,transcrib]'s ,notes ,text pr9t$ 9 italics has be5 transcrib$ betwe5 und]scores1 bold face text betwe5 equal signs4 ,small capitals h be5 conv]t$ to ,,all ,,capitals4 text repres5ts sup]script text4 ,m ,transcrib]'s ,notes may be f\nd at ! end ( ?is text4 ,illu/ration3 ,gold ,m$als3 ,p>is1 #ahgh & #aijj4 ,,wilk9son ,,heywood ,,cl>k ,,limit$ ,,cal$onian ,,rd ,,london ,manufactur]s ( ! ,celebrat$ 8,non,poison\s ,col\rs0 9 ri* & delicate neutral t9ts1 = ,high,class ,decorations4 ,illu/ration3 ,,don',t ,,spoil ,,y\r ,,"w ,,by ,,us+ ,,inf]ior ,,bru%es4 8,,page',s0 ,,pa9t+ ,,bru%es ,h /ood ,,! ,,te/ ,,( ,a ,,c5tury1 & e bru% be>+ _! "n is ackn[l$g$ to be ( ! ,,be/ ,,quality t c be produc$4 ,s4 ,d4 ,,page ,,sons1 ,l,,td41 ,,norwi*4 ,,illu/rat$ ,,price ,,li/ ,,po/ ,,free ,,on ,,application4 ,,col\rs4 ,,pure4 ,,) #be ,,) #ajj ,,p>ts ,,z9c4 ,,p>ts ,,z9c4 ,,turkey ,,umb] ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,fr5* ,,o*re ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,raw ,,si5na ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,orange ,,*rome ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,prussian ,,blue ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,m$ium ,,*rome ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,middle ,,*rome ,,gre5 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,moss ,,gre5 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,pa9t ,,col\r ,,mix+ ,a ,,practical ,,h&book ,,= ,,pa9t]s1 ,,decorators ,,& ,,all ,,:o ,,h ,,to ,,mix ,,col\rs1 ,,conta9+ #gb ,,samples ,,( ,,pa9t ,,( ,,v>i\s ,,col\rs1 ,,includ+ ,,! ,,pr9cipal ,,gra9+ ,,gr\nds1 ,,& ,,upw>ds ,,( #djj ,,diff]5t ,,col\r ,,mixtures1 ,,) ,,h9ts ,,on ,,col\r ,,& ,,pa9t ,,mix+ ,,g5]ally1 ,,te/+ ,,col\rs1 ,,recipes ,,= ,,special ,,pa9ts1 ,,etc41 ,,etc41 ,,ar?ur ,,seym\r ,,j5n+s4 ,london3 ,e4 ,f4 ,n4 ,,spon1 ,,ltd41 #abe1 ,,/r&4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,spon ,,*amb]la91 #abc1 ,,lib]ty ,,/reet #aijb4 ,,preface4 ,! au?or w\ld = "s reasons be incl9$ to (f] an apology = ?is "w 9 its pres5t =m1 because x falls s f> %ort ( :at might be expect$ 9 a compreh5sive treatise on ! subject ( :i* x treats4 ,to und]/& col\r mix+ ! /ud5t %\ld fir/ c>efully /udy col\r !ory1 & !n ! prop]ties ( pigm5ts4 ,b x w be obs]v$ t !re is b little relat+ to !ory 9 ?is "w1 & ! reasons are giv5 di/9ctly1 & are1 9 brief1 t ! subject is too complex a "o to r5d] x possible = x to be dealt ) 9 ! limit$ range ( ^! pages1 :ile ano!r reason is t ! subject is v well cov]$ 9 sev]al books publi%$ 9 late ye>s by ,pr(essor ,,*ur*1 ,,george ,h4 ,,hur/1 ,pr(essor ,,rood1 & o!rs4 ,! au?or1 h[ev]1 has ample ju/ification = ! publication ( ?is little "w 9 ! fact t he has dur+ ! la/ fifte5 ye>s receiv$1 9 8 capacity z editor ( pa9t]s' publications1 enquiries almo/ daily = a book giv+ col\r mixtures1 ) actual samples ( col\rs1 9 o!r words1 "o :i* w\ld be useful to ! man :o wants to mix pa9ts b :o has n made a /udy ( ! subject4 ,a critic might object t x is impossible to give accurate col\r mixtures1 because ! actual appe>ance ( col\r v>ies accord+ to ! light 9 :i* x is view$1 & also because ! result obta9$ by mix+ col\r$ pigm5ts ( diff]5t manufacture mu/ v>y greatly accord+ to ! quality ( ^? col\rs4 ,all ^! objections h be5 c>efully borne 9 m9d 9 ! prep>ation ( ! cont5ts ( ?is "w4 ,x has be5 assum$ t ! col\r mixtures w be view$ 9 an av]age good light1 & x is fur!r assum$ t ! col\rs :i* h be5 employ$ w n necess>ily be ( ! v be/ quality b c]ta9ly n ^? :i* are v inf]ior4 ,! *apt]s on col\r te/+1 etc41 h be5 add$ n only because ^! prop]ly =m a "p ( ! subject1 b because s _m pa9t]s are defici5t 9 a k ( !m4 ,x ne$ only be add$ t e "o ( ! mixtures giv5 9 ?is "w has be5 c>efully made ) ! actual col\rs4 ,! prep>ation ( ! li/ has be5 no inconsid]able "w4 ,! au?or !re=e leaves 8 little book 9 ! h&s ( practical read]s 9 ! hope t ev5 if x falls %ort ( be+ a complete treatise x may1 at lea/1 prove ( "s s]vice 9 ev]yday "w4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,! ,composition ( a ,pa9t -- ,pigm5ts1 ,oil1 ,turp5t9e1 ,dri]s1 ,col\rs -- ,practical ,pa9t ,mix+1 ,me*anical ,pa9t ,mix] -- ,pa9t ,/ra9] -- ,! ,proportions ( ,mat]ials = use on ,p9e & ,s(t ,woods -- ,on ,h>d ,woods g5]ally -- ,on ,iron -- ,on ,/ucco -- ,on ,pla/]1 etc4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,col\rs or ,/a9]s -- ,! appe>ance 9 /rong & subdu$ lights -- ,! ,nom5clature ( ,col\rs -- ,examples ( v>iation 9 ! names ( ,col\rs -- ,ef=ts made to e/abli% a ,uni=m ,nom5clature -- ,! ,economy ( us+ ,good ,col\rs -- ,hues1 ,%ades & ,t9ts4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,:ites -- ,recipes = v>i\s mixtures ( ,:ite ,pigm5ts -- ,! ,advantages & ,disadvantages ( ,:ite ,lead1 ,z9c ,:ite1 ,li?opone1 etc41 etc4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,grays & ,greys -- ,g5]al ,rem>ks -- ,h[ to ,mix v>i\s ,greys & ,grays4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,r$s1 ,crimsons & ,purples -- ,g5]al ,rem>ks -- ,h[ to ,mix ^! ,col\rs4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,blues -- ,g5]al ,rem>ks -- ,h[ to ,mix ,blue g5]ally4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,yell[s -- ,g5]al ,rem>ks -- ,h[ to ,mix ,yell[s g5]ally4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,gre5s1 h[ to ,mix !m -- ,g5]al ,rem>ks -- ,sugge/ions = ,exp]im5ts4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,br[ns1 & h[ to ,mix !m -- ,g5]al ,rem>ks on ,br[ns4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,gra9+ ,gr\nds & h[ to ,mix !m4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,h[ to ,te/ ! ,quality ( ,col\rs -- ,! ,*>act]i/ics ( ,good ,col\rs -- ,gre5s1 ,v5etian1 ,tuscan & ,indian ,r$s -- ,r$ ,lead -- ,*romes -- ,o*res -- ,blacks -- ,blues -- ,umb]s & ,si5nas4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,recipes1 ,tables1 ,h9ts & ,notes -- ,li/ ( ,books useful to ! ,pa9t]4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,composition ,,( ,a ,,pa9t4--,cle>ly ! fir/ ?+ to be done be=e /udy+ ! subject ( pa9t & col\r mix+ is to det]m9e :at a pa9t or :at a col\r is4 ,)\t attempt+ to give a h>d & fa/ def9ition1 x may be said t a pa9t consi/s ( any pigm5t1 su* z :ite lead1 mix$ ) l9se$ oil1 & ?9n$ by means ( turp5t9e to r5d] x 9 su* a condition t x may be readily appli$ to ! surface ( wood1 iron & o!r "w by means ( a bru%4 ,pa9t s]ves ! purpose fir/ ( pres]v+ ! mat]ial to :i* x is appli$1 & secondly1 b n always1 a decorative object :]e ! col\r is ( importance4 ,! pr9cipal pigm5t us$ 9 pa9t mix+ is :ite lead1 b !re are _m o!rs t are also employ$4 ,_m pa9t]s look ^u pa9t z necess>ily consi/+ ( :ite lead to :i* has be5 add$ suffici5t col\r+ matt] to give ! desir$ t9t4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 :ite lead may be :olly abs5t f a pa9t4 ,= example1 yell[ o*re may be us$ by itself2 iron oxide 9 ! %ape ( ,indian r$1 purple br[n1 ,v5etian r$1 or ,tuscan r$ =ms 9 itself a good pa9t if ! col\r is n objectionable4 ,aga91 9 ! light] pa9ts we sometimes h :ite lead replac$ by an admixture ( z9c :ite1 b>ytes & o!r mat]ials ( ! k9d4 ,! oil us$ 9 mix+ pa9t is us$ to comb9e ! p>ticles or pigm5t toge!r4 ,t is its *ief object1 b x is also employ$ to give a glossy surface & to br+ ! mat]ial to a prop] consi/5cy4 ,turp5t9e c\ld be us$ = ! latt] purpose by itself1 b ! result w\ld be :at is t]m$ a 8flat0 surface1 or an abs5ce ( gloss4 ,! turp5t9e1 too1 evaporates to a consid]able ext5t4 ,x is g5]ally conc$$1 among ^? :o h giv5 close att5tion to ! subject1 t ! durability ( a pa9t dep5ds l>gely ^u ! oil us$2 inde$1 x has be5 lik5$ to ! life-blood ( ! pa9t4 ,!re is n mu* d\bt t ! be/ pigm5ts may be replac$ ) o!rs some:at inf]ior )\t s mu* detrim5t to ! quality ( ! pa9t z if l9se$ oil is replac$ by "s o!r oil4 ,x is q necess>y t pure l9se$ oil be us$ 9 ! manufacture ( all pa9ts1 & al?\gh !re are "o or two sub/itutes on ! m>ket :i* may be employ$ 9 v *eap "w1 no attempt %\ld be made to execute a really good job unless pure l9se$ oil is us$4 ,! purpose ( ! oil 9 giv+ a gloss is sometimes assi/$ by ! addition ( a small quantity ( oak v>ni%4 ,?is is a gr[+ cu/om among pa9t]s1 z ! gloss produc$ is decid$ly improv$ by ! addition ( ! v>ni% & ! "w %[s up well1 :ile ! v>ni% does n 9 any way detract f ! life ( ! pa9t1 b r adds to x4 ,?is practice is employ$ m on inside ?an outside "w1 :]e ! execution ( ! pa9t+ requires m c>e ?an x does inside1 ow+ to ! sev]e atmosph]ic conditions1 :i* cause any pa9t "w n prop]ly prep>$ to soon decay4 ,! base1 su* z :ite lead1 hav+ be5 select$1 col\rs are mix$ 9 ord] to produce ! desir$ hue or t9t4 ,frequ5tly1 h[ev]1 a col\r is made by ! mixture ( sev]al o!r col\rs )\t any :ite lead at all4 ,a c>eful exam9ation ( ! li/ includ$ 9 ?is book w make ?is cle>4 ,! col\r hav+ be5 det]m9$1 oil1 turp5t9e1 & dri]s are !n add$4 ,! object ( ! dri]s is t ( caus+ ! pa9t mat]ial to dry quickly4 ,!re are sev]al k9ds ( dri]s on ! m>ket1 b ! two be/ kn[n are t]m$ 8pat5t dri]s10 :i* is sold 9 solid =m1 & ! 8liquid dri]s0 or 8japann]s40 ,:i*ev] is us$ ! actual quantity employ$ w dep5d v l>gely ^u ! pigm5t4 ,"s pigm5ts1 say = in/ance1 r$ lead may be consid]$ 9 itself a dri]1 & ! addition ( any o!r is unnecess>y4 ,o!rs1 l ,v&yke br[n1 dry sl[ly1 & mu* m dri]s w be necess>y ?an is ! case ) :ite lead4 ,fur!r on we give "s idea ( ! proportions ( mat]ials to be us$1 b x w be und]/ood t no exact in=mation on ! subject w be possible1 = reasons t w be expla9$4 ,x is ( ! utmo/ importance to rememb] t an excess ( dri]s is mo/ objectionable4 ,x (t5 ret>ds in/ead ( increas+ ! dry+ quality1 x causes cracks & bli/]s1 & above all1 x proves v de/ructive to ! pa9t itself4 ,! quality ( pat5t dri]s v>ies v greatly1 "s ( ! *eap] grades consi/+ l>gely ( mat]ial :i* possesses no dry+ prop]ties :atev]4 ,,pa9t ,,mix+4--,! me?od ( mix+ pa9t does n appe>1 /range z x may seem1 to h receiv$ ! consid]ation on ! "p ( practical pa9t]s t x des]ves4 ,:ile ! mann] ( mix+ small quantities ( pa9t is ?or\ghly practical & s5sible1 yet "s pa9t]s1 ev5 :5 !y h l>g] quantities ( ! same pa9t to mix1 adopt exactly ! same means )\t ?9k+ x necess>y to take advantage ( special ma*9]y :i* is made = ! purpose4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 ,!re are on ! m>ket two sorts ( mix+ ma*9e = pa9ts t w\ld prove ( great s]vice to ! pa9t] :o has to produce l>ge quantities ( pa9t4 ,b1 z a rule1 !y are only us$ by pa9t manufactur]s4 ,"o kn[n z ! v]tical mix]1 is repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #a1 & is suitable = pa9t]s' use4 ,x consi/s ( a cyl9d] :i* conta9s ! pa9t1 & 9 ?is are ?ree b5t knives or scissors4 ,! h&le atta*$1 on be+ op]at$1 turns ! cyl9d] 9 "o direction & ! knives 9 ! opposite direction1 ^! knives 9 ! meantime revolv+ ar\nd on _! own axes4 ,! pa9t is ?us mix$ v quickly1 & z ! cyl9d] may be _h to hold sev]al gallons1 9 ! case ( bridge "w1 wall "w1 or o!r positions :]e a v l>ge quantity ( ! same pa9t is requir$1 ! pur*ase1 = a few p\nds1 ( su* a ma*9e may mean a sav+ ( a consid]able am\nt ( lab\r4 ,! mix] illu/rat$ is manufactur$ by ,messrs4 ,,torrance ,,sons1 ( ,bitt]n1 ,glos4 ,9 _m %ops1 :]e l>ge quantities ( /one col\r & o!r pa9ts h to be turn$ out1 su* a ma*9e w\ld soon repay its co/4 ,= ord9>y quantities ( pa9t1 ( :i* :ite lead =ms ! base1 ! foll[+ is ! me?od usually employ$4 ,x w be und]/ood t ! pa9t consi/s ( a base su* z :ite lead1 l9se$ oil1 ei!r raw or boil$1 dri]s--ei!r pat5t or liquid--& turp5t9e4 ,a c or kettle is mo/ usually employ$ = mix+ ! :ite lead 91 & ?is is fir/ ?9n$ out & mix$ ) ! dri]s & oil1 ! col\r be+ aft]w>ds add$ to x4 ,a little oil is fir/ plac$ 9 ! c1 :i* is twi/$ ar\nd s t ! oil cov]s e "p ( ! inside surface4 ,?is prev5ts ! lead /ick+ aga9/ ! t94 ,a suffici5t quantity ( oil & ! pat5t or o!r dri]s is !n add$4 ,! mo/ conv5i5t implem5t = actually mix+ ! pa9t is a broad piece ( wood %ap$ l a n>r[ spade1 or a spatula may be employ$4 ,! lead is /irr$ & beat5 aga9/ ! sides ( ! t9 until ! :ole is ( ! same consi/5cy1 & m oil is add$ until ! ?ickness is n suffici5t to support ! /ick /&+ upright4 ,turp5t9e may n[ be add$ to fur!r ?9 ! mixture1 & !n ! col\r is add$4 ,x may be not$ "h t ! result is n s satisfactory if ! turp5t9e is add$ be=e ! oil4 ,! be/ way ( mix+ actual col\rs is to place !m on a /one1 ?or\ghly amalgamat+ "o ) ! o!r by means ( a spatula4 ,:5 ! col\r is :at is requir$ x is add$ to ! :ite4 ,to take a simple case ( a gray1 a little black w\ld be beat5 up on ! /one1 & :5 q ?9 add$ to ! pot ( :ite4 ,?is w\ld !n be /irr$ up ?or\ghly & ! grey col\r obs]v$ to see :e!r x 0 suffici5tly d>k4 ,!n a v little r$ & blue might be prep>$ on ! /one & ?is be add$ to ! pot1 ! mixture be+ aga9 /irr$4 ,two v important rules mu/ be obs]v$ at ?is po9t4 ,! fir/ is t ! col\rs gr\nd 9 oil %\ld be us$ & n dry col\rs4 ,if dry col\rs are employ$ oil mu/ be add$ to !m on ! /one & n 9 ! pot4 ,we may repeat1 by way ( emphasis1 "u no circum/ances mu/ dry col\rs be add$ to ! pot ( col\r4 ,?is is a rule to :i* !re is absolutely no exception4 ,! second rule1 & "o :i* is equally important1 is to add only a small quantity ( col\r to ! pot ( :ite at ! "t4 ,tak+ ! case once m ( ! grey1 a little black be+ add$ & ! mixture well /irr$ x c be se5 at a glance :e!r ! desir$ dep? ( %ade is obta9$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x w\ld be q impossible to take any ( ! black f ! mixture1 & %\ld x be too d>k ! only way to light5 x w\ld be to add m :ite1 & ?is w\ld probably mean mix+ mu* m pa9t ?an 0 requir$ = ! job4 ,! pa9t hav+ be5 mix$ to ! exact col\r requir$1 all t n[ rema9s is to /ra9 x4 ,a piece ( musl9 is (t5 us$ = ?is purpose1 b a f> bett] me?od is to use a wire gauze /ra9]1 :i* may be pur*as$ = a small sum & w la/ = a consid]able l5g? ( "t4 ,! advantage ( ?is 9 addition to its p]man5ce is t ! h>d portions ( ! pa9t may be beat5 aga9/ ! gauze1 & s ! wa/e be r$uc$ to a m9imum4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,an excell5t %ape ( pa9t /ra9] is t %[n 9 ,fig4 #b1 :i* is %[n 9 p>ts 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,a1 repres5ts ! body ( ! /ra9]1 ,b1 ! clips :i* hold ! compression b& ,c1 & ,d1 repres5ts ! gauze4 ,! advantage ( ?is con/ruction is t ! gauze aft] use may be easily tak5 out1 clean$ & replac$4 ,?is /ra9] or its equival5t %\ld =m "p ( ! equipm5t ( e pa9t %op1 l>ge or small4 ,a v h&y little tool = break+ up oil pa9t :5 mix+ 9 a c in/ead ( us+ a /ick is %[n 9 ,fig4 #d 7see next page74 ,its %ape enables x to be us$ also z a scoop or spoon = lift+ ! col\r out ( ! kegs1 etc4 ,! pat5tee & manufactur] is ,h4 ,,smi?1 ,hale ,road ,bridge1 ,altr9*am1 ,*e%ire4 ,! illu/ration %[s bo? sides ( ! tool4 ,! projection on ! left h& ( ! c>v$ blade is provid$ 9 ord] to rea* b5ea? ! rim ( lev]-top cans4 ,,! ,,proportions ,,( ,,mat]ials4--,we come to a consid]ation ( ! prop] proportions ( mat]ials1 viz41 :ite lead 7or o!r :ite71 oil1 turp5t9e & dri]s--! col\r we %all speak ab\t %ortly--to be us$ on v>i\s k9ds ( "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,a little consid]ation w make x q cle> t x is impossible to give exact proportions ( mat]ials t w suit e job4 ,^! proportions are det]m9$ by ! condition ( ! "w4 ,a new door ( good s\nd p9e w be treat$ diff]5tly to "o made ( an inf]ior wood1 :i* is knotty & some:at sappy4 ,aga91 a door t has be5 expos$ to ! wea!r = "s ye>s1 & f :i* ! pa9t has1 p]haps1 almo/ :olly dep>t$1 w require a diff]5t mixture to a front door f :i* ! accumulation ( old pa9t1 ext5d+1 p]haps1 to ov] "o hundr$ ye>s1 has be5 burnt (f4 ,precisely 9 ! same way z pat5t m$ic9es _c be safely us$ = any & e compla9t1 s x is impossible to h pa9ts t w suit any & e purpose4 ,9 "o case ! doctor is consult$ & he takes into consid]ation e symptom & e condition & acts ^u 8 diagnosis or scrut9y ( symptoms4 ,9 l mann] ! decorator takes note ( e condition ( 8 "w1 & prep>es 8 pa9t accord+ly4 ,aga91 iron w\ld n be pa9t$ ) ! same mixture z wood4 ,/ill if we _c give exact proportions1 we c1 at lea/1 give "s in=mation on ! subject1 :i* w =m a guide & give "s data = ! read] to "w ^u4 ,^! we w give "u sep>ate heads4 ,,prim+ ,,= ,,iron4--,! usual plan is to use r$ lead mix$ ) l9se$ oil1 ! proportion requir$ be+ ab\t #adlbs4 ( l9se$ oil to e cwt4 ( lead4 ,! second coat %\ld be equal proportions ( r$ & :ite lead mix$ to a prop] consi/5cy ) l9se$ oil4 ,sometimes oxide ( iron pa9t is us$ in/ead ( r$ lead4 ,,pa9t+ ,,on ,,/ucco4--,! prim+ mu/ conta9 a consid]able quantity ( oil1 because ( ! absorb5t nature ( ! /ucco1 & x %\ld h a big proportion also ( turp5t9e4 ,f\r galls4 ( boil$ oil to a cwt4 ( r$ lead & ?ree qu>ts ( turp5t9e w usually answ]4 ,! second coat %\ld be an equal mixture ( r$ & :ite lead ) a small] proportion ( turp5t9e & oil4 ,,prim+ ,,= ,,deal ,,or ,,p9e 7,,inside74--,) :ite lead use ?ree-qu>t] ounces ( dri]s & ! same quantity ( r$ lead to e p\nd ( lead4 ,?9 ) ab\t ! same proportion ( turps & raw l9se$ oil4 ,,second ,,coat 7,,inside74--,use ab\t half-an-ounce ( dri]s & "o ounce ( r$ lead to e p\nd ( :ite lead4 ,,second ,,coat 7,,outside74--,use ab\t "o ounce ( pat5t dri]s to e p\nd ( :ite lead1 ) ! addition ( ab\t ! same quantity ( r$ lead4 ,,egg ,,%ell ,,gloss4--,to e p\nd ( :ite lead add qu>t] ( an ounce ( copal v>ni% & ! same quantity ( gold size ) half ! quantity ( boil$ oil4 ,^! w s]ve ! purpose ( b9d+ ! mat]ials toge!r & caus+ !m to dry4 ,! ?9n]s %\ld consi/ ( turp5t9e us$ 9 ! proportion ( ab\t ?ree-qu>t]s ( a p9t to e #g lbs4 ( :ite lead4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,col\rs ,,or ,,/a9]s4--,we h ?us f> omitt$ to take into consid]ation ! col\rs--or /a9]s1 z mo/ pa9t]s call !m--t h to be us$ 9 ! mixtures giv5 9 ! la/ *apt]1 except+1 ( c\rse1 :5 a :ite pa9t is requir$4 ,z a rule1 "o or sev]al col\rs are add$ to ! base produc+ a t9t1 %ade1 or hue1 z may be requir$4 ,sometimes1 b n (t51 col\rs are employ$ z 8body col\rs10 t is1 !y are employ$ j z !y are pur*as$1 gr\nd 9 oil1 except+ t !y are ?9n$ d[n ) ! requisite quantity ( oil & turp5t9e4 ,we may n[ give consid]ation to actual col\r mixture1 b mu/ fir/ make "o or two po9ts cle>1 s t ! li/s :i* foll[ may be prop]ly und]/ood4 ,fir/1 !n1 x %\ld be said t col\rs v>y 9 appe>ance accord+ to ! light 9 :i* !y are view$4 ,= example1 a col\r1 :5 look$ at 9 ! light ( a sunny day 9 ! op51 has a v diff]5t appe>ance to t :5 view$ 9 a d>k room4 ,?is w be expla9$ at great] l5g? fur!r on4 ,! mixtures "h giv5 ref] only to oil col\rs1 & x mu/ be cle>ly und]/ood t ! same results w n be obta9$ ) arti/s' wat] col\rs4 ,9 ! case ( ! latt]1 t9ts are obta9$ by ! addition ( wat] j z !y are produc$ 9 oil col\rs by ! addition ( :ite lead or o!r :ite pigm5t4 ,9 exam9+ ! li/s :i* foll[ ! read] may ask :y we d n give ! actual proportions ( ! diff]5t p>ts4 ,! answ] is t ?is is impossible = two reasons1 ! fir/ be+ t col\rs v>y s l>gely 9 quality t ! proportions w\ld be useless unless "s p>ticul> make ( col\rs 0 tak5 z a /&>d1 :ile ! second is t ! names ( ! same col\r v>y also l>gely4 ,let u consid] ?is po9t at once4 ,,! ,,nom5clature ,,( ,,col\rs4--,if half a doz5 practical pa9t]s1 exp]i5c$ 9 col\r mix+1 7 ask$ sep>ately to mix a giv5 col\r1 say a sea gre51 x is almo/ c]ta9 t :5 ! six col\rs 7 comp>$ !re w\ld n be two alike4 ,ea* ( ! six pa9t]s might h _h precisely ! same make ( col\rs to "w ) & yet ! 8sea gre50 w\ld 9 ea* case be diff]5t4 ,! explanation1 ( c\rse1 is t op9ions diff] z to :at is a 8sea gre540 ,9 giv+ ! samples ( col\r :i* are conta9$ 9 ?is "w ! au?or 01 "u ! circum/ances1 some:at puzzl$ to "k exactly ! "r names to give ea*4 ,8 idea z to :at 0 a bronze gre51 = example1 might diff] mat]ially f ! op9ion ( o!rs1 inde$1 z x has already be5 expla9$1 no two practical m5 w\ld probably be f\nd to agree z to ! exact col\r ( two or ?ree doz5 diff]5tly nam$ col\rs4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 he hit ^u ! plan ( foll[+ :at appe>$ to be ! g5]al rule 9 ! trade4 ,) ?is object he obta9$ ! col\r c>ds issu$ by all ! lead+ pa9t manufactur+ firms 9 ! c\ntry1 z well z "s f abroad4 ,he !n took out ! col\rs :i* he ?\ght w\ld be mo/ useful to 8 read]s1 & !n v c>efully1 & ) a consid]able am\nt ( lab\r1 comp>$ ea* col\r ) simil> col\rs 9 ! diff]5t col\r c>ds1 tak+ note ( ! diff]5t names :i* diff]5t manufactur]s call$ !m4 ,! result 0 v surpris+1 because x 0 f\nd t 9 _m cases !re 7 z _m names z !re 7 manufactur]s' c>ds repres5t$4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! same "n 0 us$ by sev]al manufactur]s1 t "n 0 select$ = ! purpose ( ?is "w4 ,! read] may1 !re=e1 take x t ! names employ$ "h are ^? :i* are mo/ g5]al 9 ! trade4 ,z an in/ance ( ! v>iation 9 ^! names we may cite a few examples4 ,bronze gre5 0 call$ by diff]5t manufactur]s' d>k gre51 olive gre51 & sage gre54 ,9 ?is case bronze gre5 occurr$ m frequ5tly ?an any o!r "n4 ,tea gre5 0 call$ also olive gre5 & ,que5 ,anne gre54 ,apple gre5 0 call$ v light sea gre5 & ,eau de ,nil gre54 ,sage gre5 0 call$ also olive & pale ,quak] gre54 ,v5etian gre5 0 call$ also ,imp]ial ,fr5* gre51 light gre51 %amrock gre51 bright gre51 m\nta9 gre51 middle gre51 & eng9e gre54 ,light *ocolate 0 call$ d>k m>oon1 r$ lake1 metallic br[n1 & 9 "o case ! sample giv5 ( burnt si5na 0 almo/ id5tical4 ,olive gre5 0 call$ also sage gre51 deep olive gre51 & ,quak] gre54 ,d>k gre5 0 call$ also m$ium gre51 ,brunswick gre51 middle gre51 & deep coa* gre54 ,moss gre5 "s manufactur]s evid5tly ?\ght 0 ! same ?+ z bronze gre54 ,pea gre5 0 call$ also sea gre5 & eau de ,nil4 ,ivy gre5 0 call$ bronze gre51 sage gre51 ,quak] gre51 olive gre54 ,slate 0 call$ also ,quak] blue & d>k lead4 ,pe>l gray 0 call$ also light gray4 ,lilac 0 call$ also ,fr5* gray4 ,w>m gray 0 call$ also deep /one1 ,fr5* gray1 & light /one4 ,silv] gray 0 call$ also lav5d]4 ,/eel gray 0 call$ ,fr5* gray 9 sev]al in/ances1 b we pref] to use ! o!r t]m1 z x appe>s to be ne>] to :at is usually kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry z a ,fr5* gray1 t is "o :i* has a t\* ( r$ & blue 9 x4 ,ano!r in/ance ( ! v>iation 9 ! names ( ^! col\rs is %[n by light /one1 :i* "o w\ld ?9k 0 suffici5tly well kn[n to remove any d\bt ab\t x1 b ?is 0 call$ smoke gray1 ,fr5* gray1 & dove4 ,middle /one 0 call$ also light drab4 ,d>k oak 0 call$ also d>k drab & yell[ bronze gre54 ,light drab 0 call$ also middle drab & doe col\r4 ,s&/one 0 call$ also d>k /one4 ,dove col\r 0 call$ also deep /one4 ,/one col\r 0 call$ also ecru & light /one4 ,colonial yell[ 0 call$ also /raw1 light /one1 & deep ,naples yell[4 ,buff 9 "o case 0 call$ yell[ o*re4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,m$ium ,,oak ,,deep ,,cream ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,light ,,oak ,,& ,,bir* ,,rose ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,d>k ,,oak ,,signal ,,r$ ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,poll>d ,,oak ,,d>k ,,sage ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,pit* ,,p9e ,,sap ,,gre5 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,rosewood ,,& ,,mahogany ,,light ,,blue ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,light ,,mahogany ,,amb] ,,br[n ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,walnut ,,sky ,,blue ,,gra9+ ,,gr\nds ,cream 0 call$ ,manilla1 light /one & deep deck4 ,primrose yell[ 0 call$ also mu/>d yell[1 can>y & /raw col\r4 ,/raw 0 call$ also ,naples yell[ & deep ,naples yell[4 ,deep cream 0 call$ also cream & lemon4 ,fawn br[n 0 call$ light drab & light lava4 ,smoke col\r 0 call$ ru/ic drab & drab4 ,deep drab 0 call$ also d>k /one1 light drab1 d>k drab & fawn2 "o sample ( raw ,turkey umb] 0 almo/ id5tical4 ,d>k drab 0 giv5 also z d>k lava & middle drab4 ,d>k oak 0 call$ also copp] br[n1 light oak1 & ,imp]ial br[n1 :il/ 9 "o case a sample ( d>k o*re 0 almo/ id5tical4 ,snuff br[n 0 call$ also light br[n1 sepia1 d>k o*re1 umb] br[n & ,arabian br[n4 ,si5na br[n 0 call$ also teak br[n1 c(fee br[n1 deep ,indian r$ & t]ra cotta4 ,amb] br[n 0 call$ also bison br[n1 sepia1 & d>k oak4 ,autumn leaf 0 call$ also lea!r lake1 ma/ col\r1 middle oak1 old gold1 & light fawn4 ,signal r$ 0 call$ also v]milion1 g]anium r$ & poppy r$4 ,moss gray 0 call$ also silv] gray4 ,acorn br[n 0 call$ also umb]1 d>k oak1 d>k br[n1 light br[n1 d>k ,indian br[n1 *e/nut br[n1 middle *ocolate & ,portl& br[n4 ,) ! above in/ances be=e him ! read] w n1 we ?9k1 take any exception to ! names we h *os5 = our sample col\r4 ,! same is true conc]n+ ! in/ructions = col\r admixture4 ,if a read] makes a mixture accord+ to ^? in/ructions & f9ds ! result disappo9t+1 ! reason w probably be t 8 conception ( ! p>ticul> col\r diff]s f t ( ! au?or4 ,& x %\ld be m5tion$ aga91 "h1 t e "o ( ! mixtures h be5 made 9 oil col\rs1 *eck$ & *eck$ aga94 ,= _m ye>s pa/ ef=ts h be5 made by sci5ti/s & o!rs to =mulate a p]man5t nom5clature = col\rs1 t9ts1 %ades1 & hues1 b x _c be said t s f> any success has be5 met )4 ,%\ld ! ef=ts made prove ultimately successful1 !re is no d\bt x w\ld be a great boon to decorators1 pa9t]s1 & o!rs2 = example1 if a decorator want$ to ord] f 8 manufactur] a c]ta9 t9t ( col\r1 all he w\ld h to d w\ld be to s5d 9 ! "n4 ,,prang1 ( ,bo/on1 9 8 "w1 8,! ,/&>d ( ,col\r10 endeav\r$ to sy/ematise ! subject1 & he did ?is 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,he produc$ %eets ( col\r divid$ up into sev]al ?\s& squ>es4 ,on ! fir/ %eet at ! top 0 ! spectrum ( pure col\rs divid$ up1 & b5ea? ?is simil> squ>es ) simil> col\rs1 to :i* _h be5 add$ a small portion ( :ite4 ,! l9e bel[ ?is 0 ! same aga9 ) m :ite add$1 & s on till ! bottom ( ! %eet 0 rea*$1 :5 ! col\rs 7 greatly r$uc$ by ! :ile1 ! t9ts be+ naturally v light ones4 ,! second %eet 0 exactly ! same z ! fir/1 b a small portion ( black _h be5 add$ to all ( ! col\rs & t9ts4 ,! ?ird %eet 0 ! same ?+ aga91 ) m black add$1 & ! f\r? %eet m black /ill1 & s on to ! end ( ! "w4 ,! col\rs 7 di/+ui%$ ) lett]s1 & ! l9es indicat$ ! am\nt ( :ite add$ by numb]s4 ,to anyone :o possess$ a copy ( ! "w x w\ld be a comp>atively easy matt] to ord] any col\r f ! book by numb] & lett]1 b ! read] w readily p]ceive t ?is "w falls %ort ( ! requirem5ts ( practical decorators1 inasmu* z x does n provide = ! admixture ( diff]5t col\rs1 b only ^? :i* are 9 ! spectrum4 ,x is true en\gh t all col\rs are z a matt] ( fact includ$ 9 ! spectrum1 b x is n s easy a matt] to sep>ate !m = practical purposes4 ,,! ,,economy ,,( ,,us+ ,,good ,,col\rs4--,x may be tak5 z a safe rule = ! pa9t] to foll[ t :]e a good job is requir$ ! be/ mat]ials only %\ld be employ$1 b ! read] may answ] to ?is t ! price paid to him = 8 "w w frequ5tly n p]mit ( 8 do+ ?is4 ,we may !n leave ! subject an op5 "o :i* has really no place 9 ^! pages1 except 9 s f> z x relates to t9t+ col\rs1 & "h we c def9itely & positively ass]t t x pays ! pa9t] be/ to use ! be/ qualities ( col\r1 q irrespective ( :e!r he gets a high price or a l[ price = 8 "w4 ,we mu/ n[ proce$ to expla9 ?is4 ,let ! read] assume t a l>ge surface is to be pa9t$ a v light ,prussian blue4 ,! price = ! "w is fix$ & ! "q to be det]m9$ is :e!r x w pay to use *eap ,prussian blue or "o ( high quality4 ,assume t a high quality blue co/s #bs4 p] p\nd1 & t j "o p\nd ( x is suffici5t to t9t ! :ole :ite to ! requir$ %ade4 ,we are purposely giv+ a simple case s z to make ! matt] cle>4 ,n[ a ,prussian blue c be b\ght =1 say1 #as4 #c;d4 a p\nd1 b x w\ld probably consi/ ( at lea/ "o half ( b>ytes or "s o!r adult]ant1 :i* is ( no value :atev] z a t9t]4 ,if ?is col\r is half /r5g? x is obvi\s t two p\nds ( x w\ld be requir$ to t9t ! :ite = ! "w 9 h&1 & ?is w\ld co/ #bs4 #f;d41 aga9/ #bs4 = ! bett] class col\r4 ,?is homely example %\ld be tak5 to he>t by e pa9t]4 ,he has only to exp]im5t to f9d out t x nev] pays to use inf]ior t9t+ col\rs4 ,( c\rse !re is ano!r reason :y ! be/ quality %\ld be us$1 & t is1 ! appe>ance ( ! inf]ior col\rs is always muddy & unsatisfactory4 ,,hue1 ,,t9t ,,& ,,%ade4--,!re is a good deal ( confusion among "s pa9t]s z to ! mean+ ( ! ^w 8hue10 8t9t10 & 8%ade10 al?\gh !re is no reason :y any confusion %\ld exi/4 ,! ^w 8hue0 is employ$ to mean practically ! same ?+ z a 8col\r40 ,x may consi/ ( any mixture ( o!r col\rs1 or may be a pure col\r itself4 ,n[ :5 :ite is add$ to any hue or col\r a t9t ( t col\r is produc$4 ,if black is add$ a %ade ( t col\r is produc$4 ,9 ! decoration ( our rooms we %all see t z an actual fact we obta9 %ades ( ! col\r by ! omission ( light1 because ! addition ( black z a pigm5t to a col\r acts 9 ! same way z %utt+ (f light4 ,9 mix+ col\rs x is important to rememb] t black %\ld n be us$ to l[] ! tone ( a col\r except+ 9 r>e in/ances4 ,x only has ! effect ( produc+ a muddy appe>ance4 ,a yell[ t is too bright c be r$uc$1 or made less />+1 a pa9t] might say1 by add+ a little blue & r$4 ,if a blue is too bright a little r$ & yell[ %\ld be add$2 or if a r$ is too bright x may be ton$ d[n by ! addition ( a v little blue & yell[4 ,?is is a mo/ useful rule to obs]ve1 & z long z ! quantity ( ! col\rs add$ is n too great ! results w please4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,:ites4 ,x may be obs]v$ t 9 ! col\r mixtures :i* foll[ 9 no case has any :ite o!r ?an :ite lead & z9c :ite be5 us$4 ,9 actual practice _m manufactur]s add b>ytes or "s o!r *eap :ite to bo? col\rs & pa9ts 9 ord] to less5 ! co/4 ,x is n ?\ght necess>y1 h[ev]1 to add ^! mat]ials 9 ! recipes1 x be+ und]/ood t _! use c be proce$$ ) if necess>y4 ,we give a few mixtures = :ites :i* w probably be f\nd useful4 ,!re are no p>ticul> names appli$ to ! foll[+ mixtures4 ,"o "p ( b>ytes to six p>ts ( :ite lead gr\nd 9 oil makes a good :ite = outside use4 ,a p]man5t :ite :i* is n affect$ by gases1 sulphurett$ hydrog51 etc41 is made by mix+ two p>ts ( oxide ( z9c ) "o "p ( b>ytes4 ,a w>m :ite is made by mix+ a small quantity ( oxide ( o*re1 say "o "p to "o hundr$ ( :ite lead4 ,sometimes a little ivory black1 say "o "p to ?ree hundr$1 is add$ to ! :ite4 ,:ite lead be+ sometimes a little 8(f0 9 col\r1 t is a little yell[ 9 its ca/1 "s blue is add$ to c\nt]act ?is imp]fection4 ,mo/ ( ! corrod]s1 h[ev]1 exclude all ! lead :i* is ( a yell[ ca/ & sell x to glass manufactur]s1 = ^: purpose x is j z good z pure :ite4 ,a v little ultram>9e gre5 add$ to :ite lead makes a :ite sometimes call$ ,japan :ite4 ,equal p>ts ( :ite lead & oxide ( z9c are frequ5tly us$ z a :ite pa9t1 al?\gh two p>ts ( lead to "o ( z9c gives a bett] mixture4 ,"s pa9t]s are "u ! impression t inasmu* z lead & z9c are bo? d]iv$ f metals !y w n mix toge!r to =m a good pa9t1 !re be+ some?+ ( ! nature ( a galvanic action set up betwe5 ! two metals4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is an error1 = al?\gh lead & z9c _c prop]ly be mix$ toge!r by h& yet if !y are gr\nd by ! ord9>y pa9t manufactur]s' ma*9]y ! result is a mo/ durable pa9t :i* w la/ _m ye>s2 inde$1 ! writ] has f\nd ?is pa9t1 ) prop] ?9n]s1 "o ( ! be/ possible mixtures :i* c be us$ to resi/ ! de/ructive action set up by alt]nate wet & dry days4 ,:ite lead is1 ( c\rse1 ! /aple :ite & ! mo/ important ( all pa9t]s' mat]ials4 ,v>i\s new processes 9 :ite lead are 9 m or less successful op]ation4 ,! old ,dut* process1 h[ev]1 mu/ be said to give ! greate/ satisfaction1 g5]ally speak+4 ,,comm]cial ,,:ite4--,sev5te5 p>ts ( :ite lead1 ?ree p>ts ( b>ytes4 ,?is is int5d$ to be mix$ 9 oil1 n wat]4 ,,p]man5t ,,:ite4--,! be/ quality b>ytes or blanc fixe makes a p]man5t :ite :5 gr\nd 9 wat]4 ,9 oil x lacks body4 ,= _m purposes a :ite :i* w la/ a consid]able l5g? ( "t is made by mix+ two p>ts ( z9c :ite ) "o "p ( b>ytes4 ,,v>i\s ,,:ites ,,comp>$4--,space w n p]mit ( ! advantages & disadvantages ( ! v>i\s :ites be+ treat$ "h at l5g?1 b ! read] c obta9 reliable in=mation on ! subject f ! books ( ,,hur/1 ,,pe>ce & o!rs1 z giv5 else:]e 9 ?is book4 ,briefly1 :ite lead is valuable because x possesses bett] 8body0--i4e41 ! prop]ty ( cov]+ or hid+ ! surface to :i* x is appli$--?an any o!r pigm5t4 ,its poison\s "* is aga9/ x1 z is also ! fact t x is affect$ by c]ta9 gases4 ,z9c is an excell5t pigm5t2 x is :it] ?an :ite lead1 b is some:at defici5t 9 body4 ,li?opone & ,*>lton :ite are bo? excell5t sub/itutes = lead1 & are non-poison\s4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,grays ,,& ,,greys4 ,al?\gh ! diction>ies usually d n di/+ui% betwe5 ! spell+ ( 8grey0 & 8gray10 & al?\gh _m decorators use ! two words indiscrim9ately1 !re is a di/9ct diff]5ce :i* x is bo? conv5i5t & advisable to recognise4 ,a 8grey0 is an admixture ( black & :ite1 & may v>y f ! smalle/ quantity ( black add$ to :ite to ! o!r extreme1 :]e !re is almo/ z mu* black z :ite4 ,any?+ betwe5 ! two w\ld be t]m$ a 8grey40 ,examples ( ?is are f\nd 9 ! li/ :i* foll[s "u ! heads m5tion$ bel[3 ,d>k lead1 d>k slate1 lead1 etc4 ,:5 a col\r is add$ to ! black & :ite ! admixture is call$ a 8gray10 provid$1 ( c\rse1 t ! black & :ite pr$om9ate1 = example1 a ,fr5* gray is made by t9t+ :ite ) a little ivory or drop black & add+ a little c>m9e or crimson lake or ultram>9e4 ,:at may be produc$ 9 o!r ways is not$ bel[4 ,x w be se5 t ! addition ( ! lake 9 ultram>9e gives x a peculi> w>m? :i* di/+ui%es ,fr5* gray1 & *anges ! spell+ f 8grey0 to 8gray40 ,gray drabs are ^? 9 :i* a grey is col\r$ up to produce a yell[i% t+e4 ,black be+ usually a /rong t9t+ col\r1 c>e mu/ be tak5 t x is us$ 9 mod]ation1 & "h ! importance ( add+ a small quantity at ! "t1 z already obs]v$1 w impress itself on ! op]ator4 ,aft] ! %ade desir$ has be5 obta9$ ! col\r %\ld be add$ until ! desir$ w>m? is arriv$ at4 ,,arg5t4--,a r$di% gray t9t1 :i* c be produc$ by mix+ toge!r n9e p>ts ( black1 sixte5 ( :ite1 "o ( r$ & j a little orange4 ,,a% ,,gray4--,lamp black & a little ,fr5* o*re add$ to :ite lead give ?is col\r4 ,ano!r mixture is z foll[s3 two p>ts ( burnt si5na1 ?ree p>ts ( light ultram>9e blue1 sixty p>ts ( z9c :ite4 ,,black ,,slate4--,mix toge!r black & ,prussian blue 9 ! proportion ( ab\t ?irte5 p>ts ( ! =m] to "o ( ! latt] & add a little :ite4 ,,d>k ,,gray4--,!re is no exact po9t :]e ?is col\r is produc$ by an admixture ( black & :ite & a little orange or r$4 ,mix eight p>ts ( black1 "o ( :ite & a t\* ( r$ to produce ?is %ade4 ,,d>k ,,lead4--,?is is a d>k grey1 be+ produc$ simply by add+ lamp black to :ite lead4 ,,d>k ,,slate4--,?is is simply m9]al or o!r black add$ to :ite4 ,! admixture "u 8,black ,slate0 w\ld answ]4 ,,deep ,,lead4--,black1 a little bright blue1 & ,indian r$ mix$ ) :ite lead produces ?is col\r4 ,,fr5* ,,gray4--,?is c be made by t9t+ :ite ) a little ivory or drop black & add+ a little c>m9e or crimson lake & ultram>9e4 ,?is produces a v slight violet t+e4 ,:ite t9t$ ) a little ultram>9e & ,v5etian r$ also gives a good ,fr5* gray4 ,cele/ial blue or cobalt may be us$ in/ead ( ! ultram>9e if desir$4 ,,granite4--,fr5* o*re & lamp black add$ to :ite lead produce ?is col\r4 ,,gray/one4--,mix five p>ts ( black ) ?ree ( :ite & ?ree ( blue & add a little r$4 ,,gray ,,drab4--,mix five p>ts ( black ) f\r ( :ite & a little deep *rome yell[4 ,,gre5 ,,slate4--,same z lead1 b ) m black & blue4 ,,iron ,,gray4--,mix eight p>ts ( black ) two ( :ite & a little orange4 ,,jasp]4--,?is may be describ$ z 8a pepp] & salt %ade40 ,mix n9e p>ts ( black ) two ( :ite1 ) a t\* ( deep *rome4 ,,lead4--,?is is simply a d>k gray1 & is made by add+ lamp black to :ite lead ) suffici5t blue4 ,,light ,,grey4--,mix toge!r "o "p ( ultram>9e blue1 "o "p ( lamp black1 t5 p>ts ( :ite lead4 ,by add+ m or less :ite lead a d>k] or a light] %ade may be obta9$ if requir$4 ,ano!r %ade is obta9$ by mix+ sev5 p>ts ( black1 f\r & "o-eigh? p>ts ( :ite1 & eight p>ts ( blue4 ,,ma/ic4--,?is is a d>k gray %ade4 ,to produce x mix twelve p>ts ( black ) "o ( :ite1 r less ?an "o ( yell[ & j a t\* ( orange4 ,,moss ,,gray4--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re1 a bright gre5 & a little lamp black4 ,,m\se ,,col\r4--,elev5 p>ts burnt umb]1 to :i* has be5 add$ "o "p ( ,prussian blue1 mix$ ) ab\t tw5ty times ! bulk ( :ite lead1 w give ?is t9t4 ,ano!r %ade may be _h by mix+ sixte5 p>ts ( :ite1 ?ree ( black & "o ( blue4 ,"s pa9t]s t9t :ite ) lamp black & add a v little ,v5etian r$ & burnt umb]4 ,,neutral ,,t9t4--,an arti/'s col\r is sold "u ?is "n4 ,,olive ,,gray4--,?ree p>ts ( lamp black1 "o "p *rome gre51 ) ab\t =ty times ! quantity ( :ite lead1 w give ?is col\r4 ,,opal ,,gray4--,"o "p ( burnt si5na1 two p>ts ( cobalt blue1 & ?irty p>ts ( z9c :ite4 ,,payne',s ,,gray4--,is an arti/'s col\r1 :i* may be describ$ z a gray hav+ a lilac t+e4 ,,pe>l4--,?is is ! same z ,fr5* grey1 b is mu* light]4 ,,pe>l ,,gray4--,=ty p>ts :ite lead1 five p>ts ( v]milion & "o "p ( deep *rome gre54 ,"s decorators t9t :ite lead ) lamp black & call t pe>l gray4 ,/rictly speak+1 h[ev]1 x %\ld be call$ pe>l grey1 !re be+ no col\r pres5t4 ,six p>ts ( :ite lead1 two p>ts ( ,v5etian r$1 & "o "p ( lamp black gives a some:at d>k pe>l gray1 b a light] t9t may easily be obta9$ by add+ m lead4 ,ivory black answ]s equally z well z lamp black4 ,,quak] ,,drab4--,?is gre5i% gray %ade is produc$ by mix+ two p>ts ea* ( yell[ & gre5 & five p>ts ( :ite4 ,,ru/ic ,,drab4--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re & lamp black4 ,,silv] ,,gray4--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re & lamp black1 or yell[ may be employ$ in/ead ( ! o*re if pref]r$4 ,:ite lead t9t$ ) a little lamp black & indigo gives an excell5t silv] gray4 ,,slate4--,see 8,d>k ,slate40 ,,smoke ,,gray4--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re & lamp black4 ,,/eel ,,gray4--,t9t :ite lead ) a mixture ( lemon *rome & m$ium *rome & lamp black4 ,,/one ,,gray4--,add black & *rome to :ite lead4 ,,v]dant ,,grey4--,two p>ts ( oxide z9c & "o "p ( t]ra v]te4 ,,w>m ,,gray4--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re & lamp black or si5na & lamp black4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,r$s4 ,! r$s v>y f some?+ j remov$ f br[n up to ! bright crimson & madd]s4 ,a r$ t is too bright may be l[]$ by an admixture ( blue & yell[4 ,exce$+ly bright & pleas+ t9ts ( r$ may be obta9$ by us+ v]milionettes1 b z a rule ^! are n p]man5t4 ,= inside use1 h[ev]1 !y may be employ$1 especially :5 !y are protect$ by a coat ( v>ni%4 ,,acacia4--,?is may be describ$ z a d>k m>oon4 ,x is made by mix+ five p>ts ( black1 ?ree ( ,indian r$ & "o ( ,prussian blue4 ,less ( ! black w give a m pleas+ %ade4 ,,am>an?9e4--,?is is a crimson :i* c be made by mix+ ?ree p>ts ( v]milionette ) "o ( ,prussian blue4 ,,anemone4--,?is is a r$di% purple1 & may be made by mix+ two p>ts ( black1 "o ( :ite1 six ( a bright r$1 & six ( ,prussian blue4 ,,apricot4--,mix middle *rome yell[ ) a little v]milion & add a v little lake4 ,,arm5ian ,,r$4--,mix "o "p ( yell[ o*re ) two p>ts ( ,v5etian r$4 ,,aurore4--,a dull p9k %ade1 :i* c be produc$ z foll[s3 ,mix toge!r "o "p ( ,indian r$1 two ( orange *rome1 a little lemon *rome1 & two ( blue1 light5+ up ) :ite4 ,,bay4--,mix toge!r five p>ts ( black1 ?ree ( ,v5etian r$1 & a little orange *rome4 ,,begonia4--,a d>k r$ purple1 :i* may be obta9$ by mix+ sixte5 p>ts ( lamp black1 five ( bright r$1 & f\r ( blue4 ,,black ,,m>oon4--,take eight p>ts ( black & mix !m ) "o ( a bright r$ & a little blue4 ,,blood ,,r$4--,any bright r$ ton$ d[n ) a little black w produce a %ade sometimes call$ by ?is "n4 ,,bordeaux ,,r$4--,take n9e p>ts ( black & ) x two p>ts ( orange *rome & "o ( ,prussian blue4 ,,brick4--,use two p>ts ( ,fr5* o*re to "o "p ( ,v5etian r$ & "o "p ( :ite lead1 add+ m o*re if requir$ to light5 ! col\r4 ,?is gives a good t9t1 sometimes call$ 8brick r$10 & is suitable = outside "w4 ,,bright ,,sc>let4--,mix tw5ty p>ts ( v]milion1 sev5 p>ts ( pale *rome1 & "o "p ( gold5 o*re4 ,a v]milionette slightly ton$ d[n ) yell[ answ]s ! same purpose4 ,,bronze ,,r$4--,?is is a r$ ton$ d[n ) ab\t a f\r? "p ( black1 a little bright yell[ or orange be+ add$4 ,,cambridge ,,r$4--,v]milion1 to :i* is add$ ab\t "o tw5tie? "p ( ,prussian blue1 gives a col\r sometimes call$ 8,cambridge r$40 ,,c>m9e4--,?is is an arti/'s col\r4 ,its ri* r$ t9t c h>dly be imitat$4 ,a light v]milionette ( good grade1 to :i* is add$ a little bright yell[1 may be us$4 ,,c>mois94--,?is is a speciality ( ,messrs4 ,,m&] ,,bros4 ,x is a ri* & beautiful col\r ( v]milionette "*1 & :5 us$ = f9i%+ coats %\ld be protect$ ) v>ni%4 ,x is n suitable = di/emp]4 ,,c>m9ette4--,?is is a col\r manufactur$ "u ?is "n :i* is regi/]$ by ,messrs4 ,,m&] ,,bros4 ,x is a bright /rong r$1 :i* is useful :5 protect$ ) two coats ( v>ni%4 ,x is ( no use1 h[ev]1 = t9t+ purposes4 ,,c>nation ,,r$4--,?ree p>ts ( c>m9e lake & "o "p ( :ite lead give a c>nation col\r1 b a bett] result is obta9$ by tak+ pure v]milion z a base & add+ c>m9e & z9c :ite until ! desir$ ri* col\r is obta9$4 ,?is col\r is n suitable = use outside4 ,,*]ry ,,r$4--,mix toge!r crimson lake1 burnt si5na & azure blue1 or two p>ts ( v]milion & "o "p ( c>m9e4 ,,cl>et4--,mix two p>ts ( c>m9e ) "o ( ultram>9e blue4 ,a little v]milion may be add$ if desir$1 & ?is may r5d] a little yell[ necess>y to tone d[n ! col\r4 ,a less ri* col\r may be made by mix+ ,v5etian r$ & yell[ o*re4 ,,coral ,,p9k4--,?is col\r is useful only on inside "w4 ,x is made by mix+ five p>ts ( v]milion1 two p>ts ( :ite lead & "o "p ( *rome yell[4 ,ano!r recipe = produc+ %ades ( coral p9k is3 "o "p ( :ite1 ?ree ( r$1 five ( orange1 & ?ree ( blue4 ,,dregs ,,( ,,w9e4--,?is %ade is produc$ by mix+ ,v5etian r$ ) a little lamp black & :ite lead4 ,,egyptian4--,a dull yell[i% crimson made by us+ five p>ts ( black1 "o & half ( :ite1 two ( orange1 & "o ( blue1 & a v little r$4 ,,firefly4--,a dull orange r$ produc$ by mix+ two p>ts ( black1 ?ree ( r$1 "o ( orange1 & a little yell[4 ,,fle% ,,col\r4--,"o hundr$ & tw5ty p>ts :ite lead1 two p>ts yell[ o*re1 & "o "p ,v5etian r$ w produce an excell5t fle%-col\r4 ,or mix eight p>ts ( :ite lead1 two p>ts ( orange *rome yell[1 & "o "p ( light ,v5etian r$4 ,an increas$ proportion ( r$ may be employ$ :]e desir$4 ,a mixture ( orange & :ite 9 ! proportion ( "o "p ( ! =m] to ?ree p>ts ( ! latt] may also be us$1 or a mixture ( m$ium *rome yell[1 o*re1 & ,v5etian r$ add$ to :ite4 ,,fr5* ,,r$4--,use equal p>ts ( ,indian r$ & v]milion1 & glaze ) c>m9e4 ,,gazelle4--,to obta9 ?is mix ,v5etian r$1 lamp black & ,indian r$1 & add suffici5t :ite lead to produce ! desir$ %ade4 ,,g]anium4--,to produce ?is col\r use n9e p>ts ( bright r$ & "o ( blue4 ,or ,indian r$ may be us$1 aft]w>ds glaz+ ) madd] lake = good "w4 ,mo/ ( ! l>g] col\r manufactur]s make g]anium r$1 :i* is bett] ?an "o c obta9 by mix+4 ,,indian ,,p9k4--,t9t :ite lead ) a little ,indian r$4 ,,indian ,,r$4--,?is is a good p]man5t pigm5t to be b\ght ready made1 & is mo/ useful 9 mix+ ) o!r col\rs4 ,,light ,,p9k4--,t9t :ite lead ) a little pure v]milion4 ,,light ,,salmon4--,t9t :ite lead ) raw ,italian si5na1 burnt ,italian si5na1 & burnt ,turkey umb]4 ,or t9t :ite ) any bright r$1 ton+ d[n ) si5na4 ,,lilac4--,a great deal ( diff]5ce ( op9ion exi/s z to ?is t9t4 ,"o "p ( ultram>9e to "o "p ( bright c>m9e1 add$ to eighty p>ts :ite lead1 give a v good lilac4 ,a *eap] way is to use ,indian r$ & lamp black z a t9t+ col\r1 or rose p9k may be add$ to ! lead only4 ,yet ano!r me?od = produc+ a lilac is to mix ?ree p>ts ( bright ,indian r$1 ?ree p>ts ( :ite lead1 & "o "p ( ultram>9e blue1 b less :ite lead is pref]r$ by "s pa9t]s4 ,a t\* ( yell[ w help ?is col\r if too raw = ! purpose4 ,,madd] ,,lake4--,?is is pr9cipally us$ by arti/s1 b x is useful to ! h\se decorator = glaz+ ! be/ "w :]e a bright r$ is requir$4 ,,mag5ta4--,c>m9e & v]milion1 ) a little ultram>9e blue1 produce ?is col\r4 ,,m>oon4--,?is col\r is obta9$ by mix+ c>m9e & blue black1 & add+ a small quantity ( m$ium *rome yell[4 ,x may also be made by mix+ "o "p ( ultram>9e blue ) ?ree p>ts ( ,tuscan r$4 ,?is gives a t9t t is (t5 consid]$ a little too r$1 b ?is defect may easily be rem$i$ by add+ m blue4 ,"s pa9t]s add ivory black & a little *rome yell[ to c>m9e4 ,,mexican ,,r$4--,mix "o "p ( r$ lead ) f\r p>ts ( ,v5etian r$4 ,,mikado4--,?ree p>ts ( blue & sev5 ( r$1 mix$ ) a little :ite1 give ?is purpli% r$ %ade4 ,,moori% ,,r$4--,mix toge!r ?ree p>ts ( v]milion & "o "p ( rose p9k4 ,,mulb]ry4--,?is is a v d>k purple obta9$ by add+ a little blue & j a t+e ( r$ to black4 ,,old ,,rose4--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re1 ,indian r$1 & lamp black1 or ,v5etian r$ & lamp black may be us$ if desir$4 ,,opaque ,,p9k4--,t9t :ite lead ) r$ lead4 ,,op]a ,,p9k4--,t9t :ite lead ) a mixture ( five p>ts ( v]milion & "o "p ( m$ium *rome gre54 ,,ori5tal ,,r$4--,mix "o "p ( r$ lead ) two p>ts ( ,indian r$4 ,,orange ,,sc>let4--,?is col\r may be obta9$ by add+ two p>ts ( orange lead to "o "p ( :ite lead4 ,,orange ,,v]milion4--,orange lead comes ne>e/ to ?is col\r4 ,! tone may be made by add+ *rome to v]milion4 ,,pea* ,,bloom4--,?is is a mixture ( :ite lead & ,v5etian r$4 ,or x may be produc$ by add+ suffici5t ,indian r$ to :ite lead to give a w>m t9t & mix+ x ) equal proportions ( :ite lead1 lemon *rome yell[1 ultram>9e blue & light ,indian r$4 ,or a mixture ( ?ree p>ts ( ,indian r$ ) sev5te5 p>ts ( :ite is sometimes us$4 ,,p9k4--,:ite lead t9t$ ) orange lead gives a bright p9k4 ,,plum4--,mix ) equal p>ts ( :ite lead1 ,indian r$ & ultram>9e blue 9 ! proportion ( two p>ts ( lead to "o ( ea* ( o!r col\rs4 ,?is makes a d>k plum t is only suitable = inside "w4 ,if a light t9t is desir$ add m :ite lead4 ,a v ri* plum may be obta9$ by mix+ toge!r ultram>9e blue & c>m9e1 & add+ a little :ite & a little yell[4 ,,pompeian ,,r$4--,small quantities ( r$ & orange are mix$ ) black to produce ?is %ade4 ,,poppy4 ,blue & v]milion mix$ 9 ! proportion ( "o ( ! =m] to tw5ty-f\r ( ! latt] give ?is %ade4 ,,purple4--,light ,indian r$1 f\r p>ts2 :ite lead1 ?ree p>ts2 ultram>9e blue1 two p>ts2 or a purple may be obta9$ by mix+ ,indian r$ & :ite4 ,a mixture pref]r$ by "s pa9t]s is made by mix+ ultram>9e & v]milion ) a little :ite4 ,a little crimson lake gives ri*ness to ! col\r4 ,,r$ ,,o*re4--,?is e>? col\r is *eap1 & c be readily b\ght 9 mo/ places4 ,x c be imitat$ by mix+ ,india r$ & *rome & add+ a little v]milion4 ,,r$ ,,t]ra-,,cotta4--,use equal proportions ( burnt si5na & :ite lead4 ,! tone may be v>i$ by ! addition ( ei!r ( ! umb]s & ! *romes4 ,a good bright t]ra-cotta is also made by us+ ,v5etian r$ z a base & col\r+ up ) o*re & a t\* ( lake4 ,,regal ,,purple4--,mix toge!r f\r p>ts ( :ite lead1 two p>ts ( cobalt blue & "o "p ( c>m9e lake4 ,,roan4--,mix black ) half its quantity ( r$ & add a v small proportion ( blue & :ite4 ,,rose4--,five p>ts ( :ite lead mix$ ) two p>ts ( c>m9e give a rose col\r t is suitable = inside "w only4 ,an admirable rose col\r may be obta9$ by us+ z9c :ite in/ead ( :ite lead1 z ! z9c is a mu* pur] :ite ?an ! lead1 & h5ce gives a pur] t9t4 ,,rose ,,c>nation4--,mix toge!r "o "p ( rose madd] & eight p>ts ( oxide ( z9c4 ,?is is a beautiful col\r1 b ! madd] is too exp5sive = use except by arti/s4 ,,rose ,,wood4--,to produce ?is col\r1 r$ is mix$ ) ab\t twelve times ! quantity ( black & a v little gre54 ,! %ade giv5 is a v d>k r$4 ,,royal ,,p9k4--,mix toge!r two p>ts ( z9c :ite & c>m9e lake4 ,?is w only d = inside "w4 ,,royal ,,purple4--,mix "o "p ( vegetable black1 "o & half ( ri* r$1 & sev5 ( ,prussian blue4 ,"s manufactur]s make ?is col\r ready = use4 ,,salmon4--,six p>ts ( :ite lead1 "o "p ( v]milion1 & a little lemon *rome yell[4 ,?is mixture produces a col\r some:at bright4 ,ano!r salmon col\r is made by a mixture ( raw si5na1 burnt si5na1 & burnt umb]4 ,a t9t pref]r$ by "s is produc$ by add+ to ! :ite1 ,v5etian r$1 burnt umb] & ,fr5* o*re4 ,ano!r me?od is to add v]milion & gold5 o*re to :ite1 :i* gives a nice bright col\r4 ,v5etian r$ & *rome1 add$ to :ite1 gives a dull] col\r4 ,/ill ano!r mixture is ,v5etian r$1 v]milion1 yell[ o*re & :ite4 ,,sc>let ,,lake4--,?is col\r c be pur*as$ ready made4 ,a col\r v simil> may be obta9$ 9 "o ( ! _m v]milionettes on ! m>ket4 ,x w be conv5i5t to rememb] t all v]milions are light5$ by ! use ( pale *rome in/ead ( :ite lead4 ,lead takes d[n ! brilliancy ( ! col\r1 produc+ a p9k4 ,,sc>let ,,r$4--,?is is b\ght ready made4 ,x is ! "n giv5 to ! brighte/ ( ! oxide pa9ts4 ,,%ell ,,p9k4--,?is col\r is sometimes made by add+ a little good ,indian r$ to :ite1 b "s decorators pref] to use v]milion ) a little *rome yell[ & burnt si5na4 ,,%rimp ,,p9k4--,mix ,v5etian r$1 burnt si5na & :ite lead1 & add a little v]milion4 ,,sc>let ,,madd] ,,lake4--,?is is a speciality ( ,messrs4 ,,m&] ,,bros41 a deep] %ade be+ t]m$ ,c>mois9 madd] lake4 ,bo? are p]fectly fa/ to light1 ev5 :5 us$ = t9t+ purposes1 & are admirably adapt$ = ! use ( ! decorator4 ,,signal ,,r$4--,?is is usually made by mix+ orange lead1 v]milionette & ,p>is :ite1 or orange lead by itself may be t9t$ ) v]milionette4 8,signal ,r$0 is a well kn[n speciality4 ,,t]ra-,,cotta4--,mix toge!r two p>ts ( :ite lead & "o "p ( burnt si5na4 ,see also "u 8,r$ ,t]ra-,cotta40 ,,turki% ,,cresc5t ,,r$4--,mix equal proportions ( ,indian r$1 v]milionette & rose p9k4 ,,tuscan ,,r$4--,?is c be b\ght ready made1 & may be imitat$ by mix+ t5 p>ts ( ,indian r$ ) "o "p ,engli% rose p9k4 ,indian r$ is v simil> 9 col\r b some:at d>k]4 ,,v5etian ,,p9k4--,t9t :ite lead ) a little ,v5etian r$4 ,,v5etian ,,r$4--,?is col\r is "o ( ! mo/ useful t ! h\se pa9t] has1 be+ *eap1 & hav+ good cov]+ p[] & body4 ,x is n v good = t9t+ purposes4 ,x w\ld n1 ( c\rse1 be (t5 imitat$1 b ,indian r$--a v simil> pigm5t--c\ld be t9t$ ) r$4 ,or x may be imitat$ by mix+ v]milion1 yell[ o*re1 madd] c>m9e1 & a little ,cappagh br[n1 :i* is an arti/'s col\r & is r>ely us$ by h\se pa9t]s4 ,,v]milion4--,?is bright r$ _c be imitat$ by an admixture ( ord9>y pigm5ts1 b !re are _m excell5t sub/itutes on ! m>ket1 mo/ ( !m be+ v]milionettes4 ,,w9e ,,col\r4--,add a little ivory black to a mixture ( c>m9e & v]milion4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,blues4 ,b few g5]al rem>ks are necess>y conc]n+ ! mixture ( blues4 ,indigo is us$ f> less1 ( c\rse1 ?an ,prussian blue1 :i* is ! mo/ useful blue employ$ by ! h\se pa9t]4 ,:5 burnt si5na & :ite are add$ ! brilliance is ton$ d[n4 ,,antw]p ,,blue4--,?is col\r %\ld always be b\ght ready made4 ,if necess>y to imitate x1 mix "o "p ( bright gre5 ) two p>ts ( ultram>9e2 add a v little z9c or o!r :ite1 b n lead4 ,brunswick blue is frequ5tly us$ 9 ! place ( ,antw]p blue4 ,,azure ,,blue4--,"o "p ( ultram>9e blue & =ty p>ts ( z9c :ite4 ,ano!r %ade may be obta9$ by mix+ =ty-f\r p>ts ( :ite1 tw5ty-n9e ( gre51 & tw5ty-sev5 ( blue4 ,or cele/ial blue & a little r$ on a base ( :ite w give an azure %ade4 ,,b]l9 ,,blue4--,?is is only ano!r "n = ,prussian blue4 ,,blue ,,grass ,,t9t4--,"o "p ,prussian blue1 ?ree p>ts ( em]ald gre51 sev5 p>ts ( :ite lead4 ,,brem5 ,,blue4--,?is is a col\r to be b\ght only ready made4 ,x is n n[ mu* us$1 & is n suitable = an oil col\r4 ,,bronze ,,blue4--,a d>k blue col\r1 :i* may be made by mix+ ?ree p>ts ( black ) "o ( ,prussian blue4 ,,brunswick ,,blue4--,?is is b\ght ready made1 & c be imitat$ by add+ :ite lead to ,prussian blue 9 suffici5t quantity to obta9 ! desir$ t9t4 ,,co]uleum4--,?is is an arti/'s col\r ( a light & some:at gre5i% blue tone4 ,an imitation may be made f ultram>9e & :ite1 ) a little yell[1 al?\gh ! col\r is a difficult "o to imitate successfully4 ,,cele/ial ,,blue4--,ab\t equal p>ts ( ,prussian blue1 *rome gre5 & :ite lead w give ?is col\r1 b !re %\ld be mo/ :ite1 & ! t9t %\ld be m blue ?an gre54 ,,*9ese ,,blue4--,ano!r "n = ,prussian blue1 :i* see4 ,,cobalt4--,?is col\r is "o ( ! be/ arti/s' col\rs1 & _c be successfully imitat$4 ,x is a beautiful & mo/ useful col\r1 b un=tunately x is exp5sive1 & x is1 !re=e1 only us$ 9 ! f9e/ "w4 ,,d>k ,,blue4--,obvi\sly ?is is no v def9ite col\r4 ,manufactur]s (t5 use "o "p ( :ite1 two ( *rome gre51 & sev5 ( ,prussian blue4 ,b ultram>9e1 or inde$ any blue1 may be us$1 & ?is may be fir/ light5$ ) :ite & black add$ z may be desir$4 ,,fog ,,blue4--,equal p>ts ( burnt si5na & ,prussian blue1 light5$ up ) ab\t tw5ty p>ts ( :ite lead4 ,,fr5* ,,blue4--,mix f\r p>ts ( :ite1 "o ( gre51 & f\r ( ultram>9e blue4 ,! "n is also appli$ to ! be/ quality ( artificial ultram>9e4 ,,gobel9 ,,blue4--,mix toge!r f\r p>ts ( ivory black1 two ( :ite1 "o ( *rome gre51 & ?ree ( ,prussian blue4 ,,granite 7,,blue47--,to produce ?is %ade mix two p>ts ( black ) six ( :ite & "o ( ultram>9e blue4 ,,heliotrope4--,?is col\r is obta9$ by us+ two p>ts ( z9c :ite1 ?ree ( bright r$1 & f\r ( ultram>9e blue4 ,,implem5t ,,blue4--,?is is made simply by mix+ ultram>9e ) :ite4 ,b>ytes & z9c mix$ are frequ5tly us$ = ! :ite1 z lead _c be employ$ 9 ! pres5ce ( ultram>9e4 ,,indigo4--,?is d>k blue is1 ( c\rse1 a natural vegetable pigm5t4 ,an imitation may be produc$ by us+ n9e p>ts ( black & f\r ( ,prussian blue1 b ?is w n look l ! real ?+4 ,indigo %\ld n be mix$ ) lead or lead *romates4 ,,lav5d]4--,?ree p>ts ( ultram>9e blue & "o "p ( c>m9e1 add$ to z9c z a base1 give a v good lav5d] t9t = inside "w4 ,ivory black mix$ ) a little c>m9e & ultram>9e & add$ to :ite lead may be employ$ = outside "w4 ,,light ,,blue4--,?is is simply an ultram>9e blue t9t produc$ by ! addition ( z9c4 ,or ! col\r may be obta9$ by t9t+ :ite lead ) ,prussian blue4 ,,lime ,,blue4--,?is is a col\r mu* us$ =m]ly = mix+ di/emp]1 b artificial ultram>9e has to a great ext5t supplant$ x4 ,x mu/ n be us$ 9 oil4 ,:at is n[ usually sold = lime blue is a v>iety ( ultram>9e4 ,,m>9e ,,blue4--,a v d>k blue1 :i* is obta9$ by mix+ "o "p ( ultram>9e blue ) n9e ( ivory black4 ,,mascot4--,?is is a v d>k blue %ade1 :i* is got by mix+ black & blue 9 ! proportion ( sev5 p>ts ( ! =m] to "o ( ! latt] ) a v little gre54 ,,mauve4--,f\r p>ts ( cobalt blue1 twelve p>ts ( oxide ( z9c1 & "o "p ( c>m9e lake give an excell5t mauve1 or ! col\r may be obta9$ by mix+ yell[ o*re1 blue black1 & ,v5etian r$ ) a little :ite lead4 ,ano!r %ade is obta9$ ) blue1 r$ & :ite mix$ 9 ! foll[+ proportions3 blue1 ?ree p>ts2 :ite1 two p>ts2 r$1 "o "p4 ,or :ite may be t9t$ ) ivory black1 c>m9e & ultram>9e4 ,,me?yl ,,blue4--,mix gre5 ) twelve times its quantity ( blue & a t\* ( r$4 ,,m\nta9 ,,blue4--,"o "p ( ivory black1 two p>ts ( rose madd]1 ?ree p>ts ( cobalt blue1 & f\r p>ts ( :ite lead4 ,?is col\r is only int5d$ = arti/s' use4 ,,navy ,,blue4--,ivory or drop black mix$ ) "o-f\r? ! quantity ( blue w give ?is %ade4 ,,neutral ,,blue4--,a s]ies ( neutral blues may be made by t9t+ :ite lead ) ,prussian blue & add+ burnt umb]1 ! quantity ( blue & umb] be+ v>i$ accord+ to ! t9t requir$4 ,,nile ,,blue4--,mix a little :ite ) ,prussian blue & *rome gre51 us+ r less ( ! latt] ?an ! =m]4 ,! result is a pale gre5i% blue4 ,,norm&y ,,blue4--,to get ?is gre5i% blue %ade mix gre5 & blue 9 ab\t equal proportions ) :ite4 ,,ori5tal ,,blue4--,"o "p ( lemon *rome yell[1 two p>ts ( ,prussian blue & tw5ty p>ts ( :ite lead4 ,,peacock ,,blue4--,?is col\r is "o ^u :i* op9ion v>ies consid]ably4 ,a spl5did col\r is made by tak+ cobalt z a base & add+ a little :ite & a little ,*9ese blue4 ,,p]fect ,,blue4--,"s manufactur]s produce ?is beautifully ri* col\r4 ,x is v l cobalt1 b slightly d>k]4 ,,pompeian ,,blue4--,?is is made by t9t+ :ite ) ultram>9e & add+ a little v]milion & ,italian o*re4 ,,porcela9 ,,blue4--,to get ?is %ade mix "o "p ( z9c :ite & *rome gre5 ) f\r p>ts ( ultram>9e blue & a t\* ( black4 ,,prussian ,,blue4--,?is col\r is c]ta9ly ! mo/ important blue ! h\se pa9t] has4 ,x _c be imitat$4 ,x works well 9 bo? wat] & oil1 & is transp>5t4 ,,quak] ,,blue4--,add a little black to ,prussian blue1 & light5 up ) :ite4 ,,rob9',s ,,egg ,,blue4--,use :ite = base1 t9t ) ultram>9e until a fairly /rong blue is obta9$1 & !n t+e ) a little lemon *rome gre54 ,,royal ,,blue4--,?is is made by add+ a little :ite to ,prussian blue ) a t\* ( crimson lake4 ,"s manufactur]s make a v ri* blue1 :i* !y sell "u ! "n ( ,royal blue4 ,,sapphire ,,blue4--,"o "p ( ,*9ese blue mix$ ) d\ble ! quantity ( oxide ( z9c4 ,?is %\ld n be us$ = outside "w4 ,,sea ,,blue4--,two p>ts ( ,prussian blue1 ?ree p>ts ( raw si5na1 ?irty p>ts :ite4 ,,sky ,,blue4--,"o "p ( ,prussian blue add$ to "o hundr$ & tw5ty p>ts ( :ite lead give a sky blue1 b "s pref] cobalt1 & ?is is = _m purposes d\btless ! be/4 ,/ill ano!r me?od ( obta9+ sky blue is to t9t :ite lead ) a little lime blue1 add+ a v little middle *rome1 b ! latt] is m suitable = a di/emp] col\r ?an x is an oil pa9t1 z lime blue is n v la/+ 9 oil4 ,,/eel ,,blue4--,z9c :ite t9t$ ) lime blue gives ?is col\r = di/emp]4 ,,/one ,,blue4--,"o "p ( raw umb]1 twice ! quantity ( ,prussian blue1 on a base ( :ite lead w give ?is col\r4 ,,transp>5t ,,violet4--,mix toge!r f\r p>ts ( ultram>9e blue & "o "p ( crimson lake4 ,?is is suitable only = arti/s' use4 ,,turquoise ,,blue4--,two p>ts ( cobalt blue1 "o "p ( em]ald gre51 twelve p>ts ( :ite lead4 ,,ultram>9e 7,,artificial74--,?is is "o ( ! *ief blues us$ by ! pa9t]s1 & mu/ be b\ght ready made4 ,x _c be imitat$1 b x c be b\ght 9 _m diff]5t qualities4 ,x mu/ n be mix$ ) *romes or :ite lead1 z x conta9s sulphur1 & !re w\ld on t acc\nt be a likelihood ( discol\ration4 ,natural ultram>9e is v exp5sive4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,yell[s4 ,a great v>iety ( yell[s may be obta9$ by us+ ! diff]5t %ades ( yell[ *rome1 etc41 on ! m>ket1 add+ a little r$ occasionally4 ,x may be tak5 z a g5]al rule t blacks %\ld n be add$ to yell[ unless a gre5i% t9t is desir$4 ,if a yell[ is too bright x may be l[]$ by add+ a small quantity ( blue & r$4 ,in/ructions = obta9+ ! v>i\s grades ( yell[ are giv5 explicitly bel[4 ,,alaba/]4--,?is is yell[i% :ite 9 col\r4 ,mix f\r p>ts ( :ite ) "o ( middle *rome yell[4 ,,amb]4--,an imitation ( amb] c be produc$ by mix+ equal portions ( burnt si5na1 burnt umb]1 blue black & orange *rome yell[1 & add+ a quantity ( :ite lead until ! desir$ t9t is obta9$4 ,,antique ,,bronze4--,add ivory black to orange *rome yell[ 9 ! proportion ( ab\t five p>ts ( black & "o "p ( orange4 ,,asiatic ,,bronze4--,"o "p m$ium *rome yell[1 two p>ts raw umb]1 & light5 ) :ite lead4 ,,brass ,,yell[4--,?is may be obta9$ by mix+ =ty p>ts ( :ite lead1 twelve p>ts ( light *rome yell[1 "o "p raw umb]1 & "o "p burnt umb]4 ,or a mixture ( ,fr5* o*re & m$ium *rome yell[1 add$ to a little umb]1 ) a t\* ( blue1 may be us$ to t9t :ite z a base4 ,,bronze4--,take f\rte5 p>ts ( black & add "o "p ( yell[ & two ( gre54 ,,bronze ,,yell[4--,mix toge!r five p>ts ( m$ium *rome yell[1 ?ree p>ts ( :ite lead1 & "o "p ( raw umb]4 ,a mixture pref]r$ by "s pa9t]s is obta9$ f *rome yell[1 ,fr5* o*re & a little burnt umb]4 ,,buff4--,two p>ts ( :ite lead & "o "p ( yell[ o*re produces a good buff1 or :ite lead may be t9t$ ) ,fr5* o*re alone4 ,o!r %ades are obta9$ ) mixtures ( two p>ts ( black1 f\r ( :ite1 "o ( r$1 & "o & "o-eigh? ( yell[4 ,,butt]cup4--,:ite lead t9t$ ) lemon *rome gives a nice butt]cup yell[4 ,,cadmium ,,orange4--,?is is an arti/'s col\r ( consid]able value1 b is1 g5]ally speak+1 too exp5sive = h\se pa9t]s4 ,x %\ld n be mix$ ) *rome yell[ or em]ald gre54 ,x is made 9 ?ree %ades3 pale1 m$ium & deep1 & x _c be successfully imitat$4 ,,can>y4--,?is is practically ano!r "n = /raw t9t1 & x may be mix$ 9 ! same way4 ,! proportions = an ord9>y %ade ( can>y are ?ree p>ts ( lemon *rome yell[ to "o "p ( :ite lead1 b less yell[ is (t5 pref]r$4 ,ano!r %ade is obta9$ by mix+ two p>ts ( :ite1 six ( yell[ & two ( gre54 ,"s manufactur]s make an extra light *rome yell[ :i* !y call by ?is "n4 ,,*amois4--,a dull yell[ made by mix+ f\r p>ts ( :ite1 five ( yell[ o*re & "o ( gre54 ,,*amol9e4--,mix toge!r five p>ts ( :ite lead1 ?ree p>ts ( raw si5na & "o "p ( lemon yell[4 ,,citr9e4--,al?\gh ?is is a t]ti>y col\r1 & !oretically c be made f gre5 & orange1 op9ions z to ! exact %ade some:at diff]s4 ,x may be made by mix+ f\r p>ts ( m$ium *rome yell[ & "o "p ( raw umb]2 or five p>ts ( lemon *rome yell[ & two p>ts ( raw umb]4 ,,citron4--,to produce ?is col\r use ,v5etian r$ z a base & add "o "p ( ,prussian blue1 two ( *rome yell[ & two ( :ite4 ,,colonial ,,yell[4--,m$ium *rome yell[ mix$ ) :ite lead & a little d>k orange *rome yell[ gives ?is t9t4 ,,cream4--,a good %ade is obta9$ by mix+ eight p>ts ( :ite lead1 two p>ts ( ,fr5* yell[ o*re & a t\* ( ,v5etian r$4 ,fr5* o*re & lead alone are (t5 employ$4 ,!re are _m o!r me?ods ( obta9+ ?is t9t4 ,note4--,light buff1 m$ium buff1 & d>k buff may all be obta9$ 9 ! same way by add+ m or less ( ! ,fr5* o*re or :ite4 ,,daffodil4--,lemon *rome mix$ ) a little ,v5etian r$ w give ?is col\r4 ,,deep ,,cream4--,?is col\r is made by t9t+ :ite lead ) yell[ o*re & a little ,v5etian r$4 7,see ,cream47 ,,ecru4--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re & m$ium *rome yell[4 ,a t9t :i* is sometimes call$ /one col\r is produc$ 9 ! same way4 ,ano!r %ade ( ecru may be obta9$ by mix+ ?ree p>ts ( black1 eight p>ts ( :ite1 ?ree ( m$ium *rome yell[1 & "o ( ,brunswick gre54 ,,gamboge4--,?is is an arti/'s col\r4 ,x is a gum res91 is some:at fugitive1 & is useless = ! purpose ( ! h\se pa9t]4 ,,gold4--,to obta9 ! col\r kn[n z 8gold0 :ite lead may be t9t$ ) five p>ts ( gold5 or yell[ o*re1 & "o "p ( v]milion1 or a mixture ( light *rome yell[1 ,fr5* o*re & v]milion may be us$ in/ead to t9t ! :ite lead4 ,! quantity ( yell[ us$ %\ld be consid]ably m ?an ! o*re4 ,,hay ,,col\r4--,fr5* o*re1 m$ium *rome yell[1 & lamp black us$ z t9t+ col\r = :ite lead w give a hay col\r1 or raw ,italian si5na & lamp black may be employ$ if desir$4 ,,ivory4--,! addition ( a v little m$ium *rome yell[ to :ite lead produces ?is t9t1 or a v little gold5 o*re may be us$4 ,,jonquil ,,yell[4--,t9t :ite lead ) m$ium *rome yell[ to :i* has be5 add$ a v little v]milion r$4 ,"o ( ! fav\rite me?ods is to employ sixte5 p>ts :ite lead1 "o "p ( indigo & two p>ts ( light r$1 add+ z mu* *rome yell[ z may be desir$4 ,ano!r way ( mak+ jonquil yell[ is by simply mix+ ) a little gre5 ab\t =ty times ! quantity ( yell[4 ,,leghorn4--,?is is a pale yell[ %ade1 :i* is obta9$ by mix+ :ite & m$ium *rome yell[ 9 ab\t equal proportions4 ,,lemon4--,= ?is col\r lemon *rome yell[ is us$ alone1 b ! t9t may be made by us+ :ite lead = a base & add+ m$ium *rome yell[ until ! desir$ t9t is obta9$4 ,! t9t t is usually pref]r$ is obta9$ by mix+ five p>ts ( *rome to two p>ts ( :ite lead1 & add+ a little gre54 ,h[ev]1 lemon *rome yell[ pur*as$ ready made is ! be/4 ,,light ,,buff4--,a little yell[ o*re add$ to :ite lead gives a good buff col\r1 ! t9t v>y+ ) ! quantity ( o*re4 ,,light ,,deck4--,?is col\r may be produc$ by mix+ m$ium & lemon *rome yell[ ) :ite4 ,,light ,,/one4--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re & lamp black4 ,,lemon ,,yell[4--,?is is also call$ lemon *rome1 & is ! pale/ %ade ( lemon *rome yell[4 ,x is v useful = prep>+ ! light] %ades ( yell[1 & may be imitat$ by add+ cadmium yell[ to z9c :ite4 ,,maize4--,mix yell[ & :ite 9 ! proportion ( ab\t ?ree p>ts ( ! =m] to "o ( ! latt] to get ?is light yell[ %ade4 ,,m&]',s ,,yell[4--,?is is int5d$ to be us$ z a sub/itute = old ,ox=d o*re1 b is claim$ to be sup]ior4 ,x is bas$ on o*re & is ( great /r5g? & body4 ,,manilla4--,?is col\r is sometimes call$ 8deep deck40 ,x is made by t9t+ :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re & *rome yell[4 ,or a mixture ( :ite ) f\r times ! quantity ( yell[ w produce a %ade ( manila4 ,,m>igold4--,?is is obta9$ by mix+ a v little bright yell[ ) orange *rome4 ,,melon4--,mix equal quantities ( black & :ite2 add twice ! bulk ( orange *rome & a quantity ( m$ium *rome equal to ! mixture ( black & :ite4 ,,mu%room4--,a dull yell[ %ade1 :i* may be obta9$ by add+ "o "p ( orange & two ( yell[ to t5 p>ts ( black4 ,,middle ,,/one4--,mix z describ$ "u 8,/one10 b use m umb] & o*re4 ,,naples ,,yell[4--,?is yell[ is n n[ mu* us$1 *rome yell[ hav+ to a l>ge ext5t tak5 its place4 ,x may be imitat$ by t9t+ z9c :ite ) cadmium yell[ & a v little yell[ o*re4 ,,naples ,,yell[4--,?is is obta9$ by mix+ orange ) twice z mu* yell[ & ?ree times z mu* :ite4 ,x is also ! "n giv5 to an arti/'s col\r4 ,,o*re ,,yell[4--,mix orange & yell[ 9 ab\t equal proportions ) a r l>g] quantity ( black4 ,,old ,,gold4--,use middle *rome ) a little v]milion & burnt si5na1 & add a v little cobalt4 ,a *eap] col\r may be made by mix+ o*re & burnt si5na4 ,"o "p ( gre5 & ?ree ( bright yell[ mix$ ) a little :ite w give an old gold %ade4 ,or x may be obta9$ 9 ! same way z ,,gold1 :i* see1 b a little burnt umb] may be add$4 ,"s pa9t]s pref] to t9t :ite lead ) a mixture ( *rome1 raw si5na & v]milion4 ,,olive ,,yell[4--,?is col\r is sometimes call$ olive br[n4 ,x is made by mix+ ?ree p>ts ( burnt umb] ) "o "p ( lemon *rome yell[1 a l>g] quantity ( yell[ be+ add$ if a light] %ade is requir$4 ,ano!r me?od is to mix t5 p>ts ( black1 "o ( orange1 twelve ( yell[1 & five ( gre54 ,,orange4--,mix :ite1 yell[ & orange 9 ! foll[+ proportions3 "o "p ea* ( yell[ & :ite & eighte5 p>ts ( orange4 ,or ano!r %ade is got ) sev5te5 p>ts ( orange1 six ( yell[ & two ( :ite4 ,orange *rome yell[ c be easily pur*as$1 h[ev]1 & gives ?is col\r )\t any admixture be+ necess>y4 ,,p]sian ,,orange4--,mix f\rte5 p>ts ( orange *rome1 five p>ts ( yell[ o*re & "o ( :ite4 ,,pompeian ,,yell[4--,t9t :ite ) ,italian o*re & add a v little ultram>9e & v]milion4 ,,portl& ,,/one4--,mix equal p>ts ( yell[ o*re & raw umb] & light5 up ) :ite until ! desir$ t9t is obta9$4 ,,primrose ,,yell[4--,lemon *rome us$ by itself answ]s admirably4 ,,primrose4--,t5 p>ts ( :ite1 ?ree p>ts ( gre5 & f\r p>ts ( yell[ w give ?is light gre5i% yell[4 ,ano!r %ade is got by mix+ "o "p ( orange1 two p>ts ( gre5 & five p>ts ( yell[4 ,,spruce ,,yell[4--,add a little ,v5etian r$ to a mixture ( ,fr5* o*re & :ite lead4 ,,/one4--,?is col\r1 s mu* us$ 9 ,london1 is usually made by mix+ toge!r five p>ts ( :ite lead1 two p>ts ( ,fr5* yell[ o*re & "o "p ( burnt umb]4 ,by add+ a little raw umb]1 ! t9t may be v>i$ z desir$4 ,?is col\r is suitable = outside "w4 ,ano!r me?od = obta9+ ! %ade is to t9t :ite ) m$ium *rome yell[ & burnt umb]4 ,,/raw ,,col\r4--,lemon *rome mix$ ) raw umb]4 ,,/raw4--,:ite lead t9t$ ) a little *rome yell[ produces an excell5t /raw t9t1 b "s pref] to add a little ,fr5* o*re4 ,or m$ium *rome yell[ may be us$ z a base1 & a mixture add$ ( :ite1 ,fr5* o*re & ,v5etian r$4 ,,yell[ ,,lake4--,?is is a some:at fugitive col\r :i* has b little body1 b is useful = glaz+4 ,to imitate x use equal p>ts ( burnt umb] & :ite lead & t9t ) *rome yell[ & lake4 ,or1 mix umb] & :ite 9 equal proportions & add ,naples yell[ & sc>let lake4 ,to obta9 ?is col\r 9 its full ri*ness x is q necess>y to glaze ei!r admixture ) yell[ lake4 ,,yell[ ,,o*re4--,! o*res are natural m9]al pigm5ts1 :i* are among ! *eape/ & mo/ useful at ! comm& ( h\se pa9t]s4 ,!y c be us$ 9 any vehicle & are q p]man5t1 :ile !y d n affect any o!r col\r ) :i* !y may be us$4 ,ox=d o*re is g5]ally accept$ to be ! brighte/ ( ! s]ies1 :ile x is di/+ui%$ also = ! dep? ( its cov]+ p[]4 ,,z9c ,,yell[4--,?is is a *romate ( z9c :i* is q fa/ 9 light1 & possesses ! advantage ( p]man5ce ev5 9 ! pres5ce ( impure sulphurett$ hydrog51 etc4 ,x may be mix$ ) o!r col\rs )\t adv]sely affect+ !m4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,gre5s4 ,!re is1 ( c\rse1 an imm5se range ( gre5s1 & ! li/ bel[ includes only ^? :i* are m or less frequ5tly call$ =4 ,to obta9 a gre51 "o c mix ) yell[ ei!r blue or black4 ,?is =ms a v good example ( ! diff]5ce :i* is obta9$ by mix+ rays ( light & pigm5ts4 ,! pa9t] :o wi%es to make a sy/ematic /udy ( ! subject ( col\r mix+ is advis$ to exp]im5t4 ,he may fir/ mix1 say1 m$ium *rome yell[ ) ,prussian blue1 !n ) cobalt & !n ) ultram>9e or indigo1 not+ c>efully ! diff]5ce 9 ! hue obta9$4 ,x is well to keep ! quantity ( *rome ab\t ! same 9 ea* case1 s t ! diff]5ce obta9$ by ! use ( ! respective blues may be ! bett] appreciat$4 ,he %\ld !n *ange 8 yell[1 mix+ ! same proportions z ne>ly z possible ) lemon *rome & !n ) deep *rome1 aga9 notic+ ! diff]5ce 9 ! col\rs obta9$4 ,hav+ done ?is he c g back to middle *rome & mix black ) x 9 v>y+ proportions4 ,9 ?is way he w obta9 a good deal ( practical k 9 a %ort "t conc]n+ ! diff]5t %ades ( gre5 obta9able f ^! simple mixtures1 & he w at ! same "t n =get ! relative co/s ( ! diff]5t mat]ials1 s t he may le>n to obta9 desirable mixtures ( col\r f ! lea/ exp5sive ( ! pigm5ts4 ,sometimes a gre5 is obta9$ simply by light5+ up1 ) :ite1 a /ock comm]cial gre51 = example1 pea gre5 may easily be obta9$ by light5+ pale ,brunswick gre54 ,9 "s cases gre5s are produc$ by an admixture ( two or m col\rs1 su*1 = in/ance1 z ,will[ ,gre51 :i* is made f o*re & indigo1 & ,olive ,gre5 f o*re & ,fr5* ultram>9e4 ,o!rs h ! addition ( :ite1 su* z ,grass ,gre51 :i* is :ite o*re & cobalt1 & ,spr+ ,gre51 :i* is :ite1 middle *rome & black4 ,hav+ p]=m$ ! =ego+ exp]im5ts1 ! read] %\ld next take up ! /udy ( lights & %ades4 ,9 o!r words1 he %\ld add to ! v>i\s mixtures obta9$ 9 ! mann] describ$1 diff]5t quantities ( fir/ :ite & !n black1 & notice ! effect obta9$4 ,"s col\rs are v mu* /rong] = t9t+ purposes ?an o!rs4 ,= example1 a ,prussian blue w g a long way & a v little is suffici5t to col\r a consid]able quantity ( :ite lead4 ,9 ! plates we %[ pure ,turkey umb]1 ,fr5* o*re1 raw ,italian si5na1 orange *rome yell[1 ,prussian blue1 m$ium *rome yell[1 etc4 ,ea* ( ^! is also %[n :5 mix$ ) tw5ty-five p>ts ( z9c & "o hundr$ p>ts ( z9c respectively4 ,! object ( us+ ! z9c in/ead ( :ite lead is to obta9 a pur] t9t1 ! :ite be+ mu* :it] ?an :ite lead4 ,a c>eful exam9ation ( ?is t9t w give "s useful in=mation conc]n+ ! t9t+ /r5g? ( diff]5t col\rs4 ,obs]ve1 = example1 ,prussian blue1 :i* is q a decid$ blue ev5 :5 only "o "p 9 "o hundr$ ( ! col\r is us$4 ,! next ?+ to be done is to add a little black to ^! col\rs & to note ! result4 ,we mu/ urge ! read] n to use black 9 r$uc+ 8 col\rs z a rule4 ,if x is desir$ to r$uce or l[] a yell[ 9 tone use blue & r$1 if a blue is too vivid add a little r$ & yell[1 & if a r$ is too bright add a little blue & yell[--9 o!r words1 tak+ ! ?ree prim>ies1 add to any "o a v little ( ! o!r two4 ,,aloes4--,a pale sage gre5 %ade4 ,to obta9 x mix six p>ts ( black1 ?ree ( :ite1 "o ( *rome yell[1 & ?ree ( ,brunswick gre54 ,,apple ,,gre54--,! simple/ way to obta9 ?is is to mix m$ium *rome gre5 ) ab\t ?irty times ! quantity ( :ite lead1 b o!r gre5s may be employ$ ) ! addition ( a little ,prussian blue :5 necess>y4 ,or a little orange *rome yell[ may be add$ to ! m$ium *rome gre5 & :ite lead4 ,a v good %ade c be produc$ by mix+ "o "p ( :ite ) f\r ( yell[ & n9e ( gre54 ,,autumn ,,gre54--,mix "o "p ( *rome yell[ ) sev5 ( black & two ( em]ald gre54 ,,blue ,,gre54--,equal proportions ( deep *rome gre5 & cobalt1 or ?ree p>ts ( *rome gre5 & "o ( ,prussian blue1 add$ to :ite lead 9 ! proportion ( ab\t f\r times ! quantity ( lead to ! mixture ( gre5 & blue1 w give a t9t :i* is sometimes call$ 8blue gre540 ,,bottle ,,gre54--,mix toge!r five p>ts ( m$ium *rome gre5 & "o "p ( blue black4 ,a simil> col\r may be obta9$ by add+ ,prussian blue to blue black & lemon *rome4 ,ano!r %ade is made by us+ f\r p>ts ( black & "o ( gre54 ,,bronze ,,gre54--,! usual me?od is to mix black ) *rome yell[ 7deep71 b indigo may be us$ in/ead if desir$4 ,a mu* bright] col\r is obta9$ f a mixture ( m$ium *rome yell[1 ,prussian blue & burnt si5na4 ,or ! foll[+ recipe may be us$3 ,m$ium *rome gre51 five p>ts2 blue black1 "o "p2 burnt umb]1 "o "p4 ,a light bronze col\r may be obta9$ by add+ m gre5 or by us+ light in/ead ( m$ium gre54 ,o!r %ades ( bronze gre5 may be got by add+ a little lamp black to d>k *rome gre51 or by tak+ m$ium *rome gre5 & add+ lamp black & a little raw umb]4 ,,brunswick ,,gre54--,?is col\r is sold 9 ?ree %ades4 ,x may be imitat$ by a mixture ( ,prussian blue & *rome yell[1 b *rome gre51 ton$ d[n ) black1 is sometimes us$4 ,,*>treuse4--,?is is a light yell[i% gre5 col\r4 ,mix f\r ( *rome yell[ & five ( *rome gre51 light5+ up ) :ite4 ,,*rome ,,gre54--,?is col\r is b\ght ready made4 ,to produce x by admixture1 add ,prussian blue to lemon *rome yell[ 9 ! proportion ( ab\t "o "p ( blue to eight p>ts ( yell[4 ,,eau ,,de ,,nil4--,t9t :ite lead ) m$ium *rome yell[1 em]ald gre5 & a t\* ( ,prussian blue4 ,,egyptian ,,gre54--,add two p>ts ( raw umb] & "o "p ( lemon *rome yell[ to :ite lead4 ,give ! gre5 tone to x by means ( a little ,prussian blue4 ,,elephant ,,gre54--,a d>k gre51 obta9$ by add+ a little em]ald gre5 to black4 ,,em]ald ,,gre54--,?is beautiful1 bright gre5 _c be successfully imitat$4 ,x mu/ n be mix$ ) ultram>9e4 ,! pigm5t is a great fav\rite ) "s pa9t]s1 :ile o!rs nev] use x4 ,9 ,am]ica1 ! pigm5t is kn[n z 8,p>is gre510 b x is n !re us$ to any ext5t by pa9t]s1 al?\gh x is us$ z an insecticide4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( ! real ?+1 a m or less pres5table imitation may be obta9$ by mix+ eight p>ts ( :ite lead & "o "p ( m$ium *rome gre51 or a light %ade ( *rome gre5 may be us$ )\t lead4 ,,foliage ,,gre54--,"o "p ( blue black may be mix$ ) f\r p>ts ( lemon *rome4 ,use m$ium *rome yell[ if a d>k] %ade is requir$4 ,,fr5* ,,gre54--,?is is a bright yell[i% gre51 :i* may be obta9$ by add+ to em]ald or deep *rome gre5 ab\t "o-t5? "p *rome yell[4 ,yell[ o*re is sometimes us$ in/ead4 ,,gage ,,gre54--,?is is a v>iety ( sage gre54 ,x may be made 9 ! same way z pea gre51 & :5 t is rea*$ a little black %\ld be add$ to br+ x to ! requir$ sage col\r4 ,,g5u9e ,,gre54--,?is is usually to be _h ready mix$1 b x v>ies consid]ably 9 "n z well z 9 ! exact t9t4 ,x comes v ne> to :at "s manufactur]s call deep royal gre51 :ile x is n f> remov$ f an olive4 ,,grass ,,gre54--,! col\r sold z 8extra light *rome gre50 makes a spl5did grass gre5 )\t any addition1 b if x is n available light5 up m$ium or d>k *rome gre5 ) *rome yell[4 ,,gre5 ,,slate4--,t9t :ite lead ) a bright gre5 ton$ d[n ) o*re & lamp black4 ,,gre5 ,,/one4--,twelve p>ts :ite lead t9t$ ) "o "p m$ium *rome gre5 & "o "p ( raw umb] give ?is t9t1 or ! t9t+ col\rs may be ,fr5* o*re & em]ald gre5 ) a little lamp black4 ,,grey ,,gre54--,use ultram>9e blue1 lemon *rome yell[1 blue black & :ite lead4 ,,invisible ,,gre54--,a d>k gre5 made by mix+ n9e p>ts ( black & "o ( bright gre54 ,,ivy ,,gre54--,?is is produc$ by a mixture ( ,fr5* o*re1 lamp black & ,prussian blue4 ,,leaf ,,bud4--,?is col\r is suitable = inside "w4 ,x is made by mix+ orange *rome yell[1 light *rome gre5 & :ite lead 9 equal proportions4 ,,light ,,gre54--,equal quantities ( :ite & blue & r m ?an twice ! am\nt ( gre5 give a v good %ade4 ,,lime ,,gre54--,?is is b\ght ready = use1 & is only suitable = di/emp]1 etc4 ,x _c be us$ ) oil4 ,,manse ,,gre54--,?is is produc$ f a mixture ( a bright gre51 m$ium *rome yell[ & ,fr5* o*re4 ,,m>9e ,,gre54--,mix "o "p ( middle *rome gre5 ) f\r ( black4 ,,m$ium4--,a gre5 ( ?is "n may be pur*as$ ready made4 ,x is v simil> to middle ,brunswick gre54 ,,mignonette4--,?is is a d>k gre5 %ade1 obta9$ by mix+ "o "p ( *rome yell[ & "o ( ,prussian blue ) ?ree p>ts ( *rome gre5 & fifte5 p>ts ( black4 ,,moscovite4--,?is is a d>k sage-yell[ gre5i% %ade4 ,x may be obta9$ by mix+ six p>ts ( ,prussian blue1 ?irte5 ( *rome gre51 ?ree ( orange *rome1 eight ( :ite1 & tw5ty ( black4 ,,moss ,,gre54--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re1 a bright gre5 & a little lamp black4 ,,moss ,,rose4--,?is pale gre5i% %ade is obta9$ by mix+ *rome or ,brunswick gre51 bright yell[ & :ite 9 ! proportions ( "o "p gre51 f\r ( yell[ & ?ree ( :ite4 ,,m\nta9 ,,gre54--,add to m$ium *rome yell[ suffici5t cobalt to produce ! desir$ hue1 add+ a little :ite if necess>y4 ,,myrtle4--,?ree p>ts ( d>k *rome gre51 "o "p ( ultram>9e blue1 & a little :ite lead w give an excell5t myrtle col\r4 ,,night ,,gre54--,sev5 p>ts ( *rome gre5 & ?ree p>ts ( yell[ o*re w give ?is %ade4 ,,nile ,,gre54--,five p>ts ( :ite1 n9e ( em]ald gre5 & six ( ,prussian blue w give ?is %ade4 ,,olive4--,mix toge!r t5 p>ts ( lemon *rome yell[1 "o "p ( ultram>9e blue & "o "p ( light ,indian r$4 ,ano!r me?od is to use eight p>ts ( lemon *rome yell[1 "o "p ( blue black & "o "p ( ,prussian blue4 ,or ! foll[+ proportions give v good %ades3 ?ree p>ts black1 f\r p>ts :ite1 f\r p>ts r$1 two p>ts yell[1 & elev5 p>ts gre52 or1 fifte5 p>ts ( :ite1 tw5ty ( r$1 twelve ( yell[1 & fifty-?ree ( gre54 ,"s pa9t]s add equal portions ( ,prussian blue & lamp black to lemon *rome yell[ = a base1 or ! base may be o*re in/ead ( *rome1 & a little ( ! yell[ be add$4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,buff ,,se]$ ,,gre5 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,doe ,,col\r ,,moss ,,gre5 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,s&/one ,,light ,,*ocolate ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,light ,,drab ,,v5etian ,,gre5 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,/one ,,grey ,,sage ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,/eel ,,grey ,,bronze ,,br[n ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,slate ,,tea ,,gre5 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,pea ,,gre5 ,,bronze ,,gre5 ,,ori5tal ,,gre54--,is made by mix+ equal proportions ( raw umb] & lemon *rome yell[4 ,,pale ,,royal ,,gre54--,?is col\r is b\ght ready made4 ,,peacock ,,gre54--,a mixture ( sev5 p>ts ( :ite1 fifty p>ts ( em]ald gre5 & =ty-?ree ( ,prussian blue w give ?is %ade4 ,a little yell[ is sometimes add$4 ,,pea ,,gre54--,=ty-eight p>ts ( :ite lead & "o "p ( *rome gre5 w give ?is col\r1 or em]ald gre5 may be us$ if desir$4 ,"s mak]s mix m$ium *rome gre5 & :ite lead 9 ! proportion ( five p>ts ( ! latt] to "o "p ( ! =m] to obta9 a pea gre51 b ! proportions may be v>i$ consid]ably accord+ to ! exact %ade requir$4 ,,p]sian ,,gre54--,?is is only ano!r "n = em]ald gre51 ! vivid & some:at />+ hue be+ sometimes employ$ 9 ,ori5tal decoration & be+ !n t]m$ 8,p]sian ,gre540 ,,pi/a*e4--,?is is a yell[i% gre5 %ade4 ,x may be got by mix+ sev5 p>ts ( black1 "o ( yell[ o*re & "o & half ( *rome gre54 ,or *rome yell[ may1 if desir$1 be sub/itut$ = ! o*re4 ,,prussian ,,gre54--,to produce ?is mix five p>ts black1 ?ree p>ts *rome yell[ & twelve p>ts em]ald or m$ium *rome gre54 ,,quak] ,,gre54--,mix equal proportions ( ,v5etian r$ & m$ium *rome yell[ & add blue black4 ,add to ?is mixture a quantity ( *rome gre5 equal 9 bulk to ! ?ree4 ,?is w give an excell5t quak] gre54 ,,re$ ,,gre54--,mix :ite1 *rome yell[ & *rome gre5 9 ab\t equal quantities to produce ?is %ade4 ,! "n1 h[ev]1 has no special significance1 & an admixture ( almo/ any yell[ & gre51 light5$ up ) :ite1 might be us$ in/ead4 ,,sage ,,gre54--,?is may be produc$ by t9t+ :ite lead ) f\r p>ts ( light *rome gre5 & "o "p ( ivory black1 or ! :ite lead may be t9t$ ) a mixture ( ,fr5* o*re1 lamp black1 & ,prussian blue4 ,ano!r recipe is z foll[s3 ,add raw umb] & *rome gre5 9 ! proportion ( ab\t "o "p ( ! =m] to two p>ts ( ! latt] add$ to :ite lead until ! desir$ %ade is obta9$4 ,,sap ,,gre54--,mix ) :ite lead m$ium *rome yell[ & a v little lamp black4 ,,sea ,,foam4--,t9t :ite lead ) m$ium *rome yell[ & em]ald gre51 or if too bright use m$ium *rome gre5 in/ead ( ! em]ald4 ,,sea ,,gre54--,?is col\r is obta9$ by add+ deep *rome to :ite lead4 ,ano!r sea gre51 & a v good "o1 is obta9$ by mix+ light ,brunswick gre51 raw si5na or o*re & :ite4 ,,se]$ ,,gre54--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re1 m$ium *rome yell[ & a little bright gre54 ,,/>l+',s ,,egg ,,gre54--,a mixture ( light *rome & ,prussian blue1 light5$ up ) :ite1 w produce ?is col\r4 ,,tea ,,gre54--,m$ium royal gre51 *rome yell[1 & lamp black1 add$ to :ite lead1 w give ?is col\r4 ,,velvet ,,gre54--,mix ?ree p>ts ( burnt si5na1 five p>ts ( light *rome gre5 & eight p>ts :ite lead4 ,,v5etian ,,gre54--,light5 up d>k *rome gre5 ) :ite lead4 ,,wat] ,,gre54--,raw si5na mix$ ) a little deep *rome gre5 & add$ to :ite lead gives a wat] gre5 t9t4 ,,will[ ,,gre54--,t9t :ite lead ) m$ium *rome gre5 & add a little burnt umb] or ivory black4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,br[ns1 ,,& ,,h[ ,,to ,,mix ,,!m4 ,,acorn ,,br[n4--,?is is v simil> to a ri* *ocolate1 & may be made 9 ! same way4 ,,ald]ney4--,?is is an orange br[n 9 hue1 & may be made by mix+ f\rte5 p>ts ( black1 "o ( :ite1 two ( orange & ?ree ( yell[4 ,,arabian ,,br[n4--,?is is a d>k t]ra-cotta1 & may be made by add+ :ite & black to ,indian r$4 ,,argus ,,br[n4--,?is is a v d>k br[n1 & may be made by mix+ twelve p>ts ( black ) two p>ts ( orange & "o "p ( yell[4 ,,auburn ,,tan4--,mix toge!r "o "p ( burnt umb]1 ?ree p>ts ( gold5 o*re & tw5ty p>ts ( :ite lead4 ,,autumn ,,leaf4--,?is is also call$ 8lea!r lake40 ,x may be made by mix+ on a base ( :ite lead ,fr5* o*re1 orange *rome yell[ & ,v5etian r$4 ,,bism>k4--,a %ade ( ?is "n may be produc$ by us+ two p>ts ( black1 "o ( r$ & "o ( orange1 :i* mix$ toge!r =m an orange br[n4 ,,bism>k ,,br[n4--,?is col\r is obta9$ by mix+ ) six p>ts ( black1 "o "p ( orange & "o ( yell[4 ,,bi/re4--,?is col\r is pr9cipally us$ by arti/s4 ,x mu/ n be mix$ ) oil1 & x is n always reliable = its p]man5cy4 ,x may be imitat$ by mix+ toge!r t5 p>ts ( black ) two ( r$ & a little gre54 ,,bronze ,,br[n4--,black col\r$ ) a little orange *rome & bright gre54 ,,br[n4--,! me?ods ( obta9+ diff]5t br[ns w be f\nd "u ! head+s ( ! respective names1 su* z 8,*esnut10 etc4 ,a good av]age br[n may be obta9$ by mix+ toge!r ?ree ( ,indian r$1 two p>ts ( lamp black & "o "p ( yell[ o*re4 ,a light] col\r is obta9$ by us+ m o*re & less black1 9 fact1 a l>ge v>iety ( br[n t9ts may be produc$ by v>y+ ! proportions ( o*re & black4 ,,burnt ,,rose4--,?is is a d>k r$ br[n %ade4 ,to produce x use eight p>ts ( black1 "o & half p>ts ( r$1 two p>ts ( orange1 & "o ( blue4 ,,burnt ,,si5na4--,?is is a si5na calc9$1 ! effect be+ to produce a d>k] %ade4 ,,burnt ,,umb]4--,?is is a ri* d>k gre5i% br[n1 b ! %ade v>ies consid]ably 9 diff]5t qualities4 ,turkey umb] is ! ri*e/4 ,umb]s %\ld always be pur*as$ gr\nd ready = use4 ,,cafe ,,au ,,lait4--,to produce ?is %ade mix five p>ts ( black1 ?ree ( :ite1 "o ( yell[ & a little orange4 ,a little r$ may also be add$ if desir$4 ,,cappagh ,,br[n4--,?is is an arti/'s col\r ( a r$di% br[n col\r1 be+ v l umb]4 ,,*esnut4--,?is ri* br[n may be obta9$ by mix+ f\r p>ts ( m$ium *rome yell[ & two p>ts ( ,v5etian r$4 ,"o "p ( yell[ o*re may be add$ if desir$4 ,,*ocolate4--,five p>ts ( burnt si5na & "o "p ( c>m9e or lake give a ri* *ocolate4 ,a less exp5sive col\r is obta9$ by mix+ ,indian r$ & lamp black ) a little yell[ o*re4 ,a t\* ( v]milion w cle> & bright5 ?is mixture4 ,ano!r way to produce *ocolate is to mix tw5ty p>ts ( black ) ?ree p>ts ( r$1 b ?is gives a m or less muddy %ade4 ,,c9namon4--,six p>ts :ite lead1 two p>ts burnt si5na1 & "o "p ( gold5 o*re makes a good c9namon2 or ,fr5* o*re1 ,engli% ,indian r$ & a little lamp black w produce ! same col\r4 ,ano!r way is to mix ,italian si5na & burnt umb]4 ,,clay ,,drab4--,mix equal p>ts ( :ite lead1 raw umb] & raw si5na1 & add a little *rome if desir$4 ,"s pa9t]s pref] to add a little m$ium *rome yell[4 ,,cocoanut ,,br[n4--,?is %ade may be obta9$ by mix+ "o "p ( :ite lead ) d\ble ! quantity ( burnt umb]4 ,,c(fee4--,to produce ?is col\r mix toge!r five p>ts ( burnt umb]1 two p>ts ( yell[ o*re & "o "p ( burnt si5na4 ,,copp]4--,t9t z9c :ite ) ,fr5* o*re1 ,italian si5na & lamp black to obta9 ! %ade %[n 9 ! sample4 ,a v good copp] %ade is obta9$ by mix+ two p>ts ( m$ium *rome yell[1 "o "p ( ,v5etian r$1 & "o "p ( drop black or two p>ts ( lamp black1 ?ree p>ts ( m$ium *rome yell[ & six p>ts ( ,v5etian r$4 ,,cork ,,col\r4--,t9t :ite lead ) ,fr5* o*re1 ,indian r$ & a little lamp black1 or ) raw ,italian si5na & burnt umb]4 ,,d>k ,,drab4--,fr5* grey1 ,indian r$ & lamp black add$ to :ite lead give ?is col\r4 ,,d>k ,,lava4--,mix ,fr5* o*re1 ,indian r$ & lamp black1 & light5 ) :ite lead4 ,,d>k ,,oak4--,add ,fr5* o*re & ,v5etian r$ to :ite lead z a base4 ,,doe ,,col\r4--,?is may be produc$ by mix+ raw ,italian si5na & burnt umb] ) :ite lead1 or ,fr5* o*re & m9]al br[n ) a little lamp black4 ,,dove ,,col\r4--,:ite lead1 ) a little ,prussian blue & a t\* ( ivory black w produce an excell5t dove col\r2 b ,fr5* o*re1 ,indian r$1 & lamp black may be employ$1 or a mixture ( raw & burnt ,turkey umb] & ,italian si5na4 ,,drab4--,a good drab is made by us+ burnt umb] & :ite lead 9 ! proportion ( "o ( ! =m] to t5 ( ! latt]1 b raw umb] & a little ,v5etian r$ may be us$ in/ead4 ,,fawn4--,?is might also be call$ deep drab4 ,x is produc$ by t9t+ :ite lead ) a mixture ( ,fr5* o*re1 ,indian r$1 & lamp black or raw ,italian si5na & raw ,turkey umb]4 ,ano!r %ade ( fawn is obta9$ by us+ eight p>ts ( :ite lead1 "o "p ( *rome yell[1 "o "p ( ,indian r$1 & "o "p ( burnt umb]2 or eight p>ts ( :ite lead1 two p>ts ( m$ium *rome yell[1 "o "p ,v5etian r$1 & "o "p ( burnt umb]4 ,,foliage ,,br[n4--,mix burnt umb] ) raw & burnt si5na & light5 ) :ite z may be necess>y4 ,,fr5* ,,o*re4--,?is col\r1 ( c\rse1 is b\ght ready made1 & x mu/ be obs]v$ t1 9 addition to ! f95ess1 ! p>ticul> tone ( ?is col\r is v important1 especially to gra9]s4 ,,gold5 ,,br[n4--,sixte5 p>ts ( :ite lead are mix$ ) "o ( burnt si5na & ?ree p>ts ( yell[ o*re4 ,,indian ,,br[n4--,mix equal p>ts ( ,indian r$1 lamp black & yell[ o*re4 ,,lava4--,an orange br[n lava %ade c be got by mix+ fifte5 p>ts ( black1 five p>ts ( orange1 f\r ( yell[ & a v little :ite4 ,,lea!r ,,br[n4--,f\r p>ts ( yell[ o*re1 ?ree p>ts ( ,v5etian r$1 two p>ts ( :ite lead1 & "o "p ( blue black give a ri* lea!r br[n4 ,if a light] t9t is requir$ less black %\ld be us$4 ,or ! foll[+ recipe may be us$3 ,mix :ite ) ?ree times ! quantity ( r$ & ! same am\nt ( yell[4 ,"s pa9t]s use ,fr5* o*re = a base & t9t ) burnt umb] or ,v5etian r$4 ,,light ,,lava4--,a mixture ( raw umb] & raw si5na add$ to :ite w give ?is col\r4 ,,lime ,,*ocolate4--,?is is a speciality ( ,messrs4 ,,m&] ,,bros4 ,x is suitable = mix+ 9 wat] or oil & is v useful = all purposes ( ! decorative arti/4 ,,light ,,oak4--,add ,fr5* o*re & ,v5etian r$ to :ite z a base4 ,,liz>d ,,bronze4--,fifte5 p>ts ( black1 "o ( orange1 five ( yell[1 & f\r ( gre5 w produce ?is d>k gre5i% yell[ %ade4 ,,madd] ,,gre54--,a r$di% br[n madd] %ade is produc$ ) "o "p blue1 ?ree p>ts ea* ( orange & r$1 & six p>ts black4 ,,mahogany4--,mix orange & yell[ 9 equal proportions ) five times ! quantity ( black4 ,,ma/-,,col\r$ ,,pa9t4--,! foll[+ recipe gives good results4 ,mix twelve p>ts ( g5u9e dry :ite lead ) two p>ts ( ,fr5* o*re1 two p>ts ( grey b>ytes1 & "o "p ( g5u9e oxide ( iron4 ,,nut ,,br[n4--,equal quantities ( r$ & yell[ mix$ ) t5 times z mu* black w give ?is %ade4 ,,old ,,wood4--,to get ?is %ade mix "o "p ( blue & r$1 two ( orange & five ( black4 ,,olive ,,br[n may be made by mix+ ?ree p>ts ( burnt umb] & "o "p ( lemon *rome yell[2 or ano!r %ade is giv5 by mix+ equal quantities ( orange & gre5 ) ab\t twelve times z mu* black4 ,"s pa9t]s add lemon *rome yell[ to raw umb] = a base4 ,,orange ,,br[n4--,two p>ts ( orange *rome yell[ mix$ ) ?ree p>ts si5na4 ,,pomegranate4--,a gold5 br[n %ade sometimes call$ by ?is "n is giv5 by mix+ ?ree p>ts ( r$1 six ( orange1 f\r ( yell[ ) tw5ty p>ts ( black4 ,,purple ,,br[n4--,mix f\r p>ts ( d>k ,indian r$ ) "o "p ( ultram>9e blue & ( lamp black4 ,! addition ( :ite lead w usually make a m satisfactory t9t2 if ! %ade is too purple1 a simil> quantity ( blue %\ld be add$2 if too r$1 m black may be us$1 or a little yell[ add$1 b purple br[n pigm5t is *eap4 ,,raw ,,si5na4--,si5nas are valuable e>? col\rs mo/ useful = /a9+ or t9t+1 b practically useless z body col\rs4 ,! degree ( transp>5cy det]m9es to "s ext5t ! quality4 ,,raw ,,umb]4--,a valuable e>? col\r4 ,,russet ,,br[n4--,indian r$ light5$ ) :ite produces a t9t sometimes call$ by ?is "n4 ,,russet4--,a v good russet %ade is got by mix+ tw5ty p>ts ( black1 twelve p>ts ( r$1 t5 ( orange1 ?ree ( yell[1 & five ( gre54 ,or m$ium *rome gre51 raw umb]1 & a little orange *rome yell[ add$ to :ite z a base w give an excell5t russet4 ,,s&/one4--,a t9t+ col\r made by mix+ raw & burnt umb] w produce ?is col\r4 ,,seal ,,br[n4--,f\r p>ts burnt umb]1 "o "p gold5 o*re4 ,,sepia4--,?is is a natural col\r us$ *iefly by arti/s4 ,x _c be imitat$ & x mu/ n be us$ 9 oil4 ,,si5na ,,br[n4--,?is col\r is v>i\sly call$ 8si5na br[n10 8teak br[n10 & by o!r names4 ,x is made by mix+ burnt ,italian si5na & ,fr5* o*re ) pure z9c4 ,,snuff ,,br[n4--,fr5* o*re & ,indian r$ add$ to z9c :ite w produce ?is col\r4 ,ano!r way to produce a snuff col\r is to mix f\r p>ts ( m$ium yell[ & two p>ts ( ,v&yke br[n1 or burnt umb] may be sub/itut$ = ! ,v&yke br[n if desir$4 ,ano!r snuff col\r may be obta9$ by mix+ burnt umb] & yell[ o*re1 t++ ) a little ,v5etian r$4 ,,tan4--,mix t5 p>ts ( burnt si5na & f\r p>ts ( m$ium *rome yell[ ) ?ree p>ts ( raw umb]4 ,:ite lead & burnt si5na1 to :i* has be5 add$ a v little lamp black1 w also produce a tan col\r4 ,,?ru% ,,br[n4--,"o "p yell[ o*re1 ?ree p>ts burnt umb]1 twelve p>ts :ite lead4 ,,turkey ,,umb]4--,! ri*e/ v>iety ( ! _m umb]s on ! m>ket4 ,,v&yke ,,br[n4--,?is is an important br[n to ! h\se pa9t]4 ,x _c be imitat$1 al?\gh a little r$ add$ to umb] produces a col\r some:at simil> to x4 ,,vi5na ,,smoke4--,! be/ burnt umb] %\ld be t9t$ ) lemon *rome yell[ & a little ,v5etian r$4 ,,wallfl[] ,,br[n4--,?is beautiful br[n may be made by a mixture ( m$ium *rome yell[ & br[n lake4 ,or crimson lake & burnt si5na may be mix$ ) m$ium *rome4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,gr\nd ,,col\rs ,,= ,,gra9+4 ,a consid]able diff]5ce ( op9ions exi/s among gra9]s z to ! be/ me?od ( obta9+ _! gr\nds1 inde$ ! mo/ exp]i5c$ m5 are by no means agre$ z to precisely :at col\r a gr\nd %\ld be4 ,! foll[+ mixtures w produce good gr\nds provid$ t really fir/-class col\rs are employ$4 ,,maple4--,:ite lead t9t$ ) a v little v]milion & ab\t an equal quantity ( lemon *rome4 ,"s pref] yell[ o*re only1 o!rs o*re & raw umb] 9 ! proportion ( f\r ounces o*re & "o ounce umb] to ?irty p\nds ( lead4 ,,m$ium ,,oak4--,add ,fr5* o*re to :ite lead 9 ! proportions ( ab\t "o hundr$ & tw5ty ( lead to five ( o*re4 ,add a little burnt umb]4 ,,light ,,oak ,,& ,,bir*4--,eighty p>ts ( :ite lead to "o ( yell[ o*re produces a good gr\nd1 b sixty p\nds ( :ite lead1 half a p\nd ( ,fr5* o*re1 & "o ounce ( lemon *rome is sometimes pref]r$4 ,,d>k ,,oak4--,sixty p>ts ( :ite lead & "o "p ( gold5 o*re may be us$1 or ! foll[+ mixture if pref]r$4 ,six p\nds ( :ite lead1 "o p\nd ( ,fr5* o*re1 two ounces m$ium ,v5etian r$ & two ounces ( burnt umb]4 ,,sat9wood4--,mix six ounces ( lemon *rome to fifte5 p\nds ( pure :ite lead & add a little deep ,engli% v]milion4 ,,poll>d ,,oak4--,t9t "o hundr$ p\nds ( :ite lead ) tw5ty-sev5 p\nds ( ,fr5* o*re1 f\r p\nds ( burnt umb]1 & ?ree & ?ree-qu>t] p\nds m$ium ,v5etian r$4 ,,pit* ,,p9e4--,t9t sixty p\nds ( :ite lead ) half p\nd m$ium ,v5etian r$1 & qu>t] p\nd ( ,fr5* o*re4 ,,italian ,,walnut4--,"o p\nd ( ,fr5* o*re mix$ ) t5 p\nds ( pure :ite lead & f\r ounces ( burnt umb] & f\r ounces m$ium ,v5etian r$ give ?is gr\nd4 ,,knott$ ,,oak4--,sixty p\nds ( :ite lead1 n9e p\nds ( ,fr5* o*re1 & ?ree & half p\nds burnt umb]4 ,,rosewood ,,& ,,d>k ,,mahogany4--,f\r p\nds ( m$ium ,v5etian r$1 "o p\nd ( orange *rome yell[1 & "o p\nd ( burnt umb]1 or a little less burnt umb] may be us$ accord+ to ! /r5g?4 ,,mahogany1 ,,d>k4--,f\r p\nds ( m$ium ,v5etian r$1 "o p\nd ( orange *rome yell[1 & "o p\nd ( burnt umb]1 or a little less burnt umb] may be us$ accord+ to ! /r5g?4 ,,mahogany1 ,,light4--,mix six p\nds ( pure :ite lead ) "o p\nd m$ium ,v5etian r$ & five ounces ( burnt umb]4 ,,am]ican ,,walnut4--,?irty p\nds pure :ite lead t9t$ ) n9e p\nds ( ,fr5* o*re1 f\r p\nds burnt umb]1 & "o p\nd m$ium ,v5etian r$4 ,,antique ,,oak4--,?irty p\nds pure :ite lead t9t$ ) n9e p\nds ( ,fr5* o*re1 f\r p\nds burnt umb]1 & "o p\nd m$ium ,v5etian r$4 ,,oak1 ,,antique4--,?irty p\nds pure :ite lead t9t$ ) n9e p\nds ( ,fr5* o*re1 f\r p\nds burnt umb]1 & "o p\nd m$ium ,v5etian r$4 ,,a%4--,:ite lead t9t$ ) a v little v]milion & ab\t an equal quantity ( lemon *rome4 ,"s pref] yell[ o*re only1 o!rs o*re & raw umb] 9 ! proportion ( f\r ounces o*re & "o ounce umb] to ?irty p\nds ( lead4 ,,bir*4--,eighty p>ts ( :ite lead to "o ( yell[ o*re produces a good gr\nd1 b sixty p\nds ( :ite lead1 "o-eigh? ( a p\nd ( ,fr5* o*re & "o ounce ( lemon *rome is sometimes pref]r$4 ,our examples ( gra9+ gr\nds ) _! mixtures mu/ be tak5 z an av]age arriv$ at f comp>ison ( ! me?ods employ$ by diff]5t pa9t]s 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,no d\bt "s read]s w n agree ) !m & w ?9k t ! col\r %\ld be light] or d>k] z ! case may be4 ,z we h expla9$1 ! mixtures giv5 are ^? :i* may be consid]$ an av]age1 & a v>iation ( !m may be made accord+ to individual ta/e & judgm5t4 ,,gra9+ ,,col\rs4 ,hav+ giv5 ! gr\nd col\rs1 we n[ proce$ to give ^? :i* are us$ = gra9+4 ,x w be und]/ood t ! me?od ( obta9+ a gra9+ col\r v>ies j z mu* z x does 9 ! case ( ! gr\nd col\r1 accord+ to ! op9ion ( ! pa9t]4 ,! foll[+ are giv5 z :at may be safely foll[$ to get an av]age good result4 ,,light ,,oak4--,mix "o-?ird burnt umb] ) two-?irds raw si5na1 & add a v little drop black4 ,,a%4--,same z ,light ,oak4 ,,*esnut4--,mix raw si5na1 v&ykes & raw umb] ) a v little burnt si5na4 ,,bird',s ,,eye ,,maple4--,mix raw umb] & raw si5na ) a little v&yke br[n or ivory black4 ,,poll>d ,,oak4--,mix burnt umb]1 v&yke1 raw & burnt si5nas1 & add a little black or ultram>9e4 ,,*]ry4--,use raw & burnt si5nas & raw umb]4 ,,am]ican ,,walnut4--,burnt umb] to :i* is add$ a little v&yke br[n w give a good gra9+ col\r = walnut4 ,,mahogany4--,burnt umb]1 burnt si5na & v&yke br[n1 ) ! addition ( a little crimson lake = ov] gra9+1 w answ] well = mahogany4 ,,rosewood4--,v&yke br[n1 ) ! addition ( a little black1 %\ld be us$1 & rose p9k may be add$ if desir$4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,te/ ,,! ,,quality ,,( ,,col\rs ,al?\gh to accurately te/ ! quality ( a col\r requires some:at elaborate exp]im5ts1 bo? *emical & practical1 yet !re is no reason :y ! pa9t] %\ld n det]m9e ) a suffici5t degree ( accuracy = 8 purpose ! quality ( ! col\r he uses4 ,inde$1 if ?is 7 done m g5]ally1 mu* ( ! adult]at$ tra% or 8muck10 z x has be5 call$1 w\ld be driv5 f ! m>ket1 & none w\ld rejoice m at su* a result ?an ! col\r manufactur]s !mselves4 ,! writ] has no connection )1 or int]e/ 91 ^! manufactur]s1 b x is only fair to ass]t t !y are z desir\s t ! trade %\ld use pure col\rs z ! pa9t]s c possibly be4 ,ev5 ! bigge/ h\ses produce *eap grades ( col\rs1 & ?is !y d1 z a rule1 almo/ "u a prote/ & simply because !y are compell$ by pa9t]s dem&+ col\rs = c]ta9 l[ prices1 f> bel[ t :i* x w\ld be possible to produce ! pure article4 ,our advice1 !n1 to pa9t]s is1 make a c>eful comp>ison betwe5 ! pure col\r & ! "o y are us+4 ,at ! same "t1 comp>e ! prices & !n see :i* is *eap] to use4 ,if ev5 !y come out at ! same price1 rememb] t by us+ a pure col\r y w h all ! b5efit ( t purity ( tone s necess>y = ! execution ( good "w4 ,! fir/ ?+ to be done 9 te/+ any pa9t mat]ial is to h a /&>d4 ,!re mu/ be no d\bt ab\t ?is4 ,unless we h 9 ea* case some?+ ) :i* to comp>e ! p>ticul> sample ( col\r t is be+ exam9$1 we %all h no useful in=mation conc]n+ x4 ,take1 !re=e1 good decorators' col\rs ( well kn[n make4 ,if necess>y pur*ase small tubes ( ! be/ col\rs1 su* z are put up = arti/s4 ,?is w be r a sev]e trial b /ill x w af=d a /&>d4 ,hav+ su* samples & go+ ?r\gh ! te/s we are ab\t to describe1 ! pa9t] c1 aft] "s am\nt ( tr\ble1 arrive at results :i* are almo/ z accurate z ^? :i* c\ld be d$uc$ by a *emi/4 ,an exp]t on ?is "q "s ye>s ago summ>is$ ! *>act]i/ics ( col\rs :i* %\ld be consid]$ 9 mak+ ! exam9ation1 "u ! foll[+ heads3-- #a4 ,purity ( ! mat]ial4 #b4 ,purity ( ! tone2 brilliancy2 ri*ness1 :i* indicate ! am\nt ( c>e 9 selection4 #c4 ,f95ess ( gr9d+ or prep>ation2 ?is means ! degree ( ! division ( ! p>ticles & ^u ! complet5ess ( su* division w dep5d4 #d4 ,its spread+ capacity4 #e4 ,its body4 ,?is applies1 ( c\rse1 only to opaque or semi-opaque col\rs4 ,body is opacity1 & means capacity to conceal ! surface to :i* ! pa9t is appli$1 & mu/ n be confus$ ) spread+4 ,x is an inh]5t quality4 #f4 ,its /a9+ p[] or t9t+ /r5g? ) :ite or col\rs4 #g4 ,! quality ( purity ( ! t9t ) :ite4 #h4 ,if a pa/e col\r1 ! consi/5cy ( ! pa/e4 #i4 ,transp>5cy ( transp>5t col\rs & ! quality ( ! transp>5cy4 #aj4 ,! p]man5cy ( ! col\r4 ,x w be obs]v$ t all ( ^! te/s w n necess>ily be appli$ to e col\r4 ,= in/ance1 a transp>5t col\r w\ld be te/$ = its transp>5cy b cle>ly n = its body4 ,! "o condition is ! conv]se ( ! o!r4 ,we w n[ consid] ! above-nam$ qualities sep>ately4 ,,purity ,,( ,,! ,,mat]ial4--,?is is sometimes ( consid]able importance1 z 9 ! case ( :ite lead1 :il/ 9 o!rs--= example ! e>? col\rs--x c h>dly be said t !re is a /&>d ( purity4 ,z a rule a k ( practical *emi/ry is necess>y 9 ord] to det]m9e :e!r a sample ( pa9t or col\r is pure or n4 ,! purity ( :ite lead1 h[ev]1 c readily be asc]ta9$ by ! pa9t] :o possesses no *emical k1 viz41 by aid ( ! bl[-pipe4 ,take a piece ( flat *>coal & cut out a holl[ space f x into :i* place a small piece ( :ite lead to be te/$1 ab\t ! size ( a pea4 ,n[ direct ! flame ( a bl[-pipe ^u x1 us+ an ord9>y p>aff9 c&le or a ,buns5 burn]1 tak+ c>e t ! blue portion ( ! flame be>s ^u ! lead4 ,keep up a /eady bl[ = a few m9utes & ! :ite lead w be conv]t$ into metallic lead1 :i* w %[ 9 ! =m ( a bright silv]-l button4 ,if ! lead is adult]at$ ! bl[+ w only h ! result ( mak+ x appe> l a c9d]4 ,to conduct ?is exp]im5t successfully requires a little practice ) ! bl[-pipe 9 ord] to obta9 a /eady flame4 ,ano!r me?od ( te/+ is to place a little :ite lead 9 a crucible & place ?is on a hot fire1 :51 if g5u9e1 x w be conv]t$ into metallic lead4 ,a =m ( bl[-pipe t may be pur*as$ at mo/ ironmong]s' %ops consi/s ( a wood5 h&le ) a m\? piece fill$ ) cotton soak$ 9 b5z9e4 ,to ?is is atta*$ a rubb] tube ) a m\? piece4 ,?is bl[-pipe is v easily us$1 & may be successfully employ$ 9 te/+ ! purity ( :ite lead 9 ! mann] indicat$4 ,,purity ,,( ,,tone4--,"s rem>ks on ?is subject w be giv5 "u ! heads ( ! v>i\s gr\ps ( col\rs4 ,speak+ g5]ally1 ! ri*ness ( brilliancy ( tone is easily disc]nible by plac+ ! sample to be te/$ side by side ) ano!r ( well kn[n excell5ce4 ,9 si5nas1 o*res & umb]s ! selection ( crude mat]ial by :i* ! ri*ness ( tone is assur$ is ( great importance4 ,,f95ess ,,( ,,gr9d+4--,! me?od ( te/+ ! f95ess ( a pigm5t usually employ$ by ! pa9t] is to rub a little on ! f+] nail2 b ?is is a crude & unreliable me?od4 ,if ! pigm5t is dry & x is desir$ to comp>e x = f95ess ) a simil> pigm5t or :ite lead1 ! foll[+ is z good a plan z any3-- ,take two tall v]tical glass j>s1 place 9 !m an equal quantity ( turp5t9e1 & !n take a small quantity ( ! :ite lead to be te/$4 ,place x 9 "o j>1 & an equal quantity ( ! pigm5t ) :i* x is to be comp>$1 9 ! o!r2 ?or\ghly /ir up bo? & !n note ! "t x takes ! samples to settle4 ,if graduat$ m>ks are made on ! two j>s ! obs]vations w be tak5 m readily4 ,ano!r te/ is to weigh out equal quantities ( ! two leads1 & !n to take a v small quantity ( ! same col\r1 say black1 & add to ea* sample1 ?or\ghly mix+4 ,! lead t is ! lighte/ 9 col\r w be ! f9e/4 ,! explanation ( ?is is some:at int]e/+4 ,suppose t we h a numb] ( cubes ( :ite lead ea* measur+ "o in* side4 ,?is w give u six sup]ficial in*es to be col\r$4 ,n[ suppose t we break up ^! in* cubes into half in* cubes1 :i* w give eight half in* cubes to ea* in* cube4 ,n[ z ea* half in* cube has six faces measur+ half an in* by half an in*1 x has a sup]ficial surface ( ?ree squ>e in*es2 & z !re are eight ( ! half in* cubes1 !re are tw5ty-f\r sup]ficial in*es to be col\r$ aga9/ six 9 ! in* cubes4 ,x w be se51 !re=e1 t by increas+ ! f95ess ( a pigm5t a great] surface is pres5t$ to be col\r$1 & h5ce m col\r is requir$4 ,ano!r te/ = f95ess is to pa9t diff]5t samples ?9n$ 9 turp5t9e on plate glass2 :5 dry ! two specim5s may be comp>$ & ! diff]5ce ( f95ess betwe5 !m w soon be app>5t4 ,/ill ano!r te/1 & "o frequ5tly us$ by pa9t]s1 is to place a quantity ( ! col\r gr\nd 9 oil t is to be te/$ ^u a level surface su* z a piece ( glass1 & to run ! blade ( a spatula or palette knife ov] x & !n ov] ano!r sample ) :i* x is to be comp>$1 notic+ c>efully ! diff]5ce 9 appe>ance ( ! two samples4 ,by ^! means ! pres5ce ( grit is discov]$4 ,,spread+ ,,capacity ,,or ,,cov]+ ,,p[]4--,! spread+ capacity ( pigm5ts & _! 8body0 are v ne>ly relat$1 al?\gh ( two equal 9 body "o may possess great] cov]+ p[] or spread+ capacity ?an ! o!r4 ,a practical me?od ( te/+ cov]+ p[] is to mix a small quantity ( a /&>d pa9t & an exactly simil> quantity ( ! pigm5t to be te/$1 tak+ c>e to use precisely ! same am\nt ( oil & ?9n]s 9 ea* case4 ,!n1 tak+ a clean bru% = ea* ( ! pa9ts1 pa9t a door1 or o!r surface t has be5 prim$1 on two panels side by side1 cont9u+ to pa9t till all ! pigm5t has be5 9 ea* case us$ up4 ,! "o t goes f>!/ has ! great] cov]+ p[]4 ,9 comp>+ ! two x w be well to notice :e!r ! body is equal 9 bo? cases1 z "o may g f>!r b n cov] s well4 ,,body4--,! ^w 8body0 z appli$ to pigm5ts is almo/ synonym\s ) opaqu5ess4 ,x is ! mo/ important prop]ty ( a pigm5t1 & x is because :ite lead possesses ! quality 9 an em95t degree t x is s mu* valu$4 ,body is sometimes call$ 8cov]+ p[]10 b ?is t]m is a little mislead+1 z "s may suppose x to relate to ! spread+ capacity ( ! pigm5t4 ,if two diff]5t :ite leads gr\nd 9 oil to an equal consi/5cy are appli$ to diff]5t panels ( a door1 prim$ 9 ! same mann]1 ! "o ( ! two leads t possesses ! bett] body w be %[n by x hid+ ! gra9 ( ! wood bett]4 ,"s :ite leads1 especially ^? t are manufactur$ by ! new processes1 lack ?is important quality ( body1 & ?ree coats w only cov] ! "w z well z ab\t two ( old process :ite lead4 ,!re are numb] ( me?ods ( practically te/+ ! 8body0 ( pigm5ts1 among ! simple/ be+ ! foll[+4 ,prime & pa9t a bo>d ) alt]nate black & :ite squ>es1 l a *ess or draught bo>d4 ,take a sample ( a pigm5t1 simil> to t to be te/$1 ( :i* ! body is kn[n to be good1 & pa9t a wide /rip across ! *ess bo>d2 !n pa9t a small] /rip ( ! pigm5t to be te/$4 ,:5 bo? /rips are dry1 by comp>+ !m "o c tell almo/ at a glance :i* has ! bett] body1 ! sup]ior pigm5t cov]+ or hid+ ! black squ>es bett] ?an ! o!r4 ,a second coat may aft]w>d be appli$ to ea* ov] a portion ( ! /rip1 if desir$4 ,x is important to notice t 9 all cases ( practically te/+ pa9ts ! results are obta9$ by comp>isons be+ made1 & h5ce x is necess>y 9 e case to h a /&>d ) :i* to comp>e ! sample to be te/$4 ,! te/ ( pa9t+ ov] squ>es ( black & :ite may be v>i$ by us+ /ripes in/ead4 ,! te/ answ]s equally well = :ite lead1 z9c1 li?opone1 or any col\r ( :i* ! quality ( body is ( importance4 ,9 "s col\rs x is ( little mom5t4 ,,t9t+ ,,or ,,/a9+ ,,/r5g?4--,we h already expla9$ at l5g? h[ greatly ! t9t+ /r5g? ( diff]5t col\rs or /a9s v>ies4 ,any pa9t] c te/ ! t9t+ /r5g? ( any col\r himself 9 a v simple mann]4 ,all t is necess>y is to h a pair ( apo!c>ies' scales1 "s blott+ pap]1 a palette knife1 "s pieces ( glass or a flat piece ( m>ble & "s pieces ( wax$ pap]4 ,fir/ weigh out say eighty gra9s ( dry :ite lead or dry z9c4 ,any o!r :ite w answ] equally well4 ,place ^! eighty gra9s on "o side ( ! glass & ! second eighty gra9s on ! o!r4 ,n[ take ! dry col\r & weigh "o gra9 & add t to "o ( ! little piles ( :ite1 !n weigh a gra9 ( ! /&>d col\r & add t to ! o!r pile4 ,n[ add to ea* pile a few drops ( oil1 tak+ c>e t ! numb] ( drops is ! same 9 ea* case4 ,) ! palette knife ?or\ghly mix until no /reaks c be se5 & ! mixture is p]fectly uni=m4 ,!n by comp>+ ! two ! diff]5ce 9 t9t+ /r5g? w at once be app>5t4 ,! same result w\ld h be5 produc$ _h ord9>y :ite lead gr\nd 9 oil be5 us$ in/ead ( dry lead or z9c4 ,if ! col\r is gr\nd 9 oil a little diff]5ce 9 ! me?od mu/ be obs]v$1 ! reason be+ t "o col\r might be gr\nd mu* ?ick] ?an ! o!r1 9 o!r words1 might conta9 mu* m oil ?an ! o!r1 & h5ce if equal weights ( ea* 7 comp>$ ! result w\ld be mislead+4 ,take !n ea* col\r 9 oil--t is ! /&>d & ! col\r ) :i* x is to be comp>$--place on a small quantity ( blott+ pap] & all[ x to rema9 a few m9utes s t ! oil may be extract$4 ,if x is ?\ght necess>y ! sample c be wa%$ ) b5z9e1 b = pa9t]s' purposes ! extraction ( ! oil by means ( blott+ pap] is suffici5t = ! purpose4 ,! two samples hav+ rema9$ on ! blott+ pap] = a %ort "t "o gra9 ( ea* is weigh$ out sep>ately on little pieces ( wax pap]1 ?is be+ us$ s t ! col\r %all n /ick to ! scale4 ,!n ea* gra9 is mix$ sep>ately ) ! :ite & ! result comp>$ z be=e4 ,x is n too mu* to say t e pa9t] %\ld be prep>$ to make ?is te/ because x in=ms him n only z to ! t9t+ /r5g? ( ! col\r b also gives valuable in=mation z to ! tone1 etc4 ,( c\rse ! quantities may be v>i$ if necess>y1 & a l>g] am\nt us$ in/ead ( ! s+le gra9s4 ,x ne$ h>dly be po9t$ out t scrupul\s cleanl9ess is necess>y = successfully c>ry+ out ?is te/4 ,! palette knife mu/ be wip$ betwe5 ea* op]ation & e c>e tak5 to d ju/ice to bo? samples4 ,if ! read] w turn to ! samples ( col\r issu$ 9 ?is "w he w see a numb] ( col\rs giv5 9 _! full /r5g?1 & also :5 r$uc$ ) c]ta9 p>ts ( :ite1 z m>k$ ^u ! %eets4 ,! col\rs us$ 9 ! prep>ation ( ?is %eet 7 ( av]age quality1 & x w prove int]e/+ no d\bt to ! /ud5t to mix ! col\r he has be5 9 ! habit ( us+ 9 ! same proportion ) :ite & to note :e!r ! results come out above or bel[ ^? %[n by our samples4 ,,! ,,p]man5ce ,,( ,,col\rs4--,x mu/ be admitt$ t x is v disappo9t+ to a pa9t] to f9d1 aft] tak+ pa9s to produce ! exact col\r requir$1 t x flies or fades aft] a little exposure to ! wea!r4 ,! te/s = ! p]man5ce ( a col\r :5 expos$ to light are simple en\gh & are to mix a little ( ! col\rs to be te/$ 9 oil & to spread !m on diff]5t slips ( pap]1 cut ! pap] 9 half1 numb] ea* half ) correspond+ figures or lett]s1 expose "o half to a /rong light = z long z may be deem$ desirable & put ! o!r half away into a safe place :]e ! light does n p5etrate4 ,wax$ pap] is ! be/1 z x w n absorb ! ?9n]s or1 bett] /ill1 glass may be us$1 ?is be+ cut across ) a diamond aft] ! pa9t has be5 appli$4 ,x ne$ h>dly be said t ! p]man5ce ( wat] col\rs is entirely diff]5t f t ( oil col\rs4 ,"s v useful exp]im5ts 7 made sev]al ye>s ago by ,capt4 ,,abney on ! p]man5ce ( wat] col\rs1 & ^! 7 publi%$ 9 ! =m ( a blue book4 ,z f> z pigm5ts are conc]n$1 we consid] t yell[ o*res1 si5nas1 umb]1 ,v&yke br[n1 & ! e>? col\rs g5]ally are p]man5t1 z are ,v5etian r$1 ,indian r$1 *rome yell[1 & lemon yell[4 ,ultram>9e1 ,prussian blue & v]milion are also p]man5t or ne>ly s4 ,we may n[ take ea* col\r sep>ately foll[+ ! ord] tak5 by ! late ,mr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,,wilson1 :o arrang$ ! above quot$ table 9 conjunction ) ! au?or4 ,,gre5s4 ,,*rome ,,gre54--,?is col\r is (t5 made by ! addition ( a base su* z b>ytes1 b ! pres5ce ( ?is mat]ial is n at all necess>y1 al?\gh ! pres5ce ( ! e>? = "s reason assi/s 9 produc+ ! mixture ( ,prussian blue & *rome yell[ :i* is us$ to produce *rome gre54 ,a numb] ( diff]5t %ades ( *rome gre5 are sold1 usually designat$ pale1 mid 7middle or m$ium7 & deep4 ,! t9t+ /r5g? %\ld be te/$ by mix+ "o "p ( gre5 to1 say1 a hundr$ p>ts ( :ite lead or z9c1 z expla9$ else:]e1 or tw5ty-five p>ts ( lead may be us$ to "o "p ( gre54 ,if x is desir$ to f9d out ! relative /r5g? = t9t+ purposes ( ! gre51 x c be done v simply 9 ! foll[+ mann]1 b ! pa9t] mu/ h a pair ( apo!c>ies' scales1 9 ord] to weigh ! diff]5t quantities4 ,take fir/ ! same quantity ( ! gre5 :i* is be+ te/$ z t ( ! /&>d4 ,if ! col\r is n s deep add m gre5 ea* "t1 & m & m until ! two samples are exactly ! same t9t4 ,by comp>+ ! weights ! exp]im5t] w h accurately ! relative value ( ! two gre5s = col\r+ purposes4 ,! te/ = body ( ! gre5 is p]=m$ 9 almo/ exactly ! same way z t already describ$ = :ite lead4 ,prime a bo>d ?or\ghly s t !re may be no absorption1 pa9t across ! c5tre ( x a /ripe ( :ite & by its side a /ripe ( black4 ,:5 ?is is ?or\ghly dry take ! two gre5s2 t is1 ! /&>d & ! "o be+ te/$4 ,!n mix bo? ) exactly ! same am\nt ( oil & turp5t9e4 ,take a clean bru% = ea* & pa9t ov] ! black & :ite /ripes4 ,! "o :i* has ! greate/ body w1 ( c\rse1 hide ! /ripes bett] ?an ! o!r "o4 ,! exp]im5t is simple1 & is v useful z a body t9t4 ,,bronze ,,gre54--,?is col\r is usually mix$ by ! pa9t] & n b\ght ready made1 al?\gh all manufactur]s make bronze gre5s4 ,quak] gre5 is practically ! same ?+4 ,! mixture usually employ$ is o*re1 lamp black & a little yell[4 ,! *rome %\ld be ei!r yell[ or orange1 b n lemon4 ,bronze gre5s may be made 9 a l>ge v>iety by v>y+ ! quantities ( ! col\rs mix$ & by introduc+ si5na1 umb] or ,indian r$ 9 small quantities z may be requir$4 ,! col\r is v ri*1 & _m *eap bronze gre5s consi/ ( a consid]able quantity ( adult]ation4 ,,em]ald ,,gre54--,?is is mo/ entirely )\t body1 b is ! mo/ brilliant gre5 kn[n4 ,x is !re=e sometimes us$ :]e brightness is requir$4 ,:5 gr\nd 9 oil ! te/ = purity is to dissolve x ) b5z9e & :5 ! dry p[d] is obta9$ to treat x ) /rong ammonia4 ,x w ?us entirely dissolve if pure1 giv+ a deep blue col\r4 ,,v5etian1 ,,indian ,,& ,,tuscan ,,r$s1 ,,etc4 ,^! col\rs may be class$ z ! iron col\rs1 consi/+ l>gely ( oxide ( iron4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t o*res & umb]s also receive _! col\r+ f iron4 ,analysis gives b little in=mation conc]n+ ! value ( ?is gr\p ( col\rs4 ,!y =m economical pa9ts1 especially z !y spread well4 ,! proportion ( oxide ( iron conta9$ is (t5 consid]$ to be an indication ( quality1 b ?is ref]s p>ticul>ly to cases :]e pa9t is to be us$ on iron4 ,! te/s ( value to ! pa9t] are body & f95ess ( gr9d+1 :i* may be te/$ 9 ! usual way4 ,oxide pa9ts are usually sold z su* 9 ?ree %ades4 ,a ,v5etian r$ is light] ?an an ,indian r$1 :i*1 9 comp>ison1 %\ld h a purpli% t9t4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ 9 ?is class ( col\rs t a comp>ison ( ! same %ades mu/ be made if any useful result is to be obta9$4 ,,tuscan ,,r$ is a mixture ( ,indian r$ ) "s sort ( lake col\r 9 ord] to secure brilliancy4 ,?is brilliancy =ms an important feature ( ! te/2 body %\ld also be asc]ta9$1 & f95ess ( gr9d+ is also important4 ,tuscan r$1 :i* is co>se1 may lose its ri*ness :5 gr\nd f9e4 ,,v]milion ,,& ,,v]milionettes4--,_m ( ! imitation v]milions consi/ ( orange r$1 t is1 a sup]ior r$ lead col\r$ ) eos9e1 :i* is ! "n ( "o ( ! coal t> col\rs4 ,speak+ g5]ally1 ! sc>let col\rs are m p]man5t ?an ^? hav+ a crimson t+e4 ,x is important to "k t ! t9t+ /r5g? = _m v]milionettes is no indication ( _! quality or r1 p]haps x %\ld be said t )9 reasonable limits ! bett] /a9]s !y are1 ! worse col\rs !y w prove to be4 ,?is is because b>ytes or "s o!r m9]al may be sub/itut$ = ! orange r$ & !n ! eos9e w g f>!r 9 /a9+4 ,,r$ ,,lead4--,e pa9t] kn[s t ! great objection to ! use ( r$ lead is t x w h>d5 quickly4 ,we recomm5d t on l>ge jobs arrangem5ts %\ld be made ) a manufactur] to supply a suffici5t quantity = two or ?ree days4 ,x %\ld be well gr\nd to a ?9 pa/e 9 ! proportion (1 say1 ab\t "o p\nd ( oil to five p\nds ( r$ lead4 ,! usual mann] ( pa9t+ iron1 etc41 9 r$ lead is to fir/ give a prim+ coat ( pure lead & !n a second coat ( any col\r desir$4 ,an excell5t second coat is =m$ ( equal p>ts by weight ( r$ lead & good iron oxide4 ,any f9i%+ coat may be appli$4 ,,indian ,,r$4--,?is is %[n by analysis to consi/ almo/ :olly ( oxide ( iron4 ,! pal] ,indian r$ is1 ! great] is its t9t+ /r5g? & ! rosi] is ! t9t obta9$ f x by mix+ x ) :ite4 ,indian r$ %\ld be always te/$ = f95ess & t9t4 ,,*romes4 ,!re are _m %ades ( *rome yell[s sold1 ! mo/ usual be+ lemon1 m$ium & orange *romes1 sometimes call$ #a1 #b1 & #c4 ,! o!r %ades are sold "u v>i\s names1 dep5d+ ^u ! manufactur]4 ,x is advisable t ! pa9t] %\ld always h on h& ! light] %ades1 z al?\gh x might appe> at fir/ sight t on mix+ ! deep] %ades ) :ite he w\ld get ! same result1 z a matt] ( fact !re is a consid]able diff]5ce4 ,z not$ else:]e1 *romes mu/ n be mix$ ) ultram>9e4 ,! pale *romes *ange col\r quick] ?an ! d>k] %ades4 ,pale *rome %\ld nev] be us$ on fre% pla/]1 al?\gh orange *romes may4 ,9 ! deep] %ades ( *rome orange r$ is sometimes us$ z an admixture or adult]ant1 b ?is is n a good /a9]4 ,! te/ = a *rome is t9t+ /r5g?1 tak+ c>e to make a comp>ison ) ! same grade ( col\rs1 t is1 light1 m$ium or orange *rome4 ,f95ess is ano!r important te/4 ,plac+ a small quantity on glass & pass+ a palette knife ov] x & press+ firmly w detect grit if pres5t4 ,9 ! light] *romes x is well to look = ! greyness ( tone :i* is objectionable4 ,*romes mix well ) :ite lead & are /rong 9 body4 ,,o*res4--,analysis is ( no value 9 det]m9+ ! value ( an o*re4 ,sometimes *rome yell[ is us$ to tone x up4 ,! col\r is an important feature1 z is also ! f95ess4 ,,blacks4 ,!re are a numb] ( blacks on ! m>ket1 drop black1 ivory black1 blue black1 vegetable black1 c>bon black1 etc4 ,! subject ( _! te/s is a some:at intricate "o1 b its t9t+ /r5g? c be readily asc]ta9$ by mix+ ) :ite lead or z9c 9 ! mann] already describ$4 ,!y are frequ5tly adult]at$ ) b>ytes4 ,,blues4 ,prussian blue is "o ( ! mo/ important us$ by ! pa9t]4 ,x is v /rong & a little goes a long way4 ,x mu/ be v f9ely gr\nd or x is likely to settle out4 ,a pure ,prussian blue has a ri* bronze appe>ance :5 look$ at f c]ta9 po9ts ( view4 ,! t9t made by mix+ ) :ite %\ld be cle> & free f any lead5 or gray appe>ance4 ,"s ,prussian blues h a c]ta9 r$ or purpli% ca/ :i* _c be remov$4 ,^! %\ld be avoid$1 z if a purple is requir$ x is a simple matt] to add a little r$ to ! blue to produce ! desir$ col\r4 ,z %[n 9 our samples ( pa9t1 "o "p 9 a hundr$ ( good ,prussian blue gives a di/9ct sky blue4 ,,ultram>9e4--,z expla9$ else:]e1 ?is col\r _c be mix$ ) :ite lead4 ,:]e x is necess>y to make a t9t1 z9c :ite %\ld be employ$ 9 pref]5ce4 ,,umb]s ,,& ,,si5nas4 ,! col\r %\ld be a ri* br[n r ?an a r$ ca/4 ,9 si5nas prep>$ = gra9]s' use1 x is important t !y be transp>5t r ?an opaque4 ,ri*ness & quality ( t9t %\ld be consid]$ r ?an ! body4 ,,notes4 ,speak+ r\ghly1 ab\t "o-?ird ( ! value ( a common pa9t+ job w be = lab\r & ! re/ = mat]ial4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a good prim+ coat = wood may be compos$ ( t5 p\nds :ite lead1 two ounces r$ lead1 two ounces dri]s1 & f\r p9ts ( l9se$ oil4 ,! foll[+ coats hav+ ab\t two p9ts ( turp5t9e in/ead ( an equal quantity ( l9se$ oil & ! r$ lead be+ omitt$4 ,a mixture = remov+ old pa9t is made by tak+ "o p\nd soda & qu>t] p\nd quicklime & mix+ to ! consi/5cy ( cream4 ,?is is appli$ to ! pa9t "w ) an old bru% & left = ab\t an h\r :5 x w be f\nd to h s(t5$ ! pa9t :i* w readily wa% (f4 ,! "w may !n be wa%$ d[n ) weak v9eg> & wat]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"o gallon ( oil v>ni% may1 = ! purposes ( calculation1 be tak5 to cov] sixty-f\r squ>e y>ds4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sev5 p\nds ( ord9>y :ite lead pa9t may be tak5 to cov] r m ?an ?irty squ>e y>ds = ! fir/ coat & =ty-five y>ds aft]w>ds4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sev5 p\nds ( oxide ( iron pa9t w1 if good1 cov] ab\t eighty squ>e y>ds on iron1 b ! quality ( oxide v>ies consid]ably4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to prev5t pla/] ( ,p>is f sett+ quickly mix ) glue wat] in/ead ( ord9>y pure wat]4 ,?is w ret>d ! sett+ consid]ably4 ,a ,,good ,,size ,,= ,,pla/]$ ,,walls4--,make two solutions1 ! fir/ to consi/ ( "o & "o-qu>t] p\nds ( glue1 dissolv$ 9 f\r gallons ( wat]2 ! second to consi/ ( "o ounce ( borax1 five ounces ( wa%+ soda & tw5ty ounces ( p[d]$ ros9 add$ to five qu>ts ( boil+ wat]1 & to be kept boil+ & /irr$ until all is dissolv$4 ,to ?irty p>ts by measure ( ! fir/ solution add "o "p ( ! second & boil !m toge!r = ab\t "o-qu>t] ( an h\r2 take f ! fire & /ra92 :5 x is ready = use4 ,?is size is an excell5t "o = ! purpose4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,walnut ,,/a94--,mix 9 a qu>t ( hot wat] a qu>t] ( a p\nd ( ,turkey umb] & add two tablespoons ( turp5t9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,light ,,oak ,,/a94--,gr9d f9e 9 wat] half a p\nd ( raw ,turkey umb] & half a p\nd ( ,dut* p9k4 ,dilute ) "o gallon ( wat] & add half a p9t ( v9eg>4 ,:5 v]milion is us$ 9 di/emp] x is necess>y to /ir x up n[ & aga9 z ! col\r s9ks to ! bottom4 99 99 99 99 99 ,cleanl9ess %\ld be ! fir/ & =emo/ rule = e pa9t]4 ,x has be5 said t if x 7 n = ! flies & ! smoke ! pr9cipal "p ( ! pa9t]s' occupation w\ld be gone4 ,x may be tak5 z a safe rule t all old "w %\ld be ?or\ghly wa%$ d[n ) clean wat] be=e repa9t+4 ,?is pays ev5 ) /ucco or outside cem5t "w4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a good prim+ coat = "w t is to be f9i%$ 9 v]milion is made by mix+ bright ,v5etian r$ & :ite lead ) boil$ l9se$ oil4 ,,w9d[ ,,glass4 ,,rules ,,z ,,to ,,fractional ,,p>ts ,,( ,,an ,,in*4 ,,briti% ,,plate4--,pilk+ton's 8,glass ,cutt]'s ,assi/ant0 gives ! foll[+3 ,poli%$1 ,silv]$1 & ,r\gh ,ca/4 ,all fractional p>ts ( in*es w be *>g$ z full in*es1 e4g41 #aje #eg be reckon$ z #ajf #eh4 ,,roll$ ,,plate ,,glass4--,e fraction above ( an in* is *>g$ z an in*1 e4g41 #dg #bj is reckon$ #dg #bj #eh #cb #ei #cc ,,all ,,o!r ,,k9ds ,,( ,,w9d[ ,,glass4-- in* & "u1 z 2 e4g41 #ad #aj is reckon$ z #ad #aj to in*1 z 2 #ad #aj #ad #aj to in*1 z 2 #ad #aj #ad #aj to #a in*1 z #a2 #ad #aj #ae #aa ,,specific ,,gravity4 ,"o ( ! be/ te/s = l9se$ oil is its weight or specific gravity4 ,! latt] t]m is n s well und]/ood among pa9t]s z x might be4 ,a few words ( explanation may !re=e be giv54 ,"o hundr$ gallons ( pure wat] :5 weigh$ :5 ! temp]ature is at #fj deg4 ,f4 weigh exactly #a1jjjlbs4 ,?is is tak5 z ! /&>d ( specific gravity = all liquids1 & a scale or hydromet] is bas$ ^u x4 ,"o hundr$ gallons ( boil$ l9se$ oil at #fj degs4 ,f4 weigh only #idjlbs41 & ! specific gravity ( l9se$ oil is !re=e said to be #idj4 ,z x w\ld be practically impossible to weigh z mu* z #ajj galls4 ( ! liquid :i* x 0 desir$ to te/ = specific gravity1 an in/rum5t call$ ! hydromet] is us$ = ! purpose4 ,?is floats 9 ! liquid & be>s a scale s t a portion ( x /&s out ( su* liquid4 ,:5 put 9 pure wat]1 ! indicator w\ld %[1 ( c\rse1 at #a1jjj1 & 9 boil$ l9se$ oil #idj1 & 9 raw l9se$ oil x w\ld %[ ab\t #ibb1 :i* is ! specific gravity ( raw oil4 ,cotton se$ oil raw is ! same z raw l9se$ oil1 namely #ibb2 colza oil is #iae4 ,9 actual practice ! specific gravity ( oil is tak5 by means ( a bottle or flask :i* is weigh$ :5 full ( oil & !n comp>$ ) ! weight ( ! same bottle full ( wat]4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,recipes1 ,,tables1 ,,h9ts ,,& ,,notes ,! au?or tru/s t he has made x cle> to ! read] t ! subject ( pa9t & col\r mix+ is f> m compreh5sive ?an might at fir/ sight appe>4 ,yet x is ( su* great importance t e h\se pa9t] wor?y ( ! "n %\ld make himself acqua9t$ ) x1 &1 unless he be col\r bl9d1 he c d s )\t difficulty if he w only take ! tr\ble to make a numb] ( te/s & exp]im5ts4 ,9 8putt+ on10 i4e41 engag+ ! s]vices ( j\rneyman1 ! ma/] pa9t] w f9d1 z a rule1 t only ab\t "o 9 tw5ty has any k ( col\r mix+1 yet ^! m5 c\ld1 if !y w\ld only d s1 easily make !mselves at lea/ fairly pr(ici5t 9 ! subject by devot+ _! sp>e "t to mak+ v>i\s mixtures & us+ a box ( ord9>y arti/s' oil col\rs = ! purpose4 ,a v good box c be pur*as$ = ab\t t5 %ill+s4 ,hav+ giv5 "s practical te/s = col\rs1 we may n[ add "o or two = turp5t9e4 ,,to ,,te/ ,,! ,,purity ,,( ,,turp5t9e4--,x is ( consid]able importance t turp5t9e us$ = pa9t+ %\ld be q pure4 ,to te/ ! purity 9 a practical way p\r a few drops on a %eet ( :ite writ+ pap]2 if x is pure ! m>k w evaporate 9 a few m9utes1 leav+ ! pap] q clean4 ,if1 h[ev]1 p>aff9 oil has be5 add$ to ! turp5t9e x w leave a greasy m>k on ! pap]1 :i* w n disappe> = sev]al h\rs or ev5 days4 ,turp5t9e is sometimes adult]at$ ) b5z9e4 ,! te/ above w n detect ?is1 z ! b5z9e w n leave a greasy m>k4 ,! evaporation1 h[ev]1 w be m rapid ?an :5 ! turp5t9e is pure4 ,:5 turp5t9e is v old1 x becomes 8gummy0 or ?ick1 & is unsuitable = mix+ ) pa9t4 ,?is condition is indicat$ by a greasy m>k left on writ+ pap] :5 a few drops are p\r$ ^u x4 ,ano!r v simple te/ = ! purity ( turp5t9e is to place a sample 9 a small :ite bottle & %ake vigor\sly1 c>efully obs]v+ ! "t t x takes ! bubbles t arise f ! agitation to disappe>4 ,if ! turp5t9e is adult]at$ ) p>aff9 oil ! bubbles w hold long] ?an :5 x is pure4 ,! be/ plan is to h a bottle conta9+ pure turp5t9e & ano!r conta9+ ! suspect$ sample1 & to %ake up bo? toge!r1 comp>+ ! rapidity ) :i* ! bubbles disappe>4 ,p>aff9 oil is also sometimes detect$ by smell3 p\r a c\ple ( drops on ! palm ( ! h&1 rub ! two h&s briskly toge!r1 :5 ! *>act]i/ic smell ( p>aff9 w be easily detect$ if any consid]able am\nt be pres5t4 ,turp5t9e is sometimes adult]at$ ) ros9 _s1 & ?is c only be detect$ by means ( analysis4 ,,l9se$ ,,oil4--,to asc]ta9 ) absolute c]ta9ty :e!r a sample ( l9se$ oil is pure or n is by no means easy1 & c only be done by aid ( *emi/ry4 ,!re are v>i\s me?ods by :i* ! adult]ation c be asc]ta9$1 b we hesitate to pr9t !m "h1 because !y may prove mislead+ to ! un9itiat$4 ,! exp]i5c$ pa9t] has two te/s ( 8 own1 viz41 smell & ! work+ ( ! oil1 & if ^! lead him to suppose x is adult]at$ 8 only safe plan is to obta9 ! s]vices ( a compet5t *emi/4 ,we next rea* a consid]ation ( ! diff]5t qualities ( ! pr9cipal pigm5ts1 & c be/ %[ ^! by means ( tables4 ,,pigm5ts4 ,,"s ,,useful ,,tables4 ,,pigm5ts ,,liable ,,to ,,*ange ,,"u ,,! ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,sulphurett$ ,,hydrog51 ,,air1 ,,& ,,moi/ure3 ,yell[4--,turn]'s yell[1 *rome yell[1 m9]al yell[1 ,naples yell[4 ,:ite4--,crem9tz :ite1 flake :ite1 pe>l :ite4 ,r$4--,r$ lead1 purple r$1 iod9e sc>let4 ,gre54--,v]digris1 ,s*eele's gre51 em]ald gre51 m\nta9 gre54 ,blue4--,prussian blue1 ,antw]p blue4 ,orange4--,orange *rome4 ,,pigm5ts ,,little ,,liable ,,to ,,*ange ,,"u ,,! ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,sulphurett$ ,,hydrog51 ,,air ,,& ,,mixture3 ,:ite4--,z9c :ite1 con/ant :ite1 t9 :ite4 ,r$4--,v]milion1 r$ o*re1 ,indian r$1 madd] lakes4 ,yell[4--,yell[ o*re1 b>ium *romate1 z9c *romate1 aureol91 raw si5na4 ,gre54--,*rome gre51 cobalt gre54 ,blue4--,ultram>9e1 smalt1 ,!n>d's blue4 ,br[n4--,v&yke br[n1 raw umb]1 burnt umb]1 manganese br[n1 sepia4 ,black4--,ivory black1 lamp black1 ,indian ink1 graphite4 ,orange4--,orange v]milion1 burnt si5na4 ,,pigm5t ,,liable ,,to ,,det]ioration ,,:5 ,,9 ,,contact ,,) ,,:ite ,,lead1 ,,*rome ,,or ,,o!r ,,lead ,,pigm5t3 ,yell[4--,yell[ orpim5t1 k+'s yell[1 ,indian yell[1 gamboge4 ,r$4--,iod9e sc>let1 co*9eal1 c>m9e4 ,orange4--,gold5 antimony sulphide1 orange orpim5t4 ,gre54--,sap gre54 ,blue4--,ultram>9e4 ,,pigm5ts ,,:i* ,,are ,,little ,,affect$ ,,by ,,heat1 ,,& ,,:i* ,,may ,,be ,,employ$ ,,:5 ,,! ,,mat]ial ,,has ,,to ,,/& ,,fire3 ,:ite4--,t9 :ite1 b>ium :ite1 z9c :ite4 ,r$4--,r$ o*re1 ,v5etian r$1 ,indian r$4 ,yell[4--,naples yell[1 antimony yell[4 ,blue4--,smalt & royal blue1 ultram>9e4 ,gre54--,*rome gre51 cobalt gre54 ,orange4--,burnt si5na1 burnt o*re4 ,br[n4--,burnt umb]1 manganese br[n4 ,black4--,graphite1 m9]al black4 ,,col\rs ,,t ,,may ,,be ,,us$ ,,) ,,lime3 ,:ite4--,p]man5t :ite1 i4e41 b>yta :ite1 gypsum1 z9c :ite4 ,r$4--,! v]milions1 light r$1 ,v5etian r$1 ,indian r$1 madd] lakes4 ,orange4--,cadmium1 orange *rome1 ,m>s orange1 burnt si5na1 burnt ,roman o*re1 light r$4 ,yell[4--,aureol91 cadmium yell[1 lemon yell[1 ,naples yell[1 ,m>s yell[1 raw si5na1 yell[ o*re1 ,roman o*re1 transp>5t gold o*re1 br[n o*re1 ,indian yell[1 ,ox=d o*re4 ,gre54--,oxide ( *romium1 transp>5t oxide ( *romium1 viridian1 em]ald gre51 mala*ite gre51 v]digris1 t]re v]te1 cobalt gre51 *rome gre54 ,blue4--,g5u9e ultram>9e1 artificial ultram>9e1 new blue1 p]man5t blue1 cobalt blue1 c]ulean blue1 smalt4 ,purple4--,purple madd]1 ,m>s violet4 ,br[n4--,bone br[n1 bi/re1 ,prussian br[n1 burnt umb]1 ,vi5na br[n1 ,v&yke br[n1 ,cologne e>?1 asphaltum1 ,cassel e>?1 manganese br[n4 ,citr9e4--,raw umb]1 ,m>s br[n4 ,blacks4--,ivory black1 lamp black1 blue black1 *>coal black1 ,cork black1 ,indian ink1 black lead1 drop black1 plumbago4 ,,bru%es4 ,we ?9k x well to include "h "s in=mation conc]n+ bru%es1 b may fir/ give a brief description ( ! way 9 :i* !y are made1 tak+ ! firm ( ,g4 ,b4 ,k5t ,sons1 ,ltd41 z an example1 z ! au?or _h ! pleasure ( go+ ov] _! factory "s "t s9ce4 ,! foll[+ is 8 acc\nt writt5 = 8,! ,decorators' ,magaz9e03-- ,a sup]ficial obs]v] may be incl9$ to ?9k !re is no p>ticul> advantage to ! pa9t] & decorator 9 possess+ a k z to h[ ! tools he uses are made4 ,yet su* a k may help him consid]ably 9 judg+ z to ! quality ( ^? tools1 & x w be at once ackn[l$g$ t an ability to discrim9ate 9 ?is respect is ( consid]able value4 ,= bru%es v>y greatly 9 quality1 f> m s1 p]haps1 ?an our read]s may imag9e possible4 ,ev]yone kn[s t !re are good bru%es t co/ m ?an a trifle1 & rubbi%y goods1 *iefly ( =eign make1 t c be b\ght =1 p]haps1 half ! am\nt4 ,probably !re is n a read] :o does n fully und]/& t x is f> bett] 9 ! end to buy ! be/ quality bru%es1 t is1 t x is *eap] to pay a high] price1 because ! "w ) su* bru%es c be done quick] & bett] ?an x c by ! inf]ior ones1 & also because ! sup]ior quality la/s mu* long]4 ,^? ?+s are well und]/ood among mo/ pa9t]s1 & ev5 if "s ( !m w use *eap /a9]s & lose money 9 consequ5ce1 !y h1 at lea/1 le>n$ ! lesson ( ! necessity ( us+ only be/ quality tools4 ,b x is n a comp>ison betwe5 high grade & l[ grade bru%es t we n[ want to make1 x is r to direct att5tion to ! diff]5ce t exi/s 9 ! actual quality ( s-call$ fir/-class tools ( diff]5t makes4 ,x is ?is diff]5ce ?an c be/ be und]/ood aft] inspect+ ! process ( bru% mak+1 & x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ t adult]ation c be c>ri$ on 9 ! manufacture ( bru%es to a consid]able ext5t4 ,take a common gr\nd bru% z an example4 ,! actual bru% "p %\ld consi/ :olly ( hog's bri/les1 = !re is no?+ yet discov]$ t gives bett] results4 ,yet !re are on ! m>ket _m bru%es m>k$ 8pure bri/le0 :i* really conta9 m or less a l>ge proportion ( horsehair or o!r mat]ial :i* makes a poor sub/itute1 b :i* _c be easily detect$1 9 fact1 x is ! difficulty ( detection :i* has probably giv5 rise to ! objectionable adult]ation ref]r$ to4 ,! objection to horsehair 9 a pa9t]'s bru% is t x is flabby & )\t spr+1 b its pres5ce 9 adult]at+ bru%es c be und]/ood :5 x is said t approximately ! price ( horsehair is #as4 #i;d4 to #bs4 #b;d41 & bri/les #hs4 to #is4 p] p\nd4 ,x c]ta9ly requires an exp]t to /ate positively :e!r horsehair is includ$ or n1 b !re are c]ta9 signs t1 ) c>e1 w det]m9e ! matt]1 at lea/ to a c]ta9 ext5t4 ,! real bri/le has its end split--call$ a 8flag0 end--! root end is consid]ably l>g] & _c be mi/ak54 ,! spr+ or ela/icity is ano!r indication ( ! bri/le4 ,! horsehair1 on ! o!r h&1 is ! same size bo? ends1 & has no flag end2 if ! suspect$ bri/les be view$ "u a /rong read+ glass ! diff]5ce c be told )\t a great deal ( difficulty4 ,at ! works ( ,messrs4 ,g4 ,b4 ,k5t ,sons1 ,ltd41 ! au?or 0 %[n h[ suspect$ bru%es s5t out _h be5 dissect$ & ! v>i\s p>ts divid$ up1 & x 0 surpris+ to see h[ mu* horsehair c\ld be includ$ 9 a bru% )\t giv+ x any out-(-!-way appe>ance4 ,!re 7 little piles ( horsehair ( diff]5t l5g?s1 :ile ! bri/les 7 all sort$ into o!r piles1 ea* ( diff]5t l5g?s4 ,photographs ( ! bru%es t h be5 dissect$ 9 ?is way h be5 di/ribut$ ?r\gh ! trade1 & !y h no d\bt prov$ ( use 9 %[+ pa9t]s t adult]ation 9 bru%es is c>ri$ on to almo/ z great an ext5t z x is 9 pa9t mat]ials4 ,no adult]ation :atev] 9 pa9t+ bru%es is p]mitt$ 9 ! factory ( ,g4 ,b4 ,k5t ,sons4 ,c]ta9ly ! bru% dep>tm5t 9 any bru% manufactory1 :i* is ( ! mo/ importance is ! bri/le room1 & x 0 to ?is t ! au?or 0 fir/ tak54 ,!re 7 bri/les ( _m diff]5t k9ds1 mo/ ( !m ti$ up into neat bundles ready to be aft]w>ds dealt )4 ,= in/ance1 ,sib]ian ,okatka1 & p]haps mo/ important to my read]s because !y make ! be/ pa9t bru%es1 hav+ an excell5t spr+ & be+ /iff4 ,!y are v co/ly & are r>ely us$ by !mselves1 nor is x necess>y1 because o!r v>ieties ( bri/les may be mix$ 91 & x is ?is mix+ or bl5d+ t con/itutes s important a "p 9 ! bru% manufactur]'s art4 ,inde$1 ! pur*ase & bl5d+ takes ye>s ( c>eful /udy to le>n4 ,"o class ( bri/le is introduc$ into ! mix+ to give /r5g?1 ano!r /raightness1 ano!r solidity1 ano!r col\r1 & x is ! judici\s bl5d+1 ! k ( :i* is acquir$ only by mu* exp]i5ce1 :i* makes a fir/-class bru% = fir/-class "w1 & hav+ ! requisite spr+ & durability & ! b& ( :i* w n bur/4 ,! process ( divid+ ! bri/les into uni=m l5g?s is t]m$ 8dragg+10 a v int]e/+ process :i* requires consid]able exp]tness on ! "p ( ! op]ator4 ,a h&ful ( bri/les1 aft] be+ mix$1 is plac$ aga9/ a gauge1 & ! op]ator1 grasp+ firmly ^? bri/les :i* project beyond a m>k :i* indicates ! requir$ l5g?1 )draws !m ) 8 ?umb & f+] & places !m aside4 ,! :ole bundle hav+ be5 gone ov] 9 ?is way1 a second dragg+ to ! next m>k is made1 & s on until ! bri/les are arrang$ 9 little piles ( uni=m l5g?s4 ,! op]ation ( 8mix+0 is also int]e/+4 ,?is is done 9 ord] to obta9 an uni=m col\r & quality 9 ! bri/les4 ,fir/1 all ! bri/les ( diff]5t col\rs are pil$ on ! top ( "o ano!r1 v>y+ consid]ably 9 col\r 9 ! diff]5t lay]s f top to bottom4 ,p]haps !re w be "o lay] ne>ly :ite & ano!r ne>ly black4 ,if ^! 7 all mix$ up indiscrim9ately to make a bru%1 ! result w\ld be a v pat*y appe>ance t w\ld n be lik$4 ,! object1 !re=e1 is to h an equal admixture ( black & :ite ?r\gh\t4 ,a workman takes 9 8 h& a portion ( ! bri/les f top to bottom1 cutt+ ?r\gh all at once4 ,^! he holds 9 8 two h&s & #8jabs'--= ! want ( a bett] ^w--?r\gh a /eel comb :i* is fix$ upright be=e him4 ,?is mixes ! diff]5t col\r$ bri/les1 & at ! same "t pulls out inf]ior or woolly p>ts t may h be5 left 94 ,z ea* h&ful ( bri/les is dress$ 9 ?is way x is laid aside1 & :5 ! :ole is complet$ ! second dress+ is gone ?r\gh 9 ! same way z ! fir/1 ! result be+ t ! admixture is p]fect1 & ! appe>ance ( any "o "p ( ! pile is exactly ! same z t ( ! o!r4 ,x is ess5tial also t all ! bri/les %\ld lie ! same way1 &1 z 9 ! r\gh an unc]ta9 small proportion ( ! bri/les arrive ) _! heads ! wrong way1 to extract !m ano!r small comb1 t]m$ an #8eng9e1' ) tee? v close toge!r1 is us$2 ! #8flag' end ( ! h&ful is comb$ ov] ?is1 & ! roots ( ! #8turn$' hairs cat* 9 ! comb4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,old ,,rose ,,moss ,,grey ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,ivy ,,gre5 ,,w>m ,,grey ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,gre5 ,,slate ,,lead ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,sea ,,foam ,,silv] ,,grey ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,apple ,,gre5 ,,/one ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,slate ,,middle ,,/one ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,granite ,,d>k ,,oak ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,a% ,,grey ,,ivory ,x w be unnecess>y to describe 9 detail h[ e bru% is made1 b an ord9>y gr\nd bru% w s]ve z an example4 ,! actual manufacture is n difficult4 ,fir/ ! bri/les are c>efully weigh$ out s t e bru% ( ! same grade has exactly ! same quantity ( bri/le 9 x z a correspond+ bru%2 great c>e be+ tak5 n to di/urb ! way 9 :i* ! bri/les lie4 ,!y mu/ all po9t "o way1 & naturally !y h a c]ta9 b5d4 ,! outside ( ! bru% is usually made ( :ite bri/les1 :ile ! inside is grey & yell[4 ,?is is almo/ a univ]sal rule1 = al?\gh ! inside bri/les are ( equal spr+ to ^? outside1 /ill trade dem&s :ite bri/les outside & has !m4 ,! read] w und]/& t ! bri/les t are to =m ! gr\nd bru% ab\t to be made are ly+ on ! scale1 ^! hav+ be5 weigh$ !y are tak5 (f1 ! :ite bri/les be+ und]nea?1 s z to =m ! outside ( ! bru%4 ,! workman takes all ! bri/les c>efully1 b firmly1 9 bo? h&s1 & turns ! bri/le r\nd 8 ?umb 9 su* a way t ! b5d ( ! bri/les all turn inw>d t[>ds ! c5tre1 & ! :ite bri/les or #8capp+s' lie 9 an ev5 rim r\nd ! re/1 & ! #8knot' is !n ti$ r\nd ) /r+4 ,! knots are !n dipp$ 9 hot cem5t & kept w>m /&+ ^u a hot plate4 ,! next process is #8driv+1' :i* consi/s 9 =c+ ! h&le ?r\gh ! bri/les1 :i* has be5 previ\sly ins]t$ 9 its b9d+1 & ?is tight5s ! bru% by compression4 ,v>ni% bru%es1 z a rule1 are %ap$ 9 a mann] some:at simil> to ! me?od ( mak+ arti/s' p5cils1 t is to say1 ! w$ge %ape is produc$ by plac+ ! bri/les into a small circul> box1 ! bottom ( :i* is concave4 ,h5ce1 x w be se5 t ! bri/les1 if ev5 !y are all ( ! same l5g?1 h ! necess>y *isel-edge = a v>ni% bru%4 ,pegg$ bru%es are made "u a pat5t ( ,messrs4 ,g4 ,b4 ,k5t ,sons4 ,speak+ r\ghly1 x consi/s ( driv+ pegs into ! back woodwork ( ! bru% s z to ?r[ ! p>ts into great] compression & to hold ! bri/les tight]4 ,aft] ! bru% is made1 ! bri/les are ?or\ghly sc\r$ on a /one ) soap & wat]4 ,aft] ! bru% is f9i%$1 ! blea*+ *amb]s are rea*$ :]e1 by means ( sulphur\s fumes1 ! bri/les are blea*$ to ! requir$ degree ( :it5ess4 ,,! ,,c>e ,,( ,,bru%es4--,h[ev] good a bru% may be x w soon be ru9$ unless x is prop]ly treat$ :5 out ( use4 ,! foll[+ h9ts w suffice z a guide 9 ?is respect3-- ,writ+ ,p5cils1 etc4--,wa% 9 turp5t9e until q clean1 & if !y are n to be us$ = "s "t dip 9 olive oil & smoo? f heel to po9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,r$ ,,sable4 ,/ippl]s4--,wa% ?or\ghly 9 pure soap & hot wat] r9s+ ) cold wat]4 ,place po9t d[nw>ds to dry4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/ippl]1 ,,) ,,bridge ,,h&le4 ,v>ni% ,bru%es4--,! be/ me?od ( keep+ v>ni% bru%es1 9 ! op9ion ( ! au?or1 is to susp5d !m 9 ! same description ( v>ni% z t !y are us$ =4 ,z ?is is n always possible boil$ oil may be us$ in/ead4 ,illu/ration3 ,,v>ni% ,,bru%--,,galvd4 ,,wire ,,b\nd4 ,pa9t ,bru%es4--,mr4 ,,erne/ ,n4 ,,k5t gives ! foll[+ in/ructions 9 8,specifications03-- ,illu/ration3 ,,sa% ,,tool4 ,illu/ration3 ,,flat ,,oval ,,gr\nd ,,bru%4 ,bru%es made = ,use 9 ,col\r %\ld fir/ be soak$ well 9 wat] to swell ! bri/le 9 ! b9d+4 ,?is applies also to :itewa% bru%es :i* are b\nd ei!r by wire or lea!r4 ,a ,bru% aft] ,use %\ld be ?or\ghly cleans$ out 9 turps or soap & wat]4 ,if left 9 wat] any l5g? ( "t !y are liable to twi/1 & ! bri/les lose _! ela/icity4 ,a ,bru% made = ,pa9t %\ld n be us$ 9 v>ni%1 ! _s ( :i* dissolves ! cem5t ) :i* x is set1 & loos5s ! bri/les4 ,:5 a gr\nd bru% has be5 well worn d[n 9 col\r1 x may1 h[ev]1 be us$ 9 v>ni%4 ,a ,bru% made = ,v>ni% mu/ on no acc\nt be put into wat] z ! wat] de/roys ! cem5t4 ,v>ni% ,bru%es :5 n 9 use %\ld be susp5d$ 9 ei!r v>ni% or oil1 ! bru% n re/+ on ! bri/les4 ,no bru%es %\ld on any acc\nt be kept 9 turp5t9e4 ,/ippl+ ,bru%es %\ld be well clean$ & dri$ aft] use1 ! bri/le be+ c>efully kept f cru%+2 a box 9 :i* !y c be slid1 all[+ ! bri/le to hang d[nw>ds is recomm5d$4 ,%\ld a ,bru% become q h>d ) ,pa9t x %\ld be soak$ = tw5ty-f\r h\rs 9 raw l9se$ oil1 aft] :i* "t 9 hot turp5t9e4 ,,"s ,,useful ,,recipes4 ,a ,,recipe ,,= ,,t]eb9e4--,take #blbs4 ( gr\nd li?>ge1 #blbs4 ( r$ lead1 #alb4 ( sulphate ( manganese1 lb4 ( sug> ( lead4 ,mix ^! to a pa/e ) light coa* japan1 put ! pa/e into a gallon j> & add half a gallon ( pure turp5t9e4 ,let ?is /& = ?ree days1 /irr+ occasionally1 !n p\r (f ! resultant liquid :i* =ms fir/-class t]eb9e4 ,y c aft]w>ds p\r 9 ano!r half gallon ( turps1 well /ir & p\r (f z be=e4 ,?is c be done a ?ird "t :5 ! *emicals w h become exhau/$4 ,,special ,,pa9ts ,,= ,,special ,,purposes4 ,,iron ,,cem5t4--,a cem5t suitable = fill+ up defects 9 ca/ iron is made by mix+ "o "p ( bone black1 "o "p ( p[d]$ gum arabic1 "o "p iron du/ or v f9e iron fil+s1 & two p>ts ( pla/] ( ,p>is4 ,?is p[d] is made up into a /iff body ) wat]1 b only suffici5t = imm$iate use %\ld be made1 z x sets v rapidly4 ,9 "t x becomes z h>d z iron4 ,,buff ,,pa9t4--,! foll[+ mixture w produce an excell5t buff pa9t = ord9>y purposes4 ,gr9d 9 raw l9se$ oil #c;cwt4 ( :ite lead1 #d;cwt4 ( grey b>ytes1 #hlbs4 ( g5u9e r$ oxide1 #ajjlbs4 ( ,j4,f4,l4,s4 o*re1 & #hlbs4 burnt ,turkey umb]4 ,,torbay ,,pa9t1 ,,imitation4--,gr9d toge!r #e;cwt4 ( grey b>ytes1 #a;cwt4 ,p>is :ite1 #d;cwt4 ( ,fr5* o*re1 & #dlbs4 ( g5u9e r$ oxide ( iron4 ,,drum ,,pa9t4--,dissolve ros9 9 an equal bulk ( naph?a & col\r ) lamp black = black1 cele/ial blue = blue1 ,v5etian r$ = r$1 & s on4 ,a little oil add$ w be ( assi/ance4 ,,bronze ,,pa9t ,,t9s1 ,,dipp+ ,,solution ,,=4--,dissolve asphaltum 9 spirits ( turp5t9e & ?9 d[n to ! requir$ consi/5cy4 ,,floor ,,pa9ts4 ,?is class ( pa9t is mu* us$ 9 ,am]ica1 & !y are made 9 a v>iety ( col\rs4 ,! necess>y qualities are great durability "u we>4 ,?ree coats are usually giv51 b x is v necess>y t suffici5t "t be all[$ to elapse betwe5 ! application ( ea* coat to enable a ?or\gh dry+ to be effect$4 ,! ?9n]s = ea* recipe w be ! same1 namely1 gloss oil tw5ty gallons1 l9se$ oil eight gallons1 turp5t9e japan six gallons1 b5z9e japan two gallons1 turp5t9e f\r gallons1 b5z9e ?ree gallons1 mak+ toge!r #eb gallons4 ,! pigm5ts w be z foll[s3 ,,buff4--,yell[ o*re1 #agelbs42 :it+1 #belbs42 z9c1 #belbs42 ,portl& cem5t1 #clbs4 ,,du/ ,,col\r4--,z9c :ite1 #agelbs42 :ite lead1 #belbs42 :it+1 #ejlbs42 lamp black1 #alb42 yell[ o*re1 #hlbs4 ,,lead ,,col\r4--,! same z du/ col\r1 except+ t #elbs4 ( lamp black %\ld be us$ & #clbs4 ( yell[ o*re4 ,,t]ra-,,cotta4--,yell[ o*re1 #ajjlbs42 ,v5etian r$1 #aglbs42 z9c1 #belbs42 :it+1 #gjlbs4 ,,m>oon ,,or ,,indian ,,r$4--,indian r$1 #ajjlbs42 ,v5etian r$1 #ejlbs42 z9c1 #belbs42 :it+1 #belbs4 ,,light ,,br[n4--,yell[ o*re1 #ajjlbs42 :it+1 #gjlbs42 m9]al br[n1 #aelbs42 z9c1 #belbs42 ,v5etian r$1 #flbs4 ,,dipp+ ,,pa9ts4 ,?is class ( pa9ts is mu* us$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! article t is to be pa9t$ be+ dipp$ into ! pa9t s z to save ! lab\r ( apply+ x ) a bru% 9 ! ord9>y mann]4 ,,black ,,dipp+ ,,pa9t4--,9 ?is case two sep>ate dipp+s are requir$1 fir/ ) ! foll[+ mixture :i* acts z a prim]4 ,take #ajjlbs4 ( dry gr\nd slate1 #ajjlbs4 ( :it+1 #ejlbs4 ( z9c :ite1 #b gallons ( l9se$ oil1 #bj gallons ( gloss oil1 & #e gallons ( b5z9e4 ,^! be+ prop]ly mix$ =m a prim+ coat :i* dries fairly quickly4 ,:5 dry dip ! article into a pa9t made ( ! foll[+ mixture3 #belbs4 ( drop black1 #c gallons ( gr9d+ japan1 half gallon ( turp5t9e1 #g gallons gloss oil1 & "o gallon ( turp5t9e4 ,,yell[ ,,dipp+ ,,pa9t4--,a prim] is made by gr9d+ toge!r #adlbs4 ( gold5 o*re1 #a gallons ( gr9d+ japan1 #b gallons ( gloss oil1 & half gallon ( turp5t9e4 ,! pa9t is made ( #cjlbs4 ( m$ium *rome yell[1 #b gallons ( gr9d+ japan1 #a gallons ( turp5t9e1 & #g gallons ( gloss oil4 ,?is makes #ab gallons ( pa9t4 ,,r$ ,,dipp+ ,,pa9t4--,gr9d toge!r #hjlbs4 ( bright sc>let or ,turkey r$1 #hjlbs4 be/ ,p>is :ite1 #ch gallons gloss oil1 #d gallons ( b5z9e1 #b gallons ( l9se$ oil1 & #b gallons ( b5z9e japan4 ,?is makes #ej gallons ( pa9t4 ,,ma*9]y ,,dipp+ ,,pa9t4--,gr9d toge!r #ajjlbs4 ( dry gr\nd slate1 #belbs4 z9c :ite1 #a gallon ( l9se$ oil1 #b gallons ( gloss oil1 & #a gallon ( japan dri]4 ,,dipp+ ,,:ite4--,gr9d #ajjlbs4 ( z9c :ite ) #ijlbs4 ( ,p>is :ite 9 #b gallons ( l9se$ oil1 #cb gallons ( gloss oil1 & #aa gallons ( b5z9e4 ,?is makes #ej gallons ( pa9t4 ,! above recipes = dipp+ pa9ts h be5 modifi$ f recipes :i* orig9ally appe>$ 9 8,drugs1 ,oils & ,pa9ts10 ( ,philadelphia4 ,,pa9t ,,= ,,iron4 ,!re has be5 a v consid]able am\nt ( diff]5ce ( op9ion z to ! be/ pa9t = iron4 ,an elaborate c\rse ( exp]im5ts 7 made & ! results report$ 9 ! columns ( ! 8,eng9e]0 "s "t s9ce4 ,! results ( ^! exp]im5ts %[$ t no ru/ :atev] result$ f ei!r ( ! foll[+ mixtures1 :i* may !re=e be recomm5d$ z good pa9ts = iron4 ,,r$ ,,lead ,,pa9t4--,r$ lead1 #hh p>ts2 raw l9se$ oil1 #ab p>ts4 ,,*eap] ,,r$ ,,lead ,,pa9t4--,*eap] r$ lead1 #de p>ts2 b>ytes1 #de p>ts2 raw l9se$ oil1 #aj p>ts4 ,,r$ ,,lead ,,pa9t1 ,,*eap] ,,/ill4--,v *eap r$ lead1 #bb p>ts2 b>ytes1 #ff p>ts2 raw l9se$ oil1 #ab p>ts4 ,,v]milionette ,,pa9t4--,b>ytes1 #cc p>ts2 deep v]milionette1 #dd p>ts2 pale v]milionette1 #ad p>ts2 raw l9se$ oil1 #g p>ts4 ,,p]man5t ,,r$ ,,pa9t4--,p]man5t r$1 #hh p>ts2 raw l9se$ oil1 #g p>ts4 ,,putty ,,recipes4 ,al?\gh an ord9>y putty is made ( dry :it+ ) raw l9se$ oil1 a modification ( ?is mixture is (t5 necess>y & desirable4 ,,s(t ,,putty4--,"o p\nd ( :ite lead mix$ ) #ajlbs4 ( :it+ & gr\nd ) ! necess>y quantity ( boil$ l9se$ oil makes an excell5t putty4 ,ab\t half a gill ( be/ olive oil or cotton se$ oil add$1 prev5ts ! :ite lead f h>d5+ & pres]ves ! putty 9 a /ate suffici5tly s(t to adh]e at all times4 ,,export ,,putty4--,! above recipe answ]s = putty t is to be s5t abroad1 ! cotton oil prev5t+ x f go+ h>d4 ,sometimes ! :ite lead is omitt$4 ,,putty ,,= ,,expos$ ,,positions4--,a v /rong putty is made ( boil$ oil & :it+ & is suitable = expos$ positions1 su* z skylights4 ,x is n adapt$ = keep+1 z x gets too h>d4 ,putty = inside "w t is gr\nd 9 raw l9se$ oil may be made by add+ a little :ite lead4 ,,h>d ,,putty4--,mix dry r$ lead ) boil$ oil & turp5t9e v>ni%4 ,?is may be us$ imm$iately1 z x soon gets h>d4 ,,fr5* ,,putty4--,boil #g p>ts ( l9se$ oil ) f\r p>ts ( br[n umb] = two h\rs4 ,!n add #e p>ts ( :it+ & #aa p>ts ( :ite lead & mix ! :ole4 ,?is putty is v durable & adh]es well to wood4 ,,imp]i%able ,,putty4--,v>i\s recipes = a s-call$ imp]i%able putty h be5 giv54 ,! "o publi%$ above1 nam$ ,fr5* putty1 is v durable1 b x may be v>i$ by boil+ toge!r = two h\rs #clbs4 ( l9se$ oil & #blbs4 ( br[n umb]4 ,/ir 9 "o ounce ( beeswax1 take (f ! fire1 & mix #blbs4 ( :it+ & #elbs4 ( :ite lead4 ,,wood ,,& ,,glue ,,putty4--,dissolve glue 9 wat] & add z mu* v f9e sawdu/ z may be requir$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,blackbo>d ,,pa9t4--,mix #e oz4 ( lamp black & #c oz4 ( sup]f9e fl\r ( em]y 9 half a gallon ( %ellac v>ni% or pat5t knott+4 ,?is gives a f9e slat+4 ,%ellac v>ni% may be made by dissolv+ #alb4 ( orange %ellac 9 half a gallon ( me?ylat$ spirits4 ,ano!r recipe is3 ,dissolve #alb4 %ellac 9 "o gallon ( me?ylat$ spirits4 ,:5 dissolv$ add #alb4 be/ ivory black1 #e oz4 ( be/ fl\r ( em]y4 ,mix & put 9 a /opp]$ bottle1 %ake well be=e us+4 ,9 apply+ ?is x mu/ be done rapidly1 & only a little ( ! pa9t %\ld be p\r$ out at a "t1 z ! _s rapidly evaporates4 ,9 apply+ x to old blackbo>ds "o coat is usually suffici5t4 ,,:itewa% ,,= ,,p\ltry ,,h\ses4--,9 ord] to prev5t ! bre$+ ( v]m9 ! :itewa% us$ = p\ltry h\ses %\ld be mix$ ) a little gas t>--n coal t>4 ,x may be obta9$ at any gas works1 & %\ld be us$ 9 ! proportion ( ab\t a qu>t] ( a p9t to ! pailful ( a%4 ,to b9d ! :itewa%1 fl\r made into a pa/e ) hot wat] may be us$1 & is bett] ?an glue size z x does n decay & w n injure ! f[ls4 ,,"s ,,useful ,,h9ts ,,on ,,pa9ts ,,& ,,pa9t+4 ,an excess ( dri]s 9 pa9t (t5 gives rise to bli/]+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,boil$ oil1 if ( good quality1 w1 :5 appli$ to glass1 dry 9 #bd h\rs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,t> %\ld always be appli$ hot4 99 99 99 99 99 ,d>k boil$ oil may be pure1 b x w n produce good "w4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a little v>ni% add$ to pa9t1 (t5 improves bo? its appe>ance & durability4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 pa9t+ ov] bad /a9s1 t>1 etc41 a coat ( %ellac v>ni% w usually give a good surface on :i* ! pa9t w dry4 99 99 99 99 99 ,o*re makes a good & *eap prim+ coat1 if x is v f9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to te/ pat5t dri]s1 mix x ) raw l9se$ oil1 9 ! proportion ( "o to ?ree1 & apply to glass4 ,if /ill tacky at ! end ( #bd h\rs1 ! dri]s may be look$ ^u z be+ ( inf]ior quality4 99 99 99 99 99 ,v>ni% bru%es are be/ kept1 :5 n 9 use1 by be+ susp5d$ 9 ! same k9d ( v>ni% 9 :i* !y are ord9>y us$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,= ?9n+ gold size1 use a little boil$ oil1 n turp5t9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! practical pa9t] %\ld h an 8educat$0 nose--t is1 "o t c at once detect adult]ation 9 oil & turp5t9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to mix v>ni%es is sometimes necess>y1 :5 ! p>ticul> k9d requir$ is n at h&4 ,b x is always a bad plan1 & is nev] desirable4 ,:5 x mu/ be done1 d n use ! v>ni% = a few days4 99 99 99 99 99 ,an ev5 temp]ature is ( ! greate/ importance 9 obta9+ good results f v>ni%4 ,coa* pa9t]s' %ops are usually kept exactly at ! same heat1 :ile du/ & draughts ( cold air are rigidly exclud$4 ,?is is "o ( ! reasons :y coa* pa9t]s are able to turn out su* f9e "w4 99 99 99 99 99 ,success 9 repa9t+ ironwork l>gely dep5ds 9 remov+ all ru/1 scale1 etc4 ,= ?is purpose1 wire bru%es %\ld be us$1 z !y greatly facilitate ! op]ation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,lum9\s pa9t :i*1 if expos$ to ! light dur+ ! day1 w give (f suffici5t light at night "t to enable "o to see ! "t by a wat*1 may be _h to la/ sev]al ye>s1 if protect$ by a piece ( glass f ! wea!r1 & x is extremely useful = c]ta9 positions :]e x is n desir$ to burn a light4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f95ess ( gr9d+ is a mo/ important quality ( all t9t+ col\rs1 b 9 none m s ?an 9 ! umb]s & si5nas prep>$ = gra9]'s use4 ,x is ( equal importance t ! tone & col\r be pure4 ,sometimes ?is class ( col\rs are ton$ up ) *rome1 b ?is is objectionable1 & ! "r tone ( si5na c only be expect$ :5 ! correct quality ( crude e>? is select$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,tube col\rs are n[ becom+ s popul> among ! highe/ class pa9t]s & decorators t ! use ( dry col\rs w soon be consid]$ obsolete4 ,:5 ! col\rs are put 9 tubes1 wa/e is almo/ :olly prev5t$1 :ile _! use keeps ! col\rs moi/ = a consid]able "t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,two coats ( pat5t knott+ or %ellac v>ni% may be giv5 to cov] /a9s1 damp spots1 or o!r "w :i* w n take ! pa9t4 ,ev5 t> spots ?us treat$ may be neutraliz$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,gra9$ "w %\ld nev] be v>ni%$ until aft] #f or #g days f ! "t x is f9i%$4 ,?is delay w r5d] ! surface mu* m durable ?an x w\ld be if v>ni%$ imm$iately4 99 99 99 99 99 ,spr+ & summ] are n ! be/ = pa9t+1 z _m suppose4 ,! autumn is bett]1 z ! "w is !n1 z a rule1 ?or\ghly dry & 9 ! be/ condition to take ! pa9t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to obscure w9d[ glass1 ! be/ plan is to apply a coat ( matt+ v>ni%1 :i* is specially made = ! purpose4 ,x looks v neat1 & effectively obscures ! glass1 al?\gh x %uts out v little ( ! light4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a r\gh way ( te/+ a bru% is to pluck a few bri/les & to burn !m by apply+ a mat*4 ,if !y are true bri/les !y w give (f an unmi/akable od\r1 w frizzle up :ile burn+1 b w n leave an a%4 ,fibre1 on ! o!r h&1 burns )\t smell1 & leaves an a%4 99 99 99 99 99 ,emboss+ on glass is usually done by means ( hydr(luoric acid4 ,! design is p\nc$ or sket*$ on ) ,fr5* *alk4 ,!n e "p t is n to be emboss$ is pa9t$ ov] ) a special ,brunswick black4 ,a little wall ( tall[ is !n built all ar\nd ! pane ( glass laid flat1 & ! acid is g5tly p\r$ on4 ,9 ab\t half an h\r x has eat5 into ! glass suffici5tly to =m a well-def9$ patt]n4 ,! acid is p\r$ (f into a guttap]*a bottle1 ! tall[ remov$1 & ! surface wa%$ ) clean wat]4 ,! black is s(t5$ ) turp5t9e & remov$ by means ( an old *isel4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a prim+ coat c nev] prove satisfactory unless x is compos$ ( v f9e mat]ials4 ,:ite lead1 r$ lead1 or :ite lead & o*re are among ! be/ prim]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! be/ te/s ( l9se$ oil = ! practical man are ! s5ses ( smell & ta/e4 ,! analysis ( l9se$ oil is a v difficult process1 & e oil deal] %\ld educate 8 s5ses by con/ant practice & recognise ! pure oil imm$iately :5 he smells or ta/es x4 ,adult]ation 9 boil$ oil is m difficult to detect ?an x is 9 raw oil4 99 99 99 99 99 ,nev] mix two diff]5t k9ds ( dri]s 9 a pa9t2 !y may re-act ^u "o ano!r & actually ret>d ! dry+ ( ! pa9t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,too mu* dri]s 9 pa9t w de/roy its durability & may affect ! gloss4 99 99 99 99 99 ,messrs4 ,,wilk9son1 ,,heywood ,,cl>k1 ,,ltd41 #g1 ,cal$onian ,road1 ,london1 ,n41 h fav\r$ ! au?or ) samples ( _! col\rs1 :i* he f9ds1 aft] exam9ation1 to be ( a high ord] ( excell5ce4 ,_! :ite oil v>ni% is also highly recomm5d$1 be+ almo/ col\rless & n turn+ yell[4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 prep>+ pla/] figures = %[+ samples ( gold pa9t x is necess>y fir/ to give a heavy coat ( %ellac to prev5t absorption4 99 99 99 99 99 ,p]haps n "o pa9t] 9 a ?\s& kn[s t wat] glass 7silicate ( soda7 makes an excell5t size = wall pap]4 ,x w n wa% up ! patt]n1 & x =ms a f\ndation = ! pap] v>ni% t makes x /& out admirably4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! prim+ coat = new p9e may be made by mix+ a /one ( :ite lead 9 oil ) an equal quantity ( pat5t dri]s4 ,ab\t "o p\nd ( turp5t9e & a p\nd & a half ( raw l9se$ oil w be requir$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,h>mony ,,( ,,col\r4--,z already /at$ we _c sp>e room to deal ) ?is important subject1 b may give "o or two notes on ! subject4 ,! foll[+ is a useful li/ tak5 f 8,col\r10 by ,,george ,h4 ,,hur/4 ,a some:at simil> li/ w be f\nd 9 8,col\r0 by ,,pr(essor ,a4 ,h4 ,,*ur*4 ,! names & addresses ( ! publi%]s ( ^! two books are giv5 on ano!r page4 ,,h>mony ,,( ,,two ,,col\r ,,comb9ations4-- ,crimson & orange ,bad4 yell[ ,inf]ior4 gre5 ,/rong1 b h>%4 blue ,good4 violet ,bad4 gold-yell[ ,good4 ,sc>let & yell[ ,bad4 gre5 ,inf]ior4 gre5i%-blue ,good4 ,sc>let & blue ,good4 violet ,bad4 ,orange & yell[ ,poor4 yell[-gre5 ,fair4 gre5 ,/rong-poor4 gre5-blue ,fair4 blue ,good4 violet ,/rong-good4 ,orange-yell[ & crimson ,poor4 sc>let ,poor4 gre5 ,bad4 blue-gre5 ,bad4 gre5-blue ,fairly good4 blue ,excell5t4 violet ,good4 ,yell[ & crimson ,poor4 gre5 ,bad4 blue-gre5 ,v bad4 blue ,only fair4 violet ,v good4 ,gre5 & blue ,v poor4 violet ,mod]ate4 r$ ,good4 ,,li/ ,,( ,,useful ,,books4 ,! au?or has ?\ght x might be ( s]vice to 8 read]s to include a li/ ( books :i* w\ld probably be useful to ! pur*as] ( ?is "w4 ,! li/ bel[ includes ! mo/ mod]n & up-to-date works1 toge!r ) _! prices & publi%]s4 ,a v brief description is app5d$4 ,,pa9t+ ,,decorat+1 by ,walt] ,j4 ,pe>ce1 second edition1 #aijb4 ,price1 #abs4 #f;d4 ,publi%$ by ,*as4 ,griff9 ,co41 ,ltd41 ,london4 ,?is is a book ( #cab pages & sev]al col\r$ plates4 ,! fir/ edition 0 publi%$ 9 #ahih1 & x conta9s in=mation on e bran* ( h\se pa9t+ & decorat+4 ,x is ! "w ( a practical pa9t]1 :o is also an arti/1 & :o has lectur$ on ! subject at ! ,man*e/] ,te*nical ,s*ool = sev]al ye>s pa/4 ,! book is highly recomm5d$4 ,,pa9t]s' ,,col\rs1 ,,oils ,,v>ni%es1 a ,practical ,manual by ,george ,h4 ,hur/1 ,f4,c4,s4 ,?is "w conta9s ov] #ejj pages4 ,! ?ird edition 0 publi%$ 9 #aija by ,*as4 ,griff9 ,co41 ,ltd41 ,exet] ,/reet1 ,/r&1 ,e4,c4 ,! book conta9s detail$ in=mation ( ! mo/ practical & ?or\gh "* conc]n+ all pigm5ts1 col\rs1 col\r & pa9t ma*9]y1 pa9t vehicles1 su* z pa9t oils1 turp5t9e1 etc41 dri]s & v>ni%es4 ,z a manual treat+ ( pa9t]s' mat]ials x w be f\nd mo/ useful to pa9t]s :o desire to "k ! prop]ties ( ! mat]ials !y use4 ,,prang',s 8,,/&>d ,,( ,,col\r40 ,?is "w is v useful to col\r mix]s4 ,x consi/s ( sev5 plates1 ea* plate consi/+ ( #afh col\rs1 t9ts or hues4 7,ar?ur ,ack]man1 ,reg5t ,/reet1 ,s4,w47 8,,h\se ,,pa9t+1 ,,gra9+1 ,,m>bl+ ,,& ,,sign ,,writ+10 by ,ellis ,a4 ,davidson4 ,?is book comprises #i col\r$ plates ( wood & m>bles1 #aej wood engrav+s & a full treatise on ! process ( h\se pa9t+1 sign writ+1 etc4 7,crosby1 ,lockwood ,son47 8,,*emi/ry ,,( ,,pa9ts ,,& ,,pa9t+10 by ,pr(essor ,a4 ,h4 ,*ur*1 publi%$ by ,seeley ,co41 ,gt4 ,russell ,/reet1 ,w4,c4 ,?is is a reliable & exhau/ive treatise on pigm5ts1 oils1 v>ni%es & o!r mat]ials us$ by arti/s4 8,,pigm5ts1 ,,pa9t ,,& ,,pa9t+10 by ,george ,t]ry1 publi%$ by ,messrs4 ,e4 ,f4 ,n4 ,spon1 ,ltd41 ,london1 #gs4 #f;d4 8,,manufacture ,,( ,,pa9ts10 by ,j4 ,cruick%ank ,smi?1 ,b4,s4,a41 publi%$ by ,scott1 ,gre5wood ,co41 ,london1 #gs4 #f;d4 8,,col\r40 ,a h&book ( ! !ory ( col\r by ,george ,h4 ,hur/1 ,f4,c4,s41 ) #aj col\r$ plates & #bb illu/rations4 ,publi%$ by ,scott1 ,gre5wood ,co41 ,london1 #gs4 #f;d4 8,,col\r40 ,a text book ( mod]n *romatics1 ) application to art & indu/ry1 by ,pr(essor ,ogd5 ,rood1 #crd edition1 #es4 8,,col\r40 ,an elem5t>y manual = /ud5ts1 ) #f col\r$ plates1 by ,pr(essor ,a4 ,h4 ,*ur*4 ,publi%$ by ,cassell ,co4 8,,! ,,mod]n ,,wood ,,f9i%]10 by ,f4 ,maire4 ,?is is a ?or\ghly practical little "w on ,wood ,f9i%+ 9 all its bran*es4 ,price #bs4 ,publi%$ by 8,! ,we/]n ,pa9t]10 ,j\rnal ,build+1 ,*icago1 ,ill41 ,u4,s4,a4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,au?or regrets t 9 ! text ! address ( ,,messrs4 ,,torrance ,,sons1 ,,ltd41 is giv5 incorrectly4 ,x %\ld be ,bitton1 ne> ,bri/ol1 ,glos4 ,illu/ration ,,index4 ,acorn ,br[n1 #ag ,amb] ,br[n1 #ag ,am]ican ,walnut1 ,gra9+ ,col\r1 #ei ,am]ican ,walnut1 ,gr\nd =1 #eh ,antique ,oak1 ,gr\nd =1 #eh ,apple ,gre51 #ae ,a% ,gra9+ ,col\r1 #ei ,a%1 ,gr\nd =1 #eh ,autumn ,leaf1 #ag ,bir*1 ,gr\nd =1 #eh ,bird's ,eye ,maple1 ,gra9+ ,col\r1 #ei ,blacks1 #gj ,blackbo>d ,pa9t1 #hg ,blues1 #cc-gj ,body1 #fd ,books1 ,useful1 #ib ,bronze = ,pa9t ,t9s1 #hd ,bronze ,gre51 #ae-ff ,brunswick ,gre51 #dd ,bru%es1 #gg ,buff1 #af ,c>e ( ,bru%es1 #ha ,*>act]i/ics ( ,good ,col\rs1 #fa ,*>lton ,:ite1 #bb ,*]ry ,gra9+ ,col\r1 #ei ,*e/nut ,gra9+ ,col\r1 #ei ,*rome ,gre51 #ff ,*romes1 #fi ,colonial ,yell[1 #af ,col\rs1 ,dry1 #aa ,col\rs1 ,economy ( ,us+ ,good1 #ah ,col\rs1 ,nom5clature (1 #ae ,col\rs or ,/a9]s1 #ad ,col\rs1 ,p]man5ce (1 #ff ,col\rs t may be us$ ) ,lime1 #gg ,comm]cial ,:ite1 #ba ,composition ( a ,pa9t1 #g ,cov]+ ,p[]1 #fc ,cream1 #ag ,d>k ,drab1 #ag ,d>k ,gre51 #af ,d>k ,oak1 #af-ag ,deal1 ,prim+ =1 #ac ,deep ,cream1 #ag ,deep ,drab1 #ag ,dipp+ ,pa9ts1 #hd ,doe ,col\r1 #af ,dut* ,process1 ,:ite ,lead1 #ba ,dri]s1 #h ,drum ,pa9t1 #hc ,dry ,col\rs1 #aa ,economy ( ,us+ ,good ,col\rs1 #ah ,emboss+ on ,glass1 #ij ,em]ald ,gre51 #ff ,export ,putty1 #hf ,fawn ,br[n1 #ag ,f95ess ( ,gr9d+1 #fb ,floor ,pa9ts1 #hd ,fr5* ,putty1 #hf ,good ,col\rs1 ,economy ( ,us+1 #ah-fj ,gra9+ ,col\rs1 #ei ,grays & ,greys1 #bb ,gre5s1 #dd-ff ,gr\nd ,col\rs = ,gra9+1 #eg ,h>mony ( ,col\rs1 #ia ,h>d ,putty1 #hf ,hue1 #ai ,imp]i%able ,putty1 #hg ,indian ,r$1 #g-fh ,indigo1 #cc ,inside second coat1 #ac ,iron1 ,prim+ =1 #ab ,iron ,cem5t1 #hc ,iron1 ,pa9t =1 #hf ,italian ,walnut1 ,gr\nd =1 #g ,ivy ,gre51 #af ,japan ,:ite1 #bj ,japann]s1 #h ,knott$ ,oak1 ,gr\nd =1 #eh ,lead & ,z9c1 ,mix+1 #bj ,light ,*ocolate1 #af ,light ,drab1 #af ,light ,oak1 ,gr\nd =1 #eg ,light ,oak ,/a91 #ga ,light ,/one1 #af ,lilac1 #af ,l9se$ ,oil1 #h ,liquid ,dri]s1 #h ,li?opone1 #ba ,lum9\s ,pa9t1 #hi ,mahogany ,gra9+ ,col\r1 #ei ,mahogany1 ,gr\nd =1 #eh ,maple ,gra9+ ,col\r1 #ei ,maple1 ,gr\nd =1 #eg ,mat]ials1 ,proportions (1 #ab ,m$ium ,oak1 ,gr\nd =1 #eg ,middle ,/one1 #af ,mix+ ,gre5s1 #dd ,mix+ ,ma*9e1 #i ,mix+ ( ,pa9t1 #i-aj ,mix+ ,z9c & ,lead1 #bj ,moss ,gray1 #ag ,moss ,gre51 #ae ,nom5clature ( ,col\rs1 #ae ,oak1 ,gr\nd =1 #eg ,o*res1 #fi ,olive ,gre51 #af ,pa9t1 ,composition (1 #g ,pa9t = ,iron1 #he ,pa9t ,mix+1 #aj ,pa9t ,mix+ ,ma*9e1 #g ,pa9t ,remov]1 #ga ,pa9t ,/ra9]1 #aa ,pa9t+ on ,/ucco1 #ab ,pa9ts1 & h[ to mix !m1 #ea ,pat5t ,dri]s1 #h ,pea ,gre51 #af ,pe>l ,gray1 #af ,p]man5ce ( ,col\rs1 #ff ,p]man5t ,pigm5ts1 #fg ,p]man5t ,:ite1 #bj-ba ,pigm5ts liable to *ange1 #gd ,p9e1 ,prim+ =1 #ac ,pit* ,p9e1 ,gr\nd =1 #eg ,poll>d ,oak ,gra9+ ,col\r1 #ei ,poll>d ,oak1 ,gr\nd =1 #eg ,prang's 8,/&>d ( ,col\r01 #ah ,prim+ ,coat1 #gj ,prim+ = ,deal1 #ac ,prim+ = ,iron1 #ab ,proportions ( ,mat]ials1 #ab ,prussian ,blue1 #cc1 #cf1 #de1 #gj ,purity ( ,col\rs1 #fa ,purity ( ,tone1 #fb ,purple ,br[n1 #g ,putty ,recipes1 #hf ,r$ ,lead1 #fh ,r$s1 #bf ,rosewood ,gra9+ ,col\r1 #ei ,rosewood1 ,gr\nd =1 #eh ,sage ,gre51 #ae ,s&/one1 #af ,sat9wood1 ,gr\nd =1 #eg ,sea ,gre51 #ae ,second ,coat1 #ac ,%ade1 #ai ,si5na1 #gj ,si5na ,br[n1 #ag ,signal ,r$1 #ag ,size = ,pla/]$ ,walls1 #ga ,slate1 #af ,smoke ,col\r1 #ag ,snuff ,br[n1 #ag ,s(t ,putty1 #hf ,special ,pa9ts1 #hc ,specific ,gravity1 #gb ,spread+ ,capacity1 #fc ,/a9]s or ,col\rs1 #ad ,/&>d 9 ,gra9+ ,col\rs1 #fj ,/eel ,gray1 #af ,/a9]s = ,pa9t1 #aa ,/ippl]s1 #hb ,/ra9+ ,pa9t1 #aa ,/raw ,yell[1 #ag ,/r5g? ( ,col\rs1 #de ,/ucco1 ,pa9t+ on1 #ab ,t]eb9e1 #hc ,te/+ ,col\rs1 #fj-fe ,te/+ ,turp5t9e1 #gd ,t9t1 #ai ,t9t+ ,/r5g?1 #fd ,tool = ,pa9t ,mix+1 #aa ,turp5t9e1 #g ,turp5t9e1 te/+1 #gd ,tuscan ,r$1 #fh ,ultram>9e1 #cg-gj ,umb]1 #gj ,useful ,recipes1 #hc ,v>ni% ,bru%es1 #hb ,v>ni%+ ,pa9t1 #h ,v5etian ,r$1 #g-fh ,v]milion1 #fh ,v]milionette1 #fh ,walnut ,/a91 #ga ,w>m ,gray1 #af ,:ite ,lead1 #g-ba ,:ite ,lead & ,ultram>9e1 #de ,:ite ,lead1 ,te/+1 #fb ,:ites1 #bj ,:ites ,comp>$1 #ba ,:itewa% = ,p\ltry ,h\ses1 #hg ,w9d[ ,glass ,measurem5t1 #gb ,wire ,pa9t ,/ra9]1 #aa ,wood & ,glue ,putty1 #hg ,yell[ ,o*re1 #g ,yell[s1 #ch ,z9c & ,lead1 ,mix+1 #bj ,illu/ration ,m4 ,,wall] ,,son1 ,,pr9t]s1 #ae1 ,,*apal ,,lane1 ,,hull4 ,,adv]tisem5ts 8,,eclipse0 ,,pa9t ,,remov]4 ,sav+ ( #ej p] ,c5t4 9 ,"t & ,lab\r4 ,no ,lime or ,pota%4 ,to ,railway & ,gas ,companies1 ,%ip[n]s1 ,build]s1 ,decorators1 ,coa*build]s1 ,pa9t]s1 ,%ip & ,ya*t ,build]s1 etc4 ,no #a4 ,! 8,eclipse0 ,pa9t ,remov]4 ,?is ,p[]ful ,pa/e is invaluable = ,remov+ ,old ,h>d ,pa9t 7any ?ickness71 ,enamel1 ,v>ni%1 & ,wall ,pap] f ,wood1 ,/one1 or ,iron4 ,x is a ,dis9fectant1 & w n injure ! ,surface nor ! ,pa9t or ,v>ni% aft]w>ds appli$1 & is pron\nc$ by fir/-class ,firms to be ! ,*eape/ & mo/ ,effectual 9 ! ,m>ket4 ,x is mu* lik$ = tak+ pa9t f ,ba?s = repa9t+1 & is invaluable z appli$ to old wood c>v+s & all f9e-art "w4 ,w ?or\ghly clean & r5ew ,m>ble1 etc4 ,s5d = ,circul> & ,te/imonials to ,,john ,m4 ,,gibson1 #ba1 ,,hope ,,/reet1 ,,glasg[4 ,,9 ,,press4 ,,wall ,,pap] ,,& ,,pap]hang+4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,s4 ,,j5n+s4 ,a ,h&book on ,decoration 9 pap] & o!r mat]ials1 ) practical in/ructions on ,hang+ !m4 ,illu/rat$ by _m half-tone & o!r engrav+s1 %[+ ! late/ designs 9 ,wall ,hang+s4 ,price #es4 ,po/ free1 #es4 #c;d4 ,may be _h ( ! ,au?or1 ,a4 ,s4 ,,j5n+s1 #fb1 ,b>ry ,road1 ,ea/ ,dulwi*1 ,london1 ,s4,e4 ,,! ,,ripon ,,cl>o ,,v>ni% ,,co4 ,works3 ,,ripon4 ,manufactur]s ( ,high-class ,v>ni%es1 ,japans1 ,pa9ts1 ,col\rs1 etc41 ,,= ,,e ,,purpose4 ,specialities3 ,,quick ,,dry+ ,,ready ,,b\nd ,,col\rs ,,9 ,,turps41 ,,require ,,no ,,gold ,,size ,,or ,,mix+4 ,drop ,ivory ,black1 ,*romes1 ,gre5s1 ,blues1 ,r$s1 etc4 ,comm& an ,enorm\s ,sale4 ,,smi?',s ,,pat5t4 ,a ,new ,tool = ,pa9t]s1 ,pa9t ,manufactur]s1 & o!rs = ,clean+ ,out ,pa9t ,cans1 ,drums1 ,kegs1 & ! l4 ,w la/ = ye>s1 & is a useful addition to a ,pa9t]'s ,outfit4 ,a ,good ,mix]4 ,h&y = ,clean+ ,gutt]s1 ,scrap+ ,ironwork1 ,burn+ ,(f1 & lots ( o!r purposes4 ,,po/ ,,free1 #as4 #i;d4 ,h4 ,,smi?1 ,,hale ,,road ,,bridge1 ,,altr9*am1 ,,*e%ire4 ,,! 8,,little ,,giant0 ,,pa9t ,,mix]4 ,! wood-cut on page #i ( ?is "w %[s a useful ,pa9t ,mix] = h& p[]1 call$ ! 8,little ,giant40 ,! advantage ( ?is ,ma*9e is t x c be tak5 to ! spot :]e ! ,pa9t is requir$1 & any quantity up to five gallons mix$ 9 a few m9utes4 ,! drum c be remov$ = di/ribut+ ! ,pa9t by pull+ d[n ! lev]4 ,! size ( ! conta9] is #ae-;94 #aj-;941 & is int]*angeable4 ,! weight ( ! 8,little ,giant0 is #c-;cwts4 :5 complete4 ,! ma*9e %\ld be ( great use to ^? hav+ to mix ,pa9t :]e "w is be+ done1 & %\ld appeal specially to ,build]s1 ,%ipbuild]s1 & ,eng9e]s4 ,,torrance ,,sons1 ,,limit$1 ,,bitton1 ,,ne> ,,bri/ol4 ,! ,illu/rat$ ,c>p5t] ,build] ,,! ,,be/ ,,j\rnal ,,= ,,ar*itects1 ,,decorators1 ,,pa9t]s1 ,,plumb]s1 ,,jo9]s1 ,,gasfitt]s1 ,,& ,,me*anics ,,9 ,,all ,,trades4 ,indisp5sable to ,e ,workman1 & ,int]e/+ to ,e ,amateur4 ,"o ,p5ny ,weekly4 ,mon?ly ,p>ts1 #f;d4 ,,! ,,c>p5t] ,,& ,,build] ,,te*nical44 4444 ,,s]ies4 ,n[ ,ready3 ,,bricklay+1 ,,scaffold+1 ,,slat+1 ,,home ,,h&icrafts1 ,,pa9t+ ,,& ,,v>ni%+1 ,,masonry1 ,,pla/]+1 ,,c>p5try4 ,9 ,prep>ation3 ,,artificial ,,/one1 ,,t]ra ,,cotta1 c41 ,,concrete1 ,,jo9]y1 ,,decorat+1 ,,plumb+4 ,edit$ by ,,john ,,black1 ,editor ( ! ,i4 ,c4 & ,b4 ,,price ,,sixp5ce4 ,ea* ,volume ,well ,pr9t$ & ,pr(usely ,illu/rat$4 ,(f all ,newsag5ts1 ,/ation]s1 ,booksell]s1 & ,book/alls1 & 7#g;d4 ,po/ ,free7 ,,john ,,dicks1 #cac1 ,,/r&1 ,,london1 ,e4,c4 ,telegraphic ,address3 8,,japann+1 ,,mit*am40 ,*as4 ,h4 ,blume1 ,we/]n ,road1 ,mit*am1 ,,high-,,class ,surrey4 ,,v>ni%es1 ,,japans ,,enamels & ,,col\rs4 ,illu/ration ,,specialities3 ,blume's ,secol9e ,dri]s4 ,less acute ?an ,t]eb9e2 ! use ( ,secol9e 9 ,pa9ts w>rants _! absolute h>d5+ 9 z %ort a "t z possible )\t injury to ! ela/icity & we> ( ! pa9t4 #8,ambra' ,oil ,v>ni% ,/a94 ,durability incomp>ably great] ?an t ( ,_s ,v>ni% ,/a94 ,! #8,ari/o' ,:ite ,african ,copal ,v>ni%4 ,pal] ?an ,fr5* ,oil4 ,! :ite/1 *oice/ ,copal ,oil ,v>ni% made4 ,w>rant$ free f ,dam>1 yet wat] :ite 9 col\r4 ,= inside & outside use4 ,price #cj_/- p] gall4 ,special quotations = quantities4 ,blume's ,special ,liquid ,woodfill]1 ,write = ,catalogue1 ,price ,li/ & ,samples4 ,,y ,,%\ld ,,try ,,ball',s ,in/antane\s ,v>ni% & ,pa9t ,remov] 7,by ,royal ,lett]s ,pat5t74 ,,x ,,saves ,,"t6 ,,x ,,saves ,,money6 ,= fir/-class "w x gives be/ results1 & = *eap "w x is really a money-sav]4 ,x does its "w 9 a mann] t no o!r mat]ial kn[n to pa9t]s c d4 ,"w done ) ,ball's ,i4,v4,r4 is ready = re-coat+ at once1 ) a beautiful smoo? surface4 ,no ,wa%+ ,d[n ) ,wat] ,requir$4 ,?is mat]ial is ,,sold "u ! ,,absolute ,,gu>antee t x w ,,leave ,,no ,,bad ,,aft]-,,effects1 nor--,,mo/ ,,important ,,po9t ,,( ,,all--w x ev] "w ?r\gh any ( ! succe$+ coats4 ,to ,decorators1 ,coa* ,pa9t]s & ,h>dwood work]s ?is mat]ial is simply indisp5sable4 ,s5d = ,circul> to ,,pat5tee & ,,manufactur]1 ,,wm4 ,,mit*ell1 #ci1 ,nairn ,/reet1 ,,kirkcaldy1 ,n4,b4 ,sample ,gallon1 #ab_/- ,c>riage ,paid4 ,,ellam1 ,,jones ,,co41 ,l,,td41 ,v>ni%1 ,pa9t & ,col\r ,manufactur]s1 ,,m>keaton ,,mills1 ,,d]by4 ,,e/abli%$ ,,ne>ly ,a ,,c5tury4 ,,specialities3 ,,m>keaton ,,r$4 ,a p]fect sub/itute = ,v]milion1 us$ exclusively by ! ,midl&1 ,great ,c5tral1 ,hull & ,b>nsley ,railway ,companies = _! signal arms1 & by ne>ly all ! ,corporations 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom = _! ,fire ,appliances4 ,9 ,wa%+ton ,bags ( #cjlbs4 at #a_/f p] lb4 ,! mo/ reliable ,p]man5t ,r$ on ! m>ket4 8,,ellamite40 ,a ,,pa9t ,,absolutely ,,unique4 ,x is ( ! appe>ance ( silv]1 may be appli$ to ! r\ghe/ iron or to any surface--cov]s spl5didly--goes f>4 ,x is q durable bo? inside & ,,outside1 & co/s only #bj_/- a gallon nett41 9 gallon t9s1 free2 & also 9 #a_/- & #b_/- t9s1 subject4 ,?is prep>ation is made by a process ( electrolysis4 ,rail+s1 iron gates1 c41 look spl5did :5 pa9t$ ) x4 ,pa9t]s & decorators all ov] ! c\ntry are tak+ x up4 ,specifi$ = _m important works1 includ+ ,great ,y>m\? ,new ,britannia ,pi]1 ,y>m\? ,aqu>ium1 c4 ,,*romate ,,( ,,z9c1 ,,/eel ,,blue1 etc4 ,,orig9al ,,manufactur]s ,,( ,,oxide ,,( ,,iron4 ,,samples ,,on ,,application ,,to ,,ellam1 ,,jones ,,co41 ,ltd41 ,pa9t1 ,col\r & ,v>ni% ,manufactur]s1 ,,m>keaton ,,mills1 ,,d]by4 ,,z+essol1 ,orr's ,new ,wa%able ,di/emp]4 ,fa/ ,col\rs1 ,,sup]s$+ ,arti/ic1 ,,all ,,o!rs4 ,economical4 ,,w>rant$ ,,free ,,f ,,lime4 ,durable z ,oil ,pa9t = ,inside or ,outside ,"w1 & mu* less exp5sive4 ,x is a happy comb9ation ( ! old ,italian ,gesso gr\nd ) a z9c prep>ation1 & n only non-poison\s1 b a valuable ,sanit>y ,ag5t4 ,a well-*os5 ,wall ,decoration 9 ,z+essol is an art education to ^? accu/om$ only to col\r$ wa%es or tawdry pap]s4 ,price ,li/1 ,patt]ns ( ,/ock ,col\rs1 c41 w be s5t on application to ! ,manufactur]s3 ,,orr',s ,,z9c ,,:ite ,,ltd4 ,widnes1 ,lanca%ire4 ,,or ,,to ,,_! ,,ag5ts4 ,telegrams3 8,,orr1 ,,widnes40 ,illu/ration3 ,g,b,,k5t,,sons ,,be/,,briti%,,bru%es ,illu/ration3 ,,e/abli%$ ,,9 #agfj4 ,,lewis ,,b]g] ,,& ,,sons ,,limit$ ,manufactur]s ( ,,pa9ts1 ,,col\rs1 ,,& ,,v>ni%es4 ,specially ,prep>$ ,l9es = ,,decorators ,,sign,,writ]s c write = samples p>ticul>s ,hom]ton1 ,london1 ,n4,e4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,inconsi/5t spell+ 7includ+ t ( prop] names71 punctuation1 lay-out & =matt+ h be5 reta9$1 unless m5tion$ bel[4 ,! diff]5ces 9 word+ betwe5 ! table ( cont5ts & ! text h n be5 /&>dis$2 except z m5tion$ "u ,*anges bel[1 *apt] & 7sub-7section head+s 9 ! text are bas$ on ! text r ?an on ! table ( cont5ts4 ,because ( ! difficulty to calibrate ! nam$ 7mix$7 col\rs1 ! col\r samples provid$ h be5 copi$ /raight f ! scans1 )\t any col\r correction or contra/ or brightness adju/m5ts4 ,see also ! section on ,! ,nom5clature ( ,col\rs4 ,! inconsi/5cies 9 ! ,index h n be5 correct$4 ,dep5d+ on ! h>d- & s(tw>e us$ & _! sett+s1 n all elem5ts may display z int5d$4 ,page #da3 ,naples yell[ is m5tion$ twice1 possibly "o m5tion is errone\s4 ,*anges made ,"s obvi\s punctuation & typographical errors h be5 correct$ sil5tly4 ,page #g3 ,v5etian read *ang$ to ,v5etian r$ ,page #cg3 ,torquoise ,blue *ang$ to ,turquoise ,blue ,page #fj3 ,*apt] title ,,h[ ,,to ,,te/ ,,! ,,quality ,,( ,,col\rs ins]t$ cf4 table ( cont5ts4 ,page #gd3 ,*apt] title ,,recipes1 ,,tables1 ,,h9ts ,,& ,,notes ins]t$ cf4 table ( cont5ts4 ,page #hf3 ,putty = inside wook *ang$ to ,putty = inside "w ,page #hh3 ,9 pr9t+ ov] bad /a9s *ang$ to ,9 pa9t+ ov] bad /a9s ,page i3 ,birdseye *ang$ to ,bird's ,eye z 9 text4