,,"t ,,& ,,*ange ,,by ,,john ,,burr\ghs ,,bo/on ,,& ,,new ,,york #aiab ,,preface ,i suspect t 9 ?is volume my read] w feel t ,i h giv5 him a /one :5 he ask$ = bread1 & 8 feel+ 9 ?is respect w ne$ no apology4 ,i fe> !re is m ( ! matt] ( h>d sci5ce & ( sci5tific speculation 9 ?is collection ?an ( spiritual & ae/hetic nutrim5t2 b ,i d hope ! volume is n entirely de/itute ( ! latt]4 ,if ,i h n 9 "s degree succe$$ 9 transmut+ my rocks into a k9d ( :olesome lit]>y bread1 or1 to v>y ! figure1 9 turn+ !m into a soil 9 :i* "s gre5 ?+ or fl[] ( human int]e/ & emotion may take root & gr[1 !n1 inde$1 h ,i come %ort ( ! end ,i _h 9 view4 ,i am well aw>e t my own int]e/ 9 geology f> outruns my k1 b if ,i c 9 "s degree k9dle t int]e/ 9 my read]1 ,i %all be putt+ him on ! road to a full] k ?an ,i possess4 ,z ) o!r phases ( nature1 ,i h probably lov$ ! rocks m ?an ,i h /udi$ !m4 ,9 my y\? ,i delight$ 9 l+]+ ab\t & b5ea? ! l$ges ( my native hills1 p>tly 9 ! _s ( adv5ture & a boy's love ( ! wild1 & p>tly ) an eye to _! curi\s =ms1 & ! evid5ces ( imm5se "t t look$ out f _! gray & crumbl+ fronts4 ,i 0 9 ! pres5ce ( ,geologic ,"t1 & 0 impress$ by ! sc>r$ & li*5-coat$ vet]an )\t kn[+ :o or :at he 04 ,b he put a spell ^u me t has deep5$ z ! ye>s h pass$1 & n[ my boyhood l$ges are m int]e/+ to me ?an ev]4 ,if "o ga9s an int]e/ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! e>?1 he is q sure to ga9 an int]e/ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! life on ! e>?4 ,if ! =m] illu/rates ! !ory ( developm5t1 s mu/ ! latt]4 ,! geologi/ is pretty sure to be an evolutioni/4 ,z sci5ce turns ov] ! leaves ( ! great rocky volume1 x sees ! impr9t ( animals & plants ^u !m & x traces _! *anges & ! appe>ance ( new species f age to age4 ,! biologic tree has gr[n & develop$ z ! geologic soil 9 :i* x is root$ has deep5$ & rip5$4 ,i am sure ,i 0 an evolutioni/ 9 ! ab/ract1 or by ! quality & complexion ( my m9d1 be=e ,i read ,d>w91 b to become an evolutioni/ 9 ! concrete1 & accept ! doctr9e ( ! animal orig9 ( man1 has n = me be5 an easy matt]4 ,! essays on ! subject 9 ?is volume are ! outcome ( ! /ages ( brood+ & ?9k+ :i* ,i h gone ?r\gh 9 accept+ ?is doctr9e4 ,i am aw>e t !re is mu* repetition 9 !m1 b maybe on t v acc\nt !y w help my read] to g along ) me ov] ! long road we h to travel to rea* ?is conclusion4 ,july1 #aiab4 ,,cont5ts ,i4 ,,! ,,long ,,road ,,ii4 ,,! ,,div9e ,,abyss ,,iii4 ,,! ,,spell ,,( ,,! ,,yosemite ,,iv4 ,,?r\gh ,,! ,,eyes ,,( ,,! ,,geologi/ ,v4 ,,holidays ,,9 ,,hawaii ,,vi4 ,,! ,,old ,,ice ,,flood ,,vii4 ,,! ,,fri5dly ,,soil ,,viii4 ,,primal ,,en]gies ,,ix4 ,,sci5tific ,,fai? ,x4 ,,! ,,worm ,,/riv+ ,,to ,,be ,,man ,,xi4 ,,! ,,phantoms ,,beh9d ,,u ,,xii4 ,,! ,,haz>ds ,,( ,,! ,,pa/ ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,gospel ,,( ,,nature ,,"t ,,& ,,*ange ,i ,,! ,,long ,,road ,i ,! long road ,i h 9 m9d is ! long road ( evolution1--! road y & ,i h travel$ 9 ! guise ( humbl] organisms1 f ! fir/ unicellul> life 9 ! old ,cambrian seas to ! complex & highly specializ$ creature t rules supreme 9 ! animal k+dom to-day4 ,surely a long j\rney1 /ret*+ ?r\gh immeasurable epo*s ( geologic "t1 & att5d$ by vicissitudes ( :i* we c =m b feeble conceptions4 ,! majority ( read]s1 ,i fancy1 are n yet ready to admit t !y1 or any ( _! =ebe>s1 h ev] made su* a j\rney4 ,we h all long be5 taught t our race 0 />t$ ^u its c>e] only a few ?\s& ye>s ago1 />t$1 n amid ! w>r+s ( savage elem5tal nature1 b 9 a pleasant g>d5 ) ev]y?+ ne$$ close at h&4 ,?is belief has fad$ a good deal 9 our "t1 especially among ?\ghtful p]sons2 b 9 a modifi$ =m1 z ! special creation !ory1 x held sway 9 ! m9ds ( ! old] naturali/s l ,agassiz & ,dawson1 long aft] ,d>w9 _h laun*$ 8 revolution>y doctr9e ( our animal orig91 putt+ man 9 ! same zoological s*eme z ! l[] ord]s4 ,we are sl[ to adju/ our m9ds to ! revelations ( sci5ce1 !y h be5 s long adju/$ to a revelation1 s-call$1 ( an entirely diff]5t "*4 ,x gives !m a wr5* m or less viol5t :5 we try to make !m at home & at _! ease amid ^! new & />tl+ disclosures4 ,to _m good p evolution seems an ungodly doctr9e1 l sett+ up a remorseless logic 9 ! place ( an omnipres5t ,creator4 ,b !re is no help = x4 ,sci5ce has fairly turn$ u out ( our com=table little an?ropomorphic notion ( ?+s into ! great out-(-doors ( ! univ]se4 ,we mu/ & w get us$ to ! *ill1 yea1 to ! cosmic *ill1 if ne$ be4 ,our religi\s in/9cts w be all ! h>di] = x4 ,:5 we accept$ ,newton's discov]y ( ! =ce call$ gravitation1 we virtually surr5d]$ ourselves to ! enemy1 & />t$ ^u a road1 ! road ( natural causation1 t trav]ses ! :ole sy/em ( creat$ ?+s4 ,we _c turn back2 we may lie d[n by ! roadside & dream our old dreams1 b our *ildr5 & _! *ildr5 w press on1 & w be exhil>at$ by ! j\rney4 ,x is at fir/ sight an unpalatable tru? t evolution confronts u )1 & x requires c\rage calmly to face x4 ,b x is 9 p]fect keep+ ) ! :ole c>e] ( physical sci5ce1 :i* is =ev] direct+ our att5tion to common ne>-at-h& facts = ! key to remote & my/]i\s occurr5ces4 ,x seems to me t evolution adds greatly to ! wond] ( life1 because x takes x out ( ! realm ( ! arbitr>y1 ! exceptional1 & l9ks x to ! sequ5ce ( natural causation4 ,t man %\ld h be5 br\ght into exi/5ce by ! fiat ( an omnipot5t p[] is less an occasion = wond] ?an t he %\ld h work$ 8 way up f ! l[] non-human =ms4 ,t ! manw>d impulse %\ld nev] h be5 lo/ 9 all ! appall+ vicissitudes ( geologic "t1 t x %\ld h pu%$ /eadily on1 ?r\gh mollusk & fi% & amphibian & reptile1 ?r\gh swimm+ & creep+ & climb+ ?+s1 & t ! =ms t convey$ x %\ld h escap$ ! dev\r+ mon/]s ( ! e>?1 sea1 & air till x came to its full e/ate 9 a human be+1 is ! wond] ( wond]s4 ,9 l mann]1 evolution raises imm5sely ! value ( ! biological processes t are ev]y:]e op]ative ab\t u1 by %[+ u t ^! processes are ! *annels ?r\gh :i* ! creative en]gy has work$1 & is /ill work+4 ,n 9 ! f>-(f or 9 ! exceptional does x seek ! key to man's orig91 b 9 ! sleepless activity ( ! creative =ce1 :i* has be5 pu%+ onw>d & upw>d1 f ! remote/ "t1 till x has come to full fruition 9 man4 ,x is easy to inject into man's natural hi/ory a sup]natural elem5t1 z ne>ly all biologi/s & an?ropologi/s be=e ,d>w9's "t did1 & z _m s]i\s p /ill d4 ,x is too easy1 9 fact1 & ! temptation to d s is great4 ,x makes %ort "w ( ! problem ( man's orig91 & saves a deal ( tr\ble4 ,b ?is me?od is m & m discr$it$1 & ! y\ng] biologi/s & natural philosoph]s accept ! zoological conception ( man1 :i* l9ks him ) all ! l[] =ms1 & proce$ to "w f t4 ,:5 we h tak5 ! fir/ /ep 9 try+ to solve ! problem ( man's orig91 :]e c we /op8 ,c we f9d any po9t 9 8 hi/ory :]e we c say1 ,"h 8 natural hi/ory ends1 & 8 sup]natural hi/ory beg9s8 ,does 8 natural hi/ory end ) ! pre-glacial man1 ) ! cave man1 or ! riv]-drift man1 ) ! l[-br[$1 long-jaw$ fossil man ( ,java1--,pi!can?ropus erectus1 describ$ by ,du ,bois8 ,:]e %all we /op on 8 trail8 ,i _h almo/ said /ep on 8 tail1 = we und\bt$ly1 if we g back f> en\gh1 come to a "t :5 man _h a tail4 ,e unborn *ild at a c]ta9 /age ( its developm5t /ill has a tail1 z x also has a coat ( hair & a h&-l foot4 ,b c\ld we /op ) ! tail$ man--! manlike ape1 or ! apelike man8 ,did 8 ,creator />t him ) ?is app5dage1 or 0 x a lat] suffix ( 8 own inv5tion8 ,if we once s]i\sly und]take to solve ! riddle ( man's orig91 & g back along ! l9e ( 8 desc5t1 ,i d\bt if we c f9d ! po9t1 or ! =m1 :]e ! natural is supplant$ by ! sup]natural z x is call$1 :]e causation ends & miracle beg9s4 ,ev5 ! fir/ dawn ( protozoic life 9 ! primordial seas mu/ h be5 natural1 or x w\ld n h occurr$1--mu/ h be5 pot5tial 9 :at w5t be=e x4 ,9 ?is univ]se1 s f> z we "k x1 "o ?+ spr+s f ano!r2 ! sequ5ce ( cause & effect is cont9u\s & inviolable4 ,we "k t no man is born ( full /ature1 ) 8 hat & boots on2 we "k t he gr[s f an infant1 & we "k ! infant gr[s f a fetus1 & t ! fetus gr[s f a bit ( nucleat$ protoplasm 9 ! "m's womb4 ,:y may n ! race ( man gr[ f a l simple beg9n+8 ,x seems to be ! ord] ( nature2 x ,,is ! ord] ( nature1--fir/ ! g]m1 ! inception1 !n ! sl[ gr[? f ! simple to ! complex4 ,x is ! ord] ( our own ?\ghts1 our own arts1 our own civilization1 our own language4 ,9 our c&id mom5ts we ackn[l$ge ! animal 9 ourselves & 9 our neighbors1--especially 9 our neighbors1--! bea/1 ! %>k1 ! hog1 ! slo?1 ! fox1 ! monkey2 b to accept ! notion ( our animal orig91 t gives u pause4 ,to believe t our remote ance/or1 no matt] h[ remote 9 "t or space1 0 a l[ly organiz$ creature liv+ 9 ! primordial seas ) no m bra9s ?an a %ovel-nos$ %>k or a g>-pike1 puts our sci5tific fai? to sev]e te/4 ,?9k ( x4 ,= c\ntless ages1 millions ^u millions ( ye>s1 we see ! e>? sw>m+ ) life1 l[ be/ial life1 dev\r+ & dev\r$1 myriads ( =ms1 all 9 bondage to nature or natural =ces1 liv+ only to eat & to bre$1 localiz$1 dep5d5t ^u place & clime1 %ap$ to specific ends l ma*9es1--to fly1 to swim1 to climb1 to run1 to dig1 to drill1 to weave1 to wade1 to graze1 to cru%1--kn[+ n :at !y d1 z void ( consci\s purpose z ! ?orns1 ! /+s1 ! hooks1 ! coils1 & ! w+s 9 ! vegetable _w1 mak+ no impression ^u ! face ( nature1 z mu* a "p ( x z ! trees & ! /ones1 species aft] species hav+ its day1 & !n pass+ (f ! /age1 :5 sudd5ly1 9 ! day be=e ye/]day 9 ! geologic ye>1 s sudd5ly z to give "s color ( tru? to ! special creation !ory1 a new & /range animal appe>s1 ) new & /range p[]s1 sep>at$ f ! o!rs by :at appe>s an impassable gulf1 less specializ$ 9 8 bodily p[]s ?an ! o!rs1 b va/ly m specializ$ 9 8 bra9 & m5tal p[]s1 in/itut+ a new ord] ( ?+s ^u ! e>?1 ! face ( :i* he 9 "t *anges ?r\gh 8 new gift ( reason1 inv5t+ tools & weapons & language1 h>ness+ ! physical =ces to 8 own ends1 & putt+ all ?+s "u 8 feet1--man ! wond]-work]1 ! behold] ( ! />s1 ! critic & spectator ( creation itself1 ! ?9k] ( ! ?\ghts ( ,god1 ! wor%ip]1 ! devotee1 ! h]o1 spread+ rapidly ov] ! e>?1 & develop+ ) prodigi\s /rides :5 once fairly laun*$ ^u 8 c>e]4 ,c x be possible1 we ask1 t ?is god 0 fa!r$ by ! l[ be/ial ord]s bel[ him1--in/9ct giv+ bir? to reason1 animal f]ocity develop+ into human b5evol5ce1 ! slums ( nature s5d+ =? ! rul] ( ! e>?4 ,x is a h>d proposition1 ,i say1 und\bt$ly ! h>de/ t sci5ce has ev] confront$ u )4 ,haeckel1 discuss+ ?is subject1 sugge/s t x is ! p>v5u 9 u t is reluctant to own our l[ly prog5itors1 ! pride ( family & position1 l t ( w\ld-be ari/ocratic sons :o conceal ! humble orig9 ( _! p>5ts4 ,b x is m ?an t2 x is ! old difficulty ( walk+ by fai? :]e !re is no?+ visible to walk ^u3 we lack fai? 9 ! effici5cy ( ! biologic laws1 or any mundane =ces1 to bridge ! trem5d\s *asm t sep>ates man f ev5 ! highe/ ( ! l[] ord]s4 ,8 radical unlik5ess to all ! =ms bel[ him1 z if he mov$ 9 a _w ap>t1 into :i* !y c\ld nev] ent]1 z 9 a s5se he does1 is :]e ! difficulty lies4 ,moreov]1 evolution balks u because ( ! inconceivable /ret* ( "t dur+ :i* x has be5 at "w4 ,x is z impossible = u to grasp geological "t z sid]eal space4 ,all ! /&>ds ( measurem5t furni%$ u by exp]i5ce are z inadequate z is a *ild's cup to measure ! ocean4 ,sev]al million ye>s1 or "o million ye>s1--h[ c we take x 98 ,we _c4 ,a hundr$ ye>s is a long "t 9 human hi/ory1 & h[ we pause be=e a ?\s&6 ,!n ?9k ( t5 ?\s&1 ( fifty ?\s&1 ( "o hundr$ ?\s&1 ( t5 hundr$ ?\s&1 or "o million1 or ( "o hundr$ million6 ,:at might n ! sl[ b ceaseless creative en]gy d 9 t "t1 *ang+ b a hair 9 ea* g5]ation6 ,if our millionaires _h to e>n _! weal? c5t by c5t1 & c>ry ea* c5t home ) !m at night1 x w\ld be "s ye>s be=e !y became millionaires4 ,?is is b a fa9t symbol ( ! sl[ process by :i* nature has pil$ up h] ri*es4 ,%e has _h no visions ( sudd5 weal?4 ,to clo! ! e>? ) soil made f ! dis9tegrat$ m\nta9s--c we figure t "t to ourselves8 ,! ,ori5tals try to get a h9t ( et]nity by say+ t :5 ! ,himalayas h be5 gr\nd to p[d] by all[+ a gauze veil to float aga9/ !m once 9 a ?\s& ye>s1 et]nity w only h j begun4 ,our m\nta9s h be5 pulv]iz$ by a process almo/ z sl[4 ,9 our case ! gauze veil is ! air1 & ! ra9s1 & ! sn[s1 be=e :i* ev5 granite crumbles4 ,see :at ! god ( erosion1 9 ! %ape ( wat]1 has done 9 ! riv] valleys & gorges--cut a mile deep 9 ! ,colorado canyon1 & yet ?is canyon is b ( ye/]day 9 geologic "t4 ,only give ! evolution>y god "t en\gh & all ^! miracles are surely wr\ght4 ,truly x is h>d = u to realize :at a "p "t has play$ 9 ! e>?'s hi/ory1--j "t1 duration1--s sl[ly1 oh1 s sl[ly1 h ! great *anges be5 br\ght ab\t6 ,! turn+ ( mud & silt into rock 9 ! bottom ( ! old seas seems to h be5 m]ely a "q ( "t4 ,mud does n become rock 9 man's "t1 nor vegetable matt] become coal4 ,^! processes are too sl[ = u4 ,! flex+ & fold+ ( ! rocky /rata1 miles deep1 "u an ev5 pressure1 is only a "q ( "t4 ,all[ "t en\gh & =ce en\gh1 & a lay] ( granite may be b5t l a b[4 ,! cry/als ( ! rock seem to adju/ !mselves to ! /ra91 & to take up new positions1 j z !y d1 mu* m rapidly1 9 a cake ( ice "u pressure4 ,probably no human ag5cy c\ld flex a /ratum ( rock1 because !re is n "t en\gh1 ev5 if !re 7 p[] en\gh4 ,a l[ temp]ature act+ gradually1 says my geology1 dur+ an indef9ite age w\ld produce results t c\ld n be o!rwise br\ght ab\t ev5 ?r\gh great] heat4 ,give u "t1 say ! great me*anical =ces1 & we w %[ y ! immobile rocks & y\r rigid m\nta9 *a9s z flexible z a piece ( lea!r4 ,give u "t1 say ! dews & ! ra9s & ! sn[flakes1 & we w make y a g>d5 out ( ^? same /ubborn rocks & fr[n+ l$ges4 ,give u "t1 says ,life1 />t+ ) h] protozoans 9 ! old ,cambrian seas1 & ,i w n /op till ,i h peopl$ ! e>? ) myriad =ms & cr[n$ !m all ) man4 ,dana ?9ks t _h a man be5 liv+ dur+ ! *anges t produc$ ! coal1 he w\ld n h suspect$ _! progress1 s sl[ & quiet 7 !y4 ,x is probable t p>ts ( our own sea-coa/ are s9k+ & o!r p>ts ris+ z rapidly z ! oscillation ( ! l& & sea w5t on t result$ 9 ! lay+ d[n ( ! coal measures4 ,an et]nity to man is b a day 9 ! cosmic process4 ,9 ! face ( geologic "t1 man's appe>ance ^u ! e>? z man1 ) a writt5 hi/ory1 is some?+ t has j happ5$2 x 0 9 ?is morn+'s pap]1 we read ( x at breakfa/4 ,z evolution goes1 x w n be old news yet = a hundr$ ?\s& ye>s or s1 & by t "t1 :at w he h done1 if he goes on at 8 pres5t rate ( accel]at$ spe$8 ,probably he w n h caught ! gods ( evolution at _! "w1 or witness$ ! orig9 ( species by natural desc5t1 ^! ?+s are too sl[ = him2 b he w c]ta9ly h f\nd out _m ?+s t we are all eag] to "k4 ,9 nature z a :ole we see results & n processes4 ,we see ! rock /rata b5t & fold$1 we see ! :ole m\nta9-*a9s flex$ & %ort5$ by ! flexure2 b _h we be5 pres5t1 we %\ld n h suspect$ :at 0 go+ on4 ,our little span ( life does n give u ! p>allax necess>y4 ,! rock /rata1 miles ?ick1 may be be+ flex$ n[ "u our feet1 & we "k x n4 ,! e>? is %r9k+1 b s sl[ly6 ,:51 "u ! sl[ /ra91 ! /rata sudd5ly give way or s9k1 & an e>?quake results1 !n we "k some?+ has happ5$4 ,a rec5t biologi/ & physici/ ?9ks1 & d\btless ?9ks wisely1 t ! reason :y we h nev] be5 able to produce liv+ f non-liv+ matt] 9 our laboratories1 is t we _c take "t en\gh4 ,ev5 if we c\ld br+ ab\t ! conditions ( ! e>ly geologic ages 9 :i* life _h its dawn1 :i* ( c\rse we _c1 we c\ld n produce life because we h n geologic "t at our disposal4 ,! reaction :i* we call life 0 probably z mu* a cosmic or geologic ev5t z 7 ! reactions :i* produc$ ! diff]5t elem5ts & comp\nds1 & dem&$ ! same sl[ ge/ation 9 ! womb ( "t4 ,dur+ :at cycles ^u cycles ! great "m-=ces ( ! univ]se mu/ h brood$ ov] ! inorganic be=e ! organic 0 br\ght =?6 ,! ar*ean age1 dur+ :i* ! brood+ seems to h gone on1 0 probably z long z all ! ages s9ce4 ,h[ we are baffl$ :5 we talk ab\t ! beg9n+ ( any?+ 9 nature or 9 our own lives6 ,9 our exp]i5ce !re mu/ be a fir/1 b :5 did manhood beg92 :5 did pub]ty1 :5 did old age1 beg98 ,:5 did ea* /age ( our m5tal gr[? beg98 ,:5 or :]e did ! ,engli% language beg91 or ! ,fr5*1 or ! ,g]man8 ,0 !re a fir/ ,engli% ^w spok58 ,f ! fir/ animal s\nd1 if we c conceive ( su*1 up to ! human spee* ( to-day1 !re is an inf9ite gradation ( s\nds & words4 ,0 !re a fir/ summ]1 a fir/ w9t]1 a fir/ spr+8 ,!re c\ld h>dly h be5 a fir/ day ev5 = ages & ages1 b only sl[ly approximat+ day4 ,aft] an imm5se lapse ( "t ! air mu/ h cle>$ & ! day become sep>at$ f ! night1 & ! seasons mu/ h become gradually def9$4 ,?+s sl[ly em]ge "o aft] ano!r f a dim1 nebul\s condition1 bo? 9 our own gr[? & exp]i5ce & 9 ! developm5t ( ! physical univ]se4 ,9 nature !re is no fir/ & la/4 ,!re is an endless beg9n+ & an endless end+4 ,!re 0 no fir/ man or fir/ woman1 no fir/ bird1 or fi%1 or reptile4 ,back ( ea* "o /ret*es an endless *a9 ( approximat+ m5 & birds & reptiles4 ,?is talk ab\t ! "t & place :]e man began 8 exi/5ce seems to me mislead+1 because x appe>s to convey ! idea t he began z man at "s "t1 9 "s place4 ,:]eas he grew4 ,he began :]e & :5 ! fir/ cell appe>$1 & he has be5 on ! road ev] s9ce4 ,!re is no po9t 9 ! l9e :]e he em]g$ f ! n-man & became man4 ,he 0 em]g+ f ! n-man = millions ( ye>s1 & :5 y put y\r f+] on an animal =m & say1 ,?is is man1 y mu/ g back ?r\gh :ole geologic p]iods be=e y rea* ! n-man4 ,if ,d>w9 is "r1 !re is no m reason = believ+ t ! diff]5t species or =ms ( animal life 7 sudd5ly introduc$ ?an !re is = believ+ t ! soil1 or ! m9]als1 gold1 silv]1 diamonds1 or vegetable mold & v]dure 7 sudd5ly introduc$4 ,,ii ,if we "k any?+ ( ! e>?'s pa/ hi/ory1 we "k t ! cont95ts 7 long 9 =m+1 t !y pass$ ?r\gh _m vicissitudes ( heat & cold1 ( fire & flood1 ( upheaval & subsid5ce--t !y _h1 s to speak1 _! fir/ l[1 simple rudim5t>y or inv]tebrate life1 t !y 7 all sl[ 9 gett+ _! backbones1 sl[] /ill 9 clo?+ _! rock ribs ) soil & v]dure1 t !y pass$ ?r\gh a sort ( amphibian /age1 n[ "u wat]1 n[ on dry l&1 t _! _m k9ds ( soils & climes 7 n diff]5tiat$ & _! complex wat]-sy/ems e/abli%$ till well into ,t]ti>y times--9 %ort1 t !y h pass$ m & m f ! simple to ! complex1 f ! disorganiz$ to ! organiz$4 ,:5 man comes to draw 8 su/5ance f _! brea/s1 may !y n be said to h rea*$ ! mammalian /age8 ,! f]tile pla9 & valley & ! r\nd$ hill are ( sl[ gr[?1 imm5sely sl[4 ,b any giv5 /age ( ! e>? has foll[$ naturally f ! previ\s /age1 only m & m & high] & high] =ces took a h& 9 ! game4 ,fir/ its elem5ts pass$ ?r\gh ! /age ( fire1 !n ?r\gh ! /age ( wat]1 !n m]g$ into ! /age ( air4 ,m & m ! a]ial elem5ts--oxyg51 c>bon1 nitrog5--h ent]$ into its con/itu5ts & fatt5$ ! soil4 ,! humaniz+ ( ! e>? has be5 l>gely a process ( oxidation4 ,m ?an dis9tegrat$ rock makes up ! soil2 ! air & ! ra9s & ! sn[s h all contribut$ a %>e4 ,! hi/ory ( ! soil :i* we turn ) our spade1 & /amp ) our %oes1 cov]s millions ^u millions ( ye>s4 ,x is ! a%es ( ! m\nta9s1 ! leav+s ( untold g5]ations ( animal & vegetable life4 ,x came out ( ! sea1 x drift$ f ! heav5s2 x fl[$ out f ! fi]y he>t ( ! globe2 x has be5 work$ ov] & ov] by fro/ & flood1 bl[n by w9ds1 %ovel$ by ice1 --mix$ & knead$ & m\ld$ z ! h\se-wife kneads & m\lds h] bread1--ref9+ & ref9+ f age to age4 ,mu* ( x 0 held 9 solution 9 ! primordial seas1 :5ce x 0 filt]$ & us$ & precipitat$ by c\ntless =ms ( m>9e life1 mak+ a s$im5t t 9 "t became rocks1 t aga9 9 "t became cont95ts or p>ts ( !m1 :i* ! a]ial =ces r$uc$ to soil4 ,inde$1 ! soil itself is an evolution1 z mu* s z ! life ^u x4 ,we probably h little conception ( h[ intimate & coop]ative all p>ts ( ! univ]se are ) "o ano!r1--( ! debt we owe to ! f>!/ />s1 & to ! remote/ p]iod ( "t4 ,we mu/ owe a debt to ! mon/]s ( ,mesozoic & ,ca5ozoic "t2 !y help$ to f]tilize ! soil = u1 & to discipl9e ! rud] =ces ( life4 ,we owe a debt to all t has gone be=e3 to ! heav5s above & to ! e>?-fires b5ea?1 to ! ice-%eets t gr\nd d[n ! m\nta9s1 & to ! ocean curr5ts4 ,j z we owe a debt to ! m5 & wom5 9 our l9e ( desc5t1 s we owe a debt to ! rud] primordial =ces t %ap$ ! planet to our use1 & took a h& 9 ! game ( animal life4 ,! gods ( evolution _h s]v$ a long appr5tice%ip2 !y _h ga9$ pr(ici5cy & 7 ma/] workm54 ,or %all we say t ! elem5ts ( life _h become m pla/ic & adaptable1 or t ! life fund _h accumulat$1 s to speak8 ,_h ! va/ succession ( liv+ be+s1 ! long exp]i5ce 9 organization1 at la/ made ! problem ( ! orig9 ( man easi] to solve8 ,"o fancies e liv+ ?+ z n only return+ its m9]al elem5ts to ! soil1 b z 9 "s subtle way leav+ its vital =ces also1 & ?us contribut+ to ! impalpable1 invisible /ore-h\se ( vital en]gy ( ! globe4 ,at fir/ among ! mammalian tribes !re 0 mu* muscle & little bra9s4 ,b 9 ! middle ,t]ti>y ! mammal bra9 began sudd5ly to enl>ge1 s t 9 our "t ! bra9 ( ! horse is m ?an eight times ! size ( ! bra9 ( 8 prog5itor1 ! d9oc]as ( ,eoc5e times4 ,nature seems to h exp]im5t$ ) bra9s & n]ve ganglia1 z %e has ) s _m o!r ?+s4 ,! huge reptilian creatures ( ,mesozoic "t--! v>i\s d9osaurs--_h ridicul\sly small heads & bra9s1 b !y _h :at might be call$ supplem5t>y bra9s well t[>d ! o!r end ( ! body1--great n]v\s masses ne> ! sacrum1 _m times ! size ( ! o/5sible bra91 :i* no d\bt p]=m$ c]ta9 bra9 functions4 ,b ! pr9ciple ( c5tralization 0 at "w1 & :5 9 lat] "t we rea* ! high] mammalian =ms1 we f9d ^! outly+ n]v\s masses call$ 91 s to speak1 & conc5trat$ 9 ! head4 ,nature has tri$ ! big1 ! gigantic1 ov] & ov]1 & !n ab&on$ x4 ,9 ,c>bonif]\s times !re 0 a gigantic dragon-fly1 measur+ m ?an two feet 9 ! expanse ( w+s4 ,/ill e>li]1 !re 7 gigantic mollusks & sea scorpions1 a cephalopod l>g] ?an a man2 !n gigantic fi%es & amphibians & reptiles1 foll[$ by enorm\s mammals4 ,b ! geologic record %[s t ^! huge =ms did n cont9ue4 ,! mollusks t la/ un*ang$ ?r\gh millions ( ye>s are ! clam & ! oy/] ( our day4 ,! huge mosses & tree-f]ns are gone1 & only _! humbl] types rema94 ,among m5 giants are %ort-liv$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! /eady increase 9 size ( c]ta9 o!r species ( animals dur+ ! lat] geologic ages is a curi\s & int]e/+ fact4 ,! fir/ prog5itors ( ! elephant t h be5 f\nd %[ a small animal t /eadily grew ?r\gh ! ages till ! animal z we n[ f9d x is rea*$4 ,among ! inv]tebrates ?is same progressive increase 9 size has be5 not$1 a small %ell 9 ! ,devonian becom+ enorm\s 9 ! ,triassic4 ,c]ta9 species ( %>ks ( m$ium size 9 ! l[] ,eoc5e cont9ue to increase till !y atta9 ! a/\nd+ dim5sions 9 ! ,mioc5e & ,plioc5e ( ov] "o hundr$ feet long4 ,a c]ta9 fi% appe>+ 9 ! ,devonian z a small fi% ( sev5 c5timetres 9 l5g?1 becomes 9 ! ,c>bonif]\s era a creature tw5ty-sev5 c5timetres 9 l5g?4 ,among ! mammals ( ,t]ti>y times ?is same law ( /eady increase 9 size has be5 op]ative1 z se5 9 ! ,felidae1 ! /ag1 & ! antelope4 ,man himself has1 no d\bt1 be5 "u ! same law1 & is probably a mu* l>g] animal ?an any ( 8 ,t]ti>y ance/ors4 ,9 ! vegetable _w ?is process1 9 _m cases1 at lea/1 has be5 rev]s$1 & ! huge treelike club-mosses & horsetails ( ,c>bonif]\s times h dw9dl$ 9 our "t to v insignificant h]bace\s =ms4 ,animals ( ov]we5+ size are h&icapp$ 9 _m ways1 s t nature 9 mo/ cases f9ally ab&ons ! gigantic & /icks to ! m$ium & ! small4 ,,iii ,c we fail to see ! significance ( ! ord] 9 :i* life has appe>$ ^u ! globe--! asc5d+ s]ies f ! simple to ! m & m complex8 ,c we d\bt t ea* s]ies is ! outcome ( ! "o bel[ x--t !re is a logical sequ5ce f ! protozoa up ?r\gh ! inv]tebrates1 ! v]tebrates1 to man8 ,is x n l all t we "k ( ! me?od ( nature8 ,c\ld we sub/itute ! life ( "o p]iod = t ( ano!r )\t do+ obvi\s viol5ce to ! logic ( nature8 ,is !re no fundam5tal reason = ! gradation we behold8 ,all animal life l[e/ 9 organization is e>lie/ 9 "t1 & vice v]sa1 ! diff]5t classes ( a sub-k+dom1 & ! diff]5t ord]s ( a class1 succe$+ "o ano!r1 z ,cope says1 9 ! relative ord] ( _! zoological rank4 ,?us ! sponges are lat] ?an ! protozoa1 ! corals succe$ ! sponges1 ! sea-ur*9s come aft] ! corals1 ! %ell-fi% foll[ ! sea-ur*9s1 ! articulates are lat] ?an ! %ell-fi%1 ! v]tebrates are lat] ?an ! articulates4 ,among ! =m]1 ! amphibian foll[s ! fi%1 ! reptile foll[s ! amphibian1 ! mammal foll[s ! reptile1 & non-plac5tal mammals are foll[$ by ! plac5tal4 ,x almo/ seems z if nature hesitat$ :e!r to produce ! mammal f ! reptile or f ! amphibian1 z ! mammal be>s m>ks ( bo? 9 its anatomy1 & :i* 0 ! p>5t /em is /ill a "q4 ,! he>t />t$ z a simple tube 9 ! ,leptoc>dii2 x divides itself into two cavities 9 ! fi%es1 into ?ree 9 ! reptiles1 & into f\r 9 ! birds & mammals4 ,s ! ossification ( ! v]tebral column takes place progressively1 f ! ,silurian to ! middle ,jurassic4 ,! same asc5d+ s]ies ( creation z a :ole is repeat$ 9 ! inception & developm5t ( e "o ( ! high] animals to-day4 ,ea* "o beg9s z a s+le cell1 :i* soon becomes a cong]ies ( cells1 :i* is foll[$ by cong]ies ( cong]ies ( cells1 till ! highly complex /ructure ( ! gr[n animal ) all its intricate physiological activities & specialization ( p>ts1 is rea*$4 ,x is typical ( ! c\rse ( ! creative en]gy f ! fir/ unicellul> life up to man1 ea* succe$+ /age fl[+ out (1 & necessitat$ by1 ! prec$+ /age4 ,h[ sl[ly & surely ! circulatory sy/em improv$6 ,f ! cold-blood$ animal to ! w>m-blood$ is a great advance4 ,9 ! w>m-blood$ is develop$ ! capacity to ma9ta9 a fix$ temp]ature :ile t ( ! surr\nd+ m$ium *anges4 ,! bra9 & n]v\s sy/em display ! same progressive asc5t f ! bra9less acrania1 up ?r\gh ! fi%es1 batra*ia1 reptiles1 & birds to ! top 9 mammals4 ,! same ) ! skeletons 9 ! inv]tebrates1 f membrane to c>tilage1 f c>tilage to bone1 s t ! primitive c>tilage rema9+ 9 any "p ( ! skeleton is consid]$ a m>k ( inf]iority4 ,accord+ to ,cope1 !re has be5 progressive improvem5t 9 ! me*anism ( ! body--x has become a bett] & bett] ma*9e4 ,! susp5sion ( ! l[] jaw1 s z to br+ ! tee? ne>] ! p[]1--! masset] & relat$ muscles1--0 a sl[ evolution & a great advance4 ,! f9 is m primitive ?an ! limb2 ! limbs !mselves display a con/antly increas+ diff]5tiation ( p>ts f ! batra*ian to ! mammalian4 ,!re 0 no good ankle jo9t 9 e>ly ,eoc5e times4 ,! model ankle jo9t is a tongue & groove arrangem5t1 & ?is is a lat] evolution4 ,9 ,eoc5e times !y 7 ne>ly all flat4 ,! ar*$ foot1 too1 comes 92 ?is is an advance on ! flat foot4 ,! bones ( ! palms & soles are n lock$ until ! lat] ,t]ti>y4 ,! v]tebral column progress$ 9 ! same way1 f flat to ! d\ble curve & ! int]lock+ process1 ?us secur+ greate/ /r5g? ) greate/ mobility4 ,9 ! e>lie/ life locomotion 0 diffus$1 lat] x became conc5trat$4 ,! worm walks ) its :ole body4 ,,iv ,if we figure to ourselves ! geologic hi/ory ( ! e>? "u ! symbol ( a ye> ( ?ree hundr$ & sixty-five days1 ea* day a million ye>s1 :i* is probably n f> out ( ! way1 !n man1 ! bip$1 ! ,homo sapi5s1 9 relation to ?is imm5se pa/1 is ( to-day1 or ( ?is v morn+2 :ile ! orig9 ( ! fir/ v]tebrates1 ! fi%es1 f :i* he has aris51 falls ne>] ! middle ( ! great ye>4 ,or1 divid+ ?is geologic ye> into f\r divisions or seasons1 prim>y1 second>y1 t]ti>y1 & quat]n>y1 ! fi%es fall 9 ! prim>y1 ! reptiles 9 ! second>y1 ! mammals 9 ! t]ti>y1 & man 9 ! e>ly quat]n>y4 ,if ! fluid e>? h>d5$1 & ! seas 7 =m$ 9 ! fir/ mon? ( ?is ye>1 !n probably ! fir/ beg9n+ ( life appe>$ 9 ! second mon?1 ! inv]tebrate 9 ! ?ird or f\r?1--,m>* or ,april1--! v]tebrates 9 ,may or ,june1 ! amphibians 9 ,july or ,augu/1 ! reptiles 9 ,augu/ or ,septemb]1 ! mammals 9 ,octob] or ,novemb]1 & man 9 ,decemb]1--sep>at$ f ! fir/ beg9n+s ( life by all ^? millions ^u millions ( ye>s4 ,if life is a f]m5t1 z we are told x is1 h[ long x took ?is yea/ to leav5 ! :ole loaf6 ,man is evid5tly ! end ( ! s]ies1 he is ! top ( ! biological tree4 ,8 specialization ^u physical l9es seems to h end$ f> back 9 geologic "t2 8 future specialization & developm5t is evid5tly to be ^u m5tal & spiritual l9es4 ,nature1 z ,i h said1 began to t5d m & m to bra9s 9 ! e>ly ,t]ti>y1--! autumn ( ! great ye>2 h] be/ h>ve/ began to mature !n1 h] gra9 began to rip54 ,inde$1 ?is increas$ cephalization ( animal life 9 ! fall ( ! great ye> does sugge/ a k9d ( rip5+ process1 ! turn+ ( ! sap & milk1 :i* _h be5 s abundant & s riot\s 9 ! e>li] p]iod1 into fibre & fruit & se$4 ,may x n be t t long & sultry spr+ & summ] ( ! e>?'s e>ly hi/ory1 a "t probably long] ?an has s9ce elaps$1 play$ a "p 9 ! developm5t ( life analog\s to t play$ by our spr+ & summ]1 mak+ x opul5t1 v>i$1 gigantic1 & mak+ possible ! cond5sation & ref9em5t t came ) man 9 ! rec5t p]iod8 ,! e>? is a pretty big apple1 & ! sol> tree ^u :i* x hangs is a pretty big tree1 b :y may x n h gone ?r\gh a k9d ( rip5+ process = all t8 its elem5ts becom+ less crude & acrid1 & bett] suit$ to su/a9 ! high] =ms1 z ! eons pass$8 ,at any rate1 ! results seem to ju/ify su* a fancy4 ,! e>? has sl[ly und]gone a *ange t may fairly be call$ a rip5+ process2 its soil has deep5$ & mell[$1 its h>%] features h s(t5$1 m & m color has come to its surface1 ! fl[]s h bloom$1 ! m succul5t fruits h develop$1 ! air has cle>$1 & love & b5evol5ce & altruism h be5 born 9 ! _w4 ,v ,life _h to creep or swim long be=e x c\ld walk1 & x walk$ long be=e x c\ld fly2 x _h feel+ long be=e x _h eyes1 & x no d\bt _h eyes long be=e x c\ld he> or smell4 ,x 0 capable ( motion long be=e x _h limbs2 x assimilat$ food long be=e x _h a m\? or a /oma*4 ,x _h a dige/ive tract long be=e x _h a sp9al cord2 x _h n]ve ganglia long be=e x _h a well-def9$ bra94 ,x _h s5sation long be=e x _h p]ception2 x 0 unisexual long be=e x 0 bisexual2 x _h a %ell long be=e x _h a skeleton2 x _h in/9ct & reflex action long be=e x _h self-consci\sness & reason4 ,always f ! l[] to ! high]1 f ! simple to ! m complex1 & always sl[ly1 g5tly4 ,life has _h its foetal /age1 its /age ( infancy1 & *ildhood1 & maturity1 & w d\btless h its old age4 ,x took x millions ^u millions ( ye>s to get out ( ! sea ^u dry l&2 & x took x m millions ^u dry l&1 or s9ce ! ,c>bonif]\s age1 :5 ! air probably fir/ began to be brea?able1--all ! va/ /ret* ( ! ,second>y & ,t]ti>y ages1--to get upright & develop a reason+ bra91 & rea* ! e/ate ( man4 ,/ep by /ep1 9 ord]ly succession1 does creation move4 ,9 ! ris+ & 9 ! sett+ ( ! sun "o may see h[ nature's great processes /eal ^u u1 sil5tly & unnotic$1 yet always 9 sequ5ce1 /age succe$+ /age1 "o ?+ foll[+ f ano!r1 ! spectacul> mom5t ( sunset foll[+ inevitably f ! quiet1 unnotic$ s9k+ ( ! sun 9 ! we/1 or ! />tl+ fla% ( 8 rim above ! ea/]n horizon only ! fulfillm5t ( ! promise ( ! dawn4 ,all is developm5t & succession1 & man is b ! sunrise ( ! dawn ( life 9 ,cambrian or ,silurian times1 & is l9k$ to t "t z "o h\r ( ! day is l9k$ to ano!r4 ,! m complex life became1 ! m rapidly x seems to h develop$1 till x f9ally makes rapid /rides to rea* man4 ,"o seems to see ,life1 l a travel] on ! road1 go+ fa/] & fa/] z x ne>s its goal4 ,^? long ages ( unicellul> life 9 ! old seas1 h[ imm5se !y appe> to h be52 !n h[ ! age ( inv]tebrates dragg$ on1 millions ^u millions ( ye>s2 !n ! age ( fi%es2 ! ,palaeozoic age1 h[ va/--put by ,haeckel at ?irty-f\r millions ( ye>s1 add+ rock /rata =ty-"o ?\s& feet ?ick2 !n ! ,mesozoic or ?ird p]iod1 ! age ( reptiles1 elev5 million ye>s1 ) /rata twelve ?\s& feet ?ick4 ,!n came ! ,ca5ozoic age1 or age ( mammals1 ?ree million ye>s1 ) /rata ?irty-"o hundr$ feet ?ick4 ,! god ( life 0 gett+ 9 a hurry n[2 man 0 n f> (f4 ,a new device1 ! plac5ta1 0 hit ^u 9 ?is age1 & probably ! diaphragm & ! bra9 ( animals1 all greatly enl>g$4 ,f9ally comes ! ,an?ropozoic or ,quat]n>y age1 ! age ( man1 ?ree hundr$ ?\s& ye>s1 ) n mu* addition to ! s$im5t>y rocks4 ,man seems to be ! net result ( x all1 ( all ^! va/ cycles ( ,palaeozoic1 ,mesozoic1 & ,ca5ozoic life4 ,he is ! "o drop f9ally di/ill$ f ! va/ welt]+ sea ( l[] organic =ms4 ,x looks z if x all _h to be be=e he c\ld be--all ! delay & wa/e & /ruggle & pa9--all t long c>nival ( sea life1 all t saturnalia ( gigantic =ms ^u ! l& & 9 ! air1 all t ris+ & s9k+ ( ! cont95ts1 & all t %ovel+ to & fro & mix+ ( ! soils1 be=e ! _w 0 ready = him4 ,9 ! e>ly ,t]ti>y1 millions ( ye>s ago1 ! e>? seems to h be5 ripe = man4 ,! fruits & vegetables & ! =e/ trees 7 mu* z we "k !m1 ! animals t h be5 mo/ s]viceable to u 7 "h1 spr+ & summ] & fall & w9t] came & w5t1 evid5tly birds sang1 insects humm$1 fl[]s bloom$1 fruits & gra9s & nuts rip5$1 & yet man z man 0 n4 ,"u ! city ( ,london is a va/ deposit ( clay 9 :i* ?\s&s ( specim5s ( fossil fruit h be5 f\nd l our date1 cocoanut1 areca1 cu/>d-apple1 g\rd1 melon1 c(fee1 bean1 pepp]1 & cotton plant1 b no sign ( man4 ,:y 0 8 developm5t s t>dy8 ,:at animal pr(it$ by ?is ri* vegetable life8 ,! hope & promise ( ! human species at t "t probably slept 9 "s l[ly m>supial4 ,man has ga!r$ up into himself1 z he travel$ 8 devi\s way1 all ! be/ p[]s ( ! animal k+dom he has pass$ ?r\gh4 ,8 bra9 supplies him ) all t 8 body lacks1 & m4 ,8 specialization is 9 ?is highly develop$ organ4 ,x is ?is t sep>ates him s widely f all o!r animals4 ,man has no w+s1 & yet he c so> above ! cl\ds2 he is n swift ( foot1 & yet he c out-spe$ ! fleete/ h\nd or horse2 he has b feeble weapons 9 8 organization1 & yet he c slay or ma/] all ! great bea/s2 8 eye is n s %>p z t ( ! eagle or ! vulture1 & yet he c see into ! f>!/ dep?s ( sid]ial space2 he has only v feeble occult p[]s ( communication ) 8 fell[s1 & yet he c talk ar\nd ! _w & s5d 8 voice across m\nta9s & des]ts2 8 h&s are weak ?+s beside a lion's paw or an elephant's trunk1 & yet he c move m\nta9s & /ay riv]s & set b\nds to ! wilde/ seas4 ,8 dog c out-smell him & out-run him & out-bite him1 & yet 8 dog looks up to him z to a god4 ,he has err+ reason 9 place ( un]r+ in/9ct1 & yet he has *ang$ ! face ( ! planet4 ,)\t ! specialization ( ! l[] animals1--_! wond]ful adaptation to p>ticul> ends1--_! tools1 _! weapons1 _! /r5g?1 _! spe$1 man yet makes !m all 8 s]vants4 ,8 bra9 is m ?an a mat* = all ! special advantages nature has giv5 !m4 ,! "o gift ( reason makes him supreme 9 ! _w4 ,,vi ,we h a /ake 9 all ! pa/ life ( ! globe4 ,x is no d\bt a sci5tific fact t y\r exi/5ce & m9e 7 involv$ 9 ! fir/ cell t appe>$1 t ! fir/ zoophyte fur!r$ our =tunes1 t ! fir/ worm gave u a lift4 ,great good luck came to u :5 ! fir/ pair ( eyes 7 inv5t$1 probably by ! trilobite back 9 ,silurian times2 :5 ! fir/ e> appe>$1 probably 9 ,c>bonif]\s times2 :5 ! fir/ pair ( lungs grew out ( a fi%'s air-bladd]1 probably 9 ,triassic times2 :5 ! fir/ f\r-*amb]$ he>t 0 develop$ & d\ble circulation e/abli%$1 probably ) ! fir/ w>m-blood$ animal 9 ,mesozoic times4 ,^! humble =ms />t$ ! bra91 ! n]v\s sy/em1 ! circulation1 sight1 he>+1 smell2 !y inv5t$ ! liv]1 ! kidneys1 ! lungs1 ! he>t1 ! /oma*1 & l$ ! way to e organ & p[] my body & m9d h to-day4 ,!y 7 ! pione]s1 !y 7 ! dim remote =ebe>s1 !y cons]v$ & augm5t$ ! fund ( life & pass$ x along4 ,all _! /ruggles1 _! discipl9e1 _! battles1 _! failures1 _! successes1 7 = y & me4 ,man has _h ! exp]i5ce ( all ! animals bel[ him4 ,he has suff]$ & /ruggl$ z a fi%1 he has grovel$ & dev\r$ z a reptile1 he has f\ght & triumph$ z a quadrup$1 he has liv$ 9 trees z a monkey1 he has inhabit$ caves ) ! wolf & ! be>1 he has roam$ ! =e/s & pla9s z a savage1 he has surviv$ )\t fire or clo!s or weapons or tools1 he has liv$ ) ! ma/odon & all ! saurian mon/]s1 he has held 8 own aga9/ great odds1 he has surviv$ ! long battles ( ! l& & ! sea1 he wea!r$ ! ice-%eet t ov]rode bo? hemisph]es1 he has se5 _m =ms become ext9ct4 ,9 ! hi/oric p]iod he has surviv$ plague & pe/il5ce1 & want & fam9e4 ,:at mu/ he h surviv$ 9 prehi/oric times6 ,:at mu/ he h _h to cont5d ) z a cave-dwell]1 z a tree-dwell]1 z a riv]-drift man6 ,be=e he _h tools or weapons :at mu/ he h _h to cont5d )6 ,nature 0 full ( sap & riot$ 9 rude /r5g? well up to ,quat]n>y times1 produc+ extravagant =ms :i* app>5tly %e _h no use =1 z %e has discont9u$ !m4 ,9 all ^! ?+s y & ,i _h our "p & lot2 ( ?is prodigal outp\r+ ( life we h reap$ ! b5efit2 amid ^! biz>re =ms & ?is c>nival ( lu/ & p[]1 ! manw>d impulse 0 n\ri%$ & =w>d$4 ,9 ,eoc5e times ne>ly half ! mammals liv$ on o!r animals2 x mu/ h be5 an age ( great slaught]4 ,x favor$ ! developm5t ( fleetness & cunn+1 9 :i* we too h an int]e/4 ,our rude prog5itor 0 surely !re 9 "s =m1 & escap$ ! slaught]4 ,!n or lat] x is ?\ght he took to ! trees to escape 8 enemies1 z ! rats 9 ,jamaica h tak5 to ! trees to escape ! mongoose4 ,to 8 tree-climb+ we probably owe our h&1 ) its oppos+ ?umb4 ,9 all 8 disguises he is /ill our ance/or4 ,8 /ory reads l a fairy book4 ,nev] did nimble fancy ( *ildhood inv5t su* trans=mations--only ! trans=mations are s inf9itely sl[1 & att5d$ ) su* /ruggle & suff]+4 ,/rike out ! elem5t ( "t & we h be=e u a spectacle m novel & />tl+ ?an any hocus-pocus or leg]dema9 t ev] set ! cr[d agape4 ,9 e =m man has pass$ ?r\gh1 he left beh9d "s old memb] or p[] & took on "s new4 ,he left 8 air-bladd] & 8 gills & 8 f9s ) ! fi%es2 he got 8 lungs f ! dipnoans1 ! precursors ( ! amphibians1 & f ^! la/ he got 8 f\r limbs2 he left "s "p ( 8 anatomy ) ! reptile1 & took some?+ 9 ex*ange1 probably 8 flexible neck4 ,some:]e along 8 l9e he pick$ up ! f\r-*amb]$ he>t1 ! w>m blood1 ! plac5ta1 ! diaphragm1 ! plantigrade foot1 ! mamm>y gl&s--inde$1 :at has he n pick$ up on ! long road ( 8 _m trans=mations8 ,he left "s ( 8 sup]flu\s =ty-f\r tee? ) 8 ance/ral quadrumana ( ,eoc5e times1 & kept ?irty-two4 ,he pick$ up 8 bra9 some:]e on ! road1 probably f> back 9 ,palaeozoic times1 b h[ has he develop$ & enl>g$ x1 till x is n[ ! "o supreme ?+ 9 ! _w6 ,8 fe>1 8 cunn+1 8 ang]1 8 trea*]y1 8 hoggi%ness--all 8 animal passions--he br\ght ) him f 8 animal ance/ors2 b 8 moral & spiritual nature1 8 altruism1 8 v5]ation1 8 religi\s emotions1 8 ae/hetic p]ceptions--h come to him z a man1 supplem5t+ 8 l[] nature1 z x 71 ) ano!r ord] ( s5ses--a f9] sight1 a f9] t\*1 wr\ght 9 him by ! discipl9e ( life1 & ! wond] ( ! _w ab\t him1 beg9n+ de novo 9 him only z ! w+ began de novo 9 ! bird1 or ! color began de novo 9 ! fl[]--/ruck out f preexi/+ pot5tialities4 ,! fa!r ( ! eye is ! light1 & ! fa!r ( ! e> is ! vibration ( ! air1 b ! fa!r ( man's high] nature is a "q ( q ano!r sort4 ,ab\t ! only ?+ 9 8 physical make-up t man c call 8 own is 8 *94 ,none ( ! ord]s bel[ him seem to h :at c /rictly be call$ a *94 ,man owes 8 five toes & five f+]s to ! e>ly amphibians ( ! sub-c>bonif]\s times4 ,! fir/ tangible evid5ce ( ^! five toes ^u ! e>? is1 to me1 v int]e/+4 ,! e>lie/ record ( !m t ,i h he>d ( is furni%$ by a slab ( %ale f ,p5nsylvania1 ^u :i*1 :ile x 0 yet s(t mud1 our fir/ five-to$ ance/or _h left ! impr9t ( 8 f\r feet4 ,he 0 evid5tly a small1 %ort-legg$ g5tleman ) a /ride ( only ab\t ?irte5 in*es1 & he c>ri$ a tail in/ead ( a cane4 ,he 0 probably tak+ a /roll ^u ! %ores ( t va/ ,m$it]ranean ,sea t occupi$ all ! int]ior ( ! cont95t :5 he cross$ 8 mud flat4 ,x 0 ra9+ t morn+--h[ _m million ye>s ago8--z we "k f ! impr9t ( ! ra9drops ^u ! mud4 ,probably ! %[] did n cause him to quick5 8 pace1 z amphibians r l ! ra94 ,j :at 8 imm$iate =be>s 7 l1 or :at ! =ms 7 t connect$ him ) ! fi%es1 we %all probably nev] "k4 ,d\btless ! great book ( ! rocky /rata some:]e holds ! secret1 if we are ev] lucky en\gh to op5 x at ! "r place4 ,h[ _m o!r secrets1 t evolutioni/s w\ld l to "k1 ^? torn & crumpl$ leaves hold6 ,x is some?+ to me to "k t x ra9$ t day :5 our amphibian ance/or v5tur$ out4 ,! wea!r 0 beg9n+ to get organiz$ also1 & settl+ d[n to bus9ess4 ,x _h got beyond ! /ate ( p]petual mi/ & fog ( ! e>li] ages1 & ! ra9drops 7 play+ _! p>ts4 ,yet1 f all ! evid5ce we h1 we inf] t ! climate 0 w>m & v humid1 l t ( a gre5h\se1 & t vegetation1 mo/ly giant f]ns & ru%es & lycopods1 0 v rank1 b !re 0 no grass1 or moss1 no decidu\s trees1 or fl[]s1 or fruit1 z we "k ^! ?+s4 ,a ,g]man anatomi/ says t we h ! ve/iges ( "o hundr$ & eighty organs :i* h /uck to u f our animal ance/ors1--n[ useless1 or (t5 worse ?an useless1 l ! v]mi=m app5dix4 ,elev5 ( ^! sup]annuat$ & obsolete organs we br+ f ! fi%es1 f\r f amphibians & reptiles4 ,! ext]nal e> is a ve/ige--( no use any m4 ,our dread ( snakes we no d\bt inh]it$ f our simian ance/ors4 ,h[ life ref9$ & humaniz$ z "t w5t on1 sob]$ d[n & became m m$itative1 keep+ /ep1 no d\bt1 ) ! amelioration ( ! soil out ( :i* all life f9ally comes4 ,life's bank acc\nt 9 ! soil 0 con/antly increas+2 m & m ( ! inorganic 0 wr\ght up into ! organic2 ! value ( e clod und]foot 0 rais$4 ,! riot ( gigantic =ms ceas$1 & !y became a%es4 ,! giant & unc\? vegetation ceas$1 & left a%es or coal4 ,! bee*1 ! maple1 ! oak1 ! olive1 ! palm came 94 ,! giant sea s]p5ts disappe>$2 ! horse1 ! ox1 ! sw9e1 ! dog1 ! quail1 ! dove came 94 ,! plac5tal mammals develop$4 ,! horse grew 9 size & beauty4 ,:5 we fir/ come ^u 8 trail1 he is a f\r-ho(-to$ animal no l>g] ?an a fox4 ,lat] on we f9d him ! size ( a %eep ) "o ( 8 toes gone2 /ill lat]--_m hundr$ ?\s& ye>s1 no d\bt--we f9d him ! size ( a donkey1 ) /ill few] toes1 & s on till we rea* ! sup]b creature we "k4 ,! creative en]gy seems to h work$ 9 geologic "t & 9 ! geologic field j z x works "h & n[1 9 yond] v9ey>d or 9 yond] m>%1--bl9dly1 exp]im5tally1 b p]si/5tly & successfully4 ,! w+$ se$s f9d _! prop] soil1 because !y se>* 9 e direction2 ! climb+ v9es f9d _! support1 because 9 ! same bl9d way !y feel 9 all directions4 ,plants & animals & races ( m5 grope _! way to new fields1 to new p[]s1 to new inv5tions4 ,inde$1 h[ l an inv5tor ,nature has work$1 con/antly improv+ h] models1 add+ to & *ang+ z exp]i5ce w\ld seem to dictate6 ,%e has develop$ h] high] & m complex =ms z man has develop$ 8 pr9t+-press1 or /eam-eng9e1 f rude1 simple beg9n+s4 ,f ! two-*amb]$ he>t ( ! fi% %e made ! treble-*amb]$ he>t ( ! frog1 & !n ! f\r- *amb]$ he>t ( ! mammal4 ,! fir/ mamm>y gl& _h no nipples2 ! milk ooz$ out & 0 lick$ (f by ! "y4 ,! nipple 0 a great improvem5t1 z 0 ! p[] ( suckl+ 9 ! "y4 ,exp]im5t+ & exp]im5t+ endlessly1 tak+ a =w>d /ep only :5 compell$ by necessity1--?is is ! way ( ,nature1--exp]im5t+ ) eyes1 ) e>s1 ) tee?1 ) limbs1 ) feet1 ) toes1 ) w+s1 ) bladd]s & lungs1 ) scales & armors1 hitt+ ^u ! backbone only aft] long trials ) o!r =ms1 hitt+ ^u ! movable eye only aft] long ages ( o!r eyes1 hitt+ on ! mammal only aft] long ages ( egg-lay+ v]tebrates1 hitt+ on ! plac5ta only rec5tly1--exp]im5t+ all ar\nd ! circle1 disc>d+ & inv5t+1 tak+ ages to p]fect ! n]v\s sy/em1 ages & ages to develop ! c5traliz$ ganglia1 ! bra94 ,fir/ life 0 l a rabble1 a mob1 )\t ?\ght or head1 !n sl[ly organization w5t on1 z x 71 f family to clan1 f clan to tribe1 f tribe to nation1 or c5traliz$ gov]nm5t--! bra9 ( man--all p>ts duly subord9at$ & direct$1--millions ( cells organiz$ & work+ on diff]5t functions to "o gr& end1--coop]ation1 frat]nization1 division ( labor1 altruism1 etc4 ,! cell 0 ! fir/ inv5tion2 x is ! unit ( life1--a speck ( protoplasm ) a nucleus4 ,to educate ?is cell till x c\ld comb9e ) its fell[s & =m ! high] animals seems to h be5 ! aim ( ! creative en]gy4 ,fir/ ! cell1 !n comb9ations ( cells1 !n comb9ations ( comb9ations1 !n m & m complex comb9ations till ! body ( man is rea*$1 :]e endless confrat]nities ( cells1 all ) diff]5t functions1 work+ to build & su/a9 diff]5t organs1--bra91 he>t1 liv]1 muscles1 n]ves1--yet all work+ toge!r = "o gr& end--! body & m9d ( man4 ,9 _! la/ analysis1 all made up ( ! same cells--_! comb9ations & organization mak+ ! diff]5t =ms4 ,evolution t\*es all =ms b t>ries ) few4 ,_m are call$ b few are *os5--*os5 to lead ! man-impulse upw>d4 ,myriads ( =ms are left beh9d1 l driftwood caught 9 ! eddies ( a curr5t4 ,! clam has always rema9$ a clam1 ! oy/] rema9$ an oy/]4 ,! cockroa* is ab\t ! same creature to-day t x 0 untold aeons ago2 s is ! %>k1 & s are _m o!r =ms ( m>9e life4 ,(t5 :]e old species h gone out & new come 91 no progress has be5 made4 ,evolution conc5trates along c]ta9 l9es4 ,! biological tree behaves l ano!r tree1 bran*es die & drop (f 7species become ext9ct71 o!rs mature & rema91 :ile "s c5tral %oot pu%es upw>d4 ,_m ( ! huge reptilian & mammalian bran*es p]i%$ 9 comp>atively late times4 ,z no?+ is m evid5t ?an t ! same measure ( life or ( vital en]gy--p[] ( gr[?1 p[] ( resi/ance1 p[] ( reproduction--is n met$ out equally to all ! individuals ( a species1 or to all species1 s x is evid5t t ?is p[] ( progressive developm5t is n met$ out equally to all races ( mank9d1 or to all ( ! individuals ( ! same race4 ,! c5tral impulse ( developm5t seems to h come f ! ,ea/1 9 hi/oric times at lea/1 & to h foll[$ ! l9e ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 to h culm9at$ 9 ,europe4 ,& ?is progress has c]ta9ly be5 ! "w ( a few m9ds--m9ds exceptionally end[$4 ,= ! mo/ "p ! b>b>ian races d n progress4 ,_! exceptional m9ds or *>act]s d n lead ! tribes to high] planes ( ?\ght1 ,9 all c\ntries we /ill see ^! b>b>\s p :i* man 9 8 progress has left beh9d4 ,our civilization is l a field ( light t fades (f into %ad[s & d>kness4 ,!re is ?is m>g9 ( undevelop$ humanity on all sides4 ,always has x be5 s 9 ! animal life ( ! globe2 ! high] =ms h be5 pu%$ up f ! l[]1 & ! l[] h rema9$ & cont9u$ to multiply un*ang$4 ,x seems z if "s c5tral & *]i%$ impulse _h pu%$ on ?r\gh ea* =m1 & by successive /eps _h climb$ f height to height1 ga9+ a little "h & a little !re1 int5sify+ & conc5trat+ z "t w5t on1 v vague & diffuse at fir/1 embryonic s to speak1 dur+ ! fir/ half ( ! great geologic ye>1 b quick5+ m & m1 diff]5tiat+ m & m1 delay$ & defeat$ _m times1 no d\bt1 yet nev] de/roy$1 leav+ =m aft] =m un*ang$ beh9d x1 till x at la/ rea*$ its goal 9 man4 ,aft] evolution has done all x c d = u t[>d solv+ ! my/]y ( creation1 mu* rema9s unsolv$4 ,?r\gh evolution we see creation 9 travail-pa9s = millions ( ye>s to br+ =? ! v>i$ =ms ( life z we "k !m2 b ! my/]y ( ! inception ( ?is life1 & ( ! orig9 ( ! laws t h gov]n$ its developm5t1 rema9s4 ,:at lies back ( x all8 ,:o or :at plant$ ! g]m ( ! biological tree1 & pr$et]m9$ all its bran*es8 ,:at det]m9$ "o bran* to ev5tuate 9 man1 ano!r 9 ! dog1 ! horse1 ! bird1 or ! reptile8 ,f ! f9ite or human po9t ( view we feel compell$ to say "s va/] be+ or intellig5ce mu/ h _h ! ?\ght ( all ^! ?+s f ! beg9n+ or be=e ! beg9n+4 ,x is q impossible = me to believe t =tuit\s v>iation--v>iation all ar\nd ! circle--c\ld h result$ 9 ! evolution ( man4 ,!re mu/ h be5 a pr$et]m9$ t5d5cy to v>iation 9 c]ta9 directions4 ,to introduce *ance into ! _w is to introduce *aos4 ,no m w\ld ! wat]s ( ! int]iors ( ! cont95ts f9d _! way to ! sea1 7 !re n a slant 9 t direction1 ?an c\ld haphaz>d v>iation1 ?\gh *eck$ & controll$ by natural selection1 result 9 ! production ( ! race ( man4 ,?is view may be only ! outcome ( our inevitable an?ropomorphism :i* we _c escape f1 no matt] h[ deep we dive or high we so>4 ,,ii ,,! ,,div9e ,,abyss ,i ,9 mak+ ! j\rney to ! great ,s\?we/1--,colorado1 ,new ,mexico1 & ,arizona1--if "o does n "k 8 geology1 he is pretty sure to wi% he did1 !re is s mu* geology scatt]$ ov] all ^! ,s\?we/]n l&scapes1 cry+ al\d to be read4 ,! book ( e>?ly revelation1 z %[n by ! great sci5ce1 lies wide op5 9 t l&1 z x does 9 few o!r places on ! globe4 ,its leaves fairly flutt] 9 ! w9d1 & ! pr9t is s l>ge t he :o runs on ! ,cali=nia ,limit$ may read x4 ,n be+ able to read x at all1 or n tak+ any int]e/ 9 x1 is l go+ to ,rome or ,egypt or ,j]usalem1 kn[+ no?+ ( ! hi/ory ( ^? l&s4 ,( c\rse1 we h j z mu* geology 9 ! ,ea/ & ,middle ,we/1 b ! books are clos$ & seal$1 z x 71 by ! enorm\s lapse ( "t s9ce ^! portions ( ! cont95t became dry l&4 ,! erod+ & degrad+ =ces h ages s9ce pass$ ! m]idian ( _! day's "w1 & grass & v]dure hide _! foot/eps4 ,b 9 ! great ,we/ & ,s\?we/1 ! gods ( erosion & degradation seem yet 9 ! heat & burd5 ( ! day's toil4 ,_! unf9i%$ l&scapes meet ! eye on e h&4 ,_m ( ! m\nta9s look z if !y 7 block$ out b ye/]day1 & "o sees va/ nak$ flood-pla9s1 & pa9t$ des]ts & bad l&s & dry lake-bottoms1 t sugge/ a _w yet 9 ! mak+4 ,"s =ce has scalp$ ! hills1 gr\nd ! m\nta9s1 /rangl$ ! riv]s1 *annel$ ! pla9s1 laid b>e ! succession ( geologic ages1 /ripp+ (f =mation aft] =mation l a g>m5t1 or cutt+ away ! /rata ov] hundr$s ( squ>e miles1 z we pry a slab f a rock--& has done x all b ye/]day4 ,if we break ! slab 9 ! pry+1 & ?us secure only "p ( x1 leav+ an abrupt jagg$ edge on ! "p t rema9s1 we h /ill a bett] lik5ess ( ! "w ( ^! great geologic qu>rym54 ,b o!r workm51 invisible to our eyes1 h c>v$ ^! jagg$ edges into novel & beautiful =ms4 ,! ,ea/ is old1 old6 ! ,we/1 ) ! exception ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 is ( ye/]day 9 comp>ison4 ,! ,hudson 0 an anci5t riv] be=e ! ,mississippi 0 born1 & ! ,catskills 7 be+ sl[ly c>v$ f a va/ plateau :ile ! rocks t 7 to =m _m ( ! ,we/]n ranges 7 be+ laid d[n z s$im5t 9 ! bottom ( ! sea4 ,cali=nia is yet 9 h] te5s1 :ile ,new ,engl& 9 comp>ison is an octog5>ian4 ,j z mu* geology 9 ! ,ea/ z 9 ! ,we/1 did ,i say8 ,n z mu* visible geology1 n z mu* by _m *apt]s ( e>? hi/ory1 n z mu* by all ! lat] =mations1 by mo/ ( ! ,mesozoic & ,t]ti>y deposits4 ,! va/ s]ies ( s$im5t>y rocks s9ce ! ,c>bonif]\s age1 to say no?+ ( ! volcanic1 t make up ^! p]iods1 are l>gely want+ ea/ ( ! ,mississippi1 except 9 ,new ,j]sey & 9 "s ( ! ,gulf ,/ates4 ,!y are rec5t4 ,!y are l ! hi/ory ( our own p]iod comp>$ ) t ( ,egypt & ,judea4 ,x is ma9ly ^! lat] =mations--! ,p]mian1 ! ,jurassic1 ! ,triassic1 ! ,cretace\s1 ! ,eoc5e1--t give ! prevail+ features to ! ,s\?-we/]n l&scape t s a/oni% ,ea/]n eyes4 ,f !m come mo/ ( ! petrifi$ rema9s ( t great army ( ext9ct reptiles & mammals--! ?ree-to$ horse1 ! sabre-too!d tig]1 ! brontosaurus1 ! f9-back$ liz>d1 ! imp]ial mammo?1 ! v>i\s d9osaurs1 "s ( !m gigantic 9 =m & fe>ful 9 aspect--t ( late ye>s h appe>$ 9 our museums & t ?r[ s mu* light ^u ! hi/ory ( ! animal life ( ! globe4 ,mo/ ( ! s$im5t>y rocks ( ,new ,york & ,new ,engl& 7 laid d[n be=e ^! creatures exi/$4 ,n[ ,i am n go+ to write an essay on ! geology ( ! ,we/1 = ,i really h little fir/-h& k ^u t subject1 b ,i w\ld indicate ! k9d ( int]e/ 9 ! c\ntry ,i 0 mo/ consci\s ( dur+ my rec5t trip to ! ,pacific ,coa/ & beyond4 ,inde$1 q a geologic fev] rag$ 9 me mo/ ( ! "t4 ,! rocks attract$ me m ?an ! birds1 ! sculptur+ ( ! l&scapes engag$ my att5tion m ?an ! improvem5ts ( ! f>ms--:at ,nature _h done m ?an :at man 0 do+4 ,! purely sc5ic aspects ( ! c\ntry are c]ta9ly rem>kable1 & ! human aspects int]e/+1 b und]nea? ^! ?+s1 & /rik+ ?r\gh !m1 lies a va/ _w ( "t & *ange t to me is /ill m rem>kable1 & /ill m int]e/+4 ,i c\ld n look out ( ! c> w9d[s )\t see+ ! spectre ( geologic "t /alk+ across ! hills & pla9s4 ,z "o leaves ! prairie ,/ates & ne>s ! great ,s\?we/1 he f9ds ,nature 9 a new mood--%e is dream+ ( canyons2 bo? cliffs & soil h canyon /amp$ ^u !m1 s t y\r eye1 if al]t1 is sl[ly prep>$ = ! wond]s ( rock-c>v+ x is to see on ! ,colorado4 ,! canyon =m seems inh]5t 9 soil & rock4 ,! *annels ( ! little /reams are canyons1 v]tical sides ( adobe soil1 z deep z !y are broad1 rectangle grooves 9 ! gr\nd4 ,?r\gh all ?is arid region nature is abrupt1 angul>1 & sudd5--! pla9 squ>ely abutt+ ! cliff1 ! cliff wall+ ! canon2 ! dry wat]-c\rse sunk 9 ! pla9 l a c>p5t]'s groove into a plank4 ,cl\d & sky look ! same z at home1 b ! e>? is a new e>?--new geologically1 & new 9 ! l9es ( its l&scapes4 ,x seems by ! =ms %e develops t ,nature mu/ use tools t %e long s9ce disc>d$ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,%e works z if ) ! squ>e & ! saw & ! compass1 & uses implem5ts t cut l *isels & m\ld+-planes4 ,"r l9es1 well-def9$ angles1 & tablelike tops ( buttes & mesas alt]nate ) p]fect curves1 poli%$ domes1 c>v$ ne$les1 & flut$ esc>pm5ts4 ,9 ! features ( our old] l&scapes !re is little or no?+ t sugge/s ar*itectural =ms or eng9e]+ devices2 9 ! ,f> ,we/ "o sees su* =ms & devices ev]y:]e4 ,9 visit+ ! ,petrifi$ ,=e/s 9 nor!rn ,arizona we /ood on ! edge ( a great roll+ pla9 & look$ d[n ^u a wide1 deeply erod$ /ret* ( c\ntry bel[ u t sugge/$ a va/ army encampm5t1 cov]$ z x 0 ) great dome-%ap$1 t5t-l m\nds ( a light t]ra-cotta color1 ) op5 spaces l /reets or av5ues betwe5 !m4 ,!re 7 hundr$s or ?\s&s ( ^! e>?y t5ts /ret*+ away = tw5ty-five miles4 ,along ! horizon 0 a gigantic /ockade ( r$1 r\nd$ pill>s1 or a solid l9e ( mosque-l temples4 ,h[ unreal1 h[ spectral x all seem$6 ,n a s\nd or sign ( life 9 ! :ole pa9t$ solitude--a des]t$ camp1 or "o ^u :i* ! sil5ce ( dea? _h fall54 ,"h1 9 ,c>bonif]\s times1 grew ! gigantic f]n-l trees1 ! ,sigill>ia & ,lepidod5dron1 ^: petrifi$ trunks1 = aeons buri$ b5ea? ! deposit ( ! ,p]mian seas1 & !n1 dur+ o!r aeons1 sl[ly uncov]$ by ! g5tle action ( ! erod+ ra9s1 we saw scatt]$ on ! gr\nd4 ,y fir/ see ,nature beg9n+ to =m ! canon habit 9 ,colorado & mak+ prelim9>y /udies = h] ma/]piece1 ! ,gr& ,canon4 ,huge squ>e t[]s & truncat$ cones & ne$les & spires break ! horizon-l9es4 ,"h all h] wat]-c\rses1 wet or dry1 are deep grooves 9 ! soil1 ) /rik+ & pretty c>v+s & model+s adorn+ _! v]tical sides4 ,9 ! railway cuts y see ! same effects--m9iature domes & turrets & o!r canon features c>v$ out by ! ra9s4 ,! soil is massive & does n crumble l ours & seek ! angle ( repose2 x gives way 9 masses l a brick wall4 ,x is ar*itectural soil1 x seeks approximately ! "r angle--! level pla9 or ! v]tical wall4 ,x erodes easily "u runn+ wat]1 b x does n slide2 s& & clay are 9 su* proportions z to make a brittle b n a friable soil4 ,be=e y are out ( ,colorado1 y beg9 to see ^! novel ar*itectural features on ! horizon-l9e--! canon turn$ bottom side up1 z x 74 ,9 ,new ,mexico1 ! canon habit ( ! erosion =ces is /ill m pron\nc$4 ,! m\nta9-l9es are (t5 z ar*itectural 9 ! di/ance1 or arbitr>y1 z ! sky-l9e ( a city4 ,y may see :at y half p]suade y\rself is a huge brick build+ not*+ ! horizon1--an asylum1 a sem9>y1 a hotel1--b x is only a fragm5t ( r$ s&/one1 c>v$ out by w9d & ra94 ,pres5tly ! high colors ( ! rocks appe>--high cliffs ) t]ra-cotta facades1 & a new look 9 ! texture ( ! rocks1 a s(t1 beam+1 less fr[n+ expression1 & color$ z if by ! ,we/]n sunsets4 ,we are look+ ^u mu* y\ng] rocks geologically ?an we see at home1 & !y h ! t9ts & texture ( y\?4 ,! l&scape & ! m\nta9s look "y1 because !y look unf9i%$1 l a h\se half up4 ,! workm5 h b j knock$ (f "w to g to d9n]2 _! great tr5*es1 _! fre%ly op5$ qu>ries1 _! huge dumps1 _! f\ndations1 _! cyclopean masonry1 _! half-f9i%$ /ructures break+ ! horizon-l9es1 _! squ>e ga%es ?r\gh ! m\nta9s1--all impress ! eyes ( a travel] f ! ea/]n "p ( ! cont95t1 :]e ! e>?-build+ & e>?-c>v+ =ces f9i%$ _! "w ages ago4 ,,ii ,h5ce x is t :5 "o rea*es ! ,gr& canon ( ! ,colorado1 if he has kept 8 eyes & m9d op51 he is prep>$ to see /rik+ & unusual ?+s4 ,b he _c be fully prep>$ = j :at he does see1 no matt] h[ _m pictures ( x he may h se51 or h[ _m descriptions ( x he may h read4 ,a fri5d ( m9e :o took a lively int]e/ 9 my ,we/]n trip wrote me t he wi%$ he c\ld h be5 pres5t ) 8 kodak :5 we fir/ look$ ^u ! ,gr& ,canon4 ,did he ?9k he c\ld h got a picture ( our s\ls8 ,8 cam]a w\ld h %[n him only our sil5t1 motionless =ms z we /ood transfix$ by t fir/ view ( ! /up5d\s spectacle4 ,words d n come readily to "o's lips1 or ge/ures to "o's body1 9 ! pres5ce ( su* a sc5e4 ,"o ( my companions said t ! fir/ ?+ t came into h] m9d 0 ! old text1 ,be /ill1 & "k t ,i am ,god4 ,to be /ill on su* an occasion is ! easie/ ?+ 9 ! _w1 & to feel ! surge ( solemn & rev]5tial emotions is equally easy2 is1 inde$1 almo/ inevitable4 ,! imm5sity ( ! sc5e1 its tranquillity1 its ord]1 its /range1 new beauty1 & ! monum5tal "* ( its _m =ms--all ^! t5d to beget 9 ! behold] an attitude ( sil5t wond] & solemn admiration4 ,i wi%$ at ! mom5t t we might h be5 alone ) ! glori\s spectacle1--t we _h hit ^u an h\r :5 ! public _h gone to d9n]4 ,! smok+ & jok+ t\ri/s saunt]+ along 9 app>5t indiff]5ce1 or sitt+ ) _! backs to ! great geologic drama1 annoy$ me4 ,i pity ! p]son :o c gaze ^u ! spectacle unmov$4 ,"s are actually t]rifi$ by x4 ,i 0 told ( a /rong man1 an em95t lawy] f a ,we/]n city1 :o lit]ally fell to ! e>? at ! fir/ view1 & c\ld n aga9 be induc$ to look ^u x4 ,i saw a woman prone ^u ! gr\nd ne> ! br9k at ,hopi ,po9t1 weep+ sil5tly & long2 b f :at %e aft]w>d told me ,i "k x 0 n f t]ror or sorr[1 b f ! ov]p[]+ gladness ( ! ineffable beauty & h>mony ( ! sc5e4 ,x mov$ h] l ! gr&e/ music4 ,h] inebriate s\l c\ld f9d relief only 9 te>s4 ,h>riet ,monroe 0 s wr\ght up by ! fir/ view t %e says %e _h to fight aga9/ ! desp]ate temptation to fl+ h]self d[n into ! s(t abyss1 & ?us r$eem ! affront :i* ! v beat+ ( h] he>t _h (f]$ to ! inviolable solitude4 ,*>les ,dudley ,w>n] said ( x1 ,i exp]i5c$ = a mom5t an indescribable t]ror ( nature1 a confusion ( m9d1 a fe> to be alone 9 su* a pres5ce4 ,x is beautiful1 oh1 h[ beautiful6 b x is a beauty t awak5s a feel+ ( solemnity & awe4 ,we call x ! ,div9e ,abyss4 ,x seems z mu* ( heav5 z ( e>?4 ,( ! _m descriptions ( x1 none seems adequate4 ,to rave ov] x1 or to p\r into x a torr5t ( sup]latives1 is ( little avail4 ,my companion came ne>] ! m>k :5 %e quietly repeat$ f ,revelation1 ,& he c>ri$ me away 9 ! _s to a great & high m\nta91 & %ew$ me t great city1 ! holy ,j]usalem4 ,x does1 inde$1 sugge/ a f>-(f1 half-sacr$ antiquity1 "s great] ,j]usalem1 ,egypt1 ,babylon1 or ,india4 ,we speak ( x z a sc5e3 x is m l a vision1 s =eign is x to all o!r t]re/rial spectacles1 & s surpass+ly beautiful4 ,to ord9>y folk ! sight is s extraord9>y1 s unlike ev]y?+ "o's exp]i5ce has yield$1 & s unlike ! results ( ! usual haphaz>d work+ ( ! bl9d =ces ( nature1 t ,i did n wond] :5 p :om ,i met on ! rim ask$ me :at ,i suppos$ did all ?is4 ,i c\ld ev5 sympa?ize ) ! rem>k ( an old woman visitor :o is report$ to h said t %e ?\ght !y _h built ! canon too ne> ! hotel4 ,! enorm\s cleavage :i* ! canon %[s1 ! abrupt drop f ! br9k ( ?\s&s ( feet1 ! %e] faces ( p]p5dicul> walls ( dizzy height1 give at fir/ ! impression t x is all ! "w ( "s titanic qu>ryman1 :o mu/ h remov$ cubic miles ( /rata z we remove cubic y>ds ( e>?4 ,g out to ,hopi ,po9t or ,o',neil's ,po9t1 &1 z y em]ge f ! woods1 y get a glimpse ( a blue or rose-purple gulf op5+ be=e y4 ,! solid gr\nd ceases sudd5ly1 & an a]ial p]spective1 va/ & allur+1 takes its place2 ano!r heav51 c\nt]sunk 9 ! e>?1 transfixes y on ! br9k4 ,great ,god6 ,i c fancy ! fir/ behold] ( x say+1 :at is ?is8 ,d ,i behold ! transfiguration ( ! e>?8 ,has ! solid gr\nd melt$ into ?9 air8 ,is !re a firmam5t bel[ z well z above8 ,has ! e>? veil at la/ be5 torn aside1 & ! r$ he>t ( ! globe be5 laid b>e8 ,if ?is fir/ witness 0 n at once ov]come by ! beauty ( ! e>?ly revelation be=e him1 or t]rifi$ by its /rang5ess & p[]1 he mu/ h /ood long1 aw$1 spellb\nd1 spee*less ) a/oni%m5t1 & ?rill$ ) delight4 ,he may h se5 va/ & glori\s prospects f m\nta9tops1 he may h look$ d[n ^u ! e>? & se5 x unroll l a map be=e him2 b he _h nev] be=e look$ into ! e>? z ?r\gh a mighty w9d[ or op5 door1 & beheld dep?s & gulfs ( space1 ) _! atmosph]ic veils & illusions & va/ p]spectives1 su* z he _h se5 f m\nta9-summits1 b ) a weal? ( color & a sugge/ion ( ar*itectural & monum5tal rema9s1 & a /range1 almo/ une>?ly beauty1 su* z no m\nta9-view c\ld ev] h af=d$ him4 ,?ree features ( ! canon /rike "o at once3 its unp>allel$ magnitude1 its ar*itectural =ms & sugge/ions1 & its opul5ce ( color effects--a *asm ne>ly a mile deep & f t5 to tw5ty miles wide1 9 :i* ,niag>a w\ld be only z a picture ^u y\r walls1 9 :i* ! ,pyramids1 se5 f ! rim1 w\ld appe> only l l>ge t5ts1 9 :i* ! l>ge/ build+ ^u ! e>? w\ld dw9dle to insignificant proportions4 ,!re are amphi!atres & mighty aisles eight miles long & ?ree or f\r miles wide & ?ree or f\r ?\s& feet deep4 ,!re are room-l spaces eight hundr$ feet high2 !re are well-def9$ alcoves ) op5+s a mile wide2 !re are ni*es six hundr$ feet high ov]hung by ar*$ l9tels2 !re are p9nacles & rude /atues f "o hundr$ to two hundr$ feet high4 ,"h ,i am runn+ at once into allusions to ! ar*itectural features & sugge/ions ( ! canon1 :i* mu/ play a prom95t "p 9 all fai?ful attempts to describe x4 ,!re are huge1 truncat$ t[]s1 va/1 horizontal m\ld+s2 !re is ! semblance ( balu/rades on ! summit ( a noble facade4 ,9 "o ( ! imm5se halls we saw1 on an elevat$ plat=m1 ! outl9es ( ?ree enorm\s *airs1 fifty feet or m high1 & beh9d & above !m ! sugge/ion ( ?ree m *airs 9 p>tial ru94 ,inde$1 !re is su* an opul5ce ( ar*itectural =ms 9 ?is div9e abyss z "o has nev] be=e dream$ ( see+ wr\ght by ! bl9d =ces ( nature4 ,^! =ces h "h =e%ad[$ all ! noble/ ar*itecture ( ! _w4 ,_m ( ! va/ c>v$ & ornam5tal masses :i* div]sify ! canon h be5 fitly nam$ temples1 z ,%iva's ,temple1 a mile high1 c>v$ out ( ! r$ ,c>bonif]\s lime/one1 & rem>kably symmetrical 9 its outl9es4 ,ne> x is ! ,temple ( ,isis1 ! ,temple ( ,osiris1 ! ,buddha ,temple1 ! ,horus ,temple1 & ! ,pyramid ( ,*eops4 ,f>!r to ! ea/ is ! ,diva ,temple1 ! ,brahma ,temple1 ! ,temple ( ,zoroa/]1 & ! ,tomb ( ,od94 ,inde$1 ev]y:]e are !re sugge/ions ( temples & tombs1 pagodas & pyramids1 on a scale t no "w ( human h&s c rival4 ,! gr&e/ objects1 says ,major ,dutton1 are m]g$ 9 a congregation ( o!rs equally gr&4 ,) ! weal? ( =m goes a weal? ( color4 ,nev]1 ,i v5ture to say1 7 r$s & br[ns & grays & v]milions m appeal+ to ! eye ?an !y are z !y s(tly gl[ 9 ?is great canyon4 ,! color-s*eme runs f ! d>k1 sombre hue ( ! gneiss at ! bottom1 up ?r\gh ! yell[i% br[n ( ! ,cambrian lay]s1 & on up ?r\gh sev5 or eight broad b&s ( v>y+ t9ts ( r$ & v]milion1 to ! broad yell[i%-gray at ! top4 ,,iii ,! nor? side ( ! canyon has be5 mu* m deeply & elaborately c>v$ ?an ! s\? side2 mo/ ( ! great ar*itectural features are on ! nor? side--! huge temples & =tresses & amphi!atres4 ,! /rata dip v g5tly to ! nor? & nor!a/1 :ile ! slope ( ! surface is to ! s\? & s\!a/4 ,?is has caus$ ! dra9age f ! great nor!rn plateaus to fl[ into ! canyon & ?us cut & c>ve ! nor? side z we behold x4 ,! visitor /&+ ^u ! s\? side looks across ! great *asm ^u ! bewild]+ maze ( monum5tal =ms1 "s ( !m z sugge/ive ( human workman%ip z any?+ 9 nature well c be1 --crumbl+ turrets & f\ndations1 =ms z di/9ctly squ>e z any "w ( man's h&s1 va/ =tress-l /ructures ) sali5ts & ent]+ angles & w+ walls resi/+ ! siege ( "t1 huge pyramidal piles ris+ /ory on /ory1 ?ree ?\s& feet or m above _! f\ndations1 ea* successive /ory or sup]/ructure fac$ by a huge v]tical wall :i* rises f a slop+ talus t connects x ) ! /ory next bel[4 ,! slopes or taluses repres5t ! s(t] rock1 ! v]tical walls ! h>d] lay]s4 ,usually f\r or five ( ^! rec$+ /ories make up ea* temple or pyramid4 ,"s ( ! l>g] /ructures %[ all ! /rata f ! cap ( light ,c>bonif]\s lime/one at ! top to ! gray ,cambrian s&/one at ! bottom4 ,f o!rs1 su* z ! ,temple ( ,isis1 all ! upp] =mations are gone ) a pile ( dis9tegrat$ r$ s&/one1 l a mass ( brick du/ on ! top :]e ! fragm5t ( ! old r$ wall made its la/ /&4 ,9 ^? masses1 :i* are /ill cr[n$ ) ! light gray lime/one1 "o sees h[ surely ! process ( dis9tegration is go+ on by ! fragm5ts & debris ( light gray rock1 l ! *ips ( giant workm51 t /rew ! deep]-color$ slopes bel[ !m4 ,^! fragm5ts fade out z ! eye drops d[n ! slopes1 z if !y _h melt$ l bits ( ice4 ,inde$1 ! melt+ ( ice & ! dissolution ( a rock d n diff] mu* except t "o is v rapid & ! o!r inf9itely sl[4 ,9 "t 7n man's "t1 b ! ,"l's "t71 all ^! light masses t cap ! huge temples w be wea!r$ away1 yea1 & all ! va/ r$ lay]s b5ea? !m1 & ! huge /ructures w be sl[ly consum$ by "t4 ,! ,colorado ,riv] w c>ry _! a%es to ! sea1 & :]e !y once /ood w be se5 gray1 des]t-l plateaus4 ,_! outl9es n[ /& out l skeletons f :i* ! fle% has be5 remov$--%>p1 angul>1 obtrusive1 b b\nd toge!r z by ligam5ts ( granite4 ,! too? ( "t gnaws at !m day & night & has be5 gnaw+ = ?\s&s ( c5turies1 s t 9 "s cases only _! /umps rema94 ,f ! ,temple ( ,isis & ! ,tomb ( ,od9 ! two or ?ree upp] /ories are gone4 ,on ! next page is ! gr\nd plan ( ! ,temple ( ,isis1 ab\t tw5ty-five hundr$ feet high4 ,! fir/ /ory is ab\t a ?\s& feet2 ! second1 ?ree hundr$ & fifty feet2 ! ?ird1 "o hundr$ & fifty feet2 ! f\r?1 five hundr$ feet2 & ! fif?1 five hundr$ feet4 ,! f9i% at ! top %[s z a heavy crumbl+ wall1 probably "o hundr$ feet or m high4 ,h[ ! mass seems to be resi/+ ! siege ( "t1 ?r[+ out its sali5ts "h & !re1 & meet+ ! onset ( ! foes l a milit>y eng9e]4 ,! pyramidal =m ( ^! rock-masses is acc\nt$ = by ! fact t !y 7 c>v$ out f ! top d[nw>d1 & t ea* successive /ory is va/ly old] ?an ! "o imm$iately b5ea? x4 ,! erosive =ces h be5 work+ :ole geologic ages long] on ! top lay] ( rock ?an on ! bottom lay]2 h5ce ! topmo/ ones are entirely gone or else r$uc$ to small dim5sions4 ,b :at feature or quality ( ! rock x is t l5ds itself s readily or s inevitably to ^! ar*itectural =ms--! f\r squ>e f\ndations1 ! end pila/]s & balu/rades1 & s on--is to me n s cle>4 ,! peculi> rectangul> jo9t+s1 ! alt]nation ( s(t & h>d lay]s1 ! ne>ly horizontal /rata1 & o!r ?+s1 no d\bt1 ent] into ! problem4 ,_m ( ^! features are f\nd 9 our old] geology ( ! ,ea/1 z 9 ! ,catskills --horizontal /rata1 h>d & s(t lay]s alt]nat+1 b ) ! v]tical jo9t+ less pron\nc$2 h5ce ! ,catskills h few canon-l valleys1 ?\gh !re are "h & !re huge ga%es ?r\gh ! m\nta9s t give a canon effect1 & !re are gigantic walls high up on ! face ( "s ( ! m\nta9s t sugge/ "o side ( a mighty canon4 ,9 ! climate ( ! ,catskills ! rock-masses ( ! ,colorado w\ld crumble mu* m rapidly ?an !y d "h4 ,! l9es ( _m ( ^! natural temples or =tresses are /ill m l5g!n$ & att5uat$ ?an ^? ( ! ,temple ( ,isis1 appe>+ l m]e skeletons ( _! =m] selves4 ,! =ms t wea!r out ! =mation above ?is1 ! ,p]mian1 appe> to be m rotund1 & t5d m to domes & r\nd$ hills4 ,"o ( ! mo/ surpris+ features ( ! ,gr& canon is its cleanness--its fre$om f debris4 ,x is a home ( ! gods1 swept & g>ni%$2 no litt] or confusion or fragm5ts ( fall5 & brok5 rocky walls any:]e4 ,^? va/ slop+ taluses are z clean z a mead[2 r>ely at ! foot ( ! huge v]tical walls d y see a fragm5t ( fall5 rock4 ,x is z if ! processes ( erosion & degradation 7 z g5tle z ! dews & ! sn[s1 & c>v$ out ?is mighty abyss gra9 by gra91 :i* has probably be5 ! case4 ,t mu* ( ?is r$ s&/one1 f ! am\nt ( iron x conta9s1 or f "s o!r cause1 dis9tegrates easily & rapidly1 is v obvi\s4 ,look+ d[n f ,hopi ,po9t ^u a va/ ridge call$ ! ,man-(-,w>1 "o sees on ! top1 :]e once !re mu/ h be5 a huge wall ( rock1 a long level area ( r$ soil t sugge/s a g>d51 ! m s because x is regul>ly divid$ up into sections by /raight l9es ( huge /one plac$ z if by ! h&s ( man4 ,"o's s5se ( ! dep?s ( ! canyon is s great t x almo/ makes "o dizzy to see ! little birds fly out ov] x1 or plunge d[n into x4 ,"o seems to fe> t !y too w get dizzy & fall to ! bottom4 ,we wat*$ a l9e ( t\ri/s on mules creep+ along ! trail across ! inn] plateau1 & ! unaid$ eye _h tr\ble to hold !m2 !y look$ l little r$ ants4 ,! eye has m difficulty 9 e/imat+ sizes & di/ances b5ea? x ?an :5 !y are above or on a level ) x1 because x is s mu* less famili> ) dep? ?an ) height or lat]al dim5sions4 ,ano!r rem>kable & unexpect$ feature ( ! canyon is its look ( ord]$ /r5g?4 ,ne>ly all ! l9es are l9es ( greate/ /r5g?4 ,! prevail+ pr(ile l9e ev]y:]e is t %[n h]e)4 ,! upright l9es repres5t l9es ( cyclopean masonry1 & ! slant is ! talus t connects !m1 cov]$ ) a %ort1 sage-color$ gr[? ( "s k9d1 & z s(t to ! eye z ! turf ( our fields4 ,! simple1 /rong /ructural l9es ass]t !mselves ev]y:]e1 & give t look ( repose & security *>act]i/ic ( ! sc5e4 ,! rocky =ces always seem to retreat 9 good ord] be=e ! onslaught ( "t2 !re is nei!r r\t nor confusion2 ev]y:]e !y pres5t a calm upright front to ! foe4 ,& ! fall5 f _! ranks1 :]e are !y8 ,a clean] battlefield betwe5 ! =ces ( nature "o r>ely sees4 ,! weak] portions are1 ( c\rse1 con/antly giv+ way4 ,! elem5ts incessantly lay siege to ^! =tresses & take advantage ( e flaw or ungu>d$ po9t1 s t :at /&s has be5 sev5 times1 yea1 sev5ty times sev5 times te/$1 & h5ce gives ! impression ( impregnable /r5g?4 ,! angles & curves1 ! t]races & f\ndations1 seem to be ! "w ( "s ma/] eng9e]1 ) only "h & !re a toppl+ rock4 ,i 0 puzzl$ to expla9 to myself ! reason ( a c]ta9 fri5dly & famili> look :i* ! great abyss _h = me4 ,"o sees or feels at a glance t x 0 n born ( ! ?roes & convulsions ( nature--( e>?quake %ock or volcanic explosion4 ,x does n sugge/ ! cru% ( matt] & ! wreck ( worlds4 ,cle>ly x is ! "w ( ! m g5tle & b5efic5t =ces4 ,?is probably acc\nts = ! fri5dly look4 ,"s ( ! inn] slopes & plateaus seem$ l famili> gr\nd to me3 ,i mu/ h play$ ^u !m :5 a s*ool-boy4 ,bright ,angel ,creek1 = "s inexplicable reason1 recall$ a favorite tr\t-/ream ( my native hills1 & ! old ,cambrian plateau t edges ! inn] *asm1 z we look$ d[n ^u x f ne>ly f\r ?\s& feet above1 look$ l ! br[n mead[ :]e we play$ ball 9 ! old s*ool-days1 fri5dly1 t5d]1 famili>1 9 its slopes & t]races1 9 its t9ts & bask+ sun%9e1 b gr& & awe-inspir+ 9 its dep?s1 its huge walls1 & its t]rific precipices4 ,! geologi/s are agre$ t ! canyon is only ( ye/]day 9 geologic "t1--! ,middle ,t]ti>y1--& yet behold ! duration ( t ye/]day z "h reveal$1 probably a million ye>s or m6 ,we c no m =m any conception ( su* "t ?an we c ( ! size ( ! sun or ( ! di/ance ( ! fix$ />s4 ,! =ces t did all ?is va/ delv+ & sculptur+--! air1 ! ra9s1 ! fro/1 ! sun%9e--are z active n[ z !y ev] 72 b _! activity is a k9d ( slumb]+ t r>ely makes a sign4 ,only at long int]vals is ! sil5ce ( any "p ( ! pr(\nd abyss brok5 by ! fall ( loos5$ rocks or slid+ talus4 ,we ourselves saw :]e a huge spl9t] ( rock _h rec5tly dropp$ f ! face ( ! cliff4 ,9 "t ^! loos5$ masses disappe>1 z if !y melt$ l ice4 ,a city n made ) h&s1 b z surely n et]nal 9 ! e>?6 ,9 our humid & sev]e ,ea/]n climate1 fro/ & ice & heavyra9s work+ toge!r1 all ^! ar*itectural =ms w\ld h crumbl$ long ago1 & f]tile fields or hill-slopes w\ld h tak5 _! place4 ,9 ! old] ,hawaiian ,isl&s1 :i* probably also date f ,t]ti>y times1 ! ra9s h c>v$ enorm\s canons & amphi!atres out ( ! h>d volcanic rock1 9 "s places gr9d+ ! m\nta9s to su* a ?9 edge t a man may lit]ally sit a/ride !m1 ea* leg po9t+ into opposite valleys4 ,9 ! next geologic age1 ! temples & monum5ts ( ! ,gr& ,canon w h l>gely disappe>$1 & ! /up5d\s spectacle w be ma9ly a ?+ ( ! pa/4 ,x seems to take millions ( ye>s to tame a m\nta91 to curb its rude1 savage p[]1 to s(t5 its outl9es1 & br+ f]tility out ( ! elem5tal crud5ess & b>r5ness4 ,b "t & ! g5tle ra9s ( heav5 w d x1 z !y h done x 9 ! ,ea/1 & z !y are fa/ do+ x 9 ! ,we/4 ,an old guide ) :om ,i talk$1 :o _h liv$ 9 & ab\t ! canon = tw5ty-six ye>s1 said1 ,:ile we h be5 sitt+ "h1 ! canon has wid5$ & deep5$2 :i* 01 ( c\rse1 ! lit]al tru?1 ! ma!matical tru?1 b ! wid5+ & deep5+ c\ld n h be5 appreh5d$ by human s5se4 ,our little span ( human life is f> too n>r[ = u to be a witness ( any ( ! great e>? *anges4 ,^! *anges are s sl[1--oh1 s sl[1--& human hi/ory is s brief4 ,s f> z we are conc]n$1 ! gods ( ! e>? sit 9 c\ncil beh9d clos$ doors4 ,all ! pr(\nd1 =mative1 _w-%ap+ =ces ( nature g on 9 a realm t we c rea* only ?r\gh our imag9ations4 ,!y s f> transc5d our human exp]i5ces t x requires an act ( fai? to appreh5d !m4 ,! repose ( ! hills & ! m\nta9s1 h[ pr(\nd6 yet !y may be ris+ or s9k+ be=e our v eyes1 & we detect no sign4 ,only on exceptional occasions1 dur+ e>?quakes or volcanic eruptions1 is _! dreamless slumb] rudely di/urb$4 ,geologi/s tell u t f ! great plateau 9 :i* ! ,gr& ,canon is cut1 lay]s ( rock _m ?\s&s ( feet ?ick 7 cut away be=e ! canon 0 begun4 ,/>t+ f ! high plateau ( ,utah1 & go+ s\? t[>d ! canon1 we desc5d a gr& geologic /airway1 e %elf or tread ( :i* consi/s ( diff]5t =mations fifty or m miles broad1 f ! ,eoc5e1 at an altitude ( ov] t5 ?\s& feet at ! />t1 across ! ,cretace\s1 ! ,jurassic1 ! ,triassic1 ! ,p]mian1 to ! ,c>bonif]\s1 :i* is ! bottom or l&+ ( ! ,gr& ,canon plateau at an altitude ( ab\t five ?\s& feet4 ,ea* /ep t]m9ates m or less abruptly1 ! fir/ by a drop ( eight hundr$ feet1 ornam5t$ by r[s ( squ>e obelisks & pila/]s ( uni=m patt]n & dim5sion1 giv+ ! effect1 says ,major ,dutton1 ( a gigantic colonnade f :i* ! entablature has be5 remov$ or has fall5 9 ru9s4 ,! next /ep1 or plat=m1 ! ,cretace\s1 slopes d[n gradually or dies out on ! /ep b5ea? x2 !n comes ! ,jurassic1 :i* ends 9 :ite s&/one cliffs sev]al hundr$ feet high2 !n ! ,triassic1 :i* ends 9 ! fam\s v]milion cliffs ?\s&s ( feet high1 mo/ /rik+ 9 color & 9 =m2 !n ! ,p]mian tread1 :i* also ends 9 /rik+ cliffs1 ) _! own /yle ( color & ar*itecture2 &1 la/ly1 ! great ,c>bonif]\s plat=m 9 :i* ! canon itself is c>v$4 ,n[1 all ^! v>i\s /rata above ! canon1 mak+ at "o "t a ?ickness ( ov] a mile1 7 worn away 9 ,plioc5e times1 be=e ! cutt+ ( ! ,gr& ,canon began4 ,_h !y rema9$1 & be5 cut ?r\gh1 we %\ld h _h a *asm two miles deep in/ead ( "o mile4 ,! cutt+ p[] ( a l>ge1 rapid volume ( wat]1 l ! ,colorado1 *>g$ ) s& & gravel1 is v great4 ,accord+ to ,major ,dutton1 9 ! hydraulic m9es ( ,cali=nia1 ! escap+ wat] has be5 kn[n to cut a *asm f twelve to tw5ty feet deep 9 h>d basaltic rock1 9 a s+le ye>4 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 exceptional1 b !re h1 no d\bt1 be5 times :5 ! ,colorado cut d[nw>d v rapidly4 ,! enorm\s wea!r+ ( its side walls is to me ! m wond]ful1 probably because ! =ces t h a*iev$ ?is task are sil5t & invisible1 &1 s f> z our exp]i5ce goes1 s inf9itely sl[ 9 _! action4 ,! riv] is a trem5d\s ma*9e = gr9d+ & saw+ & transport+1 b ! ra9s & ! fro/ & ! air & ! sunbeams smite ! rocks z ) weapons ( d[n1 & "o is naturally incr$ul\s z to _! de/ructive effects4 ,"s ( ! small] riv]s 9 ! plateau region fl[ 9 v deep b v n>r[ canons4 ,! rocks be+ h>d] & m homog5e\s1 ! wea!r+ has be5 slight4 ,! meteoric =ces h n tak5 a h& 9 ! game4 ,?us ! ,p>unuweap ,canon is only tw5ty to ?irty feet wide1 b f six hundr$ to fifte5 hundr$ feet deep4 ,i suppose ! sl[1 inappreciable erosion to :i* ! old guide allud$ w\ld h cut ! canon s9ce ,middle ,t]ti>y times4 ,! riv]1 eat+ d[nw>d at ! rate ( "o sixte5? ( an in* a ye>1 w\ld d x 9 ab\t "o million ye>s4 ,at half t rate x w\ld d x 9 d\ble t "t4 ,9 ! e>li] "p ( its hi/ory1 :5 ! ra9fall 0 d\btless great]1 & ! riv] full]1 ! erosion mu/ h be5 mu* m rapid ?an x is at pres5t4 ,! wid5+ ( ! canon 0 d\btless a sl[] process ?an ! d[nw>d cutt+4 ,b1 z ,i h said1 ! d[nw>d cutt+ w\ld t5d to *eck itself f age to age1 :ile ! wid5+ process w\ld g /eadily =w>d4 ,h5ce1 :5 we look into ! great abyss1 we h only to rememb] ! enorm\s l5g? ( "t t ! a]ial & suba]ial =ces h be5 at "w to acc\nt = x4 ,two =ces1 or k9ds ( =ces1 h work$ toge!r 9 excavat+ ! canon3 ! riv]1 :i* is ! prim>y factor1 & ! meteoric =ces1 :i* may be call$ ! second>y1 z !y foll[ 9 ! wake ( ! =m]4 ,! riv] />ts ! ga% d[nw>d1 !n ! a]ial =ces beg9 to eat into ! sides4 ,act+ alone1 ! riv] w\ld cut a tr5* its own wid?1 & 7 ! rocks ?r\gh :i* x saws "o homog5e\s mass1 or ( uni=m texture & h>dness1 ! wid? ( ! tr5* w\ld probably h be5 v uni=m & mu* less ?an x is n[4 ,! condition t has contribut$ to its great wid? is ! het]og5eity ( ! diff]5t =mations--"s h>d & "s s(t4 ,! s(t] b&s1 ( c\rse1 introduce ! elem5t ( weakness4 ,!y decay & crumble ! m rapidly1 & ?us und]m9e ! h>d] b&s ov]ly+ !m1 :i*1 by reason ( _! v]tical fractures1 break (f & fall to ! bottom1 :]e !y are expos$ to ! action ( floods & are soon] or lat] gr\nd up 9 ! riv]'s p[]ful maw4 ,h5ce ! recession ( ! banks ( ! canon has gone /eadily on ) ! d[nw>d cutt+ ( ! riv]4 ,:]e ! rock is homog5e\s1 z x is 9 ! inn] *asm ( ! d>k gneiss1 ! wid5+ process seems to h gone on mu* m sl[ly4 ,geologi/s acc\nt = ! great wid? ( ! ma9 *asm :5 comp>$ ) ! dep?1 on ! !ory t ! =ces t "w lat]ally h be5 m cont9u\sly active ?an has ! =ce t cuts d[nw>d4 ,!re is conv9c+ evid5ce t ! :ole region has be5 _m times lift$ up s9ce ! cutt+ began1 s t ! riv] has _h its active & passive /ages4 ,z its *annel approa*$ ! sea level1 its curr5t w\ld be mu* less rapid1 & ! d[nw>d cutt+ w\ld practically cease1 till ! section 0 elevat$ aga94 ,b all ! "t ! =ces work+ lat]ally w\ld be at "w )\t int]ruption1 & w\ld ?us ga9 on _! *eck$ bre?r5 ( ! riv] bottom4 ,!re is probably ano!r explanation ( :at we see "h4 ,ap>t f ! me*anical wea!r+ ( ! rocks z a result ( ! arid climate1 :]e9 rapid & (t5 extreme *anges ( temp]ature take place1 caus+ ! surface ( ! rocks to flake or scale (f1 !re has d\btless be5 unusual *emical wea!r+1 & ?is has be5 l>gely br\ght ab\t by ! elem5t ( iron t all ^! rocks possess4 ,_! _m brilliant colors are imp>t$ to !m by ! v>i\s comp\nds ( iron :i* ent] into _! composition4 ,& iron1 ?\gh ! symbol ( h>dness & /r5g?1 is an elem5t ( weakness 9 rocks1 z x causes !m to oxidize or dis9tegrate m rapidly4 ,9 ! m>ble canon1 :]e app>5tly ! rock conta9s no iron1 ! lat]al erosion has be5 v little1 ?\gh ! riv] has cut a tr5* z deep z x has 9 o!r p>ts ( its c\rse4 ,h[ (t5 ,i ?\ght dur+ ^? days at ! canon ( ! geology ( my native hills amid ! ,catskills1 :i* %[ ! effects ( d5udation z mu* old] ?an t %[n "h z ?is is old] ?an ! wa%\t 9 ! road by ?is morn+'s %[]6 ,! old r$ s&/one 9 :i* ,i ho$ corn z a f>m-boy dates back to ,middle ,palaeozoic "t1 or to ! spr+ ( ! great geologic ye>1 :ile ! canon is ( ! late autumn4 ,c\ld my native hills h repli$ to my mute que/ion+s1 !y w\ld h said3 ,we 7 old1 old1 & _h pass$ ?r\gh ! canon /age long be=e ! ,gr& ,canon 0 born4 ,we h _h all t exp]i5ce1 & h =gott5 x ages ago4 ,no ve/iges ( our canons rema94 ,!y h all be5 worn d[n & oblit]at$ by ! /rokes ( a h& z g5tle z t ( a pass+ cl\d4 ,:]e !y 71 are n[ broad1 f]tile valleys1 ) r\nd$ knolls & g5tle slopes1 & ! s\nd ( peaceful husb&ry4 ,! great ice %eet rubb$ u & pl\gh$ u1 b our cont\rs 7 g5tle & r\nd$ aeons be=e t ev5t4 ,:5 ! ,gr& ,canon is z old z we are1 all its sup]b ar*itectural features w h long s9ce disappe>$1 its gigantic walls w h crumbl$1 & roll+ pla9s & g5tle valleys w h tak5 its place4 ,all ( :i* seems q probable4 ,) "t en\gh1 ! g5tle =ces ( air & wat] w surely *ange ! :ole aspect ( ?is trem5d\s *asm4 ,on ! second day we made ! desc5t into ! canon on mule-back4 ,!re is always satisfaction 9 go+ to ! bottom ( ?+s4 ,!n we want$ to get on m intimate t]ms ) ! great abyss1 to wre/le ) x1 if ne$ be1 & to feel its p[]1 z well z to behold x4 ,x is n be/ always to dwell ^u ! rim ( ?+s or to look d[n ^u !m f af>4 ,! summits are good1 b ! valleys h _! *>m1 also2 ev5 ! valley ( humiliation has its lessons4 ,at any rate1 f\r ( u 7 unanim\s 9 our desire to s\nd t va/ pr(\nd on mule-back1 tru/+ t ! return trip w\ld satisfy our climb+ aspirations1 z x did4 ,x is q wor? :ile to g d[n into ! canon on mule-back1 if only to fall 9 love ) a mule1 & to le>n :at a sure-foot$1 c>eful1 & docile creature1 :5 he is on 8 good behavior1 a mule c be4 ,my mule 0 nam$ ,johnny1 & !re 0 soon a good und]/&+ betwe5 u4 ,i quickly le>n$ to turn ! :ole problem ( t p]il\s desc5t ov] to him4 ,he knew h[ to take ! %>p turns & n>r[ %elves ( t /eep zigzag mu* bett] ?an ,i did4 ,i d n fancy t ! ?\ght ( my safety 0 ,johnny's guid+ />2 8 solicitude /ruck ne>] home ?an t4 ,!re 0 mu* ice & sn[ on ! upp] "p ( ! trail1 & only ^? sl5d] little legs ( ,johnny's /ood betwe5 me & a tumble ( two or ?ree ?\s& feet4 ,h[ cauti\sly he felt 8 way ) 8 r\nd little feet1 z1 ) l[]$ head1 he seem$ to be scann+ ! trail critically6 ,only :5 he swung ar\nd ! %>p elb[s ( ! trail did 8 =efeet come ne> ! edge ( ! br9k4 ,only once or twice at su* times1 z we hung = a brea? above ! t]rible incl9e1 did ,i feel a slight %udd]4 ,"o ( my companions1 :o _h nev] be=e be5 ^u an animal's back1 s fell 9 love ) h] ,s&y t %e long$ = a trunk big en\gh 9 :i* to take him home ) h]4 ,x 0 m ?an wor? :ile to make ! desc5t to trav]se t ,cambrian plateau1 :i* f ! rim is se5 to fl[ out f ! base ( ! enorm\s cliffs to ! br9k ( ! inn] *asm1 look+ l "s s(t1 lav5d]-color$ c>pet or rug4 ,i _h nev] se5 ! ,cambrian rocks1 ! l[e/ ( ! /ratifi$ =mations1 nor set my foot ^u ,cambrian soil4 ,h5ce a new exp]i5ce 0 promis$ me4 ,rocky lay]s probably two or ?ree miles ?ick _h be5 worn away f ! old ,cambrian f\ndations1 & :5 ,i look$ d[n ^u t g5tly undulat+ plateau1 ! ?\ght ( ! et]nity ( "t :i* x repres5t$ t5d$ q z mu* to make me dizzy z did ! drop ( ne>ly f\r ?\s& feet4 ,we f\nd x gravelly & des]t-l1 cov]$ ) cacti1 l[ sagebru%1 & o!r gr[?s4 ,! dim trail l$ u to its edge1 :]e we c\ld look d[n into ! twelve-hundr$-foot ,v-%ap$ ga% :i* ! riv] _h cut into ! d>k1 crude-look+ ,ar*aean rock4 ,h[ di/9ctly x look$ l a new day 9 creation :]e ! horizontal1 yell[i%-gray b$s ( ! ,cambrian 7 laid d[n ^u ! d>k1 amorph\s1 & twi/$ old] granite6 ,h[ c>efully ! level /rata _h be5 fitt$ to ! %apeless mass b5ea? x6 ,x all look$ l ! "w ( a ma/] mason2 app>5tly y c\ld put ! po9t ( y\r knife :]e "o end$ & ! o!r began4 ,! old] rock sugge/$ *aos & turmoil2 ! o!r sugge/$ ord] & plan1 z if ! build] _h said1 ,n[ ^u ?is f\ndation we w build our h\se4 ,x is an int]e/+ fact1 ! full geologic significance ( :i* ,i suppose ,i d n appreciate1 t ! diff]5t =mations are usually m>k$ (f f "o ano!r 9 j ?is %>p way1 z if ea* "o 01 inde$1 ! "w ( a sep>ate day ( creation4 ,nature appe>s at long int]vals to turn ov] a new leaf & />t a new *apt] 9 h] great book4 ,! transition f "o geologic age to ano!r appe>s to be abrupt3 new colors1 new con/itu5ts1 new qualities appe> 9 ! rocks ) a sudd5ness h>d to reconcile ) ,lyell's doctr9e ( uni=mit>ianism1 j z new species appe> 9 ! life ( ! globe ) an abruptness h>d to reconcile ) ,d>w9's sl[ process ( natural selection4 ,is sudd5 mutation1 aft] all1 ! key to all ^! ph5om5a8 ,we ate our lun* on ! old ,cambrian table1 plac$ !re = u s long ago1 & gaz$ d[n ^u ! turbul5t riv] hid+ & reappe>+ 9 its labyr9?ian *annel s f> bel[ u4 ,x is wor? :ile to make ! desc5t 9 ord] to look ^u ! riv] :i* has be5 ! *ief qu>ryman 9 excavat+ ! canon1 & to f9d h[ inadequate x looks = ! "w ascrib$ to x4 ,view$ f :]e we sat1 ,i judg$ x to be =ty or fifty feet broad1 b ,i 0 assur$ t x 0 betwe5 two & ?ree hundr$ feet4 ,wat] & s& are ev] symbols ( in/ability & incon/ancy1 b let !m "w toge!r1 & !y saw ?r\gh m\nta9s1 & und]m9e ! f\ndations ( ! hills4 ,x is always wor? :ile to sit or kneel at ! feet ( gr&eur1 to look up into ! placid faces ( ! e>? gods & feel _! p[]1 & ! t\ri/ :o goes d[n into ! canon c]ta9ly has ?is privilege4 ,we did n br+ back 9 our h&s1 or 9 our hats1 ! glory t _h lur$ u f ! top1 b we seem$ to h be5 ne>] its s\rces1 & to h br\ght back a deep5$ s5se ( ! magnitude ( ! =ms1 & ( ! dep? ( ! *asm :i* we _h h]et(ore gaz$ ^u f a di/ance4 ,also we _h pluck$ ! fl[] ( safety f ! nettle dang]1 always an exhil>at+ ent]prise4 ,9 climb+ back1 my eye1 n[ %>p5$ by my geologic read+1 dwelt frequ5tly & long ^u ! horizon :]e t cross-b$d$ ,c>bonif]\s s&/one jo9s ! ,c>bonif]\s lime/one above x4 ,h[ mu* old] ! s&/one look$6 ,i c\ld n avoid ! impression t its surface mu/ h =m$ a plane ( erosion ages & ages be=e ! lime/one _h be5 laid d[n ^u x4 ,we _h left pl5ty ( ice & sn[ at ! top1 b 9 ! bottom we f\nd ! e>ly spr+ fl[]s bloom+1 & a settl] at :at is call$ ! ,indian ,g>d5s 0 plant+ 8 g>d54 ,"h ,i he>d ! song ( ! canon wr51 a new & v pleas+ bird-song to me4 ,i ?9k our dreams 7 some:at di/urb$ t night by ! impressions ( ! day1 b our day-dreams s9ce t "t h at lea/ be5 sweet] & m com=t+1 & ,i am sure t ! rema9d] ( our lives w be ! ri*] = our hav+ se5 ! ,gr& ,canon4 ,,iii ,,! ,,spell ,,( ,,! ,,yosemite ,i ,yosemite won my he>t at once1 z x seems to w9 ! he>ts ( all :o visit x4 ,9 my case _m ?+s help$ to d x1 b ,i am sure a rob91 ! fir/ ,i _h se5 s9ce leav+ home1 did 8 "p4 ,he /ruck ! "r note1 he br\ght ! sc5e home to me1 he suppli$ ! l9k ( association4 ,!re he 01 runn+ ov] ! grass or p]*+ on ! f5ce1 or s++ f a tree-top 9 ! old famili> way4 ,:]e ! rob9 is at home1 !re at home am ,i4 ,b _m o!r ?+s help$ to w9 my he>t to ! ,yosemite--! :ole "* ( ! sc5e1 n only its beauty & sublimity1 b ! air ( peace & protection1 & ( homelike seclusion t p]vades x2 ! *>m ( a nook1 a retreat1 comb9$ ) ! p[] & gr&eur ( nature 9 h] /]ne/ moods4 ,aft] pass+ f ! hotel at ,el ,portal along ! foam+ & ro>+ ,m]c$ ,riv]1 & amid ! tumbl$ confusion ( enorm\s granite b\ld]s %ak5 d[n f ! cliffs above1 y cross ! ?re%old ( ! great valley z into "s va/ h\se or hall c>v$ out ( ! m\nta9s1 & at once feel ! spell ( ! brood+ calm & %elt]$ seclusion t p]vades x4 ,y pass sudd5ly f ! tumultu\s1 ! *aotic1 into ! ord]$1 ! tranquil1 ! re/ful1 :i* seems enhanc$ by ! p[] & gr&eur t encompass !m ab\t4 ,y c h>dly be prep>$ = ! hu% t sudd5ly falls ^u ! riv] & = ! g5tle rural & sylvan "* ( mu* t surr\nds y2 ! peace ( ! fields1 ! seclusion ( ! woods1 ! privacy ( sunny glades1 ! en*antm5t ( falls & lucid wat]s1 ) a t\* ( human occupancy "h & !re--all ?is1 set 9 t enorm\s granite frame1 ?ree or f\r ?\s& feet high1 ornam5t$ ) domes & spires & peaks /ill high]1--x is all ?is t w9s y\r he>t & fills y\r imag9ation 9 ! ,yosemite4 ,z y ride or walk along ! w9d+ road up ! level valley amid ! noble p9es & spruces & oaks1 & pa/ ! groves & bits ( mead[ & ! camps ( _m t5ts1 & ! huge mossy granite b\ld]s "h & !re repos+ 9 ! %ade ( ! trees1 ) ! full1 cle>1 sil5t riv] w9d+ ?r\gh ! pla9 ne> y1 y are all ! "t aw>e ( ^? huge v]tical walls1 _! faces sc>r$ & ni*$1 /reak$ ) color1 or gli/5+ ) moi/ure1 & animat$ ) wat]falls1 ris+ up on ei!r h&1 ?\s&s ( feet high1 n ar*itectural1 or l some?+ build$1 b l ! sides & ! f\r corn]s ( ! globe itself4 ,:at an impression ( mass & ( p[] & ( gr&eur 9 repose filt]s into y z y walk along6 ,el ,capitan /&s !re %[+ its simple sweep+ l9es ?r\gh ! trees z y approa*1 l "o ( ! v]itable pill>s ( ! firmam5t4 ,h[ long we are ne>+ x & pass+ x6 ,x is s colossal t x seems ne> :ile x is yet f> (f4 ,x is s simple t ! eye takes 9 its nak$ gr&eur at a glance4 ,x dem&s ( y a new /&>d ( size :i* y _c at once produce4 ,x is z clean & smoo? z ! flank ( a horse1 & z pois$ & calm z a ,greek /atue4 ,x curves out t[>d ! base z if plant$ !re to resi/ ! pressure ( worlds--probably ! mo/ maje/ic s+le granite column or m\nta9 buttress on ! e>?4 ,its summit is ov] ?ree ?\s& feet above y4 ,across ! valley1 ne>ly opposite1 rise ! ,ca!dral ,rocks to ne>ly ! same height1 :ile f>!r along1 beyond ,el ,capitan1 ! ,?ree ,bro!rs %\ld] ! sky at ab\t ! same dizzy height4 ,ne> ! head ( ! great valley1 ,nor? ,dome1 p]fect 9 outl9e z if turn$ 9 a la!1 & its bro!r1 ! ,half ,dome 7or %all we say half-bro!r87 across ! valley1 look d[n ^u ,mirror ,lake f an altitude ( ov] f\r ?\s& feet4 ,^! domes sugge/ enorm\s granite bubbles if su* 7 possible pu%$ up f bel[ & reta9+ _! =ms ?r\gh ! va/ geologic ages4 ,( c\rse !y mu/ h wea!r$ enorm\sly1 b z ! rock seems to peel (f 9 conc5tric %eets1 _! =ms are pres]v$4 ,,ii ,"o w>m1 bright ,sunday ne> ! end ( ,april1 six ( u walk$ up f ! hotel to ,v]nal & ,nevada ,falls1 or z ne> to !m z we c\ld get1 & took our fill ( ! tumult ( foam+ wat]s /ruggl+ ) ! wreck ( huge granite cliffs3 s impassive & immobile ! rocks1 s impetu\s & reckless & det]m9$ ! onset ( ! wat]s1 till ! falls are rea*$1 :5 ! ob/ruct$ riv] seems to f9d ! escape & ! fre$om x 0 s eag]ly seek+4 ,bett] to be completely *ang$ into foam & spray by "o s+le leap ( six hundr$ feet into empty space1 ! riv] seems to say1 ?an be =ev] baffl$ & tortur$ & torn on ?is rack ( m]ciless b\ld]s4 ,we foll[$ ! zigzagg+ trail up ! /eep side ( ! valley1 t\*+ melt+ sn[-banks 9 its upp] c\rses1 pass+ huge granite rocks also melt+ 9 ! sl[ heat ( ! geologic ages1 paus+ to take 9 ! rugg$1 %aggy spruces & p9es t s5t9el$ ! m\nta9-sides "h & !re1 or re/+ our eyes ^u ,lib]ty ,cap1 :i* c>ries its sugge/ive =m a ?\s& feet or m above ! ,nevada ,fall4 ,:at beauty1 :at gr&eur att5d$ u t day6 ! wild tumult ( wat]s1 ! sn[-:ite falls1 ! motionless avalan*es ( granite rocks1 & ! nak$ granite %aft1 ,lib]ty ,cap1 dom9at+ all6 ,& t night1 too1 :5 we sat ar\nd a big camp-fire ne> our t5ts 9 ! valley1 & saw ! full moon come up & look d[n ^u u f beh9d ,s5t9el ,rock1 & he>d ! int]mitt5t boom+ ( ,yosemite ,falls sift+ ?r\gh ! spruce trees t t[]$ ar\nd u1 & felt ! t5d]1 brood+ _s ( ! great valley1 itself t\*$ to lyric int5sity by ! gr&eurs on e h&1 /eal 9 ^u u1 & possess our s\ls--surely t 0 a night none ( u c ev] =get4 ,z ,yosemite c /& ! broad1 se>*+ light ( midday & n be *eap5$1 s its en*antm5ts c /& ! light ( ! moon & ! />s & n be r5d]$ too vague & impalpable4 ,,iii ,go+ f ! ,gr& ,canon to ,yosemite is go+ f "o sublimity to ano!r ( a diff]5t ord]4 ,! canon is ! m /range1 une>?ly1 apocryphal1 appeals m to ! imag9ation1 & is ! m ov]:elm+ 9 its size1 its weal? ( color1 & its multitude ( sugge/ive =ms4 ,b = quiet maje/y & beauty1 ) a t\* ( ! sylvan & pa/oral1 too1 ,yosemite /&s alone4 ,"o c\ld live ) ,yosemite1 camp 9 x1 tramp 9 x1 w9t] & summ] 9 x1 & f9d nature 9 h] t5d] & human1 almo/ dome/ic moods1 z well z 9 h] gr& & au/]e4 ,b ,i d n ?9k "o c\ld ev] feel at home 9 or ne> ! ,gr& ,canon2 x is too unlike any?+ we h ev] kn[n ^u ! e>?2 x is l a vision ( "s /range colossal city uncov]$ f ! dep? ( geologic "t4 ,y may h come to x1 z we did1 f ! ,petrifi$ ,=e/s1 :]e y saw ! silicifi$ trunks ( ?\s&s ( gigantic trees or tree f]ns1 t grew millions ( ye>s ago1 mo/ ( !m uncov]$1 b _m ( !m protrud+ f banks ( clay & gravel1 & 9 _! int]iors ri* 9 all ! colors ( ! ra9b[1 & y wond] if y may n n[ be gaz+ ^u "s petrifi$ ant$iluvian city ( temples & holy places exhum$ by my/]i\s h&s & op5$ up to ! vulg> gaze ( to-day4 ,y look into x f above & f ano!r _w & y desc5d into x at y\r p]il4 ,yosemite y ent] z into a gigantic hall & make y\r own2 ! canon y gaze d[n ^u1 & are an ali51 :e!r y ent] x or n4 ,yosemite is c>v$ out ( ! mo/ maje/ic & endur+ ( all rocks1 granite2 ! ,gr& ,canon is c>v$ out ( "o ( ! mo/ beautiful1 b p]i%able1 r$ ,c>bonif]\s s&/one & lime/one4 ,!re is a maze ( beautiful & intricate l9es 9 ! latt]1 a wild]ness ( temple-l =ms & monum5tal rema9s1 & noble ar*itectural pr(iles t delight :ile !y bewild] ! eye4 ,yosemite has mu* great] simplicity1 & is mu* ne>] ! classic /&>d ( beauty4 ,its gr& & au/]e features pr$om9ate1 ( c\rse1 b und]nea? ^! & adorn+ !m are _m t\*es ( ! idyllic & ! picturesque4 ,its _m wat]falls flutt]+ l :ite lace aga9/ its v]tical granite walls1 its smoo?1 level floor1 its noble p9es & oaks1 its op5 glades1 its %elt]+ groves1 its bright1 cle>1 w9d+ riv]1 its s(t voice ( _m wat]s1 its fl[]s1 its birds1 its grass1 its v]dure1 ev5 its or*>ds ( bloom+ apple trees1 all inclos$ 9 ?is trem5d\s granite frame--:at an un=gettable picture x all makes1 :at a bl5d+ ( ! sublime & ! homelike & famili> x all is6 ,x is ! wat]falls t make ! granite alive1 & bur/+ into bloom z x 74 ,:at a t\* !y give6 h[ !y enliv5 ! sc5e6 ,:at music !y evoke f ^! h>ps ( /one6 ,! fir/ leap ( ,yosemite ,falls is sixte5 hundr$ feet--sixte5 hundr$ feet ( a compact mass ( sn[y rockets %oot+ d[nw>d & bur/+ into spray ar\nd :i* ra9b[s flit & hov]4 ,! next leap is f\r hundr$ feet1 & ! la/ six hundr$4 ,we tri$ to get ne> ! foot & inspect ! hidd5 recess 9 :i* ?is airy _s aga9 took on a m tangible =m ( /ill1 runn+ wat]1 b ! spray ov] a l>ge area fell l a summ] %[]1 dr5*+ ! trees & ! rocks1 & hold+ ! inquisitive t\ri/ (f at a safe di/ance4 ,we _h to beat a retreat ) dripp+ g>m5ts be=e we _h got )9 fifty y>ds ( ! foot ( ! fall4 ,at fir/ ,i 0 surpris$ at ! volume ( wat] t came hurry+ out ( ! hidd5 recess ( dripp+ rocks & trees--a swiftly fl[+ /ream1 ?irty or =ty feet wide1 & f\r or five feet deep4 ,h[ c\ld t comp>atively n>r[ curta9 ( :ite spray up !re give bir? to su* a full robu/ /ream8 ,b ,i saw t 9 mak+ ! trem5d\s leap f ! top ( ! precipice1 ! /ream 0 sudd5ly drawn out1 z we /ret* a rubb] b& 9 our h&s1 & t ! solid & massive curr5t bel[ 0 l ! rubb] aga9 relax$4 ,! /ra9 0 ov]1 & ! unit$ wat]s deep5$ & sl[$ up ov] _! rocky b$4 ,yosemite = a home or a camp1 ! ,gr& ,canon = a spectacle4 ,i h spok5 ( ! rob9 ,i saw 9 ,yosemite ,valley4 ,?9k h[ =lorn & out ( place a rob9 w\ld seem 9 ! ,gr& ,canon6 ,:at w\ld he d !re8 ,!re is no turf = him to inspect1 & !re are no trees = him to p]* on4 ,i %\ld z soon expect to f9d him amid ! pyramids ( ,egypt1 or amid ! ru9s ( ,k>nak4 ,! bluebird 0 9 ! ,yosemite also1 & ! wat]-ouzel haunt$ ! lucid wat]s4 ,i notic$ a peculi>ity ( ! oak 9 ,yosemite t ,i nev] saw else:]e ,footnote3 ,i h s9ce obs]v$ ! same trait 9 ! oaks 9 ,georgia--probably a *>act]i/ic ( ?is tree 9 s\!rn latitudes4--a fluid or outfl[+ condition ( ! gr[? abovegr\nd1 su* z "o usually sees 9 ! roots ( trees--s t x t5d$ to envelop & swall[1 z x 71 any solid object ) :i* x came 9 contact4 ,if its trunk t\*$ a po9t ( rock1 x w\ld put out great oak5 lips sev]al in*es 9 ext5t z if to draw ! rock into its maw4 ,if a dry limb 0 cut or brok5 (f1 a foot f ! trunk1 ^! ?9 oak5 lips w\ld sl[ly creep out & envelop x--a sort ( ,we/]n omnivor\s trait appe>+ 9 ! trees4 ,:itman ref]s to ! slumb]+ & liquid trees4 ,^! ,yosemite oaks recall 8 expression m surely ?an any ( our ,ea/]n trees4 ,! read] may create = himself a good image ( ,yosemite by ?9k+ ( a section ( sev5 or eight miles ( ! ,hudson ,riv]1 midway ( its c\rse1 z empti$ ( its wat] & deep5$ ?ree ?\s& feet or m1 hav+ ! sides ne>ly v]tical1 ) sn[-:ite wat]falls flutt]+ aga9/ !m "h & !re1 ! fam\s spires & domes plant$ along ! rim1 & ! l&scape ( groves & glades1 ) its /ill1 cle> w9d+ riv]1 occupy+ ! bottom4 ,,iv ,"o _c look ^u ,yosemite or walk b5ea? its t[]+ walls )\t ! "q aris+ 9 8 m9d1 ,h[ did all ?is happ58 ,:at 7 ! ag5ts t br\ght x ab\t8 ,!re has be5 a great geologic drama enact$ "h2 :o or :at 7 ! /> actors8 ,!re are two o!r valleys 9 ?is "p ( ! ,si]ra1 ,het*-,het*y & ,k+'s ,riv]1 t are almo/ id5tical 9 _! ma9 features1 ?\gh ! ,m]c$ ,yosemite is ! wide/ ( ! ?ree4 ,ea* ( !m is a trem5d\s *asm 9 ! granite rock1 ) ne>ly v]tical walls1 domes1 ,el ,capitans1 & ,s5t9el & ,ca!dral ,rocks1 & wat]falls--all model$ on ! same g5]al plan4 ,i believe !re is no?+ j l ?is trio ( ,yosemites any:]e else on ! globe4 ,guid$ by "o's ord9>y s5se or judgm5t alone1 "o's judgm5t z develop$ & discipl9$ by ! ev]yday affairs ( life & ! ev]yday c\rse ( nature1 "o w\ld say on behold+ ,yosemite t "h is ! "w ( exceptional & extraord9>y ag5ts or _w-build+ =ces4 ,x is z surpris+ & exceptional z w\ld be a ca!dral 9 a village /reet1 or a gigantic sequoia 9 a grove ( our balsam firs4 ,! approa* to x up ! ,m]c$ ,riv] does n prep>e "o = any su* a/oni%+ spectacle z awaits "o4 ,! ru%+1 foam+ wat] amid ! tumbl$ confusion ( huge granite rocks & ! op5 ,v-%ap$ valley1 are no?+ v rem>kable or unusual4 ,!n sudd5ly y are on ! ?re%old ( ?is hall ( ! eld] gods4 ,demons & furies might lurk 9 ! valley bel[1 b "h is ! abode ( ! s]5e1 b5efic5t ,olympian deities4 ,all is s calm1 s hu%$1 s fri5dly1 yet s t[]+1 s /up5d\s1 s unspeakably beautiful4 ,y are 9 a mansion c>v$ out ( ! granite f\ndations ( ! e>?1 ) walls two or ?ree ?\s& feet high1 hung "h & !re ) sn[-:ite wat]falls1 & support+ ! blue sky on domes & p9nacles /ill high]4 ,oh1 ! calmness & maje/y ( ! sc5e6 ! evid5ce ( su* trem5d\s activity ( "s =ce1 "s ag5t1 & n[ s tranquil1 s %elt]+1 s b5efic5t6 ,t !re %\ld be two or ?ree ,yosemites 9 ! ,si]ra n v f> ap>t1 all ) ! ma9 features s+ul>ly alike1 is v significant--z if ?is k9d ( valley 0 lat5t 9 ! granite ( t region--"s peculi>ity ( rock /ructure t l5ds itself readily to ^! =mations4 ,! ,si]ra lies beyond ! s\!rn limit ( ! great cont95tal ice-%eet ( late ,t]ti>y times1 b x nurs$ & re>$ _m local glaci]s1 & to ! erod+ p[] ( ^! its ,yosemites are p>tly due4 ,b wat] 0 at "w "h long be=e ! ice--eat+ d[n into ! granite & lay+ op5 ! m\nta9 = ! ice to beg9 its "w4 ,ice may come1 & ice may g1 says ! riv]1 b ,i g on =ev]4 ,wat] t5ds to make a ,v-%ap$ valley1 ice a ,u-%ap$ "o1 ?\gh 9 ! ,hawaiian ,isl&s1 :]e wat] erosion alone has tak5 place1 ! prevail+ =m ( ! valleys is t ( ! ,u-%ap$4 ,yosemite approximates to ?is %ape1 & ice has c]ta9ly play$ a "p 9 its =mation4 ,b ! glaci] seems to h /opp$ at ! outlet ( ! great valley2 x did n travel beyond ! gigantic hall x _h help$ to excavate4 ,! valley ( ! ,m]c$ f ! m\? ( ,yosemite d[nw>d is an op5 valley /rewn ) huge angul> granite rocks & %[s no signs ( glaciation :atev]4 ,! reason ( ?is abruptness is q beyond my k54 ,x is to me a plausible !ory t :5 ! granite t =ms ! ,si]ra 0 lift$ or squeez$ up by ! %r9k+ ( ! e>?1 l>ge fissures & crevasses may h occurr$1 & t ,yosemite & k9dr$ valleys may be ! result ( ! action ( wat] & ice 9 enl>g+ ^! orig9al *asms4 ,little wond] t ! e>li] geologi/s1 su* z ,:itney1 7 l$ to attribute ! exceptional "* ( ^! valleys to exceptional & extraord9>y ag5ts--to sudd5 fault+ or dislocation ( ! e>?'s cru/4 ,b geologi/s are becom+ m & m loa? to call 9 ! cataclysmal to expla9 any feature ( ! topography ( ! l&4 ,n to ! ?und] or ! lightn+1 to e>?quake or volcano1 to ! =ces ( upheaval or dislocation1 b to ! /ill1 small voice ( ! ra9 & ! w9ds1 ( ! fro/ & ! sn[1--! g5tle =ces n[ & "h active all ab\t u1 c>v+ ! valleys & r$uc+ ! m\nta9s1 & *ang+ ! c\rses ( riv]s1--to ^!1 z ,lyell taught u1 we are to look 9 n9e cases out ( t51 yes1 9 n9ety-n9e out ( a hundr$1 to acc\nt = ! configuration ( ! cont95ts4 ,! geologi/s ( our day1 :ile n agree+ z to ! am\nt ( "w done respectively by ice & wat]1 yet agree t to ! latt] ! l>g] proportion ( ! excavation is to be ascrib$4 ,at any rate betwe5 !m bo? !y h turn$ out "o ( ! mo/ beautiful & /up5d\s pieces ( m\nta9 c>v+ to be f\nd ^u ! e>?4 ,,iv ,,?r\gh ,,! ,,eyes ,,( ,,! ,,geologi/ ,i ,h[ habitually we g ab\t ov] ! surface ( ! e>?1 delv+ x or cultivat+ x or level+ x1 )\t ?9k+ t x has n always be5 z we n[ f9d x1 t ! m\nta9s 7 n always m\nta9s1 nor ! valleys always valleys1 nor ! pla9s always pla9s1 nor ! s& always s&1 nor ! clay always clay4 ,our exp]i5ce goes b a little way 9 su* matt]s4 ,su* a ?\ght takes u f human "t to ,god's "t1 f ! horizon ( place & ye>s to ! horizon ( geologic ages4 ,we g ab\t our little affairs 9 ! _w1 s[+ & reap+ & build+ & j\rney+1 l *ildr5 play+ ?r\gh ! halls ( _! ance/ors1 )\t paus+ to ask h[ ^! ?+s all came ab\t4 ,we d n reflect ^u ! age ( our fields any m ?an we d ^u ! size ( ! globe "u our feet3 :5 we become curi\s ab\t su* matt]s & look ^u ! m\nta9s z ei!r old or "y1 or z ! subjects ( bir?1 gr[?1 & decay1 !n we are unconsci\s geologi/s4 ,x is to our int]e/ 9 su* ?+s t geology appeals & x is ?is int]e/ t x /imulates & guides4 ,:at an a/oni%+ revelation1 = in/ance1 t ! soil 0 born ( ! rocks1 & is /ill born ( ! rocks2 t e p>ticle ( x 0 once lock$ up 9 ! primitive granite & 0 unlock$ by ! sl[ action ( ! ra9 & ! dews & ! sn[s2 t ! rocky ribs ( ! e>? 7 clo!d ) ?is f]tile soil out ( :i* we came & to :i* we return by _! own decay2 t ! pull+-d[n ( ! inorganic meant ! build+-up ( ! organic2 t ! dea? ( ! cry/al meant ! bir? ( ! cell1 & indirectly ( y & me & ( all t lives ^u ! e>?4 ,_h !re be5 no soil1 _h ! rocks n decay$1 !re _h be5 no y & me4 ,su* consid]ations h long made me feel a ke5 int]e/ 9 geology1 & especially ( late ye>s h /imulat$ my desire to try to see ! e>? z ! geologi/ sees x4 ,i h always _h a good op9ion ( ! gr\nd und]foot1 out ( :i* we all come1 & to :i* we all return2 & ! /ory ! geologi/s tell u ab\t x is calculat$ to enhance greatly t good op9ion4 ,i ?9k t if ,i c\ld be p]suad$1 z my fa!rs 71 t ! _w 0 made 9 six days1 by ! fiat ( a sup]natural p[]1 ,i %\ld soon lose my int]e/ 9 x4 ,su* an acc\nt ( x takes x out ( ! realm ( human int]e/1 because x takes x out ( ! realm ( natural causation1 & places x 9 ! realm ( ! arbitr>y1 & non-natural4 ,b to "k t x 0 n made at all1 9 ! me*anical s5se1 b t x grew--t x is an evolution z mu* z ! life ^u ! surface1 t x has an almo/ inf9ite pa/1 t x has be5 develop+ & rip5+ = millions ^u millions ( ye>s1 a v]itable apple ^u ! great sid]eal tree1 ameliorat+ f cycle to cycle1 mell[+1 color+1 sweet5+--:y1 su* a revelation adds imm5sely to our int]e/ 9 x4 ,z ) ne>ly ev]y?+ else1 ! wond] ( ! _w gr[s ! m we grasp its hi/ory4 ,! wond] ( life gr[s ! m we consid] ! *aos ( fire & dea? out ( :i* x came2 ! wond] ( man gr[s ! m we pe] into ! abyss ( geologic "t & ( l[ be/ial life out ( :i* he came4 ,n a tree1 n a %rub1 n a fl[]1 n a gre5 ?+ gr[+1 n an insect ( an h\r1 b has a backgr\nd ( a va/ aeon ( geologic & a/ronomic "t1 out ( :i* ! =ces t %ap$ x h em]g$1 & ov] :i* ! p[]s ( *aos & d>kness h fail$ to prevail4 ,! mod]n geologi/ af=ds u "o ( ! be/ illu/rations ( ! uses ( ! sci5tific imag9ation t we c turn to4 ,! sci5tific imag9ation seems to be ab\t ! late/ phase ( ! evolution ( ! human m9d4 ,?is p[] ( int]pretation ( concrete facts1 ?is ,miltonic flight into "t & space1 into ! heav5s above1 & into ! b[els ( ! e>? b5ea?1 & body+ =? a v]itable hi/ory1 a w>r+ ( ! p[]s ( light & d>kness1 ) ! triumph ( ! angels ( light & life1 makes ,milton's picture seem holl[ & unreal4 ,! creative & poetic imag9ation has und\bt$ly already rea*$ its high-wat] m>k4 ,we %all probably nev] see ! great imag9ative works ( ! pa/ surpass$ or ev5 equal$4 ,b 9 ! _w ( sci5tific discov]y & int]pretation1 we see ! imag9ation work+ 9 new fields & "u new conditions1 & a*iev+ triumphs t m>k a new epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( ! race4 ,nature1 :i* once t]rifi$ man & made a c[>d ( him1 n[ inspires him & fills him ) love & en?usiasm4 ,! geologi/ is ! int]pret] ( ! records ( ! rocks4 ,f a bit ( /rata "h1 & a bit !re1 he re-creates ! e>? z x 0 9 successive geologic p]iods1 z ,cuvi] recon/ruct$ 8 ext9ct animals f fragm5ts ( _! bones2 & ! same int]pretative p[] ( ! imag9ation is call$ into play 9 bo? cases1 only ! palaeontologi/ has a mu* n>r[] field to "w 91 & ! backgr\nd ( 8 re-creations mu/ be suppli$ by ! geologi/4 ,ev]y?+ connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( ! e>? is on su* a va/ scale--su* a scale ( "t1 su* a scale ( p[]1 su* a scale ( movem5t--t 9 try+ to measure x by our human /&>ds & exp]i5ce we are l ! prov]bial *ild ) 8 cup on ! sea%ore4 ,look$ at f our po9t ( view1 ! great geological processes (t5 seem engag$ 9 _w-de/ruction r ?an 9 _w-build+4 ,^? (t-repeat$ invasions ( ! cont95ts by ! ocean1 :i* h gone on f ,ar*aean times1 & dur+ :i* va/ areas :i* _h be5 dry l& = ages 7 engulf$1 seem l _w-wide cata/rophes4 ,& no d\bt !y 7 su* to myriads ( plants & animals ( ^? times4 ,b ?is is ! way ! cont95ts grew4 ,all ! =ces ( ! invad+ wat]s 7 engag$ 9 mak+ m l&4 ,! geologi/ is bold2 he is made s by ! facts & processes ) :i* he deals2 8 d>+ affirmations are inspir$ by a /udy ( ! features ( ! e>? ab\t him2 8 "t is n our "t1 8 horizons are n our horizons2 he escapes f our human exp]i5ces & /&>ds into ! va/ out-(-doors ( ! geologic =ces & geologic ages4 ,! text he deciph]s is writt5 l>ge1 writt5 across ! face ( ! cont95t1 writt5 9 m\nta9-*a9s & ocean dep?s1 & 9 ! pil$ /rata ( ! globe4 ,we untra9$ obs]v]s _c spell out ^! texts1 because !y are writt5 l>ge2 our vision is adju/$ to small] pr9t2 we are l ! s*ool-boy :o f9ds on ! map ! "n ( a t[n or a riv]1 b does n see ! "n ( ! /ate or ! cont95t pr9t$ across x4 ,if ! geologi/ did n tell u1 h[ %\ld we ev] suspect t probably :]e we n[ /& two or m miles ( /rata h be5 worn away by ! w9ds & ra9s2 t ! soil ( our g>d51 our f>m1 repres5ts ! a%es ( m\nta9s burn$ up 9 ! sl[ fires ( ! geologic ages4 ,geology fir/ gives u an adequate conception ( "t4 ,! limitations :i* %ut our fa!rs into ! n>r[ close ( six ?\s& ye>s are tak5 d[n by ?is great sci5ce & we are turn$ out into ! op5 ( unnumb]$ millions ( ye>s4 ,^u ! backgr\nd ( geologic "t our *ronological "t %[s no m ?an a speck ^u ! sky4 ,! :ole ( human hi/ory is b a m]e fraction ( a degree ( ?is mighty arc4 ,! ,*ri/ian era w\ld make b a few seconds ( ! va/ cycle ( ! e>?'s hi/ory4 ,geologic "t6 ,! words seem to r+ d[n ?r\gh ! rocky /rata ( ! e>?'s cru/2 !y rev]b]ate "u ! m\nta9s1 & make !m rise & fall l ! waves ( ! sea2 !y op5 up vi/as ?r\gh :i* we behold ! cont95ts & ! oceans *ang+ places1 & ! climates ( ! globe %ift+ l cl\ds 9 ! sky2 :ole races & tribes ( animal =ms disappe> & new ones come ^u ! sc5e4 ,su* a pa/6 ! imag9ation c b>ely skirt ! edge ( x4 ,z ! pool 9 ! field is to ! sea t wraps ! e>?1 s is ! "t ( our hi/ories to ! cycle ( ages 9 :i* ! geologi/ reckons ! ev5ts ( ! e>?'s hi/ory4 ,?r\gh ! eyes ( ! geologi/ "o may look ^u 8 native hills & see !m z !y 7 incalculable ages ago1 & z !y probably w be incalculable ages ahead2 ^? hills1 s un*ang+ dur+ 8 lifetime1 & dur+ a ?\s& lifetimes1 he may see z flitt+ z ! cl\d %ad[s ^u ! l&scape4 ,out ( ! d>k abyss ( geologic "t !re come /alk+ ! gho/s ( lo/ m\nta9s & lo/ hills & valleys & pla9s1 or lo/ riv]s & lakes1 yea1 ( lo/ cont95ts2 we see a procession ( ! phantoms ( /range & mon/r\s bea/s1 _m ( !m colossal 9 size & fe>ful 9 =m1 & among ! m9or =ms ( ?is fe>ful troop ( spectres we see ! ones t c>ri$ safely =w>d1 ?r\gh ! vicissitudes ( ^? ages1 ! preci\s impulse t 0 to ev5tuate 9 ! human race4 ,only ! geologi/ kn[s ! "p play$ by erosion 9 %ap+ ! e>?'s surface z we see x4 ,he sees1 ,i repeat1 ! phantoms ( vani%$ hills & m\nta9s all ab\t u4 ,he sees _! %ad[ =ms :]ev] he looks4 ,he foll[s out ! l9es ( ! flex$ or fold$ /rata :]e !y come to ! surface1 & ?us sket*es 9 ! air ! elevation t has disappe>$4 ,9 "s places he f9ds t ! valleys h become hills & ! hills h become valleys1 or t ! anticl9es & syncl9es1 z he calls !m1 h *ang$ places--z a result ( ! unequal h>dness ( ! rocks4 ,ov] all ! old] p>ts ( ! c\ntry ! orig9al features h be5 s *ang$ by erosion t1 c\ld !y be sudd5ly re/or$1 "o w\ld be lo/ on 8 home f>m4 ,! rocks h melt$ into soil1 z ! sn[-banks 9 spr+ melt into wat]4 ,! rocks t rema9 are l fragm5ts ( sn[ or ice t h s f> )/ood ! wea!r4 ,geologi/s tell u t ! great ,appala*ian *a9 has be5 9 ! c\rse ( ! ages r$uc$ almo/ to a base level or p5epla91 & !n reelevat$ & its hills & m\nta9s c>v$ out anew4 ,we *ange ! surface ( ! e>? a little ) our eng9e]+1 dra9 a m>%1 level a hill1 sweep away a =e/1 or bore a m\nta91 b :at are ^! comp>$ ) ! *anges t h gone on !re be=e our race 0 he>d (8 ,9 my native m\nta9s1 ! ,catskills1 all ^? peaceful pa/oral valleys1 ) _! f>ms & home/eads1 lie two or ?ree ?\s& feet bel[ ! orig9al surface ( ! l&4 ,c\ld ! l& be re/or$ aga9 to its fir/ condition 9 ,devonian times1 probably ! fields :]e ,i ho$ corn & potatoes z a boy w\ld be buri$ "o or two miles b5ea? ! rocks4 ,! ,catskills are residual m\nta9s1 or :at ,agassiz calls d5udation m\nta9s4 ,:5 we look at !m ) ! eye ( ! geologi/ we see ! great plateau ( tablel& ( ,devonian times out ( :i* !y 7 c>v$ by ! sl[ action ( ! sub-a]ial =ces4 ,!y are l ! little ridges & m\nds ( soil t rema9 ( y\r g>d5-pat* aft] ! wat]s ( a cl\dbur/ h swept ov] x4 ,!y are immeasurably old1 b !y d n look x1 except to ! eye ( ! geologi/4 ,!re is no?+ decrepit 9 _! appe>ance1 no?+ brok51 or angul>1 or gaunt1 or rawbon$4 ,_! long1 easy1 fl[+ l9es1 _! broad1 smoo? backs1 _! deep1 wide1 g5tly slop+ valleys1 all help to give !m a look ( repose & s]5ity1 z if ! fret & fev] ( life 7 long s9ce pass$ ) !m4 ,comp>$ ) ! new] m\nta9s ( uplift 9 ! ,we/1 !y are l cattle ly+ d[n & rum9at+ 9 ! field beside al]t wild /e]s ) rigid limbs & toss+ horns4 ,!y sleep & dream ) b[$ heads ^u ! l&scape4 ,_! great flanks & backs are cov]$ ) a deep soil t n\ri%es a v ev5 gr[? ( bee*1 bir*1 & maple =e/s4 ,?\gh s old1 _! tranquillity nev] seems to h be5 di/urb$2 no /orm-&-/ress p]iod has left its m>k ^u !m4 ,_! /rata all lie horizontal j z !y 7 laid d[n 9 ! old seas1 & no?+ b ! sl[ g5tle passage ( ! h& ( "t %[s 9 _! cont\rs4 ,m\nta9s ( peace & repose1 hills & valleys ) ! fl[+ l9es ( y\?1 com+ d[n to u f ! =e- _w ( ,palaeozoic "t1 yet only r\nd$ & mell[$ by ! aeons !y h pass$ ?r\gh4 ,old1 oh1 s old1 b "y ) v]dure & limpid /reams1 & ! pa/oral _s ( to-day6 ,to ! geologi/ mo/ m\nta9s are %ort-liv$4 ,:5 he f9ds great /urdy ranges1 l ! ,alps1 ! ,&es1 ! ,himalayas1 he kn[s !y are "y1--m]e boys4 ,:5 !y get old1 !y w be cut d[n1 & _! pride & glory gone4 ,a few m ( ^! geologic ye>s & !y w be r$uc$ to a p5epla91--only _! /umps left4 ,?is seems to hold tru] ( m\nta9s t are wr9kles 9 ! e>?'s cru/--squeez$ up & crumpl$ /ratifi$ rock1 su* z mo/ ( ! great m\nta9-sy/ems are--?an ( m\nta9s ( erosion l ! ,catskills1 or ( upheaval l ! ,adirondacks4 ,! cru%$ & fold$ & dislocat$ /rata are laid op5 to ! wea!r z ! horizontal /rata1 & z ! upheav$ masses ( ,ar*aean rock are n4 ,moreov]1 /rata ( unequal h>dness are expos$1 & ?is condition favors rapid erosion4 ,9 imag9ation ! geologi/ is pres5t at ! bir? ( :ole m\nta9-ranges4 ,he sees !m ge/at+ 9 ! womb ( _! "m1 ! sea4 ,:]e our great ,appala*ian range n[ /&s1 he sees1 9 ! great int]ior sea ( ,palaeozoic "t1 :at he calls a geosyncl9e1 a va/ tr\gh1 or cradle1 be+ sl[ly fill$ ) s$im5t br\ght d[n by ! riv]s f ! adjo9+ %ores4 ,^! s$im5ts accumulate to ! enorm\s dep? ( tw5ty-five ?\s& feet1 & h>d5 into rock4 ,!n 9 ! c\rse ( "t !y are squeez$ toge!r & =c$ up by ! contraction ( ! e>?'s cru/1 & ?us ! ,appala*ians are born4 ,:5 ,"m ,e>? takes a new hit* 9 h] belt1 h] rocky g>m5t takes on new wr9kles4 ,j :y ! e>?'s cru/ %\ld wr9kle along l9es ( rock ( su* enorm\s ?ickness is n a little puzzl+4 ,b we are told x is because ?is heavy mass ( s$im5t presses ! sea-bottom d[n till ! rocks are fus$ by ! int]nal heat ( ! e>? & ?us a l9e ( weakness is e/abli%$4 ,9 any case ! e>?'s =ces act z a :ole1 & ! e>?'s cru/ at ! ?icke/ po9ts is s comp>atively ?9--probably n mu* m ?an a heavy %eet ( c>dbo>d ov] a six-in* globe--t ^! =ces seem to g _! own way reg>dless ( su* m9or diff]5ces4 ,! ,alps & ! ,himalayas1 mu* y\ng] ?an our ,appala*ians1 7 also begott5 & nurs$ 9 ! cradle ( a va/ geosyncl9e 9 ! ,t]ti>y seas4 ,we speak ( ! bir? ( a m\nta9-range 9 t]ms ( a common human occurr5ce1 or z if x 7 an ev5t t might be witness$1 measurable 9 human ye>s or days1 :]eas x is an ev5t measurable only 9 geologic p]iods1 & geologic p]iods are m>k$ (f only on ! dial-face ( et]nity4 ,! old ,hebrew writ] gave b a fa9t image ( x :5 he said t ) ! ,"l a ?\s& ye>s are z "o day2 x is h>dly "o h\r ( ! sl[ beat ( t clock ^: h\rs m>k ! p]iods ( ! e>?'s developm5t4 ,! :ole long p]iod dur+ :i* ! race ( man has be5 ru%+ ab\t1 tickl+ & scrat*+ & ga%+ ! surface ( ! globe1 w\ld make b a small fraction ( "o ( ! days t make up ! p]iods ) :i* ! geologi/ deals4 ,& ! span ( human life1 h[ x dw9dles to a po9t 9 ! face ( ! records ( ! rocks6 ,d\btless ! bir? ( "s ( ! m\nta9-sy/ems ( ! globe is /ill go+ on1 & we suspect x n2 an elevation ( "o foot 9 a c5tury w\ld lift up ! ,si]ra or ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s 9 a comp>atively %ort geologic p]iod4 ,,ii ,x 0 ! geologi/ t embold5$ ,t5nyson to s+1-- ,! hills are %ad[s & !y fl[ ,f =m to =m & no?+ /&s1 ,!y melt l mi/s1 ! solid l&s1 ,l cl\ds !y %ape !mselves & g4 ,b "s hills fl[ mu* fa/] ?an o!rs4 ,hills made up ( ! late/ or newe/ =mations seem to take to !mselves w+s ! fa/e/4 ,! ,ar*aean hills & m\nta9s1 h[ sl[ly !y melt away6 ,9 ! ,adirondacks1 9 nor!rn ,new ,engl&1 9 ! ,highl&s ( ! ,hudson1 !y /ill hold _! heads high & h some?+ ( ! vigor ( _! prime4 ,! mo/ endur+ rocks are ! olde/2 & ! mo/ p]i%able are1 z a rule1 ! y\nge/4 ,x takes "t to season & h>d5 ! rocks1 z x does m54 ,!n ! e>li] rocks seem to h _h bett] /uff 9 !m4 ,!y are ne>] ! pat]nal granite2 & ! primordial seas t mo!r$ !m 71 no d\bt1 ri*] 9 ! v>i\s m9]al solutions t knitt$ & compact$ ! s$im5t>y deposits4 ,! ,cretace\s =mations melt away almo/ l sn[4 ,i fancy t ! ocean n[1 comp>$ ) ! e>li] condition :5 x mu/ h be5 s saturat$ ) m9]al elem5ts1 is l ?rice-skimm$ milk4 ,! geologi/ is n /9t$ = "t4 ,he deals ) big figures4 ,x is refre%+ to see him deal+ out 8 ye>s s lib]ally4 ,d y want a million or two to acc\nt = ?is or t8 ,y %all h x = ! ask+4 ,he has an enorm\s balance 9 ! bank ( ,"t1 & he draws ^u x to suit 8 purpose4 ,9 human hi/ory a ?\s& ye>s is a long "t4 ,t5 ?\s& ye>s wipe out human hi/ory completely4 ,t5 ?\s& m1 & we are probably among ! rude cave-m5 or riv]-drift m54 ,"o hundr$ ?\s&1 & we are--:]e8 ,probably among ! simian ance/ors ( man4 ,a million ye>s1 & we are probably 9 ,eoc5e or ,mioc5e times1 among ! huge & (t5 grotesque mammals1 & our ance/or1 a little creature1 probably ( ! m>supial k9d1 is skulk+ ab\t & hid+ f ! great c>nivor\s bea/s t w\ld dev\r him4 ,little man1 lea/ ( all1 ,among ! legs ( 8 gu>dians tall1 ,walk$ ab\t ) puzzl$ look4 ,him by ! h& de> ,nature took1 ,de>e/ ,nature1 /rong & k9d1 ,:isp]$1 ',d>l+1 nev] m9d6 ,to-morr[ !y w we> ano!r face1 ,! f\nd] ?\2 ^! are ?y race6' ,i fancy ,em]son w\ld be surpris$ & probably displeas$ at ! use ,i h made ( 8 l9es4 ,i rememb] once he>+ him say t 8 tea*] 9 su* matt]s z ,i am "h t\*+ ^u 0 ,agassiz1 & n ,d>w94 ,yet did he n write t audaci\s l9e ab\t ! worm /riv+ to be man8 ,& ,nature c]ta9ly took 8 little man by ! h& & l$ him =w>d1 & on ! morr[ ! re/ ( ! animal creation wore ano!r face4 ,,iii ,9 my geological /udies ,i h _h a good deal ( tr\ble ) ! s$im5t>y rocks1 try+ to trace _! g5ealogy & gett+ !m prop]ly fa!r$ & mo!r$4 ,i d n ?9k ! geologi/s fully appreciate :at a difficult problem ! orig9 ( ^! rocks pres5ts to ! lay m9d4 ,!y bulk s l>ge1 :ile ! mass ( orig9al cry/all9e rocks f :i* !y are suppos$ to h be5 d]iv$ is s small 9 comp>ison4 ,9 ! case ( our own cont95t we h1 to beg9 )1 ab\t two million ( squ>e miles ( ,ar*aean rocks 9 deta*$ l9es & masses1 ris+ "h & !re above ! primordial ocean2 a l>ge triangul> mass 9 ,canada1 & two brok5 l9es ( small] masses runn+ s\? f x on ea* side ( ! cont95t1 inclos+ a va/ int]ior sea betwe5 !m4 ,to end )1 we h ! f9i%$ cont95t ( eight million or m squ>e miles1 ( an av]age height ( two ?\s& feet above ! sea1 built up or develop$ f & ar\nd ^! granite c5tres v mu* z ! body is built up & ar\nd ! bones1 & ( su* prodigi\s weight t "s ( our lat] geologi/s seek to acc\nt = ! cont95tal subm>9e %elf t surr\nds ! cont95t on ! !ory t ! l& has sl[ly crept out into ! sea "u ! pressure ( its own weight4 ,& all ?is1--to say no?+ ( ! va/ am\nt ( rock1 9 "s places a mile or two 9 ?ickness1 t has be5 erod$ f ! l& surfaces ( ! globe 9 lat] geological "t1 & n[ lies buri$ 9 ! seas & lakes1--we are told1 is ! contribution ( ^? deta*$ portions ( ,ar*aean rock t fir/ rose above ! primordial seas4 ,x is a great] miracle ?an t ( ! loaves & ! fi%es4 ,we h va/ly m to end ) ?an we _h to beg9 )4 ,! m ! rocks h be5 de/roy$1 ! m !y h increas$2 ! m ! wat]s h dev\r$ !m1 ! m !y h multipli$ & wax$ /rong4 ,ei!r ! geologi/s h greatly und]e/imat$ ! am\nt ( ,ar*aean rock above ! wat]s at ! />t1 or else !re are factors 9 ! problem t h n be5 tak5 into ! acc\nt4 ,lyell seems to h appreciat$ ! difficulties ( ! problem1 &1 to acc\nt = ! =ty ?\s& feet ( s$im5t deposit$ 9 ,palaeozoic times 9 ! region ( ! ,appala*ians1 he presupposes a neighbor+ cont95t to ! ea/1 probably =m$ ( ,laur5tian rocks1 :]e n[ rolls ! ,atlantic4 ,b if su* a cont95t once exi/$1 w\ld n "s ve/ige ( x /ill rema98 ,! fact t no trace ( x z be5 f\nd1 x seems to me1 invalidates ,lyell's !ory4 ,ar*aean "t 9 geologic hi/ory answ]s to pre-hi/oric "t 9 human hi/ory2 all is d>k & unc]ta91 ?\gh we are probably safe 9 assum+ t !re 0 m /rife & turmoil among ! e>?-build+ =ces ?an !re has ev] be5 s9ce4 ,! body ( un/ratifi$ rock )9 ! limits ( ,nor? ,am]ica may h be5 mu* great] ?an is suppos$1 b x seems to me impossible t x c\ld h be5 any?+ l z massive z ! cont95t n[ is4 ,if ?is _h be5 ! case !re w\ld h be5 no great int]ior sea1 & no wide sea-m>g9s 9 :i* ! s$im5ts ( ! /ratifi$ rocks c\ld h be5 deposit$4 ,m ?an f\r fif?s ( ! cont95t is ( second>y orig9 & %[s t va/ geologic eras w5t to ! mak+ ( x4 ,x is equally h>d to believe t ! prim>y or igne\s rocks1 :]e !y did appe>1 7 suffici5tly elevat$ to h furni%$ ?r\gh erosion ! all b incalculable am\nt ( mat]ial t w5t to ! mak+ ( our va/ l& areas4 ,b ! geologi/s give me ! impression t ?is is :at we are to believe4 ,*amb]l9 & ,salisbury1 9 _! rec5t college geology1 tea* t ea* new =mation implies ! de/ruction ( an equival5t am\nt ( old] rock--e sy/em be+ entirely built up out ( ! old] "o b5ea? x4 ,lyell & ,dana tea* ! same ?+4 ,if ?is 7 true1 c\ld !re h be5 any cont95tal gr[? at all8 ,c\ld a city gr[ by ! process ( pull+ d[n ! old build+s = mat]ial to build ! new8 ,if ! geology is correct1 ,i fail to see h[ !re w\ld be any m l& surface to-day !n !re 0 9 ,ar*aean times4 ,ea* new =mation w\ld only h replac$ ! old f :i* x came4 ,! ,silurian w\ld only h made good ! wa/e ( ! ,cambrian1 & ! ,devonian made good ! wa/e ( ! ,silurian1 & s on to ! top ( ! s]ies1 & 9 ! end we %\ld /ill h be5 at ! foot ( ! /airs4 ,t va/ int]ior sea t 9 ,ar*aean times /ret*$ f ! rudim5t>y ,appala*ian ,m\nta9s to ! rudim5t>y ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 & :i* is n[ ! he>t ( ! cont95t1 w\ld /ill h be5 a "p ( ! primordial ocean4 ,b in/ead ( t1 ?is sea is fill$ & pil$ up ) s$im5t>y rocks ?\s&s ( feet ?ick1 t h giv5 bir? on _! surfaces to ?\s&s ( squ>e miles ( z f]tile soil z ! e>? holds4 ,t ! orig9al cry/all9e rocks play$ ! major "p 9 ! g5ealogy ( ! subsequ5t /ratifi$ rocks1 x w\ld be folly to d5y4 ,b x seems to me t *emical & cosmic processes1 work+ ?r\gh ! air & ! wat]1 h contribut$ m ?an !y h be5 cr$it$ )4 ,x looks z if 9 all cases :5 ! soil is c>ri$ to ! seabottom z s$im5t1 & aga91 dur+ ! c\rse ( ages1 consolidat$ into rocks1 ! rocks ?us =m$ h exce$$ 9 bulk ! rocks t gave !m bir?4 ,some?+ analog\s to vital gr[? takes place4 ,x seems z if ! orig9al granite c5tres set ! _w-build+ =ces at "w4 ,!y s]v$ z nuclei ar\nd :i* ! mat]ials ga!r$4 ,^! rocks br$ o!r rocks1 & ^! /ill o!rs1 & yet o!rs1 till ! framework ( ! l& 0 fairly e/abli%$4 ,!y 7 l ! pione] settl]s :o plant homes "h & !re 9 ! wild]ness1 & !n 9 due "t all ! l& is peopl$4 ,! granite is ! ,adam rock1 & ?r\gh a long l9e ( desc5t ! major "p ( all ! o!r rocks directly or indirectly may be trac$4 ,?us ! granite begot ! ,algonqu91 ! ,algonqu9 begot ! ,cambrian1 ! ,cambrian begot ! ,silurian1 ! ,silurian begot ! ,devonian1 & s on up ?r\gh ! ,c>bonif]\s1 ! ,p]mian1 ! ,mesozoic rocks1 ! ,t]ti>y rocks1 to ! late/ ,quat]n>y deposit4 ,b ! curi\s ?+ ab\t x all is ! enorm\s prog5y f s small a beg9n+2 ! rocks seem really to h gr[n & multipli$ l organic be+s2 ! se$ ( ! granite seems to h f]tiliz$ ! :ole _w ( wat]s1 & 9 due "t !y br\ght =? ?is huge family ( /ratifi$ rocks4 ,!re /&s ! ,ar*aean ,adam1 8 head & *e/ 9 ,canada1 8 two unequal legs runn+1 "o d[n ! ,pacific coa/1 & "o d[n ! ,atlantic ,coa/1 & f 8 lo9s1 we are told1 all ! prog5y ( rocks & soils t make up ! cont95t h sprung1 "o g5]ation succe$+ ano!r 9 regul> ord]4 ,8 late/ (fspr+ is 9 ! ,s\? & ,s\?we/1 & 9 ! int]ior4 ,^! are ! new c\ntries1 geologically speak+1 z well z humanly speak+4 ,! great int]ior sea1 epicont95tal1 ! geologi/s call x1 seems to h be5 f]m5t+ & labor+ = untold aeons 9 build+ up ^! p>ts ( ! cont95t4 ,9 ! old] ,ea/]n ,/ates we f9d ! sons & gr&sons ( ! old ,adam granite2 b 9 ! ,s\? & ,we/ we f9d 8 (fspr+ ( ! tw5tie? or tw5ty-fif? g5]ation1 & s unlike _! =ebe>s2 ! ,p]mian rocks1 = in/ance1 & ! ,cretace\s rocks1 are s(t & un5dur+1 = ! mo/ "p4 ,! lat] slates1 too1 are deg5]ates1 & mu* ( ! s&/ones h ! he>ts ( prodigals4 ,9 ! ,bad ,l&s ( ,arizona ,i c\ld h cut my way into "s ( ! ,eoc5e =mations ) my pocket-knife4 ,app>5tly ! f>!r away we get f ! p>5t granite1 ! m easily is ! rock erod$4 ,ne>ly all ! wond]ful & beautiful sculptur+ ( ! rocks 9 ! ,we/ & ,s\?we/ is 9 rocks ( comp>atively rec5t date4 ,c we say t all ! organic matt] ( our "t is f preexi/+ organic matt]8 "o organism torn d[n to build up ano!r8 t ! beg9n+ ( ! s]ies 0 z great z ! end8 ,!re may h be5 z mu* matt] 9 a /ate ( vital organization 9 ,c>bonif]\s or 9 ,cretace\s times z 9 our own1 b !re is c]ta9ly m n[ ?an 9 e>ly ,palaeozoic times4 ,yet e gra9 ( ?is matt] has exi/$ some:]e 9 "s =m = all "t4 ,or we might ask if all ! weal? ( our day is f preexi/+ weal?--"o =tune pull$ d[n to build up ano!r1--too (t5 ! case1 x is true1--?us pass+ ! accumulat$ weal? along f "o g5]ation to ano!r4 ,on ! contr>y1 has !re n be5 a /eady ga9 ( t we call weal? ?r\gh ! +5uity & ! indu/ry ( man direct$ t[>ds ! lat5t weal? ( ! e>?8 ,9 a p>allel mann] has !re be5 a ga9 9 ! bulk ( ! second>y rocks ?r\gh ! action ( ! _w-build+ =ces direct$ to ! sea1 ! air1 & ! preexi/+ rocks4 ,_h !re be5 no ga91 ! fact w\ld sugge/ ! ill luck ( a man inve/+ 8 capital 9 bus9ess & turn+ x ov] & ov]1 & hav+ no m money at ! end ?an he _h 9 ! beg9n+4 ,no?+ is 9 ! s$im5t>y rock t 0 n at "o "t 9 ! orig9al granite1 or 9 ! primordial seas1 or 9 ! primordial atmosph]e1 or 9 ! heav5s above1 or 9 ! int]ior ( ! e>? b5ea?4 ,we mu/ sweep ! heav5s1 /ra9 ! seas1 & lea* ! air1 to obta9 all ?is mat]ial4 ,evid5tly ! gr[? ( ^! rocks has be5 ma9ly a *emical process--a *emical organization ( preexi/+ mat]ial1 z mu* s z ! gr[? ( a plant or a tree or an animal4 ,! color & texture & volume ( ea* =mation diff] s radically f ^? ( ! "o imm$iately be=e x z to sugge/ some?+ m ?an a m]e me*anical d]ivation ( "o f ! o!r4 ,new factors1 new s\rces1 are impli$4 ,! f>!r we rec$e f ! pres5t "t1 says ,lyell1 & ! high] ! antiquity ( ! =mations :i* we exam9e1 ! great] are ! *anges :i* ! s$im5t>y deposits h und]gone4 ,above all h *emical processes produc$ *anges4 ,?is con/ant passage ( ! m9]al elem5ts ( ! rocks ?r\gh ! cycle ( erosion1 s$im5tation1 & re9duration has expos$ !m to ! action ( ! air1 ! light1 ! sea1 & has ?us und\bt$ly br\ght ab\t a /eady gr[? 9 _! volume & a con/ant *ange 9 _! color & texture4 ,m>l & clay & gre5 s& & salt & gypsum & %ale1 all h _! g5esis1 all came d[n to u 9 "s way or 9 "s degree1 f ! aborig9al cry/all9e rocks2 b :at trans=mations & transmutations !y h und]gone6 ,!y h pass$ ?r\gh ,nature's laboratory & tak5 on new =ms & *>act]i/ics4 ,all s$im5ts deposit$ 9 ! sea1 says my geology1 und]go m or less *emical *ange1 & _m *emical *anges involve notable *anges 9 volume ( ! m9]al matt] conc]n$4 ,x has be5 e/imat$ t ! conv]sion ( granite rock into soil increases its volume eighty-eight p] c5t1 l>gely z ! result ( hydration1 or ! tak+ up ( wat] 9 ! *emical union4 ,! processes ( oxidation & c>bonation are also expansive processes4 ,:e!r any ( ?is ga9 9 volume is lo/ 9 ! process ( s$im5tation & reconsolidation1 ,i d n "k4 ,probably all ! elem5ts t wat] takes f ! rocks by solution1 x returns to !m :5 ! dis9tegrat$ p>ts1 9 ! =m ( s$im5t 9 ! sea1 is aga9 conv]t$ into /rata4 ,x is 9 ?is cycle ( rock dis9tegration & rock re-=mation t ! processes ( life g on4 ,)\t ! decay ( ! rock !re c\ld be no life on ! l&4 ,wat] & air are always ! g-betwe5s ( ! organic & inorganic4 ,aft] ! ra9s h deplet$ ! rocks ( _! soluble p>ts & c>ri$ !m to ! sea1 !y come back & aid vegetable life to unlock & appropriate o!r soluble p>ts1 & ?us build up ! vegetable &1 indirectly1 ! animal _w4 ,t ! gr[? ( ! cont95ts owes mu* to ! d5udation ( ! sea-bottom1 br\ght ab\t by ! tides & ! ocean-curr5ts1 :i* 7 probably mu* m p[]ful 9 e>ly ?an 9 late geologic times1 & to subm>9e m9]al spr+s & volcanic eruptions ( a%es & mud1 admits ( little d\bt4 ,t x owes mu* to extra-t]re/rial s\rces--to meteorites & meteoric du/--also admits ( little d\bt4 ,x seems reasonable t e>li] 9 ! hi/ory ( ! evolution ( our sol> sy/em !re %\ld h be5 mu* m meteoric matt] drift+ ?r\gh ! int]planet>y spaces ?an dur+ ! lat] ages1 & t a l>ge am\nt ( ?is matt] %\ld h f\nd its way to ! e>?1 9 ! =m ei!r ( solids or ( gases4 ,probably mu* m mat]ial has be5 contribut$ by volcanic eruptions ?an !re is any evid5ce ( app>5t4 ,! am\nt ( m9]al matt] held 9 solution by ! primordial seas mu/ h be5 enorm\s4 ,! am\nt ( rock laid d[n 9 ,palaeozoic times is e/imat$ at fifty ?\s& feet1 & ( ?is ?irte5 ?\s& feet 7 lime/one2 :ile ! am\nt laid d[n 9 ,mesozoic times1 = aught we "k a p]iod q z long1 am\nts to eight ?\s& feet1 indicat+1 x seems to me1 t ! deposition ( s$im5t w5t on mu* m rapidly 9 e>ly geologic times4 ,we are ne>] ! beg9n+ ( ?+s4 ,all *emical processes 9 ! e>?'s cru/ 7 probably m rapid4 ,d\btless ! ra9fall 0 m1 b ! l& areas mu/ h be5 less4 ,! great] am\nt ( c>bon dioxide 9 ! air dur+ ,palaeozoic times w\ld h favor$ m rapid c>bonation4 ,:5 granite is dissolv$ by wea!r+1 c>bon unites ) ! pota%1 ! soda1 ! lime1 ! magnesia1 & ! iron1 & turns !m into c>bonates & swells _! bulk4 ,! "o ?+ t is pass$ along f =mation to =mation un*ang$ is ! qu>tz s&4 ,qu>tz is t\gh1 & ! s& we f9d to-day is practically ! same t 0 dissolv$ out ( ! fir/ cry/all9e rocks4 ,take out ( ! soil & out ( ! rocks all t !y owe to ! air1--! oxyg5 & ! c>bon1--& h[ w\ld !y dw9dle6 ,! lime/one rocks w\ld practically disappe>4 ,probably n less t "o f\r? ( all ! s$im5t>y rocks are lime/one1 :i* is ( animal orig94 ,h[ mu* ( ! lime ( :i* ^! rocks 7 built 0 lea*$ out ( ! l&-areas1 & h[ mu* 0 held 9 solution by ! orig9al sea-wat]1 is ( c\rse a "q4 ,b all ! c>bon !y hold came out ( ! air4 ,! wat]s ( ! primordial ocean 7 probably highly *>g$ ) m9]al matt]1 ) v>i\s *lorides & sulphates & c>bonates1 su* z ! sulphate ( soda1 ! sulphate ( lime1 ! sulphate ( magnesia1 ! *loride ( sodium1 & ! l4 ,! *loride ( sodium1 or salt1 rema9s1 :ile mo/ ( ! o!r comp\nds h be5 precipitat$ ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( m9ute =ms ( life1 & n[ =m p>ts ( ! soil & ( ! /ratifi$ rocks b5ea? x4 ,if ! orig9al granite is ! fa!r ( ! rocks1 ! sea is ! "m4 ,9 h] womb !y 7 ge/at$ & =m$4 ,_h n ?is seesaw ( l& & ocean tak5 place1 !re c\ld h be5 no cont95tal gr[?4 ,e "t ! l& took a ba? 9 ! sea1 x came up enri*$ & augm5t$4 ,ea* new lay] ( rocky /rata tak5 on %[$ a m>k$ *ange 9 color & texture4 ,x 0 a k9d ( evolution f t :i* prec$$ x4 ,:e!r ! l& always w5t d[n1 or :e!r ! sea at times came up1 by reason ( "s di/urbance ( ! ocean floors 9 its abysmal dep?s1 we h no means ( kn[+4 ,9 any case1 mo/ ( ! l& has tak5 a sea ba? _m times1 n all tak+ ! plunge at ! same "t1 b diff]5t p>ts go+ d[n 9 successive geologic ages4 ,! orig9al granite upheavals 9 ,briti% ,am]ica1 & 9 ,new ,york & ,new ,engl&1 seem nev] to h tak5 ?is plunge1 except an area ab\t ,lake ,sup]ior :i* geologi/s say has gone d[n f\r or five times4 ,! ,laur5tian & ,adirondack ranges h nev] be5 9 pickle 9 ! sea s9ce !y fir/ saw ! light4 ,9 mo/ o!r p>ts ( ! cont95t1 ! seesaw betwe5 ! sea & ! l& has gone on /eadily f ! fir/1 & has be5 ! *ief means ( ! upbuild+ ( ! l&4 ,to ! sl[ & (t-repeat$ labor-?roes ( ! sea we owe ! cont95ts4 ,b ! sea dev\rs h] *ildr54 ,l>ge areas1 probably cont95tal 9 ext5t1 h gone d[n & h n yet come up1 if !y ev] w4 ,! great ,mississippi ,valley 0 "u wat] & above wat] "t aft] "t dur+ ! ,palaeozoic p]iod4 ,! la/ great invasion ( ! l& by ! sea1 & probably ! greate/ ( all1 seems to h be5 9 ,cretace\s times1 at ! end ( ! ,mesozoic p]iod4 ,!re 7 _m m9or invasions dur+ ,t]ti>y times1 b none on s l>ge a scale z ?is ,cretace\s invasion4 ,at ?is "t a l>ge "p ( ,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica1 & ( ,europe1 & p>ts ( ,asia & ,au/ralia w5t "u ! ocean4 ,x 0 z if ! e>? _h exhal$ h] brea? & let h] abdom5 fall4 ,! sea unit$ ! ,gulf ( ,mexico ) ! ,arctic ,ocean1 & cov]$ ! ,prairie & ! ,gulf ,/ates & came up ov] ,new ,j]sey to ! foot ( ! ,ar*aean ,highl&s4 ,?is great m>9e inundation probably took place sev]al million ye>s ago4 ,x 0 ?is visitation ( ! sea t add$ ! va/ *alk b$s to ,engl& & ,france4 ,9 p>ts ( ?is c\ntry lime/one b$s five or six ?\s& feet ?ick 7 laid d[n1 z well z ext5sive *alk b$s4 ,! e>? seems to h tak5 ano!r hit* 9 h] girdle dur+ ?is era4 ,z ! l& w5t d[n1 ! m\nta9s came up4 ,mo/ ( ! great ,we/]n m\nta9-*a9s 7 =m$ dur+ ?is movem5t1 & ! m\nta9s ( ,mexico 7 pu%$ up4 ,! ,alps 7 /ill "u ! sea1 b ! ,si]ra & ! ,alleghanies 7 aga9 lift$4 ,x is v int]e/+ to me to "k t 9 ,colorado *>r$ wood1 & ev5 *>coal1 h be5 f\nd 9 ,cretace\s deposits4 ,! fact seems to give a human t\* to t long-gone "t4 ,x 01 ( c\rse1 long ages be=e ! evolution ( man1 z man1 _h tak5 place1 yet su* is ! p[] ( association1 t ^? *>r$ /icks in/antly call him to m9d1 z if we _h come ^u ! place ( 8 la/ campfire4 ,at any rate1 x is some?+ to "k t man1 :5 he did come1 did n h to discov] or inv5t fire1 b t ?is elem5t1 :i* has play$ su* a l>ge "p 9 8 developm5t & civilization1 0 "h be=e him1 wait+1 l s _m o!r ?+s 9 nature1 to be 8 s]vant & fri5d4 ,z ,vulcan 0 ev]y:]e rampant dur+ ?is age1 ?r[+ out en\gh lava 9 ,india alone to put a lava blanket f\r or five feet ?ick ov] ! :ole surface ( ! globe1 x 0 probably ?is fire t *>r$ ! wood4 ,x w\ld be int]e/+ to "k if ^! enorm\s lava-fl[s always foll[$ ! subsid5ce ( "s "p ( ! e>?'s cru/4 ,9 ,cretace\s times bo? ! subsid5ce & ! lava- fl[s seem to h be5 worldwide4 ,,iv ,we seem to ?9k t ! e>? has s[n all h] wild oats1 t h] riot\s y\? is f> beh9d h]1 & t %e is n[ pass+ into a s]5e old age4 ,_h we liv$ dur+ any ( ! great p]iods ( ! pa/1 we might h _h ! same impression1 s tranquil1 = ! mo/ "p1 has be5 ! e>?'s hi/ory1 s sl[ & rhy?mical h be5 ! beats ( ! great clock ( "t4 ,we see ?is 9 ! homog5eity ( ! /ratifi$ rocks1 lay] ^u lay] = ?\s&s ( feet z uni=m 9 texture & quality z ! goods a mod]n factory turns out1 e y>d ( x l e o!r y>d4 ,no hit* or break any:]e4 ,! b$d+-planes ( _m k9ds ( rock occur at z regul> int]vals z if !y _h be5 det]m9$ by "s k9d ( ma*9]y4 ,"h1 on ! =mation :]e ,i live1 !re are alt]nate lay]s ( slate & s&/one1 ?ree or f\r in*es ?ick1 = ?\s&s ( feet 9 ext5t2 !y succe$ ea* o!r z regul>ly z ! bricks & mort> 9 a brick wall1 & are q z homog5e\s4 ,:at does ?is mean b t = an incalculable p]iod ! processes ( erosion & deposition w5t on z tranquilly z a summ] day8 ,!re 0 no /rike among ! workm51 & no *ange 9 ! plan ( ! build+1 or 9 ! mat]ial4 ,! ,silurian lime/one1 ! old r$ s&/one1 ! ,hamilton flag1 ! ,oneida conglom]ate1 :]e ,i h kn[n !m1 are z homog5e\s z a sn[bank1 or z ! ice on a m\nta9 lake2 gra9 ^u gra91 all f ! same s\rce 9 ea* case1 & sift$ & sort$ by ! same ag5ts1 & ! f9i%$ product z uni=m 9 color & quality z ! output ( "s great mill4 ,!n1 aft] a va/ int]val1 !re comes a break3 some?+ l an end & a new beg9n+1 z if "o day ( creation 7 f9i%$ & a new "o begun4 ,! diff]5t =mations lie uncon=mably ^u ea* o!r1 :i* means revolution ( "s sort4 ,!re has be5 a /rike or a riot 9 ! great mill1 or x has la9 idle = a long p]iod1 & :5 x has resum$1 a diff]5t product is ! result4 ,some?+ happ5$ betwe5 ea* two lay]s4 ,:at8 ,?\gh 9 remote geological ages ! e>?-build+ & e>?-%ap+ =ces 7 und\bt$ly m active ?an !y are n[1 & p]iods ( de=mation & upheaval 7 m frequ5t1 yet _h we liv$ 9 any ( ^? p]iods we %\ld probably h f\nd ! c\rse ( nature1 c]ta9ly :5 measur$ by human g5]ations1 z ev5 & tranquil z we f9d x to-day4 ,! great movem5ts are s sl[ & g5tle1 = ! mo/ "p1 t we %\ld n h be5 aw>e ( !m _h we be5 on ! spot4 ,once 9 a million or a half-million ye>s !re may h be5 t]rific e>?quakes & volcanic eruptions1 su* z seem to h tak5 place 9 ,t]ti>y "t1 & at ! end ( ! ,palaeozoic p]iod4 ,yet ! va/ /ret*es ( "t betwe5 7 evid5tly times ( tranquillity4 ,x is probable t ! great glacial w9t] ( ,plei/oc5e times came on z gradually z our own w9t]1 or ?r\gh a long p]iod ( sl[ly fall+ temp]ature1 & z x seems to h be5 _m hundr$ ?\s& times z long1 ?is prec$+ p]iod1 or great fall1 0 probably equally long--s long t ! :ole ( record$ human hi/ory w\ld =m b a small fraction ( x4 ,x may easily be1 ,i ?9k1 t we are n[ liv+ 9 ! spr+ ( ! great cycle ( geologic seasons4 ,! great ice-%eet has )drawn into ! ,f> ,nor? l sn[banks t l+] 9 our wood 9 late spr+1 :]e x /ill cov]s ,gre5l& z x once cov]$ ?is c\ntry4 ,:5 ! season ( summ] is rea*$1 "s hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( ye>s h5ce1 x may be t tropical life1 bo? animal & vegetable1 w aga9 fl\ri% on ! %ores ( ! ,arctic ,ocean1 z x did 9 ,t]ti>y times4 ,& all ?is *ange w come ab\t s quietly & s sl[ly t nobody w suspect x4 ,t ! cru/ ( ! e>? is becom+ m & m /able seems a natural conclusion1 b t all fold+ & %e>+ & disruption ( ! /rata are at an end1 is a conclusion we _c rea* 9 ! face ( ! !ory t ! e>? is %r9k+ z x cools4 ,! e>? cools & contracts ) almo/ inf9ite sl[ness1 & ! great cru/al *anges t take place g on1 = ! mo/ "p1 s quietly & g5tly t we %\ld n suspect !m 7 we pres5t on ! spot1 & long g5]ations w\ld n suspect !m4 ,elevations h tak5 place across ! b$s ( riv]s )\t deflect+ ! c\rse ( ! riv]2 ! process 0 s sl[ t ! riv] saw$ d[n ?r\gh ! rock z fa/ z x came up4 ,ne>ly all ! great cosmic & t]re/rial *anges & revolutions are veil$ f u by ?is immeasurable lapse ( "t4 ,any pr$iction ab\t ! p]man5ce ( ! l& z we "k x1 or z ! race has kn[n x1 or ( our immunity f e>?quakes or volcanic eruptions1 or ( a *ange ( climate1 or ( any cosmic cata/rophe1 bas$ on human exp]i5ce1 is va9 & wor?less4 ,:at is or has be5 9 man's "t is no crit]ion z to :at w be 9 ,god's "t4 ,! p]iods ( great upheaval & de=mation 9 ! e>?'s cru/ appe> to be sep>at$ by millions ( ye>s4 ,away back 9 pre-,cambrian times1 !re appe> to h be5 imm5se p]iods dur+ :i* ! peace & repose ( ! globe 7 z pr(\nd z 9 our own "t4 ,!n at ! end ( ,palaeozoic "t--h[ _m millions ( ye>s is only conjectural--! truce ( aeons 0 brok51 & ! dogs ( w> let loose2 x 0 a p]iod ( revolution :i* result$ 9 ! mak+ ( "o ( our greate/ m\nta9-sy/ems1 ! ,appala*ian1 & 9 an unprec$5t$ ext9ction ( species4 ,lat] eras h witness$ simil> revolutions4 ,:y may !y n come aga98 ,! %r9k+ ( ! cool+ globe mu/ /ill g on1 & ?is %r9k+ mu/ give rise to surface di/urbances & dislocations1 maybe 9 ! uplift ( new m\nta9-ranges f ! sea-bottom1 n[ undream$ (1 & 9 volcanic eruptions z great z any 9 ! pa/4 ,su* a %r9kage & eruption made ! ,hawaiian ,isl&s1 probably 9 ,t]ti>y times2 su* a %r9kage may make o!r isl&s & o!r cont95ts be=e ano!r p]iod ( equal "t has elaps$4 ,( c\rse ! p]iods & eras into :i* ! geologi/s divide geologic "t are z arbitr>y z ! mon?s & seasons into :i* we divide our ye>1 & !y fade out into ea* o!r 9 mu* ! same way2 b !y are really z m>k$ z our seasonal divisions4 ,n 9 _! climates--= ! climate ( ! globe seems to h be5 uni=mly w>m f pole to pole1 )\t climatic zones1 ?r\gh\t ! va/ /ret* ( ,palaeozoic & ,mesozoic times--b 9 ! succession ( animal & vegetable life :i* !y %[4 ,! rocks are ! cemet]ies ( ! diff]5t =ms ( life t h appe>$ ^u ! globe1 & "h ! geologi/ reads _! succession 9 "t1 & assigns !m to 8 geologic horizons accord+ly4 ,! same or alli$ =ms appe>$ ^u all p>ts ( ! e>? at approximately ! same "t1 s t he c trace 8 diff]5t =mations ar\nd ! _w by ! fossils !y hold4 ,ea* p]iod _h its dom9ant =ms4 ,! ,silurian 0 ! great age ( trilobites2 ! ,devonian1 ! age ( fi%es2 ,mesozoic times sw>m ) ! gigantic reptiles2 & 9 ,t]ti>y times ! mammals are dom9ant4 ,ea* p]iod & era has its root 9 t :i* prec$$ x4 ,!re 7 rude1 half-def9$ fi%es 9 ! ,silurian1 & probably ! beg9n+ ( amphibians 9 ! ,devonian1 & "s small mammalian =ms 9 ! ,mesozoic "t1 & d\btless rude /udies ( ! g5us ,homo 9 ,t]ti>y times4 ,nature works up h] high] =ms ,jike a human inv5tor f rude beg9n+s4 ,h] fir/ models b>ely sugge/ h] lat] a*ievem5ts4 ,9 ! vegetable _w x has be5 ! same2 f ! fir/ simple algae 9 ! ,cambrian seas up to ! =e/s ( our own times1 ! gradation is easily trac$4 ,/ep by /ep has vegetable life m\nt$4 ,! great majority ( ! plants & animals ( "o p]iod fail to pass ov] into ! next1 j z our spr+ fl[]s fail to pass ov] into summ]1 & our summ] fl[]s into fall4 ,b ! law ( evolution is at "w1 & life always rises on /epp+-/ones ( its dead self to high] ?+s4 ,v ,,holidays ,,9 ,,hawaii ,i ,on ! edge ( ! _w my isl&s lie1 s+s ,mrs4 ,fre> 9 h] little lyric on ! ,hawaiian ,isl&s4 ,on ! edge ( ! _w my isl&s lie1 ,"u ! sun-/eep$ sky2 ,& _! wav+ palms ,are b\nte\s alms ,to ! s\l-sp5t pass]-by4 ,on ! edge ( ! _w my isl&s sleep ,9 a slumb] s(t & deep4 ,:at %\ld !y "k ,( a _w ( woe1 ,& myriad m5 t weep8 ,on ! rim ( ! _w my fancy seem$ to see !m t ,may day :5 we w5t abo>d ! huge ,pacific /eam%ip 9 ,san ,francisco ,h>bor1 & %e po9t$ h] pr[ we/w>d t[>d ! va/ wild]ness ( ! ,pacific--on ! edge ( ! _w1 look+ out & d[n across ! va/ wat] t[>d ,asia & ,au/ralia4 ,i wond]$ if ! great iron %ip c\ld f9d !m1 & if we %\ld realize or visualize ! geography or ! a/ronomy :5 we got !re1 & see ourselves on ! huge rotundity ( ! globe n f> above h] equatorial girdle4 ,yes1 on ! rim ( ! _w !y lie to ! travel] /eam+ t[>d !m1 & on ! rim ( ! _w !y lie 9 8 memory aft] 8 return1 bask+ !re 9 t tropical sunlight1 =ev] fann$ by ^? cool+ trade w9ds1 & encompass$ by t morn+-glory sea4 ,) my m9d's eye ,i behold !m ris+ f t enorm\s abyss ( ! ,pacific1 fire-born & ra9-c>v$1 va/ volcanic m\nta9s miles deep "u ! sea1 & 9 "s cases miles high above x1 clo!d ) v]dure & teem+ ) life1 ! sc5e ( long-gone cosmic /rife & de/ruction1 n[ ! abode ( rural & civic peace & pl5ty4 ,! ,pacific treat$ me s mu* bett] ?an ! ,atlantic ev] _h t ,i am probably incl9$ to ov]e/imate ev]y?+ ,i saw on ! voyage4 ,x 0 ! fir/ trip at sea t ev] gave me any pleasure4 ,! huge vessels are 9 !mselves a great com=t1 & 9 ! placid wat]s & ! slid+ d[n ! rotund side ( ! great globe "u w>m] & w>m] skies "o ga9s a v agreeable exp]i5ce4 ,! fir/ day's run mu/ h c>ri$ u out & ov] t huge ,pacific abyss1 ! ,tusc>ora ,deep1 :]e !re 7 ne>ly f\r miles ( wat] "u u4 ,"s ( our a]oplanes h gone up half t di/ance & disappe>$ f sight4 ,i fancy t our %ip1 m ?an six hundr$ feet long1 w\ld h appe>$ a v small object1 float+ across ?is br9y firmam5t1 c\ld "o h look$ up at x f ! bottom ( t sea4 ,! ,hawaiian ,isl&s rise f ! bord] ( t va/ deep1 & "o c fancy h[ t huge pot mu/ h boil$ back 9 ,t]ti>y times1 :5 ! r$-hot lava ( :i* !y are ma9ly built up 0 p\r$ f ! int]ior ( ! globe4 ,s(t] & m balmy grew ! air e day1 m & m placid & ri*ly t9t$ grew ! sea1 till1 on ! morn+ ( ! six? day1 we saw ahead ( u1 l[ on ! horizon1 ! dim outl9es ( ! m\nta9s ( ,molokai4 ,! isl& ( ,oahu1 ^u :i* ,honolulu is situat$1 0 soon 9 sight4 ,x 0 n long be=e we saw ,diamond ,head1 a va/ crat] b[l1 eight hundr$ feet high on its ocean side1 & half a mile across1 sitt+ !re ^u ! %ore l "s huge1 /range "w ( man's h&1 runn+ back ?r\gh ! hills ) a level rim1 & seaw>d ) a slop+ base1 br[n & ribb$1 & 9 e way unique & /rik+4 ,we 7 approa*+ a l& ! *ild ( tropic seas & volcanic lava1 & _m ( ! features 7 new & /range to u4 ,! m\nta9s look$ famili> 9 outl9e1 b ! colors ( ! l&scape1 ! s(t lilacs1 gre5s1 & br[ns1 & ! :ole atmosph]e ( ! sc5e1 7 unlike any?+ we _h ev] be=e se54 ,& ,diamond ,head1 :at a feature x 06 ,_h x only _h a head1 "o c\ld easily h se5 9 x a sugge/ion ( a c\*ant lion1 bony1 huge1 & tawny1 look+ seaw>d1 & gu>d+ ! h>bor ( ,honolulu :i* lies j beh9d x4 ,into ?is h>bor1 9 ! s(t morn+ air1 our %ip soon f\nd its way1 & ! monotony ( ! va/1 unpeopl$ sea 0 quickly succe$$ by human sc5es ( ! mo/ v>i$ & animat$ "*1 n ! lea/ novel ( :i* 7 ! sw>ms ( half-amphibi\s native boys :o surr\nd$ ! vessel z %e lay at ! :>f1 & ) br[n1 upturn$ faces & beckon+ h&s tempt$ ! pass5g]s to toss dimes into ! wat]4 ,z ! co9s /ruck ! surface !y w\ld dive ) ! ease & quickness ( seals1 & seize ! silv] app>5tly be=e x _h gone a y>d t[>d ! bottom4 ,hold+ ! co9s up to view betwe5 ! ?umb & f+]1 !y w\ld slip !m into _! m\?s & solicit m4 ,on %ore we 7 greet$ ) ! music ( ! ,royal ,hawaiian ,b&1 & a motley cr[d ( ,hawaiians1 ,japanese1 ,*9ese1 ,portuguese1 & ,am]icans1 be>+ color$ leis1 or wrea?s ( fl[]s1 :i* !y wav$ at fri5ds on bo>d1 & ) :i* !y b$eck$ !m z soon z !y came (f ! gangplank4 ,x 0 a ,babel ( tongues 9 :i* ! /range1 v[el-*ok$ language ( ! ,hawaiians 0 conspicu\s4 ,honolulu is a beautiful city1 clean1 bright1 well ord]$1 & well appo9t$1--electric lights1 good /reets1 electric c>s1 f9e hotels & clubs1 excell5t fire protection1 m\nta9 wat]1 libr>ies1 p>ks1 h&some build+s1 attractive homes1--9 fact1 all t we boa/ ( 9 our home cities4 ,embosom$ 9 palms1 ) mangoes1 & o!r tropical trees1 ) a pr(usion ( gorge\sly color$ v9es & h$ges1 ) spaci\s1 well-kept gr\nds ab\t ! l>ge & com=table h\ses 9 ! resid5tial portion--^! features1 ) ! ready hospitality ( ! p1 made our he>ts w>m t[>ds x at once4 ,volcanic heights on all ! l& side look d[n ^u ! city4 ,m\nt ,tantalus1 ris+ f\r ?\s& feet above ! sea1 is j back ( x1 ) its long slopes ( volcanic a% & s& n[ clo!d by =e/s & f]tile fields1 & a huge anci5t crat] call$ ! ,pun* ,b[l1 born probably on ! selfsame day1 ! geologi/s ?9k1 z ,diamond ,head1 dom9ates ! city 9 ! imm$iate =egr\nd4 ,if ! ,pun* ,b[l 7 aga9 to ov]fl[ ) ! fi]y liquid1 ! city w\ld soon g up 9 smoke4 ,b its b[l-l int]ior is n[ cov]$ ) grass & trees1 & pres5ts a sc5e ( ! mo/ peaceful1 rural "*4 ,! ,ori5t & ! ,occid5t meet 9 ,honolulu4 ,!re ,asia & ,am]ica jo9 h&s4 ,! ma9 features ( ! city are decid$ly ,am]ican1 b ! p se5 ^u ! /reet & at "w indoors & out are m ?an half ,ori5tal4 ,! native population cuts only a small figure4 ,! real work]s--c>p5t]s1 masons1 field h&s1 & h\se s]vants--are mo/ly ,japanese4 ,virtually all ! "w ( ! imm5se sug> plantations is done by ! little br[n m5 & wom51 :ile ,*9a supplies "s ( ! m]*ants 9 ! city & ! sailors & /ew>ds on ! ocean /eam]s4 ,:at admirable s]vants ! ,*9ese make1 s respectful1 s prompt1 s sil5t1 s quick to compreh5d6 ,! ,japanese h\se s]vants on ! isl&s also give effici5t & graci\s s]vice4 ,i _h gone to ,honolulu reluctantly1 b t>ri$ !re joyfully4 ,! f9e climate1 ) its ev5 temp]ature ( ab\t eighty degrees ,fahr5heit1 & ) all t is en]vat+ or oppressive 9 t degree ( heat w9n[$ out ( x by ! ceaseless trade w9ds2 ! almo/ unbrok5 sun%9e1 p]fum$ n[ & !n by a spr9kle ( sunlit ra9 f ! m\nta9s2 ! wond]ful sea lav+ ! %ores on ! "o h& & ! cool1 cl\d-capp$1 & ra9-dr5*$ heights )9 easy rea* on ! o!r2 ! gre51 cozy valleys2 ! broad sweep ( pla92 ! new1 /range nature on e side2 ! novel & delici\s fruits2 ! peps9-*>g$ papaya1 or tree melon1 :i* tickles ! palate :ile x heals & r5ews ! :ole dige/ive sy/em2 ! mangoes 7oh1 ! mangoes672 ! cordiality ( ! p2 ! invit+ bungal[s2 ! clean /reets2 ! good s]vice ev]y:]e--all made me feel h[ mi/ak5 0 my reluctance4 ,mo/ ( ! ,am]icans "o meets !re are desc5dants ( ! mission>ies :o w5t out f ,new ,engl& & ,new ,york e>ly 9 ! la/ c5tury1 & "o feels at home ) !m at once4 ,_m ( ! resid5ts !re h be5 educat$ 9 ! ,/ates4 ,! ,gov]nor1 ,mr4 ,fre>1 is a graduate ( ,yale2 8 wife is a graduate ( ,wellesley4 ,"o day a *>m+ ,s\!rn woman1 presid5t ( ! ,college ,club1 invit$ u to meet ! college wom5 ( ! city4 ,! ga!r+ took place "u ! trees ^u ! lawn ( "o ( ! old] home/eads4 ,!re 7 =ty college wom5 pres5t1 _m ( !m tea*]s1 f ,vass>1 ,wellesley1 ,smi?1 ,bryn ,mawr1 & ,b>n>d4 ,among !m 7 two girls :o _h visit$ me at my cab91 ,slabsides1 :ile !y 7 at ,vass>4 ,wide z is ! _w1 ! travel] is pretty sure to /rike ?reads ( relation ) 8 home c\ntry :]ev] he goes4 ,i made ! acqua9tance 9 ,honolulu ( a man f my own c\nty2 ano!r1 :o %[$ u great k9dness1 0 f an adjo9+ c\nty2 :ile "o day ^u ! /reet ,i 0 call$ by "n by a man :om ,i _h kn[n z a boy 9 ! t[n :]e ,i n[ live4 ,"o ,saturday a walk+-club1 l>gely made up ( m5 & wom5 tea*]s1 ^: native ,hawaiian "n meant ,walk]s 9 ,unfrequ5t$ ,places1 ask$ u to jo9 !m 9 a walk up ,palola ,valley to ! site ( an ext9ct crat] well up 9 ! m\nta9s4 ,^! walk]s 9 unfrequ5t$ places prov$ to be real walk]s1 & gave u all & m ?an we _h b>ga9$ =--m mud & wet & slipp]y trails ?r\gh cl++ v9es & rank lantana scrub ?an 0 good = our %oes & g>m5ts or = ! bodies inside !m4 ,x 0 a long pull ( _m miles1 at fir/ up ! valley ov] a fair highway1 !n into ! woods on ! m\nta9-side along a trail t 0 muddy & slipp]y f ! rec5t %[]s1 & mo/ ( ! "t 0 buri$ out ( sight b5ea? ! high1 co>se /ag-horn f]n & a ?ick gr[? ( lantana t met above x z high z our %\ld]s4 ,a m disc\rag+ m\nta9 climb ,i nev] und]took4 ,! vegetation 0 all novel1 b x _h t b>b>ic rankness ( all tropical woods1 ) no?+ ( ! sylvan sweetness & simplicity ( our home woods4 ,!re 7 no f9e1 t[]+ trees1 b l[1 gn>l$1 & tortu\s ones1 :i*1 ) _! hang+ v9es1 l ! brok5 ropes ( a %ip's rigg+1 & _! p>asitic gr[?s1 pres5t$ a riot\s1 di%evel$ appe>ance4 ,nature 9 ! tropics1 left to h]self1 is h>%1 aggressive1 savage2 looks z ?\gh %e want$ to hang y ) h] dangl+ ropes1 or impale y on h] ?orns1 or engulf y 9 h] ranks ( gigantic f]ns4 ,h] mood is nev] z placid & sane z 9 ! ,nor?4 ,!re is a tree 9 ! ,hawaiian woods t sugge/s a tree gone mad4 ,x is call$ ! hau-tree4 ,x lies d[n1 squirms1 & wriggles all ov] ! gr\nd l a w\nd$ snake2 x gets up1 & !n takes to e>? aga94 ,n[ x wants to be a v9e1 n[ x wants to be a tree4 ,x ?r[s som]saults1 x makes itself into loops & r+s1 x rolls1 x rea*es1 x d\bles ^u itself4 ,altoge!r x is ! crazie/ vegetable gr[? ,i ev] saw4 ,:]e y c get x up (f ! gr\nd & let x p]=m its antics on a broad skeleton framework1 x makes a cov] t no sunbeam c p5etrate1 & =ms a liv+ ro( to ! mo/ *>m+ v]&as--or lanais1 z !y are call$ 9 ! isl&s--t "o c wi% to see4 ,b ,i saw & he>d "o ?+ on ?is walk t /ruck a diff]5t note3 x 0 "o ( ! native birds1 ! ,oahu ?ru%4 ,! mom5t ,i he>d x ,i 0 rem9d$ ( our br[n ?ra%]1 ?\gh ! song1 or :i/le1 0 mu* f9] & ri*] 9 tone ?an t ( our bird4 ,! glimpse ,i got ( ! bird %[$ x to be ( ab\t ! size & %ape ( our ?ra%]1 b mu* bright] 9 color4 ,x seems z ?\gh ! two species mu/ h _h a common orig9 "s "t1 some:]e4 ,i 0 attract$ by no o!r native bird on ?is walk4 ,9 ! valley bel[ we _h se5 & he>d ! ,*9ese workm5 go+ ab\t _! rice-fields mak+ /range s\nds to drive away ! rice-birds1 a small1 br[n species t has be5 introduc$ f ,india4 ,:5 we rea*$ ! m\nta9-top1 we f\nd x envelop$ 9 fog & mi/1 & ! sc5e 0 cold & *e]less4 ,we look$ d[n ?r\gh a scre5 ( foliage into a deep valley t seem$ almo/ b5ea? u1 & :i* is suppos$ to h be5 an anci5t crat]4 ,!re1 on ! br9k1 ! walk]s _h a rude cab91 :]e we ate our lun* beside a fire & tri$ to dry our b$raggl$ g>m5ts4 ,f ?is po9t "s ( ! p>ty cont9u$ _! walk1 look+ = m unfrequ5t$ places1 b "s ( u _h long+s ! o!r way1 & retrac$ our /eps t[>d ! sunlight & ! dri] w9ds we _h left4 ,we rea*$ t[n footsore & b$raggl$1 & ! little ,japanese :o clean$ & press$ my suit ( clo!s1 & made !m look z good z new = sev5ty-five c5ts1 well e>n$ 8 money4 ,! walk ( eight or t5 miles :i* we took two weeks lat] ) ,gov]nor ,fre> & 8 wife1 up ! new ,ca/le trail to ! m\nta9-top beh9d ,tantalus1 _h "s features 9 common ) ! fir/ walk1--! increas+ mi/ & coolness z we ent]$ ! m\nta9s1 ! dripp+ bu%es1 & ! slipp]y pa?s1--b we got f9] views1 & f\nd a bett]-kept trail4 ,our walk end$ on ! top ( a n>r[ ridge ( ! m\nta91 :]e we ate our lun* 9 a cold1 driv+ mi/ & 7 a bit uncom=table4 ,i 0 int]e/$ 9 ! "* ( ! ridge ^u :i* we sat4 ,x 0 n m ?an six feet wide1 a scre5 ( volcanic rock worn almo/ to an edge1 & sep>at$ two valleys six or sev5 hundr$ feet deep4 ,! ,gov]nor said he c\ld take me :]e ! divid+ ridge betwe5 ! two valleys 0 s n>r[ t "o c\ld lit]ally sit a/ride ( x1 s t "o leg w\ld po9t to "o valley & ! o!r to ! o!r4 ,?is is a feature ( a new c\ntry geologically2 ! ra9s & o!r ag5ts ( erosion h :ittl$ ! m\nta9s to %>p edges1 b h n yet r\nd$ or level$ !m4 ,! nor!a/ trade w9ds :i* bl[ ^u ^! isl&s n9e mon?s 9 ! ye> br+ a burd5 ( moi/ure f ! ,pacific :i* is cond5s$ into ra9 & mi/ by ! m\nta9s1 & :i*1 ) ! rank vegetation t x fo/]s1 c>ves !m & %>p5s !m l a great gr9d/one revolv+ aga9/ _! sides4 ,at a place call$ ! ,pali--& at ! ,ne$les1 on ! isl& ( ,maui--x has worn ?r\gh ! m\nta9-*a9 & made deep & v picturesque gorges :]e1 9 ! case ( ! ,pali1 ! w9d is s /rong & /eady t y c almo/ lie d[n ^u x4 ,x 0 ne> ! ,pali t ,i saw :at ,i _h nev] se5 or he>d ( be=e--a wat]fall rev]s$1 go+ up in/ead ( d[n4 ,x sugge/$ ,/ockton's /ory ( negative gravity4 ,a small brook comes d[n (f ! m\nta9 & attempts to make ! leap d[n a high precipice2 b ! w9ds cat* x & c>ry x /raight up 9 ! air l smoke4 ,x is translat$2 x becomes a m]e wrai? hov]+ above ! beetl+ crag4 ,night & day ?is goes on1 ! w9d snat*+ f ! m\nta9s 9 ?is summ>y way ! wat] x has br\ght !m4 ,on ! walk ) ! ,gov]nor we made ! acqua9tance ( "s ( ! l& %ells = :i* ^! isl&s are fam\s--pretty1 pe>l-l little :orls liv+ on ! l>ge/ trees1 & ab\t ! size ( a *ipp+ sp>r['s egg1 ) po9t$ ends1 v>i\sly color$4 ,!re are m ?an two hundr$ species on ! diff]5t isl&s1 ,i ?9k1 ea* valley hav+ v>ieties peculi> to itself1 %[+ :at a factor isolation is 9 ! evolution ( new species4 ,! ,gov]nor & 8 wife1 & a "y man :o _h specializ$ 9 con*ology1 pluck$ !m f ne>ly e bu% & tree2 b my eye1 be+ untra9$ 9 ?is k9d ( "w1 0 v sl[ 9 f9d+ !m4 ,com+ d[n f ^! ,hawaiian m\nta9s is l com+ out ( a dripp+ t5t ( cl\ds into ! cle>1 w>m sun%9e4 ,! *ange is mo/ delightful4 ,y\r clo?+ dries v quickly1 & *ill9ess gives place to g5ial w>m?4 ,& ! prospects t op5 be=e y1 ! glimpses d[n into ^! deep1 yell[-gre51 crat]-l valleys1 *eck]$ ) neat little ,*9ese f>ms1 ! panorama ( ! city & ! sea unroll+ z y come d[n1 & always ,diamond ,head /&+ gu>d !re to ! ea/--h[ ! vision ( x all l+]s 9 ! memory6 ,9 climb+ ! heights1 x 0 always a surprise to me to see ! ,pacific rise up z ,i rose1 till x /ood up l a great blue wall !re aga9/ ! horizon4 ,a level pla9 unrolls 9 ! same way z we m\nt above x1 b x does n produce ! same illusion ( ris+ up l a wall or a m\nta9-range2 ! blue1 facile wat] *eats ! eye4 ,"o ( ! novel pleasures 9 :i* mo/ travel]s indulge :ile 9 ,honolulu is surf-rid+ at ,waikiki1 ne> ,diamond ,head4 ,! sea1 ) a floor ( lava & coral1 is "h %all[ = a long di/ance out1 & ! surf comes 9 at int]vals l a l9e ( /e$s cant]+ ov] a pla94 ,we w5t out 9 our ba?+-suits 9 a long1 heavy dug\t1 ) a lu/y native o>sman 9 ea* end4 ,:5 sev]al hundr$ y>ds f %ore1 we saw1 on look+ seaw>d1 ! long1 %9+ bill[s com+1 :]eupon our o>sm5 head$ ! canoe t[>d %ore1 & pli$ _! paddles ) utmo/ vigor1 utt]+ simultane\sly a curi\s1 excit$ cry4 ,9 a mom5t ! break] caught u &1 9 "s way hold+ u on its cre/1 %ot u t[>d ! %ore l an arr[4 ,! s5sation is novel & ?rill+4 ,! foam flies2 ! wat]s leap ab\t y4 ,y are coa/+ on ! sea1 & y %\t ) delight & pray = ! s5sation to cont9ue4 ,b x is quickly ov]4 ,! hurry+ break] slips f "u y1 & leaves y 9 ! tr\gh1 :ile x goes foam+ on ! %ore4 ,!n y turn ab\t & r[ out f ! %ore aga91 & wait = ano!r *ance to be %ot t[>d ! l& on ! foam+ cre/ ( a great ,pacific wave4 ,i suppose ! trick is 9 ! skill ( ! o>sm5 9 hold+ ! boat on ! pit* ( ! bill[ s t 9 its ru% x takes y ) x4 ,! native boys d ! feat /&+ on a plank4 ,i 0 tempt$ to try ?is myself1 b ( c\rse made a comical failure4 ,"o ( my pleasant surprises 9 ,honolulu--"o t gave ! t\* ( nature :i* made me feel less a /rang] !re--0 le>n+ t ! ,european skyl>k _h be5 introduc$ & 0 ?riv+ on ! grassy slopes back ( ! city4 ,! m9a1 a species ( />l+ f ,india z l>ge z our rob9 & r %[ily dress$1 ) a l\d1 /rid5t voice1 ,i _h se5 & he>d ev]y:]e bo? 9 t[n & c\ntry1 b he 0 a /rang] & did n appeal to me4 ,b ! ?\ght ( ! skyl>k br\ght ,%elley & ,wordswor?1 & ,engli% d[ns & mead[s1 ne> to me at once1 & ,i 0 eag] to he> x4 ,s e>ly "o morn+ we left ! ,pleasanton1 our t>ry+-place1 & climb$ ! long1 pa/oral slope above ! city1 :]e cattle & horses 7 graz+1 & li/5$ = ?is m9/rel f ! mo!rl&4 ,we _h n long to wait4 ,sure en\gh1 n f> f u !re sprang f ! turf ,%elley's bird1 & w5t climb+ 8 invisible spiral t[>d ! sky1 p\r+ out ^? hurri$1 ec/atic notes1 j z ,i _h he>d him above ! ,s\? ,d[ns ( ,engl&4 ,x 0 a mom5t ( ke5 delight to me4 ,! bird so>$ & hov]$1 drift+ ab\t1 z x 71 be=e ! impetu\s curr5t ( 8 song1 ) all ! joy & ab&on ) :i* ! poets h cr$it$ him4 ,x 0 l a bit ( ,engli% lit]ature vocal 9 ! air !re above ^! ali5 sc5es4 ,pres5tly ano!r w5t up1 & !n ano!r1 & /ill ano!r1 ! s+]s behav+ 9 e respect z !y d by ! ,avon & ! ,twe$1 & = a mom5t ,i seem$ to be brea?+ ! air t ,wordswor? & ,%elley brea!d4 ,if our excursion _h tak5 u only to ! isl& ( ,oahu & its beautiful city1 x w\ld h be5 em95tly wor? :ile1 b ! la/ week 9 ,may we took :at is call$ ! int]-isl& trip1 a six days' voyage among ! v>i\s isl&s1 :5 we visit$ ! great ext9ct crat] ( ,haleakala on ,maui1 & ! active volcano ,kilauea on ,hawaii4 ,x is a voyage ov] sev]al r\gh *annels 9 a small /eam]1 & my fri5ds said1 ,if y h n yet paid tribute to ,neptune1 y w pay x n[4 ,b ,i did n4 ,my companions 7 pro/rat$1 b ,i see ,neptune respects age1 & my slumb]s 7 undi/urb$4 ,a wireless message _h gone to ,mr4 ,aik51 on ! isl& ( ,maui1 to meet u ) 8 automobile 9 ! morn+ at ! l&+ at ,kahului4 ,we 7 tak5 to ! %ore on a light]1 along ) ! horses & c>go1 & !re f\nd our new fri5d await+ u4 ,! great m\nta9 ( ,haleakala rose up 9 a long l9e aga9/ ! sky on ! left1 & ! deeply erod$ & canyon$ m\nta9s ( ! old]1 or we/1 end ( ! isl& on our "r4 ,t[>d ! latt] our guide took u4 ,x 0 a pleasant sp9 along ! good roads1 9 ! fre% morn+ air1 ne> ! bea*1 to ,wailuku1 ! %ire t[n ( ! isl&1 two or ?ree miles di/ant4 ,"h we 7 mo/ hospitably ent]ta9$ 9 ! home ( ,mr4 ,p5hall[1 ! director ( a l>ge sug> plantation4 ,"h = ! fir/ "t 9 my life ,i saw a gang ( /eam pl[s work+1 pull$ by a /ation>y eng9e at ea* end ( ! field1 & turn+ ov] ! r$1 heavy volcanic soil4 ,! "w 0 ma9ly 9 ! h&s ( ,japanese1 & 0 well done4 ,we aft]w>d saw ,japanese by ! score1 bo? m5 & wom51 plant+ a l>ge area ( newly pl[$ l& ) sug>-cane4 ,aft] we 7 re/$ & refre%$1 & _h sampl$ ! mangoes t _h fall5 f a tree ne> ! h\se1 ,mr4 ,aik5 took u 9 8 automobile up into ! fam\s ,iao ,valley1 at ! m\? ( :i* ,wailuku is situat$4 ,x is a deep1 /rik+ *asm c>v$ out ( ! m\nta9 by ! /ream1 rank ) v]dure ( v>i\s k9ds1 & look$ d[n ^u by %>p peaks & ridges five or six ?\s& feet high4 ,we soon rea*$ ! cle> rapid1 brawl+ /ream1 z bright z a ,catskill m\nta9 tr\t brook1 & aft] a mile or two along its c\rse we came to ! end ( ! road1 :]e we left ! ma*9e & took a trail t w\nd onw>d & upw>d ov] a slipp]y surface & ?r\gh dripp+ bu%es1 = we "h began to rea* ! skirts ( ! little %[]s t almo/ con/antly c>e] ov] & ab\t ! int]ior ( ^! m\nta9s4 ,i nei!r saw nor he>d a bird or o!r live ?+4 ,guava apples lay on ! gr\nd all along ! trail1 & "o c\ld eat !m & n make faces4 ,"s ( ! %>p1 knife-blade ridges t cut d[n t[>d u f ! high] peaks 7 v />tl+1 & s /eep & high t !y c\ld be successfully scal$ only by ! aid ( ropes & ladd]s4 ,a m /rik+ object-lesson 9 erosion by ra9 w\ld be h>d to f9d4 ,!re 7 no nak$ rocks2 %ort1 ?ick vegetation cov]$ ev5 ! /eepe/ slopes1 & ! vegetable acids :i* ?is g5]at$1 & ! p]petual ra9s1 wea!r$ ! m\nta9s d[n4 ,x soon became s wet t we /opp$ f> %ort ( ! head ( ! valley1 & turn$ back4 ,i wi%$ to look into ! great1 deep1 gre5 amphi!atre :i* seems to lie at ! head1 b _h glimpses ( x only f a di/ance4 ,h[ _m mill5niums w x be1 ,i said to myself1 be=e erosion w h complet$ its "w "h1 & ^! ?91 high m\nta9-walls w be 9 ru9s8 ,surely n _m4 ,we return$ to ! hospitable home we _h left1 & pass$ ! midday !re4 ,9 ! aft]noon ,mr4 ,aik51 guid+ our eyes by ! =ms ( trees t cut ! horizon-l9e on ! huge flank ( ,haleakala1 po9t$ out ! place ( 8 own home/ead1 tw5ty or m miles away4 ,f ?is po9t ! great m\nta9 appe>$ l a va/ l&scape tilt$ up at an easy angle aga9/ ! horizon4 ,"o c\ld h>dly believe x 0 t5 ?\s& feet high4 ,! ma*9e climb$ easily m ?an half ! di/ance to ,mr4 ,aik5's plantation1 :i* we rea*$ 9 good "t 9 ! aft]noon1 & :]e we pass$ a v enjoyable night4 ,x 0 a surprise to f9d sw>ms ( mosquitoes at ?is altitude1 s free f all mosquito-bre$+ wat]s4 ,b ! h\se 0 well protect$ aga9/ !m4 ,mosquitoes1 z well z flies & v]m91 are n native to ! isl&4 ,!y came 9 %ips n v long ago1 & are n[ v tr\blesome 9 c]ta9 p>ts4 ,!y came r\nd ! ,horn4 ,mr4 ,aik5's h\se itself came r\nd ! ,horn sev5ty or eighty ye>s ago4 ,x is a qua9t1 ,new ,engl& type ( h\se1 & has a v homelike look4 ,9 front ( x1 ne> ! gate1 /&s a ,japanese p9e :i* is an object ( v5]ation to all ,japanese :o *ance to come t way4 ,(t5 _! eyes fill ) te>s on behold+ x1 s responsive are ! little yell[ m5 to associations ( home4 ,9 ! morn+ ,mr4 ,aik5 drove u 9 a wagon to a place he has call$ ,idlewild1 six miles f>!r up ! great slope ( ! m\nta94 ,?is slope ( ,haleakala is l a :ole t[n%ip1 div]sifi$ ) f>ms & woods1 valleys & hills1 re/+ on its elb[s1 s to speak1 & look+ out ov] ! ,pacific4 ,we c\ld look up to ! cl\d-l9e1 ab\t sev5 ?\s& feet above ! sea1 & occasionally get a glimpse ( ! long l9e ( ! summit ?r\gh rifts 9 ! cl\ds4 ,at ,idlewild our exp$ition1 consi/+ ( six mules & f\r p1 0 fitt$ out1 & 9 ! e>ly aft]noon we />t$ on ! trail up ! m\nta94 ,= sev]al miles our way l$ ov] grassy slopes :]e cattle 7 graz+1 & above :i* skyl>ks 7 s++4 ,?is 0 "o ( ! happy surprises ( ! trip--! so>+ & s++ skyl>ks4 ,all ! way till we rea*$ ! cl\d-belt1 we _h ! l>ks p\r+ d[n _! music f ! sky above u4 ,!y seem$ specially jubilant4 ,x 0 ,may 9 ,engl&1 too1 & !y sang z ?\gh ! _s ( ^? d[ns & fells 0 /irr+ 9 _! he>ts1 "u ali5 skies1 b true to ! memories ( home4 ,be=e we rea*$ ! summit we came ^u ano!r introduction f ov]seas--! ,engli% pheasant4 ,"o />t$ up f "s bu%es only a few y>ds f ! trail1 w5t boom+ away1 & disappe>$ 9 a deep gully4 ,a little lat] ano!r sprang up1 utt]+ a cackl+ cry z x flew away4 ,we saw ?ree altoge!r4 ,! only home ?+ we saw 0 :ite clov] 9 pat*es "h & !re1 & x gave a mo/ welcome t\* to ! unfamili> sc5es4 ,! cattle we pass$ on ! way 7 suff]+ dreadfully f ano!r introduction f ! ,/ates--! ,texas horn-fly1 :i* _h rec5tly made its appe>ance4 ,! poor bea/s 7 driv5 half-crazy by x1 z _! sunk5 eyes & poor condition pla9ly %[$4 ,! trail became r\gh] & /eep] z we asc5d$1 & ! grass & trees gave place to l[1 scrubby bu%es4 ,we 7 half an h\r or m 9 ! cl\d-belt1 :]e ! s++ skyl>ks did n foll[ u4 ,! cl\ds prov$ to be z loose ( texture & z innoc5t z any summ] fog t loit]s 9 our valleys2 b x 0 good to em]ge into ! sun%9e aga91 & see ! jagg$ l9e ( ! top s5sibly ne>]1 & ! canopy ( cl\ds unroll itself b5ea? u4 ,f> ahead ( u & ne> ! summit we saw a b& ( wild goats--tw5ty-two1 ,i c\nt$--leisurely graz+ along1 & n[ & !n ca/+ glances d[n ^u u4 ,!y 7 dome/ic animals gone wild1 & /ill reta9$ _! biz>re colors ( :ite & black4 ,"o big black lead] ) a long be>d look$ d[n at u & %ook 8 head ?reat5+ly4 ,we rea*$ ! summit be=e ! sun rea*$ ! horizon1 & our eyes look$ =? ^u a /range _w1 inde$4 ,on "o h& ! va/ sea ( cl\d1 into :i* ! sun 0 ab\t to drop1 roll$ away f ! m\nta9 bel[ u1 ) its :ite surface & ! irregul> masses ris+ up f x1 sugge/+ a sea ( float+ ice4 ,?r\gh rifts 9 x we caught occasional glimpses ( ! ,pacific--blue1 vague1 my/ical gulfs t seem$ fill$ ) some?+ less sub/antial ?an wat]4 ,on ! o!r h& 0 ! va/ crat] ( ,haleakala1 two ?\s& feet deep1 & _m miles across1 9 :i* ! %ad[s 7 deep5+1 & :i* look$ l "s burn$-out ,hades4 ,we /ood or sat on ! jagg$ edge & saw ! day dep>t & ! night come d[n1 ! glory ( cl\d & sea & sunset on ! "o h&1 & on ! o!r side ! fe>ful *asm ( ! ext9ct volcano1 r$ & black & b>r51 ) ! ho/s ( d>kness ga!r+ 9 x4 ,x 0 l a seat betwe5 heav5 & hell4 ,!n lat]1 :5 ! ,s\!rn ,cross came out & rose above ! awful gulf1 ! sc5e 0 mo/ impressive4 ,! crat] ( ,haleakala is said to be ! l>ge/ ext9ct crat] 9 ! _w4 ,to foll[ all its outl9es w\ld lead "o a di/ance ( m ?an tw5ty miles1 b x is s irregul> 9 %ape t "o gets only a poor conception ( its ext5t 9 a view f its br9k4 ,at its wide/ "p x _c be m ?an f\r or five miles across4 ,x 0 evid5tly =m$ by ! :ole top ( ! m\nta9 hav+ be5 bl[n out or else sunk d[n 9 rec5t geologic times4 ,! fragm5ts ( jagg$ rock t ?ickly /rew ! surface all ab\t ! summit look z if !y might h fall5 !re4 ,! floor ( ! int]ior ( ! crat] is ?ickly /udd$ ) _m m9or crat]s1 ?r\gh :i* ! int]nal fires f\nd v5t aft] ! crat] z a :ole _h ceas$ to act4 ,!y are ( ! %ape ( huge hay/acks1 ) a hole 9 ! top1 & look$ s(t & yield+ 9 outl9e1 & 9 color z ?\gh !y 7 compos$ ( soot & brick-du/4 ,"o ( !m is mu* l>g] ?an any ( ! re/4 ,i ?\ght x might be two hundr$ feet high4 ,x is eight hundr$1 said our guide2 yet its summit 0 m ?an a ?\s& feet bel[ ! rim ^u :i* we sat4 ,!re has be5 no eruption 9 ,haleakala s9ce e>ly 9 ! la/ c5tury4 ,ov] a l>ge area ( ! int]ior ! black lava1 crack$ & crumpl$1 meets ! eye4 ,miles d[n "o ( its great arms t[>d ! sea1 we c\ld see ! gre5 l9es ( vegetation1 mo/ly rank f]ns1 advanc+ l an invad+ army4 ,f> ahead 7 ! skirmi%]s1 loose b&s ( f]ns1 ) individual plants "h & !re pu%+ on ov] ! black1 unev5 surface t[>d ! second>y crat]s ( ! c5tre4 ,vegetation 0 also climb+ d[n ! ragg$ sides ( ! crat]1 dropp+ f rock to rock l an invad+ ho/4 ,! f]ns1 ^? pione]s ( ! vegetable _w1 appe> to come fir/4 ,_! giant prog5itors subdu$ ! rocks & made ! soil 9 ,c>bonif]\s times1 & prep>$ ! way = high] vegetable =ms1 & n[ ^! /ripl+s take up ! same task 9 ?is primitive _w ( ! crat] ( ,haleakala4 ,_! task is a long & ardu\s "o1 mu* m s ?an 9 ^? p>ts ( ! isl& :]e ! ra9fall is m copi\s2 b give !m "t en\gh1 & ! b>r5 lava w all be clo!d ) v]dure4 ,:5 decompos$ & rip5$ by "t1 x makes a r$1 heavy soil t supports _m k9ds ( plants & trees4 ,! f]ns come sl[ly m>*+ 9 f )\t1 b 9 ! c5tre ( ! crat]1 on ! slopes ( ! r$ cones & at _! bases1 is ano!r plant t seems indig5\s1 born ( ! a% & ! scoria ( ! volcano1 & t app>5tly has no *lorophyl 9 its make-up4 ,?is is a /rik+ plant1 call$ ! silv] sword1 f ! %ape & color ( its long1 n>r[ leaves4 ,!y are ! color ( fro/$ silv]1 & are curv$ l a sword4 ,x is a /range app>ition1 :ite & delicate & r>e1 spr++ up 9 ! crat] ( a slumb]+ volcano4 ,a m /rik+ contra/ ) ! atmosph]e ( ! surr\nd+s w\ld be h>d to f9d--a sugge/ion ( peace & purity above ! graves ( _w-de/roy+ =ces1 an angel ( light n\ri%$ by ! a%es ( ! demons ( dea? & d>kness4 ,x is claim$ by ! p ( ! isl& t ?is plant is f\nd 9 no o!r place on ! globe1 b ?is c h>dly be possible4 ,if its evolution took place 9 "o crat]1 x w\ld take place 9 ano!r4 ,x consi/s ( a great mass ( silv]y-:ite1 bri/l+ leaves re/+ ^u ! gr\nd1 f :i* rises a /alk1 /rung ) fl[]s1 to ! height ( five or six feet4 ,x is evid5tly ( ! ,yucca type ( plant1 & has met ) a s+ul> trans=mation 9 ! sleep+ volcano's m\?1 all its h>% & savage "* turn$ into g5tl5ess & grace1 its armam5t ( ne$les & dagg]s giv+ place to a s(t1 silv]y d[n4 ,we did n see ! plant gr[+ except at a great di/ance1 ?r\gh field-glasses1 b we saw a photograph ( x & a dri$ specim5 aft] we came d[n f ! summit4 ,x is an all day's trip d[n into ! crat] & back1 climb+ ov] slid+ s&s & loose scoria1 & our "t 0 too limit$ to und]take x4 ,we pass$ ! night on ! summit 9 a rude /one hut1 :i* _h a fireplace :]e ! guide made c(fee1 b we _h only ! volcanic rock = floor4 ,^u ?is we spread our ample supply ( blankets1 & got su* sleep z is to be _h on high1 cold m\nta9-tops1 :]e ! ribs ( ! m\nta9 prove to be s mu* h>d] ?an "o's own ribs--n a fir/-class quality ( sleep1 b bett] ?an none4 ,i arose ab\t two o'clock1 & made my way out into ! />-blaz+ night4 ,su* glory ( ! heav5s ,i _h nev] be=e se54 ,i _h nev] be=e be5 lift$ up s ne> !m1 & h5ce _h nev] be=e se5 !m ?r\gh s r>efi$ an atmosph]e4 ,! cl\ds & vapors _h disappe>$1 & all ! ho/s ( heav5 7 magnifi$4 ,! ,milky ,way seem$ newly pav$ & swept4 ,!re 0 no w9d & no s\nd4 ,! mighty crat] 0 a gulf ( blackness1 b ! sky blaz$ ) light4 ,! dawn comes e>ly on su* a m\nta9-top1 & be=e f\r o'clock we 7 out "u ! fad+ />s4 ,z we _h se5 ! day pass into night1 surr\nd$ by ^! wond]ful sc5es1 n[ we saw ! night pass into day1 & ! elem5tal gr&eur on e h& reborn be=e u4 ,!re 0 n a wisp ( cl\d or fog bel[ u or ab\t u to blur ! great picture4 ,! sun came up f beh9d ! va/1 long1 high wall ( ! ,pacific t fill$ ! ea/]n horizon1 & ! %ad[s fl$ f ! huge pile ( m\nta9 9 ! we/4 ,we hung ab\t ! rim ( ! great crat] or sat ^u ! jagg$ rocks1 wrapp$ 9 our blankets1 till ! sun 0 an h\r high4 ,we got ano!r glimpse ( ! b& ( goats pick+ _! way f l$ge to l$ge f> bel[ u on ! side ( ! crat]4 ,i saw & he>d two or ?ree m9a birds fly pa/1 app>5tly seek+ new t]ritory to occupy4 ,^! birds are m ent]pris+ ?an ! ,engli% sp>r[s1 :i* also sw>m 9 ! isl& t[ns b d n brave ! m\nta9-heights4 ,! bird f ,india seems at home ev]y:]e4 ,aft] breakfa/ we /ill haunt$ = an h\r or m ! br9k ( ! great abyss1 :]e "o seem$ to feel ! pulse ( primal "t1 loa? to te> ourselves away1 loa? also to take a la/ view ( ! panorama ( l& & sea1 lit by ! morn+ sun1 :i* spread out f> bel[ u4 ,to ! s\!a/ we c\ld dimly see ! outl9es ( ! isl& ( ,hawaii1 ) a fa9t gleam ( sn[ on its great m\nta9 ,mauna ,loa1 ne>ly f\rte5 ?\s& feet high4 ,9 ! nor?we/ a dim1 d>k mass l[ 9 ! horizon m>k$ ! place ( ,oahu4 ,! ocean rose 9 ! va/ horizon & bl5d$ ) ! sky4 ,! eye c\ld n tell :]e "o end$ & ! o!r began4 ,! mules _h _h a com=table night 9 a rude /one /able aga9/ ! rocks1 & 7 m eag] to hit ! d[n trail ?an 7 we4 ,! desc5t prov$ m fatigu+ ?an ! asc5t1 ! con/ant plung+ motion ( ! animals' %\ld]s be+ a sore trial4 ,we dropp$ d[n ?r\gh ! belt ( cl\ds t _h begun to =m1 & out into ! grassy region ( ! s++ skyl>ks1 pa/ h]ds ( graz+ cattle1 & at noon 7 aga9 at ,idlewild1 re/+ our we>y limbs & com=t+ ! inn] man4 ,9 ! aft]noon ,mr4 ,aik5 drove u back to 8 home f>m1 :]e we aga9 pass$ a v pleasant night4 ,9 ! morn+ ,i walk$ ) him ?r\gh 8 p9eapple plantation4 ,x 0 a new k9d ( f>m+ & fruit-gr[+ to me4 ,i =get n[ h[ _m hundr$ ?\s& plants 8 field conta9$4 ,!y are set & cultivat$ mu* z cabbage is ) u1 b pres5t a /rangely /iff & =bidd+ aspect4 ,! fir/ cutt+ is :5 ! plants are ab\t eighte5 mon?s old1 "o l>ge solid apple f ea* plant4 ,! second crop is call$ ! raggoon crop1 & yields two apples f ea* plant1 b small] & less valuable ?an ! fir/4 ,! field is !n reset4 ,i also walk$ ) ,mr4 ,aik5 ov] "s new l& he 0 gett+ ready = p9eapples4 ,x _h be5 d5sely cov]$ ) lantana scrub1 & cle>+ x & grubb+ x out _h be5 an h]oic task4 ,! lantana takes complete possession ( ! soil1 gr[s ab\t f\r or five feet high1 & makes a network ( roots 9 ! soil t defies any?+ b a /eam pl[4 ,! soil is a r$1 heavy clay1 & x made ! f>m] 9 me sweat to ?9k ( ! exp5diture ( labor necess>y to turn a lantana bu% into a p9eapple field4 ,! r$ness ( ?is volcanic soil is said to be ow+ to ! fact t ! gr[? ( vegetation br+s ! iron into new comb9ations ) organic acids4 ,lat] 9 ! day we visit$ ! l>ge ,baldw9 p9eapple-cann+ plant1 & 7 %[n ! :ole process ( prep>+ & cann+ ! fruit1 & all b surfeit$ ) ! mo/ melt+ & delici\s p9eapples x 0 ev] my good luck to ta/e4 ,! ,hawaiian p9eapple probably surpasses all o!rs 9 t5d]ness & lusci\sness1 & x loses sc>cely any ( ^! qualities 9 ! cans4 ,rip5$ 9 ! field1 :]e x grew on ! flanks ( great ,haleakala1 & eat5 out ( h&1 x is a dream ( tropic lusci\sness4 ,! cann+ is done by an elaborate sy/em ( ma*9]y manag$ by ,japanese m5 & wom51 ! nak$ h& nev] com+ 9 contact ) ! peel$ fruit1 b protect$ f x by long1 ?9 rubb] gloves4 ,!re ought to be a great future = ?is indu/ry1 :5 ,ea/]n consum]s really f9d out ! sup]ior quality ( ! ,hawaiian product4 ,f ,mr4 ,aik5's h\se "o has a view ( ! great wall ( m\nta9s t =m ! we/]n & old]--old] geologically--end ( ! isl&1 9 :i* lies ! fam\s ,iao ,valley1 :i* ,i h already describ$4 ,we judge1 f ! mu* deep] m>ks ( ra9 erosion1 t ?is end ( ! isl& is va/ly old] ?an ! butt end ^u :i* ,haleakala is situat$4 ,haleakala is erod$ comp>atively little4 ,on all its huge nor!rn slope !re is only "o consid]able ga% or gully1 & ?is is probably n _m ?\s& ye>s old2 b ! nor?we/]n end ( ! isl& is worn & c>v$ 9 ! mo/ /rik+ mann]4 ,look+ at x t morn+1 ,i comp>$ x to my ext5d$1 relax$ h&1 ! nor!rn end be+ ga%$ & groov$ l ! sunk5 spaces betwe5 ! f+]s1 :ile ! s\?we/ end1 n m ?an t5 miles di/ant1 0 only slightly groov$ & m l ! solid wri/ & back h&4 ,all ! ra9s br\ght by ! nor!a/ trades fall ^u ! nor!a/ end ( ! isl&s4 ,! m\nta9-peaks on ! end hold ! cl\ds & /rip !m dry1 s t little or no ra9 falls ^u ! s\? & s\?we/ sides4 ,?is is true ( all ! isl&s4 ,"o end ( ea* is arid & b>r51 :ile ! o!r is wet & v]dant4 ,"o ( ! small] isl&s1 ,kahoolawe1 ,i believe1 dom9at$ by ,maui on ! nor!a/1 is said to be dry+ up & bl[+ away by in*es4 ,:at a spell ! m\nta9s d lay ^u ! cl\ds ev]y:]e1--! robb] m\nta9s1--9 ^! isl&s exact+ ! la/ drop ( wat] ( all ! ocean-born vapors t pass ov] !m6 ,on ! nor!a/ side ( ! ,laha9a di/rict !re are valleys f\r or five ?\s& feet deep2 on ! s\?we/ side !re are no valleys wor? m5tion+4 ,! diff]5ce 9 ?is respect 0 =cibly br\ght home to me :51 lat] 9 ! day1 we made an automobile trip f ,wailuku to ,laha9a on ! s\?we/ side2 9 go+ less ?an tw5ty miles we quickly pass$ f ! region ( v]dant valleys & m\nta9-slopes into a h>d1 raw1 b>r51 unwea!r$ region1 :]e !re 0 no soil1 & :]e ! rocks look$ z crude & =bidd+ z !y mu/ h look$ ! day !y fl[$ out f ! dep?s z molt5 lava4 ,9 outl9e ! isl& ( ,maui sugge/s a truncat$ /atue1 ! we/ end repres5t+ ! head1 v old & wr9kl$ & groov$ by "t & tr\ble1 ! p59sula ! well-proportion$ neck1 & broad-brea/$ ,haleakala =m+ ! trunk4 ,:at a torso x is1 fire-born & bask+ !re 9 ! tropic seas6 ,! olde/ isl& ( ! ,hawaiian gr\p is ,kauai1 call$ ! g>d5 isl&1 because x has mu* ! deepe/ & mo/ f]tile soil4 ,x %[s mu* m evid5ce ( erosion ?an any ( ! o!r isl&s4 ,! next 9 po9t ( erosion1 & h5ce 9 po9t ( age1 is ,oahu1 ^u :i* ,honolulu is situat$4 ,!n come ,molokai & ,maui1 ! two ends ( ! latt] be+ ( va/ly unequal age4 ,hawaii1 ! l>ge/ ( !m all1 ne>ly z l>ge z ,connecticut1 is ! y\nge/ ( ! gr\p1 & %[s ! lea/ effects ( erosion4 ,:5 x is z old z ,kauai is n[1 its two huge m\nta9s1 ,mauna ,loa & ,mauna ,kea1 w probably be cut up into deep valleys & canons & %>p1 high ridges1 z are ! m\nta9s ( ,kauai & ,oahu4 ,! lapse ( "t requir$ to br+ ab\t su* a result is beyond all human calculation4 ,:e!r "o million or two millions ( ye>s w\ld d x1 :o kn[s8 ,^? w>m tropical ra9s1 aid$ by ! rank vegetation :i* !y beget & support1 dissolve ! volcanic rock sl[ly b inevitably4 ,?r\gh ! c\rtesy ( ,mr4 ,l[ell1 ! sup]9t5d5t1 we _h t day ! pleasure ( go+ ?r\gh a l>ge sug>-mak+ plant at ,paia--"o t turns out ne>ly fifty ?\s& tons ( sug> a ye>4 ,we saw ! cane come 9 f ! fields 9 "o end ( ! plant1 & ! dry1 w>m product be+ put up 9 bags at ! o!r4 ,all ! late/ devices & ma*9]y = sug>-mak+ we saw "h 9 full op]ation1 af=d+ a contra/ to ! crude & wa/eful me?ods ,i _h se5 9 ! isl& ( ,jamaica a few ye>s be=e4 ,9 ! aft]noon we avail$ ourselves ( ! five or six miles ( n>r[-gauge railway1 ! only "o on ! isl&1 to g f ,paia to ,wailuku1 :]e we 7 met by ano!r automobile1 :i* hurri$ u to ,laha9a1 :]e we 7 to meet ! /eam] t 0 to convey u to ,hilo1 on ,hawaii4 ,i say hurri$1 b be=e ! j\rney ( tw5ty-odd miles 0 half ov]1 we realiz$ ! tru? ( ! old adage1 ,! m ha/e1 ! less spe$4 ,! automobile began to sulk & f9ally c\ld be p]suad$ to g only on ! l[ ge>1 & to rattle along at ab\t ! spe$ ( a man ) a horse & buggy4 ,we rea*$ ,laha9a j z ! boat 0 ent]+ ! h>bor4 ,! next morn+ we f\nd ourselves /eam+ along pa/ ! high1 v]dant %ores ( ,hawaii4 ,= fifty miles or m ! l& pres5t$ "o unbrok5 expanse ( sug>-cane1 sugge/+ fields ( "s gigantic yell[-gre5 grass4 ,at ,hilo ! sun 0 %9+ betwe5 brief %[]s1 & ! air 0 w>m & muggy4 ,x is said to ra9 !re e day 9 ! ye>1 & ! lu% vegetation made ! /atem5t seem cr$ible4 ,judge ,&rews met u at ! /eam]1 & took u to 8 home = re/ & d9n]1 & 0 extremely k9d to u4 ,9 ! mid-aft]noon we took ! tra9 = ,gl5wood1 ?irty miles on our way to ! volcano ( ,kilauea4 ,a l>ge "p ( ! way ! road leads ?r\gh sug> plantations1 newly c>v$ out ( ! koa & tree-f]n wild]ness t orig9ally cov]$ ! volcanic soil4 ,clu/]s ( ! little h\ses ( ! ,japanese labor]s1 p]*$ high above ! gr\nd on sl5d] po/s1 7 pass$ "h & !re4 ,ev]y:]e we saw wood5 aqu$ucts1 or flumes1 w9d+ ar\nd ! cont\rs ( ! hills & across ! little valleys1 (t5 on high tre/le-"w1 & p>tly fill$ ) cle>1 swift-runn+ wat]1 9 :i* ! sug>-cane 0 transport$ to ! mills4 ,at ,gl5wood /ages meet ! t\ri/s & convey !m ov] a fairly good road t w9ds ?r\gh ! tree-f]n =e/s to ! ,volcano ,h\se1 t5 miles away4 ,! beauty ( t f]n-l9$ =e/1 ! long1 /ately plumes ( ! gigantic f]ns meet+ ! eye ev]y:]e1 ,i %all n soon =get4 ,i saw :at appe>$ to be a l>ge1 %[y r$ raspb]ry gr[+ by ! roadside1 b ,i did n f9d x at all tempt+ to ! ta/e4 ,x 0 d>k :5 we rea*$ ! ,volcano ,h\se1 & we saw (f to ! left a r$ gl[ ^u ! fog-cl\ds1 l ! reflect$ light f a burn+ b>n or h\se 9 ! c\ntry1 & inf]r$ at once t x came f ! volcano1 :i* x did4 ,f my w9d[ t night1 z ,i lay 9 b$1 ,i c\ld see ?is same angry gl[ ^u ! cl\ds4 ,! smell ( sulphur 0 9 ! air ab\t ! hotel1 & v hot /eam 0 issu+ f cracks 9 ! rocks4 ,a p>ty ( t\ri/s on horseback1 9 ! _s ( true ,am]ican hurry1 visit$ ! volcano t night1 b we *ose to wait until ! morr[4 ,! next morn+ ! great crat] ( ,kilauea 0 fill$ ) fog1 b x lift$1 & ! sun %one be=e noon4 ,we pass$ a pleasant =5oon /roll+ along ! tree-fr+$ br9k1 look+ d[n eight or n9e hundr$ feet ^u its black lava floor1 & pluck+ ohelo b]ries1 :i* grew !re abundantly1 a k9d ( l>ge1 r$ huckleb]ry t "o c\ld eat out ( h&1 b t "o c\ld n get excit$ ov]4 ,!y 7 bett] 9 a pie ?an 9 ! h&4 ,_! "n seem$ to g well ) ! sugge/ion ( ! sc5es amid :i* !y grew4 ,kilauea is a r\nd ext9ct crat] ab\t ?ree miles across & sev5 or eight hundr$ feet deep4 ,x has be5 ! sc5e ( t]rific explosions 9 pa/ ages1 b x has n[ dw9dl$ to ! small active crat] ( ,halemaumau1 :i* is sunk ne> ! middle ( x l a huge pot1 two hundr$ or m feet deep & a ?\s& feet across4 ,9 ! mid-aft]noon a p>ty ( eight or t5 ( u on horseback set out to visit ! volcano4 ,! trail l$ d[n ! brok5 & %elv+ side ( ! crat]1 amid trees & bu%es1 till x /ruck ! floor ( lava at ! bottom4 ,9 go+ d[n ,i 0 aw>e all ! "t ( a beautiful bird-song (f on my left1 a song almo/ z sweet z t ( our h]mit ?ru%1 b ( an entirely diff]5t ord]4 ,i ?9k x 0 ! song ( "o ( ! honey-suck]s1 a r$ bird ) black w+s t 9 flight look$ l our sc>let tanag]4 ,our c\rse took u out ov] ! crack$ & contort$ lava-b$s1 :]e no gre5 ?+ 0 gr[+4 ,! =ms ( ! lava-fl[ sugge/$ mail$ & wri?+ dragons1 ) horrid1 gap+ m\?s & vici\s claws4 ,! lava crun*$ b5ea? ! horses' feet l %elly & brittle ice4 ,at "o po9t we pass$ ov] a wide1 jagg$ crack on a bridge4 ,z we ne>$ ! crat]1 ! rocks grew w>m1 & sulphur & o!r fumes /reak$ ! air4 ,:5 a half-mile f ! crat] we dism\nt$1 &1 leav+ our horses 9 *>ge ( ! guide1 proce$$ on foot ov] ! crack$ & heat$ lava rocks t[>d ! br9k ( ?is v]itable devil's caldron4 ,! sulphur fumes are s suffocat+ t x c be approa*$ only on ! w9dw>d side4 ,! fir/ glance into t fe>ful pit is all t y\r imag9ation c picture x4 ,y look ^u ! traditional lake ( brim/one & fire1 & if devils 7 to appe> skipp+ ab\t ov] ! surface ) pit*=ks1 turn+ _! victims z ! cook turns h] fry+ crull]s 9 ! sputt]+ fat1 x w\ld n mu* a/oni% y4 ,?is liquid is r ?ick & viscid1 b x is boil+ furi\sly4 ,great masses ( x are ?r[n up =ty or fifty feet1 & fall ) a cra% l t ( ! surf ^u ! %ore4 ,livid jets are ?r[n up _m feet high aga9/ ! sides & drip back1 cool+ quickly z ! lava desc5ds4 ,we sat or /ood ^u ! br9k1 at times almo/ lett+ our feet hang ov] ! sides1 & %ield+ our faces f ! int5se heat ) pap] masks & veils4 ,x is probably ! only place 9 ! _w :]e y c come face to face ) ! he>t ( an active volcano4 ,!re are no veils ( vapor to hide x f y4 ,x appe>s easy en\gh to ca/ a /one into ! mid/ ( x1 b none ( u c\ld q d x4 ,! mass ( boil+ lava is said to be ab\t "o & "o half acres 9 ext5t4 ,its surface is cov]$ ) l>ge masses ( float+ cru/1 black & smoo?1 l lea!r or ro(+-pap]1 & betwe5 ^! masses1 or isl&s1 ! molt5 lava %[s 9 broad1 vivid l9es4 ,x is nev] quiet4 ,:5 n actually boil+1 !re is a sl[ circulatory movem5t1 & ! great flakes ( black cru/1 sugge/+ scum1 drift across f "o end to ! o!r & are drawn "u ! rocks4 ,at "o mom5t only ?is movem5t is app>5t1 !n sudd5ly ! mass beg9s to boil furi\sly all ov] ! surface1 & y he> dimly ! s\nd ( ! bur/+ bubbles & ! cra% ( ! fall+ lava4 ,:5 ?is takes place1 ! black float+ masses are brok5 up & scatt]$ z !y are 9 boil+ maple-syrup1 b !y quickly reunite1 & are c>ri$ on by ! curr5t z be=e4 ,look+ ^u ?is sc5e ) ! ?\ght ( ! traditional lake ( fire & brim/one ( our =efa!rs 9 m9d1 y w\ld say t ^! black1 fil?y-look+ masses float+ ab\t on ! surface 7 ! accumulation ( all ! bad /uff t _h be5 fri$ out ( ! poor s9n]s s9ce hell 0 inv5t$4 ,h[ mu* wick$ness & un*>ity & evil ?\ght x w\ld repres5t6 ,if ! poor victims 7 cl>ifi$ & made pur] by ! process1 !n x w\ld seem wor? :ile4 ,at ! ,volcano ,h\se !y keep a book 9 :i* t\ri/s write d[n _! impressions ( ! volcano4 ,a di/+ui%$ /atesman _h be5 !re a few days be=e u1 & _h writt5 a long acc\nt ( 8 impressions1 clos+ ) ?is oratorical s5t5ce3 ,no p51 h[ev] gift$1 c describe1 no bru%1 h[ev] brilliant1 c portray1 ! wond]s we h be5 p]mitt$ to behold4 ,i c\ld n refra9 f writ+ "u x1 ,i h se5 ! or?odox hell1 & x's ! real ?+4 ,t huge kettle ( molt5 metal1 mantl+ & bubbl+1 h[ x is impress$ ^u my memory6 ,x is a ve/ige ( ! anci5t cosmic fire t once wrapp$ ! :ole globe 9 its embrace4 ,x _h a k9d ( brutal fasc9ation4 ,"o c\ld n take "o's eyes f x4 ,t network ( broad1 jagg$1 fi]y l9es def9+ ^? black1 smoo? masses1 or isl&s1 ( float+ matt] told ( a side ( nature we _h nev] be=e se54 ,we l+]$ !re on ! br9k ( ! fe>ful spectacle till night came on1 & ! sides ( ! mighty caldron1 & ! fog-cl\ds above x1 gl[$ 9 ! inf]nal light4 ,n s :ite z ! metal p\r+ f a bla/ furnace1 n s hot1 a m sull5 r$1 b well+ up f ! c5tral primordial fires ( ! e>?4 ,?is great pot has boil$ ov] _m times 9 ! rec5t pa/1 z ! lava-b$s we travel$ ov] te/ify1 & x w probably boil ov] aga94 ,x has be5 unusually active ^! la/ few ye>s4 ,ab\t n9e o'clock we rode back1 fac+ a cold1 driv+ mi/1 ! back ( ea* rid]1 protect$ by ! %9+ yell[ slick]s1 gl[+ to ! "o beh9d him1 9 ! volcano's light1 till we 7 a mile or m away4 ,! next morn+ came cle>1 & ! sight ( ! mighty slope ( ,mauna ,loa1 lit up by ! ris+ sun1 0 a gr& spectacle4 ,x look$ g5tle & easy ( asc5t1 wood$ "h & !re1 & "h & !re %[+ broad1 black /reaks f ! lava ov]fl[s at ! summit 9 rec5t ye>s2 b rememb]+ t x 0 ne>ly f\r ?\s& feet high] ?an ,haleakala1 ,i _h no desire to climb x4 ,?is m\nta9 & its companion1 ,mauna ,kea1 are ! highe/ isl& m\nta9s 9 ! _w4 ,! /age roll$ u back ?r\gh ! f]n =e/ to ! railway /ation & !nce on to ,hilo aga91 :]e 9 good "t1 9 ! aft]noon1 we w5t abo>d ! /eam]2 & ! next morn+ we 7 aga9 9 ! h>bor ( ,honolulu1 glad we _h made ! int]-isl& trip1 & above all glad t we _h se5 ,haleakala4 ,,vi ,,! ,,old ,,ice-,,flood ,i ,he 0 a bold man :o fir/ conceiv$ ! idea ( ! great cont95tal ice-%eet :i* 9 ,plei/oc5e times cov]$ mo/ ( ! nor!rn "p ( ! cont95t1 & play$ su* a "p 9 %ap+ ! l& z we "k x4 ,t bold man 0 ,agassiz1 :o1 h[ev]1 0 n bold en\gh to accept ! !ory ( evolution z prop\nd$ by ,d>w94 ,! idea ( ! great glaci] did n conflict ) ,agassiz's religi\s pr$ilections1 & ! !ory ( evolution did4 ,x 0 a bold g5]alization1 ?is ( ! cont95tal ice-%eet1 "o ( ! ma/]-/rokes ( ! sci5tific imag9ation4 ,x 0 ab\t ! ye> #ahdj t ,agassiz1 fre% f ! glaci]s ( ! ,alps1 w5t to ,scotl& look+ = ! tracks ( ! old glaci]s1 & he f\nd !m at once :5 he l&$ ne> ,glasg[4 ,we c all f9d !m n[ on almo/ e walk we take to ! fields & hills2 b until our eyes are op5$1 h[ bl9d we are to !m6 ,we are l p :o camp on ! trail ( an army & nev] suspect an army has pass$1 ?\gh ! ruts made by _! wagons & artill]y & ! ru9s ( _! intr5*m5ts are ev]y:]e visible4 ,:5 ,i 0 a boy on ! f>m we nev] ask$ ourselves que/ions ab\t ! /ones & rocks t encumb]$ ! l&--:5ce !y came1 or :at ! ag5cy 0 t br\ght !m4 ,! f>m]s believ$ ! l& 0 creat$ j z we saw x--/ones1 b\ld]s1 soil1 gravel-pits1 hills1 m\nta9s1 & all--& d\btless wi%$ 9 _! he>ts t ! ,creator _h n be5 s p>ticul> ab\t ! rocks & /ones1 or _h made an exception 9 favor ( _! own fields4 ,rocks & /ones 7 good = f5ces & f\ndations1 & = v>i\s o!r uses1 b !y 7 a great h9drance to ! cultivation ( ! soil4 ,i once he>d a f>m] boa/ t he _h v /rong l&--x _h to be /rong to hold up su* a crop ( rocks & /ones4 ,:5 ! ,ea/]n f>m] mov$ we/ into ! prairie /ates1 or s\? into ! cotton-gr[+ /ates1 he probably nev] ask$ himself :y ! ,creator _h n cumb]$ ! gr\nd ) rocks & /ones 9 ^? sections1 z he _h 9 ,new ,york & ,new ,engl&4 ,s\? ( ! l9e t runs irregul>ly ?r\gh middle ,new ,j]sey1 ,p5nsylvania1 ,ohio1 ,indiana1 ,ill9ois1 ,i[a1 & s on to ! ,rockies1 he w f9d few loose /ones scatt]$ ov] ! soil1 no deta*$ b\ld]s sitt+ ^u ! surface1 no hills or m\nds ( gravel & s&1 no clay banks pack$ full ( r\nd$ /ones1 little & big1 no rocky floors "u ! soil :i* look z if !y _h be5 dress$ d[n by a huge b dull$ & nick$ jack-plane4 ,! reason is t ! l9e ,i h indicat$ m>ks ! limit ( ! old ice-%eet :i* m ?an a hundr$ ?\s& ye>s ago cov]$ all ! nor!rn "p ( ! cont95t to a dep? ( f two to f\r ?\s& feet1 & 0 ! *ief in/rum5t 9 r\nd+ (f m\nta9-tops1 scatt]+ rock-fragm5ts1 little & big1 ov] our l&scapes1 gr9d+ d[n & break+ (f ! protrud+ rock /rata1 build+ up our banks ( m+l$ clay & /one1 *ang+ ! c\rses ( /reams & riv]s1 deep5+ & wid5+ our valleys1 transplant+ b\ld]s ( "o =mation = hundr$s ( miles1 & dropp+ !m ^u ! surface ( ano!r =mation4 ,:5 x began to melt & retreat1 x 0 ! *ief ag5t 9 build+ up our riv] t]races1 & our long1 l[1 r\nd$ hills ( s& & gravel & clay1 call$ kames & druml9s4 ,9 _m ( our valleys its fl[+ wat]s left long1 l[ ridges1 g5tle 9 outl9e1 made up entirely ( s& & gravel1 or ( clay4 ,9 o!r places x left mora9es made up ( e>?1 gravel1 & rock-fragm5ts t make a v r\gh /reak ?r\gh ! f>m]'s l&4 ,all ^? high1 level t]races along ! ,hudson1 su* z t ^u :i* ,we/ ,po9t /&s1 7 ! "w ( ! old ice-%eet t once fill$ ! riv] valley4 ,! melt+ ice 0 also ! *ief ag5t 9 build+ up ! enorm\s clay-banks t are f\nd along ! %ores ( ! ,hudson4 ,! clay =m$ 9 v /ill wat]s1 ! s& & gravel 9 m active wat]s4 ,?is great ice-%eet n only cov]$ our nor!rn f>ms ) rocks & /ones1 & pack$ ! soil ) r\nd$ b\ld]s1 b x also c>ri$ away mu* ( ! rock decay t goes to ! mak+ ( ! soil1 s t ! soil is ( great] dep? 9 ! non-glaciat$ ?an 9 ! glaciat$ areas ( ! c\ntry4 ,! ,new-,engl&] or ,new-,york] 9 travel+ 9 ! ,s\!rn ,/ates may note ! enorm\s dep? ( soil z reveal$ by ! wat]-c\rses or railroad cuts4 ,! ice-%eet 0 a huge mill t gr\nd up ! rocks 9 ! ,nor? probably z fa/ or fa/] ?an ! ra9s & ! rank vegetation r$uc$ !m 9 ! ,s\?1 b ! floods ( wat] :i* x f9ally let loose c>ri$ a great deal ( ! rock-wa/e into ! sea4 ,! glaci] milk :i* colors ! /reams t fl[ f b5ea? x f9ally settles & makes clay4 ,(f ! great ,malasp9a ,glaci] 9 ,alaska ! ocean is t+$ by ! glaci] milk = ne>ly fifty miles f ! %ores4 ,v few c\ntry p1 ev5 among ! educat$1 are ready to believe t ?is enorm\s ice-%eet ev] exi/$4 ,to make !m believe t x is j z mu* a fact 9 ! physical hi/ory ( ?is cont95t z ! w> ( ! ,revolution is a fact 9 our political hi/ory is no easy matt]4 ,x c]ta9ly is a cru%+ proposition4 ,x s va/ly transc5ds all our exp]i5ce ) ice & sn[1 or ! exp]i5ce ( ! race s9ce ! dawn ( hi/ory1 t only ! sci5tific imag9ation & fai? are equal to x4 ,! belief 9 x re/s on indubitable evid5ce1 its record is writt5 all ov] our l&scape1 b x requires1 ,i say1 ! sci5tific imag9ation to put ! facts toge!r & make a cont9u\s hi/ory4 ,?ree or f\r hundr$ feet above my cab91 five or six hundr$ feet above tidewat]1 !re is a bold rocky po9t ^u :i* ! old ice-%eet bore heavily4 ,x has rubb$ x d[n & flatt5$ x z a h& pass+ ov] a knob ( s(t putty might d4 ,! great h& 9 ?is case mov$ f ! nor!a/ & mu/ h fairly made ?is rocky prom95ce groan ) its weight4 ,! surface1 scrat*$ & groov$ & plan$ by ! ice1 has wea!r$ away1 leav+ ! rock q r\gh2 its g5]al outl9es alone tell ! tale ( ! battle ) ! ice4 ,b on ! ea/ side a huge mass ( rock1 t _h be5 plan$ & g\g$ by ! glaci]1 0 deta*$ & toppl$ ov]1 turn+ topsy-turvy be=e x _h wea!r$1 & x lies 9 su* a position1 upheld by two rock fragm5ts1 t its glaciat$ surface1 ?\gh protect$ f ! wea!r1 is cle>ly visible4 ,y /ep d[n two or ?ree feet betwe5 ! two uphold+ rocks & are at ! entrance ( a little cave1 & !re be=e y1 /&+ at an angle ( ?irty or =ty degrees1 is ?is rocky page writt5 ov] ) ! hi/ory ( ! pass+ ( ! great ice plane4 ,! surface expos$ is t5 or twelve feet long1 & f\r or five feet wide1 & x is z /raight & smoo?1 & ! scrat*es & grooves are z %>p & di/9ct z if made ye/]day4 ,i (t5 take ! college girls !re :o come to visit me1 to %[ !m1 z ,i tell !m1 :]e ! old ice gods left _! signatures4 ,! girls take turns 9 /oop+ d[n & look+ along ! "u surface ( ! rock1 & feel+ x ) _! h&s1 & m>vel+4 ,!y h read or he>d ab\t ^! ?+s1 b ! read+ or he>+ made little impression ^u _! m9ds4 ,:5 !y see a concrete example1 & feel x ) _! h&s1 !y are impress$4 ,!n :5 ,i tell !m t !re is n a %ad[ ( a d\bt b t ! ice 0 at "o "t two or ?ree ?\s& feet ?ick above ! place :]e !y n[ /&1 & t x bore d[n ^u ,julian's ,rock ) a weight ( ?\s&s ( tons to ! squ>e foot1 t x fill$ all ! ,hudson ,riv] ,valley1 & cov]$ ! l&scape = ?\s&s ( miles ar\nd !m1 rid+ ov] ! tops ( ! ,catskills & ( ! ,adirondacks1 & we>+ !m d[n & c>ry+ fragm5ts ( rock torn f !m hundr$s ( miles to ! s\? & s\?we/1--:5 ,i h told !m all ( ?is1 ,i h usually giv5 !m a m\?ful too big = !m to ma/icate or swall[4 ,z a sort ( ab/ract proposition conta9$ 9 books1 or he>d 9 ! classroom1 !y d n m9d x1 b z an actual fact1 "h 9 ! light ( common day on ! hill above ,slabsides1 ) ! wat]s ( ! ,hudson gli/5+ bel[1 & ! trees ru/l+ 9 ! w9d all ab\t u1 t is q ano!r matt]4 ,x s\nds l a dream or a fable4 ,_m ( ! processes t h made our globe :at we see x h be5 s sl[ & on su* a scale t !y are q beyond our horizon--beyond ! rea* ( our m5tal appreh5sion4 ,! m9d has to approa* !m sl[ly & t5tatively1 & become famili> ) ! idea ( !m1 be=e x c give any sort ( rational ass5t to !m4 ,x has tak5 ! geologi/ a long "t to "w out & cle> up & confirm ?is conception ( ! great cont95tal glaci] :i* 9 ,plei/oc5e times cov]$ s l>ge a "p ( ! nor!rn hemisph]e4 ,x is n[ z well e/abli%$ z any ev5t 9 ! remote pa/ well c be4 ,9 ,alaska1 & 9 ! ,swiss ,alps1 "o may see ! ice do+ exactly :at ! ,plei/oc5e ice-%eet did ov] ?is c\ntry4 ,,ii ,! o!r day 9 pass+ a f>m]'s h\se ,i saw :]e he _h plac$ a huge1 r\ndi% b\ld]1 ne>ly z high z a man's head1 by ! roadside & _h cut ^u x 8 own "n & date1 & t ( 8 fa!r be=e him1 & t ( ! fir/ settl] ^u ! f>m1 9 ! latt] "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,x 0 an int]e/+ monum5t4 ,i le>n$ t ! rock _h be5 f\nd 9 ! b$ ( a small creek ne> by1 & t ! f>m] _h giv5 a hundr$ doll>s to h x mov$ to its place 9 front ( 8 h\se4 ,_h ,i se5 ! old f>m] ,i am sure ,i c\ld h add$ to 8 int]e/ & pride 9 8 monum5t by tell+ him t x 0 ,adiron-dack gneiss1 & _h be5 br\ght f t region on ! back1 or 9 ! maw1 ( a glaci]1 _m t5s ( ?\s&s ( ye>s ago4 ,b x is highly probable t1 7 he an un$ucat$ man1 he w\ld h treat$ my /atem5t ) contempt or incr$ulity4 ,education does at lea/ ?is = a man3 x op5s 8 m9d & makes him less skeptical ab\t ?+s n dream$ ( 9 8 philosophy4 ,?is b\ld] _h be5 roll$ & worn 9 its long1 sl[ ride till x 0 ne>ly r\nd4 ,i h a mu* small] b\ld]1 probably f ! same qu>ry1 :i* ,i plant$ at ! head ( my g>d5 = a seat :5 ! hoe gets tir$4 ,:5 x 0 dropp$ "h on ! l& t is n[ my field1 ! b$ & valley ( ! ,hudson 7 occupi$ by ! old glaci] :i*1 dur+ its decl9e & recession1 built up ! t]races opposite me 7:]e n[ /&s a multimillionaire's copy ( an ,italian palace71 & :i* add$ to & uncov]$ ! riv] slopes :]e n[ my own v9ey>ds are plant$4 ,! fl[+ or ! creep+ ( ?is old ice-%eet1 s t x c\ld transport l>ge b\ld]s hundr$s ( miles1 is "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ?+s ab\t x3 z sl[ or sl[] ?an ! h\r-h& ( ! clock1 yet an actual progression1 c>ry+ x1 9 ! c\rse ( ?\s&s ( ye>s1 f its apex 9 ,labrador well d[n into ,new ,j]sey1 :]e its t]m9al mora9e is /ill cle>ly traceable4 ,a riv] ( ice1 "u ! "r conditions1 fl[s z lit]ally z a riv] ( wat]1 fa/e/ 9 ! middle1 & sl[e/ along its m>g9s :]e ! friction is greate/4 ,! old ice-%eet1 or ice sea1 fl[$ ar\nd & ov] m\nta9s z a riv] fl[s ar\nd & ov] rocks4 ,:]e a m\nta9 rose above ! glaci]1 ! ice divid$ & fl[$ r\nd x1 & reunit$ aga9 beyond x4 ,"o may see all ?is 9 ,alaska at ! pres5t "t4 ,wat]1 ( c\rse1 fl[s because ( its own pressure2 s does ice1 only ! pressure has to be va/ly great]4 ,a drop ( wat] on ! table does n fl[1 b1 pile x high en\gh1 & x w4 ,! old ice sea fl[$ ma9ly s\?1 n because x 0 d[nhill 9 t direction1 b because ! accumulation ( ice & sn[ at ! ,nor? 0 s great4 ,if ?r\gh any climatic *anges1 ! sn[fall 7 ev] aga9 to be s great t m sn[ %\ld fall 9 w9t] ?an c\ld melt 9 summ]1 aft] ! lapse ( ?\s&s ( ye>s1 we %\ld h ano!r ice age4 ,,vii ,,! ,,fri5dly ,,soil ,i nev] tire ( contemplat+ ! soil itself1 ! mantle rock1 z ! geologi/ calls x4 ,x clo!s ! rocky framework ( ! e>? z ! fle% clo!s our bones4 ,x is ! seat ( ! vitality ( ! globe1 ! y\nge/ "p1 ! gr[+1 *ang+ "p4 ,out ( x we came1 & to x we return4 ,x is lit]ally our "m1 z ! sun is our fa!r4 ,! soil6--! residuum ( ! rocks1 ! a%es ( ! m\nta9s4 ,we "k :at a va/ /ret* ( "t has gone to ! mak+ ( x2 t x has be5 bak$ & boil$ & froz5 & ?aw$1 act$ ^u by sun & /> & w9d & ra92 mix$ & remix$ & knead$ & add$ to1 z ! h\sewife kneads & m\lds h] bread2 t x has la9 "u ! seas 9 ! /ratifi$ rocks = incalculable ages2 t *emical & me*anical & vital =ces h all _h a h& 9 its prep>ation2 t ! va/ cycles ( animal & vegetable life ( ! =eworld h contribut$ to its f]tility2 t ! life ( ! sea1 & ! mon/]s ( ! e>?1 & ! dragons ( ! air1 h left _! a%es "h1 s t :5 ,i /ir x ) my hoe1 or turn x ) my spade1 ,i "k ,i am /irr+ or turn+ ! meal ( a v]itable gri/ ( ! gods4 ,f its primal s\rce 9 ! ,ar*aean rock1 up ?r\gh all ! va/ s]ies ( s$im5t>y rocks to our own "t1 :at vicissitudes & trans=mations x has pass$ ?r\gh2 h[ _m times x has di$1 s to speak1 & be5 reborn f ! rocks2 h[ _m times ! w9ds & ! ra9s h transport$ x1 & infus$ invisible1 life-giv+ gases into x2 h[ _m ( ! elem5ts h ?robb$ ) life1 climb$ & bloom$ 9 trees1 walk$ or fl[n or swam 9 animals1 or slumb]$ = ?\s&s ^u ?\s&s ( ye>s b5ea? ! great ice-%eet ( ,plei/oc5e "t6 ,a h&ful ( ! soil by y\r door is probably ! mo/ composite ?+ y c f9d 9 a day's j\rney4 ,x may be an epitome ( a :ole geological =mation1 or ( two or m ( !m4 ,if x happ5s to be made up ( decompos$ lime/one1 s&/one1 slate1 & basalt rock1 ?9k :at a hi/ory w\ld be cond5s$ 9 x6 ,our lawns are made up ( a%es f ! fun]al pyre ( m\nta9s1 ( du/ f ! tombs ( geologic ages4 ,:at masses ( rock does ?is s&bank repres5t6 :at an enorm\s gri/ 9 ! great glaci] mill d ^! lay]s ( clay /& =6 ,two feet ( soil probably repres5t a hundr$ feet or m ( rock4 ,/rictly speak+1 ! soil is ! insoluble p>ts ( ! gr\nd-up & decompos$ rocks1 aft] ! ra9s & ! w9ds h done _! "w & tak5 _! toll ( ! gri/ !y h gr\nd4 ,sometimes ^! mills take ! :ole gri/ & leave ! rocks b>e2 b usually !y leave a residuum 9 :i* life /rikes its roots4 ,we d n see all t ! wat]s take f ! soil4 ,!y h invisible pockets 9 :i* !y c>ry away all ! m soluble p>ts1 su* z lime1 soda1 pota%1 silica1 magnesia1 & o!rs1 & leave = ! l& ! m insoluble p>ts4 ,^!1 too1 9 times ( flood !y c>ry away 9 susp5sion1 9 ! %ape ( s&1 silt1 mud1 gravel1 & ! l4 ,:5 ! wat]s really dige/ ! rocks1 !y hold ! v>i\s m9]als 9 solution1 & run limpid & danc+ to ! sea2 :5 !y h an undige/$ burd51 !y run angry & turbid4 ,x is e/imat$ t ! ,hudson ,riv] deposits 9 ! sea ea* ye> f\r hundr$ & =ty ?\s& tons ( m9]al matt] 9 solution :i* x has tak5 f ! l&1 & ! ,mississippi "o hundr$ & twelve million tons4 ,ea* c>ries away ab\t f\r times z mu* 9 susp5sion4 ,! dige/ive or *emical p[] ( wat]1 !n1 is only ab\t "o f\r? z great z its me*anical p[]4 ,betwe5 ! two ! l& is made to pay heavy toll to ! sea4 ,b 9 "t1 9 geologic "t1 x all comes back4 ,! susp5d$ p>ticles are dropp$ & g to make up ! s$im5t>y rocks1 :ile ! solutes help cem5t ! mat]ial ( ^! rocks toge!r1 & also n\ri% ! sea life f :i* lime/one & o!r organic rocks are made4 ,:5 ^! rocks are aga9 lift$ to ! surface & dis9tegrat$ into soil1 !n ! debt ( ! sea to ! l& is paid4 ,?is process1 ?is cycle ( soil loss & soil gr[?1 has gone on ?r\gh all "t1 & mu/ cont9ue z long z ! ra9 cont9ues to fall1 or z long z ! sea cont9ues to s5d its tax-ga!r]s to ! l&4 ,9 ?is great cycle ( give & take ( ! elem5ts1 ! affairs ( m5 cut b a mom5t>y figure2 h[ puny !y are1 h[ transi5t6 ,h[ ! great *anges1 :i* 9 "t am\nt to revolutions1 g on ov] our heads & "u our feet1 & we r>ely he$ !m1 & are p[]less to /ay !m6 ,a summ] %[] c>ries ! soil ( my side-hill1 :i* is ma9ly dis9tegrat$ ,silurian rock & %ale1 into ! riv]1 & "s millions ( ye>s h5ce1 :5 x has become /ratifi$ rock1 & be5 lift$ up into ! light ( day1 "s o!r1 &1 ,i tru/1 wis] husb&man1 w be ga!r+ 8 h>ve/ f x1 & be worri$ ov] ! d[np\r t robs him ( x4 ,! f>m]'s worry is b\nd to come back ) ! soil1 & be pass$ along ) x4 ,,viii ,,primal ,,en]gies ,h[ puny & meagre is ! utmo/ p[] man c put =?1 ev5 by ! aid ( all 8 me*anical appliances1 :5 comp>$ ) ! primal e>? =ces6 ,?9k1 or try to ?9k1 ( ! =ce ( pressure t causes ! rock-/rata to buckle or crumple or b5d--lay]s ( rock1 ?\s&s ( feet ?ick1 made to fold & b5d l ! leaves ( a book--va/ m\nta9-*a9s flex$ & =e%ort5$1 or ruptur$ & fault$ z ! b5d+ ( "o's body wr9kles or rips "o's clo!s4 ,?9k ( ! ov]-?ru/s & ! fold+ & %e>+ ( ! e>?'s cru/4 ,! %r9k+ ( ! e>? squeezes ! rocks to an ext5t q beyond our p[] ( conception4 ,s ov]p[]+ has be5 ! horizontal movem5t 9 "s cases1 says ,dana1 t masses ( rock ?\s&s ( feet 9 ?ickness h be5 buckl$ up & %e>$1 or1 simply yield+ to pressure1 h %e>$ )\t fold+1 & be5 ?ru/ =w>d = miles along a g5tly incl9$ plane4 ,^! great rev]s$ faults are t]m$ ov]-?ru/s or ?ru/-planes4 ,sometimes su* ?ru/-planes occur s+ly1 at o!r times ! rocks h yield$ aga9 & aga91 great %eets hav+ be5 slic$ (f successively1 & driv5 =w>d "o ^u ! o!r4 ,9 nor!rn ,montana !re is an ov]-?ru/ ( ! ,cambrian rocks ^u ! late ,cretace\s1 ( sev5 or eight miles1 c>ry+ ) x :at is n[ call$ ,*ief ,m\nta91 :i* has be5 c>v$ out ( ! extreme end ( ! ov]-?ru/4 ,! contemplation ( su* ?+s gives "o a s5se ( p[] 9 ,nature beyond any?+ else ,i "k (4 ,! %r9k+ ( ! globe z a :ole makes its rocky g>m5t too big = x1 & ?is titanic wr9kl+ & fold+ results4 ,:5 ! /rata snap asund] "u ! /ra91 we h e>?quakes4 ,dur+ ! rec5t ,san ,francisco e>?quake1 ,m\nt ,tamalpais1 across ! bay1 & all ! neighbor+ heights1 7 p]man5tly %ift$ eight or t5 feet4 ,! sides ( ! m\nta91 x is said1 undulat$ l a curta94 ,& ?is %ak+ & twit*+ ( ! great rocky sk9 ( ! e>? 0 va/ly less1 9 proportion to ! size ( ! globe1 ?an ! twit*+ & trembl+ ( ! sk9 ( a horse :5 he w\ld %ake (f ! flies1 9 comp>ison ) ! animal's body4 ,we see ano!r exhibition ( ! magnitude ( ! e>?'s =ces 9 :at ! geologi/ calls a laccolite--a great cave or ci/]n deep b5ea? ! surface ( /ratifi$ rock fill$ ) h>d5$ lava4 ,! lava is =c$ up f an unkn[n dep? "u su* pressure t1 n f9d+ an outlet at ! surface1 ! rock /rata1 hundr$s or ?\s&s ( feet ?ick1 are lift$ up & ar*$ l s mu* pap]1 & 9 ! cavity ?us =m$ ! p5t-up molt5 lava f9ds relief4 ,^! lava ci/]ns or pockets are sometimes uncov]$ by ! process ( erosion4 ,! ,h5ry ,m\nta9s 9 ,utah are all laccolites4 ,"o ( !m1 ,m\nt ,hill]s1 has a volume ( ab\t t5 cubic miles4 ,mu* ( ! ov]>*+ s$im5t>y /rata /ill cov]s x4 ,geologi/s read ! evid5ce ( a simil> =mation call$ a sill on ! we/ side ( ! ,hudson 9 ,new ,j]sey1 =m+ ! ,palisades4 ,! lava work$ l a giant mole up ?r\gh & !n b5ea? ! ,triassic s&/one1 lift+ ! /rata up & ar*+ !m ov] a l>ge area4 ,dur+ ! millions ( ye>s t h elaps$ s9ce t "t1 ! lay]s ( sup]9cumb5t s&/one h be5 worn away s t n[ "o sees a wide1 smoo?1 g5tle slope ( basaltic rock cov]$ by a v ?9 coat ( soil4 ,z "o goes by on ! tra91 "o sees :]e ! workm5 ( a /one-cru%+ plant h cut into ! slope & uncov]$ ! junction ( ! two k9ds ( rock1 "o born ( wat]1 & "o born ( fire4 ,! igne\s rock sits squ>ely ^u ! level s&/one1 l a r[ ( upright books /&+ ^u a %elf4 ,i nev] pass ! place b t ,i want to /op ! tra9 & get out & h a close look at ! precise spot :]e ?is son ( ,vulcan sat d[n s heavily & s hot ^u 8 bro!r ( ! s$im5t>y deposits4 ,probably no two *apt]s ( ! e>?'s hi/ory diff] m ?an ^? ( ! two sides ( ! ,hudson at ,new ,york4 ,!re is a great break "h--a leap f ,ar*aean times on ! ea/ side to ,mesozoic times on ! we/4 ,! ea/ side is millions ( ye>s ! old]4 ,"h is ! orig9al ,plutonic or ,azoic rock :i* app>5tly has nev] be5 "u ! sea s9ce x 0 fir/ ?ru/ up out ( ! fi]y dep?s4 ,! we/ %ore1 includ+ ! ,palisades1 belongs to a mu* lat] geologic era4 ,! orig9al granite "h is buri$ "u va/ deposits ( s$im5t>y rock ( ! ,triassic age--! age ( ! giant reptiles1 ! rema9s ( "o ( :i* has rec5tly be5 f\nd emb$d$ 9 ?is s&/one1 ne> ! riv]'s edge4 ,z ! travel]'s eye foll[s along ! ev51 almo/ level l9e ( ?is esc>pm5t ( ! ,palisades1 let x re-create = him ! /rata ( ! old ,triassic s&/one t 7 millions ( ye>s ago pil$ high ^u x1--h[ high c only be conjectur$1--b :i* h be5 remov$ gra9 by gra9 "u ! erod+ p[] ( ! =ces ( air & wat] t n[ seem to c>ess ! huge wall s g5tly4 ,ah6 geologic ,"t1 :at c x n d8 :at has x n done8 ,! old sill ( ,vulcan n[ pres5ts a ne>ly v]tical front to ! ,hudson1 =m+ ! ,palisades1 %[+ t "s leaves ( ! e>?'s hi/ory "h are miss+1 buri$ probably b5ea? ! wat]s ( ! riv]4 ,!re is evid5tly a l9e ( fault "h1 & ! we/ side has be5 lift$ up out ( ! old ,mesozoic seas1 probably 9 ! convulsions t p\r$ out ! lava ( ! trap rock4 ,,ix ,,sci5tific ,,fai? ,i f9d myself accept+ c]ta9 ?+s on ! au?ority ( sci5ce :i* s f> transc5d my exp]i5ce1 & ! exp]i5ce ( ! race & all ! k ( ! _w1 9 fact :i* come s ne> be+ un?9kable1 t ,i call my acceptance ( !m an act ( sci5tific fai?4 ,"o's reason may be conv9c$ & yet ! he>t refuse to believe4 ,x is n s mu* a "q ( evid5ce z a "q ( capacity to receive evid5ce ( an unusual k9d4 ,"o ( ! conclusions ( sci5ce :i* ,i feel =c$ to accept1 & yet :i* ,i f9d v h>d "w to believe1 is t ( ! animal orig9 ( man4 ,i suppose my logical faculties are conv9c$1 b :at is t 9 me t is baffl$1 & t hesitates & demurs8 ,! idea ( ! orig9 ( man f "s l[] =m requires su* a plunge into ! pa/1 & su* a fai? 9 ! trans=m+ p[] ( ! biological laws1 & 9 ! div9ity t lurks 9 ! soil und]foot & /reams f ! orbs ov]head1 t ! ord9>y m9d is q unequal to ! task4 ,= ! book ( ,g5esis ( ! old ,bible we h sub/itut$ ! book ( g5esis ( ! rocky scripture ( ! globe--a book torn & mutilat$1 t has be5 ?r\gh fire & flood & e>?quake %ock1 t has be5 9 ! sea & on ! heights1 & t only ! palaeontologi/ c read or deciph] correctly1 b :i* is a v]itable bible ( ! succession ( life on ! e>?4 ,! ev5ts ( ! days ( creation are record$ "h1 b !y are days ( su* l5g? t !y are to be reckon$ only 9 millions ( ye>s4 ,! evolution ( ! horse1 accord+ to ! be/ & late/ rese>*1 f ! eohippus ( ,eoc5e times--a small mammal no l>g] ?an ! fox--to ! pr\d & fleet creature t we prize to-day1 occupi$ f\r or five millions ( ye>s4 ,?9k ( t fir/ kn[n prog5itor ( ! horse z nev] dy+1 b liv+ on ?r\gh ! geological ages & be+ sl[ly1 oh1 s sl[ly1 modifi$ by its environm5t1 *ang+ its tee?1 its ho(s1 enl>g+ its body1 l5g!n+ its limbs1 & s on1 till x becomes ! horse we "k to-day4 ,9 accept+ ! !ory ( ! animal orig9 ( man we h got to foll[ man back1 n only till we f9d him a nak$ savage l ! ,fuegians z ,d>w9 describes !m1--nak$1 b$aub$ ) pa9t1 ) matt$ hair & looks wild & di/ru/ful1--b we _c /op !re1 we mu/ foll[ him back till he becomes a troglodyte1 a cave-dwell]1 cont5d+ ) ! cave be>1 ! cave lion1 & ! hy5a = ! possession ( ?is rude %elt]2 back /ill1 till we f9d him 9 trees liv+ l ! an?ropoid apes2 !n back to ! e>? aga9 to "s f\r-foot$ creature1 probably ( ! m>supial k9d2 /ill ! trail leads d[nw>d & ev] d[nw>d1 till we lose x 9 t maze ( m>9e =ms t sw>m 9 ! ,palaeozoic seas1 or until ! imag9ation is baffl$ & refuses to proce$4 ,x c]ta9ly is a h>d proposition1 & x puts "o ^u 8 mettle to accept x4 ,%\ld we n f9d equal difficulty 9 believ+ ! life-hi/ory ( ea* "o ( u1--! />t 9 ! g]m1 !n ! vague sugge/ion ( fi%1 & frog1 & reptile1 9 our foetal life1--7 x n a matt] ( daily exp]i5ce8 ,let x be grant$ t ! race ( man 0 born z lit]ally out ( ! animal =ms bel[ him z ! *ild is born out ( ^! vague1 pr5atal animal =ms 9 its "m's womb4 ,yet ! =m] fact s f> transc5ds our exp]i5ce1 & ev5 our p[] ( imag9ation1 t we c receive x only by an act ( sci5tific fai?1 z our fa!rs receiv$ ! dogmas ( ! ,*ur* by an act ( religi\s fai?4 ,i confess t ,i f9d x h>d "w to get on intimate t]ms ) evolution1 famili>ize my m9d ) x1 & make x ?9kable4 ,! gulf t sep>ates man f ! ord]s bel[ him is s impassable1 8 intellig5ce is s radically diff]5t f !irs1 & 8 progress s enorm\s1 :ile !y h /ood /ill1 t believ+ x is l believ+ a miracle4 ,t ! app>5tly bl9d grop+ & exp]im5tation :i* m>k ! c\rse ( evolution z reveal$ by palaeontology--! wa/e1 ! delay1 ! vicissitudes1 ! hit-&-miss me?od--%\ld h f9ally result$ 9 ?is supreme animal1 man1 puts our sci5tific fai? to ! te/4 ,9 ! light ( evolution h[ ! halo ) :i* we h surr\nd$ our orig9 vani%es6 ,man has f ! e>lie/ p]iod believ$ himself ( div9e orig91 & by ! div9e he has meant some?+ f> remov$ f ?is e>? & all its laws & processes1 some?+ q transc5d+ ! mundane =ces4 ,he has inv5t$ or dream$ my?s & leg5ds to ?r[ ! halo ( ! exceptional1 ! f> remov$1 ! my/ical1 or ! div9e ar\nd 8 orig94 ,he has spurn$ ! clod ) 8 foot2 he has d5i$ all k9%ip ) bird & bea/ ar\nd him1 & look$ to ! heav5s above = ! s\rces ( 8 life4 ,& !n unpity+ sci5ce comes along & tells him t he is "u ! same law z ! life he treads "u foot1 & t t law is adequate to trans=m ! worm into ! man2 t he1 too1 has grovel$ 9 ! du/1 or wall[$ 9 ! slime1 or f\ght & revel$1 a reptile among reptiles2 t ! heav5s above him1 to :i* he turns ) su* awe & rev]5ce1 or su* dread & =ebod+1 are ! s\rce ( 8 life & hope 9 no o!r s5se ?an !y are ! s\rce ( ! life & hope ( all o!r creatures4 ,b ?is is ! way ( sci5ce2 x enhances ! value or significance ( ev]y?+ ab\t u t we are wont to treat z *eap or vulg>1 & x disc\nts ! value ( ! ?+s f> (f ^u :i* we h laid su* /ress4 ,x ties u to ! e>?1 x calls 9 ! mess5g]s we s5d =? into ! unkn[n2 x makes ! a/oni%+ revelation-- revolution>y revelation1 ,i may say--t ! e>? is embosom$ 9 ! inf9ite heav5s ! same z ! />s t %9e above u1 t ! creative en]gy is work+ n[ & "h und]foot1 ! same z 9 ! ages ( my? & miracle2 9 o!r words1 t ,god is really imman5t 9 8 univ]se1 & insep>able f x2 t we h be5 9 heav5 & "u ! cele/ial laws all our lives1 & knew x n4 ,sci5ce ?us kills religion1 poetry1 & romance only s f> z x dispels our illusions & br+s u back f ! imag9>y to ! common & ! ne> at h&4 ,x disc\nts heav5 9 favor ( e>?4 ,x %\ld make u m at home 9 ! _w1 & m consci\s ( ! daily beauty & wond]s t surr\nd u1 &1 if x does n1 ! tr\ble is probably 9 ! ages ( my? & fable t lie beh9d u & t h left _! intoxicat+ influ5ce 9 our blood4 ,we are will+ to be made out ( ! du/ ( ! e>? :5 ,god makes u1 ! ,god we h made ourselves out ( our dreams & fe>s & aspirations1 b we are n will+ to be made out ( ! du/ ( ! e>? :5 ! god call$ ,evolution makes u4 ,an imp]sonal law or process we _c rev]e or fe> or wor%ip or exalt2 we c only /udy x & put x to ! te/4 ,we c love or wor%ip only p]sonality4 ,?is is :y sci5ce puts su* a damp] ^u u2 x bani%es p]sonality1 z we h h]et(ore conceiv$ x1 f ! univ]se4 ,! ?und] is no long] ! voice ( ,god1 ! e>? is no long] 8 foot/ool4 ,p]sonality appe>s only 9 man2 ! univ]se is n inhuman1 b unhuman4 ,x is ?is discov]y t we recoil f1 & blame sci5ce =2 & until1 9 ! process ( "t1 we %all h adju/$ our m9ds1 & especially our emotions1 to x1 mank9d w /ill recoil f x4 ,we love our dreams1 our imag9+s1 z we love a prospect be=e our h\ses4 ,we love an outlook into ! ideal1 ! unkn[n 9 our lives4 ,b we love also to feel ! solid gr\nd b5ea? our feet4 ,:e!r life loses 9 *>m z we lose our illusions1 & :e!r x ga9s 9 p[] & satisfaction z we m & m rea* solid gr\nd 9 our beliefs1 is a "q t w be answ]$ diff]5tly by diff]5t p]sons4 ,we h va/ly m solid k ab\t ! univ]se amid :i* we live ?an _h our fa!rs1 b are we happi]1 bett]1 /rong]8 ,may x n be said t our lives consi/1 n 9 ! numb] ( ?+s we "k any m ?an 9 ! numb] ( ?+s we possess1 b 9 ! ?+s we love1 9 ! dep? & s9c]ity ( our emotions1 & 9 ! elevation ( our aspirations8 ,has n sci5ce also enl>g$ ! sph]e ( our love1 & giv5 u new gr\nds = wond] & admiration8 ,x c]ta9ly has1 b x z c]ta9ly has put a damp] ^u our awe1 our rev]5ce1 our v5]ation4 ,h[ev] valuable ^! emotions are1 & :atev] "p !y may h play$ 9 ! developm5t ( "* 9 ! pa/1 !y seem doom$ to play less & less "p 9 ! future4 ,poetry & religion1 s call$1 seem doom$ to play less & less "p 9 ! life ( ! race 9 ! future4 ,we %all /ill dream & aspire1 b we %all n tremble & wor%ip z 9 ! pa/4 ,we see ab\t u daily trans=mations z /up5d\s z t ( ! evolution ( man f ! l[] animals1 & we m>vel n4 ,we see ! inorganic pass into ! organic1 we see iron & lime & pota% & silex blu% 9 ! fl[]s1 sweet5 9 ! fruit1 rip5 9 ! gra91 crimson 9 ! blood1 & we m>vel n4 ,we see ! spotless pond-lily ris+ & unfold+ its sn[y petals1 & its trembl+ he>t ( gold1 f ! black slime ( ! pond4 ,we contemplate our own life-hi/ory z %[n 9 our pre-natal life1 & we are n di/urb$4 ,b :5 we /ret* ?is process out ?r\gh ! geologic ages & try to see ourselves a g]m1 a fi%1 a reptile1 9 ! womb ( "t1 we are balk$4 ,we d n see ! great "m1 or ! great fa!r1 or feel ! lift ( ! great biologic laws4 ,we are beyond our dep?4 ,x is easy to believe t ! baby is born ( woman1 because x is a matt] ( daily exp]i5ce1 b x is n easy to believe t man is born ( ! animal _w bel[ him1 & t t is born ( inorganic ,nature1 because ! fact is too big & trem5d\s4 ,:at we call ,nature works 9 no o!r way2 "o law is ov] big & little alike4 ,:at ,nature does 9 a day typifies :at %e does 9 an et]nity4 ,x is :5 we rea* ! ?+s done on su* an enorm\s scale ( "t & p[] & size t we are helpless4 ,! almo/ inf9itely sl[ trans=mations t ! !ory ( evolution dem&s balk u z d ! size & di/ance ( ! fix$ />s4 ,no obs]vation or /udy ( evolution on a small scale & ne> at h& 9 ! famili> facts ( ! life ab\t u c prep>e u = x1 any m ?an lake & riv] c prep>e u = ! ocean1 or ! model+ ( m9iature valleys & m\nta9s by ! ra9 9 ! clay bank c op5 our m9ds to receive ! trem5d\s facts ( ! c>v+ ( ! face ( ! cont95t by ! same ag5ts4 ,we d n see evolution work+ 9 "o day1 or 9 a c5tury1 or 9 _m c5turies4 ,nei!r d we cat* ! gods ( erosion at _! ,h]culean tasks4 ,!y always seem to be hav+ a holiday1 or else to be m]ely toy+ ) _! "w4 ,:5 we see a m\nd ( e>? or a bank ( clay worn into m9iature m\nta9-*a9s & canons & gul*es by ! ra9s ( a season1 we d n d\bt our eyes2 we "k ! ra9s did x4 ,b :5 we see ! same ?+ copi$ 9 a broad l&scape1 or on ! face ( a /ate or a cont95t1 we f9d x h>d to believe ! evid5ce ( our own s5ses4 ,! scale ^u :i* x is done1 & ! "t involv$1 put x s f> beyond ! sph]e ( our exp]i5ce t some?+ 9 u1 probably ! practical1 ev]yday man1 refuses to be conv9c$4 ,! lay m9d c h>dly h any adequate conception ( ! "p erosion1 ! simple wea!r+ ( ! rocks1 has play$ 9 %ap+ our l&scapes1 & 9 prep>+ ! e>? = ! abode ( man4 ,! *anges 9 ! surface ( ! l& 9 "o's lifetime1 or ev5 9 ! hi/oric p]iod1 are s slight t ! tales ! geologi/s tell u are incr$ible4 ,:51 dur+ a rec5t trip ?r\gh ! great ,s\?we/1 ,i saw ! e>? laid op5 by erosion z ,i _h nev] be=e dream$ (1 especially :5 ,i visit$ ^? halls ( ! gods1 ! ,gr& ,canon & ,yosemite ,valley1 ,i f\nd my capacity to believe 9 ! erosive p[] ( wat] & ! wea!r q ov]tax$4 ,x mu/ be true1 ,i said1 :at ! geologi/s tell u1 t wat] & air did all ?is2 b :ile y look & wait1 & :ile g5]ations be=e y h look$ & wait$1 all is z quiet & passive z if ! slumb] ( ages wrapp$ hill & vale4 ,invisible giants h wr\ght & delv$ "h ( :om we nev] cat* a glimpse1 nor %all we1 wait & wat* we nev] s long4 ,no s\nd ( _! hamm]s or picks or %ovels or ( ! dynamite ev] breaks ! /illness ( ! air4 ,i h to believe t ! valleys & m\nta9s ( my native ,catskills 7 c>v$ out ( a great elevat$ pla9 or plateau2 !re is no o!r explanation ( !m4 ,"h lie ! level /rata1 )\t any b5d+ or fold+1 or sign ( convulsion & upheavals1 horizontal z ! surface ( ! sea or lake 9 :i* _! s$im5ts 7 orig9ally laid d[n2 & "h are ^! deep1 wide valleys cut d[n ?r\gh ^! _m %eets ( /ratifi$ rock2 & "h are ^! long1 high1 broad-back$ m\nta9s1 made up ( ! rock t ! =ces ( air & wat] h left1 & ) no =ces ( erosion at "w t w\ld appreciably alt] a l9e ( ! l&scape 9 t5 ?\s& ye>s2 & yet we "k1 if we "k any?+ ab\t ! physical hi/ory ( ! e>?1 t erosion has done ?is "w1 c>v$ out ^! m\nta9s & valleys1 f ! ,devonian /rata1 z lit]ally z ! sculptor c>ves 8 /atue f ! block ( m>ble4 ,above my lodge on ! home f>m ! va/ lay]s ( ! gray1 ?9-%eet$ ,catskill rock crop out & look across ! valley to _! fell[s two or m miles away :]e !y crop out 9 a simil> mann] on ! opposite slope ( ! m\nta94 ,) ! eye ( fai? ,i see ! great %eets re/or$1 & foll[ !m across on ! l9e :i* !y made aeons ago1 till !y are jo9$ aga9 to _! fell[s z !y 7 be=e ! ag5ts ( erosion _h s widely sev]$ !m4 ,^! physical =ces h work$ z sl[ly & sil5tly 9 sculptur+ ! l&scapes z ! biological laws h work$ 9 evolv+ man f ! l[] animals1 or ! v]tebrates f ! inv]tebrates4 ,! ra9s1 ! dews1 ! sn[s1 ! w9ds--h[ c\ld ^! s(t1 g5tly c>e]+ ag5ts h demoli%$ ^! rocks & dug ^! valleys8 ,"o w\ld almo/ z soon expect ! w+s & feet ( ! birds to we> away ! =e/s !y flit ?r\gh4 ,! w+s ( "t are fea!r$ also1 & z !y bru% aga9/ ! granite or ! fl9ty s&/one no visible p>ticle is remov$ :ile y wat* & wait4 ,come back 9 a ?\s& ye>s1 & y note no *ange1 save 9 ! cov]+ ( trees & v]dure4 ,return 9 t5 ?\s&1 & y w\ld probably f9d ! hills c>ry+ _! heads z high & z pr\dly z ev]4 ,"h & !re ! face ( ! cliff may h giv5 way1 or a talus slid into ! valley1 or a /ream or riv] *ang$ its c\rse1 or saw$ deep] into ! rock1 & a lake be5 turn$ into a m>%1 or ! delta ( a riv] broad5$--m9or *anges1 su* z a %+le f y\r ro( or a brick f y\r *imney1 :ile y\r h\se /&s z be=e4 ,9 "o hundr$ ?\s& ye>s :at *anges %\ld we probably f9d8 ,"h 9 ! ,catskills1 :]e ,i write1 ! wea!r+ ( ! hills & m\nta9s w\ld probably h be5 b slight4 ,x mu/ be fifty ?\s& ye>s or m s9ce ! great ice-%eet left u4 ,:]e protect$ by a ?9 coat ( soil1 its scrat*es & grooves ^u ! surface rock are ab\t z fre% & di/9ct z y may see !m made 9 ,alaska at ! pres5t "t4 ,:]e ! rock is expos$1 !y h wea!r$ out1 "o eigh? ( an in* probably hav+ be5 worn away4 ,! drift+ ( ! )]$ leaves ( autumn1 or ( ! sn[s ( w9t] ov] !m1 x really seems1 w\ld h done z mu* 9 t /ret* ( "t4 ,!n try to fancy ! et]nity x has tak5 ! suba]ial elem5ts to cut ?\s&s ( feet ?r\gh ?is h>d ,catskill s&/one6 ,no1 ! evolution ( ! l&scape1 ! evolution ( ! animal & vegetable k+doms1 ! evolution ( ! suns & planets1 involve a process s sl[1 & on su* a scale1 t x is q un?9kable4 ,h[ long x took evolution to bridge ! *asm betwe5 ! v]tebrate & ! inv]tebrate1 betwe5 ! fi% & ! frog1 betwe5 ! frog & ! reptile1 betwe5 ! reptile & ! mammal1 or betwe5 ! l[e/ mammal & ! highe/1 :o c guess8 ,b ! gulf has be5 pass$1 & "h we are 9 ?is teem+ _w ( life & beauty1 ) a t]rible pa/ beh9d u1 b a bright] & bright] future be=e u4 ,x ,,! ,,worm ,,/riv+ ,,to ,,be ,,man ,:5 our m9ds h exp&$ suffici5tly to take 9 & accept ! !ory ( evolution1 ) :at diff]5t feel+s we look ^u ! visible univ]se f ^? ) :i* our fa!rs look$ ^u x6 ,evolution makes ! univ]se alive4 ,9 its light we see t my/]i\s pot5cy ( matt] itself1 t some?+ 9 ! clod "u foot t ju/ifies ,em]son's audaci\s l9e ( ! worm /riv+ to be man4 ,we are no long] ! adopt$ *ildr5 ( ! e>?1 b h] own real (fspr+4 ,evolution puts a/ronomy & geology 9 our blood & au!nticates u & gives u ! back+ ( ! :ole sol> sy/em4 ,?is is ! r$emption ( ! e>?3 x is ! spiritualization ( matt]4 ,9 imag9ation /& (f 9 vacant space & see ! e>? roll+ by y1 a huge bubble ) all its cont95ts & seas & *ang+ seasons & c\ntless =ms ( life ^u x1 & rememb] t y are look+ ^u a great cosmic organism1 puls+ ) ! vital curr5ts ( ! univ]se1 & t :at x holds ( liv+ =ms 7 n arbitr>ily impos$ ^u x f )\t1 b vitally evolv$ f )9 & t man himself is "o ( its products z lit]ally z are ! trees t /& root$ to ! soil4 ,rev]t to ! "t :5 life 0 n1 :5 ! globe 0 a half-inc&esc5t ball1 or :5 x 0 a see?+1 welt]+ wa/e ( heat$ wat]1 be=e ! l& _h yet em]g$ f ! waves1 & yet y & ,i 7 !re 9 ! lat5t pot5cies ( ! *emically & dynamically w>r+ elem5ts4 ,we 7 !re1 ! same z ! heat & flame are 9 ! coal & wood & z ! explosive =ce ( p[d] is 9 ! gra9s4 ,! creative cosmic *emi/ry 9 due "t br\ght u =?1 & />t$ u on ! long road t l$ f ! amoeba up to man4 ,!re h be5 no days ( creation4 ,creation has be5 a cont9u\s process1 & ! creator has be5 ?is pr9ciple ( evolution inh]5t 9 all matt]4 ,man himself 0 born ( ?is pr9ciple4 ,8 g5ealogy f9ally runs back to ! clod "u 8 feet4 ,"o has no tr\ble 9 accept+ ! old ,biblical acc\nt ( 8 orig9 f ! du/ ( ! e>? :5 "o views t du/ 9 ! light ( mod]n sci5ce4 ,man is und\bt$ly ( animal orig94 ,he is embrac$ 9 ! same zoological s*eme z are all o!r creatures1 & did n />t z man any m ?an y & ,i />t$ ) our pres5t /ature1 or ?an ! e>? sprang f *aos z we n[ behold x4 ,8 complete physical evolution mu/ h be5 a*iev$ ?\s&s ( c5turies ago1 b 8 full m5tal & spiritual evolution is n yet4 ,i ?9k ( 8 physical evolution z complet$ :5 he assum$ ! upright attitude or pass$ f a quadrup$ to a bip$1 :i* mu/ ( itself h be5 a long1 sl[ process4 ,probably our :ole hi/oric p]iod w\ld =m b a fraction ( ?is cycle ( unrecord$ "t4 ,man's complete em]g5ce f ! l[] ord]s1 s t he /ood (f 9 %>p contra/ to !m 9 8 physical =m probably occurr$ 9 lat] ,t]ti>y times1 & :at ! mean+ ( ?is /ret* ( "t is 9 human ye>s we c only conjecture4 ,dur+ ?is cycle ( numb]less mill5niums till ! dawn ( hi/ory1 man's developm5t 0 ma9ly m5tal4 ,he left ! brute creature beh9d because 8 m9d cont9u$ to develop aft] 8 physical =m 0 complete1 :ile ! brute /ood /ill4 ,:5ce ! impulse t s5t man =w>d8 ,:y 0 "o animal =m end[$ ) ! capacity = endless gr[? & developm5t1 & all ! o!rs d5i$ x8 ,ah6 t is ! "q ( que/ions4 ,comp>$ ) ! developm5t ( 8 bodily p[]s1 man's m5tal & spiritual gr[? has be5 v rapid4 ,he seems to h be5 millions ( ye>s 9 gett+ 8 body1 :ile he has be5 only mill5niums 9 gett+ 8 reason & intellig5ce4 ,:at progress s9ce ! dawn ( hi/ory6 ,comp>e ! ,g]mans ( ! "t ( ,tacitus1 or ! ,gauls ( ! "t ( ,caes>1 or ! ,britons ( ! "t ( ,hadrian ) ! p ( ^? c\ntries to-day4 ,we are prone to speak ( man's em]g5ce f ! l[] ord]s z if x 7 a simple ?+1 almo/ l ! go+ f "o c\ntry into ano!r4 ,b try to ?9k :at x means2 try to ?9k ( ! sl[ trans=mation1 ( ! long1 toilsome road ev5 f ! halfway h\se ( our simian ance/ors4 ,if we d n give him ! b5efit ( ! sudd5 mutation !ory ( ! orig9 ( species1 !n ?9k ( ! sl[ process1 hair by hair1 z x 71 by :i* a tail$1 apelike arboreal animal 0 trans=m$ into a hairless1 tailless1 erect1 tool-us+1 fire-us+1 spee*-=m+ animal4 ,we see 9 our own day 9 ! case ( ! ,african negro1 t c5turies ( our ,nor!rn climate h h>dly any appreciable effect t[>d mak+ a :ite man ( him2 nor1 on ! o!r h&1 has exposure to ! tropical sun _h mu* m effect 9 mak+ a negro ( ! :ite man4 ,probably x w\ld take t5 ?\s& ye>s or m ( ^! conditions to blea* ! pigm5ts out ( ! "o sk9 & put !m 9 ! o!r4 ,!re is conv9c+ pro( f pa9t+ & figures f\nd 9 ,egypt t nei!r ! ,african negro nor ! ,egyptian has *ang$ 9 features 9 five ?\s& ye>s4 ,! mo/ m>vel\s ?+ ab\t man's evolution is ! inborn upw>d impulse 9 "s "o l[ organism t re/$ n till x rea*$ its goal 9 him4 ,! mollusk rema9s1 b "s impulse w5t out f ! mollusk t begat ! fi%4 ,! fi% rema9s1 b "s impulse w5t out f ! fi% t begat ! amphibian4 ,! amphibian rema9s1 b "s impulse w5t out f ! amphibian t begat ! reptile4 ,! reptile rema9s1 b "s impulse w5t out f ! reptile t begat ! mammal2 & s on up to man4 ,man mu/ h _h a specific l9e ( desc5t4 ,"o gold5 ?read mu/ connect him ) ! l[e/ =ms ( life4 ,& ! wond] is t ?is gold5 ?read 0 nev] snapp$ or lo/ ?r\gh all ! t]rible vicissitudes ( ! geologic ages4 ,b ,i suppose x is j z great a wond] t ! l9e ( desc5t ( ! horse1 or ! %eep1 or ! dog1 or ! bird1 0 n snapp$ or lo/4 ,"s impulse or t5d5cy 0 lat5t or pot5tial 9 ! fir/ unicellul> life t re/$ n till x ev5tuat$ 9 ea* ( ^! high] =ms4 ,did any t]re/rial or cele/ial calamity endang] ! l9e ( desc5t ( any ( ! high] creatures8 ,0 any =m cut (f 9 ! _w-wide cru/al di/urbances ( ! e>? at ! end ( palaeozoic & mesozoic "t1 :5 s _m =ms ( animal life appe> to h be5 wip$ out1 t might 9 "t h giv5 bir? to a k9d unlike or sup]ior to any n[ ^u ! e>?8 ,species aft] species h become ext9ct1 :ole ord]s & families h gone out1 (t5 r sudd5ly4 ,:y we "k n4 ,:y ! l9e ( man's desc5t 0 n cut (f1 :o kn[s8 ,x is a va9 speculation4 ,!re c be little d\bt t 9 e>ly ,t]ti>y times our ance/or 0 a small1 feeble mammal1 maybe ( ! lemur1 maybe ( ! m>supial k9d1 p[]less be=e ! great c>nivor\s mammals ( t "t1 & probably escap+ !m by 8 great] agility1 p]haps by 8 arboreal habits4 ,! ance/or ( ! horse 0 also a small creature at t "t1 n l>g] ?an a fox4 ,x 0 n cut (f2 ! l9e ( desc5t seems complete to ! horse ( our day4 ,small beg9n+s seem to be ! rule 9 all prov9ces ( life4 ,!re is little d\bt t ! great animals ( our day--! elephant1 ! :ale1 ! lion1--all _h _! />t 9 small =ms4 ,_m ( ^! small =ms h be5 f\nd4 ,b a complete s]ies ( any ( ! animal =ms t ev5tuat$ 9 any ( ! dom9ant species is yet want+4 ,x is q c]ta9 t ! huge1 ! gigantic1 ! mon/r\s 9 animal1 z 9 vegetable life1 lies f> beh9d u4 ,is x n q c]ta9 t evolution 9 ! life ( ! globe has run its c\rse1 & t x w n aga9 br+ =? reptiles or mammals ( ! t]rible proportions ( ^? ( pa/ geologic ages8 nor f]ns1 nor mosses1 nor z gigantic trees z ^? ( ,c>bonif]\s times8 ,probably ! r$woods ( ! ,f> ,we/1 ! gigantic sequoias1 are ! la/ race ( gigantic trees4 ,! tide ( life ( ! globe is und\bt$ly at ! full4 ,! flood has no d\bt be5 *eck$ _m times4 ,! glacial p]iods1 ( :i* !re seem to h be5 sev]al 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! e>?1 & 9 diff]5t geological p]iods1 no d\bt *eck$ x :5 x occurr$4 ,b ! tide z a :ole mu/ h /eadily ris51 because ! progression f l[] to high] =ms has gone /eadily =w>d4 ,! l[] =ms h come along2 ,nature has left no?+ beh9d4 ,! radiates1 ! articulates1 ! mollusca1 are /ill ) u1 b 9 ! mid/ ( ^! ! high] & high] =ms h be5 con/antly appe>+4 ,! great biological tree has got its gr[?4 ,_m bran*es & twigs h di$ & dropp$ (f1 & _m m w d s1 are do+ s be=e our eyes1 b ,i _c help d\bt+ t any new bran*es ( importance are yet to appe>--any new families or ord]s ( birds1 or fi%es1 or reptiles1 or mammals4 ,! horse1 ! /ag1 ! %eep1 ! dog1 ! cat1 z we "k !m1 are d\btless ! end ( ! s]ies4 ,"o arrives at ?is conclusion ^u g5]al pr9ciples4 ,life z a :ole mu/ run its c\rse or rea* its high-wat] m>k1 ! same z life 9 its p>ticul> phases4 ,man has arriv$ & has univ]sal dom9ion2 all ?+s are put "u 8 feet4 ,! de/9y ( life ^u ! globe is h5ce=? l>gely 9 8 h&s4 ,n ev5 he c av]t ! f9al cosmic cata/rophe :i* physici/s =esee1 & :i*1 accord+ to ,pr(essor ,l[ell1 ! be+s ^u ,m>s are n[ /ruggl+ to w>d (f4 ,man has tak5 8 *ances 9 ! cla% ( =ces ( ! physical univ]se4 ,no favor has be5 %[n him1 or is %[n him to-day1 & yet he has come to 8 e/ate4 ,he has nev] be5 coddl$2 fire1 wat]1 fro/1 gravity1 hung]1 dea?1 h made & /ill make no exceptions 9 8 favor4 ,he is on a level ) all o!r animals 9 ?is respect4 ,he has 8 life & well-be+ on ! same t]ms z d ! f[ls ( ! air & ! bea/s ( ! fields4 ,ar*bi%op ,:ately ?\ght t primitive man c\ld nev] h rais$ himself to a high] condition )\t ext]nal aid--"s elem5t>y in/ruction to enable 8 faculties to beg9 _! "w4 ,he mu/ h _h a boo/4 ,well1 ! boo/ 0 =?com+1 b x 0 n f )\t1 b f )91 ?r\gh ?is pr9ciple ( developm5t1 ?is upw>d /riv+ t 0 innate f ! fir/ 9 c]ta9 =ms ( life & ( :i* ,:ately _h no conception4 ,x 0 ! conception ( 8 "t t creation 0 l a wat* made & w\nd up by "s p[] ext]nal to itself4 ,! physical evolution ( man1 z ,i h said1 is no d\bt complete4 ,he w nev] h w+s1 or m legs1 or long] arms1 or a bigg] bra94 ,! w+s & ! extra legs & ! ke5] s5se he has left beh9d him4 ,8 developm5t h5ce=? mu/ be 9 ! m5tal & spiritual4 ,he is b\nd to h m & m dom9ion ov] ,nature1 & see m & m cle>ly 8 own relation to h]4 ,he w 9 "t completely subdue & possess ! e>?4 ,yes1 & probably exhau/ h]8 ,b he w see 9 "t t he is squ&]+ 8 inh]itance & w m5d 8 ways4 ,he w cons]ve 9 ! future z he has wa/$ 9 ! pa/4 ,he w le>n to cons]ve 8 own heal?4 ,he w bani% disease2 he w /amp out all ! plagues & sc\rges1 ?r\gh 8 sci5tific k2 he w d\ble or treble ! l5g? ( life4 ,man has und\bt$ly pass$ ?r\gh & f9i%$ c]ta9 phases ( 8 emotional & m5tal developm5t4 ,he w nev] aga9 be ! religi\s en?usia/ & fanatic he has be5 9 ! pa/2 he has n wor%ip$ 8 la/1 b he has wor%ip$ 8 be/4 ,he w build no m ca!drals2 he w burn no m m>tyrs at ! /ake4 ,8 religion z su* is on ! wane4 ,b 8 humanit>ianism is a ris+ tide4 ,he is becom+ less & less a savage1 revolts m & m at ! sight ( blood & suff]+4 ,! highly religi\s ages 7 ages ( blood & p]secution4 ,man's t5d]ness = man has va/ly increas$4 ,! s5se ( ! sacr$ness ( human life has increas$ z 8 fai? 9 8 gods has decl9$4 ,he has gr[n m human z he has gr[n less sup]/iti\s4 ,sci5ce has atrophi$ 8 fai?1 b x has s(t5$ 8 he>t4 ,8 fe> ( ,nature has giv5 place to love4 ,man nev] lov$ z he does n[4 ,he has )drawn 8 gaze f heav5 & fix$ x ^u ! e>?4 ,z 8 int]e/ 9 o!r worlds has dim9i%$1 8 int]e/ 9 ?is has increas$4 ,z ! angels h dep>t$1 ! *ildr5 h come 94 ,:5 ! nations1 too1 cease to be savage & selfi%1 & become altrui/ic1 !n ! new bir? ( humanity w actually h occurr$4 ,z an arti/ & a creator ( beautiful =ms1 man has also _h 8 day2 he lov$ ! beautiful1 ! arti/ic1 or ! ornam5tal long be=e he lov$ ! true & ! j4 ,he 0 pr\d be=e he 0 k9d2 he 0 *ivalr\s be=e he 0 dec5t2 he 0 tattoo$ be=e he 0 wa%$2 he 0 pa9t$ be=e he 0 clo!d2 he built temples be=e he built a home2 he sacrific$ to 8 gods be=e he help$ 8 neighbor2 he 0 h]oic be=e he 0 self-d5y+2 he 0 dev\t be=e he 0 *>itable4 ,we are los+ ! savage virtues & vanities & gr[+ 9 ! grace ( all ! humanities1 & ?is process w d\btless g on1 ) _m int]ruptions & setbacks ( c\rse1 till ! k+dom ( love is at la/ fairly e/abli%$ ^u ! e>?4 ,,xi ,,! ,,phantoms ,,beh9d ,,u ,i ,i take ! title ( ?is pap] f ^? great l9es 9 ,:itman beg9n+-- ,rise aft] rise b[ ! phantoms beh9d me-- 9 :i* he laun*es 9 vivid imag9ative =m ! :ole doctr9e ( evolution "s ye>s be=e ,d>w9 _h publi%$ 8 epo*-mak+ "w on ! ,orig9 ( ,species4 ,i see af> d[n ! huge fir/ ,no?+1 & ,i "k ,i 0 ev5 !re4 ,i d n "k t ,:itman _h any concrete belief 9 ! tru? ( ! animal orig9 ( man4 ,he read z picture & p>able t :i* ! man ( sci5ce reads z demon/rable fact4 ,he saw & felt ! great tru? ( evolution1 b he saw x z writt5 9 8 own he>t & n 9 ! great /one book ( ! e>?1 & he saw x writt5 l>ge4 ,he felt its cosmic tru?1 its tru? 9 relation to ! :ole s*eme ( ?+s2 he felt 8 own k9%ip ) all t lives1 & _h a vivid p]sonal s5se ( 8 debt to ! pa/1 n only ( human hi/ory1 b also to ! pa/ ( ! e>? & ! sph]es4 ,& he felt ?is z a poet & n z a man ( sci5ce4 ,! !ory ( evolution z appli$ to ! :ole univ]se & its inevitable coroll>y1 ! animal orig9 ( man1 is n[ well e/abli%$ 9 mo/ ( ! lead+ m9ds ( ! _w1 b x is /ill reject$ by _m timid & s5sitive s\ls1 & x w be a long "t be=e x becomes univ]sally accept$4 ,d\btless "o s\rce ( ! tr\ble we h 9 accept+ ! !ory comes f ! fact t our m9ds h n be5 us$ to su* ?\ghts2 9 ! m9d ( ! race !y are a new ?+3 !y are n 9 ! lit]ature nor 9 ! philosophy nor 9 ! sacr$ books 9 :i* our m9ds h be5 nurtur$2 !y are ( ye/]day2 !y came to u raw & unhall[$ by ! usage ( ages2 m ?an t1 !y savor ( ! mat]ialism ( all mod]n sci5ce1 :i* is s di/a/eful to our f9] ideals & religi\s s5sibilities4 ,9 fact1 ^! ideas are /rang]s ( an ali5 race 9 our intellectual h\sehold1 & we look ^u !m coldly & di/ru/fully4 ,b probably to our *ildr51 or to our *ildr5's *ildr51 !y w we> q a diff]5t c\nt5ance2 !y w h become an accept$ "p ( ! great family ( ideas ( ! race4 ,ano!r h9drance is ! dullness & opacity ( our own m9ds4 ,we are sl[ to wake up to a s5se ( ! div9ity t h$ges u ab\t4 ,! great (fice ( sci5ce has be5 to %[ u ?is univ]se z mu* m wond]ful & div9e ?an we h be5 wont to believe2 %ot ?r\gh & ?r\gh ) cele/ial laws & =ces2 matt]1 inde$1 b matt] in=m$ ) _s & intellig5ce2 ! creative en]gy inh]5t & active 9 ! gr\nd und]foot n less ?an 9 ! />s & nebulae ov]head4 ,we look = ! div9e af> (f4 ,we gaze ^u ! beauty & purity ( ! heav5ly bodies )\t ?9k+ t we are also 9 ! heav5s4 ,we mu/ op5 our m9ds to ! /up5d\s fact t ,god is imman5t 9 8 univ]se & t x is lit]ally & exactly true1 z we 7 taught long ago1 t1 dur+ e mom5t ( our lives1 9 ,him we live & move & h our be+4 ,moreov]1 we are /agg]$ by ! elem5t ( va/ "t t is impli$ 9 ! hi/ory ( developm5t4 ,7 x n = ! records 9 ! rocks1 we c\ld n believe x at all4 ,all ! gr& movem5ts & processes ( nature are q beyond our k54 ,9 ! heav5s only ! a/ronom] ) 8 prisms & telescopes traces !m2 only ! geologi/ & palaeontologi/ read _! hi/ory 9 ! e>?'s cru/4 ,! soil we cultivate 0 once solid rock1 b n 9 "o lifetime1 n 9 _m lifetimes1 d we see ! trans=mation ( ! rocks into soil4 ,nations may rise & fall1 & ! rocks !y look$ ^u & ! soil !y till$ rema9 practically un*ang$4 ,geologi/s talk ab\t ! anci5t cont95ts t h pass$ away4 ,:at an abyss ( "t su* ?+s op56 ,!y talk ab\t ! bir? ( a m\nta9 or ! decay ( a m\nta9 z we talk ( ! bir? & dea? ( a man1 b 9 do+ s !y reckon ) p]iods ( "t = :i* we h no /&>ds ( measurem5t4 ,!y walk & talk ) ! ,et]nal4 ,to u ! m\nta9s seem z fix$ z ! />s4 ,b ! />s1 too1 are flitt+4 ,look at ,orion "s millions ( ye>s h5ce1 & he w h be5 torn limb f limb4 ,! comb9ation ( />s t =ms t /rik+ con/ellation & all o!r con/ellations is tempor>y z ! gr\p+ ( ! cl\ds4 ,! rise ( man f ! l[] ord]s implies a scale ( "t almo/ z great4 ,x is un9telligible to u because x belongs to a category ( facts t transc5ds our exp]i5ce & ! exp]i5ce ( ! race z ! int]/ell> spaces transc5d our e>?ly measurem5ts4 ,we n[ gaze ^u ! ord] bel[ u across an impassable gulf1 b t gulf we h cross$ & )\t any sup]natural means ( transportation4 ,we may say x has be5 bridg$ or fill$ ) ! humble ance/ral =ms t c>ri$ =w>d ! preci\s evolution>y impulse ( ! v]tebrate s]ies till x culm9at$ 9 man4 ,all ve/iges ( t liv+ bridge are n[ gone1 & ! leg5d ( our cross+ seems l a dream or a miracle4 ,biological evolution has gone h& 9 h& ) geological evolution1 & bo? are on a scale ( "t ( :i* our h\r-glass ( ! c5turies gives u b a fa9t h9t4 ,our notions ( "t are n =m$ on ! patt]n ( ! cosmic processes1 or ! geologic processes1 or ! evolution>y processes2 !y are =m$ on ! patt]n ( our own brief span ( life4 ,9 a few cases 9 ! famili> life ab\t u we see ! evolution>y process abridg$1 & trans=mations l ^? ( unrecord$ "t take place be=e our eyes1 z :5 ! tadpole becomes ! frog or ! grub becomes ! butt]fly4 ,^! rapid *anges are analog\s to ^? :i* 9 ! dep?s ( geologic "t h evolv$ ! bird f ! fi% or ! reptile1 or ! seal & ! manatee f a f\rfoot$ l& animal4 ,our common bluebird has long be5 recogniz$ z a desc5dant ( ! ?ru% family2 ?is orig9 is evid5t 9 ! speckl$ brea/ ( ! "y birds & 9 ! voices ( ! mature birds4 ,i h he>d a bluebird ) an unmi/akable ?ru% note4 ,! trans=mation has d\btless be5 s sl[ t an analog\s *ange tak+ place 9 any ( ! bird =ms ( our own "t w\ld entirely escape obs]vation4 ,! bluebird may h be5 z long 9 gett+ 8 blue coat z man has be5 9 gett+ 8 upright position4 ,look+ into ! laws & processes ( ! common nature ab\t u = clues to ! orig9 ( man is n unlike look+ into ! records ( ! phonograph = ! secret ( ! music :i* t wond]ful in/rum5t voices = u4 ,some?+1 "s active pr9ciple or ag5t1 has to invoke ! music t slumb]s or is lat5t 9 ^! l9es4 ,9 l mann] "s pr9ciple or =ce t we d n see is active 9 ! gr\nd und]foot & 9 ! =ms ( life ab\t u :i* is ! f9al secret ( ! orig9 ( man & ( all o!r creatures4 ,?is some?+ is ! evolution>y impulse1 ?is innate aspiration ( liv+ matt] to rea* high] & high] =ms4 ,urge & urge1 says ,:itman1 always ! procreant urge ( ! _w4 ,x is 9 ,em]son's worm /riv+ to be man4 ,?is /riv+ p]vades organic nature4 ,:5ce its orig9 sci5ce does n assume to say4 ,footnote3 ,?is passage 0 writt5 long be=e ,i _h read ,b]gson's ,creative ,evolution1 z 7 sev]al o!rs ( ! same import 9 ?is volume4 ,!n ! diff]5ce 9 k9d betwe5 ! m9d ( man & t ( ! l[] ord]s makes evolution a d\bly h>d problem4 ,look ov] ! globe & see :at a gulf sep>ates man f all o!r creatures4 ,all ! o!r animals seem ak9--z if ! product ( ! same workman4 ,man1 9 contra/1 seems l an introduction f "s o!r sph]e or ! outcome ( q o!r psy*ological laws2 8 dom9ion ov] !m all is s complete & univ]sal4 ,)\t _! specialization ( /ructure or p[]s1 he yet ma/]s !m all & uses !m2 )\t _! p[]s ( spe$1 he yet out/rips !m2 )\t _! /r5g? ( tusk & limb1 he yet subdues !m2 )\t _! in]rant in/9ct1 he yet outwits !m2 )\t _! ke5ness ( eye1 e>1 & nose1 he yet w9s 9 ! *ase2 )\t _! special adaptation to environm5t1 he survives :5 !y p]i%4 ,a man is m>k$ (f f ! animals bel[ him1 ,i say1 z if he 7 a be+ ( ano!r sph]e4 ,he looks into _! eyes & !y into 81 & no recognition passes2 & yet we h to believe t he & !y are fruit ( ! same biologic tree & t _! /em =ms unite 9 ! same trunk some:]e 9 ! abyss ( biologic "t4 ,! rise ( man f ! l[] ord]s taxes our p[]s ( belief & our fai? 9 ! div9ity t lurks und]foot f> m ?an did ! special creation my?4 ,creation by omnipot5t fiat seems easy :5 y h ! omnipot5t be+ to beg9 )1 b creation ?r\gh evolution is a k9d ( cosmic or biologic leg]dema9 t baffles & bewild]s u4 ,x s f> transc5ds all our e>?ly k & exp]i5ce & all ! flights ( our philosophy t we /& spee*less be=e x4 ,x op5s a gulf t ! imag9ation _c cle>2 x op5s vi/as f :i* we in/9ctively %r9k2 x op5s up abysms ( "t 9 :i* our :ole hi/oric p]iod w\ld be b a day2 x op5s up a _w ( /ruggle1 delay1 wa/e1 failure t palls ! imag9ation4 ,x *all5ges our fai? 9 ! imman5cy & 9 ! ceaseless activity ( ,god 9 8 _w2 x br+s ! creative en]gy d[n f its cele/ial abode & clo!s x ) ! fle% & blood ( animal life4 ,x may *ill & %ock u2 x %[s u t we are ( ! e>? e>?y2 yea1 t we are ( ! animal bea/ly2 x presses u d[n 9 matt]2 x puts out ! lights to :i* we h s long turn$ z light+ our orig92 ! words sacr$1 div9e1 holy1 & cele/ial1 z appli$ to our orig9 & developm5t1 we h no long] any use =1 nor = any words or ideas t set u ap>t f ! re/ ( creation--above x 9 our orig9 or ap>t f x 9 our relations4 ,! atmosph]e ( my/]y & miracle & sanctity t our religi\s tra9+ has ?r[n ar\nd our introduction ^u ?is planet & ar\nd our relations & de/9y sci5ce dispels4 ,our language & _m ( our ideas & habits ( ?\ght date back to pre-sci5tific times--:5 !re 7 two worlds1 ! heav5ly & ! e>?ly1 sep>at$ by a gulf4 ,n[ we "k t ! two worlds are "o1 t !y are insep>ably bl5d$2 t ! cele/ial & ! t]re/rial are "u ! same law2 t we c nev] be any m 9 ! heav5s ?an we are "h & n[1 nor any ne>] ! f9al s\rces ( life & p[]2 t ! div9e is und]foot z well z ov]head2 t we are "p & p>cel ( ! physical univ]se1 & take our *ances 9 ! cosmic processes ! same z ! re/1 & draw ^u ! same fund ( animal life t ! o!r creatures d4 ,we are id5tifi$ ) ! worm und]foot no less ?an ) ! />s ov]head4 ,we are n degrad$ by su* a ?\ght1 b ! :ole ( creation is lift$ up4 ,our m9ds & bodies are n less div9e1 b all ?+s are m div9e4 ,we h to gird up our lo9s & try to summon /r5g? to see ?is trem5d\s univ]se z x is1 alive & div9e to ! la/ p>ticle & embosom$ 9 ! ,inf9ite4 ,,ii ,evolution is n ! f9al explanation ( ! univ]se1 b x is probably ! l>ge/ g5]alization ( ! mod]n m9d4 ,sci5ce has to />t some:]e1 & x />ts ) ! univ]se z x f9ds x & seeks to trace second>y or proximate causes2 ! evolutioni/ seeks to trace ! foot/eps ( creative en]gy 9 ! _w ( animal life4 ,h[ did ,god make man8 ,out ( ! du/ ( ! e>?1 says ! ,bible ( our fa!rs4 ,! evolutioni/ tea*es ess5tially ! same ?+1 only he does n abridge ! process z ! cate*ism has abridg$ x = u2 he w\ld fa9 unfold ! :ole long road t man has travel$ f ! fir/ protozoic cell to ! va/ communities ( cells t n[ make up 8 physical life4 ,he w\ld %[ h[ man has ris5 on /epp+-/ones ( 8 dead self4 ,^! /epp+-/ones h be5 ! animal =ms bel[ him4 ,9 !m & ?r\gh !m some?+1 "s impulse1 "s =ce1 has m\nt$ & m\nt$ ?r\gh all ! enorm\s lapse ( geologic "t4 ,9 imag9ation we see ! dim1 %ad[y man1 re/less & /ruggl+ 9 a va/ numb] ( e>li] =ms4 ,he has /ruggl$ upw>d ?r\gh ! inv]tebrates1 ?r\gh ! fi%1 ?r\gh ! reptile1 ?r\gh ! l[] mammals1 ?r\gh 8 simian ance/ors till he rea*es 8 goal 9 ! man we "k4 ,d>w9 0 n ! au?or ( ! !ory ( evolution1 b he made ! !ory alive & real to ! imag9ation4 ,he %[$ u :at a ma/] key x is = unlock+ ! riddle ( ! life ( ! globe4 ,he laun*$ biological sci5ce ^u a new c>e] & made x wor?y ( its place 9 ! great trilogy ( sci5ces1 a/ronomy1 geology1 & biology1 ( :i* ,t5nyson1 9 8 poem ,p>nassus1 recogniz$ only ! fir/ two4 ,_h ,t5nyson writt5 8 poem 9 our day he w\ld und\bt$ly h includ$ biology among 8 t]rible ,muses t t[] above all o!rs1 eclips+ ! glory ( ! great poets4 ,or is x true t we f9d x easi] to accept ! !ory ( ! evolution ( ! worlds & suns f nebul\s matt] ?an to accept ! !ory ( ! evolution ( man f ! maze ( ! l[] animal =ms8 ,x is less p]sonal to u4 ,! a/ronom] has ! advantage ( ! biologi/ 9 "o important respect3 he c %[ u 9 ! heav5s n[ ! process ( ! evolution ( worlds actually go+ on1 b ! biologi/ _c %[ u ! trans=mation ( "o species into ano!r tak+ place to-day4 ,we c s\nd ! abysses ( a/ronomic space easi] ?an we c s\nd ! abysses ( geologic "t4 ,! />s & ! nebulae we h always ) u1 b :]e are ! myriad e>li] =ms t 7 ! antec$5ts ( ! pres5t animal life ( ! globe8 ,true1 ! palaeontologi/ f9ds a m or less disjo9t$ record ( !m 9 ! /ratifi$ rocks & sees 9 a measure ! c\rse evolution has tak51 b he does n actually see x at "w z does ! a/ronom]4 ,m ?an t1 ! =ces ! a/ronom] deals ) are me*anical & *emical1 b ! biologi/ deals ) a new =ce call$ life t (t5 rev]ses or defies me*anical & *emical =ces1 b :i* is yet s id5tifi$ & bl5d$ ) !m t we _c conceive x ap>t f !m4 ,! /oma* does n dige/ itself1 nor gravity hold ! blood 9 ! l[] extremities4 ,! tree lifts up its weight ( fluids & solids & holds al(t its fruit & foliage 9 spite ( gravity2 its gr[+ roots split & lift ! rocks2 mosses & li*5s dis9tegrate granite2 vital en]gy triumphs ov] *emical & me*anical en]gy4 ,biological laws are mu* m subtle & difficult to trace & =mulate ?an *emical & me*anical laws4 ,h5ce ! /ud5t ( organic evolution c r>ely arrive at ! demon/rable c]ta9ties 9 ?is field t he c 9 ! sph]e ( *emi/ry & me*anics4 ,x is v d\btful if life c ev] be expla9$ 9 t]ms ( ^! ?+s4 ,life works ?r\gh *emical comb9ations & aff9ities1 & yet is x n m ?an *emi/ry8 ,x works ) & ?r\gh me*anical pr9ciples & =ces1 & yet x is evid5tly m ?an me*anics4 ,x is manife/$ ?r\gh matt]1 & yet no analysis ( matt] c reveal its secret4 ,x comes & goes :ile matt] /ays2 we de/roy life1 b _c de/roy matt]4 ,x is z fugitive z ! w9d :i* fills all sails "o m9ute & is gone ! next4 ,x avails itself ( fluids & gases & ! laws :i* gov]n !m1 b fluids & gases d n expla9 x4 ,x waits ^u ! ra9s & ! dews1 b x is m ?an !y are2 x foll[s 9 ! foot/eps ( ! decay & dis9tegration ( ! inorganic1 & yet x is n ! gift ( ^! ?+s2 x trans=ms ! face ( ! e>?1 & yet ! e>? has be5 & w be :5 x 0 n & :5 x w n be4 ,?r\gh 8 k & 8 sci5ce man p]=ms wond]s e day2 he c r$uce m\nta9s to p[d] & seas to dry l&1 b he _c create or />t de novo ! lea/ ?rob ( life4 ,at lea/1 he has n yet done s4 ,) all 8 va/ res\rces ( me*anics & *emi/ry1 & 8 insight into ! me*anism ( ! univ]se1 he has n yet made ! lea/ p>ticle ( inorganic matt] ?rill ) ! my/]i\s some?+ we call life4 ,!re mu/ h be5 a "t :5 life 0 n ^u ! e>? & !re mu/ aga9 come a "t :5 x w n be4 ,x has probably vani%$ f ! moon & all inf]ior planets1 & x has n yet come to ! sup]ior planets1 except maybe to ,m>s4 ,x mu/ be & mu/ h always be5 pot5tial 9 matt]1 b ?is fact leaves ! my/]y z pr(\nd z ev]4 ,yet if ! artificial production ( life 7 to happ5 to-day--if 9 "s ( our laboratories liv+ matt] 7 produc$ f non-liv+1 %\ld we n /ill h to cr$it ! ev5t to "s my/]i\s pot5cy resid+ 9 matt] itself8 ,if by a lucky /roke man 7 to evoke ! organic f ! inorganic1 be assur$ he w\ld n evoke some?+ f no?+1 or add any?+ to ! lat5t possibilities ( ! elem5ts ) :i* he works4 ,does n ! "q /ill rema9 :o or :at made ?is feat possible8 ,"o d>e affirm t man _c create life de novo any m ?an he c create matt]4 ,he may yet evoke life z he evokes ! sp>k f ! fl9t & ! flame f ! mat* or z he evokes =ce f ! food he eats4 ,9 ?is latt] case he does n create ! =ce2 he lib]ates x ?r\gh ! vital =ces ( 8 body4 ,! sp>k f ! fl9t & ! flame f ! mat* 7 call$ =? by a me*anical process1 b ! process 0 set go+ by ! w :i* waits ^u ! vital process4 ,! body ) all its _m functions is a complicat$ sy/em ( me*anical devices & *emical processes1 b t :i* is back ( all & gov]ns all is n me*anical2 ! body is a ma*9e plus some?+ else4 ,! *emi/ or biologi/ :o %all produce a speck ( protoplasm to-day w h ! cr$it ( unlock+ a p[] 9 inorganic nature2 he w prove by a %ort cut h[ imman5t ! creative en]gy or ! vital =ce ( ! univ]se is 9 matt]4 ,he w n h elim9at$ ! creative en]gy2 he w only h disclos$ x & avail$ himself ( x4 ,we behold spontane\s combu/ion1 a fire self-k9dl$1 b we d n see ! activity ( ! p>ticles ( matt] t prec$$ x or p5etrate ! secret ( _! my/]i\s aff9ities4 ,! fire 0 pot5tial !re 9 ! v con/itution ( ! elem5ts4 ,we fl\t at miracles1 & !n we disclose an un5d+ miracle 9 ! life ab\t u4 ,all ! life ^u ! globe1 includ+ man ) all 8 m>vel\s p[]s1 surely orig9at$ ^u ! globe1 surely arose out ( ! non-liv+ & ! non-?9k+1 n by ! fiat ( "s p[] ext]nal to nature1 b ?r\gh ! creative en]gy inh]5t 9 nature & ev] active !re4 ,! great physical in/rum5tality 0 heat--)\t heat ! reaction call$ life c\ld nev] h tak5 place4 ,?is fact has l$ a ,fr5* biologi/ to say t life is only a surface accid5t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! !rmic evolution ( ! globe4 ,)\t ! dis9tegration ( ! rocks & ! =mation ( ! soil & ! precipitation ( wat]y vapor1 :i* 0 indirectly ! "w ( heat1 ! vegetable & ! animal c\ld n h develop$4 ,if we succe$ 9 prov+ t all ^! ?+s are ( *emico-me*anical orig91 we /ill want to "k :o or :at in/itut$ ^! *emical & me*anical p[]s & ! laws t gov]n !m4 ,creation by *emi/ry & me*anics is z my/]i\s z creation by miracle4 ,we mu/ /ill h a creator1 :ile we c d no?+ ) him nor f9d any place = him 9 an endless1 beg9n+less1 inf9ite s]ies ( ev5ts4 ,s !re we are4 ,we g out ( ! same door by :i* we came 94 ,:5 all life vani%es f ! e>?1 z x w :5 ! condition ( heat & moi/ure has radically *ang$1 & et]nal refrig]ation sets 9--:at !n8 ,! pot5cies ( matt] w n h *ang$ & life w reappe> & g ?r\gh its cycle aga9 on "s o!r sph]e4 ,life began ^u ?is e>? n by miracle 9 ! old s5se1 b by miracle 9 ! new sci5tific s5se--by ! imman5ce & ceaseless activity ( ! creative en]gy 9 ! physical _w ab\t u--9 ! sunbeam1 9 ! ra9s1 9 ! sn[s1 9 ! air curr5ts1 & 9 ! soil und]foot2 9 oxyg51 hydrog51 c>bon1 nitrog51 9 lime1 iron1 silex1 phosphorus1 & 9 all ! re/ ( !m4 ,ea* has its laws1 its ways1 its fix$ mode ( proc$ure1 its aff9ities1 its likes & dislikes1 & life is b\nd up ) all ( !m4 ,if we hypo!size ! e!r to expla9 c]ta9 ph5om5a1 :y %\ld we n hypo!size a vital =ce to acc\nt = o!r my/]ies8 ,! inorganic passes into ! organic z night passes into day4 ,:]e does "o end & ! o!r beg98 ,no man c tell4 ,!re is no beg9n+ & no end+ ( ei!r1 & yet night comes & goes & day comes & goes--a con/ant becom+ & a con/ant end+4 ,we are probably 9 ! midday ( ! life ( ! globe--life huge & rank & riot\s--! y\? ( life has pass$1 life m s$ate & aspir+ & spiritual has come4 ,! gigantic has gone or is go+1 ! huge mon/]s ( ! sea & ( ! l& h _h _! day1 man appe>s at ! end ( ! s]ies ( less] b m complete =ms4 ,_m intellig5t p]sons :o h be5 rock$ 9 ! cradle ( ! old cre$s /ill look ^u evolution z a godless doctr9e & accuse x ( vulg>iz+ high & sacr$ ?+s4 ,?is /ate ( m9d c only be sl[ly outgr[n by famili>iz+ ourselves ) ! processes ( nature or ( ! creative en]gy 9 ! _w ( life & matt] ab\t u2 ) our own orig9 9 ! l[ fi%like or apelike creature 9 ! mat]nal womb2 ) ! developm5t ( e plant1 tree1 & animal f a microscopic g]m2 ) ! unbrok5 sequ5ce ( natural law2 ) ! wa/e1 ! delays1 ! pa9s1 ! failures on e h&2 ) ! imp]sonal & ! imp>tial "* ( all ! physical =ces2 ) ! trans=mations & metamorphoses t m>k$ ! c\rse ( animal life2 &1 above all1 ) ! ?\ght t evolution is n self-caus$ or 9 any true s5se a cause 9 itself1 b ! in/rum5t or plan ( ! p[] t works 9 & ?r\gh all ?+s4 ,! ways ( ,god 9 all ^! details are pa/ f9d+ out1 b sci5ce wat*es ! unfold+ ( a bud1 ! developm5t ( a gra9 ( :eat1 ! gr[? ( ! human embryo1 ! succession ( life-=ms ^u ! globe z reveal$ 9 ! records ( ! /ratifi$ rocks1 or obs]ves 9 ! heav5s ! cond5sation ( nebul\s matt] into suns & sy/ems1 & x says ?is is "o ( 8 ways4 ,evolution--an endless unfold+ & trans=mation4 ,urge & urge & urge1 says ,:itman 7,i love to repeat ?is say+2 x is s significant71 always ! procreant urge ( ! _w4 ,always ! labor & travail pa9s ( ! univ]se to br+ =? high] =ms2 always /ruggle & pa9 & failure & dea?1 b always a new bir? & an upw>d rea*4 ,/rike out ! elem5t ( "t & we see evolution z ! great pre/idigitator ( ! biologic ages4 ,! creative en]gy manipulates a fi% & x turns into a reptile2 x cov]s a mollusk z ) a vapor & behold1 a backbon$ creature in/ead6 ,n[ we see a little creature no l>g] ?an a fox & :5 we look aga91 behold ! horse2 a wolf or "s k9dr$ animal is plung$ into ! wat]1 & behold1 ! seal6 ,"s small creature ( ! lemur k9d is cov]$ ) a capaci\s h&1 & we look aga91 & behold man6 ,we h only to m9imize "t & m9imize space to see ! impossible happ5+ all ab\t u or to see ! ,mosaic acc\nt ( creation repeat$2 we h only ! clay & wat] to beg9 )1 :51 pre/o6 behold :at we h n[6 ,we see ! rocks cov]$ ) v]dure1 ! m\nta9s vani%+ into pla9s1 ! valleys *ang+ into hills or ! pla9s *ang+ into m\nta9s1 tropic l&s cov]$ ) ice & sn[4 ,"l ,salisbury ?\ght he _h discr$it$ natural selection1 :i* is "o ( ! feet ^u :i* evolution goes1 :5 he *>g$ t no "o _h ev] se5 x at "w4 ,we h n se5 x at "w because our little span ( life is too %ort4 ,only ! palaeontologi/ traces 9 ! records ( ! rocks ! foot/eps ( ?is god ( *ange4 ,& r>ely if ev] does he f9d a cont9u\s & complete record--only a footpr9t "h & !re1 b he sees ! direction 9 :i* !y are go+ & _m ( ! places :]e ! travel] t>ri$4 ,! palaeontologi/1 t detective ( ! rocks1 works up 8 case ) ! same ?or\ghness & caution & ! same p[] ( obs]vation z does ! detective 9 human affairs & ) a great] sweep ( sci5tific imag9ation4 ,an ag5t ( evolution is ! influ5ce ( ! environm5t1 b :o sees ! environm5t set its /amp ^u animal life8 ,aft] _m g5]ations we may see ! accumulat$ results4 ,9 a few in/ances ! results are rapid4 ,?us %eep lose _! wool 9 tropical climates & a nor!rn fur-be>+ animal its fur4 ,! well-be+ ( ! animal dem&s ?is *ange1 & dem&s x quickly4 ,fi% lose _! s5se ( sight 9 und]gr\nd /reams2 ?is loss is n s vital & x comes ab\t mu* m sl[ly4 ,a tropical climate sets its /amp ^u ! complexion & "* ( man1 b ?is aga9 is a sl[ process1 z ! same /ress ( necessity does n exi/4 ,9 ! t5d5cy to v>iation--9 =m1 size1 disposition1 p[]1 f]tility--man diff]s f all o!r animals4 ,9 ! same race1 9 ! same family1 we f9d inf9itely v>i$ types4 ,among ! wild creatures all ! individuals ( a species are practically alike4 ,we c h>dly tell "o fox1 or "o m>mot1 or "o *ipmunk1 or "o cr[1 or "o hawk1 or "o black duck f ano!r ( ! same species4 ,( c\rse !re are slight individual diff]5ces1 b !y are h>dly di/+ui%able4 ,among ! insects1 "o bee1 "o beetle1 "o ant1 "o butt]fly seems ! exact copy ( e o!r individual ( its k9d4 ,! law ( v>iation seems practically annull$ 9 ! insect _w4 ,x is ! wide & free range ( ?is law 9 ! human species t has und\bt$ly l$ to ! great progress ( ! race4 ,!re has be5 no dead level--no democracy ( tal5t--no equality ( gifts1 b only equality ( opportunity4 ,m5 diff] f "o ano!r 9 _! m5tal end[m5ts1 capacities1 & dispositions va/ly m ?an d any o!r creatures ^u ! e>?4 ,?is diff]5ce makes man's *ances ( progress s mu* ! great]2 he has s _m m /akes 9 ! game4 ,if "o type ( tal5t fails1 ano!r type may w92 if ! lymphatic temp]am5t is n a success1 try ! sangu9e or ! bili\s2 blue eyes & black eyes & br[n eyes w w9 m triumphs ?an blue or black or br[n alone4 ,arms or legs extra long1 sight or he>+ extra %>p1 wit extra ke51 judgm5t extra sure--all ^! ?+s op5 doors to m progress4 ,v>iation gives natural selection a *ance to take hold1 & :]e ! /ruggle = life is ! mo/ sev]e ! *anges w be ! mo/ rapid & ! mo/ radical4 ,)\t ! pressure ( ! environm5t natural selection w\ld n select4 ,! t5d5cy to physical v>iation 9 man is probably no great] ?an 9 o!r creatures1 b 8 t5d5cy to m5tal v>iation is enorm\s4 ,he v>ies daily f m$iocrity to g5ius1 h5ce ! enorm\s range ( 8 *ances ( progress4 ,f ! fir/ v>iation t />t$ him on 8 way 9 8 l9e ( desc5t1 v>iation mu/ h be5 m & m active till he v>i$ 9 ! direction ( reason1 long be=e ! dawn ( hi/ory1 s9ce :i* "t 8 progress has be5 by rapid /rides--& m & m rapid till we see 8 leaps =w>d 9 rec5t times4 ,! race owes its rapid progress to its exceptional m51 its m5 ( g5ius & p[]1 & ^! h (t5 be5 l sports or ! sudd5 result ( mutations--a man l ,l9coln spr++ f ! humble/ p>5tage4 ,no su* extreme v>iations are se5 9 any ( ! l[] ord]s4 ,inde$1 9 "o's lifetime "o sees b v slight v>iation 9 any ( ! wild or dome/ic creatures1 less 9 ! wild ?an 9 ! dome/ic because !y are less "u ! influ5ce ( t mo/ v>iable ( animals1 man4 ,& man's v>iations are ma9ly m5tal & n physical4 ,! high] we g 9 ! scale ( p[]s1 ! great] ! v>iation & h5ce ! m rapid ! evolution4 ,probably man's body has n *ang$ radically 9 va/ cycles ( "t1 b 8 m9d has develop$ enorm\sly s9ce ! dawn ( hi/ory4 ,,iv ,biologi/s are com+ m & m to recognize "s unkn[n factor 9 evolution1 probably "s unkn[able factor4 ,! f\r factors ( ,osborn--h]$ity1 ontog5y1 environm5t1 selection--play ^u & modify endlessly ! new =m :5 x is />t$1 b :at ab\t ! orig9al />t8 ,:5ce comes ?is inborn mom5tum1 ?is evolution>y s5d-(f8 ,:at or :o set ! :ole gr& process go+8 ,b]gson sees an int]nal psy*ological pr9ciple ( developm5t1 h5ce ! "n ( 8 book1 ,creative ,evolution4 ,osborn uses ! ^w direct$4 ,c]ta9 *>act]s1 he says1 are adaptive or suit$ to _! purpose f ! />t2 !y d n h to be fitt$ to _! place by natural selection4 ,huxley uses ! ^w pr$e/9$--all ! life ( ! globe & all ! />ry ho/s ( heav5 are work+ out 9 b\ndless space & 9 endless "t _! pr$e/9$ c\rse ( evolution4 ,d>w9 mu/ h _h 9 m9d ! same my/]i\s some?+ :5 he said t man _h ris5 to ! v summit ( ! animal scale1 b n ?r\gh 8 own ex]tions4 ,n by 8 own w or ex]tion1 surely1 any m ?an ! embryo 9 its "m's womb develops into ! full-gr[n *ild by its own ex]tion or ?an our temp]am5ts & complexions & /atures are matt]s ( our own wills & *oice4 ,some?+ great] ?an man & be=e him1 to :i* he su/a9s ! relation t ! unborn *ild su/a9s to its "m1 mu/ ent] into our ?\ght ( 8 orig9 & developm5t4 ,! great evolutioni/s h be5 v cauti\s ab\t seek+ to g beh9d evolution & "n ! ,primal ,cause4 ,9 su* an attempt sci5ce w\ld at once be beyond s\nd+s4 ,d>w9 & ,huxley 7 rev]5t1 tru?-lov+ m51 b !y hesitat$ z m5 ( sci5ce to put !mselves 9 a position :]e no /ep c\ld be tak54 ,sl[ly man em]ges out ( ! abyss ( geologic "t into ! dawn ( hi/ory1 & sci5ce gropes ab\t l a man feel+ 8 way 9 ! d>k or1 at mo/1 by ! aid n[ & !n ( a dim fla% ( light1 to trace ! pa? he has come4 ,he has surely arriv$1 & we are1 ,i believe1 safe 9 say+ he has come by ! way ( ! l[] ord]s2 b ! precise =ms ?r\gh :i* he has come1 ! h\ses 9 :i* he has t>ri$ by ! way1 & all ! adv5tures & vicissitudes t befell him on ! j\rney--c we ev] hope to "k ^! ?+s8 ,9 any case1 man has 8 antec$5ts2 life has its antec$5ts2 e beat ( "o's he>t has its antec$5t cause1 :i* aga9 has its antec$5t4 ,we c ?us trav]se ! *a9 ( causation only to f9d x is an endless *a92 ! sep>ate l9ks we c exam9e1 b ! fir/ l9k or ! la/ we see1 by ! v nature ( ?+s1 & ! laws ( our own m9ds1 mu/ =ev] elude u4 ,sci5ce _c admit ( a break 9 ! *a9 ( causation1 _c admit t miracles or ! sup]natural 9 ! old s5se1 z ext]nal & arbitr>y int]f]5ce ) ! natural ord]1 c play or ev] h play$ any "p 9 ?is univ]se4 ,yet sci5ce has to po/ulate a ,fir/ ,cause :5 x kn[s1 or metaphysics kn[s = x1 t ) ! ,inf9ite !re c be no fir/ & no la/1 no beg9n+ & no end+1 only endless succession4 ,to sci5ce man is n a fall5 creature1 b a _m times ris5 creature & all ! good ( ! univ]se c5tres 9 him4 ,! m9d t p]vades all nature & is active 9 plant & animal alike fir/ comes to "k itself & reg>d itself & a*ieve intellectual appreciation 9 man4 ,:ile all nature bel[ man is wise only to its own ends & goes its appo9t$ way z void ( self-consci\sness z ! /one t falls or ! w9d t bl[s1 ! m9d ( man atta9s to dis9t]e/$ wisdom & turns ^u itself & ^u ! univ]se ! p[] ( objective ?\ght2 x alone a*ieves und]/&+4 ,9 our /udies ( life & ( ! univ]se z soon z we beg9 to bridge *asms by an appeal to ! miracul\s1 or to ! extra-natural p[]s1 we are traitors to ! sci5tific _s :i* we seek to s]ve4 ,!re are _m ?+s t sci5ce _c expla94 ,p]haps ,i may say t x _c give ! ultimate explanation ( any?+4 ,x c d little m ?an tell u ( ! action1 ! int]action1 & ! reaction ( ?+s1 b ( ! ?+s !mselves1 _! orig9 & ultimate nature1 or ! s\rce ( ! laws t gov]n !m1 :at does x or :at c x "k8 ,man is ! heir ( all ! geologic ages2 he inh]its ! e>? aft] c\ntless g5]ations ( animals & plants1 & ! b5efic5t =ces ( w9d & ra91 air & sky1 h 9 ! c\rse ( millions ( ye>s prep>$ x = him4 ,8 body has be5 built = him ?r\gh ! lives & /ruggles ( ! c\ntless be+s :o are 9 ! l9e ( 8 long desc5t2 8 m9d is equally an accumulat$ inh]itance ( ! m5tal gr[? ( ! myriads ( ?9k+ m5 & un?9k+ animals t w5t be=e him4 ,9 ! =ms ( 8 humbl] =ebe>s he has himself liv$ & di$ myriads ( times to make ready ! soil t nurses & su/a9s him to-day4 ,he is a debtor to ,cambrian & ,silurian times1 to ! dragons & saurians & ma/odons t h roam$ ov] ! e>?4 ,inde$1 :at is !re or has !re be5 9 ! univ]se t he is n indebt$ to8 ,! remote/ /> t %9es has s5t a ray t has ent]$ into 8 life4 ,all ?+s are "u 8 feet1 & ! keys ( ! heav5s are 9 8 h&s4 ,v ,"o w\ld fa9 arrive at "s concrete belief or image ( 8 l9e ( desc5t 9 geologic "t z he does 9 ! hi/oric p]iod4 ,b h[ h>d x is to d s6 ,c we =m any m5tal picture ( ! actual animal =ms t ! manw>d impulse has travel$ ?r\gh8 ,) all ! light t palaeontology ?r[s ^u ! animal life ( ! pa/1 c we see :]e amid ! revel ( ^! biz>re =ms our ance/or hid himself8 ,c we see him z a reptile 9 ! slime ( ! jungle or 9 ! wat]s ( ! ,mesozoic _w8 ,:at 0 he l or :at ak9 to8 ,:at m>k or sign 0 !re ^u him at t "t ( ! future t 0 be=e him8 ,c we see him z a fi% 9 ! old ,devonian seas or lakes8 ,0 he a big fi% or a little fi%8 ,! primitive fi%es 7 mo/ly ( ! %>k k9d4 ,is !re any connection betwe5 t fact & ! human %>ks ( to-day8 ,mu* less c "o picture to "o's self :at 8 ance/or 0 l 9 ! age ( ! inv]tebrates1 amid ! trilobites1 etc41 ( ! e>li] ,palaeozoic seas4 ,b we mu/ g back ev5 e>li] ?an t1 back to unicellul> life & to orig9al protoplasm1 & f9ally back to fi]y nebul\s matt]4 ,:at c we make ( x all by way ( concrete conception ( :at actually took place--( ! visible1 eat+1 w>r+1 bre$+ animal =ms 9 ^: safekeep+ our h]itage lay8 ,no?+4 ,we are n m]ely at sea1 we are 9 abysmal dep?s1 & ! d>kness is s ?ick we c cut x4 ,we meet ! same difficulty :5 we try to figure to ourselves ! l9e ( desc5t ( any ( ! animal =ms ( to-day4 ,h[ did !y escape ! _w-wild cata/rophe ( e>li] geologic times8 ,or did ! creative impulse bank ^u life z a :ole & nev] become bankrupt1 no matt] :at special l9es or =ms fail$8 ,! fir/ appe>ance ( ! primates is 9 ,eoc5e times & ! an?ropoid apes 9 ! ,mioc5e1 probably five millions ( ye>s ago4 ,! =m :i* may h be5 9 our l9e ( desc5t1 ! ,dryopi!cus1 lat] appe>s to h become ext9ct4 ,did our fate hang ^u ! success ( any ( ^! =ms8 ,! monkeys & an?ropoid apes appe>$ at ! same "t 9 diff]5t c\ntries4 ,nature seems to h be5 mak+ prelim9>y /udies ( man 9 ^! v>i\s =ms1 b :5 & :]e %e hit ^u ! =m t %e p]fect$ 9 man1 :o kn[s8 ,! horse appe>s to h be5 evolv$ 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 true cattle 9 ,asia1 elephants 9 ,africa4 ,c we n>r[ _! l9e ( desc5t d[n to a s+le pair = ea*8 ,_m =ms alli$ to ! horse appe>$ 9 ,europe & ,asia 9 ,mioc5e times4 ,we f9d monkeys 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! _w 9 ! same geologic horizons2 did !y all h a common orig98 ,life's appr5tice%ip has be5 a long "o4 ,! e>li] =ms ( v]tebrate life 7 v l>ge2 lat] !y became v small4 ,nature seems to h exp]im5t$ ) bulk1 z if %e ?\ght size w\ld w9 9 ! race4 ,h5ce ^? huge unc\? =ms among ! reptiles & e>ly mammals4 ,! s*eme did n "w well2 bulk 0 n ! ?+1 aft] all4 ,mo/ ( ! gigantic =ms became ext9ct4 ,!n %e tri$ small] & m agile =ms ) l>g] bra9s--less fle% & m wit4 ,on ?is l9e ,nature cont9u$ to "w till %e produc$ h] ma/]piece 9 man--a r feeble & ne>ly weaponless animal1 b ) an intangible armory ( weapons & tools 9 8 bra9 t enables him to put all creatures "u 8 feet4 ,,xii ,,! ,,haz>ds ,,( ,,! ,,pa/ ,i ,b]gson1 ! new ,fr5* philosoph]1 ?9ks we all _h a n>r[ escape1 back 9 geologic "t1 ( hav+ our eggs spoil$ be=e !y 7 hat*$1 or1 r1 r5d]$ incapable ( hat*+ by too ?ick a %ell4 ,?is 0 ow+ to ! voracity ( ! e>ly organisms4 ,z !y became m & m mobile1 !y began to take on ?ick armors & brea/plates & %ells & calc>e\s sk9s to protect !mselves f "o ano!r4 ,?is t5d5cy result$1 he ?9ks1 9 ! arre/ ( ! entire animal _w 9 its evolution t[>d high] & high] =ms4 ,^! %ells & armors begat a k9d ( torpor & immobility :i* has cont9u$ d[n to our day ) ! e*9od]ms & mollusks1 b ! ar?ropods & v]tebrates escap$ x by "s lucky /roke4 ,n[ y & ,i are "h )\t imprison+ %ells on our backs2 b h[ or :y did we escape8 ,b]gson does n say4 ,0 x a matt] ( luck or *ance8 ,0 !re ev] a "t :5 ! /ream ( life t5d$ to h>d5 & become fix$ 9 its own =ms l a /ream ( cool+ lava1 or has ! innate pla/icity ( life be5 easily equal to its own ends8 ,true1 ! clam rema9s a clam1 & ! />fi% rema9s a />fi%2 "s o!r =ms h c>ri$ ! evolution>y impulse =w>d till x fl[]$ 9 man4 ,0 ?is impulse ev] really *eck$ or endang]$8 ,0 ! gold5 secret ev] intru/$ to ! keep+ ( any s+le =m8 &1 _h t =m be5 cut (f1 w\ld ! e>? h be5 /ill )\t its man8 ,^! are puzzl+ que/ions4 ,?us1 :5 we h come to look ^u life & nature 9 ! light ( evolution1 :at vi/as are op5$ to u :]e be=e 7 only blank walls6 ,! geologic ages take on a new int]e/ to u4 ,we "k t 9 "s =m we 7 ev5 !re4 ,! sy/ems ( s$im5t>y rocks :i* ! geologi/ portrays1 pil$ "o ^u ! o!r to a dep? ( fifty miles or m1 seem l ! /airway by :i* we h asc5d$1 tak+ on "s new & m develop$ =m at ea* rise4 ,:at we 7 at ! fir/ /ep 9 ,cambrian times only ! ,"l kn[s1 b :atev] we 71 we crept up or float$ up to ! next rise4 ,9 ! ,silurian seas we may h be5 a trilobite = aught we "k2 at any rate1 we 7 ! outcome ( ! life impulse t begat ! trilobites1 b our fate 0 n b\nd up ) !irs1 z _! race came to an end 9 ^? e>ly geologic ages1 & our /em =m did n4 ,:e!r or n we 7 a fi% 9 ! ,devonian seas1 !re is little d\bt t we _h gills1 because we h ! gill slits yet 9 our e>ly foetal life1 & x is q c]ta9 t 9 "s way we owe our backbones to ! fi%es4 ,:5 ! rocks t =m my native ,catskills 7 be+ laid d[n 9 ! ,devonian wat]s1 ,i fancy t my aquatic embryo 0 swimm+ ab\t some:]e & sl[ly wax+ /rong4 ,up & up ,i climb$ across ! s&/one /eps1 across ! lime/one1 ! conglom]ate1 ! slate1 up into ,c>bonif]\s times4 ,! upp] & ne!r mill/ones ( ! mill/one grit did n cru% me1 nei!r did ! floods & ! convulsions ( ,c>bonif]\s times t buri$ ! va/ vegetable gr[?s t result$ 9 our coal measures engulf or de/roy me4 ,ab\t t "t probably1 ,i em]g$ f ! wat] & became an amphibian1 & maybe got my five f+]s & five toes on ea* side4 ,nor did ! :olesale de/ruction ( animal life at ! end ( ,palaeozoic "t cut (f my l9e ( desc5t4 ,! mon/r\s reptiles ( ! succe$+ or ,mesozoic age1 ! petrifi$ rema9s ( "o ( :i* 0 rec5tly f\nd 9 ! s&/one rocks ne> ! riv]'s edge "u ! ,palisades ( ! ,hudson1 d n seem to h endang]$ ! gold5 ?read by :i* our fate hung4 ,/ill ,i m\nt & m\nt4 ,! /airs by :i* ,i climb 7 r5t by e>?quakes & volcanoes1 ! /rata 7 squeez$ up & ov]turn$ & fold$ 9 ! great m\nta9-*a9s2 ! ,alps1 ! ,&es1 ! ,himalayas1 ! ,coa/ ,range 7 born2 ! e>?-?roes mu/ h be5 trem5d\s at times2 yet ,i escap$ x all4 ,! huge & fe>ful mammals ( ! ?ird or ,t]ti>y p]iod pass$ me by unh>m$4 ,eruptions & cataclysms1 ! s9k+ ( ! l&1 ! inundations ( ! sea1 _w-wide de=mations ( ! e>?'s cru/1 fire & ice & floods1 mon/]s ( ! deep & dragons ( ! l& & ! air h beset my c\rse f ! fir/1 & yet "h ,i am1 "h we all are1 & app>5tly none ! worse = ! appall+ dang]s we h pass$ ?r\gh4 ,evolution ?us makes ! _w ov] = u4 ,x %[s u 9 :at a complex web ( vital & f>-rea*+ relations we /&4 ,x gives u an outlook ^u ! pa/ t is />tl+1 & 9 "s ways =bidd+1 yet "o t ought to be /imulat+ & inspir+4 ,if we look back ) a %udd] we %\ld look =w>d ) a ?rill4 ,if ! pa/ is t]rible1 ! future is 9 ! same degree *e]+ & invit+4 ,if we came out ( ^? l[ly & grovel+ =ms1 to :at heights ( be+ may we n be c>ri$ by ! impetus t br\ght u ?us f>8 ,9 fact1 to :at heights has x already c>ri$ u6 ,,ii ,t ! haz>ds ( ! pa/1 to _m =ms ( life1 at lea/1 h be5 real & no my?1 is evid5t f ! va/ numb] ( =ms t h be5 cut (f & become ext9ct2 v>i\s causes1 n[ h>d to deciph]1 h work$ toge!r to ! end1 su* z *ang$ geographical conditions1 *anges ( climate1 affect+ ! food-supply1 extreme specialization1 l t ( ! sabre-too!d tig] ^: petrifi$ rema9s h be5 f\nd 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ?is cont95t1 & :o app>5tly 0 f9ally h&icapp$ by 8 huge d5tal sabre4 ,probably _m m species ( animals h become ext9ct ?an h surviv$1 b none ( ^! c\ld h be5 9 ! l9e ( man's desc5t1 else ! human race w\ld n h be5 "h4 ,if ! ,eoc5e prog5itor ( ! horse1 ! little f\r-to$ eohippus1 _h be5 cut (f1 w\ld n ! _w h be5 horseless to-day8 ,! horse 9 ,am]ica became ext9ct1 f "s cause only conjectural1 _m t5s ( ?\s&s ( ye>s ago4 ,_h ! same fate befall5 ! horse 9 ,europe & ,asia1 x seems probable t our civilization w\ld h be5 f> less advanc$ to-day ?an x is4 ,! fate ( e species ( mammal 9 our "t seems to h be5 9 ! keep+ ( a s+le =m 9 e>ly ,t]ti>y times4 ,! end ( ! ,cretace\s or *alk p]iod saw ! ext9ction ( ! giant reptiles bo? ( sea & ( l&1 at ! same "t t x saw ! appe>ance ( a great _m species ( small & inconspicu\s mammals1 among :i* d\btless 7 our own humble =ebe>s4 ,extreme specialization 9 any direction may n>r[ an animal's *ances ( survival2 !y h b "o *ance 9 ! game ( life1 :]eas an animal ) a m g5]aliz$ organization has _m *ances4 ,man is "o ( ! mo/ g5]aliz$ ( animals2 no special tools1 no special weapons--8 h& _m tools & weapons 9 "o4 ,h5ce he is ! mo/ adaptable ( animals2 all climes1 all foods1 all places are 82 he is ma/] ( ! l&1 ( ! sea1 ( ! air4 ,animal life is (t5 curi\sly int]dep5d5t4 ,i ask$ our guide 9 ! ,adirondacks if !re 7 any rav5s !re4 ,n ne>ly z _m z !re us$ to be1 he said1 & 8 explanation ( _! disappe>ance seems ?or\ghly sci5tific2 x 0 t ! wolves & ! pan!rs kept !m 9 meat1 & n[ t ^! animals _h disappe>$1 ! rav5s _h little to fe$ ^u4 ,if ! moose 7 compell$ to graze f (f ! gr\nd1 l a %eep or a c[1 ! species w\ld probably soon become ext9ct4 ,osborn ?9ks x probable t ! huge bea/ call$ titano!re f9ally became ext9ct e>ly 9 ,t]ti>y times ow+ to ! =m ( its tee?1 :i* 7 ( su* a type t !y c\ld n *ange to meet a *ange 9 ! flora ^u :i* ! creature f$4 ,( c\rse we %all nev] "k :at n>r[ escapes our race _h f ext9ction 9 ! remote pa/2 "s =ms h end$ 9 a bl9d alley1 l ! sea-ur*9 & ! oy/]4 ,ar?ropoda h cont9u$ to evolve & h rea*$ _! high-wat] m>k ( intellig5ce 9 bees & ants4 ,! v]tebrates w5t =w>d & h culm9at$ 9 man4 ,b]gson ?9ks t 9 ! v]tebrates intellig5ce has be5 develop$ at ! exp5se ( in/9ct1 & t 9 ! inv]tebrates in/9ct has be5 p]fect$ at ! exp5se ( intellig5ce4 ,are we n compell$ to adopt :at is call$ ! monophyletic hypo!sis1 t is1 t our l9e ( desc5t />t$ f "o pair1 male & female1 some:]e 9 ! va/ /ret* ( geologic or biologic "t1 & to reason t1 _h t pair be5 out ( ! race1 we %\ld n h appe>$8 ,c we n>r[ life to a s+le po9t1 a s+le cell1 9 ! pa/8 ,0 !re "o & only "o fir/ bit ( protoplasm8 ,if we 7 to say t life fir/ appe>$ on ! globe 9 ,cambrian times1 j :at %\ld we mean8 ,t x began z a s+le po9t1 or z _m po9ts8 ,:5 we say t ! primates fir/ appe>$ 9 ,eoc5e times1 d we mean t "o s+le primate appe>$ !n8 ,if s1 :at =m w5t imm$iately be=e him8 ,?is is all a va9 speculation4 ,does man presuppose all ! v]tebrate sub-k+dom8 ,0 he safe z long z "o v]tebrate =m rema9$8 ,are 8 =ebe>s _m1 & n "o pair8 ,c we ?9k ( 8 ance/ry "u ! image ( a tree1 & ( him z "o ( ! _m bran*es8 ,if s1 no?+ b ! de/ruction ( ! tree w\ld h imp]il$ 8 appe>ance1 or ! lopp+ (f ( 8 p>ticul> bran*4 ,probably all su* images are mislead+4 ,we simply _c figure to ourselves ! tangl$ c\rse ( our biological desc5t4 ,if ?w>t+s & accid5ts arid delays c\ld h cut man (f1 h[ c\ld he h escap$8 ,we _c ?9k ( man z "o2 we are compell$ to ?9k ( him z _m2 & yet 9 all our exp]i5ce ! _m come f ! "o1 or ! "o pair4 ,h[ ?ick ! field ( animal life 9 ! pa/ is /rewn ) ext9ct =ms6--z ?ick z ! sid]eal spaces are /rewn ) ! fragm5ts ( wreck$ worlds6 ,b o!r worlds & suns are spun out ( ! wreck$ worlds & suns ?r\gh ! process ( cosmic evolution4 ,! _w-/uff is work$ ov] & ov]4 ,ext9ct animal =ms mu/ h giv5 rise to o!r1 alli$ =ms be=e !y p]i%$1 & ^! to /ill o!rs1 & s on d[n to our "t4 ,! image ( a tree is mislead+ f ! fact t all ! diff]5t bran*es ( ! animal k+dom1 f ! protozoa up to man1 h come along ) :at we call ! high] bran*es1 ! mammals2 ! suck]s h kept pace ) ! ma9 /alk1 s t we h ! image ( a %eaf ( bran*es />t+ f a common orig9 & all ( equal l5g?4 ,man has br\ght on 8 relations along ) him4 ,!re is no glam\r ( romance ov] t pa/4 ,x 0 all h>d1 prosy1 t]rible fact4 ,! e>?'s cru/ 0 less /able ?an n[1 ! upheavals & subsid5ces & e>?quakes m frequ5t1 ! w>r+ ( ! elem5ts m fi]ce & incessant1 deluge & inundation 9 m rapid succession1 & ! riot & excesses ( animal life f> beyond any?+ we "k (4 ,& our l9e ( desc5t 0 tak+ its *ances amid x all4 ,! widespread blott+ out ( life at ! end ( ,palaeozoic "t1 & aga9 at ! end ( ,mesozoic times1 :5 myriads ( =ms 7 cut (f1 probably f "s convulsion ( nature or "s cosmic cata/rophe2 & aga9 dur+ ! ice age1 :5 ! camel1 ! llama1 ! horse1 ! tapir1 ! ma/odon1 ! elephant1 ! giant slo?1 became ext9ct 9 ,nor? ,am]ica--h[ f>$ x ) our ance/or dur+ ^! t]rible ages8 ,!re is no sure trace ( him till late ,t]ti>y times1 & x is probably n m ?an two hundr$ ?\s& ye>s ago t he assum$ ! upright attitude & began to use tools4 ,probably 9 ,europe fifty ?\s& ye>s ago he 0 liv+ 9 caves1 clo!d 9 sk9s1 cont5d+ ) ! cave be> & cave lion1 us+ rude /one implem5ts1 & hunt+ ! hairy ma/odon1 etc4 ,9 ,asia ! probabilities are t he 0 f>!r on ! road t[>d ! dawn ( hi/ory4 ,we may ?9k ( our desc5t 9 ! hi/oric p]iod "u ! image ( ! /ream1 ?\gh ( a /ream _m times delay$ & div]t$1 ev5 _m times dim9i%$ by w>s & plagues & fam9e1 b a /ream ) "s sort ( unity & cont9uity1 s9ce man became man4 ,! /ream ( life is l any o!r /ream 9 ?is respect4 ,div]t or use up "p ( ! wat] ( a /ream1 yet :at is left fl[s on & keeps up ! cont9uity & id5tity ( ! /ream2 dip y\r cup into x "h1 & y w n get precisely ! same wat] y w\ld h got _h none ( x be5 div]t$ or us$ f> back 9 its c\rse--y get ! wat] t 0 all[$ to fl[ by4 ,_h !re be5 no loss ( life by w> & pe/il5ce & accid5ts ( v>i\s k9ds1 ! diff]5t c\ntries w\ld h be5 occupi$ by q o!r m5 & wom5 ?an ^? t fill !m to-day4 ,! c\rse ( life 9 e neighborhood is *ang$ by :at seem l accid5tal causes1 z :5 a family is practically wip$ out by "s accid5t or dread disease4 ,?is br+s new p on ! sc5e4 ,! f>m or ! bus9ess falls into o!r h&s1 & new social relations spr+ up1 new m5 & wom5 are br\ght toge!r or ! old ones driv5 ap>t1 m>riage is ha/5$ or ret>d$1 opportunities = family life are made or unmade1 & few] *ildr51 or m *ildr51 z ! case may be1 are ! result4 ,! issue ( "s battle hundr$s or ?\s&s ( ye>s ago may h play$ a "p 9 y\r life & m9e to-day--o!r races1 o!r individuals ( ! race1 w\ld h be5 ?r[n toge!r _h ! issue be5 diff]5t1 & o!r families />t$1 s t "s "o else w\ld h be5 "h 9 our /ead4 ,b ! "q ( haz>d to ! race ( man 9 geologic "t is q a diff]5t "o4 ,"h our fate seems to hang by a s+le ?read--a gold5 ?read1 we may call x1 b1 9 t t]rible maze ( cla%+ =ces & dev\r+ =ms ( ! va/ geologic p]iods1 h[ liable to be brok56 ,x is n n[ a "q ( ! cont9uity ( a /ream1 b ( ! cont9uity ( a s+le evolution>y process1 or1 z ,haeckel says1 ! cont9uity ( ! morphological *a9 :i* /ret*es f ! lemurs up ?r\gh tail$ & tailless an?ropoid apes to man4 ,if ! evolution>y impulse _h be5 *eck$ or ext+ui%$ 9 ! lemur--t small apelike animal t w5t be=e ! true ape1 ! fossil rema9s ( :i* h be5 f\nd on ?is cont95t & ! survivals ( :i* are n[ f\nd 9 ,madagasc>--w\ld man h appe>$8 ,aga91 if ! race ( lemurs develop$ f a s+le pair1 h[ prec>i\s seems our fate6 ,9 fact1 if any ( ! transitional =ms betwe5 species c be r$uc$ to a s+le pair--z ! =ms t connect ! reptiles ) ! mammals--our fate w\ld seem to be 9 ! keep+ ( ^! =ms4 ,ov] ?is s+le frail bridge :i* escap$ ! floods & ! tornadoes & ! e>?quakes ( ^? t]rible ages we mu/ h pass$4 ,:at risky bus9ess x all seems6 ,0 x luck or law t favor$ u8 ,d\btless1 if we c\ld p5etrate ! my/]y1 we %\ld see t !re 0 no *ance or risk 9 ! matt]4 ,we _c g v f> 9 solv+ ^! great fundam5tal que/ions by apply+ to !m ! te/s ( our own exp]i5ce1 ,numb]less specific =ms become ext9ct1 b ! impulse t begat ! =m does n die out4 ,?us1 all ! giant reptiles di$ out--! d9osaurs1 ! mesosaurs--b ! reptilian impulse /ill survives4 ,h[ _m types ( inv]tebrates h p]i%$6 b ! inv]tebrate impulse /ill goes on4 ,h[ _m species ( mammals h be5 cut (f6 yet ! mammal impulse has /eadily gone =w>d4 ,^! ?+s sugge/ ! wave t moves on b leaves ! wat] beh9d4 ,! v]tebrate impulse began 9 wormlike =ms1 9 ! old ,palaeozoic seas1 & /opp$ n till x culm9at$ 9 man4 ,?is impulse has left _m =ms beh9d x2 b has ?is impulse itself ev] be5 endang]$8 ,if "o looks at ! matt] ?us 9 an ab/ract in/ead ( a concrete way1 ! problem ( our desc5t becomes easi]4 ,:5 we look at ! evolution ( life on a gr& scale1 nature seems to feel h] way1 l a bl9d man1 grop+1 hesitat+1 try+ ?is road & !n t4 ,9 "s cases ! l9e ( evolution seems to end 9 a cul de sac beyond :i* no progress is possible4 ,! =ms ?us corn]$ soon become ext9ct4 ,! my/]y1 ! unacc\ntable ?+1 is ! appe>ance ( new *>act]s4 ,! sl[ modification or trans=mation ( an exi/+ "* may (t5 be trac$2 natural selection1 or ! /ruggle = exi/5ce1 takes x 9 h& & adapts & p]petuates x1 or else elim9ates x4 ,b ! orig9 ( c]ta9 new p>ts or *>act]s--t is ! secret ( ! evolution>y process4 ,?us !re 0 a "t :5 no animal _h horns2 !n horns appe>$4 ,9 ! great quadrup$ kn[n z titano!re1 says ,osborn1 rudim5ts ( horns fir/ arise indep5d5tly at c]ta9 def9ite p>ts ( ! skull2 !y arise at fir/ alike 9 bo? sexes1 or asexually2 !n !y become sexual1 or *iefly *>act]i/ic ( males2 !n !y rapidly evolve 9 ! males :ile be+ arre/$ 9 developm5t 9 ! females2 f9ally1 !y become 9 "s ( ! animals dom9ant *>act]i/ics to :i* all o!rs b5d4 ,nature seems to ?r[ out ^! new *>act]s & !n lets !m take _! *ances 9 ! cla% ( =ces & t5d5cies t g on 9 ! ar5a ( life4 ,if !y s]ve a purpose or are an advantage1 !y rema92 if n1 !y drop out4 ,nature feels h] way4 ,! horns prov$ ( less advantage to ! females ?an to ! males2 !y seem a "p ( ! plus or ov]fl[ ( ! male pr9ciple1 l ! be>d 9 man--! badge ( mascul9ity4 ,! titano!re is traceable back to a hornless animal ! size ( a %eep1 & x end$ 9 a horn$ quadrup$ ne>ly z l>ge z an elephant4 ,x fl\ri%$ 9 ,wyom+ 9 e>ly ,t]ti>y times4 ,nature did n seem to "k :at to d ) horns :5 %e fir/ got !m4 ,%e play$ ) !m l a *ild ) a new toy4 ,?us %e gave two pairs to sev]al species ( mammals1 "o pair on ! nose & "o pair on ! top ( ! skull--c]ta9ly an emb>rassm5t ( weapons4 ,! fir/ horns appe> to h be5 crude1 heavy1 unc\?1 b long be=e we rea* our own geologic era !y appe> 9 v>i\s species ( quadrup$s1 & become graceful & ornam5tal4 ,h[ beautiful !y are 9 _m ( ! ,african antelope tribe6 ,nature's workman%ip ne>ly always improves ) "t1 l t ( man's1 & soon] or lat] takes on an ornam5tal phase4 ,! e>ly unc\?1 biz>re =ms seem to be ! result ( ! excess or surplus ( life4 ,life 9 remote biologic times 0 rank & riot\s1 z x is n[1 9 a measure1 9 tropical l&s4 ,"o reason may be t ! climate ( ! globe dur+ ! middle p]iod1 & well into ! ?ird p]iod1 appe>s to h be5 ( a tropical "*4 ,! climatic & seasonal divisions 7 n at all pron\nc$1 & bo? animal & vegetable life took on gigantic & grotesque =ms4 ,9 ! ugl9ess ( alligator & rh9oc]os & hippopotamus ( our day we get "s h9t ( :at e>ly reptilian & mammalian life 0 l4 ,t ,nature %\ld h turn$ out bett] & bett] h&iwork z ! ages pass$2 t %e ei!r %\ld h improv$ ^u e model or else disc>d$ x2 t %e %\ld h progress$ f ! bird1 half-dragon1 to ! sweet song/]s ( our day & to ! sup]b =ms ( ! air t we "k2 t evolution %\ld h ent]$ ^u a ref9+ & spiritualiz+ phase1 develop+ l>g] bra9s & small] bodies1 is a v significant fact1 & "o q beyond ! range ( ! me*ani/ic conception ( life4 ,our own imm$iate l9e ( desc5t leads d[n ?r\gh ! m9or =ms ( ,t]ti>y & ,mesozoic times--=ms t probably skulk$ & dodg$ ab\t amid ! t]rible & gigantic creatures ( ^? ages z ! small game ( to-day hide & flee f ! pres5ce ( _! ar*-enemy1 man2 & t ! frail l9e ^u :i* ! fate ( ! human race hung %\ld n h be5 sev]$ dur+ ! wild turmoil ( ^? ages is1 to me1 a s\rce ( p]petual wond]4 ,,iii ,! haz>ds ( ! future ( ! race mu/ be q diff]5t f ^? ,i h be5 consid]+4 ,!y are ! haz>ds incid5t to an exceptional be+ ^u ?is e>?--a be+ t takes 8 fate 9 8 own h&s 9 a s5se t no o!r creature does4 ,man has p>tak5 ( ! fruit ( ! ,tree ( ,good & ,evil1 :i* all ! l[] ord]s h escap$4 ,he kn[s1 & kn[s t he kn[s4 ,w ?is k1 ?r\gh ! opposition 9 :i* x places him to elem5tal nature & ! va/ sy/em ( artificial ?+s ) :i* x has enabl$ him to surr\nd himself1 cut %ort 8 hi/ory ^u ?is planet8 ,w ,nature 9 ! end be av5g$ = ! secrets he has =c$ f h]8 ,8 civilization has d\btless made him ! victim ( diseases to :i* ! l[] ord]s1 & ev5 savage man1 are /rang]s4 ,w n ^! diseases increase z 8 life becomes m & m complex & artificial8 ,w he g on ext5d+ 8 ma/]y ov] ,nature & ref9+ or suppress+ 8 natural appetites till 8 orig9al hold ^u life is fatally enfeebl$8 ,x seems z ?\gh sci5ce ought to save man & prolong 8 /ay on ?is planet1--x ought to br+ him natural salvation1 z 8 religion promises him sup]natural salvation4 ,b ( c\rse1 man's fate is b\nd up ) ! fate ( ! planet & ( ! biological tree ( :i* he is "o ( ! %oots4 ,biology is root$ 9 geology4 ,! high] =ms ( life did n arbitr>ily appe>1 !y fl[$ out ( conditions t 7 long 9 matur+2 !y fl[]$ 9 season1 & ! fl[] w fall 9 season4 ,man c\ld n h appe>$ e>li] ?an he did1 nor lat] ?an he did2 he came out ( :at w5t be=e1 & he w g out ) :at comes aft]4 ,8 com+ 0 natural1 & 8 go+ w be natural4 ,8 p]iod _h a beg9n+1 & x w h an end4 ,natural philosophy leads "o to affirm ?is2 b ( "t measur$ by human hi/ory he may yet h a lease ( t5s ( ?\s&s ( ye>s4 ,! haz>d ( ! future is a "q ( bo? a/ronomy & geology4 ,t !re are cosmic dang]s1 ?\gh inf9itely remote1 e a/ronom] kn[s4 ,t !re are collisions betwe5 heav5ly bodies is an indubitable fact1 & if collisions d happ5 to any1 all[ "t en\gh & !y mu/ happ5 to all4 ,t !re are geologic dang]s ?r\gh ! %ift+ & crumpl+ ( ! e>?'s cru/1 e geologi/ kn[s1 ?\gh probably none t c\ld wipe out ! :ole race ( man4 ,! biologic dang]s ( ! pa/ we h outliv$--! dang]s t mu/ h beset a s+le l9e ( desc5t amid ! c>nival ( p[] & ! f]ocity ( ! mon/] reptiles ( ,mesozoic times1 & ! :olesale ext9ction ( species t occurr$ 9 diff]5t geologic p]iods4 ,no?+ b a cosmic cata/rophe1 involv+ ! fate ( ! :ole e>?1 c\ld n[ ext]m9ate ! human race4 ,x is highly improbable t ?is w ev] happ54 ,! race ( man w g out f a sl[1 ins5sible failure1 ?r\gh ! ag+ ( ! planet1 ( ! conditions ( life t br\ght man "h4 ,! evolution>y process ^u a cool+ _w mu/1 aft] ! elapse ( a va/ p]iod ( "t1 lose its impetus & cease4 ,,xiii ,,! ,,gospel ,,( ,,nature ,i ,! o!r day a cl]gyman :o describ$ himself z a prea*] ( ! gospel ( ,*ri/ wrote1 ask+ me to come & talk to 8 p on ! gospel ( ,nature4 ,! reque/ set me to ?9k+ :e!r or n ,nature has any gospel 9 ! s5se ! cl]gyman _h 9 m9d1 any message t is likely to be specially com=t+ to ! av]age or?odox religi\s p]son4 ,i suppose ! p>son wi%$ me to tell 8 flock :at ,i _h f\nd 9 ,nature t 0 a /r5g? or a solace to myself4 ,:at _h all my _m ye>s ( j\rney+s to ,nature yield$ me t w\ld supplem5t or re9=ce ! gospel he 0 prea*+8 ,_h ! birds taught me any valuable lessons8 ,_h ! f\r-foot$ bea/s8 ,_h ! insects8 ,_h ! fl[]s1 ! trees1 ! soil1 ! com+ & ! go+ ( ! seasons8 ,_h ,i really f\nd s]mons 9 /ones1 books 9 runn+ brooks & good 9 ev]y?+8 ,_h ! lilies ( ! field1 t nei!r toil nor sp91 & yet are m royally clad ?an ,solomon 9 all 8 glory1 help$ me 9 any way to clo! myself ) humility1 ) ju/ice1 ) tru?fulness8 ,x is n easy = "o to say j :at he owes to all ^! ?+s4 ,natural influ5ces "w indirectly z well z directly2 !y "w ^u ! subconsci\s1 z well z ^u ! consci\s1 self4 ,t ,i am a san]1 heal?i]1 m cont5t$ man1 ) tru] /&>ds ( life1 = all my loit]+s 9 ! fields & woods1 ,i am fully conv9c$4 ,t ,i am less social1 less int]e/$ 9 my neighbors & 9 ! body politic1 m incl9$ to %irk civic & social responsibilities & to /op my e>s aga9/ ! brawl+ ( ! re=m]s1 is p]haps equally true4 ,"o ?+ is c]ta91 9 a hygi5ic way ,i owe mu* to my excursions to ,nature4 ,!y h help$ to clo! me ) heal?1 if n ) humility2 !y h help$ %>p5 & attune all my s5ses2 !y h kept my eyes 9 su* good trim t !y h n fail$ me = "o mom5t dur+ all ! sev5ty-five ye>s ,i h _h !m2 !y h made my s5se ( smell s ke5 t ,i h mu* pleasure 9 ! wild1 op5-air p]fumes1 especially 9 ! spr+--! delicate brea? ( ! bloom+ elms & maples & will[s1 ! brea? ( ! woods1 ( ! pa/ures1 ( ! %ore4 ,?is ke51 heal?y s5se ( smell has made me abhor tobacco & flee f close rooms1 & put ! /5* ( cities beh9d me4 ,i fancy t ?is :ole _w ( wild1 natural p]fumes is lo/ to ! tobacco-us] & to ! city- dwell]4 ,s5ses tra9$ 9 ! op5 air are 9 tune ) op5-air objects2 !y are quick1 delicate1 & discrim9at+4 ,:5 ,i g to t[n1 my e> suff]s z well z my nose3 ! impact ( ! city ^u my s5ses is h>d & dissonant2 ! e> is /unn$1 ! nose is outrag$1 & ! eye is confus$4 ,:5 ,i come back1 ,i g to ,nature to be soo!d & heal$1 & to h my s5ses put 9 tune once m4 ,i "k t1 z a rule1 c\ntry or f>m+ folk are n rem>kable = ! delicacy ( _! s5ses1 b ?is is ow+ ma9ly to ! b5umb+ & brutaliz+ effect ( cont9u$ h>d labor4 ,x is _! m9ds m ?an _! bodies t suff]4 ,:5 ,i h dwelt 9 cities ! c\ntry 0 always ne> by1 & ,i us$ to get a bite ( c\ntry soil at lea/ once a week to keep my sy/em normal4 ,em]son says t ! day does n seem :olly pr(ane 9 :i* we h giv5 he$ to "s natural object4 ,if ,em]son _h /opp$ to qualify 8 rem>k1 he w\ld h add$1 if we give he$ to x 9 ! "r _s1 if we give he$ to x z a nature-lov] & tru?-seek]4 ,nature love z ,em]son knew x1 & z ,wordswor? knew x1 & z any ( ! *oic] spirits ( our "t h kn[n x1 has di/9ctly a religi\s value4 ,x does n come to a man or a woman :o is :olly absorb$ 9 selfi% or worldly or mat]ial ends4 ,except ye become 9 a measure z little *ildr51 ye _c ent] ! k+dom ( ,nature--z ,audubon ent]$ x1 z ,?oreau ent]$ x1 z ,bryant & ,amiel ent]$ x1 & z all ^? ent] x :o make x a res\rce 9 _! lives & an in/rum5t ( _! culture4 ,! =ms & cre$s ( religion *ange1 b ! s5tim5t ( religion--! wond] & rev]5ce & love we feel 9 ! pres5ce ( ! inscrutable univ]se--p]si/s4 ,inde$1 ^! seem to be r5ew+ _! life to-day 9 ?is gr[+ love = all natural objects & 9 ?is increas+ t5d]ness t[>d all =ms ( life4 ,if we d n g to *ur* s mu* z did our fa!rs1 we g to ! woods mu* m1 & are mu* m incl9$ to make a temple ( !m ?an !y 74 ,we n[ use ! ^w ,nature v mu* z our fa!rs us$ ! ^w ,god1 &1 ,i suppose1 back ( x all we mean ! p[] t is ev]y:]e pres5t & active1 & 9 ^: lap ! visible univ]se is held & n\ri%$4 ,x is a p[] t we c see & t\* & he>1 & realize e mom5t ( our lives h[ absolutely we are dep5d5t ^u x4 ,!re are no a!i/s or skeptics 9 reg>d to ?is p[]4 ,all m5 see h[ lit]ally we are its *ildr51 & all m5 le>n h[ swift & sure is ! p5alty ( disob$i5ce to its comm&s4 ,our associations ) ,nature vulg>ize x & rob x ( its div9ity4 ,:5 we come to see t ! cele/ial & ! t]re/rial are "o1 t "t & et]nity are "o1 t m9d & matt] are "o1 t dea? & life are "o1 t !re is & c be no?+ n inh]5t 9 ,nature1 !n we no long] look = or expect a f>-(f1 unkn[n ,god4 ,nature tea*es m ?an %e prea*es4 ,!re are no s]mons 9 /ones4 ,x is easi] to get a sp>k out ( a /one ?an a moral4 ,ev5 :5 x conta9s a fossil1 x tea*es hi/ory r ?an morals4 ,x comes d[n f ! =e-_w an undige/$ bit t has resi/$ ! too? & maw ( "t1 & c tell y _m ?+s if y h ! eye to read !m4 ,! soil ^u :i* x lies or 9 :i* x is imb$d$ 0 rock1 too1 back 9 geologic "t1 b ! mill t gr\nd x up pass$ ! fragm5t ( /one ?r\gh )\t entirely r$uc+ x4 ,v likely x is made up ( ! m9ute rema9s ( innum]able t9y creatures t liv$ & di$ 9 ! anci5t seas4 ,v likely x 0 torn f its p>5t rock & br\ght to ! place :]e x n[ lies by ! great ice-flood t _m t5s ( ?\s&s ( ye>s ago crept sl[ly b irresi/ibly d[n out ( ! ,nor? ov] ! great] "p ( all ! nor!rn cont95ts4 ,b all ?is appeals to ! intellect1 & conta9s no lesson = ! moral nature4 ,if we are to f9d s]mons 9 /ones1 we are to look = !m 9 ! relations ( ! /ones to o!r ?+s--:5 !y are out ( place1 :5 !y press d[n ! grass or ! fl[]s1 or imp$e ! pl[1 or dull ! scy!1 or usurp ! soil1 or %elt] v]m91 z d old in/itutions & old usages t h _h _! day4 ,a /one t is mu* knock$ ab\t gets its %>p angles worn (f1 z d m54 ,a roll+ /one ga!rs no moss1 :i* is n bad = ! /one1 z moss ha/5s decay4 ,kill+ two birds ) "o /one is a bad say+1 because x rem9ds boys to /one ! birds1 :i* is bad = bo? boys & birds4 ,b ,p :o live 9 glass h\ses %\ld n ?r[ /ones is on ! "r side ( ! acc\nt1 z x disc\rages /one-?r[+ & rem9ds u t we are no bett] ?an our neighbors4 ,! lesson 9 runn+ brooks is t motion is a great purifi] & heal?-produc]4 ,:5 ! brook ceases to run1 x soon /agnates4 ,x keeps 9 t\* ) ! great vital curr5ts :5 x is 9 motion1 & unites ) o!r brooks to help make ! riv]4 ,9 motion x soon leaves all mud & s$im5t beh9d4 ,d n prop] "w & ! ex]cise ( w p[] h ! same effect ^u our lives8 ,! o!r day 9 my walk ,i came ^u a sap-bucket t _h be5 left /&+ by ! maple tree all ! spr+ & summ]4 ,:at a bucketful ( corruption 0 t1 a mixture ( sap & ra9wat] t _h rott$1 & smell$ to heav54 ,mice & birds & insects _h be5 dr[n$ 9 x1 & add$ to its unsavory "*4 ,x 0 a bit ( ,nature cut (f f ! vitaliz+ & purify+ *em- i/ry ( ! :ole4 ,) :at satisfaction ,i empti$ x ^u ! gr\nd :ile ,i held my nose & saw x filt] into ! turf1 :]e ,i knew x 0 dy+ to g & :]e ,i knew e p>ticle ( ! reek+1 fetid fluid w\ld soon be made sweet & :olesome aga9 by ! *emi/ry ( ! soil6 ,,ii ,i am n always 9 sympa?y ) nature-/udy z pursu$ 9 ! s*ools1 z if ?is k+dom c\ld be c>ri$ by assault4 ,su* /udy is too cold1 too special1 too me*anical2 x is likely to rub ! bloom (f ,nature4 ,x lacks s\l & emotion2 x misses ! accessories ( ! op5 air & its exhil>ations1 ! sky1 ! cl\ds1 ! l&scape1 & ! curr5ts ( life t pulse ev]y:]e4 ,i myself h nev] made a dead set at /udy+ ,nature ) note-book & field-glass 9 h&4 ,i h r visit$ ) h]4 ,we h walk$ toge!r or sat d[n toge!r1 & our intimacy gr[s ) ! seasons4 ,:at ,i h le>n$ ab\t h] ways ,i h le>n$ easily1 almo/ unconsci\sly1 :ile fi%+ or camp+ or idl+ ab\t4 ,my desultory habits h _! disadvantages1 no d\bt1 b !y h _! advantages also4 ,a too /r5u\s pursuit defeats itself4 ,9 ! fields & woods m ?an any:]e else all ?+s come to ^? :o wait1 because all ?+s are on ! move1 & are sure soon] or lat] to come y\r way4 ,to absorb a ?+ is bett] ?an to le>n x1 & we absorb :at we enjoy4 ,we le>n ?+s at s*ool1 we absorb !m 9 ! fields & woods & on ! f>m4 ,:5 we look ^u ,nature ) fondness & appreciation %e meets u halfway & takes a deep] hold ^u u ?an :5 /udi\sly conn$4 ,h5ce ,i say ! way ( k ( ,nature is ! way ( love & enjoym5t1 & is m surely f\nd 9 ! op5 air ?an 9 ! s*ool-room or ! laboratory4 ,! o!r day ,i saw a lot ( college girls dissect+ cats & mak+ diagrams ( ! circulation & muscle-atta*m5ts1 & ,i ?\ght x pretty poor bus9ess unless ! girls 7 tak+ a c\rse 9 comp>ative anatomy ) a view to "s occupation 9 life4 ,:at is ! moral & intellectual value ( ?is k9d ( k to ^? girls8 ,biology is1 no d\bt1 a great sci5ce 9 ! h&s ( great m51 b x is n = all4 ,i myself h got along v well )\t x4 ,i am sure ,i c le>n m ( :at ,i want to "k f a kitt5 on my knee ?an f ! c>cass ( a cat 9 ! laboratory4 ,d>w9 sp5t eight ye>s dissect+ b>nacles2 b he 0 ,d>w91 & did n /op at b>nacles1 z ^! college girls are pretty sure to /op at cats4 ,he dissect$ & put toge!r aga9 9 8 m5tal laboratory ! :ole sy/em ( animal life1 & ! up%ot ( 8 "w 0 a trem5d\s ga9 to our und]/&+ ( ! univ]se4 ,i w\ld r see ! girls 9 ! fields & woods /udy+ & enjoy+ liv+ nature1 tra9+ _! eyes to see correctly & _! he>ts to respond intellig5tly4 ,:at is k )\t enjoym5t1 )\t love8 ,x is sympa?y1 appreciation1 emotional exp]i5ce1 :i* ref9e & elevate & brea! into exact k ! brea? ( life4 ,my own int]e/ is 9 liv+ nature z x moves & fl\ri%es ab\t me w9t] & summ]4 ,i "k x is "o ?+ to g =? z a nature-lov]1 & q ano!r to g =? 9 a _s ( cold1 calculat+1 exact sci5ce4 ,i call myself a nature-lov] & n a sci5tific naturali/4 ,all t sci5ce has to tell me is welcome1 is1 inde$1 eag]ly s\ght =4 ,i mu/ "k z well z feel4 ,i am n m]ely cont5t$1 l ,wordswor?'s poet1 to enjoy :at o!rs und]/&4 ,i mu/ und]/& also2 b above all ?+s ,i mu/ enjoy4 ,h[ mu* ( my enjoym5t spr+s f my k ,i d n "k4 ,! joy ( kn[+ is v great2 ! delight ( pick+ up ! ?reads ( mean+ "h & !re1 & foll[+ !m ?r\gh ! maze ( confus+ facts1 ,i "k well4 ,:5 ,i he> ! woodpeck] drumm+ on a dry limb 9 spr+ or ! gr\se drumm+ 9 ! woods1 & "k :at x is all =1 :y1 t k1 ,i suppose1 is "p ( my enjoym5t4 ,! o!r "p is ! associations t ^? s\nds call up z voic+ ! arrival ( spr+3 !y are ! drums t lead ! joy\s procession4 ,to enjoy und]/&+ly1 t1 ,i fancy1 is ! great ?+ to be desir$4 ,:5 ,i see ! l>ge i*neumon-fly1 ,?alessa1 mak+ a loop ov] h] back ) h] long ovipositor & drill+ a hole 9 ! trunk ( a tree1 ,i d n fully appreciate ! spectacle till ,i "k %e is feel+ = ! burr[ ( a tree-bor]1 ,tremex1 ^u ! l>vae ( :i* h] own "y fe$4 ,%e mu/ survey h] t]ritory l an oil-digg] & calculate :]e %e is likely to /rike oil1 :i* 9 h] case is ! burr[ ( h] ho/ ,tremex4 ,!re is a va/ s]ies ( facts 9 natural hi/ory l ?is t are ( little int]e/ until we und]/& !m4 ,!y are l ! outside ( a book :i* may attract u1 b :i* c mean little to u until we h op5$ & p]us$ its pages4 ,! nature-lov] is n look+ = m]e facts1 b = mean+s1 = some?+ he c translate into ! t]ms ( 8 own life4 ,he wants facts1 b significant facts--lum9\s facts t ?r[ light ^u ! ways ( animate & inanimate nature4 ,a bird pick+ up crumbs f my w9d[-sill does n mean mu* to me4 ,x is a pleas+ sight & t\*es a t5d] cord1 b x does n add mu* to my k ( bird-life4 ,b :5 ,i see a bird peck+ & flutt]+ angrily at my w9d[-pane1 z ,i n[ & !n d 9 spr+1 app>5tly "u viol5t pressure to get 91 ,i am witness+ a significant com$y 9 bird-life1 "o t illu/rates ! limits ( animal in/9ct4 ,! bird takes its own reflect$ image 9 ! glass = a hat$ rival1 & is b5t on demoli%+ x4 ,let ! assault+ bird get a glimpse ( ! inside ( ! empty room ?r\gh a brok5 pane1 & x is none ! wis]2 x returns to ! assault z vigor\sly z ev]4 ,! fossils 9 ! rocks did n mean mu* to ! e>li] geologi/s4 ,!y look$ ^u !m z freaks ( ,nature1 :ims ( ! creative en]gy1 or ve/iges ( ,noah's flood4 ,y see !y 7 bl9d$ by ! preconceiv$ notions ( ! six-day !ory ( creation4 ,,iii ,i d n "k t ! bird has taught me any valuable lesson4 ,inde$1 ,i d n g to ,nature to be taught4 ,i g = enjoym5t & companion%ip4 ,i g to ba! 9 h] z 9 a sea2 ,i g to give my eyes & e>s & all my s5ses a free1 clean field & to tone up my spirits by h] primal sanities4 ,if ! bird has n prea*$ to me1 x has add$ to ! res\rces ( my life1 x has wid5$ ! field ( my int]e/s1 x has af=d$ me ano!r beautiful object to love1 & has help$ make me feel m at home 9 ?is _w4 ,to take ! birds out ( my life w\ld be l lopp+ (f s _m bran*es f ! tree3 !re is s mu* less surface ( leafage to absorb ! sunlight & br+ my spirits 9 contact ) ! vital curr5ts4 ,we _c pursue any natural /udy ) love & en?usiasm )\t ! object ( x becom+ a "p ( our lives4 ,! birds1 ! fl[]s1 ! trees1 ! rocks1 all become l9k$ ) our lives & hold ! key to our ?\ghts & emotions4 ,n till ! bird becomes a "p ( y\r life c its com+ & its go+ mean mu* to y4 ,& x becomes a "p ( y\r life :5 y h tak5 he$ ( x ) int]e/ & affection1 :5 y h e/abli%$ associations ) x1 :5 x voices ! spr+ or ! summ] to y1 :5 x calls up ! _s ( ! woods or ! fields or ! %ore4 ,:5 ye> aft] ye> y h he>d ! ve]y 9 ! bee* & bir* woods along ! tr\t /reams1 or ! wood ?ru% ,may aft] ,may 9 ! groves :]e y h walk$ or sat1 & ! bobol9k summ] aft] summ] 9 ! home mead[s1 or ! vesp] sp>r[ 9 ! upl& pa/ures :]e y h loit]$ z a boy or mus$ z a man1 ^! birds w really be wov5 into ! texture ( y\r life4 ,:at lessons ! birds h taught me ,i _c recall2 :at a joy !y h be5 to me ,i "k well4 ,9 a new place1 amid /range sc5es1 !irs are ! voices & ! faces ( old fri5ds4 ,9 ,b]muda ! bluebirds & ! catbirds & ! c>d9als seem$ to make ,am]ican t]ritory ( x4 ,our birds _h annex$ ! isl& despite ! ,briti%]s4 ,= _m ye>s ,i h 9 late ,april se5 ! r$-poll w>bl]1 p]haps = only a s+le day1 flitt+ ab\t z ,i walk$ or work$4 ,x is usually my fir/ w>bl]1 & my associations ) x are v pleas+4 ,b ,i really did n "k h[ pleas+ until1 "o ,m>* day1 :5 ,i 0 convalesc+ f a s]i\s illness 9 "o ( our sea-coa/ t[ns1 ,i *anc$ to spy ! little travel] 9 a vacant lot along ! /reet1 n[ ^u ! gr\nd1 n[ ^u a bu%1 n]v\s & hurri$ z usual1 utt]+ its %>p *ip1 & %[+ ! :ite 9 its tail4 ,! sight gave me a real home feel+4 ,x did me m good ?an ! m$ic9e ,i 0 tak+4 ,x in/antly made a liv+ l9k ) _m pa/ spr+s4 ,any?+ t calls up a happy pa/1 h[ x w>ms ! pres5t6 ,!re1 too1 t same day ,i saw my fir/ mead[l>k ( ! season 9 a vacant lot1 fla%+ out ! :ite quills 9 h] tail1 & walk+ ov] ! turf 9 ! old1 erect1 al]t mann]4 ,! sight 0 z good z a lett] f home1 & bett]3 x _h a flavor ( ! wild & ( my boyhood days on ! old f>m t no lett] c\ld ev] h4 ,! spr+ birds always awak5 a ?rill :]ev] ,i am4 ,! fir/ bobol9k ,i he> fly+ ov] nor?w>d & bur/+ out 9 song n[ & !n1 full ( anticipation ( ^? broad mead[s :]e he w soon be ) 8 mate2 or ! fir/ swall[ twitt]+ joy\sly ov]head1 borne on a w>m s\!rn breeze2 or ! fir/ high-hole s\nd+ out 8 long1 it]at$ call f ! or*>d or field--h[ all ^! ?+s s5d a wave ( emotion ov] me6 ,pleasures ( ano!r k9d are to f9d a new bird1 & to see an old bird 9 a new place1 z ,i did rec5tly 9 ! old sug>-bu% :]e ,i us$ to help ga!r & boil sap z a boy4 ,x 0 ! logcock1 or pileat$ woodpeck]1 a r>e bird any:]e1 & "o ,i _h nev] se5 be=e on ! old f>m4 ,i he>d 8 l\d cackle 9 a maple tree1 saw him flit f bran* to bran* = a few mom5ts1 & !n laun* out & fly t[>d a di/ant wood4 ,b he left an impression ) me t ,i %\ld be sorry to h miss$4 ,nature /imulates our ae/hetic & our intellectual life & to a c]ta9 ext5t our religi\s emotions1 b ,i fe> we _c f9d mu* support = our e?ical sy/em 9 ! ways ( wild ,nature4 ,i "k our arti/ naturali/1 ,erne/ ,?ompson ,seton1 claims to f9d :at we may call ! biological value ( ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts 9 ! lives ( ! wild animals2 b ,i _c make 8 reason+ hold wat]1 at lea/ n mu* ( x4 ,( c\rse ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts are n arbitr>y laws4 ,!y are l>gely f\nd$ ^u ! ne$s ( ! social organism2 b :e!r !y h ! same f\ndation 9 ! ne$s ( animal life ap>t f man1 ap>t f ! _w ( moral obligation1 is ano!r "q4 ,! animals are nei!r moral nor immoral3 !y are unmoral2 _! ne$s are all physical4 ,x is true t ! comm& aga9/ murd] is pretty well kept by ! high] animals4 ,!y r>ely kill _! own k9d3 hawks d n prey ^u hawks1 nor foxes prey ^u foxes1 nor weasels ^u weasels2 b l[] d[n ?is does n hold4 ,tr\t eat tr\t1 & pick]el eat pick]el1 & among ! insects "y spid]s eat "o ano!r1 & ! female spid] eats h] mate1 if %e c get him4 ,!re is b little1 if any1 neighborly love among ev5 ! high] animals4 ,!y treat "o ano!r z rivals1 or associate = mutual protection4 ,"o c[ w lick & comb ano!r 9 ! mo/ affectionate mann]1 & ! next mom5t savagely gore h]4 ,hate & cruelty = ! mo/ "p rule 9 ! animal _w4 ,a few ( ! high] animals are monogam\s1 b by f> ! great] numb] ( species are polygam\s or promiscu\s4 ,!re is no mat+ or pair+ 9 ! great bov9e tribe1 & none among ! rod5ts t ,i "k (1 or among ! be> family1 or ! cat family1 or among ! seals4 ,:5 we come to ! birds1 we f9d mat+1 & occasional pair+ = life1 z ) ! o/ri* & p]haps ! eagle4 ,z = ! rights ( prop]ty among ! animals1 ,i d n see h[ we c "k j h[ f> ^? rights are respect$ among individuals ( ! same species4 ,we "k t bees w rob bees1 & t ants w rob ants2 b :e!r or n "o *ipmunk or "o fly+ squirrel or "o wood m\se w plund] ! /ores ( ano!r ,i d n "k4 ,probably n1 z ! own] ( su* /ores is usually on h& to protect !m4 ,moreov]1 ^! provid5t little creatures all lay up /ores 9 ! autumn1 be=e ! season ( sc>city sets 91 & s h no ne$ to plund] "o ano!r4 ,9 case ! /ores ( "o squirrel 7 de/roy$ by "s means1 & x 7 able to dispossess ano!r ( its ho>d1 w\ld x n 9 t case be a survival ( ! fitte/1 & s conducive to ! well-be+ ( ! race ( squirrels8 ,i h nev] kn[n any ( our wild birds to /eal ! ne/+-mat]ial ( ano!r bird ( ! same k9d1 b ,i h kn[n birds to try to c>ry (f ! mat]ial belong+ to o!r species4 ,b usually ! rule ( might is ! rule ( "r among ! animals4 ,z to mo/ ( ! o!r comm&m5ts1--( covet+1 ( be>+ false witness1 ( honor+ ! fa!r & ! "m1 & s =?1--h[ c ^! apply to ! animals or h any biological value to !m8 ,p>5tal ob$i5ce among !m is n a v def9ite ?+4 ,!re is nei!r ob$i5ce nor disob$i5ce1 because !re are no comm&s4 ,! al>m-cries ( ! p>5ts are quickly und]/ood by ! "y1 & _! actions imitat$ 9 ! pres5ce ( dang]1 all ( :i* ( c\rse has a biological value4 ,! in/ances :i* ,mr4 ,seton cites ( animals flee+ to man = protection f _! enemies prove to my m9d only h[ ! great] fe> drives out ! less]4 ,! hotly pursu$ animal sees a possible cov] 9 a gr\p ( m5 & horses or 9 an unoccupi$ h\se1 & ru%es !re to hide4 ,:at else c\ld ! act mean8 ,s a hunt$ de] or %eep w leap f a precipice :i*1 "u ord9>y circum/ances1 x w\ld avoid4 ,s w\ld a man4 ,fe> makes bold 9 su* cases4 ,i c]ta9ly h f\nd good 9 ev]y?+1--9 all natural processes & products1--n ! good ( ! ,sunday-s*ool books1 b ! good ( natural law & ord]1 ! good ( t sy/em ( ?+s out ( :i* we came & :i* is ! s\rce ( our heal? & /r5g?4 ,x is good t fire %\ld burn1 ev5 if x consumes y\r h\se2 x is good t =ce %\ld cru%1 ev5 if x cru%es y2 x is good t ra9 %\ld fall1 ev5 if x de/roys y\r crops or floods y\r l&4 ,plagues & pe/il5ces atte/ ! con/ancy ( natural law4 ,!y set u to clean+ our /reets & h\ses & to readju/+ our relations to outw>d nature4 ,only 9 a live univ]se c\ld disease & dea? prevail4 ,dea? is a phase ( life1 a r$i/ribut+ ( ! type4 ,decay is ano!r k9d ( gr[?4 ,yes1 good 9 ev]y?+1 because law 9 ev]y?+1 tru? 9 ev]y?+1 ! sequ5ce ( cause & effect 9 ev]y?+1 & x may all be good to me if on ! "r pr9ciples ,i relate my life to x4 ,i c make ! heat & ! cold s]ve me1 ! w9ds & ! floods1 gravity & all ! *emical & dynamical =ces1 s]ve me1 if ,i take hold ( !m by ! "r h&le4 ,! bad 9 ?+s arises f our abuse or misuse ( !m or f our wrong relations to !m4 ,a ?+ is good or bad accord+ z x /&s relat$ to my con/itution4 ,we say ! ord] ( nature is rational2 b is x n because our reason is ! outcome ( t ord]8 ,our well-be+ consi/s 9 le>n+ x & 9 adju/+ our lives to x4 ,:5 we cross x or seek to contrav5e x1 we are de/roy$4 ,b ,nature 9 h] univ]sal proc$ures is n rational1 z ,i am rational :5 ,i we$ my g>d51 prune my trees1 select my se$ or my /ock1 or arm myself ) tools or weapons4 ,9 su* matt]s ,i take a %ort cut to t :i* ,nature rea*es by a sl[1 r\ndab\t1 & wa/eful process4 ,h[ does %e we$ h] g>d58 ,by ! survival ( ! fitte/4 ,h[ does %e select h] bre$+-/ock8 ,by ! law ( battle2 ! /ronge/ rules4 ,h]s1 ,i repeat1 is a sl[ & wa/eful process4 ,%e f]tilizes ! soil by pl[+ 9 ! crop4 ,%e _c take a %ort cut4 ,%e assorts & arranges h] goods by ! law ( ! w9ds & ! tides4 ,%e builds up ) "o h& & pulls d[n ) ! o!r4 ,man *anges ! conditions to suit ! ?+s4 ,nature *anges ! ?+s to suit ! conditions4 ,%e adapts ! plant or ! animal to its environm5t4 ,%e does n dra9 h] m>%es2 %e fills !m up4 ,h]s is ! l>g] reason--! reason ( ! ,all4 ,man's reason introduces a new me?od2 x cuts across1 modifies1 or abridges ! ord] ( ,nature4 ,i d n see design 9 ,nature 9 ! old ideological s5se2 b ,i see ev]y?+ work+ to its own prop] end1 & t end is =etold 9 ! means4 ,?+s are n design$2 ?+s are begott54 ,x is z if ! f9al plan ( a man's h\se1 aft] he _h begun to build x1 %\ld be det]m9$ by ! w9ds & ! ra9s & ! %ape ( ! gr\nd ^u :i* x /&s4 ,! eye is begott5 by ^? vibrations 9 ! e!r call$ light1 ! e> by ^? vibrations 9 ! air call$ s\nd1 ! s5se ( smell by ^? emanations call$ odors4 ,!re are probably o!r vibrations & emanations t we h no s5ses = because our well-be+ does n dem& !m4 ,we ?9k x reasonable t a /one %\ld fall & t smoke %\ld rise because we h nev] kn[n ei!r ( !m to d ! contr>y4 ,we ?9k x reasonable t fire %\ld burn & t fro/ %\ld freeze1 because ?is accords ) univ]sal exp]i5ce4 ,?us1 !re is a l>ge ord] ( facts t are reasonable because !y are inv>iable3 ! same effect always foll[s ! same cause4 ,our reason is develop$ & discipl9$ by obs]v+ ! ord] ( ,nature2 & yet human rationality is ( ano!r ord] f ! rationality ( ,nature4 ,man le>ns f ,nature h[ to ma/] & control h]4 ,he turns h] curr5ts into new *annels2 he spurs h] 9 directions ( 8 own4 ,nature has no economic or sci5tific rationality4 ,%e progresses by ! me?od ( trial & error4 ,h] advance is symboliz$ by t ( ! *ild le>n+ to walk4 ,%e exp]im5ts endlessly4 ,evolution has work$ all ar\nd ! horizon4 ,9 feel+ h] way to man %e has produc$ ?\s&s ( o!r =ms ( life4 ,! globe is peopl$ z x is because ! creative en]gy 0 bl9d & did n at once f9d ! s+le /raight road to man4 ,_h ! law ( v>iation work$ only 9 "o direction1 man might h f\nd himself ! sole occupant ( ! univ]se4 ,behold ! v>ieties ( trees1 ( %rubs1 ( grasses1 ( birds1 ( insects1 because ,nature does n "w z man does1 ) an eye s+le to "o p>ticul> end4 ,%e scatt]s1 %e s[s h] se$ ^u ! w9d1 %e commits h] g]ms to ! waves & ! floods4 ,nature is indiff]5t to wa/e1 because :at goes out ( "o pocket goes into ano!r4 ,%e is indiff]5t to failure1 because failure on "o l9e means success on "s o!r4 ,,iv ,b ,i am n prea*+ mu* ( a gospel1 am ,i8 ,only ! gospel ( cont5tm5t1 ( appreciation1 ( he$+ simple ne>-by ?+s--a gospel ! burd5 ( :i* /ill is love1 b love t goes h& 9 h& ) und]/&+4 ,!re is s mu* 9 ,nature t is lovely & lovable1 & s mu* t gives u pause4 ,b "h x is1 & "h we are1 & we mu/ make ! mo/ ( x4 ,if ! ways ( ! ,et]nal z reveal$ 9 8 works are pa/ f9d+ out1 we mu/ /ill unfl9*+ly face :at our reason reveals to u4 ,r$ 9 too? & claw4 ,nature does n prea*2 %e en=ces1 %e executes4 ,all h] answ]s are yea1 yea1 or nay1 nay4 ,( ! virtues & beatitudes ( :i* ! gospel ( ,*ri/ makes s mu*--meekness1 =giv5ess1 self-d5ial1 *>ity1 love1 hol9ess--%e kn[s no?+4 ,put y\rself 9 h] way1 & %e cru%es y2 %e burns y1 freezes y1 /+s y1 bites y1 or dev\rs y4 ,yet ,i w\ld n say t ! /udy ( ,nature did n favor meekness or sobriety or g5tl5ess or =giv5ess or *>ity1 because ! great ,nature /ud5ts & prophets1 l ,d>w91 w\ld rise up & conf\nd me4 ,c]ta9ly x favors s]i\sness1 tru?fulness1 & simplicity ( life2 or1 are only ! s]i\s & s+le-m9d$ drawn to ! /udy ( ,nature8 ,i d\bt v mu* if x favors dev\tness or hol9ess1 z ^? qualities are inculcat$ by ! *ur*1 or any =m ( religi\s en?usiasm4 ,dev\tness & hol9ess come ( an attitude t[>d ! univ]se t is 9 _m ways incompatible ) t impli$ by ! pursuit ( natural sci5ce4 ,! joy ( ! ,nature /ud5t l ,d>w9 or any great naturali/ is to "k1 to f9d out ! reason ( ?+s & ! mean+ ( ?+s1 to trace ! foot/eps ( ! creative en]gy2 :ile ! religi\s devotee is int5t only ^u los+ himself 9 inf9ite be+4 ,true1 !re h be5 dev\t naturali/s & m5 ( sci5ce2 b _! dev\tness did n date f _! ,nature /udies1 b f _! tra9+1 or f ! times 9 :i* !y liv$4 ,!ology & sci5ce1 x mu/ be said1 w n m+le mu* bett] ?an oil & wat]1 & y\r dev\t sci5ti/ & dev\t ,nature /ud5t lives 9 two sep>ate comp>tm5ts ( 8 be+ at diff]5t times4 ,int]c\rse ) ,nature--,i mean intellectual int]c\rse1 n m]ely ! emotional int]c\rse ( ! sailor or explor] or f>m]--t5ds to beget a habit ( m9d ! f>!/ possible remov$ f ! my?-mak+1 ! vision-see+1 ! voice-he>+ habit & temp]4 ,9 all matt]s relat+ to ! visible1 concrete univ]se x sub/itutes broad daylight = twilight2 x supplants fe> ) curiosity2 x ov]?r[s sup]/ition ) fact2 x blights cr$ulity ) ! fro/ ( skepticism4 ,i say fro/ ( skepticism advis$ly4 ,skepticism is a mu* m heal?ful & robu/ habit ( m9d ?an ! limp1 pale-blood$1 non-resi/+ habit t we call cr$ulity4 ,9 int]c\rse ) ,nature y are deal+ ) ?+s at fir/ h&1 & y get a rule1 a /&>d1 t s]ves y ?r\gh life4 ,y are deal+ ) primal sanities1 primal hone/ies1 primal attraction2 y are t\*+ at lea/ ! hem ( ! g>m5t ) :i* ! inf9ite is clo!d1 & virtue goes out f x to y4 ,x mu/ be add$ t y are deal+ ) primal cruelty1 primal bl9dness1 primal wa/efulness1 also4 ,nature works ) ref]5ce to no measure ( "t1 no b\nds ( space1 & no limits ( mat]ial4 ,h] economies are n our economies4 ,%e is prodigal1 %e is c>eless1 %e is indiff]5t2 yet no?+ is lo/4 ,:at %e lavi%es ) "o h&1 %e ga!rs 9 ) ! o!r4 ,%e is bl9d1 yet %e hits ! m>k because %e %oots 9 all directions4 ,h] g]ms fill ! air2 ! w9ds & ! tides are h] c\ri]s4 ,:5 y ?9k y h defeat$ h]1 y\r triumph is h]s2 x is /ill by h] laws t y rea* y\r end4 ,we make ready our g>d5 9 a season1 & plant our se$s & hoe our crops by "s sort ( sy/em4 ,c any "o tell h[ _m hundr$s ( millions ( ye>s ,nature has be5 mak+ ready h] g>d5 & plant+ h] se$s8 ,!re c be little d\bt1 ,i ?9k1 b t int]c\rse ) ,nature & a k ( h] ways t5ds to simplicity ( life4 ,we come m & m to see ?r\gh ! follies & vanities ( ! _w & to appreciate ! real values4 ,we load ourselves up ) s _m false burd5s1 our complex civilization bre$s 9 u s _m false or artificial wants1 t we become sep>at$ f ! real s\rces ( our /r5g? & heal? z by a gulf4 ,= my "p1 z ,i gr[ old] ,i am m & m incl9$ to r$uce my baggage1 to lop (f sup]fluities4 ,i become m & m 9 love ) simple ?+s & simple folk--a small h\se1 a hut 9 ! woods1 a t5t on ! %ore4 ,! %[ & spl5dor ( great h\ses1 elaborate furni%+s1 /ately halls1 oppress me1 impose ^u me4 ,!y fix ! att5tion ^u false values1 !y set up a false /&>d ( beauty2 !y /& betwe5 me & ! real fe$]s ( "* & ?\ght4 ,a man ne$s a good ro( ov] 8 head w9t] & summ]1 & a good *imney & a big wood-pile 9 w9t]4 ,! m op5 8 f\r walls are1 ! m fre% air he w get1 & ! long] he w live4 ,h[ ! contemplation ( ,nature z a :ole does take ! conceit out ( u6 ,h[ we dw9dle to m]e specks & our little lives to ! span ( a mom5t 9 ! pres5ce ( ! cosmic bodies & ! int]/ell> spaces6 ,h[ we hurry6 ,h[ we husb& our "t6 ,a ye>1 a mon?1 a day1 an h\r may mean s mu* to u4 ,behold ! inf9ite leisure ( ,nature6 ,a few trillions or quadrillions ( ye>s1 :at matt]s x to ! ,et]nal8 ,jupit] & ,saturn mu/ be billions ( ye>s old] ?an ! e>?4 ,!y are evid5tly yet pass+ ?r\gh t condition ( cl\d & vapor & heat t ! e>? pass$ ?r\gh untold aeons ago1 & !y w n rea* ! /age ( life till aeons to come4 ,b :at matt]s x8 ,only man hurries4 ,only ! ,et]nal has inf9ite "t4 ,:5 life comes to ,jupit]1 ! e>? w d\btless long h be5 a dead _w4 ,x may cont9ue a dead _w = aeons long] be=e x is melt$ up 9 ! et]nal crucible & reca/1 & set on its c>e] ( life aga94 ,famili>ity ) ! ways ( ! ,et]nal z !y are reveal$ 9 ! physical univ]se c]ta9ly t5ds to keep a man sane & sob] & safegu>ds him aga9/ ! vag>ies & half-tru?s :i* our cre$s & indoor artificial lives t5d to bre$4 ,%ut away f ,nature1 or only /udy+ h] ?r\gh religi\s fe>s & sup]/itions1 :at a mess a l>ge body ( mank9d 9 all ages h made ( x6 ,?9k ( ! obsession ( ! spe$y end ( ! _w :i* has s (t5 tak5 possession ( :ole communities1 z if a _w t has be5 an et]nity 9 =m+ c\ld end 9 a day1 or on ! /rik+ ( ! clock6 ,x is n _m ye>s s9ce a college pr(essor publi%$ a book figur+ out1 f "s old hi/orical docum5ts & pr$ictions1 j ! ye> 9 :i* ! great mundane %[ w\ld break up4 ,:5 ,i 0 a small boy at s*ool 9 ! e>ly =ties1 dur+ ! ,mill]ite excitem5t ab\t ! approa*+ end ( all mundane ?+s1 ,i rememb]1 on ! day :5 ! mom5t\s ev5t 0 expect$ to take place1 h[ ! l>g] s*ool-girls 7 ?r[n into a great /ate ( al>m & agitation by a ?und]cl\d t let d[n a curta9 ( ra91 blott+ out ! m\nta9 on ! opposite side ( ! valley4 ,!re x comes6 !y said1 & _! te>s fl[$ copi\sly4 ,i rememb] t ,i did n %>e _! fe>s1 b wat*$ ! cl\d1 curi\s z to :at ! end ( ! _w w\ld be l4 ,i _c brag1 z ,?oreau did1 :5 he said he w\ld n g ar\nd ! corn] to see ! _w bl[ up4 ,i am q sure my curiosity w\ld get ! bett] ( me & t ,i %\ld g1 ev5 at ?is late day4 ,or ?9k ( ! m h>mless obsession ( _m good p ab\t ! second com+ ( ,*ri/1 or ab\t ! resurrection ( ! physical body :5 ! la/ trumpet %all s\nd4 ,a little natural k ought to be fatal to all su* notions4 ,natural k %[s u h[ transi5t & insignificant we are1 & h[ va/ & ev]la/+ ! _w is1 :i* 0 aeons be=e we 71 & w be o!r aeons aft] we are gone1 yea1 aft] ! :ole race ( man is gone4 ,natural k takes ! conceit out ( u1 & is ! sure antidote to all our petty an?ropomorphic views ( ! univ]se4 ,v ,i 0 /ruck by ?is passage 9 "o ( ! rec5tly publi%$ lett]s ( ,sa9t-,gaud5s3 ,! pr9cipal ?\ght 9 my life is t we are on a planet go+ no "o kn[s :]e1 probably to some?+ high] 7on ! ,d>w9ian pr9ciple ( evolution72 t1 :atev] x is1 ! passage is t]ribly sad & tragic1 & to be> up at times aga9/ :at seems to be ! ,great ,p[] t is ov] u1 ! practice ( love1 *>ity1 & c\rage are ! great ?+s4 ,! ,great ,p[] t is ov] u does seem unm9dful ( u z individuals1 if x does n seem positively aga9/ u1 z ,sa9t-,gaud5s seem$ to ?9k x 04 ,surely ! ways ( ! ,et]nal are n z our ways4 ,our /&>ds ( prud5ce1 ( economy1 ( usefulness1 ( wa/e1 ( delay1 ( failure--h[ f> (f !y seem f ! scale ^u :i* ! univ]se is manag$ or deports itself6 ,if ! e>? %\ld be bl[n to pieces to-day1 & all life in/antly blott$ out1 w\ld x n be j l :at we "k ( ! cosmic prodigality & indiff]5ce8 ,su* appall+ disreg>d ( all human motives & ends bewild]s u4 ,( all ! planets ( our sy/em probably only two or ?ree are 9 a condition to su/a9 life4 ,m]cury1 ! y\nge/ ( !m all1 is d\btless a dead _w1 ) absolute z]o on "o side & a furnace temp]ature on ! o!r4 ,b :at matt]s x8 ,^: loss or ga9 is x8 ,life seems only an incid5t 9 ! univ]se1 evid5tly n an end4 ,x appe>s or x does n appe>1 & :o %all say yea or nay8 ,! a/]oids at "o "t no d\bt =m$ a planet betwe5 ,m>s & ,jupit]4 ,"s =ce :i* no adjective c describe or qualify blew x into fragm5ts1 & !re1 9 its /ead1 is ?is sw>m ( huge rocks mak+ _! useless r\nds 9 ! light ( ! sun =ev] & ev]4 ,:at matt]s x to ! prodigal ,all8 ,bodies l>g] ?an our sun collide 9 ! dep?s ( space be=e our eyes ) results s t]rific t words _c ev5 h9t !m4 ,! la/ ( ^! collisions--( ?is wreck ( matt] & cru% ( worlds--report$ itself to our planet 9 ,febru>y1 #aija1 :5 a /> ( ! twelf? magnitude sudd5ly blaz$ out z a /> ( ! fir/ magnitude & !n sl[ly fad$4 ,x 0 ! gr& f9ale ( ! indep5d5t exi/5ce ( two enorm\s cele/ial bodies4 ,!y app>5tly end$ 9 du/ t :irl$ away 9 ! va/ abyss ( sid]ial space1 bl[n by ! w9ds ^u :i* suns & sy/ems drift z autumn leaves4 ,x w\ld be q 9 keep+ ) ! obs]v$ ways ( ! ,et]nal1 if ^! bodies _h _h worlds 9 _! tra91 teem+ ) life1 :i* met ! same fate z ! c5tral collid+ bodies4 ,does n =ce z we "k x 9 ?is _w g its own way ) ! same disreg>d ( ! preci\s ?+ we call life8 ,su* long & pati5t prep>ations = x1--app>5tly ! :ole /ell> sy/em 9 labor pa9s to br+ x =?1--& yet held s *eaply & indiff]5tly 9 ! end6 ,! small insect t j n[ alight$ 9 front ( my jack-plane z ,i 0 dress+ a timb]1 & 0 r$uc$ to a fa9t yell[ /a9 ^u ! wood1 is typical ( ! fate ( man be=e ! unreg>d+ & unsw]v+ t]re/rial & cele/ial =ces4 ,! great :eels g r\nd j ! same :e!r !y are cru%+ ! man or cru%+ ! corn = 8 bread4 ,x is all "o to ! ,et]nal4 ,flood1 fire1 w9d1 gravity1 are = u or aga9/ u indiff]5tly4 ,& yet ! e>? is "h1 g>l&$ ) ! seasons & rid+ 9 ! cele/ial curr5ts l a %ip 9 calm summ] seas1 & man is "h ) all ?+s "u 8 feet4 ,all is well 9 our corn] ( ! univ]se4 ,! great mill has made meal ( our gri/ & n ( ! mill]4 ,we h tak5 our *ances & h won4 ,m has be5 = u ?an aga9/ u4 ,dur+ ! little segm5t ( "t t man has be5 ^u ! e>?1 only "o great calamity t might be call$ cosmical has befall5 x4 ,! ice age ( "o or two hundr$ ?\s& ye>s 0 su* a calamity4 ,b man surviv$ x4 ,! spr+ came aga91 & life1 ! travel]1 pick$ itself up & made a new />t4 ,b if he _h n surviv$ x1 if no?+ _h surviv$ x1 ! great procession w\ld h gone on j ! same2 ! gods w\ld h be5 j z well pleas$4 ,! battle is to ! /rong1 ! race is to ! fleet4 ,?is is ! ord] ( nature4 ,no matt] = ! re/1 = ! weak1 ! sl[1 ! unlucky1 s t ! fight is won1 s t ! race ( man cont9ues4 ,y & ,i may fail & fall be=e our "t2 ! end may be a trag$y or a com$y4 ,:at matt]s x8 ,only "s "o mu/ succe$1 w succe$4 ,we are "h1 ,i say1 because1 9 ! conflict ( =ces1 ! influ5ces t made = life h be5 9 ! asc5dant4 ,?is conflict ( =ces has be5 a "p ( ! process ( our developm5t4 ,we h be5 gr\nd out z betwe5 an upp] & a ne!r mill/one1 b we h squeez$ ?r\gh1 we h actually arriv$1 & are all ! bett] = ! gr9d+--all ^? :o h surviv$4 ,b1 alas = ^? ^: lives w5t out 9 ! cru%6 ,maybe !y (t5 broke ! =ce ( ! bl[ = u4 ,nature is n b5evol5t2 ,nature is j1 gives p\nd = p\nd1 measure = measure1 makes no exceptions1 nev] temp]s h] decrees ) m]cy1 or w9ks at any infr+em5t ( h] laws4 ,& 9 ! end is n ?is be/8 ,c\ld ! univ]se be run z a *>ity or a b5evol5t in/itution1 or z a poor-h\se ( ! mo/ approv$ patt]n8 ,)\t ?is m]ciless ju/ice1 ?is irrefragable law1 :]e %\ld we h br\ght up long ago8 ,x is a h>d gospel2 b rocks are h>d too1 yet !y =m ! f\ndations ( ! hills4 ,man introduces b5evol5ce1 m]cy1 altruism1 into ! _w1 & he pays ! price 9 8 add$ burd5s2 & he reaps 8 rew>d 9 ! va/ social & civic organizations t 7 impossible )\t ^! ?+s4 ,i h no d\bt t ! life ( man ^u ?is planet w end1 z all o!r =ms ( life w end4 ,b ! pot5tial man w cont9ue & does cont9ue on o!r sph]es4 ,"o _c ?9k ( "o "p ( ! univ]se z produc+ man1 & no o!r "p z capable ( x4 ,! univ]se is all ( a piece s f> z its mat]ial con/itu5ts are conc]n$2 t we "k4 ,c !re be any d\bt t x is all ( a piece s f> z its invisible & intangible =ces & capabilities are conc]n$8 ,c we believe t ! e>? is an ali5 & a /rang] 9 ! univ]se8 t x has no ne> k98 t !re is no tie ( blood1 s to speak1 betwe5 x & ! o!r planets & sy/ems8 ,are ! planets n all ( "o family1 sitt+ ar\nd ! same c5tral s\rce ( w>m? & life8 ,& is n our sy/em a memb] ( a /ill l>g] family or tribe1 & x ( a /ill l>g]1 all b\nd toge!r by ties ( consangu9ity8 ,size is no?+1 space is no?+4 ,! worlds are only r$ corpuscles 9 ! art]ies ( ! inf9ite4 ,if man has n yet appe>$ on ! o!r planets1 he w 9 "t appe>1 & :5 he has disappe>$ f ?is globe1 he w /ill cont9ue else:]e4 ,i d n say t he is ! end & aim ( creation2 x w\ld be logical1 ,i ?9k1 to expect a /ill high] =m4 ,man has be5 man b a little :ile comp>atively1 less ?an "o h\r ( ! tw5ty- f\r ( ! va/ geologic day2 a few h\rs m & he w be gone2 less ?an ano!r geologic day l ! pa/1 & no d\bt all life f ! e>? w be gone4 ,:at !n8 ,! game w be play$ ov] & ov] aga9 9 o!r worlds1 )\t approa*+ any ne>] ! f9al end ?an we are n[4 ,!re is no f9al end1 z !re 0 no absolute beg9n+1 & c be none ) ! inf9ite4 ,,! ,,end