,,mak+ ,,t9 ,,c ,,toys ,illu/ration3 ,army truck con/ruct$ entirely f us$ t9 cans ,,mak+ ,,t9 ,,c ,,toys ,,by ,,edw>d ,,?at*] ,,orig9ator ,,( ,,t9 ,,c ,,toys ,,& ,,in/ructor ,,( ,,metal ,,work+1 ,,tea*]s ,,college1 ,,columbia ,,univ]sity ,,new ,,york ,,city1 #aijd-aiai ,,draw+s ,,made ,,& ,,! ,,au?or',s ,,models ,,pa9t$ ,by ,,isabel ,,?at*] ,illu/ration ,,philadelphia ,,& ,,london ,j4 ,b4 ,,lipp9cott ,,company ,,copyright1 #aiai1 ,,by ,j4 ,b4 ,,lipp9cott ,,company ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,j4 ,b4 ,,lipp9cott ,,company ,,at ,,! ,,wa%+ton ,,squ>e ,,press ,,philadelphia1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 ,,introduction ,t9 c toys 7 inv5t$ aft] a fruitless se>* ( ! toy %ops = a l>ge t9 locomotive4 ,i _h a long c 9 my %op at home t ,i ?\ght c\ld be v easily work$ up into a toy locomotive boil] by add+ a few fitt+s1 su* z a piece ( t9 roll$ up into ! =m ( a smoke/ack4 ,"p ( a small c c\ld be us$ = a /eam dome1 or ,i c\ld use ! top "p ( a c]ta9 too?-p[d] c1 ! di/ributor top ( :i* w\ld look v mu* l a :i/le4 ,a cocoa t9 came 9 v h&y = a cab1 & a ?umb-tack box s]v$ = a headlight4 ,! :eels 7 made ( c lids sold]$ toge!r1 & ! toy locomotive 0 made1 mu* to ! joy ( my v "y son1 :o has _h x 9 con/ant s]vice = ov] a ye>1 & x is /ill good = _m trips at ! end ( a /r+4 ,i _h always us$ t9 cans = mak+ su* articles z wat] motors1 glue pots1 melt+ ladles1 moor+ buoys = model ya*ts1 etc41 b ! locomotive 0 ! fir/ toy1 made :olly f t9 cans1 t ,i _h produc$1 & ?is sugge/$ o!r toys4 ,! /eam roll] 0 next made4 ,i f\nd t ! cans l5d !mselves v easily to ! mak+ ( toys1 s mu* ( ! "w be+ already done4 ,! mat]ials us$ to make ^! toys are pl5tiful & inexp5sive--cans are ev]y:]e4 ,! tools ne$$ are few & easy to use1 & ,i f\nd t s _m diff]5t & amus+ durable toys c\ld be made f us$ t9 cans1 & also t ev]yone seem$ to h su* fun mak+ ! toys1 t ,i decid$ to use !m = tea*+ purposes4 ,t9 c toy mak+ has be5 ?or\ghly tri$ out 9 a grade s*ool "u a v able tea*]1 :o und]/&s mak+ !m4 ,pupils ( t51 elev5 & twelve ye>s ( age h prov$ t ^! toys are easy to make1 & _m s*ools n[ h ! "w well e/abli%$4 ,! /eam roll]1 %[n 9 ,plate ,,xi1 0 made by a boy ( t5 aft] a model :i* ,i made = x4 ,?is same boy develop$ q a trade ( 8 own by sold]+ up v>i\s pieces ( t9w>e = 8 "m & ! neighbors4 ,b1 bett] /ill1 work+ ) ! t9 cans has develop$ ! inv5tive faculties ( my class to a surpris+ degree4 ,! pupils h ?\ght out & made _m models ( _! own--n only toys b useful ?+s z well4 ,v>i\s memb]s ( ! class inve/igat$ ! l>ge trucks1 automobiles1 hoi/+ eng9es1 locomotives1 boats & su* ?+s se5 9 any wat]-front community1 to see h[ !y 7 made & h[ !y work$1 & :y4 ,^! pupils !n return$ to ! s*ool %ops & made models ( _! own1 _m ( :i* %[$ consid]able inv5tion & +5uity4 ,i decid$ to tea* ! ,occupational ,aides 9 my classes at ,columbia ,univ]sity h[ to make ^! toys1 s t !y 9 turn c\ld tea* ! w\nd$ soldi]s 9 ! hospitals4 ,x is a great pleasure to "k t z ?is book goes to press _m a w\nd$ soldi] has be5 & is /ill be+ amus$ & b5efit$ by mak+ ! t9 c toys "h4 ,b ! mak+ ( t9 c toys is by no means limit$ to hospitals & s*ools4 ,any "o :o c>es to t9k]1 to h&le tools1 to use up wa/e mat]ials1 may f9d pleasure & pr(it f assembl+ t9 cans & p>ts ( !m4 ,_m useful & attractive ?+s may be made = ! home1 %op1 or camp4 ,i h f\nd x q possible to make _m decorative ?+s f t9 cans1 & = "s ye>s ,i h made lant]ns1 c&le/icks1 sconces & trays ( all k9ds4 ,! %ape ( ! cans !mselves l5ds !m to decoration :5 assembl$ by a p]son hav+ a s5se ( design & proportion4 ,!re is no?+ weak or flimsy ab\t a well-made t9 c toy4 ,a /rip ( flat t9 is v easily b5t2 if t same /rip ( t9 is b5t at "r angles ?r\gh its :ole l5g?1 l ! angle iron enc\nt]$ 9 /ructural iron "w1 x w be f\nd to be rem>kably /iff4 ,b5d up an angle on ea* side ( a /rip ( t91 l a *annel iron us$ 9 build+s2 x w su/a9 a rem>kable load4 ,i h us$ ! common =ms employ$ 9 /ructural /eel = build+ up ! toys %[n 9 ?is book ) ! result t !y are surpris+ly solid & durable1 ?\gh made entirely f cans or ! t9 tak5 f flatt5$-out cans & boxes4 ,no r\gh or %>p edges are left ab\t ^! toys4 ,! edges ( a piece ( t9 may be fold$ ov] or 8hemm$0--or a fold$ /rip ( t9 may be slipp$ ov] an edge t ne$s /r5g!n+4 ,?us all dang] ( cutt+ ! f+]s or ( ?9 edges be+ b5t out ( %ape is done away )4 ,al?\gh made ( t91 !re ne$ be no?+ 8t9ny0 ab\t a well-made1 well-pa9t$ t9 c toy4 ,v few & v simple tools are requir$ = ! "w & ! sold]1 sold]+ flux1 rivets1 wire & pa9t are v inexp5sive items1 z s little ne$ be us$ = ea* piece produc$4 ,sold]+ is by f> ! mo/ important ( ! op]ations involv$ 9 t9 c toy mak+4 ,b x is v simple1 once x is und]/ood4 ,:5 ! pr9ciples t gov]n ! process ( sold]+ are ?or\ghly ma/]$ !re is no difficulty at all ab\t x4 ,*apt]s ,,iv & ,v %\ld be ?or\ghly read & re-read be=e try+ to sold]1 & at lea/ two practice pieces well sold]$ toge!r be=e go+ any fur!r4 ,s9ce ! t9 c toys 7 introduc$ into my classes at college ,i h taught m ?an two hundr$ pupils h[ to make !m4 ,_m ( ^! pupils _h little or no exp]i5ce ) tools & _h nev] expect$ to h any until ! w> came along & *ang$ ! ideas ( _m p z to _! ability to "w ) _! h&s4 ,i h yet to enc\nt] a pupil :o c\ld n sold] aft] a v %ort p]iod ( in/ruction4 ,look at ! end ( a small olive oil c or ! end ( a t9 commonly us$ to conta9 cocoa1 !n ?9k ( ! %ape ( ! radiator & hood ( ! mod]n automobile4 ,! %ape ( ! c & ! %ape ( ! hood ( ! automobile are v mu* alike4 ,a few holes pun*$ 9 ! end ( ! c 9 regul> r[s trans=m x into a m9iature radiator 9 appe>ance1 & "s slits cut 9 ! side ( ! c look v mu* l ! v5ts 9 ! side ( a real auto hood4 ,sold] ! cap ( a too?-pa/e or pa9t tube 9 place ov] ! radiator1 & ! hood & radiator are complet$4 ,to h =m$ up a hood ( ?is sort f a pla9 %eet ( metal w\ld h tak5 f> m skill ?an ! av]age t9k] is likely to possess1 b y h x ready made 9 ! c1 & ?is is ! :ole idea ( t9 c toy build+4 ,less ?an half ( a rectangul> two-qu>t c us$ = a c]ta9 cook+ oil makes up into a truck body s l ! bodies on ! real trucks t x w\ld be difficult to f9d or make "o m l !m4 ,_m diff]5t k9ds ( boats t w really float may be made f mack]el & h]r+ t9s :i* are usually made 9 ! %ape ( boats4 ,two mack]el t9s sold]$ toge!r sugge/ ! fight+ tank4 ,only a little "w is necess>y to trans=m ^! cans into real toys4 ,long cyl9drical cans sugge/ boil]s = toy locomotives1 hoi/+ & traction eng9es1 /eam roll]s & ! l4 ,:eels = roll+ /ock may be made f cans or ! c lids4 ,small adhesive tape boxes make excell5t headlights or se>*lights & also pilot h\ses = t9y tug boats4 ,bottle caps1 ?umb-tack boxes1 & ! small screw tops ( olive or cook+ oil cans sugge/ head1 side & tail lights = toy automobiles1 & _m o!r ?+s4 ,aside f ! pleasure d]iv$ f ! actual mak+ ( t9 c toys1 p]haps ! greate/ satisfaction lies 9 ! fact t y are us+ mat]ial usually ?r[n away--mak+ some?+ out ( no?+4 ,& s ?is book is (f]$ to t9k]s by a t9k] ) ! hope t !y may get "s ( ! pleasure out ( x t he has _h 9 writ+ x4 ,,edw>d ,,?at*]4 ,wood/ock1 ,ul/] ,c\nty1 ,new ,york4 ,septemb]1 #aiai4 ,,extract ,,f ,a ,,lett] ,,writt5 ,,to ,,! ,,au?or ,,by ,a ,,=m] ,,pupil ,,mrs4 ,,clyde ,m4 ,,my]s ,,recon/ruction ,,aide1 ,,director ,,( ,,! ,,r$ ,,cross ,,"w ,,%op ,,= ,,pati5ts ,,at ,,neurological ,,base ,,hospital #aag1 ,,la ,,fau*e1 ,,haute ,,m>ne1 ,,france 8,! hospital 0 new & its ne$s 7 _m4 ,we began "w ! day aft] our arrival & by ! "t our small equipm5t 0 unpack$ 7,mrs4 ,my]s ref]s "h to h] own p]sonal equipm5t ( tools :i* 0 necess>ily a small "o z x 0 br\ght f ,am]ica4 ,! hospital %ops 7 n equipp$ ) tools until aft] ! ,aides _h e/abli%$ ! "w & decid$ on ! necess>y tools ne$$71 reque/s 7 com+ 9 f all qu>t]s ( ! hospital = u to make ev]y?+ f tables & di%es to d\ghnut cutt]s4 ,!re 0 su* a lack ( mat]ial t ! problem ( mak+ !m c\ld h be5 solv$ by no?+ less ?an +5uity ( ! ,am]ican soldi] & ! ev] pres5t t9 c pile4 8,"s old ,fr5* hospital b$s f\nd on ! salvage heap 7 quickly conv]t$ into "w b5*es4 ,x 0 !n t ! t9 c ceas$ to be a ?+ to be burn$ & buri$ & came into its own4 8,our fir/ ne$ 0 a *>coal furnace to heat our sold]+ copp]s4 ,?is 0 made f two l>ge squ>e t9s ) an int]l9+ ( brick4 ,a bit ( an old grate complet$ ?is p]fectly good furnace :i* s]v$ u well = _m mon?s4 8,! wants ( ! kit*5 7 next consid]$4 ,= wa%+ di%es we made ?ree huge wood5 tubs #b by #b by #f feet4 ,! l9+ & dra9 pipes = ^! 7 made f sev]al l>ge t9 cans4 ,z ! size ( ! hospital increas$ !re 0 a con/ant dem& = su* ?+s z biscuit pans1 d\ghnut cutt]s1 funnels1 potato grat]s1 vegetable /ra9]s1 soap di%es & o!r small necessities4 8,= ! (fic]s' w>ds1 b>racks1 & recreation hut1 we made t9 c&le/icks1 fl[] hold]s1 a% trays1 electric light %ades1 tea trays1 desk sets1 & fil+ boxes4 ,all ( :i* 7 n only useful b q ornam5tal1 z !y 7 attractively pa9t$ & decorat$ by ! pati5ts4 ,! soldi]s took great int]e/ 9 ! mak+ ( me*anical toys1 especially w>-l ones1 su* z tanks1 a]oplanes1 cannon & army trucks4 8,! reflectors = ! foot lights ( ! /age 9 ! ,r$ ,cross ,recreation ,hut 7 made ( t9 cans4 ,! end-m5 9 ! m9/rel %[ 7 q gay 9 t9 c hats--:at c\ld h be5 m simple--a t9 brim ) an inv]t$ butt] c = a cr[n1 gaudily pa9t$ & b]ibbon$6 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,i ,c\rtesy ,pictorial ,review ,w\nd$ soldi]s at "w 8,! pr9cess 9 ! ,*ri/mas play 0 9 ne$ ( %9+ armor4 ,half circles ( t9 ov]lapp+ ea* o!r n only s]v$ ! purpose b 7 glitt]+ly gorge\s4 ,! ,?ree ,k+s 9 ! play 7 badly 9 ne$ ( cr[ns2 ?ree oatmeal t9s 7 beautifully fa%ion$ into k+ly headdresses = !m4 8,! ,*ri/mas tree 0 brilliant ) hundr$s ( />s1 diamonds1 & cresc5ts1 & c&le hold]s1 :i* 0 ! f9al contribution ( our mu* s\ght & nev] fail+ fri5d1 ! t9 c pile1 z ! hospital 0 evacuat$ soon aft]w>ds4 8,i h _h entire *>ge ( ! "w & h taught ! o!r ,aides ! t9 c "w1 z x 0 a mo/ necess>y ?+ = !m to "k4 ,_m ( ^! ,aides 7 s5t to o!r hospital work%ops & introduc$ ! "w !re40 ,,mrs4 ,,clyde ,m4 ,,my]s1 ,r4,a4 ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,,introduction #e ,,extract ,,f ,a ,,lett] ,,writt5 ,,f ,,france ,,by ,,mrs4 ,,clyde ,m4 ,,my]s1 ,r4,a4 #ac ,i4 ,,t9 ,,cans #ai ,,v>i\s ,,k9ds ,,( ,,cans ,,& ,,boxes--,,prep>+ ,,cans ,,= ,,! ,,"w--,,cutt+ ,,9 ,,& ,,op5+ ,,out ,,cans ,,& ,,boxes ,,ii4 ,,tools ,,& ,,appliances #bh ,,tool ,,li/s ,,& ,,co/s--,,lay+ ,,out ,,& ,,m>k+ ,,(f ,,"w--,,%op ,,appliances ,,iii4 ,,mak+ ,a ,,biscuit ,,cutt] ,,f ,a ,,small ,,c #dd ,,cutt+ ,,! ,,c ,,to ,,size ,,= ,,biscuit ,,cutt]--,,pun*+ ,a ,,hole ,,9 ,,t9--,,=m+ ,,! ,,h&le--,,fold+--,,mak+ ,a ,,sug> ,,scoop ,,by ,,! ,,same ,,me?od ,,iv4 ,,sold]+ #ed ,,s(t ,,sold]--,,%eet ,,t9--,,! ,,process ,,( ,,sold]+--,,heat+ ,,app>atus--,,electrical ,,sold]+ ,,copp]s--,,! ,,common ,,sold]+ ,,copp]--,,fluxes--,,t9n+ ,,! ,,copp]--,,heat+ ,v4 ,,sold]+ 7,cont9u$7 #ga ,,prep>+ ,a ,,jo9t ,,= ,,sold]+--,,clean+ ,,& ,,scrap+--,,sold]+ ,a ,,practice ,,piece--,,sold]+ ,,! ,,h&le ,,to ,,! ,,biscuit ,,cutt]--,a ,,second ,,practice ,,piece--,,ano!r ,,me?od ,,( ,,apply+ ,,sold] ,,vi4 ,,cooky ,,cutt]s #gi ,,! ,,p9e ,,tree ,,design--,,cutt+ ,,n>r[ ,,/rips ,,( ,,t9--,,b5d+ ,,to ,,%ape ,,ov] ,,design--,,sold]+ ,,cooky ,,cutt]s--,,! ,,h&le ,,vii4 ,,trays #hf ,,turn+ ,,ov] ,,edges ,,on ,,r\nd ,,trays--,,us+ ,,! ,,=m+ ,,mallet--,,mak+ ,,an ,,a% ,,tray ,,& ,,mat* ,,box ,,hold] ,,viii4 ,a ,,tray ,,c&le/ick #id ,,! ,,c&le ,,socket--,,cutt+ ,a ,,hole ,,9 ,,! ,,drip ,,cup--,,mak+ ,,! ,,h&le ,,ix4 ,,rivet+ #ajj ,,mak+ ,a ,,pail ,,f ,a ,,t9 ,,c--,,cutt+ ,,away ,,! ,,surplus ,,t9 ,,at ,,! ,,rim--,,=m+ ,,! ,,lugs ,,= ,,! ,,h&le--,,rivet+ ,,! ,,lugs ,,9 ,,position--,,=m+ ,a ,,wire ,,h&le ,x4 ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck #ajg ,,f\r ,,ways ,,( ,,mak+ ,,:eels ,,( ,,t9 ,,cans3 ,,mak+ ,a ,,:eel ,,f ,a ,,c ,,) ,,sold]$ ,,ends--,,mak+ ,,:eels ,,f ,,roll$ ,,rim ,,cans--,,two ,,types ,,( ,,:eels ,,made ,,f ,,c ,,lids ,,xi4 ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck 7,cont9u$7 #aah ,,=m+ ,,! ,,*assis--,,us+ ,,! ,,wood5 ,,ro(+ ,,fold]--,,fold+--,,us+ ,,! ,,vise ,,= ,,%ort ,,fold+--,,us+ ,,! ,,hat*et ,,/ake ,,= ,,fold+ ,,xii4 ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck 7,cont9u$7 #abg ,,mak+ ,,! ,,hood ,,& ,,radiator--,,cutt+ ,,! ,,v5ts--,,sold]+ ,,on ,,! ,,fill] ,,cap ,,xiii4 ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck 7,cont9u$7 #ace ,,! ,,da%-,,bo>d--,,! ,,seat--,,assembl+ ,,! ,,truck--,,spr+s--,,sold]+ ,,! ,,:eels ,,on ,,! ,,axles--,,/rip ,,wa%]s ,,xiv4 ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck 7,cont9u$7 #adf ,,truck ,,bodies--,,diff]5t ,,types ,,( ,,bodies ,,to ,,be ,,fitt$ ,,to ,,! ,,same ,,*assis--,,! ,,tank ,,truck--,,! ,,/reet ,,spr9kl]--,,! ,,coal ,,or ,,s& ,,truck--,,! ,,army ,,truck--,,! ,,ambulance--,,! ,,fire ,,eng9e ,,xv4 ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck 7,cont9u$7 #aeg ,,! ,,/>t+ ,,crank--,,! ,,/e]+ ,,:eel ,,& ,,column--,,mud ,,gu>ds ,,& ,,runn+ ,,bo>ds--,,lights1 ,,tool ,,boxes1 ,,horns1 ,,etc41--,,driv]s' ,,cabs ,,xvi4 ,,boats #aff ,,! ,,r[boat--,,! ,,sailboat--,,! ,,sc[--,,! ,,tugboat--,,! ,,battle%ip--,,! ,,f]ry-,,boat ,,xvii4 ,a ,,toy ,,locomotive #agd ,,! ,,frame--,,boil]--,,cab--,,:eels--,,cyl9 d]s ,,& ,,connect+ ,,rods--,,! ,,smoke/ack1 ,,/eam ,,dome ,,& ,,:i/le1 ,,s& ,,box ,,& ,,headlight--,,c>s--,a ,,pass5g] ,,c> ,,& ,,"s ,,o!rs ,,xviii4 ,,simple ,,me*anical ,,toys #ahb ,,wat] ,,:eels ,,& ,,s&mills--,a ,,simple ,,/eam ,,turb9e ,,& ,,boil]--,a ,,w9dmill ,,& ,,t[]--,,a]oplane ,,wea!rvane ,,xix4 ,,c&le/icks #aib ,,wall ,,sconces ,,& ,a ,,lant]n ,,xx4 ,,camp ,,& ,,kit*5 ,,equipm5t #aie ,a ,,c(fee ,,pot--,,boil+ ,,pails--,,fry+ ,,pan--,,toa/]--,a ,,camp ,,%[] ,,ba?--,,cante5 ,,or ,,hot ,,wat] ,,bottle--,a ,,mat* ,,box ,,xxi4 ,,prep>+ ,,! ,,toys ,,= ,,pa9t+ #bjj ,,remov+ ,,surplus ,,sold] ,,) ,,scrap]s--,,mak+ ,a ,,hoe ,,scrap]--,,plumb]s' ,,& ,,ro(]s' ,,scrap]s--,,scrap+ ,,& ,,fil+--,,boil+ ,,! ,,toys ,,9 ,a ,,lye ,,ba?--,,v5t ,,holes ,,xxii4 ,,notes ,,on ,,pa9t+ ,,! ,,toys #bjf ,,illu/rations ,,page ,army ,truck ,con/ruct$ ,entirely f ,us$ ,t9 ,cans ,frontispiece ,i4 ,w\nd$ ,soldi]s at ,"w #aj ,,ii4 ,army ,truck & ,t9 ,cans ,us$ to ,make ,x #bb ,,iii4 ,! ,raw ,mat]ial f ,:i* ,_m ( ! ,toys ,%[n 9 ,?is ,book ,7 ,made #bc ,,iv4 ,scrib+ a ,l9e ,ar\nd a ,c ) ! ,divid]s4 ,cutt+ ,along ! ,jo9t to ,op5 a ,c4 ,cutt+ f ,"r to ,left ) ! ,/raight ,%e>s4 ,cutt+ to ! ,l9e1 ,"r to ,left #bb ,v4 ,au?or at ,"w #bc ,,vi4 ,! ,tools ,ne$$ = ,t9 ,c ,toy ,mak+ #cb ,,vii4 ,biscuit ,cutt]s4 ,sold]+ #dd ,,viii4 ,cooky ,cutt]1 ,tray ,c&le/ick & ,a% ,trays ,made by ! ,au?or #hd ,,ix4 ,/eam ,roll]s #aaf ,x4 ,dump+ ,truck & ,*assis ( ,toy ,auto ,truck4 #abj ,,xi4 ,*assis ( ,toy ,auto ,truck & ,dump+ ,truck4 #aba ,,xii4 ,wood5 ,ro(+ ,fold] #abj ,,xiii4 ,oil ,tank ,truck & ,toy ,=d #aeb ,,xiv4 ,r$ ,cross ,ambulance #aec ,,xv4 ,boats #agj ,,xvi4 ,a ,simple ,toy ,locomotive1 a ,s& or ,wat] ,mill & ! ,fir/ ,t9 ,c ,toy #agd ,,xvii4 ,/eam ,tractor & ,gun #age ,,xviii4 ,a]oplane ,wea!rvanes #ahh ,,xix4 ,lant]n & ,fight+ ,tank #aib ,,xx4 ,a ,toy ,t9 ,c ,kit*5 #aif ,,xxi4 ,a ,doll's ,ba?room & a ,t9 ,c ,laundry #aig ,,mak+ ,,t9 ,,c ,,toys ,,*apt] ,i ,,t9 ,,cans ,,v>i\s ,,k9ds ,,( ,,cans ,,& ,,boxes--,,prep>+ ,,cans ,,= ,,! ,,"w--,,cutt+ ,,9 ,,& ,,op5+ ,,out ,,cans ,,& ,,boxes ,!re are _m %apes & sizes ( t9 cans & boxes z e "o kn[s2 r\nd1 squ>e1 elliptical1 tall1 %ort1 or flat4 ,a surpris+ numb] ( attractive %apes & sizes may be collect$ 9 a %ort "t 9 any community4 ,h\sewives are only too glad to f9d "s "o to use !m4 ,cans t are well r9s$ ) hot wat] z soon z ! cont5ts are remov$ are n at all objectionable to "w )2 b cans t h n be5 r9s$ out1 or t h be5 ?r[n out & expos$ to ! wea!r are v unpleasant objects1 & besides1 a ru/y c is v difficult to sold]4 ,x is a simple matt] to r9se or scald out a c z soon z ! cont5ts are remov$4 ,tomato1 corn1 pea & cond5s$ milk cans are ! mo/ pl5tiful4 ,c(fee1 tea1 cocoa1 jam1 mack]el & s>d9e cans1 olive & cook+ oil cans1 bak+ p[d] & spice cans are all useful = mak+ ! ?+s describ$ 9 ?is book & = _m m besides4 ,biscuit boxes1 tobacco boxes1 cold cream1 o9tm5t1 & ! small adhesive tape boxes all conta9 possibilities4 ,! screw tops ( olive oil & cook+ oil cans1 & bottle caps %\ld be collect$ = ?is "w4 ,jelly glass lids1 9 fact1 all %all[ t9 lids are useful4 ,syrup & molasses cans ) sep>ate lids1 t pu% into place are wor? sav+1 especially ! lids4 ,c]ta9 conta9]s ( dry mat]ial are n[ l>gely made ( pa/ebo>d ) t9 tops1 lids & bottoms4 ,! t9 p>ts ( ^! conta9]s are (t5 ( an attractive %ape4 ,! l>ge r\nd gallon cans us$ by hotels & re/aurants are p>ticul>ly useful1 & a sizable piece ( t9 may be obta9$ f ! sides ( ! c & ! bottoms may be us$ = l>ge c&le/ick sauc]s & _m o!r ?+s4 ,l>ge squ>e t9 boxes us$ to conta9 #ajj p\nds ( cocoa may be obta9$ f "s re/aurants4 ,^! are made ( heavy t9 & five l>ge %eets may be cut f ! bottom & sides4 ,consid]ably ov] #a w\ld h to be paid = ! same am\nt ( t94 ,prep>+ ,cans = ! ,"w4--,cans t h conta9$ pa9t1 /ove-black+1 heavy oils or greases1 or cans t h be5 /&+ ab\t ) "p ( ! cont5ts expos$ to ! air may be ?or\ghly clean$ ( all =eign matt] by ! hot lye ba?4 ,?is ba? is made up by add+ two heap+ tablespoonfuls ( lye or wa%+ soda to ! gallon ( boil+ wat]4 ,cans boil$ up 9 ?is solution = a few m9utes w be clean$ ( all pa9t1 pap] labels1 etc4 ,keep ! h&s out ( ! solution & d n all[ any ( x to come 9 contact ) ! clo!s4 ,lift ! "w out ( x ) a wire hook & r9se (f ! lye ) hot wat]2 /& ! cans bottom up s t !y w dra9 out )\t any wat] rema9+ 9 !m4 ,! lye solution may be us$ = a numb] ( times & !n may be p\r$ d[n ! s9k1 z lye is an excell5t ?+ = dra9 pipes4 ,d n leave a lye ba? 9 ! %op )\t cov]+ x tightly :5 n 9 use1 z ! fumes f x are sure to ru/ e tool 9 ! place4 ,c(fee1 tea1 cocoa1 talcum & o!r cans t h conta9$ dry mat]ial ne$ n be put 9 ! lye ba? until ready to pa9t1 unless ! labels are too mu* 9 ! way = sold]+4 ,small boxes su* z conta9 tobacco are almo/ cov]$ ) a sort ( v>ni%$ pa9t4 ,?is may be scrap$ away :]e ! box is to be sold]$1 b if mu* sold]+ is to be done ! :ole box %\ld be boil$ up 9 ! lye ba? until all ! pa9t is remov$4 ,sometimes ! lye s(t5s ! pa9t b does n entirely remove x4 ,m lye may be add$ to ! ba? & ! "w left 9 x a:ile long]1 or ! "w may be remov$ f ! ba? & ! s(t5$ pa9t scrubb$ away ) a scrubb+ bru% & pl5ty ( clean wat]4 ,aft] be+ us$ sev]al times1 ! ba? w become too muddy & weak = fur!r use & !n a fre% "o %\ld be made1 z ! lye is inexp5sive4 ,= good "w1 x is necess>y t ! cans be ?or\ghly clean4 ,cutt+ ,into & ,op5+ ,out ,cans & ,boxes4--,!re is "o v easy way to cut into & op5 out a c or box4 ,to make :eels1 small trays & o!r ?+s1 a good "p ( ! sides ( ! c mu/ be cut away leav+ a small portion ( ! sides atta*$ to ! bottom4 ,! "p t is cut away may be flatt5$ out & us$ to make v>i\s ?+s4 ,z mo/ ( ! cans us$ are cut d[n to v>i\s dim5sions 9 ?is mann]1 ei!r to use ! bottom ) "p ( ! sides1 or to obta9 flat %eets ( t91 x w be well to consid] ! easie/ way ( do+ x4 ,fir/1 det]m9e h[ mu* ( ! bottom portion ( ! c is to be left intact4 ,!n us+ a pair ( divid]s op5$ to ?is dim5sion1 make a l9e p>allel ) ! base ( ! c & completely ar\nd x4 ,to d ?is1 hold ! c d[n to ! b5* ) ! left h& s t x may be turn$ aga9/ ! divid] po9ts z %[n 9 ,plate ,,iv1 a4 ,hold ! divid]s firmly d[n to ! b5* & aga9/ ! c s t ! upp]mo/ po9t is held at exactly ! same height f ! b5* dur+ ! turn+ or m>k+1 :ile turn+ ! c aga9/ ! po9t to m>k x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,ii ,army truck %[n 9 frontispiece assembl$ f gr\p ( cans %[n bel[ ,t9 cans us$ to make ! army truck %[n 9 frontispiece ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iii ,c\rtesy ,pictorial ,review ,! raw mat]ial f :i* _m ( ! toys %[n 9 ?is book 7 made ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iv a1 scrib+ a l9e ar\nd a c ) ! divid]s4 b1 cutt+ along ! jo9t to op5 a c4 c1 cutt+ f "r to left ) ! /raight %e>s to remove surplus t9 f c be=e cutt+ to l9e4 d1 cutt+ to ! l9e "r to left ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,v ,copyright by ,key/one ,view ,co41 ,n4 ,y4 ,au?or at "w ,!n us+ a pair ( /raight metal %e>s1 cut d[n ea* side ( ! seam or jo9t 9 ! side ( ! c to )9 "o-half in* ( ! horizontal l9e y h m>k$ ) ! divid]s 7see ,plate ,,iv1 b74 ,b5d out ! n>r[ /rip conta9+ ! seam & cut x (f ) ! %e>s4 ,?is w give y an op5 slot 9 ! side ( ! c 9 :i* ! %e>s may be easily introduc$ to cut horizontally ar\nd x4 ,d n try to cut directly on ! l9e m>k$ ar\nd ! c ) ! divid]s b beg9 cutt+ ab\t half an in* above ?is l9e & cut completely ar\nd ! c until y h cut (f ! :ole top "p ( x4 ,aft] y h cut away ! l>g] portion ( ! metal1 ! n>r[ /rip rema9+ above ! l9e may be easily cut away z x curls up out ( ! way z x is cut by ! %e>s4 ,! c %\ld be held 9 ! left h& ) ! op5 end or top t[>d y 7see ,plate ,,iv1 c74 ,be sure y hold ! c 9 ?is mann]4 ,) ! t9 snips held 9 ! "r h&1 />t cutt+ t[>d ! left h& always :5 cutt+ ar\nd a c or box4 ,b5d ! t9 out ( ! way z y cut4 ,y w f9d t x is impossible to cut 9 a /raight l9e or to make a cont9u\s unbrok5 cut :ile cutt+ away a l>ge portion ( ! c4 ,b1 aft] ! l>g] piece is out ( ! way1 ! n>r[ /rip rema9+ above ! l9e may be easily cut away if y cut t[>d y\r left h& & hold ! op5 end ( ! c t[>d y4 ,x is impossible to cut a /raight l9e ar\nd a cyl9drical =m ) a pair ( /raight %e>s unless ! %e>s cut f "r to left & t "p ( ! metal :i* is cut away is ne>e/ ! op]ator4 ,! beg9n] w p]haps f9d x easi] to h&le ! cans if a pair ( old ?9 kid gloves are worn4 ,if "o c af=d x1 ! pair ( d\ble cutt+ %e>s su* z are li/$ 9 ! supplem5t>y tools on page #ca are excell5t ?+s to h = op5+ & cutt+ ar\nd cans4 ,^! %e>s h ?ree blades1 & "o blade cutt+ betwe5 two fix$ blades cuts away a n>r[ /rip ( t9 z ! %e>s are work$ along 9 su* a mann] t a /raight l9e may be foll[$ ar\nd a c at ! fir/ cutt+4 ,! po9t ( ! s+le blade may be pun*$ into ! side ( a c & ! cut />t$ ar\nd ! c at any po9t4 ,if _m cans are to be cut d[n1 ^! d\ble cutt+ %e>s w save mu* "t & tr\ble4 ,h[ev]1 ! /raight %e>s w answ] well en\gh1 if ! above directions are c>efully foll[$4 ,be sure to try n to cut to ! l9e ! fir/ "t y cut ar\nd a c4 ,cut away ! l>g] "p fir/ & !n cut to ! l9e :5 !re is only a n>r[ /rip to cut away4 ,d n m9d if ! fir/ piece cut away looks v r\gh & jagg$4 ,x may be a little difficult at fir/1 b pati5ce & practice w soon make x q easy to cut op5 a c 9 ?is mann]1 us+ a pair ( ord9>y /raight %e>s4 ,cut away ! top ( ! c or ! roll$ edge adh]+ to t "p ( ! c :i* is cut away2 trim away all jagg$ edges2 place flat on ! b5* or anvil & flatt5 out ! t9 ) light bl[s ( a wood5 mallet4 ,lay ?is t9 aside until ne$$4 ,i f9d x conv5i5t to cut away ! top or roll$ edge ( l>ge r\nd cans be=e cutt+ ar\nd !m ne> ! bottom1 z !n x is easy to b5d ! comp>atively l>ge %eet ( t9 out ( ! way ( ! %e>s z ,i cut ar\nd ! c at ! bottom4 ,a l>ge pair ( %e>s is v conv5i5t = op5+ l>ge cans1 b small ones w d if intellig5tly us$4 ,:5 cutt+ metal ) a pair ( %e>s1 always rememb] t ! %e>s cut m p[]fully ne> ! jo9t or bolt1 p>ticul>ly :5 cutt+ ?r\gh a fold$ seam or sold]$ jo9t4 ,keep ! %e>s well oil$ & h !m %>p5$ by a compet5t me*anic :5 !y become dull4 ,:5 cutt+ n>r[ /rips ( t91 be c>eful n to get ! t9 jamm$ betwe5 ! %e> blades s t ! blades are =c$ ap>t sideways4 ,keep ! bolt tight5$ s t ! blades fit closely toge!r4 ,"o might suppose t cut or burn$ f+]s w\ld be pl5tiful 9 a l>ge class ( t9 toy mak]s1 b su* has n prov$ to be ! case4 ,!re h be5 surpris+ly few accid5ts ( ?is sort & none ( !m at all s]i\s4 ,"o soon le>ns h[ to h&le t9 s z to avoid r\gh or %>p edges & t a sold]+ copp] is provid$ ) an ample h&le s t x may be safely & easily h&l$ :5 hot4 ,"s ( ! /ud5ts f\nd t old kid gloves ) p>ts ( ! f+]s cut (f af=d$ protection to h&s t 7 n us$ to %op "w4 ,a bottle ( iod9e 0 kept h&y & su* slight cuts t 7 enc\nt]$ 7 imm$iately wa%$ ) cold wat] & iod9e appli$ to ! cut :i* 0 !n lightly b&ag$4 ,?is treatm5t prov$ mo/ effective & no ill effects result$4 ,a mixture ( pure l9se$ oil & lime wat] may be obta9$ at any druggi/s & ?is is a v effective rem$y = burns4 ,! solution %\ld be well %ak5 up & appli$ directly to ! burn :i* %\ld !n be b&ag$ ) b&ages wet ) ! mixture4 ,common br[n laundry soap work$ up into a ?ick la!r is an excell5t rem$y = slight burns4 ,c>e & pati5ce us$ 9 h&l+ ! t9 & ! tools w leave v little use = ! above rem$ies 9 ! %op4 ,! v>i\s problems pres5t$ 9 ?is book ( t9 c toys %\ld be work$ out 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y are pres5t$ z ea* "o be>s a def9ite relation to ! o!rs4 ,be sure to "w out ! simpl] problems fir/--ev5 if y h _h consid]able exp]i5ce 9 o!r =ms ( metal work+4 ,a numb] ( processes p>ticul>ly adapt$ to work+ t9 are us$ 9 mak+ t9 c toys4 ,:ile ^! processes are v simple1 !y are some:at unlike ^? involv$ 9 copp] work+ & jewelry mak+1 ?\gh m closely alli$ to ! comm]cial metal "w ( to-day4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,tools ,,& ,,appliances ,,tool ,,li/s ,,& ,,co/s--,,lay+ ,,out ,,& ,,m>k+ ,,(f ,,! ,,"w--,,%op ,,appliances ,9 ?is *apt] ! names & approximate co/s ( ! tools & appliances are giv5 & also sugge/ions z to fitt+ up ! %op = work+ ) ! cans4 ,v>i\s me?ods are sugge/$ = lay+ out ! "w ) ! rul]1 squ>e & divid]s4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t tool prices are n fix$ & t ! prices quot$ 9 ! foll[+ li/s are ! m>ket prices ( to-day1 ,july #bi1 #aiah4 ,at pres5t1 tools are mu* high] 9 price ?an usual ow+ to conditions br\ght ab\t by ! w>4 ,tool prices v>y ) m>ket conditions4 ,! tools li/$ may be b\ght at any good h>dw>e /ore or ord]$ f ! catalogues ( any ( ! l>ge mail ord] h\ses 7except ! ,wood5 ,ro(+ ,fold] & ! ,=m+ ,mallet74 ,:ile ! fold] is n absolutely necess>y = fold+ up angles 9 ! t91 x is mu* bett] to h "o to make ! num]\s angles employ$ 9 t9 "w ?an to attempt fold+ by h&1 & p>ticul>ly :5 long angles are to be made = lant]ns1 t[]s1 automobile *assis & ! l4 ,9 fact1 x is 9 almo/ con/ant use4 ,! wood5 ro(+ fold] is n c>ri$ 9 /ock by h>dw>e & mail ord] h\ses1 b x may be ord]$ f a deal] 9 t9-smi?s' or %eet metal work]s' tools4 ,any good t9n] or plumb] w tell y :]e to ord] "o4 ,! =m+ mallet is easily made f a block ( maple or a piece ( broom h&le z describ$ "u ,%op ,appliances4 ,x is tak5 = grant$ t su* simple tools z rul]s & p5cils are at h&4 ,,li/ ,,( ,,tools ,,= ,,mak+ ,,! ,,simpl] ,,t9 ,,c ,,toys ,,& ,,decorative ,,objects #a sold]+ copp]1 weight #a lb4 7#a lb4 actual weight ( copp] end7 4#ge #a wood5 h&le = copp] 4#aj #a pair t9n]s' %e>s1 #h or #aj in* 4#he #a pair flat-nose pli]s1 #d in* 4#de #a pair r\nd-nose pli]s1 #d in* 4#de #a pair divid]s1 #f in* #a4be #a small rivet+ or tack hamm] 4#dj #a half r\nd file1 smoo? mill$ cut1 #h to #aj in* 4#bj #a wood5 mallet1 #c in* face 4#be #a box ( sold]+ pa/e 4#be #a b> ( s(t sold] #a4be #b lbs4 s(t sold] wire #a4bj #a wood5 =m+ mallet 7home made7 #a wood5 ro(+ fold] 7optional7 #d4ej 7,ro(+ fold] may be obta9$ only f deal] 9 t9n]s' tools47 #a vise 7#c in* jaws7 #c4ej to #e4jj #a try squ>e1 #f in* 4#fe ,mat]ials ,ne$$ ,aside f ! ,cans4--,galvaniz$ wire1 #aj or #ae feet ea* ( ! foll[+ diamet]s3 1 1 1 7if impossible to obta9 all ^! diamet]s1 get in* or l>g]74 ,wire nails1 ab\t lb4 ea* ( ! foll[+ sizes3 #b;d1 #c;d1 #d;d1 #f;d1 #h;d1 #aj;d1 #bj;d 7d is ! abbreviation = p5ny74 ,t9n$ rivets1 sev]al doz5 ( ! smalle/ size 7a box conta9+ "o gross is ab\t z *eap z six doz574 ,c ( lye or #b p\nds ( wa%+ soda4 ,= heat+ ! sold]+ copp]1 a heat] ( "s k9d1 su* z a blue flame k]os5e /ove1 gas furnace or common "o-burn] gas /ove1 *>coal furnace1 or gasol9e plumb]s' tor* ) atta*m5ts = hold+ copp]4 ,a l>ge c or pail1 or an old wa% boil] = hold+ ! hot lye solution4 ,supplem5t>y ,tool ,li/4--,! tools nam$ 9 ?is li/ w be f\nd v conv5i5t = mak+ ! m advanc$ models1 p>ticul>ly ! h& drill & ! twi/ drills :i* are us$ ) ! h& drill4 ,! supplem5t>y tools are by no means necess>y = mak+ ! t9 c toys1 b if "o c af=d to get !m1 !y w be f\nd extremely conv5i5t4 ,h[ev]1 almo/ any ( ! models may be made ) ! tools li/$ on page #bi1 if "o is suffici5tly skillful 9 ! use ( !m4 ,! m "w "o does ) tools ! few] tools "o ne$s if ! tools are intellig5tly us$4 ,! tools 9 bo? li/s %\ld be pur*as$1 if possible1 z !y are all tools commonly us$ 9 metal work+ %ops4 ,pur*ase ! tools li/$ on page #bi fir/ & g z f> z possible ) !m1 & !n pur*ase z _m ( ! supplem5t>y tools z possible :5 y ne$ !m4 ,except :5 not$ o!rwise1 ^! tools may be pur*as$ at any good h>dw>e /ore4 ,,supplem5t>y ,,tool ,,li/ #a h& drill1 capacity to in* drills #a4ge #d twi/ drills1 1 1 1 in* diamet]s 4#aj to 4#bj #a pair l>ge t9n]s' %e>s1 #ab or #af in* #a4ej #a pair curv$ t9n]s' %e>s1 #h in* #a4be #a pair d\ble cutt+ %e>s1 #h in* 7optional7 #a4he #a pair side cutt+ pli]s1 #e in* 4#ge #a pair spr+ divid]s1 #f in* 4#ge #a pair outside calip]s1 #f in* 4#ge 7,spr+ divid]s & outside calip]s may sometimes be obta9$ at ! #e-;&-#aj ,c5t ,/ores47 #a small sold]+ copp]1 weight ab\t #d ounces 4#ce #a half-r\nd file1 #h in*es 7f9e cut7 4#be #a r\nd file1 #h in*es long1 in* diamet] 4#bj #a small cold *isel1 in* 9 wid? at cutt+ edge 4#ae #a l>ge cold *isel1 in* at cutt+ edge 4#be 7,an old wood cutt+ *isel is j z good = cutt+ t947 #c nail sets1 1 1 in* 9 diamet] at po9t1 ea* 4#aj 7,^! nail sets may also be us$ z pun*es or gr\nd to *isel po9ts4 ,small *isels & nail sets may be obta9$ at ! #e-;&-#aj ,c5t ,/ores47 #a c>p5t]s' scrat* awl 4#be 7,an ice pick ( ! same type w d z well47 #f small clamps ( diff]5t sizes 4#aj to 4#be 7,^! clamps may usually be f\nd at ! #e-;&-#aj ,c5t ,/ores47 #a hat*et /ake1 #i-;in* blade #a4ge 7,obta9$ only f t9n]s' & %eet metal work]s' supply h\ses4 ,a small sub/itute may be made f a #aj-;c5t hat*et4 ,pur*ase ! hat*et /ake if y c af=d x47 #a b5* drill #g4ej 7,! b5* drill is by no means necess>y = any ( ! models describ$ 9 ?is book1 b x is a v conv5i5t tool to h 9 ! %op4 ,) ?is tool1 a hole may always be bor$ at "r angles to ! "w4 ,! h& drill w answ] e purpose if "o _c af=d ?is tool47 ,lay+ ,out & ,m>k+ ,(f ! ,"w4--,be=e attempt+ to beg9 actual "w ) ! cans1 x may be well to consid] v>i\s ways ( measur+ to c]ta9 dim5sions & transf]r+ ^! measurem5ts to ! surface ( ! t91 & lay+ out & m>k+ (f ! "w = cutt+1 fold+1 etc4 ,! tools ne$$ = ?is "w are few & simple4 ,a rul]1 a m>k+ awl1 a small try squ>e1 & a pair ( spr+ divid]s are all "o ne$s = ?is "p ( ! "w4 ,! rul] may be ( wood or metal & %\ld be at lea/ #ab in*es 9 l5g? ) ! in* divisions m>k$ on x4 ,a pla9 /raight rule ( h>d wood su* z is us$ 9 ! grade s*ools w d v well4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vi ,! tools ne$$ = t9 c toy mak+ ,! m>k+ awl may be pur*as$ at any good tool h\se or h>dw>e /ore or an ice pick w d v well if %>p5$ to a good po9t s t a l9e may be easily scrat*$ 9 ! surface ( ! t9 ) ! po9t4 ,a l>ge /iff ne$le may be =c$ 9 a p5 h&le to make an excell5t m>k+ awl or a common /eel knitt+ ne$le may be us$ if ! po9t is suffici5tly %>p4 ,metal work]s always scrat* _! dim5sion l9es 9 ! surface ( ! metal z p5cil l9es are easily rubb$ away by ! h&s :5 work+ ) ! metal4 ,! try squ>e %\ld be ab\t six in*es long at ! blade or measur+ side1 & %\ld be entirely con/ruct$ ( metal & ! measur+ blade %\ld be m>k$ (f 9 in*es & fractions !re(4 ,good try squ>es may frequ5tly be pur*as$ 9 ! #e & #aj c5t /ores & ^! are q accurate en\gh = ! purpose4 ,! spr+ divid]s %\ld be ab\t #f in*es 9 l5g?4 ,^! divid]s are held op5 by ! /rong spr+ 9 ! top & are op5$ & clos$ by a nut act+ on ! screw ?read4 ,d n pur*ase ! heavy divid]s or compass commonly us$ by c>p5t]s z ^! are n z capable ( ! small adju/m5ts z are ! spr+ divid]s4 ,! spr+ divid]s may sometimes be f\nd at ! #e & #aj c5t /ores & may always be f\nd at good h>dw>e /ores & tool h\ses4 ,all ! tools us$ = lay+ out & m>k+ (f ! "w are pla9ly %[n 7,plate ,,vi74 ,lay+ ,out ,"w4--,x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t a little "t sp5t 9 c>efully measur+1 lay+ out & m>k+ (f ! "w w make a great diff]5ce 9 ! f9i%$ appe>ance ( t "w1 s t ^! simple op]ations %\ld n be slight$4 ,! /eel squ>e %\ld always be us$ 9 lay+ out rectangul> "w3 l9es t are suppos$ to be at "r angles or 8squ>e40 ,"w t is n c>efully laid out or squ>e w n fit toge!r neatly if x fits at all4 ,"o ( ! fir/ ?+s t "o has to d 9 ! t9 c "w is to trim up a piece ( t9 t is tak5 f ! side ( a c & flatt5$ out4 ,suppose t su* a piece ( t9 has be5 cut f a c & flatt5$ out1 ! edges ( su* a piece ( t9 are r jagg$ & ! :ole piece %\ld be trimm$ (f squ>e be=e try+ to use ! t9 = v>i\s purposes4 ,fir/ place ! rul] z ne> to ! upp] edge ( ! t9 z possible & s z n to include any ( ! jagg$ cuts4 ,hold ! rul] d[n firmly & draw ! po9t ( ! m>k+ awl along ! edge ( ! rul] until a /raight l9e is scrat*$ along ! edge ( ! t94 ,! surplus t9 above ?is l9e %\ld be cut away ) ! metal %e>s by cutt+ along f "r to left s t ! n>r[ & jagg$ /rip ( t9 is curl$ up out ( ! way by ! %e>s z x is cut4 ,:5 ! surplus t9 is cut away y %\ld h a /raight clean edge at :i* to beg9 ! m>k+ op]ations4 ,us+ ! ,try ,squ>e4--,next1 ! two ends ( ! piece ( t9 %\ld be squ>$ (f us+ ! try squ>e = squ>+ up ! ends z foll[s3 ,place ! heavy solid "p ( ! squ>e firmly aga9/ ! fre%ly cut /raight edge ( ! t91 ne> "o end 9 su* a mann] t ! blade ( ! squ>e ) ! in* divisions m>k$ on x lays squ>ely across ! t91 & z ne> z possible to ! end ( ! piece b n includ+ any ( ! jagg$ cuts4 ,! position ( ! squ>e is %[n 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,:5 ! squ>e is 9 position1 m>k a l9e across ! t9 ) ! scrat* awl held closely to ! blade4 ,cut away ! extra t9 & y h two sides ( y\r piece ( t9 squ>$4 ,proce$ 9 ! same mann] to trim (f ! o!r end4 ,! rema9+ or long side ( ! piece may be squ>$ up ei!r by us+ ! rul] or ! spr+ divid]s4 ,! /rip ( t9 t y h squ>$ up on ?ree sides w probably be n>r[] at "o end ?an at ! o!r4 ,measure ! wid? ( ! n>r[ end ) ! rul] & !n measure (f ?is same di/ance at ! opposite end & m>k x ) ! scrat* awl4 ,use ! rul] to connect ! two measur+ po9ts & scrat* a l9e 9 ! t9 by draw+ ! scrat* awl along ! edge ( ! rul]4 ,cut away ! surplus t9 & y\r piece ( t9 %\ld be squ>$4 ,! spr+ divid]s may be op5$ s t ! po9ts re/ exactly on ea* corn] ( ! n>r[e/ end ( ! /rips ( t94 ,!n ! divid]s are mov$ to ! opposite end ( ! /rip & ! l[] end or po9t ( ! divid]s mov$ back & =? slightly until a slight scrat* is made 9 ! surface ( ! t9 to indicate ! measur+ po9t4 ,! position ( ! divid]s is %[n 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,! rul] is us$ to connect ! two measur+ po9ts & a l9e scrat*$ betwe5 !m4 ,small /rips ( t9 may be m>k$ (f entirely by ! divid]s by sett+ ! divid]s to ! requir$ dim5sion1 plac+ ! divid]s s t "o po9t re/s aga9/ "o edge ( ! /rip to be m>k$ (f & !n draw+ ! divid]s along 9 su* a mann] t ! po9t ( ! divid]s t re/s on ! t9 w scrat* a l9e p>allel to ! edge4 ,! edge ( ! t9 t ! po9t ( ! divid]s re/s aga9/ mu/1 ( c\rse1 be cut /raight be=e beg9n+ ! m>k+ op]ations4 ,! /rip ?us m>k$ (f may be cut away & ano!r "o m>k$ (f 9 ! same mann] until ! requir$ numb] ( /rips is cut4 ,suppose t f\r /rips are to be cut1 ea* /rip to measure "o by t5 in*es4 ,squ>e up a piece ( t9 to measure f\r by t5 in*es4 ,op5 ! divid]s s t ! po9ts are exactly "o in* ap>t4 ,re/ "o po9t ( ! divid]s aga9/ "o edge ( ! t9 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #b & draw x along ! entire l5g? ( ! t9 s z to scrat* a l9e p>allel to ! edge4 ,cut (f ?is /rip1 tak+ c>e to make a /raight cut & !n m>k (f ano!r /rip & cut x (f1 & s on until all f\r /rips are cut4 ,?is me?od ( us+ ! divid]s = m>k+ is m accurate & mu* easi] ?an t ( us+ a rul] to measure (f ea* /rip1 & c]ta9ly m rapid4 ,f9d+ ,:eel ,c5t]s ) ! ,divid]s4--,:5 mak+ :eels ( t9 cans1 "s easy me?od mu/ be us$ to f9d ! c5t] ( ! :eel 9 ord] to pun* or bore a hole = ! axle s t ! axle may be plac$ z ne> ! c5t] ( ! :eel z possible1 & s t ! :eel w run true once x is plac$ on ! axle4 ,! divid]s may be us$ = ?is op]ation :i* is v simple4 ,! c is fir/ made up into :eel =m z describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,x1 page #ajh4 ,:5 ! :eel is sold]$ toge!r lay x flat on ! b5*4 ,op5 ! divid]s s t "o po9t re/s aga9/ ! rim ( ! :eel or aga9/ ! roll$ edge ( ! c =m+ ! rim ( ! :eel4 ,if ! :eel is made ( a c t has a cap sold]$ on ea* end & ?is cap =ms ! end ( ! c 7su* z ! small cans t are us$ = evaporat$ milk71 !n ! "o leg ( ! divid]s may be re/$ 9 ! slight l9e or depression j inside ! rim t is inv>iably f\nd 9 ?is c4 ,op5 ! divid]s s t ! o!r po9t re/s z ne> ! c5t] z y c guess x4 ,:5 ! divid]s are set to dim5sion & are 9 position on ! :eel z %[n 9 ,fig4 #c1 !n move ! po9t ( ! divid]s t is ne> ! c5t] ( ! :eel slightly back & =? s t x describes a slight arc & scrat*es x 9 ! surface ( ! c & ! o!r po9t ( ! divid] is held at ! po9t ne> ! rim ( ! :eel dur+ ?is op]ation4 ,!n move ! divid]s directly across ! :eel /ill set at ! same dim5sion1 plac+ "o po9t aga9/ ! rim or 9 ! depress$ l9e & describ+ a slight arc 9 ! t9 z be=e4 ,set ! divid]s at "r angles to ! fir/ two m>k+ po9ts hav+ ! divid]s /ill op5$ to ! same dim5sion z at fir/ & describe ano!r arc4 ,set ! divid]s directly across f ?is po9t & describe ano!r arc4 ,! :eel %\ld !n resemble ,fig4 #d1 ! f\r arcs =m+ sort ( a pill[ %ape z %[n4 ,draw l9es diametrically across connect+ ea* corn] ( ! pill[ z %[n & :]e ^! l9es cross is ! c5t] ( ! :eel4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,if "o is s =tunate z to possess a tool call$ a surface gauge1 x w be f\nd v h&y = m>k+ or scrib+ l9es p>allel to ! base ( cans4 ,?is tool consi/s ( a base ( metal 9 :i* is fix$ an upright po/ also ( metal4 ,an adju/able scrib] or ne$le is fix$ to ?is po/ s t x may be l[]$ or rais$ & set 9 position z desir$4 ,! po9t is adju/$ to ! requir$ height & plac$ aga9/ ! side ( ! c or surface to be m>k$1 ! op]ation be+ conduct$ on a flat level surface4 ,! c is simply turn$ aga9/ ! fix$ scrib] po9t until x is entirely m>k$ ar\nd4 ,! advantage ( ! surface gauge ov] ! divid]s = ?is op]ation is t ! scrib] po9t is held rigidly at a fix$ dim5sion above ! base ( ! c :ile ! divid]s mu/ be held firmly 9 place by ! h&4 ,h[ev]1 ! divid]s w d v well = ?is op]ation aft] a little practice4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,,%op ,,appliances ,homemade ,sub/itutes = ,exp5sive ,tools4--,! tool ( fir/ importance 9 any metal work+ %op is a good vise4 ,!re is no sub/itute = ?is tool & a good "o t measures ?ree or ?ree & a half in*es across ! jaws %\ld be pur*as$ f a reliable tool deal]4 ,! next tool ( importance is "s =m ( anvil or anvils = flatt5+ or r\nd+ ! t94 ,a small b5* anvil may be pur*as$ f ! tool deal]4 ,^! are mu* l a blacksmi?'s anvil ) a flat face & a conical horn & are made ( iron & /eel4 ,! l>ge mail ord] h\ses (f] v>i\s small anvils ( ca/ iron = f>m use & ^! are excell5t = ! t9 %op4 ,excell5t sub/itutes = ^! anvils are easily made f old flat irons & pieces ( gas or wat] pipe4 ,%ort l5g?s ( iron & /eel b>s may be pick$ up ab\t any junk pile1 & ^! are v useful to =m ! t9 ov]4 ,! ,flat ,iron ,anvil4--,an old flat iron1 ! k9d ) ! h&le atta*$1 may be f\nd ab\t almo/ any h\sehold4 ,! h&le %\ld be brok5 (f z close to ! top ( ! iron z possible4 ,use a hamm] & cold *isel = ?is & cut ! h&le ends deeply all ar\nd :]e !y jo9 ! iron4 ,:5 !y are deeply nick$1 sev]al %>p bl[s f a l>ge hamm] %\ld break ! h&le away4 ,file away all r\ghness until ! iron w set level ) ! smoo? or iron+ face upp]mo/4 ,!n y h an excell5t flat h>d surface = /raight5+ out t9 or wire4 ,pipe & ,b> ,anvils4--,%ort l5g?s ( iron pipe1 r\nd & squ>e iron & /eel b>s ( v>i\s diamet]s may be held 9 ! vise jaws & us$ to =m ! "w ov]4 ,l>ge wire nails may also be us$ = ?is purpose4 ,! small] sizes1 su* z 1 1 or in* 9 diamet]1 %\ld be solid iron or /eel b>s #h or #aj in*es 9 l5g?1 z small pipe cru%es & b5ds r easily 9 ! vise4 ,l>g] sizes1 su* z 1 1 #a or #b in*es 9 diamet]1 are bett] made ( pipe z !y are light] & easi] to h&le & also easi] to obta94 ,get all ! sizes sugge/$ if possible & z _m %ort pieces ( squ>e or flat b>s z y f9d conv5i5t to /ore away ab\t ! %op4 ,!y w come 9 v usefully = b5d+ or =m+ op]ations4 ,! me?od ( hold+ !m 9 ! vise is pla9ly %[n on page #hi1 ,fig4 #bf4 ,if y h pl5ty ( b5* room & are h&y ) tools1 sev]al ( ! mo/ us$ sizes ( pipe & b>s may be clamp$ or bolt$ directly to ! b5* ) wood5 or metal hold+ /rips4 ,! l>g] sizes1 su* z 1 #a1 #a1 #b & #c in*es 9 diamet]1 w be f\nd v conv5i5t if fa/5$ to ! b5* 9 ?is mann]4 ,! ,b5*4--,! %op b5* %\ld be ab\t #ca in*es 9 height4 ,! top ( ! b5* %\ld be ab\t #b by #f feet or l>g] if possible1 & may easily be built by any "o famili> ) tools4 ,! top %\ld be made ( maple ab\t #a in*es ?ick4 ,if "o _c af=d ?is b5* a common kit*5 table makes an excell5t sub/itute4 ,a good /rong table ( ?is sort may be pur*as$ at any h\se-furni%+ /ore4 ,^! tables are furni%$ ) a l>ge draw] 9 :i* small tools may be kept4 ,if mu* ( ! t9 "w is done1 x w prove advantage\s to h "s light wood5 %elves or racks built ab\t ! walls ( ! %op to /ore ! v>i\s siz$ cans :]e !y may be easily se5 & rea*$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4 ,! ,=m+ ,mallet4--,! special =m+ mallet design$ by ! au?or w h to be made4 ,x 0 design$ especially = "w ) ! t9 cans4 ,x is v simple & easily made ( maple by any c>p5t]4 ,"o end is a slightly r\nd$ dome %ape & ! o!r is 9 ! =m ( a blunt w$ge4 ,! dim5sions & g5]al %ape ( ! mallet are %[n 9 ,fig4 #e4 ,! h&le may be made ( a piece ( -in* d[el rod4 ,a sub/itute = ?is mallet may be made ( a piece ( broom h&le ! end ( :i* is already r\nd$ to ab\t ! prop] curve4 ,measure (f #d in*es f ! r\nd$ end ( ! broom h&le & saw x (f4 ,bore a -in* hole ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! piece to fit ! piece ( d[el rod us$ = ! h&le4 ,:ittle d[n ! end to a blunt w$ge %ape leav+ x ab\t in* ?ick at ! end4 ,! r\nd$ end may be left z x is4 ,a piece ( -in* maple d[el may be pick$ up 9 any c>p5t] %op4 ,?is %\ld be #h in*es long4 ,x %\ld be driv5 into ! hole drill$ = x 9 ! mallet1 tak+ c>e n to split ! mallet 9 s do+4 ,if ! broom h&le is r small 9 diamet] x w\ld probably be bett] to use a piece ( -or -in* d[el = ! h&le4 ,a small nail or brad may be driv5 ?r\gh ! mallet & h&le to secure x 9 place4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,mak+ ,a ,,biscuit ,,cutt] ,,f ,a ,,small ,,c ,,cutt+ ,,! ,,c ,,to ,,size ,,= ,,biscuit ,,cutt]--,,pun*+ ,a ,,hole ,,9 ,,t9--,,=m+ ,,! ,,h&le--,,fold+--,,mak+ ,a ,,sug> ,,scoop ,,by ,,! ,,same ,,me?od ,a biscuit cutt] is ab\t ! simple/ ?+ t may be made f a t9 c4 ,x is an excell5t ?+ to beg9 ) z x is s simple & involves ?ree v ess5tial op]ations 9 ! t9 c "w3 cutt+ ! c to size1 =m+ ! h&le1 & la/ly1 sold]+ 7see ,plate ,,vii1 a74 ,select a good bright1 clean c ab\t #b in*es 9 diamet]2 a bak+ p[d] c or a small s\p c w d4 ,t9 cans are usually made up 9 two ways4 ,"o me?od is to sold] on flang$ ends1 su* z cond5s$ or evaporat$ milk cans1 & ! o!r me?od is to roll ! edges ( ! c toge!r at ea* end1 us+ no sold]4 ,:5 look$ at closely1 ! two diff]5t types ( c are easily told ap>t4 ,a roll$ rim c %\ld be us$ = ! biscuit cutt] z x is /rong] ?an ! c ) ! sold]$ ends4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vii ,biscuit cutt]s made by ! au?or ,sold]+ ,cutt+ ! ,c to ,size = ,biscuit ,cutt]4--,! biscuit cutt] %\ld be ab\t in* deep at ! cutt+ edge4 ,set ! divid]s to ?is dim5sion & proce$ to scribe a l9e ar\nd ! c p>allel to ! base & in* above ! roll$ rim ( ! bottom4 ,?is simple scrib+ op]ation is describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,i1 page #bb4 ,! me?od ( cutt+ into ! c & ar\nd ! scrib$ l9e is v simple & is also describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,i4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4 ,:5 y h cut ! c d[n to ! requir$ dim5sion1 x %\ld appe> z %[n 9 ,fig4 #f4 ,! biscuit cutt] may be slightly out ( %ape aft] ! cutt+ op]ation1 b ?is may be easily rem$i$ by plac+ ! biscuit cutt] on a small r\nd anvil held 9 ! vise & by tapp+ x g5tly ) a flat wood5 mallet1 turn+ ! cutt] sl[ly ar\nd on ! anvil dur+ ! hamm]+ z %[n 9 ,fig4 #g4 ,be sure to turn ! biscuit cutt] sl[ly ar\nd & ar\nd ! anvil z x is hamm]$ ) ! mallet4 ,x w soon become r\nd if hamm]$ g5tly4 ,next take a small flat file1 "o ) v f9e tee?1 usually call$ a smoo? mill$ file1 & ) ?is smoo? d[n any r\ghness left by ! metal %e>s at ! edge ( ! biscuit cutt]4 ,! me?od ( us+ ! file is %[n 9 ,fig4 #h4 ,x %\ld be held lightly aga9/ ! "w :5 fil+4 7,nev] try to file a piece ( t9 ) a l>ge or r\ghly too!d file z ! co>se tee? w cat* on ! t9 & te> or b5d x out ( %ape47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h4 ,d n try to file ! edge ( ! cutt] to a knife f9e edge2 simply file away ! metal rais$ by ! %e>s :5 cutt+4 ,if x is cleanly cut & fil$ to ! orig9al ?ickness ( ! t91 x w cut biscuit d\gh v well1 z ! t9 is ?94 ,pun*+ a ,hole 9 ,t94--,a hole %\ld be pun*$ 9 ! top ( ! biscuit cutt] to admit air1 z ! biscuit d\gh is apt to /ick 9 ! cutt] by ! vacuum =m$ unless an air v5t is provid$4 ,a small hole ab\t in* 9 diamet] w d1 b a s]ies ( su* holes may be pun*$ 9 if desir$4 ,a pun* may be fil$ up f a wire nail or a regul> pun* or nail set may be us$4 ,! biscuit cutt] is plac$ ov] ! end ( a block ( wood held 9 a vise z %[n 9 ,fig4 #i1 9 su* a mann] t ! top ( ! cutt] re/s directly on ! wood4 ,! pun* is plac$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! cutt]1 c>e be+ tak5 to see t ! wood5 block supports ! t9 directly "u ! pun*1 & !n ! pun* is /ruck lightly ) ! hamm] until x cuts ?r\gh ! t94 ,x may be well to try ! pun* on a scrap ( t9 to te/ x4 ,a clean r\nd hole %\ld result4 ,! pun* cuts out a t9y disk ( t9 & drives x into ! wood4 ,! end gra9 ( a wood5 block %\ld always be us$ = pun*+ on4 ,if a nail is us$ = a pun*1 ! orig9al po9t %\ld be fil$ away4 ,nail po9ts are usually made 9 ! =m ( a squ>e pyramid & if ^! po9ts are driv5 into a piece ( t9 a jagg$ hole w result2 su* a hole may be us$ = mak+ a grat] = ! kit*51 b all o!r holes %\ld be r\nd & smoo?4 ,to file up a nail = a pun* proce$ z foll[s3 ,place ! nail v]tically 9 ! vise jaws s t ! po9t projects slightly above ! jaws4 ,file ! po9t entirely away until y are fil+ ! entire diamet] ( ! nail & squ>ely across x4 ,!n r$uce ! diamet] ( ! nail at ! end y h be5 fil+ by fil+ smoo?ly ar\nd x z %[n at ,a1 ,fig4 #aj4 ,see t ! edge ,b is clean & %>p & ! nail pun* is ready = use4 ,! nail us$ = a pun* %\ld always be some:at l>g] 9 diamet] ?an ! pun*+ po9t1 z ?is w provide = a /rong] pun* & "o n s likely to b5d4 ,regul> pun*es are usually made mu* ?ick] 9 ! body ?an at ! po9t1 z may be easily se5 by look+ at "o4 ,if desir$1 pun*es may easily be made f nails to cut r\nd1 squ>e1 or triangul> holes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #i4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj4 ,x is mu* bett] to pur*ase a regul> pun* or pun*es = pun*+ r\nd holes1 z ^! may be pur*as$ = #aj or #ae c5ts at almo/ any h>dw>e or #e-;&-#aj c5t /ore4 ,sev]al diff]5t sizes w prove useful1 1 1 in*es 9 diamet] be+ ! mo/ us$ sizes4 ,z ^! pun*es are made ( h>d5$ /eel !y hold _! edges = a long "t1 b nails are made ( a fairly s(t /eel & :5 us$ z pun*es h to be frequ5tly fil$ %>p4 ,=m+ ! ,h&le4--,aft] ! hole is pun*$ 9 ! top ( ! biscuit cutt]1 a suitable h&le is ! next ?+ to be made4 ,?is h&le may be made f ! piece ( t9 cut away :5 cutt+ d[n ! c = ! biscuit cutt]4 ,cut away any r\gh or jagg$ edges & !n place ?is piece ( t9 on ! b5* or a flat anvil surface & flatt5 x out ) light mallet /rokes4 ,heavy /rokes ) a mallet w d5t ! t94 ,trim away all r\gh edges includ+ ! roll$ edge at ! top & squ>e up ! piece ( t9 z describ$ on page #cd1 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,m>k (f a /rip ( t9 #a in*es 9 wid? & #d in*es long4 ,cut ?is /rip out & be sure t x is squ>e at ! ends4 ,op5 ! divid]s & set ! divid] po9ts in* ap>t & scribe a l9e in* inside ea* ( ! long sides ( ! /rip4 ,! edges ( ! /rip ( t9 ?us m>k$ (f mu/ be turn$ or fold$ 9 s t ! edges ( ! h&le w be /r5g!n$ & w n cut ! h&4 ,^! edges may be fold$ ov] ) a mallet or by ! use ( a fold+ ma*9e4 ,! mallet %\ld be us$ = ?is fir/ fold+ op]ation2 ! fold+ ma*9e & its use w be describ$ fur!r along 9 ! book1 page #abj1 ,*apt] ,,xi4 ,to fold ! edges ov] ) ! mallet1 proce$ z foll[s3 ,secure a block ( h>d wood1 maple pref]r$1 ! block to be ab\t #c in*es squ>e & #f in*es 9 l5g?4 ,see to x t ! block is cut cleanly & squ>ely across s t ! edges at ! end are %>p & at "r angles4 ,a maple block ( ?is sort may usually be pick$ up at any lumb] y>d or c>p5t] %op1 or a maple log may be secur$ f ! wood pile & trimm$ up squ>e4 ,"o end ( ! block may be us$ to pun* on4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa;a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa;b4 ,! block is held 9 ! vise z illu/rat$ 9 ,fig4 #aa & ! t9 to be fold$ is held on ! block 9 su* a mann] t ! l9e m>k+ ! fold is ov] ! edge ( ! block4 ,use ei!r a light wood5 mallet or ! special =m+ mallet1 & ) light bl[s proce$ to b5d d[n at ! edge & up to ! l9e z illu/rat$ 9 ,fig4 #aa1 a4 ,beg9 at "o end & "w along ! l9e to ! o!r end ( ! /rip ( t94 ,d n try to turn ! t9 d[n at a "r angle at once or 9 "o place & !n proce$ to turn x d[n at ano!r1 b r hamm] lightly along ! :ole l5g? at ! m>k+ l9e1 turn+ ! t9 d[n at a slight angle f ! l9e to ! edge & !n go+ back & />t+ to hamm] :]e y began1 turn+ ! t9 d[n at a great] angle & s on until y h turn$ ! edge at "r angles z %[n 9 ,fig4 #aa1 b4 ,always b5d t9 ov] v g5tly & ev5ly1 nev] =c+ x viol5tly into place4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ab4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ac4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ad4 ,rev]se ! /rip ( t9 on ! block s t ! "p j fold$ /&s v]tically at ! edge ( ! block z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ab4 ,hamm] ! edge ( ! t9 g5tly ov] s t x folds back on itself z %[n by ! dott$ l9e 9 ,fig4 #ab4 ,d n hamm] ! t9 d[n h>d at ! fold$ edge s t x becomes ?9 & %>p ?\gh d\bl$4 ,x %\ld be r\nd$ ov] s z to give a r\nd$ edge4 ,a r\nd$ fold is mu* /rong] ?an a %>p ?9 "o4 ,:5 "o edge is completely fold$ ov]1 fold d[n ! o!r 9 ! same mann]1 s t bo? edges ( ! h&le = ! biscuit cutt] appe> z 9 ,fig4 #ac4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ae4 ,:5 y h successfully turn$ or fold$ ov] ! edges to y\r satisfaction1 !n proce$ to give ! :ole h&le a semi-circul> =m4 ,place a l>ge r\nd wood5 mallet or a piece ( #a or #b-;in* pipe 9 ! vise to use z a =m ov] :i* to r\nd ! h&le4 ,! fold$ "p %\ld be inside or next ! mallet or pipe =m %[n 9 ,fig4 #ad4 ,press ! t9 d[n to ! =m ) ! palm ( ! h& s z to r\nd x into %ape2 x may be completely =m$ into %ape by ?is me?od or ! r\nd$ end ( ! special =m+ mallet may be us$ to hamm] x into %ape if ! t9 %\ld k9k dur+ ! b5d+4 ,! mallet bl[s %\ld be direct$ t[>d ! c5t] ( ! /rip s z n to ?9 ! edges too mu*4 ,r\nd ! h&le ov] until ! ends re/ inside ! roll$ rim ( ! c or biscuit cutt] & y are ready to sold] ! h&le 9 place4 ,z ! sold]+ is ! mo/ important "p ( ! t9 "w ! next two *apt]s are devot$ to x4 ,! ,sug> ,scoop4--,a useful sug> or fl\r scoop may be easily made f a small or l>ge c 9 exactly ! same mann] z ! biscuit cutt]1 except t ! c is cut (f slant+ in/ead ( squ>e1 ,fig4 #ae4 ,! edges ( ! scoop %\ld n be turn$ or fold$ b %\ld be left z cut s z to =m a %>p cutt+ edge t w easily ent] sug> or fl\r4 ,! h&le is %ap$ 9 exactly ! same mann] z t ( ! biscuit cutt]4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,sold]+ ,,s(t ,,sold]--,,%eet ,,t9--,,! ,,process ,,( ,,sold]+--,,heat+ ,,app>atus--,,electrical ,,sold]+ ,,copp]s--,,! ,,common ,,sold]+ ,,copp]--,,fluxes--,,t9n+ ,,! ,,copp]--,,heat+ ,s(t ,sold]4--,:5 two or m pieces ( metal are jo9$ toge!r ) a metallic cem5t1 !y are said to be sold]$4 ,%eet t91 ( :i* cans are con/ruct$1 is always sold]$ ) s(t sold]1 a mixture ( lead & t91 usually #ej p] c5t4 lead & #ej p] c5t4 t94 ,?is sold] is usually suppli$ 9 wire or b> =m at any h>dw>e or electrical supply h\se4 ,copp]1 brass1 bronze1 iron1 silv]1 gold1 & practically any metal except alum9um may be sold]$ ) s(t sold]4 ,%eet ,t94--,%eet t91 s-call$1 really consi/s ( a ?9 %eet ( iron coat$ on bo? sides ) t94 ,?is coat+ ( t9 s]ves sev]al purposes4 ,x enables ! sold] to adh]e easily2 x prev5ts ! iron f ru/+2 & :5 ! %eet t9 is made up into c =m1 ! t9 coat+ protects ! cont5ts ( ! c f *emical action on ! iron4 ,! ,process ( ,sold]+4--,s(t sold] is appli$ to ! metal to be sold]$ 9 a molt5 /ate & ?is op]ation requires consid]able heat4 ,:5 heat is appli$ to metal x usually oxidizes t metal2 t is1 dirties x4 ,sold] w n adh]e to oxidiz$ metal4 ,! metal mu/ be protect$ ) a coat+ call$ a flux :ile be+ sold]$4 ,sold]+ pa/e1 sold]+ fluid or 8kill$ acid10 res91 p>aff91 heavy oils1 & vasel9e all s]ve z fluxes1 "s bett] ?an o!rs4 ,! sold]+ pa/e is by f> ! be/1 z w be %[n lat]4 ,s(t sold] is appli$ to ! t91 on ! po9t ( a hot sold]+ copp]1 (t5 wrongly call$ a 8sold]+ iron40 ,a sold]+ copp] consi/s ( a po9t$ b> ( copp] suitably fix$ to an iron %ank :i* is firmly set 9 a wood5 h&le4 ,! po9t ( ! copp] mu/ be well coat$ ) sold] or 8t9n$10 s t :5 x is heat$ x w pick up ! sold] & convey x to ! jo9t to be sold]$4 ,! hot copp]1 *>g$ ) sold]1 is pass$ sl[ly along ! jo9t & z ! t9 to be sold]$ receives en\gh heat f ! copp]1 ! sold] leaves ! copp] & adh]es to ! t91 firmly unit+ x4 ,heat+ ,app>atus4--,"s =m ( heat+ app>atus is necess>y to heat & ma9ta9 ! sold]+ copp] at ! melt+ or fl[+ po9t ( ! sold]4 ,! copp] may be heat$ 9 a gas furnace especially made = sold]+ copp]s1 or ov] an ord9>y gas /ove burn] or a common blue flame oil /ove1 or a *>coal fire1 a wood fire burn$ d[n to emb]s1 or a plumb]s' gasol9e tor*1 b nev] 9 a coal fire4 ,coal conta9s too mu* sulphur :i* oxidizes ! copp] & r5d]s x useless = sold]+ purposes4 ,! ,blue ,flame ,oil ,/ove4--,= heat+ ! copp]s 9 my c\ntry %op1 ,i use a blue flame oil /ove1 "o ( ! less exp5sive sort1 ) ! asbe/os r+ wick & ! %ort removable *imneys4 ,! /ove has two burn]s & w heat f f\r to six copp]s at once4 ,! flames may be regulat$ nicely s z to give j ! requir$ am\nt ( heat & ?is /ove consumes v little k]os5e1 &1 !re=e1 co/s little to op]ate4 ,9 ,fig4 #af1 x w be notic$ t !re is a curv$ hood ov] ea* /ove hole4 ,^! hoods may be easily made f "p ( a l>ge c or ( a piece ( t9 or %eet iron b5t into %ape4 ,^! hoods cons]ve ! heat & ?r[ x ab\t ! copp]s4 ,i also place a piece ( heavy wire nett+ ov] ! grat+ ( ! /ove holes to support ! copp]s & to p]mit _! be+ laid to "o side1 out ( ! int5se heat1 :5 n imm$iately ne$$4 ,! blue flame oil /ove =ms ! mo/ satisfactory arrangem5t = heat+ copp]s t ,i h ev] us$ 9 ! c\ntry4 ,^! /oves are easily tak5 c>e ( & are und]/ood by almo/ ev]yone4 ,! directions %\ld be nail$ up alongside ! /ove & c>efully foll[$1 p>ticul>ly z to clean+ ! burn]s once or twice ea* season4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #af4 ,! ,gasol9e ,tor*4--,! plumb]s' gasol9e tor* is (t5 us$ by exp]i5c$ metal work]s = heat+ copp]s4 ,9 inexp]i5c$ h&s1 ?is tor* is r a dang]\s affair4 ,only "o copp] may be heat$ at a "t & x is difficult n to ov]heat ! copp] 9 ! fi]ce ro>+ flame4 ,! co/ ( ! tor* & ! co/ ( op]at+ x are bo? great] ?an ! blue flame k]os5e /ove4 ,h[ev]1 9 exp]i5c$ h&s1 x is safe en\gh & v useful ab\t ! %op4 ,9 us+ su* a tor* ! directions %\ld be mo/ c>efully foll[$2 all jo9ts1 fill] op5+s1 etc41 mu/ be airtight :5 op]at+ or a disa/r\s fire or explosion may result4 ,! t9y jet op5+ 9 ! burn] mu/ be kept clean4 ,! ,gas ,furnace4--,9 my w9t] %op 9 ! city :]e gas is available1 ,i use ! gas furnace %[n 9 ,fig4 #af4 ,?is is a mo/ satisfactory & widely us$ heat] = sold]+ copp]s1 z x gives an int5se blue flame t may be easily regulat$4 ,:5 us+ a heat] ( ?is sort1 "o mu/ be sure t x is light$ correctly or a smoky yell[ flame w result4 ,to produce a blue flame1 air mu/ be mix$ ) ! gas2 j z x is 9 a buns5 burn] or an ord9>y gas /ove1 = t matt]4 ,gas is admitt$ to ! furnace ?r\gh a small nozzle at ! end ( ! mix+ flue ne> ! rubb] hose connection4 ,air is admitt$ 9 ! slot "u ! gas nozzle2 a movable slide encircles ! mix+ flue ov] ! slot to control ! am\nt ( air admitt$4 ,?is slide mu/ be tightly clos$ ov] ! air v5t :5 ! gas is fir/ turn$ on4 ,to light ! heat]1 close ! air inlet tightly1 turn ! gas on full & apply a light$ mat* to ! burn]4 ,a yell[ flame w result4 ,n[ op5 ! air v5t sl[ly1 by pu%+ ! slide =w>d a little way4 ,! flame w *ange f yell[ to blue & purple z air is admitt$4 ,:5 ! flame is blue1 x is giv+ out ! mo/ heat & is 9 ! be/ condition to heat ! copp]4 ,if ! flame fires back & lights ! gas at ! brass nozzle ov] ! air inlet1 ! gas %\ld be turn$ (f until ! flame disappe>s4 ,! air inlet is !n clos$1 & ! gas turn$ on & light$1 & !n ! air inlet is sl[ly op5$ until ! flame turns blue4 ,:5 ! furnace is 9 use1 x %\ld be look$ at occasionally to see t ! flame has n fir$ back to ! nozzle4 ,once satisfactorily light$1 ! heat] may be turn$ up or d[n z ne$$4 ,if ! flame is turn$ d[n v l[ ! air inlet may h to be clos$ a bit to prev5t ! flame f fir+ back4 ,! copp] is plac$ on ! re/ provid$ = x ov] ! flame4 ,aft] ! copp] is heat$ to ! fl[+ po9t ( sold]1 ! flame may be turn$ d[n or ! copp] plac$ to "o side ( ! flame1 s t x does n get too hot4 ,*>coal & ,wood ,fires4--,:5 us+ a *>coal or a wood fire1 ! copp] %\ld be plac$ at ! bottom among ! emb]s4 ,small *>coal furnaces us$ = heat+ sold]+ copp]s may be b\ght f ! deal] 9 plumb]s' supplies4 ,*>coal %\ld n be burn$ 9 a clos$ room z ! fumes are deadly unless all[$ pl5ty ( con/antly *ang+ air4 ,^! furnaces may be connect$ ) a *imney or burn$ 9 a room ) w9d[s op5$1 )\t dang]4 ,a sold]+ copp] may be heat$ 9 ! gl[+ emb]s ( a camp fire or 9 ! emb]s 9 a fireplace4 ,electrical ,sold]+ ,copp]s4--,! electrically heat$ copp] is ideal = sold]+ z ! heat+ coil is enclos$ )9 ! copp] itself1 ! wire runn+ out ?r\gh ! h&le & connect+ ) an ord9>y electric light socket4 ,! heat is ma9ta9$ at a prop] degree = melt+ ! sold]2 h5ce x is an ideal equipm5t = ^? :o c af=d x & :]e electric curr5t is available4 ,! doctors ( c]ta9 hospitals h recomm5d$ electrical copp]s = ! use ( pati5ts 9 mak+ t9 c toys4 ,an electric sold]+ copp] co/s ab\t #g4ej at ! pres5t "t4 ,! ,common ,sold]+ ,copp]4--,a suitable sold]+ copp] or 8iron0 may be pur*as$ at any good tool deal]'s or h>dw>e /ore2 x %\ld weigh ab\t "o p\nd = "w ) ! t9 cans4 ,almo/ ev]yone has pur*as$ a small sold]+ outfit at "o "t or ano!r & tri$ to sold] ! family wa%-boil] or "s leaky t9w>e2 usually )\t success4 ,su* outfits are inv>iably too small = l>ge "w or = ! t9 c toys4 ,x mu/ be well rememb]$ t ! heat fl[s f ! copp] into ! "w1 & t ! copp] has to heat up ! "w to ! melt+ po9t ( ! sold]2 h5ce a l>ge copp] weigh+ sev]al p\nds is us$ to sold] wa%-boil]s1 t9 ro(s1 etc41 & a small copp] weigh+ a few ounces is us$ = sold]+ jewelry1 etc4 ,a l>ge copp] 9 exp]t h&s may be us$ to sold] v small "w b a small copp] may nev] be us$ to sold] l>ge "w toge!r1 because ! copp] n only has to keep ! sold] melt$ to ! fl[+ po9t1 b also has to heat ! "w itself at ! jo9t to ! fl[+ po9t ( ! sold] be=e ! sold] w leave ! copp] & adh]e to ! "w4 ,9 actual practice1 x has be5 f\nd t a copp] weigh+ "o p\nd is be/4 ,aft] "o gets m adept ) ! copp]1 x w be f\nd advantage\s to h sev]al copp]s ( diff]5t weights4 ,a half p\nd & also a f\r ounce copp] w be f\nd v conv5i5t = extremely small "w4 ,b1 d n beg9 to sold] ) a copp] weigh+ less ?an "o p\nd4 ,sold]+ copp]s are usually sold 9 pairs at ! l>ge tool deal]s1 & copp]s li/$ at two p\nds really weigh "o p\nd ea*2 :5 s5d+ 9 a writt5 ord] be sure t y specify t ! copp] is to weigh "o p\nd s+ly4 ,a wood5 h&le especially made = sold]+ copp]s %\ld be pur*as$ at ! same "t z ! copp]2 ^! wood5 h&les are made l>ge to protect ! h& f ! heat ( ! iron %ank4 ,! h&le is usually furni%$ ) a hole ( ! prop] size drill$ 9 x to p]mit ! po9t$ end ( ! %ank to be driv5 9 ! h&le easily ) a wood5 mallet4 ,if ! hole is too small1 x %\ld be drill$ out s t x is ne>ly z l>ge z ! diamet] ( ! %ank4 ,! wood5 h&le mu/ n be split :5 driv5 on ) ! mallet4 ,fluxes4--,be=e t9n+ ! po9t ( ! copp]1 "s flux mu/ be obta9$1 ei!r a sold]+ pa/e or sold]+ fluid 8kill$ acid40 ,an excell5t sold]+ pa/e call$ 8,nokorode0 is by f> ! be/ flux obta9able4 ,x is inexp5sive1 a little goes a long way1 & x w n ru/ or corrode ! "w z is ! case ) kill$ acid & "s sold]+ pa/es4 ,x may be easily clean$ f ! "w aft] sold]+ & x makes sold]+ mu* easi] & simpl] = ! beg9n]4 ,nokorode sold]+ pa/e may be obta9$ at any good electrical supply h\se or h>dw>e /ore4 ,if !y d n /ock x1 !y w get x = y4 ,!re is no?+ else j z good on ! m>ket1 b if = any reason y _c obta9 ?is p>ticul> br&1 be sure t any sold]+ pa/e y buy is pla9ly labell$ t x w n corrode ! "w4 ,sold]+ fluid or kill$ acid is made ( muriatic acid 9 :i* is dissolv$ all ! pure z9c t x w hold 9 solution4 ,?is fluid is mu* us$ by t9n]s & is c]ta9ly an excell5t sold]+ flux1 b n ne>ly z good z ! sold]+ pa/e = our purposes4 ,h[ev]1 x is v useful 9 ! %op to dip ! t9n$ po9t ( ! hot copp] into x to remove ! oxide or dirt =m$ aft] ! copp] has be5 9 use = "s "t4 ,! sold] w /ick to ! po9t mu* bett] aft] ! copp] has be5 clean$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,directions = mak+ ! kill$ acid & ! use ( o!r sold]+ fluxes w be f\nd on page #fh4 ,t9n+ ! ,copp]4--,hav+ procur$ ! sold]+ copp] & h&le1 "s flux & s(t sold]1 & hav+ fix$ up "s sort ( heat+ app>atus1 ! next /ep t[>d sold]+ is to coat ! po9t ( ! copp] ) sold]3 ?is is call$ t9n+ ! copp]4 ,fix ! copp] firmly 9 a vise if "o is at h&1 z illu/rat$ 9 ,fig4 #ag4 ,!n file ea* ( ! f\r faces ( ! po9t ( ! copp] bright & clean ) a flat file4 ,x is bett] to use an old file = ?is purpose--"o ) r co>se tee?4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ! copp] is plac$ slantwise 9 ! vise s z to br+ "o face ( ! squ>e pyramid p>allel ) ! vise jaws2 ?is position p]mits fil+ 9 a natural horizontal position4 ,ea* face ( ! po9t %\ld be r\nd$ slightly t[>d ! po9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag4 ,if a vise is n available1 ! copp] may be held aga9/ ! edge ( ! b5* ) "o h& & ! po9t fil$ clean & bright ) ! file held 9 ! o!r1 or a co>se %eet ( em]y clo? may be plac$ flat on ! table & ea* face ( ! po9t rubb$ bright on x4 ,a file is by f> ! be/ = ?is purpose1 h[ev]1 & if x is *alk$ be=e us+1 ! copp] fil$ away w n clog x4 ,:5 ! copp] is clean & bright at ! po9t ea* face %\ld be ?or\ghly cov]$ ) a ?9 film ( sold]+ pa/e or dipp$ into ! sold]+ acid4 ,! copp] %\ld !n be plac$ 9 ! fire & heat$ to ! melt+ po9t ( ! sold]4 ,heat+4--,:ile ! copp] is heat+ get ready a piece ( t9 ab\t #b by #d in*es--any clean flat scrap or "p ( a c w d4 ,spread a little sold]+ pa/e into ! c5t] ( ! t9 & lay x on ! b5* ne> ! heat+ app>atus4 ,a few drops ( kill$ acid may be plac$ on ! t9 in/ead ( ! pa/e1 if ! acid is to be us$4 ,aft] a few m9utes heat+ ! copp] %\ld be remov$ f ! fire & ! end ( a /rip ( sold] t\*$ to ! po9t4 ,if ! sold] melts quickly & easily aga9/ ! po9t ! copp] is ready to t92 if x melts v sl[ly1 8slu%y01 ! copp] %\ld be return$ to ! fire & heat$ a bit m4 ,! copp] %\ld nev] be heat$ r$ hot "u any circum/ances2 ?is mu/ be borne 9 m9d4 ,if ! copp] is heat$ to a r$ heat1 ! sold]+ pa/e w be burn$ (f & its action de/roy$1 = a r$ hot copp] w n pick up sold]1 nor may x be t9n$ aga9 until ! copp] is cool & refil$ bright & clean1 recoat$ ) flux & reheat$4 ,if ! copp] is heat$ r$ hot aft] ! po9t is t9n$1 ! t9n+ is burn$ f ! po9t & sold] w n /ick to x until x has be5 cool$1 refil$ & ret9n$4 ,?is is ! mo/ important po9t to rememb] ab\t sold]+ & is ! cause ( _m failures4 ,rememb] t sold]+ is impossible )\t a flux to keep ! metal clean :5 x is hot2 too mu* heat w burn sold]+ pa/e or kill$ acid away2 ! t9n+ & ! sold] adh]+ to ! po9t w be burn$ or oxidiz$ & r5d]$ brittle & useless4 ,a heat t w melt ! sold] almo/ in/antly & cause x to fl[ ) a brilliant gli/5+ color %\ld be ma9ta9$ at all times :5 ! copp] is employ$ = sold]+4 ,?is is nev] a r$ heat4 ,:5 ! copp] is fir/ heat$ to be t9n$1 x %\ld be remov$ f ! fire :5 x melts ! sold] easily1 & sev]al l>ge drops ( sold] %\ld !n be melt$ f ! b> or /rip ( sold] onto ! piece ( t9 plac$ by ! fire & on :i* "s sold]+ pa/e or acid has be5 spread4 ,rub ea* face ( ! po9t ( ! copp] into ! sold] on ! t9 until ea* face is ?or\ghly cov]$ ) a bright coat+ ( sold]4 ,hold ea* face flatly d[n aga9/ ! sold] on ! t9 dur+ ! rubb+ process4 ,! copp] may h to be heat$ once or twice by ! beg9n]1 z x may get too cool to melt ! sold] easily4 ,z soon z ! sold] beg9s to "w /iffly1 8slu%y10 & looks gray in/ead ( gli/5+1 x is "t to reheat ! copp]4 ,an old piece ( s(t cotton clo?1 su* z a /ock+1 on :i* is spr9kl$ a little p[d]$ sal-ammoniac is an excell5t ?+ to keep h&y :5 sold]+ or t9n+4 ,! t9 coat+ ( ! po9t ( ! copp] %\ld be rubb$ on ?is clo? :]e ! sal-ammoniac is spr9kl$1 :5 ! copp] is hot4 ,?is w be f\nd to keep ! copp] 9 excell5t condition4 ,! sal-ammoniac removes ! oxide f ! t9n+ & bright5s x up g5]ally ab\t ! po9t4 ,! t9n+ w la/ mu* long] on ! copp] if x is dipp$ occasionally into ! sold]+ pa/e or acid :ile hot4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly true if ! copp] has be5 a bit ov]heat$4 ,:5 ! t9n+ %[s signs ( we>+ (f & ! copp] does n pick up sold] readily1 x mu/ be ret9n$1 fil$1 flux$1 heat$1 & rubb$ on ! sold] :i* has be5 put on ! t9 fir/ us$ = ?is purpose4 ,?is piece ( t9 %\ld be kept ab\t ! b5*1 z ! copp] w h to be ret9n$ frequ5tly4 ,always rememb] t ! copp] w n c>ry sold] to ! "w unless x is well t9n$4 ,if an electrical sold]+ copp] is us$ x is usually furni%$ already t9n$ at ! po9t1 s t x is ready = use z soon z x is connect$ to a suitable electric socket & ! curr5t turn$ on4 ,! heat+ coil inside ! copp] w soon heat x up to ! melt+ po9t ( ! sold]4 ,aft] heat+1 x may be treat$ z a common copp]1 wip$ occasionally on ! cotton clo? & ret9n$ :5 ! t9n+ is worn away4 ,an electrical copp] %\ld nev] be plac$ 9 a vise = fil+1 b %\ld be held aga9/ ! b5* & fil$ c>efully4 ,a vise is apt to cru% ! holl[ copp] & injure ! heat+ coil inside4 ,^! copp]s %\ld nev] be plac$ 9 a fire or heat$ 9 any way except by ! electric curr5t4 ,electrical copp]s d n ne$ z mu* att5tion z an ord9>y copp] = ! ev5 heat suppli$ by ! curr5t keeps ! copp] heat$ to ! fl[+ po9t ( ! sold] & is incapable ( heat+ beyond ?is temp]ature4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,sold]+ ,,fluid ,,or 8,,kill$ ,,acid0 ,sold]+ fluid may be v simply made z foll[s3 ,pure z9c is dissolv$ 9 muriatic acid until ! acid w n dissolve any m ( ! z9c4 ,! solution ?us obta9$ is !n all[$ to /& = a "t & is !n /ra9$ ?r\gh a clo? & p\r$ into a bottle :i* is kept tightly cork$ :5 n 9 use4 ,fir/ pur*ase ab\t six ounces ( muriatic acid f a druggi/4 ,take c>e n to spill any ( ?is acid on ! h&s or clo!s4 ,next get "s pure %eet z9c4 ,! %eet z9c employ$ = /ove mats z x is sold 9 ! plumb]s' %ops is n suitable = mak+ sold]+ fluid1 z ?is =m ( z9c is alloy$ ) o!r metals4 ,pure z9c may be v easily obta9$ f old dry batt]ies :i* may be f\nd any:]e4 ,remove ! pap] cov]+ f ! batt]y & crack x op5 ) a hamm]--remove ! c>bon f ! c5t] ( ! batt]y & dump out all ! p[d]$ mat]ial4 ,soak ! z9c cov]+ ( ! batt]y 9 w>m wat] to remove any pap] or mat]ial adh]+ to ! z9c & !n cut ! z9c into pieces ab\t in* squ>e4 ,f9d an old tea cup or e>!n-w>e m>malade j> & p\r into x ab\t half a teacupful ( ! muriatic acid4 ,set ! vessel conta9+ ! acid out ( doors or ne> an op5 w9d[ & away f all /eel tools1 s t ! fumes ( ! acid may escape & n be brea!d into ! lungs or ru/ any tools4 ,p\r a small h&ful ( ! z9c cutt+s into ! acid4 ,! acid w attack !m at once & a /rong bubbl+ action w result4 ,:5 ! bubbl+ action dies d[n add m z9c cutt+s--ab\t e fifte5 m9utes4 ,:5 ! acid %[s no sign ( attack+ ! z9c z x is add$1 ! acid is said to be 8kill$0 & ! sold]+ fluid is made4 ,x may be us$ at once if necess>y1 b x w be mu* bett] if x is all[$ to /& ov] night ) ! z9c residue left 9 x4 ,x is !n /ra9$ ?r\gh a piece ( musl9 clo? into ano!r cup or j> & ! fluid is ready = use4 ,sold]+ fluid may be kept 9 a wide-m\!d glass bottle or a m>malade j>2 ei!r vessel mu/ be tightly cork$ :5 n 9 use4 ,?is sold]+ fluid may be us$ z a flux = any s(t sold]+ op]ation 9 place ( ! sold]+ pa/e1 b x is n z satisfactory a flux = ! t9 c "w z ! pa/e4 ,! be/ use = x 9 connection ) ! t9 c toys is to keep x to dip ! po9t ( ! hot copp] 9 occasionally to clean ! t9n+ at ! po9t ( ! copp]4 ,:ile ! prep>$ sold]+ pa/e is be/ = all sold]+ op]ations connect$ ) ! t9 "w1 o!r fluxes may be us$ if no?+ bett] is at h&4 ,^! are res91 olive oil1 cottonse$ oil1 automobile lubricat+ oil1 & p>aff92 b ^! fluxes are n v satisfactory 9 inexp]i5c$ h&s4 ,! sold]+ pa/e is be/ = all sold]+ op]ations4 ,,*apt] ,v ,,sold]+ 7,cont9u$7 ,,prep>+ ,a ,,jo9t ,,= ,,sold]+--,,clean+ ,,& ,,scrap+--,,sold]+ ,a ,,practice ,,piece--,,sold]+ ,,! ,,h&le ,,to ,,! ,,biscuit ,,cutt]--,a ,,second ,,practice ,,piece--,,ano!r ,,me?od ,,( ,,apply+ ,,sold] ,clean+ & ,scrap+4--,if ! copp] is ?or\ghly t9n$ & ! heat] & mat]ials are ready = use z describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,iv1 !n sev]al practice pieces %\ld be sold]$ toge!r be=e attempt+ a jo9+ on any real "w y may h ready to sold]4 ,if ! t9 is bright & clean1 x ne$ n be scrap$ at ! jo9t :]e ! sold] is to g4 ,ru/y spots %\ld be scrap$ bright if 9 ! pa? ( ! sold]4 ,pap]1 labels or pa9t mu/ be clean$ away4 ,if a c has be5 well r9s$ ) hot wat] :5 ! cont5ts are empti$1 x w pres5t no difficulties to ! sold]+1 b a c t has be5 empti$ b n r9s$ pres5ts a m difficult surface to sold]2 p>ticul>ly tomato1 fruit1 or cond5s$ milk cans4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 applies only to ! inside ( ^! cans4 ,tobacco1 c(fee1 cocoa1 tea cans & ! l (f] no resi/ance to ! sold] )\t wa%+4 ,! yell[ lacqu] us$ to l9e "s cans ne$ n be scrap$ (f4 ,sold] w adh]e well to t9 s treat$1 b pap]1 pa9t1 etc41 mu/ be scrap$ f ! pa? ( ! sold]4 ,! scrap$ "p ne$ only be a qu>t] ( an in* 9 wid? on ea* side ( ! jo9t2 ! re/ ( ! pap] labels or pa9t w be remov$ 9 ! hot lye ba? us$ be=e pa9t+ ! c4 ,! scrap+ may be done ) an old knife1 or a regul> scrap] furni%$ by ! deal] 9 t9n]s' tools z illu/rat$ on page #bjb1 ,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,:5 scrap+ ! t9 bright1 d n scrape x s h>d t all ! t9 w be scrap$ away f ! inn] %eet ( iron1 z sold] w /ick to t9 mu* bett] ?an to iron4 ,if ! t9 is n v dirty1 a piece ( em]y clo? or s& pap] may be us$ to clean ! jo9t4 ,pa9t cans1 cans t h conta9$ /ove black+1 rubb] cem5t1 v>ni%1 %ellac1 etc41 %\ld be ?or\ghly boil$ 9 a /rong lye ba? be=e sold]+2 pa9t is usually made ( oxides & oxides are a sure prev5tive ( sold]+4 ,! lye ba? is made by add+ two heap+ tablespoonfuls ( lye or wa%+ soda to ! gallon ( boil+ wat]4 ,cans boil$ 9 ?is solution = five m9utes w be ?or\ghly clean$ & free f pa9t1 pap] labels1 & practically any?+ likely to be f\nd inside or outside ( a c4 ,! lye or wa%+ soda may be obta9$ at any groc]y /ore4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 n to get any ( ! lye solution on ! h&s or ! clo!s z x is v cau/ic & w burn ! h&s & ru9 ! clo!s if n imm$iately wa%$ (f4 ,! "w %\ld be h&l$ ) a wire hook :ile 9 ! ba? & well r9s$ ) wat] :5 remov$ f x4 ,! same lye ba? is us$ be=e pa9t is appli$ to t9 "w1 :5 all =m+1 sold]+1 rivet+1 etc41 is done4 ,x removes ! flux1 acid1 & f+] m>ks1 leav+ a clean surface on :i* to pa9t4 ,sold]+ a ,practice ,piece4--,= practice 9 sold]+1 an angle jo9t is a good ?+ to beg9 )2 some?+ t is small & easily held 9 position :ile be+ sold]$4 ,z ,i h already describ$ ! =m+ up ( a biscuit cutt] to ! po9t ( sold]+ x toge!r1 a practice piece resembl+ x w be an excell5t ?+ ) :i* to beg94 ,cut a n>r[ /rip ( t9 ab\t #a in* wide & #d in*es long & a flat piece ( t9 ab\t #b by #c in*es4 ,be sure t ! ends ( ! n>r[ /rip are cut squ>ely across1 us+ ! squ>e if necess>y4 7,see *apt] on 8,lay+ ,out ,"w10 page #cb47 ,see to x t bo? pieces are well flatt5$ out & smoo?4 ,b5d ! n>r[ /rip into a semi-circul> =m1 l ! biscuit cutt] y h already to sold] & /& ?is piece 9 position on ! l>g] flat piece ( t94 ,n[ lay ! piece ne> ! sold]+ copp] heat]1 on ! wood5 b5*2 be sure to place x on wood1 n on a "p ( ! vise or any o!r metal t may be conv5i5t4 ,iron1 /one or brick w absorb too mu* heat f ! t9 if directly "u & 9 contact ) x1 & ?us prev5t sold]+4 ,apply a small am\nt ( sold]+ pa/e to ea* jo9t z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #ah4 ,! pa/e may be appli$ ) a small flat /ick ( wood su* z a mat* /ick %av$ d[n to a long1 ?91 w$ge po9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ah4 ,kill$ acid or sold]+ fluid is usually appli$ ) a small camel's-hair bru% set 9 a quill2 sometimes a *ick5 fea!r is us$ = ?is purpose4 ,! flux1 :e!r pa/e or acid1 %\ld be appli$ sp>+ly1 b be sure t en\gh is appli$ to ?or\ghly cov] ! jo9t1 z if x 7 pa9t$ on bo? sides ( ! metal :]e x jo9s4 ,see to x t ! copp] is well t9n$ & heat$ until x w melt & take up a good siz$ drop ( sold] at ! po9t :5 held aga9/ a b> or /rip ( sold]4 ,wire or /rip sold] is mu* easi] = ! beg9n] to h&le ?an ! heavi] b>4 ,x melts f> m easily1 z x is small]4 ,if b> sold] is us$1 place x on an anvil or /one & hamm] "o end out1 until x is ab\t in* ?ick & mu* wid] ?an ! orig9al b>4 ,x w melt (f mu* m quickly :5 ?9n$ out4 ,hold ! semi-circul> piece 9 position ) ! left h& & ) ! "r br+ ! hot copp] *>g$ ) molt5 sold] at ! t9n$ po9t & fit ! po9t ( ! copp] closely into ! angle =m$ by ! jo9t1 mov+ ! copp] v sl[ly along ! jo9t1 />t+ at "o side & f9i%+ at ! o!r4 ,:5 ea* side ( ! jo9t is ?or\ghly heat$ up to ! melt+ po9t ( ! sold]1 "s ( ! sold] w leave ! copp] & fl[ into & ov] ! jo9t2 s t :5 />t+ to sold] a jo9t ! copp] %\ld be all[$ to re/ a mom5t :]e ! sold]+ is to be />t$4 ,! t9 is !n heat$ up & :5 ! sold] />ts to fl[ into ! jo9t1 ! copp] is drawn sl[ly along1 heat+ up ! t91 & z x travels fl[+ ! sold] into ! jo9t4 ,! foll[+ po9ts %\ld be well rememb]$ :5 sold]+3 ,t ! t91 to be sold]$1 mu/ be heat$ up to ! melt+ po9t ( ! sold] be=e ! sold] w leave ! copp] & adh]e to ! t94 ,t ! copp] supplies ! heat to ! t9 & t ! t9 w n be heat$ unless ! copp] is kept 9 contact ) x long en\gh to heat x4 ,en\gh ( ! copp] %\ld be 9 contact ) ! t9 to be sold]$ = ! heat to fl[ quickly into ! t91 see ,fig4 #ah4 ,d n m]ely t\* ! po9t ( ! copp] to ! jo9t & expect x to heat t jo9t3 x won't4 ,two faces ( ! po9t ( ! copp] %\ld re/ aga9/ ! p>ts ( ! "w to be sold]$1 ?us transmitt+ heat to ! pieces z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ai4 ,if too mu* ( ! po9t is all[$ to come 9 contact ) ! "w1 ! sold] w be sme>$ ov] ! "w 9 a broad unnecess>y /ream4 ,?is is ! reason t ! po9ts ( copp]s are fil$ slightly r\nd+ t[>d ! po9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ai4 ,rememb]3 ,t ! copp] mu/ be hot en\gh to make ! sold] gli/54 ,t a r$-hot copp] w n pick up sold]4 ,t a r$-hot copp] burns away ! flux1 & t x de/roys ! t9n+ at ! po9t ( ! copp]2 a r$ head also oxidizes ! sold]1 mak+ x brittle & weak4 ,t sold] w n fill up a gap 9 a jo9t unless 9 v exp]t h&s2 jo9ts %\ld fit closely4 ,t a good jo9t %\ld appe> smoo?2 look z if pa9t$ on4 ,a smoo? jo9t is produc$ by a hot copp]1 clean metal1 & good flux1 b mo/ ( all1 by leav+ ! copp] long en\gh 9 ! jo9t to heat x ?or\ghly4 ,t small jo9ts are heat$ & sold]$ almo/ in/antly4 ,t l>ge jo9ts require a long] "t to heat up & t v heavy "w requires a l>ge copp] & sometimes an outside s\rce ( heat z well--b we h no?+ to d ) su* "w 9 ?is book4 ,t "w mu/ be held toge!r until ! sold] sets or turns gray1 z x may spr+ ap>t :ile ! sold] is molt54 ,^! are all v simple facts & %\ld n be difficult to rememb]4 ,to cont9ue ) ! practice piece3 ,z soon z ! sold] has run 9 & ar\nd "o end ( ! practice jo9t1 remove ! copp] & sold] ! jo9t at ! o!r end ( ! piece4 ,z ^! jo9ts are small1 !y %\ld heat up & sold] v quickly4 ,"o heat+ ( ! copp] %\ld d = bo? jo9ts1 b be sure t ! copp] is hot en\gh be=e y try ! second jo9t4 ,if difficulty is exp]i5c$ 9 mak+ y\r fir/ jo9t & x does n /ick toge!r1 apply m flux & try aga94 ,! h&le may be sold]$ to ! biscuit cutt] 9 ! same mann] aft] ! practice piece is successfully complet$4 ,ano!r ,me?od ( ,apply+ ,sold]4--,sometimes bits ( sold] may be cut f ! /rip ( wire sold] & plac$ 9 ! jo9t to be sold]$4 ,! hot sold]+ copp] is !n us$ to melt ! sold] into ! jo9t4 ,! jo9t mu/ be well flux$ be=e ! sold] is plac$ 9 position4 ,! end ( a /rip ( wire sold] is sometimes held aga9/ ! po9t ( a hot copp] z x is mov$ along a jo9t to be sold]$4 ,! sold] is f$ aga9/ ! po9t ( ! hot copp] z x melts into ! jo9t4 ,bo? ( ! above me?ods w be f\nd advantage\s :5 a gap+ jo9t is to be fill$ ) sold] & x is desirable to apply a quantity ( sold] 9 "o place4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,cooky ,,cutt]s ,,! ,,p9e ,,tree ,,design--,,cutt+ ,,n>r[ ,,/rips ,,( ,,t9--,,b5d+ ,,to ,,%ape ,,ov] ,,design--,,sold]+ ,,cooky ,,cutt]s--,,! ,,h&le ,cooky cutt]s ( any simple design may easily be made f /rips & pieces ( t9 cut f cans4 ,!y may be made to /amp out any simple design f ! cake d\gh1 su* z fl[]s1 leaves1 trees1 animals1 boats1 v>i\s insignia1 etc4 ,:5 mak+ ! design = a cooky cutt]1 rememb] t rais9s1 currants1 pieces ( citron1 nuts1 etc41 may be add$ to ! cookies aft] /amp+ !m out & us$ to acc5tuate ! design1 z eyes ( animals1 fruit on trees1 etc4 ,fir/ draw ! design on pap] exactly ! same size y wi% ! cooky to be & be sure to use a v simple outl9e1 tak+ c>e n to introduce too _m intricate b5ds & to rememb] t a /rip ( t9 mu/ be b5t to foll[ ! outl9e ( ! draw+4 ,also rememb] t cake d\gh is n ( v t\gh mat]ial & w easily break if cut 9 too n>r[ a /rip 9 any place or "p ( ! design4 ,d n try to make too reali/ic a design b r "o t sugge/s ! desir$ object4 ,! p9e or ,*ri/mas tree design is a v simple "o to make4 ,! ,p9e ,tree ,design4--,fir/ draw ! p9e tree on pap]1 tak+ c>e to h bo? sides ( ! tree alike1 ,fig4 #bj4 ,a v simple me?od ( obta9+ ?is result is to fold ! pap] exactly 9 half1 op5 ! pap] out flat aga9 & draw "o-half ( ! tree1 us+ ! fold$ l9e z ! c5t] ( ! tree & us+ a s(t p5cil to draw )4 ,fold ! pap] toge!r aga9 us+ ! same fold l9e1 place ! fold$ pap] on a h>d surface & rub ! pap] ov] ! draw+ ) ! b[l ( a spoon s t ! design is transf]r$ to ! o!r half ( ! pap]1 s t :5 ! pap] is unfold$ ! design w be complet$ & bo? sides ( ! design w be alike4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bj4 ,cutt+ ,n>r[ ,/rips ( ,t94--,:5 y h a satisfactory design drawn1 cut op5 a l>ge c s t :5 ! t9 f ! c is flatt5$ out y may cut f x a /rip long en\gh to b5d ar\nd & con=m to y\r design & h only "o jo9t4 ,be sure to trim up "o edge ( ! t9 to a /raight l9e be=e />t+ to m>k (f a /rip in* 9 wid?1 us+ ! divid]s = ! m>k+ op]ation z %[n 9 ,*apt] ,,ii1 page #ce4 ,be sure to cut y\r /rip z /raight z possible & ( exactly ! same wid? = its entire l5g?4 ,b5d+ to ,%ape ,ov] ,design4--,:5 ! /rip is cut1 br+ ! ends ( ! /rip toge!r & press ! b5d 9 to =m an angle4 ,?is angle w n only =m ! top ( ! tree b w m>k ! c5t] ( ! /rip z well4 ,b5d ! /rip ap>t until x con=ms to ! design on pap] f ! top ( ! tree to ! fir/ b5d on "o side z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ba4 ,m>k ! /rip ( t9 at ,a4 ,a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ba4 ,take ! flat-nos$ pli]s & b5d ! t9 9 on ea* side to con=m to ! l9e ,b4 ,let ! ends ( ! /rip g pa/ ea* o!r z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ba1 #b1 & 9 ! illu/ration ( b5d+4 ,next b5d bo? ends ( ! /rip at ,c4 ,c4 & s on until ! complete outl9e ( ! tree drawn on pap] is foll[$ by ! /rip ( t94 ,! v>i\s /eps 9 ! b5d+ are %[n 9 ,fig4 #ba1 #a to #f4 ,! jo9t at ! bottom ( ! design %\ld ov]lap ab\t in*4 ,?is jo9t may be held toge!r ) ! flat-nos$ pli]s & sold]$4 ,take c>e to h ! ends t are to be sold]$ squ>e ) ! re/ ( ! design s t :5 ! cutt+ /rip is plac$ flat d[n on ! cutt+ bo>d all ! cutt+ edges w t\* ev5ly & cut well4 ,:5 y h ! ends ( ! cutt+ /rip sold]$ toge!r1 cut out a rectangul> piece ( t9 some:at l>g] ?an ! design1 at lea/ in* l>g] 9 e direction4 ,see t ?is piece ( t9 is p]fectly flat & free f wr9kles4 ,look c>efully at ! cutt+ /rip & see t x con=ms closely to ! design & !n lay x 9 ! c5t] ( ! rectangul> piece ( t94 ,secure a ?9 piece ( wood slightly l>g] ?an ! design4 ,wood f a pack+ box w d4 ,?is /rip ( wood is held 9 place on top ( ! cutt+ /rip 9 ord] to hold x :5 sold]+ ! /rip to keep x p]fectly flat1 & to prev5t burn+ ! f+]s4 ,! cutt+ /rip gets v hot :5 x is be+ sold]$ 9 place4 ,sold]+ ,cooky ,cutt]s ,toge!r4--,see t y\r sold]+ copp] is well heat$ & t9n$2 apply sold]+ pa/e to ! entire jo9t :]e ! cutt+ /rip re/s on ! flat piece ( t9 & !n apply ! sold] c>efully 9 ! usual mann] ) ! hot sold]+ copp]4 ,x w be f\nd comp>atively easy to apply sold] to ! long] p>ts ( ! /rip1 su* z ^? =m+ ! sides ( ! tree1 b d n attempt to sold] 9 ! n>r[ crevice or crevices =m$ betwe5 ! tree foliage1 ! trunk1 & ! top4 ,sold] only :]e x is easy to introduce ! po9t ( ! sold]+ copp]1 !n apply sold] inside t "p ( ! design =m+ ! tree trunk z illu/rat$ 9 ,fig4 #bc by ! d>k l9es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bb4 ,! cutt+ /rip ne$ n be sold]$ to ! flat piece ( t9 =m+ ! back 9 e small crevice t is n conv5i5t to ! sold]+ copp]4 ,b x mu/ be sold]$ 9 su* a way z to prev5t ! cutt+ /rip f b5d+ out ( %ape :5 us$ = cutt+4 ,s1 if y may n sold] x outside1 sold] x inside4 ,be sure & hold ! cutt+ /rip firmly d[n to ! flat t9 ) a flat piece ( wood :5 sold]+4 ,if ! sold]+ does n g along well1 /op & read ov] ,*apt]s ,,iv & ,v on sold]+4 ,take pl5ty ( "t & make a good job ( x4 ,:5 ! cutt+ /rip is firmly sold]$ to ! t91 trim away ! edges until !y appe> z %[n 9 ,plate ,,viii4 ,d n try to foll[ e ind5tation 9 ! design b cut to ! g5]al smoo? %ape indicat$ :i* leaves no %>p corn]s4 ,! edges ( ! t9 =m+ ! back ( ! cutt] may be smoo!d ov] ) a small piece ( f9e em]y clo? or f9e s&-pap]4 ,rubb+ ! edges g5tly ) ! em]y clo? w dull !m s t !y are less apt to cut ! f+]s4 ,?is applies only to ! flat piece ( t9 =m+ ! back or top ( ! cutt]1 = ! edges ( ! cutt+ /rip %\ld be left %>p4 ,pun* two or m holes ?r\gh ! back ( ! cooky cutt] to =m air v5ts z y did :5 mak+ ! biscuit cutt]4 ,! ,h&le4--,a h&le may be made = ! cooky cutt] 9 exactly ! same way z ! h&le made = ! biscuit cutt]4 ,a /rip ( t9 #a in*es wide & #d in*es long1 is ab\t ! "r size = ! h&le4 ,! edges are fold$ 9 & ! /rip is r\nd$ ov] an anvil & sold]$ into place z indicat$ 9 ! photograph4 ,! edges ( ! h&le %\ld re/ directly ov] ! cutt+ /rip "u x4 ,:5 f9i%$1 ! cooky cutt] %\ld be boil$ up 9 ! lye ba? or wa%$ ) hot wat] & /rong soap & !n x is ready = use4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,viii ,cooky cutt] & tray c&le/ick made by ! au?or ,a% trays made by ! au?or ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,trays ,,turn+ ,,ov] ,,edges ,,on ,,r\nd ,,trays--,,us+ ,,! ,,=m+ ,,mallet--,,mak+ ,,an ,,a% ,,tray ,,& ,,mat* ,,box ,,hold] ,v>i\s r\nd trays may be made f t9 cans4 ,^! are v simple to make & are v attractive & conv5i5t = a% trays1 bottle ca/]s & ! l4 ,a mat* box hold] may be sold]$ to ! c5t] ( ! tray & any smok] w appreciate ?is4 ,^! simple trays h prov$ to be "o ( ! mo/ popul> problems = c]ta9 w\nd$ soldi]s 9 an ,am]ican base hospital 9 ,france4 ,turn+ ,ov] ,edges on ,r\nd ,trays4--,select a r l>ge c to cut d[n = a tray4 ,a c f #d to #f in*es 9 diamet] is be/ ) :i* to />t tray mak+4 ,?is c %\ld be r\nd1 z ! squ>e cans are v difficult1 if n impossible1 to h&le :5 turn+ ov] an edge4 ,set ! divid]s to #a in*es & scribe a l9e p>allel to ! bottom ( ! c4 ,cut ! c d[n & be c>eful to cut x (f z /raight z possible at ! scrib$ l9e4 ,place a squ>e maple block 9 ! vise2 ! same maple block y h us$ = turn+ ! edges ( ! h&le = ! biscuit cutt]4 ,be sure t ! edges ( ! block are squ>e & %>p4 ,set ! divid]s to in*1 re/ "o leg ( ! divid]s on ! rim ( ! tray & scribe a l9e ar\nd ! inside1 in* d[n f ! edge1 z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #bc4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bc4 ,re/ ! edge ( ! tray on ! edge ( ! wood5 block s t ! l9e scrib$ in* d[n f ! edge re/s directly ov] ! edge ( ! block z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #bd a4 ,tilt ! tray back on ! block until ! edge is rais$ ab\t in* up f ! surface ( ! block1 ! l9e /ill re/+ directly ov] ! edge ( ! block4 ,us+ ! ,=m+ ,mallet4--,take up ! special =m+ mallet & use ! r\nd$ end to />t hamm]+ ! t9 d[n to ! block1 /ill keep+ ! tray tilt$ z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #bd b4 ,turn ! tray ar\nd z y hamm] s t ! tray is slightly flang$ out by ! mallet bl[s z y turn x ar\nd on ! block4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bd;a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bd;b4 ,be sure to hamm] ! t9 v g5tly & ev5ly1 tak+ c>e n to /ret* x d[n m 9 "o place ?an ano!r4 ,t9 w /& consid]able /ret*+ if h&l$ g5tly & ev5ly1 b heavy mallet bl[s w /ret* & crack x1 & x w te> if unev5ly /ret*$4 ,nev] raise ! edge ( ! tray away f ! block m ?an ( an in*1 b always tilt ! tray back a little m ea* "t y hamm] entirely ar\nd x4 ,! t9 w quickly flange out & aft] hav+ hamm]$ entirely ar\nd ! tray ?ree or f\r times1 ! rim %\ld flange out to ab\t ! angle indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #be1 ,no4 ,,iii4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #be4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bf4 ,try to hamm] 9 su* a way z to flange ! t9 ov] ev5ly f ! scrib$ l9e4 ,! mallet bl[s %\ld be direct$ 9 t[>d ! l9e :i* always re/s at ! edge ( ! block1 r ?an t[>d ! edge ( ! t94 ,:5 ! edge has be5 turn$ ov] z f> z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #be1 ,no4 ,,iii1 *ange ! position ( ! tray & re/ ! bottom ( x on ! top ( ! block & hamm] g5tly on ! edge z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #be until ! edge or flange /&s out at "r angles to ! side ( ! tray4 ,cont9ue hamm]+ until ! edge ( ! tray /&s at ab\t ! angle indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #be1 ,no4 ,v4 ,remove ! maple block f ! vise & secure a r\nd wood5 mallet 9 x1 ! mallet be+ ab\t #b or #c in*es 9 diamet]1 or a piece ( iron pipe1 if held 9 ! vise1 may be us$ = an anvil in/ead ( ! mallet4 ,hang ! tray ov] ! end ( ! mallet or pipe & hold x firmly 9 position1 turn+ x sl[ly ar\nd ! anvil z ! edge is hamm]$ d[n to ! side ( ! tray1 ,fig4 #bf4 ,d n try to hamm] ! edge d[n all at once1 b g entirely ar\nd ! turn$ flange or edge sev]al times ) ! mallet1 hamm]+ v lightly & b5d+ ! edge d[n m ea* "t ! tray is hamm]$ ar\nd4 ,! flanges or turn$ "p w wr9kle slightly dur+ ! turn+1 b if ! edge has be5 turn$ ev5ly & sl[ly f ! />t1 ?is wr9kl+ w n matt]1 z ! wr9kles w gradually hamm] out4 ,try to hamm] 9 su* a way t ! edge or top ( ! tray w rema9 r\nd$ & n get hamm]$ toge!r 7,fig4 #bg74 ,:5 ! edge is turn$ completely 9 & t\*es ! sides1 rev]se ! =m+ mallet & use ! w$ge-%ap$ end to hamm] ! wr9kles out1 tak+ c>e to hamm] inside ! edge s z n to flatt5 ! edge ( ! tray1 ,fig4 #bh4 ,! edge %\ld look l ,fig4 #bg1 & !n y\r tray is f9i%$ & ready to be boil$ up 9 ! lye solution & pa9t$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bg4 ,! edges ( ! tray may be made ( any height t suits ! mak]1 b nev] try to turn ov] less ?an in* at ! edge nor any m ?an in*1 z ei!r op]ation is v difficult1 if n impossible4 ,! t9 is tak5 up consid]ably 9 ! turn+ & ! in* m>k$ (f = ! turn$ edge ( ! tray describ$ above w be ab\t ( an in* :5 turn$4 ,?is turn+ op]ation is us$ a great deal = f9i%+ ! edges ( diff]5t cyl9drical & curv$ surfaces us$ 9 ! t9 c "w1 z a %>p ?9 edge %\ld nev] be left ab\t ! "w4 ,mak+ an ,a% ,tray & ,mat* ,box ,hold]4--,make a tray ab\t #f in*es 9 diamet] & ( an in* 9 height :5 ! edge is turn$ ov]1 & !n f9d a small] c ab\t #b in*es 9 diamet]1 su* z a s\p or bak+ p[d] c4 ,scribe a l9e ar\nd ?is c #a in* f ! base4 ,cut ! c d[n to ?is l9e & place ! c bottom up 9 ! c5t] ( ! bottom ( ! fir/ tray1 hold+ x 9 position ) a /ick ( wood & sold]+ x to ! tray4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bi4 ,op5 a box ( safety mat*es & measure ! diamet] ( ! end ( ! box "p t holds ! mat*es4 ,! usual measurem5t ( ! end ( ! inside box is by #a in*es4 ,cut a /rip ( t9 ( an in* wide & #b in*es long4 ,make a m>k in* f ea* end ( ! /rip & b5d ! t9 at "r angles at ea* end1 us+ ea* m>k = ! b5d4 ,! /rip %\ld !n appe> z %[n 9 ,fig4 #bi1 ,a4 ,sold] ?is /rip 9 ! c5t] ( ! small c z %[n 9 ,fig4 #bi1 ,b1 b make sure t ! cov] ( ! mat* box w slide ov] x be=e sold]+ x fa/4 ,cut two pieces ( t9 #a in*es wide & #b in*es 9 l5g?4 ,see t !y are cut p]fectly squ>e4 ,m>k (f a l9e in* 9 f "o end ( ea* piece & turn ! t9 at "r angles f ?is m>k to ! edge4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cj4 ,! corn]s at ! opposite ends ( ea* piece %\ld be r\nd$ (f by cutt+ ) ! %e>s z %[n 9 ,fig4 #bi1 ,c4 ,r\nd ov] ! edges ) "s f9e em]y clo?4 ,place ! cov] ( ! mat* box 9 position ov] ! /rip ( t9 sold]$ to ! c 9 ! c5t] ( ! tray4 ,place ! two pieces ( t9 aga9/ ! two opposite sides ( ! mat* box z %[n 9 ,fig4 #bi4 ,!n move !m slightly away f ! box & m>k ! position ( ! flang$ ends :]e !y re/ on ! c1 remove ! box cov] & sold] ^! pieces ( t9 9 place4 ,be sure to sold] ^! pieces 9 su* a way t ! mat* box cov] w slip betwe5 !m easily & fit ov] ! b5t /rip ( t9 at ! bottom4 ,! a% tray & mat* box hold] w !n be complet$ & ready = ! lye ba? & pa9t+4 ,an extra coat ( "s high-grade sp> v>ni% %\ld be giv5 ! a% trays to prev5t ! hot a%es f burn+ ! pa9t4 ,?is v>ni% %\ld only be appli$ aft] ! fir/ coat or coats ( pa9t are ?or\ghly dry4 ,! height ( ! trays at ! edge may be alt]$ to suit & also ! height & %ape ( ! c sold]$ to ! c5t] ( ! tray4 ,! measurem5ts are m]ely giv5 = conv5i5ce 9 work+ out ^! fir/ problems4 ,e ef=t %\ld be made to ?9k out problems ( y\r own1 tak+ ! sugge/ions f ! %apes ( ! cans !mselves4 ,?us a squ>e c may be sold]$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! tray1 & small semi-cyl9drical tr\ghs ( t9 may be sold]$ to ! rim ( ! tray to hold light$ cig>s & cig>ettes4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,a ,,tray ,,c&le/ick ,,! ,,c&le ,,socket--,,cutt+ ,a ,,hole ,,9 ,,! ,,drip ,,cup--,,mak+ ,,! ,,h&le ,aft] ! a% tray & mat* box hold] is successfully complet$ ! next problem t %\ld be tak5 up is ! tray c&le/ick1 a photograph ( :i* is %[n on ! opposite page4 ,?is problem pres5ts "s int]e/+ & in/ructive =m+ & sold]+ op]ations & %\ld be made be=e attempt+ to make ! toy auto truck4 ,two trays %\ld fir/ be made up--"o to be us$ = ! base ( ! c&le/ick & "o = ! drip cup4 ,! edges ( bo? trays %\ld be turn$ ov] c>efully4 ,! ,c&le ,socket4--,! next ?+ to be made is ! c&le socket :i* is also us$ to connect bo? trays4 ,cut a piece ( t9 #b by #c in*es1 set ! divid]s to in* & scribe a l9e in* inside ?ree edges ( ! piece z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ca1 ,no4 #a4 ,clip (f ! corn]s & fold d[n ! /rip m>k$ ,a1 flat aga9/ ! t94 ,c & ,b %\ld be p>tially fold$ ov] b n clos$ up1 ,fig4 #ca1 ,no4 #b4 ,^! two flaps1 ,c & ,b are to be lock$ toge!r to =m a lock$ seam z %[n 9 ,no4 #c4 ,if ?is seam or jo9t 7 m]ely lapp$ & sold]$ toge!r ! c&le socket w\ld melt ap>t if ! c&le %\ld be all[$ to burn d[n inside x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ca4 ,place a small b> ( iron 9 ! vise jaws--?is b> or pipe %\ld be ab\t in* 9 diamet] & is us$ z an anvil ov] :i* to r\nd up ! c&le socket4 ,lay ! piece ( t9 t is to be us$ = ! c&le socket ov] ! anvil ) ! fold ,a upp]mo/--b5d ! t9 ar\nd ! anvil ) ! h& or ) light mallet bl[s1 tak+ c>e n to close up ! flaps ,b & ,c z y r\nd ! piece ov] ! anvil4 ,y w n be able to get ! socket into a p]fect cyl9drical %ape at fir/ & until ,b & ,c are fitt$ toge!r z %[n 9 ,no4 #c4 ,simply r\nd ! piece up z be/ y c until flap ,b fits into flap ,c4 ,!n use a pair ( flat-nos$ pli]s to p9* ,b & ,c toge!r z %[n 9 ,no4 #d4 ,:5 ! two seams are fitt$ toge!r or lock$ ! socket %\ld be aga9 plac$ on ! b> & ! hamm]+ cont9u$ until ! socket is cyl9drical & ! seam hamm]$ toge!r4 ,exam9e a t9 c--mo/ ( !m h lock$ seams at ! side4 ,if c>efully made1 ?is socket %\ld fit a common c&le :i* is ( an in* 9 diamet]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cb4 ,cutt+ a ,hole 9 ! ,drip ,cup4--,:5 ! c&le socket is complet$1 a hole %\ld be cut = x ?r\gh ! bottom ( ! drip cup4 ,! socket is slipp$ ?r\gh ?is hole until ! bottom ( ! flange ,a re/s aga9/ ! bottom ( ! drip cup1 see ,fig4 #cb4 ,a small *isel %\ld be us$ to cut ! hole ?r\gh ! bottom ( ! drip cup4 ,! drip cup is re/$ on a small block ( wood :i* is held 9 ! vise jaws1 & ! *isel us$ 9 ! same mann] z a pun*1 ! end ( ! wood5 block support+ ! t9 z ! *isel cuts ?r\gh x4 ,! cutt+ edge ( ! *isel %\ld be ab\t -in* wide & %\ld be v %>p4 ,su* a *isel may be pur*as$ at mo/ tool deal]s or a -in* nail-set may be pur*as$ & ! end gr\nd to a *isel po9t on a gr9d/one4 ,a common /eel nail may be us$ = a *isel if ! po9t is fil$ (f entirely & ! end ( ! nail fil$ to a *isel po9t4 ,! %ank ( ! nail %\ld be in* 9 diamet]4 ,set ! bottom edge ( ! c&le socket 9 ! c5t] ( ! drip cup & trace a l9e ar\nd x ) a %>p p5cil or a /eel scrib]4 ,!n place ! drip cup on a block ( wood & cut out ! disk ( t9 inside ! l9e1 us+ a s]ies ( *isel cuts to foll[ ! l9e4 ,take c>e n to cut ! hole too l>ge--x %\ld j fit ! c&le socket z %[n 9 ! sectional draw+1 ,fig4 #cb4 ,a half-r\nd file may be us$ to file away any r\gh or jagg$ edges left by ! *isel cutt+4 ,mak+ ! ,h&le4--,a h&le %\ld next be made f a piece ( t9 #a by #h in*es4 ,! h&le %\ld be made tap]+ & a dim5sion$ draw+ = ?is is %[n 9 ,fig4 #cc4 ,:5 ! t9 is cut to ! %ape %[n ! divid]s %\ld be set to in* & a l9e scrib$ in* inside ea* side ( ! h&le4 ,! t9 %\ld be fold$ ov] on ^! l9es s t ! sides ( ! h&le w be nicely r\nd$ & made /rong]4 ,directions = mak+ a /raight fold w be f\nd on page #ej & ne$ n be repeat$ "h z ! op]ation is v simple4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cc4 ,! h&le %\ld be %ap$ z %[n 9 ,fig4 #cd4 ,x may be %ap$ or =m$ up by plac+ x ov] a r\nd anvil & us+ a mallet 9 exactly ! same way t ! h&le ( ! biscuit cutt] 0 =m$1 see ,fig4 #ce1 except t ! h&le = ! c&le/ick w h a bett] appe>ance if ! folds are left on ! outside1 see ,fig4 #cd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ce4 ,! ends ( ! h&le %\ld be b5t ov] at "r angles z %[n 9 ,fig4 #cd4 ,! small end hooks ov] ! drip cup & ! l>ge end hooks ov] ! edge ( ! tray or bottom ( ! c&le/ick4 ,! diff]5t p>ts ( ! c&le/ick are n[ ready to be sold]$ toge!r4 ,! socket %\ld be fitt$ into ! drip cup & ^! two sold]$ toge!r fir/4 ,apply ! sold] to ! bottom ( ! drip cup & socket 9 ! angle :]e ! socket & ! drip cup meet1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #cb4 ,:5 ! socket & ! drip cup are sold]$ toge!r !y %\ld be set 9 position 9 ! c5t] ( ! bottom tray & sold]$ 9 place4 7,! c&le/ick w h a mu* bett] appe>ance if ! seams 9 ! side ( ! drip cup1 socket1 & bottom tray are 9 l9e ) ea* o!r :5 ! c&le/ick is sold]$ toge!r47 ,! h&le is ! la/ ?+ to put 9 place & x is sold]$ to ! drip cup & to ! bottom tray--:i* w complete ! c&le/ick4 ,_m pleas+ v>ieties ( ?is simple & practical c&le/ick may be made by *ang+ ! diamet] & %ape ( ! cans us$ = ! trays & ! l5g? ( ! c&le socket & ! %ape ( ! h&le4 ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,rivet+ ,,mak+ ,a ,,pail ,,f ,a ,,t9 ,,c--,,cutt+ ,,away ,,! ,,surplus ,,t9 ,,at ,,! ,,rim--,,=m+ ,,! ,,lugs ,,= ,,! ,,h&le--,,rivet+ ,,! ,,lugs ,,9 ,,position--,,=m+ ,a ,,wire ,,h&le ,rivet+ is "o ( ! mo/ useful op]ations connect$ ) metal work+ ( all k9ds1 & x is v frequ5tly us$ 9 t9 work+ :]e x is n advisable to jo9 ! metal ) sold]2 or rivet+ may be employ$ 9 connection ) a sold]$ jo9t to /r5g!n x & to prev5t ! jo9$ pieces f melt+ (f1 su* z ! lugs or h&le hold]s on a pail us$ = cook+1 etc4 ,rivet+ is a v simple op]ation4 ,! rivets are usually made ) a flat or r\nd$ head atta*$ to a %ort cyl9drical %aft or %ank4 ,a hole is pun*$ ?r\gh ea* piece ( metal to be jo9$4 ,! pieces ( metal are plac$ toge!r s t ! holes are 9 l9e & a rivet %ank slipp$ ?r\gh ^! holes4 ,! head ( ! rivet is !n re/$ on a flat iron or /eel anvil & ! headless end is hamm]$ ov] until x =ms into a second head & ?us holds ! two pieces ( metal tightly toge!r4 ,! pail (f]s a v simple problem 9 rivet+ & x is v easy to make a sub/antial pail f a t9 c4 ,mak+ a ,pail4--,select a l>ge1 clean1 r\nd c = ! pail4 ,a "o-gallon fruit or vegetable c makes up into a v useful pail4 ,use a c op5] to cut away ! rema9+ t9 ( ! lid b take c>e n to m> ! rim ( ! c4 ,roll$ rim cans make ! be/ pails4 ,:5 ! lid is cut away a jagg$ edge usually rema9s ne> ! rim & ?is mu/ be trimm$ away & ! rema9+ t9 hamm]$ d[n close to ! rim4 ,if m ?an in* ( ! t9 ( ! c lid rema9s next to ! rim ( ! c x %\ld be trimm$ away ) ! metal %e>s until a /rip ( t9 rema9s next to ! rim ab\t in* wide4 ,cutt+ ,away ,surplus ,t9 at ! ,rim4--7,a pair ( curv$ metal %e>s are v useful = mak+ circul> cuts ( ?is nature if y h !m1 b ! surplus t9 may be trimm$ away ) ! /raight %e>s if small cuts are tak5 ) !m47 ,cut into ! t9 next to ! rim ) ! %e>s--! cut %\ld be made at "r angles to ! rim & ext5d 9 to ! rim4 ,n[ take a pair ( /rong flat-nos$ pli]s & grasp ! t9 firmly ) !m to ! "r ( ! cut & ) a quick d[nw>d motion ( ! pli] jaws />t to break away ! t9 next to ! rim z %[n 9 ,fig4 #cf4 ,! t9 w break away at ! angle ( ! lid & ! rim & %\ld peel away easily ) a s]ies ( quick d[nw>d movem5ts ( ! pli] jaws--a fre% grip %\ld be tak5 = ea* d[nw>d movem5t ( ! pli] jaws & ! ends ( ! pli] jaws %\ld be pu%$ up aga9/ ! rim ea* "t t !y are mov$ into a new position4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cf4 ,:5 ! t9 is trimm$ away place ! rim ( ! c on ! end ( ! maple block & use ! r\nd$ end ( ! =m+ mallet to hamm] ! t9 d[n tight to ! rim1 see ,fig4 #cg4 ,! pail is !n ready = ! lugs or h&le-hold+ pieces at ! sides4 ,^! are to be sold]$ & rivet$ 9 place4 ,=m+ ! ,lugs = ! ,h&le4--,cut two pieces ( t91 ea* #a by #c in*es1 fold ov] in* on ea* ( ! long sides ( ^! two pieces1 !n d\ble ov] ea* piece ) ! folds outside1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ch4 ,snip (f ! corn]s1 !n place ! lugs on ! maple block & pun* ?ree holes 9 ab\t ! position %[n4 ,see t ! holes are slightly l>g] ?an ! %anks ( ! rivets to be us$1 b d n get ! holes v mu* l>g] ?an ! rivets4 ,rivets are suppli$ by ! h>dw>e /ores 9 pla9 s(t black iron & also t9n$4 ,! t9n$ rivets are be/ = t9 "w z !y may be easily sold]$ to ! "w if necess>y4 ,^! t9n$ rivets are us$ = repres5t+ faucets1 try-cocks1 etc41 9 mak+ t9 c toys4 ,sev]al doz5 or a box ( ,no4 #ad ,t9n$ ,rivets %\ld be pur*as$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ch4 ,rivet+ ! ,lugs 9 ,position4--,sold] ! two lugs 9 position on ea* side ( ! top ( ! pail4 ,^! two holes %\ld come bel[ ! rim4 ,place ! pail ov] a r\nd log ( wood held 9 ! vise & pun* ! holes ,a1 ,b ?r\gh ! t9 ( ! pail1 us+ ! holes previ\sly pun*$ 9 ! lugs ( ! pail z a guide4 ,remove ! log ( wood f ! vise & place a l>ge piece ( r\nd pipe 9 x = an anvil on :i* to rivet4 ,pu% a rivet ?r\gh ! hole ,a1 & place ! pail on ! pipe 9 su* a mann] t ! head ( ! rivet re/s on ! iron pipe4 ,take a small rivet+ hamm] or a small ma*9e hamm] & hamm] d[n ! small end ( ! rivet t projects above ! "w1 see ,figs4 #ci & #dj4 ,hamm] r g5tly us+ _m light quick bl[s in/ead ( a few sma%+ heavy ones4 ,! light bl[s t5d to =m a bett] head on ! rivet & to hold ! metal m securely 9 place4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ci4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dj4 ,aft] y h _h "s exp]i5ce 9 rivet+1 y w f9d t ! ball pe51 or r\nd$ end ( a ma*9e hamm]1 is bett] to rivet ) ?an a flat-end$ hamm]4 ,:5 two rivets are plac$ 9 ea* ( ! lugs ! pail is ready = ! h&le4 ,=m+ a ,wire ,h&le4--,pail h&les may be made ( -in* galvaniz$ wire or any piece ( /rong1 /iff wire t is h&y4 ,! galvaniz$ wire is be/ z x w n ru/4 ,cut a piece ( wire #ad in*es 9 l5g?4 ,d n try to cut ?is wire ) y\r metal snips b use a heavy pair ( wire-cutt+ pli]s if y h !m4 ,a simple me?od ( cutt+ wire is to place ! wire 9 ! vise & use ! corn] ( a file to cut ?r\gh x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #da4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #db4 ,try+ to cut heavy wire ) ! metal %e>s w ru9 !m2 besides1 y c't d x4 ,m>k (f #a in*es f ea* end ( ! piece ( wire y h cut = ! h&le & b5d ea* end d[n at "r angles f ?is m>k1 see ,fig4 #db1 ,a4 ,?is may be easily done by plac+ ! wire 9 ! vise s t ! m>k = b5d+ is held exactly at ! top ( ! vise jaws1 !n use a hamm] to b5d ! wire ov] at "r angles1 see ,fig4 #da4 ,place ! wire ov] ! pipe held 9 ! vise & use a wood5 mallet to r\nd x ov] to ! =m %[n 9 ,fig4 #db1 ,b4 ,slip ! ends ( ! wire h&le ?r\gh ! holes pun*$ = x 9 ! lugs on ! pail & !n turn ! wire up at ! ends ) a heavy pair ( pli]s until x looks z %[n 9 ,fig4 #db1 ,c1 & ! pail is complet$4 ,if ! pail describ$ above is made ( a roll$-rim c x may be safely us$ = camp cook+1 z !re is no dang] t x w melt ap>t ov] ! fire4 ,:5 a sp\t & a lid are add$ to ! pail1 x w s]ve z an excell5t c(fee pot4 ,a c(fee pot & o!r cook+ ut5sils are %[n 9 ,fig4 #ie4 ,,*apt] ,x ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck ,,! ,,:eels--,,f\r ,,ways ,,( ,,mak+ ,,:eels ,,( ,,t9 ,,cans--,,mak+ ,a ,,:eel ,,f ,a ,,c ,,) ,,sold]$ ,,ends--,,mak+ ,,:eels ,,f ,,roll$-,,rim ,,cans--,,two ,,types ,,( ,,:eels ,,made ,,f ,,c ,,lids ,a v simple & /rong toy automobile truck may be made ( t9 cans4 ,if ! =ego+ problems h be5 c>efully work$ out1 !re is no reason :y "o %\ld f9d ! truck difficult to make1 provid$ ! directions are c>efully foll[$4 ,z ! con/ruction ( a truck is typical ( s _m :eel$ toys1 x 0 select$ z ! be/ type ) :i* to beg94 ,v>i\s fitt+s may be add$1 su* z lights1 f5d]s1 runn+ bo>ds1 h&les1 tool boxes1 etc41 b only aft] ! pla9 truck *assis1 hood1 seat & :eels h be5 successfully assembl$4 ,?is fir/ real problem 9 toy mak+ %\ld be kept z simple z possible4 ,:eels =m ! mo/ important "p ( any roll+ toy1 s ^! w be tak5 up fir/ & ea* me?od ( mak+ !m discuss$ at l5g?4 ,f\r ,ways ( ,mak+ ,:eels ( ,t9 ,cans4--,bo? types ( t9 cans may be us$ = mak+ :eels1 ! roll$ rim & ! sold]$ flange c1 b ! me?od ( mak+ ! :eel is diff]5t = ea* type ( c4 ,! press-9 c lids f molasses & syrup cans may also be us$ = mak+ :eels4 ,mak+ a ,:eel f a ,c ) ,sold]$ ,ends4--,suitable truck :eels may be made f ! smalle/ size evaporat$ milk cans4 ,cond5s$ milk cans are too l>ge = a small truck1 ?\gh ei!r ( ! above m5tion$ cans h ! sold]$ flang$ ends4 ,! cont5ts ( ^! evaporat$ milk cans is usually p\r$ ?r\gh "o ( two holes pun*$ ?r\gh ! cov]4 ,?is r5d]s ! cov] practically useless = mak+ "o side ( ! :eel1 unless ! holes are small1 s t eight cans w h to be us$ = mak+ f\r :eels4 ,if ! cans are op5$ on ! side ) a c op5] b f\r cans ne$ be us$1 z ea* end ( ! c is !n intact4 ,^! :eels are made by remov+ "o lid f ! c1 cutt+ ! c d[n to ! requir$ :eel wid?1 & !n sold]+ on ! lid aga94 ,:5 ! ends ( ! c are intact1 ! c is cut 9 two p>ts by cutt+ ar\nd ! sides ( ! c ) ! c op5]4 ,"o "p ( ! c is cut d[n to ! requir$ height z 9 mak+ a tray2 ?is height repres5ts ! wid? ( ! :eel4 ,! end is melt$ (f ! o!r "p ( ! c & ?is end is plac$ ov] ! fir/ "p ( ! c t is cut to ! wid? ( ! :eel4 ,x is !n sold]$ 9 place & ! :eel is made4 ,if pl5ty ( evaporat$ milk cans are n h&y1 x is bett] to buy f\r new1 fill$ cans f ! groc]1 z ^! small cans co/ only eight c5ts :5 fill$ ) milk4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dc4 ,empty ! cans by cutt+ a slit 9 ! side ) a %>p c op5]1 see ,fig4 #dc4 ,hold ! cans ov] a glass or j> until ! milk runs out into ! glass1 !n r9se ! cans out ) hot wat] :i* w also remove ! label4 ,cont9ue cutt+ ar\nd ! c ) ! c op5] until x is completely cut 9 half4 ,all f\r cans %\ld be empti$ & cut 9 two 9 ?is mann]4 ,z = ! milk1 any cook w "k :at to d ) t4 ,op5 ! divid]s to in* & scribe a l9e ar\nd ! bottom ( "o ( ! cans t has be5 cut 9 two1 us+ ! sold]$ edge ( ! rim aga9/ :i* to re/ "o po9t ( ! divid]s1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #dd4 ,cut away ! surplus t9 exactly z if y 7 mak+ a tray4 ,if ! cans h become d5t$ :5 !y 7 be+ cut ) ! c op5]1 place !m on a r\nd anvil & remove ! d5ts by hamm]+ g5tly ) a mallet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dd4 ,take up ano!r half c & make a cut f ! edge d[n to ! flange at ! bottom z %[n 9 ,fig4 #de4 ,take an old pair ( flat-nos$ pli]s & hold x ov] an op5 flame1 su* z a gas range or ! flame ( a sold]+ copp] heat]1 until ! sold] %[s 9 a bright l9e at ! jo9t ( ! c & lid1 !n take ! =m+ mallet & give ! lid at ! bottom a %>p tap or two ) x :i* %\ld knock ! lid away f ! sides ( ! c held by ! pli]s1 see ,fig4 #de4 ,d n use y\r good pli]s to hold ! c ov] ! flame1 z ! heat w soon take ! temp] out ( !m & r5d] !m useless4 ,x is n necess>y to get ! c r$ hot 9 ord] to melt ! sold]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #de4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #df4 ,:5 ! lid is remov$1 try to fit x on ! o!r "p ( ! c & x w be f\nd impossible to =ce ! t9 into ! lid )\t d5t+ ! sides ( ! c4 ,! rim or flange at ! edge ( ! lid mu/ be enl>g$ 9 ord] to place ! lid back on ! c4 ,! edge ( ! sides ( ! c to be fitt$ into ! lid %\ld be fil$ ) a small flat file to remove ! t9 rais$ by ! metal %e>s :5 cutt+ ar\nd ! c4 ,to enl>ge ! rim ( ! lid1 place x ov] a piece ( pipe held 9 a vise & hamm] ! rim ) a light hamm]1 turn+ ! lid sl[ly ar\nd on ! anvil z y hamm]1 see ,fig4 #df4 ,aft] hamm]+ completely ar\nd ! flange once or twice1 try to fit ! lid to ! c aga94 ,x %\ld fit )\t mu* hamm]+4 ,squeeze ! lid on ! c & hamm] x g5tly into place1 ! :eel be+ plac$ flat on ! b5* at ! "t4 ,sold] ! lid 9 place & ! :eel is f9i%$ except = ! axle holes4 ,a small drop ( sold] w be f\nd on ! lid ( all evaporat$ milk cans4 ,melt ?is away ) a hot sold]+ copp] & a r\nd hole w be f\nd exactly 9 ! c5t] ( ! lid4 ,?is hole may be enl>g$ to fit ! wire us$ = ! axle4 ,f9d ! c5t] ( ! side ( ! :eel ) ! divid]s z describ$ on page #cg1 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,use an ice pick to pun* a t9y hole exactly 9 ! c5t] ( ! :eel4 ,if -in* galvaniz$ wire is to be us$ = an axle1 pu% ! ice pick fur!r into ! hole1 turn+ ! pick :ile do+ s1 until ! hole is j l>ge en\gh to fit ! axle wire4 ,repeat ! process on ! o!r side ( ! :eel until ! hole !re is enl>g$ to fit ! axle wire1 ,fig4 #dg4 ,if ! axle holes are n exactly 9 ! c5t] ( ! :eel1 x w n run true4 ,a little c>e us$ 9 pun*+ ! holes w cause x to run true en\gh = any toy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dg4 ,if y possess a h& drill & a drill ! same size ( ! wire us$ = an axle1 y may drill ! hole 9 ! c5t] ( ! :eel in/ead ( pun*+ x ?r\gh4 ,to d ?is1 fir/ f9d ! c5t] ( ! :eel & !n make a slight d5t exactly 9 ! c5t] ( ! :eel ) ! ice pick or a small c5t] pun*4 ,! po9t ( ! drill is plac$ 9 ?is d5t :5 />t+ to drill ! hole4 ,i f9d x bett] to use a -in* drill & drill a hole ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! :eel ) ?is fir/1 !n use a drill ! same size z ! axle wire & enl>ge ! -in* hole ) ?is4 ,9 any case1 ! :eel %\ld be sold]$ toge!r be=e ! holes are put ?r\gh ! c5t]s4 ,f9i% up ! f\r :eels & lay !m aside until ! truck is ne>ly complet$1 z ! :eels are ! la/ ?+s to be add$4 ,galvaniz$ wire ( or in* diamet] is usually us$ = axles4 ,?is wire is usually c>ri$ 9 /ock at h>dw>e /ores4 ,x is usually furni%$ 9 coil$ =m & mu/ be /raight5$ out be=e be+ us$4 ,a piece is cut f ! coil ( wire long en\gh to make ! two axles4 ,x %\ld !n be plac$ on a flat metal surface & hamm]$ /raight4 ,mak+ ,:eels f ,roll$-,rim ,cans4--,a v /rong :eel may be us$ f roll$-rim cans4 ,?is process is slightly diff]5t f t us$ ) ! sold]$ flange cans4 ,:eels f #b to #f in*es 9 diamet] may be made by ?is second me?od1 b unless ?is type ( :eel is made f v small cans x is n s suitable = ! truck z ! :eels made f small evaporat$ milk cans4 ,eight roll$-rim cans w h to be us$ to make f\r :eels unless ! cans are op5$ at ! side :5 fir/ empti$4 ,bo? types ( :eels %\ld be made s z to become famili> ) ! mak+ ( ea* type1 z bo? types are us$ 9 mak+ ! models %[n 9 ?is book4 ,?is second type ( :eel is r easi] to make ?an ! fir/1 b y %\ld "k h[ to make ei!r type1 z !n _m diff]5t sizes ( :eels may be made ) :atev] cans y may h4 ,! roll$ rim is m (t5 employ$ 9 mak+ l>ge cans ?an 9 ! small] ones4 ,to make :eels suitable = a truck ( ! size describ$ "h1 small s\p cans may be us$2 ^! are usually roll$-rim cans4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dh4 ,to make a :eel f two roll$-rim cans1 a l9e %\ld be scrib$ ab\t ! base ( ! c1 in* f ! bottom1 & ! c cut d[n to ?is l9e1 see ,fig4 #dh1 ,a4 ,scribe a l9e in* f ! base ( ! second c & cut ?is c d[n to ?is l9e4 ,make a cut e in* ar\nd ! t9 at ! side ( ?is second c1 ea* cut to rea* ! base or rim ( ! c1 see ,fig4 #di1 ,b4 ,place ?is "p ( ! :eel on ! wood5 block & use ! rivet+ hamm] 7,c7 to drive ! cut side ( ! c inw>d z %[n 9 ,fig4 #di1 ,b4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #di4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ej4 ,n[ take up ! c cut d[n to in* & place x ov] a pipe anvil :i* is held 9 ! vise4 ,use a metal hamm] & hamm] ar\nd ! edge ( ?is c two or ?ree times to enl>ge x4 ,turn ! c ar\nd ! anvil :5 hamm]+ x4 ,!n try to pu% x d[n ov] ! second or turn$ "p ( ! second c z %[n 9 ,fig4 #di1 ,d4 ,if x does n fit1 cont9ue ! hamm]+ until ! two p>ts ( ! :eel fit toge!r & !n sold] !m 9 place & ! :eel is complet$1 except = ! axle holes1 :i* may be put 9 exactly ! same way z !y are put 9 ! fir/ type ( :eel4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,ix ,/eam roll] made by au?or ,/eam roll] made by a boy ( t5 ye>s ( age 9 a grade s*ool "u ! direction ( ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,campbell ,! l>ge roll] ( ! toy /eam roll] %[n 9 ,plate ,,ix is made ( roll$-rim cans z are ! l>ge :eels ( ! toy traction eng9e %[n 9 ,plate ,,xviii4 ,be sure to try bo? me?ods until y und]/& !m ?or\ghly1 z a great deal dep5ds on ! ability to make good :eels = a toy model4 ,two ,types ( ,:eels ,made f ,c ,lids4--,a ?ird me?od ( mak+ :eels is to use two c lids sold]$ toge!r1 b z x takes q a :ile to collect eight c lids ( ! same diamet]1 x is bett] to employ ?is me?od only occasionally1 z = flang$ c> :eels made to run on a track1 etc4 ,a glance at ,fig4 #ej1 ,a1 %\ld be en\gh to %[ h[ ^! :eels are made up ( two pu%$-9 c lids sold]$ toge!r at _! l>ge/ diamet]4 ,! fir/ two me?ods describ$ result 9 :eels t look l ! heavy truck :eels employ$ on actual trucks4 ,ano!r type ( :eel may be built ( ! flang$ pu%$-9 lids4 ,9 ?is type ! lids are sold]$ toge!r 9 j ! opposite way z t describ$ 9 ! ?ird me?od1 s t ! flanges are on ! outside ( ! :eels4 ,^! :eels are g5]ally us$ = belt :eels on ! me*anical models1 ,fig4 #ej1 ,b4 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck 7,cont9u$7 ,,=m+ ,,! ,,*assis--,,us+ ,,! ,,wood5 ,,ro(+ ,,fold]--,,fold+--,,us+ ,,! ,,vise ,,= ,,%ort ,,fold+--,,us+ ,,! ,,hat*et ,,/ake ,,= ,,fold+ ,=m+ ! ,*assis4--,! *assis or frame ( ! truck may be made f a s+le piece ( t9 cut f a gallon fruit c4 ,all f\r edges are turn$ d[n s z to =m a %all[ tray or box4 ,cut a piece ( t9 #ab by #d in*es4 ,use ! divid]s to m>k (f a l9e ( an in* inside all f\r sides1 b be sure t ! t9 is cut p]fectly squ>e be=e y d ?is inside m>k+4 ,cut 9 to ! l9es ,a ,a on all f\r ( ! d>k5$ l9es z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ea1 ,a4 ,place ! t9 on a %>p-edg$ block & fold d[n ! long sides #a & #b fir/4 ,rememb] n to try to fold ^! long sides or folds d[n all at once1 b r g ov] !m two or ?ree times lightly ) ! mallet z !y are be+ turn$ d[n at a "r angle4 ,take c>e t ! t9 folds ov] exactly at ! l9e4 ,:5 ! sides #a & #b are fold$ d[n at "r angles1 fold d[n ! ends #c & #d4 ,?is w leave f\r small ends ( ! two long sides project+ beyond ! ends z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ea1 ,b4 ,fold ^! 9 ov] ! ends ( ! *assis ) a mallet4 ,hold !m 9 place ) a pair ( flat-nos$ pli]s & sold] !m to ! ends :]e !y t\*1 s t ! *assis appe>s z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ea1 ,c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ea4 ,us+ ! ,wood5 ,ro(+ ,fold]4--,folds ( all k9ds may be v easily & quickly made by us+ ! wood5 ro(+ fold]1 ,plate ,,xii4 ,! "w turn$ out by ?is simple ma*9e is v /raight & true1 p>ticul>ly long folds or angles ( t94 ,! gauge may be set at any desir$ wid? up to ( an in* & any numb] ( folds ( ! desir$ wid? c be quickly & accurately produc$ by ins]t+ ! t9 betwe5 ! hold+ b>s & clos+ up ! fold]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eb4 ,! hold+ b>s are %[n at ,a ,a1 ,fig4 #eb4 ,! adju/able gauge at ,b1 ,c ,c are ! wood5 supports :i* are h+$ toge!r4 ,d is ! iron h&le1 ,e ! adju/+ screw1 ,f is ! piece ( t9 to be fold$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,x ,dump+ truck ) body hoi/$ by w9* "u seat1 made by ,miss ,m4 ,c4 ,newman ,unpa9t$ *assis ( toy auto truck made by au?or ,dump+ truck made by ,miss ,m4 ,c4 ,newman ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xi ,*assis ( toy auto truck %[+ spr+s ,dump+ truck made by a /ud5t ( ,tea*]s ,college ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xii ,wood5 ro(+ fold] ) a piece ( t9 ins]t$ ready to fold ,! fold] is %[n 9 ,fig4 #ec4 ,bo? ( ^! views are sectional to %[ ! work+ ( ! fold]4 ,! actual con/ruction may be easily und]/ood by look+ at ! actual fold]4 ,! gauge ,b1 ,fig4 #eb1 is adju/$ by fir/ loos5+ up ! five screws ,e ) a screw driv] & !n pull+ 9 or pu%+ out ! gauge ,b to ! desir$ wid? ( ! fold to be made4 ,! screws ,e are !n tight5$ up ) ! screw driv] & ! t9 ins]t$ betwe5 ! pieces ,a ,a4 ,! fold] is !n clos$ by grasp+ ! h&le ,d & clos+ ! two sides ( ! fold] toge!r4 ,:5 ! fold] is op5$1 ! t9 w be f\nd to be fold$ ov]4 ,! fold may !n be complet$ ) ! mallet if x is desir$ to close x up aga9/ ! t94 ,to =m a "r angle ! fold] is n completely clos$4 ,a little exp]im5t+ ) a piece ( scrap t9 w %[ h[ f> to close ! fold] 9 ord] to obta9 a giv5 angle4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ec4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to set ! gauge ,b p>allel ) ! hold+ b> ,a4 ,! fold] is ord9>ily set at in*4 ,?is is ! wid? ( mo/ ( ! folds made 9 ! t94 ,?is simple ma*9e w save mu* "t 9 t9 work+ & "o %\ld be pur*as$ if possible4 ,x is practically ! only way a long fold 9 a n>r[ /rip ( t9 may be made accurately4 ,! fold] may be us$ to fold d[n ! two long sides ( ! *assis1 ! ends may !n be turn$ d[n ov] ! edge ( a block z ! ends ( ! long folds w prev5t plac+ ! %ort folds 9 ! fold]4 ,n>r[ /rips ( t9 may be fold$ ov] & hamm]$ toge!r ) ! mallet4 ,^! /rips ( t9 may be slipp$ ov] ! %>p edges at ! bottom ( ea* side ( ! *assis1 ?us mak+ ! edges v /rong & remov+ ! dang] ( cutt+ ! f+]s4 ,fig4 #ea1 ,d1 %[s an enl>g$ view ( a corn] ( ! *assis ) ! fold$ t9 /rips slipp$ ov] ! l[] edges4 ,^! n>r[ fold$ /rips are v easily made on ! fold+ ma*9e4 ,cut two /rips ( t9 by #ab in*es & set ! fold] to fold in*1 place ! t9 9 ! fold] & fold x ov]4 ,remove x f ! fold] & hamm] x ne>ly toge!r ) ! mallet & !n place a sep>ate /rip ( t9 9 ! fold$ "p & cont9ue hamm]+ ) ! mallet until ! fold$ t9 is clos$ 9 on ! inside or ins]t$ /rip ( t94 ,! fold$ /rip is !n ready to slip ov] ! edge ( ! side ( ! *assis & to be sold]$ to x 9 sev]al places2 t is1 ! fold$ /rip ne$ n be sold]$ to ! *assis cont9u\sly1 b may be held 9 place by sold]+ ab\t e f\r in*es4 ,! two %ort /rips ( t9 by #d in*es %\ld !n be cut1 fold$ & sold]$ 9 place at ! %ort ends ( ! *assis4 7,no %>p edge %\ld be left ab\t a t9 c toy :5 x may be avoid$ by fold+ or cov]+47 ,a long n>r[ /rip ( t9 is r difficult to fold )\t ! use ( a fold]1 b x may be done ) ! mallet & block z foll[s3 ,fold+4--,if a /rip ( t9 by #ab in*es is to be fold$ ov]1 x is bett] to cut a /rip ( t9 #a by #ab in*es4 ,m>k (f in* all along "o long edge & fold x d[n ov] a block z 9 mak+ ! h&le ( ! cooky cutt]1 = y w !n h m metal to hold to :ile fold+4 ,:5 ! piece is completely fold$ d[n to a "r angle1 turn x ov] on ! block & close ! t9 d[n ) a mallet1 ins]t+ a piece ( t9 be=e clos+ ! t9 toge!r4 ,!n ! surplus t9 may be cut away & y h a n>r[ fold$ /rip4 ,z 9 all fold+ by h& us+ ! mallet & ! block1 ! t9 %\ld be gradually fold$ into place4 ,us+ ! ,vise = ,%ort ,fold+4--,! vise may be us$ to fold %ort pieces ( t9 v accurately4 ,! fold+ l9e is fir/ m>k$ on ! t92 ! t9 is !n plac$ & held 9 ! vise jaws s t ! l9e is p>allel ) & exactly at ! top ( ! jaws4 ,! mallet is !n us$ to hamm] ! t9 ov] to ! requir$ angle1 see ,fig4 #ed4 ,a v %>p accurate fold %\ld result4 ,us+ ! ,hat*et ,/ake = ,fold+4--,a special /ake has be5 devis$ = fold+ t94 ,?is is call$ ! hat*et /ake & is li/$ 9 ! supplem5t>y tool li/4 ,x is made 9 ! %ape ( ! lett] ,t4 ,! horizontal "p is made l a long n>r[-blad$ hat*et1 & ! v]tical %ank atta*$ to x may be held 9 ! vise or set 9 a hole 9 ! b5*1 see ,fig4 #ee4 ,! top edge ( ?is tool is p]fectly /raight & fairly %>p4 ,"o side ( ! blade runs /raight d[n f ! edge & ! o!r side slopes d[n at an angle consid]ably less ?an a "r angle4 ,! top edge ( ! hat*et /ake is us$ to fold ! t9 ov] & x is specially =m$ to p]mit ! fold+ ( m ?an a "r angle4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ed4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ee4 ,to use ! hat*et /ake1 a fold+ l9e is fir/ m>k$ on ! t94 ,?is l9e is kept directly ov] & p>allel ) ! top or edge ( ! /ake & ! mallet is us$ to fold ! t91 ! mallet bl[s be+ direct$ at ! top ( ! /ake z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ef4 ,! hat*et /ake is a v h&y tool ab\t ! %op1 ev5 if a fold] is includ$ 9 ! equipm5t1 z !re are "s jobs t w n p]mit ! use ( ! fold] to complete !m4 ,/rips ( t9 z long z ! blade ( ! hat*et /ake may be accurately fold$ ov] z foll[s3 ,a /rip ( maple #a in* ?ick & #b in*es wide & z long z ! blade ( ! /ake may be clamp$ aga9/ ! flat side ( ! blade ( ! hat*et /ake ) ! t9 to be fold$ held tightly betwe5 ! maple /rip & ! blade4 ,! mallet is !n us$ to fold ! t9 ov] t[>d ! slop+ side ( ! blade1 ,fig4 #eg4 ,sometimes two /rips ( maple may be clamp$ to a piece ( t9 to hold x accurately :ile be+ fold$1 b ?is me?od is r cumb]some4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ef4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eg4 ,! diff]5t me?ods ( fold+ h be5 describ$ at l5g? s t ! read] may become famili> ) all ( !m1 b a great deal ( fold+ may be done ov] a %>p-edg$ maple block1 if y h no?+ else ) :i* to "w4 ,pr(essional t9n]s use a v conv5i5t fold+ ma*9e made ( metal1 b ^! are v co/ly & ne$ n be describ$ "h4 ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck 7,cont9u$7 ,,mak+ ,,! ,,hood ,,& ,,radiator--,,cutt+ ,,! ,,v5ts--,,sold]+ ,,on ,,! ,,fill] ,,cap ,! hood & radiator may be made f a cocoa t91 a small olive oil or cook+ oil c1 provid$ t ! c is %ap$ z %[n 9 ,fig4 #eh1 :i* %[s ! bottom & sides ( a cocoa t94 ,! c is fir/ cut d[n to ! dott$ l9e ,a4 ,!n ! c is cut at ! dott$ l9e ,b4 ,!n "s holes are pun*$ 9 regul> r[s 9 ! bottom ( ! c to produce ! radiator4 ,slits are cut 9 ! side ( ! c to =m v5ts & a cap f a too?-pa/e or pa9t tube is sold]$ on ne> ! roll$ rim = a fill] cap & ! hood is complete z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ei4 ,! rectangul> c select$ = ! hood is m>k$ & cut to %ape z foll[s3 ,op5 ! divid]s to #b in*es & m>k ! l9e ,a ar\nd ! c1 ,fig4 #eh4 ,be=e cutt+ ! c d[n to ?is l9e set ! divid]s to #b in*es & m>k ! l9e ,b horizontally ar\nd ! c4 ,to d ?is1 re/ ! c flat on ! b5* & on ! side t is to =m ! top ( ! hood4 ,re/ "o po9t ( ! divid]s on ! b5* & let ! o!r po9t re/ aga9/ ! side ( ! c :]e ! dott$ l9e ,b is indicat$4 ,/ill hold+ ! c flat on ! b5*1 move x aga9/ ! divid] po9t 9 su* a mann] t ! l9e ,b is scrib$ horizontally ar\nd ! sides & bottom ( ! c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ei4 ,cut ! c d[n to ! l9e ,a1 !n take up a small %>p-corn]$ file & file completely ?r\gh ! roll$ rim at ! corn]s m>k$ ,c & ,c on ! l9e ,b4 ,use ! edge ( ! file & make a triangul> cut4 ,?is fil+ w greatly simplify cutt+ ! roll$ rim :i* is h>d to cut ?r\gh ) ! %e>s4 ,!n cut into ! rim on ! l9e ,b1 cutt+ f ! l9e ,a4 ,b5d ! two halves ( ! c op5 f> en\gh to admit ! %e>s & cut across ! bottom ( ! c on ! dott$ l9e ,b4 ,cut v c>efully s t ! "p ( ! c at ! l9e ,b1 =m+ ! bottom ( ! hood1 w re/ flat on ! b5* all ar\nd4 ,if x re/s flat on ! b5*1 x w re/ flat on ! t9 frame ( ! truck :]e x is to be sold]$ 9 place4 ,! next ?+ to d is to pun* ! holes to =m ! radiator4 ,! front ( ! hood is re/$ on a block ( wood & a v %>p pun* %\ld be us$ = pun*+ ! holes1 su* z an ice pick or a v %>p-po9t$ nail4 ,fir/ m>k (f ! radiator 9 regul> squ>es1 us+ ! depress$ l9e usually f\nd 9 ! bottom ( ?is type ( c z a b\nd>y l9e = ! squ>es4 ,divide up ! space into squ>es z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #fj1 ,a1 leav+ a cle> bord] ( t9 all ar\nd ! space to be pun*$4 ,f9d a block ( wood t w fit inside ! hood z %[n 9 ,fig4 #fj1 ,c1 & place "o end ( ?is 9 ! vise4 ,see t ! end is sawn (f squ>e be=e plac+ ! hood ov] x 9 ! position %[n4 ,take up ! pun* & c>efully pun* ! holes z !y are m>k$ by ! dots 9 ,fig4 #fj1 ,a1 at ea* l9e int]section4 ,!n pun* a hole 9 ! c5t] ( ea* squ>e & !n a hole %\ld be pun*$ betwe5 e o!r hole on all ! l9es =m+ ! squ>es1 see ,fig4 #fj1 ,b4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to pun* all ! holes ( ! same size & to get !m 9 regul> r[s4 ,?is makes a neat & workman-l job4 ,cutt+ ! ,v5ts4--,v5ts may be cut 9 ea* side ( ! hood ) a %>p *isel4 ,an old wood or c>p5t]'s *isel ab\t an in* wide w d v well or a %>p cold *isel may be us$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fj4 ,use ! same wood5 block t y us$ to pun* out ! radiator on & place x horizontally 9 ! vise jaws s t en\gh ( x projects beyond !m to support ! hood z %[n 9 ,fig4 #fa4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fa4 ,use ! divid]s to m>k (f f\r or five v5ts & see to x t !y are laid out squ>e ) ! hood4 ,try to f9d a *isel t is z wide z ! v5t is long1 a #a-;in* cutt+ edge is ab\t "r4 ,place ! edge ( ! *isel squ>ely on ! m>k & hamm] x ?r\gh ! t9 ) sev]al bl[s f ! mallet4 ,make ^! cuts v /raight & p>allel ) ea* o!r4 ,cut ! v5ts 9 bo? sides ( ! hood & ! hood is !n ready to h ! fill] cap sold]$ on4 ,sold]+ on ! ,fill] ,cap4--,use a l>ge siz$ screw cap ( a too?-pa/e tube or ! cap f a pa/e or pa9t tube = ! fill] cap4 ,"s ( ^! caps are octagonal 9 %ape & h v>i\s initials /amp$ on ! top & ^! look v mu* l ! fill] caps us$ on ! radiators ( real automobiles4 ,clean away all pa/e or pa9t f ! inside ( ! cap & !n scrape ! l[] edge bright & clean4 ,^! caps are usually made ( a comb9ation ( metals t is v mu* l ! sold] us$ = sold]+ t9 & !y w melt v easily if br\ght 9 contact ) a sold]+ copp]1 s t ! cap mu/ be sold]$ to ! hood by an indirect heat+ me?od4 ,sold]+ pa/e is fir/ appli$ to ! top ( ! hood :]e ! cap is to be sold]$ & !n a small puddle ( sold] is appli$ to ! t9 at ?is place ) a hot sold]+ copp]4 ,! sold] is all[$ to cool & !n ! cap is plac$ 9 position on ! sold] aft] apply+ a bit ( sold]+ pa/e to its l[] edge4 ,heat ! sold]+ copp] v hot & apply x inside ! hood s t z mu* ( ! po9t z possible re/s directly "u ! puddle ( sold] on :i* ! cap re/s1 ,fig4 #fb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fb4 ,hold x 9 ?is position until ! puddle ( sold] melts & a bright l9e ( sold] is se5 to run ar\nd ! base ( ! cap :]e x re/s on ! hood4 ,remove ! copp] j z soon z ! sold] melts & runs ar\nd ! cap & let ! sold] h>d5 be=e mov+ ! hood ab\t4 ,if ! cap moves out ( place :ile ! sold] is molt51 ow+ to ! bubbl+ ( ! sold]+ pa/e1 x may imm$iately be pu%$ back into place ) a mat*/ick be=e ! sold] h>d5s4 ,! hood w become v hot be=e ! sold] melts "u ! cap1 b x may be easily held to ! b5* by wrapp+ a rag ar\nd x to protect ! h&4 ,a ?ick squ>e b> ( iron may be heat$ to a dull r$ at ! end & us$ 9 place ( ! sold]+ copp] = sold]+ on ! cap4 ,ei!r ! copp] or ! b> ( iron mu/ be v hot4 ,!y mu/ be heat$ to a mu* great] temp]ature ?an ord9>ily us$ = sold]+4 ,:5 ! fill] cap is sold]$ 9 place ! hood is ready to be sold]$ to ! frame1 b ! da%-bo>d & seat %\ld be made be=e ?is is done4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck 7,cont9u$7 ,,! ,,da%-,,bo>d--,,! ,,seat--,,assembl+ ,,! ,,truck--,,spr+s--,,sold]+ ,,! ,,:eels ,,on ,,! ,,axles--,,/rip ,,wa%]s ,! ,da%-,bo>d4--,! da%-bo>d is ! next ?+ to be made1 & !n ! seat4 ,! hood1 da%-bo>d & seat are !n sold]$ to ! frame4 ,f\r imitation spr+s are !n made & sold]$ to ! bottom ( ! frame2 holes are pun*$ 9 ^! = axles2 ! :eels & axles are put 9 place1 & ! *assis ( ! truck is f9i%$4 ,! da%-bo>d may be =m$ 9 two ways2 "o way is to use "p ( a roll$-rim c1 ! roll$ rim =m+ ! top1 & ! o!r way is to fold ov] ?ree edges ( a piece ( t9 & =m ?is into a da%-bo>d4 ,! fir/ me?od looks bett]1 b ! la/ me?od is easi]4 ,select a l>ge roll$-rim c1 measure (f #e in*es along ! roll$ rim & f ea* end ( ?is measurem5t1 run a l9e #b in*es d[n ! side ( ! c4 ,!n m>k a l9e ar\nd ! c #b in*es d[n f ! roll$ rim & cut ! c d[n to ?is l9e exactly z y w\ld cut a c d[n to any l9e1 see ,fig4 #fc4 ,!n cut out ! piece #b by #e in*es includ+ ! rim4 ,use ! flat-nos$ pli]s & break away ! t9 next ! rim :]e ! c 0 fir/ op5$ ) ! c op5]1 j z y did :5 mak+ a pail4 ,hamm] d[n any t9 left next ! rim & !n place ! piece ( t9 on ! b5* or flat anvil & flatt5 x d[n1 roll$ rim & all4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fc4 ,use ! divid]s to m>k (f in* along ! two %ort ends ( ! piece at "r angles to ! rim1 !n use a file to cut (f in* at ea* end ( ! roll$ rim4 ,cut 9 on ea* ( ! d>k5$ l9es ,a ,a to ! l9es ,b j "u ! roll$ rim1 ,fig4 #fd4 ,!n fold ! metal 9 betwe5 ! l9es ,b & ,c to give a r\nd$ edge to ! sides ( ! da%-bo>d1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #fe4 ,place a piece ( r\nd b> iron or a pipe ab\t #a in* 9 diamet] 9 ! vise & r\nd ov] ea* end ( ! da%-bo>d s t ! fold$ edges are inside z %[n 9 ,fig4 #fe1 & !n r\nd ov] ! ends ( ! roll$ rim ) a flat file to make !m smoo? & ! da%-bo>d is f9i%$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fe4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ff4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fg4 ,to make a da%-bo>d out ( a flat piece ( t91 cut out a piece #b by #e in*es4 ,set ! divid]s to in* & scribe a l9e in* inside ?ree edges ( ! piece4 ,cut (f two corn]s at ! top & fold 9 ! flaps to ! dott$ l9e z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ff4 ,r\nd ov] ! ends ( ! da%-bo>d z describ$ above & to ! same dim5sions4 ,! ,seat4--,a v simple seat may be made = ! truck out ( ?ree pieces ( t94 ,use a piece ( t9 ) ! roll$ rim at ! top z 9 mak+ ! da%-bo>d4 ,cut a piece ( t9 #c by #c in*es1 fold 9 two ( ! sides exactly z y did = ! da%-bo>d & cut (f ! roll$ rim until x is ev5 ) ! sides aft] turn+ & r\nd ov] ! ends ( ! roll$ rim ) a file4 ,use ! divid]s to m>k two l9es p>allel ) ! roll$ rim1 "o l9e #a in* 9 & ! o!r #b in*es z %[n 9 ,fig4 #fg by ! dott$ l9es4 ,b5d ! piece ov] a block z %[n until x is %ap$ l ! seat %[n 9 ,fig4 #fh4 ,cut two pieces ( t9 #a by #a in*es4 ,m>k a l9e in* 9 f ! ends ( "o ( ! %ort sides ( ea* piece & b5d ?is "p at "r angles1 ,fig4 #fh1 ,a4 ,^! two pieces are to be slipp$ "u ea* end ( ! seat & sold]$ to x & !n trimm$ (f ) ! %e>s until ! :ole bottom edge ( ! seat re/s flat on ! frame :]e x is to be sold]$4 ,! two side pieces or supports are made too long purposely s t !y may be trimm$ (f aft] !y are sold]$ to ! seat4 ,! hood1 da%-bo>d & seat %\ld be sold]$ 9 place4 ,assembl+ ! ,truck4--,set ! divid]s to in* & scribe a l9e in* 9 f ! front end ( ! frame4 ,place ! front ( ! hood p>allel ) ?is l9e & see t ! hood is set exactly 9 ! middle ( ! frame2 t x is set at ! same di/ance f ! side ( ! hood to ! side ( ! frame on ea* side4 ,sold] ! hood 9 place4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fi4 ,:5 sold]+ ! hood to ! frame1 x is bett] to re/ ! frame on a block ( wood s t ! block supports ! frame t is directly "u ! hood :5 sold]+ ! hood to ! frame4 ,! block w prev5t ! t9 f bulg+ d[n f ! heat ( ! copp] & f ! pressure ( ! h& :5 hold+ ! hood 9 place to sold] x4 ,set ! da%-bo>d 9 place back ( ! hood & see t x fits snugly 9 place aga9/ ! hood & also ! frame & !n sold] x 9 place4 ,if e jo9t is made to fit snugly be=e attempt+ to sold] x1 no tr\ble %\ld be exp]i5c$1 b sometimes a crack w develop ow+ to ! expansion ( ! t9 "u heat ( ! sold]+ copp]4 ,^! cracks may be fill$ 9 ) sold] by fe$+ a /rip ( sold] aga9/ ! po9t ( ! hot copp] :5 sold]+4 ,?is causes a lot ( sold] to run into ! crack & fill x4 ,sold] ! seat 9 position s t ! front ( ! seat is ab\t #a in* f ! ends ( ! da%-bo>d4 ,spr+s4--,holes may be pun*$ ?r\gh ! sides ( ! frame & ! axles run ?r\gh !m if a v simple truck is to be made1 b imitation spr+s may be easily made f "p ( ! sides & bottom ( a c4 ,^! spr+s raise ! frame ( ! truck above ! axles & give x a m reali/ic appe>ance4 ,cut two ?ree-in* cans d[n to in* 9 height4 ,turn ^! cans bottom up & place ! rul] across ! rim ( ea* c bottom 9 turn 9 su* a way z to measure #b in*es f rim to rim4 ,!n measure (f ano!r #b in*es on ea* rim z %[n 9 ,fig4 #fi4 ,file ?r\gh ! rims at ,a ,a & !n cut /raight d[n ! sides ( ! c at ,a ,a ,a :i* %\ld give y ?ree spr+s f ea* c4 ,sold] two spr+s to ! bottom & side ( ! frame in* f ! front end & ! two re> spr+s %\ld be sold]$ #a in* 9 f ! back end4 ,use an ice pick to pun* a hole 9 ea* spr+ to receive ! axle & be sure t ^! holes are all ! same di/ance f ! top ( ! frame 7use ! divid]s to det]m9e ?is71 & also t ea* hole is squ>e across f ! opposite axle hole 7use ! try squ>e to det]m9e ?is74 ,! axle holes %\ld be pun*$ ?r\gh ) an ice pick & be made some:at l>g] ?an ! axle wire s t ! axle wire fits v loosely 9 ! hole1 b be sure to h all ! holes ! same size4 ,sold]+ ! ,:eels on ! ,axles4--,! wire axles %\ld be cut long en\gh to g entirely ?r\gh ea* :eel & across ! frame & to all[ a di/ance ( in* betwe5 ! frame ( ! truck & ea* :eel4 ,! l5g? ( ! axles may be easily det]m9$ by plac+ ! frame ( ! truck flat on ! b5* & plac+ ! two :eels 9 position1 ea* :eel to /& out in* f ! side ( ! truck4 ,measure ! di/ance ) a rul] f ! out] edge ( "o :eel to ! out] edge ( ! o!r & add in* to ?is di/ance1 see ,fig4 #gj4 ,cut ! two wire axles to ?is measurem5t & see t !y are p]fectly /raight aft] cutt+4 ,place "o end ( an axle ?r\gh a :eel until ! end ( x projects beyond ! outside ( ! :eel ab\t ( an in*4 ,put "s sold]+ pa/e on ! end ( ! axle & on ! :eel next to ! axle & use a well-heat$ sold]+ copp] to sold] ! :eel to ! axle4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ga4 ,to d ?is1 place ! :eel flat on ! edge ( ! b5* s t ! axle hole is j ov] ! edge & s t ! axle may be held aga9/ ! side ( ! b5*4 ,hold ! :eel & axle firmly 9 ?is position & lay ! hot sold]+ copp]1 well *>g$ ) sold]1 on ! end ( ! axle wire j above ! :eel4 ,! end ( ! axle w heat up v quickly & ! sold] %\ld run d[n & =m a puddle ab\t ! axle :5 t "p ( ! :eel next ! axle is heat$ up to ! fl[+ po9t ( ! sold]4 ,! end ( ! axle %\ld n project m ?an in* beyond ! :eel & ! sold]+ copp] %\ld be heat$ ?or\ghly & be well *>g$ ) sold]1 see ,fig4 #ga4 ,! :eels ne$ only be sold]$ to ! axle on "o side ( ea* :eel if ! holes = ! axle fit x v snugly4 ,ano!r me?od ( hold+ ! :eel 9 position on ! axle :ile be+ sold]$ is to drill a hole exactly ! same size z ! axle ?r\gh a fairly ?ick block ( wood & to pu% ! axle ?r\gh ?is hole until j en\gh ( x projects s t :5 ! :eel is slipp$ ov] x in* ( ! axle w project beyond ! :eel4 ,! wood5 block may !n be plac$ 9 ! vise & ! :eel slipp$ ov] ! axle & sold]$ to x4 ,! hole drill$ ?r\gh ! block mu/ be drill$ at "r angles to ! face ( ! block :]e ! :eel is to re/4 ,a hole may be drill$ at "r angles to a wood or metal surface by us+ a b5* or po/ drill if y h "o4 ,:eels may be set on ! axle v accurately by ?is la/ me?od4 ,:5 "o :eel is sold]$ to ea* axle lay !m aside & make "s wa%]s = ! axles be=e ! two rema9+ :eels are sold]$ on4 ,^! wa%]s are plac$ on ! axles betwe5 ! frame & ea* :eel to keep ! :eels f runn+ aga9/ ! truck4 ,/rip ,wa%]s4--,^! wa%]s may be made f n>r[ /rips ( t9 w\nd ar\nd ! axles l a tightly coil$ clock spr+4 ,cut a /rip ( t9 ( an in* wide & #h in*es long4 ,take a pair ( r\nd-nos$ pli]s & b5d "o end ov] at a %>p curve t fits ab\t ! axle wire4 ,hold ! curv$ "p ( ! t9 to ! axle ) ! flat-nos$ pli]s & w9d ! t9 ar\nd ! wire 9 a "r coil tak+ fre% grip on ! t9 /rip ) ! pli]s ea* "t ! t9 is w\nd ar\nd4 ,w9d ! t9 ab\t ! axle f\r times & !n cut ! rema9+ t9 away & use x to make ! o!r ?ree wa%]s1 see ,fig4 #gb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gc4 ,slip "o wa%] on "o ( ! axles next to "o ( ! :eels sold]$ to x2 !n pu% ! axle ?r\gh ! axle holes 9 ! spr+s & !n place ano!r wa%] on x be=e plac+ ano!r or second :eel on ! axle4 ,! wa%]s are n sold]$ 9 place b simply left loose on ! axle4 ,! second :eel is plac$ on ! axle & sold]$ to x z ! fir/ :eel 04 ,! truck may be plac$ on its side to br+ ! second :eel into a conv5i5t position = sold]+4 ,be sure t ! axle turns easily 9 ! axle holes & t !re is pl5ty ( room = ! wa%]s betwe5 ! sides ( ! frame & ! :eel be=e sold]+ ! second :eel 9 place4 ,! second :eel may be sold]$ on ! second axle 9 ! same way & !n ! *assis is f9i%$ & ready to run1 see ,fig4 #gc4 ,v>i\s bodies may be plac$ on ! re> ( ! *assis & a /e]+ :eel1 crank & lights may be add$ :5 x is ?us f> successfully complet$1 & ^! w be describ$ 9 ! next *apt]4 ,d n be disc\rag$ if y h manag$ to get m sold] ab\t ! truck ?an seems necess>y1 z x may be scrap$ away z describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,xxi1 page #bjj4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck 7,cont9u$7 ,,truck ,,bodies--,,diff]5t ,,types ,,( ,,bodies ,,to ,,be ,,fitt$ ,,to ,,! ,,same ,,*assis--,,! ,,tank ,,truck--,,! ,,/reet ,,spr9kl]--,,! ,,coal ,,or ,,s& ,,truck--,,! ,,army ,,truck--,,! ,,ambulance--,,! ,,fire ,,eng9e ,a p]man5t body ( a c]ta9 type may be sold]$ directly to ! re> "p ( ! *assis or slides may be sold]$ to ! re> "p ( ! *assis & diff]5t types ( truck bodies arrang$ to fit into ^! slides s t "o *assis may be arrang$ to hold a numb] ( diff]5t bodies4 ,a coal truck may be trans=m$ into a tank truck & f a tank truck into an army truck or an ambulance1 etc4 ,a driv]'s cab may be fitt$ ov] ! seat & any numb] ( reali/ic details add$ to ! truck1 limit$ only by ! ability ( ! mak]4 ,! wagon body is ! simple/ to make1 z x may be made f a squ>e c ) r\nd$ corn]s4 ,! two qu>t or gallon cans t h conta9$ olive or cook+ oils make up into v reali/ic truck bodies4 ,! body ( ! army truck %[n 9 ! frontispiece 0 made f a two-qu>t c t _h conta9$ a cook+ oil ( a v well-kn[n br&4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gd4 ,! object is to f9d a rectangul> c t is j ab\t ! wid? ( ! *assis s t ! tops ( ! :eels w cle> x nicely4 ,cut ! c 9 two l5g?wise1 us+ ! file to cut ?r\gh ! r\nd$ or roll$ rims1 see ,fig4 #gd1 ,a4 ,! c w probably be too long = a well proportion$ body & w h to be cut d[n to a suitable l5g?1 ab\t #g in*es4 ,truck bodies usually ov]hang ! *assis4 ,/udy "s ( ! big trucks se5 on ! /reets1 z "s ( !m are rem>kably easy to reproduce4 ,if ! c has to be %ort5$1 use a c op5] or ! d\ble cutt+ %e>s & cut ar\nd ! c #a in* f ei!r end until "o end ( ! c is completely cut away1 !n cut ! %ort] end d[n to in* at ! side1 leav+ t mu* ( ! side ( ! c s t x may be slipp$ inside ! o!r or l>g] "p ( ! c :5 t "p ( ! c is cut d[n to a suitable l5g?1 :5 ! %ort] end is sold]$ 9 place to =m ! end ( ! body1 see ,fig4 #gd1 ,b4 ,:5 "o end is cut (f ! c1 cut ! c 9 two l5g?wise s t ! "p to be us$ is ab\t #a in*es high1 & !n cut (f ! %ort] end s t x is also #a in*es high to correspond to ! o!r "p ( ! body4 ,!n fit 9 ! end ( ! c & sold] x 9 place4 ,cut f\r /rips ( t9 in* 9 wid?1 two ( !m z long z ! two sides ( ! c & two z long z ! ends & fold ^! /rips ov] to make a protection = ! top edges ( ! body j z y did = ! l[] edges ( ! *assis4 ,sold] ^! /rips 9 place & ! body is f9i%$ & ready to be sold]$ to ! truck1 see ,fig4 #gd1 ,c4 ,diff]5t ,types ( ,bodies to be ,fitt$ to ! ,same ,*assis4--,! body describ$ above may be sold]$ directly to ! *assis ( ! truck or to a /rip ( t9 & s arrang$ z to slide onto ! *assis betwe5 two slides made ( fold$ t94 ,^! slides are sold]$ directly to ! *assis 9 ! re> ( ! seat & ! diff]5t types ( bodies arrang$ to fit betwe5 !m1 ?us us+ ! same *assis = z _m diff]5t types ( bodies z "o c>es to make = x4 ,! fix$ slides %\ld be made ( two -in* /rips ( t9 z long z ! back or floor ( ! *assis1 ab\t #f in*es4 ,^! /rips are fold$ ov] into a gutt] %ape z are ! /rips us$ to protect ! bottom edge ( ! truck frame1 b ! fold$ /rips us$ = ! slides are left some:at m op51 ab\t in* betwe5 ! edges1 s t :5 sold]$ to ! truck a /rip ( t9 may be easily slipp$ betwe5 !m z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ge4 ,a flat /rip ( t9 %\ld be cut z long z ! two slides & ( su* a wid? t x w fit easily into ! slides sold]$ to ! truck to receive x4 ,c>e %\ld be us$ :5 sold]+ ! slides to ! truck to get !m p>allel ) ! sides ( ! frame & also p>allel ) ea* o!r z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ge4 ,sev]al cross-memb]s may be made ( fold$ t9 & may be sold]$ to ! flat piece ( t9 t is to slide betwe5 ! slides4 ,! truck body %\ld be sold]$ to ^! cross-memb]s s t ! body w cle> ! fix$ slides :5 slipp$ into place4 ,^! cross-memb]s or body supports are usually f\nd "u ! bodies ( l>ge trucks & !y add a v reali/ic t\* to ! model4 ,!y %\ld be j long en\gh to cle> ! edges ( ! fix$ slides :5 atta*$ to ! flat /rip ( t94 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ge4 ,cut ?ree pieces ( t9 #a in*es wide & long en\gh to make ! cross-memb]s1 ab\t #c in*es 7make sure ( ?is measurem5t = y\rself74 ,scribe a l9e in* 9 f ea* ( ! long sides ( ! ?ree pieces & !n fold d[n two sides ( ea* piece f ! scrib$ l9es1 mak+ ?ree cross-memb]s or supports z %[n 9 ,fig4 #gf4 ,sold] ^! to ! flat /rip ( t9 t is to fit betwe5 ! fix$ slides4 ,! truck body %\ld be sold]$ to ^! ?ree supports4 ,a r\nd c ) ! lid sold]$ on w make a v satisfactory tank truck4 ,a "p ( a small c1 su* z a too? p[d] c1 may be sold]$ to ! top ( ! tank = a fill] dome & imitation faucets made ( wire or ( brass cup hooks may be sold]$ to ! re> ( ! tank & a small deliv]y c may easily be made & hung on ! faucets z %[n 9 ,plate ,,xiii4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gf4 ,six diff]5t types ( truck bodies t may be atta*$ to ! *assis are %[n 9 ,fig4 #gg4 ,! ,tank ,truck4--,! tank truck is made f a rectangul> cook+ oil c ) a "p ( a small c sold]$ to ! top4 ,! faucets are made ( pieces ( galvaniz$ wire b5t ov] at an angle4 ,! ,/reet ,spr9kl]4--,! /reet spr9kl] may be made f a l>ge r\nd c1 su* z a molasses or syrup c ) ! lid sold]$ on to make x wat] tight4 ,a hole is cut 9 ! top ( ! c & ! top1 or op5 end1 ( a small s\p c is sold]$ ov] ! hole4 ,! spr9kl] tubes are made ( /rips ( t9 roll$ ar\nd a l>ge nail & !n sold]$ toge!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xiii ,oil tank truck made by ,miss ,nell ,guilb]t1 ,tea*]s ,college ,toy ,=d made by au?or ,re> view ( toy ,=d made by au?or4 ,tires are made ( tee?+ r+s ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xiv ,r$ ,cross ambulance made by ,miss ,frances ,jones ,re> ( ,r$ ,cross ambulance made by ,miss ,jones ,! spr9kl] ends are made ( small r\nd metal boxes ) t9y holes pun*$ 9 ! "u side4 ,a hole is pun*$ 9 ! top ( ea* r\nd box & ! spr9kl] ends are sold]$ to ! tubes & ! tubes sold]$ to ! tank :i* has holes pun*$ 9 x to admit wat] to ! tubes 9 su* a way t ! wat] conta9$ 9 ! tank w fl[ f ! tank into ! tubes & out ( ! spr9kl] holes pun*$ 9 ! small boxes4 ,^! small boxes or spr9kl] ends may be made ( ?umb tack boxes or f two bottle caps sold]$ toge!r1 b ! cr9kl$ "p %\ld be cut away f ! bottle caps be=e sold]+4 ,! ,coal or ,s& ,truck4--,! coal or s& truck body is made ( less ?an half ( a rectangul> cook+ oil c1 ! top ( ea* side fl>$ out & extra pieces fitt$ to ea* end s z to fit into ! fl>+ sides & to ea* end4 ,all %>p edges %\ld be fold$ ov] or extra fold$ /rips ( t9 fold$ ov] & plac$ ov] ! edges ( ! truck body4 ,! ,army ,truck4--,! army truck body is made f "p ( a cook+ oil c4 ,galvaniz$ wire ( small diamet] is b5t into hoop =m & sold]$ to ! sides4 ,^! hoops may be cov]$ ) a khaki-color$ clo? l ! "o %[n on ! l>ge army truck 9 frontispiece2 a khaki-color$ h&k]*ief w make an excell5t cov] = a small truck4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gh4 ,! ,ambulance4--,! ambulance body may be made f a l>ge cook+ oil c4 ,bo? ends are cut out ( ! c & ! extra t9 trimm$ away4 ,"o side ( ! c is cut (f & a flat piece ( t9 sold]$ across ! op5 side ( ! c to =m ! floor ( ! ambulance4 ,a hood to cov] ! driv]'s seat is made f ! curv$ side ( ! c cut away to =m ! floor ( ! body4 ,two /rips ( t9 may be sold]$ to ! side ( ! body to =m seats or /ret*]s & two pieces ( galvaniz$ wire may be sold]$ to ! seats & to ! floor & ro( ( ! body to =m h&les4 ,! re> /ep may be made ( a piece ( fold$ t9 & two pieces ( galvaniz$ wire z %[n4 ,a reali/ic t\* may be giv5 to ! ambulance by mak+ a small curta9 ( c>riage lea!r & atta*+ x to ! re> ( ! ro( s t x may be roll$ up & fa/5$ 9 place4 ,! ,fire ,eng9e4--,! fire eng9e boil] may be made f a tomato c ) sev]al diff]5t siz$ c lids sold]$ to ! bottom to =m ! smoke hood & a cyl9d] ( t9 sold]$ to ! lids to =m a *imney4 ,! fl>+ top ( ! *imney may be made ( ! small c5t] lid sometimes f\nd 9 ! ends ( r\nd cans4 ,?is small lid or seal] may be melt$ (f1 ! c5t] cut out ( x1 & !n may be sold]$ to ! top ( ! *imney4 ,! /eam gauge & wat] gauge may be made ( ! screw tops ( cook+ oil cans4 ,! wat] glass may be made ( a small piece ( galvaniz$ wire & ! try cocks ( rivets sold]$ to ! boil]4 ,! rivets may be held 9 place :ile sold]+ by a pair ( pli]s4 ,! boil] plat=m may be made ( a s>d9e c4 ,! eng9e & pump cyl9d]s may be made ( adhesive tape boxes or /rips ( t9 roll$ into cyl9drical =m & ends sold]$ 9 place4 ,! eng9e :eel may be made f an evaporat$ milk c4 ,! air *amb] may be made f a nickel$ %av+ /ick box or a brass curta9 pole ball4 ,! :i/le may be made f a us$ 4#bb c>tridge case1 etc4 ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,mak+ ,a ,,toy ,,auto ,,truck 7,cont9u$7 ,,! ,,/>t+ ,,crank--,,! ,,/e]+ ,,:eel ,,& ,,column--,,mud ,,gu>ds ,,& ,,runn+ ,,bo>ds--,,lights1 ,,tool ,,boxes1 ,,horns1 ,,etc4--,,driv]s' ,,cabs ,v>i\s fitt+s may be add$ to ! truck & ^! add v mu* to ! g5]al appe>ance & make ! truck v reali/ic4 ,! ,/>t+ ,crank4--,a />t+ crank may be made ( a piece ( galvaniz$ wire b5t into a crank %ape & plac$ 9 position ?r\gh holes pun*$ = x 9 front ( ! frame & ?r\gh an extra piece sold]$ und]nea? ! frame4 ,cut a piece ( galvaniz$ wire ab\t #e in*es 9 l5g?4 ,fairly heavy wire w look bett] ?an ?9 wire :5 made up into a crank4 ,m>k (f #a in* f "o end ( ! wire & !n make ano!r m>k #a in* 9 f ?is "o4 ,place ! wire 9 ! vise jaws s t ! fir/ m>k is p>allel ) ! top ( ! jaws4 ,use a hamm] to b5d ! wire ov] at "r angles1 !n move ! wire up to ! second m>k & b5d ! wire aga9 at "r angles s z to produce a crank =m z %[n 9 ,fig4 #gi4 ,use an ice pick to pun* a hole 9 ! front ( ! truck frame & make x l>ge en\gh s t ! crank w turn 9 x freely4 ,cut a piece ( t9 by in*es & b5d ov] in* at "o end & pun* a hole to fit ! crank wire 9 ! c5t] ( ! l>ge/ side ( ?is piece & sold] x 9 position directly back ( ! hole pun*$ 9 ! front ( ! frame & 9 su* a position t ! end ( ! crank wire projects ab\t in* beyond ! small angle piece sold]$ to ! frame1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #hj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gi4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ha4 ,w9d a n>r[ /rip ( t9 ab\t ! /raight project+ end ( ! crank wire & sold] x 9 place1 ! sold] be+ appli$ to ! end ( ! wire & to ! end ( ! coil$ /rip ( t9 at ! same "t1 ,fig4 #ha4 ,! ,/e]+ ,:eel & ,column4--,a /e]+ :eel may be made ( an old clock ge> :eel ) ! tee? cut (f1 or a small c lid may be us$ in/ead4 ,! /e]+ :eel column may be made ( a piece ( heavy galvaniz$ wire4 ,clock ge> :eels are usually fa/5$ to a %ort /eel %aft1 b !y may be easily driv5 (f ! %aft by plac+ ! %aft ( ! :eel 9 ! vise jaws s t ! :eel is above ! vise jaws1 & !n a few light hamm] bl[s direct$ at ! upp] end ( ! %aft w loos5 ! :eel & x may be easily remov$4 ,! vise jaws %\ld hold ! %aft v loosely z x is be+ driv5 out ( ! :eel4 ,use ! metal %e>s to cut (f ! ge> tee? & a smoo? flat file to file d[n ! r\ghness left at ! edge ( ! :eel4 ,f9d a piece ( galvaniz$ wire t fits into ! hole 9 ! clock :eel or file a l>g] piece d[n until x does fit4 ,! wire %\ld project slightly beyond ! :eel & be sold]$ to x 9 exactly ! same mann] z ! t9 c :eel is sold]$ to an axle4 ,! wire t ! /e]+ ge> is sold]$ to %\ld be long en\gh to g ?r\gh ! da%-bo>d1 hood & frame1 if ! :eel is to turn4 ,a /rip ( t9 is coil$ ab\t ! wire bel[ ! frame z %[n 9 ,fig4 #hb4 ,^! are sold]$ 9 place to ! wire to keep x 9 position & yet all[ x to turn freely 9 ! holes4 ,mud ,gu>ds & ,runn+ ,bo>ds4--,mud gu>ds may be made f a "p ( ! side & bottom ( a c z %[n 9 ,fig4 #hc4 ,a #c-;in* c is ! be/ size to use = ! truck4 ,! c is cut d[n to a height ( #a in*es & !n cut into two p>ts across ! bottom s t two mud gu>ds may be made f ea* c4 ,! out] edges are turn$ z 9 mak+ a tray & fold$ pieces are slipp$ ov] ! ends z %[n 9 ,fig4 #hc4 ,^! mud gu>ds are sold]$ to ! frame 9 ! position %[n4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hb4 ,runn+ bo>ds may be made ( two pieces ( t91 ea* piece to be cut #a in*es wide & z long z x is desir$4 ,! f\r pieces are ea* turn$ d[n in* at ! long sides & two pieces are fitt$ ov] ea* o!r to make "o runn+ bo>d z %[n 9 ,fig4 #hd4 ,two or ?ree supports may be made ( galvaniz$ wire = ! runn+ bo>ds4 ,^! supports ext5d across ! frame ( ! truck & "o end ( ea* support is sold]$ to ea* runn+ bo>d4 ,"o end ( ea* runn+ bo>d is usually sold]$ to ea* mud gu>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hc4 ,lights1 ,horns1 etc4--,headlights may be made ( ?umb tack boxes1 bottle caps or ! tops ( too? p[d] cans4 ,sidelights may be made f ! screw caps ( cook+ oil cans or ! cyl9drical "p ( too? p[d] c tops4 ,tail-lights may be made ( ! screw caps ( cook+ oil cans4 ,se>*lights may be made ( ! smalle/ size adhesive tape boxes m\nt$ on suitable /&>ds made ( galvaniz$ wire or /rips ( t94 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hd4 ,! c5tral "p ( ! cov] ( ^! boxes is cut away & a piece ( is+lass or transp>5t celluloid may be fitt$ 9 to look l a l5s4 ,! c5tral "p is cut away by us+ a small *isel to cut ) :5 ! cov] is plac$ ov] ! end ( a r\nd /ick held 9 ! vise4 ,! r\gh edges are smoo!d away by us+ a smoo? half-r\nd file4 ,! con/ruction ( ^! lights is s simple z to ne$ no fur!r explanation & !y are simply sold]$ to ! frame or hood :]e !y t\* x :5 plac$ 9 position4 ,! se>*light is usually m\nt$ by pun*+ a hole = ! /&>d 9 ! c[l1 or by sold]+ on an extra piece to ! da% to receive ! wire /&>d1 ,fig4 #he4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #he4 ,tool ,boxes1 ,horns1 etc4--,small rectangul> beef cube or *ew+ gum boxes may be sold]$ to ! runn+ bo>d = tool boxes4 ,^! boxes h r\nd$ corn]s & look v mu* l ! l>ge tool boxes1 ,fig4 #he4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hf4 ,horns may be made 9 sev]al ways1 ! simple/ =m be+ a piece ( t9 roll$ into a cone %ape & sold]$ to ! da%4 ,a m reali/ic horn may be made by sold]+ a screw cap to ! l>g] end ( ! cone & add+ ! cap ( a pa9t tube to ! small] end4 ,a h& horn may be made z %[n 9 ,fig4 #he4 ,spe$omet]s1 voltmet]s & ammet]s may be made ( screw tops sold]$ inside ! da% z %[n4 ,driv]s' ,cabs4--,mo/ ( ! l>ge trucks h "s k9d ( a cab to protect ! driv] f ! wea!r1 except+ ! army trucks1 :i* usually dep5d on "p ( ! canvas hood or cov] = protection4 ,on ! toy trucks ^! cabs may be v simply made f a squ>e t9 cocoa or olive oil c or !y may be m elaborately built1 dep5d+ on ! ability ( ! mak]4 ,^! cabs %\ld be c>efully made & kept 9 proportion to ! re/ ( ! truck4 ,all %>p edges %\ld be turn$ ov] or b\nd ) fold$ /rips ( t94 ,w9d[s may be cut 9 ! cab by plac+ x on ! block & us+ a small *isel to cut !m out4 ,! edges ( ^! w9d[s %\ld all be b\nd ) fold$ /rips ( t9 z %[n 9 ! illu/ration4 ,! buggy top = ! driv]'s seat may be made f "p ( a c]ta9 well-kn[n curv$ tobacco box & sev]al %ort pieces ( galvaniz$ wire1 ,fig4 #hf4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,boats ,,! ,,r[boat--,,! ,,sailboat--,,! ,,sc[--,,! ,,tugboat--,,! ,,battle%ip--,,! ,,f]ry-,,boat ,! elliptically %ap$ t9 cans1 us$ = fi% ( diff]5t k9ds1 may be made up into boats t w float4 ,a deck is sold]$ tightly to ! c :]e ! lid has be5 remov$ & v>i\s sup]/ructures add$ to make ! diff]5t types ( boats1 b to =m a r[boat1 seats may be sold]$ to an op5 c4 ,! ,r[boat4--,! r[boat is ! simple/ "o to make z no deck is to be sold]$ on4 ,a n>r[ elliptical fi% c %\ld be us$4 ,^! cans usually conta9 fre% mack]el1 & are ( real boat %ape4 ,su* cans are op5$ at ! top inside ! roll$ rim4 ,! extra t9 ne> ! edge ( rim %\ld be brok5 away ) ! pli]s z 9 mak+ a pail1 all r\ghness be+ fil$ away4 ,lay ! c face d[n on a %eet ( pap]1 draw+ ar\nd ! outside edge ) a %>p p5cil to get an outl9e ( ! boat4 ,?is outl9e w s]ve z a guide :5 cutt+ out ! seats4 ,! seats may be cut to ! outl9e ( ! boat already trac$ on pap]1 :5 ! two end seats w fit b[ & /]n4 ,b ! c5t] seat w h to be trimm$ (f a bit to fit ! boat4 ,! free edges ( ! seats mu/ be turn$ d[n z a f9i%4 ,! ,sailboat4--,a catboat or sloop may be made f ! same sort ( n>r[ elliptical c or ev5 ( a wid] c ( ! same %ape4 ,a deck is sold]$ to ?is c1 a hole cut 9 x = a cockpit4 ,to ! edge ( ! cockpit a fold$ b& ( t9 is sold]$4 ,a tube ( t9 is sold]$ to ! /]n1 & a wire till] is run ?r\gh ?is tube & sold]$ to a rudd]4 ,a hole is pun*$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! =w>d deck1 & a tube ( t9 is sold]$ 9 ?is hole to conta9 ! ma/4 ,! ma/ & sp>s are ( wood4 ,! keel is made ( a piece ( t9 sold]$ to ! bottom ( ! boat4 ,! boat %\ld be complet$1 & ! ma/1 sp>s & sails 9 place1 be=e ! keel is put on4 ,try ! boat 9 a bas9 ( wat]4 ,x w probably tip ov] unless a v broad c is us$ to make x4 ,cut out a keel ( ! %ape %[n 9 ,fig4 #hg & sold] x lightly 9 place at ea* end4 ,place ! boat 9 ! wat] aga9 to see h[ x floats4 ,if ! keel is too heavy1 "p ( x may be cut (f1 if x is too light1 x may be brok5 away & a heavi] "o made & sold]$ on4 ,:5 prop]ly made ^! boats are good sail]s4 ,:5 sold]+ a deck to ! boat1 ! r\gh edge rema9+ aft] cutt+ away ! lid ( ! c is left 9 place s z to =m a sort ( l$ge to sold] ! deck to4 ,! r\gh flut+s may be flatt5$ out by us+ a pair ( flat-nos$ pli]s to press d[n ! flutes z y "w along & simply p9*+ x flat4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hg4 ,! ,sc[4--,a small sc[ may be made f a biscuit box ( flat t91 ! k9d t has conta9$ small sweet biscuits ) a cream fill+4 ,bo? box & lid are us$ & cut d[n z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #hh4 ,! box is left at ! orig9al wid?4 ,! two ends are cut away f ! lid4 ,! two fold$-d[n sides ( ! lid are us$ to make fold$ /rips ) :i* to b9d ! sides ( ! sc[4 ,a t9y box made ( "p ( ! lid is sold]$ to ! re> deck ( ! sc[ = a cab94 ,a small piece ( galvaniz$ wire b5t at an angle is sold]$ to ! cab9 = a /ovepipe4 ,! t[+ bits are rivets sold]$ to ! =w>d deck4 ,! ,tugboat4--,tugboats may be made f ! l>g] elliptical fi% cans4 ,a good siz$ c ( ?is sort is t "o commonly f\nd to conta9 kipp]$ h]r+4 ,?is c w make up into a l>ge tugboat1 b if a small tug is to be made to t[ ! sc[ previ\sly describ$1 a mack]el roe c is ! be/ to use4 ,a deck is sold]$ tightly to ! c1 z 9 mak+ ! sailboat1 except t ! deck is left :ole2 no op5+s are cut 9 x4 ,! cab9 is made f a rectangul> cocoa c1 or a small olive oil c1 cut d[n to a suitable height & sold]$ to ! deck1 bottom up4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hh4 ,! pilot h\se is made f a small adhesive pla/] box1 ! smoke/ack be+ f a small piece ( t9 ) top edge fir/ fold$ ov] & !n roll$ into a cyl9drical %ape4 ,a piece ( wire may be sold]$ to ! /ack = an exhau/ pipe4 ,a t9y piece ( wire is sold]$ to ! front ( ! /ack = a :i/le4 ,^! pieces ( wire may be ti$ to ! /ack ) f9e iron b9d+ wire1 su* z flori/s use4 ,:5 ! wire exhau/ & :i/le are sold]$ to ! /ack ! wire may !n be remov$4 ,x w be f\nd v difficult to sold] ^! %ort pieces 9 place )\t b9d+ !m 9 position4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xv ,c\rtesy ,pictorial ,review ,boats made by au?or ,! lifeboat is made f a small fold$ piece ( t91 bo? ends be+ pu%$ 9 & sold]$ toge!r4 ,! f9i%$ boat is sold]$ to ! ro( ( ! cab94 ,! t[+ bits are rivets sold]$ to ! deck4 ,rememb] to use ! pli]s to hold ! rivets 9 place :5 sold]+ !m on4 ,:5 ^! boats are float$ 9 ! wat] !y may be f\nd to tip to "o side slightly4 ,a bit ( sold] may be melt$ on to ! bottom ( ! boat ) ! copp] 9 su* a position t x w c\nt]act any t5d5cy to tip4 ,! ,battle%ip1 ,de/roy]s1 etc4--,! battle%ip %[n 9 ,plate ,,xv is made f a n>r[ elliptical fi% c4 ,a deck is sold]$ on & a cab9 made ( a small rectangul> box su* z beef cubes usually are pack$ 94 ,! turrets are made ( pill or salve boxes ( small r\nd t9 design4 ,! lid ( ! box is sold]$ to ! deck & :5 ! box is set 9 ! lid ! turret may be turn$ ab\t4 ,! guns are made ( %ort pieces ( wire sold]$ to ! turrets & cab94 ,! ma/ is made ( a t9 oil c sp\t or a piece ( t9 roll$ into a cone %ape4 ,a screw cap ( a too? pa/e tube is sold]$ to x = a fight+ top4 ,"s sort ( a keel w h to be sold]$ to ! battle%ip to keep x upright 9 ! wat]4 ,?ree pieces ( heavy galvaniz$ wire may be sold]$ to ! bottom1 "o 9 ! c5t] & "o at ea* side1 or a /rip ( %eet lead may be sold]$ to ! bottom4 ,a de/roy] may be built up 9 ! same mann] z ! battle%ip2 9 fact1 almo/ any type ( boat may be built by *ang+ ! sup]/ructure4 ,! ,f]ry-boat4--,a f]ry-boat may be built ) paddle :eels t w revolve :5 ! boat is pull$ along 9 ! wat] or an*or$ 9 a runn+ /ream4 ,! hull is made f a kipp]$ h]r+ c ) a deck sold]$ on4 ,f\r /rips ( t9 are cut = ! sides ( ! cab9s4 ,two ( ^! are sold]$ to ! sides ( ! hull next to ! roll$ rim & foll[+ ! outl9e ( ! c or hull4 ,! two inside walls ( ! cab9s are sold]$ ab\t ( an in* inside ! out] walls :i* leaves a gangway ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! boat4 ,an upp] deck is sold]$ to ^! f\r walls2 ! inn] walls ne$ only be sold]$ to ! upp] deck at ea* end4 ,! two pilot h\ses are made ( adhesive pla/] boxes & ! smoke/ack is roll$ up f a piece ( t94 ,a hole is pun*$ or drill$ ?r\gh all f\r walls ( ! cab9 to receive ! axle ( ! paddle :eels4 ,! paddle :eels are made f small cans exactly 9 ! same way z ! auto truck :eels & eight small squ>e pieces ( t9 are sold]$ to ! circumf]5ce ( ea* :eel = paddles4 ,roll$ /rips ( t9 are plac$ on ! axles betwe5 ! :eels & ! cab9s = wa%]s4 ,! axle %\ld revolve v freely 9 ! axle holes4 ,if "o has "s me*anical ability x is n v difficult to =m a crank 9 ! paddle :eel axle & atta* a connect+ rod to a small t9 walk+ beam :i* w move up & d[n z ! paddle :eels revolve4 ,an imitation pi/on rod may be fa/5$ to ! o!r end ( ! walk+ beam & all[$ to run free ?r\gh a hole 9 ! upp] deck4 ,! :eels ( ! f]ry-boat w revolve if x is an*or$ 9 a runn+ /ream or t[$ beh9d a r[boat4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii ,a ,,toy ,,locomotive ,a ,,simple ,,toy ,,locomotive--,,! ,,frame--,,boil]--,,cab--,,:eels--,,cyl9 d]s ,,& ,,connect+ ,,rods--,,! ,,smoke/ack1 ,,/eam ,,dome ,,& ,,:i/le1 ,,s& ,,box ,,& ,,headlight--,,c>s--,a ,,pass5g] ,,c> ,,& ,,"s ,,o!rs ,! locomotive %[n 9 ,plate ,,xv is made s t ! connect+ rods move back & =? z ! locomotive is pull$ along4 ,! pr9cipal dim5sions are giv5 9 ,fig4 #hi4 ,?is locomotive is n mu* m difficult to make ?an ! auto truck1 b x %\ld n be attempt$ until ! auto truck is satisfactorily complet$4 ,! ,frame4--,! frame ( ! locomotive %\ld be made fir/1 & x is made f a flat piece ( t9 #e by #aj in*es4 ,scribe a l9e in* inside & along all edges1 cut (f ! corn]s z %[n 9 ,fig4 #hi & fold all f\r edges 94 ,cut into ! corn]s ( ! frame on l9es ,a1 ,a1 ,a1 ,a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xvi ,simple toy locomotive & s& or wat] mill made by ! au?or ,! fir/ t9 c toy4 ,a locomotive made by ! au?or = 8 son ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xvii ,c\rtesy ,new ,york ,_w ,/eam tractor & gun unpa9t$ ,turn d[n ! two sides ( ! frame fir/1 !n turn d[n ! two ends4 ,! f\r pieces ( ! sides t project beyond ! sides are turn$ 9 ov] ! ends z %[n 9 ,fig4 #hi4 ,! sides & ends ( ! frame may be turn$ ov] a squ>e maple block4 ,sold] ! frame at ! ends4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hi4 ,! ,boil]4--,! boil] is made ( two small s\p cans4 ,"o :ole c is us$ & ! bottom & "p ( ! sides ( ano!r c ( exactly ! same size is sold]$ to ! fir/ c to make a long boil]4 ,"o long c1 if obta9able1 may be us$ = ! boil]4 ,:5 two or m cans are sold]$ toge!r to make a long boil] ! two roll$ rims ( ! cans sold]$ toge!r give ! appe>ance ( a boil] /rap z %[n 9 ,fig4 #hi4 ,! ,cab4--,! cab is made ( a rectangul> cocoa c4 ,mo/ ( "o side is cut away leav+ j en\gh to fold back aga9/ ! sides ( ! cab4 ,! cab is !n plac$ on a wood5 block & a *isel is us$ to cut ! w9d[ op5+s4 ,a l>ge r\nd pun* may be us$ to cut out ! front w9d[s or a v small *isel made ( a nail may be us$ to cut ^! circul> w9d[s4 ,a top is made = ! cab f a piece ( t9 #c by #c in*es squ>e4 ,"o-qu>t] in* is m>k$ (f & turn$ 9 all ar\nd ?is piece4 ,two opposite sides are fold$ d[n & ! two o!r sides are left /&+ at "r angles to ! piece & ^! two opposite sides are left op5 j en\gh to slide ov] ! top ( box =m+ ! cab :]e ! top is sold]$ 9 place z %[n 9 ! draw+4 ,! boil] %\ld be sold]$ to ! cab & !n ^! two are sold]$ to ! frame :]e !y t\* x at ! front end ( ! boil] & ! base ( ! cab4 ,! ,:eels4--,! front :eels ( ! locomotive are made ( ! small siz$ evaporat$ milk cans exactly 9 ! same way t ! :eels ( ! auto truck are made4 ,^! :eels are #b in*es 9 diamet] & in* wide4 ,! wire axle ( ! front :eels passes ?r\gh two lugs t are sold]$ to ! sides ( ! frame4 ,! driv+ :eels are made f #c-;in* roll$-rim cans4 ,! axle = ^! :eels passes directly ?r\gh holes 9 ! sides ( ! frame4 ,a piece ( galvaniz$ wire #a in*es 9 l5g? is us$ = driv+ p9s = ! connect+ rods on ea* driv+ :eel4 ,ea* piece ( wire is plac$ ?r\gh two holes 9 ! driv+ :eel1 ^! holes be+ directly opposite ea* o!r & exactly in* f ! c5t] ( ea* :eel4 ,z ^! driv+ p9s pass entirely ?r\gh ! :eel !y %\ld be sold]$ to ea* side ( x 9 ord] to give add$ /r5g?1 z !y w\ld break away f ! :eels v easily if !y did n pass entirely ?r\gh ! :eel & 7 n support$ by ea* side ( x4 ,cyl9d]s & ,connect+ ,rods4--,^! cyl9d]s are roll$ up f flat pieces ( t9 ea* #b by #c in*es4 ,! t9 is fold$ ov] on ! two %orte/ sides ( ea* piece be=e x is =m$ into a cyl9drical %ape1 ! fold$ sides ( ! t9 =m+ ea* end ( ! cyl9d]s4 ,! connect+ rods are made ( two /rips ( t91 ea* by #f in*es4 ,bo? sides ( ! /rip are fold$ 91 mak+ a triple ?ickness ( t9 & a connect+ rod ab\t in* wide & #f in*es long4 ,a disk ( t9 is sold]$ to "o end ( ea* connect+ rod4 ,^! disks %\ld be some:at small] ?an ! diamet] ( ! cyl9d]s s t !y may slide easily back & =? inside ! cyl9d]s4 ,! connect+ rods h to be b5t at ! two angles %[n 9 ,fig4 #hi s t ea* rod may be 9 l9e ) ! cyl9d] & ) ! driv+ :eel4 ,! ,smoke/ack1 ,/eam ,dome & ,:i/le1 ,s& ,box & ,headlight4--,! smoke/ack is roll$ up f a piece ( t9 #b by #b in*es4 ,?is piece ( t9 is cut f ! side ( a c s z to leave ! roll$ rim at ! top = ! rim ( ! /ack4 ,! /eam dome is made ( ! top "p ( a too? p[d] c ) ! di/ribut] top left on4 ,?is top is left op5 to =m a :i/le4 ,t "p ( ! too? p[d] c :i* re/s aga9/ ! boil] mu/ be fitt$ v c>efully s z to con=m to ! curve ( ! boil]4 ,! s& box may be made f a bottle cap & ! headlight may be made f ano!r bottle cap z %[n 9 ! draw+4 ,c>s4--,a coal t5d] = ! locomotive may be made f a small squ>e box m\nt$ on a frame or plat=m simil> to ! locomotive1 only small]4 ,! c> :eels may be made f ! small evaporat$ milk cans or f any small cans obta9able4 ,a freight c> may be made f a long squ>e box 9 a mann] simil> to ! coal t5d]4 ,pass5g] c>s may be made f long rectangul> cans & ! w9d[s & doors may be cut or pa9t$ on ! sides or ends4 ,be sure to place fold$ /rips ( t9 ov] any raw edges left :5 cutt+ out w9d[s & doors4 ,a ,pass5g] ,c> & ,"s ,o!rs4--,a pass5g] c> may be made f an olive or cook+ oil c2 t is1 ab\t half ( "o ( ! l>g] cans cut l5g?wise4 ,select a c s t :5 x is cut l5g?wise to dim5sion x w be 9 proportion to ! locomotive :i* is to be us$ ) x4 ,no dim5sions are giv5 9 ! draw+s z ^! cans v>y 9 size1 b x is n difficult to f9d a suitable rectangul> c = a pass5g] c>4 ,:5 ! c is cut op51 draw two p>allel l9es along ! sides = w9d[ op5+s4 ,d n try to cut ea* w9d[ sep>ately1 b cut "o long op5+ = all ! w9d[s1 b9d ! cut edges ) fold$ /rips & !n sold] fold$ pieces across ! w9d[ op5+s at int]vals = divisions betwe5 ! w9d[s4 ,cut a door 9 ea* end ( ! c> & b9d ! edges ) fold$ t94 ,! project+ hoods ov] ! door at ea* end ( ! c> ro( may be made ( "p ( ! sides & bottom ( a squ>e c or f t "p ( ! olive or cook+ oil c t is cut away 9 mak+ ! body ( ! c>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ij4 ,a flat piece ( t9 may be us$ = ! bottom ( ! c>1 ?is piece be+ =m$ 9 exactly ! same way t ! frame ( ! auto truck is =m$4 ,x is made long en\gh to all[ = a plat=m at ea* end ( ! c>1 & ! c> body is sold]$ securely to x4 ,c> :eels may be made f v small cans z any o!r t9 c :eels are made4 ,two bottle caps may be sold]$ toge!r = a :eel or sev]al flat disks ( t9 may be cut & sold]$ toge!r at ! edges to =m a :eel4 ,! t9 wa%]s us$ ) ro(+ nails make an excell5t :eel :5 two are sold]$ toge!r1 back to back4 ,nev] try to use a s+le c lid1 bottle cap or t9 disk = a :eel t is to be> any weight4 ,any ( ^! are too weak to /& up alone4 ,! :eels are m\nt$ 9 ! mann] %[n 9 ! draw+s ( ! pass5g] c>4 ,o!r c>s may be made f cans z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ij1 ! con/ruction be+ s simple z to ne$ no fur!r description4 ,^! c>s may be made z simple or z elaborate z ! skill ( ! mak] p]mits4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii ,,simple ,,me*anical ,,toys ,,wat] ,,:eels ,,& ,,s&mills--,a ,,simple ,,/eam ,,turb9e ,,& ,,boil]--,a ,,w9dmill ,,& ,,t[]--,,a]oplane ,,wea!rvane ,wat] :eels & s&mills may be made f bottle caps & c lids4 ,two pu%-9 or friction-top c lids are sold]$ toge!r to =m a flang$ :eel & bottle caps are sold]$ betwe5 ! flanges1 at equal int]vals1 = ! buckets4 ,! g5]al con/ruction is %[n 9 ,fig4 #ia4 ,a nozzle may be =m$ f a piece ( t9 & sold]$ to ! /&>d s t a hose may be connect$ ) x & to faucet1 or1 ! wat] :eel may be set 9 a s9k "u a faucet or plac$ 9 a /ream ( runn+ wat]4 ,a funnel or s& hopp] may be made ( t9 & sold]$ to a /&>d :i* holds ! bucket :eel4 ,f9e dry s& plac$ 9 ! hopp] w run ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! bottom & cause ! bucket :eel to revolve4 ,a ,simple ,/eam ,turb9e & ,boil]4--,a v simple & amus+ /eam turb9e t runs ) /eam g5]at$ 9 a t9-c boil] may be made f t9 cans4 ,select a well-sold]$ c ) a tight-fitt+ lid1 su* z a molasses or syrup c ) a friction-top lid4 ,! lid w h to be sold]$ 9 place to make x /eam tight4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ia4 ,pun* a hole ab\t in* 9 diamet] ne> "o side ( ! lid = a fill] hole4 ,see t ?is hole is p]fectly r\nd s t a cork may be fitt$ 9 to make x /eam tight4 ,! vane :eel %\ld be ab\t #c in*es 9 diamet] & v c>efully made4 ,see t ! axle is sold]$ exactly 9 ! c5t] ( ! :eel4 ,! vanes %\ld be small & num]\s & ea* "o exactly ! same size4 ,! me?od ( con/ruction is %[n on page #ahc 7full page draw+74 ,a #c-;in* circle is c>efully laid out on a flat piece ( t9 & !n ano!r circle is laid (f inside ! fir/ "o ab\t in* 94 ,! out] circle is !n divid$ up into #cf equal p>ts4 ,draw /raight l9es f ea* divid+ dot at ! edge to ! c5t] ( ! :eel4 ,bore a small hole exactly :]e ea* l9e crosses ! inn] circle4 ,cut d[n ea* divid+ l9e to ea* hole4 ,use ! pli]s to turn ea* vane at "r angles to ! face ( ! :eel4 ,! /eam nozzle %\ld be v small4 ,a triangul> piece ( t9 may be =m$ ar\nd a f9e wire nail or p94 ,! op5+ 9 ! nozzle %\ld be ab\t in* 9 diamet]4 ,! nozzle %\ld be well sold]$ toge!r & !n sold]$ to ! boil]1 ov] a hole ( a suitable size to all[ ! /eam to fl[ f ! boil] into ! nozzle4 ,be sure n to sold] up ! tube s t ! /eam may n escape4 ,a piece ( broom /raw may be plac$ 9 ! nozzle :5 sold]+ x toge!r1 & x may be left 9 :5 ! nozzle is sold]$ to ! boil]4 ,! /raw %\ld ext5d into ! boil] & may be )drawn :5 ! sold]+ op]ations are complet$4 ,d n use wire inside ! nozzle to prev5t x fill+ ) sold] z ! sold] w /ick to x & prev5t its be+ )drawn4 ,use c>e 9 plac+ ! nozzle 9 position "u ! vane :eel s t ! /eam w /rike ! vanes squ>ely :5 x escapes4 ,set ! end ( ! nozzle z close to ! vanes z possible1 b s t x does n /rike ! vanes :5 ! :eel revolves4 ,^! turb9es run at v high spe$ :5 c>efully made4 ,d n use too mu* heat "u ! boil]1 z too great pressure may explode x ) disa/r\s results4 ,if ! boil] is set ov] a gas flame1 take c>e n to all[ ! flame to fl>e out ar\nd ! boil] & creep up ! sides1 z x may !n melt (f ! top ( ! boil] ev5 :5 !re is consid]able wat] 9 x4 ,a mod]ate flame w cause en\gh pressure to be g5]at$ 9 ! boil] to make ! vane :eel revolve rapidly4 ,if c>e is us$ 9 fitt+ ! cork 9 ! fill] hole1 x may be made /eam tight by pu%+ x into ! fill] hole ) a light pressure s t if too mu* pressure is g5]at$ 9 ! boil] ! cork w bl[ out4 ,a p9ion f a small clock works may be sold]$ to ! vane :eel %aft & me%$ 9 ) a l>ge ge> :i* is set on a %aft sold]$ to ! support+ upright at "o side ( ! :eel4 ,a small pulley may be made ( wood or metal & fa/5$ to ! l>ge ge>4 ,?is arrangem5t ( ge>s w give a r$uc$ spe$ & a /r+ belt may be run f ! pulley to "s light runn+ toy ma*9e4 ,! p9ion & ge> fa/5$ to ! turb9e %\ld run v easily4 ,an alcohol heat+ lamp may be made = ! turb9e boil] by sold]+ a wick tube & a v5t tube to a %oe pa/e or salve box4 ,! wick tube %\ld be made f a /rip ( t9 roll$ up into a cyl9drical %ape4 ,x %\ld be ab\t in* 9 diamet] & #a in*es 9 l5g? :5 sold]$ toge!r4 ,! wick tube %\ld ext5d ab\t #a in* above ! top ( ! lamp & x %\ld be sold]$ firmly 9 a hole cut 9 ! top ( ! lamp to receive x4 ,a small tube ab\t in* 9 diamet] & #c in*es long is sold]$ toge!r4 ,?is tube %\ld be sold]$ ov] a hole ne> ! side ( ! lamp at ! top & sold]$ on at an angle z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ia4 ,x s]ves z a v5t1 all[+ ! alcohol gas g5]at$ )9 ! top ( ! lamp to escape & x also s]ves z a h&le4 ,an alcohol lamp fitt$ ) a v5t tube ( ?is description w n boil ov] & cat* fire z s _m ( ! small alcohol lamps provid$ ) toy /eam eng9es are sure to d4 ,v5t tubes sold]$ to ^! lamps 9 su* a mann] z to conduct ! gas away f ! flame w provide aga9/ accid5ts ( ?is sort4 ,a fill] hole %\ld be plac$ 9 ! top ( ! lamp z f> away f ! wick tube z possible4 ,a common cork may be us$ z a /opp]4 ,a small funnel may be easily made f "s pieces ( scrap t9 & us$ = fill+ ! boil] & ! lamp4 ,a ,w9dmill & ,t[]4--,a w9dmill & t[] t w look v reali/ic :5 complet$ may be made f t9 cans4 ,! vane :eel is compos$ ( twelve blades set 9 two c lids4 ,! vanes are cut f a flat piece ( t91 c>e be+ tak5 to make ea* "o exactly ! same size4 ,a l>ge c lid is us$ = ! out] vane support & ! c5tral "p ( ?is lid is cut away4 ,twelve cuts are made ar\nd ! edge ( ! c lid at equal di/ances & ! vanes sold]$ 9 ^! cuts4 ,a small c lid is us$ = ! c5t] ( ! :eel & ! ends ( ! vanes sold]$ to x4 ,! t[] is made ( /rips ( fold$ t9 & ! tank f a t9 c is %[n 9 ,fig4 #ib4 ,a]oplane ,wea!rvane4--,a biplane wea!rvane may be made f flat /rips ( t94 ,l>ge r\nd or squ>e cans may be op5$ out & ! t9 tak5 f !m us$ to make ! a]oplane wea!rvane4 ,:5 ?is wea!rvane is m\nt$ on a suitable spike on :i* x may turn ab\t freely 9 ! w9d1 ! propell] w revolve rapidly :5 ! w9d bl[s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ib4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xviii ,a]oplane wea!r vanes made by ! au?or ,! con/ruction ( ! a]oplane is q simple & ! pr9cipal dim5sions are giv5 9 ,fig4 #ic4 ,! con/ruction is v well %[n 9 ,plate ,,xviii4 ,if ! =ego+ problems h be5 satisfactorily work$ out !re w be no difficulty 9 con/ruct+ ! a]oplane f ! dim5sions giv54 ,! two w+s are made f two pieces ( t9 ( ! requir$ size ) ! edges fold$ ov]4 ,! body ( fuselage is made ( a long triangul> piece ( t9 fold$ up on ea* side s z to =m a sort ( long tap]+ box4 ,a cov] is made = ?is box & divid$ into two p>ts s z to leave a cockpit op5+4 ,! /ruts or w+ supports are made f n>r[ /rips ( t9 t are fold$ almo/ toge!r = /r5g?4 ,! small guy wires _h be/ be made f copp] wire ( small diamet]4 ,if x is difficult to get small copp] wire1 x may be possible to get two or ?ree feet ( insulat$ copp] wire us$ = electrical purposes4 ,su* wire is employ$ to w9d small magnets us$ on electric bells4 ,! insulation easily burns (f4 ,copp] wire sold]s v easily4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ic4 ,! rudd] & tail planes are made f flat pieces ( t94 ,a /raight piece ( wire is us$ = ! propell] %aft4 ,a tube is made ( t9 & us$ z a be>+ = ! %aft4 ,! propell] %aft %\ld fit v loosely 9 ! tube4 ,! be>+ tube is sold]$ firmly to ! body ( ! a]oplane z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ic4 ,:5 completely assembl$1 except = ! propell] & its %aft1 ! propell] is sold]$ to "o end ( ! %aft4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to m\nt ! propell] blade 9 su* a way t ! %aft is exactly 9 ! c5t]1 s t "o side ( ! propell] is n heavi] ?an ! o!r4 ,! %aft is pu%$ ?r\gh ! be>+ tube & %\ld project ab\t in* beyond x4 ,a /rip ( t9 is w\nd ar\nd ?is project+ end ( ! %aft & sold]$ to x 9 su* a mann] t ! %aft is free to turn 9 ! tube4 ,:5 ! plane is completely assembl$ try x to f9d ! po9t at :i* x balances :5 re/$ on ! f+] "u ! fuselage4 ,a hole %\ld be pun*$ at ?is po9t l>ge en\gh to admit ! iron rod or piece ( heavy wire t is to be us$ = ! spike on :i* to m\nt ! wea!rvane4 ,a second hole is pun*$ directly above ! fir/ "o2 ?is hole is consid]ably small] ?an ! hole b5ea? x4 ,! top ( ! iron spike t supports ! a]oplane wea!rvane is fil$ d[n to a small] diamet] s t :5 ! spike is pu%$ ?r\gh ! l>g] hole ! small] or fil$ "p ( ! spike w g ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! upp] "p ( ! fuselage4 ,! wea!rvane w !n re/ on ! %\ld] =m$ on ! spike z %[n 9 ! illu/ration4 ,a block ( wood may be nail$ to ! ro( peak ( ! h\se or b>n & a hole bor$ into x ! size ( ! support+ spike1 & ! spike may be pu%$ into ?is & ! a]oplane wea!rvane m\nt$ on ! spike4 ,x %\ld be well pa9t$ 9 bright colors & if well made w prove a v pleas+ toy4 ,,*apt] ,,xix ,,c&le/icks ,,wall ,,sconces1 ,,& ,a ,,lant]n ,! base ( ! tall c&le/ick %[n 9 ,fig4 #id is made ( v>i\s siz$ cans cut d[n to tray-l =ms & sold]$ toge!r4 ,z may be se5 by /udy+ !m1 ! %afts are made f ord9>y t9 campaign horns4 ,! drip cups are made ( press-9 c lids or f small cans cut d[n to tray-l %apes4 ,all %>p edges are to be turn$ ov]4 ,! c&le sockets are =m$ 9 ! same way z t ( ! c&le/ick describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,viii1 page #id4 ,! wall sconces are made ( l>ge olive or cook+ oil cans or ! cans t h conta9$ automobile lubricat+ oils4 ,all edges %\ld be turn$ or b\nd ) fold$ /rips ( t94 ,sconce ,no4 #b may be made ( a flat %eet ( t9 & half ( a l>ge r\nd c cut d[n to tray size4 ,sconce ,no4 #c may be made ( a l>ge r\nd c cut d[n to %ape4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xix ,a lant]n made by ! au?or ,a fight+ tank made by ! au?or4 ,! tank is made ( two mack]el t9s4 ,p>ts ( pepp] boxes1 bottle caps & a few nails us$ z guns ,! lant]n is n made f a rectangul> c1 b x is made f two squ>e pieces ( t9 us$ = ! top & bottom1 "p ( a c be+ fitt$ 9 a hole cut 9 ! squ>e piece us$ = ! top ( ! lant]n4 ,! f\r corn] pieces ( ! lant]n are made ( /rips ( t9 cut at a "r angle4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #id4 ,a slid+ door is made f a flat %eet ( t91 ?is door slid+ betwe5 two fold$ /rips ( t9 :i* are sold]$ to ! framework ( ! lant]n4 ,?ree pieces ( glass are us$ = ! lant]n1 z ^! are held 9 place by small pieces ( t9 fold$ at an angle1 "o "p ( :i* re/s aga9/ ! glass & ! o!r "p is sold]$ to ! t9 "w ( ! lant]n4 ,^! pieces are put 9 place z ea* piece ( glass is plac$ 9 ! lant]n1 "o at ! top & ! o!r at ! bottom ( ea* piece ( glass4 ,,*apt] ,,xx ,,camp ,,& ,,kit*5 ,,equipm5t ,a ,,c(fee ,,pot--,,boil+ ,,pails--,,fry+ ,,pan--,,toa/]--,a ,,camp ,,%[] ,,ba?--,,cante5 ,,or ,,hot ,,wat] ,,bottle--,a ,,mat* ,,box ,an excell5t c(fee pot may be made f a gallon c or f a small] "o4 ,?is t9 mu/ be ( ! roll$ rim or lock$ seam type s t x w n melt ap>t or leak if x %\ld accid5tly boil dry4 ,lugs are rivet$ to ! side ( ! c z describ$ 9 mak+ a pail 9 ,*apt] ,,ix1 page #ajj4 ,a s]ies ( small holes are pun*$ 9 a triangul> =mation 9 su* a mann] t !y w be imm$iately back ( ! sp\t :5 ?is is sold]$ 9 place4 ,! sp\t is made ( a sep>ate piece ( t9 ( a triangul> %ape4 ,?is piece ( t9 is =m$ into %ape & is !n rivet$ to ! c(fee pot ov] ! /ra9] holes4 ,aft] x is held 9 place by ! rivets x is tightly sold]$ s t x w n leak4 ,! rivets are to prev5t ! sp\t f melt+ (f4 ,a lid = ! c(fee pot may be made f ! bottom ( ano!r c ( ! same size4 ,"s cans are provid$ ) a cov] & ^! make excell5t c(fee pots4 ,boil+ or ,cook+ ,pails4--,! boil+ or cook+ pails are made 9 ! same mann] z ! pails describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,ix1 page #ajj4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to use only roll$ rim or lock$ seam pails = any ut5sil t is to g ov] a fire4 ,fry+ ,pan4--,! fry+ pan is made by cutt+ d[n a l>ge r\nd or squ>e c ( ! roll$ or lock$ seam type4 ,! edges are turn$ & a suitable h&le is rivet$ on z %[n4 ,be sure to rivet all jo9ts t are to be subject$ to ! heat f a fire4 ,toa/]4--,a toa/] or broil] may be made f fold$ /rips ( t9 :i* are /rongly rivet$ toge!r z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ie4 ,be sure to put two rivets 9 ea* corn] ( ! toa/]4 ,! ,cante5 or ,hot ,wat] ,bottle4--,! cante5 or hot wat] bottle may be made ( two cake or pie t9s sold]$ toge!r or f l>ge r\nd gallon cans cut to size & made up l a l>ge t9 c :eel4 ,a wat]-tight screw cap may be fitt$ to ! cante5 by remov+ ! screw top & cap f a maple syrup or automobile oil c & sold]+ ! screw ov] a suitable hole 9 ! cante54 ,mo/ ( ^! screw caps may be melt$ (f ! orig9al c by simply heat+ !m1 ! cap itself be+ remov$ dur+ ?is op]ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xx ,a toy t9 c kit*5 made by au?or4 ,! body ( ! range is made ( a biscuit box4 ,! draught door is made ( ! top ( a pepp] box1 ) sift] top4 ,! a% door is made ( ! bottom ( a pepp] box4 ,! ov5 door is made ( ! h+$ t9 lid ( a little cig> box4 ,! /ove lids are made ( c lids4 ,! door h&les are rivets4 ,! range boil] is made ( a long c2 pipes are made ( wire4 ,! tea kettle is made ( a %oe pa/e box4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xxi ,a doll's ba?room made by ! au?or4 ,! ba? tub is made ( a corn c1 cut 9 half l5g?wise4 ,"p ( ano!r c ( ! same size is fitt$ ) ! op5 end ( ! fir/ c4 ,! edges are turn$ ov]4 ,! wa%/& is made ( ! top & bottom ( a spice box2 ! b[l is made ( a v>ni% c cap4 ,! column is made ( a pill box4 ,! mirror is made ( a c lid4 ,a t9 c laundry made by ! au?or4 ,! laundry tubs are made ( a cig>ette box4 ,rivets are us$ z faucets4 ,! s9k is made ( a pocket tobacco box4 ,cup hooks are us$ z faucets4 ,! clock is made ( a small t9 box & c lids4 ,a ,camp ,%[] ,ba?4--,a camp %[] ba? may be made ( a v l>ge c1 a %oe pa/e box1 a %ort l5g? ( rubb] hose & two small flat pieces ( t94 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ie4 ,a #e-;gallon c t has conta9$ automobile oil is easily f\nd & a hot lye ba? w remove all traces ( ! oil4 ,! lye solution is plac$ 9 ! c & rais$ to ! boil+ po9t4 ,x is !n p\r$ out & ! c is r9s$ ) hot wat]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #if4 ,! top ( ! c is remov$ & a /rong h&le fix$ to ! c4 ,a small nipple ( t9 is sold]$ to ! side ( ! c1 ne> ! bottom4 ,?is nipple is simply a flat piece ( t9 roll$ into a cyl9drical %ape & ( a suitable size s t a piece ( rubb] hose may be fitt$ tightly ov] x4 ,a second nipple ( ! same size %\ld be made = ! spray nozzle4 ,! spray nozzle is made f a %oe pa/e or salve box4 ,a numb] ( f9e holes are pun*$ 9 ! box lid & ! t9 pipe or nipple is sold]$ 9 a hole made = x 9 ! bottom ( ! box4 ,a wire hook is provid$ at ! rim ( ! pail to hold ! spray nozzle 9 place :5 x is n desir$ to h ! wat] run out ( x4 ,x w be f\nd conv5i5t to h a d\ble pulley & rope rigg$ to hoi/ ! pail to a conv5i5t height aft] fill+4 ,! ,mat* ,box4--,! mat* box is made ( two cig>ette boxes1 "o = good mat*es & ! o!r = burn$ mat*es4 ,^! boxes are ( ample size to hold ! pap] draw] ( a l>ge box ( p>lor mat*es4 ,! h+$ top is left on ! box t is to hold ! unburn$ mat*es4 ,?is box is sold]$ to two support+ brackets 9 su* a mann] t x is held away f ! piece ( t9 =m+ ! back = ! two boxes & s t ! lid ( ! upp] box may be rais$4 ,! l[] box is simply sold]$ to ! back piece4 ,?ree fold$ /rips ( t9 are sold]$ to ! front ( ?is second box to =m a hold] = a /rip ( s& pap] to /rike ! mat*es on4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi ,,prep>+ ,,! ,,toys ,,= ,,pa9t+ ,,remov+ ,,surplus ,,sold] ,,) ,,scrap]s--,,mak+ ,a ,,hoe ,,scrap]--,,plumb]s' ,,& ,,ro(]s' ,,scrap]s--,,scrap+ ,,& ,,fil+--,,boil+ ,,! ,,toys ,,9 ,a ,,lye ,,ba?--,,v5t ,,holes ,x frequ5tly happ5s t m sold] is appli$ to ! jo9ts ?an is ne$$ to cem5t ! "w toge!r or t ! sold] is left 9 a r r\gh or lumpy /ate due to ! inexp]i5ce ( ! work]4 ,! beg9n] %\ld be 9 no wise disc\rag$ if ?is is s1 = !re is a c]ta9 knack 9 sold]+ neatly & ?is is only acquir$ by exp]i5ce & by closely obs]v+ ! simple rules gov]n+ ! op]ation4 ,! beg9n] %\ld be sure t en\gh sold] is appli$ to hold ! "w firmly toge!r4 ,! surplus sold] may be scrap$ away by us+ a simple scrap] %ap$ l a hoe4 ,an old knife is also useful = cutt+ away lumps ( sold]4 ,an old file or rasp :i* has v co>se tee? may be us$ to file away sold]4 ,a f9ely cut file %\ld nev] be us$ to file sold] z ! f9e tee? w clog up ) sold] & ! file be r5d]$ useless = any fur!r "w4 ,mak+ a ,hoe ,scrap]4--,a hoe scrap] may be made f a *eap screw driv]1 su* z ^? obta9able f ! #e-;&-#aj c5t /ores4 ,! end ( ! screw driv] t is appli$ to ! screw is heat$ r$ hot 7a dull r$74 ,x is !n plac$ quickly betwe5 ! jaws ( a vise s t ! jaws grasp x ab\t in* f ! end & be=e ! /eel has "t to cool1 x is b5t ov] l a hoe1 see ,fig4 #ig4 ,use a flat f9e-too!d file to file ! cutt+ edges to ab\t ! angle %[n 9 ! enl>g$ draw+ ( ! work+ end ( ! hoe scrap]4 ,:5 ! tool is fil$ into %ape1 heat ! end aga9 to a dull r$ & plunge x quickly 9 a pail ( wat] sev]al times until x is entirely cold4 ,! tool is !n ready = use4 ,! hoe scrap] is a v simple tool to use4 ,! cutt+ edge is simply dragg$ ) slight pressure ov] ! sold] to be remov$1 & w remove a little sold] ea* "t x is dragg$ ov] x4 ,?is tool may be %>p5$ easily ) a smoo? file or on a gr9d/one :5 x becomes dull4 ,d n try to remove too mu* sold] at once & d n take away too mu* sold] f ! jo9t z y w weak5 x4 ,simply smoo? up ! sold] s t x w look well :5 pa9t$ ov]4 ,plumb]s' & ,ro(]s' ,scrap]s4--,two v h&y scrap]s may be pur*as$ f a deal] 9 t9n]s' tools4 ,"o ( !m is call$ a ,plumb]s' ,scrap] & is %[n 9 ,fig4 #ig4 ,! o!r is call$ a ,ro(+ ,scrap] & is %[n 9 ,fig4 #ig4 ,ei!r ( ^! tools w prove v useful = remov+ sold]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ig4 ,boil+ ! ,toys 9 a ,lye ,ba?4--,:5 ! toys are completely assembl$ & be=e !y are pa9t$ !y %\ld be ?or\ghly boil$ up 9 a lye ba? to remove all grease1 sold]+ pa/e or acid1 pap] or pa9t$ labels1 etc4 ,! lye ba? is made by add+ two heap+ tablespoonfuls ( lye or wa%+ soda to ! gallon ( boil+ wat]4 ,lye or wa%+ soda may be pur*as$ at any groc]y /ore4 ,! lye solution %\ld be mix$ up 9 an old wa% boil] or a l>ge c or pail1 plac$ ov] a hot fire & kept boil+ g5tly dur+ su* "t z ! toys are imm]s$ 9 ! lye ba?4 ,en\gh lye solution %\ld be made up s t at lea/ half ( ! article to be clean$ w be cov]$ ) x4 ,! toy is left 9 ! ba? until t "p ( x :i* is cov]$ ) ! solution is clean4 ,x is !n remov$ f ! ba?1 r9s$1 & !n t "p ( ! toy t rema9s to be clean$ is plac$ 9 ! solution4 ,! :ole toy %\ld be ?or\ghly r9s$ ) w>m wat] :5 x is f9ally remov$ f ! lye ba?4 ,make sure t x is ?or\ghly dry & also t any wat] or lye solution t may h gott5 inside any p>tially seal$-up p>ts ( ! toy is remov$ be=e attempt+ to pa9t x4 ,take c>e n to place ! h&s 9 ! lye solution1 hot or cold1 z x is v injuri\s to ! sk94 ,any lye solution accid5tly spill$ on clo? w eat holes 9 x unless wa%$ out ) pl5ty ( wat] imm$iately4 ,! "w %\ld be h&l$ ) wire hooks :5 lift+ x out ( ! lye ba?4 ,a fre% lye ba? %\ld be made up occasionally z x loses its cleans+ p[] 9 proportion to ! "w boil$ up 9 x4 ,lye may be add$ to a ba? already made up if ?is ba? has n accumulat$ too mu* dirt4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ih4 ,v5t ,holes4--,if a c is us$ to repres5t a boil] or is made up into a drum-l /ructure1 su* z a :eel1 & is n sold]$ up air tight1 x is apt to fill up ) ! hot lye solution :5 plac$ 9 x4 ,unless !re are two air holes or v5ts provid$ 9 su* a boil] or :eel1 ! lye or wat] w n all run out :5 x is remov$ f ! ba?1 b x w ooze out f "t to "t p]haps aft] ! toy has be5 pa9t$ = "s "t4 ,! lye ?us lib]at$ w ru9 all pa9t ) :i* x comes 9 contact4 ,at lea/ two v5t holes %\ld be pun*$ or bor$ 9 all drum-l /ructures employ$ ab\t ! toys1 "o hole at ! top to admit air & ano!r hole at ! bottom to all[ ! wat] or lye solution to escape4 ,^! v5t holes are p>ticul>ly necess>y 9 :eels t are made f cans1 see ,fig4 #ih4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii ,,notes ,,on ,,pa9t+ ,,! ,,toys ,! t9 toys %\ld be pa9t$ ) a good grade ( enamel pa9t4 ,enamel pa9ts h v>ni% mix$ ) !m & dry h>d & glossy & =m a v durable & attractive f9i% = ! toys4 ,!re are sev]al popul> br&s ( ^! enamel pa9ts on ! m>ket & almo/ any ( !m w give good results if prop]ly appli$4 ,sev]al colors %\ld be pur*as$ to />t )1 black1 :ite1 *]ry r$1 *rome yell[1 prussian or royal blue4 ,) ?is assortm5t ( colors1 x is possible to get a v>iety ( %ades by mix+4 ,a c ( v]milion & a c ( khaki-color$ enamel pa9t1 z well z small cans ( gold & silv] & bronze pa9t1 w prove v h&y additions to ! above collection ( colors4 ,! v]milion1 gold & silv] pa9ts are us$ to pa9t c]ta9 details ( ! toys t ne$ to be emphasiz$4 ,be sure to keep all ! cans ( pa9t tightly cov]$ :5 n 9 use1 s t ! pa9t w n dry up & become ?ick & gummy f contact ) ! air4 ,sev]al pa9t bru%es %\ld be pur*as$ at ! pa9t deal]s1 ! l>ge/ bru% %\ld be ( s(t hair ab\t in* wide1 & ! smalle/ bru% a t9y po9t$ "o = detail & l9e "w4 ,always keep ^! bru%es cov]$ ) turp5t9e aft] us+ !m or wa% !m out imm$iately aft] by scrubb+ !m on a cake ( soap ) pl5ty ( w>m wat]4 ,cut sev]al small cans d[n to tray size & use !m = mix+ ! pa9t4 ,always /ir up a c ( pa9t be=e us+ x4 ,use a small /ick = /irr+ & keep at x until ! pa9t is ?or\ghly mix$4 ,enamel pa9ts may be ?9n$ ) turp5t9e & a bottle ( ?is %\ld be kept on h&4 ,d n use y\r pa9t too ?ick4 ,x %\ld be ( su* a consi/5cy z to drip sl[ly f ! bru% be=e ! bru% is wip$ aga9/ ! side ( ! c to remove ! surplus pa9t ^u comm5c+ ! "w4 ,be sure to mix up en\gh pa9t to cov] ! entire surface to be pa9t$ if us+ mix$ colors1 z x is v difficult to mix a second bat* ( ! same %ade ( color4 ,?9k h[ y are go+ to apply y\r pa9t be=e />t+4 ,try to plan y\r pa9t+ s t y w n h to "w ov] a pa9t$ surface a second "t until t surface is ?or\ghly dry4 ,! pa9t %\ld be appli$ smoo?ly ) a bru%4 ,j en\gh pa9t %\ld be held 9 ! bru% s t x fl[s onto ! t9 )\t /reaks ( ! t9 %[+ ?r\gh ! pa9t4 ,g5]ally speak+1 y %\ld />t at ! top ( a piece ( "w & pa9t d[n4 ,ea* fre% bru% /roke %\ld ov]lap ! "o above x & mop up any surplus pa9t ( ! =m] bru% /rokes4 ,pa9t ! intricate p>ts fir/ & !n ! pla9 surfaces4 ,= in/ance1 :5 pa9t+ ! a]oplane wea!rvane1 use a small bru% & pa9t ! /ruts fir/1 !n pa9t ar\nd ! bases & tops ( ! /ruts on ! surface ( ! planes4 ,*ange ! small bru% = a l>g] "o & fl[ m pa9t ov] ! surface ( ! planes1 ga!r+ up ! pa9t ar\nd ! ends ( ! /ruts z y pa9t along4 ,:5 pa9t+ a l>ge model1 su* z an army truck1 & n be+ q sure ( ! quantity ( pa9t ne$$1 mix up en\gh pa9t to pa9t all ! p>ts ( ! model t %[ ! mo/ & leave su* p>ts z ! bottom ( ! frame & ! inside ( ! body until la/4 ,if y h to mix up m pa9t = ^! la/ p>ts x w n matt] if x is n exactly ! same %ade4 ,if y h n _h v mu* exp]i5ce 9 mix+ & comb9+ colors1 x is g5]ally bett] to use ! diff]5t t9ts j z !y come f ! cans1 )\t try+ to mix !m4 ,d n use too _m colors on "o toy1 b try to get a pleas+ effect ) two or ?ree colors t look well toge!r4 ,= in/ance1 a truck may be pa9t$ an olive gre5 or khaki color ov] its entire surface1 except+ ! front ( ! radiator :i* %\ld be pa9t$ ) silv] pa9t4 ,:5 ! fir/ coat ( pa9t is ?or\ghly dry1 l9es ( black may be pa9t$ ab\t ! body & v>i\s edges emphasiz$ ) black4 ,! hubs ( ! :eels1 ! lamps1 ! rim ( ! /e]+ :eel1 & ! fill] cap on ! radiator may all be pa9t$ black ) good effect4 ,! "p ( ! :eels :i* is suppos$ to repres5t ! tires %\ld be pa9t$ a d>k gray4 7,gray may be made by mix+ black & :ite toge!r47 ,/udy ! l>ge trucks se5 ab\t ! /reets = inspiration4 ,^! l>ge trucks are ne>ly always v simply & attractively pa9t$4 ,real locomotives are pa9t$ black at pres5t1 b a small toy locomotive looks mu* bett] if ! :eels are pa9t$ r$ 7v]milion74 ,a r$ b& may be pa9t$ ab\t ! top ( ! smoke/ack & ! t9 /rips fram+ ! cab w9d[s %\ld be pa9t$ r$1 z may ! numb] ( ! eng9e1 etc4 ,! :i/le %\ld be pa9t$ ) gold pa9t & also ! inside ( ! headlight1 & broad l9es may be pa9t$ ab\t ! boil] ) gold to repres5t ! /raps se5 ab\t locomotive boil]s4 ,pa9t ! tires ( ! eng9e :eels ) silv] pa9t4 ,! driv+ rods may be pa9t$ ei!r black or silv]4 ,a toy locomotive ?us pa9t$ w prove f> m attractive to a *ild ?an if x is pa9t$ a pla9 black l a real locomotive4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ! toys %\ld be pa9t$ "o dom9at+ color ( an attractive t9t & reliev$ or bright5$ ) l9es & c]ta9 details pa9t$ ) a bright or contra/+ color4 ,always all[ "o coat ( pa9t to dry ?or\ghly be=e pa9t+ on x aga94 ,t9 toys may be bak$ 9 an ov5 :5 !y are fre%ly pa9t$4 ,! bak+ dries ! enamel pa9t v quickly & t5ds to make ! pa9t dry v h>d & smoo?4 ,! bak+ ov5 ( a coal or gas range w d v well = ! bak+1 b be v sure t ! ov5 is n too hot1 z a hot ov5 w cause ! sold] to melt & ! toys to fall ap>t4 ,x is bett] to leave ! ov5 door op5$ slightly :5 bak+ ! pa9t$ toys ov] a sl[ fire4 ,x is n necess>y to bake ! toys aft] pa9t+ z !y may be simply left to dry 9 ! air4 ,always pa9t sl[ly & c>efully4 ,toys t are attractively pa9t$ to mat* good con/ruction are mu* m satisfactory ?an a well-made toy poorly pa9t$4 ,,index ,a ,a]oplane wea!rvane1 #ahg-aia ,ambulance body1 #aed1 #aee ,anvils1 #dj1 #da ,appliances1 %op1 #ci-dc ,a% trays1 #hf-ic ,assembl+ auto truck1 #aci-ade ,auto truck1 mak+1 #ajg-ade army1 #aec-aee axles1 #aad bodies1 #adf-aef cabs1 #afe *assis1 #aah-abf coal truck1 #aeb1 #aec da% bo>d1 #ace-ach drill+ holes 9 :eel c5t]s1 #aac1 #aad fire eng9e1 #aee1 #aef fitt+s1 #afa-afe hood1 #abg-acd horns1 #afc lights1 #afa-afc mud gu>ds1 #afj radiator1 #abe-acd sold]+ fill] cap on radiator1 #acb-acd sold]+ seat1 #ach sold]+ :eels to axles1 #ada-adc />t+ crank1 #aeg1 #aeh /e]+ :eel1 #aei /reet spr9kl]1 #aea-aec tank truck1 #aea tool boxes1 #afc1 #afd v5ts or l\v]s 9 hood1 #acj-acb wa%]s = axles1 #adc-ade ,auto truck :eel c5t]s1 f9d+1 #cg1 #ch :eel mak+1 #ajg-aah :eel1 mak+ hole 9 c5t]1 #aab-aad ,b ,b5*1 "w1 #da1 #db ,b5d+ /rips ( t9 to design1 #ha-hc wire 9 vise1 #aeg ,biscuit cutt]1 #dd-ec ,block1 pun*+ & =m+1 #ej ,bodies1 ambulance1 #aed1 #aee auto truck1 #adf-aef coal1 #aeb diff]5t bodies fitt$ to same *assis1 #adi-aef fire eng9e1 #aee1 #aef /reet spr9kl]1 #aea1 #aeb tank1 #aea ,boats1 #aff-age battle%ip1 #aga1 #agb f]ry1 #agb1 #agc r[1 #aff1 #afg sail1 #afg1 #afh sc[1 #afg tug1 #afi-aga ,burns1 rem$y =1 #bf ,c ,cabs1 truck1 #afe ,cabs1 locomotive1 #agf1 #agg ,camp equipm5t1 #aie-aii cante51 #aif c(fee pot1 #aie cook+ pails1 #aif fry+ pan1 #aif hot wat] bottle1 #aif ,camp equipm5t1 mat* box1 #aii %[] ba?1 #aif-aii toa/]1 #aif ,c&le/icks1 #id-ii1 #aib1 #aic ,c>s1 railroad1 #agh-aha ,*>coal & wood fires = heat+ sold]+ copp]s1 #ei1 #fj ,*assis1 =m+ truck1 #aah-abf ,clean+ & scrap+ t9 = sold]+1 #ga-gc cans1 #ba-be ,connect+ rods = locomotive1 #agg1 #agh ,cooky cutt]s1 #gi-he ,cuts1 rem$y =1 #bf ,cutt+ away surplus t9 at c rims1 #aja1 #ajb holes 9 t9 ) *isel1 #if1 #ig into cans1 #bb-bd n>r[ /rips ( t91 #hj1 #ha ,cyl9d]s1 locomotive1 #agg1 #agh ,d ,da% bo>ds1 truck1 #ace-ach ,divid]s1 spr+1 #cc ,d\ble cutt+ %e>s1 #bd ,drill+ hole 9 :eel c5t]s1 #aac1 #aad ,e ,electrical sold]+ copp]s1 #fj1 #fg1 #fh ,f ,fil+ t91 #de1 #df ! sold]+ copp]1 #fc-fe ,fire eng9e1 #aee1 #aef ,fitt+s = truck1 #afa-afe ,flux1 apply+1 #gd ,fluxes = sold]+1 #ee1 #fb-gj ,fold+ t9 by h&1 #ej1 #ea hat*et /ake1 #abc-abe vise1 #abc wood5 ro(+ fold]1 #abj-abc ,=m+ *assis = truck1 #aah-abf mallet1 #db1 #dc us+1 #hg-ia ,=m+ a wire h&le1 #aje1 #ajf ,fry+ pan1 #aif ,g ,galvaniz$ wire1 sizes1 #cj us$ = axles1 #aad ,gas furnace = heat+ sold]+ copp]s1 #eh1 #ei ,gasol9e tor* = heat+ sold]+ copp]s1 #eh1 #ei ,h ,h&le1 =m+ = biscuit cutt]1 #di-ec ,hat*et /ake us$ = fold+1 #abc-abe ,heat+ app>atus = sold]+ copp]s1 #ee-fj sold]+ copp]s1 #fe-fh ,hood1 truck1 #abg-acd ,horns1 truck1 #afc ,hot wat] bottle1 #aif ,i ,ice pick us$ z pun*1 #aab1 #aac ,k 8,kill$0 or sold]+ acid1 mak+1 #fh-gj ,l ,lay+ out "w1 #cb-ci ,lant]n1 #aib1 #aic ,lights1 truck1 #afa1 #afb ,locomotive1 #agd-agi boil]1 #agf cab1 #agf connect+ rods1 #agg1 #agh cyl9d]s1 #agg1 #agh fitt+s1 #agh frame1 #agd-agg ,locomotive :eels1 #agg ,lugs = pail h&le1 #ajb-aje ,lye ba?1 description1 #bj us$ = clean+ cans1 #gb1 #gc ,m ,m>k+ awl1 #cb (f "w1 #cb1 #cc l9e ar\nd a c1 #bb ,mat* box1 #aii hold] & a% tray1 #ia-ic ,mat]ials ne$$ aside f cans1 #cj ,me*anical toys1 #ahb-aia a]oplane wea!rvane1 #ahg-aia s&mills1 #ahb /eam turb9e & boil]1 #ahb1 #ahc wat] :eels1 #ahb w9dmill1 #ahg ,melt+ (f c lids1 #aaj1 #aaa ,metal %e>s1 #be ,mud gu>ds = truck1 #afj ,n ,notes on pa9t+ ! toys1 #bjf-baj ,o ,oil /ove us$ = heat+ sold]+ copp]s1 #ef-fa ,p ,pa9t+ t9 c toys1 #bjf-baj ,pa9ts us$ = t9 c toys1 #bjf ,po9ts to rememb] ab\t sold]+1 #ge-gg ,prep>+ cans = toy mak+1 #bj-bb toys = pa9t+1 #bjj-bje ,pun*es1 #dg-di ,pun*+ a hole 9 t91 #df-di ,pun*+ holes ) ice pick1 #aab1 #aac holes 9 radiator1 #abi ,r ,radiator1 truck1 #abg-acd ,rivet+1 #ajj1 #ajc-aje ,rivets1 #cj ,runn+ bo>ds1 truck1 #afj1 #afa ,s ,s&mills1 #ahb ,sconces1 wall1 #aib ,scrap]s1 #bja1 #bjb home-made1 #bja plumb]s' & ro(]s'1 #bja1 #bjb ,scrap+ away surplus sold]1 #bjj-bjb ,seat1 truck1 #ach ,%eet t91 #ed ,%[] ba?1 #aif-aii ,smoke/ack = locomotive1 #agh ,s(t sold]1 #ed o!r me?ods ( apply+1 #gh ,sold]+1 #ed-gj c&le/ick1 #ii clean+ & scrap+ =1 #ga-gc cooky cutt]1 #hc-he fill] cap on radiator1 #acb-acd heat+ app>atus =1 #ee-fj hood & radiator to truck *assis1 #aci 8,kill$ ,acid10 mak+1 #fh-gj n>r[ /rips ( t91 #ha-hc pa/e1 #fb1 #fc o!r me?ods ( apply+1 #gh po9ts to rememb] ab\t1 #ge-gg practice piece1 #gc-gh process1 #ee ,sold]+1 scrap+ away surplus sold]1 #bjj-bjb s(t sold]1 #ed /rips ( t9 to flat piece #hc :eels to axles1 #ada-adc copp] or 8iron10 #fj-fb clean+ ) 8kill$ acid10 #fc-fg electrical1 #fj1 #fg1 #fh fil+1 #fc-fe fitt+ h&le to1 #fb heat+1 #fe-fh t9n+1 #fc-fh ,spr+s1 truck1 #adj1 #ada ,squ>+ up a piece ( t91 #cd1 #ce ,/>t+ crank1 #aeg1 #aeh ,/eam turb9e1 #ahb1 #ahc ,/e]+ :eel & column1 #aei ,/reet spr9kl]1 #aea-aec ,/rip wa%]s = axles1 #adc-ade ,/rips ( t91 cutt+1 #cf1 #cg1 #hj1 #ha ,supplem5t>y tool li/1 #ca1 #cb ,sug> scoop1 #ec ,surface gauge1 us+1 #ch1 #ci ,t ,tank truck1 #aea ,t9 cans us$ = toys1 #ai1 #bj %eet1 #ed /rips1 cutt+1 #cf1 #cg1 #hj1 #ha ,t9n+ sold]+ copp]1 #fa-fh ,toa/]1 #aif ,tool boxes = truck1 #afc1 #afd li/s & co/s1 #bi-cb ,tools1 #bh-cb ,try squ>e1 #cc1 #cd ,turb9e1 /eam1 #ahb1 #ahc ,turn+ edges on r\nd trays1 #hf-ia ,v ,v5t holes = dra9+1 #bjd1 #bje ,v5ts or ,l\v]s1 cutt+ 9 hood1 #acj-acb ,vise1 description1 #ci1 #dj us$ = b5d+ wire1 #aeg us$ = fold+1 #acb ,w ,wa%]s1 /rip1 = axles1 #adc-ade ,wat] :eels1 #ahb ,:eels1 mak+1 #ajg-aah axles =1 #aad c5t]s1 f9d+1 #cg1 #ch drill+ holes 9 c5t]1 #aac1 #aad f t9 cans ) roll$-rim ends1 #aag1 #aah f t9 cans ) sold]$ ends1 #ajh-aad ice pick us$ = mak+ holes 9 c5t]s1 #aab1 #aac locomotive1 #agg s&1 #ahb sold]+ to axles1 #ada-adc wat]1 #ahb w9dmill1 #ahg ,wire1 galvaniz$1 sizes1 #cj us$ = :eel axles1 #aad ,wood *isel us$ = cutt+ t91 #aca-acb