,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,?is production 0 d]iv$ f https3_/_/ar*ive4org_//ream_/ca?olicworl d#jhpaulu(t_/ ca?olicworld#jhpaulu(tdjvu4txt4 ,page images are also available at https3_/_/quod4lib4umi*4edu_/m_/moajrnl_ /br[se4j\rnals_/ca?4html ,use a fix$ pit* font to view ! tables4 ---------- i ,! ,ca?olic ,_w4 ,a ,mon?ly ,magaz9e ( ,g5]al ,lit]ature ,& ,sci5ce4 ---------- ,vol4 ,,viii4 ,octob]1 #ahfh1 ,,to ,m>*1 #ahfi4 ---------- ,new ,york3 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,h\se1 #abf ,nassau ,/reet4 #ahfi4 ii ,john ,a4 ,gray ,gre51 ,pr9t]s1 #af ,& #ah ,jacob ,/reet1 ,new ,york4 iii ,cont5ts4 ---------- ,am]ican ,college 9 ,rome1 ,!1 #efj4 ,apo/olic ,lett] f ! ,pope1 #gba4 ,a ,leg5d = ,husb&s1 #hbd4 ,basilica ( ,/4 ,saturn91 ,!1 #aja4 ,bretons1 ,! ,fai? & ,poetry ( !1 #abc4 ,brittany1 ,its ,p & its ,poems1 #eih4 ,*ur* ( ! ,future1 ,!1 #adc4 ,ca?olicity & ,pan!ism1 #aha1 #cfj1 #efe1 #feg1 #haa4 ,cur d',ars1 ,/atue (1 #bjj4 ,ca?olic ,congress8 ,%all we h a1 #bbd4 ,canadian ,cu/oms1 #bdf4 ,*>ities ( ,new ,york1 ,!1 #bgi4 ,ca?olicity1 ,creative ,g5ius (1 #djf4 ,*ri/mas ,gifts1 #edf4 ,dante ,alighi]i1 #bac4 ,education1 ,ca?olic ,view (1 #fhf4 ,e>l ,d]by's ,hom]1 #gdj4 ,flam9ia1 #gf4 ,galileo-,galilei1 #cba1 #dcc4 ,good old ,"t & our own1 ,!1 #chj4 ,g5ius ( ,ca?olicity1 ,! ,creative1 #djf4 ,g5]al ,conv5tion ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 #dfa4 ,g5]al ,c\ncil1 ,! ,approa*+1 #gif4 ,hospitality1 ,leg5d (1 #fh4 ,holy ,grayle1 ,!1 #acg4 ,hyac9!1 ,rev4 ,pre1 ,disc\rse (1 #ahh4 ,hypnotics1 #bhi4 ,h]emore-,br&on1 #ebb1 #ffc1 #ghd4 ,human ,w1 ,tea*+ ( ,/ati/ics conc]n+1 #fdc4 ,hom]'s ,iliad1 by ,e>l ,d]by1 #gdj4 ,husb&s1 ,a ,leg5d =1 #hbd4 ,irel&'s ,m>tyrs1 #hch4 ,kaulba* & ! ,era ( ! ,re=mation1 #ef4 ,massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 #a4 ,m>ia von ,mrl1 #cb4 ,m>cel1 ,! ,/ory (1 #bed1 #cdg1 #did4 ,middle ,ages1 ,ignorance ( !1 #eih4 ,out ( ! ,dep?s h ,i cri$1 #dec4 ,o',reilly's ,iri% ,m>tyrs1 #hch4 ,philosophy & ,sci5ce1 ,! ,pres5t ,disputes 91 #bbi4 ,purgatory1 ,treatise on1 #bff4 ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 ,g5]al ,conv5tion (1 #dfa4 ,prote/antism a ,failure1 #ejc4 ,pope ,pius ,,ix41 ,lett] ,apo/olic (1 #ecf4 ,poor ,m>a6 #fcg4 ,port]'s ,human ,intellect1 #fga1 #gfg4 ,progress ( ,nations1 ,seaman's1 #gbd4 ,religion ,m$ically ,consid]$1 #aaf4 ,r+s1 #abi4 ,"r ,pa? f\nd ?r\gh ! ,great ,sn[1 ,!1 #cgj4 ,ritualism1 ,! ,future (1 #hbh4 ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 ,massacre (1 #a4 ,si/]s ( ! ,poor1 ,! ,little1 #ajj4 ,s*ool-,room1 ,9 !1 #acb4 ,s*aff's ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 #dag4 ,sci5tific & ,reveal$ ,tru?1 ,! ,unity (1 #dhe4 ,sun1 ,eclipse (1 9 #ahfh1 #fig4 ,seaman's ,progress ( ,nations1 #gbd4 ,/4 ,mi*ael ! ,h]mit1 ,! ,leg5d (1 #hec4 ,! ,invasion1 #ah1 #afb1 #cja1 #dgc1 #fai1 #gdf4 ,talleyr&1 #hh4 ,! ,little ,si/]s ( ! ,poor1 #aaj4 ,! ,fai? & ,poetry ( ! ,bretons1 #abc4 ,tuscany1 ,glimpses (1 #aif1 #caf4 ,! ,great ,sn[1 ,! ,"r ,pa? f\nd ?r\gh1 #cgj4 ,! ,poor8 ,:o %all take c>e (1 #gjc1 #gcd4 ,! ,iliad ( ,hom]1 #gdj4 ,:o %all take c>e ( our ,sick8 #db4 ,:o %all take c>e ( ! ,poor8 #gjc1 #gcd4 ,xim5es1 ,c>d9al1 #egg4 ---------- ,poetry4 ,aspirations1 #bbb4 ,a ,door1 ,inscription on1 #fcf4 ,c\nt de ,montalemb]t1 #abh4 ,*ri/mas1 #dga4 ,dante1 ,sonnet f ,vita ,nuova_/i (1 #ede4 ,discipl9e1 #fda4 ,de ,pr(undis1 #hec4 ,fri5d%ips1 #ahg4 ,indian ,summ]1 #dje4 ,l9es1 #gde4 ,m9e ,enemy1 #gc4 ,p5it5ce1 #dba4 ,primrose1 ,! ,ev5+1 #eba4 ,pius ,,ix41 ,! ,volunte]s =1 #fce4 ,summ] ,%[]1 ,a1 #dj4 ,! ,sil5t ,clock1 #gcc4 iv ,new ,publications4 ,alton ,p>k1 #adc4 ,a ,psy*e ( ,to-day1 #adc4 ,a ,becket1 ,life (1 #dbh4 ,asmodeus 9 ,new ,york1 #dbi4 ,a ,book ab\t ,dom9ies1 #gai4 ,a ,few ,fri5ds1 #hef4 ,b>r+ton's ,sket*es ( 8 own ,times1 #bhg4 ,beg9n+ ,g]man1 #egd4 ,beg9n]'s ,fr5*1 #egf4 ,bi>nois's ,!oretical ,fr5*1 #gah4 ,bottala1 ,rev4 ,paul1 on ! ,pope1 #bhc4 ,c>d9als1 ,lives ( ! ,engli%1 #aci4 ,cradle ,l&s1 #dbb4 ,crim9al ,abortion1 #egc ,*>lie ,bell1 #hfj4 ,dalgairns on ! ,holy ,communion1 #dcj4 ,excelsior1 or ,essays on ,polit5ess1 #bhh4 ,emmet1 ,life & ,times (1 #dcj4 ,fa!r ,clevel&1 #ada4 ,fay's ,outl9es ( ,geography1 #dbi4 ,grop+s aft] ,tru?1 #dbi4 ,gay>r's ,philip ,,ii4 ( ,spa91 #egj4 ,greeley's ,recollections1 #ega4 ,gay>r's ,hi/ory ( ,l\isana1 #gaf4 ,gray's ,botany1 #hfj4 ,h]b]t's ,cradle ,l&s1 #dbb4 ,hebrew ,gramm>1 ,new1 #dbf4 ,hi/orical ,gazette] ( ,v]mont1 #dbh4 ,hopk9s's ,law ( ,love1 #heh4 ,hayd5's ,light on ,la/ ,?+s1 #hch4 ,illu/rat$ ,family ,almanac1 #egb4 ,kelly's ,diss]tations on ,iri% ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 #hef4 ,logic = ,"y ,ladies1 #adc4 ,leaf & ,fl[] ,pictures1 #bhf4 ,life ( ,bless$ ,sp9ola1 #hei4 ,mhlba*'s ,goe! & ,s*ill]1 #ada4 ,mod]n ,wom51 #adc4 ,mrs4 ,sadli]'s ,mac,carthy ,m1 #bhh4 ,mignon1 #bhh4 ,moore's ,poetical ,works1 #dca4 ,moore's ,memoir ( ,%]idan1 #dca4 ,m>k's ,lessons 9 ,geometry1 #dca4 ,new ,adam1 ,!1 #dbg4 ,newman's ,v]ses1 #egd4 ,new ,illu/rat$ ,hi/ory ( ,irel&1 #gbj4 ,o',le>y1 ,rev4 ,ar?ur1 ,works (1 #bhg4 ,o',%ea's ,juv5ile ,libr>y1 #egc4 ,outl9es ( ,composition1 #hei4 ,pla9 ,talk ab\t ,prote/antism1 #bhh4 ,pla9 ,*ant1 ,a ,gramm> (1 #heg4 #h ,roman ,m>tyrology1 ,!1 #dcj4 ,rural ,poems1 #egc4 ,report ( ,new ,york ,univ]sity1 #ege4 ,rob]tson's ,lectures on ,burke1 #gag4 ,symbolism1 by ,moehl]1 #bhe4 ,sunday-,s*ool ,libr>y1 ,illu/rat$1 #bhf4 ,%iel's ,sket*es ( ! ,iri% ,b>1 #bhg4 ,sydnie ,adriance1 #dcj4 ,s\? ,am]ica1 ,a ,?\s& ,miles across1 #dca4 ,synodus ,dioecesana ,baltimor5sis1 #dcb4 ,/4 ,john's ,k & ,love ( ,god1 #egc4 ,sadli]'s ,almanac1 #gah4 ,! ,works ( ,burns1 ,scott1 ,milton1 etc41 #adb4 ,! ,lily ( ! ,valley1 #bhg4 ,! ,bird1 #dbe4 ,tablets1 #dbf4 ,! ,two ,wom51 #dcb4 ,ta9e's ,ideal ( ,art1 #egb4 ,! ,little ,gipsy1 #egd4 ,tobacco & ,alcohol1 #gai4 ,! ,conscript1 #hei4 ,willson's ,hi/ories1 #ada4 ,web/]'s ,diction>ies1 #add4 ,w9n+]1 ,rev4 ,f4 ,x41 on ! ,pope1 #bhe4 ---------- #a ,! ,ca?olic ,_w4 ,vol4 ,,viii41 ,no4 #dc ,octob]1 #ahfh4 ---------- ,! ,massacre ,( ,/4 ,b>?olomew--its ,orig9 ,& ,"*4 ,footnote #a ,footnote #a3 ,! ,massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew3 prec$$ by a ,hi/ory ( ! ,religi\s ,w>s 9 ! ,reign ( ,*>les ,,ix4 ,by ,h5ry ,:ite4 ,london3 ,john ,murray4 #ahfh4 #hvo1 pp4 xviii4-#eje4 ,la ,/4 ,b>?lemy1 ses ,orig9es1 son ,vrai ,c>actre1 ses ,suites4 ,p> ,george ,g&y4 ,revue des ,que/ions ,hi/oriques4 ,tome i]1 pp4 #aa-ia1 #cb-cia4 ,few hi/orical ev5ts h be5 m p]si/5tly us$ 9 argum5ts aga9/ ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* ?an ! massacre ( ,admiral ,coligny1 & a great numb] ( ,prote/ant nobles & p1 at ,p>is1 on ,/4 ,b>?olomew's day1 #aegb1 by ord]s emanat+ f ! c\rt4 ,isolat$ f ! religi\s w>s 9 :i* x is b "o ( ! d>ke/ episodes1 ?is affair has be5 set =w>d z an indep5d5t act--a delib]ate s*eme ( ! ,ca?olic p>ty 9 ,france--k+1 nobles1 & cl]gy--to ext+ui% ,prote/antism at a s+le bl[4 ,! numb]s ( ! victims h be5 exagg]at$ to an ext5t incompatible ) all contempor>y /ati/ics ( population2 & ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew has ?us be5 transmitt$1 z if by a s]ies ( di/ort+ mirrors1 f ! pamphlets ( ! "t to ! hi/ories1 s]mons1 p]iodicals1 & s*ool-books ( our days1 ea* reflection b a di/ortion ( ! la/1 & s exce$+ x 9 unreality t at l5g? tru? _h become utt]ly hopeless4 ,9 fact1 we might z well expect to h ,bibles ?r[ out ! long-sanction$ mispr9t ( /ra9 at a gnat1 & pr9t1 correctly1 /ra9 out a gnat1 or omit ! intrusive words at ! end ( ! ,"l's ,pray]1 :i* all ,prote/ant ,biblical s*ol>s admit to be spuri\s1 z to expect popul> acc\nts ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew's day to come d[n to :at is really c]ta9 & au!ntic4 ,ev5 among writ]s ( a high] /amp1 !re seem$ to be a disposition to avoid rese>* t w\ld break ! *>m4 ,hi/orical s*ol>s made little ef=t to free ! subject f ! mi/s & fables ) :i* x has be5 encompass$1 & set d[n only well-atte/$ facts ) au?orities to su/a9 !m4 #b ,x is1 !re=e1 ) no less surprise ?an gratification t we f9d 9 ! rec5t "w ( ,h5ry ,:ite a labori\s & ?or\gh exam9ation ( ! evid5ce /ill extant z to ! orig9ators ( ! d>k de$1 _! motives & object1 ! ext5t ( ! slaught]1 & ! reasons assign$ at ! mom5t & subsequ5tly4 ,x is "o ( ^? subjects 9 :i* no "w w be accept$ entirely by read]s ( an opposite fai?1 inasmu* z x is almo/ impossible to avoid draw+ inf]5ces1 & ascrib+ motives = acts1 to real or suppos$ modes ( ?\ght 9 ! religi\s body to :i* ! actors belong$4 ,respect+ ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew !re are also two !ories4 ,"s cont5d t x 0 ! result ( a long-prem$itat$ plot2 & ?is view 0 s ably ma9ta9$ by ,john ,all51 9 ! ,ed9burgh ,review1 7vol4 xliv4--#ahbf17 t no?+ fur!r 0 left to be said on ! subject4 ,o!rs are ( op9ion t x 0 ! accid5tal result ( a mom5t>y spasm ( m+l$ t]ror & fanaticism1 caus$ by ! unsuccessful attempt to murd] ,coligny4 ,?is !ory has be5 support$ by ,ranke1 9 a review ( ,capefigue's ,hi/oire de la ,r=me2 by ,soldan2 by ,baum1 9 8 ,life ( ,beza2 & by ,coqu]el1 9 ! ,revue ,?ologique1 9 #ahei4 ,su* is ,:ite's /atem5t ( ! position ( ! "q2 & 8 "w has be5 ju/ly /yl$ able & unpret5ti\s4 ,9 ,france1 ! anti-,*ri/ian writ]s ( ! la/ c5tury--,voltaire & 8 s*ool--7 all l\d 9 d5unciation ( ! affair1 & pa9t$ x 9 its wor/ colors4 ,x 0 too good a weapon1 9 _! w> aga9/ religion1 to be easily laid d[n2 & x 0 made to d su* good s]vice t lat] ,ca?olic apologi/s h till rec5tly sc>cely v5tur$ on any exam9ation ( ! "q t w\ld seem at all favorable4 ,! discussion by ,g&y is1 9 ext5t & rese>*1 z well z 9 s\ndness ( pr9ciple1 by f> ! be/ review ( ! subject4 ,yet1 z a close hi/orical argum5t1 ! =ce is sometimes de/roy$ by ! citation ( comp>atively weak & undecisive au?orities4 ,9 ,engli%1 ! be/ ,ca?olic tract on ,/4 ,b>?olomew 0 t ( ,dr4 ,l+>d4 ,"s ( 8 positions 7 n well tak51 & d n /& :5 confront$ ) au?orities br\ght =w>d by lat] rese>*4 ,yet 8 essay compell$ a real hi/oric inve/igation by subsequ5t writ]s1 & has l$1 indirectly at lea/1 to ! "w ( ,mr4 ,:ite4 ,?is writ] says1 n inaptly 7p4 #bjj73 ,x is easy to prove any hi/orical untru? by a skilful manipulation ( docum5ts4 ,?is skilful manipulation ne$ n be done ) ! consci\sness ( guilt4 ,x may be ! result ( prejudice1 p>ty _s1 bias2 & he himself is n free f objection4 ,) an evid5t endeavor to be imp>tial1 8 education & prejudices lead him to slur ov] "s acts & expatiate on o!rs2 to ascribe to exalt$ piety all ! de$s ( "o p>ty1 & d5y to ! o!r any real religi\s feel+4 ,?is ta9ts all 8 introductory *apt]s on ! religi\s w>s 9 ,france1 prior to #aegb1 giv+ a false light & color to ! :ole4 ,x gives ! impression t real piety1 devotion1 religi\s feel+1 7 n to be f\nd at all among ! ,ca?olics ( ,france1 b 7 ! peculi> attributes ( ! disciples ga9$ by ! emiss>ies s5t f ,g5eva by ,calv94 #c ,biass+ ! read] ?us1 he keeps back ! real ext]m9at+1 de/ructive1 & intol]ant _s ( ! ,hugu5ots1 &1 :ile detail+ "h & !re excesses1 treats z insignificant ! conspiracy ( ,amboise1 ,coligny's complicity 9 ,poltrot's assass9ation ( ! ,duke ( ,guise1 ,que5 ,jane's ru?less extirpation ( ,ca?olicity1 ! ,mi*elade1 & ! fe>ful but*]y enact$ by ,montgom]y at ,or!z1 a small place :]e1 nev]!less1 ! ,ca?olic victims numb]$1 accord+ to 8 own figures1 ?ree ?\s&1 halt :at he claims z ! numb] ( ,prote/ant victims at ,p>is on ! bloody day ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew4 ,nor is he m happy 9 depict+ ! !ories & ideas ( ! two p>ties4 ,comp>e ! ,prote/ants 9 ,france ) ! e>ly ,*ri/ians & ! diff]5ce w be se54 ,! ,re=m]s ev]y:]e 7 aggressive & intol]ant4 ,!y did n ask m]ely lib]ty to adopt new religi\s views & practise !m4 ,!y did1 inde$1 raise ! cry ( religi\s fre$om--fre$om ( wor%ip--fre$om ( consci5ce2 b :at did ^! words really mean8 ,!y meant ! suppression ( ! ,ca?olic wor%ip1 ! ext]m9ation ( ! prie/hood & religi\s ord]s1 ! pillage & defac+ ( ,ca?olic *ur*es1 & ! de/ruction ( pa9t+s1 /atues1 relics1 & crosses4 ,:5 ?is 0 done1 !y proclaim$ religi\s lib]ty4 ,?us1 at ,lyons1 9 #aefb1 ! ,mass 0 aboli%$1 lib]ty ( consci5ce proclaim$1 9 two consecutive clauses4 ,! utt] absurdity ( su* a connection does n /rike ,mr4 ,:ite1 nor w x /rike _m ,engli% read]s z x does a ,ca?olic e>4 ,! ,prote/ant _s has s falsifi$ ideas t we con/antly he> ! same inconsi/5cy4 ,! en?usia/ic son ( ,new ,engl& claims t ! ,puritan fa!rs e/abli%$ fre$om to wor%ip ,god accord+ to ! dictates ( consci5ce1 :51 9 fact1 !y claim$ only ! "r to wor%ip = !mselves & d5i$ x to all o!rs2 ! son ( ,rhode ,isl& claims ,rog] ,williams z ! real f\nd] ( tol]ation1 & yet 8 fanatical opposition to ! slighte/ semblance to ,ca?olicity 0 su* t he exhort$ ! tra9$ b&s n to m>* "u ! ,engli% flag because x _h ! cross on x2 ! hi/orian ( ,new ,york1 or ! m elaborate hi/orian ( ! ,ne!rl&s1 w claim = ,holl& ! honor ( e/abli%+ religi\s fre$om1 & we read _! pages ) ! impression t ! p ( ! ,ne!rl&s 7 ,prote/ant1 z a unit2 & t ! republic e/abli%$ aft] ?r[+ (f ! ,spani% yoke made ! l& "o :]e all cre$s met 9 h>mony1 & all m5 7 equal 9 ! eye ( ! law 9 _! religi\s rights4 ,yet :at is ! real fact8 ,f t "t till ! pres5t ne>ly "o half ( ! p ( ! ,ne!rl&s h be5 ,ca?olics4 ,! ,prote/ants1 possess+ a slight num]ical advantage1 rul$1 & to ! ,ca?olics _! rule 0 "o ( iron4 ,!y 7 depriv$ ( all *ur*es1 prohibit$ f erect+ o!rs1 conf9$ to c]ta9 qu>t]s1 subject$ to p5al laws4 ,:]e !n 0 ! fre$om ( wor%ip8 ,9 ! re=m]s' m9ds ^! words _h no application to ,ca?olics4 ,n[1 x 0 ?is aggressive1 intol]ant _s ( ! re=m]s t made ! civil gov]nm5ts 9 c\ntries :i* elect$ to rema9 ,ca?olic s sev]e on ! new religioni/s4 ,! mom5t a =eign emiss>y f ,g5eva ga!r$ a few proselytes1 en\gh to =m a body ( any size1 !n began co>se songs1 ridicul+ & sc(f+ at ! holie/ doctr9es ( ! ,ca?olics2 !n crosses w\ld be brok5 d[n1 crucifixes1 /atues ( ! bless$ ,virg9 & ! sa9ts1 defac$ or de/roy$2 z _! numb]s grew1 prie/s w\ld be driv5 f _! *ur*es or %ot d[n1 & ! edifices !mselves plund]$ & appropriat$ to ! new cre$4 #d ,t su* ?+s c\ld be borne tamely 0 impossible4 ,9 ,france ! gov]nm5t 0 weak & vacillat+4 ,! humbl] & less in/ruct$ portions ( ! ,ca?olic body retaliat$ 9 ! same measure t !y saw met$ out1 & resi/$ a cre$ t us$ abuse & viol5ce1 by abuse & viol5ce4 ,!y _h n ! cant ( _! antagoni/s1 b true religion is n to be measur$ by t /&>d4 ,al>m$ by ! excesses ( ! ,re=m]s else:]e1 ! ,fr5* gov]nm5t attempt$ to repress _! entrance into ,france by p5al laws1 a c\rse t seldom atta9s ! end propos$4 ,! progress ( error 0 to be *eck$ by m assidu\s tea*+ ( ! p by _! pa/ors1 by zeal 9 re=m+ morals1 by in/itutions practically ex]cis+ ! spiritual & corporal works ( m]cy4 ,yet1 :ile conc$+ ! g5]al defici5cy ( p[] 9 p5al laws to *eck ! progress ( religi\s op9ions1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! de/ructive t5ets we h allud$ to made ! increase ( ! ,calv9i/s a dang] to ! peace & well-be+ ( ,france4 ,beza1 9 8 ,pr(ession ( ,fai?1 7v4 ,po9t p4 #aai17 advis$ ! ext]m9ation ( prie/s4 ,calv9 7,apud ,becan1 t4 v4 opusc4 #ag1 aph4 #ae1 ,de modo propag&i ,calv9ismi7 decl>es t ! ,jesuits mu/ be kill$ or cru%$ by falsehood & calumny4 ,! de/ruction ( all repres5tations ( ,*ri/ & 8 sa9ts 0 ! con/ant !me ( ! re=m$ prea*]s1 & "u ?is w> aga9/ idols1 z !y t]m$ !m1 !y includ$ insult & outrage to ! rema9s ( ^? illu/ri\s m5 ( ! pa/ ^: exalt$ virtues _h ende>$ !m to ! ,*ri/ian p4 ,f t day to ?is ,prote/antism has sanction$ ! outrages ?us advis$ & ?us committ$4 ,! "r ( ,prote/ants to demoli%1 on any slight pretext1 ,ca?olic *ur*es1 conv5ts1 %r9es1 monum5ts1 or pictures1 seems ev5 n[ a sort ( self-evid5t axiom1 its ex]cise be+ regulat$ m]ely by gr\nds ( exp$i5cy4 ,engl& & ! ,unit$ ,/ates c %[ _! examples ( ?is1 ev5 9 ! pres5t c5tury2 9 ! la/1 ! outrages committ$ by ,new ,engl& troops 9 ,canada & ,acadia :5ev] a ,ca?olic *ur* fell into _! p[]2 ! c>eful aim+ ( cannon at ! mona/ic build+s 9 ! siege ( ,quebec2 ! exp$ition aga9/ ,l\isburg1 ) ! *apla9 be>+ an axe to demoli% ! idols2 at once sugge/ !mselves to ! m9d4 ,t ,ca?olics possess$ any "r to _! own *ur*es1 _! own ideas ( wor%ip1 0 nev] ent]ta9$ = a mom5t4 ,! civil law might ju/ly repress su* m51 if n on ! simple gr\nd ( tea*+ false doctr9es1 at lea/ = _! claim ( "r to de/roy ! lib]ty ( ^? :o pr(ess$ ! religion ( _! ance/ors4 ,= "s ye>s ! re=m ga9$ sl[ly 9 ,france1 ! emiss>ies ( ,calv9 nev] relax+ _! ef=ts1 & f9ally w9n+ to _! side ,que5 ,jane ( ,nav>re1 ! ,pr9ce ( ,cond & ! ?ree fam\s bro!rs ( ! h\se ( ,*atillon1 ,d',&elot1 ,admiral ,coligny1 f9d ! pr(ligate ,c>d9al ,odet4 ,by ?is "t ! ,prote/ant *ur*es1 true to _! aggressive "*1 assum$ a milit>y organization1 z ,:ite 7p4 #bc7 & ,fauriel1 a rec5t ,fr5* ,prote/ant au?or1 admit1 & aim$ at ! ov]?r[ alike ( ,ca?olicity & royalty4 ,?is secret prep>ation = an arm$ attempt to secure ! ma/]y ( ,france _h1 by #aefj1 atta9$ its full developm5t4,footnote #b #e ,! mom5t _h come = a gr& ef=t :i* 0 to ext]m9ate ,ca?olicity f ,france z utt]ly z x has be5 f ,sw$51 :]e n ev5 gratitude = _! =emo/ /ruggle = indep5d5ce sav$ ! ,ca?olic ,dalec>lians f annihilation4 ,footnote #b3 ,consult ,mmoires de ,saulx ,tavannes1 p4 #bi2 ,lavalle1 ,hi/oire des ,franais1 i4 p4 #ege2 ,fauriel1 ,essai sur les ,evnem5ts qui ont prcd et ant5 le ,/4 ,b>?lemy1 p4 #ai- ,! position ( affairs 9 ,france ju/ifi$ ! hopes ( ! re=m]s4 ,!re 7 ?ree p>ties 9 ! /ate--! e>ne/ ,ca?olic p>ty1 head$ by ! ,guises ( ,lorra9e2 ! ,hugu5ot p>ty1 direct$ by ,calv91 ) ,cond 9 ,france z its future k+1 & ,coligny z its ma/]-_s2 &1 z usual 9 su* cases1 a ?ird p>ty ( weak m51 :o hamp]$ ! ,ca?olics1 & ?us /r5g!n$ _! oppon5ts1 by hesitation1 unc]ta9ty1 & fitfulness4 ,! que5 "m1 ,ca?>9e de ,m$icis1 dislik$ ! h\se ( ,lorra9e m ?an %e lov$ ,ca?olicity2 &1 jeal\s ( ! gr[+ p[] ( ! ,guises1 0 n dis9cl9$ to see ! p>ty ( ,cond c\nt]balance x4 ,h5ce1 %e g5]ally ?rew h] influ5ce into ! ?ird p>ty1 9 :i* figur$ ! ,duke d',al5on1 ! ,montmor5cies1 ,coss1 ,biron1 & to :i* m5 l ! fam\s ,*ancellor l',hopital gave _! influ5ce4 ,h[ little ! true ,ca?olic _s1 z we und]/& x n[1 prevail$ among ! high] nobility1 may be inf]r$ f ! fact t ! two great ,prote/ant lead]s1 ,cond & ,coligny1 7 bro!rs ( c>d9als1 _! close relation%ip to pr9ces ( ! ,roman ,*ur* ex]t+ no influ5ce4 ,"o ( ^! c>d9als apo/atiz$1 &1 aft] defy+ ! pope1 fl$ to ,engl&1 to be poison$ by 8 valet2 ! o!r 0 a m]e figure 9 ! /irr+ sc5es & times 9 :i* he liv$4 ,francis ,,ii41 husb& ( ,m>y1 ,que5 ( ,scots1 on asc5d+ ! ?rone1 plac$ ! control ( affairs 9 ! h&s ( 8 uncles1 ! ,c>d9al ( ,lorra9e & ! ,duke ( ,guise4 ,?is meant a firm gov]nm5t1 n "o to tol]ate an imp]ium 9 imp]io--a p[] able to put 9 ! field1 z ,coligny boa/$1 "o hundr$ & fifty ?\s& m54 ,enc\rag$ by ! edict ( ,janu>y1 #aefj1 ! masses ( ! re=m$ p>ty 71 ev]y:]e t _! numb]s p]mitt$ x1 seiz+ ,ca?olic *ur*es & mona/]ies1 expell+ ! inmates1 demoli%+ e ve/ige ( ! anci5t fai?4 ,:ile !y 7 ?us committ+ !mselves1 & ov]aw+ ! ,ca?olics1 ! lead]s =m$ ! celebrat$ plot ( ,amboise to assass9ate ! ,guises1 seize ! p]son ( ! k+1 &1 ( c\rse1 ! control ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,9 spite ( 8 disav[al1 made aft] x _h fail$1 ,calv9 really approv$ ( x at fir/4 ,?is ,:ite d5ies1 7p4 #hb27 b ! lett] to ,/urm1 cit$ by ,g&y1 7p4 #bh17 is decisive2 & 9 ! v lett] :]e he seems to condemn 8 foll[]s1 he says3 ,_h !y n be5 oppos$1 9 "t our p w\ld h seiz$ _m *ur*es2 444 b !re1 too1 !y yield$ ) ! same weakness4 7,bullet9 de la ,socit de l',hi/oire du ,prote/antisme ,franais1 i4 p4 #bej47 ,coligny's complicity is z evid5t4 ,! o/5sible lead] 0 ,b>y de la ,r5audie1 ^: enmity to ,guise1 says ,:ite1 probably made him r5\nce 8 religion & jo9 ! re=m]s4 ,prote/ant writ]s all admit t ! plot ( ,amboise w\ld1 if successful1 h ov]?r[n ,ca?olicity = ev] 9 ,france4 ,! ,guises saw ! dang] to !mselves1 to ,ca?olicity1 & to royalty1 & act$ ) promptness & en]gy4 #f ,e road & av5ue lead+ to ! place 0 gu>d$1 & ! sep>ate b&s ( ! conspirators z !y came up 7 met & cru%$1 la ,r5audie1 ! o/5sible lead]1 be+ sla94 ,!n foll[$ a s]ies ( t]rible crim9al proce$+s4 ,! p>tisans ( ! rebellion 7 tri$1 condemn$1 & execut$ ) z little m]cy z ,engli% rul]s ev] manife/$ to ,iri% rebels4 ,:ite puts ! numb] execut$ at "o ?\s& two hundr$1 b cites no au?orities to ju/ify s l>ge an e/imate4 ,aft] ?is affair at ,amboise1 ! political "* ( ! ,hugu5ots1 z ,:ite admits1 became m prom95t1 & prov$ ! tempor>y de/ruction ( ,fr5* ,prote/antism4 ,! re=m]s committ$ _m outrages on ! ,ca?olics aft] ! failure at ,amboise1 especially 9 ! di/ricts :]e ,montbrun & ,m\vans swept ?r\gh ) ! h& ( de/ruction1 till ! latt] p]i%$ mis]ably at ,draguignan4 ,!n foll[$ a new ,hugu5ot plot1 =m$ by ,cond & 8 bro!r ,an?ony1 b ,francis ,,ii4 rais$ a consid]able =ce1 &1 m>*+ d[n1 ov]aw$ !m4 ,cond & ! o!r ,hugu5ot lead]s 7 summon$ to appe> be=e him4 ,d',&elot fl$2 ,cond appe>$1 0 tri$1 & condemn$2 b be=e any o!r /eps 7 tak5 ,francis ,,ii4 di$ 9 ,novemb]4 ,did y ev] he> or read ( any?+ s opportune z ! dea? ( ! little k+8 wrote ,calv92 & ,beza glori$ ov] ! f\l dea? ( ! mis]able boy4 ,*>les ,,ix4 became k+1 ) 8 "m1 ,ca?>9e de ,m$icis1 z reg5t1 & %e s\ght to weak5 ! p[] ( ! ,guises4 ,cond 0 releas$ f prison1 8 bro!r ,an?ony made lieut5ant-g5]al ( ! k+dom4 ,an assembly ( ! ,?ree ,e/ates 0 conv5$1 b dissolv$ )\t effect+ any good4 ,?r\gh\t ! l&1 ! ,hugu5ots employ$ abuse & viol5ce1 draw+ on !mselves fe>ful puni%m5t4 ,/ill1 "u ,ca?>9e's fickle favor1 ! ,hugu5ots 7 /eadily ga9+ gr\nd1 & ! ,colloquy at ,poissy1 9 #aefb1 :]e ,beza appe>$ 9 p]son1 01 9 its actual result & 9 moral effect1 a victory to ! re=m]s4 ,! c\nt5ance ( ! c\rt gave !m boldness4 ,! ,ca?olic p>ty saw ! evid5t dang] & 7 l\d 9 _! compla9ts1 b ?is only made collisions m frequ5t3 "o p>ty elate ) hope & triumph1 ! o!r see+ naught b trea*]y & viol5ce4 ,x ne$$ b a sp>k to k9dle a conflagration2 at la/ x came4 ,on ,corpus ,*ri/i1 9 #aefa1 z ! procession ( ! bless$ sacram5t mov$ ?r\gh ! /reets ( ,lyons1 a ,hugu5ot ru%$ ^u ! (ficiat+ cl]gyman & endeavor$ to wre/ ! consecrat$ ho/ f 8 h&s4 ,s d>+ an outrage r\s$ ! ,ca?olics to fury4 ,9 an in/ant ! :ole city 0 9 arms1 & ! innoc5t aton$ 9 blood = ! madness ( "o4 ,ev5 9 ,p>is itself simil> riots took place1 & fifty ,ca?olics 7 kill$ or w\nd$ at ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,m$>d1 into :i* ,d',&elot rode on horseback at ! head ( ! ,hugu5ots4 ,! edict ( ,janu>y1 #aefb1 came at la/ to effect a peace4 ,by its provisions ! ,prote/ants 7 to re/ore ! *ur*es !y _h seiz$1 to cease _! abuse ( ! ,ca?olic c]emonies 9 pr9t or disc\rse1 &1 9 return1 7 all[$ to hold meet+s un>m$ outside ! city1 b _! m9i/]s 7 n to g f t[n to t[n prea*+4 #g ,! measure ( tol]ation ?us grant$ may n seem excessive1 b x 0 f> great] ?an any ,prote/ant p[] !n1 or long subsequ5tly1 grant$ to su* subjects z pref]r$ n to *ange _! cre$4 ,! measure1 h[ev]1 fail$ to produce tranquillity4 ,! ,hugu5ots1 f> f re/or+ :at !y _h seiz$1 cont9u$ _! acts ( viol5ce4 ,at ,nismes ! *ur*es & conv5ts 7 attack$ & pr(an$1 :ile 9 ,gascony & ,langu$oc ! re=m]s _h e/abli%$ su* a reign ( t]ror t = =ty leagues ar\nd no ,ca?olic prie/ dur/ %[ himself4 ,montpelli]1 ,montauban1 & ,ca/res beheld simil> pr(anations ( *ur*es4 ,coligny1 a prototype ( ,cromwell 9 app>5t fanaticism1 9 milit>y skill1 9 rel5tless cruelty t[>d ! ,ca?olic cl]gy1 l ! ,puritan lead] ( ! next c5tury1 look$ beyond ! ,atlantic4 ,he _h project$ a ,prote/ant colony ( refuge 9 ,brazil2 its failure did n prev5t 8 r5ew+ ! attempt 9 ,florida4 ,9 ! mon? foll[+ t 9 :i* ! edict 0 issu$1 he despat*$ ,john ,ribaut to lay ! f\ndation ( a ,fr5* colony 9 ,am]ica4 ,he seems to h be5 plann+ a retreat aga9/ sudd5 disa/] 9 ! w> !y 7 rapidly prep>+4 ,! fate ( t colony is well kn[n4 ,at ,vassy1 9 ,m>*1 a ,hugu5ot congregation came into collision ) ! ,duke ( ,guise2 acc\nts diff] widely z to ! details4 ,! duke ass]t$ t 8 m5 7 attack$4 ,on be+ /ruck 9 ! face ) a /one1 he cri$ to 8 m5 to %[ no qu>t]1 &1 accord+ to ,:ite1 fifty or sixty 7 kill$ & two hundr$ w\nd$4 ,9 a mom5t ! affair 0 tak5 up & e*o$ ?r\gh ,france4 ,x 0 wor? an army to ! cause ( rebellion4 ,! milit>y *ur*es rose4 ,s complete 0 _! organization t almo/ simultane\sly ?irty-five cities 7 tak51 ! ,cev5nes1 ! ,viv>rais1 & ! ,comt ,v5aiss9 7 9 revolt4 ,ev]y:]e ! ,ca?olic wor%ip 0 suppress$1 ! *ur*es /ripp$1 ! cl]gy bani%$1 :ile ! ri*es torn f ! %r9es & alt>s enabl$ !m to ma9ta9 ! w>4 ,! %r9e ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs1 v5]at$ & enri*$ by ! piety ( ,france dur+ a ?\s& ye>s1 gave ,cond1 pr9ce ( ! blood1 a million two ?\s& livres to deva/ate ,france4 ,to add to _! /r5g?1 ! ,hugu5ots !n =m$ ! treaty ( ,hampton ,c\rt ) ,elizabe?1 & by x agre$ to re/ore ,calais to ,engl&4 ,z we h se51 !y took ,lyons1 &1 aft] massacr+ prie/s & religi\s1 aboli%$ ! ,mass1 & ) ! same brea? decl>$ t e "o %\ld be free 9 8 religion4 ,z ! ,ca?olics 7 unprep>$1 city aft] city fell into _! h&s1 till no less ?an two hundr$ 7 swept by ^! deva/at+ hordes1 fi]c] ?an ,go? or ,v&al4 ,! hi/ory ( e ,fr5* city m>ks at ?is epo* ! de/ruction ( all t ! pa/ _h rev]$4 ,orleans1 ,mans1 ,troyes1 ,t\rs1 ,bayeux1 all repeat ! same /ory4 ,ev]y:]e prie/s1 religi\s ( bo? sexes1 ,ca?olic laity1 7 but*]$ & mutilat$ ) e b>b>ity4 ,! ,b>on des ,adrets /&s =? z ! t]rible but*] ( ?is p]iod1 :o made 8 b>b>ity a sport1 & tra9$ ! m9d ( ,france to savage inhumanity4 ,9 ! little t[n ( ,montbrison1 9 ,augu/1 #aefb1 he slaught]$ m ?an eight hundr$ m51 wom51 & *ildr54 ,! rec5t ,fr5* hi/orian1 ,m>t91 ^: "w is 9 process ( publication 9 ?is c\ntry1 glosses ov] ?is p]iod by m]ely allud+ to ! pr(anation & pillage ( ! ,ca?olic *ur*es & religi\s h\ses4 #h ,e local hi/ory 9 ,france1 h[ev]1 atte/s ! slaught] & mutilation ( ! cl]gy1 ! la/ infamy always popul>ly ascrib$ to ! ord] ( ,coligny4 ,beza1 writ+ 9 ,janu>y1 #aefb1 admits t ! ,prote/ants ( ,aquita9e1 ?\gh enjoy+ full religi\s lib]ty1 massacr$ prie/s & wi%$ to ext]m9ate _! enemies4 ,?is sudd5 rebellion 0 ! "w ( ,coligny1 :o1 ) 8 army ( religi\s en?usia/s1 & all ! re/less1 facti\s1 & discont5t$1 :o l9k$ _! =tunes to a p>ty ^: triumph w\ld involve confiscation ( ! weal? ( ! *ur*1 ) ,g]man m]c5>ies & ,engli% plund]]s1 swept ?r\gh ! l& ) pray] on 8 lips & treason 9 8 he>t4 ,he cloak$ 8 treason "u ! hypocritical pretext t he 0 9 arms n aga9/ ! k+1 b aga9/ ! k+'s advis]s4 ,:ite all[s himself to be delud$ by ?is hypocritical %am1 & 9 sev]al places c5sures ! treasonable conduct ( ! ,c>d9al ( ,lorra9e & o!rs1 :o wrote to ! ,k+ ( ,spa9 solicit+ 8 aid to save ,ca?olicity 9 ,france1 :ile ,coligny1 9 arms aga9/ 8 k+1 mak+ treaties ) ,elizabe? ( ,engl&1 introduc+ into ,france ,engli% & ,g]man m]c5>ies1 is nev] br&$ z a traitor at all4 ,& if ,cond & ,coligny m]ely s\ght to bani% ! ,guises1 h[ 0 t to be effect$ by pillag+ ,ca?olic *ur*es8 ,!y took up arms to ext]m9ate ! lead]s ( ! ,ca?olic p>ty & ! cl]gy1 suppress ! ,ca?olic wor%ip1 & place ,cond on ! ?rone4 ,:ite1 too1 c5sures ! pope = int]f]+1 b neglects to put be=e 8 read] ! fact t "p ( ,france1 ! ,comt ,v5aiss91 !n belong$ to ! ,holy ,see1 & t 9 t "p ! ,hugu5ots 7 committ+ ! same ravages4 ,mean:ile ! royal armies ralli$2 &1 z a fir/ /ep1 endeavor$ to induce ! ,hugu5ot lead]s to lay d[n _! arms4 ,cond 0 s f> influ5c$ by ! (f]s made1 t he agre$ to leave ,france if ,guise w\ld d ! same1 b ,beza trav]s$ ! projects ( peace4 ,he bes\ght ! pr9ce1 says ,:ite1 n to give ov] ! good "w he _h begun1 :i* ,god1 ^: honor x conc]n$1 w\ld br+ to p]fection4 ,negotiation fail+1 ! royal troops began ! campaign to recov] ! conqu]$ cities4 ,blois1 ,t\rs1 ,poiti]s1 ,ang]s1 ,b\rges1 & ,r\5 7 at once retak51 & ,orleans1 ! /ronghold ( re=m1 besieg$4 ,9 ! battle ( ,dreux1 f\ght on ! #ai? ( ,decemb]1 ! rebels 7 utt]ly defeat$1 ,cond rema9+ a prison] 9 ! h&s ( ! royal =ces4 ,:ile besieg+ ,orleans1 7,febru>y #ah?17 ,guise 0 assass9at$ by ,jean ,mr de ,poltrot1 a man :om ,coligny aid$ ) money1 & :o _h reveal$ to t nobleman 8 project ( murd]4 ,:ite's endeavor to exculpate ,coligny is v lame4 ,he deems x suspici\s t ,poltrot 0 execut$ at once )\t 8 be+ confront$ ) ,coligny2 z ?\gh ! rebel g5]al w\ld h come into c\rt = ! purpose1 9 ! v heat ( ! civil w>4 ,he f9ally1 h[ev]1 admits3 ,?is leaves no d\bt t ,coligny ass5t$1 if he did n cons5t1 to ! crime4 ,he 0 n unwill+ to pr(it by x1 ?\gh he w\ld d no?+ to fur!r x4 ,?is may dim9i% ! l(ty moral p$e/al on :i* "s writ]s h plac$ ! ,prote/ant h]o2 b he 0 a man1 & _h all a man's fail+s1 ?\gh he may h controll$ !m by 8 religi\s pr9ciples4 ,nor 0 assass9ation consid]$ at all c[>dly or disgraceful 9 ^? days2 n m s ?an kill+ a man 9 a duel 01 until v rec5tly1 among u4 #i ,z he knew ! project & gave money1 x is h>d to see h[ he w\ld d no?+ to fur!r x4 ,t he _h all a man's fail+s is a v loose =m ( spee*2 s loose & broad t1 if assass9ation 0 n !n deem$ c[>dly or disgraceful1 ! subsequ5t kill+ ( ,coligny himself1 a man ) all a man's fail+s1 c sc>cely be deem$ c[>dly or disgraceful4 ,9 fact1 at ! "t1 ! ,prote/ant p>ty op5ly def5d$ ! murd] ( ,guise1 & ,beza1 n exempt himself f suspicion ( complicity1 conf]r$ on ,poltrot ! m>tyr's cr[n4 ,! ,ca?olic p>ty1 ?us depriv$ ( its be/ milit>y lead]1 7= ,montmor5cy 0 a prison]1 & ,/4 ,&re 0 but*]$ 9 cold blood aft] ! battle ( ,dreux17 aga9 incl9$ to peace4 ,a negotiation1 op5$ ?r\gh ,cond1 result$ 9 ! pacification ( ,amboise1 ,m>* #ai?1 #aefc4 ,?is gave ea* man lib]ty to pr(ess ! religion ( 8 *oice 9 8 own domicile1 b re/rict$ public wor%ip ( ! ,prote/ants m ?an ! edict ( ,janu>y _h done4 ,! conf]5ce at ,bayonne betwe5 ! ,fr5* & ,spani% c\rts has (t5 be5 repres5t$ z a plot = ! utt] ext]m9ation ( ! ,hugu5ots4 ,:ite %[s t x 0 b a s]ies ( fe/ivities2 & ?\gh ! tr\bles 7 spok5 (1 nei!r c\rt c\nsell$ viol5t measures4 ,ev5 ,alva w5t no fur!r ?an sugge/+ ! seizure ( ! mo/ turbul5t lead]s4 ,*>les himself1 favorable at ,bayonne1 became embitt]$ aga9/ ! re=m]s1 z ,:ite himself /ates1 by :at he saw z he return$ ?r\gh ! /ates ( ! ,que5 ( ,nav>re1 :o _h1 ) rel5tless fury1 extirpat$ ,ca?olicity f h] t]ritory4 ,! pacification c\ld n re/ore peace to ! excit$ public m9d :ile ! two antagoni/ic p>ties /ood face to face4 ,! favor %[n to ,cond aft] he jo9$ 9 expell+ 8 ,engli% allies f ,havre1 z well z to ,coligny1 :om ,montmor5cy summon$ to g>rison ,p>is1 embold5$ ! re=m]s4 ,! rema9+ ,ca?olic *ur*es began to und]go ! t]rible pr(anation t visit$ s _m1 & ) ?is came retaliation4 ,! ,prote/ant pr9ces 9 ,g]many at ?is "t appeal$ to ,*>les to %[ l5ity to _! fell[-believ]s 9 8 k+dom4 ,! ,fr5* mon>* rebuk$ _! int]m$dl+1 & add$1 ,i might also pray !m to p]mit ! ,ca?olics to wor%ip freely 9 _! own cities4 ,& ,:ite admits t ! ,ca?olics !re f>$ no bett] ?an ! ,hugu5ots 9 ,france4 ,mean:ile ! ,hugu5ot p>ty 0 prep>+ = a new ef=t to obta9 complete control4 ,a =ce rais$ to wat* ! ,spani% movem5ts 9 ! ,l[ ,c\ntries 0 made ! pretext4 ,a plot 0 =m$ to seize ! k+ & 8 "m1 & ,coligny1 to bl9d ! c\rt1 rema9$ sup]9t5d+ 8 v9ey>ds4 ,b on ! #bh? ( ,septemb]1 #aefg1 all ,france 0 9 flames4 ,fifty t[ns 7 seiz$1 & a /rong =ce ( ,hugu5ot cavalry da%$ ^u ,meaux to seize ! k+4 ,*>les1 ne>ly entrapp$ by ! speci\s ,l',hopital1 rea*$ ,p>is1 protect$ by a body ( g5tlem5 "u ! ,duke de ,nem\rs1 b ,cond press$ s close t ,*>les m ?an once turn$ on 8 pursu]s1 & f\ght at ! head ( 8 little body-gu>d4 ,z be=e1 ! ,ca?olics 7 )\t union or plan1 :ile ! ,hugu5ots 7 an organiz$ body ( secret conspirators1 act+ on a well-conc]t$ plan4 #aj ,prote/ant allegiance to a ,ca?olic mon>* has nev] be5 v /rong2 inde$1 x seems simply a creature ( circum/ance1 n a matt] ( obligation4 ,! attempt to set aside a ,ca?olic sov]eign aft] ! dea? ( ,edw>d ,,vi4 & ( ,*>les ,,ii4 has nev] be5 treat$ z a crime4 ,9 ! same _s1 ,:ite sees no?+ wrong 9 ,cond except failure3 ,8 failure 7to seize ! k+'s p]son7 made him a traitor z well z a rebel4 ,& yet1 ) t /range p]v]sity ( ideas t seems inh]5t 9 8 s*ool1 he at once br&s ! ,c>d9al ( ,lorra9e z a traitor = invit+ 9 ! ,k+ ( ,spa91 z ,cond _h ,elizabe?4 ,! battle ( ,/4 ,d5is1 "u ! walls ( ,p>is1 co/ ! royal p>ty ! life ( ,montmor5cy1 :ile x gave !m a d\btful victory4 ,! usual horrors aga9 desolat$ ,france4 ,nismes1 9 #aefg1 witness$ its fam\s ,mi*elade1 or massacre ( ! ,ca?olics4 ,x 0 a delib]ate act4 ,:ite says none has attempt$ to ju/ify x4 ,he puts ! numb] ( victims at sev5ty or eighty1 b cites no au?ority4 ,mesn>d1 9 8 ,hi/oire de ,nismes2 & ,vaissette1 9 8 ,hi/oire ,gnrale de ,langu$oc1 make x f "o hundr$ & fifty to ?ree hundr$4 ,! milit>y op]ations cont9u$ until ,ca?>9e visit$ ! ,hugu5ot camp1 & effect$ ! treaty ( ,longjumeau1 7,m>* #bj?1 #aefh47 ,b ?is peace 0 z holl[ z ! re/4 ,:ite *>ges t ! ,ca?olics put numb]s ( ,prote/ants to dea?4 ,! ,hugu5ots c]ta9ly cont9u$ _! de/ruction ( ,ca?olic *ur*es4 ,brequemant1 "o ( _! lead]s1 says ,:ite1 *e]$ !m on to murd]1 we>+ a /r+ ( prie/s' e>s ar\nd 8 neck4 ,at la/ ! ,ca?olics saw ! necessity ( organiz+1 & 9 ,june1 #aefh1 a ,*ri/ian & ,royal ,league 0 =m$ at ,*ampagne1 to ma9ta9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,france1 & pres]ve ! cr[n 9 ! h\se ( ,valois1 s long z x %all gov]n accord+ to ! ,ca?olic & ,apo/olic religion4 ,?is ,:ite qualifies z a =midable league t %ook ! ?rone1 & br\ght ,france to ! br9k ( de/ruction3 :ile he has no su* t]ms to apply to ! milit>y organization ( ! ,hugu5ot *ur*es1 :i* 0 endeavor+ to seize ! gov]nm5t1 & raise ,cond to ! ?rone "u ! "n ( ,l\is ,,xiii4 ,! ,ca?olics did n act too soon4 ,! ,hugu5ots 7 aga9 ripe = action4 ,! lead]s retir$ to ,ro*elle1 & ,france 0 aga9 9 arms4 ,elizabe? s5t to ,ro*elle m51 arms1 & money2 ! ,pr9ce ( ,orange also promis$ aid4 ,! fir/ great battle 0 f\ght at ,j>nac1 ,m>* #ac?1 #aefi1 :]e ,cond 0 defeat$ & kill$4 ,&elot di$ soon aft]1 9 ,may1 & ,duke ,wolfgang1 ( ,deux ,ponts1 :o br\ght f\rte5 ?\s& ,g]mans to swell ! ,hugu5ot ranks1 soon foll[$4 ,coligny ga9$ "s advantage 9 ! action at ,ro*e ,abeille1 %[+ t]rible cruelty to ! prison]s2 b 9 ! battle ( ,moncont\r 8 army ( eighte5 ?\s& 0 scatt]$ to ! w9ds1 sc>cely a ?\s& be+ left ar\nd him4 ,!n cries = qu>t] 7 met by %\ts ( ,rememb] ,ro*e ,abeille6 ,retreat+1 ,coligny 0 jo9$ by ,montgom]y1 fre% f t t]rible massacre ( ,or!z1 be=e :i* ,/4 ,b>?olomew itself pales1 ?ree ?\s& ,ca?olics hav+ be5 but*]$1 )\t reg>d to age or sex1 & ! riv] ,gave be+ actually damm$ up by ! bodies ( ! ,ca?olics4 ,! indecisive action ( ,arnay le ,due l$ to negotiations result+ 9 ! treaty ( ,/4 ,g]ma91 ,augu/1 #aegj4 #aa ,^! treaties are diff]5tly view$4 ,! proposal = !m always came f ! c\rt1 & foll[$ e victory ga9$ by ! ,ca?olic p>ty4 ,:ite w\ld make !m out to be traps laid by ,ca?>9e2 ,g&y seems to lean to ! same solution 9 attribut+ !m to h]1 ?\gh he makes h] object to h be5 to prev5t ! ,guises f be+ complete ma/]s4 ,b may we n suppose ! ,ca?olic p>ty s9c]e 9 _! wi% = peace8 ,!y 7 nev] fir/ to take up arms2 !y 7 unorganiz$2 ! c\rt 0 wav]+1 & always conta9$ a numb] ( secret allies ( ! ,hugu5ot cause4 ,t ! ,hugu5ot lead]s1 aft] a defeat1 %\ld ?r\gh ^! raise a peace p>ty at c\rt w\ld be a matt] ( c\rse4 ,! peace gave !m all !y ne$$--"t to prep>e = a new campaign4 ,*>les ,,ix4 0 s9c]e 9 8 wi% to make ! treaty ( ,/4 ,g]ma9 a reality4 ,9 ! int]val ( tranquillity he m>ri$1 & turn$ 8 ?\ghts to =eign affairs1 propos+ to aid ! ,ne!rl&s aga9/ ! ,k+ ( ,spa94 ,b ! ,hugu5ot lead]s kept toge!r 9 ! /rong city ( ,ro*elle1 ready = prompt action4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 ,coligny1 9 ,septemb]1 #aega1 repair$ to c\rt1 :]e he 0 receiv$ by ,*>les ) great cordiality4 ,two m>riage s*emes 7 n[ set on foot to /r5g!n ! ,prote/ant cause--! m>riage ( ,h5ry ( ,nav>re ) ,m>g>et1 si/] ( ,*>les ,,ix41 & ! m>riage ( 8 bro!r1 ,d',al5on1 to ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,ev5 ,jane1 ,que5 ( ,nav>re1 came to ,blois to negotiate 9 reg>d to ! m>riage ( h] son4 ,coligny s f> ga9$ ,*>les t a ,fr5* =ce took ,mons1 & an army "u ,g5lis1 m>*+ to t place1 0 defeat$ by ! ,spani>ds1 "u ,don ,f$]igo de ,tol$o4 ,! m>riage ( ,h5ry took place on ! #ah? ( ,augu/1 & seem$ to confirm ,coligny's p>am\nt influ5ce at c\rt4 ,?is influ5ce1 ?us sudd5ly acquir$1 is 9 itself a great my/]y4 ,:y ,*>les %\ld ?us take to 8 confid5ce a man :o _h s rec5tly & s repeat$ly organiz$ arm$ treason1 :o _h ravag$ & desolat$ half 8 k+dom1 :o _h laid 9 ru9s ne>ly half ! *ur*es & religi\s e/abli%m5ts ( ,france1 has nev] be5 satisfactorily expla9$4 ,t ,*>les 0 a m]e hypocrite1 & t 8 conduct 0 "p ( a conc]t$ plot1 does n seem at all w>rant$ by any evid5ce t des]ves consid]ation4 ,t he c\ld really h conceiv$ s sudd5 an atta*m5t1 confid5ce1 & respect = ! admiral c be expla9$ only z "o ( ! sudd5 freaks ( a man ^: m9d 0 ecc5tric to ! v v]ge ( insanity4 ,b ,coligny really rul$ 9 ! c\ncils ( ,france2 ! ,guises 71 9 a mann]1 bani%$ f c\rt4 ,ca?>9e & ,anj\ saw _! influ5ce daily decrease4 ,coligny insi/$ on w> ) ,spa91 & pla9ly told ,*>les t he mu/ fight ,spa9 or 8 own subjects--use ! ,hugu5ots to aid ,holl& aga9/ ,philip ,,ii41 or behold civil w> aga9 ravag+ ,france4 ,ca?>9e /rongly oppos$ ?is w>like _s1 & s\ght means to rega9 h] lo/ p[]4 ,! arrogant attitude ( ,coligny 0 fa/ unit+ all :om jeal\sy or p]sonal int]e/ _h divid$4 ,z (t5 happ5s1 x ne$$ b a sp>k to k9dle a va/ conflagration4 ,"o ( ! great hi/orical que/ions has be5 z to ! prem$itation ( ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew4 ,! ,hugu5ot pamphlete]s ( ! day1 foll[$ by ! ov]rat$ ,de ,?\1 ,voltaire & 8 s*ool1 & ! less temp]ate ,ca?olic writ]s1 ma9ta9 t ! plot 0 long be=e conc]t$4 #ab ,:ite1 by 8 *a9 ( au?orities1 %[s t x 0 at fir/ aim$ at ,coligny only1 & t ! g5]al massacre 0 n prem$itat$4 ,anj\ expressly /ates t1 f9d+ ! influ5ce ( ! admiral dang]\s to himself & 8 "m1 !y det]m9$ to get rid ( him1 & to conc]t means ) ! ,du*ess ( ,nem\rs1 :om alone we v5tur$ to admit into ! plot1 because ( ! mortal hatr$ %e bore to ! admiral1 9 h] m9d ! real murd]] ( h] husb&1 ! ,duke ( ,guise4 ,?is /atem5t ( ,anj\ is support$ by ! te/imony ( ,mi*ieli 7,bas*et1 ,diplomatie ,v5eti5ne1 p4 #eda7 & ( ! nuncio ,salviati4 ,?is makes ! fir/ move "o ( ! c\rt p>ty aga9/ ,coligny p]sonally4 ,! ,ca?olic p>ty1 !n a rec5tly =m$ organization1 _h no "p 9 x2 & yet1 if we may cr$it ! /atem5t ( ,cret9eau ,joly1 :o has nev] deceiv$ z to a docum5t he pr(esses to possess1 ,ca?olicity 9 ,france 0 9 imm95t p]il1 ,coligny hav+1 9 a lett] ( ,june #ae?1 #aegb1 to ! ,pr9ce ( ,orange1 giv5 notice ( an int5d$ g5]al execution ( ! ,ca?olics 9 ,septemb]4 ,if a g5]al massacre 0 plott$1 ! ,ca?olic p>ty 7 to be victims1 n actors4 ,coligny's dea? hav+ be5 decid$ on1 ,h5ry de ,guise 0 admitt$ to ! plot1 & ! execution assign$ to him4 ,x ne$$ little to /imulate him to %oot d[n "o :o _h be5 privy to 8 fa!r's assass9ation4 ,an (fic]1 ei!r ,maurev]t or ,tos+hi1 0 /ation$ 9 a vacant h\se belong+ to ,canon ,villemur1 & z ,coligny rode pa/ fir$ at him1 cutt+ (f ! fir/ f+] ( ! "r h&1 & bury+ a ball 9 8 left arm4 ,*>les 01 z all admit1 n only n privy to ?is act1 b 0 deeply inc5s$ at x4 ,he ord]$ ! assass9 to be pursu$1 &1 9 despat*es to o!r p>ts ( ! k+dom1 gave assurance ( 8 int5tion to adh]e to ! edict ( pacification & to puni% all :o infr+$ x4 ,accompani$ by 8 "m & 8 bro!r ,h5ry1 he w5t1 t same aft]noon1 to see ! admiral4 ,!re a long private conv]sation ensu$ betwe5 ! k+ & ,coligny4 ,:ite gives ?is at l5g? f a life ( ,coligny1 publi%$ 9 #aegf1 b :i* _c surely be held z au?ority4 ,x re/s probably on no bett] s\rce ?an ! ,mmoires de l',etat de ,france4 ,*>les1 9 8 lett] to ! ,fr5* ambassador at ,london1 tells him t ?is vile act proce$s f ! enmity betwe5 ,coligny's h\se & ! h\se ( ,guise4 ,i w take /eps to prev5t _! involv+ my subjects 9 _! qu>rels4 ,:e!r ! int]view *ang$ ! k+'s m9d z to ! s\rce ( ! attempt1 ( c\rse is only conjectural4 ,/ill act+ 9 good fai?1 he appo9t$ a commission ( inquiry1 includ+ memb]s ( bo? religions1 ! ,hugu5ots app>5tly sugge/$ by ,coligny4 ,*>les return$ to 8 palace moody & inc5s$4 ,he ord]$ gu>ds to protect ,coligny aga9/ any fur!r viol5ce1 & by 8 demeanor al>m$ 8 "m & ,h5ry4 ,! ,duke d',aumale & ,h5ri de ,guise1 =esee+ a tempe/1 )drew to ! ,hotel de ,guise1 & %ut !mselves up4 ,! position ( affairs 0 /range en\gh4 ,! admiral 0 n w\nd$ s z to excite any al>m z to 8 recov]y2 ! loss ( a f+] & a bullet-w\nd 9 ! arm1 injuries n requir+1 "o w\ld suppose1 ! n9e physicians & elev5 surgeons call$ 94 #ac ,b x 0 an attempt on ! life ( ! lead] ( _! p>ty1 & ! ,hugu5ots det]m9$ to pursue x at all haz>ds4 ,! m viol5t ( !m m>*$ ?r\gh ! /reets 9 milit>y array1 ?reat5+ n only ! ,guises1 :o 7 consid]$ ! prime mov]s1 b ,anj\1 ! que5-"m1 & ev5 ! k+ himself4 ,!y pass$ ! ,hotel de ,guise ) e m>k ( defiance1 & proce$+ to ! ,l\vre1 made _! way to ! k+'s pres5ce z he sat at supp]1 fi]cely dem&+ v5geance3 ,if ! k+ refuses u ju/ice1 !y cri$1 we w take ! matt] into our own h&s4 ,?is viol5ce c\ld n b h _h its effect on ! k+4 ,at all ev5ts1 x mu/ h made him ready to cr$it any *>ge ( viol5ce br\ght aga9/ !m4 ,ca?>9e 0 cle>ly ov]joy$ at ! false /ep ( ! ,hugu5ots1 z (f]+ h] a means ( escape f h] critical position4 ,on ,saturday1 aft] d9n]1 a cab9et c\ncil 0 held1 & "h1 accord+ to ,tavannes1 ,anj\1 & ,que5 ,m>g>et ( ,nav>re1 x 0 = ! fir/ "t propos$ to ,*>les to put an end to all ! tr\bles by cutt+ (f ,coligny & ! lead]s ( ! p>ty4 ,! c\ncil 0 compos$1 x is said1 ( ,ca?>9e1 ,anj\1 ,nev]s1 ,tavannes1 ,retz1 & ! *ancellor ,birague4 ,( ,ca?>9e & ,anj\1 aft]w>d ,h5ry ,,iii41 we ne$ say no?+4 ,tavannes 0 little b a soldi]1 ready = action4 ,! re/1 /rangely en\gh1 7 ,italians4 ,l\is de ,gonzaga1 ,duke ( ,nev]s by m>riage1 0 timid & easily l$2 ,alb]t de ,gondi1 ,m>%al de ,retz1 fo/]-bro!r ( ! k+1 0 a s*em]2 ,r5 de ,birague is repres5t$ by ,mez]ay z "o :o b5t be=e e brea? ( w9d f ! c\rt4 ,n only 9 ?is c\ncil 0 !re no "o ( ! ,hugu5ot p>ty s rec5tly re/or$ to favor1 b no "o ( ! mod]ate p>ty1 none ev5 ( ! old ,fr5* nobility4 ,all b ,tavannes 7 b\nd to ,ca?>9e1 & w\ld naturally support h]4 ,accord+ to ,anj\ & ,tavannes1 ,ca?>9e urg$ ! necessity ( ! bl[ to prev5t a new civil w>1 = :i* ! ,hugu5ots 7 prep>+1 hav+ s5t = t5 ?\s& ,g]mans & six ?\s& ,swiss1 _! object be+ to place ,h5ry ( ,nav>re on ! ?rone4 ,m>g>et /ates t !y made ! k+ believe 8 life 9 dang]4 ,! nuncio ,salviati1 9 8 despat* ( ,septemb] #b;d1 also ascribes ! k+'s ultimate action to ! in/igation ( ,ca?>9e1 impell$ by h] fe>s4 ,*>les hesitat$ long1 & at la/ yield$1 cry+3 ,kill all1 !n1 t none may live to reproa* me4 ,! words ( '! weak k+1 wr\ght to madness by 8 p]plexities1 seem to h be5 accept$ at once2 & ! s*eme ( murd] took a wid] scope4 ,! ,hugu5ots 7 doom$4 ,! "q arises1 ,_h ,ca?>9e any gr\nd = *>g+ ! ,hugu5ots ) a plot aga9/ ! k+8 ,a despat* ( ! ,duke ( ,alva _h be5 receiv$1 ann\nc+ x4 ,:ite d]ides ! idea z prepo/]\s4 ,g&y exam9es ! subject1 & admits t ! *>ge lacks all requisite pro(4 ,he ascribes ! :ole to fe>4 ,b ?is does n seem to expla9 x suffici5tly4 ,! fact ( a plot =m$ aft] ,coligny's w\nd mu/ h be5 e/abli%$ 9 "s degree at lea/1 to h br\ght ! k+ to ! policy ( ! que5-"m4 ,! b$ ( ju/ice on ! #bf?1 ! solemn decl>ation ( ,*>les1 ! action ( ! ,p>liam5t1 may h be5 ra% & unsupport$ by prop] te/imony1 b 7 to all appe>ance s9c]e4 #ad ,*>les 0 n a hypocrite4 ,! decl>ations ( ,b\*avannes z to :at 0 propos$ at ,coligny's h\se 7 d\btless m ?an ju/ifi$ by ! l\d ?reats ( "s ( ! lead]s1 l ,de ,pilles & ,p>daillan1 ^: words & de$s make ,la ,n\e call !m /upid1 clumsy fools4 ,! solution ( ?is hi/orical "q is made ! m difficult f ! spe$y t]m9ation ( ! h\se ( ,valois4 ,t family & ! ,league come d[n to u "u a heavy cl\d ( odium2 ! succession ( ,h5ry ,,iv4 to ! ?rone made !m ! only p>ties on :om all might safely lay ! burd5 ( an act at once a crime & a blund]1 :ile x 0 equally necess>y to %ield ! p>ty ) :i* ,h5ry !n act$ f any *>ge ( conspiracy4 ,int]e/ rais$ up apologi/s = him & 8 associates3 !re 0 none to d rev]5ce to ! "n ( ,ca?>9e or ! fall5 h\se ( ,valois4 ,once t ! c\ncil _h decid$ on its bloody c\rse1 ! action 0 prompt4 ,guise1 f be+ a prison] 9 8 h\se1 0 summon$ to comm&4 ,to ! lead]s ( ! p ( ,p>is he repeat$ ! *>ge ( a ,hugu5ot conspiracy aga9/ ! k+1 ( ,swiss & ,g]man invad]s1 add+ ! approa* ( a =ce "u ,montmor5cy to burn ! city4 ,at f\r 9 ! aft]noon ,anj\ rode ?r\gh ! /reets4 ,at t51 ano!r c\ncil 0 held1 to :i* ,le ,*>ron1 provo/ ( ! m]*ants1 0 summon$4 ,to him ! k+ repeat$ ! same *>ges1 giv+ him ord]s to put ! able-bodi$ m5 9 ea* w>d "u arms1 & take precaution = ! safety ( ! city4 ,mean:ile1 ,hugu5ot g5tlem5 ent]$ ! palace z usual1 & ,ca?olics m+l$ ) ! ,hugu5ots :o call$ ^u ,coligny4 ,:ite makes an obs]vation t mu/ /rike all3 ,x is /range t ! arrangem5ts 9 ! city1 :i* mu/ h be5 att5d$ ) no little commotion1 did n r\se ! suspicion ( ! ,hugu5ots4 ,at midnight ano!r c\ncil 0 held 9 ! palace4 ,*>les 0 viol5t & wav]$1 b ,ca?>9e held him to 8 decision1 & ,guise w5t =? to complete ! "w4 ,betwe5 ?ree & f\r 9 ! morn+1 ,guise1 ,aumale1 ,ang\lme1 ,nev]s1 ) "s ,g]man & ,italian soldi]y1 proce$$ to ,coligny's h\se4 ,admission 0 ga9$ 9 ! k+'s "n1 & ,c>l ,dian[itz1 or ,behm1 ran ! admiral ?r\gh1 o!rs f9i%+ him z he fell to ! floor4 ,! body 0 !n ?r[n f ! w9d[1 :]e ,guise & ,ang\lme treat$ x contemptu\sly4 ,petrucci cut (f ! head4 ,! mob mutilat$ ! body1 z prie/s _h be51 by ! admiral's ord]s1 & x 0 f9ally hung on ! public gall[s at ,montfauon4 ,all ! occupants ( ! h\se 7 sla9 b two1 ,m]l9 & ,cornaton4 ,9 ! adjo9+ dwell+s 7 ,teligny1 ,ro*ef\cault1 & o!rs1 :o 7 all sla94 ,!n came ! signal f ,sa9t ,g]ma9 l',aux]rois1 & ! massacre became g5]al4 ,! ,hugu5ot g5tlem5 9 ! ,l\vre 7 sla9 be=e ! eyes ( ! k+ to ! numb] ( two hundr$1 says ,:ite 9 8 text1 al?\gh 8 footnote1 cit+ ,que5 ,m>g>et's acc\nt1 says h] e/imate ( ?irty or =ty is m probable4 ,9 ! city1 ! h\ses 9 :i* ,hugu5ots lodg$ _h be5 regi/]$1 & 7 ?us easily f\nd4 ,! soldi]s bur/ 91 kill+ all !y f\nd2 b ! citiz5s seem to h gone too f>4 #ae ,at five 9 ! aft]noon1 !y 7 ord]$ to lay d[n _! arms1 al?\gh ! "w ( blood 0 cont9u$ = two days by ! soldi]y4 ,! details ( ! massacre w\ld ext5d ?is article mu* too f>4 ,among ! que/ions t h aris51 is ! alleg$ fir+ ( ,*>les on ! dr[n+ ,hugu5ots ?r[n into ! ,se9e4 ,x is ass]t$ 9 ! p>ty pamphlets1 ! ,rveille-,mat91 #aegd1 ,le ,tocs91 #aegi1 b re/s *iefly on :at ,fr\de calls ! wor?less au?ority ( ,brantome4 ,a m important po9t is ! numb] ( victims4 ,! e/imates diff] widely3 ,la ,popel9ire1 a ,hugu5ot contempor>y444#a1jjj ,kirkaldy ( ,grange1 9 a lett] to ,scotl& at ! "t1 & ! ,tocs91 a pamphlet ( ! day1 z well z ,tavannes1 a ma9 actor 9 ! slaught]444#b1jjj ,aubign1 ano!r ,hugu5ot au?or1 & ,capilupi444#c1jjj ,! e/imates ( ambassadors at ,p>is are high]4 ,alva's bullet9444#c1ejj ,gomez de ,silva1 & ! ,simancas ar*ives444#e1jjj ,neu/adt lett]444#f1jjj ,rveille-,mat91 a p>ty pamphlet444#aj1jjj ,:ite bases 8 e/imate on a curi\s calculation4 ,an entry 9 ! regi/]s ( ! ,htel de ,ville /ates t on ! #i? ( ,septemb] c]ta9 p]sons receiv$ #ae livres = bury+ dead bodies1 & on ! #bc;d ! same m5 receiv$ #bj livres = bury+ #aajj4 ,he concludes t ! #ae livres repres5t$ #aejj1 by :at rule he does n expla91 giv+1 he says1 a kn[n massacre ( #bfjj4 ,ev5 on 8 basis1 #ce livres w\ld really repres5t only #aibe4 ,b accord+ to ,caveirac1 :o fir/ cites ?is entry1 #ce livres 7 paid = int]r+ #aajj1 :i* w\ld give only ab\t #afjj 9 all4 ,g&y concludes 8 view ( ! matt] by giv+ #ajjj or #abjj z ! ne>e/ approa* to ! tru?2 b ! e/imate ( ,tavannes1 an actor1 ,kirkaldy1 a witness1 & ! ,tocs91 a ,hugu5ot pamphlet1 w\ld seem to be mo/ au!ntic4 ,?us fell ! great admiral1 ! ,cromwell ( ,france1 9 religion less fanatical ?an hypocritical1 a soldi] ( a high ord]1 aim+ "u ,calv9's tea*+ to make ,france a commonweal? ) a religi\s tyranny t w\ld brook no opposition4 ,a man :o occupi$ long a prom95t position z "o ( ! high nobility & rul]s ( ! l&1 b :o 0 simply a de/roy]1 n a creator2 = no great "w1 no l9e ( s\nd policy1 no important re=m1 is connect$ ) 8 "n4 ,8 life 0 mo/ injuri\s to ! c\ntry1 & b = ! c[>dly & cruel circum/ances att5d+ 8 dea?1 he w\ld occupy b a subord9ate place 9 ,fr5* hi/ory4 ,few o!r victims 7 em95t3 ,pet] ,ramus1 ! le>n$ pr(essor1 ,pi]re de la ,place1 ,presid5t ( ! ,c\rt ( ,ans1 & "s say ,g\jon1 ! sculptor4 ,9 fact1 ! m able lead]s ( ! p>ty _h n come to ,p>is1 & ?is r5d]s ! de$ indef5sible ev5 on ! gr\nd ( policy4 ,! few nobles :o ha/5$ to bask 9 ! sun%9e ( ! c\rt1 7 n ! m5 mo/ to be dread$4 ,! slaught] ( m5 & wom5 belong+ to ! l[] classes c\ld b r\se ! sympa?ies ( ,europe4 ,! "w ( blood 0 n conf9$ to ,p>is4 ,?r\gh\t ,france1 z ! news spread ( a ,hugu5ot conspiracy aga9/ ! k+1 ! sc5e 0 re5act$4 ,( ?is1 ,:ite rem>ks3 ,! writ]s :o ma9ta9 t ! trag$y ( ,sa9t ,b>?olomew's day 0 ! result ( a long prem$itation support _! op9ion by :at occurr$ 9 ! prov9ces2 b x w be f\nd1 aft] c>eful exam9ation1 t ^! v>i\s incid5ts t5d r to prove ! abs5ce ( any su* prem$itation4 #af ,7 ord]s s5t f c\rt to massacre ! ,hugu5ots8 ,:ite1 on ! au?ority ( ,davila1 ,de ,?\1 & expressions 9 c]ta9 lett]s1 incl9es to ! op9ion t v]bal ord]s 7 s5t4 ,g&y z positively ass]ts t no su* ord]s 7 giv54 ,! prov9cial regi/]s %[ no trace ( su* ord]s4 ,yet he admits secret ord]s1 subsequ5tly recall$ by ,*>les1 & gives a lett] address$ to ,montsoreau1 dat$ ,augu/ #bf?1 :i* is explicit4 ,! massacres took place z foll[s3 ,meaux1 ,augu/ #be?2 ,la ,*>it1 ,augu/ #bg?2 ,saumur & ,ang]s1 ,augu/ #bi?2 ,lyons1 ,augu/ #cj?2 ,troyes1 ,septemb] #b;d2 ,b\rges1 ,septemb] #ae?2 ,r\51 ,septemb] #ag?2 ,romans1 ,septemb] #bj?2 ,t\l\se1 ,septemb] #bc;d2 ,bordeaux1 ,octob] #c;d2 ,poiti]s1 ,octob] #bg?4 ,!y 7 ?us cont9u$ f "t to "t = two mon?s2 long aft] ,*>les =mally revok$ any secret ord]s giv5 on ! spur ( ! mom5t4 ,?is po9t is involv$ 9 z great obscurity z any o!r connect$ ) ! affair4 ,sev]al lett]s curr5t z to ! matt]1 includ+ ^? ( ,de ,t5de & ,or!z1 are manife/ =g]ies4 ,z to ,saumur1 ,:ite repres5ts ,montsoreau z kill+ all ! ,hugu5ots 9 t t[n4 ,! only au?ority1 ,mmoires de l',etat de ,france1 says he kill$ all he c\ld1 & ! :ole *>ge re/s on ?is feeble f\ndation4 ,!re is simil> exagg]ation else:]e4 ,:ite1 speak+ ( ,lyons1 says3 ,9 ?is city alone #djjj p]sons are e/imat$ to h be5 kill$2 b 9 8 note adds t "o au?ority says t !y 7 all kill$ 9 "o day1 :i* is n probable4 ,he !n cites ano!r contempor>y bro*ure sett+ d[n ! total at ,lyons at #ahjj2 & he corrects ! error ( ,de ,?\1 :o ass]t$ t ! ,cele/9e canons all[$ ,hugu5ots to be kill$ 9 _! mona/]y1 :5 ,prote/ant au?orities admit t ! religi\s sav$ ! lives ( ^? v fugitives4 ,:at 0 ! numb] sla9 9 ! prov9ces8 ,! m>tyrologies1 by a detail$ e/imate1 make ^? kill$ 9 ,p>is #aj1jjj1 else:]e #eafh1 & names #aeb z id5tifi$ 9 ,p>is1 #fcd 9 ! prov9ces2 b ! e/imate = ,p>is is ( ! v highe/1 & %\ld1 z we h se51 n exce$ #bjjj4 ,! v fact t1 ) rese>*es & p]sonal recollections1 only #aeb names c\ld be recall$1 be+ "o 9 a hundr$ out ( #aj1jjj1 :ile else:]e "o 9 eight 0 kn[n1 is v suspici\s4 ,tak+ 8 figures = ! prov9ces1 x w\ld r$uce ! :ole numb] 9 ,france to ab\t #gjjj4 ,aft] giv+ ! calculations or guesses ( v>i\s au?ors1 rang+ f #bjjj to #ajj1jjj1 ,:ite says3 ,if x be necess>y to *oose f ^! hap-haz>d e/imates1 t ( ,de ,?\ is pref]able1 f ! calm1 unexagg]at+ temp] ( ! man4 ,de ,?\'s e/imate = all ,france 0 #cj1jjj4 ,g&y ?9ks ! numb] giv5 by ,popel9ire 7#bjjj7 ne>] ! tru?4 ,"u ! exam9ation ( imp>tial hi/ory1 ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew dw9dles really to f> less 9 numb]s1 ext5t1 & brutality ?an ! massacre ( ! ,iri% ,ca?olics "u ,cromwell2 & does n greatly exce$ ! numb] ( victims ( ! ,hugu5ot outbreak 9 #aefc4 ,"o o!r po9t rema9s4 ,*>les1 on ! #be?1 repres5t$ ! massacre 9 ,p>is z a collision betwe5 ! h\ses ( ,guise & ,*atillon2 b f ! #bf? he uni=mly *>ges a conspiracy aga9/ 8 p]son4 ,?is he ann\nc$ to all ! =eign c\rts 9 explanation4 #ag ,8 lett] to ,gregory ,,xiii4 ann\nc$ ! escape ( ! royal family & ! puni%m5t ( ! conspirators4 ,! nuncio ,salviati1 9 8 lett]s1 %[s a belief 9 ! reality ( ! plot4 ,at ,rome1 ! ,c>d9al ( ,lorra9e1 bro!r ( ! murd]$ ,guise1 0 high 9 influ5ce4 ,:at 8 views & feel+s w\ld be on ! receipt ( ! tid+s ( ! discov]y ( a plot1 & ! sudd5 action ( ! k+1 x is easy to conceive4 ,9 8 eyes x 0 a triumph ( ju/ice1 religion1 loyalty1 & law4 ,! pope receiv$ ! same impression1 & "u x proce$$ to *ant a ,te ,deum at ,santa ,m>ia ,maggiore4 ,processions foll[$4 ,a m$al1 well kn[n f its frequ5t reproduction1 0 /ruck4 ,b 9 all ?is !re is no?+ to %[ t ,rome knew ( ! int5d$ massacre or c\nsell$ x4 ,gregory ,,xiii4 approv$ x1 only z repres5t$ 9 ! brief despat*es ( ,*>les ,,ix4 & ! v]bal /atem5ts ( ,beauvill1 to :i* !y ref]4 ,nor did ! cl]gy 9 ,france take any "p4 ,no bi%op %>$ 9 ! c\ncil1 no prie/ or religi\s r\s$ ! m9ds ( ! p4 ,!y figure1 inde$1 9 romances1 b hi/ory is sil5t4 ,ev5 9 ! mo/ virul5t pamphlets ( ! "t only ?ree are ev] m5tion$1 ! ,bi%op ( ,troyes1 ,sorb91 k+'s confessor at ,orleans1 & ,fa!r ,edmond ,aug]1 at ,bordeaux4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,troyes is *>g$ ) hav+ approv$ ! massacre !re1 b ,:ite does n ev5 "n ! bi%op 9 connection ) ! murd]s at t place1 & says !y 7 done by a drunk5 mob1 & fill$ ! humane ,ca?olics ) horror4 ,at ,orleans1 ,:ite r$uces ! #ahej ( ! ,m>tyrologe to #adjj1 & gives details1 b is sil5t z to any action ( ,sorb91 or ! t]rible ,franciscan :o insult$ ! ,hugu5ots1 receiv$ _! abjuration1 & said ,mass = !m4 ,evid5tly1 ,:ite f\nd ! *>ges aga9/ ^! cl]gym5 too frivol\s ev5 = a /ray allusion4 ,he attributes ! massacre at ,bordeaux to ! prea*+ ( ,fa!r ,aug]1 b cites no au?ority4 ,=tunately1 ,aug] is n an unkn[n man4 ,8 life has long be5 9 circulation4 ,he 0 a mission>y1 kn[n = ye>s among ! ,prote/ants1 amid :om he _h prosecut$ 8 labors4 ,he _h suff]$ imprisonm5t = ! fai?2 he _h ev5 be5 l$ to ! gall[s by ord] ( ! ,b>on des ,adrets4 ,s notori\s 7 8 *>ity1 8 virtue1 & 8 m]it1 t ! voice ( ,prote/ant & ,ca?olic alike 0 rais$ to save him4 ,are we to believe on ! vague/ ( gr\nds t su* a man sudd5ly became a mon/] ( intol]ance8 ,:ite blu%$ to give 8 au?ority2 he %\ld h be5 a%am$ to make ! *>ge4 ,b x w\ld sc>cely d to let 8 book g =? )\t lugg+ 9 at lea/ "o prie/4 ,( ! proce$+s at ,rome he makes m capital4 ,aft] /at+ :at 0 done1 & mi/ranslat+ a ,lat9 phrase to make ,*>les ,,ix4 an angel1 he says3 ,) su* damn+ evid5ce aga9/ ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 a rec5t def5d] ( t *ur* va9ly cont5ds t ! cl]gy _h no "p 9 ! massacre1 & t ! rejoic+s 7 ov] rebels cut (f 9 ! mid/ ( _! rebellion1 & n h]etics murd]$ = _! religion4 ,! logic ( ?is is admirable4 ,! pope & c>d9als ord]$ rejoic+s on receiv+ despat*es f ! ,k+ ( ,france1 ann\nc+ t1 hav+ discov]$ a plot aga9/ 8 life & ?rone1 he _h put ! rebels to ! sword2 !re=e ! ,ca?olic cl]gy _h a "p 9 ! massacre4 #ah ,apply ! same to ,drogh$a4 ,p>liam5t ?ank$ ,god = ,cromwell's massacre ( ! ,iri% aft] grant+ qu>t]1 & rew>d$ a capta9 = ?r[+ prison]s ov]bo>d at sea2 !re=e ! ,puritan cl]gy _h a "p 9 ! massacre1 & ! evid5ce is damn+4 ,! labors ( ,mr4 ,:ite1 h[ev]1 on ! :ole1 w d good4 ,! wild ass]tions t fill our s*ool-books & popul> hi/ories mu/ give place to /atem5ts t w be ju/ifi$ by 8 "w4 ,x gives a /&>d to :i* we may appeal1 &1 if n all t we w\ld claim1 is s f> on ! way to imp>tiality t we may feel ?ankful = x4 ,x is n little to h wrung f ! ,london ,a!naeum ! admission t ! common view ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew is "o ( ! great hi/orical errors :i* has be5 transmitt$ f tea*]s to taught dur+ a long c\rse ( ye>s4 ---------- ,f ! ,fr5* ( ,erckmanm & ,*atrian4 ,! ,invasion2 or1 ,yeg( ,! ,fool4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,if y w\ld "k ! /ory ( ! great invasion ( #ahad1 ev5 z ! old hunt]1 ,frantz ( ,h5g/1 relat$ x to me1 y mu/ accompany me to ! village ( ,*>mes1 9 ! ,vosges4 ,?irty cottages1 rang$ along ! bank ( ! ,s>re1 & ro($ ) slate & d>k gre5 moss1 compose ! hamlet2 y c see ! gables g>l&$ ) ivy & )]$ honeysuckle--= w9t] is approa*+--& ! leafless h$ges sep>at+ ! little g>d5s f ea* o!r4 ,to ! left1 cr[n+ a l(ty m\nta91 rise ! ru9s ( ! anci5t ca/le ( ,falk5/e91 a =talice1 dismantl$ & demoli%$ two hundr$ ye>s ago by ! ,sw$es4 ,x is n[ b a scatt]$ heap ( /ones1 only approa*$ by an old s*litte1 or road = transport+ fell$ trees1 :i* pi]ces ! =e/4 ,to ! "r1 on ! m\nta9-side1 is se5 ! f>m ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 ) its b>ns1 /ables1 & %$s1 on ! flat ro(s ( :i* are plac$ great /ones1 to enable !m to resi/ ! furi\s nor!rn bla/s4 ,a few cattle /ray ^u ! hea!r1 & a few goats clamb] among ! rocks4 ,ev]y?+ is sil5t4 ,*ildr5 9 gray tr\s]s1 b>e-head$ & b>e-foot$1 are w>m+ !mselves ar\nd little fires1 k9dl$ ne> ! edge ( ! wood1 & ! blue smoke curls sl[ly ?r\gh ! air2 heavy :ite & gray cl\ds hang motionless ov] ! valley1 & f> above ^! rise ! /]ile peaks ( ,grosmann & ,donon4 ,y mu/ "k t ! la/ h\se ( ! village--t ) two glaz$ dorm] w9d[s ^u ! slant+ ro(1 & ! l[ door op5+ ^u ! muddy /reet--belong$1 9 #ahac1 to ,jean-,claude ,hull91 an anci5t volunte] ( '#ib2 b s9ce 8 return f ! w>s1 ! %oe1 or1 r1 sabot-mak] ( ! village1 & enjoy+ a l>ge %>e ( ! e/eem ( ! m\nta9e]s4 #ai ,he 0 a /\t1 /rongly built man1 ) gray eyes1 ?ick lips1 a %ort nose1 & heavy1 grizzl$ eyebr[s4 ,he 0 jovial & t5d]-he>t$1 & unable to refuse any?+ to 8 adopt$ daught]1 ,l\ise1 :om he _h obta9$1 :5 an infant1 f a b& ( ^? mis]able gypsies :o1 )\t he>? or home !mselves1 w&] f door to door1 sold]+ spoons & pans1 & m5d+ brok5 *9a4 ,he1 h[ev]1 look$ ^u h] z 8 own daught]1 & nev] rememb]$ h] z ! *ild ( a /range race4 ,besides ?is1 8 affection = 8 little girl1 /\t ,jean-,claude _h a few o!rs4 ,next 9 ord]1 he lov$ 8 c\s91 ! v5]able mi/ress ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 & h] son1 ,gasp>d1 a f9e "y fell[1 betro!d to ,l\ise1 b :om ! conscription _h c>ri$ (f1 leav+ ! two families to await ! end ( ! campaign & 8 return4 ,hull9 (t5 recall$1 & always ) en?usiasm1 8 campaigns ( ! ,sambre-&-,meuse1 ( ,italy & ( ,egypt4 ,he (t5 mus$ ^u !m1 & sometimes at ev5+1 :5 8 day's "w 0 done1 he w\ld w&] to ! saw-mill ( ,valt91 a gloomy build+1 =m$ ( logs cov]$ ) ! b>k1 :i* y see yond] at ! bottom ( ! gorge4 ,!re he w\ld sit1 9 ! mid/ ( coal-burn]s & wood-cutt]s1 be=e ! huge fire made ( saw-du/1 & :ile ! heavy :eel kept turn+1 ! sluice ?und]+1 & ! saw cutt+1 w\ld he disc\rse ( ,ho*e1 ( ,kleb]1 & ( ,g5]al ,bonap>te1 :om he _h se5 a hundr$ times1 & ^: ?9 face1 pi]c+ eyes1 & aquil9e nose he drew ov] & ov] aga94 ,su* 0 ,jean-,claude ,hull91 "o ( ! old ,gallic /ock1 lov+ /range adv5tures & de$s ( h]oic emprise1 b b\nd by ! feel+ ( duty to 8 toil f ,new-,ye>'s day to ,sa9t ,sylve/]'s4 ,l\ise1 8 gypsy daught]1 0 slight & graceful1 ) long1 delicate h&s1 & eyes ( s t5d] a blue t _! glance seem$ to melt _! way to ! dep?s ( y\r s\l2 h] sk9 0 :ite z sn[1 h] hair a gold-%ot flax51 s(t z silk1 & h] %\ld]s droop$ l ^? ( "s sweet sculptur$ sa9t at pray]4 ,h] guileless smile1 h] mus+ br[1 h] :ole =m1 seem$ to recall ! antique lay ( ,erh>t ! ,m9nes+]1 :]e9 he says3 ,i saw a ray ( light fla% by1 & m9e eyes are yet daz$ ) its lu/re4 ,0 x ! moon glanc+ ?r\gh ! leaves8 ,0 x morn+ smil+ b5ea? ! woods8 ,no1 no6 ,x 0 ,edi?1 my love1 :o pass$2 & /ill m9e eyes are daz$4 ,l\ise lov$ ! fields1 ! g>d5s1 & ! fl[]s4 ,9 spr+ %e eag]ly li/5$ = ! fir/ notes ( ! l>k1 or s\ght ! bluebells b5ea? ! bu%es1 or wat*$ = ! return ( ! sp>r[s to ! corn]s ( ! w9d[s on ! ro(4 ,%e 0 ev] ! *ild ( ! w&]+ gypsies1 only a little less wild ?an !y2 b ,hull9 =gave ev]y?+2 he und]/ood h] nature1 & (t5 cri$1 laugh+3 ,my poor ,l\ise1 ) ! booty y br+ u--y\r bun*es ( fl[]s & little birds--we %\ld all die ( hung] 9 a week4 ,b %e w\ld only smile1 & he1 z he return$ to 8 "w1 exclaim3 ,bah6 :y %\ld ,i scold8 ,%e is "r to love ! sunlight1 & ,gasp>d w labor = bo?6 ,s reason$ ! good man1 & days1 weeks1 & mon?s roll$ by 9 pati5t wait+ = ,gasp>d's return4 ,b ,gasp>d return$ n1 & n[ = two mon?s !y _h _h no tid+s ( him4 #bj ,"o day1 t[>d ! middle ( ,decemb]1 #ahac1 betwe5 ?ree & f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 ,hull91 b5t ov] 8 "w-b5*1 0 f9i%+ a pair ( spik$ sabots = ,ro*>t1 ! wood-cutt]4 ,l\ise _h plac$ h] fl[]s ne> ! little /ove :i* crackl$ on ! he>?1 :ile ! monoton\s tick-tack ( ! old village clock m>k$ ! seconds z !y flew1 & occasionally ! tramp ( clogs ^u ! froz5 e>? 0 he>d )\t1 & a head cov]$ ) a hat or wrapp$ 9 a hood pass$ ! w9d[4 ,at l5g?1 ,hull91 glanc+ ?r\gh ! panes ( ! w9d[1 sudd5ly /opp$ 8 labor1 & /ood ) bo? eyes wide op51 z "o gaz+ at "s unusual sight4 ,at ! corn] ( ! /reet1 j opposite ! tav]n ( ! ,?ree ,pigeons1 a /range figure 0 advanc+1 surr\nd$ by a cr[d ( jump+1 laugh+ boys1 ea* vy+ ) ! o!r 9 %\t+ at ! top ( 8 voice3 ,k+ ( ,diamonds6 ,k+ ( ,diamonds6 ,9 tru?1 a /rang] figure c\ld sc>cely be imag9$4 ,fancy a man ) a grave face & r$ be>d2 a gloomy eye1 /raight nose1 eyebr[s meet+1 a circlet ( t9 ^u 8 head1 an iron-gray %eph]d dog-sk9 flapp+ ^u 8 back1 ! two =e-paws knott$ ar\nd 8 neck2 8 brea/ cov]$ ) little copp] crosses1 8 legs ) a sort ( gray /uff tr\s]s1 & 8 feet b>e4 ,a l>ge rav5 ) lu/r\s black w+s 0 p]*$ ^u 8 %\ld]4 ,"o might ?9k1 f ! maje/y ( 8 air & gait1 t an anci5t ,m]ov+ian k+ _h come back to e>?2 &1 inde$1 he c>ri$ a %ort /ick cut to ! %ape ( a sceptre1 :ile ) 8 "r h& he ge/iculat$ magnific5tly1 po9t+ to ! skies & apo/rophiz+ 8 att5dants4 ,e door op5$ z he pass$1 & curi\s faces 7 press$ aga9/ e w9d[-pane4 ,a few old wom5 ^u ! outside /airs ( _! cottages call$ to him1 b he deign$ no reply2 o!rs desc5d$ to ! /reet & w\ld h b>r$ 8 passage1 b he1 ) head erect & br[s haughtily rais$1 wav$ !m aside4 ,hold6 said ,hull91 "h is ,yeg(4 ,i did n expect to see him aga9 ?is w9t]1 x is contr>y to 8 habit2 & :at c he mean by return+ 9 su* wea!r z ?is8 ,l\ise1 lay+ aside h] di/aff1 ran to look at ! ,k+ ( ,diamonds2 = ! appe>ance ( ! fool 9 ! beg9n+ ( w9t] 0 q an ev5t1 & ! s\rce ( amusem5t to _m :o 7 glad to kill "t 9 ! tav]ns1 li/5+ to ! /ory ( 8 imag9>y p[] & glory2 o!rs1 especially wom51 felt a vague fe> ( him2 = ! ideas ( fools1 z ev]ybody kn[s1 are sometimes drawn f ano!r _w ?an ?is--to !m is confid$ ! k ( ! pa/ & future2 ! only difficulty is 9 und]/&+ !m1 = _! words h always a d\ble s5se--"o = ! e>s ( ! co>se & vulg>1 & "o1 f> diff]5t1 = wise & l(ty s\ls4 ,moreov]1 ! ?\ghts ( ,yeg(1 above ^? ( all o!r fools1 7 extraord9>y--n to say sublime4 ,no "o knew :5ce he came1 :i!r he w5t2 he w&]$ ?r\gh ! l& l a s\l 9 pa92 he vaunt$ ! greatness ( long ext9ct nations1 & call$ himself ,emp]or ( ,au/rasia1 ( ,polynesia1 & o!r f>-(f places4 ,volumes might be writt5 ( ! /r5g? & beauty ( 8 ca/les1 8 =tresses1 & 8 palaces1 ! numb] & gr&eur ( :i* he relat$ ) an air ( mu* mode/y & simplicity4 ,he spoke ( 8 /ables1 8 c\rs]s1 ! (fic]s ( 8 cr[n1 8 m9i/]s1 c\nsellors1 & int5dants1 & nev] did he mi/ake _! names or attribute ! p>ticul> m]its ( "o to ano!r2 b he compla9$ bitt]ly ( hav+ be5 de?ron$ by an accurs$ race1 & ,sapi5ce ,coquel91 ! wise old woman ( ! village1 z well z o!rs1 wept :5ev] he ref]r$ to ! subject4 ,!n w\ld he1 lift+ 8 h& t[>d heav51 cry out3 #ba ,be m9dful1 ,o wom56 ,! h\r is at h&6 ,! _s ( d>kness flees af>6 ,! anci5t race1 ! ma/]s ( y\r ma/]s1 come sweep+ on l ! bill[s ( ! sea6 ,e spr+ he w&]$ = weeks among ! ru9s :i* cr[n ! ,vosges at ,nideck1 ,g]oldseck1 ,lutzelb\rg1 & ,turke/e9--=m] dwell+s ( ! great ones ( e>?1 b n[ ! refuge ( bats & owls4 ,!re w\ld he declaim on ! long pa/ spl5dor ( 8 realms1 & plan ! subjection ( 8 revolt$ p4 ,jean-,claude ,hull9 laugh$ at all ?is1 n be+ fond ( approa*+ ! invisible _w2 b ! fool's words tr\bl$ ,l\ise exce$+ly1 especially :5 ! ho>se voice & flapp+ w+s ( ! rav5 add$ to _! wild effect4 ,yeg( m>*$ maje/ically d[n ! /reet1 turn+ nei!r to ! "r nor ! left1 & ! girl1 see+ t 8 eyes 7 fix$ ^u h] habitation1 exclaim$3 ,fa!r1 fa!r6 he is com+ "h6 ,v likely1 repli$ ,hull94 ,he1 no d\bt1 ne$s a pair ( sabots 9 a cold l ?is1 & if he asks !m ,i %\ld be sorry to refuse4 ,yeg( 0 "s fifty paces f ! cottage1 & ! tumult cont9u$ to increase4 ,! boys1 pull+ at 8 /range g>m5t1 %\t$1 ,diamonds6 ,spades6 ,clubs6 till !y 7 ho>se1 :51 sudd5ly turn+ r\nd1 he rais$ 8 sceptre1 & cri$ furi\sly1 ?\gh /ill ) an air ( maje/y3 ,away6 accurs$ race6 away--or my dogs %all te> ye6 ,?is ?reat only r$\bl$ ! cries & %\ts ( laught]2 b at ?is mom5t1 ,hull9 appe>+ at ! door ) a long rod1 & promis+ its spe$y application to ! backs ( five or six ( ! noisie/1 ! b& soon disp]s$ 9 t]ror1 = _m ( !m _h felt its weight4 ,!n turn+ to ! fool1 he said3 ,come 91 ,yeg(1 & take a seat by ! fire4 ,call me n ,yeg(1 repli$ ! latt]1 ) a look ( (f5d$ dignity4 ,i am ,luitpr&1 ,k+ ( ,au/rasia & ,polynesia4 ,true1 true1 ,i rememb]1 said ,jean-,claude2 b1 ,yeg(1 or ,luitpr&1 come 94 ,x is cold2 try to w>m y\rself4 ,i w ent]1 answ]$ ! fool1 = reasons ( /ate--to =m an alliance betwe5 two mo/ puissant nations4 ,good6 ,let u talk ov] x4 ,yeg(1 /oop+ 9 ! doorway1 ent]$ dreamily1 & salut$ ,l\ise by l[]+ 8 sceptre4 ,b ! rav5 refus$ to foll[4 ,spread+ 8 broad black w+s1 he swept ar\nd ! cottage & !n da%$ aga9/ ! w9d[s1 z if to break !m4 ,hans6 cri$ ! fool1 bew>e6 ,i am com+4 ,b ! bird ( ill om5 fa/5$ its po9t$ talons 9 ! lead5 sa%1 & flapp$ its w+s until ! w9d[ %ook1 z long z 8 ma/] rema9$ )94 ,l\ise gaz$ affright$ly at bo?4 ,yeg( seat$ himself 9 ! l>ge lea!rn arm*air beh9d ! /ove z on a ?rone1 & ?r[+ haughty glances ar\nd1 said3 ,i come /raight f ,j]ome to conclude an alliance ) !e1 ,hull94 ,?\ art n ignorant t ! face ( ?y daught] ha? pleas$ me4 ,i am "h to dem& h] 9 m>riage4 #bb ,l\ise blu%$1 & ,hull9 bur/ into a peal ( laught]4 ,y laugh6 cri$ ! fool angrily4 ,y w live to regret x6 ,?is alliance alone c save !e f ! ru9 :i* ?reat5s !e & ?9e4 ,ev5 n[ my armies are advanc+2 !y cov] ! e>?1 numb]less z ! =e/ leaves 9 summ]4 ,:at w avail ! might ( ?y p aga9/ t ( m9e8 ,ye w be conqu]$1 cru%$1 enslav$1 z = c5turies y 71 = ,i1 ,luitpr&1 ,k+ ( ,au/rasia & ,polynesia1 h will$ x4 ,all ?+s %all be z !y 71 & !n--rememb] me6 ,he lift$ 8 h& solemnly on high4 ,rememb] ! pa/4 ,y 7 beat51 despis$ s]fs2 & we--! old nations ( ! nor?--we trod y\r necks b5ea? our feet4 ,we burd5$ y\r backs ) heavy /ones t our /rong ca/les & deep dungeons might be built4 ,we yok$ y to our pl\ghs2 y fl$ be=e u l *aff be=e ! tempe/4 ,rememb]1 & tremble6 ,i rememb] x all well1 repli$ ,hull91 /ill laugh+1 b y "k we _h our rev5ge4 ,ay1 said ! fool1 knitt+ 8 br[s1 b t "t has pass$4 ,my w>riors outnumb] ! s&s ( ! %ore1 & y\r blood %all fl[ l riv]s to ! ocean4 ,i "k ye1 & = a ?\s& ye>s h m>k$ ye6 ,bah6 said ,hull94 ,yes1 ?is arm vanqui%$ ye :5 we fir/ s\ght ! he>ts ( y\r =e/s4 ,?is h& b5t y\r necks to ! yoke1 & w aga94 ,because y are brave1 y ?9k t y w be = ev] ma/]s ( ,france2 b we h divid$ y\r fair l&1 & w aga9 divide x betwe5 ourselves4 ,alsace & ,lorra9e %all aga9 be ,g]man2 ,brittany & ,norm&y %all aga9 belong to ! ,nor?m52 ,fl&]s & ! ,s\?1 to ,spa94 ,france w be a petty k+dom girdl+ ,p>is1 ) "o ( ! anci5t race its k+1 & y w n d>e to murmur--y w be v pati5t-- ha6 ha6 ha6 ,yeg( laugh$ l\dly 9 8 turn4 ,hull91 :o knew little ( hi/ory1 0 a/\nd$ at ! fool's le>n+4 ,bah6 he exclaim$ aga94 ,en\gh ( ?is1 ,yeg(4 ,try a little s\p to w>m y\r blood4 ,i d n ask = food1 repli$ ! fool2 ,i ask y\r daught] 9 m>riage4 ,give h] will+ly1 & ,i w raise y to ! foot ( my ?rone2 refuse1 & my armies %all take h] by =ce4 ,z he spoke1 ! poor wret* gaz$ on ,l\ise ) looks ( ! deepe/ admiration4 ,h[ beautiful %e is6 he murmur$4 ,h[ h] br[ w grace a cr[n6 ,rejoice1 sweet maid51 = ?\ %alt be ,que5 ( ,au/rasia4 ,li/51 ,yeg(1 said ,hull93 ,i am flatt]$ by y\r pref]5ce2 & x %[s t y "k h[ to appreciate beauty2 b my daught] is already betro!d to ,gasp>d ,lefevre4 ,en\gh6 cri$ ! fool1 ris+ angrily1 we w n[ speak no m ( x2 b1 ,hull91 he cont9u$1 resum+ 8 solemn tone1 ?is is my fir/ dem&4 ,i w twice r5ew x4 ,he>e/ ?\8 ,twice6 ,if y p]si/ 9 y\r ob/9acy1 woe1 woe to !e & ?y race6 ,w y n take y\r s\p1 !n1 ,yeg(8 ,no6 %\t$ ! fool2 ,i w accept no?+ f y until y h cons5t$--no?+6 ,& wav+ 8 sceptre1 he salli$ =?4 ,hull9 bur/ into ano!r peal ( laught]4 #bc ,poor fell[6 he exclaim$2 8 eyes turn$ t[>d ! pot 9 spite ( himself2 8 tee? are *att]+2 b 8 folly is /rong] ?an ev5 cold & hung]4 ,he fright5s me1 said ,l\ise1 blu%+1 not)/&+1 z %e ?\ght ( 8 /range reque/4 ,yeg( kept on ! ,valt9 road4 ,_! eyes foll[$ him z 8 di/ance f !m grew great]4 ,/ill 8 /ately m>*1 8 grave ge/ures1 cont9u$1 ?\gh no "o 0 n[ ne> to obs]ve him4 ,night 0 fall+ fa/2 & soon ! tall =m ( ! ,k+ ( ,diamonds 0 bl5d$ ) & lo/ 9 ! w9t] twilight4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,! same ev5+1 aft] supp]1 ,l\ise1 tak+ h] sp9n+-:eel ) h]1 w5t to visit ,"m ,ro*>t1 at ^: cottage ! good matrons & "y girls ( ! village (t5 met1 & rema9$ until ne> midnight1 relat+ old leg5ds1 *att+ ( ! ra91 ! wea!r1 baptisms1 m>riages1 ! dep>ture or return ( conscripts1 or any o!r matt]s ( int]e/4 ,hull91 sitt+ be=e 8 little copp] lamp1 nail$ ! sabots ( ! old wood-cutt]4 ,he no long] gave a ?\ght to ,yeg(4 ,8 hamm] rose & fell ^u ! ?ick wood5 soles me*anically1 :ile a ?\s& fancies roam$ ?r\gh 8 m9d4 ,n[ 8 ?\ghts w&]$ to ,gasp>d1 s long unhe>d (2 n[ to ! campaign1 s long prolong$4 ,! lamp dimly light$ ! little room2 )\t1 all 0 /ill4 ,! fire grew dull2 ,jean-,claude arose to pile on ano!r log1 & !n resum$ 8 seat1 murmur+3 ,?is _c la/2 we %all receive a lett] "o ( ^! days4 ,! village clock /ruck n9e2 & z ,hull9 return$ to 8 "w1 ! door op5$1 & ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 ! mi/ress ( ! ,bois-de-,*nes f>m1 appe>$ on ! ?re%old1 to ! a/oni%m5t ( ! sabot-mak]1 = x 0 n h] cu/om to be abroad at su* an h\r4 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre might h be5 sixty ye>s ( age1 b h] =m 0 /raight & erect z at ?irty4 ,h] cle>1 gray eyes & hook$ nose seem$ to resemble ! eyes & beak ( ! eagle4 ,h] ?9 *eeks & ! droop+ corn]s ( h] m\? betok5$ habits ( ?\ght1 & gave a sad & some:at bitt] expression to h] face4 ,a long br[n hood cov]$ h] head & fell ov] h] %\ld]s4 ,h] :ole appe>ance bespoke a firm & resolute "*1 & inspir$ 9 ! behold] a feel+ ( respect1 n unt+$ ) fe>4 ,y "h1 ,ca!r9e8 exclaim$ ,hull9 9 8 surprise4 ,ev5 ,i1 ,jean-,claude1 repli$ ! old woman calmly4 ,i wi% to speak ) y4 ,is ,l\ise at home8 ,%e is at ,madele9e ,ro*>t's4 ,s mu* ! bett]1 said ,ca!r9e1 seat+ h]self at ! corn] ( ! "w-b5*4 ,hull9 gaz$ fix$ly at h]4 ,!re 0 some?+ my/]i\s & unusual 9 h] mann] :i* caus$ 9 him a vague feel+ ( al>m4 ,:at has happ5$8 he ask$1 lay+ aside 8 hamm]4 ,yeg( ! fool pass$ la/ night at ! f>m4 ,he 0 "h ?is aft]noon1 said ,hull91 :o atta*$ no importance to ! fact4 ,yes1 cont9u$ ,ca!r9e1 9 a l[ tone2 he pass$ la/ night ) u1 & 9 ! ev5+1 at ?is h\r1 be=e ! kit*5 fire1 8 words 7 fe>ful4 ,fe>ful6 mutt]$ ! sabot-mak]1 m & m a/oni%$1 = he _h nev] be=e se5 ! old woman 9 su* a /ate ( al>m4 ,:at did he say1 ,ca!r9e8 #bd ,he spoke ( ?+s :i* awak5$ /range dreams4 ,dreams6 ,y are mock+ me4 ,no1 no1 %e answ]$4 ,& !n1 aft] a mom5t ( sil5ce1 fix+ h] eyes ^u ! wond]+ ,hull91 %e cont9u$3 ,la/ ev5+1 our p 7 seat$1 aft] supp]1 ar\nd ! fire 9 ! kit*51 & ,yeg( among !m4 ,he _h1 z usual1 regal$ u ) ! hi/ory ( 8 treasures & ca/les4 ,x 0 ab\t n9e o'clock1 & ! fool sat at ! corn] ( ! blaz+ he>?4 ,du*5e1 my labor]1 0 m5d+ ,bruno's saddle2 ,rob91 ! h]dsman1 0 mak+ a basket2 ,annette arrang+ h] di%es on ! cupbo>d2 & ,i sp9n+ be=e go+ to b$4 ,)\t1 ! dogs 7 b>k+ at ! moon1 & x 0 bitt] cold4 ,we 7 speak+ ( ! w9t]1 :i* ,du*5e said w\ld be sev]e1 = he _h se5 l>ge flocks ( wild geese4 ,! rav51 p]*$ on ! corn] ( ! *imney-piece1 ) 8 beak buri$ 9 8 ruffl$ fea!rs1 seem$ to sleep4 ,! old woman paus$ a mom5t1 z if to collect h] ?\ghts2 h] eyes s\ght ! floor1 h] lips clos$ tightly toge!r1 & a /range pal5ess ov]spread h] face4 ,:at 9 ! "n ( s5se is %e com+ at8 ?\ght ,hull94 ,%e resum$3 ,yeg(1 at ! edge ( ! he>?1 ) 8 t9 cr[n ^u 8 head & 8 sceptre laid across 8 knees1 seem$ absorb$ 9 ?\ght4 ,he gaz$ at ! huge black *imney1 ! great /one mantel-%elf1 ) its sculptur$ trees & m51 & at ! smoke :i* rose 9 heavy wrea?s among ! qu>t]s ( bacon4 ,sudd5ly he /ruck 8 sceptre ^u ! floor1 & cri$ out l "o 9 a dream1 ',yes1 ,i h se5 x all--all--long s9ce6' ,& :ile we gaz$ on him ) looks ( a/oni%m5t1 he proce$$3 ',ay1 9 ^? days ! =e/s ( firs 7 =e/s ( oak4 ,nideck1 ,dagsb]g1 ,falk5/e9--all ! ca/les n[ old & ru9$ 7 yet unbuilt4 ,9 ^? days wild bulls 7 hunt$ ?r\gh ! woods2 salmon 7 pl5ty 9 ! ,s>re2 & y1 ! fair-hair$ race1 buri$ 9 ! sn[s six mon?s ( ! ye>1 liv$ ^u milk & *eese1 = y _h great flocks on ,h5g/1 ,s*neeb]g1 ,grosmann1 & ,donon4 ,9 summ] y hunt$ z f> z ! banks ( ! ,rh9e2 z f> z ! ,moselle1 ! ,meuse4 ,all ?is c ,i rememb]6' ,0 x n /range1 ,jean-,claude8 said ! old woman4 ,z ! fool spoke1 ,i seem$1 too1 to rememb] ^? sc5es1 z if view$ 9 a dream4 ,i let fall my di/aff1 & old ,du*5e & all ! o!rs /opp$ to li/54 ,! fool cont9u$3 ',ay1 x 0 long ago6 ,y _h already begun to build y\r tall *imneys2 & y surr\nd$ y\r habitations ) palisades ^: po9ts _h be5 h>d5$ 9 ! fire4 ,)9 y kept great dogs1 ) hang+ *eeks1 :o bay$ night & day4' ,!n he bur/ into a peal ( crazy laught]1 cry+3 ',& y ?\ght y\rselves ! lords ( ! l&--y1 ! pale-fac$ & blue-ey$--y1 :o liv$ on milk & *eese1 & t\*$ no fle% save 9 autumn at y\r hunts--y ?\ght y\rselves lords ( ! m\nta9 & ! pla9--:5 we1 ! r$-be>d$1 came f ! sea--we1 :o lov$ blood & ! d9 ( battle4 ',twas a rude w>1 ours4 ,x la/$ weeks & mon?s2 & y\r old *iefta9ess1 ,m>g>e?1 ( ! clan ( ! ,kilb]ix1 %ut up 9 h] palisades1 surr\nd$ by h] dogs & h] w>riors1 def5d$ h]self l a %e-wolf robb$ ( h] "y4 #be ,b five moons pass$1 & hung] came2 ! gates ( h] /ronghold op5$1 t its def5d]s might fly2 & we1 ambu%$ 9 ! brook1 slew !m all--all--save ! *ildr54 ,%e alone def5d$ h]self to ! la/1 & ,i1 ,luitpr&1 clove h] gray head1 & sp>$ h] bl9d fa!r1 ! olde/ among ! old1 t ,i might *a9 him l a dog to my ca/le gate4' ,!n1 ,hull91 said ! old woman1 ! fool sang a long ballad--! pla9t ( ! old man *a9$ to 8 gate4 ,x 0 sad1 sad z ! ,mis]]e4 ,x *ill$ our v blood4 ,b he laugh$ until old ,du*5e1 9 a transport ( rage1 ?rew himself ^u him to /rangle him2 b ! fool is /rong1 & hurl$ him back4 ,!n br&i%+ 8 sceptre furi\sly1 he %\t$3 ',to y\r knees1 slaves6 to y\r knees6 ,my armies are advanc+4 ,! e>? trembles b5ea? !m4 ,nideck1 ,haut-,b>r1 ,dagsb]g1 ,turke/e91 w aga9 t[] above y4 ,to y\r knees6' ,nev] did ,i gaze ^u a m fe>ful figure2 b see+ my p ab\t to fall ^u him1 ,i int]pos$ 9 8 def5ce4 ',he is b a fool1' ,i cri$4 ',are y n a%am$ to m9d 8 words8' ,?is quiet$ !m1 b ,i c\ld n close my eyes ! entire night4 ,8 /ory--! song ( ! old man--rang ?r\gh my e>s1 & seem$ m+l$ ) ! b>k+ ( our dogs & ! d9 ( combat4 ,hull91 :at ?9k y ( x8 ,i _c bani% 8 ?reats f my m9d6 ,i %\ld ?9k1 said ! sabot-mak]1 ) a look ( pity n unmix$ ) a sort ( sorr[ful s>casm--,i %\ld ?9k1 ,ca!r9e1 if ,i did n "k y s well1 t y 7 los+ y\r s5ses--y & ,du*5e & ,rob9 & all ! re/4 ,y d n und]/& ^! matt]s1 said ! old woman 9 a calm & grave tone2 b 7 y nev] tr\bl$ by ?+s ( l nature8 ,d y mean t y believe ?is nons5se ( ,yeg(8 ,yes1 ,i believe x4 ,y believe x6 ,y1 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre6 ,if x 0 ,"m ,ro*>t1 ,i w\ld say no?+2 b y--6 ,he arose z if angry1 unti$ 8 apron1 %rugg$ 8 %\ld]s1 & !n sudd5ly1 aga9 seat+ himself1 exclaim$3 ,d y "k :o ?is fool is8 ,i w tell y4 ,he is "o ( ^? ,g]man s*oolma/]s :o turn old wom5's heads ) _! ,"m ,goose /ories2 ^: bra9s are crack$ ) ov]mu* /udy1 & :o take _! visions = actual ev5ts--_! crazy fancies = reality4 ,i always look$ ^u ,yeg( z "o ( !m4 ,rememb] ! mass ( names he kn[s2 he talks ( ,brittany & ,au/rasia--( ,polynesia & ,nideck & ! banks ( ! ,rh9e1 & s gives an air ( probability to 8 vag>ies4 ,9 ord9>y times1 ,ca!r9e1 y w\ld ?9k z ,i d2 b y\r m9d is tr\bl$ at receiv+ no news f ,gasp>d1 & ! rumors ( w> & invasion :i* are fly+ ar\nd di/ract y2 y d n sleep1 & y look ^u ! sickly fancies ( a poor fool z gospel tru?4 ,n s1 ,hull9--n s4 ,if y y\rself _h he>d ,yeg(-- ,come1 come6 cri$ ! good man4 ,if ,i _h he>d him1 ,i w\ld h laugh$ at him1 z ,i d n[4 ,d y "k t he has dem&$ ! h& ( ,l\ise1 t he might make h] ,que5 ( ,au/rasia8 ,ca!r9e c\ld n help smil+2 b soon resum+ h] s]i\s air1 %e said3 #bf ,all y\r reasons1 ,jean-,claude1 _c conv9ce me2 b ,i confess t ,gasp>d's sil5ce fright5s me4 ,i "k my boy1 & he has c]ta9ly writt54 ,:y h 8 lett]s n arriv$8 ,! w> goes ill = u1 ,hull92 all ! _w is aga9/ u4 ,!y want none ( our ,revolution4 ,:ile we 7 ! ma/]s1 :ile we cr[n$ victory ) victory1 !y 7 humble en\gh1 b s9ce ! ,russian mis=tune _! tone is f> diff]5t4 ,!re1 !re1 ,ca!r9e2 y are w&]+2 ev]y?+ is black to y4 ,:at di/urbs me mo/ is n receiv+ any news f )\t2 we are liv+ "h z 9 a c\ntry ( savages2 we "k no?+ ( :at is go+ on abroad4 ,! ,au/rians or ! ,cossacks might fall ^u u at any mom5t1 & we be tak5 completely by surprise4 ,hull9 obs]v$ t z he spoke ! old woman's look became anxi\s1 & despite himself he felt ! influ5ce ( ! fe>s %e spoke (4 ,li/51 ,ca!r9e1 said he sudd5ly2 z long z y talk reasonably ,i %all n ga9say y4 ,y speak n[ ( ?+s t are possible4 ,i d n believe !y w attack u1 b x is bett] to set our he>ts at ease4 ,i int5d$ go+ to ,phalsb\rg ?is week4 ,i %all set out to-morr[4 ,9 su* a city--"o :i* is1 moreov]1 a po/-/ation--!y %\ld h c]ta9 tid+s ( :at is go+ on4 ,w y believe ! news ,i br+ back8 ,i w4 ,!n x is und]/ood4 ,i w />t e>ly to-morr[ morn+4 ,x is five leagues (f4 ,i %all h return$ by ab\t six 9 ! ev5+1 & y %all see1 ,ca!r9e1 t y\r m\rnful notions lack reason4 ,i hope s1 said %e1 ris+2 inde$ ,i hope s4 ,y h some:at reassur$ me1 ,jean-,claude1 & ,i may sleep bett] ?an ,i did la/ night4 ,good-night1 ,jean-,claude4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,! next morn+ at daybreak1 ,hull91 9 8 gray-clo? ,sunday small-clo!s1 8 ample br[n velvet coat1 8 r$ ve/ ) its copp] buttons1 8 head cov]$ ) 8 m\nta9e]'s sl\*$ hat1 ! broad brim turn$ up 9 front ov] 8 ruddy face1 took ! road to ,phalsb\rg1 a /\t /aff 9 8 h&4 ,phalsb\rg is a small =tifi$ city on ! imp]ial road f ,/rasb\rg to ,p>is4 ,x comm&s ! slope ( ,sav]ne1 ! defiles ( ,haut-,b>r1 ( ,ro*e-,plate1 ,bonne-,fonta9e1 & ,grauf?al4 ,its ba/ions1 advanc$ works1 & demi-lunes run zigzag ov] a rocky plateau2 af> (f y w\ld ?9k y c\ld cle> ! walls at a b\nd2 a ne>] approa* %[s a dit*1 a hundr$ feet wide & ?irty deep1 & beyond ! d>k ramp>ts cut 9 ! rock itself4 ,all ! re/ ( ! city1 save ! t[n-hall1 ! two gates ( ,france & ,g]many ) _! po9t$ ar*es1 & ! tops ( ! two magaz9es1 is conceal$ beh9d ! glacis4 ,su* is ! little city1 :i* is n lack+ 9 a c]ta9 k9d ( gr&eur1 especially :5 we cross its bridges1 & pass its heavy gates1 /udd$ ) iron spikes4 ,)9 ! walls1 ! h\ses are l[1 regul>ly built ( cut /one 9 /raight /reets4 ,a milit>y atmosph]e p]vades ev]y?+4 ,hull91 ^: robu/ heal? & joy\s nature gave him little c>e = ! future1 pu%$ gayly onw>d1 reg>d+ ! /ories ( defeat & invasion :i* fill$ ! air z s _m malici\s inv5tions4 #bg ,judge1 !n1 ( 8 /upefaction :51 on com+ 9 sight ( ! t[n1 he saw t ! clock-t[] /ood no long]1 n a g>d5 or an or*>d1 n a walk or a bu% c\ld he see2 ev]y?+ )9 cannon-%ot 0 utt]ly de/roy$4 ,a few wret*es 7 collect+ ! rema9+ pieces ( _! cottages to c>ry !m to ! city4 ,no?+ c\ld be se5 to ! v]ge ( ! horizon b ! l9es ( ! ramp>ts4 ,jean-,claude 0 ?und]-/ruck2 = a few mom5ts he c\ld nei!r utt] a ^w nor advance a /ep4 ,aha6 he mutt]$ at la/1 ?+s are n go+ well4 ,! enemy is expect$4 ,!n 8 w>rior in/9cts ris+1 8 br[n *eeks flu%$ ) ang]4 ,x is ^? rascal ,au/rians1 & ,prussians1 & ,russians1 :o h caus$ all ?is1 he cri$1 %ak+ 8 /aff2 b let !m bew>e6 ,!y %all rue x6 ,8 wra? grew z he advanc$4 ,tw5ty m9utes lat] he ent]$ ! city at ! end ( a long tra9 ( wagons1 ea* drawn by five or six horses1 & dragg+ enorm\s trunks ( trees1 de/9$ to =m a block-h\se on ! ,place d',armes4 ,betwe5 driv]s1 peasants1 & neigh+1 /ruggl+1 kick+ horses1 a m\nt$ g5d>me1 ,fa!r ,kels1 rode grimly1 seem+ to he> no?+ ( ! tumult ar\nd1 b ev] & anon say+1 9 a deep base voice3 ,c\rage6 my fri5ds1 c\rage6 ,we c make two j\rneys m be=e night1 & y w h des]v$ well ( y\r c\ntry4 ,jean-,claude cross$ ! bridge4 ,a new spectacle pres5t$ itself )9 ! walls4 ,all 7 absorb$ 9 ! "w ( def5ce4 ,e gate 0 op54 ,m51 wom51 & *ildr5 labor$1 ran1 or help$ to c>ry p[d] & %ot4 ,occasionally1 gr\ps ( ?ree1 f\r1 or half a doz5 w\ld collect to he> ! news4 ,neighbors1 "o w\ld say1 a c\ri] has arriv$ at full spe$4 ,he ent]$ by ! ,fr5* gate4 ,!n he ann\nces ! com+ ( ! ,national ,gu>d f ,nancy4 ,or1 p]haps1 a tra9 f ,metz4 ,y are "r4 ,sixte5-p\nd %ot are want+1 z well z cani/]4 ,!y are break+ up ! /oves to supply its place4 ,"s ( ! citiz5s1 9 _! %irt-sleeves1 7 b>ricad+ _! w9d[s ) heavy beams & mattresses2 o!rs 7 roll+ tubs ( wat] be=e _! doors4 ,_! en?usiasm excit$ ,hull9's admiration4 ,good6 he cri$1 good6 ,! allies w be well receiv$ "h6 ,opposite ! college1 ! squeak+ voice ( ! s]geant1 ,h>manti]1 0 %riek+3 ,be x kn[n t ! casemates w be op5$1 to ! end t ea* man may br+ a mattress & two blankets2 & moreov]1 t messieurs ! commission]s are ab\t to comm5ce _! r\nd ( inspection to see t ea* inhabitant has ?ree mon?s' provisions 9 8 h\se1 :i* he mu/ %[3 ,giv5 ?is tw5tie? day ( ,decemb]1 "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & ?irte54 ,jean ,pi]re ,meuni]1 ,gov]nor4 ,/range sc5es1 bo? s]i\s & comic1 succe$$ e m9ute4 ,hull9 0 no long] ! same man4 ,memories ( ! m>*1 ! biv\ac1 ! rattle ( musketry1 ! *>ge1 ! %\t ( victory1 came ru%+ ^u him4 ,8 eyes sp>kl$ & 8 he>t beat fa/1 & ! ?\ghts ( ! glory to be ga9$ 9 a brave def5ce1 a /ruggle to ! dea? ) a haughty enemy1 fill$ 8 bra94 ,good fai?6 said he to himself1 all goes well6 ,i h made clogs en\gh 9 my life1 & if ! "t has come to %\ld] ! musket once m1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,we w %[ ^! ,prussians & ,au/rians t we h n =gott5 ! roll ( ! *>ge6 #bh ,?us mus$ ! brave old man1 b 8 exultation 0 n ( long duration4 ,be=e ! *ur*1 on ! ,place d',armes1 7 fifte5 or tw5ty wagons full ( w\nd$1 arriv+ f ,leipsic & ,hanau4 ,_m poor fell[s1 pale1 emaciat$1 ) eyes half-clos$ & glassy1 or roll+ 9 agony1 "s ) arms & legs already amputat$1 "s ) w\nds n yet ev5 b&ag$1 lay await+ dea?4 ,ne> by1 a few worn-out horses 7 eat+ _! scanty prov5d]1 :ile _! driv]s1 poor peasants press$ into s]vice 9 ,alsace1 wrapp$ 9 _! long1 ragg$ cloaks1 slept1 9 spite ( cold1 on ! /eps ( ! *ur*4 ,x 0 t]rible to see ! m51 wrapp$ 9 _! gray ov]coats1 heap$ ^u bloody /raw2 "o hold+ 8 brok5 arm ^u 8 knee2 ano!r b9d+ 8 head ) an old h&k]*ief2 a ?ird already dead1 s]v+ z a seat = ! liv+4 ,hull9 /ood transfix$4 ,he c\ld n )draw 8 eyes f ! sc5e4 ,human mis]y 9 its int5se/ =ms fasc9ates u4 ,we w\ld see h[ m5 die--h[ !y face dea?2 & ! be/ among u are n free f ?is horrible curiosity4 ,x seems to u z if et]nity 7 ab\t to disclose its secrets4 ,on ! fir/ wagon to ! "r 7 two c>ab9e]s 9 sky-blue jackets--two giants--b _! /rong frames 7 b[$ ) pa92 !y seem$ two /atues cru%$ b5ea? "s enorm\s mass ( /one4 ,"o1 ) ?ick r$ mu/a*es & sunk5 *eeks1 gl>$ ) 8 /ony eyes1 z if awak5$ f a frightful nightm>e2 ! o!r1 b5t d\ble1 8 h&s blue ) cold1 & 8 %\ld] torn by a grape-%ot1 0 becom+ mom5t>ily weak]1 b f "t to "t />t$ up1 mutt]+ l "o 9 a dream4 ,beh9d1 infantrym5 7 /ret*$ 9 c\ples1 mo/ ( !m /ruck by bullets4 ,!y seem$ to be> _! fate ) m =titude ?an did ! giants1 n speak+1 except t a few1 ! y\nge/1 %riek$ furi\sly = wat] & bread4 ,9 ! next wagon1 a pla9tive voice--! voice ( a conscript--call$ ^u 8 "m1 :ile 8 old] comrades smil$ s>ca/ically at 8 cry4 ,n[ & !n a %udd] ran ?r\gh !m all1 z a man--or mayhap sev]al--w\ld rise1 & ) a long sigh fall back4 ,?is 0 dea?4 ,:ile ,hull9 /ood sil5t1 ! blood froz5 9 8 he>t1 a citiz51 ,sme1 ! bak]1 came =? f 8 h\se1 c>ry+ a l>ge pot ( boil$ meat4 ,!n y %\ld h se5 ^? spectres /ruggle1 _! eyes glance1 _! no/rils dilate2 a new life seem$ to animate !m1 = ! poor wret*es 7 dy+ ( hung]4 ,good ,fa!r ,sme1 ) te>s 9 8 eyes1 approa*$1 say+3 ,i am com+1 my *ildr54 ,a little pati5ce1 & y w be suppli$4 ,b sc>cely _h he rea*$ ! fir/ wagon1 :5 ! huge c>ab9e] ) ! sunk5 *eeks plung$ 8 arm to ! elb[ 9 ! boil+ pot1 seiz$ a piece ( meat1 & conceal$ x b5ea? 8 jacket4 ,x 0 done l a fla%1 & savage cries arose on all sides4 ,m5 :o _h n /r5g? en\gh to move w\ld h /rangl$ _! comrade4 ,he press$ ! preci\s morsel to 8 brea/1 8 tee? 7 already 9 x1 & he gl>$ ar\nd l a wild bea/4 ,at ! cries :i* arose1 an old soldi]--a s]geant--sprang f a neighbor+ wagon2 he und]/ood all at a glance1 & )\t useless delay tore ! meat f ! c>ab9e]1 say+3 ,?\ des]ve/ to h none4 ,let u divide2 x w make t5 rations4 #bi ,we are only eight1 said a w\nd$ man1 calm 9 appe>ance1 b ) eyes gli/5+ 9 8 bronz$ face4 ,y see1 s]geant1 t ^? two !re are dy+2 x is no use to wa/e food4 ,! s]geant look$4 ,y are "r1 he repli$4 ,eight p>ts4 ,hull9 c\ld be> no m4 ,he fl$1 pale z dea?1 to ! innkeep]1 ,wittmann's4 ,wittmann 0 also a deal] 9 lea!r & furs1 & cri$1 z he saw him ent]3 ,ha6 x is y1 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude2 y are e>li] ?an usual4 ,i did n expect y be=e next week4 ,!n1 see+ him tremble1 he ask$3 ,b :at is ! matt]8 ,y are ill4 ,i h j be5 look+ at ! w\nd$4 ,ah6 yes4 ,! fir/ "t x affects "o2 b if y _h se5 fifte5 ?\s& pass1 z ,i h1 y w\ld ?9k no?+ ( x4 ,a glass ( w9e1 quick6 cri$ ,hull94 ,o m51 m56 y :o %\ld be bro!rs6 ,yes1 bro!rs until ! purse gives out1 repli$ ,wittmann4 ,!re1 dr9k1 & y w feel bett]4 ,& y h se5 fifte5 ?\s& ( ^! wret*es pass1 said ! sabot-mak]4 ,at lea/2 & all 9 ! la/ two mon?s1 )\t speak+ ( ^? t rema9$ 9 ,alsace & on ! o!r side ( ! ,rh9e2 =1 y "k1 wagons c\ld n be procur$ = all1 & x 0 n wor? :ile remov+ _m4 ,yes1 ,i und]/&4 ,b :y are ^? un=tunates !re8 ,:y are !y n 9 ! hospital8 ,! hospital6 ,:]e are !re hospitals en\gh = !m--= fifty ?\s& w\nd$8 ,e "o1 f ,may5ce & ,cobl5tz to ,phalsb\rg1 is cr[d$2 &1 moreov]1 t t]rible sickness1 typhus1 kills m ?an ! enemy's bullets4 ,all ! villages 9 ! pla91 = tw5ty leagues ar\nd1 are infect$1 & m5 die l flies4 ,happily1 ! city has be5 = ?ree days 9 a /ate ( siege1 & !y are ab\t to close ! gates1 & all[ no "o to ent]4 ,i h lo/ my uncle ,*ri/ian & my aunt ,lisbe?1 z hale1 he>ty p z y or ,i1 ,jean-,claude4 ,! cold has come1 too2 !re 0 a :ite fro/ la/ night4 ,& ! w\nd$ 7 9 ! /reet all night8 ,no2 !y came f ,sav]ne ?is morn+1 & 9 an h\r or two--z soon z ! horses are re/$--!y w dep>t = ,s>reb\rg4 ,at ?is in/ant1 ! old s]geant1 :o _h e/abli%$ ord] 9 ! wagon1 ent]$1 rubb+ 8 h&s4 ,ha1 ha6 he said1 x is becom+ cool]1 ,fa!r ,wittmann4 ,y did well to light ! fire 9 ! /ove4 ,a little glass ( cognac w\ld n be amiss to take (f ! *ill4 ,8 little1 half-clos$ eyes1 hook$ nose1 sep>at+ a pair ( wr9kl$ *eeks1 & *91 f :i* a r$ tuft ( be>d hung1 all gave ! old soldi]'s face an expression ( good humor & jollity4 ,x 0 a true milit>y c\nt5ance--hale1 bronz$ by exposure1 full ( bluff frankness z well z ( rogui% %rewdness--& 8 tall %ako & gray-blue ov]coat1 %\ld]-belt1 & epaulettes seem$ "p ( himself4 ,he m>*$ up & d[n ! room1 /ill rubb+ 8 h&s1 :ile ,wittmann fill$ him a little glass ( br&y4 ,hull91 seat$ ne> ! w9d[1 _h1 9 ! fir/ place1 rem>k$ ! numb] ( 8 regim5t--! six? ( ! l9e4 ,gasp>d1 ! son ( ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 0 9 ! same4 ,jean-,claude w\ld1 !n1 h tid+s ( ,l\ise's betro!d2 b :5 he attempt$ to speak1 8 he>t beat pa9fully4 ,if ,gasp>d 7 dead6 ,if he _h p]i%$ l s _m o!rs6 #cj ,! old sabot-mak] felt /rangl$4 ,he 0 sil5t4 ,bett] to "k no?+1 he ?\ght4 ,nev]!less1 9 a few mom5ts he aga9 tri$ to speak4 ,s]geant1 said he huskily1 y are ( ! ,six?8 ,ev5 s1 my burgess1 repli$ ! o!r1 return+ to ! middle ( ! room4 ,d y "k "o ,gasp>d ,lefevre8 ,gasp>d ,lefevre8 ,p>bleu6 t d ,i4 ,i taught him to %\ld] arms2 a brave soldi]1 i' fai?1 & good on ! m>*4 ,if we _h a hundr$ ?\s& ( 8 /amp-- ,!n he is alive & well8 ,he is1 my citiz5--at lea/ he 0 a week ago1 :5 ,i left ! regim5t at ,fr$]ic/hal ) ?is tra9 ( w\nd$2 s9ce !n1 y und]/&1 !re has be5 w>m "w1 & "o c answ] = no?+--"o might get 8 billet at any mom5t4 ,b a week ago1 at ,fr$]ic/hal1 ,gasp>d ,lefevre /ill answ]$ roll-call4 ,jean ,claude brea!d4 ,b1 s]geant1 c y tell me :y he has n writt5 home ^! two mon?s back8 ,! old soldi] smil$ & w9k$ 8 little eyes4 ,d y ?9k1 my fri5d1 t a man has no?+ to d on ! m>* b write8 ,no2 ,i h se5 s]vice4 ,i made ! campaigns ( ! ,sambre-&-,meuse1 ( ,egypt & ( ,italy1 b ,i always manag$ to let my fri5ds at home he> f me4 ,"o mom5t1 comrade1 int]rupt$ ! s]geant4 ,i 0 9 ,italy & ,egypt too1 b ! campaign j f9i%$ 0 9 e respect peculi>4 ,x 0 a sev]e "o1 no d\bt4 ,sev]e6 ,ev]y?+ & e "o 0 aga9/ u2 sickness1 traitors1 peasants1 citiz5s1 our allies--all ! _w6 ,( our company1 :i* 0 full :5 we left ,phalsb\rg ! tw5ty-fir/ ( ,janu>y la/1 only ?irty-two m5 rema94 ,i believe t ,gasp>d ,lefevre is ! only conscript left liv+4 ,! poor conscripts6 ,!y f\ght well1 b exposure & hung] did _! bus9ess4 ,s say+1 ! old s]geant walk$ to ! c\nt] & empti$ 8 glass at "o gulp4 ,to y\r heal?1 citiz54 ,might y1 p]*ance1 be ,gasp>d's fa!r8 ,no2 ,i am only a relative4 ,well1 y c boa/ ( be+ solidly built 9 y\r family4 ,:at a man he is = a y\? ( tw5ty6 ,he held firm :ile ^? ar\nd 7 s5t by doz5s to m\nt gu>d bel[4 ,b1 said ,hull91 aft] a mom5t's sil5ce1 ,i d n yet see :at !re 0 s extraord9>y 9 ?is la/ campaign1 = we1 too1 _h our sickness & traitors-- ,extraord9>y6 cri$ ! s]geant2 ev]y?+ 0 extraord9>y4 ,=m]ly1 y "k1 a ,g]man w> 0 f9i%$ aft] a victory or two2 ! p !n receiv$ y well2 drank _! :ite w9e & mun*$ _! sau]kraut ) y2 &1 :5 ! regim5t dep>t$1 e "o ev5 wept4 ,b ?is "t1 aft] ,lutz5 & ,bautz51 in/ead ( becom+ good-natur$1 !y grew fi]c] ?an ev]3 we c\ld obta9 no?+ except by =ce2 x 0 l ,spa9 or ,la ,v5de4 ,i don't "k :at made !m hate u s4 #ca ,b if we 7 all ,fr5*1 ?+s w\ld aft] all h yet gone well2 b we _h our ,saxon & o!r allies ready to fly at our ?roats4 ,we c\ld h beat5 ! enemy1 ev5 if !y 7 five to "o1 b = our allies4 ,look at ,leipsic1 :]e 9 ! middle ( ! fight !y turn$ aga9/ u--,i mean our good fri5ds ! ,saxons4 ,a week aft]1 our o!r good fri5ds ! ,bav>ians tri$ to cut (f our retreat2 b !y ru$ x at ,hanau4 ,! next day1 ne> ,frank=t1 ano!r column ( our good fri5ds pres5t$ !mselves1 b we cru%$ ! traitors4 ,if we only =esaw all ?is aft] ,au/]litz1 ,j5a1 ,fri$l&1 ,wagram6 ,hull9 /ood = a mom5t sil5t & ?\ghtful4 ,& h[ d we /& n[1 s]geant8 said he1 at l5g?4 ,we h be5 driv5 across ! ,rh9e1 & all our =tresses on ! ,g]man side are blockad$4 ,all ,europe is advanc+ ^u u4 ,! emp]or is at ,p>is1 arrang+ 8 plan ( campaign4 ,w\ld to heav5 we c\ld get brea?+ "t until ! spr+6 ,at ?is mom5t ,wittmann arose1 &1 go+ to ! w9d[1 said3 ,"h comes ! gov]nor1 mak+ 8 t\r ( inspection4 ,! comm&ant ,jean-,pi]re ,meuni]1 9 8 ?ree-cock$ hat1 ) a tri-color$ sa% ar\nd 8 wai/1 _h inde$ j made 8 appe>ance 9 ! /reet4 ,ah6 said ! s]geant1 ,i mu/ get him to sign my m>*+ pap]s4 ,excuse me1 messieurs1 ,i mu/ leave y4 ,good-by1 !n1 s]geant1 & ?ank y4 ,if y see ,gasp>d1 embrace him = ,jean-,claude ,hull91 & tell him to write4 ,i %all n fail4 ,! s]geant dep>t$1 & ,hull9 empti$ 8 glass4 ,d y int5d to />t at once1 ,jean-,claude8 ask$ ,wittmann4 ,yes1 ! days are gr[+ %ort1 & ! road ?r\gh ! wood is n easily f\nd aft] d>k4 ,adieu6 ,! innkeep] wat*$ ! old m\nta9e] f ! w9d[1 z he cross$ ! /reet1 & mutt]$ z he gaz$ at ! retreat+ figure3 ,h[ pale he 0 :5 he came 96 ,he c\ld sc>cely /&4 ,x is /range6 ,an old man su* z he--a soldi] too6 ,i c\ld see fifty regim5ts /ret*$ 9 ambulances1 & n %ake s4 ---------- #cb ,translat$ ,f ,! ,hi/oris*-politis*e ,bltt]4 ,m>ia ,von ,mrl4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is ye> a rem>kable human life came to a close4 ,t wond]ful be+ ^: "n & fame travell$ f ,s\? ,tyrol all ov] ,g]many1 & made h] resid5ce become a frequ5t$ pilgrimage )\t h] w--b = ! great consolation ( multitudes dur+ a :ole g5]ation--t extraord9>y woman is no m4 ,m>ia von ,mrl di$ on ,janu>y #aa?1 #ahfh1 9 ! fifty-six? ye> ( h] age1 & 9 ! ?irty-six? ( h] ec/atic life4 ,x is n[ ov] a score ( ye>s s9ce ! ma/]ly p5 ( ,grres sket*$1 9 8 ,my/ik1 s /rik+ a portrait ( ,m>ia von ,mrl1 & /ill ! att5tion ( ! believ+ _w is attract$ to ! life ( ! ec/atic virg94 ,s9ce !n ?\s&s h gone to ! ,s\? ,tyrol m>kets to behold z a reality :at w\ld s\nd leg5d>y to read or he>1 & to be> te/imony to ! tru? ( :at ,grres wrote ab\t ! /igmata ( t holy woman4 ,all ! pilgrims f\nd 8 /atem5ts p]fectly correct4 ,al?\gh ,grres1 9 describ+ ! ph5om5a1 ab/a9$ f a def9itive judgm5t reg>d+ h] sanctity1 accord+ to ! rule t no "o mu/ be call$ a sa9t be=e dea?1 we are n re/ra9$ any long] f express+ our convictions1 n[ t %e is no m4 ,h] happy & holy dea? is ! /ronge/ confirmation ( h] unimpea*able life4 ,we h n[ all ! necess>y docum5ts to =m a correct e/imate ( h] hol9ess4 ,let u glance at ! mo/ int]e/+ ev5ts 9 h] life1 & sum up briefly & simply ! *ief traits ( h] inn] & ext]ior "*4 ,?ree miles s\? ( ,botz51 9 a *>m+ l&scape1 ) a prospect ext5d+ ov] a wide & smil+ valley1 lies ! v9e-cr[n$ spot 9 :i* ,m>ia ,!resa von ,mrl fir/ saw ! light ( day1 on ,octob] #af?1 #ahab4 ,%e 0 ! daught] ( a r$uc$1 b noble1 v9e cultivator 9 ,kalt]n1 ,footnote #c ,joseph von ,mrl1 ( ,mhl5 & ,li*elburg1 :o 0 bless$ ) a v l>ge family1 b n ) suffici5t means to raise !m z became _! blood4 ,footnote #c3 ,kalt]n is ! ,g]man = ! ,italian ,cald>o4--,tr4 ,m>ia receiv$ f h] good1 s5sible "m1 ^: maid5 "n 0 ,selva1 a pi\s & simple education2 & ! "y girl grew up 9 virtue1 mode/ & g5tle1 affectionate & oblig+ to all1 ( good und]/&+1 b ) no great p[]s ( fancy4 ,%e 0 an exp]t little h\sewife1 & aid$ h] "m 9 ! managem5t ( _! dome/ic affairs4 ,frequ5t illness1 :i* began to tr\ble h] z e>ly z h] fif? ye> & cont9u$ to affect h] ?r\gh life1 z x _h its seat 9 h] blood1 r5d]$ h]1 ev5 at an e>ly age1 r grave1 & increas$ h] zeal 9 pray]1 :i* %[$ itself especially 9 h] love & v5]ation = ! ,bless$ ,sacram5t4 ,?is 0 h] "* until1 9 ! ye> #ahbg1 h] belov$ "m 0 tak5 f h] by dea?2 & %e1 at ! age ( fifte51 0 left 9 sole *>ge ( ! family1 h] fa!r be+ unable to provide bett] = ! c>e ( h] eight y\ng] si/]s4 #cc ,m>ia und]took ! task ( _! br++ up ) c\rage & read9ess4 ,%e s\ght among h] increas+ labors & responsibilities1 m ?an ev]1 consolation 9 religion1 & 9 ! frequ5t reception ( ! sacram5t ( ! alt>4 ,b ! burd5 0 too heavy = h] "y %\ld]s1 & %e sank "u x4 ,9 h] eighte5? ye> %e fell into a we>isome sickness1 :i* 0 increas$ 9 pa9fulness by reason ( viol5t cramps1 :i* broke d[n h] con/itution4 ,only by sl[ degrees 0 h] pa9 alleviat$1 )\t ! disease hav+ be5 completely driv5 out4 ,%e nev] became p]fectly s\nd aga94 ,yet %e bore all h] afflictions ) h]oic resignation1 al?\gh to h] physical torm5ts m5tal /ruggles 7 (t5 add$ temptations ( ! devil2 & tr\bles ( s\l :i* we _c dwell ^u "h4 ,footnote #d ,footnote #d3 ,grres describes !m fully 9 8 ,*ri/li*e ,my/ik1 b& iii4 ,su* 0 h] condition dur+ ab\t two ye>s1 :5 h] confessor1 ,fa!r ,capi/ran1 a quiet1 prud5t man1 & = ye>s a true fri5d ( ! di/ress$ family1 obs]v$ t at c]ta9 times1 :5 %e 0 int]rogat$ by him1 %e did n answ]1 & seem$ to be out ( h]self4 ,:5 he que/ion$ h] nurses & o!rs on ?is po9t1 !y in=m$ him t su* 0 always ! case :5 %e receiv$ ! holy communion4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ symptom ( h] ec/atic /ate1 into :i* %e ent]$ 9 h] tw5tie? ye>1 & :i* soon became m & m /rik+4 ,on ! fea/ ( ,corpus ,*ri/i1 #ahcb1 :i* 9 ,kalt]n1 z ?r\gh\t ! :ole ,tyrol1 is celebrat$ ) unusual solemnity1 ,fa!r ,capi/ran1 = special reasons1 gave h] ! holy sacram5t at ?ree ,a4,m41 & imm$iately %e fell into an ec/asy :i* la/$1 to 8 p]sonal k1 = sev]al h\rs6 ,he left h] to att5d to o!r duties2 & :5 he return$1 at noon on ! foll[+ day1 he f\nd ! ec/atic /ill kneel+ 9 ! same place :]e he _h left h] ?irty-six h\rs be=e2 & he>d1 to 8 a/oni%m5t1 t %e _h rema9$ ! :ole "t ?us undi/urb$ 9 contemplation4 ,! good ,franciscan n[ compreh5d$ = ! fir/ "t t ec/asy _h become almo/ a second nature to h]2 & und]took ! regulation ( ?is sup]natural condition ( 8 sa9tly p5it5t4 ,! p[] ( ! p]ceptive faculties increas$ wond]fully ) h] ec/asies1 z sev]al pres5tim5ts & prophecies demon/rat$ 9 a surpris+ mann]4 ,h] fame 0 soon nois$ abroad4 ,! report ( h] ec/atic kneel+ & pray] spread ?r\gh ! ,tyrol1 & great excitem5t 0 creat$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole l&4 ,cr[ds ( p flock$ to see h]1 & to be edifi$ by ! sight4 ,f diff]5t & di/ant places numb]s came z pilgrims to ,kalt]n4 ,dur+ ! summ] ( #ahcc1 m ?an =ty ?\s& p]sons1 ( all classes1 visit$ h]1 )\t ! slighte/ disord] or sc&al1 al?\gh sometimes two or ?ree ?\s& p 9 a day pass$ ?r\gh ! room ( ! rapt maid51 kneel+ undi/urb$ 9 contemplation4 ,_m s9n]s 7 mov$ & conv]t$ by ! spectacle4 ,no "o c\ld expla9 ! sudd5 & extraord9>y commotion excit$ 9 a :ole p4 ,! civil & ecclesia/ical au?orities wi%$ to prev5t ! conc\rse2 s x 0 ann\nc$ t no fur!r pilgrimages w\ld be all[$4 ,!y gradually ceas$4 ,! prie/s1 h[ev]1 bore te/imony to ! good results :i* _h fl[$ f ^? pilgrimages4 #cd ,9 ! autumn ( ! same ye>1 ,francis ,xavi] ,lus*91 ,pr9ce-,bi%op ( ,tr5t1 caus$ an inve/igation to be made1 & ! witnesses to be exam9$ on oa?1 reg>d+ ! /ate ( ! ec/atic virg91 to prev5t any fur!r proce$+s & annoyances on ! "p ( ! police1 b especially to remove all suspicion ( pi\s fraud4 ,! pr9ce-bi%op1 :o 0 imp>tial en\gh n to give a f9al decision1 in=m$ ! civil au?orities t ! sickness ( ,m>ia von ,mrl 0 c]ta9ly n hol9ess1 b t h] und\bt$ hol9ess c\ld n be call$ a sickness4 ,all ?is excitem5t 0 unkn[n to ! cause ( x1 :o rema9$ undi/urb$ by ! ?rongs :o came to see h]4 ,h] inn] life seem$ to be completely develop$ 9 ! ye> #ahcd1 :5 %e receiv$ ! /igmata4 ,h[ ?is happ5$ is be/ told 9 ! words ( ,grres himself3 ,9 ! fall ( #ahcc1 ! fa!r-confessor occasionally rem>k$ t ! c5tre ( h] h&s1 :]e ! w\nds appe>$ at a lat] date1 began to fall 91 & ! places became pa9ful & tr\bl$ ) frequ5t cramps4 ,he suspect$ t /igmatization 0 ab\t to happ51 & ! result ju/ifi$ 8 expectations4 ,at e>ly ,mass1 on ,febru>y #d?1 ( ! ye> #ahcd1 he f\nd h] wip+ h] h&s ) a clo? 9 *ildi% a/oni%m5t4 ,:5 he p]ceiv$ blood on x1 he ask$ h] :at 0 ! matt]4 ,%e answ]$ t %e did n well und]/& :at x 02 t %e mu/ h cut h]self 9 "s /range way4 ,b x 0 ! /igmata1 :i* f t day rema9$ un*angeably 9 h] palms1 & soon appe>$ 9 h] feet also1 z well z 9 h] side4 ,s simply did ,fa!r ,capi/ran act 9 ! :ole affair1 & s little desir\s ( wond]-seek+ did he %[ himself1 t he nev] ask$ h] :at 7 h] int]ior dispositions or ph5om5a imm$iately be=e ! reception ( ! w\nds4 ,!y 7 almo/ r\nd1 slightly oblong1 ab\t two in*es 9 diamet]1 & appe>+ on bo? ! upp] & "u p>ts ( h] h&s & feet4 ,! size ( ! lance /igma 9 ! side1 :i* only h] mo/ intimate female fri5ds saw1 c\ld n be det]m9$4 ,on ,?ursday ev5+s & on ,fridays1 cle> blood fl[$ 9 drops f ! w\nds2 on ! o!r days ( ! week1 a dry cru/ ( blood cov]$ !m1 )\t ! slighte/ symptoms ( inflammation or ! slighte/ traces ( pus ev] appe>+4 ,%e conceal$ mo/ c>efully h] /ate1 & all t might betray h] int]ior emotions4 ,b on ! occasion ( a fe/ive procession1 9 #ahcc1 %e fell into an ec/asy 9 ! pres5ce ( sev]al witnesses4 ,%e appe>$ l an angel1 bloom+ l a rose4 ,h] feet sc>cely t\*+ ! b$1 %e /ood up1 ) arms out/ret*$ 9 ! %ape ( a cross1 & ! /igmata 9 h] palms manife/ to all behold]s4 ,footnote #e ,footnote #e3 ,*ri/li*e ,my/ik1 ii4 #eja4 ,m>ia von ,mrl became a si/] ( ! ,?ird ,ord] ( ,/4 ,francis1 &1 9 virtue ( ! ob$i5ce due to him1 h] confessor und]took to keep h] ec/asies )9 due b\nds4 ,%e promis$ him complete ob$i5ce4 ,a ^w f him recall$ h] to h]self4 ,b 8 exp]i5ce 0 v little4 ,no "o at home paid mu* att5tion to h]4 ,%e 0 left v mu* alone4 ,h] confessor 0 a s5sible man1 b v simple & n at all inquisitive4 ,! circle ( h] spiritual ph5om5a roll$ r\nd )9 ! ord9>y limits ( ! fea/s ( ! *ur*4 ,fa!r ,capi/ran did n int]f]e at all 9 ! s+ul>ities ( h] int]ior condition1 or ev5 try to inve/igate _! nature ) curiosity4 #ce ,if %e is n que/ion$1 wrote ! good & simple confessor to ,grres1 %e says v little1 & seldom speaks at all2 ?us1 = in/ance1 x is only to-day t ,i le>n$ completely h] vision ( ,/4 ,paul--on ! fea/ ( 8 conv]sion4 ,only n[ & !n does %e tell a p>ticul> circum/ance1 :i* ,i li/5 to quietly2 & if %e says no?+1 ,i d n tr\ble h] ) que/ions4 ,%e sometimes says to me1 ',i _c prop]ly express :at ,i see by ^w ( m\? or by writ+2 & p]haps ,i might say some?+ false4' ,my direction is extremely pla93 ,i want h] to be always humble & dev\t to ,god2 & ,i am satisfi$ :5 %e prays s f]v5tly to ,god1 & int]c$es = o!rs1 = s9n]s z well z = ! j4 ,x always seems to me t x is n ! w ( ,god t ,i %\ld inquire too curi\sly ab\t h] visions & revelations1 z ,br5tano did ) ,emm]i*4 ,?us wrote ,fa!r ,capi/ran1 :o describes himself 9 8 lett] bett] ?an our p5 c\ld d x4 ,9 ,septemb]1 #ahce1 ,grres came to ,kalt]n1 9 ! ,s\!rn ,tyrol1 :]e he saw frequ5tly ! /igmatiz$ girl1 ^: heal? 0 becom+ e day worse4 ,he f\nd h] 9 h] fa!r's h\se1 ly+ 9 a neat1 pla91 :itewa%$ room1 on a h>d mattress1 & cov]$ ) clean :ite l954 ,at ! side ( h] b$ 0 a little family alt>2 beh9d x1 & ov] ! w9d[s1 7 a few religi\s pictures4 ,%e _h a delicate figure1 ( m$ium height1 & some:at emaciat$ f ! use ( sp>se diet1 yet n unusually ?94 ,:5 he saw h] = ! fir/ "t1 %e 0 9 an ec/asy1 kneel+ on ! l[] "p ( h] b$4 ,grres describes h] ?us3 ,h] h&s1 ) ! visible /igmata1 7 fold$ on h] brea/2 h] face turn$ to ! *ur*1 & slightly rais$2 h] eyes hav+ a look ( complete absorption :i* no?+ c\ld di/urb4 ,no movem5t 0 p]ceptible 9 h] kneel+ =m = a :ole h\r1 except a g5tle brea?+1 occasionally a muscul> action ( ! ?roat z 9 swall[+1 & sometimes an oscillatory movem5t ( ! head & body4 ,%e seem$ z if look+ into ! di/ance1 gaz+ 9 rapture at ,god1 l "o ( ^? angels :o kneel ar\nd 8 ?rone4 ,no wond] t h] appe>ance produc$ su* a great effect on ! behold]s1 s z to br+ te>s to ! eyes ( ! mo/ h>d5$4 ,dur+ h] ec/asy %e contemplat$ ! life & passion ( ,*ri/1 ador$ ! ,bless$ ,sacram5t1 & pray$ accord+ to ! _s ( ! season ( ! ecclesia/ical ye>4 ,?is we are told by h] spiritual director4 ,h] visions & revelations _h all ref]5ce to some?+ holy & ecclesia/ical2 &1 unlike somnambuli/s1 %e rema9$ entirely bl9d1 l o!r p]sons1 to h] own bodily /ate4 7,,ii4 #ejd47 ,9 h] natural condition1 ,m>ia von ,mrl left ! impression ( h] be+ a simple & c&id *ild on ^? :o visit$ h]4 ,grres gives a *>act]i/ic description ( h]3 ,no matt] h[ deeply %e may be lo/ 9 contemplation1 a ^w ( h] confessor1 no matt] 9 h[ l[ a tone x may be utt]$1 recalls h] f h] rapture4 ,!re seems to be no m$ium condition2 only suffici5t "t elapses to make h] consci\s ( ! ^w hav+ be5 spok51 be=e %e op5s h] eyes & becomes z self-possess$ z if %e 7 nev] 9 ec/asy4 ,h] appe>ance becomes imm$iately *ang$ into t ( a "y *ild4 #cf ,! fir/ ?+ %e does on awak+ f h] ec/asy1 if %e p]ceives spectators1 is to hide h] /igmatiz$ h&s "u ! b$-clo?+1 l a little girl :o soils h] h&s ) ink1 & tries to conceal !m at ! approa* ( h] "m4 ,!n %e looks curi\sly among ! cr[d1 = %e is n[ accu/om$ to ! sight ( multitudes1 & gives e "o a fri5dly greet+4 ,z %e has be5 dumb = "s "t1 %e tries to make h]self und]/ood by ge/ures2 & :5 %e f9ds ?is me?od unsuccessful1 %e turns h] eyes entreat+ly1 l an inexp]i5c$ *ild1 to h] confessor1 to ask him to help h] & speak = h]4 ,! expression ( h] d>k eye is t ( joy\s *ildhood4 ,y c look ?r\gh h] cle> eyes to ! v bottom ( h] s\l1 & p]ceive t !re is n a d>k corn] 9 h] nature = any?+ evil to hide 94 ,!re is no?+ defil$ or deceitful 9 h] "*2 no s5tim5talism1 no hypocrisy1 nor ! slighte/ trace ( any pride2 b all 9 h] is *ildlike simplicity & innoc5ce4 7,,ii4#ejh47 ,clem5t ,br5tano be>s a simil> witness to h] virtue :5 he visit$ h] at ,kalt]n1 9 #ahce1 & aga9 9 ! h>ve/ ( #ahcg4 ,9 "o ( 8 lett]s he says ( h]3 ,"h lives ! maid5 ,m>ia von ,mrl1 :o is n[ 9 h] tw5ty-?ird ye>4 ,%e is a lovely1 pi\s1 & *os5 creature4 ,%e is incessantly rapt 9 ec/asy1 kneel+ 9 b$1 h] h&s out/ret*$ or fold$4 ,%e is s wond]fully l5g!n$ dur+ h] ec/asy1 t "o w\ld take h] = a v tall p]son1 ?\gh really %e is q %ort4 ,h] eyes rema9 op5 & fix$1 & ?\gh ! flies run ov] h] eyelids1 %e moves !m n4 ,%e is l a wax figure1 & h] look is /rik+4 ,n[ & !n h] spiritual director int]rupts h] visions1 & imm$iately %e settles into repose on h] c\*1 b aft] a few m9utes rises to h] knees aga94 ,%e makes no ef=t to rise2 %e seems c>ri$ by angels into a kneel+ po/ure4 ,! :ole appe>ance ( ?is extraord9>y girl is mov+1 yet n %ock+1 = ! mom5t ! prie/ comm&s h] to resume h] natural /ate1 %e becomes l "o ( ! mo/ simple & innoc5t ( *ildr51 z if %e 7 n sev5 ye>s old4 ,! mom5t %e p]ceives p]sons ar\nd h]1 %e hides h]self to ! v nose "u ! b$-clo!s1 looks timor\s1 yet smiles on all ar\nd1 & gives !m pictures1 pres]v+ always a s]5e & attractive c\nt5ance1 l t ( ! bless$ ,emm]i*4 ,footnote #f ,footnote #f3 ,clem5s ,br5tano1 ,gesammelte ,briefe1 b& ii4 #cbf4 ,he caus$ a lik5ess ( h] to be pa9t$4 ,l a *ild1 %e 0 fond ( *ildr51 ( birds & fl[]s4 ,x 0 obs]v$ t birds seem$ to h a great lik+ = h]4 ,!y sang 9 flocks ar\nd h] w9d[s1 & if !y 7 br\ght into h] room !y flew to h]4 ,on "o occasion ?ree wild doves 7 giv5 to h]1 & al?\gh !y nev] all[$ any "o to fondle !m be=e1 !y alight$ on h]1 two ( !m on h] arms1 & ! ?ird on h] clasp$ h&s1 putt+ its bill to h] m\? z %e pray$4 ,?is beautiful sc5e 0 repeat$ = sev]al days1 until ! doves 7 driv5 away4 ,! same ?+ happ5$ ) a *ick5 :i* a little si/] ( ,m>ia's1 a *ild ( n9e ye>s old1 accid5tally br\ght into h] *amb]4 ,if fri5ds 7 ar\nd h]1 %e c\ld sometimes rema9 mi/ress ( h]self & take "p 9 _! conv]sation2 b ?is 0 only = a %ort "t1 & %e fell aga9 into ec/asy4 ,! passion ( our ,"l seem$ to be ! special object ( h] contemplation1 & on ,fridays especially %e suff]$ agony 9 h] my/ical life4 ,9 ! =5oon h] suff]+s began to be noticeable4 #cg ,z ! great drama ( ! crucifixion proce$$1 its traces 7 visible 9 h]2 h] pa9s increas+ until ! h\r ( ! dea? on ! cross1 :5 h] :ole p]son became z if x 7 lifeless4 ,grres pa9ts1 9 8 usual graphic /yle1 all ^! ph5om5a1 ev5 to ! mo/ m9ute details4 7,p4 #eje-ejh47 ,= ! sake ( brevity1 we %all quote only ,br5tano's words4 ,z he 0 an eye-witness ( :at he n>rates1 he is p]fectly reliable3 ,i h nev] se5 any?+ m awful & a/\nd+2 all ! pati5ce1 angui%1 ab&onm5t1 & love ( ,jesus dy+ 0 repres5t$ 9 h] ) inexpressible tru? & dignity4 ,%e is se5 dy+ by degrees2 d>k spots cov] h] face1 h] nose becomes p9*$1 h] eyes break1 cold sweat runs d[n h] p]son1 dea? /ruggles 9 h] trembl+ bosom2 h] head is rais$1 :ile h] m\? op5s 9 pa92 h] neck & *9 =m almo/ a /raight l9e1 h] tongue becomes p>*$1 & is drawn up z if )]$2 h] brea?+ is l[ & slightly gurgl+2 h] h&s fall p[]less to h] side1 & h] head s9ks on h] bosom4 ,a prie/1 to :om ,fa!r ,capi/ran1 :o 0 pres5t1 gave au?ority1 comm&$ h] to repose4 ,9 a mom5t %e lay fatigu$1 b calm on h] b$1 & aft] ab\t ?ree m9utes rose aga9 to h] knees1 & return$ ?anks = ! dea? ( ! ,"l4 ,^! ph5om5a 7 repeat$ e ,friday ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,h] suff]+s became m & m extraord9>y4 ,9 ! ye> #ahcf1 x 0 obs]v$ t1 on ! ,fridays aft] ! asc5sion ( ,*ri/1 :5 %e f9i%$ h] my/ical agony1 beg9n+ at ?ree ,p4,m41 %e fell into a new ec/asy :i* la/$ until half-pa/ f\r o'clock4 ,h] body lay ext5d$ on h] c\* z on a cross1 h] arms out/ret*$ z if p[]fully wr5*$2 h] head hung on "o side1 b5t some:at back (f h] pill[1 & unsupport$ by any?+4 ,?us %e rema9$ sometimes two h\rs z if dead1 & c\ld n be recall$ )\t viol5t & pa9ful convulsions4 ,b :5 %e came back to h] natural /ate1 %e 0 ev] ! same innoc5t & g5tle girl1 z if %e _h nev] be5 bless$ by ,god ) extraord9>y visitations4 ,s mu* _h ec/asy become a second nature to h]1 t %e 0 self-consci\s only at int]vals & by great ef=ts ( ! w4 ,dur+ ,grres's /ay at ,kalt]n1 ,m>ia 0 ask$ to /& godmo!r = a newly born *ild4 ,%e accept$ ! invitation ) great joy1 & took ! mo/ lively int]e/ 9 ! c]emony2 b dur+ x %e became ec/atic sev]al times1 & _h to be repeat$ly recall$ f h] trance4 ,yet ) all ?is1 %e did n neglect ! c>e ( h] family z f> z x lay 9 h] p[]1 & ) ! direction & c\nsel ( h] good confessor4 ,two o'clock 9 ! aft]noon 0 ! h\r appo9t$ by him = h] to att5d to h] h\sehold affairs4 ,at t h\r %e 0 comm&$ by him to leave h] trance1 & !n1 ) ! greate/ dilig5ce1 & ) ! c>e ( a "m1 %e direct$ bus9ess matt]s1 dictat$ lett]s1 & arrang$ all ! necess>y temporal conc]ns ) great prud5ce & good s5se4 ,9 ! ye> #ahda1 %e left h] fa!r's h\se1 & w5t1 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,novemb]1 to live 9 ! conv5t ( ! ,si/]s ( ! ,?ird ,ord] ( ,/4 ,francis1 :]e1 z "o ( its memb]s1 %e receiv$ a sep>ate dwell+ next ! *ur*4 ,"h %e enjoy$ great repose1 = access to h] became less easy1 z visitors 7 requir$ to procure p]mission f ! ecclesia/ical au?orities to see h]4 #ch ,/ill1 pilgrimages did n cease2 & ! good influ5ce ex]cis$ by h] increas$4 ,( ! deep religi\s impression produc$ by h] ec/asies1 ! ,bi%op ( ,t]ni1 ,monsignor ,v9c5t ,tizzani1 speaks au?oritatively 9 a pa/oral lett] publi%$ reg>d+ ,m>ia von ,mrl 9 ! ye> #ahdb4 ,he _h se5 h]1 "o ,friday1 9 h] ec/asy & agony1 & he c\ld n repress 8 te>s at behold+ ! text s lit]ally v]ifi$1 ,i live2 yet n ,i1 b ,*ri/ live? 9 me4 ,8 te/imony conc]n+ ! /igmata & ! circum/ances ( h] sup]natural /ate agrees 9 e p>ticul> ) t r5d]$ by ,grres & ,br5tano sev5 ye>s previ\sly4 ,l\is ,cl>us also1 at t "t a ,prote/ant1 aft]w>d a ,ca?olic1 9 8 /udies on my/icism1 felt compell$ to r5d] ?is witness conc]n+ h]4 ,! =ce ( tru? & reality1 says he1 writ+ ( 8 visit to ,kalt]n1 impress$ me s1 t ,i felt necessitat$1 l ! apo/le ,john1 to ann\nce :at ,i _h he>d1 my eyes _h se51 & my h&s t\*$4 ,_m o!rs1 among !m ,"l ,%rewsbury1 atte/ ! same fact1 e succe$+ witness confirm+ ! te/imony ( 8 pr$ecessor4 ,footnote #g ,footnote #g3 ,lett] f ! ,e>l ( ,%rewsbury to ,ambrose ,lisle ,phillips1 ,esq41 descriptive ( ! ,e/atica ( ,cald>o & ! ,addolorata ( ,capriana4 ,london #ahdb4 ,a :ole g5]ation has pass$ s9ce !n1 & no "o has be5 able to contradict _! /atem5ts1 or expla9 ! ph5om5a on any natural pr9ciples4 ,= ?irty ye>s e "o c\ld behold h] 9 ec/asy or agony1 & see ! w\nds pla9ly on h] h&s & feet1 :ile %e rema9$ ev] humble1 meek1 mode/ z a *ild1 & int5sely pi\s & holy4 ,h] hi/ory c\ld be writt5 9 two words3 ,%e suff]s1 & contemplates4 ,%e 0 a passion-fl[] cl++ to ! foot ( ! cross4 ,9 ec/asy %e sp5t h] life1 contemplat+ ! suff]+s ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 pray+ = all1 = ! *ur*1 & = h] native l&2 do+ good to c\ntless poor p1 alleviat+ _! sorr[s1 l ! div9e ,ma/] :o dwelt 9 ! recesses ( h] s\l4 ,?ree ye>s be=e h] dea? %e lo/ h] confessor1 ,fa!r ,capi/ran1 :o _h guid$ h] s\l = almo/ =ty ye>s4 ,he 0 a di/+ui%$ !ologian1 a good prie/1 & _h be5 judg$ wor?y to be *os5 prov9cial ( 8 ord]1 ! ,franciscans4 ,he di$ on ! #d? ( ,may1 #ahfe4 ,%e m\rn$ 8 dea? l a *ild1 & long$ m ?an ev] to be dissolv$ & be ) ,*ri/4 ,h] wi% 0 soon gratifi$4 ,%e became v weak 9 ! autumn ( #ahfg1 & ! num]\s visits %e 0 compell$ to receive1 z well z ! frequ5t reque/s made ( h]1 completely pro/rat$ h] physical p[]s4 ,! numb] ( pilgrims to h] ,swall[s' ,ne/1 z ,grres call$ h] abode ne> ! ,franciscan *ur*1 0 extraord9>y2 m51 wom51 prie/s1 & laity1 all came to h] %r9e4 ,! measure ( h] physical suff]+ 0 full2 b ! measure ( h] m5tal angui% 0 n yet complete4 ,on ! #h? ( ,septemb]1 #ahfg1 %e 0 visit$ by a sev]e spiritual tr\ble4 ,%e seem$ to be /ruggl+ ) "s p[] ( hell4 ,%e became sad1 & z if =sak5 by ,god1 to su* an ext5t t until ,septemb] #ag?1 & = weeks aft]1 consci\sness seems to h entirely left h]4 ,9 ?is spiritual conflict %e saw troops ( demons1 :i* surr\nd$1 attack$ h]1 & ?reat5$ to c>ry h] (f to judgm5t4 ,%e saw & he>d ! fi5ds blasphem+ all ?+s holy1 & try+ to be> ev5 ! mo/ righte\s away to ! abyss4 #ci ,%e he>d ! devils sc(f at h]1 & boa/ t !y _h ! pope 9 _! p[]2 t !y _h desecrat$ *ur*es & conv5ts1 & made wick$ness ?rive 9 ! l&4 ,^! temptations & obsessions la/$ f ! middle ( ,septemb] to ! middle ( ,octob]1 :5 peace aga9 return$ to h] s\l4 ,f ! #bc;d ( ,octob] %e 0 able to receive ! bless$ sacram5t regul>ly2 ! /ruggle 0 ov]2 %e _h conqu]$1 & 0 n[ at re/4 ,:5 %e 0 aft]w>d int]rogat$ reg>d+ ^! obsessions1 %e said t1 on ! night ( ! #g? ( ,septemb]1 z %e 0 pray+ = ! pope & ! emp]or1 ! attack began4 ,x 0 precisely at ?is "t t ! invasion ( ! pope's temporal possessions by ! ,g>ibaldians1 sanction$ by ! ,s>d9ian gov]nm5t1 took place4 ,! ,fr5* exp$ition 0 s5t to ! pope's relief t[>d ! middle ( ,octob]1 j :5 ,m>ia's s\l obta9$ re/ f demoniacal aggressions2 s t h] p]sonal affliction seems to h be5 a p>ticipation 9 ! suff]+s ( ! *ur*4 ,b ! light ( h] life 0 flick]+ 9 ! socket4 ,%e _h a pres5tim5t ( h] dea? be=e x took place1 & prophesi$ (t5 t %e w\ld nev] pass ! w9t] on e>?4 ,t[>d ,all ,sa9ts' day h] weakness became great]1 & ev]y?+ =etold h] dissolution4 ,%e c\ld no long] be> n\ri%m5t4 ,lemonade or wat]1 ) ! ess5ce ( qu9ces1 0 almo/ h] only n\ri%m5t = "s weeks be=e h] dea?4 ,:5 %e felt bett] on c]ta9 days1 %e ate fruit1 bread1 or porridge1 b nev] meat or meat s\p4 ,%e sometimes sp5t sev]al days )\t eat+ or dr9k+4 ,9 ! la/ week1 especially f ,w$nesday %e suff]$ great torture4 ,b %e 0 full ( resignation2 indiff]5t to life or dea?1 %e nev] rep9$ or murmur$4 ,%e 0 pati5t & full ( calm resignation & infantile love4 ,on ! fea/ ( ! ,epiphany1 five days be=e h] dea?1 %e %[$ h]self 9 h] usual way to ! pilgrims2 !re 0 a mission at ,kalt]n1 & ! mission>ies visit$ h] on t fe/ival1 to bid h] f>ewell4 ,%e receiv$ !m ) bl& hospitality1 & (f]$ !m grapes to eat4 ,%e knew no?+ positive ab\t ! precise mom5t ( h] dea?1 b only t %e %\ld die :5 ev]y?+ on h] became :ite4 ,! /igmata began gradually to disappe>1 leav+ only a blue spot1 :i* disappe>$ entirely aft] h] dep>ture4 ,%e receiv$ ! viaticum on ,janu>y #f?1 9 ! ev5+4 ,e "o ?\ght %e w\ld die imm$iately2 b %e made kn[n by ge/ures t %e %\ld n die yet4 ,%e rema9$ consci\s1 & 0 able to receive holy communion daily4 ,at la/ ! day ( h] demise1 ,janu>y #aa?1 came4 ,ab\t half-pa/ two on ,saturday morn+1 two h\rs aft] communion1 %e pass$ f ?is vale ( te>s to h] heav5ly home4 ,h] la/ agony 0 easy & calm4 ,%e lay quiet1 occasionally murmur+ ! "n ( ,jesus2 & "o ( ! by/&]s he>d h] say3 ,oh6 h[ beautiful2 oh6 h[ beautiful4 ,h] brea?+ grew weak]1 & %e fell g5tly asleep 9 dea?4 ,h] body 0 expos$ 9 ! *ur* = two days1 & ?\s&s visit$ x4 ,_m felt z if !y _h lo/ a memb] ( _! own family4 ,%e lay dress$ z a bride1 clo!d 9 :ite1 ) a :ite veil on h] br[1 & a cr[n ( fl[]s at h] feet4 ,h] face 0 beautiful to look ^u1 half-*ildlike 9 expression1 yet m+l$ ) ! dignity ( a matron2 h] head recl9$1 b5t t[>d ! left side2 h] br[ & eyes 7 full ( dignity2 h] m\? l t ( an infant smil+ 9 sleep2 h] h&s :ite z alaba/]1 & ruddy z roses4 #dj ,aft]w>d ! veil 0 tak5 away & %e appe>$ m angelic ?an ev]1 h] ri* fl[+ hair surr\nd+ h] noble head4 ,a look ( p]fect happ9ess beam$ f h] entire c\nt5ance4 ,h] burial 0 solemn4 ,surr\nd$ by m\rn+ & edifi$ multitudes1 h] body 0 borne by "y maid5s f ! catafalque to ! z9c c(f9 prep>$ = its reception4 ,h] rema9s 7 tak5 on ,janu>y #ac? to h] fa!r's family vault at ,kalt]n1 :]e !y n[ re/ 9 peace4 ,kalt]n lo/ its jewel 9 los+ ,m>ia2 b h] virtues w live = ev] 9 ! hall[$ spot :]e %e 0 born1 :]e %e liv$ & di$4 ,truly did ,grres write ( h] to ! ,pr9ce-,bi%op ( ,tr5t3 ,god put h] l a liv+ crucifix on ! cross-roads1 to prea* to a godless & dissipat$ p4 ,%e 0 "o ( ^? lamps light$ by ! h& ( ,god himself to %9e 9 ! d>kness1 :5 infidelity is abroad robb+ & dev\r+ 9 ! v9ey>d ( ,*ri/4 ,= ?is purpose %e 0 s5t by ,god1 & h5ce we may well expect t ! wond]ful sup]natural ph5om5a ( h] ec/atic life w n cease ) h] dea?4 ---------- ,a ,summ] ,%[]4 ,welcome1 ,o summ] ra92 ,to ?ir/y hill & pla91 ,to desolate b$s ( /reams ( all _! waves run dry4 ,we "k :o s5t !e =? ,f out ! w9dy nor?1 ,to trail ?y cool+ f\nta9s ?r\gh ! sultry sky4 ,! p>*d e>? dr9ks up ,! cry/al-fl[+ cup2 ,! du/y grasses wa% !m em]ald-gre5 aga93 ,! sweet1 dr5*$ roses sigh ,9 fragrant ec/asy2 ,! truant brooks foam d[n _! gli/5+ b$s ama94 #da ,! rob9s1 full ( glee1 ,answ] f tree to tree2 ',nea? dusky b\ghs ! glanc+ orioles1 agl[1 ,mimic ! vivid play ,( lightn+s f> away1 ,t s\?w>d toss _! fi]y %uttles to & fro3 ,:ile at ! fall & lift ,( lights & %ad[s swift1 ,titanic laught] rolls ?r\gh all ! b5d+ skies1 ,& e wat]-bead ,trembles1 b laughs1 inde$1 ,& e insect quickli] brea!s z l[ he lies4 ,o ,he>t6 ^: pity fl[s ,to *e] ! languid rose4 ,o ,h&6 out/ret*$ to wake ! brooklet's m]ry d91 ,behold me l a blot ,^u ?is happy spot1 ,:]e joys knock at my door1 b nev] ent] 96 ,behold ! arid ways ,?r\gh :i* my we>y days ,tread ) unfruitful /eps t w&] f> f !e2 ,! wa/$ he>t & bra91 ,all empty1 save = pa92 ,behold ! hidd5 ?orn :i* ?\ alone can/ see2 ,& :ile my fa9t+ sighs ,?r\gh nature's hymn arise1 ,o ,com=t] ( fl[]s6 leave n me to die6 ,b s5d ?y heav5ly ra9 ,unto my s\l aga91 ,ev5 to me1 z griev+ 9 ! du/ ,i lie6 ---------- #db ,:o %all take c>e ( our ,sick8 ,we h tak5 occasion1 9 rec5t numb]s ( ,! ,ca?olic ,_w1 to pres5t to our read]s sev]al ( ! works ( *>ity :i* appeal mo/ /rongly to ,*ri/ian sympa?y & ask = ,*ri/ian aid4 ,9 our articles on ,! ,sanit>y & ,moral ,condition ( ! ,city ( ,new ,york--z b "o1 h[ev]1 out ( ! _m cities ( our l& ) l evils & l ne$s--we direct$ att5tion to "s lam5table features ( ! situation ( ! poor 9 our mid/1 & especially ( ! _m ?\s&s ( poor & vagrant *ildr5 gr[+ up 9 neglect & consequ5t ignorance & vice4 ,! k9dr$ matt] ( ! condition & prop] treatm5t ( ! inmates ( our jails1 prisons1 & p5it5ti>ies 0 t\*$ ^u 9 our la/1 "u ! head ( ,prison ,discipl9e2 &1 aga91 t ( ! poor & un=tunate subjects ( m5tal ailm5ts 9 ! article on ,gheel1 a ,colony ( ! ,insane4 ,9 ! pres5t numb]1 we invite att5tion to ano!r bran* ( ! subject1 sugge/$ by ! inquiry at ! head ( ?is article1 ,:o %all take c>e ( our sick8 ,by ! sick1 we mean all :o by infirmity ( body or m9d are incapable ( tak+ c>e ( !mselves2 = ! range ( our inquiry embraces ! helplessness ( infancy1 ( decrepitude1 insanity1 & idiocy1 & ext5ds ev5 to prison]s & crim9als4 ,by our sick1 we mean ! sick poor1 ! duty ( provid+ = :om devolves on collective society4 ,b z :at is ev]ybody's bus9ess is nobody's bus9ess1 & z society1 h[ev] imp]fectly organiz$1 has _m di/9ct organs & recogniz$ functions correspond+2 x rema9s to be det]m9$ ?r\gh :at special m9i/ry ! suff]+ memb]s ( humanity %all be succor$ & ! err+ reclaim$4 ,if ! ri*1 & ^? ^: social comb9ations h be5 successful1 are succor$ 9 _! ne$ by _! families1 _! fri5ds1 _! s]vants2 :o con/itute ! families1 ! fri5ds1 ! s]vants1 ( ! poor & isolat$8 ,?is is a "q :i* pagan societies h evad$1 or insol5tly answ]$1 ,vae victis6 ,religion alone1 & only 9 s f> z ,*ri/'s _s has p5etrat$ mank9d1 has giv51 ?r\gh its ord]s ( *>ity1 a fair & c&id answ]--an answ] 9 de$s z well z words4 ,= _m c5turies 9 ,*ri/5dom1 ?is answ] appe>$ satisfactory 9 its _s & int5t4 ,n ev5 ! insane 7 left out ( ! ,*ri/ian fold--witness ! ,colony ( ,gheel--& x only rema9$ to ext5d1 & multiply1 & p]fect ! works ( *>ity1 9 proportion z sci5ce & art add$ to ! res\rces ( society4 ,b ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation came1 sweep+ away ! "w ( pi\s ages1 conf\nd+ uses ) abuses1 & upset ! :ole adm9i/ration ( *>ity by ! s]vants ( ,*ri/1 along ) public & religi\s hospitality3 9 *ang+ ! privileg$ ord]s1 x confid$ to secul> h&s ! dol+ out ( su* pittance to ! de/itute z ! fe> ( insurrection compell$1 & /ill compels1 f ! reluctant economy ( self int]e/4 #dc ,a revival ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ,prote/ant c\ntries n[ op5s ! public m9d to ! horrors & crimes aga9/ humanity p]petrat$1 9 ! "n ( *>ity1 9 _! "w-h\ses1 alms-h\ses1 hospitals1 & asylums2 x leads to ! recall & r5ewal ( religi\s ord]s devot$ to ! c>e ( ! sick & o!r classes ne$+ *>ity4 ,?is has n be5 m]ely a brilliant corruscation1 l ! rescue :i* ,flor5ce ,night+ale c>ri$ to ! ,briti% troops 9 ! ,crimea4 ,miss ,night+ale _h previ\sly be5 tra9$ = ye>s 9 ! religi\s ord] ( ! ,kais]w]?1 a normal s*ool ( nurses1 & ! movem5t1 inaugurat$ by h]1 cont9ues 9 ,engl& z ! ,in/itution ( ,/4 ,john4 ,a numb] ( religi\s works1 ( high m]it & ext5sive usefulness1 are describ$ among ! ,*>ities ( ,europe1 by ,de ,liefde4 ,footnote #h ,footnote #h3 ,publi%$ by ,/rahan3 ,new ,york & ,london4 ,9 ,new ,york1 we h ! ,hospital ( ,/4 ,luke1 m9i/]$ to by pi\s ,episcopal ladies1 :o1 l ! ,soeurs ,grises ( m$iaeval ,europe1 take no v[s1 & may m>ry1 yet = ! "t be+ p]=m ! same functions z our ,si/]s ( ,*>ity or ( ,m]cy4 ,:ile atte/+ a t5d5cy 9 ,*ri/5dom to recov] ! gr\nd lo/ by ! ,re=mation1 su* in/itutions z we h cit$ are /ill v trivial 9 numb]s & p[]2 & ?\gh small appropriations ( public funds h be5 made to !m1 nei!r !y nor ! pr9ciples :i* !y repres5t h be5 (ficially recogniz$ by /ates or cities4 ,!re is1 on ! contr>y1 a jeal\s opposition to admitt+1 ev5 to ! s]vice ( ! sick poor1 :o are mo/ly ,europeans & ,ca?olics1 z at ,bellevue1 ! ,si/]s ( ,*>ity2 & "o ( its mo/ em95t surgeons1 :o kn[s by exp]i5ce h[ preci\s is _! aid1 has decl>$ to u ) regret 8 conviction t ?is salut>y measure c\ld n pass4 ,to obviate ! prejudices t )hold ! adm9i/ration ( *>ity f its own vot>ies1 ^: noble emulation w\ld utilize ! diff]5ces ( sect or ord] = ! common good2 to %[ t ! ,/ate w f9d 9 ?is re/oration economy1 at ! same "t ) social or moral advantages1 :ile ,*ri/ w be m wor?ily s]v$2 to make x felt t ! burd5 ( human sorr[s w be light5$1 & ! r$emption ( our race f evil promot$1 by re-ally+ piety ) *>ity1 is ! purpose we h n[ 9 view4 ,suum cuique tribuito1 ,give to ea* 8 own4 ,two *ief ord]s ( p[] exi/ 9 society--int]e/ & s5tim5t4 ,! natural sph]e ( int]e/ is conf9$ to mat]ial prop]ty or goods ( ! s5ses2 t ( s5tim5t embraces ! relations ( p]sons1 t is1 ( be+s consid]$ z he>ts & s\ls2 s t s5tim5t culm9ates 9 devotion1 & ranges love & consangu9ity1 fri5d%ip & honor1 9 ! m9i/ries ( religion1 exp&+ ! selfhood ( ! individual by ! consci\sness ( 8 solid>ity ) ! race1 & ?r\gh ,*ri/ ) our ,fa!r 9 heav54 ,/ill1 practically1 ! functions ( ea* p[] are di/9ct4 ,x is admitt$1 9 reg>d to ! div]s organizations ( fire companies1 = in/ance1 t ! paym5t ( fix$ sal>ies is an effici5t or adequate motive = ! protection ( h\ses4 ,?is s]vice 0 once confid$ to public _s2 !re 0 no lack ( h]oic devotion 9 its ex]cise2 b sal>i$ firem5 7 f\nd to be m am5able to discipl9e1 & _! organizations to be m p]man5t & reliable4 #dd ,n[1 ! contr>y is true ( hospital s]vice & k9dr$ functions1 :i* employ 9 "s places ! religi\s ord]s ( *>ity1 9 o!rs hir$ assi/ants4 ,physicians1 pati5ts1 & inspectors1 all proclaim ! sup]iority ( ! =m]4 ,visit our great secul> e/abli%m5ts1 su* z ,bellevue or ! ,*>ity ,hospital1 :]e ! s]vice is ei!r hir$ or compulsory by convicts1 & !n ! hospitals ( religi\s ord]s1 ev5 ! poore/1 su* z t ( ! ,si/]s ( ! ,poor ( ,/4 ,francis1 :i* is support$ by begg+ f door to door1 n to m5tion ! m ri*ly end[$ hospitals ( ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul or ,/4 ,luke1 all free to e ne$y pati5t3 sc5t ! air ( ! w>ds1 %>e ! food ( ! refectory1 feel ! human magnetism ( ^! sph]es1 take "t & mood to appreciate all _! conditions1 & y w f9d _! diff]5ce am\nt to a contra/ 9 _m ess5tials ( hygi5e1 physical z well z moral1 al?\gh sci5ce is imp>tially repres5t$ at ! secul> z at ! religi\s e/abli%m5ts4 ,! =m] h be5 l>gely end[$ by private & public b5efaction2 en]gy1 ability1 & good w are n want+ among _! (fic]s2 yet !y inspire su* av]sion t ! dec5t poor w (t5 r p]i% ?an resort to !m4 ,! *>act]i/ic sup]iority ( religi\s *>ities is hi/orical1 & rem\nts to ! e>lie/ epo*s ( ,*ri/5dom2 al?\gh ! secul> int]e/ ( /ates 9 ! heal? & cont5tm5t ( _! peoples has be5 ! same 9 all times & all c\ntries4 ,if _! conduct has be5 diff]5t1 ! reasons ( ?is diff]5ce may be f\nd 9 ! nature ( _! religions & ! f]vor or torpor ( _! piety4 ,conv]sely1 j 9 proportion z our mod]n /ates ali5ate _! public *>ities f ! influ5ce ( religion1 !y become p]v]t$ by ! same cruelty & he>tlessness t *>act]iz$ ! behavior ( ! pagan _w t[>d its un=tunate classes4 ,betwe5 ! philan?ropy ( ! ,engli% workh\se & t ( ,rome :i* s5t poor slaves to p]i% on ! dismal isl& 9 ! ,tib]1 ! %ort] c\rse seems pref]able to u1 because less degrad+ to ! s\l ( ! victim1 & because x has ! c\rage1 at lea/1 ( its crime4 ,! ,emp]or ,maximianus1 :o %ipp$ a c>go ( begg>s out to sea & dr[n$ !m1 0 /ill m complete 9 ?is economy ( suff]+4 ,disease & mis]y1 decrepitude & helpless infancy1 h ea* 9 turn become ! object ( su* elim9ation1 :i* ignores t5d]ness t[>d ! individual2 b ! process has nev] /opp$ :]e x might h be5 ju/ifi$1 9 a mann]1 by ! sub/itution ( heal?i] & /rong] or m p]fect1 = less p]fect individuals among ! repres5tative types ( ! species4 ,no2 ! same _s t sacrific$ ! feeble/1 revell$ 9 ! de/ruction ( ! /ronge/ m5 9 its gladiatorial ar5as4 ,ev5 9 ! re/rict$ s5se ( patriotism1 :i* _h contribut$ s _m devotions on ! alt> ( ! c\ntry1 9 ! h]oic days ( ,greece & ,rome1 solid>ity _h ceas$ to be matt] ( practical consci5ce 9 ! pagan _w ( ! great empire4 ,! ,hebrews _h develop$ x only z a tribal & family pr9ciple4 ,:]e has x ev] be5 a social life-tru?1 unless 9 ! fold ( ,*ri/'s disciples8 & :]e has ?is be5 practically organiz$1 except by its religi\s ord]s8 #de ,! inconsi/5cies ( w> except$1 we see life & p]sonal lib]ty becom+ m sacr$ f age to age1 ev5 amid ! corruptions ( advanc$ civilization 9 ,*ri/5dom2 :]eas1 on ! contr>y1 9 pagan civilizations ! spr+s ( humane feel+ 9 e anci5t nation1 l ! wat]s ( ! f\nta9 ( ! sun1 7 w>m at dawn ( morn+1 b *ill$ gradually z ! day advanc$1 till at noon !y became excessively cold4 ,:5 ! developm5t ( intellig5ce 9 civiliz$ communities r5d]s !m consci\s ( ne$s & ( res\rces outly+ ! circles ( family provid5ce2 "o ( _! fir/ ,*ri/ian movem5ts is to c>e = _! disabl$ memb]s1 /rick5 by disease or w\nds f ! army ( ! work+ poor4 ,9 our mon/] cities1 ! hospital acquires gigantic proportions1 & political economy meets humanity 9 ! rese>* = a sy/em :i* %all af=d ! greate/ mitigation ( inevitable suff]+ & ! be/ *ances ( re/or+ ! suff]]s to social uses4 ,9 ?is rese>*1 *>ity has anticipat$ exp]im5tal sci5ce1 & to ! religi\s ord]s belongs ! honor ( fulfill+ ! highe/ ideal ( ?is sacr$ function4 ,! organization ( hospitals conta9s = mod]n civilization & = cosmopolite ,new ,york problems ( ! highe/ practical import1 :i* especially int]e/ ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,:at has be5 hi!rto effect$ "u ! social pressure ( extreme necessity1 :e!r to av]t ! g5]ation & diffusion ( pe/il5ce1 or ! %ame ( all[+ millions ( ! poor to p]i% 9 _! squalid mis]y1 is /ill pa9fully inadequate to meet ! ne$s ( humanity at po9ts :]e ,europe disgorges h] mis]ies ^u ,am]ica4 ,new in/itutions are annually /ruggl+ into exi/5ce to supply ?is dem&4 ,among ! mo/ important by _! social & religi\s nature are ^? ( ! ,si/]s ( ! ,poor ( ,sa9t ,francis1 :i* may s]ve z a type ( :at we w\ld urge conc]n+ ! sup]iority ( piety & *>ity--^? daught]s ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*--ov] secul> calculations1 9 ?is "w4 ,few1 small1 & poor z are ! hospitals ( ?is ord] 9 ,am]ica1 !y %9e by ! _s :i* animates !m1 by ! nak$ purity ( _! ,*ri/ian fai?1 & its works1 t confront ! _w n[1 precisely z !y did eighte5 hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,footnote #i ,footnote #i3 ,?is ord] ( ! ,si/]s ( ! ,poor ( ,sa9t ,francis has be5 introduc$ already into sev]al ( our l>g] cities1 & ) mu* promise ( success4 ,h\ses ( _! ord] exi/ 9 ,c9c9nati1 9 ,brooklyn1 9 ,hobok51 & else:]e1 &1 m rec5tly1 h be5 e/abli%$ "h 9 ,new ,york4 ,if !y %all h ! wisdom--! *ur*'s wisdom ( old & ( all "t1 & ! _s :i* has always animat$ & *>act]iz$ h] work+s--to adapt !mselves to ! c\ntry1 to its ne$s & requirem5ts1 to its spee*1 & 7s f> z compatible ) piety7 to its habits & cu/oms1 !y w d\btless receive vocations1 w gr[ 9 numb]s1 w be able to accompli% mu* 9 alleviat+ ! suff]+s ( humanity1 & w d no small %>e ( ! great "w ( br++ ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* rightfully be=e ! ,am]ican p4 ,we subjo9 ! foll[+ des]v$ tribute to _! h\se "h 9 ,new ,york1 :i* we f9d 9 ! ,ev5+ ,po/1 ( ,augu/ #ac?43 ,sa9t ,francis ,hospital4 ,to ! ,editors ( ! ,ev5+ ,po/3 ,i v5ture to affirm t at lea/ n9e t5?s ( ! good p ( ?is great city are entirely ignorant ( ! exi/5ce ( ! ,hospital ( ,sa9t ,francis 9 our mid/4 ,inde$1 ) my long & g5]ally intimate k ( ! v>i\s b5evol5ces ( ! city1 ,i 0 n at all aw>e ( ?is in/itution1 until a k9d lady :o has be5 a w>m fri5d ( ! ,h\se ( ,indu/ry acqua9t$ me ) ! fact a few days s9ce1 & 9 h] company ,i _h ! pleasure ( visit+ ! hospital4 ,= sev]al reasons ,i beg y\r p]mission to say a few words ab\t x 9 ! ,ev5+ ,po/4 ,x is locat$ on ,fif? & ,six? /reets1 betwe5 ,av5ues ,b & ,c1 be+ ! two brick dwell+s ,nos4 #djg & #dji ,fif? /reet1 & ! "o imm$iately 9 ! re> ( ,no4 #agc ,six? /reet4 ,x is "u ! c>e ( ! ',si/]s ( ! ,poor ( ,sa9t ,francis1' & is a free hospital = bo? sexes1 )\t di/9ction z to cre$1 & its inmates comprise ,ca?olics1 ,prote/ants1 & ,jews4 ,! means = pur*as+ ?is prop]ty 7 obta9$ by ! solicitations ( ! si/]s f door to door4 ,i ?9k ! ord] ( ,sa9t ,francis orig9at$ 9 ,g]many1 :]e x /ill has its headqu>t]s4 ,mo/ ( ! si/]s "h are ,g]man1 ?\gh !re are c]ta9ly "o or two exceptions4 ,! accommodations are altoge!r inadequate1 & n at all well adapt$ to ! purposes4 ,! pati5ts are *e]ful & happy1 & !re is e evid5ce t all ! ef=ts ( ^! si/]s arise f ! mo/ pure & unselfi% motives1 & t !re is n ! lea/ con/ra9t 9 reg>d to religi\s matt]s re/+ ^u ! inmates4 ,!re is a v small *apel 9 ! e/abli%m5t1 ! att5dance ^u :i* is :olly volunt>y4 ,! commone/ s]vices are p]=m$ by ! si/]s1 &1 ,puritan ,prote/ant z ,i 0 educat$1 ,i c\ld b admire ! devotion & k9dness ( ^! wom54 ,i believe _! *>ity is a true & unselfi% "o2 t !y are animat$ by 8 ,_s :o w5t ab\t do+ good1 & !y %\ld be well support$ 9 _! "w4 ,! pati5ts are ( all ages & nationalities1 p]haps a m ?an usual av]age ( ,g]mans4 ,i 0 p>ticul>ly int]e/$ 9 two ( ! w>ds1 "o = ! 'gr&fa!rs' & ! o!r = ! 'gr&mo!rs1' bo? ( !m fill$ ) q ag$ p4 ,_m ( ! pati5ts seem$ to be incurables1 & h a p]man5t home 9 ! ,sa9t ,francis4 ,! good si/]s h secur$ a l>ge plot ( gr\nd on :i* !y purpose erect+ a build+ ( mu* great] capacity ?an ^? !y n[ occupy1 & ?or\ghly adapt$ to ! objects ( ! in/itution4 ,= ?is object !y w ne$ l>ge contributions1 :i* ,i e>ne/ly hope w be promptly furni%$4 ,! foll[+ is a g5]al summ>y ( ! pa/ ye>3 ,numb] ( pati5ts treat$ 9 ,hospital1 7males1 #dhd2 females1 #ajh74444444444444eic ,dis*>g$1 cur$ or improv$444444444444#dbc ,di$444444444444444444444444444444444444 44#hh ,rema9+ ,decemb] #ca1 #ahfg444444444444444ha ,i h writt5 out ?is simple /atem5t1 because x is always pleasant = me to comm5d all "r ag5cies work+ = ! com=t ( ! sick poor1 & because1 comp>atively isolat$ z ^! wom5 are1 !y h special claim to sympa?y & assi/ance2 & also1 because !y are ,ca?olics1 ,i am glad ( an opportunity to %[ t ,prote/ants c appreciate :at is good1 no matt] :o orig9ates x4 ,s4 ,b4 ,halliday4 #df ,arrogant1 impos+1 & spl5did 9 ,broadway1 ! lu/s ( p[] & gre$ :i* ! poor _w n[ s]ves %[ ! rev]se ( ! picture 9 ! indig5t sw>ms :i* vegetate a little way ea/ f ,fir/ av5ue4 ,pass+ f ! hot-b$s ( luxury & _! exhau/ive reactions ( improvid5t mis]y1 ent] ! ,hospital ( ! ,si/]s ( ! ,poor ( ,sa9t ,francis1 on ,fif? /reet1 ne> ,av5ue ,b4 ,its extreme neatness 9 ! mid/ ( squalor1 its sweetness amid corruptions1 atmosph]ic & social1 its sev]e simplicity ( self-r5unciation1 %am+ ! complex artifices ( our cupidity1 its devotion s consi/5t1 s p]si/5t1 z ! /ream ( *>ity asc5ds t[>d its f\nta9-level 9 ! heights ( fai?2 all smite ^u ! he>t ) ! manife/ pres5ce ( ,jesus4 ,its inmates atte/ ) a grateful en?usiasm ! k9dness !re lavi%$ ^u !m4 ,! voices ( pray] & praise consecrate ! :olesome food to bodily uses2 ! sweetness ( fell[%ip 9 ,*ri/ p]vades all its relations & dignifies ! humble/ (fices4 ,"h are no hir$ nurses2 life-devotion supplies all4 ,! iniquities ( civilization or ! discrepancies betwe5 ! s\l's ideal & ! _w's possible1 may defeat nature's fonde/ int5tions ( p]sonal de/9y 9 love & mat]nity = individual lives2 b z ! /one :i* ! build]s reject$1 ! same %all become ! head ( ! corn]1 s ! c>e] ( *>ity op5s to all :o live 9 ,*ri/ a high] sph]e ( esp\sals & ( mo!rhood1 pure f ! dross ( selfi%ness4 ,"o :o obs]ves ! practical work+ ( ?is in/itution mu/ soon be conv9c$ t x possesses nei!r "t nor incl9ation = o!r arts ( proselyt+1 ?an ! attractive emanations ( a gl[+1 e>ne/ life ( love & duty4 ,f\rte5 si/]s support & c>e = m ?an a hundr$ pati5ts1 & ev5 add to ! dome/ic & w>d s]vice t ( ! ph>macy4 ,! pati5ts receive daily visits f a physician & a cl]gyman4 ,we "k1 say ! si/]s1 t1 :5 ! body is sick1 ! s\l suff]s1 & t spiritual consolation (t5 does ! body m good ?an ! be/ m$ic9es4 ,books are provid$ = ^? able & will+ to read4 ,att5dance at ! *apel is optional4 ,!re are regul> s]vices on ,sunday4 ,! pati5ts are ( div]se cre$s1 z ( div]se nations4 ,?is hospital is (t5 pref]r$ by ,prote/ants1 & ev5 by ,jews2 = ^? :o suff] g :]e !y f9d he>ts to sympa?ize ) & h&s to help !m4 #dg ,!y see t ! poor si/]s h no?+ = _! labors b _! simple food & clo?+4 ,m is n all[$ by ! rules ( _! ord]1 t !y may ! m dis9t]e/$ly apply !mselves to ! c>e ( ! poor & suff]+ sick1 ! support ( :om & o!r exp5ses ( ! in/itution dep5d ^u ! daily collections & labors ( ! si/]s !mselves4 7,report = #ahfg47 ,?is noble ignorance ( all di/9ctions ( cre$ & sect is ! common attribute ( ! ,si/]s ( ,*>ity4 ,^? :o s]ve ! ,hospital ( ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul1 an old] & weal?i] *>ity ?an t ( ! ,si/]s ( ,/4 ,francis1 "o ( ! mo/ cr$itable1 inde$1 9 our c\ntry1 op5 its doors alike to suff]]s ( all d5om9ations4 ,9 reg>d to ! matt] ( practical economy & sav+ to ! /ate1 f plac+ its hospitals1 & o!r l in/itutions1 "u ! c>e ( ! religi\s ord]s1 we are p]mitt$ to give ! foll[+ extract f a lett] f a ,ca?olic lady ( ,c9c9nati3 ,! only public in/itution we z yet h :i* is support$ f ! public purse is ! prison1 manag$ by ! ,good ,%eph]ds4 ,9 8 annual report1 ! mayor always praises _! economy & excell5t managem5t1 b he has nev] _h ! magnanimity to publi% ! ?\s&s annually sav$1 9 comp>ison ) ! old rgime4 ,_! sal>ies are fix$ at #ajj a ye> = six si/]s--#fjj1 :i* is #ajj less ?an ! pay ( a s+le policeman4 ,! si/]s h ! entire managem5t ( ! prison4 ,! ,h>ris ,s*ool is 9 full op]ation4 ,! h\se c receive no m ?an ab\t fifty-five4 ,colonel ,h>ris1 ! f\nd]1 a ,prote/ant1 always expresses 8 surprise at ! little outlay4 ,our own exp]i5ce %[s an imm5se economy1 z well z sup]ior moral influ5ce 9 ! effects ( our *>ities1 s b5eficial 9 s(t5+ ! he>ts ( ! poor4 ,we may "h take occasion to rem>k t a religi\s ord] af=ds gu>antees ( hone/ adm9i/ration 9 a high] degree ?an any individual c d by 8 p]sonal responsibility4 ,! legal security1 or values pl$g$1 may be equal2 b 9 "o case !re is at /ake only a bus9ess responsibility1 9 :i* x is (t5 reg>d$ z sm>t to outwit a committee ( inspection2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 corporate honor is involv$1 & ! (fic] entru/$ ) funds is d\bly responsible to ! committee ( inspection1 & to ! ord] ( :i* he or %e is a memb]1 "u ! m ext5d$ affiliation ( ! *ur*4 ,moreov]1 ! discipl9e ( ! religi\s ord]s is v rigor\s on ! *apt] ( economies1 & !re are n by any means ! same opportunities or temptations = an (fic] to div]t funds f public to private uses4 ,! inspectors !mselves w (t5 be ,prote/ants4 ,x behoves u to exam9e ! use ( hospitals 9 ! g5]al sy/em ( humanit>y functions4 ,! hospital is a coroll>y ( ! city4 ,! city is a gl& or gl&ul> sy/em ( elaboration = ! social & intellectual secretions ( humanity--arts1 sci5ces1 & ref9em5ts4 ,b ! advantages ( ! city are obta9$ only by great sacrifices2 among :i* is ! sep>ation ( great numb]s ( p]sons f _! local & family atta*m5ts1 oblig+ !m to d]ive _! subsi/5ce f indu/ries m prec>i\s ?an ^? ( rural life4 ,m wisdom be+ requir$ to direct "o's c\rse 9 ! complex relations ( ! city1 m are bewild]$1 misl$1 ov]:elm$2 va/ & p[]ful curr5ts ( crime & ( wa/e are g5]at$1 & re/orative measures are ne$$ to c\nt]act !m4 #dh ,n[1 ! necessity ( cities & t ( hospitals be+ admitt$1 h[1 let u ask1 c ?is k9d ( help be r5d]$1 ?is sort ( duty p]=m$1 s z mo/ wor?ily to atte/ ! pr9ciple ( human solid>ity1 s z to b5efit mo/ ! recipi5ts ( *>ity1 to honor mo/ ! organs by :i* *>ity is r5d]$1 & s secure ! be/ k9d ( s]vice 9 ?is ardu\s function2 f9ally1 h[ be/ to economize ! res\rces ( collective society 9 ! adaptation ( means to ends8 ,fir/1 let u consid] ! exp$i5ces ( public *>ity1 especially 9 ref]5ce to ! p]sons or *>act]s ( its organs4 ,! be/ int]e/ ( society dem&s t !re %all be a place = e "o1 & e "o 9 8 place2 or1 9 o!r words1 t z specific vocations are inh]5t to ea* type ( "*1 s t use %\ld be allott$ to ea* = :i* nature supplies ! aptitudes1 & :i* x embraces ) ardor4 ,! attractiv5ess ( c]ta9 functions or ! av]sion occasion$ by !m1 has v little to d ) ! impression !y make on ! s5ses ( a p>ty indiff]5t4 ,! c>es requir$ by an infant1 = example1 :i* excite mat]nal zeal 9 all its pl5itude1 appe> simply t$i\s & disgu/+ to mo/ m54 ,s x is ) ! c>e ( ! sick1 9 :i* sci5ce & affection f9d p[]ful atta*m5ts ins5sible to o!rs1 :o1 good 9 o!r ways1 feel no vocation = x4 ,f9ally1 & beyond all special vocations1 !re is ! en?usiasm ( devotion1 ! religi\s in/9ct to :i* ,*ri/ianity appeals1 :i* x awak5s 9 _m s\ls1 & :i* x ju/ifies 9 af=d+ to x ! highe/ sph]es ( use4 ,! contemplative ideali/ may try to escape ! normal limitations ( 8 nature 9 vague aspiration2 b ,jesus has provid$ aga9/ ?is ,brahm9ic p]v]sion by ! culture ( *>ity1 9 id5tify+ ! love ( ,god ) ! love ( ! neighbor1 & himself ) ! lea/ ( mank9d4 ,z long z y did x to "o ( ^! my lea/ bre?r51 y did x to me4 7,/4 ,mat!w xxv4 #dj47 ,we d n suppose t ,*ri/ianity end[$ human nature ) philan?ropy z a new passion2 x gave ?is aspect1 ?is evolution1 ?is modality1 to :at _h be5 patriotism = ! h]oic /ates ( ,rome1 ( ,greece1 & o!r nations1 :i* _h always s\ght1 & sometimes f\nd1 a social *annel1 b :i* ,*ri/ianity m fully satisfi$ 9 ! !ory & practice ( unity4 ,!re h always be5 develop$1 9 proportion ) ! indu/rial progress ( civilization1 wants extraord9>y )\t be+ fanta/ic4 ,su* are ! c>es ( illness4 ,! wisdom ( ,*ri/ian *>ity has adapt$ to ^! extreme wants vocations equally extreme1 9 ! devotion ( religi\s ord]s2 & ?is duty has devolv$ especially ^u ! female sex1 because x is bett] gift$ ?an ! male = ! m9i/ry ( compassion4 ,x is feasible1 moreov]1 = religi\s ord]s to accept z well ! p5it5t z ! virg92 & %am+ ! _w's intol]ance1 to rescue f s9 & disgrace a l[] _w ( s\ls1 :om passion or imprud5ce _h o!rwise ru9$4 ,!re is no dep? ( crime1 inde$1 f :i* its subjects may n be rescu$ by *>itable labors2 & 9 proportion z _! organization is ext5d$ & p]fect$1 legal z well z simply moral (f5ces may f9d "h at once _! prev5tion & _! expiation4 ,! bro!l & ! p5it5ti>y1 ^? two in/itutions ( hell on e>?1 may ?us be c\nt]m9$1 & ! means ( r$emption af=d$ to _! victims4 #di ,! salut>y influ5ce :i* ! discipl9e ( *>itable works ex]ts ov] m5tal & moral ab]rations1 may ev5 reclaim n a few ( ! insane1 or ^? :o1 "u ord9>y circum/ances1 are drift+ fatally t[>d ! lunatic asylum4 ,t extraord9>y virtue :i* ! impulse & ex]cise ( active b5evol5ce has 9 develop+ ! s\l & awak5+ its lat5t p[]s f torpor1 may appe> f ! foll[+ incid5t lately obs]v$ at ,mr4 ,bo/'s1 9 ,la=ce1 ,dordogne3 ,"o day a poor girl1 deaf1 dumb1 bl9d1 p>alytic1 & epileptic1 0 br\ght to ,be!sda4 ,x requir$ "s c\rage1 says ! n>rator1 ,mr4 ,de ,liefde1 to fix "o's eyes on t mis]able creature1 ) h] dri$-up1 contract$ limbs1 h] repulsive face1 ! features ( :i* 7 con/antly contort$ 9 ! mo/ hide\s mann]4 ,well1 an idiot took *>ge ( t *ild1 gu>d$ & nurs$ x1 & /ood by its dea?-b$ to adm9i/] to x ! la/ solace ( love6 ,& su* 0 ! indefatigable c>e & ev5 intellig5t ?\ghtfulness ) :i* %e t5d$ h] poor helpless *>ge t ,mr4 ,bo/ said1 ',:5 ,i lie on my dea?-b$1 ,i %all c\nt x a bless+ to be nurs$ 9 ?is way4' ,i d n wond] at su* he>ts be+ able to und]/& :at is ! mean+ ( ! simple s5t5ce1 ',god love? y1' long be=e ! intellect is able to cat* ! diff]5ce betwe5 two & ?ree2 nor c ,i be surpris$ at :at ,mrs4 ,ca/el told me1 t ! same *ildr5 :o d n "k :e!r a %oe ought to be on ! foot or on ! head1 or :o1 if n prev5t$1 w\ld1 l bea/s1 walk on all f\rs & lick ! dirt1 may yet sometimes be he>d ejaculat+1 ',mon ,dieu6 pr5ds piti de moi4 ,j'en at bi5 beso94' ,long be=e !y c\ld cat* ! idea ( %ift+ a piece ( wood f ! "r h& to ! left1 !y gave evid5ce ( be+ pleas$ by an act ( k9dness1 & ( be+ grateful = a b5efit be/[$ on !m4 ,9 ! ye> #ahed1 a girl :o 0 a p]fect idiot /ood1 "o day1 9 ,mr4 ,bo/'s lobby4 ,! aspect ( ! hide\s-look+ little creature 0 s sick5+ t ,mr4 ,bo/ c\ld n p]mit h] to be tak5 into ! e/abli%m5t1 b /ill less c\ld he s5d h] away4 ,if ev] !re 0 a subject = compassionate1 sav+ love1 x 0 "h4 ,! p[] ( pray] & ! p]sev]ance ( *>ity c\ld n[ be put to ! te/4 ,mr4 ,bo/ resolv$ to keep ! girl 9 8 own h\se4 ,! doctors decl>$ x p]fect folly4 ,dur+ ?ree mon?s1 all 8 ef=ts to /rike a sp>k ( intellect out ( ?is fl9t prov$ a total failure4 ,b "o ev5+1 at wor%ip1 :ile ! hymn 0 be+ sung1 he he>d an articulate & h>moni\s tone proce$ f ! bruti%ly %ap$ m\?4 ,! *ild evid5tly tri$ to put its voice 9 accord ) ! s\nds :i* x 0 he>+4 ,mr4 ,bo/ is a musician1 & at once appli$ 8 tal5t to ! b5efit ( 8 unhappy pupil4 ,"u ! s(t5+ & *e]+ influ5ce ( h>mony1 x 0 affect+ to see h[1 fir/ ) pa9ful /ruggles1 & !n1 ) gr[+ ease1 ! m9d ( ! *ild em]g$ f ! d>k deep 9 :i* x _h be5 conf9$4 ,by little & little1 ! idiot succe$$ 9 utt]+ articulate s\nds1 !n 9 unit+ !m into syllables1 & f9ally into words4 ,at ! same "t1 h] heal? improv$ visibly1 h] n]v\s sy/em became less irritable1 h] face assum$ m & m a rational expression4 ,%e began to %[ joy & surprise :5 receiv+ some?+ t 0 agreeable to h]4 ,!n tok5s ( gratitude & ( affection foll[$4 #ej ,9 %ort1 aft] a lapse ( two ye>s1 ! idiot _h disappe>$ to make room = a *ild :i* appe>$ to be beh9d b a few ye>s only1 :5 comp>$ ) o!r *ildr5 ( h] own age4 ,at pres5t1 t same *ild1 =m]ly b5ea? ! level ( ! brute1 speaks well1 sews1 & knits1 & might be ! tea*] ( *ildr5 less sunk5 9 idiocy ?an h]self :5 %e fir/ set foot on ,mr4 ,bo/'s ?re%old4 ,su* 0 ! _s & su* ! conduct :i* det]m9$ m$iaeval ,europe to entru/ ! religi\s ord]s ) va/ l&$ possessions1 & ) ^! ! :ole c>e ( ! poor1 ( ! sick1 & ( ! wayf>]1 duties :i* !y dis*>g$ ) great] satisfaction to ! p ?an any secul> ari/ocracy ( privilege kn[n 9 ! records ( hi/ory4 ,= ! unc]ta9 dispositions ( ! ri*1 = _! occasional & (t5 caprici\s *>ity1 0 sub/itut$ ! c]ta91 ! /eady1 ! imp>tial h& ( a con/antly resid5t & unm>ri$ adm9i/rator ( bodily z well z spiritual com=t to ! poor1 ! un=tunate1 & ! /rang]4 ,n[1 /ill ! "q presses1 :e!r1 in/ead ( confid+ our sick to hir$ nurses1 we %all n invite ! will+ si/]hood to ext5d _! organization among u1 & su/a9 !m 9 ?is devotion4 ,x is well asc]ta9$ t none c make a ?\s& doll>s g s f> z !y c 9 ! s]vice ( _! sick4 ,x is notori\s 9 ,am]ica1 t public works und]tak5 by ! gov]nm5t are g5]ally ill done & v wa/efully4 ,h5ce1 common s5se excludes ! gov]nm5t f ent]prises ( int]nal improvem5t1 & confides !m ei!r to individuals or companies1 )\t hesitat+ ?us to create privileg$ ord]s & to favor a money$ ari/ocracy4 ,to h a great "w well done1 passions z well z int]e/s mu/ be engag$ 9 x2 p]sonal "*1 pride1 & ambition1 z well z skill & capital2 & :]e _m p]sons mu/ co-op]ate1 !re is no gu>antee ( h>mony 9 action & ( successful result s sure z t corporate zeal :i* religion employs ) s mu* p[]1 & :i* religion alone c br+ to be>4 ,?is is inde$ a holy fire1 enk9dl$ & kept alive ^u objects ( *>ity1 t purges away dross4 ,if ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has 9 all ages conduct$ h] ent]prises ) ! greate/ success1 x is because %e has kn[n h[ to enli/ ! greate/ numb] ( motives1 ! /ronge/ & ! be/4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x w be readily confess$ t ! great public hospitals "u secul> control d n ev5 br+ into play ! common lev]s ( int]e/ :i* secure results 9 ! managem5t ( railroads1 ( hotels or bank+-h\ses1 nor ^? ( ambition1 :i* animate ! army & navy4 ,*>ity1 z a secul> bus9ess1 is always poorly paid1 r5d]$ grudg+ly1 di/a/efully1 & s z to excite av]sion4 ,_m w r die ?an h rec\rse to x4 ,x always c>ries ) x a c]ta9 /igma ( inf]iority & contempt4 ,no p]sonal "* or corporate zeal is id5tifi$ ) x1 /ill less c !re exi/ t unison ( feel+ & ( ef=t :i* places ! seal ( ! div9e humanity on su* in/itutions z ^? ( ! si/]s4 ,we transcribe f "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable works ( mod]n travel1 ,! ,pill>s ( ,h]cules1 by ,david ,urquh>t1 8 impression ( ! la/ rema9+ hospitals ( ! religi\s ord] 9 ,spa94 ,let u note t ,mr4 ,urquh>t is an ,engli%man & a ,prote/ant3 #ea ,! ,hospicio ( ,cadiz is at once a poor-h\se & a h\se ( indu/ry1 a s*ool1 a f\ndl+ hospital1 a hospital1 & a mad-h\se2 t is1 x supplies ! places ( all ^! in/itutions4 ,x is impos+ 9 its =m1 embelli%$ 9 its int]ior1 & z unlike 9 all its attributes & effects z any?+ c be to ! edifices consecrat$ to ! rem$y+ ( human mis]y1 by our own *>ity & wisdom4 ,hospital ,de ,la ,sangre1 7,seville47 ,?is is a noble edifice1 compos$ ( sev]al gr& c\rts & ( two /ories2 ! l[] "o = summ]1 & ! upp] "o = w9t]4 ,i ?9k ,i may say t to ea* pati5t is allott$ at lea/ f\r times z mu* space z 9 any simil> ,european e/abli%m5t1 & ! v tr\ghs 9 :i* ! dirty l95 is wa%$ are m>ble3 ! pati5ts h two *anges ( clean l95 9 ! week4 ,! kit*5s are all respl5d5t ) pa9t$ tiles & cleanl9ess1 & !re seem$ abundance ( excell5t food4 ,9 ^! in/itutions1 9 ,spa91 ! inmates are completely at home4 ,s(t & bloom+ girls1 ) d[nca/ look & hurri$ /ep1 7 att5d+ ^u ! poor1 ! maim$1 & ! suff]+4 ,! lady-directress _h told ! s]vant :o accompani$ me to br+ me1 aft] my visit1 to h] ap>tm5t1 :i* 0 a hall 9 "o ( ! corn]s ( ! build+2 %e said %e _h he>d t ,engl& 0 celebrat$ = its *>ity1 & ask$ if our poor & sick 7 bett] (f ?an 9 ,spa94 ,i 0 oblig$ to confess t ! rev]se 0 ! case4 ,%e ask$ me if x 0 n true t we hir$ m]c5>ies to att5d on ! sick1 & ab/a9$ f p]=m+ t duty ourselves2 & if our *>ity 0 n impos$ z a tax8 ,%e told me t !re 7 eight hundr$ ( h] ord] 9 ,spa92 t x 0 ! only "o t _h n be5 de/roy$2 t none 7 admitt$ b ^? ( noble bir? or ( g5tle blood2 & t !y took all ! v[s except t ( seclusion1 & 9 lieu ( x took t ( s]vice to ! poor & sick4 ,! ,sa9t ,isabelle ( ,murillo 0 ! model ( _! ord]4 ,! ,hospital de la ,sangre 0 f\nd$ by a woman4 ,mrs4 ,jameson ,footnote #aj pays a j tribute to ! ,hospital ,l>iboissire1 9 ,p>is1 a model ( all t a civil hospital ought to be--clean1 airy1 light1 l(ty1 above all1 *e]ful4 ,i %\ld obs]ve1 %e says1 t g5]ally 9 ! hospitals s]v$ by ,si/]s ( ,*>ity1 !re is ev] an air ( *e]fulness1 caus$ by _! own sweetness ( temp] & volunt>y devotion to _! "w4 ,at ! "t t ,i visit$ ?is hospital1 x conta9$ six hundr$ & twelve pati5ts1 ?ree hundr$ m5 & ?ree hundr$ & twelve wom51 9 two ranges ( build+ divid$ by a v pretty g>d54 ,! :ole int]ior managem5t is entru/$ to tw5ty-five tra9$ si/]s ( ! same ord] z ^? :o s]ve ! ,htel ,dieu4 ,!re are1 besides1 ab\t =ty s]vants1 m5 & wom51 m5 to d ! r\gh "w1 & male nurses to assi/ 9 ! m5's w>ds "u ! sup]vision ( ! si/]s4 ,?is hospital 0 f\nd$ by a lady1 a ri* heiress1 a m>ri$ woman too4 ,%e _h ! assi/ance ( ! be/ ar*itects 9 ,france to plan h] build+1 :ile m$ical & sci5tific m5 _h aid$ h] ) _! c\nsels4 ,footnote #aj3 ,si/]s ( ,*>ity1 ,prote/ant & ,ca?olic4 ,9 ! ,g5]al ,report on ! ,condition ( ! ,prisons ( ,pi$mont1 to ! ,m9i/] ( ! ,int]ior1 we f9d ?is p>agraph3 #eb ,x is an indisputable fact t ! prisons :i* are s]v$ by ! si/]s are ! be/ ord]$1 ! mo/ cleanly1 & 9 all respects ! be/ regulat$ 9 ! c\ntry4 ,to :i* ! m9i/] ( ! int]ior adds3 ,n only h we exp]i5c$ ! advantage ( employ+ ! ,si/]s ( ,*>ity 9 ! prisons1 9 ! sup]vision ( ! details1 9 di/ribut+ food1 prep>+ m$ic9es1 & nurs+ ! sick 9 ! infirm>ies1 b we f9d ! influ5ce ( ^! ladies on ! m9ds ( ! prison]s :5 recov]+ f sickness has be5 productive ( ! greate/ b5efit1 z lead+ to p]man5t re=m 9 _m cases1 & a bett] frame ( m9d always2 = ?is reason1 among o!rs1 we h giv5 !m e enc\ragem5t4 ,among ! o!r reasons allud$ to1 ! great] economy ( ! managem5t is a pr9cipal "o4 ,x is admitt$1 ev5 by ^? :o are oppos$ to !m1 t1 9 ! adm9i/ration ( details1 ^! wom5 c always make a giv5 sum g fur!r ?an ! paid (ficials ( ! o!r sex4 ,_! opposition to ! sale ( w9e & br&y to ! prison]s1 except :5 prescrib$ by ! physicians1 is also wor?y ( note4 ,"o ( ! directors ( ! great milit>y hospital at ,tur9 told ,mrs4 ,jameson t he reg>d$ x z "o ( ! be/ de$s ( 8 life1 t he _h recomm5d$ & c>ri$ ?r\gh ! employm5t ( ! ,si/]s ( ,*>ity 9 ?is in/itution4 ,be=e ! introduction ( ^! ladies1 ! sick soldi]s _h be5 nurs$ by ord]lies s5t f ! neighbor+ b>racks1 m5 *os5 because !y 7 unfit = o!r "w4 ,! mo/ rigid discipl9e 0 necess>y to keep !m 9 ord]1 & ! dirt1 neglect1 & g5]al immorality 7 frightful4 ,any *ange 01 h[ev]1 resi/$ by ! milit>y & m$ical au?orities till ! invasion ( ! *ol]a2 !n ! ord]lies became1 mo/ ( !m1 useless1 di/ract$1 & almo/ p>alyz$ ) t]ror4 ,"s devot$ ,si/]s ( ,*>ity 7 introduc$ 9 a mom5t ( p]plexity & panic2 !n all w5t well--propriety1 cleanl9ess1 & com=t prevail$4 ,no day passes1 said ?is director1 t ,i d n bless ,god = ! *ange :i* ,i 0 ! humble in/rum5t ( accompli%+ 9 ?is place4 ,v simil> 0 ! in=mation receiv$ relative to ! naval hospital at ,g5oa4 ,ano!r excell5t hospital1 t ( ,/4 ,john1 at ,tur91 conta9$ f\r hundr$ pati5ts1 male & female1 besides its w>d = sick *ildr51 & two = ! b$ridd5 & helpless poor1 ! :ole be+ "u ! managem5t ( tw5ty-two religi\s wom5 ) =ty-five assi/ants1 & a l>ge numb] ( physicians & /ud5ts4 ,all 0 clean1 neat1 & *e]ful4 ,i 0 p>ticul>ly /ruck by ! neatness ) :i* ! food 0 s]v$2 m5 br\ght x up 9 l>ge trays1 b ! ladies !mselves di/ribut$ x4 ,!re 0 a little dog ) its =epaws re/+ on "o ( ! b$s & its eyes /eadfa/ly fix$ on ! sick man1 ) a pa!tic1 wi/ful expression1 :ile a girl knelt beside him1 to :om "o ( ! si/]s 0 speak+ words ( com=t4 ,9 ?is & o!r hospitals is an excell5t arrangem5t = ! night-wat*4 ,x 0 a l>ge s5try-box ( octagon %ape1 look+ ea* way1 ! upp] "p all ( glass1 b furni%$ ) curta9s1 & on a table 7 writ+ mat]ials1 m$ic9es1 & re/oratives1 l95 napk9s1 etc4 ,two si/]s wat*$ "h all night2 "h ! acc\nts 7 kept1 & privacy secur$1 :5 necess>y1 = ! ladies on duty4 ,! ,m>*ese ,a----1 "o ( ! gov]nors ( ! ,hospice de la ,mat]nit1 describ$ to u 9 t]ms ( horror ! /ate 9 :i* he _h f\nd ! e/abli%m5t :5 "u ! managem5t ( a bo>d ( gov]nors1 :o employ$ hir$ matrons & nurses4 #ec ,at la/1 9 despair1 he s5t = "s tra9$ si/]s1 t5 ( :om1 ) a sup]ior1 n[ direct$ ! :ole 9 t _s ( ord]1 *e]fulness1 & unremitt+ att5tion :i* belongs to !m4 ,we _c1 he said1 give !m unlimit$ means1 = ^! good ladies ?9k t all %\ld g to ! poor2 b if we all[ !m a fix$ sum1 we f9d !y c d m ) x ?an we c\ld h believ$ possible1 & !y nev] g beyond x2 !y are admirable acc\ntants & economi/s4 ,9 ! great civil hospital at ,vi5na1 l>g] ev5 ?an ! ,hotel ,dieu ( ,p>is1 ! ,si/]s ( ,*>ity 7 be+ introduc$ "s twelve ye>s ago :5 ,mrs4 ,j4 visit$ x4 ,! disord]ly habits & ! want ( intellig5ce 9 ! paid female nurses _h induc$ ! manag]s to invite ! co-op]ation ( ! religi\s si/]s1 ?\gh x 0 at fir/ aga9/ _! w4 ,9 ! ,hospital ( ,sa9t ,john1 at ,salzburg1 ! same *ange _h be5 f\nd necess>y4 ,at ,vi5na1 ,i saw a small hospital belong+ to ! ,si/]s ( ,*>ity !re4 ,two ( ! si/]s _h settl$ 9 a small old h\se4 ,sev]al ( ! adjo9+ build+s 7 add$ "o aft] ! o!r1 connect$ by wood5 corridors4 ,9 ! infirm>y ,i f\nd tw5ty-six m5 & tw5ty-six wom51 besides n9e b$s = *ol]a4 ,!re 7 fifty si/]s1 ( :om "o half 7 employ$ 9 ! h\se1 & ! o!r half 7 go+ _! r\nds among ! poor1 or nurs+ ! sick at private h\ses4 ,!re 0 a nurs]y = infants ^: mo!rs 7 at "w2 a day-s*ool = "o hundr$ & fifty girls1 9 :i* only knitt+ & sew+ 7 taught1 all clean1 ord]ly1 &1 above all1 *e]ful4 ,!re 0 a disp5s>y1 :]e two ( ! si/]s 7 employ$ 9 mak+ up prescriptions1 homoeopa?ic & allopa?ic4 ,!re 0 a l>ge1 airy kit*51 :]e ?ree ( ! si/]s1 ) two assi/ants1 7 cook+4 ,!re 7 two prie/s & two physicians4 ,s t1 9 fact1 "u ?is ro(1 we _h ! elem5ts1 on a small scale1 ( an ,engli% workh\se2 b v diff]5t 0 ! _s :i* animat$ x4 ,i saw at ,vi5na ano!r excell5t hospital = wom5 alone1 ( :i* ! :ole adm9i/ration & support re/$ ) ! ladies ( ! ,ord] ,/4 ,elizabe?4 ,^! are cloi/]$4 ,all sick wom5 :o apply = admission are tak5 91 )\t any que/ions ask$1 s long z !re is room = !m4 ,i f\nd !re n9ety-two pati5ts1 ab\t tw5ty ( :om 7 ill ( *ol]a4 ,9 ea* w>d 7 sixte5 b$s1 ov] :i* two si/]s presid$4 ,! disp5s>y1 :i* 0 admirably arrang$1 0 entirely manag$ by two ( ! ladies4 ,! sup]ior told me t !y h always ?ree or m si/]s prep>+ = _! pr(ession "u ! be/ apo!c>ies1 & !re 0 a l>ge g>d5 pr9cipally ( m$ic9al & kit*5 h]bs4 ,no?+ c\ld exce$ ! purity ( ! air1 & ! cleanl9ess1 ord]1 & quiet ev]y:]e app>5t4 ,let u rem>k c]ta9 features 9 ^! la/ two examples3 #a4 ,! possibility ( recreation by a timely *ange ( labors1 z f ! hospital to ! s*ool1 or to ! g>d51 etc4 #b4 ,! economy1 & gu>antee ( g5u95ess1 af=d$ by ! culture & ph>maceutic prep>ation ( m$ic9al h]bs4 #c4 ,! unison ( action1 by fulfilm5t ( sanit>y functions by memb]s ( _! own body4 #ed ,x 0 admitt$ on all sides 9 ,engl&1 :5 inve/igations 7 held on ! (fice ( hospital nurs+1 t ! g5]al managem5t ( our hospitals & *>itable in/itutions exhibit$ ! want ( female aid su* z exi/s 9 ! hospitals abroad-- ! want ( a moral1 religi\s1 intellig5t1 sympa?iz+ influ5ce comb9$ ) ! physical c>es ( a common nurse4 ,"s inquiry 0 made into ! g5]al "* ( hospital nurses1 & ! qualifications desir$1 & :at 7 ^! qualifications8 ,ob$i5ce1 pres5ce ( m9d1 *e]fulness1 sobriety1 =be>ance1 pati5ce1 judgm5t1 k9dness ( he>t1 a light1 delicate h&1 a g5tle voice1 a quick eye2 ^! 7 ! qualities enum]at$ z n m]ely desirable1 b necess>y 9 a good & effici5t nurse--virtues n easily to be pur*as$ = #ad #aj,s4 p] ye>6 7or hir$ at #ad a mon? 9 ,new ,york ,footnote #aa7--qualifications1 inde$1 :i*1 9 _! union1 w\ld =m an admirable woman 9 any class ( life1 & fit h] = any sph]e ( duty1 f ! highe/ to ! l[e/4 ,9 g5]al1 h[ev]1 ! requirem5ts ( our m$ical m5 are mu* m limit$2 !y consid] !mselves =tunate if !y c ensure ob$i5ce & sobriety1 ev5 )\t education1 t5d]ness1 religi\s feel+1 or any high pr9ciple ( duty4 ,on ! :ole1 ! te/imony br\ght be=e u is sick5+4 ,drunk5ness1 pr(ligacy1 viol5ce ( temp]1 horribly co>se & brutal language--^! are common1 albeit ! rev]se ( ! picture is g5]ally true4 ,! toil is great1 ! duties disgu/+1 ! pecuni>y remun]ation small1 s t !re is no?+ to invite ! co-op]ation ( a bett] class ( nurses b ! highe/ motives :i* c influ5ce a true ,*ri/ian4 ,at "o mom5t ! selfi%ness & irritability ( ! suff]]s require a /rong control2 at ano!r "t _! dejection & weakness require ! utmo/ t5d]ness1 sympa?y1 & judgm5t4 ,to rebuke ! self-righte\s1 to b9d up ! brok5-he>t$1 to /r5g!n1 to com=t ! feeble1 to drop ! words ( peace into ! di/urb$ or s(t5$ m9d j at ! "r mom5t2 !re are few nurses :o c\ld be entru/$ ) su* a *>ge1 or be br\ght to reg>d x z a "p ( _! duty4 ,to ?is social function corresponds ! ,si/] ( ,*>ity1 z def9$ by ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul1 an ideal s (t5 fulfill$ 9 life & action4 ,footnote #aa3 ,?is is ! sal>y ( ord]lies at ,bellevue ,hospital1 :]e ! duties are (t5 s ardu\s t "o att5dant w\ld be q inadequate to ! c>e ( tw5ty b$s b = ! aid r5d]$ by pati5ts to ea* o!r4 ,! night-wat* passes b once 9 two h\rs4 ,c any "o d\bt t ! elem5t ( p[]1 disunit$ f t ( ,*ri/ian love1 mu/1 9 ! long run1 become a h>d1 cold1 cruel ma*9e1 & t ?is mu/ ( necessity be ! result :]e ! mascul9e en]gy acts indep5d5tly ( ! fem99e sympa?ies8 ,all to :om ,i h spok51 )\t "o exception1 be> witness to ! salut>y influ5ce ex]cis$ by ! lady nurses 9 ! ,crimea ov] ! m54 ,9 ! mo/ viol5t attacks ( fev] & delirium1 :5 ! ord]lies c\ld n hold !m d[n 9 _! b$s1 ! m]e pres5ce ( "o ( ^! ladies1 in/ead ( excit+1 _h ! effect ( in/antly calm+ ! spirits & subdu+ ! mo/ refractory4 ,x is all[$1 also1 t ^! ladies _h ! p[] to repress swe>+ & co>se language1 to prev5t ! smuggl+ ( br&y & raka into ! w>ds1 to op5 ! he>ts ( ! sull5 & desp]ate to contrition & responsive k9dness4 ',ev5 :5 9 an app>5tly dy+ /ate1' writes "o ( ^! illu/ri\s nurses1 '!y w\ld look up 9 our faces & smile4' #ee ,dr4 ,h4 ,r4 ,/or]1 ( ,bo/on1 has rec5tly put =? a little book entitl$ ,nurses & ,nurs+1 etc41 ab\nd+ 9 sugge/ions :i* may "s day be utiliz$ 9 a hospital m lib]ally end[$ & m elaborately organiz$ ?an any?+ :i* n[ exi/s1 & 9 :i* he m5tions1 ) ! highe/ reg>d1 ! ,hospital ( ! ,si/]s ( ,/4 ,francis1 9 ,bo/on1 #bh ,sansom /reet4 ,! doctor does well to d$icate 8 humane aspirations = a p]fect sy/em ( nurs+ to ! si/]hood4 ,f :at zeal less e>ne/1 less intellig5t1 less ref9$1 or less holy1 c we ev] expect to f9d music & fl[]s1 birds1 l&scape views1 ! v>i$ res\rces ( luxury 9 nature & society1 made tribut>y to ! s]vice ( ! sick8 ,a wor?y s]vant ( our ,ma/]1 ,mr4 ,bo/1 ( ,dordogne1 ! f\nd] & adm9i/rator ( sev]al important *>itable in/itutions1 hav+ among !m dep>tm5ts = ! hygi5ic treatm5t ( epilepsy1 scr(ula1 consumption1 & idiocy1 "o ( ^: cures we h cit$1 rem>ks3 ,! be/ physician1 "u ,god1 is ,nature4 ,i nev] visit ! hospitals 9 our great cities )\t a feel+ ( di/ress4 ,:at1 !n1 y ask1 is want$8 ,are ! pati5ts n c>$ =8 ,are !re no able m$ical m51 no rem$ies1 no ord]1 no cleanl9ess1 no :olesome & abundant n\ri%m5t8 ,no d\bt !re is pl5ty ( all t4 ,i h ) admiration accompani$ ! m$ical m5 on _! morn+ visits4 ,ev]y?+ art c\ld contrive = re/oration to heal? 0 appli$2 yet ! cure 0 sl[1 att5d$ ) horrible pa9s1 & ! case (t5 t]m9at$ 9 dea?4 ,i w tell y :at 0 want+--! c\ntry air1 ! fragrance ( ! fl[]s & ( ! e>?1 ! hues ( morn & eve1 ! sunbeams1 ! h>mony ( nature1 ! c>ol & w>bl+ ( birds1 s adapt$ to *e] he>ts brok5 by suff]+1 & to :i* no o!r recreation is (f]$ ?an ! sight ( r[s ( b$s ^u :i* suff]]s are sigh+ & groan+ f morn+ till ev5+ & f ev5+ until morn+4 ,x is amaz+1 writes ,mr4 ,liefde1 to witness ! cures :i* simply by ! application ( natural hygi5e1 h be5 effect$ at ! e/abli%m5ts ( ,la=ce3 ,consumption ( ! lungs1 9 an advanc$ /age1 has q disappe>$ 9 "s cases1 hy/]ia 9 o!rs2 amputations are prev5t$2 a girl s5t away f a hospital z incurable f hip disease is enabl$ to walk well4 ,! invalids are occupi$ 9 ! fields or ! g>d52 !y g into ! /able & see ! cattle2 !y are 9 sight ( ! works ( creation s adapt$ to raise _! ?\ghts to ,god1 :o is love1 ev5 :5 8 h& presses heavily ^u !m4 ,if "o wi% to witness ! heal+ p[] ( ! ,gospel ov] bo? body & s\l1 he c d no bett] ?an to sp5d a week at ,la=ce4 ,9 conclusion1 we w\ld urge x1 z a matt] ( high policy1 duty1 & "r1 ^u ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 to reclaim1 z fa/ & z f> z its means w all[1 its primitive position 9 reg>d to ! adm9i/ration ( *>ities 9 g5]al1 & ( hospitals 9 p>ticul>2 = we believe x to be ! only social organ adequate to ^! humane uses4 ,sci5ce _c rema9 neutral1 & ! tru/ees1 ! w>d5s1 ord]lies1 nurses1 ! cooks1 & all ! p]sons employ$ 9 ! hospital s]vice1 %\ld be bro!rs & si/]s ( "o & ! same ord]1 ! volunt>y subjects ( ! same rule1 all p]vad$ by ! same religi\s s5tim5t & corporate _s1 :ile fri5dly rivalries obta9 betwe5 ! diff]5t in/itutions4 ---------- #ef ,translat$ ,f ,le ,correspondant4 ,kaulba* ,& ,! ,era ,( ,! ,re=mation4 ,footnote #ab ,footnote #ab3 ,kaulba*'s picture ( ! ,era ( ! ,re=mation n[ be+ on exhibition 9 ?is c\ntry1 a republication ( ! above article f ! pages ( our ,fr5* contempor>y has seem$ to u n inopportune4--,,ed4 ,c4,w4 ,i call up matt]s /ill fre% 9 recollection1 9 proce$+ to speak "h ( a "w ( art :i* s ju/ly drew to itself ! public att5tion at ! ,univ]sal ,exposition ( #ahfg4 ,i ref] to ! gr& c>toon ( ,kaulba*1 :i*1 "u ! title ( ! ,era ( ! ,re=mation1 figur$ 9 ! ,bav>ian dep>tm5t4 ,! purely arti/ic critic has already fulfill$ 8 mission 9 reg>d to t rem>kable composition1 & x is n f ! arti/ic po9t ( view t ,i p]mit myself to reop5 its /udy4 ,i _h already1 ye>s ago1 admir$ t magnific5t fresco1 "o ( ! mo/ beautiful ornam5ts ( ! ,b]l9 ,museum2 & aft] hav+ a long :ile contemplat$ & m$itat$ ^u x1 x seem$ to me t "o c\ld n too highly praise ! vigor ( composition & ! m>vell\s skill ) :i* ! arti/ _h be5 able to gr\p1 )9 s n>r[ a space1 s _m diff]5t p]sonages1 & to r5d] liv+ to ! eyes ( ! spectator "o ( ! mo/ /ormy p]iods ( mod]n times4 ,b 9 ?is beautiful draw+ !re is some?+ else ?an a "w ( art3 !re is a !sis4 ,& t !sis is ?is3 ,t ! sixte5? c5tury belongs :olly to ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation2 t t ,re=mation is its c5tre1 its he>t1 its vital pr9ciple2 t ev]y?+ ( t p]iod--!ology1 lett]s1 sci5ce1 art1 ! discov]ies ( human g5ius1 political & milit>y p[]--all came ( ! ,re=mation4 ,h5ce ! "n giv5 to ! tableau--! ,era ( ! ,re=mation4 ,h5ce1 also1 ! selection1 ! treatm5t1 & ! gr\p+ ( all ! p]sonages 9 x4 ,& s9ce ,i _c avail myself ( ! help ( an engrav+ or photograph1 ,i am go+ to attempt a rapid sket*1 z a :ole & 9 its pr9cipal details1 ( ?is va/ composition4 ,9 ! c5tre1 & z ! culm9at+ po9t t[>d :i* ! :ole movem5t ( ! picture conv]ges1 is figur$ ,dr4 ,m>t9 ,lu!r4 ,! =m] ,augu/9ian monk holds himself erect1 ^u ! upp]mo/ /ep ( t temple )9 ^: walls a :ole c5tury is repres5t$ z 9 motion1 & he raises al(t above 8 head1 ) bo? h&s1 ! ,bible--! ,bible1 t _w at once bo? old & new1 :i*1 accord+ to ! ,prote/ant hypo!sis1 ! g5ius ( ,lu!r discov]$1 buri$ "u ! d>kness ( ignorance & ,roman sup]/ition1 z1 9 l mann]1 ?irty ye>s be=e him ! bold ,g5oese navigator1 ,*ri/oph] ,columbus--:om "o sees at ! left-h& side ( ! picture1 re/+ 8 h&1 firm & inspir$1 ^u ! map ( ! _w--_h f\nd1 9 ! ocean's mid/1 ! va/ cont95ts ( ! ,am]ican hemisph]e4 ,at ! left ( ,lu!r /& ! !ologians & pa/ors :o adh]$ to 8 dogmatic tea*+3 ,ju/us ,jonas1 &1 next to him1 ,bug5hag51 :o is di/ribut+ ! ,"l's ,supp] to ! two pr9ces1 ,john le ,sage & ,john ,fr$]ic1 ! two gr& patrons ( nasc5t ,lu!ranism4 #eg ,at ! "r ( ! ,saxon monk /&s ,zw+le1 hold+ also ! book ( ! ,scriptures1 & ,calv91 :o is giv+ ! bread & cup ( ! ,"l's ,supp] to a gr\p ( ,hugu5ots1 among :om we di/+ui% ,maurice ( ,saxony & ,coligny4 ,! arti/ does n tell u1 x is true--& ,i own t 8 p5cil c\ld h>dly h told u--:e!r ! ,bible :i* ,lu!r holds speaks ! same language z ! ,bible plac$ 9 ,zw+le's h&s2 nor h[1 )9 a /ep or two ( ! patri>* ( ! ,re=mation1 ,bug5hag5 gives a ,"l's ,supp] :]e9 is really conta9$1 ) ! bread & w9e1 ! body ( ,*ri/1 :ile1 alike ne> to him on ! o!r side1 ,calv9 is giv+ ano!r ,"l's ,supp] :i* is only a figure ( t same body1 & :]e9 ! fai?ful p>take ( ! communion ( ,jesus ,*ri/ by fai? only4 ,a little b5ea? ,lu!r1 9 ! attitude ( a submissive disciple & admir]1 & indicat+ by a ge/ure ! ,witt5b]g doctor1 z mu* z to say1 ,!re is ! ,ma/]6 /&s ! mild ,melan*?on1 conv]s+ ) two savants ( ! times--,eb]h>dt ( ,tann & ,ulri* ,sazius4 ,^! two m5 are press+ ea* o!r's h&s1 z if ! arti/ w\ld express !reby ! /range accommodations to :i*1 9 ! matt] ( ! ,augsburg confession1 ! /rict ,lu!rans1 on ! "o side1 & ^? :o _h a lean+ t[>d ! ,zw+lian & ,calv9i/ic ideas1 on ! o!r1 l5t !mselves4 ,footnote #ac ,footnote #ac3 ,x is well kn[n t ,melan*?on--:o p]sonally incl9$ t[>d ! ideas ( ,c>lo/adt & ! sacram5t>ians respect+ ! ,"l's ,supp]2 :o1 moreov]1 ^u ! "q ( ! outw>d hi]>*y ( ! *ur*1 w\ld h will+ly l5t himself to a compromise ) ! ,ca?olics2 :o1 und]nea? ! :ole1 did n d>e to contradict ,lu!r--?\ght to reconcile all ^! difficulties by putt+ =? two editions ( ! ,augsburg ,confession--! edition inv>iata1 or /rictly ,lu!ran1 & ! edition v>iata1 :]e9 concessions are made to ,calv9i/ic ideas4 ,beh9d ^! corypheuses ( ! ,re=mation ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! precursors ( ! gr& lib]aliz+ movem5t h n be5 =gott54 ,! ,re=mation1 z is kn[n1 holds ess5tially to hav+ a tradition--a rise & visible cont9uation1 rea*+ back to ! e>li] ages4 ,behold !m1 !n1 ^! prophets & =]unn]s ( ! ^w ( life3 ,"h1 ,pet] ,waldo1 ,arnold ( ,brescia1 ,wickliffe1 ,john ,huss2 !re1 ,abel>d1 ! bold metaphysician1 ! m]ciless dialectician1 ! same :om ,/4 ,b]n>d accuses ( sacrific+ fai? to reason1 & ( de/roy+1 by 8 explications1 ! ess5ce ( ! my/]ies2 ,footnote #ad next1 by 8 side1 ,savon>ola & ,taul]1 ! spiritual sons ( ! canoniz$ monk ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 7,/4 ,dom9ic17 to ^: memory classic ,prote/antism nev] fails to atta* ! f\nd+ ( ! ,inquisition1 ) all its att5dant tra9 ( horrors3 ,taul]1 ( :om !y desire to make "o ( ! precursors ( ! new exegesis ( ! ,scriptures2 & ,savon>ola1 ^: animat$ & fi]y ge/ure recalls at once ! popul> tribune1 ! ,flor5t9e republican *ief1 & ! head-/rong oppos] ( ! *ur*'s hi]>*ical au?ority4 ,footnote #ad3 ,/4 ,b]n>d1 lett]s #ahh? & #ahi?4 ,foll[+ ^u ^!1 come next 9 ord] all ^? o!r great g5iuses ( ! human race1 m num]\s & prolific ?an ev] 9 an age :i* ju/ly calls itself ! age ( r5ewal1 7de la ,r5aissance17 & :5 a ?\s& favor+ circum/ances _h imp>t$ mighty impulse to ! human m9d2 & !y all proce$ to arrange !mselves 9 a mo/ h>moni\s mann] ar\nd t r5ovation ( ,*ri/ianity & ! *ur*1 :i* is1 z x 71 79 ! picture17 ! he>t & ! vital pr9ciple ( all ! movem5ts ( ! era4 ,pr9ces1 w>riors1 /atesm51 savants1 arti/s1 s*ol>s1 juri/s1 poets1 critics1 inv5tors--all h _! place 9 ?is gr& composition4 #eh ,9 ! tra9 ( ! haughty ,elizabe? ( ,engl&1 b m>*+ at "s di/ance f t pitiless re=m]1 z if !y desir$ to leave place = ! gory %ade ( ! un=tunate ,m>y ,/u>t1 ,que5 ( ,scots1 appe> ,?omas ,cranm]1 ,m1 ,burleigh1 ,essex1 ,drake1 & o!r g5tlem5 :o repres5t ! ,engli% ,*ur*4 ,ano!r gr\p br+s toge!r ,alb]t ( ,br&5burg1 ,william ( ,orange1 ,b>nevelt1 &1 at ! end1 ,gu/avus ,adolphus1 evok$ a c5tury 9 advance1 x is true1 b nev]!less consecrat$ by 8 bold de$s ( arms & 8 premature dea? z a h]o--,i 0 ab\t to say z a sa9t--( ! ,prote/ant ,*ur* militant4 ,to w>riors & /atesm5 ! pa9t] has giv5 only a second>y place1 9 a "w *iefly design$ to glorify intellectual p[]2 &1 aft] ! apo/les ( ! ,re=mation1 ! honors ( ?is gr& piece ( canvas are met$ out to savants1 s*ol>s1 & arti/s4 ,bacon ( ,v]ulam1 ) 8 ,novum ,organum1 makes a "p ( t gr\p s vigor\sly design$1 :]e are se51 ) ,*ri/oph] ,columbus1 ,h>vey1 ,vesalius1 & ,p>acelsus4 ,high up 9 ! edifice1 & prop]ly plac$ !re z 9 a sort ( obs]vatory1 ,cop]nicus1 ,galileo1 ,ty*o ,brahe1 & ,kepl] are /udy+ ! c\rse ( ! />s1 & calculat+ ! laws ( _! revolutions4 ,s mu* = sci5ce4 ,m>silio ,fic9o1 ,giordano ,bruno1 ,campanella1 & ,nicolas de ,cus repres5t philosophy1 ) ,pico ,mir&ola1 au?or ( ! celebrat$ !sis1 ,de omni re scibili4 ,petr>*1 ) ! cr[n he receiv$ at ! capitol1 faces ,%akespe>e & ! immortal au?or ( ,don ,quixote1 ,mi*ael ,c]vantes4 ,! ag$ ,hans ,sa*s1 ! popul> poet ( ! ,re=mation1 is !re also1 q at ! bottom ( ! picture1 & b5d+ "u ! weight ( age4 ,he repres5ts t lit]ature ( ! p :i* h5ce=w>d w always hold place gr[+ly by ! side ( ! special lit]ature ( ! le>n$4 ,?is latt] is p]sonat$ 9 ,reu*l9 & ,erasmus2 & ! arti/ has judg$ mo/ wisely & prop]ly 9 plac+ ! latt] ( ^! close to ,ulri* ( ,hutt5 & to ,buc]1 t is to say1 9 company ) ! brutal enemy ( monks1 & ) "o ( ^? unfrock$ monks :om ! ,rott]dam critic1 ) su* cutt+ s>casm1 ralli$ ^u _! en?usiasm = a re=mation :i* s g5]ally1 l ! nev]-fail+ conclusion ( a com$y1 end$ 9 m>riage4 ,! pa9t] has tak5 c>e n to =get ! p]sonages ( ! era :o ought to be de>] to him ?an all ! o!rs toge!r3 ,alb]t ,dr]1 ,pet] ,vis*]1 ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ,raphael1 & la/1 ) ! inspir$ ge/ure ( a man :o feels himself ma/] ( ! future1 ! au?or ( t magnific5t discov]y :i* m5 w h5ce=? make use (1 alike ) _! reason & _! fre$om1 _! intellig5ce & _! spee*2 "h employ+ x to spread error1 to p]suade to falsehold1 to s[ diss5sions2 else:]e1 us+ x to s]ve = ! diffusion ( tru?1 ! advancem5t ( ju/ice1 ! amelioration--intellectual1 moral1 & religi\s--( ! human race3 ,i mean ,gut5b]g1 ! immortal inv5tor ( ! art ( pr9t+4 #ei ,he holds 9 8 h& t %eet1 /ill fre%1 :i* ) deep emotion he has se5 come =? f ! fir/ press1 & ) :i* he c spe$ r\nd ! _w1 cry+ out ) ,ar*im$es1 c>ri$ away by en?usiasm1 ,i h f\nd x6 ,i h f\nd x6 ,greek text3 ,eureka ,& he has f\nd1 9 fact1 ! mighty & =midable lev] ) :i* )\t difficulty he w lift ! _w ( mod]n ?\ght4 ,su*1 s f> z ,i h be5 able to describe x1 pass+ by "s p]sonages or "s details ( second>y int]e/1 is ?is fam\s picture1 :i*1 z a "w ( art1 ,i admire ) ! fulle/ measure ( sympa?y1 & h f\nd x truly wor?y ( ! high aw>d made to x4 ,b1 ,i repeat1 ! arti/ has n be5 9 x ! arti/ only4 ,he has also1 at ! same "t1 be5 ! controv]siali/ & ! hi/orian4 ,he has n only made a *ef-d'oeuvre ( pa9t+3 he has wi%$ also to write a page ( ! hi/ory ( ,europe4 ,t 0 8 "r unque/ionably1 & ,i am f> f disput+ x ) him4 ,i w ev5 add t1 if ,i 0 a ,prote/ant1 ,i %\ld be ju/ly pr\d ( ! mann]1 s intellig5t & bold1 ) :i* ! illu/ri\s au?or ( ! ,b]l9 frescoes has be5 able to glorify ! ,re=mation4 ,x is = ?is v reason1 also1 t ,i h pr(\ndly /udi$ ?is gr& picture4 ,9 fact1 if a "w ( art is at ! same "t a !sis ( hi/ory or ( !ology1 x is no long] am5able to arti/ic criticism only4 ,kaulba* has1 s to speak1 cr[n$ ! "w ( ! ,magdeburg c5turiators1 9 mak+1 z he has done1 all ! ev5ts ( ! sixte5? c5tury ! triumphal cortge ( ! ,re=mation4 ,hi/oric sci5ce has ! "r1 !n1 to int]v5e2 &1 )\t be+ a ,b>onius1 "o c try to answ] ?is !sis1 & to po9t out :at !re is 9 x ( ! purely sy/ematic & exclusive4 ,,ii4 ,i comm5ce by accord+ ?us mu* to x3 ,to compress a :ole c5tury )9 ! frame--n>r[ & always a little factiti\s--( a picture or ( a hi/orical repres5tation1 is no easy task4 ,s _m div]se facts to br+ toge!r1 to cond5se1 or at lea/ to po9t out2 s _m movem5ts & collisions ( ideas to depict2 s _m p]sonages to gr\p toge!r & arrange2 !n to ga!r ?is multitude into unity1 to br+ ord] out ( ?is seem+ confusion2 to "k precisely h[ to seize & place 9 prop] relief t :i* c be call$ ! culm9at+ po9t ( ! epo*1 & to make t po9t ! c5tre ar\nd & f :i* %all radiate all ! o!r ev5ts ( ! p]iod--?is is a "w :i* dem&s at once great p[] ( syn!sis1 a wide yet sure range ( vision1 an accurate s5tim5t ( j proportions1 &1 9 ! case ( a hi/orical pa9t+1 a complete dive/+ ( "o's self ( ! _s ( m]e sy/em1 & a mo/ scrupul\s imp>tiality4 ,n[1 :at /rikes "o1 fir/ ( all1 9 look+ at ,kaulba*'s gr& picture1 is ! exclusive idea :i* has presid$ ov] ! :ole1 z well z ov] all ! details1 ( its composition4 ,ev5 ! title giv5 by ! au?or to 8 "w is witness to ?is4 ,x is n s mu* ! sixte5? c5tury t ! arti/ has desir$ to pa9t z ! ,era ( ! ,re=mation2 & ! ,re=mation1 moreov]1 solely z reg>d$ f ! ,prote/ant po9t ( view4 ,accord+ly 9 ! picture ev]y?+ is treat$ ) ref]5ce to ,lu!r & ,calv92 & ! *oir ( great p]sonages :o figure 9 x s]ve only1 s to speak1 z ! ret9ue ( ! new gospel & its fir/ apo/les4 #fj ,b if ! unhappy rupture :i* sep>at$ f ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* a l>ge "p ( ,nor!rn ,europe is "o ( ! mo/ consid]able ev5ts ( ! c5tury1 x is n1 h[ev]1 s exclusively su* t x has ! "r to absorb into itself all ! o!r ev5ts ( ! p]iod2 & x is well kn[n h[ num]\s ^? ev5ts 7 9 an age :i* %\ld be reg>d$ z "o ( ! mo/ ev5tful epo*s 9 ,european hi/ory4 ,& x is n solely f ! po9t ( view ( religi\s & arti/ic hi/ory t x is j to make ?is objection2 x %\ld be made1 moreov]1 9 behalf ( political hi/ory4 ,9 fact1 :atev] influ5ce ,prote/antism may h ex]cis$ ^u ! relations ( ! civil /ates among & t[>d ea* o!r1 x is b slight up to ! sev5te5? c5tury1 ! beg9n+ ( ! ,?irty ,ye>s' ,w> & ! treaties ( ,we/phalia1 :i* caus$ new pr9ciples to prevail 9 ! public law ( ,europe4 ,he has be51 !re=e1 entirely bl9d to ! gr&e/ political conte/ ( ! sixte5? c5tury--t betwe5 ,france & ,au/ria2 a conte/ t holds too l>ge a place 9 ! hi/ory ( t c5tury n to be notic$ & made m5tion (1 at lea/ by introduc+ into ! sket* ! pr9ces 9 :om x 0 p]sonifi$--,*>les ,v4 & ,francis ,i4 ,francis ,i41 ! enlight5$ patron ( lett]s1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,college ( ,france1 ! fri5d ( ,b5v5uto ,cell9i & ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 ! secret support] ( ! ,lu!rans ( ! empire1 %\ld h _h1 by ^! by-passages ( 8 life1 "s "r n to be =gott5 by ! p5cil ( ! ,g]man pa9t]4 ,b if /ate policy caus$ him to l5d a help+ h& to ! ,prote/ants ( ,g]many--! adv]s>ies ( ,*>les ,v4--t same policy1 jo9$ ) religi\s motives1 caus$ him to sign ! edicts ( proscription aga9/ ! ,prote/ants ( 8 own k+dom2 & ! pr9ce :o1 9 despite ( 8 si/]'s sympa?ies = ,calv91 refus$ to drag ,france ^u ! precipice ( ! ,re=mation1 c\ld sc>cely f9d favor ) ! panegyri/s ( ,prote/antism4 ,z to ,*>les ,v41 ev5 _h he n jo9$ to 8 title ( ,emp]or ( ,g]many ! cr[n ( ,spa91 ) all 8 possessions 9 ! ,l[ ,c\ntries & 9 ! ,new ,_w1 "o w\ld h /ill f\nd x /range to see him exclud$ f ! cortge ( sov]eigns1 politicians1 & /atesm5 :o gave lu/re to ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,a sket* ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 !n1 is incomplete )\t ^! two pr9ces1 :o repres5t ! fi]ce /ruggle betwe5 ! two mo/ p[]ful ,ca?olic nations at an epo* 9 :i* ! religi\s revolutions ( ! ,european _w %\ld h made su* an omission1 s x w\ld seem1 impossible4 ,/range antagonism inde$ t betwe5 ^! two nations1 :o w\ld h be5 able by _! accord to arre/ ! political progress ( ,prote/antism1 & to h9d] ! !ology ( ,witt5b]g & ,g5eva f becom+ subsequ5tly a prepond]at+ influ5ce 9 ! direction ( ! affairs ( ,europe6 ,/range & re/less antagonism1 :i* occupies a l>ge "p ( ! political hi/ory ( ! sixte5? c5tury2 fills1 aga91 ! sev5te5? ) ,ri*elieu & ,l\is ,,xiv42 seem+ly is quiet$ = an in/ant :5 ,m>ie ,anto9ette %>es ! ?rone ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 & ,m>ie-,l\ise t ( ,napoleon ! ,fir/2 survives1 h[ev]1 ?ree c5turies ( w>s1 ( *anges & revolutions ( e sort1 to place anew ! two peoples 9 ho/ile array ^u ! fields ( ,mag5ta & ,solf]9o1 & only seems b\nd to disappe> :5 x has arriv$ at "o ( its extreme b logical consequ5ces1 namely1 ! exaltation ( ! p[] :i* mo/ fully repres5ts ^u ! ,european cont95t ! ,prote/ant en?usiasm & ! anci5t grudges aga9/ ,france4 #fa ,x is1 9 fact1 only s9ce ! battle ( ,sad[a t ?is antagonism betwe5 ^! two great ,ca?olic nations has seem$ to give place to mutual intellig5ce ( a common dang]1 & to t sympa!tic reg>d :i* a rec5t & di/+ui%$ visit has consecrat$1 s to speak1 9 ! face ( ,europe1 & comm5d$ to ! intellig5t applause ( ! p ( ,p>is4 ,! exclusive glorification ( ,prote/antism 9 ! ma/]-"w ( ,kaulba* has also be5 an occasion ( ano!r lam5table omission4 ,x is n en\gh--be x said )\t excessive & immod]ate p>tiality t[>d our own c\ntry--x is n en\gh to h made ,france repres5t$ only by ,calv9 & by ,coligny 9 ! impos+ cortge ( all ! glories ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,?is sy/ematic exclusion is expla9$ ev5 by itself4 ,9 su* a composition ! places ( honor 7 to be res]v$ to ! c\ntries :i* welcom$ ,prote/antism ) an en?usiasm s ard5t1 or submitt$ !mselves to its dictation ) s /range a docility4 ,"o kn[s1 on ! o!r h&1 :at insurm\ntable resi/ance ,france oppos$ to ! introduction & e/abli%m5t ( ,prote/antism4 ,x co/ h]1 x is true1 m ?an =ty ye>s ( cont9ual w>s4 ,& :at w>s ^? t]rible fratricidal & religi\s /rifes ( ! sixte5? c5tury 72 /irr$ up & kept alive on bo? sides by ! mo/ viol5t passions1 & :i*1 aft] ! unhappy & sangu9>y convulsions 9 :i* 7 consum$ ! reigns ( ,h5ry ,,ii41 ,francis ,,ii41 ,*>les ,,ix41 & ,h5ry ,,iii41 w\ld h end$ surely 9 ! break+ up ( ! anci5t national unity1 if ,provid5ce _h n1 at ! conclusion ( ^? frightful diss5sions1 caus$ to int]v5e a pr9ce pre-de/9$ to pacify ! m9ds1 quiet ! discords1 & close up & heal ! deep w\nds ( ! c\ntry6 ,h5ry ,,iv4 arrives at ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 z x 7 9 ord] to br+ ab\t union betwe5 ,prote/antism vanqui%$ & ,ca?olicity triumphant4 ,he gives to ! latt] ! pl$ge ( a public conv]sion2 to ! =m]1 ! b5efit ( a legal exi/5ce2 &1 especially 9 r5d]+ sacr$ ! respect due to m9orities1 he demon/rates1 bett] ?an by all argum5ts1 & p]haps = ! v reason t 8 conv]sion 0 less a "w ( devotion ?an ( policy1 h[ ! g5ius ( ! ,fr5* nation 0 oppos$ to ! doctr9es ( ! re=m]s4 ,:atev] may be said ( ! equivocal s9c]ity ( 8 ,ca?olicity & ( ! blemi%es ( 8 private life1 ,h5ry ,,iv41 :o belongs to ! sixte5? c5tury by 8 bir?1 by 8 elevation to ! ?rone & "s ( ! mo/ consid]able transactions ( 8 reign1 wor?ily repres5ts1 at ! close ( an epo* s di/urb$1 "s ( ! highe/ & mo/ rightful aspirations ( :at may be call$1 "r or wrong1 ! _s ( mod]n times4 ,great pr9ce assur$ly 0 he :o c\ld cause to triumph ov] passions env5om$ by ! civil & religi\s w>s ( half a c5tury t love ( common c\ntry1 9 :i*1 despite ( all t w\ld divide !m1 ! ,fr5* p ought to feel !mselves *ildr5 ( ! same "m & def5d]s ( ! same flag4 #fb ,! exclusion--almo/ entire--( ,france f a picture design$ to glorify ! sixte5? c5tury1 is n ! only1 nor ev5 ! grave/1 reproa* :i* hi/orical criticism has ! "r to address to its au?or4 ,x is1 /ill fur!r1 au?oriz$ to dem& ( him if x is /rictly j to cause ?is gr& composition1 arti/ic1 sci5tific1 & lit]>y1 to d honor solely to ,lu!r & ,calv9--a composition :i*1 f a c]ta9 & /rictly prop] po9t ( view1 w\ld h suffic$ to ! glory ( an epo*--& above all1 if x does n d a /range viol5ce to tru? to enroll "u ! bann] ( ,prote/antism su* m5 z ,petr>*1 ,%akespe>e1 ,*ri/oph] ,columbus1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 & ,raphael8 ,! "n ( ,%akespe>e1 inde$1 n long s9ce /irr$ up q a lively discussion ^u ?is v subject ,9 ! eyes ( a c]ta9 s*ool x seem$ to import absolutely t1 to ! honor ( lett]s1 ! immortal au?or ( ,hamlet & ( ,o!llo did n belong to ! ,*ur* ( ,rome--z if ,corneille & ,rac9e sp>kl$ ) any ! less brilliancy because !y 7 ,ca?olics1 or t ! dramatic art _h ne$ to be a%am$ ( ,polyeucte1 ,e/h]1 & ,a?alie4 ,! "q has be5 exam9$ ) all ! att5tion :i* x m]its1 & ! conclusion to :i* a consci5ti\s inquiry seems to br+ u is1 t1 if ,%akespe>e belong$ by 8 bir? to ! "t ( ! ,re=mation1 x is n1 nev]!less1 necess>y to ascribe1 ei!r to ! gospel ( ,lu!r & ,calv9 or to ! ,draconian ,prote/antism ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 ! ma/]ly productions ( 8 g5ius4 ,z to ,*ri/oph] ,columbus1 :o does n "k1 ,i w n say 8 ob$i5ce & filial devotion to ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 b ! pr(\nd piety ( 8 s\l & ! t5d]ness ( 8 religi\s s5tim5ts8 ,accord+ to ! *ronicl] :o has pres]v$ = u 9 ,lat9 ! admirable pray] made by t great man at t solemn h\r ( 8 life :51 triumphant at la/ ov] s _m di/ru/s & s _m wrongs1 ov] s _m delays & s _m ob/acles1 conqu]or1 s to speak1 ( ! elem5ts & ( m51 b always submissive to ,god1 he ca/ himself ^u 8 knees on ! l& ( ! ,new ,_w1 z if to take possession ( x 9 ! "n ( fai?4 ,o ,god6 he said1 et]nal & omnipot5t1 ?\ ha/ by ?y holy ,^w creat$ heav5 & e>? & sea4 ,bless$ & glorifi$ be ?y "n2 prais$ be ?y maje/y :i* has deign$ by ?y humble s]vant to cause t ?y holy "n %\ld be kn[n & proclaim$ 9 ?is o!r "p ( ! _w4 ,n[1 by :om1 ?9k y1 _h ! bold discov]] ! int5tion ( proclaim+ & mak+ kn[n ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! ,new ,_w8 ,0 x by ! ,me?odi/ & ,quak] mission>ies8 or by ^? apo/olic m5 :o1 docile to ! ^w ( ! ,roman pontiff1 & l him fi%]s ( m51 w5t =? to ann\nce ! ,gospel to e creature & to ca/ ! net ( ! ^w amid/ all nations8 ,x is m]e idle fancy1 !n1 to connect ) ,lu!r & ,calv9 t wond]ful movem5t1 made up ( !oretical sci5ce & ( boldness1 ( le>n$ calculations & ( en?usia/ic intuitions1 :i* set out to op5 to ! adv5tur\s g5ius ( ! race ( ,japhe? ! va/ field ( ent]prise pres5t$ by ! cont95ts ( ,am]ica & ! ,ar*ipelagoes ( ,oceanica4 ,*ronology1 moreov]1 suffices to give ! lie v explicitly to ?is iniquit\s claim4 ,*ri/oph] ,columbus discov]$ ,am]ica 9 #adib1 & di$ 9 #aejf3 ! same ye> 9 :i* ,m>t9 ,lu!r ent]$ z a novice ! ,augu/9ian conv5t ( ,erfurt1 & :5 no "o look$ to see him become "o day an adv]s>y ( ! ,papacy4 #fc ,! ,papacy6 ,f> r ) its remembrance %\ld be associat$ t gr& epo* ( mod]n ,europe1 t new crusadal ent]prise1 n to recov] ! tomb ( ,*ri/1 b to plant ! cross1 to propagate ! ,gospel1 & to accompli% ! prophecies respect+ ! univ]sality ( ! *ur*4 ,x 01 9 fact1 a pope1 & t pope an ,alex&] ,,vi4--! same t prov$ h[ mu* ! gr&eur ( t in/itution is indep5d5t ( ! wor? ( individuals--x 0 ,borgia1 s sev]ely judg$ by hi/ory1 :o promulgat$ ! fam\s bull ( #adic1 design$ to draw ! l9e ( dem>cation betwe5 ! discov]ies ( ! ,portuguese & ^? ( ! ,spani>ds4 ,f t bull1 & f ! names ( ! peoples :o bore away ! palm f all ! re/ ( ,europe 9 ! c>e] ( great discov]ies1 x foll[s t ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation _h no?+ to %[ or pret5d to 9 t spl5did episode ( ! hi/ory ( ! fifte5? & sixte5? c5turies4 ,all ^? intrepid navigators 7 ,ca?olics2 & ! only p[] :i* int]v5$ to regulate & pacify ! fev]i% movem5t t bore !m onw>d 0 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome--! ,papacy6 ,x may be said1 p]haps1 t ! ,spani>ds1 9 discov]+ ,am]ica1 put to %ame ! ,ca?olic religion by _! %>p cupidity & ! disgraceful sev]ity ( _! conduct t[>d ! natives4 ,we h n ! slighte/ int5tion ( trans=m+ ! soldi]s ( ,cortez & ( ,piz>ro into peaceful mission>ies4 ,if ! f]ocity ( ^? m5 disgrac$ ! ,gospel1 s mu* ! worse = !m4 ,b z to ! *ur*1 if x be insi/$ on t %e %all be mix$ up ) ! "q1 %e has no?+ to lose2 = x 0 %e h]self1 & %e alone1 :o int]v5$ to mod]ate ! cupidity ( ! conqu]ors1 & to def5d aga9/ x ! cause ( ! conqu]$4 ,to h] alone belongs ! "n1 ev] to be v5]at$1 ( ,b>?olomew ,las ,casas1 ! eloqu5t plead] 9 behalf ( ,ca?olicity & ( its b5efic5t action ^u society4 ,z to ! great ,italian arti/s ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 & p>ticul>ly z to ,mi*ael ,angelo & ,raphael1 x is /ill m arbitr>y1 if possible1 to h enroll$ !m 9 ! army ( ! innovators4 ,:at c\ld be m entirely ,ca?olic ?an ! inspirations & great works ( ^! m5 ( g5ius8 ,n to speak 9 detail ( ! inimitable ,madonnas ( ,raphael1 nor ( ! gigantic frescoes ( ,mi*ael ,angelo 9 ! ,si/9e *apel1 nor ! _m o!r m>vell\s works ) :i* !y h = ev] enri*$ ,italy & ,europe2 b ( ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]1 ^u :i* bo? _h ! glory ( work+1 is x n1 z x 71 ! v p]sonification1 at once ideal & pla/ic1 ( ! entire ,ca?olic ,*ur*8 ,x is ! gr& *ur* ( ! popes2 x is !re t repose1 by ! side ( ! illu/ri\s *iefs ,/4 ,pet] & ,/4 ,paul1 ! rema9s ( s _m sov]eign pontiffs4 ,x is "u its dome t is celebrat$1 on ! gr& solemnities ( ! ye> & by ! v h&s ( ! vic> ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! sacrifice ( ! ,mass4 ,x is f its balcony t is giv51 on ^? same solemnities1 t pontifical b5$iction1 prec$$ by t absolution & ^? indulg5ces1 aga9/ :i* = ?ree hundr$ ye>s ,prote/antism nev] loses an occasion ( ca/+ its ana!mas or its s>casms2 save p]haps :5 "o ( its *ildr51 assi/+ on ,ea/]-,day at t wond]ful solemnity1 & he>+ ! sonor\s & affect+ voice ( ,pius ,,ix41 at ! mom5t ( imp>t+ b5$iction to ! _w1 m+l+ itself ) ! roll ( drums1 ! dis*>ge ( cannon1 & ! *imes ( ! ?\s& bells ( ,rome1 falls ^u 8 knees 9 spite ( himself1 subdu$ by ,i "k n :at my/]i\s p[]1 & rises up aga9 ) ! confession t ! inspirations ( ,ca?olicism are f> diff]5tly fitt$ to *>m ! s\l & seize hold ^u ! he>t ?an ! *ill+ c]emonial ( a ,calv9i/ic ,"l's ,supp] "u ! ar*es ( ,/4 ,paul's 9 ,london4 #fd ,9 a ^w1 ev]y?+ ( t gr& basilica ( ! ,et]nal ,city1 f its corn]-/one to ! cross :i* surm\nts its dome1 all has be5 inspir$ by ,ca?olic ?\ght2 & x may be affirm$ ) assurance t all ! gr& arti/s :o work$ ^u x c\ld say z ,raphael repli$ to ,leo ,x43 ,i love s mu* ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]6 ,footnote #ae ,footnote #ae3 ,reply ( ,raphael to ! brief ( ,leo ,x41 nam+ him sup]9t5d5t ( ! "w ( ! *ur*4 ,see1 fur!r1 ! w ( ,raphael1 7cit$ 9 ,aud9's ,leo ,x4 t4 ii4 p4 #cdg47 ,moreov]1 indep5d5tly ( all individual names1 c x n be said 9 a g5]al mann] t x is go+ q c\nt] to hi/oric tru? to attempt to connect ! art-movem5t ( ! sixte5? c5tury ) ! influ5ce ( ,lu!r & ,calv98 ,x is well en\gh kn[n1 9 tru?1 :at 0 ! attitude ( ! ,re=mation1 especially ( ! ,calv9i/ic "p ( x1 t[>d ! beautiful & ! div9e 9 ! arts4 ,_m ( our old ca!drals 9 ,france /ill be>1 aft] ?ree hundr$ ye>s1 ! m>ks ( ! iconocla/ic fury ( ! ,hugu5ots4 ,! lit]al int]pretation--lit]al ev5 to b>b>\sness--( ! text 9 ,exodus1 ,?\ %alt n make to ?yself any grav5 images1 x translat$1 especially 9 its beg9n+s1 into a rel5tless proscription2 & ! /atues1 pictures1 & wond]ful great *ur*-w9d[s1 :]e ! middle ages _h exp5d$ s mu* ( fai? & (t5 s mu* ( g5ius1 disappe>$ "u ! bl[s ( a mo/ savage v&alism4 ,!y are ours1 !n1 altoge!r ours1 ^? div9e m51 z ! ,greeks w\ld h call$ !m1 :o h writt5 9 ! hi/ory ( art ! immortal pages /amp$ ) ! names ( ,p]ug9o1 ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 ,brunelles*i1 ,bramante1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 & ,raphael4 ,x is n ar\nd ,lu!r & ,calv9 t !y %\ld be gr\p$1 b ar\nd ^? ,roman pontiffs :o gave su* a vigor\s impulse to lit]ature & ! arts1 & :o caus$ all ^? beautiful poems ( pa9t+ or ( /one to s]ve = ! glorification ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,on t po9t1 moreov]1 public s5tim5t has pass$ judgm5t = all future "t4 ,! hi/ory ( ! arts does n "k ! era ( ,lu!r2 x kn[s & w always "k ! era ( ,leo ,x4 ,,iii4 ,if x _h be5 giv5 to "o ( ^? ma/]s ( art ( ! sixte5? c5tury to make a synoptical picture ( t gr& epo*1 he w\ld h s+ul>ly modifi$ ! p]spectives & enl>g$ ! horizons4 ,9 reg>d to t rebelli\s monk :o holds up ! ,bible z a /&>d ( revolt2 9 reg>d to ^? m5 :o surr\nd him1 & among :om are f\nd at ! same "t ! co-work]s & ! adv]s>ies ( 8 "w2 a ,melan*?on1 :o _h be5 8 disciple1 & a ,zw+le :o _h be5 8 rival--/range c\ncil1 :]e !re is no unanimity except to attack & d5y1 & :]e !re is division :5 ! matt] to be treat$ ( is t ( affirm+ & e/abli%+--9 ?is respect1 "o w\ld h se51 maje/ically gr\p$ ^u ! /eps ( a temple bas$1 sixte5 hundr$ ye>s previ\sly1 ^u immovable f\ndations1 ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 :o1 dur+ a t]m ( ne>ly tw5ty ye>s1 _h br\ght toge!r1 classifi$1 & fix$1 9 wond]ful con=mity ) ! :ole curr5t ( tradition1 ! div]s po9ts ( ! doctr9e & ! discipl9e ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4 #fe ,five popes ,footnote #af occupi$ ! ,see ( ,/4 ,pet] dur+ ! hold+ ( t memorable c\ncil4 ,"s among !m may1 p]haps1 be ju/ly blamewor?y = ?is or t fault1 9 _! adm9i/ration2 b to h be5 able to convoke & reunite t immortal assembly2 to h caus$ x to resume its labors :5 !y _h be5 int]rupt$2 to h conduct$ !m ?r\gh s _m ob/acles & difficulties1 com+ f m5 or ?+s1 to _! close2 to h1 at la/1 z 0 done by ,pius ,,iv41 p]petuat$1 s to say1 ! au?ority & re=matory action ( t oecum5ical assembly by ! in/itution ( t ,congregation ( ! c\ncil1 ^: mission1 = ?ree hundr$ ye>s pa/1 has be5 to expla9 & put into practical execution ! decrees pass$ at ,tr5t--?is is evid5tly "o ( ! mo/ important pages ( ! hi/ory ( ! ,re=mation )9 ! fold ( ,*ri/ianity1 & is1 p]haps1 "o :]e ! div9e p[] & ! sup]natural con/itution ( ! *ur* %9e =? mo/ visibly4 ,= nei!r ! popes :o presid$ ov] ! c\ncil nor ! bi%ops :o compos$ x 71 tak5 individually1 m5 ( g5ius2 & x is p]mitt$ to u to say t 9 great matt]s :]e ! p]sonal consid]ation ( man appe>s ! lea/1 !re ! wisdom & p[] ( ,god %9e =? all ! m /rik+ly4 ,footnote #af3 ,paul ,,iii41 ,julius ,,iii41 ,m>cellus ,,ii41 ,paul ,,iv41 & ,pius ,,iv4 ,& !n1 aga91 ar\nd ^? two c5tres :i* m+le !mselves 9 "o--! ,papacy & ! g5]al c\ncil--& :i* repres5t s =cibly1 9 ! face ( ! precoci\s divisions ( ,prote/antism1 ! gr& & liv+ unity ( ! *ur* ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :at a/oni%+ fecundity = good1 :at v>i$ res\rces1 :at fruitful g]m9ation ( m5 & de$s6 ,:at s\ls1 ^? great sa9ts ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 recruit$ f among all ranks ( society1 & to :om ,provid5ce seems to h confid$ ! mission ( reply+ by "s b5efic5t in/itution to all ! attacks & all ! negations ( ,prote/antism6 ,w\ld t1 !n1 be a picture want+ 9 gr&eur1 :]e a compet5t arti/--wi%+ to glorify 9 ! sixte5? c5tury n ! w>like ,re=mation :i* r5t asund] )\t remorse ! anci5t & maje/ic unity ( ,*ri/5dom1 b ! peaceful & fruitful re=m :i* multipli$1 accord+ to ! ne$s ( a mu* tr\bl$ & suff]+ age1 gr& inspirations & magnanim\s self-sacrifices--%\ld gr\p ar\nd ! liv+ c5tre ( ! *ur* ,ignatius ,loyola & 8 brave companions1 ! pa/or ,pascal ,baylon & ! gr& nobleman ,francis ,borgia1 ,/4 ,philip ,n]i & ,/4 ,camillus ( ,lelli1 ,/4 ,*>les ,borromeo 9 ! mid/ ( ! plague at ,milan & ,/4 ,francis ( ,sales evangeliz+ ! populations ( ,*ablais8 ,& yet ?is enum]ation mu/ be limit$ to ! names ( ! m illu/ri\s only1 & to works ! mo/ consid]able4 ,n[1 9 ^! names are f\nd truly p]sonifi$ ! inspirations :i* con/itute1 9 its pl5itude1 ! v]itable _s ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,fir/1 ! _s ( zeal & apo/le%ip4 ,^? :o h se5 ! frescoes ( ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,ignatius at ,rome rememb] ) :at j pride a ,jesuit pa9t] has repres5t$ ! triumphs ( ! fir/ fa!rs ( 8 company ov] h]esy & infidelity4 #ff ,& unless bl9d$ by incurable prejudices1 :at a /rik+ comp>ison c "o make betwe5 ,melan*?on1 ! disciple ( ,lu!r1 & t /ud5t ( ! ,p>is ,univ]sity1 ! fri5d ( ,/4 ,ignatius--t ,/4 ,francis ,xavi] :o1 sett+ out = ! ,indies 9 #aeda & dy+ 9 #aeeb1 _h conv]t$1 by himself alone1 m hea!n 9 a doz5 ye>s ?an all ! ,prote/ant mission>ies unit$ h be5 able to conv]t 9 a c5tury2 t man ^: life w\ld seem b a leg5d ( old5 times1 7 x n au!nticat$ by mo/ unexceptionable docum5ts1 & _h x n appe>$ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 :i* is f> less ! age ( en?usiasm ?an t ( criticism--t man1 9 f9e1 to :om a ,prote/ant1 ,baldeus1 has _h ! imp>tiality to r5d] a spl5did eulogy1 clos+ ) t apo/rophe s nave & ne>ly z honorable to ! writ] z to ! h]o1 ,w\ld to ,god t1 hav+ be5 :at y 71 y might be ( u6 ,if ! ,company ( ,jesus repres5ts 9 s high a degree ! _s ( zeal1 behold ,/4 ,!resa & ,/4 ,pet] ( ,alcant>a1 :o repres5t none ! less wor?ily ! _s ( p5it5ce--t ess5tial "p ( ! ,*ri/ian life1 s entirely =eign to ! h]oes & ! works :i* spr+ =? f ,prote/antism4 ,9 contra/ ) ! rehabilitation ( ! fle%1 op5ly prea*$ & practis$ by ,lu!r1 by ,h5ry ,,viii41 by ! ,l&grave ( ,hesse & ! pr9cipal corypheuses ( ! ,re=mation1 see h[1 9 ! tra9 ( ^! two ,spani>ds--t re=m] ( ,c>mel & t son ( ,/4 ,francis--:ole g5]ations foll[4 ,!y embrace ) en?usiasm t hidd5 life ( ! cloi/]1 :]e ! sup]ficial glance ( ! man ( ! _w sees only an arbitr>y captivity & aimless mortifications2 b :]e ! eyes ( fai? discov] ! secret ( ^? acts & movem5ts ( rep>ation :i* pres]ve f ignom9y & ru9 ! ages dragg$ along ! dang]\s declivity ( scepticism & immorality1 by tea*+ m5 t1 if unbelief & luxury de/roy individuals & societies1 x is ! =ce ( pray]1 unit$ to t ( sacrifice1 :i* alone c raise !m up aga94 ,f9ally1 aft] ! _s ( zeal & ! _s ( p5it5ce1 ! _s ( *>ity completes ! fulness ( ! ,*ri/ian life4 ,n[1 c ,prote/antism take any (f5ce1 if1 9 look+ ov] ) x ! li/ ( its f\nd]s & apo/les1 we dem& ( x :]e !re is to be f\nd1 among ^? ard5t adv]s>ies ( ,roman sup]/itions1 a s+le man to :om "o c consci5ti\sly give ! title ( b5efactor & consol] ( m58 ,i see ,lu!r1 inde$1 pres5t+ ! ,bible to ,g]many surpris$ & misl$2 & ,calv9 adm9i/]+ ! cup ( ! ,"l's ,supp] to g5tlem5 ( ! c\rt ( ,francis ,i4 or to ! ri* burgesses ( ,g5eva4 ,"h1 9 "o place1 ,reu*l9 & ,ulri* ( ,hutt5 are je]+1 & laugh+ at ! monks1 & !re1 9 ano!r1 ,gu/avus ,adolphus is br&i%+ 8 valiant sword 9 def5ce ( ! new gospel2 b /ill1 aga91 among ^! bold promot]s ( ! ,re=mation1 among ^! indefatigable *ampions ( gospel-*ri/ianity1 z !y pr\dly entitle !mselves1 w\ld t ,i 7 %[n "o ( ^? s\ls inspir$ f above to p\r ^u ! mis]ies ( ! age ! treasures ( div9e consolations6 ,i behold p>ty-lead]s1 ,bible-exp\nd]s1 soldi]s1 politicians1 & savants2 b ( fri5ds ( ! poor1 ( protectors ( old age & des]t$ infancy1 ( m5 :o sacrifice all & :o sacrifice !mselves ev51 to ga9 ! "r1 ! privilege1 ( dry+ up ! te>s ( ! afflict$ & ( hold+ out ! help+ h& to ! un=tunate--( ^! ,i see none4 #fg ,^! are all 9 ! ranks ( t *ur* ^: privilege x w always be1 & :i* no sect has ev] be5 able to take f h]1 to prove t %e alone is ! v]itable sp\se ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 because %e alone is ! true "m ( m56 ,behold ,/4 ,philip ,n]i & 8 companions ( ! ,oratory ( ,rome1 ^: remembrances /ill live 9 ! hospital ( ! ,tr9ity = pilgrims--,/4 ,philip ,n]i1 ^: "n1 aft] m ?an ?ree hundr$ ye>s1 is always associat$ 9 ! ,et]nal ,city ) ! idea ( :atev] is mo/ t5d] & good4 ,by ! side ( ,/4 ,philip1 8 contempor>y & fri5d1 ,/4 ,camillus ( ,lellis1 in/itutor ( a congregation specially devot$ to ! c>e ( ! sick poor2 :ile1 by a l inspiration1 ! ,spani>d1 ,/4 ,john ( ,god1 e/abli%$1 9 #aedj1 t *>itable ord]1 spread s9ce !n ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom1 & ^: memb]s rival 9 self-sacrific+ devotion ! disciples ( ,/4 ,camillus 9 consecrat+ !mselves to ! "w ( reliev+ human infirmities4 ,9 f9e1 if ,/4 ,v9c5t ( ,paul con/itutes ! glory &1 m ?an ! glory1 ! consolation ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 ! sixte5? c5tury has1 nev]!less1 ! "r to claim him 9 "p2 = x saw 8 bir?1 & x gave to him ! fir/ inspirations ( t zeal & *>ity :i* draw d[n e day ^u 8 "n ! grateful b5$ictions ( all :o langui% & suff]--^u t "n at once ! humble/ & ! mo/ popul> ( all names4 ,9 conclusion1 if1 9 ?is picture ( ! ,ca?olic glories ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 x 7 necess>y also to f9d place = m5 ( ! sword & m5 ( law1 are !re _m figures m m>tial ?an t ( ,bay>d1 ! *evali] )\t fe> & )\t reproa*1 or ^? ( ! admirable ,knights-,hospitall]s ( ,malta1 :o1 9 #aehe1 "u ! ord]s ( _! gr&-ma/]1 ,la ,valette1 /ood z a liv+ ramp>t1 aga9/ :i* all ! =ces ( ,islamism da%$ & broke !mselves1 & :o did = ,*ri/ian ,europe 9 ! sixte5? c5tury :at1 a c5tury lat]1 ! immortal ,sobieski _h to d ) 8 brave ,pol&]s8 ,z to m5 ( law1 ,ca?olic ,france has ! "r to "n ) pride ! gr&-*ancellor ,hpital2 & ,prote/ant ,engl& has n ! "r to claim ,?omas ,m4 ,x 0 ?is c\rage\s magi/rate :o refus$ to subscribe to ! divorce ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 & :o1 :5 entreat$ by 8 wife n to expose himself to capital puni%m5t by oppos+ ! k+'s wi%es1 repli$ 9 ^! beautiful words3 ,:at6 ,w\ld y h me compromise my et]nity = ! sake ( tw5ty ye>s :i* yet p]haps rema9 = me to live8 ,he di$ ^u ! scaffold1 ! #f? ( ,july1 #aece1 ) ! con/ancy ( a m>tyr2 wor?y precursor ( t long & illu/ri\s g5]ation ( witnesses to ! fai?1 :o1 dur+ all ! second half ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 wat]$ ) pure/ ( blood ! soil ( ,engl&1 & did m honor1 x seems to me1 to ! anci5t r5[n ( ,! ,isle ( ,sa9ts ?an a ,cranm]1 ! c\rtly & apo/ate ar*bi%op1 or an ,essex1 "o ( ! num]\s lov]s ( t pr9cess :o f\lly /a9$ ) mire & blood ! ?rone ^u :i* %e sat1 & t /ate *ur* ( :i* %e made a m]e vassal ( t ?rone4 #fh ,aft] hav+ rectifi$ & complet$1 s f> z x has be5 giv5 me to d1 ?is pa9t+1 s orig9al & vigor\s1 b at ! same "t s manife/ly devot$ to a preconceiv$ & sy/ematiz$ idea1 ,i arrive at a conclusion :i* is applicable n to ! sixte5? c5tury only1 b to all ! epo*s ( hi/ory4 ,x is t1 aft] ! lik5ess ( man himself1 ea* phase ( ! life ( humanity be>s 9 x two s\ls1 &1 z x 71 two humanities4 ,^! are ! tw9s t /ruggl$ toge!r 9 ! womb ( ,rebecca1 & on ! occasion ( :i* ! ,"l respond$ to ! tr\bl$ "m3 ,two nations are 9 ?y womb1 & two peoples %all be divid$ out ( ?y womb1 & "o p %all ov]come ! o!r4 7,g54 xxv4 #bc47 ,yes1 z ea* "o ( u be>s )9 him two m51 ^: unceas+ /ruggle makes up ! :ole prize & ! :ole gr&eur ( ! moral life1 s 9 l mann] ea* age ( ! _w be>s )9 x two ages3 ! "o :i* is ! docile in/rum5t ( ,god 9 ! pursuit ( tru? & ! accompli%m5t ( ju/ice2 & ! o!r1 :i* p>alyzes a "p ( ! liv+ =ces ( humanity by lead+ !m a/ray into error1 or by putt+ !m to ! s]vice ( selfi%ness & evil4 ,?is gr& pr9ciple ( ! philosophy ( hi/ory1 due to ,*ri/ian psy*ology & ! true k by man ( himself1 has be5 admirably demon/rat$ by ,/4 ,augu/9e4 ,"o sees1 f num]\s passages 9 8 writ+s1 h[ t holy doctor 0 impress$ by ! p]petual antagonism & irreconcilable opposition betwe5 ^! two p[]s1 or cities1 7z he t]ms !m17 :o always & ev]y:]e are mak+ w> ^u ea* o!r1 & to :om ea* succe$+ c5tury s]ves b z a battle-field4 ,q z mu* & ev5 m ?an o!rs1 does ! sixte5? c5tury pres5t to ! look ( ! obs]v] ! militant dualism ( ^! two pr9ciples3 ! "o1 call+ itself ! ,re=mation ( ! *ur* by disord] & viol5ce2 ! o!r1 wi%+ to be1 & :i* has be51 ! fruitful & pacific r5ovation ( ,*ri/ian life by humble zeal & true *>ity4 ,! ,prote/ant ,re=mation claims ! sixte5? c5tury z exclusively its own4 ,i believe ,i h suffici5tly demon/rat$ t1 by its mo/ beautiful & mo/ endur+ p>ts & *>act]i/ics1 ! c5tury belongs nei!r to ,lu!r nor ,calv92 b t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* c exhibit x ) j pride alike to h] fri5ds & h] enemies4 ,f ?is /udy1 made 9 ! light ( ?is pr9ciple1 ,i w\ld also d$uce a second conclusion & apply x directly to ! times 9 :i* we live4 ,are we n ourselves witnesses ( & actors 9 a /ruggle l or analog\s to t :i*1 be=e our day1 divid$ our fa!rs8 ,yes1 our c5tury1 soon to complete ! ?ird qu>t] ( its t]m1 itself also is engag$ 9 ?is /ruggle betwe51 s to t]m x1 two oppos+ cities or communities4 ,= "s "t pa/1 ?is /ruggle seems to h ent]$ ^u a new phase & into a mo/ %>p crisis4 ,) :om w victory re/1 & :i* ( ! two pr9ciples %all c>ry captive ! o!r 9 its triumph1 s z to decide def9itively ! "* ( ?is epo*8 ,t is a secret z yet only kn[n to ,god1 & x is n m9e to attempt a reply to s hidd5 & my/]i\s a "q4 ,:at ,i d "k is1 t we ought to oppose1 ) all our might1 ^? :o1 wi%+ to br+ ab\t a viol5t retrograde movem5t 9 ,european society1 ?reat5 e day to c>ry u back to ! age ( ,voltaire1 & :o pres5t to u ! saturnalia ( '#ic z ! ideal ( lib]ty1 prosp]ity1 & progress6 #fi ,:at ,i "k1 aga91 is1 t b ye/]day ! antagonism betwe5 ^! two oppos+ p[]s 7des deux cits7 0 p]sonifi$ 9 two m51 ^u :om1 if ,i mi/ake n1 ! judgm5t ( po/]ity has already begun to be made up3 ,"o ( !m1 :o repres5ts1 9 all 8 s]5e maje/y & ) impressive au?ority ev5 9 8 weakness1 ! =ce ( "r--! augu/ & mild pontiff1 :om tw5ty-two ye>s ( revolutions & +ratitude d n di%e>t5 & dissuade f bless+ ! _w1 & call+ d[n1 by 8 pray]s1 ^u sorely tri$ & tr\bl$ society1 ! _s ( wisdom1 c\nsel1 & peace2 ! o!r1 t incorrigible lead] ( ! anti*ri/ian army1 ! man ( ^? bold de$s ^: ephem]al triumph aspires to build up "r ^u =ce1 b :i* "o day1 ,i hope1 ,italy w disav[ 9 ! "n ( h] religi\s traditions1 z well z 9 ! "n ( h] true & s\nd lib]al traditions4 ,no2 ?is n9ete5? c5tury1 :]e by ! side ( s mu* t is evil !re is s mu* t is good--s _m g5]\s sallies ( self-devotion1 s _m hidd5 acts ( self-sacrifice1 s _m solid virtues--! c5tury :i* has giv5 u a ,cur ( ,ars & a ,pius ,,ix41 an ,affre & a ,lamoricire1 a ,lacordaire & a ,ravignan1 an ,o',connell & a ,zamoyski1 a ,jane ,jugan--f\nd] ( ! ,little ,si/]s ( ! ,poor--& ^? /ud5ts to :om n only ,france1 b ! ,ca?olic _w1 are indebt$ = ! in/itution ( ! ,conf]5ces ( ,/4 ,v9c5t ( ,paul2 ?is c5tury w nev] be dragg$ d[n to ! gemoniae scalae ,footnote #ag ( hi/ory ) ! ignom9i\s /amp ^u x ( hav+ be5 ! ,era ( ,g>ibaldi4 ,x w triumph ov] all ! ob/acles heap$ ^u its pa?way by scepticism1 by false sci5ce1 & by ! viol5ce ( p>ty-_s4 ,^! adv]se =ces seem at ?is h\r1 x is true1 to take up ) r5ew$ en]gy ! /ruggle :i* = eighte5 c5turies no?+ has int]rupt$2 b by s do+ !y only s]ve to %[ u m cle>ly our duty1 & to urge u on ! m /r5u\sly to fulfil x4 ,footnote #ag3 ,! gemoniae scalae 7 /eps 9 anci5t ,rome1 ne> ! prison call$ ,tullianum1 d[n :i* ! bodies ( ^? :o _h be5 execut$ 9 prison 7 dragg$ & ?r[n into ! ,=um1 to be !re expos$ to ! gaze ( ! multitude4 ,,trans4 ---------- ,translat$ ,f ,! ,fr5*4 ,! ,leg5d ,( ,hospitality4 ,leg5d or hi/ory1 hi/ory or leg5d1 !re are tru?s to be cull$ f ea*1 my fri5ds1 ju/ly rem>ks t *>m+ writ]1 ,*>les ,nodi]4 ,a beautiful leg5d creates its own atmosph]e ( sweet & moral influ5ces1 z a fl[] exhales its p]fume4 ,happy !y :o c disc]n & appropriate !m6 ,x is 9 ^! old & popul> leg5ds t (t5times w be f\nd infus$ :atev] is mo/ beautiful & pure ( a nation's poetry & ( its fai?2 !y be+1 z x 71 ! expression ( a p's ?\ght4 ,= a long "t1 inde$1 ^? simple traditions ( ! pa/ con/itut$1 z we may say1 ! lit]ature ( ! p's social ga!r+s1 & s]v$ an important "p 9 keep+ firmly cem5t$ ! noble pr9ciples ( family1 ( union1 & ( ju/ice1 :i* =m$ ! triple corn]-/one ( all well-regulat$ society4 #gj ,:5 ! trembl+ voice ( ! old man 0 he>d1 all 7 sil5t1 & w5t =? aft] 8 n>rative ) s\ls deeply impress$1 on ! "o h&1 by ! puni%m5ts :i* /ruck d[n ! wick$1 or1 on ! o!r1 s(tly mov$ by ! ju/ly des]v$ rew>d t s (t5 =m$ ! graceful dn\em5t ( "s t\*+ ballad4 ,"s ( ^! leg5ds1 com+ to u1 z !y d1 f af>1 h ev5 pres]v$ ! fir/ fre%ness ( ! primitive ages4 ,?is is1 inde$1 _! greate/ *>m4 ,witness ?is exquisite leg5d ( hospitality1 :i* = a long "t delight$ ! simple he>ts ( ! peasants ( ,france4 ,9 ! days ( ,jesus1 !re liv$ on ! banks ( ! ,jordan an old man1 :o might well h be5 tak5 = a patri>* ( an anci5t tribe1 :om ,dea? seem$ to h =gott54 ,8 "n 0 ,philom51 & 9 8 l[ly cab9 he subsi/$ solely on ! fruit ( 8 little g>d51 & ! milk furni%$ him by 8 goat4 ,n[1 "o quiet ev5+1 "s "o tapp$ g5tly at 8 door1 & an old man1 ?\gh y\ng] ?an he1 ent]+1 claim$ 8 hospitality4 ,mo/ will+ly1 my fri5d4 ,my cottage is n l>ge2 my g>d5 yields n mu* fruit2 my goat gives b little milk2 b1 ev5 s1 ,i %>e x *e]fully ) all :o cross my ?re%old 9 ! "n ( hospitality4 ,ent]1 !n1 good fri5d1 & re/ aft] ! fatigue ( ! day4 ,b1 said ! travell] hesitat+ly1 ,i am n alone4 ,i h twelve companions ) me1 ov]p[]$ by we>9ess & p>*$ ) ?ir/1 = we h j cross$ ! des]t4 ,let !m all come2 y are all welcome4 ,all :o come hungry to my door are welcome to all ,i possess4 ,!n ! /rang] made a sign to 8 companions1 :o 7 sil5tly /&+ at ! door2 & he f\nd t !y 7 ,jesus & 8 twelve apo/les1 :om ,/4 ,pet] l$ on _! j\rney1 ev] walk+ 9 advance1 he :o 0 "o day to op5 ! gates ( ,p>adise4 ,!y ent]$1 p>took ( 8 simple fruit1 drank ! milk furni%$ by 8 goat1 & re/$ = a "t on 8 r\gh mat4 ,:5 day dawn$1 ,/4 ,pet] said to him1 ,be=e go+ h5ce1 ha/ ?\ no petition to make to u8 ,ha/ ?\ n "s wi%8 ,ask :atev] ?\ wilt 9 return = ?y hospitality4 ,all t ?\ %alt ask %all be grant$ unto !e4 ,!n ! old man made ?ree wi%es1 & said3 ,my sweet ,"l1 ,i love life s well1 grant me yet five hundr$ ye>s to live2 ! days pass s quickly 9 ?is peaceful cab94 ,grant$1 said a sweet & t\*+ voice1 :i* seem$ to come1 z x 71 f ! mid/ ( ! gr\p4 ,:at else wilt ?\ h8 ,my good ,"l1 ,i h a beautiful fig-tree 9 my g>d51 :i* be>s su* f9e fruit t !y are (t5 /ol5 f me4 ,grant me1 !n1 t :oev] climbs into x may n be able to desc5d until ,i give him leave2 ?us ,i w ensn>e ! ?ief4 ,jesus smil$ z he he>d ?is qua9t wi%1 &1 b[+ 8 fair head1 said3 ,x %all be done z ?\ wi%e/4 ,ha/ ?\ m /ill to ask8 ,speak freely1 = ?\ see/ t ,i grant !e all t ?\ ha/ wi%$ =4 ,my de>ly lov$ ,"l1 ,i h a wood5 *air1 on :i* my fri5ds sit :5 !y come sometimes at night to talk ) me4 ,grant me t :oev] re/s on x may n be able to rise1 & mu/ rema9 !re z long z ,i %all please4 #ga ,& ,jesus approv$ aga91 because he lov$ ?is guileless old man1 :o 0 s simple ( he>t & made su* mode/ wi%es4 ,/4 ,pet] !n ?ank$ him1 & w5t =?1 foll[$ by 8 twelve companions1 among :om ,jesus lov$ to conceal himself4 ,ye>s pass$ by "o aft] ! o!r4 ,"o c5tury pass$1 !n ano!r1 until f9ally ! la/ day ( ! la/ ye> arriv$1 & ! v5]able ,philom5 saw ! grim travell] ,dea? ent] 8 cab91 :o said to him3 ,come along1 old man6 ,?\ ha/ elud$ me ?is long "t--?anks to an especial favor4 ,?\ ha/ rea*$ ! ye>s ( ,ma?usale4 ,if e "o liv$ z ?\ ha/1 ,i w\ld h no "w on e>?4 ,come along1 quick4 ,regulate ?y affairs1 bid f>ewell to ?y g>d51 because1 ) ! sett+ sun1 ,i lead !e =? ) me4 ,o my good dame6 if y w\ld b pity me6 ,ah6 yes1 if y w\ld h "s pity1 y w\ld let me live "s few days m--only "o day1 !n4 ,x is s good to live6 ,no1 no?+2 n "o mom5t m1 repli$ ! s9i/] gue/ 9 a h>% & dry voice4 ,at lea/1 !n1 let me once m eat ( ! fruit ( my fig-tree4 ,i h lov$ !m s well2 x w be a la/ consolation to me4 ,b ,i am too weak to %ake ! tree1 & too old to rea* ^? highe/ bran*es4 ,d y g up1 & ga!r me t fig up !re2 x is s ?or\ghly rip5$ by our ea/]n sun4 ,mo/ will+ly4 ,see1 old man1 ,i w %[ !e t ,dea? is n z surly z 'tis said %e is4 ,!n plac+ h] h\r-glass & scy! at ! foot ( ! tree1 ! unlucky dame climb$ up2 b sc>cely _h %e press$ h] foot ^u ! bran*es1 ?an1 lo6 !y sprang up z if f h] tread1 clos$ ar\nd & s %ut 9 ! impud5t wight t %e c\ld n ev5 /ir4 ,%e call$2 %e cri$ al\d1 !n moan$ & supplicat$4 ,philom5 r5ew$ 8 humble petition1 b %e p]si/5tly refus$4 ,v well6 ,i only want five hundr$ ye>s1 five c5turies m6 ,& rais+ 8 head m5ac+ly1 he took up ! h\r-glass & scy!1 quietly return+ to 8 cab94 ,e morn+ he return$1 impos$ 8 conditions ( release1 :i* ,dea?1 becom+ m & m irritat$1 z ob/9ately refus$4 ,!n he w\ld g back pati5tly to 8 cab94 ,on ! ?ird night he saw a d>k figure1 ) glitt]+ eyes1 pr[l+ r\nd ! foot ( 8 tree4 ,he li/5$1 & he>d ?is conv]sation4 ,n[1 y mu/ "k t ?is 0 ! ,devil1 :o came to make 8 compla9t3 ,:at do/ ?\ !re1 ?\ idl]8 ,?\ no long] s5de/ me "w to d4 ,i am ru9$ by ?y delay4 ,b ! t]rible accomplice c\ld d no?+2 because he :o b9ds on e>? z he b9ds 9 heav5 _h b\nd h] s firmly t ,dea? h]self c\ld n undo x4 ,next morn+1 aft] a fre% dispute ) ,philom51 %e yield$1 & cons5t$ to let him h five hundr$ ye>s add$ to 8 life4 ,b z ,dea? is trea*]\s1 he s\ght 8 tablet1 & be=e %e came d[n he made h] sign ! treaty4 ,aft] t he set h] free1 re/or$ h] baggage1 h] h\r-glass & scy!1 & let h] dep>t1 ?reat5+ & rag+ z %e w5t1 v[+ to cut (f1 at ! v mom5t ( ! promis$ "t1 ! life ( "o :o _h s pitilessly ridicul$ h]4 #gb ,ye>s aga9 pass$ by1 "o by "o2 ! c5turies 7 accompli%$2 & yet ,philom5 did n gr[ old4 ,t5 times _h he se5 pass by t unhappy pilgrim condemn$ to w&] = ev] r\nd ! _w4 ,ea* j\rney m>k$ "o c5tury z ?is w&]+ ,jew cross$ ! ,jordan1 ne> 8 little cab91 on ! road to ,j]usalem1 t1 asc5d+ ,golgo?a1 he might sue = m]cy on ! v spot :]e ! blood _h be5 %$ ( him :om he _h despis$6 ,! c5turies _h all n[ pass$1 & "o ev5+1 :5 ,philom5 sat quietly by 8 he>?1 ! d>k travell] ent]$ once m4 ,midnight 0 ! fatal h\r4 ,%e rudely acco/$ him3 ,come along n[1 old man6 ,?\ %\ld/ long s9ce h be5 9 ?y grave4 ,no m]cy = !e ?is "t6 ,?\ w\ld/ b mock me aga91 c\ld ,i %[ pity = !e4 ,oh6 h[ tir$ ,i am2 s tir$1 s worri$6 ,to-day ,i h kill$ ne>ly ?ree ?\s& ,*ri/ians1 !n a :ole race ( infidels1 & decimat$ an entire k+dom1 ) my well-temp]$ weapon1 pe/il5ce4 ,ri* & poor1 prelates & prie/s1 ,i h upturn$ ev]y?+--ev]y?+4 ,b ,i am horribly tir$1 & :ile await+ ! expiration ( ?y "t1 ,i w re/ me a little "h4 ,say+ ^! words1 %e ?rew h]self on ! wood5 /ool t ,jesus _h gift$ ) sup]natural p[]s4 ,!n %e began to je] at ! old man1 speak+ to him ( ! joys ( life1 ( y\?1 ( love1 etc4 ,:5 midnight toll$1 %e attempt$ to rise f ! *air & spr+ at ,philom51 :o _h wisely plac$ himself beyond h] rea*2 b1 nail$ d[n ^u ?is wond]ful seat1 %e c\ld n move6 ,9 va9 %e %ook h] glass1 made deadly ?ru/s ) h] scy!6 ,!n ! good man w5t to 8 he>?1 & k9dl$ su* a fire z ne>ly roa/$ h] ev5 at t di/ance4 ,h] h\r-glass 0 ab\t fall+ to pieces1 ! h&le ( h] scy! 0 ne>ly r$uc$ to a%es1 :51 aft] a mo/ vigor\s dispute1 %e grant$ ,philom5 a new lease ( five c5turies m ( life6 ,n[1 ?is 01 z y "k1 ! second "t %e _h be5 caught 9 ! same trap1 & m enrag$ ?an ev]1 %e w5t =? cry+ al\d t %e %\ld n be caught aga92 & good old ,philom5 liv$ on ?r\gh ! long ye>s obta9$ by ?is trick4 ,b ev]y?+ ( "t mu/ end2 ev]y?+ falls2 ev]y?+ dies2 ev]y?+ passes away4 ,& ^! five c5turies1 too1 7 ga!r$ ) all t _h gone be=e4 ,b ,dea? _h le>n$ prud5ce n[1 & did n v5ture ne>1 s5d+ a %aft f af> t pi]c$ ! good old man & s5t him at once f life to dea?4 ,b z he _h liv$ s innoc5tly & ev] obs]v$ ! laws ( holy hospitality1 ,god _h a place prep>$ = him 9 8 own beautiful ,p>adise4 ,n[1 x happ5$ t be=e go+ !re our ,philom5 wi%$ to see1 j a little1 :at 0 go+ on 9 hell4 ,s9ce ! night t he ov]he>d ! dispute betwe5 ,dea? & ,satan1 he _h *]i%$ a great desire to d s4 ,he quietly ent]$ ! abode ( ! condemn$1 & :5 ! ,devil came to meet him1 & w\ld h seiz$ ^u him1 ,philom5 cri$ out3 ,/op !re6 ,i am n = !e6 ,i am ( ! k+dom ( ! elect1 & come "h only to see if all t is said ( !e 9 ! k+dom ( ! liv+ be true4 ,lead me ev]y:]e6 ,:51 conduct$ by 8 d>k guide1 he _h visit$ ! b[els ( ! e>? & witness$ all mann]s ( torture1 he propos$ to him to /ake 8 own s\l aga9/ "s ( ! mo/ fe>fully puni%$ among ! damn$ :o 7 utt]+ mo/ t]rific %rieks4 ,! dice 7 br\ght1 & %ak5 by ea* 9 turn4 #gc ,philom5 ga9$ twelve s\ls2 !n ,satan became fe>ful he might lose all ) ?is my/]i\s p>tn]1 & refus$ to play on4 ,philom5 !n took ! road to ,p>adise1 &1 rea*+ ! gate1 tapp$ g5tly4 ,sa9t ,pet] came to op5 = him4 ,he at once recogniz$ him1 &1 smil+1 said1 ,pass on1 we h expect$ y all ?is "t4 ,oh6 v well1 said ! acute old man1 b1 l y =m]ly1 ,i am n travell+ alone3 ,i h ) me twelve companions1 :o claim y\r hospitality4 ,?is is b fair1 said ,/4 ,pet]1 once m smil+1 s come 94 ,& s ,philom5 & 8 twelve ransom$ s\ls all w5t to jo9 ! ?rong ( ! bless$ :o w = ev] s+ ! glory ( ,god4 ,x is ?us ! good old man liv$ fifte5 hundr$ ye>s1 & practis$ ! holy rules ( hospitality4 ,& x is ?us t our pi\s ance/ors taught _! *ildr5 nev] to refuse entrance to ^? :o knock$ at _! doors1 implor+ %elt]2 & ?us we1 too1 see h[ religi\sly & beautifully hospitality 0 practis$ 9 ! =m] ages1 9 ! *ateaux ( ! ri* z well z 9 ! m humble dwell+s ( ! poor4 ---------- ,m9e ,enemy4 ,if he c\ld /& aga9/ me n[1 ,) o!r eyes & an ali5 br[2 ,if ,i c\ld break ! spell t /ill ,my w entangles ) 8 w2 ,if he c\ld laugh ! :ile ,i weep2 ,if ,i c\ld wake1 & he asleep2 ,c\ld ,i uncoil ! my/]y ,:]e he is ,i1 & ,i am he3 ,!n might ,i hide me f 8 face2 ,or /rike him d[n )9 8 place2 ,& s1 at la/1 my life be free ,f 8 torm5t+ company4 ,b no2 8 blu% my =ehead burns1 ,8 ! pallor my pale *eek turns1 ,& :5 he sees ! ?+ ,i d1 ',tis m9e own eyes t he looks ?r\gh4 ,:5 ,i w\ld hate ?is tiresome mate1 ,he tea*es me ! way to hate2 ,:5 f 8 pres5ce ,i w\ld flee1 ,he1 taunt+1 flies along ) me4 #gd ,b be/ ,i l 8 bas] slips1 ,8 angry eyes & impi\s lips2 ,= !n1 half-wr5*$ away f me1 ,almo/ x seems he leaves me free4 ',tis !n ,i raise al(t my cry3 ,/4 ,mi*ael1 to ! rescue fly6 ',tis !n almo/ my foot is pre/ ,^u ! mon/]'s /ruggl+ brea/2 ',tis !n ,i feel my %\ld]s gl[ ,) h9ts ( w+s !y yet may "k1 ,& brea! z slaves pant1 wild & sweet1 ,^: *a9s are fall+ to _! feet6 ',tis !n ,i ne/le1 safely b\nd ,by w+s ( angels circl+ r\nd1 ,& feel ! draw+ ( ! cord ,t holds my an*or 9 ! ,"l6 ,& mo/ ,i fe> :5 cunn+ly ,he cr\*es1 hidd5 f m9e eye1 ,& brea!s into ! pipes ^: keys ,hold all my _s's melodies4 ,:5 ,i 8 hid+ w\ld betray1 ,he holds ! lamp1 & leads ! way2 ,:5 ,i w\ld break 8 h>dihood1 ,he wields ! la% t draws my blood4 ,s deep 8 guile1 ,i sc>ce c "k ,f ^: int5t my actions gr[2 ,s brightly d 8 te>-drops %9e1 ,i (t mi/ake 8 grief = m9e4 ,:5 veil$ emotions1 swift & /rong1 ,run all my trembl+ n]ves along1 ,if 'tis 8 sigh or m9e ^: swell ,upheaves my brea/1 ,i _c tell4 ,:5 fri5d%ip fr[ns1 ,i turn to see ,my foe's eyes beam+ t5d]ly2 ,:5 fri5d%ip h>%ly speaks1 ,i he> ,8 dulcet tones woo+ m9e e>4 ,:5 ,god is sl[ to he> my cry1 ,behold ?' insidi\s li/'n] nigh6 ,:5 ?ir/ has p>*$ my vitals up1 ,8 h& pres5ts ! sp>kl+ cup4 #ge ,if ,i w\ld reason ) my foe1 ,he lets ! high-pil$ logic gr[1 ,& l[ly b5ds1 9 humble guise1 ,) sil5t m\? & droop+ eyes4 ,b z1 o'erfl[+ ) cont5t1 ,i view my /ately monum5t1 ,nor guess ! ?\ghts lie side to side ,9 subtle1 weak cem5t ( pride1 ,) sudd5 fla% ( mock+ wit ,he plays ab\t & %att]s x1 ,or "s volcanic und]?ru/ ,levels my /ructure ) ! du/4 ,& /raight1 ere ,i c speak = pa91 ,he builds my *ang'd ?\ghts up aga9 ,9 airy /ret*es1 bright or dim1 ,) fl[]-wov5 cornice-rim2 ,) domes t melt into ! sky1 ,l piles ( sn[y cumuli2 ,& p9nacles :]e fancy sees ,/>s cl+ & swim1 l gold5 bees2 ,) long-drawn w+s ^: cl\dy tips ,! sunset kisses ) r$ lips2 ,& cl\dy-curta9$ w9d[s bright1 ,:5ce p\rs a flood ( rosy light4 ,& ) x come bewild]+ tunes1 ,:]e heav5ly airs be> helli% runes2 ,&1 call+ sweet & call+ cle>1 ,! voice t mo/ ,i long to he>4 ,b if1 lur$ by ?is temple fair1 ,dazzl$1 ,i seek to ent] !re1 ,x cl+s1 & burns ) lurid light1 ,l ,glauce's bridal-g>m5t :ite4 ,!n s9ce my foe s pot5t is1 ,& ,i s weak1 le/ ,i be 81 ,"s fri5d ,i ne$1 /rong] ?an he1 ,to /& & keep my he>t = me4 ,& s9ce1 ?\gh driv5 =? ) pa91 ,ev] he /eale? back aga91 ,m ne$ h ,i ( heav5ly light ,to make 8 lurk+-places bright4 #gf ,& s9ce ,i /& un>m$1 inde$1 ,be=e 8 wra?1 great is ! ne$ ,i %\ld invoke1 ) pray]ful ^w1 ,sa9t ,mi*ael ( ! fi]y sword6 ,t night & day ,i /ill %\ld cl+ ,b5ea? my hov]+ angel's w+2 ,& ne'er let slip ! gold5 cord ,t holds my an*or 9 ! ,"l6 ---------- ,translat$ ,f ,! ,revue ,du ,monde ,ca?olique4 ,flam9ia4 ,by ,alex&re ,de ,b>4 ,conclud$4 ,y w n be surpris$ to see t ,flam9ia 0 ignorant ( ! v]itable nature ( ! affection t %e felt = ,alb]t2 b y w be a/oni%$ to le>n t he %>$ entirely h] ignorance1 al?\gh he _h se5 mu* ( life4 ,yet ?9k t x is to "k no?+ ( ! mo/ impetu\s passion ( our s\l if we h only le>nt ! !ory2 = z to "k ! _w we mu/ h liv$ 9 ! _w1 s to "k ! he>t "o mu/ h liv$ by ! he>t2 if su* has n be5 "o's exp]i5ce1 all is obscurity & "o takes a false r\te4 ,n[1 ,alb]t _h liv$ out ( ! _w1 & _h n yet lov$ aught b a glori\s r5[n4 ,besides all ?is1 if y w look back ^u t fair "t ( y\? :i* has n[ fl$ f u1 y w rememb] t ! desc5t :i* allures u is (t5 s g5tle t we foll[ x )\t att5tion2 until ! day :5 an un=ese5 ev5t1 & (t5 ev5 an unimportant circum/ance1 ar\ses u1 & p]mits u by a glance to see ! road t we h already glid$ d[n4 ,alb]t1 too1 desc5d$ t *>m+ declivity1 ga!r+ ! p]fum$ fl[]s :i* hung on ! %rubs1 & intoxicat+ himself ) p]fumes1 ) light & songs4 ,8 s\l happy1 8 he>t pure1 dazzl$ by ! cele/ial gleams :i* irradiat$ him1 h[ c\ld he see :]e all ?is 0 conduct+ him8 ,?is is h[ he fir/ became aw>e ( 8 position3 ,!re 0 at ! bottom ( ! g>d5s ( ! palace ,balbo a long alley1 t 0 cov]$ by ! ?ick foliage ( ! v9es1 ^: /ems1 black & di/ort$1 clung to & spread up ! /one pill>s on ea* side4 ,"h & !re ! jasm9es display$ ! silv] />s ( _! fl[]s1 :i* %one out ( ! deep %ade ( _! leaves4 ,f t alley ! eye gaz$ ^u a va/ horizon1 b\nd$ by two l>ge %eets ( azure1 ! sea & sky1 betwe5 :i* ! m\nta9s lift$ _! impos+ masses1 gild$ by ! rays ( ! sett+ sun4 ,x 0 9 ?is p]fum$ gall]y t1 ea* ev5+1 ,alb]t 0 conduct$ by 8 ho/s1 z soon z ! refre%+ breeze ( ev5+ blew across ! sea4 #gg ,(t5 x 0 ! arm ( ,flam9ia t aid$ 8 yet feeble /eps 9 ?is ex]cise4 ,h[ _m *>m+ h\rs ?us pass$ = !m dur+ ! calm ( ^? ev5+s1 :5 ! noises ( ! day ceas$ "o by "o1 until ! e> br\ght b ! s\nd ( ! :isp]+ breeze1 pure & sweet z ! brea? ( a sleep+ *ild1 to ! t\*$ & s(t5$ s\l6 ,"o day1 ! fev] seem$ /ruggl+ to rega9 its p[] ov] ! =m ( ,alb]t2 8 w\nds 7 sc>cely clos$1 & ! emotions t he exp]i5c$ react$ mo/ p[]fully ^u 8 heal?4 ,sir1 man is born = suff]+1 & n = joy4 ,8 body c support an imm5se weight ( sorr[ & pa9 )\t giv+ way2 b x is worn out by pleasure1 & joy kills x4 ,giovanni1 uneasy ab\t 8 fri5d1 /rictly =bade 8 leav+ 8 room1 & t ev5+ ! family w5t alone to _! walk4 ,alb]t return$ sadly to ! saloon1 become m des]t = him ?an ! s&s ( ,sah>a1 9 company ) ,giovanni1 :o1 9 ! hope ( di/ract+ 8 lonel9ess1 talk$ to him ( battles & ( victories2 al?\gh _h he kn[n h[ f> ! m9d ( 8 fri5d 0 f all su* subjects1 he might h giv5 himself f> less tr\ble ) an equally good result4 ,little c>+ !n = glory1 ,alb]t's he>t 0 ) ,flam9ia "u ! p]fum$ %ade ( ! v9es & jasm9es4 ,at _! return1 ,flam9ia held out to ,alb]t a spray ( jasm9e cov]$ ) fl[]s1 say+ to him3 ',y l ^! fl[]s1 s ,i br+ y !m4' ,:5 ,alb]t _h retir$ to 8 own room1 he took ?is b\quet & cov]$ x ) kisses3 he li/5$ ) delight to ! voice t issu$ f ^? fl[]s & t told him su* sweet words4 ,a flame seem$ to m+le ) _! p]fumes t c>ri$ a new life to 8 he>t2 b x c>ri$ !re also ! light4 ,ano!r voice made itself he>d & %[$ him ! tru?1 & he fell f ! regions ( happ9ess :]e 8 dream _h c>ri$ him1 into ! implacable reality2 = he !n discov]$ ) :at sort ( an affection !y 7 bo? animat$4 ,& he a knight ( ! ,ord] ( ,malta6 ,if abs5ce c\ld h giv5 ! repose ( =getfulness to ,flam9ia1 ,alb]t w\ld n h hesitat$ to h left h] at once4 ,b if !re exi/ atta*m5ts s slight t ! simple abs5ce ( _! object is suffici5t to cure !m1 s !re are o!rs :i* may be lik5$ to ^? long-liv$ plants t ext5d _! roots 9 all directions & all dep?s2 s t "o _c te> !m f ! soil 9 :i* !y h once ga9$ a hold4 ,su* affections z ^! resi/ all human ef=ts1 & abs5ce b s]ves to r5d] _! w\nds m poignant & m lively4 ,alb]t und]/ood too well ! "* ( ,flam9ia n to "k t _! de/9y 0 irrevocably fix$4 ,div9e ,provid5ce seem$ to h drawn !m toge!r 9 ?is _w b to make !m m]it1 by a sacrifice ( _! affections1 ! happ9ess t 0 de/9$ = !m 9 ! next4 ,! ord9>y rem$y ( abs5ce w\ld h be5 useless 9 _! case4 ,alb]t und]/ood ?is1 & ! idea ( gett+ himself absolv$ f 8 v[s ( knigh?ood came to him4 ,?is ?\ght he repell$4 ,x 0 n t he believ$ ! success ( su* a measure impossible1 b t he saw 9 x a des]tion ( 8 duty2 he felt t 8 consci5ce w\ld n be 9 tranquillity1 & t x w\ld p]petually rem9d him t "o _c ?us break 8 engagem5ts ) ,god4 ,he knelt d[n pi\sly1 & t :i* pass$ 9 8 s\l dur+ t cruel night1 & t :i* he suff]$ dur+ t /ruggle1 ev] re/$ a secret betwe5 him & ,god4 #gh ,= y1 s*ol> ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 x is an unp>donable weakness t ( plac+ "o's self humbly on "o's knees be=e ! ,div9e ,maje/y4 ,yet1 ?anks only to ?is weakness1 ,alb]t1 9 all ! =ce ( y\?1 resi/$ )\t fail+ be=e ! mo/ impetu\s1 ! mo/ irresi/ible ( all our passions1 & came =? victori\s out ( ! rude/ combat t he _h ev] giv54 ,he lov$1 passionately1 ,flam9ia3 ,flam9ia1 beautiful1 ri* 9 he>t & s\l1 full ( all ! m]its1 ( all ! virtues1 t c entrance at ! same "t ! he>t1 ! s\l1 & ! s5ses2 ,flam9ia1 :o lov$ him ) an equal ardor1 & :o confid$ h]self to him absolutely & )\t res]ve4 ,he _h ov] h] an absolute p[]1 &1 f> f us+ x1 he subdu$ 8 passion1 &1 direct+ by a det]m9$ w ! tumultu\s waves ( 8 he>t1 he trav]s$ )\t %ipwreck ^? tempe/s t are m ungov]nable ?an ! rage ( ! ocean4 ,! /r5g? ) :i* he aid$ himself 0 t same weakness :i* makes y smile4 ,_h he tru/$ only 9 himself1 he w\ld h fall51 because he 0 b a man2 he implor$ ! aid ( him :o is /r5g? itself1 & he vanqui%$4 ,fai? 0 = him :at ! =tify+ oil 0 ) :i* ! a?letes rubb$ _! bodies be=e ! /ruggle2 &1 n cont5t ) aid+ him to ov]come himself1 %e knew also h[ to dry 8 te>s by ! bless$ aid ( hope4 ,=1 at ! same "t t %e %[$ him 9 all _! b>r5ness ! pa9ful pa?s ( duty1 %e let him see at ! end ( ! j\rney1 & z ! price ( 8 victory1 t et]nal union ( s\ls :i* "t itself is p[]less to break4 ,i "k y to be prejudic$1 my de> ,fr$]ick1 on all t :i* t\*es religi\s que/ions2 b1 at ! same "t1 ,i "k y to be ( too good fai? n to ackn[l$ge t !re is truly some?+ sup]human 9 a doctr9e :i* gives su* victories2 nei!r %all ,i insi/ on ! detail ( ! ev5ts :i* occurr$ dur+ ! six mon?s t ,alb]t yet pass$ by ! side ( ,flam9ia1 = !y w\ld h no value 9 my recital4 ,x w\ld n1 p]haps1 be )\t a c]ta9 int]e/ to foll[ ! developm5ts ( t affection1 s completely purifi$ f all e>?ly ?\ghts2 b1 z !re are c]ta9 situations :]e a look1 a smile1 takes ! proportions ( a v]itable ev5t1 x w\ld be necess>y = me to ent] into ! v slighte/ po9ts ( its psy*ology4 ,on le>n+ ! gravity ( ! w\nds ( 8 bro!r1 ,adolph ,%raun _h come 9 all ha/e to ! palace ,balbo4 ,antonia fail$ n to produce 9 8 he>t an impression z pr(\nd1 b m decisive1 ?an t :i* ,flam9ia _h already ar\s$ 9 8 bro!r4 ,z he knew t ! project ( an alliance w\ld be joyfully receiv$ 9 ! two families1 ,antonia 0 n long )\t kn[+ ! s5tim5ts :i* %e _h enk9dl$4 ,! frank1 impetu\s1 & lively "* ( ,adolph _h already pr$ispos$ h] 9 8 favor1 s t %e quickly %>$ ! same s5tim5ts & hopes z himself4 ,joy r5d]s u mu* m dispos$ to confid5ce ?an does sorr[1 & ,antonia did n fail to feel ! ne$ ( confid+ to "s "o bo? h] secret & h] love4 ,?is ne$ caus$ h] to seek 9 ,flam9ia = sympa?y1 & ! reciprocal confid5ce :i* 0 due betwe5 ^! two "y he>ts1 s well =m$ to love & su/a9 ea* o!r1 0 !n e/abli%$ = ev]4 ,! nave confid5ces ( h] si/] enlight5$ ,flam9ia on h] own s5tim5ts1 & c>ri$ into h] s\l ! light t %e _h b caught glimpses ( be=e4 #gi ,%e !n und]/ood ! nature ( h] de/9y1 &1 l ,alb]t1 %e accept$ x )\t a murmur4 ,%e took refuge 9 ! consol+ ?\ght t _! union w\ld be accompli%$ 9 ^? cele/ial regions :]e only reign ! et]nal laws ( love2 & ?us plac+ h] hopes ^u a sure basis1 %e resign$ h]self to h] cross1 pray$1 & await$ ,god's w4 ,i ?9k t ,i h q suffici5tly in/ruct$ y ^u ! /ate ( ^! noble he>ts2 s t ,i c arrive at t :i* is ! object ( my /ory--namely1 to tell y h[ x 0 t my great-gr&fa!r1 ,adolph1 saw1 "o day1 two s\ls4 ,! ,b>on ,fr$]ick c\ld n "h repress a deep sigh ( satisfaction1 & ! c\nt1 :o notic$ no?+1 cont9u$3 ,! h\rs1 :i* _! sep>ation 0 soon to r5d] s long1 pass$ away ) a cruel rapidity2 ! mom5t approa*$ :5 ,alb]t ought to leave ,flam9ia1 t he might report himself to ! ,gr&-,ma/] ,coron]1 :o 0 !n prep>+ an exp$ition direct$ aga9/ ,napoli ( ,r\mania1 & ! few days !y _h yet to pass toge!r made !m feel /ill m /rongly ! happ9ess t !y 7 ab\t to lose4 ,giovanni _h ann\nc$ 8 int5tion ( foll[+ 8 fri5d1 & _! approa*+ dep>ture _h ca/ a %ade ( sadness on t h\sehold1 lately s joy\s t x _h seem$ a ne/ hidd5 f ! _w1 :]e alone happ9ess dwelt4 ,"o ev5+1 :51 accord+ to _! usual cu/om1 !y 7 all gr\p$ toge!r "u ! %ad[ ( ! v9es1 ! conv]sation took a melan*oly =m1 & ! fe> t reign$ 9 all _! he>ts express$ itself by words3 !y 7 talk+ ( dea?4 ',come1 come1' said ! ,pr9ce ,balbo1 aft] a few m9utes ( discussion on ! subject1 ':at is ! use ( ^! fe>s8 ,:5 duty calls1 we mu/ obey1 n only by action1 b 9 he>t1 & )\t regret4 ,besides1' he add$1 '! h\r ( our dea? is n 9 our own *oice2 & none are protect$ f 8 /roke :5 ,god calls ! angel ( dea? & says1 ,/rike6 ,i h1 l y1 my *ildr51 incurr$ _m p]ils 9 my life1 & yet sixty w9t]s h :it5$ my head2 & h[ _m h ,i n se5 ( ^? ^: life 0 peaceable--( fl\ri%+ y\?--%elt]$ f all h>m1 :o h be5 /ruck d[n be=e _! "t6 ,let u confide 9 ,god1 my *ildr52 let u resign ourselves be=eh& to 8 w1 :i* is always j1 always good--s9ce he is et]nally j & good4' ,flam9ia1 cru%$ by ! grief ( a sep>ation t snat*$ away f h] = ev] ! half ( h] s\l1 _h1 until ^! la/ words ( h] fa!r1 rema9$ sil5t2 b !n1 lift+ h] head & lean+ slightly t[>d ,alb]t1 said to him 9 a tone t 0 audible only to him1 ',yes1 happily1 "o dies at e age4' ,alb]t und]/ood h] ?\ght4 ',d y n1 !n1 ?9k on ! grief ( ^? :o are left8' answ]$ he1 9 a voice ( l[ reproa*4 ',oh6' repli$ %e quickly1 'if ,i die fir/1 ,i w come to seek y4' ,be=e t cry1 utt]$ f ! he>t1 be=e t affection t felt itself suffici5tly /rong to vanqui% ! laws ( dea?1 suffici5tly holy t ,god %\ld grant x a miracle1 sil5ce c\ld be ! only answ]2 b a glance ( ,alb]t replac$ ) all ! eloqu5ce ( ! he>t ! p[]less ^w4 ,on ! morr[ ( t ev5+1 ,alb]t left ,flam9ia4 ,i w n pa9t to y _! affliction4 ,x 0 imm5se4 ,b a hope t is too ill kn[n 9 ?is1 our c5tury1 su/a9$ _! c\rage & en]gy4 #hj ,at ! mom5t ( an adieu s cruel to bo?1 n a te> fell f _! eyes4 ,t !y did fl[1 & mo/ abundantly & bitt]ly1 !re is no d\bt1 s9ce grief nev] loses its rights1 & human =ce1 ev5 ! be/ su/a9$1 has its b\nds2 b !y fl[$ 9 sil5ce & 9 secret1 & he :o 0 _! only witness treasur$ !m up4 ,! days1 ! mon?s1 ! seasons pass$ on2 ?ree times ! trees _h lo/ _! foliage & r5ew$ _! leaves2 ?ree times _h ! alley ( v9es se5 ! w9t]'s sun pass unob/ruct$ ?r\gh _! nak$ bran*es4 ,all _h *ang$ ar\nd !m2 _! he>ts alone *ang$ n4 ,! r5[n ( ,alb]t grew ea* day1 ) 8 valor1 m brilliant2 b x 0 no long] r5[n t he s\ght1 x 0 a dea? t w\ld h op5$ be=e him t wide field :]e impati5ce dies away be=e ! et]nity t !n comm5ces2 dea? t he desir$ because x w\ld h br\ght him ne> to ,flam9ia2 & dea? w\ld n li/5 to him4 ,9 va9 did he fl+ himself into ! ?icke/ ( ! dang]2 9 va9 did he accompli% prodigies t _h caus$ ! brave/ to turn pale2 he pass$ ?r\gh all ^! )\t ev5 a w\nd4 ,al?\gh he _h b v r>e occasion ( kn[+ :at pass$ 9 t *]i%$ spot :]e ev] re/$ 8 he>t & ?\ghts1 /ill he d\bt$ n b t ! t5d]ness ( ,flam9ia 0 z lively & z deep z 8 own2 nor did he deceive himself4 ,flam9ia _h refus$ "u diff]5t pretexts ! (f]s t _h be5 made to h]2 & not)/&+ all ! desire !y felt to e/abli% _! daught]1 ,i w\ld d>e to affirm t x 0 n )\t a c]ta9 secret joy t ! ,pr9ce & ,pr9cess ,balbo look$ ^u ! prospect be=e !m1 ! hope ( keep+ h] always by _! side4 ,d n blame !m too quickly1 my fri5d2 = x is a pa9ful ?\ght t dur+ tw5ty ye>s a *ild %\ld h be5 ! object ( y\r affection & ( y\r solicitude2 t %e %\ld h tak5 ! be/ & l>ge/ portion ( y\r life & he>t1 9 ord] t1 "o day1 a /rang]1 "u ! title ( a new-born love1 %\ld c>ry away f y all y\r joy2 leav+ y to see y\r mu*-lov$ *ild place h]self "u ano!r protection ?an ?9e1 & quit )\t regret ! h\se :]e %e leaves a blank t no?+ else c fill4 ,i _h almo/ =gott5 to tell y t ,antonia _h m>ri$ ,adolphus1 & liv$ happy & peaceful 9 ?is same ca/le :]e we n[ are f9i%+ our c>e]4 ,alb]t1 tir$ ( w>1 & fre$ f all fur!r illusions ( glory1 _h come1 aft] hav+ refus$ ! highe/ di/9ctions ( ! ord]1 to seek "s repose by 8 bro!r's side4 ,ambition 0 dead 9 him2 8 s\l1 t _h be5 s sev]ely prov$1 _h ne$ ( recollection & calm2 & he f\nd ?is by ! side ( him :om1 aft] ,flam9ia1 he lov$ ! be/ 9 ! _w4 ,moreov]1 al?\gh he himself sc>cely ev] spoke ( h] :o fill$ all 8 ?\ghts1 /ill he felt a lively pleasure 9 he>+ h] spok5 ( s frequ5tly by 8 bro!r & 8 wife4 ,alb]t 0 !n calm & compos$2 he m>*$ c\rage\sly =w>d 9 life z does ! travell] :o climbs ) difficulty ! b>e pa?s ( a desolate & arid m\nta91 sure to f9d 9 ! ev5+ ! joys ( ! fireside & ! %elt] ( 8 fri5ds' ro(4 ,?ree ye>s1 day by day1 _h pass$ away s9ce ! mom5t :5 ,alb]t _h quitt$ ! palace ,balbo4 ,x 0 ! ev5+2 ,adolphus & ,antonia 7 by 8 side1 9 ?is same saloon :]e we n[ are4 #ha ,contr>y to 8 cu/om1 ,alb]t1 = :om t anniv]s>y 0 a day ( m\rn+1 felt 8 s\l full ( a p5etrat+ & s]5e joy1 :5 t5 o'clock s\nd$ f t same clock t-- ,"h ! recital ( ! c\nt 0 int]rupt$ by ! s\nd ( ! clock :i* res\nd$ 9 ! va/ ap>tm5t4 ,"o w\ld h said t x affirm$ ! words ( ! c\nt1 by repeat+ ! t5 /rokes :i* x _h caus$ to be he>d at ! mom5t ( :i* he 0 speak+4 ,t metallic s\nd seem$ to h 9 x an unusual p[]2 !re 0 some?+ solemn 9 its grave sl[ness2 9 ! deep noise ( ! :eel drawn r\nd by ! fall+ lead1 :i* accompani$ ) its heavy base ! m pi]c+ s\nd t trav]s$ ! ?ick oak5 case4 ,bo? ! c\nt & 8 fri5ds 7 seiz$ by an impression :i* !y did n seek to dispel or resi/4 ,bo? in/9ctively uncov]$ _! heads1 & :ile ! c\nt wait$ almo/ respectfully until its la/ vibrations 7 lo/ 9 sil5ce1 ! b>on1 m mov$ ?an p]haps he 0 will+ to %[1 plac$ on ! table 8 pipe1 yet fully *>g$ ) tobacco1 &1 an ev5t t c]ta9ly _h n occurr$ ) him once 9 t5 ye>s1 he left t insep>able companion ( 8 leisure h\rs1 )\t t\*+ ! tank>d t 9 va9 (f]$ to 8 gaze its br[n & gold5 t9ts4 ,t5 o'clock _h !n s\nd$1 cont9u$ ! c\nt1 & t be+ ! mom5t :5 ea* 0 accu/om$ to sep>ate = _! b$rooms1 ,adolphus _h got up & look$ at 8 bro!r1 :o _h be5 = "s "t previ\s motionless & 9 an attitude ( pr(\nd att5tion1 resembl+ a man :o foll[s ) 8 e> ! sc>cely p]ceptible s\nds ( "s di/ant h>mony4 ,all is f9i%$1' murmur$ ,alb]t at ! mom5t :5 ! clock _h f9i%$ /rik+2 &1 plac+ 8 h& on 8 bro!r's arm1 ',rema9 "h1' said he1 & turn+ t[>d ,antonia3 ',p>don me1 my si/]1 if ,i ?us deta9 ,adolphus2 b ,i h ne$ ( him to-night1 & to-morr[ x w be too late4' ',y fright5 me1' answ]$ ,antonia2 ':at !n is go+ to happ58' ',y w "k v soon1' repli$ ,alb]t4 ',poor si/]6 y\r eyes w %$ _m a te>2 b !y w be dri$ by ! ?\ght t ! motive :i* causes !m to fl[ assures = ev] ! happ9ess ( ^? :o are de> to y4' ,he !n kiss$ h] =ehead1 &1 foll[$ by ,adolphus1 w5t to 8 own room1 ! same :i* is n[ y\rs1 de> ,fr$]ick4 ',:at is ! matt] ) y8' ask$ ,adolphus ( 8 bro!r1 z soon z !y 7 alone4 ',i am sad & happy at ! same "t2 sad because ,i am go+ to leave y alone = a %ort "t2 b v happy because ,i g at la/ to rejo9 h]1 & = ?is "t n aga9 to leave h]6' ',expla9 y\rself2 :y d y leave u8' ',li/53 = t y may und]/& :at is go+ to happ5 "h ?is night1 x is necess>y t y %\ld "k :at ,i h felt & suff]$ dur+ ! pa/ ?ree ye>s4' ,alb]t !n told him ( all t :i* ,i h j describ$ to y2 ( 8 love = ,flam9ia1 ( 8 /ruggles1 & ( 8 victory1 ov] himself2 & ,adolphus1 :o already knew ?r\gh 8 wife ( :at ,flam9ia _h suff]$1 saw ) a/oni%m5t t all :i* _h be5 felt by ! "o _h also be5 by ! o!r1 9 ! same degree & at ! same mom5t4 ,nev] _h ! mo/ pr(\nd sympa?y e/abli%$ betwe5 two be+s a m complete id5tity ( s5sations & ?\ghts2 ne> or sep>at$1 _! two exi/5ces _h =m$ b a s+le life1 z _! two s\ls seem$ to =m b a s+le s\l4 ,:5 ,alb]t _h f9i%$ 8 recital1 he add$3 #hb ',if ,i die fir/1 ,i %all come to seek y6 ,flam9ia _h told me1 & n[ ,flam9ia has j di$4 ,d n ask me h[ ,i "k x1 = ,i am ignorant myself ( ! reason2 b ,i d "k x4 ,i h foll[$1 mom5t by mom5t1 ! progress ( h] dea?2 at ! end ,i h felt h] die1 & n[ ,i await h] com+4 ,9 a few in/ants m %e w be "h1 & we %all dep>t toge!r = t bless$ home :]e no?+ c aga9 oppose itself to our et]nal union4 ,x seems to me t already ,i feel my s\l dis5gag+ itself f its bonds2 ,i no long] reg>d ! suff]+s t ,i h endur$1 except ) t s5tim5t ( ?ankfulness & joy :i* "o feels at ! recollection ( p]ils t h be5 ov]come2 my pa/ suff]+s h no long] _! /+1 my te>s no long] _! bitt]ness6 ,at ! solemn mom5t :5 ,i am ab\t to quit a life t has be5 mo/ pa9ful 9 its trials = ! happy life ( triumph1 ,i h wi%$ to h y by my side1 t ,i might say to y my la/ f>ewell 9 ?is _w1 & press = a la/ "t y\r h& be=e go+ to await y 9 et]nity4' ,i leave y to ?9k1 my de> ,fr$]ick1 :at mu/ h be5 ! a/oni%m5t ( ,adolphus at receiv+ ?is /range confid5ce4 ',i h too mu* confid5ce 9 ! firmness ( y\r reason1' he answ]$ to 8 bro!r aft] a %ort sil5ce1 'to believe t x has become weak5$1 7 x only = a mom5t2 b d y n fe> to h be5 ! victim ( "s m5tal illusion1 & to h tak5 = a reality t :i* 0 9 reality only ! dream ( y\r he>t exalt$ by sadness & solitude8' ',i und]/& y\r incr$ulity1' answ]$ ,alb]t1 '= ,i h myself %>$ 9 x4 ,ea* "t t ! recollection ( t promise pres5t$ itself to my memory1 my reason revolt$ aga9/ su* an evid5t impossibility2 ! s\l _c aga9 appe> 9 ?is _w once t x has quitt$ x1 ?\ght ,i1 & yet ,i c\nt$ on ! premise ev5 :ile ,i disbeliev$ its possibility4 ,only an h\r ago1 ,i yet d\bt$1 b n[ t d\bt has pass$ away1 s9ce ! mom5t :5 h] dy+ voice s\nd$ 9 my e>s utt]+ h] la/ words3 ,y h wait$ = me2 ,i am "h6 ,!n ,i und]/ood t x 0 n m]ely ! /rong desire ( a s\l ov]excit$ by ! desire to be reunit$ to ! second half ( itself t ,i felt1 b t x 0 really a my/]i\s w>n+2 & ! accompli%m5t ( a promise t ,god himself _h bless$1 & t he p]mitt$ to be fulfill$4' ',b h[ to expla9 ?is miracle8' ',i am unable to expla9 x2 ,i tell y :at is ab\t to happ51 t is all t ,i c d4 ,9 a few m9utes ,flam9ia w be pres5t1 & 9 see+ h] y w believe me4 ,= ! re/1' add$ he1 aft] a mom5t's pause1 'all is a my/]y 9 ?is _w1 b ! gr& end ( all is suffici5t to enlight5 our pa?s4 ,d y ?9k t x w\ld be m easy = me to tell y h[ x is t1 not)/&+ we h nev] said any?+ to ea* o!r t c\ld divulge ! mutual /ate ( our he>ts1 we h yet1 9 spite ( our sep>ation1 liv$ by ! same life & ! same love8 ,t y _c believe me1 ,i "k1 b only wait a little "t1 & y %all see4' #hc ,9 tru?1 ,adolphus did n believe1 al?\gh ! evid5tly pr(\nd conviction ( ,alb]t %ook 8 m9d & caus$ 9 him an impression t he w\ld gladly h %ak5 (f1 s contr>y to reason did x seem to him4 ',let u make ha/e1 ! "t presses1' said ,alb]t4 ,he !n arrang$ 9 ord]1 ) rapidity & calm1 sev]al important affairs ) :i* he 0 *>g$1 relat+ to ! pr9cipal comm&]ies ( ,g]many2 !n1 kneel+ d[n1 he (f]$ up a %ort pray]2 sc>cely _h he f9i%$1 ?an1 ris+ up quickly1 he seiz$ ! h& ( 8 bro!r1 & cri$3 ',look6 %e is come4' ,adolphus turn$ r\nd1 & saw ,flam9ia /&+ by ! side ( ,alb]t4 ,y :o h lo/ "s "o :o 0 de> to y1 ,fr$]ick1 y h rem>k$ t1 at ! mom5t :5 ! la/ sigh escapes & be=e ! "w ( decay beg9s1 ! face is possess$ ( a calm beauty1 sup]natural & indef9able 9 its expression1 t inspires an aw$ respect = t n[ lifeless =m :i* j a mom5t be=e conta9$ a s\l4 ,su* look$ ,flam9ia2 h] figure1 surr\nd$ by a lum9\s atmosph]e1 _h receiv$ f immortality an augu/ expression4 ,x 0 p]fectly ! =m ( ,flam9ia1 su* z ,adolphus _h kn[n h]1 b x 0 no long] ! creature t is imp]fect1 & subject to ! attacks ( "t & life4 ,x 0 ! be+ imp]i%able :o1 com+ =? victori\s f h] _m trials1 bore 9 h] all ! spl5dors ( h] glory4 ,h] beauty 0 n t :i* *>ms by ! uni=mity1 m or less complete1 ( its l9eam5ts2 no1 x 0 ! cele/ial beauty ^: type is grav5 9 ourselves2 ! beauty a s+le ray ( :i* suffices to illum9ate ! face t hides a pure s\l3 ?is 0 ! beauty sublime t envelop$ h] ) its div9e w+s1 & transfigur$ h] face :ile *ang+ its l9eam5ts4 ,adolphus b5t 8 knee be=e ! vision4 ',_h ,i n told y t %e w\ld come8' said ,alb]t to 8 bro!r4 ',yes6' repli$ a h>moni\s voice1 :i* issu$ f ! !n incorruptible lips ( ,flam9ia4 ',yes6 our love 0 too pure n to m]it its recomp5se4 ,god has p]mitt$ x2 y wait$ = me1 & ,i am come4' ,%e b5t slightly t[>d him to :om %e at l5g? 0 ab\t to be unit$1 &1 surr\nd+ him ) h] arms1 %e drew 8 face clos] to h] own1 t gleam$ ) a cele/ial joy4 ,beh9d !m1 & contemplat+ !m1 /ood ,dea?1 n "u ! =m ( fle%less skeleton1 b z a radiant angel :o *anges bitt]ness into joy1 & te>s into smiles4 ,8 beautiful face bore ! impress ( grave maje/y r ?an ( sev]ity1 s(t5$ by t inf9ite m]cy :i* gives hope to rep5tance4 ,! m]cy & goodness ( ! ,ma/] :o s5ds him %one 9 8 look1 :i* is s sweet to ! contemplation ( ! s\l we>i$ by ! pa9ful j\rney ( life4 ,! h\r 0 come6 ,at ! mom5t :5 ,flam9ia1 9 a mann]1 took possession ( ,alb]t1 ! angel ( ,dea? drew ne> him1 & :ile ) "o h& he t\*$ 8 %\ld]1 ) ! o!r he po9t$ t[>d heav54 ,alb]t's body fell back into ! arm-*air1 :i*1 liv+1 he _h j occupi$2 & :5 ,adolphus1 drawn =w>d by an in/9ctive motion1 ran to support him1 he saw by ! side ( ,flam9ia ! =m ( 8 bro!r1 t %one =? surr\nd$ by ! same glory & ! same joy4 ,he pass$ ! re/ ( ! night by ! side ( 8 bro!r's body1 & wept1 ?\gh n ov] him :om he _h j se5 pass away to heav54 ,! man :om fai? su/a9s ) its sweet consolation weeps n ! loss ( 8 fri5d1 b 8 abs5ce4 #hd ,he wept because e sep>ation1 ev5 ! %orte/1 is a grief1 & 8 te>s 7 dri$ by ! c]ta9ty t ,alb]t 0 9 ! possession ( a happ9ess t c\ld nei!r dim9i% nor fade1 & :i* he hop$ "o day to %>e ) him4 ,! c\nt "h left (f 8 /ory4 ,! b>on _h li/5$ to him ) a su/a9$ att5tion1 & al?\gh he pres]v$ 8 imp]turbable calm1 yet ! recital _h s mu* mov$ him1 t he rema9$ sil5t2 & ! c\nt1 aft] wait+ a few m9utes1 cont9u$3 ,su* is ! hi/ory ( my great-uncle ,alb]t1 z x has be5 transmitt$ to u by him :o 0 ! witness4 ,d y f9d x1 !n1 surpris+ t ! fai? %\ld be h]$it>y 9 a family :]e su* facts happ58 ,:at c y reply to ?is hi/ory8 ,no?+1 answ]$ ! b>on1 except t1 to draw ! consolations :i* x conta9s1 "o mu/ h ! fai?2 & besides1 9 suppos+ t ,god1 if he exi/s1 int]f]es ) ! affairs ( ?is _w1 he is unju/1 s9ce he refuses to me ! consolation t he gives to o!rs4 ,h y ev] ask$ him = x8 answ]$ ! c\nt ) a fri5dly sev]ity4 ,h y n1 on ! contr>y1 repuls$ by a det]m9$ ob/9acy ! solicitations ( div9e ,provid5ce8 ,p>don me1 my fri5d1 if ,i awak5 a pa9ful recollection = y1 b h y n ev5 resi/$ ! awful voice ( ,dea?8 ,:at is ! good ( my ask+8 repli$ ! b>on1 elud+ ! second "p ( 8 fri5d's dem&4 ,if fai? be necess>y1 ,god owes x to me )\t ask+ him4 ,food is also necess>y1 answ]$ ! c\nt1 & does man f9d x ready = him1 unless he works8 ,no1 no1 my fri5d2 labor & pray]1 su* is ! de/9y ( man ^u ! e>?4 ,8 mat]ial life is b\ght by ! sweat ( 8 br[1 z 8 spiritual life is ! price ( 8 ef=ts4 ',seek1 & y %all f9d2 knock1 & x %all be op5$ unto y1' has said ! div9e ,ma/]4 ,ah6 if y _h ev] knelt be=e t ,god :om y blaspheme2 if y _h ) p]sev]ance expos$ to him y\r d\bts1 y\r mis]ies1 y w\ld h kn[n t he nev] leaves )\t help ! s\l t s9c]ely implores him2 y w\ld h kn[n t he nev] hides himself f him :o seeks him ) a humble & contrite _s & a pure he>t4 ,pray1 my de> ,fr$]ick1 pray1 ,i tell y1 & y w feel t he is ne> to y2 t 8 arms are op5 to receive y1 & 8 h&s ready to %$ on y all ! sweet consolations & hopes ) :i* !y are fill$6 ,x 0 n[ late2 ! two fri5ds !n sep>at$1 &1 )\t d\bt1 ! c\nt t night 9 8 pray]s dem&$ ) m ?an usual f]vor ! conv]sion ( ! man he s w>mly lov$4 ,ord9>ily1 on ga9+ 8 room1 ! b>on 0 accu/om$ to in/all himself z com=tably z possible 9 an imm5se old lea!rn arm-*air1 ^: age dat$ back = two or ?ree c5turies1 :i* he plac$ 9 front ( ! wood fire t burnt noisily on ! he>?2 & aft] hav+ aga9 lit 8 pipe1 t insep>able fri5d1 he us$ to take a book1 &1 /ret*+ out 8 feet ^u ! copp] fire-dogs1 wait until he felt sleepy1 :i* inv>iably occurr$ z soon z !re rema9$ no m tobacco 9 ! sculptur$ wood5 b[l ( 8 pipe4 #he ,b on t night he ca/ ar\nd him _m a curi\s look1 & exam9$ ) z great an att5tion1 "o aft] ! o!r1 ! sev]al pieces ( antique furniture ) :i* 8 room 0 furni%$1 z ?\gh x _h be5 ! fir/ "t t he _h se5 !m2 !n1 9 place ( sitt+ d[n 9 t anci5t arm-*air1 :i* he pref]r$ to all ! o!rs on acc\nt ( its l>ge dim5sions1 he plac$ x 9 front ( him1 &1 sitt+ d[n on ! mo/ mod]n ( 8 *airs1 he reg>d$ ) a que/ion+ curiosity & c]ta9 respect t mute witness ( an adv5ture1 ! m]e recital ( :i* _h caus$ s great a tr\ble 9 8 m9d2 seem+ to ask ( x a solution to 8 d\bts & fe>s4 ,aft] a long & sil5t contemplation1 he let fall 8 =ehead on 8 h&s1 &1 plung+ 8 f+]s among 8 hair1 :it5$ r by sorr[ ?an by age1 began to m$itate pr(\ndly4 ,! agitation ( 8 m9d 0 s great1 & ! fl[ ( 8 ?\ghts s rapid1 t1 )\t kn[+ x1 he began to ?9k al\d4 ,if :at he said 7 true1 if !re 7 some?+ )9 u t outliv$ our bodies1 ,i c\ld see !e aga91 my de>e/ & be/-belov$ ,g]trude2 & ,i c\ld aga9 f9d ! joys ( our too %ort union1 & ?is "t = always1 un*ang+ & et]nal6 ,& ought ,i to repulse t ?\ght ?r\gh ! *ildi% fe> ( ab&on+ myself to a false hope8 ,( ^! two ideas 7 x n bett] to foll[ t :i* gives u consolation & causes u to live1 r ?an t :i* ?ick5s ar\nd u ! already too pr(\nd %ades ( life1 & *anges our grief into despair8 ,:at consolation h ,i ev] f\nd 9 ! reason ( :i* ,i am s pr\d8 ,none6 ,if pride has )held my te>s be=e m51 yet s9ce tw5ty ye>s !y h fl[$ on 9 sil5ce )\t _! s\rce be+ yet dry4 ,if ,i h blu%$ to let my weakness be se5 by m51 h ,i n felt x a ?\s& times )9 me1 implacable1 & t]rible1 be=e my va9 revolts aga9/ a de/9y t broke my he>t & t ,i 0 =c$ to submit to8 ,:5 beside h] dea?-b$ ,i felt b a /]ile despair1 :5 my w1 my love1 7 p[]less to reta9 = a s+le mom5t ! la/ sigh ( t life t ,i w\ld h be5 will+ to prolong at ! exp5se ( my own days1 :at h ,i be5 able to d8 ,no?+6 n ev5 to die6 ,s9ce tw5ty ye>s ,i implore ! oblivion :i* flies be=e me6 ,s9ce tw5ty ye>s1 ,i recoil be=e ! ?\ght to precipitate myself !re96 ,is x fe> t h9d]s me8 ,no6 ,i h fac$ ! p]il :5 my duty dem&$ x1 & ,i w\ld d x aga93 ,i h too (t5 se5 ,dea? to fe> him4 ,! reason is t a secret voice speaks )9 me high] ?an all ! sophisms ( my grief1 & tells me t ,i h n ! "r to de/roy ! life :i* ,i did n give myself4 ,yet if !re is no?+ beyond ! tomb1 :y %\ld ,i fe> x1 & :at h ,i to dread f oblivion8 ,h ,i n ! mo/ absolute "r on myself1 s9ce all ends b 9 a dreamless sleep8 ,is x really a sleep8 ,ah6 !re is ! tru?1 bo? = me & = all o!rs2 x is t 9 secret ,i d\bt z (t5 ( t oblivion t ,i s l\dly affirm1 z ,i d :e!r t ,god does n exi/ ^: exi/5ce ,i s d5y4 ,yet aga91 if ,god is b an imag9>y be+1 & if immortality is b a dream1 :at does "o risk to h ?\ght ! contr>y8 ,"o w\ld h liv$ =tifi$ aga9/ ! ills & crosses ( ?is life by a ?\ght t sweet5s1 ev5 ! t]rors ( dea?4 ,"o w\ld n ev5 feel ! loss ( t hope1 s9ce ! h\r ( our dis5*antm5t w\ld be ! "o :i* %\ld plunge u into ! deep repose ( oblivion6 ,! lie1 !n1 w\ld h done t :i* ! tru? c\ld n d2 x w\ld h giv5 u happ9ess4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 immortality is n a va9 *im]a1 b a reality1 is x n a t]rible responsibility to h %ut "o's he>t to its evid5ce & to h misund]/ood ! sublime ,au?or ( all ?+s8 #hf ,yes6 9 tru? t]rible2 = 9 t mom5t\s "q1 d\bt is n to be p]mitt$4 ,on all human que/ions indiff]5ce foll[s unc]ta9ty1 b "h indiff]5ce is itself a fault--"o mu/ d5y or believe4 ,b h[ am ,i to believe8 ,:5 f e>lie/ *ildhood y h _h y\r aspirations brok5 or w\nd$ "u ! repeat$ bl[s ( contempt1 & :5 y h be5 taught b to laugh at 9 o!rs t fai? ^: abs5ce y %all "o day s bitt]ly deplore1 h[ !n to believe8 ,pray1 he told me4 ,pray6 ,c ,i pray8 ,oh6 happy are !y :o1 arriv$ l me at t sad epo* 9 life :5 "o drags pa9fully along ! burd5 ( "o's worn-out days1 h n to curse ^? :o held !m away f t s\rce ( /r5g? & consolation6 ,yes1 !y are happy :om a pi\s "m taught f _! cradle to b5d ! knees & jo9 ! h&s 9 pray]6 ,g]trude also1 %e too pray$2 & _m a "t h ,i felt myself t\*$ 9 see+ h] b5d h] head be=e ! ,god ( :om %e ask$ = me ! light ( ! fai?4 ,h[ _m times h ,i n felt ! desire to %>e h] belief1 & to kneel d[n l h] & say3 ',my de> ,g]trude1 !re exi/s no place on ?is e>? :]e we ought to be sep>at$2 !re is n a ?\ght1 a belief1 an affection1 t ought n to be %>$ by u4 ,:atev] may be ! de/9y t awaits u aft] ! de/ruction ( our be+1 :e!r x be oblivion or immortality1 ,i wi% to %>e x ) y4 ,let y\r convictions be m9e also1 ev5 z y\r life is m9e4 ,aft] hav+ giv5 me happ9ess 9 ?is _w1 %[ me ! road t leads to t et]nity ,i wi% to believe 9 because y believe2 make me to "k t ,god :om ,i wi% to love because y love him6' ,b alas6 held by a false %ame1 ,i resi/$ t voice :i* spoke 9 ! dep? ( my he>t1 & :i*1 p]haps1 0 ! voice ( ,god3 = is x n possible t su* feel+s z ^! are ^? by :i* ,provid5ce calls u to ! tru?8 ,& ,i1 h[ h ,i respond$ to t voice8 ,:y1 by rally+ h] on h] belief4 ,i caus$ h] te>s to fl[1 ! only ones mo/ c]ta9ly1 b today !y fall heavily ^u my he>t4 ,& n[ fri5d%ip speaks to me ?is day ! v same language t did ( old h] love4 ,%all ,i yet rema9 deaf8 ,ought ,i to c$e to or resi/ ! voice :i* n[ speaks to me8 ,o ,alb]t6 y on :om 0 accompli%$1 9 ! room :]e ,i am1 & 9 t arm-*air t ,i n[ look on1 s incompreh5sible a my/]y1 _c y come 9 aid ( ! mo/ fai?ful fri5d t y\r family ev] _h6 ,& ! excell5t b>on1 lett+ himself be c>ri$ away by 8 emotion1 f\nd himself1 )\t kn[+ h[1 on 8 knees be=e t *air 9 ^: arms ,alb]t _h di$2 & ! head cov]$ by 8 h&s1 & ! he>t fill$ ) ! ?ir/ = tru?1 he pray$3 ,o my ,god6 pray$ he1 if x is true t y are n a va9 creation ( ! weakness or ( ! pride ( man2 if x is true t y cont9ue to wat* ) solicitude ov] ! creature :o has issu$ f y\r h&s1 y w n see )\t pity ! he>t full ( tr\ble t ,i lift up t[>d y4 ,l$ a/ray by ! habits begun 9 *ildhood1 ,i h p]haps foll[$ error ?9k+ to foll[ ! tru?2 b ,i h done x 9 all s9c]ity & ?r\gh love ( ! tru?4 ,if ,i am deceiv$1 ,o ,god6 enlight5 my trembl+ s\l1 dissipate ! d\bt :i* is cru%+ me1 & draw t[>d y ! s\l t seeks y & desires y6 ,& y1 ,g]trude1 de> companion too soon lo/ to me1 if y see my regrets t "t _c ext+ui%2 & ! te>s t y\r memory co/s me1 ask ( y\r ,god t he make himself kn[n to me2 ask him t ,i may adore him z y ador$ him1 &1 above all1 ask him t ,i may aga9 be unit$ to y4 #hg ,8 voice di$ away !n1 & yet 8 pray] cont9u$4 ,8 s\l1 ov]excit$ ) ! emotions ( t night1 p\r$ itself out be=e ,god )\t foll[+ any l9e ( ?\ght4 ,x 0 an imm5se lift+ up ( 8 :ole be+ t[>d ! tru?--an ard5t ?ir/ = hope2 x 0 ! tw5ty ye>s ( a mute despair t resum$ itself into a supreme cry2 x 0 ! he>t1 s pure & s good1 ( t wor?y man1 t op5$ itself completely & m\nt$ full ( desires & te>s1 c>ry+ ) x ! mo/ f]v5t pray] t _h ev] rea*$ ! immovable ?rone ( ! ,et]nal4 ,at la/ ! b>on arose1 b 9 place ( at once lay+ himself d[n to sleep on ! b$1 ^: s(t pill[s va9ly invit$ him to repose1 he retook 8 =m] position & began to reflect4 ,! ?\ghts press$ s tumultu\sly 9 8 bra91 ord9>ily s calm1 & succe$$ ea* o!r ) s great a rapidity1 t he c\ld b vaguely seize !m4 ,8 eyes1 fix$ ^u ! light flame t yet burn$ on ! he>?1 saw n t !y expir$ "o by "o4 ,! la/ play$ yet "s "t on ! log cov]$ ) :ite a%es1 disappe>+ = a mom5t to aga9 reappe> 9 ano!r spot2 at l5g? x di$ out4 ,! lamp burn$ ) a r$d5$ gl>e ?r\gh its lack ( oil1 & yet ! b>on did n move4 ,h[ long he _h re/$ 9 t /ate ( semi-sleep is :at he nev] knew himself1 :5 to ! dy+ gleam ( ! lamp succe$$ s brilliant a light t ! b>on always ma9ta9$ t "o s int5se _h nev] be=e %one on mortal eyes2 at ! same "t brilliant & s(t1 x p5etrat$ all objects )\t caus+ !m to ca/ any %ad[1 &1 z x 71 dr[n$ !m 9 a sea ( light4 ,! b>on lift$ up 8 head at ?is unexpect$ brilliancy2 he wi%$ to speak1 & 8 voice expir$ on 8 op5$ lips2 b he di/9ctly he>d ^! words3 ,fr$]ick1 ! pray]s ( y\r belov$ ,g]trude h be5 at l5g? he>d2 ! /raight-=w>dness & simplicity ( y\r he>t h f\nd grace be=e ! ?rone ( ! ,et]nal ,ma/]2 he smiles on ^? :o imitate him4 ,he loves ^? :o1 l him1 be> _! cross ) c\rage1 & dr9k )\t feebl5ess ! *alice ( bitt]ness t is (f]$ to all1 )\t exception1 9 ?is life ( probation4 ,if x has be5 t1 until n[1 y h re/$ deaf to ! w>n+s t div9e ,provid5ce s5t y1 at lea/ y h li/5$ ) docility to t :i* 0 conta9$ 9 ! recital ( y\r fri5d1 & x 0 n )\t a reason t he 0 inspir$ to tell ! true leg5d ( ! loves ( ,flam9ia & ,alb]t to y ?is night4 ,! fai? t /r5g!ns ! s\l 9 ! mid/ ( ! calamities ( life desc5d$ into y\r he>t & p5etrat$ x ) its salut>y ardors at ! mom5t :51 break+ y\r pride be=e y\r w1 y h knelt d[n be=e ! ,"l & ask$ ( him ! light2 y c\ld n rema9 always out ( ! tru?2 y1 ! devot$ fri5d1 ! fai?ful husb&2 y ^: entire life has be5 b a long rese>* = ! r>e/ virtues1 & :o feel1 beat+ 9 y\r brea/ z noble & lov+ a he>t z ev] animat$ a human =m4 ,"h ! brilliant light fad$ sl[ly away4 ,! lamp 0 ext+ui%$1 & ! black5$1 logs gave =? no glimm] ( light4 #hh ,! b>on ga9$1 by feel+ 8 way1 8 b$1 & laid himself on x1 feel+ himself full ( an unkn[n joy1 und]/&+ ! duties ( a ,*ri/ian1 & resolv$ to p]=m !m4 ,he fell asleep 9 ?9k+ ( t happy day :5 %\ld be re/or$ to him t wife :om he _h nev] ceas$ to love4 ,! next morn+1 :5 he desc5d$ to ! saloon :]e all ! family 7 unit$1 he embrac$ 8 fri5d's wife1 & kiss$1 "o aft] ano!r1 h] *ildr5 & gr&*ildr51 :o 7 all !re t day at ! ca/le2 & all ?is ) a demon/ration ( joy s contr>y to 8 usual phlegmatic mann] t x = ! mom5t gave cause to fe> = 8 reason2 & !n1 approa*+ ! c\nt1 :o reg>d$ him ) /upefaction1 he embrac$ him vigor\sly1 & said to him1 :ile wip+ 8 eyes1 humid ) te>s ( joy3 ,ah6 y are "r1 my de> fri5d2 ,i %all see aga9 my ,g]trude6 ---------- ,talleyr&1 by ,lytton ,bulw]4,footnote #ah ,footnote #ah3 ,hi/orical ,*>act]s4 ,by ,sir ,h5ry ,lytton ,bulw]1 ,g4,c4,b4 ,two vols41 #hvo4 ,ri*>d ,b5tley1 ,new ,burl+ton /reet1 ,london4 #ahfh4 ,sir ,h5ry ,lytton ,bulw] has pres5t$ ! public ) sket*es ( "s em95t m51 & has done 8 "w well4 ,x is n a s]ies ( biographies1 b r a f9i%$ outl9e ( _! prom95t *>act]i/ics & ( _! a*ievem5ts4 ,9 advance ( ! memoirs ( ,talleyr&1 writt5 by himself1 & n[ 9 c\rse ( publication1 ?is illu/ri\s ,fr5*man is plac$ among ! numb]1 & 9 a new light4 ,he is no long] ! inscrutable be+ he appe>$ to 8 contempor>ies1 & z he has appe>$ s9ce to _! *ildr54 ,8 "n has be5 intimately associat$ ) ! great m5 & ev5ts ( ! la/ ye>s ( ! un=tunate reign ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 ( ,france1 ne> ! close ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,/ill m prom95tly is ! memory ( him associat$ ) ! convocation ( ! ,/ates-,g5]al & ! ,national ,assembly4 ,by accid5t1 he _h ! good =tune to be free f ! odium atta*$ to ! ,legislative ,assembly & ! atrocities ( ! ,national ,conv5tion1 ) ! att5dant horrors ( ! ,committee ( ,public ,safety 9 ! ,reign ( ,t]ror4 ,he fl$ f ,france 9 all ha/e z an migr1 & yet 0 lucky to avoid be+ class$ ) ! ari/ocrats & s-call$ enemies ( 8 c\ntry4 ,he 0 prom95t 9 ! ,revolution1 )\t ! /a9 ( a regicide2 he 0 a fugitive ) ! loyal cr[d1 )\t be+ /igmatiz$ z a royali/4 ,no am\nt ( human =esight c\ld h s]v$ him z a safe guide to %un ! dang]s :i* beset 8 fame & security on ei!r side4 ,8 success 0 altoge!r =tuit\s2 b 8 fri5ds attribute all to 8 sup]ior sagacity & wisdom1 :ile 8 enemies ascribe x to 8 rem>kable cunn+ & prud5ce4 ,:5 ! days ( dang] & ( blood pass$ by1 ,talleyr& return$ to ,p>is ) pre/ige1 & 0 imm$iately employ$ by ! ,directory4 ,:5 t w5t d[n1 he float$ to ! surface ) ,bonap>te 9 ! consulate & empire4 ,^u ! fall ( ! empire1 ) ! entrance ( ! alli$ armies into ! capital he 0 _! tru/$ c\nsellor4 #hi ,! re/oration ( ! ,b\rbons 0 at once accompani$ ) ! re/oration ( ,talleyr& to ! =eign (fice & to ! head ( affairs4 ,:5 ! ,b\rbons 7 expell$1 9 #ahcj1 he 0 aga9 re9/at$ by ,l\is ,philippe1 "u ^: reign he di$ 9 #ahch1 ) t sov]eign an att5dant at 8 dea?-b$4 ,9 tru?1 ! same good =tune set 9 8 favor :5 he 0 a boy3 b x came 9 ! guise ( a calamity4 ,neglect on ! "p ( a nurse result$ 9 a slight lam5ess = life 9 8 legs1 & 9 consequ5ce a family c\ncil 0 conv5$ :]e9 x 0 decid$ he %\ld be depriv$ ( 8 rights ( primog5iture1 ( 8 high /ation z a nobleman1 & ( ! weal? :i* w5t ) !m4 ,8 y\ng] bro!r 0 sub/itut$1 :ile ,talleyr& 0 de/9$ = ! prie/hood4 ,b su* is ! wayw>dness ( fate t 9 a few ye>s nobility 0 aboli%$1 its privileges de/roy$1 & ! nobles !mselves 7 9 exile1 ) 8 impov]i%$ bro!r among ! numb]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,talleyr& ent]$ ! *ur*2 he became a bi%op1 & 9 turn he des]t$ ! *ur* & 8 diocese :5 ! road to great] worldly success & di/9ction l$ ?r\gh des]tion4 ,he 0 excommunicat$ by ! pope :5 papal c5sure & condemnation c\ld only1 = ! "t be+1 add to 8 popul>ity4 ,subsequ5tly ^! 7 remov$ by ! pontiff1 :5 a brief to t end1 ) ! turn+ tide ( ev5ts1 0 all t 0 want+ to increase 8 pre/ige4 ,to :at peculi> tal5t1 quality1 or skill he 0 indebt$ = 8 happy c>e] has always be5 an op5 "q2 nor is x yet completely solv$4 ,sir ,h5ry does n und]take to discuss ! problem1 al?\gh he mu/ ent]ta9 an op9ion on ! subject4 ,b x is mu* bett] t he decl9$ to prop\nd any !ory ( 8 own2 = 9 do+ s ! read]s ( 8 book w\ld h misgiv+s t he tamp]$ ) "s facts1 or suppress$ o!rs altoge!r1 9 ord] to ma9ta9 x4 ,8 "w 9 its pres5t %ape invites confid5ce1 imports great] accuracy1 & imp>ts additional satisfaction4 ,no "o c di/ru/ 8 hi/orical integrity1 or d\bt ! ext5t ( 8 inquiries & rese>* 9 an hone/ endeavor to enlight5 ! public1 or fail to appreciate ! in=mation obta9$4 ,x is a decid$ accession to biographical lit]ature4 ,nor are ! op9ions ( ! au?or1 int]sp]s$ ?r\gh ! pages1 ! lea/ int]e/+ "p ( 8 p]=mance2 = ^! op9ions on ! mighty m5 & ev5ts ( ! p]iod to :i* he ref]s may be tak5 z a reflex ( ! s5tim5ts n[ curr5t 9 ! cont95tal diplomatic corps1 ( :i* ,sir ,h5ry is an old & con/ant memb] ( high /&+4 ,9 8 expositions1 x is ent]ta9+ to comp>e ! sl[1 lagg+ judgm5t ( ,europe on ^? times ) ,am]ican impressions1 :i* are f> m correct1 enlight5$1 & advanc$4 ,! great idol :i* ! =eign diplomatic community adores is success3 ,p>is is its peculi> %r9e2 & ,p>isian society are fell[-wor%ipp]s4 ,b1 until success is atta9$ & e/abli%$1 _! feti* image is only "o 9 ! r\gh1 to be hew$ & hack$ z *eap lumb]4 ,napoleon & ,talleyr&1 dur+ ! long w>s ( ! consulate & empire1 7 n deem$ by neighbor+ /ates z mu* bett] ?an mis%ap5 mon/]s ( ! human species3 :ile ! brilliancy ( _! a*ievem5ts 0 dazzl+ ! sight1 bewild]+ ! imag9ation1 & extort+ applause or admiration on ?is side ( ! ,atlantic4 #ij ,:5 ! sangu9>y conte/ clos$ 9 ,europe1 ! exhibition ( its cont9u\s blaze ( glory _h lo/ mu* ( its novelty 9 ,am]ica2 ! ardor ( our p comm5c$ to cool d[n2 !y began to make a m dispassionate1 &1 consequ5tly1 a m rational e/imate ( _! late h]oes4 ,?is exam9ation 9 "s ( its aspects 0 n favorable to ! "* ( ! republicans & ( ,napoleon4 ,8 g5ius1 inde$1 c\ld n be d5i$2 8 de$s 7 m>vell\s2 ! spl5dor ( 8 c\rse _h nev] be5 surpass$ 9 anci5t or mod]n ages2 8 individual or p]sonal popul>ity 0 n 9 ! lea/ impair$4 ,b on ! :ole1 _h 8 life be5 a bless+ or o!rwise to mank9d8 ,_h x be5 b5eficial or injuri\s to progress8 ,_h he or ! prec$+ gov]nm5t ( ! ,conv5tion 9 ! ,reign ( ,t]ror promot$ ! welf>e ( ,france8 ,reluctantly b surely ! ,am]ican m9d came to ! conviction t ! w>s ( ! emp]or _h be5 z useless z !y 7 prodigal ( life1 m desolat+ ?an ! bloody guillot9e work$ by ,robespi]re4 ,t decision w n soon be rev]s$2 9 all probability x w be confirm$ & /r5g!n$ by "t4 ,on ! ea/]n cont95t1 h[ev]1 ?is /age ( enlight5m5t has n be5 rea*$ by ! mass ( ! intellig5t population2 b !y are com+ up to x4 ,napoleon z ! sc\rge _h !re to be )drawn1 be=e he c\ld reappe> trans=m$ into a h]o1 & f a h]o into a great b5efic5t political be+4 ,8 w>s 7 !re pron\nc$ productive ( good1 z a de/ructive fire t _h consum$ ! v]m9 ( class abuses2 t _h extirpat$ ! noxi\s we$s /rangl+ civilization1 :i* c\ld n be eradicat$ by peaceful means2 t ! ,reign ( ,t]ror _h be5 a t]rible tempe/1 to be sure1 b a tempe/1 nev]!less1 :i*1 9 ! oratorical figure ( ,"l ,ersk9e1 _h driv5 away pe/il5ce & purifi$ ! atmosph]e4 ,at ?is po9t ,european s5tim5t n[ /&s4 ,9 republican ,am]ica1 ! next /ride w be /ill 9 ! advance to ! fur!r conclusion1 t ,napoleon1 9 8 m>tial policy1 ev9c$ only ! cold-blood$1 inord9ately selfi% despot1 ^: love ( c\ntry 0 c5tr$ 9 self-love1 ^: patriotism = ! ,/ate 0 unb\nd$ :5 he 0 ! ,/ate1 = :i* he w\ld sacrifice z mu* z ,l\is ,,xiv4 9 a dazzl+ reign equally disa/r\s to ! happ9ess ( 8 subjects4 ,b 9 ,europe1 to condemn ! w>like prop5sities ( ,napoleon1 is at ! same "t to condemn ! ho/ile coalitions t promot$ or provok$ !m4 ,! measures adopt$ by inimical & rival p[]s to ov]?r[ ! ,fr5* empire orig9at$ 9 passions & = a purpose fully z absurd & damag+ to _! own p4 ,bo? sides want$ w>1 )\t c\nt+ ! co/1 & n[ bo? are c\nt+ ! loss1 :5 w> is no long] want$4 ,! los+ figures pres5t ! longe/ columns to contemplative c\nt5ances ! mo/ elongat$4 ,9 ?is %[+1 ! picture is n invit+ to mon>*ical p]ceptions2 !y are unwill+ to ackn[l$ge ! fidelity ( ! portrait4 ,engl& 0 always fir/ 9 he>t & s\l 9 ^! conspiracies aga9/ ! peace ( ,*ri/5dom1 & ,engl& ev] s9ce has felt also1 bo? fir/ & la/1 ! evil effects f ! heavie/ debts to be borne 9 consequ5ce4 ,h5ce ! dispirit+ consci\sness 9 ! be/ ( ,briti% circles1 t ,france "u ,robespi]re & ,napoleon 0 mat*$ 9 its fooli%ness by ,engl& "u ,pitt & ,ca/l]eagh4 #ia ,some?+ l ev5-h&$ retributive ju/ice 0 met$ out to all f\r3 ,robespi]re attempt$ self-de/ruction :5 ! execution] at ! guillot9e await$ him2 ,ca/l]eagh cut 8 own ?roat2 ,pitt p9$ away & di$ z he clos$ ! map ( ,europe ) 8 f+] po9t+ to ! fatal field ( ,au/]litz2 ,napoleon l+]$ out a mis]able life on a b>r5 rock4 ,! adm9i/rations ( ^! m5 are n[ und]/ood 9 ! ,am]ican republic1 & h receiv$ ! ,am]ican condemnation4 ,talleyr& 0 an inf]ior p]sonage to !m 9 p[]1 b only "o degree less2 he 0 ! greate/ 9 importance1 & 9 position ( ! second grade4 ,he is n s well compreh5d$4 ,!y did n "k1 until n[1 he _h said to ,montalv]t3 ,y h a prejudice aga9/ me1 because y\r fa!r 0 an imp]iali/1 & y ?9k ,i des]t$ ! emp]or4 ,i h nev] kept fealty to any "o long] ?an he has be5 ob$i5t to common s5se4 ,b if y judge all my actions by ?is rule1 y w f9d t ,i h be5 em95tly consi/5t4 7,p4 #djh47 ,! cause ( 8 success 0 g5]ally f\nd 9 8 /rict adh]5ce to ! maxim t ,! ?\ghts ( ! greate/ numb] ( intellig5t p]sons 9 any "t or c\ntry are sure1 ) a few m or less fluctuations1 to become 9 ! end ! public op9ion ( _! age or community4 7,p4 #ddb47 ,he pr(it$ by ?is exp]i5ce & k2 he und]/ood m52 he consult$ public op9ion1 & foll[$ x4 ,= ^! revelations & = ^! reasons1 e l9e 9 ! volume ( ,sir ,h5ry ,lytton ,bulw] attracts att5tion & invites scrut9y4 ,sir ,h5ry's /yle1 turn ( ?\ght1 op9ions1 ev5 8 words1 mu/ be weigh$ & /udi$1 n only to ga!r ! import ( _! mean+1 b ! exact %ade ( mean+4 ,9 ?is critical exam9ation1 x w be discov]$ ,sir ,h5ry adh]es to no fix$ me?od or /&>d ( composition4 ,sometimes he is easy1 smoo?1 & fl[+ z ,joseph ,addison2 aga9 he is t]se z ,dean ,swift2 sometimes he is turgid & rambl+ z a pl5ipot5ti>y :o has p>ticul> in/ructions to communicate no?+ 9 v v]bose s5t5ces long drawn out1 :]e9 he is nei!r *oice 9 8 language nor correct 9 ! common rules ( gramm>4 ,n[1 diplomacy admits ( all ^! v>ieties ( writ+1 & ,sir ,h5ry tries !m all4 ,no p5t-up uni=mity contracts ! p[]s ( 8 rhetoric or vocabul>y4 ,9 "o p>agraph he ex]cises ! precision ( an algebraic =mula2 9 ano!r he w&]s a/ray 9 ! collocation ( phrases ) ungu>d$ loos5ess4 ,= him to write 9 8 v]nacul> idiom mu/ be some?+ ( an ef=t1 al?\gh he c write well :5 on 8 good behavior2 b x is evid5t he ?9ks 9 ,fr5*4 ,8 ideas1 ?\ghts1 & "s ( 8 op9ions & pr9ciples h consequ5tly a ,gallic t+e1 & read l a translation2 :ile o!rs1 if m cosmopolitan1 are limit$ to ! tone p]vad+ ! diplomatic circle2 & diplomati/s h among !mselves a pr(essional cant or set ( political dogmas1 :i* 9 a class less poli%$ & select w\ld be mi/ak5 = a species ( slang4 ,x is int]e/+ & in/ructive to be made famili> ) _! prov]bial philosophy1 b x does n foll[ ! infallibility ( _! prov]bs mu/ be recogniz$4 ,_m ( ,sir ,h5ry's op9ions1 !re=e1 may meet ) diss5t on ?is side ( ! wat]2 mu* ( 8 free & easy cont95tal code he himself w\ld abhor if made applicable to ,briti% int]e/s1 ,briti% politics1 or ,briti% dome/ic e?ics4 ,9 ! cultivat$ op9ion ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! cont95tal /&>d ( ju/ifiable policy is ev5 m dete/able1 & ought to be 9 all climes & c\ntries1 9 e latitude & longitude on ! face ( ! e>?4 #ib ,*>les ,maurice ,talleyr& de ,prigord 0 born 9 #aged1 ( "o ( ! mo/ noble & anci5t families 9 ,france4 ,he 0 s5t to ! ,collge d',h>c\t1 :]e he ga9$ ! fir/ prizes2 transf]r$ to ! ,sem9>y ( ,/4 ,sulpice1 8 tal5ts = disputation & composition 7 long rememb]$2 & :51 at la/1 s5t to ! ,sorbonne1 he 0 equally rem>kable1 al?\gh de/9$ = ! *ur*1 z a v clev] & a v pr(ligate "y g5tleman4 ,he made no secret ( 8 dislike to ! pr(ession *os5 = him1 b x 0 n d\bt$ among ^? :o knew him t he w\ld rea* its highe/ honors4 ,9 #aggc1 he ent]$ ! ,gallican prie/hood4 ,:5 tw5ty ye>s ( age1 8 c\nt5ance 0 peculi>ly attractive4 ,x 0 indicative ( s(tness1 yet ( boldness2 ( imp]turbability1 yet ( humor & wit4 ,:5 some:at old]1 8 features wore a long1 oval appe>ance2 8 eyes 7 blue1 deep1 & v>iable2 8 lips usually compress$ ) an ironical smile1 b n ( ill nature2 8 nose1 ) cle>-*isell$ no/ril1 0 delicate & slightly turn$ up2 8 voice deep ton$1 almo/ sepul*ral4 ,9 five ye>s he 0 *os5 to ! di/+ui%$ po/ ( ag5t-g5]al ( ! ,fr5* cl]gy1 :]e he adm9i/]$ ) great success ! ecclesia/ical rev5ues ( imm5se am\nt1 & :]e he fir/ exhibit$ 8 f9ancial abilities 9 ! cle>ness & neatness ( 8 /atem5ts & reports4 ,he became ,bi%op ( ,autun 9 #aghi4 ',he dress$1' says "o ( 8 _m biograph]s1 'l a coxcomb1 he ?\ght l a dei/1 he prea*$ l a sa9t4 ,at once active & irregul>1 he f\nd "t = ev]y?+3 ! *ur*1 ! c\rt1 ! op]a4 ,9 b$ "o day f indol5ce or debau*1 up ! :ole ( ! foll[+ night to prep>e a memoir or a spee*4 ,g5tle ) ! humble1 haughty ) ! high2 n v exact 9 pay+ 8 debts1 b v scrupul\s ) respect to giv+ & break+ promises to pay !m4' 7,p4 #ca47 ,e>ly 9 life introduc$ into ! salons ( ,p>is1 he readily caught _! _s1 & soon obta9$ ! fri5d%ip ( ! lead+ encyclopa$i/s & philosoph]s ( sci5tific & hi/orical fame2 he 0 on intimate t]ms ) _m well kn[n 9 lett]s & 9 ! arts4 ,! celebrat$ wits ( bo? sexes1 ! beauties1 ! belles1 c\rt$ 8 society2 ! *>m ( _! brilliant conv]sation1 _! v]satile accompli%m5ts1 & _! w9n+ mann]s 7 fasc9at+ & irresi/ible4 ,^! div9ities imag9$ !y mov$ & _h _! be+ 9 a sublimat$ atmosph]e f> above & beyond ! aspiration ( common mortals2 _! s5tim5ts brea!d ( p]fect philan?ropy1 express$ 9 t]ms & 9 t5d]ness befitt+ p]sons div9ely inspir$4 ,e allurem5t t c\ld inspire ! imag9ation1 e bl&i%m5t entranc+ ! s5ses1 e grace1 tal5t1 e ornam5t :i* c\ld enhance ! =m or ennoble ! intellect1 0 cultivat$ & appreciat$4 ,luxury 9 dress1 9 gems1 9 furniture1 9 equipage1 9 banquets1 9 music1 9 fl[]s1 9 pa9t+1 9 frescoes1 9 sculpture1 0 display$ ) excess ( prodigality :i* vi$ ) ! pure/ ta/e4 ,an ambrosial flavor ( expression ab\nd$ 9 a common salutation2 a delicate ori5tal p]fume seem$ to p]meate e complim5t1 nor 0 any rem>k deem$ appropriate unless x conta9$ a complim5t2 eloqu5ce 0 disc>d$ because x 0 t9ctur$ ) too mu* ext]nal exhibition ( feel+2 x1 moreov]1 took up too mu* preci\s "t4 #ic ,b a high] art 0 atta9$ 9 its /ead--! art ( epigrammatical brevity1 to communicate 9 a half-l9e :at an oration c\ld n tea* 9 a half-h\r2 nor 0 an epigram deem$ p]fect :5 its wit 0 r>e & its s5se pr(\nd1 unless x t5d$ to a sne] at religion or goodness 9 mank9d1 or told a sc&al\s lie4 ,! p]vad+ object1 ! av[$ purpose 9 ?is society1 0 to seek pleasure1 to declaim aga9/ abuses 9 in/itutions1 moral1 political1 & ,*ri/ian1 9 ! public at l>ge1 9 dome/ic habits & mann]s1 9 ! /ate1 & 9 ! *ur*4 ,b ^! ref9$ creatures 7 n good1 nor moral1 nor pure1 nor ,*ri/ians !mselves2 !y made no pret5sions to any ( ^! virtues2 !y 7 n proselyt+ re=m]s2 !y 7 9 no s5se radicals2 !y made no active ex]tions to pull d[n1 nei!r did !y aim to build up1 nor to improve ! _w1 b 7 cont5t to deplore human evils & to rail at ev]ybody4 ,if a *oice _h be5 giv5 to !m to aboli% in/itutions1 or only to remove _! abuses incid5t to all ?+s ( human creation1 !y w\ld h pref]r$ to aboli% ! in/itutions1 provid$ ! abuses 7 p]mitt$ to rema9 intact4 ,b z !y c\ld n be rid ( ! b5eficial advantages ( ! sub/ance )\t ! bani%m5t ( ! evil %ad[1 !y 7 cont5t to tol]ate ! nuisance ( :at 0 a bless+ to ! nation1 9 ord] to possess = !mselves ! p>ts p]nici\s :i* 7 ( s9ful1 com=table consid]ation 9 _! sight4 ,!y suppos$ _! mission fulfill$ :5 !y talk$ & did no?+4 ,if "o ( ! cot]ie _h turn$ patriot & aspir$ to usefulness1 he w\ld h be5 deem$ a h>mless traitor1 & commis]at$ = ! folly ( 8 des]tion4 ,8 ef=ts w\ld h subject$ him to _! lam5t+ sympa?y1 _! smil+ mock]y1 _! laconic brevities1 :i*1 al?\gh seem+ly soo?+1 w\ld be z scor*+ z !y 7 %ort4 ,because he _h accompli%$ some?+ comm5dable or attempt$ its accompli%m5t1 !y w\ld decide he _h fall5 f grace1 _h r5d]$ himself liable to _! bit+ condol5ce1 & laid himself op5 to ! pi]c+ %afts ( _! pity4 ,voltaire1 /ill l+]+ 9 8 s5ility z head & *ief prie/ ( ?is highly ref9$ & deeply deprav$ community1 _h s5t =? a p>t+ rescript to ! fai?ful 9 _! infidelity1 t "o :o has done no?+ is possess$ ( a t]rible advantage2 b he mu/ n abuse x4 ,talleyr&1 at ! age ( ?irty-six1 0 fa/ ris+ to great prom95ce1 if n pre-em95ce 9 ?is unholy set4 ,:5 ,voltaire %\ld be call$ to 8 la/ acc\nt 9 ano!r _w1 & 8 mortal rema9s repose 9 ! ,pre-la-,*aise or ,p>!non1 x 0 g5]ally suppos$ ! "y ,bi%op ( ,autun w\ld by common cons5t be rais$ to ! place ( ! old philosoph] ( ,f]ney4 ,b _h x be5 ?us1 _h ! reign ( ! ,b\rbons be5 prolong$1 ,talleyr& w\ld h betray$ & mock$ ! irreligi\s ( ! ,palais ,royal & ,/4 ,g]ma91 z he b>t]$ away ! pi\s int]e/s ( 8 diocese4 ,9 "s respects he resembl$ ,voltaire1 b 9 _m m !y widely diff]$4 ,9 g5]al he 0 9 m9d unlike to him1 z he 0 9 morals dissimil> to ! late bi%op4 ,voltaire 0 always 9 se>* ( flatt]y2 ,talleyr& despis$ x4 ,voltaire 0 pleas$ ) petty s*em+ & petty intrigues2 ,talleyr& pu%$ !m aside4 ,voltaire betray$ & lampoon$ 8 fri5ds2 ,talleyr& did n deceive 81 nor sl&]4 ,voltaire 0 mu* fe>$ = 8 malici\s s>casm2 ,talleyr& 0 well lik$ = 8 b\nte\s humor4 #id ,! "o 0 a judge ( books1 z ! o!r 0 a judge ( m52 ! "o 0 always grumbl+ f 8 failures1 ! o!r always cont5t ) 8 success2 ! "o inject+ a tell+ po9t into a falsehood1 ! o!r imp>t+ =ce to a tru?4 ,bo? 7 great 9 epigrammatic hits 9 _! own way2 ) ?is diff]5ce1 h[ev]1 t ,voltaire1 be+ s\r$ ) ! _w1 expos$ 8 asp]ity 9 8 je/s2 :ile ,talleyr&1 pleas$ ) x1 conceal$ all vexation & r\nd$ 8 rem>ks ) an easy smile4 ,voltaire 0 a spoil$ *ild ( society2 society 0 a play?+ = ,talleyr&4 ,9 a ^w1 ! graceless bi%op1 intellectually1 morally1 socially1 0 ! sup]ior1 & f> out%one ! sn>l+ philosoph]4 ,voltaire c\ld nev]1 9 play+ long :i/ & c\nt+ 8 po9ts1 if in=m$ t an old lady _h m>ri$ h] footman1 h drawl$ out1 ,at n9e honors don't c\nt2 nor c\ld he 9 pleasantry h said to ,fr$]ick ( ,prussia :at ,talleyr& rem>k$ to ,l\is ,,xviii43 ,!re is some?+ inexplicable ab\t me :i* br+s ill luck on ! gov]nm5t t neglects me4 ,be=e ! dea? ( ,voltaire1 ! "y ,bi%op ( ,autun _h discov]$1 ) 8 pret]natural cle>ness ( m5tal vision1 t ! sc(f]s :o 7 ! embodim5t ( sci5ce1 philan?ropy1 & ref9em5t1 jo9$ to pr(ligate pr(essors & %ameless wom51 =m$ an in/itution1 ) its abom9ations also1 l all o!rs2 j z ! holy *ur* _h its sacr$ virtues sc&aliz$ by "s gl>+ abuses among a portion ( ! cl]gy4 ,! bi%op mu/ h felt t he con/itut$ 9 himself a type ( :at 0 good & ( :at 0 bad 9 ea*3 he ard5tly lov$ sci5ce1 art1 & :atev] 0 ref9+ & progressive1 z he consci5ti\sly rev]$ ! reveal$ tru?s ( ! ,ca?olic fai?4 ,b he c\ld n resi/ ! enticem5ts & adulations ( society2 nor refuse ! temptation to raise himself to political p[] by lay+ sacrilegi\s h&s on ! prop]ty ( ! *ur*4 ,n = "o mom5t1 h[ev]1 0 he deceiv$ by ! sophi/ries or j>gon ( ! infidel s*ool t reign$ supreme 9 polite circles1 & only once 0 8 s\nd judgm5t f\nd want+ 9 fidelity to 8 religi\s ord]1 ( :i* he 0 a mo/ unwor?y repres5tative4 ,he conf\nd$ ! abuses 9 ! /ate1 ! depravity ( ! ari/ocracy1 ! irregul>ities among ! cl]gy1 z "o common class ( grievances to ! nation :i* ought to be end$2 b he did n desire to witness ! sov]eign behead$1 ! mob supreme1 nor ! idol ( ,reason en?ron$ 9 ! h\se ( ,god4 ,8 aim 9 life seems to h be5 ! possession ( unrivall$ pre/ige 9 ,p>isian society4 ,to rea* t p9nacle = 8 ease1 com=t1 & e>?ly happ9ess1 he did or 0 will+ to d :atev] w\ld promote 8 purpose3 he left undone :atev] w\ld militate aga9/ x4 ,he und]/ood ! requisites = its atta9m5t1 b w\ld n sacrifice pres5t tranquillity1 ! absolute satisfaction n[1 = ! %ad[y anticipation 9 ! future4 ,intellectual ex]tion 0 a pleasure to him at all times4 ,he desir$ weal?1 rank1 p[]1 fame1 z passports into ! magic circle ( 8 ambition2 b he held himself on a level ) ! great1 :ile he treat$ ! un=tunate1 ! weak1 ! unsuccessful1 ) undim9i%$ att5tion4 ,he 0 ke5ly s5sitive to c5sure1 = c5sure impair$ 8 pre/ige4 #ie ,pozzo de ,borgo1 a celebrat$ & rival diplomati/1 once said ( him3 ,?is man has made himself great by plac+ himself always by ! side ( ! little & among ^? :o mo/ ne$ him4 ,9 tru?1 he 0 will+ to aid any "o1 p[]ful or weak1 :o c\ld n[ or h]eaft] aid him4 ,b he nev] deceiv$ ^? :om he 0 s]v+1 nor cr+$1 nor intrigu$1 nor betray$ !m2 he 0 always true to 8 c\ntry1 & always s\nd 9 8 judgm5t 9 decid+ by :at l9e ( conduct ! int]e/s ( 8 c\ntry c\ld be be/ promot$4 ,9 "o in/ance only did he make a mi/ake1 b t mi/ake 0 t]rible2 x 01 moreov]1 un=tunate = ,france z = himself2 x produc$ ! only bad luck t befell him 9 8 v long life & inv>iably prosp]\s c>e]4 ,x 0 9 n discrim9at+ betwe5 ! cl]gy1 z tru/ees ( ! *ur* prop]ty1 & ! prop]ty itself entru/$ to _! keep+4 ,he view$ ! temporalities z absolutely _! own1 _! inh]itance1 in/ead ( p]ceiv+ t ^! possessions 7 only a *>ge deliv]$ to !m = safe keep+ & transmission1 :i* c\ld n desc5d to _! heirs b mu/ g to _! successors4 ,he conf\nd$ _! duties z adm9i/rators ( ! e/ate ) ! rights ( ! p]sons = :om ! e/ate 0 =m$4 ,if ! cl]gy 7 will+1 !re=e1 to take a bribe to betray _! tru/1 ,talleyr& suppos$ ! nef>i\s b>ga9 am\nt$ to a fair & hone/ pur*ase ( ! tru/ prop]ty4 ,! e/ate 0 n creat$ = !m1 b !y 7 creat$ = ! e/ate4 ,a few mon?s aft] ,talleyr& 0 in/all$ ,bi%op ( ,autun1 he 0 elect$ a repres5tative to ! ,/ates-,g5]al4 ,( 8 peculi> fitness = ! place1 ,sir ,h5ry ,bulw] br+s =w>d "s /rik+ & conv9c+ te/imony4 ,:5 ! ,/ates-,g5]al met1 !y =m$ !mselves into ! ,national ,assembly2 !y resolv$ to legislate 9 "o & ! same hall1 ! nobles & ! cl]gy1 mix$ ) ! commonalty1 & all ?ree m]g$ into "o body4 ,! ,?ree ,e/ates 7 no m2 x 0 only ! ,?ird ,e/ate t rema9$4 ,! imp5d+ dang] f imm$iate bankruptcy ( ! nation be+ ! vital z x 0 ! fir/ subject = discussion1 ! high reputation possess$ by ! ,bi%op ( ,autun = f9ancial abilities & practical skill easily ga9$ = him ! fir/ place z a man ( bus9ess1 z ! fir/ rank 9 social position 0 already accord$ to him4 ,he spoke well1 s5sibly1 to ! po9t4 ,mirabeau 0 ! great] orator1 x is true1 b ,mirabeau 0 ! orator = ! commons2 ,talleyr& 0 no orator at all2 he 0 a flu5t speak]1 nev] indulg+ 9 m]etrici\s or ornam5tal embelli%m5ts1 nev] appeal+ to ! vulg> passions3 he 0 ! pride & glory1 ! great favorite ( ! nobles & cl]gy4 ,8 sph]e _h be5 m select1 m exalt$1 m ref9$1 :]e ! declamation1 passionate appeals1 r\nd$ p]iods1 />tl+ anti!ses ( ,mirabeau w\ld h be5 deem$ l[ & vot$ d[n4 ,mirabeau 0 unable to %9e 9 ! ,p>isian salons frequ5t$ by ! *oice ari/ocracy1 :ile ,talleyr& despis$ mak+ a figure ( himself = ! applause ( ! b\rgeoisie ( ! ,?ird ,e/ate4 ,b :at ! ,?ird ,e/ate 0 want+ 9 elegance ( mann]s1 9 wit & cultivation1 !y suppli$ 9 ! /r5g? ( _! numb]s1 & 9 ! correspond+ det]m9ation to absorb all political p[]4 ,x 0 evid5t ! nobles & ! cl]gy w\ld be compell$ to succumb4 ,at la/ !y gave way1 & n only yield$ up :atev] political rights or immunities 7 _! own1 b :atev] also 0 confid$ by o!rs to _! keep+4 ,to quote f ,sir ,h5ry3 #if ,on ! #d? ( ,augu/ 444 almo/ all ! in/itutions & peculi>ities :i* con/itut$ ! framework ( gov]nm5t & society ?r\gh\t ,france 7 unhesitat+ly swept away1 at ! in/igation & dem& ( ! fir/ magi/rates & nobles ( ! l&1 :o did n suffici5tly consid] t !y :o de/roy at once all exi/+ laws 7:atev] ^? laws may be7 de/roy1 at ! same "t1 all e/abli%$ habits ( ?\ght2 t is1 all cu/oms ( ob$i5ce1 all spontane\s feel+s ( respect & affection1 )\t :i* a =m ( gov]nm5t is m]ely an idea on pap]4 ,9 aft] times1 ,m4 de ,talleyr&1 :5 speak+ ( ?is p]iod1 said1 9 "o ( 8 *>act]i/ic phrases3 ',la ,rvolution a dsoss la ,france1' ',! ,revolution has disbon$ ,france4' 444 ,! ,bi%op ( ,autun 0 und\bt$ly among ! =emo/ 9 de/roy+ ! traditions :i* con/itute a community1 & proclaim+ ! !ories :i* captivate a mob4 7,p4 #ee47 ,?is extract is a fair specim5 ( ! false /atem5t ( facts1 & ( ! fallaci\s reason+ 9 ! diplomatic body1 on popul> ev5ts4 ,x is z de/itute ( tru? z x is ( logic1 or a correct und]/&+ ( ! pr9ciples ^u :i* civil gov]nm5t is con/itut$4 ,9 all t 0 done s f>1 only antiquat$1 effete1 feudal1 or petty prov9cial privileges 7 surr5d]$2 privileges :i* prop]ly belong$ to ! /ate = ! b5efit ( ! nation :5ev] ! /ate might deem x prop] to dem& !m or to de/roy !m2 =1 long be=e1 !y ought to h be5 aboli%$4 ,! ari/ocracy n[ *ose volunt>ily to rel9qui% !m gracefully4 ,!y remov$ !reby great grievances f ! public1 & _m intol]able burd5s f ! peasants4 ,! laws :i* 7 repeal$ at ! same "t 7 only cu/oms or /atutes :i* _h protect$ ! privileges giv5 up1 & became obsolete :5 no?+ 0 left = !m to protect4 ,in/ead ( dissolv+ society1 ! rel9qui%m5t ( petty political rights 0 ! removal ( p]nici\s1 dete/able rubbi%4 ,all laws 7 n abrogat$2 nor 0 "o de/roy$1 alt]$1 or am5d$ :i* protect$ ! p]son or pres]v$ prop]ty4 ,! next /ep ( progress 9 ! "r direction 0 a vigor\s ef=t to induce ! k+ to be equally g5]\s & patriotic 9 rel9qui%+ "s ( 8 odi\s antiquat$ pr]ogatives4 ,b ,l\is ,,xvi4 0 unwill+ to con=m to ! public wi%es2 he refus$1 because compliance w\ld tr5* ^u ! sov]eignty :i* he _h receiv$ unt\*$ f 8 royal ance/ors1 & :i* he resolv$ to transmit unt>ni%$ to 8 po/]ity4 ,b :5 ! pressure = a writt5 con/itution began to ?reat5 8 p]sonal safety1 he yield$ ) a m5tal res]vation t he _h giv5 way to sup]ior =ce2 he consci5ti\sly1 b errone\sly & fatally1 believ$ 8 cons5t 0 n b9d+ on him or 8 heirs4 ,! repres5tatives ( ! nation n[ ma9ta9$1 t m9i/]s hav+ ! national confid5ce %\ld be call$ into ! royal cab9et4 ,to ?is reasonable reque/1 ! k+ refus$ 8 cons5t2 b he temporiz$ by reluctantly giv+ audi5ce to ,mirabeau1 ,talleyr&1 & "s o!rs ( ! lib]al p>ty1 leav+ !m "u ! mi/ak5 impression t he w\ld li/5 to _! advice4 ,b ! k+ did n adopt _! c\nsels2 he did n int5d t any ( !m %\ld become 8 c\nsellors4 ,l\is grant$ !m a he>+ 9 ord] to conceal 8 int5tions4 ,x 0 only a bl9d to cov] 8 purpose1 :i* 0 to resume1 at ! fir/ opportunity1 :at he _h rel9qui%$1 & to s5d ,mirabeau & ,talleyr&1 ) _! fri5ds ! sans-culottes1 adrift4 #ig ,^! lib]als 7 consequ5tly deceiv$2 9 tru?1 !y aid$ 9 _! own deception2 !y c\ld n imag9e ! k+ w\ld prove a traitor to 8 own int]e/s4 ,! k+1 h[ev]1 0 only play+ ov] aga9 ! los+ game practis$ by ,*>les ,i41 & by 8 son1 ,james ,,ii41 ( ,engl&4 ,! /ake 9 bo? c\ntries 0 ! same3 x 01 :e!r sov]eignty %\ld repose 9 ! cr[n1 z 9 anci5t times1 or 9 ! p1 9 accordance ) mod]n ideas4 ,! prize _c be divid$1 z "s suppos$2 x c nev] be divid$2 9 its v nature x is indivisible2 x w\ld be z impossible z to place "o cr[n on two sep>ate heads at ! same "t4 ,sir ,h5ry ,bulw]1 z a true ,briton1 ?9ks1 no d\bt1 ! ,/u>t sov]eigns 7 p]jur$ knaves1 because !y deceiv$ ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 & broke solemn promises made to _! m9i/]s2 b he views ! ,b\rbon k+ z fooli% only 9 do+ ! same ?+s1 & pursu+ ! same l9e ( policy4 ,n[1 9 v]ity1 ! moral code applies alike to bo? dyna/ies1 9 bo? c\ntries1 9 bo? c5turies4 ,:atev] royal promise is made %\ld be royally & religi\sly fulfill$2 b its violation does n ju/ify a resort to ! block at ,:itehall or to ! guillot9e at ! ,c>r\sel4 ,! execution ( a mon>* = def5d+ 8 pr]ogatives by fair means or false promises1 is no less a crime aga9/ civilization ?an x is a political error4 ,no good c come ( x2 no good ev] has4 ,b ! duplicity & falsehood ( ,l\is1 9 its incid5ts1 br\ght on ! fir/ bl[ aga9/ prop]ty2 & ) ! attack on prop]ty1 all ! crimes & calamities1 all ! mis]y1 pov]ty1 & long li/ ( woes ( ! ,revolution comm5c$4 ,!n society began to dis9tegrate2 !n ,france began to disbone2 x nev] end$ until morality1 ,*ri/ianity1 civilization1 7 cru%$ to a jelly4 ,talleyr& 0 ! lead] 9 ?is raid1 & on 8 head re/s ! responsibility4 ,he 0 ! great oracle on f9ancial topics 9 ! ,national ,assembly2 he 0 ! memb] look$ up to = ! solution ( ! f9ancial problem to save ! nation f ru92 he _h accept$ ! position almo/ ?ru/ ^u him2 & 8 reputation 0 at /ake 9 surm\nt+ ! crisis4 ,) success he c\ld compel ! k+ to invite him into ! m9i/ry4 ,mirabeau admitt$ ?is 9 a lett] to a fri5d1 & a portfolio 9 ! m9i/ry 0 ! goal ( ,talleyr&'s ambition4 ,all eyes 71 !re=e1 turn$ to ! ,bi%op ( ,autun1 & ! eyes ( ! bi%op turn$ to ! l&$ prop]ty ( ! *ur*1 f :5ce ! wants ( ! treasury c\ld be imm$iately & ) facility suppli$4 ,he 0 will+ to propose ! d\ble sacrilege on religion & on society2 = x 0 no less an outrage on civilization or civil gov]nm5t ?an x 0 on ,*ri/ianity1 :i* is ! f\ndation ( good gov]nm5t4 ,! coolness ) :i* ,sir ,h5ry ,bulw] /ates ?is desecration c only be comp>$ ) ! absurdity 9 ! l9e ( argum5t ) :i* ,talleyr& advocat$ ! measure4 ,if "s ,bi%op ,col5so 9 ! ,h\se ( ,lords %\ld propose ! seizure & confiscation ( ! weal? ( ! ,anglican ,e/abli%m5t1 ! "q w\ld appe> 9 a diff]5t aspect to ! ,briti% diplomati/4 ,he w\ld view x ) horror4 #ih ,9 ei!r case1 h[ev]1 ! measure w\ld be infam\s4 ,gov]nm5ts are in/itut$ to protect prop]ty1 n to squ&] x2 & ! only diff]5ce betwe5 t :i* is held by an individual = himself & t :i* is held 9 tru/ = ! b5efit ( o!rs1 is 9 ! circum/ance t :atev] is 9 tru/ is1 9 ! public e/imation1 m sacr$1 because x is pres]v$ = ! welf>e ( ! poor1 ! weak1 ! ignorant or infirm ( m9d1 :o _c provide = !mselves2 j z ! /ate ext5ds a m pat]nal c>e ov] ! prop]ty ( infants1 idiots1 or orphans1 ?an ov] ! int]e/s ( m5 & wom5 ( full gr[? & s\nd m9d4 ,if a call mu/ be made 9 a sudd5 exig5cy = funds1 :at gov]nm5t1 n dem5t$1 w\ld sp>e ! m]cantile h\ses ( ! ri*1 to seque/rate & spoliate ! hospitals = ! helpless8 ,talleyr& consid]$ ! *ur* prop]ty z public prop]ty2 b ?is view1 plausible at fir/ sight1 is f\nd on reflection to be fallaci\s4 ,x 0 n d]iv$ f ! nation1 nor f ! public1 b f individuals1 & f its own accumulations2 x 0 n design$ = ! b5efit ( ! public1 b = a specific class ( ! p--! ne$y--to :i* class ! mass ( ! community did n belong1 &1 fur!rmore1 hop$ !y nev] w\ld4 ,s mu* = ! bi%op's premises & argum5t4 ,b a /rong] objection rema9s3 x is ! broad pr9ciple ( ! invasion ( private rights1 ( common ju/ice2 & :5 t pr9ciple is once r5d]$ un/able by common cons5t1 ! /ability ( all public op9ion1 ( all civil in/itutions1 ( all organiz$ gov]nm5t1 is %ak52 ! /ate is liable to be ov]turn$4 ,:5 ! ,national ,assembly deem$ x prop] = ! public good to confiscate ! *ur* prop]ty1 ! ,legislative ,assembly foll[$ ! example set to deprive p]sons ( _! lib]ty1 & ! ,national ,conv5tion next vot$ away lives by ! hecatomb daily2 "u ! same plea1 ! k+ himself 0 decapitat$4 ,:5 ! public morality 0 once vitiat$1 :o c\ld =etell :]e ! national crim9ality w\ld t]m9ate1 :o or h[ _m w\ld n be its victims8 ,x has be5 ! same ) ,european e?ics4 ,:5 ! great ,fr$]ick ( ,prussia violat$ ! ,pragmatic ,sanction1 to :i* ,prussia _h ass5t$1 & seiz$ ^u ,silesia1 neighbor+ nations 7 n sl[ to =get & =give 8 audacity & to foll[ 8 unrighte\s example4 ,! p>tition ( ,pol& grew out ( x1 f ! contempt ent]ta9$ = int]national op9ion4 ,next came ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 :5 nations _h no fai? 9 ! integrity ( rival gov]nm5ts1 nor _h gov]nm5ts mu* confid5ce 9 _! p4 ,! _w w5t backw>d 9 civilization1 & ! long w>s ( ! republic1 ( ! consulate1 ( ! empire1 ensu$2 n only ! ,fr5*1 b e =eign soil on ! ,cont95t1 0 dr5*$ 9 blood4 ,at la/1 ! moral atmosph]e became s f\l t ! idea ( assass9ation 0 ent]ta9$ & talk$ ab\t 9 e c\rt at w> ) ,napoleon4 ,x 0 deem$ feasible1 x 0 favor$ by a sil5t ass5t2 x float$ 9 ! air4 ,sir ,h5ry1 9 e*o to diplomatic op9ion & to ! s5tim5t ( ! bellig]5t nations1 treats ! murd] 9 cold blood ( ! ,b\rbon ,duke d',enghi51 by ord] ( ,napoleon1 z an atrocity4 ,! act c]ta9ly 0 atroci\s2 b1 at ! b> ( hi/ory1 :o are all ! crim9als t may be arraign$ z accomplices 9 conspir+ to efface ! /a9 ( turpitude 9 assass9ation f ! ,*ri/ian code ( morals8 ,h[ _m 7 smil+ at ! prospect ( do+ unto ! ,fr5* emp]or t :i* he did unto ! duke8 ,n "o /atesman1 or legislator1 or diplomati/1 or writ]1 c\ld 9 8 consci5ce ca/ ! fir/ /one4 ,public op9ion 0 debau*$ on ! subject2 moral integrity 0 disbon$4 #ii ,napoleon ju/ifi$ 8 conduct 9 ! only way left op5 to modify ! enormity ( ! (f5ce--to ext5uate ! nef>i\s de$4 ,he excus$ himself z he excus$ 8 fir/ attacks 9 w>2 x 0 to def5d himself by becom+ ! assailant4 ,he und]took to tea* 8 enemies ! efficacy ( retaliation1 & ! lesson did tea* !m4 ,no?+ m 0 ev] :isp]$ 9 secret1 or aga9 talk$ op5ly1 ( tak+ him (f by poison or ! dagg]4 ,talleyr&1 al?\gh imp]ial prime m9i/] at ! "t1 does n appe> to h be5 consult$4 ,f all t is kn[n1 he c]ta9ly did n advise or c\nt5ance ! act2 he did n approve or condemn :5 x 0 done4 ,:at he communicat$ (ficially1 he wrote1 z secret>y ( ! emp]or1 t :i* 0 dictat$ to him to write4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 no "o is aw>e t he c\nsell$ aga9/ ! murd]2 9 all probability1 9 8 laxity ( morals1 8 s5sibilities 7 n mu* %ock$ by ! ev5t4 ,he 0 nev] kn[n to h consid]$ ! transaction an impolitic measure2 ! common /ory t he spoke ( x z worse ?an a crime--z a political blund]--has no au!ntic f\ndation4 ,su* 0 ! c\rse ( affairs gr[+ out ( ! fir/ invasion ( rights to prop]ty at ! sugge/ion ( ! ,bi%op ( ,autun4 ,b ! imm$iate effects ^u 8 =tunes are curi\s4 ,he 0 errone\sly associat$ 9 ! =eign m9d ) ! revolution>y acts t foll[$2 & :51 on ! contr>y1 = self-pres]vation1 he fl$ to ,london to escape ! /igma ( ^? v acts & ! malice ( ! v m5 :o p]petrat$ !m1 he 0 ord]$ out ( ,engl& z a ,jacob9 or regicide & f\nd a refuge 9 ,am]ica4 ,b 9 our republic no c\nt5ance 0 giv5 to him1 no cordial greet+ ext5d$4 ,by ! ,f$]ali/s1 he 01 contemn$ z a traitor to 8 k+1 an apo/ate to 8 religion1 an enemy to social ord]4 ,by ! anti-,f$]ali/s he 0 view$ z an ari/ocrat1 an migr1 an ob/acle to social progress4 ,! ex-bi%op1 !re=e1 9 #agid1 l ! expatriat$ ,m4 ,blot 9 #ahfd1 _h leisure to turn 8 att5tion to ! cul9>y art4 ,talleyr&1 & ! o!r involunt>y emigrants1 obs]v$ ^u ! v9es ne> ! kit*5s a beautiful r\nd r$ production gr[+1 :i* 0 cultivat$ z a vegetable ornam5t1 ^: botanical "n 0 ! lycop]sicum1 b :i* ,am]icans call$ ! love-apple4 ,! ,fr5* g5tlem5 recogniz$ 9 x _! tomate1 & =?) taught our great-gr&mo!rs h[ to r5d] x a m palatable escul5t = _! tables ?an x 0 a pleas+ embelli%m5t to _! g>d5s4 ,b ! ,reign ( ,t]ror soon t]m9at$2 l ! reign ( ,l\is1 x end$ also at ! guillot9e4 ,he n[ return$ to ,p>is4 ,8 fri5d ,b>ras 0 9 ! ,directory1 & ,b>ras 0 ( ! ari/ocracy1 :o1 h[ev]1 _h be5 =giv5 ! crime ( be+ a noble1 9 consid]ation ( ! virtue ( be+ a regicide4 ,f t date began ! new lease to ,talleyr& ( p[]1 pre/ige1 influ5ce1 & prosp]ity1 :i* 0 nev] aga9 brok5 dur+ 8 long life4 ,he 0 will+ to s]ve any adm9i/ration "u any =m ( gov]nm5t1 provid+ x 0 ! be/ "u ! circum/ances1 & :5 he c\ld be1 z he = ! fir/ "t express$ x1 ! "r man 9 ! "r place4 ,b nev] = a day did he rema9 :5 he c\ld n be useful to ,france1 nor s]viceable to ! executive by :om he 0 reta9$4 ,he knew h[ long x 0 b5eficial to adh]e to ! ,directory1 & :5 ! "t _h come to drop (f4 #ajj ,! fir/ consul 0 treat$ 9 ! same mann]1 & ! emp]or1 & ! allies1 & ,l\is ,,xviii41 & ,l\is ,philippe4 ,none ( !m c\ld fasc9ate him by _! condesc5sion or consid]ation2 yet he s]v$ !m all honorably1 hone/ly2 b x 0 requisite he %\ld be call$ & reta9$ on 8 own t]ms4 ,:5 he 0 dismiss$1 x 0 n be=e he already knew x 0 bett] = 8 own int]e/s to g4 ,:5 ,alex&] ( ,russia ent]$ ,p>is1 9 #ahad1 ) ! alli$ armies1 ! cz> took up 8 imp]ial resid5ce at ,talleyr&'s mansion1 & expect$ to use ! late prime m9i/] = 8 own purpose by ! high honor conf]r$4 ,b ,talleyr& 0 ins5sible to su* delicate att5tions2 he 0 fully consci\s he 0 himself a pr9ce1 & ( ! pr\d family ( ,prigord1 a family t 7 sov]eign 9 prov9ces ( ,france 9 ! middle ages1 long be=e ! ,roman(fs1 surr\nd$ by a wild horde ( half-nak$ ,t>t>s1 _h ev] held c\rt on horse-back1 or cross$ ! ,ural1 or be5 he>d ( 9 ,europe4 ,talleyr& 0 n made a tool by ! cz>1 b ! cz> 0 m\ld$ l wax "u ! manipulations ( ,talleyr&2 to him ,l\is ,,xviii4 0 indebt$ = 8 ?rone2 & aft]w>d1 at ! ,congress ( ,vi5na1 :5 ,alex&] discov]$ ,talleyr& c\ld n be induc$ to betray ,fr5* int]e/s = ! b5efit ( ,russia1 ! cz> compell$ ,l\is to dismiss him f (fice4 ,napoleon 0 e/imat$ 9 a simil> mann]1 b ) ev5 less respect1 = he _h be5 a plebeian1 & p]haps1 if any?+1 worse2 he 0 n a ,fr5*man1 he 0 a ,corsican4 ,aft] ! battle ( ,leipsic1 ,napoleon (f]$ ! portfolio ( =eign m9i/ry to 8 =m] m9i/]1 b on ! condition he %\ld lay d[n ! rank & emolum5ts ( vice-gr& elector4 ,! object ( ! emp]or 0 to make him dep5d5t on imp]ial favor4 ,b ,talleyr&1 :o w\ld h accept$ ! (fice1 refus$ ! condition1 say+3 ,if ! emp]or tru/s me1 he %\ld n degrade me2 & if he does n tru/ me1 he %\ld n employ me2 ! times are too critical = half-measures4 ,no circumlocution 0 resort$ to on ei!r side2 x 0 pla9 deal+2 = ! p>ties knew ) :om !y 7 treat+1 & no complim5ts 7 requisite4 ,m4 ,?i]s rem>ks t two sup]ior ,fr5*m51 until !y h an opportunity to flatt] "o ano!r1 are natural enemies4 ,h[ev] mu* ,talleyr&'s wi% might h be5 to assi/ ! emp]or1 he w\ld n %[ x3 8 inv>iable maxim 0 po9t de zle--nev] ev9ce ardor 9 any?+4 ,b :ile he _h no abasem5t 9 ! pres5ce ( ! great1 he _h no assumption t[>d equals or inf]iors 9 m9d & 9 position4 ,?or\ghly self-reliant1 he 0 nev] f\nd disconc]t$ nor (f 8 gu>d2 9 ! wide/ s5se he 0 a man2 he held all o!rs z no m & no less4 ,he _h no confidants4 ,p]haps ,montrond 0 an exception1 = ,montrond 0 a specialty1 ,sir ,h5ry tells u1 ( ! age1 a type ( ! ,fr5* r\4 ,he 0 "o ( ,talleyr&'s pets1 z ,talleyr& 0 "o ( 8 admirations4 ,ea* spoke ill ( ! o!r2 = ea* said he lov$ ! o!r = 8 vices4 ,b no "o c\ld speak to ,talleyr& ) s mu* intimacy1 nor obta9 f him s cle> an answ]2 = !y tru/$ "o ano!r1 ?\gh ,montrond w\ld nev] h told any "o else to tru/ ,talleyr&1 nor ,talleyr& h told any "o else to tru/ ,m4 de ,montrond4 ,"h we mu/1 ) reluctance1 lay d[n ,sir ,h5ry's book2 space w n p]mit dwell+ long] ^u x4 ---------- #aja ,! ,basilica ( ,/4 ,saturn94 ,my j\rney to ! anci5t & religi\s city ( ,t\l\se 0 made 9 a season ( sorr[4 ,i 0 9 ! fe>ful grasp ( giant ,despair1 ^: :ips 7 z scorpions urg+ me on4 ,e /ep 9 ?is sorr[ful way 0 a torture1 because x wid5$ ! di/ance betwe5 me & a pa/ :i* c\ld nev] return4 ,i felt l ^? poor s\ls 9 ,dante's ,inf]no1 ^: heads 7 plac$ backw>d1 s _! te>s fell on _! %\ld]s4 ,s my he>t 0 look+ ev] back--back1 ) sorr[ful eyes1 z if ! future held no consolation 9 /ore4 ,o s\l ( little fai?6 encompass$ by ?y black cl\d1 absorb$ 9 ?y griefs1 ?\ see/ n ! brightness beyond ! d>kness t enfolds !e6 ,j\rney+ on ) we>y /eps1 ,i f\nd 9 my way a cross4 ,i 0 already lad5 ) "o--seem+ly ov]:elm+--:i* ! pa/ _h bequea!d to me1 & ,i 0 ab\t to turn aside f ?is mat]ial cross ,i _h /umbl$ ^u1 :5 ,i call$ to m9d a travell] ( ! old5 "t :o f\nd1 l me1 a cross 9 8 pa?way4 ,n satisfi$ ) kneel+ be=e x1 he caught x up & press$ x to 8 he>t4 ,:at %\ld he f9d b a preci\s treasure conceal$ b5ea?6 ,su* a treasure ,i f\nd b5ea? ! great ,lat9 cross kn[n z ,/4 ,saturn9 or ,/4 ,s]n9's *ur* at ,t\l\se--a treasure ,i took to my he>t1 :i* x cont9ues to enri*1 & hall[1 & beautify4 ,i turn$ aside f my we>y pa? to f9d consolation & re/ 9 ?is great cruci=m temple1 & n 9 va94 ,o little isle ( peace 9 an ocean ( sorr[6 h[ sweetly did ! h\rs pass 9 ?y s]5e atmosph]e6 ,! ,vade 9 pace came to my s\l l ! sun aft] a great tempe/1 re/or+ brightness & fre%ness to my _w4 ,a ?\s& t5d] & holy emotions float+ ar\nd1 l ! birds 9 ! ar*es ( ,notre ,dame de ,p>is2 came ne/l+ to my he>t4 ,at su* mom5ts ,! eyes =get ! te>s !y h %$1 ,! he>t =gets its sorr[ & a*e4 ,b x is n my int5tion to indulge "h 9 any display ( p]sonal emotion4 ,i only wi%1 9 gratitude = _m holy memories1 to note d[n a few ( ! impressions ,i receiv$ 9 a sacr$ place1 & m5tion 9 a simple way "s ( ! objects t int]e/$ me p>ticul>ly1 b n z a connoisseur ( ,*ri/ian art4 ,i am sure no "o has ev] liv$ 9 ,ca?olic c\ntries )\t feel+ ?ankful t !re is "o door ev] op5 to ! pass]-by1 ) its mute appeal to s9ful1 sorr[+ humanity to ent] & lay d[n its burd54 ,x is ! door ( ,god's h\se1 :i* rejects no "o--always op51 rem9d+ u t ! ,all-,fa!r is ev] ready to receive u4 ,:o c resi/ ! appeal8 ,h[ _m a poor peasant h ,i se51 ) c>e on ! br[1 turn aside = a mom5t into a *ur*1 lay d[n ! basket ( provisions or ut5sils = a brief pray]1 & !n g on 8 way refre%$6 ,^! ev]-op5 *ur*es are l f\nta9s by ! wayside1 :]e ! heat$ & foot-worn travell] may f9d re/ & a cool+ draught1 )\t money & )\t price4 ,ah6 :o w\ld close ?y gates1 ,o h\se ( pray]8 ,z ! poet says3 ,is !re1 ,o my ,god6 an h\r 9 all life :5 ! he>t c be we>y ( pray]8 :5 man1 :om ?\ do/ deign to he> 9 ?y temple1 c h no inc5se to (f] be=e ?y alt>1 no te> to confide to !e8 #ajb ,ev5 ! undev\t _c pass "o ( ! gr& old *ur*es ( ! middle ages ) indiff]5ce2 especially "o l ! basilica ( ,/4 ,s]n91 ) s _m hi/oric & religi\s memories connect$ ) x1 & :i* seems to appeal to e in/9ct ( our nature4 ,ent]+ ?is great *ur* by ! we/]n portal1 ,i c\ld n =get t ?r\gh x _h pass$ ?ree ,roman pontiffs & _m a k+ ( ,france4 ,pope ,urban ,,ii41 return+ f ! ,c\ncil ( ,cl]mont1 :]e ! fir/ crusade _h be5 decid$ ^u1 came1 9 ! ye> ( our ,"l #ajif1 to consecrate ?is *ur*1 built on ! ru9s ( two o!rs4 ,"s days aft] came ,c\nt ,raymond de ,/4 ,gilles1 ! h]o ( ! ,holy ,w>s1 to pray be=e ! tomb ( ,/4 ,saturn91 foll[$ by pr9cely vassals1 be=e review+ ! "o hundr$ ?\s& soldi]s at ! head ( :om he op5$ a passage to ! ,holy ,sepul*re4 ,8 two noble sons1 ,b]tr& & ,alphonse ,j\rda91 likewise pass$ ?r\gh ! same door1 prec$$ by _! family bann]1 be=e go+1 l _! glori\s fa!r1 to die 9 ! ,holy ,l&4 ,simon de ,mont=t1 ( ,albig5sian memory1 be=e be+ inve/$ ) ! comt ( ,t\l\se1 came "h to kneel be=e ! tombs ( ! apo/les & m>tyrs4 ,among ! k+s ( ,france1 ,philippe-le-,h>di came "h f\r times4 ,*>les ,,vi41 ,l\is ,,xi41 ,l\is ,,xiii41 & ,l\is le ,gr& also r5d]$ homage to ! sa9ts h]e9 en%r9$4 ,above all1 ,sa9t ,b]n>d1 ,/4 ,dom9ick1 & _m o!r r5[n$ sa9ts trod ^! pavem5ts & pray$ "u ^! ar*es6 444 ,"s may ?9k lightly ( ^! associations1 & say1 ,a man's a man = a' t2 b !re are no great] h]o-wor%ipp]s ?an ! ,am]icans2 none love a title m ?an a /an* republican2 & ,i1 a ,hebrew ( ! ,hebrews6 frankly own to ?is little weakness4 ,i love ! gr& old names & titles4 ,i look ) curiosity & respect on ! footpr9ts ( k+s & crusad]s1 & ev5 ( knights ( l[ degree1 & ,i tread ) rev]5ce ! /ones ! bless$ sa9ts h trod4 444 ,/4 ,s]n9's *ur*1 built 9 imitation ( ,/4 ,paul's at ,rome1 is ( ! ,lat9 /yle1 cruci=m 9 %ape1 t]m9at+1 9 pi\s memory ( ! five sacr$ w\nds ( our ,savi\r1 ) five *apels t[>d ! holy ,ea/2 = ! ori5tation is c>efully fix$1 z 9 all anci5t *ur*es4 ,!re are five naves 9 ?is *ur*1 sep>at$ by f\r r[s ( maje/ic pill>s4 ,x is r>e to f9d ^! collat]al naves4 ,on ent]+ ?is *ur*1 "o is pr(\ndly impress$ by ! maje/ic ar*es & ! l5g? ( ! gr& nave ) ! d\ble r[ ( arcades on ea* side4 ,a my/]i\s light1 com+ "o h>dly kn[s :5ce1 is diffus$ ?r\gh ! multipli$ ar*es1 dispos+ ! s\l to calmness & m$itation4 ,! long naves all seem1 ?r\gh ! conv]g+ r[s ( columns1 to po9t to t alt> 9 ! di/ance :]e is se5 ! tw9kl+ light t ev] burns be=e ! tab]nacle1 draw+ "o on l a p[]ful magnet4 ,! ,*ri/ian he>t feels ! influ5ce ( a ,pres5ce diffus$1 l ! light be=e ,,x1 ?r\gh\t ! va/ enclosure4 ,?oreau1 :o only wor%ipp$ nature1 impress$ by ! religi\s atmosph]e ( a great ,ca?olic ca!dral1 said su* a va/ cave at h& 9 ! mid/ ( a city1 ) its /ill atmosph]e & sombre light dispos+ to s]i\s1 pr(itable ?\ght1 is wor? ?\s&s ( our 7,prote/ant7 *ur*es :i* are op5 only on ,sundays4 #ajc ,i ?9k1 says he1 ( its value1 n only to religion1 b to philosophy & poetry3 besides a read+-room1 to h a ?9k+ room 9 e city6 ,& :o c tell ! influ5ce1 n only on ! m9d & he>t1 b on ! ta/e1 ( su* a *ur* ) its pa9t+s1 /atu>y1 holy emblems1 & antique %r9es :i* h = ages be5 ! glory ( "o's city1 & intimately connect$ ) its pa/ hi/ory8 ,! mo/ /rik+ object1 on ent]+ ! pr9cipal nave1 is ! tomb ( ,/4 ,s]n91 rais$ 9 ! air on ! uplift$ heads ( f\r gild$ bulls4 ,ov] x is a baldaqu9 on :i* is repres5t$ ! apo!osis ( ! sa9t4 ,! :ole is ri*ly gild$1 &1 :5 light$ up1 has a brilliant effect4 ,,ossa ,,sancti ,,saturn9i1 9 l>ge gild$ lett]s1 is inscrib$ on ! s>cophagus4 ,at fir/ ! taureaux puzzl$ me4 ,i ?\ght ( ! bulls ( ,ba%an--( ! cattle ^u a ?\s& hills--& ( ! sacrifices ( ! old law1 b ,i c\ld n see _! connection ) ,/4 ,saturn94 ,b 9 recall+ 8 m>tyrdom ,i f\nd ! solution ( my p]plexity4 ,/4 ,s]n91 ! apo/le & fir/ ,bi%op ( ,t\l\se1 0 s5t by ,pope ,/4 ,fabian1 9 ! ?ird c5tury1 to c>ry ! light ( fai? into ,gaul4 ,8 success 9 ! conv]sion ( ! p to ,*ri/ianity s infuriat$ ! prie/s ( ,jupit] & ,m9]va1 :o 7 specially wor%ipp$ 9 ! capital ( ,t\l\se1 t !y "o day seiz$ him1 &1 on 8 refus+ to sacrifice to ! gods1 atta*$ him to ! feet ( an infuriat$ wild bull1 :o leap$ d[n ! hill1 da%+ out ! bra9s ( ! sa9t4 ,two holy wom5 ga!r$ toge!r 8 rema9s1 b ! place ( _! burial 0 kn[n only to a few till aft] ! triumph ( ! ,*ri/ian religion 9 ! empire ( ,rome4 ,an oratory 0 erect$ ov] 8 tomb 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 & lat] a *ur* rose :i* 0 complet$ by ! great ,/4 ,exup]ius1 ! sev5? successor ( ,/4 ,s]n9 9 ! see ( ,t\l\se--t sa9t s r5[n$ = 8 *>ities & le>n+1 & ^: rema9s are en%r9$ 9 ?is *ur*4 ,he 0 ! fri5d ( ,/4 ,j]ome1 :o correspond$ ) him1 & d$icat$ to him 8 comm5t>y on ! prophecies ( ,za*>y4 ,/4 ,exup]ius ev5 sold ! sacr$ vessels ( ! alt> to fe$ 8 flock dur+ a great fam9e1 s ! ,body ( ,*ri/ _h to be c>ri$ 9 an osi] basket1 & a *alice ( glass 0 us$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! alt>--a *alice c>efully pres]v$ by a grateful p till ! ,revolution ( #agic4 ,"o loves to recall1 among ! _m sa9t$ bi%ops ( ,t\l\se1 t fl[] ( royal blood1 ,l\is ( ,anj\1 gr&-nephew ( ,/4 ,l\is1 ,k+ ( ,france1 & nephew ( ! de> ,/4 ,elizabe? ( ,hung>y4 ,at ! age ( tw5ty-"o he 0 (f]$ a k+dom1 :i* he refus$ 9 favor ( 8 bro!r1 wi%+ to consecrate himself to ,god among ! ,franciscans4 ,jesus ,*ri/ is my k+dom1 said he4 ,possess+ him1 ,i h all ?+s3 )\t him1 ,i h no?+4 ,he 0 orda9$ prie/ at ! age ( tw5ty-two1 & oblig$ by holy ob$i5ce to accept ! see ( ,t\l\se4 ,be=e receiv+ episcopal consecration he made a pilgrimage to ,rome & took ! habit ( ,/4 ,francis4 ,! ,t\l\sa9s receiv$ him ) magnific5ce z a pr9ce1 & rev]$ him z a sa9t4 ,l ,/4 ,exup]ius1 he 0 devot$ to ! poor1 to :om he gave ! great] "p ( 8 rev5ues4 #ajd ,e day he f$ tw5ty-five poor m5 at 8 table & s]v$ !m himself1 sometimes on 8 knees4 ,t]rifi$ by ! obligations ( 8 (fice1 he begg$ to be releas$ f !m1 & ,god grant$ :at m5 d5i$4 ,dur+ 8 la/ sickness1 he exclaim$3 ,i h at la/ arriv$ 9 sight ( ! desir$ hav54 ,i am go+ to enjoy ! pres5ce ( my ,god1 ( :i* ! _w w\ld deprive me4 ,he di$ ) ! ,ave ,m>ia on 8 lips1 at ! age ( tw5ty-?ree & a half ye>s4 ,:at r5d]s ! basilica ( ,/4 ,s]n9 "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable & "o ( ! holie/ spots 9 ! _w1 aft] ,j]usalem & ,rome1 is ! numb] ( ! sa9ts h]e9 en%r9$4 ,! c\nts ( ,t\l\se br\ght back f ! ,holy ,l& _m relics :i* !y obta9$ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,?us a great "p ( ! body ( ,/4 ,george 0 br\ght f ,pale/9e by ,william ,taillef]1 eigh? ,c\nt ( ,t\l\se4 ,k+s ( ,france also end[$ ?is *ur* ) relics4 ,^? ( ,/4 ,edmund1 ,k+ ( ,engl&1 7 br\ght to ,france by ,l\is ,,viii4 ,! crypts 9 :i* mo/ ( ^! relics are conta9$ are int5d$ to recall ! catacombs ( ,rome4 ,9 ! elev5? c5tury !y 7 n 9 %r9es or reliqu>ies1 b repos$ 9 m>ble tombs1 & ! fai?ful w5t to pray be=e !m1 z 9 ! crypts ( ,/4 ,calixtus on ! ,appian ,way4 ,ov] ! door lead+ into ! upp] crypts is ! inscription1 ,hic sunt vigiles qui cu/odiunt civitatem1 & ov] ! door ( ! pilgrims1 ,non e/ 9 toto sanctior orbe locus4 ,?is door leads to ! inf]ior crypts1 :i* y desc5d by a flight ( /eps4 ,! num]\s pilgrims ( ! middle ages paus$ on ea* /ep to repeat a pray]4 ,?us !y pass$ on into ! num]\s passages ( ! crypts1 recall+ ! catacombs4 ,z y g d[n into !m1 y pause amid y\r pray]s to read an inscription1 9 r$ lett]s1 on a :ite m>ble tablet3 ,"u ! auspices1 & by ! pi\s munific5ce ( ! emp]ors ,*>lemagne1 ,l\is le ,dbonnaire1 & ,*>les le ,*auve1 ! wond]ful basilica ( ,saturn9 has receiv$ ! preci\s rema9s ( sev]al apo/les & ( a great numb] ( m>tyrs1 virg9s1 & confessors ( ! fai?4 ,! dukes ( ,aquita9e1 ! c\nts ( ,t\l\se1 h increas$ ?is treasure4 ,! magi/rates ( ?is capital h fai?fully gu>d$ x4 ,"h ,religion pres]ves = ! et]nal edification ( ! fai?ful a portion ( ! cross ( our ,"l1 a ?orn f 8 cr[n1 7! gift ( ,c\nt ,alphonse1 bro!r ( ,/4 ,l\is17 a fragm5t f ! rock ( ! ,holy ,sepul*re1 7glori\s conque/ ( ! ,t\l\sa9 crusad]s47 & a piece ( a g>m5t ( ! ,"m ( ,god4 ,"u ^! vaults1 ,o pi\s travell]6 are v5]at$ ! relics ( ,/4 ,pet]1 ,/4 ,paul1 ,/4 ,james ! major1 ,/4 ,james ! m9or1 ,/4 ,philip1 ,/4 ,simon1 ,/4 ,jude1 ,/4 ,b>naby1 ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 apo/les4 ,/4 ,claudius1 ,/4 ,cresc5tius1 ,/4 ,nico/ratus1 ,/4 ,simplicius1 ,/4 ,ca/or1 ,/4 ,*ri/oph]1 ,/4 ,julian1 ,/4 ,cyr1 ,/4 ,asciscle1 ,/4 ,cyril1 ,/4 ,blasius1 ,/4 ,george4 ,! fir/ bi%ops ( ,t\l\se1 ! s]ies ( :om date f ! ?ird c5tury3 ,sa9t ,saturn91 ,/4 ,honorius1 ,/4 ,hilaire1 ,/4 ,sylvius1 ,/4 ,exup]ius1 repose 9 ?is *ur*4 ,n f> f _! v5]at$ rema9s are ^? ( ,/4 ,hone/us1 ,/4 ,pap\l1 ,/4 ,william1 ,duke ( ,aquita9e1 ,/4 ,edmund1 ,k+ ( ,engl&1 ,/4 ,gilles1 ,/4 ,gilb]t1 ,/4 ,?omas ( ,aqu91 ,/4 ,v9c5t ( ,paul1 ,/4 ,raymond1 ,pope ,/4 ,pius ,v41 ,/4 ,susanna1 ,/4 ,julietta1 ,/4 ,m>g>et1 ,/4 ,ca?>9e1 ,/4 ,lucia1 & ( ,/4 ,aga?a4 #aje ,gr[ n we>y1 k9d read]1 ov] ?is long li/ ( names1 = ea* "o has its hi/ory1 :i* is int]wov5 ) t ( ,holy ,*ur*4 ,let u r l+] ) love & fai? ov] ea* "n1 :e!r humble or mighty on e>?--n[ pot5t 9 heav56 ,let u murmur !m 9 rev]5ce1 = "s ( !m are inscrib$ on ! f\ndations ( ! ,new ,j]usalem--& all gleam l preci\s /ones on its walls--all ^! did we> on e>? ! jewell$ /ate ( suff]+1 b !y are n[ triumphant 9 heav51 & _! memory has long be5 glori\s on e>?4 ,"o feels deeply aw$ 9 desc5d+ among ^! %r9es conta9+ ! bodies ( ! sa9ts--temples ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,virtue ha? n yet gone out f !m1 z is te/ifi$ by ! wond]s /ill wr\ght at _! tombs4 ,_m ( ! pres5t %r9es are antique1 "s co/ly1 & all int]e/+1 b !y h lo/ _! anci5t spl5dor4 ,_! magnific5ce be=e ! ,revolution may be imag9$ f exi/+ descriptions4 ,^! tell u (1 among o!rs1 ! silv] %r9e ( ,/4 ,edmund1 an ex-voto f ! city ( ,t\l\se1 9 #afhd1 9 gratitude = deliv]ance f ! plague1 adorn$ ) /atues ( solid silv]4 ,:5 ! sa9t 0 transf]r$ to ?is *sse1 x 0 expos$ to ! v5]ation ( ! p = eight days1 & all ! p>i%es ( ! environs came to honor !m4 ,"s days !re 7 fifty processions1 :i* gives an idea ( ! lively fai? & piety ( t age4 ,! octave 0 t]m9at$ by a g5]al procession 9 ! city1 9 :i* 7 borne =ty f\r %r9es1 ! mo/ ( !m silv]1 & adorn$ ) gold & preci\s /ones4 ,& :51 9 #ache1 ! relics ( ,/4 ,james ! major 7 transf]r$ to a new %r9e1 ! ,duc de ,b]ry1 bro!r ( ,*>les ,,vi41 gave = x a silv] bu/ ( ! sa9t1 a gold *a9 to :i* 0 atta*$ a sapphire ( great value1 surr\nd$ by rubies & pe>ls1 ) o!r jewels :i* adorn$ ! bu/ till ! "t ( ! ,revolution4 ,l ,madame de ,/al1 ,i love ?is prodigality ( t]re/rial gifts to ano!r _w--(f]+s f "t to et]nity6 ,suffici5t = ! morr[ are ! c>es requir$ by human economy4 ,oh6 h[ mu* ,i love :at w\ld be useless wa/e1 7 life no?+ bett] ?an a c>e] ( toil = despicable ga96 ,?\gh ^! %r9es are /ripp$ ( mo/ ( _! =m] spl5dor1 ! ine/imable relics rema9 /ill v5]at$ by ! p4 ,!y no long] g !re 9 ! old g>b ( ! pilgrim1 ) s&al %oon & scallop-%ell1 or only occasionally1 b _! fai? is z pr(\nd1 & _! piety z g5u9e4 ,i 0 s =tunate z to meet a pilgrim 9 ! or?odox g>b z ,i 0 go+ into ! *ur*4 ,he ent]$ j be=e me4 ,he 0 clad 9 a loose br[n habit :i* ext5d$ to 8 feet4 ,ov] 8 %\ld]s 0 a cape1 ar\nd :i* 7 fa/5$ scallop-%ells1 z we see 9 pictures ( pilgrims4 ,8 feet 7 s&all$4 ,8 s&als 7 ) travel tore3 ,/aff1 budget1 bottle1 scrip he wore4 ,9 tru?1 he _h a bundle susp5d$ by a /ick on 8 %\ld]4 ,8 hair 0 disord]$1 8 eyes ca/ d[n1 & he w5t f %r9e to %r9e pay+ 8 devotions1 reg>dless ( e "o4 ,f ! way 9 :i* he made ! sign ( ! cross ,i took him to be a ,spani>d4 ,i felt an indescribable emotion ( pity = him ^: contrition _h induc$ to assume a p5it5tial g>b1 & g f *ur* to *ur* liv+ on alms1 & ,i pray$ t 8 s\l might f9d peace--t peace :i* ! _w _c give6 #ajf ,"o ( ! fir/ subt]ranean *apels ,i ent]$ 0 t ( ! ,sa9te-,ep9e1 9 :i* is a beautiful silv] reliqu>y1 conta9+ "o ( ! ?orns f ! cr[n our suff]+ ,savi\r wore4 ,x 0 giv5 by ,/4 ,l\is to 8 bro!r ,alphonse1 :o m>ri$ ,jeanne1 daught] ( ,raymond ,,vii41 la/ ,c\nt ( ,t\l\se4 ,on ! pavem5t ( ! *apel is grav5 ?is anci5t di/i*1 lik5+ ! ,sa9te-,ep9e1 surr\nd$ by ! bodies ( ?irte5 sa9ts1 to a ?orn among roses3 ,quisquis es ext]nus qua]5s miracula sixte1 ,en tr$ecim pul*ris insita sp9a rosis4 ,aft] ! ,revolution a holy prie/ ( ,t\l\se e/abli%$1 9 honor ( ?is preci\s relic1 ! ,confrat]nity ( ! ,holy ,?orn1 compos$ ( ! mo/ f]v5t ,ca?olics ( ! city4 ,afflict$ by ! prolong$ captivity ( ,pope ,pius ,,vii41 !y begg$ ( ,god 8 deliv]ance--n only at _! own %r9es1 b at t ( ,/4 ,g]ma9e ( ,pibrac4 ,_! pray]s 7 he>d4 ,on ! #b;d ( ,febru>y1 #ahad1 ! holy fa!r sl[ly & sadly pass$ ! walls ( ,t\l\se on 8 way to ,italy1 lock$ up 9 8 c>riage6 ,! highway 0 completely ob/ruct$ by ! cr[ds ( p1 :o1 all ba!d 9 te>s1 w5t out to meet him1 & on _! knees bes\ght 8 b5$iction4 ,among !m 7 ! vot>ies ( ! ,sa9te-,ep9e1 rais+ _! h&s to heav5 9 behalf ( ! holy captive4 ,! pope e>ne/ly desir$ to ent] ! city t he might v5]ate ! body ( ! angelic doctor1 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,s]n91 b x 0 n deem$ exp$i5t to entru/ su* a gue/ to ! fai?ful ,t\l\sa9s4 ,halt+ beyond ! ramp>ts1 m]ely to *ange _! horses & obta9 refre%m5ts1 !y hurri$ on z if afraid ( los+ _! prison]4 ,9 ano!r *apel ( ! crypts is ! alt> ( ,/4 ,simon & ,/4 ,jude1 conta9+ _! relics4 ,x 0 consecrat$ by ,pope ,calixtus ,,ii4 ,old leg5ds tell u t ^! apo/les 7 two ( ! %eph]ds ( ,be?lehem1 :o fir/ he>d ! ,gloria 9 ,excelsis4 ,"o loves to believe t !y :o 7 encircl$ by ! brightness ( ,god1 to :om angels talk$1 & :o 7 fir/ at ! mang]1 %\ld aft]w>d be call$ to foll[ our ,savi\r & prea* ! glad tid+s1 :i* !y _h he>d f angelic tongues1 to ! nations af> (f4 ,!y c\ld n h lo/ sight ( him :o 0 s miracul\sly reveal$ to !m4 ,!y mu/ h ha/5$ to jo9 him z soon z he ent]$ ^u 8 public life4 ,9 a ni*e1 close by ! *apel ( ,/4 ,simon & ,/4 ,jude1 is ! entire body ( ,/4 ,gilles1 to :om ! old c\nts ( ,t\l\se _h a p>ticul> devotion1 especially ,raymond ,,iv41 :o is inv>iably /yl$ 9 hi/ory ,raymond de ,/4 ,gilles4 ,?is sa9t 0 v popul>1 n only 9 ,france1 b 9 ,engl& & ,scotl&4 ,a l>ge hospital = lep]s 0 built by ! que5 ( ,h5ry ,i4 outside ! city ( ,london1 :i* has giv5 its "n to a l>ge di/rict ( t city2 & ,/4 ,giles is ! patron sa9t ( ,ed9burgh1 :]e a *ur* 0 built "u 8 invocation n lat] !n #acei4 ,?is r5d]s 8 %r9e a place ( int]e/ to all :o speak ! ,engli% tongue4 ,/4 ,s]n9 possesses1 too1 ! body ( "o ( ,engl&'s sa9t$ k+s & t ( h] patron sa9t4 ,/4 ,gilles1 or ,/4 ,giles1 0 an ,a!nian ( royal blood1 :o1 fe>+ ! admiration excit$ by 8 tal5ts1 w5t to ,france1 & became a h]mit 9 a cave ne> ! m\? ( ! ,rhone4 #ajg ,he subsi/$ on ! produce ( ! woods & ! milk ( a tame h9d4 ,aft] 8 dea? a magnific5t mona/]y1 & !n a city1 rose r\nd 8 tomb1 & gave 8 "n to ! c\nts ( ,langu$oc4 ,9 a l>ge portable *sse is ! head ( ! glori\s ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as1 ! au?or ( ! pr(\nd ,summa ,!ologiae & ! sublime ,(fice ( ! ,bless$ ,sacram5t1 wor?y ( ! tongues ( angels4 ,?is great doctor ( ! middle ages is n dead4 ,8 voice is /ill he>d 9 ! (fice ( ! *ur*1 n[ ) a s+le antiphon unlock+ :ole abysses ( ,scripture1 & n[ 9 almo/ sup]natural melody1 m l ! e*oes ( heav5 ?an m]e poetry ( e>?1 says ,fab]4 ,"o %\ld li/5 to ?is gr& (fice res\nd+ 9 ! ar*es ( ! *ur* :]e its au?or is en%r9$1 :5 ?\s&s ( tap]s1 ar\nd ! en?ron$ o/5sorium1 light up ! brilliant %r9e ( ,/4 ,s]n96 ,x is a =eta/e ( ! song ( ! r$eem$6 ,:5 ! body ( ,/4 ,?omas ( ,aqu91 br\ght f ,italy1 approa*$ ,t\l\se1 ,l\is ( ,anj\1 bro!r ( ,*>les ,v4 ( ,france1 ) ar*bi%ops & mitr$ abbots1 at ! head ( "o hundr$ & fifty ?\s& p1 w5t out to meet x4 ,duke ,l\is & ! pr9cipal lords ( 8 c\rt bore ov] x a canopy blaz+ ) gold & preci\s /ones4 ,ar\nd x float$ six /&>ds3 on two 7 ! arms ( ,france1 ! ?ird ( ,anj\1 ! o!rs ( ! pope1 ! h\se ( ,aqu91 & ! city ( ,t\l\se4 ,!y en%r9$ x magnific5tly 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,dom9icans1 b x has be5 at ,/4 ,s]n9 s9ce ! ,revolution4 ,:5 plac$ 9 its pres5t *sse 9 #aheb1 ! v5]able ,pre ,lacordaire made a panegyric ( ! sa9t1 attract+ an imm5se audi5ce4 ,! arms ( ! illu/ri\s h\se ( ,aqu9 are emblazon$ on 8 alt>4 ,9 pass+ out ( ! crypts on ! side opposite t :i* ,i ent]$ is ! foll[+ inscription3 ,aft] hav+ reunit$ 9 ,cl]mont1 9 ! ye> ( salvation #ajif1 ! fai?ful de/9$ to deliv] ! ,holy ,sepul*re1 ,pope ,urban ,,ii4 wi%$ himself to consecrate ?is basilica1 "o ( ! mo/ preci\s monum5ts ( ,*ri/ian art4 ,! sov]eign pontiff _h ne> him ,raymond ,,iv41 ,c\nt ( ,t\l\se & ( ,/4 ,gilles1 t glori\s pr9ce :o fir/ display$ on 8 bann]s & on 8 armor ! ,holy ,cross ( ! ,savi\r4 ,popes ,clem5t ,,vii41 ,paul ,v44 ,urban ,v41 & ,pius ,,iv4 h grant$ num]\s privileges to ?is abbatial *ur*4 ,^? :o visit its sev5 pr9cipal alt>s obta9 indulg5ces l ^? acquir$ be=e ! sev5 alt>s ( ,/4 ,pet]'s *ur* at ,rome4 ,*>les ,,vi41 ,l\is ,,xi41 ,francis ,i41 ,*>les ,,ix41 ,l\is ,,xiii41 & ,l\is ,,xiv41 k+s ( ,france1 h1 9 pray+1 pass$ ?r\gh ^! holy catacombs4 ,x is "h t 9 all public calamities a pi\s population has con/antly resort$ to implore ! p[]ful int]cession ( ! holy protectors ( ?is antique & religi\s city4 ,!re is hung on ! walls ( ! crypts a curi\s bas-relief ( ! y\?ful ,savi\r1 :i* is suppos$ to date f ! ,c>lov+ian age4 ,he is 9 an aureola1 ovoidal 9 =m1 po9t$ at its two extremities4 ,)\t1 9 ! angles1 are ! emblems ( ! f\r evangeli/s4 ,ar\nd ! head ( our ,savi\r is a nimbus 9 ! =m ( a cross1 on :i* are grav5 ! lett]s ,alpha & ,omega4 ,?is bas-relief 0 evid5tly ! c5tre ( an ext5sive "w4 ,! y\?fulness ( ! features ( ,*ri/ gives a presumption 9 favor ( its antiquity4 #ajh ,he is (t5 f\nd on _m ,*ri/ian s>cophagi1 & 9 _m ( ! pa9t+s ( ! catacombs at ,rome1 ) a y\?ful face4 ,m4 ,didron says t1 f ! ?ird to ! t5? c5tury1 ,*ri/ is (t5] repres5t$ "y & be>dless1 b 8 face1 "y at fir/1 gr[s old] f c5tury to c5tury1 z ,*ri/ianity advances 9 age4 ,! anci5t ,*ri/ian monum5ts at ,rome1 ,aries1 & else:]e repres5t ,*ri/ ) a "y & pleas+ face4 ,_m non-,ca?olics d n l ^! repres5tations ( our ,savi\r at all4 ,! old ,puritans 7 s oppos$ ev5 to a cross t1 9 #afcd1 !y cut out ! holy emblem f ,/4 ,george's flag2 b !re is n[ a great reaction 9 ?is respect4 ,we pray x may gr[ /ill /rong]4 ,we f9d _m ( ^! repres5tations ( our ,savi\r1 :i* mu/ date f ! beg9n+ ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! ,emp]or ,alex&] ,sev]us1 :o asc5d$ ! ?rone ,a4,d4 #bbb1 _h plac$ 9 8 ,l>>ium a /atue ( ,*ri/1 b we are n told h[ he is depict$4 ,! ,sud>io ( ,v]onica1 ! portrait attribut$ to ,/4 ,luke1 ! /atue rais$ 9 ! city ( ,paneas by ! grateful ,hmorrosse1 :e!r g5u9e or n1 belong to ! e>lie/ ages1 & prove1 says ,m4 ,didron1 t ! ,son ( ,god 0 repres5t$ by pa9t]s & sculptors f ! dawn ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! *apels 9 ! upp] crypts are v int]e/+1 ) _! /atues & bas-reliefs cov]+ ! panell$ ni*es :i* conta9 ! holy relics4 ,!re is1 9 "o ( ! *apels1 a crucifix :i* ,/4 ,dom9ick us$ :5 he prea*$1 & :i* he is said to h held up to animate ! army ( ,simon de ,mont=t1 at ! great battle ( ,muret1 :5 ! ,albig5ses 7 decisively ov]?r[n4 ,lacordaire says ,/4 ,dom9ick 0 n pres5t at ! battle1 b rema9$ 9 a *apel h>d by1 to pray1 l ,moses1 ) uplift$ arms4 ,"o looks ^u ! crucifix ) int]e/4 ,x is ( wood1 black5$ by "t1 & ab\t a y>d 9 l5g?4 ,! feet ( ! ,*ri/ are fa/5$ "o ^u ! o!r1 9 ! ,italian /yle4 ,"o ( ! *apels be>s ! />tl+ title ( ! ,sev5 ,sleep]s1 :i* w\ld seem to savor ( magic or ori5tal leg5d4 ,!y 7 sev5 ,*ri/ians m>tyr$ at ,ephesus1 9 ! reign ( ,trajan1 :]e1 9 ! language ( ,scripture1 !y slept 9 ! ,"l4 ,_! bodies hav+ be5 f\nd 9 ! ye> #dgi1 x 0 said1 9 my/ic /yle1 t !y _h awak5$ aga91 aft] a sleep ( m ?an two hundr$ ye>s4 ,honor+ !m collectively1 x became a cu/om to call !m ! ,sev5 ,sleep]s1 & ! ,mohamm$ans h pres]v$ ! tradition z well z ,*ri/ians4 ,a *apel d$icat$ to !m is r>ely f\nd2 b ,mrs4 ,jameson says !y p]petually occur 9 ! m9iatures1 sculpture1 & /a9$ glass ( ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? c5turies4 ,!y are f\nd 9 ! *apel ( ,edw>d ! ,confessor at ,we/m9/]4 ,_! /atues1 ly+ side by side on a b$ ( /one1 7 =m]ly 9 _! *apel at ,/4 ,s]n91 b only two ( !m n[ rema94 ,9 ! treasury ( ! abbey ( ,/4 ,saturn9 7 =m]ly _m curi\s & valuable objects4 ,"o ( ^!1 n[ 9 ! museum at ,t\l\se1 is ! horn ( ,orl&o1 :i*1 inde$1 is ornam5t$ ) figures 9 ! /yle ( ! age ( ,*>lemagne4 ,dur+ ! la/ days ( ,holy ,week1 :5 ! bells 7 hu%$ dur+ ! awful days commemorat+ our ,savi\r's passion & dea?1 ! prolong$ notes ( ?is horn call$ ! fai?ful to pray]4 ,a simil> "o 0 us$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,or5s at ,au*1 :i* is /ill c>efully pres]v$4 #aji ,"o loves :atev] recalls ,orl&o1 ! type ( ,*ri/ian *ivalry4 ,_m a tradition ( him l+]s 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,roncesvalles claims to possess 8 armor1 & ,blaye 8 t]rible sword & 8 tomb4 ,9 ! c\ntry ( ! ,escualdunae is ! ,pas de ,rol&1 a gigantic footpr9t on a l>ge rock4 ,at ! o!r extremity ( ! ,pyr5ees1 9 ,r\ssillon1 ! long table ( a ,celtic dolm5 is call$ by ! p ,le ,palet de ,rol&2 & l>ge depressions 9 ! =m ( a semi-circle1 9 ?is "p ( ,france1 m>k ! passage ( ,orl&o's /e$--t /e$ ov] :i*1 :5 dead1 8 ma/] wept1 begg+ 8 =giv5ess if he _h ev] be5 ill-treat$4 ,! poet tells u ! horse op5$ 8 eyes k9dly on 8 ma/]1 & nev] /irr$ m4 ,"o w\ld l to ?9k ?is ! v]itable horn ( ,orl&o--:i* 0 s p[]ful1 :5 s\nd$ = ! la/ "t1 t ! v birds ( ! air fell dead1 ! ,s>ac5s fell back 9 t]ror1 & ,*>lemagne & 8 c\rt he>d its notes af> (f4 ,!re is f> m enjoym5t 9 accept+ all ^! local traditions ?an 9 disput+ _! tru?4 ,let u res]ve our incr$ulity = s-call$ hi/ory4 ,f ! t[] ( ,/4 ,s]n9 !re is a magnific5t view ( ! ,pyr5ees f sea to sea1 & ( a l>ge ext5t ( c\ntry full ( hi/oric & religi\s associations4 ,directly b5ea? is ! old city ( ,t\l\se1 recall+ ,clem5ce ,isaure & ! gold5 violets1 & ! tr\bad\rs ( an old] "t4 ,/4 ,an?ony ( ,padua frequ5t$ its fam\s s*ools4 ,/4 ,dom9ick "h f\nd$ ! ord] ( ,prea*+ ,fri>s1 :i* has giv5 s _m doctors & mission>ies to ! *ur*4 ,/4 ,v9c5t ,f]ri] prea*$ yond] 9 ,/4 ,george's ,squ>e4 ,9 t same ,place aft]w>d prea*$ ,fri> ,?omas de ,illirico aga9/ ! excesses ( ! ,c>nival1 & aga9/ all games ( *ance1 ) su* effect t all ! c>ds f\nd 9 ! %ops 7 publicly burn$ & ! trade ( c>d-mak] aboli%$4 ,"o day1 aft] ! prea*+ ( ?is s]vant ( ,god1 ! capit\ls _h plac$ on ! five pr9cipal gates ( ! city a m>ble tablet :i* bore en relief ! holy "n ( ,,jesus support$ by angels--t "n s p[]ful = def5ce t x makes ! v demons tremble6 ,ano!r fam\s prea*] ( t "t induc$ ! capit\ls to appo9t f\r wat*m5 to patrol ! city at night1 f "o till five1 & *ant+ l\dly3 ,rveillez-v\s1 g5s qui dormez1 ,priez ,dieu p\r les trpassez4 ,be=e leav+ ,/4 ,s]n91 we /op to murmur a ,requiescant 9 pace at ! tombs ( ! c\nts ( ,t\l\se1 ! fir/ sov]eigns :o /yl$ !mselves ,by ! grace ( ,god1 & ^: hi/ory is s glori\s & yet s sad & tragical4 ,& z no ,ca?olic ,*ri/ian quits a *ur* )\t leav+ a tribute ( love be=e ! alt> ( ! ,madonna1 s1 be=e reluctantly leav+ ?is antique basilica1 p]fum$ ) a ?\s& memories1 ,i drop my bead at ! feet ( ,m>y1 rememb]+ t 9 ?is c\ntry 7 fir/ /rung toge!r ! bright jewels ( ! ros>y1 :i* h ev] s9ce adorn$ ! g>m5ts ( ,*ri/'s sp\se--! ,*ur*4 ,,ave ,,m>ia6 ---------- #aaj ,! ,little ,si/]s ( ! ,poor4 ,! ?\ghtful s\l1 :e!r )9 or )\t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 _c fail to be impress$ ) ! ext5t ( h] *>ities4 ,! fa!rless1 ! wid[1 ! ag$1 ! poor1 z ,/4 ,laur5ce ! m>tyr decl>$ :5 ord]$ by ! prefect ( ,rome to deliv] to him ! weal? ( ! *ur*--^! are h] ri*es4 ,b "o mu/ be )9 ! fold to appreciate ! univ]sality ( h] b\nty2 to see t e ne$ ( suff]+ humanity1 z x rises1 f9ds pi\s s\ls ^: vocation x is to look aft] t v ne$1 to provide = t v want2 & ! smallness ( ! beg9n+ ( ea* _w-wide *>ity makes ! humble-he>t$ leap ) joy t1 ev5 9 ! n>r[e/ sph]e1 e "o may be privileg$ to help our de> ,"l 9 ! p]son ( 8 poor4 ,:5 ,/4 ,francis ( ,assisi gave 8 rule ( /rict pov]ty to ! t5 unit$ ) him 9 hung]+ to "w = ,*ri/1 x ne$$ m ?an 8 great fai? to believe t1 9 =ty-two ye>s aft] 8 dea?1 two hundr$ ?\s& zeal\s s\ls w\ld be b&$ toge!r1 "u 8 "n1 = pray] & alms-de$s2 :ile1 ?r\gh all com+ ages ( ! *ur*1 8 foll[]s %\ld /eadily increase1 /eadfa/ 9 ! "w = :i* !y _h jo9$ h&s4 ,:51 9 #aecg1 ,angela ,m]ici1 ( ,brescia1 a lady ( bir? & =tune1 sorr[+ ov] ! dea? ( a well-belov$ si/]1 soo!d h] grief by devot+ h]self to ! education ( poor female *ildr51 at a "t :5 f\r doctors ( ! law decl>$ ! in/ruction ( wom5 ! "w ( ! devil1 %e did n realize t f ! grave ( h] own sorr[ w\ld spr+ ! f>-fam$ ord] ( ,ursul9es1 7a beautiful resurrection67 :o collect$ & taught ! poor orphans ( massacr$ p>5ts dur+ ,fr5* revolutions1 & :o held _! infant & ragg$ s*ools long be=e ,engl& _h ?\ght ( !m4 ,:51 9 #afcc1 ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul1 see+ ! mis]y & de/itution ( ! poor 9 ! /reets ( ,p>is1 plac$ f\r "y wom51 :o volunte]$ to aid him 9 reliev+ pres5t di/ress1 9 *>ge ( a noble lady :o _h = sev]al ye>s devot$ h]self to ! "w "u 8 direction1 he sc>cely expect$ to see 9 tw5ty ye>s two hundr$ h\ses & hospitals ( ! ord] ( ,*>ity1 spread+ ev]y:]e _! %elt]+ arms = ! suff]+ poor4 ,franciscans1 ,ursul9es1 ,si/]s ( ,*>ity1 we h 9 our mid/1 %[+1 by _! lives ( self-abnegation 9 ?is h>d1 worldly age & c\ntry1 t ! evangelical c\nsel1 to =sake all = ,*ri/'s sake1 is n obsolete4 ,b ano!r bran* ( ! great tree ( *>ity t1 l ! banyan1 plants itself & rises ) new life & vigor :]ev] x takes root1 is ab\t to spread its b5ign %ad[ ov] our l&4 ,! ,little ,si/]s ( ! ,poor are com+ among u1 & x is well we %\ld "k :5ce !y come & :at is _! "w4 ,l ! old] ord]s 9 ! *ur*1 ,les ,petites ,soeurs des ,pauvres _h a v small beg9n+4 #aaa ,9 ,/4 ,s]van1 a small t[n on ! nor? coa/ ( ,france1 wa%$ by ! wat]s ( ! ,engli% ,*annel1 ! male peasantry h1 f "t immemorial1 obta9$ a scanty liv+ = !mselves & families by foll[+ ! sea4 ,?is life ( exposure & dang] leaves always1 :]ev] x is foll[$1 _m *ildr5 fa!rless & wives wid[s1 & (t5 deprives ag$ p>5ts ( _! only support4 ,x 0 ! cu/om = ^! poor b]eav$ wid[s & p>5ts ( deceas$ fi%]m5 to ga!r ab\t ! *ur*-doors1 ask+ alms ( ! congregation z !y pass$ out2 _m abuses arose out ( ?is way ( di/ribut+ *>ity2 ! bolde/ f>$ ! be/1 & ! money ?us obta9$ 0 (t5 wa/$ 9 dr9k or self-indulg5ce1 )\t provid+ = any real want4 ,! good ,god t\*$ ! he>t ( ! pi\s ,cur ( ,s]van by ! sight ( ^! poor p]sons1 (t5 bl9d1 ag$1 & infirm1 ) none to c>e = !m4 ,9 ! quiet ( 8 own humble home1 ,abb le ,pailleur ?\ght ov] ! condition ( ^! mis]able be+s1 comm5d+ !m to 8 div9e ,ma/]1 & ask+ ! guidance ( him :o _h n :]e to lay 8 head1 9 8 ef=ts = _! relief4 ,! bless$ ,_s guid$ to 8 direction a "y orphan-girl f ! labor+ classes1 :o1 = ! love ( ,god1 desir$ to d some?+ = ^? m de/itute ?an h]self4 ,! cur recomm5d$ to h] c>e an old bl9d woman1 utt]ly )\t fri5ds1 & :o1 f ! scanty alms be/[$ at ! *ur*-door1 0 seldom able to obta9 ! smalle/ pittance1 h] bl9dness prev5t+ h] access to ! *>itably incl9$4 ,n _m weeks pass$1 be=e ano!r poor seam/ress confid$ to h] pa/or ! same desire to "w = ,*ri/'s poor2 %e 0 p]mitt$ to %>e ! labors ( ! o!r1 bo? work+ all day1 & com+ by turns at night to wat* & t5d & to provide = ! old bl9d woman1 ) :at !y c\ld sp>e f _! own small e>n+s4 ,at l5g?1 t !re might be no loss ( "t & labor1 ,m>ie ,augu/9e & ,m>ie ,!resa hir$ an attic :]e !y dwelt toge!r1 & took _! ag$ p5sion] to %>e _! home4 ,"h _! devotion & self-d5ial attract$ ! att5tion ( a s]vant1 ,j5ny ,jugan1 ,footnote #ai :o1 by indu/ry & frugality 9 e>ly life1 _h accumulat$ ab\t six hundr$ francs4 ,%e ask$ to g ) !m1 & to %>e ) !m1 giv+ h] all to ! good "w1 tak+ h] "p ( ! toils & privations1 & br++ ) h] "o or two ag$ poor4 ,?us1 on ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,!resa1 #ahdj1 ! h\se ( ,! ,little ,si/]s ( ! ,poor may be said to h be5 e/abli%$4 ,footnote #ai3 ,j5ny ,jugan 0 ab\t =ty4 ,%e 0 liv+ 9 ! attic m5tion$1 & receiv$ 9 t place ! poor bl9d :o _h be5 "u ! c>e ( ,m>ie ,augu/9e & ,m>ie ,!resa4 ,abb le ,pailleur _h e>ly giv5 !m a rule ( life1 "o article ( :i* !y pond]$ ) special c>e3 ,we w delight above all ?+s 9 %[+ t5d]ness t[>d ^? ag$ poor :o are infirm or sick2 we w nev] refuse to assi/ !m :5 occasion pres5ts itself1 b we mu/ take great c>e n to m$dle 9 :at does n conc]n u4 ,!y /ill w5t ab\t _! daily labors1 & ?\gh _! e>n+s nev] exce$$ "o franc p] day1 at night !y %>$ x ) ^? :om ,god _h confid$ to _! c>e4 ,! cur help$ !m to ! ext5t ( 8 res\rces1 :i* 7 v limit$4 ,pray] & fai? 7 ! means :]eby !y made s little s]ve = s _m4 ,! good ,"l :o he>e? ! cry ( ! rav5s li/5$ to ! plead+ ( ! ,little ,si/]s1 & s5t !m a fai?ful fri5d & b5efactress 9 "o ,fan*ion ,aub]t1 :o took no v[s1 b gave all h] sub/ance to _! "w1 wi%+ to live & die among !m4 #aab ,%e possess$ a little prop]ty1 a small /ock ( ! pla9e/ furniture1 & a quantity ( l952 ) ^! %e came1 %>+ ev]y?+ ) !m & _! poor4 ,by h] ?rift %e _h ga9$ cr$it 9 ,/4 ,s]van1 & ?r\gh h] ! si/]s 7 able to leave ! attic1 & r5t a long1 l[ dwell+ ) space = twelve b$s1 :i* 7 imm$iately fill$4 ,& n[ came ! "t :51 ) ! small b& ( si/]s & ! multiplication ( p5sion]s1 ! age & infirmities ( _! poor requir$ all _! att5tion2 !y c\ld no long] g out to e>n any?+2 & ?\gh ^? ( ! old wom5 :o 7 able did sometimes assi/ ! funds ( ! e/abli%m5t by begg+1 _! fai?ful gu>dians desir$ to save !m f ! temptations & degradation to :i* su* a life too (t5 l$ !m4 ,help came n[ & !n1 b n en\gh to supply all ! ne$y ones1 & ! si/]s (t5 w5t hungry4 ,!y s\ght c\nsel ( ! fa!r ( ! h\se1 ,abb le ,pailleur4 ,aft] pray] & m$itation1 he propos$ to ! si/]s t = ! love ( ,god !y !mselves %\ld become begg>s4 ,mo/ *e]fully !y w5t =? ) baskets on _! arms1 ask+ *>ity1 ! crumbs t fell f ! ri* man's table4 ,f t day !y h provid$ 9 ?is way = _! de/itute ones2 no?+ comes amiss1 ! refuse ( ! table or ! w>drobe is accept$ ?ankfully4 ,^! m5dicant si/]s h nev] be5 )\t _! %>e ( contumely & reproa*4 ,memb]s ( old] ord]s 9 ! beg9n+ turn$ ! cold %\ld] ^u !m1 & !y 7 spurn$ f ! pres5ce ( "o religieuse ) ! reproa*1 ,don't speak to me1 ,i am a%am$ ( y\r basket6 b !y only r5ew$ _! entire consecration to ,god1 & w5t on begg+4 ,at l5g? _! basem5t 0 cr[d$ to suffocation2 ! abb sold 8 gold wat*1 & ) ! rema9s ( ,fan*ion's prop]ty1 & all _! sav+s1 !y made ! fir/ paym5ts = a l>ge h\se2 be=e ! end ( ! ye>1 ! tw5ty-two ?\s& francs 7! price ( ! h\se7 7 all paid4 ,"h !y took t "n s r$ol5t ( sweetness & humility1 ,little ,si/]s ( ! ,poor1 & "h !y accept$ fully :at be=e _h be5 necess>ily imp]fect1 _! rule ( life1 tak+1 9 addition to ! usual v[s ( pov]ty1 *a/ity1 & ob$i5ce1 ! v[ ( hospitality4 ,at ! end ( two ye>s1 fifty ag$ p 7 f$ & clo!d by ! begg+ si/]s1 & com=t$ & c>$ = ) all ! assiduity ( ! mo/ t5d] love4 ,_! rule 0 to divide all ! brok5 victuals among ! poor1 & fe$ !mselves ^u :at rema9$1 nev] murmur+ if !y w5t )\t4 ,"o w9t]'s night1 :5 ! old p1 f$ & c>$ =1 _h gone to _! re/1 ! si/]s _h = _! supp]s only ab\t a qu>t] ( a p\nd ( bread4 ,!y sat d[n *e]fully at ! table1 said _! ,b5$icite1 & pass$ ! bread f "o to ! o!r1 ea* decl9+ any "r to x1 & all pret5d+ to be well able to d )\t x4 ,be=e x _h be5 decid$ h[ ! loaf %\ld be divid$1 ! bell rang2 "s "o _h s5t !m a supply ( meat & bread4 ,tru/ 9 ! ,"l & d good1 & v]ily ?\ %alt be f$1 0 ! motto ( _! holy lives4 ,x w n surprise u to le>n t1 9 return = _! self-sacrifice1 ,almighty ,god gave !m _m s\ls f among ! ab&on$ & (t5 dissolute p1 :o1 b = ! peaceful refuge ( _! home1 w\ld h be5 lo/ 9 ! :irlpool ( ignorance & vice4 ,to br+ back ^! poor creatures to _! =gott5 ,fa!r 0 ! delight ( ! zeal\s si/]s1 & !y felt !mselves well rew>d$ :5 !y saw ^! d>k5$ m9ds op5+ to ! tru?1 & return+ to sit at ! feet ( ,jesus ) lov+ p5it5ce4 #aac ,b ! h\se 0 fill$ to ov]fl[+1 & !y resolv$ to build4 ,!y well knew 9 ^: h&s are ! gold & silv]1 & into 8 ev]-li/5+ e> !y p\r$ _! new want4 ,! reply did n l+]1 = !y work$ z well z pray$4 ,at ! sight ( ! zeal ) :i* !y began to cle> ! /ones f a piece ( gr\nd1 :i* !y already own$1 & to dig ! f\ndations1 workm5 came1 mat]ials 7 s5t1 & alms fl[$ 9 abundantly4 ,"s "t previ\s a p]son f ! ,isl& ( ,j]sey1 :i* is n f> f ,/4 ,s]van1 came to t t[n to seek = an ag$ relative4 ,he f\nd h] %elt]$ by ! ,little ,si/]s1 & ) dev\t ?anksgiv+ to ,god he gave alms ( all t he possess$1 & at 8 dea? bequea!d ! h\se sev5 ?\s& francs4 ,?is legacy fell to !m z !y began ! build+1 & ) ! new h\se came new s\ls1 ready to consecrate !mselves to ! s]vice ( ,god's poor1 & ) ^! new si/]s came ! desire t ! h& ( *>ity might be held out to ! poor ( o!r regions4 ,! eld] ( ! two girls :o 7 fir/ b&$ toge!r 9 ?is ord]1 & :o 0 n[ call$ ,"m ,m>ie ,augu/9e1 ) f\r si/]s1 w5t out f ! "m-h\se1 & e/abli%$ !mselves at ,r5nes1 a t[n ( =ty ?\s& inhabitants1 fifty or sixty miles f _! fir/ home4 ,! tru/ 9 ,provid5ce :i* l$ to ?is movem5t 0 greatly bless$1 & soon !re came ano!r call f ! t[n ( ,d9an4 ,?is call came f ! mayor ( ! city1 :o ?\ght x a wond]ful /roke ( policy to provide = ! t[n's poor )\t draw+ on ! city treasury4 ,! si/]s w5t )\t hesitancy1 & 9 #ahdf _h ?ree well-e/abli%$ h\ses1 :i* t5 ( ! si/]hood support$ by begg+4 ,9 ,france1 z 9 ?is c\ntry1 x has be5 = a long "t ! cu/om = p]sons liv+ 9 ! int]ior to seek ! sea-coa/ dur+ ! summ] mon?s4 ,a "y lady com+ f ,t\rs to ,/4 ,s]van did n1 z too _m d1 leave all ?\ghts ( h] religion beh9d1 b 9 h] tempor>y soj\rn gave h]self to good works4 ,attract$ by ! g5u9e humility & piety ( ! ,little ,si/]s ( ! ,poor1 %e begg$ !m to g back ) h] to ,t\rs4 ,!y ask$ only a ro( to %elt] & lib]ty to "w1 & 9 ,janu>y1 #ahdg1 !y hir$ 9 t city a small h\se 9 :i* !y receiv$ at once a doz5 poor p4 ,9 #ahdh1 !y b\ght1 = #hj1jjj francs1 a v l>ge build+1 & f\nd %elt] = a hundr$4 ,h[ ?is sum 0 paid & ! family support$ rema9s a secret ) ! angel :o makes record ( alms-de$s4 ,= ! food ( ^! poor p1 e caf 0 engag$ to save _! c(fee-gr\nds & tea-leaves1 & s*ools1 colleges1 b>racks1 & families _! cru/s ( bread2 ea* si/]1 z %e w5t =?1 c>ri$ on h] arm a l>ge t9 pail1 divid$ 9 comp>tm5ts1 :i* all[$ ! scraps ( bread & meat1 ) ! cups ( bro? & o!r fragm5ts1 to be kept ap>t f ea* o!r4 ,at _! return1 ^! bits 7 ov]look$1 & by ! h&s ( ! si/]s made into v palatable di%es = _! belov$ poor4 ,b we mu/ n =get t o!r & m ardu\s & disagreeable duties 7 requir$ ( ^! indefatigable work]s ?an ev5 provid+ _! food f su* mat]ial4 #aad ,! nurs+1 t5d+1 & wat*+ ( ^! poor creatures ^: =m] lives ( mis]y _h (t5 br\ght ^u !m repulsive infirmities & diseases1 lift+ ! helpless1 com=t+ ! =lorn1 & be>+ ) ! ungrateful1 all ^! mu/ be %>$ by ^! devot$ wom51 :o _h und]tak5 to foll[ ! comm& ( ! apo/le1 to provide = ! ag$ & ! wid[4 ,mo/ ( ^! nuns came f ! p2 _m ( !m _h witness$ want & woe f _! infancy1 & und]/ood ! special ne$s ( ! poor2 b n[ & !n ladies ( rank & education jo9$ !m1 all work+ toge!r 9 p]fect equality1 ea* und]tak+ t class ( duties = :i* %e 0 be/ fitt$4 ,_m a si/] has be5 truly a m>tyr = ,*ri/1 9 work+ = ^! ignorant1 degrad$ be+s1 (t5 ob/9ate & full ( +ratitude4 ,b x is n = ! sake ( gratitude we nurse !m1 said a si/] ^: pale face %[$ ! we>+ nature ( h] c>es3 x is because 9 !m we see le bon ,dieu6 ,to tell ! /ory ( ! j\rney+s f place to place all ov] ,france1 ! difficulty ) :i* !y took root 9 "s ( ! l>g] cities1 & ! comp>ative welcome !y met 9 ! small] t[ns1 w\ld fill a volume4 ,f ,france !y w5t to ,belgium1 to ,spa91 to ,switz]l&1 & lately to ,irel&1 & ev5 to ,prote/ant ,engl& & ,scotl&4 ,to-day "o hundr$ & eight h\ses ( ?is ord] are scatt]$ ov] ,europe1 ) a si/]hood ( eighte5 hundr$ wom51 :o wat* ov]1 com=t1 & ma9ta9 m ?an twelve ?\s& poor old m5 & wom51 )\t money & )\t price save ! volunt>y (f]+s ( ! *e]ful giv]6 ,9 ,engl& ! appe>ance ( ! ord] excit$ at fir/ mu* curiosity1 b _m turn$ away f !m ) av]sion1 ! av]sion :i* c5turies ( false tea*+ has plant$ 9 ! m9ds ( mo/ ,prote/ant communities aga9/ all religi\s ord]s2 b _! uni=m humility1 g5tl5ess1 & k9dness won ! day4 ,9 ,p>k ,r[1 ,bri/ol1 ,engl&1 9 ,bayswat]1 9 ,london1 z well z 9 o!r places1 _! conv5ts are admirably conduct$1 & !y welcome visitors mo/ cordially2 :]ev] !y g !y become popul>4 ,we get a good deal 9 ,engl&1 said "o ( ! si/]s2 ! ,engli% are v good to u1 ?\gh !y are ,prote/ants4 ,!re is some?+ 9 simple1 hone/ tru/ 9 ,god :i* t\*es ! he>t1 & (t5 ^? :o at fir/ turn$ away f ! begg+ si/]s1 9 ! end prove _! w>me/ support]s4 ,on 8 way to bus9ess a but*]1 belong+ 9 ,london1 & glory+ 9 ! "n ( a /an* ,prote/ant1 0 induc$ to visit "o ( ! conv5ts4 ,he 0 s delight$ ) ! *>ity & ) all he saw1 t he told ! good "m to let ! conv5t c>t call at 8 /all once a week1 & he w\ld give !m s\p-meat = ! h\se4 ,z he w5t away1 8 consci5ce reproa*$ him2 ! horns & ho(s ( ! dreadful bea/ ( :om he _h s (t5 he>d appe>$ be=e him2 he might be suspect$ ( a lean+ t[>d pop]y6 ,b !n 8 ,anglo-,saxon common s5se told him t to help ! ag$ & infirm 0 "r1 pop]y or n1 & he kept 8 ^w2 ! meat is always ready :5 ! c>t arrives1 b no communication passes betwe5 ! si/] :o takes & ! man :o gives2 he has n yet lo/ 8 fe> ( ! sev5 heads & t5 horns1 & ! numb] #fff4 #aae ,! in/itution ( ?is ord] at lea/ makes pla9 "o fact3 t numb]s ( poor c be well support$ f ! wa/e ( ! ri*4 ,x ought also to put to sil5ce ^? :o sc(f at ! idea ( an ov]rul+ ,provid5ce--! liv+ ,god r1 :o c>es = ! rav5 & ! sp>r[1 & is con/antly work+ miracles "u our eyes1 :]eby ! hungry are f$ & ! nak$ clo!d4 ,madame ,guizot de ,witt1 a-,prote/ant lady1 says3 ,e "t ,i visit "o ( ! h\ses ( ! ',little ,si/]s1' & see _! b&s ( old p--ag$ *ildr51 s neatly dress$1 s well tak5 c>e (1 occupi$ & amus$ 9 e way t age or weakness all[1 ,i seem to he> ! voice :i* says1 ',g1 & d ?\ likewise4' ,?is b& ( noble work]s is com+ among u1 to ga!r ! abundance t falls f our tables1 (t5 wa/$1 or ?r[n to dumb bea/s1 :ile s\ls made 9 ! image ( ,god look on ) hungry eyes4 ,h[ %all we greet ^! s]vants ( ,god8 ,if we receive ! ,little ,si/] k9dly1 giv+ ( our pl5ty :5 %e asks1 %e w ?ank ,god2 if we turn away ) cold que/ion+1 %e /ill ?anks ,god t %e may be> trial = 8 sake4 ,to ! ?rifty ,am]ican m9d1 ?is s*eme ( begg>y w1 no d\bt1 appe> to "s z a nuisance1 & call = ! int]f]5ce ( ! laws aga9/ begg+2 b !re are o!rs :om ! h& ( ,god has t\*$2 ^! w welcome to ! fre$om ( our l& a b& ( si/]s ^: *>ity be>e? all ?+s1 endure? all ?+s1 & hope? all ?+s4 ,b h[ev] we receive !m1 !y w /ill g on1 & if !y are turn$ away f "o t[n or city by ! iron h&1 !y w br+ a bless+ ^u ano!r1 bo? n[ & 9 t day :5 ! ,judge %all say1 ,come1 ye bless$ ( my ,fa!r1 possess ! k+dom prep>$ = y f ! f\ndation ( ! _w3 = ,i 0 hungry1 & ye gave me meat2 ?ir/y1 & ye gave me dr9k2 ,i 0 a /rang]1 & ye took me 92 nak$1 & ye cov]$ me3 444 = z long z ye did x to "o ( my lea/ bre?r51 ye did x to me4 ,li/ ,( ,! ,h\ses ,f\nd$ ,by ,! ,little ,si/]s ,( ,! ,poor4 ,9 ,france4-- ,! novitiate at ,lat\r2 ,/4 ,joseph1 ne> ,be*]el1 7,ile et ,vila9e27 ,r5nes2 ,/4 ,s]van2 ,d9an2 ,t\rs2 ,nantes2 ,p>is1 ,rue ,/4 ,jacques ne> ! ,val de ,grace2 ,besanon2 ,ang]s2 ,bordeaux2 ,r\52 ,nancy2 ,p>is1 ,av5ue de ,breteuil2 ,laval2 ,lyon1 la ,vilette2 ,lille2 ,m>seilles2 ,b\rges2 ,pau2 ,vannes2 ,colm>2 ,la ,ro*elle2 ,dijon2 ,/4 ,om]2 ,bre/2 ,*>tres2 ,bolbec2 ,p>is1 ,rue ,becc>ia1 ,faub\rg ,/4 ,anto9e2 ,t\l\se2 ,/4 ,dizi]2 ,le ,havre2 ,blois2 ,le ,maus2 ,t>>e2 ,p>is1 ,rue ,notre ,dame des ,*amps2 ,orleans2 ,/rasb\rg2 ,ca52 ,/4 ,eti5ne2 ,p]pignan2 ,montpelli]2 ,ag52 ,poiti]s2 ,/4 ,qu5t92 ,lisieux2 ,annonay2 ,ami5s2 ,roanne2 ,val5ci5nes2 ,gr5oble2 ,draguignan2 ,*ateaur\x2 ,r\baix2 ,b\logne2 ,dieppe2 ,bezi]s2 ,cl]mont ,f]r&2 ,lyons1 ,la ,croix ,r\sse2 ,metz2 ,nice2 ,lori5t2 ,nev]s2 ,fl]s2 ,villefran*e2 ,cambrai2 ,niort2 ,p>is1 ,rue ,philippe ,g]>d2 ,les ,sables d',olonne2 ,troyes2 ,maubeuge2 ,nimes2 ,t\lon2 ,t\rco+2 ,*]b\rg2 ,val5ce2 ,prigueux2 & "o j n[ beg9n+ 9 ,dunk]que4 ,9 ,switz]l&4--,g5evra4 ,9 ,belgium4-- ,bruxelles1 ,rue ,haute2 ,liege1 at ! ,*>treuse2 ,jemmapes1 ne> ,mons2 ,l\va92 ,antw]p2 ,bruges2 ,o/5de2 ,namur4 #aaf ,9 ,spa94-- ,b>celona2 ,maureza2 ,granada2 ,l]ida2 ,lorca2 ,malaga2 ,antequ]a2 ,madrid1 ,calle della ,hortaletza2 ,ja52 ,reuss2 two m are prep>+ 9 ,val5ce & ,&alusia4 ,9 ,engl&1 ,irel&1 & ,scotl&4-- ,london1 7,s\?w>k17 ,s\? ,lambe? ,road2 ,london1 7,bayswat]17 ,portobello ,lane2 ,man*e/]1 ,plym\? ,grove2 ,bri/ol1 ,p>k ,r[2 ,birm+ham1 ,cambridge ,/reet ,cresc5t2 ,le$s1 ,hanov] ,squ>e2 ,newca/le-on-,tyne1 ,clayton ,/reet2 ,plym\?1 ,/4 ,m>y's2 ,wat]=d2 ,ed9burgh1 ,gilmore ,place2 ,glasg[1 ,g>ngad ,hill2 ,lo*ee1 ne> ,dundee2 a new f\ndation beg9n+ 9 ,tipp]>y4 ,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4-- ,no h\se exi/s z yet1 b ! ,little ,si/]s ( ! ,poor are prep>+ ?ree f\ndations :i* are to take place v soon1 "o 9 ,brooklyn1 ,de ,kalb ,av5ue2 a second "o 9 ,new ,orleans1 9 ! build+s occupi$ by ! ,wid[s' ,home2 ! ?ird "o 9 ,baltimore1 ) ! *>ge1 too1 ( ! ,wid[s' ,home2 besides ^!1 sev]al o!r f\ndations are contemplat$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! next & ( foll[+ ye>4 ---------- ,religion ,m$ically ,consid]$4 ,by ! t]m religion1 we mean t div9e code m]cifully reveal$ by ,god to mank9d1 9 ! old & new disp5sations1 z _! rule ( fai? & practice4 ,its precepts h ref]5ce bo? to ! corporal & spiritual1 ! temporal & et]nal welf>e ( m54 ,religion1 x is true1 9 its high] sph]e1 addresses itself to ! s\l4 ,x embraces ! affections1 emotions1 & s5tim5ts ( our spiritual nature1 & its direction is always t[>d ! inf9ite f\nta9 ( love & wisdom4 ,yet its scope1 :ile = et]nity1 is = "t also4 ,:5 ,god fir/ reveal$ himself to ,moses1 ! ,israelites 7 fa/ relaps+ into hea!nism1 )1 its p]nici\s & degrad+ habits ( life4 ,"u ! div9e inspiration1 h[ev]1 ! prophet imbu$ !m anew ) fai? 9 ! true ,god1 & pres5t$ !m at ! same "t ) an admirable code ( practical life4 ,he taught !m to love & fe> ,god1 to obey 8 comm&m5ts1 to live sob]ly & uprightly 9 !mselves1 & to practise ju/ice & love t[>d ea* o!r4 ,he cont9ually plac$ be=e !m ! div9e promises ( n only et]nal b also temporal rew>ds = ob$i5ce1 &1 9 l mann]1 ! ?reat5$ p5alties ( disob$i5ce4 ,view$ ev5 z practical rules ( liv+ = e>?ly life alone1 8 are models ( excell5ce4 ,no man has ev] done m t[>d reta9+ t tab]nacle ( ! human s\l1 ! e>?ly body1 9 a pure & heal?y condition ?an ?is great lawgiv]4 ,contra/ ! precepts giv5 by ,god ?r\gh him to ! ,israelites aft] he _h br\ght !m out ( ! l& ( ,egypt1 ) ^? ( ! ,egyptians1 ( ! ,canaanites1 & o!r hea!n nations ( ! p]iod4 ,h[ wise & elevat+ are ! t5d5cies ( ! "o6 ,:at inju/ice1 inhumanity1 & degradation m>k ! o!r6 #aag ,on ! "o h&1 love supreme to ,god & to "o's neighbor z "o's self1 jo9$ ) =be>ance1 ju/ice1 tru?fulness1 hone/y1 *a/ity1 temp]ance1 cleanl9ess ev51 & rigid adh]5ce to :at w\ld n[ be t]m$ s\nd sanit>y pr9ciples2 :ile on ! hea!n side1 :at may be compris$ 9 ?ree words--selfi%ness1 s5suality1 & =ce4 ,! fruits ( ob$i5ce to ! =m] 71 ev5 "h1 comp>ative immunity f disease & its suff]+s1 ) enhanc$ mat]ial prosp]ity & happ9ess1 & ) increas$ longevity2 :ile to ! o!r !re came ! legitimate p5alties ( inord9ate self-indulg5ce1 ( selfi%ness & evil-liv+2 ! fruits ( ! laws ( life :i* hea!nism gave to !m4 ,x is h5ce t we claim = religion--= ! religi\s precepts reveal$ to man by ! div9ely inspir$ prophets ( ! old disp5sation1 t !y contribut$ va/ly to ! physical & temporal well-be+ ( ! race4 ,! ,god ( nature requir$ t !re %\ld be no violation ( ! laws ( nature2 t our organs & faculties1 design$ = legitimate uses1 %\ld n be subject$ to abuse & p]v]sion4 ,h5ce temp]ance & mod]ation1 & a rigid avoidance ( :atev] t5d$ to a violation ( ! natural laws ( heal?1 7 enjo9$ ^u man z duties ( religi\s obligation4 ,t ! mortal body might be & rema9 a fit enclosure ( ! immortal s\l1 ! inspir$ tea*+s ( ! old law desc5d$ to ! m9ute/ details ( ! laws ( heal? & life4 ,?is1 inde$1 con/itut$ ! less exalt$ sph]e ( religion1 yet "o ( prime importance1 s f> z ! well-be+ & happ9ess ( e>?ly life 0 conc]n$4 ,ev51 !n1 %\ld we1 = ! mom5t1 ignore religion 9 its high] relations1 & leave out ( ! "q a future exi/5ce1 reg>d+ man m]ely z an animal :o is to be annihilat$ at dea?2 /ill we %all f9d t by its precepts & its influ5ce x has always l>gely contribut$ to 8 measure ( heal?1 happ9ess1 & longevity4 ,x is our purpose1 9 ?is pap]1 to conf9e our rem>ks to ?is view ( ! case1 & to discuss ! influ5ce ( religion & a ,*ri/ian life ^u man 9 8 physical & e>?ly relations4 ,= ! a!i/ ev51 = ! dei/ & ! sceptic1 we claim t ! precepts & practice ( ,*ri/ianity are1 above all o!r sy/ems & modes ( life1 conducive to physical & m5tal heal? & vigor1 to true enjoym5t & long life4 ,ne>ly all ( ! em95t philosoph]s & hea!n tea*]s be=e & at ! "t ( ,*ri/ seem to h reg>d$ ! pursuit ( s5sual pleasure z life's *ief aim & end4 ,true1 !y advis$ a c]ta9 measure ( mod]ation 9 ! gratification ( ! appetites & passions1 9 ord] t ! vitality might n be too rapidly exhau/$2 b ?is 0 _! only limit to self-indulg5ce2 religi\s or moral obligation 0 n tak5 into ! acc\nt 9 mak+ up ! programme ( practical life4 ,! pagan disciples ( ,ari/otle1 ,socrates1 & ,plato1 z well z ! m cultivat$ & poli%$ poly!i/s ( ! empire ( ! ,caes>s1 liv$ = s5sual enjoym5t alone4 ,ev5 human life 0 made subs]vi5t to ?is dom9ant idea1 z ! frequ5t & wanton murd]s ( slaves & newly born *ildr5 demon/rate4 #aah ,e>ly failure ( ! vital =ces1 foll[$ by disease & its accompany+ physical & m5tal suff]+1 0 ! fruitful result4 ,a p>ticipation 9 ! revels ( ! temples ( ,v5us & ( ,bac*us might give its few brief h\rs ( s5sual pleasure2 b violat$ nature always inflict$ h] bitt] p5alties !re=e1 9 ! =m ( pa9ful & t$i\s morbid reactions4 ,! spectator at ! ,colosseum may h be5 mom5t>ily excit$ by ! bloody sc5es ( ! ar5a2 b ! simple in/9cts ( humanity mu/ h fill$ ! s\l ) horror & disgu/1 on subsequ5t reflection ^u ! cruelty involv$ !re94 ,ev5 9 ! high] planes ( pagan life1 9 ! v lyceums & groves ( ! philosoph]s ( ! ,augu/an age1 s lax & ineffici5t 0 ! moral code ( ! day1 & su* _! own imp]fect moral tea*+s1 t ! practical life-results 7 little bett]4 ,"o c appreciate ! reality ( ?is :5 he calls to m9d ! utt] v>iance ( ! new law ( ,*ri/1 :5 fir/ introduc$ among !m1 ) ne>ly all ! philosophies1 cu/oms1 & habits ( ! p]iod4 ,he has b to read1 = ?is purpose1 ! frightful description ( anci5t hea!n society giv5 by ,/4 ,paul 9 ! latt] half ( ! fir/ *apt] ( 8 epi/le to ! ,romans1 address$ to ! ,*ri/ian conv]ts f among ?is v p4 ,)\t ! re/ra9+ & heal?ful influ5ces ( true religion1 to :at dep?s ( moral & physical degradation is n human nature capable ( br++ itself6 ,footnote #bj ,pr(ess+ !mselves to be wise1 says ! apo/le1 !y became fools4 444 ,:]e=e ,god gave !m up to ! desires ( _! he>t1 to uncleanness1 to %ameful affections1 & to a reprobate s5se3 !reby receiv+ 9 !mselves ! recomp5se :i* 0 due to _! error4 444 ,be+ fill$ ) all iniquity1 malice1 =nication1 covet\sness1 wick$ness1 full ( envy1 murd]1 cont5tion1 deceit1 malignity1 :isp]]s1 detractors1 hateful to ,god1 contumeli\s1 pr\d1 haughty1 inv5tors ( evil ?+s1 disob$i5t to p>5ts1 fooli%1 dissolute1 )\t affection1 )\t fidelity1 )\t m]cy4 ,footnote #bj3 ,romans i4 #ba-cc4 ,9 contra/+1 !n1 ! pr9ciples1 habits1 & lives ( ! ,lat9 subjects ( ! ,roman empire ) ^? inculcat$ by ,*ri/ 9 ! new law1 x w be f\nd t ! latt] 7 by f> ! mo/ conducive to physical & m5tal vigor1 mat]ial happ9ess1 & longevity4 ,9 "o example we h a mat]ial philosophy1 weal?1 s5suality1 & unlimit$ self-indulg5ce2 9 ! o!r1 a ,*ri/ian code1 inculcat+ virtue1 *>ity1 morality1 temp]ance1 & mod]ation 9 all ?+s4 ,! fruits ( bo? sy/ems 7 pla9ly visible1 ev5 9 ! days ( ,*ri/4 ,x has be5 e/imat$ t m ?an "o f\r? "p ( ! population ( ! empire1 "u ,augu/us & ,tib]ius ,caes>1 7 slaves4 ,! condition ( ^! bondm5 0 deplorable4 ,!y 7 n only depriv$ ( all political & social rights1 b 7 reg>d$ z s\lless & devoid ( moral responsibility4 ,human slav]y 0 a legitimate (fspr+ ( ! pagan philosophies ( ! p]iod4 ,ano!r portion ( ! ,roman p1 am\nt+ to ab\t "o half ( ! entire population1 occupi$ a moral & social /atus ne>ly z l[ z t ( ! slave4 ,! mo!rs1 wives1 & daught]s ( ,roman citiz5s 7 reg>d$ z inf]ior be+s1 m]e pets & play?+s ( ! m51 h\sehold ornam5ts1 useful only s f> z !y 7 capable ( contribut+ to ! s5sual pleasures ( _! lords & ma/]s4 ,?is wanton degradation ( ! sex 0 ano!r direct result ( ! p]nici\s tea*+s ( ^? m5 :o are /ill laud$ & honor$ by ! _w z models ( wisdom & virtue6 #aai ,! free patricians & plebeians1 compris+ less ?an "o ?ird ( ! entire population1 & possess+ ne>ly all ( ! national weal?1 devot$ _! lives 9 /riv+ to add to ! milit>y p[] & glory ( ! empire1 & 9 ! pursuit ( worldly pleasure4 ,9 ! fur!rance ( ^! objects1 nei!r "r1 ju/ice1 humanity1 nor ev5 life itself 0 reg>d$ z important :5 oppos$ to _! dom9ant passions4 ,su* 7 ! mat]iali/s ( t day4 ,let u n[ turn to ! precepts ( our bless$ ,savi\r1 & _! imm$iate practical results 9 elevat+ humanity to a high] plane1 & 9 enhanc+ ! g5]al welf>e ( ! human race4 ,! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ! ,*ri/ian sy/em are1 besides fai? 9 ! reveal$ my/]ies1 supreme love to ,god & frat]nal love to man4 ,?\ %alt love ! ,"l ?y ,god ) ?y :ole he>t1 & ) ?y :ole s\l1 & ) ?y :ole m9d4 ,?is is ! greate/ & fir/ comm&m5t4 ,& ! second is l to ?is3 ,?\ %alt love ?y neighbor z ?yself4 ,on ^! two comm&m5ts dep5de? ! :ole law & ! prophets4 7,matt4 xxii4 #cg-dj47 ,all ?+s1 !re=e1 :atsoev] y w\ld t m5 %\ld d to y1 d y also to !m3 = ?is is ! law & ! prophets4 7,matt4 vii4 #ab47 ,"o ( ! fir/-fruits ( ^! new ideas 0 a recognition by ! ,*ri/ian conv]ts ( ! dignity & bro!rhood ( all mank9d1 & ( ! equality ( all 9 ! sight ( ,god4 ,?us 7 females & slaves at once elevat$ to _! prop] positions 9 ! scale ( humanity4 ,!y c\ld no long] be reg>d$ z m]e in/rum5ts ( s5sual gratification1 b 7 recogniz$ z bre?r51 *ildr5 ( a common fa!r1 co-work]s & coequals 9 ! spiritual v9ey>d ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,h[ readily1 !n1 c we compreh5d ! ard5t & untir+ devotion & love :i* 7 ev]y:]e ev9c$ by ,*ri/ian wom5 = _! div9e ,r$eem] & ,b5efactor6 ,h[ readily c we expla9 ! b\ndless en?usiasm & joy ( ! multitudes ( poor1 oppress$1 & disease-/rick5 m5 :o foll[$ ,jesus f place to place = consolation & re/oration6 ,:5 ^! multitudes he>d ! preci\s s]mon ^u ! m\nt1 s mu* at v>iance ) ! preval5t t5ets & practices ( ! _w1 !y 7 amaz$ & delight$2 = 9 x false philosophies1 a vici\s civilization1 & p]nici\s usages 7 rebuk$1 mank9d exalt$ to a high] sph]e1 & humanity v9dicat$4 ,z ! lives ( ! pagans 7 natural reflexes ( _! false & inhuman moral & social codes1 s 7 ! lives ( ! ,*ri/ians natural reflexes ( ! div9e code4 ,! f\ndations ( ! "o 7 idolatry1 selfi%ness1 s5suality1 un*>itabl5ess1 pride1 & arrogance2 ( ! o!r1 godl9ess1 *>ity1 love1 humility1 & b5evol5ce4 ,humanity _c clo! itself ) ! fir/ )\t *ill+ & p>alyz+ ! high] impulses ( ! s\l1 & fo/]+ ! bitt] g]ms ( m5tal & physical sorr[4 ,nor c x adopt ! la/ )\t develop+ ^? spiritual attributes :i* elevate1 ref9e1 & bless ! possessor4 ,let u come d[n to our own day1 :]e mat]ialism1 s5suality1 & g5]al immorality are ne>ly z common z 9 ! days ( ! apo/les4 ,we call ourselves ,*ri/ians1 pr(ess to believe 9 "o ,god1 9 ! immortality ( ! s\l1 & 9 a future /ate ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts2 b practically1 9 actual life1 _m communities are z inhuman1 z s5sual1 z mat]ial1 & z immoral z 7 ! pagans ( ! gold5 age4 #abj ,! pagan disciples ( ,ari/otle1 = in/ance1 did n hesitate to violate ! sacr$ g]ms ( humanity1 & ?us to bla/ ! s\ls ( multitudes ( victims1 = ! purpose ( prev5t+ too great an increase ( population4 ,! religion ( ,*ri/ *ang$ all ?is1 & true ,*ri/ians h ev] he$$ ! *ange4 ,b ! rec5t "w ( ,dr4 ,/or]1 ( ,bo/on1 & (ficial legislative reports1 demon/rate t ?is great crime is q z preval5t 9 ! mod]n ,a!ns & 9 ! ,/ate :i* conta9s x1 z x 0 9 ! wor/ days ( ! ,roman empire4 ,! influ5ce ( ?is al>m+ly preval5t crime ( our own day & ( our own nation is baneful 9 ! extreme4 ,on /rictly sanit>y & mat]ial gr\nds1 x is to be deprecat$ z an evil ( ! greate/ magnitude4 ,among its delet]i\s results may be record$ diseases ( important vital organs1 :i* are 9 turn reflect$ to ! entire n]v\s sy/em1 & a consequ5t tra9 ( physical & m5tal disord]s1 :i* make life a burd5 in/ead ( a bless+4 ,"h1 !n1 we see t a truly ,*ri/ian mode ( liv+ is m conducive to heal?1 happ9ess1 & long life ?an t ( ! s5sual mat]iali/4 ,contemplate1 aga91 ! _w ( weal?1 fa%ion1 & pleasure4 ,behold ! pomp1 ! luxury1 & ! num]\s s5sual enjoym5ts :i* make up s l>gely its sum ( life4 ,foll[ ! vot>ies ( pleasure 9 _! daily & nightly r\nds1 sit at _! epicurean tables1 accompany !m to r\ts1 balls1 play-h\ses1 & innum]able o!r places ( resort1 :i* tempt+ly beckon !m on e h&4 ,be ) !m also 9 _! sleep+1 & at _! e>ly morn+ h\rs1 :5 ! inevitable reactions manife/ !mselves2 :5 pa9s1 lassitude1 & n]v\s & m5tal depression ov]take !m4 ,read _! int]ior convictions1 ?\ghts & regrets = ill-sp5t "t1 & = p]v]sions ( ! high] faculties4 ,consult ! epicure1 :o lives to eat & to /imulate 8 artificial appetite daily ) highly season$ di%es4 ,he w disc\rse eloqu5tly ^u ! pleasures ( ! table2 b he c depict also ! horrors ( indige/ion1 hypo*ondria1 & n unfrequ5tly ( p>alysis1 apoplexy1 & k9dr$ ailm5ts4 ,consult ! w9e-bibb] & ! :iskey-dr9k]4 ,!y c po9t to ! enorm\s rev5ues :i* ! gov]nm5t d]ives f _! patronage2 to ! innum]able dr9k+-saloons :i* cov] ! l&1 & :i* are su/a9$ & enri*$ by !m2 to ! num]\s d5s1 above-gr\nd & "u-gr\nd1 :]e ! poor congregate to imbibe fi]y poisons t /eal away _! bra9s & ! bread ( _! wives & *ildr52 to ! untold millions :i* are exp5d$ 9 _! traffic by m5 ( all classes & conditions4 ,^! m5 c portray ! tempor>y delights & excitem5ts ( su* exhil>at+ bev]ages4 ,!y c tell y h[ ! bra9 gl[s1 h[ ! pulse rises1 & h[ all ! organs & faculties are r\s$ to pret]natural en]gy "u ! influ5ce ( ^! pot5t ag5ts4 ,b alas6 :at multitudes h exp]i5c$ ! dreadful reactions :i* always foll[ _! habitual use6 ,:at multitudes h gone d[n to ! grave prematurely ) ,bright's disease1 liv]-compla9t1 s(t5+ ( ! bra91 dropsy1 insanity1 p>alysis1 delirium trem5s1 etc41 victims ( ^! insidi\s poisons6 ,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates especially1 ! preval5ce & ! evils ( :iskey-dr9k+ are truly mon/r\s4 ,x is ! dom9ant curse1 ! cry+ evil ( ! day4 ,x p]vades all ( ! ramifications ( social life4 #aba ,x numb]s its victims by millions ( all ages1 sexes1 & conditions4 ,x corrupts & und]m9es ! v f\ndation ( heal?1 p]v]ts & degrades ! intellectual & moral faculties1 & depresses m5 deep1 deep into ! l[] /rata ( humanity4 ,?\s&s h become habitual dr9k]s1 & ultimately confirm$ inebriates1 ?r\gh ! advice ( _! m$ical advis]s4 ,9 accordance ) "s absurd hypo!sis1 or p]*ance to please _! pati5ts1 too _m m$ical m51 dur+ ! pa/ tw5ty ye>s1 h ord]$ ! habitual use ( :iskey1 rum1 br&y1 & o!r /imulants4 ,! calamities ?us entail$ are fe>ful to contemplate2 & ^? ?\ghtless physicians :o h contribut$ s l>gely 9 ext5d+ ?is great national vice w be> to _! graves a dreadful responsibility4 ,s f>1 !n1 z eat+ & dr9k+ are conc]n$1 x is evid5t t ! precepts ( ! ,*ri/ian religion are f> bett] calculat$ to promote ! welf>e ( mank9d ?an are ^? ( ! man ( pleasure4 ,religion inculcates simplicity1 frugality1 temp]ance2 & ! fruits are physical & m5tal vigor & tranquil enjoym5t4 ,irreligion enc\rages unre/ra9$ convivial excesses2 & ! results are disease1 pa91 & g5]al debasem5t4 ,note1 aga91 ! devotees ( fa%ion1 ^: pleasure consi/s 9 unnatural & artificial excitem5ts1 :o reg>d ! ord9>y affairs & duties ( life z tame & irksome1 :o conv]t night into day1 & :o are happy only :5 9 ! mid/ ( ! exagg]ations1 ! frivolities1 ! romances ( life4 ,d ^! individuals employ _! faculties or _! "t 9 accordance ) ! laws ( nature1 or ) ref]5ce to ! duties & de/9ies :i* manife/ly p]ta9 to !m8 ,! excitem5ts ( ! play-h\se1 ! ballroom1 ! race-c\rse1 & simil> places ( fa%ionable resort are prone to div]t ! m9d f ! s]i\s duties ( life1 to eng5d] morbid ta/es & s5tim5ts1 & to implant feel+s ( discont5t ) ref]5ce to ord9>y duties & occupations4 ,:5 indulg$ 9 to su* an ext5t1 ^! amusem5ts are un*ri/ian1 & !re=e d]ogatory to heal? & happ9ess4 ,n 9 ! gild$ saloons ( fa%ion are to be f\nd peace1 cont5tm5t1 & *>ity4 ,n 9 ! s\ls ( pleasure-seek+ devotees are to be f\nd real satisfaction & enjoym5t4 ,b among ^? :o lead religi\s lives1 :e!r high or l[1 ri* or poor1 wise or simple1 w be f\nd ! highe/ developm5ts ( love1 virtue1 heal?1 & true happ9ess4 ,a worldly life develops & fo/]s all t is s5sual & selfi% 9 man4 ,x cont9ually r\ses ! organs & faculties ( ! sy/em into abnormal activity & excitem5t4 ,x p]v]ts ! delicate & s5sitive functions ( ! organism f _! legitimate uses to ! gratification ( transi5t impulse1 passion1 & caprice4 ,x plays ) ! ?\s& liv+ n]ves & fibres z ^u ! inanimate /r+s ( an in/rum5t1 he$less :e!r ! ov]/ra9$ & palpitat+ *ords ( life snap asund] "u ! excit+ ordeal4 ,its fruits1 consequ5tly1 are demoraliz+1 & 9 ! highe/ degree detrim5tal to heal?1 usefulness1 & happ9ess4 ,9 a religi\s life h[ great a contra/ is pres5t$6 ,su* a life develops & fo/]s ! highe/ & pure/ attributes ( ! s\l4 ,x r\ses into ev]-liv+ activity ! div9e s5tim5ts ( love & *>ity1 & puts f> away s5suality1 selfi%ness1 & inord9ate & unlawful self-indulg5ce4 #abb ,x inculcates temp]ance1 mod]ation1 dis9t]e/$ b5evol5ce1 *a/ity1 & ! cultivation ( ^? virtues & graces :i* secure heal?1 cont5tm5t1 & tranquil happ9ess4 ,f a /rictly mat]ial po9t ( view1 !n1 we may re/ assur$ t a truly religi\s life is f> m conducive to g5u9e pleasure & to longevity ?an a m]e worldly "o4 ,a simple contemplation ( ! complicat$ & s5sitive human organism1 ( its physiology & its subjection to c]ta9 natural laws & requirem5ts1 r5d]s ! ju/ness ( our position manife/4 ,heal? c only be ma9ta9$ by a j equilibrium 9 ! action ( all ! organs1 functions1 & faculties4 ,e ov]action1 e undue excitem5t1 is foll[$ by a correspond+ reaction :i* is depress+1 debilitat+1 & productive ( m or less disord] & suff]+4 ,! ?\ghts1 en]gies1 & hopes ( m5 ( bus9ess are too g5]ally absorb$ 9 ! eag] pursuit ( weal?4 ,_! ideas1 aspirations1 & daily & h\rly actions p]ta9 solely to ?is _w4 ,f *ildhood to old age ! idea ( et]nity is almo/ entirely put f !m4 ,practically1 ^! m5 are infidels1 because e act ( _! lives1 f wak+ to sleep+1 has sole ref]5ce to ! pres5t life4 ,!y live & ?9k & act z if !y 7 to rema9 = ev] on ?is e>?4 ,!y put f> f !m ! mom5t\s realities ( ! ne> future1 & cl+ to ! ri*es1 ! pomps1 ! vanities1 & ! frivolities ( ?is _w l monomaniacs4 ,foll[ !m to _! c\nt+-rooms1 to _! clubs1 to _! places ( recreation1 to _! homes1 & see h[ mu* ( c>e1 anxiety1 & suff]+1 & h[ small an am\nt ( tranquil happ9ess1 att5d !m4 ,contra/ ! lives & ! dea?s ( ^! devotees ( bus9ess & ri*es ) ^? ( ! humble & exempl>y ,*ri/ian4 ,is !re a d\bt on :i* side heal?1 cont5tm5t1 & true enjoym5t ( life w be f\nd8 ,lay n up = y\rselves treasures ^u e>?2 b lay up = y\rselves treasures 9 heav53 = :]e y\r treasure is1 !re w y\r he>t be also4 444 ,ye _c s]ve ,god & mammon4 7,matt4 vi4 #ai1 #bj1 #ba1 #bd47 ,let x n be ?\ght t we are oppos$ to a reasonable devotion to mat]ial & worldly affairs1 or t we w\ld place a s+le ob/acle 9 ! way ( human progress1 :e!r p]ta9+ to trade1 comm]ce1 or ! useful & ornam5tal arts4 ,e man 9 8 sph]e has duties to p]=m2 b x mu/ n be =gott5 t ^! duties are nei!r exclusively mat]ial nor yet spiritual4 ,let x n be =gott5 t ! s\l has its wants & necessities z also ! body4 ,& let x n be =gott5 t1 :ile ! physical man is b = a day1 ! spiritual man is = et]nity4 ,! wise man1 !re=e1 w recognize ! fact t !re is a "t = all ?+s--= bus9ess1 = recreation1 = m5tal culture1 & 7*ief ( all7 = spiritual duties2 & he w be/ accompli% ! j ends ( 8 exi/5ce :o rightly appreciates & acts ^u ?is great tru?4 ---------- #abc ,translat$ ,f ,! ,fr5*4 ,fai? ,& ,poetry ,( ,! ,bretons4 ,cont9u$4 ,sa9t-,?gonnec ,cemet]ies ,calv>ies ,"* ,( ,! ,p4 ,we ne$ n trav]se ! :ole ( ,brittany to h a p]fect idea ( ! works ( ar*itecture :i* fai? has embelli%$4 ,9 "o little bor\gh-t[n1 ,sa9t-,?gonnec1 betwe5 ,morlaix & ,l&]neau1 we f9d all ! types ( ,*ri/ian art 9 ,brittany conc5trat$--*ur*1 fun]eal *apel1 bury+-vault1 calv>y1 & sculptures4 ,! ,breton cemet]ies closely resemble ea* o!r2 ne>ly ev]y:]e !y surr\nd ! *ur*1 & are enclos$ by a l[ wall1 (t5 )\t gates ( any k9d1 m]ely a small dit* prev5t+ ! cattle f trespass+ on ! abode ( ! dead4 ,footnote #ba ,a cross1 or a calv>y1 :]e ! sc5es ( ! passion are repres5t$1 or sometimes ! kneel+ /atue ( a lov$ or lam5t$ pa/or's v5]at$ image t recalls 8 virtues to 8 fai?ful p1 ^! are ! only monum5ts ( ! cemet]ies ( ! ,breton villages4 ,! tombs are m>k$ by small heaps ( e>?1 press$ ea* aga9/ ! o!r1 & surm\nt$ by a cross4 ,"s are cov]$ by a /one1 & 9 ?is /one is ind5t$ a little cup t ga!rs ! dew & ra9 f heav51 & (f]s to ! m\rn+ relative--! "m1 son1 ! fri5d--! bless$ asp]ges to accompany ! pray] = him :o lies b5ea?4 ,footnote #bb ,^! cemet]ies1 plac$ 9 ! mid/ ( t[ns & villages1 _c be ( any great ext5t2 soon1 !re=e1 !y are fill$ ) ext9ct g5]ations1 & ^! bodies mu/ be exhum$ to make place = new-com]s4 ,9 "o village1 ,pl\ha1 aft] ! sons _h dis9t]r$ ! bodies ( _! fa!rs1 !y decorat$ ! faade ( ! *ur* ) ! /ones ( ! tombs1 t !y might be cold witnesses ( _! memories1 or1 at lea/1 might nev] cov] ! bodies ( o!rs4 ,! g5]al re/+-place = ^! exhum$ bones is a mortu>y *apel con/ruct$ by ! side ( ! *ur*2 & if a glance is tak5 ?r\gh ! ,go?ic ar* :i* op5s on ?is *>nel-h\se1 bones ^u bones may be se5 heap$ up & m+l$ l blades ( /raw4 ,^! 7 m5 :o h walk$ on ! e>?1 n[ solit>y & =sak5 until ! et]nal resurrection4 ,footnote #ba3 ,at ,g\eznon1 at ,plab5nec1 etc4 ,footnote #bb3 ,we see 9 ,alg]ia little cups holl[$ 9 ! sepul*ral /ones ( ! ,mussulmans2 b ?is wat] is only us$ by ! birds to satisfy _! ?ir/1 or to wat] ! fl[]s t decorate ! tombs4 ,b at ,sa9t-,?gonnec a m respectful & t5d] s5tim5t has tri$ to pres]ve intact at lea/ a portion ( ^! bodies s rudely torn f ! e>?4 ,be=e ent]+ ! *ur*1 we are /ruck by an unexpect$ sight2 f e projection ( ! build+1 on ! por*es1 on ! prom95t cornices1 are laid or hung & susp5d$1 "o above ! o!r1 a multitude ( small boxes arrang$ z a *aplet2 ^! little boxes1 surm\nt$ ea* by its cross1 are c(f9s1 & enclose ! skull ( an ance/or1 8 head1 or1 accord+ to ! expressive ^w ( ! old language1 le *ef1 t :i* is mo/ noble 9 man1 & :i* may be resum$4 ,an inscription indicates ! date & "n3 #abd ,"h lies ,,le ,,*ef de 444 ,ano!r t\*+ symbol may be se5 ?r\gh ! op5+s1 ! fun]al ar*ives ( families pres]v$ 9 ! %ad[ ( ! *ur*1 t ris+ g5]ations may discov] !m1 s t !y may n be =gott51 z !y w\ld be1 immur$ 9 _! own homes4 ,footnote #bc ,footnote #bc3 ,at ,locm>iqu] !re are n only c(f9s ) heads1 b m9iature ones enclos+ all ! bones1 pil$ "o above ! o!r l bales ( goods1 9 ! place apportion$ !m4 ,"h & !re on ! cornice1 expos$ to ! air1 are skulls ( ! dead1 poor creatures once )\t fri5ds or family to give !m burial1 pa9t$ gre51 _! eyes fill$ ) s& & blades ( grass project+ f !m1 (t5 lean+ aga9/ ea* o!r2 "h1 "o support$ p]haps by him :o 0 8 bitt] enemy4 ,pass+ !re d\ble r[s ( c(f9s1 we ent] ! *ur*1 & ?is is b a repetition ( all ! ,breton *ur*es2 ev]y?+ "h--an elegant font1 sculptur$ m\ld+s1 pulpit ( *oice wood & ( m>vell\s workman%ip--*ef-d'oeuvre ( ! end ( ! ,r5aissance1 & "o ( ! f9e/ pulpits 9 ,brittany--pictures on wood1 *isel pa9t+s1 ev] p]petuat+ ! patri>*s1 ! k+s1 & prophets ( ! ,old ,te/am5t m\nt+ f e>? to heav52 ev5 to ! ,bless$ ,virg92 vault ( gold & azure fairly sp>kl+ 9 its complete beauty2 ! *oir1 ! alt>1 & ! side *apels fill$ ) /atues1 wrea!d columns1 heads ( angels1 fl[]s1 g>l&s1 gild$ & pa9t$ 9 e color1 a p]fect /ream ( gold1 v]dure1 brilliant crimson1 & azure4 ,f ?is refulg5t & liv+ :ole1 a s+le door rises on ! side1 high & nak$2 no sculpture1 no ornam5t2 ! /ones sweat _! dampness2 ! bricks1 t h assum$ a black5$ t9t1 sep>at$ by _! :ite cem5t1 pres5t a lugubri\s aspect2 a great m\rn+ veil seems spread be=e ! eyes--?is is ! gate ( dea?4 ,y op51 & y pause en*ant$4 ,be=e y lies ! cemet]y4 ,at y\r "r1 at y\r left1 monum5t ^u monum5t breaks ^u y\r gaze4 ,"u ! por* :]e y /& are ! /atues 9 l9e ( ! twelve apo/les2 & opposite y1 a l>ge gate ) ?ree ar*es1 ! gate ( ! cemet]y1 9 its impos+ /yle1 an ar* ( triumph1 z if ! ,bretons1 pass+ "u x ! p]i%able body1 _h typifi$ ! life et]nal1 ! glory & ! joy ( ! imp]i%able s\l4 ,at ! "r1 a mortu>y *apel ( ! /yle ( ! ,l\vre ( ,h5ry ,,iv4 is erect$1 its sculpture f ! bottom to ! top1 an imm5se *sse pictur$ 9 granite2 at y\r left is ! calv>y1 "o ( ^? complicat$ calv>ies1 f\nd only 9 ,brittany1 a :ole p ( /atues2 eighty or a hundr$ p]sonages 9 ! mo/ natural & simple attitudes--disciples1 prophets1 holy wom51 ?ieves on _! crosses1 gu>ds on horseback1 &1 t[]+ ov] all ?is cr[d1 ! tree ( ! cross1 colossal 9 its /ructure1 ( sev]al /ones1 cross ^u cross1 & hold+ on its bran*es /atues ( ! ,virg91 ,sa9t ,john1 ! gu>ds1 & o!rs1 &1 9 imm5sity ( size & above all1 ! ,*ri/ himself1 ) 8 arms ext5d$ ov] ! _w1 & 8 eyes uplift$ to heav54 ,angels are !re1 too1 susp5d$ 9 ! air1 & collect+ 9 _! *alices ! preci\s blood f 8 h&s4 ,footnote #bd ,footnote #bd3 ,! calv>ies ( ,pl\ga/el & ,pleyb5--t[ns s rem>kable = _! beautiful *ur*es are m complicat$ & gr&1 p]haps1 b n s /rik+1 z ?is "o4 #abe ,& ?is is n all3 ent] ! crypt ( ! mortu>y *apel1 & !re y w f9d y\rself face to face ) ano!r *ef-d'oeuvre--! entomb+ ( ,*ri/1 ! sc5e :i* has ev] inspir$ ! greate/ arti/s1 & 9 colossal proportions4 ,^! are pa9t$ /atues1 & ! pa9t+ adds to ! impression1 giv+ to ! deeply mov$ p]sonages ! appe>ance ( life4 ,y he> !m cry1 y see _! te>s c\rse d[n _! pallid faces2 ! ,virg9-,"m ) h] press$ lips on ! livid feet ( h] div9e ,son1 ! ,magdal5 ov]:elm$ ) grief & /ill beautiful 9 ! mid/ ( h] sorr[4 ,c y fail to become an actor 9 ?is impassion$ sc5e8 ,y are root$ to ! spot2 ! t]rible bl[ t made !m surf] becomes y\r reality1 &1 griev$ to ! dep?s ( y\r s\l1 y feel y\r own te>s fl[2 ! lapse ( ages is =gott51 & y are liv+ 9 t ,calv>y sc5e4 ,& :5 we ?9k t ^! works ( religi\s art are spread all ov] ,brittany ) ! same pr(usion2 t 9 t[ns app>5tly ! mo/ remote f any road or c5tre1 at ,sa9t-,h]bot 9 ! ,black ,m\nta9s1 at ,sa9t-,fiacre1 :i* is only a little village ( ,la\et1 & ev5 less ?an a village1 a mis]able hamlet ( five or six h\ses1 9 ! *apel ( ,rozegr& ne> ,quimp]l1 a mode/ manor :i* h>dly m]its ! "n ( a ca/le--we f9d 9 all ^! places gall]ies ( sculptur$ wood1 pa9t$1 gild$1 & figur$ ) fifty or m p]sons1 rivall+ ! mo/ co/ly *ur*es2 works s admirably reproduc+ ! hi/ory1 ! miracles1 & ! my/]ies ( religion1 :ile !y pres]ve among ! p & reanimate & increase _! ardor & fai?1 we _c b ask1 ,:at is ! cause ( su* a multitude ( works ( art appe>+ ev]y:]e on ! surface ( ! c\ntry1 & :at has be5 ! inspiration :i* has produc$ su* fruit--ri*ness ( inv5tion1 tru? ( ge/ure1 expression ( physiognomy1 a true & deep s5tim5t ( ev]y?+ div9e 9 sc5]y & action8 ,9 all ^! monum5ts ( ! middle ages1 !re is to be f\nd ! same tru?1 ! same p[] ( imag9ation1 :ile ! arti/ nev] repeats himself & nev] tires y4 ,he leads y on l ! musician1 sc>cely giv+ y "t to recov] f "o melody ere y are s\l-entranc$ ) ano!r /ill m beautiful4 ,b ?is creative p[] has a cause2 ?is society--z a man arriv$ at maturity ) all 8 "w accompli%$ = ! end he w\ld atta9--_h be5 prep>$ by previ\s ages4 ,dis5gag$ f ! swaddl+-clo!s ( antiquity1 its tongue 0 =m$1 its religi\s ideas fix$1 & ) its new-=m$ ,*ri/ianity1 x 0 logically con/itut$--x became a unity4 ,/ill 9 possession ( su* p[]1 ?is p /ruggles only to create2 nev] l$ by contr>y ta/es or c>ri$ away by disord]ly & unregulat$ motives1 s ju/ly nam$ 9 our day caprice1 !y cl+ to :at prec$+ ages h s\ght =1 ga!r$1 & inculcat$4 ,! mat]ials are ready to _! h&s1 !y seize !m1 &1 ) ! g5ius ( ! age1 reproduce1 9 a ?\s& =ms1 new beauties2 ! well-fill$ vase has only to diffuse itself & ov]fl[ ) treasures4 ,?us1 imag9ation bur/s out ev]y:]e lively & color$2 ! same m9d1 9 lit]ature z 9 art1 reproduces ! v>i$ ornam5ts ( *ur*es1 inv5ts fables & leg5ds1 & f9ds at e mom5t new images to repres5t mann]s1 ideas1 op9ions2 & ?is imag9ation1 f> f exhau/+ itself1 gr[s & increases1 n z ! =c$ plant ( ! hot-h\se1 b ! natural fl[] ( _! own spr+4 ,ages tra9 on1 & ! la/ "o be>s ! cr[n4 #abf ,we see1 too1 :y su* arti/s--au?ors ( su* exquisite works--are s obscure1 s unkn[n4 ,!y h n r5d]$ _! own ideas simply1 b ^? ( _! race2 ! s5tim5ts ( _! ance/ors1 ( ! fa!rs ) :om !y h be5 born & rais$1 h p5etrat$ _! :ole be+1 & !y h m]ely express$ _! surr\nd+s4 ,?us1 ^! monum5ts ( art are n only pro( ( tal5t & _! soj\rn on e>?1 b witnesses ( _! piety & fai?--! wor%ip ( a p4 ,s1 ! fai? ( days pa/ /ill lives 9 ,brittany3 c\ld "o d\bt x1 let him look at ! evid5ces ( an unweak5$ piety :i* meet him at e /ep4 ,see ! gifts ( ! wom5 ( ! ari/ocracy1 beautiful sc>fs ( ca%m]e1 cov]+ ! alt>s ( ! ca!dral ( ,trgui]1 & ! (f]+s ( ! poor1 bundles ( crut*es1 left at ,folgoat by ! infirm made :ole4 ,!n ! pilgrimages1 va/ armies ( m5 & wom51 mov+ ye>ly to _! favorite %r9e ( ,sa9t ,anne d',auray1 & ! miracul\s pictures1 deck+ f top to bottom ?is *ur* ( ! ,"m ( ! ,virg91 too small = a ,*ri/ian museum repl5i%$ s con/antly4 ,at e /ep arise new *apels & *ur*es3 at ,sa9t-,brieuc sev]al 7 built at once2 ,lori5t1 a t[n peopl$ ) soldi]s & sailors1 has j rais$ at its gate a *ur* 9 ! /yle ( ,l\is ,,xiv42 ,vitr gives to its *ur* a new bell & a sculptur$ pulpit2 ! little villages put up 9 _! cemet]ies calv>ies ) figures ( ! middle ages2 ! calv>y ( ,plozal1 betwe5 ,trgui] & ,gu+amp1 is dat$ #ahef2 ,d9an re/ores & enri*es its beautiful *ur* ( ,sa9t ,malo2 ,quimp] ?r[s to ! air two noble spires f ! t[]s ( its ca!dral2 ! *apel ( ,sa9t ,ilan1 a model ( elegance & grace1 rises 9 pure :it5ess on ! bord]s ( ! sea1 9 ! mid/ ( ! calm ro(s ( its pi\s colony2 ,nantes1 :ile %e builds sev]al new *ur*es1 f9i%es h] imm5se ca!dral1 its dome ( ,cologne & ,brittany1 to :i* ea* age has giv5 a h&1 & 9 con/ruct+ ?is beautiful *ur* ( ,sa9t ,ni*olas1 proves :at ! piety & zeal ( a pa/or & devot$ flock c\ld accompli%1 9 less ?an t5 ye>s1 by alms & gifts4 ,a few ye>s s9ce1 at ,gu+amp1 a *apel 0 d$icat$ to ! ,bless$ ,virg9 outside ! *ur*2 ! /atues are pa9t$ ( ! twelve apo/les1 ! alt> is magnific5t1 & ! ro( azure & />s ( gold4 ,no exp5se 0 sp>$1 no decoration too great to ornam5t ! sanctu>y ( ! ,virg94 ,fifty ?\s& p]sons 7 !re ! day ( ! inauguration4 ,^! are ! national holy-days ( ! ,bretons4 ,else:]e1 p ru% to ! inauguration ( pr9ces or ! revolutions :i* presage _! d[nfall2 b "h !y come f all p>ts ( ,brittany to assi/ 9 ! coronation ( ! ,que5 ( heav54 ,& :at piety1 :at recollection1 :at gravity 9 ! deportm5t ( ^! m5 & wom51 kneel+ on ! pavem5ts ( ! *ur*es6 ,z at ,la ,trappe1 s "h is se5 ! same complete absorption ( ! human be+ 9 ! ?\ghts t fill ! s\l2 ! functions ( life seem annihilat$1 &1 immovable 9 pray]1 !y rema9 9 t absolute contemplation 9 :i* ! sa9ts are repres5t$1 ov]:elm$ by s5tim5ts ( v5]ation1 submission1 & humility3 ! man is =gott51 ! ,*ri/ian only exi/s4 ,m expressive ev5 ?an ! monum5ts are ^! daily acts ( devotion1 t evid5ce ! habitual /ate ( ! s\l4 #abg ,walk1 on a m>ket-day1 ?r\gh ! squ>e ( "s city or t[n ( ,f9i/re4 ,h[ v>i$ & animat$ x appe>s6 ,r[s ( little wagons /&+ ar\nd1 & on ^! all sorts ( m]*&ise3 velvet ribbons & buckles = ! m5's caps2 wooll5 ornam5ts made into rosettes = ! head-dresses ( ! wom52 v>iegat$ p9s1 ornam5t$ ) glass pe>ls2 pipe-hold]s ( wood2 little microscopic pipes & in/rum5ts to light !m1 ) o!r useful & ornam5tal w>es4 ,"u ! t5ts ( ^! movable %ops1 a cr[d ( m5 & wom5 are se54 ,! wom5 ) head-dresses ( diff]5t =ms1 _! l>ge :ite h&k]*iefs r\nd$ at ! back & c>efully cross$ on ! brea/2 ! m5 ) _! pantaloons n>r[ly tight5$1 fall+ l[1 & re/+ on ! hips1 s t ! %irt may be se5 betwe5 !m & ! ve/1 _! caps ) broad brims cov]+ _! long hair1 (t5 tuck$ up beh9d1 & walk+ ) measur$ /eps1 c>ry+ _! canes1 nev] hurri$1 always calm & dignifi$4 ,twelve o'clock is he>d2 f ! high bell-t[] ( ! neighbor+ *ur* comes ! e*o+ peal ( mid-day2 twelve times x sl[ly /rikes1 & !n all is hu%$4 ,e "o pauses1 is sil5t4 ,) simultane\s movem5t1 ! m5 d(f _! hats & _! long hair falls ov] _! %\ld]s4 ,all are on _! knees1 ! sign ( ! cross is made1 & "o l[ murmur tells ! ,angelus4 ,a /rang] 9 su* a cr[d mu/ kneel2 involunt>ily he b5ds 8 knee ) ! re/4 ,! pray] to ! ,virg9 f9i%$1 !y rise aga92 life & motion comm5ce1 & a d9 is he>d1 ! almo/ deaf5+ noise ( ! ro> ( ! sea4 ,aga9 ,i see !m 9 ! *ur* ( ,ca/1 7,f9i/re47 ,x 0 ,sunday1 at ! h\r ( vesp]s4 ,! bell ( ! *ur*-t[] _h s\nd$ f ! break ( day1 & cr[ds ( m5 & wom5 surr\nd$ ! *ur*1 talk+ 9 gr\ps1 g5tly & noiselessly4 ,! bell ceas$2 ! gr\ps broke up & sep>at$ into two b&s1 on "o side ! m51 on ! o!r ! wom51 all direct+ _! /eps to ! *ur*4 ,! wom5 ent]$ fir/1 & 9 a mom5t ! nave 0 fill$2 ! "y wom5 ( ! ,confrat]nity ( ! ,bless$ ,virg9 took _! places 9 ! middle ( ! *ur*1 all 9 :ite1 b _! co/ume ornam5t$ ) embroid]y ( gilt & silv]1 gild$ ribbons on _! arms1 belts ( ! same encircl+ _! graceful figures1 & fall+ 9 f\r b&s at ! back on ! plait$ petticoat1 & ! he>t ( gold & cross on ! brea/ ( ea*2 9 ! side aisles1 ! matrons rang$ !mselves1 wives & mo!rs1 9 m v>i$ co/umes1 gayly color$1 head-dresses ( deep blue & yell[1 blue ribbons ) silv] edges on ! br[n jackets1 r$ petticoats1 & clock /ock+s embroid]$ 9 gold4 ,all knelt on ! pavem5t1 _! heads incl9$1 _! ros>ies 9 _! h&s1 & 9 collect$ sil5ce4 ,! wom5 all plac$1 ano!r door op5$ at ! side ( ! *ur*1 & ! m5's turn came4 ,) grave & measur$ /eps !y walk$ 9 file1 & /range & impos+ 0 ! sight--9 comp>ison ) ! v>iegat$ & gay dress ( ! wom51 s oppos+ly sombre 0 t ( ! m52 & yet ! att5tion 0 n s mu* rivet$ by _! uni=m attire1 _! long br[n ve/s1 _! l>ge puff$ bree*es2 b _! squ>$ heads1 _! long features1 ! quantity ( /raight hair1 cov]+ _! =eheads l ?ick fleece1 & fall+ 9 long locks on _! %\ld]s & d[n _! backs4 #abh ,all1 *ildr5 & m5 gr[n1 wore ! same co/ume1 ?is long black hair1 :i* 9 ! air assum$ a sombre r$di% t9t1 & fall+ on ! ?ick1 heavy eyebr[s1 gave to _! eyes an expression ( en]gy1 ( almo/ sup]human firmness4 ,!y sc>cely seem$ m5 ( our "t & c\ntry2 ! grave1 immovable faces1 ) ! brilliant eyes scrut9iz+ at once ! "* & appe>ance ( ! /rang] among !m1 ! uncultivat$ heads ( hair1 weigh+ d[n _! l>ge heads l ! manes ( wild animals1 gave ! idea ( m5 ap>t2 m5 f ! wilds ( "s f> c\ntry mov+ among ! mod]n races1 ) sil5t ge/ure & solemn /ep1 & utt]+ brief & pi?y s5t5ces1 z if !y alone held ! secrets ( ! pa/1 ! k ( ! my/]ies & tru?s ( ! old5 "t4 ,!y defil$ "o by "o1 pro/rat+ !mselves be=e ! alt>1 & kneel+ 9 turn on ! /one floor1 surr\nd+ entirely ! grat+ ( ! *oir4 ,true assemblage ( ! fai?ful6 ,! m51 a /rong soldi]y 9 front1 ! wom5 beh9d1 a m humble cr[d1 b ea* =gett+ ! o!r1 liv+ b = "o ?\ght--= ,god4 ,= ,god is n = ^! b>b>ians :at he is = u2 we1 civiliz$ inhabitants ( cities1 we try to expla9 ,god1 & ev5 on our knees 9 8 temples we analyze him1 comm5t ^u 8 acts1 & ev5 d\bt if he exi/s4 ,!y sp5d no "t 9 su* va9 ?\ghts1 b>r5 m$itations3 = !m ,god is2 !y "k & believe 9 him4 ,he made ! heav5 ov] _! heads1 ! e>? t produces _! h>ve/s1 made !m !mselves1 & pres]ves !m or takes !m to him4 ,he is ! ,invisible :o c d ev]y?+1 f ! heights ( ! heav5s1 & ev]y:]e at once2 & 9 comp>ison ) ?is ,all-,p[]ful !y feel _! littl5ess1 pro/rate !mselves & adore4 ---------- ,c\nt ,de ,montalemb]t4 ,9 t dre> twilight1 h]ald ( ! day ,on :i* new fai?1 new hope1 new love 7 born1 ,& :ile my he>t /ill press$ aga9/ ! ?orn ,( unbelief1 l "s fre% mat9 lay ,( =e/ w>bl] 9 8 own lov$ ,may1 ,broke1 ,montalemb]t1 on my trance =lorn1 ,elizabe?'s "y voice1 :i* sang dea?'s scorn ,9 c>ols ) cele/ial transports gay4 ,n[1 :5 cool ev5+'s e>lie/ p5sive %ade ,creeps o'er my life1 z cle> & jubilant ,z t wild mock+-bird's1 is he>d ! *ant ,( mighty abbots1 ^: processions fade ,into ! d>k ( ages1 made by !e ,new !mes = ?\ght & holy m9/relsy4 ---------- #abi ,r+s4 ,look+ ov] an old jewel-case1 ! o!r day1 ,i f\nd a r+2 no treasur$ heirloom or gage d'am\r ( by-gone days1 b a simple black circlet1 ^: sole ornam5t 0 a silv] he>t1 on :i* 7 engrav$ 9 rude fa%ion ! lett]s ,,va4 ,! sight ( x recall$ a /ormy day dur+ ! w9t] ( #ahfd1 :5 a pale & emaciat$ ,conf$]ate soldi] knock$ at our door & ask$ = %elt]4 ,( c\rse1 x 0 *e]fully grant$4 ,on que/ion+ him we le>n$ t he _h suff]$ ! rigor ( prison life = two ye>s2 _h j be5 releas$1 & 0 en r\te to jo9 8 regim5t be=e ,pet]sburg4 ,^u leav+1 he ?ank$ me = our hospitality1 & begg$ my acceptance ( ?is little r+1 ! mak+ ( :i* _h s]v$ to :ile away ! t$ium ( captivity4 ,i put x c>efully aside1 & ! lapse ( "t & o!r m /irr+ ev5ts _h almo/ oblit]at$ ! circum/ance f my m9d1 until x 0 ?us reviv$4 ,z ,i gaz$ ^u x1 h[ _m memories 7 reviv$ by x6 ,9 x ,i trac$ ! life ( ! donor1 & 9 him ! va9 hopes & aspirations ( 8 comrades & ! ru9 :i* befell !m4 ,i he>d ! call to arms2 saw ! leave-tak+ & dep>ture = ! field2 foll[$ him amid ! sangu9>y conte/s ( battle2 till at l5g? defeat1 l a black cl\d1 l[]s ov] 8 decimat$ legions1 & he f9ds himself )9 a prison's walls4 ,!re1 *af+ aga9/ captivity1 li/5+ eag]ly = tid+s ( release1 & sick ) hope def]r$1 ,i see him beguil+ ! we>y h\rs 9 fa%ion+ ?is little tr9ket4 ,at la/ ! h\r ( lib]ty arrives1 & ) b\nd+ pulse1 to ! tune ( ,home1 sweet home1 he turns 8 back on prison-b>s4 ,once aga9 he is a soldi] ( ! army ( ,nor!rn ,virg9ia2 b gone are ! high hopes :i* animat$ 8 brea/1 & gone are mo/ ( ! brave comrades :o once /ood %\ld] to %\ld] ) him2 h>d%ip1 hung]1 & dea? h done _! "w1 & ! end is ne>2 a few m suns1 & he & 8 cause fall to rise no m6 ,su* is ! /ory t ,i read 9 t little hoop ( black horn4 ,h[ _m />tl+ ev5ts1 h[ _m passions ( ! human he>t cr[d$ into a t9y compass6 ,& ?is1 me?\ght1 is n ! only r+ ab\t :i* might be wov5 a tale ( joy or sorr[4 ,! lion-he>t$ k+1 not)/&+ 8 pilgrim guise1 by means ( "o 0 betray$ to 8 rel5tless ,au/rian foe2 &1 c5turies lat]1 ! gallant ,essex entru/$ 8 life to su* an advocate4 ,trifl+ baubles z !y are1 :i* may be hid 9 ! holl[ ( a baby's h&1 !y h1 f _! fir/ introduction to ! _w1 act$ a conspicu\s "p 9 its hi/ory4 #acj ,! ,p]sians ma9ta9 t ,guiams*ild1 f\r? k+ ( ! fir/ race1 introduc$ ! r+4 ,:e!r ?is be true or n1 x is c]ta9ly ( anci5t date1 s9ce m5tion is made ( x 9 ,g5esis z be+ worn by ! ,hebrews z a signet4 ,x 0 also 9 use among ! ,egyptians2 = we are told t1 aft] ! int]pretation ( ! dream1 ,ph>aoh took (f 8 r+ f 8 h&1 & put x on ,joseph's h&1 z a m>k ( royal favor4 ,! ,sab9es us$ ?is ornam5t dur+ ! "t ( ,romulus1 & p]haps ! glitt]+ jewels on ! f+]s ( ! wom5 may h enhanc$ _! attractions 9 ! eyes ( ! bold ,roman y\?s :5 !y s unc]emoni\sly bore !m (f4 ,b x is n c]ta9 at :at precise p]iod ! ,romans adopt$ r+s2 = !re are no signs ( !m on _! /atues prior to ^? ( ,numa & ,s]vius ,tullius4 ,!y 7 commonly made ( iron1 & ,pl9y says t ,m>ius wore 8 fir/ gold "o 9 8 ?ird consulate1 ! ye> #fej ( ,rome4 ,s5ators 7 n all[$ to we> !m ( ?is metal unless di/+ui%$ z ambassadors 9 =eign s]vice2 b 9 aft] days gold5 r+s became ! badge ( knigh?ood2 ! p we>+ silv]1 ! slaves iron4 ,9 trac+ its hi/ory1 we c readily imag9e t ! r+ 0 inv5t$ m]ely z an accompanim5t to bracelet & necklace2 aft]w>d x became a badge ( di/9ction2 & f9ally1 :5 ! art ( engrav+ & cutt+ /ones 0 introduc$1 x atta9$ an importance :i* no o!r tr9ket c boa/ (4 ,ornam5t$ ) initials1 armorial cre/s1 or my/ic *>act]s1 x has be5 us$ = c5turies z a seal = /ate docum5ts & secret despat*es1 a sort ( gage de foi ( _! au!nticity4 ,!re are num]\s in/ances 9 ! sacr$ writ+s ( its peculi> significance :5 ?us employ$4 ,= example1 :5 ,ahasu]us1 giv+ e> to ! c\nsels ( 8 favorite1 cons5t$ to ext]m9ate ! ,jews1 x is record$ t ! k+ took 8 r+ f 8 h&1 & gave x unto ,haman2 &1 conc]n+ ! proclamation1 9 ! "n ( ,k+ ,ahasu]us 0 x writt51 & seal$ ) ! k+'s r+4 ,we also read else:]e t ! d5 into :i* ,daniel 0 ?r[n 0 seal$ by ! k+ ) 8 own signet1 & ) ! signets ( 8 lords1 t ! purpose might n be *ang$ conc]n+ ,daniel4 ,x is suppos$ t ! ,greeks did n "k ! r+ at ! "t ( ! ,trojan w>2 = ,hom] does n speak ( x1 & in/ead ( seal+1 !y secur$ _! lett]s by means ( a silk5 cord4 ,al?\gh ?is p enc\rag$ le>n+ & ! f9e arts1 !y d n seem to h possess$ t ( engrav+1 :i* !y borr[$ f ! ,egyptians1 :o excell$ 9 ?is bran* to a rem>kable degree4 ,! rage = signets soon became univ]sal1 no patrician 0 )\t 8 r+1 & 9 ,rome ! engrav]s 7 =bidd5 to make any two seals alike4 ,9 su* e/eem 7 !y held1 t x is relat$1 :5 ,lucullus visit$ ,alex&ria1 ,ptolemy c\ld f9d no m acceptable pres5t to (f] him ?an an em]ald1 on :i* 0 engrav$ a portrait ( himself4 ,julius ,caes> _h on 8 r+ ! image ( ,v5us1 arm$ ) a d>t2 & ! seal ( ,pompey 0 a lion hold+ a sword1 :ile t ( ,scipio ,africanus bore ! portrait ( ,syphax1 ! ,libyan k+ :om he _h vanqui%$4 ,! mann] ( we>+ ! signet diff]$ greatly1 ! ,hebrews pref]r+ to ornam5t ! "r h&1 ! ,romans ! left4 ,! ,greeks put x on ! f\r? f+] ( ! left h&1 because ( ! belief t a n]ve connect$ t memb] ) ! he>t2 h5ce ! same cu/om is obs]v$ ) ! w$d+-r+4 ,aft] ! adv5t ( ,*ri/ianity1 x assum$ a spiritual z well z political value1 ! episcopal r+1 z x is call$1 be+ us$ z a pl$ge ( spiritual m>riage betwe5 ! bi%op & ! *ur*4 #aca ,?is cu/om is ( anci5t date1 s9ce !re is m5tion 9 ! proce$+s ( ! f\r? ,c\ncil ( ,tol$o1 ,a4,d4 #fcc1 t a bi%op condemn$ = any (f5ce by "o c\ncil1 if f\nd innoc5t ^u a second trial1 %\ld h 8 r+ re/or$4 ,! popes also wore seals1 & at ! pres5t "t ! rev]$ ,fa!r ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has two--"o :i* he uses to sign apo/olical briefs & private lett]s1 call$ ! fi%]man's r+1 repres5t+ ,/4 ,pet] draw+ 9 8 net full ( fi%es2 ! o!r1 ) :i* he seals 8 bulls1 is ornam5t$ ) ! heads ( ,/4 ,paul & ,/4 ,pet]1 ) a cross betwe5 ! two4 ,! ,hebrew us$ ! w$d+-r+1 ?\gh "s writ] ma9ta9s t x 0 n a pl$ge ( love1 b giv5 9 lieu ( a piece ( money4 ,x is evid5t t ! ,*ri/ians adopt$ ! practice 9 _! m>riage rites at an e>ly p]iod1 "s ( ! olde/ liturgies conta9+ ! v[s ) reg>d to x4 ,be+ e/eem$ 9 a political & religi\s s5se1 x is no matt] ( wond] t ,cupid's m9ions h also1 f "t immemorial1 made ! r+ a seal ( undy+ con/ancy1 accept+ its circul> =m z a type ( et]nity4 ,?us1 ,portia1 aft] be/[+ h] ri*es ^u ,bassanio1 says3 ,i give !m ) ?is r+2 ,:i* :5 y "p f1 lose1 or give away1 ,let x presage ! ru9 ( y\r love1 ,& be my vantage to exclaim on y4 ,b lov]s1 n cont5t ) ! emblem ( %ape1 also add$ mottoes1 & x became ! fa%ion to engrave v]ses1 names1 & dates )9 ! r+4 ,allud+ to ! cu/om1 ,hamlet asks1 ,is ?is a prologue1 or ! posy ( a r+8 ,& 9 ! la/ act ( ,! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice1 :5 ,portia exclaims3 ,a qu>rel1 ho1 already8 ,:at's ! matt]8 ,gratiano answ]s3 ,ab\t a hoop ( gold1 a paltry r+ ,t %e did give me2 ^: posy 0 ,= all ! _w l cutl]'s poetry ,^u a knife--,love me1 & leave me n4 ,! w$d+-r+ ( ,lady ,ca?>9e ,grey1 si/] ( ,lady ,jane ,grey1 consi/$ ( five gold5 l9ks1 & on ! f\r inn] ones 7 ^! l9es ( h] husb&'s composition3 ,z circles five by art compact1 %ewe b "o r+ 9 sight1 ,s tru/ unite? fai?full m9des ) knott ( secret might2 ,^: =ce to breake b gre$ie ,dea? noe wight possesse? p[]1 ,z "t & sequels well %all prove4 ,my r+e c say no m4 ,! fam\s r+ giv5 by ,que5 ,elizabe? to ! ,e>l ( ,essex is said to be /ill extant1 & 9 ! possession ( ,"l ,john ,?ynne1 a desc5dant ( ,lady ,frances ,dev]eux1 ! e>l's daught]4 ,x is ( gold1 ! sides engrav$1 ) a cameo head ( ,elizabe? 9 a s>donyx sett+4 ,be=e end+ ?is pap]1 ,i mu/ relate a curi\s leg5d1 told ( ! ,emp]or ,*>lemagne1 prefac+ my /ory by say+1 t 9 ^? times c]ta9 preci\s /ones 7 ?\ght to possess peculi> virtues :i* _h an influ5ce on ! we>]s or ^? ar\nd !m4 ,at ! c\rt ( ,*>lemagne !re liv$ a woman1 nei!r "y nor h&some1 b :o appe>$ to h a wondr\s fasc9ation = ! mon>*4 ,s pot5t 7 h] *>ms1 t he neglect$ ! affairs ( 8 empire1 & all[$ 8 sword to ru/4 ,at la/1 to ! great joy ( all1 ! woman di$2 b ,*>lemagne m\rn$ griev\sly1 & ev5 :5 h] body 0 prep>$ = burial1 refus$ to all[ x to be c>ri$ out ( 8 sight4 #acb ,h[ev]1 !re 0 9 ! palace a bi%op1 le>n$ 9 ! arts1 & acqua9t$ ) ! sup]/itions ( ! "t2 & "o day1 :5 ! k+ _h gone hunt+1 he resolv$ to exam9e ! corpse4 ,8 se>* 0 successful2 = "u ! woman's tongue he f\nd a r+1 :i* he imm$iately secur$4 ,on 8 return f ! *ase1 ! emp]or repair$ to ! room :]e ! body lay2 b in/ead ( l+]+ ne> x1 he ord]$ x to be int]r$1 & seem$ to h entirely recov]$ f ! spell t b\nd him4 ,t night a ball 0 giv5 at c\rt2 & _m a fair *eek flu%$ 9 anticipation ( be+ ! *oice ( ,*>lemagne 9 ! dance2 b lo6 :5 ! music /ruck up1 ! emp]or /epp$ =w>d & reque/$ ! bi%op to be 8 p>tn]4 ,! good prie/1 res5t+ ! indignity1 escap$ f ! hall1 & feel+ assur$ t ! r+ 9 8 possession 0 ! cause ( su* conduct1 ?rew x into a lake b5ea? ! palace walls4 ,!reupon ,*>lemagne recov]$ 8 s5ses1 b ev] aft] 0 devot$ to ! spot1 & built !re ! t[n ( ,aix4 ,"s old *ronicl] also ass]ts t1 :5 ! mon>* 0 on 8 dea?-b$1 he said t x 0 impossible = him to dep>t 9 peace f ?is _w until a c]ta9 r+ 0 re/or$ to him4 ,! secret ( its hid+-place be+ reveal$1 ! lake 0 dragg$ & ! *>m f\nd4 ,*>lemagne receiv$ x ) _m signs ( joy1 & reque/$ t x might be buri$ ) him4 ,= ! tru? ( ?is leg5d ,i d n v\*2 b x is av]r$ t1 ye>s aft]w>d1 :5 ! tomb ( ! mighty ,frank 0 op5$1 on 8 brea/ 0 f\nd an antique r+4 ---------- ,9 ,! ,s*ool-room4 ,footnote #be ,footnote #be3 ,9 ! ,s*ool-,room2 ,*apt]s 9 ! ,philosophy ( ,education4 ,john ,s4 ,h>t1 ,,ll4,d41 ,pr9cipal ( ! ,new ,j]sey ,/ate ,normal ,s*ool4 ,eldr$ge ,bro!r3 ,philadelphia4 ,! ,sci5tific ,basis ( ,education1 demon/rat$ by an analysis ( ! temp]am5ts & ( phr5ological facts1 9 a s]ies ( lett]s to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,public ,in/ruction 9 ! city ( ,new ,york4 ,by ,john ,heck]4 ,publi%$ by ! ,au?or1 #ef ,rutg]s ,/reet1 ,new ,york4 ,! au?or ( ?is volume has evid5tly sp5t mu* "t 9 ! s*ool-room1 & has n sp5t x 9 va94 ,he writes l a practical man1 9 a cle>1 vigor\s /yle4 ,z he says 9 8 preface1 he takes a pretty free range ov] ! :ole practical field ( inquiry among pr(essional tea*]s1 & pres5ts to u ?\ghts sugge/$ 9 ! s*ool-room itself 9 %ort1 deta*$ *apt]s4 ,! "w is n a philosophy ( education1 b r a laudable attempt to contribute some?+ t[>d x4 ,9 ! fir/ *apt]1 on ,:at is ,tea*+8 he br+s out =cibly ! tru? t tea*+ is n simply tell+1 nor is talk+ to a class necess>ily tea*+1 z exp]i5ce %[s t a class may be told a ?+ tw5ty times ov]1 & talk$ to 9 ! mo/ flu5t mann]1 & /ill make little advancem5t 9 k4 #acc ,?is tru? des]ves m att5tion f ^? engag$ 9 tea*+4 ,! "w ( univ]sal education :i* is requir$ 9 our c\ntry is s va/1 t necessity has =c$ _m to assume ! (fice ( tea*]s :o h v little k ( :at tea*+ is4 ,tea*+1 z ! au?or well says1 is caus+ "o to "k4 ,n[1 no "o c be made to "k a ?+ b by ! act ( 8 own p[]s4 ,8 own s5ses1 8 own memory1 8 own p[]s ( reason1 p]ception1 & judgm5t mu/ be ex]cis$4 ,! function ( ! tea*] is to br+ ab\t ?is ex]cise ( ! pupil's faculties4 ,! second *apt]1 on ,! ,art ( ,que/ion+1 /ates t a mo/ important & difficult "p ( ! tea*]'s art is to "k h[ to ask a "q1 b he gives none ( ! pr9ciples t und]lie ! art4 ,! e>ne/ read] w say3 ,if s mu* dep5ds on skilful que/ion+1 :y does he n tell u h[ to d x8 ,! little "w ( ,j4 ,g4 ,fil*1 ,m4,a41 on ,! ,art ( ,que/ion+ appe>s to u mu* m philosophical & satisfactory4 ,accord+ to him1 que/ions z employ$ by tea*]s may be divid$ into ?ree classes1 accord+ to ! purposes :i* !y may be int5d$ to s]ve4 ,!re is1 fir/1 ! prelim9>y or exp]im5tal "q1 by :i* an in/ructor feels 8 way1 s\nds ! dep?s ( 8 pupil's k1 & prep>es him = ! reception ( :at x is design$ to tea*4 ,!re is1 secondly1 ! "q employ$ 9 actual in/ruction1 by means ( :i* ! ?\ghts ( ! le>n] are ex]cis$1 & he is compell$1 s to speak1 to take a %>e 9 giv+ himself ! lesson4 ,?irdly1 !re is ! "q ( exam9ation1 by :i* a tea*] te/s 8 own "w1 aft] he has giv5 a lesson1 & asc]ta9s :e!r x has be5 s\ndly & ?or\ghly le>n$4 ,by ?is me?od1 z an em95t tea*] has said1 "o fir/ que/ions ! k into ! m9ds ( ! *ildr51 & !n que/ions x out ( !m aga94 ,! foll[+ *apt]s on ! ord] ( developm5t ( ! m5tal faculties are v good4 ,we ?9k1 h[ev]1 he lays too mu* /ress on ! necessity ( k be=e memory4 ,! memory1 be+ /ronge/ & mo/ ret5tive 9 y\?1 %\ld !n be /or$ ) ^? g]m9at+ =mulas :i* w be> fruit 9 aft] life4 ,:5 ! reason+ p[]s are develop$ at a lat] p]iod1 !y !n h some?+ ^u :i* to act4 ,! *apt]s on ,lov+ ! ,*ildr5 & ,ga9+ _! ,affections are excell5t4 ,! high sal>ies paid 9 our public s*ools induce _m to engage 9 tea*+1 m]ely because x af=ds !m honorable & lucrative employm5t4 ,!y h no love = ! *ildr51 & are1 !re=e1 unfit = ! "w4 ,!y h no sympa?y = ! *ildr5 ( ! poor ) bright eyes & tatt]$ g>m5ts4 ,x is pa9ful to g into ! s*ool ( su* tea*]s4 ,!y seem to reg>d ! *ildr5 z pawns on a *essbo>d1 or z ?+s :i* !y are paid to manage & keep 9 ord]4 ,su* tea*]s %\ld /udy well ! *apt]s on lov+ ! *ildr5 = :at !y are 9 !mselves4 ,he !n introduces a *apt] on ,phr5ology1 9 :i* he details sev]al in/ances :]e a pr(essor ( phr5ology1 z he says1 0 misl$1 & gave an incorrect del9eation ( "*4 ,we suppose he wi%es u to conclude1 phr5ology is !re=e a humbug4 ,b su* an inf]5ce is evid5tly unw>rant$ f any data he has giv54 #acd ,"o might z well say t sev]al in/ances ( malpractice on ! "p ( physicians prove ! sci5ce ( m$ic9e to be a humbug4 ,!re is no d\bt t1 by phr5ology1 physiognomy1 & v>i\s temp]am5tal peculi>ities1 a p]son's g5]al "* & disposition may be disc]n$4 ,! wise tea*] w /udy ^!1 t he may intellig5tly v>y 8 gov]nm5t & tea*+ to suit ! v>i\s *>act]s ( ! pupils "u 8 *>ge4 ,! "w ( ,mr4 ,john ,heck] on ,! ,sci5tific ,basis ( ,education %[s to h[ great an ext5t a k ( phr5ology & ( ! diff]5t temp]am5ts may assi/ ! tea*] 9 ! in/ruction & gov]nm5t ( *ildr54 ,8 "w is wor?y ! att5tion ( e tea*]4 ,! *apt]s on ,normal ,s*ools & ,practice ,tea*+ are important4 ,x by no means foll[s t1 because a p]son kn[s a ?+1 he is !re=e prep>$ to tea*4 ,! art ( communicat+ "o's k to o!rs is q a di/9ct acquirem5t4 ,no "o :o has comp>$ ! results obta9$ by tea*]s :o h be5 tra9$ = ! "w ) ^? :o h n c fail to appreciate ?is4 ,we hope ! "t w come :5 all :o occupy ! position ( tea*]s w be requir$ to att5d to ?is matt]1 & keep pace ) ! progress made 9 ! art ( tea*+4 ,! *apt] on cultivat+ a habit ( att5tion %\ld be /udi$ by e tea*]4 ,! freaks into :i* an uncultivat$ e> may be l$ = ! want ( att5tion w be be/ illu/rat$ by "o ( ! au?or's examples4 ,a class at ! high-s*ool 0 requir$ to copy a passage f dictation4 ,! clause1 ,e brea* ( v]acity indicates "s lat5t vice1 appe>$ ) ! foll[+ v>iations3 ,e brea* ( v]acity indicates "s lat5t vice4 ,e bridge ( rasality indicates "s late/ vice4 ,e bree* ( f]ocity indicates "s lat9et vice4 ,e prea* ( erracity indicates "s late device4 ,e bran* ( vivacity indicates "s great advice4 ,e bran* ( v]acity indicates "s late advice4 ,e bran* ( v]acity indicates "s ladovice4 ,e bran* ( v]acity indicates "s lad5$ vice4 ,e bran* ( v]acity 9 ! next "s lat5t vice4 ,e rea* ( _! ascidity indicates "s advice4 ,e "o :o is call$ ^u to give out notices or to speak 9 public kn[s full well h[ great a portion ( :at is said 9 ! pla9e/ mann] is misappreh5d$ = ! want ( ?is habit ( att5tion4 ,! volume closes ) a l5g?y ,argum5t = ,common ,s*ools4 ,x w\ld be m prop]ly call$ an apology4 ,8 fir/ po9t is1 t )\t common s*ools we _c ma9ta9 p]man5tly our popul> in/itutions4 ,! necessity ( univ]sal education to secure ! p]man5ce ( our popul> in/itutions is conc$$ by all4 ,b education1 accord+ to ! au?or's own def9ition1 is ! develop+ 9 due ord] & proportion :atev] is good & desirable 9 human nature4 ,!re=e1 n only ! intellect1 b also ! moral & religi\s nature mu/ be develop$4 ,?is ! common s*ools fail to d4 ,a man is n necess>ily a good citiz5 because he is intellig5t1 )\t he also possesses moral integrity4 ,accord+ to ! au?or's own admission1 8 education is incomplete4 ,z ! public s*ools fail to give any moral tra9+1 !y fail to make reliable citiz5s1 & are !re=e insuffici5t to secure ! p]man5ce ( our democratic =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,to ?is objection he replies t _m ( ! tea*]s are pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians1 & ex]t a cont9ual ,*ri/ian influ5ce4 ,b _m m are non-pr(essors1 & ex]t an anti-*ri/ian influ5ce4 #ace ,9 visit+ s*ools1 we h be5 able to tell ! religi\s /atus ( ! tea*]s 9 *>ge by ! g5]al tone ( ! ex]cises4 ,"o presid$ ov] by a zeal\s ,me?odi/ resembl$ a ,me?odi/ ,sunday-s*ool or conf]5ce meet+4 ,ano!r1 "u ! c>e ( a sm>t "y man1 delight$ 9 love songs1 boat+ songs1 etc41 & _h ! g5]al tone ( a "y folks' glee-club4 ,9 ano!r ( our mo/ celebrat$ public s*ools1 "o ( ! pr(essors 0 an a!i/1 & x 0 a matt] ( common rem>k among ! boys t ,pr(4 ---- said !re 0 no ,god4 ,9 ano!r1 "o ( ! tea*]s 0 ov]he>d sne]+ at a *ild because %e believ$ 9 our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 & _h a rev]5ce = religi\s ?+s4 ,we admit t ! famili> int]c\rse & intimate relations ( ! tea*]s ) ! *ildr5 give !m a great influ5ce ov] _! pla/ic m9ds1 b1 to our sorr[1 we "k t x is n always = good4 ,we d n1 !re=e1 consid] x a recomm5dation ( a sy/em to say t ! moral tone ( its tea*+ dep5ds altoge!r on ! caprice & "* ( ! diff]5t tea*]s x happ5s to employ4 ,aga91 he says ! law ( trial by jury requires t e citiz5 %\ld be intellig5t1 z !y are ?us call$ to take "p 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice4 ,true2 b x requires mu* m t jurym5 %\ld possess moral pr9ciple4 ,:at makes c\rts ( ju/ice s (t5 a mock]y1 b ! want ( pr9ciple & ( consci5ce 9 ^? :o adm9i/] ! law8 ,if 8 e/ate1 life1 or reputation dep5d$ on ! decision ( twelve m51 w\ld he feel easy if he knew !m to be unpr9cipl$1 immoral m51 op5 to brib]y & corruption1 h[ev] intellig5t !y might be8 ,no2 ! con/itution ( our gov]nm5t1 ! popul> in/itutions ( our c\ntry1 require t "h1 m ?an 9 any c\ntry ( ! _w1 ! "y %\ld receive a s\nd moral & religi\s tra9+1 :i* _c be done :]e1 z "h1 religion is exclud$ f our common s*ools4 ,b1 he says1 ! *ildr5 att5d ! ,sunday-s*ool1 :i* supplem5ts ! in/ructions ( ! weekday-s*ool4 ,true2 b e e>ne/ pa/or :o has any positive cre$ or doctr9e to tea* 8 *ildr5 w tell y t "o or two brief meet+s on ,sunday are n en\gh = ?is purpose4 ,we ourselves are =c$ to ! pa9ful conclusion t ! ,sunday-s*ool sy/em does n give suffici5t control ov] ! *ildr5 to =m 9 !m any e>ne/ ,*ri/ian "*4 ,x is l res]v+ ! salt :i* %\ld season our food dur+ ! week1 & tak+ x all 9 a dose on ,sunday4 ,! ,sunday-s*ool %\ld be dilig5tly us$ to supply1 z f> z may be1 ! lack ( religi\s in/ruction 9 ! common s*ools1 b t x alone is inadequate to ?is purpose is %[n by ! con/antly increas+ numb] ( our "y :o foll[ n ! foot/eps ( _! p>5ts 9 ! ways ( a ,*ri/ian life4 ,! au?or !n1 *ang+ 8 base1 argues t intellectual education alone t5ds to prev5t s5suality & crime1 & adduces /ati/ics to %[ t ! majority ( convicts 9 our prisons are f ! un$ucat$ class4 ,b if he att5d$ to o!r /ati/ics rec5tly br\ght to light by ,rev4 ,dr4 ,todd1 ,dr4 ,/or]1 ( ,bo/on1 & o!rs1 he w\ld discov] t s5suality1 only m ref9$1 is p]meat+ ,am]ican society1 & t hidd5 crime is depopulat+ "s ( ! faire/ portions ( our l&4 ,x is true1 p]haps1 t ^? crimes :i* are tak5 cognizance ( by ! police c\rts may be m num]\s among ! un$ucat$1 b x is ^? secret crimes aga9/ ,god & ! moral law t corrupt society & endang] a nation's life4 #acf ,9 ,new ,engl&1 :i* ! au?or holds up z ! ideal ( :at ! common-s*ool sy/em c produce1 physicians te/ify t immorality & hidd5 crime prevail to su* an ext5t t ! native ,am]ican /ock is lit]ally dy+ out1 ! numb] ( dea?s f> exce$+ ! numb] ( bir?s4 ,intellectual culture alone w n pres]ve ,am]ican society f corruption1 any m ?an x did pagan ,greece & ,rome4 ,! au?or seems to feel ! =ce ( ?is objection1 :i*1 z he says1 is urg$ ) s]i\sness by m5 ^: purity ( motive is above "q1 & ^: p]sonal "* gives great weight to _! op9ions1 & admits t religi\s tea*+ does n hold t prom95t position 9 ! c\rse ( /udy t x %\ld hold2 b he seems =c$1 l _m ( 8 fell[-educators :om we h kn[n1 to argue & apologize = ! common-s*ool sy/em1 because !y see no way ( secur+ univ]sal education & at ! same "t provid+ = prop] religi\s tra9+4 ,if !y turn1 h[ev]1 to ! educational sy/ems ( ,france1 ,au/ria1 or ,prussia1 !y w\ld f9d ! problem solv$4 ,ev5 9 ,canada1 ! ,briti% ,p>liam5t has avoid$ by its provisions ^? s]i\s errors "u :i* we labor1 & :i* are mak+ our sy/em daily m & m unpopul>4 ,by ,an ,act to re/ore to ,roman ,ca?olics 9 ,upp] ,canada c]ta9 rights 9 respect to ,sep>ate ,s*ools1 pass$ ,may #e?1 #ahfc1 !y provid$ t ! ,roman ,ca?olic sep>ate s*ools %all be entitl$ to a %>e 9 ! fund annually grant$ by ! legislature ( ! prov9ce = ! support ( common-s*ools1 & %all be entitl$ also to a %>e 9 all o!r public grants1 inve/m5ts1 & allotm5ts = common-s*ool purposes n[ made or h]eaft] to be made by ! municipal au?orities1 accord+ to ! av]age numb] ( pupils att5d+ su* s*ool z comp>$ ) ! :ole av]age numb] ( pupils att5d+ s*ools 9 ! same city1 t[n1 village1 or t[n%ip4 7,cap4 #e1 sec4 #bj47 ,& also t ! ,roman ,ca?olic sep>ate s*ools 7) _! regi/]s7 %all be subject to su* inspection z may be direct$ f "t to "t by ! *ief sup]9t5d5t ( public in/ruction4 7,cap4 #e1 sec4 #bf47 ,let our sep>ate s*ools t h be5 & may be e/abli%$1 9 :i* ! *ildr5 receive a prop] religi\s tra9+1 receive _! due proportion ( ! public fund1 & by ! inspection ( a bo>d ( education be kept up to ! highe/ /&>d ( secul> le>n+1 & ! grievances "u :i* we n[ suff] w be remov$4 ---------- #acg ,f ! ,g]man ,! ,holy ,grayle4 ',"h on ! ru%es w ,i sleep1 ,& p]*ance !re may come a vision true1 ,ere day create ! _w anew4' ,sl[ly ,sir ,launfal's eyes grew dim1 ,slumb] fell l a cl\d on him1 ,& into 8 s\l ! vision flew4 ,l[ell4 ,sir ,launcelot ,du ,lac--)\t 8 pe] ( e>?ly1 s9ful man--_h tak5 ! ,que/ ( ! ,holy ,grayle4 ,"o deadly s9 gnaw$ at ! he>t ( ! fl[] ( *ivalry2 b a mighty sorr[ /ruggl$ ) & subdu$ 8 remorse1 & a holy h]mit assoil$ him ( 8 s94 ,) purifi$ & /r5g!n$ he>t1 he won 8 way to a sight ( t wondr\s vessel1 ! object ( s _m knightly v[s4 ,x /ood on a table ( silv] veil$ ) r$ samite4 ,a ?rong ( angels /ood ab\t x4 ,"o held a wax light & ano!r ! holy cross4 ,a light l t ( a ?\s& tor*es fill$ ! h\se4 ,sir ,launcelot he>d a voice cry1 ,approa* n6 b = v wond] & ?ankfulness he =got ! comm&4 ,he press$ t[>d ! ,holy ,grayle ) out/ret*$ h&s1 & cri$1 ,o mo/ fair & sweet ,"l6 :i* art "h )9 ?is holy vessel1 = ?y pity1 %[ me some?+ ( t ,i seek4 ,a brea?1 z f a fi]y furnace1 smote him sorely 9 ! face4 ,he fell to ! gr\nd1 & lay = ! space ( f\r & tw5ty days seem+ly dead to ! eyes ( all ! p4 ,b 9 t swoon m>vels t no tongue c tell & no he>t conceive pass$ be=e 8 face4 444 ,! hi/ory ( ! wondr\s vessel 0 9 a measure made kn[n to him4 ,8 purifi$ eyes saw 9 ! dim pa/ a long l9e ( patri>*s & prophets1 :o _h be5 entru/$ ) ?is sacr$ *>ge almo/ f ! beg9n+ ( "t4 ,! ,san ,greal 0 reveal$ to 8 ard5t gaze3 ,fir/3 9 ! h&s ( :ite-rob$ m51 :o met ,noah z he w5t 91 & 8 sons1 & 8 wife1 & 8 sons' wives1 ) him into ! ark1 be>+ ) him ! bones ( ,adam--great ,prog5itor4 ,its orig9 & hi/ory 7 reveal$ to ,noah1 & t x 0 de/9$ to be us$ 9 ! mo/ my/]i\s ( rites4 ,next3 ,abraham 0 /&+ be=e an alt> on a hillock 9 ! valley ( ,jeho%aphat4 ,8 flocks 7 graz+ ar\nd or dr9k+ f ! brook ,c$ron3 8 camels & bea/s ( burd5 & arm$ s]vants 9 ! di/ance4 ,! patri>*1 flu%$ ) victory1 /ood z if 9 awe & expectation4 ,maje/ic1 :ite-w+$ ,mel*iz$ek came f ,salem4 ,8 tall1 sl5d] frame 0 full ( temp]$ maje/y4 ,he wore a g>m5t ( dazzl+ :it5ess1 conf9$ by a girdle on :i* 7 embroid]$ *>act]s ( my/ic import4 ,8 long hair 0 fair & glossy z silk2 8 be>d :ite1 %ort1 & po9t$4 ,8 face %one ) div9e spl5dor4 ,a holy calm seem$ diffus$ 9 ! air ar\nd him4 ,he bore 9 8 h&s ! holy vessel h&$ d[n f ,noah4 ,he plac$ x ^u ! alt>1 beh9d :i* rose ?ree cl\ds ( smoke2 ! "o 9 ! mid/ rose high] ?an ! o!r two4 ,on ! alt> lay ! bones ( ,adam--long aft] buri$ b5ea? ! great alt> ( ,calv>y--& bo? pray$ ,god to fulfil ! promise he _h made to ,adam ( "o day s5d+ ! great ,deliv]] :o w\ld bruise ! s]p5t's head4 #ach ,! prie/ ( ! mo/ high ,god !n took bread & w9e-- emblems ( ! great ,eu*>i/ic ,sacrifice--rais$ !m t[>d heav51 & bless$ !m1 & gave !re( to ,abraham & 8 s]vants1 b ta/$ n !re( himself4 ,!y :o ate ( ?is bread & drank ( ?is w9e seem$ /r5g!n$ & dev\tly inspir$ !reby4 ,& ,mel*iz$ek bless$ ,abraham1 & said3 ,bless$ be ,abram by ! mo/ high ,god1 :o creat$ heav5 & e>?4 ,& he r5ew$ to him ! promise t 9 him %\ld all ! families ( ! e>? be bless$4 ,! ,san ,greal seem$1 9 ! vision1 left ) ,abraham z a pl$ge ( t promise1 & aft]w>d1 0 c>ri$ d[n into ,egypt by ! *ildr5 ( ,israel4 ,moses took x ) him :5 he fl$ to ! l& ( ,midian1 & 0 us+ x = "s my/]i\s oblation on ,m\nt ,horeb1 :5 ! ,"l appe>$ to him 9 a flame ( fire out ( ! burn+ bu%4 ,sir ,launcelot saw ! vessel long aft] 9 ! temple ( ,j]usalem among o!r preci\s objects ( antiquity2 its use & orig9 ne>ly =gott54 ,only a few rememb]$ its /range hi/ory1 & felt1 r ?an knew1 t x yet await$ its mo/ glori\s use4 ,its holy gu>dians _h always wat*$ ov] its safety ) jeal\s c>e1 until ! abom9ation ( desolation ent]$ ! holy place4 ,b a div9e ,eye seem$ to wat* ov] x4 ,at ! in/itution ( ! ,mass1 x 0 9 ! possession ( a holy woman1 s9ce kn[n z ,v]onica--h] :o took (f h] veil to wipe ! du/ & sweat & blood f ! div9e face ( suff]+ ,jesus1 :i* 0 left !reon s miracul\sly impr9t$4 ,v]onica br\ght ! vessel to ! disciples ( ,jesus to be us$ at ! ,la/ ,supp]4 ,! ,holy ,grayle reveal$ to ! a/oni%$ eyes ( ,sir ,launcelot 0 compos$ ( two p>ts1 ! cup & ! foot4 ,! cup alone _h be5 h&$ d[n f ! "t ( ! holy patri>*s4 ,its v =m 0 wond]ful & significant1 & its composition my/]i\s4 ,jesus alone knew :at x 04 ,x 0 d>k1 compact1 & p]haps ( vegetable orig94 ,x 0 cov]$ & l9$ ) gold1 & on x 7 two h&les4 ,! foot ( ! *alice1 add$ at a lat] p]iod1 0 ( virg9 gold1 wr\ght ) ! skill ( a cunn+ workman4 ,x 0 ornam5t$ ) a s]p5t & a bun* ( grapes1 & gleam$ ) preci\s /ones4 ,! :ole *alice re/$ on a silv] tablet1 surr\nd$ by six small] ones4 ,^! six cups _h belong$ to diff]5t patri>*s1 :o drank !refrom a /range liquor on c]ta9 solemn occasions4 ,!y 7 us$ by ! holy apo/les at ! ,la/ ,supp]1 ea* cup s]v+ = two p]sons4 7,^! cups ,sir ,launcelot saw belong+ aft]w>d to diff]5t ,*ri/ian *ur*es1 :]e !y 7 held 9 great rev]5ce47 ,! ,holy ,grayle /ood be=e our bless$ ,"l4 444 ,let n s9ful h& depict ! vision ( t unbloody sacrifice1 s cle>ly reveal$ to ! ador+ eyes ( ,sir ,launcelot1 & s affect+ly told 9 ,holy ,writ4 444 ,! ,san ,greal1 fa%ion$ ) my/]i\s c>e = ! mo/ my/]i\s ( oblations1 & h&$ d[n f remote antiquity by righte\s m51 to :om x 0 ! pl$ge ( a solemn cov5ant1 0 h5ce=? to be ! object ( ! v5]ation ( ! ,*ri/ian _w4 ,only ! pure 9 he>t c\ld gu>d x4 ,angels ) lov+ rev]5ce fold$ _! w+s ar\nd :at conta9$ mo/ preci\s ,blood4 ,its pres5ce conf]r$ a b5$iction on ! l& 9 :i* x 0 pres]v$4 #aci ,sir ,launcelot saw aft]w>d ! h& t came f heav5 "r to ! holy grayle & b>e x away4 ,b a com=t+ voice told him t x %\ld reappe> on ! e>?1 ?\gh = him ! que/ 0 end$4 ,at ! end ( f\r & tw5ty days1 ,sir ,launcelot awoke4 ,! vision _h pass$ away1 b ! place 0 fill$ ) ! sweete/ odors1 z if ( ,p>adise4 ,wond]+ !reat1 he cri$3 ,i ?ank ,god ( 8 inf9ite m]cy = t ,i h se51 = x com=te? me4 ,& he rose up & w5t to ,camelot1 :]e he f\nd ,k+ ,ar?ur & _m ( ! ,knights ( ! ,r\nd ,table1 to :om he relat$ all t _h befall5 him4 ---------- ,new ,publications4 ,lives ,( ,! ,engli% ,c>d9als2 ,includ+ ,hi/orical ,notices ,( ,! ,papal ,c\rt1 ,f ,ni*olas ,breakspe> 7,pope ,adrian ,iv47 ,to ,?omas ,wolsey1 ,c>d9al ,legate4 ,by ,folke/one ,williams1 au?or (1 etc41 etc4 ,philadelphia3 ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,co4 #ahfh4 #b vols4 #hvo1 pp4 #dhd1 #edc4 ,wond]s w nev] cease4 ,a few ye>s s9ce1 ! pres5t pope1 will+ to d honor to a great nation1 conf]r$ on "o ( its subjects ! highe/ dignity 9 8 gift4 ,! new c>d9al 0 a man honor$ alike 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica = 8 le>n+ & ability1 z well z = 8 nev] dep>t+ f ! /rict l9e ( 8 prie/ly & episcopal functions4 ,"o w\ld h suppos$ t ! ,engli% gov]nm5t & p w\ld h felt flatt]$1 & t ! ,engli% sov]eign1 :o is que5 n only ( c]ta9 ,prote/ant ,engli%m51 b ( a mass ( ,ca?olic subjects :o _c numb] mu* less ?an tw5ty millions1 w\ld1 :ile ?ank+ 8 hol9ess1 h h9t$ t h] tw5ty millions %\ld h m ?an "o repres5tative 9 ! ,sacr$ ,college4 ,in/ead ( ?is s5sible c\rse1 a p]iod ( insanity ensu$--,engl& fro!d1 ,engl& foam$1 ,engl& grew rabid4 ,to judge by ?is book1 ,engl& is actually becom+ sane4 ,! au?or seems to feel t ,engl& is slight$ because %e has no c>d9al4 ,!re has rec5tly be5 a creation ( c>d9als1 &1 ?\gh "s disappo9tm5t may h be5 caus$ by ! omission ( an em95t ,engli% "n f ^? s honor$1 ! extraord9>y claims ( "o ( ! mo/ active ( ,roman ,ca?olic prelates are n likely to be ov]look$ by s discrim9at+ a pontiff z ,pio ,nono4 ,mr4 ,williams "h1 9 two goodly octavos1 gives ! lives ( ! ,engli% c>d9als1 f ,rob]t le ,p\le to ,wolsey1 z he conceives x2 & a rapid exam9ation ( ! :ole1 & c>eful scrut9y ( portions1 leads u to ! judgm5t t seldom has a "w be5 attempt$ by a man s utt]ly unfitt$ = ! task4 ,z ?\gh 8 prop] task did n af=d him a field suffici5tly l>ge1 he gives an introduction ( eighty pages on ! ,papacy1 ! ,anglo-,saxon ,*ur*1 & ! ,anglo-,norman ,*ur*4 ,! :ole hi/ory ( ! *ur* d[n to ! ,re=mation is ?us treat$ (1 & to ! mighty und]tak+ he br+s only ! usual sup]ficial read+ ( our "t1 ) a m ?an ord9>y am\nt ( religi\s flippancy1 & false & prejudic$ views ( ,ca?olic dogma1 practice1 polity1 & life4 ,!re is n a silly sl&] aga9/ ! *ur* t he does n adopt & give1 ) all ! gravity imag9able1 z undisput$ fact1 n ev5 deign+ to quote vaguely any ( 8 second-h& au?orities or mod]n treatises1 :ile1 to make a p>ade ( 8 le>n+1 he gives u a f\r-l9e note 9 ,greek to support 8 op9ion z to a topographical "q z immat]ial to ! hi/ory ( ! ,engli% c>d9als z a discussion on ! ,zulu language w\ld be4 ,z in/ances ( 8 utt] unfitness1 we might ref] to 8 treatm5t ( su* po9ts z ,/4 ,gregory ,,vii41 ,pope ,joan1 & ! in/itution ( ! ,fea/ ( ! ,immaculate ,conception4 #adj ,:at 8 own religi\s /&-po9t may be is n easily decid$4 ,he lays d[n 7p4 #adf7 t ,*ri/'s div9ity is 8 humanity2 t ! idea ( ! ,good ,%eph]d1 put =w>d by our ,"l & ev] deem$ s typical ( him1 0 ( pagan orig91 7p4 #h17 &1 f ! note on ! same page1 t ! *ur*1 z f\nd$ by ,*ri/1 0 a gr& failure4 ,he ma9ta9s1 too1 t ! ,*ri/ianity1 z introduc$ into ,engl&1 0 & is only ! old paganism1 ! names ( ! days ( ! week settl+ ! "q1 7p4 #bd47 ,on "o po9t only he seems cle> & positive1 & ?is is1 t on g5]al pr9ciples popes mu/ always be wrong1 & t to d5y any?+ !y lay d[n mu/ be pre-em95tly "r4 ,z a specim5 ( 8 /yle1 take ! foll[+3 ,! ,good ,%eph]d 0 ! recogniz$ emblem ( ! div9e ,f\nd] ( _! religion1 b z ! community enl>g$ x requir$ a human director4 ,we are left 9 d\bt :e!r ?is community ( primitive ,*ri/ians requir$ ?is human director z a new emblem1 or a new f\nd]1 or a new religion4 ,he proce$s3 ,he :o by 8 sup]ior sanctity ga9$ au?ority z well z admiration 0 inve/$ ) t "*4 ,8 flock became a *ur*1 & he und]took its spiritual managem5t 9 ! capacity ( presbyt]4 ,?is is a v pretty fable1 b he fails to give u any au?ority4 ,an expression ( our ,"l %[s t *ur* au?ority began at ! o!r end3 ,non vos me elegi/is2 s$ ego elegi vos1 et posui vos ut eatis1 ,y did n elect me1 7y\r ,god & ,r$eem]17 b ,i pick$ y out & set y up to g & tea*4 ,& !y did g & did tea*1 & su* z li/5$ to _! tea*+ & became _! disciples became ,*ri/ians ) human directors f ! outset4 ,dur+ ! p]iod cov]$ prop]ly by ^! volumes1 f ! beg9n+ ( ! twelf? to t ( ! fifte5? c5turies1 ,engl& _h comp>atively few c>d9als2 ,engli% k+s seem$ to h c>$ little to ex]cise any influ5ce on papal c\ncils1 & nev] s\ght to obta9 = an ,engli% pr9ce an honor giv5 to memb]s ( _m reign+ families4 ,! ,engli% c>d9als ^: names at once sugge/ !mselves are ,c>d9al ,ni*olas ,breakspe>1 7subsequ5tly ,pope ,adrian ,,iv417 ,c>d9al ,/eph5 ,langton1 ,c>d9al ,beau=t1 & ,c>d9al ,wolsey4 ,( all except ! fir/1 ! g5]al idea 9 m5's m9ds is drawn less f hi/ory ?an f ,%akespe>e4 ,( ^! especially1 really well-writt5 lives1 ) sket*es ( ! less kn[n & less important ,engli% c>d9als1 w\ld inde$ be a valuable addition2 b su* ,mr4 ,williams's book c]ta9ly is n4 ,9 beg9n+ 8 life ( ,adrian ,,iv41 he quotes ,mat!w ( ,p>is1 :o makes him son ( ,rob]t de ,cam]a1 said by ,william ( ,newburgh to h be5 a poor s*ol>2 !n cites ,camd5's /atem5t t he 0 born at ,langley1 ne> ,/4 ,alban's2 b he slips 9 a *>ge1 hunt$ up 9 ! fil? ( ! wret*$ ,bale1 t he 0 illegitimate2 z ?\gh ! ass]tion ( su* a man1 9 ! mo/ virul5t /age ( ! ,re=mation abuse1 c\ld be au?ority z to a fact ( a p]iod s long pa/4 ,ev5 ,full]1 z he admits1 ) all 8 read9ess to belittle ! papacy1 only ins9uates t he 0 an illegitimate son4 ,yet ,mr4 ,williams1 on ! ass]tion ( a ,bale & ! ins9uation ( a ,full]1 says1 ,!re is reason to believe t he 0 ! natural son ( a prie/1 & on ?is supposition he proce$s to erect 8 :ole sup]/ructure4 ,f su* a writ] no book c emanate t any man c read :o does n wilfully wi% to be misl$4 ----- #ada ,goe! ,& ,s*ill]4 ,an ,hi/orical ,romance4 ,by ,l4 ,mhlba*1 au?or ( ,joseph ,,ii4 & 8 ,c\rt1 ,fr$]ick ! ,great & 8 ,c\rt1 ,! ,empress ,joseph9e1 ,&reas ,h(]1 etc41 etc4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man by ,*apman ,coleman4 ,illu/rat$ by ,ga/on ,fay4 ,new ,york3 ,d4 ,appleton ,co4 ,pp4 #bhc4 #ahfh4 ,a c>eful p]usal ( ?is1 ! au?or's late/ production1 has n caus$ u to modify1 9 ! slighte/ degree1 ! op9ion h]et(ore express$ 9 ^! pages conc]n+ ! volumes compris+ :at is n[ kn[n z ! ,mhlba* s]ies ( hi/orical romances4 ,t !y are ably writt5 we admitt$ !n1 & we are n n[ dispos$ to d5y4 ,b ?is1 _! only m]it1 9 our judgm5t1 c be claim$ equally z well = _m lit]>y works :i* no prud5t fa!r1 no c>eful "m1 w\ld dream ( keep+ )9 rea* (1 mu* less ( plac+ 9 ! h&s (1 _! guileless (fspr+4 ,illicit love1 9 "s in/ances cov]$ by a ?9 veil ( ,platonism1 ! intrigues ( c\rti]s1 duplicity & meanness1 are ! pivotal po9ts on :i* ! incid5ts pr9cipally turn4 ,= ^! & simil> (f5ces aga9/ morality1 ! au?or has no ^w ( c5sure1 :ile z = ! dramatis p]sonae1 _! virtu\s indignation1 :5 giv5 utt]ance to1 is always direct$ aga9/ ! crim9al & n ! crime4 ,9 f9e1 we look ^u ^! z books by :i* n a s+le p]son c become bett] or m enlight5$1 :ile v _m w rise f _! p]usal worse ?an be=e4 ----- ,fa!r ,clevel&2 ,or1 ,! ,jesuit4 ,by ! au?oress ( ,life 9 ! ,cloi/]1 ,grace ,o',halloran1 ,! ,two ,m>ys1 etc41 etc4 ,bo/on3 ,p4 ,donahoe4 ,pp4 #agh4 #ahfh4 ,an affect+ tale1 f\nd$ on fact4 ,! ma9 incid5t1 ! h]o9e )]+ b5ea? ! brea? ( calumny & f9ally dy+ ( a brok5 he>t1 truly depicts ! fatal consequ5ces too (t5 result+ f ! s9 ( sl&]4 ,! sc5e is laid 9 ,engl&1 ,irel&1 & ! ,new ,_w4 ,! incid5ts be+ pr9cipally descriptive ( ! fall5 =tunes ( ! ,desmonds1 ! sad rev]ses ( ,squire ,clevel&1 & ! untimely fate ( ! amiable h]o9e1 give a r sombre tone to ! n>rative1 :i* is some:at reliev$1 h[ev]1 by ! filial affection ( ,aile5 ,desmond1 ! qua9t humor ( ,pat ,magra?1 & ! unaffect$ piety & zeal\s m9i/rations ( ,fa!r ,clevel&1 ! good ,jesuit4 ----- ,outl9es ,( ,anci5t ,& ,mod]n ,hi/ory4 ,illu/rat$ by num]\s ,geographical & ,hi/orical ,notes & ,maps4 ,embrac+3 ,"p ,i4 ,anci5t ,hi/ory4 ,"p ,,ii4 ,mod]n ,hi/ory4 ,by ,m>cius ,willson4 ,s*ool ,edition4 ,publi%$ by ,ivison1 ,ph9ney ,co41 ,new-,york4 ,messrs4 ,ivison1 ,ph9ney ,co4 are among ! mo/ ext5sive publi%]s ( s*ool books 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!y are ! publi%]s ( ,s&]s's s]ies ( ,union ,read]s1 ,rob9son's ,ari?metics & ,ma!matical ,works1 ,k]l's ,gramm>s1 & _m o!r s*ool publications4 ,all ( ^! are l>gely us$ 9 our ,ca?olic in/itutions1 & ext5sively us$ 9 ! public s*ools all ov] ! c\ntry4 ,at pres5t we w conf9e our rem>ks to ! ,outl9es ( ,anci5t & ,mod]n ,hi/ory at ! head ( ?is notice4 ,we are fully satisfi$ t any c&id1 intellig5t1 fair-m9d$ read] ( ?is misnam$ hi/ory1 aft] ! mo/ cursory exam9ation1 w\ld pron\nce its introduction into ! s*ools ( ! c\ntry z highly calculat$ to mislead su* z %\ld rely on its /atem5ts1 & corrupt su* z %\ld adopt its pr9ciples4 ,9 note ,i1 p4 #ccb1 he tells u t ! ,albig5ses is a "n giv5 to sev]al h]etical sects 9 ! ,s\? ( ,france1 :o agre$ 9 oppos+ ! dom9ion ( ! ,roman hi]>*y1 & 9 endeavor+ to re/ore ! simplicity ( anci5t ,*ri/ianity1 & t ! cre$ ( ! un=tunates _h be5 ext+ui%$ 9 blood4 ,! ,prote/ant hi/orian1 ,mo%eim1 speak+ ( ^! un=tunates1 says t _! %ock+ violation ( dec5cy 0 a consequ5ce ( _! p]nici\s sy/em4 #adb ,!y look$ ^u dec5cy & mode/y z m>ks ( inw>d corruption4 ,c]ta9 en?usia/s among !m ma9ta9$ t ! believ] c\ld n s91 let 8 conduct be ev] s horrible & atroci\s4 7,murdock's ,mo%eim1 note1 vol4 ii4 b4 iii4 p4 #bef4 ,footnote #bf7 ,footnote #bf3 ,?is note 0 omitt$ 9 ! ,engli% translation4 ,b our object is n to refute or expose its inconsi/5cies1 contradictions1 misrepres5tations1 falsehoods1 & calumnies1 z ! book1 left to itself1 is f> bel[ our notice4 ,b ! case is diff]5t :5 ,messrs4 ,ivison1 ,ph9ney ,co4 set _! ma*9]y 9 motion = introduc+ ?is ,,s*ool-,,book into all ! s*ools 9 ! c\ntry1 s5d _! ag5ts f s*ool to s*ool solicit+ _! introduction1 & adv]tise 9 s*ool publications ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry t ?is ,hi/ory has an ext5sive circulation1 has receiv$ ! highe/ recomm5dations f hundr$s ( presid5ts & pr(essors ( colleges1 pr9cipals ( academies1 sem9>ies1 & high-s*ools4 ,x is ^! p[]ful &1 we are sorry to say1 successful ef=ts t h caus$ u to take any notice :atev] ( ?is demoraliz+ book2 = left to itself x w\ld be ( v little consequ5ce4 ,9 ! same page f :i* we h already quot$1 p4 #ccb1 ! au?or ass5ts t ! av>ice ( ,pope ,leo ,x4 0 equal to ! cr$ulity ( ! ,g]mans2 & billets ( salvation1 or indulg5ces pr(ess+ to remit ! puni%m5ts due to s9s1 ev5 be=e ! commission ( ! contemplat$ crime1 7 sold by ?\s&s among ! ,g]man peasantry4 ,& !n he goes on to tell u t ,lu!r bitt]ly inveigh$ aga9/ ! traffic 9 indulg5ces1 & t he 0 a man ( high reputation = sanctity & le>n+4 ,"h ! au?or is s anxi\s to falsify ! ,ca?olic doctr9e ( indulg5ce1 & to black5 ! "* ( ,leo ,x41 t he goes s f> z to sl&] & misrepres5t ev5 8 idol1 ,m>t9 ,lu!r4 ,= ,lu!r did n inveigh aga9/ ! pope = ! sale ( indulg5ces1 or ev] say t an indulg5ce 0 a p>don = s9 pa/1 pres5t1 or to come4 ,x 0 left = 8 foll[]s to co9 ?is falsehood1 & x is a sl&] on ,lu!r to accuse him ( ! fabrication4 ,he has en\gh to acc\nt = )\t *>g+ him ) :at he is n guilty (2 & he knew & taught :ile a ,ca?olic prie/ t an indulg5ce does n p>don s91 & t a p]son 9 mortal s9 _c ga9 an indulg5ce4 ,we may return to ,willson's ,hi/ories aga91 = he has writt5 o!rs besides ! "o ref]r$ to1 & all 9 ! same /ra92 b we tru/ we h said en\gh to draw ! att5tion ( our read]s to ! "* ( ! "w1 & we hope t nei!r ! solicitations ( ag5ts1 nor ! high-s\nd+ recomm5dations ( int]e/$ p>ties 9 its favor1 w prev5t !m f oppos+ its introduction into our s*ools1 public & private1 & prev5t+ its introduction :5ev] !y c4 ,c\nt de ,mai/re has te/ifi$ t hi/ory1 = ! la/ ?ree hundr$ ye>s1 is a gr& conspiracy aga9/ tru?2 & al?\gh ! ,willsons & _! tribe are /ill num]\s1 active1 & p[]ful1 ! progress ( ! age w>ns !m t !y _c delude ! public4 ----- #a4 ,! ,complete ,poetical ,works ,( ,rob]t ,burns1 ) ,explanatory ,notes1 & a life ( ! au?or4 ,by ,james ,currie1 ,m4,d4 #b4 ,! ,poetical ,works ,( ,john ,milton4 ,to :i* is prefix$ a ,biography ( ! au?or1 by 8 nephew1 ,edw>d ,phillips4 #c4 ,! ,mona/]y ,& ,he>t ,( ,mid-,lo?ian4 ,by ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 ,b>t4 ,pap]4 #d4 ,mr4 ,mid%ipman ,easy4 ,by ,capta9 ,m>ryatt4 ,pap]4 #e4 ,! ,life ,& ,adv5tures ,( ,ni*olas ,nickleby1 ,m>t9 ,*uzzlewit ,& ,am]ican ,notes4 ,by ,*>les ,dick5s4 ,new ,york3 ,d4 ,appleton ,co4 #ahfh4 ,we give above ! titles ( six diff]5t works1 by well-kn[n au?ors1 new editions ( ^: writ+s are n[ be+ repr9t$1 9 a *eap & popul> =m1 by ! ,messrs4 ,appleton4 ,z long z ! majority ( p w read little else ?an fiction1 we are glad to see ! ,messrs4 ,appleton give !m su* works z ,walt] ,scott's & ,*>les ,dick5s's1 = ! trifle ( tw5ty-five c5ts a volume4 ,!y are c]ta9ly rem>kably *eap1 & if ?is w h ! effect1 ev5 9 a slight degree1 to make ! y\? ( ! c\ntry turn f ! sickly tra% ( newspap] /ories1 & read ^! in/ead1 ! ,messrs4 ,appleton w h done good = ! ris+ g5]ation4 ,if we are to h *eap lit]ature spread broadca/ ov] ! l&1 x is bett] to h su* works z ^? ( ,scott1 ,dick5s1 etc41 ?an ! dime novel & ! weekly-pap] /uff n[ s widely preval5t4 ----- #adc ,mod]n ,wom5 ,& ,:at ,is ,said ,( ,!m4 ,a repr9t ( a s]ies ( articles 9 ! ,saturday ,review4 ,) an introduction by ,mrs4 ,lucia ,gilb]t ,calh\n4 ,new ,york3 ,j4 ,s4 ,r$field4 ,pp4 #cga4 #ahfh4 ,?is volume conta9s ?irty-sev5 articles on mod]n woman 9 h] v>i\s phases4 ,t !y are1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 ably writt51 x is ne$less to ass]t2 & z ! majority ( !m h be5 ext5sively copi$ on ?is side ( ! ,atlantic1 x may be equally unnecess>y to /ate t1 z reg>ds ! subject "u discussion1 !y are g5]ally d5unciatory4 ,h5ce we are at a loss to und]/& :at c\ld induce "o ( ! sex attack$ to take ^u h]self ! ungraci\s task ( a compil]1 ev5 ) ! opportunity ( self-v9dication af=d$ by ! introduction4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 ?is advocate ( woman's rights acts on ! pr9ciple t ev5 kicks & cuffs are bett] ?an be+ entirely ignor$4 ----- ,alton ,p>k2 ,or1 ,conv]sations ,on ,religi\s ,& ,moral ,subjects4 ,*iefly design$ = ! amusem5t & in/ruction ( "y ladies4 ,new edition4 ,philadelphia3 ,eug5e ,cummiskey4 ,pp4 #djh4 ,alton ,p>k is s well & favorably kn[n to ,ca?olics1 t praise at our h&s & at ?is late day is sup]]ogatory4 ,we mu/1 h[ev]1 complim5t ! publi%] = ! v h&some /yle 9 :i* he has br\ght out ?is volume4 ----- ,a ,pys*e ,( ,to-day4 ,by ,mrs4 ,c4 ,j5k91 au?or ( ,:o breaks pays1 ,skirmi%+1 ,once & ,aga91 ,c\s9 ,/ella4 ,new ,york3 ,leypoldt ,holt4 ,pp4 #bhj4 #ahfh4 ,?is tale repres5ts to u c]ta9 aspects ( ,p>isian life1 :i* are int]e/+1 n z always excit+ pleasurable emotions1 b z be+ evid5tly drawn f life4 ,! /ory is told 9 a pleas+1 unaffect$ mann]1 & ! ma9 incid5ts are only too probable4 ----- ,logic ,= ,"y ,ladies4 ,translat$ f ! ,fr5* ( ,victor ,d\blet1 ,pr(essor ( ,belles-,lettres4 ,new ,york3 ,p4 ,o',%ea4 ,pp4 #adh4 #ahfh4 ,an excell5t text-book2 cle>1 simple1 compreh5sive4 ,we w\ld sugge/1 h[ev]1 9 ord] t its sph]e ( usefulness may n be ev5 app>5tly circumscrib$1 t ! title = ! next edition read1 n ,logic = ,"y ,ladies1 b ,logic = ! ,"y4 ----- ,academic ,edition4 ,a ,diction>y ,( ,! ,engli% ,language1 explanatory1 pron\nc+1 etymological & synonym\s4 ,) an app5dix1 conta9+ v>i\s useful tables4 ,ma9ly abridg$ f ! late/ edition ( ! qu>to diction>y ( ,noah ,web/]1 ,,ll4,d4 ,by ,william ,g4 ,web/] & ,william ,a4 ,:eel]4 ,illu/rat$ ) m ?an ?ree hundr$ & fifty engrav+s on wood4 ,pp4 xxxii4 #efj4 #ahfh4 ,a ,high-s*ool ,diction>y ,( ,! ,engli% ,language1 explanatory1 pron\nc+1 & synonym\s4 ,) an app5dix conta9+ v>i\s useful tables4 ,ma9ly abridg$ f ! late/ edition ( ! qu>to diction>y ( ,noah ,web/]1 ,,ll4,d4 ,by ,william ,g4 ,web/] & ,william ,a4 ,:eel]4 ,illu/rat$ ) m ?an ?ree hundr$ engrav+s on wood4 ,pp4 xxiv4 #dae4 #ahfh4 #add ,a ,common-s*ool ,diction>y ,( ,! ,engli% ,language1 explanatory1 pron\nc+1 & synonym\s4 ,) an app5dix conta9+ v>i\s useful tables4 ,ma9ly abridg$ f ! late/ edition ( ! ,am]ican diction>y ( ,noah ,web/]1 ,,ll4,d41 by ,william ,g4 ,web/] & ,william ,a4 ,:eel]4 ,illu/rat$ ) ne>ly #bej engrav+s on wood4 ,pp4 xix4 #djj4 #ahfh4 ,a ,prim>y-s*ool ,diction>y ,( ,! ,engli% ,language1 explanatory1 pron\nc+1 & synonym\s4 ,) an app5dix conta9+ v>i\s useful tables4 ,ma9ly abridg$ f ! late/ edition ( ! ,am]ican diction>y ( ,noah ,web/]1 ,,ll4,d41 by ,william ,g4 ,web/] & ,william ,a4 ,:eel]4 ,illu/rat$ ) m ?an #bjj engrav+s on wood4 ,pp4 xii4 #ceb4 #ahfh4 ,a ,pocket ,diction>y ,( ,! ,engli% ,language2 abridg$ f ! ,am]ican diction>y ( ,noah ,web/]1 ,,ll4,d4 ,prefix$ is a collection ( words1 phrases1 mottoes1 etc41 9 ,lat9 & ,fr5*1 ) translations 9 ,engli%4 ,william ,g4 ,web/]1 editor4 ,pp4 iv4 #bdi4 #ahfh4 ,! ,army ,& ,navy ,pocket ,diction>y4 ,by ,william ,g4 ,web/]4 ,pp4 iv4 #cai4 #ahfh4 ,! peculi> claims ( ^! books to pr(essional & popul> patronage are s fully set =? 9 ! titles prefix$1 t x only rema9s = u to say t we he>tily recomm5d !m to tea*]s & o!rs1 z among ! be/ diction>ies ( _! class n[ be=e ! public4 ,!y are publi%$ by ,ivison1 ,ph9ney1 ,blakeman ,co41 ,new ,york4 ----- ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society has 9 press ,! ,holy ,communion3 its ,philosophy1 ,!ology1 & ,practice4 ,by ,john ,b]n>d ,dalgairns1 ,prie/ ( ! ,oratory ( ,/4 ,philip ,n]i4 ,a new edition ( ! ,illu/rat$ ,hi/ory ( ,irel&1 by a memb] ( ! ,poor ,cl>es1 ,k5m>e1 ,irel&1 & sold = ! b5efit ( t community4 ,?is edition w h additional engrav+s1 & ov] #ajj pages m matt] ?an ! fir/ edition4 ,x w also conta9 a *apt] on ! ,iri% 9 ,am]ica4 ,! "w w be ready ab\t ,octob] #ae?4 ,canvass]s are want$ to sell x 9 ! c\ntry4 ----- ,books ,receiv$4 ,f ,,! ,,ca?olic ,,publication ,,society1 ,new ,york3 ,symbolism4 ,by ,john ,adam ,moehl]1 ,d4,d4 #a vol4 cr[n #hvo1 pp4 #ejd4 ,price1 #d4 ,! ,illu/rat$ ,ca?olic ,sunday-,s*ool ,libr>y ,second s]ies4 #ab vols4 9 box1 #f p] box4 ,f ,,patrick ,,donahoe1 ,bo/on3 ,! works ( ,rev4 ,ar?ur ,o',le>y1 ,o4,s4,f4 ,edit$ by a ,cl]gyman ( ,massa*usetts1 #a vol4 #hvo1 pp4 #eif4 ,price1 #b4 -------------------- #ade ,! ,ca?olic ,_w ,vol4 ,,viii41 ,no4 #dd--,novemb]1 #ahfh4 ---------- ,! ,*ur* ( ,! ,future4 ,! phrase :i* =ms ! title to ?is article does n orig9ate ) u4 ,we f9d x float+ 9 ! columns ( v>i\s rec5t p]iodicals4 ,our att5tion is especially direct$ to x1 z ! expression ( a def9ite idea1 9 a late numb] ( ! ,galaxy1 & by an editorial 9 ! ,*ur*man = ! #be? ( ,july ( ! pres5t ye>4 ,f ^! we ga!r t1 9 ! op9ion ( c]ta9 mod]n prophets1 "s "o ( ! exi/+ ,prote/ant d5om9ations is de/9$ to a*ieve pre-em95ce ov] all ! re/1 &1 ga!r+ into its s+le fold ! population ( ,am]ica1 become ! ,*ur* ( ! ,future 9 our l&4 ,! au?or ( ! article 9 ! ,galaxy writes 9 ! int]e/ ( ,me?odism4 ,9 its pa/ successes & its pres5t *>act]i/ics he beholds an om5 ( its ultimate supremacy ov] all o!r ,*ri/ian bodies1 if n ov] infidelity & rationalism itself4 ,! ,*ur*man1 on ! contr>y1 claims ! laurels ( ?is future victory = ,prote/ant ,episcopalianism--pr$ict+ t1 ?r\gh its inconsi/5cy ) republican in/itutions1 ! influ5ce ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* mu/ ev5tually be de/roy$2 t ,presbyt]ianism1 be+ a gr[? ( b ?ree hundr$ ye>s1 & nev] yet atta9+1 or likely to atta9 to1 ! semp]1 et ubique1 et ab omnibus ( mature & /alw>t age1 mu/ soon decay2 t ,me?odism1 hav+ lo/ its pure vitality :5 x dep>t$ f ! sacr$ unity ( ,"m ,*ur* c nev] meet ! ne$s ( com+ g5]ations2 he !nce concludes1 t ! dim9utive society once call$ ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal b n[ rejoic+ 9 ! title ( ! ,re=m$ ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 is to absorb into its bosom ! teem+ millions ( ?is c\ntry1 & become ! guide & tea*] ( ! ,we/]n cont95t4 #adf ,! expections ( ^! dream]s are well calculat$ to provoke a smile4 ,:ile ! great fact rema9s uncontradict$ t ! unit$ /r5g? ( ,prote/ant ,*ri/5dom has fail$ to *eck ! spread ( irreligion 9 ! bosom ( mod]n society1 :ile ne>ly e "o ( its d5om9ations is /ruggl+ to ma9ta9 its pres5t spiritual p[]s1 x seems a "t = humiliation r ?an = boa/+1 = pray] & labor r ?an = triumph4 ,f> be x f u to disc\rage ,*ri/ian hope1 or snat* away f ,*ri/ian zeal ! vision ( ^? future glories to :i* x %\ld aspire4 ,b ! impression is /rong ^u our m9d t su* ca/les 9 ! air z ^? to :i* we h ref]r$1 imply worse ?an "t wa/$ 9 _! build+1 & manife/ an increase ( t indol5t consci\sness ( /r5g? :i*1 9 communities z well z individuals1 is ! =]unn] ( a swift decay4 ,) ?is rem>k1 we leave ! ?\ghts sugge/$ by ! advocate ( ,me?odism1 & pass on to discuss ! "q rais$ by ! assumptions ( ! ,*ur*man1 namely3 ,:e!r ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* is de/9$ to atta9 pre-em95ce ov] ! o!r sects ( ,*ri/5dom 9 ?is c\ntry1 & become ! *ur* ( ! future p ( ,am]ica8 ,?is "q is susceptible bo? ( a div9e & human answ]4 ,x may be said t ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* is ! true ,*ur* ( ,god1 & !re=e t its ultimate supremacy1 n only "h b ev]y:]e1 is c]ta94 ,x may be also said t1 z its int]nal /ructure & ext]nal op]ations are su* z w adapt x to control & h>monize ! elem5ts ( :i* ,am]ican society is n[ & w h]eaft] be compos$1 s is x likely to atta9 ! relative position :i* its advocates ) s mu* assurance claim1 & to we> ! cr[n :i* already glitt]s 9 _! dazzl$ eyes4 ,toge!r ^! two answ]s /& or fall2 =1 if ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* be ! true *ur* ( ,god1 !n mu/ x1 ex necessitate rei1 be adapt$ to control & h>monize1 n only ! society ( ?is age & c\ntry1 b ! societies ( e o!r age & clime2 &1 vice v]sa1 if x be adapt$ to control & unify ! fai?1 &1 ?r\gh ! fai?1 ! acts & lives ( m51 !n mu/ x also1 ex necessitate rei1 be ! *ur* ( ,god4 ,! writ] ( ! ,*ur*man appe>s to u to h *os5 ! =m] me?od ( reply4 ,he says3 ,our own *ur* is to be ! *ur* ( ! future 9 our c\ntry4 ,x is a *ur* ( apo/olic con/itution & d]ivation1 ) a pure1 uncorrupt$ fai?1 ) a duly au?oriz$ m9i/ry1 ) ! ^w & sacram5ts ( ! gospel1 &1 ) & ?r\gh ^!1 ! disp5sation ( ! sup]natural grace ( ,god1 )\t :i* ev]y?+ else w\ld be b ineffectual words & =ms4 ,:atev] may be alleg$ ( o!rs1 x _c be d5i$ t all ?is is true ( our *ur*4 ,we d n f9d x to be true1 9 all p>ticul>s1 ( any *ur* 9 ! l& b ours4 ,! two syllogisms ( :i* ?is allegation =ms a "p1 seem to be logically complete z foll[s3 7#a47 ,! true *ur* ( ,god w be ! *ur* ( ! future 9 our c\ntry4 ,! *ur*1 :i* is alone ( apo/olic con/itution & d]ivation1 ) a pure & uncorrupt$ fai?1 a duly au?oriz$ m9i/ry1 ! ^w & sacram5ts ( ! gospel1 &1 ) & ?r\gh ^!1 ! disp5sation ( ! sup]natural grace ( ,god1 is ! true *ur* ( ,god4 ,ergo1 ,! *ur*1 :i* is alone ( apo/olic con/itution & d]ivation1 ) a pure & uncorrupt$ fai?1 a duly au?oriz$ m9i/ry1 ! ^w & sacram5ts ( ! gospel1 &1 ) & ?r\gh ^!1 ! disp5sation ( ! sup]natural grace ( ,god1 w be ! *ur* ( ! future 9 our c\ntry4 #adg 7#b47 ,! *ur*1 :i* is alone ( apo/olic con/itution & d]ivation1 ) a pure & uncorrupt$ fai?1 a duly au?oriz$ m9i/ry1 ! ^w & sacram5ts ( ! gospel1 &1 ) & ?r\gh ^!1 ! disp5sation ( ! sup]natural grace ( ,god1 w be ! *ur* ( ! future 9 our c\ntry4 ,! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* is alone ( apo/olic con/itution & d]ivation1 ) a pure & uncorrupt$ fai?1 a duly au?oriz$ m9i/ry1 ! ^w & sacram5ts ( ! gospel1 &1 ) & ?r\gh ^!1 ! disp5sation ( ! sup]natural grace ( ,god4 ,ergo1 ,! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* w be ! *ur* ( ! future 9 our c\ntry4 ,) bo? ! premises & ! conclusion ( ! =m] syllogism we presume t ne>ly e ,*ri/ian1 ,ca?olic or ,prote/ant1 w he>tily agree4 ,b we believe ! conclusion ( ! second to be errone\s1 & its fallacy we f9d 9 :at we conceive to be ! utt] falsehood ( its m9or premiss1 z a simple matt] ( fact4 ,we "k t ! writ] says3 ,:atev] may be alleg$ ( o!rs1 x _c be d5i$ t all ?is is true ( our *ur*4 ,b1 :e!r x c or _c1 x mo/ c]ta9ly is d5i$4 ,we "h d5y x4 ,we d5y ! apo/olic con/itution & d]ivation ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,we d5y t %e holds a pure1 uncorrupt$ fai?4 ,we d5y t %e has a duly au?oriz$ m9i/ry4 ,we d5y t %e possesses ! ^w & sacram5ts ( ! gospel4 ,we d5y t ?r\gh t m9i/ry1 t fai?1 t ^w1 ^? sacram5ts1 ,footnote #bg %e reta9s ! disp5sation ( ! sup]natural grace ( ,god4 ,&1 9 support ( our d5ial1 we po9t to ,holy ,scripture1 to ! unanim\s tradition ( ! fa!rs1 to ! va/ treasures ( hi/orical & !ological le>n+ :i* h accumulat$ 9 ! pa/ eighte5 hundr$ ye>s1 & to ! unit$ voice ( ! holy ,ca?olic ,*ur* ?r\gh\t ! entire _w4 ,footnote #bg3 ,except baptism4 ,nor only we4 ,9 our own c\ntry ^! bold ass]tions1 & ! extravagant pret5sions :i* are bas$ ^u !m1 are also con/antly d5i$4 ,two million ,me?odi/s d5y !m4 ,"o million six hundr$ & n9ety ?\s& ,bapti/s d5y !m4 ,sev5 hundr$ ?\s& ,presbyt]ians d5y !m4 ,six hundr$ ?\s& ,univ]sali/s d5y !m4 ,?ree hundr$ & tw5ty-?ree ?\s& eight hundr$ ,lu!rans d5y !m4 ,two hundr$ & sixty-sev5 ?\s& f\r hundr$ ,congregationali/s d5y !m4 ,( ! "o hundr$ & sixty-"o ?\s& two hundr$ ,episcopalians1 h[ _m d>e ma9ta9 !m8 ,h[ _m are at op5 w>f>e ) t p>ty1 )9 _! communion1 f :om ^! ra% & gr\ndless allegations come8 ,among ! extreme/ ( ,re=m$ ,ca?olics h[ _m actually believe t ! ecclesia/ical organization to :i* !y prote/+ly belong1 is1 9 tru?1 t glori\s fabric :i* our ,"l built ^u ! ,rock1 ,/4 ,pet]1 & to :i* he communicat$ ! infallibility ( 8 p]petual pres5ce8 ,ev5 ! subtle ,*ur*man w h>dly v5ture to affirm di/9ctly 8 belief ( su* an extravagant proposition1 b w mo/ likely take refuge 9 ! decl>ation t 8 is a re=m$ bran* ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 a decl>ation t de/roys ! value ( 8 :ole argum5t1 unless he also demon/rates ! impossibility1 to o!r bran*es1 ( ! re=mation :i* has sprung f )9 8 own4 #adh ,to argue t ! ,episcopal ,*ur* alone possesses ^? *>act]i/ics :i* indicate ! true *ur* ( ,god1 & t1 z su*1 %e mu/ ev5tually pr$om9ate ov] all ! re/1 is ?us z useless z x is unwise4 ,x op5s up a s]ies ( disputes :i* no g5]ation w\ld be long en\gh to exhau/1 & no ackn[l$g$ au?ority be suffici5t to det]m9e4 ,x creates 9 advance an adv]s>y 9 e ,*ri/ian outside h] exclusive pale1 & puts him on 8 gu>d aga9/ ! c\rtesy & solicitude ) :i* %e seeks to w9 8 p]sonal devotion4 ,x ?ru/s into ! face ( ! inquir] a proposition ^: absurdity annoys him1 ^: positiv5ess disc\rages him1 ^: arrogance repels him4 ,if our ,episcopal bre?r5 wi% to realize ! dreams ( _! mod]n se]1 !y mu/ ab&on ?is species ( argum5t & betake !mselves to ! adaptation ( _! *ur* to meet1 m fully1 ! wants & necessities :i* surr\nd !m ^u e side4 ,9 _! ability or inability to d ?is resides ! human answ] to ! "q ^: discussion we pursue4 ,! syllogism 9 :i* ?is answ] is embodi$ may be ?us con/ruct$3 ,! *ur* :i* is be/ adapt$1 by int]nal /ructure & ext]nal op]ations1 to control & h>monize ,am]ican society1 w be ! *ur* ( ! future 9 our c\ntry4 ,! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* is be/ adapt$1 by int]nal /ructure & ext]nal op]ations1 to control & h>monize ,am]ican society4 ,ergo1 ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* w be ! *ur* ( ! future 9 our c\ntry4 ,! major premise ( ?is syllogism is evid5tly s\nd4 ,if ! m9or is reliable 9 fact z well z =m1 ! conclusion is unmi/akable4 ,our inquiry is ?us r$uc$ to ?is3 ,:e!r ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* is be/ adapt$1 by its int]nal /ructure & ext]nal op]ations1 to control & h>monize ,am]ican society8 ,! answ] to ?is inquiry w unfold our own view ( ! matt] n[ 9 issue1 & w1 we tru/1 set =? "s ( ! pr9cipal crit]ia by :i* ! *ur* ( ! future may1 at ?is day1 be humanly disc]n$4 #a4 ,! *ur* ( ! future is a *ur* ( ! p4 ,! ,am]ican nation is n[1 & always mu/ rema91 9 ! /ricte/ s5se1 a p4_/i ,! ord] ( our political & civil in/itutions1 ! va/ area ( our t]ritory & ! unlimit$ susceptibility ( its developm5t1 ! a*ievem5ts ( art & me*anism by :i* alone t developm5t c be secur$1 all necessitate1 9 ! future1 z 9 ! pres5t1 a nation ( work+-m51 homog5e\s 9 pr9ciples1 9 intellig5ce1 & 9 toil4 ,classes ( society1 except s f> z bas$ ^u ! accid5ts ( p]sonal fri5d%ip1 cultivation1 or locality1 are practically n[1 & mu/ h]eaft] become m & m1 unkn[n4 ,! di/9ctions by :i* its divisions 9 ! ,old ,_w 7 creat$ & ma9ta9$1 lo/ ! la/ hold ^u ,am]ica :5 slav]y w5t d[n 9 ! fi]ce tempe/ ( ! rec5t w>4 ,! pr\d pr]ogatives ( race & bir? are h5ce=? )\t value4 ,e man mu/ receive himself f ! h&s ( 8 ,creator j z t ,creator made him1 & c>ve out = himself a de/9y1 limit$ only by 8 individual ambition1 & by 8 fidelity to ! end = :i* 8 life & indep5d5ce 7 be/[$ ^u him4 ,unfavorable z su* a /ate ( ?+s may be = ! extreme cultivation ( ! few1 t ! great masses ga9 immeasurably by x1 is und5iable4 ,a race ( f>m]s1 ( me*anics1 ( tradesm51 ( labor]s1 c nev] be illit]ate1 immoral1 or impov]i%$4 #adi ,a race ^: future embraces ! population & political direction ( a cont95t1 into ^: ve9s ! *oice/ blood ( ! ea/]n hemisph]e p\rs itself ) an exhau/less tide1 ^: wisdom is ! exp]i5ce ( six ?\s& ye>s1 & ^: labors already te/ify to ! vigor ( its ripe & lu/y manhood1 mu/ be a p 9 ^: ranks ea* individual c\nts "o1 & by ! ov]:elm+ pressure ( ^: progress ignorance & paup]ism mu/ ev5tually disappe>4 ,! *ur* :i* ga!rs ?is gr& race ( ! future into h] bosom1 & holds !m by h] spiritual h&1 mu/1 !re=e1 be a *ur* adapt$ to ! wants1 ! sympa?ies1 ! ta/es ( work+-m54 ,its cre$ mu/ be )9 ! scope ( _! intellig5ce4 ,its wor%ip mu/ give =m to _! devotion4 ,its tea*+ mu/ be simple1 e>ne/1 he>ty1 l !mselves4 ,its pa/oral c>e mu/ be at once famili>1 con/ant1 & enc\rag+4 ,j :at ! s-call$ masses ne$ to-day1 9 fai?1 9 c]emony1 9 ! pulpit1 9 ! prie/1 w ! :ole nation seek = 9 ^? ye>s ( com+ labor4 ,j t int]nal /ructure & ext]nal op]ation :i* n[ mo/ fully & mo/ readily supplies t ne$1 w *>act]ize t *ur* :i* !n absorbs ! re/ & guides & gov]ns ?is great p 9 all heav5ly ?+s4 ,& if1 ( all ! cla%+ sects ( ,prote/antism1 !re is "o :i* is de/9$ to occupy ?is exalt$ /ation1 x is t "o :i* is to-day ! *ur* ( ! p1 & ^: trophies1 won 9 w>f>e ) ! toil+ multitudes ( pa/ & pres5t g5]ations1 are ! sure om5s ( complete & f9al victory4 ,judg$ by ?is /&>d1 :at prospect has ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* ( becom+ ! *ur* ( ! future 9 our c\ntry8 ,?is "q m]its a mo/ s]i\s & ?or\gh answ]2 n m]ely z a speculative problem1 b z a matt] em95tly practical1 af=d+ a fair te/ ( h] div9e commission1 & ( ! quality ( ! spiritual workman%ip :i* %e p]=ms4 ,= ?is reason1 we attempt to pass ^u h] no v]dict ( our own1 b1 turn+ to h] be/ au?orities1 ga!r f !m ! data ( h] progress1 & ! measure ( h] *ur*ly capabilities4 ,! fir/ few ye>s ( ?is half-c5tury 7 a season ( unusual prosp]ity to ! ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,f #ahej to #ahef ! num]ical increase ( h] memb]%ip f> exce$$ t ( any =m] p]iod4 ,! ranks ( h] cl]gy ga9$ l>gely 9 ext5t & influ5ce4 ,a _s ( unprec$5t$ activity seem$ ar\s$ )9 h]2 &1 above all1 0 manife/$ a disposition to rally r\nd h]self ! o!r ,prote/ant d5om9ations1 & unite !m ) h] into "o ecclesia/ical body4 ,?is disposition met ) mu* enc\ragem5t f ^? outside h] fold4 ,_m :o nev] yet _h call$ !mselves by any di/9ctive ,*ri/ian "n 7 attract$1 by h] dignity & ord]1 to reg>d h] z ! mo/ desirable ( ,prote/ant societies4 ,em95t diss5t]s look$ to h] = ! solution ( t entanglem5t ( s*ism 9 :i* _! v>i\s b>ks 7 already well-nigh ov]:elm$4 ,l>ge *>ity on bo? sides1 & a full meet+ ( ! issue ^u h] "p1 alone seem$ necess>y = ! consummation ( t union = :i* di/ract$ ,*ri/5dom _h s long ye>n$ & pray$4 #aej ,x 0 h] gold5 opportunity4 ,! iron 0 hot = ! hamm]4 ,! :eat 0 ripe = ! h>ve/4 ,! pr(\nd peace1 :i* re/$ on ! entire c\ntry1 gave leisure = s$ate & k9dly inquiry4 ,! _s ( organic life 0 k9dl+ ov] all ! l&1 & m5 7 draw+ into clos] bro!rhood1 & prejudices wan$ & lo/ _! p[]4 ,x ne$$ b a /rong w & skilful h& to sweep away ! few rema9+ ob/acles1 & ! triumph ( ,episcopacy 9 ?is c\ntry might h be5 secur$4 ,p]haps ! mo/ />tl+ ( ! ev5ts :i* m>k$ ?is important p]iod1 & c]ta9ly ! "o :i* mo/ cle>ly manife/$ its awak5+ vitality1 0 ! pres5tation ( a ,memorial to ! ,g5]al ,conv5tion ( #ahec4 ,!re9 0 sugge/$ ! important "q1 :e!r ! po/ure ( our *ur* ) ref]5ce to ! great moral & social necessities ( ! day 0 all t c\ld be desir$ or expect$1 & :e!r h] usefulness might n1 by specifi$ means1 be greatly enl>g$4,footnote #bh ,footnote #bh3 ,j\rnal ( #ahec1 p4 #aha1 et seq4 ,! conv5tion ref]r$ ! subject to a commission ( bi%ops1 :i* met six times dur+ ! int]val betwe5 ! date ( its appo9tm5t & ! conv5tion ( #ahef4 ,at its fir/ meet+ ?is commission publi%$ a ,circul>1 prop\nd+ c]ta9 que/ions1 & reque/+ answ]s to !m1 f any p]sons int]e/$ 9 ! subject into ^: h&s ! circul>s might fall4 ,a l>ge numb] ( communications 7 receiv$ 9 reply1 bo? f ,episcopal & non-,episcopal div9es1 mo/ ( :i* unit$ 9 admitt+ ! necessity = "s decisive *ange1 & 9 recomm5d+ ! improvem5ts sugge/$ 9 ! ,memorial itself4 ,at ! g5]al conv5tion ( #ahef1 ! commission made _! report1 w>n+ ! *ur* ( ! great popul> de/itution :i* surr\nd$ h]1 & advis+ ! adoption ( extempor>y prea*+1 ! curtailm5t ( ! liturgical s]vices1 ! employm5t ( lay work]s1 ! association ( unm>ri$ wom5 into si/]hoods1 ! bett] tra9+ ( h] m9i/ry1 & ! ?or\gh ,*ri/ian cultivation ( ! "y1 z ! pr9cipal means by :i* h] ability to meet ^! necessities might be ext5d$4 ,footnote #bi ,footnote #bi3 ,j\rnal ( #ahef1 p4 #cci4 #a #a tut4 p4 #bjd4 ,! h\se ( bi%ops !re=e pass$ a s]ies ( resolutions1 express+ _! op9ion t c]ta9 v>iations might be lawfully made 9 public wor%ip1 & appo9t+ a ,commission on ,*ur* ,unity to conf] ) o!r *ur*es z occasion might require4 ,footnote #cj ,footnote #cj3 ,ibid4 p #bjd4 ,b no legislation foll[$4 ,no practical recognition ( ! em]g5cies 9 :i* ! nation lay1 or ( h] urg5t duty to meet ! wants :i* cri$ s l\dly = h] int]f]5ce1 m>k$ ! proce$+s ( ?is *ief c\ncil ( ! *ur*4 ,n "o ( ! important measures :i* ! ,memorial sugge/$1 :i* _m lead]s ( ! *ur* recomm5d$1 & :i* ! ,episcopal commission _h itself advis$1 receiv$ ! sanction ( h] legislative w4 ,on ! contr>y1 at ! next session ( ! conv5tion1 9 #ahei1 a /rong & det]m9$ ef=t 0 made1 by ! h\se ( cl]ical & lay deputies1 to move ! h\se ( bi%ops to resc9d _! resolutions1 & p]mit ! repres5tative bran* ( ! conv5tion to take "p 9 ! discussion ( ! subject & 9 det]m9+ :at /eps %\ld be adopt$4 ,?is ! bi%ops refus$1 ,footnote #ca & !re ! matt] re/$ & /ill re/s a solit>y report ( ! ,commission on ,*ur* ,unity t !y h done no?+ ,footnote #cb alone m>k+ ! spot :]e ! va/ hopes & aspirations ( ! ,memoriali/s exhal$ & disappe>$4 ,footnote #ca3 ,j\rnal ( #ahei1 pp4 #ee1 #gb1 #ajj1 #adc4 ,footnote #cb3 ,ibid4 p4 #chb4 #aea ,& ?us ! gold5 opportunity ( ,prote/ant ,episcopalianism pass$ by4 ,! t]rible ev5ts :i* foll[$ 9 ! next six ye>s1 put f> away t quiet calm 9 :i* religi\s diff]5ces gr[ dim1 & love = ,god & man ov]comes human pride4 ,?r\gh h] own bisection into ,conf$]ate & ,f$]al h] unify+ influ5ce has su/a9$ a %ock f :i* x w n1 = long ye>s1 recov]4 ,! evangelical *ur*es h1 at once1 lo/ confid5ce 9 h] disposition to meet !m ) a fair & op5 compromise1 & 9 h] sep>ate ability to d ! "w :i*1 9 ! provid5ce ( ,god1 is plac$ be=e h]2 :ile h] int]nal difficulties h augm5t$ ye> by ye>1 & r5d]$ less & less likely ! revival ( t _s :i* promis$ su* a*ievem5ts only fifte5 ye>s ago4 ,h] gold5 opportunity pass$ by4 ,b t h\r ( trial1 9 ! great crucible ( national em]g5cies1 c nev] be =gott51 ei!r by h] fri5ds or foes1 & bo? w look to x = ! disclosure ( h] real abilities1 & = ! revelation ( h] "*1 z human or div9e4 ,! ,memorial1 ! report ( ! commission1 & _m ( ! communications :i* 7 receiv$ 9 answ] to ! ,circul>1 7 collect$ into "o volume1 & publi%$ by ! ,rt4 ,rev4 ,bi%op ,pott]1 ( ,p5nsylvania1 9 #aheg4 ,= "s reason1 7:i* we nev] c\ld expla917 ! publication ( ?is volume 0 soon aft]w>d susp5d$1 & su* portions ( t edition z c\ld be rea*$ 7 call$ 9 & de/roy$4 ,! la/ monum5ts ( ! great upris+ 7 ?us levell$ ) ! du/2 &1 to-day1 except = ! few copies ( ,memorial ,pap]s :i* escap$ de/ruction1 & ! scatt]$ records ( ,conv5tion ,j\rnals1 reliable /ati/ics ( t ev5tful p]iod are almo/ unatta9able4 ,=tunately1 h[ev]1 we h ^! au?orities at h&1 & ?us are able to try ! ,episcopal ,*ur* by h] own evid5ce1 & re/ ! tru? or falsehood ( h] claims to be ! *ur* ( ! p on h] own solemn & well-weigh$ admissions4 ,fir/1 !n1 9 ! ,memorial itself1 :i* be>s ! date ( ,octob] #ad?1 #ahec1 we f9d ! foll[+ /atem5t3 ,! actual po/ure ( our *ur*1 ) ref]5ce to ! great moral & social necessities ( ! day1 pres5ts to ! m9ds ( ! und]sign$ a subject ( grave & anxi\s ?\ght4 ,did !y suppose t ?is 0 conf9$ to !mselves1 !y w\ld n feel w>rant$ 9 submitt+ x to y\r att5tion2 b !y believe x to be p>ticipat$ 9 by _m ( _! bre?r51 :o may n h se5 ! exp$i5cy ( decl>+ _! views1 or1 at lea/1 a mature season = su* a c\rse4 ,! divid$ & di/ract$ /ate ( our ,am]ican ,prote/ant ,*ri/ianity2 ! new & subtle =ms ( unbelief1 adapt+ !mselves ) fatal success to ! _s ( ! age2 ! consolidat$ =ces ( ,romanism1 be>+ ) r5ew$ skill & activity aga9/ ! ,prote/ant fai?2 &1 z m or less ! consequ5ce ( ^!1 ! utt] ignorance ( ! gospel among s l>ge a portion ( ! l[] classes ( our population1 mak+ a hea!n _w 9 our mid/1 are among ! consid]ations :i* induce y\r memoriali/s to pres5t ! inquiry :e!r ! p]iod has n arriv$ = ! adoption ( measures1 to meet ^! exig5cies ( ! times1 m compreh5sive ?an any yet provid$ = by our pres5t ecclesia/ical sy/em2 9 o!r words1 :e!r ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 ) only h] pres5t canonical means & appliances1 h] fix$ & inv>iable modes ( public wor%ip1 & h] traditional cu/oms & usages1 is compet5t to ! "w ( prea*+ & disp5s+ ! gospel to all sorts & conditions ( m51 & s adequate to d ! "w ( ! ,"l 9 ?is l& & 9 ?is age8 ,?is "q1 y\r petition]s1 = _! own "p1 & 9 consonance ) _m ?\ghtful m9ds among u1 believe ,,mu/ ,,be ,,answ]$ ,,9 ,,! ,,negative4 ,footnote #cc ,footnote #cc3 ,memorial ,pap]s1 p4 #bg1 et seq4 #aeb ,! und]sign$1 :o pass$ ?is sev]e & se>*+ criticism ^u ! practical effici5cy ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 7 su* m5 z ,dr4 ,muhl5b]g1 f\nd] & *apla9 ( ,/4 ,luke's ,hospital1 ,new ,york2 ,dr4 ,crus1 libr>ian1 & ,drs4 ,turn] & ,johnson1 pr(essors at ! ,g5]al ,!ological ,sem9>y2 ,drs4 ,b$ell & ,coxe1 bo? s9ce made bi%ops2 ,drs4 ,hob>t & ,higbee1 ( ,old ,tr9ity2 ,drs4 ,francis & ,a4 ,h4 ,v9ton1 two ( ! mo/ em95t ( h] p>o*ial cl]gy2 & ,dr4 ,h>wood1 late pr(essor at ! ,b]keley ,sem9>y ( ,connecticut4 ,c]ta9ly no ,episcopalian1 ei!r ( t day or our own1 c\ld ask = m reliable au?ority4 ,second1 ! report ( ! commission ( ! h\se ( bi%ops1 made to ! conv5tion ( #ahef1 aft] "s prelim9>y /atem5ts1 ?us cont9ues3 ,an exam9ation into ! relative increase ( ! v>i\s bodies ( ,*ri/ians 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates )9 ! la/ ?irty ye>s w exhibit "s />tl+ facts1 :i* may well r\se u to s]i\s consid]ations1 & lead u to ask ourselves ! que/ions1 ',:at h we be5 do+8 & :at %all we d8' ,we h be5 9 ! habit ( look+ m]ely at ! increase ( our m9i/]s & memb]s )9 giv5 p]iods z ! prop] expon5t ( our gr[?1 )\t consid]+ h[ t increase comp>es ) ! rate ( increase 9 ! population at l>ge4 ,mak+ our e/imate 9 ?is way--& x is ! only accurate me?od to asc]ta9 ! ratio ( our gr[? or increase z a *ur*--x w be f\nd t we are by no means keep+ pace ) ! population ( ! c\ntry 9 ! provision we make = _! religi\s in/ruction1 to say no?+ ( our duty to hea!n & =eign l&s2 t we are consequ5tly fall+ v f> bel[ ! measure ( our responsibility1 & t our gr[? 9 ! la/ half c5tury1 :i* has be5 dwelt ^u ) complac5cy1 if n ) a _s ( va+lory1 furni%es matt] ( deep humiliation & %ame1 r ?an ( boa/+4 ,footnote #cd ,footnote #cd3 ,memorial ,pap]s1 p4 #ec1 et seq4 ,& aga93 ,m9i/]s are f\nd1 :o yet d n m9i/]2 rectors :o _c gov]n2 pa/ors :o d n fe$ ! flock2 tea*]s s5d =? !ological essays1 = ! in/ruction ( ! *ur*1 :o might f9d bett] employm5t 9 /udy+ ! ,bible & cate*ism1 :ile ! necess>y means = ma9ta9+ religi\s s]vices too (t5 h to be wrung f ^? :o appe> reluctant to recognize x z a ,*ri/ian obligation to give ( _! ability1 z ,god has prosp]$ !m1 ) lib]ality1 ) *e]fulness1 & ) simplicity4 ,on e side ! compla9t is he>d1 t ! "w ( ! *ur* langui%es1 or is n done4' ,footnote #ce ,footnote #ce3 ,ibid4 p4 #eh4 ,! bi%ops ov] ^: signatures ^! /atem5ts 7 made 7 ,otey ( ,t5nessee1 ,doane ( ,new ,j]sey1 ,pott] ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,burgess ( ,ma9e1 & ,williams ( ,connecticut2 all ( :om1 except ! latt]1 h s9ce clos$ _! e>?ly c>e]1 leav+ beh9d !m reputations = prud5ce1 le>n+1 & e>ne/ness 9 _! (ficial labors :i* are sacr$ 9 ! he>t ( e memb] ( ! *ur* ov] :i* !y rul$4 ,?ird1 9 ! communications s5t to ! commission1 9 answ] to _! ,circul>1 ! same s5tim5t prevails4 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,craik1 ( ,l\isville1 ,ky41 9 speak+ ( ! con/itution ( ! apo/olic *ur*1 rem>ks3 ,ne>ly ! :ole *ur* has sanction$ ! wisdom ( ?is seem+ly apo/olic arrangem5t by imitat+ x4 ,! refusal ( ! *ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to imitate x1 has sanction$ its wisdom 9 ano!r way1 by our comp>ative failure to d ! "w ( ! *ur* 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,footnote #cf ,footnote #cf3 ,ibid4 p4 #bcb4 #aec ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,gregory1 ( ,syracuse1 writes3 ,x is said t ! ,episcopal ,*ur* is ! *ur* ( ! educat$ & ! ri*4 ,?is is s to a consid]able ext5t1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! cities4 ,footnote #cg ,footnote #cg3 ,memorial ,pap]s1 p4 #bej4 ,!n1 speak+ ( c]ta9 rem$ial measures1 he cont9ues3 ,x _c be done1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( feel+--! pride ( social di/9ction is aga9/ x2 & all ! canons & c\ncils 9 ,*ri/5dom _c make a *ur* effici5t 9 :i* ?is feel+ prevails4 ,footnote #ch ,footnote #ch3 ,ibid4 p4 #bea4 ,& aga91 9 conclud+1 he says3 ,! great body ( our p are at ease--satisfi$ to h a valid m9i/ry1 & valid sacram5ts1 & a sob] liturgy1 & a cons]vative ecclesia/ical sy/em4 ,& ! re/ ( ! _w h no evid5ce t we c>e v mu* ab\t !m4 ,footnote #ci ,footnote #ci3 ,ibid4 p4 #bed4 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,h[e1 ( ,philadelphia1 decl>es3 ,hav+ be5 ?r\gh my :ole m9i/ry 7n[ ( m ?an tw5ty-two ye>s cont9uance7 9 a position to obs]ve ! relation ( our *ur* to ! middl+ & l[] classes z !y are f\nd 9 & ar\nd great cities1 ,i _c =be> ! confession t we d n1 by ! au?oriz$ appliances ( ! *ur*1 rea* & int]e/ !m4 ,individuals ( ^! classes1 by ! =ce ( e>ly association1 or a ref9em5t ( ta/e unusual 9 _! sph]e1 d reta9 or acquire a /rong atta*m5t to our wor%ip1 & d]ive unspeakable b5efits f its use4 ,b ! fact is too gl>+ to be d5i$1 t me*anics & labor+ m5 are n 9 any consid]able numb]s reckon$ among our p2 & pa/ors :o w expose ! tru? 9 ?is behalf1 mu/ confess t ( ^? :o are re>$ among u to ^! indu/rial pursuits v _m des]t ! *ur*1 & f9d religi\s associations m acceptable to !m among o!r d5om9ations4 ,?is is too g5]al to be attribut$ to ! unfai?fulness ( m9i/]s4 ,!re mu/ be "s lack 9 ! sy/em ( means "u :i* su* disa/r\s issues occur4 ,footnote #dj ,footnote #dj3 ,ibid4 p4 #bee4 ,^! are b a few out ( ! _m writ]s ^: communications 7 collect$ into ! volume be=e allud$ to1 & ev5 ^? 7 few 9 numb]1 :5 comp>$ ) ^? ^: lett]s 7 omitt$ f lack ( room4 ,( ^!1 ,bi%op ,pott]1 9 8 ,introduction1 says3 ,a l>ge proportion plead = *ange 9 "o or m respects m e>ne/ly ?an mo/ ( ^? ins]t$2 ,footnote #da ,footnote #da3 ,memorial ,pap]s1 p4 ix4 & !n significantly adds3 ,t a _s ( self-depreciation & ( *ange = ! m]e sake ( *ange is n t to :i* z a communion we are mo/ obnoxi\s4 ,footnote #db ,footnote #db3 ,ibid4 p4 ix4 ,f\r?1 at ! same g5]al con be=e :i* ! ,memorial 0 fir/ discuss$1 ano!r docum5t 0 pres5t$1 9 tone & application almo/ exactly simil>1 :i* =ms a valuable corroboration ( ! /atem5ts :i* we h already cit$4 ,?is 0 ! report ( ! ,committee on ! ,dome/ic & ,=eign ,mission>y ,society1 ( :i* ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,/ev5s1 n[ ,bi%op ( ,p5nsylvania1 0 *airman4 ,9 ?is report ! foll[+ occurs3 ,n only h we to deal ) ^! multitudes ( emigrants1 spread+ _! ignorance1 _! irreligion1 & _! sup]/itions ov] ! l&1 b we %\ld also c>efully provide = ano!r & deeply int]e/+ class1 ^? :o come to u f c\ntries & *ur*es hold+ l pr9ciples ( ecclesia/ical polity & ,*ri/ian fai?1 ! sons ( ,sw$51 & ! *ildr5 ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 & ! bre?r5 f ,moravia4 444 ,?\s&s ( emigrants f ^! =eign *ur*es1 :o1 if prop]ly look$ aft]1 w\ld unite !mselves to our *ur*1 are lo/ to u1 & ei!r relapse into infidelity or unite !mselves ) ! sects ar\nd !m1 because we make no ef=t to w9 !m to our bosom4 ,footnote #dc ,footnote #dc3 ,j\rnal ( #ahec1 pp4 #hj1 #ha4 ,! report !n calls att5tion to ! new mission>y fields op5+ 9 ! ,we/1 & says3 #aed ,e o!r evangelical d5om9ation 9 ! l& has gone be=e u 9 ?is matt]1 & ! ,romi% ,*ur* has plant$ bi%ops1 cl]gy1 s*ools1 *ur*es1 conv5ts1 & colleges1 :ile we h be5 debat+ ab\t "o bi%op & two or ?ree m9i/]s4 ,z 9 too _m previ\s in/ances1 our *ur* has be5 too mu* /iff5$ ) dignity to run1 l ! prophet1 be=e ! *>iot ( "s political or comm]cial ,ahab1 b1 l a lagg>d 9 ! race1 treads da9tily & sl[ly 9 o!rs' foot/eps1 & !n1 :5 almo/ too late1 discov]s h] error4 ,footnote #dd ,footnote #dd3 ,j\rnal ( #ahec1 p4 #ha4 ,su* 0 ! delib]ate v]dict ( ! bi%ops & ! lead+ cl]gy ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 conc]n+ h] effici5cy1 dur+ & prior to ! ye> #ahef4 ,su* 0 ! int5sity ( ! conviction :i* =c$ itself ^u ! m9ds ( committees & conv5tions1 & swept f "o end ( h] communion to ! o!r1 t1 )\t great *anges 9 h] mode ( deal+ ) ! masses ( our p1 no consid]able influ5ce ov] !m c\ld ev] be obta9$4 ,x is no wond] t ,bi%op ,upfold %\ld h writt51 conc]n+ ^! admissions1 t ,h] wor/ enemies c\ld n h said a worse ?+ ( ! *ur*2 &1 if x be true1 involves a cog5t argum5t = at once ab&on+ a *ur* s radically & ess5tially defective 9 its organization & work+ ag5cies4 ,footnote #de ,footnote #de3 ,memorial ,pap]s1 p4 #ahi4 ,surely if evid5ce ( any k9d c\ld satisfy u t1 at any "t at lea/1 ! ,episcopal ,*ur* 0 n adapt$1 by int]nal /ructure & ext]nal op]ations1 to control & h>monize ,am]ican society1 ! evid5ce :i* ! ,memorial movem5t ?us elicit$1 has done x4 ,if x ev] has be51 or c ev] be1 made manife/ t any giv5 *ur* is n ! ,*ur* ( ! ,p1 x 0 !n demon/rat$ t ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* is n s4 ,s9ce t gold5 epo* twelve ye>s h pass$ away4 ,t ! p ( ,am]ica h mat]ially *ang$1 ei!r 9 intellig5ce or religi\s feel+2 t _! necessities are less5$ or m easily suppli$1 no "o w v5ture to ass]t4 ,all ! _w kn[s t ! spiritual de/itution ( ! nation has increas$1 & t ! same means :i* fail$ to relieve x !n meet ) l failure n[4 ,all ! _w kn[s t ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* is ! same dignifi$ & /olid organization1 mov+ on 9 ! same beat5 track1 its pond]\s & cumb]some ma*9]y revolv+ heavily r\nd ! same well-worn axis1 & limit$ on e side by clamps & b&s1 :i* tremul\s cons]vatism d>e n (f] to unloose4 ,! records to :i* we h h]et(ore ref]r$ %[ also t1 9 bo? ( ^! p>ticul>s1 all ! _w is "r4 ,n "o ( ! measures advocat$ by ! ,memoriali/s has ev] be5 adopt$4 ,no law has ev] pass$1 requir+ t h] cl]gy prea* in/ead ( read4 ,no g5]al attempt has yet be5 made to organize ! lay elem5t1 ei!r male or female1 into a body ( effici5t labor]s4 ,no *ange has tak5 place 9 ! canon :i* requires t ^u e occasion ( public wor%ip ! ,pray]-book1 & x only1 %\ld be us$4 ,&1 worse ?an ?is1 no disposition to s modify exi/+ modes ( labor z to secure _! wid] range or sur] efficacy has ev] s9ce be5 manife/$4 ,ev5 :51 at ! conv5tion ( #ahfe1 a memorial 0 pres5t$1 sign$ by ne>ly fifty lead+ cl]gym51 repeat+ ! /atem5ts ( ! ,memorial ( #ahec1 & pray+ = ! in/itution ( an association ( ,evangeli/s1 9 ! hope t ^! /atem5ts may be s reg>d$ z to secure to ! *ur* ! important in/rum5talities4 444 :i* 7 nev] m urg5tly dem&$ ?an at ! pres5t "t1 ! h\se ( bi%ops coolly resolv$ t x 0 n exp$i5t to ent]ta9 ! subject & ! o!r h\se tacitly concurr$ 9 ! decision4 ,footnote #df ,footnote #df3 ,j\rnal ( #ahfe1 pp4 #cfa1 #aij4 #aee ,if1 9 ! face ( facts l ^!1 we judge ( ! future by ! pres5t & ! pa/1 :at %all we say8 ,is !re a hope t1 9 t mighty era :5 ?is great cont95t %all sw>m ) prosp]\s1 intellig5t1 indu/ri\s millions1 a *ur*1 :i* dur+ a :ole c5tury1 ) e advantage ( respectability & weal?1 has met ) su* signal failure1 %all rise into supremacy8 ,is !re a probability great en\gh to ju/ify our s]i\s contemplation t a *ur*1 ^: claim to be ! ,*ur* ( ! ,p is ?us d5i$ by t un]r+ voice ( hi/ory :i* is ! e*o ( ! voice ( ,god1 %\ld be ! ,*ur* ( ! ,future 9 our c\ntry8 ,we "k no bett] answ] to ^! que/ions ?an ! ?rill+ exhortation giv5 by ! v5]able ,dr4 ,muhl5b]g to ! ,memorial ,commission conc]n+ _! own duty to _! *ur*3 ,bid h]1 said he1 look ov] ?is va/ cont95t1 fill+ ) p ( all nations & languages & tongues1 & see ! folly ( hop+ to p]petuate among !m an ,anglican communion1 t w ev] be recogniz$ z aught m ?an an honorable sect4 ,bid h] give ov] ! va9 attempt to ca/ all m5's m9ds into "o m\ld4 ,bid h] *]i% among h] own memb]s mutual tol]ance ( op9ion 9 doctr9e1 & ta/e 9 wor%ip2 rememb]+ t uni=m sam5ess 9 less] matt]s may be ! ambition ( a society1 a p>ty1 a s*ool 9 ! *ur*1 b is f> bel[ any g5u9e aspirations ( ! *ur* h]self4 ,x is ! g5ius ( ,ca?olicism :i* is n[ knock+ at h] doors4 ,let h] refuse to op54 ,let h]1 if %e w1 make !m fa/] /ill ) new bolts & b>s1 & !n take h] re/1 to dream a wild] dream ?an any ( ! ,memorial ( becom+ ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* ( ^! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,footnote #dg ,footnote #dg3 ,memorial ,pap]s1 p4 #bhh4 ,! conclusions to :i* ! exp]i5ce ( a hundr$ ye>s has ?us direct$ u w be ext5d$ & confirm$ by an exam9ation ( c]ta9 *>act]i/ics :i* ! ,*ur* ( ! ,future1 z a ,*ur* ( ! ,p1 mu/ necess>ily pres5t1 & by a comp>ison ( ^! ) ! int]nal /ructure & ext]nal op]ations ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ?is exam9ation we %all also probably discov] ! causes f :i* ! pa/ failures ( ! latt] h result$1 & ! means by :i* %e might adapt h]self m fully to ! wants ( ! c\ntry & ! age1 if1 9 fact1 su* adaptation 7 any long] possible4 ,!re=e we proce$3 ,,ii4 ,! ,*ur* ( ! ,future is a *ur* ( /ability 9 pr9ciple & flexibility 9 op]ation4 ,! "w ( ! *ur* ( ,god ^u ! e>? is to tea* & gov]n m54 ,! tru?1 by :i* alone ! intellect c be enlight5$1 ! law1 by :i* alone ! he>t & life c be subject$ to ! w ( ,god1 are bo? entru/$ to h] keep+4 ,doctr9e in=m+ & direct+ discipl9e1 discipl9e realiz+ & pres]v+ doctr9e--su* is ! sy/em by :i* h] ,"l comm&$ h] to subdue ! _w1 & by :i* to ?is day ! _w has be5 subdu$4 ,! p ^: *ur* ! ,*ur* ( ! ,future is to be1 & ( :om1 z its memb]s1 x mu/ be compos$1 w be a free p4 ,! race f :i* !y spr+ long ago recogniz$1 z fundam5tal tru?1 t ! w ( ! p is ! highe/ law1 & e civil & political in/itution :i* is or is to be d]ives its orig9 & p]man5ce f ! sole fiat ( ! citiz54 ,!re is no p[] above x by :i* its errors may be correct$ or its excesses be re/ra9$4 #aef ,! popul> vote is ! tribunal f ^: decision !re c be no appeal4 ,! ballot-box is ! ?rone ( /ate1 f :i* supreme au?ority comes d[n only to take up ! ?und]bolts ( w>4 ,! /urdy indep5d5ce :i* results f su* a national cultivation w place a burd5 ( no common ord] ^u ! *ur* into ^: h&s ! control & unification ( ,am]ican society mu/ fall4 ,! be>] ( div9e illum9ation1 ! cu/odian ( unalt]able tru?1 ! spiritual gov]nm5t ( ! p1 w be also on h] %\ld]s2 & %e mu/ be able to )/& n only p]secution f )\t1 b ! m dang]\s assaults ( innovation & revolt )94 ,%e mu/ h no capacity = compromise4 ,! organic pr9ciple :i* b9ds into "o body h] integral elem5ts mu/ be beyond ! p[] ( popul> tumult to di/urb or political diss5sions to de/roy4 ,9 e /orm & tempe/ %e mu/ be immovable1 &1 ) a w ( div9e firmness & an arm ( godlike might1 mu/ b5d ! tempe/ & control ! /orm4 ,aga91 ! p ov] :om ! ,*ur* ( ! ,future w ext5d its sway embraces m5 ( e nation1 color1 class1 & tongue4 ,! (fspr+ ( ! ,african1 ! ,saxon1 & ! ,indian dwell "h toge!r ) ! *ildr5 ( ! ,hebrew1 ! ,mongolian1 ! ,teuton1 & ! ,celt4 ,religions ( all =ms (f] contemporane\s & discordant wor%ip to _! sev]al div9ities4 ,prejudices ( e complexion & aga9/ e tru? m+le 9 ! religi\s atmosph]e4 ,vices ( e "n1 gr[n1 ?r\gh long apa?y or long] ignorance1 into a second nature1 contam9ate ! public he>t4 ,e possible div]sity ( ideas1 ( ta/es1 ( impossibilities1 is f\nd among !m1 &1 "u all1 ! same great wants1 ! same unceas+ aspirations1 ! same =mless void4 ,! *ur* :i* heals ! spiritual w\nds ( su* a p mu/ bo? possess & use appliances ( inf9ite v>iety4 ,h] ph>macopoeia mu/ conta9 all rem$ies :i* ev] h be5 suitable to man4 ,h] le>n+ & ability mu/ ext5d to _! appropriate selection & be/[al4 ,%e mu/1 inde$1 be all ?+s to all m51 high ) ! high & l[ly ) ! l[1 wise ) ! le>n$ & simple ) ! ignorant1 firm ) ! head/rong & g5tle ) ! meek1 sublime ) ! imag9ative1 cold ) ! sev]e1 9 e way adapt+ ! me?od ( h] op]ations to ! dispositions ( ! p :om %e seeks to save1 if by any means _! salvation may be made secure4 ,?us1 9 h]self immovable1 et]nal1 & 9 h] labors z flexible & v>i\s z ! ne$s %e mu/ supply1 ! ,*ur* ( ! ,future w n only conqu]1 b :]ev] & :atev] %e has conqu]$ %e w !nce=? unceas+ly reta94 ,b c ! *ur* :i* does ?is be ! ,episcopal ,*ur*8 ,let u te/ h] immobility ( pr9ciples4 ,let u measure ! flexibility ( h] op]ations4 ,! result w tea* u mu* t is wor? le>n+1 & %\ld n be )\t its influ5ce on h]4 ,! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates consi/s ( ?irty-f\r conf$]at$ dioceses1 "u ! c>e ( bi%ops1 us+ ! same liturgy1 & yield+ ob$i5ce to ! same canon law4 ,footnote #dh ,! organic pr9ciple by :i* ?is conf$]ation 0 orig9at$ & has be5 ma9ta9$ is a writt5 con/itution4 ,footnote #di ,its organic life is manife/$ ?r\gh a g5]al conv5tion1 9 :i* ! supreme legislative & judicial au?ority ( ! :ole *ur* resides4 ,footnote #dh3 ,*ur* ,almanac = #ahfg1 p4 #ag4 ,footnote #di3 ,law writ]s def9e a con/itution z ei!r a limitation or a grant ( p[]4 ,did ! g5]al conv5tion ( #aghi1 9 adopt+ ! con/itution ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 !reby grant to ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 or to any "p !re(1 p[]s ( :i* x 0 previ\sly de/itute1 or limit p[]s :i* ,*ri/ himself conf]r$ ^u x8 ,or1 on ! contr>y1 is n ! idea ( a con/itution ess5tially repugnant to ! idea ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*8 #aeg ,ea* ( ^! sev]al dioceses consi/s ( v>i\s p>i%es1 unit$ "u "o bi%op1 & yield+ ob$i5ce to ! same local law4 ,! organic pr9ciple ( ! diocese is a writt5 con/itution2 & its organic life is manife/$ 9 a diocesan conv5tion1 9 :i* ! supreme legislative & judicial au?ority ( ! diocese resides4 ,ea* ( ! sev]al p>i%es :i* compose a diocese consi/s ( a great] or less numb] ( lay-p1 unit$ "u "o pa/or & occupy+ c]ta9 fix$ & well-kn[n t]ritorial limits4 ,its organic pr9ciple is usually a writt5 con/itution2 & its organic life is manife/$ ?r\gh a body ( ve/rym51 to :om ! managem5t ( its p>o*ial affairs is entru/$4 ,) ! exception t ! *ur* possesses no *ief executive1 correspond+ to ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 h] organic sy/em is almo/ id5tical ) ! political ord] ( ! gov]nm5t "u :i* %e lives4 ,! g5]al conv5tion ( ! *ur* is compos$ ( two h\ses1 a h\se ( bi%ops & a h\se ( cl]ical & lay deputies4 ,! h\se ( bi%ops consi/s ( all ! bi%ops ( ! v>i\s dioceses1 z memb]s ex (ficio4 ,! h\se ( deputies consi/s ( f\r delegates--two cl]ical & two lay--f ea* diocese1 appo9t$ 9 diocesan conv5tion4 ,a concurr5ce ( bo? ord]s 9 ! l[] h\se1 & ( bo? h\ses1 is necess>y to a vote ( ! conv5tion4 ,footnote #ej ,footnote #ej3 ,see ,con/itution1 app5dix to ,j\rnal ( #ahfe1 arts4 #b & #c4 ,! conv5tion ( ea* diocese is compos$ ( ! cl]gy1 canonically resid5t )9 its limits1 & ( a c]ta9 numb] ( lay-deputies1 appo9t$ by ! v>i\s congregations ( :i* ! diocese consi/s4 ,! ve/rym5 ( ea* p>i% are elect$ annually by ! p4 ,9 ea* ( ^! ?ree bodies ! lay elem5t possesses ! virtual supremacy4 ,9 g5]al conv5tion1 no law c be enact$1 no lax discipl9e c be re=m$1 no errone\s doctr9e c be correct$1 )\t ! express acquiesc5ce ( ! lay-deputies4 ,9 ! diocesan conv5tion1 no bi%op c be elect$1 no delegates to ! g5]al conv5tion c be appo9t$1 & no local diocesan regulations c be e/abli%$1 until ! laity agree4 ,9 ! p>i%1 no pa/or c be call$1 no *ur*-build+ be erect$1 no regul> ord] be det]m9$1 :ile ! p )hold _! p]mission4 ,& ?\gh1 ^u ! face ( x1 ?is p[] may seem to be entirely negative1 yet x is n s2 =1 9 ! "r to *oose _! pa/ors & conv5tion-delegates1 ! real control ( ! diocesan conv5tions1 &1 ?r\gh ^!1 ( _! bi%ops & ! g5]al conv5tion1 is plac$ ultimately 9 _! h&s1 &1 :5ev] !y might *oose to organize = su* a purpose1 a s+le g5]ation w\ld suffice to ov]turn ! doctr9e1 discipl9e1 & wor%ip ( ! *ur* itself4 ,9 ?is respect1 also1 ! ,episcopal ,*ur* has practically con=m$ h]self to ! model :i* our national in/itutions set be=e h]4 ,if %e believes t1 9 religi\s z well z secul> affairs1 all gov]nm5ts d]ive _! j p[]s f ! cons5t ( ! gov]n$1 h] sy/em & belief are c]ta9ly consi/5t1 b x c h>dly be pret5d$ t ei!r ( !m is div9e4 #aeh ,nor w x be d5i$ t all ! objections to :i* ! temporal is op5 on ! score ( in/ability & weakness are d\bly p]t95t to ! ecclesia/ical1 s long z ^? :om ,*ri/ int5d$ t 8 *ur* %\ld gov]n on ! contr>y really gov]n h]4 ,b h[ev] un/able & insecure 9 all h] fundam5tal & organic pr9ciples ! ,episcopal ,*ur* has ?us be5 r5d]$ by ! inh]5t nature ( h] sy/em1 %e c]ta9ly is f> f flexible 9 h] me?ods ( ext]nal op]ation4 ,"h all ! /r5g? ( h] cons]vatism conc5trates itself4 ,! ,pray]-,book is ! apple ( h] eye4 ,x co/ h] less to blot out a cre$ 9 :i* ! fai? ( ages 0 embodi$1 & rob h] cl]gy ( ! p[] ( absolution1 ?an x w\ld n[ to *ange a s+le syllable ( h] incomp>able liturgy4 ,yet no?+ is m widely und]/ood1 ev5 9 h] own bord]s1 ?an t ?is v liturgy is ! greate/ b>ri] :i* /&s betwe5 h] & ! masses ( ! p2 & t h] inflexible1 unv>y+ use ( x on all occasions is ! great pat5t cause ( h] ackn[l$g$ failures4 ,! entire ,memorial movem5t proce$$ ^u ! assumption t ?is inflexibility exi/s1 & t to x mu/ be attribut$ ! uselessness ( ef=ts :i*1 "u diff]5t me?ods1 %\ld h accompli%$ great results4 ,! ,memoriali/s did n hesitate to say t1 ) h] fix$ & inv>iable modes ( public wor%ip1 h] canonical means & appliances1 h] traditional cu/oms & usages1 %e 0 inadequate to d ! "w ( ! ,"l1 & t1 9 _! view1 x 0 necess>y to def9e & act ^u a sy/em broad] & m compreh5sive ?an t :i* !n exi/$1 & provid+ = z mu* fre$om 9 op9ion1 discipl9e1 & wor%ip z is compatible ) ! ess5tial fai? & ord] ( ! gospel4 ,footnote #ea ,! commission boldly ackn[l$g$ t we h to labor 9 places :]e v mu* ( our "w is outside ( t contemplat$ 9 ! plans ( our (fices1 ,footnote #eb & t our me?ods ( deal+ ) m5 %\ld be m direct & manifold4 ,footnote #ec ,!y admitt$ ! necessity ( t div]sity 9 our modes ( op]ation :i* has n be5 h]et(ore suffici5tly appreciat$1 ,footnote #ed & t we h refus$ or neglect$ to use _m gifts :i* ,*ri/ has be/[$ on 8 *ur*4 ,footnote #ee ,diff]5t bi%ops decl>$ t h] m9i/]s mu/ (t5 prea* ! gospel :]e ! attempt to p]=m ! entire s]vice w\ld be incongru\s1 unsuccessful1 & injuri\s2 ,footnote #ef t at su* times ! cl]gy 7 l ,david 9 ,saul's armor1 ,footnote #eg & objects ( compassion 9 ! eyes ( o!rs4 ,! late ,bi%op ,polk1 ) *>act]i/ic frankness1 /at$3 ,footnote #ea3 ,memorial ,pap]s1 p4 #cj4 ,footnote #eb3 ,ibid4 p4 #ej4 ,footnote #ec3 ,ibid4 p4 #ec4 ,footnote #ed3 ,ibid4 p4 #eb4 ,footnote #ee3 ,ibid4 p4 #eh4 ,footnote #ef3 ,ibid4 p4 #abf4 ,footnote #eg3 ,ibid4 p4 #afj4 ,i am satisfi$ our liturgical s]vices z n[ us$ are to a c]ta9 ext5t imp$im5ts 9 our way4 444 ,!re are circum/ances 9 :i* all ! s]vices help u4 444 ,!re are o!r circum/ances 9 :i* ! use ( all ! s]vice is a manife/ & felt h9d]ance4 444 ,we are n z p[]ful a *ur* z we might be if we _h m lib]ty4 ,( ?is ,i am fully p]suad$4 ,footnote #eh ,footnote #eh3 ,ibid4 pp4 #afj1 #afa4 ,! mission>y bi%op ( ,oregon & ,wa%+ton1 out ( 8 l>ge exp]i5ce1 concludes3 ,!re are und\bt$ly great advantages result+ to ! *ur* f a g5]al uni=mity ( wor%ip2 b if t uni=mity be s m9ute & fix$ z to refuse adaptation to ! actual condition & wants ( ,*ri/ian m51 or to re/ra9 9 any degree ! prea*+ ( ! gospel to e creature1 !n x becomes a yoke ( bondage & a damage to ,*ri/'s k+dom4 ,footnote #ei ,footnote #ei3 ,memorial ,pap]s1 p4 #bac4 #aei ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,h[e rem>ks3 ,i d n believe1 sir1 t ! difficulty lies 9 ! organization ( ! *ur*1 444 b 9 ! unv>y+ & 79 ! e/eem ( _m7 inv>iable use ( our =ms & o!r usages ( wor%ip4 444 ,! *ur* may be entirely ,ca?olic 9 h] doctr9e & polity1 yet %e c nev] be practically s :ile %e requires all m5 to wor%ip ev]y:]e 9 precisely ! same =ms4 ,footnote #fj ,footnote #fj3 ,ibid4 p4 #bef4 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,trapi] ass]ts t 9 ! c\ntry-places1 among ! rural population1 x has prov$ to be an almo/ hopeless task to introduce our s]vices1 t is1 9 _! integrity4 ,footnote #fa ,footnote #fa3 ,ibid4 p4 #caf4 ,& s great an advocate ( =mal wor%ip z ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,francis ,v9ton is reput$ to h be5 exclaims3 ,y _c fulfil ! ,"l's w :ile ! canons ( our *ur* are left 9 _! /iffness4 ,footnote #fb ,footnote #fb3 ,ibid4 p4 #ccj4 ,we h already se5 h[ mu* effect ! movem5t1 ( :i* ^! well-consid]$ /atem5ts =m a "p1 f9ally produc$ ^u ! ext]nal sy/em ( ! *ur*1 & x is only too well kn[n t at ?is day ! decl>ations ( ! ,memoriali/s are z applicable z !y 7 twelve ye>s ago4 ,! evangelical lead]s1 hopeless ( legitimat$ lib]ty1 h gr[n m & m re/less "u ! unyield+ yoke1 & "h & !re "s bold] _s has bur/ away f ! intol]able s]vitude1 & ass]t$ 8 "r & duty to d ! ,"l's "w unhamp]$ by h] human in/itutions4 ,ev] & anon "s anxi\s writ] v5tures to repeat ! decl>ations & ! pray]s ( ! ,memorial4 ,b ^? :o d>e to look = any *ange are few 9 numb]1 & ! high hopes ( =m] days1 t ! iron b>s 7 soon to be unloos$ & ! eag] w+s ( ,*ri/ian zeal unb\nd1 are already well-nigh buri$ 9 despair4 ,t1 9 ref]5ce to ei!r ( ^! two ess5tial *>act]i/ics1 any improvem5t w take place we see no reason to believe4 ,x w\ld be contradictory to all exp]i5ce if ! ,episcopal laity %\ld volunt>ily rel9qui% _! %>e 9 ! gov]nm5t & adm9i/ration ( ! *ur* :i* !y uphold1 or t1 by any ex]cise ( spiritual p[]1 ! cl]gy c\ld compel !m to its resignation4 ,x seems to u almo/ equally impossible t ! inflexibility ( op]ation :i* prev5ts h] success c ev] be mat]ially dim9i%$4 ,h] liturgy is h] c5trum unitatis1 h] tea*]1 h] au?oritative law4 ,x is ! gold5 b& :i* b9ds h] memb]s to "o ano!r2 :i* unites bi%op to bi%op1 diocese to diocese1 prie/ to prie/2 :i* l9ks h] ) ! c5turies ( ! pa/1 & rea*es onw>d to ! future2 :i* keeps h] het]og5e\s elem5ts 9 contact ) "o ano!r1 z ! electric coil b9ds into "o repell5t p>ticles ( /eel4 ,9 x h] d5om9ational exi/5ce is b\nd up1 & ) mat]ial *anges 9 x %e h]self is fat$ to dissolve & die4 ,x _c be4 ,no day w ev] come :5 ,prote/ant ,episcopalianism c conv]t ?is p4 ,no day w ev] come :51 if conv]t$1 %e c\ld gov]n !m4 ,honor$ = h] le>n+1 h] decorum1 & h] weal?1 %e may endure to witness _m g5]ations pass away4 ,great names w be 9 h] & great m5 w be ( h]4 ,%e w d h] "w 9 ! _w1 :atev] t may be2 b h] cont9uance w be t ( a sect1 & a sect only1 until ! day ( h] absorption comes4 #afj ,,iii4 ,! ,*ur* ( ! ,future is a *ur* ( uni=m & consi/5t fai?4 ,x seems almo/ sup]flu\s = u to argue 9 support ( ?is proposition4 ,t div9e tru? is "o1 t :at ,god tea*es is un*angeable & e way h>moni\s ) itself1 are axioms :i* ev5 ! unle>n$ c see to be infallible4 ,& t ! ?\ghtful1 e>ne/1 practical p :o mu/ by & by cov] ?is great cont95t w ev] ackn[l$ge z ,god's repres5tative & _! spiritual tea*] a *ur* ^: fai? is v>iable & undef9$1 ^: !ologians are at issue conc]n+ fundam5tal po9ts ( doctr9e1 & ^: public prea*+ is 9 p]petual self-contradiction & unc]ta9ty1 is utt]ly impossible4 ,! ,*ur* ( ! ,future is a ,*ur* ( ,tru?1 a *ur* ( div9e orig9 & ( div9e au?ority1 ov] :om is "o ,"l1 & 9 :om is "o _s2 a *ur* ^: voice is ev] cle> & c]ta91 ^: unity ) h]self is evid5ce ( h] unity ) ,god1 & :o1 9 ga!r+ ! nations to h] foot/ool1 make? !m all to be ( "o m9d 9 ! h\se1 ?r\gh ! fai? once deliv]$ to ! sa9ts4 ,w ! ,episcopal ,*ur* ju/ify ?is description8 ,has %e t pure & uncorrupt$ fai?1 t ^w ( ! gospel1 :i* is always1 & ev]y:]e1 & by all inv>iably taught & held8 ,ev]ybody kn[s bett]4 ,%e h]self d5ies x4 ,ye>s ago "o ( h] bi%ops describ$ h] z a *ur* 9 :i* p>ties 7 array$ 9 bitt] ho/ility to ea* o!r2 9 :i* !re 0 s mu* diff]5ce ( op9ion ^u important po9ts ( doctr9e t ! bi%ops & o!r m9i/]s c\ld n be br\ght to agree2 9 :i* "o "p d5ies all claim to an evangelical1 t is1 a gospel1 "*1 to all :o d n agree ) !m 9 e p>ticul>1 :ile ! o!r p>ty d5ies to ! =m] any j "r to ! "n ( *ur*man4 ,footnote #fc ,footnote #fc3 ,memorial ,pap]s1 p4 #ahg4 ,ye>s ago a v5]able presbyt] decl>$ t ! prime s\rce ( all h] difficulties 0 t ! h\se 0 divid$ aga9/ itself & t s long z m5 7 orda9$ to h] m9i/ry1 clo!d ) h] au?ority1 & seat$ 9 h] high places1 :o _c consci5ti\sly tea* h] ,cate*ism = *ildr51 & ^: "w ( love x is to revile h] doctr9es1 h] in/itutions1 & h] fai?ful p1 h] enemies ,footnote #fd w\ld rejoice1 & ! _w repudiate h] claims4 ,footnote #fd3 ,ibid4 p4 #bcf4 ,! *ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates has n yet br\ght =? a ,col5so1 nei!r has a ,pusey yet aris5 9 h] mid/2 b ! div]sity betwe5 ^! lead]s ( ! ,anglican communion is h>dly great] ?an obta9s betwe5 ! congregations on ?is side ( ! ,atlantic4 ,! rector ( old ,tr9ity ) 8 confessional1 ! rector ( ,/4 ,george's ) 8 pray]-meet+1 are expon5ts ( p>ties1 ! gulf ( ^: sep>ation cleaves d[nw>d to ! bottom ( ! great plan ( man's salvation4 ,fa!r ,morrill at ,/4 ,alban's1 & ! y\ng] ,tyng b5ea? ! mission>y t5t 9 ! public squ>e1 repres5t cre$s & pr9ciples z diff]5t z any t divide ! _w4 ,"u ! %elt] ( a liturgy :i* ea* int]prets accord+ to 8 p]sonal views1 !y dwell toge!r1 & ?r\gh its rigid =mul>ies pres]ve ext]nal uni=mity4 ,b ev]y:]e outside ( x _! unity is want+4 ,pulpit is array$ aga9/ pulpit1 sem9>y aga9/ sem9>y1 society aga9/ society4 ,h] bi%ops are catalogu$ z high & l[1 & look$ to z ! lead]s ( h] ho/ile factions4 ,h] g5]al conv5tion seeks safety 9 inaction4 ,h] ecclesia/ical exi/5ce hangs ^u ! ?read ( compromise4 #afa ,h[ long ?is /ate ( ?+s c cont9ue we v5ture n to prophesy4 ,:e!r ! ,episcopal ,*ur* is de/9$ to dis9tegrate l o!r sects ar\nd h]1 or :e!r %e w ov]come ! dang]\s s*ismatic miasm :i* infe/s h] memb]s & be once m ! home ( peace & unity1 are que/ions :i* we h no ne$ to answ]4 ,b t ?is /ate ( ?+s 0 ev] possible proves t h] uni=mity1 :]ev] x exi/s1 is m]ely accid5tal1 & nev] c conf] ^u h] tea*+s t au?ority :i* a cle>-sight$ & s5sible p w dem& z a condition ( _! fai?4 ,!re are /ill o!r *>act]i/ics :i* ! ,*ur* ( ! ,future w possess1 b ! limits ( ?is article =bid u to exam9e !m4 ,! ?ree to :i* we h direct$ our att5tion are ^? :i* 7 mo/ easily disc]nible1 & conc]n+ :i* mat]ial = rese>* & comp>ison lay mo/ readily at h&4 ,!y h answ]$ our "q z def9itely z if ! :ole gr\nd _h be5 gone ov]1 & h told u t1 s f> z human calculations c ext5d1 ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* w nev] be ! ,*ur* ( ! ,future 9 our c\ntry4 ,9 attempt+ to demon/rate ?is proposition we h be5 actuat$ by no feel+ ( ho/ility t[>d ! ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,too _m sacr$ memories1 too _m ye>s ( deep & fond affection1 h made h] prie/s & p de> =ev] to our he>ts4 ,we believe t1 9 ! inscrutable provid5ce ( ,god1 %e has a "w to d2 a "w :i*1 /a9$ ) h]esy & r5t ) s*ism z %e is1 none else c d s well4 ,/&+ betwe5 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* & ! remot] d>knesses ( ,rationalism & ,infidelity1 %e cat*es ! light ( its et]nal tru? m fully1 & brea!s a f> div9] atmosph]e ?an !y4 ,%e dr9ks 9 ! solemn beauty ( its apo/olic ord]4 ,%e feels ! p[] ( its infallible au?ority4 ,%e wond]s at its va/ & p]fect unity4 ,%e /rives to reproduce ^! m>ks ( ! true *ur* ^u h] own ext]ior1 & calls h] neighbors to exam9e & admire4 ,?us %e becomes ! s*ool-mi/ress to lead !m to ! tru?4 ,h[ _m1 :o by bir?1 by prejudice1 by old associations1 appe>$ to be = ev] ali5s to ! ,ca?olic fold1 h yield$ fir/ to ! modifi$ ,prote/antism ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 & ?r\gh h] h be5 l$ /raight home to ! real "m ( _! s\ls6 ,! names ( ,newman & ,sp5c]1 ,fab]1 ,ives1 & ,bak]1 tea* u h[ mu* ,ca?olics may owe to h] :o1 ev5 s9ce h] fall1 has nurs$ ! spiritual infancy ( _m sa9ts ( ,god4 ,& we1 :o f h] brea/ drew our fir/ rev]5ce = ,holy ,*ur*1 &1 guid$ by h] h&1 at la/ beheld ! beacon-light :i* l$ u to ! ,rock ( ,pet] & ! ,home ( ,peace1 c nev] cease to love h]1 or to pray t h] great "w may spread until ! p ( ?is nation1 entranc$ by h] reflect$ beauty1 may turn _! eyes to :5ce h] light proce$s1 & ha/5 onw>d to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 9 :i* ! sun ( tru? = ev] %9es4 ,let1 !n1 ! g5]al conv5tion ( #ahfh1 s soon to ga!r 9 ?is great metropolis1 awake to ! em]g5cy & quit !mselves l m54 ,! task impos$ ^u !m is wor?y ( _! toil1 &1 ?\gh ! *ur* = :i* !y legislate reap n ! h>ve/1 !y %all h _! rew>d4 #afb ,! influ5ce ( _! gr& & solemn wor%ip1 ( _! fix$1 cons]vative ideas1 is necess>y to keep d[n ?is re/less age1 & make x look ) calmness on ! que/ions ( ! day4 ,let t wor%ip be e/abli%$ & ^? ideas ext5d$ 9 e t[n & hamlet to :i* ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has n prec$$ !m4 ,let h] bi%ops & h] cl]gy imbue ! p ) v5]ation = apo/olic ord] & ) a _s ( submission to apo/olic p[]4 ,let h] ma9ta9 ! tru?s :i* %e pres]ves1 & ) !m build f\ndations 9 ! national he>t = ! erection ( ! div9e temple ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,let h] d ?is & s fulfil ! "w :i* lies be=e h]1 d\bt+ n le/ ! ,"l =get h] labor1 b hop+ t ! way ( grace %e paves = o!rs x may be f9ally h] lot to tread4 ,& :5 ! ,*ur* ( ! ,future c\nts ! trophies ( h] victory1 & reviews ! means by :i* x 0 accompli%$1 ! "w ( ,prote/ant ,episcopalianism %all n be =gott51 & ! workm5 :o p]=m$ x %all receive ! me$ ( praise :i* is _! due4 ---------- ,f ,! ,fr5* ,( ,erckmann ,& ,*atrian4 ,! ,invasion2 ,or1 ,yeg( ,! ,fool4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,all ?is :ile1 ev]y?+ 0 pursu+ its usual c\rse at ! f>m ( ,bois-de-,*nes4 ,yeg('s /range behavior 0 almo/ =gott51 & w> 0 = ! "t un?\ght (4 ,old ,du*5e1 :ile ,hull9 plodd$ back1 0 driv+ 8 cattle home1 ! h]dsman ,rob9 spread+ ! /raw on :i* !y 7 to re/1 & ,annette & ,jeanne 7 skimm+ ! daily tribute ( _! dairy4 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre alone1 sil5t & gloomy1 mus$ ov] :at _h pass$1 z %e sup]9t5d$ ! "w ( h] p4 ,%e 0 too old1 too grave1 to s soon =get ev5ts :i* _h agitat$ h] s /rongly4 ,at nightfall1 aft] ! ev5+ repa/1 %e ent]$ ! l>ge kit*5 :]e ! f>m-s]vants await$ h]1 & !re took d[n h] regi/] & plac$ x ^u ! table1 ready1 z 0 h] wont1 to regulate ! acc\nts ( ! day4 ,x might h be5 half-pa/ sev51 :5 foot/eps 7 he>d at ! gate4 ,! wat*-dog sprang =w>d gr[l+1 li/5$ = a mom5t1 sniff$ ! air1 & !n quietly return$ to 8 bone4 ,x is "s "o belong+ to ! f>m1 said ,annette2 ,mi*el kn[s him4 ,at ! same mom5t old ,du*5e exclaim$3 ,good-ev5+1 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude6 ,y are back4 ,yes--f ,phalsb\rg1 & ,i w rema9 "h a few mom5ts to re/ be=e go+ to ! village4 ,is ,ca!r9e at home8 ,%e is )91 repli$ ,du*5e4 ,& brave ,jean-,claude ent]$ into ! bright light1 8 broad hat drawn ov] 8 eyes1 & ! roll ( %eepsk9 ^u 8 %\ld]4 #afc ,good-ev5+1 my *ildr51 said he1 good-ev5+4 ,always at "w1 ,i see4 ,yes1 ,monsieur ,hull91 answ]$ ,jeanne1 laugh+4 ,if we _h no?+ to d1 life w\ld be tiresome inde$4 ,true1 my de>1 true4 ,!re is no?+ l "w = giv+ rosy *eeks & %9+ eyes4 ,jeanne 0 ab\t to reply :5 ! door op5$1 & ,ca!r9e ,lefevre advanc$ into ! room4 ,%e ca/ an anxi\s glance on ,hull91 z if to div9e be=eh& ! news he 0 br++4 ,well1 ,jean-,claude1 y h return$4 ,yes1 ,ca!r9e1 & ) good & ill tid+s4 ,let u h !m6 exclaim$ %e1 pres5t+ a seat to ! sabot-mak]1 z he deposit$ 8 roll ^u ! table4 ,well1 ! news f ,gasp>d is good2 ! boy is well1 al?\gh he has _h a h>d "t ( x2 s mu* ! bett]--h>d%ip /r5g!ns y\?4 ,b ! w> goes badly1 badly6 ,he %ook 8 head z he spoke1 & ! old woman1 seat+ h]self 9 h] arm-*air directly 9 front ( him1 fix$ h] eyes ^u 84 ,!n ! allies are 9 ,france2 ! w> is to be br\ght home to u8 ,yes1 ,ca!r9e2 we may any day expect to see ! enemy 9 our m\nta9s4 ,i fe>$ x--,i 0 sure ( x--b g on1 ,jean-,claude4 ,hull91 9 a l[ voice1 proce$$ to relate all he _h se5 & he>d2 he told ( ! works ar\nd ! city1 ! proclamation ( ! /ate ( siege1 ! wagons load$ ) w\nd$ on ! ,place d',armes1 & 8 meet+ ) ! old s]geant4 ,f "t to "t he paus$1 & ! old lady half-clos$ h] eyes1 z if grav+ 8 words ^u h] memory1 & :5 ,hull9 spoke ( ! w\nd$ %e gasp$3 ,b ,gasp>d has escap$8 ,at ! end ( ! sabot-mak]'s sorr[ful /ory !re 0 a long pause4 ,h[ _m bitt] ?\ghts 7 burn+ 9 ! m9ds ( bo?6 ,at la/ ,ca!r9e broke ! sil5ce3 ,y see1 ,jean-,claude1 said %e1 ,yeg( 0 "r4 ,he 0 "r1 repli$ ,jean-,claude1 b :at does t prove8 ,x w\ld1 inde$1 be a/oni%+ if a fool--w&]+1 z he does1 ev]y:]e1 f village to village--9 ,alsace1 9 ,lorra9e--saw no?+1 he>d no?+2 & if he %\ld n occasionally utt] a tru? 9 ! mid/ ( 8 nons5se4 ,ev]y?+ is m+l$ 9 8 head1 & y imag9e y und]/& :at he does n und]/& himself4 ,b en\gh ( ! fool1 ,ca!r9e4 ,! ,au/rians are com+1 & ! "q is :e!r we %all let !m pass quietly ?r\gh our m\nta9s1 or def5d ourselves l m\nta9e]s4 ,def5d ourselves6 cri$ ! old woman1 h] pale *eeks flu%+4 ,?9k y we h lo/ ! c\rage ( our fa!rs8 ,did n ! blood ( _! m51 wom51 & *ildr5 fl[ l wat]1 & no "o ?9k ( yield+8 ,!n y are = def5ce1 ,ca!r9e8 ,ay6 :ile a drop ( blood rema9s 9 my body4 ,let !m come4 ,! old woman w be 9 _! pa?4 ,h] long1 gray hair 9 h] excitem5t seem$ to quiv] ^u h] head2 h] *eeks trembl$ & gl[$1 & h] eyes fla%$ fire4 ,%e seem$ ev5 full ( a fi]ce beauty--( a beauty l t ( ,m>g>e? ( :om ,yeg( spoke4 ,hull9 /ret*$ 8 h& to h] 9 sil5ce4 #afd ,i knew y1 ,ca!r9e1 said he ) en?usiasm2 ,i knew y\r true he>t4 ,b we mu/ look calmly at :at is be=e u4 ,we %all fight1 b h[8 ,:]e are our munitions8 ,ev]y:]e6 axes1 scy!s1 pit*=ks-- ,yes1 yes2 b muskets & bullets are ! be/4 ,muskets we h2 e m\nta9e]'s cottage has "o hang+ ov] ! door2 b :]e is our p[d]8 :]e are our bullets8 ,! old woman became sudd5ly calm2 %e pu%$ back h] hair b5ea? h] cap1 & look$ ar\nd ?\ghtfully4 ,yes1 %e repli$2 we lack p[d] & ball1 x is true1 b we %all h !m4 ,m>c-,dives ! smuggl] has pl5ty4 ,y w see him = me to-morr[1 & tell him t ,ca!r9e ,lefevre w buy all t he has1 & pay = x too2 yes1 ?\gh x co/ h] h\se1 l&s1 & cattle--all %e possesses4 ,d y und]/&1 ,hull98 ,i d4 ,?is is spl5did1 ,ca!r9e6 ,spl5did6 ,bah6 ,to drive f our doors ^? ,au/rians1 ^? ,prussians1 ! r$-be>d$ race :o once already all b ext]m9at$ ours6 ,!y are our mortal foes6 ,y w buy ! p[d]1 & ! wret*es w see :e!r _! old ca/les are to be rebuilt by u6 ,hull9 saw t ,yeg('s /ory yet prey$ ^u h] m9d1 b he said simply3 ,!n x is und]/ood4 ,i g to ,m>c-,dives's to-morr[8 ,yes1 repli$ ,ca!r9e2 & y w buy all 8 p[d] & lead4 ,y mu/ also g to all ! villages 9 ! m\nta9s1 to w>n our p ( ! dang] & agree ^u a signal to be us$ 9 case ( attack4 ,re/ easy z to t1 said ,jean-,claude2 x %all be my c>e4 ,bo? _h ris5 & turn$ t[>d ! door4 ,= half an h\r pa/ ! noise 9 ! kit*5 _h ceas$2 ! p ( ! f>m _h retir$4 ,! old woman plac$ h] lamp on ! *imney-%elf & drew ! bolts4 ,! cold )\t 0 %>p1 b ! air cle> & /ill4 ,! peaks ar\nd1 & ! fires on ! ,jaeg] t /ood out aga9/ ! d>k-blue sky 9 masses ( silv] or jet1 & no s\nd broke ! quiet save ! %ort b>k ( a f>-(f fox4 ,good-night1 ,hull91 said ! old woman4 ,good-night1 ,ca!r9e4 ,jean-,claude walk$ rapidly d[n ! hea?-cov]$ slope1 & 8 late ho/ess1 aft] foll[+ him = a few mom5ts ) h] eyes1 clos$ ! door4 ,i mu/ leave y to imag9e ! joy ( ,l\ise :5 %e le>n$ t h] ,gasp>d 0 safe4 ,hull9 0 c>eful n to m> h] joy by a view ( ! d>k cl\d ris+ ^u its horizon4 ,all night he he>d h] talk+ to h]self 9 h] little *amb]1 murmur+ ! "n ( ,gasp>d1 & op5+ draw]s & boxes to f9d tok5s he _h left4 ,?us does ! l9net1 unm9dful ( ! com+ /orm1 s+ 9 ! fa/-rec$+ sun%9e4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,:5 ,jean-,claude1 ! next morn+1 pu%$ op5 8 w9d[-%utt]s1 he saw ! neighbor+ m\nta9s--,jaeg]?al1 ,grosmann1 ,donon--cov]$ ) sn[4 ,?is fir/ sight ( w9t]--:5 x ov]takes u 9 our sleep--has a /range attraction ab\t x4 ,! old firs1 ! moss-cov]$ rocks1 7 ye/]day /ill clo!d 9 _! v]dure1 b n[ !y glitt] ) fro/1 & fill our s\l ) an indescribable s5se ( sadness4 #afe ,ano!r ye> has pass$ away1 we murmur to ourselves2 ano!r rude season mu/ pass away be=e ! fl[]s return6 ,& we hurry to don our great-coat or to light a ro>+ fire4 ,our little retreat is full ( :ite light1 & )\t we he> ! sp>r[s--! poor sp>r[s cr\*+ b5ea? ! eaves & bu%es--:o ) ruffl$ fea!rs seem to cry1 ,no breakfa/ ?is morn+--no breakfa/6 ,hull9 put on 8 heavy d\ble-sol$ %oes & 8 ?icke/ jacket4 ,he he>d ,l\ise walk+ ov] 8 head 9 ! little g>ret4 ,l\ise1 he cri$1 ,i am go+4 ,:at6 to-day aga98 ,yes1 my *ild2 ,i mu/4 ,my bus9ess is n yet f9i%$4 ,!n pull+ 8 broad felt hat ov] 8 head1 he w5t half-way up ! /airs1 & said 9 a l[ tone3 ,y mu/ n expect me back v soon1 *ild1 = ,i mu/ g a long way (f4 ,d n be uneasy4 ,if !y ask y :]e ,i am gone1 say to ,c\s9 ,ma?ias1 at ,sav]ne4 ,w y n h "s breakfa/ be=e />t+8 ,no2 ,i h put a loaf ( bread & ! little flask ( br&y 9 my pocket4 ,f>ewell1 my *ild4 ,be happy1 & ?9k ( ,gasp>d4 ,&1 )\t wait+ = m que/ions1 he seiz$ 8 /aff & left ! cottage1 direct+ 8 /eps t[>d ! hill to ! left ( ! village4 ,at ! end ( a qu>t] ( an h\r he _h pass$ x & rea*$ ! pa? ( ! ,?ree ,f\nta9s1 :i* w9ds ar\nd ,falk5/e9 by an old wall4 ,! fir/ sn[ nev] la/s long 9 ! damp %ad[s ( ! valleys1 & x _h already begun to melt & =m a /ream 9 ! pa?way4 ,hull9 m\nt$ ! wall to escape ! wat]1 & ?r[+ a glance t[>d ! village saw a few old wom5 sweep+ ! sn[ f be=e _! doors1 & a few old m5 ex*ang+ _! morn+ greet+s & smok+ _! morn+ pipes at _! ?re%olds4 ,he pursu$ 8 way along dreamily1 murmur+3 ,h[ tranquil all is !re6 ,none suspect t dang] is nigh1 & yet 9 a few days :at tumults1 :at %rieks1 :at cra%+ ( cannon & clatt]+ ( muskets w fill ! air6 ,p[d] 0 ! fir/ necessity1 & we h se5 h[ ,ca!r9e ,lefevre turn$ h] ?\ghts to ,m>c-,dives ! smuggl]2 b %e did n speak ( 8 amiable helpmate1 ,hexe-,baizel4 ,! c\ple liv$ at ! o!r side ( ,falk5/e91 b5ea? ! cliff on :i* ! ru9$ ca/le /ood4 ,!y _h holl[$ out = !mselves a v com=table d51 al?\gh x possess$ b "o entrance & two little w9d[s1 b rumor h9t$ t x communicat$ ) anci5t subt]ranean passages4 ,^! la/1 h[ev]1 ! cu/om-h\se (ficials 7 nev] able to discov]1 not)/&+ sev]al visits !y made ! wor?y pair ) ?is object 9 view4 ,jean-,claude & ,m>c-,dives knew "o ano!r f infancy2 !y _h _m a "t toge!r driv5 ! owl & ! hawk f _! ne/s1 & /ill saw "o ano!r at lea/ once a week at ! saw-mill4 ,hull9 plac$ full reliance ^u ! smuggl]1 b he some:at mi/ru/$ ,madame ,hexe-,baizel4 ,h[ev]1 said he1 z he ne>$ _! domicile1 we %all see4 ,he _h light$ 8 pipe1 & f "t to "t turn$ to contemplate ! imm5se /ret* ( c\ntry spread out be=e him4 ,no?+ c be m magnific5t ?an ! view ( sn[-cov]$ wood$ m\nta9s1 ris+ peak aft] peak f> into ! pale-blue sky until sight is lo/ 9 di/ance1 & sep>at$ by d>k valleys1 ea* ) its torr5t fl[+ ov] mossy /ones1 gre5 & poli%$ l bronze4 #aff ,& !n ! sil5ce--! sil5ce ( w9t]--brok5 only by ! foot-fall on ! s(t1 :ite gr\nd1 or ! da% ( sn[ fall+ f ! high] bran*es ( ! firs to ! l[]1 :i* b5d b5ea? ! weight2 or mayhap ! %rill screams ( a pair ( eagles1 :irl+ f> above ! treetops1 />tle ! e>4 ,b all ?is mu/ be se5 & felt2 x _c be describ$4 ,ab\t an h\r aft] 8 dep>ture f ! village1 ,hull91 climb+ ov] rock aft] rock1 rea*$ ! foot ( ! cliff ( ,arb\si]s4 ,a sort ( t]race1 full ( /ones1 & only ?ree or f\r feet 9 wid?1 entirely surr\nds ?is mass ( granite4 ,! n>r[ way1 itself surr\nd$ only by ! tops ( trees %oot+ f ! precipice bel[1 seems dang]\s1 b is sc>cely s 9 reality1 = dizz9ess is all t is to be fe>$ 9 pass+ along x4 ,above ! ru9-cov]$ rock ov]hangs ! pa?4 ,jean-,claude approa*$ ! smuggl]'s retreat4 ,he halt$ a few mom5ts ^u ! t]race1 put 8 pipe back into 8 pocket1 & !n advanc$ along ! passage1 :i* describ$ a half-circle & t]m9at$ 9 a not* 9 ! rock4 ,at its end he p]ceiv$ ! two w9d[s ( ! cave & ! half-op5 door4 ,at ! same mom5t ,hexe-,baizel appe>$1 sweep+ ! ?re%old ) a huge broom ( gre5 twigs4 ,%e 0 %ort & )]$2 h] head cov]$ ) a mass ( di%evell$ r$ hair1 h] *eeks holl[1 h] nose po9t$1 h] little eyes glitt]+ l burn+ coals1 h] m\? small & g>ni%$ ) v :ite tee?4 ,h] co/ume consi/$ ( a %ort & v dirty wooll5 g[n1 & h] small1 muscul> arms 7 b>e to ! elb[1 not)/&+ ! int5se cold ( w9t] at su* a height2 a pair ( worn-out slipp]s half-cov]$ h] feet4 ,ha6 good-morn+1 ,hexe-,baizel1 cri$ ,jean-,claude1 9 a tone ( good-natur$ raill]y4 ,/\t1 fat1 happy1 & cont5t$ z usual1 ,i see4 ,hexe-,baizel turn$ l a />tl$ weasel4 ,%e %ook h] hair1 & h] eyes fla%$ fire4 ,b %e calm$ h]self at once1 & said1 9 a %ort1 dry voice1 z if speak+ to h]self3 ,hull9 ! sabot-mak]6 ,:at does he want "h8 ,i want to see my fri5d ,m>c1 beautiful ,hexe-,baizel1 repli$ ,jean-,claude4 ,we h bus9ess toge!r4 ,:at bus9ess8 ,ah6 t is our affair4 ,come1 let me pass2 ,i mu/ speak to-him4 ,m>c is asleep4 ,well1 we mu/ wake him4 ,"t presses4 ,s say+1 ,hull9 b5t b5ea? ! door-way1 & ent]$ ! cave1 :i* 0 irregul> 9 %ape & seam$ ) num]\s fissures 9 its walls4 ,ne> ! entrance ! rock1 ris+ sudd5ly1 =m$ a sort ( natural he>?1 on :i* burn$ a few coals & "s bran*es ( ! junip]4 ,! cook+ ut5sils ( ,hexe-,baizel consi/$ ( an iron pot1 an e>!n j>1 two crack$ plates1 & ?ree or f\r pewt] =ks2 h] furniture1 ( a wood5 /ool1 a hat*et to split wood1 a salt-box fa/5$ to ! rocky wall1 & h] great broom ( gre5 twigs4 ,at ! "r1 h] kit*5 op5$ ^u ano!r cav]n by an irregul>ly %ap$ ap]ture wid] at ! top ?an bel[1 & clos$ by two planks & a cross-b>4 ,well1 :]e is ,m>c8 ask$ ,hull91 seat+ himself at ! corn] ( ! he>?4 #afg ,i h already told y t he is asleep4 ,he came home v late la/ night1 & he mu/ n be di/urb$2 d y und]/&8 ,i und]/& v well1 ,hexe-,baizel1 b ,i h no "t to wait4 ,!n leave z soon z y please4 ,t is v f9e1 b ,i don't int5d to leave j yet4 ,i did n make ?is j\rney to return empty h&$4 ,is t y1 ,hull98 int]rupt$ a r\gh voice 9 ! inn] cav]n4 ,ay1 ,m>c4 ,wait a mom5t1 ,i am com+4 ,a noise ( ru/l+ /raw 0 he>d1 !n ! planks 7 remov$1 & a tall man1 ?ree feet at lea/ f %\ld] to %\ld]1 bony1 b5t1 ) e>s & neck ( a dull brick color & disord]$ br[n hair1 b5t 9 ! ap]ture1 & !n ,m>c-,dives /ood erect be=e ,hull91 gap+ & /ret*+ 8 long arms4 ,at fir/ sight ! c\nt5ance ( ,m>c-,dives seem$ mild en\gh2 8 broad1 l[ =ehead1 temples only ?9ly cov]$ ) hair1 po9t$ nose1 long *91 & calm1 br[n eyes w\ld seem to betok5 ! quiet1 easy-go+ man1 b "o :o %\ld s class him w\ld soon] or lat] discov] 8 mi/ake4 ,rumor said t ,m>c-,dives _h little scruple 9 us+ 8 axe or c>b9e :5 ! cu/om-h\se (ficials invad$ 8 premises1 b pro(s 7 want+4 ,! smuggl]1 ?anks to 8 complete k ( all ! defiles ( ! m\nta91 & ( all ! roads f ,dagsb\rg to ,s>rebrck1 f ,raon l',etape to ,ble 9 ,switz]l&1 always seem$ tw5ty miles f ! place :]e su* conflicts occurr$4 ,!n he _h su* a h>mless air--9 %ort1 ! rumors aga9/ him inevitably recoil$ ^u ^? :o />t$ !m4 ,i 0 ?9k+ ( y la/ night1 ,hull91 cri$ ,m>c1 com+ out ( 8 d51 & if y hadn't come ,i %\ld h gone all ! way to ! saw-mill to meet y4 ,sit d[n4 ,hexe-,baizel1 give ,hull9 a *air4 ,he himself sat ^u ! wide he>?1 ) 8 back to ! fire1 opposite ! op5 door1 ar\nd :i* blew ! w9ds ( ,alsace & ( ,switz]l&4 ,! view ?r\gh ! n>r[ op5+ 0 magnific5t--a rock-fram$ picture1 b h[ gr& a "o6 ,!re lay ! :ole valley ( ! ,rh9e1 & beyond ! m\nta9s melt+ into mi/4 ,! air1 too1 0 s fre% & pure1 & :5 ! blue expanse )\t tir$ ! eyes1 ! little fire )91 ) its r$1 danc+ flames1 0 !re to relieve !m4 ,m>c1 said ,hull91 aft] a mom5t's sil5ce1 c ,i speak be=e y\r wife8 ,x is ! same z speak+ to me alone4 ,well4 ,i h come to buy p[d] & lead ( y4 ,to %oot h>es1 ,i suppose1 return$ ! smuggl]1 half-clos+ 8 eye & gaz+ ke5ly at ,jean-,claude4 ,no2 to fight ! ,g]mans & ! ,russians4 ,!re 0 ano!r sil5ce4 ,& y want a good deal1 ,i suppose4 ,z mu* z y c furni%4 ,i c furni% ?ree ?\s& francs' wor? to-day1 said ! smuggl]4 ,i w take x4 ,& z mu* m 9 a week1 cont9u$ ,m>c calmly1 /ill gaz+ /eadily at 8 fri5d4 ,i w take x4 ,y w take x6 cri$ ,hexe-,baizel--y w take x6 ,i believe y1 b :o w pay = x8 ,sil5ce6 said ,m>c r\ghly4 #afh ,hull9 w take x2 8 ^w is en\gh4 ,!n1 /ret*+ out 8 broad h& to ! sabot-mak]1 he exclaim$3 ,jean-,claude1 "h is my h&6 ,! p[d] & lead are y\rs2 b ,i wi% to /& my %>e ( ! exp5se4 ,d y und]/&8 ,yes1 ,m>c1 b ,i int5d to pay at once4 ,he w pay himself1 cri$ ,hexe-,baizel4 ,d y he>8 ,am ,i deaf8 ,baizel1 g fet* u a bottle ( ,brimbelle-wass] to w>m u4 ,:at ,hull9 tells me fills me ) joy4 ,^? begg>ly ,kais]liks won't h ?+s g z easily z !y imag9e4 ,our p w def5d !mselves1 & well6 ,!y w6 !y w6 ,& !re are ^? among !m :o w pay = :at is ne$$4 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre w pay1 & x is %e :o s5ds me "h1 said ,hull94 ,!n ,m>c arose1 &1 ext5d+ 8 h& t[>d ! precipice1 exclaim$3 ,%e is a woman among a ?\s&4 ,h] s\l is z great z yond] rock1 ,ox5/e94 ,nev] saw ,i a gr&]4 ,i dr9k to h] heal?4 ,dr9k too1 ,jean-,claude4 ,hull9 drank1 & ,hexe-,baizel foll[$ ! example4 ,! b>ga9 is made1 cri$ ,dives2 b1 ,hull91 x w n be easy to beat back ! foe6 ,all ! hunt]s1 ! workm51 & ! wood-cutt]s 9 ! m\nta9 w n be too _m4 ,i h j come f beyond ! ,rh9e4 ,! e>? is black ) ,russians1 ,au/rians1 ,bav>ians1 ,prussians1 ,cossacks1 huss>s4 ,! villages _c conta9 !m1 & !y are encamp$ ^u ! pla9s1 9 ! valleys1 on ! heights1 9 ! cities1 ev]y:]e1 ev]y:]e6 ,a %>p cry pi]c$ ! air4 ,x is a buzz>d *as+ its prey1 said ,m>c4 ,at ! same in/ant a %ad[ pass$ ov] ! rock4 ,a cl\d ( *aff9*es & small birds swept ov] ! cave1 & hundr$s ( buzz>ds & hawks da%$ on above !m1 ) l\d screams4 ,s d5se & broad 0 ! fea!r$ mass1 t x seem$ almo/ immovable :ile ! flutt]+ ( s _m ?\s& w+s s\nd$ l dead leaves driv+ be=e ! w9d4 ,x is ! birds leav+ ,ard5nes1 said ,hull94 ,yes1 ! la/ ( !m4 ,_! corn & se$s are buri$ 9 ! sn[4 ,b !re are m m5 9 ! enemy's armies ?an birds yond]4 ,no matt]1 ,jean-,claude2 ,france w live ?\gh ! _w assail h]4 ,hexe-,baizel1 light ! lant]n2 ,i wi% to %[ ,jean-,claude our /ock ( ammunition4 ,hexe-,baizel c\ld n will+ly obey ?is comm&4 ,no "o1 said %e1 has be5 9 ! cave = tw5ty ye>s4 ,he c z well take y\r ^w = x4 ,we take 8 = paym5t4 ,i w n light ! lant]n--n ,i6 ,m>c1 )\t say+ a ^w1 /ret*$ =? 8 h& & grasp$ a /\t /ick4 ,! old woman1 trembl+ 9 e limb1 disappe>$ l a f]ret ?r\gh a small ap]ture1 & 9 a mom5t return$ ) a l>ge horn lant]n1 :i* ,dives tranquilly light$ at ! he>?4 ,baizel1 said he1 replac+ ! /ick1 y "k t ,jean-,claude is my fri5d1 & has be5 s9ce we 7 boys1 & t ,i w\ld tru/ him mu* soon] ?an ,i w\ld y1 old sn>l]2 = y "k well t if y did n fe> be+ hung ! same day1 ,i w\ld long s9ce h danc$ at ! end ( a rope4 ,come1 ,hull91 foll[ me4 #afi ,!y w5t out toge!r1 & ! smuggl]1 turn+ to ! left1 kept on t[>d ! not*1 :i* project$ ov] ! ,valt9 two hundr$ feet 9 ! air4 ,he pu%$ aside ! foliage ( a /unt$ oak1 & !n disappe>$ z if hurl$ into ! abyss4 ,jean-,claude trembl$1 b he saw at ! same mom5t ,dives's head advanc+ along ! wall ( rock4 ,! smuggl] call$ out3 ,hull91 place y\r h& on ! left side2 !re is a hole !re2 /ret* out y\r foot boldly2 y w feel a /ep1 & !n turn ^u y\r heel4 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude obey$1 n )\t fe> & trembl+2 he felt ! hole 9 ! rock1 f\nd ! /ep1 &1 turn+ half-way ar\nd1 pres5tly /ood face to face ) 8 fri5d 9 a ni*e :i* mu/ =m]ly h belong$ to "s po/]n4 ,at ! end ( ! ni*e a l[ vault op5$4 ,h[ 9 ! _w 0 ?is discov]$8 cri$ ! wond]+ ,hull94 ,i came on x :ile hunt+ = ne/s1 ?irty-five ye>s ago4 ,i _h (t5 se5 a magnific5t eagle ) 8 mate ^u ?is rock2 !y 7 spl5did birds1 full six feet across ! w+s4 ,i he>d ! cries ( _! "y beyond ! not*1 &1 aft] _m a trial1 f\nd myself "h4 ,:at a battle we _h6 ,!y tri$ to te> my eyes out1 & :5 ,i kill$ !m ,i cle>$ _! ne/ ( ! bones t lay !re aft] ,i _h twi/$ ! necks ( ! "y2 !n ,i kept on1 & y %all see :at ,i f\nd4 ,come4 ,!y glid$ toge!r b5ea? ! l[ & n>r[ vault1 =m$ ( enorm\s r$ /ones1 ov] :i* ! lant]n ?rew a sickly gl>e4 ,at ! end ( ab\t ?irty /eps a va/ circul> cave1 =m$ f ! liv+ rock1 appe>$1 on ! floor ( :i* 7 p]haps fifty piles ( little kegs1 & on ! sides a great numb] ( b>s ( lead & bags ( tobacco4 ,! air ( ! cav]n 0 /rongly impregnat$ ) ! /rong odor ( ! la/4 ,m>c plac$ 8 lant]n at ! entrance & gaz$ ar\nd ) a well-satisfi$ smile4 ,"h is :at ,i f\nd1 said he1 only ! cave 0 empty1 save t 9 ! middle ( ! floor yond] lay ! skeleton ( an animal--( a fox1 :i* _h probably di$ !re ( old age4 ,! rogue _h discov]$ ! way be=e ,i did1 & he c\ld sleep 9 safety "h4 ,at t "t1 ,jean-,claude1 ,i 0 twelve ye>s ( age4 ,i ?\ght !n t ! place might "s day be useful to me1 ,i knew n h[2 b aft]w>d1 :5 ,i made my fir/ essays at my trade ) ,jacob ,zimm]1 & :5 = two w9t]s ! rev5ue (fic]s 7 on our track1 ! remembrance ( my cave return$4 ,i _h made ! acqua9tance ( ,hexe-,baizel1 :o 0 a s]vant at ! f>m ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 !n own$ by ,ca!r9e's fa!r4 ,%e br\ght me tw5ty-five l\is by way ( d[ry1 & we set up our e/abli%m5t 9 ?is cav]n ( ! ,arb\si]s4 ,dives 0 sil5t1 & ,hull9 ask$3 ,y l ?is d51 !n8 ,l x6 ,i w\ld n *ange x = ! f9e/ h\se 9 ,/rasb\rg4 ,= tw5ty-?ree ye>s h ,i kept my goods "h--sug>1 c(fee1 p[d]1 tobacco1 br&y--& no "o ! wis]4 ,i h eight horses always on ! road4 ,b y enjoy no?+ ( y\r weal?4 ,enjoy no?+6 ,?9k y !re is no pleasure 9 mock+ & outwitt+ ! police--9 defy+ ! %rewd (ficials ( ! cu/om-h\se8 ,&1 besides1 ! p all love y2 y sell at half-price2 y are ! b5efactor ( ! poor4 #agj ,b ! dang]6 ,bah6 ,:at rev5ue (fic] w\ld d>e come "h8 ,i believe y1 mutt]$ ,hull91 z he ?\ght t he mu/ aga9 brave ! precipice4 ,b ,i am us$ to x1 cont9u$ ! smuggl]1 al?\gh1 :5 ,i fir/ made my way hi!r ) a cask on my %\ld]1 my he>t flutt]$ z x _h n = _m a day be=e4 ,he took up ! lant]n & held x s t ! light might fall ^u ! heaps ( kegs4 ,x is f9e ,engli% p[d]1 said he2 x rolls l gra9s ( silv] 9 y\r h&1 & is /rong z fate4 ,a little goes a long way2 a ?imbleful is en\gh = a *>ge4 ,& !re is lead t ,europe _c beat4 ,?is ev5+1 ,hexe-,baizel %all run "s into balls4 ,%e kn[s h[1 z y %all see4 ,!y turn$ to leave ! cav]n1 :5 sudd5ly a confus$ noise ( voices 0 borne ^u ! air4 ,m>c in/antly blew out ! lant]n1 & ! two m5 7 9 a mom5t plung$ 9 d>kness4 ,!re is "s "o above1 :isp]$ ! smuggl]4 ,:o 9 ! fi5d's "n c\ld h climb$ ,falk5/e9 9 ! sn[8 ,!y li/5$ brea?lessly1 _! eyes fix$ ^u a ray ( pale-blue light :i* desc5d$ ?r\gh a n>r[ fissure 9 ! top ( ! cave4 ,ar\nd ?is op5+ hung glitt]+ sp>s ( fro/2 above x c\ld be se5 ! cre/ ( a ru9$ wall4 ,:ile !y gaz$ ?us 9 pr(\nd sil5ce1 a head %aggy ) disord]$ hair1 a glitt]+ circlet b9d+ ! br[1 ! face long & end+ 9 a po9t$ r$ be>d--all %>ply outl9$ aga9/ ! :ite w9try sky--became visible4 ,x is ! ,k+ ( ,diamonds6 cri$ ,m>c1 laugh+4 ,poor wret*1 murmur$ ,hull92 he is mak+ a progress to 8 ca/les1 8 b>e feet ^u ! froz5 gr\nd1 & 8 t9 cr[n protect+ 8 head f ! cold4 ,look1 ,dives1 he is giv+ ord]s to ! knights ( 8 c\rt2 he /ret*es 8 sceptre nor? & s\?--all is 84 ,poor wret*1 he makes me %iv] to see him ) no?+ b 8 dog-sk9 robe ar\nd him4 ,he makes me ?9k1 laugh$ ! smuggl]1 ( "s r\nd-paun*$ burgoma/]1 or village mayor1 roll+ back 9 8 *air z he dilates ^u 8 weal?3 ',h'm1 ,i am ,hans ,ad52 ,i h t5 acres ( f9e mead[-l&2 ,i h two h\ses1 a v9e1 my or*>d1 my g>d5--h'm1 ,i h ?is1 t1 & ! o!r4' ,! next day a colic seizes him1 & !n1 good-night6 ,we are fools1 all ( u4 ,come1 ,hull91 aft] all1 ! sight ( t mis]able creature talk+ to ! w9ds & ( 8 fam9e-/rick5 cr[ makes my tee? *att] too4 ,!y pass$ on to ! entrance ( ! vault1 & ! gl>e ( day break+ sudd5ly ^u !m dazzl$ ,hull94 ,! tall =m ( 8 companion guid$ him1 h[ev]1 & he press$ on aft] him4 ,/ep firmly1 said ,m>c1 & d z y see me2 y\r "r h& 9 ! hole1 "r foot on ! /ep1 half a turn1 & "h we are6 ,!y return$ to ! kit*51 :]e ,hexe-,baizel told !m t ,yeg( 0 among ! ru9s4 ,at ! same mom5t ! rav5 sail$ pa/ ! door ov] ! abyss1 & utt]$ its ho>se cry2 !y he>d ! froz5 hea!r b5d b5ea? /eps1 & ! fool appe>$ on ! n>r[ t]race2 he 0 wan & hagg>d1 & cri$1 look+ t[>d ! fire3 #aga ,m>c-,dives1 try to leave ?is soon2 ,i w>n y4 ,! =tifications ( my doma9s mu/ be free f su* v]m94 ,take y\r measures accord+ly4 ,!n p]ceiv+ ,jean-,claude1 he knit 8 br[s4 ,?\ "h1 ,hull98 said he4 ,art ?\ yet f>-sight$ en\gh to accept ! proposals ,i deign$ to make !e8 ,kn[e/ ?\ t ! alliance ,i (f]$ is ! only means ( sav+ ?yself f ! de/ruction t broods ^u ?y race8 ,hull9 c\ld n avoid laugh+4 ,no1 ,yeg(1 he repli$2 my sight is n yet cle> en\gh2 x is daz$ by ! honor y (f] me4 ,b ,l\ise is n yet old en\gh to m>ry4 ,! fool seem$ at once to gr[ m gloomy & ?\ghtful4 ,he /ood at ! edge ( ! t]race1 8 back to ! abyss1 z if 9 8 own hall1 & ! :irl+ ( ! rav5 ar\nd 8 head di/urb$ him n 9 ! lea/4 ,at l5g? he rais$ 8 sceptre1 & said1 fr[n+3 ,i h twice dem&$ h]1 ,hull92 twice ?\ ha/ d>$ to refuse me4 ,once m %all ! dem& be r5ew$--b once--do/ he>8--& !n ! decrees ( fate %all be accompli%$4 ,& turn+ ^u 8 heel1 ) a firm /ep & haughty c>riage1 not)/&+ ! /eepness ( ! desc5t1 he pass$ d[n ! rocky pa?4 ,hull91 ,m>c-,dives1 & ev5 ! acrid ,hexe-,baizel1 bur/ into peals ( laught]4 ,he is a fool6 said ,hexe-,baizel4 ,i ?9k y are n altoge!r wrong1 sne]$ ! smuggl]4 ,poor ,yeg( is los+ 8 head entirely4 ,b li/51 ,baizel2 y w beg9 at once to ca/ bullets ( all calibres2 ,i am (f = ,switz]l&4 ,9 a week1 at late/1 ! rema9d] ( our munitions w be "h4 ,give me my boots4 ,draw+ on ! la/1 & wrapp+ a ?ick r$ wooll5 sc>f ab\t 8 neck1 ! smuggl] took f a hook on ! wall a h]dsman's d>k-gre5 coat :i* he ?rew ov] 8 %\ld]s2 !n1 cov]+ 8 head ) a broad felt hat & seiz+ a cudgel1 he cri$3 ,d n =get :at ,i say1 old woman1 or if y d1 bew>e6 ,=w>d1 ,jean-,claude6 ,hull9 foll[$ 8 ho/ )\t ev5 bidd+ ,hexe-,baizel f>ewell1 & %e1 = h] "p1 deign$ n to see h] dep>t+ gue/ to ! door4 ,:5 !y _h rea*$ ! foot ( ! cliff1 ,dives /opp$1 say+3 ,y are go+ to ! m\nta9 villages1 are y n1 ,hull98 ,yes2 ,i mu/ give ! al>m4 ,d n =get ,mat]ne ( ,h5g/ & 8 two sons1 & ,lab>be ( ,dagsb\rg1 & ,j]ome ( ,sa9t-,quir94 ,tell !m !re w be p[d] & ball 9 pl5ty2 t ,ca!r9e ,lefevre & ,i1 ,m>c-,dives1 w see to x4 ,fe> n1 ,m>c2 ,i "k my m54 ,!y %ook h&s w>mly & p>t$1 ! smuggl] w5d+ 8 way to ! "r t[>d ,donon1 ,hull9 tak+ ! pa? to ! left t[>d ! ,s>re4 ,! di/ance 0 rapidly wid5+ betwe5 !m1 :5 ,hull9 call$ out3 ,halloo1 ,m>c6 ,tell ,ca!r9e1 z y pass1 t all goes well1 & t ,i h gone among ! villages4 ,! o!r repli$ by a nod1 & ! two pursu$ _! diff]5t ways4 #agb ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,an unusual agitation reign$ along ! entire l9e ( ! ,vosges2 rumors ( ! com+ invasion spread f village to village4 ,p$l>s1 wagon]s1 t9k]s1 all t w&]+ population :i* is con/antly float+ f m\nta9 to pla91 f pla9 to m\nta91 br\ght ea* day budgets ( /range news f ,alsace & ! banks ( ! ,rh9e4 ,!y said t e t[n 0 be+ put 9 a /ate ( def5ce2 t ! roads to ,metz1 to ,nancy1 ,hun+ue1 & ,/rasb\rg1 7 black ) army & provision wagons4 ,on e side 7 to be se5 caissons ( p[d]1 %ells1 & %ot1 & cavalry1 infantry1 & artill]y hurry+ to _! po/s4 ,m>%al ,victor1 ) twelve ?\s& m51 yet held ! ,sav]ne road1 b ! draw-bridges ( all ! =tifi$ t[ns 7 rais$ f sev5 9 ! ev5+ until eight 9 ! morn+4 ,?+s look$ gloomy en\gh1 b ! great] numb] ?\ght only ( def5d+ _! homes1 & ,jean-,claude 0 ev]y:]e well receiv$4 ,! same day1 at ab\t five 9 ! ev5+1 he rea*$ ! top ( ,h5g/1 & /opp$ at ! dwell+ ( ! hunt]-patri>*1 old ,mat]ne4 ,!re he pass$ ! night2 = 9 w9t] ! days are %ort & ! roads difficult4 ,mat]ne promis$ to keep wat* ov] ! defile ( ,zorn1 ) 8 two sons1 ,kasp] & ,frantz1 & to respond to ! fir/ signal t %\ld be made f ,falk5/e94 ,e>ly ! next day1 ,jean-,claude arriv$ at ,dagsb\rg to see 8 fri5d ,lab>be ! wood-cutt]4 ,!y w5t toge!r to ! hamlets ar\nd1 to light 9 all he>ts ! love ( c\ntry4 ,lab>be accompani$ ,hull9 to ! cottage ( ! ,anabapti/ ,nickel1 a grave & respectable man1 b !y c\ld n draw him into _! glori\s ent]prise4 ,he _h b "o reply to all _! argum5ts4 ,x is well1 he said2 x is d\btless "r2 b ! ,scriptures say t he :o takes up ! sword %all p]i% by ! sword4 ,he promis$1 h[ev]1 to pray = ! good cause1 & t 0 all !y c\ld obta9 ( him4 ,!y w5t !nce to ,wals*1 :]e !y f\nd ,daniel ,hirs*1 an anci5t gunn] 9 ! navy1 :o promis$ to br+ ) him all ! m5 ( 8 commune4 ,"h ,lab>be left ,jean-,claude to pursue 8 r\te alone4 ,= a week m our brave fri5d w&]$ ov] ! m\nta9s1 f ,soldat5?al to ,leonsb]g1 f ,mei5?al to ,voy]1 ,cirey1 ,petit-,mont1 ,sa9t-,sauveur1 & ! n9? day he f\nd himself at ! %oemak] ,j]ome's1 at ,sa9t-,quir94 ,!y visit$ toge!r ! defile ( ,blanru1 aft] :i* ,hull91 entirely satisfi$ ) ! results ( 8 j\rney1 turn$ once m t[>d 8 village4 ,s9ce two o'clock 9 ! aft]noon he _h be5 press+ on at a brisk pace1 ?9k+ ( ! life ( ! camp1 ! biv\ac1 ! cra% ( battle1 m>*es & c\nt]m>*es--all ^? details ( a soldi]'s life :i* he regrett$ s (t5 & :i* he n[ look$ =w>d to ) ardor4 ,! twilight %ad[s _h begun to fall :5 he discov]$ ! village ( ,*>mes1 af> (f1 ) its little cottages1 f :i* curl$ wrea?s ( light-blue smoke1 sc>cely p]ceptible aga9/ ! sn[-cov]$ m\nta9-side1 its little g>d5s ) _! f5ces1 its slate-cov]$ ro(s1 & to ! left ! great f>m-h\se ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 & bel[1 9 ! already d>k rav9e1 ! saw-mill ( ,valt94 ,& !n1 )\t 8 kn[+ :y1 a sadness fill$ 8 he>t4 #agc ,he slack5$ 8 /eps2 ?\ghts ( ! calm1 peaceful life he 0 los+1 p]haps = ev]1 float$ ?r\gh 8 m9d2 he saw 8 little room1 s w>m 9 w9t] & s gay 9 spr+1 :5 he op5$ 8 w9d[ to ! breezes f ! woods2 he he>d ! nev]-*ang+ tick ( ! village clock2 & he ?\ght ( ,l\ise--8 good little ,l\ise--sp9n+ 9 sil5ce1 h] eyes ca/ d[n1 or1 mayhap1 s++ 9 h] pure1 cle> voice at ev5+4 ,ev]y?+ 9 8 home arose be=e 8 eyes3 ! tools ( 8 trade1 8 long1 glitt]+ *isels1 ! hat*et ) ! crook$ h&le1 ! porr+]s ( glaz$ e>!nw>e1 ! antique figure ( ,sa9t ,mi*ael nail$ to ! wall1 ! old curta9$ b$ 9 ! alcove1 ! lamp ) ! copp] beak--all 7 be=e him1 & ! te>s =c$ _! way to 8 eyes4 ,b x 0 to ,l\ise--8 de> *ild1 8 ,l\ise--t 8 ?\ghts turn$ (t5e/4 ,h[ %e w\ld weep & implore him n to expose himself to ! dang]s ( w>6 ,h[ %e w\ld hang ^u 8 neck & beg him n to leave h]6 ,he saw h] l>ge1 affright$ eyes2 he felt h] arms ar\nd him4 ,he w\ld fa9 deceive h]1 b deceit 0 no "p ( ,jean-,claude's "*2 8 words only deep5$ h] grief4 ,he tri$ to %ake (f 8 gloom1 &1 pass+ by ! f>m ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 he ent]$ to tell ,ca!r9e t all w5t well1 & t ! m\nta9e]s only await$ ! signal4 ,fifte5 m9utes lat]1 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude /ood be=e 8 own door4 ,be=e op5+ x1 he glanc$ ?r\gh ! w9d[ to see :at ,l\ise might be do+4 ,%e 0 /&+ 9 ! alcove1 & seem$ busily arrang+ & re>rang+ "s g>m5ts t lay ^u ! b$4 ,h] face beam$ ) happ9ess1 h] eyes sp>kl$1 & %e 0 talk+ to h]self al\d4 ,hull9 li/5$1 b ! rattl+ ( a pass+ wagon prev5t$ 8 he>+ h] words4 ,he pu%$ op5 ! door & ent]$1 say+3 ,l\ise1 "h ,i am back6 ,%e b\nd$ l a fawn to him & ?rew h] arms ar\nd 8 neck1 exclaim+3 ,x is y1 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude6 ,h[ ,i h be5 wait+ = y6 ,h[ long y 7 gone6 ,b y are home aga91 at la/4 ,my *ild--_m ?+s--said ! good man1 putt+ away 8 /aff beh9d ! door--_m ?+s kept-- ,b 8 he>t 0 too full2 he c\ld say no m4 ,yes1 yes1 ,i "k1 cri$ ,l\ise1 laugh+4 ,"m ,lefevre told me all4 ,h[ is t6 ,y "k all & only laugh8 ,well1 x proves y\r good s5se4 ,i expect$ to see y weep4 ,weep8 ,& :y1 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude8 ,oh6 nev] fe> = me2 ,i am brave4 ,y d n "k me4 ,h] air 0 s prettily resolute t ,hull9 c\ld n help smil+2 b 8 smile quickly disappe>$ :5 %e add$3 ,we are go+ to h w>2 we are go+ to fight1 to def5d ! m\nta9s6 ,we are go+6 ,we are go+6 exclaim$ ! good man1 a/\nd$4 ,c]ta9ly4 ,are we n8 %e ask$1 h] smile disappe>+ at once4 ,i mu/ leave y = "s "t1 my *ild4 ,leave me8 ,oh6 no1 no4 ,i w g ) y2 x is agre$4 ,see1 my little bundle is all ready1 & ,i am mak+ up y\rs4 ,d n be uneasy2 let me fix ev]y?+1 & y w be satisfi$4 ,hull9 /ood /upefi$4 ,b1 ,l\ise1 he cri$1 y are dream+4 ,?9k1 my *ild6 ,we mu/ pass long w9t] nights )\t a ro( to cov] u2 we mu/ be> h>d%ip1 fatigue1 cold1 sn[1 hung]1 & c\ntless dang]s6 ,a musket-ball w\ld m> my pretty bird's beauty4 #agd ,y are only try+ y\r little ,l\ise1 cri$ %e1 n[ 9 te>s1 & fl++ h]self ^u 8 neck4 ,y w n leave me "h alone4 ,b y w be bett] "h2 y w h a good fire & food4 ,besides1 y w receive news ( u e day4 ,no1 no6 ,i w g ) y2 ,i c>e n = cold4 ,& ,i h be5 %ut up "h too long2 ,i want ! fre% air4 ,! birds are out2 ! r$brea/s are out all w9t]2 & did ,i n "k :at hung] 0 :5 a *ild8 ,"m ,lefevre says ,i may g2 & w y :om ,i love s mu* be m cruel ?an %e8 ,brave ,jean-,claude sat d[n1 8 he>t full ( bitt] sorr[4 ,he turn$ away 8 head t %e might n see ! /ruggle go+ on )91 :ile ,l\ise eag]ly cont9u$3 ,i w be safe2 ,i w foll[ y4 ,! cold6 ,:at is ! cold to me8 ,& if y %\ld be w\nd$--if y %\ld wi% to see y\r little ,l\ise = ! la/ "t1 & %e n be ne> to take c>e ( y--to love y to ! la/6 ,oh6 y mu/ ?9k me h>d-he>t$6 ,%e sobb$2 ,hull9 c\ld hold out no long]4 ,is x inde$ true t ,"m ,lefevre cons5ts8 he ask$4 ,yes1 yes1 oh6 yes1 %e told me s2 %e said1 ',try to get ,fa!r ,jean-,claude to let y2 ,i am satisfi$4' ,well1 said ! sabot-mak]1 smil+ sadly1 ,i c d little aga9/ two4 ,y %all come6 ,x is agre$4 ,! cottage e*o$ ) h] cry ( joy1 & ) "o sweep ( h] h& h] te>s 7 dri$1 & h] face1 l an ,april sky1 beam$ 9 smiles4 ,y are a little gypsy /ill1 cri$ ,hull91 %ak+ 8 head4 ,g trap a swall[4 ,!n1 draw+ h] to him1 he cont9u$3 ,look y1 ,l\ise3 x is n[ twelve ye>s s9ce ,i f\nd y 9 ! sn[4 ,y 7 blue ) ! cold1 poor *ild2 & :5 ,i br\ght y to ! fire & w>m$ y1 ! fir/ ?+ y did 0 to smile at me1 & s9ce t day y\r smile has rul$ old ,jean-,claude4 ,b let u look at our bundles1 said ! good man ) a sigh4 ,are !y well fa/5$8 ,he approa*$ ! b$1 & saw 9 wond] 8 w>me/ coats1 8 flannel jackets1 all well bru%$1 well fold$1 & well pack$4 ,!n 9 ,l\ise's bundle 7 h] be/ dresses & h] ?ick %oes4 ,he c\ld n re/ra9 a laugh1 z he cri$3 ,o gypsy1 gypsy6 ,x takes y to pack up4 ,l\ise smil$4 ,!n y are satisfi$ ) !m8 %e ask$4 ,i mu/ be2 b 9 ! mid/ ( all ?is f9e "w1 y did n ?9k1 ,i'll wag]1 ( gett+ ready my supp]4 ,t is soon done1 said %e1 al?\gh ,i did n "k y w\ld return to-night1 ,papa ,jean-,claude4 ,t is true2 b get some?+ ready quickly2 no matt] :at1 = my appetite is %>p4 ,9 ! meantime ,i w smoke a pipe4 ,yes1 smoke a pipe4 ,he sat at ! corn] ( 8 "w-b5* & drumm$ dreamily ^u x4 ,l\ise flew to "r & left l a v]itable fairy1 k9dl+ up ! fire1 break+ eggs1 & 9 ! tw9kle ( an eye %e _h an omelette ready4 ,nev] _h %e look$ s graceful1 s joy\s1 s pretty4 ,hull9 lean$ 8 *eek ^u 8 h& & gaz$ at h] gravely1 ?9k+ h[ mu* firmness1 w1 resolution1 !re 0 9 t little =m1 light z an antelope1 b decid$ z a cuirassi]4 ,9 a mom5t %e _h laid ! omelette be=e him on a l>ge plate1 ornam5t$ ) blue fl[]s1 a loaf ( bread1 8 glass1 & 8 bottle ( w9e4 #age ,!re1 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude1 eat y\r supp]4 ,! fire leap$ & crackl$ 9 ! /ove1 ?r[+ ruddy /a9s on ! l[ raft]s1 ! /airs half 9 %ad[ & ! l>ge b$ 9 ! alcove1 & light+ up ! poor dwell+ s (t5 made joy\s by ! m]ry humor ( ! sabot-mak] & ! songs ( 8 daught]4 ,& ,l\ise w\ld leave all ?is )\t regret to brave ! w9try woods1 ! sn[-cov]$ pa?s1 & ! /eep m\nta9-side1 & all = love ( him4 ,nei!r /orm1 nor bit+ w9d1 nor torr5ts /aid h]4 ,%e _h b "o ?\ght1 & t 0 to be ne> him4 ,! repa/ end$1 ,hull9 arose1 say+3 ,i am we>y1 my *ild2 kiss me = good-night4 ,b d n =get to awake me1 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude1 if y />t be=e daybreak4 ,re/ easy2 y w come ) u1 he answ]$1 z he climb$ ! n>r[ /airs4 ,all 0 sil5ce )\t1 save t ! deep tones ( ! village clock told ! h\r ( elev54 ,jean-,claude sat d[n & unfa/5$ 8 %oes4 ,j !n 8 eyes fell ^u 8 musket hung ov] ! door4 ,he took x d[n1 sl[ly wip$ x1 & tri$ ! lock4 ,8 :ole s\l 0 9 ! "w 9 :i* he 0 engag$4 ,x is /range--/range6 ,! la/ "t ,i fir$ x 0 at ,m>5go--f\rte5 ye>s ago1 & x seems b ye/]day4 ,sudd5ly ! froz5 sn[ crun*$ b5ea? a foot-fall4 ,he li/5$4 ,two taps s\nd$ ^u ! w9d[-panes4 ,he ran & op5$ ! door1 & ! =m ( ,m>c-,dives1 8 broad hat /iff ) ice1 em]g$ f ! d>kness4 ,m>c6 ,:at news8 ,h y w>n$ ,mat]ne1 ,j]ome1 ,lab>be8 ,yes1 all4 ,x is none too soon2 ! enemy are advanc+4 ,advanc+8 ,yes2 along _! :ole l9e4 ,i h come fifte5 leagues s9ce morn+ to give y w>n+4 ,good4 ,we mu/ make ! signal3 a fire ^u ,falk5/e94 ,hull9's face 0 pale1 b 8 eyes fla%$4 ,he aga9 put on 8 %oes1 & two m9utes aft]1 ) 8 cloak ^u 8 %\ld]s & 8 /aff firmly cl9*$ 9 8 h&1 he op5$ ! door s(tly1 & ) long /eps foll[$ ,m>c-,dives along ! pa? to ,falk5/e94 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,f midnight until six o'clock 9 ! morn+ a flame %one ?r\gh ! d>kness f ! summit ( ,falk5/e94 ,all ,hull9's fri5ds1 & ^? ( ,m>c-,dives & ,"m ,lefevre1 ) high gait]s b\nd ar\nd _! legs1 & old muskets ^u _! %\ld]s1 troop$ 9 ! sil5ce ( ! woods to ! gorges ( ! ,valt94 ,! ?\ght ( ! enemy p\r+ ov] ! pla9s ( ,alsace to surprise _! gl5s & defiles n]v$ e he>t & arm4 ,! tocs9 at ,dagsb\rg1 at ,wals*1 & at ,sa9t-,quir9 ceas$ n to call ! c\ntry's def5d]s to arms4 ,imag9e ! ,jaeg]?al1 at ! foot ( ! old burg1 9 ! e>ly morn+ h\r1 :5 ! giant arms ( ! trees beg9 to break ?r\gh ! %ad[s1 & :5 ! approa* ( day s(t5s some:at ! int5se cold ( ! night4 ,! sn[ lies deep ^u ! gr\nd4 #agf ,imag9e ! old saw-pit ) its flat ro(1 its heavy :eel glitt]+ ) icicles2 a fire ( sawdu/ %9+ f )91 b pal+ be=e ! morn+ twilight1 & ar\nd ! fire fur caps & sl\*$ hats & d>k faces cr[d$ toge!r2 fur!r on1 9 ! woods1 & along ! w9d+ valley1 7 o!r fires light+ up gr\ps ( m5 & wom5 seat$ on ! sn[4 ,z ! sky grew bright] fri5ds began to recognize ea* o!r4 ,hold6 ,!re is ,c\s9 ,daniel ( ,soldat5?al4 ,y "h too8 ,z y see1 ,he9ri*1 & my wife too4 ,:at6 ,c\s9 ,nanette6 ,b :]e is %e8 ,yond]1 by ! l>ge oak1 at ,uncle ,hans's fire4 ,!y clasp ea* o!r's h&4 ,"s slept1 "s pil$ bran*es & brok5 planks ^u ! fires4 ,flasks pass$ ar\nd1 & ^? :o _h w>m$ !mselves made way = _! %iv]+ neighbors4 ,b impati5ce 0 ga9+ ^u ! cr[d4 ,ah6 cri$ "o1 we h n come "h only to /ret* our legs4 ,x is "t to look ar\nd1 to agree ^u our movem5ts4 ,yes6 yes6 let u organize & elect our lead]s6 cri$ _m4 ,no2 all are n yet "h4 ,!y are yet com+ f ,dagsb\rg & ,sa9t-,quir91 repli$ o!rs4 ,inde$1 z day advanc$1 ! pa?ways ( ! m\nta9 seem$ full ( p4 ,!re 7 already "s hundr$s 9 ! valley--wood-cutt]s1 *>coal-burn]s1 & o!rs--)\t c\nt+ ! wom5 & *ildr54 ,no?+ c\ld be m picturesque ?an t halt 9 ! sn[1 at ! bottom ( a defile cov]$ to ! cl\ds ) high firs2 to ! "r1 valley foll[+ valley z f> z ! eye c\ld rea*2 to ! left1 ! ru9s ( ,falk5/e91 rea*+1 z x seem$1 to ! sky2 & be=e y gr\ps ( ?ickly be>d$ m5 ) gloomy br[s1 broad squ>e %\ld]s1 & h&s call\s f labor4 ,"s ( !m1 tall] ?an _! fell[s1 7 r$-hair$ & :ite-sk9n$1 & seem$ /rong z ! oaks ( ! =e/4 ,( ?is numb] 7 old ,mat]ne ( ,h5g/ & 8 two sons1 ,frantz & ,kasp]4 ,^! ?ree1 arm$ ) %ort ,innspruck rifles1 _! high gait]s ( blue canvas ) lea!r buttons rea*+ above ! knee1 _! bodies cov]$ ) h>e-sk9 jackets1 & _! sl\*$ hats pu%$ f> back ^u _! heads1 did n deign to approa* ! fire4 ,s9ce "o o'clock !y _h sat ^u ! fell$ trunk ( a fir by ! bord] ( ! brook1 _! eyes con/antly on ! wat*1 & _! feet buri$ 9 ! sn[4 ,f "t to "t ! old man w\ld say to 8 sons3 ,:at are !y %iv]+ = yond]8 ,i nev] saw a mild] night at ?is season2 x is a f9e hunt+ night2 ! brooks are n yet froz54 ,e hunt] z he pass$ press$ _! h&s1 & !n jo9$ 8 fell[s1 :o =m$ a sep>ate b&1 among :om b few words pass$1 = sil5ce is "o ( ! great virtues ( ! *ase4 ,m>c-,dives1 /&+ 9 ! middle ( ano!r gr\p1 ov] :om he t[]$ by a head1 talk$ & ge/iculat$1 n[ po9t+ to "o "p ( ! m\nta91 n[ to ano!r4 ,opposite him 0 ! old h]dsman ,lag>mitte1 9 8 gray smock-frock1 8 dog at 8 side4 ,he 0 li/5+ op5-m\!d to ! smuggl]1 & f "t to "t gravely nodd$ 8 head4 ,! rema9d] ( ! gr\p 0 compos$ ( wood-cutt]s & workm5 ) :om ,m>c _h daily deal+s4 #agg ,betwe5 ! saw-pit & ! fir/ fire sat ! %oemak] ,j]ome ( ,sa9t-,quir91 a man betwe5 fifty & sixty ye>s ( age2 8 eyes 7 sunk51 8 face long & br[n1 & 8 yell[ be>d desc5d$ to 8 wai/2 8 head 0 cov]$ ) an ott]-sk9 cap2 & z he lean$ =w>d ^u a heavy knott$ /aff1 9 8 long wooll5 great-coat1 he might easily h be5 mi/ak5 = "s h]mit ( ! wilds4 ,:5ev] any "o approa*$ ) news1 ,fa!r ,j]ome sl[ly turn$ 8 head & li/5$ ) b5t br[s4 ,jean ,lab>be sat motionless1 8 elb[ re/+ ^u 8 axe-helve4 ,he 0 a pale man1 ) an aquil9e nose & ?9 lips1 & ex]cis$ a great influ5ce ov] ! m5 ( ,dagsb\rg by ! resolution & =ce ( 8 "*4 ,:5 ^? ar\nd him cri$ out = action1 he simply said1 ,wait2 ,hull9 has n arriv$ yet1 nor ,ca!r9e ,lefevre4 ,!re is no hurry1 & all ar\nd became quiet4 ,piorette1 a little1 dry1 ?91 en]getic man1 ) eyebr[s meet+ ov] 8 nose1 & a %ort pipe betwe5 8 tee?1 sat at ! ?re%old ( ! saw-mill1 & gaz$ ) a quick b ?\ghtful eye at ! sc5e4 ,nev]!less1 ! impati5ce increas$ e m9ute4 ,a few village mayors 9 cock$ hats call$ ^u _! p to delib]ate4 ,happily ! wagon ( ,ca!r9e ,lefevre at la/ appe>$1 & a ?\s& en?usia/ic %\ts arose on all sides4 ,"h !y are6 ,!y h come6 ,old ,mat]ne /ood up ^u ! trunk ( a tree & !n desc5d$1 gravely say+3 ,x is !y4 ,mu* excitem5t n[ prevail$2 ! scatt]$ gr\ps collect$4 ,sc>cely c\ld ! old woman be se5 di/9ctly1 seat$ ^u a truss ( /raw ) ,l\ise by h] side1 :5 ! e*oes rang ) ! cry3 ,long live ,france6 ,long live ,"m ,ca!r9e6 ,hull91 beh9d1 8 musket /rapp$ ^u 8 back1 0 cross+ ! field ( ,ei*ma?1 grasp+ h&s & salut+ 8 fri5ds3 ,is x y1 ,daniel8 ,good-morn+1 ,colon6 ,ha6 ,?+s look /ormy1 ,hull94 ,yes1 yes2 we %all soon h lively times4 ,y "h1 old ,j]ome6 ,:at ?9k y ( ! /ate ( affairs8 ,all w yet g well1 ,jean-,claude1 ) ,god's help4 ,ca!r9e1 :5 %e arriv$ 9 front ( ! saw-mill1 ord]$ ,lab>be to op5 ! little cask ( br&y %e _h br\ght f ! f>m-h\se4 ,hull91 approa*+ ! fire1 met ,mat]ne & 8 two sons4 ,y come late1 said ! old hunt]4 ,true1 b !re 0 mu* to be done1 & too mu* yet rema9s to be done to lose m "t4 ,lag>mitte1 w9d y\r horn4 ,lag>mitte blew until 8 *eeks seem$ bur/+1 & ! gr\ps scatt]$ along ! pa?1 & at ! skirts ( ! wood ha/5$ to assemble1 & soon all 7 collect$ be=e ! saw-mill4 ,hull9 m\nt$ a pile ( logs1 & spoke amid ! deepe/ sil5ce3 ,! enemy1 said he1 cross$ ! ,rh9e ! night be=e la/4 ,he is press+ on to our m\nta9s to ent] ,lorra9e4 ,/rasb\rg & ,hun+ue are blockad$4 ,9 ?ree or f\r days at mo/ ! ,g]mans & ! ,russians w be ^u u4 ,a %\t ( ,long live ,france6 arose4 ,ay1 long live ,france6 cri$ ,jean-,claude2 =1 if ! allies rea* ,p>is1 all our lib]ties are gone6 ,=c$ labor1 ti!s1 privileges1 & gibbets w fl\ri% once m4 ,if y wi% t !y %\ld1 let ! allies pass4 #agh ,a d>k sc[l seem$ to settle on e man's face4 ,i h said :at ,i h to say6 cri$ ,hull91 pale ) emotion4 ,z y are "h1 y are "h to fight6 ,ay1 to fight6 ,x is well2 b "o ^w m4 ,i w\ld n deceive y2 ,i see among y fa!rs ( families4 ,we w be "o aga9/ t5--aga9/ fifty4 ,we mu/ expect to p]i%6 ,!re=e1 let ^? ^: he>ts may gr[ fa9t ere ! end comes1 g4 ,all are free6 ,ea* 9 ! cr[d look$ r\nd to see 8 neighbors' faces1 b no "o left 8 place4 ,jean-,claude spoke 9 a firm] tone3 ,no "o moves6 ,all are ready = battle6 ,a *ief--a lead]--mu/ be nam$1 = 9 times ( dang] ev]y?+ dep5ds on ord] & discipl9e4 ,he :om y %all appo9t mu/ be obey$ 9 all ?+s4 ,reflect well1 = on him dep5ds ! fate ( e "o ( u4 ,s say+1 ,jean-,claude desc5d$ f 8 tribune1 & e>ne/ voices began at once to :isp] 9 ! cr[d4 ,e village delib]at$ sep>ately2 ea* mayor propos$ 8 man2 "t pass$2 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre burn$ ) anxiety & impati5ce4 ,at l5g? %e c\ld conta9 h]self no long]1 & ris+ ^u h] seat %e made a sign t %e wi%$ to speak4 ,my fri5ds1 said %e1 "t flies2 ! enemy is advanc+4 ,:at d we ne$8 ,a man :om we c tru/2 a soldi] acqua9t$ ) w>1 & kn[+ h[ to pr(it by ! /r5g? ( m]e positions4 ,well1 :y n *oose ,hull98 ,c any among y "n a bett]8 ,i propose ,hull96 ,hull96 ,hull96 cri$ ,lab>be1 ,dives1 ,j]ome1 & _m o!rs4 ,let u h a vote6 ,m>c-,dives1 climb+ ! pile ( logs1 %\t$ 9 a voice ( ?und]3 ,let ^? :o are oppos$ to hav+ ,jean-,claude ,hull9 = our lead]1 raise _! h&s6 ,n a h& rose4 ,let ^? :o wi% ,jean-,claude ,hull9 to be our *ief1 raise _! h&s6 ,e h& rose4 ,jean-,claude1 said ! smuggl]1 y are ! man4 ,come hi!r4 ,look6 ,jean-,claude m\nt$ ! logs1 & see+ t he 0 elect$1 said calmly3 ,y "n me y\r *ief4 ,i accept4 ,let old ,mat]ne1 ,lab>be ( ,dagsb\rg1 ,j]ome ( ,sa9t-,quir91 ,m>c-,dives1 ,piorette ! sawy]1 & ,ca!r9e ,lefevre ent] ! saw-mill4 ,we w hold a c\ncil1 & 9 tw5ty m9utes ,i w give my ord]s4 ,9 ! meantime let e village detail two m5 to g to ,falk5/e9 ) ,m>c-,dives = p[d] & ball4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,^? :om ,hull9 nam$ met 9 ! hut atta*$ to ! saw-mill ar\nd ! imm5se *imney4 ,a sob] sort ( m]rim5t seem$ to play ab\t ! face ( m ?an "o4 ,= tw5ty ye>s ,i h he>d p talk+ ( ^! ,russians & ,au/rians & ,cossacks1 said old ,mat]ne1 smil+1 & ,i %all n be sorry to see "o at ! muzzle ( my rifle4 ,yes1 answ]$ ,lab>be2 we %all see en\gh ( !m at la/1 & ! little *ildr5 ( to-day w h _m a tale to tell ( _! fa!rs & _! gr&sires4 ,& h[ ! old wom5 ( fifty ye>s h5ce w *att] ( x at ev5+ ar\nd ! w9t] fire6 #agi ,comrades1 cri$ ,hull91 y "k ! c\ntry--y "k our m\nta9s f ,?ann to ,wissemb\rg4 ,y "k t two gr& roads--! imp]ial roads--trav]se ,alsace & ! ,vosges4 ,bo? />t+ f ,ble1 "o runs along ! ,rh9e to ,/rasb\rg1 & ent]s ,lorra9e by ,sav]ne4 ,hun+ue1 ,neuf-,brisa*1 ,/rasb\rg1 & ,phalsb\rg def5d x4 ,! o!r turns to ! left to ,s*le/adt4 ,leav+ ,s*le/adt1 x ent]s ! m\nta9s1 & passes on to ,sa9t-,di1 ,raon-l',etape1 ,bacc>at1 & ,lunville4 ,! enemy w\ld l to =ce ! passage ( ^! two roads1 z !y are ! be/ = cavalry1 artill]y1 & wagons2 b1 z !y are well def5d$1 we ne$ n tr\ble our ab\t !m4 ,if ! allies lay siege to ! cities ^u !m1 ! campaign w be dragg$ out to a great l5g?1 & we %all h no?+ to fe>2 b ?is is n probable4 ,aft] hav+ summon$ ,hun+ue to surr5d]1 & ,bel=t1 ,s*le/adt1 ,/rasb\rg1 & ,phalsb\rg1 on ?is side ( ! ,vosges1 & ,bit*e1 ,lutzel/e91 & ,s>rebrck1 on ! o!r1 !y w fall ^u u4 ,n[1 li/54 ,betwe5 ,phalsb\rg & ,sa9t-,di !re are sev]al defiles practicable = infantry1 b only "o = cannon1 t is1 ! road f ,/rasb\rg to ,raon-les-,leaux1 by ,urmatt1 ,mutzig1 ,lutzelh\se1 ,phramond1 & ,gr&fonta9e4 ,once ma/]s ( ?is road1 ! allies c deb\* 9 ,lorra9e4 ,?is road passes u at ,donon1 two leagues h5ce1 to our "r4 ,! fir/ ?+ to be done is1 to e/abli% ourselves ^u x at ! place mo/ favorable = def5ce--t is1 ^u ! plateau on ! m\nta92 to break d[n ! bridges1 & ?r[ heavy abatis across x4 ,a few hundr$ l>ge trees1 ) _! bran*es1 w d ! "w1 & "u _! cov] we c wat* ! approa* ( ! foe4 ,all ?is1 comrades1 mu/ be done by to-morr[ night1 or by ! day aft]1 at ! late/4 ,b x is n en\gh to occupy a position & put x 9 a good /ate ( def5ce4 ,we mu/ see t ! enemy _c turn x4 ,t is j :at ,i 0 ?9k+1 said old ,mat]ne4 ,once 9 ! valley ( ! ,bru*e1 & ! ,g]mans c br+ _! infantry to ! hills ( ,hasla*1 & turn our left2 & !re is no?+ to h9d] _! try+ ! same movem5t ^u our "r1 if !y ga9 ,raon-l',etape4 ,yes2 b to prev5t _! do+ ei!r1 we h only to occupy ! defiles ( ! ,zorn & ( ! ,s>re on our left1 & t ( ,blanru on our "r4 ,we mu/ def5d a defile by hold+ ! heights1 &1 = t purpose1 ,piorette w place himself1 ) a hundr$ m51 on ! side ( ,raon-les-,leaux2 ,j]ome1 on ,grosmann1 ) ! same numb]1 to close ! valley ( ! ,s>re2 & ,lab>be1 at ! head ( ! rema9 on ! m\nta91 w ov]look ! hills ( ,hasla*4 ,y w *oose y\r m5 f ^? belong+ to ! villages ne>e/ y\r /ations4 ,! wom5 mu/ n h f> to come to br+ provisions1 & ! w\nd$ w be ne>] home4 ,! *iefs ( ea* position w s5d me a report ea* day1 by a mess5g]1 on foot1 to ,donon1 :]e w be our headqu>t]s4 ,we w organize a res]ve also2 b x w be "t en\gh to see to t :5 our positions are tak51 & no surprise f ! enemy is to be fe>$4 ,& ,i1 cri$ ,m>c-,dives1 am ,i to h no?+ to d8 ,am ,i to sit ) fold$ arms :ile all ! re/ are fight+8 #ahj ,y w sup]9t5d ! transport+ ( our munitions4 ,no "o among u und]/&s keep+ p[d] z y d--pres]v+ x f fire & damp--or ca/+ bullets & mak+ c>tridges4 ,t is a woman's "w1 cri$ ! smuggl]4 ,hexe-,baizel c d x z well z ,i4 ,am ,i n to fire a %ot8 ,re/ easy1 ,m>c1 repli$ ,hull91 laugh+2 y w f9d pl5ty ( *ances4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ,falk5/e9 is ! c5tre ( our l9e--our ars5al & po9t ( retreat1 9 case ( mis=tune4 ,! enemy w "k by 8 sc\ts t our wagons />t f !re1 & w probably try to int]cept !m4 ,%ots & bayonet-?ru/s w n be want+4 ,besides1 we _c confide ! secret ( y\r cave to ! fir/ com]4 ,h[ev]1 if y insi/-- ,no1 said ! smuggl]1 :om ,hull9's' reflections ^u ! cave t\*$ at once4 ,no2 all ?+s well consid]$1 ,i believe y are "r1 ,jean-,claude4 ,i w def5d ,falk5/e94 ,well1 !n1 comrades1 cri$ brave ,jean-,claude1 we w w>m our he>ts ) a few glasses ( w9e4 ,x is n[ t5 o'clock4 ,let ea* "o return to 8 village1 & see to ! provisions4 ,to-morr[ morn+1 at ! late/1 ! defiles mu/ be occupi$4 ,!y left ! hut toge!r1 & ,hull91 9 ! pres5ce ( all assembl$1 nam$ ,lab>be1 ,j]ome1 & ,piorette *iefs ( ! defiles2 !n he ord]$ ^? :o came f ! ,s>re to meet1 z soon z possible1 ne> ! f>m ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 ) axes1 picks1 & muskets4 ,we w />t at two1 said he1 & encamp on ,donon1 across ! road4 ,to-morr[1 at daybreak1 we w beg9 our abatis4 ,he kept old ,mat]ne1 & 8 two sons1 ,frantz & ,kasp]1 by him1 tell+ !m t ! battle w\ld surely beg9 on ,donon1 & %>p-%oot]s w\ld be ne$$ !re4 ,"m ,lefevre nev] seem$ s happy4 ,%e m\nt$ h] wagon1 & :isp]$1 z %e embrac$ ,l\ise3 ,all goes well4 ,jean-,claude is a man4 ,he a/oni%es me1 :o h kn[n him =ty ye>s4 ,jean-,claude1 %e cri$1 breakfa/ is wait+1 & a few old bottles :i* ! ,au/rians w n dr9k4 ,good ,ca!r9e1 ,i am com+4 ,b z he /ruck ! horses ) ! :ip1 & z ! m\nta9e]s _h j begun to scatt] on _! way to _! villages1 !y saw1 on ! road to ,trois-,fonta9es1 a tall1 ?9 man1 m\nt$ ^u a r$ m>e2 8 h>e-sk9 cap1 ) a wide peak1 pull$ well d[n ^u 8 head4 ,a great %eph]d-dog1 ) long black hair1 b\nd$ beside him2 & ! skirts ( 8 huge ov]coat float$ l w+s beh9d him4 ,x is ,dr4 ,lorqu91 f ! pla91 exclaim$ ,ca!r9e2 he :o at ! poor = no?+2 & t is 8 dog ,pluto ) him4 ,x 0 inde$ he1 :o ru%$ among ! cr[d1 %\t+3 ,halt6 /op6 ,halt1 ,i say6 ,8 ruddy face1 l>ge1 quick eyes1 be>d ( a r$di%-br[n1 broad1 squ>e %\ld]s1 tall horse1 & dog1 9 a mom5t appe>$ at ! foot ( ! m\nta94 ,gasp+ = brea?1 he %\t$1 9 8 excitem5t3 ,ah ! villa9s6 ,!y want$ to beg9 ! campaign )\t me6 ,!y %all pay = x6 ,&1 /rik+ a little box he c>ri$ at 8 crupp]1 he cont9u$3 ,wait a:ile1 my f9e fell[s1 wait a:ile6 ,i h "s ?+s "h y'll want by & by2 little knives & great ones--r\nd & po9t$ ones--to cut out ! bullets & cani/] y\r fri5ds yond] w treat y to4 #aha ,s say+1 he bur/ into a gruff peal ( laught]1 :ile ! fle% ( 8 he>]s crept4 ,aft] ?is agreeable pleasantry1 ,dr4 ,lorqu9 said gravely3 ,hull91 y\r e>s %\ld be cut (f6 ,:5 ! c\ntry 0 to be def5d$1 0 ,i to be =gott58 ,x seems to me t a surgeon might be useful "h1 al?\gh may ,god s5d y no ne$ ( "o6 ,p>don me1 doctor2 x 0 my fault1 repli$ ,hull91 press+ 8 h&4 ,= ! la/ week ,i h _h s _m ?+s to ?9k ( t "s escap$ me1 9 spite ( myself4 ,b a man l y ne$ n be call$ ^u by me to d 8 duty4 ,! doctor s(t5$4 ,x is all well & good1 he cri$2 b by y\r fault ,i am "h late4 ,b :]e is y\r g5]al8 ,i w compla9 to him4 ,i am g5]al4 ,inde$6 ,& ,i appo9t y surgeon-9-*ief4 ,surgeon-9-*ief ( ! p>tisans ( ! ,vosges4 ,v good1 ,jean-,claude4 ,&1 approa*+ ! wagon 9 :i* ,ca!r9e 0 seat$1 ! doctor told h] t he reli$ ^u h] to organize ! hospital dep>tm5t4 ,v well1 %e answ]$2 =w>d4 ,y d9e ) u1 doctor4 ,! wagon />t$1 & all ! way ! brave doctor laugh+ly told ,ca!r9e h[ ! news ( ! ris+ rea*$ him2 h[ 8 old h\se-keep] ,m>ie 0 wild ) grief1 & tri$ to keep him f go+ to be massacr$ by ! ,kais]liks2 ! diff]5t episodes ( 8 j\rney f ,quibolo to ! village ( ,*>mes4 ,hull9 & ,mat]ne & 8 sons m>*$ a few paces 9 ! re>1 _! rifles on _! %\ld]s2 & ?us !y rea*$ ! f>m ( ,bois-de-,*nes4 ---------- ,ca?olicity ,& ,pan!ism4 ,numb] ,"o4 ,introductory4 ,man is made = tru?4 ,! ray ( intellig5ce beam+ f 8 c\nt5ance & k9dl+ 8 looks ) life m>ks 8 sup]iority ov] all inf]ior creation1 & l\dly proclaims ?is fact4 ,intellig5ce mu/ h an object2 & :at c ?is object be b tru?8 ,z a necess>y consequ5ce f ?is fact1 x foll[s t error c be no?+ else ?an fragm5ts ( tru?2 ill-assort$1 improp]ly jo9$ toge!r4 ,error does n consi/ 9 :at logicians call simple ideas1 or self-evid5t propositions2 b 9 complex ideas1 ! result ( a long *a9 ( syllogisms4 ,ano!r consequ5ce1 closely alli$ to ! fir/1 is1 t ! great] ! error1 ! m univ]sal & m widely spread1 ! m p>ticul> tru?s x mu/ conta94 ,or1 if x does n conta9 a great] numb] ( p>tial tru?s1 x mu/ h ! p[] ( app>5tly satisfy+ a real & preval5t t5d5cy ( our m9d1 o!rwise x w\ld nev] ex]t dom9ion ov] ! intellig5ce2 or else x mu/ possess ! secret ( awak5+ & allur+ a true & imp]ative aspiration ( our nature4 #ahb ,x is ?r\gh ^! views t we h be5 enabl$ to expla9 to ourselves ! preval5ce ( ,pan!ism4 ,! simple utt]ance ( ! ^w ,pan!ism1 ! ,deity ( ev]y?+1 w\ld seem to c>ry its refutation ) x1 s pla9 & evid5t is its falsehood1 s gl>+ its absurdity4 ,pan!ism1 h[ev]1 has be5 ! univ]sal error 9 "t & space4 ,9 ,india1 ,p]sia1 ,*9a1 ,greece1 ,rome1 ,pan!ism fl\ri%$2 n[ "u a religi\s1 & !n "u a philosophical =m4 ,aft] ! ,*ri/ian era x 0 ! religion or sy/em ( ^? :o did n und]/& ! ,*ri/ian dogmas z taught by ! *ur*2 & ! fa!rs ( ! fir/ c5turies1 9 battl+ aga9/ ,gno/icism1 ,eclecticism1 & ,neoplatonism1 7 /ruggl+ ) ?is old error ( ! _w--,pan!ism4 ,depress$ = a:ile by ! ef=ts ( ! doctors ( ! *ur*1 x arose ) fi]c] en]gy "u ! =ms ( all ^? h]esies :i* attack$ ! dogma ( ! ,inc>nation ( ! ,^w4 ,9 ! middle ages !re 7 _m philosoph]s :o held ,pan!ism2 & 9 mod]n times1 s9ce ! dawn ( ! ,re=mation1 x has become ! preval5t1 ! absorb+ error ( ! _w4 ,always ! same z to sub/ance1 x assumes e v>iety ( =m3 n[ y see x 9 a logical dress1 z 9 ! doctr9e ( ! ,g]man s*ool2 aga9 x takes a psy*ological g>b1 z 9 t ( ! ,fr5* s*ool ) ,c\s9 at its head2 or x assumes a social & political =m1 z 9 ! ,pan!ism ( ,f\ri]1 ,l]\x1 ,sa9t ,simon1 & all ! progressi/s ( e color or %ade2 & f9ally1 x puts on a gho/ly %r\d1 z taught by ! ,am]ican spirituali/s4 ,"u :atev] g>b x may appe>1 x p5etrates & fills all1 & pret5ds to expla9 all4 ,x p5etrates philosophy1 natural sci5ce1 hi/ory1 lit]ature1 ! f9e arts1 ! family1 society & ! body politic1 & religion4 ,x holds its sway ov] all1 & exhibits itself z hav+ ! secret ( good & evil4 ,h[ is ?is to be expla9$8 ,if ! falsehood ( ,pan!ism be s evid5t1 :5ce is x t x is ! univ]sal error 9 "t & space1 & has made su* ravages 9 man's intellig5ce8 ,! great] its falsehood1 ! m inexplicable becomes its preval5ce4 ,has ! nature ( man *ang$8 ,has 8 intellig5ce lo/ its object8 ,x is true1 man's intellig5ce is n p]fect4 ,s9ce ! fall x is weak5$ & obscur$1 b d\btless x has n ceas$ & c\ld n cease to be intellig5ce2 tru? has n ceas$ to be its natural ess5tial object4 ,h[1 !n1 are we to expla9 ! preval5ce ( s mighty an error8 ,by ! fact t x is a sy/em :i* by its g5]ality seems to satisfy a supreme t5d5cy ( our m9d1 & to appease "o ( ! mo/ imp]ative crav+s ( our s\ls4 ,man's intellig5ce has a natural t5d5cy to syn!size1 t is1 to br+ ev]y?+ into unity4 ,?is t5d5cy arises bo? f ! ess5tial on5ess ( ! m9d & f ! nature ( its object4 ,! object ( ! m9d is be+ or reality 9 "s =m or o!r4 ,t :i* does exi/ _c ev5 be appreh5d$1 & h5ce _c be ! object ( ! m9d4 ,to und]/& & to und]/& no?+ is1 at ! same "t1 ! affirmation & ! negation ( ! und]/&+4 #ahc ,n[1 if ! object ( ! intellig5ce1 9 ord] to be kn[n & und]/ood by ! said faculty1 mu/ repres5t itself "u ! =m ( be+ or reality1 x is "u ?is respect necess>ily "o4 ,"u :atev] =m x may exhibit itself1 "u :atev] quality x may be conceal$1 x mu/ always be reality or be+1 &1 z su*1 "o4 ,b if be+1 reality1 or unity1 tak5 9 ! ab/ract1 0 ! sole object ( ! intellig5ce1 !re w\ld be an end to all its movem5t or life4 ,all sci5ce w\ld be at an end1 because sci5ce is a process1 a movem5t2 & movem5t is n possible :]e an ab/raction is ! sole object ( ! m9d4 ,be+ & unity1 !n1 ab/ractly consid]$1 w\ld be ! et]nal /upor ( ! m9d4 ,?is _c be s1 h[ev]4 ,intellig5ce is action1 life1 movem5t4 ,n[1 all ?is implies multiplicity2 h5ce ! object ( ! intellig5ce mu/ also be multiple4 ,b does n ?is second condition also de/roy ! =m]1 :i* requires t ! object ( ! intellig5ce %\ld be "o8 ,"h reason f9ds a necess>y1 ?\gh1 z we %all see1 only an app>5t contradiction1 bo? 9 ! logical z well z ontological ord]4 ,9 ! logical ord]1 because ! intellig5ce seems to require unity & multiplicity z ! conditions )\t :i* its action becomes impossible4 ,9 ! ontological ord]1 or ! ord] ( reality1 because if ! object is n at ! same "t "o & multiple1 h[ c ^? conditions ( ! m9d be satisfi$8 ,! intellig5ce1 !n1 9 ord] to live1 mu/ be able to travel f unity to multiplicity 9 an asc5d+ or desc5d+ process1 & to d s1 n arbitr>ily1 b = reasons re/+ on reality4 ,9 ?is lies ! life ( ! intellig5ce2 sci5ce is no?+ b ?is syn!tical & analytical movem5t4 ,let ! m9d /op at analysis or multiplicity1 & y w give x an agglom]ation ( facts ( :i* x c nei!r see ! reason nor ! l9k :i* connects !m3 & h5ce y place x 9 unnatural bonds1 :i*1 soon] or lat]1 x w break1 x matt]s n :e!r by a sophi/ical or a dialectic process4 ,on ! o!r h&1 let x /op at unity1 & y condemn x to /upor & dea?4 ,! =ego+ ideas w expla9 ! fact h[ a p>ticul> error w ei!r h a v %ort exi/5ce or fall into ! univ]sal error ( ,pan!ism4 ,= 9 ?is1 s f> z we c see1 lies ! reason ( ! univ]sal dom9ion ( ,pan!ism4 ,because x proposes to expla9 ! :ole "q ( human k1 x takes x up 9 all its univ]sality1 & ! solution :i* x sets =? has all ! appe>ance ( satisfy+ ! mo/ imp]ative t5d5cy ( our m9d4 ,to be enabl$ to expla9 ! numb]less multiplicity ( realities1 no matt] h[1 &1 at ! same "t1 to br+ !m into a compact & p]fect :ole1 /rikes to ! quick ! v ess5ce ( man's intellig5ce & allures x ) its *>ms4 ,if ?is be n ! ma9 reason ( ! preval5ce ( ,pan!ism1 we ackn[l$ge we d n und]/& h[ su* a mighty error c\ld ev] take possession ( man's m9d2 we are tempt$ to say t human und]/&+ 0 made = falsehood1 :i* is to d5y ! v notion ( intellig5ce4 ,:at ,pan!ism proposes to d = ! m9d x also promises to accompli% = ! s\l4 #ahd ,!re is1 9 man's he>t or s\l1 impress$ 9 indelible *>act]s1 a t5d5cy aft] ! inf9ite1 a crav+ almo/ inf9ite 9 its en]gy1 su* is ! viol5ce ) :i* x impels ! s\l to seek & ye>n aft] its object4 ,to prove su* a t5d5cy 7 useless4 ,t void1 t feel+ ( satiety & sadness1 :i* ov]:elms ! s\l1 ev5 aft] ! enjoym5t ( ! mo/ exquisite pleasure1 ei!r s5sible or s5tim5tal2 ! ph5om5on ( solit>ies 9 all times & c\ntries2 ! v fact ( ! exi/5ce ( religion 9 all ages & among all peoples2 ! en?usiasm1 ! recklessness & b>b>ity :i* *>act]ize ! w>s und]tak5 = religion's sake2 ! love ( ! m>vell\s & ! my/]i\s exhibit$ by ! multitude2 t s5se ( t]ror & rev]5ce1 t feel+ ( our own no?+ness1 :i* /eals into our s\ls 9 contemplat+ ! wide ocean 9 a /ill or /ormy night1 or 9 contemplat+ a wild]ness1 a m\nta91 or a mighty *asm1 all are evid5t pro(s ( t imp]i\s1 delici\s1 viol5t crav+ ( our s\ls aft] ! inf9ite4 ,h[ o!rwise expla9 all ?is8 ,:y d we feel a void1 a sadness1 a k9d ( pa91 aft] hav+ enjoy$ ! mo/ /irr+ delights8 ,because ! inf9ite is ! weight ( ! s\l--! c5tre ( gravity ( ! he>t--because creat$ pleasures1 h[ev] delightful or exquisite1 be+ f9ite1 c nev] quiet t crav+1 c nev] fill up t *asm plac$ betwe5 u & ,god4 ,! pret5d$ sages ( mank9d h nev] be5 able to ext]m9ate religion1 because !y c\ld nev] root out ( ! s\l ( man t t5d5cy4 ,i say pret5d$ sages1 because all real g5iuses h1 ) v few exceptions1 be5 religi\s2 = 9 !m t t5d5cy is m ke5ly & m imp]i\sly felt4 ,?is is ! second reason ( ! preval5ce ( ,pan!ism4 ,to promise ! actual & imm$iate possession ( ! inf9ite1 nay1 ! trans=mation into ! inf9ite1 is to entice ! v be/ ( human aspirations1 is to t\* ! deepe/ & mo/ s5sitive *ord ( ! human he>t4 ,bo? ^! reasons we h drawn a priori2 we might n[ prove1 a po/]iori1 f hi/ory1 h[ e p>ticul> error has ei!r fall5 into ,pan!ism or disappe>$ altoge!r4 ,b s9ce ?is w\ld c>ry u too f>1 we w exemplify x by "o error--,prote/antism4 ,! ess5ce ( ,prote/antism lies 9 emancipat+ human reason f dep5d5ce on ! reason ( ,god4 ,x is true t at its dawn x 0 n proclaim$ 9 ?is nak$ =m1 nor is x ?us ann\nc$ at ! pres5t "t2 b its v ess5ce lies 9 t4 ,= if human reason be made to judge objects :i* ,god's reason alone c compreh5d1 man is lit]ally emancipat$ f ! reason ( ,god4 ,:at does ?is supreme pr9ciple ( ,prote/antism mean1 t e individual mu/1 by read+ ! ,bible1 f9d = himself :at he has to believe8 ,are ! tru?s writt5 9 ! ,bible intelligible or sup]9telligible2 t is1 end[$ ) evid5ce imm$iate or m$iate1 or are !y my/]ies8 ,if !y be purely intelligible1 end[$ ) evid5ce m$iate or imm$iate1 !re is no possible ne$ ( ! ,bible1 =1 9 t case1 reason c\ld f9d !m by itself4 ,if !y be my/]ies1 h[ c reason1 unaid$ by any high] p[]1 f9d !m out8 ,x w n d to say1 ,!y are writt5 9 ! ,bible1 & reason has m]ely to appreh5d !m4 ,suppose a dispute %\ld arise z to ! "r mean+ ( ! ,bible2 :o is to decide ! dispute8 ,reason8 ,!n reason mu/ grasp & compreh5d my/]ies 9 ord] to decide ! dispute4 ,= none c be judge unless he is qualifi$ ?or\ghly to und]/& ! matt] ( ! dispute4 ,f ?is x is evid5t t to make reason judge ( ! fai? is to make x judge ( ! my/]ies ( ! inf9ite1 &1 !re=e1 is to emancipate ! reason ( man f subjection to ! reason ( ,god4 ,h5ce1 ,prote/antism 0 rightly call$ a mask$ rationalism4 #ahe ,x soon ?rew (f ! mask4 ,! human m9d saw t x c nev] be emancipat$ f ! reason ( ,god unless x is suppos$ to be indep5d5t1 & x c\ld nev] be suppos$ indep5d5t unless x 0 suppos$ equal to ! reason ( ! inf9ite4 ,! result ( all ?is is necess>ily ,pan!ism4 ,& into ,pan!ism ,prote/ants soon fell1 especially ! ,g]mans1 :o nev] %r9k f any consequ5ce if logically d$uc$ f _! premises4 ,su* 0 ! lat5t reason+ ( ,fi*te1 ,s*ell+1 ,hegel1 & o!rs1 9 build+ up _! =m ( ,pan!ism4 ,to und]/& is to ma/] an object1 to m\ld x s z to fit our intellig5ce4 ,we c und]/& ! inf9ite1 we c ma/] x4 ,!re=e1 we are at lea/ equal to ! inf9ite1 'we are ourselves ! inf9ite1' we ourselves lay x d[n by a logical process4 ,h5ce ! a/\nd+ proposal :i* ,fi*te made to 8 disciples1 t ! next day he w\ld proce$ to create ,god1 0 no?+ else b ! e*o & logical consequ5ce ( ! cry rais$ by ! unfrock$ monk ( ,witt5b]g1 proclaim+ ! indep5d5ce ( reason f ! %ackles ( all au?ority4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! d5ial ( human lib]ty & ! absolute pr$e/9ation ( ! ,calv9i/s give ! same result4 ,if we are n free ag5ts1 if ,god c d :at he li/s ) u1 we are no long] ag5ts 9 ! /ricte/ & true/ s5se ( ! ^w4 ,n[1 e sub/ance is an act1 a monos1 a =ce2 if1 !n1 we are n ag5ts1 we are n sub/ances1 & h5ce we become qualities1 ph5om5a ( ! inf9ite sub/ance4 ,all ?is z reg>ds doctr9e4 ,b ,prote/antism ran into ,pan!ism by ano!r road almo/ z soon z x arose1 = ! action ( ! feel+s is swift] & m rapid ?an logic4 ,prote/antism be+ rationalism 9 doctr9e is necess>ily naturalism ) reg>d to ! s\l2 & by pres5t+ to ! s\l only nature1 its au?ors left ! crav+ aft] ! sup]natural & ! inf9ite ?ir/y & ble$+4 ,:at 0 ! consequ5ce8 ,_m ,prote/ant sects fell into my/icism1 :i* is b a s5tim5tal ,pan!ism1 a species ( int]ior !urgy4 ,hi/ory is too well kn[n to r5d] necess>y any pro( ( ^! ass]tions4 ,^! are ! consequ5ces at :i* active m9ds mu/ arrive :51 9 _! rese>*es1 !y d n meet ) tru?4 ,z to ^? m9ds :i* are n active1 or n p]sev]+ 9 _! inquiries1 !y fall into indiff]5ce1 :i* is b a scepticism ( ! s\l1 z d\bt is ! scepticism ( ! m9d4 ,n[1 ! "q arises1 ,:at is ! be/ me?od ( refut+ ,pan!ism8 ,_m h be5 ! refutations ( ,pan!ism1 b !y are limit$ to po9t+ out ! absurd consequ5ces foll[+ f x1 :i* consequ5ces1 summ$ up1 am\nt to ?is3 t ,pan!ism de/roys & makes void ! pr9ciple ( contradiction 9 all ! ord]s to :i* x may be appli$2 t is to say1 x makes void t pr9ciple 9 ! ontological ord] or ord] ( realities1 9 ! logical ord]1 etc4 ,b1 not)/&+ ! tru? & =ce ( ?is refutation1 we d n "k t x has conv]t$ a s+le ,pan!i/4 ,f ! fact t ,pan!ism is m preval5t at ! pres5t "t ?an ev] x 01 we %\ld conclude t x has n4 ,we say ?is ) all ! respect & def]5ce due to ^? :o h ex]t$ _! tal5ts 9 ! said ar5a4 #ahf ,= we "k t "s ( ! noble/ intellects h br\ght _! en]gy to be> aga9/ ?is mighty error4 ,b1 if we are all[$ to express our op9ion1 we say t all =m] refutations h be5 void ( effect = lack ( complet5ess1 & a det]m9ation on ! "p ( _! au?ors to limit !mselves to ! ab/ract ord]1 )\t desc5d+ to p>ticul>s1 & to ! ord] ( realities4 ,! result 01 t :ile ,pan!ism1 )\t any dread ( consequ5ces1 appli$ its pr9ciples to all ord]s ( human k1 & to all p>ticul> que/ions array$ "u ea* ord]1 & 01 z x 71 a liv+1 quick5+ sy/em--false1 inde$1 9 ! premises1 b logical & satisfactory 9 ! consequ5ces result+ f ^? premises--! refutations ( x1 conf9$ )9 ! limits ( logic1 7 a m]e ab/raction2 true1 inde$1 & p]fectly satisfactory to any "o :o c\ld apply ! refutations to all ! ord]s ( human k1 b :olly defici5t = ^? :o are n able to make ! application4 ,we ?9k1 !re=e1 t a refutation ( ,pan!ism %\ld be conduct$ on ! foll[+ pr9ciples3 #a/4 ,to admit all ! problems :i* ,pan!ism raises1 9 all ! g5]ality ( _! be>+4 #b;d4 ,to exam9e :e!r ! solution :i* ,pan!i/ic pr9ciples af=d n only solves ! problem1 b ev5 ma9ta9s x4 #c;d4 ,if x is f\nd t ! ,pan!i/ic solution de/roys ! v problem x raises1 to oppose to x ! true solution4 ,^! are ! only true pr9ciples1 z f> z we c see1 :i* w r5d] a refutation ( ,pan!ism effici5t4 ,=1 9 ?is case1 y h1 9 ! fir/ place1 a common gr\nd to /& ^u1 t is1 ! admission ( ! same problems2 9 ! second place1 if y c prove t ! ,pan!i/ic solution ( ! problems de/roys !m1 in/ead ( solv+ !m1 x w be readily grant$ by ! ,pan!i/ = ! sake ( ! problems !mselves4 ,:5 y h done all ?is1 y d n leave ! m9d 9 d\bt & p]plexity1 b y pres5t to x ! true solution1 & x w !n be ready to embrace x4 ,a refutation conduct$ ^u ^? pr9ciples we h attempt$ 9 ! articles we n[ publi%4 ,we take ,pan!ism 9 all its univ]sality & app>5t gr&eur2 we accept all its problems2 we exam9e !m "o by "o1 & we %[ t ! ,pan!i/ic solution1 f> f resolv+ ! problems1 de/roys !m2 & we sub/itute ! true solution4 ,9 a ^w1 we comp>e ,pan!ism ) ,ca?olicity2 t is1 ! univ]sality ( error ) ! univ]sality ( tru?--! :ole sy/em ( falsehood ) ! :ole sy/em ( tru?4 ,we make !m /& face to face1 & we endeavor to exhibit !m s pla9ly t ! brightness & spl5dor ( ! "o may ?or\ghly ext+ui% ! phosphoric light ( ! o!r4 ,we %[ ! ,pan!i/ t1 if he ev] wants a solution ( 8 problems1 he mu/ accept ,ca?olicity1 or proclaim ! dea? ( 8 intellig5ce4 ,to d ?is x w be necess>y = u to comp>e ,pan!ism & ,ca?olicity 9 all ord]s2 9 ! logical ord]1 9 ! ontological ord] or ! ord] ( reality2 & "u ?is ord] we mu/ comp>e !m 9 ! moral1 social1 political1 & ae/hetic ord]s4 ,! tru? ( ! "o or ! o!r w appe> by ! comp>ison4 ,x is true we und]take a great task2 great especially z reg>ds ! positive "p ( ! refutation4 ,= x embraces ! :ole ( !ology2 n only ) relation to :at is commonly reg>d$ z its object1 b 9 ! s5se ( its be+ ! supreme & g5]al sci5ce1 ! que5 ( all sci5ces1 ! univ]sal metaphysic 9 all possible ord]s4 #ahg ,we own t we h felt ! difficulty ( su* a task1 & _m times h we ab&on$ x z be+ f> above our /r5g?4 ,b a l+]+ desire has made u return to ! "w4 ,we h said to ourselves3 ,complete success & p]fection are beyond our hope1 b we c at lea/ make ! attempt2 =1 9 matt]s ( ?is k9d1 we ?9k x well to rev]se ! wise maxim ( ! ,lambe? prelates1 & r attempt too mu* ?an d too little4 ---------- ,fri5d%ips4 ,! gl[+ wrea?s t 'mid curl$ locks repose1 ,?r\gh night ( pleasure worn1 ,myrtle & jasm9e1 orange-fl[] & rose1 ,fall %rivell$ by ! morn4 ,! simple immortelles = lov$ ones tw9$-- ,) _m a te> & sigh1 ,hung r\nd ! cross--! ra9-compell+ w9d ,& w9t] sn[s defy4 ,?us gild$ fri5d%ips1 knit by pleasure brief1 ,fade :5 joy's sc5es h pass$2 ,b dull] l9ks1 anneal$ by burn+ grief1 ,?r\gh *eck]$ ye>s %all la/4 ,! ,lamp4 ---------- #ahh ,translat$ ,f ,le ,correspondant4 ,disc\rse by ! ,rev4 ,pre ,hyac9!4 ,footnote #fe ,footnote #fe3 ,deliv]$ on ! occasion ( a pr(ession ( ,ca?olic fai? & ! fir/ communion ( an ,am]ican ,prote/ant lady1 9 ! *apel ( ! conv5t ( ,les ,dames de l',assomption1 at ,p>is1 ,july #ad?1 #ahfh ,mis]icordias ,dom9i 9 aet]num cantabo1 ,i w s+ et]nally ! m]cies ( ! ,"l4 --,psalms4 ,madam & my si/] 9 ,jesus ,*ri/3 ,x is y :o h giv5 me ! text & ! subject ( ?is exhortation4 ,x is y :o1 ov]fl[+ ) gratitude t[>d him :o has call$ y f d>kness to 8 admirable light1 h ask$ me to =get ?is audi5ce & to ?9k only ( y & ( ,god1 & to speak only ( 8 lov+-k9dness :i* has be5 manife/$ 9 e ev5t ( y\r life4 ,i w obey y2 &1 tak+ ?is life 9 its ?ree divisions :i* m>k "t1 ,i w endeavor to speak 9 simple tru?1 & ! pi\s confid5ce ( an ov]fl[+ he>t1 ( ! m]cies ( ,god ov] y\r pa/1 y\r pres5t1 & y\r future c>e]4 ,! hi/ory ( ,*ri/ian s\ls is ! mo/ m>vell\s & yet ! mo/ hidd5 ( all hi/ories4 ,! m ext]ior ev5ts :i* agitate society f9d only 9 ^! int]ior hi/ories _! true s5se & _! highe/ reason2 & :5 we %all read ^! entire 9 ! book ( life1 & by ! light ( et]nity1 we w f9d !re9 ! unansw]able ju/ification ( ! provid5ce ( ,god ov] human affairs1 & ! true titles ( ! nobility ( mank9d 9 ! blood & by ! grace ( ,*ri/4 ,we w s+ et]nally ! m]cies ( ! ,"l6 ,i4 ,& fir/1 madam1 :at 7 ^! m]cies ( y\r pa/ life8 ,or1 to be bett] und]/ood1 :at 7 y8 ,:at h y be5 until n[8 ,i ackn[l$ge "s emb>rassm5t 9 giv+ an answ] to my own "q4 ,al?\gh born 9 ! bosom ( h]esy1 y 7 n a h]etic4 ,no1 by ! grace ( ,god y 7 n a h]etic2 & no?+ %all =ce me to give y ?is cruel "n--ju/ly cruel--aga9/ :i* cries out all ! k ,i h ( y\r pa/4 ,"o ( ! doctors--! mo/ exact & ! mo/ sev]e--( ,*ri/ian antiquity1 ,sa9t ,augu/9e1 refuses 9 sev]al ( 8 writ+s to class among h]etics ^? :o1 born outside ! visible communion ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 h kept 9 _! he>ts ! s9c]e love ( tru?1 & are dispos$ to foll[ x 9 all its manife/ations & 9 all its requirem5ts4 ,footnote #ff ,footnote #ff3 ,see p>ticul>ly ! lett] xliii4 ( ! edition ( ! ,b5$ict9es ( ,sa9t-,maur3 ,qui s5t5tiam suam1 quamvis falsam atque p]v]sam1 nulla p]t9aci animositate def5dunt1 praes]tim quam non audacia praesumptionis suae pep]]unt1 s$ a s$uctis atque 9 errorem lapsis p>5tibus accep]unt1 qua]unt autem cauta sollicitud9e v]itatem1 corrigi p>ati1 cum inv5]9t2 nequaquam sunt int] ha]eticos deput&i4 ,t :i* makes h]esy is ! _s ( pride1 ( revolt1 & ( s*ism1 :i* bur/ =? 9 heav5 :5 ,satan1 sep>at+ ! angels ( light1 attempt$ to remodel1 accord+ to 8 lik+1 ! !ology ( et]nity1 & re=m ! "w ( ,god 9 ! _w2 x is t brea? bl[n f ! no/rils ( ! ar*angel 9 wra? to /ir up ab\t him 8 propag&i/s ?r\gh\t "t4 ,g5tle & humble ( he>t1 y h nev] brea!d t brea?4 ,y are n1 !n1 a h]etic4 #ahi ,b !n1 :at 7 y8 ,"o day ,i int]rogat$ "o ( y\r mo/ di/+ui%$ fell[-c\ntrym51 ,prote/ant by bir?1 n[ a ,ca?olic & a prie/1 & 9 ! outbur/ ( t pi\s curiosity :i* is awak5$ by ! hi/ory ( s\ls ,i ask$ him ?is same "q3 ,:at 7 y8 ,he answ]$ me ?us3 ,i did n belong to any ,prote/ant communion2 ,i _h be5 baptiz$ 9 ! *ur* ( my p>5ts1 b ,i _h nev] pr(ess$ _! fai?4 ,y 71 !n1 a rationali/8 said ,i4 ,no1 respond$ he smil+ly2 we ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates "k no?+ ( t m5tal malady ( ! ,europeans4 ,i blu%$ & 0 sil5t an in/ant1 !n press$ him to expla9 fur!r1 :5 he gave me ?is noble reply3 ,i 0 a natural man1 seek+ ! tru? ) my :ole intellig5ce & he>t4 ,well1 madam1 y 7 l t3 y also--a noble1 womanly nature--seek+ ! tru? 9 love1 & love 9 tru?4 ,b y 7 m3 y 7 a ,*ri/ian2 ay1 a ,ca?olic4 ,?is is a fundam5tal di/9ction )\t :i* x becomes impossible to be j t[>d communions sep>at$ f ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & t[>d ! s\ls :i* compose !m4 ,all religi\s s*isms conta9 )9 _! bosom two elem5ts entirely contr>y3 ! negative elem5t1 :i* makes x a s*ism & (t5 a h]esy2 & ! positive elem5t1 :i* pres]ves = x a portion m or less great ( its anci5t h]itage ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,n only di/9ct1 b ho/ile1 ^! two elem5ts are nev]!less br\ght toge!r 9 con/ant combat2 ! d>kness & ! light--life & dea?--meet )\t m+l+1 or )\t ei!r be+ vanqui%$2 & !n results :at ,i %all call ! pr(\nd my/]y ( ! life ( error4 ,z = myself1 ,i d n give to error t undes]v$ honor to suppose t x c live ( its own life1 brea! ( its own brea?1 or n\ri% ( its own sub/ance s\ls :o are n )\t virtue1 & peoples :o are n )\t greatness4 ,madam1 ,prote/antism1 z ,prote/antism1 is t negative elem5t :i* y h repudiat$1 & :i* ) ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* y h condemn$ & abjur$4 ,b ! _s ( ,prote/antism has n be5 alone 9 y\r religi\s life3 by ! side ( its negations !re 7 its affirmations1 &1 l savory fruit conf9$ )9 its bitt] husk1 y 7 9 possession ( ,*ri/ianity f y\r infancy4 ,be=e com+ to u1 y 7 a ,*ri/ian by baptism1 validly receiv$1 & :5 ! h& ( y\r m9i/] p\r$ ! wat] ^u y\r =ehead ) ! words ( et]nal life1 ,i baptize y 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 x 0 ,jesus ,*ri/ himself t baptiz$ y4 ,( little importance is ! h&1 writes ,sa9t ,augu/9e1 :e!r x be t ( ,pet] or t ( ,paul3 x is ,*ri/ t baptizes4 ,x 0 ,*ri/ :o affianc$ y1 :o receiv$ y\r plight$ fai? & pl$g$ y 84 ,! dep?s ( y\r moral be+--t sacr$ "p :i* 9 noble s\ls feels in/9ctively a repugnance to error--! ,^w consecrat$ to himself1 & l a *a/e virg9 he res]v$ x = ! skies6 ,virg9em ca/am exhib]e ,*ri/o4 ,footnote #fg ,footnote #fg3 #b ,cor9?ians xi4 #b4 #aij ,*ri/ian by baptism1 y 7 also "o by ! gospel4 ,! ,bible 0 ! book ( y\r infancy2 & !re9 y h lisp$ at once ! secrets ( ?is div9e fai?1 :i* is ( all "t because x comes f et]nity1 & ! acc5ts ( t ,anglo-,saxon tongue :i* is ( all l&s because x prevails ov] ! globe 9 civiliz+ x4 ,)\t d\bt ! pr9ciple ( private judgm5t1 s-call$--! pr9ciple "u :i* y h =m]ly liv$--is ! s\rce ( numb]less errors2 b aga91 let u r5d] ?anks to ,god1 besides ! ,prote/ant pr9ciple1 ) ! ,prote/ants !mselves !re is ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple4 ,besides private judgm5t1 !re is ! action ( t sup]natural grace receiv$ 9 baptism1 & ! my/]i\s s5se1 ( :i* ,sa9t ,paul speaks1 ,we h ! m9d ( ,*ri/1 ,footnote #fh & ( :i* ,sa9t ,john said1 ,ye h unction f ! ,holy ,"o1 & ye "k all ?+s4 ,footnote #fi ,:5 we h read toge!r t ,scripture :i* has sep>at$ our ance/ors1 ,i 0 agreeably surpris$ to f9d t we und]/ood its e page 9 ! same s5se1 & consequ5tly 9 read+ x alone1 & out ( ! ,*ur*1 y h n read x )\t ! _s ( ! ,*ur*4 ,footnote #fh3 ,nos autem s5sum ,*ri/i habemus4 7i ,cor4 ii4 #af47 ,footnote #fi3 ,s$ vos unctionem habetis a ,sancto1 et no/is omnia4 444 ,et non necesse habetis ut aliquis doceat vos3 s$ sicut unctio ejus docet vos de omnibus1 et v]um e/1 et non e/ m5dacium4 7i ,john ii4 #bj1 #bg47 ,aga91 my *ild3 ) ,baptism & ! ,holy ,scriptures1 ) ! sacram5t & ! book1 y _h pray]2 t int]ior1 invisible1 ineffable1 & )al common prop]ty2 t language pre-em95tly ( ! s\l to ,god1 & ( ,god to ! s\l2 t p]sonal & direct communion ( ! humble/ ,*ri/ian ) 8 ,fa!r 9 heav54 ,9 :at1 !n1 7 y want+8 ,i rememb] :at y once said to me :5 y 7 /ill a ,prote/ant3 ,y1 monk z y are1 & ,i1 ,puritan t ,i am1 are1 nev]!less1 ( ! same blood royal4 ,y spoke truly1 n because y 7 ,puritan1 b because y 7 ,*ri/ian3 we 7 ( ! same blood1 bo? royal & div9e4 ,y 7 a *ild ( ! family l myself2 b y\r cradle 0 c>ri$ away 9 a night ( /orm by imprud5t h&s f ! pat]nal mansion--t mansion ( :i* y\r eyes c\ld no long] reta9 ! image1 ( :i* y\r lips knew n ! "n1 b :i* y reclaim$ by y\r te>s1 by y\r cries1 & by all ! emotions ( y\r s\l4 ,:at y ne$$1 my daught]1 0 to f9d x aga91 to weep ^u its ?re%old1 to embrace its old walls1 & to dwell !re9 = ev]4 ,y f\nd x at ,rome1 9 ! temple ( ,sa9t ,pet]1 ! va/e/ & ! mo/ spl5did :i* man has ev] built to 8 ,god2 b va/ & spl5did above all to ! eyes ( fai?1 because x is to !m ! image ( ! univ]sal bro!rhood ( ! *ildr5 ( ,god ^u ! e>?4 ,to ga!r toge!r 9 "o ! *ildr5 ( ,god t 7 disp]s$4 ,footnote #gj ,com+ f ! great disp]sion ( s\ls1 :i* is ! "w ( man 9 ,prote/antism1 y contemplat$ at la/ _! supreme unity1 :i* is ! "w ( ,god 9 ,ca?olicity4 ,deeply impress$ & sudd5ly mov$1 y look$ ab\t y--x is y\r own t\*+ acc\nt t ,i repeat "h--y look$ ab\t y = a prie/ ( y\r own tongue2 n to confess to1 = y did n !n believe 9 its necessity1 b to :om y c\ld unburd5 y\r s\l1 & to :om y c\ld tell y\r joy at hav+ f\nd at la/ a he>?/one = ! he>t1 a home6--^w s de> & sacr$ to y\r race & m necess>y 9 ! religi\s ?an 9 ! dome/ic life4 ,?is is my re/ = ev] & ev]3 "h w ,i dwell1 = ,i h *os5 x4 ,footnote #ga ,footnote #gj3 ,ut filios ,dei1 qui erant disp]si1 congreg>et 9 unum4 7,john xi4 #eb47 ,footnote #ga3 ,psalm cxxxi4 #ad4 #aia ,,ii4 ,i h tri$1 madam1 to tell :at 0 y\r pa/1 & h[ ! m]cy ( ,god prep>$ y 9 x by 8 f>-rea*+ h& = ! m>vels ( ! pres5t4 ,:at is n[ ?is m>vel8 ,x is ! my/ic m>riage ) ,jesus ,*ri/1 by ! communion ) 8 real body & ) 8 real blood1 9 ! sacram5t ( 8 true *ur*4 ,affianc$ ( ,god 9 baptism1 y become 8 sp\se 9 ! ,eu*>i/4 ,oh6 bless$ are y to h be5 call$ to ! m>riage fea/ ( ! ,lamb4 ,footnote #gb ,footnote #gb3 ,apocalypse xix4 #i4 ,x is n )\t a t\*+ motive t y h *os5 ! #ad? ( ,july to consummate ?is solemn act4 ,?is is ! anniv]s>y ( y\r m>riage--( t m>riage sund]$ by dea?4 ,y h made y\r entry into ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* ! epo* ( a great trans=mation 9 y\r spiritual life3 y h *os5 ! day mo/ appropriately1 desir+ t ?is date1 s full ( ! remembrances ( t5d]ness & grief1 %\ld m>k y\r entire union ) y\r crucifi$ ,"l1 to be no m sep>at$ = ev]4 ,h[ beautiful is he--9 8 blood1 & ?r\gh y\r te>s--?is ,sp\se ( ,calv>y1 & h[ lovely1 & h[ truly is he made = y1 my daught]6 ,x is n ,pati5ce on a monum5t smil+ at grief3 x is love transport$ ) sorr[ & repos+ 9 dea?4 ,i rememb] well ! day :5 ,i met y = ! fir/ "t 9 ! p>lor ( my humble conv5t4 ,! ,ca?olic crucifix y already wore ^u y\r brea/1 & f "t to "t y\r eyes 7 turn$ t[>d t o!r cross susp5d$ aga9/ ! wall1 & :i* presid$ ov] our int]view1 full ( light & full ( te>s1 ) an expression :i* reveal$ y\r :ole s\l--all t x /ill lack$--all t x already =esaw4 ,i w\ld exagg]ate no?+1 & above all ,i w\ld (f5d no "o2 b c ,i n say t ! orbit :]e91 ord9>ily1 ,prote/ant piety moves is ! div9e1 r ?an ,god himself8 ,x is consci5ce1 ) its /eel-l temp]1 :i* is at ! same "t evangelic & p]sonal4 ,x is respect = tru?--! in/9ctive ta/e = :at is moral & religi\s4 ,all ^! are :at ,i call ! div9e3 x is n ,god4 ,x is ! glori\s ray ( ! sun1 b x is n t respl5d5t disk4 ,:]e1 !n1 is ! elevation ( ! s\l to ! liv+ ,god8 ,my s\l has ?ir/$ = ! /rong & liv+ ,god2 :5 %all ,i come1 & appe> be=e 8 face8 ,footnote #gc ,footnote #gc3 ,psalm xli4 #c4 ,:]e is ! habitual communion ( ! he>t & its works ) ! ,^w made fle%8 & ! te>s p\r$ out l ,magdal5 at 8 feet8 & ! b[$ head--l t ( ,john--^u 8 brea/8 & all t :i* ! book ( ! ,imitation s well calls ! famili> fri5d%ip ( ,jesus8 ,:]e1 9 a ^w1 is t ,real ,pres5ce :i*1 f ! holy sacram5t1 z f a hidd5 f\nta91 fl[s =? to ! true ,ca?olic1 l a riv] ( peace1 all ! day long1 fructify+ & gladd5+ 8 life8 ,x 0 ?is ,emmanuel--?is ,god ) u--:o await$ y 9 our *ur*1 & 9 ! sacram5t :i* attract$ y ) s mu* p[] ev5 :5 y b half-believ$ 9 x4 ,z 9 ! anci5t synagogue1 y f\nd 9 y\r wor%ip only symbols & %ad[s2 !y spoke to y ( ! reality b did n conta9 !m1 !y awak5$ y\r ?ir/ b did n qu5* x4 ,weak & empty elem5ts :i* h no "r to exi/5ce s9ce ! veil ( ! temple has be5 r5t asund] & ! et]nal reality discov]$4 #aib ,old ?+s h pass$ away1 & all ?+s are become new4 ,footnote #gd ,oh6 bless$ are y to h be5 admitt$ into ! nuptial *amb] ( ! ,lamb4 ,footnote #gd3 #b4 ,cor4 v4 #ag4 ,h[ev]1 madam1 if ,*ri/ has tak5 captive y\r he>t1 x is ! language ( ! prophet3 ,?\ ha/ beguil$ me1 ,o ,"l1 & ,i am beguil$3 ?\ ha/ be5 /rong] ?an ,i1 & ?\ ha/ prevail$4 ,footnote #ge ,b he has respect$ all ! rights ( y\r reason & ( y\r lib]ty4 ,t :i* y h resolv$1 t :i* y are ab\t to accompli%1 y h weigh$ well & long 9 ! balance ( inve/igation1 /udy1 reflection1 & pray]2 & ,i owe y ?is ju/ice to say t y h c>ri$ y\r reflection to ! utmo/ scruple1 & completion almo/ to delay--s mu* h y fe>$1 9 ?is great religi\s act1 any o!r argum5t b ( p]sonal consci5ce2 to su* a degree h y p]si/$ 9 reject+ ! %ad[ ( any human influ5ce1 or ! %ad[ ( ! influ5ce ( imag9ation or s5tim5t4 ,footnote #ge3 ,j]4 xx4 #g4 ,x is ?us1 h[ev]1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ w\ld h y to himself4 ,sp\se ( love1 he is at ! same "t ! ,sp\se ( tru? & lib]ty1 & ?is is :y1 9 draw+ s\ls to him1 he nev] deceives nor con/ra9s !m4 ,he is ! et]nal ,^w1 begott5 ( ! reason ( ,god ! ,fa!r2 born 9 ! outp\r+ ( inf9ite spl5dor1 he rememb]s 8 orig91 & :5 he comes to u x is n "u cov] ( our gloom1 b 9 ! effulg5ce ( 8 light4 ,& because he is ! tru? he is also lib]ty4 ,he b[s ) respect ,footnote #gf be=e ! lib]ty ( ! s\l1 8 image & daught]1 & =gets ! language ( comm& t he may only employ t ( pray]4 ,footnote #gf3 ,cum magna rev]5tia disponis nos4 7,sap4 xii4 #ah47 ,z 9 ! sacr$ song1 he says3 ,op5 to me1 my si/]1 my love1 my dove1 my undefil$3 = my head is full ( dew1 & my locks ( ! drops ( ! nights4 ,footnote #gg ,footnote #gg3 ,canticle v4 #b4 ,"h am ,i4 ,he says aga9 9 ! ,apocalypse1 ,i /& at ! door1 & knock3 if any "o %all he> my voice1 & op5 to me ! door1 ,i w come 91 & w sup ) him1 & he ) me4 ,footnote #gh ,he nev] =ces an entrance into ! he>t2 he ent]s x only :5 x is op5$ = him4 ,h[ t5d] & beautiful ^? words t prove t ) ,god z ) man !re is ! same love & ! same t5d]ness6 ,true love respects z mu* z x loves1 & disda9s triumph at ! exp5se ( lib]ty6 ,footnote #gh3 ,apocalypse iii4 #bj4 ,is ?is all1 h[ev]8 ,= 8 love is jeal\s & lib]ty is n en\gh2 !re mu/ be ! combat & ! sacrifice4 ,:at 7 ! desp]ate conflicts1 free ?\gh y 71 t r5d]$ y\r decision s difficult & s pa9ful8 ,i may n speak ( !m4 ,family1 fri5ds1 c\ntry3 ,i h se5 ^! sacr$ w\nds too ne> to d>e to t\* !m4 ,i w only say t ,i 0 ignorant until n[ ( :at x co/s ev5 to ! m9d mo/ p]fectly conv9c$1 & to ! /ronge/ w1 to leave ! religion ( _! "m & ( _! c\ntry6 ,ah6 :y is x t on t noble soil ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates our *ur* is /ill1 ,i d n say unkn[n1 b despis$1 by s _m s\ls8 ,w\ld to ,god x 7 only unkn[n6 ,a new apo/le w invoke ^u h] %ores ! ,god :om ,paul invok$ be=e ! ,areopagus1 ignoto ,deo1 ! *ur* :i* !y love 9 ! ideal1 )\t kn[+ x 9 its reality2 &1 free f prejudices1 ! sob]-m9d$ ,am]icans w receive x bett] ?an did ! frivol\s ,a!nians4 #aic ,b !y ?9k !y "k u1 :ile !y see u ?r\gh su* base report t ev5 our "n excites disgu/ & hatr$4 ,h[ mu* long] mu/ ^! sect>ian misappreh5sions cont9ue8 & :5 w ,god at la/ comm& t ! walls ( division %all be ?r[n d[n8 ,at all ev5ts1 x dep5ds ^u u to prep>e = t mu* desir$ day1 by com+ toge!r1 n ) doctr9al concessions1 :i* w\ld be crim9al if n *im]ical1 b by ab&on+ our respective prejudices be=e ! bett] kn[n reality1 & by ! =mation ( ^? k9dly relations1 :ile e/eem & *>ity c\ld yet unite ^? :om div]sity ( beliefs /ill sep>ate4 ,z = me1 ?is is my mo/ ard5t pray]1 & z f> z ,i und]/& & appreciate ! situation ( religi\s affairs 9 ?is c5tury1 ?is feel+ is inve/$ ) a quick5$ & m press+ "*4 ,& s9ce1 !n1 ! "t has come :5 judgm5t %\ld beg9 at ! h\se ( ,god1 ,footnote #gi let u ,roman ,ca?olics "k h[ to give ! example2 let u arise resolutely & give a loyal h& to our sep>at$ b well-be-lov$ bre?r54 ,footnote #gi3 ,quoniam tempus e/ ut incipiat judicium a domo ,dei4 7i ,pet] iv4 #ag47 ,b :at d ,i say8 ,is x n y1 madam1 :o h come to u fir/1 surm\nt+ ob/acles :i* ,i _c rec\nt8 ,y h ov]come !m n only ) ! sweat ( y\r br[1 b by ! blood ( y\r s\l2 =1 z ,sa9t ,augu/9e s truly says1 !re is a blood ( ! s\l4 ,& x is ?is :i* y h p\r$ out2 y h remov$ by y\r h]oic h&s ! hewn rocks :i* %ut y 94 ,l ! daught] ( ,zion1 y h made /raight y\r way & h come4 ,footnote #hj ,footnote #hj3 ,conclusit vias meas lapidibus quadris1 semitas meas subv]tit4 7,lam4 iii4 #i47 ,ah6 let me welcome y ) ^! words ( y\r own1 9 :i* y express$ ! inspiration :i* 0 y\r /r5g?3 ,my love1 my beautiful1 calls me3 ,i "k 8 voice1 & ?\gh ,i am weak & trembl+ ,i w come to him4 ,,iii4 ,let u f9i% ?is song ( ! lov+-k9dness ( ,god 9 y\r s\l4 ,affianc$ by baptism1 ev5 9 ! bosom ( y\r involunt>y errors1 esp\s$ by ! ,eu*>i/ 9 ! integrity ( ,ca?olic fai? & *>ity1 :at rema9s = y to complete ! cycle ( div9e love & to consummate y\r life !re91 except to become a "m 9 ! apo/olate8 ,our ,"l 0 speak+ "o day to ! multitude1 :5 he 0 told t 8 "m & 8 bre?r5 7 )\t & _h ask$ = him4 ,survey+ ! p ) 8 look ( inspiration1 he ask$1 ,:o is my "m1 & :o are my bre?r58 ,!n /ret*+ out 8 h& ov] ! li/5+ multitude1 he said1 ,behold my "m & my bre?r54 ,= :osoev] %all d ! w ( my ,fa!r 9 heav51 ! same is my bro!r & my "m4 ,footnote #ha ,footnote #ha3 ,mat!w xii4 #di1 #ej4 ,! ,pope ,sa9t ,gregory ! ,great1 expla9+1 9 "o ( 8 homilies1 ?is tea*+ ( ! ,ma/]1 f\nd "s difficulty 9 8 say+1 ,?is is my "m4 ,we are )\t d\bt 8 bro!rs & 8 si/]s1 by ! accompli%m5t ( ! w ( ! ,fa!r2 b h[ c\ld any be+ o!r ?an ,m>y be call$ 8 "m8 ,& ! great pope rem>ks1 z soon z a s\l by a ^w1 by example1 by a spiritual influ5ce1 :atsoev] x may be1 produces or develops 9 ano!r s\l ! ,^w1 ! ,god1 ! ,tru?1 sub/antial & liv+1 ju/ice & *>ity1 9 fact1 ,jesus ,*ri/--= ,jesus ,*ri/ is all ^!--%e becomes 9 a way sup]ior to ! reality ( mat]nal conception1 ! "m ( ,jesus 9 t s\l1 & ! "m ( t s\l 9 ,jesus4 #aid ,well1 madam1 if ,i mi/ake n1 ,god res]ves = y a "p 9 8 *oice ( ?is spiritual mat]nity4 ,x is ( ^? *]i%$ ones ( :om ,i _c speak--respect & emotion =bid--b y w be _! "m 9 ,jesus1 _! "m 9 ! integrity ( _! lib]ty z y h be5 8 sp\se 9 ! pl5itude ( y\r own4 ,s9ce !re are o!r s\ls )\t numb] & )\t "n1 at lea/ to our feeble m9ds1 b :o are c\nt$ & inscrib$ 9 ! book ( div9e election1 & :o1 by ! my/]i\s p[] ( y\r apo/le%ip1 %all be ga!r$ f ! f\r w9ds ( heav52 = ! ,"l ha? n spok5 9 va93 ,& _m %all come f ! ea/ & ! we/1 & %all sit d[n ) ,abraham & ,isaac & ,jacob1 9 ! k+dom ( heav54 ,footnote #hb ,yes1 _m1 born l y 9 h]esy )\t hav+ be5 h]etics1 ignorant )\t be+ culpable1 are ha/5+ to ! banquet ( ,ca?olic tru?1 to ! joys ( a ref\nd unity2 :ile1 alas6 "s !re are among u1 zeal\s = ! lett]1 b us+ x to smo!r ! _s1 :o w see !mselves p]haps exclud$ f ! k+dom ( ,god1 = :i* !y d n br+ =? fruit4 ,footnote #hc ,footnote #hb3 ,mat!w viii4 #aa4 ,footnote #hc3 ,mat!w xxi4 #dc4 ,g1 !n1 z a mission>y ( peace & ( light to ! l& t awaits y1 & ( :i* by an especial design ( ,provid5ce ! moral future is almo/ entirely 9 ! h&s ( wom54 ,y w n regret ! public prea*+ :i* is =bidd5 y\r sex2 y w speak 9 ! mode/ & p]suasive eloqu5ce ( conv]sation2 y w speak by y\r p]son & y\r entire life1 free yet submissive1 humble yet pr\d1 au/]e yet tol]ant1 c>ry+ ! love ( ,god ev5 to aspirations ! mo/ sublime1 & ! love ( y\r fell[-be+s to condesc5sions ! mo/ t5d]4 ,b ,i w\ld def9e m cle>ly ! special "* ( y\r apo/olate4 ,9 rec\nt+ to me ! hi/ory ( y\r s\l1 ) its loves & hates1 y h said1 ,i h hat$ ?ree ?+s3 slav]y1 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & immorality4 ,( ! ?ree hates only "o rema9s4 ,slav]y is no m3 ,god has effac$ ! sign ( ,ca9 f ! br[ ( y\r p ) a baptism ( blood4 ,z = ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 :5 y came to "k x y\r hate 0 turn$ to love1 & y h esp\s$ x to battle m effici5tly ) x aga9/ ! la/ enemy2 & x is 9 ! firm f\ndation ( h] dogmas1 replac+ ! slipp]y s& :]eon y\r unc]ta9 feet trod2 x is 9 ! fecundity ( its sacram5ts1 sub/itut$ = ! /]ility ( y\r wor%ip2 x is "u ! guidance ( its hi]>*y1 & 9 ! =ce ( its unity1 t y w combat ! d\ble immorality :i* di%onors ! ,*ri/ian _w--! immorality ( m9d1 :i* we 9 ,europe call ,rationalism1 :i* y 9 ,am]ica call ,infidelity2 two w\nds unlike ,i "k1 b two w\nds equally mortal3 & ! immorality ( ! he>t1 t :i* corrupts ! s5ses z ! =m] does ?\ght4 ,^! two immoralities are si/]s2 "o attacks ! virg9ity ( fai?1 ! o!r ! virg9ity ( love1 & bo? h f\nd 9 woman a special enemy4 ,to ! s]p5t :i* crawls on its belly & eats ! du/ ( ! e>?1 ! ,"l has said f ! beg9n+1 9 po9t+ to woman1 :o is ! ideal be+ spr++ f ! he>t ( man3 ,i w put enmities betwe5 !e & ! woman1 & betwe5 ?y se$ & h] se$3 %e %all cru% ?y head1 & ?\ %alt lie 9 wait = h] heel4 ,footnote #hd ,footnote #hd3 ,g5esis iii4 #ae4 #aie ,b n[1 behold ! woman above all wom56 ,m>y1 ! "y wife1 ! "y "m1 go+ ov] ! hills ( ,judea to visit h] fri5d1 advanc$ 9 ye>s1 & hopeless z x seem$ 9 /]ility4 ,%e c>ries 9 h] womb ! inf9ite weight ( ! ,^w1 b h] /ep is light l tru?1 l love4 ,"u ! *>m ( ! *a/e love ( ,god %e greets ,elizabe?1 :o feels at h] approa* ! g]m ( nature quick5 )9 h] brea/4 ,f :5ce come? ?is happ9ess t ! "m ( my ,"l %\ld come to me8 ,! *ildr5 7 yet mute1 b _! mo!rs prophesy1 ,elizabe? be=e ,john ! ,bapti/1 ,m>y be=e ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,already1 to speak ) ,/4 ,ambrose1 already ! day ( ! beg9n+ ( ! salvation ( man _h begun1 ,footnote #he & because s9 _h comm5c$ by woman1 reg5]ation comm5c$ by h]4 ,footnote #he3 ,s]punt enim jam t5tam5ta salutis humanae4 ,9 ,luc4 ,x seems to me ,i see n[ ! ,*ri/ian woman1 esp\s$ ( ,jesus & 8 "m1 advanc+ t[>d ?is c5tury1 b[$ d[n l ,elizabe? 9 ! sadness ( /]ility4 ,! ob/acles :i* h repell$ u d n h9d] h]4 ,%e w imbibe 9 ! inspirations ( h] *>ity1 fai?1 & hope1 :i* we h too (t5 fail$ to %[2 ris+ l ,m>y ^u ! delectable heights1 walk+ 9 ! pa?s ( ! spr+-"t & ( ! dawn2 %e w cause to be he>d 9 ! e>s ( ! m5 ( ?is c5tury ?is cry ( ! he>t :i* recognizes ! pres5ce ( ,jesus3 ,behold1 z soon z ! voice ( ?y salutation s\nd$ 9 my e>s1 ! *ild 9 my womb leap$ = joy4 ,footnote #hf ,footnote #hf3 ,luke i4 #dd4 ,arise1 daught] ( ,zion1 unb9d ! cords ab\t y\r neck1 y :o 7 captive3 ,solve v9cula colli tui1 captiva filia ,sion4 ,footnote #hg ,h[ beautiful are ! feet ( ^? :o /& ^u ! m\nta9-top1 proclaim+ peace & br++ ! glad tid+s ( salvation1 cry+3 ,! ,"l %all reign6 ,footnote #hg3 ,isaiah iii4 #b4 ---------- #aif ,glimpses ( ,tuscany4 ,santo ,spirito4 ,,iii4 ,santo ,spirito is n z well kn[n to /rang]s z ! o!r l>ge *ur*es ( ,flor5ce4 ,x is on ! s\?1 or less frequ5t$1 side ( ! riv]1 & is s hemm$ 91 hidd5 away1 & ?ru/ out ( sight1 by compact masses ( tall dwell+s & old palaces1 t1 al?\gh j r\nd ! corn] f ! ,pitti1 x 0 a mon? be=e ,i f\nd x out4 ,inde$1 ,i 0 only !n appris$ ( its exi/5ce by ! drums ( ! ,six? gr5adi]s beat+ = milit>y ,mass4 ,a piazza 9 ,flor5ce means an acre1 m or less1 ( oblong1 op51 flat1 macadamiz$1 unornam5t$ gr\nd2 )\t tree1 or %rub1 or fl[]1 or ev5 ! picturesque grasses ( ! dead] ,italian t[ns4 ,! ,piazza ( ,santo ,spirito is peculi>ly bald & insipid4 ,! ext]ior ( ! *ur* itself is dreadful2 %abb9ess & dilapidation unreliev$ by a s+le l9e ( beauty4 ,! cupola1 = :i* ,brunelles*i is responsible1 is mean almo/ to vulg>ity2 almo/ z mean z ! cupola ( ,san ,lor5zo4 ,two su* cupolas w\ld ru9 any o!r reputation ?an 8 :o vault$ ,santa ,m>ia del ,fiore4 ,! only r$eem+ feature 9 ! :ole quadrilat]al is ! *>m+ ,campanile1 or belfry ( ,baccio d',agnolo's1 :i* hov]s l ! dream ( a poet ov] ,s] ,filippo's prose4 ,! facade ( ! *ur* is unf9i%$1 &1 :at is worse1 disfigur$ by ! introduction ( ! scroll1 t poore/1 false/1 %all[e/ ( ar*itectural devices4 ,! scroll is prop]ly ! symbol ( ! fleet+2 a l9e describ$ ?r\gh air or wat] ) w& or :eel2 ! scriptural type ( evanesc5ce3 ,& ! heav5s %all be roll$ away l a scroll4 7,isaiah47 ,& ! heav5 )drew1 z a scroll roll$ up toge!r4 7,revelation47 ,h[ mon/r\s a violation ( all fitness to adopt x z "p ( ! fix$ =m & outl9e ( an edifice--to fa/5 ! sign ( ! transi5t on ! front ( mansions d$icat$ to ! s]vice ( ! ,et]nal6 ,! front is ! weake/ elevation ( ! basilica1 b ! scroll only makes x worse4 ,see h[ well ! matt] c be m5d$ by ! gold mosaic & l9e> grace ( ,san ,m9iato1 by ! ar*$ colonnades ( ,pisa1 by ! po9t$ buttresses--n ! wret*$ w9d[s--( ,milan4 ,y are 9 a rage ) ,s] ,filippo & ! ,r5aissance at once4 ,b ent]2 pu% ! gre5 baize aside2 /ep fairly 94 ,heav51 h[ beautiful6 ,:at bread?1 :at calm1 :at repose6 ,r\nd-ar*$ aisles ( d>k ,cor9?ian columns1 n /opp+ at ! *oir1 b runn+ clean r\nd transepts & apsis1 trav]s+ a ,lat9 cross ( m ?an ?ree hundr$ by ne>ly two hundr$ feet4 ,no /a9$ glass--all 9 transp>5t %ad[1 l ! he>t ( a =e/4 ,a *ur* built = use1 n %[2 yet l(ty1 spaci\s1 beautiful1 ) an atmosph]e ( its own :i* is luxury to brea!4 ,n ! gloom ( ! ,duomo1 nor ! gl[ ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 nor yet ! gray ( ,san ,lor5zo2 ! place is haunt$ by a dim1 my/]i\s gladness4 #aig ,al?\gh 9 ! r\nd /yle1 & comp>atively b>r5 ( detail1 x looks l>g] ev5 ?an x is2 l>g] ?an ,santa ,m>ia ,novella or ,santa ,croce4 ,its real magnitude is enhanc$ by its p]fect proportions2 a fact :i* %\ld keep u f flippantly imput+ to ! same cause ! illusive littl5ess ( ,/4 ,pet]'s4 ,b ! gr5adi]s are m>*+ 91 fifty score /rong2 _! bayonets are fla%+ 9 nave & aisle4 ,y w\ld ?9k ! *ur* w\ld nev] hold !m all2 yet !re is room b5ea? ^? br[n ar*es = ?rice z _m m4 ,z soon z ! m5 are =m$1 ! (fic]s m>* d[n ! nave amid/ complete sil5ce--_! brea/s cov]$ ) decorations won at ,mag5ta & ,solf]9o--& range !mselves be=e ! *oir4 ,9 ! transept on _! "r is /ation$ _! b&1 mu* ! be/ 9 ,flor5ce--"s =ty in/rum5ts1 admirably l$1 & ne>ly z good z ! ,au/rian4 ,j z ! music beg9s1 ! *apla91 a h&some1 grave "y ecclesia/ic--foll[$ by two tall gr5adi]s :o s]ve 8 ,mass--advances f ,cronaca's beautiful sacri/y2 &1 )\t ! lea/ appe>ance ( ha/e1 & ) ! utmo/ dignity1 ,mass is said 9 fifte5 m9utes4 ,no noise1 no %uffl+1 no :isp]+1 none ( ! ef=t & =mality ( a fe/a2 ! *>m is t ( a c]emony fir/ beheld j z ! celebrants are fir/ at home 9 _! p>ts4 ,! cavalry ,mass at ,santa ,m>ia ,novella is f> less impos+2 dism\nt$ troop]s are always awkw>d1 & _! b&1 9 ?is in/ance1 is a poor "o4 ,b x 0 v f9e at ,la ,novella--! two dragoons flank+ ! alt> ) nak$ sabres1 else motionless at _! sides1 fla%$ =w>d 9 swift salute at ! elevation4 ,z soon z ,mass 0 ov]1 ! troops disp]s$ & ,i 0 at lib]ty to explore ! *ur*4 ,:at a relief to f9d ! pictures cov]$6 x almo/ reconcil$ me to ,l5t4 ,:at a delight to f9d all ! details unobtrusive--all ! *apels mode/ly 9 ! backgr\nd1 in/ead ( p>ad+ _! comp>ative insignificances4 ,no?+ blank or bald3 a broad1 s+le effect l ! ,si/9e ,sibyls & ,prophets1 or ! ,madonna ( ! ,fi%1 or ! ,idylls ( ! ,k+4 ,9 ! ages ( fai?1 ! monk1 ! noble1 & ! /ate w5t h& 9 h& 9 erect+ & adorn+ ! h\se ( ,god--9 mak+ x gigantic1 beautiful1 imp]i%able1 complete4 ,n only 9 ,italy1 b ?r\gh\t ,europe1 !re 0 a sil5t compact betwe5 ! pres5t & ! future--an assurance t ! inspiration ( to-day w\ld rema9 ! inspiration ( tomorr[--an abid+ conviction t ! cre$ ( ! sire w\ld rema9 = ev] precisely ! cre$ ( ! son4 ,9 ?is belief1 ! f\nd]s ( ! great *ur*es cut out "w = ?ree c5turies ) less misgiv+ ?an we %\ld n[ h 9 project+ = z _m ye>s4 ,! build]s ( ! ,engli% abbeys =esaw n ! day :5 ! tor* & sword & hamm] ( ! desc5dant w\ld be uplift$ to burn1 to /a91 to %att] a repudiat$ inh]itance2 :5 ! rites ( new & ho/ile doctr9es w\ld affront ! few ance/ral temples t 7 sp>$4 ,! ar*itects ( ,/4 ,pet]'s =esaw n ! l>ge revolt = :i* !y 7 unconsci\sly pav+ ! way 9 ,g]many4 ,l ourselves1 to be sure1 !y _h ! record ( ! pa/ be=e !m4 ,!y knew1 z well z we1 t naught 0 left ( ,cor9?1 & next to no?+ ( ,a!ns1 & little ( anci5t ,rome save h] ,colosseum & h] ,pan!on2 t ! temple ( ,solomon 0 a%es2 t ! obelisks 7 pilgrims to ! ,we/2 t ! t5t$ sepul*res ( ! %eph]d k+s /ood solit>y & mean+less 9 ! des]t4 #aih ,b1 9 spite ( all ?is panorama ( mutation & decay1 !y c\ld n subdue ! sacr$ in/9ct ( build+ = et]nity4 ,*ri/ianity 0 s *>g$ ) promise1 triumph1 & immortality t !y fanci$ h] tab]nacles z inde/ructible z h]self4 ,!re 0 a joy\s tru/1 too1 t ! "t 0 at h&1 a confid5t expectation t ^? domes & spires w\ld abide till ! com+ ( ! ,son ( man 9 ! glory ( 8 ,fa!r ) 8 angels4 ,b ! ,engli% ,re=mation1 ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 & ,italian ,unification h taught u t ! monum5ts ( ! new fai?1 in/ead ( be+ specially exempt f injury1 are peculi>ly liable to insult & mutilation4 ,m5 & nations h measurably ceas$ to c>e or expect to p]petuate !mselves ?r\gh ! temple & ! tomb4 ,! s\l ( ar*itecture has receiv$ a %ock4 ,h] ?rone is ! solitude or ! wa/e4 ,%e lurks amid/ ru9s & relics1 ! v ,hag> ( art4 ,%e t seem$ mightie/ has prov$ weake/2 h] da9ti] si/]s1 sculpture & song1 h triumph$ :]e %e fail$4 ,! /atues t adorn$ h] porticoes are upright /ill1 b ! porticoes !mselves are ov]?r[n4 ,! lay1 ! leg5d1 ! *ronicle1 committ$ ) ply+ f+] to pap] or p>*m5t1 are liv+1 :ile ! =ms ( beauty & gr&eur entru/$ to m>ble are brok5 or b5ea? ! s&s4 ,"h & !re y meet h] skeleton 9 ! wild]ness1 h] :ite arm uprais$ 9 sublime self-ass]tion2 b ?\gh ! /ory ( ,z5obia is immortal1 !re is sc>cely a column ( ,palmyra /&+4 ,! v mummy1 ) 8 dry papyrus :i* a sp>k might annihilate1 may *ance to survive 8 pyramid6 ,nature has turn$ aga9/ h]2 matt] has play$ h] false4 ,%e has toil$ a ?\s& ye>s 9 granite1 iron1 c$>--9 all t seem$ solide/1 h>de/1 firme/3 h] back is b5t ) hone/ toil1 h] h&s are r\gh5$ ) mallet & *isel2 yet ! dream ( a poet trac$ on calfsk9 outla/s ! vision embodi$ 9 trav]t9e or porphyry4 ,if an e>?quake %ook ! ,val d',arno1 ! canvas ( ,giotto w\ld survive 8 campanile4 ,:at mock]y1 !n1 to p]si/ 9 attempt+ ! inde/ructible :5 dissolution or dis9tegration is ! inevitable doom ( ! mat]ial6 ,"t has demon/rat$ t ! m pond]\s ! in/rum5t ( expression1 ! less easy ( p]petuation ! art4 ,! oblit]at$ manuscript c be =c$ to reappe>1 b no *emi/ry c reproduce ! vani%$ temple4 ,! greate/ =ces ( ! univ]se are precisely ^? :i* are subtle/ & lea/ sub/antial4 ,/eam & electricity are well-nigh impalpable & invisible4 ,x is ! _s1 n ! body1 save z purg$ & spiritualiz$ by decay1 t exi/s = ev]4 ,away1 !n1 ) ! unatta9able6 ,away ) a miscall$ real6 ,if x1 too1 is a *eat1 may x n be c\nt]feit$ ) impunity8 ,away ) column ( /one1 ) lacework ( frett$ m>ble1 ) blazonry 9 oak & walnut6 ,away ) all /ubborn1 difficult tru?1 & welcome brick & mort>1 la? & pla/]1 pa9t & :itewa%1 gilt & v>ni%4 ,if ! *eap w look z well or ne>ly z well z ! de>1 :y n use x8 ,x is no fals]1 only soon] fals]4 ,:5 x we>s out or burns up or tumbles d[n1 try x aga94 ,be done ) ! t[] ( ,babel3 its curse cl+s fa/] to ar*itecture ?an to spee*4 ,& z = ! gigantic1 drop x6 #aii ,x is always a disappo9tm5t--a disappo9tm5t 9 nature & art1 9 m9/]1 m\nta91 /ream--a disappo9tm5t 9 all ?+s save ! broad dome ( ! empyrean ) its floor ( em]ald1 its ceil+ ( unfa?om$ blue or /udd$ bronze1 its drap]ies ( %ift+1 w+$1 e!real cl\dl&4 ,yes1 art1 l ! arti/1 mu/ enc\nt] dea?4 ,b %all we embrace ! mean because soon] or lat] we mu/ rel9qui% ! great8 ,%all we =sake ! p]man5t = ! transi5t because ! endur+ falls %ort ( ! ev]la/+8 ,%all we inaugurate a reign ( %am because ! real is n always ! p]petual8 ,il pessimo nemico del b5e l'amator del ottimo4 ,! muses %\ld nev] p\t3 ea* art %\ld rev]5tly accept its limitations4 ,?\gh ! p5 is mighti] ?an p5cil or *isel1 ?\gh only ! ^w & ! song are privileg$ to pass intact f age to age1 yet a portion ( ! s\l ( pla/ic art may sometimes baffle decay4 ,ev5 9 ru91 ar*itecture is n )\t its pr\d] consolations4 ,ex p$e1 ,h]culem4 ,:ile a bone ( h] survives1 imag9ation c approximate a resurrection ( ! dep>t$ :ole4 ,! malice ( h] sworn enemies1 ! elem5ts1 is sometimes provid5tially h] salvation2 ! %r\d$ lava ( ,vesuvius embalm$ a m vivid pres5tation ( ,roman life & mann]s ?an lives 9 ! pages ( ,t]5ce or ,plautus4 ,a brok5 %aft1 a fragm5t>y ar*1 a section ( ,cyclopean wall1 is at once a poem1 a *ronicle1 & a picture4 ,! ru9 is "t's au!ntic seal1 )\t :i* hi/ory 7 z inconclusive z ! my?4 ,! pa/ is a pres5t voice z long z a ve/ige ( its ar*itecture rema9s4 ,! ,column ( ,trajan is ! be/ orator ( ! =um n[2 !re is a deep] *>m 9 ! liv+ eloqu5ce ( ! ,colosseum ?an 9 ! dead ?und] ( ! ,philippics4 ,footnote #hh ,we are z aw$ & />tl$ :5 unexpect$ly confront$ by "s m\ld]+ b /ill brea?+ monum5t ( antiquity1 z if ! =m ( ! dea?less evangeli/ /ood bodily be=e u4 ,footnote #hh3 ,tully 0 n s eloqu5t z ?\1 ,?\ nameless column ) ! buri$ base6 ,we p]fectly und]/& & sympa?ize ) ! mod]n in/9ct t recoils f imp>t+ a m ?an ne$ful p]man5ce to private dwell+s4 ,! home ( man is sulli$ ) l[ c>es & (fices2 b5ea? ! scre5 & %elt] ( its ro( ! wor/ passions are (t5 n\ri%$1 ! d>ke/ my/]ies are sometimes celebrat$4 ,9 _m an anci5t manor1 !re is sc>cely a *amb] )\t its leg5d ( s91 sc>cely a floor )\t its blood/a94 ,b ! ,h\se ( ,god is ! witness ( ! virtues1 n ! vices1 ( humanity2 )9 its hall[$ prec9cts ! casual pr(anity & levity ( ! few are q lo/ 9 ! e>ne/ adoration ( ! _m2 ! :isp]s ( blasphemy dr[n$ 9 ! ceaseless tide ( g5]al ?anksgiv+2 ! rebelli\s beat+s ( passion hu%$ 9 ! solemn *orus ( p5it5ce & praise4 ,! long] x endures1 ! holi] x becomes4 ,its aisles are impregnat$ ) pray]1 its vaults enri*$ ) a%es ( ! ble/1 its alt>s radiant ) ! w9e ( sacrifice4 ,beh9d ! doors ( ! palace & ! dwell+1 "t is sure to plant ! spectre & ! ?orn2 beh9d ! doors ( ! ca!dral1 ! angel & ! palm4 ,! prim>y *>m ( *ur* ar*itecture is v]acity4 ,! int]ior ( ,santo ,spirito is p]fect tru?4 ,! columns are1 :at !y claim to be1 /one2 ! balu/rade ( ! *oir is1 :at x claims to be1 bronze2 ! alt> :at x claims to be1 pietra dura4 #bjj ,y d n s\nd a pill> & he> a lie1 or scrat* a panel & see a lie1 or t\* a jewel & feel a lie4 ,all is fair1 squ>e1 hone/--n ev5 ! m9ute/ lurk+ ins9c]ity to vex ! ,p>aclete4 ,i soon le>n$ to love ,santo ,spirito z well z any ,flor5t9e2 to love x bett] ?an ! ,duomo ) its w9d[s ( a ?\s& dyes2 bett] ?an ! bride ( ,buon>roti ,) h] frescoes ( ,masaccio1 h] ,madonna ( ,cimabue's1 h] ,crucifix ( ,giotto's2 bett] ev5 ?an ,santa ,croce ) its a%es ( ,angelo1 its ,annunciation ( ,donatello's1 its ,canova's ,alfi]i4 ,i us$ to sit = h\rs 9 its spaci\s *oir1 undi/urb$ ev5 by ! dull1 nasal1 inh>moni\s *ant+ ( ! good ,augu/9ians1 & li/5 to ! s]mons prea*$ by ^? dim1 un5d+ ar*es4 ---------- ,translat$ ,f ,! ,revue ,du ,monde ,ca?olique4 ,! ,/atue ,( ,! ,cure ,d'ars1 ,inaugurat$ ,at ,ars1 ,augu/ #e1 #ahfg4 ,god's purposes sometimes reveal !mselves 9 a mann] greatly to p]plex u4 ,!y move contr>y to all =esight or to any human logic4 ,day succe$s to night1 light to d>kness1 hope to despair1 )\t any app>5t reason1 inde$ 9 spite ( reason itself4 ,:5 all seems lo/1 !n ev]y?+ is rega9$1 & ev5 dea? itself appe>s to live anew4 ,! hi/ory ( religion is full ( su* decay & su* reg5]ation4 ,aft] ! frightful crisis ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 "o w\ld h ?\ght ! ,*ur* entirely ab&on$1 & t no new brea? c\ld revive ! fall5 ru9s :i* ! ef=ts ( a hundr$ ye>s _h accumulat$4 ,! p9nacle ( ! temple is crumbl$1 & ! clew ( heav5 comes to moi/5 ! face ( ! kneel+ believ]1 says1 9 8 !atrical & pseudo-biblical /yle1 ! mo/ celebrat$ enemy ( our "t4 ,footnote #hi ,footnote #hi3 ,m4 ,r5an4 ,_m ,*ri/ians 7 di/ress$1 & ! timid brav$ ) difficulty ! univ]sal defection4 ,t :i* !y believ$ 9 0 d5i$1 t :i* !y ador$ 0 burn$1 & t :i* !y lov$ 0 disgrac$4 ,god p]mits ^! humiliations1 to %[ u t ! "w is all ( 8 h&1 & su/a9$ only by him4 ,to ! triumphant cries ( 8 adv]s>ies1 to ! cry ( di/ress f 8 fai?ful1 he has respond$ by ! glori\s miracle :i* et]nally atte/s 8 p[]4 ,laz>us 0 9 ! tomb2 he has re/or$ him to life6 ,! ,*ur*1 said its enemies1 0 cru%$ to ! e>?2 he has revivifi$ x4 ,to ! eighte5? c5tury1 ! mo/ impi\s & corrupt ( c5turies1 he has caus$ ! n9ete5? to succe$1 :i* w rema9 9 hi/ory "o ( ! mo/ fruitful & beautiful ( ! ,*ur*4 ,to speak prop]ly1 ! n9ete5? c5tury seems to h = its mission ! rais+ ( ! ru9s made by its pr$ecessor4 #bja ,foll[+ x ov] all ! e>?1 & tak+ up its "w z a c\nt]p>t1 ! pres5t c5tury repairs ! brea*es made be=e x & re-e/abli%es at ea* po9t ! =tresses & ramp>ts ( virtue4 ,)\t d\bt ! enemy is /ill vigor\s2 he is f> f be+ vanqui%$1 & puts =? 8 la/ ef=ts4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury is a li/ :]e tru? & error1 good & evil1 give !mselves up to solemn combat4 ,! gr\nd is cle>$1 ! int]m$iate que/ions laid aside1 & ea* p>ty kn[s well :at he wi%es & :]e he goes4 ,scepticism & mat]ialism nev] _h a m brilliant c>e]2 nev] h tru? & ,*ri/ian virtues %one ) great] clat4 ,9 :i* camp w re/ ! victory8 ,?is is ,god's own secret1 & only f ! pa/ may we pr$ict ! future4 ,9 no age1 p]haps1 ev5 9 its be/ days1 has ! ,*ur* collect$ ar\nd h] s _m & su* valiant *ampions4 ,! greate/ bi%ops1 ! greate/ writ]s1 ! greate/ orators1 h succe$$ ea* o!r = ne>ly a hundr$ ye>s1 & h =m$ = _! spiritual "m a magnific5t cr[n ( sci5ce & g5ius4 ,speak+ 9 a lit]>y po9t ( view1 ! age belongs to ,ca?olics2 our adv]s>ies1 by ! side ( our apologi/s1 make b a paltry figure4 ,works1 too1 are on a level ) ! m9ds t inspire !m4 ,nev] h !y be5 s num]\s1 & nev] s fruitful4 ,f\ndations ( all sorts1 *ur*es1 mona/]ies1 ord]s1 missions1 s*ools1 hospitals1 orphan-asylums1 h multipli$ 9 emulation ( ea* o!r4 ,a small "p ( ! works ( our day w\ld suffice = ! glory ( any epo*4 ,! cl]gy enc\rage & direct ^! movem5ts2 !y display zeal & self-abnegation2 &1 devot$ to _! *iefs1 !y become m & m devot$ to ! *ur*4 ,! lite ( society d !m honor by foll[+ 9 _! foot/eps4 ,disabus$ ( ! unheal?y & de/ructive ideas by :i* _! fa!rs 7 lo/1 & in/ruct$ by a hundr$ ye>s ( exp]i5ce & mis]y1 ! high] classes1 9 ,france especially1 return ) simplicity to ! fai? & to ! ,*ri/ian virtues4 ,ob$i5t to ! et]nal law :i* regulates society1 ! l[] classes by degrees model !mselves accord+ to _! example4 ,! c5t5>y ftes1 ! canonizations1 ! pilgrimages ( ,salette1 ,l\rdes1 & o!rs1 are liv+ witnesses ( ! f]vor ( ! cl]gy & ! public fai?4 ,&1 to cr[n all1 ! ,*ur* nev] atte/$ its sup]natural fecundity by su* a numb] ( sa9ts & m>tyrs4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury is ! ri*e/ 9 canonizations4 ,:5 ! ,*ur* is accus$ ( be+ exhau/$1 %e replies by %[+ a new h>ve/4 ,& :at sa9ts6 :at models6 ,! ,labres1 ! ,g]ma9e ,c\s9s1 ! ,m>ie ,alacoques1 ! ,cure's d',ars6 ,! greate/ defiance ?r[n at our "t1 & ! mo/ viol5t anti!sis ( its ideas & in/9cts1 is ! actual ,*ri/ianity 9 our mid/--s ho/ile to ! _s ( ! _w & ! _s ( ! age4 ,,ii4 ,two m5 seem to repres5t & r5ew ! p]iods t foll[ !m1 & ! et]nal t5d5cies ( humanity4 ,^! two m5 (f] a similitude & a contr>iety s /range1 t x seems z if ,god _h oppos$ ! "o to ! o!r to make ! balance equal4 ,_! skulls ev51 & ! =m ( _! faces1 pres5t /rik+ analogies4 ,! expression is contr>y1 b ! m>k is ! same4 #bjb ,bo?1 born a hundr$ ye>s ap>t1 h inhabit$ ! same c\ntry2 bo? h pass$ ! great] "p ( _! lives 9 two villages t t\* ea* o!r1 & ^! two villages1 s obscure be=e _! "t1 h ?r\gh !m atta9$ extraord9>y celebrity4 ,ea* has be5 ! object ( ! _w's att5tion1 & ea* ! goal ( eag] pilgrimages4 ,! eighte5? c5tury ru%$ ) ardor to ,f]ney2 ! n9ete5? goes to ,ars 9 great] transports4 ,z ! n9ete5? c5tury is to ,ca?olics ! retaliation = ! eighte5?1 s ,ars is ! retaliation = ,f]ney4 ,footnote #ij ,footnote #ij3 ,?is expression is f ! ,abb ,monn91 a mission>y at ,ars1 :o has giv5 to ! life ( ! ,cur d',ars sev]al popul> works ( r>e m]it4 ,^! are ! resemblances1 & great !y are4 ,! diff]5ces are great] /ill4 ,"o1 to speak prop]ly1 p]sonifies ! g5ius ( evil4 ,scepticism1 wick$ irony1 h>dness ( he>t1 corruption ( m9d & s5ses1 egotism & cupidity1 unit$ 9 =m+ a mod]n corypheus4 ,! o!r p]sonifies ! _s ( good4 ,tru?1 purity1 self-abnegation1 love ( ,god & man1 ! _s ( sacrifice & mortification1 9 a ^w1 all ( moral gr&eur reveal$ to man by ,*ri/ himself1 has r>ely an exemplifi] m p]fect4 ,"o is ! type ( ! ,*ri/ian1 elevat+ himself to ! sa9ts1 to ! angels2 ! o!r is ! anti-,*ri/ian type1 desc5d+ to ! curs$1 to ! demons4 ,ea* has attract$ ! att5tion ( man by ! mo/ opposite means3 ! fir/ by 8 delicacy ( wit equall+ 8 duplicity2 ! second by 8 integrity & a simplicity ( "* bright5$ app>5tly by sup]natural rays2 ! fir/ by 8 pride1 ! second by 8 humility2 ! fir/ by noise1 ! second by sil5ce4 ,ea* has ex]cis$ t[>d 8 contempor>ies results ! mo/ contr>y4 ,! ref9$ 9 wick$ness1 ! utt]ly corrupt$1 visit$ ! s*ol> to plunge deep] 9 p]v]sity4 ,entire populations1 j m5 & m5 ( good w1 visit$ ! prie/ to e/abli% !mselves 9 ju/ice1 or submit _! d\bts to him1 & g on t[>d p]fection4 ,bo? /ill effect by _! m9ds & _! remembrance--f "o portion ( ! _w to ! o!r--! same consequ5ces4 ,& t is n all4 ,! _w flies f ! fir/1 z 8 "* & doctr9es become bett] elucidat$4 ,x approa*es ! second1 z he is bett] kn[n1 & ! beauty ( 8 "* develop$4 ,f]ney 0 ab&on$ %ortly aft] ! dea? ( him :o 0 its c5tre2 ! factiti\s or true admiration accord$ him by ! mo/ brilliant & p]v]t$ ( 8 age c\ld n survive ! p]i%able attraction :i* ,voltaire ex]cis$4 ,to-day ,f]ney is only visit$ by amateurs 9 human curiosity4 ,ars1 on ! contr>y1 gr[s great] & great]4 ,! s5tim5t :i* attracts p ?i!r increases h\r by h\r1 & ! entire _w kn[s ! "n ( ! obscure village1 ^: e*o ev5 seems to ar\se ! mo/ indiff]5t4 ,multitudes flock !re incessantly1 & :5 ,f]ney & ! memory ( ,voltaire1 ! h]o ( impiety ( ! la/ age1 %all by degrees h disappe>$1 ,ars & ! memory ( its cur1 ! h]o ( tru? & ( ! pres5t age1 w attract /ill great] cr[ds1 /ill great] homage4 ,by a circum/ance n less /range ?an ^? already m5tion$ ( ^! two m5 s totally diff]5t1 ! erection ( a /atue to ea* is n[ occupy+ ! public m9d4 ,unhe>d ( ef=ts h be5 made to erect t ( ,voltaire--z ,raymond ,bruck] says--by ! h& ( ! execution]1 = ! meane/ /ratagems & ! mo/ trifl+ falsities h be5 resort$ to2 & by d9t ( puff+ & sc&al1 our little ,voltairians1 :om ,voltaire himself w\ld dis[n1 w p]haps atta9 _! glori\s end4 #bjc ,& )\t ef=t1 )\t puff+1 )\t sc&al or impo/ure ( any k9d1 by ! simple emotion ( love & ( ,*ri/ian v5]ation1 to ! sa9t ( ! n9ete5? c5tury is be+ erect$ a /atue wor?y ( him4 ,be=e criticis+ ?is "w1 lately inaugurat$ at ,ars ) great solemnity1 ,i w relate its hi/ory4 ,x is suffici5tly /rik+ to m]it be+ kn[n1 & places 9 bold relief "o side ( ! p]son x is de/9$ to repres5t4 ,,iii4 ,! ,cur d',ars ob/9ately refus$ to sit = 8 portrait4 ,on ?is po9t he 0 m obdurate ?an a ,mussulman1 & nev] l5t himself to any proposition or /ratagem ! end ( :i* 0 to reproduce 8 p]son4 ,sev]al arti/s1 work+ op5ly1 _h be5 reject$2 o!rs1 us+ hidd5 means1 wat*+ = ! prie/1 & foll[+ him 9 ! /reet or 9 *ur*1 _h be5 w>n$ to keep quiet4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 ,m4 ,emili5 ,cabu*et1 ! au?or ( ! /atue ( :i* we are go+ to speak1 pres5t$ himself at ,ars4 ,he 0 furni%$ ) a lett] f ! bi%op1 & num]\s recomm5dations4 ,he did n d\bt 8 success1 & acco/$ ! cur1 & spoke ( 8 bus9ess ) a delib]ate air4 ,no1 no1 ,i d n wi% x1 said ! cur2 nei!r = monseigneur1 nor = y1 my arti/-fri5d6 ,at lea/1 add$ ! prie/1 *ang+ 8 m9d1 & tak+ up a favorite idea1 unless monseigneur w p]mit me to g away imm$iately1 & weep ov] my poor life6 ,b1 ,monsieur le ,cur-- ,x is useless4 ,! discomfit$ arti/ ran to relate 8 adv5ture to ! mission>ies e/abli%$ ne> ! cur4 ,!y gave him new c\rage4 ,p]sev]e6 said !y to him4 ,y are n "h to make y\r c\rt to ! ,cur d',ars1 b to make 8 portrait4 ,g on1 we w su/a9 y4 ,?us reassur$1 ! arti/ risk$ ev]y?+1 & comm5c$ by foll[+ ! curate to *ur*4 ,dur+ ! ,mass he 0 beh9d ! curate1 at ! s]mon back ( ! good wom51 & at ! cate*ism beh9d ! *ildr54 ,e "o assi/$ him1 & took "p 9 ! ent]prise4 ,! arti/ held ! wax betwe5 8 f+]s1 & modell$ 9 ! bottom ( 8 hat--8 eye n[ on ! cur1 n[ on 8 "w4 ,sometimes1 to mislead ! prie/1 he pret5d$ to pray ) f]vor1 or to foll[ att5tively ! in/ruction4 ,he ?\ght he 0 v adroit4 ,"o day ! cur b5t t[>d him4 ,y are well aw>e1 monsieur1 said he 9 a g5tle tone1 t y are caus+ di/raction to e "o--& to me also6 ,:at 0 he to d8 ,h[ def5d himself to a man s v polite6 ,i w\ld h pref]r$ h>%ness1 said ! arti/ to me4 ,?is g5tl5ess disconc]t$ me4 ,he return$ to ! mona/]y decid$ to r5\nce ! ent]prise4 ,p]sev]e6 aga9 said ! mission>ies4 ,! arti/ r5ew$ 8 "w4 ,two days aft]1 9 ! /reet1 :]e he n[ work$ f *oice1 ! cur aga9 address$ him3 ,h y1 !n1 no?+ to d at home8 ,o ,monsieur le ,cur6 "o w\ld ?9k t y w\ld turn me out ( doors4 ,?is "t ! cur 0 disconc]t$4 #bjd ,no1 no1 said he eag]ly1 & slightly emb>rass$4 ,/ay z long z y *oose1 b don't beg9 aga96 444 ,! next day1 see+ ! cur s surr\nd$ t he c\ld n dis5gage himself1 & 9 dang] ( leav+ 8 cassock 9 ! h&s ( ! pilgrims1 ! arti/ ran to 8 relief & (f]$ him 8 arm4 ,i con/itute myself y\r bodygu>d1 said he gallantly4 ,!n ,i am emp]or6 444 ,b ?is is n ! "q4 ,d y "k1 ,i w\ld l to excommunicate y8 ,really1 ,monsieur le ,cur1 :at a trem5d\s ^w6 ,h ,i1 !n1 committ$ s %ock+ a crime8 ,bah6 y und]/& me well en\gh4 ,well !n1 :at8 ,y cause me con/ant di/raction2 & :5 y ?9k s]i\sly1 w\ld x n be f> bett] to take ! head ( ! fir/ dog y meet8 ,o ,monsieur le ,cur6 ,& :5 ! model 0 f9i%$ & ! cur saw x1 ,well1 said he1 x is n a subject ( rejoic+6 ,look at ! poor ,cur d',ars6 ,h[ odd x is1 add$ he1 y\r p[] ( giv+ life to pla/]6 ,,iv4 ,i h giv5 ?is dialogue at l5g?1 z x 0 repeat$ to me by ! arti/4 ,if ,i am n deceiv$1 x repres5ts well ! "* ( ! good prie/2 8 humility1 8 humor1 8 brusqu5ess t\*$ ) raill]y1 8 polit5ess & goodness--all are well portray$4 ,all ?is is reproduc$ 9 ! /atue4 ,x gives u ! "* ( ! dialogue1 & ! almo/ leg5d>y figure t our contempor>ies h se51 & :i* w pass to po/]ity4 ,! ,cur d',ars is kneel+ 9 8 cassock1 ) ! surplice1 rabat1 & /ole4 ,8 h&s are jo9$1 8 eyes uplift$ to heav54 ,a sweet smile bright5s 8 face4 ,8 hair1 cut (f squ>e1 falls on 8 neck 9 abundant locks1 & %av5 closely on ! top ( 8 head2 8 =ehead is left free4 ,! prie/ prays ) su* f]vor & su* fai?1 ,i may say a passion :i* makes u ?9k ( p>adise4 ,angels mu/ pray 9 ?is way4 ,8 h&s are ext5d$ t[>d heav5 ) an int5sity ( emotion2 ! eyes h s mu* ardor 9 _! expression t ! _s ( pray] seems to lift ! body f e>? & c>ry x to heav54 ,i "k no "w ) m life 9 x2 !re does n exi/ a m impassion$ /atue4 ,fai?1 love1 & desire1 transfigur$ 9 ?is m>ble block1 animate x & give x a /rik+ reality4 ,z a :ole1 ! "w (f]s a new & excell5t type ( ! religi\s sculpture ( our age4 ,! arti/ has set aside classical lessons & prov$ himself 9 ! "r4 ,! remembrances ( antiquity %\ld n int]f]e 9 ! realization ( an ideal tak5 f ! v he>t ( contempor>y life & ! pres5t ,*ri/ian age4 ,go?ic traditions are ev5 neglect$1 & ! au?or has be5 c>eful to give ! figure ! seal ( its own "t1 8 good ta/e caus+ him to avoid ! quicks&s into :i* s _m o!rs h fall54 ,wi%+ to repres5t a man ( our "t1 ! sculptor w\ld h committ$ an ana*ronism to be regrett$ if he _h impress$ 8 "* ) a my/icism & p[] :i* di/+ui%$ ! p]sonages ( ! art ( ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? c5turies4 ,9 ! _s ( tru? he 0 to give to ! _w a sa9t1 & 9 ?is sa9t ! beatific expression :i* 9 ! pr]ogative ( ! sa9ts ( e age2 b ov] & above ?is g5]al feature !re 0 an ord] ( second>y %ades he 0 oblig$ to respect1 to give to ! figure its age & physiognomy4 #bje ,m4 ,cabu*et has admirably seiz$ & r5d]$ ! d\ble "* ,i h tri$ to def9e4 ,8 sa9t is z my/ical z ! sa9ts ( ! middle ages1 yet he has ! reality ( a man ( our "t4 ,go?ic1 or r ,*ri/ian1 9 s5tim5t1 he is mod]n1 & ev5 ,fr5*1 9 8 ext]ior aspect4 ,su*1 9 a few words1 is ! exact appreciation %[n 9 ?is "w ( ,m4 ,cabu*et1 & ! d\ble reflection gives him1 9 my op9ion1 ! highe/ rank among sculptors ( 8 age4 ,! imitation ( antiquity w\ld h produc$ a dead "w2 ! imitation ( ! middle ages w\ld h produc$ a "w imp]sonal & hi]atic2 b go+ out ( himself & all national traditions1 inspir$ only ) 8 subject & 8 "t1 ! arti/ has br\ght to light a new & /rik+ piece ( "w1 a true specim5 ( religi\s & mod]n sculpture4 ,x is easy to see :at remembrances & :at ma/]s h direct$ ?is /atue4 ,fr5* sculpture1 z its pa9t+1 has p>ticul> traits :i* are easily recogniz$4 ,less correct1 p]haps1 & less noble ?an ,greek or ,italian sculpture1 x has an ease1 a p[]1 a life1 t has no equal4 ,puget & ,h\don are ! two =emo/ arti/s 9 our s*ool1 s ess5tially ,fr5*4 ,us+ ,greek models only to simplify & enri* _! /yle1 !y h s\ght beyond ev]y?+ expression & ! p[] ( motion4 ,m4 ,cabu*et has foll[$ _! example1 &1 walk+ 9 _! foot/eps1 has giv5 u a "w ( :i* 8 ma/]s c\ld n be a%am$4 ,9 look+ at ! /atue ( ! ,cur d',ars ! spectator is rem9d$ ( ! celebrat$ /atue ( ,voltaire by ,h\don2 n only t ! resemblance ( ! two faces is unacc\ntably /rik+1 b because ! build & ! ext]ior appe>ance ( ! m>bles (f] inconte/able analogies4 ,9 bo? /atues we f9d ! same amplitude1 ! same facility1 ! same light & s(t mann]2 9 bo? ! details are uni=mly sacrific$ to ! :ole1 & ! :ole owes to ?is mode ( execution a m decorative & lifelike repres5tation4 ,voltaire is seat$1 8 h&s lean+ ^u1 almo/ cl9*+1 ! arms ( 8 *air4 ,! ,cur d',ars is on 8 knees4 ,voltaire smiles ) a cynical air1 z if rejoic+ 9 ! ru9 he has made4 ,dors tu cont5t1 ,voltaire1 et ton hideux s\rire4 ,footnote #ia ,footnote #ia3 ,re/ cont5t1 ,voltaire1 & ?y hide\s smile4--,alfr$ ,de ,musset4 ,! ,cur d',ars smiles ) ! ineffably sweet smile ( ^? :o see ,god & dream ( ! happ9ess ( _! equals4 ,9 ! two m>bles1 ! head is ! same2 ! =ehead is ! same2 ! two *eek-bones1 s prom95t1 are ! same2 ! rec$+ *9 is ! same2 ! m\? op5s by ! same smile4 ,9 "o x has a repulsive & satanic "*2 9 ! o!r x is angelical & attractive4 ,ev]y?+ is simil> except ! expression4 ,! features are bro!rs--tw9s1 ,i might say2 ! s\ls t animate ^! features are z divid$ z ! poles4 ,9 ea* face ! cornea ( ! eye is repres5t$ by a deeply cut circle1 a /yle ( c>v+ peculi> to ! be/ age ( /atu>y4 ,?is has giv5 to ea* an int5sity ( look2 & :ile t ( ,voltaire is l[]$ t[>d ! e>?1 & only expresses ! bas] passions1 t ( ! ,cur d',ars is uplift$ to ! sky1 & reflects ! joys ( 8 moral sup]iority4 #bjf ,?us1 we see1 ! two /atues give p]fectly ! "* & life ( _! respective models4 ,! fir/ seems to rise f regions ( hope & love1 ! second f despair & malevol5ce4 ,"o repres5ts ! consol] & savi\r1 ! o!r ! spoil]1 ! demoli%] ( s\ls & consci5ces4 ,x w\ld be easy to po9t out o!r resemblances & o!r contra/s4 ,to complete ?is analysis x is well to add1 t ! /atue ( ! ,cur d',ars recalls an elem5t t ! au?or has n tak5 f our own s*ool4 ,e "o conv]sant ) art w rememb] ! figure ( ,san ,diego 9 ,murillo's picture vulg>ly call$ ! ,kit*5 ( ! ,angels4 ,! sa9t prays to ,god = ! actual necessities ( ! abbey1 & ,god s5ds 8 angels to prep>e ! repa/ ( ! monks4 ,sev]al g5tlem51 visit+ ! conv5t1 look on ) a/oni%m5t at ! sa9t rais$ f ! e>?1 ravi%$ ) ec/asy1 8 h&s jo9$1 8 eyes uplift$ to heav51 :ile ! angels are gett+ ready ! d9n]4 ,! natural & sup]natural 7 nev] m widely sep>at$4 ,murillo has pa9t$ ! p]sonages work+ a miracle z he w\ld any p]son 9 any ord9>y action ( life2 yet :o t has se5 ?is picture w ev] =get x8 ,x is evid5t t our arti/ 0 /ruck by x1 & t ! ,san ,diego ( ,murillo has occurr$ to him m ?an once :5 he repres5t$ ! ,cur d',ars4 ,he has be5 inspir$ by x z a true arti/1 gu>d+ 8 own orig9ality4 ,8 h]o has v mu* ! same simplicity t *>act]izes ! sa9t ( ! ,spani% pa9t]1 ! same natural 9 ! sup]natural1 ! same ease ( vision & ec/asy4 ,bo? see1 & 9 see+ !y evid5ce none ( ! fe> or surprise :i* c\ld actuate ! less assur$ believ]4 ,!y see2 !y are 9 heav5 ) ,god & 8 angels2 !y conv]se ) !m1 & _! faces express no o!r s5sation ?an ! t5d] & deep joy ( ! man :o has discov]$ 8 ideal4 ,delicate & pr(\nd *>act]i/ic6 %ade difficult to seize1 & :i* con/itutes ! true ess5ce ( m5 liv+ 9 ,god1 & beg9n+ on e>? _! immat]ial exi/5ce4 ,x ne$s m ?an an arti/ to fix ?is & give x =m4 ,only a simple & pi\s ,*ri/ian c\ld cr[n ! heads ( our bless$ ones ) ! my/ical aureole t ! believ] alone discov]s2 only a ,*ri/ian c\ld give to ! figures ( :i* we speak ! attitude & life s manife/ly /ol5 f regions ( beatitude4 ,! great difficulty ( ! "w consi/$ 9 ?is %ade1 & t may be said to =m ! p]fect :ole4 ,! arti/'s title to glory is 9 8 hav+ kn[n h[ to compreh5d & realize ?is1 & s give to 8 /atue ! fre$om ( none o!r4 ,let u dwell on ?is expression ( sanctity--! di/9ctive feature 9 ! p]sonage produc$ by ,m4 ,cabu*et4 ,sanctity has a /rik+ly physiological "*4 ,x *anges ! ext]ior man1 & trans=ms 8 c\nt5ance4 ,! action ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 dwell+ con/antly 9 ! s\l1 gives to ! features a reflection ( a sup]ior ord]4 ,sanctity1 to speak prop]ly1 repres5ts ! fusion ( div9e & human nature4 ,! p]vad+ feature ( sa9ts is a calm1 a s]5ity1 a natural goodness :i* attracts & subjugates u4 ,! transfigur$ s\l transfigures its envelope1 & we might imag9e div9ity %[+ itself ?r\gh ! encasem5t ( ! body4 ,if ! beautiful is ! glory ( tru?1 ! sa9t is ! glory ( good4 #bjg ,! /atue ( ! ,cur d',ars possesses to a /rik+ degree ?is supras5sible aspect t ,i h j notic$4 ,by contact ) div9ity ! m>ble itself is transfigur$--grace %$s its beams & gives to ! features a k9d ( immat]ial transp>5cy4 ,jesus ,*ri/ is pres5t & brea!s into ! passionate & ravi%$ eyes1 into ! lips & ! bless$ smile2 ! p]sonage lives 9 ano!r _w2 8 attitude1 8 movem5ts h no?+ 9 common ) e>?4 ,if ! spectator c\ld ignore ! "n ( ! prie/ repres5t$1 8 att5tion w\ld n be less arre/$1 & he w\ld easily recognize 9 8 face ! pres5ce ( a sup]natural elem5t1 height5+ ! human p]sonality4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 ,i w make a rem>k4 ,! body ( ! ,cur d',ars is n 9 unison ) 8 face2 x is too mat]ial1 too vigor\s1 too vulg> ev51 if ,i d>e speak f my he>t4 ,! cassock ( ! ,cur d',ars seems to h no?+ "u its l>ge folds1 said ! biograph]4 444 ,he 0 a %ad[1 add$ he /ill fur!r4 ,n[1 ! ,cur d',ars ( ! arti/ has no?+ ( a %ad[y appe>ance4 ,8 %\ld]s are /rong1 8 brea/ l>ge1 8 h&s knotty4 ,! sculptor has wi%$ to express ! humble orig9 ( ! prie/1 b 9 my op9ion he has =gott5 ! trans=mation :i* ! contemplative & my/ical life _h necess>ily op]at$ 9 ! organization ( ! sa9t4 ,?is rem>k1 necess>y to be made1 detracts no?+1 or almo/ no?+1 f ! m]it ( ! "w2 x c\ld only be appreciat$ by ^? :o h p]sonally kn[n ! ,cur d',ars1 & ceases to be ( import s9ce 8 dea?4 ,v4 ,we c n[ und]/& ! "* & v>i\s m]its ( ! /atue ( ,m4 ,cabu*et4 ,all :o see x retire satisfi$1 & ! mass ( spectators are /ruck by ! pi\s & compassionate expression ( ! holy prie/4 ,connoisseurs admire ! fre$om ( ! effect & ( ! execution4 ,! au?or may be pr\d ( 8 success4 ,he has paid = x by ef=t & angui% ( e k9d1 & x is well to "k sometimes ^! arti/-/ruggles1 t we may rightly value ! works t *>m u s mu*4 ,:5 ! /atue came f ! work%op ( ! f9i%]1 ! sculptor did n recognize x4 ,he _h expect$ 8 model to be reproduc$ on a less gr& scale1 & ! diff]5ce ( proportion r5d]$ x n easy to be kn[n aga94 ,at su* a result ,cabu*et exp]i5c$ "o ( ^? c\nt]-bl[s :i* h made c]ta9 "y arti/s ( tw5ty gr[ old 9 a qu>t] ( an h\r1 & only ^? :o h tri$ to realize an ideal c p]fectly und]/& su* emotion4 ,b5v5uto & ,palissy 9 simil> mom5ts 7 tak5 ) fev]s :i* br\ght !m to ! v portals ( ! tomb4 ,sigalon1 notic+ 8 picture ( ,a?alie compromis$ by diff]5ce ( light1 saw 8 hair turn gray 9 two m9utes4 ,cabu*et _h no less tr\ble1 & ! wond] is he escap$ a simil> %ock2 he )/ood x1 h[ev]1 &1 see+ no o!r means1 he did :at any valiant arti/ w\ld h done 9 8 place2 he took 8 *isel & mallet1 & 9 ! /yle ( ,mi*ael ,angelo & ,puget he attack$ ! m>ble4 ,ea* bl[ knock$ (f a piece1 b ea* bl[ soo!d ! he>t ( ! sculptor1 = 9 r$uc+ 8 /atue he re-e/abli%$ x 9 its fir/ =m1 & re/or$ its true physiognomy4 #bjh ,cabu*et has devot$ a ye> to su* labor4 ,= a :ole ye> he has work$ ) *isel & mallet1 seek+ ! =m1 ! movem5t1 ! life2 & f9d+1 little by little1 ?is =m1 movem5t1 & life at ! end ( 8 tools4 ,he play$ a dang]\s game2 ! fir/ /roke ( ! hamm] c\ld h de/roy$ 8 "w4 ,driv5 to a corn]1 ! arti/ act$ z a great capta94 ,he risk$ all to ga9 all4 ,=tune1 :i* enc\rages audacity1 or r ! good ,god :o su/a9s en]getic & fai?ful arti/s1 came to 8 aid2 & at ! end ( a ye> ,cabu*et saw 8 /atue re-creat$ by 8 *isel1 & become truly & d\bly ! daught] ( 8 bra9 & ( 8 h&s4 ,he ga9$ m ?an "o wr9kle at ?is task & m ?an "o :ite hair4 ,accord+ to 8 own expression1 he sweat$ _m %irts4 ,b he =got difficulties & anxieties :5 he saw ! long dream$ ( figure1 ! ideal ( 8 days & nights1 realiz$ & loom+ be=e him6 ,,vi4 ,!y h giv5 ?is excell5t "w a reception wor?y ( x4 ,at its arrival at ! dock at ,villefran*e1 ne> ! village ( ,ars1 a num]\s cavalcade1 & a multitude compos$ ( ! entire surr\nd+ population1 ru%$ to meet x1 & receiv$ x ) transports ( love & admiration4 ,! fai?ful1 ! p5it5ts ( ! holy cur1 saw aga9 _! ma/] & _! model4 ,! p>i% saw aga9 its v5]at$ fa!r4 ,!y surr\nd$ ! m>ble1 !y tri$ to t\* x2 _m fell on _! knees1 & pray$ z be=e ! images ( ! sa9ts4 ,on ! day ( ! inauguration ! demon/rations 7 ! same2 e mom5t a newly collect$ cr[d pro/rat$ itself at ! foot ( ! /atue2 fl[]s 7 hung on x1 & ros>ies & m$als laid on ! p$e/al4 ,ea* believ$ t new & /r5g!n+ virtue w\ld escape f ! m>ble & reg5]ate ^? happy en\gh to approa* x2 & yet ?is m>ble 0 no?+ m ?an a "w ( g5ius2 x _h n ev5 be5 bless$1 x _h no place 9 ! *ur*1 x _h receiv$ no c]tificate or consecration f ,rome--no matt]6 ! cr[d saw none ( ^! ob/acles4 ,ab&on+ !mselves )\t aft]-?\ght to ! impression :i* sanctity always produces on ! masses1 !y ru%$ to ! image ( ! man :o appe>$ to !m a sa9t1 z we seek ! ,consol] & ,alleviator ( all human suff]+4 ,! inauguration 0 conduct$ ) a c]emony befitt+ ! occasion4 ,monseigneur de ,langabrie1 ,bi%op ( ,belley1 a prelate z rem>kable = ! urbanity ( 8 mann]s z 8 sup]ior m9d1 came himself to preside ov] ! occasion4 ,a great admir] & fri5d ( ! ,cur d',ars1 he wi%$ to give to 8 memory "s pro( ( 8 affection4 ,m ?an a hundr$ prie/s ( neighbor+ p>i%es accompany+ him1 pres5t$ an impos+ cortge4 ,quietly1 calmly1 & ) recollection1 !y r5d]$ homage to ! remembrance & virtues ( a sa9t4 ,! secul> & (ficial elem5t 0 repres5t$ by ! ,comte de ,c>ets1 a true ,*ri/ian g5tleman1 & = ?irty ye>s ! fri5d ( ! ,cur d',ars4 ,a num]\s cr[d f all ! neighbor+ c\ntry te/ifi$ by repeat$ manife/ations ! ardor ( its fai? & s5tim5t4 ,! *ur* ( ,ars1 enl>g$ by a tal5t$ ar*itect1 0 entirely too small = all ?is weal? ( (f]+4 ,! ,mass 0 celebrat$ ) pomp2 at ! gospel ! ,abb ,ozanam1 vic>-g5]al1 m\nt$ ! pulpit1 & describ$ ! mo/ /rik+ po9ts ( physiognomy ( ! ,cur d' ,ars4 #bji ,inspir$ by 8 text f ,/4 ,paul1 he %[$ h[ ,god always employ$ ! same means to act ^u & gov]n ! e>?2 weakness to conf\nd /r5g?1 humility to conf\nd pride1 & littl5ess to conf\nd gr&eur2 all t is despicable 9 ! eyes ( man to conf\nd all t is p[]ful & wor?y 8 respect4 ,a /aff 9 ! h&s ( an old man is suffici5t = ,god1 & well repres5ts ! in/rum5ts he sometimes employs to rule ! _w4 ,! ,cur d',ars 0 ( obscure p>5tage2 ! ,cur d',ars 0 humble1 ignorant1 illit]ate1 accord+ to ! _w1 )\t p[]1 )\t bir?1 )\t pre/ige4 ,he seems ( /ill less repute1 9 t be=e ,god he s completely annihilat$ himself4 ,son ( a poor f>m]1 ) difficulty he rea*$ ! sem9>y1 ) difficulty he /aid !re1 ) difficulty he atta9$ ! diff]5t grades4 ,ev]y:]e1 always1 ! weakness ( 8 faculties prov$ ! signal ( di/ru/ f 8 sup]iors1 ( contempt f 8 equals4 ,he knew b "o ?+1 to love1 to pray1 to humble himself--above all to humble himself4 ,! less he felt himself1 ! less he made himself2 ! m he 0 despis$1 ! m he despis$ himself4 ,b wait6 ! h& ( ,god appe>$1 & ! ord9>y movem5t ( ! see-saw 0 reproduc$4 ,! l[] ! _w plac$ him at "o end1 ! high] ,god uplift$ him at ! o!r1 & he became ! in/rum5t ,god always uses = 8 great works--an in/rum5t l[ly yet p[]ful1 & t conf\nds1 attracts1 & subjugates ! :ole _w4 ,?is humble prie/--p[]less1 lack+ ability1 & awkw>d 9 appe>ance--saw millions ( m51 great & small1 wise & ignorant1 kn[n & unkn[n1 flock f all corn]s ( ! e>? to he> 8 ^w1 see 8 c\nt5ance1 li/5 to 8 advice1 fea/ on 8 holy expressions--to t\* 8 ve/m5ts4 ,he w gov]n consci5ces & he>ts2 he w read _! s\ls1 enlight5 !m1 t\* !m4 ,he w pr$ict ! future1 w ov]come nature1 & subject to 8 w ! _w ( m9d & ! _w ( matt]4 444 ,admirable effect ( humility :i* produces sanctity6 ,! mo/ humble %all become ! mo/ celebrat$1 & 8 "n res\nd f pole to pole4 ,he %all agitate multitudes1 & no liv+ man c he> him )\t ?rill+ ) love or ang]4 ,8 image w provoke en?usiasm4 ,! _w w pro/rate itself be=e x & kiss its v traces2 & :5 o!r images1 o!r glorifi$1 o!r r5[n$ conqu]ors1 poets1 legislators1 politicians1 are only a remembrance1 a va9 s\nd :i* _c ?rill a s+le human fibre1 ! "n ( ! obscure1 ! despis$ ,cur d',ars w radiate 9 an ev] new orbit ( spl5dor1 & produce emotions & effects ev] new 9 millions ( he>ts4 ,/range consequ5ce6 ,contra/ truly /rik+2 :i* %[s t ,ca?olicism by a brilliant ov]?r[ ( ev5ts is alone he>d to give glory & immortality6 ,aft] ! ,mass1 monseigneur 0 he>d 9 8 turn1 & relat$ ! ef=ts made at ,rome to obta9 ! canonization ( ! defunct ^: memory 0 !n & !re celebrat$4 ,he spoke ( ! hope :i* he *]i%$ to see ere long ! ,cur d',ars & 8 image among ! glorifi$ ones1 & plac$ on ^? alt>s :]e public v5]ation _h already giv5 !m a place4 ,,vii4 ,aft] ! c]emony 0 ov]1 ! prie/s & "s ( ! pilgrims com+ to ! solemnity unit$ 9 an old-fa%ion$ fea/ at ! h\se ( "o ( ! mission>ies4 #baj ,! day 0 pass$ 9 recall+ ! virtues & actions ( ! sa9t1 :ile ! cr[d cont9u$ its homage & demon/rations4 ,no?+ c\ld be m /rik+ ?an ! appe>ance ( ! village ( ,ars dur+ ?is fte4 ,! spectator goes backw>d sev]al c5turies2 he lives 9 ! e>lie/ age2 leg5d becomes reality 9 8 eyes1 & ! natural _w is entirely =gott5 9 ! consci\sness ( ! sup]natural t surr\nds him4 ,m4 ,r5an speaks some:]e ) contempt ( times & populations = :om ! natural & sup]natural h no exact limit4 ,ars pres5ts e day1 & especially ^? days 9 :i* ! sa9t is honor$1 ! same "*4 ,! natural & sup]natural t\* & m+le4 ,! multitude kneels1 x int]c$es1 x asks2 & sometimes1 9 ! simple/ mann]1 extraord9>y favors are grant$1 :i* /rike ) wond] ! ,*ri/ians ( our day1 s mu* less habituat$ ?an o!rs to ! manife/ations ( ! immat]ial _w4 ,! *ur* is always full2 ! tomb ( ! good pa/or1 recognizable by a black slab1 cov]$ p]petually by an eag] cr[d4 ,"s are kneel+1 o!rs /&+ await+ _! turn1 & pro/rat+ !mselves z soon z a vacant place (f]s itself4 ,!y dispute a corn] ( ! tomb ( ! ,cur d',ars1 z dur+ 8 life !y disput$ a corn] ( 8 confessional or an end ( 8 cassock4 ,all pray1 "s weep1 o!rs kiss ! fun]eal m>ble4 ,mo!rs br+ _! sickly *ildr51 & re/ !m on ! slab4 ,p>alytics & ! lame take _! places4 ,ea* "o t\*es ! tomb ) 8 cross1 8 m$als1 or 8 beads1 & c>ries x away p]suad$ ( its r5ew$ efficacy4 ,e object1 e "p ( ! *ur*1 be>s ! trace ( :at ,i may call a pi\s v&alism4 ,! confessional1 ! pulpit 9 :i* ! holy prie/ pass$ ne>ly all 8 life1 are cut 9 a ?\s& places4 ,ea* "o has *ipp$ ! wood to c>ry (f a relic4 ,outside ( ! *ur* ! eag]ness & v5]ation are no less4 ,! places frequ5t$ by ! defunct are po9t$ out1 & into ! old presbyt]y !y hurry & almo/ smo!r ea* o!r on ! /airs4 ,"o has to pause on 8 way a qu>t] ( an h\r sometimes be=e rea*+ ! b$room ( ! ,cur d',ars4 ,! *amb] has be5 b>ricad$1 & provid$ ) an op5+ 9 ! wall1 t x may escape ! g5]al deva/ation4 ,! door is arm$ ) a /rong grat+ & plat$ ) iron4 ,)\t su* precaution all w\ld h be5 long s9ce brok5 op51 demoli%$1 & c>ri$ away4 ,z x is1 !re is m ?an "o hole 9 ! wood-"w1 & ev5 ! walls are brok5 91 9 places4 ,x is said t workm5 arm$ ) cr[-b>s h attempt$ to ?r[ d[n ! wall4 ,! %rubs & h]bace\s plants 9 ! c\rt-y>d are spoil$ incessantly2 z if ! visitors1 unable to mole/ ! walls1 rev5ge !mselves on ! fl[]s & v]dure4 ,b !y _c p5etrate into ! *amb] & are =c$ to /ay beh9d ! b>ricade4 ,!y succe$ ea* o!r1 z on "s gr& occasion ( public curiosity 9 ,p>is1 :5 ! cr[d is unusually l>ge4 ,f ! k9d ( ve/ibule :i* =ms ! op5+ 9 ! wall ! visitor c take 9 ! :ole ap>tm5t1 if n entirely at 8 ease1 on acc\nt ( ! pressure ( ! cr[d1 at lea/ )\t los+ any detail4 ,ev]y?+ rema9s z x did dur+ ! life ( ! ,cur d',ars4 ,"h is ! b$1 %elt]$ "u its gre5 tape/ry1 a pres5t f ! ,comte de ,c>ets1 9 place ( ano!r b$ :i* 0 burn$ "u extraord9>y circum/ances4 #baa ,"h is ! wood5 *imney :]e ! prie/ came ea* day--aft] sp5d+ f sixte5 to eighte5 h\rs 9 ! confessional--to revive 8 exhau/$ body by ! /ill liv+ flame ( a simple bran*4 ,! table is always set1 z if x await$ its old companion4 ,an e>!n porr+]1 ) a pewt] spoon1 a little pit*]1 also ( e>?1 :i* held ! milk1 an e>!n plate1 & a co>se l95 napk92 & no?+ m4 ,?is mode/ s]vice1 & ! necess>ily mode/ repa/ x supposes1 _h su/a9$1 = ne>ly =ty ye>s1 ! mo/ valiant & fruitful life ( ! age4 ,man lives n by bread alone2 ?is man liv$ almo/ )\t x2 a little milk suffic$ him1 & on ?is he exi/$ ne>ly all 8 life--a trait n less a/oni%+ ?an ! p[] & en]gy ) :i* ?is milk seem$ to inspire him4 ,two oak5 *e/s1 pres5t$ also by pi\s p]sons1 "s sacr$ engrav+s1 en\gh books to fill ! simple %elves1 two or ?ree /raw *airs1 complete ! furniture ( ?is poor *amb]1 z popul> today z ! ap>tm5ts ( ! ,l\vre or ! ,museum ( ,sov]eigns4 ,a ni*e 9 ! wall1 cov]$ ) a glaz$ p>tition1 pres]ves & exposes to ! piety ( ! pilgrims ! cassock & cap ( ! poor prie/4 ,! presbyt]y is no long] inhabit$4 ,no "o has be5 report$1 or felt himself1 suffici5tly wor?y to occupy x aft] its la/ possessor4 ,!re is no long] a ,cur d',ars1 !re nev] w be a ,cur d',ars--no "o feel+ /rong en\gh to /ruggle ) su* a remembrance1 nor be> ! leg5d>y title4 ,! mission>ies :o dur+ 8 lifetime 7 e/abli%$ ne> ! presbyt]y1 d ! duties ( ! p>i% & suffice = ! pilgrims4 ,,viii4 ,su* is ! pre/ige ( ! ,cur d',ars s9ce 8 dea?2 & ! influ5ce he ex]cis$ dur+ 8 life 0 no less a/oni%+4 ,we are amaz$ at he>+ or read+ ! details ( ?is exceptional exi/5ce4 ,eighty to a hundr$ ?\s& p]sons came to ,ars e ye>1 & f all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,france1 ,belgium1 ,g]many1 ,engl&1 ,italy1 ,am]ica1 ,asia1 by turns s5t _! pilgrims2 & ! en?usiasm ( old--( ! days ( ,b]n>d1 ,dom9ic1 ,francis d',assise1 ,v9c5t ,f]ri]1 ,philip de ,n]i--has be5 r5ew$4 ,petitions 7 address$ to ! ,cur d',ars z to a sup]ior be+4 ,e day he receiv$ lett]s1 dem&s1 confid5ces1 & pray]s4 ,"o mu/ come to ,ars1 said he sometimes1 to "k ! s9 ( ,adam & ! evils he has caus$ 8 poor family6 ,s9n]s1 ! ill 9 body & m9d1 ! suff]+ ( all k9ds1 w5t to ! ,cur d',ars z ! heal] s5t by ,god himself4 ,8 fai?1 8 humility1 8 love ( ,god & man1 8 frightful au/]ity1 8 p]fect abnegation ( self1 a/oni%$ & ravi%$ s\ls2 ! gift giv5 him to read ! human he>t1 8 m>vell\s intuition1 8 p[] ov] nature1 8 pr$ictions1 8 miracles1 end$ by accord+ him ! sup]natural aureole1 & ! signs ( election :i* 9 all ages h c>ri$ away multitudes4 ,at ,ars "o c\ld le>n h[ ! ,*ri/ian religion 0 f\nd$2 by :at virtues1 :at miracles1 its initiators _h act$ on ! public m9d & conqu]$4 ,! life ( ! gospel & ! glori\s days ( ! *ur* reappe>$2 hagiography liv$ aga92 ! sup]natural & leg5d>y hi/ory ( ,ca?olicism became compreh5sible & impress$ itself on e m9d4 #bab ,accord+ to calculations :i* may be call$ (ficial1 ne>ly ?ree millions ( pilgrims h be5 admitt$ to ! ,cur d',ars4 ,e k9d ( human mis]y has pres5t$ itself be=e him1 & h[ _m h be5 com=t$6 ,! bl9d h se51 ! deaf h he>d1 ! p>alyz$ h walk$2 bread1 w9e1 & corn h be5 multipli$2 & all ! miracles ( ! gospel1 except ! resurrection ( ! dead1 h be5 reproduc$4 ,! greate/ miracle ( ! ,cur d',ars 01 p]haps1 ! resurrection ( ! liv+ & ! conv]sion ( s9n]s1 to :i* ! holy prie/ _h d$icat$ 8 life1 & 0 ! pr9cipal end ( all 8 ef=ts4 ,not)/&+ 8 ard5t desire = dea? & heav51 he w\ld h cons5t$ to rema9 on e>? until ! end ( ! _w to ga9 he>ts = ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,x 0 9 ?is rle t s brilliantly %one ! sup]natural "* ( ! life & mission ( ! ,cur d',ars4 ,:5 we ?9k ( ! sixte5 to eighte5 h\rs ( ! confessional1 ( ! eighty to a hundr$ p5it5ts :o knelt daily at ! feet ( ! holy prie/1 we may =m "s idea ( ! attraction t he ex]cis$1 & ! deep furr[ he pl\gh$ 9 ! s\l ( ! pres5t age4 ,s _m %9+ traits give to ! ,cur d',ars ! mo/ wide-spread fame ( 8 "t4 ,*ateaubri&1 ,de ,mai/re1 ,goe!1 ,voltaire ev51 & o!rs less fam\s1 are only kn[n to ! m ref9$4 ,_! names h n p5etrat$ ! /ratum ( an imm5se humanity4 ,! ,cur d',ars 0 kn[n to all1 & 8 "n _h trav]s$ e c\ntry1 e ocean1 e race4 ,9 ,europe1 ,am]ica1 ,asia1 x e*o$ & wak5$ s\ls2 & ev]y:]e we f9d 8 portrait1 9 e t[n1 9 e c\ntry4 ,sib]ian huts c %[ ! ,cur d',ars4 ,no face--n ev5 t ( ,napoleon ,i4--is z popul>4 ,8 hair1 8 cap1 8 cassock1 8 %oes1 8 furniture1 8 books1 8 brevi>y1 h be5 sold ov] & ov] aga9 = m ?an _! weight 9 gold4 ,8 blood1 if tak5 f him 9 illness1 0 collect$ & treasur$ z a relic2 & we see /ill at ,ars1 9 sev]al places1 vials conta9+ ?is blood1 z pure z ! day x fl[$3 c sci5ce acc\nt = ?is8 ,! ph5om5on is1 to say ! lea/1 unique1 abnormal4 ,! objects t he bless$ 7 almo/ tak5 by assault1 & be=e 8 dea? rival c\ntries disput$ = 8 body1 & ! dispute came ne> deg5]at+ into a bloody conflict4 ,no honor1 homage1 or public respect 0 want+ to ! ,cur d',ars1 & once aga9 piety & ,*ri/ian virtues h prov5 !mselves ! sure/ means ( act+ on ! _w & attract+ ! masses1 because !y repres5t ! sup]ior & et]nal ideal ( life & ( humanity4 ,,ix4 ,b ,i mu/ pause4 ,i h wi%$ to sket* 9 a few words ! appe>ance ( ?is rem>kable man1 b ye/]day our contempor>y1 & ( :om an extraord9>y "w ( art has giv5 me ! opportunity to speak4 ,i fe> ,i h be5 prolix1 &1 =gett+ ! /atue1 h occupi$ my read]s' att5tion ) ! p]son repres5t$2 b ,i hope to be =giv51 z ! be/ way1 surely1 to impress ! m]it ( a portrait is to make kn[n ! model ! arti/ has wi%$ to depict4 ,! /atue w be bett] appreciat$ z ! ,cur d',ars himself is fully und]/ood4 ,aga91 x seems to me t ! appe>ance & actions ( su* a man1 9 ! unc]ta9 times 9 :i* we live1 are a symptom & hope ( some?+ bett]1 to :i* we _c give too mu* weight4 ,truly ! age is bad en\gh2 h>d5$ aga9/ ,god1 x is h>d5$ aga9/ 8 *ur*1 & tries to sap e f\ndation ( virtue & hone/y4 #bac ,x de/roys fai?1 attacks good pr9ciples & ! virtu\s in/9cts t prompt !m1 & endeavors to replace ! anci5t ord] ( consci5ces by a sort ( individual indep5d5ce :i*1 s[+ division1 c only produce ru94 ,"* & mann]s are fall+ z l[ z ideas2 cupidity1 egotism1 unbridl$ pleasure1 s5sual enjoym5ts1 s\ght = & held up z ! only end ( life2 ! expansion ( luxury by e +5uity gives to society an ideal ( ,babylonian civilization2 revolution1 t is to say1 revolt & univ]sal ov]?r[1 cap ! climax1 & ?reat5 to swall[ up ev]y?+3 behold ! situation & its dang]s6 ,seldom h ages be5 m tr\bl$1 or ! symptoms m t]rible4 ,b hope revives & ! m9d is elevat$ :5 x contemplates ! oppos+ camp4 ,s long z an age is able to produce a ,cur d',ars1 x is full ( /r5g?2 & if ! ,ca?olic fai? c excite su* a s5sation z t ( :i* ,i h j spok51 %e assures h] future4 ,mon>*s1 g5]als1 politicians1 legislators1 writ]s1 may become p[]less4 ,!y c\ld n pres]ve ! society ( old1 & sa9ts alone sav$ x1 walk+ 9 ! foot/eps ( ,*ri/4 ,!y recon/ruct$ & reg5]at$ x1 because !y 7 ! la/ & unique expression ( ! true & beautiful 9 morals1 ! only pivot ( progress1 ! only lev] :i* lift$ a p to lead !m onw>d to ,god1 ! only s\rce ( life4 ,produc+ ! same m51 mod]n society may hope = ! same reg5]ation2 its cure & its future heal? w n dep5d on human means or ag5ts1 b on ! div9e grace ex]cis$ by its sa9ts4 ---------- ,dante ,alighi]i4 ,! fame ( ! ,fi]o ,ghibell9o1 z ! ,italians are wont to call ,dante ,alighi]i1 is great1 n 9 ext5siv5ess1 b 9 weight4 ,:]ev] & to :omsoev] he is kn[n1 8 "n & 8 works c>ry a *>m & an au?ority v\*saf$ to only a few 9 ! dep>tm5t ( au?ors4 ,hom]1 ,dante1 & ,%akespe>e are ! poets1 ^: names are en%r9$ on an elevation above ! re/2 !y brea!1 s to speak1 9 an atmosph]e ( _! own4 ,!y are1 inde$1 ma/]s & guides1 ,mae/ri di color *e sanno4 ,9 tru?1 to und]/& _! works1 ! /udy !re( mu/ ne$s be made a specialty4 ,yet ev5 ^? :o h lisp$ _! names 9 _! mo!rs' tongue f9d t ars longa1 vita brevis4 ,! /ud5t w dr9k at ^? pure f\nta9s ) ev]-increas+ pleasure4 ,h[ (t5 h y be5 9 ,/4 ,pet]'s8 ask$ ( u a v5]able monk1 ! fir/ "t we ent]$ ! ,vatican4 ,nev] be=e1 sir4 ,well1 repli$ he1 ,i h be5 com+ "h almo/ e day = ! la/ ?irte5 ye>s1 & e day ,i f9d "s new ?+ to admire & /udy6 ,! same has be5 av]r$ by ^? :o h be5 famili> ) ,dante1 ,hom]1 & ,%akespe>e4 #bad ,we well rememb] h[1 9 our y\?1 & 9 our native s*ools1 we 7 s tra9$ 9 ! /udy ( ,alighi]i t x 0 an easy matt] to discov] :e!r an au?or1 be he poet or prose-writ]1 _h be5 =m$ on ,dante1 :e!r he _h drunk at ! head f\nta9 or at side /reams4 ,only few poets we rememb] ^: v]ses we read ) an en*ant$ devotion--,gasp>o ,leon>ducci1 ( ,v5ice2 ,v9c5zo ,monti1 ( ,milan2 & ,alfonso ,v>ano1 ( ,f]r>a4 ,( ! prose-writ]s1 ,paolo ,segn]i1 ,s=za ,pallavic9o1 ( ! sev5te5?1 & ,pietro ,giordani1 ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 are ! only ,dantes*i 9 :om we delight$1 z we 7 delight$ 9 read+ ,hom] trans=m$ into ! succum et saporem ( ! ,a,eneid4 ,^? above m5tion$ 7 poets1 hi/orians1 & orators1 ?an :om m ard5t & p]sev]+ /ud5ts ( ,dante are n record$ 9 ! annals ( ,italian lit]ature4 ,!irs 0 n1 h[ev]1 a p$antic s]vility3 ,dante 0 ! fa!r t eng5d]$ _! /yle1 ! eagle :o provok$ !m to fly2 & !y did fly1 & so>$ above ! re/1 & fix$ _! pupils on ! brightness ( ! sun4 ,:i* rem>ks af=d u also ! measure by :i* to value ! success ( ^? :o h attempt$ to translate ,dante into =eign languages1 an attempt :i* to ! ,italian s*ol> s\nds almo/ presumptu\s4 ,=1 if ! /yle & ! mean+ ( ,dante h prov5 a matt] ( s mu* difficulty & labor to ! c\ntryman ( ,dante1 h[ mu* m labori\s & difficult mu/ !y prove to ! =eign-born /ud5t8 ,:oev] attempts to translate a poet mu/ jo9 ! fidelity ( r5dition to ! _s ( a poet4 ,! =m] presupposes a ?or\gh k ( ! two languages1 ev5 to ! commone/ idioms4 ,!n1 unless "o is born a poet1 ! attempt w be ! v madness ( folly1 :i* tru? receives additional evid5ce :5 ! "w to be translat$ is "o ( transc5d5t m]it 9 its orig9ality2 ay1 m1 :5 x is incomp>able3 incomp>able1 we mean1 z a human "w c be4 ,su* is ! ,div9a ,comm$ia ( ,dante ,alighi]i4 ,p9d>ic 9 flights1 sup]natural 9 conception1 inv5tive 9 expression & language1 7= ,dante is ! fa!r ( ! ,italian tongue17 ,dante /&s be=e ! s*ol> z a mo/ difficult au?or4 ,nor are ! numb]less comm5tators & volum9\s comm5ts1 agree+ or conflict+1 +5i\s or absurd1 a mean pro( ( our ass]tion6 ,comm5tators h1 9 fact1 pu%$ _! folly & _! presumption to an excess equall$ only by ! absurd twi/+ ( ,holy ,writ 9 favor ( ! ?\s& & "o s5ses :i* def5d]s ( opposite doctr9es h fanci$ !y read 9 "o & ! same text4 ,a witty ,italian imag9es he sees ,dante cr\*+ l[1 & va9ly endeavor+1 ) wild ge/iculations & lu/y cries = help1 to p>ry ! bl[s by :i* cl]gym5 & laym51 laico o *]co1 endeavor to =ce him to admit su* mean+s into 8 words z he nev] dreamt (2 at ! same "t !y1 fall+ out among !mselves1 ex*ange bl[s1 & ?r[ at ea* o!r's head _! heavy comm5ts1 b\nd 9 wood1 & rudely emboss$ ) braz5 /uds4 ,x is relat$ t once ! /]n poet1 :ile pass+ by a smi?y1 he>d snat*es ( 8 poem sung1 b s int]l>d$ ) /range words1 & ! ends ( v]ses s bitt5 (f1 t ! grat+ ^u 8 e>s 0 un5durable3 :]eupon he ent]$ ! %op1 & fell ar\nd wantonly ?r[+ into va/ confusion ! tools ( ! *url1 :o1 ?9k+ him mad1 ru%$ ^u him & yell$3 ,:at ! ---- art ?\ ab\t8 ,& :at art ?\ do+8 retort$ ,dante1 sob]+ d[n at once4 #bae ,i am at my "w1 & ?\ art spoil+ my tools6 repli$ ! smi?4 ,if ?\ wi%e/ me to leave ?y ?+s alone1 leave m9e alone also4 ,&1 pray1 :at am ,i spoil+ ( ?9e8 ,y are s++ my v]ses1 b n z ,i made !m2 x is ! only art ,i possess1 & y spoil x4 ,footnote #ib ,footnote #ib3 ,_h ,%akespe>e ?is anecdote 9 m9d :5 he made ,orl&o cry out1 ,i pray y1 m> no m ( my v]ses ) read+ !m ill-favor$ly8 7,z ,y ,l ,x1 act iii4 sc4 #b47 ,on ano!r occasion ! poet met a *url driv+ be=e him a mob ( donkeys1 & enliv5+ 8 we>isome j\rney by s++ also snat*es ( ! div9e poem4 ,b1 v naturally1 he w\ld int]sp]se 8 songs ) an occasional prick+ ( ! haun*es ( 8 as99e fell[-travell]s ) ! goad1 & ! %\t ( arri1 arri--! ,italian g'long1 g'long4 ,dante at once visit$ ! fell['s back ) an e>ne/ bl[1 & cri$3 ,t arri1 arri1 ,i nev] put x 9 t v]se6 ,! poor as9>o %rugg$ 8 %\ld]s1 & d>t$ to "o side1 n well pleas$ ) ! unc\? salutation2 b :5 at a safe di/ance1 ignorant z he 0 ( ! cause ( ! bl[ & ( ! man :o _h inflict$ x1 he ?ru/ 8 tongue out1 & said1 ,take t1 an indec5t act ev5 = an ,italian boor4 ,dante repli$3 ,i w\ld n give m9e = a hundr$ ( ?9e6 ,:at ! smi? & ! drov] did1 9 _! own way1 & 9 ,dante's "t1 has be5 repeat$ d[n to our days4 ,volumes might be fill$ ) m]ely ! titles ( essays1 treatises1 & !ories1 at times +5i\s1 seldom int]e/+1 always betray+ ! conceit ( ! writ]4 ,editions innum]able are cramm$ ) int]pretations conflict+ ) ea* o!r1 & by :i* ! s5se ( ! poet has be5 cruelly di/ort$4 ,we1 :o h be5 re>$ 9 ! deepe/ rev]5ce = ,dante's or?odoxy1 h always felt indignant at ! irreligi\s & unphilosophical inord9ations to :i* ! ,div9a ,comm$ia has be5 made to af=d f\ndation & developm5t4 ,= ! nonce we mean to deal ) translations1 yet n 9 a g5]al or compreh5sive treatise2 = to treat ( all ,engli% translations ( ,dante1 d[n to ,sir ,j4 ,f4 ,w4 ,h]s*el's1 ! late/ ( all1 w\ld c>ry u ov] fields too ext5sive & un9vit+4 ,we h be5 l$ to beg = a corn] ( ,,! ,,ca?olic ,,_w1 9 ord] to introduce to its read]s :at1 aft] a close & c>eful /udy1 we deem ! be/ ( all translations ( ,dante4 ,we allude to ,! ,fir/ ,canticle 7,inf]no7 ( ! ,div9e ,com$y ( ,dante ,alighi]i4 ,translat$ by ,?omas ,william ,p>sons4 ,bo/on3 ,de ,vries1 ,ib>ra ,co4 #ahfg4 ,t ,mr4 ,p>sons possesses ! _s ( a poet1 no "o :o has read ev] s little ( 8 orig9al compositions w ga9say4 ,:atev] he writes has ! true r+2 !re is no?+ transc5d5tal 9 him1 & no mann]ism2 8 s5tim5ts are spontane\s1 & fl[ into 8 diction ) a naturalness t takes hold ( ! he>t ( ! read] at once1 l a peaceful /reamlet m+l+ its wat]s ) k9dr$ waves4 ,op5+ a collection ( 8 poems at r&om1 we d n hesitate to transcribe1 )\t any /udi$ *oice1 :at fir/ (f]s itself to our eye4 ,he writes on ! dea? ( 8 fri5d1 ! sculptor ,craw=d1 & ?us he sudd5ly gives v5t to 8 feel+s3 ,o ,dea?6 ?\ tea*] true & r\gh6 ,full (t ,i fe> t we h err$1 ,& h n lov$ en\gh2 ,b1 ,o ye fri5ds6 ?is side ( ,a*]on1 ,:o cl+ to me to-day1 ,i %all n "k my love till ye are gone ,& ,i am gray6 #baf ,fair wom51 ) y\r lov+ eyes1 ,old m5 t once my foot/eps l$1 ,sweet *ildr5--mu* z all ,i prize1 ,until ! sacr$ du/ ( dea? be %$ ,^u ea* de> & v5]able head1 ,i _c love y z ,i love ! dead6 ,b n[1 ! natural man be+ s[n1 ,we c m lucidly behold ,! spiritual "o3 ,= we1 till "t %all end1 ,full visibly %all see our fri5d ,9 all 8 h&s did m\ld-- ,t worn & pati5t h& t lies s cold6 ,on a ,palm-,sunday1 z he w5ds 8 way to ! b$side ( a dy+ "y conv]t1 he begs ( a little ,ca?olic girl a twig ( ! bless$ palm %e is c>ry+ home4 ,:]eupon he extemporizes ! foll[+3 ,to ,a ,"y ,girl ,dy+3 ,) ,a ,gift ,( ,fre% ,palm-leaves4 ,?is is ,palm-,sunday3 m9dful ( ! day1 ,i br+ palm bran*es1 f\nd ^u my way3 ,b ^! w )]2 ?9e %all nev] die-- ,! sacr$ palms ?\ be>e/ to ! sky6 ,de> little sa9t1 ?\gh b a *ild 9 ye>s1 ,old] 9 wisdom ?an my gray compe]s6 ,we d\bt & tremble--we1 ) 'bat$ brea?1 ,talk ( ?is my/]y ( life & dea?2 ,?\1 /rong 9 fai?1 art gift$ to conceive ,beyond ?y ye>s1 & tea* u to believe6 ,!n take my palms1 triumphal1 to ?y home1 ,g5tle :ite palm]1 nev] m to roam6 ,only1 sweet si/]1 give me1 ere ?\ g'/1 ,?y b5$iction--= my love ?\ "k'/6 ,we1 too1 are pilgrims1 travell+ t[>d ! %r9e3 ,pray t our pilgrimage may end l ?9e6 ,mr4 ,p>sons's poetical gift manife/s itself mo/ s5sibly 9 :at might be call$ fugitive pieces4 ,!y are gems1 l ! above1 & z !y are (f]$ to ! read] !y are at once set 9 ! mo/ fitt+ corn] ( 8 he>t4 ,we regret our limit$ space w n all[ u to transcribe ! poems ,to ,magdal51 ,m>y f :om 7 ca/ out sev5 devils2 or ! dea? ( ,m>y ,boo?2 or ! ,vesp]s on ! ,%ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 :5 ! ,italian m>9] ,9 m>e irato 9 subita procella ,invoca ,te no/ra b5igna ,/ella4 ,b we mu/ be all[$ to quote "o little poem2 an impromptu "o1 writt5 on ! dea? ( a ,ca?olic prelate 7,febru>y #ac?1 #ahff7 ^: memory is held 9 b5$iction by a va/ numb] ( our read]s3 ,son ( ,/4 ,patrick1 ,john1 ! be/ ( m51 ,bo/on's ble/ bi%op bids good-by aga94 ,n long ago we p>t$ on ! %ore1 ,& said f>ewell--nor ?\ght to see him m3 ,t bra9 s we>y1 & t he>t s worn ,) _m c>es6 ,! p>t+ made u m\rn4 ,b he came back--he c\ld n die 9 ,rome4 ,?o' well might ^? bones re/ by ,pet]'s dome1 ,or ,ara ,coeil--& ! sacr$ /air ,t climbs ! ,capitol--or any:]e ,9 t que5 city4 444 ,s*ol> & fri5d6 old s*oolfell[1 ?\gh f> ,pa/ me 9 le>n+1 t 0 ne'er a b> ,to our free int]c\rse2 = ?\ had/ ?9e ,"o muse to wor%ip--leav+ me ! n9e4 ,?y fai? 0 l>ge1 ev5 9 ?y fell[-m53 ,& x pleas$ !e to patronize my p5 ,:5 ,i turn$ ,horace into ,engli% rhyme1 ,& ?\ght myself a poet = ! "t1 ,9 ,lat9 s*ool-days--b1 alas6 ?y %r\d ,drives f remembrance all ?is ga!r+ cr[d ,( t5d] images2 f>ewell to all6 ,i _c ?9k ( ^! beside ?y pall4 ,?9e1 good ,fitzpatrick1 noble heir ( ^? ,:o w5t be=e !e--,f5wick & ,bordeaux's ,g5tle apo/le ,*ev]us1 & ,t\ssaud-- ,:om 9 my boyhood ,i 0 ble/ to "k4 ,b ! bell moves me4 ,*ri/ian1 f>e !e well4 ,i lov$ my bi%op & ,i m9d 8 bell4 ,let u n[ approa* our subject m closely4 ,b "h ! difficulty is h[ to enable our read]s1 :o are n acqua9t$ ) ! orig9al ,italian1 to appreciate ! fidelity ( ! ,am]ican translator--a fidelity ! beauty :]e( consi/s 9 t ,mr4 ,p>sons translates almo/ lit]ally & at ! same "t 8 translation is poetry4 ,aft] all1 he is n entitl$ to extraord9>y praise :o1 be+ end[$ ) poetical g5ius1 cat*es ! s5se ( ! orig9al & gives x 9 =eign v]ses4 ,! be/ plan seems to u to give ! text1 !n a lit]al 7p$antic or l9eal7 translation1 & aft]w>d ,p>sons's4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ,dante reads on ! ar*itrave ov] ! entrance to hell3 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,! arrangem5t ( ! text ( pages #bag1 #bah1 & #bai is confus+1 includ+ two p>allel r5d]+s & num]\s footnotes4 ,! r5d]+s h be5 plac$ 9 sequ5tial ord] & ! footnotes plac$ foll[+ ! ref]5ces4 #bag #bah #bai ,p] me si va nella citt dol5te4 ,footnote #ic ,p] me si va nell' et]no dolore3 ,p] me si va tra la p]duta ,footnote #id g5te4 ,giu/izia mosse 'l mio alto ,fattore3 ,fecemi la div9a ,pote/ate1 ,la somma ,sapi5za1 e 'l primo ,amore4 ,d9anzi a me non fur cose create1 ,se non et]ne1 ed io et]na duro3 ,lasciate ogni sp]anza1 voi1 *e 'ntrate4 ,footnote #ic3 ,dol5te means sorr[ )\t any mixture ( hope-- wail+ & gna%+ ( tee?4 ,footnote #id3 ,p]duta1 9 ! s5se ( t pecunia sit tibi 9 p]ditionem1 7,acts viii4 #bj17 absolute condemnation4 ,uemo p]duto 9 ,italian is ! ruptus disruptusque ( ,cic]o1 a gone man1 beyond all hope ( moral recov]y4 ,to wit3 ,?r\gh me y g into ! doleful city2 ?r\gh me y g into et]nal grief2 ?r\gh me y g among ! lo/ p4 ,ju/ice mov$ my l(ty ,build]2 ,div9e ,p[] made me2 & ! supreme ,wisdom & ! fir/ ,love4 ,ere me 7 no ?+s creat$--unless et]nal1 & ,i et]nal la/2 rel9qui% all hope1 y :o ent]4 ,n[ comp>e ) ,p>sons's3 ,?r\gh me y rea* ! ,city ( ,despair3 ,?r\gh me et]nal wret*$ness ye f9d3 ,?r\gh me among p]dition's tribe ye f>e4 ,ju/ice inspir$ my l(ty ,f\nd]'s m9d3 ,p[]1 ,love1 & ,wisdom--,heav5ly ,fir/ ,mo/ ,high-- ,creat$ me4 ,be=e me naught _h be5 ,save ?+s et]nal--& et]ne am ,i3 ,leave ye all hope1 ,o ye :o ent] 96 ,c any translation be m lit]al8 ,c x be m fai?ful8 ,we h tri$ to f9d fault ) x1 b gave x up 9 despair2 yea1 ! m we /ra9 our critical eye1 ! m p]fectly does ! orig9al beauty appe> reflect$ 9 ! translation4 ,x is n ! reflection ( ! mirror2 x is ! reflection ( ! sun's light on ! moon's face4 ,to economize room1 we %all give no m text3 we w only add a l9eal translation by way ( note1 presum+ on ! read] = 8 tru/ 9 our k ( bo? languages1 & 9 our hone/y4 ,! long extract we are go+ to make is1 p]haps1 ! noble/ specim5 ( descriptive poetry 9 ! ,italian language4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 f\nd$ on a hi/orical mi/ake1 inasmu* z ,ugol9o 0 />v$ to dea? n by ,ar*bi%op ,ruggi]i1 b by ,guido da ,montefeltro1 ,"l ( ,pisa4 ,! true acc\nt runs ?us3 ,ugol9o dei ,gh]>des*i1 ,c\nt ( ,donovatico1 & a ,guelf1 _h1 ) ! connivance ( ! ar*bi%op1 made himself ma/] ( ,pisa4 ,b hav+ put to dea? a nephew ( ,ruggi]i1 & sold "s ca/les to ! ,flor5t9es1 t prelate1 at ! head ( an infuriat$ mob1 & aid$ by ,gual&i1 ,sismondi1 & ,lanfran*i1 ?ree p[]ful lead]s1 attack$ ! c\nt 9 8 own palace1 & made him prison] ) 8 two sons ,gaddo & ,uguccione1 & ?ree nephews1 ,ugol9o ,brigata1 ,arrigo1 & ,anselmuccio4 ,?us b\nd1 !y 7 all ?r[n into ! donjons ( ! ,t[] at ! ,?ree ,roads4 ,montefeltro1 hav+ mean:ile got ! p[] into 8 own h&s1 =bade any food to be adm9i/]$ to 8 prison] rival1 :]eby ,ugol9o & ! re/ di$ ( hung]4 ,dante1 7,inf]no1 c4 xxxii4 & xxxiii417 admitt$ to ! n9? circle1 or bolgia1 on ent]+ t "p ( x :i* 0 call$ ,ant5ora1 witness$ ! horrible puni%m5t ( ! traitor & ( ! murd]]3 ,transcrib]'s note3 ,r5d]+ #a ,9 a s+le gap1 ,fa/ froze toge!r o!r two ,i saw1 ,s t "o head 0 8 companion's cap3 ,& z a fami%$ man a cru/ might gnaw1 ,s gnaw$ ! upp] "o ! wret* b5ea?1 ,j :]e ! neck-bone's m>r[ jo9s ! bra93 ,n o!rwise did ,tydeus fix 8 tee? ,on ,m5alippus' temples 9 disda94 ,:ile ?us he mumbl$ skull & hair & all1 ,i cri$3 ',ho6 ?\ :o %['/ su* be/ial hate ,( him on :om ?y rav5\s tee? s fall1 ,:y fe$e/ ?\ ?us8 ,on ?is agreem5t /ate3 ,t1 if ?\ h good reason = ?y spite1 ,kn[+ y bo?1 & :at 8 crime 01 ,i ,up 9 ! _w above may d !e "r1 ,unless ! tongue ,i talk ) fir/ gr[ dry4' ,f 8 f\l fea/ t s9n] rais$ 8 jaw1 ,wip+ x on ! hair1 fir/1 ( ! head ,^: h9d] "p 8 craun*+ _h made raw4 ,!n ?us3 ',?\ w\ld/ t ,i r5ew1' he said1 ',! agony :i* /ill my he>t do? wr+1 ,9 ?\ght ev51 ere a syllable ,i say2 ,b if my words may future h>ve/ br+ ,to ! vile traitor "h on :om ,i prey ,( infamy1 !n ?\ %alt he> me speak1 ,& see my te>s too4 ,i "k n ?y mi51 ,nor by :at means ?is region ?\ do/ seek2 ,b by ?y tongue ?\'rt sure ,flor5t9e4 ,"k !n1 ,c\nt ,ugol9o once 0 ,i1 ,& ?is ,ar*bi%op ,ruggi]i3 fate ,makes u close neighbors--,i w tell !e :y4 ',tis ne$less all ! /ory to relate1 ,h[ ?r\gh 8 malice1 tru/+ 9 8 words1 ,i 0 a prison] made & aft] sla94 ,b t :]e( ?\ nev] can/ h he>d1 ,i mean h[ cruelly my life 0 ta'en1 ,?\ %alt he> n[1 & !nce=? "k if he ,h done me wrong4 ,a loophole 9 ! mew ,:i* ha? its "n ( ,fam9e's ,t[] f me1 ,& :]e 8 doom "s o!r yet mu/ rue1 ,_h %[n me n[ already ?r\gh its cleft ,moon aft] moon1 :5 t ill dream ,i dream$ ,:i* f futurity ! curta9 reft4 ,he1 9 my vision1 "l & ma/] seem$1 ,hunt+ ! wolf & wolf-cubs on ! height ,:i* scre5e? ,lucca f ! ,pisan's eye3 ,) eag] h\nds1 well tra9$ & lean & light1 ,gual&i & ,lanfran*i d>t$ by1 ,) ke5 ,sismondi--^! ! =emo/ w5t2 ,b aft] "s brief *ase1 too h>dly borne1 ,! sire & (fspr+ seem$ entirely sp5t1 ,& by %>p fangs _! ble$+ sides 7 torn4 ,:5 be=e morn f sleep ,i rais$ my head1 ,i he>d my boys1 9 prison !re ) me1 ,moan+ 9 slumb] & dem&+ bread4 ,if ?\ weep n1 a savage ?\ mu/ be3 ,nay1 if ?\ weep n1 ?9k+ ( ! fe> ,my he>t =ebod$1 can/ ?\ weep at aught8 ,n[ !y woke also1 & ! h\r 0 ne> ,:5 us$ our daily pittance to be br\ght4 ,8 dream made ea* mi/ru/ful2 & ,i he>d ,! door ( t dread t[] nail$ up bel[3 ,!n 9 my *ildr5's eyes1 )\t a ^w1 ,i gaz$1 b mov$ n2 & ,i wept n3 s ,l /one 0 ,i )91 t ,i c\ld n4 ,!y wept1 ?\gh1 & my little ,anselm cri$1 ',?\ look'/ s6 ,fa!r1 :at's ! matt]1 :at8' ,b /ill ,i wept n1 nor a ^w repli$1 ,all t long day1 nor all ! foll[+ night1 ,till e>? beheld ! sun's return+ ray2 ,& soon z "o fa9t gleam ( morn+ light ,/ole to ! dismal dungeon :]e we lay1 ,& soon z ^? f\r visages ,i saw ,imag+ back ! horror ( my own1 ,bo? h&s ?r\gh angui% ,i began to gnaw2 ,& !y1 believ+ want ( food alone ,compell$ me1 />t$ up1 & cri$1 ',f> less1 ,de> fa!r1 x w torture u if ?\ ,%\ld/ fe$ on u6 ,?\ gave/ u ?is dress ,( wret*$ fle%--'tis ?9e1 & take x n[4' ,s to relieve _! little he>ts1 at la/ ,i calm$ myself1 &1 all 9 sil5ce1 ?us ,t & ! next day motionless we pa/4 ,ah ?\ h>d e>?6 :y did/ n ope = u8 ,on ! f\r? morn+1 ,gaddo at my feet ,ca/ himself pro/rate1 murmur+1 ',fa!r6 :y ,do/ ?\ n help me8 ,give me food to eat4 ,) t he di$3 & ev5 s saw ,i1 ,z ?\ see/ me n[1 ?ree m1 "o by "o1 ,betwixt ! fif? day & ! six? day fall2 ,by :i* "t1 sightless gr[n1 o'er ea* de> son ,i grop$1 & two days on ! dead did call3 ,b1 :at grief c\ld n d1 hung] did !n4 ,?is said1 he roll$ 8 eyes askance1 & fell ,to gnaw ! skull ) gre$y tee? aga91 ,/rong z a dog ^u ! bony %ell4 ,ah ,pisa6 %ame ( all 9 t fair l& ,:]e si is utt]$1 s9ce ?y neighbors r\nd ,take v5geance on !e ) a t>dy h&1 ,broke be ,capraja's & ,gorgona's b\nd6 ,let !m dam ,arno's m\? up1 till ! wave ,:elm e s\l ( ?9e 9 its o'erfl[6 ,:at ?\gh 'twas said ,c\nt ,ugol9o gave1 ,?r\gh trea*]y1 ?y /rongholds to ! foe8 ,?\ ne$/ n h torm5t$ s 8 sons1 ,?\ mod]n ,!bes6--_! y\? sav$ !m f blame-- ,brigata1 ,hugh1 & ^? two innoc5t ones ,:om1 j above1 ! canto calls by "n4 ,transcrib]'s note3 ,r5d]+ #b2 ! da% at ! end ( ea* l9e is probably a typesett+ artifact2 all ! poetic l9es are run toge!r4 ,i saw two p]sons froz5 9 "o hole1-- s t "o head to ! o!r 0 hat3-- & z bread 9 hung] is eat51-- s ! upp]mo/ 8 tee? into ! o!r /uck1-- !re :]e ! bra9 is jo9$ to ! nape4-- ,n o!rwise did ,tydeus gnaw-- ! temples ( ,m5alippus ?r\gh disda9-- ?an he did ! skull & ! o!r ?+s4-- ,o ?\ :o %[e/ by s be/ial tok5-- hatr$ ov] him :om ?\ eate/1--,footnote #ie tell me ! :y1 said ,i3 on su* condition1-- t1 if ?\ ) reason ( him compla9e/1-- kn[+ :o y are1 & 8 (f5ce1-- 9 ! _w above ,i also may repay !e = x1-- if t tongue ) :i* ,i speak does n become dry4 ,! m\? he rais$ f ! bea/ly ,footnote #if food1-- t s9n]1 wip+ x on ! hair-- ( ! head :i* he _h disfigur$ 7maim$7 beh9d4-- ,!n he began3 ,?\ wi%e/ t ,i r5ew-- desp]ate grief1 :i* me to ! he>t oppresses1-- ev5 only ?9k+1 be=e ,i speak ( x4-- ,b if my words mu/ 7may7 be a se$-- t w be> fruit ( infamy to ! traitor ,i gnaw1-- ?\ %alt see me bo? speak & weep4-- ,i "k n :o ?\ be nor by :at means-- art ?\ come "h bel[2 b ,flor5t9e-- ?\ seeme/ to me truly1 :5 ,i he> !e4-- ,?\ %\ld/ "k t ,i 0 ,c\nt ,ugol9o1-- & ?is ,ar*bi%op ,ruggi]i3-- n[ ,i'll tell !e :y ,i am su* ,footnote #ig neighbor4-- ,h[ by ! means ( 8 evil m9d1-- tru/+ 9 him1 ,i 0 tak5-- & !n kill$1 !re is no ne$ ( tell+4-- ,b t :i* ?\ can/ n h he>d1 7kn[n71 ,footnote #ih t is1 h[ cruel my dea? 01-- ?\ %alt he>2 & ?\ %alt "k :e!r he ha? done me wrong4-- ,a n>r[ hole )9 ! mew-- ,footnote #ii :i* f me has ! title ( ,hung]1-- & 9 :i* x ne$s t o!rs be conf9$1-- _h %[n me ?r\gh its op5+-- _m moons already1 :5 ,i _h ! fatal dream-- :i* tore f me ! veil ( ! future4-- ,?is man seem$ to me lead] & "l1-- driv+ ! wolf & wolf-cubs ,footnote #ajj to ! m\nta91 = :i* ! ,pisans _c see ,lucca4--,footnote #aja ,) h\nds1 %e-h\nds1 lean1 ke5 on ! sc5t1 & well tra9$1 7cagne magre /udiose e conte17-- ,gual&i ) ,sismondi1 & ) ,lanfran*i-- _h he put be=e him 9 ! van4-- ,aft] a %ort run !y seem$ to me borne d[n1-- ! fa!r & ! sons1 & by ^? %>p tee?-- ,i deem$ _! sides torn op54-- ,:5 ,i became awake ere ! morn+-- ,i he>d weep+ 9 _! sleep my *ildr51-- :o 7 ) me1 & ask = bread4-- ,inde$ ?\ art cruel if ?\ do/ n already grieve1-- ?9k+ ( :at to my he>t 0 !n =ebod$3-- & if ?\ weepe/ n1 at :at art ?\ wont to weep8-- ,!y 7 n[ awake1 & ! h\r 0 draw+ ne>-- :5 food us$ to be br\ght 91-- & 8 dream gave ea* misgiv+s4-- ,& !n ,i he>d ! door bolt$ ,footnote #ajb bel[-- 9 ! horrible t[]3 :]eat ,i look$-- into ! face ( my *ildr5 )\t say+ a ^w4-- ,i 0 n weep+1 s 0 ,i petrifi$ 7impietrai7 )93-- !y 7 weep+2 & my little ,anselm-- said3 ,?\ looke/ s6 ,fa!r1 :at aile? !e8-- ,yet ,i %$ no te>1 nor answ]$ ,i-- all t day1 nor ! foll[+ night1-- until ano!r sun arose ov] ! _w4-- ,z soon z a little gleam ( light 7un poco di raggio7 began to creep-- into ! doleful prison1 & ,i saw 9 f\r faces my own v image1 bo? my h&s ?r\gh pa9 ,i bit2-- & !y1 ?9k+ t ,i did x = wi% ( food1 in/antly arose1-- & said3 ,fa!r1 f> less pa9ful w x be to u-- if ?\ eate/ ( u2 ?\ did/ dress-- u ) ?is mis]able fle%1 d ?\ take x (f4-- ,i !n calm$ myself1 n to make !m m wret*$4-- ,t day & ! next we all lay sil5t3-- alas6 cruel e>?1 :y didn't/ ?\ op58-- ,aft] we _h rea*$ ! f\r? day-- ,gaddo ?rew himself pro/rate at my feet1-- say+3 ,fa!r m9e1 :y do/ ?\ n help me8-- ,!re he di$2 &1 z ?\ see/ me1-- did ,i see ! ?ree fall "o by "o1-- betwixt ! fif? day & ! six?1 :]eat ,i began1-- already bl9d1 to grope ov] ea*3-- & ?ree days ,i call$ !m aft] !y 7 dead4-- ,!n m ?an ! grief did ! fa/+ ov]:elm me4-- ,:5 he _h said ?is1 ) eyes di/ort$-- he resum$ ! loa?some skull betwe5 8 tee?1-- :i*1 l a dog's1 /uck to ! bone4-- ,ah ,pisa6 disgrace to ! p-- ( ! fair l& :]e ! si s\nds2--,footnote #ajc z ?y neighbors are sl[ to puni% !e1-- let ,capraja & ,gorgona ,footnote #ajd arise1-- & build a dam on ,arno's m\?-- t may dr[n e "m's *ild 9 !e4-- ,= if ,c\nt ,ugol9o _h ! "n-- ( hav+ defraud$ !e ( ?y ca/les1-- ?\ %\ld/ n h put ! *ildr5 to su* torture4-- ,innoc5t 7 by _! y\?ful age1-- ,mod]n ,!bes6 ,uguccione & ,brigata1-- & ! o!r two :om my song has m5tion$4 ,footnote #ie3 ,ti mangi1 ?\ selfi%ly holde/ = ?y da9ty food4 ,?is is "o ( ^? idioms express$ by ! reciprocal pron\n ti1 almo/ impossible to translate4 ,its mean+ is felt only by ! native ,italian4 ,footnote #if3 ,fi]o1 "h z ! c>cass on :i* a bea/ ( prey w fe$1 f fi]a1 savage bea/4 ,footnote #ig3 ,tal vic9o1 a neighbor s b>b>\sly di/ress+ ano!r4 ,footnote #ih3 ,inteso ,udire1 he> by *ance2 ascolt>e1 to li/51 int5d]e1 to und]/& :at y he>1 or are told4 ,footnote #ii3 ,muda1 ! place :]e ! republic's eagles 7 kept dur+ m\lt+-"t4 ,mud>e1 to m\lt4 ,footnote #ajj3 ,ugol9o _h ! dream :ile suff]+ ! acute pangs ( hung]4 ,he dreamt ( a fami%$ wolf & its :elps1 hunt$ by %e-h\nds1 "u :i* allegory he recognizes ! ,ghibell9es1 himself be+ a ,guelf4 ,footnote #aja3 ,san ,giuliano1 a m\nta9 betwe5 ,pisa & ,lucca4 ,footnote #ajb3 ,! ,pisans1 ab\t eight mon?s aft] ,ugol9o's imprisonm5t1 bolt$ ! dungeon's massive doors1 lock$ !m1 & ?rew ! keys into ! ,arno4 ,footnote #ajc3 ,dante calls ! language ( ,s\!rn ,france ! language ( oc1 & ! ,italian ! language ( si2 bo? oc & si mean+ yes4 ,footnote #ajd3 ,two small isl&s at ! m\? ( ! ,arno4 ,we _h m>k$ "o or two m pieces = transcription1 b we deem x useless2 = a dilig5t collation ( ,mr4 ,p>sons's text ) ! lit]al translation we h giv5 ad calcem w at once conv9ce ! read] ( ! fai?fulness ( ! "w4 ,( c\rse1 x w\ld be absurd to expect t words 7 r5d]$ = words4 ,x is simply impossible4 ,aga93 !re are words :i* _c be r5d]$4 ,we "k ! ,italian language pretty well--& :y %\ldn't we8--yet we h nev] be5 able to f9d ! ,italian ^w correspond+ ) ! ,engli% home2 nor h tw5ty-?ree ye>s ( close & e>ne/ /udy ( ! ,engli% language yet enabl$ u to f9d an ,engli% ^w correspond+ ) ! ,italian vagheggi>e4 ,we say1 ,he 0 lo/ 9 ! contemplation ( a picture3 ! ,italian w simply say1 ,vagheggiava la pittura4 ,translate1 if y c1 ,l'amante vagheggia la sua bella6 ,y c d x no m ?an ! ,italian c r5d] ) correspond+ mean+ ! words1 ,home6 sweet home6 ,9 our op9ion a too lit]al translation w n give u ,dante2 x w only give 8 words4 ,al?\gh we mu/ admit t ! mean+ ( ! ^w1 z x conveys ! idea1 mu/ be scrupul\sly r5d]$ z well z ! idiom1 yet x is evid5t t too great an anxiety 9 translat+ ! ^w into t :i* be>s ! greate/ resemblance to ! orig9al may lead into a misconception or misrepres5tation ( ! au?or's idea4 ,9 an elaborate article 9 ! ,atlantic ,mon?ly1 ( ,augu/1 #ahfg1 ! ^w height1 employ$ by ,mr4 ,longfell[ 9 8 translation ( ,dante1 7,purgat1 xxviii4 v4 #ajf17 receives ! pref]5ce ov] summit1 employ$ by ,c>y4 ,true1 height is ! lit]al r5dition = altezza2 yet ,dante !re employs altezza n 9 its lit]al mean+1 :i* is "o ( measurem5t1 b 9 t ( a summit1 or a top4 ,a comp>ison ) p>allel cases 9 ! ,comm$ia w be> u out 9 our rem>k4 ,we mu/ n be und]/ood z if we meant to pref] ,c>y to ,longfell[4 ,by no means3 = ! =m] gives u ,c>y's ,dante1 :]eas ! latt] gives u1 if we may be all[$ ! expression1 ,dante's ,dante4 ,:i* rem>k1 h[ev]1 mu/ n be tak5 z if we 7 dispos$ to endorse ! fidelity ( e l9e ( ! ,am]ican translator4 #bbj ,! v n>r[ limits to :i* he has conf9$ himself (t5 place him "u ! necessity ( employ+ words :i* convey n ! orig9al's idea2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 (t5 mu/ he add words 9 ord] to fill up 8 l9e2 = example1 ,:5 he _h said ?is1 ) 8 eyes di/ort$4 ,t 8 ,dante nev] put !re2 :y1 x is a pleonasm4 ,:ile we d n l nor did ev] l ! fre$om ( ,c>y1 nay1 h felt indignant at ! lib]ties he has tak5 ) ! text1 we are amaz$ at ! boldness ) :i* ,mr4 ,longfell[ has endeavor$ to ma/] 8 ,procru/ean difficulties2 b we give pref]5ce to ! "w ( ,dr4 ,p>sons1 because 8 translation is easy 7dis9volta1 ! ,italians w\ld call x7 & yet fai?ful2 x is poetical1 & yet we *all5ge our read]s to po9t to any idea :i* is n convey$ to ! ,engli% m9d 9 scrupul\s fidelity to ,dante's ideas4 ,he sits 9 ,alighi]i's *air1 & he is at home4 ,7 we reque/$ by him :o knew ,italian only mod]ately z to ! easie/ me?od to und]/& & enjoy ,dante1 we w\ld say3 ,read ! text1 collat+ x v]se = v]se ) ,longfell[2 !n read ,p>sons4 ,yet1 to be c&id1 we hope no ,am]ican s*ol> w =m 8 idea ( ,dante's transc5d5tal m]it on ! translation ( ,mr4 ,longfell[1 :o1 x mu/ be admitt$1 has done m m]itori\s "w 9 behalf ( ,dante ?an ! "o hundr$ ?\s& & "o :o h writt5 comm5ts on him4 ,b "o feels a pa9ful s5sation 9 alight+ f ,dante's text on ,longfell['s translation1 :]eas ! transition f ! p]usal ( ! orig9al to ,p>sons's causes no j]k+ 9 our s\l1 & ! pleasure1 decies repetita1 nev] abates4 ,to ! ,italian s*ol> ,mr4 ,longfell['s translation w nev] prove satisfactory4 ,le/ our read]s %\ld ?9k t we are bl9d admir]s ( ,dr4 ,p>sons1 we w conclude ?is "p ( our pap] ) ! rem>k t we wi% diff]5t words 7 9 a few occasions employ$ by him4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ! ^w1 9 blacke/ lett]s1 7,inf4 c4 iii1 v4 #aj17 d n convey ! full mean+ ( ,dante's p>ole di colore oscuro4 ,( c\rse ! doctor c easily def5d 8 r5dition 7& we "k he long pond]$ on ! suitabl5ess ( ! ^w7 ) ! obvi\s rem>k t a sc\ndrel may be black )\t be+ an ,abyss9ian1 h5ce 8 blacke/ lett]s mu/ be tak5 9 a moral s5se2 yet x requires an aft]-?\ght to und]/& x1 :]eas ! ^w oscuro at once h9ts at some?+ black 9 itself & dreadful 9 its =ebod+s4 ,b :at ,engli% ^w w convey ! idea8 ,our article1 incomplete z x is1 w\ld yet appe> m defici5t 7 we n to give our read]s a g5]al idea ( :at ! ,div9a ,comm$ia is1 :at x proposes to convey to ! read]'s m9d4 ,7 we to =m an idea ( ! nature ( ?is poem f :at has be5 writt5 ab\t x1 we %\ld call x a saddle4 ,= !re is no sy/em1 !ological1 philosophical1 or political1 ! support]s :]e( h n tak5 _! pro(s f ,dante4 ,accord+ to "s1 ,dante 0 a ,ca?olic devotee2 :ile o!rs1 especially 9 ^! our days1 w repres5t him z ! mo/ det]m9$ & consci5ti\s foe ( ev]y?+ ,ca?olic1 et sic de cet]is4 #bba ,9 ! language ( an accurate mod]n ,italian s*ol>1 ,dante lift$ ! ,italian language f its cradle1 & laid x on a ?rone3 9 spite ( ! rud5ess ( ! times n yet fre$ f b>b>ism1 he d>$ to conceive a poem1 9 :i* he embodi$ :atev] !re 0 mo/ ab/ruse 9 philosophical & !ological doctr9es2 9 8 ?ree canticles he mass$ :atev] 0 kn[n 9 ! sci5tific _w2 aft] ! example ( ,hom] & ,virgil1 he knew h[ to select a national subject :i* w\ld int]e/ all ,italy1 nay1 all ^: he>ts 7 w>m$ by ! w>m? ( ,ca?olic fai?2 9 a ^w1 he became ! m>k ei!r ( decay or ( prosp]ity 9 ! ,italian lit]ature1 :i* 0 always enhanc$ accord+ z 8 div9e poem 0 /udi$ & appreciat$1 or laid aside & neglect$4 ,footnote #aje ,footnote #aje3 ,cav4 ,g4 ,maffei1 ,/oria ,lit4 ,ital4 ,i4 iii4 ,dante 0 born 9 ,flor5ce1 9 ,m>*1 #abfe1 & di$ 9 ,rav5na an exile 9 #acba1 ,septemb] #ad4 ,8 fa!r's "n 0 ,alighi]o degli ,alighi]i4 ,8 education 0 z p]fect z ! times c\ld af=d 9 sci5ce1 belles-lettres1 & arts4 ,:5 only n9e ye>s old he became acqua9t$ ) ,beatrice di ,folco ,port9>i1 a "y damsel ( eight summ]s1 b end[$ ) great gifts ( s\l & body1 & h] praises he sang 9 prose & v]se1 & to h] he allott$ a di/+ui%$ place 9 p>adise4 ,dante s]v$ 8 c\ntry fai?fully bo? 9 ! c\ncils ( peace & "u ! panoply ( w>4 ,:5 only ?irty-five ye>s old1 he atta9$ ! highe/ dignity 9 ! gift ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,on ! occupation ( ,flor5ce by ,*>les ( ,valois1 ^: pret5sions he _h oppos$ & s f> ?w>t$1 ,dante 0 bani%$ f ,flor5ce1 7,jan4 #bg1 #acjb47 ,at ! "t1 he 0 9 ,rome endeavor+ to int]e/ ,pope ,boniface ,,viii4 9 behalf ( 8 de> ,flor5ce4 ,dante nev] saw 8 native place aga91 b aft] n9ete5 ye>s ( exile & pov]ty he di$ highly honor$ & v t5d]ly c>$ = by ! ,pol5tas1 ! ma/]s ( ,rav5na4 ,dante 0 ! au?or ( _m excell5t works2 b to ! ,div9a ,comm$iahe owes t fame by :i* he /&s ( all ! ,italians facile pr9ceps4 ,at fir/1 x 0 8 int5tion to write 8 poem 9 ,lat9 v]se2 b see+ t t language 0 n und]/ood by all1 & _m ev5 among ! educat$ laity c\ld n read x1 & j !n ! great trans=mation ( ! new language tak+ place he wisely conceiv$ ! plan ( ga!r+ all ! words :i* 7 !n us$ f ! ,alps to ! sea1 & exhibit$ a uni=mity ( s\nd & =mation1 & ?us to write a poem t might be call$ national1 & at ! same "t be a bond t w\ld unite all ! ,italian he>ts4 ,?is may be look$ ^u z ! political or patriotic aim ( 8 "w4 ,a moral end _h he !n 9 view3 ?us1 lay+ d[n z ! pr9ciple ( common de/9y t man 0 creat$ = ! d\ble end ( enjoy+ an imp]i%able happ9ess h]eaft]1 to be atta9$ by secur+ a happ9ess 9 ?is _w1 :i* %\ld arise f att5d+ to ! pursuits ( virtue1 9 ,p>adise he describ$ ! =m]1 :i* _c be atta9$ )\t a s\l entirely deta*$ f ! affections ( ?is e>?1 a process ( s*ool+ "o's self & purification s well repres5t$ by :at he imag9es to h witness$ 9 ,purgatory4 ,b z ! s\l ne$s be animat$ to d works ( ju/ice by ! promise ( rew>d1 z well z by ! intimidation ( deadly puni%m5t1 s he depicts ! horrors to :i* ! lo/ p1 ^? :o 7 dead to ev5 ! aspiration ( a virtu\s nature1 w be doom$ 9 ,hell4 ,naturally1 ?is triple /ate ( ! s\l1 lo/1 r$eem+ h]self1 glorifi$1 gave him a *ance ( embody+ into 8 "w !ological expositions ( ! duties ( man1 ( ! work+ ( grace1 & ( ! economy ( religion2 revelation1 natural religion1 & sci5ce1 all 9 turn l5d him a help+ h&4 #bbb ,& because examples %\ld be adduc$ to practically prove ! tru? ( 8 ass]tions1 he freely quotes f ! pa/ & f ! pres5t2 & :ile he is p]fectly alive to ! importance ( plac+ 9 high relief ! beautiful de$s ( ^? :o ga9$ glory 9 p>adise because ( _! be+ fai?ful to ! behe/s ( fai? & religion 9 :atev] conc]ns our relations to ,god1 ourselves1 & our neighbors1 at ! same "t1 8 he>t burn+ ) love = 8 c\ntry1 he w admit ( no mitigation 9 ! ,conduct ,( su* z he consid]s unfai?ful to x or 9 ! lea/ ho/ile to t ,flor5ce he lov$ s well4 ,& "h we pause4 ,we h n done ju/ice to ! subject3 we h n said all we c\ld wi% ab\t ,dante & ,mr4 ,p>sons4 ,yet we hope ! few rem>ks we h made w enk9dle 9 ! brea/ ( "s ( our read]s a desire ( becom+ bett] acqua9t$ ) ! fa!r ( ,italian lit]ature1 ! idol ( ! ,italian /ud5t1 ! ,fi]o ,ghibell9o3 ,onorate l'altissimo ,poeta4 ---------- ,aspirations4 ,o dread ,jehovah6 :o be=e ! _w ,_h be+ dwelt et]nal & alone1 ,ere yet our planet on its pa? 0 hurl$ ,?r\gh space1 ere angel or ar*angel %one1 ,ere waves _h le>n$ to roll or w9ds to sweep1 ,& d>kness brood$ on ! mighty deep6 ,?y glance se>*$ ?r\gh inf9ity ar\nd1 ,& !re 0 none save !e2 ?y _s w>m ,mov$ ov] *aos1 & its va/ pr(\nd ,heav$ up a ?\s& worlds1 d>k1 )\t =m4 ,let !re be light6 ,&1 k9dl$ at ?y ray1 ,bur/ radiant morn+ teem+ ) ! day4 ,& :at am ,i to !e8 ,a ra9drop plac$ ,9 an o'erteem+ cl\d8 ,a sn[flake drift+ o'er ! nor!rn wa/e ,:5 w9ds are l\d8 ,an atom or a no?+ :]e sublime ,worlds1 planets pil$1 ?y praise unceas+ *ime8 ,n s2 = 9 ?y liv+ image made1 ,consci\s ( w1 ( immortality1 ,9 ?y trem5d\s attributes array$1 ,l !e1 a ,"l1 yield+ alone to !e-- ,:at awful dignity6 :at p[] div9e6 ,a semblance ( inf9itude is m9e4 #bbc ,yet did ?y brea? no less ,create me2 sprung f ?y et]nal fires1 ,i gl[2 )\t !e1 ,i am no?+ness2 ,?y wisdom guides me & ?y love inspires4 ,give me ?y he>t--,o /range b5ignity6 ,:at is a mortal's he>t1 ,o ,god6 to !e8 ,my bur/+ he>t exp&s ,to meet !e1 & ?y pres5ce weighs me d[n3 ,he :o conta9s ! heav5s )9 8 h&s1 ,annihilat+ sy/ems ) 8 fr[n1 ,comes clad 9 g>m5ts ( mortality ,to dwell on ?is dim1 %ad[y e>? ) me4 ,= :at %all ,i ex*ange !e8 ,= ! %9e ,( worldly pomp & pageantry & p[]8 ,?is sp>k1 )9 et]nal & div9e1 ,spurns ! false baubles ( a fleet+ h\r4 ,?\ art all glory1 p[]1 inf9ity-- ,?\ art2 :at c ,i want1 possess+ !e8 ,?\ %alt un*ang$ behold ,! />ry ho/1 qu5*$ l a firebr&1 die2 ,! firmam5t is z a ve/ure roll$ ,ar\nd !e--z a ve/ure 'tis ca/ by4 ,a ?\s& ye>s are no?+ 9 ?y sight-- ,or z a wat* t passes 9 ! night4 ,& :5 ?is e>? %all fly ,to atoms2 :5 ! m\nta9s %all be toss$ ,z *aff2 :5 l a scroll rolls back ! sky1 ,& ,nature & h] laws = ev] lo/2 ,:5 ?\ %alt speak 9 fire ! dread comm& ,& hurl x f ! holl[ ( ?y h&-- ,:at hope = me8 ,?y promises sublime ,t o'er ! wreck ( worlds ,i %all survey1 ,) eye unmov$1 beyond ! t\* ( ,"t1 ,! />s gr[ d>k1 ! melt+ heav5s decay1 ,& sit array$ 9 immortality ,9 peace et]nal & supreme ) !e4 ,c4 ,e4 ,b4 ---------- #bbd ,%all we h a ,ca?olic ,congress8 ,all our read]s mu/ h read ) int]e/ ! acc\nt giv5 ( ! la/ ,ca?olic ,congress at ,mal9es4 ,! importance & utility ( su* assemblies are g5]ally und]/ood4 ,%all we h a ,ca?olic ,congress8 ,! feasibility ( introduc+ x into ! ,unit$ ,/ates c sc>cely be d\bt$4 ,! p "h are m accu/om$ to self-gov]nm5t ?an 9 ,europe4 ,we are ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) ! managem5t & rules ( popul>1 delib]ative assemblies4 ,we h le>n$ memb]s ( ! cl]gy1 & educat$ laym51 :o appreciate ! value ( a congress1 & are compet5t to r5d] its work+s practical & make its delib]ations effective4 ,! episcopacy is ev] ready to aid und]tak+s = ! b5efit ( religion4 ,!re c1 !re=e1 be no d\bt ( obta9+ ! necess>y sanction f ! ecclesia/ical hi]>*y = ! assembl+ ( ! congress4 ,:o1 !n1 w beg9 x8 ,& :5 w x be held8 ,_m e>ne/ ,ca?olics ( ! c\ntry1 :o h se5 ! great b5efits d]iv$ to ,belgium & ,france f ! congresses at ,mal9es2 & to ,g]many f ^? at ,muni* & else:]e2 :o h witness$ ! p[]ful influ5ce = propagat+ doctr9es & conc5trat+ =ces ( ! sect>ian or philan?ropical assemblies :i* annually meet 9 ,new ,york or else:]e1 are ask+ ^! que/ions4 ,our =ces are scatt]$2 a congress w\ld unite !m4 ,!re is no c5tre1 no unanimity1 no h>mony ( action among u 9 ref]5ce to _m important matt]s :i* might be treat$ ( 9 a congress4 ,let u briefly enum]ate "s ( ! objects :i* c\ld be discuss$ & /udi$ 9 an assembly ( our le>n$ cl]gy & educat$ laity4 ,,free ,,sunday ,,& ,,day ,,s*ools1 _! regulation & amelioration1 might be "o ( ! objects4 ,9 l>ge cities l ,new ,york1 ,baltimore1 ,bo/on1 & ,philadelphia1 :]e ,ca?olics are1 _m ( !m1 weal?y & in/ruct$1 ! tea*]s ( p>o*ial or ,sunday s*ools are (t5 highly capable ( conduct+ _! e/abli%m5ts4 ,! l>ge cities af=d s _m opportunities ( /udy & improvem5t t e "o c le>n4 ,b 9 ! poor c\ntry di/ricts1 h[ is x8 ,! tea*]s are isolat$4 ,!y ne$ m sy/em4 ,!re is no c5tral po9t to :i* !y may look = light4 ,! rural cl]gy 9 remote di/ricts are (t5 suff]+ f want ( "s l>ge & p[]ful organization :i* c\ld assi/ !m 9 _! labors1 ei!r = ! improvem5t ( _! s*ools1 _! *oirs1 etc41 or = ! c\nt]act+ ( ,prote/ant propag&ism4 ,! influ5ce :i* has be5 ex]cis$ on education 9 ,belgium by ! ,ca?olic congresses is well kn[n4 ,! labors ( ! ,g]man ,ca?olic congresses is n s public4 ,! ,n9ete5? ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,ca?olic associations ( ,g]many took place at ,bamb]g1 9 ,bav>ia1 dur+ ! int]val betwe5 ! #ca/ ( ,augu/ & ! #c;d ( ,septemb]1 ,a4,d4 #ahfh4 ,^! ,g]man congresses1 l ^? ( ,belgium1 are compos$ ( laym5 z well z ecclesia/ics4 ,!y exclude all political que/ions f _! sessions4 #bbe ,_! only aim is to su/a9 & support ! ,ca?olic cause4 ,9 ! ?ree fir/ meet+s1 "o at ,may5ce1 9 #ahdh1 "u ! presid5cy ( ! ,*evali] ,buss2 ! o!r at ,breslau1 presid$ ov] by ,m4 ,lieb]1 :ile ! city 0 9 a /ate ( siege1 9 #ahdi2 & 9 ! ?ird1 held at ,ratisbon 9 #ahej1 ! memb]s organiz$ a unity ( action among ! societies ( ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul1 e/abli%$ s*ools & read+-rooms 9 ! int]e/ ( ,ca?olic lit]ature1 & wat*$ ov] ! religi\s wants ( ! ,g]mans 9 ,p>is & ?r\gh\t ! re/ ( ,france4 ,! ,congress ( ,ratisbon1 presid$ ov] by ,c\nt ,joseph de ,/olb]g1 f\nd$ ! ,society ( ,/4 ,boniface1 :i* has s9ce !n realiz$ ! sum ( #gjj1jjj1 & by ?is means e/abli%$ "o hundr$ & t5 missions & "o hundr$ & fifty s*ools = ! poor ,g]man ,ca?olics liv+ 9 ,prote/ant c\ntries4 ,mn/]1 9 ,we/phalia1 _h a ,congress 9 #aheb4 ,! presid5t 0 ! ,b>on ( ,&lau4 ,9 x 0 discuss$ ! me?od :i* ! ,ca?olic associations c\ld take to promote ,*ri/ian education & to f\nd a ,ca?olic univ]sity4 ,^! delib]ations 7 cont9u$ ! foll[+ ye> at ! ,vi5na ,congress1 :]e ,dr4 ,zell presid$4 ,9 #ahef1 at ano!r ,congress1 9 :i* ,c\nt ,o',donnel 0 presid5t1 ! f\ndation ( *ildr5's asylums 0 discuss$4 ,salzburg 0 propos$ z ! seat ( ! ,ca?olic univ]sity4 ,! ,salzburg ,congress1 9 #aheg1 0 specially occupi$ ) ?is project1 & ) ! means ( develop+ ! p[] ( ! ,ca?olic press1 f\nd+ ,ca?olic publication societies1 & giv+ pecuni>y aid to ! ,ca?olics ( ! ,ea/4 ,at ,freyburg1 9 #ahei1 ! ,congress1 presid$ ov] by ! ,c\nt de ,br&is1 treat$ ( ! ,ca?olic press & religi\s music4 ,! ,?irte5? ,congress at ,muni*1 9 #ahfa1 f\nd$ ! lit]>y review kn[n z ! ,litt]>is*] ,h&weis]1 edit$ by ,hulskam & ,rump1 at ,mn/]4 ,! ,congress ( ,aix-la-,*apelle1 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 took up aga9 ! "q ( ! e/abli%m5t ( a ,ca?olic univ]sity4 ,a committee 0 appo9t$ to f\nd x2 b ! gov]nm5t oppos$ !m4 ,?is r excit$ ?an dim9i%$ ! zeal ( ! p]sev]+ ,g]man ,ca?olics4 ,pr(essor ,moell]1 ( ,l\va91 on ?is occasion said3 ,! ^w impossible is n ,*ri/ian4 ,!re 0 n "o ( ^? congresses t did n oppose ! secul>ization ( education2 n "o ( !m t did n mat]ially & morally aid ! cause ( ,*ri/ian doctr9e4 ,9 ^! ,g]man congresses we h a good model to imitate4 ,isolat$ attempts to obta9 public support = our own s*ools w r>ely if ev] succe$4 ,!re mu/ be union2 a union ( ! ,ca?olic bra91 intellig5ce1 & weal?1 n only 9 "o /ate1 b all ov] ! c\ntry4 ,our ,,ca?olic ,,re=matories is ano!r object wor?y ! att5tion ( a ,ca?olic congress4 ,no "o c exagg]ate ! importance ( ^! in/itutions4 ,t ( ,new ,york1 support$ & ma9ta9$ by our good & zeal\s ar*bi%op1 has produc$ incalculable b5efits 9 our city already4 ,a ,ca?olic congress w\ld /r5g!n ! h&s ( our zeal\s prelate2 w\ld increase ! effici5cy ( ! in/itution2 w\ld enc\rage ! ,ca?olics ( o!r cities1 :]e !y are n already e/abli%$1 to f\nd simil> e/abli%m5ts = ! orphan$ or homeless *ildr5 :o sw>m 9 our c\ntry4 ,h[ _m ( ! poor sons & daught]s ( our ,ca?olic emigrants are lo/ = ev] to fai? & virtue 9 our cities6 #bbf ,w n _! blood cry out on ! la/ day aga9/ _! fell[-,*ri/ians1 :o h ! weal? & ! intellig5ce1 b n ! zeal1 to save !m f a life ( crime & ignom9y8 ,! ,,/4 ,,v9c5t ,,de ,,paul ,,societies c\ld also pr(it by union ( action among ! diff]5t conf]5ces ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,9 ! ,s\?1 especially1 ! w> has multipli$ wid[s & orphans4 ,! poor !re h n ! same advantages z 9 ! ,nor?4 ,"s ( ! dioceses 7 poor be=e ! w>4 ,!y are n[ all v poor4 ,! bi%ops & prie/s are try+ to build up :at ! sword or ! cannon de/roy$4 ,x is true !re are regul> assemblies ( ! diff]5t conf]5ces2 b !y ne$ a /rong] impulse f )\t to make !m fl\ri% z !y %\ld & z !y are ne$$4 ,!n !re is ! "q ( ,,religi\s ,,music1 ,footnote #ajf :i* none ( ! ,european congresses ev] omit 9 _! delib]ations4 ,footnote #ajf3 ,pr(essor ,jacovacci1 ( ! ,propag&a ,college1 9 a rec5t circul> to ! bi%ops1 urges ?is po9t on ! next ,g5]al ,c\ncil4 ,we are n dispos$ to f9d fault2 b e "o kn[s t ! music ( our *ur*es is frequ5tly any?+ b rubrical or ecclesia/ical4 ,we are 9 favor ( ! be/ music2 ! v be/1 :e!r x be figur$ or pla9 *ant2 b let x be at lea/ ,,*ur* music1 n reha%$ op]as4 ,we "k t _m ( ! pa/ors are unable to procure s+]s :o are compet5t to r5d] ,ca?olic music z x %\ld be 9 our *ur*es4 ,we ne$ a ,ca?olic tra9+-s*ool ( music4 ,a ,ca?olic cons]vatory might easily be =m$ 9 ,new ,york4 ,x is no exagg]ation to say t ! be/ ( ! =eign musicians 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates are ,ca?olics1 :e!r !y be rem>kable = _! skill ) in/rum5ts or = ! culture ( _! voices4 ,!re is besides mu* native tal5t1 :i* only ne$s ! opportunity to become di/+ui%$4 ,let !re be f\nd$ a national ,ca?olic cons]vatory ( music1 ) prizes & exhibitions2 let ! memb]s ( x see t _! ef=ts w be ev5 pecuni>ily & pr(itably remun]at$1 & we v5ture to pr$ict t 9 a %ort "t ,am]ica w /& z high z h] ,european si/]s 9 religi\s music4 ,t[>d ! close ( ! la/ ,mal9es ,congress1 a multitude ( ,belgian ,ca?olic amateurs gave an oratorio on ! ,la/ ,judgm5t1 :i* 0 magnific5t4 ,a ,ca?olic cons]vatory ( music 9 ,new ,york c\ld give simil> ent]ta9m5ts1 z an appropriate t]m9ation to our ,ca?olic congresses1 & be able !reby to pay all its exp5ses1 & h ev5 mu* left ) :i* to remun]ate its memb]s4 ,,libr>ies1 ,,read+-,,rooms1 & ! ,,press c\ld also be discuss$4 ,no?+ w d m good 9 a community ?an a supply ( good read+ matt]4 ,we h already discuss$ ! me?od ( f\nd+ family & ,sunday-s*ool libr>ies 9 ! pages ( ?is magaz9e4 ,a ,ca?olic congress w\ld enc\rage ^? :o wi%$ to f\nd !m2 w\ld br+ out ! en]gies ( _m ( ! laity & cl]gy :o only seek a good opportunity to display !m4 ,9 ?is respect we might le>n a lesson f _m ( ! ,prote/ant sects4 ,:atev] we may ?9k ( ! real zeal ( ,prote/ants1 h[ev] mu* we may condemn _! ext]nal %[ ( piety1 _! conf\nd+ ,*ri/ian *>ity ) philan?ropism1 we mu/ admire ! en]gy :i* !y manife/ 9 ! cause ( education4 ,no *ur* ( !irs b has its ,bible class1 its well-organiz$ ,sunday-s*ool1 its ,sunday-s*ool libr>y1 its "y m5's association1 read+-room1 & newspap]4 #bbg ,no d\bt ^! are b ! accid5tals ( ,*ri/ianity2 b !y help v mu* 9 propagat+ or su/a9+ ! ess5tials4 ,x is c]ta9 t our ,,ca?olic ,,press does n receive all ! support :i* x des]ves4 ,we h ,ca?olic newspap]s1 :i* c\ld be r5d]$ mu* m useful & effici5t 7 !y bett] patroniz$2 & z = our magaz9e1 our read]s mu/ judge :e!r we d n endeavor our utmo/ to satisfy _! intellectual wants4 ,9 ,europe1 e petty1 poor ,ca?olic community is will+ to support a j\rnal4 ,we (t5 f9d _m reviews fl\ri%+ 9 c\ntries f> less weal?y & popul\s ?an our own4 ,ought n ! five millions ( ,ca?olics ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to give ,,! ,,ca?olic ,,_w a subscription li/ ( at lea/ fifty ?\s&8 ,& if !y d n1 :at is ! reason8 ,is x because !y are poor8 ,no1 b because !re is no c5tral po9t f :i* ! curr5t ( electricity c be s5t leap+ ?r\gh ! bra9 & he>t ( our population4 ,let u h a congress = ^! purposes also4 ,!n !re is ! project ( a ,,ca?olic ,,univ]sity4 ,e day we read ( weal?y g5tlem5 leav+ donations ( ?\s&s ( doll>s to educational e/abli%m5ts belong+ to ! /ate or to religi\s d5om9ations o!r ?an ,ca?olic4 ,9 ,europe ?is is also a common cu/om4 ,we h read ( ,mr4 ,peabody's donation to ,yale ,college4 ,gir>d1 an infidel1 f\nd$ ! in/itution 9 ,philadelphia :i* be>s 8 "n4 ,our ,ca?olic millionaires ( ,new ,york & o!r cities1 we are sure1 only ne$ to be ask$ to %[ _! g5]osity 9 ! f\nd+ ( a ,ca?olic univ]sity4 ,sev]al ( ! petty ,g]man /ates h !irs4 ,ev5 impov]i%$ ,irel& has _h ! c\rage to orig9ate "o4 ,w n ri* ,am]ica foll[ h] example8 ,:at is want+8 ,n ! money2 n ! patronage2 n ! ability to conduct x2 b simply t !re is no unit$1 p[]ful body ( ,ca?olics to und]take x4 ,give u a congress1 & we c h ?is union2 a congress ( ! bra91 good s5se1 & fai? ( ! ,am]ican *ur*4 ,are we to h a s*ool ( ,,ca?olic ,,arti/s 9 ?is c\ntry8 ,%all we d any?+ to promote ! ,ca?olic arts ( pa9t+1 sculpture1 & ar*itecture8 ,:at /yle ( *ur* ornam5t %all we keep8 ,%all we cultivate ! ta/e ( our cl]gy 9 ^! matt]s8 ,aft] :at fa%ion %all our *ur*es be built8 ,w we make no ef=t to unite ! ,ca?olic ar*itects & arti/s ( ! c\ntry to consult1 comp>e _! exp]i5ces1 & improve _! ta/e & tal5t by mutual contact8 ,!y individually desire to be br\ght toge!r4 ,!re is no true arti/ :o does n wi% = an opportunity to be appreciat$2 & :]e c s j an appreciation ( an arti/'s "w be _h z 9 a ,ca?olic congress ( ,am]ican ,ca?olic tal5t :i* w\ld influ5ce ev5 ! remote/ p>ts ( our va/ c\ntry8 ,our prie/s all feel ! want m or less ( a c5tral po9t to :i* !y c look ) safety = prop] ve/m5ts1 alt> furniture1 & alt> w9e1 ,x may be suspect$ )\t ra%ness t _m ( ! m]*ants :o sell w9es = ! alt> are n always reliable4 ,9 _m cases ! w9e is adult]at$4 ,9 su* a /ate ( unc]ta9ty1 w\ld x n be well to h a ,bureau ( ,safety e/abli%$8 ,w\ld x n be well to h "s au?oriz$ & reliable ag5ts :o c\ld transport to ?is c\ntry1 *eaply & safely1 "s ( ! treasures ( ,europe--ve/m5ts1 *alices1 pictures1 & ! l--in/ead ( oblig+ e prie/ to dep5d on 8 own individual k1 or leave him at ! m]cy ( "s purely m]cantile monopoly8 #bbh ,if !re 7 a ,ca?olic congress1 all ?is /ate ( disord] c\ld be rem$i$1 if n 9 "o ye>1 at lea/ 9 two or ?ree4 ,!re are zeal\s ,ca?olics en\gh 9 ! c\ntry to devote a portion ( _! "t to ! g5]al int]e/s ( religion4 ,! condition ( ,,ca?olic ,,prison]s 9 jails or p5it5ti>ies c\ld =m n ! lea/ important object ( a ,ca?olic assembly4 ,!re are _m un=tunate memb]s ( our *ur* 9 ! prisons on ! neighbor+ isl&s ( ,new ,york :o are 9 ! be/ dispositions to pr(it by spiritual consolation1 yet !y h no books1 save ! few :i* ! devot$ *apla9 may give !m :5 *>ity af=ds him ! necess>y funds4 ,! prison]s 9 m remote di/ricts are worse (f4 ,does x n /ir up ! fire ( zeal 9 ! he>t ( a ,ca?olic to "k t he c save a s\l1 reclaim ! vici\s1 & give consolation to a poor wret* :o may h un=tunately =gott5 ! sanctity prescrib$ by 8 religion8 ,w\ld n a supply ( good books be a gods5d to ,ca?olic prison]s8 ,w\ld x n t5d to re=m !m1 to beguile _! we>y h\rs1 & sanctify !m8 ,n[1 a ,ca?olic congress c\ld e/abli% a p]man5t committee1 to see t ! prisons ( ! c\ntry 7 suppli$ ) ,ca?olic lit]ature4 ,if we want to conv]t ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 we mu/ be 9 e>ne/ ab\t our "w4 ,we mu/ take e me?od t our means w enable u to use & our piety sugge/4 ,let ,ca?olic doctr9es p]colate ?r\gh ! ve9s ( society n only by prea*+ 9 our *ur*es1 b by spread+ ,ca?olic tracts1 ,ca?olic newspap]s1 ,ca?olic books 9 ! city1 9 ! c\ntry1 9 ! "w-h\se1 ev5 9 ! jail & p5it5ti>y4 ,let our religion be l its ,f\nd]1 go+ ab\t ev]y:]e do+ good3 p]transiit b5efaci5do4 ,al?\gh c5tralization1 9 a political po9t ( view1 :5 c>ri$ to excess1 is injuri\s to lib]ty1 too mu* individualism is equally p]nici\s1 = x entails too mu* responsibility4 ,a ,ca?olic congress w\ld n de/roy individual zeal1 b only conc5trate x4 ,a ,ca?olic congress c\ld co]ce no man's w4 ,x w\ld only be an index to %[ m5 :at !y c\ld d2 to ask !m to be unanim\s & to pull toge!r4 ,! details ( ! congress c\ld be arrang$ at its meet+4 ,! con/itution & by-laws ( ! ,mal9es congresses1 or ( ^? :i* succe$$ s admirably 9 ,g]many1 c\ld be adopt$ ) slight modifications4 ,! approbation ( ! ,holy ,fa!r w\ld be giv5 to x z to ^? 9 ,europe4 ,our v5]able ar*bi%ops & bi%ops w\ld sanction x4 ,! prelate 9 ^: diocese x w\ld assemble might preside at its delib]ations or appo9t a sub/itute4 ,committees w\ld be appo9t$1 "s p]man5t1 o!rs transitory4 ,9 ! int]e/ ( ! laity1 !n1 we ask = a ,ca?olic congress4 ,we ask = x 9 ! int]e/ ( ! cl]gy also1 :o are anxi\s to keep up _! own tone ( respectability1 & at ! same "t influ5ce by unanimity ! great "w ( ! conv]sion ( ! :ole ,unit$ ,/ates to ,ca?olicity4 ---------- #bbi ,translat$ ,f ,le ,correspondant4 ,! ,pres5t ,disputes 9 ,philosophy & ,sci5ce4 ,by ,dr4 ,*auffaid1 ( ,! ,imp]ial ,academy ,( ,m$ic9e4 ,i4 ,philosophy or r philosophical discussions are be+ r5ew$4 ,on ! "o h&1 mat]ialism rages l a tempe/ ov] ! regions ( sci5ce2 m5ac+ our sci5tific1 intellectual1 & moral pa/ & future ) de/ruction4 ,on ! o!r side1 we behold noble ef=ts1 beautiful works1 & eloqu5t prote/ations1 on ! "p ( reason & lib]ty1 9 favor ( ! dignity ( human nature aga9/ ! debas+ t5ets ( positivism4 ,we "k :at %all be ! result ( ?is /ruggle4 ,mat]iali/ic doctr9es & hypo!ses c nev] conqu] ! be/ aspirations & real glory ( humanity4 ,b if f9al triumph is c]ta91 :5 w x take place8 ,imm$iately1 or only aft] a pass+ victory ( ! great philosophical error ( ! day8 ,?is is a s]i\s "q2 = a tempor>y victory by mat]ialism w\ld be a fatal sign ( our "t1 & humiliate our race beyond any?+ t c be imag9$4 ,! philosophical discussions1 !re=e1 :i* h be5 rais$ ar\nd u are n a m]e useless noise2 b !y are ! mo/ important subject = our consid]ation1 be>+ ) !m great de/9ies--^? ( sci5ce1 & p]haps ( national life4 ,to appreciate ! true "* ( ! mat]iali/ic movem5t :i* is /irr+ e lay] ( society1 & ^: action ! le>n$ & ! ignorant equally feel1 we mu/ exam9e all ! remote & proximate1 lat5t & manife/1 causes :i* influ5ce ! curr5ts1 ! ebb & fl[ ( mat]ialism4 ,x w\ld be well to det]m9e h[ actual mat]ialism has its exclusive orig9 & its new s\rces 9 ! b[els ( mod]n sci5ce2 :at new support x has met ) 9 rec5t sci5tific discov]ies1 & :at are ! value & be>+ ( ^? discov]ies4 ,9 behold+ ! tumult :i* ! p>tisans ( ! exp]im5tal me?od 9 philosophy create1 ! en?usiasm :i* !y %[1 & ! passionate def5ce ( _! !ory1 "o w\ld suppose !y _h made a new conque/ ( ! human m9d1 & made "s a/\nd+ discov]y4 ,yet we "k :at ! exact value ( ! exp]im5tal me?od is4 ,:y1 !n1 s mu* n]v\s excitem5t ov] x8 ,yet ! excitem5t is probably only artificial2 /ill x has an aim4 ,! exp]im5tal me?od is clamor\sly extoll$ = ! purpose ( cov]+ ) its au?ority sophisms de/ructive ( all philosophy & ( all sci5ce4 ,?is me?od is a great flag "u :i* all causes t are n sci5ce are %elt]$4 ,m4 ,c>o1 9 8 excell5t book1 ,mat]ialism & ,sci5ce1 has endeavor$ to dispel all confusion on ?is subject1 & to re-e/abli% facts & ! tru?4 ,positivism--:i* mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) positive sci5ce--tries to unite its de/9y ) t ( ! exp]im5tal me?od2 call+ itself ! necess>y fruit ( ! latt]1 ! sy/ematiz$ result ( a me?od :i* subjects all visible nature to man4 ,positivism concludes f ! premises t x has ! same c]ta9ty z ! exp]im5tal me?od4 #bcj ,m4 ,c>o1 ) a /rong h&1 upsets all su* pret5sions4 ,he demon/rates t1 if positivism has skilfully /ol5 ! "n & "s ( ! processes ( positive sci5ce1 ! exp]im5tal s*ool1 to :i* ! positive sci5ces owe s mu*1 owes no?+ to positivism4 ,tak+ = guide1 9 ! /udy ( ! exp]im5tal me?od1 "o ( ! savants :o und]/&s x be/1 & :o1 aft] practis+ x successfully1 has expos$ its precepts ) incomp>able au?ority1 ,m4 ,c>o proves t ?is me?od is n b\nd by ! tyranny ( positivism4 ,no?+ is less evid5t to my eyes1 he writes1 ?an ! agreem5t ( ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d's mann] ( ?9k+ ) c]ta9 ess5tial pr9ciples ( positivism4 ,8 indep5d5ce is cle>ly manife/$ especially 9 reg>d to two po9ts3 ,fir/ly1 9 opposition to ! _s ( ! positive doctr9e1 he gives place to ! idea a priori 9 ! con/itution ( sci5ce4 ,secondly1 contr>y to "o ( ! mo/ decid$ dogmas ( ! positivi/ s*ool1 he leaves a great _m op5 que/ions1 & ?us all[s 8 read]s to rev]t to metaphysical conceptions = _! solution4 ,9 ! ?\ght ( ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d1 ! a priori elem5t loses all absolute s5se & becomes a purely relative & accid5tal fact4 ,x has no long] any ( ^? et]nal =ms ( ! und]/&+1 ( ^? necess>y conceptions ?r\gh ! aid ( :i* ! human m9d sees & judges ! ?+s ( nature1 cont+5t facts1 & ph5om5a :i* happ5 be=e our eyes4 ,x is n t p[]1 obscure yet admirable reflection ( ! div9e p[]1 :i* enables u to appreh5d ! immutable relations ( ?+s1 & e/abli%es sci5ce by compell+ u1 by an irresi/ible attraction1 to seek 9 _! cause ! reason ( ph5om5a4 ,no2 ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d does n rise directly to t alliance ( ! inf9ite & f9ite1 ( cause & effect1 :i* takes place 9 ! active dep?s ( ! human m9d4 ,to ?is great exp]im5tali/ ! idea a priori is reveal$ only 9 face ( exp]i5ce2 x is an in/9ct1 a sudd5 illum9ation :i* /rikes & seizes ! m9d1 :5 ! s5ses act & p]ceive1 z impassible & mute witnesses4 ,its app>ition is entirely spontane\s & individual4 ,x is a p>ticul> s5tim5t1 a quid proprium1 :i* con/itutes ! orig9ality1 ! inv5tion1 & g5ius ( e man4 ,x happ5s t a fact--t an obs]vation--rema9s = a long "t be=e ! eyes ( a savant )\t inspir+ him ) any?+1 :5 sudd5ly a ray ( light fla%es on him4 ,! new idea appe>s !n ) ! rapidity ( lightn+1 z a sort ( sudd5 revelation4 ,?is fla%1 ?is ray ( light1 is well kn[n to m$ical tradition1 & (t5 call$ tact1 s5se1 & m$ical skill4 ,^! expressions w exi/ not)/&+ ! d5ials ( a n>r[ sci5ce1 :i* ?9ks to ennoble itself by suppress+ art4 ,!re are physicians :o1 9 face ( ! obscure manife/ations ( a disease1 p]ceive1 ) a rapid & sure intuition1 ! hidd5 relations ( ! malady1 its nature buri$ 9 ! liv+ dep?s ( ! organization1 its future t5d5cies & probable solutions4 ,?is intuition has no?+ my/]i\s 9 x1 & is n ! play ( a caprici\s fancy2 x is ! fla% ( light1 ! new idea1 ! sudd5 revelation1 ( :i* ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d1 ! le>n$ savant & mo/ sev]e ( exp]im5tali/s1 writes4 ,?is1 !n1 is :at ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d calls ! idea a priori2 c]ta9ly he does n pret5d nor ?9k t he is writ+ metaphysics4 #bca ,nev]!less1 :5 we att5tively consid] x1 is n ?is idea a priori a species ( prolongation or consequ5ce ( ! necess>y ideas1 ! true ideas a priori1 ( ! human m9d8 ,is n ! idea a priori a p]ception ( a cause ?r\gh its effects2 at "o "t ! p]ception ( a cont+5t & p>ticul> cause2 & aga9 ! p]ception ( a cause 9 itself--( ! supreme1 necess>y1 & inf9ite cause8 ,does n ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d himself seem to admit metaphysical conceptions1 :51 aft] consid]+ ! spontaneity ( ! intellect "u a g5]al aspect1 he writes z foll[s1 ,x may be said t we h 9 ! m9d ! intuition or s5tim5t ( ! laws ( nature1 b we d n "k _! =m8 ,! exp]im5tal s*ool has n1 h[ev]1 det]m9$ ?is po9t ( doctr9e2 x has s confus$ly felt & express$ x t ! positivi/ s*ool c\ld n avoid refut+ ^? r vague aspirations1 & admit1 )\t d5y+ its own pr9ciples1 ^? so>+s ( ! und]/&+ 9 pres5ce ( facts4 ,b ! exp]im5tal s*ool1 ( :i* ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d is ! int]pret]1 puts itself 9 opposition to positivism4 ,he all[s ^? high tru?s :i* _c be demon/rat$ by s5sible ph5om5a to h "s place 9 sci5ce4 ,he tells u t true sci5ce suppresses no?+1 b always seeks & consid]s1 )\t be+ tr\bl$1 ^? ?+s :i* x does n und]/&4 ,d5y ^? ?+s1 says ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d1 & y d n suppress !m2 y %ut y\r eyes & imag9e t !re is no light4 ,positivism c\ld n be m =mally condemn$ by positive sci5ce4 ,w x be pret5d$ t1 al?\gh ! exp]im5tal s*ool accepts ! ord] ( metaphysical tru?s1 x rejects1 !m disda9fully :5 !re is "q ( ! natural sci5ces2 & t ?us reject$ by sci5ce !y _c be c\nt$ among ! s]i\s k ( humanity8 ,no?+ c\ld be m unju/ ?an su* a condemnation2 = no?+ proves t !re is n ano!r k besides t ( exp]i5ce4 ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d discov]s1 ev5 9 ! ord] ( biological tru?s1 capital tru?s :i* are n at all exp]im5tal1 susceptible ( a real det]m9ism1 to use ! expression ( :i* he is s fond4 ,:5 he tries to def9e life by us+ a ^w :i* expresses exactly ! idea1 he calls x creation4 ,9 e liv+ g]m he admits a creat+ idea1 :i* is develop$ by organization1 & is d]iv$ nei!r f *emi/ry nor physical nature4 ,9 f9e1 ! exp]im5tal s*ool1 su* z tradition pres5ts x to u & its able/ exp\nd]s tea* x1 mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) positivism1 :i* tries to /eal its "n & flag4 ,! exp]im5tal s*ool1 heal?y & fruitful1 gives to metaphysical tru?s _! legitimate influ5ce1 _! sup]ior & imp]i%able sight1 & does n suppress !m by a viol5t & arbitr>y decision4 ,especially1 x does n resolve difficulties by d5y+ all o!r causes & activity ?an :at is purely mat]ial4 ,! exp]im5tal s*ool is n fatally mat]ialism4 ,mat]ialism is ! legitimate consequ5ce ( positivism4 ,! positivi/ sect1 at ! beg9n+ ( its c>e]1 pret5d$ to take hold ( mat]ialism ) a sup]b indiff]5ce & dogmatic insol5ce1 9 pres5ce ( ^? et]nal problems :i*1 to ! honor ( humanity1 h always puzzl$ & torm5t$ x4 ,b x is easy to %[ t mo/ ( ! def9itions & tea*+ ( positivi/ philosophy correspond ) ! mat]iali/ dogmas1 f :i* positivism pret5d$ to hold itself alo(4 #bcb ,h[ c\ld x be o!rwise8 ,^? supreme que/ions & _! answ]s are n isolat$ facts1 di/9ct f our p>ticul> k1 reg>d+ ! ?+s ( ?is _w4 ,!y p5etrate necess>ily into all our cognitions2 become inc>nate & visible "u ! =m ( all ! p>ticul> exi/5ces :i* we analyze4 ,we _c give ! "* ( "o ( ^? exi/5ces1 )\t ?is def9ite "* imply+ a correspond+ solution ( ! prim>y tru?s1 :i* 7 suppos$ to be entirely =gott54 ,all ! special sci5ce ( positivism is id5tical ) mat]iali/ic int]pretation2 & "o w\ld h wi%$ t ! human m9d _h n tri$ to asc5d f ^! special sci5ces to g5]al & prim>y sci5ce & expla9 x l !m4 ,0 ?is possible8 ,no2 & h5ce illusion is no long] possible4 ,positivism has logically t]m9at$ 9 mat]ialism4 ,to demon/rate ?is inevitable fusion1 ,m4 ,c>o exam9es "o ( ! absolute precepts ( positivism1 namely1 ! subjection ( psy*ology to c]ebral physiology4 ,he proves t ?is subjection is only an indirect me?od ( resolv+ bo? psy*ology & c]ebral physiology by mat]ialism4 ,/u>t ,mill has be5 reject$ by ! positivi/s = n hav+ foll[$ ! f\nd] ( ! positivi/ s*ool1 resum$ 9 ! pr9ciple t !re is no psy*ology outside ( biology4 ,psy*ology1 we are told1 writes ,m4 ,c>o1 is id5tical ) biology2 faculties1 consci\sness :i* obs]ves !m1 att5tion :i* analyzes !m1 &1 ?anks to memory1 classes !m2 all ^! are 9 ! dep5d5ce ( ! organs on ea* o!r4 ,?is dep5d5ce is call$ by a v expressive ^w3 ! affective & intellectual faculties become1 9 positivi/ language1 ! c]ebral faculties4 ,! re/ foll[s4 ,we are assur$ t !re is id5tity betwe5 ^? two relations3 ! intellectual & moral manife/ations are to ! n]v\s sub/ance :at weight is to matt]1 t is to say1 an irr$ucible ph5om5on1 :i* 9 ! actual /ate ( our k is its own explanation4 ',j z ! physician obs]ves t matt] is heavy1 s ! physiologi/ proves t ! n]v\s sub/ance ?9ks1 )\t ei!r ( !m be+ able to expla9 :y ! "o is heavy & ! o!r ?9ks4' ,footnote #ajg ,footnote #ajg3 ,m4 ,littr1 prface au livre intitul ,matrialisme et ,spiritualisme4 ,let x be s1 cont9ues ,m4 ,c>o2 yet :i* ( ! mat]iali/s has ev] pret5d$ to expla9 :y ! n]v\s sub/ance ?9ks8 ,!y m]ely atte/ ! exi/5ce ( ! fact4 ,! real "q is to "k if x is ! n]v\s sub/ance :i* ?9ks1 & if x c ?9k4 ,to affirm t x ?9ks is to close ! "q4 ,i take z witness ,m4 ,moles*ott1 ^: tea*+ is n d\btful1 & :i* has be5 publi%$ ) applause4 ,:at does he say 9 a disc\rse rec5tly deliv]$ at ,zuri*8 ',! id5tification ( _s & matt] is n an explanation2 x is a fact1 nei!r m nor less simple1 m nor less my/]i\s1 ?an any o!r fact2 x is a fact l weight4 ,no "o assur$ly pret5ds to expla9 gravitation by means ( di/9ctions betwe5 x & matt]4' ,is !re1 ,i ask1 an appreciable diff]5ce on ?is "q betwe5 ! language ( ! pres5t *ief ( ! positivi/s & t ( ! mo/ decid$ positivi/s8 ,a j\rnal1 devot$ to ! def5ce & propagation ( sci5tific mat]ialism1 ,la ,p5se ,n\velle1 proclaim$ ! same doctr9e3 ,! positivi/ s*ool is a sect :i* proce$s f mat]ialism2 x has no value or aim except ?r\gh mat]ialism4 #bcc ,,ii4 ,mat]ialism absorbs1 !re=e1 ! positivi/ s*ool4 ,x tries to resolve ! important que/ions reg>d+ ! orig9 & end ( man4 ,x does n proscribe metaphysics on ! pret5ce t x wi%es to "k ! et]nal unkn[n1 & approa* ! inaccessible4 ,x admits nei!r unkn[n nor inaccessible4 ,x sub/itutes = ! prim>y causes ( metaphysics1 consid]$ z pure *im]as1 o!r causes ! reality ( :i* x pret5ds to prove4 ,?is is a bold b frank attitude1 & pref]able 9 e respect to ! con/ra9$ position ( positivism4 ,h[ has mat]ialism tri$ to solve ! que/ions x proposes8 ,x _c appeal to pure reason or to ! reveal+ faculties ( ! human und]/&+1 affirm+ or d5y+ ,god z prim>y cause ( exi/5ces1 & ! s\l z second>y cause ( ! human p]son4 ,:]e w\ld be ! au?ority ( mat]ialism if its process ( demon/ration1 if its me?ods 7 n sep>at$ f ! process & me?ods ( traditional spiritualism8 ,! latt] _c be conqu]$ on its own gr\nd2 x w\ld always f9d !re ! height ( its moral inspirations1 & ! p[] ( its demon/rations4 ,mat]ialism has felt ?is1 & pret5ds to repudiate bo? ! me?ods & ! doctr9es ( ! old metaphysics4 ,in/ead ( ask+ ! und]/&+ = imag9>y means ( demon/ration1 x proclaims its adh]5ce to infallible exp]i5ce1 its belief 9 ! s5ses alone1 & ! analysis ( s5sations4 ,j l positivism1 x calls itself ! imm$iate production ( ! exp]im5tal me?od1 & attributes to itself ! c]titude :i* belongs to ! positive & exp]im5tal sci5ces4 ,! old d\bt %\ld ?us be dissipat$1 & man w\ld enjoy ! full brightness ( ?is univ]se1 ^: secrets w\ld no long] be r$\btable1 & ^: et]nal & necess>y laws w\ld be oppos$ to all idea ( a high] orig91 & gov]nm5t regulat$ by any ext]ior w4 ,b let u leave aside = a mom5t ! exam9ation ( ^? sad illusions & pa/ solutions & ! "p :i* exp]i5ce has 9 !m4 ,let u consid] at fir/1 f ! /&-po9t ( me?od alone1 ^? problems ( orig9 :i* mat]ialism pret5ds to resolve4 ,h[ are ^? problems capable ( be+ solv$ by ! exp]im5tal me?od8 ,su* is ! true "q1 & x is ?is "o ! /udy ( :i* completes ! beautiful book ( ,m4 ,c>o4 ,we %all n be oppos$1 says ! eloqu5t au?or ( ! ,ide de ,dieu1 by any unprejudic$ savant1 :5 we ass]t t1 9 ! actual /ate ( sci5ce1 no positivi/ dogma au?orizes conclusions l ^? ( mat]ialism on ! problem ( ! orig9 & ends ( be+s1 on t ( sub/ances & causes2 t to give exact k on ^! po9ts is contr>y to ! idea ( exp]im5tal sci5ce2 t ?is sci5ce gives u ! actual1 ! pres5t1 ! fact1 n ! beg9n+ ( ?+s2 at mo/1 ! imm$iate h[1 ! proximate conditions ( be+s1 & nev] _! remote causes2 f9ally1 t f ! mom5t mat]ialism becomes an express & doctr9al negation ( metaphysics1 x becomes itself ano!r metaphysics2 x falls imm$iately "u ! control ( pure reason1 :i* may be freely us$ to criticise its hypo!ses1 z x uses !m itself to e/abli% !m & b9d !m toge!r4 ,?is a priori dogmatism imposes itself z a necessity on mat]ialism1 & de/roys ! exp]im5tal "* :i* x loves4 #bcd ,! le>n$1 devot$ to ! wor%ip ( positive sci5ce1 are oblig$ to admit ?is1 & ,m4 ,c>o cites1 on ?is po9t1 ! preci\s admission ( an illu/ri\s savant1 ,m4 ,vir*[1 :om ! mat]iali/s claim z "o ( !mselves4 ,no "o1 aft] all1 says ,m4 ,vir*[1 kn[s :at 0 be=e :at is4 444 ,sci5ce has no?+ b ! _w :i* exi/s4 444 ,mat]ialism is a t5d5cy to expla9 all t exi/s1 or has be5 creat$1 by ! prop]ties ( matt]4 ,mat]ialism goes beyond exp]i5ce2 x makes itself a sy/em4 ,b sy/ems are m ! result ( speculation ?an ( exp]i5ce4 ,!y prove 9 u a c]ta9 want ( p]fection :i* speculation alone c satisfy2 = all k :i* is ! result ( exp]i5ce is incomplete & defective4 ,x is n a metaphysician :o speaks ?us2 x is a savant1 :o1 9 ,g]many1 ranks at ! head ( exp]im5tal biology1 :o leans to mat]ialism1 & admits1 nev]!less1 t mat]ialism has no o!r root ?an an undemon/rable a priori2 consequ5tly ,m4 ,c>o has ! "r ) ironical good s5se to draw ^! conclusions3 ,until mat]ialism leaves t vici\s circle :i* logic traces ar\nd its fundam5tal conception2 until x succe$s 9 prov+ exp]im5tally t t :i* is has always be5 z x is 9 ! actual =m ( ! recogniz$ ord] ( ph5om5a2 s long z x _c /rip ^? que/ions ( _! ess5tially transc5d5tal "*1 & subject its negative solutions to a v]ification ( :i* ! idea alone is contradictory2 until !n--& we h good reason to ?9k t p]iod f> di/ant--mat]ialism w keep ! common condition ( e demon/ration t _c be v]ifi$4 ,x may reason1 aft] a fa%ion1 on ! impossibility ( conceiv+ a beg9n+ to ! sy/em ( ?+s1 to ! exi/5ce ( matt] & its prop]ties1 b x w prove no?+ exp]im5tally1 :i* is1 accord+ to its pr9ciples1 ! only way ( prov+ any?+2 x w speculate1 :i* is v humiliat+ = ^? :o despise speculation2 x w recomm5ce a sy/em ( metaphysics1 :i* is ! greate/ disgrace = ^? :o pr(ess to despise metaphysics4 ,we are cont9ually reproa*$ ) ! a priori "* ( our solutions conc]n+ fir/ causes4 ,mat]ialism mu/ necess>ily accept its %>e ( ! blame1 no matt] h[ full x may be ( illusions reg>d+ its sci5tific be>+ & value1 no matt] h[ intoxicat$ ) ! conque/ ( positive sci5ce ) :i* x essays 9 va9 to id5tify its =tune & "r4 ,we h j se51 ) ,m4 ,c>o1 :e!r mat]ialism c call itself ! fai?ful repres5tation & direct product ( ! exp]im5tal me?od4 ,m4 ,janet1 9 "o ( ^? little volumes1 ,le ,matrialisme ,contempora91 de/9$ to a happy popul>ity1 & 9 :i* high reason & good sci5ce are made cle> & simple to conv9ce bett]1 %[s u :at is ! value ( ! solutions propos$1 ev5 n[adays1 by mat]ialism4 ,! two works ( ,,mm4 ,c>o & ,janet ?us complete ea* o!r3 ! "o discusses ! "q ( me?ods1 & judges mat]ialism 9 face ( its own "w1 & sy/ematic developm5t2 ! o!r asks x1 aft] its labors1 :i!r ! me?od x has us$ has l$ x1 & int]rogates x on ^? que/ions ( orig9 & end :i* x treats & s boldly resolves4 #bce ,,iii4 ,mat]ialism has two gr& problems to solve3 matt] & life4 ,no "o w\ld hesitate to say t ! fir/ ( ^! is )9 its scope1 & ! solution easy = x4 ,:at %\ld be bett] able to tea* u :at matt] is ?an a sy/em :i* recognizes no?+ b matt]8 ,has matt] 9 itself ! reason ( its exi/5ce1 ! reason especially ( ! motion :i* impels & moves x1 causes all its *anges1 & :at seems n[ to be ! only orig9 ( all its prop]ties & ( all its manife/ations8 ,m4 ,janet1 9 a *apt] p>ticul>ly orig9al1 ,la ,matire et le ,m\vem5t1 demon/rates t matt] _c pres5t ! conditions ( absolute exi/5ce :i* are necess>y to x if we admit no?+ above x4 ,mat]ialism1 in/ead ( arriv+ at a sub/antial & fre$ matt]1 has no?+ ev] be=e x b an intangible unkn[n4 ,to f9d no?+ = basis ( its affirmations b ! unkn[n1 & pret5d on ?is basis to build a philosophical belief1 seat ! de/9ies ( humanity on ! unkn[n1 is an outrage on reason & good s5se4 ,:at a *im]ical ent]prise6 ,:at w\ld signify1 ,i ask1 writes ,m4 ,janet1 ! pret5sions ( mat]ialism 9 a sy/em 9 :i* "o w\ld be oblig$ to confess t matt] is r$uc$ to a pr9ciple absolutely unkn[n8 ,is x n ! same to say t matt] is ! pr9ciple ( all ?+s1 9 ?is hypo!sis2 & to ass]t t x1 t is1 any unkn[n quantity1 is ! pr9ciple ( all ?+s8 ,x w\ld be z if "o %\ld say1 ',i d n "k :at is ! pr9ciple ( ?+s4' ,:at a lum9\s mat]ialism ?is is6 ,b let u leave pure matt] aside2 al?\gh x t\*es & b\nds u on e side1 x does n seem to conta9 ! peculi> secret ( our orig9s & de/9ies4 ,let u g fur!r & int]rogate mat]ialism reg>d+ life & liv+ be+s1 among :i* we are c\nt$1 & ! /udy ( :i* p5etrates s deeply into our own life4 ,mat]ialism pret5ds to expla9 ! my/]i\s orig9 & fir/ appe>ance ( life2 & imag9es t x c e/abli% by exp]i5ce ! conditions & cause ( ! =mation ( simple & rudim5t>y organizations4 ,! !ory ( spontane\s g5]ation answ]s ^! exp]im5tal conditions1 & is ! proximate & suffici5t cause ( ! exi/5ce ( life4 ,hav+ obta9$ ^? prim>y organic =ms1 mat]ialism expla9s ! imm5se multiplicity ( liv+ species by ! gradual trans=mation ( ! rudim5t>y organic =ms1 produc$ by spontane\s g5]ation2 a trans=mation effect$ by natural conditions4 ,spontane\s g5]ation is consequ5tly a prim>y !sis ( mat]ialism4 ,we see1 says ,lucretius1 liv+ worms come out ( fetid matt] :51 hav+ be5 moi/5$ by ! ra91 x has rea*$ a suffici5t degree ( putrefaction4 ,! elem5ts put 9 motion & into new relations produce animals4 ,! :ole !ory & all ! errors ( spontane\s g5]ation are conta9$ 9 ^! phrases4 ,! progress ( ! natural sci5ces gradually ext+ui%$ ! belief 9 spontane\s g5]ation4 ,9 proportion z sci5ce /udi$ ?is pret5d$ g5]ation x disappe>$1 & ance/ral g5]ation became evid5t4 ,m4 ,p\*et has reawak5$ ! discussion ( ! "q by transport+ x into ! /udy ( ^? lives ( only an in/ant 9 duration1 :i* ! imm5se multitude ( animalcula pres5ts4 ,^? lives1 /ill s little kn[n & s h>d to obs]ve 9 _! rapid evolution1 (f]$ a favorable field = confusion1 premature ass]tion1 & arbitr>y sy/ems4 ,to affirm _! spontane\s g5]ation1 or demon/rate _! g5]ation by g]ms deta*$ f inf9itely small organizations 9 _! complete developm5t1 0 a task equally obscure & app>5tly imp5etrable to exp]im5tation4 #bcf ,! "o !ory 0 oppos$ to all ! kn[n laws ( life1 :ile ! o!r 0 9 con=mity ) ^? laws4 ,x seem$1 !re=e1 t unless demon/rat$ by all ! =ce ( evid5ce1 ! spontane\s g5]ation ( animalcula %\ld f9d no legitimate place 9 sci5ce4 ,b n only 0 evid5ce always want+1 b ?anks to ! wond]ful ability display$ by ,m4 ,pa/eur2 ?anks to ! beauty1 precision1 cle>ness1 & v>iety ( ! exp]im5ts p]=m$ by him2 ?anks to ! p5etrat+ sagacity ) :i* he has expos$ ! defects ( ! contr>y exp]im5ts ( ,m4 ,p\*et & ,m4 ,jolly1 all ! evid5ce is 9 favor ( ance/ral g5]ation2 & ! ,academy ( ,sci5ce1 s prud5t & ord9>ily s res]v$ 9 its judgm5ts1 has n hesitat$ to pron\nce op5ly 9 ?is s5se4 ,let u he> ! em95t ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d1 judg+ spontane\s g5]ation2 ev5 t :i*1 n d>+ to ma9ta9 ! complete g5]ation ( ! be+1 s\ght refuge 9 ! spontane\s g5]ation ( ! ovulum or g]m1 :i* be+ evolv$ produc$ ! entire be+3 ,t g5]ation1 says ,m4 ,cl4 ,b]n>d1 :i* gov]ns ! organic creation ( liv+ be+s has be5 ju/ly reg>d$ z ! mo/ my/]i\s function ( physiology4 ,x has be5 always obs]v$ t !re is a filiation among liv+ be+s1 & t ! greate/ numb] ( !m proce$ visibly f p>5ts4 ,nev]!less !re are cases 9 :i* ?is filiation has n be5 app>5t1 & !n "s h admitt$ spontane\s g5]ation1 t is1 production )\t p>5tage4 ,?is "q1 already v old1 has be5 inve/igat$ 9 rec5t times & subject$ to new /udy4 ,9 ,france1 _m savants h reject$ ! !ory ( spontane\s g5]ation1 p>ticul>ly ,m4 ,p\*et1 :o def5d$ ! !ory ( spontane\s ovulation4 ,m4 ,p\*et wi%$ to prove t !re 0 no spontane\s g5]ation ( ! adult be+1 b ( its egg or g]m4 ,?is view seems to me altoge!r inadmissible ev5 z a hypo!sis4 ,i consid]1 9 fact1 t ! egg repres5ts a sort ( organic =mula1 :i* resumes ! evolutive conditions ( a be+ det]m9$ by ! fact t x proce$s f ! egg4 ,! egg is egg only because x possesses a virtuality :i* has be5 giv5 to x by "o or sev]al ant]ior evolutions1 ! remembrance ( :i* x 9 "s sort pres]ves4 ,x is ?is orig9al direction1 :i* is only a p>5tage m or less remote1 :i* ,i reg>d z be+ incapable ( spontane\s manife/ation4 ,we mu/ h necess>ily a h]$it>y influ5ce4 ,i _c conceive t a cell =m$ spontane\sly & )\t ance/ry c h an evolution1 s9ce x has _h no prior /ate4 ,:atev] may be ?\ght ( ! hypo!sis1 ! exp]im5t on :i* ! pro(s ( spontane\s g5]ation re/$ 7 = ! mo/ "p defective4 ,m4 ,pa/eur has ! m]it ( hav+ cle>$ up ! problem ( spontane\s g5]ation1 by r$uc+ ! exp]im5ts to _! j value & arrang+ !m accord+ to sci5ce4 ,he has prov$ t ! air 0 ! vehicle ( a multitude ( g]ms ( liv+ be+s1 & he has %[n t x 0 necess>y be=e all to r$uce ! argum5t to precise & well-=m$ obs]vations4 ,9 ord] to express my ?\ght on ! subject ( spontane\s g5]ation1 ,i h only to repeat "h :at ,i h already said 9 a report :i* ,i h _h to make on ?is "q2 t is to say1 t 9 proportion z our means ( inve/igation become m p]fect1 x w be f\nd t ! cases ( suppos$ spontane\s g5]ation mu/ be necess>ily class$ ) ! cases ( ord9>y physiological g5]ation4 ,?is is :at ! works ( ,m4 ,balbiani & ( ,,mm4 ,co/e & ,g]be h rec5tly prov$ 9 ref]5ce to ! infusory animalcula4 #bcg ,^! latt] works1 especially ^? ( ,m4 ,balbiani1 ,footnote #ajh completely ov]turn ! basis ( ! doctr9e ( spontane\s g5]ation4 ,^? infusory animalcula :i* 7 suppos$ to be produc$ by a sil5t self-=mation are really produc$ by sexual g5]ation1 & ^? g]ms float+ 9 ! atmosph]e are real eggs1 ! lay+ ( :i* ,m4 ,balbiani discov]$4 ,footnote #ajh3 ,balbiani ,sur l',exi/5ce d'une ,reproduction sexuelle *ez les ,infusoires4 ,nev]!less1 spontane\s g5]ation has /ill "s decid$ p>tisans4 ,"s1 l ,messrs4 ,p\*et & ,jolly1 /ill believe ! !ory z savants4 ,! obs]vations :i* !y tru/$ 9 affirm+ spontane\s g5]ation or ovulation /ill pres]ve _! value = !m4 ,x is n easy to give up "o's ideas & works4 ,! *ildr5 ( our m9d are (t5 de>] to u ?an ! (fspr+ ( our blood4 ,x requires a species ( h]oism = a savant to immolate :at he has conceiv$ ) labor1 protect$ & def5d$ aga9/ all assail]s4 ,b besides ^! illusions & atta*m5ts :i* may be respect$1 int]e/$ passion arose & trans=m$ into aggression & viol5t qu>rel ! peaceful discussions ( sci5ce4 ,! ,orig9 ( ,life1 ,footnote #aji su* is ! title ( a rec5t publication on spontane\s g5]ation2 su* is ! problem :i* ^? :o n[adays ma9ta9 a cause sci5tifically lo/ pret5d to resolve4 ,footnote #aji3 ,l',orig9e de la ,vie3 ,hi/oire de la ,"q des ,gnrations spontanes4 ,p> le docteur ,george ,p5neti]1 avec une prface p> le docteur ,p\*et4 ,! orig9 ( life6 ,obs]ve ! g5]al mean+ ( ! t]ms2 !re is "q ( life 9 itself1 ( ! ess5ce ( all liv+ be+s4 ,human life is a p>ticul> case ( ?is g5]al problem2 ! solution ( bo? is ! same4 ,beh9d ! animalcula & _! spontane\s app>ition is man4 ,! high] orig91 ! high aspirations1 ! pr$e/9$ end ( :i* man ?\ght he _h ! "r to feel pr\d--all ^! vani% l va9 dreams & puffs ( pride 9 pres5ce ( ! orig9 ( prim>y life ?r\gh ! en]gy ( matt] alone4 ,x alone is ! true creator1 ! only cause1 & x alone conta9s our end2 beyond x !re is no?+2 sci5ce %[s x1 at lea/ t sci5ce :i* places spontane\s g5]ation at ! top ( its conceptions4 ,! importance ( ! consequ5ces expla9s ! reason :y ! p>tisans ( mat]ialism h be5 s ard5t 9 def5ce ( _! pr9ciples4 ,if a simple problem ( *emi/ry _h no m pro(s 9 its favor ?an ! !ory ( spontane\s g5]ation1 no savant wor?y ( ! "n w\ld h ma9ta9$ x or f\nd$ on s fragile a basis a multitude ( sci5tific d$uctions4 ,b !re 0 "q ( ! ord] & con/itution ( ! _w1 ( ! reason1 ( ! be+ ( e creature1 & h5ce ! pro(s seem$ good & suffici5t to a mat]ialism :i* calls itself sci5tific & exp]im5tal4 ,an aggressive polemic repres5t$ ev5 z enemies ( progress1 z retrograde spirits1 all ^? :o reject$ errors to :i* too easy a popul>ity _h be5 giv54 #bch ,,iv4 ,spontane\s g5]ation gave mat]ialism a po9t ( dep>ture at once ra% & weak2 bold if "o look$ beh9d1 almo/ mis]able if "o look$ ahead6 ,:at ef=ts to draw out ( "s rudim5t>y animalcula ! regul> developm5t ( ! :ole animal k+dom1 man includ$--t be+ :o ?9ks & wills1 :o is consci\s ( its acts & lib]ty1 :o possesses ! notion ( good & evil1 :o aspires aft] ! true & ! beautiful1 :o feels himself z cause & admits o!r causes 9 nature6 ,h[ c ! abyss :i* sep>ates ^? two extremities ( liv+ creation be bridg$8 ,:at omnipot5ce w be able to produce f ^! infusoria ! prodigi\s numb]1 ! inf9ite v>iety ( ^? animat$ be+s1 all ^? liv+ species :i*1 no matt] h[ pr(\ndly or h[ f> ! _w may be inve/igat$1 are almo/ l ea* o!r1 z x 7 immutable 9 _! precipitate succession1 /ation>y ev5 9 motion6 ,! same sci5ce :i* affirm$ spontane\s g5]ation has n balk$ be=e ?is ent]prise1 & x has pret5d$ to prove ! hidd5 me*anism :i*1 f ! egg spontane\sly laid1 produces ! fe>ful imm5sity ( animate =ms6 ,!re h be5 f\nd naturali/s1 em95t savants 9 o!r respects & possess+ great au?ority1 l ,lam>ck & ,d>w91 :o h imag9$ t !y discov]$ ! laws ( ! trans=mation ( species4 ,m4 ,paul ,janet1 9 ! book :i* we cit$ above1 has made a %>p & se>*+ criticism ( ! !ories ( ,lam>ck & ,d>w94 ,he asks1 9 ! fir/ place1 9 :at ! hypo!sis ( a plan & ( a design ( nature1 o!rwise call$ ! doctr9e ( f9al causes1 w\ld be contr>y to ! _s ( sci5ce4 ,we mu/ n und]take ph5om5al analysis ) ! prem$itat$ design ( f9d+ ! ph5om5a con=mable to an object decre$ 9 advance2 ?is preconceiv$ object %\ld nev] take ! place ( reason & be ! explanation ( ! facts obs]v$2 su* a mann] ( proce$+ is h>dly sci5tific1 & leads fatally to arbitr>y & errone\s conceptions4 ,b does x foll[ t ! facts obs]v$ & analyz$ 9 !mselves %\ld n1 by _! collection & connection1 express to ! human intellig5ce a sup]ior design1 a progressive & asc5d+ h>mony1 :i* are its f9al reason & vivify+ _s8 ,to refuse 9 advance e f9al cause is an error simil> to t ( imag9+ x altoge!r & be=e ! obs]vation ( ! ph5om5a4 ,fl\r5s has well said3 ,we mu/ proce$ n f ! f9al causes to ! facts1 b f ! facts to ! f9al causes4 ,^! are ! fruitful pr9ciples1 & ?is is true natural philosophy4 ,! naturali/s1 says ,m4 ,janet1 imag9e t !y h de/roy$ f9al causes 9 nature :5 !y h prov$ t c]ta9 effects result necess>ily f c]ta9 giv5 causes4 ,! discov]y ( effici5t causes appe>s to !m a decisive argum5t aga9/ ! exi/5ce ( f9al causes4 ,we mu/ n say1 accord+ to !m1 t ! bird has w+s = ! purpose ( fly+1 b t x flies because x has w+s4 ,b 9 :at1 pray1 are ^! two propositions contradictory8 ,suppos+ t ! bird has w+s to fly1 mu/ n its flight be ! result ( ! /ructure ( its w+s8 ,& f ! fact t ! flight is a result1 we h n ! "r to conclude t x is n an end4 ,9 ord]1 !n1 t y\r mat]iali/s %\ld recognize an aim & a *oice1 mu/ !re be 9 nature effects )\t a cause1 or effects disproportion$ to _! causes8 ,f9al causes are n miracles2 to obta9 a c]ta9 end ! au?or ( ?+s mu/ *oose second>y causes precisely adapt$ to ! int5d$ effect4 #bci ,consequ5tly1 :at is !re a/oni%+ 9 ! fact t 9 ! /udy ( ^? causes y %\ld be able to d$uce me*anically f !m _! effects8 ,! contr>y w\ld be impossible & absurd4 ,?us1 expla9 to u z mu* z y please t1 a w+ be+ giv51 ! bird mu/ fly2 t does n at all prove t ! w+s 7 n giv5 to x = ! purpose ( fly+4 ,9 good fai? we ask1 ,if ! au?or ( nature will$ t birds %\ld fly1 :at c\ld he d bett] ?an give !m w+s = t object8 ,! demon/ration ( ! reality ( f9al causes1 & ( a decre$ & prem$itat$ plan 9 nature1 furni%es a prim>y & p[]ful refutation ( ! sy/ems :i* pret5d to expla9 ! successive =mation ( organiz$ be+s by ! sole action ( natural =ces1 act+ fatally1 petrify+1 modify+1 trans=m+ liv+ matt] 9 an unconsci\s & bl9d mann]4 ,lam>ck & ,d>w91 z we h said1 are ! two naturali/s :o h sub/itut$ mo/ successfully a fatal1 necess>y1 & 9 "s sort me*anical plan1 in/ead ( a prem$itat$ plan1 realiz$ by an intellig5t & spontane\s cause4 ,lam>ck appeal$ especially to ! action ( means1 habit1 & want4 ,! comb9$ action ( ^? ag5ts suffic$ to him to conclude f ! rudim5t>y cell to man himself4 ,! action ( means1 ext]ior conditions1 c modify ! =m & ! functions ( liv+ be+s2 ?is is a fact ( :i* ! dome/ication ( animals (f]s ! mo/ /rik+ examples4 ,b does x foll[ t because we c modify c]ta9 animal & vegetable species1 we c !re=e create _! species8 ,c we imag9e ! possibility ( modifications s active & p[]ful t !y arrive at ! mo/ complex creations1 at ! con/ruction ( ! great organs ( animal life1 & ( ^? organs ( ! s5ses1 s div]se & s m>vell\sly adapt$ to _! functions8 ,= in/ance1 says ,m4 ,janet1 c]ta9 animals brea! ?r\gh _! lungs1 & o!rs by ! bron*ial tubes1 & ^! two k9ds ( organs are p]fectly adapt$ to ! two means ( air & wat]4 ,h[ c we conceive t ^! two means %\ld be able to produce s complicat$ & s suitable organizations8 ,is !re a s+le fact among all ^? prov$ by sci5ce :i* c\ld ju/ify s great an ext5sion ( ! action ( means8 ,if x is said t by means we mu/ n und]/& m]ely ! elem5t 9 :i* ! animal lives1 b e k9d ( ext]ior circum/ance1 !n1 ,i ask1 let ! mat]iali/s det]m9e :at is precisely ! circum/ance :i* has caus$ su* an organ to take ! =m ( ! lung1 & su* ano!r to take ! =m ( ! bron*ia2 :at is ! precise cause :i* has creat$ ! he>t--t hydraulic ma*9e s p[]ful & s easy1 & ^: movem5ts are s indu/ri\sly comb9$ to receive ! blood :i* comes f all ! organs to ! he>t & s5d x back ?r\gh ! ve9s2 :at is ! cause1 f9ally1 :i* b9ds all ^! organs toge!r & makes ! liv+ be+1 accord+ to ! expression ( ,cuvi]1 a clos$ sy/em1 all ( ^: p>ts concur to a common action by a reciprocal reaction8 ,:at w x be if we pass to ! organs ( s5se2 to ! mo/ m>vell\s ( !m1 ! eye ( man or t ( ! eagle8 ,is !re "o ( ^? savants :o h no sy/em :o w\ld d>e to ma9ta9 t he sees 9 any way h[ light c\ld produce by its action ! organ :i* is appropriat$ to x8 ,or1 if x is n light1 :at is ! ext]ior ag5t suffici5tly p[]ful1 suffici5tly +5i\s1 suffici5tly skill$ 9 geometry1 to con/ruct t m>vell\s app>atus :i* has made ,newton say3 ,c he t made ! eye be ignorant ( ! laws ( optics8 #bdj ,rem>kable expression1 :i*1 com+ f s great a ma/]1 %\ld make ! =g]s ( sy/ems ( cosmogony reflect an in/ant1 no matt] h[ le>n$ly !y may dilate on ! orig9 ( planets1 & :o pass ) s mu* complac5cy ov] ! orig9 ( consci5ce & life6 ,if ! action ( means is incapable by itself ( expla9+ ! =mation ( organs & ! production ( species--:at ,lam>ck calls ! p[] ( life1 namely1 habit & want--h[ c !y give u ! suffici5t reason = ^? great facts8 ,accord+ to ,lam>ck1 necessity produces organs1 habit develops & =tifies !m4 ,b :at is ?is necessity & ?is habit :i* are appeal$ to s complac5tly1 & :o proves _! /range p[]8 ,let u take ! necessity ( brea?+1 ( :i* ,m4 ,janet wrote z we h quot$4 ,:5ce comes ?is necessity8 ,f ! necessity ( giv+ to ! blood ! oxyg5 :i* is necess>y = x2 & ?is latt] necessity is d]iv$ f ! necessity ( keep+ up ! organic combu/ion1 & furni%+ ! n]v\s sy/em ) an appropriate /imulant4 ,:o does n see t !re is "h a connection ( functions & organs :i* requires a simultane\s creation1 :i* displays a preconceiv$ plan1 & n a successive gr[? ( organs accord+ to wants :i* f9d 9 ea* o!r ! pr9ciple ( _! be+1 & :i* _c be p]ceiv$ & satisfi$ sep>ately8 ,:at unhe>d-( ab]ration1 :at decad5ce ( ! sci5tific _s1 to trans=m necessity into a sort ( effective & creative p[]2 to make ( a s5tim5t1 ord9>ily vague & obscure1 a new & active entity1 :i* n only animates ! creat$ be+1 b actually creates x6 ,lam>ck1 x is true1 admits t obs]vation _c demon/rate ! produc+ p[] :i* he attributes to want2 b if a direct pro( is want+1 he consid]s an indirect pro( suffici5t by appeal+ to cu/om4 ,:at does he mean8 ,habit c develop & =tify exi/+ organs by an appropriate & su/a9$ ex]cise2 b h[ does t prove t want c create !m8 ,h[ c habit develop an organ :i* does n exi/8 ,h[ c ! developm5t ( an organ be comp>$ to ! creation ( ?is organ1 or make u realize ! mode ( creation ( ! organ8 ,we c conceive want z ! reason n ( ! creation b ( ! developm5t ( an organ1 & habit z excit$ & su/a9$ by ?is ne$2 b ! ne$ ( an organ :i* is absolutely want+ _c be born ( itself1 _c produce ! organ1 _c excite habit4 ,h[ c an animal depriv$ ( e organ ( see+ or he>+ exp]i5ce ! want ( sight or he>+1 or acquire ! habit ( ei!r8 ,:at *im]ical hypo!ses6 ,let u hold to ! judgm5t ( ,cuvi] on all ^! hypo!ses1 ^: au?ority is v great3 ,"s naturali/s1 m mat]ial 9 _! ideas1 & rely+ on ! philosophical obs]vations ( :i* we h j spok51 h rema9$ humble foll[]s ( ,maillet1 7,talliam$17 ,footnote #aaj see+ t ! great] or less use ( a memb] increases or dim9i%es its =ce & volume1 h imag9$ t habits & ext]ior influ5ces1 cont9u$ = a long "t1 c\ld *ange by degrees ! =ms ( animals s z to make !m atta9 successively all ^? %apes :i* ! diff]5t species ( animals n[ h4 #bda ,no m sup]ficial & fooli% idea c\ld be imag9$4 ,organiz$ bodies are consid]$ z a m]e mass ( pa/e or clay1 :i* c\ld be m\ld$ by ! f+]s4 ,consequ5tly1 ! mom5t ^! au?ors wi% to ent] into detail1 !y fall into absurdities4 ,:oev] d>es to advance s]i\sly t a fi% by keep+ on dry l& c\ld *ange its scales into fea!rs & become a bird1 or t a quadrup$ by pass+ ?r\gh n>r[ places w\ld become elongat$ l a ?read & trans=m$ into a s]p5t1 only proves 8 pr(\nd ignorance ( anatomy4 ,footnote #aaj3 ,b5oit de ,maillet 0 ! pr$ecessor ( ,lam>ck4 ,! =ms ( sci5tific error *ange rapidly2 only ! pr9ciple always rema9s4 ,b ?is pr9ciple requires to be clo!d f "t to "t 9 new g>m5ts1 :i* rejuv5ate & disguise x4 ,! sy/em ( ,lam>ck1 = a mom5t popul> on acc\nt ( ! philosophic ideas to :i* x gave support1 c\ld n ma9ta9 itself 9 la/+ honor 9 sci5ce4 ,x 0 z x 7 buri$ 9 deep oblivion1 :5 ,d>w9 und]took to awak5 x f its a%es by sub/itut+ = ! antiquat$ conceptions new ones1 de/9$ to give a simil> satisfaction to ! passions :i* _h applaud$ ! ent]prise ( ,lam>ck4 ,! "w ( ,d>w9--we mu/ d him ! ju/ice to say x--is an important "w1 & displays r>e sci5ce4 ,! au?or1 gift$ ) great p5etration1 employs to ! greate/ advantage :at he kn[s to d$uce f x :at he does n "k2 & if he goes beyond exp]i5ce1 x is always 9 appeal+ to exp]i5ce2 s t he seems to rema9 fai?ful to obs]vation ev5 :5 he v5tures f> beyond its limits4 ,nev]!less s mu* sci5ce & sagacity c h>dly bl9d u to ! radical weakness ( ! sy/em2 & x w\ld n h met ) s favorable a reception if all ! prejudices ( ! mat]iali/s :om x satisfi$ _h n become its ard5t *ampions4 ,a fir/ fact /rikes "o :o /udies imp>tially ! !ory ( ,d>w91 namely1 ! incalculable disproportion betwe5 ! means ( demon/ration & ! imm5se problem to be resolv$4 ,!re is "q1 let x be rememb]$1 ( ! orig9 ( liv+ species4 ,d>w9 tries to expla9 ?is orig9 by ! action ( a natural selection1 incessantly at "w1 :i* draws ! collection ( organisms out ( "o or sev]al primitive1 simple1 & rudim5t>y types =m$ by ! simple action ( =ces prop] to matt]4 ,?is natural selection is ! image ( ! me?od accord+ to :i* new races ( dome/ic animals h be5 creat$1 z ! mod]n doctors ma9ta94 ,9 ord] t ?is1 natural selection %\ld produce ! p[]ful effects :i* ,d>w9 gives to x1 he imag9es two ag5ts always active--*anges 9 ! conditions ( exi/5ce1 & especially vital concurr5ce4 ,! *anges 9 ! conditions ( exi/5ce1 ! accid5tal *>act]s acquir$ by a liv+ individual & transmitt$ by inh]itance to its desc5dants1 create c]ta9 v>ieties ( type4 ,vital concurr5ce1 ! battle ( life1 ! /ruggle ( animat$ be+s to subsi/1 all[ only "s ( ^? v>ieties to la/ on ! sc5e ( ! _w2 ! o!rs are vanqui%$ & disappe>4 ,^! trans=mations1 cont9u$ & accumulat$ f age to age1 increas$ by ! indefatigable labor ( an imm5se numb] ( ages1 h produc$ all ! animal species actually exi/+2 :i* are imp]ceptibly _! pr$ecessors 9 a cont9u\s l9e ( trans=mation1 "u ! p]man5t influ5ce ( ! same natural =ces4 #bdb ,! notion ( species z well z t ( v>iety & race disappe> 9 ?is ord] ( ideas1 or at lea/ lose ! det]m9$ s5se :i* ! naturali/s _h attribut$ to !m4 ,v>iety & race become species 9 ! way ( trans=mation1 9 c\rse ( developm5t4 ,! liv+ =m passes ins5sibly & by et]nal motion f ! "o to ! o!r1 f ! species to ! v>iety1 f ! v>iety to ! race1 & f ! latt] to a new species :i* appe>s only to disappe> 9 its turn4 ,x is only an affair ( "t4 ,! liv+ k+dom is 9 p]petual trans=mation4 ,no "o c tell :at x w become naturally4 ,su* is ! ess5ce ( ! ,d>w9ian !ory4 ,x beg9s by ! hypo!sis ( a natural selection :i* no direct fact proves or confirms4 ,b c ! me?od ( selection z ,d>w9 expla9s x be ! f\ndation ( su* a hypo!sis8 ,b 9 ?is artificial election1 due to ! labor ( man1 man is ! ag5t :o *ooses1 :o works2 he becomes ! f9al & active cause ( ! trans=mation und]gone by ! species2 he takes c>e t ! "* ( ! races :i* he has obta9$ %\ld be ma9ta9$ by an ev]-vigilant election4 ,c any?+ ( ?is k9d be invok$ 9 ! natural selection ( ,d>w98 ,:o replaces ! *oice ( man8 ,if ! natural selection is made accord+ to a plan decre$ & prem$itat$ by ! omnipot5ce :i* has creat$ nature1 ?is selection *anges its "*2 x is no long] any?+ b "o ( ! =ms ( creation2 x is an int]pretation ( ! mode ( act+ ( ! creat+ cause1 x is no long] ! negation ( ?is cause4 ,d>w9ism1 :i* consi/s 9 conceiv+ ! ord] ( ?+s )\t any sup]ior int]v5tion1 "u ! simple action ( accid5ts pass+ =tuit\sly to p]man5ce2 ,d>w9ism1 ho/ile to all f9ality1 disappe>s if ! idea ( plan is p]ceptible 9 ! natural selection4 ,c vital concurr5ce replace ! intellig5t action1 & assure to ! natural selection t fecundity & p[] :i* are n 9 x1 & :i* mu/ come to x f )\t8 ,b c vital concurr5ce1 ! battle ( life1 be ! means ( creation2 c !y eng5d] directly organic modifications1 v>ieties1 animal species8 ,evid5tly n ! battle ( life c make subjects2 x is an ag5t ( elim9ation = weak & defective species2 x _c produce by itself a new species4 ,natural selection rema9s always deliv]$ up to itself1 to its bl9d res\rces1 :i* no?+ directs or regulates1 :i* acquire fecundity only by *ance4 ,to imag9e t ! h>monic & inf9ite collection ( liv+ species c be legitimately ref]r$ to a giv5 ag5t1 ev5 by grant+ to x ?\s&s ( ye>s to manife/ its action1 seems to me arbitr>y & /]ile ra%ness1 :i* has no?+ 9 common ) a noble ra%ness ( sci5ce1 ) ! intuitions ( a g5ius :i* sometimes =e/alls exp]i5ce & ! pro(s :i* x adduces4 ,m4 ,janet has giv5 a g5]al refutation ( ! !ories ( ,d>w91 & suffici5tly /rong to %[ _! folly4 ,g5]al facts h _! own light1 b x does n %9e ! less f> or ! less brilliantly = be+ g5]al4 ,nev]!less1 9 a "q obscur$ by s _m prejudices1 & by ! ass]tions ( a sci5ce :i* calls itself entirely exp]im5tal1 t is to say1 entirely p>ticul>1 p>ticul> facts acquire a s+ul> eloqu5ce & p[] ( demon/ration :i* ! mo/ audaci\s sy/ematiz]s _c refuse to ackn[l$ge4 #bdc ,^? facts embrace ! inf9ite individualities ( ! liv+ k+dom cont9u$ across ! kn[n ages4 ,! s\rce ( in=mation is inexhau/ible4 ,:at does x tea* u8 ,d p>ticul> facts confirm ! ideas ( ,d>w9 reg>d+ ! gradual mutability ( species2 d !y ev5 furni% ! sket* ( a demon/ration limit$ to c]ta9 det]m9$ po9ts1 to c]ta9 animal or vegetable species2 d !y f9ally %[ u "s ( ^? trans=mations :i* are ! f\ndation ( ! sy/em8 ,man has be5 obs]v+ & /udy+ nature = c5turies3 tradition1 ! ru9s pres]v$ f ! pa/1 p]mit u to rem\nt f> up ! /ream ( "t2 h !y appreh5d$ 9 nature any traces ( ^? great *anges :i* incessantly & fatally trans=m ! vegetable & animal species8 ,or1 on ! contr>y1 does n ev]y?+ g aga9/ ^? suppos$ trans=mations1 & prove ! fixity 9 "t & space ( ^? real species2 a fixity :i* is n contradictory1 :i* r adapts itself to a c]ta9 normal physiological v>iability1 :i* always all[s to subsi/ & be p]ceptible ?r\gh x ! type ( ! species1 ! ess5tial & prim>y =m8 ,we easily conceive ! importance t a s9c]e response to ^! que/ions may acquire4 ,!y /rike at ! exp]im5tal f\ndation ( ,d>w9's !ory2 if ?is exp]im5tal basis is want+1 :at becomes ( ^? !ories8 ,are !y n m]e p]sonal & arbitr>y conceptions2 brilliant plays ( an imag9ation /rong & creative1 x is true1 b :i* _c be sub/itut$ = ,nature h]self & h] direct tea*+s8 ,a le>n$ pr(essor ( ! faculty ( sci5ce ( ,lyons1 ,m4 ,erne/ ,faivre1 has j und]tak5 ?is p>ticul> & exp]im5tal /udy ( ! orig9 ( species1 ( _! v>iability & ess5tiality2 & we signalize 8 "w to our read]s--,la ,v>iabilit des ,espces et les ,limites4 ,x is impossible to write1 on s complex & obscure a "q1 a book m ri* 9 facts1 m cle> 9 its developm5ts1 or m au?oritative 9 its conclusions4 ,x seems to u ! condemnation )\t appeal ( ! sy/em ( ,d>w94 ,! vegetable k+dom is consid]$ less rebelli\s ?an ! o!rs to ! !ories ( ,d>w92 v>iety has m ext5d$ limits 9 x1 less fix$ ?an 9 ! animal2 g5]ation1 increase1 ! ext]ior conditions1 pres5t ! occasion ( _m *anges (t5 pr(\nd 9 appe>ance4 ,m4 ,faivre %[s t ! true species exi/s ?r\gh all ^! *anges1 & t x is reproduc$ ( itself f modifi$ types1 :5 circum/ances or ! artificial selection ( man no long] supports ! latt]4 ,n[h]e has man be5 able to create a real & durable species2 & ! species f ! mo/ remote times to our days are ma9ta9$ ) a fixity :i* has become "o ( ! ess5tial *>act]s ( species4 ,! anci5t l& ( ,egypt is full ( mov+ revelations on ?is subject3 ! animals1 ! plants1 ! gra9s buri$ 9 ! caves1 are ! same z ! plants & animals :i* cov] ! bord]s ( ! ,nile at ! pres5t "t4 ,all ! naturali/s h prov$ ?is id5tity ( a consid]able quantity ( animal & vegetable species4 ,h5ce1 ,lam>ck & ,d>w91 to less5 ! value ( an exp]i5ce ( m ?an ?ree ?\s& ye>s' duration1 h pret5d$ t ! conditions ( life & ! conditions ( ! ext]ior m$ium _h n *ang$ 9 ,egypt f ! hi/orical times1 & t ! p]man5cy ( ! species became consequ5tly an ord9>y & logical fact4 ,b hi/ory1 geography1 ! /udy ( ! soil1 prove t ! situation ( ,egypt has be5 pr(\ndly modifi$4 #bdd ,! level ( ! ,nile1 ! limits ( ! des]t1 ! ext5t ( ! cultivat$ l&s1 ! culture ( ! soil1 ! numb] ( popul\s cities1 ! proximity or di/ance ( ! sea1 ! great public works1 ev]y?+ :i* trans=ms a c\ntry "u ! action ( m51 all h *ang$ 9 ,egypt z mu* if n m ?an 9 o!r c\ntries1 & no?+ is f\nd *ang$ 9 ! productions ( ?is soil1 9 ! liv+ be+s :i* x supports & n\ri%es4 ,b we may g fur!r ?an ! hi/orical p]iod4 ,! p]man5ce ( species is prov$ to-day f ! glacial p]iod2 ! bogs ( ,irel&1 ! subm>9e =e/s ( ,engl& & ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 conceal 9 _! dep?s relics ( mammif]a or ( vegetable species exactly comp>able to ! vegetable & animal species actually liv+ 9 ^? same c\ntries4 ,we c\ld n enum]ate all ! pro(s :i* e/abli% ! great fact ( ! p]man5cy ( species2 ! numb] ( ^! pro(s is imm5se1 & no fact s]i\sly contradicts !m1 & yet x is 9 ! "n ( exp]i5ce t ! p>tisans ( natural selection pret5d to speak6 ,! accid5tal1 tempor>y1 & sup]ficial v>ieties :i* !y produce become = !m a suffici5t w>rant ( absolute & p]man5t v>ieties :i* !y _c produce1 b ( :i* !y impud5tly suppose ! =mal exi/5ce2 ?us de/roy+ species by a m]e hypo!sis4 ,natural selection has artificial selection = its ideal godfa!r1 b :at has ! latt] produc$8 ,n only no species1 b n ev5 a p]man5t race def9itively fix$ & acquir$4 ,all ! races made by ! h& ( man die if !y are left to !mselves1 unsupport$ by an artificial selection con/antly at "w4 ,x is a fact :i* ,m4 ,faivre supports ) sup]abundant demon/ration1 tak5 f bo? ! vegetable & animal k+doms4 ,! collection ( ^? facts is truly irresi/ible4 ,:at6 ! cont9u$ trans=mation ( species is giv5 to u z a law1 & yet we _c f9d a solit>y trans=m$ species6 ,! trans=mation ( races1 :i* mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) t ( species1 is itself conditional & relative1 is soon effac$ if no?+ di/urbs ! return ( ! race to ! pure type ( ! species1 & yet we are told ( ! p[] ( natural selection & ( ! battle ( life :i* consecrates ?is p[]6 ,?is selection1 ?is vital concurr5ce1 ?is action ( means1 h be5 all employ$ to modify ! proximate species1 z ! horse & ! ass2 dome/ication (f]$ "h all its res\rces2 ! h& ( man c\ld *oose1 ally1 & cross ! types at w4 ,assur$ly1 says ,m4 ,fl\r5s1 if ev] a complete reunion ( all ! conditions mo/ favorable to ! trans=mation ( "o species into ano!r c\ld be imag9$1 ?is reunion is f\nd 9 ! species ( ! ass & horse4 ,&1 nev]!less1 has !re be5 a trans=mation8 444 ,are n ^? species z di/9ct to-day z !y h always be58 ,among all ! almo/ innum]able races :i* h be5 produc$ by !m1 is !re "o :i* pass$ f ! species ( ! horse to t ( ! ass1 or1 reciprocally1 f ! species ( ! ass to t ( ! horse8 ,:y1 say we ) ,m4 ,faivre1 pay no att5tion to su* simple facts1 & take s mu* tr\ble to seek outside ( evid5ce explanations :i* d n agree ) ! reality8 ,! !ories ( ,d>w9 h become ! *ief support ( ^? :o attribute to man a monkey orig94 ,i pref] to be a p]fect monkey to a deg5]ate ,adam1 says "o ( ! p>tisans ( ^! !ories4 #bde ,b :y c !y n p]fect an ass s z to make a horse ( x8 ,!re is n betwe5 ^! two latt] species ! pr(\nd anatomical diff]5ce :i* exi/s betwe5 ! monkey & man--a diff]5ce s well e/abli%$ by ,gratiolet1 a great m9d & a true savant4 ,on :at1 !n1 c be f\nd$ ! !ory ( our desc5t f ! monkey species1 s9ce ! slighte/ *ange resi/s all fusion1 all transition f "o neighbor+ species to ano!r8 ,! book ( ! ,v>iabilit des ,espces is ! answ] ( facts to ! _s ( sy/em4 ,calm & sev]e1 rigor\s & cold1 ?is book admits only ! te/imony ( nature4 ,x w in/ruct & conv9ce ^? :o d\bt on ^? que/ions4 ,! au?or t]m9ates by ^? conclusions :i* we will+ly reproduce because !y all[ u to div9e some?+ else besides ! indiff]5t /udy ( facts2 !y are p]haps ! only l9es ( ! "w :]e ! s5tim5t ( ! moral dignity ( man is app>5t4 ,?is hypo!sis 7namely1 ( ! mutability ( species7 is n au?oriz$1 says ,m4 ,faivre1 ei!r by its pr9ciple1 :i* is a m]e conjecture2 or by its d$uctions1 :i* ! reality does n confirm2 or by its direct demon/rations1 :i* are h>dly probabilities2 or by its too extreme consequ5ces1 :i* sci5ce z well z human dignity =bid u to accept--! !ory ( spontane\s g5]ation1 ! intimate & degrad+ relation%ip betwe5 man & ! brute4 ,not)/&+ ! ability--we may almo/ say ! g5ius--:i* illu/ri\s savants h employ$ 9 def5d+ ! doctr9e1 reason & exp]i5ce h n weak5$ ! res]v$ & j judgm5t :i* ,cuvi] has pass$ ^u x1 & :i* w s]ve z ! conclusion to ?is essay3 ,among ! diff]5t sy/ems on ! orig9 ( organiz$ be+s1 !re is none less probable ?an t :i* causes ! diff]5t k9ds ( !m to spr+ up1 successively1 by developm5ts or gradual metamorphosis4 ,"o ^w m be=e quitt+ ! subject4 ,all ^! great =ms ( sci5tific error spr+ up 9 our old ,europe1 :]e !y f9d at ! same "t num]\s & passionate adh]5ts1 & firm & eloqu5t oppon5ts4 ,! attack & ! /ruggle are kept up incessantly 9 ! press1 9 our books1 9 our le>n$ bodies1 9 our tea*+ faculties4 ,if we exam9e ! g5]al "* ( ^! conflicts1 we f9d 9 !m tru? almo/ intimidat$1 c]ta9ly less bold & less respect$ ?an error4 ,tru? is self-consci\s1 & t is suffici5t to prev5t x f becom+ weak or yield+ to fatigue & disc\ragem5t2 b x has n popul> favor2 x is tol]at$1 b h>dly ev] greatly enc\rag$4 ,if we quit ?is torm5t$ ,europe1 :i* is drawn only t[>d new errors1 & ca/ our eyes t[>d ^? great ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica1 t f]tile l& appe>s to u z favorable to tru? z to lib]ty4 ,let u li/5 an in/ant to t illu/ri\s savant :o has no sup]ior 9 ! doma9 ( natural sci5ce1 ,m4 ,agassiz2 let u foll[ 8 tea*+ 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge4 ,:at elevation & :at s9c]ity6 ,h[ all ^? sy/ems :i* s$uce s _m m9ds 9 ^! cisatlantic regions are br\ght to _! true proportions--judg$ 9 _! pr(\nd disreg>d ( ! laws ( nature6 ,let u take1 = in/ance1 ! influ5ce ( ext]ior conditions & ( physical ag5ts on animals--! basis ( ! sy/em ( ,lam>ck1 & "o ( ! pr9cipal conditions ( ! mutability ( species 9 ,d>w9ism4 ,m4 ,agassiz1 on ?is po9t1 uses aga9 ! firm language :i* f ! days ( ,cuvi] natural sci5ce has n spok5 9 ,france3 #bdf ,9 s f> z ! div]sity ( animals & plants :i* live 9 ! same physical circum/ances proves ! indep5d5ce z to ! orig9 ( organiz$ be+s1 f ! m$ium 9 :i* !y reside1 s f> does ?is indep5d5ce become evid5t anew :5 we consid] t id5tical types are f\nd ev]y:]e on ! e>? 9 ! mo/ v>i$ conditions4 ,let all ^? diff]5t influ5ces be unit$--all ! conditions ( exi/5ce1 "u ! common apellation ( cosmic influ5ces1 ( physical causes1 or ( climates--& we %all always f9d 9 ?is reg>d extreme diff]5ces on ! surface ( ! globe1 & nev]!less we %all see liv+ normally toge!r "u _! action ! mo/ simil> or ev5 id5tical types4 444 ,does n all ?is prove t organiz$ be+s manife/ ! mo/ surpris+ indep5d5ce ( ! physical =ces 9 ! mid/ ( :i* !y live1 an indep5d5ce s complete t x is impossible to attribute x to any o!r cause ?an to a supreme p[] gov]n+1 at ! same "t1 physical =ces & ! exi/5ce ( animals & plants1 ma9ta9+ betwe5 bo? a h>monical relation by a reciprocal adaptation 9 :i* we c f9d nei!r cause nor effect8 444 ,x w\ld be necess>y to write a volume on ! indep5d5ce ( organiz$ be+s ( physical ag5ts4 ,almo/ ev]y?+ :i* is g5]ally attribut$ to ! influ5ce ( ! latt] mu/ be consid]$ z a simple correlation betwe5 !m & ! animal k+dom result+ f ! g5]al plan ( creation4 ,footnote #aaa ,footnote #aaa3 ,revue des ,c\rs sci5tifique1 ,mai #b1 #ahfh4 ---------- ,canadian ,cu/oms4 ,! neighbor+ ,briti% prov9ces ( ! nor?--! new ,dom9ion ( ,canada--f v>i\s reasons1 claim at ?is "t ! public att5tion4 ,f intr9sic m]its !y are wor?y ( notice4 ,) mu* ( int]e/ 9 ! natural prospects & ! int]ior life ( ?is c\ntry & its d5iz5s1 x is almo/ a t]ra incognita to ! g5]al travell]1 & few p5etrate to ^? remote portions :]e ! anci5t cu/oms ( ! orig9al settl]s are fai?fully reta9$ & kept up 9 _! primitive simplicity4 ,al?\gh closely contigu\s to ! ,am]ican l9e1 bord]$ by its lakes & its =e/s ( d5se timb]1 ri* 9 valuable m9es & co/ly furs indig5\s to nor!rn latitudes1 x is *iefly = ^! possessions t ! prov9ce is s\ght by ! utilit>ian trad]1 r ?an visit$ by ! pleasure-seek+ t\ri/4 ,& yet ! g5]al beauty ( sc5]y & ! peculi> *>act]i/ics ( ! p are wor?y ( close obs]vation1 & "o might va9ly seek 9 a wid] range = mat]ial s gr&1 or *>act]i/ics bett] des]v+ ( appreciation4 ,! noble ,/4 ,lawr5ce is bord]$ by %ores ( smil+ f]tility 9 ! summ] mon?s4 ,! c\ntry rises 9 gradual asc5t f ! pres5t b\nd>ies ( ! /ream1 & geological inquiry demon/rates t at an e>li] p]iod ! b$ ( ! riv] ext5d$ to mu* wid] limits ?an at pres5t4 #bdg ,/ill x is a gr& & noble /ream1 z x goes sweep+ onw>d maje/ically to ! ocean1 gemm$ ) a ?\s& isles1 & hav+ hundr$s ( peaceful villages t ne/le on ei!r %ore4 ,a m]e pass+ voyage on ?is r\te ( travel pres5ts a ri* & v>i$ panorama ( natural beauty4 ,/ill m int]e/+ to ! m9d ( s]i\s ?\ght ?an ?is m]e mat]ial attraction1 is ! sugge/$ idea pres5t$ 9 e village1 cr[n$ hill1 or hamlet1 ne/l+ 9 "s nook along ! %ore1 ( ! happy unity & devotion ( a p :o make1 )9 _! humble homes & 9 ! practice ( piety1 ! sacr$ fai? ( _! wor%ip ! ma9 object ( _! exi/5ce4 ,/rang]s to _! zeal _m d]ide ?is devotion & call x fanaticism2 b no sy/em c (f]1 9 practical moral results1 a high] ord] ( virtu\s life ?an t pres5t$ by ! ,ca?olic ,habitants ,footnote #aab ( ,l[] ,canada4 ,footnote #aab3 ,! ,habitant is a g5]ic "n appli$ to ! f>m+ population ( ,canada ,ea/4 ,reta9+1 ) _! ,fr5* orig91 ! happy temp]am5t ( ! ,lat9 race--c\rte\s1 hospitable1 & en?usia/ic--=eign ref9em5ts h n de/roy$ orig9al purity ( "*2 & 9 _! simple lives1 wisely direct$ by zeal\s1 self-d5y+ curs1 !y illu/rate 9 piety & cont5tm5t ! happy results ( ?is influ5ce4 ,to notice1 !n1 ! habitudes ( ?is class1 to ent] _! homes & p5etrate ! arcana ( _! inn] life1 is a pr(itable /udy to all :o are will+ to receive ! high moral lessons t gr&eur does n con/itute com=t1 & t cont5tm5t may prevail :]e weal? does n ab\nd1 & t piety 9 simple fai? pres5ts a consolation t m]e mat]ial possessions fail to be/[4 ,:ile ! patriotic ,canadian claims z 8 motto1 ,notre culte1 notre langue1 notre lois1 he prop]ly places 8 religion fir/ & above all o!r mundane consid]ations4 ,?is religion is ! ,ca?olic fai?2 & :ile ! ,canadian submits to political innovations1 & recognizes ! rights ( ! conqu]+ arm ( ! ,briti%1 he claims1 9 unb5d+ adh]5ce to 8 *ur*1 ! obs]vance ( e anci5t rite4 ,! ,code ,napoleon may be modifi$ by ,saxon legislation2 b ! great common law ( traditions 9 religi\s =ms mu/ ev] rema9 undi/urb$4 ,h5ce arises a peculi> *>m 9 ! simplicity1 f]vor1 & unity ( devotion among ! ,ca?olic ,canadians4 ,voyag+ f ,montreal to ,la ,rivire du ,l\p1 at e int]v5+ two or ?ree leagues are def9$ ! b\nd>ies ( a ,ca?olic p>i%1 d5ot$ by ! dome or spire ( ! village *ur*4 ,! proportions ( ^! edifices pres5t a solid "* & g5]ally h>monize 9 /yle2 &1 al?\gh lack+ ! f9i% ( ar*itectural design1 !y are con/ruct$ ( /one1 ) ample accommodations = f "o to two ?\s& wor%ipp]s4 ,9 ?is "o edifice ga!rs1 = miles ar\nd1 ! populace ( ! entire di/rict2 = "h no discordant sects prevail to divide & weak5 congregations4 ,?is "o *ur*1 !n1 is ! gr& c5tre ar\nd :i* ! p clu/]1 & :i* usually occupies ! mo/ comm&+ po9t ( obs]vation4 ,if an anci5t edifice1 ! build+ occupies ! c5tre ( ! plateau ( cottages1 at once 9 =m] times ! h\se ( wor%ip & =tress ( def5ce4 ,%\ld ! approa* ( ho/ile ,indians be signall$1 ! populace retir$ )9 ! sacr$ prec9cts until aft] ! dang] pass$1 :i* 0 g5]ally escap$ by ! appeal = peace1 on t]ms ( mutual accommodation1 by ! v5]able prie/4 #bdh ,! influ5ce ( moral =ce (t5 s]v$ to lead ! m9ds ( ! aggressive savage to bett] & high] purposes4 ,?us 9 ?is b>r5 & bleak l& :ole tribes h be5 reclaim$ f hea!nism1 ?\gh _m prie/s1 especially ^? ( ! ,jesuit ord]1 fell victims to _! holy zeal1 & (f]$ _! lives 9 sacrifice to _! sacr$ ef=ts4 ,o!rs l+]$ = ye>s1 prison]s 9 ! h&s ( _! captors1 b /ill tea*+ 9 bondage1 & f9ally1 ga9+ influ5ce f _! virtues & le>n+1 made proselytes ( _! p]secutors4 ,?us :ole tribes 7 br\ght )9 ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ,canada 0 reclaim$ f ! savage cu/oms ( ! natives1 :o h be5 elevat$ & pres]v$ by ! happy influ5ce ( ! ,*ur*4 ,^! tribes h n disappe>$1 z else:]e1 be=e ! rude invad+ m>* ( ! ,*ri/ian1 s-call$1 b cont9ue 9 _! unit$ "* & di/9ctive habits to live prosp]\sly ) _! :ite bre?r51 & to v5]ate ! religion !y h embrac$4 ,_! pr9cipal villages dot ! %ores ( ! ,/4 ,john & ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 & ev5 approa* s ne> ,quebec z ,loretto4 ,_! *ur* edifices are g5]ally ( a simple "*2 b ( late ye>s1 ?r\gh\t ,canada1 _m h be5 rebuilt1 enl>g$1 or sup]s$$ by magnific5t /ructures ( m mod]n /yle ?an ! anci5t village *ur*1 9 :i*1 9 times ( a m primitive civilization1 _! =efa!rs wor%ipp$4 ,b ! wor%ip1 9 its outw>d c]emonies1 rema9s un*ang$4 ,! same fai? t won amid ,sib]ian sn[s ! l& f savage rites1 is alone fo/]$ t5aci\sly 9 all its anci5t =ms4 ,! devot$ zeal ( ! ,fr5* mission prie/1 driv5 f ,france by ! bloody ,revolution1 c>ri$ ! se$s ( ! true fai? to ! bleak %ores ( ! ,canadas2 & _! influ5ce is well ma9ta9$ by ! curs ( ! pres5t day1 :o cont9ue n only to console spiritually1 b 9 all ! affairs ( life give t wise direction :i* _! sup]ior intellig5ce enables !m to ex]cise4 ,! ef=ts ( mod]n mission>ies1 :o exhau/ !mselves 9 tempor>y ef=ts 9 remote regions1 might take a wise lesson f ?is conc5tration ( labor & d$ication ( life to ! s]vice ( religion )9 fix$ limits4 ,x is grant$1 7= ! fact _c be controv]t$7 t ?is p & c\ntry h be5 ,*ri/ianiz$ by ! labors ( ! ,ca?olic mission>ies1 & t ! religion !y inculcat$ is univ]sally e/abli%$ & practis$ by ! ,fr5* population ( ! rural di/ricts4 ,x mu/1 also1 9 fairness be admitt$ t ! good effects ( ! sy/em is demon/rat$ by ! sup]ior morale ( ! p "u ?is control1 :o comp>e favorably ) o!r sections :]e mix$ sects pr$om9ate4 ,canada ,ea/1 f ! ocean to ,quebec1 is settl$ almo/ univ]sally by ,ca?olics1 pr9cipally agriculturi/s1 ?\gh along ! %ores ! fi%]ies & pilotage occupy _! att5tion z a means ( livelihood4 ,among ?is p crime is almo/ unkn[n1 s effici5t h be5 ! influ5ces ( _! fai? ^u _! moral habitudes4 ,not)/&+ ?is favorable condition ( morality1 emiss>ies f ,canada ,we/ are dilig5tly s5t ye>ly ) _! /ock ( tracts = di/ribution & well-b\nd ,bibles = sale4 ,! prea*+ f "o text1 ,be n a busy-body 9 o!r p's matt]s1 w\ld be a judici\s comm5t>y on ?is c\rse1 especially z ! influ5ce ( _! own sy/em fails to produce ! b5ign influ5ces ( ,ca?olicity1 9 fre$om f ! ord9>y evils f :i* ^! happy1 peaceful ,fr5* p>i%es are exempt$4 #bdi ,devotion to _! religion def5ds !m f ! influ5ces ( vice4 ,murd] is a crime t r>ely occurs among ! native population1 & o!r m9or (f5ces are equally unfrequ5t4 ,to a p ?us liv+ h>moni\sly "u an e/abli%$ religi\s influ5ce1 fai?ful 9 obs]vance ( _! duties 9 patri>*al simplicity1 & devot$ to _! religion1 su* invasion ( ! ,prote/ant colporteur is a gratuit\s imp]t95ce4 ,if ! ,ca?olic fai? protects its vot>ies practically f s91 ! sub/itution ( ano!r sy/em1 f ! section ( ,canada ,we/1 7:i* by no means contra/s favorably ) ,ca?olic ,canada ,ea/ 9 comp>ative /ati/ics ( crime17 is no recomm5dation = ! propagation ( a fai? t does n produce equal exemption f evil :]e _! own influ5ce prevails4 ,not)/&+ ?is common-s5se proposition1 zealots f ! ,bible societies ye>ly arrive among ^! devot$ ,*ri/ians1 ea* "o successively qu>rell+ ab\t ! prop] con/ruction ( a book !y univ]sally recomm5d4 ,! logical ,canadian might well ask3 ,:y don't y agree among y\rselves be=e y come to tea* u8 ,we are all happy 9 "o op9ion "h6 ,not)/&+ su* rebuffs1 ! colporteurs proce$ f h\se to h\se1 leav+ _! inc5di>y docum5ts1 :i* in=m ! p t ! cre$ t def5ds !m f ! influ5ce ( s9 is a sn>e & delusion1 & t to be sav$ !y mu/ =ego its ex]cise1 & advantage\sly adopt t ( "s "o ( ! fifty ,prote/ant sects4 ,any ( ^! may be suppos$ to possess a suffici5t div]sity ( doctr9e to satisfy ! mo/ exact+ inquir]s 9 _! se>* aft] religi\s novelties4 ,if ^! s-call$ religi\s propag&i/s conf9$ !mselves exclusively to ^! /atem5ts1 9 consci5ti\s div]sity ( belief1 _! action might be reg>d$ z an ard5t desire to d good to ! s\ls ( _! fell[-m54 ,b ! base/ means are us$ to proselytize1 by delib]ate =g]ies ( ! tru?4 ,! foll[+ incid5t is record$ f p]sonal k ( its occurr5ce1 & c be v]ifi$ by witnesses to ! transaction3 ,a colporteur ( ?is b5efic5t class1 f ,canada ,we/1 ent]$ ! cottage ( a poor ,habitant family 9 ! ?ird range ( ! village ( ,sa9t-,mi*el1 "s fifte5 miles f ,quebec4 ,"o ( ! family 0 dy+1 9 a room ap>t1 & ! prie/ ( ! p>i% 0 adm9i/]+ ! la/ rites ( ! ,*ur*4 ,! o!r memb]s ( ! family 7 9 ! g5]al room1 dur+ ! confession prep>atory to ! ano9t+1 &1 al?\gh 9 grief1 _! circum/ances did n protect !m f ! intrusion ( ! insidi\s /rang]4 ,! p$l> 9 piety vaunt$ 8 tracts1 b z !y 7 unable to read1 ^! 7 unappreciat$1 & he f9ally display$ 8 co/ly ,bible1 :i*1 he in=m$ !m1 unless !y possess$1 /udi$1 & read1 !y nev] c\ld be sav$4 ,a /rang] pres5t--companion ( ! cur--ask$ ! "q3 ,is x a ,ca?olic edition8 ,oh6 yes1 c]ta9ly1 a ,ca?olic ,bible1 po9t+ to ! b9d+ ) ! embelli%m5t ( a l>ge cross1 ! imprimatur ( a bi%op 9 ,france1 & ! recomm5datory note f "s ,pope recomm5d+ its p]usal to ! /udy ( ! fai?ful4 ,"o _h only to look )9 at ! text to discov] ! p]v]sion f ! tru?1 & expose ! fact t all ^! emblems 7 b a false pret5ce1 to make ! book sell among ^? :o w\ld be m attract$ by its ext]nal resemblance to ! au?oriz$ v]sion ( ,holy ,scriptures4 #bej ,! cur at ?is mom5t ent]$1 &1 9 tax+ ! man ) 8 duplicity1 he answ]$ ) effront]y1 ,x is a ,ca?olic ,bible1 b n ! ,romi% edition2 add+1 unless all read x !y mu/ c]ta9ly p]i%4 ,!n1 answ]$ ! prie/1 all "h mu/ be lo/1 = n "o c read2 & unless y rema91 9 y\r ,*ri/ian b5evol5ce1 & in/ruct !m1 !y _c avail !mselves ( y\r writt5 in/ructions4 ,=tunately1 z a protection aga9/ ! insidi\s wiles ( su* base pret5d]s to exclusive possession ( religi\s tru?1 ! laws ( ,l[] ,canada protect ! p aga9/ dang]\s =ms ( proselytism1 calculat$ to create brea*es ( ! peace2 & ! invasion ( a h>moni\s p>i% by ^! di/urb]s ( ! cont5t$ p c be promptly puni%$ z a p5al (f5ce4 ,!y may sell or give away _! books1 b "h _! influ5ce = evil ends2 & ! tr\ble ^! colporteurs give !mselves1 if exp5d$ 9 a m legitimate mann]1 might prove q z effective = _! p]sonal good 9 e>n+ an hone/ livelihood by m wor?y me?ods4 ,to uproot ^! t>es ( evil is ! "o tr\ble giv5 to ! wor?y curs1 :o dilig5tly wat* & gu>d _! flocks f ! invasions ( wolves1 z well z in/ruct & guide !m tru?fully 9 ! way ( life4 ,! result ( _! self-d5y+ labors is manife/2 & ,ca?olic ,canada comp>es favorably 9 its morality ) any portion ( ! ,*ri/ian _w4 ,an ,am]ican ,ca?olic ent]+ "o ( ^! rural p>i% *ur*es describ$1 ?\gh recogniz+ ! same s]vice 9 ! (f]+ ( ! holy sacrifice1 w\ld be /ruck by sev]al di/9ctive features 9 ! ,mass & congregation1 & p]haps m ?an "o obs]vance t1 z a republican ,ca?olic1 he nev] be=e witness$4 ,di/9ctions 9 society are obs]v$1 b ! def]5ce is paid to sup]ior goodness only2 ! l9es t m>k ! grades ( sup]iority 9 society be+ drawn by ! p]sonal wor? ( ! possessor 9 8 elevation to ! place ( honor4 ,?ree *ief (fic]s are elect$ f among ! congregation e two ye>s4 ,!y occupy ! seat ( honor 9 ! *ur* on a rais$ banc1 9 "s cases canopi$1 b always decorat$ by two c&les & a crucifix4 ,to ^! po9ts ! prie/ fir/ proce$s at ! asp]sion1 &1 mak+ 8 obeisance & bless+1 proce$s ) ! c]emony4 ,& !y are likewise fir/ s]v$ on ! di/ribution ( ! pa9 bnit1 & always take prec$5ce 9 ! gr&] c]emonies ( ! *ur*1 be+ admitt$ )9 ! sanctu>y to receive ! palms1 & on o!r appropriate occasions hav+ ! place ne assign$ to _! occupation4 ,?is gives ! laity an active "p & place ( honor 9 ! s]vice ( ! *ur*4 ,p]sonal wor?1 & aptitude to look aft] ! secul> int]e/s ( ! *ur*1 are ! sole qualifications = ?is position1 & ! unit$ voice ( ! congregation1 9 assembly1 decl>es _! *oice4 ,no alt]ation or repairs1 or any movem5t connect$ ) *anges 9 matt]s p]ta9+ to ! int]e/s ( ! *ur*1 c be und]tak5 )\t _! approval4 ,!y are ! def5d]s ( ! secul> int]e/s1 z ! prie/ is exclusively ( ! spiritual direction1 b mo/ g5]ally h>monize ) _! cur 9 any plans ( improvem5t he may sugge/4 #bea ,an ,am]ican p>ticipat+ 9 ^! ,canadian s]vices c\ld intellig5tly foll[ all t is exhibit$ 9 ! ritual1 ?\gh he w\ld be surpris$ 9 a simple rural population at ! pomp & exactitude ) :i* on gr& occasions ! s]vices w\ld be p]=m$4 ,no c]emony is omitt$ t w\ld give dignity to devotion1 & ! ,roman ritual is closely foll[$4 ,al?\gh ! ,am]ican /rang] might n und]/& ! ,fr5* s]mon or hymn1 g5]ally sung dur+ ! gradual or communion s]vice1 /ill 9 common fai? he w\ld recognize ! (f]+ ( ! great sacrifice1 express$ 9 ! same sonor\s language 9 :i* ! s]vice ( ! ,*ur* (f]s h] devotions 9 e clime4 ,?us1 z a =eign]1 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* he w\ld 9 ! mo/ solemn p>ts ( ! s]vice feel at home4 ,9 common ) ,roman discipl9e1 ! ,diocese ( ,quebec excludes female s+]s f ! organ-l(t1 save by disp5sation dur+ ! mon? ( ,m>y1 :5 ?is joyful season is m>k$ by ?is indulg5ce4 ,! *ori/]s1 compos$ ( m5 & boys1 sit )9 ! sanctu>y1 9 /alls arrang$ 9 a d\ble r[ on ei!r side1 & ^! are *os5 = _! excell5t "* z well z vocal p[]s4 ,footnote #aac ,footnote #aac3 ,!y sometimes numb] =ty or fifty 9 an ord9>y village *ur*4 ,none w\ld be admitt$ :o did n possess ! "o qualification ( piety4 ,all are dec5tly surplic$1 & on ,sundays & fte-days f\r ( ! boys we>1 9 addition to ! surplice1 p5d5t w+s ( musl91 neatly plait$1 & act z ! prom95t assi/ants to ! ,mass4 ,at ! fea/ ( ,corpus ,*ri/i1 ! gr&e/ c]emonial ( ! ,*ur*1 7aft] ! consecration ( a bi%op17 z _m z eight c5s]s are us$1 & ! road ?r\gh :i* ! cortge passes is g>l&$ ) fl[]s1 & bann]s are wav+ f e po9t4 ,! gr&eur ( ! c]emonial exce$s t ( ca!dral pomp 9 ,am]ican cities1 = ! procession makes ! out-door circuit ( ! village1 /opp+ at f\r sections = ! b5$iction4 ,two ( ^! are erect$ tempor>ily ( b\ghs ( trees ta/efully decorat$1 & mo/ villages possess two small *apels di/9ct f ! *ur* t are p]man5tly con/ruct$ = ^! purposes1 & us$ on v>i\s occasions1 :5ev] ! bi%op prescribes peculi> devotions4 ,?us1 at ! bless+ ( ! se$s ( ! e>?1 9 invok+ pray]s = a pl5tiful h>ve/1 9 times ( plague1 w>1 or inundation1 ^! specialty s]vices are peculi>ly enjo9$1 & ^! *apels are !n ev] ready = ! reception ( ! sacram5t4 ,o!rwise !y are clos$ & unus$1 & only /& z memorials ( ! fai? ( ! p2 m>k+ ) ! emblem ( ,*ri/ianity ! ,ca?olic l& ( ,canada4 ,at e mile a black cross /&s z a mile/one to po9t ! way & keep religi\s hope alive on e side & e /ep2 & sometimes1 to m>k special bless+s 9 answ] to pray]s1 ^! crosses are h&somely c>v$ & ( /one1 & almo/ always enclose1 ev5 :5 ( ord9>y mat]ial1 "s sacr$ /atue ( v5]at$ sa9t4 ,?us 9 ! frigid clime & sn[-capp$ hills ( ,canada1 a ,ca?olic love ( ! beautiful1 pure1 & good /&s 9 memorials z frequ5t z may be f\nd 9 ! sunny climes ( ,italy or ( ! smil+ l&s ( ! s\?4 ,:o w say t ^! objects ( v5]ation d n t5d to keep fai? alive8 ,! ru/ic ,canadian1 z he passes ! memorial1 lifts 8 m9d to ! high] reality to :i* x po9ts1 & 9 respectful adoration ei!r raises 8 hat or dev\tly crosses himself 9 pray]4 ,call x sup]/ition if y w1 b x is at lea/ a h>mless =m ( dec5t respect to ! e>?ly insignia ( heav5ly realities :i* ! emblem repres5ts4 #beb ,! same respect1 too1 is univ]sally ext5d$ to ! cur :5 he passes abroad2 all b[ or l[ly make _! obeisance to ! man ( ,god4 ,^! outw>d manife/ations ( human respect only tea* lessons ( honor = ! (fice prop] to be obs]v$2 &1 to ! cr$it ( ,prote/ant g5tlem5 x may be add$1 9 ,l[] ,canada1 ! "* & influ5ce ( ! prie/ are s highly e/eem$ t1 ev5 ?\gh /rang]s to ! ,*ur*1 9 _m in/ances !y con=m to ! cu/om4 ,a ,ca?olic nev] passes ! cl]gy ( ! *ur* )\t ! complim5t ( ! salut2 to omit ! obs]vance w\ld be a m>k ( disrespect4 ,^! peculi>ities1 l ! ord] ( ! *ur* s]vice1 arre/ ! att5tion ( ! ,am]ican ,ca?olic4 ,! :ole ,mass is uni=mly p]=m$ 9 ,gregorian tones4 ,! v]sicle ( ! day & ! ,introit are *ant$ by lead+ voices 9 ! sanctu>y4 ,! *oir comm5ce ! ,kyrie1 & x is likewise responsively inton$ alt]nately1 fir/ by voices 9 ! sanctu>y1 & !n1 ) organ accompanim5t1 answ]$ by s+]s 9 ! organ-l(t4 ,& s ! s]vice is c>ri$ on mo/ impressively1 ?r\gh\t ! ,gloria & ,cr$o1 ev5 unto ! canon ( ! ,mass1 ) ! same tone t is prop] to ! ,mass ( ! day4 ,?us is produc$ an effect ( solemn h>mony & unity ) ! celebrant at ! alt>4 ,no light op]atic air cla%es ) ! sev]e ritual1 b all is grave & subdu$1 & only reliev$ by ! simple pa?os ( "s ,fr5* hymn1 cr$itably *ant$1 & mo/ frequ5tly z a solo1 by ! be/ voice ( ! *oir4 ,! ,canadians are a music-lov+ p1 & all ord]s cultivate ?is gift ( nature4 ,_! melodies are _s-/irr+ & des]v+ ( wid] cultivation4 ,z x is1 _m ( our popul> airs spr+ f la *anson ,canadi5ne4 ,frugal 9 _! ta/es1 ! simple pleasures ( social companion%ip are _! *ief relaxation2 ?\gh ! games & enjoym5ts ( _! h>dy clime h _! _m vot>ies1 & !y excel 9 all ! manly out-door ex]cises1 9 :i* ev5 _! wom5 p>ticipate4 ,p]haps ?is may be "o reason1 besides high] moral causes1 t acc\nt = ! peculi> longevity & l>ge families ( ! ,canadian p4 ,if m primitive 9 _! cu/oms ?an 9 l&s :]e luxuri\s habits prevail1 !y are exempt$ f _m evils consequ5t on _! indulg5ce1 & ! virtues ( ! he>t fl\ri% & ab\nd 9 luxuriance z ! tea*+s ( ! *ur* prevail & are practis$4 ,hospitality is ! cr[n+ m]it ( ! ,canadian p4 ,! /rang] ev] receives a g5]\s welcome & c\rte\s att5tions4 ,! ,fr5* orig9 ( ! p reta9s all ! idiosyncrasies ( ! latt] race1 & t easy grace ( mann] insep>able f ,fr5* habitude4 ,a ,canadian peasant w receive a /rang] ) a ready tact t is univ]sal1 ev5 to ^? 9 ! simple/ rank 9 life4 ,?is frankness & g5]osity ( mann] are p>tially ! influ5ce ( ! ,*ur*1 :i* inculcates ! practice ( c\rtesy spr++ f goodness ( he>t & virtu\s int5tion1 & x is especially inculcat$ 9 a rite peculi> to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,canada4 ,dur+ ! c\rse ( ! ,mass1 e ,sunday1 is duly obs]v$ ! g5]ally obsolete cu/om call$ ! ,agapae1 ( apo/olic in/itution4 ,x is "o ( ^? c]emonials :i* 9 its lat5t significance tea*es a :olesome tru? & duty1 & x is to be regrett$ t x %\ld h fall5 into desuetude else:]e4 #bec ,significant ( ! good-fell[%ip t %\ld prevail among all memb]s ( ! human family1 & 9 recognition ( our common dep5d5ce "o ^u ! o!r1 & ! duty ( mutual aid & support to our bro!r-man1 ?is fea/ ( love is eat5 9 common by all ranks & conditions 9 life4 ,if a ,prote/ant %\ld be pres5t1 & conduct himself ord]ly dur+ ! s]vice1 ! c\rte\s ,canadian w\ld ext5d a portion ( ! bread = ! acceptance ( 8 diss5t+ bro!r1 z !re is no?+ ( a sacram5tal "* 9 its reception1 & x is z free z ! holy wat] f\nt 9 :i* ! curi\s unbeliev] (t5 dips 8 h& ) m sup]/iti\s dread ?an ! ,ca?olic believ]4 ,9 ?is rite1 l>ge loaves ( bread are prep>$ 9 rotation by ! respective families ( ! p>i%1 ea* 9 _! ord] supply+ ! dem&4 ,?is is call$ le pa9 bnit1 bless$ bread2 &1 aft] its b5$iction by pray]1 t our daily food may be us$ to our advantage1 :i* c]emony takes place f ! /eps ( ! alt>1 j be=e ! ,gloria1 x is cut & divid$ into small pieces among ! congregation1 :o receive x f ! u%]s1 7! maires be+ fir/ s]v$17 9 :atev] position !y may be 9 dur+ ! c\rse ( ! s]vice--ei!r kneel+1 seat$1 or /&+4 ,its di/ribution usually comm5ces dur+ ! c\rse ( ! ,cr$o1 &1 unless ! congregation is v l>ge1 concludes at lea/ be=e ! comm5cem5t ( ! mo/ solemn p]iod ( ! ,holy ,sacrifice4 ,! c]emony creates no confusion1 b is receiv$ z an ord9>y "p ( ! day's duties4 ,! morsel is accept$1 ! recipi5t blesses himself1 ) a %ort pray]1 & ! p>ticle is consum$4 ,! value ( ! obs]vance ( ?is rite is1 ! sacr$ lesson t x s significantly tea*es4 ,its abs5ce w\ld only create rem>k 9 ! m9d ( ! ,habitant1 :o is s+ul>ly t5aci\s ( any innovation on ! e/abli%$ cu/oms ( 8 =efa!rs1 ev5 :]e !y manife/ly are some:at burd5some to be obs]v$2 = ! prep>ation ( bread 9 ?ree or f\r l>ge loaves = a ?\s& p is n entirely an insignificant matt]4 ,9 ! city *ur*es ( ,quebec1 ! rite by disp5sation is n obs]v$1 b x is univ]sal 9 all ! rural p>i%es4 ,la religion e/ *ange4 ! ,habitant w\ld say ) a sigh1 %\ld an ef=t be made to cut loose f any ( ! anci5t l&m>ks & cu/oms to ^: practice he _h be5 accu/om$4 ,! obs]vance ( ?is habit is !re=e wisely reta9$1 z tea*+ a :olesome lesson ( *>ity to our fell[-man4 ,all are recipi5ts alike1 "y & old1 ! s9n] z well z ! sa9tly1 = all h ne$ ( ! t5d] indulg5ce ( ea* o!r 9 def]5ce to _! common infirmities4 ,_m l&s ( s(t] clime possess fair] sc5es & a ri*] soil2 b = ! elevat$ affections ( ! he>t 9 simplicity1 none possess 9 a r>] degree ^? virtues calculat$ to r5d] man noble & happy1 & to elevate him 9 ! social scale1 ?an ! p ( ^! nor!rn possessions t b\nd our ,am]ican limits4 ,p]haps 9 ! m>* ( ev5ts1 %\ld _! c\ntry ev] be absorb$ ) our own republican in/itutions1 ! /ronge/ bond ( fell[%ip w be1 ! common religion !y hold 9 su* p]fect unity ) numb]s ( _! ,am]ican bre?r54 ,x is ?is pr9ciple t w r5d] !m adaptive to our political in/itutions z good citiz5s2 &1 p]haps1 9 simple fai?1 e>ne/ devotion1 & rigid /&>d ( obs]vances ( ! ,ca?olic fai?1 ! ,am]ican ,ca?olic c\ld well borr[ f 8 ,canadian bre?r5 a portion ( t zeal = :i* !y are s ju/ly conspicu\s4 #bed ,our limits =bid all t might be said ( ! ,ca?olic hi]>*y 9 ,canada2 a body ( m5 :o1 = le>n+1 piety1 & self-sacrifice1 furni% s _m glori\s examples wor?y ( imitation4 ,zeal\s 9 ! cause ( education1 z f]v5t 9 _! piety1 !y h made ! /]l+ wor? ( ! ,canadian ,*ur* a subject = praise & imitation 9 e l&4 ,! simple/ ,canadian foll[s ! language ( ! ,*ur* 9 8 daily pray]s2 & z ! ,angelus s\nds )9 h] bord]s ?rice a day1 or ! pass+-bell tells ( a s\l dep>t$1 or ! joyful *ime proclaims a ,*ri/ian receiv$ )9 ! ,*ur*1 ! ,lat9 pray] univ]sally asc5ds f a ?\s& he>ts1 & ,heav5's b5isons foll[ 9 b5ignant response4 ,may ! sun ( prosp]ity ev] light5 h] bord]s6 ---------- ,translat$ ,f ,! ,fr5*4 ,! ,/ory ,( ,m>cel1 ,! ,little ,mettray ,coloni/4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,o grief beyond all o!r griefs6 :5 fate ,fir/ leaves ! "y he>t desolate ,9 ! wide _w4 ,moore4 ,x 0 at ! close ( ! memorable #bf? ( ,june1 #ahdh1 "o ( ! mo/ dreadful days ( t sangu9>y /rife call$ ! ,revolution1 :i* _h desolat$ ,p>is s9ce ! mon? ( ,febru>y1 t a man1 dress$ 9 a torn & blood-/a9$ bl\se1 8 face & h&s black ) gunp[d]1 & c>ry+ a gun on 8 %\ld]1 climb$ ha/ily ! d>k1 dirty /aircase ( a h\se 9 ! ,rue de la ,p>*em9]ie4 ,he 0 foll[$ by a mis]able-look+ *ild ( app>5tly ab\t eight ye>s old1 ^: little1 trembl+ legs manag$ ) difficulty to keep up ) ! long /rides ( ! individual be=e him1 :o f "t to "t look$ back to see t he 0 com+4 ,on rea*+ ! ?ird /ory1 ! revolutioni/1 = su* he evid5tly 01 op5$ a door1 & ent]$ a dismal1 bad-smell+ room ( pov]ty-/rick5 aspect4 ,a woman ( ab\t =ty 0 !re1 busily occupi$ ov] a small iron furnace ca/+ lead bullets1 ( :i* a numb] ready = use 7 ly+ on ! dirty brick floor beside h]4 ,"h !y are1 all hot1 all hot1 cri$ %e ) a fi]ce laugh z he came 94 ,i don't keep y wait+ = y\r tools1 y see2 !re's n a citiz5 ( ,p>is t has a bett] help-mate ?an y1 ,augu/e2 is !re1 n[8 ,& ,i'm z ready ) my knife z--b :at h y !re8 ,& ! dreadful woman /rode =w>d a /ep z %e caught sight ( ! *ild1 half-hidd5 beh9d h] husb&4 #bee ,x's a poor little devil ,i pick$ up on a b>ricade1 repli$ ,augu/e4 ,ma foi6 ,i believe t he _h foll[$ 8 fa!r to ! fight1 :]e ! citiz5 receiv$ 8 passport = ! o!r _w2 ! little "o _h hook$ himself on to ! corpse1 & ,i _h "s tr\ble to loos5 8 hold1 & aft]w>d to put him on 8 legs aga92 b a drop ( br&y did x at la/1 & "h he is6 ,& :at on e>? are we to d ) him8 vocif]at$ ! woman1 :o _h li/5$ to ?is explanation ) _m a %rug & m5ac+ ge/ure4 ,i %all n fe$ him1 ,i tell y4 ,:]e's ! grub to come f1 ,i %\ld l to "k8 ,come1 n[1 said ,augu/e soo?+ly1 be reasonable1 d4 ,n[ t ! dog's dead1 y c give him ! bones & lick+s1 c't y8 ,x won't co/ m to keep ?is little wret* ?an x did to keep ! dog4 ,n s mu*1 ,i believe4 ,he's n wor? ei!r bones or lick+s1 scream$ ! wife4 ,m$or e>n$ 8 liv+1 :ile ?is bea/ ( a *ild--"h %e caught ! fright5$ boy by ! arm & :irl$ him viol5tly r\nd--hasn't ! /r5g? ( a fly6 ,he'll be able to pick up rags 9 a day or two1 ,pelagie1 y w see2 ,come1 n[1 let u keep him4 ,"h1 sit d[n1 "y "o4 ,& ,augu/e pu%$ ! *ild d[n on a wood5 /ool4 ,pelagie /orm$1 b ,augu/e at la/ ga9$ ! day1 & ev5 obta9$ a cru/ ( bread = ! wret*$ little creature1 ^: l>ge eyes glanc$ f ! "o to ! o!r ( ! speak]s :ile !y debat$ 8 fate4 ,8 ?91 pale *eek /ill bore ! traces ( ! te>s he _h %$ :5 8 fa!r fell1 %ot ?r\gh ! he>t1 on ! b>ricade1 & 8 little bl\se & torn tr\s]s 7 /a9$ ) 8 fa!r's blood6 ,we %all n repeat ! conv]sation ( ! husb& & wife on ! ev5ts ( ! day--t day :5 ! infatuat$ workpeople & proletaires ( ,p>is murd]$ ! v5]able prie/ :o1 ob$i5t to ! call ( 8 sacr$ duties1 _h come to ! sc5e ( /rife & slaught] to prea* m]cy & =be>ance4 ,! %eph]d gives 8 life = 8 %eep1 &1 ,may my blood be ! la/ %$1 7 ! la/ words ( ,ar*bi%op ,affre4 ,alas6 :5 ! tor* ( civil w> is once light$1 m5 seem to gr[ mad2 ! fi]ce/ passions ( humanity are let loose1 & ru9 & dea? seem alone able to end ! /ruggle4 ,s has x ev] be5 ) ! excitable p ( ,p>is2 s w x ev] be ) ! ignorant & vici\s4 ,_m fell aft] ! good ar*bi%op1 & among !m ,augu/e ,vautr94 ,he _h gone (f1 c>ry+ ) him ! newly-made bullets1 & leav+ ! *ild ^: life he _h probably sav$2 he return$ no m4 ,a neighbor :isp]$ to ,pelagie t same night t h] husb& 0 ly+ dead 9 ! ,rue ,/4 ,anto9e1 b ! deprav$ & unlov+ wife did n c>e to reclaim 8 body1 & all t 0 left ( ! mis]able man 0 consequ5tly ?r[n ignom9i\sly into ! common grave ( ! misguid$ revolutioni/s4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,p9n'd1 beat51 cold1 p9*'d1 ?reat5'd1 & abus$1 ,8 ef=ts puni%'d & 8 food refus$1 ,awake torm5t$1 soon ar\s$ f sleep1 ,/ruck if he wept1 & yet compell$ to weep1 ,! trembl+ boy dropp$ d[n1 & /rove to pray1 ,receiv$ a bl[1 & trembl+ turn$ away4 ,crabbe4 ,pelagie ,vautr91 n[ a wid[1 cont9u$ to ga9 h] liv+ z be=e4 ,%e 0 :at is call$ 9 ,france a m]*ant ( ! f\r seasons1 t is1 a co/]mong]1 hawk+ ab\t ! /reets 9 a h&c>t ! diff]5t vegetables & fruits ( ea* season1 sometimes ev5 v5tur+ on a load ( salt mack]el1 sometimes ( dri$ figs4 ,%e 0 a /rong1 mascul9e-look+ virago1 :o might h ga9$ a tol]able liv+1 = "o day ) ano!r br\ght h] 9 ab\t ?ree francs1 _h %e n be5 giv5 to dr9k4 #bef ,e b>ga9 %e made ei!r to buy or to sell 0 ratifi$ by a glass ( br&y1 s t by ! "t %e _h empti$ h] c>t1 h] pocket 0 ne>ly empty too4 ,at all times )\t g5tl5ess or pity1 %e became almo/ f]oci\s :5 excit$ by liquor1 & x 0 a cruel fate t _h made ! little orphan fall into h] h&s4 ,he1 poor fell[1 seem$ to be q fri5dless4 ,que/ion$ & cross-que/ion$ by ,pelagie & h] neighbors1 he c\ld give no fur!r acc\nt ( himself ?an t he 0 call$ ,m>cel1 & t 8 fa!r 0 %ot on ! b>ricade2 ! *ild %udd]$ ea* "t t he 0 =c$ to answ] ?is4 ,he appe>$ nev] to h kn[n 8 "m1 reply+ always t he _h liv$ ) 8 fa!r1 only ) 8 fa!r1 & nobody else4 ,he 0 a slight1 elegantly =m$ boy1 ) ! intellig5t1 delicate features peculi> to ! true ,p>isian4 ,timid & n]v\s1 he trembl$ ea* "t t ,pelagie address$ him1 & implicitly obey$ h] slighte/ ord]4 ,dur+ ! two days t foll[$ ! dea? ( ,augu/e1 ,pelagie rema9$ %ut up 9 h] dirty1 close-smell+ room4 ,:e!r %e fe>$ t ! re/oration ( public ord] might expose h] to ! unpleasant obs]vation ( ! law1 or t ! loss ( h] husb& did really some:at affect h]1 we "k n2 c]ta9 x is t %e /aid quietly at home1 & ev5 %>$ ! bread & boil$ beef t a neighbor _h fet*$ = h] f a g>gote1 or poor eat+-h\se1 ne> by1 ) ,m>cel4 ,he _h be5 provid$ ) a heap ( rags = a b$1 & p]mitt$ to sleep4 ,& = two nights1 poor boy1 he _h slept z *ildr51 happily ! poor z well z ! ri*1 only c sleep--=getful ( ! pa/ & un?9k+ ( ! future4 ,b on ! morn+ ( ! ?ird day1 ,pelagie got up 9 full possession ( all h] wont$ en]gy & brutality4 ,out ( b$1 little begg>6 7 h] fir/ words1 z %e pu%$ ! sleep+ *ild ) h] foot2 out ( b$2 y mu/ beg9 to "w = y\r bread4 ,n[1 li/5 to me1 %e cont9u$1 z ,m>cel1 ) a sc>$ look1 />t$ up ready-dress$ f 8 b$ ( rags2 li/51 d y he>1 to me4 ,y w g se>* = all ! bits ( old iron1 old nails1 & ?+s ( t sort1 t y c f9d 9 ! /reets & gutt]s4 ,"h is a lea!rn bag to put !m 92 d y see8 ,i %all tie x ab\t y\r wai/1 & take c>e y don't lose x4 ,& "h is a basket & a hook2 ) ?is hook y w cat* up all ! pieces ( pap] & rag t y see1 & put !m into ! basket4 ,n[1 m9d :at y're ab\t3 ,i %all h an eye on y1 :]ev] y may be4 ,"h is a piece ( bread2 & don't come back until y\r basket is full1 or ,i %all sk9 y4 ,s say+1 %e ?ru/ ! bewild]$1 fright5$ boy out ( ! door1 :i* %e %ut imm$iately1 leav+ him to grope 8 way d[n ! d>k1 crazy /aircase z he be/ might4 ,aft] two or ?ree falls he rea*$ ! door ( ! h\se1 & f\nd himself 9 ! n>r[1 fil?y gutt] call$ ! ,rue de la ,p>*em9]ie--"o ( ! impure1 airless ?or\ghf>es ( t old ,p>is :i* ! pres5t rul] ( ,france is levell+ to give place to wide1 heal?ful1 h&some /reets & squ>es4 ,he /ood a mom5t hesitat+ :e!r he %\ld turn to ! "r or to ! left1 :5 ! voice ( ,pelagie call+ to him f ! w9d[ above made him look up4 ,be (f6 %e scream$4 ,i'm wat*+ y1 & m9d y br+ me back all y get6 #beg ,! *ild %\ld]$ 8 basket & ran on4 ,turn+ ! corn] & out ( sight ( 8 fi]ce protectress1 if we may call h] s1 he /opp$1 poor little fell[6 ,8 basket & hook dropp$ to ! gr\nd1 z ) a ge/ure ( despair he ?rew up 8 h&s t[>d heav5 & cri$ al\d1 ,o my fa!r6 my fa!r6 ,! cry & ! ge/ure 7 n address$ to t ,heav5ly ,fa!r ^: eye 0 !n z ev] ^u him1 full ( pity & m]cy ?\gh unse5 & incompreh5sible1 = ! unhappy orphan knew n h[ to pray2 b we c believe t x 0 he>d & answ]$1 z if x _h be5 a direct supplication to ! ?rone ( grace2 n !n1 p]haps1 b 9 ! fulness ( t "t :i* he ha? *os5 = our consolation4 ,a mom5t aft]1 ! boy ga!r$ up 8 fall5 basket & hook & dilig5tly set to "w4 ,n a rag or scrap ( pap] escap$ 8 se>*+ eye4 ,nails & metal buttons1 & bits ( old iron1 & _m a flatt5$ bullet t _h probably done "s deadly "w1 all f\nd _! way into 8 basket or 8 lea!rn bag4 ,t[>d twelve o'clock he f\nd himself ne> ! f\nta9 9 ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,place2 tir$ & hot1 he took a dr9k1 &1 seat+ himself on ! curb/one ne> by1 began to eat ! piece ( bread t ,pelagie _h giv5 him t morn+4 ,8 appetite 0 good1 & he enjoy$ 8 dry cru/ bett] ?an _m a ri* man did 8 sumptu\s d9n] t day4 ,8 little tee? w5t s busily & vigor\sly to "w1 t a hackney-coa*man belong+ to ! coa*-/& 9 ! place1 & :o 0 lazily contemplat+ humanity f 8 box-seat1 aft] wat*+ him a:ile ) admiration1 ?rew him a s\1 tell+ him to buy "s sausage1 because he des]v$ some?+ = ! way 9 :i* he attack$ t piece ( brick-bat4 ,he has tee? l a rat1 cri$ ! coa*man1 gr9n+1 to "o ( 8 comrades2 ! way he nibbles t cru/1 t's z h>d z ! /one he's sitt+ on1 is a sight6 ,m>cel took ! s\1 & return$ a look ( su* smil+ gratitude t ! obs]vant coa*man aga9 rem>k$ to 8 fri5d t t little *ap _h eyes l ! gazelle's 9 ! ,g>d5 ( ,plants2 !y're j z s(t & t5d]1 add$ he1 only blue4 ,b ! *ild d>$ n sp5d ! money on himself--_h n ,pelagie told him to br+ h] back ev]y?+ he got8 ,s he put x into ! bag ) ! old iron1 & once m w5t to "w4 ,/eadily & e>ne/ly he plodd$ on1 all 8 little faculties conc5trat$ on 8 task1 s t at five 9 ! aft]noon 8 lea!rn bag 0 full1 & 8 basket pil$ up & press$ d[n4 ,glad & triumphant1 ) "s hope ( k9d words ?is "t at lea/1 he turn$ t[>d ! ,rue de la ,p>*em9]ie1 & rea*$ ! wret*$ h\se j z ,pelagie 0 pu%+ h] empty h&c>t ?r\gh ! n>r[ passage into ! y>d1 :]e x 0 put up "u a %$ = ! night4 ,he climb$ ! /aircase & /ood wait+ = h] on ! l&+-place be=e ! door ( h] room4 ,y "h6 %e cri$ :5 %e p]ceiv$ him4 ,:at's br\ght y back s soon1 y little vauri58 ,footnote #aad ,footnote #aad3 ,wor?-no?+4 ,my basket & my bag are bo? full1 madam1 repli$ ,m>cel1 trembl+ z he look$ up into ! furi\s eyes ( ! drunk5 virago4 ,i %all soon see t4 ,%e pu%$ him viol5tly into ! room4 ,n[1 give me ! bag4 ,%e snat*$ x f him z %e spoke & empti$ out ! cont5ts on ! floor4 #beh ,:y1 :at is ?is8 %e exclaim$ z %e caught sight ( ! s\4 ,did y f9d ?is8 don't y "k :at x is8 ,i "k :at x is1 madam2 x 0 giv5 to me to buy "s sausage ) to flavor my bread4 ,to flavor y\r bread1 y little begg>6 ,good bread's n good en\gh = y1 !n6 ,i'll flavor y\r bread1 y idiot4 ,& ) h] /rong "r h& %e dealt him a bl[ on ! side ( ! head t fell$ him in/antly to ! floor4 ,he hid 8 bruis$ face 9 8 little trembl+ h&s & lay !re weep+ sil5tly4 ,get up1 get up1 y idle dog2 y're n go+ to /ay !re1 ,i c tell y6 ,come1 take y\r basket & hook & be (f aga94 ,! unfeel+ woman pull$ up ! wret*$ *ild z %e spoke4 ,:at6 cry+6 ,i'll h none ( t6 ,come1 be (f6 ,y'll get no supp]1 ,i promise y1 until y\r basket's full aga94 ,d[n ! crazy /aircase once m ! little orphan /umbl$ into ! /reet--hungry & tir$1 8 *eek blue ) ! cruel bl[1 & 8 "y he>t swell+ ) ! s5se ( s mu* inju/ice & oppression4 ,! ?\ght came to him sudd5ly t he w\ld n return aga9 to t wick$ woman2 b !n1 :]e %\ld he g8 ,:o w\ld take c>e ( him8 ,he w&]$ ?r\gh _m dirty1 n>r[ /reets :ile he ?us m$itat$1 & at la/ f\nd himself be=e ! old *ur* ( ,/4 ,eti5ne du ,mont4 ,he saw "s *ildr5 go+ 91 & foll[$ !m4 ,!re 0 s pr(\nd a sil5ce 9 ! sacr$ edifice1 su* a s(t1 subdu$ light /ream$ 9 f ! beautiful pa9t$ w9d[s1 t ! *ild's agitat$1 angry he>t seem$ calm$ almo/ by a miracle4 ,he slunk into a d>k corn]1 & !re1 do+ z he saw ! happi] *ildr5 ) :om he _h ent]$ d1 he knelt4 ,he did n pray2 he _h nev] kn[n a "m's c>e1 nev] be5 taught to lisp ,our ,fa!r :o art 9 heav5 at 8 "m's knee2 b peace & =giv5ess ent]$ into ! orphan's s\l z he knelt1 sil5t1 unhe$$1 9 t d>k corn] ( ,god's h\se4 ,half an h\r aft] he slunk out aga9 into ! /reet1 feel+ bett]1 he knew n :y1 poor ignorant boy1 & only anxi\s to try to satisfy 8 task-mi/ress4 ,all ! ev5+ he w5t to & fro1 fill+ 8 basket f ! heaps ( rubbi% ?r[n into ! /reets z soon z night comes by ! num]\s inhabitants ( ,p>isian h\ses4 ,at la/1 :5 t5 o'clock _h /ruck f all ! *ur*-t[]s 9 ! qu>t]1 he aga9 climb$ to ! ?ird /ory4 ,! door 0 aj>1 he ent]$ s(tly1 & saw1 by ! light ( a gas-lamp t 0 on ! opposite side ( ! /reet1 ,pelagie ,vautr9 ly+ ext5d$ on h] b$1 & snor+ ! heavy sleep ( ! drunk>d4 ,he crept1 tir$ & hungry1 to 8 heap ( rags1 & soon happily =got = a few h\rs t he 0 mo!rless & fa!rless1 a little waif adrift on ! sea ( life4 ,?us pass$ & end$ ,m>cel's fir/ day ( labor4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,?us liv'd ! lad1 9 hung]1 p]il1 pa91 ,8 te>s despis'd1 8 supplications va94 444 ,/range t a frame s weak c\ld be> s long ,! grosse/ insult & ! f\le/ wrong2 ,b !re 7 causes4 ,crabbe4 #bei ,m>cel _h cont9u$ to ply ?is bus9ess = ! pr(it ( ,pelagie ,vautr9 ab\t two ye>s1 mo/ times half-/>v$1 & (ttimes beat51 & _h become "o ( ! quicke/-sight$ & quicke/-witt$ ( ! little rag-pick]s ( ,p>is1 :5 "o wet w9t]'s night1 z he pass$ ne> ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,bridge1 he put 8 foot on some?+ h>d4 ,to pick x up1 to see by ! ne>e/ gaslight t x 0 a co>se l95 bag1 conta9+ a quantity ( gold co91 0 ! "w ( a m9ute2 ! next saw him runn+ z if = de> life to ! (fice ( ! ,commiss>y ( ,police 9 ! ,rue des ,noy]s2 he knew ! place well by ! r$-glass lamp ov] ! door4 ,almo/ brea?less he h&$ 8 prize to ! wor?y magi/rate1 tell+ him at ! same "t :]e he _h f\nd x4 ,! commiss>y look$ into 8 little1 eag]1 intellig5t face :ile he told 8 /ory1 !n tak+ 8 h& k9dly1 ,y are a good boy1 said he1 &1 m>k my words1 y\r hone/y w br+ y good luck4 ,m>cel blu%$ ) pleasure & surprise to be prais$1 b /ood n]v\sly twirl+ 8 ragg$ cap r\nd & r\nd4 ,! man :o lo/ ! bag ( gold1 cont9u$ ! commiss>y1 0 "h half an h\r s9ce2 he is a poor cl]k1 & is 9 despair2 he is afraid ( go+ back to 8 employ]s to tell !m t he has lo/ _! money4 ,y h sav$ him & 8 poor wife & *ildr5 f mu* mis]y4 ,g1 y are a good boy2 b fir/ tell me y\r "n & :]e y live4 ,! *ild told him1 x 0 writt5 c>efully d[n1 & he !n w5t away happi] ?an he _h ev] be5 s9ce t dreadful day :5 he _h convulsively fa/5$ himself to 8 fa!r's dead body z x lay on ! b>ricade4 ,b z he approa*$ 8 mis]able home1 ?is happy feel+ decreas$2 & he began to ?9k ( :at ,pelagie w\ld say if %e knew :at he _h be5 do+4 ,to tell or n to tell1 t 0 ! "q1 & x 0 n yet decid$ :5 he op5$ ! door ( ! dismal room1 :]e ,pelagie1 drunk z usual1 0 mak+ h] prep>ations = go+ to b$4 ,& :]e d y come f1 vauri58 ask$ %e z he came 94 ,he did n reply2 he 0 n prep>$ ) a lie1 & he fe>$ to tell ! tru?4 ,pelagie1 accu/om$ to prompt & ready answ]s f h] victims1 turn$ r\nd & />$ at him1 surpris$ beyond measure at ?is unwont$ hesitation4 ,d y he>1 little bea/1 d y he>6 %e scream$ pres5tly4 ,:]e d y come f8 ,:y don't y answ] me8 ,& %e seiz$ him viol5tly by ! arm4 ,pray don't beat me6 said ! *ild implor+ly4 ,i w tell y4 ,z ,i 0 pass+ ov] ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,bridge1 ,i--,i f\nd--a bag-- ,a bag6 exclaim$ ,pelagie1 /ill hold+ him fa/4 ,a bag ( :at8 ,quick6 quick6 ,speak fa/]6 ,( gold1 :isp]$ ! *ild1 trembl+1 = he knew n[ t he %\ld suff] = :at he _h done4 ,( gold8 ( gold8 ,:]e is x8 ,give x to me6 ,& %e fumbl$ ab\t 8 little brea/1 z if %e ?\ght x mu/ be hidd5 !re4 ,i hav5't got x6 said ! boy1 ^: *eeks wax$ pal] & pal]1 b ^: blue eyes met h]s = once undaunt$ly4 ,i c>ri$ x to ! ,commiss>y ( ,police4 ,= "o mom5t ! drunk5 fury look$ at him sil5tly1 & !n bur/ =? 9 bitt] curses & bitt]] bl[s4 ,h>d & fa/ !y fell on ! "y head & t5d] face2 he 0 knock$ d[n & kick$ up aga9--hurl$ aga9/ ! wall--pu%$ into ! fire-place--& at la/ ?r[n ^u ! cranky table1 :i* fell ) s t]rible a cra% t ! noise =tunately br\ght up ! t5ants ( ! /ory b5ea? 9 "t to prev5t a murd]2 = x is too probable t w\ld h be5 ! end ( ?is frightful sc5e1 if no "o _h come to save poor ,m>cel4 #bfj ,madame1 ,madame ,vautr96 cri$ ,m4 ,poquet1 z he ru%$ into ! room1 foll[$ by 8 wife & a numb] ( ! neighbors1 :at is ! matt] "h8 ,pray1 be calm4 ,y've beat5 t *ild too mu*6 ,n[1 /op1 or ,i'll g = ! police4 ,& ! /rong man seiz$ ! furi\s woman 9 8 arms1 :ile 8 wife & "o or two o!r wom5 got hold ( ,m>cel & c>ri$ him d[n-/airs1 cov]$ ) blood & bruises1 to ! ,poquets' room4 ,cov]$ ) blood & bruises6 ,su* 0 ?is wret*$ *ild's rew>d = ! fir/ act ( probity he _h z yet f\nd an opportunity ( p]=m+6 ,be g5tle1 !n1 9 y\r judgm5t ( 8 future err+s4 ,o *ildr5 ( happi] =tunes6 ye :o are enc\rag$ 9 e g5]\s ?\ght & hone/ de$ by ! t5d] c>esses ( a "m & ! approv+ smiles ( a fa!r1 rememb] t he 0 an ignorant1 homeless orphan1 ^: fir/ good impulses 7 beat5 out ( him1 or /ifl$ by ! vici\s influ5ces :i* surr\nd$ him4 ,monsieur & ,madame ,poquet 7--x is a pity to be oblig$ to say x ( su* a k9d-he>t$ c\ple--no bett] ?an !y %\ld be1 r1 inde$1 f> worse4 ,m4 ,poquet call$ himself a cobbl]1 b few1 v few 7 ! boots or %oes t c\ld %[ trace ( 8 h&iwork4 ,talk+ politics 9 ! cab>et ,footnote #aae at ! corn]1 ) idl]s l himself1 seem$ to be 8 pr9cipal occupation2 b !re 7 rumors afloat t1 at night1 :5 hone/ m5 7 sleep+ peacefully 9 _! b$s1 he & 8 companions 7 dodg+ ! police1 & try+ to f9d ! money !y w\ld n "w =4 ,c]ta9 x is he g5]ally _h a =ty-s\s piece 9 8 pocket1 & few p knew h[ he got x4 ,footnote #aae3 ,w9e-%op4 ,madame ,poquet e>n$ or r ?iev$ h] liv+ z a femme de mnage ,footnote #aaf & a v good liv+ %e made too2 =1 n satisfi$ ) /uff+ h]self z full z %e c\ld ( victuals at h] employ]'s h\se1 %e regul>ly br\ght back e ev5+ 9 a great basket1 t 0 cont9ually susp5d$ at h] arm1 su* a supply ( *eese1 *>coal1 sug>1 g>lic1 bread1 cig>s1 cold meat1 & su* l1 t !re 0 n a bett] furni%$ cupbo>d nor bett] f$ *ildr5 ?an h]s 9 ! neighborhood4 ,footnote #aaf3 ,*>woman4 ,^! *ildr5 consi/$ ( a boy & a girl--,polyc>pe & ,l\l\--cunn+1 ready-witt$1 unpr9cipl$1 & idle4 ,nev] _h !y he>d a ^w ( tru?2 _! only tea*+ s9ce !y came into ! _w _h be5 to lie & /eal1 b l _! p>5ts !y 7 naturally m]ry & good-temp]$2 !y _h nev] be5 ill-treat$1 z *ildr5 g5]ally are among ! vici\s poor1 & !y 7 well-dispos$ to be g5]\s ) _! pilf]$ pl5ty4 ,su* 7 ! p :o _h rescu$ ! orphan f ,pelagie ,vautr9's murd]\s h&s1 & :o n[ wa%$ away ! blood f sev]al cuts on 8 head1 & appli$ su* rem$ies to 8 poor bruis$ limbs z !y 7 acqua9t$ )4 ,& ,madame ,poquet _h a k9d1 mo!rly way ) h] t com=t$ poor ,m>cel wond]fully1 & ,polyc>pe & ,l\l\ %[$ mu* sympa?y2 & at la/ he 0 put into b$ 7a dirty "o1 x is true1 b w>m7 ) ,polyc>pe2 & ! boy fell asleep happi]1 not)/&+ 8 a*es & pa9s1 ?an he _h be5 = _m a ye> ( 8 %ort life4 #bfa ,= ?ree :ole days ,m>cel rema9$ quietly ) ! ,poquets1 :o w\ld will+ly h kept him altoge!r1 & only hop$ t ,pelagie w\ld let ?+s be z !y 74 ,! f\r? morn+1 h[ev]1 br\ght a *ange4 ,sc>cely _h ,madame ,poquet tak5 h]self & h] great basket (f = h] day's "w & pilf]+1 & ,m4 ,poquet slunk (f a mom5t aft] to ! cab>et at ! corn]1 :5 ,madame ,vautr9 appe>$ sudd5ly be=e ! fright5$ eyes ( ! ?ree *ildr54 ,%e 0 sob]1 & 9 few words ord]$ ,m>cel to get 8 basket & hook & g to "w4 ,! trembl+ boy sil5tly obey$4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,alas6 reg>dless ( _! doom1 ,! little victims play6 ,no s5se h !y ( ills to come1 ,nor c>e beyond to-day4 ,yet see h[ all ar\nd !m wait ,! m9i/]s ( human fate ,& black mis=tune's baleful tra94 ,gray4 ,b ,polyc>pe ,poquet did n drop ! acqua9tance s well begun2 f> f x2 he seem$ to h become really atta*$ to ! pale1 weak *ild1 :o 0 ab\t a ye> y\ng] ?an himself1 & prov$ 8 fri5d%ip by becom+ a k9d ( amateur rag-pick] & help+ to fill ! dreadful basket & lea!rn bag t ,pelagie exact$ twice a day4 ,?is bus9ess f9i%$1 he w\ld lead (f ,m>cel 9 que/ ( amusem5t1 ) ! und]/ood int5tion also ( pick+ up a few s\s z he be/ c\ld1 & ,polyc>pe 0 n at all p>ticul>4 ,all 0 new to ,m>cel2 he _h nev] yet _h "t to /roll ?r\gh ! great ?or\ghf>es at ! h\rs :5 ! magnific5t %ops ( ,p>is display _! wond]ful m]*&ise to tempt ! luxuri\s ri*4 ,he _h n ev5 ev] cross$ ! bridges s9ce t fatal #bf? ( ,june1 #ahdh1 & knew no?+ ( beautiful ,p>is b ! n>r[ & busy /reets ( ! ,qu>ti] ,lat91 ! qu>t] ( ! great s*ools1 ( ! ,college ( ,france1 ! ,sorbonne1 & ! ,in/itute4 ,h[ wond]-/rick5 0 he ! day t ,polyc>pe conduct$ him to ! ,place de la ,concorde6 ,! sky 0 blue1 ! sun bright1 ! two beautiful f\nta9s 7 sp\t+ _! _m wat]s 9 fea!ry spray1 ! gr& old *e/nut-trees ( ! ,tuil]ies g>d5s 7 9 full bloom beh9d him1 palaces on ei!r side ( him1 & be=e him /ret*$ away ! magnific5t av5ue ( ! ,*amps ,elyses1 bord]$ by trees & fl[]s & grassy lawns1 & b\nd$ 9 ! f> di/ance by ! ,ar* ( ,triumph6 ,! boy's he>t swell$ )9 him1 = ! love ( ! beautiful 0 hidd5 9 x1 z well z ! s5se ( ! good & true1 & he c\ld n speak4 ,he _h nev] gaz$ be=e on s brilliant a sc5e1 & he c\ld f9d no words to express 8 feel+s4 ,polyc>pe und]/ood no?+ ( ?is sil5t admiration1 & aft] loit]+ a %ort "t ar\nd "s ( ! cafs among ! trees 9 ! av5ue1 propos$ go+ d[n on ! quay to look at ! riv]4 ,!y /opp$ = a glass ( br&y at ! ne>e/ cab>et--= ,m>cel _h le>nt ?is dreadful habit f 8 fri5d1 :o _h be5 accu/om$ to tipple f 8 v bir?--& !n1 ready = any mis*ief1 desc5d$ to ! riv]'s side4 ,an old lady 0 /&+ !re1 gaz+ at ! swift-fl[+ wat]1 z if %e 7 long+ to ?r[ into x a v apoplectic-look+ little dog %e held by a /r+4 ,m>cel1 ,m>cel1 :isp]$ ,polyc>pe1 ,i'm go+ to h "s fun ) t old woman4 ,i'll squeeze "s s\s out ( h]1 y see if ,i don't6 #bfb ,he />t$ (f runn+ z he spoke1 !n sudd5ly /opp$ close to ! dog4 ,:at a love ( a dog6 cri$ he 9 app>5t ec/asy4 ,i nev] saw a pretti] little animal 9 my life6 ,:at k9d ( a dog d y call t1 madam8 ,x is a ,scot* dog1 my "y fri5d1 repli$ ! old lady1 evid5tly mu* flatt]$2 y h v good ta/e1 = he is really a v pretty creature4 ,he is a love6 ejaculat$ ,polyc>pe4 ,i h br\ght him "h = a ba?1 cont9u$ ! old lady4 ,i ?9k t x w\ld d him good if he w\ld swim a little4 ,t x w\ld1 madam1 answ]$ ,polyc>pe1 /rok+ & kiss+ ! fat1 :eezy little animal2 b x w\ld be well to give him a little rubb+ fir/2 8 sk9 is r dirty1 ,i p]ceive1 madam1 on look+ close4 ,i'll wa% him = y1 if y l4 ,i'm us$ to wa%+ dogs4 ,i wa% my "m's dog e ,saturday1 madam4 ,really6 said ! old lady4 ,well1 ,i %\ld be glad to give ,zozor a good wa%+1 b ,i'm afraid he's difficult2 he don't l x2 he nev] did4 ,t's no?+1 madam4 ,julius ,caes>--t's my "m's dog-- don't l x1 b he's oblig$ to1 = x's = 8 good4 ,y %\ld j see ,julius ,caes> :5 ,i've wa%$ & dress$ him6 ,he's p]fectly beautiful6 ,he's a poodle1 q :ite1 & ,i've cut 8 coat s t he has a fl\nce r\nd ea* ankle1 ?ree r[s ( fr+e on 8 hips1 a f9e b&elet on 8 side1 a frill on 8 *e/1 & a magnific5t tassel at ! end ( 8 tail4 ,he mu/ be v h&some1 rem>k$ ! old lady1 :o _h li/5$ ) mu* int]e/ to ?is description4 ,he is1 madam4 ,my "m says no "o c dress a dog bett] ?an ,i c4 ,s ,i'll wa% ,zozor1 if y l2 ,i'll n hurt him 9 ! lea/4 ,y're v k9d1 inde$1 said ! old lady4 ,i really %all be v mu* oblig$ to y4 ,n[ !n1 ,zozor1 don't be naughty2 x w d y good1 ,zozor4 ,s say+1 ! tru/ful old lady undid ! /r+ atta*$ to h] pet's coll>1 & deliv]$ ! victim into ! hypocrite's h&s4 ,9 an in/ant ! wret*$ little creature 0 sme>$ f head to tail ) a villan\s comp\nd ( black soap & soot t ,polyc>pe drew f "o ( 8 dirty pockets4 ,! poor animal h[l$ dismally z 8 torm5tor daub$ him all ov]1 & m vehem5tly /ill :5 8 eyes1 nose1 & m\? 7 cramm$ ) ! na/y1 /++ mixture4 ,n[1 madam1 said ,polyc>pe1 :5 ! poor bea/ 0 well pla/]$ & utt]ly unrecognizable1 t's ! fir/ op]ation2 & if y want me to g on1 & wa% x (f1 my *>ge is =ty s\s1 paid 9 advance4 ,i nev] give cr$it3 x's a bad sy/em2 ,i've le>nt t by exp]i5ce4 ,y wick$ boy6 scream$ ! old lady1 y little impo/or6 y've kill$ my poor ,zozor6 ,! unlucky pet 0 roll+ himself 9 ! mud1 9 an agony ( pa94 ,y cruel1 wick$ boy6 ,oh6 :at %all ,i d8 :at %all ,i d8 ,:y1 y've only to pay me ! =ty s\s1 said ,polyc>pe1 :o /ood calmly contemplat+ ! contortions ( 8 victim1 & ,i'll cont9ue my op]ations4 ,=ty s\s is n de>1 madam1 especially z ,i provide ! soap4 #bfc ,! old lady1 unable to endure any long] ! sight ( h] d>l+'s suff]+s1 at la/ drew f h] purse a piece ( =ty s\s1 & put x into ! out/ret*$ palm ( ! "y scamp1 :o no soon] _h clos$ 8 dirty f+]s on ! co9 ?an he bur/ into an insult+ laugh & took to 8 heels1 leav+ ,zozor's mi/ress in>ticulate ) a/oni%m5t & rage4 ,m>cel _h /ood a little di/ance (f :ile ?is sc5e 0 enact+4 ,at fir/ he laugh$2 b :5 he saw h[ mu* ! poor dog suff]$1 ! innate humanity ( 8 nature 0 awak5$1 & z soon z 8 fri5d _h disappe>$ he approa*$ ! yell+ animal1 &1 ) mu* difficulty & no little dang] ( be+ bitt51 manag$ to seize him by ! nape ( ! neck & ?r[ him into ! wat]4 ,! mis]able animal /ruggl$ desp]ately1 & s got rid ( a great "p ( ! soap & soot2 ) ! help ( a boatman :o _h come up j 9 "t1 ,m>cel got him out aga91 &1 aft] a little rubb+ & r9s+1 re/or$ him to 8 weep+ mi/ress1 clean1 b ) blood-%ot eyes & inflam$ no/rils1 & c]ta9ly v mu* ! worse = 8 adv5ture4 ,! poor lady 0 pr(use 9 h] ?anks4 ,y h sav$ 8 life1 %e cri$2 ,i %all be et]nally grateful to y2 ,i w nev] =get y6 ,& %e press$ h] dripp+ d>l+ to h] he>t1 :ile %e ha/ily climb$ ! /eep t l$ f ! riv]'s side to ! quay above4 ,m>cel foll[$ :5 %e 0 out ( sight1 & soon p]ceiv$ ,polyc>pe wait+ = him1 & half-hidd5 beh9d "o ( ! kiosks on ! sidewalk 9 :i* newspap]s are sold 9 ,p>is4 ,s y wa%$ t old woman's little mon/]6 cri$ he1 z soon z he saw ,m>cel4 ,y ne$n't h done t4 ,"h ,i've be5 wait+ = y to g to ,"m ,crapaud's = a real bl[-out4 ,come along1 n[1 ,i'm z hungry z a wolf4 ,did y ev] see an old woman s nicely done8 ,o my eye6 poor ,zozor6 wasn't he well soap$8 ,*apt] ,v4 ,let n ,ambition mock _! humble toil1 ,_! vulg> crimes & villany obscure2 ,nor ri* folks he> ) a disda9ful smile ,! l[ & petty knav]ies ( ! poor4 ,! titl$ villa9 & ! ?ief ( p[]1 ,! greate/ rogue t ev] bore a "n1 ,awaits alike ! inevitable h\r3 ,! pa?s ( wick$ness b lead to %ame4 ,p>ody ,on ,gray's ,elegy4 ,polyc>pe's favorite d9+-saloon1 ! g>gote1 or eat+-h\se1 ( ! ,mre ,crapaud1 0 situat$ 9 ! ,rue de la ,hu*ette1 "o ( ! n>r[e/1 d>ke/1 & dirtie/ ( ! old /reets ( ,p>is4 ,x 0 a l>ge1 l[ room1 op5+ f ! /reet2 ! :ole l5g? ( "o side ( x 0 tak5 up by f\r great furnaces :i* cook$ ! cont5ts ( ! f\r great m>mites1 or boil]s1 t 7 con/antly susp5d$ ov] !m4 ,! cont5ts ( ?ree ( ^! m>mites consi/$ ( beef-s\p1 flavor$ ) c>rots1 turnips1 cabbage1 onions1 & g>lic4 ,! f\r? g5]ally conta9$ /ew$ beans1 a favorite accompanim5t to ! boil$ beef4 ,a k9d ( c\nt]1 on :i* /ood baskets ( cut bread & b[ls ( salad1 sep>at$ ! furnaces & m>mites f ! o!r "p ( ! room1 :i* 0 furni%$ ) tables ( six places ea*1 & b5*es1 all pa9t$ d>k gre54 ,! place 0 smoky & grimy1 & n r5d]$ pleasant] by ! pres5ce ( ! ,mre ,crapaud h]self1 an enorm\sly fat1 ble>-ey$ old woman1 possess$ ( a mo/ abusive tongue4 ,inde$1 %e w\ld h seem$ bett] fitt$ to drive away ?an to attract cu/om]s4 ,! ,mre ,crapaud1 h[ev]1 0 v popul>1 & ) good reason2 = n only 7 h] beef & s\p ! v be/ t c\ld be b\ght = ! money1 b %e also c\ld be dep5d$ on 9 critical mom5ts1 :5 ^? :om %e recogniz$ z regul> cu/om]s 7 9 difficulties ) ! au?orities4 #bfd ,fifte5 or sixte5 cu/om]s1 ( all ages & ( bo? sexes1 7 seat$ at ! tables :5 ! two boys ent]$1 & ! ,mre ,crapaud1 br&i%+ ! great spoon ) :i* %e measur$ h] s\p1 0 busy beh9d ! c\nt]1 assi/$ by two p]spir+ m>mitons4 ,footnote #aag ,footnote #aag3 ,scullions4 ,bonj\r1 la mre1 said ,polyc>pe1 z he ent]$ ) ! ease & swagg] ( a well-kn[n & favor$ gue/2 h[ goes x ) y8 ,bonj\r1 mauvais sujet1 return$ ! ho/ess2 :at br+s y "h1 to-day8 ,well1 ,i foll[$ my nose1 good "m1 :i* 0 attract$ by ! smell ( y\r b\illon & beef1 & br\ght me /raight "h4 ,p]mit me to pres5t my fri5d ,m4 ,m>cel1 a "y g5tleman :o is z yet unacqua9t$ ) ! my/]ies ( y\r m>mites4 ,my/]ies6 :at d y mean by t1 y little polisson8 ,!re are no my/]ies 9 my s\p-pots2 good beef & good vegetables2 f9d any bett] if y c4 ,:y1 ,i "k ,i c't1 ,"m ,crapaud1 & t's :y ,i've come4 ,i don't int5d runn+ up a score = y1 ,m4 ,polyc>pe1 ,i c tell y2 s cle> out1 y & y\r fri5d1 if y've no?+ to pay )4 ,b ,i h1 ,"m ,crapaud4 ,i'm a millionaire to-day1 or v ne>ly s1 & s ,i'm go+ to treat my fri5d & myself to two s\s apiece ( s\p1 & we'll see pres5tly if y c give me *ange = ?is4 ,& he toss$ up into ! air & caught aga9 ! silv] piece he _h extort$ f poor ,zozor's mi/ress4 ,! boys !n seat$ !mselves at "o ( ! tables1 & 7 pres5tly s]v$ ) a b[l ( good b\illon & a hunk ( bread4 ,n[ = a slice ( fat beef1 la mre1 said ,polyc>pe1 :5 ! s\p _h disappe>$2 six s\s' wor? w be en\gh = u two1 & two s\s ea* ( /ew$ beans4 ,:at a cram6 isn't x1 ,m>cel8 ,m>cel did inde$ l 8 good hot d9n]4 ,poor fell[6 x 0 only :5 ,polyc>pe treat$ him t he knew :at x 0 to eat 8 fill4 ,no consci5ti\s scruples prev5t$ 8 full enjoym5t ( ! pres5t4 ,consci5ce1 t mirror ( ! s\l1 :i* nev] flatt]s1 nev] deceives1 0 veil$ 9 him by ! ?ick mi/s ( ignorance1 & ! only k9dnesses he ev] receiv$ 7 f ! h&s ( ?ieves4 ,!y 7 f9i%+ _! beef & beans :5 two big1 r\gh boys1 dress$ 9 dirty blue bl\ses & dirti] tr\s]s ( "s nondescript color1 ru%$ into ! g>gote & bell[$ = some?+ to eat4 ,?r[+ !mselves on ! b5* opposite to t on :i* ,polyc>pe & ,m>cel 7 seat$1 !y comm5c$ a s]ies ( contortions1 elb[ nudges1 :isp]s1 & l\d guffaws1 :i* 7 only /opp$ by ! arrival ( _! victuals4 ,! eld] ( ! two pres5tly look$ up1 &1 cat*+ ,polyc>pe's fix$ gaze1 aft] a mom5t's hesitation exclaim$1 ,well1 yes6 'tis y1 ,polyc>pe6 ,i ?\ght ,i rememb]$ y\r face4 ,i'm glad to meet y2 y're a good "o1 ,i "k4 ,polyc>pe 0 evid5tly mu* flatt]$ by ?is recognition4 ,i ?\ght ,i knew y\r face too1 z soon z y sat d[n1 ,gugu/e1 b y 7 s full ( fun t ,i w\ldn't int]rupt y4 #bfe ,i'll make y laugh pres5tly1 repli$ ,gugu/e1 bur/+ out afre%1 z did 8 companion also4 ,i'll tell y some?+ t'll tickle y4 ,come n[1 /op y\r noise1 he cont9u$ to 8 fri5d1 :o wriggl$ & *ok$ 9 a convulsion ( m]rim5t1 or ,i'll pun* y quiet4 ,i'll tell y1 ,polyc>pe1 :5 ,i've put ?is plateful away4 ,my eyes1 :at fun6 ,s say+1 he & 8 fri5d fell to aga91 & _h soon f9i%$ bo? beef & beans4 ,:5 ! plates 7 empty1 ,gugu/e lean$ 8 two elb[s on ! table & took brea?4 ,t matt] be+ happily f9i%$1 said he pres5tly1 ,i'll tell y ! o!r2 x's a joke1 a real good joke1 9 my op9ion2 :at old ,gorgibus ! %oemak] calls x1 is ano!r ?+4 ,:at d y ?9k he calls x1 eh6 ,t\ton8 ,a riddle1 p]haps4 ,ha1 ha1 a riddle6 ,8 fri5d ,t\ton twi/$ & wriggl$ & giggl$ s he>tily at ?is idea1 t he fell (f ! b5* 9 8 ec/asy4 ,:at a fell[ y are = fun6 exclaim$ ,gugu/e1 pull+ him up2 b really ,i don't wond] at y1 to-day6 ,y mu/ "k1 ,poly1 t ,i hav5't _h a %oe to my feet t 0 dec5t = an age1 & y'll agree t t 0 uncom=table & unpleasant1 n to say inconv5i5t1 especially = a man ( bus9ess l myself--ha1 ha6 ,s :5 ,i got up1 ?is morn+1 ,i said to myself--:ile ,i %av$1 y "k1 ha1 ha1 ha6--t ,i really mu/ f9d "s k9d ( cov]+ = my trott]s4 ,b :]e8 ,t 0 ! "q4 ,s1 to settle x1 ,t\ton & ,i /roll$ ab\t ! /reets until we f\nd ourselves pretty f> 9 ! ,rue ,/4 ,anto9e4 ,:at %\ld we come ^u all at once b a %oe-%op1 & !re 9 ! w9d[ ! v k9d ( %oes t suit$ my ta/e4 ,gorgibus 0 ! "n ov] ! door4 ,i %all always rememb] x2 %a'n't y1 ,t\ton8 ,don't speak to me1 ,gugu/e2 ,i %all bur/ ) laugh+1 repli$ ,t\ton4 ,poor old ,gorgibus1 at ! sign ( holy ,sa9t ,crisp96 ,oh6 don't we owe him a c&le1 ,gugu/e8 ,t we d1 ,t\ton1 & y %all g to ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,sev]91 x's close by1 & pay x to ! good sa9t6 ,n n[1 ,gugu/e4 ,g on ) ! /ory1 d2 ,i want to "k h[ y got y\r %oes1 cri$ ,polyc>pe4 ,well1 !n1 cont9u$ ! "y reprobate1 ,t\ton & ,i consult$ toge!r = a m9ute1 & !n 9 we w5t4 ',i want a good pair ( %oes1 monsieur1' said ,i v politely4 ',i'm j go+ z cl]k to a not>y1 & ,i mu/ be well %od4 ,:at is ! price ( ?is pair8' ,t5 francs1' said he4 ,s ,i put my h& 9 my pocket & pull$ out my ca%1 & c\nt$ x ov] ) him1 & ,i _h j n9e francs4 ',t's all ,i h1' said ,i1 putt+ ! money back aga9 into my pocket2 'w y give !m to me = n9e francs1 if !y fit me8' ',well1 yes1 ,i w1 my boy1' said ! old fell[ good-natur$ly4 ,^u t ,i sat d[n & put on bo? %oes2 !y w5t on l gloves1 s com=table1 y h no idea6 ,!n said ,i1 ',n[1 let me see if no?+ hurts :5 ,i walk2' s ,i walk$ up & d[n ! %op1 old ,gorgibus /&+ by admir+ ! fit1 :51 j z ,i 0 pass+ ne> ! door1 ?is great vauri5 ( a ,t\ton gave me a pun* 9 ! nose6 ,ha1 ha1 ha6 scream$ ,t\ton1 unable any long] to re/ra9 himself1 h[ ,i cut up ! /reet :5 ,i'd done x6 & ,gugu/e cri$1 ',/op1 y rascal1 ,i'll make y pay = t6' ,& he ran & ,i ran1 & old ,gorgibus look$ aft] u & laugh$ till he cri$1 & he's cry+ /ill v likely6--ha1 ha1 ha6--& wait+ = ,gugu/e to come back & pay = ! %oes6 ,ha1 ha1 ha6 #bff ,ha1 ha1 ha6 e*o$ ! li/5]s4 ,& !n ! neighbors1 cont9u$ ,gugu/e1 wip+ 8 eyes1 came to _! doors1 & kept call+ out1 ',he'll cat* him1 he'll cat* him6' ,o ,"l6 :at fun6 ,& :at a capital pair ( %oes6 ,& ! scamp put a foot on ! table to %[ 8 prize1 :ile ! num]\s cu/om]s ar\nd :o _h ov]he>d ! /ory applaud$ him ) en?usiasm4 ,excit$ by ! univ]sal admiration1 ,gugu/e n[ invit$ ! two boys to accompany him & 8 fri5d to ! cab>et at ! corn] ( ! /reet to take a glass1 an invitation mo/ will+ly accept$4 ,! f\r un=tunate *ildr5 accord+ly1 aft] pay+ = _! d9n]s1 adj\rn$ to ! w9e-%op1 :]e1 9 ! society ( bad m5 & worse wom51 !y 7 initiat$ /ill deep] into ! my/]ies & ! practice ( crime4 ,poor ,m>cel6 poor little orphan6 ,to ,be ,cont9u$4 ---------- ,treatise ,on ,purgatory4 ,footnote #aah ,by ,sa9t ,ca?>9e ,( ,g5oa4 ,footnote #aah3 ,! mon? ( ,novemb] is usually set ap>t by pi\s ,ca?olics = commemoration ( ! s\ls 9 purgatory1 & = pray]s & (f]+s 9 _! behalf4 ,z specially befitt+ ! season1 !re=e1 we republi% anew ! beautiful ,treatise on ,purgatory by ,/4 ,ca?>9e ( ,g5oa1 ) ! above prefatory rem>ks by ! translator4 ,!re h be5 sev]al translations ( ! treatise h]et(ore publi%$1 & x might seem a ne$less "w to give ano!r4 ,b besides its appropriat5ess to ! season1 & t _m w read x 9 ! pages ( ,! ,ca?olic ,_w :o might n else:]e see x1 ! new translation we n[ give has special m]its ( its own :i* w ju/ify its publication4--,,ed4 ,c4 ,w4 ,:5 ! gates ( purgatory op5$ to ,dante & 8 companion ) awful ?und]\s ro>1 he he>d m+l+ ) ! s\nd a *orus ( voices--,we praise !e1 ,o ,god6--ris+ & fad+ away l a solemn *ant & s\nd ( ! organ "u ! ar*es ( "s va/ ca!dral4 ,& aft]w>d1 :ile pursu+ _! j\rney1 !y felt ! :ole m\nta9 ( purgatory tremble4 ,a %\t arose--,glory be to ,god 9 ! ,highe/6--swell$ by ! voice ( e suff]+ s\l 9 t va/ realm4 ,x 0 ! expression ( univ]sal1 unselfi% joy ov] ! deliv]ance ( "o s\l f its b\nds4 ,su* are ! tones t r+ all ?r\gh ! ,treatise on ,purgatory by ,/4 ,ca?>9e ( ,g5oa--full ( praise1 ( holy joy1 & ( unselfi% love4 ,x ought to be read b5ea? ! mild eyes ( ! ,madonna 9 "s old *ur*1 to ! s\nd ( solemn music4 ,if y d n meet 9 x ! dazzl+ angels ( ! great ,flor5t9e poet1 y feel _! pres5ce1 & y rejoice l him 9 ! nooks ( beauty :]e spr+ sweet1 pale fl[]s ( p5it5ce1 refre%$ by ! fragrant dews ( ,god's m]cy4 ,! pati5t1 sil5t suff]+ ( ! tri$ s\ls %e describes1 :i* are liv+ on ! glimpse !y _h ( ! div9e ,spl5dor at ! mom5t ( dea?1 is full ( eloqu5ce4 ,!y suff] int5sely1 b peace & joy rise above pa91 z 9 ! beautiful bay ( ,spezia1 we are told1 ! sweet wat] rises up out ( ! salt & bitt] sea4 #bfg ,:ile read+ ?is production ( g5ius & ( inspiration1 we no long] %r9k f t d>k region1 light$ up1 z x is1 by rays ( ,god's wond]ful goodness4 ,) ,/4 ,ca?>9e1 we reg>d x z a provision ( great m]cy :i* ! s\l gladly avails itself ( z a means ( purification1 :i* w fit x = ! awful pres5ce ( him 9 ^: sight ! v />s are n pure--a pres5ce ! s\l c\ld n endure till x _h purg$ ! _w's gross d>kness (f4 ,z ,fab] says1 ,! mom5t t 9 8 sight x p]ceives its own unfitness = heav51 x w+s its volunt>y flight to purgatory1 l a dove to h] prop] ne/ 9 ! %ades ( ! =e/4 ,x cries3 ,take me away1 & 9 ! l[e/ deep ,!re let me be1 ,& !re 9 hope ! lone night-wat*es keep1 ,told out = me4 ,!re1 motionless & happy 9 my pa91 ,lone1 n =lorn1 ,!re w ,i s+ my sad p]petual /ra91 ,until ! morn4 ,!re w ,i s+1 & soo! my /rick5 brea/1 ,:i* ne'er c cease ,to ?rob1 & p9e1 & langui%1 till possess$ ,( its sole peace4 ,!re w ,i s+ my abs5t ,"l & ,love3-- ,take me away1 ,t soon] ,i may rise1 & g above1 ,& see him 9 ! tru? ( ev]la/+ day4 ,footnote #aai ,footnote #aai3 ,dream ( ,g]ontius1 by ,fa!r ,newman4 ,m4 le ,vicomte de ,bussi]re1 9 writ+ ( ?is treatise1 says3 ,b is ! /ate describ$ by ! sa9t t ( all ! s\ls deta9$ by div9e ju/ice 9 ?is place ( expiation8 ,! reply to ?is "q requires "s prelim9>y obs]vations4 ,! dogma ( ! *ur* respect+ purgatory is v brief4 ,! ,holy ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t is satisfi$ ) decl>+ t !re is a purgatory1 & t ! s\ls !re9 deta9$ are help$ by ! suffrages ( ! fai?ful4 ,! *ur* does n def9e ! nature ( ! suff]+s endur$ !re1 b ?is is our idea ( !m3 ,?is _w is a place ( probation4 ,9 x are prep>$ ! mat]ials = ! con/ruction ( ! ,new ,j]usalem4 ,n only /ones are want$ = its walls1 b jewels = its decoration4 ,diamonds are n cut 9 ! same mann] z common /ones4 ,!nce we c p]ceive ! necessity ( diff]5t ways ( prep>+ ! righte\s = a high] /ate ( exi/5ce4 ,! place ea* "o w occupy 9 heav5 is irrevocably fix$ at ! mom5t ( dea?1 b1 be=e tak+ possession ( x1 he mu/ h ! highe/ poli% ( :i* he is susceptible1 & be )\t any defect or /a94 ,take two p]sons :o are ent]+ purgatory4 ,"o has pass$ 8 life 9 gross s5sual pleasures1 b absolution ) ! necess>y dispositions has re/or$ him to ! pa?s ( righte\sness2 ! o!r has always liv$ 9 innoc5ce & 9 ! close/ union ) ,god1 b slight imp]fections deprive him = a "t ( ! beatific vision4 ,%all x be said t ! mann] ( purify+ ^! two s\ls is ! same1 & t _! purgatory only diff]s 9 po9t ( duration8 ,x does n seem probable4 ,we d n use ! same means = remov+ a /a9 f a g>m5t t we %\ld = a p>ticle ( du/ on a poli%$ mirror4 ,?is explanation w bett] enable u to und]/& ,/4 ,ca?>9e's treatise4 ,mo/ ,*ri/ians believe !re are s5sible pa9s 9 purgatory4 ,x is ! view commonly tak5 ( t /ate by our prea*]s4 ,our sa9t does n contradict ?is op9ion4 ,%e speaks ( a special purification = c]ta9 s\ls1 b )\t exclud+ any4 ,! s\l 9 "q 9 h] treatise is a diamond already cut ) wond]ful exactness1 & f :i* ! ,div9e ,arti/ is remov+ ! la/ /a9 be=e plac+ x among 8 *oice/ jewels4 #bfh ,fab] says !re are two views ( purgatory prevail+ among ,*ri/ians1 indicative ( ! peculi> tone ( ! m9d ( ^? :o h embrac$ !m4 ,"o is1 t x is a place ( s5sible torture1 :]e ! lea/ pa9 is great] ?an all ! pa9s ( e>? put toge!r--an intol]able prison-h\se1 full ( wail+ & horror2 visit$ by angels1 inde$1 b only z ! in/rum5ts ( ,god's awful ju/ice4 ,! _s ( ?is view is a horror ( (f5d+ ,almighty ,god1 a habitual trembl+ be=e 8 judgm5ts1 & a great desire = bodily au/]ities4 ,! second view does n d5y any ( ^! features1 b x gives m prom95ce to o!r consid]ations4 ,! _s ( ?is view is love1 an extreme desire t ,god %\ld n be (f5d$1 & a ye>n+ = ! int]e/s ( ,jesus4 ,x is n s mu* a "q ( selfi% consid]ation ) ! s\l1 z ( ,god's w & glory4 ,its sweet prison1 its holy sepul*re1 is 9 ! adorable w ( its ,heav5ly ,fa!r1 & !re x abides ! t]m ( its purification ) ! mo/ p]fect cont5tm5t & ! mo/ unutt]able love4 ,9 %ort1 ?is second view is t ( ,/4 ,ca?>9e ( ,g5oa1 :i* comes home to our he>ts1 z we read h] treatise1 ) joyful conviction--giv+ new conceptions ( t holy realm ( pa94 ,?is treatise is n ! production ( human vanity4 ,/4 ,ca?>9e only wrote by ! express wi% ( h] spiritual director1 :o fa?om$ h] g5ius & knew h] famili>ity ) ! secrets ( ! ,mo/ ,high4 ,x is1 9 ! e/imation ( judges ( ! highe/ au?ority1 "o ( ! mo/ a/oni%+ & admirable productions ( my/ical !ology1 says ,m4 de ,bussi]re4 ,& x has be5 approv$ ( by ! ,holy ,see1 & by ! ,sacr$ ,congregation ( ,rites4 ,x 0 "o ( ! favorite books ( ,/4 ,francis de ,sales1 ) ^: _s x is s greatly 9 h>mony1 & he calls ! au?oress a s]aph4 ,& ,fab] /yles h]1 ,! ,great ,doctress ( ,purgatory4 ,/4 ,ca?>9e 0 contempor>y ) ,*ri/oph] ,columbus1 be+ born a few ye>s lat] 9 ! same city4 ,& %e 0 ! gr&-niece ( ,pope ,innoc5t ,,iv41 :o fir/ gave1 au?oritatively1 ! "n ( ,purgatory to ! ,int]m$iate ,/ate1 & :o 01 l h]1 ( ! noble h\se ( ! ,fies*i4 ,! ,fr5* au?or s (t5 quot$ says3 ,!re are _m expressions 9 ?is "w to :i* a =c$ mean+ is n to be giv54 ,/4 ,ca?>9e repres5ts a s\l z /rictly unit$ to ,god z x c be )\t be+ absorb$ 9 ! div9ity4 ,b %e does n annihilate individuality4 ,%e does n tea* pan!ism4 ,%e only expresses ! doctr9e ( ,/4 ,paul1 ',9 ipso vivimus1 et movemur1 et sumus3' ',9 him we live1 & we move1 & we are4' ,h[ %e makes u long = t union1 & welcome all t ha/5s x6 ,we w\ld jo9 ) all our e>?-worn he>t 9 t liturgy ( hall[$ pa94 ,o _w6 we cry ) ,fab]--,o we>y1 clamor\s1 s9ful _w6 :o w\ld n break away1 if he c\ld1 l an uncag$ dove1 f ?y p]il\s toils & unsafe pilgrimage1 & fly ) joy to ! l[e/ place 9 t mo/ pure1 mo/ safe1 mo/ holy l& ( suff]+ & ( s9less love8 7,hector ,v]naccia1 :o fir/ publi%$ ! works ( ,/4 ,ca?>9e ( ,g5oa1 wrote ! foll[+ preface to h] ,treatise on ,purgatory37 #bfi ,! s\l ( ,ca?>9e1 /ill clad 9 ! fle%1 0 plung$ 9 ! furnace ( ,god's ard5t love1 :i* consum$ & purifi$ h] f e imp]fection1 s t at ! end ( h] life %e 0 fitt$ to pass at once into ! pres5ce ( ,god1 ! only object ( h] affection4 ,?is int]ior fire made h] compreh5d t ! s\ls 9 purgatory are plac$ !re to be purifi$ f ! ru/ & /a9 ( ! s9s :i* !y _h n expiat$ on e>?4 ,swall[$ up 9 ?is div9e & purg+ fire1 %e acquiesc$ 9 ! w ( ,god1 rejoic+ 9 all 8 love wr\ght 9 h]2 %e cle>ly und]/ood :at mu/ be ! /ate ( ! s\ls 9 purgatory1 & ?us wrote !re(3 ,*apt] ,i4 ,/ate ,( ,! ,s\ls ,9 ,purgatory-- ,!y ,are ,dive/$ ,( ,all ,self-love4 ,! s\ls :i* are conf9$ 9 purgatory1 z x is giv5 me to und]/&1 c wi% = no o!r dwell+-place ?an t :]e9 ,god ha? ju/ly plac$ !m4 ,!y h no long] ! p[] ( review+ _! pa/ lives4 ,nor c !y say3 ,i des]ve to rema9 "h = su* & su* s9s4 ,w\ld t ,i _h n committ$ !m6 ,!n %\ld ,i be p>ticipat+ 9 ! joys ( heav54 ,nei!r c !y comp>e ! duration ( _! puni%m5t ) t ( o!rs4 ,!y h nei!r 9 good nor evil any remembrance :i* aggravates _! pa9s1 n ev5 respect+ o!rs2 b !y feel a great satisfaction 9 be+ at ! disposal ( ,god1 :o doe? all t seeme? to him good1 & z x please? him1 s t 9 _! greate/ suff]+s !y _c ?9k ( !mselves4 ,!y reg>d only ! goodness ( ,god1 ^: inf9ite m]cy w\ld draw all m5 to himself4 ,!y anticipate nei!r ! pa9 nor ! solace t may be _! portion3 if !y c\ld1 !y w\ld n be 9 a /ate ( pure love4 ,nor d !y see t !y are suff]+ 9 puni%m5t ( _! s9s4 ,!y _c reta9 su* a view 9 _! m9ds1 = t w\ld be an active imp]fection1 & impossible 9 a place :]e !re is no actual s94 ,only once1 at ! mom5t ( quitt+ ?is _w1 d !y see ! cause ( purgatory :i* !y h 9 !mselves1 b nev] aft]w>d1 or !re w\ld be "s selfi% consid]ation4 ,be+ 9 a /ate ( pure love1 f :i* !y _c deviate by actual fault1 !y c only w & desire :at is con=mable to t pure love4 ,= 9 ! flames ( purgatory !y are "u ! div9e ord9ance & w2 t is to say1 9 t /ate ( pure *>ity f :i* !y c no long] be sep>at$ by any cause :atev]1 because x is z impossible = !m to commit actual s9 z x is to acquire actual m]it4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,( ,! ,joy ,( ,! ,s\ls ,9 ,purgatory-- ,comp>ison ,:i* ,%[s ,h[ ,^! ,s\ls ,behold ,god ,m ,& ,m ,cle>ly-- ,difficulty ,( ,describ+ ,?is ,/ate4 ,i d n believe t !re c be any peace comp>able to t felt by ! s\ls 9 purgatory1 unless t ( ! sa9ts 9 p>adise4 ,& ea* day ?is peace increases by ! influ5ce :i* ,god ex]cises ov] ! s\l4 ,x increases 9 proportion z ! imp$im5t to t influ5ce is consum$4 #bgj ,?is imp$im5t is no?+ else ?an ! ru/ ( s94 ,! fire consum+ ! ru/1 ! s\l is m & m expos$ to ! div9e influ5ce4 ,an object :i* is cov]$ _c correspond to ! rev]b]ation ( ! sun's rays2 n by any fault ( ! sun1 :i* ceases n to %9e1 b because ( ! cov]+ on ! object4 ,if t be consum$1 ! object b5ea? is laid op5 to ! sun2 & ! m completely ! cov]+ is consum$1 ! m p]fect ! rev]b]ation4 ,s ! fire ( purgatory we>s away ! ru/ ( s9 :i* cov]s ! s\l1 expos+ x to ,god--! true sun--9 proportion to its purity1 &1 9 ! same proportion1 increas+ its peace4 ,s t its happ9ess goes on increas+ & ! ru/ we>+ away till ! "t be fully accompli%$4 ,! pa9 :i* results f ! desire ( behold+ ,god does n dim9i%1 b ! "t ( its duration does4 ,z to _! w1 ^! s\ls c nev] say _! pa9s are pa9s1 s satisfi$ are !y ) ! w ( ,god1 ) :i* _! w is unit$ 9 pure/ love4 ,on ! o!r h&1 nev]!less1 !y endure a torm5t s extreme t no tongue c depict x--no und]/&+ grasp ! lea/ compreh5sion ( x1 unless by a special grace f ,god4 ,he has giv5 me "s idea ( x1 b ,i _c well express x4 ,:at ! ,"l has reveal$ to me has always rema9$ impr9t$ on my m9d4 ,i w relate :at ,i c ( x4 ,!y w und]/& me to :om ,god give? ! intellig5ce4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,sep>ation ,f ,god ,! ,greate/ ,torm5t ,( ,purgatory-- ,:]e9 ,purgatory ,diff]s ,f ,hell4 ,all pa9 is ! consequ5ce ( orig9al or actual s94 ,god creat$ ! s\l p]fectly pure1 & gave x a c]ta9 in/9ct = happ9ess :i* =ces x t[>d him z its true c5tre4 ,orig9al s9 enfeebles ?is in/9ct 9 ! s\l at ! beg9n+4 ,actual s9 dim9i%es x /ill m4 ,! m ?is in/9ct dim9i%es ! worse ! s\l becomes1 because ,god's grace to ! s\l is )drawn 9 proportion4 ,all goodness is only by p>ticipation 9 ! goodness ( ,god1 :i* is con/antly communicat$1 ev5 to ^? creatures :i* are depriv$ ( reason1 accord+ to 8 w & ord9ance4 ,z to ! s\l end[$ ) reason1 he communicates 8 grace to x 9 proportion z he f9ds x fre$ f ! ob/acle ( s94 ,consequ5tly1 :5 a guilty s\l recov]s 9 a measure its primitive purity1 its in/9ct = happ9ess also returns & increases ) su* impetuosity & s great an ardor ( love1 draw+ x to its *ief end1 t e ob/acle becomes to x an insupportable torm5t4 ,& ! m cle>ly x sees :at deta9s x f union ) ,god1 ! m excessive is its pa94 ,b ! s\ls 9 purgatory be+ fre$ f ! guilt ( s91 !re is no o!r imp$im5t betwe5 ,god & !m b ?is pa9 :i* prev5ts ! complete satisfaction ( _! in/9ct = happ9ess2 & !y see 9 ! cle>e/ mann] t ! lea/ imp$im5t delays ?is satisfaction by a necessity ( ju/ice3 !nce spr+s up a dev\r+ fire1 l to t ( hell1 except+ ! guilt4 ,?is guilt con/itutes ! malignant w ( ! damn$1 :i* obliges ,god to )hold 8 goodness f !m2 s !y rema9 9 a fix$ /ate ( despair & malignity1 ) a w :olly oppos$ to ! div9e w4 #bga ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,/ate ,( ,! ,s\l ,9 ,hell-- ,diff]5ce ,betwe5 ,x ,& ,t ,( ,! ,s\l ,9 ,purgatory-- ,reflections ,^u ,^? ,:o ,neglect ,! ,affairs ,( ,salvation4 ,x is1 !n1 cle> t ! p]v]se w ( man 9 revolt aga9/ ! w ( ,god con/itutes s91 & t ! guilt ( s9 _c be effac$ f ! s\l :ile x is "u ! dom9ion ( t evil w4 ,n[1 ! s\ls 9 hell dep>t$ ?is life ) a p]v]se w2 consequ5tly1 _! guilt has n be5 wa%$ away1 & n[ _c be1 because dea? has r5d]$ _! w un*angeable4 ,! s\l is = ev] fix$ 9 a /ate ( good or evil1 accord+ to ! disposition ( ! w at ! mom5t ( dea?4 ,:]e=e x is writt53 ,ubi te inv5]o1 t is to say1 ,:]ev] ,i f9d !e at ! h\r ( dea?--) a w to s9 or to rep5t ( s9--ibi te judicabo1 !re w ,i judge !e2 & f ?is judgm5t !re is no appeal1 because1 all fre$om ( *oice ceas+ ) life1 ! s\l mu/ rema9 unalt]ably fix$ 9 ! /ate 9 :i* dea? f9ds x4 ,! s\ls 9 hell are guilty to an inf9ite degree1 be+ f\nd ) a s9ful w at ! mom5t ( dea?4 ,_! pa9 is n s great z !y m]it1 b x w nev] end4 ,z = ! s\ls 9 purgatory1 !y only endure pa94 ,guilt 0 effac$ be=e dea? by a true sorr[ = hav+ (f5d$ ! div9e goodness4 ,?is pa9 is f9ite1 & ! "t ( its duration is con/antly dim9i%+4 ,o mis]y transc5d+ all o!r woes1 & s mu* ! great] because ! bl9dness ( man takes no precaution aga9/ x6 ,! torm5ts ( ! damn$1 we h said1 are n inf9ite 9 _! rigor4 ,! great goodness ( ,god ext5ds a ray ( m]cy ev5 to hell4 ,a man expir+ 9 a /ate ( deadly s9 m]its a puni%m5t inf9ite 9 duration & 9 int5sity4 ,god1 9 8 ju/ice1 c\ld h inflict$ on ! damn$ torm5ts f> great] ?an !y h to endure2 b :ile he has r5d]$ !m inf9ite z to _! duration1 he has limit$ _! int5sity4 ,oh6 h[ dang]\s is volunt>y s92 = rep5tance is difficult1 &1 unrep5t$ (1 ! guilt ( s9 rema9s1 & w rema9 z long z man reta9s 8 affection = pa/ s9s or has ! w to commit !m anew4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,( ,! ,peace ,& ,joy ,9 ,purgatory4 ,! s\ls 9 purgatory1 be+ entirely fre$ f ! guilt ( s91 & ?us f> re/or$ to _! orig9al purity1 & _! volition be+ entirely con=m$ to t ( ,god1 !y are con/antly p>ticipat+ 9 8 goodness4 ,_! guilt is remitt$ because1 be=e dep>t+ ?is life1 !y rep5t$ ( _! s9s & confess$ !m ) a firm purpose n to commit any m4 ,!y reta91 !n1 only ! ru/ ( s9 :i* is worn away by ^? p5al fires4 ,be+ ?us cleans$ f all s9 & unit$ to ,god by _! w1 !y contemplate him cle>ly accord+ to ! degree ( light :i* is giv5 !m4 ,!y compreh5d h[ important x is t !y %\ld enjoy ,god1 ! end = :i* !y 7 creat$4 ,!y feel s unit$ to him by entire con=mity ( w1 & are attract$ s p[]fully t[>d him by a natural in/9ct1 t ,i f9d no comp>ison1 or examples1 or way by :i* ,i c express ?is impetuosity z ,i und]/& x4 ,nev]!less1 ,i w give a comp>ison :i* has be5 sugge/$ to my m9d4 #bgb ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,comp>ison ,illu/rat+ ,! ,ard5t ,love ,) ,:i* ,! ,s\ls ,9 ,purgatory ,long ,= ,union ,) ,god4 ,if 9 all ! _w !re 7 b "o loaf1 ! m]e sight ( :i* w\ld satiate ! hung] ( all creatures1 :at w\ld be ! feel+s ( a man1 ) a natural in/9ct to eat :5 he is 9 heal?1 if he 7 nei!r able to eat1 nor yet to be ill or to die8 ,8 hung] w\ld always be increas+ ) its undim9i%$ in/9ct1 &1 kn[+ t he c\ld be satiat$ by ! v sight ( ?is loaf ( :i* he is depriv$1 he rema9s 9 unbe>able torm5ts4 ,! ne>] he approa*es x1 ! m rav5\s is 8 hung]1 :i* draws him t[>d ?is food1 ! object ( 8 desire4 ,if he 7 sure ( nev] behold+ ?is bread1 he w\ld endure a k9d ( hell1 l t ( ! et]nally lo/1 :o are depriv$ ( ! ,bread ( ,life & ( ! hope ( ev] behold+ ,*ri/ our ,r$eem]4 ,! s\ls 9 purgatory1 on ! contr>y1 hope to behold ?is bread & to eat _! fill !re(2 b mean:ile !y suff] ! torm5ts ( a cruel hung] aft] x--t is to say1 aft] ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! ,god ( our salvation & our love4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,( ,! ,wond]ful ,wisdom ,( ,god ,9 ,! ,creation ,( ,purgatory ,& ,hell4 ,z ! purifi$ s\l f9ds its repose only 9 ,god1 = :om x 0 creat$1 s ! s\l defil$ by s9 has no o!r place b hell assign$ x = its de/9ation4 ,! s\l1 at ! mom5t ( its sep>ation f ! body1 naturally gravitates t[>d its true c5tre4 ,if 9 a /ate ( deadly s91 x goes to its appo9t$ place1 c>ri$ !re by ! v nature ( s94 ,if x did n f9d ?is place provid$ = x by div9e ju/ice1 x w\ld rema9 9 a worse hell2 = x w\ld no long] be "u ! ord9ance ( ,god1 /ill p>ticipat+ 9 8 m]cy1 & :]e ! pa9 is less ?an ! s\l m]its4 ,n f9d+1 !n1 any place bett] suit$ to x1 or less fe>ful ?an hell1 by div9e appo9tm5t x gees ?i!r z to its own place4 ,x is ! same ) purgatory4 ,! s\l1 sep>at$ f ! body1 n f9d+ 9 itself all its primitive purity1 & see+ t ?is imp$im5t to its union ) ,god c only be remov$ by means ( purgatory1 volunt>ily ?r[s itself !re94 ,if ! place prep>$ = ! removal ( ?is imp$im5t did n exi/1 !re w\ld in/antane\sly be g5]at$ 9 ! s\l a torture f> worse ?an purgatory1 = x w\ld compreh5d t ?is imp$im5t w\ld h9d] x f union ) ,god1 its aim & its end4 ,?is end is s ard5tly long$ =1 t ! torm5ts ( purgatory seem z no?+1 al?\gh1 z we h said1 !y are l ^? ( hell 9 "s respects4 ,b1 ,i repeat1 !y seem z no?+ comp>$ ) ! s\l's true end4 #bgc ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,( ,! ,necessity ,( ,purgatory ,& ,! ,t]rible ,nature ,( ,its ,torm5ts4 ,fur!rmore ,i w say3 ! gates ( heav51 ?r\gh ! goodness ( ,god1 are clos$ aga9/ no "o4 ,:oev] wi%es c ent]1 = ! ,"l is full ( m]cy1 & 8 arms are con/antly ext5d$ to receive u into glory4 ,b ,i see also t ?is div9e ess5ce is ( su* purity1 surpass+ all we c imag9e1 t ! s\l :i* p]ceives 9 itself ! slighte/ mote ( imp]fection w\ld ca/ itself into a ?\s& hells r ?an rema9 ) a s+le /a9 9 ! pres5ce ( inf9ite ,maje/y4 ,!re=e1 see+ purgatory orda9$ = ! removal ( ^! /a9s1 ! s\l plunges into x1 e/eem+ x a provision ( wond]ful m]cy by :i* x c be fre$ f ! imp$im5t x f9ds 9 itself4 ,no tongue c express1 no m9d conceive1 ! nature ( purgatory4 ,z to ! sev]ity ( its torm5ts1 !y equal ^? ( hell4 ,footnote #abj ,nev]!less1 ! s\l ) ! slighte/ /a9 endures !m z a m]ciful disp5sation1 reg>d+ !m z no?+ 9 comp>ison ) :at opposes _! union ) ,god4 ,footnote #abj3 ,except t ! s\ls 9 purgatory are n sep>at$ f ! love & w ( ,god1 & h hope4 ,i seem to und]/& t ! sorr[ ( ! s\ls 9 purgatory = hav+ 9 !mselves ! cause ( ,god's displeasure1 result+ f _! pa/ (f5ces aga9/ 8 great goodness--,i seem to und]/&1 ,i say1 t ?is sorr[ surpasses all ! o!r torm5ts :i* !y endure 9 ?is place ( purification4 ,be+ 9 a /ate ( grace1 !y compreh5d ! =ce & s]i\sness ( ! ob/acle :i* h9d]s _! union ) ,god4 ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,! ,mutual ,love ,( ,god ,& ,! ,s\ls ,9 ,purgatory-- ,difficulty ,( ,f9d+ ,expressions ,on ,?is ,subject4 ,ev]y?+ :i* has be5 reveal$ to me ^u ?is subject1 & :i* ,i h compreh5d$ accord+ to ! capacity ( my m9d1 is ( s mu* importance t1 comp>$ !re)1 all ! k1 all ! say+s1 all ! op9ions1 all ! reason1 & all ! wisdom ( man 9 ?is life seem z va9 trifles & z ?+s ( no acc\nt4 ,i ackn[l$ge1 to my confusion1 t ,i c f9d no o!r words to express my mean+4 ,i p]ceive s great a con=mity betwe5 ,god & ! s\l 9 purgatory t1 9 ord] to re/ore ! latt] to its orig9al purity1 ,god inspires 9 ! s\l an ard5t love :i* draws x t[>d him--a love =cible en\gh to annihilate x1 7 x n immortal4 ,x trans=ms x to su* a degree t ! s\l beholds no?+ b ,god1 :o draws & inflames x cont9ually1 )\t ev] ab&on+ x1 till he has br\ght x back to ! s\rce :5ce x issu$1 t is to say1 to ! p]fect purity 9 :i* x 0 creat$4 ,& :5 ! s\l1 int]iorly enlight5$1 feels itself ?us attract$ by ! fire ( ,god's great love1 x melts completely 9 its ardor4 ,x sees1 by a sup]natural light1 t ,god nev] ceases to lead x on1 ) con/ant provid5tial c>e1 to its entire p]fection2 x sees t ,god is prompt$ only by pure love1 & t ! s\l1 imp$$ by ! effects ( s91 c only foll[ ! div9e impulse1 t is to say1 t attraction :i* draws x t[>d ,god2 x compreh5ds also ! greatness ( ! ob/acle :i* h9d]s its admission to ! pres5ce ( ! div9e light2 f9ally1 x is drawn by t p[]ful in/9ct :i* w\ld h no?+ h9d] x f yield+ to ! div9e attraction3 x sees & feels all ^! ?+s1 ,i say1 & !re9 is ! s\rce ( ! s\l's torm5ts 9 purgatory4 #bgd ,b x does n reg>d its pa91 h[ev] great3 x reg>ds inf9itely m ! ob/acle ! w ( ,god f9ds 9 x1 t w :i* x cle>ly sees is full ( ! pure/ & mo/ ard5t love = x4 ,?is love & ?is unitive attraction act s cont9ually & s p[]fully ^u ! s\l1 t if x c\ld f9d ano!r purgatory m t]rible ?an ?is1 9 :i* x c\ld be soon] deliv]$ f all t sep>ates x f ! ,sov]eign ,good1 x w\ld spe$ily plunge !re91 ?r\gh ! impetuosity ( ! love x be>s to ,god4 ,*apt] ,x4 ,h[ ,god ,purifies ,! ,s\l ,9 ,purgatory-- ,! ,s\l ,acquires ,!re9 ,su* ,p]fect ,purity ,t ,7 ,x ,to ,rema9 ,!re ,aft] ,its ,purification ,x ,w\ld ,suff] ,no ,m4 ,i behold1 also1 ! ard5t rays ( div9e love t[>d ! s\ls ( m5 p5etrat+ & pot5t en\gh to de/roy1 n only ! body1 b ! s\l ev51 if t 7 possible4 ,^! rays produce two effects3 !y purify1 & !y annihilate4 ,look at gold3 ! m y melt x ! pur] x becomes1 & y c\ld g on ref9+ x till e impurity is de/roy$4 ,su* is ! effect ( fire ^u mat]ial ?+s4 ,?\gh ! s\l _c annihilate itself 9 ,god1 x c 9 its own self2 & ! m x is purifi$1 ! m completely is x annihilat$ 9 itself1 till at la/ x re/s q pure 9 ,god4 ,x is said t gold1 :5 x is purifi$ to a c]ta9 degree1 no long] dim9i%es1 :atev] degree ( heat x may be expos$ to1 because no?+ b ! dross c be consum$4 ,! div9e fire acts 9 l mann] ^u ! s\l4 ,god holds x 9 ! fire till e imp]fection is consum$4 ,he ?us r$uces all s\ls to a /ate ( purity1 ea* "o accord+ to its own degree ( p]fection4 ,& :5 ! s\l is ?us purifi$ x re/s altoge!r 9 ,god1 )\t reta9+ any?+ 9 itself4 ,x has its be+ !n 9 ,god4 ,& :5 he has br\ght ! s\l to himself1 ?us purifi$1 x becomes impassible1 = !re is no?+ left 9 x to be consum$4 ,& %\ld x /ill rema9 9 ! fire aft] be+ ?us purifi$1 x w\ld suff] no long]4 ,t fire w\ld be to x a flame ( div9e love itself et]nal life1 9 :i* ! s\l c\ld exp]i5ce no m contradictions4 ,*apt] ,,xi4 ,! ,s\ls ,9 ,purgatory ,desire ,to ,purifi$ ,f ,e ,/a9 ,( ,s9-- ,( ,! ,wisdom ,( ,god ,9 ,imm$iately ,conceal+ ,f ,^! ,s\ls ,_! ,faults4-- ,! s\l 0 orig9ally end[$ ) all ! means ( atta9+ its own degree ( p]fection1 by liv+ 9 con=mity ) ! laws ( ,god & keep+ itself pure f all /a9 ( s94 ,b1 be+ contam9at$ by orig9al s91 x loses its gifts & graces4 ,x dies1 & c only rise aga9 by ! assi/ance ( ,god4 ,& :5 he has rais$ x to life aga9 by baptism1 a bad incl9ation /ill rema9s 9 ! s\l1 lead+ x1 if unresi/$1 to actual s91 by :i* x dies anew4 ,god raises x aga9 by ano!r special grace2 nev]!less x rema9s s soil$1 s fall5 back ^u itself1 t1 to be re/or$ to ! /ate ( purity 9 :i* ,god creat$ x1 x has ne$ ( all ! div9e op]ations be=e m5tion$ to enable x to return to its primitive condition4 ,:5 ! s\l is on its way back to ?is /ate1 its desire ( be+ lo/ 9 ,god is s great z to become ! purgatory ( ! s\l4 ,purgatory is no?+ to x z purgatory4 ,! burn+ in/9ct :i* =ces x t[>d ,god1 only to f9d an imp$im5t1 con/itutes its real torture4 #bge ,by a la/ act ( love1 ,god1 ! au?or ( ?is plan = ! p]fection ( ! s\l1 works )\t ! concurr5ce ( man2 = !re are 9 ! s\l s _m hidd5 imp]fections t if x saw !m x w\ld be 9 despair4 ,b ! /ate ( :i* we h j spok5 de/roys !m all4 ,x is only :5 !y are oblit]at$ t ,god %[s !m to ! s\l1 9 ord] t x may compreh5d ! div9e op]ation wr\ght by ?is fire ( love consum+ all its imp]fections4 ,*apt] ,,xii4 ,h[ ,joyfully ,suff]+ ,is ,endur$ ,9 ,purgatory4 ,rememb] t :at man consid]s p]fect 9 itself1 is full ( defects 9 ! eyes ( ,god4 ,ev]y?+ man does :i* has ! appe>ance ( p]fection f ! po9t ( view 9 :i* he sees x1 or feels1 und]/&s1 wills1 or recalls x1 is soil$ & infect$ if he does n attribute x to ,god4 ,our de$s are p]fect only :5 !y are wr\ght by u1 )\t consid]+ ourselves ! pr9cipal ag5ts1 & :5 !y are ref]r$ to ,god1 we be+ only 8 in/rum5ts4 ,su* are precisely ! f9al op]ations ( pure love wr\ght by ,god himself 9 ! s\l1 )\t any m]it on our "p4 ,^! op]ations are s ard5t & s p5etrat+ 9 _! effects ^u ! s\l1 t x seems z ?\gh ! body :i* envelops x w\ld be consum$ z 9 a great fire :]e dea? alone c\ld give relief4 ,x is true t ! love ( ,god :i* fills ! s\l 9 purgatory inspires x1 accord+ to my compreh5sion1 ) a joy t _c be express$4 ,b ?is satisfaction does n take away "o p>ticle ( ! pa94 ,nay1 x is ! h9d]+ ( love f ! possession ( its object :i* causes ! pa91 & ! pa9 is 9 proportion to ! p]fection ( ! love ( :i* ,god has made ! s\l capable4 ,?us x is t ! s\ls 9 purgatory at once enjoy ! greate/ tranquillity & endure ! greate/ pa92 & ! "o 9 no way h9d]s ! o!r4 ,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,no ,m]it ,is ,acquir$ ,9 ,purgatory-- ,9 ,:at ,mann] ,! ,s\ls ,9 ,purgatory ,reg>d ,! ,suffrages ,made ,9 ,_! ,behalf ,on ,e>?4 ,if ! /a9s ( ! s\ls 9 purgatory c\ld be effac$ by contrition1 ! div9e ju/ice might 9 an in/ant be satisfi$1 s pr(\nd & ard5t is _! sorr[ 9 view ( ! great ob/acle :i* opposes _! union ) ,god1 _! *ief end & _! love4 ,b1 rememb]1 ,god has decre$ t ! la/ f>?+ is to be dem&$ ( ^! s\ls = ! satisfaction ( et]nal ju/ice4 ,z to !m1 !y h no *oice2 !y c n[ see & wi% only :at ,god wi%es4 ,?is is ! unalt]able /ate ( _! s\ls4 ,if "s spiritual alms are giv5 on e>? to abridge ! "t ( _! suff]+s1 !y _c reg>d !m ) affection1 only z !y are weigh$ 9 ! equitable scales ( ! div9e w1 leav+ ,god to act accord+ to 8 own pleasure1 & to pay himself & 8 ju/ice 9 ! way 8 own inf9ite goodness *ooses to select4 #bgf ,if x 7 possible = !m to reg>d ^! alms ap>t f ! good pleasure ( ,god1 !y w\ld be guilty ( an act ( appropriation :i* w\ld deprive !m ( ! k ( ! div9e w1 & ?us mak+ _! abode a hell4 ,?us !y receive e appo9tm5t ( ,god ) tranquillity1 & nei!r joy1 nor satisfaction1 nor suff]+s c ev] induce !m to fall back ^u !mselves4 ,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,( ,! ,submission ,( ,! ,s\ls ,9 ,purgatory ,to ,! ,w ,( ,god4 ,^! s\ls are s p]fectly con=m$ to ! w ( ,god t !y are always satisfi$ ) 8 holy decrees4 ,if a s\l 7 admitt$ to ! vision ( ,god1 hav+ /ill some?+ left to be cleans$ away1 x w\ld consid] itself griev\sly injur$ & its suff]+s worse ?an _m purgatories1 = x w\ld be unable to endure t excessive goodness & t p]fect ju/ice4 ,:at an incongruity x w\ld be 9 ! sight ( ,god1 z well z ( ! s\l1 = 8 ju/ice n to be entirely satisfi$6 ,if ?is s\l lack$ a s+le mom5t ( expiation1 x w\ld feel an insupportable torture1 & w\ld plunge into a ?\s& hells to remove ?is little ru/ r ?an rema9 9 ! pres5ce ( ,god )\t be+ entirely purifi$4 ,*apt] ,,xv4 ,a ,w>n+ ,to ,p ,( ,! ,_w4 ,w\ld t ,i c\ld cry l\d en\gh to fright5 all ! m5 :o dwell ^u ! face ( ! e>?1 & say to !m3 ,o mis]able m56 :y d y suff] y\rselves to be s bl9d$ by ! _w z n to make any provision = t imp]i\s necessity 9 :i* y w f9d y\rselves at ! mom5t ( dea?8 ,y all %elt] y\rselves "u ! hope ( ,god's m]cy1 :i* y call s inf9ite4 ,b d y n see t x is precisely ?is great goodness ( ,god :i* w rise up 9 judgm5t aga9/ y1 mis]able m51 = rebell+ aga9/ ! w ( s good a ,"l8 ,8 goodness %\ld incite y to ! full accompli%m5t ( 8 w1 in/ead ( enc\rag+ y to s9 ) impunity2 =1 be fully assur$1 8 ju/ice c nev] fail1 & x mu/1 9 "s way1 be entirely satisfi$4 ,d n reassure y\rself by say+3 ,i w confess all my s9s1 ,i w ga9 a pl5>y indulg5ce1 & ?us ,i %all be cleans$ at once f all my iniquities2 & s ,i %all be sav$4 ,rememb] t contrition & confession are necess>y to ga9 a pl5>y indulg5ce4 ,& p]fect contrition is s difficult to acquire t1 if y knew h[ difficult x is1 y w\ld tremble = v fe>1 & w\ld be mu* m c]ta9 ( n ga9+ ! indulg5ce ?an ( obta9+ su* a grace4 ,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,9 ,:i* ,x ,is ,%[n ,t ,! ,torm5ts ,( ,purgatory ,d ,n ,affect ,! ,peace ,& ,joy ,( ,! ,s\ls ,!re9 ,deta9$4 ,i see t ! s\ls suff]+ 9 purgatory are consci\s ( two op]ations ( div9e grace 9 !m4 ,by ! fir/ ( ^! op]ations !y will+ly endure _! suff]+s4 ,consid]+1 on ! "o h&1 :at !y h m]it$1 &1 on ! o!r1 ! incompreh5sible maje/y ( an (f5d$ ,god1 !y und]/& ! ext5t ( 8 m]cy t[>d !m4 ,= a s+le s9 m]its a ?\s& hells et]nal 9 duration2 b ! goodness ( ,god temp]s ju/ice ) m]cy 9 accept+ ! preci\s blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 satisfaction = s94 ,s t ^! s\ls endure _! torm5ts s will+ly t !y w\ld n h !m dim9i% "o iota4 ,!y see h[ fully !y are m]it$1 & h[ righte\sly !y are orda9$3 & z to _! w1 x no m revolts aga9/ t ( ,god ?an if !y 7 p>ticipat+ 9 ! joys ( et]nal life4 #bgg ,! second op]ation ( grace 9 ^! s\ls consi/s 9 ! peace ) :i* !y are fill$ 9 view ( ! div9e ord9ances1 & ! love & m]cy ( ,god manife/$ 9 _! behalf4 ,! k ( ^! two op]ations is impr9t$ by ,god on ^! s\ls 9 an in/ant1 &1 z !y are 9 a /ate ( grace1 !y compreh5d !m1 e "o accord+ to 8 capacity4 ,!y feel a great joy1 :i*1 f> f dim9i%+1 goes on increas+ 9 proportion z ! "t = _! union ) ,god approa*es4 ,^! s\ls d n view ^! ?+s 9 !mselves or z belong+ to !mselves2 !y view !m 9 ,god1 ) :om !y are f> m occupi$ ?an ) _! own torm5ts4 ,= ! lea/ glimpse man has ( ,god transc5ds e pa9 & e imag9able joy4 ,nev]!less1 _! excessive joy does n 9 ! lea/ detract f _! pa91 nor _! extreme pa9 9 ! lea/ f _! joy4 ,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,9 ,:i* ,/4 ,ca?>9e ,applies ,:at ,%e ,has ,writt5 ,( ,! ,s\ls ,9 ,purgatory ,to ,:at ,%e ,has ,felt ,& ,exp]i5c$ ,9 ,h] ,own ,s\l4 ,my own s\l has exp]i5c$ ! same /ate ( purification z t ( ! s\ls 9 purgatory--especially )9 two ye>s--& ea* day ,i see & feel ?is m cle>ly4 ,my s\l rema9s 9 ! body z 9 a purgatory1 b only 9 su* a degree ( suff]+ z ! body c endure )\t dy+4 ,& ?is suff]+ w g on increas+ by degrees till ! body is no long] able to support x1 & w really die4 ,my m9d has become unus$ to all ?+s1 ev5 spiritual1 :i* c\ld refre% x1 su* z joy1 pleasure1 or consolation4 ,x is no long] able1 by w1 und]/&+1 or memory1 to reli% any?+1 :e!r ( a temporal or spiritual nature1 s t ,i c say "o ?+ pleases me m ?an ano!r4 ,my s\l has be5 s besieg$1 z x 71 t by degrees x has be5 depriv$ ( all t c\ld refre% me spiritually or corporally4 ,ev5 ?is privation makes me feel ! p[] ^! ?+s h ( n\ri%+ & refre%+ me2 b ! s\l1 consci\s ( ?is p[]1 loa!s & abhors !m to su* a degree t !y h ceas$ = ev] to tempt me4 ,= x is an in/9ct ( ! s\l to /rive to ov]come e ob/acle to its p]fection--an in/9ct s cruelly exact+ t x w\ld1 z x 71 all[ itself to be ca/ into hell to a*ieve its object4 ,x goes on !n depriv+ itself ( ev]y?+ 9 :i* ! inn] man c delight1 & ?is ) s mu* subtlety t ! slighte/ imp]fection is not$ & dete/$4 ,! out] man1 be+ no long] su/a9$ by ! consolations ( ! s\l1 suff]s to su* a degree t1 humanly speak+1 x c f9d no?+ on e>? to su/a9 x4 ,!re rema9s = x no o!r consolation ?an ,god1 :o ord]e? all ^! ?+s 9 inf9ite m]cy & love1 = ! satisfaction ( 8 ju/ice4 ,?is view inspires me ) great peace & joy1 :i*1 nev]!less1 d net dim9i% ! viol5ce ( my suff]+s2 b no pa9 c\ld be sev]e en\gh to induce me to deviate 9 ! lea/ f ! ord] ( ?+s e/abli%$ by ,god4 #bgh ,nor w\ld ,i leave ?is prison till ! ,"l ha? accompli%$ 8 designs ^u me4 ,my peace consi/s 9 satisfy+ ! ju/ice ( ,god1 & ,i c\ld f9d no torm5t great] ?an 9 deviat+ f 8 ord9ance1 s p]fectly j & good does x seem to me4 ,i see--,i feel1 z x 7--all ! ?+s ,i h "h relat$2 b ,i f9d no words to express my mean+ suitably z to :at ,i h "h writt54 ,i h felt its op]ation 9 my own s\l1 :i* has giv5 me ! necess>y k = writ+ ab\t x4 ,! prison 9 :i* ,i seem to be is ! _w2 ! *a9 t b9ds me !re9 is ! body4 ,& ! s\l1 illum9at$ by grace1 recognizes ! importance ( ! ob/acles :i* h9d] x f atta9+ its true end4 ,?is causes great grief to ! s\l1 on acc\nt ( its extreme s5sibility4 ,nev]!less1 x receives1 ?r\gh ! pure grace ( ,god1 a c]ta9 impress ( dignity1 :i* n only assimilates x to ,god1 b r5d]s x 9 a mann] "o ) him by a p>ticipation ( 8 goodness4 ,&1 z x is impossible = ,god to suff]1 s ! s\l :i* lives 9 union ) him becomes impassible1 & ! m complete ?is union ! m x %>es 9 ! div9e attributes4 ,b ! delay ( ?is union causes an intol]able suff]+ 9 ! s\l4 ,& ?is suff]+ & ?is delay make x diff]5t f :at x 0 at its creation4 ,god1 by 8 grace1 makes kn[n to x its orig9al condition4 ,)\t ! p[] ( return+ to x1 & yet feel+ itself adapt$ to t condition1 x rema9s 9 a /ate ( suff]+ proportionate to its love = ,god4 ,?is love increases ) ! s\l's k ( ,god1 & its k increases 9 ! same ratio z ! s\l is purifi$ f s94 ,?us ?is delay becomes m & m intol]able1 because ! s\l1 entirely absorb$ 9 ,god1 has no?+ m to h9d] x f truly kn[+ him4 ,! man :o pref]s to suff] dea? r ?an (f5d ,god is n ! less fully alive to its pangs1 b ! div9e grace inspires him ) a f]vor :i* makes him ?9k m ( ! honor ( ,god ?an ! life ( ! body4 ,x is ! same ) ! s\l t kn[s ! w ( ,god4 ,x reg>ds t z ( inf9itely m importance ?an all int]ior or ext]ior suff]+s :atev]1 h[ev] t]rible !y may be2 = ! ,"l :o worke? 9 x surpasses all t c be felt or imag9$4 ,! result is t ! slighte/ hold ( ,god ^u ! s\l keeps x s unit$ to 8 supreme w t ev]y?+ else is e/eem$ z no?+4 ,! s\l ?us loses all consid]ation ( self4 ,x becomes s reg>dless ( pa9 t x does n speak ( x or ev5 feel x4 ,x is consci\s ( its real condition = "o mom5t only--z has be5 said be=e--:5 pass+ f ?is life to ! next4 ,i w only add1 9 conclusion3 let u become ?or\ghly impress$ ) ! fact t ,god1 at once good & p[]ful1 has creat$ purgatory = ! purification ( man1 :]e9 is consum$ & annihilat$ all t he is by nature4 ---------- #bgi ,! ,*>ities ( ,new ,york4 ,if we recur aga9 to a subject on :i* we h two or ?ree times already address$ ! read]s ( ,! ,ca?olic ,_w1 x is because we are s deeply impress$ ) its importance1 & because we are p]suad$ t 9 any matt] :i* s highly conc]ns ! ,ca?olic cause all our fri5ds mu/ be he>tily int]e/$4 ,! g5]osity ( ,ca?olics t[>d _! *ur* is almo/ prov]bial4 ,!y give m to religion ?an any o!r d5om9ation2 !y give m lib]ally 9 proportion to _! means2 & !y give spontane\sly4 ,& n[h]e is _! g5]osity m /rik+ly %[n ?an 9 ! great cities ( ,am]ica1 :]e !y h built s _m scores ( co/ly *ur*es1 & rais$ up conv5ts & orphan asylums1 & :]e !y h giv5 almo/ e p>i% its free s*ool1 ?\gh ! law has compell$ !m likewise to pay taxes = ! support ( common-s*ools to :i* !y _c 9 consci5ce entru/ _! *ildr54 ,"h1 9 ,new ,york ,city1 we h _h a p>ticul>ly heavy task to p]=m4 ,z ?is is ! l&+-place ( mo/ ( ! ,ca?olic immigrants1 besides be+ ! *ief city & bus9ess c5tre ( ! c\ntry1 ! gr[? ( ! ,ca?olic population has be5 especially rapid1 & x has gr[n 9 pr9cipal measure by ! influx ( ! poor] classes1 :o1 :ile !y /& 9 greate/ ne$ ( ! help ( ! ,*ur*1 are able to d lea/ = its support4 ,x is a notori\s fact t1 :ile a l>ge proportion ( ! m ?rifty immigrants move out to ! ,we/1 & help to build up ,ca?olicism 9 our new ,/ates & t]ritories1 ! de/itute & %iftless almo/ inv>iably rema9 9 ! l>ge cities4 ,h5ce1 ! gr[? 9 ! mat]ial res\rces ( ! ,*ur* 9 ,new ,york does n keep pace ) ! gr[? 9 its numb]s4 ,! well-to-d immigrants :o h settl$ "h1 & ! ,am]ican-born ,ca?olics1 *ildr5 ( ! la/ g5]ation ( settl]s1 or else conv]ts f ,prote/antism1 h a task ( peculi> difficulty1 z !y mu/ provide n only = ! natural increase 9 _! own numb]s1 b = ! spiritual wants ( _! poor] bre?r51 :o h no means ( provid+ = !mselves4 ,& x is a task :i* seems to gr[ h>d] & h>d] e ye>4 ,! congregations increase mu* fa/] ?an ! *ur*es4 ,*ildr5 multiply fa/] ?an ! s*ools4 ,) all ! unremitt+ labors ( our successive bi%ops & ar*bi%ops1 & all ! untir+ ex]tions ( our zeal\s prie/s1 !re are n yet *ur*es en\gh 9 ,new ,york ,city4 ,we mu/ rememb] ?is peculi> condition ( our ,*ur* :5 we und]take to comp>e ,ca?olic ) ,prote/ant *>ities4 ,! noble/ "w ( b5evol5ce is t :i* assi/s our neighbor to save 8 s\l2 & ,ca?olics und]/& p]fectly well t !y c make no bett] disposition ( _! alms ?an 9 contribut+ to supply ! poor ) opportunities ( he>+ ,mass1 receiv+ ! sacram5ts1 & le>n+ ! pr9ciples & precepts ( _! fai?4 ,h5ce1 _! lib]ality has be5 direct$ fir/ t[>d ! build+ ( *ur*es & ! education ( prie/s1 & next t[>d ! support ( ,ca?olic s*ools4 #bhj ,:ile !re 0 s mu* to be done 9 ^! directions1 !y felt comp>atively little disposition to sp>e ei!r money or att5tion 9 fe$+ ! hungry1 clo?+ ! nak$1 or nurs+ ! sick4 ,( ^! corporal works ( m]cy !y h1 inde$1 done mu* 9 proportion to _! means2 b !y h1 v rightly1 ?\ght m ( fe$+ ! hungry s\l ?an ! hungry /oma*1 m ( cur+ ! sick he>t ?an ! w\nd$ body4 ,:ile ,ca?olics h ?us be5 s mu* occupi$ 9 look+ aft] ! ?+s ( ,god1 t !y h be5 unable to devote m ?an an ord9>y am\nt ( c>e to ! physical wants ( ,god's un=tunate *ildr51 ! case ) ,prote/ants has be5 v diff]5t4 ,!y are 9 no want ( *ur*es2 !y h m already ?an !y "k h[ to fill4 ,!y ne$ no free-s*ools1 = ! ,/ate sy/em ( education satisfies all _! requirem5ts4 ,!y h abundant weal?1 & are will+ to devote a %>e ( x to b5evol5t purposes4 ,9 ! majority ( cases we believe t !y give to su* ent]prises out ( ! be/ religi\s motives2 = we h no pati5ce ) ! n>r[ness ( m9d :i* suspects ! dis9t]e/$ness ( all ,prote/ant *>ity1 & seems to imag9e t no man :o is s un=tunate z to be a h]etic c possibly d a good de$ f a good impulse4 ,_m ,prote/ant b5evol5t in/itutions are ma9ta9$1 no d\bt1 = ! purpose ( brib+ poor de/itute ,ca?olics to ab&on _! fai?2 b all are n4 ,prote/ants are do+ a great deal 9 ! way ( g5u9e b5efic5ce2 & x is m becom+1 z well z m politic1 = u to frankly recognize & imitate :atev] praisewor?y actions !y p]=m1 ?an to inquire too closely & suspici\sly into _! ult]ior motives4 ,a book :i* has rec5tly be5 publi%$ 9 ,new ,york puts u 9 a position to comp>e1 ) v little tr\ble1 ! "w accompli%$ by ,prote/ants & ,ca?olics 9 ! way ( organiz$ *>ity 9 ?is city4 ,its title is1 ,! ,*>ities ( ,new ,york1 ,brooklyn1 & ,/at5 ,isl&1 by ,h5ry ,j4 ,cammann & ,hugh ,n4 ,camp4 7,octavo1 pp4 #eig4 ,hurd ,h\ghton47 ,! au?ors h _h mu* to d ) v>i\s in/itutions ( b5evol5ce--pr9cipally1 we believe1 ) ^? connect$ ) ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal d5om9ation2 & _! purpose 9 prep>+ ?is volume 0 to give a brief hi/ory & description ( all ! organiz$ private *>ities ( ,new ,york & its suburbs1 p>tly to %[ :at has be5 done = ! relief ( suff]+ humanity1 & p>tly to guide alms-giv]s 9 mak+ an intellig5t disposition ( _! lib]ality4 ,!y seem to h p]=m$ _! task ) c>e & imp>tiality1 p]mitt+ ea* in/itution to speak = itself ?r\gh "o ( its (fic]s or special fri5ds1 or 9 an (ficial report1 & mak+ no attempt to comp>e ! numb] & effici5cy ( ! e/abli%m5ts ( diff]5t fai?s4 ,a consci5ti\s desire to be j t[>d ,ca?olic1 ,prote/ant1 & ,jew is app>5t ?r\gh\t4 ,! record is n a complete "o2 b ! defici5cy1 we h reason to believe1 is ! consequ5ce1 9 *ief measure1 ( ! neglect or unwill+ness ( ! prop] p]sons to furni% ! requisite in=mation4 ,we h suppli$ ^! omissions z f> z possible1 b ! /ory is n yet told 9 full2 ?\gh = purposes ( comp>ison ! table :i* we give bel[ is probably suffici5t4 ,we h add$ sev]al important societies & in/itutions :i* are n includ$ 9 ! book1 namely1 ! ,new ,york ,prison ,association1 ,/4 ,/eph5's ,home1 ,/4 ,francis' ,g]man ,hospital1 ! ,society ( ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul1 & "s o!rs2 & we h omitt$ all :i* are support$ entirely1 or almo/ entirely1 by appropriations f ! city or ,/ate1 su* z ,bellevue ,hospital1 ! ,new ,york ,bl9d ,asylum1 etc41 z well z ^? :i* d n prop]ly belong to ,new ,york ,city4 #bha ,! figures repres5t ! numb] ( p]sons :o h obta9$ aid ( %elt] f ^! v>i\s organizations dur+ ! pa/ ye>4 ,! admirable ,mission-,h\se 9 ,/4 ,james' p>i% has gone into op]ation s9ce la/ ye>1 & !re=e _c be includ$ 9 ! table4 ,,ca?olic4 #a4 ,/4 ,v9c5t's ,hospital1 #hcb #b4 ,/4 ,francis's ,g]man ,hospital1 #eib #c4 ,/4 ,/eph5's ,home = ,de/itute ,little ,girls1 #ajj #d4 ,/4 ,patrick's ,male ,orphan ,asylum1 #eej #e4 ,/4 ,patrick's ,female ,orphan ,asylum1 #cij #f4 ,/4 ,joseph's ,orphan ,asylum1 #aej #g4 ,/4 ,v9c5t's ,orphan ,asylum1 #he #h4 ,h\se ( ! ,good ,%eph]d1 #ejj #i4 ,in/itution ( ,m]cy1 #bhde #aj4 ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul ,society1 ,footnote #aba ---- ,total #fjdd ,footnote #aba3 ,lack ( in=mation obliges u to leave sev]al blanks 9 ! above table1 :]e figures %\ld appe>4 ,,prote/ant ,,& ,,jewi%4 #a4 ,/4 ,luke's ,hospital #ajbg #b4 ,society = ! ,relief ( ! ,ruptur$ & ,crippl$1 #afhd #c4 ,wom5's ,hospital1 #ahi #d4 ,g]man ,hospital & ,disp5s>y1 ---- #e4 ,eye & ,e> ,infirm>y1 #hjch #f4 ,m\nt ,s9ai ,hospital1 #ajbh #g4 ,infirm>y = ,wom5 & ,*ildr51 #acg #h4 ,nurs]y & ,*ild's ,hospital #egb #i4 ,leake & ,watts ,orphan ,h\se1 #ajj #aj4 ,/4 ,luke's ,home = ,indig5t ,*ri/ian ,females1 #ca #aa4 ,am]ican ,female ,gu>dian ,society & ,home = ! ,fri5dless1 #ejcc #ab4 ,p4 ,e4 ,h\se ( ,m]cy1 #aab #ac4 ,orphan ,asylum1 #ahf #ad4 ,color$ ,orphan ,asylum1 #bed #ae4 ,orphan ,home & ,asylum ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 #aeh #af4 ,society = ! ,relief ( ,half-,orphan & ,de/itute ,*ildr5 #bcj #ag4 ,hebrew ,b5evol5t & ,orphan ,asylum ,society #aej #ah4 ,five ,po9ts ,h\se ( ,indu/ry1 #ajjj #ai4 ,! ,%elt]+ ,arms1 #aeg #bj4 ,*ildr5's ,aid ,society1 #haib #ba4 ,five ,po9ts ,mission ---- #bb4 ,association = ! ,relief ( ,respectable ,ag$ ,indig5t ,females1 #gi #bc4 ,magdal5 ,society1 #cg #bd4 ,ladies' ,union ,aid ,society1 #fe #be4 ,color$ ,home #hjj #bf4 ,union ,home & ,s*ool = ,*ildr5 ( ,volunte] ,soldi]s & ,sailors1 #ccj #bg4 ,asylum = ,ly+-9 ,wom51 #cie #bh4 ,wom5's ,prison ,association1 #cej #bi4 ,new-,york ,prison ,association ---- #cj4 ,presbyt]ian ,home = ,ag$ ,wom51 #bb #ca4 ,society = ! ,relief ( ,poor ,wid[s ) small ,*ildr51 ---- #cb4 ,h[>d ,mission & ,home = ,little ,w&]]s1 #ajj #cc4 ,work+-,wom5's ,protective ,union1 ---- #cd4 ,association = ,improv+ ! ,condition ( ! ,poor1 ---- #ce4 ,! ,home1 9 ,we/-,h\/on /reet1 #aab #cf4 ,sam>itan ,home = ! ,ag$1 ---- #cg4 ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,city ,mission1 ---- #ch4 ,work+-,woman's ,home1 #abj #ci4 ,ladies' ,*ri/ian ,union1 #aej #dj4 ,h\se & ,s*ool ( ,indu/ry1 #ajb ,total1 #ca1hfj ,?is is n a pleas+ comp>ison4 ,out ( fifty in/itutions "h enum]at$1 only t5 belong to u4 ,out ( #cg1ijd p]sons annually reliev$ by ! fifty *>ities1 our %>e is only #fjdd4 ,! case is n s bad1 h[ev]1 z x appe>s on fir/ inspection4 ,our ,si/]s ( ,*>ity & ,m]cy p]=m an imm5se am\nt ( b5evol5t "w outside ( _! own h\ses & asylums1 nurs+ ! sick1 consol+ ! afflict$1 wat*+ 9 public hospitals1 fe$+ ! hungry1 & visit+ ! prison]2 "w :i* _c be measur$ by figures1 because !re is no record ( x except 9 heav54 ,b5evol5t labor ( ! k9d to :i* our si/]hoods devote !mselves is und]tak5 by v>i\s ( ! non-,ca?olic organizations enum]at$ 9 ! above table1 & l>gely increases _! app>5t pr$om9ance ov] our own e/abli%m5ts1 because !y sum up 9 /ati/ical =m :at is done1 & we d n4 ,!n aga91 sev]al ( ! *>ities set d[n z ,prote/ant are entirely unsect>ian 9 _! "*1 & we d>e say draw a fair proportion ( _! support f ,ca?olic s\rces4 ,n s bad z x seems1 we say2 yet surely bad en\gh4 #bhb ,p]haps we ought n ev5 to claim cr$it = :at ! si/]hoods d2 = !irs are 9 reality labors ( individual b5evol5ce1 & ! ,ca?olic community at l>ge %>es little or no?+ ( ! exp5se1 ! tr\ble1 or ! m]it ( !m4 ,! ,ca?olics ( ,new ,york are suppos$ to numb] f\r hundr$ ?\s&--ne>ly half ! population ( ! city--& x is notori\s t !y comprise a great deal m ?an half ! paup] population4 ,are we do+ a fair proportion ( ! "w ( tak+ c>e ( our poor8 ,moreov]1 paup]ism increases t5 times z fa/ z ! :ole population4 ,! gr[? ( ! entire numb] ( inhabitants 9 ?irty-f\r ye>s has be5 n9ety p] c5t2 ! increase 9 ! numb] ( ^? receiv+ *>itable relief has be5 dur+ ! same p]iod no less ?an n9e hundr$ p] c5t4 ,:at provision are we mak+ to meet ! t]rible responsibility :i* ?is /ate ( society entails8 ,we c h>dly "q t ! "t has come :5 ! physical wants ( ^! un=tunate classes %\ld awak5 9 u s]i\s consid]ation4 ,we h done well to look s c>efully aft] ! build+ ( *ur*es1 & ( c\rse we mu/ n relax our ef=ts or *eck our g5]osity 9 ! slighte/ degree on acc\nt ( ^! additional calls ^u u4 ,we mu/ "w also = our s*ools z we h nev] work$ be=e4 ,sy/ems ( education all ar\nd u are daily improv+1 & ,ca?olic s*ools mu/ n be left beh9d4 ,p]haps x may be f\nd possible to make "s arrangem5t by :i* we c be reliev$ ( ! disadvantage "u :i* we n[ re/4 ,ca?olics & ,prote/ants %\ld h b "o & ! same end 9 view 9 ! education ( ! "y2 & we are n )\t hope t ! love ( fair play :i* belongs to ! ,am]ican p w enable u 9 "t to compose ! old s*ool-qu>rel1 :i* has be5 su* an injury to ! community4 ,h[ ?is may be done1 x w\ld lead u f> f our pres5t subject to consid]4 ,we tru/ x w be done "s day1 b mean:ile our *ur* s*ools h a "r to ! mo/ g5]\s support4 ,*ur*es & s*ools mu/ come fir/2 b :5 we h giv5 !m all !y ne$1 we are n to /op !re4 ,prote/ants are fully awake to ! dang] :i* ?reat5s ! public welf>e f ?is rapid increase ( a de/itute class1 & are work+ h>d to effect a re=m4 ,if we d n take c>e ( our own poor1 !y w n only provide = _! physical wants1 b w soon acquire *>ge ( _! s\ls4 ,su* in/itutions z ! ,five ,po9ts ,mission1 ! ,h[>d ,mission1 ! ,*ildr5's ,aid ,society1 ! ,association = ,improv+ ! ,condition ( ! ,poor1 h[ev] hone/ly !y may be conduct$1 are p[]ful eng9es ( proselytism4 ,_! manag]s may be actuat$ by ! mo/ dis9t]e/$ b5evol5ce1 !y may use none b legitimate means ( influ5ce2 b is x any wond] t !y draw _m ,ca?olics1 especially *ildr51 away f ! fai?1 :5 we let !m h ! field s completely to !mselves8 ,aga9/ ! ,association = ,improv+ ! ,condition ( ! ,poor1 we c set (f1 inde$1 our noble ,society ( ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul1 ?\gh its res\rces are f> small] ?an !y %\ld be2 b to take ! place ( ! ?ree o!r important *>ities m5tion$ above1 we ,ca?olics c %[ little or no?+4 ,fir/1 we ought to look aft] ! *ildr54 ,! adult sick & suff]+ are 9 less spiritual dang]2 = 9 mo/ ( ! hospitals1 except ^? ( a /rictly d5om9ational "*1 !y c enjoy ! visits ( prie/s & si/]s4 ,= ! de/itute :o are /rong en\gh to "w we c (f] no bett] res\rce ?an t :i* ! ,citiz5s' ,association is n[ /riv+ to af=d 9 ! organization ( a ,labor ,bureau1 by :i* ! sup]flu\s h&s ( ! city may be di/ribut$ among ! f>m+ regions1 :]e labor is badly ne$$4 #bhc ,sect>ianism appe>s to h no?+ to d ) ?is ent]prise1 & x (f]s relief 9 ! be/ possible way1 by enabl+ ! poor n to eat ! bread ( idl5ess1 b to e>n an hone/ liv+4 ,= ! ag$ & fri5dless1 :o are pa/ "w & h no provision = ! sunset ( life1 we /ill h no asylums2 b _! claims mu/ be po/pon$ until ^? ( ! *ildr5 are satisfi$4 ,we are told t our city conta9s no few] ?an #dj1jjj vagrant & de/itute *ildr54 ,:at a fe>ful se$ ( crime & mis]y ?is sad multitude con/itutes1 gr[+ up 9 e k9d ( ignorance & vice1 & rip5+ = ! prisons6 ,:at are we do+ = !m8 ,we h orphan asylums2 b mo/ ( ^! *ildr5 are n orphans1 & ev5 if !y 71 ! asylums h n room = a ti! ( !m4 ,we h ! ,protectory1 at ,we/*e/]2 b t is only = "y crim9als1 :o mu/ be committ$ on a magi/rate's w>rant1 & mu/1 moreov]1 be ! *ildr5 ( ,ca?olic p>5ts4 ,n[1 ?\s&s ( ^! "y vagrants h nev] yet fall5 )9 ! grasp ( ! law2 ?\s&s are ! *ildr5 ( no fai? :atev]1 &1 if br\ght be=e a ju/ice1 w\ld h to be s5t to ! ,prote/ant in/ead ( ! ,ca?olic asylum4 ,&1 ev5 if all ^! *ildr5 c\ld be br\ght "u ! control ( our ,protectory ,association1 tw5ty su* asylums z ! excell5t "o at ,we/*e/] w\ld n hold !m4 ,no6 !re is mu* = u yet to d2 !re are ?\s&s ( poor little *ildr5 ^u :om ,ca?olic *>ity has n yet laid a f+]4 ,we spoke1 9 a =m] numb] ( ,! ,ca?olic ,_w1 ( ! noble mission-s*ool :i* ! zeal & p]sev]ance ( "o good prie/ has f\nd$ 9 ,/4 ,james's p>i% 9 ?is city4 ,if almo/ e *ur* 9 ,new ,york 7 able to build an in/itution ( a simil> k9d1 we might re/ satisfi$2 b :at is "o mission-s*ool among #dj1jjj *ildr58 ,:at c "o ov]-work$ cl]gyman d t[>d p]=m+ a task :i* is ! duty ( ! entire ,ca?olic community8 ,x is a sad & humiliat+ ?+ to confess2 b ,prote/ants seem to appreciate ! claim :i* ^! vagrant *ildr5 h ^u ! public mu* bett] ?an we d4 ,! ,prote/ants are n idle3 !y h _! ,refuges1 _! ,indu/rial ,s*ools1 _! ,homes1 _! mission>ies1 "r 9 ! he>t ( ! vagabond population2 !y sp>e nei!r tr\ble nor money to cat* ^! s\ls2 & we are a%am$ to say !y capture a great _m :o are rightfully our *>ges4 ,if we let ?is cont9ue1 w n ,god h a t]rible acc\nt to exact ( u "s day8 ,we are gratifi$ to "k t :at we h h]et(ore said on ?is subject has n be5 )\t its effect4 ,!re are "s good bre?r5 :o seem to believe t x is ! duty ( all ,ca?olic writ]s to def5d ^? ( ! fai? f e asp]sion1 to cov] up all _! defects1 to excuse all _! wrong-do+s1 to hold !m up z p]fect models ( ! ,*ri/ian life1 & to ignore or decry e good "w und]tak5 by h]etics4 ,su* z ^! 7 (f5d$ at ! acc\nt we gave ( ! ,h[>d ,mission1 & simil> ,prote/ant in/itutions4 ,b o!rs h li/5$ to u 9 a m s5sible frame ( m9d1 h ackn[l$g$ ! ju/ice ( our rem>ks1 & h (f]$ to contribute _! purses :5ev] an ef=t is made to supply ! want we h indicat$4 ,made x w be & mu/ be1 be=e long4 ,n[1 :o w make x8 #bhd ,we _h writt5 ?us f>1 :5 we receiv$ an unexpect$ answ] to our "q 9 ! foll[+ lett] f a *>itable ,ca?olic lady3 ,to ,! ,editor ,( ,! ,ca?olic ,_w3 ,rev4 ,fa!r3 ,! ?\ght ( do+ some?+ = ! neglect$ *ildr5 ( ,new ,york prompts me to write to y4 ,s9ce ! mom5t t ,i read ! lett] t y publi%$ 9 ,! ,ca?olic ,_w1 !y h sc>cely be5 out ( my m9d4 ,i h (f]$ up all my pray]s & communions = !m1 & ,i h pray$ especially = !m e day4 ,i _h no ?\ght t ,i c\ld d any?+ else1 b sometimes ,i ?9k t1 if all %\ld cont5t !mselves ) pray+1 !re w\ld be no?+ done4 ,i am afraid ,i _c d mu*1 = ,i d n "k h[ to beg91 & ,i h s little confid5ce & ,i "k s few p4 ,b ,i felt z if ,i c\ld n pray any m )\t try+ to d some?+ also4 ,p]haps ! "w c\ld be begun by an appeal some?+ l ! foll[+3 ,to ,ca?olic ,mo!rs4 ,( =ty ?\s& vagrant *ildr5 9 ,new ,york we _c d\bt t f> m ?an "o half h inh]it$ ! ,ca?olic fai?4--,ca?olic ,_w = ,aug4 #ahfh4 ,m ?an tw5ty ?\s& ,ca?olic *ildr5 9 ,new ,york1 homeless1 unc>$ =1 ignorant1 & ab&on$6 ,c we ,ca?olic mo!rs ?9k ( ?is & sit quietly 9 our homes ) our little ones ar\nd u8 ,c we %ut f our e>s _! cries ( sorr[1 f our eyes _! little =ms trembl+ ) cold & hung]1 or f our he>ts ! ?\ght ( _! desolation8 ,no1 we _c1 & we w\ld n2 = is x n mo/ especially our "r1 our duty1 & our privilege to d = !m8 ,our prie/s are ov]work$1 !y _c d ev]y?+2 let u1 !n1 beg _! bless+ & beg9 ?is noble und]tak+4 ,we h n mu* to d1 only to prep>e ! way4 ,! ,si/]s ( ,*>ity or ,m]cy are ready & long+ to c>e = ^! little desolate ones4 ,we h only to put ! means 9 _! h&s4 ,already a ,ca?olic lady ( ,new ,york has giv5 "o ?\s& doll>s = ?is end1 & we h only to foll[ h] z f> z we are able4 ,i ?9k t5 o!rs c be f\nd 9 our city to imitate h] example4 ,if we c1 let u give l>gely1 = x is b l5d+ to ! ,"l2 if we h b little1 let u give ( t1 n =gett+ t ! wid['s mite 0 m ?an all else ca/ into ! treasury4 ,%all we let ! sn[s ( ano!r w9t] f9d ^! little ones /ill unclo!d & un%elt]$2 %all we let _! s\ls p]i% "h 9 ! mid/ ( *ur*es & alt>s1 :ile our prie/s & mission>ies 9 di/ant l&s are %$d+ _! blood = ! hea!n8 ,let u ,*ri/ian mo!rs beg9 our "w e>ne/ly1 let u pray & labor = ^! little ones2 !y are "h 9 our mid/1 & be=e ,god we are responsible = !m4 ,respectfully1 ---- ,our correspond5t1 we believe1 has gone to "w 9 ! "r way1 &1 unless we greatly misjudge ! ,ca?olic ladies ( ,new ,york1 h] appeal w be he>d4 ,! be/ plan1 we ?9k1 w\ld be to e/abli%1 9 ! he>t ( ! poor] qu>t]s ( ! city1 a mission-h\se "u ! *>ge ( ,si/]s ( ,*>ity1 or ,si/]s ( ,m]cy1 :o %\ld make x _! :ole bus9ess to visit ! de/itute 9 _! homes1 tea* !m h[ to lead dec5t lives1 see t _! *ildr5 7 br\ght into ,sunday & day-s*ools1 t ! :ole family w5t to mass & confession1 & t ! *ildr5 receiv$ prop] c>e at home4 ,x is mu* bett] to p]suade p>5ts to tra9 up _! (fspr+ prop]ly ?an to take ! *ildr5 out ( _! h&s & re> !m 9 mission-h\ses & asylums4 ,! family relation ought to be rigidly respect$2 = ,god's plan ( education is a good deal bett] ?an any?+ we c inv5t 9 place ( x4 ,= homeless & orphan *ildr51 ! ,si/]s might see t admission 0 procur$ into ! ,ca?olic e/abli%m5ts already provid$ = ^? classes2 = ! sick & ! />v+ !y w\ld ask relief f ! *>itable ?r\gh\t ! city1 & :atev] we plac$ 9 _! h&s we might be sure w\ld be judici\sly di/ribut$4 #bhe ,!re are g5]\s ,ca?olic wom5 en\gh 9 ,new ,york to ! f\ndation ( su* a h\se1 & provide = ! support ( a small community to take *>ge ( x2 & !re are _m :o w\ld highly value ! privilege ( co-op]at+ ) ! ,si/]s 9 _! holy "w4 ,let !m come =?1 effect an organization "u ! sanction ( ! ecclesia/ical au?ority ( ! diocese1 beg9 at once to raise ! money requir$1 & a great und]tak+1 ! p>5t ( _m o!rs1 w be effect$4 ,:5 we once get into ! way ( practical b5evol5ce1 we %all be surpris$ to see h[ easily "o f\ndation w foll[ ano!r1 & h[ ! habit ( alms-de$s w become s fix$ t x w seem easi] & m natural to give ?an to refra9 f giv+4 ---------- ,new ,publications4 ,symbolism2 or1 ,exposition ( ! ,doctr9al ,diff]5ces betwe5 ,ca?olics & ,prote/ants1 z evid5c$ by _! ,symbolical ,writ+s4 ,by ,john ,a4 ,moehl]1 ,d4,d4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man1 ) a ,memoir ( ! ,au?or1 prec$$ by an ,hi/orical ,sket* ( ! /ate ( ,prote/antism & ,ca?olicism 9 ,g]many = ! la/ hundr$ ye>s4 ,by ,j4 ,b4 ,rob]tson4 ,new edition1 revis$ & annotat$ by ! ,translator4 ,"o vol4 #hvo1 pp4 #ejd1 ,new ,york3 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society4 #ahfh4 ,! ,symbolism ( ,dr4 ,mhl] is1 p]haps1 ! mo/ rem>kable polemical "w :i* has appe>$ s9ce ! days ( ,bell>m9e & ,bossuet4 ,its influ5ce 9 ,g]many has be5 extraord9>y1 & ! translation by ,mr4 ,rob]tson has ex]t$ an influ5ce ( simil> importance 9 ,great ,brita9 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z well z 9 e "p ( ! _w :]e ,engli% is spok54 ,! late illu/ri\s conv]t f ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal hi]>*y1 ,dr4 ,ives1 0 greatly indebt$ to ?is book = ! convictions :i* br\ght him into ! ,*ur*1 & _m o!rs might d\btless say ! same ( !mselves4 ,x may be well to say1 = ! b5efit ( non-pr(essional read]s1 t ,symbolism 9 ,g]man phraseology means ! exposition ( symbols ( fai? or au?oriz$ =mul>ies ( doctr9es1 & t ?is "w is a ?or\gh discussion ( ! dogmatic diff]5ces betwe5 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* & ! pr9cipal ,prote/ant d5om9ations4 ,! pres5t edition is a v conv5i5t "o1 9 "o volume1 neatly execut$ & well pr9t$4 ,we _c too e>ne/ly recomm5d to our intellig5t read]s1 :o desire ?or\gh & solid in=mation on ! great topics ( ,ca?olic doctr9e1 to /udy c>efully ?is great ma/]piece ( le>n+ & ?\ght4 ---- ,! ,pope ,& ,! ,*ur* ,consid]$ ,9 ,_! ,mutual ,relations ,) ,ref]5ce ,to ,! ,errors ,( ,! ,high ,*ur* ,p>ty ,9 ,engl&4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,paul ,bottalla1 ,s4,j41 ,pr(essor ( ,!ology 9 ,/4 ,beuno's ,college1 ,nor? ,wales4 ,"p ,i4 ,! ,supreme ,au?ority ( ! ,pope4 ,london3 ,burns1 ,gates ,co4 #ahfh4 ,! ,apo/olical ,& ,infallible ,au?ority ,( ,! ,pope4 ,by ,f4 ,x4 ,w5+]1 ,d4,d41 ,s4,j4 ,new ,york3 ,sadli]4 ,c9c9nati3 ,john ,p4 ,wal%4 #ahfh4 ,! fir/ nam$ ( ^! two works is "o ( ! v be/ & mo/ le>n$ treatises on ! subject discuss$ :i* has appe>$ 9 ! ,engli% language1 & w prove an invaluable addition to e cl]gyman's or educat$ layman's libr>y4 ,x is1 moreov]1 ( v mod]ate size1 & writt5 ) rem>kable logical t]s5ess & lucidness ( /yle & ord]4 #bhf ,! second "w also conta9s a valuable & ext5sive collection ( au?orities & te/imonies to ! supreme tea*+ au?ority ( ! ,holy ,see1 & a rsum ( ! argum5ts usually giv5 by !ologians 9 support ( ! au?or's !sis4 ,! mod]ate & g5tle _s 9 :i* ! v5]at$ au?or speaks ( ! adh]5ts ( ano!r s*ool ( ,ca?olic !ologians is especially comm5dable & wor?y ( imitation1 p>ticul>ly z we are n[ await+ ! assembl+ ( an ,ecum5ical ,c\ncil1 :i* w d\btless decide all que/ions h]et(ore 9 controv]sy 9 reg>d to :i* ! good ( ! ,*ur* requires any cle>] def9itions ?an ^? :i* h be5 already made & univ]sally accept$4 ,!re are "s few corrections call$ = 9 ! con/ruction ( ! au?or's s5t5ces1 especially "o :i* occurs 9 ! note to page #bjf4 ,! me*anical execution ( ! book _c receive any high comm5dation4 ---- ,! ,illu/rat$ ,ca?olic ,sunday-s*ool ,libr>y4 ,second ,s]ies4 ,twelve volumes1 pp4 #add ea*4 ,new ,york3 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society1 #abf ,nassau /reet4 #ahfh4 ,! titles ( ! volumes 9 ?is s]ies are z foll[s3 ,nettle?orpe1 ! ,mis]2 ,tales ( ,naval & ,milit>y ,life2 ,h>ry ,o',bri51 & ,o!r ,tales2 ,! ,h]mit ( ,m\nt ,atlas2 ,leo1 or ,! ,*oice ( a ,fri5d2 ,antonio1 or ,! ,orphan ( ,flor5ce2 ,tales ( ! ,s\? ( ,france2 ,/ories ( ,o!r ,l&s2 ,emma's ,cross1 & ,o!r ,tales2 ,uncle ,edw>d's ,/ories2 ,joe ,bak]2 ,! ,two ,pa9t]s4 ,^! tales 7 evid5tly select$ ) good ta/e & s\nd judgm5t4 ,all are int]e/+1 ( a high moral tone1 & well adapt$ to c>ry out ! praisewor?y object = :i* ?is libr>y 0 int5d$3 furni%+ ,ca?olic y\? ( bo? sexes ) read+ matt] bo? useful & ent]ta9+4 ,^! volumes1 9 div]sity ( sc5e1 v>iety ( incid5t1 etc41 fully equal ^? :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,fir/ ,s]ies2 :ile 9 ext]nal elegance1 & 9 beauty ( illu/ration1 !y are decid$ly sup]ior4 ,we f9d "o fault1 h[ev]4 ,consid]+ h[ f> girls outnumb] boys 9 our ,sunday-s*ools1 we ?9k x h>dly fair t b "o volume %\ld be devot$ to ! joys & sorr[s1 ! temptations & triumphs1 ( girlhood4 ,9 our op9ion1 sev]al volumes 9 ea* s]ies %\ld be1 9 an especial mann]1 set ap>t = _! p>ticul> pleasure & b5efit4 ,we hope our sugge/ion w be1 if possible1 act$ ^u 9 ! next s]ies4 ---- ,leaf ,& ,fl[] ,pictures1 ,& ,h[ ,to ,make ,!m4 ,new ,york3 ,anson ,d4 ,f4 ,r&olph4 #ahfh4 ,?is pleasantly writt5 & in/ructive little "w is d$icat$ mo/ affectionately to ! au?oress's ,two de> little ',doppies1' two little girls nam$ respectively ,nellie & ,anna1 :o "o day 'dopt$ h] = _! aunt4 ,h5ce _! "n4 ,:oev] ,h4 ,b4 may be1 7= ?is is all t is giv5 u to "k ( ?is good aunt17 we are sure t _m p]sons :o are int]e/$ 9 ! delightful recreation ( mak+ leaf & fl[] pictures w ?ank h] = ! composition ( ?is book4 ,t our read]s may und]/& its object1 we quote f ! preface3 ,i ?9k ev5 q small *ildr51 bo? boys & girls1 z well z old] p]sons1 w f9d x delightful to make !mselves pictures1 & h a collection '( _! own' ( all sorts ( leaves1 mosses1 grasses1 fl[]s1 & li*5s4 ,w x n add greatly to ! pleasure ( be+ out ( doors1 if1 9 e walk y take1 f ,may to ,octob]1 y c>ry home "s leaf1 or fl[]1 or spike ( grass1 to add to ! treasures ( y\r hortus siccus1 or to lay aside until ! long cold h\rs ( w9t] come1 :51 9 v>ni%+ & arrang+ !m z pictures & decorations1 y c almo/ re/ore to y\rself ! delight ( y\r summ] rambles1 & make into a p]man5t & abid+ pleasure a portion ( ! beauty :i* !n *>m$ & refre%$ y\r s\l8 ,!re=e1 de> read]1 be y *ild or woman1 boy or man1 if y w\ld op5 y\r eyes "s fro/y morn+ next ,janu>y1 & behold a lovely wrea? ( fl[]s bloom+ ^u ! walls ( y\r *amb]1 ) all ! fre%ness ( ,june--a wrea? t ,jack ,fro/ _c )]1 ev5 if he has s5t ! m]cury out ( sight bel[ z]o--read ?is little book2 = y c h "o by foll[+ its directions4 #bhg ,p]sonal ,sket*es ,( ,8 ,own ,times4 ,by ,sir ,jonah ,b>r+ton1 ,judge ( ! ,high ,c\rt ( ! ,admiralty 9 ,irel&1 etc41 etc4 ,"o vol4 #abmo4 ,! ,life ,( ,! ,"r ,honorable ,john ,philpot ,curran1 ,late ,ma/] ,( ,! ,rolls ,9 ,irel&4 ,by 8 son1 ,william ,h5ry ,curran4 ,) additions & notes by ,r4 ,%elton ,mack5zie1 ,d4,c4,l4 ,"o vol4 #abmo4 ,sket*es ,( ,! ,iri% ,b>4 ,by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,ri*>d ,lalor ,%eil1 ,m4,p4 ,) ,memoir & ,notes by ,r4 ,%elton ,mack5zie1 ,d4,c4,l4 ,two volumes1 pp4 #chh1 #chj4 ,new ,york3 ,w4 ,j4 ,widdleton4 #ahfh4 ,above we give ! titles ( ?ree works :i* h be5 out ( pr9t = "s "t1 b new editions ( :i* h j appe>$4 ,%eil's ,sket*es1 comm5c$ 9 #ahbb & cont9u$ until #ahbi1 embrace %ort1 piquant biographies ( ! mo/ prom95t memb]s ( ! ,iri% ,b>--,o',connell1 ,plunket1 ,burke1 ,o',loghl91 ,norbury1 etc42 ) incid5tal allusions to o!r celebrities--,lady ,morgan1 ,"l ,edw>d ,fitzg]ald1 ,rob]t ,emmet1 etc41 etc4 ,!re are1 9 addition1 ! au?or's p]sonal recollections ( ! ,ca?olic ,association 9 #ahbc2 ( ! visit ( ! ,ca?olic deputation to ,london 9 #ahbe1 & its reception 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons2 & ( ! great ,cl>e ,election 9 #ahbh4 ,b>r+ton's ,sket*es are also racy & piquant1 & give an insight into ,iri% mann]s & cu/oms fifty ye>s ago4 ,! ,life ( ,curran has be5 a /&>d "w1 & ?is new edition w br+ x anew be=e ! ris+ g5]ation4 ---- ,! ,works ,( ,rev4 ,ar?ur ,o'le>y1 ,o4,s4,f4 ,edit$ by a cl]gyman ( ,massa*usetts4 ,"o vol4 #hvo1 pp4 #eif4 ,bo/on3 ,patrick ,donahoe4 #ahfh4 ,! reputation ( ,f4 ,o',le>y is univ]sal among all :o take an int]e/ 9 ,iri% hi/ory & lit]ature4 ,8 works1 :i* ab\nd ) le>n+1 humor1 & passages ( rem>kably f9e writ+ ( ! ri*1 ornate /yle ( ! old s*ool1 h be5 c>efully edit$ by ! le>n$ cl]gyman ^: "n is mode/ly )held on ! title-page1 & publi%$ 9 good /yle by ,mr4 ,donahoe4 ,we ?ank !m bo? = ?is valuable s]vice to ,ca?olic lit]ature1 & h no sugge/ion to make1 except t ! small numb] ( typographical errors :i* h escap$ ! vigilance ( ! pro(-read] %\ld be correct$ 9 ! second edition4 ---- ,! ,lily ,( ,! ,valley2 or1 ,m>gie & ,i1 & o!r ,poems4 ,by ,amy ,gray4 ,baltimore3 ,kelly ,piet4 #ahfh4 ,! g5tle au?oress ( ^! poems1 :i* h1 at lea/1 ! m]it ( convey+ a g5u9e expression ( h] s5tim5ts1 pres5ts ! volume to ! public ) ?is preface1 :i* we copy entire3 ,! object ( ! publication ( ! poems1 & 9 view ( :i* mo/ ( !m 7 writt51 is to aid 9 ! education ( de/itute little girls ( ! ,s\?1 orphan$ by ! late w>4 ,! au?or _c hope = m ?an a mite f s small a volume--! production1 too1 ( an unkn[n writ]2 b ! proce$s1 :atev] !y may be1 w be unres]v$ly appropriat$ to ! object above nam$4 ,to an intellig5t & g5]\s read+ public ! au?or confides ?is little "w1 feel+ sure t _! g5]osity w secure = x a patronage t its intr9sic m]it _c hope to obta94 ,x 0 ( old ! duty & privilege ( ! *os5 p ( ,god to (f] ! fir/-fruits ( all _! possessions to 8 s]vice2 & x is ) gratitude = _m m]cies receiv$1 & ) e>ne/ pray]s = ! div9e bless+1 t ! au?or w\ld d$icate ! fir/-fruits ( h] p5 to an object :i* seems 9 accordance ) ! tea*+s ( our bless$ ,"l1 :o has said3 ',take he$ t ye despise n "o ( ^! little ones2 = ,i say unto y1 t 9 heav5 _! angels d always behold ! face ( my ,fa!r :i* is 9 heav54' #bhh ,excelsior2 or1 ,essays on ,polit5ess1 ,education1 & ! ,means ( ,atta9+ ,success 9 ,life4 ,"p ,i4 ,= "y g5tlem54 ,by ,t4 ,e4 ,h[>d1 ,a4,m4 ,"p ,,ii4 ,= "y ladies4 ,by a lady1 7,r4 ,v4 ,r47 ,baltimore3 ,kelly ,piet #ahfh4 ,a capital book1 & "o we w\ld l to h plac$ 9 ! h&s ( e /ud5t1 boy or girl1 9 ! c\ntry4 ,x is n easy to write books ( ?is "*1 at lea/ books t "y p]sons w read2 b ,mr4 ,h[>d & 8 g5tle co-au?or h produc$ a volume z pleasantly writt5 z x is solidly in/ructive4 ,x is said t x requires a high degree ( moral c\rage to pur*ase at ! booksell]'s a book on polit5ess4 ,we tru/ t few among our "y fri5ds w be want+ 9 ?is c\rage :5 ! pur*ase ( ! pres5t volume is conc]n$1 & we w gu>antee t n "o w fail to p]use x ) v great pleasure4 ---- ,mac ,c>?y ,m2 or1 ,! ,=tunes ( an ,iri% ,*ief 9 ! ,reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,by ,mrs4 ,j4 ,sadli]4 ,new ,york3 ,d4 ,j4 ,sadli] ,co4 ,pp4 #bgg4 #ahfh4 ,?is1 ! late/ production ( ,mrs4 ,sadli]'s prolific p51 is 9 no wise inf]ior to its pr$ecessors4 ,! incid5ts :i* =m its gr\ndwork are /rictly hi/orical1 & c be f\nd 9 ,! ,life & ,lett]s ( ,flor5ce ,mac ,c>?y ,reagh1 ,tani/ ( ,c>b]ry1 ,mac ,c>?y ,mor1 compil$ f unpubli%$ docum5ts 9 h] ,maje/y's ,/ate ,pap] ,(fice1 by ,daniel ,mac ,c>?y1 7,glas17 & publi%$ by ,longman ,co41 ,london4 ,= ^? :o _c af=d to pur*ase ! m exp5sive ,engli% "w1 ,mrs4 ,sadli]'s cond5sation ( ! life & times ( ! great ,iri% *iefta9 w prove a v agreeable sub/itute4 ,besides be+ ?us pres5t$ "u ! guise ( a graceful little /ory1 !y w d\btless be m acceptable to mo/ read]s ?an ! dry & prosaic details ( m]e hi/orical n>ration4 ---- ,pla9 ,talk ,ab\t ,! ,prote/antism ,( ,to-day4 ,f ! ,fr5* ( ,mgr4 ,segur4 ,bo/on3 ,p4 ,donahoe4 #ahfh4 ,! be/ ^w we c say ab\t ?is little book is to copy ! fir/ few l9es ( ! translator's note3 ,y ask me1 de> sir1 ',:at makes me s anxi\s to publi% ?is "w 9 ,am]ica8' ,well1 ,i wi% to h x publi%$ = ! sake ( ,ca?olic *ildr5 t5d+ common s*ools--( ,ca?olic girls liv+ out 9 families--( ,ca?olic boys s]v+ _! "t--( all de> & poor fri5ds s (t5 w\nd$ 9 ! affections de>e/ to _! he>ts1 & ^: religion is s (t5 attack$ 9 rude words4 ,i h]e) hope to place 9 _! h&s su* arms z !y c easily use1 & :i* w h a tell+ effect on ! enemies ( _! fai?4 ---- ,mignon4 ,a ,tale4 ,translat$ f ! ,fr5*4 ,new ,york3 ,p4 ,o',%ea4 ,pp4 #bjb4 #ahfh4 ,a *>m+ little /ory1 neatly got up2 b ! pleasure to be d]iv$ f its p]usal w\ld1 h[ev]1 be consid]ably increas$ if ! ?read ( ! n>rative 7 n s (t5 & s ne$lessly brok5 by :ole pages devot$ to s5tim5talisms ( ! %all[e/ type4 ---------- #bhi ,! ,ca?olic ,_w4 ,vol4 ,,viii41 ,no4 #de ,decemb]1 #ahfh4 ---------- ,hypnotics4 ,! crav+ = opiates indicates ei!r pa9 or re/lessness4 ,! w\nd$ man longs = t :i* may dull ! s5sation ( physical suff]+ & procure ! tempor>y oblivion ( sleep4 ,"o :o is we>i$ by ! morbid activity ( 8 bra91 & ! lassitude :i* is caus$ by x1 desires "s artificial rem$y to give him ! repose :i* refuses to come naturally to 8 sleepless eyelids4 ,a p]son 9 heal? has no ne$1 &1 consequ5tly1 no desire = opiates4 ,8 activity is heal?ful & pleasurable2 8 we>9ess is natural1 mak+ re/ pleasant1 & giv+ s\nd1 recreative slumb]s4 ,9 l mann]1 :5 "o beg9s to talk ab\t a crav+ = an intellectual or spiritual opiate1 ! pres5ce ( "s malady mak+ ! s\l re/less is manife/4 ,its activity is morbid & irregul>1 prev5t+ t repose :i* is ! natural consequ5ce ( a p]fectly s\nd & normal condition ( ! m5tal & spiritual faculties4 ,^! rem>ks 7 sugge/$ by read+1 9 an article writt5 ) mu* ref9em5t ( ta/e & delicacy ( s5tim5t 9 "o ( our pr9cipal lit]>y pap]s1 ,footnote #abb ! foll[+ passage on ! hypnotic qualities ( ,ca?olicity3 ,footnote #abb3 ,! ,nation1 ,augu/ #ah?1 #ahfh2 ,review ( ,mrs4 ,crav5's ,si/]'s ,/ory4 ,mrs4 ,crav5 c]ta9ly (f]s v abundant & conv9c+ te/imony on ?is po9t--a po9t :i* probably no "o ev] dreams ( controv]t+4 ,giv5 natures l ^!1 9 :i* ! emotional elem5t entirely pr$om9ates2 to :i* ! pursuit ( tru?1 z an ultimate object1 is totally incompreh5sible2 :i* crave happ9ess & repose ) a passionate long+1 & ! ,*ur* c]ta9ly (f]s a satisfactory & compreh5sive solution ( all _! difficulties4 ,we %\ld all be ,ca?olics 7 x n t ! ,*ur* sets too high a price ^u h] opiates4 ,"o g5]ally pays = extreme weal? ( emotional p[] by a correspond+ pov]ty ( judgm5t1 & ?\gh1 if we _h our *oice1 we might all be will+ to be born bl9d1 t we might nev] feel afraid 9 ! d>k1 ! settlem5t ( ! matt] is c]ta9ly n optional ) u4 ,x is a cong5ital impossibility = "s p to conceive ( _! natural passions1 ( _! judgm5t1 w1 & reason1 z m]e c\nt]s ) :i* !y c pur*ase et]nal re/1 & a t>dy b complete gratification ( ! wants :i* are "h unsuppli$4 ,su* p d n1 9 reject+ ,ca?olicism1 necess>ily disav[ ! ye>n+ = ?is re/1 nor ! belief t x w be atta9$4 ,! crav+ is univ]sal1 ! ,*ur*'s answ] only p>tial--x all[s ! claims ( ! emotions1 b x disall[s ^? ( ! intellect4 ,!re is no d\bt t %e does h] legitimate "w well & ?or\ghly1 t %e gives hope to ! despair+1 com=t to ! sorr[+1 & sometimes m5ds ! morals ( ! vici\s--we qu>rel ) h] only because 9 virtue ( do+ ?is %e claims ! "r to outrage or ignore wants yet pr(\nd] ?an ^? :i* %e supplies4 #bij ,we h select$ ?is passage z ! !me ( "s brief discussion1 )\t any ref]5ce to ! p>ticul> topic ( ! article 9 :i* x is conta9$1 or int5tion ( rais+ any special controv]sy ) ! writ] ( x1 ^: p]sonality is entirely unkn[n to u4 ,x has /ruck our att5tion simply z a rem>kably tangible & felicit\s expression ( a s5tim5t or op9ion %>$ 9 common by a l>ge class ( m9ds1 & well wor?y ( our mo/ s]i\s consid]ation4 ,!y ?9k t ^? :o h embrac$ ! ,ca?olic religion h be5 driv51 by ! unre/ & we>9ess ( ! s\l1 to take a spiritual opiate--a metaphorical expression1 b "o ^: mean+ is s obvi\s t x ne$s no explanation4 ,!y ackn[l$ge ! exi/5ce ( ! same unre/ 9 _! own s\ls1 b refuse to accept ! rem$y (f]$ by ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 because !y imag9e t x c only produce its effect ( reliev+ ! pa9 ( ! s\l by sup]9duc+ an artificial sleep ( ! intellect4 ,! m9d mu/ slumb]1 intellig5ce mu/ cease its activity1 9 ord] t ! he>t may be made peaceful & happy 9 ! practice ( ! ,ca?olic religion4 ,!y are unwill+ to pur*ase re/ at su* a price1 &1 x may be1 w\ld be unable to d x if !y 7 will+4 ,!re=e1 !y pref] to endure ! pa9 ( d\bt1 ! re/lessness ( scepticism1 ! we>9ess ( a ye>n+ aft] an unkn[n good1 9 ! vague expectation ( f9d+ x at "s di/ant p]iod1 if n 9 ?is _w1 yet 9 "s future sph]e ( exi/5ce4 ,! objection ( ^! p]sons to ,ca?olicity is1 t x does n ackn[l$ge or adequately satisfy ! j dem&s ( ! intellect4 ,^? :o embrace x1 !y say1 _c ju/ify _! conv]sion on rational gr\nds1 or allege suffici5t & conclusive evid5ce ( ! tru? ( its doctr9es4 ,!y h ei!r nev] s\ght = a religion :i* satisfies reason1 or h ab&on$ _! se>* 9 despair1 & laid _! intellect to sleep ^u ! s(t pill[ ( an unreason+ submission to an au?ority t sup]s$es all ex]cise ( ?\ght1 & quiets all action ( intellig5ce4 ,! correctness ( ?is assumption is ! precise topic ( discussion we n[ propose4 ,x is evid5tly altoge!r useless to frame an argum5t on ! supposition t we h to deal ) any =m ( ,prote/ant or?odoxy1 s-call$4 ,p]sons :o pr(ess to believe 9 a def9ite sy/em ( doctr9e z reveal$ tru? _c admit any su* unsatisfi$ ye>n+s aft] tru? z ^? are ^: exi/5ce is d5ot$ by ! writ] ( ! p>agraphs we h cit$4 ,x is1 !re=e1 useless to take z data any ( ! pr9ciples or doctr9es ( ! common ,prote/ant !ology4 ,x is ) a sceptical /ate ( m9d we h to deal1 :i* rejects e receiv$ v]sion ( ,*ri/ianity z incomplete & unsatisfactory1 h[ev] x may admit1 9 a g5]al way1 t ,*ri/ianity itself is some?+ div9e4 ,we ?9k we may take x = grant$ t ! v /ate ( m9d indicat$ by ! language on :i* we are comm5t+ has be5 produc$ by a revolt ( ! reason aga9/ ,prote/ant !ology4 ,probably ^? ^: s5tim5ts are repres5t$ by ?is language h be5 m or less /rictly educat$ 9 ! t5ets ( "s "o ( ! ,prote/ant *ur*es4 #bia ,!y h f\nd ^! t5ets to be absurd--incr$ible2 bas$ on no solid evid5ce2 m]e individual !ories1 contradict$ by ! facts ( hi/ory & ! dictates ( mature reason4 ,!y h1 consequ5tly1 abjur$ all allegiance to any sect or s*ool ( ,prote/ant ,*ri/ianity1 & h fall5 back ^u _! own reason z ! expon5t ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 & ( all o!r religions1 z ! only crit]ion ( tru? 9 all ord]s ( ?\ght1 & ! only guide :i* has be5 giv5 to man amid ! p]plexities :i* beset 8 intellect on e side4 ,! ,ca?olic sy/em ( doctr9es is suppos$ to be ess5tially ! same ) or?odox ,prote/antism1 plus a few m dogmas1 a sy/em ( elaborate c]emonial1 & a peculi> hi]>*ical organization1 :i* op5ly claims & en=ces submission to its own doctr9al decisions & moral precepts z infallible & supreme4 ,! same absurdities :i* exi/ 9 ! ,prote/ant sy/em ( !ology are suppos$ to be conta9$ also 9 ! ,ca?olic sy/em4 ,x does n occur to ^! p]sons t ^! absurdities maybe trac$ to exagg]at$ or di/ort$ !ories respect+ ! anci5t dogmas ( ,*ri/ianity1 :i* are reject$ by ! ,ca?olic !ology1 & to ! incomplet5ess ( ! ,prote/ant sy/ems1 :i* are built up f fragm5ts ( ! sublime edifice !y h de/roy$1 )\t plan1 ord]1 or ar*itectural h>mony4 ,?is is1 h[ev]1 ! fact2 & :5 we speak ( ! unreasonabl5ess ( ! or?odox ,prote/ant =m ( ,*ri/ianity z ! occasion & temptation to scepticism1 we mu/ be und]/ood to speak 9 accordance ) ?is fact4 ,we d n mean to say t ! evid5ces ( ! div9e revelation & tru? ( ,*ri/ianity1 & a va/ body ( true & reasonable doctr9es1 are n reta9$ 9 ! ,prote/ant tea*+1 or t x makes scepticism ju/ifiable4 ,we m]ely int5d to say t x does n satisfy reason or comm& ass5t z a sy/em 9 all its ess5tial p>ts1 & !re=e leaves ! m9d 9 a bewild]m5t by its p>tial tru?s & p>tial errors1 :i* is ! occasion ( a k9d ( intellectual despair1 result+ frequ5tly 9 scepticism4 ,! truly rational "p w\ld be to hold on to ! conviction ( ! great facts ( ,*ri/ianity & its sub/antial tru?1 & to se>* = "s m reasonable & satisfactory exposition ( ! true mean+ ( ,*ri/ianity ?an t giv5 by ^! self-con/itut$1 unau?oriz$1 & mutually conflict+ expositors ( div9e revelation4 ,su* a se>* w\ld inevitably l& ! hone/ & p]sev]+ seek] 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 z x has done s _m & w s _m m 9 "t to come4 ,!re is a div9e philosophy 9 ! ,ca?olic religion :i* satisfies all ! legitimate dem&s ( reason--t same philosophy :i* attract$ ,dionysius ( ,a!ns1 ,s]gius ,paulus1 ,cornelius1 ,pud5s1 ,ju/91 ,tatian1 ,a!nagoras1 ,clem5t1 ,panta5us1 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 & a ho/ ( o!r noble intellects1 to ,*ri/ianity 9 ! days ( old1 & 9 :i* !y f\nd t p]5nial s\rce ( tru? f :i* ,socrates1 ,plato1 & ,ari/otle1 ,lao-,tseu & ,confucius1 _h only drawn "s rills4 ,x is n )9 ! scope ( our !sis to %[ positively ! tru? ( ! above affirmation4 ,we m]ely int5d to %[ t x is made2 t ! *ur* does n disall[ ! claims ( ! intellect1 or claim ! "r to outrage or ignore wants yet pr(\nd] ?an ^? :i* %e supplies2 t ! pursuit ( tru? z an ultimate object is n totally incompreh5sible to ^? :o yield ! allegiance ( _! m9ds to ! light ( fai?2 t !y d n conceive ( _! judgm5t1 w1 & reason1 z m]e c\nt]s ) :i* to pur*ase et]nal re/4 #bib ,:e!r ! ,ca?olic solution ( ! problems ( reason is objectively ! true "o is n ! direct aim ( our reason+4 ,! po9t is1 :e!r ,ca?olic !ology & philosophy propose any solution at all2 :e!r any class ( m9ds :o seek e>ne/ly aft] su* a solution f9d "o :i* !y hold & ma9ta9 to be completely satisfactory to reason 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,! writ] ^: language we h quot$ d5ies x1 & ,dr4 ,bell[s has rec5tly d5i$ x1 ass]t+ boldly t ^? :o h embrac$ ! ,ca?olic fai? h done s by a reaction f an extreme rationalism into sup]/ition4 ,:at is gratuit\sly ass]t$ may be gratuit\sly d5i$1 & we d5y x accord+ly4 ,"s few p]sons1 p]ceiv+ t !y 7 foll[+ pr9ciples :i* lead logically to ,pan!ism & ,a!ism1 & t !re is no real logical alt]native ( ! d5ial ( ,god except ,ca?olicity1 h be5 l$ to exam9e & embrace ! ,ca?olic fai?4 ,nei!r ,dr4 ,bell[s nor any o!r p]son pr(ess+ to be rational is entitl$ to call ?is act a sup]/iti\s "o1 unless x c be %[n t ! motives ( x are r$ucible to an irrational cr$ulity1 or a volunt>y submission to "s claim ( sup]natural au?ority :i* is de/itute ( probability1 on gr\nds :i* are incapable ( conv9c+ a prud5t man4 ,! rem>k ( ,dr4 ,bell[s is1 !re=e1 simply an intol]able imp]t95ce4 ,! /atem5t :i* he makes is1 moreov]1 false 9 po9t ( fact1 s9ce a l>ge proportion ( mod]n conv]ts to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* h travell$ ! road ( or?odox ,prote/antism1 & n t ( rationalism4 ,x is no less incorrect to /ate t x is only p]sons 9 :om ! s5tim5tal elem5t pr$om9ates :o f9d satisfaction = ! wants ( _! s\ls 9 ! ,ca?olic religion4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is absurd to suppose t ! legitimate crav+s or aspirations ( any "o "p ( human nature c be satisfi$ completely by t :i* is n real1 & !re=e n true4 ,tru?1 goodness1 & beauty are id5tical 9 respect to _! be+ or reality4 ,! religion :i* is adapt$ to "o class ( m9ds is adapt$ to all4 ,x is1 moreov]1 incorrect to r$uce all m5 to two classes--^? :o are l$ by ! logical faculty1 & ^? :o are l$ by s5sibility4 ,! intellig5ce has its intuitions 9 an ord] ( ?\ght f> sup]ior to ! m]e und]/&+4 ,! w has also a sublime range 9 an ord] f> sup]ior to ! sph]e ( s5sible emotions4 ,^? :o nev] occupy _! m9ds 9 any metaphysical or !ological speculations :atev] may1 !re=e1 9 _! spiritual nature1 appreh5d div9e tru? f> m imm$iately & p]fectly1 & may possess ! true/ & highe/ wisdom 9 a mu* m em95t s5se1 ?an ! mo/ acute philosoph]4 ,! int]ior or spiritual life1 moreov]1 ( ^? p]sons :o are r seek+ to p]fect _! s\ls 9 virtue ?an _! intellects 9 k1 is by no means a life ( indulg5ce 9 pleasurable emotions1 ! enjoym5ts ( s5sible devotion1 or any?+ else :i* gives s5sitive nature ! pabulum or ! opiates aft] :i* x hank]s4 ,?is :ole ord] ( ideas belongs to s5tim5tal ,prote/antism1 & is totally ali5 f ,ca?olic ascetics1 z is well kn[n to ! y\nge/ novice 9 any religi\s community4 #bic ,( c\rse we _c expect lit]>y g5tlem5 to und]/& ^! matt]s1 & _c wond] at ! mi/akes !y make :5 !y write ab\t !m4 ,we c ju/ly require ( !m no?+ m ?an a supreme love ( tru? = its own sake1 & a will+ness to see x :5 x is pres5t$ to !m4 ,any "o :o loves ! tru? on ?is po9t suffici5tly to read ,rodriguez on ,*ri/ian ,p]fection1 ,f4 ,bak]'s ,sancta ,sophia1 or ,f4 ,fab]'s ,gr[? 9 ,hol9ess1 c satisfy himself ( ! v l[ e/imate 9 :i* s5sible devotion is held by our spiritual writ]s4 ,if he %\ld wi% = a m ext5sive c\rse ( read+1 we w\ld recomm5d ,taul]'s ,s]mons & ! works ( ,/4 ,john ( ! ,cross4 ,he w !re see t ! pleasures ( s5sibility1 imag9ation1 ta/e1 ! affections1 ! romance & poetry ( religion1 are n condemn$ or rudely trampl$ on1 b simply relegat$ to ! l[e/ place1 made use ( z ! wait+-maids ( ! div9e wisdom & /rong virtue :i* con/itute solid p]fection4 ,! ,ca?olic religion satisfies n m]ely ! emotional nature ( man1 b 8 spiritual nature4 ,x c\ld n d ?is unless x 7 capable ( plac+ ! s\l 9 its true relation to its prop] object1 to its f9al end1 to its real de/9y1 & furni%+ x ) all ! means ( advanc+ cont9ually t[>d ! union ) ,god 9 :i* beatitude consi/s4 ,x c\ld n be capable ( do+ ?is unless x came f ,god2 &1 com+ f ,god1 x mu/ tea* ! tru? :i* is necess>y & adequate to ! p]fection ( ! reason1 z well z ! p]fection ( ! w4 ,we w take up ! "q1 h[ev]1 9 a m hi/orical & inductive mann]1 9 ord] to %[1 z a matt] ( fact1 t ^? m9ds 9 :i* ! logical faculty & ! ta/e = ! cultivation ( pure reason is m /rongly develop$ & active1 f9d an equal scope & satisfaction 9 ,ca?olicity ) ! o!r class above m5tion$4 ,"o ne$s b a mod]ate acqua9tance ) ! me?od & _s :i* h always prevail$ 9 ! great ,ca?olic s*ools to "k h[ p[]fully !y /imulate ! activity ( ! intellect1 awak5 ! ?ir/ = rational inve/igation1 enc\rage ! ef=t to p5etrate z f> z possible into ! doma9 ( ideal tru?1 & to trace ! relations ( all ?+s 9 ! _w ( ?\ght to _! fir/ & f9al cause4 ,! basis & f\ndation ( ! :ole /ructure ( ! high] education1 especially 9 ! dep>tm5t ( !ology1 is laid 9 a ?or\gh tra9+ 9 logic & philosophy4 ,! same logical & philosophical me?od p]vades ! entire sy/em ( !ological in/ruction4 ,e dogma ( fai?1 e op9ion ( ! s*ools1 e pr9ciple ( philosophy1 is subject$ to a rigid & critical analysis1 includ+ an exam9ation ( all ! difficulties & objections :i* h ev] be5 rais$ by ! adv]s>ies ( ! ,*ur*1 dur+ all pa/ ages & 9 ! pres5t4 ,9 ! !ses :i* ! /ud5ts ( !ology & philosophy are oblig$ to def5d1 cov]+ ! :ole field ( ^! high] sci5ces1 sceptical1 a!i/ical1 pan!i/ic1 infidel1 & h]etical argum5ts1 /at$ ) ! utmo/ logical subtlety ( :i* ! objector is possess$1 are pres5t$ )\t any re/riction or res]ve1 n only by o!r pupils b by ! pr(essors & o!r le>n$ !ologians4 ,9 ! univ]sities1 colleges1 & religi\s h\ses1 :]e bodies ( m5 are collect$ possess+ ! means & requisites = a life ( /udy & le>n$ labor1 !re is e facility & inducem5t af=d$ = ! mo/ ?or\gh prosecution ( e bran* ( human k :i* c possibly h any be>+ on ! advancem5t ( ! que5 & mi/ress ( all sci5ces1 !ology4 #bid ,moreov]1 9 mod]n times !re has sprung up among ! educat$ laity1 among ! /atesm51 pr(essional m51 s*ol>s1 & g5tlem5 ( leisure & intellectual ta/es1 a s*ool ( /ud5ts & au?ors 9 ! same high dep>tm5t ( ?\ght1 indep5d5t1 s f> z _! private & temporal int]e/s are conc]n$1 ( any ecclesia/ical au?ority1 & free to foll[ ! dictates ( _! reason & consci5ce :]ev] ^! may lead !m4 ,x is ! easie/ ?+ 9 ! _w to make a catalogue ( names1 illu/ri\s among ! advocates & def5d]s ( ! ,*ur*1 9 :om ! intellectual p[]s h be51 ?r\gh ! =ce ( native g5ius & acquir$ culture1 br\ght to ! highe/ grade ( developm5t4 ,bell>m9e1 ,su>ez1 ,canus1 ,cajetan1 ,sfondrati1 ,petavius1 ,mol9a1 ,g]dil1 ,?omass91 ,mabillon1 ,muratori1 ,bossuet1 ,malebran*e1 ,des ,c>tes1 ,galluppi1 ,rosm9i1 ,giob]ti1 ,ma/r(9i1 ,mai1 ,mezz(anti1 ,grres1 ,mhl]1 ,!9]1 ,lacordaire1 ,ozanam1 ,donoso ,cortes1 ,balmes1 ,wiseman1 ,engl&1 ,montalemb]t1 ,de ,broglie1 ,cant2 are ^! ! names ( m5 ( weak judgm5t & /rong emotions1 :o 7 ma/]$ by an unreason+1 pieti/ic s5tim5t8 ,or1 are !y ! names ( hypocrites & impo/ors1 :o pro/itut$ _! g5ius to ! support ( a cause :i* !y knew to be bas$ on falsehood1 illusion1 & deceit8 ,li/5 to ! words writt5 f 8 c\* ( pa9 by ,montalemb]t1 ne> ! close ( ! la/ volume ( 8 ,monks ( ! ,we/3 ,! m ,i advance 9 my labori\s & ?ankless task--t is to say1 ! ne>] ,i approa* to my grave--! m d ,i feel ma/]$ & ov]p[]$ by an ard5t & respectful love ( tru?1 ! m d ,i feel myself incapable ( betray+ tru?1 ev5 = ! b5efit ( :at ,i mo/ love "h bel[4 ,! m]e idea ( add+ a %ad[ to ^? :i* already %r\d x fills me ) horror4 ,to veil ! tru?1 to hide x1 to =sake x "u ! pret5ce ( s]v+ ! cause ( religion1 :i* is no?+ b supreme tru?1 w\ld be1 9 my op9ion1 to aggravate a lie by a k9d ( sacrilege4 ,=give me1 all timid & scrupul\s s\ls6 ,b ,i hold t 9 hi/ory ev]y?+ %\ld be sacrific$ to tru?--t x mu/ be always spok51 on e subject1 & 9 its full integrity4 ,footnote #abc ,footnote #abc3 ,monks ( ! ,we/1 vol4 v4 p4 #cje4 ,he> also ! language us$ by ! em95t hi/orian ,ces>e ,cant3 ,aft] hav+ replac$ ,*ri/ianity face to face ) hi/ory1 ) reason1 ) consci5ce2 aft] hav+ int]pret$ x ) all lib]ty ( m9d1 we feel ourselves confirm$ 9 our respect = ! ,ca?olic tradition4 ,we h drawn f our /udies new motives = ! conviction t ! actual organization ( ! *ur* is excell5t1 bo? = mod]at+ 9 a suitable degree ! sov]eignty ( ! small] numb]1 :ile at ! same "t infus+ a _s ( subord9ation into ! masses1 & also = procur+ ! l>ge/ possible dose ( happ9ess = m52 we mean by ?is t happ9ess :i* arises f ! volunt>y submission ( _! m9ds to a mild & p]suasive moral p[]1 & n to a m]e co]cive re/ra9t4 ,footnote #abd ,footnote #abd3 ,la ,r=me en ,itilie1 pref4 p4 xi4 ,?is is n ! language ( sup]/ition or ( un9tellig5t en?usiasm1 b ( calm1 well-reason$ conviction1 ! language ( m5 supremely devot$ to ! pursuit ( tru? = its own sake2 & x is b a fair specim5 ( ! language ( all ! great advocates ( ! ,ca?olic religion4 ,x w\ld be utt]ly impossible = any sy/em1 de/itute ( solid f\ndations & unsupport$ by reasonable pro(s1 to endure ! p]petual & ?or\gh rese>*es & inve/igations c>ri$ on by a va/ body ( le>n$ m5 9 ! ,ca?olic s*ools = ages1 ) ! full approbation & enc\ragem5t ( ! highe/ au?orities 9 ! *ur*4 ,! !ory t su* a set ( m5 c\ld be made ! dupes ( an arbitr>y au?ority adm9i/]$ ) ! int5tion ( sway+ ! m9ds ( m5 by a sy/ematic violation ( all ! rights ( reason1 or made ! p>tisans & uphold]s ( :at !y knew to be an impo/ure1 is too incr$ible = any?+ less ?an a b\ndless cr$ulity to embrace4 #bie ,let u turn our att5tion n[ to t class ( m9ds nurtur$ 9 anti-,ca?olic op9ions1 ov] :om ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has rega9$ 9 "p or completely an influ5ce1 br++ !m to ! recognition ( h] div9e au?ority4 ,:at is ! =ce :i* has made itself felt at ! great di/ance to :i* ! ,prote/ant m9d has be5 viol5tly ?r[n by ! revolution ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 & :i* has drawn back t[>d ! ,ca?olic c5tre a body ( p]sons :o _c be ei!r ignor$ or despis$ )\t ! mo/ /olid prejudice or ! %e]e/ affectation8 ,is x a m]e =ce :i* is capable ( act+ only on ! emotions1 ! imag9ation1 ! s5sible portion ( ! nature ( individuals 9 :om reason does n ex]cise h] j & rightful supremacy8 ,are !re none :o h be5 l$ by ! philosophy ( hi/ory1 by metaphysics1 by !ological reason+1 by ! inve/igation ( ,scripture1 by ! se>* = a supreme & univ]sal sci5ce1 by ! d$uctions ( logic1 & ! inductions ( exp]i5ce & obs]vation1 to a calm & rational conviction t ! highe/ wisdom & ! mo/ p]fect law are embodi$ 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*8 ,! /atem5t ( ,"l ,macaulay is famili> to all1 t ! doctr9es ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* h h]et(ore comm&$ ! ass5t ( ! wise/ & be/ ( mank9d1 & may !re=e comm& ! ass5t ( m5 simil> to !m 9 ! future4 ,a fair exam9ation ( ! "q w conv9ce any "o ( ! fact1 :i* _c be ga9said by any "o pr(ess+ to love ! tru? supremely = its own sake1 t numb]s ( m5 fully qualifi$ to judge ( evid5ce & to compreh5d ! mo/ ab/ruse reason+ h giv5 ! homage ( _! m9ds to ,ca?olic doctr9e precisely because ( ! inv9cible logic bo? ( facts & argum5ts by :i* its tru? 0 demon/rat$ to _! reason4 ,leibnitz is "o in/ance 9 po9t4 ,al?\gh he nev] jo9$ ! communion ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 yet ! :ole weight ( 8 au?ority z a philosoph] & a !ologian is on ! side ( ! ,ca?olic pr9ciples & doctr9es1 :i* are ! mo/ obnoxi\s to our mod]n rationali/s4 ,! same is true ( ,b>on ,/>k1 ! au?or ( ! ,banquet ( ,!odulus4 ,! celebrat$ ,leo1 "o ( ! greate/ hi/orians ( ,g]many1 began 8 c>e] z a ,pan!i/1 & by 8 pr(\nd hi/orical /udies 0 br\ght to a full conviction ( ! div9e au?ority ( revelation1 & ( ! necessity ( a return to ! communion ( ! ,holy ,see on ! "p ( all ! diss5ti5t & sep>at$ communions4 ,8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory is an irrefutable argum5t = ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity & ! au?ority ( ! ,roman ,*ur*4 ,al?\gh1 !re=e1 none ( ^! ?ree di/+ui%$ m5 c be c\nt$ among ! conv]ts to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 yet _! names c be cit$ 9 support ( ! position we h tak51 s9ce we are p]suad$ t our c&id oppon5ts w admit t /rict logical consi/5cy w\ld require any "o admitt+ _! premises to draw ! practical conclusion t x is obligatory on 8 consci5ce to become a memb] ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 #bif ,hurt]1 ,phillipps1 & ,/olb]g are in/ances ( ,g]man s*ol>s :om pr(\nd & le>n$ /udies br\ght to a full ,ca?olic conviction4 ,mayne de ,biran is an example ( a philosoph]1 :o reason$ himself out ( infidelity into a firm conviction ( ! tru? ( ! ,ca?olic religion by a metaphysical process4 ,pass+ by ^? well-kn[n p]sons 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica ^: education 0 ecclesia/ical1 we may cite an ,engli%man1 ,sir ,george ,b[y]1 & an ,am]ican1 ,judge ,burnett1 fir/ gov]nor ( ,cali=nia1 z in/ances ( m5 :o appli$ ! pr9ciples ( law & jurisprud5ce to ! evid5ce ( ! claims ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & 7 l$ to submit to !m by a process ( legal argum5t1 :i* ! latt] g5tleman has develop$ at l5g? 9 8 able "w1 entitl$ ,! ,pa? :i* l$ a ,prote/ant ,lawy] to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,! late ,dr4 ,bell+]1 ( ,*>le/on1 ,s4 ,c41 a physician :o /ood at ! head ( ! m$ical pr(ession 9 8 ,/ate1 devot$ ?irte5 ye>s to a c>eful /udy ( ! ,ca?olic doctr9es1 be=e he publicly embrac$ !m4 ,among ^? :o h devot$ _! p5s to ! ,ca?olic cause 9 our own c\ntry1 :e!r !y h be5 educat$ to ! ,ca?olic fai? or h be5 conv]t$ to x f ,prote/antism1 )\t d\bt ! man :o surpasses all o!rs 9 intellectual p[] is ,dr4 ,br[nson4 ,no "o w\ld ?9k ( reckon+ him among devotees or dilettanti4 ,if ,dr4 ,bell[s 7 to express 8 op9ion ^u ! motives :i* induc$ him to submit 8 mascul9e intellig5ce to ! tea*+ ( ! *ur*1 he w\ld probably ackn[l$ge t he _h him *iefly 9 view :5 he made ! /atem5t ref]r$ to 9 a =m] "p ( ?is article4 ,t is1 he w\ld say t ,dr4 ,br[nson's conv]sion to ,ca?olicity 0 an act ( intellectual despair1 a suicide committ$ by 8 reason because ( its failure to atta9 by its own ef=ts t transc5d5tal sci5ce aft] :i* x 0 aspir+4 ,! reply to ?is is ! same :i* ,a,eschylus made be=e ! judge at ^: tribunal he 0 accus$ ( hav+ lo/ ! use ( 8 reason ?r\gh old age4 ,he recit$ a play :i* he _h rec5tly compos$1 z evid5ce t 8 intellect /ill rema9$ 9 its pri/9e vigor4 ,& s ,dr4 ,br[nson may ) equal ju/ice po9t to ! unansw]$ & unansw]able works :i* 8 p5 has produc$ s9ce 8 conv]sion1 & *all5ge ^? :o pret5d t he has yield$ 8 m9d to an irrational sup]/ition to refute ! argum5ts ( 8 ,essays & ,! ,conv]t4 ,! m]e ef=t to read und]/&+ly ! latt] book is ! sev]e/ tax :i* any ord9>y bra9 c submit to4 ,! philosophical articles publi%$ 9 ! ,review1 :i* ,dr4 ,br[nson conduct$ ) su* rem>kable ability = a long p]iod1 surpass by f> any specim5s ( metaphysical writ+ conta9$ 9 ! ,engli% language4 ,! frivolity ( ! age1 & v>i\s causes connect$ ) tempor>y & p]sonal controv]sies1 h prev5t$ ! full recognition ( ! value & m]it ( ^! philosophical essays1 :i* x is probable !y w receive 9 ! future "t4 ,! doctor has writt5 a va/ am\nt on a great numb] ( topics bo? ecclesia/ical & secul>1 s9ce he devot$ 8 labors to ! ,ca?olic cause1 & no d\bt !re are _m inconsi/5t & v>y+ op9ions to be f\nd 9 8 works1 especially 9 reg>d to matt]s outside ! doma9 ( pure philosophy & !ology4 ,nev]!less1 9 our judgm5t1 :i* we believe po/]ity w ratify1 ! pure gold /&s 9 a v l>ge proportion to ! ore1 & w only become bright5$ & purifi$ by ! sev]e/ te/s ( ! crucible :i* r$uces e reputation to its j dim5sions4 #big ,we believe t ,dr4 ,br[nson's writ+s conta9 ! mo/ complete refutation ( ! sceptical1 pan!i/ic1 s5si/1 & pseudo-inductive or positivi/ errors ( ! day1 z well z ( ! *ief het]odox sy/ems ( doctr9e4 ,9 t noble/ & mo/ ess5tial portion ( philosophy :i* includes ontology & !odicy1 he has laid d[n ! metaphysical basis ( natural !ology ) a ,platonic dep? & an ,ari/otelian precision ( reason+4 ,beside ! massive /ructure ( argum5ts respect+ ! positive evid5ces ( ! au?ority & infallibility ( ! *ur* :i* he has erect$1 a "w 9 :i* he has _m able compe]s1 :o ?\gh n m logical are m erudite ?an himself1 he has ?r[n out "s ma/]pieces 9 t m difficult & m r>ely execut$ bran* ( labor1 ! exposition ( ! hidd51 ab/ruse h>monies betwe5 rational tru?s & ! my/]ies ( fai?4 ,presc9d+ all "q respect+ ! fact ( 8 hav+ pres5t$ ! ,ca?olic doctr9e 9 su* a light z to demon/rate its reasonabl5ess1 :i* is n ! po9t at issue1 he has at lea/ attempt$ x4 ,he has %[n t a man c be a ?or\gh-go+1 or?odox ,ca?olic1 & at ! same "t a philosoph] 9 ! highe/ & be/ s5se ( ! ^w4 ,^! in/ances are only examples & illu/rations ( a g5]al rule4 ,! two maxims ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 intellectum valde ama1 & fides qua]5s intellectum h always be5 & are n[ maxims ( ! ,ca?olic s*ools4 ,! *ur* has no fe> ( light1 no dread ( ! progress ( sci5ce2 9 po9t ( fact1 ! greate/ ob/acles :i* advocates ( ! ,ca?olic cause h to cont5d ) are ignorance1 disreg>d ( ! laws ( logic1 & ! lack ( belief 9 ! reality & c]ta9ty ( ! affirmations or judgm5ts ( pure reason4 ,x is only sl[ly & ) great difficulty t we c get ! public ei!r ( writ]s or read]s to pay att5tion to ! facts ( hi/ory1 & ca/ away ! fables ) :i* !y h be5 dup$ !mselves & dup+ o!rs = s long4 ,x is equally difficult to =ce ! controv]sy respect+ philosophical & !ological pr9ciples to ! true logical issues1 to get att5tion to our argum5ts1 or to extract f our oppon5ts any cle> & di/9ct answ]s to !m1 or def9ite & precise /atem5ts ( _! own positions4 ,bi%op ,engl& sc>cely did any?+ else 9 8 ma/]ly controv]sies ?an to po9t out ! rules ( logic violat$ by 8 oppon5ts1 & ! mis/atem5ts ( hi/orical facts & ,ca?olic doctr9es made by !m4 ,! tru? is1 t our conflict is f> less ) any positive sy/em ( het]odoxy or rationalism ?an ) a vague b univ]sal scepticism4 ,x is n s mu* t m5 disbelieve 9 ! specific doctr9es ( revelation1 z t !y disbelieve 9 ! exi/5ce ( any tru?4 ,! p[] ( reason1 ! capacity ( ! intellect to grasp ! intelligible1 ! c]ta9ty ( rational pr9ciples & logical d$uctions1 ! dignity ( philosophy1 are n exagg]at$1 !y are depreciat$4 ,^? :o revolt f ! legitimate & supreme au?ority ( ,god1 div9e revelation1 & ! infallible tea*+ ( ! *ur* ov] ! m9d ( man1 are n ! legitimate (fspr+ ( ! anci5t philosoph]s1 or ! true cont9uators ( philosophy4 ,! anci5t philosoph]s ( ,greece & ,*9a recogniz$ ! ne$ ( a div9e revelation1 a sup]natural light1 a tea*] s5t f ,god4 ,! :ole civiliz$ _w ( hea!nism 0 gasp+ 9 agony = ! adv5t ( ! div9e ,r$eem] :5 he appe>$ on ! e>?4 #bih ,our mod]n self-/yl$ rationali/s h turn$ _! backs on t light t[>d :i* ,lao-,tseu1 ,confucius1 ,socrates1 & ,plato _h _! faces turn$2 & !y h cut !mselves loose f ! traditional wisdom1 n only ( ,*ri/ianity & ,judaism1 b ( all ! sages ( hea!ndom & ( ! :ole human race4 ,consequ5tly1 !y are smitt5 ) intellectual dea?1 !y _c advance or con/ruct2 !y c only g backw>d1 de/roy1 d\bt1 d5y1 groan ) despair+ agony1 & die4 ,! mod]n lit]ature ( unbelief is ei!r a sne] or a lam5t2 z to philosophy1 x has fall5 into contempt1 & is g5]ally sc\t$4 ,^? :o pr(ess to h&le grave !mes 9 e>ne/ are usually inconsequ5t1 vague1 full ( hypo!ses & r&om /atem5ts2 by _! own confession m]e w&]]s 9 se>* ( tru? :o h lo/ _! way2 rhetoricians1 guess]s1 m5 :o tea* n z hav+ au?ority1 ev5 ! au?ority ( reason1 b z ! ,scribes4 ,! few m5 :o possess r>e native philosophical g5ius1 l ,mill & ,sp5c]1 hav+ no pr9ciples or data to beg9 )1 imitate ! great ma/] ( mod]n philosophical scepticism1 ,immanuel ,kant1 & p]v]t reason & logic into an in/rum5t = de/roy+ all true intellectual sci5ce4 ,mr4 ,mill d5ies t we "k t x is a necess>y & univ]sal tru? t two & two make f\r4 ,x may be !re=e t 9 "s future /ate ( exi/5ce he w h ! same evid5ce t "o is equal to two :i* he n[ has t "o is only equal to "o1 & t he is !re=e "s "o else z well z himself1 & p]haps responsible = all ! crimes committ$ by ,caligula4 ,nev]!less1 he assures u t ! ideas ( ju/ice & "r 9 ,god mu/ be ! same t !y are 9 8 own m9d1 & t if any puni%m5t is inflict$ on him h]eaft]1 :i* does n accord ) 8 pres5t s5se ( ju/ice1 he w nev] admit ! "r ( inflict+ x4 ,yet1 ^u 8 own pr9ciples1 he _c be sure t 8 own ideas ( "r & ju/ice w n be totally alt]$ 9 ! next _w1 & t 8 reason w n compel him to admit t :at n[ seems to him unju/ w !n appe> to be precisely ! contr>y4 ,no matt]1 !re=e1 h[ absurd may be ! doctr9es :i* are pr(ess$ z dogmas by any religi\s sect1 no foll[] ( ,mr4 ,mill c h any "r to reject !m on purely rational gr\nds4 ,mr4 ,sp5c] labori\sly argues to conv9ce u t we are compell$ by ! pr9ciples ( logic to admit ! tru? ( a numb] ( directly contradictory propositions1 & t consequ5tly all pure metaphysics are wor?less1 & all t is wor? kn[+ is unkn[able4 ,:5 su* laughable follies are s]i\sly put =? & laud$ to ! skies z ! sum ( human wisdom 9 its mo/ advanc$ /age ( progress1 & :5 ! fanciful hypo!ses ( ,d>w9 are vaunt$ z sci5ce by m5 :o pr(ess to foll[ ! inductive philosophy1 x is ! turn ( ! advocates ( revelation & ! my/]ies ( ! ,ca?olic fai? to cry out ^u ! outrage t is put ^u reason1 & to d]ide ! cr$ulity ( ^? :o c be dup$ by su* crude absurdities4 ,human reason & ! m9d ( man are inde$ extremely weak & fallible if ! e/imate ( !m made by ^! sceptical writ]s is to be tak5 z correct4 ,weak & fallible z !y are1 & incapable ( affirm+ any?+ 9 ! ord] ( pure reason & objective reality1 accord+ to ?is humiliat+ !ory1 yet nev]!less !y c be =c$ to admit z mu* reality 9 ! reveal$ tru?s ( ! ,ca?olic fai? z 9 any?+ else4 #bii ,! capacity ( ! m9d to take note ( p>ticul> facts & ph5om5a1 & by induction to r$uce ^! p>ticul>s to g5]al laws1 & also ! necessity ( foll[+ practical reason z an actual guide1 w be admitt$ ev5 by ! mo/ extreme unbeliev]s4 ,! facts & ph5om5a produc$ by ! action ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* on ! human race1 & by ,jesus ,*ri/ himself 9 8 life1 dea?1 & resurrection1 z obs]v$ & atte/$ by compet5t witnesses1 j z mu* w>rant u 9 mak+ ! induction t he is a sup]human intellig5ce1 z all ! obs]vations ( a/ronomy w>rant u 9 accept+ ! helioc5tric !ory ( ,cop]nicus4 ,practical reason tells u t ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/ z expla9$ by ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is good = mank9d1 & ! safe/ rule we c foll[4 ,if1 !re=e1 we f9d probable evid5ce ( ! fact t ,jesus ,*ri/ has taught c]ta9 doctr9es ?r\gh ! *ur* reg>d+ t sph]e ( ! unkn[able into :i* reason _c p5etrate1 x w\ld seem to be ! dictate ( good s5se & ( a "r consci5ce t we %\ld submit to t tea*+4 ,! p[] ( object+ to any doctr9e t does n satisfy reason or app>5tly contradicts x has be5 surr5d]$4 ,reason _c judge ( ! unkn[able4 ,we h all ! c]ta9ty t ! case admits ( t ,jesus ,*ri/ possesses a reason ( high] ord] to :i* t :i* is unkn[able to u is cle>ly intelligible1 & t he has decl>$ to u ! tru? ( ^! doctr9es4 ,we h1 moreov]1 evid5ce ( 8 b5evol5ce & v]acity1 & !re=e all ! motives :i* we are capable ( appreciat+ comb9e to induce u to give ! same ass5t to 8 tea*+ t we d to any g5]ally receiv$ tru?s4 ,ev5 on ?is l[ level1 ,*ri/ianity & ,ca?olicity c /& _! gr\nd f> bett] ?an any o!r subject ( analytical inve/igation4 ,x is true t logically & philosophically we atta9 only to ! app>5t & ! ab/ract tru? ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,b if ! individual ass]ts = himself1 or ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* ass]ts = h]self1 a sup]natural light1 an illum9ation ( ! intellect giv+ c]ta9ty1 h[ c ! allegation be refut$8 ,h[ c any advocate ( ! ignoramus !ory %[ t1 if we are naturally 9 su* a deep d>kness ( ! unkn[able1 x is n probable t ,god w\ld s5d a ray ( sup]natural light to enlight5 u8 ,! natural outcry ( "o 9 su* a /ate w\ld be1 ,o my ,god6 if !re be a ,god1 s5d ! light ( tru?1 if !re is any tru?1 to enlight5 my s\l1 if ,i h a s\l6 ,we w leave1 h[ev]1 ?is s(t & m>%y gr\nd to ^? :o l ! prospect ( fight+ ! enemies ( ,*ri/ianity 9 su* a region ( swamps & sl\ghs4 ,we retort ! *>ge ( ignor+ or outrag+ reason ^u our adv]s>ies 9 a f> diff]5t way4 ,we accuse !m n only ( reject+ revelation b ( d5y+ reason1 & 9 _! assault ^u ! sup]natural ord] ( subv]t+ ! natural ord] ^u :i* x is bas$4 ,we affirm t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* n only protects revelation & grace1 b reason & nature1 by ! aegis ( h] au?ority aga9/ a univ]sal d\bt or d5ial4 ,%e affirms ! exi/5ce ( ! spiritual1 ?9k+1 reason+ pr9ciple 9 man z a tru? kn[n ) infallible c]ta9ty by ! v light ( reason itself1 & !re=e affirms ! intr9sic infallibility ( reason )9 its prop] sph]e4 ,x is to reason t x app]ta9s to judge ( ! evid5ces ( revelation4 ,& al?\gh reason does n furni% a positive crit]ion :]e) to judge ! intr9sic cr$ibility ( my/]ies transc5d+ ! grasp ( reason1 yet x is ackn[l$g$ by all !ologians t x is compet5t to apply a negative crit]ion & to reject :atev] is propos$ z a reveal$ tru? :i* is evid5tly or demon/rably contr>y to ! pr9ciples ( reason or to c]ta9 facts4 #cjj ,:]e n[ does ! collision exi/ betwe5 reason & fai?1 sci5ce & revelation8 ,is ! exi/5ce ( ,god ! po9t :]e reason is outrag$8 ,! advocates ( ! ,ca?olic religion always pr(ess to demon/rate t tru? f reason1 & x c h>dly be pret5d$ t _! a!i/ical or pan!i/ical oppon5ts h ev] ?or\ghly refut$ _! argum5ts or demon/rat$ a contr>y doctr9e4 ,! cr$ibility ( ! div9e revelation is also prov$ by evid5ce & argum5t1 & x is c]ta9ly r bold to say t ?is entire fabric ( le>n+ & ?\ght is s palpably weak z to be an outrage on reason4 ,! in/itution1 au?ority1 & infallibility ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* are e/abli%$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,&1 al?\gh ! my/]ies ( fai? are n demon/rat$ by _! nexus ) necess>y metaphysical tru?s1 all ! argum5ts br\ght f reason aga9/ !m are repell$ by simil> argum5ts1 & _! h>mony ) rational tru?s is %[n 9 s f> z reason p>tially appreh5ds _! relations4 ,:]e9 consi/s ! palpable1 op5 d5ial ( ! rights ( reason8 ,is x d5i$ t ,god c make a revelation ( tru?s :i* surpass ! grasp ( reason1 or t he has done x1 or t ! *ur* has au?ority to proclaim x8 ,at :atev] po9t we are met by ! accusation ( pr(ess$ly & op5ly d5y+ ! rights ( reason & impos+ on x a tyranny1 or /upefy+ x by a soporific drug1 t accusation mu/ be specific & mu/ be su/a9$ by pro(s4 ,vague ass]tions w n d4 ,:]e are ! self-evid5t or demon/rat$ tru?s1 :]e are ! und5iable1 indubitable facts1 :i* are contradict$ by any dogma ( ! ,ca?olic fai?1 or any def9ition :i* ! supreme au?ority 9 ! *ur* requires u to believe z an infallible expression ( ! tru?8 ,:]e is ! flaw 9 ! :ole /ructure ( ! ,ca?olic argum5t8 ,! advocates ( ! ,ca?olic cause _c desire any?+ m he>tily ?an t ! :ole subject %\ld be br\ght to ! te/ ( ! mo/ /r+5t logic1 & t all ! claims ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* %\ld be confront$ ) ! :ole array ( tru?s t c be demon/rat$ by philosophy1 & ( facts t c be e/abli%$ by hi/ory or sci5ce4 ---------- #cja ,f ,! ,fr5* ,( ,erckmann ,& ,*atrian4 ,! ,invasion2 ,or1 ,yeg( ,! ,fool4 ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,! f>m-h\se pres5t$ a bu/l+ sc5e :5 ,jean-,claude1 ,doctor ,lorqu91 & ! o!rs arriv$4 ,! kit*5-fire _h be5 blaz+ s9ce day-break1 & old ,du*ne 0 draw+ f ! ov5 innum]able loaves ( bread1 ! fre%1 crisp odor ( :i* fill$ ! :ole h\se4 ,annette pil$ !m 9 heaps beside ! he>?1 ,l\ise wait$ ^u ! gue/s1 & ,ca!r9e saw to ev]y?+4 ,hull91 f 8 seat1 gaz$ at 8 old c\s94 ,:at a woman %e is6 he mutt]$4 ,%e =gets no?+4 ,comrades1 he exclaim$1 to ,ca!r9e ,lefevre's heal?6 ,to ,ca!r9e's heal?6 cri$ ! o!rs2 & ! glasses cl9k$ 9 ! mid/ ( discussions on battles1 attacks1 def5ces1 & retreats4 ,e "o 0 full ( *e]ful confid5ce2 e "o decl>$ t all w\ld g well4 ,b heav5 _h /ill a joy res]v$ = t day--especially = ,l\ise & ,"m ,lefevre4 ,t[>d noon1 :5 ! bright sun%9e sp>kl$ on ! sn[ & melt$ ! fro/ ^u ! w9d[-panes1 old ,yohan1 ! too?less & almo/ bl9d wat*dog1 began to bay s joy\sly t all pres5t /opp$ talk+1 & li/5$4 ,:at c x mean8 ?\ght ,ca!r9e4 ,s9ce my boy's dep>ture ,yohan has n b>k$ l t4 ,swift /eps 7 he>d cross+ ! y>d2 ,l\ise sprang to ! door2 a soldi] appe>$ on ! ?re%old--b a soldi] s worn1 ?91 we>y1 & ragg$--8 old grey great-coat s torn1 8 canvas gait]s s tatt]$1 t a murmur ( pity ran f m\? to m\?4 ,he seem$ unable to g a /ep fur!r1 & sl[ly plac$ ! butt ( 8 musket ^u ! gr\nd2 8 face 0 ! color ( bronze1 b 8 unkempt m\/a*es trembl$1 8 *eeks grew pale b5ea? _! br[n sk91 & 8 holl[ eyes fill$ ) te>s :5 he gaz$ on ! p>ty )94 ,)\t1 ! old dog b>k$1 :9$1 & tugg$ at 8 *a92 )91 y c\ld he> ! fire crackle 9 ! deep sil5ce4 ,b 9 a mom5t ,ca!r9e _h ru%$ =w>d1 & 0 hang+ ^u ! soldi]'s neck4 ,gasp>d6 ,gasp>d6 my boy6 %e cri$1 :ile ! te>s bur/ f h] eyes4 ,yes1 "m6 he repli$1 9 a voice *ok$ by a sob4 ,!n ,l\ise sobb$ too1 & !n ! :ole kit*5 0 fill$ ) voices4 ,gasp>d's "n 0 on e tongue1 & e h& 0 /ret*$ =? to clasp 84 ,b ! "m w\ld n yet give up h] son2 ! woman1 a mom5t be=e s /rong1 s brave1 s resolute1 /ill hung weep+ ^u 8 neck1 8 br[n hair m+l+ ) h] grey locks1 z he murmur$3 ,"m6 "m6 h[ (t5 h ,i ?\ght ( ?is meet+6 ,b :]e is ,l\ise8 he said4 ,i ?\ght ,i saw h]4 ,& !n ,l\ise ran =w>d1 blu%+1 :ile %e exclaim$3 #cjb ,i knew x 0 ,gasp>d6 ,i knew him by 8 /ep6 ,& old ,du*5e1 twirl+ 8 cotton cap 9 8 h&1 mutt]$3 ,great heav5 ,is t my poor *ild 9 su* a plight8 ,he _h tak5 c>e ( ,gasp>d f infancy1 &1 s9ce 8 dep>ture1 _h always imag9$ him fre% & /\t1 9 a f9e blue uni=m ) r$ fac+s4 ,he /ruggl$ to collect 8 ideas s rudely scatt]$4 ,b 8 fri5ds surr\nd$ ! "y soldi]2 8 musket1 8 %ako1 8 knapsack1 & 8 belts 7 m]rily captur$1 & at la/ old ,hull9 cri$1 ) moi/ eyes3 ,poor ,gasp>d6 ,h[ glad ,i am to see y safe & s\nd6 ,ha6 ha6 he cont9u$1 try+ h>d to laugh1 ,i w\ld r1 ?\gh1 see y z y are ?an ) ! fat1 r\nd *eeks y took away ) y4 ,y are a man n[2 y rem9d me ( ! old days ( ! ,sambre & ( ,egypt4 ,ha6 ha6 ha6 our noses 7 %>p en\gh !n1 my boy2 & our tee? 7 long & %>p too4 ,yes1 yes2 ,i "k :at t means1 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude2 b let u sit d[n & talk4 ,:at is go+ on8 ,:at br+s y all to ! f>m8 ,h y n he>d8 ,all ! c\ntry is 9 arms1 f ,la ,h\pe to ,sa9t-,sauveur1 & ,i am comm&]-9-*ief4 ,hurrah6 ,!n ! ,kais]lik begg>s %a'n't f9d a road "h s easily4 ,b pass me ! knife4 ,t ham is n yet f9i%$4 ,sit by me1 ,l\ise1 & help me to ! bread4 ,a few days l ?is w\ld soon make my bones gr[ small]4 ,!y w\ldn't "k me 9 ! company4 ,all wond]$ at ! spe$ ) :i* ! provisions disappe>$4 ,! soldi]'s eyes (t5 turn$ to 8 "m & ,l\ise1 & he smil$ sadly z he gaz$ ^u !m2 b all ?is 0 )\t los+ "t 9 8 attack4 ,! poor fell[ 0 well-nigh fami%$1 & old ,du*5e mutt]$1 z he look$ at him3 ,great heav56 ,no wond] t s _m die ( want6 ,b tell u1 ,gasp>d1 said ,hull91 )\t int]rupt+ y\r breakfa/1 h[ comes x t y are "h8 ,we ?\ght y on ! banks ( ! ,rh9e1 ne> ,/rasb\rg4 ,aha6 ,i und]/& y1 repli$ ,gasp>d1 ) a kn[+ w9k ( ! eye2 y mean t !re are a good _m des]t]s runn+ ab\t1 don't y8 ,su* an idea 9 reg>d to y nev] /ruck me1 & yet-- ,y w\ld n be sorry to "k t ,i am all "r4 ,well1 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude1 y are "r2 = :oev] runs f roll-call :5 ! ,kais]liks are 9 ,france1 des]ves to be %ot4 ,b look "h4 ,hull9 took a pap] :i* ! "y man held out to him & read3 ,tw5ty-f\r h\rs' leave is giv5 to ! gr5adi] ,gasp>d ,lefevre4 ,janu>y #c;d1 #ahad4 ,gemeau1 ,*ief ( ,battalion4 ,v good1 said ! old man2 put x 9 y\r knapsack2 y might lose x4 ,y see1 my fri5ds1 he cont9u$ gayly1 ,i "k all ab\t ?is ?+ call$ love4 ,x is v good & v bad1 b p>ticul>ly bad = "y soldi]s :o happ5 to be ne> _! village aft] a campaign4 ,!y sometimes =get !mselves & return to camp ) ?ree or f\r g5d>mes %[+ !m ! way4 ,i h se5 x once or twice4 ,b1 n[1 z ev]y?+ is 9 ord]1 let u dr9k a glass to ,gasp>d's heal?4 ,:at say y1 ,ca!r9e8 ,! m5 f ! ,s>re may be "h any mom5t1 s we h no "t to lose4 #cjc ,y are "r1 ,jean-,claude1 repli$ ! old woman sadly4 ,annette1 g to ! cell> & br+ ?ree bottles "h6 ,b y\r leave1 ,gasp>d1 %e ask$2 h[ long does x la/8 ,i receiv$ x la/ night at eight o'clock at ,vasselonne4 ,! regim5t is retreat+ on ,lorra9e1 & ,i mu/ rejo9 x ?is ev5+ at ,phalsb\rg4 ,!n y h yet sev5 h\rs be=e y2 y w only ne$ six to rea* !re1 al?\gh !re is mu* sn[ on ,fox?al4 ,! good woman sat by h] son2 h] he>t beat pa9fully2 %e c\ld n conceal h] tr\ble4 ,l\ise lean$ on ,gasp>d's worn-out epaulette & sobb$4 ,hull9 b5t 8 br[s1 b said no?+ until ! bottles arriv$ & ! glasses 7 fill$4 ,come1 come1 ,l\ise6 he cri$1 ,c\rage6 ,^! w>s _c la/ = ev]2 !y mu/ end "o way or ! o!r2 & !n ,gasp>d w return1 & we %all h a m]ry w$d+ ( x4 ,he fill$ up ! glasses1 & ,ca!r9e dri$ h] eyes1 mutt]+1 h[ev]1 z %e did s3 ,& to ?9k t ^? robb]s are ! cause ( all ?is6 ,b let !m come6 ,!y w rue x4 ,! old w9e1 h[ev]1 *e]$ all1 & ,gasp>d told ! /ory ( ,bautz51 ,lutz51 ,leipsic1 & ,hanau1 :]e conscripts f\ght l vet]ans1 w9n+ victory aft] victory until treason ru9$ all4 ,e "o li/5$ 9 sil5ce4 ,jean-,claude's eyes fla%$ z he he>d h[ riv]s 7 =d$ & cross$ amid /orms ( %ells & bullets2 h[ batt]ies 7 c>ri$ by ! bayonet alone2 & h[ huss>s & cossacks 7 hurl$ back f ! /eady squ>es4 ,! doctor inquir$ p>ticul>ly ab\t ! positions ( ! field-hospitals2 ,mat]ne & 8 sons b5t =w>d ) e>s erect1 & lips press$ tight toge!r1 fe>+ to lose a ^w2 ,ca!r9e look$ ) pride ^u a son :o _h borne a "p 9 sc5es ov] :i* ages w grieve or rejoice2 & ! ardor ( all pres5t m\nt$ to ! highe/ pit* z m ?an "o mutt]$ t ! end 0 n yet4 ,at l5g? ! h\r = ,gasp>d's dep>ture arriv$4 ,he arose1 b :5 ,l\ise clung to 8 neck & ) sobs implor$ him to /ay1 ! color left 8 *eeks4 ,i am a soldi]1 he said2 my "n is ,gasp>d ,lefevre2 ,i love !e a ?\s& times bett] ?an my life2 b ,i mu/ n disgrace t "n4 ,he unclasp$ h] arms1 & ,hull9 tore !m ap>t4 ,well said6 cri$ ! old sabot-mak]2 & spok5 z a man %\ld speak4 ,ca!r9e buckl$ ! knapsack on h] son's back2 %e did s calmly1 b h] br[s 7 knitt$1 & %e tri$ h>d to press h] quiv]+ lips tightly toge!r1 :ile two great te>s roll$ d[n h] wr9kl$ *eeks4 ,g--g--my *ild1 %e sobb$1 & take y\r "m's bless+ ) y1 & if x %\ld be ! w ( ,god t--t-- ,b ! poor woman's /\t he>t c\ld su/a9 h] no long]2 %e bur/ into an agony ( weep+4 ,gasp>d seiz$ 8 musket1 &1 cov]+ 8 eyes ) 8 h&1 ru%$ f ! h\se4 ,all ?is :ile ! m5 f ! ,s>re ) picks & _! axes 7 mak+ _! way up along ! ,valt9 pa?4 ,! s\nds ( _! voices c\ld already be he>d1 z !y laugh$ & je/$ z if on ! way to a fe/ival1 & n to privation1 dang]1 & dea?4 #cjd ,*apt] x4 ,b :ile ,hull9 & 8 m\nta9e]s 7 ?us prep>+ = battle1 :]e 0 ! t9-cr[n$ ,k+ ( ,diamonds--,yeg( ! ,fool8 ,w&]+ b>efoot ov] ! sn[-cov]$ pa?s1 8 brea/ op5 to ! cutt+ w9ds1 cold1 hungry1 & companionless1 save = 8 grim fri5d ! rav54 ,night 0 approa*+1 ! cold gr[+ ke5] & ke5]2 ev5 ! fox seem$ to %iv] z he pursu$ 8 unse5 prey1 & ! fami%$ birds ( prey _h hidd5 !mselves 9 ! rocky nooks ( ! m\nta9s4 ,b ! fool1 8 rav5 ^u 8 %\ld]1 kept on--on--talk+ to himself1 ge/iculat+ wildly1 f ,hold]lo* to ,sonneb]g1 f ,sonneb]g to ,blutfeld4 ,& t v night1 ,rob91 ! old h]dsman ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 saw a /range & fe>ful sight4 ,a few days be=e1 hav+ be5 surpris$ by ! sn[s at ! bottom ( ! gorge ( ,blutfeld1 he left 8 wagon beh9d him & drove home ! cattle1 b f9d+ ^u 8 arrival t he _h =gott5 8 %eep-sk9 cloak1 he />t$ at ab\t f\r o'clock t ev5+ to seek x4 ,blutfeld is a n>r[ gorge betwe5 ,s*neeb]g & ,grosmann1 bord]$ by po9t$ rocks4 ,a ?read ( wat] w9ds its way ?r\gh ! valley1 9 summ] & w9t]1 & on its sides1 among ! grey rocks1 spots ( good pa/urage are f\nd3 b ! place is r>ely visit$2 some?+ weird & gho/ly seems to hang ov] x1 & ! cold1 :ite light ( a w9t]'s moon s]ves to int5sify its s9i/] aspect4 ,tradition says t "h 0 f\ght a great battle betwe5 ! ,triboci & ! ,g]mans1 :o1 "u a *ief nam$ ,luitpr&t1 attempt$ to p5etrate into ,gaul4 ,x tells h[ ! ,triboci f ! peaks ar\nd flung huge /ones ^u _! foes1 cru%+ !m by ?\s&s1 & t f ! frightful c>nage ! defile d]iv$ its "n--,blutfeld ! field ( blood4 ,ru/$ spe>heads1 brok5 helmets1 & cross-h&l$ swords two ells 9 l5g? are yet f\nd !re4 ,at night1 :5 ! moonlight falls ^u ! sn[-cov]$ rocks1 :5 ! w9d :i/les ?r\gh ! b>e bu%es1 ! cries ( ! surpris$ ,g]mans seem borne ^u ! air1 m+l$ ) ! wail+ ( _! wom5 & ! neigh+ ( /e$s1 & ! rattl+ ( *>iots ?r\gh ! defile4 ,! ,triboci ceas$ n f ! slaught] = two entire days1 & on ! ?ird !y retir$ to _! homes1 e man b5d+ b5ea? ! weight ( 8 booty4 ,su* 0 ! leg5d ( ! gorge :i* ,rob9 rea*$ j z ! moon 0 ris+4 ,! good man _h a hundr$ times desc5d$ to its dep?s1 b nev] _h x seem$ s bright or s gha/ly4 ,8 wagon1 at ! bottom1 seem$ "o ( ^? masses ( rock "u :i* ! invad]s 7 cru%$4 ,x /ood at ! entrance ( ! valley1 beh9d a ?ick clump ( bu%es1 & ! little /ream da%$ along by x1 fla%+ l a ?\s& swords4 ,! old h]dsman soon f\nd 8 cloak & an old hat*et too1 :i* he _h reg>d$ z lo/2 b1 :5 he turn$ to dep>t1 8 blood ran cold4 ,a tall figure 0 advanc+ /raight t[>d him4 ,beh9d x foll[$ five grey wolves1 two full-gr[n & ?ree "y4 ,he recogniz$ ,yeg(1 & at fir/ ?\ght ! wolves 7 dogs4 ,!y foll[$ ! fool /ep by /ep1 b he seem$ n to see !m2 8 rav5 flew ab\t1 n[ 9 ! cle> moonlight1 n[ 9 ! d>k %ad[s ( ! rocks2 ! wolves1 ) glitt]+ eyes1 sniff$ ! air z if sc5t+ _! prey4 ,! fool lift$ 8 sceptre4 #cje ,rob9 d>t$ l a fla% into 8 wagon unobs]v$4 ,yeg( advanc$ d[n ! valley z if walk+ "s great ca/le-hall1 & ! rav5 ) glitt]+ black plumage flew to ! bran* ( a dead tree ne> by1 & !re p]*$1 & seem$ to li/54 ,x 0 a /range sc5e1 ,rob9 ?\ght4 ,if ! fool slipp$1 if he fell1 !re 0 an end ( him2 ! wolves w\ld in/antly dev\r him4 ,b 9 ! middle ( ! gorge1 ,yeg( turn$ & sat d[n ^u a /one1 & ! five wolves sat ar\nd him 9 ! sn[4 ,!n ! fool1 rais+ 8 sceptre1 address$ !m1 call+ ea* "o by "n1 & !y repli$ ) m\rnful h[l+s4 ,ha1 *ild1 ,bled1 ,m]weg1 & y1 my old ,siram>1 he cri$1 "h we are once m toge!r6 ,y h gr[n fat2 y h _h good *e] 9 ,g]many1 h y n8 ,/ret*+ 8 arm1 aft] a mom5t's pause1 ov] ! moonlit valley1 he cont9u$3 ,rememb] ye n ! great battle8 ,"o ( ! wolves h[l$ pla9tively z if 9 reply2 !n ano!r1 & at la/ all five toge!r4 ,?is la/$ full t5 m9utes1 ! rav5 ! :ile sitt+ motionless on its )]$ bran*4 ,rob9 w\ld h fl$1 b d>$ n4 ,/ill ! wolves h[l$1 & ! e*oes ( ,blutfeld repli$ to _! *orus1 until at la/ ! l>ge/ ceas$1 & ! re/ foll[$ 8 example4 ,yeg( spoke aga93 ,ay2 'tis a sorr[ful /ory4 ,!re runs ! /ream t ov]fl[$ ) our blood2 b o!rs fell too1 & = ?ree days & ?ree nights _! wom5 tore _! hair4 ,b h[ ! accurs$ dogs triumph$ 9 _! victory6 ,! fool seiz$ 8 cr[n & da%$ x ^u ! gr\nd2 !n1 sigh+1 /oop$ & plac$ x aga9 ^u 8 head4 ,! wolves sat z if li/5+ att5tively1 & ! l>ge/ aga9 h[l$ m\rnfully4 ,?\ art hungry1 ,siram>1 said ,yeg(1 z if reply+ to him2 b rejoice2 fle% w soon be y\rs 9 pl5ty2 ! battle w aga9 be f\ght4 ,our w>-cry 0 long hu%$1 b ! h\r is ne>1 & x w aga9 %ake ^! m\nta9s1 & y %all aga9 be w>riors2 y %all aga9 own ^! valleys4 ,! air is full ( ! %rieks ( wom51 ( ! fla%+ ( swords1 ! creak+ ( wagons4 ,!y ru%$ d[n ^u u & we 7 surr\nd$2 y\r bones sleep "h on e side1 b y\r *ildr5 are com+2 rejoice6' s+1 s+6 ,& he himself began to h[l l a wolf1 & 8 he>]s took up ! savage /ra94 ,^! cries1 gr[+ e mom5t m horrible1 ! rev]b]at+ e*oes1 ! motionless rocks1 :ite & gha/ly1 or buri$ 9 blackness & gloom1 ! b>e bran*es b5d+ b5ea? _! load ( sn[--all fill$ ! old h]dsman ) spee*less horror4 ,b ! sc5e soon end$4 ,yeg( spoke no m1 b mov$ sl[ly ) 8 /range tra9 t[>d ,hazla*1 & ! rav51 utt]+ a ho>se cry1 spread its sable w+s & foll[$ ?r\gh ! d>k blue air4 ,all disappe>$ l a dream1 b = a long "t ,rob9 c\ld he> ! h[l+ gr[+ fa9t] & fur!r away4 ,x _h1 h[ev]1 ceas$ = ne>ly half an h\r1 & ! sil5ce ( a w9t] night tak5 its place1 be=e ! good man d>$ leave 8 wagon1 & make at 8 be/ spe$ = ! f>m-h\se4 #cjf ,arriv+ at ,bois-de-,*nes he f\nd e "o excit$ & busy4 ,!y 7 ab\t kill+ an ox = ! ,donon m51 & ,hull91 ,doctor ,lorqu91 & ,l\ise _h dep>t$ ) ^? f ! ,s>re4 ,ca!r9e 0 hav+ h] great f\r-horse wagon load$ ) bread1 meat1 & br&y1 & all 7 busy 9 ! prep>ations4 ,rob9 w\ld n tell any "o ( 8 adv5ture4 ,x seem$1 ev5 to himself1 s incr$ible t he d>$ n speak ( x4 ,! :ole affair puzzl$ him sorely1 & x 0 n until he 0 ly+ 9 8 crib 9 ! /able t he conclud$ t ,yeg( _h "s "t or o!r captur$ & tam$ a litt] ( wolves1 to :om he utt]$ 8 folly z m5 sometimes speak to _! dogs2 b ! r5c\nt] left a sup]/iti\s dread 9 8 m9d1 & ev5 ye>s aft]1 ! hone/ old man c\ld n speak ( x )\t a %udd]4 ,*apt] ,,xi4 ,all ,hull9's ord]s _h be5 c>ri$ out4 ,! defiles ( ,zorn & ( ! ,s>re 7 securely gu>d$1 & t ( ,blanru1 ! extreme po9t ( _! position1 _h be5 plac$ 9 a /ate ( def5ce by ,jean-,claude himself & ! ?ree hundr$ m5 :o =m$ 8 pr9cipal =ce4 ,?i!r1 on ! ea/]n slope ( ,donon1 ne> ,gr&fonta9e1 mu/ we w5d our way4 ,above ! ma9 road1 :i* w9ds up ! m\nta9 = two ?irds ( its height1 might be se5 a f>m-h\se1 surr\nd$ by a few acres ( cultivat$ l&--a l>ge flat-ro($ build+1 belong+ to ,pelsly1 ! ,anabapti/4 ,! /ables & b>n 7 beh9d1 t[>d ! summit ( ! m\nta94 ,"h 0 ! camp ( our p>tisans4 ,b5ea? !m lay ,gr&fonta9e & ,framont1 lock$ 9 a n>r[ rav9e2 fur!r on1 at a turn ( ! valley1 0 ,%irmeck1 ) its piles ( feudal ru9s2 /ill fur!r ,la ,bru*e /ret*$ onw>d into ! grey mi/s ( ,alsace4 ,to _! left rose ! /]ile peak ( ,donon1 cov]$ ) huge rocks & a few /unt$ firs4 ,be=e !m lay ! road1 made impassable by ! we>+ away ( ! e>? caus$ by ! melt+ sn[1 & by huge trees1 ) all _! bran*es on1 ?r[n across x4 ,x 0 a sc5e ( /]n gr&eur4 ,n a liv+ ?+ appe>$ on all ! long road2 ! c\ntry seem$ a des]t1 & only a few scatt]$ fires1 s5d+ _! long wrea?s ( smoke t[>d ! sky1 %[$ ! position ( ! biv\ac4 ,= ?ree days _h ! m\nta9e]s be5 await+ ! enemy1 & ! delay _h told n a little ^u _! ardor4 ,:51 !re=e1 at ab\t eight 9 ! morn+1 ! s5t9els descri$ a man com+ t[>d !m1 wav+ 8 hat1 expectation at once /ood on tiptoe1 & mess5g]s 7 at once despat*$ = ,hull91 :o s9ce "o o'clock _h be5 sleep+ 9 ! f>m-h\se1 on a wide mattress1 side by side ) ,doctor ,lorqu9 & 8 dog ,pluto4 ,! cause ( ! commotion 0 ,nickel ,b5tz1 ! old =e/] ( ,la ,h\pe1 & ,hull9 at once salut$ him )-- ,well1 ,nickel1 :at tid+s8 ,no?+1 ma/] ,jean-,claude1 save t t[>d ,phalsb\rg !re is a noise z ( a /orm4 ,lab>be says x is artill]y2 = all night long we saw fla%es l lightn+ 9 ! wood ( ,hildeh\se1 & ?is morn+ ! pla9 is cov]$ ) grey cl\ds4 ,! city is attack$6 exclaim$ ,hull92 b f ! ,lutzel/e9 side4 ,!y are try+ to cut x (f4 ,! allies are !re2 ,alsace is ov]run4 #cjg ,!n turn+ to ,mat]ne1 :o /ood beh9d him1 he add$1 ,we c rema9 no long] 9 unc]ta9ty4 ,make a reconnoissance ) y\r two sons4 ,! old hunt]'s face light$ up4 ,good6 he cri$4 ,we w h a *ance to /ret* our legs & br+ d[n an ,au/rian or ,cossack or two be=e we return4 ,/eady1 my fri5d1 said ,jean-,claude /]nly2 y mu/ n ?9k ( br++ d[n ,cossacks1 b only ( obs]v+ :at is go+ on4 ,frantz & ,kasp] w be arm$1 b y w leave y\r rifle1 & p[d]-horn1 & hunt+-knife "h4 ,leave my arms "h1 ,jean-,claude6 ,& :y8 ,because y mu/ g into ! villages2 & if y are caught !re arm$1 y w\ld be %ot at once4 ,%ot8 ,yes1 %ot4 ,we are n regul> troops2 !y w n make prison]s ( u2 we c expect no qu>t]4 ,y w foll[ ! ,%irmeck road1 & y\r sons w foll[ y 9 ! copse1 half a rifle-%ot (f4 ,if any m>aud]s %\ld attack y1 !y w come to y\r aid2 b if a deta*m5t meet y1 !y w let y be tak54 ,let me be tak56 cri$ ! old man indignantly4 ,i w\ld l to see !m d s4 ,obey ord]s1 ,mat]ne4 ,an un>m$ man w be releas$2 an arm$ "o %ot4 ,i ne$ n tell y n to let ^? ,g]mans "k y come z a spy4 ,i und]/&1 ,jean-,claude1 & al?\gh ,i nev] p>t$ yet ) my rifle1 y may take x1 & my horn & knife4 ,:o w l5d me a bl\se & /aff8 ,nickel ,b5tz pull$ (f 8 blue smock-frock & hat1 & pass$ !m to ! old man2 & :5 he _h donn$ !m1 no "o w\ld imag9e ! old hunt] to be o!r ?an a simple peasant ( ! m\nta9s4 ,8 two sons1 pr\d to be select$ = su* an exp$ition1 reprim$ _! pieces1 fix$ _! long1 /raight1 wild-bo> bayonets1 & tri$ _! hunt+-knives 9 ! %ea?s2 !n1 assur$ t ev]y?+ 0 9 prop] ord]1 !y turn$ to g1 _! eyes sp>kl+ ) pleasure4 ,d n =get ,jean-,claude's words1 said ,doctor ,lorqu92 a ,g]man m or less makes little diff]5ce among a hundr$ ?\s&1 b we %\ld f9d x difficult to replace y4 ,fe> no?+1 doctor1 repli$ old ,mat]ne4 ,my boys are hunt]s1 & "k h[ to bide _! "t1 & pr(it by any *ance t (f]s4 ,& n[1 =w>d2 we mu/ be back be=e night4 ,*apt] ,,xii4 ,mat]ne & 8 sons pursu$ _! way = a long di/ance 9 sil5ce4 ,! wea!r 0 f9e2 ! w9t] sun %one on ! dazzl+ sn[ )\t ?aw+ x1 s t ! pa? 0 firm & solid4 ,af> (f1 9 ! valley1 ! tall firs1 po9t$ rocks1 & ! ro(s ( ! h\ses1 ) _! hang+ icicles & little glitt]+ w9d[s & /eep gables1 7 %>ply outl9$ 9 ! cle> air1 & 9 ! /reet ( ,gr&fonta9e !y c\ld see a troop ( "y girls ar\nd ! wa%-h\se1 & a few old m5 9 cotton caps smok+ _! pipes at _! cottage doors2 b ( all ! busy life s pla9ly se51 n a s\nd rea*$ _! e>s4 ,! old hunt] halt$ at ! edge ( ! wood1 say+3 ,i w g d[n to ! village1 to ,dubreuil's1 ! keep] ( ! ,p9e-,cone4 ,he po9t$ ) 8 /aff to a long :ite build+1 ) doors & w9d[s surr\nd$ by a yell[ bord]1 & a p9e bran* hang+ f ! wall by way ( sign4 #cjh ,wait = me "h1 said ! old man1 unless ,i come to ! door & raise my hat1 :5 y may foll[1 & take a glass ( w9e ) me4 ,he desc5d$ ! sn[-cov]$ m\nta9-side1 ga9$ ! pla91 & cross$ ! village common1 & 8 two boys1 re/+ ^u _! pieces1 saw him ent] ! inn4 ,a few mom5ts aft]1 he reappe>$ on ! ?re%old & rais$ 8 hat4 ,fifte5 m9utes aft]1 !y _h rejo9$ _! fa!r 9 ! l>ge hall ( ! ,p9e-,cone--a long1 l[ room1 w>m$ by a huge /ove on ! s&$ floor4 ,except = ! pres5ce ( ! innkeep]1 ,dubreuil1 ! fatte/ & mo/ apoplectic man 9 ! ,vosges1 ) little r\nd eyes1 a flat nose1 & a triple *9 fall+ ^u 8 brea/--except1 ,i say1 = ! pres5ce ( ?is r$\btable p]sonage1 :o 0 sitt+ 9 a l>ge arm-*air ne> ! fire1 ,mat]ne f\nd himself alone :5 he ent]$ ! inn4 ,he ord]$ ! glasses fill$ z ! old clock /ruck n9e1 & ! wood5 cock ^u x flapp$ 8 w+s ) a /range ru/y noise4 ,good morn+1 ,fa!r ,dubreuil6 said bo? ! "y m54 ,good morn+1 my boys1 good morn+6 repli$ ! inn-keep]1 9 an oily voice1 smil+ an oily smile4 ,any news8 ,no1 fai?1 answ]$ ,kasp]4 ,w9t] is ^u u1 ! season = bo>-hunt+4 ,!n bo?1 plac+ _! rifles 9 a corn] ( ! w9d[1 at h& 9 case ( ne$1 sat d[n at a table opposite _! fa!r1 & drank1 say+4 ,to our heal?6 z !y _h be5 taught to be always c>eful to d4 ,s1 said ,mat]ne1 turn+ to ! innkeep]1 & app>5tly resum+ a conv]sation t _h be5 int]rupt$1 y ?9k1 ,fa!r ,dubreuil1 t we may hunt )\t fe> 9 ! wood ( ,b>onies8 ,oh6 z = t ,i c't say1 repli$ m9e ho/1 %rugg+ 8 %\ld]s2 ,i only "k t at pres5t ! ,allies h n got beyond ,mutzig4 ,b !y don't injure any "o2 b receive all well-dispos$ p--:o wi% to fight ! usurp]4 ,! usurp]8 ,:o is t8 ,eh8 ,:y1 ,napoleon ,bonap>te1 ! usurp]1 to be sure4 ,look on ! wall !re4 ,he po9t$ to a l>ge plac>d hang+ ne> ! clock4 ,look !re1 & y w see t ! ,au/rians are our true fri5ds4 ,old ,mat]ne's br[s knitt$1 b he repress$ 8 feel+s1 & said1 ,b ,i _c read1 ,monsieur ,dubreuil1 nor my boys4 ,expla9 ! matt] to u4 ,!n ! old publican1 rais+ himself ) mu* difficulty f 8 arm*air1 & puff+ l a porpoise ) ! unwont$ ex]tion1 plac$ himself be=e ! plac>d1 ) 8 arms fold$ across 8 enorm\s brea/1 & 9 a maje/ic tone read a proclamation ( ! alli$ sov]eigns sett+ =? t !y1 said sov]eigns1 7 wag+ w> aga9/ ,napoleon & n aga9/ ,france1 & t1 consequ5tly1 x behov$ all good p to rema9 at home & to m9d _! own bus9ess1 "u pa9 ( hav+ _! h\ses1 goods1 & *attels pillag$ & burnt1 & !mselves %ot4 ,! ?ree hunt]s li/5$ to all ?is1 & !n look$ at ea* o!r4 ,:5 ,dubreuil _h f9i%$ read+1 he aga9 took 8 seat1 say+1 ,well1 y see n[1 d y n8 ,:]e did y get t8 ask$ ,kasp]4 ,x is po/$ ev]y:]e4 ,we are glad to he> x1 said ,mat]ne1 press+ ! arm ( ,frantz1 :o _h ris5 ) flam+ eyes4 ,d y want "s fire1 ,frantz8 ,"h is my /eel4 #cji ,frantz sat d[n1 & ! old man proce$$ good-humor$ly1 ,& s1 our good fri5ds1 ! ,au/rians1 w take no?+ f u8 ,well-dispos$ p h no?+ to fe>1 b ^? :o rise 9 arms are /ripp$ ( ev]y?+2 :i* is only "r1 = x is n j t ! good %\ld suff] = ! bad4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 y w\ld be v well receiv$ at ! alli$ headqu>t]s2 y "k ! c\ntry & c\ld s]ve z guides1 = :i* y w\ld be well paid4 ,!re 0 a mom5t ( sil5ce2 aga9 ! ?ree hunt]s gaz$ at ea* o!r2 ! fa!r plac$ 8 h&s ^u ! table1 z if besee*+ 8 sons to rema9 calm1 b he himself 0 pale ) rage4 ,! innkeep]1 p]ceiv+ no?+ ( ?is1 cont9u$1 ,y h m reason to fe> 9 ! woods ( ,b>onies ^? villa9s ( ,dagsb]g1 ( ! ,s>re1 & ( ,blanru1 :o h revolt$1 & wi% to comm5ce '#ic ov] aga94 ,are y sure !y h8 ask$ ,mat]ne1 /ruggl+ h>d to conta9 himself4 ,am ,i sure8 ,y h only to look out ! w9d[ & y w see !m on ! ,donon road4 ,!y h captur$ ! ,anabapti/1 ,pelsly1 & b\nd him to ! foot ( 8 b$2 !y are pillag+1 /eal+1 de/roy+ ! roads2 b let !m bew>e6 ,9 a few days !y w h _! h&s full1 & x is n ) a ?\s&1 or t5 ?\s&1 m5 !y w h to deal1 b ) hundr$s ( ?\s&s4 ,!y w all be hung4 ,mat]ne arose4 ,x is "t = u to be on our way1 said he %ortly4 ,by two o'clock we mu/ be 9 ! woods4 ,f>ewell1 ,fa!r ,dubreuil4 ,all ?ree ru%$ out1 ang] *ok+ !m4 ,reflect well ^u :at ,i told y1 cri$ ! innkeep]1 f 8 arm-*air4 ,once )\t1 ,mat]ne turn$ ) quiv]+ lips1 & cri$1 ,if ,i _h n re/ra9$ myself1 ,i w\ld h brok5 ! bottle ov] 8 head4 ,& ,i1 said ,frantz1 w\ld h ?ru/ my bayonet ?r\gh 8 body4 ,kasp] /ill /ood at ! ?re%old1 hesitat+4 ,8 f+]s clut*$ ! hilt ( 8 hunt+-knife1 & 8 eyes 7 almo/ savage 9 _! gl>e2 b ! old man seiz$ him by ! arm & dragg$ him away1 say+3 ,away6 ,we w meet ! wret* aga94 ,to advise me to betray my c\ntry6 ,hull9 said well :5 he told u to be on our gu>d4 ,!y pass$ d[n ! /reet gaz+ fi]cely ar\nd4 ,at ! end ( ! village1 opposite ! anci5t cross1 & ne> ! *ur*1 !y halt$4 ,mat]ne !n1 some:at calm$1 %[$ 8 sons ! pa? :i* w9ds ar\nd ,phrmond1 ?r\gh ! bu%es1 & said3 ,y w take t foot-pa?4 ,i w foll[ ! road to ,s*irmeck1 go+ sl[ly1 s t y may get !re z soon z ,i4 ,!y sep>at$1 & ! old hunt] walk$ ?\ghtfully on1 8 head b[$1 & 8 eyes fix$ ^u ! gr\nd1 wond]+ all ! :ile h[ he manag$ to re/ra9 himself f break+ ! inn-keep]'s head4 ,f "t to "t h]ds ( cattle pass$ him1 & flocks ( %eep & goats1 all on _! way to ! m\nta94 ,!y came f ,wis*1 f ,urmatt1 & ev5 f ,mutzig1 & ! poor animals seem$ sc>cely able to move4 ,:]e are y go+ s fa/8 cri$ ! old hunt] to ! sad-look+ h]dsm54 ,h y n he>d ! proclamation ( ! ,russians & ,au/rians8 #caj ,b !y seem$ 9 no humor = je/+1 & repli$3 ,x is easy = y to laugh at u4 ,proclamations inde$6 ,we "k :at !y are wor?4 ,^? ,russians & ,au/rians are pillag+ & /eal+ all !y c lay h&s on2 lay+ =c$ contributions1 c>ry+ (f horses1 c[s1 cattle1 wagons4 ,hold !re2 x _c be possible6 return$ ,mat]ne4 ,!y are ! savi\rs ( ,france2 h] brave1 good fri5ds4 ,i _c believe x4 ,su* a beautiful proclamation6 ,g d[n into ,alsace & see6 ,! poor fell[s w5t on1 dragg+ !mselves we>ily along1 :ile ! old hunt] laugh$ bitt]ly4 ,z he approa*$ ,s*irmeck1 ?+s grew worse4 ,wagons1 cattle1 horses1 ev5 flocks ( geese1 ?rong$ ! road1 m+l$ ) wom5 & *ildr51 c>ry+ :atev] ( _! h\sehold effects !y c\ld be> (f1 & (t5 beat+ _! brea/s & te>+ _! hair4 ,! air 0 fill$ ) wail+ & lam5tation1 :ile ev] & anon a cry arose1 ,we are lo/6 ,! ,cossacks6 ! ,cossacks6 ,^! words ( fe> pass$ l lightn+ ?r\gh ! mass2 wom5 fa9t$1 *ildr5 /ood up 9 ! wagons to see fur!r along ! road1 & ,mat]ne blu%$ = ! c[>dice ( p :o might h made a /\t def5ce aga9/ ! enemy4 ,j outside ,s*irmeck1 ,frantz & ,kasp] rejo9$ _! fa!r1 & all ?ree ent]$ ! tav]n ( ! ,gold5 ,key1 kept by ! wid[ ,faltaux4 ,! poor woman & h] two daught]s 7 /&+ at ! w9d[ gaz+ at ! flight1 & wr++ _! h&s2 = inde$ ! tumult 0 increas+ e mom5t1 & n[ cattle1 m51 & wagons fairly block$ ! /reet1 & %\ts1 screams1 & ev5 curses1 arose on all sides4 ,mat]ne pu%+ op5 ! door & see+ ! ?ree wom5 /&+ pale1 groan+1 m dead ?an alive1 /ruck 8 /aff angrily ^u ! floor1 & cri$3 ,are y becom+ mad1 ,"m ,faltaux6 ,y1 :o %\ld set y\r daught]s a good example8 ,x is %ameful6 ,! old woman turn$ r\nd & repli$ 9 a he>t-brok5 voice3 ,ah ,mat]ne6 ,if y only knew-- ,knew :at8 ,! enemy are com+1 b !y won't eat y4 ,no1 b !y w dev\r all ,i h6 ,old ,ursula1 ( ,s*le/adt1 arriv$ "h la/ night1 & says !y are nev] satisfi$4 ,ah6 ^? ,russians & ,au/rians-- ,b :]e are !y8 cri$ ! old hunt]4 ,i h n yet se5 "o4 ,!y are 9 ,alsace1 ne> ,urmatt1 on _! way hi!r4 ,well1 obs]v$ ,kasp]1 be=e !y arrive y may give u a cup ( w9e2 "h is a cr[n = y2 y c hide x m easily ?an y\r casks4 ,"o ( ! daught]s w5t to ! cell> to br+ ! refre%m5t1 & at ! same "t sev]al /rang]s ent]$4 ,"o 0 a sell] ( almanacs1 f ,/rasb\rg2 ! o!rs 7 a wagon] f ,s>rebrck1 & two or ?ree p f ,mutzig1 ,wis*1 & ,%irmeck1 :o 7 fly+ ) _! cattle3 all seem$ completely jad$4 ,!y sat d[n at ! same table1 opposite ! w9d[s1 s t !y might look out ^u ! road1 &1 ! w9e s]v$1 ea* began to tell all he knew4 ,"o said t ! ,cossacks _h fir$ a village 9 ,alsace1 because c&les 7 refus$ !m = dess]t aft] d9n]2 ano!r t ! ,calmucks ate soap = *eese1 & t _m ( !m drank br&y by ! p9t1 aft] putt+ h&fuls ( pepp] 9 x2 t _! fil?9ess 0 beyond description2 & t ev]y?+ _h to be hidd5 f !m1 = t !re 0 no?+ !y w\ld n dev\r4 ,! /ories ^! good p told1 ( :at !y _h se5 ) _! own eyes1 seem$ almo/ incr$ible4 #caa ,t[>d noon1 ! old hunt] & 8 sons rose to dep>t1 :5 sudd5ly a cry1 l\d] ?an any !y _h yet he>d1 arose )\t1 ,! ,cossacks6 ,! ,cossacks6 ,! entire p>ty ru%$ to ! door1 except ! ?ree hunt]s1 :o cont5t$ !mselves ) op5+ a w9d[ & look+ out4 ,e "o 0 n[ flee+ across ! fields2 m51 flocks1 & wagons 7 scatt]+1 l autumn leaves be=e ! w9d4 ,9 less ?an five m9utes ! road 0 cle>1 except 9 ! village /reet1 :]e ! cr[d 0 jamm$ & block$ by its mass4 ,mat]ne gaz$ = a :ile & !n %ut ! w9d[4 ,i see no?+1 he said4 ,nor ,i1 repli$ ,kasp]4 ,i see h[ x is1 cri$ ! old hunt]2 fe> adds to ! enemy's /r5g?2 & fe>1 he add$1 %rugg+ 8 %\ld]s disda9fully1 is a mis]able ?+4 ,we h only "o poor life to lose4 ,let u g4 ,!y left ! inn1 ! old man tak+ ! road to ! top ( ,hirs*b]g1 8 sons foll[+4 ,!y soon rea*$ ! edge ( ! woods1 & ,mat]ne s\ght ! highe/ po9t1 :5ce he might obta9 a view ( ! pla92 = he utt]ly despis$ ! wild tales ( ! fugitives he _h met4 ,:5 !y rea*$ ! summit ( ! m\nta9--:i* =ms a sort ( promontory ext5d+ into ! pla9--!y c\ld see di/9ctly ! enemy's position1 ?ree leagues away1 betwe5 ,urmatt & ,lutzelh\se1 l long black l9es ^u ! sn[2 fur!r on1 ! artill]y & baggage appe>$ 9 d>k masses4 ,o!r l9es & masses 7 w9d+ among ! villages1 &1 not)/&+ ! di/ance1 ! fla%+ ( bayonets told t a column 0 on ! m>* to ,wis*4 ,aft] long gaz+ at ! picture be=e him1 ! old hunt] said ?\ghtfully3 ,!re are at lea/ ?irty ?\s& m5 yond]4 ,!y are advanc+ t[>d u1 & we %all be assail$ to-morr[1 or ! day aft] at ! late/4 ,x w be no holiday "w to *eck !m1 my boys2 b if !y h numb]s1 we h a good position1 & 9 su* masses z ^? !re w be no balls lo/4 ,hav+ made ^! reflections1 he measur$ ! height ( ! sun1 & add$3 ,x is n[ two o'clock1 & we "k all we want to "k4 ,let u return to ! biv\ac4 ,! "y m5 slung _! rifles ^u _! backs1 &1 leav+ ! valley ( ! ,broque to ! left1 !y pu%$ up ! /eep asc5t ( ,h5gsba* & desc5d$ on ! fur!r side1 )\t foll[+ any pa? ?r\gh ! sn[1 b guid+ !mselves solely by ! peaks1 to cut %ort _! j\rney4 ,!y _h ?us proce$$ = ab\t two h\rs2 ! w9t] sun 0 droop+ to ! horizon1 & night 0 fa/ approa*+1 b calm & light4 ,!y _h only to cross ! solit>y gorge ( ,riel1 :i* =ms a wide circul> bas9 9 ! mid/ ( ! =e/1 enclos+ a blue lake1 (t5 ! resort ( ! roebuck4 ,sudd5ly1 z !y left ! cov] ( ! trees1 ! old man /opp$ %ort beh9d a clump ( bu%es4 ,hi/6 #cab ,he po9t$ to ! little lake1 :i* 0 cov]$ ) a ?9 & transp>5t coat+ ( ice4 ,a /range spectacle greet$ _! eyes4 ,tw5ty ,cossacks1 ) matt$ yell[ be>ds1 heads cov]$ ) old funnel-%ap$ caps ( ! sk9 ( "s animal1 & long ragg$ cloaks hang+ f _! %\ld]s1 7 be=e !m1 seat$ on _! little horses4 ,_! /irrups 7 simply loop$ ropes1 & ! /e$s1 ) long manes1 ?9 tails1 & flanks matt$ ) yell[1 black1 & :ite1 look$ n unlike goats4 ,"s ( ! rid]s 7 arm$ only ) long lances1 o!rs ) sabres1 o!rs ) m]ely a hat*et hang+ by a cord f _! saddle1 & a l>ge horse-pi/ol 9 _! belt4 ,"s gaz$ ) ec/asy ^u ! l9es ( gre5 firs1 & "o tall1 lean fell[ 0 break+ ! ice ) ! butt ( 8 spe>1 :ile 8 horse drank4 ,o!rs dism\nt$1 & began to remove ! sn[ prep>atory to encamp+4 ,!y =m$ a s+ul> picture--^? m5 f af>1 ) _! bronz$ features1 flat =eheads & noses1 & grey flutt]+ rags1 z !y /ood by ! side ( ! lake "u ! tall tree-cov]$ crags4 ,x seem$ a glimpse ( ano!r _w ?an ! "o we live 91 & z ! ?ree hunt]s gaz$ & caught ! s\nds ( _! unc\? spee*1 curiosity = a :ile ma/]$ all o!r feel+s4 ,b ,kasp] & ,frantz soon fix$ _! long bayonets on _! rifles & retir$ once m into ! cov] ( ! woods4 ,!y rea*$ a rock "s tw5ty feet high1 :i* ,mat]ne climb$2 !n1 aft] a few words ex*ang$ 9 a l[ voice1 ,kasp] exam9$ 8 prim+1 sl[ly br\ght 8 piece to 8 %\ld]1 & aim$1 :ile 8 bro!r /ood by ready to foll[ 8 example4 ,! ,cossack ^: horse 0 dr9k+ 0 ab\t two hundr$ paces f our little p>ty4 ,! report ( ! rifle rang ?r\gh ! =e/ & awoke ! deep e*oes ( ! gorge1 & ! horseman b5t =w>d & disappe>$ b5ea? ! ice ( ! lake4 ,x w\ld be impossible to describe ! /upefaction :i* seem$ to seize ! b&4 ,! e*oes roll$ l a volley ( musketry2 ! dism\nt$ b>b>ians b\nd$ on _! /e$s1 gaz+ wildly ar\nd1 :ile a ?ick wrea? ( smoke roll$ above ! clump ( trees beh9d :i* ! hunt]s /ood4 ,kasp] _h 9 a mom5t reload$1 b at ! same in/ant ! ,cossacks da%$ t[>d ! slope ( ,h>tz1 foll[+ 9 s+le file & %\t+ savagely1 ,hurrah6 ,hurrah6 ,!y disappe>$ l a fla%1 & z ,kasp] aim$ aga9 ! la/ horse disappe>$ 9 ! woods4 ,! /e$ ( ! dead ,cossack /ood alone by ! lake4 ,8 fall5 ma/]'s foot yet rema9$ 9 ! /irrup1 al?\gh ! body 0 subm]g$ 9 ! wat]4 ,mat]ne li/5$ on 8 rock1 & !n said joyfully3 ,!y are gone6 ,let u press on4 ,frantz1 rema9 "h = a :ile4 ,if any %\ld return-- ,b despite ?is direction all ?ree ran to :]e ! horse yet /ood1 & ,mat]ne1 seiz+ ! animal's bridle1 cri$3 ,n[1 old fell[1 we w tea* !e to speak ,fr5*4 ,^! ,cossacks h fam\s horses1 my boys1 he cont9u$1 & :5 ,i am too old to g afoot1 ,i w keep ?is "o to hunt )4 ,let u g1 cri$ ,kasp]4 ,t[>d six o'clock !y he>d ! fir/ *all5ge ( _! s5t9els3 ,:o goes !re8 ,france6 answ]$ ,mat]ne1 advanc+4 #cac ,he 0 soon recogniz$1 & all ru%$ =? to meet ! ?ree hunt]s4 ,hull9 himself1 z curi\s z ! re/1 came out ) ,doctor ,lorqu94 ,! p>tisans /ood ar\nd ! horse1 gaz+ ) looks ( wond] & admiration4 ,x is a ,cossack's1 said ,hull91 squeez+ 8 old fri5d's h&4 ,yes1 ,jean-,claude2 we captur$ x at ! pond ( ,riel4 ,kasp] %ot its ma/]4 ,kasp]1 lean+ ^u 8 rifle1 seem$ well pleas$ ) 8 prize1 & old ,mat]ne1 rubb+ 8 h&s1 add$3 ,we 7 det]m9$ to br+ some?+ back ) u1 = my boys & ,i nev] return empty-h&$4 ,hull9 took him aside1 & !y ent]$ ! f>m-h\se toge!r1 :ile ! "y hunt]s gratifi$ ! curiosity ( _! comrades4 ,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,t :ole night long ! little f>m ( ! ,anabapti/ 0 fill$ ) p>tisans go+ & com+4 ,hull9 _h e/abli%$ 8 headqu>t]s 9 ! l>ge hall ( ! gr\nd floor ( ! h\se2 on ?is floor1 too1 0 ! hospital1 & ! f>m p occupi$ ! upp] /ories4 ,al?\gh ! night 0 calm & innum]able />s %one 9 ! sky1 ! cold 0 s ke5 t ! fro/ seem$ almo/ an in* ?ick ^u ! w9d[-panes4 ,)\t1 ! cry ( ,:o goes !re8 occasionally broke ! /illness1 :ile ev] & anon ! h[l+ ( wolves 0 borne on ! air f ! neighbor+ peaks2 = s9ce #ahab wolves _h foll[$ our armies by hundr$s1 & n[1 /ret*$ on ! sn[1 _! po9t$ muzzles betwe5 _! =e-paws1 !y call$ f ,grosmann to ,donon1 & f ,donon to ,grosmann1 until ! breeze seem$ fill$ ) _! pla9tive cries4 ,m ?an "o m\nta9e] grew pale z he li/5$ to !m1 & mutt]$3 ,x is ! song ( dea?2 he sc5ts ! battle f af>1 & calls u to foll[ him4 ,!n ! cattle l[$ 9 _! /ables1 & ! horses neigh$ ) affright4 ,"s ?irty fires 7 burn+ on ! plateau :]e 0 ! camp2 ! old ,anabapti/'s wood-pile _h paid tribute1 & log aft] log 0 heap$ on2 b ?\gh ! face might scor*1 ! back quiv]$ ) ! cold1 & fro/ hung f ! be>ds & m\/a*es ( ^? :o /ood w>m+ _! backs4 ,hull91 9 ! h\se1 sat be=e ! great fir table1 absorb$ 9 ?\ght4 ,f ! late/ reports he _h receiv$1 he 0 conv9c$ t ! fir/ attack w\ld be made ! next day4 ,he _h _h c>tridges di/ribut$1 _h d\bl$ ! s5tries1 ord]$ patrols ?r\gh ! m\nta91 & fix$ ! po/s ( all along ! abatis4 ,he _h also caus$ ,piorette1 ,j]ome ( ,sa9t-,quir91 & ,lab>be to s5d _! be/ m>ksm5 to him4 ,! hall :]e he sat 0 lit by a dim lant]n1 & full ( sn[2 & e mom5t 8 (fic]s came & w5t1 _! hats drawn f> d[n ov] _! heads1 & icicles hang+ f _! be>ds4 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude1 some?+ is mov+ ne> ,gr&fonta9e2 we c he> horses gallop+4 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude1 ! br&y is froz54 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude1 _m ( ! m5 are )\t p[d]4 ,su* 7 ! reports & compla9ts t e mom5t assail$ ! lead]'s e>s4 ,wat* well t[>d ,gr&fonta9e & *ange ! s5tries on t side e half-h\r4 ,?aw ! br&y at ! fires4 #cad ,wait until ,dives comes2 he has ammunition4 ,di/ribute :at c>tridges rema91 & let all :o h m ?an tw5ty r\nds divide ! surplus among _! comrades4 ,& s ! night pass$4 ,t[>d five 9 ! morn+ ,kasp] report$ t ,m>c-,dives ) a load ( c>tridges1 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 & a deta*m5t f ,lab>be _h arriv$ & 7 at ! f>m4 ,! news eas$ ! old sabot-mak]'s m9d1 = he fe>$ greatly ! result ( a delay 9 ! supplies4 ,he rose at once & w5t out ) ,kasp]4 ,at ! approa* ( day1 huge masses ( fog _h begun to rise f ! valley2 ! fires crackl$ 9 ! damp air1 & all ar\nd lay ! sleep+ m\nta9e]s4 ,all 0 sil5t1 & a cl\d1 purple or grey1 z ! fire rose or fell1 hung ar\nd ea* biv\ac4 ,fur!r (f1 ! dim outl9es ( ! s5t9els c\ld be se5 z !y pac$ to & fro ) arms %\ld]$1 or /ood gaz+ into ! mi/y abysses4 ,to ! "r1 fifty y>ds beyond ! la/ fire1 horses 7 neigh+1 & m5 /amp+ to keep _! feet w>m4 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude is com+1 said ,kasp] approa*+ ! gr\p4 ,"o ( ! p>tisans _h j ?r[n a bundle ( dry /icks ^u ! fire1 & by ! light ( ! blaze ,hull9 saw ,m>c-,dives & 8 twelve m5 on horseback1 /&+ sabre 9 h&1 motionless ar\nd _! *>ge4 ,ca!r9e 0 fur!r on1 half cov]$ ) ! /raw ( h] wagon1 h] back lean+ aga9/ a l>ge cask2 beh9d h] 7 a huge pot1 a gridiron1 a fre%-kill$ hog ready = cook+1 & "s /r+s ( onions & cabbages = s\p4 ,all />t$ = a mom5t f ! d>kness1 & disappe>$ aga9 z ! blaze fell4 ,dives left 8 p>ty & rode =w>d4 ,is t y1 ,jean-,claude8 ,yes1 ,m>c4 ,i h already sev]al ?\s& c>tridges4 ,hexe-,baizel is work+ night & day4 ,good6 good6 ,& ,ca!r9e ,lefevre is "h ) provisions4 ,we %all ne$ all1 ,m>c4 ,! battle is ne>4 ,i d n d\bt x2 we %all n h long to wait4 ,b :]e %all ,i put ! p[d]8 ,yond]2 "u ! %$1 beh9d ! h\se4 ,is t y1 ,ca!r9e8 ,x is inde$1 ,jean-,claude4 ,a cold morn+4 ,always ! same1 ,ca!r9e4 ,d y fe> no?+8 ,w\ld ,i be a woman if ,i lack$ curiosity8 ,i mu/ see all t is go+ on1 y "k4 ,yes1 y h always excuses = y\r good de$s4 ,no complim5ts1 ,hull94 ,p _c live on air1 & ,i h tak5 my measures4 ,ye/]day we kill$ an ox--poor ,s*w>tz--he weigh$ n9e hundr$1 & ,i h br\ght a qu>t] = s\p4 ,let me w>m myself4 ,%e ?rew ! re9s to ,du*5e & alight$1 say+3 ,^? fires yond] are a pretty sight1 b :]e is ,l\ise8 ,l\ise has pass$ ! night mak+ b&ages ) ,pelsly's two daught]s4 ,%e is !re 9 ! hospital1 :]e y see my lant]n %9+4 ,poor *ild6 said ,ca!r9e2 ,i w run & help h]4 ,x w w>m me4 ,hull9 gaz+ at h] retreat+ figure c\ld only mutt]1 ,:at a woman6 ,:at a woman6 #cae ,dives & 8 m5 took ! p[d] to ! %$2 & :at 0 ,jean-,claude's surprise1 on approa*+ ! ne>e/ fire1 to see ! fool ,yeg(1 8 cr[n ^u 8 head1 gravely sitt+ ^u a /one1 8 feet at ! emb]s1 & 8 rags drap$ ar\nd him l a royal mantle4 ,no?+ c\ld be /rang] ?an 8 figure4 ,he 0 ! only "o wak+ !re1 & seem$ a b>b>ian k+ surr\nd$ by 8 sleep+ horde4 ,hull91 h[ev]1 only saw ! fool1 & g5tly plac+ 8 h& ^u 8 %\ld]1 said 9 a tone ( ironical respect3 ,hail1 ,yeg(6 ?\ art come to (f] u ! aid ( ?9e inv9cible arm & ! help ( ?y numb]less armies6 ,! fool1 )\t %[+ ! lea/ surprise1 answ]$3 ,t dep5ds ^u !e1 ,hull94 ,?y fate & t ( ?y p ar\nd !e are 9 ?y h&s4 ,i h *eck$ my wra?1 & ,i leave x to !e to pron\nce ! s5t5ce4 ,:at s5t5ce8 ask$ ,jean-,claude4 ,! fool1 )\t reply+1 cont9u$ 9 a l[ & solemn tone3 ,we are "h n[1 z we 7 sixte5 hundr$ ye>s ago1 on ! eve ( a great battle4 ,!n ,i1 ! *ief ( s _m nations1 came to ?y clan to dem& a passage-- ,sixte5 hundr$ ye>s ago6 int]rupt$ ,hull92 t w\ld make u fe>fully old1 ,yeg(4 ,b no matt]2 g on4 ,yes1 said ! fool2 b ?9e ob/9acy w\ld he> no?+2 hundr$s ( dead lie at ,blutfeld2 !y cry = v5geance6 ,ah6 yes1 ,blutfeld1 said ,jean-,claude2 x is an old /ory2 ,i h he>d y tell x be=e4 ,yeg( rose ) flu%$ face & fla%+ eyes4 ,b>e/ ?\ boa/ ( ?y victory8 he cri$4 ,b bew>e1 bew>e6 ,blood calls = blood6 ,!n 8 tone s(t5$1 & he add$3 ,li/56 ,i w\ld n h>m !e2 ?\ art brave1 & ! *ildr5 ( ?y race may m+le _! blood ) m9e4 ,i desire ?y alliance--?\ kn[e/ x4 ,he is com+ back to ,l\ise1 ?\ght ,jean-,claude1 &1 =esee+ ano!r dem& 9 =m1 he said3 ,yeg(1 ,i am sorry1 b ,i mu/ leave y2 ,i h s _m ?+s to see to-- ,! fool b5t an angry look on him4 ,do/ refuse me ?y daught]8 he cri$1 rais+ 8 f+] solemnly4 ,we w talk ( x h]eaft]4 ,?\ refuse/6 ,y\r cries are ar\s+ my m51 ,yeg(4 ,?\ ha/ refus$1 & = ! ?ird "t4 ,bew>e6 ,bew>e6 ,hull91 despair+ ( calm+ him1 /rode away1 b ! fool's voice foll[$3 ,woe to !e1 ,huldrix6 ,?y late/ h\r is nigh4 ,soon w ! wolves banquet ^u ?y fle%6 ,! /orm ( my wra? is un*a9$1 & = !e & ?9e !re is no long] grace1 pity1 nor m]cy6 ,?\ ha/ spok5 ?y doom6 ,& ?r[+ ! ragg$ end ( 8 cloak ov] 8 %\ld]1 ! poor wret* hurri$ t[>d ! peak ( ,donon4 ,_m ( ! p>tisans1 half awak5$ by 8 voice1 gaz$ ) dull eyes at 8 vani%+ =m4 ,!y he>d a flapp+ ( w+s ar\nd ! fire1 b x seem$ l a dream1 & !y turn$ & slept aga94 #caf ,an h\r lat]1 ! horn ( ,lag>mitte s\nd$ ! reveille4 ,9 a few mom5ts e "o 0 ^u 8 feet4 ,! *iefs assembl$ _! m54 ,"s w5t to ! %$1 :]e c>tridges 7 di/ribut$2 o!rs fill$ _! flasks at ! cask1 b ev]y?+ 0 done 9 ord]4 ,!n ea* platoon dep>t$ 9 ! grey dawn to take its place at ! abatis4 ,:5 ! sun rose1 ! f>m 0 des]t$1 &1 save five or six fires yet smok+1 no?+ ann\nc$ t ! p>tisans held all ! passes ( ! m\nta91 & _h s lately be5 encamp$ !re4 ---------- ,glimpses ,( ,tuscany4 ,! ,passion ,at ,prato4 ,,iv4 ,z ,good ,friday drew ne>1 ,i 0 m ?an once ask$ by our mae/ro di casa if ,i meant to att5d ! ,passion at ,prato4 ,prato is an old wall$ t[n 9 ! valley ( ! ,arno1 ab\t t5 miles f ,flor5ce4 ,x conta9s "s twelve ?\s& inhabitants1 ^: pr9cipal occupation consi/s 9 plait+ ,leghorn /raw1 manufactur+ ,turki% r$-caps1 smelt+ copp]1 & qu>ry+ ! d>k gre5 s]p5t9e1 :i* figures s ext5sively 9 ,italian *ur* ar*itecture4 ,x is r5[n$ 9 ,*ri/ian art z ! %r9e ( ! ,sacratissima ,c9tola4 ,our mae/ro expla9$ t once 9 e ?ree ye>s1 f "t immemorial1 ! citiz5s ( ,prato _h celebrat$ ,good ,friday by a nocturnal repres5tation ( ! ,passion2 t x 0 a sight well wor? see+1 & fam\s ?r\gh\t ,nor!rn ,italy2 t he & 8 family 7 go+1 & t !y _h a w9d[1 or /&1 v mu* at my s]vice4 ,my aunt1 :o ?\ght no?+ wor? see+ b ! ,casc9e & h] native ,lucca1 %ook h] head despair+ly1 leav+ me someh[ "u ! impression t ! affair 0 a l>ge puppet-%[ accompani$ by fireworks4 ,s ! matt] dropp$1 & ,i q =got x1 until invit$ on ,holy ,?ursday by an ,engli% g5tleman1 long resid5t 9 ,flor5ce1 to make "o ( a p>ty to ,prato1 ,friday aft]noon4 ,z ! tra9s 7 uncom=tably full1 & all ! bett] public b>\*es engag$ weeks be=e1 we _h to put up ) an old blue hack1 drawn by two lank1 slov5ly bays4 ,b ! hack-horses ( ,flor5ce are s+$ cats4 ,al?\gh n unlike crop-e>$ mules1 !y c hold a trot or cant] all day long1 )\t seem+ mu* m di/ress$ ?an :5 !y />t$4 ,we 7 h>dly ?r\gh ! ,porta al ,prato be=e our team /ruck an hone/1 ev51 /eady lope t soon br\ght u to ! ,villa ,demid(f4 ,! spr+ is a sl[ "o1 b ! violets are out1 ! fruit-trees 9 bloom1 & ! roses budd+4 ,!re is no du/2 ! road1 l all ,tuscan roads1 smoo? & firm1 curb$ & gutt]$1 we$$ to ! edge1 fr+$ ) unbrok5 bord]s ( olive1 mulb]ry1 & v9es4 #cag ,along ! wayside1 & 9 ! doorways1 old wom5 & *ildr5 are braid+ /raw4 ,m5 & girls1 9 holiday attire1 are flock+ to ! great tri5nial fe/a2 "s 9 c>ts1 drawn by mild-ey$1 dove-color$ ox52 "s on foot2 o!rs 9 jaunty spr+-wagons1 j]k$ along by plucky little ponies4 ,! :ole c\ntry is a/ir1 ) a g5]al conc5tration on ,prato4 ,x mu/ surely be some?+ wor? see+ t provokes su* a delib]ate cr[d4 ,/ill1 ,i ask$ no que/ions4 ,x is s mu* m int]e/+ to anticipate a spectacle vaguely ?an exactly4 ,! indef9ite anxiety ab\t ! =m 9 :i* a dawn+ unkn[n w f9ally pres5t itself is always m engross+ ?an m]e curiosity to realize a picture di/9ctly =e%ad[$4 ,yet1 :ile speculat+ on :at ! good p ( ,prato c\ld possibly make ( ! awful my/]y !y 7 und]tak+ to repres5t1 ,i mu/ confess t ,i felt appreh5sive le/ "s awkw>d h&l+ %\ld affront ! unutt]ably sacr$4 ,at sunset we rea*$ ! f9e old walls1 & came to a halt j inside ! gate4 ,to drive fur!r 0 impossible4 ,! city sw>m$ ) contad9i f ! neighborhood2 ) natives & =e/i]i f ,flor5ce1 ,pisa1 ,pi/oia1 ,lucca1 & ev5 ,milan2 ) ! beautiful maid5s ( ,segna & ! d>k silk-v5d]s ( ,pescia4 ,x 0 evid5t1 at a glance1 t ! c]emony 0 to be a procession4 ,! piazzas 7 all ready = illum9ation2 e w9d[ along ! l9e ( m>* display$ at lea/ two lamps susp5d$ f brackets ( ?ick iron wire2 e door & balcony 0 ?rong$ ) /ill1 expectant faces4 ,z two ( our p>ty1 a "y arti/ & a mature cosmopolitan1 7 b5t on see+ ! ca!dral1 we manag$ to rea* x aft] toil+ ?r\gh ! cr[d4 ,x is wond]ful h[ _m objects y\r discipl9$ sight-se] c absorb at once4 ,he is nev] satisfi$ ) less ?an a con/ellation 9 8 field ( vision4 ,! emotional jumble t madd5s a novice s]ves only to tranquillize 8 n]ves4 ,he is utt]ly ins5sible to ! *>m ( a sep>ately ent]ta9$ idea--! undulat+1 wid5+ waves ( ?\ght disp]s$ ev5ly & unbrok5ly f "o c5tral po9t ( agitation4 ,he is1 app>5tly1 nev] s happy z :5 ! surface ( s5sation is pelt$ ) fre% impressions1 ov]%[]$ ) novelties1 tremul\s & titillat+ ) myriads ( cla%+ circlets4 ,b1 al?\gh ! ,duomo is p>tly ( ! twelf? c5tury1 al?\gh x is said to en%r9e ! ,sacratissima ,c9tola1 al?\gh its *oir conta9s ! be/ specim5s ( ,fra ,lippo ,lippi1 ,i 0 n sorry to f9d ! doors lock$4 ,my m9d 0 s preoccupi$ ) ! com+ ,passion t ,i sc>cely c>$ to d m ?an glance at ! f9e balcony built by ,donatello = ! exposition ( ! treasur$ girdle4 ,we drift$ ab\t ! piazza till d>k1 :5 an electrical movem5t & murmur ( ! p ann\nc$ ! ne> approa* ( ! initial mom5t4 ,in/antly a ?\s& ladd]s are up aga9/ ! h\se-sides2 swiftly & my/]i\sly ! ?rong ( on-look]s melts away2 ! b&s ( ,pi/oia & ,prato unite 9 a m9or m>*2 ! mom5tly des]t$ /reets are fill$ ) radiance & music--! great tri5nial fe/a has begun4 ,half-pa/ sev52 a p]fect night2 no moon1 a l[ breeze1 & fa9t />light4 ,we are 9 ! re> ( ! />t+-po9t2 ! procession mu/ trav]se ! :ole t[n--two h\rs--be=e x rea*es u4 ,b we %all h ! be/ ( x !n1 = ! close is said to be ev5 m solemn & bett] ord]$ ?an ! />t4 #cah ,! n>r[ sidewalks are l9$ ) spectators2 doors1 w9d[s1 & balconies alive ) faces2 b !re is little movem5t & less conv]sation4 ,al?\gh we _h a room ( our own1 we f\nd ourselves address+ ea* o!r 9 :isp]s4 ,at n9e o'clock ! sil5ce deep5$2 ! l[ ru/l+ 9 ! balconies ceas$2 our ho/ess cross$ h]self2 ! gl>e ( com+ tor*es lights up a liv+ lane ( m5 b>e-head$1 ( wom5 mutely pray+ ) clasp$ h&s2 & !n a solit>y ,roman knight1 ) casque & spangl$ robe1 & /e$ un%od1 glides noiselessly into view1 l an app>ition4 ,aft] him a b& ( m\nt$ knights1 clad z at ,calv>y1 ride sl[ly1 sil5tly toge!r2 !n a bla/ f tw5ty trumpets1 9 sup]b unison1 by tw5ty ,b]sagli]i ( ! ,gu>d2 & !n--a sight :i* to ?is day br+s ! te>s to my eyes z ,i recall x--?irty gladiatorial lictors1 t5 abrea/1 /ripp$ to ! wai/1 b>e-head$1 belt$1 fillet$--all pick$ m5 ( equal height--mov+ ) a /ep t spurn$ ! gr\nd1 light b swift & /]n z fate4 ,h[ t wond]ful /ep />tl$ u6 ,h[ its det]m9$ en]gy transport$ u to ,j]usalem6 ,!y h su/a9$ x = two h\rs )\t ! slighte/ symptom ( we>9ess4 ,!y m>* on z if !y c\ld keep ! pace =ev]4 ,aft] ^!1 9 helmet & cuirass1 ) %ield & sword & spe>1 come ! ,roman legion>ies1 true to tradition 9 gait1 g>b1 & array4 ,wat* ! sway ( _! spe>s1 :isp]$ our arti/ fri5d1 z ! long lances fla%$ ?r\gh ! air ) ! ev5 sweep ( an admiral's o>s4 ,x 0 wor? wat*+3 ne>ly z mu* s z ! wond]ful /ride ( ! lictors4 ,&1 all ! :ile1 y c\ld n he> a footfall1 a comm5t1 or a murmur2 ! procession pass$ l a vision ?r\gh ! he>t ( t /ill1 tor*lit1 rev]5t multitude4 ,b1 z ! dread sequel approa*$1 ,i began to tremble--began to fe> !y might ov]do x--al?\gh ! m>*+ ( ^? drill$ lictors & ! sway+ ( ^? legion>y spe>s might h reassur$ me4 ,fre% companies ( knights1 fre% sections ( ! cohort are fil+ =w>d1 e man ( !m z e>ne/ & absorb$ z if he 7 climb+ ! hill ( ! ,crosses ,?ree4 ,n a sign or ge/ure ( levity1 di/raction1 or fatigue2 n ev5 a side-glance at ! liv+ walls t hemm$ !m 94 ,z ! vangu>d melts away1 ! sudd5 gl>e ( _m tor*es1 ! sudd5 *aunt ( _m voices1 aga9 invade ! solemn /illness ) music & light4 ,m>%all$ gr\ps ( ecclesia/ics1 ea* gr\p ) its sep>ate *oir1 are se5 advanc+ 9 endless p]spective2 & 9 ! c5tre ( ea* *oir1 betwe5 two tor*-be>]s1 a lovely boy1 ) d[nca/ eyes & rigid face1 supports "s symbol ( ! ,passion4 ,"o by "o1 at measur$ int]vals1 ! preci\s emblems ( salvation are ?us successively display$--ea* ) its gu>d ( acolytes1 its escort ( deacons & sub-deacons1 its swell+ *oral1 its angelic boy-be>]4 ,^? rapt1 conc5trat$1 inspir$ "y faces6 ,i see !m n[ b5d+ 9 meek beauty ov] ! ,sc\rge1 ! ,cr[n1 ! ,re$1 ! ,cross1 ! ,nails1 ! ,sponge1 ! ,spe>4 ,& :5 ^! too h pass$1 !re is ano!r pause1 ano!r int]val ( d>kness1 ano!r pulseless sil5ce1 brok5 z be=e by ! tide ( radiance & song4 ,sev5 :ite bann]s inscrib$ ) ! ,sev5 ,la/ ,words are borne by ) ! same m\rnful pomp1 ! same sep>ate array4 ,^: ! music1 ,i "k n3 nei!r ,haydn's1 ,i am sure1 nor ,m]cadante's1 ,i ?9k2 b q z effective1 = ! mom5t1 z ei!r4 #cai ,we look$ & li/5$ spell-b\nd2 an ov]p[]+ illusion held u spee*less & motionless2 a dread expectation weigh$ at our he>ts l lead2 we 7 body & s\l at ,calv>y1 z once m ! tor*light di$ away4 ,& 9 ! d>kness1 we ask$ ourselves1 ,w !y v5ture f>!r8 ,w !y attempt ! act ( sacrifice itself8 ,:y1 ! city ( ,prato w\ld reel l ,j]usalem--h] graves w\ld op5 & h] dead w\ld walk6 ,b ,prato is too m]ciful = t4 ,aft] an int]val ( pr(\nd susp5se1 a l(ty sable catafalque1 encircl$ by prie/s array$ 9 /ole & surplice1 is borne sil5tly along--& on x1 pale & unmov+1 ! %r\d$ image ( ! div9e ,victim1 ) all ! agony ( ! ,passion on ! :ite lips & crimson br[4 ,consummatum e/6--,b z we sat unexpectant ( m1 ano!r figure em]g$ f ! settl+ gloom--! life-size effigy ( ! ,mat] ,dolorosa1 foll[+ ) clasp$ h&s & /ream+ eyes ! dead =m ( h] ,son4 ,aft] all t long array ( liv+ actors1 ! introduction ( any effigy1 h[ev] p]fect1 mu/ create a disillusion4 ,& ?is "o is f> f p]fect--f> m sugge/ive ( ! ,prado ?an ( ,calv>y4 ,! dead on ! catafalque is appropriately repres5t$ by ! inanimate2 b :5 knights1 soldi]s1 lictors1 c5turions1 are mov+1 brea?+ fle% & blood1 its application to ! equally liv+ ,"m is a viol5t incongruity4 ,! action has be5 too int5sely vitaliz$ to assimilate a c\nt]feit vitality1 h[ev] sacr$ its significance4 ,b :at !n8 asks ! g5ius ( ,prato4 ,am ,i to =ego ?is tribute to my de> ,padrona because x %ocks ! s5sibilities ( a speculative t\ri/8 ,does n my ca!dral en%r9e ! v girdle ( ! ,assumption t fell to ! kneel+ ,?omas8 ,c y fix a s+le unor?odox or unscriptural significance ^u ^! "t-honor$ obsequies8 ,9 ! f9al ?roes ( crucifixion1 0 n ! la/ ?\ght ( ! dy+ ,son1 ! la/ conc]n ( ! expir+ ,r$eem]1 = 8 ,"m8 ,0 n ',behold ?y ,"m6' ! la/ *>ge ( ! ?ir/+ lips8 ,we obey ! ,ecce ,homo ( ,pilate3 d>e we disobey ! ,ecce ,mat] ( ,jesus8 ,let x be discrim9at$1 h[ev]1 t 9 ! ,ecce ,mat] we are summon$ to contemplate our ,bless$ ,lady1 n 9 h] agony1 b 9 h] mat]nity--9 h] relation%ip r to ! future ?an to ! pres5t4 ,! ,evangeli/s are s+ul>ly c>eful n to di/+ui% any f9ite sorr[--n ev5 h]s--f ! ov]:elm+ spectacle ( immolat$ ,deity4 ,_h ! ,mat] ,dolorosa =m$ "p ( ! fun]al tableau1 _h %e be5 pictur$ ,dol5tem ,,cum filio1 _h %e be5 /ation$ directly at ! bi] s z to con/itute a gr\p or ,piet--al?\gh ! inconsi/5cy ( effigy rema9$1 yet ! m>bles ( ,angelo & ! canvas ( ,raphael w\ld h abundantly prep>$ u = ! sight4 ,b at t supreme mom5t1 to pres5t h]1 aft] a di/9ct int]val1 z a sep>ate spectacle1 0 at v>iance ) all ! examples ( ,*ri/ian art4 ,! ,/abat ,mat] does n w&] an in* f ! ,cross2 ?\gh "h1 ) exquisite propriety1 z ! sorr[ ( ! ,"m is reveal$1 ! cross %e cl+s to is s dimm$ by h] te>s t we cat* only m\rnful twilight glimpses ( ! ,,dulcem ,natum--veil$1 inf9ite1 triumphant woe1 b none ( ! vivid1 m9ute1 specific agony ( ! ,passion4 #cbj ,! sublime retic5ce ( ! ,evangeli/s1 s f> f dim9i%+ ! true glory ( ! ,h&maid ( ! ,"l1 is 9 inspir$ accord bo? ) h] maid5 humility & mat]nal dignity4 ,! fa?omless processes ( r$emption pres5t !mselves to our limit$ p]ceptions r z consecutive ?an simultane\s4 ,! pat]nal1 ! filial1 ! spiritual aspect ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity seems ea* consecutively prom95t 9 ! *ur*4 ,z ! special "w ( ! ,r$eem] is consummat$1 ! special "w ( ! ,com=t] beg9s4 ,! sph]e ( ! ,p>aclete is z broadly def9$1 z lov+ly respect$ by ! ,son1 z ! sph]e ( ! ,padre ,et]no4 ,inf9itely de> z is ! bond betwe5 babe & "m1 we in/9ctively sympa?ize ) ! my/ical c\rtesy t res]v$ ! full exaltation ( ! ,bride ( ! ,dove1 l ! gift ( ! clov5 tongues ( fire1 = ! op]ation ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,v]g9e sola al mondo s5sa esempio1 ,*e'l ciel di tue bellezze innamora/i4 ,& ! he>ts ( ! fai?ful1 n[ z at ,ephesus1 are jeal\sly alive to ! full significance ( h] p>am\nt title1 ,mat] ,dei4 ,! mission ( ,pet]1 to fe$ ! %eep1 is n m emphatic ?an ! mission ( ,john z ! *ild & gu>dian ( ,m>y4 ,! apo/olic inh]itor ( ! keys1 & ! executor ( ! cross :o took h] z 8 own1 walk side by side ?r\gh ! ages1 n 9 ! fle%1 inde$1 b 9 ! _s1 foll[+ ! ,"l till 8 com+4 ,9 ?is relation1 ! de>e/ disciple is z dea?less z ! *ur*2 "u ?is aspect1 ,*ri/ian art loves to depict him2 "u ?is aspect he becomes ! pref]r$ ( ! ,p>aclete1 z he has be5 ! be/ belov$ ( ,jesus--becomes ! great h]ald ( ! inc>nation2 ! prophet to ^: vision ! doors 9 heav5 are op5$2 ! be>] ( ! my/ic *all5ge1 ,& ! ,,_s & ! ,,bride say come6 ,salve ,reg9a6 ,mu* z ,i %\ld h pref]r$ ! *ime ( ! ,/abat ,mat] to any m direct sugge/ion1 or to aught 9 imitative art save ! v face ( ! ,san ,si/o trans=m$ by mat]nal sorr[1 yet no man 9 ,prato b[s ) deep] he>tfelt rev]5ce ?an ,i to ! image ( our ev] honor$ ,lady4 ,tuscany is n ,m>iolatr\s en\gh = me4 ,i %\ld l x bett] ) a ,madonna presid+ ov] e f\nta9 & hall[+ e pa?way4 ,&1 9 ! deep hu% t prec$es ! /ir ) :i* ,prato /ruggles back to h]self1 ! s\l's conception ( ! ,juxta crucem lacrymosa takes ! place ( ! vani%+ effigy1 &1 aid$ by ! inspir$ se]s ( art1 con/ructs "s t5d]] semblance ( ! bless$ c\nt5ance4 ----*' a ,*ri/o ,piu s' assomiglia4 ,!re 0 b little conv]sation z we drove back 9 ! midnight4 ,& :5 at la/1 9 ! />ry di/ance1 arose ! mighty cupola ( ,santa ,m>ia del ,fiore1 ,i caught myself se>*+ among ! t[]s ( ,flor5ce = ! lonely spire ( ,santo ,spirito4 ---------- #cba ,galileo-,galilei1 ,footnote #abe ! ,flor5t9e ,a/ronom]4 #aefd-afdb4 ,ev5 s great a man z ,bacon reject$ ! !ory ( ,galileo ) scorn4 444 ,bacon _h n all ! means ( arriv+ at a s\nd conclusion :i* are )9 our rea*2 & :i* secure p :o w\ld n h be5 wor?y to m5d 8 p5s f fall+ into 8 mi/akes4--,macaulay4 ,footnote #abe3 ,galileo--,! ,roman ,inquisition4 ,c9c9nati4 #ahdd4 ,galileo e l',inquisizione4 ,m>9o-,m>9i4 ,roma4 #ahej4 ,hi/oire des ,sci5ces ,ma?matiques en ,italie4 ,p> ,libri4 ,p>is4 #ahch4 ,notes on ! ,ante-,galilean ,cop]nicans4 ,pr(4 ,de ,morgan4 ,london4 #ahee4 ,op]e di ,galileo-,galilei4 ,alb]i4 ,fir5ze4 #ahdb-ahef4 #af vols4 imp4 #hvo4 ,galileo-,galilei1 sa ,vie1 son ,procs et ses ,contempora9s4 ,p> ,phil>te ,*asles4 ,p>is4 #ahfb4 ,galileo & ! ,inquisition4 ,by ,r4 ,madd54 ,london4 #ahfc4 ,galilee1 sa ,vie1 ses ,dc\v]tes et ses ,travaux4 ,p> le ,dr4 ,max ,p>*appe4 ,p>is4 #ahff4 ,galilee4 ,tragdie de ,m4 ,pons>d4 ,p>is4 #ahff4 ,la ,condamnation de ,galile4 ,p> ,m4 l',abb ,b\ix4 ,arras4 #ahff4 ,articles on ,galileo1 9 ,dubl9 ,review4 #ahch-ahfe4 ,articles on ,galileo1 9 ,revue des ,deux ,mondes4 #ahda-ahfd4 ,mlanges ,sci5tifiques et ,littraires4 ,p> ,j4 ,b4 ,biot4 #c vols4 ,p>is4 #aheh4 ,galile1 les ,droits da la ,sci5ce et la ,m?ode des ,sci5ces ,physiques4 ,p> ,?omas ,h5ri ,m>t94 ,p>is4 #ahfh4 ,v few ye>s ( life n[ rema9 to ! ,galileo /ory z h]et(ore accept$4 ,x has receiv$ m ?an "o mortal w\nd1 &1 wri?+ 9 pa91 mu/ soon die among its wor%ipp]s4 ,& yet "s ( !m /ill battle = its tru?4 ,= ^!1 too1 ! end approa*es4 ,we !re=e ha/5 to glean ! field & ga!r 9 our h>ve/ ( hi/oric leaves1 :ile yet ! controv]sial sun %9es ) fad+ w>m?4 ,we wi% at once to pres5t ! ,galileo /ory z truly told2 = soon !re w be no?+ left ( x to discuss1 & ! mov+ drama ( ,! />ry ,galileo1 ) 8 woes1 w cease to be play$ to cr[d$ & delight$ anti-,ca?olic audi5ces4 ,a flood ( hi/oric daylight has be5 gradually let 9 beh9d ! sc5es1 & our p5sive public n[ beg9 pla9ly to disc]n ! bungl+ framework1 ! co>se canvas1 & ! r\ghly-daub$ pa9t1 t1 9 a light %$ by a blaze ( religi\s bigotry1 seem$ ! brilliancy ( sci5ce & ! beauty ( tru?4 ,! p]secution1 ! torture1 ! e pur si muove ! %irt ( p5ance1 & all ! o!r prop]ties1 sc5]y1 dresses1 & decorations1 con/itut+ ! mise en scne ( ! wret*$ play t s long has _h a sort ( hi/oric ,black ,crook run1 are n[ ab\t to be swept away ) o!r old rubbi%1 & ! curta9 w fall nev] aga9 to rise4 ,! ,galileo controv]sy is ( comp>atively rec5t date 9 our lit]ature4 ,9 ! ye> #ahch a well-kn[n article 9 ! ,! ,dubl9 ,review gave ! be/ /atem5t ( ! case :i*1 up to t p]iod1 _h ev] be5 pres5t$ to ,engli% read]s4 ,x 0 9 ?is c\ntry g5]ally attribut$ to ,c>d9al ,wiseman1 b 0 9 fact writt5 by ! ,rev4 ,pet] ,coop]4 ,republi%$ 9 #ahdd at ,c9c9nati1 ) a timely preface1 x has be5 l>gely circulat$ among ! ,ca?olic read+ public ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,s9ce ! dates m5tion$1 h[ev]1 !re are _m valuable accessions to our k on ?is int]e/+ subject2 &1 n to m5tion o!rs1 ! publications ( ,m>9i1 ,alb]i1 & ,biot h cle>$ up sev]al important po9ts h]et(ore 9 d\bt1 & plac$ "s disput$ facts 9 an entirely new light4 #cbb ,! occasion ( ,! ,dubl9 ,review article 0 ! appe>ance ( ,:ewell's ,hi/ory ( ! ,inductive ,sci5ces1 & ,p[ell's ,hi/ory ( ,philosophy4 ,its republication 9 ,c9c9nati1 accompani$ by an ,am]ican introduction1 0 provok$ by "s rem>kable /atem5ts made conc]n+ ,galileo by ,john ,qu9cy ,adams1 9 a disc\rse deliv]$ be=e ! ,a/ronomical ,society ( t city4 ,9 l mann]1 ! controv]sy 0 lately br\ght to ! surface 9 ,france by ! production ( ,m4 ,pons>d's five-act drama 7,galile7 at ! ,?tre ,franais4 ,be=e x is put ^u ! /age1 ! play is object$ to by (ficial c5sor%ip1 on ! gr\nd ( hi/orical misrepres5tation4 ,m4 ,pons>d ju/ifies1 c5sure responds4 ,m4 ,pons>d's fri5ds1 ! ,av5ir ,national & a compact phalanx ( ard5t "y feuilletoni/es1 spr+ to ! rescue2 pamphlets fly f ! press z ?ick z autumn leaves1 & ! :ole controv]sy is once aga9 put 9 agitation4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ,engli% & ,am]ican boys em]ge f _! s*ool or college read+ ) an idea1 m or less vague1 t ! mom5t ,galileo ann\nc$ ! doctr9e ( ! e>?'s rotation he 0 seiz$ ^u by ! ,inquisition1 ca/ into prison1 tortur$ 9 v>i\s ways until all 8 bones 7 brok52 t he pret5d$ to recant1 b1 ) brok5 bones a=esaid1 /ood up erect1 /amp$ 8 foot1 &-?und]$ out1 e pur si muove--& yet1 x moves4 ,we believe ?is is no exagg]ation ( ! ma9 features ( ! v]sion t 9 an undef9$ & mi/y =m /ill holds possession ( ! public m9d2 & ! di/+ui%$ ,biot appe>s to recognize ?is fact 9 ! title ( 8 memoir 7#aheh7 on ! subject4 ,la ,vrit sur ,galile-- ,! tru? at la/--or1 9 o!r words1 we h _h en\gh ( fiction4 ,& no wond]2 =1 up to )9 comp>atively few ye>s1 ! /ory has be5 sy/ematically obscur$ by ?ick %ades ( fable & falsehood4 ,falsehood z gross z t ( ,montucla1 t ! a/ronom]'s eyes 7 put out2 or ( ,b]n9i1 t he 0 imprison$ = five ye>s4 ,falsehood z flippant z t ( ,mor]i1 7,gr& ,dictionnaire ,biographique17 t ,galileo 0 kept 9 prison five or six ye>s1 prefac+ 8 /atem5t ) je sais bi54 ,fables z transp>5t z t ( ,pontec\lant1 :o says ,galileo 0 a m>tyr1 leav+ y free to imag9e ! a/ronom] behead$ or burn$1 at y\r *oice4 ,z lib]al a qu>t]ly z ! ,we/m9/] says ( ,galileo3 ,= ! rema9d] ( 8 life he 0 subject$ to ! p]secution ( ! ,inquisition4 ,ev5 ! la/ edition ( ! ,encyclop$ia ,britannica tells u t at ! end ( a ye> ! ,gr& ,duke _h ! influ5ce to procure 8 release f prison2 & ,sir ,b5jam9 ,brodie in=ms u1 9 8 ,psy*ological ,inquiries1 t ! ,inquisition ( ,rome subject$ ,galileo to ! torture because he ass]t$ t ! e>? mov$ r\nd ! sun1 & n ! sun r\nd ! e>?4 ,b = a specim5 ( ! mo/ d>+ intrepidity ( /atem5t on ?is topic1 see an article by ,libri 9 ! ,revue des ,deux ,mondes1 #ahda2 & = "o out ( a ?\s& silly rhetorical fl\ri%es1 see ,introduction l',etude ,philosophique de l',hi/oire de l',humanit1 p> ,altmey]1 7p4 #ie17 ,galile fut =c p> un cl]g retrograde de dem&] p>don ,dieu d'avoir rvel aux hommes les t]nelles et ravissantes h>monies p> lesquelles il rgit l'univ]s4 #cbc ,summ+ up ?is peculi> phase ( hi/orical treatm5t1 !re is left f x a g5]al impression t ,galileo 0 p]secut$1 imprison$1 maltreat$1 & tortur$1 :olly & solely by reason ( 8 sci5tific belief2 t he pret5d$ to abjure1 b said e pur si muove & did n abjure4 ,! ,pons>d controv]sy 9 ,france1 :i* _h h>dly di$ out at ! late/ advices1 produc$ _m ass]tions1 /rong expression ( weak !ories1 loose /atem5t1 "s f9e writ+1 pleas+ am5ities1 su* z exagration1 inexactitude de transcription1 m5teurs1 m5songe complet1 & v little hi/orical pro(4 ,?r\gh\t ! entire range ( ! discussion "o capital feature appe>s1 z usual1 to be left totally out ( sight4 ,we mean ,! ,condition ,( ,! ,sci5tific ,"q4 ,! !ory ( ! e>?'s motion1 ,a4,d4 #ahfh1 is demon/rat$4 ,!re is no "o to "q x--unless1 inde$1 we except ,pa/or ,knaack1 an or?odox ,lu!ran1 or1 at any rate1 ,prote/ant prea*]1 9 ,b]l91 :o lately _h an excit+ controv]sy ) ,pa/or ,lisc[1 9 :i* he ma9ta9s t ! acc\nts giv5 ( ! creation ( ! _w 9 ! fir/ *apt]s ( ,g5esis are lit]ally true2 t ! e>? does n move1 etc41 etc4 ,& mo/ p]sons n[adays1 tak+ x = grant$ t ,galileo _h demon/rat$ ! tru? ( 8 sy/em1 appe> to be satisfi$ t ! tribunal by :i* he 0 judg$ mu/ h be5 p]v]sely bl9d & disgracefully ignorant 9 refus+ ass5t to a proposition s evid5t4 ,ev5 9 _m books t treat ?is discussion ) comp>ative ?or\ghness1 ! true condition ( ! sci5tific "q 9 ,galileo's day is pass$ ov] 9 sil5ce1 or pres5t$ ) />tl+ incorrectness4 ,?us any "o might read ,dr4 ,p>*appe's pret5ti\s "w c>efully ?r\gh1 & nev] suspect t ,galileo _h n triumphantly demon/rat$ ! sy/em4 ,= ano!r1 out ( _m examples1 li/5 to ,m4 ,phil>te ,*asles3 ,galileo accompli%$ ! noble/ conque/ ( mod]n sci5ce aft] t ( ,newton4 ,he det]m9$ ! problem ( ! movem5t ( ! e>?1 & ?us became culpable ( ?ree crimes--aga9/ society1 ! savants1 & ! p[] ( 8 "t4 ,s int5t is ,m4 ,*asles on 8 anti!tical ?ree crimes1 t he loses sight ( ! fact t ?is ass]tion pro/rates ! :ole *afaudage ( 8 def5ce ( ,rome--=1 ultra-lib]al ?\gh he be1 8 book is writt5 ) unusual fairness ( int5tion4 ,if ,galileo did :at ,m4 ,*asles ?us claims = him--namely1 det]m9e ! problem ( ! movem5t ( ! e>?--!re is no excuse = ,rome6 ,b a c&id exam9ation ( ! condition ( a/ronomical sci5ce at t p]iod1 & ( ! ext5t ( ,galileo's acquisitions1 w %[ t n only 0 ,,! ,,sy/em ,,n ,,demon/rat$ ,,by ,,galileo1 b t1 ) ! entire fund ( a/ronomical & physical k 9 exi/5ce 9 8 day1 x 0 n !n susceptible ( demon/ration by him or by any "o else4 ,?is exam9ation we n[ proce$ to make4 ,& we set out ) ! proposition t ,galileo1 ) all ! aid ( ! eighty ye>s ( confirmation t grew ) ! !ory ( ,cop]nicus1 ) ! light ( 8 own rem>kable discov]ies1 ) 8 brilliant g5ius & intimate conviction ( ! tru? ( 8 !ory1 0 yet n only p[]less to prove x1 b 0 s f> wide ( demon/ration t he assign$ z evid5ce 9 its support reasons t 7 utt]ly errone\s & delusive4 #cbd ,! tru? is--& x is no d]ogation ( ,galileo's magnific5t tal5t to say s--x 0 n giv5 to any s+le intellect "h bel[ to solve a problem s gigantic4 ,x 0 n possible = any mortal to conc5trate ! pati5t labor ( c5turies )9 ! space ( "o %ort life1 to ma/] all ! av5ues ( all ! sci5ces t approa* x1 to /orm ! firmam5t & lead captive ! />s4 ,no6 only ! comb9$ g5ius & ceaseless toil ( ! illu/ri\s m5 ( sci5ce ( all ,*ri/5dom b>ely succe$$ 9 accompli%+ ! demon/ration ( :i* we speak1 ne>ly two c5turies aft] ! grave _h clos$ ov] ,galileo & 8 judges4 ,x w\ld require a volume to d ! entire subject ! m]e/ ju/ice2 =1 9 addition to ! exam9ation propos$1 x is absolutely necess>y1 if only = ! sake ( *ronological cle>ness1 to pres5t at lea/ a sket* ( ,galileo's c>e]1 ! ma9 ev5ts ( 8 p]sonal & sci5tific life1 & a /atem5t ( ! difficulties t br\ght on 8 trial4 ,?is we w endeavor to d4 ,,biography4 ,born at ,pisa1 ,febru>y #bh?1 #aefd1 ,galileo-,galilei 01 at ! age ( tw5ty-six1 notic$ by ! ,c>d9al ,del ,monte1 & on 8 recomm5dation in/all$ lectur] on ma!matics 9 8 native city4 ,at ?is p]iod ! doctr9es ( ,ari/otle reign$ 9 ! s*ools1 al?\gh ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 ,nizzoli1 ,b5$etti1 & o!rs1 _h1 by _m valuable exp]im5ts1 already %ak5 ! au?ority ( ! ,/agyrite on matt]s ( sci5ce4 ,! "y ,pisan foll[$ dilig5tly 9 _! pa?1 &1 ) ! favor+ locality ( ! ,lean+ ,t[]1 demon/rat$ ! incorrectness ( ! accept$ axiom t ! velocity ( fall+ bodies is proportionate to _! weight4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ to :om ! me*anical pr9ciple1 s9ce d5om9at$ t ( ! virtual velocities1 _h occurr$ 9 its full ext5t2 & 9 pure geometry !re is no d\bt t1 at a lat] p]iod1 he anticipat$ ,cavalcanti 9 ! discov]y ( ! calculus ( ! indivisibles4 ,un=tunately1 8 indiscreet zeal _h only words ( h>%ness & rebuke = ^? :o hesitat$ to accept 8 demon/rations1 & 8 s>casms rapidly begot ali5ation & ill-w4 ,= a prejudice respectable by age he c\ld make no all[ance1 & ) ! bl9dness t 9 a blaze ( light is unable to comm& vision he _h no pati5ce4 ,galileo 01 h[ev]1 /ill "y1 & n yet1 if ev] 9 8 life1 wise en\gh to reflect1 ) ano!r great a/ronom]1 t m5 are n necess>ily ob/9ate because !y cleave to root$ & v5]able errors1 nor are !y absolutely dull :5 !y are long 9 und]/&+ & sl[ 9 embrac+ newly discov]$ tru?s4 ,! "y lectur] made s _m enemies at ,pisa t he 0 glad to leave x & accept ! *air ( ma!matics at ,padua4 ,,! ,,telescope4 ,"h he inv5t$1 or r improv$1 ! telescope4 ,galileo expressly /ates 9 8 ,nuncius ,sid]ius 7,m>*1 #afaj7 t he _h he>d t a c]ta9 ,holl&] con/ruct$ 7elaboratum7 a glass1 7p]spicillum17 by means ( :i* di/ant objects 7 made to appe> ne>4 ,:e!r ?is unkn[n optician 0 ,za*>y ,jans51 ,moetius ( ,alkm>1 or ,h5ry ,lipp]%eim ( ,middleburg1 x seems impossible to det]m9e4 #cbe ,inde$1 x seems /range t ! idea ( ! telescope _h n long be=e be5 put to practical use4 ,pass+ ov] ! p]spective glasses ( ! ,engli% a/ronom] ,dee1 or modifications ( ! sugge/ion 9 ! ,pantometria ( ,digges 9 #aega1 we f9d t ! idea ( br++ ne>] ! image ( di/ant objects by means ( a comb9ation ( l5ses is to be trac$ almo/ cle>ly to a v remote p]iod4 ,bapti/ ,porta1 9 8 ,magica ,naturalis1 publi%$ 9 #aehi1 speaks ( cry/al l5ses by :i* he c\ld read a lett] at tw5ty paces1 & 0 confid5t ( be+ able1 by multiply+ su* l5ses1 to deciph] ! smalle/ lett]s at a hundr$ paces4 ,go+ fur!r back1 we read 9 ! ,homoc5trica ( ,fraca/orius1 :o di$ 9 ! ye> #aeec1 ( glasses ?r\gh ^: aid we c deciph] writ+ at a great di/ance2 & yet fur!r1 ,rog] ,bacon1 :o di$ ,a4,d4 #acjj1 speaks ( glasses by :i* v small lett]s c\ld be read at an incr$ible di/ance4 ,galileo's fir/ telescope _h only a p[] ( ?ree1 8 second magnifi$ eight times1 8 ?ird ?irty-?ree1 ,footnote #abf & 0 soon succe$$ by a bett] "o made on a sugge/ion ( ,kepl]1 :o wrote to ,galileo3 ,!re is z mu* diff]5ce betwe5 ! diss]tations ( ,ptolemy on ! ,antipodes & ! discov]y ( a new _w by ,columbus z betwe5 ! bil5ticul> tubes :i* are ev]y:]e hawk$ ab\t & ?9e in/rum5t1 ,galileo1 :]e) ?\ ha/ p5etrat$ ! dep?s ( ! skies4 ,footnote #abf3 ,! l>ge/ telescopes we n[ h are at ,c9c9nati1 #bjd focal feet3 ,gre5wi*1 7,engl&17 #baj2 ,cambridge1 7,mass417 #bgj2 ,pult[a1 7,russia17 #bhi2 ,e4 ,coop]1 7private obs]vatory1 ,irel&17 #cjb4 ,auzont 7,p>is7 is said to h made "o ( #fjj focal feet1 b x 0 f\nd to be unmanageable4 ,^! embryo telescopes 7 f tw5ty to ?irty in*es 9 l5g?4 ,n[1 f a m]e portable toy :i* ,galileo held 9 8 h&1 ?is in/rum5t has become an imm5se con/ruction capable ( support+ ! a/ronom] himself1 & :i* complicat$ & p[]ful ma*9]y is requisite to move4 ,x is a rem>kable fact t1 z late z #afcg1 no glasses c\ld be produc$ 9 ,holl&1 ! cradle ( ! telescope1 capable ( %[+ ! satellites ( ,jupit]1 :i*1 9 our day1 c be disc]n$ ) a good field or op]a-glass4 ,) 8 baby-telescope1 !n1 9 #afaj1 ,galileo discov]$ ! irregul>ities or m\nta9s ( ! moon1 =ty />s 9 ! ,pleiades1 & ! satellites ( ,jupit]4 ,^! discov]ies 7 ann\nc$ 9 a "w be>+ ! appropriate title1 ,! ,h]ald ( ! ,skies1 7,nuncius ,sid]eus27 & x w\ld be difficult to describe ! pr(\nd s5sation ?is publication creat$4 ,kepl]1 9 a lett] to ,galileo1 describes 8 impressions on he>+ ( ! discov]s ( ! satellites ( ,jupit] 9 ! foll[+ graphic mann]3 ,wa*5fels /opp$ 8 c>riage at my door to tell me1 :5 su* a fit ( wond] seiz$ me at a report :i* seem$ s absurd t1 betwe5 8 joy1 my color+1 & ! laught] ( bo?1 conf\nd$ z we 7 by su* a novelty1 we 7 h>dly capable1 he ( speak+1 or ,i ( li/5+4 ,,galileo ,,goes ,,to ,,rome4 ,galileo visit$ ,rome = ! fir/ "t 9 #afaa4 ,8 fame _h prec$$ him1 & 8 /ay !re 0 "o long ovation4 ,att5tions beset him & honors 7 heap$ ^u him4 ,:e!r we consid] c>d9al1 prie/1 or prelate1 says ,salsbury1 he f\nd an honorable welcome f all1 & _h _! palaces z op5 to him z ! h\ses ( 8 private fri5ds4 ,8 reception 0 inde$1 z 0 beautifully rem>k$1 z ?\gh "o ( 8 own />ry wond]s _h dropp$ f ! sky4 #cbf ,he erect$ 8 be/ telescope 9 ! g>d5 ( ,c>d9al ,b&9i1 & = weeks all classes1 prie/ & layman1 noble & plebeian1 flock$ to see ! wond]s = ! fir/ "t giv5 to human gaze4 ,9 #afaa & #afab1 he _h a protract$ controv]sy1 & wrote treatises on ! "q :e!r ! %ape ( bodies has any influ5ce on _! disposition to float or s9k 9 a fluid1 & display$ mu* acute reason+ 9 support ( ! true pr9ciples ( hydro/atics4 ,,8 ,,success4 ,galileo _h n[ obta9$ weal?1 reputation1 /ation1 & high honors4 ,8 pupils 7 receiv$ z pr(essors4 ,8 disciples & correspond5ts 7 philosoph]s1 pr9ces1 & prelates4 ,opposition 0 = him b a bridge to triumph1 & ev5 8 sci5tific errors 7 n notic$ to 8 detrim5t4 ,n 8 ! fate ( ,kepl] & ,ty*o ,brahe1 compell$ to seek 9 exile ! hospitality ( an oppos+ fai?4 ,n 8 ! essays ( ! disc\rag$ ,fulton1 je]$ at up to ! in/ant t demon/ration sil5c$ cavil4 ,n 8 ! labors ( sad & sil5t nights1 de/9$ only to see ! light :5 ! h& t trac$ !m 0 cold 9 ! tomb4 ,n 8 ! con/ant /ruggle ) ye>s ( pov]ty1 ( hope def]r$1 9 spite ( :i* ,columbus f\nd a new _w1 n1 l ,galileo's1 visible 9 ! vault ( heav51 b unse51 unkn[n1 beyond ! trackless wave4 ,he wrote & spoke ex ca!dra1 &1 :e!r ) or )\t pro(s1 9 a tone ( ov]be>+ confid5ce4 ,:5 argum5t fail$ to enlight5 ! judgm5t ( 8 adv]s>ies1 says ,l>dn]1 & reason to dispel _! prejudices1 he wield$ aga9/ !m 8 p[]ful weapons ( ridicule & s>casm4 ,8 progress 0 a triumphant m>*4 ,sov]eigns receiv$ 8 d$ications1 & le>n$ academies s\ght a reflection ( 8 fame 9 s5d+ =? 8 works ) all ! illu/ration ( _! high au?ority4 ,! pa? to ! full e/abli%m5t ( ! ,cop]nican sy/em 0 op5 & broad be=e him2 b ! pride ( ! man ,footnote #abg 0 /rong] ?an ! mode/ sci5ce ( ! philosoph]1 & he made x rugg$ & difficult by ob/acles ( 8 own erection4 ,he /rove n = tru?1 b victory4 ,footnote #abg3 ,l ,cic]o1 ,galileo 0 avidior gloriae quam satis e/1 a phrase us$ by himself :5 on 8 def5ce4 ,,! ,,cop]nican ,,!ory 01 s to speak1 born1 cradl$1 nurtur$ & develop$ 9 ! ,*ur* & "u ! v %ad[ ( ,/4 ,pet]'s4 ,ni*olas ,cop]nicus 0 a prie/1 acquir$ 8 sci5tific education at ,bologna1 0 %ortly aft]w>d appo9t$ to a pr(essor%ip 9 ,rome1 :]e he lectur$ _m ye>s1 & ann\nc$ & discuss$ 8 !ory ( ! sol> sy/em long be=e x 0 publi%$4 ,! pr9t+ ( 8 great "w 0 long urg$ 9 va9 by ,c>d9al ,scomb]g1 :o s5t money to defray ! exp5se4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,culm sup]9t5d$ its publication1 & ,cop]nicus d$icat$ x to ! ,head ( ! ,*ur*1 ,pope ,paul ,,iii41 on ! express gr\nd t ! au?ority ( ! pontiff might sil5ce ! calumnies ( ^? :o attack$ ^! op9ions by argum5ts drawn f ,scripture4 #cbg ,x 0 well und]/ood t ! au?ority ( ! pontiff might be reli$ on2 = 9 #aecc1 t5 ye>s be=e ! publication ( ,de ,revolutionibus by ,cop]nicus1 ,john ,alb]t ,widman/adt1 j arriv$ 9 ,rome f ,g]many1 0 invit$ by ,pope ,clem5t ,,vii4 to give 9 8 pres5ce at ! ,vatican an explanation ( ! ,cop]nican sy/em4 ,widman/adt accord+ly deliv]$ a lecture on ! subject 9 ! g>d5 ( ! ,vatican2 & 8 hol9ess1 9 tok5 ( 8 high gratification1 pres5t$ ! di/+ui%$ ,g]man a valuable ,greek manuscript1 7long pres]v$ at ,monaco1 & n[ belong+ to ! royal libr>y at ,muni*17 on ! fly-leaf ( :i* is record$1 by ,widman/adt1 ! gift & ! incid5t connect$ ) x4 ,f t "t 7#aecc7 to #afaj1 a p]iod ( sev5ty-sev5 ye>s1 ! ,cop]nican !ory 0 widely discuss$ & writt5 ^u ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,lectures 7 deliv]$ & books publi%$ 9 ,italy1 ,g]many1 ,france1 & ,spa91 )\t let or h9drance1 9 :i* ! new sy/em 0 ?or\ghly debat$ &1 to a great ext5t1 controv]t$--controv]t$1 too1 f> m bitt]ly by a/ronom]s ?an !ologians4 ,x 01 moreov]1 discuss$ among/ all classes ( m54 ,s mu* s1 inde$1 t x 0 publicly satiriz$ 9 a f>ce put ^u ! /age at ,elb+4 ,s great1 h[ev]1 0 ! p]sonal popul>ity ( ,cop]nicus t ! piece 0 hiss$4 ,int5tionally or n1 ! impression has be5 /rongly made on ! ,engli% & ,am]ican ,prote/ant m9d t be=e ,galileo ! new sy/em sc>cely exi/$1 & t he 0 ! fir/ to ann\nce x to ! a/oni%$ & b5ight$ prie/s & c>d9als at ,rome4 ,9 l mann] a c]ta9 am\nt ( lit]>y indu/ry appe>s to h be5 us$ to pass ov] 9 comp>ative sil5ce ! m]it ( ,cop]nicus & 8 fell[-prie/s--simply because !y 7 prie/s4 ,footnote #abh ,footnote #abh3 ,9 ! int]e/ ( tru? & hi/orical accuracy1 x is highly gratify+ to be able to po9t out a signal & honorable exception 9 ! foll[+ passage1 :i* we read 9 ! ,national ,qu>t]ly ,review1 a ,prote/ant p]iodical publi%$ 9 ?is city3 ,?us we are b\nd to admit1 z beyond all dispute1 t n only 0 ! sy/em ( ! univ]se n[ univ]sally receiv$ f\nd$ by a prie/ ( ! *ur* :i* is said to be an enemy to sci5ce1 b t x 0 a bi%op & c>d9al ( ! same *ur* :o1 above all o!rs1 took mo/ pa9s to h ! sy/em promulgat$ to ! _w4 ,x 01 9 fact1 !y :o paid all ! exp5ses ( pr9t+ ! "w1 & f9ally1 x 0 to ! head ( ! *ur* ! book 0 d$icat$2 nor 0 x d$icat$ to ! pope )\t 8 hav+ giv5 full p]mission1 & x is fur!r prov$ t ,paul ,,iii4 _h n giv5 ! p]mission until he _h made himself acqua9t$ ) ! "* ( ! "w4--,national ,qu>t]ly ,review1 ,octob]1 #ahfh1 p4 #bai4 ,mu* ( ?is repreh5sible ef=t is *>geable to ,engli% lit]ature1 & ev5 ,hallam1 fair & honorable usually1 is n free f ! reproa* ( an app>5t fe> ( /at+ boldly t ,cop]nicus 0 a ,ca?olic prie/4 ,z rem>k$1 m ?an ?ree qu>t]s ( a c5tury--t is to say1 f ! p]iod ( ! ,widman/adt lecture to ! discov]y ( ! satellites ( ,jupit]--! new !ory z prop\nd$ by ,cop]nicus 0 publicly taught or discuss$ by numb]s ( ! fir/ s*ol>s & m5 ( sci5ce 9 ,europe4 ,among !m 7 ,erasmus1 ,re9hold1 & ,george ,joa*im ,rheticus2 p]sonal fri5ds & survivors ( ,cop]nicus4 ,francis ,patricias1 ! di/+ui%$ ,platoni/1 :o f #aeib to #aeig taught ! diurnal motion ( ! e>? at ,rome "u ! patronage ( ! pope4 ,9 connection ) ! "n ( ,patricius x is int]e/+ to note ! fact t ! mo/ c>eful biograph]s ( ,galileo h be5 unable to fix ! precise "t :5 he ab&on$ ! ,ptolemaic sy/em = t ( ,cop]nicus4 ,true1 ,m4 ,libri1 79 8 ,hi/oire des ,sci5ces ,ma?matiques en ,italie17 ) 8 usual read9ess und]takes to in=m u1 by /at+ t ,ds sa premire jeunesse ,galile avait adopt le sy/me de ,cop]nic1 :i* /atem5t1 9 a "q ( dates1 we f9d em95tly unsatisfactory4 #cbh ,! weight ( au?ority1 h[ev]1 appe>s to place x some:]e betwe5 #aeic & #aeig1 precisely ! p]iod :5 ,patricius 0 lectur+ at ,rome4 ,*ri/ian ,ur/isius1 :o di$ 9 #aehh1 publicly taught ! !ory ( ,cop]nicus 9 a c\rse ( lectures deliv]$ 9 ,italy1 & to him also is ascrib$1 by "s1 ! conv]sion ( ,galileo to ,cop]nicanism4 ,diego or ,didacus a ,/unica1 a ,spani>d1 a decid$ ,cop]nican1 ! fir/ x is said :o discuss$ ! ,bible argum5ts1 quot+ ,job3 ,:o %ake? ! e>? out ( h] place1 & ! pill>s !re( tremble4 ,pet] ,ramus1 :o began 8 philosophical c>e] by a public attack on ! au?ority ( ,ari/otle1 9 (f]+ to ma9ta9 ! contr>y ( any ass]tion ( 8 :atev]4 ,x is not$ z a curi\s co9cid5ce t ! publication ( ! op9ions ( ,cop]nicus & ( ,ramus1 controv]t+ anci5t a/ronomy 7,ptolemy7 & anci5t logic1 7,ari/otle17 7 made 9 ! same ye>1 7#aedc47 ,al?\gh call$ by ,bacon a skulk+-hole ( ignorance1 a p]nici\s book-worm1 etc41 he 0 nev]!less a man ( great p[]s & acquirem5ts4 ,be=e ,galileo came on ! /age1 he appe>$ to favor ! sy/em ( ,cop]nicus4 ,*ri/oph] ,ro?man1 :o1 al?\gh a fri5d & at "o "t a foll[] ( ,ty*o ,brahe1 0 a def5d] bo? ( ! annual & diurnal motion ( ! e>?4 ,william ,gilb]t & ,edw>d ,wright1 two ,engli% sci5tific m51 :o may be class$ among ! oppon5ts ( ! ,cop]nican sy/em4 ,b5$etti1 :o cauti\sly favor$ ! sy/em4 ,*ri/oph] ,clavius1 a celebrat$ ,jesuit1 ^: va/ le>n+ 0 ! admiration ( 8 age4 ,9 #aegj1 he spoke ( ,cop]nicus z ! excell5t re/or] ( a/ronomy :om all po/]ity w gratefully celebrate & admire z a second ,ptolemy4 ,we %all meet ,clavius aga94 ,n to speak ( ,kepl]1 we might m5tion ,raim>us1 ,mae/l91 ,vieta1 & _m o!rs :o wrote or lectur$ on ! subject ( ! !ory ( ,cop]nicus previ\s to ! ye> #afaj4 ,& yet we n[ rea* a p]iod :5 a pr(essor ( ?is same ,cop]nican !ory1 9 its home 9 ,italy1 0 to be subject$ to :at are call$ ! t]rors ( ! ,inquisition6 ,,:5ce ,,! ,,*ange8 ,h[ came x ab\t8 ,7 !re elem5ts 9 ! controv]sy o!r ?an sci5tific8 ,& 0 x1 or n1 ! fault ( ,galileo t ! "q 0 %ift$ f ! safe repose ( ! sci5tific basis 9 :i* x _h rema9$ undi/urb$ m ?an f\r-score ye>s8 ,,second ,,visit ,,to ,,rome4 ,9 #afae1 ,galileo 0 d5\nc$ to ! ,inquisition by ,lor9i = hav+ ass]t$1 9 a lett] to ,ca/elli1 ! consi/5cy ( 8 !ories ) ! ,scriptures4 ,lor9i produc$ a copy ( ! lett] 9 support ( 8 *>ge4 ,! (ficials dem&$ ! orig9al1 :i* ! compla9ant c\ld n produce1 al?\gh e "o 9 ,rome knew :]e x 04 ,galileo's d5unciator 01 s to speak1 non-suit$1 & !re ! matt] end$4 ,meantime1 ?r\gh ,ciampoli1 ,c>d9al ,b>b]9i1 aft]w>d ,pope ,urban ,,viii41 convey$ to ,galileo ! advice n to travel out ( ! limits ( physics & ma!matics1 b conf9e himself to su* reason+s z ,ptolemy & ,cop]nicus us$2 because1 decl>+ ! views ( ,scripture ! !ologians ma9ta9 to be _! p>ticul> prov9ce4 #cbi ,?is advice1 toge!r ) ! op9ion ( ! em95t ,bell>m9e1 %[s precisely ! condition ( op9ion & feel+ 9 ,rome at ! p]iod 9 "q4 ,galileo did n leave ,rome aft] ! inquiry ( #afae1 & !n writes to ,pic*5a ,feb4 #af?1 #afaf3 ,my affair has be5 br\ght to a close1 s f> z ,i am individually conc]n$2 ! result has be5 signifi$ to me by all _! em95ces ! c>d9als1 :o manage ^! affairs 9 ! mo/ lib]al & k9d mann]1 ) ! assurance t !y _h felt1 z x 7 ) _! own h&s1 no less my own c&or & s9c]ity1 ?an ! diabolical malignity & iniquit\s purposes ( my p]secutors4 ,s t1 s f> z ,i am conc]n$1 ,i might return home at any mom5t4 ,b he did n *oose to return1 & rema9$ 9 ord] to obta9 a decision t %\ld decl>e 8 sci5tific op9ion 9 accordance ) ,scripture4 ,8 fri5d ,c>d9al ,ors9i ent]$ w>mly into 8 views1 & aft] hav+ fail$ 9 hav+ ! "q tak5 up by ! c>d9als1 _h ! imprud5ce to =ce x 7arrept potius quam capt occasione7 ^u ! att5tion ( ! pope & ! c>d9als :ile 9 delib]ation ^u matt]s ( weighty conc]n 9 "o ( _! l>ge/ meet+s4 ,on a second int]ruption ! pope1 naturally impati5t1 decl>$ he w\ld s5d ! matt] be=e ! ,inquisition4 ,he kept 8 ^w1 & elev5 consultative !ologians _h ord]s f him to report1 :i* !y did1 ,febru>y #bd?1 #afaf4 ,by virtue ( an ord]1 said to h be5 writt5 by ! pope himself ^u ?is report1 & notifi$ on ! #be? ,febru>y1 to ! ,commiss>y ( ! ,holy ,(fice by ,c>d9al ,mell9i1 ,galileo 0 summon$ ! next day to ! palace ( ! ,inquisition1 :]e he 0 br\ght be=e ,c>d9al ,bell>m9e4 ,! decree 0 n "o ( utt] condemnation1 b a decl>ation t ! sy/em appe>$ to be contr>y to ! sacr$ ,scripture4 ,galileo 0 enjo9$ by ! decree to ab&on ! op9ion ( t]re/rial motion1 & nei!r to tea* nor treat ( x4 ,nor 0 ?is a discrim9ation aga9/ ,galileo m]ely because he 0 a layman4 ,a few days aft]w>d ! congregation condemn$ ! "w ( ,fosc>9i1 a ,c>melite fri> & pr(essor ( philosophy1 :o publi%$ a lett] def5d+ ! sy/ems ( ,cop]nicus & ,galileo4 ,x is important "h to rem>k t ! decree ( #bf? ,febru>y1 #afaf1 =bidd+ ,galileo to tea* ! doctr9e ( ! immobility ( ! sun 0 sci5tifically correct1 ev5 tri$ by our mod]n sci5tific /&>d4 ,ut supradictam op9ionem quod sol sit c5trum mundi et immobilis 444 omn9o rel9quat1 nec eam de cet]o quovis modo t5eat1 doceat1 aut def5dat4 ,w any man ( mod]n sci5ce und]take to say t ,galileo 0 "r 9 d5y+ ! rotation ( ! sun8 ,nev]!less1 ,galileo writes to ,pic*5a3 ,! result has n be5 favorable to my enemies1 ! doctr9e ( ,cop]nicus n hav+ be5 decl>$ h]etical1 b only z n consonant ) sacr$ ,scripture2 :5ce1 ! :ole prohibition is ( ^? works 9 :i* t consonance 0 ma9ta9$4 ,meantime ^! proce$+s1 imp]fectly kn[n abroad1 d\btless gave rise to reports :i* ! diabolical malignity ( ,galileo's enemies 7z he /yl$ x7 did n fail to exagg]ate4 ,h5ce1 ! c]tificate :i* he procur$ %ortly aft] f ,c>d9al ,bell>m9e4 ,! enemies ,galileo speaks ( 7 at fir/ n 9 ,rome b 9 ,tuscany1 z ,libri1 9 8 ,hi/oire des ,sci5ces1 7p4 #bca17 is at "s pa9s to expla94 #ccj ,! s]mon ( ,cacc9i1 :o took = 8 text ,josue x4 #ab1 ,move n1 ,o sun1 t[>d ,gabaon2 nor ?\1 ,o moon1 t[>d ! valley ( ,ajalon1 quot+ f ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 ,ye m5 ( ,galilee1 :y /& y "h look+ up to heav58--0 prea*$ 9 ,flor5ce1 & ! fri>-prea*] 0 call$ to sev]e acc\nt = x by 8 sup]ior at ,rome1 ! g5]al ( ! ,dom9icans4 ,"h is ! e/imate 9 :i* ,cacc9i's p]=mance 0 held at ! "t 9 ,rome3 ,all to :om ,i h spok51 writes an em95t ecclesia/ic1 ,ca/elli1 ?9k x great imp]t95ce 9 prea*]s to m\nt _! pulpits to treat ( su* high1 pr(essor-l matt]s1 7matt]ie di catt$ra e tanto elevate17 be=e wom5 & p :]e !re are s few to und]/& !m4 ,& really ,ca/elli's s5tim5t is n )\t its salt1 ev5 :5 we transf] x f ! #ag? to ! #ai? c5tury4 ,c>d9al ,bell>m9e's op9ion z to ,galileo appe>s 9 an extract f a lett] ( ,ciampoli1 ,m>* #ba/1 #afae1 :o /ates ! conclusion ( a long conv]sation betwe5 ,c>d9al del ,monte & ,c>d9al ,bell>m9e on ! subject ( ! new op9ions to be z foll[s3 ,by conf9+ himself to ! sy/em ,,& ,,x',s ,,demon/ration1 )\t int]f]+ ) ! ,scriptures1 ! int]pretation ( :i* !y wi% to h conf9$ to !ological pr(essors approv$ & au?oriz$ = ! purpose1 ,galileo w\ld be secure aga9/ any contradiction2 b t o!rwise explanations ( ,scripture1 h[ev] +5i\s1 w be admitt$ ) difficulty :5 !y dep>t f ! common op9ion ( ! fa!rs4 ,! s5sation & consequ5t discussion result+ f ,galileo's discov]ies _h induc$ ,bell>m9e to submit !m to f\r ( ! mo/ sci5tific fa!rs ( 8 ord] 7,jesuits7 = _! op9ion4 ,"o ( ^! fa!rs 0 ! r5[n$ ,clavius4 ,_! answ] is publi%$ 9 ,v5turi1 "p ,i1 p4 #afg1 & %[s t !y approv$ ! discov]ies4 ,z to ,c>d9al ,bell>m9e himself1 x w\ld take u too f> out ( our way to %[ f ov]:elm+ te/imony t he nev] que/ion$ ! tru? ( ,galileo's doctr9e1 b only 8 imprud5t mann] ( prop\nd+ x4 ,8 position1 9 8 own words1 0 ?is1 & 8 words are full ( wisdom3 ,:5 a demon/ration %all be f\nd to e/abli% ! e>?'s motion1 x w be prop] to int]pret ! sacr$ ,scriptures o!rwise ?an !y h be5 hi!rto 9 ^? passages :]e m5tion is made ( ! /ability ( ! e>? & movem5ts ( ! heav5s4 ,s end$ ! fir/ judicial inquiry1 & ^! two great m51 ,c>d9als ,b>b]9i & ,bell>m9e1 ?us appe> to h provid5tially left on record a suffici5t answ] to mod]n misrepres5tation1 :ile %[+ !mselves to be ! true fri5ds ( sci5ce4 ,prove y\r sy/em--,demon/rate x1 !y sub/antially say to ,galileo--& give y\rself no conc]n ab\t ! ,scriptures6--! !ologians w take c>e ( !m4 ,inde$1 ! s5tim5ts ( ^! c>d9als ( ! #ag? seem to anticipate ! language ( ! ,holy ,fa!r 9 ! #ai? c5tury4 ,?is mo/ t5d] "m1 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 recognizes & ju/ly proclaims1 says ,pius ,,ix4 z cit$ by ,fa!r ,heck] 9 8 ,aspirations ( ,nature1 t among ! gifts ( ,heav5 ! mo/ di/+ui%$ is t ( reason1 by means ( :i* we raise ourselves above ! s5ses1 & pres5t 9 ourselves a c]ta9 image ( ,god4 ,c]ta9ly1 ! *ur* does n condemn ! labors ( ^? :o wi% to "k ! tru?1 s9ce ,god has plac$ 9 human nature ! desire ( lay+ hold ( ! true2 nor does %e condemn ! ef=t ( s\nd & "r reason1 by :i* ! m9d or cultivat$ nature is se>*$ & h] m hidd5 secrets br\ght to light4 #cca 7,pius ,,ix4's lett] to ! bi%ops ( ,au/ria47 ,! ,holy ,fa!r1 9 8 v>i\s encyclicals1 has repeat$ly giv5 eloqu5t expression to ! necessity & true use ( reason & ( sci5ce2 & ^! are ! worldly arms ^: skilful use by our prie/s & mission>ies w mo/ avail :]e worldly arms are ne$$ to c>ry ! outpo/s ( intr5*$ positions 9 :i* !re are conv]sions to make or s\ls to be sav$4 ,on ! t]m9ation ( ! inquiry ( #afaf1 ,galileo _h an audi5ce ) ,pope ,paul ,v41 :o receiv$ him v graci\sly & gave him e assurance ( good-w & fri5d%ip1 8 ,hol9ess assur+ him 9 p>t+ t ! ,congregation 7 no long] 9 a humor to li/5 lightly to calumnies aga9/ him1 & t s long z he occupi$ ! papal *air ,galileo might consid] himself safe4 ,9 8 introduction to ! ,dialogue1 7#afcj17 ,galileo ?us speaks ( ?is visit3 ,mi trovai allora pres5te 9 ,roma2 ebbi non solo udi5ze ma ancora applausi dei piu em95ti ,prelati di quella ,corte4 ,"h is ! c]tificate ref]r$ to1 :i* 0 giv5 to ,galileo by ,c>d9al ,bell>m9e3 ,we1 ,rob]t ,bell>m9e1 hav+ le>n$ t ! ,signor ,galileo-,galilei has be5 subject$ to false imputations1 & t he has be5 reproa*$ ) hav+ made be=e u abjuration ( 8 errors1 & t by our ord] c]ta9 p5ances 7 impos$ ^u him1 decl>e con=mably ) tru? t ! said ,galileo1 nei!r be=e u nor be=e any o!r p]son :omsoev] 9 ,rome1 nor 9 any o!r place t we are aw>e (1 made any sort ( retraction 9 relation to any ( 8 op9ions or ( 8 ideas1 t no puni%m5t or p5ance 0 inflict$ on him2 b t a communication 0 made to him ( a decl>ation ( 8 ,hol9ess1 our sov]eign1 :i* decl>ation 0 promulgat$ by ! ,sacr$ ,congregation ( ! ,index1 f ! t5or ( :i* x results1 t '! doctr9e attribut$ to ,cop]nicus z to ! pret5d$ movem5t ( ! e>? r\nd ! sun1 & z to ! place :i* ! sun occupies 9 ! c5tre ( ! _w )\t mov+ f its ris+ to its sett+1 is oppos$ to ! ,holy ,scriptures1 & consequ5tly may n be def5d$ or held4' ,9 fai? ( :i* we h writt5 & sign$ ! pres5t ! #bf? ( ,may1 #afaf1 z "h bel[4 7,sign$7 ,rob]t ,c>d9al ,bell>m9e4 ,! expression ,holy ,scriptures1 gives ! key to ! :ole difficulty4 ,! ,congregation1 9 ! fir/ place1 discrim9at$ prop]ly 9 refus+ to recognize z a demon/rat$ proposition t :i* z yet 0 & only c\ld be hypo!sis4 ,we h se5 t x 0 ! unyield+ ob/9acy ( ,galileo 9 cont9u+ to make x a !ological or scriptural "q t creat$ all ! tr\ble2 & if any "o d\bts x1 he may be correct$1 z 0 ,mr4 ,dr9kwat]1 by an au?ority :i* w h>dly be que/ion$3 ,mr4 ,dr9kwat] seems to be mi/ak5 9 suppos+ t ,galileo did n endeavor to prove 8 sy/em compatible ) ,scripture4 ,9 a lett] to ,*ri/9a1 ,gr&-,du*ess ( ,tuscany1 ! au?or 7,br5na7 ( ! life 9 ,fabbroni's "w tells u t he argu$ v elaborately = t purpose4 ,x seems1 9 fact1 to h be5 8 ov] desire to prove 8 !ory or?odox1 :i* inc5s$ ! *ur* aga9/ x4 7,hallam1 ,hi/4 ,lit4 ,europe1 vol4 iv4 p4 #aga47 ,9 va9 ,bell>m9e caution$ him1 ,x 0 ess5tial t he %\ld conf9e himself )9 8 ma!matical /udies1 if he wi%$ to secure tranquillity = 8 labors4 ,9 va9 ,c>d9al ,matteo ,b>b]9i gave him ! same advice4 ,/ill ,galileo p]si/$1 al?\gh f #afaf to #afcb he 0 n 9 ! slighte/ degree int]f]$ )1 & dur+ all t "t nev] ceas$ receiv+ di/+ui%$ m>ks ( honor & e/eem f pope & c>d9als4 #ccb ,,urban ,,viii4 7,,b>b]9i47 ,9 ,augu/1 #afbc1 ,c>d9al ,b>b]9i 0 elect$ pope4 ,8 promotion 0 hail$ by sci5tific m5 ) en?usiasm4 ,he _h prov$ himself ! fri5d ( ,galileo1 & on 8 accession address$ a lett] to ! ,gr&-,duke ( ,tuscany1 felicitat+ him on ! glory r$\nd+ to ,etruria by reason ( ! g5ius & discov]ies ( ,galileo4 ,meantime1 9 #afah1 ,galileo _h publi%$ 8 ,!ory ( ! ,tides1 *iefly not$ = its ho/ile tone ( s>casm1 & its sci5tific incorrectness4 ,he _h also be5 deeply occupi$ ) 8 me?od ( f9d+ ! longitude at sea1 & imag9$ he _h succe$$4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 mi/ak54 ,8 me?od 0 a failure4 ,,galileo',s ,,?ird ,,visit ,,to ,,rome 0 made 9 ! spr+ ( #afbd4 ,he 0 aga9 en?usia/ically receiv$1 & admitt$ to six long & gratify+ audi5ces ) ,urban1 ^: k9dness 0 mo/ m>k$4 ,galileo return$ home lad5 ) pres5ts1 besides a p5sion f ,urban ( "o hundr$ cr[ns ye>ly1 & ano!r ( sixty p\nds = 8 son ,v9c5zo4 ,?us1 says ! ,ed9burgh ,review1 did ! ,roman pontiff propitiate ! excit$ _s ( ! philosoph]1 & decl>e be=e ! ,*ri/ian _w t he 0 nei!r ! enemy ( ,galileo nor ( sci5ce4 ,& n[1 honor$ ) all ^! m>ks ( e/eem1 confid5ce1 & favor2 ) ! fulle/ lic5se to prosecute 8 rese>*es & publi% 8 discov]ies1 provid$ only t he ab/a9$ f any !ological complication by dragg+ ! ,scriptures into ! discussion1 h[ did ,galileo act8 ,b be=e answ]+ ! "q1 let u pause a mom5t to see :at 0 ! condition & reputation1 at ,rome itself1 ( a/ronomical rese>* 9 ! direction ( ! new doctr9es1 & ! e/imate 9 :i* !y 7 held4 ,,a/ronomy ,,9 ,,rome4 ,! papal c\rt 0 fill$ ) ! p]sonal fri5ds & adh]5ts ( ,galileo & 8 sy/em4 ,! ,pope2 ,ciampoli1 8 private secret>y2 ,ca/elli1 8 ma!matician2 ,caes>9i1 ! ,gr& ,*amb]la91 & ! mo/ di/+ui%$ among ! c>d9als1 7 kn[n to ent]ta9 ! ,cop]nican doctr9e4 ,! di/+ui%$ ,jesuit ,torquato de ,cuppis 0 deliv]+ lectures 9 ! ,roman ,college 9 support ( ,cop]nicanism4 ,at ! ,sapi5za ano!r ,jesuit gave simil> lectures4 ,yet ano!r1 ! di/+ui%$ ,s*e9]1 advanc$ ! sy/em ) obs]vations & discov]ies1 &1 says ,bailli1 0 ! fir/ a/ronom] :o obs]v$ & expla9$ 7,sol ellipticus7 ! elliptic =m :i* ! sun takes 9 approa*+ ! horizon4 ,! celebrat$ "w ( ! ,c>melite fri> ,fosc>9i1 at ,naples1 0 publi%$ = ,roman circulation1 & boldly argu$ n only ! ,cop]nican hypo!sis 9 all its fulness1 b its consi/5cy ) ,scripture4 ,b m ?an & beyond all ?is1 ! *air ( a/ronomy 9 ! pope's own univ]sity ( ,bologna1 vacant by ! dea? ( ,mag9i 9 #afaf1 0 t5d]$ to ,kepl]2 ?us (f]+ ! tea*+ ( h]etical a/ronomy to a ,prote/ant h]etic1 :o 0 if n ! mo/ active yet ! mo/ effici5t advocate ( ,cop]nicanism6 #ccc ,inde$1 x may be rem>k$1 s9ce ,kepl]'s "n is m5tion$1 t a/ronom]s 7 f> bett] (f 9 ,ca?olic ,italy ?an 9 ,prote/ant ,g]many2 = :ile ,galileo 0 tea*+ 9 peace & honor f 8 pr(essor's *air at ,padua1 ,kepl] & ,ty*o ,brahe met = ! fir/ "t at ,prague4 ,prote/ant exiles f ,prote/ant l&s1 !y f\nd 9 ! munific5t protection ( ,rudolph safe asylum & an appreciation ( _! sci5tific m]its d5i$ !m at home4 ,,ty*o ,,brahe4 ,ho/ility 0 excit$ aga9/ ,brahe at ! c\rt ( ,d5m>k1 &1 on ! gr\nd ( an exhau/$ treasury & ! inutility ( 8 /udies1 he 0 degrad$ f 8 (fice1 depriv$ ( 8 canonry1 8 p5sion1 & 8 ,norwegian e/ate1 & bo? 8 wife & family oblig$ to seek %elt] 9 a =eign l&4 ,8 injuries & suff]+s prey$ ^u 8 m9d1 & he surviv$ only two ye>s ! %ameful treatm5t he _h receiv$ at ! h&s ( 8 ,lu!ran c\ntrym54 ,lal&e1 9 ref]r+ to ! p]secution ( ,ty*o ,brahe1 holds up ! ,m9i/] ,wal*5dorf to execration & infamy4 ,,kepl] 0 =c$ to leave home1 to accept a pr(essor%ip at ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,gratz4 ,:y8 ,wolfgang ,m5zel in=ms u1 7,ges*i*te d] ,deuts*51 vol4 ii4 p4 #fde37 ,! !ologians ( ,tb+5 condemn$ 8 discov]y1 because ! ,bible tea*es t ! sun revolves ab\t ! e>?1 & n ! e>? ab\t ! sun4 ,he 0 ab\t to suppress 8 book1 :5 an asylum 0 op5$ at ,gratz4 ,! ,jesuits1 :o bett] knew h[ to prize 8 sci5tific tal5t1 reta9$ him1 al?\gh he op5ly av[$ 8 ,lu!ranism4 ,x 0 only at home t he suff]$ p]secution1 & x 0 ) difficulty t he succe$$ 9 sav+ 8 own "m f be+ burnt alive z a wit*4 ,footnote #abi ,footnote #abi3 ,= o!r rem>kable features ( ?is p]secution1 see ,johann ,kepl]'s ,leb5 und ,w]k51 von ,g4 ,l4 ,c4 ,freih]rn von ,breits*w]t4 ,if we maybe p]mitt$ su* homely phrase1 ,engli% lit]ature draws x v mild :5 oblig$ to ref] to ! %ameful treatm5t ( ,kepl] & ,ty*o ,brahe4 ,_! p]secutors 7 ! ,prote/ant !ologians ( ,tb+51 & ! ,lu!ran m9i/]s ( ! ,dani% c\rt4 ,consequ5tly1 ^! b>b>\s transactions are always delicately allud$ to :5 n suppress$1 & are b little kn[n4 ,if ^! prea*]s _h be5 ,roman prie/s & c>d9als--ah6 !n inde$6 ,z a/ronom]1 ,kepl]'s fir/ task 0 to draw up ! ,/yrian ,cal5d> = #aeid4 ,?is only s]v$ to add fuel to ! flames ( ! wra? ( ! ,wrtemb]g div9es1 inasmu* z ,kepl] us$ ! ,gregorian cal5d>4 ,hav+ no antipa?y to popes z su*1 he 0 will+ to take ! good & ! useful )\t ask+ :5ce x came1 & gladly us$ ! bett] measure ( "t4 ,! ,academic ,s5ate /raightway address$ ,duke ,l\is 9 prote/ aga9/ ! introduction ( ! dete/$ papal cal5d>2 & _! memorial is s em95tly *>act]i/ic & comical t we _c d5y our read]s ! enjoym5t ( its p]usal4 ,"h x is3 ,a ,*ri/ian1 s5sible1 & good-he>t$ gov]nor kn[s t 9 re=mations ( ?is k9d he %\ld take c\nsel ( ! m9i/]s ( ! *ur*4 ,z long z ! k+s ( ,judah foll[$ ! c\nsel ( ! prophets & o!r highly enlight5$ m9i/]s ( ! *ur*1 !y rul$ laudably & well--pleas+ unto ,god4 ,x is only :5 ! temporal p[] is 9 a memb] ( ! true *ur* ( ,god t x has au?ority1 ) ! c\nsel ( ! m9i/]s ( ! *ur*1 to *ange ! outw>d c]emonies ( ! *ur*4 #ccd ,z ! emp]or holds ! pope to be ! vic> ( ,*ri/ on e>?1 x is n to be wond]$ at t he has introduc$ 8 cal5d> into 8 h]$it>y dom9ions1 & s5t x to ! e/ates ( ! ,roman empire4 ,julius ,caes> _h n memb]s ( 8 empire :o 7 lords & rul]s !mselves l ! e/ates ( ! pres5t ,roman empire4 ,! imp]ial maje/y und]/&s itself1 &1 9 its lett] to ! e/ates1 m]ely gives !m to und]/& t ?is accommodat+ !mselves to 8 ^w w give ! highe/ satisfaction4 ,b ! new cal5d> has manife/ly be5 devis$ = ! fur!rance ( ! idolatr\s popi% sy/em1 & we ju/ly hold ! pope to be a cruel1 dev\r+1 be>-wolf4 ,if we adopt 8 cal5d>1 we mu/ g into ! *ur* :5 he r+s = u4 ,%all we h fell[%ip ) ,anti*ri/8 ,& :at concord is !re betwe5 ,*ri/ & ,belial8 ,%\ld he succe$ ?r\gh ! imp]ial au?ority 9 fa/5+ 8 cal5d> ab\t our neck1 he w\ld br+ ! cord 9 su* a way ab\t our horns t we c\ld no long] def5d ourselves aga9/ 8 tyranny 9 ! *ur* ( ,god4 ,! pope h]eby grasps at ! electoral hats ( ! pr9ces ( ! empire4 ,if ! new cal5d> be n g5]ally adopt$1 ! _w w n g to ru9 on t acc\nt4 ,summ] w n come soon] or lat] if ! v]nal equ9ox %\ld be set a few days fur!r back or =w>d 9 ! cal5d>2 no peasant w be s simple z1 on acc\nt ( ! cal5d>1 to s5d out 8 reap]s at ,:itsuntide1 or ! ga!r]s into 8 v9ey>d at ,/4 ,james' day4 ,^! are m]ely ! pretexts ( ! p :o /roke ! foxtail ( ! pope & w\ld n be ?\ght to d s4 ,satan is driv5 out ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,we w n let him slip 9 aga9 ?r\gh 8 repres5tative ! pope4 ,& s9ce we speak ( ,kepl]1 x may "h be rem>k$ t ! appreciation 9 :i* ,galileo & ,kepl] are held 9 g5]al hi/orical lit]ature is f> f accord+ ) ! e/imate ( sci5tific m54 ,x is assum$ t ,galileo 0 p]secut$1 & t ! *ur* 0 8 p]secutor4 ,elevat$ on ! p$e/al ( 8 trial at ,rome1 ! man ( sci5ce is lo/ 9 ! m>tyr1 & ! ,tuscan philosoph] appe>s 9 bold relief on ! page ( hi/ory1 :ile ,kepl]1 ! great] a/ronom]1 rema9s invisible4 ,x is ?\ght1 & n )\t reason1 t1 b = ! ,inquisition1 ! relative reputation ( ^! two great m5 w\ld be rev]s$1 & ! transc5d5t g5ius ( ,galileo's ,lu!ran contempor>y1 ! legislator ( ! planets1 h be5 long s9ce recogniz$4 ,9 _! anxiety to make ! /ronge/ possible case aga9/ ,rome1 anti-,ca?olic writ]s h1 "s p]haps unconsci\sly1 & "s ) set purpose1 greatly exagg]at$ all ! abilities & good qualities ( ,galileo1 & inve/$ him ) a sup]iority f> f m]it$4 ,to believe !m1 "o mu/ look ^u ,galileo z immeasurably excell+ all 8 pr$ecessors & contempor>ies--c5tr+ )9 himself almo/ sup]human qualities ( rese>* & sci5tific atta9m5t4 ,m]it1 tal5t1 g5ius1 ,galileo c]ta9ly possess$2 b tri$ by a sci5tific /&>d1 x 0 inf]ior to t ( ! m mode/ & less clamor\s ,kepl]4 ,galileo's true & endur+ m]it z f\nd] ( ! mod]n sci5ce ( dynamics1 & z ! au?or ( ! gr&ly sugge/ive pr9ciple ( ! virtual velocities1 is entirely ov]look$ to claim = him a position 9 mod]n a/ronomy :i* _c ju/ly be accord$ to him except z second>y to ,cop]nicus1 to ,kepl]1 & probably to ,newton4 ,! preem95ce claim$ = ! ,tuscan a/ronom] w n /& ! te/ ( exam9ation4 ,) ,engli% read]s1 x ma9ly re/s on ,hume's celebrat$ p>allel betwe5 ,bacon & ,galileo4 ,! discov]ies ( ,kepl]1 rem>ks ,pr(essor ,playfair1 7 secrets extract$ f nature by ! mo/ pr(\nd & labori\s rese>*4 ,! a/ronomical discov]ies ( ,galileo1 m brilliant & impos+1 7 made at a f> less exp5se ( intellectual labor4 ,footnote #acj ,footnote #acj3 ,m4 ,?omas ,h5ri ,m>t91 au?or ( ! v late/ "w on ,galileo1 is n at all ( ! ,scot* pr(essor's op9ion1 b foll[s & ev5 surpasses ,hume 9 laudation ( ,galileo4 #cce ,,m>tyrs ,,( ,,sci5ce4 ,b to return4 ,if1 besides ,kepl] & ,ty*o ,brahe1 ano!r m>tyr ( sci5ce is ne$$1 he may be se5 9 ! p]son ( ,desc>tes1 hunt$ cl[n by ! ,prote/ant *ur*m5 ( ,holl&4 ,nay1 if suff]+ sci5ce h]self is look$ =1 %e may be f\nd 9 ! ,gregorian cal5d>1 = m ?an a c5tury refus$ admission or recognition by an ,engli% p>liam5t t w\ld r qu>rel ) all ! />s 9 heav5 ?an c\nt "t ) ,rome6 ,tru?1 z ,hallam rem>ks1 be+ no long] tru? :5 promulgat$ by ! pope6 ,among ! v few m5 9 all ,engl& :o treat$ ! ,gregorian cal5d> ) any degree ( polit5ess 0 ,"l ,*e/]field1 !n a memb] ( p>liam5t4 ,he writes1 7,m>* #ah?1 #agea1 old /yle17 ,! ,julian cal5d> 0 errone\s1 & _h ov]*>g$ ! sol> ye> ) elev5 days4 ,pope ,gregory ,,xiii4 correct$ ?is error4 ,8 re=m$ cal5d> 0 imm$iately receiv$ by all ! ,ca?olic p[]s ( ,europe1 & aft]w>d adopt$ by all ! ,prote/ant ones except ,russia1 ,sw$51 & ,engl&4 ,x 0 n1 9 my op9ion1 v honorable = ,engl& to rema9 9 a gross & av[$ error1 especially 9 su* company4 ,! inconv5i5ce ( x 0 likewise felt by all ^? :o _h =eign correspond5ces1 :e!r political or m]cantile4 ,"l ,*e/]field 0 ma9ly in/rum5tal 9 gett+ up ! bill = its introduction4 ,on m5tion+ ! project to ! prime m9i/]1 ! ,duke ( ,newca/le1 !n 9 ! z5i? ( 8 p[]1 ! noble duke seem$ mo/ cons]vatively al>m$ at su* an und]tak+1 & conjur$ ! e>l 7,*e/]field7 n to /ir matt]s t _h long be5 quiet2 add+ t he did n love new-fangl$ ?+s4 ,"l ,mahon1 9 8 hi/ory1 gives sev]al curi\s in/ances ( ! res5tm5t ( ! ,engli% p aga9/ ^? :o aid$ 9 br++ ab\t ! *ange 9 ! cal5d>2 ?us1 :5 9 #aged ,"l ,macclesfield's son /ood a great conte/$ election 9 ,ox=d%ire1 "o ( ! mo/ vehem5t cries rais$ aga9/ him 01 ,give u back ! elev5 days we h be5 robb$ (6 & ev5 sev]al ye>s lat]1 :5 ,bradley1 ! a/ronom]1 worn d[n by 8 labors 9 ! cause ( sci5ce1 0 s9k+ "u mortal disease1 _m ( ! common p ascrib$ 8 suff]+s to a judgm5t ( ,heav5 = hav+ tak5 "p 9 t infam\s und]tak+4 ,suff]+ sci5ce may aga9 be f\nd 9 ,engl& 9 ! p]son ( ,alban ,francis1 insult+ly refus$ ! degree ( ,a4,m4 by ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge 9 #afhg1 b aft]w>d mock+ly (f]$ x on condition t he--a ,b5$ict9e monk--%\ld take ! /ate oa? pron\nc+ ! ,ca?olic religion damnable & idolatr\s1 :5 x 0 well kn[n t ! degree _h be5 giv5 to m5 ( e v>iety ( nationality & religi\s pr(ession1 ev5 9 "o case to ! ,mohamm$an secret>y ( ! ambassador ( ,morocco6 ,suff]+ sci5ce aga9 9 ! ,engli% /atutes1 #g? ,w4 ,,iii41 *4 #d1 s4 #a & #i1 by virtue ( :i*3 #a4 ,if a ,ca?olic 9 ,irel& kept s*ool1 or taught any p]son any species ( lit]ature or sci5ce1 su* tea*] 0 puni%able by law ) bani%m5t2 & if he return$1 he 0 subject to be hang$ z a felon4 #b4 ,if a ,ca?olic *ild receiv$ lit]>y in/ruction f a ,ca?olic1 ei!r privately or at s*ool1 su* *ild1 ev5 ?\gh 9 its infancy1 incurr$ a =feiture ( all its prop]ty pres5t or future4 #ccf #c4 ,& ?us depriv$ ( ! means ( k1 if ! ,ca?olic *ild w5t into a =eign c\ntry = education1 ! *ild incurr$ ! same p5alty1 z also ! p]son mak+ any remittance ( goods or money = its ma9t5ance6 ,suff]+ sci5ce aga91 )9 b a few ye>s1 9 ! p]sons ( su* geological writ]s z ,dr4 ,buckl&1 d5\nc$ by lead+ ,engli% p]iodicals & respectable qu>t]lies--recogniz$ organs ( ,prote/ant op9ion--7ea* "o a special1 self-con/itut$1 oecum5ical c\ncil ad hoc17 = assign+ dates to rocks & fossil rema9s1 :i* 7 suppos$ by al>m$ ,prote/ant !ologians to v>y f ! ,mosaic acc\nts4 ,we pres5t ^! facts n by way ( ! ju/ification t1 ignorance & p]secution be+ alleg$ to exi/ on ! ,ca?olic side1 !re are also su* ?+s z ,prote/ant p]secution & ignorance2 = ! "o w n excuse ! o!r1 any m ?an two wrongs w make a "r4 ,pass y\r own consci5ti\s v]dict1 read]1 on all ^! transactions1 & be> 9 m9d t ,galileo's real enemies 7 ( ! same class ( m5 :o p]secut$ ,kepl] 9 ,wrtemb]g1 ,ty*o ,brahe 9 ,d5m>k1 & ,desc>tes 9 ,holl&4 ,! fir/ 7 ,ca?olic1 all ! la/ 7 ,prote/ants2 b all 7 adh]5ts ( ! old ,ptolemaic sy/em & ! ,ari/otelian philosophy4 ,& t 0 ! field on :i* ! battle 0 f\ght 9 ,italy1 until ,galileo insi/$ on dragg+ 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,! pope & ! c>d9als e/eem$ & honor$ ,galileo p]sonally1 &1 z we see1 7 f> f be+ 9 ! ,p]ipatetic ranks4 ,b h[ did ,galileo act aft] leav+ ,rome 9 #afaf1 & :y 0 he1 ( all ! well-kn[n ,cop]nicans1 s+l$ out = prosecution8 ,,:5ce ,,! ,,*ange8 ,h[ came x ab\t8 ,7 !re elem5ts 9 ! controv]sy o!r ?an sci5tific8 ,0 x1 or n1 ! fault ( ,galileo t ! "q 0 %ift$ f ! safe repose ( ! sci5tific basis on :i* x _h rema9$ m ?an f\rscore ye>s8 ,n[ we c\ld readily answ] ^! que/ions ?or\ghly 9 v few words1 feel+ c]ta91 9 advance1 t ! reply w\ld be satisfactory to our ,ca?olic read]s4 ,b1 writ+ = ! g5]al public1 we pref] to pres5t ! results asc]ta9$ 9 ?is mu* vex$ matt] by hi/orians1 a/ronom]s1 & m5 ( sci5ce remov$ by nationality & by religion f any possible bias4 ,x 0 n ! doctr9e itself1 says ,mr4 ,dr9kwat]1 s mu* z ! free1 unyield+ mann] 9 :i* x 0 support$1 :i* 0 orig9ally obnoxi\s4 ,! *ur* p>ty1 admits ,sir ,david ,brew/]1 7 n dispos$ to int]f]e ) ! prosecution ( sci5ce1 h[ev] mu* !y may h dread$ its influ5ce4 ,9 ! op9ion ( ,dr4 ,:ewell1 ,"u ! sagaci\s & p[]ful sway ( ,cop]nicus1 a/ronomy _h effect$ a glori\s triumph2 b "u ! bold & uncompromis+ sceptre ( ,galileo1 all h] conque/s 7 irrevocably lo/4 ,& he adds1 ref]r+ to ! mis=tunes t assail$ ! re=m]s ( philosophy1 ,b ! mo/ un=tunate 71 = ! mo/ "p1 ! lea/ temp]ate & judici\s4 7,philosophy ( ,discov]y1 pp4 #aja-b47 ,ev5 ,fra ,paolo 7,s>pi7 ?\ght t if ,galileo _h be5 less impetu\s & m prud5t1 he ne$ n h _h ! slighte/ difficulty4 #ccg ,tirabos*i expresses himself to ! same effect4 ,& ,alb]i1 ! le>n$ editor ( ! only complete edition ( ,galileo's works1 says3 ,cr$iamo col ,tirabos*i1 *e il f]vore e l'impetuosit sua contribuiss]o ad irrit>e gli avv]s>i del si/ema ,cop]nico4 ,x is d\btless an extraord9>y fact1 says ! ,ed9burgh ,review1 7,octob]1 #ahcg17 9 ! hi/ory ( ! human m9d1 t ! v same doctr9es :i* _h be5 publi%$ ) impunity by ,cop]nicus1 & 9 a "w1 too1 d$icat$ to ! ,roman ,pontiff1 ,paul ,,iii41 = ! av[$ purpose ( %elt]+ !m "u 8 sacr$ aegis1 %\ld1 ne>ly a hundr$ ye>s aft]w>d1 :5 civilization _h made "s progress1 h subject$ ,galileo to all ! t]rors ( ! ,inquisition4 ,if we /udy1 h[ev]1 ! conduct ( ,galileo himself1 & consid] 8 temp] & tone ( m9d1 & 8 connection ) a political p>ty unfri5dly to religion1 z well z to papal gov]nm5t1 we %all be at no loss to acc\nt = ! diff]5t feel+s ) :i* ! writ+s ( ,cop]nicus & ,galileo 7 receiv$4 ,_h ! ,tuscan philosoph] be5 a recluse /ud5t ( nature :o1 l ,cop]nicus1 ann\nc$ 8 op9ions z accessions to k1 & n z subv]sive ( old & deeply *]i%$ errors2 _h he /ood alone z ! fe>less arbit] & *ampion ( tru?1 ! ,roman pontiffs w\ld1 probably1 l ,paul ,,iii41 h tol]at$ ! new doctr9e2 & l him1 too1 !y might probably h embrac$ x4 ,b ,galileo contriv$ to surr\nd ! tru? ) e v>iety ( ob/ruction4 ,! tide ( k :i* _h hi!rto advanc$ 9 peace1 he cre/$ ) angry break]s2 & he involv$ 9 its surf bo? 8 fri5ds & 8 enemies4 ,:5 ! m viol5t p>tisans ( ! *ur*1 9 opposition to ! wi%es ( "s ( its high] function>ies1 & spurr$ on by ! s*ool-m5 & ! p]sonal enemies ( ,galileo1 _h fix$ ! public att5tion ^u ! obnoxi\s doctr9e1 x w\ld n h be5 easy = ! mo/ tol]ant pontiff to dismiss *>ges ( h]esy & irreligion )\t "s =mal decision on ! subject4 ,! a/ronom] ,dlambre3 ,on aurait pass ,galileo1 de p>l] en ma?matici5 de l'excell5ce de la n\velle hypo?se2 mais on s\t5ait qu'il devait ab&onn] aux ?ologi5s l'int]pretation de l',ecriture4 7,x 0 free to ,galileo to speak z a ma!matician ( ! m]it ( ! new doctr9e2 b x 0 claim$ t he %\ld leave int]pretation ( ,scripture to ! !ologians47 ,! hi/orian ,hallam3 ,= eighty ye>s ! !ory ( ! e>?'s motion _h be5 ma9ta9$ )\t c5sure1 & x c\ld only be ! great] boldness ( ,galileo :i* drew ^u him ! notice ( ! *ur*4 ,phil>te ,*asles1 7,pr(essor 9 ! ,college ( ,france37 ,galileo1 a man ( va/ & f]tile intellect1 0 n 9 advance ( 8 age & c\ntry2 he 0 incapable ei!r ( def5d+ ! tru? or elud+ ! ef=ts ( ^? :o endeavor$ to de/roy x4 ,9 8 conte/s ) ! latt]1 he %[$ nei!r gr&eur ( m9d nor frankness ( "*4 ,un/able1 timor\s1 equivocat+1 & supple1 etc41 etc4 ,alfr$ von ,reumont1 _m ye>s ,prussian m9i/] at ! ,c\rt ( ,tuscany1 7see 8 ,beitrge zur ,itali5is*5 ,ges*i*te1 ,b]l91 #ahec37 ,galileo's great mi/ake 01 t he insi/$ on br++ into con=mity ) ! ,scriptures ! doctr9e ( ! e>?'s motion--a hypo!tical & !n incomplete doctr9e1 & "o d5i$ by _m ( ! mo/ le>n$1 su* z ,bacon & ,ty*o ,brahe4 #cch ,s t1 9 ! int]pretation ( c]ta9 passages 9 ! ,bible1 an arbitr>y discretion 0 assum$ :i* ! ,*ur*1 accord+ to h] inv>iable pr9ciples1 c\ld n conc$e to an a/ronomical doctr9e z yet unprov$4 ,su* citations z ^! might be multipli$ indef9itely4 ,b !y are suffici5t1 & m ?an suffici5t4 ,cop]nicus1 z we h se51 d$icat$ 8 great "w to ,pope ,paul ,,iii41 ) ^! rem>kable words3 ,a/ronom]s be+ p]mitt$ to imag9e circles1 to expla9 ! motions ( ! />s1 ,i ?\ght myself equally entitl$ to exam9e if ! supposition ( ! motion ( ! e>? w\ld make ! !ory ( ^! appe>ances m exact & simple4 ,eighty ye>s _h gone by1 & ! sy/em _h und]gone no p]secution1 9 ,italy at lea/4 ,galileo 0 n[ sixty ye>s ( age2 ne>ly =ty ( ^! ye>s _h be5 pass$1 n only 9 ! safe b triumphant & ev5 aggressive & defiant v9dication ( 8 a/ronomical & physical doctr9es1 )\t let or h9drance save ! w>n+ n to tr5* on ! !ological view4 ,b ?is he c\ld n br+ himself to cons5t to1 & 9 #afah1 9 publi%+ 8 ,!ory ( ! ,tides1 he indulg$ 9 a /ream ( s>casm & insult aga9/ ! decree ( #afaf4 ,! same ho/ile tone1 m or less1 says ,dr9kwat]1 p]vad$ all 8 writ+s2 & :ile he labor$ to %>p5 ! edge ( 8 satire1 he endeavor$ to gu>d himself aga9/ its effects by an affectation ( ! humble/ def]5ce to ! decisions ( !ology4 ,nor 0 ,galileo's lett] to ,*ri/9a =gott54 ,x 0 a lett]1 widely diffus$ at ,rome & 9 ,tuscany1 9 :i* he und]took to prove !ologically1 & f reasons drawn f ! fa!rs1 t ! t]ms ( ,scripture might be reconcil$ ) 8 new doctr9es1 etc4 ,dlambre1 ,hallam1 & ,biot all take ! same view ( x4 ,,! ,,celebrat$ ,,dialogues4 ,galileo _h n[ resolv$ to publi% a "w demon/rat+ ! ,cop]nican !ory1 or r1 8 own views ( ! e>?'s motion4 ,b he lack$ ! c\rage or ! s9c]ity to d x 9 an op51 /raight=w>d mann]1 & adopt$ ! plan ( discuss+ x 9 a suppos$ dialogue held by ?ree disputants4 ,! two fir/1 ,sagr$o & ,salviati1 are repres5t$ z accompli%$ & le>n$ g5tlem51 ^: argum5ts are m>k$ by tal5t & ability4 ,! ?ird1 ,simplicio1 is an old ,p]ipatetic1 qu]ul\s & dogmatic1 measur+ ev]y?+ by ,ari/otle1 & accept+ or reject+ accord+ly4 ,?is "w1 entitl$ ,! ,sy/em ( ! ,_w ( ,galileo-,galilei1 0 complet$ 9 #afcj2 b1 ow+ to ! delays att5d+ ! procur+ a c]tificate1 x 0 n publi%$ until #afcc4 ,x is prolix & diffuse1 says ,dlambre1 ) high e/imate ( 8 own discov]ies1 b depreciation ( o!rs4 ,inde$1 ,i w\ld advise s*ol>s1 says ,arago1 n to lose _! "t read+ x4 ,m ?an "o hi/orian has rem>k$ t1 9 obta9+ ! lic5se to pr9t1 ,galileo exhibit$ a dext]\s managem5t1 t+$ ) bad fai?4 ,biot m5tions1 p> quels det\rs il s'en procura une approbation a ,rome2 ,dlambre speaks ( 8 manque absolu de s9crit2 & ,sir ,david ,brew/] says1 ,8 memory has n escap$ ! imputation ( hav+ act$ unfairly1 & ( hav+ involv$ 8 p]sonal fri5ds 9 ! consequ5ces ( 8 imprud5ce4 #cci ,9 z few words z possible1 ! hi/ory ( ! lic5se affair is z foll[s4 ,! c5sor ( new publications at ,rome 0 ,ricc>di1 a fri5d & pupil ( ,galileo1 & devot$ to 8 ma/]4 ,anxi\s to oblige him1 ,ricc>di exam9$ ! manuscript ( ! dialogues1 sugge/$ ! *ange ( "s imprud5t language1 & requir$ absolutely t ! ,cop]nican doctr9e1 dogmatically pres5t$1 %\ld be--ei!r 9 ! exordium or p]oration ( ! argum5t--produc$ simply z a ma!matical hypo!sis4 ,"u ^! /ipulations ,ricc>di return$ ! manuscript ) 8 writt5 approbation1 only to be us$ :5 ! sugge/$ alt]ations %\ld be made4 ,?is 0 9 #afcj4 ,9 #afcc1 ,galileo appli$ = leave to h 8 book pr9t$ 9 ,flor5ce4 ,ricc>di1 ) full confid5ce 9 ,galileo's fulfilm5t ( 8 promises1 m]ely inspect$ ! beg9n+ & end ( ! book1 :i* 0 all t ,galileo !n submitt$ to 8 exam9ation1 & gave ! desir$ leave to pr9t4 ,! introduction1 address$1 ) an air ( s>casm1 to ! discreet read] 01 to ! la/ degree1 imprud5t4 ,he speaks ( ! decree ( #afaf 9 language at once ironical & insult+1 & does n ev5 sp>e 8 b5efactors4 ,9 ,simplicio1 e "o in/antly recogniz$ ,urban ,,viii41 :o 0 naturally w\nd$ beyond expression to f9d language put 9 ,simplicio's m\? t he1 ,urban1 _h us$ to ,galileo 9 a private conv]sation at 8 own table4 ,&1 z if to leave no d\bt possible1 ,galileo says1 9 introduc+ ^! passages1 t he _h !m f a mo/ le>n$ & em95t p]sonage1 7gi appreso da doctissima e em95tissima p]sona47 ,?us held up to ridicule & contempt1 & made ! butt ( ! sev]e/ irony & s>casm1 ,urban 0 plac$ 9 ! false position ( ! enemy ( sci5ce1 & =c$ into ! attitude ( an antagoni/ ( 8 =m] fri5d--unless1 inde$1 he w\ld cons5t to be dragg$1 a disgrac$ prison]1 at ! *>iot-:eels ( ,galileo's philosophy4 ,we d n ref]1 9 speak+ ( ,galileo's philosophy1 to a m]e a/ronomical !ory1 b to ! philosophical & !ological op9ion :i* ! actual condition ( sci5ce1 ! ability ( ,galileo's adv]s>ies1 & ! trea*]\s c\nsels ( 8 false fri5ds _h =c$ him to c\ple ) x4 ,alb]i1 :o is high au?ority1 d5ies t x 0 ,galileo's int5tion to attack ,urban ,,viii4 ?r\gh ,simplicio4 ,b ,olivi]i1 q z good au?ority1 is ( ! contr>y op9ion4 ,we "k c]ta9ly t ,urban always ma9ta9$1 9 8 conv]sations ) ,galileo1 ! wor?lessness ( ! tidal !ory1 & told him pla9ly t he injur$ 8 position by re/+ ^u x4 ,n[1 ! tidal !ory 0 precisely ,galileo's *]i%$ argum5t1 & he devotes ! :ole ( ! f\r? dialogue to its developm5t4 ,conclud$ ,9 ,our ,next4 ---------- #cdj ,translat$ ,f ,d] ,ka?olik4 ,! ,anci5t ,iri% ,*ur*4 ,,ii4 ,we mu/ say some?+ ab\t ,/4 ,columbanus1 & 8 labors 9 ,luxeuil1 ,braganza1 & ,bobbio2 & ( ,/4 ,gall1 ! apo/le ( ,alemania2 = x 0 ?r\gh ^! two t ! anci5t ,iri% ,*ur* did s mu* 9 ,switz]l& & s\?-we/]n ,g]many4 ,columbanus 0 born 9 ! prov9ce ( ,le9/]1 ab\t ! ye> #ecd1 :5 ,*ri/ianity began to be> its fir/ fruits 9 ,irel&4 ,:ile ! *ild 0 yet 9 ! womb1 8 "m saw1 9 a vision1 z x 71 a sun proce$+ f h] body & enlight5+ all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,! son :om %e bore became 9 fact1 ?r\gh ! light ( 8 wisdom & ! spl5dor ( 8 virtues1 a /> 9 ! *ur*2 n only 9 ,irel&1 b also 9 ,burgundy1 ,alemania1 & ,italy4 ,in/ruct$1 f e>ly y\?1 9 gramm>1 rhetoric1 geometry1 & 9 ! /udy ( ! holy ,scriptures1 he left 8 "m's h\se 9 manhood1 9 ord] to ent] ! mona/]y ( ,clua9-,inis1 & consecrate himself entirely to ,god4 ,9 ! ye> #efe he ask$ to be receiv$ among ! monks ( ! mona/]y at ,bangor1 :i* ! ,abbot ,comgall1 equally di/+ui%$ by 8 p]sonal sanctity z well z by ! rigor ( ! discipl9e :i* he us$ 9 gov]n+1 rul$ ) applause4 ,columbanus became s rem>kable "h t ,abbot ,comgall entru/$ him ) ! director%ip ( ! s*ools4 ,! fame ( ! new tea*] spread f> beyond ! limits ( ,bangor1 & ! nobles ( ! l& deem$ !mselves happy to be able to leave _! sons to be educat$ by a man z well skill$ 9 pr(ane sci5ce z 9 ,*ri/ian p]fection4 ,gall1 born 9 ,irel& 9 #ede1 became "o ( 8 pupils4 ,columbanus & ,gall taught & le>n$ 9 a bless$ abode4 ,?ree ?\s& monks 7 unit$ 9 ! mona/]y ( ,bangor1 "u ,abbot ,comgall1 9 common pray]1 ! practice ( virtue1 & a virtu\s life4 ,! mona/]y 0 built 9 ! ye> #eeh1 by ,comgall1 & 01 9 its fir/ =m1 a collection ( _m cells & huts1 some:at /raggl+ 9 _! arrangem5t4 ,bangor 0 fruitful 9 holy m5 & apo/olic mission>ies4 ,_m conv5ts 7 f\nd$ f x4 ,comgall himself f\nd$ ! mona/]y ( ,he?1 9 ,scotl&1 ,a4,d4 #efe1 & ! mona/]y ( ,camb>1 & sev]al o!r small] communities1 9 ,le9/]4 ,comgall di$ on ! #aj? ( ,may1 #fjb1 9 ! #he? ye> ( 8 age1 & ! =ty-f\r? aft] ! f\ndation ( ,bangor4 ,bangor 0 laid wa/e by ! ,danes 9 ! ye> #hbc1 aft]w>d entirely de/roy$ by pirates1 & on "o day ! ,picts murd]$ #ijj monks4 ,ar*bi%op ,mala*y1 ( ,armagh1 re-erect$ ,bangor4 ,!re n[ rema9s on ! coa/ ( ! bay ( ,belfa/1 :]e ! r5[n$ cloi/] once /ood1 no ve/ige ( its =m] greatness4 ,columbanus _h liv$ & taught a numb] ( ye>s 9 ! cloi/] ( ,bangor1 :5 ! desire ( travell+ & ann\nc+ ! gospel ( ,*ri/ fill$ 8 s\l4 ,he 0 oblig$1 h[ev]1 to make repeat$ reque/s be=e ,abbot ,comgall gave him p]mission to dep>t1 & all[$ him to *oose a c]ta9 numb] ( monks z 8 companions4 #cda ,columbanus *ose twelve1 recomm5d$ himself to ! pray]s ( ! re/1 & set out1 aft] receiv+ ! bless+s ( 8 abbot1 ) 8 *os5 b& ab\t ! ye> #ehi-eij4 ,we "k ! travels ( ,columbanus1 & mu/ m5tion !m "h4 ,! *os5 foll[]s ( ! great apo/le 73 ,gall1 f\nd] ( ,sa9t ,gall1 & apo/le ( ,alemania2 ,com9nius1 ,emro*1 & ,equana*1 ,lua1 & ,pat5tianus1 aft]w>ds made bi%op ( ,con/ance1 9 ,armorica1 :]e he erect$ a mona/]y2 ,anti]nus1 :o1 becom+ homesick at ,luxeuil1 wi%$ to return to ,irel&1 b 0 reta9$ by ,columbanus2 ,columbanus ! y\ng]1 a ne> relative ( our apo/le1 di$ 9 ! e>ly "p ( 8 life1 at ,luxeuil2 ,deicola1 ! f\nd] ( ! mona/]y ( ,lutra1 9 ! diocese ( ,besanon2 ,sigib]t1 ! f\nd] ( ,diss5tis1 9 ,croatia2 ,aldan1 lat] ,bi%op ( ,calboaldus4 7,grei?1 p4 #bgb47 ,9 ,briti% ,cambria ! holy company jo9$ sev]al ,briti% cl]ics to its ranks4 ,:i!r did ^! apo/olic m5 wi% to g8 ,x 0 n advisable to rema9 9 ,brita9 at t "t4 ,9 ! s\? ( ?is l& ! ,anglo-,saxon conqu]ors laid wa/e ! c\ntry1 de/roy$ ! *ur*es2 bo? hea!nism & b>b>ism rais$ _! heads triumphantly 9 ! mo/ popul\s p>ts & cities ( ! isl&4 ,! two la/ bi%ops ( ,brita91 he ( ,london & he ( ,york1 fl$ to ! m\nta9s ( ,wales1 ) all ! holy relics & *ur* vessels :i* !y c\ld save4 ,on acc\nt ( ^! circum/ances ,columbanus det]m9$ to leave ,brita91 to sail = ,gaul1 & !re improve ! moral condition ( ! p1 s t if success att5d$ 8 labors1 ! good se$ might be scatt]$ !re ) fruit2 b if ! p 7 /iff-neck$1 he w\ld turn to o!r nations4 ,! company w5t to ,gaul4 ,?is l& 0 divid$ into ?ree k+doms3 ,neu/ria1 ,au/rasia1 & ,burgundy4 ,k+ ,guntram rul$ 9 ,burgundy2 ,k+ ,*ildeb]t 9 ,au/rasia2 b aft] ,guntram's dea?1 7,a4,d4 #eic17 ,burgundy also fell to ! %>e ( ,*ildeb]t4 ,columbanus 0 w>mly receiv$ at ,metz by ,k+ ,*ildeb]t1 0 invit$ to rema9 9 ! l&1 & receiv$ f ,c\nt ,agnoald ! anci5t ru9$ ca/le ( ,luxovium 9 ! ,vosges1 :]e ! apo/le & 8 monks dwelt1 & ex]cis$ an extraord9>y influ5ce on ! p ( ! neighbor+ c\ntries4 ,b h[ did ! noble w&]]s f9d life 9 ! ,vosges8 ,!y fir/ re/$ at ,anegrai4 ,9 ! wide circle ar\nd1 ! region 0 a wild des]t ( ?ick woods1 & /eep1 rock-ribb$ hills2 be>s & wolves dwelt 9 !m1 & only ! %rill cry ( ! birds ( ! =e/s broke ! frightful /illness4 ,! fri>s built _! huts ) twigs & bran*es4 ,!y liv$ on ! b>k ( trees1 wild vegetables1 & apples1 until1 on ! ?ird day aft] _! arrival1 a c\ntryman br\ght !m bett] food on a wagon4 ,b1 z want return$ aft] a %ort "t1 !y 7 well suppli$ ) bread & h]bs by ! abbot ( ! mona/]y ( ,sancy1 ?ree miles di/ant f !m4 ,b ! fir/ mona/]y 0 erect$1 & ! mission op5$ 9 ,france4 ,soon ! place 9 ,anegrai 0 n l>ge en\gh = ! increas+ numb] ( ! bre?r54 ,columbanus look$ ar\nd = a second place 9 ! wild]ness ( ! ,vosges4 ,8 eyes re/$ on ,luxovium1 :i* _h already be5 (f]$ to him4 ,x 0 eight miles f ,anegrai4 ,!re 7 9 x ! ru9s ( cities1 ( old ba?s2 & 9 ! ?icke/ "p ( ! wood1 /one idols1 :i* _h be5 wor%ipp$ 9 anci5t times4 #cdb ,9 ?is spot ,columbanus began ! build+ ( a l>g] mona/]y4 ,soon s _m came & consecrat$ !mselves1 "u ! guidance ( ,columbanus1 to piety & sci5ce1 t ! sa9t 0 compell$ to erect on a height1 suppli$ by a f\nta9 ( fair wat]1 a ?ird mona/]y1 to :i* he gave ! "n ( ,fonta9e1 7,fontanas47 ,:il/ he appo9t$ approv$ m5 z rul]s ov] ^! mona/]ies1 he ma9ta9$ a g5]al sup]vision ov] !m all1 & gave !m a common rule1 :i* he copi$ 9 "p f ! rule ( ! ,abbot ,comgall1 ( ,bangor4 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,dr4 ,grei? gives u a v int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! life & works ( ! monk ,columbanus 9 ! ?ree mona/]ies2 b we c only give a small portion ( x "h4 ,9 ! ye> #fjj ! numb] ( ! monks at ,luxeuil _h increas$ to #bbj2 & cr[ds ( s*ol>s 7 in/ruct$ 9 ! mona/]ies4 ,all mu/ fa/ daily1 b also daily take n\ri%m5t2 & z all mu/ eat daily1 s mu/ !y daily p>take ( spiritual food1 pray1 "w1 & read 9 books e day4 ,! special usages ( mona/ic discipl9e 7 obs]v$ mo/ /rictly 9 ! ?ree cloi/]s2 violators ( rules 7 puni%$ ) rods1 imprisonm5t1 or a portion ( _! food 0 kept f !m4 ,be=e eat+ !re 0 an exam9ation ( consci5ce1 !n grace 0 said1 & !re 0 read+ dur+ ! meals4 ,be=e a monk us$ 8 spoon1 he %\ld make ! sign ( ! cross2 ! same %\ld be done 9 tak+ 8 lamp1 9 und]tak+ any "w1 or 9 go+ out ( ! cloi/]4 ,he 0 comm&$ to pray be=e & aft] labor1 & on 8 return to ! mona/]y he %\ld g be=e ! abbot or sup]ior & ask a bless+4 ,:oev] cut ! table ) 8 knife1 spill$ be] or any?+ else on ! table1 did n ga!r ! bread-crumbs1 neglect$ to b[ 8 head at ! end ( ! psalms1 or di/urb$ ! *aunt ) c\gh+ or l\d laught]1 0 puni%$1 etc4 ,div9e s]vice at ,luxeuil consi/$ 9 ! daily recit+ ( ! psalms1 &1 especially on ,sundays & o!r fe/ivals1 9 ! celebration ( ,mass4 ,! cu/om ( un9t]rupt$ psalmody by day & night nev] prevail$ at ,luxeuil1 z 0 ! case among ! monks ( ,agane 9 ,wallis1 & ( ,hab5 9 ,burgundy1 & among ! nuns ( ! conv5t ( ,/4 ,salab]ga4 ,columbanus1 well educat$ 9 bo? pr(ane & sacr$ lit]ature1 taught 8 own monks1 made !m acqua9t$ ) ! discipl9e ( ! ,quadrivium1 & gave !m a k ( holy ,scripture4 ,columbanus (t5 retir$ at ! approa* ( ! pr9cipal fea/s into ! solitude ( ! =e/s to devote himself to piety & m$itation4 ,he sometimes rema9$ fifty days or long] 9 ^? places4 ,z 9 ! ages ( p]secution ! blood ( ! m>tyrs tam$ ! tig]s & leop>ds1 s t !y le>n$ to pity ! sa9ts 9 ! circus & amphi!atre2 z 9 ! des]ts ( ,africa & ,asia ,m9or holy monks =m$ a league ) nature & its animals1 s ,columbanus & ,gall1 ^: life 0 l t ( ! e>ly fa!rs ( ! des]t1 /ood 9 ! mo/ fri5dly relations ) ! wild bea/s ( ! ,vosges4 ,z ,columbanus 0 walk+ "o day 9 ! wide =e/s ( ! ,vosges ) a book "u 8 arm1 he saw a pack ( wolves approa*+4 ,! sa9t /ood unmov$4 #cdc ,! wolves surr\nd$ him on bo? h&s1 smell$ ! hem ( 8 g>m5ts :ile he pray$ to ,god = protection2 !y did him no h>m1 left him & w5t f>!r into ! wood4 ,once ,columbanus f\nd 9 a cave a tame be>1 :i* left its abode at comm& ( ! sa9t1 :o made x 8 place ( %elt]4 ,(t51 z he repos$ "u ! %ad[ ( old oaks1 he call$ ! bea/s ( ! =e/ to him1 & !y foll[$ him4 ,he c>ess$ !m t5d]ly2 & ! birds (t5 flew to him1 & sat quietly on 8 %\ld]s4 ,a little squirrel _h become s accu/om$ to him z to leap f ! bran*es ( ! trees & hide 9 8 bosom1 run up 8 sleeves1 & !n g back to ! ne>e/ b\ghs4 ,a rav5 0 s ob$i5t to him z to return ! glove :i* he _h /ol5 f ! sa9t4 7,page #bid47 ,columbanus c\ld n rema9 long 9 8 cloi/]4 ,he became engag$ 9 a controv]sy ) "s ,fr5* prie/s1 & 0 p]secut$ by ! corrupt ,m]ov+ians1 :o f9ally compell$ him to quit ,luxeuil4 ,! fact t ! ,iri% cl]gy clung to ! anci5t cu/om ( ! ,iri% ,*ur* reg>d+ ! celebration ( ,ea/]1 & to ! ,iri% traditions reg>d+ ! liturgy ( ! ,mass1 gave ! ,fr5* bi%ops & prie/s occasion to compla9 & make opposition4 ,columbanus wrote ?ree lett]s on ! ,ea/] ,controv]sy to ,pope ,gregory ,i4 ,two ( !m misc>ri$2 ! ?ird rea*$ its de/9ation1 b 0 unsuccessful1 because ,gregory ,i4 ma9ta9$ ! discipl9e ( ! ,roman ,*ur* on ?is disput$ po9t4 ,a synod 9 ,france1 ,a4,d4 #fjj-fja1 to :i* ,columbanus s5t a memorial1 did n favor him any m ?an ! ,pope4 ,! controv]sy gradually di$ out4 ,! controv]sy ) ! ,m]ov+ians 0 f> m s]i\s4 ,! crimes ( ,que5 ,brunhilda are well kn[n2 = in/ance1 h[ %e sy/ematically ru9$ h] gr&son1 ,k+ ,!odoric ( ,burgundy4 ,columbanus on "o occasion hav+ refus$ to give 8 bless+ to ! illegitimate sons ( ,!odoric1 pres5t$ to ! sa9t by ,brunhilda1 %e swore v5geance aga9/ him4 ,a royal decree 0 publi%$ t no monk ( ! ord] ( ,columbanus %\ld leave 8 mona/]y2 t no ,burgundian conv]t %\ld = ! future hold communion ) him1 & t no "o %\ld e/abli% ano!r f\ndation accord+ to 8 discipl9e4 ,columbanus expo/ulat$ 9 va92 he wrote a sev]e prote/ to ! k+ & ?reat5$ him ) excommunication4 ,?is 0 ! mom5t ( rev5ge = ,brunhilda4 ,%e prevail$ on ! k+ to cause ! abduction ( ! sa9t to ,besanon by ,c\nt ,b&ulf4 ,columbanus rema9$ !re = "s "t1 highly honor$ by ! p1 & do+ mu* good4 ,b he soon return$ to ,luxeuil4 ,! k+1 h[ev]1 s5t a :ole cohort to seize him & take him out ( ! k+dom4 ,! soldi]s unwill+ly execut$ _! ord]s4 ,! sa9t left ! mona/]y amid ! sighs & te>s ( 8 monks1 :o foll[$ him 9 fun]eal procession ) weep+ & wail+4 ,only ^? :om he _h br\ght f ,irel& & ,brita9 7 all[$ to accompany him4 ,columbanus liv$ tw5ty ye>s 9 ! wild]ness ( ! ,vosges1 & left x 9 ! sev5ty-f\r? ye> ( 8 life4 7,a4,d4 #fji-faj47 ,let u be brief4 ,columbanus 0 br\ght to ,nantes to sail = ,irel&2 b ,god prev5t$ him4 ,k+ ,clo?aire ( ,neu/ria all[$ him to return to ,au/rasia4 ,he w5t to ,metz1 !n to ,may5ce1 up ! ,rh9e1 until he came to ,zuri*1 :]e he decid$ to make a long] /ay4 #cdd ,b ! inhabitants ( ! place 7 fi]ce idolat]s4 ,_m 7 conv]t$1 :ile o!rs took arms 9 hatr$ ( ! sa9t1 det]m9$ to kill himself & 8 companions4 ,!y consequ5tly left ?is region & w5t to ,arbon1 :]e !y dwelt sev5 days2 !nce travell+ to ,braganza1 :]e !y built cells ne> ! anci5t ,aurelia ,*ur*4 ,/4 ,gall took ! ?ree idols f ! walls ( ! *ur*1 9 ! pres5ce ( a va/ multitude1 broke !m to pieces1 & ?rew !m into ! sea4 ,a portion ( ! p became ,*ri/ians1 & ! ,aurelia ,*ur* 0 reconsecrat$4 ,columbanus rema9$ a few ye>s 9 ,braganza1 :5 p]secutions ( v>i\s k9ds compell$ him to quit ?is region also4 7#fab-fac47 ,he cross$ ! ,rhetian ,alps1 accompani$ only by ,attala1 & arriv$ at ,milan1 :]e he 0 well receiv$ by ,agilulf1 k+ ( ! ,lomb>ds1 :o (f]$ him a new field = ! ex]cise ( 8 apo/olate4 ,k+ ,agilulf & ,que5 ,!odol9da us$ ! holy man = ! evangeliz+ ( ! ,lomb>ds4 ,b 8 days 7 numb]$4 ,aft] build+ a mona/]y & a *apel at ,bobbio1 he liv$ only an entire ye>1 & di$ on ! #ba/ ,decemb]1 9 ! ye> #fae1 9 ! sev5ty-n9? ye> ( 8 age1 "o ye> be=e ! dea? ( ,agilulf1 k+ ( ,lomb>dy4 ,:il/ ,irel& glories 9 be+ ! fa!rl& ( ,columbanus1 ,france rememb]s him 9 h] old abbeys 9 ! ,vosges1 & 8 vocation to ,italy /ill lives1 n only 9 ! de> relics ( ,bobbio1 9 8 c(f91 *alice1 & holly /aff1 b also 9 ! /ill liv+ monum5t ( 8 glory ! t[n ( ,/4 ,columbano1 9 ! di/rict ( ,lodi4 ,! writ+s ( ?is di/+ui%$ man1 :i* h come d[n to u1 display a compreh5sive & v>i$ k n only ( ecclesia/ical b also ( classic lit]ature4 ,8 ev5tful life has be5 writt5 by ! monk ,jonas ( ,bobbio4 ,we %all conclude ) a few details ( ! mission ( ,/4 ,gall1 ! apo/le ( ,alemania4 ,we already "k 9 :at an illu/ri\s s*ool he /udi$4 ,:5 ,columbanus 0 prep>+ himself = ! j\rney to ,italy1 ,gall 0 sick ) a fev]1 & excus$ himself f travell+ ) 8 sup]ior4 ,9 ord] to keep him & compel him to g1 ,columbanus h>%ly said to him1 ,if ?\ wilt n p>take 9 my labors1 ,i =bid !e to say ,mass z long z ,i live4 ,he suspect$ t ,gall feign$ sickness out ( love = ! place1 s z n to dep>t f x4 ,?us ,gall1 :o _h be5 s long "u ob$i5ce1 0 at l5g? left to 8 own w4 ,he w5t to ,arbon to visit a prie/1 ,willim>1 & 0 nurs$ dur+ 8 illness by ! cl]ics ,mag9ald & ,!odore1 &1 hav+ recov]$ 8 heal?1 became aga9 an effici5t apo/le ?r\gh ! assi/ance ( ,*ri/4 ,9 #fab-fac1 he began1 ) 8 companion ,hittibold1 ! build+ ( a mona/]y on ! bank ( ! little riv] ,/e9a*4 ,?is valley on ! banks ( ! ,/e9a*1 toge!r ) ,?urgau1 belong$ at t "t to ! k+dom ( ,au/rasia1 f :i* x _h be5 sev]$ "u ,*ildeb]t ,,ii4 7#eid7 = a %ort "t1 & sep>at$ f ,burgundy1 to :i* x 0 aga9 annex$ by ,k+ ,dagob]t4 7,a4,d4 #fcj-ch47 ,two hundr$ ye>s lat]1 9 ! days ( ,*>lemagne1 ?is region 0 call$ ,high ,alemania4 ,:5 ,gall came to x1 x 0 almo/ )\t dwell+s or inhabitants4 ,x 0 a primeval =e/1 nev] inhabit$ = a ?\s& ye>s1 & nev] t\*$ by human h&s4 ,x 0 l ! woods ( ! ,vosges1 a wild]ness = savage bea/s to roam 9 )\t dang]4 #cde ,! wood :i* ,gall & ,hittibold f\nd 0 full ( und]wood 9 :i* s]p5ts ne/l$2 ! ,/e9a* 0 full ( fi%2 on ! heights hawks built _! ne/s2 be>s1 wolves1 & wild bo>s 7 num]\s ar\nd4 ,9 ?is spot ,/4 ,gall built 8 mona/]y4 ,wond]ful ?+s happ5$ at ! build+ ( ?is conv5t1 all ( :i* is *>m+ly told 9 ,grei?'s book4 ,z1 9 e spot :]e1 aft] ! migration ( ! ,g]manic races1 7p4 #cee47 holy m5 f\nd$ religi\s in/itutions1 a new life 0 infus$ & a new impetus giv5 to civilization1 & ! wild & savage di/ricts ar\nd ! mona/]ies became *ang$ into f]tile & well-till$ pla9s2 s did x happ5 9 ! neighborhood ( ,/4 ,gall's mona/]y f ! v beg9n+ ( ! f\ndation4 ,! bless$ place drew inhabitants ne> x2 ,*ri/ian wor%ip became ! focus ar\nd :i* !y ga!r$2 religi\s in/ruction ennobl$ _! morals1 l$ !m to an ord]ly family life1 made _! new home de> to !m1 & made !m love labor & indu/ry4 ,"u ! mild protection & guidance ( ! mona/ic frat]nity1 /rang]s & coloni/s came f f> & ne>2 !y became fiefs ( ! mona/]y1 & aid$ 9 spread+ its influ5ce & its possessions4 ,f ?is c5tre civilization spread f> ov] ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 s t x became by cultivation trans=m$ f a wild]ness into a bloom+ g>d54 ,= twelve hundr$ ye>s ! num]\s subjects ( ! mona/]y ( ,/4 ,gall l$ a happy & peaceful life )\t soldi]s or police4 ,! only bayonet t gov]n$ !m 0 ! brevi>y ( ! monk2 & ! only sword 0 ! crosi] ( ! abbot4 ,we mu/ also rememb] t ,gall & 8 foll[]s1 axe 9 h&1 hew$ d[n ! =e/1 or ) ! spade fre$ ! e>? f ?orns1 ?i/les1 & roots4 ,he mu/ !re=e be consid]$ z ! f\nd] & orig9ator ( ! agricultural & social glories ( ,switz]l&2 = by ! law ( nature & ( intellig5ce ! glories ( ! effect mu/ r$\nd to ! honor ( ! cause4 ,! build+ ( ! mona/]y ( ,/4 ,gall 0 f> advanc$ :5 ,gall expell$ an evil _s f ,fridiburga1 ! daught] ( ! ,g]man ,duke ,cunzo1 ( ,ueb]l+54 ,duke ,cunzo gave him _m pres5ts on ?is acc\nt1 z did also ,k+ ,sigib]t1 to :om ,fridiburga 0 affianc$4 ,sigib]t s5t him a donation lett]1 ! fir/ on record 9 ! life ( ,/4 ,gall4 ,gall _h at ?is "t only twelve disciples ) him1 deem+ x improp] to ov]/ep1 9 ! smalle/ p>ticul>1 ! limits ( ! rule4 ,! ,iri% monks _h a peculi> pref]5ce = ! apo/olic numb] twelve 9 all _! f\ndations4 ,:5 ,columbanus di$1 on ,decemb] #ba/1 #fae1 ! h\r ( 8 dea? 0 reveal$ to ,/4 ,gall1 & f t "t he began aga9 to celebrate ,mass4 ,gall decl9$ ! bi%opric ( ,con/ance1 & _h ! mitre giv5 to 8 disciple ,john2 ! monks ( ,luxeuil wi%$ him to be _! abbot1 b ?is honor he likewise decl9$4 ,aft] ! man ( ,god _h ?r[n aside ! burd5 ( worldly affairs1 he retir$ to 8 cloi/]1 to devote himself m completely to a spiritual life4 ,8 nightly vigils 7 r5ew$1 & ! fa/+s ( 8 e>ly days repeat$1 & ! discipl9e frequ5tly us$4 ,f9ally1 at an advanc$ age1 he left 8 cell to visit ,arbon1 & aft] prea*+ to ! p1 he 0 attack$ by a fev] z he 0 ab\t to return4 ,! malady became s viol5t t he c\ld no long] take any food4 ,! et]nal rew>d ( 8 great works & s]vices approa*$4 #cdf ,8 /r5g? almo/ gone1 almo/ r$uc$ to sk9 & bone by disease1 he nev]!less p]sev]$ 9 pray]1 held pi\s conv]sations1 & rema9$ fai?ful to ! s]vice ( ,*ri/ to ! end ( 8 life4 ,he r5d]$ 8 s\l to ,god1 aft] f\rte5 days' illness1 on ! #af? ( ,octob]1 ,a4,d4 #fdj4 ,8 body 0 br\ght by ,bi%op ,john to ! mona/]y :i* ! sa9t _h inhabit$1 & buri$ betwe5 ! alt> & ! wall1 ) m\rnful *ant+4 ,_m infirm p]sons 7 heal$1 p>tially or entirely1 at 8 sepul*re4 ,ev5 dur+ 8 life ,gall 0 comp>$ to ! e>ly fa!rs2 aft] 8 dea?1 ! ,*ur* honor$ him z a sa9t2 holy ,mass 0 (f]$ at 8 tomb2 8 int]cession 0 invok$ ) success2 & 8 life pres5t$ z a model = ,*ri/ians to imitate4 ,elev5 ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ! sa9t1 8 tomb 0 brok5 op5 by robb]s2 b %ortly aft] replac$ by ,bi%op ,boso1 ( ,con/ance4 7,a4,d4 #fdb-fgf47 ,:5 ! great mona/]y *ur* 0 consecrat$1 on ,octob] #ag?1 #hci1 by ,abbot ,gotzb]t1 ! bones ( ! sa9t 7 plac$ on ! high alt>4 ,!y are p>tially pres]v$ !re to ?is v day4 ,a glance n[ at ! disciples ( ,gall4 ,! disciples ( ?is great apo/le w5t =? 9 all directions f 8 sepul*re to evangelize ! nations1 & e/abli% among !m new f\ndations & c5tres ( le>n+ & piety4 ,!odore built ! abbey ( ,kempt51 9 anci5t ,norica2 ,magnus travell$ on foot to ! entrance ( ! ,julian ,alps2 ,sigib]t1 ,gall's =m] fell[-/ud5t1 w5t to ,diss5tis1 9 ,croatia1 :]e !y f\nd$ mona/]ies :i*1 aft] a lapse ( m ?an a ?\s& ye>s1 /ill exi/ z firm supports ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 le>n+1 & civilization4 ,^! mona/]ies mu/ be consid]$ z daught]s ( ! great metropolis :i* ! holy ,iri% mission>y built on ! side ( ! l(ty ,alps4 ,! mona/]y ( ,rei*5au1 9 ,unt]see1 & t ( ,braganza1 7 closely unit$ ) ,/4 ,gall's f\ndation4 ,! =m] 0 f\nd$1 "u ,*>les ,m>tel1 by ! ,iri%man ,pirm9us2 ! latt]1 #acj ye>s e>li]1 by ,columbanus & ,gall1 9 ! beg9n+ ( _! mission>y labors4 ,! c\ntless *ur*es & *apels built ev5 at an e>ly p]iod 9 honor ( ,/4 ,gall1 z well z ! num]\s acts ( donation to ! mona/]y be>+ 8 "n1 prove ! p[]ful influ5ce ( ! disciples & successors ( ! sa9t 9 spread+ ,*ri/ianity1 education1 & civilization to ! f>!/ regions4 ,! bi%oprics 9 ,switz]l&1 ,g]many1 & 9 ! ,au/rian prov9ces1 9 ! ,tyrol & ,bohemia1 hold a special fe/ival 9 honor ( ,/4 ,gall1 & give him a special (fice1 honor+ him n[ z well z =m]ly z ! ,apo/le ( ,alemania4 ,! temporal inh]itance :i* ,/4 ,gall left to 8 p 0 long enjoy$3 ! high] inh]itance :i* he has left u ) ! et]nal possessions ( ,*ri/ianity 9 our ,*ur* is /ill ) u2 & our con/ant pray] to ,god & /r5u\s ef=t mu/ be to gu>d x intact1 & r5d] x fruitful 9 ! future4 7,grei?1 p4 #dja47 ---------- #cdg ,translat$ ,f ,! ,fr5*4 ,! ,/ory ,( ,m>cel1 ,! ,little ,mettray ,coloni/4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,d>k ! ev5+ %ad[s roll$ ,on ! eye t gleam$ 9 dea?1 ,& ! ev5+ dews fell cold ,on ! lip t gasp$ = brea?4 ,james ,montgom]y4 ,a ye> _h pass$ away :5 "o day ,pelagie ,vautr9 w5t out 9 ! morn+1 z usual1 ) h] h&-c>t1 b did n return z usual 9 ! ev5+4 ,m>cel _h be5 on a spree ) ,polyc>pe1 & 0 glad1 :5 he crept to b$ late at night1 all muzzy ) tippl+1 to f9d 8 dirty home vacant4 ,b :51 at a late h\r ! next day1 he op5$ 8 hot1 a*+ eyes & look$ ar\nd him1 he 0 at fir/ a/oni%$ & !n fright5$ to see t he 0 /ill alone4 ,he />t$ up & ran d[n-/airs to ask ! neighbors if !y _h se5 ,madame ,vautr9 t morn+4 ,!re 0 soon a great excitem5t 9 ! h\se2 = no "o _h se5 h]1 & x 0 well kn[n t ,pelagie nev] /aid out at night2 %e 0 g5]ally v regul>ly drunk 9 b$ by t5 o'clock4 ,g to ! prefect ( police1 cri$ "o to ! anxi\s boy1 !y'll f9d h] = y6 ,g to ! ,morgue1 cri$ ano!r4 ,i %\ldn't wond] if %e _h fall5 into ! riv]4 ,or be5 run ov] by an omnibus1 ! drunk5 slut6 cri$ a ?ird4 ,ay1 g to ! ,morgue1 ,m>cel1 said ,polyc>pe1 :o _h j got up1 & _h hurri$ d[n to take "p1 z usual1 9 :at 0 go+ on4 ,come1 ,i'll g ) y4 ,m>cel 0 by ?is "t z pale z dea?3 ! idea ( ,pelagie be+ dead 0 dreadful to him2 = ?\gh ! poor boy c\ld n love ! cruel woman :o _h work$ him s unsp>+ly = h] own pr(it1 /ill %e seem$ some?+ m to him ?an ! re/ ( ! _w2 %e _h %elt]$ him :5 he _h no %elt]2 %e _h giv5 him a dry cru/ :5 he knew n :]e to f9d "o2 & ! *ild's he>t 0 made ( su* t5d] /uff t ! slighte/ k9dness c\ld k9dle 9 x a flame ( nev] =getful gratitude4 ,pale & trembl+1 he n[ foll[$ ,polyc>pe to ! l[1 black1 s9i/]-look+ build+ !n situat$ close by ,/4 ,mi*ael's bridge1 on ! "r bank ( ! ,se9e4 ,footnote #aca ,_m p]sons 7 go+ 9 & out ( ! horrible place1 "s seek+ miss+ fri5ds2 o!rs1 & ! great] numb]1 urg$ on by a deprav$ curiosity & love ( excitem5t4 ,footnote #aca3 ,x has s9ce be5 pull$ d[n1 & rebuilt m h&somely beh9d ! ca!dral ( ,notre ,dame4 ,! two boys ent]$2 ,polyc>pe noisily1 & ) an air ( busy importance t w\ld h be5 ludicr\s "u any o!r circum/ances2 ,m>cel sick & fa9t ) anxiety & fe>2 & awful inde$ 0 ! int]ior ( t h\se ( dea?4 ,at "o end ( ! /one-floor$ room 9 :i* !y f\nd !mselves 0 an iron grat+1 beh9d :i*1 on m>ble slabs1 7 laid out ! p]fectly nak$ =ms ( ! unkn[n dead1 victims ( accid5t or ( viol5ce4 #cdh ,! bloat$ body ( a dr[n$ man1 ^: />t+ eyes fir/ caught ! sc>$ glance ( ! %udd]+ *ild1 made him />t ) horror & surprise4 ,he _h (t5 ?\ght1 f all he _h he>d1 t ! sights to be se5 9 ! ,morgue mu/ be dreadful1 b ! reality surpass$ all 8 imag9+s4 ,he clos$ 8 eyes1 b op5$ !m an in/ant aft] to take a look at ! corpse ( a woman1 ^: blood-clott$ hair & batt]$ features %[$ b too pla9ly t ! wret*$ creature _h be5 ! victim ( "s f\l crime4 ',tis %e6 cri$ ,polyc>pe4 ,b ,m>cel c\ld be> no m2 ! *ild's n]ves & he>t _h be5 tri$ to ! utt]mo/1 & he fell ins5sible on ! cold1 damp floor4 ,polyc>pe & two or ?ree by/&]s dragg$ him out ( ! build+1 &1 gett+ "s wat] f ! riv]1 soon br\ght him to aga91 b v %aky & weak4 ,polyc>pe ,poquet 0 a regul> scamp1 an idle begg>1 a /reet-?ief2 nev]!less v g5tly & lov+ly did he help 8 fri5d on 8 legs aga91 & v s(tly did he speak to him z !y walk$ sl[ly away f t horrible place4 ,come 9 "h1 old fell[1 said he1 :5 !y arriv$ be=e ! door on ! second l&+4 ,"m wants to see y1 he add$1 z he p]ceiv$ t ,m>cel hesitat$4 ,madame ,poquet & ,l\l\ 7 bo? at home2 = ! *>woman 0 j !n at lib]ty1 h] la/ mi/ress hav+ be5 mean en\gh to lock up ! *>coal & bread & butt]1 & v>i\s o!r useful items 9 h\sekeep+1 & z ,madame ,poquet said to h] neighbors1 ,aft] t evid5t want ( confid5ce1 %e felt h]self oblig$ to leave1 especially z ! wages 7 s l[ t )\t ! p]quisites ! place 0 wor? no?+6 ,%e 0 a good-natur$ woman1 not)/&+ h] di%one/y1 & receiv$ poor ,m>cel 9 a k9d1 mo!rly mann] t contribut$ mu* to soo! & console him4 ,n[1 y see1 ,m>cel1 said %e1 y ne$ n feel s bad2 y %all come & live ) u2 !re's room = f\r1 & s !re's room = five4 ,i'm sure ,i always want$ to h y1 = ,madame ,vautr9 0 n good to y--y "k t %e wasn't--ev]ybody kn[s t %e wasn't4 ,n[1 come1 don't cry s2 x %[s t y've a good he>t1 b x is n reasonable1 & ,i c't be> to he> y4 ,i nev] c\ld be> to he> any "o cry4 ,come1 c\rage1 c\rage6 ,& ! old ?iev+ *>woman kiss$ ! weep+ boy t5d]ly1 & !n wip$ h] own ov]fl[+ eyes4 ,he ?rew 8 arms ar\nd h] neck & sobb$ al\d1 & ! mo!rly old s\l sobb$ ) him4 ,come n[1 said %e pres5tly1 & %e plac$ him z %e spoke on a *air by ! table1 "h's "s good hot c(fee & milk1 & a piece ( nice fre% bread4 ,i got x ready = y half an h\r ago4 ,!re1 y & ,polyc>pe sit d[n & take y\r breakfa/2 t'll d y good1 & com=t y4 ,& c]ta9ly ! good meal did mu* to calm him1 ?\gh p]haps ! sympa?y ( ,madame ,poquet & h] *ildr5 did m4 ,& s x 0 settl$2 ! l&lord sold ! few mis]able /icks ( furniture belong+ to ,pelagie ,vautr9 = ! arre>s ( r5t1 & ,m>cel became "o ( ! ,poquet family4 ,z = ! batt]$ corpse ly+ on ! m>ble slab 9 ! ,morgue1 x 0 nev] reclaim$1 b 0 hurri$ly buri$ 9 ! paup] grave t ! /ate provides = ! unkn[n dead4 ,yet x 0 a long "t be=e ! orphan :om ,pelagie ,vautr9 _h s cruelly ill-treat$ ceas$ to ?9k ( h]1 or %udd] z he rememb]$ h] t]rible dea?4 #cdi ,x 0 an end1 h[ev]1 z we "k1 to be expect$ = "o curs$ ) s wick$ a temp] & ( su* dissolute habits4 ,drunk5ness1 qu>rels1 bl[s1 & dea?6 ,x is a natural sequ5ce6 ,poor ,m>cel ga9$ by ! *ange2 at lea/1 8 life 0 n s h>d a "o z x _h be54 ,he 0 no long] oblig$ to br+ home a c]ta9 quantity ( rags & old iron e day2 he _h no regul> task set him4 ,b ,monsieur & ,madame ,poquet nev]!less fully expect$ him to pick up 8 own liv+ & some?+ m1 9 ! same way z did _! son ,polyc>pe4 ,! two boys aft] a "t adopt$1 z _! pr9cipal s\rce ( income1 ! bus9ess ( ga!r+ cig>-ends & conv]t+ !m into pipe-tobacco4 ,x 0 a pr(ession t requir$ e>ly ris+1 quick eyes1 & light heels1 = !re 7 o!r lads 9 ! same walk ( life1 b :o c\ld be bett] fitt$ = su* a pursuit ?an ,m>cel & ,polyc>pe8 ,at f\r e morn+ !y salli$ =? to make _! r\nd2 hunt+ = ! preci\s bits on ! sidewalks & 9 ! gutt]s ( ! mo/ frequ5t$ & fa%ionable /reets1 ! ,b\lev>ds1 ! ,*amps ,elyses1 & ! purlieus ( ! !atres4 ,sometimes1 :5 !y 7 flu% ( money1 !y b\ght f ! wait]s 9 ! c(fee-h\ses ! p]mission to pick up ! ends t might be "u ! tables4 ,! h>ve/ made1 !y ha/5$ d[n to ! riv]'s side1 & !re1 seat$ "u or ne> ! dry ar*es ( "o ( ! bridges1 !y empti$ _! bags on ! gr\nd beside !m & comm5c$ ! sort+ ( _! m]*&ise4 ,! prime or fir/ quality consi/$ ( ! ends ( ,havana cig>s1 regalias1 londres1 etc42 ! second quality1 ( ^? ( home gr[?1 or bits pick$ up 9 dirty gutt]s1 & consequ5tly some:at det]iorat$4 ,! sort+ f9i%$1 our "y tobacconi/s comm5c$ _! "w ( metamorphosis4 ,ea* "o 0 furni%$ ) a small squ>e ( smoo? wood1 a %>p1 ?9-blad$ knife1 & a :et/one1 = ! knife requir$ frequ5t %>p5+ dur+ ! op]ation ( cutt+ up ! ends4 ,?is 0 p]=m$ on ! squ>e ( wood1 & z f9e z possible1 s z to resemble new smok+ tobacco4 ,pap] p>cels 7 !n made up ( ?is novel manufacture2 ! inf]ior quality sell+ at "o s\ ! packet2 ! sup]ior fet*+ z mu* z fifty s\s ! p\nd4 ,! re/ ( ! day 0 pass$ 9 dispos+ ( _! morn+ labors1 & ?is 0 nev] difficult2 !y f\nd pl5ty ( cu/om]s1 masons1 /reet-sweep]s1 & rat-cat*]s1 & (t5 made z mu* z ?ree francs ea* 9 ! day4 ,!y might h ga9$ an hone/ liv+ by ?is humble means1 _h !y only possess$ an hone/ home4 ,b ,monsieur & ,madame ,poquet 7 ?ieves1 & ! m ! lads ga9$ ! m 0 exact$ f !m4 ,& !n 9 ! dreadful dr9k+-d5s !y frequ5t$ to sell _! m]*&ise !y became ea* day initiat$ 9 "s new vice4 ,!re 0 inde$ no?+ to /op !m on _! d[nw>d c\rse2 & soon1 alas1 ! orphan boy1 intellig5t1 & naturally consci5ti\s1 became v]s$ 9 knav]y & a common /reet-?ief6 ,poor1 poor ,m>cel6 #cej ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,soon1 l captives1 %all ye le>n ,ways less wild & laws m /]n4 ,anon4 ,days & weeks & mon?s _h pass$ away 9 ?is k9d ( life1 :5 "o morn+1 :ile ,m>cel & ,polyc>pe 7 /ill yawn+ & /ret*+ !mselves 9 _! dirty b$1 ,l\l\1 :o _h gone r\nd ! corn] to fet* "s ready-made hot c(fee & milk1 = _! breakfa/1 ru%$ back aga9 ) *eeks z :ite z x 0 possible = h] r>ely wa%$ face to %[4 ,get up quick & run6 cri$ %e z %e bur/ into ! room1 ! police are com+ ?is way2 ,i'm sure !y're com+ "h to look = fa!r1 &1 if !y f9d y1 !y'll grab y too4 ,! two boys ne$$ no fur!r call+2 inde$1 !y 7 out ( b$ be=e ,l\l\ _h end$ h] cry ( dang]4 ,old ,poquet _h become a m>k$ man at ! ,prefecture ( ,police1 & 8 reputation 0 v bad among 8 neighbors4 ,he _h be5 fe>+ a visit ( ?is k9d dur+ ! la/ eight days1 & _h tak5 himself (f no "o knew :i!r4 ,s ! boys1 kn[+ ?is1 w\ld n h be5 s mu* afraid = _! own safety1 _h !y n done ! prec$+ day :at !y call$ good bus9ess1 & _h 9 _! possession ?is morn+ m money & a great] v>iety ( purses ?an !y c\ld well h acc\nt$ =4 ,s !y jump$ out ( b$ at ! fir/ ^w ( al>m1 & huddl$ on _! clo!s 9 less "t ?an x takes to write ! fact2 & precipitat+ !mselves d[n ! /airs1 7 out ( ! h\se & out ( sight1 j z two policem5 turn$ into ! /reet4 ,x 0 n until !y _h ?read$ _m n>r[1 dirty /reets beh9d ! ,pan!on1 div+ into d>k passages1 & pass+ ?r\gh h\ses :i* 7 ?or\ghf>es1 z !re are _m 9 ! great city1 & at la/ f\nd !mselves ne> ! ,b>rire ( ,/4 ,jacques1 t !y felt secure en\gh to walk sl[ly & take "t to ask ea* o!r :]e !y %\ld g4 ,p>bleu6 cri$ ,polyc>pe1 :o 0 ! fir/ to break sil5ce1 at any rate our pockets are n empty6 ,lib]ty = ev]6 ,hurrah = pleasure & potatoes6 ,nev] say die1 old fell[6 ,& he clapp$ 8 fri5d on ! back & laugh$ z if x 7 ! pleasante/ ?+ 9 life to be runn+ away f ! police4 ,m>cel 0 n s gay3 ! boy's in/9cts1 p]v]t$ z !y 7 by ! deprav$ influ5ces t surr\nd$ him1 became re/ive at times2 my/]i\s aspirations1 & disgu/ ( he knew n :at1 agitat$ /rangely ! poor *ild's a*+ he>t1 & gave him sometimes an appe>ance ( timidity t _h acquir$ = him among 8 pr(ligate companions ! sobriquet ( la demoiselle ! "y lady4 ,he 0 n[ m mov$ ?an usual1 8 *eek 0 v pale1 & 8 l>ge blue eyes wore a m ?\ghtful expression ?an ev] be=e4 ,mak+ a viol5t ef=t ov] himself1 he at l5g? repli$ to 8 companion's vivacity by ask+ :at w\ld become ( ,l\l\4 ,l\l\6 cri$ ,polyc>pe1 :y1 %e's safe en\gh2 %e'll get out ( ! scrape1 & !re's no?+ aga9/ h] & "m4 ,y ne$n't ?9k ( h]1 b ( u1 ,i c tell y4 ,n[1 :at d y ?9k ,i'm ?9k+ (1 eh8 ,i suppose ( :]e we mu/ g to-night4 ,exactly s1 mademoiselle1 & c y guess8 ,no1 t y c't1 s y ne$n't try4 ,well1 we mu/ g hide 9 ! qu>ries at ,issy2 we %all be safe !re1 & we won't come back to ,p>is be=e two mon?s4 ,! qu>ries6 cri$ ,m>cel1 ,h[ dreadful6 ,n s dreadful z ,mazas1 repli$ ,polyc>pe1 z y'll "k "o ( ^! days4 #cea ,i hope n1 ejaculat$ ,m>cel1 %udd]+4 ,y hope n1 y idiot6 said ,polyc>pe angrily1 :y1 h[ c x be o!rwise8 ,"o c't be always 9 luck4 ,don't y "k t e "o gets to prison at la/8 ,e "o t ,i "k has be5 !re1 & :y %\ld ,i escape1 ,i %\ld l to "k8 ,( c\rse my "t w come1 & y\r "t w come1 & :at we h to d !n is to %[ game4 ,no cry-baby go+s on !n1 if y please1 ,ma/] ,m>cel1 or y & ,i'll "p company :5 we come out6 ,m>cel did n answ]1 & !y cont9u$ sil5tly _! way until !y _h pass$ ! =tifications4 ,n[1 said ,polyc>pe at la/1 we mu/ try to kill "t z pleasantly z possible until ! night1 & !n we'll g /raight to ! qu>ries2 we c't g !re dur+ ! day1 = !re is always dang] f spies4 ,i'm v hungry1 rem>k$ ,m>cel4 ,& s am ,i1 answ]$ 8 fri5d1 my inside has let me "k = a long "t t x didn't get any c(fee ?is morn+4 ,x 0 n long be=e ! two boys f\nd a k9d ( nondescript cab>et & re/aurant--"o ( ^? dr9k+ & eat+ h\ses t d mo/ bus9ess ) ,sunday-break]s & holiday-mak]s1 if n ) worse g5try4 ,!y 7 soon seat$ be=e a smok+ omelette1 :i*1 ) a great loaf ( bread & a bottle ( s\r cl>et1 !y pron\nc$ to be a fir/-rate breakfa/4 ,! meal f9i%$ & paid =1 !y b\ght a c\ple ( bottles ( br&y1 & !n /roll$ (f aga9 to ! =tifications1 :]e1 *oos+ a sunny spot on ! grassy side ( ! deep1 dry moat t surr\nds ! massive walls1 !y snooz$ away ! re/ ( ! day4 ,! qu>ries ( ,issy _h long be5 ! r5dezv\s ( all sorts ( "y scamps4 ,idle1 vici\s boys :o _h run away f home2 unfai?ful appr5tices :o _h robb$ _! ma/]'s tills2 pickpockets ^: successful op]ations _h r5d]$ _! abs5ce f ! sc5e ( _! labors desirable = a p]iod2 h>d5$ vagabonds wait+ an opportunity to rob or murd]1 z ! case might be--all f\nd !re a hid+-place & cong5ial society4 ,c>efully conceal$ f any pass]s-by or workm51 !y slept ! daylight away1 b z soon z d>kness _h r5d]$ ! place secure1 ! wret*$ y\?s comm5c$ _! orgies4 ,gorg+ on ! provisions provid$ by two or ?ree ( _! numb] 9 turn1 & b\ght or /ol5 9 ! neighbor+ villages ( ,issy1 ,clam>t1 & ,meudon2 guzzl+1 s++1 & swe>+2 boa/+ ( _! skill 9 e cunn+ & ?iev+ art2 tea*+ & le>n+ all mann] ( vice--?us pass$ !y _! turbul5t night1 :ile outside ! /ifl+ hole t scre5$ _! wick$ness ! />ry sky spread cool & calm ov] ! sleep+ village & peaceful fields & woods4 ,h[ ! contra/ betwe5 ! )9 & ! )\t /ruck ,m>cel a few h\rs aft] he _h ent]$ t ignoble hid+-place6 ,he & ,polyc>pe _h quitt$ ! moat at nightfall & _h f\nd !mselves ab\t t5 o'clock at ! r5dezv\s4 ,! place 0 well-kn[n to ! cobbl]'s son2 _m & _m a "t _h he come hi!r to see "s fri5d 9 hid+1 & he n[ advanc$ )\t hesitation4 ,at a c]ta9 di/ance f ! entrance1 he put 8 f+]s to 8 lips & utt]$ a %rill1 peculi> cry1 !n seiz+ 8 companion's arm hurri$ 94 ,!y 7 met by ,gugu/e1 & receiv$ an en?usia/ic welcome1 n only f t "y rascal1 b also f ! re/ ( ! b&1 :i* conta9$ a great _m at t mom5t1 & consi/$ almo/ entirely ( old acqua9tances4 ,! two bottles ( br&y 7 hail$ ) acclamations1 & ! donors invit$ to take "p 9 ! eat+ & dr9k+ t 0 ab\t to comm5ce4 #ceb ,us$ z our "y h]o 0 to all k9ds ( wick$ness1 he at fir/ li/5$ ) fe> to :at he he>d ar\nd him n[2 b ! br&y & ! example ( 8 companions soon act$ on 8 impressionable nature1 ! revolt+ in/9cts 7 /ifl$ z usual1 & ,m>cel quickly became "o ( ! noisie/ & mo/ cynical ( ^? wret*$ *ildr54 ,"o half ( ! company 0 already ne>ly drunk1 & ! o!r half at ! height ( its revelry1 :5 a s\nd ( _m feet m>*+ 9 /ep & close at h& sil5c$ ea* & all 9 an in/ant4 ,! lights 7 sudd5ly ext+ui%$1 pi/ols cock$--= mo/ ( ! "y miscreants 7 arm$2 !n came a ru% f ! outside1 a /ruggle1 sev]al %ots1 smo!r$ groans1 oa?s1 & all 0 ov]4 ,law _h conqu]$1 & ! :ole b& 0 9 ! p[] ( a posse ( g5d>mes "u ! comm& ( an (fic]4 ,to h&cuff ! "y ruffians & lead !m "o by "o out ( _! d5 0 soon accompli%$2 & x 0 !n t ,m>cel1 em]g+ into ! tranquil night1 0 /ruck by ! contra/4 ,)91 drunk5ness & crime1 false1 fev]i% m]rim5t end+ 9 bloody /rife2 )\t1 ! cool1 fre% air ( e>ly morn1 ! fir/ /reak ( break+ day 9 ! f> ea/1 ! m>ket-c>ts w5d+ _! plodd+ way to ! great metropolis--all tell+ ( peace1 all s quiet6 ,beautiful nature & humble toil6 ,poor ,m>cel6 he c\ld n und]/& 8 feel+s1 = 8 intellig5ce 0 w>p$ & dw>f$ ) 8 consci5ce2 b 8 "y he>t a*$ ) vague aspirations & regrets1 & he wept bitt]ly4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,we travel ?r\gh a des]t1 & our feet ,h measur$ a fair space1 h left beh9d ,a ?\s& dang]s & a ?\s& sn>es4 444 444 ,! pa/ temptations ,no m %all vex u4 ,watts4 ',tis beauty all1 & grateful song ar\nd1 ,jo9$ to ! l[ ( k9e1 & num]\s bleat ,( flocks ?ick-nibbl+ ?r\gh ! clov]$ vale4 ,?omson4 ,a few weeks aft] ?is cata/rophe1 ! :ole b& 0 tri$ & condemn$ to v>i\s degrees ( puni%m5t & correction4 ,no?+ _h be5 prov5 aga9/ ,m>cel & ,polyc>pe fur!r ?an t !y _h be5 f\nd among recogniz$ ?ieves1 & 7 by t fact alone suspici\s *>act]s 9 ! eyes ( ! law4 ,! answ]s elicit$ f ,m>cel on 8 exam9ation _h excit$ ! compassion ( ! tribunal1 & ! presid5t decl>$ 8 int5tion ( giv+ him ! opportunity ( r$eem+ ! pa/ & ( becom+ an hone/ man4 ,polyc>pe ,poquet1 also1 _h be5 judg$ l5i5tly2 8 frank1 g5]\s nature _h be5 discov]$ amid/ all ! vice t ov]%ad[$ x4 ,v beautiful & t\*+ 7 ! words 9 :i* ! wor?y presid5t ann\nc$ to ! two boys t he acquitt$ !m because he believ$ t !y _h act$ )\t disc]nm5t1 b t1 fe>+ = _! future1 he %\ld s5d !m to a h\se ( correction :]e !y w\ld be deta9$ until !y _h ea* rea*$ ! age ( tw5ty-"o4 ,he rem9d$ !m t at lea/ six ye>s lay be=e !m to re=m & elevate !mselves4 #cec ,he promis$ !m t e means %\ld be giv5 to !m to improve1 & t !y %\ld be taught a trade or pr(ession1 & ?us enabl$ by _! own labor to ga9 _! liv+ & become respectable citiz5s4 ,ob$i5ce & indu/ry w\ld be expect$ f !m1 he said2 & he entreat$ !m to h pity on !mselves1 & to aid by _! own ex]tions ! ef=ts ( ^? :o s9c]ely desir$ _! welf>e1 bo? temporal & et]nal4 ,m>cel's te>s fl[$ pl5tifully :ile ! good magi/rate ?us address$ !m2 he _h nev] be=e he>d su* ?+s1 & he wept z mu* f gratitude z f fe>4 ,imprisonm5t = six ye>s seem$ t]rible2 b if ^? six ye>s 7 to give him ! v ?+ = :i* he ye>n$--a diff]5t life f t he _h hi!rto l$1 9 :i* all 0 fe> & pa96 ,z = ,polyc>pe1 he 0 m sil5t ?an usual1 b he seem$ nei!r afraid nor sorry4 ,he felt ! influ5ce ( virtue & tru?1 h[ev]1 & ! presid5t's disc\rse made m impression on him ?an he c>$ to confess ev5 to ,m>cel2 = 9 m9ds r5d]$ obtuse by vici\s habits a good feel+ or impulse is g5]ally consid]$ z a weakness1 & resi/$ or conceal$4 ,! boys 7 conduct$ back to ! depot ( ! prefecture z soon z ! presid5t _h f9i%$ speak+ to !m1 !re to await _! removal to ! ,h\se ( ,correction t %\ld be appo9t$ by ! au?orities4 ,9 #ahci1 a few noble-he>t$1 philan?ropic m5 conceiv$ ! idea ( f\nd+ at ,mettray1 ne> ! beautiful t[n ( ,t\rs1 9 almo/ ! he>t ( ,france1 a colony ( "y convicts1 to :om %\ld be giv5 a moral & religi\s tra9+1 & ! bless+s ( a home4 ,^! b5evol5t m5 _h /udi$ ) pr(\nd att5tion ! admirable p5it5ti>y sy/em ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica2 comp>$ ) x1 ! sy/em ( correction z practis$ 9 ! /ate prisons ( ,france _h /ruck !m z s+ul>ly ineffective & q inadequate to atta9 ! end & aim ( all puni%m5t1 ! eradication ( vice1 & ! awak5+ ( a desire to practise indu/ry & hone/y4 ,! publi%$ reports ( ^! prisons _h ev5 prov$ t1 f> f ! morality ( ! un=tunate *ildr5 deta9$ !re be+ improv$1 ^! unhappy victims did actually become m confirm$ 9 _! p]v]sity by _! soj\rn 9 ! h\se ( correction4 ,?\gh re/ra9$ by ! prison discipl9e1 !y 7 n actually taught2 = x is n intimidation t c tea* a fall5 nature h[ to rise1 nor inculcate ! love ( honor & virtue4 ,! helt]-skelt] way ( ^! h\ses 0 fatal to _! utility4 ,"y (f5d]s1 guilty ( comp>atively slight (f5ces1 7 associat$ ) sc\ndrels v]s$ 9 e my/]y ( crime4 ,! burgl> & ! highway robb]1 ! co9] & ! assass91 became ! companions ( ! *ild s apt to le>n1 s ready to receive any impression :e!r ( good or evil4 ,want ( space 0 plead$ 9 ext5uation ( ?is great1 ?is fundam5tal error 9 ! "w ( re=mation2 & ?us ju/ice & social good 7 sacrific$ to consid]ations ( economy6 ,! sy/em ( det5tion1 too1 z appli$ to *ildr51 did n r5d] x obligatory on ! adm9i/ration ( ! prison to cont9ue its c>e ( ! *ild aft] he _h quitt$ ! walls :]e he _h pass$ ! la/ five or six ye>s ( 8 "y life4 ,on ! day ( 8 lib]ation1 ! rule 0 to give him a few clo!s & a "p ( ! products ( 8 labor dur+ 8 det5tion1 & !n all 0 end$ betwe5 him & ^? :o 7 suppos$ to h be5 8 tea*]s & protectors4 #ced ,?us ?r[n all at once into a _w f :i* he _h be5 seque/]$ = ye>s1 )\t any family traditions ( indu/ry & probity to guide & uphold him1 ! unhappy y\? f\nd x impossible to ga9 a foot+ among ! hone/ & respectable1 & 0 soon irretrievably lo/4 ,all ! errors1 all ! consequ5ces ( ?is sy/em1 7 !n to be avoid$ 9 ! new colony ( ,mettray2 & guid$ by s\nd s5se & a deep love ( _! k9d1 ! f\nd]s ( ?is admirable e/abli%m5t und]took ! task ( end[+ ! err+ *ildr5 confid$ to !m by ! /ate ) family affections & habits1 ) ! love ( ord]1 & ) heal?4 ,_! m9ds & he>ts 7 to be cultivat$1 & !y 7 to be giv5 ! desire & ! means ( ga9+ _! liv+ by hone/ labor4 ,x 0 to ! agricultural colony ( ,mettray t ,m>cel & ,polyc>pe 7 s5t1 a few days aft] _! exam9ation be=e ! tribunal2 & !y made ! j\rney ?i!r 9 ! company ( ?irty or =ty o!r un=tunate boys ( _! own age4 ,:at language c express ! delight t fill$ ! bosom ( ! poor orphan :5 8 eyes fir/ re/$ on ! home t a m]ciful ,provid5ce _h at la/ giv5 him6 ,mo/ lovely 0 ! wide l&scape t spread be=e him2 = f]tile ,t\ra9e is inde$ ! g>d5 ( beautiful ,france4 ,! bright wat]s ( ! magnific5t riv] ,loire 7 !re to be se5 w9d+ amid/ gre5 fields1 its %ores bord]$ by /range habitations holl[$ 9 ! rocks1 or fr+$ ) wav+ trees4 ,!re 7 ! h\ses ( ! ,mettray coloni/s on ! side ( a ris+ gr\nd1 ! tap]+ /eeple ( _! *apel %[+ itself f ! middle ( ! gr\p l a giant f+] po9t+ ! way to heav54 ,on ! bank ( ! little /ream t pass$ close to ! settlem5t on its way to ! great riv] /ood a w9dmill1 turn+ its sails "r m]rily4 ,plantations ( mulb]ry-trees1 beautifully kept g>d5s & or*>ds1 & :eat-fields ne>ly ripe = ! h>ve/1 surr\nd$ ! colony2 ox5 graz+ or pull+ heavily-lad5 c>ts1 %eep br[s+ ) t9k+ bells1 "y coloni/s smil+1 bright-ey$1 rosy-*eek$1 direct+1 help+1 work+ 9 e way & ) a w2 all ! sights & s\nds ( husb&ry1 & among ! leaves a :isp]+ breeze1 & ! w>m air p]fum$ ) ! sc5t ( newly-m[n hay1 & ov] all ! bright blue1 sunny sky4 ,su* 0 ! l&scape t met ! eyes ( ! pale-fac$1 s9-degrad$ *ildr5 ( ,p>is4 ,su* 0 ! home t a few true m5 ) lov+ he>ts & liv+ sympa?ies _h provid$ = ! victims ( pov]ty & crime6 ,"h 7 !y to le>n1 by ! all-p[]ful lessons ( religion & heal?ful labor1 h[ to become hone/1 useful citiz5s2 "h 7 !y to acquire self-respect1 love ( c\ntry & ( _! fell[-m54 ,oh6 bless+s on ! ,*ri/ian m5 :o f\nd$ ! colony ( ,mettray6 ,_! names are inscrib$ on ! walls ( ! *apel2 b ^? walls w crumble away 9 "t1 _! names w be =gott51 b ! good !y h done w nev] decay or pass away1 & ,v]ily !y %all h _! rew>d6 #cee ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,law1 consci5ce1 honor1 all obey$1 all give ,! approv+ voice1 & make x bliss to live2 ,:ile fai?1 :5 life c no?+ m supply1 ,%all /r5g!n hope & make x bliss to die4 ,! boys at ,mettray are divid$ into families1 ea* inhabit+ a sep>ate h\se inscrib$ ) ! "n ( c]ta9 t[ns1 or ( ! g5]\s giv]4 ,!re is ! ,h\se ( ,p>is1 ! ,h\se ( ,limoges1 ! ,h\se ( ! wid[ ,hb]t1 & "o is call$ ! ,h\se ( ,m>y1 9 :i* ! y\nge/ *ildr5 are plac$4 ,!re 7 m ?an a doz5 ( ^! dwell+s :5 our two culprits ent]$ ! colony1 ea* direct$ by a ,fa!r & an ,eld] ,bro!r1 ! inmates ( ea* "o emulat+ ! inmates ( ! o!rs 9 _! progress to re=mation1 & e family consid]+ itself a di/9ct bro!rhood4 ,x 0 to ! ,h\se ( ,p>is1 t ,m>cel & ,polyc>pe 7 consign$2 & :at a new life began = ^! poor *ildr5 :51 aft] a %ort seque/ration1 s t at lea/ ! fir/ elem5ts ( religion1 ord]1 & hone/y might be in/ill$ into _! m9ds1 !y 7 p]mitt$ to associate ) ! old] coloni/s1 & take full "p 9 _! lessons & labors4 ,/range b sweet did x seem to ,m>cel :5 he fir/ felt himself a memb] ( a family1 "o among _m bro!rs1 :]e he 0 to f9d ^? ties & t affection refus$ to him hi!rto4 ,h[ soon he came to love 8 sup]iors1 ! ,fa!r & ! ,eld] ,bro!r1 & h[ easy ob$i5ce 0 to him1 c be readily imag9$ by ^? :o h foll[$ 8 =tunes s f>4 ,h[ fond & pr\d he grew aft] a :ile ( 8 home--8 sav+ ark--c only be conceiv$ by ^? :o h visit$ ,mettray1 & :o h se5 & he>d ) _! own eyes & e>s t e *ild !re consid]s himself honor$ by ! title ( coloni/1 & b\nd 9 8 own p]son to prove ! wor?9ess ( ! community4 ,"o ( ! fir/ tasks ( ! newcom]s 0 to le>n ! duties & discipl9e ( ! h\se4 ,! coloni/s' duties are honorable1 said ! ,fa!r ( ! family to !m ! day aft] _! arrival2 !y resemble ! soldi]s2 ob$i5ce to sup]iors & submission to discipl9e4 ,)\t discipl9e no association ( m5 is possible4 ,) x a nation may become inv9cible6 ,to ,m>cel ! discipl9e ( ,mettray 0 n only easy b ev5 agreeable1 & none c\ld be m scrupul\sly obs]vant ( ! regulations ?an he4 ,at ! fir/ s\nd ( ! cl>ion :i* awoke ! family ea* morn+1 he 0 out ( 8 hammock & dress+ himself ) sil5t ha/e4 ,!n1 fold+ 8 b$ & putt+ x away1 he 0 ready to m>* ) 8 companions to ! wa%-h\se4 ,"h ! ablutions 7 pl5tiful & ?or\gh2 = ! boys at ,mettray are taught t n only is cleanl9ess absolutely necess>y to heal?1 b t we are also m wor?y to come 9 pray] be=e our ,mak] :5 purifi$ & refre%$ by 8 bless$ gift ( wat]4 ,! wa%+ & comb+ f9i%$1 he return$ ) 8 bro!rs to ! dormitory1 to r5d] ?anks = ! peaceful re/ ( ! pa/ night & to beg ,god's bless+ on ! labors ( to-day4 ,!n ! cl>ion s\nd$ aga91 & ea* ran to take 8 place 9 ! ranks ( work]s ab\t to m>* to _! daily labors out ( doors4 ,sc>cely w\ld !y h be5 recogniz$ by ^? !y _h left beh9d !m 9 _! old ,p>is haunts1 z1 clo!d 9 _! d>k-blue bl\ses1 _! feet w>m & dry 9 good sabots1 _! *eeks gl[+ ) cleanl9ess & heal?1 !y m>*$ 9 /ep1 light & brisk1 to _! respective tasks4 ,"s proce$$ to ! fields1 :]e1 sup]9t5d$ by an intellig5t sup]ior1 !y work$ ) a will+ _s1 enc\rag$ & /r5g!n$ by ! sight ( _! tea*] labor+ ) !m4 ,"s ent]$ ! out-h\ses fitt$ up z "w-%ops1 :]e1 :ile "o le>n$ tailor+ on 8 bre?r5's clo!s1 ano!r work$ at 8 family's %oes4 #cef ,a little f>!r on1 & ! "y coloni/s rea*$ ! blacksmi?'s %op1 :]e !y hamm]$ away manfully at ! *a9s & rails1 ! ge> ( ! c>ts1 ! locks & h+es1 & all ! o!r iron necessities ( ! place4 ,& ne> by /ood ! c>p5t]'s %op1 :]e ano!r b& prep>$ all ! wood-"w ( ! colony1 ev5 to ! doors & w9d[s ( ! new h\ses to be built to receive o!r poor ca/aways4 ,"s aga91 ^: turn x 0 to att5d to ! f>m-y>d1 w5t on to ! c[-h\se1 :]e ! c[s l[$ ) cont5t z !y ent]$4 ,& !n began su* a curry+ & cleans+ t x w\ld be difficult to say :i* enjoy$ x ! mo/1 ! boys or ! c[s4 ,c[s are n accu/om$ to h s mu* att5tion be/[$ on !m2 b ! lads took pleasure 9 x1 & ea* h\se _h ! privilege ( p>ticipat+ 9 rotation1 & ! k9e pr(it$ wond]fully4 ,aft] ! c[s came ! turn ( ! pigs1 ! horses1 & ! donkeys1 ! latt] great favorites g5]ally4 ,& !n ! dairy ) its pans ( ye/]day's milk ?ick ) cream1 to be skimm$1 & !n butt]-mak+ & *eese-mak+4 ,& ?us work$ ! once idle1 qu>relsome boys until ! welcome h\r ( breakfa/ summon$ !m )94 ,! simple b :olesome meal f9i%$1 aft] a %ort pause ! ?anksgiv+ 0 said1 & a qu>t] ( an h\r's recreation p]mitt$1 & !n at ! fir/ bla/ ( ! cl>ion !y left _! play1 =m$ _! ranks1 & gayly m>*$ (f to labor aga94 ,z !y pass$ ! ,director on _! way out1 !y greet$ him respectfully & affectionately1 _! bright & n[ hone/ eyes becom+ /ill bright] z he return$ _! salutation ) a k9d ^w & fa!rly smile4 ,m>vell\s *ange1 op]at$ by ! =ce ( enlight5$ *>ity alone1 by a few devot$ m5 & wom56 ,= !re 7 at ,mettray no manacles nor bl[s = ! refractory2 no prison-walls to keep 9 ! discont5t$1 lazy1 ?ief1 or begg>2 only labor & religi\s influ5ce1 ju/ice & love1 ev] work+ toge!r to repair ! ravages t s9 & ignorance _h wr\ght 9 ! consci5ces ( ^! =lorn ones1 & endeavor+ to extirpate ev5 ! v g]m ( evil 9 _! s\ls4 ,! day ( heal?ful toil 9 ! woods1 fields1 & work%ops end$ at six o'clock1 :5 ! cl>ion's cle> voice aga9 summon$ ! "y labor]s1 ?is "t to s*ool1 :i!r !y m>*$ 9 regim5tal ord] prec$$ by a b& ( milit>y music4 ,! s*ool-rooms 7 l>ge1 well-v5tilat$ *amb]s1 _! :ite walls be>+ ! inscription1 ,dieu v\s voit1 ,god sees y1 (t-repeat$1 & decorat$ ) li/s1 tablets ( honor1 conta9+ ! names ( ^? boys :o _h = ?ree mon?s ga9$ an immunity f all puni%m5t4 ,_m ( ^! names _h become fixtures1 !y _h be5 !re s long2 = ! erasure ( a "n is consid]$ by ! coloni/s z a great disgrace1 :ile its cont9uance on ! tablet is an honor4 ,"h dur+ two h\rs1 aid$ by k9d1 intellig5t tea*]s1 ! boys le>n$ read+1 writ+1 ari?metic1 s++1 & l9e> draw+4 ,! m advanc$ help$ to tea* ! beg9n]s1 & ) few exceptions prov$ !mselves pati5t1 pa9/ak+ tutors4 ,to ,m>cel ^! h\rs ( in/ruction 7 ! be/ & sweete/ recreation4 ,! boy seem$ to ye>n aft] k1 & ! progress he made 0 really surpris+4 ,he 0 ev5 aft] a :ile able to und]take to tea* a class ( new-com]s to read1 & pr\d & happy 0 he ! day ?is honorable task 0 assign$ to him6 #ceg ,b music especially soon became 8 greate/ s\rce ( pleasure4 ,x soo!d1 *e]$1 & elevat$ him2 x awak5$ 9 him ! t5d]e/ & highe/ s5tim5ts4 ,x sadd5$ him1 too1 sometimes1 b t 0 a solemn sadness t ref9$ r ?an depress$ ! boy's s5sitive nature4 ,! patriotic songs taught 9 ! s*ool r\s$ 8 en?usiasm & inspir$ him ) ! mo/ ard5t love ( 8 c\ntry4 ,! s(t /ra9s ( ! simple cate*ism-hymns he & 8 bro!rs sang :5 ! good *apla9 prep>$ !m = _! fir/ communion ent]$ into 8 inmo/ he>t1 br++ peace & hope4 ,b deep1 v deep 0 8 emotion :5 !y sang "s ( ^? pieces compos$ expressly = !m1 & be>+ ref]5ce to _! pa/ or pres5t /ate4 ,h[ 8 he>t swell$ :5 he jo9$ 8 voice1 high & sweet1 to 8 fell[ ca/aways1 z !y *aunt$-- ,droop n1 ?\gh %ame1 s91 & angui% are r\nd !e2 ,bravely fl+ (f ! cold *a9 t ha? b\nd !e2 ,look at yon pure heav5 smil+ beyond !e2 ,re/ n cont5t 9 ?y d>kness a clod4 ,"w = "s good--be x ev] s sl[ly1 ,*]i% "s fl[]--be x ev] s l[ly4 ,let ?y good de$s be a pray] to ?y ,god4 ,h[ e /irr+ l9e re-e*o$ 9 8 inmo/ s\l1 awak5+ !re gratitude s deep & full to all ^? :o _h rescu$ him f s9 t no language c\ld h express$ x4 ,we are told t !re is joy 9 heav5 ov] "o s9n] t rep5te?2 h[ _m bless+s1 !n1 mu/ re/ on ! heads ( ^? :o h conduct$ s9n+ *ildr5 to rep5tance--*ildr5 :om he loves & wi%es to be br\ght to him4 ,two h\rs ( s*ool & ! cl>ion s\nd$ = supp]4 ,! repa/ ov]1 aft] five m9utes' play ! refectory 0 conv]t$ into a dormitory by susp5d+ ! hammocks1 & !n came ! ev5+ pray] & hymn4 ,! day 0 end$1 & our orphan & 8 companions climb$ into _! clean b$s1 to sleep peacefully "u ! protection ( t ,heav5ly ,fa!r :o _h p]mitt$ !m 9 8 inscrutable wisdom to be> ! brunt ( ! battle :ile unprep>$1 b _h sav$ !m1 scot*$ & ble$+1 x is true1 yet /ill ) vitality en\gh to recov] f _! w\nds1 & fight aga91 & w9 at la/--if !y w\ld6 ,*apt] ,x4 ,i held x tru?1 ) him :o s+s ,to "o cle> h>p 9 div]s tones1 ,t m5 may rise on /epp+-/ones ,( _! dead selves to high] ?+s4 ,t5nyson4 ,polyc>pe ,poquet f\nd x m difficult to con=m himself to ! rules ( ! e/abli%m5t1 & ! law ( ob$i5ce to ! ,eld] ,bro!r especially 0 peculi>ly gall+ to him4 ,! ,fa!r ( ! ,family he c\ld submit to2 b ?is sup]ior1 ! ,eld] ,bro!r1 elect$ e mon? by !mselves f among !mselves1 0 reg>d$ by him z a k9d ( hypocritical up/>t1 :om he took e opportunity to annoy4 ,_m 7 ! insult+ words he address$ to ! poor boys :o receiv$ ?is m>k ( _! companions' e/eem1 b :o by _! v position 7 =c$ to report e fault committ$ by ^? same companions1 & _m a we>y h\r did he pass 9 solit>y conf9em5t1 mak+ nails1 be=e he _h le>n$ t fir/ duty ( a good citiz51 ob$i5ce to con/itut$ au?orities4 #ceh ,p]haps ! visit ( a v5]able ecclesia/ic :o _h come to exam9e ! work+-sy/em ( ! colony might be tak5 z ! turn+-po9t 9 ,polyc>pe's conduct1 ?\gh n ! real date ( 8 improvem5t1 z we %all see h]eaft]4 ,! good ,abb _h be5 que/ion+ ! boys ( ,m>cel & ,polyc>pe's family1 :5 he sudd5ly reque/$ !m to tell him :i* 7 ! ?ree be/ lads among !m4 ,ne$ we say t our poor orphan 0 "o ( ^? :o 7 in/antly1 & )\t hesitation1 po9t$ out by _! comrades8 ,& ! wor/8 ask$ ! abb aga94 ,e eye rema9$ fix$1 immovable2 e tongue sil5t4 ,all at once ,polyc>pe /epp$ =w>d & said 9 a l[ b cle> voice1 ',tis ,i6 ,my boy6 exclaim$ ! wor?y prie/1 z he clasp$ ! "y convict's h& 9 bo? ( 81 ,i _c believe x6 ,i w n take ev5 y\r ^w = x6 ,?is v ackn[l$gm5t proves t y are mi/ak54 ,polyc>pe nev] f t day =? wore ! ignom9i\s m>k ( puni%m5t1 ! ugly black gait] on ! left leg4 ,8 progress 9 le>n+ 0 sl[1 comp>$ ) t ( ,m>cel2 b he 0 an adept 9 ! h\se-duties1 :i* 7 p]=m$ by ea* family ( boys 9 turns ( a week at a "t4 ,he 0 skill$ 9 sweep+ & du/+1 wa%+ di%es & clean+ knives4 ,he 0 ! apte/ pupil1 too1 t ev] /udi$ ! cul9>y art1 &1 aft] a "t1 0 wont to boa/ t he c\ld di% up a savory d9n] !re :]e a less gift$ individual c\ld f9d no?+ to eat4 ,n t ,mettray c\ld be consid]$ z "o ( ! be/ s*ools = le>n]s1 nor its :olesome d9n]s z specim5s ( ! _w-fam$ ,fr5* cook]y2 = !y consi/$ ( vegetables entirely1 ) ! exception ( twice 9 ! week1 :5 bacon & beef figur$ on ! tables2 b ,polyc>pe felt t he _h natural abilities1 & c\ld d m ?an 0 requir$ ( him 9 ! simple kit*5 :]e he practis$4 ,he 0 q a favorite ) ! good ,si/]s :o presid$ !re2 !y 7 always glad :5 x 0 8 week to assi/ !m1 & prais$ him con/antly = 8 activity1 good temp]1 & disposition to oblige4 ,b if ,polyc>pe 0 useful 9 ! kit*51 he 0 invaluable 9 ! infirm>y4 ,a h&i] fell[ = help+ ! suff]+ nev] ent]$ a sick-room4 ,he 0 quick-ey$ & light-f+]$1 79 ! good s5se ( ! ^w27 he saw 9 a mom5t h[ be/ to arrange ! pill[s = ! we>y1 fev]i% head2 he c\ld dress a bli/] )\t draw+ a s+le exclamation f ! pati5t2 he c\ld make palatable gruel & ptisan2 he 0 punctual 9 adm9i/]+ ! potions1 &1 ?\gh la/ n lea/ ( 8 good qualities1 he 0 wakeful &1 at ! same "t1 good-temp]$ & *e]ful4 ,! k9d ,hospital ,si/]s1 :o _h *>ge ( ! infirm>y1 pron\nc$ him ! be/ ( nurses1 & w\ld h rejoic$ c\ld !y always h _h him ) !m4 ,! v fir/ week t he 0 on duty !re1 a poor boy1 :o _h only be5 a mon? 9 ! e/abli%m5t1 di$ ( ! disease ^: g]ms he _h br\ght ) him4 ,polyc>pe wat*$ ov] him ) ! t5d]e/ c>e1 & ! *ild became gratefully atta*$ to him1 & talk$ mu* to him ( 8 pa/ life--a %ort b sad "o4 ,8 fa!r1 he said1 0 9 ! galleys = life2 8 "m 9 ! hospital at ,t\rs2 8 two eld] si/]s 9 prison = !ft2 8 "y bro!r1 a mis]able de=m$ *ild1 0 a /reet-begg>2 & he knew n :at _h become ( 8 little si/] ( six ye>s old6 ,! poor fell[ lov$ ?is little si/] ) all ! conc5trat$ /r5g? ( a he>t t _h _h b few objects to love1 & he cri$ z he spoke ( h]4 #cei ,:5 ! *apla9 came to see him1 ! la/ ev5+ ( 8 %ort life1 ,polyc>pe relat$ ! sad /ory to ! good prie/4 ,victor ,b\rdon1 said ! abb g5tly1 z he /ill knelt by ! side ( ! b$1 aft] hav+ pray$ ) ! dy+ boy1 ,victor ,b\rdon1 ,i w g to ,t\rs1 & f9d y\r little si/]1 & ,i w place h] :]e %e w le>n to be a good & indu/ri\s girl4 ,i promise y ?is1 my *ild4 ,victor turn$ 8 dim eyes t[>d 8 consol]1 a smile ( ineffable cont5t play$ ov] 8 pa9-drawn features2 !n1 sigh+ r ?an speak+ ^! la/ words1 ,oh6 :at a pity to leave ! colony s soon6 ! "y e>?-tri$ _s pass$ away4 ,?is dea? made a la/+ impression on ,polyc>pe4 ,! exclamation1 ,oh6 :at a pity to leave ! colony s soon6 0 l a revelation to him2 all at once he und]/ood all t he _h escap$--all ! privileges he n[ enjoy$4 ,! ,fa!r ( ! family f\nd ! poor fell[ 9 te>s "o day1 &1 aft] a few sympa?iz+ que/ions1 drew f him a t\*+ confession ( 8 rep5tance4 ,he freely ackn[l$g$ t 8 good conduct _h hi!rto be5 prompt$ by pride only2 & if1 add$ he1 ,i h n run away1 x is only because !re are no walls at ,mettray4 ,s+ul> pro( ( ! innate s5tim5t ( honor t exi/s 9 ,france6 ,ev5 ?is ignorant boy felt x to be an unwor?y1 c[>dly act to betray ! confid5ce repos$ 9 him2 he consid]$ himself a prison] on p>ole1 & scorn$ to take advantage ( ! lib]ty grant$ him4 ,all 8 9-door tal5ts did n1 h[ev]1 prev5t 8 work+ well at ! h>d] labors out ( doors4 ,he 0 great at ! pl\gh1 & no "o groom$ a horse bett] ?an he4 ,8 /rongly-built frame1 too1 became admirably develop$ by ! f>m-"w & ! gymna/ic ex]cises 9 :i* all took a "p1 b 9 :i* none excell$ z he did4 ,8 /\t1 muscul> =m1 ! spl5did gl[ ( 8 *eeks1 & p]fectly heal?ful appe>ance1 w\ld h made him rem>k$ any:]e4 ,he _h at fir/ *os5 to le>n ! trade ( a bak]1 z 8 future means ( ga9+ a liv+2 b 8 /rong physical nature & necessity ( movem5t soon inspir$ him )1 a decid$ incl9ation = a milit>y life1 & ! adm9i/ration p]mitt$ him to revoke 8 fir/ *oice4 ,m>cel _h wi%$ to be a g>d5]2 he lov$ nature1 & 0 passionately fond ( fl[]s1 & 8 desire _h be5 grant$4 ,s ! two boys work$ hopefully & *e]fully on2 "o day 0 a repetition ( ! o!r1 until ,m>cel fully und]/ood t high] life :i* br+s its own recomp5se1 & ,polyc>pe acquir$ ! love ( tru? & ( hone/ labor4 ,a ye> aft] 8 admittance into ! colony1 ,polyc>pe's "n 0 inscrib$ on ! tablet ( honor by ! side ( ,m>cel's1 :i* _h already long ga9$ its place !re4 ,a few mon?s lat]1 he succe$$ to 8 fri5d z ,eld] ,bro!r1 &1 aft] ano!r int]val ( exempl>y conduct1 bo? lads receiv$ z a recomp5se a sum ( money :i* 0 plac$ 9 ! sav+s bank ( ! e/abli%m5t = _! future use1 & 7 entitl$ to we> a corporal's /ripe on _! sleeve--a high & envi$ di/9ction4 ,= ! good work]s !re is a future6 is ! hopeful salutation inscrib$ ov] ! gate at ,mettray4 #cfj ,yes6 !re is a future = all true work]s6 ,labor1 !n1 /eadfa/ly2 labor tru/fully1 poor *ildr5 ( e>?2 ! good "t come?--! rew>d is sure6 ,to ,be ,cont9u$4 ---------- ,ca?olicity ,& ,pan!ism4 ,numb] ,two4 ,pan!ism ,exam9$ ,f ,! ,ontological ,po9t ,( ,view-- ,! ,inf9ite-- ,idea ,( ,! ,inf9ite ,accord+ ,to ,! ,pan!i/4 ,! inf9ite ( ! pan!i/ is some?+ /ripp$ ( subsi/5ce1 limits1 det]m9ations1 def9it5ess1 qualities1 or quantity2 x is devoid ( all consci\sness1 intellig5ce1 w1 individuality2 x is some?+ hang+ betwe5 reality & unreality1 bord]+ on possibility & exi/5ce2 x is n altoge!r actual1 nor entirely possible1 b t :i* is 9 fi]i1 or becom+2 9 a ^w1 t :i* is bo? be+ & no?+4 ,x is pure1 unalloy$ ab/raction1 )\t a m9d :i* makes ! ab/raction4 ,we ackn[l$ge t pan!i/s d n all express !mselves 9 ! above mann] ) reg>d to ! inf9ite2 b1 if we /rip _! sy/ems ( _! v>i\s =ms1 all agree 9 pres5t+ ! same idea4 ,:e!r1 ) ! mat]iali/ic pan!i/s ( old1 we call ! inf9ite a common pr9ciple or se$ ( liquid nature1 f :i* ev]y?+ sprang up1 & :i* is ! sub/ratum ( ev]y?+2 or :e!r we call x ! primitive numb]1 ) ! ,py?agoreans2 or we l to exhibit x z ! fir/ unity or monas1 ) ,plot9us & ! ,neoplatoni/s2 or we look ^u x z ! inf9ite sub/ance ( ,sp9oza2 or f9ally1 ) ! ,g]mans1 we pref] to call x ! ego or ! absolute id5tity1 or ! ideal-be+2 or ! imp]sonal reason1 ) ,c\s9--all conv]ge into ?is idea1 t ! inf9ite is some?+ indet]m9ate1 unconsci\s1 imp]sonal2 :i*1 by an int]ior necessity1 is impell$ to unfold & develop itself1 assum+ all k9ds ( limitations & =ms2 & ?us1 f be+ undef9$1 indet]m9ate1 ab/ract1 x becomes real1 def9$1 det]m9ate1 concrete2 f be+ "o1 x becomes multiple4 ,! g5esis ( creation 9 all its compon5ts1 & ! hi/ory ( mank9d1 are ! successive unfold+ & realization ( ! inf9ite 9 a progressive scale4 ,=1 9 its necess>y developm5t1 x becomes matt]1 organism1 s5se2 & 9 man x acquires intellect ) ! consci\sness ( itself4 ,"h comm5ce all ! phases ( ! developm5t ( man record$ 9 hi/ory3 phases ( a progressive civilization1 :i* are b necess>y unfold+s & modifications ( ! inf9ite2 & :i* w g on progress+ p]petually1 to :at end1 or = h[ long1 pan!i/s & progressi/s are unable to det]m9e4 #cfa ,by means ( ?is !ory ( ! inf9ite1 !y endeavor to reconcile reality ) ! ontological ideas ( be+1 ! inf9ite1 sub/ance1 & ! absolute4 ,= !y reason ?us3 ,! idea ( be+ is ess5tially univ]sal1 & z su* x mu/ embrace all reality1 & !re=e x c be b "o4 ,! same mu/ be said ( ! idea ( ! inf9ite4 ,?is compreh5ds ev]y?+1 & !re=e absorbs ev]y?+4 ,! read] c easily see1 f :at we h ?us f> said1 t ! fir/ problem :i* pan!ism raises & :i* is to be solv$1 is ! foll[+3 ,:at is ! nature ( ! inf9ite8 ,we accept ! problem1 & %all discuss x by mak+ ! foll[+ inquiries4 #a4 ,does ! idea :i* pan!ism gives ( ! inf9ite really resolve ! problem8 #b4 ,:at is ! true solution ( ! problem8 ,) reg>d to ! fir/ inquiry we answ] t ! idea ( ! inf9ite1 z giv5 by ! pan!i/s1 :5 well exam9$1 leads to "o ( two diff]5t conclusions3 #a4 ,ei!r x is ! idea ( f9ite be+1 & consequ5tly requir+ ! exi/5ce ( an inf9ite be+ z its orig94 #b4 ,or1 x is ! idea ( a m]e ab/raction1 an absolute non5tity1 & h5ce lead+ to absolute nihilism4 ,9 bo? cases pan!ism1 in/ead ( resolv+ ! problem1 de/roys x4 ,we %all endeavor to prove bo? ^! propositions1 assum+ z grant$ t ! pr9ciples ( pan!ism are ^! two3 #a4 ,! inf9ite is t ! ess5ce ( :i* lies 9 becom+4 #b4 ,x becomes multiplicity1 t is matt]1 organism1 animality1 etc41 by a necess>y int]ior movem5t4 ,! pan!i/ic idea ( ! inf9ite leads ei!r to ! idea ( ,god giv5 by ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 or to absolute nihilism4 ,prov5 by ! fir/ pr9ciple ( ! pan!i/s4 ,be=e ent]+ ^u ! pro(1 we mu/ lay d[n a few tru?s ( ontology :i* are metaphysically c]ta94 ,fir/ ,pr9ciple4 ,be+ & actuality are "o & ! same ?+4 ,! pro( ( ?is pr9ciple lies 9 ! explanation ( :at actuality really means4 ,n[1 actuality is "o ( ^? ideas1 call$ by logicians simple ideas1 & :i* _c be def9$4 ,we %all endeavor to expla9 x z foll[s4 ,actuality is b a relation ( our m9d4 ,:5 we ?9k ( a be+1 n z yet exi/+1 b aga9/ ! exi/5ce ( :i* we see nei!r an int]ior nor an ext]ior reason1 we call x possible be+2 & ! p]ception ( all ?is1 9 our m9d1 we call ! p]ception ( ! possibility ( a be+4 ,b :5 we ?9k ( ! be+1 n z possible1 b z hav+1 s to speak1 travell$ f possibility to real exi/5ce1 we call t be+ actual2 & ! p]ception ( ! m9d1 ! p]ception ( ! actuality ( a be+4 ,x is evid5t t actuality adds no?+ to be+1 beyond a m]e relation ( our m9d1 :i*1 comp>+ ! be+1 z really exi/+1 ) its possibility1 calls x actual2 because x is exi/5ce 9 act1 9 contradi/9ction to possibility1 :i* is p[] or pot5tiality4 ,actuality1 !n1 & be+ or reality are "o & ! same ?+4 ,second ,pr9ciple4 ,actuality & duration are "o & ! same ?+4 ,an act or be+ :i* does n la/1 n ev5 "o in/ant1 is no?+2 because our m9d _c conceive a be+ to exi/1 & h no duration :atev]4 ,!re=e an act or be+ necess>ily implies duration1 & !y are !re=e "o & ! same ?+4 #cfb ,b x w be rem>k$3 ,are !re no transitory acts8 ,d n all philosoph]s admit ! exi/5ce ( acts :i* are cont9ually *ang+8 ,we answ]1 ,:at is meant by a transitory act8 ,does x mean some?+ :i* is cont9ually *ang+1 s mu* s t none ( its elem5ts has any duration :atev]1 n ev5 = an in/ant2 or does x mean t ! p>ts or mom5ts1 if we may call !m s1 are 9 a /ate ( cont9ual transition8 ,9 bo? cases su* acts d n & _c exi/4 ,be=e demon/rat+ ?is1 we obs]ve t x 0 ! anci5t ,italian s*ool ( ,elea :i*1 be=e e o!r s*ool1 rais$ ! problem ( transi5t acts1 po9t$ out ! great difficulty :i* exi/$ 9 expla9+ _! nature1 & demon/rat$ ! impossibility ( _! exi/5ce4 ,to r5d] ! demon/ration cle>1 we rem>k t a transi5t act may mean ei!r "o ( two ?+s3 an act :i* is compos$ ( diff]5t p>ts1 ea* 9 cont9ual transition2 or an act :i* has a beg9n+1 &1 aft] a c]ta9 duration1 also an end4 ,we admit ! exi/5ce ( su* acts 9 ! second s5se & n 9 ! fir/4 ,= if an act cont9ually *anges1 none ( ! /ates :i* x successively assumes h any duration :atev]4 ,o!rwise x w\ld no long] be a transi5t act 9 ! fir/ s5se4 ,b t :i* has no duration at all _c be consid]$ to exi/4 ,!re=e an act really transi5t _c exi/4 ,:at !n is a transi5t act8 ,we h se5 t x supposes some?+ /&+ or la/+4 ,b :at la/s is imman5t1 t is1 has duration4 ,!re=e a transi5t act c only be ! beg9n+ or end ( an imman5t act1 or1 9 o!r words1 ! beg9n+ or end ( duration4 ,to illu/rate ?is doctr9e by an example3 suppose ,i wi% to draw a l9e on ?is pap]4 ,if all ! po9ts1 ( :i* ! l9e is to be compos$1 7 to disappe> ! v in/ant ,i am draw+ !m1 x is evid5t ,i %\ld nev] h a l9e4 ,likewise1 if all ! /ates1 :i* a transi5t act assumes1 are suppos$ to h no duration :atev]1 ! act also c h no duration1 & h5ce no exi/5ce4 ,a transi5t act1 !n1 is ! beg9n+ or end ( an imman5t act4 ,hav+ laid d[n ! =ego+ propositions1 we come to ! discussion ( ! pan!i/ic idea ( ! inf9ite4 ,:at1 accord+ to pan!ism1 is ! idea ( ! inf9ite8 ,some?+ ! ess5ce ( :i* consi/s 9 becom+1 9 be+ made1 9 fi]i4 ,n[1 we reason ?us3 a be+ ! ess5ce ( :i* lies 9 becom+ means ei!r an act p]man5t & la/+1 capable ( *anges1 or x means some?+ ! ess5tial elem5ts ( :i* are cont9ually *ang+1 & h1 !re=e1 no duration :atev]4 ,if ! la/ supposition be accept$ z describ+ ! pan!i/ic idea ( ! inf9ite1 !n ! inf9ite is a %e] absurdity1 an absolute non5tity4 ,=1 9 ?is case1 ! inf9ite w\ld be a transi5t act1 9 ! s5se t its ess5tial elem5ts are cont9ually *ang+1 & h no duration :atev]4 ,n[ su* acts are absolutely inconceivable4 ,! m9d may put =? its utmo/ ef=ts to =m an idea ( !m1 yet x w ev] be utt]ly at a loss to conceive any?+ ab\t !m4 #cfc ,pan!ism1 on ?is supposition1 w\ld />t f absolute nihilism1 to build up ! exi/5ce ( ev]y?+4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ! second supposition be admitt$1 t ! inf9ite is a p]man5t be+1 capable ( *anges & developm5ts1 !n x is a transi5t act 9 ! second s5se1 t is1 ! beg9n+ or end ( an imman5t act2 9 :i* case we object to its be+ self-exi/+1 & insi/ t x leads to ! admission ( ! idea ( ! inf9ite z giv5 by ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,we demon/rate ?is f ! ontological idea ( imman5t & transi5t acts4 ,if !re be transi5t acts1 !re mu/ also be imman5t acts1 because transi5t acts are ! beg9n+ or end ( imman5t acts4 ,b no imman5t act c be ! cause ( its end1 because no act c\ld be ! cause ( its cessation2 nor c an imman5t act be ! cause ( its own beg9n+1 s9ce 9 t case x w\ld act be=e x exi/$4 ,x foll[s1 !n1 t an imman5t act _c be ! cause ei!r ( its beg9n+ or ( its end4 ,b a transi5t act1 t is1 ! beg9n+ or end ( an imman5t act1 mu/ h a cause1 by ! pr9ciple ( causality4 ,if1 !n1 ! transi5t act is n caus$ by ! imman5t act1 ( :i* x is ei!r ! beg9n+ or ! end1 x mu/ be caus$ by ano!r imman5t act4 ,n[ ?is imman5t act1 :i* causes ! transi5t act1 has ei!r itself a beg9n+1 9 :i* case x w\ld be prec$$ by a transi5t act1 or x has no beg9n+ at all1 & consequ5tly c h no end4 ,if x be caus$ by a transi5t act1 we %\ld be oblig$ to admit ano!r imman5t act2 &1 if we d n wi% to admit an inf9ite s]ies ( causes1 7:i* w\ld by no means resolve ! difficulty1 b only increase x17 we mu/ f9ally /op at an imman5t act :i* has nei!r beg9n+ nor end4 ,if x be n caus$ by a transi5t act1 !n we h already :at we seek =2 an act )\t beg9n+ or end4 ,b1 ! inf9ite ( ! pan!i/s1 if x be n a m]e ab/raction1 an absolute non5tity1 is a transi5t act4 ,!re=e1 x leads to ! admission ( a purely imman5t act4 ,we pres5t ! same demon/ration 9 ano!r =m1 to make x m intelligible4 ,a transi5t act is ! beg9n+ or cessation ( an immman5t act4 ,n[1 ?is beg9n+ or cessation mu/ h a cause1 by ! pr9ciple ( causality4 ,:at c ! cause be8 ,x _c be ! same imman5t act1 ( :i* ! transi5t act is ei!r ! beg9n+ or ! end4 ,because1 if ! imman5t act 7 ! cause ( its beg9n+1 x w\ld act be=e its exi/5ce2 & if x 7 ! cause ( its end1 its action w\ld be simultane\s ) its de/ruction or ext9ction1 :i* is a contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x _c be a transi5t act1 because ?is itself mu/ h a cause4 ,nor c x be ano!r imman5t act1 :i* has a beg9n+ or end2 = 9 t case x w\ld be a transi5t act4 ,!re=e1 x mu/ be a purely imman5t act1 )\t beg9n+ or end4 ,9 %ort1 a self-exi/+ transi5t act1 su* z ! inf9ite ( ! pan!i/s1 is an absurdity1 because ?is d5otes an act :i* gives itself a beg9n+1 or :i* gives itself an end4 ,?is beg9n+ or end mu/ be giv5 x by ano!r4 ,n[1 ?is second is ei!r a purely imman5t act1 )\t beg9n+ or end1 or x has _h a beg9n+1 & may h an end4 ,9 ! fir/ supposition we h ! ,ca?olic idea ( ,god4 ,9 ! second we may multiply ^! causes ad inf9itum1 & ?us increase ad inf9itum ! necessity ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god to expla9 ^? exi/5ces4 #cfd ,we pass to ! exam9ation ( ! second lead+ pr9ciple ( pan!ism1 :i* is ?us express$4 ,! inf9ite1 by a necess>y int]ior movem5t1 becomes multiple4 ,h[ is ?is to be und]/ood8 ,if ! inf9ite ( ! pan!i/s1 by a necess>y int]ior movem5t1 unfolds itself1 & becomes multiple1 x foll[s t x is ! cause ( transi5t acts4 ,our m9d c atta* no o!r signification to t pr9ciple1 beyond t ( an imman5t act1 produc+ transi5t acts4 ,n[ ! "q arises1 ,is ?is ontologically possible8 ,we insi/ t x is n1 & lay d[n ! foll[+ proposition3 ,no be+1 :i* moves or unfolds itself1 t is1 :i* p]=ms transi5t acts1 c d s by its own unaid$ en]gy2 b requires ! aid ( ano!r be+1 diff]5t f itself4 ,an imman5t act :i* produces a transi5t "o does s ei!r by an et]nal act1 also imman5t1 & 9 t case x _c be ! subject ( ! transi5t act produc$2 or x produces a transi5t act ( :i* x is ! subject--s mu* s t ! transi5t act is its own act1 z1 = in/ance1 ! act by :i* a s5sitive be+ feels a new s5sation1 or ! act by :i* an intellig5t be+ begets a ?\ght1 are transi5t acts1 ! "o ( ! s5sitive pr9ciple1 ! o!r ( ! rational be+4 ,^! transi5t acts modify ! subject :i* produces !m1 & effect a *ange 9 x4 ,n[1 9 ! fir/ case1 if an imman5t act :i* produces transi5t acts is et]nal 9 duration1 ^! _c t]m9ate 9 ! subject1 by ! supposition4 ,=1 if ! transi5t act 7 laid inside ! p]man5t act1 x w\ld be its cessation1 & 9 t case ! act w\ld no long] be et]nal accord+ to ! supposition4 ,9 ! second place1 if an imman5t act becomes ! subject ( transi5t acts1 or1 9 o!r words1 modifies itself1 a suffici5t reason mu/ be giv51 a cause ( su* modification1 by ! pr9ciple ( causality4 ,:y does x modify itself8 ,:at is ! cause ( su* a *ange8 ,! be+ or subject1 or imman5t act1 does n conta9 ! suffici5t cause ( ! modification or *ange2 because if x conta9$ x1 ! act produc$ w\ld be p]man5t1 & n transi5t1 t is1 x w\ld h always be5 9 ! imman5t act4 ,= x is a pr9ciple ( ontology ( imm$iate evid5ce t1 giv5 ! full cause1 ! effect foll[s4 ,n[ ! imman5t act 9 "q 0 be=e ! transi5t act exi/$2 !re=e1 ! imman5t act is n full & suffici5t cause ( ! transi5t act :i* modifies x4 ,if x is n ! full & suffici5t cause ( its modification1 x _c modify itself )\t ! aid ( ext]ior be+4 ,n[1 ?is ext]ior be+ _c be suppos$ to be ( ! same nature ) ! act 9 "q1 o!rwise x w\ld itself require aid4 ,!re=e1 x mu/ be a be+ :i* does x by an et]nal imman5t act2 & t ,be+ is ! ,inf9ite ( ,ca?olic philosophy4 ,apply ?is demon/ration to ! second pr9ciple ( pan!ism1 t ! inf9ite1 by a necess>y int]ior movem5t1 unfolds & develops itself1 or modifies itself1 x is evid5t t ?is second pr9ciple1 l ! fir/1 is ontologically impossible2 t ! inf9ite mu/ ei!r be purely1 simply1 & et]nally actual1 or x _c develop itself )\t ! aid ( ano!r be+ ( a diff]5t nature2 consequ5tly t ! second pan!i/ic pr9ciple is no?+ else b ! idea ( f9ite be+ p]fect+ itself by ! aid ( ! ,inf9ite ( ,ca?olic philosophy4 ,9 ord] t ?is conclusion may appe> m evid5t1 we subjo9 ano!r argum5t1 m adapt$ to ! compreh5sion ( mo/ read]s4 #cfe ,accord+ to ! pan!i/ic hypo!sis1 ! inf9ite1 by a necess>y int]ior action1 is =c$ to exp&1 to develop itself4 ,n[1 we want to %[ t ?is x _c d by its unaid$ en]gy4 ,we prove x ?us3 ,?is action ( ! inf9ite is a movem5t2 we make use ( ! ^w movem5t 9 its wide/ signification1 z mean+ any action :atev]4 ,n[1 ?is movem5t ei!r exi/$ always 9 ! inf9ite or x _h a beg9n+4 ,9 ! sy/em ( ! pan!i/s x has a beg9n+1 because !y hold t ! inf9ite successively assumes diff]5t =ms4 ,!re 0 !n a "t 9 :i* x did n move4 ,!n ! inf9ite _h only ! p[]1 & n ! act ( mov+2 & :5 x did move1 x pass$ f ! p[] to ! act4 ,x w n d = ! pan!i/ to endeavor to avoid ?is conclusion by say+ t ! movem5t ( ! inf9ite is et]nal4 ,conc$+ t ! movem5t is et]nal1 we ask1 is ! action only "o1 or is x multiple8 ,9 o!r words1 is ! full int5sity ( its en]gy conc5trat$ 9 "o movem5t1 or is x divid$8 ,! pan!i/ _c1 9 =ce ( 8 sy/em1 admit t ! :ole int5sity ( its en]gy is conc5trat$ 9 a s+le movem5t2 o!rwise1 ! successive unfold+s 7 impossible2 ! unfold+ w\ld be in/antane\s1 & n successive4 ,! inf9ite1 !n1 9 its successive unfold+s1 passes f ! p[] to ! act4 ,n[1 x is an ontological pr9ciple1 z evid5t z any axiom ( ,euclid1 t no be+ c pass f ! p[] to ! act1 f quiet to movem5t1 b by ! aid ( ano!r be+ already 9 act4 ,= p[] is1 9 relation to action1 z re/ is to movem5t4 ,if ! be+ is 9 re/1 x _c be 9 movem5t2 if1 on ! contr>y1 x is 9 movem5t1 x _c be 9 re/4 ,likewise1 if ! be+ is suppos$ to act1 x _c1 at ! same "t1 be suppos$ to be 9 pot5tiality4 ,a be+ 9 p[] & action1 ) reg>d to ! same effects1 is z mu* a contradiction z a be+ 9 re/ & motion at ! same "t4 ,to make ?is m intelligible1 let u take an in/ance4 ,suppose ! se$ ( a tree1 say ( a lemon3 ?is se$ is 9 pot5tiality to become a lemon4 ,b x c\ld nev] ( itself become a lemon2 because1 if x c\ld1 x 7 already a lemon2 x 7 a lemon1 n 9 p[] only1 b 9 act4 ,to become a lemon x mu/ be buri$ 9 ! e>?1 x mu/ g ?r\gh ! :ole process ( vegetation1 & assimilate to itself :atev] x ne$s f ! e>? & ! air & ! sun2 & n until !n c x be ! fruit-tree we call lemon4 ,no be+1 !n1 c pass f ! p[] to ! act1 except by ! aid ( ano!r be+ :i* is 9 act4 ,n[1 ! inf9ite ( ! pan!i/ is cont9ually pass+ f ! p[] to ! act2 f be+ indef9ite & indet]m9ate1 x becomes limit$ & det]m9ate4 ,!re=e x _c d s b by ! ag5cy ( ano!r be+1 :i* is all action & no pot5tiality4 ,?is be+ is ,god4 ,we h exam9$ ! fir/ pr9ciple ( pan!ism ) reg>d to ! inf9ite1 & we h se5 t a be+ ! ess5ce ( :i* lies 9 be+ made1 9 becom+1 ei!r means some?+ ! ess5tial elem5ts ( :i* are cont9ually *ang+1 s mu* s z to h no duration :atev]1 or x means a be+ :i* has a beg9n+ & may h an end4 ,9 ! fir/ case1 ! inf9ite ( ! pan!i/ w\ld be a m]e absurdity1 a pure ab/raction4 ,9 ! second1 x expresses no?+ else b ! idea ( a f9ite be+1 & leads to ! exi/5ce ( a purely imman5t be+ or act4 #cff ,proce$+ to discuss ! second pr9ciple ( pan!ism1 t ! inf9ite1 by a necess>y1 int]ior movem5t1 unfolds itself1 we h demon/rat$ t ?is is impossible2 t1 grant+ ! possibility ( ! inf9ite unfold+ itself successively1 ?is x c\ld nev] d by its own unaid$ en]gy1 b requires ! help ( ano!r be+4 ,t1 consequ5tly1 ! second pr9ciple ( ! pan!i/s leads also to ! idea ( ,god z propos$ by ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,z a coroll>y foll[+ f ! :ole discussion1 we draw ! conclusion t ! inf9ite is utt]ly inconceivable1 unless x is suppos$ to be mo/ p]fect1 mo/ f9i%$ reality1 if we may speak ?us2 t x is altoge!r absurd1 unless x is suppos$ to be pure actuality1 )\t ! lea/ mixture ( pot5tiality2 9 a ^w1 pure1 simple action itself2 9 ! language ( ! s*oolm51 actus purissimus4 ,! discussion ( ! pan!i/ic idea ( ! inf9ite has l$ u to ! ma9 idea ( ! inf9ite z x is giv5 by ,ca?olic philosophy4 ,we %all n[ proce$ to fill up ?is idea & develop x to its utmo/ conclusions1 s z to give an exact & full exposition ( ! doctr9e ( ! inf9ite1 z propos$ by ,ca?olic philosophy4 ,! result ( our discussion has be5 t ! ,inf9ite1 or ,god1 is action itself2 or1 9 o!r words1 pure actuality1 an imman5t act )\t beg9n+ or end4 ,^u ?is we %all build ! :ole con/ruction ( ! ess5tial attributes & p]fections ( ,god1 & admire h[ consi/5t1 h[ logical1 h[ sublime1 is ! ,ca?olic idea ( ! ,inf9ite4 ,i4 ,god ,is ,necess>y ,be+4 ,necess>y be+ is t ! ess5ce ( :i* is "o & ! same ?+ ) its exi/5ce2 &1 vice v]sa1 ! exi/5ce ( :i* is "o & ! same ?+ ) ! ess5ce1 s mu* s t ! idea ( ! "o implies ! idea ( ! o!r4 ,b ,god's ess5ce is to be2 = we h se5 t he is actuality or reality itself4 ,!re=e1 ,god is necess>y or self-exi/+ be+4 ,h5ce ! sublime def9ition he gave ( himself to ,moses3 ,i am ,,:o am4 ,he :o is s5t me to y4 ,,ii4 ,god ,is ,et]nal4 ,et]nity is duration )\t succession or *ange2 duratio tota simul1 z ! s*oolm5 w\ld say4 ,h5ce x excludes ! idea ei!r ( beg9n+ or end4 ,b duration & actuality are "o & ! same ?+4 ,!re=e actuality itself is duration itself2 t is to say1 duration )\t succession or *ange4 ,n[1 ,god is actuality itself4 ,!re=e he is et]nal4 ,,iii4 ,god ,is ,immutable4 ,immutability is life )\t succession or *ange2 or1 9 o!r words1 life )\t beg9n+ or end1 & )\t be+ subject to modifications4 ,n[ life is action4 ,action !n1 )\t succession or *ange1 is immutability4 ,god is action itself4 ,!re=e ,god is immutable4 #cfg ,,iv4 ,god ,is ,inf9ite4 ,inf9ity is be+ itself ) ! exclusion ( limits1 t is1 ( n be+2 or1 to express ourselves m intelligibly1 x is be+ or p]fection 9 its utmo/ & supreme/ actuality1 exclud+ ! possibility ( any successive actualization1 = ! reason ( its be+ already all possible actualization4 ,human language is s imp]fect & s inadequate t1 ev5 9 our ef=ts to avoid 9 ! def9ition ( ! inf9ite all idea ( succession or developm5t1 we are =c$ to make use ( words :i* seem to suppose x4 ,^? :o are tra9$ to ?9k logically w grasp ! idea )\t mu* ef=t2 = ! words be+ itself1 to ! exclusion ( n be+ or limitation1 suffici5tly & adequately def9e ! inf9ite4 ,n[1 ,god1 z action itself1 is be+ itself4 ,!re=e1 ,god is inf9ite4 ,v4 ,imm5sity ,is ,! ,pres5ce ,( ,! ,:ole ,be+ ,( ,god ,9 ,8 ,actions4 ,?is def9ition ( imm5sity1 be+ some:at diff]5t 9 words f t commonly giv5 by metaphysicians1 requires explanation4 ,let ! read]1 !n1 pay p>ticul> att5tion to ! foll[+ rem>ks4 ,ubiquity implies resid5ce ( be+ 9 space1 bo? spiritual & mat]ial4 ,by spiritual space we mean ! exi/5ce ( diff]5t creat$ spirits & no?+ m4 ,by mat]ial space we mean ! ext5sion ( matt]4 ,t ,god c act on or reside 9 spiritual be+s does n involve any difficulty4 ,b h[ c he reside 9 mat]ial space1 space prop]ly s call$8 ,x is evid5t t a spiritual be+ _c dwell 9 space by a contact ( ext5sion1 s9ce spiritual be+ is ! v opposite ( ext5sion4 ,!re=e1 a spiritual be+ c only dwell 9 space by act+ on x4 ,! pres5ce ( ! :ole be+ ( ,god 9 ! action by :i* he creates1 su/a9s1 & acts 9 spiritual & mat]ial space1 is ubiquity4 ,imm5sity is ! pres5ce ( ! :ole be+ ( ,god 9 8 action4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two lies 9 ?is3 t ubiquity implies a relation to creat$ objects1 :]eas imm5sity implies no su* relation4 ,we say1 !n1 ! pres5ce ( ! :ole be+ ( ,god 9 8 action1 because ,god is pure actuality1 action itself4 ,if1 !re=e1 9 8 action we did n suppose ! pres5ce ( 8 :ole be+1 we %\ld e/abli% a division 9 ,god2 t is1 we %\ld suppose 8 be+ & 8 action to be di/9ct1 :i* !y are n1 & ?is di/9ction w\ld imply a developm5t 9 ,god1 :i* is contr>y to 8 be+ action or actuality itself4 ,x w easily be rem>k$ t imm5sity is an attribute :i* fl[s imm$iately f ! idea ( ,god be+ actuality itself4 ,we may !re=e conclude t he is imm5se4 ,,vi4 ,god ,is ,absolute ,simplicity4 ,absolute simplicity1 9 its negative aspect1 implies ! abs5ce ( all possible composition or di/9ction 9 a be+2 ! di/9ction1 = in/ance1 ( ess5ce & exi/5ce1 ( faculties & attributes4 ,n[1 ,god is pure actuality1 & ?is excludes all idea ( su* di/9ctions4 ,!re=e1 ,god is simplicity itself4 ,,vii4 ,god ,is ,"o4 ,god is a necess>y be+1 et]nal1 immutable1 inf9ite1 imm5se1 all ( :i* are sides ( "o idea--t ( pure actuality4 #cfh ,n[1 su* a be+ c be b "o1 z is evid5t to e m9d :i* und]/&s ! t]ms4 ,god is !re=e "o4 ,be=e we leave ?is "p ( ! subject1 let u comp>e bo? ! pan!i/ic & ! ,ca?olic ideas ( ,god1 s t1 :5 br\ght toge!r face to face1 !y may appe> 9 a bett] & m di/9ct light4 ,god1 accord+ to ! pan!i/s1 is an et]nal1 self-exi/+ some?+1 devoid ( all det]m9ation or limit1 ( all individuality1 ( all consci\sness1 ( all p]sonality1 ( all %ape or =m4 ,:5 well exam9$1 ! pr9ciple ( ! pan!i/s pres5ts no o!r idea to ! m9d ?an t ( possibility1 a k9d ( self-exi/5t possibility1 if we may br+ toge!r two t]ms :i* exclude ea* o!r4 ,/>t+ f ?is possibility1 ! pan!i/s make x acquire det]m9ation1 concret5ess1 consci\sness1 p]sonality1 by suppos+ an int]ior necess>y =ce ( developm5t4 ,! ,ca?olic idea ( ,god is ! v opposite ( ! pan!i/ic4 ,=1 :]eas !y make ,god a possibility1 some?+ t is becom+1 to be made2 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* exhibits him z reality1 actuality1 be+ itself4 ,x is c>eful to elim9ate f him ! lea/ idea ( pot5tiality or possibility1 ( becom+ some?+1 or ( be+ subject to developm5t or p]fection2 because x insi/s t ,god is all reality1 p]fectly & absolutely actual4 ,any idea ( fur!r p]fection is n only to be exclud$ f him1 b _c ev5 be conceiv$2 = ! simple reason t he is all p]fection1 absolute1 et]nal p]fection4 ,t ?is is ! only reasonable idea ( ,god is evid5t to e m9d :i* is capable ( und]/&+ ! t]ms4 ,= happily x does n require a long & difficult demon/ration to prove ! falsehood & absurdity ( ! pan!i/ic1 & ! tru? ( ! ,ca?olic1 idea ( ,god4 ,! und]/&+ ( ! t]ms is q suffici5t4 ,:oev] says possibility1 excludes1 by ! v =ce ( ! t]m1 exi/5ce & reality4 ,a self-exi/5t possibility is a contradiction 9 t]ms2 = possibility excludes exi/5ce1 & self-exi/5ce implies x necess>ily4 ,an et]nal possibility is also a contradiction 9 t]ms2 = et]nity excludes all succession or mutation1 & possibility implies x4 ,an inf9ite possibility is yet m absurd2 because inf9ite means absolute reality & actuality2 possibility1 on ! contr>y1 implies only p[] ( be+4 ,b1 on ! contr>y1 h[ logical1 h[ consi/5t1 h[ gr&1 & h[ con=mable to all ontological pr9ciples is ! idea ( ,god held by ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*6 ,god is absolute1 pure1 unmix$ actuality & reality4 ,!re=e he is self-exi/+ be+ itself2 !re=e he is et]nal1 because pure actuality is at ! same "t pure duration2 !re=e he is immutable1 s9ce pure actuality excludes all *ange & developm5t2 !re=e he is inf9ite1 because he is be+ itself1 ! ess5tial be+1 ! be+2 !re=e he is simplicity itself1 because a di/9ction w\ld imply a composition1 & all composition is reject$ by actuality mo/ pure1 s to speak1 unalloy$1 unmix$4 ,! ,god ( ! pan!i/ is a nullity1 a negation2 ! ,god ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is really ! ,inf9ite4 ,he is 9 himself :atev] is real & actual 9 _s1 :atev] is real & positive 9 matt]1 :atev] is real & positive 9 ! ess5ce ( all creatures4 ,b he has all ! reality ( _s )\t its limitation2 all ! reality ( matt] )\t its limitation2 all ! reality ( all creatures )\t _! limitation4 ,all ?is reality 9 him is n su* & su* reality2 b he is all reality1 pure1 unmix$ reality1 )\t limit & )\t di/9ction4 #cfi ,:at leads ! pan!i/s into ! admission ( _! pr9ciple is a false1 wrong idea ( ! inf9ite4 ,!y suppose1 & suppose rightly1 t ! inf9ite mu/ conta9 all reality2 & see+ ar\nd !m su* a multitude ( diff]5t be+s or creatures1 ea* "o ) its p>ticul> diff]5ce & individualization1 !y ask !mselves ! "q1 ,h[ c all ^! diff]5ces be conc5trat$ 9 "o be+8--! inf9ite--& 9 endeavor+ to resolve x !y admit a fir/ some?+ undef9$1 indet]m9ate1 :i* assumes gradually all ^! diff]5t =ms4 ,:at is ?is b a v mat]ial & vulg> idea ( ! inf9ite8 ,t x 0 ! idea ( ! fir/ :o began to philosophize is intelligible4 ,b t mod]n philosoph]s %\ld h no high] compreh5sion ( ! inf9ite1 t !y %\ld n conceive h[ ! inf9ite c be all reality1 9 its be+ )\t di/9ction1 composition1 *ange1 or succession1 is q inconceivable2 & is mu* less ?an we %\ld expect f m5 boa/+ s l\dly ( _! enlight5m5t4 ,let !m he> a ,ca?olic philosoph] ( ! middle ages ^u ! subject4 ,aft] hav+ demon/rat$ t :atev] is real 9 ! creature is to be f\nd 9 ,god z ! inf9ite & mo/ p]fect1 he proposes ! o!r "q1 ,h[ c all ^! p]fections be f\nd 9 ,god8 & he answ]s1 t !y are necess>ily to be f\nd 9 ,god1 b 9 a mo/ simple mann]1 z "o & s+le p]fection4 ,we subjo9 8 words3 ,f :at we h said1 x evid5tly foll[s t ! p]fections ( creatures are ess5tially unifi$ 9 ,god4 ,= we h %[n t ,god is simple4 ,n[1 :]e !re is simplicity !re _c be f\nd div]sity 9 ! int]ior ( ! be+4 ,if1 !n1 all ! p]fections ( creatures are to be f\nd 9 ! inf9ite1 x is impossible t !y c\ld be !re ) _! diff]5ces4 ,x foll[s1 !n1 t !y mu/ be 9 him z ,,"o4 ,?is becomes evid5t1 if we reflect ^u :at takes place 9 ! faculties ( compreh5sion4 ,= a sup]ior p[] grasps1 by "o & ! same act ( compreh5sion1 all ^? ?+s kn[n1 "u diff]5t po9ts ( view1 by inf]ior p[]s4 ,9 fact1 ! intellig5ce judges1 by a unique & simple act1 all ! p]ceptions ( sight1 ( he>+1 & ( ! o!r s5ses4 ,! same occurs 9 sci5ces3 al?\gh inf]ior sci5ces are v>i\s 9 virtue ( _! diff]5t objects1 !re is1 h[ev]1 9 !m all a sup]ior sci5ce :i* embraces all1 & :i* is call$ transc5d5tal philosophy4 ,! same ?+ happ5s ) relation to au?ority4 ,= 9 ! royal au?ority1 :i* is "o1 are includ$ all ! o!r subord9ate au?orities1 :i* are divid$ = ! gov]nm5t ( ! k+dom4 ,x is ?us necess>y t ! p]fections ( inf]ior creatures1 :i* are multipli$ accord+ to ! diff]5ce ( be+s1 be f\nd toge!r z "o1 9 ! pr9ciple ( all ?+s--,god6 ,footnote #acb ,footnote #acb3 ,/ ,?omas's ,comp5dium ,!ologiae1 cap4 #bb4 ---------- #cgj ,! ,"r ,pa? f\nd ?r\gh ! ,great ,sn[4 ,! drift+1 wide-spread sn[/orm ( ,janu>y #ag?1 #ahfg1 w live 9 ! memory ( ! olde/ inhabitant among ! /range ?+s ( t ev5tful ye>4 ,x confirm$ 9 its dep? & fulness ! weird /ories ( our gr&sires1 :i* our lat] ye>s _h come to look ^u z my?s2 ( b5ight$ travell]s buri$ 9 drifts t cov]$ h\ses2 ( common roads only made passable by ar*ways cut ?r\gh ! :ite heaps2 ( h\ses :]e ! only egress 0 by ! upp] w9d[s1 or p]haps ! *imneys4 ,among ! multitudes :o f\nd !mselves sn[-b\nd on t memorable ,?ursday a=esaid1 ,i 0 %ut up to ! cold com=t ( a c\ntry inn1 9 a bleak1 m\nta9\s di/rict1 :]e ,i _h arriv$ ! previ\s ev5+ ) ! int5tion ( sp5d+ only a night & day2 less1 if ! bus9ess t br\ght me c\ld be transact$ 9 a %ort] "t4 ,i _h engag$ ! p>lor & b$-room adjo9+1 t ,i might occupy myself ) necess>y writ+ un9t]rupt$ by any *ance arrival4 ,! dim5sions ( my suite ( ap>tm5ts 7 small1 & ! furniture ( ! pla9e/ k9d2 a d+y c>pet cov]$ ! floor1 & gre5 & yell[ pap] adorn$ ! walls4 ,! brilliancy ( ! t\t ensemble 0 height5$ by a s]ies ( co>se1 highly-color$ plates1 repres5t+ ! life ( ! prodigal son 9 all its phases1 & an equally radiant family tree1 lad5 ) :at 0 int5d$ to repres5t tropical fruits1 9 r$ & yell[1 ! oranges be>+ ! names & dates ( ! female memb]s ( ! family1 & ! lemons ^? ( ! males2 a v sugge/ive picture c]ta9ly1 & "o t told "s que] tales ( my l&lord's family1 ,fox's ,book ( ,m>tyrs & an almanac = '#ff 7 ! only books ! room furni%$4 ,! *airs 7 ( ! /iffe/ patt]n1 arrang$ 9 fun]eal ord] ar\nd ! sides ( ! ap>tm5t1 ) a notable exception 9 a l>ge /uff$ arm-*air1 ( ! old5 times1 :i* ,i drew be=e ! op5 grate pil$ ) blaz+ peat4 ,t fire 0 a com=t inde$4 ,a sight almo/ lo/ 9 ^! days 9 ,new ,engl&2 x help$ me to =get1 9 its beautiful v>iations1 ! da%+ appe>ance ( ! y\? pictur$ on ! walls1 & ! cruel plates & malici\s lies ( ! ,engli% m>tyrologi/4 ,little did ,i dream1 z ,i arrang$ my plans = ! next day1 ( ! *ange t w\ld come ov] ! out] _w :ile ,i slept1 al?\gh !re 7 already signs ( a com+ /orm4 ,i look$ f my w9d[s 9 ! morn+1 ?r\gh ! l>ge elms1 heavy ) ! accumulat+ weight1 across ! road & opposite fields :i* ! sn[ _h swept into "o broad expanse ( :it5ess1 obscur+ l&m>ks & oblit]at+ f5ces1 & :i* ! furi\s w9d 0 n[ la%+ into bill[s1 all dead :ite1 save :]e ,"s d>k rav9e ,took %ad[1 or ! sombre gre5 ,( hemlocks turn$ to pit*y black ,aga9/ ! :it5ess at _! back4 #cga ,to be sn[-b\nd may be v nice 9 a l>ge1 well-ord]$ h\sehold2 b 9 solitude1 ) nei!r books nor companions1 & ) ! remembrance ( a family f> away1 :o p]*ance may j !n ne$ y\r /\t arm to release !m f a l imprisonm5t1 x is n a *e]ful position2 & ,i c\ld n repress a sigh z ,i gaz$ ov] ! trackless way1 rememb]+ t ,i 0 five miles f a railroad /ation1 9 a small upl& village1 n fam\s = ! ent]prise ( ! inhabitants4 ,! sigh 0 sc>cely brea!d :51 on ! conf9es ( ! opposite mead[1 ,i espi$ two figures /ruggl+ aga9/ ! elem5ts1 evid5tly int5t on work+ _! way to ! inn ?r\gh ! t]rible drifts4 ,x 0 we>y "w2 = !y fell & arose aga9 (t51 dur+ ! %ort "t ,i wat*$ !m be=e ha/5+ to ! old l&lord1 :o 0 smok+ 8 pipe :]e 0 once ! b>room1 & dream+ ov] ! visions ( 8 long-gone y\?4 ,z soon z ! purpose ( my call 0 kn[n1 he summon$ ?ree /\t labor]s f ! kit*51 :]e !y 7 rejoic+ ) ! maids ov] ! prospect ( an idle day1 & bade !m g at once to ! relief ( ! travell]s4 ,i grew impati5t ) ! long delay ( ! s]vants1 ! m z b "o ( ! two m5 0 to be se5 brea/+ ! /orm2 ! o!r mu/ h fall54 ,=gett+ my delicate lungs & small physique1 ,i donn$ my ov]coat & hat1 &1 =tifi$ ) a flask ( br&y1 ha/5$ to ! rescue1 reflect+ t bra9s are (t5 z useful z muscle 9 an em]g5cy4 ,! m successful travell]1 a /\t son ( gre5 ,er91 0 q exhau/$ :5 we rea*$ him2 b he f\nd brea? to articulate1 9 answ] to our inquiries = 8 companion3 ,inde$1 he fell ne> ! big tree4 ,oh6 he be's a real g9tleman4 ,! in=m] 0 convey$ to ! h\se by two ( ! m51 :ile ) :at seem$ to me sup]natural /r5g?1 ,i made my way ) ! ?ird t[>d ! a=esaid big tree1 walk+ on ! drifts :]e ! /\t] man w5t d[n1 & ?\gh ! /rong1 ke5 nor?we/ w9d ne>ly took away my brea?1 & ! sleet almo/ bl9d$ me1 ,i 0 fir/ on ! spot4 ,x seem$ to me two h\rs1 ?\gh x 0 less ?an half t "t1 f ! mom5t :5 ,i lift$ ! head ( ! fall5 man & succe$$ 9 p\r+ into 8 m\? a spoonful ( br&y1 till we l&$ ) our burd5 at ! door ( ! inn4 ,!re 0 some?+ 9 my fir/ glance ^u t cold1 h&some face t came to me l a dream ( e>ly days--some?+ t claim$ k9dr$ ) ! associations ( my y\?4 ,by ! mo!rly solicitude ( ! l&lady ,i knew t he w\ld be spe$ily resuscitat$1 &1 pro/rat$ by my ex]tions1 ,i 0 leav+ him 9 h] c>e1 :5 ,i /oop$ to rea* ! hat ( ! g5tleman f ! floor :]e x _h be5 ?r[n1 :5 ,i saw ! "n ,r$wood ,r4 ,hood1 writt5 9 ! cr[n4 ,imm$iately ,i knew :y ,i _h be5 impress$ ) 8 face1 & turn+ to t =m ov] :i* /rang]s 7 b5d+ ) curi\s gaze ,i said p]emptorily1 ,take ! g5tleman to my room2 he is a fri5d ( m9e2 &1 ,mrs4 ,s----1 ,i add$ to ! l&lady1 :o look$ incr$ul\s1 ) y\r help we c v soon re/ore ! circulation1 & he w h m quiet !re ?an "h4 ,i w n ent] into ! process ( resuscitation2 let x suffice t by ev5+ my fri5d 0 ! occupant ( ! l>ge arm-*air be=e ! piles ( burn+ peat1 & we _h gone ov] ! ye>s int]v5+ betwe5 u1 ) ! circum/ances ( our meet+ aga9 9 a summ>y mann]1 & we n[ sat 9 ! e>ly twilight quietly look+ at "o ano!r4 #cgb ,! 'wolf' sn[ came ne> dev\r+ little ',r$ ,rid+ ,hood' ?is "t1 ,i said1 bur/+ into a laugh aga9 at ! joy\s memories t "n recall$4 ,ev5 s1 repli$ ! pale figure opposite1 & ,i owe my life to y1 ,william ,dewey1 ! 'billet d\x' ( e>ly days4 ,happy h\rs ( our y\?6 he add$1 almo/ regretfully4 ,yes1 !y 7 happy1 ,i respond$1 ev5 ) all _! drawbacks2 yet :at d y ?9k n[ ( ! s]mons ( two h\rs 9 l5g? fill$ ) ! /rong meat ( total depravity1 election1 inability1 =eord9ation1 & reprobation1 to :i* we 7 "u bonds to li/5 & to give a reha% at home1 & ! t$i\s pray]s :i* we 7 oblig$ to take all /&+2 a mu* m respectful attitude1 h[ev]1 ?an ! l\ng+1 sitt+ po/ure ( ! pres5t g5]ation ( ! s-call$ or?odox8 ,d y rememb]1 he said1 a smile spread+ all ov] 8 face1 :5 we 7 at ,p>son ,freewill's s*ool 9 ,l----1 9 ! old meet+-h\se ) ! squ>e pews1 ) seats t lift$ :5 ! congregation arose = pray]1 & ! vigor\s slam we gave ! cov]s :5 we reseat$ ourselves8 ,i ?9k t p[]ful /roke r comp5sat$ = ! l5g? ( ! pray]2 x 0 some?+ to look =w>d to4 ,b my mo/ fe>ful remembrance is ! h\r aft] supp] devot$ to ! ,assembly's ,cate*ism4 ,i c see my poor aunt n[1 %ak+ h] grey curls ov] ! old family ,bible1 f :i* %e 0 endeavor+ to prove to me ! words ( ! ,cate*ism :i* said ,i _h lo/ all communion ) ,god1 0 "u 8 wra? & curse1 & s made liable to all ! mis]ies ( ?is life & ! pa9s ( hell = ev]1 & t ?r\gh no fault ( m9e2 b t su* 0 ! corruption ( my nature t ,i 0 utt]ly indispos$ & made opposite unto all t is spiritually good1 & :olly incl9$ to evil1 & t cont9ually6 7,vide ,cate*ism ( ,we/m9/] ,assembly47 ,h[ is x possible y h y\r cate*ism at y\r tongue's end ev5 at ?is date8 ,i repli$4 ,really ,i d\bt if ,i c\ld repeat an answ] correctly2 b ,i ?ank ,god :o has br\ght me out ( su* t]rible d>kness4 ,!n y h escap$8 he inquir$1 putt+ out 8 h& to grasp m9e2 y1 a deacon's son1 br\ght up 9 ! v mid/ ( ',brim/one ,corn]'6 ,well1 well6 ,i mu/ believe ! age ( miracles has n pass$1 = ?is _c be any?+ less ?an a miracle6 ,yes1 a miracle inde$1 ,i repli$ gravely4 ,a d\ble miracle1 t ,i escap$1 & am at la/ an*or$4 ,an*or$6 he exclaim$ incr$ul\sly1 d tell me :]e y c f9d bottom aft] su* uproot+4 ,:]e y w p]haps despise me m ?an if ,i _h be5 cont5t to walk ! ,calv9i/ic rut ?r\gh life1 0 my reply1 z ,i gave into 8 h& my pray]-book4 ,he exam9$ x ) curiosity & surprise4 ,a ,ca?olic6 a ,roman ,ca?olic6 he exclaim$ at l5g?1 ) a %ade ( :at ,i ?\ght savor$ ( contempt 9 ! tone ( 8 voice2 y1 ,william ,dewey1 son ( ,deacon ,norman ,dewey1 ( ! puritanical city ( ,bo/on1 y a ,papi/6 ,excuse me if ,i _c help say+1 x seems to me1 'out ( ! fry+-pan into ! fire4' ,& pray1 may ,i ask :]e y f9d y\rself religi\sly8 ,i said2 m5 ( our ye>s1 aft] ! fifties1 ought to be fix$ some:]e4 #cgc ,on ! o!r pole f y\rself1 he repli$ quickly2 ,i believe 9 no cre$1 no *ur*1 no-- ,no ,god8 ,i que/ion$1 a little satirically4 ,a great fir/ cause1 c]ta9ly1 he said sl[ly4 ,yes1 ! ,god 9 ev]y?+1 ',jehovah1 ,jove1 or ,"l1' ! true ,%ek9ah is man4 ,b let u n m> ?is pleasant reunion ) discussions4 ,) y\r fix$ fai?1 y c h no sympa?y religi\sly ) "o ! pride ( ^: cre$ is1 t x is *ang+ daily1 :olly unfix$ & afloat4 ,!re y mi/ake1 ,i repli$ e>ne/ly4 ,i c & d mo/ he>tily sympa?ize ) y2 = ,i float$ = ye>s on t same wa/e ( wat]s--t %oreless sea ( d\bt4 ,is x possible6 & came at la/ :]e y are8 ,i "k no?+ ab\t ! ,ca?olic fai?1 ,i mu/ own1 f actual /udy1 & f :at ,i h he>d ,i did n ?9k x w\ld be> exam9ation2 b !re mu/ be some?+ 9 x if x has caught y1 &1 if y l1 x w\ld give me pleasure to he> ! process3 b p]haps y w object8 ,n at all1 ,i repli$1 b x w\ld take me all night to tell y ! c\rse ,i run 9 ?is matt]1 & fatigue y aft] y\r misadv5ture to li/54 ,i ?9k x w\ld d me good1 he said m e>ne/ly ?an he _h yet spok52 ,i am really impress$ ) a desire to "k h[ su* a trans=mation c\ld take place1 & y come to embrace :at y 7 br\ght up to hate4 ,z to my /r5g? & ability to li/51 ,i am ab\t z well z usual1 b miss my tobacco sadly4 ,my me]s*aum probably lies 9 ! drift t _h ne>ly be5 my w9d+-%eet4 ,i w5t to ! hall & despat*$ a s]vant1 :o soon return$ ) a box ( clay pipes & tobacco 9 "o h&1 & ! miss+ me]s*aum 9 ! o!r4 ,we mu/ be 9 a rem>kably primitive region to f9d ?is aga91 & )\t rew>d1 he cri$1 look+ t5d]ly at ! old fri5d4 ,n[ g on1 he add$1 aft] ! fir/ puff2 beg9 at ! beg9n+1 :]e y us$ to be flogg$ ab\t e ,sunday = go+ reluctantly to cate*ism4 ,oh6 if !re is any "o ?+ m ?an ano!r t upset t old cross-gra9$ !ology ( our *ildhood1 x 0 ^? dread$ ,sundays2 :51 aft] two sessions ( ,sunday-s*ool1 two long s]mons1 & an h\r's sitt+ on ! ,we/m9/] ,div9es1 we 7 all[$ "s spiritual sug>-plums 9 ! %ape ( ! ,memoir ( ,na?an ,dick]man1 ,life ( ,mrs4 ,h>riet ,newell1 or "s o!r que/ionable sa9t4 ,y\rs 0 a l>ge family at home1 & did n feel :at x 0 to be ! sole recipi5t ( ! full vials ( reprobation4 ,:at sav$ u f be+ arrant hypocrites or op5 infidels8 ,?\gh ,i que/ion$ 9 my own m9d h[ f> my fri5d's religion 0 f infidelity1 ,i repli$1 ,! fact t we felt t our tea*]s' he>ts 7 bett] ?an _! cre$2 = surely nev] did !re exi/ a man m free f e ta9t ( hypocrisy ?an my honor$ fa!r1 :o held t5aci\sly to ! five articles agre$ to by ! ,synod ( ,dort1 :i* repres5t$ mo/ ( ! ,calv9i/ic *ur*es ( ,europe1 look$ ^u ,calv9's ,in/itutes z b9d+ next to ! ,bible1 & ,i believe wor%ipp$ ?is t]rible ,god 9 :om he believ$ ) ! mo/ e>ne/ fai?4 #cgd ,& y a ,ca?olic6 he said1 /rik+ 8 h&s toge!r4 ,excuse me if ,i repeat :at ,i said4 ,i _c see h[ y h bett]$ ! matt]1 s9ce ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* holds to total depravity & =eorn9ation1 & moreov] excludes all f any hope ( salvation :o d n b[ _! necks to h] yoke4 ,excuse me = flatly contradict+ y1 b ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* does n hold ! doctr9e ( ! total depravity ( ! human race2 on ! contr>y1 %e ev] tea*es t man did n lose by ! ,fall ! image ( ,god1 or 8 own free w1 or ! p[]s ( 8 reason4 ,b y ask$ me h[ ,i became a ,ca?olic4 ,i am m int]e/$ 9 tell+ y t ?an 9 refut+ :at h] enemies say ( ! *ur*1 because t y c f9d 9 books any day2 b y mu/ all[ me to e*o y\r surprise :5 ,i see a l>ge1 e>ne/ s\l l y\rs satisfi$ ) a simple negation ( fai?4 ,satisfi$6 if by satisfaction y mean c]ta9ty1 ,i say no2 = ,i d n believe x is to be f\nd4 ,! be/1 ,i f9d1 is to foll[ ! light t comes to me1 he add$1 )1 ,i ?\ght1 a %ade ( sadness 9 8 tone2 ,i broke ! fett]s ( ,calv9ism ) a b\nd1 & :5 ,i _h />t$1 !re 0 no?+ = me to d b to cut loose f ev]y?+ traditional1 & re/ solely on reason4 ,b tell me ( y\rself1 = any man :o is 9 e>ne/1 ?9k+ = himself1 ,i respect1 be he ,mormon or ,mohamm$an4 ,i ?ank y = my %>e ( ! respect1 ,i repli$1 ?\gh ,i d n consid] x v flatt]+4 ,i nev] 0 a ,calv9i/2 my e>lie/ reason rebell$ aga9/ ! tea*+s1 & _m a snubb+ did ,i get 9 my y\? = d>+ to "q--'cavil1' x 0 call$4 ,i w5t ?r\gh all ! phases ( ! sy/em1 try+ to believe z ,i 0 taught2 = ,i _h l>ge human respect & /rong desire to please1 ) a dev\t turn ( m9d1 mak+ _m a viol5t ef=t to be 9 a condition to become1 :at my fri5ds wi%$1 'a pr(essor2' b my consci5ce 0 too clamor\s to all[ me to pret5d t ,i _h 'obta9$ a hope1' or 'exp]i5c$ religion4' ,inv>iably1 aft] a few weeks ( f]vor1 ,i settl$ back into a /ate ( indiff]5ce or d\bt1 al?\gh1 to please my fa!r1 ,i 0 a con/ant att5dant on all 'inquiry-meet+s' & 'anxi\s-seats4' ,:5 ,i ?9k ( ^? meet+s & ! self-con/itut$ tea*]s1 :o came !re to he> ! confessions1 & to guide anxi\s s\ls 9 ! road to heav51 a fla% ( indignation passes ?r\gh my frame4 ,ab\t five ye>s aft]1 we p>t$ z s*ool-mates2 y = ! ,s\? & a /irr+ bus9ess life1 ,i to ,new-,engl& & ! m$itative days ( a /ud5t4 ,i 0 attract$ & fasc9at$ by ! speci\s talk ( transc5d5talism2 x 0 my fir/ ta/e ( lib]ty4 ,i read1 ?\ght1 & dream$2 tri$ to fe$ my s\l on naturalism1 & to r5\nce ev]y?+ sup]natural2 talk$ v flippantly ab\t ! ,god 9 ev]y?+ z ! object ( my wor%ip2 b my hungry s\l 0 unsatisfi$2 !re 0 a cold1 dre>y *ill9ess1 & undef9$ no?+ness1 a rejoic+ 9 unc]ta9ty1 :i* br\ght no?+ l food to my _s4 ,?is fai? 7if x des]ves ! "n7 flatt]$ my pr\d he>t1 giv+ me ! 'g5us homo' z an object ( wor%ip2 b ,i saw pla9ly t x c\ld nev] rea* ! ne$s ( humanity1 & ?\gh 'bro!rhood' 0 its wat*word & cry1 x c\ld nev] be a religion = ! masses4 ,x 0 only = ! ref9$1 ! cultivat$1 ! g5tle1 & ! good4 ,:]e 7 ! ab&on$1 ! dissolute1 ! co>se1 vulg> h]d to f9d a ,god 9 su* a sn>e8 ,i (t5 ask$ myself ?is "q1 & ?is speci\s infidelity gave me no answ]4 #cge ,( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ,i am a%am$ to say1 ,i !n knew no?+1 except t ,i _h (t5 he>d h] call$ '! "m ( h>lots1' ',babylon1' '! sc>let woman1' & su* l attractive names1 b x did n once occur to me t ,i ought to exam9e h] claims2 float+ z ,i 01 seek+ = foo?old1 %e 0 n pres5t$ to my m9d z an object to be look$ at or fe>$1 only to be despis$4 ,at t "t ,i 0 associat$ ) _m ( ! pure/ & noble/ spirits1 long+ & feel+ aft] ,god by ! dim light ( nature2 try+ to ?9k him out = !mselves2 f9ite m9ds bl9d$ by va9 ef=ts to compreh5d ! inf9ite4 ,! fir/ g5u9e wave ( affliction br\ght me to a /&/ill on ! br9k ( ! abyss t says !re is no ,god4 ,i lo/ my "m2 %e 0 "o ( ^? timid1 fe>ful s\ls1 & _h n t 'assurance' ( :i* ,calv9i/s make _! boa/2 ! words spok5 ( my preci\s "m aft] h] burial ne>ly drove me wild2 !y snapp$ ! la/ cord t b\nd me to ! iron sy/em ( op9ions :i* _h ?r[n _! %ad[ ov] my "y life4 ,?ree ye>s ( ru%+ into ! _w to drive away ?\ght foll[$ ?is t]rible bl[1 & !n came a bless+--! be/ bless+ ( my life4 ,a wife8 que/ion$ my fri5d1 z ,i paus$ a mom5t 9 my recital2 a wife1 yes1 ,i h x1 z a smile tw9kl$ 9 ! corn]s ( 8 cle> grey eyes & spread ov] 8 h&some face2 ,i see x1 %e knock$ ! transc5d5talism out ( y ) ! ,ca?olic hamm]4 ,h>dly1 ,i repli$1 jo9+ 9 ! he>ty laugh t foll[$ 8 rem>k2 be+ a fe>fully high-*ur* woman1 & look+ ^u h]s z ! only pure bran*--! via m$ia--! only b>ri] aga9/ ,rome1 ',romanism1' z %e s$ul\sly nam$ ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 0 ! only ?+ h] lov+ s\l 0 bitt] aga9/4 ,!n y came ?r\gh ! gate ( ritualism8 he que/ion$ aga92 a v natural sequ5ce4 ,y are excell5t 9 jump+ at conclusions1 ,i answ]$2 ,i c\ld nev] embrace ! ,anglican my?1 ?\gh ,i 0 b\nd by my own cre$ n to tr\ble myself ab\t t ( o!r p4 ,i 0 br\ght beh9d ! curta9 ( ?is h\sehold1 h[ev]1 & saw ! cruel inte/9e w>f>e betwe5 high & l[ *ur*2 ! vital diff]5ce 9 ! tea*+ ( ! two classes ( cl]gym51 ! 'sacram5tal' & ! 'evangelical2' & ,i saw )9 h] fold "y1 e>ne/ he>ts becom+ p>tisans 9 ^! divisions & call+ x zeal = ,god4 ,i (t5 he>d m talk ( an ev5+ ov] ! p>ticul> %ade ( an alt>-clo?1 ! size & patt]n ( book-m>ks = ! alt>1 ! prop] position ( fald/ools1 cr$5ces1 s$ilia2 ! way 9 :i* a cl]gyman read or pron\nc$1 ! dep? ( ! g5uflection he made 9 ! cre$1 & s =?1 ?an ,i h he>d ! :ole t5 ye>s ,i h be5 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,i saw1 too1 t %e 0 em95tly ! *ur* ( ! fa%ionable1 '! mo/ g5teel d5om9ation1' z ,i he>d "o ( h] memb]s decl>e1 ) mu* self-satisfaction1 conta9+ ! 'cream ( society2' ! poor %ut out f h] *ur*es1 & comp5sat$ by mission-*apels = _! exclusive use4 ,( c\rse my wife 0 v e>ne/ to make me a conv]t to ,episcopacy1 & by h] repeat$ solicitations ,i exam9$ ! ',book ( ,common ,pray]1' z %e s (t5 said 7:at is a tru? ev]y:]e7 t "o mu/ n judge ( a religi\s body by individual memb]s or tea*]s1 b by h] /&>ds4 #cgf ,i 0 /rongly confirm$1 by ?is exam9ation1 9 my op9ion ( ! want ( con=mity to _! own rules by _m ( ! cl]gy1 & ! helplessness to rea* !m by discipl9e1 :i* is ! fir/ requisite 9 a well-ord]$ h\sehold4 ,t ! body ( ! book contradict$ ! ?irty-n9e articles 0 z pla9 z t ',prote/ant' 0 on ! title-page2 = :ile "o ackn[l$g$ prie/1 alt>1 & sacrifice1 ! o!r /\tly d5i$ all ?ree4 ,& did y make kn[n ! result ( y\r inve/igations to ,mrs4 ,dewey1 or did y leave h] 9 ignorance ( :at y _h f\nd8 ,i dread$ to %ake h] fai?1 kn[+ t ,i _h no?+ to give h] 9 its place1 & ,i )held my conclusions1 till %e insi/$ s e>ne/ly1 assur+ me t %e c\ld n be mov$1 t ,i yield$4 ,i c\ld see t %e 0 mov$ by :at ,i said2 b %e 0 only c>ri$ =w>d1 grasp+ m firmly ! fragm5ts ( ,ca?olic tru? %e already held1 & gr[+1 z ,i aft]w>d knew1 into a m ,ca?olic _s4 ,at l5g? ,i said to h]1 z %e 0 m\rn+ ov] ! want ( unity among h] *os5 p1 & ! al>m+ progress ( ',romanism1' :i* _h j clasp$ 9 its embrace "o ( h] de>e/ fri5ds1 ',suppose1 my de>1 y & ,i 7 to look into ?is matt]2 ,i h no d\bt y w\ld be m ( an ,anglican ?an ev]1 & ,i less 9 favor ( cre$s4 ,x is b fair we %\ld give ,ca?olics a he>+2 = my "p1 ,i "k no?+ ( !m except f _! enemies4' ,%e 0 incl9$ to li/5 to my proposition2 b h] spiritual pa/or1 f :om %e hid none ( h] religi\s difficulties1 put a veto on ! exam9ation1 by =bidd+ h] to read or to talk ) any "o on ! subject4 ,indignant at :at ,i !n ?\ght 8 n>r[-m9d$ness1 b :i* ,i n[ see 0 only prop] self-pres]vation1 ,i det]m9$ to pursue my inve/igations alone1 ?\gh x 0 ! fir/ "t 9 our m>ri$ life t any subject ( int]e/ _h n be5 common ) u4 ,i procur$ su* books z 7 )9 my rea*1 & comm5c$ my inquiries4 ,x 0 a mo/ int]e/+ /udy1 & op5$ a new _w ( ?\ght to me2 e mom5t ( leisure = six mon?s 0 giv5 to ! se>*1 into :i* ,i ent]$ z ,i w\ld into a "q ( law1 consult+ & comp>+ au?orities1 exam9+ bo? sides1 que/ion+ & cross-que/ion+ witnesses4 ,b we are t\*+ on ! "t ( sleep1 ,i said1 z ! hall-clock /ruck ! h\r ( midnight4 ,oh6 no1 g on1 he repli$ eag]ly1 y don't "k h[ int]e/$ ,i am4 ,no1 ,i said firmly1 y\r exp]i5ce ( to-day requires t y %\ld re/2 & z !re is no prospect ( gett+ away f "h1 ,i %all h ample "t to f9i% my tale to-morr[4 ,i insi/$ ^u 8 occupy+ my qu>t]s1 be+ ! mo/ com=table 9 ! h\se1 & z ,i w5t to my re/ 9 ano!r ap>tm5t1 & ?\ght ( ! eag]ness ) :i* he _h li/5$ to my recital1 ,i brea!d a pray] t ,god w\ld give him light4 ,! sun arose cle> & bright ! foll[+ morn+1 & ! w9d1 t _h made su* havoc ) ! sn[drifts ! previ\s day1 _h di$ away into a cold calm4 ,i wat*$ f ! w9d[ ! long l9e ( m5 & boys1 ) pati5t ox51 tugg+ & toil+ at ! great :ite heaps4 ,i _h ,sn[ ,b\nd 9 my coat-pocket1 & took ?is opportunity ( assur+ myself ( ! tru? ( ! beautiful ^w-pictures !re9 pa9t$4 #cgg ,x 0 q late :5 my fri5d appe>$ f ! inn] room1 & 9 answ] to my inquiry if he _h re/$ well repli$1 ,i h n once wak5$ s9ce ,i succe$$ 9 driv+ our conv]sation f my m9d1 :i* ,i did aft] a long process1 by repeat+ ! multiplication table ov] & ov] till ,i fell asleep4 ,we _c get away to-day1 he add$1 go+ to ! w9d[4 ,i am glad ( t1 = ,i am impati5t to he> y out4 ,he 0 uneasy till breakfa/ 0 dispat*$1 our grate & pipes repl5i%$1 & we seat$ aga9 = a talk4 ,n[ tell me ! result ( y\r lawy]-l exam9ation ( au?orities1 he said by way ( comm5cem5t4 ,yes1 x 0 inde$ lawy]-l1 ,i repli$2 = prejudice1 feel+1 e>ly impressions1 all w5t aga9/ ! decision4 ,b ! logical conclusion1 f :at ,i read1 0 ?is3 if 7m9d ,i got no fur!r ?an ! if7 ! ,bible is ! ^w ( ,god1 x c]ta9ly tea*es t our ,"l e/abli%$ a *ur*1 & gave to t "o body apo/les & tea*]s1 conf]r+ on !m wond]ful p[]s1 to be cont9u$ = all "t 9 "s way2 = he says1 ',i am ) y all days1 ev5 to ! consummation ( ! _w2' ) ! same brea? ) :i* he tells !m to prea* ! ,gospel1 he bids !m to b9d & loose1 to "w miracles & to fe$ 8 flock4 ,^! are ! facts on ! face ( ! ,gospel n>rative4 ,i tri$ to expla9 ^! ?+s 9 "s o!r way2 ,i ev5 w5t to comm5tators2 b ! c&id exam9ation ,i _h promis$ =bade my tru/+ any man's op9ion4 ,i w5t to ! e>ly ,fa!rs1 7:om1 by ! way1 ,i _h always ignor$1 z is ! fa%ion27 ,i f\nd t !y reason$ v mu* l o!r m52 !y ask$ que/ions1 & answ]$ !m4 ,i saw t if ^! p[]s 7 giv51 z ! ,scripture ass]ts1 to ! *os5 twelve1 ^! 7 ! m5 to :om !y 7 transmitt$4 ,)\t exception !y confirm$ ! tea*+ ( ! ,bible ) reg>d to ! *ur*1 & op5$ /ill m fully ! dogmas ( ,scripture4 ,i comp>$ !m "o ) ano!r1 & f\nd t1 )\t any d5ial or v>iation1 !y decl>$ ! au?ority ( ! *ur* & ! necessity ( ! sacram5ts4 ,x 0 also pla9 t ?is *ur* be+ "o & univ]sal1 hav+ ! same fai? & discipl9e :]ev] e/abli%$1 until "s body ( m5 prote/$ aga9/ "s receiv$ doctr9e1 no dogma assum$ prom95ce1 ! fai? 0 "o p]fect :ole4 ,b :ile1 z ,i told y1 ,i _h gone no fur!r ?an 'if1' my wife1 by an entirely diff]5t road1 0 com+ to ! same gate4 ,h] pa/or _h giv5 h] two v beautiful devotional works1 t *>m$ h] beyond any?+ %e _h ev] se52 b dur+ "o ( ! r>e calls ( h] ,ca?olic fri5d1 7= h] guide _h advis$ h] to r5\nce ?is fri5d%ip1 b ,i1 ) a high] claim on h] ob$i5ce1 _h =bidd5 ?is sacrifice17 dur+ ?is call1 ^! books 7 ! subject ( disc\rse1 & ,miss ,m---- told h] %e wi%$ h] no?+ bett] to read1 z !y 7 bo? translations ( ,ca?olic au?ors1 :i* %e prov$ by br++ ! orig9als 9 ,fr5* at h] next visit4 ,my wife saw at once ! absurdity ( d5y+ h] ,ca?olic books1 & giv+ !m to h] 9 disguise4 ,?is hone/ guide ( s\ls _h also told h] t ',romani/s' alt]$ ! comm&m5ts1 leav+ out ! second entirely1 le/ x %\ld condemn _! idolatry2 :ile h] fri5d gave h] ! ,cate*ism :i* is taught to all ,ca?olic *ildr51 :]e ! comm&m5ts are writt5 z !y 7 spok5 on ,m\nt ,s9ai4 ,i ?9k ^! two mi/akes 7,i w call !m by a mild "n7 ( h] pa/or %ook h] fai? 9 him v ess5tially4 #cgh ,f t day we talk$ freely2 ,i gave h] my conclusions1 ) ! 'if1' & %e took ! ,fa!rs = daily read+4 ,i _h gone no fur!r ?an ! if--my pride prev5t$--:5 x pleas$ ,almighty ,god to take f u our elde/ son1 & to br+ my wife to ! bord]s ( ! grave4 ,:at c\ld com=t me1 z ,i look$ at my beautiful boy cold & lifeless1 & my wife at t po9t :]e e>?ly help is unavail+8 ,! *e]less cre$ t ,i _h held ) s mu* pride gave me n a glimm] ( light4 ,i call$ reason to my aid1 b ,i call$ 9 va92 x 0 no pleasure to me to ?9k ( ^? ,i _h lov$ & lo/ reabsorb$ into ,deity1 nev] m to be any?+ to me4 ,h[ c\ld x satisfy me1 ye>n+ = ! treasures ,i 0 los+1 to feel t '!re is no "t1 no space2 we are we "k n :at1 light sp>kles 9 ! e!r ( ,deity4' ,! words :i* ,i _h us$ 9 answ] to my wife's que/ion+1 'if ?is be true1' foll[$ me cont9ually2 n[1 ,i ne$$ to "k if x 7 true2 ,i ne$$ some?+ firm to re/ me 9 t we>y h\r4 ,x 0 _m ye>s s9ce ,i _h knelt 9 pray]2 n[ ,i 0 b[$ to ! e>?1 & my :ole cry 01 ',"l1 give me light4' ,i am a%am$ to tell y ( ! fe>ful /ruggle ) my pride1 :5 at la/ ! light ( fai? came into my bewild]$ & d>k5$ s\l1 ! _m worldly ties t held me back1 ! loss ( position & favor :i* ,i fe>$2 ,i blu% = my c[>dice1 x 0 unwor?y ( ! "n ( man made 9 ! image ( ,god4 ,my belov$ wife knew n ( ?is /rife 9 my s\l2 9 h] extremity %e _h s5t = h] pa/or1 & receiv$ all he c\ld give h] ( ! rites ( 8 *ur*2 b %e 0 n satisfi$4 ,:at 0 my surprise to he> h] say1 z if ! sight ( dea? _h giv5 h] boldness1 ',!re is ! comm& ( ,/4 ,james = ! com=t & help ( ! sick & dy+2 :y may ,i n h x8 ',ah6 my *ild1' he repli$1 't 0 giv5 = ! e>ly ages ( ! *ur*1 & pass$ away ) !m4' ',b :y d we n ne$ x z well z !y8' %e que/ion$1 ',x is too mu* = y to argue 9 y\r pres5t /ate1' 0 8 cold reply1 'b x is suffici5t = me1 z an ob$i5t son ( ! *ur*1 to submit to ! deprivation1 s9ce our holy "m has n se5 fit to reta9 x4' ,i saw ! speci\sness ( ! reason+ :]e) he sil5c$ h]1 & ,i sat by ! pati5t suff]] aft] ! dep>ture ( ! div9e s fai?ful to 8 *ur*1 hesitat+ z to my duty 9 ! matt]1 :5 %e cri$ out z if 9 angui%1 ',oh6 if ,i only knew x 0 "r1 only knew--' ',:at 0 "r8' ,i que/ion$1 hold+ h] trembl+ h&4 ',i want confession1 ,i want absolution1 ,i want ! ano9t+ ( ! sick1' %e said eag]ly1 h] d>k eyes b5t on me implor+ly4 ',y %all n be d5i$1' ,i repli$1 &1 leav+ h] ) ! nurse1 ,i w5t = ! ne>e/ ,ca?olic prie/4 ,i w n ent] into details2 let x suffice t1 be=e two h\rs _h pass$1 my wife 0 a memb] ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 improv$ 9 physical condition & m5tal quietness1 & ,i 0 prep>+ = baptism4 ,i paus$ 9 my recital2 ,i saw t my fri5d 0 mu* mov$1 ev5 z ,i _h be51 by ! memories ( ! pa/4 ,aft] a mom5t1 he gave me 8 h& cordially1 say+1 ,?ank y he>tily1 x has done me good2 !n1 aft] ano!r pause4 ,b tell me "o ?+ c&idly1 h nei!r ( y regrett$ ! /ep2 nev] wi%$ y\rselves back aga98 #cgi ,regrett$6 ,i cri$ indignantly1 wi%$ ourselves back to a region ( d\bt & unc]ta9ty6 ,:y1 ,i say a ,gloria e morn+ t ,i am a ,ca?olic2 & my wife s+s ,te ,deum all ! "t4 ,& did y suff] all y expect$1 he ask$1 9 ! way ( loss ( fri5ds8 ,i _h no?+ 9 my exp]i5ce wor?y ( ! "n ( suff]+2 b my wife endur$ mu* 9 ! way ( reproa*1 )drawal ( fri5d%ip1 & ! cold %\ld] socially4 ,b let me ask "o ?+1 & don't feel hurt2 h[ d y1 ) y\r fa/idi\s ta/es1 wor%ip 9 *ur*es cramm$ to ! full ) ! labor+ ,iri%1 be=e ^? tawdry alt>s :i* ,i h sometimes se58 ,i felt ! color ris+ to my *eek at ?is "q1 b ,i repli$ calmly1 cru%+ ! temptation to be sev]e1 & rememb]+ :at ?is ?\ght 0 to me be=e ! light ( fai? illum9$ my s\l1 ,y c nev] "k :at x is to =get di/9ctions till y believe 9 t ,pres5ce :i* dwells on ,ca?olic alt>s4 ,x w\ld ill become s9ful man to object to o!r company he f9ds 9 *ur* :5 ,jesus our ,god condesc5ds to be pres5t = our sake4 ,my wife seeks out ! *ur*es frequ5t$ by ! v poore/2 %e says %e feels ne>] ,god :5 %e has 8 poor by h] side4 ,z to ! tawdry alt>s1 y mu/ rememb] t ! love & devotion ( an un$ucat$ & unref9$ ta/e is z truly express$ by some?+ common & %[y1 z y\r ref9$ delicacy w\ld be by m exquisite adornm5t4 ,god looke? at ! he>t2 & ! poor s]vant-girl :o pres5ts to h] favorite alt> b\quets ( gaudy artificial fl[]s1 = ! sake ( h] de> ,"l :om %e really believes to be pres5t !re1 is z acceptable z ! lady :o s5ds h] lovely blossoms f ! hot-h\se4 ,9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ?is c\ntry--& may ,i n say 9 e c\ntry8--! poor are 9 ! majority among h] memb]s4 ,z ,i spoke1 ! /eam-:i/le1 ! fir/ s9ce ! /orm1 s\nd$ ?r\gh ! air4 ,) a regretful look1 ,mr4 ,hood w5t to ! w9d[4 ,t rem9ds u1 he said1 t ! _w is mov+ aga94 ,y w g to my home ) me1 ,i repli$2 y mu/4 ,n n[1 he answ]$2 b :5 ! bus9ess t br\ght me to ?is "p ( ! c\ntry is accompli%$1 ,i w come & talk ) y\r wife ab\t ?is matt] be=e ,i leave = ,cali=nia4 ,accord+ to promise1 he came2 & :5 he left u = 8 ,s\!rn home1 we 7 n )\t hope t our long talks _h _h an effect2 my wife w\ld n leave him till %e _h 8 promise t he w\ld exam9e = himself1 pray]fully1 e>ne/ly1 & ?or\ghly1 & w\ld write me ! result1 :i* ,i h 9 a lett] by to-day's mail4 ,san ,francisco1 ,cal41 ,oct4 #bd1 #ahfg4 ,s4 ,raphael ! ,ar*angel4 ,my ,de> ,dewey3 ,i 0 receiv$ into ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* to-day4 ,laus ,deo6 ,i wond] h[ any "o c rema9 out ( x2 x is su* a joy to h a foo?old1 to "k t "o /&s on some?+1 & t some?+ firm] ?an ! ev]la/+ hills4 ,i mu/ give up my bus9ess 9 ?is publi%+ h\se2 = ,i _c h my "n any long] l9k$ ) ! falsehoods t teem f ! press1 aga9/ ,*ri/'s ,*ur*4 ,x is a disgrace t ,am]ican s*ool-books %\ld conta9 su* lies z y f9d on ! pages ( ! ,read]s1 ,geographies1 & especially ! ,hi/ories1 :i* are ! text-books ( our in/itutions ( le>n+4 ,may ! good ,god help me to repair ! inju/ice ,i h done 9 ?is matt] z a publi%]4 #chj ,i am ! wond] & pity ( ! old transc5d5tal clique "h1 :o1 z "o ( !m said to me ye/]day1 c't und]/& h[ a man c g back to ! d>k ages = 8 religion4 ,i told him my fai? illum9$ :at he call$ ! d>k ages till !y transc5d$ ! n9ete5? c5tury 9 brilliancy4 ,my y\ng] *ildr5 7 baptiz$ ) me2 ,i hope 9 "t to see all my de> ones safely h\s$4 ,tell ,mrs4 ,dewey1 ) my k9de/ remembrance1 to s+ ,te ,deum = me1 & don't =get me & m9e 9 y\r pray]s1 ,v s9c]ely y\rs 9 ! bless$ fai?1 ,r$wood ,raphael ,hood4 ---------- ,translat$ ,f ,! ,revue ,g5]ale1 ,( ,brussels4 ,! ,good ,old ,"t ,& ,our ,own4 ,9 ! daily /ruggle = tru? & "r1 9 our h\rs ( lassitude & disc\ragem5t1 h[ will+ly we believe t =m]ly ! battle ( life 0 less sev]e ?an n[adays4 ,we love to comp>e ourselves ) our pr$ecessors1 pigmies to u giants ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 & s9c]ely believe !m s1 ei!r because ( our %ort-sight$ness or because ( ! great di/ance f :i* we reg>d !m4 ,b :51 by ! /udy ( hi/ory1 we h drawn ne>] ! di/ances :i* sep>ate ^! epo*s ( ! diff]5t evolutions ( humanity1 we become at ! same "t m mode/ & m c\rage\s2 m mode/1 because we "k our fa!rs h _h to /ruggle z mu* if n m ?an ourselves2 m c\rage\s1 because by _! example we le>n h[ we %\ld battle = triumph 9 moral /ruggles2 & ( ^! alone we w\ld "h speak4 ,_m ( our contempor>ies ?9k !y h done _! duty if !y h abus$ _! own "t1 prais$ ! pa/1 & pr$ict$ a sombre future unable to conf] ^u u any bless+s4 ,x is s sweet to live 9 ab/ract contemplation ( h]oes or epo*s ( :i* inexorable "t has depriv$ u2 x is s easy to make an apology = !m )\t combat+ ! liv+ m5 & ! concrete ideas :i* 9 real hi/ory =m ! %ad[s to ^! brilliant pictures2 x is s easy to *oose f =m] ages models ( virtue1 ( civil c\rage & fai?1 )\t preoccupy+ ourselves ) ob/acles t ^! j p1 ^! citiz5s1 ^! sa9ts h conqu]$1 & t our indiff]5ce1 our idl5ess1 our weakness1 or our c[>dice h9d]s u f look+ fairly 9 ! face1 ?r\gh ! m$ium 9 :i* we live4 ,we d n p]ceive (t5 en\gh t ! vulg> expression ( ! good old "t1 :i* has be5 =bidd5 9 e age1 is 9 ! moral hi/ory ( a p a truly vici\s circle4 ,inde$1 we _c pret5d t e age is wor? only s mu*1 &1 int]pret+ badly ! prov]b1 ,man proposes1 b ,god disposes1 g to sleep 9 ! false hi/orical security call$ fatalism4 ,x is legitimate to h our pref]5ces = su* & su* an epo*1 & x is n always difficult to give good reasons = !m2 b betwe5 ^! rational pref]5ces & an unju/ifiable disda9 = our own "t1 !re is an abyss4 #cha ,to act ) our own epo* we mu/ love x2 !n we "w ) ardor & confid5ce = its re=m4 ,:o loves well1 *a/ises well4 ,i wi% to %[ t our age m]its to be lov$ z well z any o!r t has prec$$ x2 & ,i w demon/rate ?is cle>ly by a moral1 religi\s1 & political sket* ( ! ,*ri/ian age ! mo/ ju/ly prais$--! ?irte5?4 ,to circumscribe ?is va/ subject z mu* z possible1 ,i w speak ( ,italy alone2 ( t ,italy :i* !n1 z n[1 0 ! object ( ! mo/ audaci\s attacks & ! !atre ( ! mo/ in/ructive resi/ance4 ,i w fir/ tell :at 0 ! condition ( ! ,*ri/ian republic at ! end ( ! twelf? c5tury4 ,!n ,i w %[ ! radiant trans=mation ( society 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury :ile det]m9+ its g5]al causes1 & f9i% by comp>+ ?is h]oic age ) our own4 ,i4 ,= mo/ ( ,belgium1 ! hi/ory ( civilization comm5ces only ) ! day :5 ,g5]al ,dum\riez br\ght !m lib]ty at ! po9t ( ! bayonet4 ,be=e ! ,fr5* revolution1 x 0 ! common error t ! era ( political & religi\s revolution only op5$ ) ! sixte5? c5tury1 & su* error is common to-day4 ,yet ,gno/icism1 ,mani*eism1 ,arianism1 & ,greek s*ism h produc$ 9 ,*ri/ian ,europe commotions mu* great] & m fatal ?an ^? ( :i* ! pr$ictions ( ,m>t9 ,lu!r h be5 ! occasion1 & ( :i* ! ,prote/ant pr9ces h s abundantly reap$ ! fruits4 ,f ! t5? to ! ?irte5? c5tury1 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* suff]$ on ! "p ( ! /ate--( ! empire1 z !y !n t]m$ x--assaults 9 comp>ison to :i* ! ?irty ye>s' w> & ! revolutions fom5t$ by ! /atolatres ( ! ?irte5? c5tury 7 only *ildr5's play4 ,nev] 0 ! _s ( sect>ianism m active ?an 9 ! twelf? c5tury4 ,! disguis$ p>tisans ( ,gno/icism1 ,mani*eism1 or ,arianism1 ^! habitual =ms ( anti*ri/ianism1 7 spread all ov] civiliz$ ,europe "u ! mo/ div]se names3 ,ca?>es1 ,paulici5s1 ,petrobrusi5s1 ,tan*elmites1 ,h5rici5s1 ,bogomiles1 ,apo/oliques1 ,endi/es1 ,arnoldi/es1 ,circonsis1 ,passagi]es1 ,publica9s1 ,vaudois ,bons ,hommes1 etc41 etc4 ,^! names appe> /range1 b !y are n m s ?an _! actual p>tisans3 sociali/s1 free-?9k]s1 solid m51 ,f\ri]i/s1 ,sa9t ,simoni5s1 etc4 ,& d n suppose t ^! sects1 or ^! s*ools1 z !y are call$ n[adays1 conf9$ !mselves to ! innoc5t publication ( _! programme1 & simply di/ribut$ a few p>tisans ?r\gh anonym\s societies1 among ! c\ncils ( adm9i/ration1 or 9 ! s5ates ( empires4 ,! ,ambrosi5 *ur* 0 dur+ a c]ta9 "t direct$ by ! ,nicolite prie/s ( ,milan1 & support$ viol5tly by ! emp]or & by ! gov]nm5t4 ,our compatriot1 ,dankelm1 a dei/ a little sore1 :o prea*$ aga9/ ! corruptions ( ! monks1 _! artifices1 ! ti!s & mortma91 0 head ( an organiz$ *ur* at ,bruges1 & also at ,anv]s4 ,if ! ,vaudois _h1 l ,lu!r1 obta9$ ! support ( ! corrupt$ & s5sual bi%ops1 & ! ambiti\s pr9ces s p[]ful & rapaci\s1 _! *ur* w\ld h tak5 root 9 a great "p ( ,europe dur+ ! twelf? c5tury2 x has endur$ long] ?an w any ,prote/ant *ur*2 = x /ill exi/$ 9 ! la/ c5tury1 & ,i believe !re are /ill "s communities 9 ,holl& & ,suabia4 #chb ,all ^! sects agre$ on "o po9t1 _! hatr$ ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,m4 ,r5an1 9 8 la/ book1 ,que/ions ,contempora9s1 writ+ ) a haughty mod]ation almo/ disda9ful1 fe>$ = ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* ( ! n9ete5? c5tury a gr& s*ism result+ 9 ! simultane\s election ( two popes4 ,su* an appreh5sion d5otes 9 ?is writ] a defect ( memory or a /range want ( p]spicacity2 = 9 ! *ur*1 anti-popes 7 c\nt$ by doz5s1 & 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 ?is k9d ( s*ism appe>$ sev]al times4 ,! competitors or anti-popes ( ,calixtus ,,ii41 7#aaai-aabd17 ( ,innoc5t ,,ii41 7#aacj-aadc17 & ( ,alex&] ,,iii41 7#aaei-aaha17 7 su/a9$ by emp]ors ^: mat]ial p[] _h b little weight 9 ! !n kn[n _w4 ,"u ,innoc5t ,,ii41 ! s*ism la/$ only eight ye>s4 ,sixty ye>s lat]1 ,innoc5t ,,iii4 gov]n$ ,europe4 ,h]esies & s*isms are always accompani$ by social revolutions4 ,h[ev]1 ! irreligi\s antagonism ( capital & labor1 :i* is "o ( ! causes ( mod]n socialism1 did n exi/ 9 ! twelf? c5tury "u ! le>n$ & r$\btable =m ( our day4 ,! reason is a simple "o1 & we %\ld be pr\d ( our age3 labor1 ( :i* ,*ri/ianity has made a duty1 _h n !n 9 political society ! great & legitimate importance x has n[4 ,! problem ( paup]ism _h nev] be5 solv$ politically except 9 d5sely populat$ c\ntries1 & 9 ! twelf? c5tury ! population ( ,europe 0 relatively less consid]able4 ,hatr$ ( capital only manife/$ itself among ! idle1 among c]ta9 sects1 7! ,ca?>es1 ! ,fr]ots1 ! ,apo/oliques1 ! ,beggh>ds1 ! ,loll>ds1 etc417 & p>ticul>ly 9 ! w>s ( ! ca/le & ! hut2 viol5t w>s :i* 7 n only c>ri$ on by poor devils h>d5$ by passions1 b by ! *tela9s1 7gov]nors or keep]s17 ?ieves only di/+ui%able f ! o!rs by new titles giv5 !m ?r\gh euphemism4 ,?is category ( m5 0 !n m num]\s ?an 9 our "t4 ,we respect a mill1 b we /eal a prov9ce4 ,!n !y took ! prov9ce & ! mill also4 ,great luxury exi/$ 9 all ! t[ns ( ,italy4 ,money 0 a c\rt$ p[]4 ,! bank]s' families became ! s\rce ( dyna/ies4 ,a portion ( ! secul> cl]gy liv$ 9 ! relaxation ( discipl9e1 & ev5 morals4 ,nei!r ! en]gy ( ! great ,hildebr&1 nor ! activity ( ! admirable ,alex&] ,,iii41 ! fri5d ( ! ,lomb>d communities1 _h be5 p[]ful en\gh to completely re=m ! regul> cl]gy4 ,nei!r 9 ! fifte5? nor 9 ! eighte5? c5tury 7 m sc&als se5 ?an ^? :i* di%e>t5$ ! great ,/4 ,b]n>d4 ,oh6 = ! p[] to see aga91 be=e my dea?1 wrote he to ! pope1 ,eug5e ,,iii41 ^? happy days ( ! *ur* :5 ! apo/les ca/ _! nets = s\ls1 & n = gold4 ,?is ,pope ,eug5e 0 n p]mitt$ to die at ,rome4 ,! ,et]nal ,city 0 9 ! h&s ( ! ,g>ibaldians ( ! "t1 ! ,mazz9i ( :om 0 nam$ ,arnold1 a cl]k ( ,brescia1 ( au/]e mann]s & quick-witt$ oratory4 ,aft] hav+ /udi$ philosophy 9 ,p>is "u ! cold & lic5ti\s ,abel>d1 ,arnold comm5c$ to trav]se ! ,lomb>d cities4 ,impos+ ^u himself a mission altoge!r political1 he pret5d$ n to wi% to injure ! ,ca?olic fai?4 #chc ,detractor ( cl]gym5 & bi%ops1 p]secutor ( monks1 he res]v$1 said a *ronicl] ( ! "t1 all 8 flatt]y = ! laity4 ,he su/a9$ ! !ory ( no salvation = cl]gym5 possess+ l&s1 = bi%ops dispos+ ( regal rights1 or monks own+ valuables2 t all ^! ?+s belong$ to ! /ate1 & x alone %\ld dispose ( !m 9 favor ( ! laity4 ,x is said also t he did n reason sanely on ! eu*>i/ & ! baptism ( infants4 ,8 p>tisans1 call$ politicians1 call$ him to ,rome1 :]e he _h resolv$ to e/abli% a new gov]nm5t4 ,=c$ to fly f ?is city aft] ! second c\ncil ( ,lat]an1 he w&]$ = sev]al ye>s 9 ,france1 9 ,g]many1 & 9 ,switz]l&1 promulgat+ ev]y:]e ! doctr9es :i* he appli$ to 8 ,italian fri5ds4 ,dur+ an insurrection1 ! pope1 ,lucius ,,ii41 0 kill$ by a bl[ f a /one1 7to-day !y only kill m9i/]s17 & 8 successor1 ,eug5e ,,iii41 took refuge 9 ,vit]bo1 & aft]w>d 9 ,france4 ,arnold 0 9 ,switz]l& ) #bjjj soldi]s collect$ !re2 ! multitude hav+ grant$ him ! dictator%ip1 he proclaim$ ! fall ( ! temporal p[] ( ! popes1 & ! re-e/abli%m5t ( ! ,roman republic2 !n1 c>ri$ away by ! logic ( 8 ideas r ?an by 8 situation1 he call$ to ,rome ! emp]or1 ! mon>* ( ,italy1 9 ord] t he w\ld deign to re/ore to ! empire ! lu/re x _h "u ,ju/9ian4 ,demagogues naturally advocate ,caes>ism4 ,! emp]ors ru%$ to ,rome4 ,arnold & 8 gov]nm5t 7 ?r[n into ! ,tib]4 ,!n recomm5c$1 "u a new =m1 ! qu>rel betwe5 ! prie/hood & ! empire1 exi/+ /ill 9 ,europe4 ,nev] _h ! pride ( ! deposit>ies ( ! civil p[]1 ! absolutism ( ! god /ate1 & ! tyranny ( ! supreme au?ority1 repres5tatives m complete1 & 9 c]ta9 respects m sympa!tic1 ?an ! emp]ors ( ! h\se ( ,hoh5/auf54 ,h[ _m laws vaunt$ by c]ta9 s*ools ( our day ( progress h be5 dress$ 9 ! signature ( ^! fi]ce ,sonabes1 !n abrogat$ z despotic & contr>y to ! lib]ty & dignity ( citiz5s4 ,! ,/auf5 7 fanatics 9 law :5 x 0 a "q ( _! au?ority4 ,fr$]ic ,i4 _h = 8 witnesses ! f\r fam\s doctors ( ,bologna1 :o1 ) ,irn]ius1 _! pr(essor1 7 ma/]s ( ! /udy ( mod]n law4 ,x 0 ^! f\r doctors :o1 by ! aid ( texts & juridical int]pretations1 7 ready to impose on ! ,lomb>d cities repres5t$ at ! diet ( ,roncaglia ! *a9s :i* ! entire mat]ial p[] ( ! ,g]man emp]ors _h nev] be5 able to =ge4 ,x 0 ! *ancellor ( ,fr$]ic ,,ii41 ,pi]re ,des ,vignes1 :o is ! au?or ( ! ,recueil des ,lois de ,sidle1 ! fir/ code ( despotism ( mod]n times4 ,9 few words1 !n1 we h "h ! /ate ( ,europe1 9 its mo/ civiliz$ c5tre1 9 ! second half ( ! twelf? c5tury4 ,! tru? 0 at once attack$ 9 *ur* & /ate1 ) ! view ( corrupt+ bo?2 9 ! *ur*1 ) an aim at h] au?ority2 9 ! /ate1 to bani% lib]ty4 ,,ii4 ,x is ! glory ( ! epo* :i* beg9s ) ! ,lomb>d ,league & ! pontificate ( ! ,engli% ,m5dicant1 ,adrian ,,iv41 to h re-e/abli%$ a moral equilibrium 9 ,*ri/ian society1 & to h sav$ ,europe f a le?>gy simil> to t 9 :i* a ,caes>o-papacy has plung$ ! ,ea/4 #chd ,t :i* di/+ui%$ ! civiliz+ g5ius ( ?is epo* 0 a moral vigor1 a consequ5ce ( ! intimate union exi/+ betwe5 ! citiz5 & ! ,*ri/ian1 betwe5 ! s*ol> & ! !ologian2 ,i say union1 n confusion4 ,9 ! ,cid ( ,guillaume de ,ca/ro1 f :i* ,p4 ,corneille has borr[$ l>gely1 !re is a sc5e 9 :i* ! h]o seat$ at table exhorts 8 companions to r5d] homage to ! patron ( ,spa91 a *evali] himself1 & ) a l>ge ros>y susp5d$ to 8 sword4 ,a lep] ent]s & asks *>ity4 ,! w>riors take flight4 ,alone ! ,cid rema9s1 & =ces him to sit on 8 cloak & eat ) him f 8 own plate4 ,! repa/ f9i%$1 ! m5dicant bless$ ! ,cid1 & betrays himself z ,laz>us1 :o has come to reveal 8 future de/9y4 ,! sword1 :i* = ! *evali] is ! sign ( ! citiz51 s]ves to su/a9 ! ros>y1 ! emblem ( ! ,*ri/ian4 ,9 ! ,trait de l',(fice du ,pode/1 extract ( ,book ,,iii4 ( ! ,tresor ( ,brunetto ,lat9i1 ! ma/] ( ,dante1 we f9d 9 old ,fr5* ! exposition ( ! public law z und]/ood by ! communicants ( t "t4 ,! pode/a ( our "t c\ld le>n f x mu* t is useful & necess>y to "k4 ,?is1 = example1 is ! beg9n+ ( ! *apt] :]e ! au?or treats ( ?+s t g5tlem5 %\ld "k & tea* to ^? ov] :om !y are plac$3 ,rememb] !n1 ?\ :o gov]ne/ a city1 f :5ce comes ! p[] to possess ?y seignory4 ,rememb] ?\ ! law & ! comm&m5ts1 & nev] =get ,god & 8 sa9ts1 b (t5 approa* ! alt> & pray ,god = !e & ?y subjects2 = ,david & ! prophets say1 ',god gu>de? ! city & e ?+ t labore? )9 x4' ,honor ! pa/or ( pa/ors ( ! holy ,*ur*2 = ,god says1 ',he :o receive? !e receive? me4' ,be religi\s1 & evid5ce ! true fai?2 = no?+ is m beautiful to ! pr9ce ( ! e>? ?an true fai? & "r belief3 = x is writt51 ',:5 ! j k+ is on 8 ?rone1 no h>m c befall him4' ,gu>d ! *ur*es1 ! h\ses ( ,god1 take c>e ( wid[$ wom5 & orphans2 = x is writt51 ',be def5d]s ( orphans & wid[s4' ,def5d ! poor aga9/ ! wick$ness ( p[]2 = ?\ ha/ 9 ?y c>e ! great1 ! small1 & ! mean4 ,su* ?+s become !e f ! beg9n+1 etc4 ,h y obs]v$ ! "* ( ! figures se5 on ! tombs ( ?is p]iod8 ,! dead are ly+ on _! backs1 ) h&s clasp$2 !y d n be> ! impress ( dea?2 !y seem to sleep & await ! resurrection4 ,_! attitude is simple1 naturally humble1 b at ! same "t naturally pr\d4 ,!y are arm$2 x is und]/ood t !y h f\ght ! battle ( life1 & 9 pass+ to ! o!r %ore h vanqui%$ ! enemy ( ! human race ) ! arms ( pray]4 ,! citiz5 & ! ,*ri/ian are s bl5d$ t x is impossible to di/+ui% !m2 & ?is h>moni\s :ole pres5ts an appe>ance at once humble & m>tial1 t5d] & manly1 :i* fills "o ) respect )\t impos+ fe>4 ,su* is ! "* ( ! epo* ,i w\ld depict :ile portray+ ! causes ( its gr&eur4 ,let x be rem>k$1 h[ev]1 ,i d n seek to make an apology = ! ?irte5? c5tury or ! middle ages4 ,my ideal is 9 ! future1 n 9 ! pa/4 ,b ! pa/ be+ ! mirror ( ! future1 ,i love to reg>d 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury ! memorable examples ( :at c\ld be done by ! citiz5 "u ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ian fai? & reason 9 ! mid/ ( a society agitat$ & upset by h]esy1 s*ism1 socialism1 ! p[] ( demagogues1 & ,caes>ism4 #che ,i suppose t ! son ( a ri* m]*ant ( ,anv]s1 transport$ by t en?usiasm = good :i* is ! fruit ( a grace div9e1 r5\nces sudd5ly ! luxury ( a pat]nal home1 & a dissipat$ & idle life1 :i* is too (t5 ! consequ5ce ( a bad education1 pamp]$ by =tune4 ,aft] hav+ tra9$ 8 s\l by fa/+ & pray]1 & ! contemplation ( ! div9e attributes t[>d ! sup]natural regions ( life1 he robes himself volunt>ily z a poor man & trav]ses ! indu/rial c5tres ( ! c\ntry1 communicat+ to 8 equals ! ard5t fai? :i* escapes f 8 m\? 9 lum9\s *>act]s4 ,at ,g&1 at ,*>l]oi1 at ,liege1 "s "y m5 become 8 foll[]s1 & betwe5 !m =m an association = ! s]vice ( ! humble1 ! weak1 ! poor1 ! mis]able4 ,_! mission is to g ab\t 9 ! dress ( workm51 liv+ z !y d1 & prea*+ f ! /eps ( build+s1 at ! cross-roads1 & 9 ! fields4 ,to ! ri*1 ! obligation ( work+ = & befri5d+ ! poor2 to ! poor1 ! duties ( suff]ance & respect2 to all ! _w1 ! love ( ,god & ! *ur* :i* he has made ! deposit>y ( 8 graces4 ,:at might n be accompli%$ by su* mission>ies ( love1 labor1 sci5ce1 & peace8 ,:at w\ld n be _! influ5ce & _! au?ority8 ,aga91 let me suppose ! son ( a ri* ,engli% "l r5\nc+ ! o/5tation1 ! privileges & errors ( 8 family & religion1 &1 seiz$ ) an irresi/ible love = 8 neighbor & humanity1 seek+ 8 old fri5ds ( ,eton & ,ox=d1 communicat+ to !m ! flame ( 8 convictions1 & !n propos+ to !m to travel ?r\gh ,engl&1 ,europe1 ! _w1 & propagate ,*ri/ianity2 argu+ ev]y:]e ) ! adv]s>ies ( ! *ur*2 9 ! univ]sities1 9 ! public-h\ses1 be=e ! door ( ! palace1 or 9 ! junk-%ops & ! huts2 prea*+ ju/ice to ! ,engli%1 to ! ,iri% respect = ! laws1 to all ! _w peace1 sci5ce1 lib]ty2 op5+ "h a s*ool1 !re a hospital1 & draw+ aft] him 8 contempor>ies1 by ! au?ority ( fai?1 ! p[] ( sci5ce1 ! contagion ( devotion4 ,if y c imag9e ! results obta9$ by ! ,o',connells1 ! ,fa!rs ,ma!ws1 & ! ,newmans1 y w =m a feeble idea ( a revolution t c\ld produce a phalanx ( m5 ( su* vigor\s temp]am5t4 ,?is son ( ! weal?y m]*ant1 & ?is *ild ( an illu/ri\s h\se1 exi/$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,! "o1 said ,dante1 0 surr\nd$ by all ! clat ( ! s]aphim1 & ! o!r walk$ 9 wisdom & sanctity 9 ! spl5dor ( ! *]ubim4 ,! hi/ory ( ! life & works ( ^! two extraord9>y m5 conta9s mo/ preci\s tea*+s1 ! deep import ( :i* (t5 escapes u1 because giv5 to u 9 su* a common way1 )\t expla9+ _! actual life4 ,?is s]aphim 7,sa9t ,francis7 & ?is *]ubim 7,sa9t ,dom9ic7 gov]n$ ! entire ?irte5? c5tury by ! extraord9>y movem5t !y impress$ on s\ls1 & by ! moral conque/s1 political1 sci5tific1 lit]>y1 & arti/ic1 ) :i* _! disciples enri*$ humanity4 ,! ,m5dicant fri>s1 z !y 7 lat] call$1 7 n only cloi/]$ religi\s1 giv+ !mselves solely to a contemplative life1 & only leav+ _! conv5ts = ! *ur*2 !y 7 citiz5s 9 e acceptation ( ! ^w1 b v[$ to no ambitions1 m+l+ ) _! contempor>ies1 liv+ 9 ! =um1 & m\nt+ ! tribune ( ! popul> assemblies z well z ! pulpits ( ! univ]sities4 ,:5 ?is tribune or pulpit 0 =bidd5 !m1 !y improvis$ "o ( _! own1 & made appeals to ! p :o wi%$ to he> ! well-kn[n voices1 simple1 dis9t]e/$1 lov+1 & !re=e eloqu5t4 #chf ,?us ! ,franciscans p5etrat$ ev5 into ,*9a1 on ! horse ( ,/4 ,francis--t is1 on foot--& trav]s+1 wond]ful z x may appe>1 ! :ole cont95t ( ,asia4 ,!y f\nd$ a ,*ri/ian colony at ,pek91 :]e ! %ips ( ,france & ,engl& c\ld only ent] ) noise ( cannon--a result assur$ly m impos+ b n half s c]ta94 ,dur+ ! ,r5aissance1 :5 ! fir/ ,holl& vessels arriv$ at ,gre5l&1 !y f\nd !re a conv5t ( ,dom9icans4 ,9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 !re 71 ev5 9 civiliz$ ,europe1 m ,*9ese & ,lapl&]s ?an w\ld be suppos$4 ,to conv]t !m1 ! ,franciscans & ,dom9icans appli$ !mselves assidu\sly1 vanqui%+ !m by sci5ce1 & conv9c+ !m by *>ity4 ,i und]/& ! ^w sci5ce 9 its old acceptation2 a deep rational rese>* into ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ?+s & ! orig9 ( our k4 ,at no epo* ( hi/ory1 ,i d>e to say1 has ?is rese>* be5 c>ri$ on by m passionate lov]s1 by m p[]ful intellig5ces1 by m magnanim\s he>ts1 ?an ! ,m5dicant monks ( ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,to prove ?is1 let me only m5tion f\r names4 ,! fir/ 9 date is ! ,c\nt de ,boll/a$t1 fir/ ,bi%op ( ,ratisbon1 !n ,dom9ican2 a pr(essor ( ,cologne1 & a p]fect encyclop$ia2 8 gigantic works replete ) all ! ideas ( 8 "t1 & ! initiator ( ,g]man le>n+4 ,?is sci5tific k 0 only surpass$ by t ( 8 pupil & companion1 ! ,c\nt d',aqu91 desc5dant ( ,/auf5 on 8 "m's side1 & call$ by 8 comrades ! ox ( ,sicily1 by ! le>n$ _w ! angel ( ! s*ools1 & by ! *ur* ,sa9t ,?omas4 ,8 pr9cipal !ological "w 7,summa ,totius ,!ologiae ,trip>tita7 rema9$ unf9i%$ ) ! gr& ca!drals ( ! middle ages2 b :at we "k ( ?is & ! o!r works ( ?is prodigi\s man w suffice to place him 9 ! rank ( ! greate/ g5iuses t h appe>$ on ! e>?4 ,h[ev] he himself emulat$ 9 sci5ce ! g5ius ( 8 fri5d1 ! s]aphic doctor1 ,jean de ,fidanza1 ( ,tuscany1 pr(essor 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,p>is1 an admirable man1 ( :om 8 ma/]1 ! ,engli% ,franciscan1 ,alex&] ,hales1 said3 ,v]us ,israelita 9 quo ,adam non peccasse videtur4 ,:5 !y br\ght him ! c>d9al's hat1 ,sa9t ,bonav5tura 0 occupi$ 9 plac+ ! plates on ! table ( 8 conv5t4 ,he di$ at ! g5]al c\ncil at ,lyons1 7#abgd17 j at ! mom5t :5 he 0 endeavor+ to reunite ! ,greek to ! ,roman ,*ur*4 ,! f\r? ( ^! great doctors1 :o truly indoctr9at$ sci5ce1 is ! great ,engli% ,franciscan1 ! admirable doctor1 ,rog] ,bacon1 philologi/ & naturali/1 :o pr$ict$ /eam navigation & railroads4 ,he is also suppos$ to h inv5t$ ! telescope1 & =ese5 ! discov]y ( ,am]ica4 ,! ,prote/ants ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 :o pret5d$ to %$ light on ! _w1 un=tunately burnt ! conv5t t held ! manuscripts ( ?is precursor ( natural sci5ce4 ,a ,fr5* writ]1 :o does himself honor 9 protect+ ! *ur* ) 8 valiant p5 z o!rs h done ) _! swords1 ,m4 ,l4 ,veuillot1 & ( :om x may be said1 brave z 8 p51 says some:]e t ! ?irte5? c5tury has produc$ su* great ?+s 9 ! moral ord] t ,sa9t ,?omas _h be5 able to build up ! colossus /yl$ ,la ,somme2 yet dur+ ?is epo* p w5t on foot1 & "t 0 n lo/ runn+ ov] ! _w on railroads4 #chg ,i am p]suad$ ! contempor>ies ( ,rog] ,bacon w\ld n h approv$ ( ?is apologetic argum5t2 = if !y _h kn[n ! great discov]ies ( our day1 ( :at works w\ld n su* vigor\s & univ]sal m9ds h be5 capable8 ,if su* m51 consum$ by activity1 by love ( sci5ce & humanity1 ran f ,naples to ,ox=d1 f ,bologna to ,p>is1 pr(ess+1 prea*+1 writ+1 adm9i/]+ ! sacram5ts1 direct+ _! communities1 or work+ ) ! pope & ! bi%ops 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! *ur*2 if su* m5 h produc$ su* great ?+s on foot1 :at w\ld !y n h und]tak5 ) railroads at _! disposal8 ,to-day !re come f ,italy b few philosoph]s measurable ) ! ,c\nt d',aqu9 & ,jean de ,fidanza2 b1 to make am5ds1 h[ easy to convoke an oecum5ical c\ncil & s5d z\aves to ,rome6 ,! obs]vation ,i h j made is n a digression1 = x t5ds to demon/rate ! pr(\ndly practical aim ( sci5ce 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,^! pr(essors ( ,p>is1 ,cologne1 & ,ox=d did n cont5t !mselves ) tea*+ _! doctr9es f ! privileg$ b5*es ( a univ]sity to a few cultivat$1 delicate1 & critical m9ds4 ,!y did n /yle !mselves philosoph]s1 z ! wise m5 by pr(ession1 :o 9 ! la/ c5tury wi%$ ?us to di/+ui% ,*ri/ians4 ,!y practis$ _! doctr9es1 & _! tea*+ 0 democratic1 7p>don ! s mu* abus$ expression17 n only on acc\nt ( _! pr9ciples b 9 reg>d to ! public :om !y address$4 ,!y call$ all ! _w to ! feet ( _! pulpits1 & aft] di/ribut+ ! bread ( fai? & sci5ce1 t ( *>ity 0 n want+4 ,?us1 said ,ozanam1 ! poor knew & bless$ _! names4 ,& ev5 to-day1 aft] six hundr$ ye>s1 ! inhabitants ( ,p>is b5d ! knee be=e ! alt>s ( ! angel ( ! s*ools1 & ! workm5 ( ,lyons are honor$ 9 c>ry+ once a ye>1 on _! robu/ %\ld]s1 ! triumphant rema9s ( ! s]aphic doctor4 ,footnote #acc ,c we believe t six c5turies h5ce !y w d ! same = ! a%es ( ,kant1 ,fi*te1 or ,hegel8 ,footnote #acc3 ,dante et la ,philosophie ,ca?olique1 p4 i4 *4 ii4 p4 #hh4 ,?is en?usiasm ( holy p = sci5ce 0 n entirely ! fruit ( ! doctr9es ( ,/4 ,francis & ,/4 ,dom9ic1 or ( ! p]sonal t5d5cies ( _! disciples4 ,:5 ! zeal = su* subjects weak5$1 ! *ur* tri$ to revive ! flame4 ,let u recall ! bull ( #abed1 publi%$ by ,innoc5t ,,iv41 = ! re-e/abli%m5t ( philosophical /udies3 ,a deplorable rumor1 spread abroad & repeat$ f m\? to m\?1 has rea*$ our e>s1 & deeply afflicts u4 ,x is said t ! _m aspirants = ! prie/hood1 ab&on+1 repudiat+ ev51 philosophical /udies1 & consequ5tly ! tea*+s ( !ology1 h s\ght ! diff]5t s*ools to expla9 ! civil laws4 ,s>ah !n is ! slave1 & ,hag> has become mi/ress4 ,we h tri$ to f9d a rem$y = ?is unexpect$ disord]4 ,we w\ld br+ back m9ds to ! /udy ( !ology1 :i* is ! sci5ce ( salvation1 or at lea/ to philosophical /udies1 9 :i* x is true ! t5d]e/ emotions ( piety are n met )1 b :]e ! s\l discov]s ! fir/ lights ( et]nal tru?1 & frees itself f ! mis]able preoccupations ( cupidity--! root ( all evil1 & a species ( idolatry4 #chh ,!re=e we decide by ^! pres5ts1 t 9 future no pr(essor ( jurisprud5ce1 no lawy]1 :atev] may be 8 rank or ! r5[n he may enjoy 9 ! practice ( law1 c pret5d to any preb5d1 honor1 or ecclesia/ical dignity1 nor ev5 to an inf]ior b5efice1 if he has n giv5 pro(s ( requisite capacity 9 ! faculty ( arts1 & if he is n recomm5d$ by ! innoc5ce ( 8 life & ! purity ( 8 mann]s4 ,su* admirable tea*+ c\ld n rema9 b>r5 9 a ,*ri/ian society4 ,9 #abef1 j z ,pope ,alex&] ,,iv4 _h decl>$ all ! s]fs emancipat$ :o w\ld ab&on ! cause ( ,ezel9 le ,froce1 ! au?orities ( ,bologna proce$$ to ! g5]al enfran*isem5t ( ^? ( _! t]ritory4 ,! city 0 n cont5t$ to set free only its own s]fs2 x ext5d$ ! b5efit to ^? belong+ to private ma/]s1 indemnify+ ! proprietors1 z "s mod]n /ates h done 9 ! slav]y ( ! blacks3 ! middle age 0 di/+ui%$ always = its respect = acquir$ rights4 ,! /ate paid t5 livres = e s]f ov] f\rte51 eight livres = ^? bel[ t age4 ,! fre$m5 7 b\nd to pay to ! /ate "s mod]ate tax 9 c]eals4 ,! sugge/] ( ?is g5]\s measure 0 ,bonacursio de ,sorres9a1 capitano del popolo1 elect$ pode/a ! foll[+ ye>4 ,he plac$ ! names ( all ! enfran*is$ on a regi/] call$ ! ,p>adise ( ,joy4 ,an all-p[]ful ,god1 said he 9 ! introduction to ?is regi/]1 creat$ man free2 orig9al s9 poison$ him2 f immortal he became mortal1 f incorruptible corruptible1 f free ! slave ( hell4 ,he s5t = man's r$emption 8 only ,son1 begott5 by him f all et]nity4 ,x is !n j & equitable t man sav$ & fre$ by ,god %\ld n /agnate 9 s]vitude1 :]e human laws h precipitat$ him2 t he %\ld be set free4 ,by ^! consid]ations1 ,bologna1 :i* has always f\ght = public lib]ty1 :i* recalls ! pa/ & weighs ! future1 has = ! glory ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ r$eem$ all ! s]fs ( its t]ritory1 & proclaim$1 = ! future1 slav]y w be no m tol]at$4 ,a little leav5 leav5s ! :ole lump2 ! pres5ce ( "o degrad$ be+ di%onors society4 ,x is "r to obs]ve t ?is noble language is ! reproduction1 (t5 textual1 ( ! well-kn[n words ( ! holy ,pope ,gregory ,i41 ! ,great1 aga9/ ! slav]y ( ! ,anglo-,saxons4 ,t5 ye>s aft]w>d ,bela1 k+ ( ,hung>y1 hav+ reject$ a bi%op because he 0 born a s]f1 ! pope wrote him t ! w ( man c\ld n prescribe aga9/ nature1 t has giv5 lib]ty to ! human race4 ,x is a frequ5t error among m51 said ! ,c\nt d',aqu91 to believe !mselves noble because !y are ! issue ( noble families4 444 ,x is well n to h fail$ 9 examples ( noble ance/ors2 b x is f> bett] to h adorn$ an humble bir? ) great actions4 444 ,i repeat1 !n1 ) ,sa9t ,j]ome1 t no?+ appe>s to me wor? envy+ 9 ?is pret5d$ h]$it>y nobility1 if ! nobles !mselves are n re/ra9$ 9 ! pa?s ( virtue by ! %ame ( d]ogat+ f x4 ,! true nobility is t ( ! s\l1 accord+ to ! words ( ! poet3 ',nobilitas sola e/ animum quae moribus ornat4' ,footnote #acd ,footnote #acd3 ,de ,eruditione ,pr9cipum4 ,a disciple ( ?is great ma/]1 ! ,b4 ,egide ,colonna1 c>d9al ar*bi%op ( ,b\rges1 wrote 9 8 book1 ,de ,regim9e ,pr9cipum3 ,society _c atta9 to ! supreme end assign$ x )\t a comb9ation ( ?ree means--virtue1 light1 & ext]ior well-be+4 ,a pr9ce %\ld1 !n1 9 8 k+dom fir/ wat* ) wise solicitude ov] ! culture ( lett]s1 9 ord] to multiply ! numb] ( ! le>n$ & skilful4 ,footnote #ace 7no ref]5ce2 probably ,de ,regim9e ,pr9cipum73 ,liv4 iii4 p4 #b1 c4 viii4 #chi ,= :]e sci5ce fl\ri%es1 & ! s\rces ( /udy spr+ up1 soon] or lat] in/ruction is dissem9at$ among ! cr[d4 ,s1 to dissipate ! %ad[s ( ignorance :i* %amefully envelop ! face ( royalty1 ! k+ %\ld enc\rage lett]s by a favorable att5tion4 ,/ill m1 if he refuses ! necess>y enc\ragem5t1 & does n wi% 8 subjects in/ruct$1 he ceases to be a k+--he becomes a tyrant4 ,to f9i% ! picture ( ! ideas ( ?is "t1 let u quote aga9 ^! words ( a s]mon ( ! g5tle & s]aphic ,bonav5tura3 ,we f9d today great sc&als 9 gov]nm5ts2 = :ile an inexp]i5c$ pilot w\ld n be plac$ on a %ip to manage ! rudd]1 we put at ! head ( nations ^? :o ignore ! art ( gov]n+ !m4 ,:5 ! "r ( succession places *ildr5 on a ?rone1 woe to empires6 ,! doctr9es ( ! ?irte5? c5tury on ! =mation ( public p[]1 on ! duties ( supreme au?ority1 on ! rights ( p1 on s$ition1 etc41 are s rigor\s t !y appe> bold1 ev5 9 our "t1 :5 ! defect is n precisely an excess ( res]ve & respect4 ,tru? alone c free ! human m9d f e prejudice1 develop "*1 & inspire a language at once s pr\d & s simple4 ,:at reflections x provokes :5 "o has li/5$ to ! magnific5t platitudes ( s _m m5 ( our "t1 :o believe !y ?9k freely because !y are n ,*ri/ians4 ,:5 ,innoc5t ,,iv41 ,cele/9 ,,iv41 ,/4 ,?omas1 ! ,b4 ,egide ,colonna1 & ,/4 ,bonav5tura spoke ?us1 ! ,caes>ism ( ! middle ages 0 decid$ly vanqui%$ = sev]al c5turies4 ,?is is "o ( ! gr&e/ facts ( hi/ory s9ce ! inc>nation ( ! ,^w4 ,! emp]ors ( ! h\se ( ,swabia1 assum+ ) great] p[] & m sci5ce ! despotic plans ( ! ,saxon emp]ors1 _h ! mon/r\s pret5sion to realize to ! lett] ^! texts ( ,! ,dige/3 ,! w ( ! pr9ce is law1 7,ulp427 ,! pr9ce is above all laws1 7,paul47 ,by virtue ( ^! texts ! pr9ce comm&+ w\ld h be5 ! absolute sov]eign ( ! _w1 ! proprietor ( ! ,*ri/ian univ]se1 & n only ( ! royalties ( ! e>?1 b also ( private prop]ty4 ,int]pret]s taught )\t blu%+ ! ,caes>ian !ory ( ! dom9ium mundi4 ,le ,recueil des ,lois ( ,sicily1 revis$ by ,pi]re de ,vigne = ,fr$]ic ,,ii41 & promulgat$ by ?is autocrat 9 ! k+dom ( ,naples1 is a model ( ?is abom9able legislation t progressi/s ( our day sometimes dream ( re/or+4 ,! ,roman ,*ur* alone resi/$ ^! false pr9ciples1 ^! mon/r\s politics1 &1 ?anks be to ,god1 %e triumph$4 ,! rul] ( mod]n times has become :at he 0 9 ! age ( pretorian law1 corrupt$ by ! ,caes>ian jurors ( ! empire1 ( ! middle ages1 & p>ticul>ly ! ,r5aissance1 t is to say1 ! p1 :o by a s-call$ royal law w\ld h rel9qui%$ _! rights into ! h&s ( ! ,roman emp]ors4 ,b if ! sov]eign p c\ld n b be a majority purely num]ical1 arrogat+ 9 its turn ! pret5d$ laws ( ,caes>1 ! /ruggles ( ! middle age betwe5 ! cl]gy & ! empire w\ld c]ta9ly be r5ew$4 ,?is indissoluble alliance betwe5 ,*ri/ian tru? & civil lib]ty is "o ( ! mo/ /rik+ facts to ^? :o /udy hi/ory )\t prejudice2 "o ( ! be/ apologetic argum5ts ,i "k4 #cij ,9 ! ea/1 ,caes>ism has only be5 able to succe$ ?r\gh ! corruption ( ! ecclesia/ical hi]>*y & ?r\gh s*ism2 & we "k only too well :at has become ( ! c\ntries :]e ,hom] sang1 :]e ,plato wrote1 & :]e ,sa9t ,gregory ( ,nazianz5 & ,/4 ,basil prea*$4 ,europe has _h to suff] frequ5tly f an excess ( p[] 9 individuals 9 ! *ur*2 b !y mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) ! *ur* itself1 :i* has introduc$ into ! _w ! di/9ction ( two p[]s3 ?is salut>y di/9ction 0 n kn[n ( old1 & is only m5ac$ 9 our day by rationalism 9 ! /ate4 ,! p h und]/ood ?is augu/ rle ( ! *ur*1 & d n cease to invoke ) ! poet3 ,hail1 mighty p>5t4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ru9 accumulat$ by ! ambition ( pr9ces1 ! corruption ( gov]nm5ts1 human passions1 or "t t has no respect = tru?1 !re rema9s today no?+ b ! good old pope1 & "y nations ask ! b5$iction ( ! ag$ man4 ,9 mod]n democracies !re w soon exi/ b "o hi/orical in/itution1 ! papacy4 ,! old religions ( paganism h left u b cold & gigantic pyramids ( /one inclos+ ! a%es ( _! prie/s4 ,*ri/ianity1 on ! contr>y1 has transmitt$ u ! liv+ /one ( ! *ur*1 :i* w outlive ! du/ ( ages4 ,9 all ^! /ruggles aga9/ h]esies1 s*ism1 mat]ialism1 ,caes>ism1 ! ,roman ,*ur* _h f ! t5? to ! ?irte5? c5tury its allies1 ! communes1 :o 7 ! masses ( ^? days4 ,civil lib]ty 01 s to say1 ! fruit ( ! prea*+s ( ! *ur*4 ,x 0 f ?is epo* we date ! ,mass aga9/ tyrants1 :i* c be f\nd 9 ! old missals4 ,x 0 at ! end ( ! twelf? & ! beg9n+ ( ! ?irte5? c5turies1 "u ! pontificates ( ,alex&] ,,iii4 & ,innoc5t ,,iii41 two ( ! noble/ successors ( ,/4 ,pet]1 t ?is alliance1 s natural1 s necess>y1 betwe5 ! *ur* t repres5ts ! human consci5ce1 & ! communes :o repres5t ! lib]ty & indep5d5ce ( ! citiz51 produc$ ! mo/ happy & consid]able results4 ,9 #aahc 0 sign$ ! peace ( ,con/ance1 :i* assur$ def9itively ! lib]ty ( ! ,lomb>d p4 ,9 ! f9al clause ( ! petition ( ! citiz5s ( ,plaisance1 ! prelim9>y ( ?is celebrat$ peace1 ! deputies ( ! ,lomb>d ,league _h expressly /ipulat$ t x w\ld be p]mitt$ to ! cities ( ! society to rema9 always 9 unity ) ! *ur*4 ,! great *>t] ( ! lib]ties ( ,engl& dates f #abae4 ,at ! head ( ! signatures ( ?is memorable act = ! ,engli% p is f\nd1 = ! *ur* & = lib]ty1 a disciple ( ! pope1 ! le>n$ ,c>d9al ,/eph5 ,langton1 ^: /atue has rec5tly be5 introduc$ into ,we/m9/] ,palace1 :]e x w be a significant witness ( ! pa/1 & ( ! salut>y brea? :i* is pass+ to-day ov] old ,engl&4 ,& n only 9 ,engl&1 b 9 ,spa9 & ,hung>y1 _h ! *ur* surr\nd$ ! cradle ( mod]n repres5tative rule ) its mat]nal c>es1 by its celebrat$ ,gold5 ,bull e/abli%+ ! law ( peoples & communities on ! basis :i* to-day x enjoys 9 ?is apo/olical k+dom4 ,b 9 ! ,italian cities p>ticul>ly is be/ obs]v$ ! fecundity ( ?is salut>y alliance betwe5 ! s5tim5ts ( ! citiz5 & ^? ( ! ,*ri/ian4 #cia ,i h spok5 ( ! sci5tific & religi\s rle ( ! ,m5dicant fri>s2 x w\ld be bett] to call !m citiz5-monks4 ,at ,bologna1 x 0 "o ( !m :o fulfill$ ! function ( inspector-g5]al to ! p4 ,ezel9 le ,froce1 tyrant ( ! m>%es ( ,v]ona1 & ! t]ror ( ! ,lomb>d cities1 0 only afraid ( ! ,franciscans1 especially ,sa9t ,antony ( ,padua4 ,aft] t5 ye>s ( p5it5ce1 ,sa9t ,francis1 hav+ pray$ & wat*$ = =ty nights1 ord]$ ,bro!r ,leon>d to take a p5 & write :at he %\ld dictate2 & ?is angelic man1 entranc$ by ! ravi%m5ts ( div9e love1 improvis$ ! foll[+ beautiful canticle3 ,mo/ high1 mo/ p[]ful & graci\s ,"l1 to !e belong praise1 glory1 & e bless+4 ,all is due to !e2 & ?y creatures are n wor?y s mu* z to call ?y "n4 ,prais$ be ,god my ,"l = all creatures1 & = our bro!r ! sun1 :o gives u ! day & ! light4 ,beautiful & radiat+ 9 all 8 spl5dor1 he does homage to !e1 ,o my ,god6 ,& prais$ be ?\1 my ,"l1 = our si/] ! moon1 & = ! />s4 ,?\ ha/ =m$ !m 9 ! heav5s1 cle> & beautiful4 ,prais$ be ?\1 my ,god1 = my bro!r ! w9d1 = ! air & ! cl\ds1 & = good & bad wea!r1 :atev] x may be6 = by ^! ?\ su/a9e/ ?y creatures4 ,prais$ be my ,"l = our si/] ! wat]1 :i* is s useful1 humble1 preci\s1 & *a/e4 ,prais$ be ?\1 my ,god1 = our bro!r ! fire6 ,by him1 ?\ illum9e/ ! night2 beautiful & pleasant to see1 untamable & /rong4 ,prais$ be my ,god = our "m ! e>?1 :i* su/a9s u1 n\ri%es u1 & produces e sort ( fruit1 ( v>i\s fl[]s1 & h]bs6 ,a few days aft] ?is admirable sc5e1 !re occurr$ betwe5 ! ,bi%op ( ,assisi & ! magi/rates ( ! p "o ( ^? qu>rels s frequ5t 9 ! ,italian cities ( ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,sa9t ,francis1 di/ress$ at su* discord1 add$ to 8 canticle ! foll[+ v]se3 ,prais$ be ?\1 my ,"l1 = ^? :o =give = ! love ( !e1 & :o pati5tly be> infirmity & tribulation4 ,happy ^? :o p]sev]e 9 peace2 = x is ! ,mo/ ,high :o w cr[n !m at la/4 ,!n he ord]$ ! m9or bro!rs to ha/5 to ! magi/rates & g ) !m to ! bi%op1 be=e :om !y 7 to *ant ! new v]se ( ! canticle ( ! sun4 ,! adv]s>ies pres5t c\ld n resi/ ! *ant+ ( ! m9eurs1 & !y 7 reconcil$4 ,s9ce ,i h m5tion$ ! canticle ( ! sun1 "o ( ! models ( ,franciscan poetry ( ?is age1 ,i _c =ego ! pleasure ( relat+ ! end ( x4 ,aft] ! pacification ( ,assisi1 ,sa9t ,francis1 :o suff]$ t]ribly f 8 /igmata1 _h gone1 to recruit 8 heal?1 to ,foligno1 :]e x 0 reveal$ to him he w\ld die 9 two ye>s4 ,he !n compos$ ! la/ v]se3 ,be prais$1 my ,god1 = our si/]1 corporal dea?1 f :i* no man liv+ may escape6 ,woe to him :o dies 9 mortal s96 ,happy he :o at ! h\r ( dea? is f\nd con=mable to ?y mo/ holy w6 = dea? _c injure him4 ,praise & bless my ,god1 r5d] him ?anks1 & s]ve him ) great humility4 ,! _s ( p>ty _h become truly a moral malady 9 ! ,italian cities ( ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,if among my read]s !re are ^? :o abuse _! own "t because ! _s ( p>ty condemns !m to ! /ruggle1 ,i w tell !m t 9 ,italy1 9 ! "t ( ,sa9t ,francis & ,sa9t ,l\is1 !y salut$ ea* o!r 9 ,ghibell9e /yle & cut _! bread la ,guelph1 & = a trifle p>ties attack$ ea* o!r 9 ! cross-/reets & 9 ! public places4 ,we h c]ta9ly progress$ s9ce !n4 #cib ,9 #abcc1 ! nobles & ! p ( ,plaisance 7 9 op5 w>f>e2 ! ,franciscan ,leon1 select$ z arbit]1 publi%$ a law1 & divid$ equally all ! employm5ts ( /ate betwe5 ! two inimical factions2 he exact$1 besides1 a confirmation ( ! s5t5ce ?r\gh ! kiss ( peace4 ,9 ! same ye> ! bro!r ,g]>d1 ( ! same ord]1 reconcil$ ! p>ties at ,mod5a4 ,at ,p>ma1 he re=m$ ! /atutes ( ! p & recall$ ! proscriptions4 ,9 #abeg1 ! ,dom9ican ,eb]h>d caus$ to be set at lib]ty ! ,guelphs imprison$ at ,brescia4 ,"o ( 8 companions _h ! same success at ,p>ma4 ,b ! mo/ int]e/+ example ( ! p[]ful influ5ce ( religion on civil life 0 ! mission ( ! bro!r ,john ( ,vic5za1 9 ! ,lomb>d t[ns4 ,inspir$ by an apo/olic zeal1 ! ag$ ,pope ,gregory ,,ix4 *>g$ ! ,dom9ican1 ,john ( ,vic5za1 7,fra ,giovanni ,*io17 to g prea* peace to ! inimical factions1 & re-e/abli% ev]y:]e among ! p union & concord4 ,bro!r ,john1 end[$ ) w9n+ eloqu5ce1 comm5c$ 8 mission at ,bologna4 ,he obta9$ imm5se & unhop$-= success 9 ! city :]e ,sa9t ,francis & ,sa9t ,an?ony _h already a*iev$ extraord9>y triumphs2 nobles & p1 pr(essors & /ud5ts1 all laid d[n _! enmities at ! feet ( ! bro!r prea*]2 ! magi/rates h&$ him ! /atutes ( ! p1 9 ord] t he might correct all t c\ld give rise to new discussions4 ,! ,paduans1 in=m$ t he 0 com+ to !m1 w5t to meet him1 prec$$ by _! magi/rates & ! c>roccio1 to ,monselice1 f\r or five miles f ! city2 ,bro!r ,john1 seat$ on ! patriotic c>1 made a triumphal entry among ! p2 ! success 9 ,padua surpass$ t ( ,bologna2 ! p assembl$ at ! ,place de la ,valle1 applaud$ him ) joy1 & begg$ him to re=m ! /atutes4 ,! same triumphs at ,trevise1 ,feltre1 ,belluna1 & ,vic5za4 ,at ,v]ona1 ,ezel9 & ! ,montec*i promis$ him "u oa? to d ev]y?+ ! pope might ord]4 ,! eloqu5t monk aga9 visit$ su* places z ,cam9o1 ,conegliano1 ,sa9t ,boniface1 ,mantua1 ,brescia1 prea*+ ev]y:]e univ]sal peace1 reconcil+ factions1 & sett+ prison]s at lib]ty4 ,at la/1 he appo9t$ ! #bh? ( ,augu/1 ! fea/ ( ,sa9t ,augu/9e1 = a g5]al assembly to be held on ! pla9 ( ,pacqu>a1 on ! bord]s ( ! ,adige1 ab\t ?ree miles f ,v]ona4 ,on ! day det]m9$1 ! entire populations ( ,v]ona1 ,mantua1 ,brescia1 ,padua1 ,vic5za1 ) _! magi/rates & c>roccio1 arriv$ at ! appo9t$ place2 a multitude ( p f ,trevise1 ,feltre1 ,v5ice1 ,f]r>a1 ,mod5a1 ,reggio1 ,p>ma1 ,bologna1 & mo/ ( !m b>efoot$ 9 sign ( p5it5ce2 ! bi%ops ( ,v]ona1 ,brescia1 ,mantua1 ,bologna1 ,mod5a1 ,reggio1 ,trevise1 ,vic5za1 & ,padua2 ! patri>* ( ,aquila2 ! m>grave ( ,e/e1 ,ezel9 & ,alb]ic de ,romano1 ! ,sign]s de ,cam9o1 & all ( ,v5etia4 ,p>isio de ,c]eta1 a contempor>y au?or1 9 8 ,v]onese *ronicle1 enum]ates 8 auditory at f\r hundr$ ?\s& p]sons4 ,! ,dom9ican took = 8 text3 ,my peace ,i give to y1 my peace ,i leave to y4 ,nev] _h ,*ri/ians witness$ a m augu/ spectacle4 ,! en?usiasm 0 c>ri$ ev5 to excess4 ,x 0 a delirium ( peace & union4 ,bro!r ,john orda9$1 9 ! "n ( ,god & ! *ur*1 a g5]al pacification1 & devot$ ^? :o infr+$ ^u x to excommunication & et]nal mal$iction4 ,he propos$ ! m>riage ( ,r5aud1 son ( ! m>grave ( ,e/e1 ) ,adelaide1 daught] ( ,alb]ic ( ,romano1 & obta9$ also f ! bro!rs ,romano ! promise !y w\ld sell to ! t[n ( ,padua = fifte5 hundr$ livres ! possessions !y _h 9 ! t]ritory ( ?is city4 ,! act embrac$ div]s clauses1 & conta9$ promises ( pacification4 #cic ,sixty ye>s aft] ! assass9ation ( ,pope ,lucius ,,ii4 by ! ,arnoldites1 ! spiritual p[] ( ! papacy 01 s to say1 omnipot5t 9 ,italy1 if n 9 ! :ole ( ,europe4 ,& x is precisely ab\t ?is epo* t 9 proportion z ! civil p[] ( ! ,roman ,*ur* det]m9$1 limit$1 & =tifi$ itself1 9 ,italy ! ecclesia/ical pr9cipalities 7 ext+ui%$2 :ile = c5turies !y h be5 ma9ta9$ 9 o!r c\ntries1 less submissive to ! ,holy ,see4 ,?is fact w n a/oni% u1 if we foll[ ) att5tion ! progression ( ideas propagat$ by ,*ri/ianity1 & tak+ su* deep root 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,?us ! sap ( ,*ri/ianity m\nts 9 all ! bran*es ( ?is imm5se tree call$ humanity1 & produces abundant fruit4 ,! ,go?ic art is display$ :ile develop+ ! ,roman2 ! ogive comes out f ! ar* by a natural elevation t[>d ! summit or ! ro(4 ,elliptical =ms1 wis] & m p]fect ?an circul> ones1 7! circle is an ellipsis 9 :i* ! focuses are bl5d$17 trans=m ! ar*itecture1 & give to ! monum5ts an app>5t flight to heav51 j z ! /udy ( ! ellipsis 9 analytical geometry conducts to ! inf9ite4 ,! au/]e en]gy ( ,/4 ,b]n>d _h no "t = art4 ,he ne$$ ! sci5ce ( ,rog] ,bacon & ! poetry ( ,/4 ,francis4 ,! ,roman basilica gives place to ! ,go?ic ca!dral1 & ?r[s its graci\s %ad[s on ! mansions ( ! neighbor+ t[n4 ,! :ole ( ,europe is cov]$ ) a vegetation ( admirable monum5ts1 epic poems ( /one--z ! *ur* ( ,assisi1 ! ca!dral ( ,flor5ce1 ! ca!dral ( ,cologne--poetry ( ! highe/ ord]1 n = ri* idl]s1 or delicate m9ds1 b = ! p en masse4 ,art agrees ) ! epo* ( :i* x is ! emanation--x is = ! p !mselves4 ,! m ,i see ( ^! ,go?ic monum5ts1 wrote ,m4 ,david1 7d' ,ang]s17 ! m ,i exp]i5ce ! happ9ess ( read+ ^! beautiful religi\s pages s pi\sly sculptur$ on ! secul> walls ( ! *ur*es4 ,!y 7 ! ar*ives ( an ignorant p2 x 0 !re=e necess>y ! h&writ+ %\ld be legible4 ,! sa9ts sculptur$ 9 ,go?ic art h an expression ( s]5ity & calmness1 full ( confid5ce & fai?4 ,?is ev5+1 z ,i write1 ! sett+ sun gilds ! faade ( ! ca!dral ( ,ami5s3 ! calm faces ( ! sa9ts 9 /one diffuse a radiant light4 ,my/]i\s p[] ( tru?6 ,m4 ,david 0 attract$ to x by art2 ,m4 ,pug9 0 conv]t$1 x is said1 by /udy+ ! ca!dral ( ,york4 ,9 tru?1 !re are few languages m p]fect ?an t ( ! symbolism1 s deep & complete1 ( ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,! m5 ( ! middle age1 said "o ^: works & remembrances are v de> to me--! m5 ( ! middle age 7 n satisfi$ to simply raise /one ^u /one2 ^! /ones 7 to speak1 & speak a language ( pa9t+1 equally und]/ood by ri* & poor2 heav5 itself mu/ be visible1 & ! angels & sa9ts rema9 pres5t by _! images1 to console & prea* to ! p4 ,! vaults ( ! two basilicas ( ,assisi 7 cov]$ ) a field ( blue1 /rewn ) />s ( gold4 ,on ! walls 7 display$ ! my/]ies ( ! two ,te/am5ts1 & ! life ( ,/4 ,francis =m$ ! sequel to ! book ( div9e revelations4 #cid ,b1 z if x 7 impossible to approa* ) impunity ! miracul\s tomb1 ! pa9t]s :o ornam5t$ 9 fresco seem$ inspir$ ) a new _s2 !y conceiv$ an ideal m pure1 m animat$1 ?an ! old ,byzant9e types :i* _h _h _! day1 b :i* = eight hundr$ ye>s _h cont9u$ to deg5]ate4 ,! basilica ( ,assisi became ! cradle ( a r5aissance 9 art1 & evid5c$ its progress4 ,!re ,guido ( ,si5na & ,giunta ( ,pisa deta*$ !mselves m & m f ! ,greek ma/]s ^: aridity !y s(t5$ & ^: immobility !y %att]$4 ,!n came ,cimabue4 ,he repres5t$ all ! sacr$ writ+s 9 a s]ies ( pa9t+s :i* decorat$ ! pr9cipal "p ( ! *ur*1 & :i* "t has mutilat$4 ,b six hundr$ ye>s h n t>ni%$ ! spl5dor ( ! heads ( ,*ri/1 ( ! ,virg91 & ( ,/4 ,john1 pa9t$ at ! top ( ! vaults2 nor ! images ( ! f\r great doctors1 :]e a ,byzant9e maje/y /ill c>ries ) x an air ( life & immortal y\?4 ,at la/ ,giotto appe>$1 & "o ( 8 works 0 ! triumph ( ,/4 ,francis1 pa9t$ 9 f\r comp>tm5ts "u ! vault :i* cr[ns ! alt> ( ! *apel4 ,no?+ is m celebrat$ ?an ^! beautiful frescoes2 b ,i "k no?+ m t\*+ ?an "o 9 :i* is figur$ ! betro?al ( ! s]vant ( ,god to holy pov]ty4 ,pov]ty1 "u ! appe>ance ( a lady p]fectly beautiful1 b ! face att5uat$1 ! clo?+ torn2 a dog b>ks at h]1 two *ildr5 ?r[ /ones at h]1 & put ?orns 9 h] way4 ,%e1 h[ev]1 calm & joy\s1 holds out h] h& to ,/4 ,francis2 ,*ri/ himself unites ! two sp\ses2 & 9 ! mid/ ( cl\ds appe>s ! ,et]nal ,fa!r accompani$ by angels1 z if too mu* ( heav5 & e>? c\ld n be giv5 to assi/ at ! w$d+ ( ^! two m5dicants4 ,"h1 no?+ sugge/s ! pa9t+ ( ! ,grecian s*ool2 all is new1 free1 & inspir$4 ,progress did n cease ) ! disciples ( ,giotto appo9t$ to cont9ue 8 "w3 ,caval9i1 ,taddeo ,gaddi1 ,puccio ,capana4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! v>iety ( _! compositions1 we recognize ! unity ( ! fai? %$ s lu/r\sly ?r\gh _! works4 ,:5 "o pauses be=e ^! *a/e repres5tations ( ! ,virg91 ! ,annunciation1 ! ,nativity1 be=e ! crucifi$ ,*ri/1 ) ! sadd5$ angels weep+ ar\nd ! cross1 or collect+ 9 cups ! div9e blood1 x w\ld require a v h>d5$ he>t n to feel ! te>s fl[1 & n to b5d ! humbl$ knee & /rike ! brea/ ) ! %eph]ds & poor wom5 :o pray at ! feet ( su* images4 ,& ?is is ! art ( ! ?irte5? c5tury2 x caus$ to weep "u ! same vault1 & caus$ to pray on ! same slab ) poor peasants1 "o ( ! pure/-m9d$ intellig5ces1 "o ( ! noble/ he>ts ( our "t1 "o t ! ?irte5? c5tury w\ld h /yl$ ! s]aphic ,ozanam4 ,& let u aga9 rem>k ?is attraction1 at once logical & liv+ ) facts produc$ by ! g]m9ation ( ,*ri/ian ?\ght 9 civil society4 ,/4 ,francis & ,/4 ,dom9ic no long] prea* z ! disciples ( ,/4 ,b5$ict to ! few memb]s ( a milit>y olig>*y1 or to a flock ( s]fs2 !y address !mselves to a civiliz$ society1 liv+ 9 ! mid/ ( ! b5efits ( ,*ri/ianity1 )\t hav+ to give an acc\nt ( ! orig9 ( ^! b5efits2 9 ! mid/ ( a society aggr&iz$ by ! progress ( ,*ri/ian equality1 & /ill desir\s ( enl>gem5t4 ,!re is no long] a fi]ce ,licambre1 b haughty juri/s4 #cie ,no m cruel ,anglo-,saxons1 b emp]ors1 elegant1 educat$1 poetical1 s$uctive1 :o hide _! despotic projects "u titles ! mo/ pomp\s & ! mo/ fallaci\s4 ,no m pagan k+s m>tyriz+ ! ,*ri/ian2 b ,ca?olic k+s m or less s9c]e1 :o1 9 ! "n ( social & /ate int]e/s1 seek to torture consci5ces4 ,!re are no m lords ^: brutality sc&alizes ! co>se/ m9ds2 b !re are ri* citiz5s1 s(t5$ & bl9d$ by selfi%ness1 :o we>y "u ! ,*ri/ian yoke1 & :o hide _! s5sualism "u ! int]e/ !y pr(ess = ,caes> or ! pr9ce4 ,x is1 !n1 f ! "t ( ,/4 ,francis ! *ant] ( pov]ty1 f ! "t ( ,/4 ,dom9ic ! desc5dant ( ! ,guzman1 ( ! race ( ,cid1 t is born 9 ,italy1 by ! side ( ! citiz5s1 a new class :i* completes ! political emancipation ( ! ,*ri/ian p4 ,aft] hav+ gr[n up1 ! p disappe>$ "u ! ,r5aissance :5 ,prote/antism triumph$1 n to appe> aga9 until mod]n times1 9 our own age1 :5 ! sap ( ,*ri/ianity =ces ! *ur* to rem\nt into ! bran*es ( ! tree ( :i* ,i spoke4 ,art has res5t$ ?is moral revolution ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & lit]ature also4 ,! gr& writ] :om ,i h already quot$1 ,i 0 go+ to say ! poet :o has f\nd$ ! society ( ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul1 makes some:]e a reflection :i* has /ruck me =cibly4 ,h y rem>k$1 ) him1 t ! *ur* has put poetry into ! *oir1 :ile %e has bani%$ reason+ into ! pulpit--into ! gr& nave8 ,i d n say reason1 = true poetry is ! *ant ( reason4 ,poetry t ,i call real & practical1 t :i* elevates ! s\l t[>d its end1 :i* balances ! sighs ( humanity1 & clo!s itself 9 spok5 or writt5 =m1 rhy?mical or n1 ! s5tim5t :i* attracts u t[>d ! inf9ite1 & :i* ,/4 ,francis designates love1 su* poetry is simply pray]4 ,a poet is naturally sac]dotal4 ,he is really ! vates ( antiquity4 ,david & ,solomon pray$ ) lyre 9 h&1 & _! pray]s became ! hymns ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,isaiah *ant$ ! com+ ( ! ,messiah4 ,s 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 poetry 0 ev]y:]e1 a consequ5ce ( ! ,*ri/ian s5tim5t1 spread 9 e direction ?r\gh ! moral life4 ,to ,innoc5t ,,iii41 :o "u ! "n ( ! ,c\nt de ,signa 0 consid]$ "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ m5 ( 8 "t1 is attribut$ ! ,dies ,ire4 ,he has compos$ o!r spiritual songs4 ,/4 ,?omas has left u ! ,pange ,l+ua4 ,/4 ,francis is ! *ief ( ! poetic ,franciscan s*ool1 9 :i* %one ,/4 ,bonav5tura1 ,/4 ,antony1 & ! bless$ ,jacopone de ,todi1 ( :om e "o kn[s ! beautiful /anzas ,/abat ,mat] ,dolorosa1 etc4 ,!n comes ,dante1 :o gov]ns ,*ri/ian ages z ,hom] did ! old5 "t4 ,& la/ly 9 ! same age 9 ,italy1 at ,v]celli1 x is said1 liv$ & di$ ! great unkn[n :o has left u ! mo/ beautiful book f ! h& ( man1 ,! ,imitation1 ! true poem ( humanity r$eem$ by ! blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! fall1 ! r$emption1 ! gr& drama ( ! moral hi/ory ( ! _w1 ! battle ( life1 ! art ( vanqui%+ passion & matt]1 ! ef=t ( man to rea* 8 ideal on ! w+s ( simplicity & purity --:]e are ^? ?+s bett] *ant$ ?an 9 ,! ,imitation8 ,! ?irte5? c5tury1 !n1 m]its to be cit$ among ! gr&e/ epo*s ( hi/ory4 ,h[ev]1 x w\ld be a false idea to imag9e society elevat$ to a high degree ( p]fection4 #cif ,_m ,*ri/ians ( our day1 *>m$ by ! recital ( ! life & works ( ^! great sa9ts1 & by ! sight ( ! magnific5t monum5ts ( ! fir/ era ( ogival /yle1 become almo/ melan*oly1 & h a disposition to blame ev]y?+ new 9 ! _w1 & defy _! contempor>ies or future g5]ations ev5 to imitate ! virtues ( ! age ( ,innoc5t ,,iii4 ,i ?9k ?is t5d5cy all wrong1 & ,*ri/ians :o p]mit !mselves to be s c>ri$ away1 lack firmness & fai?2 = ,*ri/ianity _c decay1 & ! m ! sa9ts ( ! pa/1 ! great] ! protectors ( ! *ur* = ! future4 ,besides1 x is s easy to reg>d only ! virtues ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & ignore ! vices4 ,we mu/ rememb] ,/4 ,an?ony 0 ! neighbor & ! contempor>y ( ,ezel9 ! ,f]oci\s1 ! type ( ! tyrant ( ! mod]n _w4 ,fr$]ick ,,ii4 liv$ 9 ! same age z ,/4 ,l\is4 ,! ,sicilian ,code 0 revis$ fifty ye>s aft] ! peace ( ,con/ance1 at ! same "t z ! ,magna ,*>ta ( ,engl&4 ,/4 ,?omas d',aqu9 & ,rog] ,bacon are contempor>ies ( ! ,albig5ses4 ,y _c po9t out 9 our age an error or a calamity t has n its equal1 or r its precursor1 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,caes>ism1 vanqui%$ 9 politics1 0 protect$ by ! lit]>y m5 & ! juri/s4 ,dante 9 8 old days wrote ! ,caes>ian treatise1 ,de ,mon>*ico4 ,x 0 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 a hundr$ ye>s aft] ,innoc5t ,,iii41 t ! popes1 *as$ f ,rome & ,italy1 set out = ! exile ( ,avignon1 :i* la/$ sev5ty-five ye>s4 ,,iii4 ,a reasonable /udy ( su* gr&eur & su* fall1 ! review ( :i* mu/ demon/rate human lib]ty1 %\ld make u bett] "k our own age1 & love x ! m4 ,we possess m elem5ts ( mat]ial prosp]ity & mat]ial progress1 & we jeal\sly pres]ve ! depository ( all ! moral tru?s4 ,we enjoy great] political security1 & ! s5tim5t ( "r is m g5]al 9 our day ?an 9 any o!r4 ,:at we want1 :at has giv5 an expansive p[] & gr&eur & beauty to ! ?irte5? c5tury1 is a moral unity 9 ! g5]al direction ( civil society4 ,our epo* feels its in/9ct1 x seeks x1 x desires x4 ,p submit to ! heavie/ sacrifices1 & agitate !mselves to obta9 :at !y call _! unity4 ,x is a false1 facti\s1 ext]ior unity1 ,i "k1 b aft] all1 x is unity4 ,b a true1 liv+1 & moral unity c only be f\nd 9 ef=ts su* z ,i h tri$ to depict2 & moral unity1 :i* %\ld be ! only legitimate aim ( a p1 is n e/abli%$ by =ce1 nor ev5 by ! spl5dor ( indu/rial production1 nor ! attractions ( an economical well-be+4 ,x w only gr[ z ! p lib]ally accept ! direction ( ! ,*ri/ian law4 ,expell$ f political con/itutions1 ,i see ?is unity recon/itute itself 9 ! masses4 ,! neighbor+ democracies %\ld be ,*ri/ian4 ,rec5tly we h met a battalion ( crusad]s1 go+ to ,rome1 & com+ f ,nor? ,am]ica1 :i* w soon add to ! numb] ( its bi%ops z _m z presid$ at ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice4 ,to manife/ ) new clat ! fact ( ,*ri/ianity1 & advance s salut>y a movem5t1 :i* w p]haps produce moral spl5dors unkn[n to ! ?irte5? c5tury1 we mu/ arm ourselves1 "u ! buckl] ( fai?1 ) ! sci5ce & rights ( ! citiz51 z did ! great doctors ( ! ?irte5? c5tury4 #cig ,?is /ruggle1 ,i "k1 is to-day m difficult1 b !re=e m m]itori\s1 m glori\s4 ,n[h]e h we ! support ( gov]nm5ts4 ,i d n compla9--,i /ate a fact2 & p]haps ?is v support is a defect because x has be5 s mu* abus$4 ,! purity ( ! moral /ruggle ( ! ?irte5? c5tury is t>ni%$ by ! religi\s p]secutions4 ,i "k ! adv]s>ies ( ! *ur* h exagg]at$ _! int5sity2 b ,i "k also t nev] has ! *ur*1 z a *ur*1 p]secut$1 nor giv5 or proclaim$ ! "r to p]secute4 ,besides1 we mu/ n lose sight ( ! fact t ! alliance ( *ur* & /ate 0 su* t a h]esy 0 consid]$ above ev]y?+ a crime aga9/ ! /ate4 ,= example1 we are a/oni%$ to see a ,sa9t ,l\is condemn sev]ely ! blasphem]s ( ,god z /ate crim9als2 b we d n consid] x extraord9>y n[adays to see ! blasphem]s ( a sov]eign or m9i/] condemn$ to prison1 exile1 or transportation4 ,x is necess>y to rem>k t ! great] "p ( ! sects ( ! middle ages proclaim$ pr9ciples ! realization ( :i* w\ld h consequ5ces ( great civil & political importance4 ,i defy our contempor>y societies1 s pr\d ( _! religi\s tol]ance1 to support ! wor%ip ( ! ,mormons1 ^? pe/s ( our age4 ,only ,*ri/ian societies are /rong en\gh to resi/ su* curr5ts ( corruption1 to pres]ve _! integrity1 to endure & develop by ! side ( su* sects4 ,*ri/ians alone c be tol]ant ) impunity1 because tol]ance = !m is n a social necessity1 b a virtue4 ,only !y c repeat ) ,sa9t ,augu/9e3 ,let u conv]t ! h]etics1 b let !m n be sacrific$4 ,s :5 we ?9k ( ! univ]sal blame ( :i* ,/4 ,ambrose & ,/4 ,m>t9 made !mselves int]pret]s1 aga9/ ! condemnation to dea? ( ! ,priscillians1 ^? ,mormons ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 we are ju/ly a/oni%$ at ! rigors ex]cis$ 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury aga9/ ! ,albig5ses & o!r sect>ians4 ,to-day1 ?anks be to ,god1 a religi\s p]secution c\ld n be possible 9 c\ntries :]e ! ,ca?olic religion pr$om9ates4 ,p]secutions are only preval5t among ! ,mussulmans ( ,asia ,m9or or ! s*ismatics ( ,pol&2 & if ! ,prote/ants ( ,irel& or ! lib]al anti-,ca?olics ( ! ,cont95t h su* t5d5cies1 !y devise "s =m :i* to !m alone appe>s z progress4 ,= ! conte/1 !n1 we mu/ act z citiz5s1 & use ! p5 & ! ^w1 & )\t truce or relaxation4 ,:5 ,/4 ,francis ,xavi] made 9 ! ,indies 8 great & admirable spiritual conque/s1 de/roy$ by ! ,holl& ,prote/ants & ! ,engli%1 he ask$ = re9=cem5ts f ! sup]ior ( 8 ord]4 ,especially1 said he1 s5d me f ,belgium ^? robu/ & broad-%\ld]$ m54 ,) su*1 ?is great sa9t believ$ himself able to enc\nt] e difficulty4 ,_! race is n ext9ct1 ?ank ,god2 & x seems to me ,europeans are easi] conqu]$ ?an ,asiatics4 ---------- #cih ,brittany3 ,its ,p & its ,poems4 ,progress is ! ord] ( ! day2 ! v wat*word ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,our times are possess$ by an ev]-active1 re/less _s4 ,"h & !re only1 9 ?is surg+ sea1 %elt]$ hav5s are f\nd1 :]e ! quiet wat]s c reflect ! fair =ms & hues ( heav51 float+ above !m 9 ! deep & f>-(f blue4 ,"h & !re1 out ( ! beat5 track ( ! _w's highways1 lie ri* & f]tile retreats1 among ^: hills & f\nta9s1 woods & mossy /ones1 ! _s ( ! pa/1 ) music on h] lips1 poetry 9 h] s\l1 & ! cross cle> & bright on h] br[1 /ill loves to dwell4 ,9 sc>cely ano!r corn] ( ,europe is ! influ5ce ( ?is _s s t5aci\s1 s p]vad+1 z 9 ,brittany4 ,nor to ^? among u :o may be desc5d$ f1 or l9k$ )1 ! orig9al inhabitants ( ! ,briti% isl&1 c ,europe furni% _m m int]e/+ /udies ?an ?is granite promontory--! bulw>k ( ,france aga9/ ! wild ,atlantic--& ! ,celtic tribes !re1 :o gu>d1 ev5 to-day1 _! old ,armorica f invasion ( ! novelties ( ,p>is 9 mann]s & 9 ?\ght4 ,brittany pres]ves ! same *>act]i/ic relations ) reg>d to ,france z ,wales1 ,irel&1 & ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl& pres]ve t[>d ,engl&4 ,its geographical position1 its m\nta9s1 & ! sea1 h cont9u$ to protect x 9 a great degree f =eign influ5ces4 ,inde$1 ?is isolation is obs]vable ?r\gh\t its hi/ory4 ,almo/ f ! fir/1 ! ,breton ,celts 7 ! sole occupants ( _! own corn] ( ! e>?4 ,! ,gauls1 ! orig9al inhabitants ( ! c\ntry1 7 outnumb]$ & absorb$ by ! influx ( ,briti% emigrants2 :o1 ( ! same orig9al /ock ) !mselves1 spe$ily became ! dom9ant sept1 & possessors ( ! c\ntry4 ,! fir/ ext5sive emigration ( ! insul> ,britons f :at is n[ ,great ,brita9 into ,armorica1 took place ab\t ! ye> #chc1 by ord] ( ! tyrant ,maxim94 ,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 und]tak5 by compulsion1 b 0 a will+ adv5ture4 ,! second took place :5 !y fl$ 9 great numb]s f ! ,saxon dom9ation1 aft] ,a4,d4 #dej1 :5 ,ambrose & ! great ,ar?ur _h f\ght s bravely & s long1 9 va94 ,?is "t !y 7 driv5 f _! l&1 & z !y cross$ ! sea to f9d a home ) _! bre?r5 9 ,armorica1 !y sorr[fully *ant$ ! psalm :i* _! ,*ri/ian b>ds _h translat$ into _! native tongue1 ,?\ ha/ giv5 u1 ,o ,"l1 z %eep = ! slaught]2 & ?\ ha/ scatt]$ u among ! nations4 ,a t]rible pe/il5ce ) :i*1 ab\t ?is "t1 v>i\s p>ts ( ,brita9 7 visit$1 is said to h done m ?an any?+ else t[>d confirm+ ! sway ( ! ,saxons 9 ,engl&1 & dim9i%+ ! old ,britons to a m]e remnant 9 ! isl&4 ,!y !mselves reg>d$ x z a sign t ! k+dom 0 tak5 f !m1 & giv5 by ,god to _! enemies4 ,! emigrations !nce=w>d became s frequ5t & s num]\s t ! ,briti% isle 0 almo/ depopulat$ ( its anci5t inhabitants2 & ,k+ ,ina1 ( ,wessex1 :o 0 also ,bretwalda1 com+ to ! ?rone 9 ,a4,d4 #fhi1 griev$ to lose s _m ( 8 subjects1 s5t to entreat ! emigrants to return4 #cii ,at t p]iod1 !y m ?an equall$ ! indig5\s population ( ,armorica1 ^u :om !y _h impos$ _! own laws & =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,?us1 9 ! fif? c5tury1 ,armorica 01 l ,cambria1 divid$ into small indep5d5t /ates3 ^? ( ,vannes2 ,k]ne1 or ,corn\aille2 ,leon2 & ,trgui]--all ,celtic 9 language1 cu/oms1 & laws1 & ea* division hav+ its own bi%op & its own *ief4 ,among ! *iefs1 "o (t5 obta9$ a pr$om9at+ p[] ov] ! re/1 ) ! title ( konan1 or cr[n$ *ief4 ,h5ce1 all ! e>li] k+s ( ,armorica ( :om we he> 9 hi/ory1 ,m]iadek1 ,gradlon1 ,budik1 ,h\el1 & o!rs1 7 ,britons f ! ,isl&4 ,_! b>ds1 :o =m$ an ess5tial "p ( e noble family among ! ,cambrians1 accompani$ !m into _! adopt$ c\ntry4 ,( ?is numb] 0 ,taliess91 ! pr9ce ( ! b>ds1 ! prophets1 & ! ,druids ( ! ,we/4 ,he took up 8 abode 9 ! l& ( ! ,v5etes1 7,vannes17 ne> to 8 fri5d & bro!r b>d1 ,gildas1 :o _h emigrat$ ?i!r1 & :o is said to h conv]t$ ,taliess9 to ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,?ree o!r celebrat$ b>ds ( ! same p]iod 7 ,sa9t ,sulio1 ,hyv>nion1 & ,kian ,gw5*'lan4 ,tradition gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! mann] 9 :i* ,/4 ,sulio receiv$ 8 vocation4 ,:5 v "y1 he 0 "o day play+ ) 8 bro!rs ne> ! ca/le ( _! fa!r1 ! "l ( ,p[ys1 :5 a procession ( monks pass$ by1 l$ by _! abbot1 & *ant+1 to ! s\nd ( 8 h>p1 ! praise ( ,god4 ,! sweetness ( _! hymns s delight$ ! *ild1 t1 bidd+ 8 bro!rs return to _! sports1 he foll[$ ! monks1 9 ord] to le>n ( !m h[ he might compose beautiful songs4 ,8 bro!rs ha/5$ to tell _! fa!r ( 8 flight1 :o s5t ?irty arm$ m51 ) a *>ge to kill ! abbot & to br+ back ,sulio4 ,he _h1 h[ev]1 be5 s5t at once to a mona/]y 9 ,armorica1 ( :i* 9 due "t he became prior4 ,! ,wel%1 :o call him ,sa9t ,y ,sulio1 possess a collection ( 8 poems4 ,! ,*ri/ian fai? won its way m sl[ly 9 ,armorica ?an x _h done 9 ,brita94 ,!y :o _h inh]it$ ! h>p ( ! anci5t ,druids1 ) ! my/]ies ( _! religion & ! secrets ( _! k1 7 (t5 reluctant to submit to ! belief :i* despoil$ !m ( _! prie/hood4 ,if ,taliess91 says ,m4 de la ,villem>qu1 consecrat$ to ,*ri/ ! fruits ( a my/]i\s sci5ce1 p]fect$ "u ! %ad[ ( proscrib$ alt>s2 if ! monks1 tak+ ! h>p 9 h&1 attract$ to ! cloi/] ! *ildr5 ( ! *iefs2 if ! ,*ri/ian "m taught h] little "o 9 ! cradle to s+ ( him :o di$ ^u ! cross1 4444 !re 71 at ! same "t1 9 ! dep? ( ! woods1 disp]s$ memb]s ( ! ,druidic colleges1 w&]+ f hut to hut1 l ! fugitive ,druids ( ! ,isle ( ,brita91 :o cont9u$ to give to ! *ildr5 ( ,armorica lessons on ! div9ity1 z _! fa!rs _h be5 taught2 & !y did s ) suffici5t success to al>m ! ,*ri/ian tea*]s1 & oblige !m to combat !m skilfully ) _! own weapons4 ,ev5 aft] paganism _h fall5 be=e ! cross1 we f9d curi\s traces ( ! ,druidic elem5t scatt]$ "h & !re 9 ! e>ly poems ( ,brittany4 ,h] bi%ops ( t p]iod are spok5 ( z ,*ri/ian ,druids1 :o graft$ ! fai? ( ,*ri/ on ! ,druid oak2 & ( h] poets x is said1 ,!y did n break ! h>p ( ! anci5t b>ds2 !y only *ang$ "s ( its *ords4 #djj ,! mo/ anci5t poems pres]v$ 9 ,brittany :i* be> evid5ces ( be+ ! sci5tific compositions ( ! b>ds1 are3 ,! ,s]ies1 or ! ,druid & ! ,*ild2 ,! ,pr$iction ( ,gw5*'lan2 ,! ,subm]sion ( ! ,city ( ,ys2 ,! ,*angel+2 ,! ,w9e ( ! ,gauls2 ,! ,m>* ( ,ar?ur2 & ,ala9 ! ,fox4 ,^! are ! la/ brea?+s ( ! le>n$ poetry ( ! ,bretons ( ,armorica4 ,b1 besides ! sci5tific poems ( ! desc5dants ( ! ,druids1 !re grew up1 at ! same "t1 a l>ge am\nt ( popul> poetry1 bo? 9 ,wales & 9 ,armorica4 ,z e>ly z ! six? c5tury1 ?is divid$ itself into ?ree di/9ct k9ds3 !ological1 h]oic1 & hi/orical poems2 dome/ic poems & love-songs2 & poems on religi\s subjects1 includ+ ! v]sifi$ hi/ories ( sa9ts4 ,?is :ole class ( poetry sprang f ! p2 x 0 ! expression ( _! he>t1 ! e*o ( _! ?\ghts1 ! depository ( _! hi/ory & ( _! belief4 ,^u ?is poetry ( ! p1 bo? 9 ! ,briti% isl& & 9 ,brittany1 ! b>ds made w>4 ,& :51 among ! ,bretons1 ! popul> m9/rels ov]came ! b>ds1 ! ,wel% triads put ! ,armoricans 9 ! numb] ( ! ?ree peoples :i* h corrupt$ ! primitive b>dism by mix+ ) x het]og5e\s pr9ciples4 ,x is only ! kl]1 7s*ol>-poets17 ! vagabonds1 & ! begg>s1 says ,taliess91 :o give !mselves no tr\ble4 ,b>k n aga9/ in/ruction 9 ! art ( v]se4 ,sil5ce6 mis]able pret5d]s1 :o usurp ! "n ( b>ds6 ,y "k n h[ to judge betwe5 tru? & fables6 444 ,z = me1 ,i am div9] & g5]al-9-*ief ( ! b>ds ( ! we/6 ,gildas is equally en]getic 9 prote/+ aga9/ all :o take pleasure 9 li/5+ to ! vocif]ations ( ! popul> poets ( 8 "t4 ,reality & good fai? are ! two pr9cipal qualities inh]5t 9 popul> poetry 9 its primitive /ate4 ,! poet's aim is always to pa9t fai?fully some?+ :i* actually occurr$1 or :i* he believ$ did occur4 ,*ronicl] & noveli/1 leg5d>y & sacr$ psalmodi/1 ! poet ( ,brittany is all ?is to ! mass ( ! ,breton population--to twelve hundr$ ?\s& un$ucat$ p]sons1 )\t any o!r le>n+ ?an t :i* !y ga9 f ! oral in/ruction ( _! cl]gy4 ,a ?\ghtful & imag9ative p1 full ( poetic in/9ct1 & ( ! desire ( k2 & to :om e ev5t1 possess+ a mod]ate %>e ( int]e/1 furni%es subject-matt] = a song4 ,we w n[ attempt translations ( a portion ( ! b>dic poems :i* rema9 to u4 ,we omit ! fir/1 entitl$ ,ar ,rannoce1 or ,! ,s]ies3 a dialogue betwe5 a ,druid & a *ild :o is "o ( 8 disciples4 ,its l5g? w\ld unduly prolong ! pres5t article2 b1 inasmu* z x conveys an int]e/+ sket* ( ! cosmogony & !ology ( ! b>dic sy/em1 we may f9d = x a place 9 "s future page4 ,to come1 !n1 to ! second poem on our li/1 ,! ,prophecy ( ,gw5*'lan4 ,! b>d ,kian1 surnam$ ,gw5*'lan1 or ,pure ,race 0 born 9 ,armorica at ! beg9n+ ( ! fif? c5tury1 & 0 nev] won to ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,8 enmity to x1 inde$1 0 embitt]$ by ! treatm5t he receiv$ at ! h&s ( a =eign pr9ce1 call+ himself a ,*ri/ian2 :o ?rew ! b>d into a dungeon1 &1 aft] depriv+ him ( sight1 left him !re to die4 #dja ,dur+ 8 h>d captivity he compos$ ! foll[+ poem1 call$ ,di\gan ,gw5*'lan1 or ,! ,prophecy ( ,gw5*'lan1 9 :i* he pr$icts ! fate ( 8 captor1 :o 0 %ortly aft]w>d sla9 9 battle fight+ aga9/ ! ,bretons4 ,! composition ( ?is poem is exactly aft] ! patt]n ( ! anci5t ,wel% b>ds4 ,l ,taliess91 ,gw5*'lan believes 9 ! ?ree cycles ( be+ ( ! ,druidic !ology1 & 9 ! doctr9e ( metempsy*osis4 ,i h be5 born ?ree times1 says ,taliess94 444 ,i h be5 dead2 ,i h be5 alive2 ,i am t :i* ,i 04 444 ,i h be5 a wild goat ^u ! m\nta9s2 ,i h be5 a spott$ cock2 ,i h be5 a fall[-de]2 n[ ,i am ,taliess94 ,l ,lyw>c'h-,h51 he m\rns ov] 8 old age & decrepitude4 ,he is melan*oly1 & a fatali/4 ,l ,aneur91 :o _h be5 made prison] aft] ! battle ( ,kattracz1 & 9 8 captivity compos$ ,! ,song ( ,godod91 ,gw5*'lan s+s 9 8 *a9s & 9 ! d>kness ( 8 dungeon4 ,x 0 n unusual among ! b>ds to comp>e ! lead] ( ! enemy to ! wild bo> ( ! woods1 & ! *ampion :o )/ood him to ! w>-horse1 or ! :ite horse ( ! sea4 ,gw5*'lan is said to h compos$ _m songs 9 praise ( ! w>riors ( 8 c\ntry--^? :o m>*$ to battle invok+ ! ,sun-god1 &1 on return+ victori\s1 danc$ 9 8 honor to ! ,sword1 ,k+ ( ,battle4 ,a collection ( 8 poems & prophecies 0 pres]v$ until ! ,fr5* revolution1 9 ! abbey ( ,l&ev5ec2 b ! f]oci\s joy ) :i*1 9 "s fragm5ts t rema91 he contemplates ! slaught] ( ! ,*ri/ians 9 ! ,m5ez ,br1 & ! ext]m9ation ( _! fai?1 makes _! de/ruction small matt] ( regret to any b ! antiqu>y4 ,gw5*'lan1 h[ev]1 cont9ues to be fam\s ?r\gh\t ,brittany1 :]e ! remnants ( 8 compositions /ill are sung2 especially ,! ,prophecy1 ( :i* a "p has be5 translat$ by ,m4 de ,villem>qu f ,b>zaz ,breiz1 7,breton ,ballads47 ,di\gan ,gw5*'lan4 ,prophecy ,( ,gw5*'lan4 ,i4 ,:5 ! sun is sett+1 ,:5 ! sea is swell+1 ,i sit ^u ! ?re%old ( my door4 ,i sang :5 ,i 0 "y1 ,& /ill1 gr[n old1 ,i s+1 ,by night1 by day1 ?\gh ) sad he>t & sore4 ,if my head is b5t l[1 ,if my tr\ble presses2 ,x is n causeless c>e t weighs me d[n4 ,x is n t ,i fe>2 ,i fe> n to be sla93 ,= long en\gh my life has l+]$ on4 ,:5 !y seek n ,gw5*'lan1 ,gw5*'lan1 !y w f9d him3 ,b f9d !y %all n1 :5 !y seek = me4 ,yet1 :atsoe'er betide1 ,to me x matt]s n ,t alone :i* ought to be1 w be4 ,?rice all mu/ die1 ere re/ at la/ !y see4 ,,ii4 ,wild bo>1 ,i behold him1 ,f ! wood =? comes he2 ,mu* he dr9ks2 he ha? a w\nd$ foot3 ,8 hair is :ite ) age2 ,r\nd him 8 hungry "y ,are h[l+4 ,blood/a9$ is 8 gap+ ?roat4 ,:ite horse ( ! sea1 lo6 ,comes to ! enc\nt]4 ,! %ore = t]ror trembles 'nea? 8 tread4 ,bright & dazzl+ he1 ,bright z ! sp>kl+ sn[2 ,& silv] horns are gleam+ on 8 head4 ,foams ! wat] 'nea? him1 ,at ! ?und]-fire ,( ^? fi]ce no/rils4 ,sea-horses ar\nd ,press1 ?ick & close z grass ,^u a lakelet's bank4 ,horse ( ! sea6 /rike well6 ,/rike--/rike him to ! gr\nd6 444444 ,,iii4 ,z ,i 0 sweetly sleep+1 9 my cold1 cold tomb4 ,i he>d ! eagle call+1 at midnight call+1 ,come6 ,rise on y\r w+s1 ,o eaglets6 & all ye birds ( heav54 ,to y1 nor fle% ( dogs1 nor %eep1 b ,*ri/ians1 %all be giv56 ,old rav5 ( ! sea1 ,:at hold'/ ?\8--say to me4 ,! *iefta9's head ,i be> away3 ,8 two r$ eyes %all be my prey1 ,= tak+ ?y two eyes away4 ,& ?\ too1 :at ha/ ?\1 ,o ,reyn>d sly8 ,8 he>t1 :i* 0 z false z m9e1 h ,i2 ,x s\ght ?y dea?1 & long ha? made !e die4 ,:at do/ ?\ by ! corn] ( 8 m\?1 ,o toad8 ,i wait to seize 8 s\l ^u h] road1 ,long z ,i live mu/ ,i be h] abode4 ,?us he meete? 8 rew>d ,= 8 crime aga9/ ! b>d ,:o dwells no m betwe5 ,ro*-allaz & ,porz-,gw5'n4 #djb ,! ,subm]sion ( ! ,city ( ,ys1 or ,is1 pres5ts to u "o ( ^? leg5ds :i* has its c\nt]p>t 9 s _m o!r bran*es ( ! ,celtic race4 ,its hi/orical basis is z foll[s3 ,9 ! ye> #ddj1 !re reign$ 9 ,armorica ,k+ ,gradlon-veur1 or ! ,great4 ,8 capital 0 ! city ( ,is1 s9ce de/roy$2 & he occasionally consult$ a holy man nam$ ,gw5ol1 f\nd] & abbot ( ! fir/ mona/]y erect$ 9 ,armorica4 ,?is is all :i* contempor>y & au!ntic hi/ory tell u ( ?is city1 ?is pr9ce1 & ?is monk2 b popul> tradition1 always m ri* ?an hi/ory1 furni%es u ) additional p>ticul>s4 ,accord+ to ?is1 ! city ( ,is 0 protect$ f ! invasions ( ! sea by an imm5se bas9 or res]voir1 :i* at high tide receiv$ ! wat]s ( ! ocean1 z =m]ly ! ,lake ,mo]is ^? ( ! ,nile4 ,?is bas9 _h a secret door1 ( :i* ! k+ alone _h ! key1 & :i* he op5$ or clos$ himself :5 ne$$4 ,"o night1 :ile he slept1 ! ,pr9cess ,dahut1 wi%+ to cr[n ! follies ( a banquet giv5 to a suitor1 /ole ! key2 %e1 or1 accord+ to ano!r v>iation ( ! /ory1 h] suitor1 :o 0 9 tru? ! au?or ( evil "u an assum$ =m1 op5$ ! door1 &1 z _h be5 =etold by ,sa9t ,gw5ol1 subm]g$ ! city4 ,?is tradition1 adds ,m4 de ,villem>qu1 asc5ds to ! v cradle ( ! ,celtic race1 & is common to its ?ree great bran*es1 ! ,bretons1 ,wel%1 & ,iri%4 ,! ,is ( ,armorica is ! ,gwaeleod ( ,wales1 & ! ,neaz ( ,irel&2 ! "n 9 ea* in/ance signify+ l[ or holl[4 ,accord+ to all ?ree1 ! daught] ( ! k+ is ! cause ( ! cata/rophe1 & is puni%$ by be+ *ang$ into a sir51 aft] a dea? by dr[n+4 ,! ,wel% v]sion ( ?is ballad1 :i* is app>5tly ( ! date ( ! fif? c5tury1 & compos$ by ! b>d ,gwezno1 conta9s two /rophes :i* are almo/ lit]ally repeat$ 9 ! ,armorican4 ,x beg9s 9 a way v l ! conclusion ( ! latt]4 ,"s "o comes to awak5 ! k+1 :om ! b>d calls ,seiz593 ',seiz596 arise1 & look6 ,! l& ( w>riors1 ! c\ntry ( ,gwezno1 is ov]:elm$ by ! ocean4' ,! ,wel% sailors 9 ,c>digan ,bay1 :i*1 !y assure u1 n[ occupies ! subm]g$ t]ritory1 decl>e t !y c see b5ea? ! wat]s ! ru9s ( anci5t edifices4 ,! same is said ( ! ,bay ( ,d\>n5ez 9 ,basse-,bretagne4 ,also1 ! ,iri% fi%]m51 at a mu* e>li] epo*1 7accord+ to ,giraldus ,cambr5sis17 ! middle ( ! second c5tury1 believ$ t !y c\ld see glimm]+ "u ! wat]s ( ! lake :i* cov]s _! city ( ,neaz ! r\nd t[]s ( anci5t days4 ,) reg>d to ! horse ( ,gradlon1 ,m>ie de ,france assures u t1 9 /ruggl+ ?r\gh ! flood1 ! =ce ( ! wat] bore 8 ma/] (f 8 back2 t ! life ( ,gradlon 0 sav$ by a b5efic5t fay1 b ! horse1 on rea*+ ! l& )\t ! k+1 became wild ) grief4 ,! orig9al tradition says t ,gradlon1 flee+ = 8 life1 bore 8 daught] beh9d him1 :5 a t]rible voice cri$ ?ree times1 ',pu% (f ! demon t sits beh9d !e4' ,! unhappy k+ obey$1 & =?) ! wat]s 7 re/ra9$4 ,subm]sion ,( ,! ,city ,( ,is4 ,i4 ,oh6 ha/ ?\ he>d--oh6 ha/ ?\ he>d ,( ,gw5ol ! r$e1 ,:i* unto ,gradlon1 k+ ( ,is1 ,he spake1 b gat small he$8 ,to e>?ly love1 ah6 yield !e n1 ,) evil cease to toy2 ,= aft] pleasure come? woe1 ,& sorr[ foll[s joy4 ,:o bites ! fle% ( fi%es1 soon ,! fi%es him %all bite2 ,& he :o swall[s1 %all himself ,be swall[$ up "s night4 ,& he :o dr9ks bo? be] & w9e1 ,%all wat] dr9k ama93 ,to him :o _c scan my spee* ,x soon %all be made pla94 ,,ii4 ,"o eve spake ,gradlon1 k+ ( ,is1 ,k+ ,gradlon ?us spake he ,my m]ry fri5ds1 by y\r fair leave1 ,a little sleep w\ld we4 #djc ,to-morr[ 'twill be "t en\gh-- ,) u ?is ev5+ /ay2 ,b if x be ?y m9d to sleep1 ,we w\ld n say !e nay4 ,& !reupon h] lov] spake1 ,full s(tly :isp]$ he1 ,to ,gradlon's daught]1 ,sweet pr9cess1 ,sweet ,dahut--& ! key6 ,hu%6 ,i w be> ! key away ,t locks ! floodgates fa/1 ,& ,is %all be )9 ?y p[] ,ere little "t be pa/4 ,,iii4 ,n[1 :osoe'er _h se5 ! k+1 ,z on 8 c\* he lay1 ,) admiration _h be5 fill$ ,at sight ( 8 array4 ,! ag$ k+1 9 purple rob$1 ,) long & sn[-:ite hair1 ,:i* o'er 8 %\ld]s fl[$ ^u ,8 gold5 coll> fair4 ,& :osoe'er _h la9 9 wait ,_h spi$ ! pr9cess :ite1 ,uns&all$1 /eal into t room1 ,9 sil5ce ( ! night4 ,%e to ! k+ h] fa!r crept1 ,sank s(tly on h] knee1 ,loos$ f 8 neck ! gold5 *a91 ,& bore away ! key4 ,,iv4 ,he sleepe? on--he sleepe? on1 ,till1 f ! pla9s1 a cry-- ,! deep is o'er u6 ,is ov]:elm$ ,b5ea? ! wat]s high6 ,my "l ! k+1 arise1 arise6 ,to horse6 & swiftly flee4 ,! dykes are bur/--! l& o'erfl[$ ,by ! triumphant sea4 ,accurs$ be ! trea*]\s maid ,:o op5$ ?us ! gate ,aft] ! fea/--:o dr[n$ ! l&1 ,& made x desolate6 ,v4 ,oh6 tell me n[1 brave =e/]1 ,! wild-horse ha/ ?\ se5 ,( ,gradlon8 ,ha/ ?\ se5 x pass ,along ?is valley gre58 ,! horse ( ,gradlon saw ,i n ,at any "t pass by2 ,b 9 deep night 'trip trap' ,i he>1 ,) lightn+ swiftness fly4 ,say1 ha/ ?\ se51 ,o fi%]man6 ,! daught] ( ! sea1 ,comb+ h] gold5 hair at noon1 ,:]e sp>kl+ break]s be8 ,yes1 ,i h se5 ! m]maid :ite3 ,%e s+s among ! waves4 ,h] songs are pla9tive z ! s\nd ,( deeps o'er dead m5's graves4 ,we come n[ to ,! ,*angel+2 & "h aga9 we trace n s mu* a resemblance z an all b lit]al reproduction ( an ,iri% leg5d1 kn[n to all read]s ( ,! ,fairy ,leg5ds ( ! ,s\? ( ,irel& "u ! title1 ,! ,brew]y ( ,egg-%ells4 ,x mu/ be confess$1 h[ev]1 t ! non-,ca?olic m$ium ?r\gh :i* ! ,iri% v]sion rea*es u1 has depriv$ x ( ! religi\s turn x may possibly h _h 9 ! orig9al4 ,our ,lady does n appe> 9 x1 z "h 9 ! ,breton ballad4 ,! ,*angel+4 ,griev$ to ! he>t is la belle ,m>ie4 ,:]e may h] ,laoik1 h] little "o1 be8 ,c>ri$ away by ! ,korrigan he4 ,=? to ! f\nt z ,i w5t on a day1 ,safe 9 8 cradle my little "o lay2 ,home :5 ,i came he _h vani%$ away4 ,?is wret*$ mon/] ,i f\nd 9 8 place4 ,r\gh1 l a toad1 ) a horrible face1 ,dumb1 gre$y1 fi]ce1 l ! re/ ( 8 race4 ,m>y mo/ pure1 on y\r sn[-gleam+ ?rone1 ,9 y\r mat]nal arms hold+ y\r ,son1 ,y are 9 joy1 :ile 9 sorr[ ,i moan4 ,y\r ,holy ,*ild ev]more y are keep+1 ,m9e ,i h lo/1 :om ,i ?\ght safely sleep+2 ,"m ( ,pity1 ah6 pity my weep+6 ,daught]1 my daught]1 oh6 sorr[ no m4 ,lo/ is he n :om y ?us w\ld deplore1 ,laoik1 y\r d>l+1 %ort "t %all re/ore4 ,:o 9 an egg-%ell %all feign to prep>e ,all t t5 labor]s ne$ = _! f>e1 ,=ces ! dw>f into spee*1 !n & !re4 ,:5 he has spok51 !n :ip--:ip aga96 ,:ip1 till he cry out ) ang] & pa96 ,he w be he>d3 & be borne (f ama94 ,pri!e1 my "m1 :at d y8 he cries1 ,:at make y1 "m8 he asks 9 surprise4 ,dw>fl+ c sc>cely believe 8 own eyes4 ,:at am ,i do+1 my son1 w\ld y k58 ,d9n] ,i make1 9 ?is egg-%ell1 = t51 ,t5 ( ! f>m-s]vants1 labor+ m54 ,t56 9 an egg%ell6 ,! egg ,i h se5 ,fre%1 ( ! olde/ :ite h5 t has be53 ,acorn1 ^: oak is f>-spread+ & gre54 ,oaks h ,i se51 wid5+ out f _! core1 ,old oaks ( ,brzal wood1 rugg$ & ho>2 ,no?+ l ?is h ,i e'er se5 be=e4 ,too _m ?+s ha/ ?\ se51 %e replies3 ,flip1 flap6 flip1 flap6--?us ^u him %e flies4 ,little old man1 n[ ,i h !e6 %e cries4 #djd ,:ip n1 nor /rike1 b re/ore him to me2 ,h>m ha? be5 none to ?y boy1 belle ,m>ie2 ,k+ ov] all 9 our c\ntry is he6 ,:5 to h] home return$ ,m>ie t day1 ,safe 9 8 cradle h] own baby lay1 ,sweetly asleep1 z if we>i$ ) play4 ,:ile %e /&s gaz+1 entranc$ at ! sight1 ,b5d+ to kiss ! fair *eeks ) delight1 ,laoik1 h] lo/ "o1 8 eyes op5s bright4 ,half ris+ up1 & ) wond]+ eyes1 ,s(t arms out/ret*$ 9 a dreamy surprise1 ,"m6 h[ long ,i've be5 sleep+6 he cries4 ,we w conclude our pres5t in/alm5t f ^! int]e/+ relics ( ,celtic antiquity by a _s-/irr+ fragm5t2 = ! read] w p]ceive t x is incomplete4 ,?is is ,ar?ur's ,m>*1 7,bale ,arzur17 writt51 l ! la/1 9 ! ,ies ,k]ne1 or dialect ( ,corn\aille--,cornu ,galliae--a di/rict ( ,brittany4 ,!re is a complete *ange ( metre betwe5 ! p>ts m>k$ ,i4 & ,,ii42 ! =m] be+ s arrang$1 t ! poetical foot compos+ ! l9es is ( ?ree %ort syllables foll[+ a long "o1 & produces a spirit$ & m>tial effect1 some:at l ! beat ( a mod]n drum4 ,m4 de ,villem>qu1 f ^: ,b>zaz ,briez1 or ,breton ,ballads1 we h drawn s l>gely 9 ^! pages1 speaks ?us ( ! ballad be=e u3 ,! popul>ity :i* ! "n ( ,ar?ur enjoys 9 ,brittany is "o ( ! mo/ curi\s ph5om5a 9 ! hi/ory ( ,breton fidelity4 ,nei!r defeat nor exile c\ld make ! ,bretons =getful ( ,ar?ur4 ,8 magic r5[n1 cross+ ! sea ) !m1 receiv$ new life 9 ,armorica2 he became !re1 z he 0 9 ! ,isle ( ,brita91 an arm$ symbol ( national lib]ty2 & ! p1 at all p]iods f ! six? c5tury to our own "t1 repeat$1 ) adaptation to circum/ances1 ! traditions & ! say+s or prophecies ( :i* he 0 ! subject4 ,?us1 :5ev] w> is imp5d+1 !y see1 z a w>n+ sign1 ! army ( ,ar?ur defil+ at break ( day ov] ! summit ( ! ,black ,m\nta9s2 & ! poem "h giv5 has = twelve c5turies be5 9 ! m\? ( ,bretons arm$ to def5d _! he>?s & alt>s4 ,i le>nt x f an ag$ m\nta9e] nam$ ,mikel ,floc'h1 ( ,leuhan1 :o told me t he _h (t5 sung x :5 m>*+ aga9/ ! enemy 9 ! la/ w>s ( ! we/4 ,! la/ /rophe1 :i* is ( lat] date ?an ! prec$+ ones1 may 9 "s measure h contribut$ to save f oblivion ! ,m>* ( ,ar?ur4 ,x is always sung ?ree times ov]1 & ) ! greate/ en?usiasm4 ,"s ( ! /rophes1 brea?+ ! savage v5geance ( pagan times1 h be5 omitt$ 9 ! ,engli% translation4 ,!y reta9 9 ! orig9al s mu* ( ! ,cambrian dialect & idiom z to be sc>cely 9 ! lea/ und]/ood by ! ,bretons :o s+ !m4 ,! ,m>* ,( ,ar?ur4 ,i4 ,ha/e1 ha/e to ! combat6 ,come k9sman1 come bro!r1 ,come fa!r1 come son1 to ! battle spe$ =?6 ,! brave & ! dauntless1 come1 spe$ "o ano!r6 ,come all6 !re is "w = ! w>riors ( wor?4 ,,ii4 ,said to 8 fa!r1 at day-dawn1 ! son ( ! w>rior1 ,horsem5 ,i see1 on ! f> m\nta9 summits1 :o ga!r4 ,horsem5 all m\nt$ on w>-/e$s ( gray1 l ! mi/-wrea?s2 ,c\rs]s t snort ) ! cold on ! heights ( ! m\nta9s4 ,close ranks ( six by six3 ?ree by ?ree3 ?\s&s ( lances ,fla% 9 ! beams ( ! sun1 to our vale yet unris54 ,d\ble ranks foll[ ! bann]s t wave 9 ! dea?-w9d1 ,measur+ n9e ca/s ( a sl+ f ! van to ! re>w>d4 ,p5dragon's army6 ,i "k x6 ,great ,ar?ur ,p5dragon ,lead+ 8 w>riors1 m>*es 'mid cl\ds ( ! m\nta94 ,if x be ,ar?ur1 !n quick to our b[s & swift arr[s6 ,=w>d1 & foll[ him4 ,set ! ke5 dea?-w+$ d>t fly+6 #dje ,e'en z he spake rang ! fi]ce cry ( w> ?r\gh ! m\nta9s3 ,he>t = eye3 head = arm2 dea? = w\nd6 ?r\gh hill & valley4 ,if 9 su* mann] we die z befits ,breton ,*ri/ians1 ,too soon we _c s9k d[n on ! field ( our conflict6 ,if our read]s are n yet we>i$ ) details ( ! anci5t poetry ( ?is exceptional "p ( ,france1 we hope to pres5t !m 9 our next numb] ) fur!r specim5s2 includ+ ! dea? ( ,"l ,nann f ! spells ( a malignant ,korrigan1 or ,breton fairy1 & ! argum5t by :i* a ,breton maid5 p]si/$ 9 *oos+ ! cloi/] aga9/ all ! p]suasions ( a suitor to h] h&4 ,bo? ^! poems date at lea/ f ! six? c5tury ( ,*ri/ianity4 ---------- ,indian ,summ]4 ,^u ! hills ! autumn sun ,8 radiance p\rs l gold5 w9e2 ,& l[1 sweet music seems to run ,among ! tassels ( ! p9e2 ,ar\nd u r+s ! wild bird's scream2 ,above1 an ar* ( d>k-blue sky2 ,:ile1 l a maid5's summ] dream1 ,! mi/s ^u ! mead[s lie4 ,o pe]less ,indian ,summ] h\rs1 ,) brac+ morn & slumbr\s noon6 ,h[ pale are ,june's bright1 flaunt+ fl[]s ,amid ?y weal? ( gorge\s bloom4 ,! riv] ripples s(tly on1 ,) purple hills ^u its brea/2 ,& s(t cl\d-%ad[s1 float+ d[n1 ,h f\nd a sc5e ( p]fect re/4 ,! ev5+ d>k5s2 f ! hills ,! glory fades1 s pr\dly worn2 ,& 9 ! we/ s]5ely fills ,! fair "y moon h] silv] horn2 ,:ile f ! deep'n+ blue above ,! />s /eal sl[ly1 s+ly =?2 ,& night-w9ds1 l ! brea? ( love1 ,come float+ o'er ! sil5t e>?4 ,v]onica4 ,cornwall ,l&+4 ---------- #djf ,creative ,g5ius ( ,ca?olicity4 ,footnote #acf ,footnote #acf3 ,we take pleasure 9 pres5t+ 9 our pages ! foll[+ able article1 f ! p5 ( ! late lam5t$ ,colonel ,james ,monroe4 ,few writ]s h left beh9d a te/imony m /rik+ ( _! devotion to our holy fai?1 or ( _! confid5ce 9 its elevat+ social p[]4 ,x meets liv+ que/ions ( ! day ) a r>e aptitude1 & pres5ts views & applies pr9ciples 9 a mann] wor?y ( att5tive & ?\ghtful consid]ation4--,,ed4 ,c4 ,w4 ,if ! creative g5ius ( ,ca?olicity 7 to be /at$ f an a priori po9t ( view1 x w\ld r$uce itself to ! =m ( an axiom2 = ,ca?olicity be+ ! body ( reveal$ tru?1 confirm+ & agree+ ) tru? 9 e ord]1 tru? be+ ess5tially t :i* is1 7to employ ! words ( ,bossuet17 ,ca?olicity mu/ be pre-em95tly end[$ ) ! g]m9ative & fruitful _s ( orig9ation4 ,b inasmu* z tru? has 9 ?is _w a cl\d$ sc5e = h] activity1 z effects arise con/antly1 & almo/ inv>iably1 f an int]mixture ( causes ( a div]se & cont5d+ "*1 & z ! div9e1 ! human1 & ! mat]ial elem5ts are incessantly conjo9$ 9 action1 x becomes necess>y to trace ! *a9 ( ev5ts & to elucidate ! influ5ce ( pr9ciples4 ,?is process does n1 ) ! m9d :i* is gift$ ) fai?1 arrive at ! dignity ( ! highe/ pro(2 x r s]ves to record examples & to collect illu/rations4 ,9 execut+ su* a process1 ! difficulty is1 n to f9d in/ances1 b to decide :i* ( !m to *oose amid/ ! b\ndless v>iety4 ,i ?9k x g]mane to ! subject to comp>e ,ca?olic g5ius ) t ( ! mo/ poli%$ nation ( ! ,g5tile _w1 z ! two h be5 display$ "u ! s5su\s relation ( =m4 ,! ,greeks1 beyond all o!r p1 possess$ a native capability 9 art1 & !re rema9s ( ! productions ( ! ,greek m9d en\gh = a j e/imate ( its ri* capabilities4 ,! models ( ,greek g5ius h won ! en?usia/ic admiration ( mank9d1 & !y dom9ate ) a /rong ma/]y ov] all cultivat$ m9ds :i* lack ! ,ca?olic fai?4 ,ev5 f _! urns1 !y rule !m /ill4 ,:atev] difficulties language1 poetry1 philosophy1 may labor "u f ! lapse ( "t1 t :i* is tactual & visual ne$s b to be pres5t to be appreciat$4 ,if art be ! emanation ( a creative _s2 if x be n1 9 its highe/ sph]e1 a copy or an imitation1 !n mu/ x be admitt$ t ! evolution ( ! ,greek ord]s ( ar*itecture1 comb9+ maje/ic /r5g?1 radiant grace1 & fl[]y beauty1 embodi$ 9 pure & endur+ mat]ial1 is ! l(tie/ expression ( impassion$ hea!n g5ius4 ,x is high] ?an _! types ( ! human =m1 because x 0 wr\ght )\t a model & %ap$ directly f ! m9d's ideal4 ,! conception is "o s /rong & great t x has nev] _h a rival outside ( ,ca?olicity--& inde$ h>dly a respectable imitator4 ,! co>s] capability ( ! ,roman m9d n only orig9at$ no?+ & add$ no?+ to ,greek inv5tion1 b x m>r$ & misappli$ t :i* x und]took to adopt4 ,lat] copyi/s h aim$ no high] ?an a re/oration ( :at _! ma/]s _h creat$4 #djg ,all t addresses ! eye1 & ?r\gh x ! m9d1 "u =m alone1 may be objectively resolv$ into l9es & surfaces1 :i* may be aga9 subdivid$ into yet simpl] elem5ts4 ,! comb9ations ( ^! elem5ts--_! union1 tang5cies1 & contra/s--may be classifi$1 & may furni% c]ta9 d$uctions :i* are incontrov]tible g5]al conclusions4 ,inde$1 ! d$uction may become s f> g5]aliz$ z to pass beyond ! b\nd>y ( ! art :i* sugge/$ x--z ! p]fection ( =m is said to annihilate =m2 x !n arrives at ab/ract tru?1 :i* seeks its illu/ration 9 matt]1 )\t d]iv+ its validity !refrom4 ,?is is s f> true t ! sci5ce ^: highe/ d$uctions fall %ort ( su* g5]alization is yet 9 a rudim5t>y condition4 ,footnote #acg ,footnote #acg3 ,z an example1 we may take ! pr9ciple ( beauty z %[n 9 ! simple/ & lea/ beautiful ( ! regul> curves1 ! circul>4 ,9 ! circle v>iation 9 direction is comb9$ ) id5tity 9 ! di/ance f a fix$ po9t4 ,!re is1 !n1 unity 9 div]sity--a g5]al pr9ciple1 ( :i* ! circle is b an example4 ,nature1 ev] afflu5t 9 res\rces1 v>ies ! tam5ess ( ! circle by pres5t+ x to ! eye z a "r l9e1 an ellipse1 etc41 accord+ to ! po9t ( view4 ,?us aga9 illu/rat+ ! law ( unity 9 div]sity2 = ! k t ! figure is /ill a circle is "o1 :ile ! gradations 9 its appe>ance are _m4 ,9 adju/+ ! elem5ts ( =m "u h>moni\s comb9ations1 & 9 exp&+ !m into impos+ dim5sions1 ! ,greek m9d 0 s subtle & appreciative t x miss$ no?+1 & exhau/$ ev]y?+ )9 ! rea* ( its sci5ce1 unw9d+ all ! l9ks ( grace1 )\t a blund] or an ov]sight4 ,if ! ,go?ic ar*itecture _h borr[$ f ! ,greek1 or _h simply c>ri$ =w>d into fur!r developm5t ! same =mative idea1 x might be said t ! case 0 t ( ! dw>f ^u ! giant's %\ld]s1 :o sees fur!r ?an ! giant himself4 ,b ! fact is entirely o!rwise4 ,! projectors & m\ld]s ( ! ,go?ic *ur* ar*itecture f\nd ! field ( inv5tion limit$--z mu/ ev] be ! case--by prec$+ inv5tion4 ,! g5ius1 !re=e1 mu/ h be5 ! great] :i* n only discov]$ new comb9ations ( excell5ce1 b anticipat$ & ant$at$ yet surpass$ all pr$ecessors4 ,among tribes ( m5 :om ! ,greek /yl$ b>b>\s emanates a life 9 art :i* transc5ds 8 highe/ conception4 ,we enc\nt] fabrics l(ti]1 broad]1 deep]2 ! ar* :i* he did n employ is lift$ f its circul> "* into a high] curvature1 & its key-/one boldly /rick5 out4 ,we f9d pill>s mass$1 scallop$1 & fillet$2 m\ld+s ( a m graceful cont\r1 e way flexure ( contra/ & gradation2 a mazy web ( trac]y comb9+ lightness1 symmetry1 p]man5ce1 & equilibrium2 9 mid air1 a %apely dome1 pois$ by ! d>+ h& ( sci5ce1 :]e ! cl\d might visit x & ! ra9b[ circle x4 ,all ?is prodigality ( inv5tion & unequall$ execution1 spr++ =? z f an exhau/less f\nta91 is n conf9$ to "s favor$ p59sula1 b is common to ,italy1 ,g]many1 ,france1 & ,engl&4 ,! common cause ( an effect s uni=m & rem>kable 0 ! inspir+ & elevat+ influ5ce ( ! ,"o ,ca?olic fai?4 ,i w quote "h a ,prote/ant writ]'s view ( ! diff]5ce 9 design betwe5 ! ,greek & ,go?ic build+3 ,! ess5tial1 g]m9al pr9ciple ( diff]5ce betwe5 ! temple & ! ca!dral is1 t ! =m] is built = ext]ior effect1 ! latt] = int]ior4 ,on occasions ( wor%ip1 ! multitude surr\nd$ "o edifice1 b fill$ ! o!r4 ,! temple has1 z reg>ds ar*itectural impression1 really no int]ior at all2 = ! small cella or naos :i* hid ! p5etralia ent]$ n at all into ! effect ( ! /ructure4 ,f ?is diff]5ce 9 "* & design1 ! :ole div]sity betwe5 ! *>act]s ( ,greek & ,go?ic =ms & decorations may be d]iv$4 ,to ! =m]1 view$ f )\t1 an aspect ( elevat$ repose mu/ belong2 & all ! decorations mu/ be sup]ficial4 ,! elaboration ( an impressive & inspir+ int]ior l$ necess>ily to so>+ height & a g5]al upw>dness ( all ! c\rses2 to long-drawn vi/as1 side by side2 to gr& portals to give entrance1 & a multitude ( w9d[s to give light2 & to a g5]al /yle ( decoration1 concave1 rec$+1 & p]spective4 #djh ,! same writ] says3 ,if ,engl&'s ca!drals are inf]ior to ^? ( ,france1 !y are m beautiful ?an any?+ else 9 ! _w4 ,durham & ,ely1 & ,w9*e/] & ,salisbury1 :at ne$s ! s\l ( man m impressive1 glori\s1 transc5d5t1 ?an ^!8 ,ano!r compet5t au?ority--also a ,prote/ant--says3 ,!re is inf9itely m sci5tific skill display$ 9 a ,go?ic ca!dral ?an 9 all ! build+s ( ,greece & ,rome2 nor c\ld ^! latt] h resi/$ ! %ock ( "t s long1 _h !y n be5 almo/ solid masses ( /one1 ) no m cavity ?an 0 indisp5sably necess>y4 ,let u exam9e ! pr9ciple ( del9eation 9 ! human =m--t :i* has ev] captivat$ ! ef=ts ( ! greate/ arti/s4 ,9 ! classic execution ( ! highe/ human types !re is an evid5t /ra9+ aft] ! expression ( some?+ above ! actual4 ,sir ,*>les ,bell has %[n t ?is effect is atta9$ by a ref9$ species ( exagg]ation4 ,x consi/s 9 exagg]at+ :atev] di/+ui%es man f ! animals 9 enl>g+1 = example1 ! facial angle4 ,x is a fur!r remove f ! animals ?an man is1 b 9 ! same direction4 ,! ,h]cules1 = in/ance1 is an embodim5t ( ! c5tral =m ( /r5g?--x is an exagg]ation ( muscul> developm5t4 ,! highe/ expression is ! embodim5t ( human passion4 ,9 ?is way ! ,greeks atta9$ ! del9eation ( ! sup]human4 ,"u ! tutorage ( ,ca?olicity ! human l9eam5ts a*iev$ ! expression ( ! sup]natural4 ,"o 0 ! idealization ( nature2 ! o!r ! sup]naturalization ( humanity4 ,( ?is latt] classic art _h no conception2 :ile !re=e x may equal or surpass ,ca?olic art 9 execution1 x mu/ fall f> bel[ 9 its ideal4 ,footnote #ach ,footnote #ach3 ,9 ?is connection let u record a few rem>ks f ! able/ writ]s ^u ! subject4 ,solg] has said3 ,philosophy c create no?+3 x c only und]/&4 ,x c create nei!r ! religi\s inspiration nor ! arti/ic g5ius3 b x c detect & br+ to light all t is conta9$ !re94 ,hegel1 9 /at+ ! relation ( art1 religion1 & philosophy1 says3 ,art fulfils its highe/ mission :5 x has e/abli%$ itself ) religion & philosophy 9 ! "o circle common to all1 & is m]ely a me?od ( reveal+ ! godlike to man1 ( giv+ utt]ance to ! deepe/ int]e/s1 ! mo/ compreh5sive tru?s p]ta9+ to mank9d4 ,nations h deposit$ ! mo/ holy1 ri*1 & int5se ( _! ideas 9 works ( art1 & art is ! key to ! philosophy & religion ( a nation4 ,s*ill+1 ) 8 peculi> !ory1 says3 ,t arti/ is to be acc\nt$ happy to :om ! gods h grant$ ! creative _s4 ,:5 ! arti/ recognizes ! aspect & be+ ( ! indwell+ creative idea1 & produces x1 he makes ! individual a _w 9 itself1 a species1 an et]nal type4 ,n "o ( ^! ?ree /atem5ts is beyond ! rea* ( cavil or ( j exception2 b1 = ! purpose 9 h&1 we see t ! fir/ says t philosophy c create no?+2 ! second1 t art is a me?od ( reveal+ ! godlike to man1 & ( giv+ utt]ance to 8 mo/ holy & int5se ideas2 & ! ?ird1 t x involves a gift or end[m5t ( ! creative _s4 ,f9ally1 all art is expression4 ,giv5 a k & ma/]y ( ! in/rum5ts ( expression1 & ! ?\ght w det]m9e its "*2 ! nature ( ! ?\ght express$ dep5ds ^u ! conceiv+ m9d2 ! highe/ conception ( ! m9d is ! (fspr+ ( religi\s affection1 ! ,ca?olic is ! true religion2 !re=e ! expression ( ,ca?olic g5ius is ! summit ( art4 ,x is by no means a necessity t ! s\l %all express itself "u s5su\s =ms2 b to all outw>d manife/ation a p[] ov] ! in/rum5t is a condition--9 :i* s5se ! body is itself an in/rum5tality4 ,:at ! s\l expresses mu/ be ?\ght--ei!r its own1 or ano!r's--x mu/ ei!r imitate or orig9ate2 imitation is m]ely repetition1 & is 9 ! p[] ( a mirror4 ,s t :at 9 e art _c be taught is expression4 #dji ,! highe/ ef=t ( ! s\l is spontane\s & orig9al4 ,h]e9 we f9d ! sup]iority--visible at a glance--( ,ca?olic ar*itecture ov] ! ,greek ord]s1 ( ,ca?olic del9eations ( ! human c\nt5ance ov] ! f9e/ models ( antiquity4 ,we h suffici5tly consid]$ ! orig9ative "* ( ,ca?olicity "u ! aspect ( con/ruct$ =m4 ,we h contemplat$ h] m\ld+ & %ap+ matt] 9 h] flexible f+]s1 & evolv+ t wild]ness ( arti/ic grace & lovel9ess :i*1 9 ! ru9s ( a ,t9t]n or ,melrose ,abbey1 compels ! admiration1 b defies ! rivalry1 ( ! apo/ate sons ( ,ca?olic sires4 ,we %all n[ consid] h] influ5ce 9 ! build+ up ( /ates & ! organization ( societies4 ,*ri/ianity took its rise "u a univ]sal milit>y despotism4 ,x su/a9$ = ?ree hundr$ ye>s ! sup]9cumb5t pressure ( a ho/ile hea!n empire4 ,x exhau/$ ! malice & ! p[] ( a pagan & brutaliz$ temporal ord]2 & :5 ! ,roman empire %ook ! _w ) its fall1 ,*ri/ianity surviv$ ! dea?-?roes ( t mighty organization4 ,:5 %e rose f ! catacombs1 %e did n sweep away ! temples ( ! hea!n gods2 %e drove f ^? fanes ! unclean spirits :i* s long _h dwelt )9 !m2 %e rescu$ !m f _! demon desecration1 monum5ts ( h] triumph1 trophies ( h] victori\s agonies2 %e made !m ! basilicas ( h] maje/ic wor%ip4 ,:5 ! fi]ce tribes f ! nor? p\r$ ov] ,s\!rn ,europe1 ! *ur* pres]v$ :at 0 s\nd 9 ! ,roman civilization1 in/ruct$ ! b>b>ians 9 agriculture by ! example ( h] labori\s monks1 & taught !m all ! arts ( life2 in/itut$ laws & polity2 temp]$ & re/ra9$ tyranny2 plant$ & n\ri%$ ! se$s ( lib]ty2 develop$ civilization & ref9em5t1 & built up ! :ole gr& fabric ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,9 ?is =mation ( new /ates out ( new populations1 !y did n become p]fect exempl>s ( ,*ri/ian e?ics & morals1 nor exact expon5ts ( ! =mative p[] ( ,ca?olicity4 ,! *ur* enc\nt]$ 9 ^? ages1 z %e does 9 ?is1 incessant ob/acles1 difficulties1 & resi/ance4 ,:atev] 0 good & admirable 9 ^? con/itutions came to !m f ! ,ca?olic religion & 0 d]iv$ f ! papal see4 ,! canon law _h1 "u ! emp]ors1 temp]$ & modifi$ ! civil code2 & among ! new /ates x op]at$ a b5eficial *ange 9 ! feudal pr9ciples4 ,bo? ^! sy/ems prescrib$ = ! mass ( m5 an un*ri/ian s]vitude4 ,enlight5$ equity & ju/ice1 & equality be=e ! law1 orig9at$ 9 ! jurisprud5ce ( ! *ur*1 & n 9 b>b>\s feudalities1 nor 9 ! caprici\s & tyrannical decrees ( ,roman emp]ors4 ,!re are m5 9 ?is age & c\ntry :o pr(ess great love = ! p & great reg>d = ! rights ( labor1 b :o are /an* p>tisans ( ! tyrants ( ! middle age 9 ! cont5tions :i* arose betwe5 !m & ! papal see4 ,inh]it$ ill-w bl9ds !m to ! fact t ! only p[] 9 ^? days :i* c\ld hold tyranny to an acc\ntability or *eck k+ly lic5se 0 t ( ! pope4 ,! ex]cise ( ! papal protectorate n only t5d$ to prev5t causeless w>s1 b x controll$ ! corrupt+ influ5ce ( royal vices by /amp+ !m ) reprobation &1 :]e ne$ful1 ) degradation4 ,x 0 ! bulw>k ( ! feebl] /ates1 ! b>ri] aga9/ pr9cely ambition1 & ev]y:]e ! advocate1 ! fri5d1 & ! def5d] ( ! toil+ multitude4 #daj ,! new organization ( /ates 0 to be m>k$ by a *>act]i/ic :i* 0 also new4 ,human gov]nm5t is orda9$ ( ,god4 ,*ri/ianity 0 to recognize & to exemplify ?is tru?4 ,%e 0 to legitimate & ennoble human gov]nm5t 9 its own sep>ate ord]4 ,to effect ?is 9 ! fulle/ mann]1 !re mu/ be an exemplification directly f ! p]sonality ( ! hi]>*y2 =1 sacrifice be+ ! mo/ exalt$ human action1 ! prie/1 ^: (fice x is to (f] sacrifice1 is by 8 function fir/ among m54 ,! highe/ recognition mu/ !re=e d]ive f ! prie/hood4 ,b !re w\ld always be some?+ lack+ ( ! highe/1 unless ! head ( ! hi]>*y 7 a temporal rul]4 ,! temporal p[] ( ! pope is ! consecration ( human gov]nm5t4 ,unlike o!rs1 he receives no dignity f ! (fice1 b conf]s grace ^u x & ^u its ord]2 & ,*ri/5dom1 creat$ by ! *ur*1 receives ! key-/one ( its /r5g? & its cr[n+ symmetry :5 ! fir/ ( ,*ri/ian prie/s becomes a rul] among ! nations4 ,& consequ5tly1 religion suff]s its dire/ outrage :51 rev]s+ ! ord]1 ! temporal p[] lays its unfalt]+ h& ^u ! vessels ( ! sanctu>y4 ,! *ur* n only creat$ ! int]ior coh]5cy ( /ates by introduc+ j pr9ciples into _! con/itution2 %e n only b\nd !m 9 l9ks ( fell[%ip ^: nexus 0 at ,rome2 %e also organiz$ _! ext]ior def5ce4 ,9 unit+ ,*ri/5dom dur+ ! crusades to repel ! ,moslem invasion1 ! popes caus$ ! recon/ruction ( sy/ematic & sci5tific /rategy1 :i* _h disappe>$ ) ! ,roman legion1 ?us furni%+ to civilization a ne$ful def5ce & a desirable sup]iority1 :ile at ! same "t ! n>r[ _s ( ! feudal me?od & its local /rifes 7 r5d]$ obsolete4 ,= a ?\s& ye>s ! /ruggle begun by ,mohamm$an invasion cont9u$ to rage on ! conf9es ( ,europe4 ,at its e>ly p]iod x p5etrat$ to ,t\rs 9 ,france1 :]e x 0 *eck$ by ,*>les ,m>tel1 9 #gcb4 ,b ! triumph 0 n complet$ on t w+ ( ,*ri/5dom till ! capture ( ,granada1 & ! annihilation ( ! ,moori% p[] 9 ,spa9 9 ! ye> ( ! discov]y ( ,am]ica4 ,on ! o!r bord]1 ! ,turks besieg$ & took ,belgrade1 & suff]$ a f9al repulse at ,vi5na f ,john ,sobieski1 ,k+ ( ,pol&1 9 #afhc4 ,b1 s f> z human causes indicate1 ! "q :e!r ! fai? ( ,europe %\ld be ,*ri/ian or ,moslem 0 decid$ 9 ! ,gulf ( ,lepanto1 9 #aega4 ,^! 7 all ,european battle-fields4 ,! /ruggle 0 aga9/ an invasion :i* /ruck at ! exi/5ce ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! ma/]-_s :i* creat$1 comb9$1 in=m$1 & direct$ ! resi/ance dwelt 9 ! ,vatican4 ,! mod]n age is di/+ui%$ = ! int5se application ( human intellig5ce to ! laws & conditionalities ( "t1 space1 & matt]1 9 _! triple relations2 & ,provid5ce seems to be p]mitt+ to man ! reass]tion ( 8 dom9ion ov] ! e>?4 ,k is p[]1 b ! "r employm5t ( p[] is virtue2 & unless ! moral =ces keep pace ) ! conque/s ( m9d 9 ! realm ( matt]1 !re w ensue antagonisms m de/ructive ?an be=e1 z well z a m pr(\nd desolation ( ! human race4 ,! rectification ( ! w is ( an importance prior & sup]ior to ! activity ( ! intellig5ce2 & )\t a religi\s fai? & sanction ! fruits ( ! und]/&+ are b du/ & a%es4 #daa ,:5 we consid] ! _s ( inv5tion & exam9e its results1 ?ree great products assume an ackn[l$g$ sup]iority4 ,^! are1 ! magnet1 ) its coroll>y1 ! ext5sion ( geographical discov]y2 ! pr9t+-press 9 its action ^u intellig5ce2 & gunp[d] 9 its relation to physical =ces 9 w>4 ,! magnet c nev] aga9 po9t ! way to a discov]y l t :i* 0 a*iev$ by ,columbus2 ! art ( pr9t+ _c be appli$ to a high] purpose ?an t ( multiply+ copies ( ! ,holy ,scriptures2 & gunp[d]1 :i* /ill controls ! practice ( ! art ( w>1 0 nev] employ$ ^u an occasion s critical to civilization & s mom5t\s 9 ! _w's affairs1 z :5 ! cannon ( ,don ,john ( ,au/ria won = ,*ri/5dom ! great fleet-fight ( ,lepanto4 ,^! ?ree comm&+ discov]ies1 & ^! _! greate/ applications1 belong to ,ca?olic nations & to ,ca?olic individuals4 ,! ,prote/ant religions h no "p 9 ^! discov]ies1 because !re is an awkw>d metaphysical axiom :i* says t ! cause mu/ exi/ be=e ! effect1 & ^! greate/ ( inv5tions all prec$$--"s ( !m by c5turies--! bir? ( ,prote/antism4 ,"s writ]s h claim$ t ! inv5tive _s began ) ! dawn ( ! ,re=mation1 at :i* "t1 accord+ to ,rob]t ,hall1 ! nations awoke f ! sleep ( ages to run a c>e] ( virtu\s emulation4 ,if ?is be s1 :y is x t lat] discov]ies h n equall$ ^? :i* we h j specifi$8 ,accord+ to ?is !ory1 ! dawn eclipses ! noon-day2 & ,prote/antism w\ld seem to belong to t class ( ?+s ( :i* ! less y h ( !m ! bett]4 ,! revival ( lett]s is usually dat$ 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & t honor is univ]sally accord$ to ,italy4 ,! fir/ bank & ! fir/ newspap] are f\nd at ,v5ice4 ,! ,bible _h be5 publi%$ 9 num]\s editions be=e ,lu!r began to dogmatize f a pr9t$ copy ( x 9 ,saxony4 ,! sy/em ( mod]n comm]ce took its rise "u ! papacy1 & ran a brilliant c>e] 9 ! ,italian republics1 & 9 ! free cities ( ,g]many1 long be=e ! era ( ! ,prote/ant religions4 ,columbus _h discov]$ ! ,new ,_w1 & ,vasco da ,gama _h d\bl$ ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope & m>k$ ! pa?way to ,india1 be=e ! rise ( ,engl&'s comm]cial greatness4 ,! progress _h be5 in/all$1 & _h a*iev$ su* works z ^!1 be=e ! c5tury 9 :i* ,"l ,bacon liv$ to write 8 ,inductive ,sy/em ( ,philosophy4 ,x w\ld be an incomplete view ( ! subject if we fail$ to rem>k ! endur+ "* ( ! "w :i* is ( ,ca?olic creation4 ,n l ! mutable religions :i* prote/ aga9/ h]2 nor /ruck ) incurable /]ility1 l ! ,greek s*ismatic2 nor froz5 into lifeless =ms1 l ^? ( ! ,asiatic _w2 ! liv+ fai? ( ! *ur* incessantly & indef9itely advances ! nation & ! individual :o fai?fully correspond to x4 ,t vitality1 once infus$ into ! pulses ( a p1 goes =? f !m only ) its lifeblood4 ,!re is an exemplification ( ?is tru? 9 ! p]secution :i* ! ,iri% p h su/a9$1 & are su/a9+1 at ! h&s ( ! ,engli% gov]nm5t4 ,hi/ory pres5ts no p>allel to ?is antagonism ( physical p[]1 on ! "o h&1 & moral det]m9ation on ! o!r4 #dab ,to su/a9 h] w>s ( aggression1 & to uphold h] dete/able sy/em ( classes & privileg$ ord]s1 ,engl& has tax$ ev]y?+1 ev5 ! air & ! light ( heav54 ,?is legaliz$ oppression has gr\nd d[n ! ,engli% labor] & op]ative1 b x has fall5 ) cru%+ cruelty ^u ! ,iri% peasant1 ^: c\ntry1 9 addition to ! evil ( p>tial & jeal\s legislation1 has be5 compell$ to pay ti!s to a ho/ile & hat+ cre$4 ,?is m]ciless sy/em has depopulat$ ! l&1 & 9 ! en=c$ emigration ! ,iri% peasant has f\nd no p[]ful gov]nm5t to aid him 9 8 go+2 he has paid1 to ! la/ f>?+1 ! exactions & robb]ies ( ,engli% dom9ation1 & !n has made 8 own unassi/$ way1 dogg$ by an inflict$ pov]ty b ) 8 gallant _s /ill unbrok54 ,:at has ,engl& ga9$ by ?is conflict ( c5turies ) ,irel&8 ,%e has sapp$ h] own /r5g? & m]it$ ! condemnation ( mank9d4 ,moral causes control ! univ]se1 & ! moral h]oism ( ,irel& has vanqui%$ e odds & e disa/]4 ,a temporal p[] f> great] ?an t ( ,rome :5 h] eagles 7 inv9cible has pursu$ = ages ! det]m9$ purpose ( =c+ ! p ( ! si/]-isl& to jo9 9 prote/ & ho/ility aga9/ ! ,apo/olic ,see4 ,b ! imp]ial mon>*y1 ! ri*es1 ! spl5dor1 ! craft ( ,engl& h f\nd _! ma/] 9 ! /]n1 unyield+1 unconqu]able fidelity ) :i* ! ,iri% p h clung to ! ,ca?olic fai?4 ,! exi/5ce ( ?is hemisph]e 0 made kn[n by ag5cies altoge!r ,ca?olic4 ,! fir/ act ( ,columbus on 8 l&+ 9 ! ,new ,_w1 t ( plant+ a cross ^u its soil1 ! mean+ ev5 ( 8 baptismal "n1 0 significant4 ,9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 9 ^? self-same ye>s t nations 7 torn f h] communion by ! abuse ( le>n+ & lib]ty d]iv$ f h]self1 ,ca?olicity 0 engag$ 9 wid5+ ! doma9 ( ,*ri/5dom & add+ a cont95t to ! fai?4 ,i w briefly quote a ,new ,engl& ,prote/ant writ] 9 ?is connection4 ,9 ! second volume ( 8 ,conque/ ( ,p]u1 ,prescott says3 ,! ef=t to *ri/ianize ! hea!n is an honorable *>act]i/ic ( ! ,spani% conque/s4 ,! ,puritan1 ) equal religi\s zeal1 did comp>atively little = ! conv]sion ( ! ,indian4 ,b ! ,spani% mission>y1 f fir/ to la/1 has %[n a ke5 int]e/ 9 ! spiritual welf>e ( ! natives4 ,"u 8 auspices *ur*es1 on a magnific5t scale1 h be5 erect$1 s*ools = elem5t>y in/ruction f\nd$1 & e rational means tak5 to spread ! k ( religi\s tru?1 :ile he has c>ri$ 8 solit>y mission into remote & almo/ inaccessible regions1 or ga!r$ 8 ,indian disciples into communities1 l ! good ,las ,casas 9 ,cuman1 or ! ,jesuits 9 ,cali=nia & ,p>aguay4 ,at all times ! c\rage\s ecclesia/ic has be5 ready to lift 8 voice aga9/ ! cruelty ( ! conqu]or1 & :5 8 remon/rances h prov$ unavail+1 he has /ill foll[$ to b9d up ! brok5-he>t$1 to tea* ! poor ,indian resignation "u 8 lot1 & light up 8 d>k intellect ) ! revelation ( a holi] & happi] exi/5ce4 ,! same nation :i* s5t =? ! h>d-he>t$ conqu]or f its bosom s5t =? ! mission>y to d ! "w ( b5efic5ce1 & spread ! light ( ,*ri/ian civilization ov] ! f>!/ regions ( ! new _w4 ,else:]e ! same hi/orian speaks ?us ( ! ,spani% conqu]or ( ,mexico3 ,! conv]sion ( ! hea!n 0 a pr$om9ant motive ) ,cortes 9 8 exp$ition4 ,x 0 n a va9 boa/4 ,he w\ld h sacrific$ 8 life = x at any "t2 & m ?an once1 by 8 indiscreet zeal1 he actually did place 8 life & ! success ( 8 ent]prise 9 jeop>dy4 ,x 0 8 great purpose to purify ! l& f ! bruti% abom9ations ( ! ,aztecs by sub/itut+ ! religion ( ,jesus4 ,?is gave to 8 exp$ition ! "* ( a crusade4 ,x furni%$ ! be/ apology = ! conque/1 & does m ?an all o!r consid]ations t[>d enli/+ our sympa?ies on ! side ( ! conqu]ors4 #dac ,= ! b5efit ( ^? :o h a t5d] sympa?y = ! ,incas & ,montezumas1 & naught b execrations = ! ,spani% invad]s1 x may be rem>k$ t ! religions ( ,mexico & ,p]u 7 /a9$ ) human sacrifices1 foll[$ 9 ! =m] by cannibalism4 ,! same un]r+ & irresponsible ,be+--ev] adju/+ ! retribution to ! crime--:o hurls ! avalan*e f its m\nta91 gives its mission to ! tempe/1 & sc\rges ! city ) pe/il5ce1 likewise directs ! fe>ful visitation ( ! sword1 :e!r 9 ! h& ( a ,jo%ua1 a ,cyrus1 an ,attila1 or a ,piz>ro4 ,on ! s\!rn cont95t ,ca?olic colonization pres]v$1 *ri/ianiz$1 & elevat$ ! aborig9al races2 :ile 9 ! nor?1 ,prote/ant colonization swept away ev5 _! graves4 ,x is "t to consid]1 & 9 a m special mann]1 ! ag5cy ( ! ,ca?olic religion 9 ! =mation ( ?is maje/ic ,republic ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! fundam5tal pr9ciple ^u :i* our ance/ors bas$ _! resi/ance to ,engl& 01 t !y 7 ,engli%m51 & _h lo/ none ( ! rights ( ,briti% subjects by be+ transplant$ to ^! %ores4 ,!y claim$ ! sy/em ( ! common law z an inh]itance1 & also all ^? gu>antees :i* _h gr[n up into t frame-"w call$ ! ,engli% ,con/itution4 ,^u ?is issue !y w5t into ! ,revolution1 & ^u ! same issue ,*a?am1 & ,burke1 & o!rs def5d$ ! cause ( ! coloni/s 9 ! ,briti% p>liam5t4 ,! def9ite "q1 !n1 is1 ,:at 7 ^? pr9ciples1 & :5ce 7 !y d]iv$8 ,! fir/ decl>ation ( public rights 9 ,engl& is ! docum5t call$ ,magna ,*>ta1 deliv]$ by ,k+ ,john1 at ,runnym$e1 9 #abae4 ,?is in/rum5t beg9s z foll[s3 ,john1 by ! grace ( ,god ,k+ ( ,engl&1 ,"l ( ,irel&1 ,duke ( ,norm&y & ,aquita9e1 & ,e>l ( ,anj\3 ,to ! ar*bi%ops1 bi%ops1 abbots1 e>ls1 b>ons1 ju/ici>ies ( ! =e/s1 %]iffs1 gov]nors1 (fic]s1 & to all bailiffs1 & o!r 8 fai?ful subjects1 ,greet+3 ,"k ye t we1 9 ! pres5ce ( ,god1 & = ! heal? ( our s\l1 & ! s\ls ( all our ance/ors & heirs1 & ! exaltation ( 8 holy *ur*1 & am5dm5t ( our k+dom1 by advice ( our v5]able fa!rs1 ,/eph51 ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1 ,primate ( all ,engl&1 & ,c>d9al ( ! ,holy ,roman ,*ur*2 ,h5ry1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,dubl92 ,william1 ,bi%op ( ,london1 444 h1 9 ! fir/ place1 grant$ to ,god1 & by ?is our pres5t *>t]1 confirm$ = u & our heirs = ev]4 ,,art4 ,i4 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& %all be free1 & enjoy h] :ole rights & privileges inviolable1 etc4 ,_m ( ! articles are occupi$ ) matt]s relat+ to feudal t5ures1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 are )\t application to ?is c\ntry4 ,! tw5tie? article is z foll[s3 ,,art4 ,,xx4 ,a freeman t is1 a free-hold] %all n be am]c$ = a small fault1 only accord+ to ! degree ( 8 fault2 & = a great crime1 9 proportion to ! he9\sness ( x1 sav+ to him 8 cont5em5t1 means ( livelihood2 & aft] ! same mann] a m]*ant1 sav+ to him 8 m]*&ise2 & a ville9 %all be am]c$ aft] ! same mann]1 sav+ to him 8 wa9age1 c>ts1 etc41 if he falls "u our m]cy2 & none ( ! a=esaid am]ciam5ts %all be assess$ b by ! oa?s ( hone/ m5 ( ! neighborhood4 ,,art4 ,,xxx4 ,no %]iff or bailiff ( ours1 or any o!r1 %all take horses or c>ts ( any freeman = c>riage1 )\t ! cons5t ( ! said freeman4 ,,art4 ,,xxxi4 ,nei!r %all we or our bailiffs take any man's timb] = our ca/les or o!r uses1 unless by ! cons5t ( ! own] ( ! timb]4 ,,art4 ,,xxxix4 ,no freeman %all be tak5 or imprison$1 or disseis$1 or outlaw$1 or bani%$1 or any way de/roy$2 nor w we condemn him1 or commit him to prison1 unless by ! legal judgm5t ( 8 pe]s1 or by ! law ( ! l&4 #dad ,,art4 ,,xl4 ,to none we w sell1 to none w we d5y1 nor delay1 "r or ju/ice4 ,,art4 ,,li4 ,&1 z soon z peace is re/or$1 we w s5d out ( ! k+dom all =eign soldi]s1 cross-b[m51 & /ip5di>ies1 :o are come ) horses & arms1 to ! injury ( ! k+dom4 ,,art4 ,,lv4 ,all unju/ & illegal f9es1 & all am]ciam5ts impos$ unju/ly1 & contr>y to ! law ( ! l&1 %all be entirely =giv51 etc4 ,! sixty-?ird & la/ article is3 ,,art4 ,,lxiii4 ,:]e=e we w1 & firmly enjo91 t ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& be free1 & t all m5 9 our k+dom h & hold all ! a=esaid lib]ties1 rights1 & concessions peaceably1 etc4 ,copies ( ?is *>t] 7 f\nd to h be5 deposit$ 9 ! ca!drals ( ,l9coln1 ,salisbury1 & ,gl\ce/]4 ,:51 9 ! next reign1 t ( ,h5ry ,,iii41 circum/ances requir$ t ! *>t] %\ld be confirm$1 ! c]emony 0 p]=m$ by ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury & ! o!r bi%ops4 ,com+ be=e ! k+1 9 ,we/m9/] ,hall1 ) tap]s 9 _! h&s1 !y d5\nc$ excommunication aga9/ ! break]s ( ! *>t]2 &1 ca/+ d[n _! tap]s1 exclaim$1 ,s may all t incur ?is s5t5ce be ext+ui%$4 ,to :i* ! k+ respond$1 ,s help me ,god1 ,i w keep all ^! ?+s inviolate4 ,hallam says1 ( ?is great *>t]3 ,x is /ill ! key-/one ( ,engli% lib]ty1 & all t has s9ce be5 obta9$ is little m ?an z confirmation or comm5t>y4 ,sir ,james ,mack9to% & ,sir ,william ,black/one agree ess5tially ) ,hallam4 ,9 respect to ! m]it ( obta9+ ! *>t]1 ,mr4 ,hallam says3 ,z f> z we are guid$ by hi/orical te/imony1 two great m51 ! pill>s ( our *ur* & /ate1 may be consid]$ z entitl$ beyond ! re/ to ! glory ( ?is monum5t--,/eph5 ,langton1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1 & ,william1 ,e>l ( ,pembroke4 ,( ! *>t]1 ,sir ,william ,black/one says3 ,x protect$ e individual ( ! nation 9 ! free enjoym5t ( 8 life1 8 lib]ty1 & 8 prop]ty1 unless decl>$ to be =feit$ by ! judgm5t ( 8 pe]s4 ,! ,petition ( ,"r1 pass$ 9 #afbh1 0 bas$ confess$ly ^u ,magna ,*>ta4 ,its pr9cipal provisions are3 #a4 ,t no loan or tax might be levi$1 save by cons5t ( p>liam5t4 #b4 ,t no man might be imprison$ b by legal process4 #c4 ,t soldi]s might n be qu>t]$ on p aga9/ _! w4 #d4 ,t no commissions be grant$ = execut+ m>tial law4 ,?is ,petition ( ,"r1 9 its ?ird article1 quotes entire ! ?irty-n9? ( ! *>t]1 :i* is !re /yl$ ! great *>t] ( ! lib]ties ( ,engl&4 ,coke1 :o drew up ! petition1 9 8 spee* aga9/ ! k+'s pr]ogative1 says3 ,9 my op9ion1 x weak5s ,magna ,*>ta & all our /atutes4 ,! ,bill ( ,rights1 pass$ at ! ,revolution ( #afhh1 assumes x z ! cle> duty ( ! subjects to v9dicate & ass]t _! anci5t rights & lib]ties4 ,! ,act ( ,settlem5t decl>es t ! laws ( ,engl& are ! bir?right ( ! p !re(4 #dae ,! correspond5ce & analogy betwe5 ! pr9ciples ( ! great *>t]1 toge!r ) its successive comm5t>ies & confirmations1 & ^? ^u :i* ! ,am]ican ,revolution re/s1 are obvi\s & /rik+4 ,we may p>ticul>ly in/ance ! royal infr+em5ts ^u ! rights ( ! coloni/s1 9 refus+ ass5t to laws ! mo/ :olesome & necess>y to ! public good2 keep+ up /&+ armies 9 "t ( peace )\t ! cons5t ( ! legislature2 affect+ to r5d] ! milit>y indep5d5t ( & sup]ior to ! civil p[]2 qu>t]+ arm$ troops ^u ! inhabitants2 impos+ taxes ^u !m )\t _! cons5t2 depriv+ !m1 9 _m cases1 ( ! b5efit ( trial by jury2 & alt]+ fundam5tally ! =m ( _! gov]nm5t4 ,)\t a basis ( "r pr9ciple1 ! ,am]ican ,revolution w\ld h be5 a rebellion aga9/ legitimate au?ority1 & ! p w\ld h be5 depriv$ ( t rectitude ( consci5ce :i* bore !m ?r\gh ! w>2 !y w\ld h be5 demoraliz$ by ! ov]?r[ ( _! inbr$ loyalty1 )\t :i* no free gov]nm5t is secure4 ,if !re 0 n a violation ( consci5ce 9 )draw+ _! allegiance to ! ,briti% cr[n1 x 0 because !y _h sov]eign rights :i* 7 above t allegiance4 ,x 0 because !re 0 a ,magna ,*>ta :i*1 9 ! words ( ,coke1 w\ld brook no sovran4 ,! conte/ 0 = ^? transmitt$ lib]ties :i* ! ,am]ican p claim$ z a bir?right "u ! ,briti% ,con/itution4 ,ne>ly six c5turies divide #aggf f #abae2 b ! gulf is spann$ by t ar* ( immortal pr9ciples :i* 0 project$ by ,c>d9al ,/eph5 ,langton & 8 ,ca?olic compe]s 9 ! mead[ ( ,runnym$e4 ,9 violat+ ! unity ( ,*ri/5dom 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 ,engl& ?us outrag$ ! national consci5ce1 & h] disloyalty to ! tru? t %e _h inh]it$ = a ?\s& ye>s 0 foll[$ by ! oppression ( h] colonies1 :i* f9ally l$ to _! sep>ation f h]4 ,!re 0 ?is great pr9ciple involv$ 9 t conte/1 & ?is great diff]5ce 9 favor ( ! coloni/s3 ,engl& oppress$ !m1 f h] want ( ,ca?olic guidance & re/ra9t & ! obs]vance ( h] own organic pr9ciple2 !y resi/$ h] on t basis ( public "r1 & loyalty1 & reason1 :i* _h be5 emb$d$ 9 ! ,engli% ,con/itution by _! common ,ca?olic ance/ry4 ,n = ! def5ce only ( ^? rights1 b = ! k ( !m--= _! v exi/5ce--7 our ance/ors indebt$ to ! ,roman ,ca?olic religion4 ,^u ! traditional laws & free pr9ciples ( ! ,engli% ,con/itution1 we h erect$ an unrivall$ sy/em ( ord] & "r1 :ile 9 ,engli% h&s !y h deg5]at$ into a s*eme ( legaliz$ oppression :i* is )\t a p>allel among nations claim+ to be free4 ,provid5ce1 act+ on ev5ts1 has s dispos$ !m t ,engl&'s p]secution ( ! fai? has transf]r$ ! ,ca?olic population f t c\ntry to ?is1 :]e ) ! language are f\nd also ! true tradition & ! j developm5t ( ! ,engli% ,ca?olic con/itution4 ,:at is want$ to ! p]fection ( ,am]ican nationality is a firm moral1 t is1 religi\s f\ndation4 ,x is easily susceptible ( pro( t no /rong nationality has ev] subsi/$ )\t su* a basis4 ,i d n1 ( c\rse1 limit ! proposition to ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,b ! f\ndation mu/ be ! m /able z ! religion :i* und]lies & props x is ne>] to a con=mity ) unmix$ tru?4 ,! fir/ /ep 9 our c>e] ( greatness 0 to turn f ,engl& & to advance t[>d t unity :i* %e _h ab&on$--:5 we seiz$ ^u ! traditional ,ca?olic pr9ciples & def5d$ !m aga9/ h] attempt$ despotism4 #daf ,! true c\rse ( our national welf>e & security lies /ill 9 ! same direction--t[>d unity1 & t[>d ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,= :at is to supply ! spiritual ne$s ( ?is "y1 & en]getic1 & glori\s p8 ,surely n ^! transmitt$ & transplant$ h]esies :i* h pass$ into _! decl9e & are tott]+ 9 _! dotage4 ,! cre$ :i* might answ] = "s b\nd$ isl&1 a petty electorate1 or a m\nta9 canon1 is too n>r[ = ?is cont95tal p[]1 :i* ne$s a religion conf$]ate z its own union & wide z ! expansion ( its own doma94 ,we h "h _m difficult & divid+ moral que/ions already press+ = a solution4 ,! fusion ( ! ,caucasian tribes--already h>moniz$ by ! ,ca?olic traditions1 & nev] v remotely divid$ by *>act]i/ics--w probably s]ve b z ! orig9ation ( a sup]ior race3 at lea/ physiological laws give no gr\nd to fe> a det]ioration4 ,b we h "h a num]\s di/9ct race :i* mu/ ev] rema9 di/9ct1 & :i* increases m rapidly ?an ! :ite population4 ,i am n aw>e t hi/ory furni%es an in/ance ( ! j reconciliation ( two di/9ctly diff]5t races ( m5 ^u ! same soil1 except by ! aid ( ! ,ca?olic religion4 ,9 ,mexico & 9 ,s\? ,am]ica ! ,ca?olic religion is e/abli%+ su* a reconciliation1 & x is ! only h>moniz+ elem5t 9 ^? societies4 ,x is impossible to say :at peaceful solution ( ! problem w be rea*$ "h2 b ! ultimate de/9y ( ! ,african blood plant$ & root$ on ?is soil w be ei!r adjudicat$ ^u ,ca?olic pr9ciples1 or else philan?ropic !ories1 veil !m z we may1 w apply to ! evil ! rem$y /ill worse ( civil w>4 ,que/ions l ?is dem& a guide to consci5ce & a cle> & uni=m exposition ( moral obligations4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t has nev] d5i$ ! due spiritual au?ority ( ! ,head ( ! ,*ur*--has nev] done aught to infr+e 8 j pr]ogatives4 ,!re has nev] be5 enact$ "h an orig9al or =mal prote/ aga9/ ! rights ( ! ,apo/olic ,see4 ,?is p h nev] ?r[n (f ! claims ( ! ,ca?olic religion1 & !y h n reject$ x4 ,! nation is n "u ! ban ( a misguid$ defiance ( ! "r spiritual au?ority4 ,9 no s5se1 !re=e1 has ?is nation z a nation compromis$ itself z aga9/ ^? fundam5tal pr9ciples ( unity & lib]ty ( :i* ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is1 9 ! spiritual ord]1 ! true & only repres5tative4 ,z f h] & h] alone x c receive ! p]petual impulse ( a free1 progressive1 national developm5t1 s 9 yield+ to h] influ5ce is x guilty ( no incon/ancy to its organtic law1 ( no infidelity to its hi/oric pa/4 ,! de/9y :i* x is de/9$ to accompli% 9 ! political dep5ds ^u ! position :i* x volunt>ily assumes 9 ! moral ord]1 & ?is 9 turn ^u ! s\rce f :i* x dr9ks 9 ! spr+s ( its religi\s life4 ,x ne$s b to be true to its orig91 its con/itution1 its equity1 & its ance/ral virtues to become & to rema9 ! =emo/ ( ! nations ( ! e>?4 ,b tru? to ^! necessitates fidelity to h] f :om visibly & directly n only !y1 b all t is noble & elevat+ 9 art or arms or civilization has orig9at$1 & 9 :om !y h f\nd an impregnable def5d]--! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ! ,communion ( ! ,apo/olic ,see4 ---------- #dag ,translat$ ,f ,! ,hi/oris*-politis*e ,blaett]4 ,s*aff's ,*ur* ,hi/ory4 ,9 ! ye> #ahed appe>$ a "w ( great m]it1 entitl$ ,a ,hi/ory ( ! ,apo/olic ,*ur*1 toge!r ) a ,g5]al ,introduction to ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 f ! p5 ( ,philip ,s*aff1 a pr(essor 9 ! ,lu!ran ,sem9>y at ,m]c]sburg1 & a lit]>y colleague ( ,dr4 ,nev91 call$ ! ,am]ican proto-m>tyr ( ! suff]+ *ur*4 ,at t "t1 ,pr(essor ,s*aff1 :o is a native ( ,graubndt51 9 ,switz]l&1 0 mak+ a long /ay 9 ,europe4 ,9 ! same ye> he publi%$ two o!r works--,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,b]l91 #ahed1 pp4 #abi1 a bro*ure or precursor ( ! pres5t l>ge "w1 & ,am]ica--! ,political1 ,social1 & ,ecclesia/ico-,religi\s ,condition ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* is a cont9u\s eulogy ( 8 adopt$ c\ntry4 ,t ,dr4 ,s*aff has = ?irte5 ye>s zeal\sly prosecut$ ! /udy ( ecclesia/ical hi/ory1 ! unusual size ( ! "w be=e u suffici5tly ev9ces4 ,x is dat$ f ! ,bible ,h\se 9 ,new ,york1 ,janu>y1 #ahfg1 & d$icat$ to ! tea*]s & fri5ds ( ! au?or1 ,augu/ ,?oluck1 ,julius ,mll] ( ,halle1 ,j4 ,a4 ,dorn] ( ,b]l91 & ,j4 ,p4 ,lange ( ,bonn4 ,f ! preface & d$ication we le>n t ,s*aff /udi$ exegesis 9 ,tb+5 "u ,dr4 ,s*mid1 hi/ory "u ,dr4 ,bau]1 & att5d$ ! lectures on sy/ematic !ology ( ,dr4 ,dorn]4 ,at ?is "t he resid$ 9 ,halle1 "u ! hospitable ro( ( ,?oluck1 & by him & ,julius ,mll] he 0 enc\rag$ to *oose an academical c>e]4 ,s9ce 8 resid5ce 9 ,nor? ,am]ica he has twice visit$ ,europe1 9 #ahed & 9 #ahfe4 ,8 fri5ds frequ5tly wi%$ him to obta9 a pr(essor's *air 9 ,g]many1 b he c\ld n det]m9e to sep>ate himself f a l& 9 :i* s9ce 8 tw5ty-fif? ye> he _h f\nd a second home1 & desir$ 8 days to close 9 ! noble m$iator%ip betwe5 ! ,evangelical ,*ri/ianity ( ! ,g]man & ,engli% languages4 ,8 book %[s t he has def5d$ 9 ,am]ica1 n altoge!r unwor?ily1 ! ,g]man !ology--! true1 lib]al1 ca?olic1 & evangelical !ology4 ,an ,engli% translation ( ! pres5t hi/ory ( ! anci5t *ur*1 entitl$ ,hi/ory ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*2 or1 ,hi/ory ( ,anci5t ,*ri/ianity1 appe>$ at ! same "t4 ,editions ( ?is "w 7 simultane\sly publi%$ 9 ,new ,york & ,ed9burgh1 9 ! ye>s #ahei & #ahfb4 ,x is inde$ a cont9uation ( ,! ,apo/olic ,*ur*1 b1 l x1 a sep>ate "w x conta9s ! fruits ( tw5ty ye>s' active labor z pr(essor ( *ur* hi/ory 9 ,m]c]sburg1 ,p5nsylvania4 ,dr4 ,s*aff rema9$ 9 ,new ,york two ye>s1 = ! purpose ( avail+ himself ( ! use ( its l>g] libr>ies4 ,"h ! ,a/or ,libr>y 0 at 8 comm&4 #dah ,?is libr>y1 f\nd$ 9 ! ye> #ahej1 by ! ,g]man1 ,john ,jacob ,a/or1 ) a capital ( f\r hundr$ ?\s& doll>s1 has be5 ext5sively increas$ by 8 son4 ,x conta9s 9 a magnific5t build+ "o hundr$ & fifty ?\s& c>efully select$ volumes1 among :i* are _m co/ly & classic works on all bran*es ( lit]ature4 ,he _h also access to ! libr>y ( ! ,union ,!ological ,sem9>y1 :i* has pur*as$ ! ,van ,ess ,libr>y1 7t ( ! well-kn[n ,ca?olic ,bible translator17 ) a collection ( ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* & ! great le>n$ compilations2 x has s9ce be5 increas$ by ! addition ( ! libr>y ( ,e4 ,rob9son1 & ! productions ( rec5t ,prote/ant !ology4 ,x is wor?y ( rem>k t ! libr>ies ( our celebrat$ ,g]man *ur* hi/orians f9d _! way to ,am]ica4 ,?us1 ! ,ne&] libr>y has be5 = a l5g? ( "t 9 ! ,bapti/ ,sem9>y at ,ro*e/]2 ! ,?ilo ,libr>y 9 ,yale ,college1 ,new ,hav52 & ! ,ni$n] ,libr>y 9 ! ,congregationali/ ,sem9>y at ,&ov]4 ,ne&]'s libr>y1 toge!r ) ! manuscript ( 8 *ur* hi/ory1 are %elv$ 9 a sep>ate room at ,ro*e/]4 ,?is is un=tunately ! cu/om>y way 9 :i* ! important libr>ies ( ,g]man !ologians f9d _! way ei!r to ,engl& or ,nor? ,am]ica1 or1 at lea/1 are sold "u ! hamm]4 ,! au?or honors ! tru? :5 he ackn[l$ges & pref]s ! old] & mo/ly ,ca?olic inve/igators to ! labors ( ,prote/ant inquir]s4 ,he m5tions ! ,b5$ict9es 9 ! editions ( ! fa!rs ( ! *ur*1 ! ,boll&i/s 9 hagiography1 ,mansi & ,h>d\9 9 ! collection ( ! c\ncils1 ,gall&i1 ,dup91 ,ceilli]1 ,oud91 ,cave1 & ,j4 ,a4 ,fabricius 9 patrology & ! hi/ory ( *ur* lit]ature2 9 p>ticul> bran*es he m5tions ,tillemont1 ,peteau1 7,petavius17 ,bull1 ,b+ham1 & ,wal* z 8 favorite guides4 ,:e!r he w prep>e = ! press 8 num]\s manuscripts on ! *ur* hi/ory ( ! middle ages & mod]n times1 ! au?or ref]s to a di/ant & indef9ite "t4 ,x w be done if ,god grants him "t & /r5g?4 ,= ! pres5t1 8 leisure "t w be employ$ ) ! enl>g$ ,engli% edition ( ,lange's biblical works4 ,! peculi>ity ( our au?or consi/s 9 work+ up & turn+ to advantage ! /udies ( o!rs4 ,9 ,s*aff we f9d little or no indep5d5t rese>*1 = :i* he ne$s bo? "t & incl9ation1 b he excels 9 an exact & erudite employm5t ( t :i* has be5 prep>$ by o!rs4 ,we are n f9d+ fault ) ?is1 b r approve ( & comm5d x4 ,9 m p]sonal & indep5d5t inve/igation1 ! pres5t lacks ! results ( 8 previ\s intellectual labors4 ,dr4 ,s*aff may make ^! once m respect$2 inde$1 he avails himself m ext5sively ( ! labors ( ,ca?olic au?ors ?an any o!r mod]n ,prote/ant hi/orian4 ,9 a book s ri* 9 its cont5ts1 we are oblig$ to conf9e ourselves to a notice ( special po9ts only2 we pref] ?is limitation to an e/imate ( ! g5]al cont5ts1 :i* ( c\rse embrace ! ord9>y well-kn[n topics4 ,! au?or treats ( ! inn] life ( ! *ur*1 mona/icism1 ecclesia/ical cu/oms1 wor%ip1 & ,*ri/ian art m m9utely ?an any ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,! au?or discusses m briefly ?an we expect$ ! two important *apt]s on ! *ur*'s c>e ( ! poor1 & ( prison]s & slaves4 #dai ,! "q ( slav]y is consid]$ 9 p>agraphs #hi & #aeb1 9 ,! ,hi/ory ( ! ,apo/olic ,*ur*1 p>agraph #aac1 & 9 a sep>ate treatise publi%$ 9 #ahfa1 ,slav]y & ! ,bible4 ,m ?an ?irty-f\r ye>s ago1 z ,mhl] = ! fir/ "t treat$ ( ?is subject1 he c\ld say t he _h se>*$ ) ardor bo? l>ge & small works on *ur* hi/ory = ! purpose ( in/ruct+ himself on ! mode ( ! abolition ( slav]y1 b all to no purpose2 s t "h he 0 compell$ to op5 ! way himself4 ,frequ5tly s9ce t "t ?is "q has be5 hi/orically treat$1 b by no means exhau/$4 ,) a few words ,dr4 ,s*aff dismisses ! important decrees ( ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e 9 ! ye>s #caf & #cba4 ,he only rem>ks3 ,con/ant9e facilitat$ _! lib]ation1 grant$ ,sunday to !m1 & gave ecclesia/ics ! privilege ( emancipat+ _! slaves ( _! own w & )\t ! witnesses & c]emonies :i* 7 o!rwise necess>y4 ,"h he cites ,corpus ,juris1 #a4 i4 art4 #ac1 #a4 #a & #b4 ,! fact is1 t ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e issu$ a comm&1 ,april #ah?1 #cba1 to ,bi%op ,hosius1 ( ,cordova1 accord+ to :i* ! lib]ation ( slaves 9 ! ,*ri/ian *ur*es %\ld h ! same effect z manumission "u ! ,roman law4 ,! pr9cipal law ( ?is decree reads ?us3 ,^? :o lib]ate _! slaves 9 ! bosom ( ! *ur* are decl>$ to h done ?is ) ! same au?ority z if x 7 done by ! ,roman /ate1 ) h] accu/om$ solemnities4 ,?is /atute may be f\nd 9 ! ,!odosian ,code1 lib4 iv4 tit4 #g1 ,de ,manumiss4 9 ,ecclesia2 ,lex #b1 ,codex ,ju/94 ,de 81 qui 9 ,ecclesia manumittuntur4 ,x is m5tion$ by ,sozom5 9 ! ,hi/oria ,trip>tita1 & by ,nicephorus ,calli/i1 vii4 #ah4 ,x does n appe> to u t ,dr4 ,s*aff has se5 ! text ( ! decree2 = ?is does n ref] only to ! slaves ( ecclesia/ics1 b to slaves 9 g5]al4 ,:oev] decl>$ 9 ! *ur* t 8 slaves _h receiv$ _! lib]ty1 !y 7 f t fact free4 ,s*aff is ( ! op9ion t ,mhl]1 7:o 0 also ignorant ( ?is decree17 9 8 able treatise on ! abolition ( slav]y1 has ov]e/imat$ ! influ5ce ( ! s]mons ( ,/4 ,*ryso/om on ! subject1 & we _c say t he is entirely incorrect4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! latt] rais$ ! "q ( ! s-call$ inn] lib]ation ( ! slaves1 t is1 _! ,*ri/ian treatm5t1 ! solicitude & c>e ( ,*ri/ian ma/]s = _! s]vants4 ,! emancipation ( slaves :o 7 n prep>$ = lib]ty 0 always injuri\s to ! slaves !mselves1 & n at all promotive ( ! g5]al welf>e4 ,dr4 ,s*aff treats ! life & tea*+ ( ,/4 ,augu/9e ) becom+ respect4 ,he does him1 h[ev]1 a great inju/ice :5 he makes him tea*1 aft] ! example ( ,t]tullian & ,/4 ,cyprian1 ,footnote #aci a symbolical doctr9e ( ! ,la/ ,supp]1 :i* at ! same "t includes a real spiritual repa/ ?r\gh fai?1 & ?us 9 ?is respect he makes him approa* ! ,calv9i/ic or or?odox re=m$ doctr9e4 ,/4 ,augu/9e a ,calv9i/ 9 ! doctr9e ( ! ,eu*>i/6 ,b ! few passages :i* ,dr4 ,s*aff advances = ?is purpose prove directly ! fai? ( ,/4 ,augu/9e 9 ! real1 n 9 ! symbolical1 pres5ce ( ,*ri/ 9 ! sacram5t ( ! alt>4 ,9 8 tw5ty-six? tract on ,john we read3 ,:o abides n 9 ,*ri/1 nei!r eats 8 fle%1 nor dr9ks 8 blood1 ev5 ?\gh he %\ld press ) 8 tee? ! sacram5t ( ! body & blood ( ,*ri/4 ,footnote #aci3 ,x is ,dr4 ,s*aff1 & n ! au?or ( ! article1 :o attributes ?is doctr9e to ! two writ]s m5tion$4--,,ed4 ,c4 ,w4 #dbj ,our ,"l says3 ,he :o eate? my body1 & dr9ke? my blood1 abide? 9 me1 & ,i 9 him4 7,john vi4 #eg47 ,jesus ref]s to ^? :o receive x ) liv+ fai? & devotion1 s9ce ! m]e corporal p>tak+ ( ! ,eu*>i/ is no abid+ 9 ,*ri/2 !re=e ,/4 ,augu/9e c\ld say1 & s c e ,ca?olic tea*] at ! pres5t "t1 ,:o abides n 9 ,*ri/1 nei!r eats 7truly7 8 fle%1 nor dr9ks 8 blood1 ev5 ?\gh he %\ld press ) 8 tee? ! sacram5t ( ! body & blood ( ,*ri/4 ,! same doctr9e is conta9$ 9 ! famili> hymn1 ,sumunt boni1 sumunt mali1 sorte tam5 inoequali1 vitae vel int]itus ,footnote #adj ,footnote #adj3 ,! good & ! bad receive1 yet ) ! diff]5t lot ( life or ( de/ruction4 ,! wick$1 !n1 :o receive ! body1 receive x n to life1 b to judgm5t1 = ,*ri/ lives n 9 !m4 ,) no bett] reason c ,s*aff adduce ! words ( ,/4 ,augu/9e 9 ! prec$+ tract3 ,:y prep>e y\r tee? & y\r /oma*8 ,believe & eat4 ,e ,ca?olic tea*] mu/ decl>e ! same2 x is n ! corporal p>ticipation1 b ! spiritual disposition1 :i* is fai? & love1 :i* mu/ be impress$ ^u ! m9d ( ! fai?ful 9 receiv+ ! ,holy ,eu*>i/4 ,dr4 ,s*aff is q un=tunate 9 adduc+ ! passage1 7,de peccator1 m]itis et rem4 ii4 #be17 ,al?\gh x is n ! body ( ,*ri/1 yet x is holy1 s9ce x is a sacram5t4 ,! impression is creat$ 9 ! m9d ( ! read] t ,/4 ,augu/9e "h d5ies 9 pla9 words ! real pres5ce ( ,*ri/4 ,:5 we exam9e m closely1 x is f\nd t ! "q is n ( ! ,eu*>i/ at all1 b ( ! bless$ bread call$ ,eulogia1 & ( :i* cate*um5s 7 all[$ to p>take4 ,! entire passage runs ?us3 ,sanctification is n ( "o mode2 = ,i ?9k t ev5 cate*um5s are sanctifi$ 9 a c]ta9 way ?r\gh ! sign ( ,*ri/ & ! pray] ( ! imposition ( h&s2 & t :i* !y receive1 al?\gh x is n ! body ( ,*ri/1 yet x is holy1 m holy ?an ! food by :i* we are n\ri%$1 s9ce x is a sacram5t4 ,"h ! sa9t di/+ui%es ?ree k9ds ( food4 ,fir/1 t :i* is us$ = su/5ance2 second1 ! ,eulogia1 or ! bless$ bread1 :i* cate*um5s receiv$ aft] !y 7 set ap>t = ! lay+ on ( h&s & bless+s--?is is call$ a sacram5t2 & ?ird1 ! ,eu*>i/ic bread1 :i* he calls ! body ( ! ,"l4 ,?is bless$ bread 7:i* tw5ty ye>s ago ! au?or saw h&$ ar\nd 9 ,fr5* *ur*es7 is inde$ holi] ?an common bread1 a v sacram5t1 or1 z we w\ld say1 a sacram5tal1 b /ill x is n ! body ( ! ,"l4 ,! real pres5ce is1 !n1 taught 9 ?is passage1 & ,s*aff w\ld h be5 guilty ( a falsification if he _h read x 9 its prop] connection4 ,= 8 cr$it let u suppose t he has n done s4 ,we f9d ?is quotation 9 ,pr(essor ,s*mid's ,comp5dium ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,dogma1 ! fir/ edition ( :i* 0 (t5 be=e ,dr4 ,s*aff4 ,s*mid at lea/ p]mits ! tru? to appe> 7second edition1 p4 #aji7 :5 he quotes ,/4 ,augu/9e say+1 ,t :i* !y receive1 al?\gh x is n ! body ( ,*ri/1 yet x is holy1 etc4 ,s9ce we f9d s _m passages 9 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 :i* prove 8 belief 9 ! real pres5ce ( our ,"l 9 ! ,bless$ ,sacram5t1 we are b\nd to expla9 ! o!r passages1 9 :i* he speaks ( a figurative p>tak+1 9 con=mity ) !m4 #dba ,^! defects1 h[ev]1 d n prev5t u f he>tily ackn[l$g+ ! excell5ce ( ,pr(essor ,s*aff's "w1 & express+ ! hope t ! au?or may employ 8 und\bt$ tal5ts 9 ! s]vice ( ,*ri/ian tru?4 ---------- ,p5it5ce4 ,a ,sonnet4 ,a sorr[ t = %ame _h hid h] face1 ,so>$ to ,heav5's gate1 & knelt 9 p5ance !re ,b5ea? ! dusk cl\d ( h] own wet hair1 ,weep+1 z :o w\ld fa9 "s de$ erase ,t blots 9 dread eclipse baptismal grace3 ,l a fell$ tree ) all its bran*es fair ,%e lay--h] =ehead on ! ivory /air-- ,l[ murmur+1 ,j art ,?\1 b ,i am base4 ,!n saw ,i 9 my _s's unseal$ k5 ,h[ ,heav5's bright ho/s ?rill$ l ! gems ( morn ,:5 ,may w9ds on ! inc5se-bosom$ ?orn ,! diamonds *ange to ruby4 ,magdal5 ,arose1 & kiss$ ! ,savi\r's feet once m1 ,& to t suff]+ s\l 8 peace & p>don bore4 ,aubrey ,de ,v]e4 ---------- #dbb ,new ,publications4 ,cradle ,l&s4 ,by ,lady ,h]b]t4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,new-,york3 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society4 #ahfi4 ,we welcome ! appe>ance ( ?is h&some volume ) especial he>t9ess & int]e/ = at lea/ two reasons4 ,x is ! fir/ attempt ev] made by a ,ca?olic publi%] 9 ?is c\ntry to produce an illu/rat$ "w1 ( o!r ?an a /rictly religi\s "*1 suitable z a holiday gift & valuable at ! same "t f its intr9sic m]it2 & x is "o ( ! few good n>ratives 9 ! ,engli% language ( travel 9 ! ,holy ,l& writt5 by a dev\t ,ca?olic1 & fill$ consequ5tly ) a g5u9e religi\s _s4 ,we h _h ,*ri/mas books1 annuals1 etc41 "s ( !m excell5t 9 _! way2 b _! way 0 r a n>r[ "o1 & we h nev] until n[ attempt$ to rival ! ,prote/ant publi%+-h\ses on _! own gr\nd4 ,cradle ,l&s1 h[ev]1 is j ! book :i* hundr$s ( our fri5ds w be glad to buy = pres5ts1 & hundr$s m w be glad to h = _! own use4 ,x is v h&somely made1 is cle>ly pr9t$ on excell5t pap]1 & well b\nd2 & ! illu/rations1 fai?fully reproduc$ f ! ,london edition1 are ev]y?+ t c\ld be desir$4 ,! book is well wor? ! pa9s t h be5 sp5t on x4 ,lady ,h]b]t is an exp]i5c$ travell]2 ) a quick eye = :atev] is int]e/+1 & a /yle suffici5tly lively to make h] *apt]s easy read+4 ,%e has n ! graceful p5 ( a ,k+lake or a ,curtis2 b %e is r>ely or nev] dull1 & h] p[] ( description is by no means contemptible4 ,b1 z we said be=e1 a peculi> int]e/ belongs to h] n>rative on acc\nt ( ! _s ( ,ca?olic piety :i* p]meates x--n break+ out inopportunely 9 religi\s commonplaces1 b color+ ! sc5es %e pa9ts ) a graceful light ( fai?1 & entic+ u to look ^u ! l& ( our ,"l n ) ! eyes ( mod]n scepticism1 b 9 ! dev\t _s 9 :i* a good ,*ri/ian ought to look at x4 ,%e travell$ ) a p>ty ( fri5ds f ,egypt ?r\gh ,pale/9e1 visit+ ! holy places1 & aft]w>d pass+ into ,asia ,m9or4 ,%e describes n only ! v5]able relics ( ! pa/ scatt]$ ?r\gh ^? sacr$ spots1 & ! condition ( ! mod]n native population1 b ! /ate ( ,*ri/ianity1 ! conv5ts1 s*ools1 asylums1 & o!r religi\s f\ndations1 9 :i* %e appe>s to h f\nd frequ5t hospitality4 ,we ne$ n foll[ h] closely ov] gr\nd :i*1 9 its pr9cipal features1 is already famili> to mo/ ( our read]s2 b1 z specim5s ( h] /yle1 we %all reproduce a few episodical passages4 ,"h is a picture ( h>em life1 a subject trite en\gh1 yet always fre%3 ,be=e leav+ ,cairo1 ! ,engli% ladies 7 invit$ to sp5d an ev5+ 9 ! royal h>em1 & accord+ly1 at eight o'clock1 f\nd !mselves 9 a beautiful g>d51 ) f\nta9s1 lit by a multitude ( v>iegat$ lamps1 & 7 conduct$ by black eunu*s ?r\gh trellis-cov]$ walks to a l>ge m>ble-pav$ hall1 :]e ab\t =ty ,circassian slaves met !m1 & escort$ !m to a saloon fitt$ up ) divans1 at ! end ( :i* recl9$ ! pa*a's wives4 ,"o ( !m 0 s+ul>ly beautiful1 & exquisitely dress$ 9 p9k velvet & erm9e1 & priceless jewels4 ,ano!r v f9e figure 0 t ( ! "m1 a v5]able old pr9cess1 look+ exactly l a ,rembr&t j come out ( its frame4 ,great respect 0 paid to h]1 & :5 %e came 9 e "o rose4 ,! gue/s be+ seat$1 or r squatt$1 on ! divan1 ea* 0 suppli$ ) long pipes1 c(fee 9 exquisitely jewell$ cups1 & sweetmeats1 ! "o succe$+ ! o!r )\t int]mission ! :ole night4 ,! ,circassian slaves1 ) fold$ h&s & d[nca/ eyes1 /ood be=e _! mi/resses to supply _! wants4 ,"s ( !m 7 v pretty1 & dress$ ) great ri*ness & ta/e4 ,!n began a conc]t ( ,turki% in/rum5ts1 :i* s\nd$ unpleas+ to ,engli% e>s1 foll[$ by a dance1 :i* 0 graceful & pretty2 b ?is aga9 foll[$ by a play1 9 :i* half ! female slaves 7 dress$ up z m51 & ! co>s5ess ( :i* x is impossible to describe4 ,! wife ( ! =eign m9i/] k9dly act$ z int]pret] = ! ,engli% ladies1 & ?r\gh h] means "s k9d ( conv]sation 0 kept up4 ,b ! ignorance ( ! ladies 9 ! h>em is unbelievable4 ,!y c nei!r read nor write2 _! :ole day is employ$ 9 dress+1 ba?+1 eat+1 dr9k+1 & smok+4 #dbc ,be=e ! close ( ! ev5+1 ,pr9cess ,a----1 address+ h]self to ! "m ( ! p>ty1 ?r\gh h] int]pret]1 spoke v e>ne/ly & s]i\sly ab\t h] daught]s1 7!n twelve & f\rte5 ye>s ( age17 remon/rat+ ) h] on _! be+ /ill unm>ri$1 & add+3 ',next ,friday is ! mo/ auspici\s ( all days 9 ! ye> = betro?al4 ,i w h six ( ! h&some/ & /raighte/-eyebr[$ pa*as "h = y to *oose f4' ,9 va9 ! ,engli% lady refus$ ! int5d$ honor1 plead+ t 9 h] c\ntry m>riages 7 n contract$ at s e>ly an age1 to say no?+ ( c]ta9 diff]5ces ( race & ( fai?6 ,! pr9cess 0 n to be div]t$ f h] purpose1 & p]si/$ 9 arrang+ ! :ole ( ! ,friday's c]emonial4 ,let u hope t ! "y '/raight-eyebr[$ pa*as' f\nd "s o!r fair ladies1 to console !m = ! non-appe>ance ( _! wi%$-= ,engli% brides on ! appo9t$ day4 ,! soire la/$ till two o'clock 9 ! morn+1 :5 ! royalty )drew2 & ! ,engli% ladies return$ home1 feel+ ! :ole "t z if !y _h be5 see+ a play act$ f a sc5e 9 ! ,arabian ,nights1 s difficult 0 x to realize t su* a k9d ( exi/5ce 0 possible 9 ! pres5t c5tury4 ,! orig9al plan ( our travell]s 0 to proce$ f ,cairo across ! des]t1 b !y 7 aft]w>d oblig$ to *oose an easi] r\te on acc\nt ( ! sickness ( "o ( ! p>ty4 ,prep>ations = ! des]t j\rney1 h[ev]1 _h be5 made1 & !re is a pleasant description ( _! outfit3 ,at la/1 ?anks to ! k9dness ( an ,engli% g5tleman long resid5t 9 ,cairo1 ,mr4 ,a----1 five t5ts 7 got toge!r & pit*$1 on approval1 9 ! squ>e opposite ! hotel4 ,"o 0 a gorge\s affair1 sky-blue1 ) r$-&-:ite devices all ov] x1 look+ v l ! t5t ( a travell+ wild-bea/ %[4 ,b z x 0 ! only l>ge & roomy "o1 & 0 capable ( conta9+ ! f\r ladies & _! b$s & b$d+1 x 0 f9ally decid$ to keep x1 & to make x ! draw+-room by day1 res]v+ ! m mode/ ones = ! g5tlem5 ( ! p>ty1 z well z = ! s]vants & ! cook+ app>atus4 ,_! numb]s 7 s great1 ) ! 't5t-pit*]s' & ! o!r necess>y camp-foll[]s1 t our travell]s decid$ to disp5se ) *airs & tables--r to ! despair ( a rheumatic memb] ( ! company6--& to cont5t !mselves ) squatt+ on _! c>pets = _! meals 9 true ori5tal fa%ion1 & mak+ use ( ! two wick]-baskets 7:i* 7 to sl+ on ea* side ( ! mules1 & conta9$ ! "o dress = ,sunday all[$ to ea* lady7 = dress+ & wa%-h& /&s4 ,a cord fa/5$ across ! t5ts at night s]v$ z a hang+ w>drobe1 to prev5t _! gett+ wet on ! 7sometimes7 damp gr\nd2 "s t9 jugs & bas9s1 ) a sm>t] set 9 brass ( a beautiful %ape1 7call$ 9 ,cairo a 'ti%t' & 'ibreek1'7 toge!r ) a few 'n>geeleh' pipes = ! use ( _! gue/s on /ate occasions1 complet$ _! furni%+ arrangem5ts4 ,!y _h br\ght f _! boats a ',union ,jack1' s z to place !mselves "u ! protection ( _! c\ntry's flag1 & also an elaborate ',wyv]n1' ! fabrication ( :i*1 9 gorge\s gre51 ) a curly tail1 _h af=d$ !m great amusem5t 9 _! />t f\r mon?s be=e4 ,?is life 9 t5ts is a free & *>m+ way ( exi/5ce1 &1 except 9 wet wea!r1 0 "o ( unmix$ enjoym5t to ! :ole p>ty4 ,! "t sp5t by ! lead]s ( ! exp$ition 9 provid+ ^! necess>y articles 0 occupi$ by ! y\ng] ones 9 buy+ pres5ts 9 ! baza>s3 n[ /ruggl+ ?r\gh ! goldsmi?s' qu>t]1 7! n>r[e/ 9 all ,cairo17 :]e y buy y\r gold by ! c>at1 & !n h x manufactur$ be=e y\r eyes into :atev] =m y please2 n[ try+ on bright 'kaffirs' made ( ! pure ,mecca silk1 & g5]ally ( br[n & yell[ %ades1 ) ! 'akgal1' a k9d ( cord ( camel's-hair :i* b9ds !m r\nd ! head2 or else ! graceful burn\s1 ) _! beautifully bl5d$ colors & s(t camel's-hair texture2 or ! _m bright-color$ slipp]s2 or1 leav+ ! silk & /uff baza>1 ?read+ _! way ?r\gh ! /alls conta9+ :at we %\ld call 9 ,engl& 'curiosities1' & select+ ! beautiful little silv] filagree or enamel cups call$ 'z>fs1' :i* hold ! delicate1 t9y ,dresd5 ones )9--meant to conta9 t mo/ delici\s ( all dr9ks1 ! g5u9e ,ea/]n c(fee1 made )\t sug> or milk1 b z unlike ! horrible bev]age kn[n by t "n 9 ,engl& z c well be imag9$6 #dbd ,9 ! same /alls 7 to be f\nd beautiful ,turki% ros>ies1 ( jasp] & agate1 or sweet-sc5t$ woods1 ) long-%ap$ bottles ( att> ( roses1 enamell$ 'n>geelehs' & amb]-m\!d pipes1 & octagonal little tables made ( tortoise-%ell inlaid ) "m-(-pe>l4 ,"h is a good /ory ( ,egyptian law-c\rts3 ,a c]ta9 ,fr5* g5tleman entru/$ an ,engli%man ) #ij to buy a horse = him4 ,! ,engli%man1 accord+ly1 gave ! money to a native1 :om he consid]$ ?or\ghly tru/wor?y1 ) ord]s to g into ,arabia & !re pur*ase ! animal4 ,! ,arab1 h[ev]1 sp5t mo/ ( ! money 9 8 own devices1 & return$ to ,cairo1 aft] a few mon?s1 ) a wret*$ horse1 su* z w\ld appe> at a ,spani% bull-fight4 ,! ,engli%man1 imm5sely disgu/$1 return$ ! #ij1 to 8 ,fr5* fri5d1 simply say+ t he _h fail$ 9 execut+ 8 commission2 b he det]m9$ to try & recov] x f ! ,arab4 ,s he w5t & told ! :ole matt] to ! gov]nor ( ,cairo1 :o appo9t$ 8 deputy z judge4 ,:ile ! case 0 be+ tri$1 d9n]-"t came2 & ! judge1 ! prosecutor1 & ! prison]1 all sat d[n toge!r1 & d9$ 9 a fri5dly way4 ,no emb>rassm5t 0 caus$ !reby2 b aft] d9n]1 ! judge1 turn+ to ! prison]1 quietly said3 ',c y pay ! ,frank g5tleman ! money y owe him8' ,on receiv+ a simple reply 9 ! negative1 ! judge add$1 ',!n y _h bett] g (f at once to prison1 & delay ?is g5tleman no long]4' ,! ,arab w5t )\t a ^w1 & rema9$ 9 ?is mis]able place 7= ! prisons are infam\s7 = two mon?s1 aft] :i* 8 bro!r took 8 place = him4 ,f9ally ! money 0 paid by in/alm5ts4 ,) ! foll[+ beautiful description ( a ,good-,friday s]vice at ,j]usalem1 we comm5d ,lady ,h]b]t's book to ! favor ( our read]s3 ,x is a beautiful & solemn s]vice1 9 :i* ev5 ,prote/ants are se5 to jo9 ) unwont$ f]vor2 & on ?is special day x 0 cr[d$ to excess4 ,:5 x 0 ov]1 ! two fri5ds return$ to ! alt> ( ,/4 ,m>y ,magdal51 ! words & tones ( ! hymn /ill l+]+ 9 _! he>ts3 ',jesu6 dulce refugium1 ,spes una te qua]5tium4 ,p] ,magdal5ae m]itum ,peccati solve debitum4' ,to ^? :o are sorr[ful & despond+ at ! s5se ( _! own unwor?9ess & cont9ual %ortcom+s1 !re is a peculi> attraction & help 9 ! ?\ghts ( ?is sa9t1 ap>t f all ! re/4 ,! p]fections ( ! ,bless$ ,virg9 dazzle u by _! v brightness1 & make u1 z x 71 despair ( foll[+ h] example4 ,b 9 ! ,magdal5 we h ! picture ( "o :o1 l u1 0 tempt$ & s9n$ & fell1 & yet1 by ! m]cy ( ,god & ! =ce ( ! mighty love he put into h] he>t1 0 =giv5 & accept$ = ! sake ( t v love he _h infus$4 ,pres5tly ! ,engli% /rang] rose1 &1 approa*+ "o ( ! ,franciscan monks1 begg$ = ! b5$iction ( h] crucifix & o!r sacr$ objects1 accord+ to ! %ort =m 9 use at ! %r9e ( ! ,holy ,sepul*re2 a privilege k9dly & c\rte\sly grant$ to h]4 ,& n[ ! %ades ( ev5+ are d>k5+ ! aisles ( ! sacr$ build+1 & ! pilgrims are ga!r$ 9 a close & s]ri$ mass 9 ! ,*apel ( ,calv>y1 wait+ = ! c]emony :i* is to close ! solemn (fices ( t awful day4 ,by ! k9dness ( ! duke1 :o _h be5 _! companion 9 ! ,via ,crucis1 ! two ladies 7 sav$ f ! cr[d1 & conduct$ by a private /aircase f ! ,greek *apel to ! "r ( ! alt> ( ,calv>y4 ,! :ole is soon wrapp$ 9 pr(\nd d>kness1 save :]e ! light is ?r[n on a crucifix ! size ( life1 erect$ close to ! fatal spot4 ,y might h fanci$ y\rself alone b = ! l[ murmur & sway+ to & fro ( ! d5se cr[d kneel+ on ! floor ( ! *apel4 ,pres5tly a ,franciscan monk /epp$ =w>d1 &1 leav+ 8 bre?r5 pro/rate at ! foot ( ! alt>1 m\nt$ on a k9d ( e/rade at ! back1 & proce$$ to deta* ! figure ( our ,bless$ ,"l f ! cross4 ,z ea* nail 0 pa9fully & sl[ly drawn out1 he held x up1 exclaim+1 ',ecce1 dulces clavos6' expos+ x at ! same "t to ! view ( ! multitude1 :o1 brea?less & expectant1 seem$ rivet$ to ! spot1 ) _! upturn$ faces fix$ on ! symbol repres5t$ to !m4 ,! sup]natural & maje/ic /illness & sil5ce ( t great mass ( human be+s 0 "o ( ! mo/ /rik+ features ( ! :ole sc5e4 ,pres5tly a ladd] 0 br\ght1 & ! sacr$ figure lift$ d[n1 z 9 ,rub5s's fam\s picture ( ! ',deposition1' into ! arms ( ! monks at ! foot ( ! cross4 #dbe ,z ! la/ nail 0 deta*$1 & ! head fell =w>d z ( a dead body1 a l[ deep sob bur/ f ! v s\ls ( ! kneel+ cr[d4 ,t5d]ly & rev]5tly ! ,franciscan fa!rs wrapp$ x 9 f9e l951 & plac$ x 9 ! arms ( ! patri>*1 :o1 kneel+1 receiv$ x1 & c>ri$ x d[n to ! ,holy ,sepul*re1 ! procession *ant+ ! antiphon1 ',accep]unt ,joseph et ,nicodemus corpus ,jesu2 et ligav]unt illud l9teis cum aromatibus1 sicut mos e/ ,judaeis sepelire4' ,! cr[d foll[$ eag]ly1 yet rev]5tly1 ! body to its la/ re/+-place4 ,x is a repres5tation :i* might c]ta9ly be pa9ful if n conduct$ ?r\gh\t ) exce$+ c>e4 ,b done z x is at ,j]usalem1 x c b deep5 9 ! m9ds ( all behold]s ! feel+s ( int5se rev]5ce1 adoration1 & awe ) :i* !y draw ne> to ! sc5e ( ,*ri/'s suff]+s1 & enable !m m p]fectly to realize ! my/]y ( t t]rible ,passion :i* he bore = our sakes 9 8 own body on ! tree4 ,& ) ?is t\*+ c]emony ! day is ov]2 ! cr[d ( pilgrims disp]ses1 to meet on ! morr[ 9 ! same spot = ! m consol+ (fices ( ,ea/]-eve4 ,b 9 _m a he>t ! memory ( ?is day w nev] be effac$2 & w1 x is humbly hop$1 be> its life-long fruit 9 increas$ devotion to ! sacr$ humanity ( _! ,"l1 & 9 great] dete/ation ( ^? s9s :i* c\ld only be cancell$ by s trem5d\s an atonem5t4 ------ ,! ,bird4 ,by ,jules ,mi*elet4 ,) #baj illu/rations by ,giacomelli4 ,new ,york3 ,t4 ,nelson ,sons4 #ahfh4 ,x is n (t5 t nature f9ds s *>m+ an int]pret] z ,mi*elet4 ,he ?r[s ar\nd u ! v p]fume ( ! fl[]s2 & 8 birds n only s+1 b s+ to u1 speak to u1 & become our de>e/ fri5ds4 ,read+1 we =get ! close walls ( ! city1 ! we>y noise1 ! heavy air ( ov]cr[d$ human life2 we foll[ ! birds 9 _! flight1 dr9k 9 _! _s ( lib]ty1 joy1 t5d]ness1 & love1 till1 ) ,mi*elet1 we almo/ give !m a p]sonality1 a s\l4 ,x is difficult to cull f a b$ ( *oice fl[]s a s+le specim51 = "o w appeal to u ?r\gh its beauty ( =m1 ano!r ( color1 ano!r by its delicacy & fragrance2 s "h1 :]e e page is *>m+1 we "k n h[ to *oose betwe5 ! gr&eur & magnific5ce ( ! tropical =e/s1 or ! /]n & sil5t melan*oly ( ! pol> regions1 or ! m home-l *>m ( sc5es t we "k4 ,! la/1 p]haps1 _c fail to please4 ,"h is 8 description ( an autumnal migration3 ,bright 0 ! morn+ sky1 b ! w9d blew f ,la ,v5de4 ,my p9es bewail$ _! fate1 & f my afflict$ c$> issu$ a l[1 deep voice ( m\rn+4 ,! gr\nd 0 /rewn ) fruit1 :i* we all set to "w to ga!r4 ,gradually ! wea!r grew cl\dy1 ! sky assum$ a dull lead5 gray1 ! w9d sank1 all 0 dea?-l4 ,x 0 !n1 at ab\t f\r o'clock1 t simultane\sly arriv$1 f all po9ts1 f ! wood1 f ! ,erdre1 f ! city1 f ! ,loire1 f ! ,svre1 inf9ite legions1 d>k5+ ! day1 :i* settl$ on ! *ur* ro(1 ) a myriad voices1 a myriad cries1 debates1 discussions4 ,?\gh1 ignorant ( _! language1 x 0 n difficult = u to p]ceive t !y diff]$ among !mselves4 ,x may be t ! y\nge/1 beguil$ by ! w>m brea? ( autumn1 w\ld fa9 h l+]$ long]4 ,b ! wis] & m exp]i5c$ travell]s insi/$ ^u dep>ture4 ,!y prevail$2 ! black masses1 mov+ all at once l a huge cl\d1 w+$ _! flight t[>d ! s\?-ea/1 probably t[>d ,italy4 ,!y _h sc>cely accompli%$ ?ree hundr$ leagues 7f\r or five h\rs' flight7 be=e all ! cat>acts ( heav5 7 let loose to deluge ! e>?2 = a mom5t we ?\ght x 0 a flood4 ,%elt]$ 9 our h\se1 :i* %ook ) ! furi\s bla/1 we admir$ ! wisdom ( ! w+$ soo?say]s1 :i* _h s prud5tly anticipat$ ! annual epo* ( migration4 ,?is book 0 to ! au?or a sort ( oasis2 x 0 und]tak5 or r grew up 9 ! int]val ( a re/ f hi/orical labors2 x 0 = him a refre%m5t1 a re/2 & su* x c\ld n fail to prove to any "o ( u 9 ! mid/ ( ! we>y c>es ( e-day life4 ,un=tunately1 ,mi*elet has n int]pret$ hi/ory s successfully z he has nature1 & ! results ( 8 labor are f> less praisewor?y ?an ! results ( 8 recreation4 #dbf ,! ,bird is mo/ beautifully illu/rat$ by ,giacomelli1 ,dor's collaborateur on 8 celebrat$ ,bible4 ------ ,tablets4 ,by ,a4 ,bronson ,alcott4 ,bo/on3 ,rob]ts ,bro!rs4 #ahfh4 ,no "o :o has ev] enjoy$ ! pleasure ( an int]view ) ! ,orphic ,alcott1 & felt ! *>m :i* 8 r>e conv]sational p[]s ?r[ ar\nd e subject to :i* !y are direct$1 c fail to f9d a r5ewal ( t pleasure :ile p]us+ ! g5ial volume :i* has j emanat$ f 8 too infrequ5t p54 ,elegant 9 its ext]nal g>niture1 x br+s ^u its pages ! fa9t odor ( ! roses t bloom on ! broad ,concord lawns1 ! ru/le ( ! leaves t %elt] ! seclud$ nook 9 :i* ! writ] f9ds ! leisure & ! peace ( age1 ! cool air t floats across cle> ,wald5-wat]1 fill+ bo? libr>y & /udio ) its brac+ brea?2 s giv+ to ! read]1 famili> ) ! sc5es amid :i* ^! ,tablets 7 inscrib$1 a d\ble satisfaction 9 ! ?\ghts :i* !y sugge/ & 9 ! memories :i* !y revive4 ,! book itself consi/s ( two s]ies ( essays3 ! fir/1 ,practical2 ! second1 ,speculative4 ,! =m] w mo/ int]e/ ! ord9>y read]4 ,! latt] w be appreciat$ by few :o are n o!rwise in/ruct$ 9 ! peculi> views ( _! au?or4 ,! ,practical essays are entitl$ ,! ,g>d51 ,recreation1 ,fell[%ip1 ,fri5d%ip1 ,culture1 ,books1 ,c\nsels1 & ea* is subdivid$ into diff]5t heads4 ,hackney$ z sev]al ( ^! subjects appe> to be1 ! read] w exp]i5ce no s5se ( we>9ess :ile foll[+ ,mr4 ,alcott ov] !m4 ,7 n 8 ideas orig9al1 ! me?od ( ! man w\ld be alone suffici5t to give an int]e/ ( no common ord] to 8 well-weigh$ words4 ,_m ( 8 aphorisms are l apples ( gold 9 pictures ( silv]2 & "s des]ve to become h\sehold tru?s ) all ?\ghtful m54 ,su* is 8 v]dict ^u political p>tisan%ip on page #adh2 8 /rong1 c\rage\s plea = individuality on page #ade2 & 8 high view ( education on pages #ajc et seq4 ,f ^! & v>i\s o!r passages1 :i* space alone =bids u to di/+ui%1 we may say t1 if a man's spee* is ! measure ( 8 culture1 !re are few m5 into ^: sph]e "o c be br\ght ^: k9dl9ess & c\rtesy1 ^: fl[+ spirits & sprightly wit1 c m captivate & *>m ?an ! gray-hair$ /ud5t :o sits 9 ! arbors1 groves1 & g>d5s1 & day by day treasures up on ! tablets ( 8 di>y ! *oice ?+s ( mank9d1 & illu/rates !m ) *oice memories ( 8 own4 ,at ?is p]iod ( ,mr4 ,alcott's life1 we anticipat$1 9 read+ 8 ,tablets1 :i* speak s *>m+ly ( ?is _w1 f9d+ "s light %$ on ! _w to come4 ,x makes u sad to ?9k we f\nd no?+4 ------ ,a ,new ,practical ,hebrew ,gramm>1 ,) ,hebrew-,engli% ,& ,engli%-,hebrew ,ex]cises1 ,& ,hebrew ,*re/oma?y4 ,by ,solomon ,deuts*1 ,a4,m41 ,ph4,d4 ,new ,york3 ,leypoldt ,holt4 #ahfh4 ,text-books %\ld be valu$ accord+ to ! p]fection ( ! me?od adopt$1 & ! precision & arrangem5t ( details1 r ?an on acc\nt ( abundance ( matt] or exhau/ive explanations4 ,books :i* conta9 copi\s treatises are useful1 & ev5 necess>y1 = ! ma/]1 b injuri\s to ! advancem5t ( ! pupil4 ,! au?or ( ! s*ool-book %\ld aim at arrang+ ! elem5ts 9 ! dep>tm5t 9 :i* he writes s t ! s*ol> may1 ) ! lea/ tr\ble1 acquire a k ( ! rules1 pr9ciples1 & lead+ features ( ! subject4 ,/ud5ts %\ld n be expect$ to le>n ev]y?+ 9 s*ool4 ,! pr(essor :o aims at imp>t+ a complete k1 or all he may "k on a subject1 w confuse 8 /ud5ts1 be f\nd too exact+1 & w be f9ally puni%$ by disappo9tm5t4 ,s*ool ex]cise 0 v appropriately call$ discipl9a by ! ,romans1 a t]m :i* impli$ r a tra9+ 9 ! mann] 9 :i* ! v>i\s bran*es %\ld be /udi$1 ?an ! atta9m5t ( _! ma/]y4 #dbg ,mr4 ,deuts*'s ,hebrew c\rse1 accord+ to ! pr9ciples j enunciat$1 is beyond d\bt ! be/ s*oolbook ( its k9d t has appe>$ f ! ,am]ican press4 ,rdig]'s revision ( ,ges5ius's ,gramm>1 translat$ f ! ,g]man by ,conant1 is mu* too ext5sive = beg9n]s1 & 0 nev] int5d$ by its em95t au?or to fall into ! h&s ( ! un9itiat$4 ,yet x is commonly us$ 9 ! colleges & sem9>ies ( ?is c\ntry z an introductory treatise4 ,! same objection %\ld be urg$1 9 union ) o!rs1 aga9/ ,gre5's ,gramm>2 :ile 8 *re/oma?y is m ( an exegetical ?an a grammatical treatise4 ,! /ud5t is frequ5tly t]rifi$ f ! /udy by ! va/ array ( p>ticul>s1 & he :o has c\rage to p]sev]e mu/ le>n to %ut 8 eyes to ! great] portion ( ^! works1 9 ord] to cle>ly disc]n t :i* is truly valuable 9 !m4 ,mr4 ,deuts* has succe$$1 to a consid]able ext5t1 9 giv+ a concise & lucid exposition ( ! elem5ts ( ! ,hebrew language1 b has greatly dim9i%$1 if n de/roy$1 ! usefulness ( 8 gramm> z a class-book by introduc+ 8 elaborate sy/em ( ,hebrew-,engli% & ,engli%-,hebrew ex]cises4 ,^! ex]cises1 :i* compose ! great] portion ( 8 "w1 w be f\nd to be m]ely cumb]some mat]ial1 :i* w prev5t its adoption 9 ! s*ools4 ,liv+ languages1 or su* z are p>tially s1 might be1 p]haps %\ld be1 le>n$ by acquir+ a facility ( r5d]+ ! phrases ( "o's "m tongue into ^? ( ! language he is endeavor+ to acquire2 b x is n easy to und]/& h[ su* a read9ess c be1 or ne$ be1 acquir$ 9 ,hebrew1 :i* is n[h]e spok51 & liv+ 9 no =m if n 9 its deg5]ate (fspr+1 ! rabb9ic ( ! ,portuguese1 ,g]man1 or ,poli% ,jews4 ,^? :o are look+ = a concise & lucid exposition ( ! elem5ts ( ,hebrew w n be pleas$ ) ,mr4 ,deuts*'s repetition ( ! n9e decl5sions ( n\ns1 z giv5 by ,ges5ius4 ,?is con/itutes an additional encumbrance to ! "w1 n unlike t :i* w\ld arise 9 a ,lat9 gramm> f an attempt to =m a new decl5sion f ea* ( ! v>i\s inflections embrac$ 9 ! ?ird4 ,a ,hebrew c\rse = ,ca?olic s*ools has be5 suppli$1 z to ! m important "p1 & ! portion requir+ ! great] am\nt ( labor1 by ,paul ,l4 ,b4 ,dra*1 9 8 ,ca?olicum ,lexicon ,hebraicum et ,*aldaicum4 ,mr4 ,dra* _h be5 a ,jewi% rabbi 9 ,p>is be=e 8 conv]sion to ! ,*ur*1 & z he 0 an em95t ori5tal s*ol>1 ! la/ ,pontiff1 ,gregory ,,xvi41 reque/$ him to publi% a ,hebrew lexicon = ! use ( ,ca?olic s*ools4 ,8 "w result$ 9 a correct$ & enl>g$ edition ( ,ges5ius' ,lexicon1 f :i* all ,jewi% & rationali/ic errors 7 exclud$4 ,x receiv$ ! special approbation ( ,pius ,,ix4 9 #ahdg1 & 0 publi%$ by ! greate/ promot] ( ecclesia/ical lit]ature 9 ?is c5tury1 ,abb ,mign4 ,?is is und\bt$ly ! be/ "w ( its k9d1 & its complem5t1 consi/+ ( a gramm> & *re/oma?y1 is all t is want+ to con/itute a c\rse ( ,hebrew = ! ,ca?olic s*ools ( ?is c\ntry4 ------ ,! ,new ,adam2 or1 ,t5 ,dialogues on our ,r$emption & ! ,necessity ( ,self-,d5ial4 ,edit$ by ! ,v ,rev4 ,z4 ,druon1 ,v4,g41 & approv$ by ! ,"r ,rev4 ,bi%op ( ,burl+ton4 ,cl>emont1 ,n4 ,h4 #ahfh4 ,?is little book 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 ,p>is1 ,a4,d4 #affb4 ,f a second & m complete edition1 ! pres5t translation 0 prep>$ & edit$4 ,! subjects ( ! ,t5 ,dialogues are z foll[s3 ,i4 ,! ,/ate ( ,orig9al ,righte\sness4 ,,ii4 ,adam's ,fall4 ,,iii4 ,! ,p5ance ( ,adam & ,eve aft] _! ,fall4 ,,iv4 ,! ,/ate ( ,p5ance we are 9 is pref]able1 9 "s respects1 to ! e>?ly ,p>adise4 ,v4 ,! ,inf9ite ,p]fection ) :i* ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! new ,adam1 p]=m$ ! p5ance impos$ on ! old ,adam4 ,,vi4 ,self-,d5ial4 ,,vii4 ,obligation ( ,self-,d5ial4 ,,viii4 ,imitation ( ! ,self-,d5ial ( ,*ri/4 ,,ix4 ,scriptural texts conc]n+ ,self-,d5ial4 ,x4 ,! ,self-,d5ial ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,f ?is view ( its cont5ts1 & ! cursory glance we h be5 able to be/[ ^u its pages1 we believe x to be1 z its editor claims1 well gr\nd$ on ! ,holy ,scriptures1 s\nd 9 doctr9e1 rem>kable = its cle>ness & dep? ( ?\ght1 full ( pi\s & practical reflections1 in/ructive1 &1 at ! same "t1 int]e/+ & pleas+4 ------ #dbh ,! ,life ,( ,/4 ,?omas ,becket1 ( ,cant]bury4 ,by ,mrs4 ,hope1 au?or ( ,! ,e>ly ,m>tyrs1 etc4 ,) a ,preface1 by ! ,rev4 ,fa!r ,dalgairns1 ( ! ,london ,oratory ( ,/4 ,philip ,n]i4 #afmo1 pp4 xxiv41 #cih4 ,london3 ,burns1 ,gates ,co4 ,new ,york3 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society4 ,v5]ation = ! memory ( ,/4 ,?omas1 ( ,cant]bury1 has und]gone rec5tly a rem>kable revival 9 ,engl&1 & ?is m]itori\s compilation by ,mrs4 ,hope is "o ( ! fruits ( x4 ,%e has drawn mo/ ( h] mat]ials f ! m elaborate biographies by ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,giles & ! ,rev4 ,john ,morris1 & f ! ,rema9s ( ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,h4 ,fr\de1 &1 ( c\rse makes no pret5sion to ! rank ( an orig9al inve/igator2 b %e has done a v s]viceable "w nev]!less1 &1 ^u ! :ole1 has done x well4 ,h] n>rative is int]e/+ & rapid4 ,! /yle possesses ! m]it--r>e ) female writ]s on religi\s subjects--( directness & simplicity2 ! /ory be+ un5cumb]$ by ei!r ambiti\s rhetoric or commonplace reflections4 ,f ?is reason1 z well z f ! c>e ) :i* %e seems to h /udi$ ! subject1 ! book n only gives u an insight into ! sa9t's p]sonal "*1 b leaves on ! read]'s m9d a v cle> compreh5sion ( ! nature ( t long /ruggle = ! rights ( ! ,*ur* & = ! indep5d5ce ( ! spiritual ord] :i* result$ 9 8 m>tyrdom1 & :i* mod]n hi/orians h done s mu* to obscure4 ,mrs4 ,hope is r too fond ( tell+ dreams1 :i* %e app>5tly half-believes & half does n believe to h be5 prophetic inspirations1 al?\gh mo/ ( !m 7 l ! answ]s ( ! pagan oracles--susceptible ( almo/ any int]pretation1 & only to be und]/ood 9 ! light ( aft]-ev5ts2 b t is a habit :i* %e borr[$ ( ! m$iaeval *ronicl]s1 & %e %>es x ) a v l>ge class ( mod]n biograph]s4 ,( c\rse1 ,god may speak to man 9 a dream z well z 9 o!r ways2 b :5 ! dreams are cle>ly ref]able to di/9ct physical causes1 z "s ( ^? record$ 9 ?is book are1 :51 9 fact1 !y are j l ord9>y nightm>es1 ! attempt to elevate !m to ! dignity ( sup]natural visions is m pi\s ?an prud5t4 ,! preface1 by ,fa!r ,dalgairns1 comprises a v effective answ] to "s ( ! misrepres5tations 9 ,dean ,/anley's life ( ! sa9t1 conta9$ 9 ! ,memorials ( ,cant]bury4 ------ ,v]mont ,hi/orical ,gazette]3 ,a ,magaz9e embrac+ a dige/ ( ! ,hi/ory ( ea* t[n1 civil1 educational1 religi\s1 geological1 & lit]>y4 ,edit$ by ,abby ,m>ia ,hem5way1 compil] ( ,! ,poets & ,poetry ( ,v]mont4 ,burl+ton1 ,vt4 #ahfj-ahfh4 ,we h receiv$ ! fir/ elev5 numb]s ( ?is magaz9e4 ,! au?oress has evid5tly endeavor$ to produce a fir/-class "w ( its k9d1 & has1 to a great ext5t1 succe$$4 ,x is to be regrett$1 h[ev]1 t "s ( ! numb]s are pr9t$ on inf]ior pap]1 a s]i\s fault 9 a "w ( s mu* local int]e/ & s p]man5t a "*4 ,miss ,hem5way does n cont5t h]self ) ! hi/orical & topographical1 z is usual ) ! au?ors :o produce mo/ ( our local annals4 ,biography & lit]ature =m a l>ge portion ( h] "w4 ,art also l5ds its *>m1 & adorns h] pages ) portraits ( di/+ui%$ m5 & repres5tations ( memorable sc5es4 ,to u ! "w seems almo/ exhau/ive4 ,! ,gre5 ,m\nta9 ,/ate has reason to congratulate itself on s labori\s & p]sev]+ a hi/orian1 & its sons %\ld c]ta9ly rew>d h] toil ) ! mo/ prompt & lib]al pecuni>y recognition4 ------ #dbi ,grop+s ,aft] ,tru?4 ,a ,life ,j\rney f ,new ,engl& ,congregationalism to ! ,"o ,ca?olic & ,apo/olic ,*ur*4 ,by ,jo%ua ,hunt+ton4 ,new ,york3 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society4 #ahfh4 ,?is little "w1 :i* has be5 "s weeks be=e ! public 9 pamphlet =m & already promises to %$ light 9 _m d>k places 9 ! he>ts ( c&id seek]s aft] tru?1 has at la/ be5 issu$ 9 a p]man5t & elegant edition4 ,x is ) great pleasure t we comm5d x to our read]s1 n only = _! own p]usal1 b = di/ribution among _! non-,ca?olic acqua9tances & fri5ds4 ,z ! ,rev]5d ,fa!r ,hewit says 9 8 preface1 ! impulse t[>d a new & m vigor\s life w be quick5$ & direct$ 9 _m s\ls by ! pres5t volume2 & we believe t few ^: e>li] religi\s life 0 simil> to t ( ,mr4 ,hunt+ton c read ! book )\t misgiv+s = !mselves1 & a long+ to discov]1 by "s means1 t peace & light :i* ! au?or deems himself to h atta9$4 ,t ,god w make kn[n ?is tru? & be/[ ?is peace to !m & to all o!rs is1 z x %\ld be1 ! *ief object ( our labors & our pray]s4 ------ ,an ,outl9e ,( ,geography ,= ,high ,s*ools ,& ,families4 ,) an ,atlas4 ,by ,!odore ,s4 ,fay4 ,new ,york3 ,g4 ,p4 ,putnam ,son4 #ahfg4 ,we are incl9$ to reg>d ?is "w z a v valuable aid to ! /udy ( its subject1 :i* is treat$ m sci5tifically 9 x ?an 9 any o!r equally elem5t>y book :i* we h se54 ,! plan is decid$ly orig9al1 & evid5tly is ! result ( c>eful ?\ght1 aid$ app>5tly by exp]i5ce4 ,prom95ce is giv5 9 x to ! a/ronomical & physical aspects ( ! e>?4 ,! political division1 :i* f its artificial & mutable "* is an ob/acle to a cle> view ( geography 9 its unity1 is kept 9 ! backgr\nd1 b is by no means neglect$4 ,a map %[+ ! *anges produc$ by ! w> ( #ahff may be specially m5tion$ 9 ?is connection4 ,! a/ronomical "p is v full1 & 9 ! ma9 correct2 !re are1 h[ev]1 a few inaccuracies1 z 9 ! "t occupi$ by light 9 com+ f ,neptune1 & 9 ! /atem5t t ! sun c\ld h>dly be di/+ui%$ 9 brightness f a fix$ /> by an obs]v] on t planet4 ,b ^! are small matt]s4 ,! explanations 9 ?is "p are cle> & int]e/+1 & ! retic5ce ( ! au?or on po9ts beyond ! scope he has propos$ to himself is specially comm5dable4 ,to satisfy ! /ud5t )\t mislead+ or puzzl+ him is an admirable tal5t4 ,we d\bt ! propriety ( ! items ( hi/orical in=mation occasionally introduc$2 !y seem unnecess>y1 & spoil ! unity ( ! "w4 ,consid]+ ! /r5g? ( memory g5]ally possess$ 9 y\?1 ! advantage claim$ by ! au?or t 8 me?od makes no direct dem& ^u ?is faculty seems d\btful2 b1 z he /ates 9 ! preface1 ! "w mu/ be us$ to be judg$2 & ! lessons c be memoriz$ if desir$4 ,we mu/ prote/ aga9/ ! use ( small initial lett]s 9 ! national adjectives2 z briti%1 fr5*1 etc4 ,! maps des]ve ! highe/ praise = _! conception & execution4 ------ ,asmodeus ,9 ,new ,york4 ,new ,york3 ,long*amp ,co4 #ahfh4 ,?is "w appe>$ la/ ye> 9 ,p>is1 & is n[ translat$ & publi%$ 9 ?is c\ntry by ! au?or4 ,x pret5ds to give an inside view ( ,am]ican society1 & to d ?is ! au?or picks out all t is bad1 vici\s1 & immoral 9 ?is c\ntry1 ,nor? & ,s\?1 & calls ?is conglom]ation ,am]ican ,society4 ,he1 h[ev]1 %\ld h told 8 read]s t ! fir/ specim5 ( ,am]ican ,society he pres5t$ !m 0 t ( "o ( 8 own c\ntrywom56 ,we ne$ h>dly say t mo/ ( ! o!r *>act]s 9 ! book are z good samples ( ,am]ican society z ^? giv5 9 ! fir/ *apt]4 ------ #dcj ,! ,holy ,communion3 ,its ,philosophy1 ,!ology1 & ,practice4 ,by ,john ,b]n>d ,dalgairns1 ,prie/ ( ! ,oratory ( ,/4 ,philip ,n]i4 #a vol4 #abmo1 pp4 #ddj4 ,new ,york3 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society4 #ahfh4 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society has j issu$ an ,am]ican edition ( ?is "w1 :i* has be5 = a long "t mu* s\ght aft] 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,we take occasion to recomm5d x z "o ( ! v be/ works on its augu/ !me 9 ! ,engli% language4 ,! mo/ rem>kable & orig9al portion ( ! "w is t :i* treats ( ! philosophy ( transub/antiation4 ,! au?or has h&l$ ?is difficult & ab/ruse matt] ) ma/]ly ability1 expla9+ ! doctr9e ( v>i\s philosophical s*ools respect+ sub/ance & accid5ts ) cle>ness & precision1 & has furni%$ mo/ satisfactory answ]s to rational objections aga9/ ! ,ca?olic dogma4 ,bo? ,ca?olics & ^? :o are inve/igat+ ,ca?olic doctr9e w f9d ?is volume "o ( great int]e/ & utility4 ------ ,! ,roman ,m>tyrology4 ,translat$ into ,engli%1 ) an introduction by ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,baltimore4 ,baltimore3 ,kelly1 ,piet ,co4 #ahfh4 ,"o ( ! mo/ beautifully execut$ books :i* has be5 issu$ by ! ,ca?olic press 9 ?is c\ntry1 pr9t$ 9 ! rituali/ic /yle1 ) r$ m>g9al l9es & r$ edges4 ,! publication ( books ( devotion :i* are /&>d & h ! sanction ( ! ,roman ,*ur* _c be too mu* enc\rag$1 & we cordially congratulate ! ent]pris+ publi%]s :o h add$ ?is gem to our collection4 ------ ,sydnie ,adriance2 or1 ,try+ ! ,_w4 ,by ,am&a ,m4 ,d\glas1 au?or ( ,9 ,tru/1 ,/eph5 ,dane1 ,claudia1 etc4 ,bo/on3 ,lee ,%ep>d4 ,pp4 #cee4 #ahfi4 ,^? :o read novels1 & _! "n is ,legion1 w f9d ?is--! late/ production ( ,miss ,d\glas's p5--n[ise inf]ior to its pr$ecessors4 ,:ile avoid+ ! s5sational *>act]s & incid5ts1 h] language is always pleas+ & unaffect$4 ------ ,! ,life ,& ,times ,( ,rob]t ,emmet4 ,by ,r4 ,r4 ,madd51 ,m4,d41 ,m4,r4,i4 ,a4 ,) num]\s ,notes & ,additions1 & a ,portrait on ,/eel4 ,also1 ,a ,memoir ,( ,?omas ,addis ,emmet1 ) a ,portrait on ,/eel4 ,new ,york2 ,p4 ,m4 ,hav]ty4 ,pp4 #cbh4 #ahfh4 ,few1 if any1 ( ! ,iri% patriots ( mod]n days h a /rong] hold on ! affection ( ! p ?an ,rob]t ,emmet4 ,p]haps1 ) ! exception ( ,"l ,edw>d ,fitzg]ald1 we might h writt5 none o!r4 ,8 deep love ( c\ntry1 8 abid+ tru/ 9 h] future1 8 d>+ b futile attempt to accompli% h] lib]ation1 8 dea? ^u ! scaffold1 ^! 7 81 9 common ) _m o!rs1 :o are rememb]$ b ) gratitude1 n1 l him1 treasur$ 9 ! popul> he>t4 ,l our own immortal ,wa%+ton--! man is lov$1 ! patriot rev]$4 ,?is hi/ory ( 8 life & times %\ld f9d read]s :]ev] a fri5d to lib]ty dwells2 b = u1 ?is volume has a special int]e/1 conta9+1 z x does1 a ,memoir ( ,?omas ,addis ,emmet1 ! la/ tw5ty-?ree ye>s ( ^: life 7 sp5t 9 ?is city1 & ^: monum5t may be said to =m "o ( ! sights ( ! metropolis4 ,! volume is v neatly got up2 ! /eel portraits excell5t1 bo? z lik5esses & works ( art4 ------ #dca ,memoirs ,( ,! ,life ,( ,! ,"r ,hon4 ,ri*>d ,br9sley ,%]idan4 ,by ,?omas ,moore4 ,new ,york3 ,w4 ,j4 ,widdleton4 #b vols4 pp4 #cjg1 #cce4 ,moore's ,life ( ,%]idan has long s9ce pass$ beyond ! prov9ce ( ! critic4 ,we w1 !re=e1 m]ely call att5tion to ! pres5t edition z be+ v h&somely got up2 conta9+1 also1 a v f9e portrait ( ,%]idan1 aft] ! orig9al pa9t+ by ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,we ought1 p]haps1 9 ?is connection1 to aw>d a me$ ( praise to ! ent]pris+ publi%] = plac+ )9 rea* ( all1 books su* z ?is1 :i*1 z ( /&>d excell5ce1 %\ld be1 b 7 n1 ( easy access4 ------ ,! ,poetical ,works ,( ,?omas ,moore4 ,brooklyn & ,new ,york3 ,william ,m4 ,swayne4 ,pp4 #dif4 ,moore's complete works = fifty c5ts6 ,truly1 a m>vel ( *eapness4 ,! typography--some?+ unusual 9 *eap books--is v good4 ------ ,m>ks's ,fir/ ,lessons ,9 ,geometry1 objectively pres5t$ & design$ = ! ,use ( ,prim>y ,classes 9 ,gramm> ,s*ools1 ,academies1 etc4 ,by ,b]nh>d ,m>ks1 ,pr9cipal ( ,l9coln ,s*ool1 ,san ,francisco4 ,new ,york3 ,ivison1 ,ph9ney1 ,blakeman ,co4 ,pp4 #aeg4 #ahfi4 ,we c unhesitat+ly recomm5d ?is little "w4 ,we h (t5 felt ! ne$ ( j su* a text-book z ?is1 & h no d\bt its appe>ance w be hail$ ) equal pleasure by bo? tea*]s & pupils4 ,! /yle 9 :i* x is got up reflects ! highe/ cr$it on ! publi%]s4 ------ ,a ,?\s& ,miles' ,walk ,across ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,by ,na?aniel ,h4 ,bi%op4 ,bo/on3 ,lee ,%ep>d4 ,pp4 #caj4 #ahfi4 ,a j\rney on foot ( m ?an a ?\s& miles across ! ,s\? ,am]ican cont95t1 f ,montevideo to ,valp>aiso1 c\ld n b furni% to an inquir+ m9d & an adv5tur\s _s abundant mat]ial = int]e/+ detail & />tl+ incid5ts1 & ( ^! !re is c]ta9ly no sc>city 9 ! pres5t volume4 ,!re are "s portions1 h[ev]1 op5 to objection1 :]e allusion is made to ! religion ( ! p1 less1 inde$1 x mu/ be confess$1 ?an we almo/1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 expect f ,prote/ant t\ri/s 9 ,ca?olic c\ntries2 & "s attempt$ c>icatur+ ( ! ,iri% resid5ts1 :i* might be deem$ insult+ if !y 7 n s v pu]ile4 ,^! except$1 x is a book bo? useful & ent]ta9+4 ------ ,! ,trott+ ,horse ,( ,am]ica-- ,h[ ,to ,tra9 ,& ,drive ,him4 ,) ,rem9isc5ces ,( ,! ,trott+ ,turf4 ,by ,hiram ,woodruff4 ,edit$ by ,*>les ,j4 ,fo/]1 ( ,wilkes's ,_s ( ! ,times4 ,includ+ an ,introductory ,notice by ,george ,wilkes1 & a ,biographical ,sket* by ! ,editor4 ,new ,york3 ,j4 ,b4 ,=d ,co4 ,pp4 #dab4 #ahfh4 ,! pap]s compris+ ?is "w 7 orig9ally publi%$ 9 ,wilkes's ,_s ( ! ,times1 & are a record ( ! au?or's =ty ye>s' exp]i5ce 9 tra9+ & driv+4 ,:ile especially int5d$ = ^? :o are int]e/$ 9 ! bre$+1 tra9+1 etc41 ( horses1 !re is abundance ( matt] likely to prove attractive to ! g5]al read]2 biographies1 s to speak1 ( fam\s trott]s1 ^: names are famili> z h\sehold words2 & graphic descriptions ( ! v>i\s mat*es 9 :i* !y 7 engag$4 ,9 fact1 x is "o ( ^? r>e books :i*1 :ile got up = a special purpose1 & seem+ly suit$ to ! few1 ov]leaps ! n>r[ limits app>5tly prescrib$1 & attracts to itself ! favorable notice ( ! entire community4 ,x makes a v h&some volume1 is neatly b\nd1 well pr9t$1 & illu/rat$ ) a f9e /eel portrait ( ! au?or4 ------ #dcb ,synodus ,dioecesana ,baltimor5sis ,septima1 etc4 ,joannes ,murphy1 ,baltimore4 #ahfh4 ,! con/itutions adopt$ at ! above ,synod ( ,septemb] #c;d1 #ahfh1 73 #a4 ,( ! ,publication ( ! ,decrees ( ! ,pl5>y ,c\ncil ( ,baltimore4 #b4 ,( ! ,(fic]s ( ! ,ar*bi%opric & ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,dioceses4 #c4 ,( ! ,pa/oral ,c>e ( ,s\ls4 #d4 ,( ! ,sacram5ts4 #e4 ,( ,div9e ,wor%ip4 #f4 ,( ,discipl9e4 ------ ,! ,two ,wom54 ,a ,ballad1 writt5 expressly = ! ladies ( ,wiscons94 ,by ,delta4 ,milwaukee4 #ahfh4 ,a poem 9 five p>ts1 celebrat+ ! creation ( ,eve & ! mo!rhood ( ,m>y4 ------ ,m4 ,duruy's ,hi/ory ,( ,france4 ,sev]al e/eem$ correspond5ts h writt5 to ! editor ( ?is magaz9e express+ regret at ! comm5datory notice ( ! above "w1 :i* appe>$ 9 our columns4 ,our judgm5t & sympa?y are entirely ) ,mgr4 ,dupanl\p 9 8 conte/ aga9/ ,m4 ,duruy respect+ religi\s education4 ,?is does n1 h[ev]1 affect ! "q ( ! value ( 8 book z a secul> classic & a manual ( political & civil hi/ory4 ,9 respect to ! ecclesia/ical portion ( ! hi/ory1 x is v true t ! "w is defici5t2 nev]!less1 x is f> sup]ior to ! ,engli% hi/orical works :i* our read]s1 :e!r ,prote/ant or ,ca?olic1 are likely to be famili> )2 & we ?9k t1 9 spite ( ! au?or's lib]ali/ic bias1 ! g5]al tone & effect ( ! "w ju/ifies our recomm5dation4 ,if any ( our correspond5ts w s5d u a hi/ory ( ,france equal to ?is 9 o!r respects1 & at ! same "t p]fectly ,ca?olic 9 its _s1 we w gladly recomm5d x 9 pref]5ce4 ,we w add1 h[ev]1 t x is n = sale at ! ,ca?olic ,publication ,h\se4 ------ ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society w publi% ,! ,illu/rat$ ,ca?olic ,family ,almanac on ,novemb] #be?4 ,x w be sold = #be c5ts a copy4 ,! same ,society w issue1 on ,decemb] #a/1 ,! ,new ,illu/rat$ ,hi/ory ( ,irel&4 ------ ,mr4 ,donahoe1 ,bo/on1 has j publi%$ ,v]ses on ,v>i\s ,occasions1 by ,john ,h5ry ,newman1 ,d4,d4 ------ ,books ,receiv$4 ,f ,d4 ,,appleton ,co41 ,new ,york3 ,m5tal ,sci5ce2 a ,comp5dium ( ,psy*ology1 & ! ,hi/ory ( ,philosophy4 ,design$ z a text-book = ,high-,s*ools & ,colleges4 ,by ,alex&] ,ba91 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor ( ,logic & ,m5tal ,philosophy 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ab]de51 au?or ( ,! ,s5ses & ! ,intellect1 ,! ,emotions ( ! ,w1 etc4 etc4 ,pp4 #dbh2 ,app5dix1 #ii4 #ahfh4 ------ ,f ,,*>les ,,scribn] ,co41 ,new ,york3 ,guyot's ,elem5t>y ,geography = ,prim>y ,classes4 ,felt]'s ,fir/ ,lessons 9 ,numb]s4 ,an illu/rat$ ,table ,book design$ = elem5t>y in/ruction4 ------ ,footpr9ts ,( ,life2 ,or1 ,fai? ,& ,nature ,reconcil$4 ,by ,philip ,h>vey1 ,m4,d4 ,new ,york3 ,samuel ,r4 ,wells4 #ahfh4 ------ ,d4 ,j4 ,,sadli] ,co41 ,new ,york3 ,outl9es ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,irel&4 ,be+ ! sub/ance ( a lecture rec5tly deliv]$ at ,honesdale4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4 ,j4 ,doh]ty4 ,9 behalf ( ! ,sunday-s*ools4 ,pp4 #ce4 ,a new edition ( ,c>leton's ,val5t9e ,mc,clutchy4 ---------- #dcc ,! ,ca?olic ,_w4 ,vol4 ,,viii41 ,no4 #df ,janu>y1 #ahfi4 ------ ,galileo-,galilei1 ,footnote #ada ,! ,flor5t9e ,a/ronom]4 #aefd-afdb4 ,footnote #ada3 ,galileo--,! ,roman ,inquisition4 ,c9c9nati4 #ahdd4 ,galileo e l',inquisizione4 ,m>9o-,m>9i4 ,roma4 #ahej4 ,hi/oire des ,sci5ces ,ma?matiques en ,italie4 ,p> ,libri4 ,p>is4 #ahch4 ,notes on ! ,ante-,galilean ,cop]nicans4 ,pr(4 ,de ,morgan4 ,london4 #ahee4 ,op]e di ,galileo-,galilei4 ,alb]i4 ,fir5ze4 #ahdb-ahef4 #af vols4 imp4 #hvo4 ,galileo-,galilei1 sa ,vie1 son ,procs et ses ,contempora9s4 ,p> ,phil>te ,*asles4 ,p>is4 #ahfb4 ,galileo & ! ,inquisition4 ,by ,r4 ,madd54 ,london4 #ahfc4 ,galile1 sa ,vie1 ses ,dc\v]tes et ses ,travaux4 ,p> le ,dr4 ,max ,p>*appe4 ,p>is4 #ahff4 ,galile4 ,tragdie de ,m4 ,pons>d4 ,p>is4 #ahff4 ,la ,condamnation de ,galile4 ,p> ,m4 l',abb ,b\ix4 ,arras4 #ahff4 ,articles on ,galileo1 9 ,dubl9 ,review4 #ahch-ahfe4 ,articles on ,galileo1 9 ,revue des ,deux ,mondes4 #ahda-ahfd4 ,mlanges ,sci5tifiques et ,littraires4 ,p> ,j4 ,b4 ,biot4 #c vols4 ,p>is4 #aheh4 ,galile1 les ,droits de la ,sci5ce et la ,m?ode des ,sci5ces ,physiques4 ,p> ,?omas ,h5ri ,m>t94 ,p>is4 #ahfh4 ,ev5 s great a man z ,bacon reject$ ! !ory ( ,galileo ) scorn4 444 ,bacon _h n all ! means ( arriv+ at a s\nd conclusion :i* are )9 our rea*2 & :i* secure p :o w\ld n h be5 wor?y to m5d 8 p5s f fall+ into 8 mi/akes4 --,macaulay4 ,an ,unwritt5 ,*apt]4 ,galileo's connection ) a political p>ty1 unfri5dly to religion z well z to ! papal gov]nm5t1 is correctly ref]r$ to by ! ,ed9burgh ,review z "o ( ! causes ( 8 difficulties conc]n+ a "q ^u :i* ,cop]nicus met ) none :atev]4 ,our space w n p]mit u to treat ?is int]e/+ *apt] ( ! ,galileo /ory1 or we might %[ t n only su* a connection1 b ,galileo's associations ) ! p>tisans & fri5ds ( su* m5 7& 9 "s cases ) ! m5 !mselves7 z ,s>pi1 7,fra ,paolo17 ,antonio de ,dom9is1 etc4 etc41 contribut$ p[]fully to enc\rage 9 him an insult+ aggressiv5ess t ev5 ! indulg5t admonition ( #afaf c\ld n re/ra94 ,9 v>i\s ways1 ^! m5 /irr$ up /rife t might o!rwise h slumb]$1 & in/igat$ ,galileo to fre% infractions ( a rule by :i* he _h solemnly promis$ to abide4 ,!y are ref]r$ to by ! ,nor? ,briti% ,review 7,nov41 #ahfj7 9 en]getic language z ! b& ( sceptics :o h\nd$ him on to 8 ru94 #dcd ,9 l mann]1 s9ce we h spok5 ( ! treatm5t ( ,urban at ,galileo's h&s1 we _c1 = want ( space1 dwell ^u ! p]sonal be>+ ( ,urban t[>d him aft] ! trial 0 resolv$ ^u4 ,! law t compell$ ! trial 0 z b9d+ ^u ! pope z ^u any layman4 ,x _h to be fulfill$2 b s f> z ,urban's p]sonal demeanor & acts are evid5ce1 !re 0 no?+ 9 !m1 & no?+ 9 8 he>t1 b k9dness1 =be>ance1 & g5]osity t[>d ! (f5d]2 & x w be rememb]$ t he c>ri$ ^! s f> z to all[ ! decree ( ! ,inquisition to g =? unsign$ & unconfirm$ by him4 ,if rev5ge = any conceiv$ p]sonal affront _h actuat$ him1 he c\ld1 by 8 signature & approval1 h giv5 t decree a vigor & a value x c\ld nev] o!rwise possess4 ,we resume ! ?read ( our relation1 & proce$ to rec\nt ! ma9 facts ( ,! ,trial4 ,galileo 0 n[ summon$ to ,rome to answ] = 8 infraction ( ! injunction ( #afaf4 ,! summons 0 issu$ ,septemb] #bc;d1 #afcb4 ,!re 01 h[ev]1 nei!r hurry nor precipitation2 & aft] a delay ( "s mon?s1 caus$ p>tly by ,galileo's endeavors to h ! trial def]r$1 p>tly by 8 illness1 & p>tly by ! preval5ce ( an epidemic 9 ,flor5ce1 he rea*$ ,rome on ! #ac? ( ,febru>y1 #afcc1 & became ! gue/ ( ! ,tuscan ambassador4 ,/ill !re appe>s to h be5 no ha/e ) ! proce$+s1 & ,galileo pass$ 8 "t 9 p]fect fre$om1 surr\nd$ by 8 fri5ds & ! att5tions ( 8 noble ho/1 :o c\ld n help rem>k+ t ?is 0 ! fir/ in/ance he _h ev] he>d ( 9 :i* a p]son cit$ be=e ! ,inquisition--ev5 ?\gh !y 7 nobles or bi%ops or prelates--0 n held 9 /rict conf9em5t4 ,:51 at la/1 ,galileo's pres5ce at ! holy (fice 0 absolutely indisp5sable1 ! be/ & mo/ commodi\s rooms 7 plac$ at 8 disposition1 & 8 =mal int]rogatory comm5c$ ,april #ab?4 ,on ! t]m9ation ( ?is prelim9>y exam9ation1 he 0 assign$ ! m spaci\s & pleasant ap>tm5ts ( ! ,fiscal ( ! ,inquisition4 ,galileo1 says ,mr4 ,dr9kwat]1 0 treat$ ) unusual consid]ation2 & ,sir ,david ,brew/] /ates t dur+ ! :ole trial1 :i* _h n[ comm5c$1 ,galileo 0 treat$ ) ! mo/ m>k$ indulg5ce4 ,on ! #bb;d ( ,april1 ! commiss>y *>g$ ) ! conduct ( ! trial 0 ready to proce$1 b po/pon$ x on ,galileo's /atem5t t he 0 suff]+ f sev]e pa9 9 8 ?igh4 ,s matt]s re/$1 until1 on ! #cj?1 ,galileo ask$ = a resumption ( ! exam9ation1 & pres5t$ a complete & utt] disav[al ( 8 book & its pr9ciples4 ,he decl>$ t1 hav+ aga9 read ov] 8 ,dialogues1 9 ord] to exam9e :e!r1 contr>y to 8 express int5tion1 he _h inadv]t5tly disobey$ ! decree ( #afaf1 he f\nd t two argum5ts 7 too /rongly pres5t$2 t !y 7 n conclusive1 & c\ld be easily refut$4 ,if ,i _h to pres5t !m n[1 he said1 ,i %\ld assur$ly d x 9 t]ms t w\ld deprive !m ( ! weight !y app>5tly h1 b :i* 9 reality !y d n possess4 ,8 error1 he admitt$1 arose f a va9 ambition1 pure ignorance & inadv]t5ce3 ,e /ato dunque l'error mio1 e lo confesso1 di una vana ambitione1 e di una pura ignoranza e inav]t5za4 #dce ,galileo's ,volunt>y ,retraction4 ,"h ! exam9ation clos$ = ! day2 b ,galileo volunt>ily return$1 & reop5$ x ) ! decl>ation 7et po/ paululum r$i5s dixit7 t he _h n held ! condemn$ op9ion ( ! e>?'s motion1 & t he 0 ready1 if "t 7 grant$ him1 to prove x cle>ly4 ,i w take up1 said he1 ! argum5t 9 my ,dialogues1 & w refute ) all possible en]gy ! argum5ts pres5t$ 9 favor ( t op9ion4 ,he closes by reit]at+ 8 reque/ to be all[$ ! opportunity ( putt+ ^! resolutions 9 execution3 ,prego dunque que/o ,s4 ,tribunals *e voglia concorr] meco 9 que/a buona risolutione col conc$]mi facolt di pot]le mett] 9 effetto4 ,x is pa9ful to see a man's convictions s lightly held4 ,:y1 all ?is volunt>y pr(f] is m ?an 0 impos$ on ,galileo by ! decree ( #afaf1 & no m ?an assum$ by ! decree ( #afcc1 n yet pron\nc$6 ,alas1 poor ,galileo6 ,( su* /uff m>tyrs nev] yet 7 made4 ,x seems /range t ?is phase & ^! incid5ts ( ! trial %\ld nev] h be5 comm5t$ ^u1 z %[+ ! sci5tific "q to be entirely second>y 9 ! e/imation ( ! ,congregation4 ,_h t "q be5 ! only po9t or ! important po9t1 ?is volunt>y retraction1 confession ( judgm5t1 plea ( guilty1 (f] ( rep>ation1 & self-impos$ s5t5ce on ! "p ( ,galileo %\ld h be5 m ?an suffici5t to end ! case1 & leave naught = ! tribunal to d b to put ! self-impos$ s5t5ce 9 legal =m4 ,b n s4 ,z ,galileo well knew1 he might h gone on to ! end ( 8 life tea*+1 9 peace & honor1 ! a/ronomy taught by ,cop]nicus & o!rs = ! previ\s c5tury4 ,cop]nicanism 0 n 8 crime1 & !re=e 8 retraction1 z made1 c\ld n rea* 8 crim9al infraction ( ! decree ( #afaf1 & ( 8 own solemn pl$ges1 nor c\ld x modify ! accusation ( deception 9 ! matt] ( ! lic5se to pr9t 8 ,dialogues1 & ! improp] means tak5 to obta9 t lic5se4 ,! ,trial ,goes ,on4 ,on ! same day ,galileo made 8 volunt>y retraction1 he 0 p]mitt$ to return to ! palace ( ! ,tuscan ambassador4 ,on ! #aj? ( ,may1 he 0 notifi$ t a fur!r delay ( eight days w\ld be all[$ him = ! prep>ation ( a def5ce1 :5 he imm$iately pres5t$ x already prep>$1 9 a writt5 /atem5t ( two pages1 accompani$ by ! ,bell>m9e c]tificate ( #afaf4 ,mean:ile1 ! ,congregation delib]at$2 & su* 0 ! fri5dly feel+ 9 ,rome t[>d ,galileo t1 z late z ! #ba/ ( ,may1 ,c>d9al ,capponi ?\ght he w\ld be acquitt$4 ,giuducci ass]t$ x positively1 & ,ar*bi%op ,piccolom9i made prep>ations to take ,galileo ) him to ,si5na z 8 gue/4 ,a l>ge mass ( docum5t>y evid5ce1 lett]s1 reports1 etc41 _h accumulat$ 9 ! case1 & on ! #af? ( ,june a prelim9>y decree 0 ent]$1 by :i* ,galileo 0 enjo9$ f writ+ ei!r = or aga9/ ! !ory ( ! e>?'s motion1 7injuncto ei ne de cet]o scripto vel v]bo tractet amplius quovis modo de mobilitate t]rae nec de /abilitate soils et e contra etc47 #dcf ,on ! #ba/ ( ,june1 ,galileo 0 int]rogat$1 & /at$ 9 8 replies t1 be=e ! decree ( #afaf1 he _h held bo? op9ions z to ! sun or ! e>? be+ ! c5tre ( ! _w2 b t s9ce t "t1 conv9c$ ( ! prud5ce ( 8 sup]iors1 all d\bt _h ceas$ 9 8 m9d1 & he _h adopt$ z true & und\bt$ ! op9ion ( ,ptolemy2 t 9 8 ,dialogues he _h expla9$ ! pro(s t might be urg$ aga9/ "o or ! o!r sy/em1 b )\t decid+ = ei!r4 ,to ?is he 0 answ]$ t he ass]ts positively ! immobility ( ! sun & ! movem5t ( ! e>?1 & t he mu/ make up 8 m9d to ackn[l$ge ! tru?1 or t he %\ld be proce$$ aga9/ accord+ to ! law & ! facts ( ! case1 dev5ietur contra ipsum ad rem$ia juris et facti opportuna4 ,aga9 ,galileo replies t he nei!r holds nor has held t op9ion ( ,cop]nicus s9ce he receiv$ ! ord] to ab&on x4 ,be+ admoni%$ t1 if he does n tell ! tru?1 he refuses "u p5alty ( torture1 et ei dicto quod dicat v]itaiem alias dev5ietur ad torturam1 he replies1 ,io son qua p] f> l'ob$i5za e non ho t5nta que/a op9ione dopo la det]m9atione fatta come ho detto1 ,i am "h to make my submission4 ,i d n hold & h n held ?is op9ion s9ce ! det]m9ation tak5 z ,i h already /at$4 ,et cum nihil aliud proce$s ! record1 posset hab]i 9 executionem decreti1 habita ejus subscriptione1 remissus fuit ad locum suum4 ,footnote #adb 7,sign$7 ,io1 ,galileo-,galilei1 ho depo/o come di sopra44 ,footnote #adb3 ,& z no?+ else rema9$ to be done1 he sign$ ! record1 & 0 s5t back to 8 place ( abode4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 7,w$nesday1 ,june #bb;d1 #afcc17 ,galileo appe>$ aga9 be=e ! ,congregation to he> ! decree 9 8 case1 & pron\nce 8 abjuration4 ,! ,decree ,footnote #adc ,footnote #adc3 ,s f> z x relates to ! sci5tific "q1 ?is decree 0 susp5d$ by ,b5$ict ,,xiv41 & repeal$ 9 full consi/ory by ,pius ,,vii4 ,meantime1 8 ,dialogues 7 repeat$ly publi%$ 9 ,italy ) all ! usual ecclesia/ical approbations4 ,! edition 9 ! ,a/or ,libr>y is t ( ,padua1 #agdd1 & %[s :at we "h /ate4 0 bas$ ^u & ma9ly tak5 up ) ! recital ( ! proce$+s ( #afae1 ! injunction ( #afaf1 ! violation ( t injunction1 ! effect ( ! ,bell>m9e c]tificate1 ! violation ( ,galileo's pl$ges1 ! improp] means tak5 to obta9 ! lic5se to pr9t 8 ,dialogues1 & 8 confessions & excuses4 ,!re 0 no discussion ( ! sci5tific "q4 ,:]e=e1 recites ! decree1 z "h1 namely1 9 ! ,bell>m9e c]tificate1 !re is no m5tion made ( two p>ticul> articles ( ! said precepts--t is to say1 t y %\ld n tea*--doc]i--& 9 any mann]--quovis modo--write ( ! same doctr9e1 y argu$ t x 0 to be believ$ t 9 ! c\rse ( f\rte5 or sixte5 ye>s ^? ?+s pass$ out ( y\r memory1 & t1 on acc\nt ( ! same =getfulness1 y 7 sil5t ab\t t precept :5 y solicit$ a lic5se = publi%+ ! said "w ( y\rs4 ,& ?is 0 n said by y to excuse error1 b1 z x is ascrib$1 r to a va+lori\s ambition ?an to malice4 ,b ?is v c]tificate produc$ by y 9 y\r def5ce r aggravates ! *>ge aga9/ y1 s9ce 9 x1 x is decl>$ t ! said op9ion 0 contr>y to ,scripture1 & nev]!less y d>$ to treat ( x1 to def5d x1 & ev5 to argue 9 favor ( its probability4 ,nei!r did t c]tificate give y ! faculty1 z y int]pret x1 s artfully & subtly extort$ by y1 s9ce y did n make kn[n ! prohibition t _h be5 impos$ on y4 #dcg ,b z x appe>$ to u t y did n speak ! entire tru? ) respect to y\r int5tion1 we indicat$ t x 0 necess>y to proce$ to a rigor\s exam9ation ( y1 9 :i*1 )\t prejudice to ! o!r ?+s :i* 7 confess$ by y1 & :i* are d$uc$ aga9/ y ) respect to y\r int5tion1 y answ]$ ,ca?olically4 ,:i* ?+s1 !re=e1 hav+ duly consid]$1 & exam9$ into ! m]its ( ?is cause1 toge!r ) ! above-m5tion$ confessions & excuses ( y\rs1 & :atev] o!r matt]s %\ld be rightly se5 & consid]$1 we come to ! foll[+ def9itive s5t5ce aga9/ y3 ,we say1 judge1 & decl>e t y1 ! above-nam$ ,galileo1 on acc\nt ( ^? ?+s set =? 9 ! docum5ts ( ?is trial1 & :i* h be5 confess$ by y z above /at$1 h r5d]$ y\rself to ?is holy (fice vehem5tly suspect$ ( h]esy2 t is1 t y believ$ & hold t doctr9e :i* is false & contr>y to ! sacr$ ,scriptures1 namely1 t ! sun is ! c5tre ( ! orbit ( ! _w1 & t x moves n f ea/ to we/1 & t ! e>? moves1 & is n ! c5tre ( ! _w2 & t an op9ion c be held & def5d$ z probable1 aft] x _h be5 decl>$ & def9$ z contr>y to ! sacr$ ,scriptures4 ,& consequ5tly1 t y h incurr$ all ! c5sures & p5alties by ! sacr$ canons & o!r g5]al con/itutions & p>ticul> /atutes promulgat$ aga9/ del9qu5cies ( ?is k9d1 f :i* x is our pleasure t y %\ld be absolv$2 provid$1 fir/1 t ) a s9c]e he>t & fai?1 n feign$1 be=e u y abjure1 curse1 & dete/ ! above-m5tion$ errors & h]esies1 & e o!r h]esy & error contr>y to ! ,ca?olic & ,apo/olic ,roman ,*ur*1 by t =mula :i* is pres5t$ to y4 ,b le/ ?is grave fault ( y\rs1 & p]nici\s error & transgression1 %\ld rema9 unpuni%$ altoge!r1 & = ! "t to come t by m caution y %\ld avoid !m & be an example to o!rs1 t !y %\ld ab/a9 f ?is sort ( crime1 we decree & by public edict prohibit ! book ( ! ,dialogues ( ,galileo-,galilei2 we condemn y to ! prison ( ! holy (fice dur+ our pleasure2 & z a solit>y p5ance1 we prescribe t = ?ree ye>s y %all once a week recite ! sev5 p5it5tial psalms2 res]v+ to ourselves ! p[] ( mod]at+1 commut+1 or tak+ away 9 :ole or 9 "p ! above-m5tion$ p5alties & p5ances4 ,& ?us we say1 pron\nce1 & by s5t5ce decl>e1 etc4 ,!n foll[$ ,galileo's abjuration ( 8 errors & h]esies2 t is to say1 abjuration ( 8 error z to ! e>?'s movem5t1 & ( 8 h]esy z to ! decisions ( ! ,congregation4 ,we ?us give1 9 all _! crudity1 & )\t comm5t1 ! only portion ( ! trial & ! decree at all available to ! advocates ( ! old v]sion ( ! ,galileo /ory4 ,let !m make ! mo/ ( x4 ,! ,record ,( ,! ,trial ,( ,galileo1 or ! ,procs ,v]bal1 /ill exi/s 9 all its orig9al integrity4 ,! hi/ory ( ^! docum5ts is s+ul>4 ,! ar*ives ( ! ,inquisition at ,rome 7 c>ri$ (f to ,p>is at "s "t dur+ ! reign ( ,napoleon4 ,"l ,br\gham says 9 #ahji4 ,m4 ,biot 7:o cites ,m4 ,delaborde1 ,directeur des ,ar*ives ,franaises7 says 9 #ahaa4 #dch ,a ,fr5* translation ( ! ,galileo trial1 begun by ord] ( ,napoleon1 0 complet$ d[n to ,april #cj?1 #afcc4 ,j be=e ! ,hundr$ ,days1 ,l\is ,,xviii4 desir$ to see ! docum5ts1 & all ! pap]s connect$ ) ! trial 7 br\ght to 8 ap>tm5ts4 ,8 ha/y flight f ,p>is soon foll[$1 & ! ,,mss4 7 =gott5 & lo/ sight (4 ,:5 ! plund]$ ar*ives 7 return$ to ,rome1 x 0 f\nd t ! ,galileo trial 0 n among !m4 ,reclamation 0 made1 & x 0 n until #ahdf t ,l\is ,philippe _h ! docum5ts return$ by ,m4 ,rossi4 ,!y are n[ 9 ! ,vatican4 ,9 ?is connection1 x is an int]e/+ fact to note t sev5ty folio volumes ( ! ar*ives ( ! ,inquisition are n[ 9 ! libr>y ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,dubl94 ,! ar*ives at ,rome 7 plund]$ a second "t 9 #ahdi1 :e!r by ,g>ibaldians or ,fr5* is n kn[n4 ,! plund] 0 br\ght to ,p>is by a ,fr5* (fic]1 & !re1 9 #ahej1 sold to ! late ,duke ( ,man*e/]1 :o sold !m to ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,gibb+s1 a ,prote/ant cl]gyman ( ! ,iri% ,e/abli%m5t4 ,mr4 ,gibb+s aga9 sold !m to ! late ,dr4 ,wall1 vice-provo/ ( ! univ]sity1 aid$ by ,dr4 ,s+]1 ,bi%op ( ,mea?1 :o pres5t$ !m to ! libr>y ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,dubl94 ,we return to ! ,galileo record4 ,9 #ahej1 ,signor ,m>9o-,m>9i1 ,prefect ( ! ,vatican ,ar*ives1 publi%$ ,galileo e l',inquizitione4 ,?is ,signor ,m>9i is ! same :o is s highly spok5 ( by ,william von ,humboldt4 7,see ,s*lesi]'s ,lives ( ! ,humboldts47 ,8 "w orig9ally appe>$ 9 ! =m ( a disc\rse address$ to ! ,ar*aeological ,academy ( ,rome4 ,look$ = ) anxiety1 ! book 0 receiv$ ) "s disappo9tm5t4 ,in/ead ( ! text1 & ! entire text ( ! trial1 ,signor ,m>9i gave extracts & fragm5ts1 /at+ at ! same "t t ! ,fr5*1 :o _h ^! docum5ts 9 _! possession s _m ye>s1 _h n d>$ to publi% !m1 because !y 7 disappo9t$ at n f9d+ 9 !m :at !y s\ght =4 ,to ?is x 0 object$--& ! po9t 0 well tak5--,:y1 !n1 did n y publi% ! :ole8 ,! tru? is1 ! *oice ( ,signor ,m>9i = ! task 0 un=tunate4 ,an excell5t s*ol> & accompli%$ man1 he 0 yet too timid or too n>r[-m9d$ = x1 & und]took ! function ( an advocate r ?an ! f> m important "o ( a hi/orian4 ,he %rank f ! publicity ( su* passages z1 ,dev5ietur contra ipsum ad rem$ia juris et facti opportuna1 ,alias dev5ietur ad torturam1 z ?\gh we 7 n aw>e ( ! univ]sality ( ! use ( torture 9 all ! crim9al proc$ure ( all ,europe1 & t ! ,inquisition took x n f ecclesia/ical1 b f ! secul> tribunals ( ! day2 z ?\gh we did n only deplore1 b op5ly reprobate1 ! fact1 & z ?\gh we did n hold ! ,inquisition responsible = ! odium x has entail$ on ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 v mu*1 we presume1 z any "r-m9d$ ,prote/ant holds />-*amb]s & ,elizabe?an tortures responsible = burd5s !y f9d h>d to be>4 ,a di/+ui%$ ,fr5* writ]1 ,m4 ,h5ri de l',ep9ois1 express$ 8 regret to ! pres5t prefect ( ! ,vatican ,ar*ives z to ! unsatisfactory mann] 9 :i* ,sig4 ,m>9i _h pres5t$ ! ,galileo record1 :]eupon ! ,rev4 ,fa!r ,!9] imm$iately (f]$ to place all ! docum5ts at 8 disposition = any exam9ation or publication he might wi% to make4 #dci ,! result is ,m4 ,l',ep9ois's "w1 ,galile1 son ,procs1 sa ,condamnation1 d'aprs des ,docum5s ,9dits1 9 :i* are giv5 all ! orig9al passages omitt$ by ,m>9i4 ,! record ( ! trial cov]s two hundr$ & tw5ty pages1 & includes1 besides ! int]rogatories & replies ( ,galileo & ( sev]al witnesses1 sixty-?ree lett]s1 ord]s1 op9ions1 depositions1 etc41 besides ! v>i\s decrees & ,galileo's def5ce & abjuration4 ,! int]rogatories are all 9 ,lat91 ! answ]s 9 ,italian4 ,?us1 = example1 :]e ,galileo is exam9$ z to ! publication ( 8 ,dialogues1 ! record runs3 ,int]rogate4 ,an si o/5d]et sibi dictus lib] p>atus sit illum recognosc]e tanquam suum8 ,respondit4 ,sp]o di si *e mi s>a mon/rato il libro lo riconosc]o4 ,et sibi o/5so uno ex libris ,flor5tiae impressis1 anno #afcb1 cujus titulus e/ ,dialogo di ,galileo-,galilei l9ceo1 9 quo agitur de duobus si/ematibus mundi1 et p] ipsum b5e viso et inspecto1 dixit3 lo conosco que/o libro b5issimo1 et e uno di quelli /ampati 9 ,fior5za1 et lo conosco come mio e da me compo/o4 ,int]rogatus4 ,an p>it] recognoscat omnia et s+ula 9 dicto libro cont5ta tanquam sua8 ,respondit4 ,io conosco que/o libro mo/ratomi1 *' uno di quelli /ampati 9 ,fior5za e tutto quello *e 9 esso si conti5e lo riconosco come compo/o da me4 ,e ,pur ,si ,muove6 ,! temptation ( ! dramatic effect ( ?is phrase has be5 too /rong = writ]s :o %\ld h kn[n bett] ?an to give x curr5cy4 ,9 ! declamation ( a s*ool exhibition1 we are n surpris$ to f9d x2 b f a s]i\s hi/orian x comes ) a bad grace4 ,m4 ,pons>d has1 ( c\rse1 pres]v$ x 9 8 drama4 ,x is simply fable1 & l ! ,up1 ,gu>ds1 & at !m6 ( ,"l ,well+ton1 un de ces mots de circon/ance inv5ts aprs c\p4 ,footnote #add ,footnote #add3 ,"o ( ^? impromptus compos$ at leisure4 ,un/able1 timor\s1 equivocat+1 & supple1 says ,phil>te ,*asles1 he nev] _h ! he>t to exclaim1 ',e pur si muove6' ,he nev] exhibit$ t h]oical resi/ance :i* has be5 attribut$ to him4 ,! p5it5tial %irt or sack is also fabul\s1 not)/&+ ev5 s di/+ui%$ a man z ,c\s9 speaks ( ,galileo z =c d'abjur] g5\x1 en *emise1 son plus beau titre de gloire4 ,footnote #ade ,footnote #ade3 ,=c$ to abjure on 8 knees1 & clad 9 a %irt1 8 noble/ title to greatness4 ,value ,( ,! ,decree4 ,a few words--& b few are ne$$--z to ! common ass]tion t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 claim+ infallibility 9 matt]s ( fai?1 decid$ ! doctr9e ( ! e>?'s immobility to be a tru? affirm$ 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,grant+ ! decree ( ! ,inquisition 9 ! case ( ,galileo to h be5 all t is claim$ aga9/ x1 x 01 aft] all1 no?+ b a decree ( ! ,inquisition2 no m1 no less4 ,& fir/1 :at 0 ! ,inquisition8 ,! ,inquisition =ms no p]man5t or ess5tial "p ( ! organization ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,x 0 always a purely local tribunal1 & ! orig9al appo9tm5t ( its (fic]s z quaesitores fidei1 or inquisitors1 seems to h be5 design$ to prev5t civil w>s on ! score ( religion4 ,! prevail+ s5tim5t z well z ! positive jurisprud5ce ( ! middle ages approv$ ! puni%m5t ( h]esy by temporal p5alties4 #ddj ,inde$1 su* pr9ciples1 abhorr5t to u1 seem to h come d[n out ( ! s-call$ d>k ages f> t[>d our own "t4 ,= full confirmation ( ?is /atem5t1 y may read ,john ,calv9's treatise 9 def5ce ( p]secut+ measures1 9 :i* he ma9ta9s ! lawfulness ( putt+ h]etics to dea?2 & = illu/ration1 y may p]use ! acc\nt ( 8 treatm5t ( ,ca/ellio & ,s]vetus1 :o f\nd ,calv9's reason+ ( su* peculi> /r5g? t !y did n survive its application2 or 8 lett] to ,som]set1 7#aedh37 ,y h two k9ds ( mut9e]s3 ! "o are a fanatical p1 :o1 "u color ( ! gospel1 w\ld set all to confusion2 ! o!rs are /ubborn p 9 ! sup]/ition ( ! ,anti*ri/ ( ,rome4 ,^! altoge!r d des]ve to be well puni%$ by ! sword4 7,see ,fr\de's ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 vol4 v47 ,*>m+ imp>tiality6 ,m ?an a hundr$ ye>s aft]w>d1 ,calv9's foll[]s embodi$ 8 doctr9e 9 _! solemn confession ( fai?1 :]e9 !y say 7,we/m9/] ,confession1 *4 xxiii47 t ! civil magi/rate ha? au?ority1 & x is 8 duty1 to take ord]1 t all blasphemies & h]esies be suppress$4 ,al?\gh inquisitors exi/$ 9 ,italy f ! "t ( ,innoc5t ,,iv41 _! au?ority 0 s r>ely ex]cis$ t x 0 sc>cely kn[n until ,paul ,,iii41 9 ! ye> #aede1 organiz$ ! ,congregation ( ! ,inquisition1 consi/+ ( six c>d9als4 ,to ^! 7 add$ two m by ,pius ,v4 ,!y =m$ a /rictly ecclesia/ical tribunal1 *>g$ ) matt]s reg>d+ ! integrity ( fai? ?r\gh\t ! _w2 _! duty be+ to exam9e & c5sure errone\s propositions1 condemn & proscribe bad books1 inflict ecclesia/ical c5sures on cl]gym5 convict$ ( error1 & ex]cise a sup]9t5d5ce ov] ! local tribunals ( fai?4 ,x /ill exi/s1 acts1 & ex]cises its ecclesia/ical attributes4 ,b h[ev] p[]ful to suppress op9ion or to exact ob$i5ce ! ,inquisition might be )9 ! limits ( its own special jurisdiction1 we h nev] yet he>d t any decree ( any inquisition ev] det]m9$ a "q ( fai?1 or1 9 o!r words1 ev] attempt$ to usurp ! functions ( a g5]al c\ncil4 ,ev5 ,riccioli1 ! orig9al s\rce1 up to )9 a few ye>s1 ( all acc\nts ( ! trial & s5t5ce ( ,galileo1 & himself "o ( ! /ronge/ !ological oppon5ts ( ! !ory ( ! e>?'s motion1 expressly prote/s aga9/ ! ass]tion t any decl>ation :atev] _h be5 made on ! subject by ! *ur* itself4 ,he says3 ,! ,sacr$ ,congregation ( ,c>d9als1 tak5 ap>t f ! ,supreme ,pontiff1 does n make propositions to be ( fai?1 ev5 ?\gh x %\ld actually def9e !m to be ( fai?1 or ! contr>y ones h]etical4 ,:]e=e1 s9ce no def9ition ^u ?is matt] has z yet issu$ f ! ,supreme ,pontiff1 nor f any c\ncil direct$ & approv$ by him1 x is n yet ( fai? t ! sun moves & ! e>? /&s /ill by =ce ( ! decree ( ! ,congregation2 b at mo/ & alone1 by ! =ce ( ! sacr$ ,scriptures to ^? to :om x is morally evid5t t ,god has reveal$ x4 ,nev]!less1 ,ca?olics are b\nd1 9 prud5ce & ob$i5ce1 at lea/ s f> z n to tea* ! contr>y4 ,& yet1 pla9 z is ?is di/9ction1 m5 ( pr(ess$ly !ological acquirem5ts1 = ! sake ( inflict+ a w\nd on ! *ur*1 sy/ematically ignore x :5ev] !y h a po9t to make ) ! ,galileo /ory4 #dda ,& ! di/9ction is n only pla9 at ! pres5t day1 b 0 expressly made at ! "t ( ,galileo's trial4 ,x 0 n 9 ! p[] ( ! holy (fice to decl>e x 7,galileo's sci5tific !ory7 or any o!r doctr9e h]esy2 x w\ld take an ,o,ecumenical ,c\ncil = t4 7,lett] ( ,septemb] #d?1 #afcb3 ,c>d9al ,magalotti to ,galileo47 ,ev5 ,desc>tes1 six mon?s aft] ! trial1 rem>ks t ! decision ( ! ,inquisition _h receiv$ ! ratification ( nei!r pope nor c\ncil4 ,! ,torture4 ,! relators ( ! torture fable ask u to believe t an old man b5d+ "u ! weight ( sev5ty ye>s1 aft] und]go+ imprisonm5t & m5tal angui%1 suff]$ ! pe9e =te et dure ( torture on ! #ba/ ( ,june1 & on ! next day 0 capable ( rema9+ m ?an an h\r on 8 knees to receive 8 s5t5ce1 & !n1 unaid$1 arose1 /amp$ 8 foot1 & ?und]$ out1 ,e pur si muove6 ,truly a vigor\s p]=mance1 b n m h>dy ?an ! /ory :i* relates x4 ,no2 ^! fables c no long] h place 9 hi/ory2 & we "k positively t ,galileo1 :o1 on ! ev5+ ( ,june #bd?1 aft] 8 ?ree days' det5tion at ! holy (fice1 7! s5t5ce ( imprisonm5t be+ imm$iately commut$ by ! pope17 0 conduct$ by ,niccol9i to ! ,villa ,m$ici1 & :o1 on ! #f? ( ,july1 old z he 01 0 able to walk f\r miles )\t inconv5i5ce1 c\ld n h be5 tortur$ on ! #ba/ ( ,june4 ,^? :o und]take1 says ! ,g]man ,prote/ant ,von ,reumont1 to accuse ! ,inquisition on ?is po9t1 are =c$ to h rec\rse to fiction4 ,"l ,br\gham1 aft] an exam9ation ( ! case1 says1 9 8 ,analytical ,view ( ! ,pr9cipia1 t ! supposition ( ,galileo hav+ be5 tortur$ is entirely disprov$ by ,galileo's own acc\nt ( ! l5ity ) :i* he 0 treat$4 ,biot dismisses ! matt] ?us3 ,,ii y a l une runion d'invraisemblances qui ne p]met pas de concevoir raisonnablem5t un s\pon p>eil4 ,footnote #adf ,footnote #adf3 ,!re is "h su* a conjunction ( improbabilities z to exclude all reasonable possibility ( su* a suspicion4 ,galileo surviv$ 8 s5t5ce eight ye>s4 ,is x cr$ible t1 dur+ t long p]iod sp5t 9 intimate p]sonal int]c\rse & lit]>y correspond5ce ) 8 fri5d1 no ^w or h9t ( compla9t ( su* an outrage z torture %\ld h escap$ 8 lips8 ,ca/elli 0 con/antly ) him to ! h\r ( 8 dea?1 & he>d no :isp] ( x4 ,9 ,augu/1 #afch1 writ+ to ,b]negg]1 ,galileo c\ld boa/ t nei!r ! fre$om nor ! vigor ( 8 _s 0 repress$4 ,?ree mon?s be=e 8 dea?1 ) ! c]ta9ty ( its approa*1 he s5t = ,torricelli1 & sp5t long h\rs 9 unres]v$ disc\rse ) him4 ,n a ^w ( torture6 ,f9ally1 9 8 la/ lett]1 j ?ree weeks be=e 8 dea?1 to ,bec*]9i1 he bewails 8 endurances & 8 tr\bles 9 a _s t c\ld n & did n fail to unseal 8 lips = ev]y?+ he _h to say 9 ! _s ( compla9t2 b "h1 too1 n a ^w ( torture6 ,! majority ( ! ,fr5* feuilletoni/s on ! ,pons>d drama manife/ disappo9tm5t at n f9d+ any torture1 & /raightway seek solace 9 su* reflections z1 ,a9si1 ,galile ne fut po9t mis la torture2 on en a auj\rd'hui la ple9e c]titude46 ,footnote #adg ,footnote #adg3 ,?us1 !n1 ,galileo 0 n put to ! torture4 ,( t we n[ h ! fulle/ c]ta9ty4 #ddb ,b ! feuilletoni/ wants to "k if ! p]secutions1 bitt]ness1 & vexation ( e k9d to :i* ,galileo 0 subject$ 7 n ! equival5t ( physical torture8 ,& :at1 !n1 does he take to be ! equival5t ( ! irony1 s>casm1 +ratitude1 & insult gratuit\sly heap$ ^u ,urban1 ! k9d fri5d & lib]al b5efactor ( ,galileo8 ,no reasonable d\bt c n[ exi/ z to ! fact t x 0 n ,galileo's ass]tion ( ! hypo!sis ( ! e>?'s rotation t br\ght him into tr\ble4 ,x 0 8 intemp]ance ( language1 impati5ce ( wise c\nsel1 disreg>d ( sacr$ obligations1 violation ( solemn promises1 & above all1 8 insane p]v]sity 9 dragg+ ! scriptural elem5t into ! controv]sy4 ,( ! scores ( di/+ui%$ adh]5ts1 disciples1 advocates1 & pr(essors ( ! helioc5tric doctr9e1 ,galileo alone gave annoyance & creat$ difficulty4 ,to ! ext5t ( exam9+ & discuss+ ! "q sci5tifically1 ! fre$om at ,rome 0 p]fect4 ,b :5 ! po9t 0 rea*$ :5 x 0 gratuit\sly ?ru/ into collision ) ,scripture1 a degree ( demon/ration 0 ne$$ t c\ld n be produc$4 ,aft] ,! ,trial4 ,to complete ! *ronological /atem5t ( ev5ts1 x is only necess>y to add t on ! #f? ( ,july ,galileo left ,rome = ,si5na1 :]e he rema9$ ) ,ar*bi%op ,piccolom9i1 "o ( 8 mo/ intimate fri5ds1 until ! mon? ( ,decemb]4 ,he !n return$ to 8 own home at ,arcetri1 ne> ,flor5ce4 ,x 0 "h he receiv$ ! (t-describ$ & well-kn[n visit ( ,milton1 !n 9 ! prime ( y\?4 ,9 #afch1 he transf]r$ 8 resid5ce to ,flor5ce1 :]e he occupi$ himself ) sci5tific pursuits1 8 negotiation ) ,holl& = ! use ( 8 discov]y conc]n+ ! longitude1 ! publication ( 8 book ,dialoghi delle ,nuove ,sci5ze at ,leyd51 7#afch17 correspond5ce ) sci5tific m51 & visits f 8 fri5ds4 ,he di$ on ! #h? ( ,janu>y1 #afdb1 9 ! sev5ty-eigh? ye> ( 8 age4 ,! noble/ eye1 wrote 8 fri5d ,fa!r ,ca/elli1 ann\nc+ 8 dea?1 :i* nature ev] made1 is d>k5$2 an eye s privileg$ & gift$ ) su* r>e p[]s t x may truly be said to h se5 m ?an ! eyes ( all t are gone1 & to h op5$ ! eyes ( all t are to come4 ,we n[ pass to ! consid]ation ( ! exact condition ( ,! ,sci5tific ,"q z x exi/$ 9 #afcc1 leav+1 ( c\rse1 aside all discussion ( its !ological or scriptural connection4 ,)\t go+ back s f> z ,py?agoras1 ! new sy/em 9 #afcc 0 n orig9al ) ,galileo1 nor ev5 ) ,cop]nicus1 :o is said to h receiv$ ! g]m ( 8 new doctr9e at ,bologna f ! hypo!sis ( ,dom9icus ,m>ia on ! v>iability ( ! axis ( ! e>?2 & x w\ld be mo/ int]e/+1 did space all[1 to review ! intellectual /ruggles ( ! pr$ecessors 7ad a/ra7 ( ! ,poli% prie/ ) a !ory !y felt to be true1 b 7 p[]less to demon/rate ev5 to !mselves4 #ddc ,among ^! m5 73 #a4 ,! great my/ical !ologian1 ,ri*>d ( ,/4 ,victor1 :o describ$ ! true me?od ( physical inquiry 9 t]ms :i* ,francis ,bacon might h adopt$4 ,x w\ld n be easy at ! pres5t day1 says ,dr4 ,:ewell1 7,philosophy ( ,discov]y1 pp4 #eb-ec17 to give a bett] acc\nt ( ! object ( physical sci5ce4 #b4 ,celius ,calcagn9i1 7born #adgi17 :o publi%$ 7,tirabos*i says divolg1 :i* may or may n mean simply pr9t+7 a "w 9 :i* he endeavor$ to prove quod coelum /et1 t]ra autem moveatur4 #c4 ,c>d9al ,cusa1 sometimes call$ ,ni*olas ! ,cusan1 an intellectual giant ( 8 "t1 ! highe/ expression1 probably1 ( ! active m5tal movem5t t m>k$ ! #ae? c5tury4 ,he 0 equally di/+ui%$ 9 sci5ce1 9 lett]s1 & 9 philosophy1 & 9 #adcf1 at ! ,c\ncil ( ,basle1 propos$ ! re=m ( ! cal5d> aft]w>d c>ri$ out by ! pope4 ,8 k ( a/ronomy 01 = 8 "t1 pr(\nd1 & he ass]t$ & publi%$ t ! sun is at re/1 ! e>? moves1 7i/am t]ram 9 v]itate moveatur47 ,footnote #adh ,footnote #adh3 ,t heav5 is motionless1 b t ! e>? moves4 #d4 ,nov>a1 ! preceptor ( ,cop]nicus2 = x is c]ta9 t ,cop]nicus f\nd 8 new doctr9e 9 ,italy4 #e4 ,j]ome ( ,tallavia1 ^: pap]s are said to h fall5 into ! h&s ( ,cop]nicus4 #f4 ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 :o1 9 #aeaj1 connect$ 8 !ory ( bodies ) ! e>?'s motion1 %[+1 z ,:ewell says1 t ! helioc5tric doctr9es 7 f]m5t+ 9 ! m9ds ( intellig5t m51 & gradually assum+ cle>ness & /r5g?4 ,al?\gh ,da ,v9ci con/ruct$ no sy/em ( explanation1 he nev]!less held ! motion ( ! e>?1 z appe>s f "o ( 8 manuscripts ( ! ye> #aejj4 ,"s light may be ?r[n ^u ! actual condition ( a/ronomical sci5ce dur+ ! ,galileo p]iod by a %ort /atem5t ( ! argum5ts mo/ 9 vogue betwe5 ,ptolemai/s ,& ,cop]nicans1 & ( :at ! latt] _h to pres5t 9 ! way ( pro(4 ,! ,cop]nicans cont5d$ g5]ally = ! great] simplicity ( _! sy/em1 & ! incr$ibility ( ! enorm\s velocity :i* ! sph]e ( ! fix$ />s mu/ h if ! anci5t sy/em be true4 ,to ?is x 0 answ]$ t ,god doe? wond]s )\t numb]4 ,b ! e>? w\ld corrupt & putrefy )\t motion1 :]eas ! heav5s are incorruptible4 ,to :i* ! answ] 0 ready t w9d w\ld give suffici5t motion4 ,b ! mo/ movable "p ( man is und]nea?1 s9ce he walks ) 8 feet2 :5ce ! mo/ unwor?y "p ( ! univ]se1 ! e>?1 %\ld be movable4 ,object$ t1 if ! e>? moves1 ! head ( a man moves fa/] ?an 8 feet4 ,b aga91 ,re/ is nobl] ?an motion1 & !re=e ought to belong to ! sun1 ! noble body4 ,repli$ to1 ,= ! same reason1 ! moon & all ! planets ought to re/4 ,aga91 ,! lamp ( ! _w ought to be 9 ! c5tre4 ,answ]$ by1 ,a lamp is frequ5tly hung up f a ro( to enlight5 ! floor4 ,c we fancy1 ask$ ! ,cop]nicans1 t ,god has n act$ on a s*eme s impressive & s beautiful z ours8 ,c we fancy1 repli$ _! oppon5ts1 t ?is e>? is con/antly 9 motion1 :i* we feel to be ! /able/ ( all ?+s8 t our s5ses are giv5 to deceive u8 t dur+ ! great] "p ( our lives we cl+ to ! e>? ) our head d[nw>d8 #ddd ,f9ally1 ! ,cop]nicans 7 utt]ly sil5c$ by ! unansw]able argum5t ( ?r[+ up a /one4 ,w\ld !y please expla91 0 ask$ ( !m1 :y1 if ! e>? mov$1 ! /one1 be+ ?r[n directly upw>d1 %\ld fall on ! spot f :i* x 0 ?r[n8 ,! ,cop]nicans 7 sil5t1 = !y c\ld assign no reason4 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 says ,pr(essor ,de ,morgan1 ! wit ( man c\ld n imag9e h[1 if ! e>? mov$1 a /one ?r[n directly upw>d w\ld tumble d[n ^u ! spot x 0 ?r[n f4 ,x 0 res]v$ = a man :o 0 born on ! same day ,galileo di$ to furni% ! reason4 ,a/ronomy ,9 #afcc4 ,to "o seek+ = a demon/rat$ sy/em1 a/ronomy 0 !n a hopeless *aos ( irreconcilable facts--an imp5etrable jungle ( conflict+ !ories4 ,t su* 0 ! actual condition ( ! sci5ce 9 ,galileo's day1 we f9d fully recogniz$ & aptly describ$ by a di/+ui%$ ,engli% ,prote/ant1 a great "n 9 ,engli% lit]ature1 :o1 himself an exact ma!matician & a/ronom]1 0 mo/ active 9 rese>* & obs]vation precisely dur+ ! p]iod ( ,galileo's greate/ fame4 ,we ref] to ,burton1 au?or ( ! celebrat$ ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly4 ,?is rem>kable book 0 writt5 by ,burton dur+ ! ye>s ext5d+ f #afad to #afba1 :5 ! fir/ edition 0 publi%$4 ,! subsequ5t editions ( #afbd1 #afbh1 #afcb1 & #afch 7 all issu$ dur+ ! life ( ! au?or1 :o di$ 9 #afci1 a succession ( ye>s precisely cov]+ ! p]iod ( ,galileo's controv]sies & trials2 & yet its au?or1 vic> ( ,/4 ,?omas & rector ( ,segrave1 7,*ur* ( ,engl& z by law e/abli%$17 :o nev] misses an opportunity ev] s slight ( giv+ ,ca?olicity a ?ru/ or a /ab1 makes 'm]e m5tion' ( ,galileo's condemnation ?us3 ,^! p>adoxes ( ! e>?'s motion :i* ! ,*ur* ( ,rome ha? lately condemn$ z h]etical4 ,! tru? is1 t 9 t day ! c\rse pursu$ by ! ,congregation at ,rome 0 g5]ally approv$ ev5 by ,prote/ants4 ,9 _! eyes1 no?+ b a p>adox 0 condemn$4 ,hav+ exhau/$ all 8 pro(1 :]e does ,galileo leave our exact ,engli% ma!matician1 :o evid5tly read & knew ( ev]y?+ publi%$ on ! subject 9 8 day8 ,:y1 ,burton speaks ( t ma9 p>adox ( ! e>?'s motion n[ s mu* 9 "q1 & devotes five full pages to a pres5tation ( all ! !ories !n curr5t1 giv+ ,galileo's z ( no m value ?an ! o!rs6 ,he ?us sums !m up3 ,"o (f5ds aga9/ natural philosophy1 ano!r aga9/ optic pr9ciples1 a ?ird aga9/ ma!matical1 z n answ]+ to a/ronomical obs]vations4 ,"o puts a great space betwe5 ,saturn's orb & ! eigh? sph]e1 ano!r too n>r[4 ,9 8 own hypo!sis1 he makes ! e>? z be=e ! univ]sal c5tre1 ! sun to ! five upp] planets2 to ! eigh? sph]e he ascribes diurnal motion2 ecc5trics & epicycles to ! sev5 planets1 :i* ha? be5 =m]ly explod$2 & s1 dum vitant /ulti vitia1 9 contr>ia currant1 ,footnote #adi z a t9k] /ops "o hole & makes two1 he corrects !m1 & do? worse himself3 re=ms "s & m>s all4 ,9 ! mean "t1 ! _w is toss$ 9 a blanket among/ !m1 !y hoi/ ! e>? up & d[n l a ball1 make x /& & g at _! pleasures3 "o sai? ! sun /&s2 ano!r1 he moves2 a ?ird comes 91 tak+ !m all at reb\nd1 & le/ !re %\ld any p>adox be want+1 he f9ds c]ta9 spots & cl\ds 9 ! sun4 444 ,footnote #adi3 ,:ile !y avoid "o mi/ake1 !y run into ! contr>y4 #dde ,& ?us !y disagree among/ !mselves1 old & new1 irreconcilable 9 _! op9ions2 ?us ,ari/>*us1 ?us ,hipp>*us1 ?us ,ptolemaeus1 ?us ,albateg9us1 ?us ,alfraganus1 ?us ,ty*o1 ?us ,ram]us1 ?us ,raesl9us1 ?us ,fraca/orius1 ?us ,cop]nicus & 8 adh]5ts1 etc4 ,n a ^w "h ( ,galileo4 ,! :ole *apt] is v curi\s1 & w well repay ! tr\ble ( read+4 ,see pages #cbc to #cbi1 ,london edition4 ,not)/&+ 8 condition ( p>adox z se5 by dis9t]e/$ m5 ( sci5ce1 ,galileo claim$ ?ree propositions z settl$3 ,fir/4 ,! sy/em 0 demon/rat$4 ,second4 ,he demon/rat$ x4 ,?ird4 ,8 0 ! honor ( furni%+ ! demon/ration f ! flux & reflux ( ! tides4 ,to ^! ?ree propositions x is repli$ t ! sy/em 0 n at t day demon/rat$ by ,galileo or by any "o else1 & t 8 tidal argum5t 0 wor?less4 ,inde$1 a suffici5t answ] is f\nd 9 ! simple /atem5t1 9 :i* all a/ronom]s mu/ c]ta9ly accord1 t be=e ! "t ( ,sir ,isaac ,newton !re 0 no?+ to make ! ,cop]nican sy/em m plausible & reasonable ?an ! ,ptolemaic !ory1 because ! ,engli% a/ronom] fir/ expla9$ ! "o law on :i* planet>y revolutions dep5d$4 ,! !ory ( ! e>?'s rotation 01 9 #afcc1 b>ely a matt] ( induction--/rong1 x is true1 yet no?+ m ?an induction4 ,/rong1 if ! two argum5ts tak5 f ! phases ( ,v5us & ! satellites ( ,jupit] are duly weigh$2 b weak )\t !m4 ,! discov]y ( ! satellites ( ,jupit] 0 call$ by ,h]s*el ! hold+ turn ( ! ,cop]nican sy/em1 b ,galileo _h no conception ( its value2 he pass$ x by z insignificant1 & settl$ d[n complac5tly ^u ! flux & reflux ( ! tides z ! cr[n+ pro(4 ,to ?is pro(1 & to no o!r1 he clung dur+ ! citation ( #afaf4 ,a/ronom]s express great surprise t ,galileo makes no m5tion ( ! belts ( ,jupit]1 al?\gh !y are visible ) ! aid ( ! smalle/ glass4 ,zuc*i1 a ,jesuit1 0 ! fir/ to note !m 9 ,rome1 7#afcj47 ,9 l mann]1 ! discov]y ( ! spots on ! sun d n appe> to h b5efit$ him 9 asc]ta9+ ! sun's rotation4 ,galile1 says ,arago1 n'a pas non plus la mo9dre app>5ce de droit la dc\v]te du m\vem5t de rotation du soleil4 ,on a vu les ta*es2 aucune consqu5ce de cette obs]vation n'e/ indique4 ,footnote #aej ,footnote #aej3 ,nei!r has ,galileo ! slighte/ app>5t claim to ! discov]y ( ! sun's rotation4 ,! spots are obs]v$1 b no d$uction is drawn f ! obs]vation4 ,! ov]sights conc]n+ ,jupit] are ! m rem>kable z ,galileo's labors 9 inve/igation ( ! satellites 7 long & exhau/+4 ,x is only )9 a few ye>s t ?is fact has be5 asc]ta9$ ?r\gh ! discov]y by ,pr(essor ,alb]i ( a long s]ies ( obs]vations ( ! satellites ( ,jupit]1 ) tables & ephem]ides drawn up = ! purpose ( comp>+ ! longitude4 ,^! manuscripts1 describ$ z a mighty monum5t ( 8 labors--& d\btless !y mu/ be1 = all 8 calculations 7 necess>ily made )\t ! aid ( log>i?ms--7 f\nd 9 ! ,pitti ,palace libr>y1 & are publi%$ by ,alb]i 9 ! fif? volume ( 8 magnific5t edition ( ,galileo's "w4 #ddf ,h]s*el says t ! sci5ce ( a/ronomy 0 yet 9 its infancy at ! p]iod ( ,newton's dea?1 & aft] all t ,newton _h done = x4 ,:at1 !n1 mu/ we ?9k ( its condition 9 ! h&s ( ,galileo1 ) 8 toy telescope1 8 fallaci\s tidal !ory1 & 8 necess>y ignorance ( ! great discov]ies t foll[$ him8 ,9 #afah1 he publi%$ 8 ,!ory ( ! ,tides4 ,9 #afbc1 he aga9 puts x =w>d 9 a lett] to ,+ulfi2 & f9ally devotes ! f\r? & la/ day ( ! ,dialogue to ! developm5t ( ! same argum5t4 ,nay1 m1 9 ?is dialogue he sc(fs at ! simplicity ( ,kepl]1 :o has _h ! tem]ity1 aft] 8 7,galileo's7 satisfactory explanation ( ! ph5om5a1 to li/5 to su* /uff z ! occult prop]ties ( ! moon's influ5ce on ! tides1 & o!r l pu]ilities6 ,we f9d by ref]5ce to a m>g9al note 9 ! ,padua edition ( ! ,dialogues at ! ,a/or ,libr>y1 t a prelate1 ,girolamo ,borro1 wrote a pamphlet sett+ =? ! !ory ( ! moon's influ5ce on ! tides1 & ,simplicio is made to quote him3 ,e ultimam5te c]to prelato ha publicato un tratello dove dice *e la luna vag&o p] il cielo attrae e solleva v]so di se un cumulo d'acqua1 il quale va cont9ualm5te seguitanclo1 etc4 ,footnote #aea ,footnote #aea3 ,& lately a c]ta9 prelate has publi%$ a pamphlet1 9 :i* he says t ! moon1 trav]s+ ! heav5s1 attracts & draws aft] h] a mass ( wat] :i* cont9ually foll[s1 etc4 ,"h ,sagr$o /ops him abruptly1 say+1 ,= heav5's sake1 ,signor ,simplicio1 let u h no m ( t2 = x is a m]e loss ( "t to li/5 to x1 z well z to confute x1 & y simply d inju/ice to y\r judgm5t by reg>d+ su* or simil> pu]ilities4 ,no wond]1 z ,bailli says1 la f\le d'a/ronomes etai5t c5tre6 ,footnote #aeb ,footnote #aeb3 ,! mass ( a/ronom]s 7 ( ! contr>y op9ion4 ,galileo di$ 9 pr(\nd ignorance ( ! true tidal !ory1 & ! cr$it ( po9t+ x out is ascrib$ by ,mr4 ,dr9kwat] to ! ,college ( ,jesuits at ,coimbra4 ,b m ?an all ?is1 ,galileo _h already made great mi/akes1 & committ$ errors t 7 publicly rectifi$ by 8 contempor>ies4 ,?us1 "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable a/ronomical ph5om5a ( ! age1 ! ?ree comets ( #afah1 0 totally misund]/ood by ,galileo1 :o pron\nc$ !m atmosph]ic meteors4 ,! ,jesuit ,grassi1 9 8 treatise ,de ,tribus ,cometis1 7#afah17 _h ! m]it ( expla9+ :at _h baffl$ ,galileo1 :o at fir/ held !m to be planets mov+ 9 va/ ellipses ar\nd ! sun4 ,*>ity ,= ,all4 ,9 ref]r+ to ^! errors ( ,galileo1 ,laplace says t x w\ld be unju/ to judge him ) ! same rigor z "o :o %\ld refuse at pres5t to believe ! motion ( ! e>?1 confirm$ by ! num]\s discov]ies made 9 a/ronomy s9ce t p]iod4 ,& ,john ,qu9cy ,adams1 9 a memorable disc\rse deliv]$ at ,c9c9nati 9 #ahdc1 says ( ,ty*o ,brahe1 7:o ma9ta9$ t ! e>? is immovable 9 ! c5tre ( ! univ]se17 ,! religion ( ,ty*o 9 ! enc\nt] ) 8 philosophy obta9$ a triumph honorable to him1 b errone\s 9 fact4 ,all :i* maybe v true2 & if ,laplace & ,mr4 ,adams err at all1 !y err c]ta9ly on ! side ( *>ity & k9dness4 #ddg ,b are we to h "o /&>d ( ju/ice = "o class ( m51 & a f> diff]5t "o = ano!r class8 ,is t :i* is excusable 9 an ,italian & honorable 9 a ,dani% a/ronom]1 ignorant1 bigot$1 & vile 9 a c>d9al8 ,or is !re any good reason :y t :i* 9 ,d5m>k is a triumph ( religion %\ld 9 ,rome become a victory ( ignorance8 ,ty*o ,brahe1 9 8 day a pr(\nd a/ronom]1 noble & weal?y1 devot+ 8 :ole life to sci5ce 9 unremitt+ obs]vation ( ! heav5s1 ) ! aid ( ! mo/ complete & co/ly app>atus 9 exi/5ce at ! "t1 might surely be suppos$ to h rea*$ a saf] conclusion ?an an ignorant *ur*man4 ,& h[1 moreov]1 c\ld su* a *ur*man be expect$ to p9 8 fai? to ! sleeve ( an a/ronom] l ,galileo1 ^: errors & blund]s 7 frequ5t & s]i\s1 & :o1 :5 9 8 conjectures he /umbl$ ^u ! tru?1 c\ld h>dly di/+ui% x f error1 & 0 !re=e z likely to give a bad z a good reason = 8 doctr9e8 ,or1 z ,m4 ,biot admirably expresses x1 si l'tat imp>fait de cette sci5ce l'exposait a9si donn] p>fois de mauvaises raisons comme bonnes1 il faut p>donn] ses adv]saires de n'avoir pas pu t\j\rs di/+u] les bonnes des mauvaises4 ,footnote #aec ,footnote #aec3 ,if ! imp]fection ( ?is sci5ce ?us made him liable to give bad reasons = good1 8 adv]s>ies %\ld surely be p>don$ = n always be+ able to di/+ui% ! good f ! bad4 ,anti-,ca?olic controv]siali/s w p]si/ 9 end[+ ! ,galileo p]iod ) an am\nt ( a/ronomical & physical sci5ce t !n _h no exi/5ce4 ,intellig5t1 indu/ri\s1 & le>n$ ! c>d9als ( ,galileo's day c]ta9ly 72 b x is absurd to attribute to !m or to _! times a k ( ! ,cop]nican sy/em1 z aft]w>d expla9$ by ,kepl]1 ,newton1 & two c5turies ( m5 ( sci5ce4 ,kepl]'s ,laws ( ! ,univ]se 7 n publi%$ until #afai1 & ev5 !n1 & long ye>s aft]w>d1 :o c\ld possibly apply !m until ,newton's discov]ies gave !m =ce & au?ority8 ,if our mod]n scioli/s1 :o prattle s mu* ab\t ! ignorant & bigot$ c\rt ( ,rome1 knew en\gh to be a little mode/1 !y might take to he>t ! reflection ( ! great ,engli% essayi/1 & rememb] x is no m]it ( !irs t prev5ts !m f fall+ into ! mi/akes ( a c>d9al ^: p5s !y are n wor?y to m5d4 ,x c]ta9ly 0 ask+ a great deal ( m5 t !y %\ld ab&on settl$ tradition1 ! tea*+s ( au?ority1 ! evid5ce ( _! s5ses1 & ! w>rant ( ,scripture1 z !y und]/ood x1 to embrace a /range1 />tl+1 & incompreh5sible doctr9e1 9 no degree bett] (f 9 demon/ration ?an ! old "o4 ,ev5 ! weight ( sci5tific au?ority 0 9 _! favor1 z is readily se5 :5 we look at ! relative /r5g? ( ,cop]nican & ,anti-,cop]nican4 ,ty*o ,brahe 0 f> f be+ alone 9 8 diss5t f ,cop]nicus & ,galileo4 ,sav+ only ! bright spot made by ,kepl] & a few ( 8 disciples1 all ,g]many1 ,france1 & ,engl& 7 /ill 9 comp>ative d>kness1 & x is difficult to believe t at ! p]iod ( ,galileo's trial !re 7 z _m av[$ ,cop]nicans 9 all ,europe toge!r z 9 ! s+le city ( ,rome4 ,9 ,g]many1 ! new sy/em 0 almo/ univ]sally reject$1 & ,wolfgang ,m5zel1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,g]many1 speaks ( x z die unt] d5 ,prote/ant5 9 ,deuts*l& no* im9] bezweifelte ,wahrheit des ,cop]nikanis*5 ,welt-sy/ems4 ,footnote #aed3 ,footnote #aed3 ,! ev5 yet 7by ,g]man ,prote/ants7 conte/$ tru? ( ! ,cop]nican sy/em4 #ddh ,! frontispiece to ,riccioli's ,almage/um ,novum1 ,a/or ,libr>y copy1 publi%$ 9 #afea1 pres5ts a curi\s illu/ration ( ! preval5t e/imate ( ! new doctr9es4 ,a figure ) a pair ( balances is se5 weigh+ ! ,ty*onian aga9/ ! ,cop]nican sy/em1 & ! tru? ( ! =m] is %[n by its ov]:elm+ prepond]ance4 ,riccioli cites f\rte5 au?ors :o up to t day _h writt5 9 favor ( ! ,cop]nican !ory1 & ?irty-sev5 :o _h writt5 aga9/ x4 ,he adduces sev5ty argum5ts 9 favor ( ! ,ty*onian1 & c f9d b =ty-n9e 9 support ( ! ,cop]nican2 consequ5tly1 ! m]e =ce ( numb]s proves ! improbability ( ! latt]4 ,9 ,france1 ,ramus1 ! ,hugu5ot ,royal ,pr(essor at ,p>is1 utt]ly refus$ ! doctr9e t5 ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,galileo4 ,?omas ,lydiat1 a di/+ui%$ ,engli% a/ronom] ( 8 day1 & s good a s*ol> z to come victori\s out ( a controv]sy on *ronology ) ,scalig]1 op5ly oppos$ ! ,cop]nican sy/em 9 8 ,praelectio ,a/ronomica1 7#afje47 ,9 fact1 no man ( a/ronomical acquirem5ts ( t day1 & = m ?an fifty ye>s aft]w>d1 d>$ risk ! success ( a book by putt+ 9 x any?+ favor+ ! ,cop]nican !ory4 ,ev5 z late z #aegj1 we f9d ,john ,dee1 an ,engli% ,cop]nican1 :o1 despair+ ( ! ignorant prejudice ar\nd him1 w\ld n s mu* z h9t at ! exi/5ce ( ! sy/em 9 8 preface to ,bill+sley's ,euclid4 ,9 ,great ,brita91 ! sy/em 0 discr$it$ by ! illu/ri\s ,gilb]t4 ,milton1 too1 seems to h d\bt$ x4 ,its mo/ active oppon5t 0 ,alex&] ,rosse1 a volum9\s ,scot* writ]1 allud$ to 9 ,hudibras4 ,hume tells u ,"l ,bacon reject$ ! sy/em ( ,cop]nicus ) ! mo/ positive disda94 ,footnote #aee ,x is b fair to say1 ?\gh1 t ?is /atem5t1 l too _m ( ,hume's1 %\ld be qualifi$4 ,x is true t 9 8 ,de ,augm5tis ,bacon says t ! absurdity & complexity ( ! ,ptolemaic sy/em has driv5 m5 to ! doctr9e ( ! e>?'s motion1 :i* is cle>ly false1 quod nobis con/at falsissimum esse2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 9 ! ,novum ,organum1 he di/9ctly speaks ( ! "q ( ! e>?'s motion z "o to be exam9$4 ,n[1 ! latt] "w1 al?\gh publi%$ be=e1 0 writt5 aft] ! ,de ,augm5tis1 :i* is less s]i\s & argum5tative ?an ! ,novum ,organum4 ,footnote #aee3 ,macaulay %\ld h said1 !ory ( ,cop]nicus1 in/ead ( !ory ( ,galileo4 ,bacon nev] cr$it$ ,galileo ) a sy/em1 & did n hold 8 sci5tific m]its 9 mu* e/eem4 ,ev5 9 #agje1 ! ,hon4 ,e4 ,h[>d publi%$ 9 ,london a "w entitl$ ,cop]nicans ( all ,sorts ,convict$4 ,9 #ahjf1 ,m]ci]1 a ,fr5*man1 wrote to prove l'impossibilit des sy/mes de ,cop]nic et de ,newton2 & ev5 s rec5tly z #ahbi an individual 0 f\nd s retrograde z to publi% a "w entitl$ ,! ,univ]se z x is2 :]e9 ! ,hypo!sis ( ! ,e>?'s ,motion is ,refut$1 etc41 by ,w4 ,woodley4 ,! ,undemon/rat$ ,problem4 ,& n[1 hav+ spi$ out ! nak$ness ( ! a/ronomic l& ?r\gh\t ,europe1 let u return = a mom5t to ! sci5tific position ( ! tribunal t tri$ ,galileo4 #ddi ,:at solid pro( 0 pres5t$ to x8 ,none :atev]4 ,& ^? famili> ) ! hi/ory ( a/ronomy w readily recognize ! fact t1 s f> f see+ 9 ! new op9ion a sci5tific novelty1 !y recogniz$ 9 x sub/antially ! old hypo!sis ( ,py?agoras1 :i*1 aft] obta9+ cr$it = m ?an five hundr$ ye>s1 0 triumphantly displac$ by ! ,ptolemaic !ory2 :i* 0 t ! e>? is a solid globe at re/ 9 ! c5tre ( ! univ]se1 ) ! v>i\s planet>y bodies revolv+ 9 l>g] & l>g] circles1 accord+ to ! ord] ( _! di/ances4 ,! new doctr9e _h n ev5 ! =m ( a sy/em3 ',twas nei!r %ape nor feature4 ,inde$1 z has be5 truly said1 x 0 no?+ m ?an a p>adox = ! support ( :i* its au?ors _h to draw ^u _! own res\rces4 ,high a/ronomical au?ority1 ,dlambre1 ?us sums up ! utt] abs5ce ( pro(1 9 ,galileo's "t1 ( ! !ory ( ! e>?'s rotation3 ,:at solid reason c\ld induce ! anci5ts to disbelieve ! evid5ce ( _! s5ses8 ,yes1 & ev5 despite ! imm5se progress :i* a/ronomy has subsequ5tly made1 h ! mod]ns !mselves be5 able to allege any "o direct pro( ( ! diurnal motion ( ! e>?1 previ\s to ! voyage ( ,ri*] to ,cay5ne1 :]e he 0 oblig$ to %ort5 8 p5dulum8 ,h !y be5 able to discov] "o positive demon/ration to ! po9t1 to prove ! annual revolution ( ! e>?1 be=e ,roem] measur$ ! velocity ( light1 & ,bradley _h obs]v$ & calculat$ ! ph5om5a ( ! ab]ration8 ,previ\s to ^! discov]ies1 & t ( univ]sal gravitation1 7 n ! mo/ decid$ ,cop]nicans r$uc$ to m]e probabilities8 ,7 !y n oblig$ to conf9e !mselves to prea*+ up ! simplicity ( ! ,cop]nican sy/em1 z comp>$ ) ! absurd complexity ( t ( ,ptolemy8 ,:at solid reason1 inde$1 c\ld be giv58 ,b ,galileo 9 8 presumption did n consid] himself r$uc$ to m]e probabilities1 &1 rely+ on 8 tidal fallacies & unexpla9$ ph5om5a1 s\ght to pass hypo!sis = dogma1 & 8 ipse dixit = demon/ration4 ,( ! great discov]ies enum]at$ by ,dlambre1 ,galileo 0 necess>ily ignorant1 & we mu/ insi/ ^u ! fact t ! c>d9als & ! ,inquisition 7 equally ignorant ( !m4 ,!re 01 9 reality1 no a/ronomical sci5ce 9 ,galileo's "t wor? speak+ (1 except z we comp>e x ) ! a/ronomy t prec$$ x1 :i* is ! only fair te/ ( its value4 ,comp>$ ) :at ,ptolemy knew1 x 0 twilight4 ,comp>$ ) :at we "k1 x 0 d>kness4 ,x is mod]ate to say t 9 #afcc a/ronomy 0 9 its infancy4 ,to all t 0 !n kn[n1 add ,kepl]'s magnific5t labors1 ,torricelli's discov]y1 ,newton's pr9ciple ( gravitation1 & all ! ,engli% a/ronom] did = sci5ce--come d[n to ! ye> #agbg1 9 :i* he di$1 & :at 0 ! condition ( a/ronomical sci5ce ev5 !n8 ,h]s*el has told u3 ,! legacy ( rese>* :i* 0 left u by ,newton 0 inde$ imm5se4 ,to pursue ?r\gh all its intricacies ! consequ5ces ( ! law ( gravitation2 to acc\nt = all ! inequalities ( ! planet>y movem5ts1 & ! inf9itely m complicat$ & to u m important ones ( ! moon2 & to give1 :at ,newton himself c]ta9ly nev] ent]ta9$ a conception (1 a demon/ration ( ! /ability & p]man5ce ( ! sy/em "u all ! accumulat$ influ5ce ( its int]nal p]turbations2 ?is labor & ?is triumph 7 res]v$ = ! succe$+ age1 & h be5 %>$ 9 succession by ,clairault1 ,d',alemb]t1 ,eul]1 ,lagrange1 & ,laplace4 ,yet s ext5sive is ?is subject1 & s difficult & intricate ! purely ma!matical inquiries to :i* x leads1 t ano!r c5tury may yet be requir$ to g ?r\gh ! task4 #dej ,! ,legacy ,( ,rese>* left by ,newton may truly be call$ imm5se4 ,& ,h]s*el does well to modify 8 /atem5t z to ! triumph1 & po/pone x yet ano!r c5tury4 ,= x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t no a/ronomical sy/em is a /rictly v]ifiable fact4 ,! circulation ( ! blood is a v]ifiable fact1 & x has be5 v]ifi$4 ,no ann\ncem5t ( ! discov]y ( a new demon/ration ( its tru? c\ld n[ attract any att5tion on acc\nt ( its m]its z pro(4 ,n s z to ! e>?'s motion4 ,! pro(s ( t h always be5 m]ely ref]5tial & cumulative4 ,! f9al1 ! cr[n+ po9t ( demon/ration has nev] be5 made1 & probably nev] c be rea*$4 ,:o c say t he ev] saw ! e>? move8 ,h5ce x is t e successive item ( cumulative evid5ce is hail$ ) pleasure & excitem5t4 ,?us 0 x ) ,torricelli's1 ,newton's1 ,ri*]'s1 ,roem]'s1 & ,bradley's discov]ies2 ?us ) all ! brilliant inv5tions 9 me*anics by means ( :i* ! illu/ration & explanations ( ^! discov]ies became possible--explanations :i*1 aft] all1 n "o man 9 a ?\s& c und]/&4 ,po/-,galilean ,a/ronomy4 ,a few words 9 addition to :at we h already said conc]n+ ! great discov]ies made s9ce ,galileo's "t1 & we close4 ,?ree ( ^! discov]ies1 )\t :i* ! ,cop]nican !ory z to demon/ration w\ld be b little bett] (f ?an ! ,ptolemaic1 m]it special m5tion4 ,!y are3 ,fir/4 ,! ,newtonian !ory ( gravitation4 ,second4 ,! discov]y ( ! %ort5$ p5dulum1 %[+ ! diurnal motion ( ! e>?4 ,?ird4 ,! velocity & ab]ration ( light1 %[+ ! annual motion4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to ent] into any detail conc]n+ ! s g5]ally kn[n1 great1 & univ]sal pr9ciple ( gravitation4 ,! ,%ort5$ ,p5dulum4 ,up to ! ye> #afgb1 no d\bt _h be5 ent]ta9$ ( ! sph]ical figure ( ! e>?1 &1 z a consequ5ce1 ( ! equality ( all ! degrees ( ! m]idian2 s t "o be+ kn[n1 ! :ole circumf]5ce 0 det]m9$4 ,9 t ye>1 ! ,fr5* ,academy ( ,sci5ces1 !n occupi$ 9 ! measurem5t ( an arc 9 ! m]idian1 s5t ! a/ronom] ,ri*] to ,cay5ne1 on ! coa/ ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 to make obs]vations ( ! sun's altitude4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ^! obs]vations he 0 surpris$ to f9d t a sup]ior clock1 furni%$ ) a p5dulum :i* vibrat$ seconds1 0 f\nd to lose ne>ly two m9utes & a half a day4 ,! a/oni%m5t creat$ by ! report ( ?is fact 9 ,france 0 v great1 p>ticul>ly aft] ! accuracy ( ! clock _h be5 fully te/$4 #dea ,o!r sci5tific m5 !n visit$ diff]5t po9ts on ! coa/s ( ,africa & ,s\? ,am]ica1 & 7 conv9c$ ( ! absolute necessity ( %ort5+ ! p5dulum to make x vibrate seconds 9 ^? latitudes4 ,! ph5om5on 0 expla9$ by ,newton 9 ! ,?ird ,book ( 8 ,pr9cipia 7#afhg7--see p4 #dji et seq41 ,am]ican edition--:]e he %[s x to be a necess>y consequ5ce ( ! e>?'s rotation on its axis1 & ( ! c5trifugal =ce creat$ by x4 ,t =ce1 9 modify+ ! gravity1 gives to ! e>? an oblate sph]oidal figure1 m elevat$ at ! equator ?an on ! poles1 & makes bodies fall & p5dulums vibrate m sl[ly 9 l[ ?an 9 high latitudes4 ,!re is1 un=tunately1 su* a ?+ z national jeal\sy ev5 9 sci5ce1 & to su* a motive only c we ascribe ! fact t ,newton's explanation 0 n accept$ 9 ,france until pres5t$ by ,huygh5s1 sev]al ye>s aft]w>d1 9 a diff]5t & less accurate =m4 ,! ,velocity ,& ,ab]ration ,( ,light4 ,9 ! entire range ( sci5tific lit]ature1 !re are few *apt]s ( great] int]e/ ?an ^? :i* rec\nt ! rise & gradual developm5t ( all ! pr9ciples involv$ 9 ! triumphant demon/ration ( ^! two beautiful discov]ies4 ,!y admirably illu/rate ! total ignorance ( ,galileo conc]n+ a problem ^u :i* he exp]im5t$ ) utt] failure1 z also ! sl[ pace ( sci5tific progress1 & ! necessity ( ! co-op]ative ef=ts ( _m m5 & _m sci5ces to p]fect x4 ,x requir$ ! g5ius & rese>* ( ,roem]1 ,bradley1 ,molyneux1 ,arago1 ,fizeau1 ,f\cault1 & ,/ruve1 jo9$ to ! pati5t exp]im5t & me*anical skill ( ,brguet1 ,bessel1 & ,graham--! labor ( all ^! m5 ext5d+ ?r\gh a p]iod ( "o hundr$ & n9ety ye>s 7#afgb to #ahfb7--to complete its demon/ration4 ,& fir/1 z to ! velocity ( light4 ,9 #afgb1 ,roem]1 a ,dani% a/ronom] resid+ 9 ,france1 began obs]vations on ! satellites ( ,jupit] & _! eclipses1 :i* result$ 9 ! discov]y ( progressive transmission ( light & ! det]m9ation ( ! value ( its velocity4 ,up to 8 day1 x _h almo/ become a fix$ pr9ciple t ! passage ( light ?r\gh space 0 absolutely in/antane\s4 ,f ! "t ( ,galileo1 an imm5se mass ( exact calculations ( ! eclipses ( ! fir/ satellite ( ,jupit] _h be5 accumulat+1 & ,roem] f\nd t at c]ta9 times ! satellite came out ( ! %ad[ lat]1 & at o!r times soon]1 ?an x %\ld h done1 & ?is v>iation c\ld n be acc\nt$ = on any kn[n pr9ciples4 ,rem>k+ t x always came too late f ! %ad[ :5 ! e>? 9 its annual movem5t 0 at m ?an its mean di/ance f ,jupit]1 & too soon :5 x 0 at less1 he =m$ ! conjecture t light requires an appreciable "t to trav]se space4 ,becom+ satisfi$ ( ! tru? ( 8 !ory1 he1 9 ,septemb]1 #afgf1 ann\nc$ to ! ,fr5* ,academy ( ,sci5ces t an em]sion ( ! fir/ satellite1 to take place1 on ! #af? ( ,novemb] foll[+1 w\ld occur t5 m9utes lat] ?an x %\ld accord+ to ord9>y calculation4 ,! ev5t v]ifi$ 8 pr$iction4 ,nev]!less1 d\bt]s & cavill]s ab\nd$1 & ,roem]'s !ory 0 n accept$ )\t dispute4 ,x 0 claim$ t ! delays & accel]ations 9 ! imm]sions & em]sions1 in/ead ( be+ attribut$ to *ange ( position ( ! obs]v]1 & to ! progressive transmission ( light1 might be reg>d$ z indicat+ a real p]turbation 9 ! movem5t ( ! satellite1 due to a cause n yet discov]$4 #deb ,^! d\bts 7 remov$ fifty ye>s lat] by ! ,engli% a/ronom] ,bradley1 :o discov]$ ! ph5om5on ( ab]ration1 :i* consi/s 9 an app>5t displacem5t :i* all ! />s & planets exp]i5ce on acc\nt ( ! comb9ation ( ! velocity ( ! e>? ) ! velocity ( light4 ,bradley's discov]y 0 accid5tal4 ,a sup]ior in/rum5t1 con/ruct$ by ,graham1 & de/9$ to obs]ve ) ! greate/ precision ! passage ( ! />s ne> ! z5i?1 _h be5 plac$ at ! obs]vatory ( ,kew = ! purpose by ,molyneux4 ,bradley us$ ?is in/rum5t to arrive at "s precise data ( ! annual p>allax ( ! />s4 ,8 fir/ obs]vations l$ him to ! discov]y ( ab]ration1 ! details ( :i*1 ( ! highe/ possible int]e/1 may be f\nd 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions1 ,royal ,society1 ,no4 #djf1 ,decemb]1 #agbh4 ,?us confirm$ by ,bradley1 ,roem]'s progressive transmission ( light became an inconte/able fact4 ,!n foll[$ ! exp]im5ts project$ by ,arago to det]m9e ! velocity ( light1 7#ahch17 :i* = elev5 ye>s rema9$ a m]ely +5i\s sugge/ion1 until realiz$ by ,,mm4 ,f\cault & ,fizeau4 ,f #ahdj to #ahdb1 ,/ruve1 9 ,russia1 made num]\s obs]vations to obta9 ! exact value ( ab]ration4 ,9 #ahef1 ! ,in/itute ( ,france aw>d$ to ,m4 ,fizeau1 = 8 successful demon/ration ( ,arago's sugge/ion1 ! tri5nial prize ( ?irty ?\s& francs f\nd$ by ! emp]or1 = ! "w1 or ! discov]y1 :i*1 9 ! op9ion ( ! five academies ( ! in/itute1 has done mo/ honor & s]vice to ! c\ntry4 ,f9ally1 9 #ahfb1 ,m4 ,f\cault1 p]fect+ 8 app>atus1 measur$ ! velocity ( light by an admirable exp]im5t 9 physics1 :i* r5d]s n only s5sible1 b ev5 measurable1 ! "t employ$ by light to run ov] a pa? ( tw5ty metres1 7#fe feet #g4d in*es17 al?\gh ?is "t b>ely equals #a_/aejjjjjj ( a second6 ,& yet1 aft] all ?is1 !re /ill rema9s a d\bt z to positive c]ta9ty ( accuracy 9 ! calculations4 ,! sun's p>allax1 calculat$ f obs]vations ( ! la/ transit ( ,v5us ov] ! disk ( ! sun 9 #agfi1 is fix$ at #h4eh seconds1 & on ?is basis is asc]ta9$ ! di/ance f ! e>? to ! sun4 ,= reasons too long to detail "h1 _m di/+ui%$ a/ronom]s are n entirely satisfi$ ) ! det]m9ation ( #h4eh seconds1 & pref] to wait = ! next transit ( ,v5us1 9 #ahgd1 = a full & satisfactory solution ( all d\bts on ! subject6 ,conclusion ,& ,a ,proposition4 ,?us1 aft] a lapse ( two hundr$ & ?irty-five ye>s1 fill$ ) unremitt+ labor & triumphant results 9 ! field ( a/ronomical discov]y1 x appe>s f ! %[+ ( ^? mo/ compet5t to judge t some?+ yet rema9s to be produc$ 9 ! way ( demon/ration ( ! a/ronomical sy/em z n[ accept$4 ,we w n ask ^? :o diff] ) u conc]n+ ! ,galileo "q to wait ano!r c5tury--! p]iod assign$ by ,sir ,john ,h]s*el z requisite6 ,h]s*el gave t op9ion 9 #ahbh1 :i* w\ld s5d u to ,a4,d4 #aibh to g ?r\gh ! task4 #dec ,z x might n probably be conv5i5t ei!r = u or = ^? :o diff] ) u to resume ! controv]sy 9 t ye>1 namely1 #aibh1 we w--9 ! _s ( compromise1 & tak+ all ! re/ = grant$--cont5t ourselves ) & abide by ! satisfactory solution promis$ = #ahgd1 to :i* p]iod x w\ld seem prop]1 on sci5tific gr\nds1 to adj\rn any attempt to %[ t a sy/em n yet prov$ 9 #ahfh 01 nev]!less1 fully demon/rat$ 9 #afcc4 ---------- ,out ,( ,! ,dep?s ,h ,i ,cri$ ,unto ,!e ,o ,"l6 ,a ,*ri/mas ,sket*4 ,our blood spla%es upw>d1 ,o our tyrants6 ,& y\r purple %[s y\r pa?1 ,b ! *ild's sob curse? deep] 9 ! sil5ce ,?an ! /rong man 9 8 wra?4 ,if wi%es 7 horses1 begg>s might ride1 says ! prov]b4 ,:at a pity x is t wi%es are n horses6--t at seasons :5 almo/ e tongue drops ! words1 ,a m]ry ,*ri/mas6 ,a happy ,new-,ye>6 ! w %\ld n rise & brea! ! brea? ( life into ^? words2 make !m move1 make !m "w2 put bit & bridle on !m1 & direct !m to g :]e !y are mo/ ne$$4 ,wi%es might !n be made into v excell5t horses1 & begg>s might ride at lea/ once a ye>2 might be lift$ = a day out ( ! mire ( c>e & suff]+ t dulls ! light ( heav5 to _! eyes1 & /ops out ! voices ( heav5 f _! e>s2 lift$ into a belief 9 ! humanity ( man & ! m]cy ( ,god2 might be giv5 a little re/ful j\rney into t easy l& :]e ! ri* dwell e day4 ,!re is m tru? ?an poetry 9 ! l9e1 ,leave u leisure to be good4 ,"o :o has no "t = ?\ght w almo/ c]ta9ly g a/ray2 & m5 & wom5 ^: lives are sp5t 9 fight+ ! wolf f _! doors1 w fight him ) :atev] comes to h&1 & w sometimes cat* up /range weapons4 ,s x might *ance t ^! liv+ wi%es may h w+s also1 & ! begg>'s s\l may rise z well z 8 body4 ,i %\ld l to set a regim5t ( su* wi%es gallop+ d[n ,gr9d /reet ?is com+ ,*ri/mas1 & /opp+ at e door4 ,t 0 a sorr[ful /reet a few ye>s ago1 & ,i don't "k t x has gr[n m]ry s9ce4 ,a tall block ( t5em5t-h\ses wall$ ! nor!rn side f end to end1 leav+ (f s abruptly t1 _h !y be5 writt5 words in/ead ( brick h\ses1 !re w\ld h be5 a ---- aft] !m4 ,inde$1 if ! read] has a fancy = a mis]able pun1 he might say t !re 0 a da% aft] !m1 h\ses be+ sc>ce4 ,a v s5sitive p]son1 on look+ at t block1 w\ld be likely to /raight5 himself up1 draw 8 elb[s close to 8 sides1 & feel z ?\gh 8 nose 0 unnecess>ily l>ge4 ,x is n impossible t he might toe 9 a little 9 walk+1 unless he rea*$ ! next /reet4 #ded ,n a curve 0 visible 9 ! :ole block1 horizontal & p]p5dicul> reign+ supreme4 ,! mean brick front came to ! v edge ( ! sidewalk1 & ! w9d[s & doors 7 z flat z ?\gh !y _h be5 slapp$ 9 ! face :5 9 a s(t /ate4 ,e h\se 0 precisely l e o!r h\se1 & ! only way ( f9d+ any p>ticul> "o 0 by c\nt+ doors4 ,^! h\ses toe ! m>k1 ! build] _h said :5 he look$ on 8 complet$ "w1 /&+ complac5tly ) 8 h&s 9 8 pockets1 & 8 head a little on "o side4 ,toe ! m>k 0 ! "r phrase4 ,! two meagre /eps t l$ to ea* front door sugge/$ ! ?\ght1 & ! :ole _h an air ( s\l ob$i5ce4 ,! t5ants 9 ?is block 7 ( t pitiable class call$ dec5t1 :i* g5]ally means poor2 too indep5d5t to beg1 /ra9+ e n]ve to live respectably1 & mak+ an extra /ra9 to hide ! fir/ "o2 p ^: eyes get a little wild at ! prospect ( sickness1 :o %udd] at ! ?\ght ( a doctor's bill & workless days1 :o sometimes /op _! toil = a mom5t1 & wond] :at may be ! mean+ ( su* words z ease1 cont5tm5t1 pleasure4 ,!re 7 cl]ks & book-keep]s ^: families bur/ out ?r\gh _! incomes 9 e direction2 />v+ arti/s ( all sorts2 & ! re/1 p :o toil$ d[n 9 ! d>k1 at ! f\ndations ov] :i* so>$ ! m>ble palaces ( ! ri*1 d>k5+ heav54 ,^! p _h got 9 a way ( dress+ alike2 !y _h ! same k9d ( curta9s1 & ! same plants /ret*+ besee*+ %oots t[>d ! tantaliz+ l9e ( sun%9e t let itself d[n1 sl[ & gold51 to ! middle ( ! second floor w9d[s1 !n drew back ov] ! ro(s ( ! h\ses opposite1 :ile little fl[]s ( all colors look$ lov+ly & reproa*fully aft] x1 *eat$ s day aft] day1 b nev] q los+ fai? t "s day ! bright-w+$ com=t] w\ld come q d[n to _! he>ts4 ,eyes ( angels1 to :om ^! ro(s & walls 7 transp>5t1 saw1 d\btless1 v>iety en\gh "u ! surface3 aspirations t rea*$ to ! h\se-top & look$ ov]2 aspirations t so>$ ev5 to ! cl\ds & ! />s1 cat*+ a heav5ly lik5ess2 aspirations t /opp$ n at ! />s1 b climb$ s high t _! fl[]s & fruitage hung 9 ! unfail+ sunlight ( heav5 beyond rea* ( e>?ly h&s1 b se5 & t\*$ by ineffable hopes asc5d+ & desc5d+4 ,:at d>k desires crawl+ ^u ! e>? & cov]+ _! own de$s ^? poor eyes look$ ^u1 ,i say n2 :at hate1 deep & bitt]2 :at cank]+ envy & disappo9tm5t2 :at despair1 t ) two te>s blott$ ! univ]se2 :at det]m9ation2 :at /rongly root$ purpose2 :at c>eless philosophy eat+ its cru/ ) a laugh4 ,let ! angels see z !y may1 ) human eyes we w look into "o room1 & f9d our /ory !re4 ,?is room is on ! second floor1 & consequ5tly gets its w9d[s half full ( sun%9e e pleasant aft]noon4 ,! furni%+ ( x %[s t ! occupants _h se5 bett] days2 b ^? days are long pa/1 z y c see by ! %abb9ess ( ev]y?+4 ,!re are evid5ces ( ta/e1 too1 9 a hang+ vase ( ivy1 a voluble can>y1 a few books & pictures2 & ev]y?+ is clean4 #dee ,x 0 a bright gloam+ 9 ,decemb] ( #ahf-1 :5 a woman sat alone 9 ?is room4 ,%e 0 evid5tly an invalid1 look+ m l a porcela9 image ?an a fle%-&-blood woman1 s :ite & transp>5t 0 %e1 s frail ! :ole make ( h]4 ,s(t light-br[n hair fa9tly spr9kl$ ) gray 0 dropp$ beside ea* ?9 *eek1 dovelike eyes ( an unc]ta9 blue look$ sadly out f b5ea? anxi\s br[s1 & ! m\?1 :i* once mu/ h express$ resolution1 n[1 9 its comp>ison1 %[$ only endurance4 ,?is 0 a woman :o _h tak5 up life full ( hope & _s1 b :om life _h turn$ ^u ) bl[ aft] bl[1 till f9ally bo? hope & _s 7 brok54 ,h] days ( ent]prise 7 ov]4 ,%e sat !re ) h] h&s li/lessly fold$1 h] "w fall5 unnotic$ to ! floor1 & h] eyes flu%$ ) weep+4 ,%e _h be5 sitt+ s an h\r1 ev] s9ce a visitor _h left h]2 b1 he>+ a /ep on ! /air & a *ild's voice s++1 %e />t$ up1 wip$ h] eyes1 & m5d$ ! fire1 h] back turn$ t[>d ! door z x op5$4 ,a little girl ( eight ye>s old came 9 & gave h] s*ool-books a toss ^u ! table1 cry+ out1 9 a boi/]\s1 heal?y voice1 ,o "m6 ,i am />v$6 ,give me some?+ to eat4 ,supp] w soon be ready1 ,nell1 ! "m said g5tly1 draw+ out ! table4 ,i c't wait6 cri$ ! *ild4 ,my /oma* is s empty t x feels z if !re 0 a m\se !re gnaw+4 ,y "k we _h no?+ b bread & butt] = d9n]1 & ,i d ?9k t's a mean d9n]4 ,:y don't y h roa/ beef8 ,i "k lots ( girls :o h x e day4 ,we c't af=d x1 ! "m said falt]+ly4 ,beef is v high4 ,well1 :at h y got = supp]8 dem&$ ! *ild4 ,y promis$ u some?+ good4 ,i h no?+ b bread & butt]1 de>4 ,i c\ldn't get any?+ else4 ,well1 ,"m ,lane1 ,i decl>e if t isn't too bad6 ,& ! *ild flung h]self angrily into a *air4 ,we don't h any?+ fit to eat1 & ,i wi% ,i c\ld g & live ) somebody t w\ldn't />ve me4 ,i won't eat bread & butt]1 !re n[6 ,i'm s sick ( x t x *okes me4 ,! "m's face took a deep] %ade1 & h] lip trembl$1 b %e made no reply2 & ,nell sat angrily kick+ h] heels aga9/ ! *air1 & p\t+ h] r$ lips4 ,mrs4 ,lane knew well h[ va9 is ! attempt to tea* a *ild gratitude = ! necess>ies ( life4 ,*ildr5 are grateful only = t :i* is sup]flu\s1 tak+ ! re/ z a matt] ( c\rse1 & !y are n to be blam$ ei!r4 ,= gratitude is a fruit1 & n a fl[]1 & ^? budd+ natures "k n yet :at x means4 ,aft] a little :ile1 ano!r & a l\d] /ep s\nd$ on ! /airs1 ?is "t accompani$ by a :i/le2 & ! door op5$ noisily to give admittance to a boy ( t5 ye>s old1 :o also flung 8 books d[n1 & op5$ 8 cry3 ,"m1 give me "s money1 quick6 ,! oy/]man is j at ! end ( ! /reet1 & ,i c get oy/]s en\gh = our supp] = ?irty c5ts4 ,hurry up1 "m1 or he'll g away6 ,& ! boy p]=m$ a d\ble-%uffle to relieve 8 impati5ce4 ,i c't sp>e ! money1 8 "m said fa9tly4 ,well1 :at h y got = supp]1 !n8 he ask$ fretfully4 ,! "m made no answ]1 & ! boy turn$ to 8 si/] = an explanation4 #def ,bread & butt]6 said ,nell1 ) an air ( f]oci\s s>casm4 ,well1 if ,i ev]6 pron\nc$ h] bro!r1 /&+ /ill ) 8 h&s driv5 emphatically into ! utt]mo/ dep?s ( 8 pockets1 & look+ at 8 "m ) an air at once a/oni%$ & accus+4 ,if we live l ?is1 ,i'll run away2 see if ,i don't6 ,%e turn$ ^u !m ) a look t 0 ei!r desp]ate or angry4 ,*ildr51 wait till y\r si/] comes home4 ,don't ask me = any?+4 ,frank gave ! door a bang1 pull$ 8 cap /ill clos] on to 8 head1 s9ce he ought to h pull$ x (f1 & tak+ a seat by ! w9d[1 sat kick+ 8 *air 9 conc]t ) 8 si/]4 ,! "m cont9u$ h] prep>ations ) ! air ( a culprit wat*$ by h] judges4 ,unhe>d 9 ?is duet ( heels1 a s(t] /ep asc5d$ ! /airs1 & a "y lady op5$ ! door & ent]$1 a smile on h] pretty face1 h] brea? quick5$ & h] color height5$ by ! run up-/airs1 & waves ( yell[ hair drawn back f h] :ite =ehead4 ,%e toss$ h] hat aside1 & sank into a *air4 ,!re1 "m1 ,i d feel tir$ & hungry1 %e said2 !n1 cat*+ a glimpse ( h] "m's face1 />t$ up1 exclaim+1 ,:at is ! matt]8 ,mr4 ,sanborn has be5 "h1 ,mrs4 ,lane answ]$ un/eadily1 )\t look+ up4 ,! daught]'s c\nt5ance %[$ h] anticipation ( evil news4 ,& :at ( t8 %e ask$4 ,he has rais$ ! r5t1 0 ! fa9t answ]4 ,h[ mu*8 ,eight doll>s a mon?8 ,impossible6 cri$ ! daught]1 flu%+ ) excitem5t4 ,we pay n[ all t ! ?ree rooms are wor?4 ,he kn[s :at my sal>y is1 & t ,i _c give any m4 ,he says he c get t = ! rooms1 h] "m said4 ,!n we w g else:]e6 ,we _c6 :isp]$ ! "m despair+ly1 = ! fir/ "t rais+ h] woeful eyes4 ,e place is full4 ,!y are go+ to te> d[n h\ses to wid5 two or ?ree /reets1 & ,mr4 ,sanborn says t p w h to g out ( t[n to live4 ,:at are we to d6 exclaim$ ! girl1 pac+ excit$ly to & fro4 ,we only j manag$ to get along be=e4 ,did y tell him1 "m8 ,i told him ev]y?+1 ,anne2 & he said t he 0 v sorry1 b t 8 family 0 an exp5sive "o1 & x co/ him a good deal to live2 &1 9 %ort1 t he mu/ h ! eight doll>s m4 ,he is a villa96 cri$ ,anne ,lane4 ,& ,i w tell him s4 ,i %\ld ?9k 8 family 0 an exp5sive "o4 ,look at _! velvets1 & laces1 & silks6 ,look at _! pictures & _! curta9s6 ,"o ( my s*ol>s told me to-day t ,m9nie ,sanborn said !y 7 go+ to h a ,*ri/mas-tree t w co/ five hundr$ doll>s4 ,?9k ( t6 ,& ?is is ! way !y pay = x6 ,don't say any?+ to him1 ,anne1 plead$ h] "m1 9 a fright5$ tone4 ,rememb]1 he is "o ( ! committee1 & c take y\r s*ool away f y4 ,! "y tea*]'s c\nt5ance fell4 ,x 0 true2 h] employm5t did1 9 "s measure1 dep5d on ! good-w ( ?is man4 ,%e *ok$ ) ! ?\ght1 !n broke out aga94 ,! hypocrite6 ,i h se5 him at pray]-meet+s1 & he>d him make long pray]s & pi\s spee*es4 #deg ,! "m sigh$1 & rema9$ sil5t4 ,%e _h be5 wont to *eck h] daught]'s some:at free animadv]sions1 & to make an ef=t1 at lea/1 to def5d !m ( :om ,anne said1 ,_! life laughs ?r\gh & spits at _! cre$2 b n[ ! bitt] tru? came too ne>4 ,!re 0 a mom5t ( sil5ce1 ! *ildr5 sitt+ /ill & aw$1 ! "m wait+ despond5tly1 :ile ! fa!rless girl1 :o 0 ! sole dep5d5ce ( ! h\sehold1 did "s rapid bra9-"w4 ,y ?9k he really means x1 "m8 %e ask$1 )\t paus+ 9 h] walk4 ,yes1 !re is no hope4 ,i almo/ w5t on my knees to him4 ,!re ! wid['s self-control broke d[n sudd5ly1 &1 putt+ h] h&s ov] h] face1 %e bur/ into a passion ( te>s4 ,x is a t]rible ?+ to see "o's "m cry 9 t way2 to see h]1 :o soo!d our *ildi% sorr[s1 :o seem$ to u ! f\nta9 ( all com=t1 h]self sorr[+1 :ile we h no com=t to give4 ,anne ,lane's face grew pale ) pa91 & x seem$ = a mom5t t %e1 too1 w\ld lose c\rage4 ,b %e 0 a brave girl1 & love /r5g!n$ h]4 ,!re1 !re1 "m6 %e said4 ,don't cry6 ,i guess we c make out "s way4 ,c\ldn't we d ) two rooms8 ,i c\ld sleep ) y & ,nell1 & ,frank c\ld h a pill[ out "h on ! s(a4 ,i ?\ght ( t1 ! "m sobb$ dre>ily4 ,b he said t ! rooms g toge!r4 ,! girl's brea? came l t ( "s wild creature at bay4 ,!n we mu/ draw 9 our exp5ses some:]e4 ,we mu/ give up our seats 9 *ur*1 & ,i w d ! wa%+4 ,i meant to d ! wa%+1 de>1 h] "m said eag]ly4 ,& p]haps ,i might get "s "w out ( ! %ops4 ,y "k ,i h a good deal ( "t to sp>e4 ,ev5 z %e spoke1 a %>p c\gh broke ?r\gh h] words1 & h] face flu%$ pa9fully4 ,no1 "m1 no6 ! daught] said1 resolutely hold+ back h] te>s4 ,y are n able to "w4 ,j leave t to me4 ,wa%+ makes r\nd arms1 & ,i f9d my elb[s gett+ a little %>p4 ,i c save money & br+ ! dimples back at ! same "t4 ,!re 0 a knock at ! door1 & _! laundress came 91 a sob]1 s5sible-look+ ,iri%woman4 ,good-ev5+1 ma'am6 ,good-ev5+1 miss6 ,no1 ,i won't sit d[n4 ,i mu/ g home & take my "y ones (f ! /reet1 & give 'em a bit ( supp]4 ,i j /epp$ 9 to see if y want y\r wa%+ done to-morr[4 ,mrs4 ,lane look$ appeal+ly to h] daught] to answ]4 ,we are sorry1 ,mrs4 ,conn]s1 ,anne said1 b we %all h to d our own wa%+1 ?is w9t]4 ,o ,"l6 cri$ ! woman1 lean+ aga9/ ! wall4 ,!re is no help = x1 ! girl cont9u$1 almo/ %>ply1 feel+ t _! own di/resses 7 en\gh = !m to be>4 ,our r5t has be5 rais$1 & we mu/ save all we c4 ,oh6 :at'll ,i d1 at all8 exclaim$ ! woman1 lift+ bo? h&s4 ,:y1 ! be/ y c2 j z we d1 0 ! impati5t reply4 ,mrs4 ,conn]s look$ at !m att5tively1 & = ! fir/ "t p]ceiv$ signs ( tr\ble 9 _! faces4 #deh ,! ,"l pity u6 %e said4 ,i don't blame y4 ,b my r5t is rais$1 too4 ,i've got to pay five doll>s a mon? = ! rooms ,i h1 & ,i don't "k :]e ,i'll get x4 ,x's little ,i ?\ght to come to ?is :5 ,patrick 0 alive--! ,"l h m]cy on him6 ,! la/ ?+ he said to me :5 he w5t away to ,cali=nia 01 ',m>g>et1 keep up c\rage1 & don't let ! *ildr5 on ! /reet2 & ,i'll s5d y money en\gh to live on2 & ,i'll soon come back & buy u a little f>m4' ,& all ,i ev] he>d ( him1 s9ce ! day he left me1 is ! news ( 8 dea?4 ,n[ ,i'll h to take ! *ildr5 & g to ! poor-h\se4 ,all ,i c\ld d la/ w9t] only kept _! m\?s full1 let alone r5t4 ,i c\ldn't put a /it* on !m nor me2 & y w\ldn't believe h[ cold ,i am ) no /ock+s to my feet1 & little en\gh "u my rag ( a dress4 ,i c\ldn't buy coal nor wood4 ,! *ildr5 pick$ up /icks 9 ! /reet1 & aft] my "w 0 ov] ,i _h to g d[n to ! dump1 & pick coal till my back 0 broke4 ,:o is y\r l&lord8 ,mrs4 ,lane ask$4 ,mr4 ,mahan--,&rew ,mahan1 t lives 9 a big h\se 9 ! squ>e4 ,& he asks five doll>s = two rooms 9 t %anty1 t's squeez$ into a bit ( a place :]e no?+ else w\ld g4 ,besides1 ! h\se is s old t ! rats h ate x half up1 & :at's left ,i c\ld c>ry (f on my back 9 a day4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,mahan came to-day1 8 dog crawl$ ?r\gh ! door be=e x 0 op5$4 ,i said to him1 says ,i1 ',sir1 :5 ! w9d & ! ra9 take possession ( a h\se1 x belongs to ,god1 & no man has a "r to ask r5t = x4' ,y see1 ,i 0 mad4 ,& s 0 he1 by t same tok54 ,b he is an ,iri%man1 & a memb] ( y\r own *ur*1 said ,anne4 ,& :y n8 dem&$ ! woman4 ,d y ?9k t ,yankees are ! only ones t gr9d ! poor8 ,yes1 ,mr4 ,mahan is ri*1 & he lives 9 /yle1 & s5ds 8 daught]s to a conv5t s*ool 9 ,montreal4 ,& (t5 ,i've se5 him 9 *ur*1 dress$ 9 8 broad-clo?s1 & beat+ 8 brea/1 ) 8 face ! l5g? ( my arm1 & call+ himself a s9n]2 & tro?1 ,i ?\ght to myself1 't's true = ye6' ,anne ,lane w5t into h] s*ool-room ! next morn+ ) a burn+ he>t1 & x did n soo! h] feel+s to see ,mr4 ,sanborn1 h] l&lord1 appe> at ! door1 a few m9utes aft]1 smil+ly escort+ a cl]ical-look+ /rang]1 :o _h come to visit ! s*ool4 ,mr4 ,sanborn1 ?\gh n an educat$ man1 *ose to consid] himself a patron ( education2 made himself exce$+ly consequ5tial 9 s*ool affairs1 & _h n[ br\ght a di/+ui%$ visitor to see 8 pet s*ool1 ! ,excelsior4 ,anne ,lane _h "o ( ! %[-classes1 & he began ! exhibition ) h]4 ,comm5ce1 & g on ) y\r ex]cises j z if !re 7 no "o "h1 he said1 ) a patroniz+ smile1 aft] !y _h tak5 _! seats4 ,?is g5tleman wi%es to see ! ord9>y daily work+ ( our sy/em4 ,! fir/ ex]cise 0 a read+ f ! ,bible1 & a pray] by ! tea*]1 & ,anne's f+]s 7 un/eady z %e turn$ ov] ! leaves = a *apt]4 ,h] eyes sp>kl$ z %e caught sight ( "o1 & h] pulses t+l$ z %e read1 h] f9e1 delib]ate enunciation & /rong emphasis arre/+ fully ! att5tion ( h] he>]s3 ,times are n hid f ! ,almighty3 b !y t "k him1 "k n 8 days4 ,"s h remov$ l&m>ks1 h tak5 away flocks by =ce1 & f$ !m4 #dei ,!y h viol5tly robb$ ! fa!rless1 & /ripp$ ! poor common p4 ,!y h tak5 _! re/ at noon among ! /ores ( !m1 :o aft] hav+ trodd5 ! w9e-presses suff] ?ir/4 ,out ( ! cities !y h made m5 to groan2 & ,god w n suff] x to pass unrev5g$4 ,curs$ be 8 portion ^u ! e>?3 let him n walk by ! way ( ! v9ey>ds4 ,let him pass f sn[-wat] to excessive heat1 & 8 s9 ev5 to hell4 ,let m]cy =get him3 may worms be 8 sweetness2 let him be rememb]$ no m1 b be brok5 9 pieces l an unfruitful tree4 ,clos+ ! book !n1 ,anne ,lane dropp$ h] face into h] %ak+ h&s1 & repeat$1 almo/ inaudibly1 ! ,"l's pray]4 ,mr4 ,sanborn 0 n dull1 b he 0 incr$ul\s4 ,x 0 almo/ impossible t ?is little s*ool-mi/ress w\ld d>e to mean him4 ,yet t new /]nness 9 ! "y face1 ord9>ily s smil+1 ! passion 9 h] voice1 ) ! remembrance ( 8 la/ int]view ) ,mrs4 ,lane1 altoge!r made up a pretty /rong case aga9/ h]4 ,%e makes a /range selection f ! ,scriptures to read to *ildr51 :isp]$ ! /rang] to him1 z ,anne hurri$ly w5t ?r\gh ) ! fir/ recitations4 ,v /range1 sir6 v /range6 answ]$ ! o!r1 /amm]+ ) ang]4 ,& :at is worse1 x is int5d$ z an insult to me4 ,i h f\nd x necess>y to raise ! r5t ( my h\ses4 ,%e is a t5ant ( m9e1 & ?is is h] rev5ge4 ,i hope1 sir1 t if y h any?+ to say on ! subject1 y w n hesitate to speak freely4 ,! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,m>kham sat & consid]$ ! case1 lay+ d[n c]ta9 po9ts 9 8 m9d4 ,fir/ly1 wom5 %\ld be sweet1 humble1 & mode/4 ,secondly1 sweetness1 mode/y1 & humility1 ) firmness & pati5ce1 %\ld especially *>act]ize a tea*] ( y\?4 ,?irdly1 p]sons 9 au?ority1 cl]gym51 s*ool-committee m51 etc41 %\ld be treat$ ) scrupul\s respect by all _! subord9ates4 ,! rev]5d g5tleman put on 8 spectacles1 ! bett] to see ?is "y woman :o _h s boldly veto$ 8 fundam5tal doctr9es4 ,%e held h]self v erect1 no mode/ droop :atev]2 !re 0 a little flick] ( heat-lightn+ 9 h] eyes1 & a /eady1 d>k-r$ spot on ea* *eek2 moreov]1 %e _h r$ hair4 ,v]dict = ! pla9tiff4 ,%e mu/ h a reprim&1 a w>n+1 &1 on repetition ( ! (f5ce1 mu/ be in=m$ t %e is no long] consid]$ a suitable p]son to m\ld ! m9ds ( y\?4 ,poor little ,anne ,lane6 ,?is great1 /upid1 conceit$ man did n dream t h] a*+ he>t 0 lad5 ) sweetness z a hive ) honey1 & t :at he call$ a sweet woman 0 a sug>-coat$ woman4 ,he did n all[ t !re might be "s exceptions to 8 ?ird rule4 ,! reprim& 0 deliv]$ pitilessly1 ! w>n+ made suffici5tly pla9 !n1 ! two g5tlem5 )drew1 leav+ ! tea*] pale & /unn$4 ,! visitor _h tak5 ! colde/ possible leave1 & ,mr4 ,sanborn _h n notic$ h] at all4 ,oh6 :y did ,i yield to ang]8 %e ?\ght1 9 t]ror & di/ress4 ,:at "r h ! poor to feel+s1 to ?\ghts8 ,h[ d>e !y d5\nce wrong1 ev5 :5 !y die by x8 ,:at 0 ,i ?9k+ (8 ,a ?rill ( pa9 ran ?r\gh h] e n]ve at ?is la/ "q4 #dfj ,%e _h be5 ?9k+ all ! "t ( h] "m's sobb+ words1 ,i almo/ w5t on my knees to him6 ,! mon? crept on t[>d ,*ri/mas4 ,unkn[n to h] daught]1 ,mrs4 ,lane _h sp5t day aft] day go+ ab\t ! %ops & va9ly solicit+ "w4 ,%e _h n suffici5t clo?+ to protect h] f ! wea!r2 %e 0 weak5$ by sorr[ & anxiety1 & ! disease1 :i* _h long be5 ?reat5+ & rea*+ out = h]1 made a f9al grasp4 ,) a t]ror1 all ! m t]rible 9 t %e c\ld n speak ( x1 %e felt h] lungs give way & h] brea? gr[ %ort]4 ,:at w\ld h] "y *ildr5 d )\t h]8 ,if %e %\ld be long ill1 h[ 7 ! doctor's bills to be paid8 ,h[ 7 ! fun]al exp5ses to be met8 ,:at cru%+ burd51 beside ! sorr[1 0 %e go+ to lay ^u ! already burd5$ %\ld]s ( h] poor little girl8 ,%e only pray$ t ! bl[ might fall swiftly4 ,poor p c't af=d to die leisurely4 ,"o day1 ab\t a week be=e ,*ri/mas1 ,anne came home & f\nd h] "m ly+ s5seless ^u ! floor4 ,mrs4 ,lane _h held up z long z %e c\ld1 & n[ h] p[]s ( endurance 7 gone4 ,b %e _h h] pray]1 = ! bl[ fell swiftly4 ,on ,*ri/mas morn+ all h] tr\bles pass$ away4 ,*ri/mas ev5+ came1 & all 0 /ill 9 ! h\se4 ,! neighbors _h k9dly done :at !y c\ld1 & two ( !m sat ) ! lifeless =m ( :at _h once be5 ! "m ( ^! *ildr54 ,frank & ,nell _h cri$ !mselves to sleep1 & ,anne 0 left ) ! night ^u h] h&s4 ,%e c\ld n sleep1 & %e c\ld n pray4 ,! fai? t com=ts 9 sorr[ %e knew n4 ,%e _h wept till h] head reel$1 & ! air ( ! h\se /ifl$ h]4 ,i mu/ get out & take ! air1 or ,i %all g crazy1 %e ?\ght4 ,&1 dress+ ha/ily1 %e w5t out into ! bright & fro/y night4 ,%e w&]$ aimlessly ab\t ! /reets1 sc>cely kn[+ :]e %e w5t2 n c>+1 inde$1 s long z %e walk$ & felt ! w9d 9 h] face4 ,*ri/ on e>?8 %e ?\ght4 ,i don't believe x6 ,x's all a fable4 ,on h] way %e met ,mrs4 ,conn]s1 weep+ bitt]ly4 ,%e 0 go+ to ! wat*-h\se aft] h] little girl4 ,biddy _h /ol5 a turkey f a %op-w9d[1 & a policeman _h caught h]4 ,x is ! fir/ ?+ ! *ild ev] /ole1 ! poor woman said2 & :at made h] d x 0 hung]4 ,we hav5't _h a ta/e ( meat 9 ! h\se ?is mon?1 & poor ,biddy he>d ! o!r girls tell :at !y _h = d9n]1 & x made h] mad4 ,anne li/5$ z "o 9 a dream1 & w5t on )\t a ^w4 ,pres5tly %e came into a %>p gl>e ( light t fell across ! sidewalk f a brilliantly illum9at$ w9d[4 ,%e paus$ to look 91 n because %e c>$ :at x 01 b because %e long$ = di/raction4 ,!re 0 a long suite ( p>lors1 %[ily if n ta/efully furni%$1 & fill$ ) a gay company1 _m ( !m *ildr54 ,9 ! f>!/ end ( ! rooms /ood a magnific5t ,*ri/mas-tree1 deck$ ) color$ c&les1 fl[]s1 & fruits1 & hang+ full ( pres5ts4 ,! company 7 all assembl$ ab\t ! tree1 &1 z %e look$1 a smil+ g5tleman /epp$ up1 ) ! air ( a ho/1 & began to di/ribute ! ,*ri/mas gifts4 ,anne ,lane's he>t /ood /ill :5 %e recogniz$ ,mr4 ,sanborn4 #dfa ,o y murd]]6 %e moan$1 z %e sank exhau/$ on ! icy /eps4 ,y\r c&les & y\r fl[]s are r$ ) my "m's blood6 ,:5 ! ,*ri/mas angels look$ d[n ^u ! e>? t night to see h[ f>$ ! millions1 to :om 9 ! morn+ !y _h sung _! song ( joy1 _! eyes beheld alike ! ri* man 9 8 p>lor & ! /rick5 girl :o lay outside 8 door4 ,did !y record ( him t he _h kept ! fea/1 & wor?ily rememb]$ "o :o came t day to fill ! hungry ) good ?+s8 ,or did !y write aga9/ him ! fe>ful judgm5t :i* _h once already s\nd$ 9 8 e>s1 ,let m]cy =get him3 ,let him be rememb]$ no m8 ---------- ,! ,g5]al ,conv5tion ,( ,! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,! ,g5]al ,conv5tion ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 :i* has j clos$ its labors1 0 look$ =w>d to ) mu* int]e/ by all ,episcopalians4 ,ea* ( ! two important sections ( :i* _! communion is compos$ 0 anxi\s = a bett] explanation ( "s disput$ po9ts1 or1 at lea/1 = a v9dication ( its own int]pretation ( doctr9e4 ,x 0 suppos$ t some?+ w\ld be settl$ 9 reg>d to ! _m vex$ que/ions ( dogma & ritual :i* p]plex ! public no less ?an ! memb]s ( ! *ur* itself4 ,= ev5 ! public are int]e/$ to "k :at a *ur* believes & pr(esses1 & especially if t *ur* makes any pret5sions to au?ority4 ,on a c>eful review1 h[ev]1 ( ! j\rnal1 we believe t1 :ile a few are gratifi$1 _m are disappo9t$4 ,"s are gratifi$ t no direct attack 0 all[$ aga9/ _! own favorite op9ions2 :ile bo? ,high-,*ur*m5 & ,l[-,*ur*m5 /& precisely :]e !y /ood be=e1 no ne>] ea* o!r1 & no bett] satisfi$ ) ! condition ( ?+s4 ,mod]ation1 we are told1 is ! *>act]i/ic ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 by :i* we are l$ to und]/& ! sweet bl5d+ ( contr>ieties & contradictions1 & ! p]mission to e "o to believe :at approves itself to 8 private judgm5t4 ,ca?olics c h>dly compreh5d su* a h>mony 9 discord1 or discord 9 h>mony4 ,ev5 c&id m9ds1 ) no religi\s bias1 are unable to appreciate h[ contr>y doctr9es c be held 9 "o & ! same *ur*1 & by equal au?ority4 ,our own op9ion ( ?is conv5tion is1 t x has accompli%$ no?+ = doctr9e1 no?+ to heal ! disputes ( its memb]s1 v little = discipl9e1 & n v mu* = ! ext5sion ( ! ,episcopal communion1 al?\gh "s ( ! plans propos$ are good 9 !mselves4 ,we /rongly incl9e to ?9k t v _m ,episcopalians w co9cide ) our judgm5t4 ,"u ^! ?ree heads--( doctr9e1 discipl9e1 & *ur* ext5sion--let u briefly review ! labors ( ! conv5tion4 #dfb ,i4 ,x seems t ! ,nic5e ,cre$ 0 "u consid]ation1 & t !re 0 a /rong int5tion to re/ore x to its orig9al =m2 b ! ,*ur* ,record says t x 0 left unt\*$ = ! pres5t4 ,if ?is important & anci5t symbol _h be5 alt]$1 !re w\ld h be5 q an advance 9 doctr9e4 ,a committee has be5 appo9t$ to prep>e an accurate translation f ! orig9al ,greek = ! use ( ! next conv5tion4 ,x !re=e bides its "t1 :5 ! same body :i* expung$ ! ,a?anasian ,cre$ may leave out ! prop] doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity1 or ! procession ( ! ,holy ,gho/ f ! ,son1 or ! communion ( sa9ts1 or any o!r po9t ( ,*ri/ian dogma4 ,nev]!less1 by ?is conv5tion no?+ 0 done on ?is subject4 ,! project ( bracket+ ^? portions ( ! ,pray]-,book :i* embody ! doctr9e ( baptismal reg5]ation 0 n favor$ by ! committee on canons2 & a motion to ref] a proposition = /rik+ out ! words1 ,:osesoev] s9s ?\ do/ remit1 !y are remitt$1 0 v summ>ily dispos$ (4 ,x 0 decid$ n to alt] any?+1 to leave reg5]ation 9 ! baptismal s]vice = ! gratification ( ,high-,*ur*m51 & also ! d5ial ( x 9 ! ,articles = ! consolation ( ,l[-,*ur*m54 ,?is 0 ! wise/ c\rse1 & on ?is po9t we record ) satisfaction1 ,no?+ done4 ,z to ! ord9al1 ! bi%ops are n oblig$ to say1 ,^: s9s ?\ do/ remit1 etc41 :5 !y d n believe x1 z x is only to be us$ at option1 & c !re=e put ! :ole (f5sive doctr9e 9 _! pockets4 ,:y1 !n1 %\ld ! wisdom ( an ecclesia/ical body be di/urb$ on a m]e matt] ( op9ion8 ,"h1 aga91 no?+ 0 done4 ,s by ! conv5tion 9 bo? ord]s1 no?+ has be5 done 9 ! way ( doctr9e1 save to leave all matt]s precisely z !y 71 9 full fre$om = bo? sides4 ,& "h an anecdote comes =cibly to our memory :i* illu/rates ! mod]ation & lib]ty ( ! ,episcopal communion4 ,a "y c&idate 0 "u exam9ation = deacon's ord]s be=e "o ( ! olde/ & wise/ ( ! ,high-,*ur* bi%ops4 ,h[1 said t prelate1 d y receive ! ,?irty-n9e ,articles8 ,i receive !m1 said ! c&idate1 9 su* a way z n to contradict ! re/ ( ! ,pray]-,book4 ,p]fectly "r1 repli$ ! bi%op2 & moreov]1 x is ! ,g5]al ,conv5tion :i* imposes ! articles ^u y1 & ?is body is compos$ ( all degrees ( *ur*m51 f ^? :o hang on ! walls ( ,rome to ^? :o brea! ! atmosph]e ( ,g5eva4 ,betwe5 ^! two extremes1 my son1 y h p]fect lib]ty4 ,& ! "y man 0 made a deacon1 & w5t away rejoic+ t he _h fre$om ( consci5ce & a wide range ( op9ion1 :i* he c]ta9ly _h4 ,b if ! ,l[] ,h\se1 consi/+ ( m9i/]s & laym51 has be5 s prud5t1 ! ,upp] ,h\se has t]ribly committ$ itself4 ,9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* ! bi%ops alone are all[$ to give judicial op9ions 9 doctr9e2 :ile among ! ,episcopalians1 we believe t bo? h\ses ( ! conv5tion are equally au?oritative1 &1 t "o has a negative ^u ! o!r4 ,:at ! bi%ops h done1 !re=e1 does n propose to b9d ! consci5ce ( any "o1 we presume2 yet c]ta9ly _! solemn pa/oral ought to be receiv$ ) great respect1 & be consid]$ at lea/ z an indication ( ! doctr9al position ( _! *ur*4 ,9 ?is pa/oral1 we f9d "s rem>kably int]e/+ po9ts1 9 reg>d to :i*1 ?\gh we may say no?+ 0 done1 we _c say no?+ 0 spok54 #dfc ,?is address to ! :ole ,episcopalian body ass]ts fir/ t ! inc>nate ,god ha? committ$ ! great commission :]e) he came into ! _w to fallible m54 ,:at1 !n1 is to prev5t ! utt] failure ( ?is great commission1 & ! complete ru9 ( all ,*ri/'s "w8 ,to 8 m9i/]s1 sai? ! pa/oral1 ?us weak & subject to error1 he ha? giv5 8 infallible ^w1 t1 )\t p]il ( mislead+ _! flock1 !y may in/ruct !m ) all au?ority by speak+ always accord+ to ! ,scriptures4 ,:o is to "k1 !n1 t ^! m9i/]s speak accord+ to ! ,scriptures1 especially :5 !y diff] "o f ano!r8 ,bi%op ,lee spoke v pla9ly at ! op5+ ( ! conv5tion1 & 8 int]pretation ( ! ,scriptures gave "s (f5ce4 ,common s5se pauses = a reply4 ,ea* "o mu/ decide = himself :e!r 8 m9i/] speaks accord+ to ! ,bible2 & ?is be+ grant$ 7:i* is ! fundam5tal position ( all ,prote/ant bodies7 we d n see ! use ( m9i/]s1 mu* less ( bi%ops1 mu* less ( a c\ncil ( bi%ops4 ,*ri/'s great commission1 accord+ to ! ,episcopalian prelates1 h+es on ! *ance t ! ,bible w be circulat$ & rightly int]pret$4 ,! hi/ory ( religion s9ce ! ,re=mation does n cause u to ?9k mu* ( ?is *ance4 ,! next po9t ass]t$ 9 ! pa/oral is ! necessity ( communion ) ! visible *ur*4 ,x is inde$ ass]t$ some:at equivocally1 & ) a caveat1 t ! prop] individuality ( e s\l mu/ n be m]g$ 9 its corporate relations to ! body ( ,*ri/1 an expression :i* we d n at all und]/&4 ,h[ ! m]g+ is to be accompli%$ we d n see1 unless by "s physical process1 & we are v glad ! bi%ops d n recomm5d x4 ,yet !y say t ! necessity ( memb]%ip 9 ! communion ( :i* ,*ri/ is ! head1 is a tru? ( vital importance4 ,we presume !y mean "h a union ) ! visible body ( ,*ri/1 = o!rwise !y w\ld really ass]t no?+1 s9ce :at ,*ri/ian d5ies ! necessity ( union ) ,*ri/8 ,& aga91 :]e w\ld be ! dang] ( m]g+ an individual 9 an invisible body8 ,b !n comes ! great "q1 ,:]e is ! body ( ,*ri/1 ) :i* memb]%ip is necess>y8 ,d ! bi%ops mean to say x is ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 & t x is necess>y to belong to _! communion 9 ord] to be sav$8 ,we d n really "k :at !y mean1 b are q p]suad$ t !y d n int5d to un*ur* all ! re/ ( mank9d1 & h5ce come to ! conclusion t ^! words are to be tak5 9 a figurative s5se1 t hav+ spok5 mu* !y h said no?+4 ,n[ comes ! great tr\ble :i* oppresses ! prelates4 ,! unscriptural & unca?olic pret5sions ( ! ,bi%op ( ,rome1 z 9 times pa/1 s n[1 are a fruitful s\rce ( error & evil4 ,! pope has done all ! mis*ief1 he did x 9 ! e>ly times1 he did x 9 ! middle ages1 & he w keep do+ x n[4 ,:at is x t he does :i* is ! b> to ! re/oration ( ! unity ( ,*ri/5dom8 ,:y1 he fulfils ! promise ( our ,"l3 ,?\ art ,pet]1 & on ?is rock ,i w build my *ur*4 #dfd ,!re is no visible body )\t a head1 & he is t head by ! appo9tm5t ( ,*ri/4 ,we ?9k ! blame ought to be laid ^u him :o f\nd$ ! *ur* & made ! ,papacy4 ,he made 8 *ur* to be "o1 ) "o head1 :5 x seems t he ought to h made x capable ( division4 ,! bi%ops !n urge ^u _! bre?r5 to tea* t ,jesus ,*ri/ is ! liv+ c5tre ( unity2 t 8 true vic> is ! ,holy ,gho/2 t ! visible expression ( ca?olic unity is ! apo/les' doctr9e & fell[%ip1 ! break+ ( bread & pray]s4 ,is x ! ,engli% language :i* "h we read1 & is x our "m-tongue :i* ?us is made to confuse our m9ds8 ,if any "o und]/&s ^! phrases1 we complim5t him ^u 8 sagacity4 ,we d n hone/ly believe t ! v5]able prelate :o wrote !m kn[s :at he means1 or int5ds o!rs to "k4 ,jesus ,*ri/ is ! liv+ c5tre ( unity4 ,c]ta9ly2 b we h be5 speak+ ( a visible unity1 & ,jesus ,*ri/ is n visible to u4 ,! vic> ( ,*ri/ is ! ,holy ,gho/1 a s+ul> (fice = ! ?ird p]son-( ! undivid$ ,tr9ity1 & he is n visible ei!r4 ,! invisible ,*ri/ has an invisible vic> on e>?1 & ?is is ! coequal & coet]nal ,_s6 ,! visible expression ( ,ca?olic unity is ! apo/les' doctr9e & fell[%ip1 ! break+ ( bread & pray]s4 ,oh6 = ! good & hone/ he>t among ! ,episcopalians to see t ^! words are empty s\nds :i* mean no?+ at all4 ,:]e is ! apo/les' doctr9e & fell[%ip8 ,is x 9 ! ,episcopal ,*ur* alone1 & if n1 :]e is x8 ,! bi%ops ought to h said t _! doctr9e 0 ! apo/les'1 t _! fell[ %ip 0 ! apo/les'1 or if !y _h d\bts on ! po9t1 !y %\ld h told u unequivocally :]e to f9d ^! important & absolutely necess>y expressions ( ca?olic unity4 ,we are "h rem9d$ ( an old negro :o 9 our "y days us$ to speak ,lat9 flu5tly2 b z 8 phrases 7 made up ( plural g5itives1 we c\ld only he> ! sonor\s ,bonorum1 filiorum1 malorum1 optimorum1 )\t compreh5d+ "o s+le ^w4 ,9 l mann]1 ) at lea/ ! common intellig5ce :i* ,god has giv5 u1 we d n compreh5d ?is pa/oral1 unless x really means1 9 circumlocution1 to say no?+4 ,! bi%ops !n g on to def5d ! ,anglican re=mation1 & hold up to condemnation ! attempts made by "s ,high-,*ur*m5 to disp>age x4 ,& 9 ?is connection !y especially condemn any doctr9e ( ! ,holy ,eu*>i/ :i* implies t aft] consecration ! prop] nature ( bread & w9e does n rema91 :i* localizes 9 !m ! bodily pres5ce ( our ,"l1 :i* all[s any adoration o!r ?an t ( ,*ri/ himself4 ,"h we d ?9k ! prelates h said some?+1 & we c und]/& :at !y mean4 ,we w\ld h pref]r$ t !y %\ld h us$ language m direct1 & )\t any ins9uations4 ,b we und]/& !m to say t ! bread & w9e are un*ang$ by _! consecration1 & t !re is no pres5ce ( ,*ri/ at all 9 ! ,eu*>i/4 ,= z he is v man1 8 pres5ce mu/ necess>ily be a bodily "o1 & mu/ be localiz$4 ,we ,ca?olics adore ! bless$ sacram5t only because x is ,*ri/ himself2 because ! bread & w9e are *ang$ into 8 body4 #dfe ,! bi%ops "h d5y any su* pres5ce ( ,*ri/1 & g on to ass]t t ! humanity ( our ,"l is only to be f\nd at ! "r h& ( ,god 9 heav54 ,= ?is reason1 v appropriately1 ! c]emonies ( ! rituali/s are d5\nc$1 because !y are built ^u a doctr9e :i* supposes ,*ri/ to be pres5t on ! alt>4 ,w x n[ be believ$ t ! organ ( ! rituali/s1 9 ,new ,york1 expresses itself pleas$ ) ?is "p ( ! pa/oral8 ,we blu% = ! ins9c]ity & di%one/y ( m5 :o love to call !mselves ,ca?olic prie/s4 ,!y are satisfi$ ) ?is op5 d5ial ( any real pres5ce ( ,*ri/ 9 ! ,eu*>i/1 & !y w "w on ) new vigor1 *e]$ & su/a9$ by ! admonitions ( _! fa!rs 9 ,god4 ,if su* admonitions *e] !m1 :at k9d ( admonition w\ld di%e>t5 !m8 ,no1 my fri5ds1 y are n *e]$1 nor su/a9$2 b be+ det]m9$ to make ! be/ ( y\r cause1 y /rive to look pleasant4 ,god is ! judge4 ,y may deceive y\rselves & mislead o!rs1 b y are responsible to him = call+ :ite black1 & black :ite4 ,on que/ions ( doctr9e we f9d1 !n1 t ! conv5tion has done no?+1 save t ! bi%ops h ass]t$1 on _! own au?ority1 t ,*ri/'s commission has be5 committ$ to a fallible in/rum5tality2 t communion ) ! body ( ,*ri/ is necess>y1 :ile no in/ructions are giv5 z to :at & :]e t body is to be f\nd2 t ! pope is ! great ob/acle to ca?olic unity2 t ! vic> ( our ,"l on e>? is ! ,holy ,gho/2 t ! ,anglican re=mation is good & to be imitat$2 t !re is no pres5ce :atev] ( ,*ri/ 9 ! ,holy ,eu*>i/2 & t ! extravagances ( ! rituali/s are entirely to be condemn$4 ,we d n rememb] any ecclesia/ical body :i* has said m /rik+ ?+s ?an ^!2 b z no canons h be5 made1 we mu/ only take !m z ! op9ions ( ! bi%ops ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* 9 #ahfh4 ,,ii4 ,9 reg>d to discipl9e1 we f9d t !re 7 discussions on _m subjects1 b t v few laws 7 pass$4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! session1 an attempt 0 made to *ange ! "n ( _! body f ,g5]al ,conv5tion to ,national ,c\ncil1 or some?+ simil>4 ,! disputes 7 q racy1 "o memb] insi/+ t conv5tion 0 a dirty ^w4 ,b ! delegates 7 unwill+ to rebaptize !mselves1 & aft] ?ree or f\r days ! :ole ?+ 0 dropp$4 ,! s++ by ! boys 9 surplices1 :i* we believe is usual 9 ,tr9ity *apel1 0 s mu* object$ to by "s ( ! memb]s1 t !y )drew f ! *ur* dur+ ! s]vice1 until ! po9t 0 conc$$ & ! boys 7 put away4 ,no canon1 h[ev]1 0 introduc$ on ?is subject4 ,%ortly aft]1 ! sessions ( ! deputies 7 remov$ to ! *ur* ( ! ,transfiguration1 :]e ! ,*ur* ,record tells u t ! music 0 l$ by "s ( ! deputies1 & a beautiful m>ble alt>1 ) a l>ge brass cross1 & a pair ( c&le/icks ) c&les1 add$ to ! solemnity ( ! sc5e4 ,we are glad t our rituali/ic fri5ds _h su* great consolations4 #dff ,! "q ( adopt+ ! prov9cial sy/em ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 :i* w\ld h practically made ,dr4 ,pott] an ar*bi%op & ,bi%op ,smi? a k9d ( patri>*1 0 "u consid]ation1 b f9ally gave way to ! f$]ation ( dioceses1 :i* means1 we believe1 ! small conv5tion ( a few dioceses1 in/ead ( ! l>ge "o ( !m all4 ,! small "o is1 h[ev]1 to be subject to ! l>ge "o4 ,a canon 0 pass$ t no cl]gyman %all unite 9 m>riage any divorc$ p]sons hav+ a husb& or wife liv+1 except ! innoc5t p>ty 9 a suit = divorce on ! gr\nd ( adult]y4 ,?is is a great advance t[>d ! law promulgat$ by our ,"l1 ,/4 ,mat!w v4 #cb & xix4 #i4 ,! next "t !y w probably take ! :ole v]se1 & adopt ! latt] clause1 z well z ! =m]4 ,we congratulate ! ,episcopal ,*ur* ^u ?is really s]i\s improvem5t 9 a practice pregnant ) great evil4 ,"s canons 7 also adopt$ conc]n+ cl]ical support & ! trials ( m9i/]s1 :i* h no g5]al int]e/ & ne$ n "h be enum]at$4 ,! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,tyng & 8 fri5ds 7 q anxi\s to get ! canon1 9 pursuance ( :i* he 0 admoni%$1 alt]$ or int]pret$2 b aft] sev]al discussions !y fail$ to accompli% any?+ favorable to _! cause1 ! temp] ( ! majority ( ! conv5tion be+ adv]se to any *anges4 ,a slight am5dm5t to :at ! ,*ur* ,record calls ! canon on intrusion 0 pass$1 & ! (ficiat+ ( diss5t+ m9i/]s is positively =bidd54 ,! mo/ unpleasant "p ( ?is matt] is t1 9 ! op9ion ( ! ,l[-,*ur*m51 ! canon is n yet q cle>4 ,!y d n und]/& x z "s ( _! bre?r5 d2 & we are told t1 ev5 dur+ ! session ( ! conv5tion1 ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,tyng p]mitt$ a ,presbyt]ian m9i/] to prea* 9 8 *ur*4 ,a v important improvem5t 0 made1 h[ev]1 by :i* ,ca?olic prie/s :o leave ! *ur*1 & desire to become ,episcopalian m9i/]s1 %all be put ^u a long] probation4 ,h]et(ore only six mon?s 7 necess>y2 n[ a full ye> is requir$4 ,we ?9k ?is *ange important = ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 because1 z f> z our exp]i5ce goes1 prie/s1 :o put !mselves 9 su* a position1 require q a long p]iod to fit !mselves = s honorable a pr(ession4 ,we hope1 = ! well-be+ ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal m9i/ry1 !y w at ! next conv5tion ext5d ?is probation to six ye>s4 ,!y may re/ assur$ !y w h no cause to regret x4 ,! subject ( ritual attract$ consid]able att5tion4 ,v>i\s memorials 7 pres5t$ aga9/ ! innovations ( late days1 by :i* ! practices ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* h be5 fitt$ into ! ,pray]-,book4 ,x 0 propos$ to prohibit by canon ! we>+ ( o!r ve/m5ts ?an ! surplice1 black /ole1 b&s1 & g[n2 surplic$ *oirs1 c&le/icks1 crucifixes1 sup]-alt>s1 b[+ at ! "n ( ,jesus1 ! use ( ! sign ( ! cross1 elevation ( ! elem5ts or ( ! alms1 & ! use ( inc5se4 ,aft] "s excitem5t1 ! :ole matt] 0 ref]r$ to ! committee on canons1 :o1 be+ divid$ 9 op9ion1 gave two contradictory reports4 ,! majority report recomm5ds mod]ation & =be>ance1 t e "o be c>eful to d "r1 & t !n !re c be no j cause ( (f5ce4 ,9 any d\bt z to :at is "r1 ref]5ce %\ld be made to ! ,ord9>y1 ^: godly c\nsel 9 ea* diocese %\ld be ! rule ( op9ion4 #dfg ,! m9ority ( ! committee 7 9 favor ( pass+ a law =bidd+ ! objectionable practices :i* we h enum]at$4 ,aft] a v protract$ discussion1 nei!r ( ! reports 0 accept$2 b a resolution 0 adopt$ :i* asks ! ,h\se ( ,bi%ops to set =? at ! next conv5tion su* additional rubrics 9 ! ,book ( ,common ,pray] z1 9 _! judgm5t1 may be decid$ necess>y2 & t 9 ! mean:ile ref]5ce %\ld be made 9 ea* case to ! diocesan4 ,! ,h\se ( ,bi%ops repli$ t1 :ile !y w\ld n ?9k ( alt]+ ! ,pray]-,book1 !y w\ld consid] ! :ole subject1 ) a view to action1 if x %\ld be ?\ght exp$i5t at ! next conv5tion4 ,?us ! :ole matt] is po/pon$ = ?ree ye>s1 &1 9 ! int]im1 rituali/s mu/ seek su* dioceses z are favorable to _! views4 ,:ile ,dr4 ,pott] has no objection to ! use ( ,ca?olic ve/m5ts1 we see no reason :y ,dr4 ,dix & 8 fri5ds %\ld n come out at once ) ! *asuble & ! inc5se4 ,we e>ne/ly hope1 = ! cause ( hone/y & tru?1 t !y w d s4 ,! case is diff]5t "u ! rgimes ( ,bi%ops ,coxe & ,mc,ilvaine :o are s]i\sly oppos$ to any alt]ations ( ! exi/+ ritual4 ,rituali/s mu/ migrate to ! bi%ops ^: godly c\nsels w all[ !m fre$om ( action4 ,x is true1 z we h se51 t ! pa/oral ( ! :ole ,h\se ( ,bi%ops condemns _! practices2 b 9 spite ( ?is ea* "o ( ! prelates may h 8 own c\nsel1 n hav+ m]g$ 8 individuality 9 8 corporate relations to ! body ( ,*ri/4 ,,iii4 ,x rema9s to consid] :at ! conv5tion has done 9 reg>d to ! ext5sion ( _! own *ur*1 z 0 its fir/ int]e/4 ,"u ?is head we c briefly review :at 0 said ^u ! relations ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur* to o!r ,*ri/ian bodies1 & ! views express$ by ! deputies ^u ! condition & gr[? ( _! own communion4 ,9 reg>d to o!r ,*ri/ian d5om9ations1 ! ,episcopal ,*ur* is s+ul>ly un=tunate4 ,x has communion ) no o!r body ( ,*ri/ians 9 ! entire _w4 ,x objects to ! o!r ,prote/ant sects1 on ! gr\nd t !y are irregul>1 & refuses to all[ any ( _! m9i/]s to (ficiate 9 its *ur*es1 z we h se5 by ! canon on intrusion4 ,x calls itself a bran* ( ! ca?olic *ur*1 t is to say1 ^? :o speak = x call x by ?is title4 ,! o!r bran*es are ! ,ea/]n *ur*es & ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*2 at lea/1 we are told s by ^? :o say any?+ on ?is bran* !ory4 ,) ^! o!r bran*es ! ,episcopal ,*ur* has no communion1 h[ev]1 & is n likely to h any4 ,no?+ ne$ be said ( ! ,roman ,*ur*1 = its action & language h always be5 decid$ & cle>4 ,b ! ,ea/]n bran*es h condemn$ ! ,anglican doctr9e & ord]s mu* m pla9ly ?an ! ,episcopalians h condemn$ _! ,prote/ant bre?r54 ,n "o s+le in/ance has be5 f\nd :]e a ,greek bi%op has be5 will+ to give communion to a memb] ( ! ,anglican bran*1 )\t ! abjuration ( 8 errors2 & ! rejection ( ! ord]s ( ! ,engli% m9i/]s is z unequivocal 9 ! ,ea/ z x is 9 ! ,we/4 ,moreov]1 ! doctr9es specially condemn$ by ! ,?irty-n9e ,articles are held z firmly 9 ! ,ea/]n bran* z 9 ! ,we/]n4 ,) all due respect1 !re=e1 we agree ) ,bi%op ,lee1 & say t1 if ! ,episcopal ,*ur* is n a ,prote/ant *ur*1 x has no "r to be a *ur* at all4 ,:y !n d our ,high-,*ur* fri5ds hank] aft] ! patronage ( ! ,greek ,*ur*8 #dfh ,x w n help !m any z f> z ! ,ca?olics are conc]n$1 & x w c]ta9ly fail to make ! dis9t]e/$ public ?9k any bett] ( _! claims4 ,!y may g ^u _! faces be=e ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,mosc[1 & compromise !mselves2 b ?\gh l a g5tleman he w treat !m ) c\rtesy1 he w h a mean] op9ion ( !m1 & 9 8 he>t w say1 ,g5tlem51 if y h no feet ( y\r own to /& ^u1 x seems to me y _h bett] sit d[n4 ,! ,high-,*ur*m51 :o seem$ to h _h ! upp] h& 9 ! conv5tion1 h e/abli%$ a committee on *ur* unity4 ,?is able body is to labor on ?is important subject1 ) probably ! same results z hi!rto4 ,no c>e seems to be giv5 to ! ?\s& ,prote/ant bodies :o came into ! _w ei!r be=e or aft] ! ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,!y are out ( ! "q1 &1 if !y want religi\s unity1 mu/ look = x by !mselves4 ,b all att5tion is devot$ to ! ,ea/1 :]e1 if !y c\ld get ev5 a pass+ smile1 z if ( recognition1 x w\ld d _! he>ts good4 ,p]haps n[ !y w get x1 because !y h gone s f> z to recognize ! jurisdiction ( ! ,greek ,*ur* 9 ,alaska4 ,! ,*ur* ,record calls ?is a great advance1 & we suppose x means t !y w s5d no m9i/]s to ,alaska1 because1 if !y did1 x w\ld conflict ) ! au?ority ( ! ,greek bi%op4 ,?is makes x bad = any ,episcopalian :o may g up !re1 s9ce !y w h no *ur* to g to4 ,! ,greek ,*ur* w n admit !m to its communion1 & !y _c h any1 ( _! own4 ,! uphold]s ( ! bran*-!ory mu/1 h[ev]1 put up ) ?is small inconv5i5ce4 ,?ree ye>s are n[ to be sp5t 9 mak+ an accurate translation ( ! ,nic5e ,cre$ 9 ! orig9al ,greek4 ,!n we expect to see ! procession ( ! ,holy ,gho/ f ! ,son omitt$ 9 ! ,pray]-,book4 ,! "q is n :e!r x is true1 or :e!r ! ,scriptures tea* x4 ,! only "q is1 ,does ! ,ea/]n bran* receive x8 ,if x does n1 !n x mu/ g4 ,b we v5ture to inquire if ! le>n$ committee has made itself sure t ! au?orities at ,mosc[ w be satisfi$ ) ?is simple concession4 ,we "k t !re is no evid5ce l t ( sight1 & h5ce respectfully recomm5d ! au?orities ( ! conv5tion to g to ! ,ea/1 & !re ask = a recognition4 ,!n1 :5 ?ree ye>s come ar\nd1 we %all he> "s positive answ]4 ,x w\ld be a pity to alt] ! ,cre$1 )\t any recomp5se :atev]4 ,sympa?y is also express$ ) ! ,italians :o are try+ to subv]t ! temporal p[] ( ! pope1 & especially ) ^? prie/s :o w\ld l to re=m ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* aft] ! model ( ! ,anglican communion4 ,"o g5tleman ( mu* in=mation ask$1 9 ! conv5tion1 if !re really 0 any movem5t ( ! k9d 9 ,italy4 ,he said he _h read _m travels1 & _h travell$ himself ext5sively1 & _h nev] se5 or he>d ( any good prie/s :o 7 dispos$ to turn ,prote/ants1 & z = ! bad ones1 he _h n mu* fai? 9 !m4 ,! committee repli$ t1 9 _! opportunities = correspond5ce1 !y _h se5 mu*1 & ! results w\ld "o day appe>4 ,we wait 9 pati5ce1 !n1 to see h[ _m good & moral prie/s w appe> 9 :at w probably be call$ ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* 9 ,italy4 #dfi ,z ! ,ea/1 h[ev]1 is ne>] to !m ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & z ,engl& is some:at passive1 we w\ld sugge/ t ?is new *ur* be plac$1 = a "t at lea/1 "u ! jurisdiction ( "s ,greek bi%op4 ,?is w be m conv5i5t1 & less likely to (f5d1 because ! ,greek bi%ops _c m>ry z ! ,anglican bi%ops h p[] to d4 ,b !n a p]plex+ "q w arise4 ,if ! ,ea/]n bran* has jurisdiction 9 ,alaska1 has n ! ,roman bran* "s jurisdiction 9 ,italy8 ,?is is among ! p]plexities ( ! bran* !ory4 ,to pla9 common s5se1 a *ur* ) bran*es is n "o *ur*1 & to ,ca?olics ! ultra-,prote/ant !ory is f> m t5able4 ,we believe1 !re=e1 t ! ef=ts t[>d *ur* union w only prove m pla9ly ! isolation ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur* f all o!r ,*ri/ian bodies4 ,we are = ! l>ge/ lib]ty possible ) tru?1 b we are n = falsehood2 & we h a "r to dem& t a man %all call himself :at he is1 & n p]si/ 9 call+ himself :at he is n4 ,! view ( ! /ate ( ! *ur* giv5 by ! committee is q a favorable "o1 ?\gh we d n see t ,episcopalians are l>gely increas+ by conv]sion4 ,sev]al new dioceses 7 =m$1 :i* w1 no d\bt1 divide labor if !y d n multiply population4 ,! mo/ important subject :i* engross$ ! conv5tion 0 t ( education2 & ! pr9ciple1 s long act$ ^u by ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 0 virtually adopt$4 ,x 0 resolv$ to e/abli% p>o*ial s*ools :]ev] possible1 9 ord] to save ! "y f p]v]sion by ! _m popul> errors ( our day4 ,we e>ne/ly hope t ?is resolution w g5]ally be act$ ^u4 ,x is q evid5t t any d5om9ation :i* has positive doctr9es to tea* mu/ take c>e e>ly to tea* its *ildr5 ! pr9ciples ( fai?1 & t a sy/em ( education )\t ,*ri/ianity is effectually an infidel sy/em4 ,:5 ! ,episcopalians %all h built _! p>o*ial s*ools1 !y w be able to appreciate ! labors ( ,ca?olics1 :o1 f> poor]1 & f> m num]\s1 h nev] be5 will+ to tru/ _! *ildr5 to ! public s*ools4 ,!n p]haps !y w unite ) u 9 ask+ ! /ate legislatures = a j proportion ( ! funds rais$ by taxation & devot$ to ! education ( ! "y4 ,we c\ld nev] see any?+ b simple ju/ice 9 ?is dem&4 ,! action ( ! ,episcopal ,conv5tion1 if c>ri$ out1 w be an advance 9 favor ( our practice1 & an argum5t = ! propriety ( our claims4 ,! bi%ops express !mselves 9 _! pa/oral z anxi\s to promote ! works ( m]cy & education1 by ! e/abli%m5t ( communities ( m5 & wom54 ,we und]/& t su* organizations are to be devot$ to ! s]vice ( ! poor1 sick1 & ignorant1 & t !y are to be modell$ aft] ! plan ( our ,*ri/ian ,bro!rs or our ,si/]s ( ,*>ity & ,m]cy4 ,!y are to be1 h[ev]1 free f ensn>+ v[s or en=c$ confessions4 ,! memb]s are to come & g :5 !y please1 & devote !mselves to ! labors ( ! community z long z !y are dispos$1 free to leave1 )\t scruple1 at any "t4 ,we fe> t on su* pr9ciples communities w\ld n hold toge!r long1 nor always act toge!r b we are v desir\s t ! ,episcopalians %\ld ?or\ghly try !m4 ,confession is to be p]mitt$1 x seems1 :5 x is n =c$2 h5ce x w\ld appe> t ! ,h\se ( ,bi%ops is 9 favor ( volunt>y confession = ! memb]s ( ^! propos$ associations4 #dgj ,any /ep ( ?is k9d is a great advance1 = x leads ! e>ne/ m9d t[>d ! true ,bride ( ! ,lamb1 ^: clo?+ is ( wr\ght gold4 ,x is h>d to see :y volunt>y confession %\ld be p]mitt$ to ^! communities & n to ! ,episcopalians 9 g5]al4 ,b p]haps ! bi%ops did n mean to favor sacram5tal confession1 al?\gh !y w\ld seem to d s by ! language ( ! pa/oral4 ,9 ?is brief summ>y we h giv5 :at seems to u a c&id review ( ! "w ( ! la/ ,episcopal ,conv5tion1 z x int]e/s ,ca?olics & ! public g5]ally4 ,if at any "t !re has be5 any?+ savor+ ( ! ridicul\s or comical 9 our language1 we beg our read] to ref] x to ! subject-matt]1 & n to any int5tion ( ours4 ,he t makes assumptions ( pr]ogatives to :i* he has no title w c]ta9ly excite ! laught] ( 8 neighbors4 ,! hi/orian :o simply records facts is 9 no way to blame4 ,:5 ,episcopalian m9i/]s call !mselves ,ca?olic prie/s1 p w innoc5tly laugh3 & p]haps we ourselves1 ) all our c\rtesy1 c\ld n refra9 f a smile4 ,9 l mann]1 :5 a *ur* isolates itself f all ! _w by claims :i* ev]ybody else on e>? d5ies to x1 !re is some?+ ( ! ridicul\s 9 its position1 &1 :ile we may be pa9$1 we are at ! same "t amus$4 ,if ! committee on *ur* union w only labor a little h>d]1 & once 9 a :ile travel abroad1 !y may p]haps op5 ! eyes ( n a few4 ,! ,episcopal ,*ur* mu/ "w ei!r = u or = ,prote/antism4 ,x has no h>ve/ ( its own to reap1 & !re is no middle gr\nd = ! hone/ m9d4 ,x has already s5t _m a gift$ & pure s\l to ! home ( tru? & purity1 & we ,ca?olics are daily ga!r+ 9 ^? :om x has l$ to our gates4 ,we wi% x ,god-spe$ 9 ?is "w ( conv]sion--9 ?is1 p]haps un9t5tional1 labor ( love4 ,let ! s-call$ ,ca?olic prie/s g on1 & unprote/antize & ca?olicize _! flocks4 ,!y w nev] be able to fe$ ! hung] !y h excit$1 nor satisfy ! crav+s ( ! he>t 9 :i* ,god ! ,r$eem] is %[+ ! m>ks ( 8 love4 ,we /& ready = !m & _! *ildr51 to %[ !m a tru? & beauty :i* are real--a *ur* :i* is n ! "w ( imag9ation1 b a liv+ reality1 =m$ & su/a9$ by ! inc>nate ,^w4 ,god grant t !y sport n too long ) %ad[s--t !y delay n too long be=e ! portals ( ,sion6 ,! night come? 9 :i* no man c "w4 ,he t ha? e>s to he>1 let him he>4 ---------- #dgl ,*ri/mas4 ,god an ,infant--born to-day6 ,born to live1 to die1 = me6 ,b[1 my s\l2 ador+ say3 ,"l1 ,i live1 ,i die1 = ,!e4 ,humble !n1 b fe>less1 rise3 ,seek ! mang] :]e ,he lies4 ,tread ) awe ! solemn gr\nd3 ,?\gh a /able mean & rude1 ,wond]+ angels all ar\nd ,?rong ! seem+ solitude3 ,swell+ an!ms1 z on high1 ,hymn a second ,tr9ity4 ,footnote #aef ,footnote #aef3 ,jesus1 ,m>y1 & ,joseph are call$ by !ologians ,! ,e>?ly ,tr9ity4 ,lo1 9 b&s ( swa?+ wrapt1 ,meekly sleeps a t5d] ,=m3 ,god on b$ ( /raw is lapt6 ,brea?s ( cattle keep ,him w>m6 ,k+ ( glory1 c x be ,?\ art ?us = love ( me8 ,hail1 my ,jesus1 ,"l ( might6 ,:o 9 t9y1 helpless h& ,?y creations inf9ite ,holde/ z a gra9 ( s&6 ,hail1 my ,jesus--all my own6 ,m9e1 z if b m9e alone6 ,god made ,man1 & ,man made ,god-- ,natures ,two 9 ,p]son ,"o1 ,i adore ,?y ,preci\s ,blood1 ,puls+1 burn+ to atone3 ,i adore ,?y ,sacr$ ,he>t1 ,sure/ pro( ( :at ,?\ art4 #dgb ,hail1 my ,lady--full ( grace6 ,maid5 ,"m1 hail to !e6 ,por+ on ! radiant ,face1 ,?9e a voiceless ec/asy2 ,yet1 sweet ,"m1 let me d>e ,jo9 ! wor%ip ( ?y pray]4 ,"m ( ,god--,o wondr\s "n6 ,b5d+ s]aphs hail !e ,que54 ,"m ( ,god--yet /ill ! same ,m>y ?\ ha/ ev] be53 ,/ill s l[ly1 ?\gh s great3 ,mortal1 yet immaculate6 ,o'er our exile's tr\bl$ sea1 ,?\ ! />1 no sky %all dim3 ,*ri/ our ,light we owe to !e-- ,him to !e1 & !e to ,him4 ,take my he>t1 !n3 let x be ,?9e 9 ,him1 & ,8 9 !e4 ,joseph1 hail--( g5tle/ p[]6 ,%ad[ ( ! ,fa!r ?\3 ,?9e to %ield 9 dang]'s h\r ,:om ?y pres5ce com=ts n[4 ,m>y tru/s to !e h] ,*ild2 ,he1 ,8 ,"m undefil$4 ,tea* me ?\1 !n1 h[ to live ,all = !m--my only all2 ,look+ to ?y arm to give ,help 9 trial or 9 fall2 ,till 'tis m9e ) !e to prove ,:at x is to die ( love4 ---------- #dgc ,f ,! ,fr5* ,( ,erckmann ,& ,*atrian4 ,! ,invasion2 ,or1 ,yeg( ,! ,fool4 ,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,at sev5 o'clock ev]y?+ 0 /ill quiet4 ,f "t to "t ,dr4 ,lorqu9 op5$ a w9d[ ( ! great hall & look$ abroad4 ,no?+ 0 /irr+2 ev5 ! fires _h gone out4 ,l\ise1 seat$ ne> h] fa!r1 gaz$ sadly & t5d]ly ^u him4 ,%e seem$ to fe> t %e w\ld nev] aga9 see him1 & h] r$d5$ eyes %[$ t %e _h be5 weep+4 ,hull91 ?\gh firm1 %[$ signs ( emotion4 ,! doctor & ! ,anabapti/1 bo? grave & solemn 9 _! mann]1 7 conv]s+1 & ,lag>mitte1 beh9d ! /ove1 li/5$ ?\ghtfully to _! words4 ,we h n only ! "r1 b x is our duty to def5d ourselves1 ! doctor 0 say+4 ,our fa!rs cle>$ ^! woods & cultivat$ ! l&4 ,!y are n[ rightfully ours4 ,d\btless1 answ]$ ! ,anabapti/2 b x is writt51 ,?\ %alt n kill6 ,?\ %alt n spill ?y bro!r's blood6 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 :om ?is view ( matt]s annoy$1 turn$ sudd5ly f h] "w1 say+3 ,!n if we believ$ z y d1 we w\ld let ! ,g]mans & ,russians drive u f h\se & home4 ,y\r religion is a fam\s "o = ?ieves6 ,! ,allies ask no?+ bett]1 ,i am sure4 ,i d n wi% to insult y1 ,pelsly2 y h be5 br\ght up 9 ^! notions2 b we w def5d y despite y\rself4 ,i love to he> ( peace1 b n :5 ! enemy is at our doors4 ,pelsly rema9$ mute f a/oni%m5t1 & ,doctor ,lorqu9 c\ld n repress a smile4 ,at ! same mom5t ! door op5$1 & a s5try ent]$1 cry+3 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude1 come6 ,i believe !y are advanc+4 ,i am com+1 ,simon1 answ]$ ,hull91 ris+4 ,embrace me1 ,l\ise4 ,c\rage1 my *ild2 fe> n1 all w g well4 ,he clasp$ h] to 8 bosom & 8 eyes fill$ ) te>s4 ,%e seem$ m dead ?an liv+4 ,be sure1 said he to ,ca!r9e1 to let no "o g out or approa* ! w9d[s4 ,he ru%$ f ! h\se to ! edge ( ! plateau1 & ca/ 8 eyes t[>d ,gr&fonta9e & ,framont1 ?\s&s ( feet bel[ him4 ,! ,g]mans _h arriv$ ! ev5+ be=e1 a few h\rs aft] ! ,cossacks4 ,!y _h pass$ ! night1 to ! numb] ( five or six ?\s&1 9 b>ns1 /ables1 or "u %$s1 & 7 n[ clu/]+ l ants1 p\r+ f e door 9 t5s & tw5ties1 & hurry+ to buckle on knapsacks1 fa/5 sabres1 or fix bayonets4 ,o!rs--cavalry--,uhlans1 ,cossacks1 huss>s1 9 gre51 gray1 & blue uni=ms1 fac$ ) r$ or yell[1 ) caps ( wax$ clo? or lamb-sk91 7 ha/ily saddl+ _! horses or roll+ _! blankets4 #dgd ,trumpets 7 s\nd+ at e /reet-corn]1 & drumm]s 7 tight5+ _! drum-cords4 ,e phase ( milit>y life seem$ !re4 ,a few peasants1 /ret*+ _! heads out ( _! w9d[s1 gaz$ at all ?is2 wom5 cr[d$ at ! g>ret-w9d[s1 & innkeep]s fill$ flasks4 ,no?+ escap$ ,hull91 & su* sc5es 7 n new to him1 b ,lag>mitte 0 petrifi$ ) wond]4 ,h[ _m !y are6 he cri$4 ,bah6 return$ ,hull92 :at does t matt]8 ,9 my "t1 we annihilat$ ?ree armies ( fifty ?\s& ea* ( t same race 9 six mon?s1 & we 7 n "o to f\r4 ,re/ easy1 h[ev]2 we %all n h to kill all ^!2 !y w fly l h>es4 ,y w see4 ,^! judici\s reflections utt]$1 he turn$ back to ! abatis1 & ! two foll[$ a pa? :i* _h be5 made 9 ! sn[ a c\ple ( days be=e4 ,! sn[1 h>d5$ by ! fro/1 _h become ice1 & ! trees =m$ an impassable b>ri]4 ,bel[ lay ! ru9$ road4 ,z he appe>$1 ,jean-,claude saw ! m\nta9e]s f ,dagsb]g 9 gr\ps1 tw5ty paces di/ant f ea* o!r1 9 r\nd holes l ne/s :i* !y _h dug = !mselves4 ,^! brave fell[s 7 seat$ on _! hav]sacks1 _! fox-sk9 caps pull$ d[n ov] _! heads & _! muskets betwe5 _! knees4 ,!y _h only to rise to view ! road fifty y>ds b5ea? !m at ! foot ( a v slipp]y slope4 ,ha1 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude6 ,:5 is ! "w to beg98 ,easy1 my boys2 d n be impati5t2 9 an h\r y w h en\gh to d4 ,s mu* ! bett]4 ,aim well at ! height ( ! brea/1 & don't expose y\rselves m ?an y c help4 ,nev] fe> = u1 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude4 ,d n =get to cease fir+ :5 ,lag>mitte w9ds 8 horn2 we _c af=d to lose p[d]4 ,he f\nd ,mat]ne at 8 po/1 light+ 8 pipe2 ! old man's be>d 0 froz5 almo/ solid4 ,!y seem to be 9 no hurry to attack1 said ,jean-,claude4 ,c x be t !y w take ano!r r\te ?r\gh ! m\nta9s8 ,nev] fe> x1 answ]$ ! old man4 ,!y ne$ ! road = _! artill]y & baggage4 ,li/56 ,! bugles are s\nd+1 ',boots & saddles4' ,b d y "k1 ,hull91 ask$ ! hunt] ) a l[ *uckle1 :at ,i saw a :ile ago 9 ,gr&fonta9e8 ,i saw f\r ,au/rians knock old ,dubreuil1 ! fri5d ( ! ,allies1 d[n & ?ra% him well ) /icks1 ! old wret*6 ,x did my he>t good4 ,i suppose he refus$ "s ( 8 w9e to 8 good fri5ds4 ,hull9 li/5$ to no m2 =1 happ5+ to ca/ 8 eyes to ! valley1 he saw a regim5t ( infantry deb\*+ on ! road4 ,beyond1 9 ! /reet1 cavalry 7 advanc+1 five or six (fic]s gallop+ 9 front4 ,at la/6 cri$ ! old soldi]1 8 face light+ up ) a look ( fi]ce det]m9ation--at la/6 ,& da%+ along ! l9e1 he cri$3 ,att5tion1 m5 ( ! ,vosges6 ,lag>mitte foll[$ ) 8 bugle4 ,t5 m9utes aft]1 :5 ! two1 all brea?less1 _h rea*$ ! p9nacle ( ! rock1 !y saw ! enemy's column fifte5 hundr$ feet b5ea? !m1 ab\t ?ree ?\s& /rong1 ) _! long :ite coats1 canvas-gait]s1 be>-sk9 %akos1 & r$ mu/a*es1 _! "y (fic]s1 sword 9 h&1 curvet+ 9 ! int]vals betwe5 ! companies1 & f "t to "t turn+ r\nd & %\t+ ho>sely1 ,=v]tz6 =v]tz6 :ile above ! l9e ! bayonets fla%$ & glitt]$ 9 ! sun4 #dge ,!y 7 press+ on to ! abatis at ! pas de *>ge4 ,old ,mat]ne1 too1 saw ! ,g]mans advanc+1 & 8 ke5 eyes c\ld ev5 note ! individuals ( ! mass4 ,9 a mom5t he _h *os5 8 qu>ry4 ,9 ! middle ( ! column1 on a tall bay horse1 rode an old (fic]1 we>+ a :ite p]uke1 a ?ree-corn]$ hat heavily lac$ ) gold1 & a yell[ sa%4 ,8 brea/ 0 cov]$ ) ribbons1 & 8 ?ick black plumes danc$ m]rily z he cant]$ on4 ,!re is my man6 mutt]$ ! hunt]1 z he sl[ly br\ght 8 piece to 8 %\ld]4 ,a report1 a wrea? ( :ite smoke1 & ! old (fic] _h disappe>$4 ,9 a mom5t ! :ole l9e ( intr5*m5ts rattl$ ) musketry2 b ! ,au/rians1 )\t reply+1 press$ /eadily upw>d1 _! ranks z regul> & well align$ z if !y 7 on p>ade2 & to speak tru?1 _m a brave m\nta9e]1 mayhap ! fa!r ( a family1 z he saw t =e/ ( bayonets come on1 ?\ght t p]haps he might bett] h rema9$ at home 9 8 village ?an h %\ld]$ 8 rifle = its def5ce4 ,b z ! prov]b says1 ! w9e 0 drawn1 naught b to dr9k rema9$6 ,:5 two hundr$ paces f ! abatis1 ! enemy halt$1 & began a roll+ fire1 su* z ! m\nta9 e*oes _h nev] be=e repli$ to4 ,bullets hail$ on e side1 cutt+ ! bran*es1 scatt]+ ! icicles1 & flatt5+ !mselves on ! rocks2 _! cont9u$ hiss 0 l ! humm+ ( a sw>m ( bees4 ,all ?is did n arre/ ! fire ( ! m\nta9e]s1 & soon bo? sides 7 buri$ 9 ?ick gray smoke2 b at ! end ( t5 m9utes m1 ! drums beat out ! *>ge1 & aga9 ! mass ( bayonets da%$ t[>d ! abatis2 & aga9 ! cry ( ,=v]tz6 =v]tz6 rang out1 b n[ ne>] & ne>]1 until ! firm e>? trembl$ b5ea? ! tramp ( ?\s&s ( feet4 ,mat]ne1 ris+ to 8 full height1 ) quiv]+ *eeks & fla%+ eyes1 %\t$1 ,up6 up6 ,x 0 "t4 ,_m ( ! ,au/rians1 almo/ all ( !m /ud5ts ( philosophy1 or law1 or m$ic9e1 ga!r$ f ! brew]ies ( ,muni*1 ,j5a1 & o!r t[ns--m5 :o f\ght aga9/ u because !y believ$ t ,napoleon's fall w\ld alone give !m fre$om--_m ( ^! intrepid fell[s _h clamb]$ on all-f\rs ov] ! froz5 sn[ & hurl$ !mselves ^u ! works4 ,b ea* :o climb$ ! abatis 0 met by a bl[ f a clubb$ musket1 & flung back among 8 comrades4 ,!n did ! /r5g? & brav]y ( old ,ro*>t ! wood-cutt] %[ !mselves4 ,man aft] man ( ^! *ildr5 ( ! ,vat]l& did he /ret* ^u ! :it5$ e>?4 ,old ,mat]ne's bayonet ran ) blood4 ,! little tailor1 ,riffi1 load$ & fir$ into ! mass ) ! cool c\rage ( a vet]an1 & ,joseph ,l>nette1 ,hans ,baumg>t51 ^: %\ld] 0 pi]c$ by a ball1 ,daniel ,spitz1 :o lo/ two f+]s by a sabre /roke1 & a ho/ ( o!rs1 w be = ev] honor$ by _! c\ntrym5 = _! de$s t day4 ,= m ?an a qu>t] ( an h\r ! fight 0 h& to h&4 ,ne>ly all ! /ud5ts _h fall51 & ! o!rs1 vet]ans accu/om$ to retir+ honorably1 turn$ to retrace _! /eps4 #dgf ,at fir/ !y retreat$ sl[ly2 !n fa/] & fa/]4 ,_! (fic]s urg$ !m to ! attack once m1 & second$ _! words ) bl[s f ! flat ( _! swords1 b 9 va92 bullets p\r$ among !m f ! abatis1 & soon all ord] 0 lo/2 ! retreat 0 a wild r\t4 ,mat]ne laugh$ grimly z he gaz$ aft] ! fly+ foe1 lately advanc+ 9 su* pr\d array1 & %ook 8 rifle above 8 head 9 joy4 ,at ! bottom ( ! slope lay hundr$s ( w\nd$4 ,! sn[ 0 r$ ) blood1 & 9 ! mid/ ( heaps ( sla9 7 two "y (fic]s yet liv+1 b cru%$ b5ea? ! weight ( _! dead horses4 ,x 0 horrible6 ,b m5 are (t5times savage z ! bea/s ( ! =e/s4 ,n a man among ! flu%$ m\nta9e]s seem$ to h a ?\ght = all ! mis]y he saw be=e him2 x ev5 seem$ to rejoice _m4 ,little ,riffi1 c>ri$ away by a sublime ardor = plund]1 glid$ d[n ! /eep4 ,he _h caught a glimpse ( a spl5did horse1 t ( ! colonel :om ,mat]ne _h %ot1 :i*1 protect$ by a corn] ( ! rock1 /ood safe & s\nd4 ,y are m9e6 cri$ ! tailor1 z he seiz$ ! bridle4 ,h[ a/oni%$ my wife ,sapi5ce w be6 ,all ! o!rs envi$ him z he m\nt$ 8 prize2 b _! envy 0 soon *eck$ :5 !y saw ! noble animal da% at full spe$ t[>d ! ,au/rians4 ,! little tailor tugg$ at ! bridle1 & %\t$1 & curs$1 & pray$1 b all to no purpose4 ,mat]ne w\ld h fir$1 b he fe>$ t 9 t wild gallop he might kill ! man1 & soon ,riffi disappe>$ among ! enemy's bayonets4 ,all ?\ght he w\ld be massacr$ at once1 b an h\r lat] !y saw him pass ?r\gh ! /reet ( ,gr&fonta9e1 8 h&s b\nd beh9d 8 back1 & a corporal foll[+ ) uplift$ cane4 ,poor ,riffi6 ,he did n long enjoy 8 triumph1 & 8 comrades at l5g? laugh$ at 8 sad fate z m]rily z if he _h be5 a ,kais]lik4 ,su* is ! nature ( man2 z long z he feels no ill himself1 ! tr\bles ( o!rs affect him little4 ,*apt] ,,xv4 ,! m\nta9e]s 7 wild ) exultation2 _! triumph knew no b\nds1 & !y look$ ^u ea* o!r z s _m h]oes4 ,ca!r9e1 ,l\ise1 ,doctor ,l>qu91 all :o _h rema9$ at ! f>m1 ru%$ out to greet ! victors4 ,!y scann$ ! m>ks ( bullets1 gaz$ at ! blood-/a9$ slope2 !n ! ,doctor ord]$ ,baumg>t5 & ,spitz to ! hospital1 al?\gh ! latt] insi/$ on /ill rema9+ at 8 po/4 ,l\ise di/ribut$ br&y among ! m51 & ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 /&+ on ! edge ( ! slope1 gaz$ at ! dead & w\nd$4 ,!re lay old & "y1 _! faces :ite z wax1 _! eyes wide & />+1 _! arms out/ret*$4 ,"s _h fall5 9 attempt+ to rise1 & ! faces ( "s wore a look ( fe> z if !y yet dread$ ^! t]rible bl[s :i* ! clubb$ rifles _h dealt4 ,o!rs _h dragg$ !mselves out ( ! range ( fire1 & _! r\te 0 m>k$ by tracks ( blood4 ,_m ( ! w\nd$ seem$ resign$ to _! lot1 & only seek+ a place to die2 o!rs gaz$ wi/fully aft] _! regim5t1 :i* !y c\ld disc]n on its way to ,framont--t regim5t ) :i* !y _h quitt$ _! native village1 ) :i* !y _h till !n safely brav$ ! toils & dang]s ( a long campaign1 b :i* n[ ab&on$ !m to die1 f> f fri5ds & home1 surr\nd$ by an infuriat$ foe4 #dgg ,& !y ?\ght h[ a trembl+ "m or si/] w\ld ask _! capta9 or _! s]geant1 ,did y "k ,hans1 or ,kasp]1 or ,nickel1 ( ! fir/ or second company8 ,& h[ coldly w\ld come ! reply3 ,let me see2 x is v likely4 ,_h he n br[n hair & blue eyes8 ,yes1 ,i knew him2 we left him 9 ,france ne> a little village1 ! "n ( :i* ,i =get4 ,he 0 kill$ by ! m\nta9e]s ! same day z ! /\t major1 ,y]i-,pet]4 ,a brave fell[6 ,good ev5+4 ,p]haps1 too1 "s among !m ?\ght ( a pretty ,gret*5 or ,lot*51 :o _h giv5 !m a ribbon1 & wept hot te>s at _! dep>ture1 & sobb$1 ,i w wait = y1 ,kasp]4 ,i w m>ry no "o b y6 ,?\ wilt wait long1 poor girl6 ,all ?is 0 n v pleasant1 & ,"m ,lefevre's ?\ghts1 z %e gaz$1 w&]$ to ,gasp>d4 ,hull91 h[ev]1 soon came ) ,lag>mitte to :]e %e /ood1 & cri$ exultantly3 ,hurrah1 boys6 y h se5 fire1 & ^? ,g]mans yond] w n boa/ mu* ( ?is day's "w4 ,he ran to embrace ,l\ise1 & !n ran back to ,ca!r9e4 ,are y satisfi$1 ,"m ,lefevre8 ,=tune smiles2 b :at is ! matt]8 ,yes1 ,jean-,claude1 ,i am satisfi$2 all goes well2 b look yond] ^u ! road2 :at a massacre6 ,w> is w>1 repli$ ,hull9 gravely4 ,is !re no way ( help+ t poor fell[ !re--! "o look+ up at u ) 8 l>ge blue eyes8 ,o heav56 !y pi]ce my v he>t6 ,or t tall1 br[n-hair$ "o b9d+ 8 arm ) 8 h&k]*ief8 ,impossible1 ,ca!r9e6 ,i am sorry2 b we %\ld h to cut /eps 9 ! ice to desc5d2 & ! ,au/rians1 :o w be back 9 an h\r or two1 w\ld make use ( !m 9 _! next attack4 ,b we mu/ g & ann\nce our victory ?r\gh ! villages1 & to ,lab>be1 & ,j]ome1 & ,pi>ette4 ,holla6 ,simon1 ,niklo1 ,m>*al6 c>ry ! news to our comrades4 ,mat]ne1 see t y look %>p1 & report ! lea/ movem5t4 ,!y w5t toge!r to ! f>mh\se1 & ,jean-,claude met ! res]ve z he pass$1 & ,m>c-,dives on horseback 9 ! mid/ ( 8 m54 ,! smuggl] compla9$ bitt]ly ( hav+ _h no "p 9 ! fight2 he felt disgrac$1 di%onor$4 ,bah6 said ,hull91 s mu* ! bett]4 ,wat* on our "r2 if we are attack$ !re1 y w h en\gh to d4 ,dives said no?+2 8 good humor c\ld n s easily be re/or$2 nor t ( 8 m5--smuggl]s l himself--:o1 wrapp$ 9 _! mantles1 & ) _! long rapi]s dangl+ f _! sides1 seem$ m$itat+ v5geance = :at !y deem$ a slight4 ,hull91 unable to pacify !m1 ent]$ ! f>m-h\se4 ,doctor ,lorqu9 0 extract+ ! ball f ! w\nd ( ,baumg>t51 :o utt]$ t]rible %rieks4 ,pelsly1 /&+ at ! ?re%old1 trembl$ 9 e limb4 ,jean-,claude dem&$ pap] & ink to s5d 8 ord]s to ! po/s1 & ! poor ,anabapti/ _h sc>cely /r5g? to g = !m4 ,! mess5g]s dep>t$1 pr\d en\gh to be ! be>]s ( ! tid+s ( ! fir/ battle & victory4 #dgh ,a few m\nta9e]s 9 ! great hall 7 w>m+ !mselves at ! /ove1 & discuss+ ! details ( ! fight 9 animat$ tones4 ,daniel ,spitz _h 8 two f+]s amputat$1 & sat beh9d ! /ove1 8 h& wrapp$ 9 l9t4 ,! m5 :o _h be5 po/$ beh9d ! abatis be=e daybreak1 n hav+ yet breakfa/$1 7--ea* ) a huge piece ( bread & a glass ( w9e--mak+ up = lo/ "t1 all ! "t %\t+1 ge/iculat+1 & boa/+ z mu* z _! full m\?s w\ld all[ !m to1 & e n[ & !n1 :5 "s "o w\ld speak ( poor ,riffi & 8 mis=tunes1 !y 7 ready to bur/ _! sides laugh+4 ,x 0 elev5 o'clock1 :5 ,m>c-,dives ru%$ into ! hall1 cry+3 ,hull96 ,hull96 ,:]e is ,hull98 ,"h6 ,foll[ me--quick6 ,! smuggl] spoke 9 a /range tone4 ,a few mom5ts be=e1 he 0 furi\s at n hav+ tak5 "p 9 ! battle2 n[ he seem$ triumphant4 ,jean-,claude foll[$1 sorely disquiet$1 & ! hall 0 cle>$ 9 a m9ute1 all feel+ t ,m>c's hurry 0 ( grave port5t4 ,to ! "r ( ,donon /ret*es ! rav9e ( ,m9ires1 ?r\gh :i* ro>s a torr5t :i* ru%es f ! m\nta9-side to ! dep?s ( ! valley4 ,opposite ! plateau def5d$ by ! p>tisans1 & on ! o!r side ( ! rav9e1 five or six hundr$ feet di/ant1 rose a sort ( t]race ) v /eep sides1 :i* ,hull9 _h n deem$ x necess>y to occupy1 z he 0 unwill+ to divide 8 =ces1 & saw also t ! position c\ld be easily turn$ "u cov] ( ! fir =e/1 if ! enemy %\ld occupy x4 ,imag9e ! brave old man's dismay :51 f ! f>m-h\se door1 he saw two companies' ( ,au/rians climb+ up ! side ) two field-pieces1 :i*1 dragg$ up by /rong ropes1 seem$ to hang ov] ! precipice4 ,!y 7 pu%+ at ! :eels1 too1 & 9 a few mom5ts ! guns w\ld be on ! flat top4 ,he /ood = an in/ant z if /ruck by lightn+1 & !n turn$ fi]cely on ,dives4 ,c\ld y n tell me ( ?is be=e8 he cri$4 ,0 x = ?is ,i ord]$ y to wat* ! rav9e8 ,our position is turn$6 ,our retreat is cut (f6 ,y h lo/ all6 ,all pres5t1 ev5 old ,mat]ne1 %rank f ! fla%+ eyes b5t ^u ! smuggl]1 & he1 not)/&+ 8 usual cool audacity1 c\ld n = "s mom5ts reply4 ,be calm1 ,jean-,claude1 said he at la/2 x is n s bad z y ?9k4 ,my fell[s h yet done no?+1 & z we want cannon1 ^? %all be ours4 ,fool6 ,has y\r vanity br\ght u to ?is8 ,y mu/ ne$s fight1 boa/--& = ?is y sacrifice u all6 ,look6 !y are com+ f ,framont1 too6 ,ev5 z he spoke1 ! head ( a new column1 mu* /rong] ?an ! fir/1 appe>$1 advanc+ f ,framont t[>d ! abatis at ! d\ble-quick4 ,dives said n a ^w4 ,hull91 conqu]+ 8 rage 9 ! face ( dang]1 %\t$3 ,to y\r po/s1 all6 ,att5tion1 ,mat]ne6 ,! old hunt] b5t 8 head1 li/5+4 ,m>c-,dives _h recov]$ all 8 coolness4 ,in/ead ( scold+ l a woman1 said he1 y _h bett] give me ! ord] to attack ^? yond] f ! cov] ( ! woods4 #dgi ,d s1 9 heav5's "n1 cri$ ,hull94 ,li/51 ,m>c6 ,we 7 victori\s1 & y\r fault has risk$ all ! fruits ( our victory4 ,y\r life %all answ] = our success4 ,i accept ! t]ms4 ,! smuggl]1 spr++ ^u 8 horse1 ?rew 8 cloak pr\dly ov] 8 %\ld]1 & drew 8 long1 /raight blade4 ,8 m5 foll[$ ! example4 ,!n1 turn+ to ! fifty m\nta9e]s :o compos$ 8 troop1 ,dives po9t$ ) 8 sword to ! enemy1 & cri$3 ,we mu/ h yon height1 boys4 ,! m5 ( ,dagsb]g %all nev] be call$ brav] ?an ^? ( ! ,s>re4 ,=w>d6 ,! troops da%$ on1 & ,hull91 /ill pale f ! effects ( 8 ang]1 %\t$ aft]3 ,give !m ! /eel6 ,! tall smuggl]1 on 8 huge & /rong /e$1 turn$ 8 head1 & a laugh broke f 8 lips4 ,he %ook 8 sword expressively1 & ! troops disappe>$ 9 ! wood4 ,at ! same mom5t ! ,au/rians1 ) _! two guns--eight-p\nd]s--rea*$ ! level top1 :ile ! ,framont column /ill press$ up ! slope4 ,ev]y?+ 0 z be=e ! battle1 save t n[ ! m\nta9e]s 7 betwe5 two fires4 ,!y saw ! two guns ) _! ramm]s & caissons di/9ctly4 ,a tall1 lean (fic]1 ) broad %\ld]s & long1 flax5 mu/a*es1 comm&$4 ,9 ! cle> m\nta9 air !y seem$ almo/ )9 rea*1 b ,hull9 & ,mat]ne knew bett]2 !y 7 a good six hundr$ y>ds away1 fur!r ?an any rifle c\ld c>ry4 ,nev]!less1 ! old hunt] wi%$ to return to ! abatis ) a cle> consci5ce4 ,he advanc$ z ne> z possible to ! rav9e1 foll[$ by 8 son ,kasp] & a few p>tisans1 &1 /eady+ 8 piece aga9/ a tree1 sl[ly cov]$ ! tall (fic] ) ! light mu/a*es4 ,all held _! brea? le/ ! aim might be di/urb$4 ,! report rang out1 b :5 ,mat]ne plac$ ! butt ( 8 rifle aga9 on ! gr\nd1 to see ! effect ( 8 %ot1 all 0 z be=e4 ,x is /range h[ age affects ! sight1 said he4 ,affects y\r sight6 cri$ ,kasp]4 ,n a man f ! ,vosges to ,switz]l& c place a ball at two hundr$ y>ds z true z y4 ,! old =e/] knew x well1 b he did n wi% to disc\rage ! o!rs4 ,well1 well1 he repli$1 we h no "t to dispute ab\t x4 ,! enemy is com+4 ,let e man d 8 duty4 ,despite ^! words1 s calm & simple1 ,mat]ne too 0 sorely tr\bl$4 ,z he ent]$ ! tr5*1 ! air seem$ full ( s\nds ( dire =ebod+1 ! rattl+ ( arms1 ! /eady tramp ( a tra9$ multitude4 ,he look$ d[n ! /eep & saw ! ,au/rians press+ on1 b ?is "t ) long ladd]s1 to ! ends ( :i* great iron hooks 7 fa/5$4 ,kasp]1 he :isp]$1 ?+s look ill--ill inde$4 ,give me y\r h&4 ,i w\ld l to h y & ,frantz ne> me6 ,rememb] to d y\r "p l a man4 ,z he spoke1 a heavy %ock %ook ! def5ces to _! f\ndations1 & a ho>se voice cri$1 ,o my ,god6 ,!n a fir-tree1 a hundr$ paces (f1 b5t sl[ly & ?und]$ into ! abyss4 ,x 0 ! fir/ cannon-%ot1 & x _h c>ri$ (f bo? old ,ro*>t's legs4 ,ano!r & ano!r foll[$1 & soon ! air 0 ?ick ) cru%$ & fly+ ice1 :ile ! %riek+ ( ! balls /ruck t]ror to ! /\te/ he>ts4 ,ev5 old ,mat]ne trembl$ = a mom5t2 b 8 brave he>t 0 soon itself aga91 & he cri$3 #dhj ,v5geance6 v5geance6 ,victory or dea?6 ,happily1 ! t]ror ( ! m\nta9e]s 0 ( %ort duration4 ,all knew t !y mu/ conqu] or die4 ,two ladd]s 7 already fix$1 despite ! hail ( bullets1 & ! combat 0 once m foot to foot & h& to h&1 fi]c] & bloodi] ?an be=e4 ,hull9 _h se5 ! ladd]s be=e ,mat]ne1 & once m 8 wra? aga9/ ,dives arose2 b he knew t ang] !n avail$ naught1 & he s5t ,lag>mitte to ord] ,frantz1 :o 0 po/$ on ! o!r side ( ,donon1 to ha/5 to ! f>m ) half 8 m54 ,! brave boy1 w>n$ ( 8 fa!r's dang]1 lo/ n a mom5t1 & already ! black sl\*$ hats 7 se5 climb+ ! m\nta9-side4 ,jean-,claude1 brea?less1 ! sweat p\r+ f 8 br[1 ran to meet !m1 cry+3 ,quick1 quick6 or all is lo/6 ,he trembl$ once m ) rage1 attribut+ all _! mis=tunes to ! smuggl]4 ,b :]e 0 ,m>c-,dives8 ,9 half an h\r he _h made 8 way ar\nd ! rav9e1 & f 8 /e$ saw ! two companies ( ,au/rians drawn up at ord]$ arms1 two hundr$ paces beh9d ! guns1 :i* /ill kept up _! fire ^u ! intr5*m5ts4 ,he turn$ to ! m\nta9e]s1 & 9 a l[ voice1 :ile ! ?und] ( ! cannon e*o$ peal ^u peal f ! valley1 & ! %\ts & %rieks & clatt] ( ! assault rose beyond x1 said3 ,comrades1 y w fall ^u ! infantry ) ! bayonet4 ,i & my m5 w d ! re/4 ,=w>d6 ,! :ole troop advanc$ 9 good ord] to ! edge ( ! wood1 tall ,pi]cy ( ,soldat5?al at _! head4 ,!y he>d ! ,w]da ,footnote #aeg ( a s5t9el4 ,two %ots repli$2 !n ! %\t ( ,vive la ,france6 rang to heav51 & ! brave m\nta9e]s ru%$ ^u ! foe l fami%$ wolves ^u _! prey4 ,footnote #aeg3 ,:o goes !re8 ,dives1 erect 9 8 /irrups1 look$ on & laugh$4 ,well done6 he said4 ,*>ge6 ,! e>? %ook b5ea? ! %ock4 ,nei!r ,au/rians nor p>tisans fir$2 = a :ile no?+ 0 he>d b ! cla% ( bayonets or ! dull ?ud ( ! clubb$ muskets z !y fell2 !n %rieks & groans & cries ( rage arose1 & f "t to "t a %ot rang out4 ,fri5d & foe 7 mix$ & m+l$ 9 ! savage fray4 ,! b& ( smuggl]s1 sabre 9 h&1 sat all ?is :ile gaz+ at ! fight1 await+ _! lead]'s signal to engage4 ,x came at la/4 ,n[ is our "t1 cri$ ,m>c4 ,"o brave bl[1 & ! guns are ours4 ,& =? f ! cov] ( ! wood1 _! long mantles float+ beh9d 9 ! w9d1 e man1 9 8 fi]y impati5ce1 b5d+ ov] 8 saddle-b[1 & po9t+ 8 long1 /raight rapi] /raight =w>d1 broke ! bold rid]s4 ,! po9t1 my lads6 ! po9t6 nev] m9d ! edge6 %\t$ ,dives4 ,9 a mom5t !y 7 on ! pieces4 ,among ,m>c's troop 7 f\r old dragoons :o _h se5 ! ,spani% w>s ?r\gh1 & two vet]an cuirassi]s ( ! gu>d1 :om love ( dang] _h atta*$ to ! smuggl]4 ,! ramm]s & %ort sabres ( ! artill]ym5 c\ld avail b little aga9/ _! well-aim$ ?ru/s1 ea* "o ( :i* br\ght a man to ! e>?4 #dha ,m>c's *eek 0 black5$ ) ! p[d] ( a pi/ol fir$ )9 six in*es ( 8 head2 a bullet pass$ ?r\gh 8 hat2 b 8 c\rse 0 n /aid until 8 sword pi]c$ ! old (fic] ) ! light mu/a*e ?r\gh & ?r\gh1 at "o ( ! cannons4 ,!n1 ris+ sl[ly 9 8 saddle until 8 tall =m sat erect1 he gaz$ ar\nd1 & said s5t5ti\sly3 ,! guns are ours6 ,b ! sc5e 0 t]rible2 ! mle on ! high plateau2 ! %rieks1 ! neigh+ ( horses1 or _! cries ( agony2 ! %\ts ( rage2 m5 ca/+ away _! arms 9 a wild flight = life1 an inexorable foe pursu+2 beyond ! rav9e1 ladd]s cr[d$ ) :ite uni=ms & bri/l+ ) bayonets2 m\nta9e]s def5d+ !mselves ) ! fi]ce c\rage ( despair2 ! sides ( ! slope1 ! road1 & ! foot ( ! abatis heap$ ) dead1 or w\nd$ wri?+ 9 angui%2 /ill fur!r away1 ! masses ( ! enemy advanc+1 ) musket on %\ld]1 & (fic]s 9 ! mid/ urg+ !m on2 old ,mat]ne1 on ! cre/ ( ! /eep1 sw++ 8 clubb$ rifle ) deadly effect1 & %\t+ = 8 son ,frantz1 :o 0 ru%+ at full spe$ ) 8 comm& to ! fight2 ,jean-,claude direct+ ! def5ce2 ! deaf5+ musketry1 n[ 9 volleys1 n[ rattl+ l "s t]rible hail/orm2 &1 roll+ above all1 ! vague1 weird e*oes ( m\nta9 & valley4 ,all ?is 0 press$ into t "o mom5t4 ,m>c-,dives 0 n ( a contemplative or poetic turn ( m9d1 h[ev]1 & wa/$ no "t 9 useless reflections ^u ! horrors ( w>4 ,a glance %[$ him ! position ( affairs1 &1 spr++ f 8 horse1 he seiz$ "o ( ! lev]s ( ! guns1 & 9 a mom5t _h aim$ ! yet load$ piece at ! foot ( ! ladd]s4 ,!n he seiz$ a mat* & fir$4 ,/range cries arose f af> (f1 & ! smuggl]1 gaz+ ?r\gh ! smoke1 saw a bloody lane 9 ! enemy's ranks4 ,he %ook bo? 8 h&s above 8 head exult+ly1 & a %\t ( triumph arose f ! brea/works4 ,dism\nt6 he cri$ to 8 m54 ,n[ is our "t = action6 ,br+ c>tridges & balls f y\r caissons4 ,load6 ,we w sweep ! road6 ,ready6 ,fire6 ,! smuggl]s appli$ !mselves to ! "w1 & %ot aft] %ot tore ?r\gh ! :ite masses4 ,! fire enfilad$ ! ranks1 & ! t5? dis*>ge 0 at a fly+ foe4 ,fire6 fire6 %\t$ ,m>c4 ,& ! p>tisans1 re-en=c$ by ,frantz1 rega9$ ! position !y _h = a mom5t lo/4 ,& n[ ! m\nta9-side 0 cov]$ only ) dead1 w\nd$1 & fly+4 ,x 0 f\r o'clock 9 ! ev5+1 & night 0 fall+ fa/4 ,! la/ cannon-%ot fell 9 ! /reet ( ,gr&fonta9e1 &1 reb\nd+1 ov]turn$ ! *imney ( ! ,r$ ,ox4 ,six hundr$ m5 _h p]i%$4 ,_m ( ! m\nta9e]s _h fall51 b _m m ( ! ,kais]liks4 ,dives's cannonade _h sav$ all2 = ! p>tisans 7 n ev5 "o aga9/ t51 & ! enemy _h almo/ made himself ma/] ( _! works4 ,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,! ,au/rians1 cr[d$ 9 ,gr&fonta9e1 fl$ t[>d ,framont1 on foot & on horseback1 fl++ _! knapsacks away1 & look+ beh9d z if !y fe>$ ! m\nta9e]s 7 9 hot pursuit4 #dhb ,9 ,gr&fonta9e1 9 a sort ( _s ( rev5ge1 !y broke :atev] !y c\ld lay h&s on1 tore out w9d[s1 cru%$ 9 doors1 dem&$ food & dr9k1 & insult$ ! p by way ( paym5t4 ,_! imprecations & cries1 ! comm&s ( _! (fic]s1 ! compla9ts ( ! inhabitants1 ! heavy tramp ( feet across ! bridge ( ,framont1 & ! agoniz$ neigh ( w\nd$ horses1 all rose 9 a confus$ murmur to ! abatis4 ,on ! side ( ! m\nta91 arms1 %akos1 knapsacks1 dead--all ! signs ( a r\t--7 alone se54 ,opposite appe>$ ,m>c-,dives's guns1 ready to op5 fire anew 9 case ( a new attack4 ,! p>tisans _h ga9$ ! day2 b no %\t ( triumph rose f _! intr5*m5ts4 ,_! losses _h be5 too cruel4 ,sil5ce _h succe$$ ! tumult ( battle--sil5ce1 deep & solemn--& ^? :o _h escap$ ! c>nage gaz$ e>ne/ly at _! fell[s1 z if wond]+ to see !m yet alive4 ,a few call$ al\d = fri5ds1 "s = bro!rs1 :o repli$ n4 ,!n se>* began ?r\gh\t ! l5g? ( ! works = ,jacob1 or ,philippe1 or ,anto9e4 ,& ! gray %ades ( night 7 fall+ fa/ ov] m\nta9 & valley1 & l5d+ a /range my/]y to ! horrid picture2 & m5 came & w5t )\t kn[+ "o ano!r4 ,mat]ne wip$ 8 bloody bayonet1 & call$ 8 boys 9 ho>se tones3 ,kasp]6 ,frantz6 ,& see+ !m approa* 9 ! half-d>kness1 he ask$3 ,are y hurt8 ,no4 ,! voice ( ! old hunt]1 h>% z x 01 trembl$4 ,we are all ?ree aga9 toge!r2 ,god's m]cy be ?ank$6 he murmur$4 ,& he1 :o 0 nev] kn[n to weep1 embrac$ 8 boys1 :ile ! te>s ra9$ d[n 8 *eeks1 & !y1 no less mov$1 sobb$ l little *ildr54 ,b ! old man soon recov]$ himself & cri$ ) a =c$ gayety3 ,we h _h a r\gh day1 lads2 let u take a cup ( w9e--,i am ?ir/y4 ,?r[+ a la/ glance at ! bloody slope1 & see+ t ! s5tries :om ,hull9 _h /ation$ at int]vals ( ?irty paces 7 all at _! po/s1 ! old man l$ ! way to ! f>m-h\se4 ,!y 7 pass+ c>efully ?r\gh ! corpse-pil$ tr5*1 :5 a feeble voice exclaim$3 ,is t y1 ,mat]ne8 ,ah poor ,ro*>t6 ,p>don6 =give me if ,i hurt y1 said ! old hunt]1 b5d+ ov] ! w\nd$ man2 h[ comes x t y are /ill "h8 ,because ,i _c move h5ce2 inasmu* z ,i h no legs1 answ]$ ! o!r ) a m\rnful sort ( m]rim5t4 ,! ?ree hunt]s /ood sil5t = a mom5t1 :5 ! old wood-cutt] cont9u$3 ,tell my wife1 ,mat]ne1 t beh9d ! cupbo>d1 9 a /ock+1 %e w f9d six cr[ns4 ,i sav$ !m 9 case ei!r ( u %\ld fall sick2 b ,i h no fur!r ne$-- ,p]haps--p]haps--y may live yet1 old fri5d1 int]rupt$ ,mat]ne4 ,we w c>ry y f "h1 at all ev5ts4 ,x is n wor? :ile1 return$ ! w\nd$ man4 ,an h\r m1 & y c c>ry me to my grave4 ,mat]ne1 )\t reply+1 sign$ to ,frantz to help him1 & toge!r !y rais$ ! old wood-cutt] f ! gr\nd1 despite 8 wi% to be left alone4 ,?us !y arriv$ at ! f>m-h\se4 #dhc ,all ! w\nd$ :o _h /r5g? en\gh to drag !mselves to ! hospital 7 !re4 ,doctor ,lorqu9 & a fell[-surgeon1 nam$ ,despois1 :o _h come dur+ ! day to 8 assi/ance1 _h "w en\gh on h&2 & z ,mat]ne & 8 sons ) _! pite\s load trav]s$ ! dimly-light$ hall1 !y he>d cries :i* froze ! blood 9 _! ve9s1 & ! dy+ wood-cutt] almo/ %riek$3 ,:y d y br+ me "h6 ,let me die 9 peace4 ,!y %all n t\* me6 ,op5 ! door ,frantz1 said ,mat]ne1 8 =ehead cov]$ ) a cold sweat1 op5 quick6 ,& z ,frantz pu%$ op5 ! door1 !y saw1 on a l>ge kit*5-table 9 ! middle ( ! l[ room1 ) its heavy br[n raft]s1 ,col>d1 ! y\ng]1 /ret*$ at full l5g?1 six c&les ar\nd him1 a man hold+ ea* arm1 & a bucket b5ea?4 ,doctor ,lorqu91 8 %irt-sleeves roll$ up to 8 elb[s1 & a %ort wide saw 9 8 h&1 0 ab\t cutt+ (f ! poor fell['s leg1 :ile ,desbois /ood by ) a sponge4 ,blood dripp$ into ! bucket1 & ,col>d 0 pale z dea?4 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre 0 ne>1 ) a roll ( l9t1 & seem$ firm2 b ! furr[s 9 h] *eeks 7 deep] ?an usual1 & h] tee? 7 tightly set4 ,%e gaz$ on ! gr\nd s z n to see ! mis]y ar\nd4 ,x is ov]6 said ! doctor at l5g?1 turn+ r\nd4 ,& ca/+ a glance at ! new-com]s he add$3 ,ah6 y "h1 ,fa!r ,ro*>t8 ,yes2 b y mu/ n t\* me4 ,i am done =2 let me die 9 peace4 ,! doctor took up a c&le1 look$ = a mom5t at ! old man's w\nds1 & said ) a grimace3 ,x 0 "t1 my poor ,ro*>t2 y h lo/ a great deal ( blood1 & if we wait any long]1 x w be too late4 ,d n t\* me6 %riek$ ! old man4 ,i h suff]$ en\gh6 ,z y wi%4 ,we w pass to ano!r4 ,he look$ at ! long l9e ( mattresses4 ,! two la/ 7 empty1 al?\gh delug$ ) blood4 ,mat]ne & ,kasp] plac$ _! *>ge ^u ! la/1 :ile ,despois w5t to ano!r ( ! w\nd$ m51 say+3 ,x is y\r turn1 ,ni*olas4 ,!n !y saw tall ,ni*olas ,c]f lift a pale face & eyes glitt]+ ) fe>4 ,give him a glass ( br&y1 said ! doctor4 ,no1 ,i w\ld r smoke my pipe4 ,:]e is y\r pipe8 ,9 my ve/4 ,good2 & y\r tobacco8 ,9 my pantaloons pocket4 ,fill 8 pipe1 ,despois4 ,?is man is a brave fell[--,i l to see su*4 ,we w take (f y\r arm 9 two times & ?ree motions4 ,is !re no way ( pres]v+ x1 ,monsieur ,lorqu9--= my poor *ildr5's sake8 ,x is _! only support4 ,no1 ! bone is fractur$ & w n reunite4 ,light 8 pipe1 ,despois4 ,n[1 ,ni*olas1 my man1 smoke1 smoke4 ,! poor fell[ seem$ aft] all to h little wi% to d s4 ,are y ready8 ask$ ! doctor4 ,yes1 answ]$ ! suff]] 9 a *ok+ voice4 ,good6 ,att5tion1 ,despois2 sponge6 ,!n ) a long knife he cut rapidly ar\nd ! arm4 ,ni*olas gr\nd 8 tee?4 ,! blood spirt$2 ,despois ti$ some?+4 ,! saw gr\nd = two seconds1 & ! arm fell heavily on ! floor4 #dhd ,t is :at ,i call a well-p]=m$ op]ation1 obs]v$ ,lorqu94 ,ni*olas 0 no long] smok+2 ! pipe _h fall5 f 8 lips4 ,!y b\nd r\nd :at rema9$ ( 8 arm ) l9t1 & replac$ him on 8 mattress4 ,ano!r f9i%$6 ,sponge ! table well1 ,despois1 & !n = ! next1 said ! doctor1 wa%+ 8 h&s 9 a l>ge bas94 ,ea* "t he said1 ,n[ = ! next1 ! w\nd$ m5 groan$ ) fe>4 ,! %rieks !y he>d & ! glitt]+ knives !y saw 7 en\gh to /rike a *ill to _! he>ts2 b :at c\ld be done8 ,all ! rooms ( ! f>m-h\se & ( ! b>n 7 cr[d$4 ,only ! l>ge hall rema9$ cle>1 & s ! ,doctor c\ld n help op]at+ "u ! eyes ( ^? :o mu/ a little lat] take _! turn4 ,mat]ne c\ld see no m4 ,ev5 ! dog1 ,pluto1 :o /ood beh9d ! doctor1 seem$ to tremble at ! horrible sight4 ,! old hunt] ha/5$ to brea! ! cold air )\t1 & cri$3 ,& to ?9k1 my boys1 t ?is might h happ5$ to u6 ,god is good1 said ,frantz1 & :y %\ld we let sights ev5 l ^! affright u f our duty8 ,we are 9 8 h&s4 ,a murmur ( voices arose to _! "r4 ,x is ,m>c-,dives & ,hull91 said ,kasp]1 li/5+4 ,yes1 !y h j come f ! brea/work !y made beh9d ! fir-wood = ! cannon1 add$ ,frantz4 ,!y li/5$ aga94 ,foot/eps approa*$4 ,y are emb>rass$ ) y\r ?ree prison]s1 said ,hull91 9 %ort tones4 ,y return to ,falk5/e9 to-night2 :y c y n take !m ) y8 ,b :]e %all ,i put !m8 ,p>bleu6 ,9 ! prison ( ,abres*will]2 we _c keep !m "h4 ,i und]/&1 ,jean-,claude4 ,& if !y attempt to escape on ! way1 ,i w plant my rapi] betwe5 _! %\ld]s4 ,y mu/6 ,!y rea*$ ! door1 & ,hull91 see+ ,mat]ne1 cri$ joy\sly3 ,y "h1 old fri5d8 ,i h be5 seek+ y = an h\r4 ,:]e 7 y8 ,we 7 c>ry+ old ,ro*>t to ! hospital4 ,jean-,claude dropp$ 8 head sadly2 b 8 joy at ! result ( ! day's battle soon ga9$ ! upp] h&1 & he said3 ,yes1 x is m\rnful1 inde$4 ,b su* is ! =tune ( w>4 ,are y or y\r sons hurt8 ,n a scrat*4 ,?ank ,heav56 ,mat]ne1 ^? :o pass$ ?r\gh ?is day's "w may well rejoice4 ,yes1 cri$ ,m>c-,dives1 laugh+1 ,i saw old ,mat]ne ready to beat a retreat2 )\t ^? little cannon-%ots1 ?+s w\ld h _h a diff]5t end+4 ,mat]ne r$d5$ & glanc$ angrily at ! smuggl]4 ,x is v possible1 he answ]$2 b )\t ! cannon-%ots at ! beg9n+1 we %\ld n h ne$$ ^? at ! end1 & old ,ro*>t & fifty brave fell[s w\ld yet h legs & arms--a ?+ :i* w\ld n h hurt our victory4 ,bah6 int]rupt$ ,hull91 :o saw a dispute likely to arise4 ,quit ?is discussion4 ,e man has done 8 duty4 ,!n address+ ,mat]ne1 he add$3 #dhe ,i h s5t a flag ( truce to ,framont1 to tell ! enemy to remove _! w\nd$4 ,!y w arrive 9 ab\t an h\r1 d\btless1 & y mu/ ord] our outpo/s to let !m advance2 b )\t arms1 & ) tor*es4 ,if !y come o!rwise1 fire on !m4 ,i w g at once1 repli$ ! old hunt]4 ,return ) y\r sons1 & h supp] ) u at ! f>m-h\se1 :5 y h c>ri$ out y\r ord]s4 ,v well1 ,jean-,claude4 ,hull9 ord]$ ,frantz & ,kasp] to h l>ge biv\ac-fires light$ = ! night1 & ,m>c to h 8 horses f$ & to g at once = m ammunition1 &1 see+ !m dep>t on _! way1 he ent]$ ! f>m-h\se4 ---------- ,translat$ ,f ,! ,fr5*4 ,! ,unity ,( ,sci5tific ,& ,reveal$ ,tru?4 ,footnote #aeh ,footnote #aeh3 ,a disc\rse pron\nc$ by ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,mal9es on 8 fir/ pa/oral visit to ! city & univ]sity ( ,l\va94 ,i h n be5 able to come among y z soon z ,i desir$4 ,! duties ( my (fice1 & especially ! difficulties :i* always surr\nd "o's initiation to a new sph]e ( duties1 are ! causes ( ?is delay4 ,_h ,i ! leisure1 my fir/ visit aft] my entrance into ?is va/ diocese w\ld h be5 to ,l\va9--to ,l\va91 s celebrat$ = its glori\s traditions--to ,l\va91 :i* has ev] rema9$ true to !m4 ,to ! attraction ( great hi/orical remembrances are jo9$ 9 my case ties ( a m intimate nature4 ,?is pulpit recalls to my m9d ! days ( a m9i/ry :i* mu/ always be de> to my he>t1 & :i* 0 f> less on]\s ?an t :i* has replac$ x2 = if 9 ^? days ,i spoke ( ! cross1 x 0 surely )\t c>ry+ ! "o :i* n[ weighs ^u my %\ld]s4 ,yet x is ) joy t ,i address = ! fir/ "t1 z pa/or ( _! s\ls1 ! *ildr5 ( ?is city1 twice bless$ by ! ,*ur* = ! signal s]vices %e has r5d]$ to ! ,*ri/ian _w1 bo? by h] anci5t univ]sity1 & by ! "o :i* lives aga9 9 our "t ) s mu* lu/re4 ,l\va9 be>s a great title1 because %e symbolizes a great ?+--! unity ( sci5ce & fai?4 ,h[1 !n1 my bre?r51 c ,i avoid speak+ ( h]1 & ( t unity :i* m5 n[ /rive to bani% f ! s*ools ( le>n+8 ,ev]y:]e x seems z if "s inv9cible p[] _h giv5 ! comm& to expel ,*ri/ianity f our s*ools 9 ! "n ( sci5ce4 ,i gladly seize1 !re=e1 ! fir/ opportunity :i* has be5 (f]$ me to consid] ?is "q1 because x deeply int]e/s ! liv+ m9ds ( ! age1 because x is "o ( ! great c>es ( our social life1 & because "h ! two int]e/s are unit$ 9 "o place3 ! int]e/s ( sci5ce1 because ,i speak ( ,l\va92 ! int]e/s1 ( religion1 because ,i speak f ?is sacr$ pulpit4 #dhf ,n always 9 _! ef=ts aga9/ ! unity ( sci5ce & religion d we f9d our oppon5ts frankly decl>+ w> ^u ,*ri/ianity4 ,no2 its enemies pref] to ext+ui% x by /ratagem4 ,!y wisely fe> ! love ( p>5ts = _! (fspr+2 & :ile !y are eag] to de/roy ! fai? ( ! "o1 !y hope to accompli% _! task )\t ! k ( ! o!r4 ,x is on ?is acc\nt t !y h s\ght & f\nd ! prop] ^w to conceal _! design1 & ?is ^w is neutrality 9 tea*+4 ,i wi%1 !n1 to %[ y two ?+s3 ,fir/4 ,t neutrality 9 tea*+1 z f> z x reg>ds ! ,*ri/ian religion1 is evid5tly impossible2 t a tea*] mu/ unavoidably decl>e himself = or aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 ev5 z ,*ri/ himself said1 ,he t is n = me is aga9/ me4 ,second4 ,sci5ce _c decl>e itself aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian fai? )\t d5y+ itself1 )\t be+ unfai?ful to its own pr9ciple1 :i* is reason1 & )\t r5\nc+ ! v conditions ( a free1 p]fect1 & progressive sci5ce4 ,may ! ,"m ( ,sci5ce & ,fai?1 ,mat] ,agnitionis1 obta9 = u f ! inc>nat$ ,wisdom ! light :i* we ne$6 ,i4 ,:5 ,i speak ( in/ruction1 ,i d n int5d to designate c]ta9 bran*es ( /udy 9 p>ticul>1 b ,i ref] to ! :ole c\rse ( tea*+ 9 ea* ( its ?ree degrees4 ,i affirm1 !n1 t neutrality 9 tea*+ is an evid5t impossibility1 s f> z x reg>ds ,*ri/ianity 9 ea* ( ^! ?ree degrees1 & m especially 9 ! highe/ grade ( in/ruction4 ,?is c\ld be demon/rat$ by runn+ ov] a great numb] ( ! v>i\s bran*es ( /udy2 b 9 ord] to be m concise1 ?\gh n less conclusive1 ,i w speak ( only two among !m1 hi/ory & morals1 ^u :i* no s*ool c be sil5t4 ,!y w suffice to conv9ce y t ! s*ool :i* is n ,*ri/ian is necess>ily anti*ri/ian1 & t x w ev] be impossible to be neutral4 ,let u beg9 ) hi/ory4 ,if ! ,*ri/ian religion 7 a my?ology1 c]ta9ly we c\ld sep>ate x f ! tea*+ ( hi/ory1 & bani% x to ! doma9 ( fable2 b ,*ri/ianity be=e z well z aft] ! ,inc>nation is a great hi/orical fact2 nay1 x is ! greate/ fact ( hi/ory4 ,?is fact is a liv+ "o 9 t religi\s society :i* embraces e nation4 ,?is liv+ fact speaks & affirms itself div9e2 n div9e 9 man :o accepts x1 b div9e 9 t :i* con/itutes its ess5ce1 9 its doctr9e1 9 its wor%ip1 & 9 its doctr9al & sanctify+ p[]4 ,*ri/ian tea*+ affirms t ,*ri/ianity is a div9e fact4 ,anti-,*ri/ian in/ruction d5ies x4 ,:at1 !n1 c neutral in/ruction be8 ,if x nei!r affirm nor d5y1 necess>ily x d\bts1 & consequ5tly x mu/ tea* d\bt4 ,b is n ! tea*+ ( d\bt =mally anti*ri/ian8 ,! div9e ,au?or ( ,*ri/ianity tea*es u t1 9 ! pres5ce ( ! pro(s ( 8 mission1 d\bt is inexcusable3 ,if ,i _h n come & spok5 to !m1 !y w\ld n h s93 b n[ !y h no excuse = _! s94 7,john xv4 #bb47 ,we w see1 9 a few mom5ts1 :y ?is d\bt is inexcusable2 b we only affirm a self-evid5t tru? :5 we decl>e neutrality to be impossible1 because he :o is n = ! fai? is necess>ily aga9/ x1 & to tea* d\bt is only ano!r way to d5y tru?4 ,b p]haps x w be said t neutral in/ruction w say no?+ conc]n+ ?is matt]2 t x w pass by ! fact ( ! ,*ri/ian religion 9 sil5ce2 & t1 )\t relegat+ x to ! doma9 ( my?ology1 x w quietly ignore its exi/5ce4 #dhg ,n[1 ! absurdity ( ?is position is /ill m manife/1 = ,*ri/ianity is l9k$ to ev]y?+ 9 ?is _w4 ,we _c take a /ep 9 hi/ory )\t meet+ ) x2 if y se>* ! annals ( antiquity1 ( ! fir/ c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 ( ! middle ages1 or ( mod]n times1 at e age alike y w see ,*ri/ianity be=e y1 & ev]y:]e x gov]ns all o!r ?+s f its l(ty height4 ,! pret5ce ( sil5ce 9 ?is matt] is !re=e "o ( two ?+s3 x is ei!r nons5se or x is hypocrisy4 ,x is nons5se :5 x is said1 z ,i h rec5tly be5 in=m$ x is 9 a c]ta9 classic "w adopt$ by our s*ools1 t x w conta9 no "q ab\t sacr$ hi/ory1 nor ab\t ! hi/ory ( ! *ur*1 :e!r ( ! old or ! new alliance1 because ^! que/ions are all beyond ! scope ( hi/ory4 ,! *a9 ( facts :i* a ,bossuet has unroll$ 9 8 disc\rse ^u univ]sal hi/ory--t m>vell\s *a9 ( facts beyond ! scope ( hi/ory6 ,! expectation ( r$emption among all ! p ( ! globe1 :i* is prov$ by ! univ]sality ( expiatory sacrifices1 & by =e%ad[+s :i* r$emption c alone make intelligible2 ! e/abli%m5t ( ,*ri/ianity 9 its la/ & def9ite =m1 its civiliz+ influ5ce1 its trials1 its long-cont9u$ /ruggles1 its triumphant exi/5ce--^! are all beyond ! scope ( hi/ory6 ,?is pret5d$ sil5ce1 !n1 is n nons5se1 x is hypocrisy2 x is only1 l ! neutrality :i* x def5ds1 ! holl[ mask ( infidelity4 ,aga91 neutrality is n less impossible 9 ! sph]e ( morals ?an 9 hi/ory4 ,:at is morality8 ,x is ! sci5ce ( duty4 ,by itself1 x is ! sci5ce ( means furni%$ by reason to ov]come our passions4 ,!re=e to morals belong ^! absorb+ que/ions3 ,:y h ! passions revolt$ aga9/ reason8 ,:y does n ! same beautiful h>mony reign 9 ! moral z 9 ! physical ord]8 ,:y are !re1 z x 71 two m5 )9 u1 & :y d we "k :at we ought to d1 & :y d we foll[ ! opposite8 ,:at is ! cause ( ?is deep-seat$ evil1 :i* is only too well kn[n to u all8 ,:at is ! rem$y = x8 ,:]e %all we f9d ! /r5g? to conqu] ?is int]ior revolt8 ,:]e are ! arms ) :i* we c triumph8 ,he :o kn[s n ?is kn[s no?+4 ,b fai? has positive answ]s = ^! fundam5tal que/ions4 ,x tea*es u t ! revolt ( passions 9 human nature is ! fir/ result ( ! revolt ( ! human m9d aga9/ ,god2 t ! s\l1 :i* did n wi% to submit to its ,creator & its ,ma/]1 has rightly suff]$ ! upris+ ( its own slaves1 ! s5ses & ! appetites2 t1 if x w\ld vanqui% !m1 x mu/ humiliate its pride1 lam5t its evil de$s1 implore ! grace ( ,god1 pray to obta9 aga9 its lo/ /r5g?4 ,x tea*es u t by pray] we seize famili>ly ! div9e armor1 armaturam ,dei orantes & t only by its aid c we hope to combat & to triumph4 ,?is is ,*ri/ian tea*+4 ,& w n t tea*+ be anti*ri/ian :i* d5ies :at ,*ri/ianity1 9 ?is respect1 decl>es to be true8 ,c]ta9ly x mu/1 because 9 ! tea*+ ( morals1 to be sil5t conc]n+ ! necessity ( grace & ( pray]1 by :i* man freely obta9s grace1 is to make an av[$ pr(ession ( anti*ri/ianity4 ,to say no?+ ( ! grace :i* /r5g!ns our nature2 to say no?+ ( grace1 :i* n only /r5g!ns1 b elevates nature above itself2 to say no?+ ( ! life ( grace1 z if1 :5 comp>$ ) ! physical & intellectual life1 !re 0 n a f> m noble life1 :i* all m5 h exp]i5c$1 s9ce no "o is completely ab&on$ by its m]ciful inspirations--?is is n a neutral c\rse2 x is anti*ri/ian1 =mally anti*ri/ian4 #dhh ,i might prove to y "h t in/ruction ^u morals is n only anti*ri/ian :5 x is sil5t conc]n+ ! means giv5 u by fai? to conqu] ^! passions1 b also :5 x refuses to recognize ! great motives = fulfill+ our duties1 = ^! motives are s _m ,*ri/ian tru?s4 ,i might %[1 or r recall ! fact1 t ^! tru?s h trans=m$ private & public morality1 t !y h begott5 mod]n civilization2 & ^? are inde$ bl9d & ungrateful :o enjoy ! fruit ( ?is civilization1 :ile !y w\ld mis]ably te> ! fair tree f ! he>ts ( _! ,*ri/ian c\ntrym54 ,b ,i mu/ be satisfi$ ) plac+ ^! argum5ts be=e y2 & ,i am ! m readily cont5t$ ) ?is sket*1 because ,i "k t x is n requisite to say ev]y?+1 9 ord] to be und]/ood4 ,i am conv9c$ t ,i h said en\gh to make x cle>1 bo? to y\r reason & to y\r consci5ce1 t in/ruction mu/ be ,*ri/ian1 or x w become anti*ri/ian2 t sci5ce is necess>ily ei!r = or aga9/ ! holy fai?2 & t its pret5d$ neutrality is only an unmean+ ^w4 ,h5ce x foll[s t ! organization ( public in/ruction on ! basis ( a deceitful neutrality is 9 reality ! affirmation ( anti*ri/ianity 9 ! /ate4 ,footnote #aei ,footnote #aei3 ,9 ,belgium1 !re is a society :i* be>s ! title ( ,! ,league ( ,in/ruction4 ,?is society is free to organize anti*ri/ianity 9 its s*ools1 b always defray+ its own exp5ses1 & at its own risk & p]il4 ,?is society has become dissatisfi$1 because its memb]s "k t !y _c ga9 ! confid5ce ( ! p2 h5ce !y h s\ght to remove ! ob/acles by implor+ ! protection ( ! /ate4 ,,ii4 ,x rema9s = u to see t1 :5 sci5ce decl>es aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 x really d5ies its own pr9ciple1 t is to say1 reason4 ,& :y8 ,because x is reason :i* invokes ! light ( fai?1 & x is reason :i* recognizes x4 ,x is reason :i* invokes ! light ( fai?4 ,= :at is reason8 ,reason is t "o ( our p[]s :i* rea*es aft] tru?2 x is t faculty :i* is ev] =c+ u to se>* out ! :y ( ?+s4 ,x has ev5 ! same "n z its object1 = ! reason & ! :y ( any?+ are "o4 ,aga91 we only act reasonably :5 we "k :y we are act+4 ,ev5 9 our mo/ insignificant actions1 we always propose to ourselves an int5tion1 an end :i* det]m9es !m4 ,9 ord]1 !re=e1 to live reasonably1 we mu/ "k :y4 ,x is necess>y to "k ! :y1 or ! end1 ( life1 s t ! fir/ words ( our cate*ism answ] ! fir/ "q ( reason4 ,:y are y 9 ! _w8 ,is x only to g to ! cemet]y8 ,has man be5 plac$ ^u ! e>? only t he may be ?r[n into a grave8 ,humanity w nev] accept ?is doctr9e4 ,! g5]ations ( ! human race kneel at ! tombs ( _! ance/ors & prote/ aga9/ ?is mon/rosity--! mis]able & absurd sy/em ( ^? :o clamor\sly desire a lib]ty ( ! human m9d1 :i* c only t]m9ate 9 corruption & worms4 ,! human consci5ce & human reason unite 9 decl>+ t life is only a j\rney1 t its end is beyond ! tomb1 & t to die is to atta9 x4 ,b :at d we atta98 ,:]e d we arrive8 #dhi ,"h reason se>*es1 & trembles :ile %e seeks4 ,%e looks1 & feels t %e is p[]less to p5etrate s+le-h&$ into ! abyss ( ! future life4 ,! le>n$ & ! ignorant are equally baffl$1 & c only say1 ,x is necess>y to return to ! o!r _w1 9 ord] to "k :at really is done !re4 ,! gospel tells u ! same2 no "o has p5etrat$ ! heav5s except he :o came f !m3 ,no "o has asc5d$ into heav51 except he :o desc5d$ f heav51 ! ,son ( ,man :o is 9 heav54 ,let u try !n1 bre?r51 to discov] :at reason asks1 & ju/ly asks4 ,x asks ! :y ( life2 x does n c>e to exi/ )\t kn[+ :y & kn[+ x ) c]ta9ty4 ,x c obta9 c]titude 9 _m o!r sph]es ( ?\ght2 b x wi%es to be assur$ ^u ?is f> m ?an ^u any o!r "q4 ,let u1 !n1 /ate h[ reason has c]titude 9 "s o!r matt]s1 & h[ x wi%es & c atta9 x 9 ?is4 ,we "k ! ?+s ( ! ext]ior _w ) c]ta9ty1 & reason tells z to admit t :i* is well atte/$ by ! s5ses4 ,we "k ! ?+s ( ! int]ior _w1 ( t _w :i* is )9 our own brea/s1 because reason tells u to admit :at is reveal$ by our self-consci\sness4 ,we "k ! great mass ( tru?s ( ! intellectual _w ) c]ta9ty1 = our reason tells u t we mu/ ackn[l$ge ! tru?s proclaim$ by evid5ce4 ,we "k t :i* is pass+ ^u ! e>? 9 ! pres5t day4 ,we "k ev5ts :i* occur 9 di/ant qu>t]s ( ! _w1 & we "k ! facts :i* are sep>at$ f u by long int]vals ( "t1 because our reason tells u t hi/ory & ! te/imony ( mank9d are reliable gr\nds ( c]titude4 ,b t :i* we wi% to "k m ?an all ^! ?+s is ! end ( our own exi/5ce2 & we wi% to "k ?is precisely1 because we are reasonable be+s4 ,our reason longs to "k m ( ! mean+ ( our creation2 x desires to "k :at is true 9 reg>d to our end1 because ?is tru? mu/ be div9e & et]nal4 ,b to be c]ta9 ( div9e tru?1 mu/ n reason be will+ to obey ! voice ( ,god8 ,to be c]ta9 ( et]nal tru?1 mu/ we n accept ! te/imony ( et]nity8 ,! te/imony ( ,god 0 implor$ 9 e age1 & f ?is x comes t fai?1 :i* is ! acceptance by human reason ( ,god's revelation1 is a con/ant1 p]petual1 univ]sal fact1 ev5 z ! fact ( reason itself4 ,x is ridicul\s to urge aga9/ ! tru? ( revelation ! v>i\s religions :i* claim to be reveal$2 = ! c\nt]feits ( revelation d n prove m aga9/ x ?an ! p]v]sion ( reason proves aga9/ reason4 ,! w&]+s ( reason d n compel u to d5y ! tru? ( human reason1 s nei!r d ! misrepres5tations & c\nt]feits ( revelation =ce u to d5y its tru?4 ,we h se51 !re=e1 :at reason requires2 let u see h[ x recognizes revelation :5 x meets ) x4 ,!re is a c]ta9 mann] ( speak+ indiff]5tly ( all religions :i* is us$ z a cloak to hide ! desire to conf\nd !m4 ,?is is common 9 ! _w ( lett]s among m5 ( scanty sci5ce4 ,b s]i\s sci5ce1 l a s9c]e consci5ce1 discov]s div9e revelation1 9 spite ( its human alt]ations1 by c]ta9 signs & *>act]i/ic m>ks :i* are unmi/akable4 ,^! signs h be5 multipli$ by ,provid5ce ) love2 b ,i wi% to insi/ "h ^u t tok5 :i* has n only foll[$ pa/ ages 9 _! c\rse1 b has1 if ,i may s speak1 gr[n ) _! gr[?3 t gr& *>act]i/ic :i* reveals ! au?or ( nature1 & :i* assures u ( ! giv] ( revelation1 is unity4 #dij ,! unity ( nature reveals ,god z ! creator1 ! h>mony ( ! heav5s & ( ! e>? rec\nt ! glory ( _! au?or3 ,! heav5s expla9 ! glory ( ,god4 ,x is ! *ant ( ! unity ( space4 ,b ! unity ( "t is n less spl5did ?an ! unity ( worlds2 x is ! h>mony ( c5turies 9 ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o has reveal$ ,god z ! au?or ( revelation4 ,nature & revelation are1 !n1 ! two great works 9 :i* ,god is reveal$ by ! same sign--que5ly & all-p[]ful unity6 ,! unity ( "t 9 ,jesus ,*ri/1 & 9 him alone1 is a fact )\t a p>allel2 m easy = u to rejoice 9 ?an to depict4 ,yet "h is ! ma/]-/roke ( a great p5cil3 ,^! are great facts1 cle>] ?an ! light ( ! sun itself1 :i* make u "k t our religion is z old z ! _w1 & demon/rate t he only c\ld be its au?or :o1 hold+ all ?+s 9 8 h&1 has be5 able to beg9 & cont9ue t :i* holds all c5turies 9 its embrace4 ,to be expect$1 to come1 to be ador$ by a po/]ity :i* w la/ ?r\gh e age1 is ! "* ( him :om we adore1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 ye/]day1 to-day1 & to endless ages1 ! same4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! manife/ sign ( div9e revelation1 ! unity ( "t 9 ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,/4 ,augu/9e spoke ( ?is sign1 consid]+ x1 h[ev]1 "u only "o ( its aspects1 :5 he answ]$ ^? p]sons :o envi$ ! good =tune ( ^? :o conv]s$ ) ! ris5 ,*ri/3 ,! apo/les saw "o ?+1 b !y believ$ ano!r2 & because !y saw1 !y believ$ t :i* !y did n see4 ,!y saw ,jesus ,*ri/ ris51 ! head ( ! ,*ur*1 b !y did n yet see ?is body1 ?is ,univ]sal ,*ur*1 :i* ,jesus ,*ri/ ann\nc$ to !m1 ?is m>vell\s & almo/ incr$ible ,ca?olicity1 ext5d+ ov] e c\ntry1 ) its unbloody sacrifice ( ! great invisible ,victim1 ) ! manife/ation ( consci5ce & remission ( s9s1 ) its p]petuity to ! end ( "t1 ) its c5tre ( unity e/abli%$ by ^! words3 ,?\ art ,pet]1 & ^u ?is rock ,i w build my *ur*1 & ! gates ( hell %all n prevail aga9/ x4 ,! apo/les saw none ( ^! ?+s1 & h[ c\ld !y believe 9 su* app>5tly incr$ible promises8 ,b !y 7 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ris5 ,*ri/2 !y _h se5 him dead & crucifi$1 !y saw him liv+ & glori\s1 & x is f 8 m\? t !y receiv$ ! promise ( t :i* !y did n see4 ,!y h se5 ! head1 says ,/4 ,augu/9e1 & !y h believ$ 9 ! body2 we see ! body1 & we believe 9 ! head4 ,we are l !m1 because we see1 & !re=e we believe t :i* we d n see4 ,x is necess>y = u to recall "h :at ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as says ^u ?is po9t3 ,no "o believes1 unless he sees :at is necess>y to be believ$4 ,x is because we are reasonable t we are believ]s4 ,x is also because we are believ]s1 we are ,*ri/ians2 & x is z ,*ri/ians & *ildr5 ( ,ca?olicity t we love ) ! same affection fai? & sci5ce1 ! pl5itude ( sci5ce1 ! lib]ty & progress ( sci5ce4 ,! pl5itude ( sci5ce1 =1 )\t its h>mony ) ! sph]e ( fai? & ! tru?s :i* surr\nd our fai?1 sci5ce mu/ always be incomplete4 #dia ,!re is a sci5ce to-day :i* calls itself positive mean+ t x is f\nd$ on well-atte/$ facts4 ,x is inde$ good to rely ^u facts4 ,facts %\ld und\bt$ly be ! basis ( natural sci5ce4 ,/ill ! natural sci5ces are n ! only ones :i* %\ld be su/a9$ by facts4 ,! moral ord]1 z well z ! physical1 appe>s to be a magnific5t assemblage ( facts4 ,humanity ) its reason1 its consci5ce1 its sublime incl9ations1 its immortal ye>n+s--is n humanity a gr& fact8 ,!n ?is great fact mu/ be consid]$ z x really exi/s1 9 its entirety1 & n z mutilat$ by ! false _s ( a sy/em4 ,if ! ord] ( facts to :i* positivism w\ld limit u 7 ! only ord]1 d y "k :at humanity w\ld be8 ,an ant :i* disputes ) ! gra9s ( s&4 ,b humanity w nev] all[ itself to be ?us di%onor$4 ,to ! moral fact ( humanity corresponds t :i* we h se5 triumph ov] c5turies--! fact ( revelation4 ,i say x corresponds to !m1 because ,*ri/ian revelation (f]s ! only satisfactory reply to que/ions :i* philosoph]s h always ask$ & nev] answ]$4 ,i say x corresponds1 because ,*ri/ian revelation has alone ?r[n a flood ( light ^u ! my/]ies ( ! positive /ate ( humanity1 & x alone affirms t x be>s a sov]eign rem$y = ! moral disord] ( our nature3 ,come to me1 & ,i w refre% y4 ,d we really possess sci5ce1 !n1 if1 9 ! pres5ce ( ^! two great facts & ( ?is div9e appeal to exp]i5ce1 we ob/9ately close our eyes & %ut our e>s8 ,h we sci5ce :51 )\t inve/igation1 we ass]t z ! fir/ condition ! gratuit\s d5ial ( ! possibility ( ! ?+s t 7 to be exam9$8 ,:at is really ?is pret5d$ sci5tific position8 ,x is ! attitude ( fe>4 ,if sci5ce w\ld be p]fect1 x mu/ inve/igate e ord] ( facts1 inve/igate _! "*1 decl>e _! h>mony4 ,x is :5 x /ates ! h>mony ( ! facts ( ! natural ord] ) ! facts 7,i say facts7 ( ! sup]natural ord]1 ! h>mony ( ! actual condition ( ! human race ) ! revelation :i* enlight5s its dep?s1 !n x is t sci5ce becomes p]fect1 or at lea/ always t5ds m & m t[>d p]fection4 ,! v names :i* repres5t ?is h>mony are1 z y are well aw>e1 ! greate/ names ( sci5ce4 ,b w sci5ce be free1 "s "o asks1 if x is b\nd by revelation8 ,does x cease to be free because x is b\nd by nature8 ,t :i* tr\bles c]ta9 m9ds on ?is po9t is due to a false & pitiable notion ( lib]ty4 ,9 :at respect is lib]ty ev]y:]e di/+ui%$ f lic5se8 ,9 ?is1 t lib]ty always moves )9 ! sph]e ( law1 & lic5se always beyond x4 ,9 ! ord] ( sci5ce1 ! law is ! tru? e/abli%$4 ,! lib]ty ( sci5ce is n1 !n1 absolute 9 its indep5d5ce1 z has be5 rec5tly decl>$ by an academician4 ,no2 lib]ty is n ! indep5d5ce ( sci5ce1 = x consi/s precisely 9 ! fact ( its dep5d5ce ^u tru?4 ,! s]vitude ( sci5ce1 on ! contr>y1 consi/s 9 its dep5d5ce ^u op9ion4 ,inde$1 x is n ! fre$om ( ! human m9d1 b lic5se1 "m ( s]vitude1 :i* pret5ds to-day to r$uce ev]y?+ to op9ion4 ,?is pret5ce is ! negation ( sci5ce4 ,to possess sci5ce is to "k ) c]ta9ty2 to h only op9ions is to d\bt2 & to submit to d\bt is slav]y4 ,! true man ( le>n+ nev] ass]ts :5 he is ignorant2 b sci5ce does n require less c]ta9ty1 & only becomes sci5ce :5 %e c atta9 x4 ,sci5ce is !re=e sci5ce only because ! tru? controls x1 & by controll+ x1 pres]ves x f ! s]vitude ( op9ion1 s t ?is %9+ s5t5ce ( our ,"l conc]ns also ! le>n$3 ,! tru? %all make y free4 #dib ,b does n exp]i5ce %[ t 9 be>+ ! yoke ( tru? we are sure to yield to illusions8 ,i answ]1 is x n prov5 t ^? :o resi/ ! evid5ce ( a div9e ord]1 :e!r 9 ! "w ( revelation or 9 ! "w ( nature1 b5d b5ea? e brea? t passes1 turn+ to e w9d ( doctr9e1 yield to e caprice ( intellect1 & frame _! convictions accord+ to ! phrases :i* are daily set =? by ! press ( bo? hemisph]es8 ,h y nev] met ) "o ( ^! slaves8 ,!y are ready to believe any?+ t is affirm$ )\t evid5ce1 provid$ x is contr>y to ! fai?1 & !y are will+ to accept any !ory z a demon/rat$ fact1 s long z x c be us$ aga9/ ,*ri/ianity4 ,:at is ?is b ! cr$ulity ( incr$ulity8 ,! notion ( progress is n less false among !m ?an t ( lib]ty4 ,d !y n say e day t fai? is incompatible ) progress1 because revelation is immutable8 ,is n nature also immutable8 ,is ! immutability ( nature an ob/acle to ! progress ( natural sci5ce8 ,:y1 !n1 is ! immutability ( revelation1 :i* we h se5 clo!d ) ! same div9e sign z nature--:y1 !n1 is ?is immutability an ob/acle to ! progress ( ! moral sci5ces8 ,is x n conc]n+ ! progress ( ^! sacr$ sci5ces t ,pius ,,ix4 has rec5tly adopt$ ! words ( ,v9c5t ( ,l]9s1 & made !m 8 own8 ,progress exi/s1 & x is v great2 b x is ! true progress ( fai?1 :i* is n con/ant *ange4 ,x mu/ be t ! intellig5ce1 ! sci5ce1 ! wisdom ( all ages1 z well z ( ea* "o 9 p>ticul>1 ( all ages & c5turies ( ! :ole *ur*1 %\ld1 l individuals1 increase & make great1 v great progress2 s t po/]ity may h ! good =tune to und]/& t :i* antiquity v5]at$ )\t compreh5d+2 s t ! preci\s /ones ( div9e dogma may be cut1 exactly adapt$1 wisely ornam5t$1 t !y may enri* u ) _! grace1 _! spl5dor1 & _! beauty1 b always ( ! same k9d1 t is to say1 ! same doctr9e1 9 ! same s5se & ) ! same sub/ance1 s t1 :5 we use new t]ms1 we d n say new ?+s4 ,y und]/& !n1 my bre?r51 t ! immutability ( revelation does n (f] a great] ob/acle to ! progress ( sacr$ sci5ce ?an ! immutability ( nature places 9 ! way ( ! natural sci5ces4 ,! popes 7 n only ! fri5ds ( ! progress ( ! sacr$ sci5ces2 !y 7 ! mo/ ard5t support]s ( all sci5ce1 z well z ( ! progress ( lett]s & arts4 ,! facts :i* prove ?is are s num]\s t ,i %all cont5t myself ) recall+ ^? :i* conc]n y m directly4 ,:o f\nd$ ! univ]sities ( ,ox=d & ,cambridge 9 ,engl&8 ,! popes4 ,:o f\nd$ ! univ]sities ( ,p>is1 ,bologna1 ,f]r>a1 ,salamanca1 ,coimbra1 ,alcala1 ,heidelb]g1 ,prague1 ,cologne1 ,vi5na1 ,l\va91 & ,cop5hag58 ,aga9 ! popes4 ,:o in/itut$ ! pr(essor%ips ( ! ,greek1 ,hebrew1 ,arabic1 & ,*aldaic ,languages at ,p>is1 ,ox=d1 ,bologna1 & ,salamanca8 ,a pope--,clem5t ,v4 ,by :om1 dur+ two c5turies1 7 su/a9$1 enc\rag$1 recomp5s$1 ! works ( savants :i* f9ally l$ to ! k ( ! sy/em ( ! _w8 ,by ! popes & ! c>d9als ( ! holy ,roman ,*ur*4 ,?is is :at ^? ignore :o d n blu% to p]petuate ! fabul\s condemnation ( ,galileo by ! ,*ur*4 #dic ,nei!r ! ,*ur* nor ! sov]eign pontiffs h ev] condemn$ ,galileo4 ,galileo 0 condemn$ by a tribunal ( !ologians1 :o soon )drew ?is condemnation to give a/ronomy ! same lib]ty :i* 0 grant$ to ,galileo himself1 ^: sombre prison is only a romance4 ,:]e 0 ?is sy/em ( ! movem5t ( ! e>? adopt$ by ,cop]nicus1 & !n fir/ taught by ,galileo8 ,at ,rome1 9 #adie1 by ,ni*olas de ,cusa1 pr(essor 9 ! ,roman ,univ]sity1 =ty-eight ye>s be=e ! bir? ( ,cop]nicus1 & "o hundr$ & ?irty-n9e be=e t ( ,galileo4 ,ni*olas de ,cusa def5d$ at t "t ?is sy/em 9 a "w1 d$icat$ to 8 pr(essor1 ,c>d9al ,julian ,ces>9i4 ,pope ,ni*olas ,v4 rais$ ,ni*olas de ,cusa to ! c>d9alate1 & nam$ him ,bi%op ( ,brix51 9 ,tyrol4 ,aga91 x 0 at ,rome1 t[>d ! ye> #aejj1 t ,cop]nicus expla9$ & def5d$ ?is sy/em be=e an audi5ce ( two ?\s& s*ol>s4 ,cop]nicus 0 made ,canon ( ,knigsb]g4 ,celius ,calcagn9i1 :o taught ! sy/em ( ,cusa & ,cop]nicus1 9 ,italy1 ab\t #aeah1 0 appo9t$ apo/olic pro?onot>y by ,clem5t ,,viii41 & confirm$ 9 ?is position ( honor by ,paul ,,iii42 x 0 to ,paul ,,iii4 t ,cop]nicus d$icat$ 8 "w ,de ,revolutionibus ,orbium ,caele/ium4 ,at la/1 :5 ! r5[n$ ,kepl]1 :o develop$ & complet$ ! sy/em ( ,cop]nicus1 0 on ?is acc\nt p]secut$ by ! ,prote/ant !ologians ( ,tb+51 ! ,holy ,see us$ its utmo/ endeavors to place 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,bologna ?is savant1 s ,*ri/ian 9 8 ideas1 & :o _h n m]ely embrac$ ! sy/em ( ,galileo1 b _h giv5 x an imm5se weight by ! au?ority ( 8 immortal discov]ies4 ,if ,i insi/ on ?is episode1 x is because bad fai? is /ubborn 9 its ef=ts to f9d an argum5t aga9/ ! conduct ( ! popes 9 ! great hi/ory ( ! moral progress ( sci5ce4 ,! ,*ur* nev] fe>s ! light4 ,%e kn[s & tea*es t ! light ( reason & ! light ( fai? come f ! same s\rce4 ,%e kn[s t "o ( ^! tru?s w nev] contradict ! o!r1 & t among ! pro(s ( revelation we mu/ n =get its h>mony ) ! sci5ces4 ,! sects _c )/& ! pres5ce ( sci5ce2 nev] has pagan or mussulman become a savant )\t los+ 8 poor1 bewild]+ fai?4 ,x is n s ( ! true religion4 ,f ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria & ,orig5 to ,desc>tes1 ,leibnitz1 ,pascal1 ,kepl]1 & ,de ,mai/re1 to say no?+ ( our contempor>ies1 sci5ce & fai? h dwelt toge!r 9 ! greate/ m9ds ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,cont9ue ?is glori\s tradition1 "y m5 ( ! ,ca?olic univ]sity1 & rema9 always wor?y ( y\r ,alma ,mat]6 ,become truly m51 & y w be m5 ! m p[]ful & useful ! m fai?ful ,*ri/ians y are4 ,& y1 city ( ,l\va91 be ju/ly pr\d ( rema9+1 ?r\gh y\r univ]sity1 ! object ( noble envy to ! nations :i* surr\nd y4 ,irel& has tak5 y = h] model2 ,france & ,ca?olic ,g]many look ^u y1 & endeavor t !y too may possess some?+ :i* resembles y4 ,nev] cease to be y\rself1 ! city ( sci5ce & ( religion1 t y\r *ildr51 ev] fai?ful to ^! two lights1 may be consol$1 dur+ _! life & at ! h\r ( dea?1 by ! ?\ght t _! love has nev] divid$ ^! two great ?+s :i* h be5 unit$ by ! inf9ite wisdom ( ,god4 ---------- #did ,! ,/ory ,( ,m>cel1 ,! ,little ,mettray ,coloni/4 ,*apt] ,,xi4 ,wide o'er ! brim1 ) _m a torr5t swell$1 ,& ! mix$ ru9 ( its banks o'erspread1 ,at la/ ! r\s$-up riv] p\rs along1 ,resi/less1 ro>+1 dreadful4 ,?omson4 ,! fir/ inundations ( ! ,loire ) :i* we are acqua9t$ h be5 made kn[n to u by ! celebrat$ hi/orian & bi%op ,/4 ,gregory ( ,t\rs1 :o has left detail$ acc\nts ( eight dreadful disa/]s t occurr$ 9 ! space ( elev5 ye>s2 t is1 f #ehj to #eia4 ,9 ! ar*ives ( ,france !re is pres]v$ an edict ( ,l\is le ,debonnaire1 son & successor ( ,*>lemagne1 :o1 t\*$ by ! pite\s compla9ts made to him by ! inhabitants ( ,t\ra9e & ,anj\1 ^: h>ve/s 7 9 con/ant dang] f ! sudd5 ris+s ( ! riv]1 ord]$ ! build+ ( dams & embankm5ts1 :i*1 modifi$ by "s ( 8 successors & /r5g!n$ by o!rs1 became at la/ ! magnific5t /ructures we behold !m at ! pres5t day1 betwe5 ,blois & ,t\rs4 ,nev]!less1 ! caprici\s riv] has nev] yet dur+ all ^! long c5turies be5 kept = any "t )9 its b$4 ,its deva/ations 7 fe>ful 9 #adad1 & aga9 9 #afae1 :5 ! sudd5 melt+ ( ! enorm\s masses ( sn[ :i* _h fall5 on ! surr\nd+ c\ntry dur+ ! w9t] caus$ s frightful a cata/rophe t x has s9ce be5 kn[n 9 ,fr5* hi/ory z ! ,deluge ( ,saumur4 ,! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury saw t5 ris+s ( ! ,loire 9 t5 ye>s2 & ! ,duke ( ,sa9t-,simon has left u1 9 8 celebrat$ memoirs1 a notice ( "o 9 #agjh1 :i* 0 ! cause ( mu* mis]y4 ,9 m mod]n times1 ,france has _h1 e eight or t5 ye>s1 to deplore "s dreadful mis=tune aris+ f ! same s\rce1 & ! m favor$ portions ( t beautiful l& h be5 compell$ repeat$ly to come to ! aid ( ! ru9$ population ( ! bas9 ( ! ,loire1 ^: f>m-h\ses _h be5 swept away by ! flood1 _! h>ve/-fields deva/at$1 _! cattle dr[n$1 & :o1 too (t51 alas6 _h also _h to weep ov] irrep>able losses f> m bitt] ?an ^!--! life ( de> ones lo/ 9 ! surg+ wat]s4 ,ab\t five ye>s aft] ,m>cel's admission into ! ,mettray ,colony1 "o ( ! mo/ t]rible ( ^! visitations ov]took ! inhabitants ( ! banks ( ! picturesque /ream4 ,a long cont9uation ( ra9y wea!r _h swoll5 ! ,*] & ! ,alli]1 bo? tribut>ies ( ! ,loire1 & ! riv]1 ris+ sudd5ly1 broke ?r\gh its /rong embankm5ts & spread itself ov] ! c\ntry4 ,! local au?orities1 ( e degree & /ation--prefect1 subprefect1 & mayors--) ! soldi]s1 eng9e]s1 & t[nspeople ( ,t\rs1 all ha/5$ to ! relief ( ! dr[n+ villages & f>ms1 & all did _! duty2 b ev5 among ^! c\rage\s m5 ! "y ,coloni/s di/+ui%$ !mselves by _! en]gy & self devotion4 #die ,! inundation _h comm5c$ 9 ! night1 & :5 daylight reveal$ ! ext5t ( ! disa/]1 ! director assembl$ ! y\?s4 ,boys1 cri$ he1 ! ,loire has ris51 ! c\ntry is "u wat]1 & hundr$s ( families are 9 dang] ( _! lives4 ,boys1 ! olde/ & /ronge/ ( y mu/ g & help to save !m6 ,! lads look$ at "o ano!r an in/ant 9 sil5ce1 !n broke =? 9 a cry t rang f> & ne>1 ,long live ,demetz6 ,long live our director6 a cry t 0 a p]fect explosion ( gratitude & ( pride2 = ! poor fell[s fully compreh5d$ all t _! wise & good director meant !m to und]/&--8 confid5ce 9 _! honor1 _! hone/y1 & _! c\rage4 ,& well !y ju/ifi$ 8 tru/ 9 !m6 ,m ?an a hundr$ 7 soon actively at "w rais+ dikes & clams1 propp+ h\ses1 & c>ry+ succor to ! di/ress$4 ,m>cel1 ,polyc>pe1 & "o ( _! companions1 a "y bak]1 nam$ ,priat1 to :om bo? ( !m 7 mu* atta*$1 7 among ! =emo/ 9 ^! labors4 ,!y _h gone ) "s o!rs to c>ry help to a village conta9+ ab\t tw5ty families2 x 0 situat$ only two hundr$ y>ds f ! riv]1 & completely surr\nd$ by wat]4 ,an imm5se quantity ( wood--wrecks f o!r villages swept away by ! flood--drift$ ab\t 9 ! /reets1 & 0 da%$ incessantly aga9/ ! wat]-soak$ walls ( ! h\ses1 %ak+ !m t]ribly2 two1 inde$1 _h fall5 9 ! night & be5 wa%$ away4 ,on ! ro(s1 or lean+ f ! upp] w9d[s ( ! tott]+ dwell+s1 7 to be se5 ! fright5$ inhabitants implor+ aid2 ! mo!rs hold+ out _! little ones & pray+ = pity4 ,x 0 a he>t-break+ sight1 & ! noise ( ! ev]-ris+ & surg+ riv]1 ( ! w9d & p\r+ ra91 ( ! %ocks ( ! drift-wood1 increas$ ! t]rors ( ! sc5e4 ,nor 0 x possible to approa* ne> en\gh to ! h\ses to save any ( ! un=tunates %riek+ = help2 = e boat belong+ to ! place _h ei!r be5 swamp$ or _h be5 torn f its moor+s by ! ov]:elm+ curr5t & c>ri$ away4 ,let u run to ,sa9t-,pi]re1 cri$ ,polyc>pe1 aft] he & 8 companions _h contemplat$ ! fe>ful spectacle = a few mom5ts ) con/]nation4 ,we may f9d a boat !re6 ,he />t$ (f z he spoke1 foll[$ by half a doz5 ( ! ,coloni/s4 ,m>cel did n accompany !m1 = he _h he>d cries ( di/ress f ! w9dmill1 a %ort di/ance (f1 & _h ha/5$ ?i!r ) ?ree or f\r m4 ,! wat] at ?is po9t 0 q sev5 feet deep1 & ! build+ evid5tly giv+ way4 ,!re seem$ to be no possibility ( sav+ ! mill] & 8 wife & *ild1 = ! flood ru%$ s fi]cely ar\nd ! mill t ! mo/ exp]i5c$ swimm] w\ld n h v5tur$ into x4 ,m>cel 0 gaz+ 9 hopeless pity at ! fat$ build+1 :5 a man on horseback trott$ into ! mid/ ( ! gr\p ( despair+ spectators4 ,a sudd5 ?\ght /ruck ! boy4 ,give me t horse6 cri$ he2 quick1 give me t horse6 ,:at d y mean1 y\ng/]8 ask$ ! man1 some:at surpris$ by ! imp]ative tone & unexpect$ dem& ( ! /rang]4 ,= ,god's sake1 l5d me y\r horse2 e mom5t t we lose may co/ a life6 #dif ,z he spoke he turn$ t[>d ! mill1 :]e ! un=tunate family c\ld be se5 at ! w9d[1 /ret*+ =? _! implor+ h&s & cry+ = help4 ,! travell] got (f 8 horse )\t ano!r ^w1 &1 quick z lightn+1 ,m>cel 0 9 ! saddle & spurr+ ! animal =w>d into ! wat]4 ,be=e 8 surpris$ companions well compreh5d$ :at he int5d$ to d1 !y saw him brea/+ ! furi\s curr5t & /ruggl+ to rea* ! w9dmill4 ,!y saw him rea* x at la/1 & !n ! mill] lett+ d[n 8 wife to him by a rope pass$ "u h] arms4 ,! poor woman held h] *ild clasp$ closely to h] bosom1 & ?\gh %e clung to h] deliv]] ) a grasp t almo/ /rangl$ him1 %e seem$ to ?9k only ( h] babe1 :isp]+ to x z ,m>cel urg$ ! pant+ horse back aga9 to ! l&1 ,?\ art sav$1 my little "o1 ?\ art sav$6 ,! brave boy plac$ ! "m & *ild 9 safety 9 ! h&s ( ! admir+ spectators ( 8 c\rage & self-devotion2 !n1 )\t /ay+ = a mom5t's brea?+ or re/1 =c$ 8 unwill+ horse aga9 into ! flood4 ,?is "t ! own] ( ! good bea/ made "s indignant remon/rances4 ,bo? boy & horse w be lo/1 cri$ he2 !y are bo?1 tir$ n[2 !y c nev] fight aga9/ ! curr5t6 ,:y don't ! mill] ?r[ himself into ! wat] & swim8 ,he's fre% & ! o!rs ar5't4 ,suppose he don't "k h[1 answ]$ "o ( ! by/&]s2 & if he did1 d y ?9k he c\ld /em t torr5t8 ,:y1 he'd be c>ri$ d[n ! ,loire to ! sea1 j l a piece ( /raw1 said ano!r4 ,! horse1 ! horse1 look h[ he /ra9s6 he's giv+ way6 he's lo/ 8 foot+6 cri$ half a doz5 at ?is in/ant4 ,= a mom5t ! /rong1 high-spirit$ animal 0 hurri$ along by ! foam+1 eddy+ /ream1 !n ) a mighty ef=t recov]+ himself he rea*$ ! mill1 & ! mill] _h j "t to drop d[n & cl+ ) a dea?-grip to ! pale1 intrepid rid]1 :5 ! build+ toppl$ ov] & 0 c>ri$ away6 ,cries & te>s ( joy hail$ !m z !y approa*$ ! dry l&2 ! "y ,coloni/s surr\nd$ _! h]oic companion1 & pres5tly bore him (f to ,mettray = a *ange ( clo?+ & "s refre%m5t2 8 trembl+ frame told h[ mu* he ne$$ !m4 ,b ! family he _h sav$ s gallantly did n let him dep>t be=e !y _h ?ank$ him ) te>s ( gratitude1 :ile ! own] ( ! noble horse press$ 8 h& 9 bo? ( 8 & swore to be 8 fri5d ?r\gh life4 ,y're a brave fell[1 & ,i honor y1 cri$ he4 ,i'll be y\r fri5d1 & a true "o1 or my "n's n ,*>les ,rodez6 ,! poor mill] ) 8 wife & *ild 7 tak5 to a h\se prep>$ to receive & succor ! un=tunate victims ( ! inundation4 ,food & w>m clo?+ & b$s 7 "h ready = ! half-/>v$ & half-dr[n$ families t 7 arriv+ cont9ually--poor1 despair+ p :o _h mo/ ( !m lo/ _! little all1 & "s ( !m a fa!r1 or husb&1 or *ild4 ,sc>cely _h ,m>cel1 cold & wet1 b v happy1 be5 borne (f 9 triumph by 8 comrades1 :5 !re appe>$ on ! road1 com+ t[>d ! village1 a great truck drawn by two horses1 & load$ ) a l>ge boat & its o>s4 ,polyc>pe & 8 fri5d ,priat _h be5 successful 9 _! se>*1 & 7 n[ return+ at ! head ( ! little b& ( ,coloni/s :o _h foll[$ !m to ,sa9t-,pi]re4 #dig ,! p 9 ! wat]-logg$ h\ses ( ! village fairly scream$ ) hope & joy :5 !y saw ! procession1 & !n ! boat tak5 (f & laun*$4 ,a doz5 ,coloni/s 7 eag] to jump 91 b ,polyc>pe & ,priat 7 giv5 ! prec$5ce1 & !y1 ) ano!r well-gr[n y\?1 pres5tly pu%$ (f into ! fa/ & furi\s /ream4 ,x 0 h>d "w to keep cle> ( ! drift+ beams t 7 hurl$ along1 r ?an c>ri$1 by ! curr5t ?r\gh ! n>r[ /reets ( ! village2 h>d] /ill to get ! boat ne> en\gh to ea* tott]+ h\se to take (f ! fright5$ family f ! ro( or out ( ! w9d[s4 ,once1 inde$1 x came ne> be+ swamp$1 ) eight p]sons on bo>d1 by ! sudd5 fall+ ( a wall ( ! h\se f :i* !y _h j be5 sav$4 ,polyc>pe's quick eye saw ! com+ dang] 9 "t to give su* a vigor\s pull ) 8 o> t ! boat sprang =w>d j out ( rea* ( ! /ones & beams1 b %e 0 s viol5tly rock$ by ! concussion ( ! fall+ mat]ials ) ! wat] t x seem$ a miracle t %e did n capsize4 ,& once1 too1 ! brave boy miss$ 8 foot+ z he climb$ on a ro( to take (f a lame old man1 & fell headlong into ! wat]4 ,an admirable swimm] & div]1 he did n lose 8 pres5ce ( m9d1 b pass$ "u ! boat & came up on ! o!r side2 he 0 soon haul$ 9 by poor ,priat1 :o 0 m fright5$ & affect$ by ?is accid5t ?an by any o!r ev5t ( t t]rible day4 ,all day long ! "w ( rescue w5t on4 ,:5 ! ?ree r[]s 7 exhau/$ ) fatigue1 ?ree o!rs took _! places4 ,!re 0 n "o among ! "y ,coloni/s :o hung back or %irk$ ! dang]2 n "o :o did n give pro( ( c\rage & ,*ri/ian *>ity4 ,! boat w5t & came1 until1 at la/1 "o aft] ano!r1 all ! poor peasants 7 9 safety4 ,:5 night fell1 n a h\se ( ! village 0 left /&+1 b n a life _h be5 lo/4 ,*apt] ,,xii4 ,n always full ( leaf1 nor ev] spr+1 ,n always endless night1 nor yet et]nal day2 ,! sadde/ birds a season f9d to s+1 ,! r\ghe/ /orm a calm may soon allay4 ,?us ) succe$+ turns ,god temp]e? all1 ,t man may hope to rise1 & fe> to fall4 ,s\?well4 ,! s]vices r5d]$ by ! "y ,coloni/s dur+ ! inundation attract$ unusual att5tion to ! ,colony1 & visitors f ,t\rs1 & ev5 f ,p>is1 flock$ 9 numb]s to ,mettray e ,?ursday & ,sunday4 ,! aft]noons ( ^! two days 7 set ap>t = ! public1 :o 7 p]mitt$ to be pres5t at ! boys' gymna/ic ex]cises1 & = ^: pleasure ! b& ( ! milit>y e/abli%m5t p]=m$ its be/ pieces4 ,on "o ( ^! occasions1 ab\t a c\ple ( mon?s aft] ! ev5ts we h endeavor$ to describe 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 ,m>cel rem>k$ a g5tleman ^: c\nt5ance he seem$ to rememb]1 :o appe>$ to be look+ at him1 almo/ exam9+ him1 ) mu* att5tion4 ,t[>d ! close ( ! ex]cises1 he p]ceiv$ ! same g5tleman 9 conv]sation ) "o ( ! head-(fic]s ( ! place4 ,pres5tly !y came to him4 ,m>cel1 said ! (fic]1 ?is g5tleman wi%es to ask y a few que/ions4 ,i want to ask y1 my boy1 if y recollect ev] to h se5 me be=e6 said ! g5tleman1 ) an enc\rag+ smile4 #dih ,yes1 sir1 repli$ ,m>cel2 ,i believe t ,i h4 ,i ?9k t y are ! ,commiss>y ( ,police 9 ! ,rue des ,noy]s4 ,i 02 ,i see t ,i am n mi/ak5 ei!r4 ,i nev] did =get a face t /ruck me4 ,y are ! boy :o1 "s ye>s s9ce1 f\nd a bag ( ,napoleons 9 ! /reet & br\ght x to me4 ,am ,i n "r8 ,yes1 sir1 said ,m>cel1 look+ d[n4 ,well1 my good fell[1 y\r hone/y sav$ a poor man f a brok5 he>t2 b he 0 v ill = a long "t f ! dreadful emotions ( t night1 & circum/ances prev5t$ my seek+ y out imm$iately1 & s x happ5$ t1 :5 ,i did g to ! address y gave me1 ,i only le>nt t ! woman ) :om y liv$ 0 dead1 & no "o c\ld tell me any?+ ab\t y4 ,i suspect t no "o w\ld4 ,p]haps ,i 0 recogniz$ to be ! ,commiss>y ( ,police1 & inspir$ no great confid5ce4 ,b ,i am glad to see y aga91 my boy4 ,i h j le>n$ some?+ ( y\r hi/ory1 & ,i rejoice to f9d t ,i 0 n mi/ak5 9 ! op9ion ,i =m$ ( y t night t y br\ght me ! bag4 ,i (t5 regrett$ t y receiv$ no rew>d4 ,i don't "k h[ x happ5$ ei!r4 ,y're a brave fell[1 too1 z well z an hone/ "o1 !y tell me4 ,%ake h&s1 w y8 ,he took ,m>cel's h& z he spoke2 ! boy bur/ into te>s2 ! pa/ return$ s vividly to 8 recollection at t mom5t2 ! commiss>y's long spee* br\ght back s mu* t _h almo/ be5 =gott51 s mu* mis]y & %ame & s91 t ! diff]5t pres5t ov]p[]$ him4 ,! good-natur$ visitor patt$ him on ! %\ld] 9 a k9d1 fa!rly mann]1 8 eyes gli/5+ ) sympa?y4 ,come1 said he pres5tly1 tell me :at y int5d to d :5 y leave ! ,colony4 ,i he> t y\r "t w soon be out n[4 ,:at trade h y le>n$8 ,i am a g>d5]1 repli$ ,m>cel4 ,i always lov$ fl[]s1 & ,i %\ld l to cultivate !m4 ,q "r1 said 8 new-f\nd fri5d4 ,well1 ,i %all look out = a place = y4 ,& n[1 my boy1 rememb] t ,i am y\r fri5d1 a s9c]e "o1 & be sure to write to me 9 any em]g5cy4 ,?is is my address1 ,m4 de ,morel1 ,rue du ,luxemb\rg1 ,p>is2 take c>e ( ?is c>d1 & d n =get to let me "k two or ?ree mon?s be=e y leave ! ,colony4 ,he gave ,m>cel 8 c>d1 ) ano!r cordial %ake ( ! h&1 &1 return+ to 8 p>ty1 %ortly aft] left ! e/abli%m5t4 ,m>cel _h a long talk ) ! fa!r ( ! family & ,polyc>pe t ev5+4 ,!y bo? agre$ t ! promis$ influ5ce ( ,m4 de ,morel 0 a bright prospect = ,m>cel's future c>e]4 ,?is fri5d%ip1 h[ev]1 is n absolutely necess>y = y\r prosp]ity h]eaft]1 ,m>cel1 said ! fa!r4 ,y "k well t ,mettray nev] ab&ons h] *ildr54 ,our good director w\ld f9d y a suitable situation1 & cont9ue to wat* ov] y\r int]e/s4 ,b /ill ,i ?9k y mu/ d z ?is k9d g5tleman wi%es4 ,x is a pleasant & useful ?+ to h fri5ds2 "o _c h too _m good ones6 ,y w get acqua9t$ ) ! poor cl]k1 v likely1 rem>k$ ,polyc>pe4 ,w\ldn't y be glad to "k him8 ,i %\ld1 ,i ?9k4 ,yes1 ,i ?9k ,i %\ld too1 answ]$ ,m>cel ?\ghtfully4 #dii ,! fri5ds w5t to b$ t night v happy2 ,m>cel to dream ( t future g>d51 ! aim ( all 8 ambition1 9 :i* he w&]$1 h& 9 h& ) ! poor cl]k1 until ! cl>ion s\nd$2 ,polyc>pe to fancy himself m>*+1 drums beat+1 colors fly+1 at ! head ( a regim5t ( ,z\aves6 ,!re is n a pleasant] place 9 ,p>is ?an ! ,g>d5 ( ,plants--! p's delight & ! p's own6 ,:o t has se5 x 9 spr+ c =get its magnific5t av5ues ( l9d5-trees1 fragrant ) ! delici\s p]fume ( ! tassel-l blossoms2 its gr& old *e/nut-trees1 cov]$ ) spikes ( creamy-:ite or rose-color$ fl[]s2 its lilac-bu%es1 its pe>-trees1 :ite ) blossoms1 z if !y _h be5 sn[$ on6 ,& !n ! twitt] ( birds1 m+l$ ) ! bleat+ ( %eep & goats1 & ! s(t l[+ ( c[s6 ,delightful sights & s\nds 9 ! v he>t ( poor old ,p>is1 close by ! door ( ! hospital6 ',tis !re t ! pale ,p>isian workman sp5ds 8 holiday ) 8 wife & *ildr52 'tis !re ! little ones le>n to love & be g5tle to ,god's creatures4 ,h[ pleasant x is 9 ! w>m summ]-"t1 :5 ! %ady av5ues are cr[d$ ) b&s ( happy *ildr51 jump+ ! rope or play+ at hide-&-seek beh9d ! ?ick trunks ( ! old trees plant$ by ,buffon1 :ile _! smil+ mo!rs sit ne> ) _! sew+4 ,h[ beautiful !n are ! gay p>t]res ( bright-color$ fl[]s s skilfully gr\p$1 s h>moni\sly contra/$6 ,h[ int]e/+ ! ri* botanic g>d51 :]e s _m /range exotic plants1 ea* ) its common z well z sci5tific "n legibly inscrib$ ne> x1 c be freely & conv5i5tly /udi$ by all6 ,:o t has climb$ ! little hill1 on ^: summit /&s ! ,c$> ( ,lebanon1 & re/$ b5ea? ! glori\s spread+ bran*es1 has n felt x a he>t-w>m+ sight to wat* ! cr[ds ( h>d-work+ p rambl+ ) _! *ildr5 amid/ ! trees & fl[]s ( ?is magnific5t g>d52 "h /opp+ to fe$ ! pati5t elephant1 :o seems to pass 8 life begg+ = bits ( bread2 "h contemplat+1 ) "s av]sion p]haps1 ! clumsy hippopotamus ba?+ its unwieldy =m 9 its tank2 !n mak+ a long pause be=e ! monkeys' palace1 :]e "s tw5ty ( ^? natural gymna/s excite ro>s ( laught] by _! tricks2 & !n aga9 be=e ! great cage ( ! _m-color$ p>rots1 t look to ! delight$ *ildr5 l giant fly+-fl[]s8 ,& z !y /roll along1 ! goats & %eep1 & s(t-ey$ gazelles & fawns1 t beg by ! way1 get ea* a few crumbs ( black bread & _m c>esses2 & ! boys je/ en passant ) ! be> at ! bottom ( 8 pit--,old ,m>t9 !y call him--& !y bribe him to climb ! great pole plac$ expressly = him1 ) a bit ( cru/2 & ! little girls pity ! eagle z !y pass by 8 n>r[ grat$ prison4 ,sitt+ !re "u ! c$>1 ! eye falls almo/ involunt>ily on a gr\p ( pretty h\ses1 ne/l$ toge!r 9 a corn] n f> f ! ,museums ( ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,!y are ! resid5ces ( _m ( ! pr(essors atta*$ to ! ,g>d5 ( ,plants--pr(essors ( botany1 ( comp>ative anatomy1 ( m9]alogy & geology1 ( natural hi/ory1 etc4--m5 ( _w-wide reputations1 :om ! privileg$ inhabitants ( ,p>is may he> lecture on ^! v>i\s sci5ces1 9 well-v5tilat$1 well-w>m$ halls1 twice e week1 = no?+4 #ejj ,9 an out ( ! way nook1 b q ne> to ! homes ( ^! celebrat$ m51 !re 0 "o qua9t1 old-fa%ion$ little h\se :i*1 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye> #ahei1 _h be5 appropriat$ z ! dwell+ ( "o ( ! head-g>d5]s1 a "y man ( great intellig5ce 9 8 pr(ession1 & :o _h lately be5 appo9t$ to ! situation4 ,x 0 a v little h\se1 x is true1 b l>ge en\gh = ! t5ant & 8 "y1 newly-made wife1 :o ?\ght x1 = h] "p1 ! sweete/ ne/ ev] built4 ,x 0 cov]$ ) climb+ roses2 !y c\ld sc>cely be %ut out by ! w9d[s & doors1 s t x _h receiv$ ! "n ( ,! ,h\se ( ! ,roses4 ,outside1 x ne$$ no o!r ornam5t to be beautiful2 inside1 its *>ms 7 neatness1 *e]fulness1 cleanl9ess1 & quiet4 ,b ! aft]noon t we pres5t x to our read]s ! little h\se 0 9 a bu/le1 = wife ,gabrielle & h] maid ,m>ie 7 prep>+ a d9n] f> m elaborate ?an 0 usual 9 t simple h\sehold1 & v anxi\s 7 ! two little wom5 t e di% %\ld be wor?y ( ! occasion1 = ! banquet 0 to fea/ ! return ( an old fri5d f ! w> 9 ,italy4 ,! ma/] ( ! h\se _h b j got home f 8 daily occupations :5 !re came a vigor\s r+ at ! door1 & he ran to op5 x4 ,m>cel6 ,polyc>pe6 ,! two fri5ds ?rew !mselves into ea* o!r's arms1 unable to utt] ano!r ^w4 ,h[ well & happy y look6 exclaim$ ,polyc>pe at la/1 lay+ 8 h& c>ess+ly on 8 fri5d's %\ld] & gaz+ affectionately at him4 ,& y1 ,polyc>pe1 :at a trem5d\s fell[ y are ) y\r turban & y\r great be>d6 return$ ,m>cel1 look+ ) admiration at ! supple1 s9ewy =m ( ! h&some ,z\ave1 on ^: broad *e/ %one ! ,cross ( ! ,legion ( ,honor4 ,! blu%+ "y wife receiv$ h] husb&'s old fri5d ) a cordiality t soon put ! soldi] q at 8 ease1 & by ! "t ! d9n] 0 end$ !y 7 *att+ toge!r z if !y 7 acqua9tances ( t5 ye>s' /&+4 ,n[1 ,m>cel1 said ,polyc>pe1 :5 ! happy trio 7 quietly seat$ 9 ! little salon ?r\gh ^: op5 w9d[s ! fre% roses peep$ 91 p]fum+ ! s(t ev5+ air--n[1 ,m>cel1 y mu/ tell me some?+ m ab\t y\rself ?an ! few lett]s ,i h receiv$ f y h conta9$4 ,fir/1 let me tell y some?+1 ,monsieur ,polyc>pe1 cri$ ,gabrielle4 ,let me tell y t ,i %all be grateful to y1 & love y z a bro!r to my dy+ day1 = hav+ sav$ ,m>cel f be+ a soldi]4 ,madam1 repli$ ! ,z\ave1 laugh+1 y mu/ love me z y\r bro!r1 b y owe me no gratitude4 ,:y1 ,i _h always wi%$ to be a soldi]1 & x 0 ! mo/ natural ?+ 9 ! _w t ,i %\ld ex*ange my good numb] = ,m>cel's bad "o4 ,b t draw+ = ! conscription is really a dreadful ordeal6 ,?ank ,god t y h come back to u6 ejaculat$ ,m>cel s(tly4 ,oh6 t horrible battle ( ,solf]9o6 cri$ ,gabrielle ) a %udd]4 ,:5 ,m>cel knew t y _h be5 engag$ 9 x1 ,i ?\ght t he w\ld g di/ract$1 until he 0 assur$ ( y\r safety4 ,he ought to h se5 u ,z\aves1 h[ ready we 7 = ! fight2 n a man among u :o w\ld h back$ out6 #eja ,x 0 because ,i knew y\r impetuosity1 ,polyc>pe1 said ,m>cel1 t ,i despair$ ( ev] see+ y aga94 ,well1 my fri5d6 said ! soldi]1 press+ 8 fri5d's h&1 "h ,i am1 safe & s\nd1 ) two legs & two arms2 !re is _m a brave man :o came back f ,solf]9o :o _c say t6 ,i h always be5 lucky1 cont9u$ he aft] a %ort pause2 ,i ent]$ ! army a simple soldi]1 )\t a s+le fri5d1 & yet "h ,i am ) ! ,cross ( ! ,legion ( ,honor1 & next mon? ,i %all get my epaulettes6 ,i am n surpris$1 n 9 ! lea/ surpris$4 ,y act$ l a h]o 9 ,italy1 ,i "k1 or y w\ld n h be5 decorat$6 ,we %all see y a capta9 soon6 ,& ,gabrielle clapp$ h] little h&s ) delight at ! ?\ght4 ,come1 ,m>cel1 cri$ ,polyc>pe1 laugh+1 ,i %all become too va9 if ,i li/5 to y\r wife any long]4 ,come1 tell me2 :5 we p>t$1 y = ,p>is1 & ,i = ! army1 h[ did y get on8 ,x w be a twice-told tale to y1 ,polyc>pe1 = y mu/ h receiv$ my lett]s6 ,nev] m9d6 ,!re are gaps 9 :at ,i "k ( y\r do+s1 & !y mu/ be fill$ up4 ,well1 !n1 aft] t pa9ful p>t+ ) our fri5ds at ,mettray1 ,i proce$$ to ,p>is1 & w5t imm$iately to see ,m4 de ,morel2 he 0 j z cordial z he _h giv5 me reason to believe he w\ld be1 & "o ( ! v fir/ ?+s he did 0 to take me to see ,gabrielle's fa!r4 ,d y "k :o he 01 ,monsieur ,polyc>pe1 or is t "o ( ! gaps y m5tion$8 int]rupt$ ,gabrielle1 smil+4 ,oh6 no1 t is n a gap1 repli$ ! soldi]4 ,i "k t x 0 y\r fa!r :o lo/ ! bag ( gold ,m>cel 0 s =tunate z to f9d4 ,:at a dreadful remembrance t night is to u all ev5 n[6 ,i 0 v "y !n1 b ,i c p]fectly recollect my poor fa!r's despair1 & my "m's bitt] weep+4 ,i h nev] s9ce he>d ( a sum ( money be+ f\nd1 )\t pictur+ to myself ! los]'s agony1 & "s su* sc5e ( wret*$ness z ,i witness$ 9 my own home6 ,monsieur ,tixi] receiv$ me z if ,i 7 8 son1 cont9u$ ,m>cel4 ,well1 y 7 to be6 said ,gabrielle ar*ly4 ,b ,i c]ta9ly nev] %\ld h d>$ to h ?\ght ( su* a ?+ !n1 repli$ h] husb&1 smil+4 ,i saw ,mademoiselle ,gabrielle sitt+ at "w by h] "m's side2 b ,i little dreamt t t fair "y girl w\ld ev] be my wife6 ,h[ glad we 7 to see him1 y c imag9e1 ,monsieur ,polyc>pe6 ,we _h want$ = ye>s to prove our gratitude to him6 ,b y "k we _h nev] be5 able to f9d him4 ,9 ! /reet :]e he us$ to live !y told fa!r t ,pelagie ,vautr9 0 dead1 & ! family ) :om ,m>cel liv$ _h mov$4 ,y c und]/& h[ t happ5$1 ,polyc>pe1 cont9u$ ,m>cel1 = y "k t y\r un=tunate fa!r 0 nev] se5 aga9 aft] t day :5 we s ha/ily fl$ ! h\se4 ,& !n y\r "m & ,l\l\ left ! neighborhood4 ,poor fa!r1 poor "m1 bo? gone6 sigh$ ! soldi]4 ,h[ (t5 h ,i hop$ to possess a dec5t home ( my own t ,i might save !m f a mis]able old age6 ,!y are bo? gone1 = ,i _c help believ+ t my fa!r is dead4 #ejb ,l\l\ w be a com=t to y2 ! good si/]s 9 ,rue ,/4 ,jacques h br\ght h] up well4 ,%e is a good1 indu/ri\s girl1 & an excell5t ne$lewoman4 ,gabrielle has _h h] to sp5d ! day ) u twice1 & we are v fond ( h]4 ,madame ,gabrielle1 h[ c ,i ?ank y6 ,:at k9d1 good fri5ds y are to me6 ,! brave ,z\ave hid 8 face = a mom5t 9 8 h&s2 :5 he rais$ x1 8 *eeks gli/5$ z if !y _h j be5 wa%$ ) te>s4 ,g on1 ,m>cel1 :at happ5$ aft] y _h made ! acqua9tance ( ,m4 ,tixi]8 ,v %ortly aft]1 ,m4 de ,morel succe$$ 9 gett+ me a place 9 ! /aff ( g>d5]s atta*$ to ! ,g>d5 ( ,plants1 & "h ,i h work$ /eadily on :ile y h be5 fight+ my battles1 ,polyc>pe4 ,y h f\ght y\r own1 ,m>cel1 & manfully too6 ,happy ye>s !y h be5--my pr(ession pleas$ me1 & ,i made _m fri5ds1 & z "t w5t on ,i 0 promot$1 until1 at la/1 six mon?s ago1 ,i 0 appo9t$ "o ( ! head-g>d5]s1 ) a good sal>y & ?is little h\se r5t free4 ,& !n1 ,monsieur ,polyc>pe1 my good fa!r1 :o _h kn[n = a long "t t ,m>cel & ,i lov$ "o ano!r de>ly1 made him und]/& t my "m w\ld be happy to call him h] son6 ,yes1 :5 my way 0 cle> be=e me1 my good fri5d be/[$ on me ! be/ little wife t ev] man 0 bless$ )2 & :]e d y ?9k we w5t = our w$d+ trip8 ,:]e8 ,:y1 to ,mettray1 ( c\rse1 cri$ ,polyc>pe excit$ly4 ,yes1 to ,mettray4 ,we /aid ) ,rodez at ,t\rs2 he 0 v k9d to u1 & took u to see all our fri5ds4 ,fir/ ( all1 ,priat2 he is =eman to ! ri*e/ bak] 9 ! t[n1 & is v highly e/eem$ by 8 ma/]4 ,he 0 v glad to see me aga91 & we talk$ a great deal ( y & ( ! ,z\aves4 ,good fell[6 ,i %all g to see him1 "o ( ^! days6 exclaim$ ,polyc>pe4 ,yes1 d4 ,!n we w5t to ,mettray4 ,h[ my he>t beat :5 ,i caught sight aga9 ( ! *apel /eeple6 ,i saw _m new faces1 b our k9d director1 & ! good abbe1 & ! fa!r ( our family 7 !re j ! same1 all well1 & s glad to see me1 & s glad to "k t ,i 0 prosp]\s & happy2 & !y admir$ my little wife s mu*6 ,en\gh1 en\gh1 ,m>cel6 int]rupt$ ,gabrielle1 brightly blu%+ & smil+4 ,m>cel1 said ,polyc>pe aft] a %ort sil5ce1 ,i h be5 on ! battle-field1 my comrades fall+ by hundr$s ar\nd me1 :ile ,i 0 sp>$2 ,i h se5 dea? 9 its mo/ fe>ful %apes1 & human suff]+ inconceivable to ! imag9ation ( ^? :o h n witness$ x1 & ,i h escap$1 unhurt1 unt\*$2 b ,i decl>e to y t :5 ! battle 0 ov] & ! dang] pa/1 ,i nev] felt t ov]p[]+ gratitude t fills my he>t :5 ,i rememb] ,mettray4 ,=1 aft] all1 :at is physical pa91 :at is ! loss ( ?is life comp>$ to t corruption ( ! he>t & consci5ce t 0 ours :5 we fir/ ent]$ ! ,colony8 ,i d n believe t ,i h ev] clos$ my eyes 9 sleep s9ce ,i quitt$ t sav+ home be=e pray+1 ',god bless ! f\nd]s ( ,mettray6' ---------- #ejc ,prote/antism ,a ,failure4 ,footnote #afj ,footnote #afj3 #a4 ,failure ( ,prote/antism1 & ,ca?olicism ! ,rem$y3 ,f\r ,disc\rses deliv]$ by ! ,rev4 ,f4 ,c4 ,ew]1 ,d4,d41 9 ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 ,fif? av5ue1 ,new ,york4 ,report$ 9 ! ,new ,york ,times1 #ahfh4 #b4 ,dr4 ,ew]'s ,reply to ,dr4 ,adams & ,o!rs1 9 ,def5ce ( 8 ,disc\rses on ! ,failure ( ,prote/antism1 & ,ca?olicism ! ,rem$y4 ,report$ 9 ! ,new ,york ,_w1 ,novemb] #af?1 #ahfh4 ,dr4 ,ew] is a ,prote/ant ,episcopal m9i/] ( ,*ri/ ,*ur* 9 ?is city1 & is1 we are assur$1 no ord9>y man4 ,afflict$ 9 e>ly life ) d\bts ( ! tru? ( reveal$ religion1 b subsequ5tly gett+ ! bett] ( !m1 he jo9$ ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 became an ,episcopalian m9i/] 9 ,cali=nia1 :5ce he 0 call$ to ! pa/orate ( ,*ri/ ,*ur* 9 ?is city4 ,he is1 we are told1 a man ( great ability1 ( g5u9e eloqu5ce1 & a true pulpit orator4 ,he appe>s to be an hone/ & e>ne/-m9d$ man1 :o took s]i\sly ! *ur* pret5sions ( ,episcopalians1 treat$ ! ,episcopal ,*ur* z a real ,*ri/ian *ur*1 9 :i* he might hold1 develop1 & def5d :at he reg>d$ z real *ur* pr9ciples4 ,b he f\nd t he _h c\nt$ )\t 8 ho/1 t is1 )\t 8 ve/ry1 ) :om ! pr9cipal p[] 9 ,episcopalian *ur*es is lodg$4 ,8 ve/ry or w>d5s compla9$ ( 8 prea*+1 & c5sur$ 8 doctr9e z t5d+ ,romew>d1 or z n suffici5tly ,prote/ant4 ,l a brave man1 he answ]$ _! compla9+s by ^! f\r disc\rses1 9 :i* he di/9ctly ass]ts ! failure ( ,prote/antism z a religi\s sy/em1 & ,ca?olicism z ! rem$y4 ,no?+ c\ld be m />tl+ to a ,prote/ant congregation1 & x seems to h />tl$ to a consid]able ext5t ! :ole ,am]ican ,prote/ant public4 ,b we are b\nd to say1 if any "o imag9es t 9 ^! disc\rses ,dr4 ,ew] rejects ,prote/antism = ! *ur* 9 communion ) ! ,roman ,apo/olic ,see1 he is v mu* 9 error4 ,dr4 ,ew]1 9 ! tra9 ( ! ,ox=d ,tracts1 ! ,puseyites1 & ! ,rituali/s1 disclaims ,prote/antism1 proves unansw]ably t x 0 a blund]1 & is z a religion a disa/r\s failure2 b ! ,ca?olicity he looks to = a rem$y is ( a v diff]5t /amp f ours1 & :e!r x be a g5u9e ,ca?olicity or n1 he claims to be z f> f be+ a ,romani/ z he ?9ks he is f be+ a ,prote/ant4 ,rome1 he says1 fail$ 9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 z ,prote/antism has fail$ 9 ! n9ete5?4 ,t ,prote/antism 0 a sad blund]1 & has prov$ a disa/r\s failure1 ,ca?olics h prov$ ov] & ov] aga92 & on ?is po9t ,dr4 ,ew] has said no m nor bett] ?an !y _h said be=e him4 ,he has said no m ?an 0 said by ! ,ox=d m51 or ?an is said e day by ! ,rituali/s1 :o are s /rong 9 ! ,engli% ,*ur* t its au?orities d n d>e condemn1 & are oblig$ to tol]ate !m4 ,! ,conv5tion ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 lately 9 session 9 ?is city1 c\ld n by any means be induc$ to take any action aga9/ !m1 or to d any?+ to favor ! p>ty 9 ! *ur* oppos$ to !m4 ,! ,anglican ,*ur*1 or a consid]able portion ( x1 w\ld1 if x c\ld1 l to get rid ( ! "n ( ,prote/ant1 & assume t ( ,ca?olic4 ,x is gr[+ a%am$ ( its orig9 & pr9ciples1 & x has _m noble memb]s :o are do+ _! be/ to br+ its doctr9e & =m ( wor%ip up to ! level ( ,ca?olicity4 #ejd ,dr4 ,ew] inde$ says no?+ ( ,prote/antism t all ?9k+ m5 d n see & "k z well z he4 ,prote/antism 0 always m political & national ?an religi\s4 ,x orig9at$ *iefly ) ! pr9ces ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 :o 7 oppos$1 = secul> reasons1 to ! pope1 or wi%$ to fright5 him 9 ord] to br+ him to _! t]ms2 & x reli$ :olly on ! civil p[] to diffuse1 protect1 & def5d x4 ,n[1 :5 ! civil p[]s are ab&on+ x z no long] necess>y to _! purposes1 & giv+ p>tial or complete lib]ty to ,ca?olics1 x is able to make a %[ ( su/a9+ itself only by =m+ an intimate alliance ) ! unbelief & naturalism ( ! age4 ,x is n an insignificant circum/ance t1 :5 rec5tly ! attempt1 = political purposes1 0 made 9 ,engl& to revive ! ,no ,pop]y cry1 once s effective1 x :olly fail$4 ,! ,prote/ant m9d 9 ! ,prote/ant _w is evid5tly drift+ away f ! ,re=mation1 ev5 if n drift+ t[>d ! *ur*4 ,b ?\gh ! "p ( ,dr4 ,ew]'s disc\rses :i* s effectually prove ! failure ( ,prote/antism z a religi\s sy/em is ! "p mo/ satisfactory to u1 we mu/ = v>i\s reasons conf9e ! rem>ks we design to make *iefly to ! rem$y propos$4 ,! error1 nay1 ! blund]1 ! au?or assures u1 0 9 break+ away f ! ,"o ,holy ,ca?olic ,*ur* ( ! ,bible & ! ,cre$1 & sett+ up 9 its place ! ,bible int]pret$1 by ! private _s or private judgm5t1 almo/ inevitably t5d+ to discr$it ! ,bible1 & to develop 9 pure rationalism or naturalism2 ! rem$y1 ( c\rse1 mu/ be 9 ! return to ?is ,"o ,ca?olic ,apo/olic ,*ur* ) its div9ely in/itut$ prie/hood1 its augu/ sacrifice1 its sacram5ts1 sacr$ rites1 & pl5>y au?ority 9 matt]s ( fai? & discipl9e4 ,?is1 if ass]t$ by u1 w\ld be v intelligible to all ! _w1 & w\ld mean a return to ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,apo/olic ,*ur*1 or *ur* 9 communion ) ! ,apo/olic ,see ( ,rome1 ! ,see or ! ,*air ( ,pet]4 ,b ,dr4 ,ew] takes great pa9s to h u und]/& t ?is is n 8 mean+1 & t 9 reject+ ,prote/antism he is f> f accept+ ,romanism1 or ,roman ,ca?olicity4 ,! puzzle1 !n1 is to det]m9e :at1 :i*1 or :]e is ! ,"o ,ca?olic ,apo/olic ,*ur* :i* he proposes z ! rem$y ( ! widespread evils ( ,prote/antism4 ,is x ! ,roman ,*ur*8 ,no4 ,t is a ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 b n ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,is x ! ,greek or ,ori5tal ,*ur*8 ,no4 ,t is a ca?olic *ur*1 b n ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,is x ! ,anglican8 ,no4 ,t1 aga91 is a ca?olic *ur*1 b n ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,^!1 ! doctor says1 ne> ! conclusion ( 8 second s]mon1 are p>ticul> & local *ur*es1 n ! "o univ]sal *ur* itself1 b hold+ f x & subord9ate to x4 ,:]e1 !n1 is ?is univ]sal *ur*8 ,he answ]s1 9 ! same s]mon1 a little fur!r on1 ,we mu/ g deep] & broad] ?an ^! p>ticul> & local *ur*es to f9d ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 d[n to ! great f\ndation on :i* ! ?ree /&2 d[n out ( ! diff]5ces ( ! bro!rs to ! unity ( ! family1 to f9d ! gr\nd ^u :i* we /& z ,ca?olics1 n z ,romani/s1 n s ,greeks1 n z ,anglicans1 f> less z ,episcopalians4 #eje ,b is ?is ca?olic *ur* :i* und]lies alike ! ?ree p>ticul> *ur*es an organ or organism di/9ct f !m1 ) a c5tre ( unity1 life1 & au?ority1 indep5d5t ( !m1 b on :i* !y !mselves dep5d = _! *ur* unity1 au?ority1 & life8 ,n at all4 ,if we und]/& ! au?or1 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is 9 :at ^! ?ree p>ticul> or local *ur*es h 9 common1 9 :at !y agree 9 hold+1 or :at rema9s aft] elim9at+ _! diff]5ces4 ,9 ord] n to d ! au?or any inju/ice1 we quote ne>ly at l5g?1 9 8 own words1 ! answ] he gives 9 8 f\r? disc\rse to ! "q1 ,:at is ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*8 ,n[1 a *ur* is an organism4 ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur* mu/ be an organism univ]sal ov] space & univ]sal back ?r\gh "t to ,*ri/4 ,suppose1 n[1 ,i g to ! ,me?odi/s aga94 ,i f9d !re an organism2 b 9 look+ back ,i f9d x 0 arrang$ ab\t ! "t ( ,john ,wesley1 "o hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,be=e 8 day !re 0 no su* *ur* organism4 ,i pass !n to ! ,presbyt]ians4 ,!re ,i f9d a diff]5t organism4 ,b 9 look+ back ,i f9d x dates its orig9 only ab\t ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,t w n answ]1 !n4 ,v well1 ,i try ! ,congregationali/s1 &1 9 fact1 ea* & all ( ! mod]n ,prote/ant organizations4 ,av[$ly !y d n1 any ( !m1 run back into ! dreadful m$iaeval times--^? d>k ages4 ,:atev] ^! ,prote/ant organisms may be1 !n1 !y mu/ ea* & all be set aside1 z1 at any rate1 n ,ca?olic organisms ei!r 9 space or 9 "t1 & !re=e n ,ca?olic at all4 ,well1 suppose ,i come to our *ur*4 ,i f9d x1 z an organism1 ) its bi%ops1 prie/s1 & deacons1 its ritual =m ( wor%ip1 its alt>s & sacram5ts1 its conv5tions & synods1 its dioceses & p>i%es1 runn+ back 9 ! hi/ory ( ,engl& into m$iaeval times2 yea1 /ill fur!r back ?r\gh ! e>ly days ( old ,brita9 & up ev5 to ! apo/les4 ,i seem to /rike some?+ ,ca?olic "h4 ,b be n 9 ha/e4 ,suppose ,i g to ! ,roman ,*ur*4 ,i f9d t ,i c trace its life back also int]rupt$ly to ! apo/les4 ,suppose ,i g to ! ,greek ,*ur*4 ,i f9d ! same peculi>ity ( cont9u$ exi/5ce back to ! apo/les !re4 ,"h1 !n1 9 ! ,roman1 ,greek1 & ,anglican *ur*es1 we h rea*$ some?+ :i* x w d at lea/ to pause ^u = fur!r inve/igation4 ,b h a c>e4 ,:5 we look a little m closely into ! ,anglican organization z a :ole & consid] x "p by "p1 & :5 we exam9e ! ,roman organization 9 l mann]1 & ! ,greek1 we f9d t ea* ( ! ?ree diff]s f ! o!r two 9 c]ta9 respects4 ,rome has a pope & a cultus ( ,/4 ,m>y ! ev]-,virg92 ^! are n p>ts ( ! ,greek 787 or ( ! ,anglican organisms4 ,?\gh we h paus$ "h1 !n1 ?\gh ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* mu/ be h]eab\ts some:]e1 nev]!less1 :5 we h rea*$ our *ur*1 we h n yet rea*$ ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* we are 9 se>* (2 :5 we g to ,rome1 we h n yet rea*$ t ,ca?olic ,*ur*2 & equally1 :5 we g to ! ,greeks1 we h n rea*$ ! object ( our se>*4 ,= we f9d t nei!r ( ^! ?ree organisms1 :5 tak5 z a :ole1 & 9 all its m9utiae1 is accept$ by ! o!r two4 ,%all we g else:]e1 !n8 ,!re is n[h]e else to g4 ,let u look1 !n1 m closely /ill "h4 ,z we exam9e1 we f9d t1 al?\gh ! ?ree--,anglican1 ,greek1 & ,roman-- ?us diff] 9 "s respects1 !y are m>vell\sly alike 9 all o!rs4 ,all ?ree h a hi]>*y ( bi%ops1 prie/s1 & deacons4 ,all h ! holy alt> ( ! trem5d\s sacrifice z ! c5tral object 9 _! *ur*es4 ,all h rob$ cl]gy4 ,all h sa9ts' days & id5tical ecclesia/ical seasons4 ,all h a ritual =m ( wor%ip4 ,all h p>i%es1 dioceses1 & prov9ces1 ,all 787 date _! life back into ! fir/ c5tury4 ,all h /ately c]emonials & processions2 ! ,greeks ! mo/ glori\s1 ! ,romans less1 & ! ,anglicans ! lea/4 ,all ackn[l$ge ! au?ority ( g5]al c\ncils4 ,all h ! same apo/olic succession & ! same sacram5ts4 ,"h1 !n1 ,i beg9 to f9d ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,^? few peculi>ities 9 :i* ! ,greek1 ! ,anglican1 & ! ,roman diff] f ea* o!r are m]ely local2 all ^? _m peculi>ities 9 :i* ! ?ree are at "o %ape out = me visibly1 solidly1 & %>ply ! great ,ca?olic ,*ur*2 "o 9 space z 9 organism1 & "o 9 "t2 to be f\nd equally 9 ,russia1 & ,italy1 & ,engl&1 & ,am]ica1 & ,mexico1 & ,g]many1 & ,brazil--ev]y:]e2 to be f\nd1 too1 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury1 & equally 9 m$iaeval "t1 & also 9 ! e>lie/ days1 un*ang$ & un*angeable4 #ejf ,& ev]y?+ 9 ! ,anglican1 ,greek1 & ,roman bodies :i* ! ?ree hold 9 common1 & :i* has be5 held 9 !m1 ev]y:]e1 always1 & by all1 is ,ca?olic4 ,any?+ else1 any peculi>ity :i* we h t ,rome & ! ,ea/]ns h n1 or :i* ,rome has1 b ! ,greeks & we h n1 or :i* ! ,greeks h1 b ,rome & we h n1 is m]ely local1 p>tial1 & n ,ca?olic4 ,?is is explicit en\gh4 ,take all t any "o ( ! ?ree holds 9 :i* ! o!r two agree1 & y h ! ,"o ,holy ,ca?olic ,apo/olic ,*ur*4 ,elim9ate f all ?ree ! po9ts 9 :i* !y diff]1 :i* are assum$ to be trifl+1 & take _! po9ts ( agreem5t1 & y w h :at ! prea*] calls ,ca?olicism1 & :i* he proposes z ! rem$y = ! evils ( ,prote/antism4 ,ext5d ! rule s z to include all pr(ess$ly ,*ri/ian *ur*es1 d5om9ations1 or sects :i* pr(ess$ly recognize a ,*ri/ian *ur* & a ,*ri/ian m9i/ry1 & x w be ! view ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* g5]ally tak5 by ,prote/ants4 ,no ,prote/ant sect has ev] _h ! audacity to claim to be itself alone ! visible ,ca?olic ,*ur* ( ! ,cre$2 & none ( ! old] ,prote/ant sects d5y t !re is1 9 "s s5se1 a visible ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,9 ! e>ly ,prote/ant tea*+1 if n 9 ! lat]1 !re is recogniz$ "o visible ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 :i* is :at all pr(ess$ly ,*ri/ian communions agree 9 hold+1 or :i* alike und]lies !m all4 ,9 ?is s5se1 ,presbyt]ians & ,congregationali/s1 ,me?odi/s & ,bapti/s1 ,lu!rans & ,calv9i/s1 h always be5 z /r5u\s ass]t]s ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* & ( ,ca?olicity z is ,dr4 ,ew] himself4 ,we see1 !n1 9 ,dr4 ,ew]'s ,ca?olicism1 no?+ t ne$ />tle a ,prote/ant or especially gratify a ,ca?olic4 ,9 pr9ciple1 at lea/1 he ass]ts a v common ,prote/ant doctr9e1 & 9 no s5se necess>ily breaks1 except 9 words1 ) ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation4 ,b be ?is z x may1 x is c]ta9 t ,dr4 ,ew] admits no ca?olic body or organic c5tre ( unity & ca?olicity di/9ct f ! ,roman1 ! ,greek1 & ! ,anglican *ur*es1 & indep5d5t ( !m1 & recognizes no ca?olicity b :at ^! ?ree *ur*es agree 9 ma9ta9+ & possess 9 common4 ,nei!r ( !m1 he cont5ds1 is by itself alone ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*2 ea* is a ca?olic *ur*1 b no "o ( !m is ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* h]self4 ,:5ce1 !n1 _! quality ( ca?olic *ur*es8 ,p>ticul> or local *ur*es are ca?olic because !y hold f1 dep5d on1 & commune ) a ca?olic c5tre ( unity1 life1 & au?ority1 :i* is di/9ct f & indep5d5t ( !mselves4 ,?is is n ! case ) ! ?ree *ur*es nam$2 !y hold f & dep5d on no common organic c5tre1 recognize no organic s\rce ( life indep5d5t ( !mselves1 are subord9at$ to no au?ority n ea* "o's own1 commune ) no c5tre ( unity :i* ea* "o has n 9 itself1 & n ev5 ) "o ano!r4 ,!y are ea* complete 9 !mselves1 & are !re=e n ?ree inf]ior *ur*es1 subord9ate to "o supreme ca?olic apo/olic *ur*1 b1 if *ur*es at all1 ?ree di/9ct1 sep>ate1 & indep5d5t *ur*es4 ,if1 !n1 no "o ( !m is ! "o holy ca?olic apo/olic *ur*1 no "o ( !m is ev5 a ca?olic *ur*1 & ,dr4 ,ew] fails entirely to recognize any ,ca?olic ,*ur* at all4 #ejg ,! au?or is deceiv$ 9 8 assumption t ^! ?ree *ur*es are p>ticul> or local *ur*es1 subord9at$ to ! univ]sal *ur*4 ,/4 ,m>y's *ur*1 :i* is my p>i% *ur*1 is a ca?olic *ur*1 if ! see ( ,rome is ! ,ca?olic ,apo/olic ,see2 = x dep5ds on x1 & ?r\gh ! bi%op ( ! diocese communes ) t see1 & ?r\gh t see ) e o!r p>ticul> ca?olic *ur*1 ?us e/abli%+ 9 ! unity & ca?olicity ( ! ,see ( ,rome1 or1 z ! fa!rs said1 ! ,see ( ,pet]1 ! unity & ca?olicity ( all p>ticul> or local *ur*es 9 communion ) x4 ,by com+ into communion ) ,/4 ,m>y's *ur*1 "o comes into communion ) ! "o univ]sal *ur*1 is 9 ! ca?olic communion1 & is a ,ca?olic2 b no?+ ( ! sort c be affirm$ ei!r ( ! ,greek ,*ur* or ( ! ,anglican4 ,!y ackn[l$ge no subord9ation to any o!r organic body 9 exi/5ce2 !y dep5d respectively on no ecclesia/ical au?ority or organic c5tre indep5d5t ( !mselves2 !y commune nei!r ) ea* o!r nor ) ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i* holds !m to be bo? 9 s*ism1 & "o ( !m 9 h]esy4 ,c]ta9 ,anglican m9i/]s w\ld will+ly commune ) ! ,greek ,*ur*1 b x repels !m1 & decl>es t sect to be n ev5 a *ur*4 ,! ?ree *ur*es nam$ _c1 !n1 be p>ticul> *ur*es hold+ f a common c5tre ( unity1 & ,dr4 ,ew] mu/ take "o ( !m z ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* & exclude ! o!r two1 or h no ,ca?olic ,*ur* at all4 ,! fact t !re are c]ta9 po9ts1 if y w1 ess5tial po9ts1 ( agreem5t betwe5 ^! ?ree bodies1 does by no means make !m "o body4 ,agreem5t is n id5tity4 ,great ,brita9 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates speak ! same language2 adopt ! same ,common ,law1 :i* gov]ns _! respective c\rts2 agree to a great ext5t 9 _! usages1 mann]s & cu/oms1 & civil in/itutions2 & ?r\gh\t !y h a f> clos] resemblance to ea* o!r ?an has ! ,anglican ,*ur* to ei!r ! ,greek ,*ur* or ! ,roman ,*ur*2 & yet1 are !y n "o nation1 ) "o national au?ority1 & hav+ "o & ! same national life4 ,elim9ate f ,new ,york & ,new ,j]sey ! po9ts 9 :i* !y diff]1 & reta9 only ! po9ts 9 :i* !y agree1 & w\ld !y be "o /ate "u "o & ! same /ate gov]nm5t8 ,n at all1 because !y are sep>ate organizations1 &1 z /ates1 are ea* indep5d5t ( ! o!r4 ,! ,ea/]n *ur*es 7 once 9 communion ) ,rome "u ! supremacy ( ! ,apo/olic ,see1 & !n 7 "o ) ! ,roman ,*ur*2 b hav+ sep>at$ f t see1 !y are *ur*es 9 s*ism inde$1 b de facto indep5d5t4 ,!re 01 d[n to ! sixte5? c5tury1 a ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,engl& 9 communion ) ! ,*ur* ( ,rome or ! ,apo/olic ,see2 b ! s-call$ ,*ur* ( ,engl& is n its cont9uation1 &1 9 ! judgm5t ( bo? ! ,roman ,*ur* & ! ,greek ,*ur*1 is n a *ur* at all1 = x has no ord]s1 no prie/hood1 no sacrifice2 its s-call$ bi%ops & cl]gym5 are only laym51 b = ! mo/ "p educat$1 ref9$1 & highly respectable laym51 devot$ to ! elegant pursuits ( lit]ature & sci5ce1 ! cultivation ( private & public morals1 & ! int]e/s & well-be+ ( _! families4 ,b n to insi/ on ?is at pres5t1 we may affirm t1 ev5 suppos+ ,anglicans h an episcopate1 & t x resembles ! ,greek & ,roman episcopates1 x is no m id5tical ) !m ?an ! gov]nm5t ( ,great ,brita9 is id5tically t ( ,italy1 ,prussia1 or ,au/ria4 ,^! ?ree /ates are all limit$ mon>*ies2 !y also all h p>liam5t>y gov]nm5ts1 & place ! sov]eignty 9 ! nation1 n 9 a p>ticul> family4 #ejh ,b !y are n "o & ! same mon>*y1 nor "o & ! same gov]nm5t1 = !y are politically sep>ate & indep5d5t4 ,x w n d to answ] ?is by say+ t ea* ( ^! ?ree episcopates hold equally f ,jesus ,*ri/1 & are "o 9 him2 = t w\ld ei!r suppose ! *ur* to be 9 h] unity & ca?olicity invisible1 & )\t any visible organ or manife/ation2 or else t ,*ri/ has ?ree *ur*es1 or ?ree bodies1 :i* ! au?or c admit no m ?an we1 = he pr(esses to hold or believe ,,"o ,holy ,ca?olic ,apo/olic ,visible ,*ur*4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! extract f ,dr4 ,ew]'s f\r? disc\rse1 ! *ur* is decl>$ to be an organism4 ,an organism1 we ne$ n tell a man l him1 is a liv+ body1 n a simple aggregation ( p>ts1 or an organization :i*1 hav+ no life 9 itself1 dep5ds on ! me*anical1 electric1 or *emical arrangem5t ( its sev]al p>ts4 ,9 e liv+ body or organism1 !re is & mu/ be--z ! old] physiologi/s1 & ev5 ! mo/ rec5t & em95t1 l ,m4 ,vir*[1 ( ,b]l91 & ,m4 ,claude ,b]n>d1 ( ,p>is1 tell u1 & by _! rese>*es & discov]ies h prov$--an orig9al c5tral cell1 f :i* ! :ole organism proce$s1 9 :i* its vital pr9ciple inh]es1 & :i* is ! type1 creator1 orig9ator1 & director ( all its vital ph5om5a4 ,! :ole life1 evolution1 & c\rse ( ! organism is orig9at$ & det]m9$ by ?is orig9al c5tral cell--?is g]m1 or ovule1 )\t :i* no organic life or liv+ body is possible4 ,?is primitive cell or g]m is nev] spontane\sly g5]at$1 b is always g5]at$ by a liv+ organism :i* prec$es & deposits x1 accord+ to ! old maxim1 omne vivum ex ovo4 ,footnote #afa ,footnote #afa3 ,see a v le>n$ & sci5tific essay 9 ,le ,correspondant1 = ,octob] #be?1 #ahfh1 ,de l',ide de ,vie dans la ,physiologie ,contempora9e1 by ,dr4 ,*auff>d1 kn[n to our read]s by a v able essay ,on ! ,pres5t ,disputes ( ,philosophy1 translat$ & publi%$ 9 ?is magaz9e = ,novemb] la/1 ?\gh ! types made u call him ,dr4 ,*aufaid in/ead ( ,dr4 ,*auffard4 ,x is ! orig9 & law ( ! unity1 evolution1 or gr[? ( ! organism1 & is ! type & g5]ator ( all ! innum]able cells :i* =m ! :ole cellul> sy/em ( ! entire organism1 :e!r normal or abnormal4 ,:at we insi/ on "h is t !re is no organism )\t ?is orig9al c5tral cell or g]m1 & t ?is c5tral cell1 :5ce ! unity ( ! organism is g5]at$ by a pre-exi/+ organism1 t is1 by ance/ors ( ! same species1 & is nei!r self-g5]at$ nor made up by any possible me*anical or physico-*emical action or comb9ation ( p>ts1 z ,messrs4 ,vir*[ & ,b]n>d h demon/rat$4 ,?is pr9ciple or law ( all organic life is univ]sal1 & applies to ! *ur* z an organism1 not)/&+ h] sup]natural "*1 z to any ( ! organisms /udi$ & exp]im5t$ ^u by physiologi/s 9 ! natural ord]4 ,! ,creator does n "w aft] "o law 9 ! natural ord]1 & ano!r & div]se or contradictory law 9 ! sup]natural ord]2 & h]e9 we discov] ! reason ( ! p]fect accord ( all ! ,creator's works1 ! p]fect h>mony ( revelation & real sci5ce1 & ! aid revelation gives to sci5ce1 &1 9 return1 ! aid t real sci5ce gives to ! int]pretation & cle>] und]/&+ ( revelation4 ,god is "o1 & works always aft] "o & ! same law 9 all ord]s1 & is nev] 9 contradiction ) himself4 #eji ,! ess5tial error ( ! non-ca?olic *ur* !ory is1 t x d5ies ! c5tral cell or g]m :5ce is evolv$ or produc$ ! :ole *ur* organism1 & assumes t ! *ur* d]ives h] life f h] memb]s1 & t %e is con/itut$ 9 h] unity & ca?olicity z a liv+ body by ! comb9ation ( ! sev]al p>ts1 or t ! c5tral cell is creat$ by ! organism1 n ! organism by ! c5tral or organic cell1 :i* is z mu* z to say1 multiplicity c exi/ )\t unity to produce x1 or t dead or unliv+ p>ts c g5]ate life & activity6 ,no "o ne$ be surpris$ t m5 ( cle> heads & logical m9ds1 try+ to remove1 on ,prote/ant pr9ciples1 ! discrepancies betwe5 sci5ce & ! ,prote/ant religion1 %\ld ru% into mat]ialism & a!ism4 ,! pr9ciple ! ,prote/ant adopts 9 8 non-ca?olic *ur* !ory is precisely ! pr9ciple on :i* ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] proce$s :5 he ascribes all ! ph5om5a ( life1 or ( ! liv+ organism1 to ! me*anical1 electric1 & *emical arrangem5t ( mat]ial atoms4 ,! same pr9ciple appli$ 9 !ology leads inevitably to a!ism2 =1 multiplicity giv5 z prior to & indep5d5t ( unity1 no argum5t 9 favor ( ! div9e exi/5ce c h any validity1 nay1 no argum5t to prove t !re is a ,god c be conceiv$4 ,su* is ! t]rible injury ! non-ca?olic or ,prote/ant *ur* !ory has done & is do+ to bo? religion & sci5ce4 ,dr4 ,ew]1 no d\bt1 int5ds to reject1 & hone/ly believes t he has reject$1 ?is de/ructive !ory1 :i*1 univ]sally appli$1 results 9 nihilism2 b we fe> t he has n4 ,he includes ! "o ca?olic *ur* 9 :at he calls ! ?ree p>ticul> *ur*es--! ,roman1 ! ,greek1 & ! ,anglican4 ,ea* ( ^!1 he says1 is a ca?olic *ur*1 b no "o ( !m is ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,:5ce1 !n1 d !y or c !y d]ive _! "* ( ca?olic8 ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 accord+ to him1 is an organism4 ,if an organism1 x mu/ h a c5tral cell1 an organite1 or organic c5tre1 orig9at$ n by itself1 f :i* all 9 ! organism proce$s1 or 9 :i*1 9 ! language ( ,/4 ,cyprian1 all takes its rise1 & !re=e on :i* all ! p>ts dep5d4 ,?is c5tral cell1 :i* 9 ! *ur* we may call ! c5tral see or *air1 & :i* ! fa!rs1 :e!r ,greek or ,lat91 call ! ,*air ( ,pet]1 & s9ce x is ! orig9 ( all ! p>ts1 is evid5tly prior to !m & indep5d5t ( !m4 ,!y d n con/itute x1 b x produces1 su/a9s1 & gov]ns !m4 ,on no o!r conditions is x possible to ass]t or conceive ! unity & ca?olicity ( ! *ur* z an organism4 ,p>ticul> *ur*es are ,ca?olic by hold+ f & commun+ ) ?is c5tral see or ! organic c5tre1 n o!rwise4 ,b ,dr4 ,ew] ackn[l$ges no su* c5tral cell or c5tral see4 ,8 organism has no organic c5tre1 & consequ5tly is no organism at all1 b a simple union or conf$]acy ( equal & indep5d5t sees4 ,rome1 ,con/ant9ople1 or ,cant]bury is no m a c5tral see or organic c5tre ( ! *ur* ?an any o!r see or diocese1 z ,caes>ea1 ,milan1 ,p>is1 ,tol$o1 ,ab]de51 ,london1 or ,armagh1 & to be 9 ! unity ( ! *ur* !re is no p>ticul> see1 "m & mi/ress ( all ! *ur*es1 ) :i* x is necess>y to commune4 ,! sev]al sees may agree 9 _! con/itution1 doctr9e1 liturgy1 & discipl9e1 b !y are n integrat$ 9 any *ur* unity or liv+ *ur* organism4 ,?is is ! !ory ( ! s*ismatic ,greeks1 & ( ,anglicans & ,prote/ant ,episcopalians1 & is simply ! !ory ( indep5d5cy1 z mu* s z t ( ! ,new ,engl& ,congregationali/s1 b x admits no organic unity4 #eaj ,x is also ! !ory :i* ,dr4 ,ew] himself appe>s to ass]t & def5d4 ,by :at au?ority is he able to pron\nce any "o ( ! ?ree *ur*es nam$ a ca?olic *ur*1 s9ce no "o ( !m holds f a ca?olic c5tre1 or a c5tral unity1 = he recognizes no su* c5tre or unity8 ,! only unity ( ! *ur* he c admit is t =m$ by ! comb9ation ( ! sev]al p>ts1 a unity =m$ f multiplicity4 ,he holds t we ne$ a great ca?olic re=mation1 a comb9ation ( ! ,roman1 ! ,greek1 & ! ,anglican *ur*es1 :i* %all evolve unity f multiplexity4 ,"h1 x seems to u1 is an unmi/akable recognition1 z ! basis ( 8 ca?olicity1 ( ! non-ca?olic *ur* !ory1 & a virtual d5ial ( ! unity & ca?olicity ( ! *ur*2 = f multiplicity c be evolv$ only totality1 :i*1 s f> f be+ unity1 excludes x altoge!r4 ,recogniz+ no c5tral see1 c5tre & s\rce ( ! unity & ca?olicity ( ! *ur*1 h[ c ,dr4 ,ew] det]m9e :at *ur*es are 9 s*ism or :at are 9 union1 :at are ca?olic & :at are n8 ,:at crit]ion ( unity & ca?olicity has he or c he h8 ,he says ! ,roman1 ! ,greek1 & ! ,anglican are ca?olic1 & he conf9es ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* to !m4 ,b h[ c he call !m ca?olic1 s9ce !y h no common organic c5tre1 & h no int]communion8 ,we c f9d 9 8 disc\rses no answ] to ?is "q b ! fact t !y h c]ta9 ?+s 9 common4 ,:y conf9e ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 !n1 to ^! ?ree alone8 ,:y exclude ,me?odi/s1 ,presbyt]ians1 ,lu!rans1 & ! ,swiss1 ! ,dut*1 & ! ,g]man ,re=m$ communions8 ,all ^! h some?+ 9 common ) ! ,roman1 ,greek1 & ,anglican communions1 & ev5 pr(ess ) !m to believe ! ,apo/les' & ,nic5e cre$s4 ,! ,me?odi/s h bi%ops1 prie/s or eld]s1 & deacons1 z ! ,anglicans1 & adopt ! same articles ( fai?4 ,! *ur*es nam$ h presbyt]s1 & s h ,presbyt]ians1 ! cont95tal ,re=m$1 & ! ,lu!ran *ur*es2 "s ( ! ,lu!ran *ur*es ev5 h bi%ops4 ,!re is some?+ 9 common betwe5 ^! & ! *ur*es ! au?or claims to be ca?olic4 ,:y1 !n1 does he exclude !m f ! li/ ( communions ( :i* ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is compos$8 ,or :y1 inde$1 exclude any "o :o pr(esses to hold ! ,*ri/ian *ur* & ! ,apo/les' & ,nic5e cre$s8 ,& :y n reject z non-ca?olic ev]y?+ :i* all ^! d n agree 9 hold+8 ,does he n say t ca?olic means all1 n a "p1 & :y exclude f ! all any :o ackn[l$ge ,*ri/ z _! ,"l & ,ma/]1 & pr(ess to be memb]s ( 8 *ur*8 ,! au?or has no crit]ion 9 ! case b 8 own private judgm5t1 prejudice1 or caprice4 ,he has no o!r rule1 hav+ reject$ ! apo/olic or c5tral see1 = int]pret+ ! quod semp]1 quod ubique1 et ab omnibus cr$itur ( ,/4 ,v9c5t ( ,l]9s4 ,! all ) u means all ^?1 & ^? only1 :o are1 & always h be51 9 communion ) ! c5tral or ,apo/olic ,see1 & ob$i5t to its supreme au?ority2 b ,dr4 ,ew]1 :o admits no su* see1 has1 & c h1 no au?ority = n includ+ 9 ! all1 ! omnibus1 all :o pr(ess to foll[ ,*ri/ or to hold & practise ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,8 ca?olicity is1 !n1 ! creature ( 8 own private judgm5t1 prejudice1 or caprice2 & 8 ca?olic *ur* is f\nd$ on himself1 & is 8 own arbitr>y con/ruction or creation4 ,?is is n ! rejection ( ,prote/antism1 b is r ,prote/antism gone to se$4 #eaa ,?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ,dr4 ,ew]'s reason+1 except :]e he is simply foll[+ ,ca?olics 9 pron\nc+ & prov+ ,prote/antism a blund] & a failure1 & answ]able = ! rationalism & unbelief 9 reveal$ religion n[ s preval5t among sci5tific1 intellig5t1 cle>-head$1 & hone/-m9d$ m51 !re is ! impli$ assumption t ca?olicity prec$es ! *ur*1 & t we are to det]m9e n :at is ca?olic by ! *ur*1 b ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* by :at we h1 )\t h]1 det]m9$ to be ca?olic4 ,?is is n a ,ca?olic b a ,prote/ant me?od4 ,we mu/ fir/ f9d ! ,"o ,ca?olic ,apo/olic ,*ur*1 & f h] le>n :at is ca?olic1 & :o are ca?olics & :o are n4 ,?is is ! only sci5tific rule1 if we ackn[l$ge a ,ca?olic ,*ur* at all4 ,if ! ,roman1 ,greek1 & ,anglican *ur*es are no "o ( !m ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 !y c be ca?olic1 t is1 be 9 ! ca?olic organism1 only by commun+ ) ! organic c5tre f :i* ! life1 activity1 & au?ority ( ! organism proce$s1 9 :i* is ! s\rce & c5tre ( ! unity & ca?olicity ( ! *ur*4 ,b all p>ticul> *ur*es 9 communion ) ! organic c5tre1 & obta9+ _! life f x1 exi/ 9 solido1 & commune ) "o ano!r4 ,! ?ree *ur*es nam$ d n commune ) "o ano!r2 !y are1 z we h se51 ?ree di/9ct1 sep>ate1 & indep5d5t bodies1 & =eign]s to "o ano!r4 ,!n only "o ( !m1 if any "o ( !m1 c be a ca?olic *ur*4 ,! o!r two mu/ be exclud$ z non-ca?olic4 ,:at ! au?or has to det]m9e fir/ ( all1 s9ce he re/ricts ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* to ! ?ree1 is1 9 :i* ( ^! ?ree is ! orig9al1 organic1 or c5tral cell1 or c5tral see1 :5ce all ! o!rs proce$1 or f :i* !y take _! rise4 ,b in/ead ( do+ ?is1 he d5ies t any "o ( ! ?ree is ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & cont5ds t x is all ?ree 9 :at !y hold 9 common or agree 9 ma9ta9+4 ,! mean+ ( ?is is1 t no "o ( !m conta9s ! organic cell1 t !re is no c5tral organic see1 z we hold ! ,see ( ,pet] to be1 & !re=e no *ur* organism "o & ca?olic4 ,b ?is is to d5y ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 n to ass]t x4 ,9 attempt+ to include 9 ! ,"o ,ca?olic ,apo/olic ,*ur* non-ca?olic & =eign elem5ts1 ,dr4 ,ew]1 !re=e1 manife/ly loses ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* itself4 ,dr4 ,ew]1 not)/&+ 8 vigor\s onslaught ^u ,prote/antism1 rema9s /ill "u ! influ5ce ( 8 ,prote/ant tra9+1 & has n z yet atta9$ to any real conception ei!r ( unity or ( ca?olicity4 ,unity is indivisible2 ca?olicity is illimitable1 or all t is conta9$ 9 ! unity2 & bo? are indep5d5t ( space & "t4 ,! unity ( ! *ur* is h] orig9al & c5tral organic pr9ciple1 or pr9ciple ( life2 ! ca?olicity ( ! *ur* is insep>able f h] unity1 & consi/s 9 ! complet5ess ( ?is organic pr9ciple1 & 9 its be+ always & ev]y:]e ! complete & only pr9ciple ( *ur* life4 ,! unity ( ! fai? is 9 ! fact t x1 l ! *ur*1 has its c5tral pr9ciple out ( :i* all 9 x gr[s or g]m9ates1 & on :i* all 9 x dep5ds2 ! ca?olicity ( ! fai? is 9 ! fact t ?is fai? is complete1 ! :ole fai?1 & is always & ev]y:]e believ$ & taught by ! ,"o ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 is always & ev]y:]e "o & ! same fai?1 always & ev]y:]e ! tru? ( ,god4 ,! ca?olicity ( ! *ur* dep5ds 9 no s5se on diffusion 9 space or ! numb] ( h] memb]s4 #eab ,! *ur* is ca?olic1 n because %e is univ]sally diffus$ 9 space1 b because %e is ! "o only *ur*1 & includes 9 h] organism all t is ess5tial to ! *ur* z ! *ur*1 or ! my/ic body ( ,*ri/1 to ! entire *ur* life = all m5 & = all times4 ,ca?olic means all1 r ?an univ]sal1 or univ]sal only because x means all2 & h5ce ! *ur* 0 z truly ca?olic on ! day ( ,p5teco/ z %e is n[1 or w\ld be 7 all nations & all m5 includ$ 9 h] communion1 z ! human race1 9 ! ord] ( g5]ation1 0 z complete & entire :5 !re 0 no individual b ,adam1 z x w be :5 ! la/ *ild is born4 ,"t has no effect on ei!r ! unity or ca?olicity ( ! *ur*2 = %e is always liv+ 9 h] unity & ca?olicity1 an ev]-pres5t *ur*1 9 h]self ! same ye/]day1 & to-day1 & = ev]4 ,%e is 9 "t & space1 b n ( !m1 nor1 9 h] int]nal organism1 affect$ by ! accid5ts ( ei!r4 ,! primitive *ur*1 ! m$iaeval *ur*1 & ! *ur* ( to-day are id5tically ! same1 & ! di/9ctions ^! t]ms imply are di/9ctions only 9 ?+s ext]nally relat$ to h]1 n 9 h]self4 ,su* mu/ be ! *ur* if "o & ca?olic1 holy & apo/olic4 ,! c5tral life ( ! *ur*1 ! s\rce ( all ! vitality1 =ce1 & au?ority ( ! organism1 ( :i*--to use ! figure we h already s _m times us$--! c5tral cell is ! organ1 & :i* gives x all its g5]ative =ce & gov]n+ p[]1 is ,jesus ,*ri/ himself1 :o is ! =ma ( ! *ur*1 z ! s\l is ! =ma ( ! body1 or its organic pr9ciple2 = ! *ur* is ! body ( ,*ri/1 & is no?+ )\t him1 & if sep>at$ f him w\ld in/antly die1 z does ! body :5 sep>at$ f ! s\l4 ,b we are treat+ ( ! *ur*1 9 :i* ! unity ( ,*ri/ is made manife/ 9 h] visible unity1 & !re=e ( ! visible1 n ( ! invisible *ur*4 ,t ! invisible unity might be manife/$1 ,/4 ,cyprian argues1 9 8 ,de ,unitate ,ecclesiae1 ,*ri/ e/abli%$ a c5tral *air1 ! ,*air ( ,pet]1 :5ce all might be se5 to take its rise f "o4 ,?is *air1 ! visible c5tre ( unity1 is to ! *ur* organism1 z we h se51 :at ! c5tral or organic cell is to e organism or liv+ body 9 ! natural ord]2 b ,jesus ,*ri/1 :om x manife/s or repres5ts 9 ! visible ord]1 is ! liv+ =ce & g5]ative p[] ( ! c5tral *air1 z ! s\l is ( ! organic cell ( ! human organism4 ,s mu* we mu/ affirm ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 if we call x1 z ,dr4 ,ew] does1 an organism4 ,?is organic c5tral cell g5]ates or produces n _m organisms1 b "o only4 ,s ! ,*air ( ,pet]1 ! c5tral cell ( ! *ur* organism1 c g5]ate only "o organism4 ,*ri/ has "o body & no m4 ,t only c be ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 :i* is1 z its c5tre1 ! ,*air ( ,pet]1 or1 z we h be=e said1 ! organic c5tral see1 :i* may ju/ly be call$ ! ,holy ,see1 ! ,apo/olic ,see1 ! "m & mi/ress ( all ! *ur*es1 z 9 ! liv+ body ! orig9al c5tral organic cell is ! "m & mi/ress ( all ! second>y or inf]ior cells g5]at$ 9 ! evolution ( ! organism4 ,"h1 aga91 !ology & physiology co9cide 9 pr9ciple4 ,we may n[ ask1 ,does ! ,greek s*ismatic *ur*1 z we call x1 conta9 ?is c5tral organic see8 ,c]ta9ly n2 = %e admits no su* see1 or1 if %e does1 %e confesses t %e conta9s x n1 & ! ,roman ,*ur* does4 #eac ,! ,greek s*ismatic1 z we call him1 recognizes no *ur* unity 9 ! s5se we h expla9$4 ,he recognizes only diocesan1 metropolitan1 or patri>*al unity4 ,does ! ,greek ,*ur*1 !n1 commune ) ?is c5tral see8 ,no4 ,= x communes ) no see or *ur* outside ( itself4 ,h[ is x ) ! ,anglican ,*ur*8 ,x does n any m ?an ! ,greek ,*ur* claim to possess x4 ,x does n pret5d to f9d x 9 ! see ( ,cant]bury1 ,york1 ,dubl91 or ,armagh1 & inde$ d5ies bo? ! necessity & exi/5ce ( su* see4 ,%e d5\nces ! ,roman see because %e claims to be x2 & ,dr4 ,ew] tells u1 9 8 reply to ,mr4 ,adams1 t ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation r5d]$ noble s]vice to ! ,anglican ,*ur* by deliv]+ x f papal tyranny & oppression4 ,well1 !n1 does ! ,anglican ,*ur* commune ) ! c5tral or organic see1 or ,*air ( ,pet]8 ,no4 ,= %e communes ) no see beyond h]self4 ,!n %e is n !1 or ev5 a1 ca?olic *ur*4 ,!re rema9s1 !n1 only ! ,roman ,*ur*1 :i* is & mu/ be ! ,"o ,holy ,ca?olic ,apo/olic ,*ur*1 if su* *ur* !re is2 = x c be no o!r4 ,! rev]5d doctor's attempt1 !n1 to f9d a ca?olic *ur* :i* is n ! ,roman ,*ur*1 or a ca?olicity :i* is broad] & deep] ?an :at he1 z well z o!r ,prote/ants1 calls ,romanism1 seems1 l ,prote/antism itself1 to h fail$4 ,dr4 ,ew] w\ld evade ! =ce ( ?is conclusion1 :i* ! common s5se ( mank9d unhesitat+ly accepts1 by resort+ to :at is kn[n z ! bran* !ory4 ,! ,roman1 ! ,greek1 & ! ,anglican *ur*es are n "o or ano!r ( !m exclusively ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 b !y are ca?olic *ur*es1 because bran*es ( ! ,"o ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,b bran*es suppose a trunk4 ,:]e !re is no trunk !re are & c be no bran*es2 = ! trunk produces ! bran*es1 n ! bran*es ! trunk4 ,:]e1 !n1 is ! trunk ( :i* ! ?ree *ur*es nam$ are bran*es1 especially s9ce ! au?or says we are n to look beyond !m = ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*8 ,we let him answ] 9 8 own words3 ,p]mit me to close ?is "p ( my disc\rse by an illu/ration ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,we w take1 = ! sake ( simplicity1 a tree4 ,= eight feet above ! soil its trunk /&s "o & entire4 ,some:]e along ! n9? foot ! trunk bran*es into two ma9 limbs4 ,we w call ! ea/]n ! ,greek limb1 & ! we/]n we w call ! ,lat94 ,six feet fur!r out on ! ,lat9 limb1 t is to say1 fifte5 feet f gr\nd1 t we/]n limb subdivides into two va/ bran*es4 ,! outmo/ ( ! two we w call ! ,anglican bran*1 ! o!r we w call ! ,roman4 ,^! two bran*es & ! ,greek limb run up to a height ( n9ete5 & a half feet f ! gr\nd4 ,!re !y are1 ! ?ree great b\ghs1 ea* ) its foliage1 ,anglican at ! we/1 ,roman 9 ! c5tre1 ,greek at ! ea/4 ,if n[ y %ield y\r vision f all b ! top ( ! tree1 !re w appe> to y to be ?ree disconnect$ tufts ( vegetation2 b lo6 ! foliage & ! fl[]s are ! same4 ,b remove n[ ! %ield f be=e y\r eyes1 & behold 9 ! :ole tree a symbol ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*--"o organism f root to summit4 ,?is assumes t ! trunk is ! primitive undivid$ *ur*1 or ! *ur* prior to ! sep>ation ( ! ,ea/]n *ur*es f ! jurisdiction ( ! ,roman see4 ,b does t undivid$ *ur*1 ! trunk *ur*1 /ill exi/ 9 its integrity8 ,no4 ,= if x did1 !re w\ld be no difficulty4 ,x ceas$ to exi/ 9 ! n9? c5tury1 & n[ !re is no undivid$ *ur*4 ,!n t has fall5 into ! pa/4 ,!n !re is no pres5t liv+ trunk1 b bran*es only4 ,bran*es ( a trunk t has ceas$ to live c be only dead bran*es4 ,! alleg$ bran*es communicate ) no liv+ root1 & h no int]communion2 !y !re=e are n & _c be "o liv+ organism4 ,! au?or himself half conc$es x1 = he cont9ues3 #ead ,a *ur* t is "o l ! trunk ( t tree = ! fir/ n9e c5turies--t ! ,we/]n subdivid+ at ! fifte5? c5tury into ,anglican & ,roman4 ,z a fact1 ! unity ( ! organism is n brok52 int]communion betwe5 its ?ree p>ts is simply susp5d$ = a "t--susp5d$ until t diff]5tiation %all take place 9 ,god's "o *ur* :i*1 z ,h]b]t ,sp5c] s admirably %[s1 is ! law ( all gr[?2 a diff]5tiation :i* means1 9 its la/ issue1 n a complete sund]+1 b ! ev5tual unity ( multiplexity1 ! h>mony ( co-ord9ate p>ts4 ,did x n mix ! metaphor some:at1 ,i w\ld g on & complete ! illu/ration by suppos+ sundry bran*es ( ?is tree to be cut (f f "t to "t & ins]t$ into vases ( wat] /&+ r\nd ab\t ! great tree4 ,be+ )\t root1 ^? cut longe/ ago are all dead2 :ile only ! mo/ rec5tly cut are gre5 ) a deceptive life1 !mselves soon to )] & die4 ,^! cut bran*es1 /&+ trunkless & rootless ab\t ! liv+ tree1 w\ld be apt symbols ( ! ,prote/ant sects4 ,we h f\nd1 !n1 :at ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is4 ,!re c be no susp5sion ( int]communion ( ! bran*es s long z _! communion ) ! root1 or organic cell1 ?r\gh ! trunk1 is n susp5d$2 = ?r\gh communion ) t !y int]commune4 ,b any int]ruption ( t communion is n only ! susp5sion1 b ! ext9ction ( int]communion4 ,! re/oration ( int]communion once ext9ct _c be affect$ except by a liv+ reunion ( ea* ) ! root or organic cell ( ! organism4 ,probably1 !n1 ! au?or has be5 too ha/y 9 exclaim+1 ,we h f\nd :at ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is4 ,he seems to u to h f\nd nei!r unity nor ca?olicity4 ,dr4 ,ew] seems to =get t ! *ur* nev] has be5 & nev] c be divid$4 ,has n he himself said t %e is "o1 & does he ne$ to be told t "o is indivisible1 or t its division w\ld be its dea?8 ,! tree ) successive bran*es :i* he adduces 9 illu/ration is1 no d\bt1 a liv+ organism2 b x c illu/rate only ! unity & ca?olicity ( ! c5tral & rul+ see1 & ! p>ticul> *ur*es hold+ f x4 ,bran* *ur*es are admissible only z p>ticul> *ur*es produc$ by & dep5d5t on ! organic c5tre1 or apo/olic see1 "m & mi/ress ( all ! *ur*es ( ! organism4 ,b we h already %[n t ! ,roman1 ! ,greek1 & ! ,anglican *ur*es are n p>ticul> *ur*es1 = !y are indep5d5t bodies1 subord9ate to or dep5d5t on no organic c5tre :i* ea* has n 9 itself4 ,z ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is "o1 n ?ree1 & z we h %[n t x is nei!r ! sep>at$ ,greek ,*ur* nor ! ,anglican1 x mu/ be ! ,roman ,see & its dep5d5t *ur*es1 9 :i* is ! primitive1 orig9al1 productive1 & creative life ( ! *ur*1 s9ce1 z we h se51 x c be no o!r4 ,we h refut$ ! bran* !ory 9 refut+ ! au?or's assumption t ! ,roman1 ! ,greek1 & ! ,anglican *ur*es hold f & are subord9ate to ! "o univ]sal *ur*1 :i*1 z indep5d5t ( !m1 has no exi/5ce4 ,! failure ( ! au?or to f9d ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is due to ! fact t1 f fir/ to la/1 ?\gh he calls ! *ur* "o1 he really recognizes no *ur* unity1 s9ce he recognizes no visible c5tre ( unity :5ce emanates all h] life1 activity1 & au?ority4 ,till ! n9? c5tury ! ,ea/ & ,we/ 7 unit$1 & ! *ur* 0 "o2 b x _h no c5tre ( unity at ,rome any m ?an at ,antio*1 at ,alex&ria1 or ,con/ant9ople1 9 ! successor ( ,/4 ,pet] 9 ! ,see ( ,rome any m ?an 9 any o!r patri>* or bi%op4 #eae ,h5ce no *ur* c\ld be convict$ ( s*ism1 unless its bi%op refus$ to commune ) ano!r1 or ano!r refus$ to commune ) him2 b :i* 0 ! s*ismatic 0 indet]m9able1 unless ! :ole *ur* %\ld come toge!r 9 ,g5]al ,c\ncil & settle ! "q by vote4 ,?is is ! au?or's !ory ( unity1 a unity :i* has no visible c5tre4 ,x is ! common ,anglican !ory1 & appe>s to "s ext5t to be t ( ! s*ismatical ,greeks4 ,b ?is !ory makes ! unity ( ! *ur* a m]e collective f$]ative unity1 or an aggregation ( p>ts1 :i* is simply no unity at all1 & at be/ only a union4 ,! unity ( ! *ur* implies t all 9 ! *ur* proce$s f unity1 & is g5]at$1 upheld1 & controll$ by x4 ,! unity is ! orig9 ( ! :ole organism1 & :at does n proce$ f x or gr[ out ( x is abnormal--a tumor1 or an excresc5ce to be exsc9d$4 ,h5ce ! impossibility ( arriv+ at ! unity ( ! *ur* by aggregat+ ! p>ts :i* h lo/ x or h x n4 ,x is impossible to ass]t ! unity ( ! *ur* )\t ass]t+ a c5tral see1 & its bi%op z its visible manife/ation4 ,!re is1 we repeat1 no organism )\t ! c5tral cell1 & no visible organism )\t a visible c5tre ( unity4 ,! au?or w\ld d well to /udy anew ! treatise ,de ,unitate ,ecclesiae ( ,/4 ,cyprian1 to :i* we h already ref]r$4 ,!re is & c be no visible unity ( ! *ur* )\t a c5tral see1 ! c5tre & orig9 ( unity1 life1 & au?ority2 & :5 y h f\nd t see1 y h f\nd ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 b n till !n4 ,e see1 or p>ticul> or local *ur* 9 communion ) t see2 & dep5d5t on x1 is 9 ! unity ( ! *ur* & ca?olic2 & e "o n 9 communion ) x is out ( unity & n ca?olic1 nor any "p ( ! ,ca?olic body4 ,admitt+ t !re is ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ! only "q to be settl$ is1 ,:i* is t ,see8 ,r$uc$ to ?is po9t1 ! controv]sy is virtually end$4 ,!re is & nev] has be5 b "o claimant4 ,rome has always claim$ x1 & nobody 9 ! _w has ev] pret5d$ or pret5ds t x is any o!r4 ,con/ant9ople & ,cant]bury h disput$ ! supremacy ov] ! :ole *ur* ( its pontiff2 b nei!r claims nor ev] has claim$ to be itself ! c5tral organic see1 ! visible c5tre ( ! *ur* organism1 & organ ( its life & au?ority4 ,) no recogniz$ c5tral & rul+ see ) :i* all1 9 ord] to be 9 unity1 mu/ commune1 & ) only p>ticul>1 or r indep5d5t & isolat$1 *ur*es 9 exi/5ce1 )\t any int]communion "o ) ano!r1 & all ( :i*1 z sep>ate & indep5d5t *ur*es1 h fail$1 h[ c ^? sev]al bran*es1 :i* are only trunkless1 be re/or$1 unity evolv$ f multiplexity1 & int]communion re-e/abli%$8 ,if !re is an organic see1 ! c5tre ( unity1 "m & mi/ress ( all ! *ur*es1 p>ticul> *ur*es t h fail$ c easily be re/or$ if !y wi%4 ,!y h only to abjure _! s*ism or h]esy1 be reconcil$ ) t see1 submit to its au?ority1 & receive its tea*+4 ,!y are ?us re9corporat$ by ! m]cy ( ,god into ! *ur* organism1 & p>ticipate 9 its unity & ! life t fl[s f x4 ,b on ! au?or's *ur* !ory1 we c see no possible way 9 :i* ! sep>ate bodies c be re/or$ to ! unity ( ! *ur*4 #eaf ,unity _c be con/ruct$ or recon/ruct$ f multiplicity2 = !re c be no multiplicity :]e !re is no unity4 ,multiplicity dep5ds on unity1 :i* creates or g5]ates & su/a9s x4 ,suppose we grant = ! mom5t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is no "o ( ! ?ree *ur*es1 yet is n sep>able f or indep5d5t ( !m1 &1 9 fact1 und]lies !m1 b inorganic1 or hav+ only ^! = its organs4 ,h[ %all !y be br\ght into organic unity8 ,by a ,g5]al ,c\ncil8 ,:]e is ! au?ority to convoke x1 to det]m9e :o may or :o may n sit 9 x1 & to confirm its acts8 ,y say1 ,summon all ! bi%ops ( ! ,roman1 ! ,greek1 & ! ,anglican bodies4 ,b :o has au?ority to summon !m1 & :y summon ^! & no o!rs8 ,:o %all say8 ,x is ! same "q we h _h up be=e4 ,:y ext5d or :y conf9e ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* to ! ?ree *ur*es nam$8 ,:]e !re is no recogniz$ c5tre ( au?ority1 t is to say1 no recogniz$ au?ority1 !re is au?ority to admit or to exclude4 ,x is necess>y t au?ority def9e :i* is ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 be=e y c say :at organizations x includes or excludes1 or :at prelates or m9i/]s h ! "r to be summon$ z ,ca?olic prelates or m9i/]s1 & :at n4 ,a nation disorganiz$1 z ! au?or assumes ! *ur* n[ is1 ?\gh he tru/s only tempor>ily1 c reorganize itself2 = ! political sov]eignty resides always 9 ! nation1 or1 z we say1 9 mod]n times1 9 ! p4 ,! p1 z ! nation1 possess1 "u ,god1 or r f him1 ! sov]eign p[] to gov]n !mselves1 :i* !y c nei!r ali5ate nor be depriv$ ( s long z !y exi/ z an indep5d5t nation or sov]eign political community4 ,:5 ! old gov]nm5t :i*1 z legal1 held f !m1 is brok5 up or dissolv$1 !y h ! inh]5t "r to come toge!r 9 su* way z !y *oose or c1 & recon/itute gov]nm5t or p[] 9 su* mann] & ve/ x 9 su* h&s z !y judge be/4 ,b ! *ur* disorganiz$ _c reorganize itself2 = ! organic p[] does n ve/ 9 ! *ur* z ! fai?ful or ! ,*ri/ian p4 ,au?ority 9 ! *ur* is n creat$1 con/itut$1 or delegat$ by ! ,*ri/ian p1 nor does x 9 any s5se hold f !m4 ,*ur* p[] or au?ority comes imm$iately f ,god to ! c5tral see1 & f t see radiates ?r\gh ! :ole body2 = ! au?or agrees ) u t ! *ur* is an organism4 ,h5ce we recognize ! ,c\ncil ( ,con/ance z a ,g5]al ,c\ncil only aft] x 0 convok$ by ,gregory ,,xii41 :o 01 9 our judgm5t1 ! true ,bi%op ( ! ,apo/olic ,see1 & hold legal only ! acts confirm$ by ,m>t9 ,v4 ,! disorganization ( ! *ur* is1 !n1 its dissolution or dea?4 ,x has no p[] to raise itself f ! dead4 ,if ! c5tral see c\ld really fail1 ! :ole organism w\ld fail4 ,! *ur* is indefectible ?r\gh ! indefectibility ( ! ,holy ,see1 & t is indefectible because x is ,pet]'s ,see1 & our ,"l promis$ ,pet] t1 h[ev] ,satan might try him1 8 fai? %\ld n fail3 ,satan has desir$ to sift !e z :eat2 b ,i h pray$ ! ,fa!r t ?y fai? fail n4 ,! pray] ( ,*ri/ _c be unansw]$1 & is a promise4 ,! attacks on ! ,holy ,see h be5 viol5t & cont9ual1 b !y h nev] be5 successful4 ,our ,"l's pray] has be5 effective1 & ,pet]'s fai? has nev] fail$4 ,no d\bt !re is ! full au?ority to tea* & to gov]n 9 ! *ur*2 b ?is au?ority is n d]iv$ f ! fai?ful nor di/ribut$ equally among !m1 b resides prim>ily & 9 its pl5itude 9 ! ,holy ,see1 & !re=e 9 ! bi%op ( t see1 or ! pope1 ,pet]'s successor1 9 :om ,pet] lives & cont9ues to tea* & gov]n ! :ole *ur*4 #eag ,all ,ca?olic bi%ops dep5d on him1 & receive f him _! jurisdiction1 & by au?ority f ,god ?r\gh him gov]n _! respective dioceses4 ,! *ur* is papal 9 its ess5tial con/itution1 n simply episcopal2 = we h se5 t x is an organism1 & c be an organism only z proce$+ f an organic c5tre1 or c5tral see1 on :i* its unity & ca?olicity dep5d4 ,! ,apo/olic ,see _c be sep>at$ f ! ,s$5s2 = )\t him x is empty1 incapable ( ?9k+1 speak+1 or act+4 ,x is1 !n1 x seems to u1 z utt]ly impossible to ass]t ! *ur* z really "o & ca?olic1 )\t ass]t+ ! pope1 or supreme pa/or1 z x w\ld be to ass]t an organism )\t ass]t+ a c5tral organic cell4 ,! failure ( ! pope w\ld be ! failure ( ! :ole *ur* organism1 ) no p[] ( reorganization or recon/ruction left--an important po9t 9 :i* ! *ur* & ! nation diff]4 ,! ov]look+ ( ?is po9t ( diff]5ce is ! reason :y our ca?oliciz+ ,anglicans suppose t ! *ur*1 ?\gh disorganiz$1 is able to reorganize h]self4 ,! reorganiz$ *ur*1 if effect$1 w\ld be a human organization1 n a div9e organism z creat$ by our ,"l himself4 ,b ! *ur*1 z we h se51 has nev] be5 disorganiz$1 & c\ld n be )\t ceas+ to exi/1 & cease to exi/ x _c1 if ca?olic4 ,! organic c5tre f :i* ! :ole organism is evolv$ & direct$ has rema9$ at ,rome ev] s9ce ,pet] transf]r$ ?i!r 8 *air f ,antio*1 & ! p>ticul> *ur*es hold+ f x & cont9u+ subject to x are integral elem5ts ( ! ca?olic organism1 :i* is z p]fect1 z complete1 & z entire z x 0 :5 ! ,ori5tal *ur*es ackn[l$g$ & submitt$ to ! supremacy ( ! successor ( ,pet]1 or :5 ! *ur* 9 ,engl& 0 9 full communion ) ! ,apo/olic ,see ( ,rome4 ,! sep>ation ( ^! f ! ,roman communion1 ?\gh x de/roy$ _! unity & ca?olicity1 did n break ! unity & ca?olicity ( ! organism2 x only plac$ !m outside ( t organism1 & cut !m (f f ! c5tral see1 ! s\rce ( all organic *ur* life4 ,! revolt ( ! ,anglo-,am]ican ,colonies f ,great ,brita91 9 #aggf1 & ! ,decl>ation ( _! ,indep5d5ce ( ! "m-c\ntry1 did n break h] unity or au?ority z a nation1 & inde$ did n ev5 deprive h] ( any ( h] rights ov] !m1 ?\gh x enfeebl$ h] p[] to gov]n !m1 till %e h]self ackn[l$g$ !m to be indep5d5t /ates4 ,! au?or seems to suppose t ! ,greeks & ,anglicans1 9 sep>at+ f ,rome1 broke ! unity ( ! *ur*1 & c>ri$ away ) !m ea* a portion ( h] ca?olicity1 s t !re n[ c be no ,"o ,ca?olic ,*ur* exi/+ 9 organic unity & ca?olicity1 save 9 rem9isc5ce & 9 pot5tia1 unless ^! two bodies are reunit$ ) ,rome 9 "o & ! same communion4 ,b ! ,greeks & ,anglicans _h bo? = c5turies recogniz$ ! au?ority ( ! ,apo/olic ,see1 z ! c5tre ( unity & s\rce ( jurisdiction4 ,:5 ! ,greeks sep>at$ f t see & refus$ to obey x1 !y took f x nei!r its organic unity nor its ca?olicity2 !y only cut !mselves (f & depriv$ !mselves ( bo?4 ,! same may be said ( ,anglicans 9 sep>at+ f ,rome & decl>+ !mselves indep5d5t4 #eah ,!y depriv$ !mselves ( unity & ca?olicity1 b left ! orig9al *ur* organism 9 all its integrity1 & only plac$ !mselves outside ( x4 ,! sep>ation 9 bo? cases depriv$ ! *ur* ( a portion ( h] population1 & dim9i%$ h] ext]nal p[] & gr&eur1 b took away none ( h] rights & pr]ogatives1 & 9 no respect impair$1 z we h already said1 ! unity or ca?olicity ( h] int]nal organism4 ,all t c be said is t ! sep>at$ ,ori5tal *ur*es & ,anglicans1 n ! *ur*1 h lo/ unity & ca?olicity1 & h ceas$ to be ,ca?olics1 ev5 :5 agree+ ) ! *ur* 9 h] dogmas & h] ext]nal rites & c]emonies4 ,!re is1 !n1 on ! side ( ! *ur*1 no brok5 unity to be heal$1 or lo/ ca?olicity to be re/or$4 ,if ! ,ori5tal *ur*es wi% to rega9 unity & ca?olicity1 all !y h to d is to submit to ! jurisdiction ( ! ,apo/olic ,see1 & r5ew _! communion ) ! "m & mi/ress ( all ! *ur*es4 ,n hav+ lo/ _! *ur* organization1 & hav+ reta9$ valid ord]s or ! prie/hood & ! augu/ sacrifice1 !y c return 9 _! corporate capacity4 ,!re is 9 _! case only a s*ism to be heal$4 ,! ,anglicans & ,episcopalians /& on a diff]5t foot+2 = !y h n ev5 s mu* z a s*ismatic *ur*1 s9ce ! ,episcopalians hold f ! ,anglicans1 & ! ,anglicans f ! /ate4 ,!y h no ord]s1 no prie/hood1 no sacrifice1 no sacram5ts--except baptism1 & ev5 pagans c adm9i/] t--no *ur* "* at all1 if we look at ! facts 9 ! case1 & !re=e1 l all ,prote/ants1 c be admitt$ to ! unity ( ! *ur* only on individual pr(ession & submission4 ,!re is mu* = ^? out ( unity to d to recov] x & to effect ! union 9 ! ,ca?olic communion ( all :o pr(ess to be ,*ri/ians1 b no?+ to r5d] ! *ur* h]self "o & ca?olic4 ,h] unity & ca?olicity are already e/abli%$ & unalt]able1 & s are ! t]ms ( communion & ! conditions ( *ur* life4 ,no gr& comb9ation1 !n1 is ne$$ to re/ore a divid$ & disorganiz$ *ur*4 ,b if ! *ur* 7 disorganiz$ & a re/oration ne$$1 no possible comb9ation ( ! sev]al disorganiz$ p>ts w\ld or c\ld effect x4 ,! disorganization c\ld n take place )\t ! loss by ! :ole organism ( ! organic c5tre1 & t1 once lo/1 c be recov]$ only by an orig9al creation1 by our ,"l1 ( a new *ur* organism1 :i*1 ev5 if x 7 done1 w\ld n re/ore u ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*2 = x w\ld n be a *ur* exi/+ un9t]rupt$ly f ! beg9n+1 & !re w\ld be a "t s9ce ! ,inc>nation :5 x did n subsi/1 & :5 !re 0 no *ur*4 ,! au?or assumes t unity may be evolv$ f multiplexity1 :i* is ,prote/ant1 n ,ca?olic philosophy2 )\t unity !re c be1 z we h said1 no multiplicity1 z )\t ! univ]sal !re c be no p>ticul>s4 ,! univ]sal prec$es ! p>ticul>s & g5]ates !m1 & :5 x goes !y g ) x4 ,unity prec$es multiplicity1 & produces1 su/a9s1 & directs x4 ,?is is impli$ 9 e argum5t us$1 or t c be us$1 by philosoph]s & !ologians1 to prove ! exi/5ce ( ,god & 8 provid5ce4 ,a!ism results f ! assumption t multiplicity may exi/ by itself1 indep5d5tly ( unity2 pan!ism1 f ! assumption t unity is a dead1 ab/ract unity1 l t ( ! old ,eleatics1 n a concrete1 liv+1 & effective unity1 & ! d5ial t unity creates multiplicity4 #eai ,physiology is refut+ bo? by its discov]ies1 confirm+ :at has always be5 affirm$ 9 pr9ciple by traditional sci5ce1 ! fact t !re is no organism or liv+ body1 9 ei!r ! animal or vegetable _w1 )\t ! orig9al c5tral cell1 born ( ance/ors1 :i* creates or g5]ates & directs all ! vital ph5om5a1 normal or abnormal1 ( ! organism1 z has already be5 /at$1 ?us plac+ sci5ce & ! tea*+ ( ! *ur* 9 h>mony4 ,dr4 ,ew] probably does n 9 8 own m9d absolutely d5y ! pres5t unity on :i* dep5ds ! ca?olicity ( ! *ur*2 b he supposes x is 9 "s way involv$ 9 multiplicity1 s t x ne$s n to be creat$1 b to be evok$ f ! exi/+ multiplexity :i* n[ obscures x & prev5ts its effectiv5ess4 ,b ?is we h %[n is n & _c be ! case1 because ! unity n only produces1 b directs or gov]ns ! manifold ph5om5a ( ! *ur*1 & mu/ !re=e be always di/9ct f & indep5d5t ( !m4 ,also1 because s long z unity & ca?olicity rema91 no disorganization or confusion requir+ _! evolution c take place1 except 9 ! p>ts exud$ or ?r[n (f by ! organism1 sev]$ or exsc9d$ f x1 t is1 only 9 :at is outside ( ! ,"o ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & =m+ no "p ( ! ca?olic body4 ,t s*ismatics & h]etics lack unity & ca?olicity1 is1 ( c\rse1 true2 b !y _c obta9 ei!r by an evolution f su* organization z !y may h reta9$ :5 ! sep>ation took place1 or may h subsequ5tly =m$ = !mselves1 b mu/ d x1 if at all1 by a return to ! organic c5tre1 :]e bo? are & h nev] ceas$ to be1 on ! t]ms & conditions ! ,holy ,see prescribes4 ,dr4 ,ew] ma9ta9s t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is re/rict$ to ! ,roman1 ,greek1 & ,anglican ,*ur*es1 & consi/s 9 :at ^! h 9 common or agree 9 hold+4 ,^!1 he ma9ta9s1 h all fail$1 h taught & /ill tea* griev\s errors1 set up false claims1 & "o or m ( !m at lea/ h fall5 into sup]/iti\s practices2 yet he cont5ds t ! univ]sal *ur* has n fail$4 ,b z ! univ]sal *ur* has no organic exi/5ce indep5d5t ( ^!1 has no organs ( spee* or action1 no p]sonality b 9 !m1 h[1 if he is "r 9 8 !ory1 c he ma9ta9 t ! :ole *ur* has n fail$8 ,if he held t ! unity & ca?olicity ( ! *ur* 7 9 ! c5tral or organic see1 he might hold t p>ticul> *ur*es h fail$1 & t ! ,"o ,ca?olic ,*ur* has n fail$4 ,!n he c\ld ass]t1 z we d1 t ! organism rema9s1 acts1 tea*es1 & gov]ns ?r\gh its own infallible organs1 9 its own individuality1 or ! supreme pontiff :o is its p]sonality or p]son4 ,b on 8 !ory1 ! failure ( ea* ( ! ?ree p>ts :i* comprise ! :ole *ur*1 x seems to u1 mu/ c>ry ) x ! failure ( ! :ole4 ,dr4 ,ew]'s difficulty w\ld seem to gr[ out ( 8 wi% to be a ,ca?olic & rema9 9 ! ,anglican or ,episcopalian communion 9 :i* he is a m9i/]1 or to return f ,prote/antism to ,ca?olicity )\t any *ange ( position4 ,?is w\ld be possible1 if hold+1 on private judgm5t1 ,ca?olic dogmas1 & obs]v+1 on no au?ority1 ,ca?olic =ms ( wor%ip1 con/itut$ "o a memb] ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,b he %\ld und]/& t :at he wi%es is impracticable1 & t all 8 ef=ts are labor lo/4 #ebj ,s long z a man is 9 a communion sep>at$ f ! pres5t actual liv+ unity ( ! *ur*1 he c become a ,ca?olic only by leav+ x1 or by its corporate return to ! ,holy ,see & submission to ! supreme pontiff4 ,a corporate return is practicable 9 ! case ( ! ,ea/]n *ur*es2 b ev5 9 !m ! individual :o is p]sonally aw>e ( ! s*ismatic "* ( 8 *ur* %\ld ab&on x = unity at once )\t wait+ = its corporate return2 b 9 ! case ( ,anglicans & ,episcopalians1 z 9 ! case ( all ,prote/ant communions1 ! return mu/ be individual & p]sonal4 ,we are surpris$ at ,dr4 ,ew]'s /atem5t t ! ,greek ,*ur* has no cultus ( ,/4 ,m>y ev]-,virg91 z we are t _m ,anglicans1 l ,dr4 ,pusey1 :o object to ! ,roman ,*ur* on acc\nt ( t cultus1 %\ld seek communion ) ! s*ismatic ,greeks1 ) :om t cultus is pu%$ to an extreme f> beyond any?+ 9 ! ,lat9 ,*ur*4 ,! tru? is1 t all t (f5ds ,prote/ants 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 except ! papacy1 exi/s 9 ev5 a m (f5sive =m 9 ! ,greek s*ismatic ,*ur*4 ,! s*ismatic ,greek bi%ops ex]cise ov] _! flocks a tyranny :i* is impracticable 9 ! ,roman ,*ur*1 :]e ! papal au?ority re/ricts t ( bi%ops & temp]s _! adm9i/ration ( _! dioceses4 ,b x is "t to br+ our rem>ks to a close4 ,we are unable to recognize ! ,ca?olicity we pr(ess 9 t propos$ by ,dr4 ,ew]4 ,! "o holy ca?olic apo/olic *ur* he sets =? does n appe> to u to be ! *ur* ( ! fa!rs1 nor ! "o ( :i* we are an affectionate if an unwor?y son4 ,9 our judgm5t1 ,dr4 ,ew] is /ill 9 ! ,prote/ant family1 & foll[+ private judgm5t z 8 rule1 ?\gh d5\nc+ x4 ,he has n grasp$ ! c5tral1 or1 z ,dr4 ,*ann+ w\ld say1 ! sem9al pr9ciple ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,yet he seems to be well dispos$1 & to be seek+ x1 & has made l>ge /rides t[>d x4 ,we ?9k 8 disc\rses are n only brilliant1 bold1 & en]getic1 b fitt$ to h great influ5ce 9 turn+ ! public m9d t[>d ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,we h giv5 our reasons :y we d n admit t he has z yet f\nd t *ur*2 b /ill we ?9k 8 disc\rses w help _m to f9d x1 ?\gh he himself may n f9d x4 ,he has1 z yet1 /rong prejudices aga9/ ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 & is und5iably anti-papal4 ,b /ill !re c be no d\bt t he w\ld l to feel himself a ,ca?olic1 & h done once = all ) ,prote/antism4 ,dr4 ,ew] /&s n alone4 ,!re are l>ge numb]s 9 8 communion1 & o!r ,prote/ant communions1 :o ?9k & feel z he does1 :o1 f ! top ( ,m\nt ,pisgah1 h obta9$--if n ! cle> vision ,moses _h--at lea/ "s glimpses1 m or less confus$1 ( ! promis$ l&1 & are attract$ & *>m$ by :at !y see ( x4 ,we h a feel+ ( respectful t5d]ness t[>d ^! m51 & ( great sympa?y ) _! trials & /ruggles4 ,:ile we mu/ tell !m ! tru? 9 firm & manly tones1 treat !m z m51 n z *ildr51 we w\ld1 on no acc\nt1 say or d any?+ to w\nd _! susceptibilities1 or to create an impression t we d n take a deep & lively int]e/ 9 _! ef=ts to arrive at ,ca?olicity4 ,! _s is work+ 9 !m to br+ !m to light & life4 ,!y are n aga9/ u1 & to "s ext5t are ) u4 ,we w\ld1 = _! sakes1 !y 7 :olly ) u1 & we nev] cease to pray ,god t !y may f9d ! hav5 ( security & re/ x has pleas$ him t we %\ld f9d = ourselves4 #eba ,we once 7 "o ( _! numb]1 ?\ght & felt ) !m1 /ruggl$ ) !m1 & we c h = !m only words ( enc\ragem5t & hope4 ,9 :at we h said we h _h only ! desire to assi/ !m to f9d & und]/& ! ,"o ,holy ,ca?olic ,apo/olic ,*ur*4 ---------- ,! ,ev5+ ,primrose4 ,( twilight & fre% dews1 ,mo/ odor\s fl[]1 ?\ art ! *ild2 ,adorn+ ev5+'s p5sive hues ,) spl5dors mild4 ,a vesp] acolyte1 ,born1 b = ?is "o night1 ,to sw+ ?y gold5 c5s] ( p]fume1 ,:ile />s ! tranquil firmam5t illume1 ,= heav5's delight4 ,?y t]m ( s]vice1 fleet1 ,creative wi% do? meet2 ,a swift exi/5ce2 b :i* ?is r>e grace ,( ceaseless wor%ip1 fill+ life's brief space1 ,cr[ns z complete4 ,?y blissful vigil keep1 ,rapt fl[]1 :ile o!rs sleep3 ,ador+ angels claim !e f above ,a de> companion 9 _! task ( love2 ,& ,i w\ld fa9 pres5t1 ,) wor%ipful int5t1 ,?y dewy blossoms on my ev5+ %r9e2 ,a contrite homage2 sigh+ to repair1 ,) ! accept$ inc5se ( ?y pray]1 ,= slo? l m9e4 ---------- #ebb ,h]emore-,br&on2 ,or1 ,! ,=tunes ,( ,a ,newsboy4 ,h[e'er x be1 x seems to me ',tis only noble to be good2 ,k9d he>ts are m ?an coronets1 ,& simple fai? ?an ,norman blood4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,f\r little boys3 two ( !m _h s(t fair hair1 & 7 dress$ 9 ! f9e/ clo?2 ! o!r two _h v bu%y heads1 & 7 dress$ 9 :atev] !y c\ld get4 ,x 0 e>ly ,*ri/mas morn+1 & ! two ri* boys 7 sitt+ by ! w9d[ ( a h&some br[n-/one h\se1 & !y _h ea* a /ock+ plump full ( da9ties2 ! two poor boys 7 call+ ! morn+ pap]s on ! /one-cold sidewalk1 & if !y _h any /ock+s at all1 y may be v sure !y 7 plump full ( holes4 ,an't he funny1 rem>k$ ! small] ( ! two 9 ! h\se1 look+ at ! l>g] ( ! two 9 ! /reet2 an't he too funny6 ,& betwe5 laugh+ & eat+1 little ,fr$ came ne> *ok+ himself4 ,see 8 old coat1 ,josie1 x trails l ,aunt ,ellie's blue dress6 ,& su* a que] old hat2 don't x make y laugh1 ,josie8 ,i h se5 s _m ( 'em1 expla9$ ,josie4 ,:at are y laugh+ at1 ,fr$1 ask$ _! si/] ,m>y1 com+ up to !m4 ,^? newsboys1 he answ]$1 & imitat$ _! ,times1 ',erald1 ,tribune6 ,"h's ! ',erald1 ,times1 ,tribune6 s p]fectly t _! fa!r ?\ght x 0 a real newsboy call+1 & cri$ out to !m f ano!r room to hurry up & br+ a ,h]ald1 at :i* comm& ! *ildr5 ru%$ eag]ly into ! hall1 & tugg$ ) _! unit$ /r5g? to op5 ! doors1 ea* anxi\s to be ! fir/ to speak to ! odd-look+ newsboys1 & also to be ! =tunate "o to take ! pap] to _! fa!r4 ,9 ! mean "t1 ! two newsboys _h n be5 unm9dful ( ! faces beh9d ! plat$ w9d[4 ,i say1 ,jim1 said ! big boy1 :o 0 ab\t twelve or ?irte5 ye>s old1 did y ev] see ! beat ( t "y 'un !re8 ,don't y *oke y]self1 y\ng/]1 f'fe> y'd *eat a fri5d f do+ t same :5 y're gr[$ up4--,ere's ! ',erald6 ,tribune6 ,times6--,george6 ,jim1 ,i wi% to ?und] !re'd "s new pap]s come up4 ,an't y] tir$ all]s a holl]9' out !m same old tunes8--,times6 ',erald6 ,tribune6--,h[ d'ye s'pose a fell]'d feel to wake up "s ( ^! y]e morn9's 9 "o o' !m big h\ses8 ,he]d tell ( /rang] ?+s 'n t1 ,dick1 repli$ ,jim1 :o read ! weekly pap]s4 ',turn aga91 ,:itt+ton1 ,"l-,mayor ( ,london1' z ! cat said6 ,turn$ out true1 too4 ,y'd bett] get a cat1 ,jim1 y're su* a /unn9' fell]2 %\ldn't wond] if y'd turn out ald]man "s ( ^! days6 ,at :i*1 = no app>5t reason1 ,dick laugh$ until e rag 0 flutt]+4 ,!y wants a pap]2 bett] 't5d to y] bus9ess1 answ]$ ,jim1 at :i* ! o!r newsboy in/antly grew grave1 &1 %uffl+ 8 old %oes across ! /reet1 m\nt$ ! /eps :]e ! *ildr5 7 wait+ & call+ = him4 #ebc ,i want a ,new ,york ,h]ald1 said ,fr$ v gr&ly4 ,han't got no ',eralds1 answ]$ ! newsboy4 ,fr$ ru%$ into ! h\se say+1 ,8 ,h]alds are all gone4 ,tribune1 !n1 & don't keep ! door op51 in/ruct$ ! r\gh voice f "s invisible spot4 ,m>y %ut ! door all b a little crack4 ,papa want$ a ,h]ald1 %e said2 y ought to h "o :5 my papa wants x4 ,?\ght ,i _h1 b c\ldn't help x2 ',erald's got a great spee* to-day1 & ,i've sold 'em all4 ,d y sell pap]s e day8 ,m>y ask$4 ,! bu%y head made a sort ( b[1 z ! poor newsboy look$ at ! fair-hair$ little girl on ! /oop1 :o condesc5d$ to "q him4 ,yes1 miss1 he answ]$1 s9ce ev] ,i wasn't bigg]'n a gras%opp]4 ,an't he funny8 said ,fr$4 ,don't y get tir$8 ask$ ,m>y4 ,well1 ,i c't say ,i doesn't1 'specially sometimes4 ,an't y glad x's ,*ri/mas8 ,josie ask$1 z que/ions seem$ ! fa%ion4 ,i k9d] am1 repli$ ! newsboy4 ,did y h _m pres5ts8 que/ion$ ,m>y4 ,me8 ,bless y1 :o'd give 'em to me1 miss8 ,didn't y hang up y\r /ock+ la/ night8 ,fr$ ask$4 ,! newsboy seem$ mu* amus$ at ! "q2 = x 0 pla9 t he c\ld h>dly keep f laugh+ "r out4 ,well1 no1 ,i didn't1 he answ]$4 ,don't ?9k ?+s w\ld /ick 9 "o long1 if ,i did6 ,d y put y\r money 9 a sav+s bank8 ,by & by y'd h en\gh to build a h\se maybe1 if y 7 c>eful1 said ,josie4 ,jim & me likes tak9' x out 9 eat9' be/1 answ]$ ,dick4 ,:y don't y br+ me t pap]8 cri$ _! fa!r's voice4 ,& ! two boys ran ha/ily into ! h\se4 ,y may h my c&y1 said ,m>y 9 a /ately way4 ,i c h pl5ty m4 ,& %e put h] /ore ( da9ty ,fr5* c&y into ! boy's h&1 &1 :ile he 0 /ill look+ at h] 9 amazem5t1 foll[$ h] bro!rs into ! h\se & %ut ! door4 ,j y p9* me1 ,jim1 ,dick said1 jo9+ 8 companion4 ,drive 9 he>ty1 n[4 ,an't ,i asleep8 ,well1 ,i dunno2 :at y] got !re8 ,%e give x to me4 ,:o's t8 ,h] on ! /eps2 didn't y see h]8 ,y tell t to ! m>9es6 ,guess y took x4 ,no1 ,i didn't1 ,dick said indignantly4 ,i nev] took no?9' z w>n't m9e yet4 ,let's h a look1 said ,jem1 rea*+ out 8 h& = ! package2 b ,dick w\ld n let him t\* x4 ,i'm go+ to keep x always to rememb] h]1 he said4 ,guess y want t] eat x y]self1 ,jem said4 ,i w\ldn't be s mean4 ,i an't g5'rally call$ mean1 ,dick answ]$ ) great dignity4 ,don't y wond]1 ,jim1 said ,dick1 z !y made fri5ds & pass$ on--don't x seem curi\s h[ "s folks is ri* & purty l !m !re1 & o!rs is poor & ugly l me & y1 ,jim8 ,george6 speak = y]self1 if ye l4 ,guess ,i'd pass 9 a cr[d1 if ,i'd ! f9e fix9's6 #ebd ,s'pos9' me & y _h d&ifi$ coats & yell] gloves1 & ! fix9's to mat*1 s'pose anybody'd "k we 0 newsboys8 ,dick ask$ ?\ghtfully4 ,i ray!r ?9k1 said ,jim1 we'd be a deal sight h&som]'n "s ( !m *aps z has 'em n[4 ,let's save our money & try x1 ,jim4 ',nuff said1 answ]$ ,jim1 laugh+4 ,& ! newsboys 9 _! que] g>m5ts1 & ) _! light he>ts1 pass$ out ( sight ( ,mr4 ,br&on's br[n-/one h\se & fair-hair$ *ildr54 ,b n out ( all remembrance4 ,! *ildr5 _h a p>ty t ,*ri/mas aft]noon2 & :5 !y 7 tir$ ( romp+1 & 7 seat$ ar\nd ! room1 ! girls play+ ) _! dolls2 ! ,ca?olic ones tell+ ! o!rs 9 l[ voices ab\t ! fl[]s & lights1 & ! wond]ful mang] :i* !y _h se5 at ,mass t morn+2 & ! boys eag]ly li/5+ to ! /ories ( f>away l&s1 :i* "o ( ! old] p 0 tell+1 little ,m>y knelt 9 an arm-*air1 & look$ out ( ! w9d[ at ! p hurry+ ?r\gh ! driv+ ra9 & sn[1 & at ! /reet-lamps gl>+ ?r\gh ! wet & cold4 ,h] k9d little he>t _h be5 v light1 & a /range joy\sness _h surr\nd$ h] all day1 mak+ h] m g5tle ?an ev]1 s t %e _h n spok5 "o ha/y ^w1 or once hesitat$ to take ! l[e/ "p 9 any ( ! plays4 ,?\gh %e did n "k x1 ! little infant ,jesus _h smil$ on h] t morn+ :5 %e 0 k9d to ! poor1 homeless newsboy2 & n[ %e und]/ood--= *>ity _h enl>g$ h] m9d--m di/9ctly ?an %e ev] _h be=e1 t !re 7 _m cold & desolate *ildr5 = :om !re 7 no e>?ly glad tid+s t day1 yet :o 7 z mu* ,god's own z ! little ones gr\p$ ar\nd h] fa!r's pleasant p>lors4 ,!n1 j z %e did ! be/ %e c\ld1 & pray$ 9 h] he>t = ! *ildr5 ( ! poor1 %e ?\ght %e saw ! newsboy to :om %e _h spok5 9 ! morn+ /&+ close to ! rail+ by ! w9d[2 b be=e %e c\ld be sure ( x1 ! s]vant light$ ! gas2 %e he>d ! *ildr5 call+ h] = a new game1 & %e ran lightly away4 ,b !re 0 "o cr\*$ 9 ! cold outside1 :o wond]$ at ! sudd5 light & gl[ )92 & z ! bewild]$ newsboy saw h] danc+ pa/ ! light$ w9d[s1 x seem$ to him t x 0 n s f>1 aft] all1 to ! heav5 & ! angels ( :om he _h he>d2 = ! glad tid+s _h come to ,dick1 ev5 ,dick1 & !y woke up ! good1 ! w to d "r1 :i* is 9 e he>t1 & :i* did n sleep aga9 9 him1 ev5 :5 ! little1 unc>$-=1 outca/ head re/$ on ! /one /eps t ,*ri/mas night4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,v little idea _h poor ,dick ( "r or wrong4 ,no fond "m took him to h] he>t :5 he 0 a toddl+ wee "o1 j big en\gh to half und]/&1 & betwe5 h] kisses told him ( angels & sa9ts1 ( h]oes & m>tyrs1 & ( t ,que5 ,"m up 9 heav51 de>] ?an !m all1 :o nev] =got ^? :o once _h lov$ h]1 & ( ! beautiful _w ) its fl[]s & fruits1 its great riv]s & high m\nta9s1 its delici\s gre5 & its glori\s blue1 :i* a good ,fa!r _h giv5 to m5 = _! enjoym5t4 ,no lov+ si/]1 ) bright eyes & t5d] voice1 toss$ him 9 h] /rong "y arms1 & sang to him h[ knights & w>riors1 ! great & good ( e>?1 & lov$ ( heav51 _h all be5 *ildr5 once l him1 only nev] half s sweet & de>4 #ebe ,no noble fa!r1 true 9 ! mid/ ( trials1 ev] wat*$ ) anxi\s c>e t ^? little feet %\ld walk only 9 ! /raight & n>r[ pa?4 ,s x 0 a h>d ?+ = poor ,dick1 :5 he rubb$ 8 br[n h&s ?r\gh 8 bu%y1 uncomb$ hair ! next morn+1 & pu%$ ! worn old hat ov] 8 /ill sleepy eyes1 to "k j :at to d to f9d ! temple ( ,=tune4 ,at times1 ?\gh1 he _h foll[$ ! cr[d ( noisy boys & girls :om y may see ar\nd ! doors ( any ,ca?olic *ur* at ab\t n9e o'clock on ,sunday morn+s1 & _h li/5$ ) a critical air1 & slightly sup]cili\s1 f "s d>k corn] ne> ! door1 to ! talk+ & ! pray]s :i* he did n :olly und]/&1 b portions ( :i* he did once or twice take into 8 inn] consci\sness & fully approve4 ,9 "s way1 he !n seem$ to feel t :i* made him less r\gh 9 all 8 answ]s1 readi] 9 all 8 responses to ! call = pap]s1 n always g5tly call$ =2 &1 ?\gh he knew n :y1 !re 7 few] wick$ words on 8 lips t day ?an = _m a day be=e4 ,x happ5$ t he kept 8 eyes op5 & grew ?\ghtful1 & did n =get 8 wi% to be bett]2 s t1 f be+ a newsboy1 he became an err&-boy 9 a book-/ore1 :]e he le>n$ to be hone/ & to tell ! tru?1 :i* 0 a rapid advance 9 8 education2 = y "k x is m ?an "s p h le>n$ :o h liv$ to be six times ,dick's age4 ,sometimes a little lady came to t v /ore to *oose h] picture-books & ,*ri/mas /ories2 & x 0 8 place to op5 ! door = h]2 or p]haps "s "o w\ld call out1 ,dick1 a *air = ?is lady1 & !n he 0 z happy z a pr9ce4 ,sometimes he w\ld be s5t home ) h] pur*ases1 & m\nt$ ! /eps1 ent]$ h] fa!r's h\se1 & always felt good aga92 = always ! same picture ( a little girl 9 blue1 ) fair hair1 & h] h&s full ( da9ty ,fr5* c&y1 & a ragg$ newsboy1 dirty & amaz$1 w\ld be !re be=e him4 ,*ri/mas _h come & gone m ?an once1 & x 0 com+ aga91 :5 ,dick turn$ up ! gas 9 a m]e closet ( a room v high up 9 a d+y bo>d+-h\se1 & made a gho/ ( a fire 9 an old ru/y /ove4 ,x w\ldn't seem to u a v enliv5+ prospect2 = ! room 0 b slightly furni%$1 & ! /ove smok$1 :ile ! w9d beat at ! n ov]clean w9d[s1 on :i* !re 7 no curta9s to %ut out ! d>k & cold4 ,b ,dick seem$ to ?9k x some?+ v luxuri\s2 = he rubb$ 8 h&s be=e ! blue apology = a flame1 & sat d[n on ! brok5 wood5 /ool1 ) z mu* ze/ z t ) :i* ,i h se5 gr& p s9k into a great arm-*air aft] a walk4 ,*ri/mas eve aga91 he said to ! fire1 = x 0 8 only companion4 ,let me look at y1 ,mr4 ,coals1 & see :at pictures y h = me to-night4 ,h[ _m nights1 worse nights ?an ?is1 ,i h be5 glad to cr\* "u an old %$1 or 9 "s alley1 & n[ to ?9k1 ?anks to ! good ,god1 ,i h a fire ( my own6 ,poor little b>e feet on ! icy pavem5t to-night1 ,i wi% ,i _h y r\nd my jolly old /ove4 ,:5 ,i am ri*1 ,i w6 ,!n he laugh$ at ! idea4 ,b ,i won't wait until ,i am ri*1 or ,i w\ld nev] des]ve to h ! *ance4 ,h[ are y1 ,dick8 said a *e]y voice1 ?\gh deep & r\gh1 at ! door4 ,& a man came into ! room1 :i* ei!r 8 figure1 or 8 coat1 or 8 voice1 or ! flute "u 8 arm1 seem$ to fill to su* an ext5t t ! v corn]s 7 cr[d$4 #ebf ,h[ are y1 ,dick8 ,x's bl[+ a hurricane outside1 & y're z cold z ,gre5l& "h4 ,x may d = y1 b n = me2 old blood is ?91 my boy1 old blood is ?94 ,at :i* ,dick laugh$ he>tily1 :ile putt+ m coal on ! fire2 = ,c>l ,/(fs 0 9 ! prime ( life1 hale & he>ty1 weigh+ at lea/ two hundr$ p\nds1 ,i am sure1 & ) a r\nd face1 v r$1 b also v solemn1 = ,c>l ,/(fs 0 a ,g]man e in* ( him4 ,! /ove grew v r$ also "u 8 vigor\s h&s2 b :e!r f ang] or by reflection ,i w n attempt to say4 ,& n[1 he said1 seat+ himself on ! wood5 *air1 ,dick hav+ giv5 x up to 8 gue/1 :ile he occupi$ a box in/ead--& n[1 h[ are y1 boy8 ,ready = m]ry ,*ri/mas1 eh8 ,y'll come to u to-morr[1 s says my wife4 ,9 ,am]ica1 y all d m9d y\r wives2 m9e tells me to br+ y4 ,!n ,i mu/1 ,i "k1 ,dick said1 look+ at ! o!r1 :o 0 ne> ?ree times 8 size4 ,i w\ld h a poor *ance 9 oppos+ y6 ,b ,c>l ,/(fs knew well h[ gratefully ! fri5dless boy accept$ ! ?\ghtful invitation4 ,n[1 %all we h "s music1 said he1 z he drew out 8 flute1 &1 )\t wait+ an answ]1 put x to 8 m\?1 & br\ght =? su* ri*1 full tones f ! in/rum5t t ,dick1 z he />$ at ! n[ bright fire1 seem$ to be 9 a l& ( en*antm5t4 ,y are ! only man1 f ! que5 ( ,engl& d[n1 :om ,i really envy1 said ,dick1 9 "o ( ! pauses4 ,y c h music :5ev] y wi% x2 ,i am only a begg>1 grateful = e note ?r[n 9 my way4 ,7 y out1 la/ night8 ,yes1 all night 9 ,f\rte5? /reet1 at ! ri* ,br&ons4 ,madam is v gay1 ?is w9t]4 ,i wi% ,i 7 a musician1 said ,dick4 ,x mu/ be jolly to see all ! danc+ & ! bright dresses6 ,& ! pretty ladies1 eh8 :o don't m9d y no m ?an if y 7 a /ick or a /one4 ,inde$1 my boy1 y'd soon get tir$ ( x2 x seems s gr& at fir/1 ! beautiful picture all 9 motion2 b y\r eyes--!y a*e aft] a little4 ,too mu* light1 my boy1 too mu* light4 ,& ! musician w5t long j\rneys up & d[n 8 wond]ful flute be=e he spoke aga94 ,!y'll g music-mad ov] "s fool at ! piano2 b y play until y\r own music makes y wild1 & nev] "o ?9ks or c>es ab\t y4 ,la/ night1 ,i play$ only = "o4 ,%e 0 always danc+1 & %e seem$ to g on ! w+s ( ! music j z x said to h] g4 ,i 0 n tir$ la/ night4 ,await+ no answ]1 he turn$ aga9 to 8 flute1 & all ?r\gh ! d+y1 cr[d$ h\se rang a joy\s ,gloria 9 excelsis4 ,r\gh captives ( labor he>d x1 & answ]$ to x1 kn[+ well ! glad tid+s1 ! mo/ glori\s ev] sung1 & yet sung to k+s & %eph]ds alike4 ,! old s9n]s he>d x1 & ?\ght ( ! /range days :5 ev5 !y 7 "y & innoc5t4 ,f9is1 cri$ ! ,g]man1 ris+ sl[ly1 & putt+ on 8 %aggy ov]coat4 ,i promis$ my wife t ,i w\ld be home at n9e1 &1 z d all ! p "h1 ,i m9d my wife2 b x is "o inconv5i5t ?+4 ,y w come to u aft] ,mass1 to-morr[8 ,y are too good to me4 ,:5 ,i am ri*1 p]haps ,i %all "k h[ to ?ank y4 #ebg ,y %\ld ?9k y\rself ri* n[4 ,y are "y2 !re is no ri*es l t4 ,i wi% ,i 7 old]1 ?\gh1 sigh$ ,dick4 ,nev] say t1 nev]1 nev]4 ,! poore/ y\? is bett] ?an ! ri*e/ age1 said ! ,g]man e>ne/ly4 ,i %\ldn't wond] if ,mr4 ,/(fs _h j f\nd 8 fir/ gray hair1 & 0 speak+ "u its influ5ce4 ,at all ev5ts1 he did n conv9ce ,dick1 :o said1 ) equal e>ne/ness & m quickness3 ,i mu/ say x3 e day seems too long1 e h\r goes too sl[ly1 until ,i c get at my life's "w4 ,?is wait+ = x kills me4 ,my fri5d1 d y call ?is wait+8 laugh$ ! ,g]man4 ,0 x wait+ & do+ no?+ t *ang$ y f-- ,b ?9k1 int]rupt$ ,dick1 ( :at ought to h-be54 ,"s day--"s day ,i w get my h& to ! pl\gh1 y'll see6 ,at lea/1 a little a%am$ ( ! seem+ conceit1 ,i hope y w4 ,& :at makes y c>e8 ,i ?9k x's born 9 u all to l to be active--to be do+ some?+4 ,inde$1 x's ab\t ! only legacy my poor p>5ts left me4 ,x may be1 = ,i "k no?+ ( !m1 t !y 7 j ! same z o!r p1 out ( :om bitt] pov]ty has tak5 all pride & ambition2 b ,i c't ?9k x1 someh[4 ,d y really "k no?+ ( !m8 ,no?+4 ,i h a little seal$ box1 ) an injunction on ! outside ( x t ,i am n to op5 x until ,i am ( age4 ,i don't "k :]e ,i fir/ got x1 nor f :om x came4 ,x may be "s trick to tease me = ye>s1 & disappo9t me at la/1 = all ,i "k2 & /ill ,i h always kept x1 = x is all ,i h4 ,& ,i ?9k x came f !m4 ,x may tell y some?+ wond]ful1 said 8 visitor1 laugh+4 ,= x 0 easy = him to und]/& t "s "y "m1 :o ev5 9 h] pov]ty _h f\nd ! means ( read+ & believ+ /ones ( pr9ces 9 disguise1 & c\ntesses 9 cell>s1 dis[n$ & dis9h]it$1 all = true love's sake1 _h made a my/]y ( leav+ a lock ( h] hair1 & p]haps a *eap w$d+-r+1 to h] boy2 & he c\ld n =be> a little ridicule ( ! folly4 ,x may tell y some?+ wond]ful4 ,if x gives y possession ( half ( ,new ,york1 don't =get y\r fri5ds1 w y1 ,dick8 ,& !n1 button$ up to 8 *91 & ) 8 cap cov]+ half 8 face1 & look+ j l ,santa ,claus1 ,c>l ,/(fs bundl$ 8 *]i%$ flute "u 8 arm1 & ob$i5tly w5t home to 8 wife4 ,dick l+]$ a mom5t1 aft] he left1 be=e clos+ ! door4 ,! room 0 n :olly 8 own2 b 8 companion _h a fa!r & a "m 9 ,new ,j]sey1 & he _h gone home to !m1 ) some?+ 9 8 pockets = ! *ildr5's ,*ri/mas2 s = t night ,dick 0 9 undisput$ possession4 ,! passages 7 d>k & cold2 ! sn[ _h got ?r\gh "s ( ! brok5 w9d[s1 & lay 9 sev]al little hills on ! entry floor2 ! sa% rattl$1 & ,dick %iv]$1 z he /ood irresolute at ! door ( 8 room4 ,b ! irresolution did n la/ long4 ,he bundl$ up1 z well z 8 scanty w>drobe p]mitt$1 clos$ ! door firmly beh9d him1 & w5t d[n ! creak+1 brok5 /airs1 & ?r\gh ! dre>y passages1 :]e he c\ld see ! sn[ huddl+ up to ! d>k w9d[-panes1 z if x 7 a :ite bird try+ to get 9 & beat+ its w+s aga9/ ! dirty glass4 ,dick _h n f> to walk1 aft] leav+ ! h\se1 be=e he f\nd t :i* he _h come out to f9d--somebody )\t a %elt] f ! /orm4 #ebh ,& ,i %\ld n wond] if any night1 h[ev] bitt] & cold1 t y or ,i %\ld take a notion to g out on ! same err&1 we %\ld n h to g f> = equal success1 & t ev5 if we />t$ f ! mo/ delightful dwell+-place 9 all ,new ,york4 ,"u ! rema9s ( "s brok5 /eps1 or m truly by ! side ( !m1 = !y 7 too brok5 to %elt] a kitt51 two d>k figures 7 ly+ close toge!r4 ,9 "o ( ! pauses ( ! /orm1 :5 ! /reet-lamp _h a *ance to %9e a little1 ,dick c\ld see t ! figures 7 ^? ( two boys asleep4 ,he did n wait long to r\se !m4 ,"o woke up at once1 cross1 &1 if ,i mu/ tell ! tru?1 ) "s v wick$ words on 8 lips4 ,get up1 & come ) me1 said ,dick4 ,:at y] want 'long o' me8 ,i an't do+ no?9'1 he mutt]$4 ,i "k t2 b ,i w give y a bett] place to sleep 94 ,come4 ,bad words aga94 ,i an't done no?9' to y4 ,le' me 'lone4 ,i want y to come home ) me4 ,did y ev] he> ( a newsboy call$ ,big ,dick8 ,t's me4 ,i an't afe>d o' no?9'4 ,h'ere goes6 ,& ! poor little fell[1 /ill believ+ ! o!r 0 *aff+1 got on 8 feet4 ,d y want t'o!r8 ,he an't wor? no?9'1 b he'll keep d>k4 ,yes1 bo? ( y4 ,hurry him up2 x is a t]rible night4 ,come along1 ,joe4 ,:]e's y] spunk8 ,i an't afe>d o' no?9'4 ,!re's no?+ to be afraid (1 said ,dick1 z g5tly z ! ro>+ /orm w\ld let him4 ,don't talk n[1 b come on4 ,i'll take y to a room ) a fire 9 x1 add$ ,dick1 9 spite ( himself feel+ t he 0 bon pr9ce to ! little newsboys4 ,come on1 ,joe1 urg$ ! o!r1 dragg+ & pu%+ ! little newsboy1 :o 0 h>dly m ?an a baby1 b :o seem$ to :imp]1 sleepy & fright5$1 z no d\bt he 01 until1 z quietly z ! old /airs w\ld p]mit1 & almo/ hold+ _! brea?1 !y foll[$ ,dick to 8 room4 ,an't ?is bully1 n[8 said ,jack 9 an und]tone1 :5 he /ood be=e ! fire 9 ! light$ room1 & ,joe1 ) r\nd1 />+ eyes1 b n a ^w ( compla9t or fe>1 _h be5 put on ! wood5 *air4 ,i say1 n[1 ,joe an't mu*1 b he'll nev] blab2 b ,i'se all "r4 ,:at y] want u to d1 n[1 sir8 ,to get w>m1 answ]$ ,dick4 ,i 0 once a newsboy1 & slept "u /oops & %$s1 l ! re/ ( !m2 b n[ ,i've got a fire ( my own1 & ,i want$ company2 s ,i w5t out & got y & ,joe1 & n[ make y\rselves at home = tonight4 ,"h's "s crack]s & *eese1 & :5 y've _h some?+ to eat y c g to sleep "h4 ,x's bett] ?an out !re1 isn't x8 ,! newsboy />$ at ,dick1 & grunt$ some?+ :i* s\nd$ v mu* z if he did n believe a ^w t 8 ho/ _h said4 ,! o!r sat sil5t1 /olid1 & seem+ly ready to he> any?+4 ,he ate 8 %>e ( ! crack]s & *eese gre$ily1 b ) a wat*ful eye on ! giv]4 ,! w>m?1 h[ev]1 soon prov$ too mu* = 8 vigilance1 &1 ?\gh 8 eyes 7 /ill fix$ on ,dick's face1 !y 7 heavy & expressionless4 ,at la/1 ,dick took him up1 undress$ him1 & laid him 9 8 b$ 9 ! corn]2 & !n1 = ! fir/ "t1 ,joe's tongue 0 loos5$4 ,!re1 n[1 he said1 z he lay exactly z ,dick _h plac$ him1 ,i are dead & gone at la/4 ,twasn't no lies ab\t t'o!r _w2 !y wasn't a fool9' on u1 aft] all4 ,"h an't no m ,h]alds & ,tribunes4 ,i are dead & gone at la/6 ,& s rejoic+1 ,joe's eyes clos$ securely1 & x is likely he dreamt ( angels1 if he dreamt at all1 until morn+ came4 #ebi ,he an't mu*1 said ,jack1 :om ?is act ( ,dick's1 toge!r ) ! fire & ! food1 _h made less incr$ul\s & m confid5tial4 ,he's a s(t 'un2 he an't got ! "r pluck4 ,he'll nev] be nobody4 ,is he y\r bro!r8 ask$ ,dick4 ,d y] ?9k ,i'd h him = my bro!r8 ,he's a y\ng/]1 come f nobody don't "k :]e4 ,he 0 fet*+ up 9 my qu>t]s la/ w9t]1 & didn't "k 8 "n nor no?9'2 s we gives him a />t1 u fell]s1 & he's /uck on to me ev] s9ce4 ,!n ,dick ask$ m ab\t 8 new fri5d's life1 & told him a little 8 own1 & a /ory or two t he ?\ght suit$ to 8 und]/&+2 &1 hav+ won ! *ild to believe a little 9 8 good int5tions1 _h ! satisfaction ( see+ him at 8 ease1 & will+ to g to sleep ) ,joe 9 ! corn]4 ,:5 ?is 0 accompli%$1 ,dick put out ! fire & ! light1 & lay d[n on ! floor to sleep s\ndly & well1 until ! joy-bells f ! great city *ur*es %\ld wake 8 gue/s & himself to ! glad tid+s t ,*ri/mas _h come aga94 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,& n[ ,i am sure y are satisfi$ t ,dick 0 on ! "r road1 act+ religion z fa/ z he le>n$ x2 try+ to be all he knew--to live a tru?ful1 g5]\s1 self-respect+ life4 ,he _h little help1 y "k1 &1 if he foll[$ t cr[d t ,i told y ( (t5] ?an be=e1 & he>d mu* t enabl$ him to take :ole books into 8 inn] consci\sness :i* w\ld o!rwise h be5 a dead lett] to him1 he 0 n "o to make a fl\ri% ( trumpets ab\t x1 or to dream ( compla9+ t ! _w w\ld n /& /ill until he got up to x4 ,he _h b "o intimate fri5d1 x is true2 b he 0 a fri5d y & ,i might be glad to w92 a fri5d :o nev] argu$ or lectur$1 b only quietly built 8 life on ! only true f\ndation--! true fai?--& !n left x to %[ = itself4 ,s1 simply tru/+ 9 :atev] 0 good1 yet s fi]ce aga9/ :atev] 0 evil1 scornful ( ev]y?+ wrong & weak1 practis+ z well z believ+1 y may be sure ,c>l ,/affs w\ld nev] h held out 8 hone/ h& to ,dick1 if ,dick 7 n wor?y ( x4 ,& ?is makes me ?9k great ?+s ( my h]o1 ( :om sc>cely anybody ?\ght at all4 ,he _h 8 place 9 ,ames ,h>d5's /ore1 & he _h 8 talks1 too1 n[ ) "o p]son1 n[ ) ano!r1 & p]haps ?\ght ( ?+s he he>d4 ,he 0 only a boy yet1 & _h 8 follies1 )\t d\bt1 fancy+ at times t !re 0 some?+ 9 him1 if circum/ances w\ld only draw x out1 :i* w\ld prove him a great deal wor?i] ( high places ?an ^? n[ occupy+ !m4 ,i am n sure b t1 if he _h _h a c\ntry-home1 he might sometimes h la9 d[n "u ! trees1 &1 :ile wat*+ 9 a dreamy way ! cl\ds sail+ d[n to ! we/1 & ! vigilant />s com+ out to gu>d ! e>? 9 ! sun's abs5ce1 & li/5+ to ! w9d among ! trees1 ! twitt]+ ( "s wakeful bird1 or ! ru/l+ ( "s gr& old riv]1 he might h _h ye>n+s no "o c\ld expla91 & n h felt ! sky too f> to climb or ! riv] too deep to fa?om2 = ,dick's 0 only a boy's he>t1 t _h /ill to le>n t we _c g f ! ,broadway pavem5t to ,tr9ity spire 9 "o /ep4 #ecj ,ev5 9 8 city home1 if home x c\ld be call$1 x may be t1 j aft] he _h be5 to *ur* ) ,c>l1 he _h gl[$ ) ! ?\ght t he--ev5 he--might "s day be a ,loyola or a ,francis ,xavi]1 = ! ?\ghts ( y\? are long1 long ?\ghts4 ,b z yet 8 life consci\sly held b "o romance--"o dream ( e>?4 ,!re 7 few to c>e = him2 b !re 0 a little girl once :o _h made ,*ri/mas memorable to him1 & ,dick _h n =gott5 h]4 ,%e _h gr[n a beautiful "y lady n[1 9 ,dick's eyes1 ?\gh to all o!rs %e 0 m]ely a ?91 d>k s*ool-girl4 ,!y /ill liv$ 9 ! h&some h\se on ,f\rte5? /reet1 & ,c>l ,/(fs & 8 b& play$ = _m a dance !re1 al?\gh ,i am sorry to say t1 ev5 aft] a ,new ,ye>'s p>ty1 ,dick _h to be s5t m ?an once to ,mr4 ,br&on's (fice ) a little bill1 due to ,ames ,h>d51 mo/ly = s*ool-books1 novels1 & gilt annuals4 ,b !n t 0 no fault ( ,m>y's1 y "k4 ,mr4 ,br&on 0 n a pleasant man to g to ) a bill1 or = mu* ( any?+ 9 ! money l9e4 ,! deuce take x1 my de>6 he (t5 said to 8 wife4 ,are y b5t on ru9+ me8 ,don't be silly1 ,*>ley1 love1 ! dauntless little woman w\ld say1 n 9 ! lea/ di/urb$ by ! angry voice & black br[ t 7 s t]rible to ,dick4 ,= p ( our position1 we live v %abbily4 ,hang our position6 ,i tell y1 madam1 we are go+ ! road to begg>y2 we are1 inde$4 ,o ,*>les6 d be quiet1 0 h] ready answ]4 ,i am s sick ( t sort ( /uff4 ,!n be sick ( x1 ?is dreadful man w\ld exclaim2 = ,i'll tell x to y e day & e h\r1 until x gets ?r\gh y\r silly head4 ,money6 money6 money6 ,i nev] he> any?+ else 9 ?is h\se4 ,i've sold myself = x1 body & s\l1 & mu* good x has done me6 ,i'll n give y a p5ny1 madam2 n a p5ny4 ,b t 0 all talk2 =1 ( c\rse1 he _h to give 8 wife1 :o 0 a nice little body1 v sweet & good-temp]$1 b r fond ( ! good ?+s ( ?is _w1 :atev] %e _h set h] he>t ^u hav+4 ,if papa %\ld be "r-- ,m>y w\ld sometimes urge4 ,nons5se6 !y all say ! same ?+2 :y %\ldn't !y8 ,if ,i didn't sp5d y\r fa!r's money 9 mak+ ?+s pleasant at home1 he'd be sp5d+ x on clubs1 or :atev] x is :i* uses up _! money :5 !y h ! sp5d+ ( x all to !mselves4 ,y'll h a husb&1 likely en\gh1 "o ( ^! days1 :o'll scold = e pocket-h&k]*ief y buy2 b y won't m9d x4 ,!y mu/ scold ab\t some?+1 y "k1 de>4 ,o mamma6 ,i'd nev] live a day--if-- ,at :i* s5t5ce1 nev] complet$1 ,mrs4 ,br&on w\ld laugh1 & ! subject w\ld be dropp$ = ! pres5t2 b1 ( c\rse1 aft] su* sc5es1 ,mr4 ,br&on w\ldn't be v amiable to a boy l ,dick ) a bill 9 8 h&4 ,b ,dick to him 0 a m]e ma*9e1 belong+ to a /ore ov] ! way1 & z su* he treat$ him1 ) z little malice 9 8 h>d words z if he 7 swe>+ at a table or *air4 ,to ,dick1 ,mr4 ,br&on 0 ,m>y's fa!r1 & t meant a great deal2 ,dick c\ld nev] talk op5ly to him1 nor /& 9 8 pres5ce q z he did 9 ! pres5ce ( o!r m54 #eca ,=1 ?\gh ,dick _h nev] be5 outside ! city limits1 & _h nev] se5 a hill1 nor a field ( corn1 he 0 a trifle romantic1 ,i am afraid1 aft] all4 ,yes1 x is true t he grew to be almo/ a man )\t hav+ ev] climb$ a hill or se5 a field ( gra94 ,b !re 0 a good "t com+4 ,dick1 said ,c>l ,/(fs1 t true & fai?ful fri5d--,dick1 w\ld y l to g to ! c\ntry8 ,w\ld ,i l to g to ! c\ntry8 he repeat$1 f9d+ no words ( 8 own to say1 s great 0 8 bewild]m5t at su* a "q--,w\ld ,i l to g to ! c\ntry8 ,any "t y're ready1 said ! ,g]man1 seat+ himself4 ,take y\r "t to answ]1 my lad4 ,:at w\ld ,i d 9 ! c\ntry8 ,i 0 nev] !re 9 my life6 ,& y don't look m pleas$ ?an ?\gh ,i'd ask$ y to g to--to--! end ( ! _w4 ,i h (t5 wi%$ to see ! c\ntry1 return$ ,dick1 9 ! tone 9 :i* we might wi% to see ,*9a if we _h no?+ else to d2 b ,i don't see my way to do+ s at pres5t4 ,i d believe1 ,dick1 t y h l9$ ! walls ) gold pieces1 y are s mis]ly ( y\r "t1 & s /uck to ?is old place4 ,come n[1 we %all take y to ! c\ntry1 my wife & ,i4 ,n[1 to ?9k !re %\ld be "o on e>? :o nev] saw ! gre5 fields & ! woods6 ,x is to me a v odd ?+6 ,y are ! bl9d man :o nev] saw ! sun1 & does n ?9k ! sun wor? see+4 ,oh6 no1 inde$2 n s bad z t2 b-- ,!n y %all g4 ,my si/] has a h\se1 ) room = _m1 & we h tak5 half1 keep+ "o room = y4 ,come & take y\r week ) u4 ,b1 ,mr4 ,/(fs1 ,i int5d$ dur+ t week to read s mu* to take long walks ab\t ! city--& ,mrs4 ,/(fs-- ,my wife s5t me2 ,i w\ld n ( myself h su* a bl9d man ) me1 to read1 to /udy1 to walk2 h[ c y 9 ! city n[8 ,y w be wild :5 y h be5 once ) u4 ,y w g to-day ) me--,i w be wait+ = y at my place at five4 ,w y come8 ,inde$-- ,y w come4 ,&1 9 tru?1 ,mr4 ,/(fs _h previ\sly said s mu* ( t wond]ful l& 9 :i* he 0 n[ liv+ t ,dick c\ld n resi/ 8 la/ appeal1 & afraid & %y z he well might be1 hav+ nev] sp5t tw5ty-f\r h\rs 9 a home circle 9 8 life1 he gave 8 promise to be at ! appo9t$ place ( meet+ 9 good "t = ! tra94 ,b :5 ! magnetism ( 8 fri5d's pres5ce 0 tak5 f him1 ,dick's he>t grew heavy 9 8 brea/4 ,if x _h be5 to g to ano!r city1 or on a matt] ( bus9ess1 ,dick's excitem5t w\ld h be5 delightful2 b ! c\ntry1 ( :i* he knew no?+1 & ( :i* he _h su* /range fancies1 pick$ up he c\ld n tell :]e1 t 0 ano!r ?+4 ,city boys always laugh$ at c\ntry p :5 !y came to ! city--!y _h su* que] ways--& yet--& yet--he felt /range & %y ab\t go+ among !m4 ,p]haps he felt t ! tables w\ld be turn$ on him !re1 & t 8 ways w\ld be z que] 9 _! eyes z !irs _h be5 9 82 p]haps he felt ! full =ce ( ! homely old say+ t a cock c cr[ be/ 9 8 own f>m-y>d4 #ecb ,b1 z ! day wore on1 ,dick's spirits rose2 he ?\ght ( all ! /ories he _h read ( fre% c\ntry life2 a poem or two ( c[s & brooks came vaguely among 8 ?\ghts1 & by ! "t he rea*$ 8 little room1 & began to pack 8 n abundant w>drobe1 he 0 eag] = ! fir/ glance at ! c\ntry4 ,!n1 may ! ,"l's bless+ g ) y1 said 8 k9d b v slov5ly l&lady4 ,i hope y'll come back z br[n z a b]ry1 sir4 ,i 0 two ye> 9 ! c\ntry once1 &1 ?\gh ,i won't say ,i'd l x = always1 yet my he>t d get to wi%+ ^! days = a sight o' ! fl[]s & ! fields4 ,y'll m9d ! fruit1 sir1 & ! dews o' night2 !re does be great dews fall9'1 & a deal ( ague1 ,i'm told4 ,good-by to y4 ,& ,dick said good-by to h] ) some?+ l emotion2 = x 0 8 fir/ good-by to any "o1 & ! woman _h be5 good to him1 & if h] hair 0 9 a bl\se1 & h] g>m5ts ill made & n clean1 ,dick 0 n />tl$1 = he _h nev] se5 !m o!rwise4 ,!n he walk$ on to meet ,mr4 ,/(fs1 & f\nd he 0 ne>ly an h\r be=e ! "t4 ,x seem$ z if ! mom5t ( dep>ture w\ld nev] come2 b x did1 at la/1 &1 z 9 a sort ( dream1 ! du/y city y\? 0 :irl$ by cottages ne/l+ among pr\d1 protect+ trees1 pa/ ! gre5 hills1 & ?r\gh fields all ri* ) rip5+ gra91 until ! pant+ tra9 pull$ up betwe5 a pile ( /ones & a little yell[ /ation-h\se1 ) a n>r[ plat=m runn+ beside x4 ,n[1 !n1 "h we are6 said ! ,g]man1 & took up 8 bundles & basket2 = :o ev] saw a ,c>l ,/(fs 9 ! c>s t _h n a bundle & basket1 & a quantity ( h\sehold furniture besides8 ,?is la/ ,dick took 9 *>ge1 & s lad5 ! two made _! way out ( ! c>s4 ,ar\nd ! little yell[ /ation-h\se dodg$ two spl5did bays ) silv] h>ness1 t 7 be+ driv5 rapidly r\nd a corn] close to ! n>r[ plat=m1 & w5t out into ! du/y road2 = sidewalks !re 7 none4 ,soon ! s\nd ( c>riage-:eels made !m turn aside1 & ,dick /umbl$1 z he walk$ = ! fir/ "t on ! s(t gre5 grass4 ,:5 y take a m\nta9 lassie to ,rome & %[ h] ,/4 ,pet]'s1 %e is n en?usia/ic2 inde$1 %e is t]ribly disappo9t$4 ,%e expect$ some?+ s mu* great] ?an h] m\nta9s1 s mu* bright] ?an h] gre5 valleys4 ,if ,dick 0 disappo9t$ :5 he put 8 foot on nature's velvet c>pet & f\nd x only caus$ him to /umble1 ,i _c say4 ,i ?9k he felt surpris$ t a brook beside ! way & f> blue hills be=e him wr\ght no emotion )9 him4 ,=tunately ,c>l ask$ no raptures4 ,t 0 ! ,br&ons' turn\t1 he said 9 a prosaic way1 z ,dick recov]$ 8 foot+1 & return$ to ! road4 ,is t s8 ask$ ,dick4 ,d !y live "h8 ,yes1 said ,c>l1 & a f9e place x is too2 b ,i ?9k ! man's go+ too fa/4 ,!n ,dick 0 ?\ghtful = a m9ute or two1 pity+ ! daught]1 if x 7 s2 b x is h>d to ?9k t a man's family are ne> to want :5 8 /yli% c>riage has j turn$ y out ( ! road1 & ! pity soon seem$ misplac$4 #ecc ,! walk seem$ long to ,dick2 he did1 inde$1 enjoy ! cool breeze1 fre%] & pur] ?an any he _h ev] felt be=e b he _h 8 own baggage & ,c>l's curta9-rods besides1 & he 0 us$ to pavem5ts4 ,!y _h already pass$ _m f9e h\ses1 ) lawns & c>riage-ways1 %ad$ by great trees 9 front ( !m1 & n[ & aga9 a little h\se1 ) fl[]s & clu/]+ v9es1 & gr\ps on ! por*es2 b ,c>l's /eps l+]$ at none4 ,at la/ !y turn$ out ( ! du/y road into a %ad$ lane1 a v]itable lane1 z new to ,dick z ! ,p>is ,b\lev>ds w\ld be to ,mrs4 ,p>t+ton2 two or ?ree m cottages1 small] & n s mu* g>d5-room1 & !n ,c>l said3 ,eh6 b ,i'm glad to get home6 ,come "h1 ,w6 ,come1 boys6 ,! la/ call seem$ to fill ! lane ) *ildr54 ,!y might h come d[n f ! trees1 or up f ! e>?1 = all ,dick c\ld tell2 b at ! s\nd ( ,c>l's voice ! place 0 alive--big boys & little boys1 great girls & small girls1 all r\nd & fat1 br[n-ey$ & yell[-hair$1 ) all mann] ( greet+s1 ga!r$ ar\nd ! travell]s1 eag]ly drew _! baggage f _! h&s1 & ) baskets1 bags1 bundles1 & curta9-rods1 made a gr& triumphal procession be=e !m1 %\t+1 laugh+1 pu%+ aga9/ ea* o!r1 ! big ones /umbl+ ov] ! little ones1 & yet nobody hurt4 ,a few /eps m & a ru/ic gate 0 op5$ & "s "o came & /ood "u ! ar*way ( ev]gre5 bran*es1 int]tw9$ ) "s droop+ v9es4 ,%e 0 fac+ ! ,we/1 look+ d[n ! lane1 %ad+ h] eyes ) h] h&1 al?\gh ! sun 0 almo/ d[n4 ,j = a mom5t %e /ood 9 ! bright sunset gl[1 "u ! gre5 ar*way1 %ad+ h] br[n eyes f ! light1 look+ d[n ! %ad[y lane2 &1 z %e s /ood1 %e seem$ a v fair & graceful girl inde$4 ,an in/ant m & ! *ildr51 9 ! importance ( _! mission z baggage-c>ri]s1 pu%$ pa/ h]1 & %e retreat$ ) !m t[>d ! h\se4 ,come1 ,rose6 ,"h we are6 call$ ,c>l to h]4 ,& %e turn$ & met !m z !y rea*$ ! gate4 ,y are welcome1 %e said to ,dick :5 he 0 introduc$ at ! gate4 ,y are welcome1 said ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 com+ t[>d !m f ! por*4 ,y are welcome1 repeat$ ,mrs4 ,ala9e1 at ! door4 ,& ,dick _h n a ^w ( answ] to any "o ( !m4 ,!y 7 to him z gr& z pr9cesses & z graci\s z que5s1 z !y came =? to receive him & bid him welcome to _! little cottage2 & ,dick 0 n us$ to c\rts or to que5s & pr9cesses1 s he c\ld only b[ & %ake ! h&s s cordially ext5d$ to him4 ,i am afraid my h]o 0 n at all happy = ! fir/ few m9utes t he sat on ! /oop betwe5 ,mrs4 ,/(fs & ,mrs4 ,ala9e1 n kn[+ :at answ] to make to ev5 _! simple/ rem>k1 & t he 0 mu* reliev$ :5 !y jo9$ _! voices to ! hubbub ! *ildr5 7 mak+ ar\nd ,c>l4 ,su* %yness z ,dick's is v pa9ful to ! spectators1 z well z to ! emb>rass$ "o2 b1 !n1 !re's ?is to be said ab\t x1 :5 x is once entirely conqu]$ x nev] c come back aga91 & ,i fancy !re are "s v nice p 9 ! _w1 n[ v self-possess$ & p]fectly well-br$1 :o w\ld give mu* to feel aga9 ! awkw>dness & emb>rassm5t :i*1 once ^u a "t1 caus$ !m su* ke5 annoyance4 #ecd ,! wom5 piti$ ,dick1 b lik$ him none ! less = ! color t w\ld come into 8 face & ! hesitation ( 8 replies2 b _! feel+ = ! /rang] 0 great] ?an any pleasure to !mselves1 & s x 0 n long be=e !y w5t into ! h\se ) ! decl>$ int5tion ( gett+ tea4 ,b go+ into ! h\se 0 n go+ away altoge!r1 = ! room :i* s]v$ = p>lor1 libr>y1 sitt+-room1 d9+-room1 & all1 _h a l[ w9d[ op5+ on ! /oop1 & ,c>l & ,dick c\ld see !m well1 & speak1 if !y *ose1 )\t rais+ _! voices1 z !y w5t-back & =? f ! table to ! closet1 & f ! closet to ! table1 n to m5tion innum]able visits to ,c>l's basket1 :i* seem$ a pantry 9 itself4 ,! *ildr5 ran 9 & out1 & "o jolly little "o1 call$ ,trot1 :o 0 z r\nd z a dumpl+1 & 0 too "y to be %y = v long1 in=m$ ,dick %e 0 glad he _h come1 = !y 7 to h sweet-cakes = tea4 ,occasionally ,rose w\ld come & /& at ! w9d[ & say some?+ to tease ,uncle ,c>l1 :o 0 n sl[ to give h] z good z he got4 ,?us gradually ,dick became m at ease1 & began to di/+ui% a diff]5ce 9 ! tones ( ! *ildr5's voices1 & to take note ( ! /range ,sunday-l /illness :i*1 except = ! m]ry noises 9 ! h\se1 0 complete1 &1 to him1 wond]ful4 ,i ?9k a tea-table is "o ( ! nice/ sights 9 ! _w4 ,if !re is a gra9 ( poetry 9 a woman1 & ,i believe t !re is no woman )\t a gra9 ( poetry 9 h]1 x w surely1 m>k my words1 h[ev] r\gh & prosaic %e may be1 come out ab\t tea-"t4 ,t 0 a v pretty tea-table at :i* ,dick took 8 place t ev5+2 !re 0 no silv] nor ,*9a1 & !re 01 p]haps1 too great an abundance ( good ?+s2 b x />tl$ ,dick1 & ,i cont5d t x 0 nice & pretty1 if only = ! reason t x _h a clean table-clo?1 a bun* ( fl[]s1 & e di% 9 its prop] place4 ,mrs4 ,ala9e1 :o 0 only a fem99e edition ( h] bro!r ,c>l1 sat at ! head ( ! table1 9 a clean calico dress1 ) a :ite coll> & a blue ribbon4 ,%e _h a *ild on ea* side ( h]1 ^: glee1 at ! prospect ( sweet-cakes & pea*es 7out ( ,c>l's basket7 aft] !y _h eat5 _! bread & butt]1 %e tri$ to mod]ate ) a smil+1 ,hu%1 *ildr56 ,:at w ,mr4 ,h]emore ?9k ( y8 ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 :o _h also a r\nd flat face1 & 0 dress$ 9 a clean calico1 ) :ite coll> & a knot ( p9k ribbons1 ,dick _h se5 _m times be=e1 & de>ly lov$ ! good humor t bubbl$ all ov] h] face :5ev] %e spoke4 ,%e also _h a *ild on ea* side ( h]1 ^: audible :isp]s ab\t ! good ?+s com+ %e answ]$ & my/]i\sly increas$ by promises ( ! same aga9 ano!r day4 ,b opposite ,dick 0 a face t 0 n r\nd nor especially good-humor$2 = ! two *ildr5 "u *>ge ( ,rose 7 ! lea/ repressible ( ! :ole flock1 & !y tri$ h] sl5d] /ock ( pati5ce sorely2 especially1 z %e said aft]w>d to h] "m1 ) _m blu%es & half cry+ at ! recollection1 z !y w\ld say su* ?+s "r be=e ! /range g5tleman6 ,rose _h a pretty blue musl91 ) a t9y bit ( lace ar\nd ! neck1 = h] raim5t1 & !re 0 a some?+ r$1 gre51 br[n1 blue1 p9k1 or yell[1 t flutt]$ "h & !re be=e ,dick's eyes :5ev] %e mov$ to help ! *ildr51 or turn$ h] "y face1 ) its flitt+ colors1 t[>d him4 #ece ,b :e!r x 7 a ribbon1 or a blu%1 or ! hue ( h] hair1 or an aureole ar\nd h] head1 & :e!r x 7 no color at all1 or all colors toge!r1 or a ra9b[ out ( ! cl\ds1 ,i d n ?9k ,dick _h1 = "o mom5t1 a def9ite idea--at lea/1 :ile x 0 flitt+ be=e 8 eyes4 ,aft] tea1 ,c>l took out 8 pipe1 & settl$ into 8 big *air on ! por*2 & ! *ildr51 hav+ got some:at ov] _! awe ( ! /rang]1 volunte]$ to take him d[n ! lane1 & %[ him :]e !re _h be5 a rob9's ne/ la/ spr+1 an exp$ition1 h[ev]1 t 0 veto$ by ,c>l on ! gr\nd t y c\ldn't see ev5 a rob9's ne/ 9 ! d>k4 ,!n ,rose came out to tease ,uncle ,c>l aga92 b1 =gett+ h] purpose1 /ood :]e ! light f )9 seem$ to set h] 9 glory1 l ! angels 9 pictures2 & by & by1 x came ab\t1 no "o knew h[1 t h] %r9e 0 vacant1 & %e1 a v nice little girl ) h] h&s 9 ! pockets--v impracticable pockets !y 7--( h] musl9 apron1 0 tell+ ,dick1 ) ! *ildr5 z prompt]s & comm5tators1 ! full p>ticul>s ( ! f9d+ ( ! rob9's ne/1 & :at "w %e _h _h to keep ! *ildr5 f br++ sorr[ & dismay to ! he>ts ( ! p>5t rob9s by /eal+ away _! little ones4 ,!n1 z ! moon rose1 !re 0 no reason :y ! *ildr5 %\ld n take ,dick d[n ! lane to %[ to him ! tree :]e ! ne/ _h be52 & !n x 0 ne$ful t he %\ld "k j h[ f> x 0 f si/] ,rose's w9d[1 & yet h[ quickly1 on he>+ ! %\ts ( rejoic+1 %e _h come to ,mrs4 ,rob9's assi/ance4 ,!n x 0 s funny to see a man :o _h nev] climb$ a tree1 t x 0 ne$ful two or ?ree %\ld g up "o to %[ h[ x is done4 ,!n1 too1 !re 7 lightn+-bugs by ! million ar\nd !m1 & z ,dick _h nev] se5 any?+ l !m1 unless x 0 fire-crack]s on ,f\r? ( ,july night1 !y _h to cat* sev]al = 8 inve/igation4 ,:5 ,rose told h[ ^? little ?+s are really ! p ( ! =e/1 :o are s timid !y d n d>e to come out 9 ! daytime1 b d all _! pray+ by night1 & h always be5 good fri5ds to *ildr51 %[+ !m _! way home :5 lo/1 & driv+ away ! gho/s t w\ld fright5 ! w&]]s1 !n ! *ildr5 op5$ _! br[n h&s & let !m fly away1 promis+ nev] to make prison]s ( !m aga94 ,& s1 ?\gh ,dick /ill felt /range & %y1 x 0 n 9 su* an unpleasant way z :5 he sat on ! por* try+ to answ] ,mrs4 ,ala9e & ,mrs4 ,/(fs :5 !y spoke to him4 ,:51 at la/1 he clos$ 8 eyes t night1 he 0 half ready to admit t ! c\ntry might almo/ be ! en*ant$ l& "s p _h made x out to be4 ---------- #ecf ,lett] ,apo/olic ,( ,our ,holy ,fa!r ,! ,pope ,pius ,,ix4 ,to ,all ,prote/ants ,& ,o!r ,non-ca?olics4 ,to ,all ,prote/ants ,& ,o!r ,non-,ca?olics1 ,pius ,,ix41 ,pope3 ,y already "k t ,we1 hav+ be5 elevat$1 not)/&+ our unwor?9ess1 to ?is ,*air ( ,pet]1 & !re=e inve/$ ) ! supreme gov]nm5t & gu>dian%ip ( ! :ole ,ca?olic ,*ur* by ,*ri/ our ,"l1 h judg$ x reasonable to summon to ,u ,our ,v5]able ,bre?r5 ! ,bi%ops ( ! :ole e>?1 & to unite !m toge!r1 to celebrate1 next ye>1 an ,o,ecumenical ,c\ncil2 s t 9 conc]t ) ^! our ,v5]able bre?r5 :o are call$ to %>e 9 our c>es1 we may take ^? /eps :i* seem mo/ opportune & necess>y1 to disp]se ! d>kness ( ! num]\s pe/il5tial errors :i* ev]y:]e rage to ! increas+ ov]?r[ & ! intoxication ( _m s\ls2 & also to confirm & increase daily m & m among ! ,*ri/ian p entru/$ to our wat*fulness ! dom9ion ( true ,fai?1 ,ju/ice1 & ! ,peace ( ,god4 ,confid5tly rely+ on ! close ties & mo/ lov+ union :i* 9 s m>k$ a way unite to ,ourselves & to ?is ,holy ,see ^! our ,v5]able ,bre?r51 :o1 ?r\gh all ! "t ( our ,supreme ,pontificate1 h nev] fail$ to give to ,ourselves & ?is ,holy ,see ! cle>e/ tok5s ( _! love & v5]ation2 ,we h ! firm hope t ?is ,o,ecumenical ,c\ncil1 summon$ by ,u at ?is "t1 w produce1 by ! inspirations ( ,div9e ,grace1 z o!r ,g5]al ,c\ncils 9 pa/ ages h done1 abundant fruits ( b5$iction1 to ! great] glory ( ,god1 & ! et]nal salvation ( m54 ,su/a9$ by ?is hope1 & r\s$ & urg$ by ! love ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o gave 8 life = ! :ole human race1 ,we _c re/ra9 ,ourselves1 on ! occasion ( ! future ,c\ncil1 f address+ our ,apo/olic & pat]nal words to all ^? :o1 :il/ !y ackn[l$ge ! same ,jesus ,*ri/ z ! ,r$eem]1 & glory 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/ian1 yet d n pr(ess ! true fai? ( ,*ri/ or hold to & foll[ ! ,communion ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,& we d ?is to w>n1 & conjure1 & besee* !m ) all ! w>m? ( our zeal & 9 all *>ity1 t !y may consid] & s]i\sly exam9e :e!r !y foll[ ! pa? m>k$ out = !m by ,jesus ,*ri/ our ,"l1 & :i* leads to ,et]nal ,salvation4 ,no "o c d5y or d\bt t ,jesus ,*ri/ himself1 9 ord] to apply ! fruits ( 8 r$emption to all g5]ations ( m51 built 8 only *ur* 9 ?is _w on ,pet]2 t is to say1 ! ,*ur*1 ,"o1 ,holy1 ,ca?olic1 & ,apo/olic2 & t he gave him all ! p[] necess>y to pres]ve ! deposit ( ,fai? :ole & inviolable1 & to tea* ! same ,fai? to all k9dr$s1 & peoples1 & nations2 s t all m5 :o ?r\gh baptism become memb]s ( 8 my/ical body1 & ( t new life ( grace1 )\t :i* no "o c ev] atta9 to life et]nal1 may always be pres]v$ & p]fect$ 9 !m2 & ?is *ur*1 :i* is 8 my/ical ,body1 may always 9 its own nature rema9 firm & immovable to ! consummation ( ages1 t x may fl\ri%1 & supply to all its *ildr5 all ! means ( ,salvation4 ,n[1 :oev] w c>efully exam9e & reflect ^u ! condition ( ! v>i\s religi\s societies divid$ among !mselves1 & sep>at$ f ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 :i* f ! days ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ & 8 ,apo/les has ev] ex]cis$1 by its lawful pa/ors1 & /ill does ex]cise1 ! div9e p[] committ$ to x by ?is same ,"l2 w easily satisfy himself t none ( ^! societies1 s+ly nor all toge!r1 are 9 any way or =m t "o ,ca?olic ,*ur* :i* our ,"l f\nd$ & built1 & :i* he *ose %\ld be2 & t he _c1 by any means1 say t ^! societies are memb]s or p>ts ( t ,*ur*1 s9ce !y are visibly sep>at$ f ca?olic unity4 #ecg ,= su* l societies1 be+ de/itute ( t liv+ au?ority e/abli%$ by ,god1 :i* especially tea*es m5 :at is ( ,fai?1 :at ! rule ( morals1 & guides !m 9 ev]y?+ t relates to et]nal life1 are always v>y+ 9 _! doctr9es1 & ?is *ang+ & in/ability is increas+4 ,e "o !re=e mu/ p]fectly und]/&1 & cle>ly & evid5tly see1 t su* societies are di/9ctly opposite to ! *ur* in/itut$ by our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/2 = 9 t *ur* tru? mu/ always cont9ue firm & inaccessible to *ange1 s z to pres]ve absolutely inviolate ! deposit confid$ to h]1 = ! gu>dian%ip ( :i* ! pres5ce & aid ( ! ,holy ,gho/ has be51 promis$ to h] = ev]4 ,e "o also kn[s t f ^! div]g5t doctr9es & op9ions1 social s*isms h _h _! bir?1 :i* h aga9 g5]at$ )9 !mselves sects & communions )\t numb]1 :i* spread !mselves cont9ually to ! great injury ( ,*ri/ian & civil society4 ,inde$1 :oev] obs]ves t religion is ! f\ndation ( human society1 mu/ p]ceive & confess ! great influ5ce :i* ?is division ( pr9ciples1 ?is opposition1 ?is /rife ( religi\s societies among !mselves1 mu/ h on civil society1 & ) :at =ce ?is d5ial ( ! au?ority e/abli%$ by ,god1 to det]m9e ! belief ( ! human m9d1 & direct ! actions ( m5 z well 9 private z 9 social life1 has fo/]$1 spread1 & support$ ^? deplorable *anges ( times & circum/ances1 ^? tr\bles :i* at ?is day ov]:elm & afflict almo/ all peoples4 ,let all ^?1 !n1 :o d n pr(ess ! unity & tru? ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 avail !mselves ( ! opportunity ( ?is ,c\ncil1 9 :i* ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 to :i* _! =efa!rs belong$1 af=ds a new pro( ( h] close unity & h] inv9cible vitality1 & let !m satisfy ! long+s ( _! he>ts1 & lib]ate !mselves f t /ate 9 :i* !y _c be assur$ ( _! own salvation4 ,let !m unceas+ly (f] f]v5t pray]s to ! ,god ( ,m]cy1 t he w ?r[ d[n ! wall ( sep>ation1 t he w scatt] ! d>kness ( error1 & t he w lead !m back to ! ,holy ,"m ,*ur*1 9 ^: bosom _! fa!rs f\nd ! salut>y pa/ures ( life1 9 :om alone ! :ole doctr9e ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is pres]v$ & h&$ d[n1 & ! my/]ies ( heav5ly grace disp5s$4 ,= ,ourself1 to :om ! same ,*ri/ our ,"l has entru/$ ! *>ge ( ! supreme ,apo/olic m9i/ry1 & :o mu/1 !re=e1 fulfil ) ! greate/ zeal all ! functions ( a good ,pa/or1 & love ) a pat]nal love1 & embrace 9 our *>ity all m51 :]ev] disp]s$ ov] ! e>?1 ,we address ?is lett] to all ,*ri/ians sep>at$ f ,u1 & ,we aga9 exhort & conjure !m quickly to return to ! "o fold ( ,*ri/4 ,= ,we ard5tly desire _! salvation 9 ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ,we fe> to h "o day to r5d] acc\nt to him :o is our ,judge1 if ,we d n %[ !m1 & if we d n give !m1 z f> z is 9 our p[]1 ! sure means to "k ! way :i* leads to et]nal salvation4 ,9 all our pray]s1 besee*+ & giv+ ?anks1 we cease n1 day or night1 to ask e>ne/ly & humbly = !m1 ( ! ,et]nal ,pa/or ( s\ls1 ! abundance ( light & heav5ly grace4 ,& s9ce1 not)/&+ our unwor?9ess1 ,we are 8 ,vic> ^u ,e>?1 ) out/ret*$ h&s ,we wait1 9 ! mo/ ard5t desire1 ! return ( our err+ sons to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 s t ,we may receive !m ) love into ! mansion ( our ,heav5ly ,fa!r1 & enri* !m ) 8 unspeakable treasures4 ,on ?is long$-= return to ! tru? & unity ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* dep5ds n only ! salvation ( individuals1 b /ill m ,*ri/ian society2 ! :ole _w _c enjoy true peace unless x becomes "o ,fold "u "o ,%eph]d4 ,giv5 at ,/4 ,pet]'s1 9 ,rome1 ! #ac? day ( ,septemb]1 #ahfh1 & ! tw5ty-?ird ye> ( our ,pontificate4 ,! rem>ks :i* foll[ are extract$ f ,! ,london ,saturday ,review3 ,! ,pope ,& ,! ,g5]al ,c\ncil4 ,we read ! ,pope's ,address to all ,prote/ants & non-,ca?olics at "s disadvantage4 ,x rea*es u only ?r\gh a ,fr5* v]sion1 furni%$ to ! ,moniteur1 & publi%$ 9 t j\rnal ( ,monday4 ,& we may1 9 ! fir/ place1 compla9 to ,8 ,hol9ess ( ! slov5ly & p>simoni\s way 9 :i* he dis*>ges ! function s de> to him4 ,he expatiates on 8 zeal = all ,*ri/ian s\ls1 & he is assur$ t he %all h to give acc\nt = u all at ! ,great ,day4 ,he1 ! ,good ,%eph]d--su* is 8 title1 & we ought p]haps to write x1 ,81 entru/$ to him by ,*ri/ ,himself our ,"l--is b\nd by ! *>ge ( 8 ,supreme ,apo/olic ,m9i/ry to embrace 9 8 pat]nal *>ity all m5 9 ! :ole _w1 & !re=e he addresses ?is lett] to all ,*ri/ians sep>at$ f him4 ,s l(ty a purpose might h ju/ifi$ "s c>e 9 c>ry+ x out4 ,b :at has ,8 ,hol9ess done t 8 epi/le %\ld rea* 8 err+ p8 ,does he expect t ! :ole human race is b\nd to read ! ,gov]nm5t j\rnal ( ,rome8 ,is 8 consci5ce satisfi$ t 8 trem5d\s responsibility is fulfill$ by ! *eap & easy me?od ( publi%+ 8 behe/s 9 an obscure newspap]1 & leav+ to ^? mo/ conc]n$ to f9d out1 z !y c1 :at s ne>ly conc]ns _! et]nal salvation1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( unau?oriz$ v]sions & newspap] reports8 #ech ,?is is ! difficulty ( a ,vic> ( ,*ri/ :o has heav5ly functions to dis*>ge1 & only human means to "w )4 ,z x is q c]ta91 z ?+s /&1 t ! awful words :i* conc]n ! immortal de/9ies ( e human be+ :o names ! "n ( ,*ri/ w n rea* "o 9 a hundr$ ?\s& ( !m1 x seems to foll[ t if ! ,pope has ^! duties t[>d all mank9d1 he ought to h be5 entru/$ ) an ar*angelic trumpet to address himself to s v l>ge an audi5ce4 ,x is a sad come-d[n f ! appeal urbi et orbi to h to hoi/ x up 9 a p5ny ,dubl9 pap]4 ,:o kn[s h[ _m ! ,pope w\ld n influ5ce if he w\ld be at ! tr\ble ( address+ u by "s su* mundane in/rum5tality z ! p5ny po/8 ,! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1 = example2 has he1 z c\rtesy w\ld seem to require1 receiv$ 9 any au?oritative way ?is communication f ,rome1 or heav51 or :]ev] x 0 indit$8 ,we say x ) all respect1 t ! ,pope's address 0 calculat$ n s mu* to attract z to repel4 ,he does n condesc5d to argue2 al?\gh he assures u t we are envelop$ 9 a cl\d ( error1 he is at no pa9s to dissipate x2 ) a bold petitio pr9citii he sonor\sly assumes ! v po9t at issue--! po9t1 be x add$1 at issue n only betwe5 him & 8 bi%ops on ! "o h&1 & ! impos+ ranks ( ! va/ ori5tal *ur*1 our own *ur*1 & ! va/ ,prote/ant communities ( ,europe & ,am]ica1 on ! o!r1 b ! po9t :i* has be5 mo/ ke5ly debat$ by ! !ologians & canoni/s ( ! we/]n ob$i5ce4 ,! ,pope's address re/s ^u "o1 & ^u only "o1 huge assumption4 ,x is t ! ,pope1 9 8 s+le capacity z mon>* & autocrat ( ! *ur*1 advanc$ to ! supreme gov]nm5t ( ! :ole ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 has ! inh]5t "r ( prescrib+ ! fai? ( ! *ur*2 t he is ! "o & supreme legislator z well z adm9i/rator4 ,?is is :at ev5 ! *ur* ( ,rome has n yet =mally decre$1 ev5 by ! easy me?od :i* a few ye>s ago decre$ ! ,immaculate ,conception4 ,ultra-montanism--or1 9 o!r words1 & to express x g5]ally1 ! p]sonal infallibility & supreme au?ority ( ! pope--is n yet de fide4 ,b ?is is :at ! ,pope assumes2 & x is mo/ likely z a /ep t[>d :at x is und]/ood w be ! next ,roman developm5t ( doctr9e1 & probably ! end aim$ at 9 summon+ ?is s-call$ oecum5ical c\ncil t ! ,pope1 9 8 lett]1 takes up ! position ( autocrat4 ,he addresses u1 b x is only to assi/ 8 next move z reg>ds 8 own subjects1 & to help to settle ! vex$ "q :i* 8 pr$ecessors h f\nd to be s inconv5i5t :5 d5i$ by ,bossuet1 ,de ,m>ca1 ,van ,esp51 & ! ,doctors ( ! ,sorbonne1 to say no?+ ( ! ,c\ncils ( ,con/ance & ,basle4 ,9 ! mean "t let u see :at x is ! ,pope 9 8 exub]ant *>ity (f]s u4 ,x is1 we regret to say1 extremely little4 ,he bids u /ay at home & pray to be unit$2 at lea/ we hope t he goes z f> z ?is4 ,b z he _c c\nt mu* ^u ! efficacy ( ! pray]s ( ob/9ate h]etics1 x w\ld be p]haps ne>] to ! tru? if we said t all t ! ,pope has to say is to invite u to return to 8 fold4 ,! ,vatican ,eir5icon is ( ! simple/--no conditions1 no explanations1 no discussion ( difficulties1 no heal+ ( w\nds1 no solemn canvass+ ( controv]sies1 no argum5ts4 ,return fir/1 & discuss aft]w>d1 :5 !re is no?+ to discuss4 ,might we v5ture to h9t to ,ar*bi%op ,mann+ :o is polite en\gh to consid] ! pres5t attitude ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& t[>d ,pius ,,ix4 z exactly simil> to ! /ate ( ?+s z betwe5 ,gregory ,i4 & ! ,pagans & ,go?s & ,arians ( 8 "t--t ev5 ,arius got a he>+1 & 0 all[$ 8 say8 ,n s ) u4 ,!re is a controv]sy betwe5 ,rome & ^? :om ,rome calls non-,ca?olics1 z to !1 n primacy1 b exclusive autocracy ( ! ,see ( ,rome4 ,!re is only "o way ( decid+ x--rix e/ ubi tu pulsas1 ego vapulo tantum4 ,all t we h to d is to be kick$1 & submit4 ,?is is good s*oolma/]'s language2 b1 z f> z we rememb]1 x is n ! old way ( deal+ ) ev5 h]esy & s*ism4 ,! huge s]ies ( c\ncils might h be5 r$uc$ to a s+le & v portable volume1 _h ?is mode ( settl+ controv]sy be5 ! *ur*'s old & comp5di\s me?od4 ,"o misund]/&+1 or misrepres5tation1 x seems to be well at once to remove4 ,! ,we/m9/] ,gazette--writ+1 we hope1 )\t hav+ read ! ,pope's address speaks ( x z an invitation to ^? to :om x is address$ to repair to ! ,o,ecumenical ,c\ncil ( #ahfi1 add+ t ! *ur* w ev] be ready to (f] explanations1 & to labor to remove ob/acles to reunion4 ,?is is j :at ! ,pope does n d4 ,he does n invite non-,ca?olics1 ei!r 9 any corporate or private capacity1 to repair to ,rome4 ,he simply says t he w pray = !m1 & bids !m be reconcil$4 #eci ,invitation !re is none2 (f]s ( explanation !re are none4 ,we are s]i\sly to lay to he>t our condition1 & give x up4 ,we are invit$ to con=m1 & no?+ else4 ,to ! c\ncil nei!r our bi%ops nor pa/ors are ask$4 ,& ?is is ! m noticeable because ! ,ori5tals are invit$4 ,we raise our voice once m to y1 & ) all ! p[] ( our s\l we pray y1 we conjure y to come to ?is ,c\ncil1 z y\r ance/ors came to ! ,c\ncil ( ,lyons & to ! ,c\ncil ( ,flor5ce4 ,su* is ,8 ,hol9ess's language to ! ,ori5tal bi%ops1 z we f9d x 9 8 ,apo/olic lett] ( ,septemb] #h?1 translat$ 9 ! ,we/m9/] ,gazette4 ,?is ,flor5t9e prec$5t w h>dily be reassur+ to ! ,ori5tals2 & ?\gh1 aft] all1 ! summons to !m is sub/antially only :at ! summons to u is1 z ! ,pope 9 ei!r case takes up ! same position--t ( ! exclusive supremacy ( ! ,see ( ,pet]1 & d5ies t ! ,ea/]n bi%ops are really bi%ops till !y h submitt$ to him--yet we mu/ rem9d n only ! ,we/m9/] ,gazette b ! ,univ]s1 t _! /atem5t t ! ,pope has issu$ any?+ l an invitation to att5d ! c\ncil1 or r 8 c\ncil1 to all ^? ^: sep>ation dates f ! sixte5? c5tury1 is simply untrue4 ,ev5 if we _h be5 ask$1 & ev5 7 x ann\nc$ t we %\ld h ample lib]ty to /ate our case1 we say1 z ,laud said m ?an two c5turies ago1 ,to :at end fre$om ( spee*1 s9ce !y are resolv$ to alt] no?+8 ,! foll[+ report ( ! action ( ! ,new ,s*ool ,presbyt]ian ,synod ( ,new ,york & ,new ,j]sey we clip f ! columns ( "o ( ! daily pap]s3 ,! ,presbyt]ians ,& ,! ,pope4 ,! foll[+ memorial & resolutions 7 pres5t$ by ,rev4 ,dr4 ,adams3 ,:]eas1 ,! ,pope ( ,rome1 call$ ,pius ! ,n9?1 did1 on ! #ac? day ( ,septemb]1 9 ! ye> ( our ,"l #ahfh1 issue a c]ta9 lett]1 a proclamation address$ to all ,prote/ants & non-,ca?olics ?r\gh\t ! _w1 ! import ( :i* is to unite & urge all p]sons & organizations ?us designat$ to ha/5 to return to ! only fold1 mean+ ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,:]eas1 ,! said ,pope 9 ! said lett]1 call$ pat]nal & apo/olic1 has 9 an unwont$ mann]1 z if plead+ at ! b> ( public op9ion1 assign$ sev]al & v>i\s reasons = its prep>ation & publication4 ,:]eas1 ,among ! reasons s m5tion$ are ! ass]tion ( 8 own supremacy ov] ! human consci5ce z ! vic> ( ,jesus1 & ! au?ority to gov]n ! p]suasions ( ! human intellect & to direct ! actions ( m5 9 private & social life1 z also ?is1 t ! rejection ( ?is au?ority & prote/ aga9/ x by s _m has promot$ & n\ri%$ ^? p]turbations 9 human affairs1 9 ?is our day1 :i* ! said ,pope pron\nces mis]able & griev\s1 b :i* mu/ be reg>d$ by e fri5d ( 8 species z em95tly hopeful & auspici\s4 ,:]eas1 ,all su* claims & ass]tions on ! "p ( ! ,pope ( ,rome are to ! la/ degree unf\nd$ 9 fact1 contr>y to ! tru?1 reason1 ,scripture1 & ! :ole g5ius ( ,*ri/ianity1 &1 if all[$1 w\ld prove subv]sive to all human rights & lib]ties4 ,:]eas1 ,rec5t movem5ts1 especially 9 ,au/ria & ,spa91 nations long 9 subjection to ! mon/r\s pret5sions ( ! ,papacy1 comm& ! prompt recognition1 sympa?y1 & support ( all fri5ds ( humanity1 fre$om1 & religion ?r\gh\t ! l&2 !re=e1 be x ,resolv$1 ,t ! facts "h record$ furni% & pres5t a prop] & fitt+ occasion = all ,prote/ant *ur*es ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom1 ea* 9 ! mode :i* its own wisdom %all sugge/1 to prep>e & set =? = g5]al di/ribution1 ?r\gh ! same *annels :i* ! ,pope himself has *os51 a suitable response to 8 lett]1 :i* response %all conta9 a /atem5t ( ! reasons :y 8 claims c 9 no wise be recogniz$1 z inconsi/5t ) a ca?olicity m ca?olic ?an ,rome ! au?ority ( infallible ,scripture & ! glori\s supremacy ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,resolv$1 ,t a committee be appo9t$ by ! ,synod1 ^: duty x %all be to consid] ! exp$i5cy ( correspond+ ) o!r ,prote/ant bodies 9 ?is c\ntry & 9 ,europe z to ! propriety ( su* timely action = ! fur!rance ( free ,biblical ,prote/ant ,*ri/ianity4 ,resolv$1 ,t x be ref]r$ to ! same committee1 if !y deem x wise1 to prep>e & publi% a reply to ! said lett] ( ! ,pope1 :i* %all be reg>d$ z an expression ( ! s5tim5ts ( ?is ,synod conc]n+ ! matt]s !re9 conta9$ z ( vital importance to all civil & religi\s lib]ty ?r\gh\t ! _w1 & to ! salvation ( ! human race4 #edj ,x 0 sugge/$ t a committee consi/+ ( ?ree m9i/]s & ?ree eld]s1 be appo9t$ to c>ry out ! objects ( ! resolutions4 ,dr4 ,cox want$ to see ! committee l>g]4 ,x 0 an important subject1 & we want names on ! docum5t :i* w enc\rage our bro!rs 9 ,engl& & 9 all p>ts ( ,europe4 ,! foll[+ committee 0 appo9t$ to take ! :ole subject into consid]ation3 ,rev4 ,william ,adams1 ,d4,d41 ,rev4 ,h5ry ,b4 ,smi?1 ,d4,d41 ,rev4 ,roswell ,d4 ,hit*cock1 ,d4,d41 ,rev4 ,jona?an ,f4 ,/e>ns1 ,d4,d41 ,rev4 ,edw9 ,f4 ,hatfield1 ,d4,d41 ,rev4 ,samuel ,t4 ,spe>1 ,d4,d41 ,rev4 ,george ,l4 ,pr5tiss1 ,d4,d41 ,hon4 ,william ,e4 ,dodge1 ,pr(essor ,!odore ,w4 ,dwight1 ,,ll4,d41 ,hon4 ,daniel ,ha9es1 ,hon4 ,edw>d ,a4 ,lamb]t1 ,j4 ,b4 ,p9neo1 ,esq41 ,s4 ,f4 ,b4 ,morse1 ,esq41 ,cyrus ,w4 ,field1 ,esq4 ,we subjo9 ano!r report ( ! action ( ! c5tral au?ority ( ! ,evangelical ,*ur* ( ,prussia1 f ,! ,new ,york ,h]ald3 ,! ,b]l9 ,evangelical ,consi/ory ,on ,! ,pontifical ,lett]4 ,! pa/oral lett] 9 connection ) 8 oecum5ical circul> address$ by ,pope ,pius ,,ix4 to non-,ca?olic ,*ri/ians has r\s$ ,prussian evangelic *ur* au?ority4 ,! foll[+ circul> has be5 address$ to its consi/ories3 ,an op5 lett] ( ! #ac? ult41 by ! *ief ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 is direct$ to all ,prote/ants1 ?us includ+ ! memb]s ( our ,evangelical ,/ate ,*ur*4 ,z ?is docum5t conta9s1 besides unju/ accusations1 _m expressions ( respect & k9dness t[>d ,prote/ants1 we are ready & will+ to consid] x z a pl$ge ( fri5dly & peaceable relations = ! future betwe5 bo? confessions = ! sake ( ! /ate & its citiz5s1 & = ! effici5cy & triumph ( ,*ri/ian tru?4 ,e s9c]e evangelic ,*ri/ian ackn[l$ges ! duty ( lov+ o!r confessions & deplores ! sep>ation 9 ! *ur*1 especially among memb]s ( a common c\ntry4 ,b z ! *ief ( ano!r *ur* und]takes 9 ! said lett] to dem&1 ) assum$ au?ority1 f ! memb]s ( ours a r5unciation ( _! *]i%$ cre$1 f\nd$ ^u ! inviolable ^w ( ,god1 & a retractation ( evangelical tru? won by ! bless$ ,re=mation1 )\t (f]+ on 8 "p ! lea/ prospect ( a reconciliation on ! basis ( evangelical tru?1 we mu/ decid$ly reject 8 action z an unju/ifiable trespass ^u our *ur*1 & 9 s do+ we are sure ( ! agreem5t ( all ,evangelicals4 ,an appeal to ! memb]s ( our *ur* n to he$ ?is voice may be deem$ unnecess>y2 b x is prop] to keep /ill m 9 m9d1 oppos$ to su* pret5sions1 ! num]\s memb]s ( our p]suasions :o 9 ! mid/ ( ,roman ,ca?olicism are expos$ to ! temptations ( infidelity t[>d ! ,evangelical cre$2 !re=e1 to procure ! means = prea*+ to !m1 giv+ !m ! sacram5ts1 ! ,evangelical s*ool & pa/oral c>e1 collections are direct$ soon to be made 9 all our *ur*es4 ,! royal consi/ories w communicate ?is to ! m9i/]s ( ! dioceses1 :o on ! days ( collection on ! foll[+ ,sundays are to make prop] m5tion ( x to _! congregations4 ,!re 0 also an ann\ncem5t 9 ! pap]s t "s sort ( a lett] to ! ,pope 0 propos$ by memb]s ( ! late ,g5]al ,conv5tion ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 al?\gh we d n "k :at came ( ! affair ev5tually4 ,we mu/ give ju/ice to "o portion ( ! comm5ts ( ! ,saturday ,review1 namely1 t :i* ref]s to ! publication ( ! pontifical lett]4 ,x is a matt] ( great inconv5i5ce to ,ca?olics ?r\gh\t ! _w1 t ! publication ( important (ficial docum5ts at ,rome is s t>dy & insuffici5t4 ,?is is a defect :i* ought to be1 & we hope w be1 rem$i$4 ,we h n yet se5 ! ,lat9 text ( ! lett] address$ by ! ,sov]eign ,pontiff to ,prote/ants1 & h be5 oblig$ to take a translation ( x :i* is n rem>kably well-execut$1 & 9 :i* we h correct$ =ty-sev5 typographical errors1 f an ,engli% ,ca?olic newspap]4 ,! ,engli% translations ( ! gr& & dignifi$ pontifical docum5ts :i* are s5t =? by ! ,holy ,see1 are g5]ally wret*$1 & make !m appe> to read]s :o are unacqua9t$ ) ! orig9als 9 a v unfavorable light4 #eda ,x seems to u t x w\ld h add$ v mu* to ! effect ( ! ,holy ,fa!r's pat]nal address to 8 err+ & /ray$ *ildr51 if au!ntic copies _h be5 at once s5t to all ! bi%ops1 ) a comm& to publi% bo? ! orig9al ,lat9 text1 & also a translation au?oriz$ by !mselves1 ) _! own (ficial c\nt]-signature app5d$1 = ! b5efit ( all ,*ri/ians )9 _! sev]al dioceses4 ,z x is1 h[ev]1 ! lett] ( ! ,holy ,fa!r has become v g5]ally kn[n ?r\gh ! indirect *annel ( ! newspap]s1 & has n fail$ to produce a great s5sation4 ,x is j su* an admonition z ! head ( ! ,*ur*1 :o is consci\s t 8 au?ority to tea* ! _w is indubitable1 might be expect$ to issue4 ,x is 9 ! /yle & mann] :i* become ! ,vic> ( ,jesus ,*ri/ speak+ to all ! baptiz$1 :o1 by virtue ( _! baptism1 are lawfully subject to 8 pa/oral jurisdiction4 ,! ,pope speaks z "o hav+ au?ority1 & mu/ necess>ily d s1 j z our ,"l & ! ,apo/les did1 because he kn[s t he has au?ority1 & t ! evid5ce ( 8 au?ority is s pla9 & cle>1 t at lea/ all ! educat$ pa/ors & tea*]s ( ! diff]5t ,*ri/ian sects are capable ( p]ceiv+ x & b\nd to ackn[l$ge x4 ,! ,saturday ,review compla9s t ! ,pope does n argue on ! subject1 or adduce reasons to conv9ce ^? :o reject 8 au?ority4 ,?is is a mo/ unreasonable objection4 ,h[ w\ld x be possible1 )9 ! limits ( a brief lett]1 to address argum5ts1 at l5g?1 to all ! hundr$ & "o diff]5t sorts ( ,prote/ants8 ,! lett] is n de/itute ( t k9d & am\nt ( argum5t :i* are alone suitable 9 a docum5t ( ! k9d4 ,x appeals to ! manife/ fact t ,prote/ants are divid$ among a multitude ( diff]+ sects & doctr9es1 )\t any pr9ciple ( unity or c]ta9 crit]ion ( tru?2 :]eas ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 9 communion ) ! ,see ( ,pet]1 possesses t unity & univ]sality :i* are ! sure & evid5t m>ks ( ! pres5ce ( ! ,holy ,_s )9 h] body1 lead+ h] p]petually into all tru?1 accord+ to ! promise ( ,*ri/4 ,our ,"l1 :5 he dem&$ ! ob$i5ce ( fai? "u ! p]il ( et]nal damnation f all 8 he>]s1 did n ent] into long argum5ts4 ,he pres5t$ brief & simple reasons 9 an au?oritative mann] to 8 auditors1 & appeal$ to ! evid5ces by :i* 8 div9e mission 0 atte/$ f heav54 ,9 l mann] ! ,holy ,fa!r1 :o is ,*ri/'s viceg]5t ^u ! e>?1 affirms 8 own au?ority1 comm&s submission to 8 tea*+1 & pres5ts a simple1 obvi\s argum5t address$ to ! reason & consci5ce ( all m51 :i* !y h ! means ( easily v]ify+ if !y w4 ,! affirmation ( 8 au?ority1 & ! comm& or exhortation to submit to x1 are n made gratuit\sly1 & d n re/ ^u a m]e p]sonal decl>ation ( ! ,pontiff1 to :i* m5 are to yield an ass5t :i* is bl9d1 unreason+1 or de/itute ( solid motives4 ,! motives are n express$ explicitly & at l5g? 9 ! lett]2 b !y are appeal$ to z exi/+ )9 ! rea* ( ^? :o are address$1 & ! claim ( submission is bas$ ^u !m4 ,! ,holy ,fa!r speaks z ! head ( a communion embrac+ almo/ two ?irds ( all ,*ri/5dom1 :i* has exi/$ 9 an unbrok5 cont9uity ( doctr9e & organization f remote antiquity1 ) ! entire unit$ moral =ce ( all ! bi%ops1 doctors1 & sa9ts ( ! *ur* 9 ! pres5t & ! pa/ ages1 to back & support him4 ,he speaks to ^? ^: ance/ors ackn[l$g$ 8 au?ority1 & :o h be5 sev]$ f 8 communion by a viol5t revolution1 ^: ju/ification ?ree c5turies h n be5 able to e/abli%2 b ^: condemnation has be5 unmi/akably pron\nc$ by ! disa/r\s results x has produc$4 #edb ,he has1 !re=e1 a prima-facie claim ( prescription1 possession1 & g5]al ackn[l$gm5t 9 8 favor1 :i* gives an imm5se moral weight to 8 utt]ance4 ,moreov]1 he speaks aft] hav+ = ?ree hundr$ ye>s argu$ ! :ole case betwe5 himself & ,prote/ants 9 ! mo/ ?or\gh & complete mann]1 by ! means ( ! !ologians & writ]s ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ^: works are accessible 9 all languages4 ,8 bi%ops & prie/s are ev]y:]e to be f\nd1 ready to argue & expla9 ! doctr9es ( ! *ur* = ! b5efit ( all ^? :o desire x4 ,at ! c\ncil itself1 in/ructions & conf]5ces 9 v>i\s languages w be giv5 ^u all ! po9ts ( controv]sy by ! able/ & mo/ le>n$ prea*]s ( all nations1 & !ologians w be ready to give private conf]5ces to ^? :o desire !m4 ,x _c be said1 !re=e1 t ! ,holy ,fa!r %uts out inquiry1 argum5t1 or discussion2 = he does ev]y?+ to invite & favor !m1 & by 8 act 9 summon+ a c\ncil1 & *all5g+ ! att5tion ( ! :ole _w1 ?r[s op5 all ! doors & w9d[s ( ! *ur* to ! light ( all ! intellig5ce ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,! review] compla9s1 moreov]1 t ! ,pope claims an au?ority above t :i* is admitt$ by a s*ool ( ,ca?olic !ologians1 or ev5 requir$ by any =mal pontifical decree to be ackn[l$g$ z ( obligatory doctr9e4 ,?is is an utt]ly reckless & baseless ass]tion4 ,:atev] may be ! tea*+ ( ,van ,esp51 ,von ,hon!im1 ,ri*]1 & o!r c\rt canoni/s & lawy]s1 ^: errone\s & s*ismatical doctr9e is condemn$ reject$ 9 e ,ca?olic s*ool1 ,bossuet1 ,de ,m>ca1 & all or?odox ,gallicans h always recogniz$ & support$ e :it ( t au?ority :i* is affirm$ or impli$ 9 ! pontifical lett]4 ,z = ! s*ismatical ,ori5tals1 :o are suppos$ to be aggriev$ by ! t]ms ( ! invitation :i* ! ,pope has ext5d$ to !m to att5d ! c\ncil1 !y are =c$1 9 consi/5cy ) ! doctr9e !y h ev]more admitt$1 to ackn[l$ge ! primacy ( ! ,roman ,pontiff1 & 8 "r to call an oecum5ical c\ncil4 ,! ,patri>* ( ,con/ant9ople1 al?\gh "s ( ! bi%ops ( 8 synod are said to h favor$ ! acceptance ( ! ,pope's invitation1 has refus$ ev5 to receive ! lett] conta9+ x4 ,! ,arm5ian ,patri>* w probably foll[ suit1 & ! ,synod ( ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 :i* is only a bureau ( ! imp]ial gov]nm5t1 w1 ( c\rse1 n only reject ! invitation to ! c\ncil 9 ! mo/ decisive mann]1 b w put =? ! entire political influ5ce :i* ,russia possesses 9 ! ,ea/ to h9d] ! ,ori5tal prelates f att5d+4 ,?is l9e ( conduct1 h[ev]1 is totally inconsi/5t ) ! pr9ciples & pr(essions ( ! ,ea/]n communions4 ,!y all recognize ! primacy ( ! ,roman bi%op1 & 8 "r to convoke a c\ncil4 ,!y ackn[l$ge t _! sep>ation f ! ,we/]n *ur* is an abnormal condition1 & t all portions ( ,*ri/5dom ought to be 9 unity4 ,_! refusal to att5d ! c\ncil w !re=e be a condemnation ( !mselves1 & w manife/ mo/ cle>ly ! s*ismatical _s by :i* !y are actuat$4 ,x may be said t ! t]ms on :i* !y are invit$ are su* t !y _c att5d4 #edc ,! gi/ ( ?is excuse is1 t ! ,pope dem&s a submission to 8 supremacy :i* !y _c admit4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does n really excuse !m4 ,admit1 = ! sake ( argum5t1 t ! ,roman ,*ur* has usurp$ a supremacy :i* does n belong to x1 & is really to blame = ! exi/+ s*ism4 ,!y are invit$ to att5d ! c\ncil & sit 9 x z bi%ops4 ,if !y are confid5t ( ! ju/ice ( _! cause1 :y d n !y embrace ! opportunity to s5d _! patri>*s1 metropolitans1 & fifty or a hundr$ ( _! pr9cipal bi%ops1 toge!r ) _! mo/ le>n$ ar*im&rites & !ologians1 & ! diplomatic repres5tatives ( ,russia & ,greece1 :o may argue _! cause be=e ! c\ncil & 9 pres5ce ( all ,*ri/5dom4 ,if !y _h any moral =ce at all1 n[ w\ld be ! opportunity to %[ x4 ,b !y h none1 & !re=e !y d>e n g1 & by _! op5 manife/ation ( c[>dice & utt] recklessness ( ! common good ( ,*ri/5dom1 !y w give a dea?-bl[ to _! own cause4 ,! ,pope is blam$ = n hav+ invit$ ! ,prote/ant bi%ops to att5d ! c\ncil4 ,x is impossible = him to invite !m1 because x is impossible = him to recognize _! episcopal "*4 ,! ,ori5tals !mselves w\ld n sit ) !m 9 c\ncil z fell[-bi%ops4 ,_! claim ev5 to an ext]ior succession is s extremely d\btful t at ! highe/ x has only probability 9 its favor4 ,aside f all "q1 moreov]1 conc]n+ ! alleg$ fact ( ,p>k]'s consecration by ,b>l[1 & ( ! consecration ( ,b>l[ himself1 ! ess5tial defect ( =m 9 ! ,engli% ord9al ( ,que5 ,elizabe? mu/ prev5t ! recognition ( any true episcopal succession 9 ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*es4 ,?is is no reason1 h[ev]1 :y ! ,prote/ant bi%ops %\ld n make an attempt to ga9 a he>+ & pres5t _! claim be=e ! c\ncil4 ,!y _c be admitt$ to ! c\ncil z bi%ops1 b !y might1 & no d\bt w\ld1 be receiv$ ) c\rtesy & urbanity z di/+ui%$ p]sonages1 & z repres5tatives ( "s millions ( baptiz$ ,*ri/ians4 ,d !y believe !mselves to be a portion ( ! ,ca?olic episcopate8 ,"o ( _! mo/ le>n$ div9es1 ,palm]1 to say no?+ ( _m o!rs1 ackn[l$ges t ! ,roman ,bi%op1 :5 he is 9 communion ) ! :ole ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 is ! c5tre ( unity & ! presid+ bi%op ( all ,*ri/5dom4 ,:y1 !n1 d !y n depute a l>ge body ( _! numb] to g to ! c\ncil1 att5d$ by _! mo/ le>n$ !ologians1 & ask = a he>+8 ,no?+ c\ld give !m a bett] *ance ( manife/+ ! full /r5g? ( _! position1 & br++ into ! light all ! ju/ice !re is 9 _! cause1 ?an su* a demon/ration z ?is1 if !y only _h c\rage1 indep5d5ce1 & conc]t ( action en\gh to make x4 ,we w\ld say ! same ( o!r ,prote/ant communions mak+ no pret5sion to any ,episcopal succession4 ,!y v g5]ally pr(ess a desire = union among ,*ri/ians4 ,surely !re mu/ be "s basis ^u :i* ?is union is possible4 ,^? :o pr(ess t ,jesus ,*ri/ has e/abli%$ a religion1 giv5 a revelation1 taught a doctr9e & way ( salvation1 mu/ admit t !re is "s way ( asc]ta9+ ) c]ta9ty :at ,*ri/ianity really is1 & refut+ ! claims ( e k9d ( pseudo-,*ri/ianity4 ,:y c !y n make a bold & g5]\s ef=t1 !n1 to br+ ! matt] to a te/1 s5d _! repres5tatives to ,rome1 & try to h at lea/ "s beg9n+ ( a conf]5ce respect+ ! cause ( diss5sion & disunion8 #edd ,we are glad to see ! action tak5 by ! ,presbyt]ians ( ,new ,york & ,new ,j]sey & ! ,evangelicals ( ,b]l94 ,we c\ld h wi%$ t ! =m] _h exhibit$ equal c\rtesy & am5ity 9 _! language ) ! latt]4 ,h[ev]1 we let t pass4 ,:at we desire above all ?+s is1 t att5tion %\ld be drawn to ! lett] ( ! ,holy ,fa!r1 & to ! great & vital matt]s :i* x pres5ts4 ,our ,prote/ant bre?r5 c d u1 9 ?is respect1 a mu* great] s]vice ?an we c d ourselves4 ,_! resolutions1 replies1 discussions1 & indignant d5ials ( ! au?ority ( ! successor ( ,pet] only br+ be=e ! m9ds ( ! multitude m di/9ctly & univ]sally ! claim :i* he makes to be he>d & rev]5c$ z ! ,vic> ( ,*ri/4 ,?is is precisely :at we desire4 ,we d n ask1 & ! ,holy ,fa!r has nev] dem&$1 t ^? :o are sep>at$ f 8 communion %\ld submit to 8 au?ority )\t hav+ j & adequate reasons pres5t$ be=e _! m9ds4 ,we ask only t !y lay aside _! inh]it$ prejudices1 & t animosity :i* is _! result2 exam9e1 inquire1 & weigh calmly1 ) a pure desire to "k ! tru?1 & ) pray] to ,god1 ! evid5ce ( ! supreme au?ority bequea!d to ! ,roman ,pontiff by ,/4 ,pet]1 ! ,pr9ce ( ! ,apo/les4 ,x is idle to pret5d t ! claims ( ! ,roman ,see are unwor?y ( a he>+1 & c be set aside by a simple d5ial4 ,!re is no o!r human be+ except ! ,pope :o has ! slighte/ claim to call himself ! ,fa!r ( all ! fai?ful1 or :o w\ld dream ( do+ x4 ,:oev] %\ld attempt x w\ld receive no att5tion1 b w\ld be disreg>d$ z an idiot4 ,no *ur*1 ev51 h[ev] l>ge its numb]s1 c ga9 any g5]al att5tion to its pret5sions ( possess+ t doctr9e & polity :i* are truly apo/olic1 or its invitations to ! re/ ( ,*ri/5dom to con=m to its peculi> type ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! ,pope alone compels ! att5tion ( ! _w :5 he speaks4 ,! emphatic prote/s :i* 8 maje/ic & pat]nal admonitions to all ,*ri/ians to return to ! fold ( unity call =?1 are !mselves witnesses to ! imm5se p[] :i* he possesses z ! successor ( ,/4 ,pet] & ! heir ( t promise :i* 0 made by ,jesus ,*ri/3 ,?\ art ,pet]1 & ^u ?is rock ,i w build my *ur*2 & ! gates ( hell %all n prevail aga9/ x3 & ,i w give to !e ! keys ( ! k+dom ( heav52 :atsoev] ?\ %alt b9d on e>? %all be b\nd 9 heav51 & :atsoev] ?\ %alt loose on e>? %all be loos$ 9 heav54 ,!re is no humiliation 9 be+ admoni%$ & in/ruct$ by ! voice ( "o :o is ! inh]itor ( su* a promise1 or 9 be+ invit$ to return "u ! guidance ( su* a maje/ic & anci5t pa/oral au?ority4 ,x is n 9 ! _s ( pride or disda9 t we urge ^u our fell[-,*ri/ians ! duty ( return+ to ! bosom ( ! ,"m ,*ur*4 ,we ard5tly desire t !y may be our bre?r51 unit$ ) u 9 fai? & fell[%ip1 %>]s ) u 9 ! glori\s privilege ( ,ca?olic communion1 & 9 ! noble "w ( propagat+ ,*ri/ianity ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,we desire to judge z favorably z possible ( ! motives & int5tions ( ^? :o1 ) mi/ak5 zeal1 repulse ! e>ne/ & pat]nal exhortations ( ! ,fa!r ( ,*ri/5dom1 & tru/ t :5 !y h m calmly & ?or\ghly inve/igat$ ! gr\nds ( _! sep>ation1 _m ( !m w obey ! voice ( tru? & consci5ce1 & retrace ! pa? :i* l$ _! ance/ors away f ! doctr9e & fold ( ! successor ( ,/4 ,pet]4 #ede ,we are n sangu9e en\gh to expect t ! approa*+ ,c\ncil ( ! ,vatican w be foll[$ by ! imm$iate & univ]sal return ( all ,*ri/ians to ,ca?olic unity4 ,we h no d\bt1 h[ev]1 t x w m>k a great epo* 9 ecclesia/ical & human hi/ory1 &1 l ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 w inaugurate a new p]iod ( progression & triumph = ! *ur*4 ,to :at ext5t ! sep>at$ ,*ri/ians ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/ w become reconcil$ to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 we w n v5ture to pr$ict2 b we w haz>d a prophecy t )9 ! next half-c5tury ! great mass ( ^? :o are n reabsorb$ into ca?olicity w h melt$ away into "s =m ( infidelity1 or h be5 swept up by "s new false religion :i* is op5ly anti-,*ri/ian4 ,:at c\rse ! body ( ! ,prote/ant cl]gy w take rema9s to be se52 b if !y are n wise en\gh to anticipate & lead ! movem5t :i* mu/ inevitably br+ back ! mo/ religi\s portion ( _! p to ! unity ( ! ,see ( ,/4 ,pet]1 !y w be left beh9d by x1 & w ere long f9d !mselves )\t flocks & )\t *ur*es4 ---------- ,sonnet 7,,xiii47 ,f ,! ,vita ,nuova ,( ,dante ,alighi]i4 ,s g5tle seems my lady & s pure ,:5 %e greets any "o1 t sc>ce ! eye ,su* mode/y & brightness c endure1 ,& ! tongue1 trembl+1 falt]s 9 reply4 ,%e he>s2 b he$s n1 p praise h] wor?-- ,"s 9 _! spee*1 & _m ) a p5-- ,b meekly moves1 z if s5t d[n to e>? ,to %[ ano!r miracle to m56 ,& su* a pleasure f h] pres5ce gr[s ,on him :o gaze?1 :ile %e passe? by-- ,a s5se ( sweetness t no mortal kn[s ,:o ha? n felt x--t ! s\l's repose ,is woke to wor%ip1 & a _s fl[s ,=? f h] face t seems to :isp]1 ,sigh6 ,t4 ,w4 ,p4 ---------- #edf ,*ri/mas ,gifts4 ,a pleasantly-furni%$ p>lor1 look+ out ^u noble trees & gray %rubb]y4 ,)91 books1 pictures1 portfolios1 & a sup]b piano4 ,at ! piano a lovely girl ( tw5ty summ]s1 ^: face1 figure1 & fair :ite h&s give tok5 t no c>e1 or sorr[1 or labor has ev] rea*$ h]4 ,a footfall on ! piazza />tles h]2 ! bell r+s1 & is answ]$4 ,george6 ,isabel6 ,& 9 ano!r mom5t bro!r & si/] are lock$ 9 ea* o!r's arms4 ,he put h] f him a little1 & look$ 9 h] face4 ,y are m ?an ev] ,bella1 he said1 :ile two or ?ree times he kiss$ h] fair =ehead4 ,h[ is my "m8 ,didn't ,i he> "s /ra9s ( ,moz>t's ',twelf?' z ,i came into ! gate8 ,yes1 ,i 0 j play+ ! ,agnus ,dei4 ,"m is nicely2 & ,i 0 enjoy+ my music imm5sely2 = x is ! fir/ day 9 two or ?ree weeks t ,i h be5 all[$ to t\* ! piano4 ,:y8 ,because "m has be5 s sick4 ,don't look s fright5$2 %e is q well n[4 ,did y "k y _h a little si/] up-/airs8 ,no1 inde$6 he exclaim$1 ) an expression ( delight1 at :i* ,isabel laugh$ aga91 :ile %e w5t on to say3 ,"m 0 s n]v\s1 & s excit$ by ! /orms & %ipwrecks t ! pap]s 7 full (1 t = nights & nights %e did n sleep at all1 & ! doctor 0 afraid %e w\ld die or lose h] reason2 b = "s "t pa/ %e has slept1 & n[ %e seems q recov]$4 ,let u g to h]--c ,i g up8 ,j !n a little girl ( six ye>s came into ! room1 ) wide expectant eyes1 &1 ,"m says-- ,ah6 little "o1 said ! "y man c>ess+ly1 d y rememb] bro!r ,george8 ,yes1 inde$ ,i d4 ,!n give me a hug1 said he1 fold+ h] 9 8 arms1 & !n releas+ h]4 ,x is a long "t s9ce y saw me4 ,i %\ld n wond] if y _h =gott5 me4 ,b ,i h n =gott5 y2 & "m says1 %e w5t on1 danc+ up & d[n 9 great glee1 if x's bro!r ,george1 y're to come "r up-/airs2 only y mu/n't make a noise = ! sake ( ! baby4 ,:at did y br+ me8 ,if y h a baby1 y ought n to expect me to br+ y any?+4 ,isn't ! baby en\gh8 ,%e smil$ r d\btfully1 & trott$ on be=e !m up-/airs4 ,isabel1 said ,george1 wait a m9ute4 ,!n1 z if some?+ 9 8 si/]'s face fail$ to invite ! m$itat$ confid5ce1 he ask$1 z !y sl[ly asc5d$ ! /airs1 _! h&s lock$1 ,is ,philip "h8 ,no2 he w n be "h till next ,monday--! ,monday be=e ,*ri/mas4 ,& y are to be m>ri$-- ,on ,*ri/mas eve2 h[ glad ,i am y've come6 ,is my fa!r well8 ,yes2 he w be s sorry n to h met y at ! :>f2 b he _h to g to ,w---- on ,?ursday1 & w n be home till ev5+4 #edg ,!y ent]$ ,mrs4 ,h>tl&'s room1 & ! son1 s h>dly p>t$ f1 s anxi\sly & long expect$1 0 press$ to 8 "m's he>t4 ,my d>l+ boy1 y are inde$ a ,*ri/mas gift4 ,yes1 de> "m1 we ought to h be5 back long ago2 sometimes ,i 0 afraid ,i %\ld nev] get back to y4 ,besides t hurricane (f ! ,cape1 :i* oblig$ u to put 9 = repairs1 we h _h v heavy wea!r s9ce we cross$ ! l9e4 ,b ,i h accompli%$ ! bus9ess fa!r s5t me to d1 ?ank ,god1 & am ) y all once m4 ,are ,m>y & ,fanny well8 ,yes1 !y h gone out to buy ,*ri/mas pres5ts1 & ,rob]t ) !m4 ,& ,*>lie8 ,is sp5d+ a few days ) ,aunt ,ell51 & w come back ) !m on ,monday = ! w$d+ & = ,*ri/mas4 ,o "m de>6 said ,isabel1 :om 0 y\r lett] f8 ,f ,aunt ,ann4 ,!y are all well1 & are com+ on ,monday4 ,& ,lucy & ,jane8 ,yes4 ,b1 my d>l+ "m1 exclaim$ ,george1 ) a look ( di/ress1 y w be p]fectly worn out ) all ?is company4 ,"m has no?+ to d ) t1 said ,isabel2 we take c>e ( t4 ,if "m takes c>e ( ! baby1 t is all we expect ( h]2 & ,mrs4 ,reilly is to /ay till ,philip & ,i are (f4 ,& h[ is ?is de> little ,*ri/mas pres5t8 said ,george1 /oop+ t5d]ly ov] ! sleep+ infant4 ,lovely1 said 8 "m1 smil+4 ,z lovely1 said ,isabel1 ) a slight laugh1 z su* little nuisances ev] are4 ,:y1 ,bella de>1 don't y love h]8 ask$ ,george4 ,oh6 yes1 to be sure1 ,i love h]2 b ,i don't see ! use ( h]2 nobody wants h]4 ,i beg y\r p>don1 de>1 ,i want h]1 int]rupt$ h] "m4 ,oh6 yes1 "m1 ,i don't mean t2 ,i "k y want h]1 & ,i am sure ,i am glad y h h]2 only ,i mean to say t %e has *os5 to come at ! mo/ inconv5i5t "t possible1 z babies always d2 & t !re is no place "h = a baby1 & t %e d]anges ev]y?+2 & turns ! :ole h\se upside d[n2 & ,i ?9k babies are a nuisance2 & !n ,kate is six ye>s old1 & we _h no "r to expect any m babies2 & !re 7 en\gh ( u )\t h]2 & ,i am j go+ to be m>ri$1 & x all seems s odd & que]4 ,"m laugh$1 & seem$ to ?9k x n at all odd & que]1 nor yet did %e take to he>t ,isabel's repugnances2 b ,george said mus+ly3 ,& yet y are go+ to be m>ri$ y\rself next week8 ,t is precisely :y x is su* a nuisance1 said ,isabel4 ,w\ld !re h be5 en\gh ( u )\t h]1 said h] "m1 if bro!r ,george _h nev] come back1 z = s long a "t we fe>$ he w\ld n8 ,!re are nev] en\gh ( u )\t ,george1 repli$ ,isabel1 r$d5+1 p>tly f vexation1 & p>tly f ! consci\sness t ! bro!r1 ( :om %e 0 s fond & pr\d1 0 reg>d+ h]1 %e really did n "k :y1 ) some?+ l surprise & disappo9tm5t4 ,j !n ! baby /irr$1 woke1 0 tak5 up1 admir$1 discuss$1 & c>ess$1 & 9 ! mid/ ( a consultation z to :at h] "n %\ld be1 a noise ( feet & voices 0 he>d 9 ! hall bel[4 #edh ,by a mutual in/9ct t mo!rs room %\ld be sp>$ ! di/urbance ( too noisy greet+s1 ! "y p ran d[n-/airs4 ,!re 7 t5d] embraces on ! "p ( ! girls1 m vehem5t & tumultu\s ones f ,bob1 & confus$ cries (1 ,are we n glad to see y6 & ,h[ long y /aid6 & ,we ?\ght y w\ld nev] come back6 ) ,i 0 9 dang] ( nev] com+ back2 & ,h[ y h gr[n6 & ,h[ pretty y are6 at :i* ,m>y & ,fanny laugh$ & blu%$4 ,i say1 old fell[1 cri$ ,bob1 hadn't y a t]rible "t8 7 y fright5$8 ,i hadn't "t to be fright5$1 return$ ,george1 !re 0 too mu* to d4 ,:at c\ld y d8 ,n s mu* z a sailor1 ( c\rse2 b e "o c d some?+--e "o :o is cool & n afraid4 ,by ,jove6 b ,i %\ld ?9k 'tw\ld be fun6 only ,i %\ld be afraid2 ,i %\ldn't l to g to ! bottom4 ,no1 mo/ ( u w\ld object to t4 ,i wi% y w\ldn't say 'by ,jove1' ,rob]t1 said ,isabel2 ,i wi% y w\ldn't take up expressions f y\r s*ool-fell[s t y nev] he> at home4 ,isabel isn't fond ( =eign importations1 said ,fanny4 ,yes1 %e is1 ?\gh1 retort$ ,rob]t wisely1 :at is %e made (1 f top to toe1 b =eign importations8 ,amid ! g5]al laugh :i* foll[$ ?is ?ru/1 ,mrs4 ,h>tl&'s voice 0 he>d at ! head ( ! /airs3 ,fanny6 bro!r ,george w want to g to 8 room2 is x ready = him8 ,yes1 "m1 x is all ready2 ,i w g & see4 ,y w h pl5ty ( "t1 ,george2 = d9n] is half an h\r lat] to-day1 on acc\nt ( fa!r4 ,n long aft] ?is1 !re 0 a ?und]+ rap at ,george's door1 :i* op5$ & admitt$ 8 y\nge/ bro!r1 a lad ( t5 ye>s4 ,:y1 ,*>lie1 boy1 he exclaim$1 z ! li! little fell[ sprang into 8 arms1 ,i didn't expect y2 ,i ?\ght y w]5't com+ till ,monday4 ,no1 ,i wasn't2 b fa!r saw by ! pap] t ! %ip 0 91 & ,i told ,aunt ,ell5 ,i c\ldn't /ay any long]4 ,y've gr[n a head tall] s9ce ,i saw y4 ,i %\ld ?9k ,i'd _h "t en\gh to gr[2 h[ long h y be5 gone8 ,f\rte5 mon?s2 b let's g d[n & see fa!r4 ,b1 ,george1 said ! little boy1 look+ r\nd ! room1 d let me come back & *um ) y n[4 ,i've slept ) ,rob]t ev] s9ce y w5t away1 & ,i l x v well ) ,rob]t1 b ,i'd r come back to y1 mayn't ,i8 ,c]ta9ly y %all1 if "m & ,rob]t agree to x4 ,& ,*>lie made "o leap to ! fir/ l&+1 ano!r to ! second1 & ) a ?ird b\nd rea*$ 8 fa!r's door4 ,a gay p>ty assembl$ at d9n]4 ,"m came d[n = ! fir/ "t1 to honor h] boy's return4 ,mr4 ,h>tl& said a long1 e>ne/ grace1 ?ank+ ,god = ! b\nties spread be=e !m less ?an = ! return ( ! long-abs5t1 & = _! joyful reunion4 ,! girls 7 look+ _! prettie/1 ! boys full ( glee4 ,all be+ m talkative ?an hungry1 !y discuss$ home affairs1 family affairs1 ! voyage1 ! tropics1 & ,valp>aiso1 until ,*>lie1 tir$ ( 8 *air1 pu%$ x back1 & began turn+ summ]sets ov] ! floor1 by way ( dige/+ 8 d9n]4 #edi ,a g5]al move foll[$2 fa!r & ,george ex*ang$ a few s5t5ces on bus9ess matt]s 9 a l[ voice to :i* nobody li/5$1 & ! "y man left ! room4 ,pres5tly he return$ ) a bulky envelope1 :i* he gave 8 fa!r1 say+3 ,!re are ! pap]s1 sir2 ,i ?9k y w f9d ! :ole matt] v cle>ly /at$1 & ! affair satisfactorily arrang$4 ,mr4 ,h>tl& took ! bundle1 &1 plac+ himself at a side table1 turn$ ! drop-light conv5i5tly & began to op5 & read4 ,at ?is signal ! re/ ( ! p>ty mov$ into ! p>lor2 mamma 0 plac$ 9 ! mo/ com=table *air1 & ! "y p 7 pres5tly absorb$ 9 a conv]sational & philosophical game4 ,h[ long ! wits ( all ( !m _h be5 on ! /ra91 n "o ( !m c\ld h guess$1 :51 j z ,rob]t 0 insi/+ t ! article "u discussion mu/ be r$ clov]1 & t x mu/ be f\nd *iefly 9 iceb]gs1 or else bo? ,fanny & ,george _h made wrong answ]s1 sudd5ly _! fa!r's tall figure loom$ up be=e !m4 ,8 usually calm face 0 slightly tremul\s4 ,we nev] c be ?ankful en\gh1 my de> boy1 he began abruptly1 & 8 voice trembl$ also1 to h y among u once m2 & ,i mu/ say ,i am v pr\d at ! mann] 9 :i* y h manag$ ?is bus9ess4 ,george blu%$1 mamma's eyes fill$ ) te>s1 & ,*>lie1 :o = ! la/ half-h\r _h be5 s sleepy t he 0 ( no use except to make a laugh at 8 own exp5se1 rubb$ 8 eyes & look$ up4 ,george is a trump6 said he s5t5ti\sly4 ,?is 0 a great relief to papa1 :o fairly look$ z if he w\ld h lik$ to cry himself1 & ! hubbub ( voices & inquiries :i* foll[$ 0 quiet$ by ,isabel plac+ h]self at ! piano1 & beg9n+ ! same /ra9 f ,moz>t's ,twelf? :i* _h *>m$ h] bro!r on ent]+ ! gate4 ,george /ood ov] ! piano & aga9 look$ at ,isabel1 z if he 7 half incl9$ to tell h] some?+1 b refra9$2 & ,isabel 0 too mu* occupi$ ) h] own plans & prospects to indulge an indiscreet curiosity4 ,! next day ,mr4 ,h>tl& hav+ e/abli%$ himself 9 ! libr>y soon aft] breakfa/1 & ! y\ng] memb]s ( ! family hav+ gone out on _! ,*ri/mas err&s1 ,mrs4 ,h>tl& be?\ght h]self to g & see if h] son's room 7 suppli$ ) all ?+s necess>y to 8 com=t4 ,! door 0 op51 & ,george & ,isabel 7 bo? !re1 gaily *att+ & laugh+1 amid a confus$ m$ley ( books1 pap]s1 clo!s1 & odd nicknacks1 to :i* ,george 0 busily add+1 z he pull$ pile aft] pile f 8 trunk4 ,isabel glanc$ f "o object to ano!r1 ) ! idle curiosity & eag]ness begott5 ( su* occupation2 b see+ h] "m approa*1 %e made ha/e to cle> ! rock+-*air & place a foot/ool = h] feet4 ,tell "m ab\t t curi\s little pipe1 %e said4 ,yes1 b let h] see x fir/2 isn't x odd8 said he1 %[+ x4 ,i ?\ght ( giv+ x to ,rob]t1 he is s fond ( oddities2 & see1 "m1 is n ?is %agre5 case pretty1 ) ! silv] trimm+s1 & t qua9t old m$allion on ! cov]8 ,x w d to keep y\r ne$les & ?imble 94 #eej ,yes1 & scissors1 & a good-siz$ spool ( cotton2 x w d nicely to take to ! sew+ society1 "m de>4 ,& "h is a box :i* ,i ?\ght ( giv+ to fa!r1 return$ ,george1 only he nev] takes snuff1 produc+ a beautiful amb] snuff-box1 m\nt$ & l9$ ) gold4 ,exquisite6 he c\ld keep po/age-/amps 9 x1 sugge/$ ,isabel4 ,t w\ld d v well = y girls1 :o only write ?ree or f\r lett]s a week2 ,i h some?+ else t w please fa!r mu* bett]4 ,& he br\ght f 8 trunk a dagg] ( f9e metal1 curi\sly wr\ght 9 arabesque1 ! massive h&le also ri*ly c>v$ & inlaid4 ,:ile h] "m 0 admir+ ! workman%ip ( ! dang]\s little weapon1 ,bell took up1 "o aft] ano!r1 ! books ^u ! table1 mo/ ( !m old acqua9tances1 travell+ companions1 tak5 f home & br\ght home aga94 ,z %e li/5$ to ! /ory ( ! pipe1 mamma obs]v$ 9 ,isabel's h& a little1 well-?umb$ book :i* attract$ h] att5tion4 ,:at book is t1 de>8 %e ask$1 z ! /ory end$4 ,a pray]-book1 said ,isabel4 ,an ,episcopal pray]-book8 ,no1 said ,george1 a ,ca?olic4 ,:at d y h t =8 said ,mrs4 ,h>tl&1 ) a m+l$ expression ( surprise1 contempt1 & indignation4 ,because ,i want x1 he return$1 smil+4 ,:at d y want x =8 %e exclaim$1 in/antly al>m$ at 8 look & tone4 ,because1 de> "m1 ,i want x to use2 ,i am a ,roman ,ca?olic4 ,a ,roman ,ca?olic6 ,y might z well plunge ?is dagg] into my he>t1 said 8 "m1 z tell me t4 ,de>ly z ,i love y1 ,i w\ld mu* r see y dead & buri$4 ,& ,i1 said ,george quietly1 w\ld mu* r be dead & buri$ ?an ev] be a ,prote/ant aga94 ,:at infatuation6 ,b h[ came y to be a ,ca?olic1 & :at put x into y\r head to *ange y\r religion8 ,george began to tell h] ( an acqua9tance =m$ on ! outw>d voyage ) a ,ca?olic prie/1 :o 0 b\nd = ! same port z himself2 ( ! inexplicable attraction :i* drew him to ?is man2 ( ! *>m ( 8 conv]sation & mann]s2 ( _! discussions2 ( ! books :i* he l5t him2 ( 8 t5d] & fa!rly advice & in/ructions--"h ,mrs4 ,h>tl& int]pos$ an expression ( impati5ce & contempt--9 %ort1 de> "m1 pursu$ ! "y man e>ne/ly & quietly1 ,i became p]fectly conv9c$ t ! ,ca?olic religion is ! only true religion2 & z ,i did n *oose to risk my salvation by liv+ any long] )\t x1 ,i 0 receiv$ into ! *ur* be=e ,i left ,valp>aiso4 ,well1 ,i feel z if all ! happ9ess ( my life 7 blight$4 ,i am sorry y feel s1 de> "m2 ,i am griev$ to pa9 y1 b !re 0 no help = x2 y w\ld n h me violate my consci5ce4 ,!re is su* a ?+ z an ill-enlight5$ consci5ce4 ,t's s1 my de> "m1 said he1 ) some?+ m ?an 8 old bright smile1 & ,i am sure t :5 y h he>d fairly /at$ ! argum5ts :i* h influ5c$ me-- ,i don't want to he> any argum5ts or any reasons2 ,i w\ld r die ?an be a ,ca?olic2 x is a bad sign :5 "y p beg9 to ?9k !mselves wis] ?an _! eld]s4 #eea ,s x is1 de> "m2 b y did n repulse ,grace ,e/abrook ) t argum5t :5 %e left ! ,unit>ian *ur* & began to come to y\rs1 aga9/ ! wi%es ( bo? h] p>5ts4 ,i don't wi% to he> any?+ ab\t x1 or to talk or argue2 ! :ole subject is hateful to me4 ,y h giv5 u all ! dagg]1 my son1 said %e1 plac+ x ^u ! table1 & ris+1 %e w5t bel[ to communicate to ,mr4 ,h>tl& ! sad intellig5ce4 ,! allusion to ! dagg] affect$ ,george v s5sibly1 & he dread$ to g d[n-/airs or meet 8 fa!r & si/]s2 b hav+ at la/ made ! ef=t1 he 0 imm5sely reliev$ to f9d e "o z k9d z usual4 ,8 fa!r's face 0 pale & excit$1 b he said no?+2 ,bob />$ at him r saucily1 z if he 7 a ph5om5on2 & ! re/ ( ! family evid5tly reg>d$ him z an amiable dupe4 ,?is 0 h>d1 b endurable4 ,8 spirits rose1 he romp$ ) ! little ones1 capp$ v]ses ) 8 si/]s1 & conv9c$ e "o t 8 self-respect 0 9 no way dim9i%$ by ! sl5d] appreciation put ^u 8 fai?4 ,!re 71 ( c\rse1 n want+ argum5ts & p]suasions to lure him back to ! fai? ( ! family2 b ,george 0 n a fell[ hav+ once 9 8 life met ) positive tru?1 to ab&on x aft]w>d = a m]e negation4 ,aft] d9n]1 "s ( ! novelties :i* he _h br\ght home 7 produc$3 ! dagg]1 :i* 8 fa!r accept$ & admir$1 )\t seem+ s]i\sly w\nd$ by x2 a collection ( %ells1 a set ( corals1 & "s exquisite little articles ( "m-(-pe>l4 ,kate fi%$ out ( 8 pocket a necklace1 z %e call$ x1 ( g>net beads1 n runn+ all toge!r1 b sep>at$ occasionally by little bits ( gold *a91 ) a gold m$al p5d5t f x4 ,isn't ?is a rew>d ( m]it8 exclaim$ %e2 is ?is = me1 bro!r ,george8 may ,i h x8 ,yes1 said ,george1 laugh+1 y may h x4 ,b x w\ld n g ov] h] head1 & x _h no clasp to fa/5 r\nd h] neck2 !n %e tri$ x on = a bracelet1 b x w\ld fall (f4 ,9 %ort1 x 0 n meant to we>1 nor = an ornam5t at all1 b = some?+ else2 & z %e twirl$ x r uneasily ov] h] f+]s1 n kn[+ exactly :at to d ) x1 ,george took x f h]1 & replac$ x ) a c>nelian necklace :i* he clasp$ r\nd h] :ite ?roat4 ,kate 0 cont5t$ to see ! little g>net beads slip back into h] bro!r's pocket1 ) ! assurance t %e %\ld see !m z (t5 z %e wi%$1 n1 h[ev]1 till !y _h be5 curi\sly exam9$ & inquir$ into by ,*>lie & ,fanny4 ,!y are to say8 said ,fanny1 ) great curiosity1 h[ d y say !m8 ,b be=e ,george c\ld answ] ! "q1 ! baby 0 br\ght 91 & ! subject dropp$4 ,! little "o 0 pett$1 prais$1 & pass$ f h& to h& ) an affectionate eag]ness :i* %[$ pla9ly t %e 0 n g5]ally consid]$ a nuisance1 & at la/ all prote/$ t x 0 high "t %e _h a "n4 ,i %all n call h] ,bridget1 to please ,george1 said mamma4 ,b x w\ld n please me1 de> "m1 to h y call h] ,bridget4 ,i see no m propriety 9 call+ h] ,bridget ?an 9 call+ h] ,eulalie1 or ,g5evieve1 or ,inez4 ,i ?9k ,i w call h] ,elizabe? ,tudor2 %e 0 a good ,prote/ant4 #eeb ,i d\bt v mu* ,elizabe?'s be+ :at y w\ld call a good ,prote/ant1 return$ ,george m]rily2 b if y call baby aft] h]1 ,i %all imm$iately put h] "u ! protection ( ,/4 ,elizabe?4 ,:o 0 ,/4 ,elizabe?8 ask$ ,fanny4 ,%e 0 a ,hung>ian pr9cess1 & v pi\s4 ,%e wa%$ ! sa9ts' feet & t5d$ ! sick & poor ) h] own h&s4 ,if x 0 a boy1 ,i w\ld call him ,cranm]1 said mamma4 ,i guess n1 said ,mr4 ,h>tl&2 ,i %\ld h some?+ to say ab\t t4 ,y might call h] ,jezebel1 or ,ba?%eba1 sugge/$ ,rob]t2 ,i d>e say !y 7 bo? g5u9e ,prote/ants4 ,!re 0 frequ5tly an unc]ta9ty z to h[ ,rob]t's missiles 7 int5d$ to fall2 & :e!r 8 b>b$ arr[s 7 sp$ 9 innoc5ce or ) malice a=e?\ght 0 a po9t 9 reg>d to :i* ! mo/ unlimit$ private judgm5t 0 conc$$ to e memb] ( ! family4 ,( c\rse1 nobody laugh$ at ?is sally1 ?\gh ,isabel bit h] lip to keep f smil+1 & ,george said1 ,:y n call h] ,annie1 aft] ,aunt ,ann8 ,i h be5 ?9k+ ( t1 said mamma1 only ,isabel ?9ks x is su* a homespun "n4 ,i l homespun names1 said papa4 ,isabel lik$ ,blan*e1 & ,fanny sugge/$ ,m>g>et4 ,rob]t ?\ght ,s*w>tz w\ld be m appropriate ?an ,blan*e4 ,george said any "n 0 good t 0 9 ! cal5d>4 ,rob]t said ,*>lotte ,corday 0 9 ! cal5d>4 ,george ?\ght n1 & aft] a brisk discussion & sundry pros & cons1 x 0 decid$ to call ! little "o ,annie4 ,& ,/4 ,anne 0 ! "m ( ! ,bless$ ,virg9 ,m>y1 :isp]$ ,george to ,isabel1 z he op5$ ! piano = h]4 ,*ri/mas gifts n appreciat$1 said ,george1 turn+ r\nd at ! head ( ! fir/ flight ( /airs to bid ,isabel good night4 ,:at d y mean8 said ,bell4 ,i mean ! de> little si/] 9 !re1 po9t+ to 8 "m's room1 :om y ?9k a little nuisance4 ,p%a6 said ,isabel4 ,& ,i "h1 too1 he w5t on1 :o %\ld h be5 "u ! wat] r ?an h come home a ,ca?olic4 ,& ! gift ( fai?1 he said s]i\sly1 :i* ,god has be/[$ ^u me1 & :i* my fri5ds w\ld wi% me to ?r[ away or trample "u foot1 & ! gu>dian%ip ( sa9ts & angels1 :i* p mock at4 ,baby c h>dly be call$ a ,*ri/mas pres5t1 said ,bell1 s9ce %e is f\r weeks old1 & ,*ri/mas is n until next ,?ursday4 ,n precisely4 ,nor y\r gift ( fai?1 z y call x1 s9ce y became a ,ca?olic1 y say1 be=e leav+ ,valp>aiso4 ,n z we usually speak2 b e bless+ comes to u really because ( ! ,inc>nation1 & s any bless+ :i* we h p>ticul>ly to be ?ankful = may be gratefully reg>d$ z a ,*ri/mas gift4 ,well1 x mu/ be own$1 said ,isabel1 t y br+ y\r ideas1 l ! wise woman 9 ! ,prov]bs1 f af>4 ,george w5t on quietly )\t smil+4 ,!re w be m ,*ri/mas gifts next ,?ursday4 ,i d>e say1 said ,bell1 ?\gh h] face dem&$ an explanation4 ,fa!r & "m w h ano!r son1 & we all %all h ano!r bro!r1 & y w h "o :o 9 "s sort w /& to y 9 ! place ( ,god4 #eec ,bell color$ & 0 sil5t4 ,if %e _h *os5 to speak1 %e w\ld h said t ( all h] bro!r's f>-fet*$ ideas ?is 0 ! odde/1 & "o :i* %e 0 little likely to appreciate4 ,%e c]ta9ly _h n reg>d$ ,philip at all 9 t light1 or z a gift f ,god any way4 ,%e return$ h] bro!r's good night1 &1 go+ into h] own room1 m$itat$ h[ ,george 0 always ! same incompreh5sible fell[1 always gay & full ( life1 & yet always tak+ s]i\sly :at e "o said 9 temp] or 9 fun1 or by vanity1 or = effect1 z if an idle ^w signifi$4 ,) e "o else 9 ! h\se %e did pretty mu* z %e pleas$2 b ,george always contriv$ to manage h]1 & _h done s ev] s9ce %e 0 born4 ,he _h a quiet1 s]i\s way ( talk+ to h]1 z if he 7 tw5ty ye>s h] s5ior1 :i* 0 n flatt]+ to ,bell's vanity2 yet %e lov$ him s v mu*1 %e 0 n at all sure t %e lov$ ,philip bett]4 ,well1 ,george1 said ,rob]t on ,saturday night1 ,i suppose y are n go+ to *ur* to-morr[ ) u8 ,probably n1 said ,george4 ,i suppose y w g to ,/4 ,lawr5ce's1 ov] "h1 ) s]vant-girls1 & /able-m51 & rag-pick]s2 won't x be a sweet cr[d6 ,d be quiet1 ,rob]t1 said 8 fa!r1 :at diff]5ce does x make :om y g to *ur* )8 ,"m1 said ,fanny1 may ,i g to *ur* ) bro!r ,george tomorr[8 ,no1 ,fanny1 y may n1 said ,mrs4 ,h>tl& %ortly1 & y are n to ask = su* a ?+4 ,! ,ca?olic religion is ! religion ( ! devil1 & ,i don't want y to "k any?+ ab\t x1 or to he> or ?9k any?+ ab\t x4 ,i w\ld r y 7 dead & buri$ ?an t y %\ld be ,ca?olics1 any ( y4 ,poor ,fanny look$ dismay$1 & ,rob]t & ,m>y laugh$ irrev]5tly2 b ,mr4 ,h>tl& said mildly1 ,if ! ,ca?olic religion 7 ! religion ( ! devil1 my de>1 ,i ?9k !re is no?+ ga9$ by say+ s4 ,& :5 ! *ildr5 _h disp]s$ = ! night1 & he 0 alone aga9 ) ,mrs4 ,h>tl&1 he said3 ,george has be5 l$ away by 8 imag9ation2 & y\r vehem5t opposition w only /r5g!n him2 let him alone1 & he w get ov] ?is4 ,9 due "t ,philip made 8 appe>ance4 ,he 0 a gay1 spirit$1 h&some fell[--a great favorite ) e "o1 & especially ) ,george1 ^: classmate he _h be54 ,! ,%irleys & ,h>tl&s _h be5 intimate = _m ye>s1 hav+ mov$ 9 ! same society1 inh]it$ ! same religi\s op9ions1 & imbib$ by association ! same ideas4 ,mr4 ,%irley 0 a man ( great weal?1 & 0 /ill liv+2 b ,philip _h j inh]it$ a f9e prop]ty f ! uncle aft] :om he 0 nam$1 s t he 0 z ri* z he ne$$ to be n[1 ) a prospect ( z mu* aga9 h]eaft]4 ,inde$1 z ,mrs4 ,h>tl& r pr\dly said1 ,x 0 precisely ! connection :i* !y _h mo/ desir$ = ,isabel4 ,& yet1 su* z ,philip 01 x 0 n /range1 p]haps1 t ,george's idea ( ! ,*ri/mas gift %\ld seem to ,isabel f>-fet*$4 ,b x is n s1 ,george reason$1 = y all say t m>riages are made 9 heav51 & ,/4 ,james says t ',e be/ gift1 & e p]fect gift1 is f above1 & come? d[n f ! ,fa!r ( lights4' #eed ,*ri/mas eve arriv$1 &1 accord+ to ! programme1 ! "y p 7 m>ri$4 ,! w$d+ 0 furni%$ ) gue/s1 & x may be tak5 = grant$ at once t ev]y?+ 0 plann$ & c>ri$ out 9 ! mo/ approv$ /yle1 s9ce ,isabel _h ! supreme dictator%ip4 ,george 0 fir/ groomsman1 & ! o!rs 7 select$ f ! li/ ( ,belle's inconsolable admir]s4 ,little ,kate 0 ! smalle/ bridesmaid1 & w5t ?r\gh h] "p ) s]i\s gravity1 evid5tly believ+ t %e 0 assi/+ at a solemn function4 ,! bride & groom 7 pron\nc$ ! h&some/ c\ple1 & s =?2 ! cake & ! wea!r 7 delici\s4 ,philip c]ta9ly appreciat$ 8 ,*ri/mas gift1 & ?\ght himself a happy man4 ,he _h always consid]$ ,belle ! prettie/ girl 9 ,p----1 z %e 0 c]ta9ly "o ( ! clev]e/2 he 0 p]fectly p]suad$ t %e 0 equally good & beautiful1 & he _h ! grace to ?9k t 8 own weal?1 ) 8 o!r advantages1 did no m ?an place him ^u a p> ) h]4 ,c]ta9ly1 ,isabel's prospects ( happ9ess 7 v fair4 ,& s %e pass$ away to adorn a new h\se1 v mu* miss$ by all at ! old1 & by none m ?an by ,m>y1 :o succe$$ to ! place & honors ( eld] si/]1 ?\gh confess$ly by no means s beautiful1 brilliant1 or clev] z ,miss ,h>tl& t 04 ,b ,m>y 0 a good girl1 play$ & sang v sweetly1 & 0 always ready to gratify h] fa!r ) ^? simple ballads 9 :i* he *iefly delight$4 ,home 0 quiet]1 b p]haps sc>cely less happy1 & home happ9ess 0 con/antly augm5t$ by ! pleasure ( anticipat+ ,isabel's visits4 ,if ,mr4 ,h>tl& really expect$ ,george to get ov] 8 love = & belief 9 ! ,ca?olic religion1 he 0 evid5tly doom$ to disappo9tm5t2 =1 to all appe>ance1 x e day p5etrat$ m & m ! v sub/ance ( 8 be+1 ?\gh he _h always be5 s s9c]ely religi\s t 8 ext]nal conduct 0 modifi$ by x less ?an might h be5 suppos$4 ,fanny nev] repeat$ h] prepo/]\s reque/ = p]mission to g to *ur* ) bro!r ,george2 b %e 0 p]petually slipp+ into 8 room1 peep+ into 8 books1 admir+ 8 little pictures & /atuettes1 try+1 9 fact1 ) a girl's insatiable curiosity1 to discov] :y ! =bidd5 fruit 0 s unspeakably poison\s4 ,%e incurr$ repeat$ scold+s = h] re/less inque/2 &1 aft] be+ reprov$ ! tw5tie? "t = tak+ possession ( bro!r ,george's books & c>ry+ !m (f into h] own room1 %e fairly disconc]t$ h] "m by indignantly inquir+1 ,:y !y _h no 'cre$1' & :at "r ! p :o fir/ />t$ ! ,prote/ant religion _h to hide away ! ',apo/les' ,cre$' f ev]ybody1 s t hundr$s ( p]sons :o ?\ght !mselves ,*ri/ians1 & meant to be ,*ri/ians1 liv$ & di$ )\t ev] kn[+ !re 0 any 'cre$4' ,poor ,mrs4 ,h>tl& 0 completely nonpluss$2 %e knew no?+ ab\t cre$s h]self1 b %e hesitat+ly sugge/$ t !y _h a =m ( cov5ant4 ,?is1 ,fanny insi/$1 0 n ! lea/ l ! ,cre$1 & h] "m1 hav+ no o!r =ces 9 res]ve1 took refuge 9 ! usual invective1 & assur$ h] daught] 9 ! mo/ solemn mann] t %e w\ld pref] to see h] 9 h] grave r ?an h h] imbibe h] bro!r ,george's s5tim5ts4 #eee ,fanny1 ( c\rse1 0 oblig$ to g to ,george = a satisfactory answ] to h] "q1 & hav+ le>n$ f him ! gradual process by :i* ! fir/ ,prote/antism _h dw9dl$ d[n into ,new ,engl& ,congregationalism1 h] rev]5ce = ! sy/em 9 :i* %e _h be5 br\ght up 0 n increas$4 ,mean:ile1 almo/ ano!r ye> has pass$ away4 ,little ,annie ,h>tl& is creep+ ab\t ! c>pet1 or pu%+ h]self r\nd ) a *air1 &1 "u great p]suasion & g5]\s brib]y1 mak+ "s diffid5t attempts to talk4 ,isabel has be5 at home "s weeks1 & is domicil$ 9 h] own old room4 ,philip's visits are frequ5t1 b %ort & unc]ta91 = ?\gh a ri* he is by no means an idle man4 ,all are improv+ ! la/ beautiful days ( autumn1 9 anticipation ( ! disagreeable wea!r ( settl$ w9t]4 ,fanny1 especially1 :o 0 fond ( rid+ & a capital horsewoman1 rode almo/ e aft]noon1 sometimes )\t any escort1 & sometimes accompani$ by ,rob]t1 :o 0 v pr\d ( ! elegant figure 8 si/] made on h] spirit$ yet g5tle horse4 ,on "o ( ! lovelie/ ( ^! days1 z ,george1 return+ f a long walk1 0 saunt]+ up ! drive1 he 0 />tl$ at see+ ,rob]t ^u ! l[] end ( ! piazza )\t a hat1 trembl+1 & excessively pale4 ,d y "k8 did y see h]8 he ask$1 quiv]+ ) excitem5t1 & )\t wait+ = an answ]1 ,fan--%e's be5 ?r[n--& "m says %e's be5 t]ribly hurt4 ,:]e 0 %e8 :o 0 ) h]8 is %e "h8 ,9 "m's room4 ,:]e 7 y t y did n see x8 ,i h be5 9 ! o!r direction1 up t[>d ! academy4 ,has ,philip come8 ,yes1 he came j be=e ,fan 0 hurt4 ,george w5t up-/airs1 & f\nd ,fanny q ins5sible4 ,! poor *ild 0 settl$ 9 h] "m's room1 out ( ! way ( ,isabel1 ^: little boy 0 only a week old1 & f :om ! sad news 0 to be kept z long z possible4 ,= "s days x seem$ v d\btful :e!r ,fanny w\ld recov]2 b h] y\? prevail$1 & at la/ ! doctor pron\nc$ t1 ) great c>e1 %e w\ld be p]fectly re/or$1 ?\gh %e w\ld sc>cely be able to leave ! h\se be=e spr+4 ,dur+ ?is int]val ,belle1 :o 0 rapidly convalesc+1 _h repeat$ly ask$ = ,fanny1 & wond]$ s mu* t %e did n come to h] room t x 0 at la/ no long] possible to conceal h] si/]'s injury4 ,isabel's excitem5t & agitation 7 at fir/ extreme2 b ! assurance t ! invalid 0 n[ do+ well soon soo!d & *e]$ h]1 & %e pleas$ h]self t be=e long %e c\ld g into h] "m's room & %[ ,fanny h] beautiful baby4 ,he is f\r weeks old to-morr[1 said ,isabel1 & ! doctor says ,i may g d[n-/airs to-morr[4 ,poor de> little ,fanny6 ,i wond] :5 %e w be able to g out8 ,d y "k1 ,george1 ,i ?9k1 consid]+ all t has be5 said on sev]al occasions ab\t pref]r+ t we %\ld be dead & buri$ r ?an t we %\ld be ?is & t1 we all ought to be v ?ankful t ,fanny 0 n kill$ outright8 ,( c\rse4 ,i wond] if "m ev] ?\ght ( x8 #eef ,b ,george made no reply2 only1 aft] a few m9utes1 he said3 ,y ought to h ?is de> little fell[ baptiz$1 n[1 :ile ,philip is "h4 ,o cle>6 said ,isabel1 we don't dream ( hav+ him baptiz$ till spr+2 x is too cold2 & ,philip is go+ to-morr[ ev5+4 ,annie 0 almo/ six mon?s old be=e %e 0 baptiz$4 ,i "k1 b x is v wrong2 mo/ ,ca?olic *ildr5 are baptiz$ be=e !y are t5 days old4 ,oh6 yes1 ,i "k y ?9k x is necess>y4 ,if x is n necess>y1 ,i don't see :y y d x at all4 ,:y1 x is a pi\s obs]vance1 said ,isabel4 ,:at hurry is !re8 besides1 we c't h him baptiz$ n[1 = ,philip & ,i h n agre$ :at to call him4 ,& :ile y are debat+ t po9t1 y run ! risk ( hav+ him die )\t be+ baptiz$ at all4 ,i don't ?9k !re is any dang]4 ,he is z well z he c be4 ,& "m's little--,i =get :at 8 "n 0--di$ )\t be+ baptiz$ at all1 & ,i don't believe x makes any diff]5ce4 ,j z ,i told y la/ ye>1 ,belle1 said ,george1 smil+1 gifts despis$2 y place a sacram5t in/itut$ by our bless$ ,savi\r himself on ! same foot+ ) grace at table2 a pi\s obs]vance1 ( c\rse2 to be att5d$ to1 no d\bt1 :5 "o is n 9 too mu* ( a hurry4 ,isabel half smil$2 b %e 0 too pr\d & happy1 & too busy pett+ h] d>l+1 to reg>d mu* ! drift ( h] bro!r's words4 ,at t mom5t ,philip came 9 to get ! baby to %[ ,fanny1 & ! ?ree adj\rn$ into _! "m's room1 ,philip c>ry+ ! baby1 ( :om he 0 evid5tly v pr\d4 ,!re are mo/ too _m ( y1 said ,mrs4 ,h>tl&2 b %e c\ld n *oose :i* to dismiss1 s !y all w5t 94 ,i don't let ,fanny hold levees1 b y ne$ n /ay long4 ,fanny 0 v fond ( babies1 & !y made h] exam9e 8 beautiful eyes & =ehead & dimpl$ *92 & !n ,belle call$ h] si/]'s att5tion to ! exquisitely embroid]$ dress :i* %e h]self _h work$4 ,i wond] h[ long x w be be=e ,i %all be able to "w ano!r1 said ,fanny1 ) a pati5t smile4 ,y w soon be well en\gh1 de> ,fanny1 = me to come & read to y1 said ,george4 ,oh6 yes1 ,i %all enjoy t2 & if ,belle is go+ d[n-/airs to-morr[1 %e c play a little1 & if ! doors are left op51 ,i %all he>4 ,yes1 & ,m>y c play to y2 = ,i %all be c>ry+ ,belle (f pretty soon1 said ,philip4 ,no1 inde$1 said mamma1 %e c't g till aft] ,*ri/mas2 s y w h to come back & sp5d ,*ri/mas ) u4 ,x w be a great drawback to our ,*ri/mas1 hav+ ,fanny up/airs1 said ,isabel4 ,yes1 return$ mamma2 b if %e recov]s1 we %all h no reason to compla94 ,i h be5 tell+ ,isabel t %e ought to h ! baby baptiz$ :ile ,philip is "h1 said ,george4 ,nons5se1 ,george6 repli$ 8 "m2 nobody ?9ks z y d1 & :y w y be =c+ y\r peculi> notions ^u u8 ,& s ! sugge/ion pass$ & 0 ?\ght ( no m4 ,put him d[n & let me kiss him1 said ,fanny2 de> little fell[6 ,i wi% ,i c\ld take him4 ,b %e knew x 0 impossible1 & %e made no objection :51 aft] a few m9utes1 ,mrs4 ,h>tl& put !m all out ( ! room4 #eeg ,t ev5+1 :5 ! baby 0 put to b$1 ,mrs4 ,h>tl& ?\ght he seem$ dull2 b ?is 0 natural en\gh2 nurse said he 0 sleepy4 ,he slept v well & 0 bright 9 ! morn+1 b t[>d night became dull aga94 ,ano!r day br\ght no improvem5t1 & ,mrs4 ,h>tl& became uneasy4 ,%e consult$ ! doctor1 & /rictly foll[$ 8 sugge/ions1 b ! symptoms 7 only aggravat$4 ,%e did n l to %[ ,belle h] anxiety1 & propos$ tak+ ! baby h]self into ,fanny's vacant room1 9 ord]1 %e said1 t ,isabel ne$ n be di/urb$4 ,= two nights %e wat*$ & t5d$ him1 h>dly sleep+ h]self until daylight1 :5 %e suff]$ ,mrs4 ,reilly to take h] place4 ,mrs4 ,reilly 0 a k9d1 prud5t1 mo!rly woman1 & v fond ( ,mrs4 ,h>tl&'s *ildr51 mo/ ( :om _h be5 wa%$ & dress$ by h] = ! fir/ "t 9 _! lives4 ,%e 0 also a ,ca?olic4 ,! second night ,george sat 9 8 room till v late1 read+4 ,%ortly be=e midnight1 he w5t to b$1 & slept uneasily = two or ?ree h\rs1 !n rose1 & f9d+ t x want$ "s m9utes to f\r o'clock1 he dress$1 & resum$ 8 read+1 li/5+ ! :ile till "s "o 9 ! h\se %\ld /ir4 ,soon aft] ! great hall-clock /ruck five1 ,mrs4 ,reilly left ,isabel's room v s(tly1 & w5t into ,fanny's to take ! baby4 ,george wait$ until he he>d 8 "m pass f ! little room into h] own1 & close ! door4 ,!n he w5t d[n-/airs & into ,fanny's room1 :]e ,mrs4 ,reilly sat ) ! poor little suff]+ *ild ^u h] lap4 ,is !re any *ange8 he ask$4 ,%e %ook h] head4 ,he'll n live till night1 ,mr4 ,george1 %e :isp]$4 ,poor ,miss ,belle6 :at w %e d8 ,mrs4 ,reilly c\ld n get ov] h] habit ( call+3 ,isabel ,miss ,belle4 ,did y ev] baptize a *ild1 ,mrs4 ,reilly8 ,inde$ ,i h1 sir4 ,!n y c d x once m1 said he1 smil+ sadly4 ,we mu/ n let ?is *ild die )\t baptism4 ,& he p\r$ wat] into ! bas91 & br\ght x to h]4 ,& ! humble ,iri% nurse p]=m$ ^? sacr$ acts :i*1 by ! p[] ( ! ,^w made fle%1 sanctify ! s\l4 ,george replac$ ! bas91 kiss$ ! little creature ^u ^: head ! baptismal wat] 0 /ill gli/5+1 & return$ to 8 own room z sil5tly z he came4 ,isabel slept heavily & uneasily1 & woke unrefre%$ & ) a vague s5se ( appreh5sion4 ,%e rose on he>+ ! bell r+ = family pray]s1 & he>+ h] bro!rs g d[n-/airs %e dress$ languidly & w5t into ! next room4 ,! babe /ill lay ^u ! pill[ 9 ! nurse's lap1 &1 al?\gh ! breakfa/-bell _h already rung1 ,m>y 0 sitt+ 9 ! w9d[1 look+ sil5tly & ) fold$ arms at ! sick *ild4 ,:y1 he seems s sick1 said ,isabel1 ) a tone & look ( pa9 & al>m4 ,yes1 said ,m>y1 he is v sick4 ,m>y _h always help$ h] "m m ?an ,belle 9 tak+ c>e ( ! little ones1 & %e knew bett] ?an h] si/] h[ to judge ( illness4 ,isabel ask$ sev]al que/ions1 to :i* ,mrs4 ,reilly gave only ! mo/ vague & cauti\s answ]s4 ,! fa9t r+ ( silv] 0 he>d 9 ! hall4 ,!re is y\r breakfa/1 ,belle1 de>1 said ,m>y1 g into y\r own room & take "s c(fee2 y ought n to be /&+ ab\t "h )\t hav+ tak5 any?+4 ,o de>6 said ,isabel1 ,i don't want any breakfa/4 ,i wond] :5 ,philip w come1 & :at w he say to see ! baby s sick8 #eeh ,aft] a few mom5ts1 %e foll[$ h] si/]'s advice4 ,me*anically %e put ! sug> & cream into ! c(fee1 & _h j drunk x (f1 & pu%$ away ! little /&1 :5 ! door op5$ & ,philip ent]$4 ,:]e is he8 & 8 face ( agony & con/]nation told all4 ,he _h be5 s5t =1 & %e knew :y4 ,oh6 no1 no1 !y don't ?9k he w die1 cri$ ,isabel passionately1 ?r[+ h]self into ,philip's arms2 !y don't ?9k he w die6 ,o my d>l+6 my baby6 my beautiful boy6 ,& %e ru%$ into ! next room4 ,h] grief 0 t]rible to witness1 & ,philip _h to comm& himself4 ,he has *ang$ a good deal s9ce daylight1 said ,mrs4 ,reilly1 look+ up at ,philip2 b %e 0 sorry %e _h look$1 & ha/ily turn$ h] eyes aga9 ^u ! *ild4 ,pres5tly ,mrs4 ,h>tl& came 91 & insi/$ t ,philip %\ld g d[n & h "s breakfa/1 & he felt b\nd to obey4 ,isabel 0 /unn$4 ,x _h nev] ent]$ h] head t he c\ld die2 he 0 s /rong & bright & beautiful1 & he 0 h]s4 ,%e ?rew h]self helplessly ^u ! c\*1 & c>$ = no?+4 ,by & by %e rememb]$ t n[ %e c\ld see him = a little :ile1 b t soon %e c\ld see him no m1 & %e rose & w5t into ! room4 ,george & ,philip 7 bo? !re4 ,! quiet little =m lay sweetly1 z 9 sleep1 ^u ! :ite c\nt]pane ( ,fanny's cot4 ,dea? _h only beautifi$ him4 ,! t9y wax5 h&s clasp$ ^u ! brea/1 almo/ z :ite z ! :ite rosebud !y enfold$1 ! smile ( beatitude ^u ! face1 ! beautiful =ehead1 ! clos$ eyes ) _! long la%es--no pa91 no sorr[1 ! ineffable peace !re1 contra/+ ) ! tumult ( agony 9 h] own s\l1 br\ght ! te>s to ,belle's eyes4 ,george c\ld n help ?9k+ ( 8 own little bro!r1 j ab\t z old1 :om1 ye>s ago1 he _h se5 ly+ 9 ! same way 9 t v room1 ^u ^: head ! baptismal wat] _h nev] fall52 & he ?\ght ,isabel v happy4 ,& ?us 0 laid away1 till ! morn+ ( ! resurrection1 ! fair casket :i* _h enclos$1 = s %ort a "t1 a beautiful s\l4 ,isabel's room 0 neatly set 9 ord]4 ,x 0 ! brighte/ & prettie/ *amb] 9 ! h\se1 b x look$ empty & desolate1 ?\gh ! family incl9$ to congregate !re1 e "o wi%+ to d some?+ to com=t _! poor si/]4 ,x is five weeks to-day s9ce my little d>l+ 0 born1 said ,isabel2 h[ pr\d & happy ,i 0 only a week ago1 %[+ him to ,fanny4 ,george seem$ 9 a rev]ie1 b aft] a mom5t he said1 ,& x is a ye> to-day s9ce ,i return$ f ,valp>aiso4 ,belle fix$ a look ( angui% ^u h] bro!r's face1 & !n wept bitt]ly1 until hav+ /opp$1 app>5tly f m]e exhau/ion1 %e said1 ,i h be5 prop]ly puni%$4 ,:at d y mean1 ,belle de>8 ,i mean ,i h be5 puni%$ = mak+ s light ( "o little life1 or r1 = my own life-long selfi%ness1 said %e1 look+ at ,annie :o 0 play+ ^u ! c>pet4 ,george look$ at ,isabel ) mu* conc]n & t5d]ness1 b said no?+4 #eei ,i des]ve to be puni%$1 ,i "k1 ,george4 ,i h be5 p]fectly selfi%4 ,i h ?\ght m1 all my life long1 ab\t dress & vanity & pleasure ?an ab\t any?+ else 9 ! _w4 ,i h be5 a memb] ( ! *ur* & h _h a class 9 ! ,sunday-s*ool1 & ,i h ?\ght myself a v good ,*ri/ian2 b ,i h really occupi$ all my life 9 ?9k+ h[ ,i %\ld contrive to look pretti] & to dress bett] ?an o!rs1 & to secure my p]sonal gratification4 ,& ,i h always ?\ght ev]y?+ a nuisance t has /ood 9 my way4 ,:5 ! de> baby came1 ,i h be5 ?9k+ ev] s9ce he 0 born h[ ,i %\ld dress him & make him look pretty--& n[ ! body t ,i ?\ght s mu* (-- ,%e /opp$ & sobb$ aga94 ,don't make y\rself s unhappy1 my d>l+ si/]1 said ,george t5d]ly1 z he rose & kiss$ h]4 ,%e seem$ soo!d1 & pres5tly ceas$ weep+4 ,& = my ,*ri/mas gift ?is ye>1 ,i h t little grave4 ,de> ,belle1 y mu/ n be too h>d ^u y\rself2 ! gifts ( ,god are z _m z ! s&s ^u ! sea-%ore1 & "o hone/ sight ( "o's self is a ,*ri/mas gift wor? hav+4 ,ev5 if we ?9k we are puni%$1 8 *a/isem5ts are always gifts1 if we "k h[ to receive !m2 my de> si/]1 isn't x s8 ,i h he>d s times en\gh f ! pulpit1 said ,belle1 ?r\gh h] te>s2 b y "k1 ,george1 ,i h nev] ?\ght ab\t ^? ?+s4 ,& !n1 my baby's s\l1 :i* ,i c>$ s little ab\t--de> ,george1 d y really ?9k x makes any diff]5ce8 ,:at1 de>8 ,:e!r he 0 baptiz$ or n8 ,i don't ?9k any?+ ab\t x1 my d>l+ si/]2 ,i "k t x makes all ! diff]5ce betwe5 go+ in/antly to ! heav5 ( heav5s1 :]e ,god is1 & /ay+1 p]haps = ev] & ev]1 9 a place :i*1 ?\gh n an unhappy place1 is by no means s happy z ! v pres5ce-*amb] ( ! ,k+ ( k+s4 ,b y ne$ n grieve ab\t t2 = he 0 baptiz$1 & y\r little d>l+ has gone to keep a joyful ,*ri/mas 9 heav54 ,& !n he told ,belle h[ he came d[n t morn+1 & h[ ,mrs4 ,reilly _h baptiz$ ! *ild4 ,isabel li/5$ & wept & seem$ com=t$4 ,i am sure ,i ?ank y1 de> ,george1 y are always s k9d & ?\ghtful4 ,i "k fa!r & "m don't ?9k x makes ! lea/ diff]5ce 9 ! _w1 & ,i don't "k :y ,i %\ld tr\ble myself ab\t x2 b /ill1 n[ t ,i h lo/ him1 ,i c't be> to ?9k t any?+ 0 left undone :i* c\ld h be5 done to 8 possible advantage4 ,& !n ,philip--,philip is a great deal bett] ?an ,i am2 ,i h ?\ght v (t51 ,george1 ( :at y said la/ ye> ab\t ,philip be+ a gift to me--a gift f ,god2 he really is v good1 & he seem$ to feel s badly because baby 0 n baptiz$4 ,our bless$ ,savi\r has giv5 u ! sacram5t ( baptism = some?+1 no d\bt1 said ,george1 & x is tak+ consid]able ^u ourselves1 %ort-sight$ creatures z we are1 to pron\nce t x is ( no consequ5ce to any "o1 ev5 to a babe a day old4 ,b y mu/ be com=t$ n[1 my d>l+ si/]1 & rememb] t ,god has giv5 y ?is ye> = y\r ,*ri/mas gift1 n m]ely t little grave1 b a spotless s\l be=e 8 ?rone1 :o w nev] cease to pray = y & ,philip until y are s happy z to arrive !re y\rselves4 ,!n b5d+ ov] h]1 he made ! sign ( ! cross on h] fair =ehead1 & 9 8 he>t invok$ on h] ^? ,*ri/mas b5$ictions :i* fai? alone c give4 ---------- #efj ,! ,am]ican ,college ,9 ,rome4 ,we design1 9 ! few foll[+ re to call ! att5tion ( our read]s to a "w :i* is 9 process ( execution 9 ?is c\ntry at pres5t1 to secure an end[m5t = ! ,am]ican ,college 9 ! ,et]nal ,city4 ,9 ! e>ne/ appeal :i* w be f\nd at ! end ( ?is article1 made by ! mo/ ,rev4 ,ar*bi%op ( ,baltimore & ! ,rt4 ,rev4 ,bi%op ( ,philadelphia1 9 ! "n ( _! bre?r5 ( ! ,episcopate1 to ! m weal?y among our ,am]ican ,ca?olics1 ! reasons are pla9ly /at$ :y ?is %\ld be done4 ,! voice ( our prelates is to u ! voice ( ,god2 & we believe t we are fur!r+ ! designs ( 8 provid5ce 9 su/a9+ ?is in/itution1 :i* 0 f\nd$ by ! ,holy ,fa!r = ! b5efit ( ! ,ca?olics ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,we h _h ! college 9 ,rome = "s ye>s1 & we are n[ call$ ^u to decide :e!r we %all p]mit x to be clos$ = want ( prop] support1 & ?us %[ t we are n able to appreciate ! gift ( 8 ,hol9ess1 to ma9ta9 ! ,college :5 he has giv5 ! build+1 to d our %>e :5 he has s g5]\sly done 84 ,! prelates h plac$ ! :ole "q ) admirable practical wisdom be=e u4 ,_! plan is bo? gr& & feasible1 & is *>act]iz$ by t en]gy ( purpose1 zeal = religion1 & atta*m5t to ! real progress ( ! *ur*1 :i* em95tly di/+ui% ! hi]>*y1 ! cl]gy1 & ! fai?ful ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x is n necess>y to recapitulate ! argum5ts :i* are conta9$ 9 ! circul>1 = !y speak = !mselves4 ,ref]5ce1 h[ev]1 may be briefly made to "s ( ! imm5se advantages :i* are enjoy$ by ! "y ,levites br\ght up 9 ! c5tre ( unity1 z ,samuel ( old )9 ! prec9cts ( ! temple4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! con/ant pres5ce ( ! visible head ( ! *ur* ^u e>? rem9ds !m cont9ually ( our bless$ ,"l's promises to 8 fir/ ,vic>1 s p]fectly fulfill$ 9 ! long l9e ( 8 successors1 ! gates ( hell cont9ually /riv+ b nev] prevail+ aga9/ !m1 & excites 9 _! he>ts t true devotion to ! ,holy ,see :i* is ! sure/ te/ ( or?odoxy1 z x is ! mo/ p]fect safegu>d aga9/ error4 ,:]ev] !y turn1 !y behold ! evid5ces ( ! victory a*iev$ by ! fai? ( ,*ri/ ov] paganism & infidelity4 ,! despis$ cross has fully conqu]$4 ,! /ud5t 9 ,rome is cont9ually rem9d$ ( ! imm5se revolution :i* took place fir/ 9 ,rome1 :5 ,con/ant9e embrac$ ! fai? ( ,*ri/1 & ! ,caes>s gave place to ! pontiffs1 & hea!n temples 7 conv]t$ to ! wor%ip ( ! "o true ,god1 & ,rome became ! c5tre ( ano!r empire gr&] f> ?an ! "o ( :i* %e 0 ! c5tre be=e1 :i* /ret*es f sea to sea1 & f ! riv] to ! ends ( ! e>?4 ,!re is some?+1 moreov]1 9 ! atmosph]e ( ,rome provocative ( /udy2 nor is !re want+ t g5]\s competition :i* s]ves to awak5 e en]gy 9 ! endeavor to excel 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( le>n+4 ,rome is1 9 ?is s5se1 an intellectual ar5a 9 :i* cont5d bright intellects f all p>ts ( ! kn[n _w1 ^: p[]s are br\ght out & /r5g!n$ by _! v ex]cise4 #efa ,n only are !re _m advantages to be enjoy$ !re 9 a lit]>y & intellectual po9t ( view1 b ev5 great] 9 a spiritual4 ,:]e else are ! great fe/ivals ( our holy religion celebrat$ ) ! spl5dor & magnific5ce t !y are !re8 ,:]e else is ,god aw>d$ ! fir/ place1 & religion p>am\nt8 ,:]e else is devotion to ! bless$ sacram5t practis$ z x is 9 ,rome8 ,to say no?+ ( ! c\ntless masses1 ( ! *ur*es op5 f e>ly dawn to dusk2 ! kneel+ wor%ipp]s2 no day 9 ! ye> b :at1 9 ! beautiful devotion ( ! ,=ty ,h\rs1 ! bless$ sacram5t is expos$ to ! adoration ( ! fai?ful--n[ "h1 n[ !re--! ,son ( ,god ^u 8 e>?ly ?rone2 lights burn+ z !y burn n[h]e else2 & ! sil5t ?rong ador+1 wor%ipp+1 ?ank+1 pray+4 ,!n ! int5se devotion to ! ,bless$ ,virg91 ! ,madonna at e /reet corn]1 9 e %op1 9 e h\se1 & ! light :i* love & rev]5ce h light$1 burn+ be=e x4 ,x has well be5 said t ! bus9ess ( ,rome is pray]4 ,:at an advantage = "o :o mu/ labor 9 a c\ntry l ours1 fill$ ) e =m ( religi\s error1 to h ^! memories to fall back ^u1 to enc\rage him 9 ! mid/ ( ! contradiction ( ^! dogmas ( our holy fai? 9 :i* he has to dwell1 to /imulate bo? himself & ! flock committ$ to 8 c>e to imitate ! example ( f]v5t piety & devotion :i* ,rome sets to ! _w4 ,h[ p[]ful !re1 too1 ! example ( ! sa9ts6 ,n[h]e else s mu* z 9 ,rome does ! tru? spok5 by ! apo/le1 t we are ! fell[-citiz5s ( ! sa9ts & ! dome/ics ( ,god1 come home to u2 we seem to /& 9 _! foot/eps1 f ! m>tyrs :o laid d[n _! lives dur+ ! fe>ful p]secutions ( ! fir/ ?ree c5turies to ! confessors & virg9s almo/ ( our own day4 ,!re lie1 side by side1 ! bodies ( ! great apo/les1 ,pet] & ,paul2 ( ,pet]1 :o receiv$ f our bless$ ,"l ! *>ge ( ! %eep & lambs ( 8 flock2 ( ,paul1 miracul\sly conv]t$ to fai? 9 ,him ^: foll[]s he _h p]secut$2 :o1 9 turn1 became ! great in/rum5t 9 ! h&s ( ,god ( prea*+ t holy fai? & lead+ ?\s&s to embrace x4 ,!re1 9 t amphi!atre1 ! m>tyrs 7 torn 9 pieces by wild bea/s f ! ,libyan des]ts4 ,!re1 9 ^? catacombs1 _! bodies 7 rev]5tly laid4 ,"h1 "o m>tyr aft] ano!r suff]$4 ,!re is ! re/+-place ( ,lawr5ce1 ( ,seba/ian1 ( ,agnes1 ( ,cecily4 ,"h liv$ ^? holy popes ^: names are f\nd 9 ! cal5d>s ( ! sa9ts2 &1 to come ne>] home to our own day1 !re ,/4 ,ignatius liv$2 "h ,/4 ,aloysius & ,/4 ,/anislaus ,ko/ka pass$ _! angelic lives1 & brea!d out _! pure s\ls to ,god4 ,?is 0 ! home ( ,/4 ,philip ,n]i1 ! apo/le ( ,rome2 "h he prea*$1 said mass1 & he>d confession4 ,b ! li/ is too long1 & we mu/ /op4 ,let ! examples giv5 suffice4 ,!re c be no "q ( ! advantages ( su* influ5ces z ^! ^u ! lives ( ^? :o are surr\nd$ by !m1 & specially ^u ^? :o are to be consecrat$ to ,god 9 ! s]vice ( 8 sanctu>y4 #efb ,ano!r po9t mu/ be rememb]$1 & t is1 t z ,rome is to u :at ,j]usalem 01 "u ! old disp5sation1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 ! place :i!r ! tribes ( ! e>? g up1 s x is v desirable t e nation %\ld h a college !re :i* %\ld s]ve z a k9d ( headqu>t]s to repres5t !m1 & to :i* p]sons com+ f t nation c\ld g1 & feel t !y 7 at home4 ,?us1 ! ,engli%man naturally f9ds 8 way to ! ,engli% college1 ! ,iri%man to ! ,iri%1 & s on2 & he f9ds ^? !re :o c speak to him 9 8 own tongue1 & to :om he c apply = advice & in=mation4 ,aga91 at ,rome are ! lim9a apo/olorum1 :i* e bi%op is b\nd to visit at c]ta9 p]iods ( 8 episcopate4 ,we h n[ betwe5 =ty & fifty bi%ops 9 ?is c\ntry1 & f "t to "t !y g ?i!r1 z ,paul did to see ,pet]1 to expose to ! ,*ief ,pa/or ! condition ( _! flocks1 to consult ) him1 & to obta9 = !mselves & _! flocks ! bless+ ( ! ,vic> ( our ,"l ^u e>?4 ,dur+ ! late ga!r+ at ,rome1 f\rte5 ( our bi%ops 7 lodg$ at ! ,am]ican ,college4 ,dur+ ! com+ c\ncil !re %\ld be m2 & at o!r ?an ^! special times !re w be sometimes "o1 sometimes ano!r ( our bi%ops !re1 n = himself1 b = u2 & ?is alone %\ld be a /rong argum5t :y ! college %\ld be su/a9$1 t z ! bi%ops ( o!r nations h homes 9 ,rome1 s ours %\ld h "o too4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 !n1 ab\t ! advantages ( ! college & ! importance ( ma9ta9+ x4 ,x involves an outlay ( money1 b ! return w be sure & great4 ,!re is no m press+ ne$ at ! pres5t "t ?an t :i* ?is college1 ) _m o!rs1 supplies1 namely1 an increas$ numb] ( prie/s4 ,!re are five millions ( ,ca?olics 9 ?is c\ntry1 & x is impossible t ) s _m to prev5t x1 & specially ( ! class n[ call$ ^u1 ! necessity ( clos+ ! college %\ld occur4 ,we are pr\d ( our c\ntry1 ( its lakes1 & its riv]s1 & its m\nta9s1 surpass$ n[h]e 9 ! _w4 ,let u n be cont5t ) ^! natural excell5ces :i* are n ( our mak+1 b come to u f ! h& ( ,god4 ,let u try to excel 9 ^? ?+s :i* are "u our control--9 virtue1 9 le>n+1 & 9 all t makes man great & good2 & 9 ?is p>ticul> in/ance let u try to excel ! o!r nations 9 our college 9 ,rome4 ,let x be a model 9 discipl9e1 9 _s1 & 9 intellectual culture4 ,let u try to make x ! lead+ college 9 ?is respect1 & also 9 ! numb] ( /ud5ts4 ,9 ?is po9t let x be second only to ! ,propag&a4 ,let u n be satisfi$ until we h x fully e/abli%$1 & at lea/ a hundr$ /ud5ts )9 its walls4 ,t ?is may be accompli%$1 we call ! att5tion ( our read]s to ! appeal1 & tru/ t e "o :o is able w take "p 9 ?is great und]tak+ to ! utmo/ ( 8 ability4 ,appeal ,to ,! ,m ,weal?y ,among ,! ,ca?olics ,( ,! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,belov$ ,*ildr5 ,9 ,*ri/3 ,y are aw>e t "s ye>s ago ! clu/] ( ,national ,colleges 9 ,rome 0 increas$ by "o1 & t "o 0 ! ,college repres5t+ our own nation4 ,almo/ e nation _h previ\sly be5 repres5t$ !re3 ! ,iri%1 ! ,engli%1 ! ,scot*1 ! ,fr5*1 ! ,g]mans1 ! ,s\? ,am]icans1 etc4 ,at la/ ! defici5cy 0 suppli$1 ?r\gh ! munific5ce ( our belov$ ,pontiff1 ,pius ,,ix41 :o g5]\sly be/[$ a spaci\s & c5trally locat$ site = ! purpose4 ,our ,college 0 op5$1 & x has already tra9$ a numb] ( prie/s = ! ,am]ican ,mission2 :ile x has also be5 a place to :i* ,am]icans 9 ,rome1 no matt] :at _! fai?1 might resort1 & feel t !y 7 at home4 #efc ,un=tunately1 h[ev]1 suffici5t means 7 n provid$1 at ! comm5cem5t1 to e/abli% ! ,college on a solid basis2 & aft] /ruggl+ on = "s ye>s1 x is n[ 9 imm95t dang] ( be+ clos$4 ,x w\ld be "o ?+ nev] to h _h ! ,college1 b x is ano!r altoge!r to h _h x & to lose x4 ,?is latt] cont+5cy1 besides be+ a great disgrace to u1 w\ld be also an irrep>able loss to ! c\ntry4 ,! late ,pl5>y ,c\ncil ord]$ a g5]al collection = ! relief ( ! imm$iate wants ( ! ,college2 nor is x our int5tion to sup]s$e ?is collection1 b r to aid x t[>d effectually accompli%+ ! object 9 view4 ,?is collection w /ill be necess>y to pay debts already incurr$1 & to provide = press+ ne$s4 ,b1 9 addition to ! g5]al collection1 :i* we hope w soon be tak5 up1 x has be5 sugge/$ to propose to our weal?i] ,ca?olics1 = _! imitation 9 ?is matt]1 ! noble example ( _! =efa!rs 9 ! fai?1 :o did great ?+s = religion & = ,god4 ,in/ances ( ?is occur 9 ,rome itself1 :]e1 besides sev]al o!r colleges = v>i\s nationalities1 f\nd$ pr9cipally by ! munific5ce ( p>ticul> weal?y ,ca?olics to re> up prie/s = _! respective c\ntries1 ! ,engli% ,college1 s9ce su* a bless+ to ! ,engli% nation1 0 f\nd$ by ,ina & by ,(fa1 ,saxon pr9ces1 fir/ z a re/+-place = ,engli% pilgrims1 & !n z a nurs]y to tra9 up prie/s = ! ,engli% ,mission4 ,9 ^? days1 k+s & pr9ces1 & m5 ( weal? will+ly f\nd$ & end[$ *ur*es1 colleges1 asylums1 hospitals1 in/itutions ( religion1 le>n+1 & *>ity1 ^: v ru9s1 9 l&s :]e !y h be5 all[$ to g to ru91 are monum5ts ( =m] ,ca?olic munific5ce :ile !y are a reproa* to our own deg5]ate days4 ,x has be5 ?\ght t1 at ?is juncture1 ?is glori\s example ( our ance/ors w\ld be promptly imitat$2 & t an appeal made to ^? ,ca?olics 9 ?is c\ntry1 :om ,god has bless$ ) abundant means1 to come to ! rescue1 & n only to save ! ,college1 b to put x at once on a s\nd & sub/antial basis1 w\ld n be made 9 va91 b w\ld be g5]\sly respond$ to4 ,x is ) ?is view1 t we make our e>ne/ appeal to y at ?is "t1 & propose a plan :i*1 we ?9k1 ) y\r co-op]ation1 w be successful 9 spe$ily f\nd+ & end[+ ! ,am]ican ,college 9 ,rome4 ,we urge ! matt] ^u y ! m /rongly1 z next ye> ! great ,g5]al ,c\ncil is to be conv5$ 9 ,rome1 & we are to meet ! bi%ops ( ! :ole _w 9 "o ( ^? gr& assemblies :i* m>k an era 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,univ]sal ,*ur*4 ,to ! ,c\ncils ( ,nice1 ,ephesus1 ,*alc$on1 ,lat]an1 ,lyons1 ,flor5ce1 & ,tr5t1 is to be add$ t ( ! ,vatican4 ,let u1 be=e we g to ! ,holy ,city1 h ! consolation ( kn[+ t1 ?r\gh y\r munific5ce1 we h a college !re to :i* we c pr\dly po9t1 z bi%ops ( a great ,ca?olic p2 let u be sp>$ ! disgrace ( go+ ?i!r to f9d its doors clos$1 & its "n blott$ out f ! li/ ( ,national ,colleges exi/+ 9 ! ,et]nal ,city4 ,we confid5tly appeal to y z ,ca?olics & z ,am]icans1 lov+ y\r religion & y\r c\ntry1 t ?is may n be s4 ,surely1 ! means ) :i* ,god has bless$ y c be appli$ to no high] or holi] purpose ?an ?is2 nor c !re be any :i* w draw d[n ^u y & y\r families a m abundant bless+ ( heav54 ,! pray]s & holy sacrifices :i* w be *e]fully (f]$ up 9 y\r behalf by ^? :o1 ?r\gh y\r b\nty1 w be tra9$ up = ! holy m9i/ry1 _c fail to draw d[n ^u y heav5's *oice/ b5$ictions4 ,our plan1 !n1 is briefly ?is3 ,we wi% to raise f #bej1jjj to #cjj1jjj4 ,we h appo9t$1 z our ag5t 9 ! matt]1 ! ,rev4 ,g4 ,h4 ,doane1 ,*ancellor ( ! ,diocese ( ,new>k1 to visit all ! pr9cipal dioceses ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & call ^u ^? :o are mo/ able1 to contribute _! subscriptions4 ,we propose t ( ^! g5]\s contributors to a noble "w !re %\ld be ?ree classes3 #a4 ,f\nd]s ,( ,burses2 :o w contribute1 once = all1 five ?\s& doll>s 9 curr5cy1 yield+ some?+ ov] two hundr$ doll>s1 9 gold1 ( ye>ly int]e/2 & :o w h ! "r ( select+1 f ^? :o w be recomm5d$ & approv$ ( _! respective bi%ops = ?is purpose1 "o /ud5t ( ! ,college = ev]4 #b4 ,patrons2 :o w contribute "o ?\s& doll>s1 once = all1 & w be entitl$ to s5d a /ud5t1 approv$ ( by ! bi%op1 = ?ree ye>s4 #c4 ,life ,memb]s2 :o1 by contribut+ five hundr$ doll>s1 w %>e 9 ! holy sacrifices & pray]s ( ! ,college & ( ! /ud5ts4 ,! names ( all ^! ?ree classes w be enroll$1 & plac$ 9 a h&some frame1 to be kept 9 ! ,*apel ( ! ,am]ican ,college2 & solemn high mass w be celebrat$ = !m 9 ,rome twice a ye>--once = ! liv+ & once = ! deceas$ b5efactors2 besides ! private masses :i* ! prie/s educat$ at ! ,college w feel impell$ by gratitude to (f] up frequ5tly = _! respective patrons & b5efactors & _! families4 #efd ,?is plan1 if zeal\sly & effici5tly c>ri$ out1 w1 we are conv9c$1 accompli% ! desir$ result 9 v %ort "t4 ,"o ,ca?olic g5tleman 9 ,baltimore has already f\nd$ a ,burse1 & o!rs w foll[ 8 good example4 ,we believe t we c safely calculate on ! foll[+ am\nts to be realiz$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 "u ! ?ree heads above nam$3 ,tw5ty ,burses1 at #e1jjj---- #ajj1jjj ,"o ,hundr$ ,patrons1 at #a1jjj---- #ajj1jjj ,"o ,hundr$ ,life ,memb]s1 at #ejj4---- #ej1jjj ,total #bej1jjj ,! rev]5d fa!r to :om we h entru/$ ?is important matt]1 & 9 ^: zeal & effici5cy we h ! utmo/ confid5ce1 w call ^u y dur+ ! c\rse ( ! com+ w9t]4 ,y w1 we are q sure1 receive him wor?ily1 z our repres5tative2 & y w enable him1 we tru/1 to return to u ) fre% & abundant pro(s ( y\r well-kn[n g5]osity & self-sacrifice1 & ) an ample & suffici5t sum n only to save1 b to end[1 & r5d] p]petual = all "t1 our ,am]ican ,college 9 ,rome4 ,m4 ,j4 ,spald+1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,baltimore1 & ,*airman ( ,metropolitans4 ,j4 ,f4 ,wood1 ,bi%op ( ,philadelphia1 ,*airman ,executive ,committee ( ,bi%ops1 & ,treasur]4 ,baltimore1 ,fea/ ( ! ,pres5tation ( ! ,bless$ ,virg91 #ahfh4 ,lett] ,( ,rev4 ,george ,h4 ,doane4 ,hav+ be5 appo9t$ by ! ,mo/ ,rev4 ,ar*bi%op ( ,baltimore1 & ! ,rt4 ,rev4 ,bi%op ( ,philadelphia1 z ,*airm5 respectively ( ,metropolitans1 & ( ! ,executive ,committee ( ,bi%ops1 :o h *>ge ( ! affairs ( ! ,am]ican ,college 9 ,rome1 ) ! duty ( endeavor+ to raise an end[m5t fund = ! ,college1 ,i h1 ) ! cons5t ( my own bi%op1 accept$ ! tru/ :i* !y h confid$ to me1 & propose to ent] ^u ! "w at once4 ,be=e ,*ri/mas ,i hope to visit1 ) ! cons5t ( ! ,ar*bi%ops & ,bi%ops ( ^? ,sees1 ,baltimore1 ,philadelphia1 ,albany1 ,bo/on1 & ,h>t=d2 dur+ ! holidays1 ,new-,york1 ,brooklyn1 & ,new>k2 & ab\t ! middle ( ,janu>y to />t = ! ,nor?1 ,we/1 & ,s\?4 ,love = ,rome1 & ! desire to make "s little return = ! _m bless+s ,i receiv$ :ile a /ud5t 9 "o ( ! ,national ,colleges !re1 7! ,am]ican ,college n hav+ !n be5 f\nd$17 by try+ to procure ! same bless+s to o!rs2 & love = my c\ntry1 ) ! desire to see pres]v$ = h]1 9 ! v he>t ( ! ,et]nal ,city1 a place :]e "s ( h] "y ,levites may gr[ up 9 ! s*ools ( ,rome1 "u ! %ad[ ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 & 9 ! imm$iate pres5ce ( ! ,vic> ( our ,"l ^u e>?1 are ! motives :i* prompt me to und]take ?is ardu\s duty4 ,t x may succe$1 ,i e>ne/ly beg ! pray]s ( ! fai?ful1 ! g5]\s & zeal\s co-op]ation ( all 9 ! good "w1 & remembrance on ! "p ( my fa!rs & bre?r5 at ! alt> ( ,god 9 ! daily sacrifice4 ,g4 ,h4 ,doane4 ---------- #efe ,ca?olicity ,& ,pan!ism4 ,numb] ,?ree4 ,! ,problem ,( ,multiplicity4 ,9 ! developm5t ( ! ,ca?olic idea ( ,god1 :i* we h giv5 9 ! previ\s numb]1 we h met ) no opposition f pan!ism4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 x raises ! mo/ difficult z well z ! mo/ sublime & pr(\nd "q :i* c be propos$ to human intellig5ce--! problem ( multiplicity4 ,we %all let a pan!i/ propose x 9 8 own words4 ,x w be rememb]$ t ! la/ ( ! attributes :i* we v9dicat$ z belong+ to ! inf9ite 0 t ( absolute unity4 ,?is attribute gives rise to ! problem4 ,:at is unity1 says ,c\s91 tak5 by itself8 ,a unity indivisible1 a dead unity1 a unity :i*1 re/+ 9 ! dep?s ( its absolute exi/5ce1 & nev] develop+ itself1 is1 = itself1 z if x 7 n4 ,9 ! same mann]1 :at is v>iety )\t unity8 ,a v>iety :i*1 n be+ ref]able to a unity1 c nev] =m a totality1 or any collection :atev]1 is a s]ies ( indef9ite quantities1 ( ea* ( :i* "o _c say t x is itself & n ano!r1 = ?is w\ld suppose t x is "o2 t is1 x w\ld suppose ! idea ( unity2 s t1 )\t unity1 v>iety also is z if x 7 n4 ,behold :at v>iety or unity isolat$ w\ld produce2 ! "o is necess>y to ! o!r 9 ord] to exi/ ) true exi/5ce2 ) t exi/5ce1 :i* is nei!r multiple1 v>i\s1 mobile1 or negative exi/5ce2 nor t absolute1 et]nal1 inf9ite exi/5ce1 :i* is1 z x 71 ! negation ( exi/5ce4 ,e true exi/5ce1 e reality1 is 9 ! union ( ^! two elem5ts2 al?\gh1 ess5tially1 ! "o may be sup]ior & ant]ior to ! o!r4 ,y _c sep>ate v>iety f unity1 nor unity f v>iety2 !y necess>ily coexi/4 ,b h[ d !y coexi/8 ,unity is ant]ior to multiplicity2 h[ !n has unity be5 able to admit multiplicity8 ,footnote #afb ,footnote #afb3 ,c\s9's ,hi/ory ( ,mod]n ,philosophy4 ,aga93 ,reason1 9 :atev] way x may occupy itself1 c conceive no?+1 except "u ! condition ( two ideas1 :i* preside ov] ! ex]cise ( its activity2 ! idea ( ! unit1 & ! idea ( ! multiple2 ( ! f9ite & ! inf9ite2 ( be+ & ( appe>+2 ( sub/ance & ( ph5om5on2 ( absolute cause & ( second>y causes2 ( ! absolute & ( ! relative2 ( ! necess>y & ( ! cont+5t2 ( imm5sity & ( space1 ( et]nity & ( "t4 ,analysis1 9 br++ toge!r all ^! propositions1 9 br++ toge!r1 = example1 all _! fir/ t]ms1 id5tifies !m2 x equally id5tifies all ! second t]ms1 s t1 ( all ^! propositions comp>$ & comb9$1 x =ms a s+le proposition1 a s+le =mula1 :i* is ! =mula itself ( ?\ght1 & :i* y c express1 accord+ to ! case1 by ! unit & by ! multiple1 ! absolute be+ & ! relative be+1 unity & v>iety1 etc4 ,f9ally1 ! two t]ms ( ?is =mula1 s compreh5sive1 d n con/itute a dualism 9 :i* ! fir/ t]m is on "o side1 ! second on ! o!r1 )\t any o!r relation ?an t ( be+ p]ceiv$ at ! same "t by reason4 #eff ,! relation conc]n+ !m is q o!rwise ess5tial1 unity be+ et]nity1 etc42 ! fir/ t]m ( ! =mula is cause also1 & absolute cause2 &1 s f> z absolute cause1 x _c avoid develop+ itself 9 ! second t]m1 multiplicity1 ! f9ite & ! relative4 ,! result ( all ?is is1 t ! two t]ms1 z well z ! relation ( g5]ation :i* draws ! second f ! fir/1 & :i*1 )\t cessation1 ref]s to x1 are ! ?ree integral elem5ts ( reason4 ,x is n 9 ! p[] ( reason1 9 its bolde/ ab/ractions1 to sep>ate any "o ( ^! ?ree t]ms f ! o!rs4 ,try to take away unity1 & v>iety alone is no long] susceptible ( addition--x is ev5 no long] compreh5sible2 or1 try to take away v>iety1 & y h an immovable unity--a unity :i* does n make itself manife/1 & :i*1 ( itself1 is n a ?\ght2 all ?\ght express+ itself 9 a proposition1 & a s+le t]m n suffic+ = a proposition2 9 %ort1 take away ! relation :i* intimately connects v>iety & unity1 & y de/roy ! necess>y tie ( ! two t]ms ( e proposition4 ,we may !n reg>d x z an inconte/able po9t1 t ^! ?ree t]ms are di/9ct b insep>able1 & t !y con/itute at ! same "t a triplicity & an indivisible unity4 ,footnote #afc ,footnote #afc3 ,lecture ,fif?4 ,z ! read] may h obs]v$1 ,c\s9 raises ! problem ( multiplicity4 ,he expresses x "u a logical =m1 b ! problem is a metaphysical "o1 & h5ce applicable to all ord]s1 logical z well z ontological4 ,x is rais$ by all pan!i/s1 ^: words we ab/a9 f quot+ = brevity's sake2 & s f> z ! problem itself is conc]n$1 x is a legitimate "o2 & e "o1 :o has ?\ght deeply on ^! matt]s1 & is n satisfi$ ) m]ely look+ at ! surface ( ?+s1 mu/ accept x4 ,let u put x 9 its cle>e/ light4 ,! inf9ite1 consid]$ m]ely z unity1 actuality1 7all words :i* mean ! same ?+17 c be kn[n nei!r to itself nor to any o!r intellig5ce4 ,x _c be kn[n to itself4 ,= to "k implies ?\ght1 & ?\ght is absolutely impossible )\t a duality ( kn[+ & ( be+ kn[n1 ( subject & ( object4 ,x implies an intellig5ce1 an object1 & a relation betwe5 ! two4 ,if1 !n1 !re is no multiplicity 9 ! inf9ite1 x _c "k itself4 ,x is1 = itself1 z if x 7 n2 = :at is a be+ :i* _c "k itself8 ,nor c x be kn[n to any o!r intellig5ce2 = m]e exi/5ce1 pure unity does n convey any idea necess>y to satisfy ! intellig5ce4 ,moreov]1 ! m]e exi/5ce & unity ( an object does n make x1 on t acc\nt1 intelligible4 ,= an object to be intelligible1 x is requir$ t x %\ld be able to act on ! intellig5ce1 su* be+ ! condition ( intelligibility4 ,footnote #afd ,n[1 action implies already a multiplicity1 a subject & ! action4 ,!re=e1 if ! inf9ite 7 m]e pure unity1 x c\ld n be intelligible to any intellig5ce4 ,b 9 ! supposition t !re is a k9d ( multiplicity 9 ! inf9ite1 h[ w\ld multiplicity be reconcil$ ) unity8 ,h[ w\ld ^! two t]ms agree8 ,footnote #afd3 ,see ,balmes's ,fundam5tal ,philosophy1 on ,intelligibility4 ,multiplicity seems to be a necess>y condition ( ! inf9ite1 )\t :i* x w\ld n be intelligible ei!r to itself or to o!rs4 ,absolute unity seems also to be a necess>y attribute ( ! inf9ite1 & yet ^! two necess>y conditions seem to exclude ea* o!r4 ,h[ !n mu/ we br+ !m toge!r8 #efg ,?is is ! problem to be solv$2 ! gr&e/ & mo/ sublime problem ( philosophy2 :i* has occupi$ e s*ool ( philosophy s9ce man began to turn 8 m9d to philosophical rese>*es4 ,! two great antagoni/s1 pan!ism & ca?olicity1 give an answ] to ! problem1 & x is ! prov9ce ( ?is article to discuss ! two solutions1 & see :i* ( !m c /& ! te/ ( logic1 & really answ] ! problem in/ead ( de/roy+ x4 ,we %all ent] ^u ! discussion1 aft] premis+ a few rem>ks necess>y to ! "r und]/&+ ( ! discussion4 ,! fir/ rem>k :i* we %all make is to call ! att5tion ( ! read] to ! absolute necessity = ! exi/5ce ( ! problem4 ,x is n pan!ism1 nor ,ca?olicity1 :i* arbitr>ily raises ! problem2 x exi/s 9 ! v ess5ce ( be+1 9 ! v ess5ce ( intelligibility4 ,^? philosoph]s :o _c see x may h tak5 a cursory glance ov] "s pages ( :at purports to be philosophy1 b !y nev] und]/ood a ^w ( t :i* really des]ves ! "n ( t sublime sci5ce4 ,we make ?is rem>k = two diff]5t reasons3 ,fir/1 9 ord] to close ! door to all ! objections rais$ aga9/ ! problem4 ,= if x is demon/rat$ t a multiplicity is requir$ 9 ! inf9ite1 !n to raise objections aga9/ x only %[s want ( philosophic dep?1 b does n prove any?+ aga9/ ! exi/5ce ( ! problem4 ,we %all return to ?is subject4 ,! second reason is a consequ5ce ( ! fir/1 to wit1 t %\ld we f9d t ! answ] to ! problem is n z cle> & evid5t z we might desire1 we mu/ n1 on t acc\nt1 reject ! problem1 b %\ld be satisfi$ ) ! light t is af=d$4 ,?is is b reasonable4 ,d5y ! problem we _c4 ,x foll[s !n t we mu/ be satisfi$ ) an answ] :i*1 :il/ x saves ! problem1 ?r[s z mu* light on x z is possible1 "u ! circum/ances4 ,pan!i/ic ,solution ,( ,! ,problem ,( ,multiplicity ,& ,unity ,9 ,! ,inf9ite4 ,pan!ism arrives at inf9ite unity by elim9at+ f x all possible det]m9ation1 def9ition1 reality1 ideality1 ?\ght1 w1 consci\sness2 & ris+ f ab/raction to ab/raction1 f elim9ation to elim9ation1 f a m limit$ indef9it5ess to a high] & broad] & less re/rict$ "o1 up to m]e simple1 unalloy$ ab/raction & unity4 ,all pan!i/s foll[ ! same process 9 ord] to arrive at unity4 ,c\s9 calls x dead1 immovable1 inconceivable2 a ?+ exi/+ z if x 7 n2 ! ,be+--,unreality ( ,hegel4 ,b asc5d$ to su* a summit1 all multiplicity elim9at$1 & pure unalloy$ unity once f\nd1 h[ is multiplicity to be recon/ruct$8 ,) ! greate/ ease 9 ! _w4 ,pan!i/s make ?is ,be+--no?+ unfold & develop itself l a silkworm2 alleg+1 z a reason = su* developm5t1 an intr9sic necessity ( nature1 an imp]ative in/9ct :i* broods 9 its bosom4 ,?us !y recon/ruct multiplicity by mak+ ! ,inf9ite become f9ite1 cosmos1 matt]1 _s1 humanity1 etc4 ,let u he> ,c\s93 ,?is is ! fundam5tal vice ( anci5t & mod]n !ories2 !y place unity on "o side1 & multiplicity on ! o!r2 ! inf9ite & ! f9ite 9 su* an opposition t ! passage f "o to ! o!r seems impossible4 #efh ,&1 aft] hav+ rem>k$ t ?is 0 ! error ( ! s*ool ( ,elea1 he cont9ues3 ,imm5sity or unity ( space1 et]nity or unity ( "t1 unity ( numb]s1 unity ( p]fection1 ! ideal ( all beauty1 ! ,inf9ite1 ! absolute sub/ance1 be+ itself1 is a cause also1 n a relative1 cont+5t1 f9ite cause1 b an absolute cause4 ,n[1 be+ an absolute cause1 x _c avoid pass+ into action4 ,if be+1 9 itself alone1 is giv5 z absolute sub/ance )\t causality1 ! _w is impossible2 b if be+ 9 itself is also a cause & an absolute cause1 movem5t & ! _w naturally foll[4 ,! true absolute is n pure be+ 9 itself2 x is p[] & cause tak5 absolutely1 :i* consequ5tly creates absolutely1 &1 9 develop+ itself1 produces all t y see ar\nd y4 ,we quote ,c\s9 9 pref]5ce to o!rs on acc\nt ( 8 lucidity ( /yle & expressions2 b e "o acqua9t$ ) ! sy/ems ( ! ,g]man pan!i/s kn[s t _! answ] to ! problem ( multiplicity is sub/antially ! same4 ,we ref] ! read]1 9 confirmation ( our ass]tion1 to ! excell5t lectures on ! sy/ems ( ! ,g]man ,pan!i/s1 ( ,he9ri* ,moritz ,*alybu1 pr(essor at ! ,univ]sity ( ,kiel4 ,n[1 does ! answ] resolve ! problem8 ,does x really conciliate unity ) multiplicity 9 ! ,inf9ite8 ,does x really ma9ta9 intact ! two t]ms ( ! problem8 ,we ?9k t x does n1 & ma9ta9 t x de/roys bo? t]ms ( ! problem4 ,! lead+ idea & pr9ciple ( ,pan!ism is t unity is becom+ multiplicity4 ,x is an exi/5ce 9 a cont9ual ex-si/]e 9 an em]g5ce & manife/ation4 ,footnote #afe ,footnote #afe3 ,*alybu' ,lectures1 etc4 ,n[1 :o c fail to p]ceive t if unity is su*1 t is1 unity :5 x is m]ely pot5tial1 :5 x has only ! p[] ( becom+1 ( pass+ into multiplicity1 x is d\btless de/roy$ z soon z x passes f ! p[] into ! act2 or1 9 o!r words1 x is de/roy$ z unity :5 x becomes multiplicity8 ,/rip ?is idea ( a pot5tial unity becom+ actual multiplicity1 /rip x ( all ! logical phantasmagoria ) :i* x has be5 adorn$1 especially by pan!i/s ( ! ,g]man s*ool1 :i* phantasmagoria c only impose ^u ! simple1 & y c see1 z cle>ly z t two & two make f\r1 t ! :ole ?+ am\nts to no?+ b to ?is2 t unity vani%es z soon z x becomes multiplicity4 ,x is ) a special int5tion t we h made use ( ! simile ( ! silkworm4 ,?is poor creature too1 l ! unity ( ! pan!i/s1 has an in/9ct giv5 x by ,god1 ( unfold+ & develop+ itself1 & ! effect ( its op]ation is ! silk :i* s]ves to set (f ! beauty ( man4 ,b un=tunately1 ! process ( developm5t exhau/s ! little creature2 = :5 x is complet$1 ! poor creature dies1 & its developm5t is its dea?1 & its production is its %r\d2 yet1 x has ?is advantage ov] ! unity ( ! pan!i/s1 t its rema9s cont9ue to exi/1 :]eas _! unity evaporates completely 9 multiplicity4 ,to speak m s]i\sly1 x is p]fectly evid5t to e m9d1 t ! answ] ( ! pan!i/s de/roys ! v problem x und]takes to solve4 ,unity is unity s long z x is a pot5cy1 a p[] ( becom+2 x vani%es z soon z x becomes multiplicity4 ,add to ?is1 t _! unity1 to be inf9ite1 mu/ rema9 undef9$1 pot5tial1 & 9 ! possibility ( becom+2 su* be+ _! idea ( ! ,inf9ite4 #efi ,= :i* reason !y elim9ate f x e limitation1 all individuality1 all ?\ght1 all consci\sness4 ,! natural consequ5ce ( ?is pr9ciple mu/ be t x rema9s inf9ite s long z x is wrapp$ up 9 its vagu5ess & indef9it5ess4 ,let x come =? f its indef9it5ess1 let x become def9ite1 limit$1 concrete1 & its inf9ity toge!r ) its unity is gone4 ,x evaporates 9 ! f9ite =ms x assumes4 ,on ! o!r h&1 let x rema9 absorb$ 9 its indef9it5ess1 9 its ab/ractiv5ess1 & consequ5tly1 9 its inf9ity1 & multiplicity c no long] be conceiv$4 ,x is absurd !n to speak ( multiplicity 9 ! ,inf9ite ( ! ,pan!i/s1 s9ce x is cle> t1 :5 x assumes multiplicity1 x c no long] be ei!r inf9ite or "o2 & :5 x rema9s inf9ite x _c be conceiv$ z multiple4 ,all ?is we h said1 conc$+ ! premises ( pan!ism4 ,b we h1 9 ! fir/ article1 demon/rat$ ! foll[+ pr9ciples3 #a/4 ,if ! pan!i/s take _! unity 9 ! s5se ( a pure ab/raction1 a transi5t act1 ! elem5ts ( :i* d n la/ "o s+le in/ant1 x is 9 t case an absolute non5tity1 an utt] unreality1 & !n x is useless to speak ( multiplicity1 s9ce ex nihilo nihil fit4 #b;d4 ,or1 !y suppose _! unity z some?+ really exi/+1 hav+ ! p[] ( gradual developm5t1 & 9 t case we h demon/rat$ t su* a be+ c\ld n develop itself )\t ! aid ( a =eign be+4 ,! premises ( pan!ism !n be+ false1 ! solution ( ! problem falls to ! gr\nd indep5d5tly ( its intr9sic value1 if x h any1 :i* we h %[n x has n4 ,pan!ism _c answ] ! problem ( multiplicity4 ,h[ c we !n atta9 to its solution8 ,we answ]3 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* resolves x1 giv+ su* an explanation ( x z ! f9ite & limit$ intellect ( man may reasonably expect4 ,= ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* does n pret5d to give su* a solution ( ! problem z to enable u ?or\ghly to und]/& x4 ,%e proce$s f two premises1 to wit1 t ,god is inf9ite1 & t man1 necess>ily di/9ct f ,god1 is f9ite1 & !re=e end[$ only ) f9ite intellig5ce4 ,t ^! premises are true1 appe>s evid5t f ! demon/ration we h already giv51 9 :i* we h %[n t ! pan!i/ic idea ( ! inf9ite is ! idea ( f9ite be+ :5 x is n tak5 z mean+ only an ab/raction1 a pure ma!matical po9t4 ,! ideas ( ! inf9ite & ! f9ite exi/1 & !re=e !re mu/ be also objects correspond+ to ^! ideas4 ,we %all return to ?is subject 9 a foll[+ numb]4 ,f ^! two ideas ( ! f9ite & ! ,inf9ite1 x foll[s t man c nev] compreh5d ,god2 or1 9 o!r words1 t ! intellig5ce ( man1 ) ! relation to ,god z its object1 mu/ f9d my/]ies or tru?s above & beyond its capacity4 ,=1 z x is absurd to %ut up a body ( l>ge size 9 a body ( mu* m limit$ size1 suppos+ ! pres5t conditions ( bodies n susp5d$1 s x is absurd to suppose t ! intellect ( man1 limit$ & f9ite1 c\ld grasp or take 9 ,god1 :o is inf9ite4 ,we are aw>e ( ! opposition :i* is made by _m to my/]ies or sup]-intelligible tru?s2 b we insi/ ^u x1 t all su* opposition w\ld vani%1 if m5 w\ld /udy philosophy m deeply & m assidu\sly4 ,:y1 a real philosoph]1 "o :o has s\nd$ ! dep?s ( creation1 & plung$ into ! pr(undity ( ! great ideas ( be+1 ( sub/ance1 ( ! absolute1 ( ! inf9ite1 ! f9ite & ! relative1 into ! ideas ( et]nity1 ( imm5sity1 ( immutability1 ( space & "t1 into ! ideas ( cause1 ( action1 ( movem5t2 "o :o has ent]$ into ! labyr9? ( 8 s\l1 & tri$ to cat* ! fly+ ph5om5a ( its life1 & to analyze all ! fibres ( its consci\sness2 su* a "o meets1 at e /ep1 ) my/]ies1 & ! m he digs into !m1 ! pr(\nd] & ! wid] is ! abyss ly+ at 8 feet4 #egj ,if we %\ld meet ) a man d5y+ my/]ies1 & desir\s to engage 9 a discussion1 we w\ld beg ( him to g & fir/ /udy ! alphabet ( philosophy4 ,! problem1 !n1 propos+ ! reconciliation ( unity ) multiplicity 9 ! ,inf9ite1 is held by ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* z a my/]y1 a tru? :i* _c be ?or\ghly und]/ood by ! human m9d4 ,b1 not)/&+ all ?is1 ! solution :i* ,ca?olic doctr9e af=ds1 ?\gh a my/]y1 is cle> en\gh to be p]ceiv$1 & di/9ct en\gh to make u see ?r\gh ! agreem5t ( ! two t]ms ( ! problem2 s t1 ?r\gh ! help ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 we %all h all ! light ?r[n ^u ! problem 9 "q :i* man may reasonably expect1 see+ t ! object ( ! problem is ! ,inf9ite1 & ! intellect appreh5d+ x only limit$ & f9ite4 ---------- ,new ,publications4 ,philip ,,ii4 ,( ,spa94 ,by ,*>les ,gay>r4 ,au?or ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,l\isiana "u ! ,fr5*1 ,spani%1 & ,am]ican ,dom9ation4 ,) an ,introductory ,lett] by ,george ,bancr(t4 ,new ,york4 #ahff4 ,w4 ,j4 ,widdleton4 #hvo1 pp4 viii4 iv4 #cff4 ,mr4 ,gay>r is n unkn[n among ,am]ican au?ors4 ,( ,spani% orig91 born & nurtur$ 9 ,l\isiana1 he has connect$ 8 "n ) ! hi/ory ( t ,/ate by 8 devotion to its annals4 ,labori\s rese>* has enabl$ him to give to ! _w ?ree volumes1 compris+ ! hi/ory ( ,l\isiana1 "u ,fr5*1 ,spani%1 & ,am]ican dom9ation4 ,un=tunately1 ! fir/ volume 0 tak5 up r z a romance ( hi/ory2 & 9 ! treatm5t ( 8 subject imag9ation is all[$ a scope t ! /rict] s*ools ( hi/ory d5y t faculty4 ,imbu$ to no small ext5t ) ! petty philosophism ( ! wor/ age ( ,france1 he seldom fails to give ! ,*ur*1 :]e x ent]s 8 hi/oric pa9t+s1 d>k] colors ?an tru? w w>rant4 ,8 pres5t "w is n a life ( ,philip ,,ii4 ,x is a s]ies ( /udies1 n complete en\gh1 inde$1 to =m a "* ( t great & s+ul> rul]1 :o made ,spa9 a great p[] 9 ,europe1 b fail$ to bequea? to 8 successors ! ability & /atecraft t enabl$ him to ma9ta9 ! influ5ce ( ! p59sula 9 ,european affairs4 ,mr4 ,gay>r's /udies are disconnect$1 involve repetitions1 & fail to give u ! sali5t po9ts :i* ma9ly ne$ discussion & exam9ation4 ,he beg9s ) ! dea? ( ,philip2 !n treats ( 8 religi\s policy2 8 love ( art2 8 reign 9 g5]al2 ,antonio ,p]ez2 ! ,cortes dur+ 8 reign2 lit]ature4 ,! po9t ( view may be inf]r$ f ,mr4 ,bancr(t's rem>k1 t ! pres5t "w is writt5 ) a m9d sup]ior to ! influ5ces ( sup]/ition--an idea we h already express$ 9 some:at diff]5t t]ms1 vocabul>ies diff]+ slightly1 z ,saul ( ,t>sus notes1 9 giv+ ! e/imate made by ! mo/ civiliz$ & enlight5$ p ( 8 day 9 reg>d to ! cross4 #ega ,philip z rul] ( ,spa91 ,portugal1 & ! ,indies2 ,philip & ! ,l[ ,c\ntries2 ,philip 9 8 relations ) =eign c\ntries2 ,philip & ! ,inquisition 9 ,spa92 ,philip & 8 family1 "h 7 inde$ !mes to discuss1 to exam9e by ! aid ( ! s\nde/ au?orities4 ,_h ,mr4 ,gay>r done ?is 9 true hi/oric _s1 8 "w1 :atev] ! judgm5t at :i* he arriv$1 w\ld h be5 ( real value to e ?9k+ man4 ,z x is1 we _c say t we see any necessity or utility = ! "w4 ,9 ,prescott !re is at lea/ a complete picture & an array ( au?ority4 ,gay>r gives nei!r1 & c sc>cely be read )\t obta9+ false views--)\t ! facts :i* 9 ,prescott (t5 enable y to see ! fallacy ( /atem5ts bas$ really on errone\s argum5ts4 ---- ,recollections ,( ,a ,busy ,life4 ,by ,horace ,greeley4 ,new ,york4 ,j4 ,b4 ,=d & ,company4 #ahfh4 ,! autobiographical pap]s1 :i* compose ! l>g] "p ( ?is volume1 7 orig9ally publi%$ 9 a weekly j\rnal ( ?is city1 & h probably attract$ ! att5tion ( _m ?\s&s ( read]s4 ,!y are n[ issu$ 9 a p]man5t =m1 "u ,mr4 ,greeley's p]sonal sup]vision1 & w take _! place among ! /&>d works ( ,am]ican biography4 ,:atev] may be said or ?\ght ( ! religi\s & political pr9ciples f "t to "t pr(ess$ & advocat$ by ! ,editor ( ,! ,tribune1 no man c d5y to him ! "* ( an e>ne/1 outspok51 indefatigable support] ( :at1 at ! mom5t1 he believes to be j & "r4 ,! mann] 9 :i* he brav$ a public op9ion ?or\ghly tyrannical1 bo? at ! op5+ & close ( ! late w>1 suffici5tly atte/s 8 indep5d5ce ( _s & 8 fidelity to ! dictates ( 8 own judgm5t4 ,"o int]e/1 h[ev]1 atta*es to ,mr4 ,greeley1 *iefly z a man :o1 f ! humble/ beg9n+s1 has rais$ himself1 by 8 own ex]tions1 to "o ( ! mo/ influ5tial & honorable positions 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! /ory ( 8 projects & rev]ses1 ( 8 p]sev]ance & 8 triumphs1 is well told 9 ! volume be=e u1 & w s]ve to enc\rage & refre% ! he>ts ( _m "y m51 ^: /ruggles aft] influ5ce & hone/ weal? are meet+ ) cont9ual disappo9tm5t4 ,9 ! hurry ( prep>+ ?is "w = ! press1 ,mr4 ,greeley has fall5 into an hi/orical error :i* %\ld c]ta9ly be correct$4 ,9 8 op5+ *apt] he in=ms u t1 9 #afda1 dur+ ! insurrection :i* occurr$ 9 ! prov9ce ( ,ul/] 9 ,irel&1 aga9/ ! ,briti% p[]1 #dj1jjj ,prote/ant settl]s 7 spe$ily massacr$1 ) small reg>d to age or sex4 ,! numb] :o actually suff]$ 9 t rebellion has be5 v>i\sly e/imat$ by hi/orians n favorable t[>d ,irel& or h] p4 ,sir ,john ,temple fixes x at #aej1jjj2 ,milton1 9 8 ,eiconocla/es1 at #aed1jjj = "o prov9ce alone2 ,cl>5don puts ! numb] at #dj1jjj4 ,mr4 ,greeley foll[s ,cl>5don1 b ) equal reliability he might h tak5 ,temple or ,milton = 8 au?ority4 ,he might also h /at$ ) ! =m]1 t ,hundr$s ( ! gho/s ( ,prote/ants1 t 7 dr[n$ by ! rebels at ,portad[n ,bridge1 7 se5 9 ! riv]1 bolt upright1 & 7 he>d to cry out = rev5ge on ^! rebels4 ,"o ( ^! gho/s 0 se5 ) h&s lift$ up1 & /&+ 9 t po/ure f ,decemb] #bi? to ! latt] end ( ! foll[+ ,l5t4 ,= additional te/imony ab\t ! pres5ce ( ! gho/s1 he might h call$ ^u ,dr4 ,maxwell1 ! ,prote/ant ,bi%op ( ,kilmore4 ,b if in/ead ( rely+ ^u su* gho/ly au?orities1 ,mr4 ,greeley _h consult$ a little "w1 entitl$ ,memoir ( ,irel&1 ,native & ,saxon1 writt5 by ,daniel ,o',connell1 & publi%$ by ,greeley ,mc,elrath 9 #ahdd1 he w\ld h se5 t1 9 #afda1 !re 7 less ?an #bjj1jjj ,prote/ants 9 ! entire isl&1 & t ! numb] massacr$ 787 9 its mo/ nor!rn prov9ce fail$ to rea* any ?\s&s :atev]4 ,he w\ld also h discov]$ t 9 ^! insurrections x 0 ! ,ca?olics :o suff]$1 & n ,prote/ants1 z1 = in/ance1 at ,isl& ,magee4 #egb ,mr4 ,greeley is too wise & lib]al a man wilfully to repeat s /ale a calumny1 & he is n s inconsi/5t z to contradict1 9 #ahfh1 ! /atem5ts ( a "w :i* he deem$ wor?y ( public confid5ce 9 #ahdd4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 we po9t out ! error1 we impute no malice to ! writ]2 to :om1 9 view ( 8 con/ant activity1 "s inaccuracies may be p>don$4 ,b ! injury inflict$ by 8 mi/ake is n less5$ by its ?\ghtlessness1 & ! lea/ t c be done to rem$y ! evil is to correct ! error 9 ! next edition1 %\ld "o be ev] issu$4 ---- ,! ,ideal ,9 ,art4 ,by ,h4 ,ta9e4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,dur&4 ,new ,york3 ,leypoldt ,holt4 #ahfi4 ,! object ( ^! two lectures1 fir/ deliv]$ by ,m4 ,ta9e to ! /ud5ts ( ! ,s*ool ( ,f9e ,arts 9 ,p>is1 & n[ publi%$ 9 an ,am]ican translation by ,messrs4 ,leypoldt ,holt1 is to erect a /&>d ( criticism 9 art1 indep5d5t ( ! ta/e & fancy ( ! individual critic1 & s bas$ ^u e/abli%$ pr9ciples z to be wor?y ( ! "n ( a law4 ,to our m9d1 ! di/+ui%$ au?or has approa*$1 if n atta9$1 success4 ,! fundam5tal rule ) :i* he />ts1 di/+ui%es betwe5 t me*anical skill by :i* ! production ( ! arti/ is made a fai?ful repres5tation ( 8 own ideal1 & t arti/ic g5ius by :i* ! l(t9ess & gr&eur ( ! ideal is itself det]m9$4 ,he !n proce$s to measure ! ideal itself1 &1 ^u ! purity & elevation ( ?is1 bases ! /&+ ( ! arti/ & ! m]it ( 8 works4 ,a complete sket* ( ,m4 ,ta9e's sy/em w\ld necessitate a reproduction ( ! "w itself4 ,9 8 volume !re are no wa/$ words2 & :ile1 p]haps1 n altoge!r intelligible to ! utt]ly unle>n$ 9 art1 ! treatise :i* he gives u w s]ve to /imulate ! read] to an inquiry :i* _c fail to improve 8 ta/e 9 lit]ature z well z 9 ! peculi> doma9 :i* x pr(esses to explore4 ,we especially welcome ?is volume at ?is "t1 because ( ! opportunities :i* are n[ af=d$ = a /udy ( ! pr9ciples ( ,m4 ,ta9e1 9 connection ) ! great s*ools ( ,italian art !mselves4 ,9 ! ,j>ves ,collection1 n[ at ,yale ,college1 may be f\nd pa9t+s ( repres5tative ma/]s1 f ! dawn ( ,italian art to ! comm5cem5t ( its decl9e4 ,hundr$s ( visitors h exam9$ ?is treasure-h\se ( pa9t+1 & ?\s&s m %\ld foll[ _! example4 ,& we v5ture to sugge/ t a c>eful /udy ( ! "w be=e u w r5d]1 at lea/ 9 ! case ( cultivat$ p]sons1 :at w\ld o!rwise h be5 a m]e visit ( curiosity1 a mo/ valuable lesson on t ideal 9 art 9 :i* ! true arti/s ( e age h giv5 ! measure ( _! own g5ius & ! pl$ge ( _! arti/ic immortality4 ---- ,! ,illu/rat$ ,ca?olic ,family ,almanac1 = ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = ! ,ye> ( our ,"l #ahfi4 ,new ,york3 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society4 #ahfi4 ,?is is ! fir/ attempt by any ,ca?olic publi%] 9 ?is c\ntry to get up an ,almanac suitable = ,ca?olic families4 ,x conta9s a complete cal5d> = ! ye> #ahfi1 ) a v>iety ( o!r matt] bo? useful & ent]ta9+4 ,! illu/rations1 n9ete5 9 numb]1 are excell5t4 ,we are glad to be able to /ate t x is ! int5tion ( ! ,society to issue su* an almanac e ye>1 & we hope t ?is fir/ attempt may meet ) ! success :i* x s well des]ves4 ,x %\ld be f\nd 9 e ,ca?olic h\sehold 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,almanacs h become almo/ a necessity1 & are look$ = z regul>ly z ! new ye>4 ,x is1 !n1 highly important t an almanac1 to say ! lea/1 %\ld conta9 no?+ objectionable to morals1 & ?is _c be said ( too _m frequ5tly met )1 :i* are only m]e adv]tis+ m$iums = quack m$ic9es1 etc4 ,we hope ,! ,ca?olic ,family ,almanac w h5ce=? sup]s$e all su* tra%y productions--:i* no fa!r ( a family %\ld all[ to endang] ! fai? & morality ( 8 *ildr54 ,! excuse h]et(ore urg$ = _! pres5ce 9 ! h\se1 t !re 0 no ,ca?olic family almanac to be _h1 is no long] valid4 ---- #egc ,crim9al ,abortion3 ,its ,nature1 its ,evid5ce1 & its ,law4 ,by ,horatio ,r4 ,/or]1 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,b41 & ,frankl9 ,fiske ,he>d4 ,bo/on3 ,little1 ,br[n ,company4 #ahfh4 ,?is subject is "h br\ght be=e ! public 9 a mann] proportion$ to its importance2 & ,dr4 ,/or]1 = 8 indefatigable ef=ts 9 f]ret+ out ! /ati/ics ( ?is crime1 & 8 outspok5 hone/ op9ions1 des]ves ! ?anks ( ! ,am]ican p4 ,! evid5ce adduc$ 9 support ( ! au?or's ass]tions is s conclusive t ! "q sugge/s itself1 ,:i!r are we drift+8 ,9 a note on page #gd1 ! moral effect ( ! ,ca?olic religion is %[n 9 prev5t+ ?is slaught] ( ! innoc5ts1 b ! au?or fails to sugge/ ! g5]al dissem9ation ( ! religion ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry z a means ( *eck+ ?is rapidly gr[+ evil4 ,book ,,ii4 gives ample extracts f ! ,common & ,/ate ,laws on ! subject1 z well z quotations f ,engli% reports1 :i* are n g5]ally accessible ev5 to ! legal pr(ession 9 ?is c\ntry1 mak+ ! "w an indisp5sable addition to ! libr>y ( e lawy] & physician 9 ! c\ntry4 ---- ,! ,k ,& ,love ,( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,fa!r ,/4 ,jure1 ,s4,j4 ,new ,york3 ,p4 ,o',%ea1 #ci ,b>clay /reet4 ,/4 ,jure 0 "o ( ! be/ spiritual writ]s 9 ,france ( ! e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & ?is is "o ( 8 be/ works4 ,x is full ( solid ?\ght & le>n+1 z well z ( ! pure/ & w>me/ piety4 ,i _c1 !re=e1 be too highly recomm5d$ z a book = spiritual read+1 well adapt$ to ! wants ( ! mo/ intellig5t & highly educat$ p]sons1 & approv$ by ! judgm5t ( ! mo/ enlight5$ m5 9 ! *ur* = two c5turies4 ,! translation 0 made by ! accompli%$ au?oress ( ! ,life ( ,ca?>9e ,macaulay1 & ! publi%] has issu$ x 9 a v good /yle4 ---- ,o',%ea's ,popul> ,juv5ile ,libr>y4 ,second ,s]ies4 #abvols4 ,illu/rat$4 ,new ,york3 ,p4 ,o',%ea4 #ahfh4 ,?is s]ies is an acceptable addition to our rapidly increas+ li/ ( ,ca?olic juv5iles4 ,! titles ( ! volumes x conta9s are z foll[s3 ,! ,g5]\s ,enemy1 & o!r /ories2 ,anna's ,vacation1 & o!r /ories2 ,! ,begg>'s ,w1 & o!r /ories2 ,b]tr& du ,guescl92 ,kasem ! ,mis]1 & o!r /ories2 ,! ,bl9d ,gr&fa!r1 & o!r /ories2 ,trifles2 ,! ,true ,son1 & o!r /ories2 ,m>ian's ,hi/ory2 ,pati5ce ,removes ,m\nta9s1 & o!r tales2 ,! ,be/ ,d[ry1 & o!r tales4 ---- ,rural ,poems1 by ,william ,b>nes4 ,bo/on3 ,rob]ts ,bro!rs4 #ahfi4 ,^! poems h receiv$ unqualifi$ praise by ,engli% critics 9 ! pr9cipal lit]>y reviews4 ,x is said ( !m t !y are 9 a high degree pleasant & novel2 inve/$ ) a simple beauty1 clo!d 9 homely1 heal?y language1 etc4 ,we might1 & d1 say ! same ( ! r5[n$ ,melodies ( ,"m ,goose1 ^: ,poems ! great] "p ( ! pres5t collection v mu* resembles4 ,:o w n be =cibly rem9d$ ( ,ride a cock-horse to ,banbury ,cross by ! foll[+ v]ses8 ,bright 0 ! morn+ & bright 0 ! moon1 ,bright 0 ! =5oon & bright 0 ! noon1 ,bright 0 ! road d[n ! sun%9y ridge1 ,bright 0 ! wat] & bright 0 ! bridge3 ,bright 9 ! light 7 two eyes 9 my sight1 ,on ! road t ,i took up to ,br5bury t[]4 ,! eyes at my side 7 my ,fanny's1 my bride1 ,! day ( my w$d+1 my w$d+'s gay h\r4 #egd ,we ?9k t if ! au?or _h be5 an ,am]ican1 ! ,engli% critics w\ld h laugh$ at him4 ,! book is elegantly publi%$1 ) good illu/rations1 & w\ld make a nice holiday pres5t = *ildr54 ---- ,beg9n+ ,g]man4 ,lessons introductory to ! ,/udy ( ! ,g]man ,language4 ,) a ,vocabul>y1 ,select ,phrases = ,g]man ,conv]sation1 & ,read+ ,lessons4 ,by ,dr4 ,emil ,otto1 ,pr(essor ( ,mod]n ,languages & ,lectur] at ! ,univ]sity ( ,heidelb]g4 ,fir/ ,am]ican ,edition4 ,) additional read+ matt] & notes1 arrang$ by ,l4 ,pylodet4 ,new ,york3 ,leypoldt ,holt4 #ahfi4 ,dr4 ,otto des]ves a great deal ( praise = ! att5tion t he has %[n to ! wants ( ! /ud5t4 ,9 ! above "w he has c>efully collect$ all ! necess>y matt] = ! comm5cem5t ( a sy/ematic /udy ( ! ,g]man4 ,! book has be5 prep>$ = "y p]sons2 b contr>y to ! usual me?od1 ,dr4 ,otto does n ov]task ! memory ( ! le>n] ) endless vocabul>ies1 :i* s]ve only to hide ! important p>ts4 ,he fir/ expla9s ! alphabet1 & also ,g]man acc5tuation & punctuation4 ,next he gives a ?or\gh drill ^u ea* ( ! p>ts ( spee*1 & by ! aid ( foot-notes1 gradually places be=e ! /ud5t ! sali5t po9ts ( ! ,g]man gramm>4 ,aft] :i* comes select phrases & read+ lessons4 ,! vocabul>ies 9 ne>ly all ,fr5* & ,g]man gramm>s are made up ( ! mo/ fooli% & impracticable s5t5ces t c\ld possibly be inv5t$2 & ,dr4 ,otto _c put =? ! claim ( orig9ality = 8 selection ( s5t5ces4 ,! p>titive s5se & ! possessive case create an imm5se am\nt ( confusion 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o plan ,g]man me?ods1 & !y accord+ly attempt to p]petuate _! tr\ble by fill+ _! ex]cises ) *ildi% & improbable examples4 ,dr4 ,otto =ms no exception to ! g5]al cu/om4 ,! rules giv5 at ! bottom ( ! pages 9 reg>d to decl5sions1 are spread ov] s _m pages t !y w n be ( mu* assi/ance1 & ! /ud5t w be oblig$ to turn at once to ! synopsis ( ,g]man ,gramm>1 :i* ! book also conta9s1 if he desires to ?or\ghly und]/& ?is "p ( ! ,g]man4 ,! read+ lessons are simple & well select$2 b !re is no necessity = ! abundant notes :i* are app5d$4 ,on ! :ole1 ?is is a v excell5t "w3 be+ f> 9 advance ( ! ,g]man text-books t are s mu* us$ 9 ! s*ools ( ?is city1 by s]v+ to impress ^u ! m9ds ( ! le>n] a true reg>d = ! grammatical =mation ( _! own language4 ---- ,! ,little ,gypsy4 ,by ,elie ,sauvage4 ,illu/rat$ by ,lor5z ,frli*4 ,translat$ f ! ,fr5* by ,i4 ,m4 ,ly/]4 ,bo/on3 ,rob]ts ,bro!rs4 ,pp4 #acc4 #ahfh4 ,?is is a *>m+ little /ory--"o t we c he>tily recomm5d1 bo? f its intr9sic m]its & ! beautiful mann] 9 :i* x is got up1 z a suitable ,*ri/mas pres5t4 ---- ,v]ses ,on ,v>i\s ,occasions4 ,bo/on4 ,publi%$ by ,patrick ,donahoe4 #ahfh4 ,on ! reception ( ! ,engli% edition ( ?is exquisite volume1 we call$ ! att5tion ( our read]s to ! true ,ca?olic beauty & f]vor ( ! poems :i* x conta9s4 ,! edition by ,mr4 ,donahoe is elegantly pr9t$ on ton$ pap]1 & faultlessly b\nd4 ,we c ?9k ( no m appropriate book = a ,*ri/mas gift ?an ?is4 ---- ,! ,calamities ,& ,qu>rels ,( ,au?ors3 ) "s ,inquiries respect+ _! ,moral & ,lit]>y ,*>act]s1 & ,memoirs = our ,lit]>y ,hi/ory4 ,by ,isaac ,disraeli4 ,edit$ by 8 ,son1 ! ,"r ,hon4 ,b4 ,disraeli4 ,new ,york3 ,w4 ,j4 ,widdleton4 #b vols4 pp4 #cdi1 #daa4 #ahfh4 #ege ,^! two volumes complete an edition 9 n9e volumes ( ! writ+s ( ! eld] ,disraeli4 ,8 works are too well kn[n to ne$1 ev5 if ! limit$ space at our disposal ?is mon? p]mitt$1 an ext5d$ notice4 ---- ,tw5tie? ,annual ,report ,( ,! ,reg5ts ,( ,! ,univ]sity ,( ,! ,/ate ,( ,new ,york1 ,on ,! ,condition ,( ,! ,/ate ,cab9et ,( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,& ,! ,hi/orical ,& ,antiqu>ian ,collection ,annex$ ,!reto4 ,albany3 ,van ,b5?uys5 & ,sons' ,pr9t+ ,h\se4 #ahfh4 ,! /udy ( ,natural ,hi/ory is 9 its infancy 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 yet x is enc\rag+ to "k t !re are a few e>ne/ m5 :o cont9ue _! inve/igations 9 spite ( ! almo/ univ]sal indiff]5ce ^u ! subject4 ,x is n s mu* because !re are no m5 ( sci5ce to det]m9e ! species ( our fauna1 z t !re is a g5]al lack ( att5tion to ^! que/ions4 ,p]haps "o ( ! mo/ gratify+ features ( ! pres5t ,report is ! indication ( a newly-awak5$ int]e/ among our citiz5s4 ,a l>ge numb] ( types h be5 pres5t$ to ! ,museum by private collectors2 among ! m int]e/+ ( ^! is ! skeleton ( a ,ma/odon f\nd rec5tly at ,cohoes4 ,?is animal has be5 imb$d$ 9 su* an unusual /ratum ( rock1 & 9 su* a peculi> mann]1 t ! le>n$ ,curator ( ! ,cab9et believes x w af=d a valuable guide 9 det]m9+ its natural hi/ory & geological relations4 ,! ,smi?sonian ,in/itute has g5]\sly pres5t$ m ?an two ?\s& specim5s to ! collection ( %ells4 ,^!1 z w be se5 f ! catalogues giv51 are ( great value1 because !y embrace almo/ exclusively species f di/ant qu>t]s ( ! globe1 & :i* consequ5tly c only be obta9$ ?r\gh "s ,/ate in/itution4 ,h[ev]1 ! zeal\s ef=ts ( ! ,curator & ,reg5ts seem to be mu* imp$$ by ! want ( prop] cases = ! display & arrangem5t ( specim5s4 ,a simil> difficulty 0 exp]i5c$ by ! ,society ( ,natural ,hi/ory 9 ?is city2 !y at "o "t possess$ a l>ge & int]e/+ collection ( insects1 :i* 7 pack$ 9 boxes & /or$ 9 ! basem5t ( ! ,m$ical ,college ( ! ,new ,york ,univ]sity4 ,! de/ruction ( t build+ by fire has reliev$ ! (fic]s ( ! society f any fur!r tr\ble conc]n+ !m4 ,x is to be hop$ t a simil> fate does n await ! ,/ate ,collection1 b t ! mode/ reque/ ( ! tru/ees = a small appropriation w be grant$ at ! pres5t session ( ! ,legislature4 ,! catalogue ( books sc>cely numb]s a hundr$ volumes1 & does n m]it ! "n ( a libr>y4 ,?is is a s]i\s ob/acle 9 ! way ( ^? :o are *>g$ ) ! duty ( classify+ ! specim5s s5t to !m1 b "o :i* ! ,reg5ts ( ! ,cab9et anticipate to see gradually remov$4 ,! /atem5t ( ! necessities & f9ancial condition ( ! ,/ate ,cab9et is foll[$ by an essay ( ,pr(4 ,w4 ,d4 ,wilson1 ( ,hob>t ,college1 on ,local ,climatology4 ,?is is *iefly int]e/+ because ( a new !ory acc\nt+ = ! cold wea!r ( w9t]4 ,( c\rse1 "o ( ! pr9cipal reasons :y ! temp]ature is l[] 9 w9t] ?an 9 summ] is because ! days ( w9t] are sev]al h\rs %ort]4 ,b ! sun's heat+ p[] is also det]m9$ by its altitude4 ,h]s*el & ,p\illet h demon/rat$ t a l>ge proportion ( ! sun's rays are absorb$ by pass+ ?r\gh ! atmosph]e1 or r by ! moi/ure 9 ! atmosph]e1 s t only ab\t sev5ty-five p] c5t ( its heat rea*es ! e>?4 ,h5ce1 x is evid5t t ! temp]ature w v>y1 n only = places ( diff]5t latitudes1 b also at ! same place at diff]5t seasons ( ! ye>1 & dur+ ! diff]5t h\rs ( ! day4 ,/ill1 ! m]e fact ( ! absorption ( heat does n expla9 ! diff]5ce ( temp]ature4 ,heat absorb$ always increases ! temp]ature ( ! absorb+ body1 except :5 ! heat becomes lat5t by pass+ f a solid to a fluid1 or f a fluid to a gase\s /ate4 #egf ,z an atmosph]e does n *ange ! =m ( ! heat1 x w\ld itself be increas$ 9 temp]ature1 & consequ5tly ! influ5ce ( ! heat w\ld be felt 9 precisely ! same degree z if x 7 conduct$ directly to ! e>?4 ,b ?is difficulty is remov$ by ,pr(4 ,wilson1 :o claims t ! atmosph]e has ! same p[] ( reflect+ z ( absorb+ heat2 h5ce ! heat is nev] transmitt$ beyond ! out] b\nd>y ( our atmosph]e1 b is imm$iately reflect$ into space1 & loses its influ5ce ^u any?+ )9 ! p[] ( our obs]vation4 ,! decrease ( heat has long be5 kn[n to dep5d greatly ^u ! sun's altitude4 ,x v>ies ) :at is commonly t]m$ ! s9e ( ! sun's altitude4 ,x is wor?y to be rem>k$1 !re=e1 t on ?is !ory ! decrease ( heat w dep5d ^u ! angle at :i* ! sun's rays /rike ! atmosph]e1 & h5ce x mu/ always1 z 9 fact x does1 co9cide ) ! sun's height4 ,! result ( ,pr(4 ,hall's labor = ! ye> is se5 9 sev]al elaborate notices ^u ! ,palaeontology ( ! ,/ate4 ,^? :o feel int]e/$ 9 ?is entic+ dep>tm5t ( ,natural ,hi/ory w take pleasure 9 ! cle> analysis ( c]ta9 families & g5]a describ$ 9 ! ,report4 ,! ef=t to aid beg9n]s 9 ?is /udy1 z se5 9 ! monogram ^u ! ,graptolites1 is p>ticul>ly comm5dable4 ,^! sci5ces _c make any sub/antial progress until !y are br\ght d[n to ! capacity ( le>n$ m5 engag$ 9 o!r pursuits1 because !y all dep5d ^u ! c>eful obs]vation ( ph5om5a :i* require ! unit$ att5tion ( _m individuals4 ,h5ce1 all dome/ic contributions to ! det]m9+ ( ! species ( our own fauna %\ld be suffici5tly elem5t>y to be und]/ood by amateurs 9 ! sci5ce4 ,& to ! want ( su* works z ^! may fairly be attribut$ ! fact1 t _m "y m5 beg9 to inve/igate ! v>i\s bran*es ( natural sci5ce1 b v few p]sev]e4 ,! volume is increas$ 9 value by a numb] ( well-execut$ plates1 :i* appe> to be accurate copies ( ! specim5s 9 ,pr(4 ,hall's collection4 ,x %[s1 at lea/1 t he recognizes _! importance 9 convey+ sci5tific k4 ,a figure skilfully drawn w frequ5tly det]m9e a species 9 a mom5t's comp>ison1 :i* w\ld h co/ _m h\rs' c>eful /udy ( ! descriptions ( ev5 ! mo/ accurate & pa9/ak+ obs]v]4 ---- ,beg9n]'s ,fr5* ,read]4 ,%ort & ,easy ,pieces 9 ,prose & ,v]se1 ) a complete ,vocabul>y4 ,arrang$ by ,l4 ,pylodet4 ,new ,york3 ,leypoldt ,holt4 ,?is little book seems to be v well adapt$ to fully c>ry out ! end indicat$ by its title-page4 ---- ,,messrs4 ,,john ,,murphy ,co4 h j publi%$ a small volume conta9+ ! life ( ,john ,m4 ,co/elloe1 or ,! ,beauty ( ,virtue1 exemplifi$ 9 an ,am]ican ,y\?4 ,! au?or simply proposes to lay be=e ! read] ! virtues ( a "y man :o pass$ sev5te5 ye>s ( 8 %ort life 9 ! peaceful seclusion ( 8 home1 & ! rema9+ two & a half 9 ! quiet r\t9e ( a college1 & :o1 !re=e1 c\ld h practis$ only :at ,/4 ,francis ( ,sales calls 'little virtues4' ---- ,books ,receiv$4 ,f ,,*>les ,,scribn] ,co41 ,new ,york3 ,madame ,?rse2 or1 ,! ,volunte]s ( '#ih4 ,by ,,mm4 ,erckman-,*atrian4 ,translat$ f ! ?irte5? edition1 ) t5 full-page illu/rations4 ,f ,,patrick ,,donahoe1 ,bo/on3 ,le ,petit ,cat*isme de ,quebec4 ,! ,f>leyes ( ,f>leye3 or1 ,fai?ful & ,true4 ,by ,rev4 ,?omas ,j4 ,pott]1 ,all ,hall[s ,college1 ,dubl94 ,f ,,lee ,,%ep>d1 ,bo/on3 ,dr4 ,h[ell's ,family4 ,by ,mrs4 ,h4 ,b4 ,goodw94 ,hillsboro ,f>ms4 ,by ,sophia ,dick9son ,cobb4 ,! ,mimic ,/age4 ,a s]ies ( ,dramas1 ,com$ies1 ,burlesques1 & ,f>ces1 = ,public ,exhibitions & ,private ,!atricals4 ,by ,george ,m4 ,bak]4 ,f ,,leypoldt ,,holt1 ,new ,york3 ,madame de ,beaupr4 ,by ,mrs4 ,c4 ,j5k94 ,f ,,john ,,murphy ,co41 ,baltimore3 ,! ,purgatorian ,consol]4 ,a manual ( pray]s1 conta9+ a selection ( devotional ex]cises orig9ally prep>$ = ! use ( ! memb]s ( ! ,purgatorian ,ar*confrat]nity2 enl>g$ & adapt$ to g5]al use by a ,r$emptori/ ,fa!r4 ,publi%$ ) ! approbation ( ! ,mo/ ,rev]5d ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,baltimore4 ,! ,visitation ,manual3 ,a collection ( pray]s & in/ructions1 compil$ accord+ to ! ,spiritual ,directory & ,_s ( ,/4 ,francis de ,sales1 f\nd] ( ! ,religi\s ,ord] ( ! ,visitation ( ,b4 ,v4 ,m>y4 ,publi%$ ) ! approbation ( ! ,mo/ ,rev]5d ,ar*bi%op ( ,baltimore4 #ahfi4 ---------- #egg ,,! ,,ca?olic ,,_w1 ,vol4 ,,viii1 ,no4 #dg4 ,febru>y1 #ahfi4 ,c>d9al ,xim5es4 ,! greatness ( ,c>d9al ,xim5es has wea!r$ ! /orms ( "t4 ,x has spread f> beyond ! p by :om x 0 fir/ recogniz$ & proclaim$4 ,all ,europe has done x homage1 & ! :ole civiliz$ _w hails x ) gratitude & joy4 ,x is a small ?+ 9 comp>ison to excel z a prelate1 a /atesman1 a g5]al1 or a man ( lett]s2 b to %9e =emo/ 9 ea* & all ( ^! capacities1 z did ,xim5es1 to make a la/+ impression on ! age 9 a f\rfold "*1 & to m\ld anew ! de/9ies ( a nation 9 virtue ( x1 h be5 ! lot ( few1 & sc>cely ! ambition ( any4 ,xim5es de ,cisn]os is "p ( ! ,spani>d's nationality4 ,!y admire1 !y love him1 !y boa/ ( him2 & s lately z ,april1 #aheg1 !y assembl$ 9 va/ numb]s 9 ! city ( ,alcal to deposit 8 rema9s 9 ! ,iglesia ,magi/ral1 j #cdj ye>s aft] 8 decease4 ,! preci\s memoirs left by ,gomez h nev] be5 employ$ ) great] effect ?an by ,dr4 ,von ,hefele1 :o1 f ^!--! basis ( all lives ( ,xim5es--& f a v>iety ( collat]al s\rces1 has produc$ a complete & mo/ valuable hi/ory ( ! illu/ri\s c>d9al4 ,l _m em95t prelates 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ,xim5es 0 a self-made man4 ,he 0 born at ,tordelaguna--a small t[n--9 #adcf4 ,8 fa!r1 ?\gh ( noble desc5t1 0 comp>atively poor1 & collect$ ti!s = ! k+4 ,8 "m likewise came ( a valiant /ock decay$ 9 =tune2 s t ,xim5es enjoy$ on bo? sides ! advantage ( g5tle blood4 ,f an e>ly age he 0 de/9$ = ! ,*ur*2 at ,alcal he 0 well s*ool$1 & at ,salamanca he /udi$ canon & civil law1 !ology1 & ! ,scriptures4 ,x 0 "h t 8 love ( biblical lore fir/ display$ itself1 & gave promise ( t abundant gr[? :i* aft]w>d made ! "n ( ,xim5es fam\s 9 ! lit]>y _w4 ,pov]ty 0 8 good angel4 ,x urg$ him to ex]tion1 & he support$ himself at ! univ]sity by giv+ lessons4 ,!n1 hav+ tak5 8 ba*elor's degree 9 canon & civil law1 he boldly turn$ 8 face t[>d ,rome1 & resolv$ to bett] 8 =tune1 if possible1 9 ! he>t ( ,*ri/5dom4 #egh ,twice on ! way he 0 plund]$ by robb]s1 & b = ! k9dness ( a =m] s*ool-fell[ w\ld h be5 /opp$ at ,aix1 9 ,prov5ce1 & compell$ to return1 m9us money1 clo!s1 & horse4 ,to ,rome1 h[ev]1 he came1 & work$ /eadily 9 ! ecclesia/ical c\rts dur+ six ye>s1 till 8 fa!r di$1 & he 0 recall$ to ,spa9 to p]=m a p>5t's "p to 8 b]eav$ family4 ,happily he c>ri$ 9 8 pocket an expectative lett]1 by :i* ! pope grant$ him ! fir/ vacant b5efice 9 ! diocese ( ,tol$o4 ,! "r ( be/[+ b5efices 9 ?is mann] _h (t5 be5 que/ion$1 (t5 resi/$2 b ) su* controv]sies ,xim5es _h no?+ to d4 ,x 0 n till ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t t ,gratia ,expectativae 7 f9ally suppress$2 ,footnote #aff & x 0 cle>ly 8 int]e/ to obta9 a liv+ f ! holy fa!r1 if he c\ld1 accord+ to e/abli%$ prec$5t4 ,uz$a soon fell vacant1 & ?\gh ,xim5es laid claim to x imm$iately1 ,c>illo1 ! ar*bi%op1 0 9 no degree incl9$ to yield x to him4 ,! m ,xim5es press$ 8 claim1 ! m /\tly ,c>illo resi/$1 & ! result 0 t ! claimant1 ?\gh back$ by papal au?ority1 soon f\nd himself a prison] 9 ! v p>i% ( :i* he s\ght to be pa/or4 ,no?+ c\ld break 8 iron resolution1 & be+ remov$ to ! =tress ( ,santorcaz1 he !re sp5t six ye>s 9 conf9em5t1 till ! ar*bi%op1 we>i$ by 8 firm & con/ant refusal to =ego 8 claim1 at l5g? yield+ ! po9t1 re/or$ him to lib]ty1 & confirm$ him 9 possession ( ! b5efice4 ,footnote #aff3 ,sess4 xxiv4 cap4 #ai4 ,8 con/ant /udy ( ! ,scriptures c\ld n escape obs]vation1 & he 0 (t5 ref]r$ to z an au?ority 9 ,hebrew & ,*aldee4 ,be+ made vic> ( ! diocese ( ,sigenza1 & ag5t = ! e/ates ( a nobleman :o _h be5 tak5 prison] by ! ,moors1 ,xim5es sigh$ = retirem5t1 & ent]$ z a novice a conv5t ( ! ,franciscan ord]4 ,b 8 int]ior life 0 /ill di/urb$4 ,numb]s resort$ to him = c\nsel & in/ruction4 ,he pray$ to be s5t to "s m lonely retreat1 & accord+ly f\nd 8 home 9 a small conv5t ne> ,tol$o1 call$ aft] our ,lady ( ,ca/aar4 ,x /ood 9 ! mid/ ( a =e/ ( *e/nuts1 & "h1 l an an*orite ( old1 he built a h]mitage & support$ life on h]bs & roots1 ) wat] f ! neighbor+ rill4 ,?\gh a sc\rge 0 9 8 h& & a hair-%irt on 8 body1 ! ,bible he s priz$ 0 be=e him1 angels surr\nd$ him1 & ! ,holy ,gho/ e/abli%$ )9 him a reign ( s]5ity & light4 ,accord+ to ! rule ( ! ,franciscans1 he 01 ere long1 aga9 remov$4 ,he became gu>dian ( ! conv5t ( ,salz$a1 & x 0 "h1 9 8 fifty-six? ye>1 t 8 c>e]1 s f> z x conc]ns hi/ory1 began4 ,a confessor 0 requir$ = ! dev\t & beautiful ,que5 ,isabella1 & ,c>d9al ,m5doza1 :o _h be5 ,bi%op ( ,sigenza1 & knew ,xim5es well1 recomm5d$ him z ! fitt+ p]son to guide h] consci5ce4 ,be+ summon$ to c\rt on pret5ce ( bus9ess1 ! ,franciscan recluse 0 introduc$1 z x 7 by accid5t1 into ! royal pres5ce4 ,isabella 0 *>m$ by 8 c&or1 8 mode/y1 & native dignity4 ,9 va9 he decl9$ ! (fice = :i* he 0 design$4 ,! que5 w\ld take no refusal1 b cons5t$ to 8 resid+ /ill 9 8 mona/]y1 away f ! spl5dor & temptations ( a c\rt4 ,he /rove to avoid int]f]5ce 9 politics1 b ,isabella s mu* ! m appli$ = 8 advice 9 ! affairs ( /ate4 #egi ,?us influ5ce ov] o!rs is (t5 giv5 to ^? ^: only aim is to acquire ! ma/]y ov] !mselves4 ,n long aft] be+ made confessor to ! que51 ,xim5es 0 elect$ ,prov9cial ( ! ,franciscan ord] = ,old & ,new ,ca/ile4 ,he made 8 visitations on foot1 begg$ 8 way l any o!r ( 8 bre?r51 & (t5 liv$ on raw roots4 ,! ord] _h relax$ its orig9al /rictness1 & 0 divid$ into ,conv5tuals & ,obs]vant9es1 ( :om ! latt] only adh]$ to ! lett] & _s ( _! f\nd]'s laws4 ,! report1 !re=e1 :i* ! prov9cial _h to make to 8 royal mi/ress 0 any?+ b favorable1 & he consequ5tly became himself an object ( calumny & dislike to ^? ^: vices he s\ght to correct4 ,_m ( ! ,conv5tuals :o w\ld n re=m 7 eject$ f _! sanctu>ies by 8 ord]1 & 8 conflict ) evil 0 sil5tly & surely prep>+ him = ! high po/ ( ,ar*bi%op ( ,tol$o1 ,primate ( ,spa91 & ,*ancellor ( ,ca/ile4 ,?is see _h g5]ally be5 fill$ by "o ( noble bir?1 & ,f]d9& 0 anxi\s to be/[ x on 8 natural son1 ,alfonso1 ,bi%op ( ,s>agossa4 ,b ,isabella 0 /rong 9 h] resolve to promote ,xim5es4 ,on ,good ,friday1 #adie1 %e s5t = h] confessor1 & plac$ a pap] 9 8 h&s4 ,x 0 address$ by 8 hol9ess ,alex&] ,,vi41 ,to our v5]able bro!r1 ,francisco ,xim5es de ,cisn]os1 ,ar*bi%op-elect ( ,tol$o4 ,z he read ?is ! fri> turn$ pale4 ,x _c be meant = me1 he said1 & abruptly left ! ap>tm5t1 dropp+ ! packet4 ,come1 bro!r1 he exclaim$ to 8 companion1 we mu/ be gone 9 ha/e4 ,b ! royal mess5g]s ov]took him on ! road to ,ocaa1 trudg+ along bravely 9 ! noontide heat4 ,he 0 fly+ f an ar*bi%opric ) #hj1jjj ducats a ye>1 f p[] & influ5ce second only to t ( ! k+1 & f t[ns & =tresses ) num]\s vassals4 ,no argum5ts c\ld induce him to accept ^! e>?ly goods4 ,dur+ six mon?s he p]si/$ 9 refus+ !m1 & yield$ at la/ only 9 ob$i5ce to a comm& f ! sov]eign pontiff4 ,he 0 n[ 9 8 sixtie? ye>4 ,9 ,octob]1 #adie1 he 0 solemnly consecrat$ 9 pres5ce ( ! two sov]eigns1 & :51 aft] ! c]emony1 he came to d !m homage1 he said3 ,i come to kiss ! h&s ( y\r maje/ies1 n because !y h rais$ me to ! fir/ see 9 ,spa91 b because ,i hope !y w assi/ me 9 support+ ! burd5 :i* !y h plac$ on my %\ld]s4 ,xim5es 01 on ! :ole1 ! model ( a prelate2 & accord+ly we see 9 him mode/y & self-confid5ce s+ul>ly comb9$4 ,9 ! well-balanc$ m9d !y react ^u ea* o!r & produce ea* o!r4 ,h5ce1 humility is ! s\rce ( moral p[]4 ,no silv] adorn$ ,xim5es's table1 no ornam5ts hung on 8 walls4 ,8 g>m5t 0 ! habit ( ,/4 ,francis1 8 food 0 co>se1 8 j\rneys 7 made on foot or on a mule's back1 & 8 palace 0 turn$ into a cloi/]4 ,b _m p]sons cavill$ at ?is au/]ity & ascrib$ x to spiritual pride4 ,! pope ?\ght x undesirable 9 ! case ( a primate ( ,spa91 & exhort$ ,xim5es1 by lett]1 to con=m outw>dly to ! dignity ( 8 /ate ( life 9 8 dress1 att5dants1 & ev]y?+ else relat+ to ! promotion ( t respect due to 8 au?ority4 #ehj ,9 private1 h[ev]1 ,xim5es cont9u$ z mortifi$ z be=e4 ,! hair-%irt 0 next 8 sk91 & he m5d$ ) 8 own h& ! co>se g>m5ts conceal$ by ! silks & furs ( (fice4 ,! sumptu\s b$1 adorn$ ) ivory1 purple1 & gold1 :i* /ood 9 ! palace1 0 nev] us$ by him2 he slept1 ?\gh1 8 att5dants knew x n1 on ! b>e floor1 & ?us1 by night & day1 he kept up 9 8 own p]son a ceaseless prote/ aga9/ ! prevail+ luxury ( ! times4 ,he fe>$ ! s$uction ( weal?1 & 0 ev] on 8 gu>d aga9/ ! temptations ( 8 pr9cely doma91 consi/+ ( fifte5 cities1 besides _m villages & t[ns4 ,b if any presum$ on 8 unworldly habits1 & ?\ght t he mu/ be pliant because he 0 dev\t1 !y 7 soon disabus$ ( _! mi/ake4 ,he refus$1 at ! outset ( 8 primacy1 to make any appo9tm5ts at ! in/ance ( great m51 & decl>$ t he 0 will+ at any "t to return to 8 conv5t & 8 beads2 b t no p]sonal consid]ations %\ld ev] op]ate ) him 9 di/ribut+ ! honors ( ! ,*ur*4 ,ev5 ! bro!r ( ,c>d9al ,m5doza 0 unable to obta9 f ,xim5es ! confirmation ( 8 appo9tm5t to ! gov]nor%ip ( ,cazorla1 & 8 relations1 highly inc5s$1 c\ld ga9 no r$ress f ! que54 ,hav+ ?us e/abli%$ 8 own indep5d5ce & fre$ himself f importunate suitors1 ,xim5es salut$ ,don ,p$ro de ,m5doza "o day by ! title ( ,adelantado ( ,cazorla1 say+ t1 z no suspicion ( s9i/] influ5ce c\ld n[ atta* to him1 he 0 happy to re/ore ,don ,p$ro to a po/ = :i* he knew him to be qualifi$4 ,9 ! biographies ( ,gomez & ,qu9tanilla1 ( ,ovi$o & ,robles1 ,m>solli]1 ,fl*i]1 ,baudi]1 ,von ,hefele1 & ,b>rett1 a numb] ( su* anecdotes may be f\nd1 illu/rat+ ! diocesan life ( ,xim5es1 8 wond]ful p5etration1 piety1 & zeal4 ,b ^!1 = ! mo/ "p1 we mu/ pass ov]1 & dwell r on ^? ev5ts 9 8 c>e] ) :i* ! hi/ory ( 8 c\ntry is conc]n$4 ,sev]al ye>s _h pass$ s9ce ! la/ ,moori% k+ 9 ,spa9 _h be5 defeat$ & /ripp$ ( 8 dom9ions4 ,! g5ius ( ,wa%+ton ,irv+1 ! rese>* ( ,prescott1 & ! fancy ( ,s\!y & ,bulw] h f\nd full scope 9 detail+ ! hi/ory ( ! w> ( ,granada1 ! surprise ( ,zah>a1 ! exploits ( ! ,m>quis ( ,cadiz1 ! fi]ce resi/ance ( ! ,moors1 & ! capture ( ,alhama4 ,b ! ,moors1 ?\gh conqu]$1 _h reason to be satisfi$ ) ! t]ms ( ! victors4 ,!y 7 all[$ by treaty to reta9 _! mosques & mode ( wor%ip1 _! prop]ty1 laws1 comm]ce1 & civil tribunals4 ,!y _h "s privileges ( :i* ev5 ! ,spani>ds 7 depriv$2 & if1 dur+ ! gov]nor%ip ( ,t5dilla & ! ar*bi%opric ( ,talav]a1 ! ,moors ( ,granada 7 br\ght "u v>i\s ,ca?olic influ5ces1 !y c\ld n compla9 ( any =ce or sev]ity be+ employ$ by ^? :o s\ght to conv]t !m4 ,talav]a1 inde$1 :om ,xim5es _h succe$$ z confessor to ! que51 0 ceaseless 9 8 ef=ts = _! salvation4 ,he le>n$ ,arabic at an advanc$ age1 & requir$ 8 cl]gy also to d ! same4 ,he caus$ portions ( ! ,scriptures1 ,liturgy1 & ,cate*ism to be translat$1 & s recomm5d$ ! religion he pr(ess$ by 8 consi/5t life & amiable temp] t ,mohamm$anism 9 ,granada melt$ away be=e ! g5ial light ( ! gospel1 & ! ,moors !mselves came to love & rev]e ! ,*ri/ian bi%op1 :om !y call$ ,! ,great ,alfaqui1 or ,doctor4 #eha ,?us f> all 0 progress+ hopefully1 :51 9 #adii1 ,xim5es 0 invit$ by ! ,ca?olic sov]eigns to assi/ ,talav]a 9 8 important mission4 ,9 addition to ! means already employ$1 ,xim5es resort$ to a l>ge di/ribution ( pres5ts4 ,9 ord]1 says ,von ,hefele1 t 8 in/ructions might make "s impression on _! s5sual m9ds1 he did n hesitate to make ! ,moori% prie/s & doctors agreeable pres5ts1 consi/+ *iefly ( co/ly articles ( dress & silks4 ,= ?is object he encumb]$ ! rev5ues ( 8 see = _m ye>s4 ,footnote #afg ,conv]sions foll[$ 9 great numb]s1 & ,xim5es baptiz$ 9 "o day #djjj p]sons4 ,_m ( ! mosques 7 conv]t$ into *ur*es1 & ! s\nd ( bells = ,mass & vesp]s 0 he>d cont9ually 9 ! mid/ ( a ,moslem population4 ,b ?is success produc$ a reaction4 ,! ,moors :o 7 zeal\s = ! false prophet rais$ a clamor aga9/ ! ar*bi%op & ! gov]nm5t4 ,! mo/ noisy 7 arre/$ by ,xim5es's ord]1 b 9 ! height ( 8 zeal he ov]/epp$ ! b\nds ( ! treaty :i* ! gov]nm5t _h made ) ! ,moors1 by try+ to impose on ! prison]s ! obligation ( receiv+ in/ruction f 8 *apla9s 9 ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,^? :o refus$ he ev5 puni%$ v sev]ely4 ,footnote #afh ,footnote #afg3 ,von ,hefele1 translat$ by ,canon ,dalton1 p4 #fb4 ,footnote #afh3 ,id4 p4 #fd4 ,among ^? :o 7 ?us imprison$ 0 a noble ,moor nam$ ,zegri1 :o _h di/+ui%$ himself 9 ! rec5t w>s4 ,be+ oblig$ to fa/ sev]al days & we> heavy irons1 he sudd5ly decl>$ t ,allah _h appe>$ to him 9 a vision & comm&$ him to embrace ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,c]ta9 x is t dur+ ! rema9d] ( 8 life he atta*$ himself to ,xim5es ) con/ant fidelity1 & gave und5iable pro(s ( ! s9c]ity ( 8 conv]sion4 ,enc\rag$ by ?is signal success1 ,xim5es became m & m av]se to dilatory measures4 ,he believ$ t ,provid5ce design$ ! ext9ction ( ,islamism 9 ,spa91 & t he %\ld be/ co-op]ate ) ! div9e w by prompt & en]getic /eps4 ,"s ?\s& copies ( ! ,koran & o!r religi\s books 7 deliv]$ up to him by ! ,moori% alfaquis1 & committ$ to ! flames 9 ! public squ>e4 ,works on m$ic9e only escap$1 & ^! 7 aft]w>d plac$ 9 ! libr>y ( ! univ]sity :i* he f\nd$ at ,alcal4 ,! *ildr5 ( ^? ,*ri/ians :o _h become r5egades 7 tak5 f _! p>5ts & receiv$ into ! ,*ur*1 = ,xim5es w\ld n suff] a treaty1 :i* he p]haps consid]$ too temporiz+1 to /& 9 ! way ( rescu+ s\ls f error & conv]t+ an entire p4 ,ab\t ! end ( ! ye> #adii1 a t]rible outbreak *eck$ = a "t ! progress ( evangelization4 ,salz$o1 ! ar*bi%op's major-domo1 0 s5t by 8 ma/] into ! city ) ano!r s]vant & an (fic] ( ju/ice to seize ! daught] ( an apo/ate f ,*ri/ianity4 ,! "y woman1 h[ev]1 rais$ a cry aga9/ ! violation ( ! treaty2 ! ,moors ru%$ to h] aid2 ! (fic] ( ju/ice 0 kill$ by a /one2 & ! major-domo escap$ a l fate only by secret+ himself "u ! b$ ( an old ,moori% woman :o (f]$ him assi/ance4 ,! ,albayc91 or ,moslem qu>t] ( ! city1 conta9+ #e1jjj dwell+s1 rose 9 arms4 ,! palace ( ,xim5es 0 ! object ( _! attack1 & !y cri$ = ! blood ( him :om a few days be=e !y _h extoll$ ) praises4 #ehb ,! ar*bi%op's fri5ds urg$ him to fly to ! =tress by a secret passage4 ,b !y knew n ! temp] ( ! man :om !y c\nsell$4 ,he w\ld nev]1 he said1 des]t 8 s]vants 9 ! h\r ( dang]4 ,all night he 0 engag$ ) !m 9 repell+ ! ,moors' assaults1 & 9 ! morn+ ! ,c\nt ( ,t5dilla arriv$ f ! ,alhambra ) an arm$ =ce1 & rescu$ ,xim5es f imm95t p]il4 ,! outbreak1 h[ev]1 0 n s easily subdu$4 ,! h]ald s5t by ! c\nt to ! rebels 0 murd]$1 & 8 /aff ( (fice 0 brok5 9 contempt4 ,n9e days ?is frantic resi/ance cont9u$1 ?\gh )\t ev5 a remote prospect ( ultimate success4 ,xim5es tri$ 9 va9 to soo! ! rag+ multitude2 b ! mild] ar*bi%op1 ,talav]a1 go+ =? ) 8 cross & a s+le *apla91 l ,pope ,leo :5 he enc\nt]$ ,attila1 ! cr[d ( rebels became appeas$1 & press$ r\nd him to kiss 8 g>m5t's hem4 ,! gov]nor ,t5dilla !n appe>$ be=e !m 9 a civil attire1 ?rew 8 sc>let bonnet among ! cr[d1 promis$ 8 influ5ce to obta9 ! royal p>don1 & left 8 wife & two *ildr5 z ho/ages 9 ! ,albayc94 ,mean:ile1 ,xim5es1 on ! ?ird day ( ! revolt1 s5t to ! sov]eigns at ,seville an acc\nt ( :at _h happ5$4 ,8 mess5g] 0 an ,e?iopian slave--"o ( ! telegraphic wires ( ^? days--:o c\ld run fifty leagues 9 =ty-eight h\rs4 ,b ! slave got drunk on ! way1 & arriv$ 9 ,seville five days aft] he 0 despat*$1 in/ead ( two4 ,reports frightfully exagg]at$ _h rea*$ ! k+ & que54 ,! c\rt 0 9 a panic4 ,xim5es 0 blam$ = 8 indiscretion2 & ,f]d9&1 :o _h n =gott5 ! pref]5ce giv5 to ,xim5es ov] ,alfonso ( ,aragon1 8 natural son1 bitt]ly reproa*$ ,isabella = hav+ rais$ an incompet5t monk to ! see ( ,tol$o4 ,b ! ar*bi%op soon appe>$ to plead 8 own cause4 ,! k+ & que5 7 n only satisfi$ ) 8 explanations1 b ?ank$ him = 8 s]vices1 & ass5t$ to 8 proposal t ! inhabitants ( ! ,albayc9 %\ld be puni%$ = high treason1 unless !y pur*as$ _! p>don by be+ baptiz$4 ,! treaty made ) ! ,moors 0 ?\ght to be annull$ by ! viol5ce ( ! ,moslems !mselves4 ,^? :o p]si/$ 9 _! errors retir$ to ! m\nta9s or cross$ ov] into ,b>b>y2 b by f> ! great] "p ( ! ,moors embrac$ ,*ri/ianity1 & ! numb] ( ! conv]ts is comput$ at ab\t #fj1jjj4 ,xim5es & ,talav]a toge!r cate*is$ ! p1 work+ 9 p]fect h>mony1 except 9 ref]5ce to ! translation ( ! ,bible into ,arabic4 ,talav]a wi%$ to make ! v]sion complete1 :ile ,xim5es1 on ! contr>y1 0 ( op9ion t ! ,scriptures %\ld be pres]v$ 9 ! anci5t languages hall[$ by be+ us$ 9 ! inscriptions on ! cross4 ,to place ! ,bible 9 ! vulg> tongue 9 ! h&s ( neophytes & ignorant p]sons 01 he believ$1 to ca/ pe>ls be=e sw9e1 & w\ld c]ta9ly issue 9 spiritual revolt4 ,b ! fri5d%ip ( ! two prelates rema9$ unbrok51 & ,talav]a decl>$ t ! triumphs ( ,xim5es exce$$ ^? ( ,f]d9& & ,isabella1 s9ce !y _h conqu]$ only ! soil1 :ile he _h won ! s\ls ( ,granada4 ,!re c be no d\bt t 9 ! mass ( conv]ts !re 7 _m unwor?y p]sons :o aft]w>d disgrac$ _! pr(ession4 ,x w always be ?us :5 worldly advantages are held out to proselytes2 b ,xim5es knew t ?is w\ld be ! case1 & 0 prep>$ to meet ! evil ) appropriate rem$ies4 ,he believ$ t good on ! :ole w\ld result f 8 decisive measures2 t _m1 to say ! lea/1 ( ! conv]sions w\ld be s9c]e1 & t ! *ildr5 ( ! conv]ts 9 g5]al w\ld be educat$ 9 ! true religion4 #ehc ,we d n criticise 8 conduct1 nei!r d we altoge!r set x up z exempl>y4 ,x 0 m suitable to 8 "t & c\ntry ?an x w\ld be to ours2 & hav+ record$ x fai?fully1 our "w is done4 ,by :atev] means accompli%$1 ! result has be5 a happy "o4 ,islamism1 aft] _m spasmodic attempts at revival1 has di$ out ( ,spa91 & ! cause ( ,european morality & civilization has be5 sav$ f its mo/ =midable enemy4 ,xim5es 0 9 8 sixty-f\r? ye> :5 extreme activity br\ght on a sev]e illness & endang]$ 8 life4 ,e day 8 en]gies 7 divid$ betwe5 ! sov]eigns :o requir$ 8 c\nsel & aid1 & ! conv]ts1 *iefs1 & o!rs :o li/5$ to 8 in/ructions4 ,! k+ & que5 ev9c$ ! greate/ conc]n = him :5 smitt5 d[n ) fev]1 & remov$ him f ! =tress ( ! ,alhambra1 :i* 0 expos$ to ! w9d1 to ! royal summ]-h\se ( ,x5]alifa4 ,isabella 9 p>ticul> be/[$ on ! v5]able prelate h] utmo/ c>e4 ,he 0 soon able to walk along ! banks ( ! ,d>ro & enjoy its pure & brac+ air1 soon able to return to 8 belov$ ,alcal1 :]e he 0 f\nd+ ! univ]sity :i* has made 8 "n bless$ = ev]2 :ile ! que51 s mu* y\ng] ?an himself1 :o _h rais$ him s high1 & f ^: sympa?y & protection he _h s mu* to expect1 ! que5 :o 0 ! mirror ( e virtue1 ! %ield ( ! innoc5t1 & an av5g+ sword to ! wick$1 ,footnote #afi 0 ere long ,footnote #agj to be call$ away f h] e>?ly ?rone1 & leave h] ag$ & fai?ful s]vant to fight 8 way 9 ! mid/ ( ^? :o und]/ood him less p]fectly & priz$ him less highly ?an %e _h done4 ,footnote #afi3 ,pet] ,m>tyr1 ,epi/4 #bgi4 ,footnote #agj3 ,novemb] #bf?1 #aejd4 ,he 0 engag$1 at ?is "t1 9 a great "w4 ,! new univ]sity1 f\nd$ by him at ,alcal 9 #aejj1 became ! rival ( ,salamanca1 & 0 call$ by ! ,spani>ds ! eigh? wond] ( ! _w4 ,f ! mom5t he 0 made ,ar*bi%op ( ,tol$o1 he resolv$ to devote its imm5se rev5ues to ! con/ruction ( ?is seat ( le>n+4 ,! spot 0 pleasant1 ! air pure1 & ! site ( ! anci5t ,complutum 0 hall[$ 9 ! eyes ( all ^: sympa?ies 7 ) ! pa/4 ,gonsalvo ,zegri1 ! conv]t$ ,moor1 assi/$ at lay+ ! f\ndation-/one2 & ,xim5es obta9$ f 8 royal patrons an annual grant & sundry privileges = ! project$ e/abli%m5t4 ,?i!r ,xim5es repair$1 z to 8 fonde/ occupation1 :5ev] ! duties ( /ate & ( 8 diocese p]mitt$4 ,(t5 he might be se5 on ! gr\nd1 ) ! rule 9 8 h&1 tak+ measurem5ts ( ! works1 & enc\rag+ ! labor]s by 8 example & by suitable rew>ds4 ,pope ,julius ,,ii4 issu$ a brief au?oriz+ ! end[m5t1 & ,leo ,x4 aft]w>d augm5t$ ! lib]ties ( ! new f\ndation4 ,! ,college ( ,san ,ildefonso /ood at its head2 9 #aejh1 sev]al /ud5ts arriv$1 & #cc pr(essors ) #ab prie/s 7 in/all$1 :o answ]$ 9 _! numb]s to ! ye>s ( our ,"l's life & 8 college ( apo/les4 ,s*ools 7 atta*$ = bo>d]s1 lectures & disputations 7 set on foot1 classes 7 =m$1 s*ol>%ips f\nd$1 exam9ations publicly conduct$1 & diplomas conf]r$4 ,! intellect ( ! /ud5ts 0 ex]cis$ 9 e bran* ( k--9 ! anci5t languages1 includ+ ,hebrew1 9 !ology1 canon law1 m$ic9e1 anatomy1 surg]y1 philosophy1 moral philosophy1 ma!matics1 rhetoric1 & gramm>4 #ehd ,! physical sci5ces 7 z yet little kn[n & b>ely /udi$4 ,!ology spread its arms widely b5ea? & ar\nd all atta9able k4 ,9 #aead1 ,k+ ,f]d9& visit$ ! univ]sity1 att5d$ "s ( ! lectures1 & express$ 8 admiration ( ! gr&eur & beauty ( ! build+s4 ,!y 7 b a feeble sign ( ! m5tal fabrics :i* ,xim5es 0 rais+ to ! honor ( ,spa9 & = h] s]vice4 ,patriotism bl5d$ 9 him ) religion1 & help$ to make him :at he 04 ,"s ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,xim5es1 ,francis ,i41 ( ,france1 on visit+ ,alcal1 is report$ to h said3 ,y\r c>d9al has und]tak5 & accompli%$ a "w ,i myself c\ld n attempt4 ,! ,univ]sity ( ,p>is1 :i* is ! pride ( my k+dom1 is ! "w ( _m sov]eigns4 ,b ,xim5es alone has f\nd$ "o l x4 ,x 0 by a ru?less decree t ?is gr& & fam\s seat ( le>n+ 0 f9ally brok5 up1 9 #ahej1 by ! creation ( a c5tral univ]sity & ! sale ( ! build+s to ! ,c\nt de ,qu9to4 ,footnote #aga ,! inhabitants resolv$ at lea/ to save ! ri* tomb ( ! illu/ri\s c>d9al1 & ! translation ( 8 rema9s 0 effect$ ) great solemnity on ! #bg? ( ,april1 #aheg4 ,footnote #aga3 ,l',univ]s1 ,june #f?1 #aheg4 ,x 0 9 ?is univ]sity t ,xim5es publi%$ t noble ,polyglot by :i* he e>n$ ! praise & gratitude ( all biblical /ud5ts4 ,! text ( ! sacr$ ,scriptures _h become deplorably corrupt at ! comm5cem5t ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 ow+ to ! inatt5tion or ignorance ( copyi/s4 ,b ! inv5tion ( pr9t+ gave a new impetus to e bran* ( le>n+1 & promis$ biblical s*ol>s great advantages 9 _! /udy ( ! ,bible4 ,f ! ye> #adfb to #aejj no less ?an eighty editions ( ! ,vulgate appe>$2 & ! zeal ( ,jews 9 am5d+ ! ,hebrew text became an invaluable assi/ance to ! labors ( ,*ri/ians 9 ! same field4 ,! con/ant p]v]sion ( ! mean+ ( ,scripture by ^? :o 7 ali5s to ! ,*ur* made x increas+ly necess>y to /udy ! ,bible 9 its orig9al languages1 s z to be able to refute ! impud5t ass]tions ( up/>t div9es4 ,h5ce ,xim5es1 ^: designs 7 naturally gr&1 =m$ ! int5tion n only ( rais+ a new univ]sity1 b ( publi%+ a new edition ( ! ,scriptures 9 _! orig9al tongues1 & ( ?us re/or+ 9 "s measure ! lo/ ,hexapla ( ,orig54 ,no translation1 he held1 c\ld p]fectly repres5t ! orig9al1 & ! ,,mss4 ( ! ,lat9 ,vulgate 7 pa9fully discrepant4 ,x 0 ne$ful1 !re=e1 to g back to ! prime s\rces1 & correct ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t by ! ,hebrew text1 & ^? ( ! ,new ,te/am5t by ! ,greek text4 ,footnote #agb ,footnote #agb3 ,prolegom5a to ! ,polyglot4 ,hav+ ?us resolv$ to revive ! dormant /udy ( ,holy ,writ1 ,xim5es's next /ep 0 to procure assi/ance f le>n$ m51 & access to ! mo/ anci5t ,,mss4 ,sev]al ,jewi% conv]ts 7 enli/$1 &1 besides o!r pr(essors1 a ,greek nam$ ,demetrius ,ducas4 ,!y 7 all h&somely paid & /imulat$ to ! utmo/ ex]tion4 ,make ha/e1 my fri5ds1 ,xim5es w\ld say2 =1 z all ?+s 9 ?is _w are transi5t1 y may lose me or ,i may lose y4 ,let u "w toge!r :ile we c4 ,enorm\s sums 7 sp5t by him 9 ! pur*ase ( ,,mss41 & "s 7 l5t to him by ,pope ,leo ,x41 :o honor$ him z s9c]ely z he lov$ ! f9e arts4 #ehe ,to ^! loans ,xim5es ref]s 9 ! introduction to ! ,polyglot4 ,x is calculat$ by ,gomez t ne>ly #be1jjj /]l+ 7#ej1jjj ducats#abe1jjj7 7 sp5t 9 br++ ! "w to a conclusion4 ,! sale bore no proportion to ! publi%+ exp5ses1 z #fjj copies only 7 /ruck (f1 & ^!1 ?\gh consi/+ ( six folios1 7 sold at six & a half ducats ea*4 ,! price ( ! copies /ill 9 exi/5ce v>ies accord+ to ! /ate 9 :i* !y h be5 pres]v$2 b x ranges f #dj to #ge4 ,! ,polyglot occupi$ fifte5 ye>s 9 its completion1 & ! ,new ,te/am5t1 :i* =ms ! six? volume ( ! "w1 appe>$ fir/ 9 ord] ( "t4 ,! ,greek1 be+ )\t ! acc5ts1 has a /range appe>ance1 b ! editors excuse !mselves on ! gr\nd ( ! acc5ts n hav+ be5 us$ by ! anci5t ,greeks1 nor by ! orig9al writ]s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,! volume1 on ! :ole1 is beautifully pr9t$1 :ile ! gramm> & lexicon :i* accompanies x made x a valuable means ( promot+ ! /udy ( ,greek4 ,! ,p5tateu* appe>$ 9 ,hebrew1 ,*aldee1 & ,greek1 toge!r ) ?ree ,lat9 translations4 ,! roots ( difficult words 9 ! ,hebrew & ,*aldaic texts are giv5 9 ! m>g91 & ?is is no mean assi/ance to beg9n]s 9 /udy+ ^! languages1 9 :i* ! radical mean+ p]vades all ! d]ivatives 9 s m>k$ a degree4 ,altoge!r1 x 0 a boon to mank9d1 munific5t 9 its co/1 noble 9 its design1 beautiful 9 execution1 & z pr(\nd 9 s*ol>%ip z x c\ld be 9 ! age 9 :i* x saw ! light4 ,:5 ,john ,broc>io1 ! pr9t]'s son1 br\ght ! la/ %eets to ! c>d9al 9 8 be/ attire1 ,xim5es rais$ 8 eyes to heav5 ) great joy1 & exclaim$3 ,i give !e ?anks1 ,o ,god mo/ high6 t ?\ ha/ br\ght to a long-wi%$-= end ! "w ,i und]took 9 ?y "n4 ,only f\r mon?s lat] 8 eyes 7 clos$ 9 dea?4 ,! ,complut5sian ,polyglot became v useful 9 prep>+ subsequ5t editions ( ! ,scriptures2 & ?\gh ! labors ( ,griesba*1 ,buxtorf1 ,mi*aelis1 & o!r critics h ?r[n its au?ority into ! %ade1 x 0 an important l9k 9 ! *a9 :i* has issu$ 9 ! pres5t comp>ative purity ( sacr$ texts4 ,all real s*ol>s aw>d x *e]fully _! me$ ( praise1 & ! *>ges br\ght aga9/ x by ,wet/e9 & ,seml] h be5 amply refut$4 ,x is an a/oni%+ production1 consid]+ ! disadvantages "u :i* its compil]s lay1 t !y _h n access to ! be/ & mo/ anci5t ,,mss41 & t ! ,codex ,vaticanus 0 n )9 _! rea*4 ,:at ,,mss4 7 really us$ we %all nev] "k2 =1 besides t _m 7 return$ to _! own]s aft] ! ,polyglot 0 complet$1 o!rs1 :i* _h be5 pur*as$1 7 sold 9 #agdi z wa/e-pap] to a rocket-mak] nam$ ,torzo6 ,z ! re=m ( ! ,franciscan ord] 0 ! fir/ glory ( ! h]mit ( ,ca/aar1 & ! f\ndation ( a great univ]sity ! second1 s ! ,bible ( ,alcal w ev] be reg>d$ z ! ?ird durable monum5t ( ,xim5es's va/ & v>i$ p[]s4 ,b 8 lit]>y labors 7 n conf9$ to ,holy ,writ4 ,he set on foot a complete edition ( ! works ( ,ari/otle2 & ?\gh 8 dea? int]rupt$ ! design1 he 0 able to br+ out _m o!r useful books1 9 ,lat9 & ,spani%1 = ! use ( ! le>n$ & ! in/ruction ( ! p4 ,! dem& = su* works 0 !n /eadily increas+1 & ! supply n be+ equal to x1 !re 0 difficulty 9 f9d+ on sale1 fifty ye>s lat]1 a s+le copy ( ! volumes ,xim5es _h edit$4 #ehf ,ecclesia/ical music-books also1 :i* _h hi!rto be5 9 manuscript1 7 publi%$ by him1 & di/ribut$ ?r\gh ! *ur*es ( 8 diocese1 s t ! ,gregorian *ant1 to :i* he 0 /rongly atta*$1 might be bett] kn[n & practis$4 ,nor did he =get works on agriculture1 be+ desir\s ( promot+ 9 e way ! welf>e ( 8 k9d4 ,f9d+ among ! ,,mss4 9 ! libr>y ( ,tol$o a numb] ( liturgies 9 old ,go?ic *>act]s1 he conceiv$ a design ( rescu+ f de/ruction ! ,moz>abic or ,mixt-,arabic rite4 ,its use 0 long conf9$ to ,tol$o & to "s p>i%es :]e ,*ri/ians liv$ "u ,moori% dom9ion4 ,!n1 9 c\rse ( "t1 ! ,moz>abic families hav+ di$ out1 & ! reign ( ! ,moors be+ at an end1 ! ,gregorian rite sup]s$$ ! old ,go?ic "o1 & ! memory ( x 0 kept alive only by occasional use on c]ta9 fe/ivals4 ,x 0 evid5tly desirable1 = ! sake ( hi/ory & lit]ature1 to collate ! ,,mss4 ( ?is anci5t liturgy1 & pres]ve x 9 a pr9t$ =m = future g5]ations4 ,?is task ,xim5es accompli%$ 9 a mann] wor?y ( 8 compreh5sive g5ius4 ,he pr9t$ a numb] ( ,moz>abic missals & brevi>ies1 *ang+ ! ,go?ic *>act]s into ,ca/ilian1 & erect$ a *apel 9 8 ca!dral :]e ! ,moz>abic ,mass might be said daily4 ,he f\nd$ a college ( ?irte5 prie/s1 :o %\ld recite ! canonical h\rs1 & p]=m o!r functions accord+ to ?is liturgy4 ,robles himself1 ,xim5es's biograph]1 0 "o ( ^! *apla9s4 ,?is f\ndation gave rise to o!rs ( ! same k9d 9 ,salamanca & ,valladolid4 ,!y h fully answ]$ ! purpose ( ! f\nd]1 & ,moz>abic missals c easily be pur*as$ at ! pres5t day4 ,! ob/acles :i* ,xim5es _h to ov]come 9 re=m+ 8 diocese 7 v s]i\s1 b he enc\nt]$ !m ) ! utmo/ firmness4 ,! bi%ops enjoy$ at t p]iod imm5se rev5ues1 ! b5efices ( prie/s 7 ri*ly end[$1 & ! cl]gy 7 too num]\s1 lax 9 morals1 & (t5 extremely ignorant4 ,! corruption ( ! ,ca/ilian c\rt 0 sc&al\s1 & ! natural *ildr5 ( k+s & pr9ces 7 con/antly elevat$ to episcopal sees4 ,! mona/]ies 7 *ang$ into abodes ( luxury1 & x ne$$ a que5 l ,isabella1 & a primate l ,xim5es1 to /em ! tide ( lic5ti\sness4 ,8 fir/ ef=t 0 to re=m ! lives & habits ( 8 *apt]1 & 9 ?is attempt he 0 oppos$ by a canon nam$ ,albornoz1 :om he caus$ to be arre/$ on 8 way to ,rome & ca/ into prison4 ,sev]e measures 7 indisp5sable 9 ! /ate ( society !n exi/+4 ,8 own life z a bi%op 0 /rict 9 ! extreme4 ,he %unn$ all int]c\rse ) wom51 & sitt+ always ) a ,bible op5 be=e him1 he _h no "t = idle & intrusive visitors4 ,8 *>ities made him belov$ by ! poor1 & all ! decrees issu$ by ! synods "u 8 presid5cy t5d$ to revive ! _s & ! =ms ( true religion4 ,! /rict rule ( ! ,obs]vant9es 0 introduc$ into ! ,franciscan ord]1 & ^? :o w\ld n con=m to x 7 expell$ f ! c\ntry4 ,! valiant re=m] rais$ up enemies en\gh by 8 c\rage & zeal2 b hone/ int5tions su* z 8 & =ce ( "* only triumph ! m signally by be+ oppos$4 ,8 fri5ds po9t$ to 8 works ( m]cy z ! be/ answ] to ! calumnies ( petty foes4 #ehg ,he rais$ twelve *ur*es2 he f\nd$ f\r hospitals & eight mona/]ies2 he f$ ?irty poor p]sons daily at 8 palace1 visit$ ! hospitals1 & p5sion$ desolate wid[s4 ,w\ld 8 enemies1 ev5 if !y _h possess$ ! means1 h done ! l8 ,:5 ,isabella di$1 ,xim5es1 hold+ 9 "o h& ! ar*bi%op's cross1 grasp$ 9 ! o!r ! sceptre ( /ate4 ,joanna1 ! consort ( ,philip ! ,fair1 :o inh]it$ ! cr[n ( ,ca/ile1 _h become ! prey ( a disord]$ imag9ation4 ,h] husb& w\ld n reside 9 ,spa91 & %e w\ld n cons5t to live !re )\t him4 ,isabella _h =ese5 h] incompet5cy & probable abs5ce4 ,%e _h appo9t$ ,f]d9& ( ,aragon1 h] own husb&1 ,reg5t ( ,ca/ile1 till h] gr&son ,*>les %\ld h atta9$ 8 tw5tie? ye>4 ,! nobles ( ,ca/ile facti\sly resi/$ ?is wise provision2 & ?\gh ,f]d9& act$ ) prud5ce & mod]ation1 ?\gh he caus$ 8 daught] ,joanna1 ) ,philip h] husb&1 to be proclaim$ sov]eigns1 & cont5t$ himself ) adm9i/]+ ! affairs ( /ate 9 _! abs5ce1 a /ruggle ensu$ 9 :i* ,xim5es sid$ con/antly ) ,f]d9&1 & adh]$ closely to ! t]ms ( ,isabella's w4 ,philip prep>$ an army to drive 8 fa!r-9-law f ,ca/ile1 :ile ,joanna wrote to him reque/+ t he w\ld n resign ! gov]nm5t1 & surr5d]+ h] rights to him 9 ! mo/ e>ne/ & affectionate t]ms4 ,by ! wisdom & resolution ( ,xim5es1 ! rupture betwe5 ,philip & ,f]d9& 0 p>tially heal$4 ,he m$iat$ betwe5 !m ) admirable f9esse1 & 8 success 0 ! m rem>kable because he f\nd 9 ,philip a fai?less1 wrong-head$1 & v9dictive man1 ! slave ( passion & ! dupe ( evil c\nsellors2 :ile ! confid5ce repos$ 9 him by ,f]d9& 0 n always complete1 nor equal at any "t to t plac$ 9 him by ! virtu\s & noble ,isabella4 ,) 8 cons5t ,philip 0 all[$ to h 8 own way1 & to gov]n ,ca/ile )\t ! assi/ance ( ,f]d9&4 ,b ,philip 0 remov$ f ?is _w 9 ! fl[] ( 8 age1 & ?us ! pa? 0 op5$ = ,xim5es becom+ ,reg5t ( ,ca/ile4 ,he 0 by ?is "t ?or\ghly conv]sant ) ! affairs ( /ate4 ,e ,?ursday he gave an audi5ce to ! k+'s *ief m9i/]s1 & he>d f !m ! mo/ important matt]s :i* 7 next day to be br\ght be=e ! c\ncil4 ,on ,friday he gave ^! matt]s aga9 8 c>eful consid]ation1 & !n h&$ 9 a report respect+ !m to ! k+4 ,x 0 9 ,septemb]1 #aejf1 t ,philip di$ aft] a %ort illness1 & ,xim5es1 ) sev]al o!rs1 0 *os5 provisional adm9i/rator ( ! k+dom4 ,8 p[]s 7 soon increas$1 & exalt$ above ^? ( 8 colleagues4 ,he _h a difficult "p to play1 = ! ,ca/ilian nobles 7 passionate & intrigu+1 & ! disconsolate wid[ ,joanna refus$ to endorse 8 au?ority z reg5t4 ,%e sat ne>ly all day long 9 a d>k *amb]1 ) h] face re/+ on h] h&1 sil5t1 bitt]1 & sorr[ful1 li/5+ only at int]vals to sweet music :i* nurs$ h] melan*oly4 ,^! ecc5tricities end$ 9 total d]angem5t4 ,%e dis9t]r$ h] husb&'s corpse at ,miraflors1 contr>y to ! laws ( ! *ur* & to ,philip's w1 & ord]$ x to be convey$ be=e h] by tor*-light to ! t[n ( ,torquemada4 ,endless fun]eal c]emonies 7 p]=m$1 & fanta/ic images ( dea? & grief 7 multipli$ 9 virtue ( h] diseas$ imag9ation4 #ehh ,%e insi/$ on resid+ 9 a little t[n :]e h] c\rt & att5dants c\ld sc>cely f9d a cab9-ro( to scre5 !m f sun & /orm4 ,9 ,augu/1 #aejg1 ! unhappy que51 wild & hagg>d 9 appe>ance1 att5d$ by ! corpse ( h] royal husb&1 met h] fa!r ,f]d9& at ,tortols4 ,) h] cons5t he assum$ ! re9s ( gov]nm5t1 & ,xim5es resign$ 8 p[]s into ! h&s ( ! k+4 ,8 s]vices _h be5 great1 & ,f]d9& 0 too noble to leave !m unrew>d$4 ,! ar*bi%op 0 nam$ ,c>d9al & ,gr&-,inquisitor ( ,ca/ile & ,leon4 ,nev] 0 a c>d9al's hat be/[$ at ,rome ) great] satisfaction2 & ! important (fice ( gr&-inquisitor1 :i* 0 atta*$ to ! high] dignity1 w be e/imat$ m correctly aft] a few obs]vations4 ,x 0 ! op9ion ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 :o h]e9 foll[$ t ( ,/4 ,ambrose & ,/4 ,leo1 t p]sons ought n to be put to dea? = h]esy1 b ! great doctor did n disapprove ( =ce be+ employ$ to re/ra9 & correct h]esy4 ,?is op9ion became ! basis ( ! civil laws ( ,!odosius ,,ii4 & ,val5t9ian ,,iii42 b 9 ! middle ages ! alliance betwe5 *ur* & /ate 0 mu* clos] ?an x _h be5 9 e>li] ye>s1 & x 0 usual to puni% ob/9ate h]esy z a tw(old crime wor?y ( dea?4 ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as def5ds ?is z reasonable1 b ,/4 ,b]n>d 0 9 favor ( a m l5i5t policy4 ,ecclesia/ical tribunals 7 e/abli%$ 9 :i* cases ( h]esy 7 tri$1 & ! civil magi/rates 7 requir$ by law to c>ry into effect ! judgm5t ( bi%ops4 ,papal legates also1 l ,pet] de ,ca/elnau1 7 (t5 entru/$ ) inquisitorial p[]s4 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,t\l\se1 9 #abbi1 issu$ v>i\s decrees relative to ! suppression ( h]esy1 ,footnote #agc & may ?us be consid]$ z f\nd+ ! fir/ inquisition4 ,footnote #agd ,! ,dom9icans especially 7 employ$ 9 ! "w ( extirpat+ h]esy1 & b = ! ex]tions ( su* m5 ! nations ( ,europe w\ld h be5 ov]run ) ,mani*aeism & v>i\s o!r =ms ( pe/il5t error4 ,! ,jews settl$ 9 ,spa91 p5etrat$ 9 disguise e bran* ( society1 & /rove 9 e age to ,judaize ! p4 ,! inquisition 0 direct$ 9 a p>ticul> mann] aga9/ ?is subtle influ5ce1 & ! peculi> nature ( ! evil requir$ peculi> rem$ies & antidotes4 ,x 0 ,judaism 9 ! *ur* t x labor$ to extirpate1 & n ! race ( ,israel dwell+ 9 ! ,p59sula4 ,footnote #agc3 ,h>du91 tome vii4 pp4 #agc-agh4 ,footnote #agd3 ,von ,hefele1 p4 #bhf4 ,! inquisitors ( ,seville took (fice 9 #adha1 & 7 appo9t$ by ! sov]eigns ,f]d9& & ,isabella4 ,no?+ 0 m natural ?an t !y %\ld seek to rid ! body politic ( a gangr5e s fatal z secret ,judaism4 ,yet ,sixtus ,,iv4 _h occasion to rebuke ! royal inquisitors = _! ne$less sev]ity & to take measures = ! mitigation ( _! s5t5ces4 ,b ! tribunal 0 plac$ m & m "u ! control ( ! /ate1 & :e!r cl]gym5 or laym5 7 employ$1 !y 7 alike subs]vi5t to ! ,spani% gov]nm5t4 ,9 #adib1 :51 by a memorable edict1 ! ,jews 7 ord]$ to quit ,spa91 unless !y submitt$ to be baptiz$1 ! sph]e ( ! inquisition's labors became greatly enl>g$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! increas$ numb] ( ,jews :o pr(ess$ ,*ri/ianity f worldly motives alone4 ,! ,moriscos also1 or baptiz$ ,moors1 came )9 ! sph]e ( its action2 & x 0 introduc$ into ,granada by ! advice ( ! second gr&-inquisitor1 ,deza1 9 ord] to prev5t _! relaps+ into ,islamism4 #ehi ,! sov]eigns ( ,ca/ile & ,aragon promot$ ! inquisition = o!r motives besides ^? "h allud$ to4 ,!y us$ x z an in/rum5t = consolidat+ _! own p[] & break+ t ( ! cl]gy & nobles4 ,piombal1 at a lat] p]iod1 did ! same 9 ,portugal4 ,h5ce x 0 popul> ) ! l[] classes1 dete/$ by ! ari/ocracy1 & (t5 c5sur$ by popes4 ,to ^! facts ,ranke & ,balmez abundantly te/ify1 & _! evid5ce is confirm$ by t ( ,h5ry ,leo1 ,guizot1 ,havemann1 ,l5ormant1 ,de ,mai/re1 & ,spittl]4 ,! falsehoods ( ,llor5te respect+ ! inquisition h be5 fully expos$1 & ^? :o sift ! matt] ?or\ghly w f9d t x 0 latt]ly m a political ?an a religi\s in/itution2 t ! cruelties x ex]cis$ h be5 enorm\sly exagg]at$2 t x 0 9 accordance ) pr9ciples univ]sally recogniz$ 9 its day2 t its puni%m5ts1 h[ev] sev]e1 7 9 keep+ ) ! ord9>y p5al laws2 t ! popes con/antly endeavor$ to mitigate its decrees2 t ,gregory ,,xiii41 ,paul ,,iii41 ,pius ,,iv41 & ,innoc5t ,,xii41 9 p>ticul>1 reclaim$ aga9/ its rigors2 t its int5tions 7 good on ! :ole2 its proce$+s temp]$ ) m]cy2 & t ,xim5es1 ! ?ird gr&-inquisitor1 conduct$ himself 9 t (fice ) mod]ation & humanity1 provid$ = ! in/ruction ( ,jewi% & ,moori% conv]ts1 & adopt$ e exp$i5t to dim9i% ! numb] ( judicial cases res]v$ = ! tribunal ( ! inquisition4 ,footnote #age ,footnote #age3 ,von ,hefele1 p4 #chg4 ,he caus$ ,luc]o1 ! cruel inquisitor ( ,cordova1 to be arre/$1 tri$1 & depos$ f 8 high functions4 ,he protect$ ,lebrija1 ,v]g>a1 & o!r le>n$ m5 f envi\s asp]sions1 & kept a /rict wat* ov] ! (fic]s ( ! inquisition1 le/ !y %\ld exce$ _! in/ructions or abuse _! p[]4 ,he endeavor$1 b )\t success 9 ,f]d9&'s lifetime1 to exclude laym5 f ! c\ncil1 & ?us free ! tribunal z f> z possible f /ate influ5ce4 ,! numb] ( ^? :o suff]$ puni%m5t "u 8 rgime has be5 greatly exagg]at$ by ,llor5te2 & if he introduc$ ! inquisition into ,oran1 ,am]ica1 & ! ,can>y ,isles1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t its jurisdiction ext5d$ ov] ! old ,*ri/ians settl$ !re1 & n ov] ! natives4 ,9 review+ ,xim5es's conduct 9 su* matt]s1 we mu/ nev] lose sight ( ! fact t absolute unity ( religion 0 !n ! aim ( all ,ca?olic gov]nm5ts1 :]eas circum/ances are n[ alt]$1 & ! "q ( religi\s lib]ty1 ?\gh ! same 9 ! ab/ract1 is :olly *ang$ 9 its practical application4 ,b ! sc5e n[ *anges4 ,we h se5 ! h]mit ( ,ca/aar d(f 8 c[l to we> a mitre1 f\nd ! ,univ]sity ( ,alcal1 edit ! fam\s ,polyglot1 & rule z reg5t ! k+dom ( ,ca/ile4 ,we %all n[ behold him m\nt a w>-*>g]1 place himself at ! head ( an army1 & lead x to victory on ! coa/s ( ,africa4 ,we %all admire & wond] at ! v]satility ( 8 g5ius1 & ! resolution & activity :i* no difficulties c\ld break nor advanc+ ye>s slack54 ,x w\ld be easy to po9t out resemblances betwe5 ,xim5es & ! fi]y ,*a?am1 nor c we wond] t ! latt] /atesman admir$ ! =m] m ?an any o!r "* 9 hi/ory4 ,footnote #agf ,footnote #agf3 ,horace ,walpole's ,george ,,ii4 p4 iii4 #ai4 #eij ,! c>d9al _h a d\ble reason = advis+ ,f]d9& to employ ! troops :i* ,gonsalvo de ,cordova _h l$ to victory 9 ,italy1 9 ! conque/ ( "s /ronghold on ! ,african coa/4 ,maz>quivir 0 tak5 9 #aeje1 & ,xim5es1 exp&+ 8 designs z usual1 conceiv$ a va/] project = a new crusade & ! recov]y ( ! ,holy ,sepul*re4 ,x _h be5 = ages ! favorite & (t-baffl$ s*eme ( popes & ,*ri/ian pr9ces4 ,x seem$ to realize e hope ( ,ca?olic dom9ation 9 ,europe1 & to involve ! d[nfall ( ,islamism4 ,! idea 0 z glori\s z ! accompli%m5t w\ld be useful to humanity4 ,x 0 ! cause ( civilization aga9/ b>b>ism1 & ( tru? aga9/ error4 ,b ! /rife betwe5 ,philip & ,f]d9&1 already ref]r$ to1 completely fru/rat$ x1 & ! loss ( ,maz>quivir1 9 #aejg1 suppli$ ,xim5es ) an opportunity ( oppos+ ,mohamm$anism ne>] home & "u m urg5t circum/ances4 ,at 8 e>ne/ reque/ a fleet 0 fitt$ out = ! conque/ ( ,oran4 ,t city 0 /rongly =tifi$1 ri* & p[]ful1 & 9 its h>bors 7 a multitude ( cruis]s1 ev] ready to sweep ! %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean & c>ry (f _! victims to be sold z slaves4 ,?\gh 9 8 sev5ty-second ye>1 ?\gh hamp]$ by ! infirmities common at su* an age1 ,xim5es resolv$ to m>* 9 p]son to ! conque/ ( ?is place1 & to furni% ! means requir$ = ! exp$ition out ( 8 own rev5ues4 ,he w\ld ?us1 he ?\ght1 be able to pursue 8 own plans ) great] fre$om1 & exempt ! k+ f responsibility & loss :i* he might n be able or will+ to incur4 ,!re 7 ^? :o sne]$ at ! c>d9al's gird+ on 8 sword1 & murmur$ t he _h bett] tell 8 beads1 b ,f]d9& knew well ! temp] ( 8 m9d4 ,he will+ly plac$ at 8 disposal all ! =ces t c\ld be rais$1 & gave him a l>ge numb] ( blank pap]s1 sign$ only ) ! royal manual1 to be fill$ up z ! great c>d9al might ?9k prop]4 ,f\rte5 ?\s& m5 7 soon "u arms1 & ,c\nt ,p$ro ,nav>ro 0 appo9t$ by ,xim5es comm&] ( ! =ces4 ,a titul> bi%op 0 at ! head ( "o division1 & all ! g5]als 7 di/+ui%$ = _! valor4 ,dur+ "s ye>s ,xim5es _h be5 husb&+ 8 res\rces = "s su* ent]prise1 & subsidies fl[$ 9 f o!r *ur*es & dioceses4 ,intrigues & jeal\sies delay$ = a:ile ! sail+ ( ! exp$ition4 ,nav>ro /rove to obta9 ! sole comm&4 ,f]d9& 0 (t5 wav]+4 ,a mut9y broke out 9 ! army4 ,! soldi]s dem&$ _! pay 9 advance4 ,b ! voice ( ! c>d9al calm$ ! /orm1 & ! soldi]s1 be+ promis$ a "p ( _! pay z soon z !y _h emb>k$1 ha/5$ to ! %ips ) ! m]ry s\nd ( trumpets4 ,on ! #af? ( ,may1 #aeji1 ! fleet weigh$ an*or4 ,t5 galleys1 eighty l>ge transports1 & _m small] vessels trav]s$ ! /raits1 & on ! foll[+ day--! ,fea/ ( ! ,asc5sion--,xim5es ) 8 fleet & army an*or$ 9 ! port ( ,maz>quivir4 ,he pass$ ! night 9 giv+ 8 in/ructions2 & ?\gh 8 heal? & /r5g? 7 impair$ by age1 toil1 & /udy1 8 en]gy fill$ ! troops ) confid5ce & en?usiasm4 ,he summon$ ,nav>ro be=e him1 & entru/$ ! conduct ( ! army to him alone1 yet ! relative positions ( ! c>d9al & ! comm&] 7 n1 aft] all1 cle>ly def9$ #eia ,! l9es 7 =m$ 9 ord] ( battle1 :5 a /rik+ sc5e pres5t$ itself4 ,oran 0 to be attack$ by sea & l&4 ,a m5dicant fri> 0 trans=m$ into a *iefta9 & a h]o4 ,=? he rode1 m\nt$ on a mule1 ) a sword belt$ ov] 8 pontifical robes4 ,_m ecclesia/ics surr\nd$ him4 ,canons & prie/s 7 8 body-gu>d4 ,swords & scimit>s hung f _! girdles1 & be=e !m rode a giant ,franciscan on a :ite *>g]1 be>+ ! primate's silv] cross & ! arms ( ! h\se ( ,cisn]os4 ,! hymn ,vexilla regis prodeunt rose to heav5 z ! cavalcade advanc$2 & ! c>d9al1 rid+ along ! ranks1 impos$ sil5ce & h>angu$ ! troops4 ,8 words 7 few1 b full ( fire4 ,! mo!rs ( ,spa91 he said1 ^: *ildr5 _h be5 dragg$ into slav]y1 7 pro/rate at t mom5t be=e ! alt> ( ,god1 pray+ = success to 8 soldi]s' arms4 ,he desir$ to %>e _! dang]1 rememb]+ h[ _m bi%ops :o _h prec$$ him 9 ! see ( ,tol$o _h di$ glori\sly on ! battle-field4 ,(fic]s & m5 7 excit$ to ! utmo/ by ,xim5es's address1 b :5 he 0 ab\t to place himself at _! head1 !y entreat$ him ) "o voice n to expose s preci\s a life4 ,he retir$1 !re=e1 )9 ! =tress ( ,maz>quivir1 & !re1 9 ! oratory ( ,/4 ,mi*ael1 implor$ ! ,god ( battles to cr[n 8 troops ) victory4 ,sc>cely _h he ent]$ ! =t1 :5 ! folly ( ,nav>ro compell$ ! c>d9al to int]f]e4 ,! comm&] _h ord]$ ! cavalry to rema9 inactive1 because ! c\ntry 0 s hilly1 & if ,xim5es _h n resolutely insi/$ on _! support+ ! foot-soldi]s1 ! day w\ld probably h be5 lo/4 ,) l en]gy ,xim5es condemn$ any delay z crim9al1 & prev5t$ ,nav>ro f def]r+ ! combat1 z he propos$1 to ! next day1 :5 ! arrival ( ! *ief-vizi] ( ,tremes5 ) /rong re-en=cem5ts w\ld h be5 dang]\s1 if n fatal1 to ! ,spani>ds' prospect ( success4 ,! infantry1 !re=e1 9 f\r battalions1 advanc$ imm$iately up ! sides ( ! si]ra1 %\t+1 ,santiago1 ,santiago6 ,a %[] ( /ones & arr[s 0 hurl$ on !m by ! ,moors1 & ! position 0 ob/9ately disput$4 ,b a batt]y ( guns play+ on ! enemy's flank1 !y wav]$ & fl$1 :ile ! ,spani>ds1 9 spite ( contr>y ord]s1 pursu$ & slaught]$ !m ) great havoc4 ,! fleet1 mean:ile1 bomb>d$ ! city1 &1 ?\gh ill provid$ ) ladd]s1 ! ,*ri/ian troops scal$ ! walls1 plant$ _! colors1 & ) l\d cries ( ,santiago y ,xim5es6 op5$ ! gates to _! comrades4 ,9 va9 did _! g5]al call !m (f f ! "w ( c>nage4 ,no age or sex 0 sp>$2 till at la/1 we>y ) plund] & but*]y1 !y sank d[n 9 ! /reets1 & slept beside ! corpses ( _! foes4 ,f\r ?\s& ,moors 7 said to h fall51 & only ?irty ,spani>ds4 ,! booty 0 c\nt$ at half a million ( gold ducats4 ,! c>d9al sp5t ! night 9 prais+ ,god1 & ! next day1 proce$+ by sea to ,oran1 made a solemn entry4 ,! troops hail$ him z ! conqu]or1 b he 0 he>d to say al\d1 ,non nobis1 ,dom9e1 s$ nom9i tuo da gloriam4 ,he set at lib]ty ?ree hundr$ ,*ri/ian captives2 & :5 ! entire spoil ( ! city 0 pres5t$ to him1 he res]v$ no?+ = himself1 b set ap>t a portion = ! k+1 & divid$ ! re/ among 8 troops4 ,sixty pieces ( cannon fell into 8 h&s1 & x seem$ little less ?an a miracle t a place s def5d$ %\ld h be5 tak5 9 a few h\rs4 #eib ,o!rs affirm$ t !re _h be5 traitors among ! inhabitants1 & t ,xim5es _h ga9$ ov] to 8 side "s p]sons :o act$ z spies & gave him secret intellig5ce4 ,! mosques 7 soon conv]t$ into *ur*es1 & a bran* ( ! inquisition 0 e/abli%$1 le/ conv]t ,jews %\ld ha/5 f ,spa9 to ,oran & r5\nce ! ,*ri/ian religion ) impunity4 ,x n[ became a "q :e!r ! w> %\ld be pu%$ fur!r into ,africa4 ,! p ( ,tremes51 /ung to madness by ! fall ( ,oran1 _h massacr$ ! ,*ri/ian m]*ants & slaught]$ ev5 ! ,jews4 ,b ,nav>ro _h gr[n jeal\s ( ,xim5es1 & scorn$ to obey ord]s issu$ by a monk4 ,he in=m$ ! c>d9al t 8 p[] expir$ ) ! siege ( ,oran1 & t1 if he rema9$ ) ! army any long]1 he w\ld be treat$ z a private individual4 ,to ?is indignity ,xim5es w\ld n submit1 yet he _h no desire to cont9ue 9 ,africa4 ,a lett] ( ,f]d9&'s1 :i* he saw by *ance1 in/ruct$ ,nav>ro to deta9 him !re z long z might be ne$ful2 & he suspect$ t ! k+ wi%$ him to langui% & die on a =eign %ore4 ,he knew t ,f]d9& c\ld ill be> to see ! glory ( ,gonsalvo de ,cordova1 ! great capta91 & 8 special fri5d1 to be obscur$ by t ( a g5]al 9 a monk's c[l1 b he 0 n dispos$ to gratify 8 royal ma/] by dy+ be=e 8 "t4 ,j a week aft] he _h l&$1 ! c>d9al set sail on 8 return4 ,he rema9$ sev5 days at ,c>?ag5a2 e/abli%$ a l9e ( transports to run betwe5 x & ,oran1 & !n dep>t$ = ,alcal1 :]e he made 8 entry ) a sort ( milit>y triumph4 ,a "p ( ! walls _h be5 brok5 d[n = him to pass ?r\gh1 b ?is honor he decl9$1 & cont5t$ himself ) ent]+ ?r\gh ! usual gate1 prec$$ by ,moori% slaves lead+ camels lad5 ) booty4 ,! keys ( ,oran1 *&eli]s f ! mosques1 bann]s1 & ,arabic ,,mss4 on m$ic9e & a/rology 7 pres5t$ to ! univ]sity2 & a tablet 0 plac$ 9 ! ,moz>abic *apel ( ! ca!dral ( ,tol$o1 ) an inscription record+ ! success ( ! exp$ition4 ,"s ( ^! curiosities are /ill %[n to visitors 9 ! ca!dral2 b ! fame ( ,xim5es has little ne$ ( su* memorials4 ,z a m>tial exp$ition 0 an ent]prise lea/ to be expect$ ( him1 s x is t :i* m>ks him mo/ prom95tly on ! page ( hi/ory4 ,! capture ( ,oran l$ to fur!r conque/s on ! coa/s ( ,africa2 yet1 aft] all1 ! decl9+ p[] ( ,spa9 made x difficult to reta9 :at %e _h acquir$1 & impossible to ext5d h] dom9ions4 ,9 #agij1 aft] a dreadful e>?quake1 ,oran fell into ! h&s ( ! ,dey ( ,algi]s4 ,s9ce !n1 x has be5 annex$ to ! ,fr5* empire1 "u conditions m favorable to civilization ?an x enjoy$ "u ,spani% rule4 ,"o ( ! conditions atta*$ by ,xim5es to ! conque/ ( ,oran _h be5 t x %\ld ei!r be annex$ to ! ar*bi%opric ( ,tol$o1 or t ! exp5ses he might incur %\ld be refund$ f ! treasury4 ,cabals1 h[ev]1 7 rais$ aga9/ him4 ,he 0 *>g$ ) hav+ enri*$ himself1 & ! promis$ conditions seem$ likely to /ay unfulfill$4 ,he p]si/$ 9 8 claim1 wrote to ,f]d9& on ! subject1 & 0 mortifi$ by see+ a commission appo9t$ to exam9e 8 private ap>tm5ts1 9 ord] to asc]ta9 :at "p ( ! spoils he _h res]v$ = himself4 #eic ,! acc\nt-book1 :i* he h&$ to ! commission]1 0 ! only reply he made to ?is indignity4 ,n long aft]1 ! k+ propos$ t he %\ld ex*ange ! ar*bi%opric ( ,tol$o = t ( ,z>agoza1 & yield ! primacy to ,f]d9&'s natural son1 a brave w>rior & able politician1 b a worldly prelate4 ,to ?is unwor?y proposal ,xim5es made answ] t he w\ld nev] ex*ange 8 see = any o!r4 ,he 0 will+ to return to ! pov]ty ( a cloi/]1 b if he held any see at all x %\ld be t "o ov] :i* ,provid5ce _h appo9t$ him to rule4 ,cold & caprici\s z ,f]d9& 0 sometimes t[>d ! c>d9al1 he treat$ him ) ! same respect z ev] :5 8 own int]e/s or ^? ( ! /ate seem$ to require x4 ,:5 he _h esp\s$ ! cause ( ,julius ,,ii4 aga9/ ! ,k+ ( ,france1 he s5t = ,xim5es to meet him at ,seville & aid him ) 8 c\nsels4 ,x 0 9 ! dep? ( w9t]1 b ! c>d9al promptly obey$ ! summons4 ,he admir$ ! bold attitude assum$ by ! pope1 & he>tily sympa?iz$ ) 8 ef=ts to recov] ! t]ritories :i* _h be5 torn f ! ,*ur*1 to ext5d ! temporal sov]eignty ( ! successor ( ,/4 ,pet]1 to compel 8 vassals to obey him1 & to humble ! p[] ( ,v5ice1 !n mi/ress ( almo/ all 8 seaports4 ,he saw ) satisfaction ! bl[s inflict$ on ! pride & insol5ce ( ! ,baglionis & ,b5tivoglios1 & he approv$ ( ! ,league ( ,cambray1 by :i* ,julius ,,ii41 ,l\is ,,xii41 ! ,emp]or ( ,g]many1 & ! ,k+ ( ,spa9 b\nd !mselves to enfeeble ,v5ice & av5ge ! injuries %e _h done to ! doma9s ( ! ,*ur*4 ,b ,xim5es1 ?\gh he concurr$ 9 ! papal policy z reg>ds ,v5ice1 %>$ also ! fe>s ( ! sov]eign pontiff le/ ,france %\ld ext5d h] possessions 9 ! nor? ( ,italy4 ,he ju/ifi$ ,julius ,,ii4 9 )draw+ f ! ,league into :i* he _h ent]$1 & 0 prep>$ to af=d him e assi/ance 9 resi/+ ! arrogance ( ,l\is ,,xii4 :5 he seiz$ on ,bologna & conv5$ a c\ncil at ,pisa1 9 defiance ( ! ,holy ,see4 ,! adhesion ( ,f]d9& & ,xim5es enc\rag$ ,pope ,julius to =m an alliance ) ,v5ice1 & ?us to oppose ! unit$ =ces ( ! ,emp]or ,maximilian & ,l\is ,,xii4 ,"u ! auspices ( ^! pr9ces a s*ismatical c\ncil d>$ to assemble at ,pisa1 & aft]w>d at ,milan4 ,sev5 insubord9ate c>d9als & tw5ty bi%ops1 *iefly ,fr5*1 7 pres5t at ! op5+1 & 9 ! eigh? & n9? sessions !y audaci\sly decl>$ ,julius ,,ii4 depos$4 ,b a g5]al c\ncil1 conv5$ by ! pope1 met 9 ! ,lat]an 9 #aeab1 condemn$ ^! s*ismatical proce$+s1 & re/or$ ! wav]+ to ob$i5ce4 ,ev5 ,maximilian des]t$ ! ,k+ ( ,france1 & ,h5ry ,,viii4 ( ,engl& sid$ ) ,f]d9& aga9/ ! pope's enemies4 ,x may "h be m5tion$ t ,xim5es 0 av]se to ! di/ribution ( indulg5ces "u ,julius ,,ii4 & ,leo ,x4 = ! completion ( ,/4 ,pet]'s 9 ,rome4 ,! gr\nd on :i* he disapprov$ ( x 01 t ! relaxation ( temporal puni%m5t :i* ^! indulg5ces conf]r$ might weak5 & di/urb ecclesia/ical discipl9e4 ,dev\tly submissive z he 0 to ! ,holy ,see1 he nev]!less1 z ,gomez relates1 advis$ ,f]d9& to enact a law by :i* all papal bulls %\ld1 be=e publication1 be submitt$ to a m9i/] ( /ate4 ,8 object 0 to gu>d aga9/ abuses1 s9ce disp5sations 7 (t5 obta9$ too easily f ,rome4 #eid ,dur+ ,f]d9&'s la/ illness1 ,xim5es occupi$ a prom95t po/ 9 ! affairs ( /ate2 & on "o occasion1 :5 ! sov]eign 0 abs5t f ,ca/ile1 ! gov]nm5t 0 entru/$ to him1 9 conc]t ) ! royal c\ncil4 ,x 01 !re=e1 natural t1 :5 ! k+ di$1 he %\ld be appo9t$ reg5t dur+ ! m9ority ( ,*>les ,v4 ,f]d9& _h1 x is true1 object$ to him z too au/]e1 b he yield$ to ! advice ( o!rs1 & cons5t$ to ! appo9tm5t imm$iately be=e receiv+ ! la/ sacram5ts4 ,x 01 he ?\ght1 an advantage 9 8 case n to h be5 born ( a noble family1 s9ce he c\ld on t acc\nt conduct ! adm9i/ration ) great] imp>tiality4 ,?us1 on ! #bc;d ( ,janu>y1 #aeaf1 ,xim5es became once m ! rul] ( a nation daily ris+ 9 importance4 ,ano!r claimant ( supreme p[] appe>$ on ! sc5e4 ,?is 0 ,dean ,hadrian1 aft]w>d pope1 :o _h be5 tutor to ,pr9ce ,*>les1 & :o produc$ a docum5t sign$ by ! pr9ce1 au?oriz+ him to assume ! reg5cy ( ,ca/ile 9 ! ev5t ( ,f]d9&'s demise4 ,! legal decision on ! "q 0 unfavorable to ,hadrian's claim2 b ,xim5es1 wi%+ to avoid disputes1 cons5t$ to rule conjo9tly ) 8 rival until ,*>les himself %\ld decide by :i* ( ! two he w\ld be repres5t$4 ,no?+ c\ld exce$ ! promptitude & en]gy ( ! c>d9al's measures4 ,if an insurrection broke out1 troops 7 despat*$ in/antly to suppress x4 ,madrid 0 9 ! neighborhood ( 8 own vassals1 & he !re=e *ose x z ! seat ( gov]nm5t1 le/ he might 9 "s o!r place be expos$ to ! viol5ce ( int]f]+ gr&ees4 ,! au?ority giv5 9 ! fir/ in/ance to ,xim5es 0 fully confirm$ by ,*>les1 & 9 a lett] :i* he address$ to ! c>d9al he decl>$ t ! mo/ excell5t clause he _h f\nd 9 8 gr&fa!r's w 0 t by :i* ,xim5es 0 inve/$ ) ! gov]nm5t ( ! k+dom & ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice4 ,! fame ( ! consummate wisdom1 exp]i5ce1 & em95t virtues ( ! c>d9al _h rea*$1 he said1 ev5 ,fl&]s2 & he !re=e enjo9$ on all ! memb]s ( 8 family1 ! nobles & prelates1 to recognize him z reg5t4 ,to ,hadrian ! pr9ce assign$ a subord9ate po/1 & e arrangem5t 0 made ) due reg>d to ! rights ( ! unhappy ,que5 ,joanna1 ^: d]angem5t made h] practically a ciph]1 ?\gh nom9ally supreme rul]4 ,h] "n prec$$ t ( h] son ,*>les 9 all public docum5ts2 b ! pr9ce 0 proclaim$ ,k+ ( ,ca/ile by ord] ( ,xim5es4 ,x 0 n until ,*>les arriv$ 9 ,spa9 t ! ,cortes ( ,aragon cons5t$ to recognize 8 title z k+ ( t c\ntry also4 ,! height ( p[] is g5]ally ! height ( discom=t4 ,_m ( ! nobles comb9$ to h>ass ,xim5es1 & incite ! p to rebel aga9/ a monk ( base extraction4 ,!y que/ion$ 8 au?ority1 & decid$ on s5d+ mess5g]s to ,fl&]s to dem& 8 dismissal4 ,! c>d9al1 h[ev]1 0 fully appris$ ( all _! plans2 & x is said by ,gomez t1 :5 "s ( !m wait$ on him to ask = ! docum5ts 9 virtue ( :i* he held ! reg5cy1 he took !m to ! w9d[1 & %[+ !m a p>k ( artill]y1 said1 ,^! are ! p[]s by :i* ,i gov]n ,ca/ile accord+ to ! k+'s w & comm&4 #eie ,he took1 inde$1 if ,pet] ,m>tyr c be cr$it$1 great int]e/ & pleasure 9 milit>y affairs4 ,he _h he>d ,f]d9& expatiate on ! advantages ( a militia z oppos$ to an army recruit$ f diff]5t c\ntries2 & n[ t he 0 wield+ dictatorial p[]1 he resolv$ to put ! s*eme 9 execution4 ,he conf]r$ ) ! s5ate1 & issu$ a proclamation invit+ ! enli/m5t ( volunte]s4 ,!y 71 ) ! exception ( (fic]s & musicians1 to s]ve )\t pay1 b 9 return !y 7 exempt$ f taxes1 socages1 & all o!r *>ges4 ,imm$iate success att5d$ ?is measure4 ,?irty ?\s& citiz5s 7 spe$ily enroll$1 & 7 daily drill$ 9 public4 ,! complim5ts paid to ,xim5es by ambassadors1 & ! envi\s cavill+s ( =eign pr9ces1 suffici5tly prov$ ! wisdom ( ?is organization4 ,x enc\nt]$ great opposition f ! nobles1 b1 be+ endors$ by ! special approval ( ,*>les1 x triumph$ ultimately ov] e ob/acle4 ,xim5es's att5tion1 at ! same "t1 0 turn$ to ! m>itime p[] ( ! k+dom4 ,he add$ tw5ty trireme galleys to ! navy1 & put ! entire fleet 9 movem5t aga9/ ! ,moors & pirates :o infe/$ ! ,spani% coa/s4 ,! seas 7 ?us cle>$ ( ,r$ ,rov]s1 & ,pope ,leo ,x4 congratulat$ ! c>d9al on ! success ( 8 m>9e adm9i/ration4 ,8 gov]nm5t 0 assail$ on all sides1 b ! great *ur*man 0 nev] at a loss4 ,:e!r he _h to meet invad+ =ces on ! fronti]1 or suppress rebellion 9 ! int]ior1 he 0 9 ! highe/ degree prompt & resolute2 he /ruck t]ror into 8 foes1 & e>n$ ! abs5t sov]eign's w>me/ gratitude4 ,he 0 equally att5tive to ! details ( gov]nm5t & to its g5]al aims4 ,he caus$ exact acc\nts to be drawn up ( ! rev5ues1 f9ances1 & laws ( ! ?ree milit>y ord]s2 & 0 prep>+ simil> docum5ts relative to ! k+dom at l>ge :5 arre/$ 9 8 labors by ! h& ( dea?4 ,to relieve ! royal treasury he suppress$ num]\s s9ecures1 beg9n+ ) ^? held by 8 own fri5ds1 & remon/rat$ ) ,*>les on 8 lavi% exp5diture4 ,successful z ,xim5es _h be5 9 ! capture ( ,oran1 x 0 8 mis=tune aft]w>d to be foil$ & wor/$ by a robb]4 ,! "n ( ,horac ,b>b>ossa 0 fe>$ ?r\gh\t ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,he 0 sc>cely tw5ty ye>s ( age :5 a pirate-fleet ( =ty galleys sail$ "u 8 comm&4 ,?\gh a cannon-ball c>ri$ (f 8 left arm 9 an attack on ,bugia 9 #aeae1 he return$ to ! assault1 took ! citadel1 & put ! entire ,*ri/ian g>rison to dea?4 ,he r\s$ ! fanaticism ( ! ,moslems1 & excit$ !m to ?r[ (f ! ,spani% yoke4 ,! ,k+ ( ,algi]s s\ght 8 aid aga9/ ! ,spani>ds2 b ! trea*]\s pirate murd]$ 8 fri5d 9 a ba?1 seiz$ ! ?rone1 & refus$ to pay tribute to ,spa94 ,he also took ! ,k+ ( ,tunis prison]1 & put him to dea?4 ,a talkative & bragg+ g5]al1 nam$ ,v]a1 0 s5t by ,xim5es ) #hjjj m5 to r$uce ?is brig& & usurp] to subjection4 ,b he 0 too /rong & skilful = ! blund]+ ,v]a4 ,! ,spani% exp$ition utt]ly fail$1 & ! two-arm$ g5]al :o c\ld n beat ! "o-arm$ buccane] 0 an object ( ridicule & scorn to wom5 & *ildr5 :5 he return$ to ,spa94 #eif ,! conque/ ( ,granada _h be5 ! means ( br++ into public notice two ( ! greate/ m5 ( t or any o!r age4 ,! appo9tm5t ( ,talav]a to ! see ( ,granada l$ to ,xim5es be+ summon$ to c\rt to fill 8 place z confessor to ! que52 & 9 ! joy felt by ,isabella at ! f9al victory ov] ! ,moors 9 ,spa9 %e grant$ ,columbus ! vessels he _h solicit$ dur+ _m ye>s4 ,9 ,m>*1 #adic1 ! glori\s adv5tur] return$ f ! f> ,we/1 & br\ght ) him num]\s pro(s ( ! ext5t & importance ( 8 di/ant discov]ies4 ,! natives :om he _h on bo>d 8 %ips increas$ ! desire ( ,f]d9& & ,isabella to imp>t ! bless+s ( ,*ri/ianity to _! new subjects2 & ,xim5es1 !n occupi$ ) ! conv]sion ( ! ,spani% ,moors1 0 anxi\s to co-op]ate ) ! sov]eigns = ! repression ( crime & cruelty 9 ! ,am]ican colonies1 & 9 ! in/ruction ( ! caciques & ! ,indian tribes 9 ! fai? ( ! gospel4 ,x is well kn[n h[ long & h[ mis]ably ^! pi\s designs 7 fru/rat$ by ! b>b>ity ( ,spani% gov]nors1 ! rapacity & lic5se ( ,spani% sailors1 convicts1 & settl]s4 ,x is n surpris+ t ! cacique ,hatuey v[$ he w\ld r n g to heav5 if ! ,spani>ds 7 !re4 ,! royal decrees respect+ slav]y _h be5 hesitat+ & contradictory2 nor 7 ! religi\s ord]s 9 ! ,new ,_w agre$ z to ! practice t %\ld be pursu$4 ,"s ( ! gov]nors all[$ ! natives to be treat$ z slaves1 :ile o!rs receiv$ ord]s f ! home gov]nm5t to limit slav]y to ! case ( cannibals4 ,:5 ,xim5es became reg5t1 he c>efully inve/igat$ ! matt]1 he>d a numb] ( witnesses1 & =m$ 8 own resolution indep5d5tly ( o!r c\nsellors4 ,! pr9cipal caciques 7 to be call$ toge!r1 & in=m$1 9 ! "n ( ,que5 ,isabella & h] son ,*>les1 t !y 7 free subjects1 & t1 ?\gh ! tribes w\ld be requir$ to pay a c]ta9 tribute1 _! rights1 lib]ties1 & int]e/s w\ld be protect$4 ,! caciques w\ld rule 9 ! sev]al t]ritories & villages 9 conjunction ) a prie/ & royal adm9i/rator2 religion w\ld be taught1 civilization promot$1 m]ciful laws introduc$1 & traffic 9 slaves1 :e!r ,indian or negro1 /rictly =bidd54 ,x 0 f\nd by subsequ5t exp]i5ce t ^! wise & m]ciful regulations 7 too good = ! purpose requir$2 t x w\ld be dang]\s to emancipate ! ,indians sudd5ly2 & t x c\ld only be done aft] a suffici5t numb] ( negro slaves _h be5 import$ f ,africa4 ,! au?ority ( ,xim5es dur+ ! latt] "p ( 8 reg5cy 0 disput$1 n m]ely by facti\s nobles1 b also by ,dean ,hadrian & ! ,seigneur de la ,*aux4 ,!y s\ght to e/abli% a triumvirate1 & r$uce ,xim5es to a second-rate p[]4 ,b ! c>d9al receiv+ "s pap]s to :i* !y _h fir/ affix$ _! signatures1 he imm$iately ord]$ fre% copies to be made1 & sign$ !m himself only4 ,f t "t nei!r ,la ,*aux nor ,hadrian 0 ev] all[$ to sign a decree4 ,!y compla9$1 inde$1 to ! k+1 b ) little effect4 ,xim5es paid no att5tion to ! remon/rance ( ! royal ambassador1 & ! affair end$ by 8 exclusive au?ority be+ recogniz$ & approv$4 #eig ,! ma*9ations ( 8 enemies ceas$ only ) 8 life4 ,to ! la/1 intrigues1 jeal\sies1 & calumnies h$g$ 9 8 pa? ) ?orns4 ,9 ,augu/1 #aeag1 x is said1 an attempt 0 made to poison him2 & x w\ld h succe$$ _h n 8 s]vant1 accord+ to cu/om1 fir/ ta/$ e di% set be=e him1 & fall5 s]i\sly ill at ,bozeguillas4 ,8 heal? 0 fail+ fa/ :5 ,*>les arriv$ f ,fl&]s1 & ! c\rti]s us$ e artifice to prev5t 8 hav+ an int]view ) ! "y pr9ce4 ,!y fe>$ ! influ5ce ( 8 g5ius & exp]i5ce1 & hop$ t dea? might spe$ily rid !m ( 8 pres5ce4 ,issu+ vigor\s ord]s daily = ! gov]nm5t ( ! /ate1 he calmly await$ ! arrival ( ! k+1 & ( 8 own approa*+ end1 9 ! mona/]y ( ,aguil]a4 ,!re he r5ew$ & correct$ ! w by :i* he left ! bulk ( 8 va/ prop]ty to ! ,univ]sity ( ,alcal4 ,he (t5 bless$ ,god = enabl+ him to say t he _h nev] kn[+ly injur$ any man1 b _h adm9i/]$ ju/ice ev5-h&$4 ,! peace ( 8 own consci5ce did n pres]ve him f ! p]secution & insults ( 8 enemies4 ,!y ev5 indulg$ _! spite by ! paltry annoyance ( qu>t]+ 8 s]vants 9 a neighbor+ village1 in/ead ( _! be+ "u ! same ro( ) _! ma/]1 :51 wrapp$ 9 furs1 he took 8 la/ j\rney to meet ,*>les1 & welcome him to 8 k+dom & ?rone4 ,f ! sov]eign himself he receiv$ a he>tless lett]1 ?ank+ him = all 8 great s]vices1 & express+ a hope t !y %\ld meet at ,mojados2 b aft] _! meet+1 he sugge/$ t ! c>d9al %\ld be reliev$ ( 8 ardu\s duties2 9 o!r words1 t he %\ld %>e no long] 9 ! conduct ( public affairs4 ,?is cruel lett] is ?\ght by _m writ]s to h ha/5$ ,xim5es's dea?1 :ile o!rs are ( op9ion t x 0 nev] deliv]$ to him1 & t he 0 ?us sp>$ a wanton addition to ! pangs ( dy+4 ,xim5es di$ 9 all respects ! dea? ( ! righte\s4 ,! language ( contrition & praise 0 on 8 lips1 & ! crucifix 9 8 h&4 ,he recomm5d$ ! ,univ]sity ( ,alcal to ! k+ 9 8 la/ mom5ts1 toge!r ) ! mona/]ies he _h f\nd$4 ,he expir$1 exclaim+1 ,9 te1 ,dom9e1 sp]avi on ,sunday1 ! #h? ( ,novemb]1 #aeag1 9 ! eighty-second ye> ( 8 age4 ,all ! surr\nd+ c\ntry ha/5$ to kiss 8 h&s :ile 8 body lay 9 /ate4 ,! corpse 0 embalm$1 & convey$ by sl[ /ages1 & amid ! blaze ( numb]less tor*es1 to ,torrelaguna1 8 bir?place1 & aft]w>d to ,alcal1 ! city ( 8 adoption4 ,arriv+ !re on ! ,fea/ ( ,/4 ,eug5e1 ! fir/ ,ar*bi%op ( ,tol$o1 ! day 0 celebrat$ ye>ly f t "t by a fun]al s]vice & panegyric 9 honor ( ,xim5es4 ,fifty-eight ye>s aft] ! univ]sity 0 f\nd$1 8 monum5t 0 enclos$ 9 bronze tablets1 on :i* ! *ief ev5ts 9 8 c>e] 7 repres5t$4 ,?us1 by s]mons1 by ext]nal images1 by tradition1 & by hi/ory1 ! memory ( ?is rem>kable man 0 kept alive4 ,po/]ity became indulg5t to 8 defects4 ,!y 7 specks 9 a blaze ( light4 ,h]oism & sa9tdom encircl$ 8 memory ) effulg5t halos4 ,8 p]son became famili> to ! ,spani>d's eye3 8 tall1 ?9 frame1 8 aquil9e nose1 8 high =ehead1 8 pi]c+1 deep-set eyes1 & ^? two prom95t eye-tee? :i* ga9$ him ! nickname ( ! elephant4 ,accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! "t1 he kept a je/]1 & 8 dw>f's jokes div]t$ him :5 depress$ ) viol5t heada*es1 or worn ) ! affairs ( /ate & opposition ( facti\s m54 ,/udy 0 8 delight4 ,he nev] felt too old to le>n1 & he frequ5tly assi/$ at public disputations4 #eih ,pray] lay at ! root ( 8 greatness2 x regulat$ 8 ambition1 tam$ 8 impetuosity1 & fill$ him ) ! love ( ju/ice4 ,x made him sev]e t[>d himself1 firm & fe>less1 equally capable ( wield+ a sceptre ( iron & a pa/oral crook4 ,y may se>* z y w = hi/orical p>allels1 b ,xim5es is ! only prime-m9i/] 9 ! _w :o 0 held to be a sa9t by ! p he rul$1 & ! only primate :o has acquir$ la/+ r5[n 9 su* v>i$ *>act]s z ascetic1 soldi]1 *iefta91 s*ol>1 man ( lett]s1 /atesman1 re=m]1 & reg5t4 ---------- ,f ,la ,revue ,du ,monde ,ca?olique4 ,! ,ignorance ,( ,! ,middle ,ages4 ,a rec5t & fam\s circul> respect+ ! education ( wom5 has call$ att5tion to ! public s*ools ( ,france1 & ! revolution>y j\rnals h unanim\sly pr(it$ by ! opportunity to load pa/ ages ) s>casm & irony4 ,x is because !re is a "q ( religion 9 ?is case1 z 9 all ! pr9cipal incid5ts ( ! "t4 ,! anti*ri/ian press is b little int]e/$ 9 ! degree ( k diffus$ 9 ! middle ages1 or 9 ! pret5d$ degradation ( ! p ( ,rome2 ,footnote #agg b "u ^! deceitful pretexts is conceal$ a design1 p]si/5tly & ard5tly pursu$--! annihilation ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,*ri/ianity mu/ be put d[n because x is n[ ! only =ce t /rongly resi/s unruly passions1 & because mod]n b>b>ians1 eag] to possess ! goods !y covet1 wi% to submit no long] to any ob/acle or delay4 ,footnote #agg3 ,! degradation ( :i* an editor ( ! ,j\rnal des ,dbats 7,m4 ,j4 ,jan97 wrote 9 #ahcf3 ,talk to me ( ! enslav$ c\ntry ( ! ,holy ,fa!r z free6 ,let n ,*ri/ians be deceiv$ by ! hypocritical prote/ations ( respect utt]$ by ?is enemy1 to :om falsehood is a je/4 ,let !m n gr[ we>y ( c\nt]m9+ ! subt]ranean attacks c>ri$ on aga9/ ! city4 ,= ea* assault let !re be a sortie2 = ea* new batt]y1 a new ba/ion6 ,res\rces are n want+2 we possess facts1 works1 m51 ! te/imony ( hi/ory1 & ev5 ! admission ( our enemies1 & we are sure victory w be ours 9 ! end4 ,a =m] essay ,footnote #agh depict$ ! savage brutality ( ! b>b>\s nations conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity1 _! passions1 _! vices1 _! f]ocity1 & _! excesses4 ,we w n[ %[ :at ! *ur* did 9 "o p>ticul> to subdue1 civilize1 & elevate !m1 by diffus+ ) unp>allel$ munific5ce ! mo/ ext5d$1 ! mo/ g5]al & complete c\rse ( in/ruction ev] giv5 to ! _w2 h[1 9 ! mo/ tr\bl\s times--9 ! t5? c5tury1 = example--! *ur* 0 ! inviolable gu>dian ( ! productions ( ! human m9d2 :at ardor = k x excit$ 9 ^! m51 b rec5tly s viol5t & s mat]ial2 & besides its sa9ts1 :at le>n$ m51 x =m$--:at great m51 full ( tal5t & g5ius6 ,footnote #agh3 ,les ,b>b>es et le ,moy5 ,age1 ,revue du ,monde ,ca?41 ( ,aug4 #aj & ,sept4 #aj1 #ahfg4 #eii ,i4 ,*ri/ian ,antiquity4 ,"s writ]s1 hav+ lo/ ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity1 h d5i$ t ,*ri/ian antiquity _h a ta/e = sci5ce & lit]ature1 & h /igmatiz$ ! middle ages z d>k4 ,if !y _h be5 ,*ri/ians1 !y w\ld h kn[n t ?is accusation is z errone\s z x is injuri\s--0 contr>y to ! v pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,pagan society1 e/abli%$1 ) a view to ?is life1 = ! well-be+ ( a few1 kept ! p 9 ignorance 9 ord] to keep !m 9 s]vitude4 ,ignorance1 by r5d]+ m5 mat]ial1 disposes !m to s]vility & /r5g!ns tyranny4 ,x _h academies = ! free-born1 b n = ! slave4 ,:y tr\ble !mselves ab\t ! m9ds ( ^? mis]able creatures :o 7 incapable ( good1 ( evil1 & ( virtue1 :o 7 call$ speak+ in/rum5ts & *attels8 ,x _h philosoph]s1 poets1 & le>n$ m51 b no popul> s*ools2 = x lov$ sci5ce & n man4 ,! fir/ pr9ciple ( ,*ri/ianity1 on ! contr>y1 is love4 ,love is )\t n>r[ness3 x does n repel1 x attracts3 x is n exclusive1 x is all-embrac+3 x seeke? n its own1 x is g5]\sly & op5ly diffusive1 x se>*es out & summons ! :ole _w3 ,v5ite ad me omnes4 ,*ri/ianity kn[s only "o race ( m5 :o are all equal4 ,its o!r "n is ,ca?olicism1 univ]sality4 ,x has b "o object1 :i* is sup]natural--to lead m5 to ,god4 ,9 ord] t man may aspire to ?is sublime end1 he mu/ be made free--cui lib]1 e/ lib]--mu/ be enlight5$1 t he may compreh5d ! ,supreme ,intellig5ce t creat$ him4 ,*ri/ianity brea!s into man t ard5t love ( k ,footnote #agi :i* buoys up 8 w+s3 x lights up be=e him a p]spective ext5d+ to ! v conf9es ( heav54 ,! m fully man compreh5ds 9 :at way ,god has e/abli%$ ev]y?+ 9 numb]1 weight1 & measure1 ! m ard5t is 8 love = him1 says a simple nun ,footnote #ahj ( ! middle ages1 beautifully express+ ! idea ( ! *ur*4 ,?is is ! reason :y ,*ri/ianity has patroniz$ sci5ce1 & diffus$ & cultivat$ x4 ,footnote #agi3 ,j4 de ,mai/re1 ,du ,pape1 iv4 #c4 ,footnote #ahj3 ,ros)a1 ,paphnuce4 ,z soon z ,*ri/ianity _h a foo?old 9 ! _w1 in/ead ( turn+ t[>d a few1 l ! philosoph]s1 x addresses all--! poor :o _h be5 despis$1 ! l[ly :o _h be5 made use (1 & ! slaves :o _h n be5 c\nt$4 ,! door ( k 0 op5$ wide to plebeians4 ,we tea* philosophy to full]s & %oemak]s1 says ,/4 ,*ryso/om4 ,f ! dep?s ( ! catacombs1 :]e !y 7 oblig$ to conceal !mselves1 ! fir/ pontiffs1 ^: lives = ?ree c5turies t]m9at$ by m>tyrdom1 f\nd$ s*ools 9 e p>i% ( ,rome1 & ord]$ ! prie/s to assemble ! *ildr5 ( ! c\ntry 9 ord] to in/ruct !m4 ,:at1 !n1 0 ! result :5 ,*ri/ianity1 issu+ f ! b[els ( ! e>?1 bloom$ =? 9 fre$om8 ,!re 7 s*ools ev]y:]e1 mona/ic s*ools1 s*ools 9 ! prie/s' h\ses1 ,footnote #aha episcopal s*ools1 e/abli%$ by ,gregory ! ,great1 & s*ools at ! entrance ( *ur*es1 7z 9 ! portico ( ! ca!dral ( ,lucca1 9 ! eigh? c5tury47 ,footnote #aha3 ,a c\ncil ( ! sixte5? c5tury speaks ( s*ools 9 ! prie/s' h\ses4 #fjj ,! decrees ( c\ncils1 ! decretals ( popes1 atte/ ! desire ( di/ribut+ to all ! food ( ! m9d1 & ( multiply+ s*ools4 ,footnote #ahb ,& :o 7 _! fir/ ma/]s8 ,! prie/s1 bi%ops1 & doctors ( ! *ur*4 ,x is our duty1 7x is a pope :o speaks17 to endeavor to dispel ignorance4 ,footnote #ahc ,ulphidas1 a bi%op ( ! fif? c5tury1 translat$ ! ,bible into ! language ( ! ,go?s1 = ! in/ruction ( ! b>b>ians2 & at a lat] p]iod1 ,alb]tus ,magnus & ,/4 ,bonav5tura compos$ abridgm5ts ( ! ,scriptures = ! poor1 call$ ! ,bible ( ! ,poor1 ,biblia ,paup]um4 ,if ! important k ( read+ & writ+ 0 spread among ! p1 x 0 ow+ to ! *ur*1 says ,/4 ,simon ! ,re=m]4 ,footnote #ahd ,footnote #ahb3 ,report ( ! ,m9i/] ( ,public ,in/ruction1 ,m4 ,duruy1 #ahfe4 ,footnote #ahc3 ,innoc5t ,,iii4 at ! ,c\ncil ( #abae4 ,footnote #ahd3 ,la ,sci5ce de l',hi/oire4 ,& h[ did ! *ur* be/[ x8 ,gratuit\sly1 to all :o c\ld n pay = x4 ,! *ur* is truly democratic1 accord+ to ! mod]n expression1 or r1 x is an in/itution ( *>ity2 gratuit\s in/ruction is its conception :i* x put into execution4 7,v5tura47 ,li/5 to its c\ncils3 ,e ca!dral & e *ur* t has ! means is oblig$ to f\nd a pr(essor%ip ( !ology = ecclesia/ics1 & provide a ma/] = ! gratuit\s in/ruction ( ! poor1 accord+ to ! anci5t cu/oms4 ,footnote #ahe ,x is ?us x und]/ood obligatory in/ruction1 n impos$ on ^? :o receiv$ x1 :i* w\ld be tyranny1 b exact$ f ^? :o gave x1 :i* 0 an act ( virtue4 ,footnote #ahe3 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople 9 #fhj2 !n ! ,c\ncils ( ,lat]an 9 #aagi & #abae1 & ! ,c\ncil ( ,lyons 9 #abde4 ,9 ! eigh? c5tury ,!odolphus1 ,bi%op ( ,orleans1 wrote to 8 prie/s3 ,exact no pay = ! in/ruction ( *ildr51 & receive no?+1 except :at is (f]$ volunt>ily & ?r\gh affection1 by ! p>5ts4 ,b 0 x elem5t>y k alone8 ,does ! *ur* disda9 lit]ature1 :i* a fa!r calls ! ornam5t & consolation ( ! wret*$ness ( man--polite lit]ature1 ! humanities p> excell5ce1 because !y su/a9 humanity 9 ! combat ( life8 ,c]ta9ly n2 ! *ur* f\nd ! pagan _w p[]ful & r5[n$ = its atta9m5ts 9 lit]ature1 ! sci5ces1 & ! arts2 x w\ld n leave to t _w its sup]iority2 x w\ld also become ! patron ( k1 because t w\ld aid 9 ! progress ( tru?4 ,we ought1 says ,/4 ,basil1 to /udy ! pr(ane sci5ces be=e p5etrat+ ! my/]ies ( sacr$ k1 t we may become accu/om$ to _! radiance4 ,footnote #ahf ,! *ur* exhort$ its *ildr5 to ! acquirem5t ( k2 nay1 x ev5 wi%$ itself to excel !re91 & x succe$$ s z to t]rify its enemies1 z 9 ! case ( ,julian ! ,apo/ate1 :o1 to cru% ! *ur*1 und]took to prohibit x f /udy+ ! sci5ces4 ,:]e %all we f9d m5 m le>n$ ?an ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 :o fa?om$ & expla9$ ! orig9 ( pagan my?ology2 ,/4 ,basil & ! two ,gregorys1 :o1 pupils ( ! ,a!nian s*ool1 acquir$ !re ! eloqu5ce 9 :i* !y equall$ ,demo/h5es2 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ^: "w1 ,de ,civitate ,dei1 is ! comp5dium ( all k1 philosophy1 lit]ature1 sci5ce1 & ! entire hi/ory ( ! _w2 & ,orig51 be=e :om ! mo/ celebrat$ ma/]s ( ! ,ea/ rose up & ceas$ to tea*1 intimidat$ by 8 pres5ce8 ,we are n afraid1 says ,/4 ,j]ome1 ( any k9d ( comp>ison6 ,footnote #ahf3 ,disc\rse on ! ,utility ( read+ ,pr(ane ,lit]ature4 ,see also ,/4 ,gregory ( ,nazianz51 ,disc\rse at ! ,fun]al ( ,/4 ,basil4 #fja ,! *ur* ?us cont9ues3 ,/udy1 wrote ,cassiodorus1 9 ! fif? c5tury1 to 8 monks--/udy ,gal51 ,hippocrates1 ,dioscorides1 & ! o!r au?ors y f9d 9 ! libr>y4 ,! c\rse ( /udy at ,sal]num 0 pursu$ by a great numb] ( cl]ics1 prie/s1 & bi%ops3 ,footnote #ahg prie/s le>n$ hi/ory1 gramm>1 ,greek1 & geometry at ! s*ool 9 ! basilica ( ,lat]an4 ,footnote #ahh ,footnote #ahg3 ,d>emb]g1 ,c\rs de #ahff sur l',hi/oire de la ,m$ec9e4 ,footnote #ahh3 ,& 9 ! ,b5$ict9e mona/]ies4 ,:]e did ! ,greek arti/s1 driv5 out by iconocla/s1 take refuge8 ,9 ,rome1 "u ! protection ( ! popes4 ,:o 7 ! fir/ hi/orians ( ! ,we/8 ,prie/s & bi%ops3 ,gregory ( ,t\rs1 ,fr$eg>ius1 ,eg9h>d1 ,odo1 & ,flodo>d4 ,!re is an ecclesia/ical tone ?r\gh\t ! entire ,m]ov+ian lit]ature--! leg5ds1 hymns1 & *ronicles4 ,footnote #ahi ,ev5 ! poets1 ,=tunatus & ,sidonius ,apoll9>is1 are prie/s famili> ) ! works ( antiquity4 ,i am engag$1 wrote ,alcu9 to ,*>lemagne1 9 giv+ in/ruction to "s by draw+ f ! f\nt ( ,holy ,writ1 & intoxicat+ o!rs ) ! old w9e ( ! anci5t s*ools4 ,& = :at purpose8 ,he cont9ues3 ,9 ord] t ! *ur* may pr(it by ! increase ( k4 ,f9ally1 :5 a pope1 great ?r\gh 8 g5ius & 8 sanctity--,gregory ,,vii4--0 inspir$ ) ! noble ambition ( *ri/ianiz+ ! _w1 he call$ sci5ce to 8 aid1 reviv$ ! anci5t canons t in/itut$ s*ools = ! lib]al arts 9 ! vic9ity ( ca!drals2 ,footnote #aij desir+ a sa9tly cl]gy1 he wi%$ !m also le>n$4 ,footnote #aia ,footnote #ahi3 ,d',esp9ay1 ,influ5ce ( ,canon ,law on ,fr5* ,legislation4 ,footnote #aij3 ,innoc5t ,,iii4 cont9u$ ! "w2 he ext5d$ ! obligation ( acquir+ k among ! prie/s4 ,! bi%op w asc]ta91 says he1 ! capacity ( ^? on :om he conf]s holy ord]s4 ,x is bett] to h a few :o are le>n$ to s]ve ! alt> ?an _m :o are ignorant4 ,& 9 our own day ! ,roman ,college gives gratuit\s in/ruction 9 ! classics & 9 ! high] sci5ces1 !ology1 philosophy1 law1 m$ic9e1 a/ronomy1 etc41 :i* does n prev5t ! revolution>y j\rnals f decl>+ ! pontifical gov]nm5t an enemy ( progress & ( light4 ,footnote #aia3 ,ozanam1 ,le ,*ri/ianisme *ez les ,b>b>es4 ,& x is s truly ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity t s*ools are multipli$ 9 proportion to its diffusion4 ,clovis h>dly receiv$ baptism :5 s*ools 7 e/abli%$ ev5 9 8 palace2 ,footnote #aib ! m fully k+s 7 imbu$ ) a ,*ri/ian _s1 ! m lett]s 7 protect$ & honor$4 ,!odosius1 :o almo/ atta9$ to sanctity by 8 p5it5ce1 decre$ t ma/]s1 aft] tea*+ tw5ty ye>s1 %\ld be ennobl$ ) ! title ( c\nt1 & be on an equality ) ! lieut5ants ( ! prefect ( ! pretorian gu>ds2 & ,*>lemagne1 ! great ,*ri/ian emp]or1 e/abli%$ "u 8 eye an academy1 :i*1 we are told1 0 call$ ! ,palatial ,s*ool3 ! palace 0 consecrat$ to sci5ce1 & its true "n w\ld h be5 ! ,s*ola/ic ,palace4 ,footnote #aic ,footnote #aib3 ,dom ,pitra1 ,rapport sur une ,mission sci5tifique1 #ahej4 ,footnote #aic3 ,dom ,pitra1 ,hi/oire de ,/4 ,lg]1 ix4 ,,ii4 ,! ,t5? ,c5tury4 ,we are n contradict$4 ,yes1 9 ! fir/ c5turies ! *ur* favor$ k2 b !re is an exception3 f ! n9? to ! elev5? c5tury1 lett]s almo/ entirely disappe>$1 ! light ( k 0 obscur$1 & ?is epo* is ju/ly call$ ! night ( ! middle ages4 ,x is n s2 a multitude ( witnesses prove h[ unf\nd$ is ?is prejudice4 ,footnote #aid ,footnote #aid3 ,t is to say1 ! erudite m5 :o h c>efully /udi$ ?is confus$ epo* & h arriv$ at ! same conclusion1 :atev] _! philosophical op9ions3 ,littr & ,ozanam1 ,d>emb]g & ,villema91 ,r5an & ,danti]1 ,hallam & ,b]r+ton1 etc1 #fjb ,lett]s nev] p]i%$4 ,9 ! sangu9>y tumult1 ! royal (fspr+ ( intellig5ce 0 sav$ by a pi\s h&1 & protect$ t x might be re/or$ "s day to ! _w-- great1 p[]ful1 & fit to reign4 ,footnote #aie ,footnote #aie3 ,9 ! t5? c5tury1 we include ! end ( ! n9? & ! beg9n+ ( ! elev5?1 z m5 :o liv$ at ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury & ! comm5cem5t ( ! n9ete5? are consid]$ z belong+ to ! eighte5?2 ,font5elle & ,delille1 = example4 ,*>lemagne 0 h>dly laid 9 8 tomb at ,aix-la-,*apelle1 :5 8 lords1 b>ons1 c\nts1 dukes1 & ! inf]ior lead]s disp]s$ & e/abli%$ 9 a ?\s& places _! divid$ rule2 furi\s & deva/at+ w>s ov]:elm$ ! p & spread t]ror 9 e he>t ?r\gh ! c\ntry2 !re 0 no long] peace1 security1 or leisure4 ,7 intellectual pursuits susp5d$ dur+ t "t8 ,no4 ,?r\gh\t ,europe1 !n a field ( battle1 %elt]$ 9 ! valleys & intr5*$ on ! summits ( ! m\nta9s1 7 =tresses1 :i* became ! asylum ( k1 ) an army resolv$ to def5d x--monks 9 _! conv5ts4 ,italy 0 l a camp ) a res]ve corps ( in/ruction3 !re soldi]s 7 =m$ & organiz$ & drill$ 9 ! use ( all k9ds ( arms2 ! ,b5$ict9es ( ,monte ,cas9o1 :]e anci5t lit]ature 0 con/antly /udi$1 ,footnote #aif ! ecclesia/ical s*ools ( ,mod5a1 ! episcopal s*ools ( ,milan1 ! s*ool ( jurisprud5ce at ,lucca1 ( rhetoric at ,rav5na1 ( lit]ature at ,v]ona1 ( ! sev5 arts at ,p>ma1 ( gramm> at ,pavia1 &1 9 ! mid/1 ,rome1 gu>dian ( ! h]itage ( anci5t traditions & ! seat ( ! papacy1 :i* has always surpass$ all o!r nations 9 le>n+4 ,footnote #aig ,footnote #aif3 ,& a great numb] ( o!r religi\s h\ses2 z late z ! sev5te5? c5tury !re 7 m ?an ?ree hundr$4 ,footnote #aig3 ,villema91 ,hi/oire de la4 ,littrature au ,moy5 ,age1 lesson xx4 ,beyond ! ,alps1 trav]se ,prov5ce1 almo/ ,italian1 ,langu$oc1 also half ,roman 9 le>n+ & 9 language1 on ! banks ( ! ,loire y w f9d ^! abbeys1 fam\s z seats ( le>n+3 ,fleury1 ,/4 ,b5oit1 & ,ligug1 7ne> ,poiti]s27 & proce$+ to ! nor?1 ,f]rire1 ,sa9t ,w&rille1 ,luxeuil1 ,corbie1 & ,le ,bec1 79 ! elev5? c5tury47 ,f ,lyons y c\ld see1 f> away on ! m\nta9-heights ( ,switz]l&1 ,rei*nau1 ^: g>rison 0 re-en=c$ by =eign]s :o cross$ ! wat]1 7,iri% monks17 & ,/4 ,gall1 ^: monks quote ! ,iliad4 ,9 ,spa91 ,*ri/ians did n /rive 9 valor alone ) ! ,moors2 !y vi$ 9 le>n+ ) ! ,arabs1 & /udi$ & translat$ _! works4 ,! mle 0 univ]sal4 ,luitpr&1 an ,engli%man1 :o took "p 9 x1 z well z ,g]b]t1 a ,fr5*man1 he>d t5 languages spok5 !re2 among o!rs1 ,hebrew1 ,arabic1 ,greek1 & ,lat94 ,footnote #aih ,footnote #aih3 ,greek by m]*ants1 ,hebrew by ! ,jews1 ,arabic ev]y:]e1 :ile ,lat9 is ! f\ndation ( ! national tongue4 ,cross ! ,*annel3 9 ,engl& at e /ep are colleges & sem9>ies3 t f>-(f murmur comes f ! sev5 ?\s& /ud5ts ( ,armagh1 9 ,irel&4 ,& if y p5etrate ! wilds ( ,g]many1 among ! ,saxons b j conv]t$1 y w discov] ! advanc$ po/s--! s*ool ( ,fuld51 f\nd$ by ,/4 ,boniface2 ,new ,corbie on ! ,wes]1 :]e1 at a lat] day1 7 f\nd ! five books ( ! ,annals ( ,tacitus2 & :at is m1 a conv5t ( le>n$ nuns--! ,mona/]y ( ,ros)a4 ,?is is ! ma9 army1 & x is n )\t support4 ,! lead]s ( ! p & ! directors ( s\ls d n ab&on ^! valiant troops4 ,k+s1 :5 !y h ! p[] & ! leisure1 s5d !m re5=cem5ts3 !re are ! s*ools ( ,eug5e ,,ii4 = ! /udy ( ! lib]al arts2 ( gramm> "u ,lo?aire 9 ,france ( jurisprud5ce at ,ang]s2 ( ,edw>d ! ,confessor 9 ,engl&4 ,x is n till ! "t ( ,h5ry ( ,g]many t pr9ces are unm9dful ( !m4 ,he w\ld n li/5 to ! petition ( a poet = s*ools ( belles-lettres & law4 ,^! are ! scatt]$ =ts t support & b9d toge!r ! ma9 army4 #fjc ,b p]haps !y are de/itute ( arms & h no ars5als & ammunition8 ,:at1 !n1 are all ^! books ( m$ic9e dat+ f ! sev5? to ! t5? c5tury1 accumulat$ 9 all ! conv5ts8 ,footnote #aii--! celebrat$ libr>ies ( ,f]rire & ,bobbio1 :i* own$ ,ari/otle & ,demo/h5es2 ( ,rei*nau1 :i* 9 #hej possess$ f\r hundr$ volumes catalogu$2 ! ,greek manuscripts ( ! t5? & elev5? c5turies discov]$ at ,rome1 ,v]ona1 ,monte ,cas9o1 ,footnote #bjj & at ,t\rnay3,footnote #bja ! copies ( anci5t au?ors1 made 9 ! n9? & t5? c5turies by ! monks ( ,/4 ,gall8 ,footnote #bjb ,d y n he> res\nd+ ! mo/ illu/ri\s names--( poets1 hi/orians1 philosoph]s1 & orators--,hom]1 ,s5eca1 ,ovid1 ,sallu/1 & ,pl9y8 ,footnote #bjc ,?is "o1 l a wat*man :o calls = help f ! m\nta9-heights1 7,lupus1 abbot ( ,f]rire to ,pope ,b5$ict ,,iii417 reque/s ! loan ( ! ,orator ( ,cic]o1 ! ,in/itutions ( ,qu9tilian1 & a comm5t>y ( ,t]5ce2 ano!r 7see ,life ( ,/4 ,columba7 quotes ,titus ,livius2 o!rs 7see ,acts ( ! ,sa9ts7 quote ,horace2 treaties are =tifi$ ) passages f ,cic]o2 ,footnote #bjd & !re is n a b>b>\s *ronicle 9 :i* !re are n lightn+-l fla%es f ! inspir$ l9es ( ,virgil4 ,footnote #bje ,footnote #aii3 ,d&]1 ,missions sci5tifiques4 ,footnote #bjj3 ,r5an1 ,missions sci5tifiques4 ,footnote #bja3 ,dom ,pitra1 ibid4 ,footnote #bjb3 ,d&]1 ibid4 ,footnote #bjc3 ,!re are pro(s1 says ,d>emb]g1 t ! ,franks ( ! age ( ,*>lemagne read ,pl9y4 ,^! books 7 n lo/1 b pres]v$ 9 ! conv5ts4 ,footnote #bjd3 ,dom ,pitra1 ,missions sci5tifiques4 ,footnote #bje3 ,see ,villema91 ,hi/oire de la ,littrature du ,moy5 ,age1 lesson x4 ,!y d n lack arms1 & !y make use ( !m4 ,!y h capta9s--lead]s :o are capable1 le>n$1 & indefatigable4 ,!y are well kn[n3 ,abbo1 abbot ( ,fleury-sur-,loire1 :o is call$ ! ,alcu9 ( ! t5? c5tury1 :o wrote a hi/ory ( ! popes1 on philosophy1 physics1 & a/ronomy1 & ! comm&] ( a num]\s corps ( m ?an five ?\s& /ud5ts1 among :om is "o :o translat$ ,euclid2 ,footnote #bjf ,flodo>d1 au?or ( ,la ,*ronique de ,france2 ! ?irty-two pr(essors ( belles-lettres at ,sal]num2 ,/4 ,fulb]t & ,h5ry ( ,aux]re1 9 ,france2 ,elphege at ,monte ,cas9o2 9 ,spa91 ,petrus ,alphonsus1 :o comp>es ! lit]ature ( ,france ) t ( 8 own c\ntry2 ,footnote #bjg 9 ,engl&1 ,odo & ,/4 ,dun/an1 a geometrician1 musician1 pa9t]1 & sculptor2,footnote #bjh & f9ally1 t wond]ful man1 :o made ! t\r ( ! _w ( le>n+ & 0 famili> ) e "p ( x--ma!matics1 me*anics1 a/ronomy1 lit]ature1 & philosophy--at once a pr9ce ( ! *ur* & ( sci5ce-- ,g]b]t4 ,footnote #bji ,footnote #bjf3 ,!re is a second ,abbo 9 ! t5? c5tury-- a monk also1 & a poet4 ,footnote #bjg3 ,9 8 book ,de ,discipl9a ,cl]i4 ,see ,dom ,pitria1 ,hi/oire de ,/4 ,lg]4 ,footnote #bjh3 ,b]r+ton1 ,hi/ory ( ,lit]ature 9 ! ,n9? & ,t5? ,c5turies4 ,footnote #bji3 ,gaill>d1 9 8 ,hi/oire de ,*>lemagne1 gives a li/ ( ma/]s :o succe$$ ea* o!r )\t int]ruption f ,alcu9 till ! twelf? c5tury4 ,b1 blockad$ 9 _! =tresses by b>b>ism1 brig&age1 & tyranny1 :at important de$s c\ld !y a*ieve1 :at feats ( arms1 :at exp$itions8 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !y held _! position by keep+ ! ramp>ts 9 con/ant repair4 #fjd ,9 ! scriptorium ( e abbey1 a num]\s deta*m5t ( pati5t copyi/s1 b5d+ all day ov] manuscripts1 transcrib$ ! holy books & ! ma/]pieces ( antiquity1 & r5d]$ em95t s]vice to ! arts1 to lett]s1 & to hi/ory by pres]v+ & keep+ 9 ord] ! /ore ( munitions :i* o!rwise w\ld h be5 squ&]$ & = ev] lo/4 ,at ! same "t1 wat*ful s5t9els on ! walls obs]v$ all t 0 pass+ 9 ! _w )\t1 & made an exact report ( x2 t is to say1 !y drew up ^? *ronicles1 *>t]s1 & c>tul>ies 9 :i* 7 record$ facts1 names1 contracts1 donations1 & ! *anges 9 ! c\ntries 9 :i* !y liv$1 among ! p !y direct$1 9 ! l&s !y cultivat$1 ! sov]eigns :o rul$ ov] !m1 & ! conqu]ors :o despoil$ !m4 ,footnote #baj ,footnote #baj3 ,x is suffici5t to m5tion ! ,polyptique ( ! abbot ,irm9on1 7t5? c5tury17 & ! num]\s c>tul>ies t h be5 publi%$ )9 half a c5tury4 ,& t ! descriptions might be complete1 pa9t]s illum9at$ ! m>g9s ( ! vellum manuscripts1 supply+ by delicate & fai?ful m9iatures 9 ! brighte/ colors :at 0 want+ 9 ! text1 g5]al details respect+ ! spl5dor ( ! ve/m5ts1 ! sculptures on ! walls & ! ornam5ts ( ! h\ses1 ?us bequea?+ to po/]ity a lively & true portrayal ( _! "t4 ,& ! :ole makes up ! imm5se & inexhau/ible treasure :]e we f9d depict$ ! mann]s1 cu/oms1 classes ( society1 ! nature ( ! soil1 & facts respect+ ! till]s ( ! e>?1 _! lords1 & ! *ur*1 =m+ ! moral1 indu/rial1 & agricultural hi/ory ( all ,*ri/5dom4 ,^! transcripts1 *ronicles1 & pa9t+s are ! magaz9es1 casemates1 & ba/ions )\t :i* ! citadel ( lett]s & sci5ce w\ld h be5 dismantl$ & r5d]$ un9habitable = g5]ations to come6 ,!y did n conf9e !mselves to ?is2 no?+ 0 neglect$ t %\ld occupy a well-organiz$ army2 fir/1 regul> ex]cise1 :i* makes ! soldi] active1 robu/1 & ready = any duty2 ! /udy ( ! lib]al arts1 divid$ into two classes = ! recruits & ! vet]ans3 ! quadrivium1 7ari?metic1 geometry1 music1 & a/ronomy17 & ! trivium 7gramm>1 rhetoric1 & dialectics4 ,footnote #baa 7 ,^! labors 7 c>ri$ on 9 ! int]ior ( ! =tress4 ,!y also made exp$itions & sallies to keep ! ways ( access cle>--comm5t>ies ^u au?ors1 v>iations ( texts1 7z ! comm5t>ies on ! ,fa/i ( ,ovid1 ,footnote #bab ! treatise ,de ,s5ectute1 ) diff]5t read+s ( ! same text1 ,footnote #bac & num]\s manuscripts ) ,greek annotations4,footnote #bad7 ,!y und]took sieges1 = a translation may be call$ a siege2 ev]y:]e y c\ld f9d real work%ops = translat+ ,greek au?ors into ,lat91 su* z books ( m$ic9e1 7,gal51 ,hippocrates1 & ,oribasus17 ! fa!rs1 7! ,homilies ( ,/4 ,john ,*ryso/om17 & ! pr9cipal anci5t au?ors1 ,footnote #bae 7! ,logic ( ,ari/otle47 ,"u ! guidance ( ! lead]s already nam$1 !y w5t =? to daily combat & ev5 to fight great battles2 9 ! s*ools1 colleges1 mona/]ies1 & public lectures1 pr(essors1 doctors1 & /ud5ts ,footnote #baf /imulat$ ! public m9d2 !y t\*$ on e sci5ce1 & treat$1 "u ! names ( nom9alism & realism1 ( all ^? que/ions ab\t :i* man is cont9ually agitat$--8 nature1 8 orig91 8 relations ) ,god1 & 8 de/9y2 ,footnote #baa3 ,m5tion$ by ,ros)a 9 ! t5? c5tury4 ,footnote #bab3 ,f\nd at ,rei*nau by ,m4 ,danti]4 ,footnote #bac3 ,at ,mr4 ,philipps's 9 ,engl&1 by ,dom ,pitra4 ,footnote #bad3 ,at ,monte ,cas9o1 by ,m4 ,r5an4 ,footnote #bae3 ,see ,d>emb]g1 ibid4 ,a pro(1 says ,m4 ,littr1 9 ,les ,b>b>es et le ,moy5 ,age1 t dur+ ! ,m]ov+ian & ,c>lov+ian p]iods ! ,greek filiation ( ! sci5ces 0 pres]v$4 ,z to m$ical sci5ce1 he adds1 x is evid5tly n a simple "q ( m$ic9e4 ,footnote #baf3 ,brang]1 ,lanfranc1 ,roscel91 etc4 #fje /ruggles con/antly r5ew$1 9 :i* !y f\ght furi\sly & display$ all _! /r5g? by quotations f au?ors1 allusions to celebrat$ ev5ts & to say+s ( antiquity1 7= example1 ! s>casm ( ,julian to ! ,*ri/ians1 m5tion$ by ,ros)a2 ,footnote #bag ! veil giv5 by a k+ ( ,engl& to ! ,abbey ( ,croyl&1 on :i* 0 embroid]$ ! ,ru9 ( ,troy2 ,footnote #bah ! ,lat9 w> hymn *ant$ at ,mod5a1 :i* alludes to ! devot$ness ( ,codrus2 ,footnote #bai7 brilliant t\rnam5ts 9 :i*1 l knights ( pr[ess1 "s endeavor$ to di/+ui% !mselves by a display ( erudition bett] suit$1 x might seem1 to ! ref9$ age ( ! sixte5? c5tury ?an to ! t5?4 ,!y sign$ acts writt5 9 ,greek2 ,footnote #bbj 9 ,lat9 v]se2 ,footnote #bba !y wrote ! lives ( ! sa9ts 9 ,fr5* v]se2 ,footnote #bbb ! k+s ( ,engl& prid$ !mselves on ! "n ( ,greek text2 !y spoke ,greek 9 ord9>y int]c\rse4 ,footnote #bbc ,^! knights ( sci5ce1 l ! palad9s 9 ! combats ) giants1 display$ wondr\s feats4 ,i am ov] %oes 9 ,cic]o's ,rhetoric1 writes ,+ulphus1 ,abbot ( ,croyl&4 ,footnote #bbd ,footnote #bag3 ,*ri/ians %\ld congratulate !mselves on be+ depriv$ ( _! ri*es1 = ,*ri/ said3 ,e "o ( y t do? n r5\nce all t he possesse? _c be my disciple4 ,see ! ,gallicanus4 ,footnote #bah3 ,see ,d>boy1 ,life ( ,/4 ,?omas ( ,cant]bury4 ,footnote #bai3 ,a ,lat9 hymn 0 also *ant$ at ,pisa1 9 ! elev5? c5tury1 to celebrate a victory ov] ! ,s>ac5s4 ,footnote #bbj3 ,at ,poiti]s1 at ! end ( ! n9? c5tury4 ,footnote #bba3 ,at ,si5na4 ,footnote #bbb3 ,9 #ajej1 ,?ibaud de ,v]non1 canon at ,r\54 ,footnote #bbc3 ,! monks ( ,engl& & ,irel&4 ,footnote #bbd3 ,t5? c5tury4 ,!y did n conf9e !mselves to ! def5sive4 ,9 /udy+ ! anci5t writ]s !y 7 inspir$ to imitate !m1 & !y w5t =? into ! op5 field & vi$ 9 a ?\s& works ( ! imag9ation--fiction1 poetry--7hymns1 poems ( ! elev5? c5tury1 & hi/ory47 ,:at is m1 !y und]took fatigu+ & dang]\s exp$itions into f>-(f & almo/ unkn[n c\ntries-- ar*aeology1 :i* _h n !n a "n1 7see ! valuable manuscripts ( ! t5? c5tury1 discov]$ by ,mabillon at ,e9si$eln1 :i* treat ( ,roman inscriptions27 cosmography1 9 :i* !y div9$ tru?s ( ! highe/ importance4 ,! ,iri% monk ,virgilius taught 9 ,bohemia ! antipodes1 & consequ5tly t ! e>? is r\nd4 ,he 0 n compreh5d$3 !y suppos$ him to believe !re 7 o!r l&s "u our e>?1 ) ano!r sun1 ano!r moon1 & inhabitants = :om ,*ri/ did n die1 & he 0 excommunicat$4 ,he w5t to ,rome1 :]e he 0 p]mitt$ to expla9 8 !ory2 ! pope )drew 8 ana!ma & elevat$ him to ! episcopacy4 ,footnote #bbe ,f9ally1 ! drama1 into :i* 0 infus$ a new & orig9al "*4 ,:il/ ! monk ,virgilius taught ! true =m ( ! e>?1 ! nun ,ros)a compos$ h] trag$ies1 ! fir/ specim5s ( ! ,*ri/ian drama1 at once full ( ! rem9isc5ces ( antiquity & ! _s ( ! gospel4 ,footnote #bbe3 ,quatrefages1 ,peuplem5t de l',amrique1 :i* proves3 #a4 ,! geographical k ( ! times4 #b4 ,! p]petuity ( tradition4 #c4 ,! int]c\rse ( diff]5t nations4 #d4 ,! tol]ance ( ! *ur*4 ,b\illet1 9 8 ,dictionnaire univ]selle d',hi/oire et de ,gographie1 is deceiv$ on ?is po9t4 ,y w see by all ?is activity1 ?is animation1 & ^! names1 t ! t5? c5tury has be5 unju/ly accus$ ( b>b>ism 7,magn97--t age 9 :i* !re 0 su* a ta/e = classical /udies t _m ,*ri/ians1 says ,ros)a1 pref]r$ ! vanity ( pagan books to ! utility ( ! ,holy ,scriptures1 on acc\nt ( ! elegance ( _! /yle1 & t1 f> f m]it+ ! appellation ( ! ,iron ,age1 x %\ld r be call$ a great c5tre ( light4 ,footnote #bbf ,footnote #bbf3 ,dom ,pitra1 ,rapport sur une ,mission sci5tifique4 ,to all ^! works add ! memoir ( ,ozanam1 ,des ,ecoles et de l',in/ruction publique en ,italie au ,temps b>b>es1 9 :i* he cle>ly demon/rates t lett]s nev] ceas$ to be cultivat$4 #fjf ,:5 we look d[n f ! l(ty elevation ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 :i* is call$ ! age ( progress1 into ?is deep gulf ( ! middle ages--! n9?1 t5?1 & elev5? c5turies--we are n a/oni%$ at its d>kness1 b by ! brilliant rays t issue f x4 ,x is n an abyss4 ,at ! fir/ glance !re seem to be only a few po9ts ( light2 b ! eye is soon attract$ by a multitude ( peaks ev]y:]e ris+ up ) brilliant summits & respl5d5t glaci]s sp>kl+ ) radiant light4 ,we are a/oni%$ & give ourselves up to admiration1 9 ! words ( ! poet :o1 p]ceiv+ ! ,alps af> (f1 ?9ks t ,ces monts glacs ,ne sont qu'affreux ds]ts1 ro*]s1 torr5ts1 abmes1 b :o1 :5 he rea*es !m1 ,y tr\ve1 ravi1 ,de l'ombre1 des rayons1 des solitudes v]tes1 ,des v]g]s ple9s de dons1 des *aumires ouv]tes ,a l'hospitalit4 444 ,des coteaux aux flancs d'or1 de limpides valles1 ,et des lacs toils des feux du firmam5t ,footnote #bbg --f9ds ! hospitality ( ! *ur*1 ! solitude ( mona/]ies1 & ! firmam5t ( ,*ri/ianity6 ,footnote #bbg3 ,lam>t9e4 ,,iii4 ,int]c\rse ,( ,nations4 ,d\bt is /ill display$4 ,!re are o!r objections4 ,noblem5 did n "k h[ to read1 wom5 liv$ 9 ignorance2 h[ c\ld k be diffus$ :5 p )9 =tifi$ walls & ! n>r[ limits ( _! t]ritories c\ld ) s mu* difficulty hold communication ) ea* o!r8 ,!re is a false idea ( ! middle ages4 ,x is imag9$ t m51 s indep5d5t & s wilful1 rema9$ /ation>y & %ut up 9 _! =tresses )\t endeavor+ to see & "k ea* o!r4 ,x is precisely ! contr>y4 ,!re 0 a con/ant & ard5t desire = int]c\rse :i* caus$ nations to m+le & ex*ange languages1 ideas1 & cu/oms4 ,:at 0 ! consequ5ce ( ! incessant w>s1 if n to lead m5 ( ! ,nor? to ! ,s\?1 ^? ( ! ,ea/ to ! ,we/1 ! p ( ,norm&y to ,naples & to ,engl&1 ! ,britons ( ,armorica into ,great ,brita91 & vice v]sa1 7f ! fif? to ! elev5? c5tury27 ,footnote #bbh ! ,burgundians into ,lusitania1 :]e !y f\nd$ ! k+dom ( ,portugal1 7,h5ry ( ,burgundy1 9 ! elev5? c5tury1 accompani$ by knights & tr\bad\rs78 ,& !n ! v>i$ & ext5sive comm]ce ( ! great cities ( ,france & ( ! ri* & indu/ri\s ,flemi% cities1 ^: ports1 fill$ ) vessels f e l&1 res\nd$1 z we are told by ! *ronicl]s1 ) ! s\nds ( all languages8 ,& ! celebrat$ fairs1 ,beaucaire1 ,novgorod1 & ! ,l&it1 7at ,/4 ,d5is17 rally+-po9ts = ! m]*ants ( ,europe1 ,egypt1 ,asia1 & ! isl&s ( ! ,levant--& :i* 7 ! univ]sal expositions ( ! productions ( ! middle ages8 ,! bold ent]prises ( ! ,italian republics1 p[]ful ?r\gh comm]ce1 :i* own$ vessels en\gh to transport ! entire army ( ! crusad]s1 & :i* own$ a "p ( ! ,ea/--! ,g5oese1 ! faub\rgs ( ,con/ant9ople2 ! ,pisans1 sev]al ports 9 ,syria2 ! ,v5etians1 ! ,morea & ,crete1 ! ,ar*ipelago2 :i* traffick$ n only ) ! re/ ( ,europe1 b ) ! coa/ ( ,b>b>y1 ,tunis1 & ,morocco1 ,footnote #bbi 9 fact1 ) ! int]ior ( ,asia1 into :i* its adv5tur\s citiz5s p5etrat$1 7z 9 ! case ( ,m>co ,polo & sev]al o!rs17 & ) ! extreme ,ea/1 :i* ! n9ete5? c5tury has only j discov]$1 if we may d>e say s1 & alli$ ) ! re/ ( ! _w4 ,footnote #bcj ,footnote #bbh3 ,la ,villem>qu1 ,disc\rs au ,congrs celtigue de ,sa9t-,brieuc1 #ahfg4 ,footnote #bbi3 ,mala/rie1 ,missions sci5tifiques4 ,footnote #bcj3 ,! ,v5etian ,sanuto p5etrat$ z f> z ,cambodia2 a goldsmi? ( ,p>is settl$ 9 ,*9a2 m]*ants f ,breslau & ,pol& met ,g5oese1 ,pisan1 & ,v5etian m]*ants 9 ! int]ior ( ,t>t>y1 etc4 ,see ,le ,bas1 ,prcis de l',hi/oire du ,moy5 ,age4 #fjg ,! love ( k also drew nations toge!r4 ,le>n$ m5 did n hesitate to und]take long j\rneys1 to cross ! ,alps1 ! ,pyr5ees1 & ! sea1 t !y might pursue _! /udies 9 ,italy1 7z ,=tunatus at ,rav5na 9 ! six? c5tury17 obta9 books on m$ic9e1 7,ri*] 9 ! elev5? c5tury17 ,footnote #bca meet ,engli% /ud5ts 9 ,spa91 7,pet] ! ,v5]able 9 ! twelf? c5tury17 hold conv]se ) "s doctor at ,bologna1 or "s monk 9 a mona/]y ( ! ,ap5n9es4 ,h[ c\ld !re be no int]c\rse betwe5 ! univ]sities ( ,salamanca1 ( ,pavia1 ( ,ox=d1 & ( ,p>is1 :5 ! same que/ions 7 discuss$ at !m all2 :5 ! metaphysical h]esies :i* sprang f "o 7 refut$ 9 ano!r five hundr$ leagues di/ant2 ,footnote #bcb :5 ! ma/]s & pupils ( ,g]many1 ,engl&1 ,spa91 ,france1 & ,italy flock$ to ^! s*ools2 f ,france to ,padua1 f ,engl& to ,val5cia1 & f all c\ntries to ,p>is1 :]e1 almo/ at ! same "t1 disputations 7 c>ri$ on by ,engli%m51 ,italians1 ,iri%m51 & ,g]mans1 :o 7 to be kn[n z ,dante1 ,duns ,scotus1 ,rog] ,bacon1 ,brunetto ,lat9i1 ,alb]tus ,magnus1 ,alex&] ( ,hales1 & ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as8 ,footnote #bca3 ,d>emb]g1 ibid4 ,footnote #bcb3 ,& !re 7 su* close relations betwe5 ! factions 9 ,france & ^? ( ,engl&1 t1 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury1 ! revolution>y movem5ts 9 ,p>is co9cid$ ) ^? 9 ,london4 ,see ,naudet1 ,conjuration d ,eti5ne ,m>cel4 ,x has be5 said t = lit]ature to fl\ri%1 a nation mu/ be invigorat$ by p[]ful & v>i$ de$s3 ,footnote #bcc at :at epo* 0 !re a m /irr+ & v>i$ life ?an 9 ! middle ages8 ,footnote #bcc3 ,madame de ,/al4 ,foll[ ! cont9u$ j\rneys ( ! poet-hi/orian ,froiss>t to & fro 9 e direction1 9 ,france & )\t1 n[ at ! foot ( ! ,pyr5ees at ! ,*ateau de ,foix1 & n[ 9 ,italy1 :]e1 at ,milan1 he meets ano!r poet1 ,*auc] ( ,engl&1 :o _h come to visit ,g5oa1 ,padua1 etc4 ,f ,brittany he goes to ,fl&]s1 & ev5 to ,zeal&1 :]e he =ms a fri5d%ip ) a ,portuguese "l4 ,he ?9ks no?+ ( cross+ ! wat]2 he goes to ,engl& repeat$ly1 dwells !re1 & p5etrates ev5 to ,scotl&1 !n an unkn[n l&4 ,he trav]ses ,france f "o end to ! o!r2 is 9 ,spa9 to-day & to-morr[ 9 ,g]many4 ,w\ld y n ?9k y 7 read+ ! life ( a mod]n individual8 ,he is call$ a *ronicl]3 a *ronicl] inde$1 & aft] ! mann] ( ! m5 ( our own "t2 l !m1 *ronicl] & t\ri/1 trav]s+ e>? & sea to p>ticipate 9 fe/ivities1 witness battles1 & m+le 9 c\rts4 ,footnote #bcd ,footnote #bcd3 ,b ) ?is diff]5ce3 he did n travel 9 a cu%ion$ c> go+ at ! rate ( =ty miles an h\r1 b on horseback1 at a good r\nd trot1 ) spurs on 8 heels & 8 luggage beh9d4 ,yes1 k+s1 conqu]ors1 & ^? 9 pursuit ( adv5tures took long j\rneys ) _! arm$ foll[]s1 _! vehicles1 ma*9es1 & eng9es ( w>2 pr9ces1 nobles1 & w>riors trav]s$ ,europe1 escort$ by brilliant cavalcades1 ^u _! /e$s & palfreys2 m]*ants l&$ on =eign %ores1 ! w9ds swell+ ! sails ( _! vessels2 ev5 le>n$ m5 cross$ ! wat] & ! m\nta9s to add to _! k2 conqu]ors to f\nd empires1 pr9ces to /r5g!n _! p[] by alliances1 & m]*ants to ga9 weal?4 ,b !re 7 m5 :o surpass$ all ^! :o 7 borne by *>iots1 vessels1 & noble horses--! pilgrims :o w5t on foot4 #fjh ,cr[ds1 9 con/ant succession1 ( m51 wom51 & *ildr51 f all c\ntries1 und]took ^! pilgrimages to hundr$s ( holy places 9 ,fl&]s1 ,spa91 ,rome1 7:]e1 says ,villani1 ! jubilee ( #acjj l$ m ?an two hundr$ ?\s& pilgrims17 &1 above all1 to ! ,holy ,l&1 :i* l$ to ! wond]ful outp\r+ ( all ,europe into ,asia & ,africa = ?ree c5turies--! crusades1 dur+ :i* ! ,we/ 0 br\ght into contact ) ,egypt1 & ?r\gh ,egypt ) ,india2 ?r\gh ,con/ant9ople1 :]e ! ,lat9s f\nd$ an empire t la/$ m ?an fifty ye>s1 ) ! ,greeks1 & ?r\gh !m ) ! *efs-d'oeuvre ( pagan & ,*ri/ian antiquity1 & f :om !y obta9$ books1 manuscripts1 agricultural implem5ts1 & a k ( indu/rial pursuits lit]ature1 & ! arts4 ,footnote #bce ,footnote #bce3 ,!y br\ght back1 among o!r books1 ,ari/otle's works on metaphysics1 & cane1 millet1 camel's-hair /uffs1 etc4 ,& ! monks1 :at long j\rneys !y made 9 ! _w6 ,c>ri$ away by zeal = religion1 !y disp]s$ 9 e direction to prea* ! gospel2 "s to ,prussia1 ,pol&1 & ! extremities ( ,europe--to ,norway2 o!rs f ,greece1 ,egypt1 & ,syria to ,irel&2 o!rs /ill 79 ! "t ( ,/4 ,l\is7 into ,t>t>y1 & ev5 into ,*9a1 :]e !y f\nd traces ( ,*ri/ianity left !re by o!r monks :o _h prec$$ !m4 ,!y w5t /ill f>!r beyond ,irel& & ,norway into ,icel&1 & f ,icel& 7,/4 ,br&an 9 ! eigh? c5tury7 into an unkn[n l&1 peopl$ by /range m51 clad ) ! sk9s ( m>9e animals1 :]e !y built mona/]ies & *ur*es1 :5ce !y p5etrat$ /ill f>!r into ! int]ior1 ev5 z f> z ,mexico p]haps1 leav+ beh9d !m an ineffaceable remembrance1 ?us be+ ! fir/ to discov] ,footnote #bcf & inhabit ! c\ntry to :i* !y did n give its pres5t "n1 b :i* 0 really ! s\!rn extremity ( ! ,new ,_w :i*1 f\r c5turies aft]1 ,columbus discov]$1 & :i* is call$ ,am]ica4 ,footnote #bcf3 ,:51 9 ! elev5? c5tury1 ! ,sc&9avians l&$ 9 ,gre5l&1 ! ,esquimaux told !m t at ! s\? !re 7 :ite m5 clad 9 long black robes1 :o walk$ *ant+ & c>ry+ bann]s be=e !m2 !y 7 ! monks :o1 9 ! eigh? c5tury1 _h set sail = ,icel&1 & _h be5 ?r[n by ! w9d on ! ,am]ican coa/4 7,ozanam1 ,le ,*ri/ianisme *ez les ,b>b>es47 ,dom ,pitra 7,hi/oire de ,/4 ,lg]7 m5tions a book ( ! sixte5? c5tury on ! voyages ( ! ,b5$ict9es into ,am]ica--d\btless ^! monks lo/ among ! savages1 :o left ^? signs ( ,*ri/ianity1 crosses1 a k9d ( baptism1 etc41 :i* 7 aft]w>d f\nd1 & :i* o!rwise w\ld be inexplicable4 ,x 0 nei!r ?ir/ = ri*es1 nor love ( conque/1 nor long+ = p[]1 nor ev5 en?usiasm = k1 t induc$ !m to und]take ^! ext5sive1 dang]\s1 & fruitful ent]prises2 !y 7 inspir$ by a m sublime s5tim5t--! love ( ,god & ( s\ls--! desire ( devot+ !mselves to ,god1 & ( lead+ to him new foll[]s out ( /range nations4 ,,iv4 ,woman ,!re is no m>k m di/9ctive ( ! "* ( individuals or nations ?an ! treatm5t ( woman4 ,*ri/ianity emancipat$ woman2 x br\ght h] =? f ! obscurity to :i* %e _h be5 bani%$1 & tak+ h] by ! h&1 introduc$ h] into ! social _w1 & gave h] a place beside man1 t %e might receive ! spiritual alim5t :i* w\ld develop h] m9d1 z well z elevate h] s\l4 ,taught by ! example ( ,*ri/1 ! mo/ eloqu5t & le>n$ ( ! fa!rs--^? philosoph]s ( no sect--,j]ome1 ,gregory ( ,nazianz51 ,augu/9e1 ,paul9us1 & ,basil1 address num]\s lett]s to wom5--to wom51 s disda9$ by paganism t n a s+le lett] to a woman is to be f\nd 9 all ! correspond5ce ( ,cic]o4 ,footnote #bcg ,footnote #bcg3 ,& ( ,pl9y4 ,if ,s5eca compos$ two treatises1 ,de ,consolatione1 = ,m>cia & ,helvia x 0 because 8 ideas 7 modifi$ by contact ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,& ,i see h]e9 a pro(1 :i* has n be5 suffici5tly notic$1 ( 8 k ( ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e or ( 8 acqua9tance ) ,/4 ,paul4 #fji ,b x may be said t ^! wom5 :o %[$ !mselves wor?y ( hold+ conv]se ) su* great m5 read & wrote ,greek1 ,lat91 & ,hebrew1 & belong$ to ! highe/ ,roman society4 ,!re are no wom5 :o are n noble4 ,! *ur* op5$ s*ools = wom5 :]e !y receiv$ ! same in/ructions z m54 ,footnote #bch ,footnote #bch3 ,dom ,pitra1 ,hi/oire de ,/4 ,lg]1 vi4 ,!re is1 f ! "t ( ! illu/ri\s patrician ladies :o foll[$ ,/4 ,j]ome into ! des]t1 ,/4 ,paula1 ,/4 ,eu/o*ium1 etc41 ,footnote #bci3 an un9t]rupt$ li/ ( nuns1 ( abbesses1 :om ! *ur* rev]es z sa9ts1 & :o might be claim$ by ! lit]>y _w on acc\nt ( _! atta9m5ts4 ,= example1 ,/4 ,radegonde1 79 ! six? c5tury17 :o introduc$ into ! mona/]y ( ,/4 ,croix1 at ,poiti]s1 ! rule ( ,/4 ,caes>ius1 :i* oblig$ all ! nuns to ! /udy ( lett]s1 t is to say1 ,lat91 ! fa!rs1 canonical law1 hi/ory1 cosmography1 etc41 to devote two h\rs a day to read+ besides t :i* !y li/5$ to dur+ labor & _! meals1 & to ! transcrib+ ( books1 etc4 etc42 ,lioba1 at ,bis*(%eim1 9 ,g]many1 ! mi/ress ( a s*ool 9 a b>b>\s c\ntry :o only left h] books to pray2 ,footnote #bdj ,footnote #bci3 ,& ,m>cella1 ,blezilla1 ,paul9a4 ,fabiola1 7( ! family ( ,fabii17 ,furia1 7( ! family ( ,camillus1 ,melania1 ,m>cell9a1 etc47 ,footnote #bdj3 ,see ,dom ,pitra1 ib4 ,he m5tions ,/4 ,aldegondes1 ,/4 ,an/rude1 etc4 ,! mona/]y ( ,lioba1 he says1 0 l a normal s*ool ) respect to ! o!r s*ools spr++ up 9 ,g]many4 ,/4 ,b]tille1 at ,*elles2 ,/4 ,g]trude1 9 ,belgium1 7sev5? c5tury17 :o s5t to ,irel& & to ,italy = books2 & ^? poor wom5 :o /udi$ !ology "u ,/4 ,boniface1 7eigh? c5tury27 & ,ros)a1 ^: dramatic works display n only ! inv5tive imag9ation ( ! poet1 b a le>n+ r>e among wom5 ( any age1 %[n by h] quotations f ! anci5t poets1 ! hi/orical facts %e m5tions1 h] k ( =eign languages1 etc4 ,footnote #bda ,a ,g]b]t & a ,ros)a are suffici5t to r$eem a :ole c5tury f ! *>ge ( ignorance & b>b>ism2 & if nuns 9 ! he>t ( ,g]many made su* atta9m5ts 9 lit]ature1 :at mu/ h be5 ! wom5 ( ! age ( ,*>lemagne1 ( ,/4 ,b]n>d1 & ( ,/4 ,l\is8 ,!n ! daught]s & nieces ( ! emp]or took lessons ( ,alcu93 a que5 sang ! sweet s]5ity ( ! cloi/] 9 graceful ,lat9 v]se2 ,footnote #bdb a "y girl ( ,p>is _h = h] tea*] "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ pr(essors ( h] "t2 ,footnote #bdc & !n 0 drawn up a c\rse ( /udies 9 :i* 7 prescrib$1 su* z ^!3 ,footnote #bdd ,footnote #bda3 ,spani% p>ticul>ly1 prov$ by ! ,hispanismes 9 h] /yle1 po9t$ out by h] le>n$ editor1 ,magn94 ,footnote #bdb3 ,ri*>de1 wife ( ,*>les le ,gros4 ,footnote #bdc3 ,helose1 & d\btless %e 0 n ! only "o among ! b\rgeoisie ( ,p>is4 ,recall also ! le>n$ nun m5tion$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,du ,guescl9's life1 :o1 9 pr$ict+ 8 success1 remov$1 z x 71 ! ob/acles to 8 glori\s c>e]4 ,footnote #bdd3 ,b\t>ic1 ,vie et ,o,euvres de ,pi]re du ,bois1 9 ! memoirs ( ! ,academy ( ,inscriptions1 #ahfd4 ,*ildr5 ( bo? sexes1 f five to twelve ye>s ( age3 read+1 79 ! ,psalt]17 s++1 gramm>1 moral di/i*s1 7( ,cato17 &1 a little lat]1 ,lat91 :i* !y w le>n to speak4 ,"y girls3 natural hi/ory1 surg]y1 m$ic9e1 logic1 ,lat91 & ! ori5tal languages--a plan drawn up 9 ! d>k & ignorant middle ages1 :i* c\ld n be easily pursu$ ev5 9 ?is age1 di/+ui%$ & enlight5$ by ! romances ( s _m wom5 ( g5ius6 #faj ,we ne$ n wait till ! "t ( ,clem5ce ,isaure 7f\rte5? c5tury7 to f9d a woman :om ,*ri/ianity _h imbu$ ) ta/e & a delicate poetical nature4 ,hi/ory1 *ronicles1 & ballads h op5$ to u ! *ateaux :]e1 :il/ ! mail-clad b>on & 8 arm$ foll[]s f\ght )\t1 8 wife1 seat$ 9 "s deep embrasure1 w\ld ca/ a glance f "t to "t ?r\gh ! n>r[ w9d[ ^u ! v>i$ l&scape1 & !n resume1 9 ! l>ge1 op5 volume be=e h]1 ! fabul\s & h]oic exploits ( knights & brave m5 among ! paynim & giants2 :]e1 at nightfall1 9 ! mid/ ( h] s]vants & foll[]s1 %e li/5$ smil+ly & ?\ghtfully to "s w&]+ tr\bad\r s++ ( w>1 ( love1 & ( t\rnam5ts1 & relat+ 8 adv5tures--a *>m+ picture :i* allies ! romantic *atela9e--pass+ by ! elegant & trifl+ ladies ( ! c\rt ( ! ,re/oration--) ! /rong-m9d$ wom5 ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 s captivat+ & s le>n$1 :o read philosophical treatises1 spoke sev]al languages1 /udi$ ! doctors & fa!rs ( ! *ur*1 & :o are consid]$ by ! _w z models ( wit1 ta/e1 elegance1 & grace3 ,longueville1 ,montausi]1 ,lafayette1 ,ramb\illet1 ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 ,ma9t5on1 & ,svign6 ,v4 ,! ,nobility4 ,b x is necess>y to make a pa9ful av[al4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! g5]al diffusion ( k 9 mona/]ies1 s*ools1 univ]sities1 t[ns1 bor\ghs1 & villages1 & ev5 among ! poor & l[ly1 !re is "o class ( society :i* rema9$ dur+ all ! middle ages 9 %ameful ignorance--! nobility4 ,! k+s1 h[ev]1 :o issu$ f its ranks1 & :o 9 all ages prid$ !mselves on ! "n ( g5tleman1 7 an exception4 ,! sons ( ,clovis 7 ! fir/ pupils ( ! s*ool e/abli%$ 9 8 palace & direct$ by 8 *apla94 ,?is example 0 p]petuat$4 ,! pr9ces ( ! ,m]ov+ian dyna/y pursu$ _! /udies 9 ! mona/]ies1 & lit]>y habits became s cong5ial to !m t1 9 "s in/ances1 !y 7 c>ri$ to excess & became a k9d ( mania1 z 9 ! case ( ! pr9ce call$ ! ,cl]c c\ronn4 7,*ilp]ic47 ,z to ,*>lemagne1 :o spoke ! ,lat9 language1 und]/ood ,greek1 made a/ronomical calculations1 br\ght pr(essors f ,italy1 7,pet] ( ,pisa & ,paul ! ,hell5i/ deacon17 & f\nd$ ! fir/ academy & ! fir/ univ]sity1 x is useless to insi/ on him1 = he is univ]sally ackn[l$g$ to be at once a h]o1 a le>n$ man1 & a sa9t4 ,nor are ! lit]>y ta/es ( ! mo/ em95t sov]eigns d5i$1 z ,alfr$ ! ,great1 ! translator ( ,a,esop & comm5tator ( ,b$e2 ,*>les le ,*auve1 :o _h ,ari/otle & ,plato expla9$ to him by ma/]s f ,con/ant9ople2 ,alfonso ! ,wise1 a/ronom]1 legislator1 & hi/orian2 ,rob]t ! ,pi\s2 ,otto ,,ii41 :o appo9t$ ,g]b]t1 ! wise/ man ( ! age1 tutor to 8 son2 ,fr$]ick ,,ii41 :o spoke ,g]man1 ,fr5*1 ,arabic1 ,lat91 & ,greek2 & ,philip ,augu/us1 ! patron ( lit]ature & ! arts1 :o1 = t age1 0 z magnific5t z ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,footnote #bde ,footnote #bde3 ,villema91 ibid4 #faa ,& lat] ?an ! twelf? c5tury1 is x a/oni%+ t ,/4 ,l\is admitt$ ,/4 ,?omas ( ,aqu9 to 8 table1 :]e1 9 8 pres5ce1 7 discuss$ ! highe/ que/ions ( philosophy8 ,t ! rule ( /udy drawn up = ,john1 son ( ,philip ( ,valois1 includ$ ,lat9 & sev]al languages8 ,footnote #bdf ,t ,*>les ,v4 collect$ at ! ,l\vre a libr>y ( consid]able size1 & t 8 bro!rs1 ! dukes ( ,burgundy & ,b]ri1 c>ri$ away by love = ! arts1 ord]$ m9iatures1 :i* are admirable pa9t+s1 f ! celebrat$ pa9t]s1 ,meml+1 ,van ,eyck1 & ,jean ,f\quet8 ,b we are approa*+ ! "t ( ! ,re/oration1 & consequ5tly all ^! facts prove no?+4 ,footnote #bdf3 ,9 a memoir address$ to ! que5 9 #accd & compos$ ( "o hundr$ & six articles1 ! unkn[n au?or gives ! k+'s daily rule ( life z foll[s3 ,rise at six all ! ye> r\nd--,mass at sev5--bus9ess till t5--supp] at six--to b$ at t5--to h 8 son taught sev]al languages1 ev5 ,lat91 to fit him to travel4 ,b 7 ^! enlight5$1 well-in=m$1 & ev5 le>n$ mon>*s satisfi$ ) _! own atta9m5ts1 & did !y live 9 _! c\rts among brutal1 ignorant1 & co>se w>riors :o c\ld only talk ( combats & gallantry8 ,no2 x is well kn[n t _! pr9cipal vassals1 ! m9or sov]eigns1 especially ^? ( ,s\!rn ,france1 :]e ! le>n+ ( ,rome 0 diffus$1 7 n :olly unlett]$4 ,9 ! n9? c5tury1 !re 0 ! son ( a ,c\nt 7,maguelonne7 ,/4 ,b5$ict ( ,amiane1 :o 0 at ! head ( all ! mona/]ies 9 ,france1 & :o comp>$1 modifi$1 & wrote comm5t>ies on ! rules ( ! v>i\s religi\s ord]s--,greek z well z ,lat92 ,f\lques1 ,c\nt ( ,anj\1 9 ! t5? c5tury--yes1 9 ! t5? c5tury1 t d>ke/ p]iod ( ! middle ages--und]/ood ,ari/otle & ,cic]o1 z has be5 prov$1 & 9 ! foll[+ c5tury1 :5 ! lead]s ( ! crusades assembl$ at ,j]usalem to draw up a code ( laws--a civil & political code--*>t] ( citiz5%ip1 etc41 !y evid5tly und]/ood n only ! g5]al cu/oms1 b ,roman law2 & sev]al ( !m 7,isel91 etc47 7 no less pr(ici5ts 9 ! law ?an valiant knights2 ,footnote #bdg f9ally1 if ! muse ( ,france w\ld trace its ance/ry back to =m] times1 x w\ld f9d two pr9ces1 ,william ( ,poiti]s & ,?ibaut ( ,*ampagne4 ,x is "r1 !n1 to leave out ! te/imony ( sov]eigns4 ,footnote #bdg3 ,rob]tson1 9 8 introduction to ! ,hi/ory ( ,*>les ,v41 is mi/ak5 :5 he says ! middle ages 7 ignorant ( ,roman law until ! twelf? c5tury4 ,roman law 0 n reviv$ by ! discov]y ( a copy ( ! ,p&ects at ,amalfi3 x 0 always kn[n & practis$3 x 0 cit$ at ! tribunals1 & g5]ally kn[n dur+ all ! middle ages1 z demon/rat$ by ,savigny1 ,hi/oire du ,droit roma9 au ,moy5 ,age4 ,see also ,fauriel1 ,hi/oire des ,populations mridionales4 ,hi/ory also c]tifies a v s+ul> fact3 ! lead]s1 ! leudes1 "u ! ,m]ov+ians1 s5t _! *ildr5 to ! s*ool at ! palace to be initiat$ 9 palatial le>n+4 ,!re !y und]w5t exam9ations1 /udi$ ! fa!rs1 hi/ory1 law1 religi\s dogmas1 receiv$ degrees1 etc4 ,?is fact is ?us expla9$3 ^! "y m5 7 ho/ages t ! k+ kept at c\rt to insure ! fealty ( _! fa!rs1 no d\bt2 & ! consequ5ce ( ?is truly b>b>\s idea 0 to conv]t a prison into a s*ool & an academy6 ,!re 0 ano!r cu/om almo/ z s+ul>3 ^! "y m5 are repres5t$ z travell+1 ev5 9 ! e>lie/ ages1 9 ! v>i\s c\ntries ( ,europe--,france1 ,spa91 & ,italy--& 9 ! ,ea/4 ,yes1 not)/&+ ! insecurity ( ! r\tes1 x 0 ! fa%ion 9 ! sev5? c5tury to s5d "y ,engli%m5 to ,france to be re>$1 & ev5 9 _m cases across ! ,alps to ,rome1 ,padua1 etc4 ,"s w5t to complete _! education 9 ,greece1 &1 aft] ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,lat9 ,empire1 at ,con/ant9ople4 ,^! "y m5 app>5tly belong$ to weal?y & noble families4 #fab ,& we w\ld recall ! fact t 9 ! s*ools direct$ by ,clem5t1 a ,scot*man1 ,*>lemagne assembl$--/range idea6--a great numb] ( *ildr5 ( all classes f ! highe/ to ! l[e/ rank2 ,footnote #bdh t among ! pupils ( ,lanfranc1 at ! abbey ( ,bec1 7 a great numb] ( ! *ildr5 ( lords & b>ons1 &1 among o!rs1 ,william1 ,duke ( ,norm&y1 & t son ( an ,italian nobleman :o1 lat]1 0 kn[n z ,pope ,alex&] ,,ii4 ,x w\ld appe> t ^! "y m5 did n all[ ! faculties !y _h develop$ to rema9 unproductive & useless1 f ! fact t ! e>lie/ poets 7 pr9ces & nobles4 ,b !n1 poetry is ! (fspr+ ( ! imag9ation & ( g5ius1 & ! ,fr5* race1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! ,s\?1 are s ri*ly gift$ !re)6 ,footnote #bdh3 ,! monk ( ,/4 ,gall1 m5tion$ by ,phil4 le ,bas1 ibid4 ,:at is m surpris+1 ! fir/ ,fr5* hi/orians 7 two lords3 ,villeh>do9 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 & ,jo9ville 9 ! ?irte5?--hi/orians n )\t culture4 ,!re are 9 _! language elegance1 di/9ction1 & ,attic wit4 ,!y m5tion1 en passant1 & )\t affectation1 names & facts t atte/ v>i$ k1 & _! /yle is s p]fect t compet5t writ]s h conclud$ t ! nobility m\ld$ ! ,fr5* language to hi/ory & poetry--! ideal & ! practical6 ,footnote #bdi ,x is probably to ^! /udi\s habits & ?is incl9ation = intellectual pursuits1 p]petuat$ = ages l a tradition1 is due ! delicate & correct ta/e peculi> to ! ,fr5* nobility ( ! la/ two c5turies1 & ! noble ambition ( ! great lords :o h n be5 satisfi$ ) protect+ ! arts1 b h deem$ x an honor to h _! hi/orical names inscrib$ on ! li/ ( ! academies1 h /riv5 to acquire a k ( lett]s1 to excel 9 x1 & to add to ! lu/re ( _! desc5t brilliancy ( tal5t & ! glory res]v$ = intellectual labors4 ,footnote #bdi3 ,villema91 ibid41 ,lop4 ,delisle1 ,a4 de la ,bord]ie1 ,m>*egay4 ,see also ,aud1 ,mmoires de la ,socit d',emulation de la ,v5de1 & ! works already m5tion$ ( ,b\t>ic1 ,littr1 ,pi]re ,clmn5t1 etc4 ,f9ally--= we mu/ collect te/imony = ! acquittal ( ! accus$--s9ce ! judgm5t has be5 s sev]e1 ! mo/ consci5ti\s & erudite m5 ( mod]n times1 hav+ trav]s$ ! middle ages & return$ lad5 ) docum5ts1 decl>e t1 among ! numb]less titles t pass$ ?r\gh _! h&s1 !y nev] met ?is =mula1 s (t5 m5tion$3 ?is "o1 be+ a nobleman1 atte/s 8 inability to sign 8 "n4 ,yet 9 spite ( ^! pro(s1 ^! atte/ations1 & ! au?ority ( ! witnesses1 !re is "o fact beyond d\bt1 ! absolute ignorance ( ! nobility ( ! middle ages1 & we are =c$1 to our great regret1 to conclude t ?is op9ion mu/ be accept$ z a hi/orical fact ( ! same class1 & z cle>ly prov$1 z ! s well au!nticat$ facts ( ,sixtus ,v4 ?r[+ away 8 crut*es z soon z he 0 elect$ ,pope1 ,gilles de ,raiz slaught]+ 8 wives l ,bluebe>d1 ,*>les ,v4 p>ticipat+ 9 8 own fun]al rites at ,/4 ,j1 ,m>ie de ,m$icis dy+ ( hung] 9 a g>ret at ,cologne1 & ,galileo imprison$ 9 a dungeon ( ! ,inquisition6 #fac ,,vi4 ,"* ,( ,! ,k ,( ,! ,middle ,ages4 ,! language ( a p is ,"o ( ! ,signs t m>k its progress ,or decay4 ,if ! g5ius ( a language is fully develop$1 ! nation is 9 its apogee2 if x is n develop$1 or if x is los+ its purity1 ! nation is progress+ or decl9+4 ,?is is a tru? rem>k$ by "o ( ! mo/ active m9ds ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 says ,riv>ol1 ! ,fr5* language _h m ne>ly atta9$ a c]ta9 p]fection ?an 9 ! sixte5?4 ,footnote #bej ,he is a/oni%$3 he f9ds ! fact v extraord9>y1 b he does n expla9 x4 ,! explanation is easy4 ,! ,fr5* language 0 mu* ne>] p]fection 9 ! ?irte5? ?an 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 because society 0 m firmly e/abli%$4 ,! sixte5? c5tury 0 an age ( transition1 ! dawn ( a great era--an av5ue lead+ to a l>ge city :i* we pass ?r\gh1 b 9 :i* we d n l+]4 ,! m5 ( t "t1 )\t be+ aw>e ( x1 7 prep>+ = ! future4 ,!y collect$ mat]ials = build+ f ! rema9s ( antiquity & ! attempts ( =eign]s2 !y imitat$ & did n inv5t4 ,consequ5tly _! language 0 obscure & load$ ) =eign idioms & antiquat$ expressions2 x 0 nei!r bold1 nor expressive1 nor cle>2 x 0 ornam5t$1 ri*1 & r$undant2 x 0 ov]lad5 l a tree n prun$2 ! fruit 0 hidd5 by an excess ( foliage4 ,a great w9d--! agitation ( civil w>-- %ook (f ?is exub]ant foliage & ! fruit appe>$2 ! sun ( ! sev5te5? c5tury w>m$ & color$ x ) its rays2 !n x rip5$1 & ! ,fr5* language atta9$ its def9ite =m & became immortal4 ,footnote #bej3 ,9 8 ,disc\rs sur l',univ]salit de la ,langue ,franaise1 always to ! po9t1 & (t5 pr(\nd1 a writ] ( our "t goes /ill fur!r3 ,! language 0 fully develop$ & equal to our own1 says ,m4 ,villema91 ,hi/oire de la ,litrature du ,moy5 ,age1 lesson x4 ,! language ( ! ?irte5? c5tury 0 z complete & p]fect z x c\ld be4 ,at t p]iod 7 laid ! f\ndations ( ,*ri/ian sci5ce4 ,footnote #bea ,d\btless1 ea* age add+ to ! k ( mank9d1 t sci5ce 0 n z ext5d$ z n[1 b x _h ! ess5tial qualities ( true sci5ce3 x 0 analytical2 x con/antly appli$ ?is axiom1 :i* is ! condition ( progress3 ,multm1 non multa4 ,ev]y?+ corresponds3 ! sci5ce ( ! ,egyptians 0 on a level ) _! arts2 _! philosophy 0 z complex z _! religion 0 my/]i\s4 ,x 0 ! same 9 ! middle ages4 ,!y possess$ ! true religion1 _h "r views ( philosophy1 atta9$ to em95ce 9 ! arts1 & made accurate sci5tific obs]vations4 ,& late rese>*es h %[n t !y greatly ext5d$ ! k !y inh]it$ f antiquity4 ,footnote #beb ,_! al*emi/s & physicians 7 n *>latans4 ,! g5]al pr9ciples ( ,alb]tus ,magnus & ! ,jewi% & ,arabian physicians ( ,spa9 & ,asia h>monize ) ^? ( mod]n sci5ce4 ,!y 7 ignorant ( c]ta9 ph5om5a1 z a c]ta9 skill 0 want+ to ! arti/s ( ! "t2 b ?is ignorance c no m be rais$ z an objection ?an aga9/ ! le>n$ m5 ( our "t = n kn[+ ! sci5tific discov]ies ( a ?\s& ye>s h5ce4 ,x is n ext5t ( k t /amps an epo* z great1 b ! use x makes ( x1 & ! logical conclusions x draws f its pr9ciples4 ,footnote #bea3 ,la ,raison ,ca?olique et la ,raison philosophe1 ii41 by ,v5tura4 ,footnote #beb3 ,littr1 ibid4 #fad ,! sci5ce ( ! middle ages 0 em95tly logical1 = x _h its s\rce 9 a m\nta9 ^: summit rises to heav5--9 !ology--:5ce x fl[s 9 /reams ^u all m9ds4 ,!ology1 x has be5 said1 ,footnote #bec is only ! expression ( an idea3 x is mu* m1 x is ! sublime end ( ?\ght--! fir/ ( all sci5ces1 ! sci5ce p> excell5ce--! sci5ce ( ,god4 ,! sceptre ( sci5ce belongs to ,europe only because x _h its s\rce 9 !ology1 ,footnote #bed :i* occupi$ e m9d 9 ! middle ages--! greate/ z well z ! n>r[e/ m9ds--:i*1 dwell+ on great ?+s1 became great4 ,x prompt$ !m to o!r atta9m5ts4 ,to climb to ! heights ( k1 !y _h to lay hold ( ! asp]ities ( ! m\nta9 & ( all ! bran*es ( sci5ce "o aft] ano!r2 ( jurisprud5ce1 civil law--! bran* ne>e/ ! surface ( ! e>?2 !n ( ! physical sci5ces2 aft]w>d ( geometry1 algebra1 a/ronomy1 & ! /ill high] bran*es1 canon law & philosophy6 ,footnote #bee ,footnote #bec3 ,villema91 ,hi/oire de la ,littrature da ,moy5 ,age1 lesson xviii4 ,he evid5tly does n compreh5d ! influ5ce ( !ology1 = he adds1 ,z 9 ano!r age ! public m9d is express$ by politics1 ! !ology ( "o epo* is ! philosophy ( ano!r4 ,footnote #bed3 ,j4 de ,mai/re4 ,footnote #bee3 ,! ,ox=d /ud5ts & ^? ( o!r univ]sities /udi$ at ! same "t civil & canon law4 ,& above all1 & m+l$ ) all1 lit]ature2 = lett]s are ! expression ( ! m9d itself--! univ]sal m9d--:il/ ! sci5ces require only a p>tial application ( x4 ,footnote #bef ,9 ! lit]ature ( a p are embodi$ its ideas1 mann]s1 arts1 indu/rial pursuits1 wor%ip1 & its :ole life4 ,by x man trav]ses c\ntries & ages1 imbibes _! _s1 & /r5g!ns 8 m9d m ?an by any o!r /udy4 ,!nce ! incessant /udy ( anci5t lit]ature1 :i*1 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 0 m g5]ally diffus$ ?an ev]4 ,lat91 ! language ( tradition & ( ! *ur*1 ! orig9al language ( ! pres5t dom9ant nations ( ,france1 ,italy1 ,spa91 & ev5 ,engl&1 7,lat9 0 spok5 9 ,engl& until ! f\rte5? c5tury1 & a great numb] ( words 9 ! ,engli% language is d]iv$ f ! ,lat917 0 und]/ood by all classes2 discussions 9 ,lat9 7 c>ri$ on 9 univ]sities1 & gramm> & ,lat9 7 taught 9 ! village s*ools4 ,footnote #beg ,!y 7 con/antly mak+ rese>*es2 ,villani at ,rome read ,lucan1 ,virgil1 ,val]ius ,maximus2 ! s*ol>s ( ,cambridge wrote comm5t>ies on ,cic]o4 ,9 ,france1 ,sallu/ & ,titus ,livius 7 translat$1 soon foll[$ by ,caes>1 ,ovid1 & ,suetonius1 7"u ,*>les ,v47 ,greek became m univ]sally kn[n aft] ! tak+ ( ,con/ant9ople by ! crusad]s2 ,ari/otle 0 translat$ into ,lat9 by ,mi*ael ,scott1 & bi%ops 9 ,italy wrote homilies 9 ! language ( ,*ryso/om4 ,footnote #beh ,!ologians1 philosoph]s1 & poets 7 n\ri%$ by ! valuable & concise rema9s ( antiquity2 ,dante1 ,petr>*1 ,boccaccio1 z well z ! ,franciscan lyrics & ! ,romance ( ! ,rose4 ,all ! works ( t "t are full ( anci5t rem9isc5ces4 ,footnote #bef3 ,expression ( ,napoleon ,i4 ,footnote #beg3 ,lop4 ,delisle1 ,les ,classes agricoles en ,norm&ie au treizime sicle4 ,footnote #beh3 ,manuscripts se5 by ,m4 ,r5an1 9 ! ,vatican4 ,missions sci5tifiques4 #fae ,nev]!less1 !y did n neglect o!r languages4 ,9 ! great int]c\rse ( nations !re 0 an ex*ange ( idioms4 ,h[ mu* is prov$ respect+ t int]c\rse & ! k ( languages1 by ! s+le fact t ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,tol$o1 at ! ,c\ncil ( ,lat]an 9 #abae1 deliv]$ a disc\rse 9 ,lat91 & !n repeat$ x = ! laity 9 ,spani%1 ,fr5*1 & ,g]man4 ,b !y did n re/rict !mselves to ! ,european languages4 ,:y %\ld n ! le>n$ m5 :o w5t to seek k f ! ,jews & ! ,moors1 & /udi$ ,ari/otle z (t5 f ! ,arabian comm5tators z f ! orig9al works1 endeavor to acquire ! language ( ^? !y s (t5 came 9 contact )8 & ! adv5tur]s :o cross$ ! des]ts into ! he>t ( ,asia2 & ! ,italian republics t trad$ ) ,africa2 ! ambassadors t k+s s5t to ! ,khan ( ,t>t>y2 ! m]*ants :o daily saw1 l&+ 9 _! ports & m+l+ 9 _! fairs1 ! turbans1 pelisses1 & caftans ( m]*ants f ,cairo1 ,aleppo1 ,bagdad1 ,novgorod1 & ,s>mac&8 ,besides1 ! ori5tal languages _h nev] be5 neglect$4 ,9 ! six? c5tury1 ,k+ ,gontran1 at 8 entrance into ,orleans1 0 address$ 9 ,lat91 ,greek1 ,hebrew1 ,arabic1 & ,syriac4 ,footnote #bei ,9 ! cr[d$ s*ools ( ! eigh? c5tury 7 /udi$ all languages1 ev5 ! ori5tal1 says ,dom ,pitra4 ,f ! t5? c5tury ! pilgrimages to ! ,holy ,l& & ! crusades made ! language ( ! ,s>ac5s 7,arabic7 famili> to a great numb]4 ,b !re 0 a /ill /rong] reason :i* l$ to ! acquisition ( ! ,ea/]n languages--! conv]sion ( ! infidels4 ,footnote #bei3 ,see ,gregory ( ,t\rs4 ,! c\rse ( /udy already m5tion$ 0 inspir$ by a great idea--,*ri/ian 9 its nature--! conque/ ( ! ,ea/ by ! infusion ( ,*ri/ianity2 reg5]ation by civilization1 to use ! mod]n expression4 ,! noble m9d t conceiv$ x wi%$ to cont9ue ! "w ( ! crusades by diffus+ ! doctr9es1 op9ions1 & arts ( ,*ri/5dom3 aft] arms1 ! sci5ces4 ,france1 9 its en?usiasm = proselyt+1 wi%$ to s5d on a mission ( prie/s1 artisans1 physicians1 wom51 entire families1 9 fact1 a :ole colony4 ,^! p w\ld e/abli% !mselves 9 ! ,holy ,l&1 colonize x1 f\nd a ,*ri/ian race1 & f t sacr$ spot--f ,m\nt ,zion--div]ge on e side1 into ,africa z well z ,asia1 into ,egypt1 ,mesopotamia1 ,p]sia1 & ,arabia2 m+le among ! p envelop$ 9 d>kness1 7! t]m is j 9 ?is case17 influ5ce !m by _! actions1 morals1 intellig5ce & good de$s1 & accompli% 9 t age--! ?irte5? c5tury--! provid5tial "w t ,europe1 )\t entirely kn[+ :at x is effect+1 is realiz+ 9 our day--! trans=mation ( ! re/ ( ! _w1 ! union ( savage1 b>b>\s1 & brutal p into a univ]sal nation :o w be guid$ by ! _s ( ! gospel4 ,footnote #bfj ,footnote #bfj3 ,abel de ,rmusat1 ,mmoire sur les ,relations des ,pr9ces ,*rti5s avec les ,emp]eurs ,moguls1 quot$ by ,m4 ,guizot1 ,hi/oire de la ,civilization en ,europe4 ,x 0 9 ord] to prep>e labor]s = ?is sublime ent]prise t ?is plan ( /udies1 z v>i$ z ext5d$1 0 prep>$4 ,d y n see all x supposes--! compreh5sion ( ! au?ors1 s*ools1 & m5 capable ( apply+ ! plan8 ,& x did n rema9 a m]e project2 x began to be execut$4 ,! ,univ]sity ( ,p>is propos$ to e/abli% a pr(essor%ip ( ! ,t>t> language4 ,x 0 n done till a lat] day1 because ! univ]sity only acts ) a view to sci5ce2 b ! *ur* did n delay1 prompt$ by a m noble motive4 ,at ,rome x taught ! ori5tal languages 9 its colleges2 at ,p>is1 ! monks ( ,/4 ,pre de-,*>tres1 at ! annual exp5se ( "o ?\s& francs1 op5$1 = ! space ( ?ree ye>s1 a s*ool = "y m5 f ! ,ea/1 :o return$ to _! c\ntry c>ry+ ) !m ! acquirem5ts ( ! ,we/ & ! et]nal tru?s ( religion4 ,footnote #bfa ,footnote #bfa3 ,c>tul>y ( ,/4 ,pre de ,*>tres4 #faf ,! c\ncils 7t ( ,vi5na 9 #acaa7 decre$ t ! ori5tal languages4 %\ld be taught at ,p>is1 ,salamanca1 ,bologna1 ,ox=d1 & all ! great univ]sities4 ,! *ur* wi%es to diffuse k 9 ord] to evangelize ! _w2 x arms m5 ) sci5ce t !y may be m p[]ful1 & x pu%es !m =w>d 9 ! c>e] ( le>n+1 t1 at ! end1 !y may f9d ,god4 ,,vii4 ,ardor ,= ,le>n+4 ,& ! *ur* has always f\nd disciples eag] to li/5 to its in/ructions4 ,! v b>b>ians1 x has be5 rem>k$1 7 n av]se to /udy2 !y _h1 on ! contr>y1 t innate ta/e = lett]s :i* di/+ui%es ! ,g]manic race4 ,! ,franks 7 easily in/ruct$2 !y m+l$ among ! ,gauls ( ! ,s\? 9 ! c\rse ( rhetoric & poetry1 7at ,bordeaux 9 ! fif? & six? c5turies27 ,/4 ,m$>d1 ,b$e1 & ,mici c\nt$ !m by ?\s&s 9 _! s*ools4 ,:5 ! twelf? c5tury op5$ m num]\s s*ools1 an imm5se cr[d ha/5$ to !m4 ,x 0 an invasion ( recruits1 :o wi%$ to le>n ! use ( ! arms ( k1 9 ,engl&1 ,g]many1 & ,italy2 at ,milan !re 7 eighty ma/]s :o 7 laym52 ,france above all1 display$ its *>act]i/ic ardor4 ,at ,p>is1 colleges 7 f\nd$ "o aft] ano!r2 two at ! end ( ! twelf? c5tury1 fifte5 9 ! ?irte5? & f\rte5?2 "o half ( ,p>is 0 trans=m$ into s*ools4 ,t ( ! ,canons ( ,notre ,dame ext5d$ f ! *ur* to ! ,petit-,pont2 !n x pass$ ov] ! left bank & asc5d$ ! m\nta9 ,footnote #bfb --! m\nta9 t has pres]v$ ! "n ( ,qu>ti] ,lat9--! true realm ( sci5ce imag9$ by ! poets1 :]e liv$1 9 close proximity1 turbul5t b&s ( /ud5ts f e l&1 9 gr\ps1 accord+ to _! nations & languages4 ,footnote #bfb3 ,vict4 le ,cl]c1 ,hi/oire de la ,litt]ature au treizime sicle4 ,=eign]s ,footnote #bfc proclaim$ ,p>is ! c5tre ( k1 &1 9 a "r & elevat$ s5se1 ! lead] ( ,europe4 ,!re 0 !n "s m]it 9 ! pursuit ( k4 ,! "n ( "o ( ! /reets ( ,p>is1 ! ,rue du ,f\>e1 s-call$ f ! /raw & hay ^u :i* !y seat$ !mselves1 be>s witness to ! ardor ( ^! /ud5ts ( ! d>k ages1 less anxi\s = _! ease ?an to obta9 k4 ,!y rew>d$ _! own ma/]s1 & valu$ no exp5se to obta9 ^? mo/ r5[n$2 !y s5t to all p>ts ( ,europe = !m1 & gave !m a position (t5 t5 times m valuable ?an t ( ! pr(essors ( our "t4 ,footnote #bfd ,footnote #bfc3 ,john ( ,salisbury1 ,dante1 ,brunetto ,lat9i1 etc4 ,footnote #bfd3 ,le ,play1 ,r=me sociale1 7#dg17 & ,mateucci1 ,les ,univ]sites d',italie1 7,revue des ,c\rs sci5tifiques1 #ahfg47 ,x 0 difficult = _m to contribute _! %>e 9 all ?is exp5se1 9 addition to ! co/ ( liv+ 9 a l>ge city2 b 9 ! hope ( acquir+ ! k1 ! poor] subject$ !mselves to ! mo/ pa9ful sacrifices4 ,! romance ( ,gil ,blas depicts ! "y m5 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,salamanca z valets & /ud5ts4 ,:at exi/$ 9 ,spa9 9 ! eighte5? c5tury 0 ! condition ( _m /ud5ts ( ! middle ages4 ,yes1 !y r$uc$ !mselves to s]vitude to obta9 degrees1 & made !mselves valets to ga9 _! daily bread--a noble s]vitude = :i* !y did n blu%1 :i* put ! body 9 subjection1 & left ! m9d free1 %[+ ! sup]iority ( m9d ov] matt]2 x 0 a volunt>y humiliation1 :i*1 = a "t1 put ! indig5t s*ol> b5ea? ! ri*1 b aid$ him to atta9 9 ! _w ! place due to intellig5ce & k1 to rise to ! level ( ! mo/ p[]ful1 & (t5 to ! mo/ em95t dignities ( ! *ur* & /ate--to ! c\ncils ( k+s & ! purple ( c>d9als4 #fag ,& :at ard5t s*ol>s6 ,x 0 ! age ( ! s*oolm54 ,s*ola/ic le>n+1 aft]w>d s disda9$ by =getfulness or ignorance1 0 ! animat$1 liv+1 & natural =m :i* gave expression to ! passionate love ( ^? "y m5 = /udy4 ,^? desc5dants ( ! ,franks ru%$ =w>d ) ! same eag]ness z to battle to %>e 9 ! close reason+1 ! logic t cont5d$ s fi]cely1 t made e ef=t & climb$ too? & nail to obta9 a position /rongly conte/$4 ,:at valiant armies6 :at soldi]s 9 ^! t\rnam5ts t are l combats6 ,footnote #bfe ,b :at capta9s also6 :at lead]s6 :at ma/]s6 ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as1 ,/4 ,bonav5tura1 ,alb]tus ,magnus--at once !ologians1 philosoph]s1 morali/s1 politicians1 writ]s on political economy1 & savants6 ,:at a trio 9 "o c5tury & at ! same p]iod6 ,footnote #bfe3 ,bonald4 ,b d y "k :at took place 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury at ! c\rse ( ,alb]tus ,magnus8 ,n hundr$s b ?\s&s ( pupils ha/5$ to 8 lessons4 ,footnote #bff ,footnote #bff3 ,x 0 ! same ?r\gh\t ! middle ages4 ,at ,bologna !re 71 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 t5 ?\s& pupils at ! law s*ool2 9 ! elev5? c5tury1 !y came f e l& to att5d ! in/ructions ( ,abel>d2 he c\nt$ sev]al ?\s& auditors1 & among !m tw5ty c>d9als & fifty bi%ops4 ,we c\ld multiply ^! examples indef9itely4 ,x 0 n ardor t animat$ !m1 b en?usiasm2 an ap>tm5t 0 n requir$ to conta9 !m1 b a squ>e6 ,no enclosure w\ld h suffic$ = su* a multitude4 ,a great commotion =c$ ! ma/] to leave 8 *air--a commotion su* z is r>ely se5 9 our days1 9 :i* ! cr[d cri$ to _! tea*]1 ,away f "h6 ,exi6 ,=as6--a respectful upris+ 9 :i* ! ma/] is pr\d to obey2 he desc5ds f 8 *air into ! mid/ ( ! cr[d1 :i* is ro>+ l ! sea1 & is borne away by a ?\s& arms to a l>ge squ>e1 :]e1 on an elevation ( /one1 he c ov]look ! c\ntless human heads :i* ext5d back to ! h\ses & fill up ! op5+s ( ! /reets1 b :i* are n[ motionless1 att5tive1 & mute be=e ! s\nd ( a s+le voice t en*a9s !m4 ,o b>b>\s g5]ation6 ,o age ( d>kness 9 :i* a ma/] requir$ ! op5 air ( heav5 & ! pav$ squ>e = a classroom6 ,comp>e ! lit]>y dilettantism ( a few hundr$ "y m5 enclos$ )9 ! walls ( an amphi!atre ( a hundr$ feet1 ) ! ard5t ?ir/ ( ?is cr[d1 :i* requir$ n a j>1 b a :ole riv]1 to satisfy its ?ir/ = k1 & :i* has left a pro( ( its eag] desire 9 ! capital & 9 ! language1 ! "n ( ! squ>e into :i* s _m /ud5ts cr[d$ to he> _! ma/]--! ,place ,maub]t1 ,magni ,alb]ti--! ,squ>e ( ! great ,alb]t6 ,we see h[ errone\s is ! op9ion t attributes to ! epo* betwe5 ! middle ( ! fifte5? & ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5turies ! revival ( lett]s & ! arts4 ,lett]s 7 n reviv$2 !y /ill exi/$ & enlight5$ ! _w4 ,! great agitation ( ! ,re=mation is (t5 repres5t$ z hav+ contribut$ to lit]>y & sci5tific developm5t1 says ,m4 ,a4 ,maury1 a writ] n suspect$ ( p>tiality to ! middle ages4 ,?is is n absolutely true4 #fah ,! conte/s to :i* x gave rise ret>d$ = a "t ! diffusion ( k2 _m mona/]ies1 libr>ies1 & s*ools 7 suppress$1 :i* _h be51 up to t "t1 ! great s\rces ( light4 ,*ri/ian hi/orians 7 ! fir/ to become suspici\s ( error & to po9t x out4 ,hurt]1 ! great ,g]man hi/orian1 says3 ,only sup]ficial m9ds t disda9 ! /udy ( docum5ts & are bl9d$ by ! pret5d$ sup]iority ( our epo*1 or by sy/ematic hatr$1 d>e accuse ! *ur* ( hav+ favor$ ignorance4 ,footnote #bfg ,all truly le>n$ m5 soon became ( ! same m9d4 ,"o ( !m1 :o has made ! middle ages 8 /udy = tw5ty ye>s1 _c re/ra9 8 indignation3 ,our hi/orians1 ev5 ^? :o are consid]$ ! be/1 dwell+ on ! grosse/ conjectures & influ5c$ by obsolete prejudices1 )\t ?9k+ ( v]ify+1 /ill less ( rectify+1 old ass]tions1 h summ$ up ! :ole hi/ory ( ! fir/ "p ( ! middle ages 9 ^! two words1 ignorance & sup]/ition2 b x is to !mselves1 he adds sev]ely1 & n to ! ages !y h misund]/ood & calumniat$1 t ^! two words %\ld be appli$4 ,footnote #bfh ,! idea ( progress is n a pagan idea1 says ,ozanam4 ,footnote #bfi ,footnote #bfg3 ,hi/ory ( ,innoc5t ,,iii41 book xxi4 ,footnote #bfh3 ,d>emb]g1 ,c\rs ( #ahfg2 & to ! support ( 8 op9ions he br+s ,guizot1 ,dom ,pitra1 ,ozanam1 ,he]51 etc4 ,footnote #bfi3 ,hi/oire de la ,civilisation an c9quime sicle1 *ap4 iv4 ,! doctr9e ( progress is z old z ! gospel2 & ! au?or ( ,les ,etudes sur les ,b>b>es et le ,moy5 ,age confirms ?is3 ,! p ( ! middle ages felt ! necessity ( k2 !y /udi$ & labor$ consci5ti\sly & en]getically1 & m>k$ ea* age by important developm5ts4 ,! m c>efully we exam9e ^? ages1 ! bett] %all we und]/& ! ext5t ( k 9 ! *ur*4 ,! mo/ em95t m5 ( ^? times--:o does n "k !m8--are bi%ops1 monks1 & popes3 ,g]b]t1 ,/4 ,b]n>d1 ,innoc5t ,,iii41 & ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as1 :o c only be comp>$ to ,ari/otle2 ! mo/ orig9al writ]s--:o does n =get x8--are prie/s3 ,froiss>t1 ,petr>*1 & lat]1 ,cald]on1 ,lope de ,vega1 & ,tirso de ,mol9a2 ! greate/ poet ( ! middle ages1 ,dante1 0 he n a !ologian8 ,cimabue1 :o reviv$ ! art ( pa9t+1 0 he n re>$ among ! ,dom9icans ( ,flor5ce8 ,0 n ! fir/ press 9 ,p>is set up at ! ,sorbonne8 ,! be/ in=m$ class ( m5 7 s inconte/ably ! cl]gy t ! names ( prie/ & savant 7 conf\nd$4 ,! ^w cl]gie 9 ! middle ages signifi$ le>n$4 ,footnote #bgj ,! *ur* takes ! highe/ rank 9 ! _w ( sci5ce4 ,x does n acquire k = itself alone1 b to diffuse ev]y:]e1 t ! :ole e>? may be enlight5$4 ,l ! sun1 x is a great c5tre diffus+ ! light x d]ives f ,god--its et]nal s\rce6 ,footnote #bgj3 ,j4 de ,mai/re1 ,du ,pape1 ii4 #af4 ---------- #fai ,f ,! ,fr5* ,( ,erckmann ,& ,*atrian4 ,! ,invasion2 ,or1 ,yeg( ,! ,fool4 ,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,at ! end ( a d>k passage ?r\gh ! h\se 0 ! f>my>d1 to :i* five or six well-worn /eps desc5d$4 ,to ! left 7 ! b>n & ! press2 & to ! "r1 ! /ables & ! dove-cote1 ! d>k %ape ( ! la/ /&+ %>ply outl9$ aga9/ ! gray1 mi/y sky4 ,opposite ! door 0 ! wa%-h\se4 ,n a s\nd 0 he>d4 ,hull91 aft] ! wild & /ormy day1 0 impress$ ) ! deep sil5ce4 ,he gaz$ at ! tufts ( /raw hang+ betwe5 ! raft]s ( ! b>n1 ! h>r[s1 ! pl\ghs1 ! c>ts1 half hidd5 9 ! gloom ( ! %$s1 ) an indef9able feel+ ( calmness & satisfaction4 ,f[l 7 roo/+ along ! wall1 & a cat fl$ by l a fla%1 & disappe>$ 9 ! cell>4 ,hull9 seem$ wak+ f a dream4 ,aft] a few mom5ts ( sil5t rev]ie1 he turn$ sl[ly t[>d ! wa%-h\se1 ! ?ree w9d[s ( :i* %one ?r\gh ! d>kness4 ,! kit*5 ( ! f>m-h\se 0 n l>ge en\gh to prep>e food = ?ree or f\r hundr$ m51 & ! "w _h be5 c>ri$ ?i!r4 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude he>d ! *ildi% voice ( ,l\ise giv+ ord]s 9 a tone s resolute t x a/oni%$ him4 ,come1 come1 ,katel1 hurry4 ,x is ne>ly "t = supp]1 & ! poor fell[s mu/ be hungry4 ,j to ?9k--fight+ s9ce sev5 ?is morn+1 & n eat+ a morsel6 ,"h1 ,lessele1 move y\rself4 ,salt6 pepp]6 ,jean-,claude's he>t beat at t voice4 ,he c\ld n avoid pe]+ ?r\gh ! glass be=e ent]+4 ,! kit*5 0 l>ge b l[1 & ) :ite-wa%$ walls4 ,a huge fire ( bee*-logs crackl$ & blaz$ ^u ! he>?1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* appe>$ ! black sides ( an imm5se pot4 ,! *imney1 high & n>r[1 0 sc>cely l>ge en\gh to c>ry (f ! bill[s ( smoke t arose4 ,ne> ! fire 0 ! graceful figure ( ,l\ise1 lit up by ! brighte/ t9ts t fla%$ f ! he>?1 bu/l+1 active1 com+1 go+1 ta/+ sauces1 try+ ! meat1 approv+1 & criticis+4 ,! two daught]s ( ! ,anabapti/1 "o tall1 dri$ up1 & pale1 ) l>ge1 flat feet1 cas$ 9 great %oes1 hair b\nd ) black ribbons into a little knot1 & a long g[n ( blue /uff hang+ d[n to h] heels2 ! o!r1 *ubby1 & waddl+ along mu* l a goose1 =m$ a /range contra/ ) h]4 ,! good ,anabapti/ himself1 seat$ at ! end ( ! room ^u a wood5 *air1 ) feet cross$1 cotton cap pull$ well d[n ^u 8 head1 & h&s plung$ into ! dep?s ( ! pockets ( 8 bl\se1 gaz$ on all t pass$ ) an air ( wond]m5t1 & f "t to "t ejaculat$ s5t5ti\sly3 ,lessele1 ,katel1 d z y are told1 my *ildr54 ,let ?is be = y\r in/ruction2 y h yet se5 no?+ ( ! _w4 ,walk quick]4 #fbj ,yes1 yes1 y mu/ move1 add$ ,l\ise4 ,:at w\ld become ( u if we m$itat$ days & weeks ab\t putt+ a little season+ 9 a sauce8 ,y1 ,lessele1 are ! talle/2 unhook t bundle ( onions f ! ceil+4 ,& ! tall girl obey$4 ,hull9 0 pr\d & happy z a pr9ce4 ,h[ %e makes !m m9d6 he *uckl$4 ,:at a little dragoon %e is6 a v puss-9-boots6 ,ha1 ha1 ha6 ,& he wait$ full five m9utes be=e ent]+4 ,l\ise flung d[n ! spoon %e held1 & ru%$ to him1 cry+3 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude6 papa ,jean-,claude6 ,y are n hurt8 y are n w\nd$8 ,poor ,hull9 c\ld n speak = a mom5t4 ,he fold$ h] t5d]ly 9 8 arms1 & at l5g? repli$1 9 a voice ^: tremor he c\ld n repress3 ,no1 ,l\ise1 no2 ,i am well & happy4 ,sit d[n1 ,jean-,claude1 said ! ,anabapti/1 see+ h[ 8 emotion affect$ him4 ,"h1 take my *air4 ,hull9 seat$ himself1 & ,l\ise1 plac+ h] h&s ^u 8 %\ld]s1 bur/ into te>s4 ,:at is ! matt]1 my *ild8 ask$ ! old man 9 wond]4 ,a mom5t ago y 7 brave en\gh4 ,yes1 ,i made believe1 b ,i 0 v fright5$4 ,i ?\ght--,i ?\ght1 ',:y does he n come8' ,!n a sudd5 :im seem$ to ent] h] little head2 %e seiz$ h] fa!r's h&1 & cri$1 laugh+ ?r\gh h] te>s3 ,let u dance1 papa ,jean-,claude6 ,come1 dance6 ,& %e pull$ him ar\nd ! room4 ,hull91 smil+ 9 spite ( himself1 turn$ to ! ,anabapti/1 :o saw all t pass$ )\t a *ange 9 8 grave visage1 & said3 ,we are some:at fooli%1 ,l\ise & ,i2 b don't let t a/oni% y1 ,pelsly4 ,x does n1 ,ma/] ,hull94 ,did n ,k+ ,david dance :5 he _h smitt5 ! ,phili/9es hip & ?igh8 ,jean-,claude1 r a/\nd$ at 8 resemblance to ,k+ ,david1 made no reply4 ,well1 ,l\ise1 said he1 y 7 fright5$ dur+ ! battle1 7 y8 ,yes1 at fir/2 ! cannon-%ots & ! d9 7 fe>ful6 ,b aft]w>d ,i only ?\ght ( y & "m ,lefevre4 ,!n %e took him by ! h&1 &1 lead+ him to a regim5t ( pots1 kettles1 & pans1 rang$ ar\nd ! fire1 enum]at$ h] =ces ) ! air ( a conqu]or3 ,"h is ! beef2 "h is ,g5]al ,jean-,claude's supp]2 & "h is bro? = ! w\nd$4 ,b t is n all4 ,"h is our bread1 %e add$1 %[+ him a long pile ( loaves on ! table1 & %e 0 dragg+ him to ! ov51 :5 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre ent]$4 ,x is "t to set ! table1 cri$ ! old woman4 ,ev]ybody is wait+4 ,come1 ,katel1 spread ! clo?4 ,! /\t girl dep>t$1 runn+2 all foll[$ to ! great hall1 :]e ,doctors ,lorqu9 & ,despois1 ,m>c-,dives1 & ,mat]ne & 8 two sons1 impati5tly await$ ! meal4 ,h[ are ! w\nd$1 doctor8 cri$ ,hull94 ,re/ easy1 ,ma/] ,jean-,claude2 all are c>$ =4 ,y h giv5 u a h>d day's "w2 b ! wea!r is favorable1 & fev] or mortification ne$ n be fe>$4 ,ev]y?+ looks well4 #fba ,katel1 ,lessele1 & ,l\ise soon ent]$1 be>+ an enorm\s s\p-di%1 & two magnific5t r\nds ( beef1 :i* !y plac$ ^u ! table4 ,%>p appetites left scant room = c]emony1 & soon ! rattl+ ( knives & op5+ ( bottles alone 7 he>d4 ,)\t1 ! broad flames f ! biv\ac-fires fla%$ on ! w9d[-panes1 & %[$ ! m\nta9e]s do+ full ju/ice to ,l\ise's *e]4 ,at n9e o'clock ,m>c-,dives />t$ = ,falk5/e9 ) 8 prison]s4 ,at t51 all 9 ! h\se1 or ar\nd ! fires1 7 sleep+1 & no s\nd broke ! /illness save ! passage ( ! r\nds & ! *all5ge ( ! s5tries4 ,s end$ ! fir/ day 9 :i* ! m\nta9e]s prov$ t ! _s ( _! fa!rs _h n deg5]at$ 9 !m4 ,b o!r & n less /]n trials 7 soon to foll[ ^? already pa/2 = ?r\gh\t man's life "o ob/acle is ov]come only to make way = ano!r4 ,! _w is l a /ormy sea3 wave foll[s wave1 f age to age1 9 a fl[ t et]nity alone may /ay4 ,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,dur+ ! entire battle1 until nightfall1 ! p ( ,gr&fonta9e saw ! fool1 ,yeg(1 /&+ on ! summit ( ,little ,donon1 8 cr[n ^u 8 head1 8 sceptre wav+ 9 8 h&4 ,!re he /ood1 l a ,m]ov+ian k+1 issu+ 8 ord]s to 8 imag9>y armies4 ,:at feel+s %ook him z he saw ! ,g]mans beat5 back1 r\t$1 no man may say4 ,at ! la/ e*o ( ! cannon he disappe>$4 ,:i!r _h he gone8 ,?is is :at ! p ( ,tief5ba* say3 ,at ! "t ( :i* ,i speak1 two /range be+s--si/]s--liv$ on ! ,bocksb]g4 ,"o 0 call$ ,little ,katel9e2 ! o!r ,tall ,b]bel4 ,^! two ragg$ creatures made _! home 9 ! cav]n ( ,luitpr&1 s nam$1 z old *ronicles av]1 f ! fact t ! ,k+ ( ! ,g]mani1 be=e desc5d+ into ,alsace1 buri$ b5ea? its imm5se vault ( r$ /one ! b>b>ian *iefs :o _h fall5 at ,blutfeld4 ,! hot spr+1 :i* always bubbles & /reams f ! middle ( ! cave1 secur$ ! si/]s f ! fi]ce cold ( m\nta9 w9t]s1 & ,daniel ,horn1 ( ,tief5ba*1 ! wood-cutt]1 _h ! *>ity to close ! ma9 entrance f )\t ) great heaps ( broom & bru%wood4 ,at ! side ( ! hot spr+ 0 ano!r spr+1 cold z ice & cle> z cry/al4 ,katel9e always drank at ?is spr+1 & 0 n m ?an f\r feet 9 height2 b :at %e lack$ 9 l5g? %e made up 9 rotund bread?2 & h] wond]+ look1 r\nd eyes1 & enorm\s ?roat1 gave h] ! appe>ance ( a m$itative matronly h54 ,e ,sunday %e bore an osi] basket to ! village ( ,tief5ba*1 & ! good p !re fill$ x ) cook$ potatoes1 loaves ( bread1 & sometimes1 on holidays1 ) cakes & o!r remnants ( _! fe/ivities4 ,!n ! poor creature w\ld make h] way back to ! cave1 brea?less1 laugh+1 *att]+1 rejoic+4 ,b ,tall ,b]bel 0 ev] c>eful n to dr9k at ! cold spr+4 ,%e 0 bony1 fle%less z a bat1 & _h lo/ an eye2 h] nose 0 flat1 h] e>s l>ge1 & h] s+le orb sp>kl$ l a coal2 %e liv$ ^u ! fruits ( h] si/]'s sallies4 ,%e nev] left ,bocksb]g4 ,b 9 ,july1 :5 ! heat 0 greate/1 /&+ ^u ! height1 %e %ook a )]$ ?i/le ov] ! gra9 ( ^? :o _h n regul>ly fill$ ,katel9e's basket2 & fe>ful tempe/s1 or hail1 or sw>ms ( rats or field-mice1 ru9$ ! budd+ h>ve/4 ,! spells ( ,b]bel 7 fe>$ l pe/il5ce2 %e 0 ev]y:]e kn[n z ! ,wett]hexe1 or /orm-wit*1 :ile little ,katel9e 0 e/eem$ ! good fairy ( ,tief5ba*4 ,9 ?is way ,b]bel liv$ 9 idl5ess1 & ,katel9e begg$ food = bo?4 #fbb ,un=tunately = ! two si/]s1 ,yeg( _h = "s ye>s previ\sly e/abli%$ 8 w9t] resid5ce 9 ! cav]n ( ,luitpr&4 ,!nce he dep>t$ 9 ! spr+1 to visit 8 numb]less ca/les & to c\nt 8 feudatories1 z f> z ,gei]/e9 9 ! ,hundsruck4 ,e ye>1 t[>d ! end ( ,novemb]1 aft] ! fir/ sn[s1 he arriv$ ) 8 rav5--an ev5t :i* ! /orm-wit* always bitt]ly bemoan$4 ,aga9 ?y pla9ts1 he 0 wont to say1 z he tranquilly in/all$ himself 9 ! mo/ com=table spot ! cave af=d$2 d y n bo? live ^u my doma9s8 ,i am v good to suff] two valkyrs ,footnote #bga useless 9 ! ,valhalla ( my fa!rs1 to rema9 "h4 ,footnote #bga3 ,maid5s ( ,od91 :om he s5ds to e battlefield to decide :o %all fall & :o %all be victori\s4 ,!y also wait ^u ! h]oes 9 ,valhalla4 ,!n w\ld ,b]bel1 ar\s$ to fury1 ov]:elm him ) reproa* & insult1 & ,katel9e look (f5d$2 b he1 c>eless ( ! /orm he rais$1 w\ld only light 8 old boxwood pipe1 & relate 8 f>-(f w&]+s among ! s\ls ( ! ,g]man w>riors1 :o1 = sixte5 c5turies1 lay buri$ 9 ! cav]n1 call+ !m by "n1 & speak+ to !m z to m5 yet liv+4 ,y may imag9e ) :at delight ,b]bel & ,katel9e look$ =w>d to ! com+ ( ! fool ) 8 dismal tales4 ,b ?is ye>1 ,yeg( _h n come1 & ! si/]s believ$ him dead1 & duly rejoic$ ov] ! prospect ( see+ him no m4 ,nev]!less1 ! ,wett]hexe _h obs]v$ ! agitation 9 ! valleys1 ! cr[ds ( m51 musket on %\ld]1 leav+ ,falk5/e9 & ,donon4 ,surely1 some?+ /range _h happ5$2 & ! sorc]ess1 call+ to m9d t ! prec$+ ye> ,yeg( _h relat$ to ! spirits ( 8 w>riors h[ 8 c\ntless armies w\ld soon invade ! l&1 felt a vague uneas9ess4 ,%e w\ld fa9 h le>n$ ! cause ( ! movem5t ar\nd h]2 b ,katel9e hav+ made h] t\r ! ,sunday be=e1 w\ld n aga9 budge f h] home = an empire1 & no "o ev] climb$ to ! cav]n4 ,9 ?is frame ( m9d ,b]bel came & w5t1 w&]$ re/lessly ab\t ! cave1 gr[+ h\rly m uneasy & irritable4 ,b dur+ ,saturday %e _h en\gh to ?9k on4 ,f n9e o'clock 9 ! morn+1 heavy & deep peals rang l ?und] ov] ! m\nta9 side1 & awoke ! ?\s& e*oes ( ! valleys2 f> away t[>d ,donon rapid fla%es cross$ :at sky appe>$ betwe5 ! peaks2 & z night approa*$1 yet l\d] s\nds roll$ ?r\gh e gorge1 & ! holl[ voices ( ,h5g/1 ( ,gantzle1 ,giromani & ,grossmann repli$4 ,:at c all ?is be8 ask$ ,b]bel ( h]self1 c ! day ( doom h come8 ,!n return+ to ! cav]n & f9d+ ,katel9e huddl$ 9 a corn] mun*+ a potato1 %e %ook h] rudely & hiss$3 ,idiot6 he>e/ ?\ no?+8 ,fe>e/ ?\ no?+8 ,c>e/ ?\ = no?+ b eat+ & dr9k+8 ,%e da%$ ! potato furi\sly to ! gr\nd1 & sat h]self trembl+ by ! hot spr+1 :i* s5t its grey vapors to ! ro(4 ,half an h\r lat]1 ! d>kness gr[+ deep]1 & ! cold int5se1 %e light$ a fire ( bru%wood1 :i* ?rew its pale fla%es ov] ! vault ( r$ /one1 & pi]c$ to ! end ( ! cav]n1 :]e ,katel9e slept ) h] feet buri$ 9 a heap ( /raw1 & h] *9 re/+ on h] knees4 #fbc ,)\t1 all noise _h ceas$4 ,! /orm-wit* pull$ aside ! bri>s at ! entrance1 & gaz$ d[n ! m\nta9 side2 !n %e return$ to h] po/ by ! fire1 h] ?9 lips set tightly toge!r1 & h] eyelids clos$2 %e drew an old wool5 cov]let ov] h] knees1 & seem$ to sleep4 ,no s\nd broke ! /illness b ! dripp+ ( ! cond5s$ /eam fall+ f ! vault back to its s\rce ) a melan*oly pla%4 ,s la/$ ! sil5ce = h\rs4 ,midnight 0 ne>+1 :5 sudd5ly ! s\nd ( foot/eps1 m+l$ ) discordant noises1 />t$ ,b]bel f h] slumb]4 ,%e li/5$1 & he>d ! cry ( a human voice4 ,%e arose trembl+1 &1 arm$ ) a huge ?orn bran*1 glid$ to ! op5+2 !re1 pu%+ aside ! bri>s1 %e saw 9 ! moonlight ! fool ,yeg( advanc+ alone1 b wri?+ z if 9 agony1 & beat+ ! air ) 8 sceptre1 z if ?\s&s ( invisible be+s surr\nd$ him4 ,to ! rescue1 ,r\g1 ,bld1 ,adelrick6 he %\t$ 9 tones t pi]c$ ! cold air l ! clangor ( an iron bell1 8 matt$ be>d & hair wav+ ! :ile1 & 8 dog-sk9 cloak fold$ l a buckl] ar\nd 8 left arm2 to ! rescue6 ,foll[ me to ! dea?6 ,see y n :o are com+1 cleav+ ! skies l eagles8 ,on1 m5 ( ! r$ be>ds6 ,cru% ?is race ( dogs6 ,ah6 ,m9an1 ,ro*>t1 are ye "h8 ,& !n he call$ ) savage %\ts1 ^u all ! dead ( ,donon1 defy+ !m z if !y 7 really !re2 !n he recoil$ /ep by /ep1 /ill /rik+ ! air1 hurl+ curses1 urg+ unse5 armies to ! fight1 & /ruggl+ z if surr\nd$ by foes4 ,a cold sweat p\r$ f ,b]bel's br[1 %e felt h] hair rise ^u h] head1 & %e w\ld h fl$2 b at ! mom5t a /range murmur+ arose )9 ! cave1 &1 to h] horror1 %e saw ! hot spr+ boil+ fi]cely1 & masses ( vapor ris+ f x & advanc+ to ! entrance ( ! cave4 ,l phantoms ! ?ick cl\ds came sl[ly on1 & sudd5ly ,yeg( appe>$1 cry+ 9 a husky voice1 ,at la/ ye h he>d me6 ye are come6 ,) a b\nd he d>t$ to ! op5+4 ,! icy air fill$ ! vault1 & ! vapors p\r+ =?1 twi/$ & wrea!d b5ea? ! va/ vault ( heav51 z if ! dead ( to-day & ^? ( long gone c5turies _h begun a nev]-end+ conflict4 ,! pale moonbeams %$ a weird light ov] ,yeg('s face & =m1 z he /ood ) fla%+ eyes & sceptre out/ret*$1 & be>d fall+ ov] 8 brea/1 salut+ ea* phantom & call+ x by "n4 ,all hail1 ,bld6 ,hail to !e1 ,r\g6 & to ye all1 brave w>riors6 ,! h\r :i* = c5turies y h await$ is at h&2 ! eagles are :ett+ _! beaks2 ! e>? ?ir/s = blood6 ,rememb] ,blutfeld6 ,b]bel's s5ses _h almo/ left h]2 fe> alone kept h] /&+2 b soon ! la/ cl\ds escap$ f ! cav]n & melt$ 9 ! limitless blue4 ,yeg( ent]$ ! vault & sat ^u ! gr\nd ne> ! hot spr+1 8 head re/+ ^u 8 h&s1 & 8 elb[s on 8 knees1 gaz+ ) hagg>d eyes on ! bubbl+ wat]s4 ,katel9e awoke sobb+1 & ! /orm-wit*1 m dead ?an alive1 obs]v$ ! fool f ! d>ke/ nook ( ! cave4 #fbd ,!y h all aris5 f _! graves1 cri$ he sudd5ly2 all6 all6 n "o rema9s beh9d4 ,!y w give life to ! he>ts ( my "y w>riors1 & tea* !m to despise dea?6 ,he rais$ 8 face4 ,a cru%+ sorr[ seem$ settl$ !re4 ,o woman6 he said1 fix+ 8 eyes ^u ! ,wett]hexe ) a wolfi% gl>e1 ,o ?\ desc5dant ( ! ,valkyrs1 b :o at ! fe/al bo>d ha/ nev] fill$ ! deep cups ( ! w>riors ) mead1 nor plac$ be=e !m ! smok+ fle% ( ! bo> ,s]im>1 :at can/ ?\ d8 ,can/ sp9 w9d+-%eets8 ,to ?y task !n6 ,sp9 night & day1 = ?\s&s ( bold w>riors are /ret*$ ^u ! sn[4 ,!y f\ght valiantly4 ,!y did _! "w well1 b ! h\r _h n yet come4 ,n[ ! rav5s fe$ ^u _! fle%6 ,!n 9 ungov]nable fury1 seiz+ 8 cr[n ) bo? h&s1 & te>+ x f 8 head1 al?\gh ) x came away h&fuls ( hair1 he %\t$3 ,accurs$ tribe6 ,w ye ev] b> our way6 ,b = ye we _h long s9ce conqu]$ ,europe2 ay1 we ( ! r$ be>ds _h be5 ma/]s ( ! _w4 ,& ,i humbl$ myself be=e ?is race ( dogs6 ,i ask$ 8 daught] ( "o ( !m1 in/ead ( be>+ h] (f z ! wolf does ! lamb6 ,ah ,huldrix6 ,huldrix6 ,li/51 ,valkyr1 he sudd5ly add$ 9 a l[ tone1 li/56 ,he rais$ 8 f+] solemnly4 ,! ,wett]hexe li/5$2 a bla/ arose )\t1 & %ook ! old fro/-lad5 =e/4 ,h[ (t5 _h ! sorc]ess he>d t s\nd be=e1 dur+ ! long w9t] nights1 )\t giv+ x a ?\ght4 ,n[1 %e 0 afraid4 ,& :ile %e /ood trembl+1 a ho>se cry smote h] e>1 & ! rav5 ,hans1 sweep+ b5ea? ! rock1 flew 9 circles r\nd & r\nd ! cav]n1 flapp+ 8 w+s z if 9 t]ror1 & croak+ m\rnfully4 ,yeg( became pale z dea?4 ,vod6 ,vod6 he cri$ 9 despair+ tones1 :at has ?y son ,luitpr& done to !e8 ,:y *oose him r ?an ano!r8 ,& = "s seconds he seem$ to h swoon$2 b soon1 z if c>ri$ away by a savage en?usiasm1 br&i%+ 8 sceptre1 he d>t$ f ! cav]n4 ,wett]hexe1 /&+ 9 ! op5+1 foll[$ him ) an anxi\s eye4 ,he /rode /raight onw>d1 ) out/ret*$ neck1 l a wild bea/ ru%+ at its prey4 ,hans flew be=e1 & !y disappe>$ 9 ! gorge ( ,blutfeld4 ,*apt] ,,xix4 ,t[>d two o'clock t night ! sn[ began to fall1 & at daybreak x re/$ in*es deep ^u ! m5 at ! biv\acs4 ,! ,g]mans _h left ,gr&fonta9e1 ,framont1 & ev5 ,s*irmeck1 & black spots f> away on ! pla9s ( ,alsace %[$ :]e _! battalions 7 9 full retreat4 ,hull91 r\s$ at e>ly dawn1 inspect$ ! biv\acs2 he /opp$ = a few m9utes to gaze at ! plateau--! sc5e ( ,dives's *>ge at ! cannon po9t$ d[n ! m\nta9 side1 ! p>tisans /ret*$ ar\nd ! fires1 & ! pac+ s5tries2 !n satisfi$ t all 0 well1 he return$ to ! f>m-h\se :]e ,ca!r9e & ,l\ise 7 yet sleep+4 ,! gray morn+ 0 ent]+ at ! w9d[s4 ,a few w\nd$1 :om ! fires ( fev] _h already seiz$1 %riek$ l\dly = _! wives & *ildr54 ,!n ! hum ( _m voices arose1 & at la/ ,ca!r9e & ,l\ise appe>$1 & saw ,jean-,claude seat$ 9 a corn] ( a w9d[2 a%am$ to be ?\ght m devot$ to slumb] ?an he1 !y ha/5$ to bid him good morn+4 #fbe ,well6 said ,ca!r9e inquir+ly4 ,!y are gone1 & we are ma/]s ( ! road4 ,?is assurance did n seem suffici5t = ! old woman4 ,%e gaz$ ?r\gh ! w9d[s1 & saw ! ,au/rians f> (f 9 ,alsace4 ,/ill h] face bore ! impress ( an indef9able uneas9ess4 ,betwe5 eight & n9e o'clock1 ,fa!r ,saumaize1 ! prie/ ( ! village ( ,*>mes1 arriv$4 ,a few m\nta9e]s !n desc5d$ to ! foot ( ! slope1 & collect$ ! dead :o lay !re s ?ick4 ,!n a long tr5* 0 dug1 to ! "r ( ! f>m-h\se1 9 :i* p>tisans & ,kais]liks1 9 _! bl\ses1 _! sl\*$ hats1 _! %akos1 & _! uni=ms1 7 rang$ side by side4 ,! good prie/1 a tall old man1 ) locks :ite z sn[1 read ! anci5t pray]s = ! dead 9 t rapid & my/]i\s voice :i* pi]ces ! v dep?s ( ! s\l1 & seems to summon long-pa/ g5]ations to greet ! new-com]s to _! realms--:i* calls s vividly to ! he>ts ( ! liv+ ?\ghts ( ! d>kness & t]rors ( ! grave1 & ( ! light & m]cy beyond4 ,all day wagons & sl$s kept c>ry+ ! w\nd$ to _! villages2 = ,doctor ,lorqu91 fe>+ to increase _! excitem5t1 0 =c$ to yield to _! cries & pray]s t !y might aga9 see _! homes4 ,t[>d ev5+ ,ca!r9e & ,hull9 f\nd !mselves alone 9 ! great hall2 ,l\ise _h gone to prep>e supp]4 ,great flakes ( sn[ /ill cont9u$ to fall )\t1 & f "t to "t a sl$ dep>t$ sil5tly be>+ its w\nd$ own] buri$ 9 /raw1 sometimes a man1 sometimes a woman1 lead+ a horse by ! bridle4 ,ca!r9e1 seat$ at ! table1 fold$ b&ages ) an abs5t air4 ,:at ails y1 ,"m ,lefevre8 ask$ ,jean-,claude4 ,ev] s9ce morn+ y h be5 sad & ?\ghtful4 ,is ?is y\r rejoic+ ov] victory8 ,! old woman look$ up1 & sl[ly pu%+ ! l95 f h]1 repli$3 ,true1 ,jean-,claude2 ,i am anxi\s4 ,anxi\s8 ,ab\t :at8 ,! enemy is 9 full retreat1 & ,frantz ,mat]ne1 :om ,i s5t to wat* !m1 & all ,pivrette's & ,j]ome's & ,lab>be's c\ri]s report t !y are return+ to ,mutzig4 ,old ,mat]ne & ,kasp]1 aft] hav+ buri$ ! dead1 le>n$ at ,gr&fonta9e t n a :ite coat is to be se5 t[>d ,sa9t ,blaize-la-,ro*e4 ,all ?is proves t our dragoons ( ! ,spani% w>s gave !m a w>m reception on ! ,s5ones road1 & !y fe> to be turn$ by way ( ,s*irmeck4 ,i see no reason = uneas9ess1 ,ca!r9e4 ,& ,hull9 gaz$ at h] ) a look ( inquiry4 ,y w laugh at me aga91 ,jean-,claude1 said %e2 ,i h _h a dream4 ,a dream6 ,yes2 ! same t ,i dream$ at ,bois-de-,*nes4 ,h] voice grew l\d]1 &1 be=e ,hull9 c\ld int]rupt1 %e cont9u$ half angrily3 #fbf ,say :at y w1 ,jean-,claude1 a great p]il hangs ov] u4 ,yes1 yes1 all ?is seems s5seless1 & is only a dream1 b x 0 n a dream2 x 0 :at _h pass$ & :at ,i saw aga9 & recogniz$ 9 my sleep4 ,li/56 ,we 7 z we 7 to-day--aft] a great victory--:]e ,i "k n--9 a sort ( huge wood5 hut1 cross$ by /rong beams & def5d$ by palisades4 ,we 7 secure & c>eless4 ,all :om ,i saw ar\nd me ,i knew4 ,!re 7 y1 ,m>c ,dives1 ,old ,du*ne1 & _m o!rs--old m5 long s9ce dead--my fa!r & old ,hugo ,ro*>t ( ,h>b]g1 ! uncle ( him :o has j di$1 all 9 gray bl\ses1 & ) long be>ds & b>e necks4 ,we 7 rejoic+ & dr9k+ f great vessels ( r$ e>?1 :5 a cry arose1 ',! enemy are return+6' ,& ,yeg( on horseback1 8 be>d /ream+ 9 ! w9d1 8 cr[n surr\nd$ ) spikes1 an axe 9 8 h&1 & 8 eyes glitt]+ l a wolfs1 appe>$ be=e me4 ,i ru%$ at him ) a /ake2 he await$ me1 & ,i saw no m4 ,b ,i felt a %>p pa9 at my ?roat2 a cold bla/ /ruck my face1 & x seem$ z if my head 7 sw++ at ! end ( a cord4 ,yeg( _h hung x to 8 saddle & 0 gallop+ away4 ,! old woman end$ h] /ory 9 su* a tone ( belief t brave ,jean-,claude %udd]$4 ,!re 7 a few mom5ts ( sil5ce2 !n ,hull91 r\s+ himself1 repli$3 ,x 0 b a dream4 ,i1 too1 (t5 h horrible ones4 ,x 0 ! noise1 ! %rieks1 ! t]ror ( ye/]day torm5t+ y1 ,ca!r9e4 ,no6 %e answ]$ firmly1 z %e resum$ h] "w2 x 0 n t4 ,9 good tru?1 dur+ ! :ole ( ! battle--ev5 :5 ! cannon ?und]$ ^u u--,i fe>$ no?+2 ,i 0 sure we w\ld be victori\s1 = t too ,i _h se54 ,b n[ ,i fe>6 ,b ! ,au/rians h evacuat$ ,s*irmeck2 all ! l9e ( ! ,vosges is def5d$2 we h m m5 ?an we ne$1 & /ill m are arriv+ e mom5t4 ,no matt]6 ,hull9 %rugg$ 8 %\ld]s4 ,come1 come1 ,ca!r9e6 ,y are fev]i%4 ,try to calm y\rself & dispel su* gloomy ?\ghts4 ,i laugh at all ^! dreams z ,i w\ld at ! ,gr& ,turk ) 8 pipe & blue /ock+s4 ,we h m51 munitions1 & def5ces1 & ^! are bett] ?an ! rosie/-color$ dreams4 ,y mock me1 ,jean-,claude4 ,no2 b to he> a woman ( s\nd s5se1 ( c\rage & det]m9ation1 talk z y d1 makes "o inde$ ?9k ( ,yeg(1 :o boa/s t he has be5 liv+ sixte5 hundr$ ye>s4 ,:o kn[s8 said ! old woman ob/9ately4 ,he may rememb] :at o!rs h =gott54 ,hull9 proce$$ to relate 8 conv]sation ( ! day be=e ) ,yeg(1 at ! biv\ac1 ?9k+ ?us to disp]se h] gloom2 b see+ t %e 0 incl9$ to agree ) ! fool on ! score ( ! sixte5 c5turies1 ! good man at l5g? ceas$1 & pac$ ! room ) b[$ head & anxi\s br[4 ,%e is becom+ mad1 he ?\ght2 ano!r %ock1 & h] m9d is gone4 ,ca!r9e1 aft] a sil5ce1 seem$ ab\t aga9 to speak1 :5 ,l\ise tripp$ into ! room1 cry+3 ,mamma ,lefevre1 ,mamma ,lefevre1 a lett] f ,gasp>d6 ,!n ! old woman1 ^: lips _h be5 press$ tight toge!r 9 h] indignation at ,hull9's ridicule1 lift$ h] head1 & ! %>p l9es ( h] face s(t5$4 ,%e took ! lett] & gaz+ at ! r$ seal1 said to ! "y girl3 ,kiss me1 ,l\ise2 x be>s good tid+s4 #fbg ,hull9 drew ne>1 glad t some?+ _h happ5$ to di/ract ,ca!r9e's ?\ghts1 & ,bra9/e91 ! po/man1 8 heavy %oes cov]$ ) sn[ & 8 h&s re/+ ^u 8 /aff1 /ood ) a we>y & c>eworn air at ! door4 ,ca!r9e put on h] spectacles1 op5$ ! lett] sl[ly1 not)/&+ ! impati5t glances ( ,jean-,claude & ,l\ise1 & read al\d3 ,?is1 my de> "m1 is to in=m y t all goes well1 & ,i arriv$ ,tuesday ev5+ at ,phalsb\rg1 j z !y 7 clos+ ! gates4 ,! ,cossacks 7 already on ! ,sav]ne side1 & skirmi%+ 0 kept up all night ) _! advance4 ,! next day a flag ( truce summon$ u to surr5d] ! place4 ,! comm&ant ,meuni] told ! be>] to g & hang himself1 &1 ?ree days aft]1 a /orm ( %ell & cani/] began to hail ^u ! city4 ,! ,russians h ?ree batt]ies2 b ! hot %ot d ! mo/ h>m4 ,!y set fire to ! h\ses & :5 ! flames appe>1 %[]s ( cani/] prev5t our putt+ !m out4 ,! wom5 & *ildr5 keep )9 ! blockh\se2 ! citiz5s fight ) u on ! ramp>ts4 ,!y are brave m51 & among !m are "s vet]ans ( ! ,sambre-&-,meuse1 ( ,italy & ,egypt1 :o h n =gott5 h[ to "w ! guns4 ,x makes me sad to see _! grey m\/a*es fall+ on ! cannon z !y aim4 ,i w answ] = x1 !y wa/e no p[d]2 b x is h>d to see m51 :o h made ! _w tremble1 =c$ 9 _! old age to def5d _! own homes & he>?s4 ,h>d inde$1 said ,ca!r9e1 dry+ h] eyes4 ,x makes my he>t ble$ to ?9k ( x4 ,%e cont9u$3 ,! day be=e ye/]day ! gov]nor decid$ to attack ! tile-kiln4 ,y mu/ "k t ^! ,russians break ! ice to ba! 9 platoons ( tw5ty or ?irty1 & aft]w>d dry !mselves !re at ! fire4 ,ab\t f\r 9 ! aft]noon1 z ev5+ 0 com+ on1 we made a sally ?r\gh ! ars5al po/]n1 pass+ ?r\gh ! cov]$ ways & fil+ along ! pa? lead+ to ! kiln4 ,t5 m9utes aft]1 we began a roll+ fire on x1 & ! ,russians _h sc>cely "t to seize _! muskets & c>tridge-boxes1 &1 half-dress$1 to =m ranks ^u ! sn[4 ,nev]!less1 !y 7 t5 times m num]\s ?an we1 & began a movem5t to ! "r1 on ! little *apel ( ,sa9t ,john1 s z to surr\nd u1 :5 ! guns ( ! ars5al op5$ a fire ^u !m1 ! l ( :i* ,i nev] saw be=e1 sweep+ !m d[n 9 long lanes4 ,9 less ?an a qu>t] ( an h\r !y 7 9 full flight to ,quatre-,v5ts1 )\t wait+ to pick up _! coats1 _! (fic]s at _! head1 & r\nd-%ot f ! t[n act+ z file-clos]s4 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude w\ld h laugh$ at _! pr$icam5t4 ,at night-fall we return$ to ! city1 aft] de/roy+ ! kiln1 & ?r[+ two eight-p\nd]s we captur$ into its well4 ,s end$ our fir/ sortie4 ,i write y f ,bois-de-,*nes1 :i* we h rea*$ on a =ag+ exp$ition4 ,! siege may la/ mon?s4 ,i %\ld h told y t ! ,allies are pass+ ?r\gh ! valley ( ,dos5heim to ,wes*em1 & flood+ ! roads to ,p>is by ?\s&s4 ,ah6 if ,god w\ld only give ! emp]or ! victory 9 ,lorra9e or ,*ampagne1 n "o ( !m w\ld return4 ,b ! trumpets are s\nd+ ! recall1 & we h ga!r$ a goodly numb] ( ox5 & c[s & goats4 ,we may h to fight our way back4 ,f>ewell1 my de> "m1 & ,l\ise1 & ,fa!r ,jean-,claude4 ,y are ev] 9 my ?\ghts & my he>t4 #fbh ,ca!r9e's eyes grew moi/ z %e f9i%$4 ,:at a brave fell[ he is6 %e murmur$2 he kn[s only 8 duty4 ,well6 well6 ,d y he>1 ,l\ise1 h[ he rememb]s y8 ,l\ise ?rew h]self into ! old woman's arms1 & ,"m ,ca!r9e1 despite ! firmness ( h] "*1 c\ld n re/ra9 two great te>s1 :i* c\rs$ d[n h] furr[$ *eeks2 b %e 0 soon h]self aga94 ,come1 come6 said %e2 all is well4 ,come ,bra9/e91 eat a morsel ( bread & take a glass ( w9e1 & "h is a cr[n = y\r tr\ble2 ,i wi% ,i c\ld give z mu* e week = su* a lett]4 ,! po/man1 well pleas$ at h] b\nty1 foll[$ h]1 & ,jean-,claude ha/5$ to "q him z to ! enemy's movem5ts2 b he le>n$ no?+ new1 except t ! ,allies 7 besieg+ ,bit*e1 & ,lutzel/e91 & t !y _h lo/ "s hundr$s ( m5 9 attempt+ to =ce ! defile ( ,grauf?al4 ,*apt] ,,xx4 ,ab\t t5 o'clock t night ,ca!r9e ,lefevre & ,l\ise1 aft] hav+ bid ,hull9 good-night1 retir$ to _! *amb]1 :i* 0 situat$ ov] ! great hall4 ,9 ?is room 7 two huge fea!r b$s1 ) r$ & blue /rip$ curta9s ris+ to ! ceil+4 ,sleep-well1 my *ild1 said ! old woman4 ,i c no long] be> up aga9/ my we>9ess4 ,%e ?rew h]self ^u h] b$1 & 9 a few m9utes 0 9 a deep slumb]4 ,l\ise did n delay foll[+ h] example4 ,?is la/$ mayhap two h\rs1 :5 a fe>ful tumult broke ^u !m4 ,to arms6 to arms6 %\t$ fifty voices4 ,!y are on u6 ,to arms6 ,%ots res\nd$1 & ! tramp ( hurry+ feet m+l$ ) cries ( al>m2 b above all 0 he>d ,hull9's voice giv+ ord]s 9 %ort1 resolute1 r++ tones1 & to ! left ( ! f>m1 f ! gorges ( ,grosmann rose a deep heavy murmur l t ( an approa*+ /orm4 ,l\ise6 he>e/ ?\1 ,l\ise8 cri$ ,ca!r9e4 ,yes1 yes4 ,great ,heav56 x is t]rible8 ,ca!r9e sprang f h] b$4 ,arise1 my *ild1 %e cri$2 dress quickly4 ,! %ots r$\bl$ & ! w9d[s 7 lit up z if by con/ant fla%es ( lightn+4 ,att5tion6 %\t$ ! voice ( ,mat]ne4 ,!y he>d ! neigh+ ( a horse )\t1 & ! ru% ( _m feet bel[ 9 ! passage1 ! y>d1 & 9 front ( ! h\se1 :i* %ook to its f\ndations4 ,sudd5ly %ots 7 fir$ f ! hall on ! gr\nd floor4 ,a heavy /ep s\nd$ on ! /airs2 ! door op5$1 & ,hull91 pale1 8 hair disord]$ & 8 lips quiv]+1 appe>$1 be>+ a lant]n4 ,ha/51 he cri$1 we h n a mom5t to lose4 ,:at has happ5$8 ask$ ,ca!r9e4 ,! fir+ became l\d] & l\d]4 ,is ?is a "t to expla98 he %\t$4 ,come on6 ,! old woman cov]$ h] head ) h] hood & desc5d$ ! /airs ) ,l\ise4 ,by ! fitful light ( ! %ots1 !y saw ,mat]ne1 b>e-neck$1 & 8 son ,kasp]1 fir+ f ! doorway on ! abatis1 :ile t5 o!rs beh9d !m load$ & pass$ ! muskets to !m4 ,?ree or f\r corpses1 ly+ aga9/ ! brok5 wall1 add$ to ! horrors ( ! fight1 & ?ick smoke hung among ! raft]s4 #fbi ,z he rea*$ ! /airs1 ,hull9 cri$3 ,"h !y are1 ,heav5 be ?ank$6 ,& ! brave fell[s bel[ %\t$3 ,c\rage6 c\rage1 ,"m ,lefevre6 ,!n ! poor old woman1 ^: /\t he>t seem$ at la/ brok51 bur/ into te>s4 ,%e lean$ heavily on ,jean-,claude's %\ld]2 b he lift$ h] l a fea!r & ran f ! h\se1 skirt+ ! wall to ! "r4 ,l\ise foll[$1 sobb+4 ,!y c\ld he> no?+ b ! :i/l+ ( bullets1 or _! dull ?ud z !y flatt5$ !mselves on ! r\gh ea/ wall1 scatt]+ ! pla/] 9 %[]s1 or z !y hurl$ ! tiles f ! ro(4 ,9 front1 n ?ree hundr$ paces di/ant1 !y saw a l9e ( :ite uni=ms1 light$ up by _! own fire 9 ! black d>kness4 ,^! ! m\nta9e]s on ! o!r side ( ! rav9e ( ,m9ires 7 assail+ 9 flank4 ,hull9 turn$ ! corn] ( ! h\se2 !re all 0 d>kness1 & !y c\ld sc>cely di/+ui% ,doctor ,lorqu91 on horseback1 be=e a sl$ge1 sw++ a long cavalry sabre 9 8 h& & be>+ two horse-pi/ols 9 8 belt1 & ,frantz ,mat]ne1 ) a doz5 m51 ! butt ( 8 rifle re/+ on 8 foot & 8 lips foam+ ) rage4 ,hull9 seat$ ,ca!r9e 9 ! sl$ge & ,l\ise by h] side4 ,"h at la/6 cri$ ! doctor1 ,god be ?ank$6 ,& ,frantz ,mat]ne add$3 ,if x 7 n = y1 ,"m ,lefevre1 y may be sure t n "o ( u w\ld quit ! plateau tonight2 b = y-- ,at ?is mom5t1 a tall gaunt fell[1 pass$ at full spe$1 %riek+ z he ran3 ,!y are ^u u6 ,e "o = himself4 ,hull9 grew pale4 ,x is ! mill] ( ,h>b]g1 he mutt]$1 gr9d+ 8 tee?4 ,traitor6 ,frantz said no?+1 b br\ght 8 rifle to 8 %\ld]1 aim$ & fir$4 ,l\ise saw ! c[>d fl+ 8 arms 9 ! air & fall face d[nw>d on ! sn[4 ,frantz1 ) a /range smile1 reload$ 8 piece4 ,comrades6 said ,hull92 "h is y\r "m2 %e :o gave y p[d] & food t y might def5d y\r homes2 & "h is my *ild4 ,save !m6 ,& all answ]$3 ,we w save !m or die ) !m4 ,& rememb] to w>n ,dives to rema9 at ,falk5/e9 until fur!r ord]s4 ,we %all n fail4 ,!n =w>d1 doctor1 =w>d1 cri$ ! brave old man4 ,& y1 ,hull9s8 ask$ ,ca!r9e4 ,my place is "h4 ,our position mu/ be def5d$ to ! dea?4 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude6 cri$ ,l\ise1 /ret*+ h] arms t[>d him4 ,b he _h1 already turn$ ! corn]2 ! doctor :ipp$ up 8 horse2 ! sl$ge crun*$ ! sn[1 & beh9d x ,frantz ,mat]ne & 8 m51 _! rifles on _! %\ld]s1 /rode on1 :ile ! roll & clatt] ( ! musketry cont9u$4 ,! old mi/ress ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 rememb]+ h] dream1 0 sil5t4 ,l\ise dri$ h] te>s & ?rew a la/ long gaze on ! plateau1 :i* 0 light$ up z if by a fire4 ,! horse gallop$ b5ea? ! bl[s ( ! doctor1 s t ! m\nta9e]s ( ! escort c\ld sc>cely keep up ) x2 b x 0 long ere ! tumult1 ! %\ts ( battle1 ! clatt] & cra% ( ! %ots1 & ! :i/l+ ( ! balls1 cutt+ ?r\gh ! bran*es ( ! trees1 & gr[+ m & m indi/9ct1 7 he>d no m2 !n all seem$ vani%$ l a dream4 #fcj ,! sl$ge _h rea*$ ! o!r slope ( ! m\nta9 & d>t$ l an arr[ ?r\gh ! d>kness4 ,! tramp ( ! horse's ho(s1 ! h>d-drawn brea? ( ! escort1 & f "t to "t ! call ( ! doctor1 ,ho1 ,bruno1 old fell[6 alone broke ! deep /illness4 ,a ru% ( ice-cold air1 roll+ up f ! valley ( ! ,s>re1 bore f af>1 l a sigh1 ! nev]-end+ pla9t ( ! torr5ts & woods4 ,! moon broke ?r\gh a cl\d & look$ d[n on ! d>k =e/s ( ,blanru1 ) _! tall1 sn[-lad5 firs4 ,a few mom5ts aft]1 ! sl$ge rea*$ a corn] ( ! woods1 & ,doctor ,lorqu91 turn+ 9 8 saddle1 cri$3 ,n[1 ,frantz1 :at are we to d8 ,! pa? turns to ! hills ( ,sa9t-,quir91 & "h is ano!r go+ d[n to ,blanru4 ,:i* %all we take8 ,frantz & ! m5 ( ! escort drew ne>4 ,z !y 7 !n on ! we/]n side ( ! ,donon1 !y began to cat* glimpses once m ( ! ,g]man fusilade1 & occasionally !y he>d ! cra% ( a cannon-%ot e*o ?r\gh ! abysses4 ,! pa? to ! hills ( ,sa9t-,quir91 repli$ ,frantz1 is %ort] if we wi% to /op at ,bois-de-,*nes2 we %all ga9 at lea/ ?ree qu>t]s ( an h\r by x4 ,yes1 said ! doctor1 b we risk be+ tak5 by ! ,kais]liks :o n[ hold ! defile ( ! ,s>re4 ,!y are already ma/]s ( ! heights1 & !y h d\btless s5t deta*m5ts to ! ,s>re-,ridge 9 ord] to turn ,donon4 ,let u1 take ! ,blanru pa? !n1 answ]$ ,frantz2 x is long]1 b saf]4 ,! sl$ge desc5d$ ! m\nta9 side to ! left1 along ! skirts ( ! wood4 ,! p>tisans 9 s+le file1 _! rifles slung on _! backs1 m>*$ ^u ! top ( ! slope1 & ! doctor1 on horseback1 9 ! n>r[ way1 broke ?r\gh ! sn[drifts4 ,above hung ! long fir bran*es1 bury+ road & travell]s 9 deep %ad[1 beyond :i* /ream$ ! pale moonlight4 ,! sc5e 0 picturesque & maje/ic1 & "u o!r circum/ances ,ca!r9e w\ld h wond]$ at its weird beauty1 & ,l\ise w\ld n h fail$ to admire ! long icicles glitt]+ l sp>s ( cry/al :]e ! moonbeams fell2 b n[ _! he>ts 7 full ( unre/ & fe>1 & soon ! sl$ge ent]$ ! deep gorge1 :5ce !y c\ld see no light b t :i* flood$ ! m\nta9 peaks4 ,?us !y pu%$ on 9 sil5ce until at l5g? ,ca!r9e1 r\s+ h]self f ! gloomy ?\ghts 9 :i* %e seem$ plung$1 spoke4 ,doctor ,lorqu91 n[ t y h u at ! bottom ( ,blanru1 w y expla9 :y we h ?us be5 c>ri$ (f8 ,jean-,claude seiz$ me1 ?rew me on ?is truss ( /raw1 & "h ,i am4 ,ho1 ,bruno6 cri$ ! doctor4 ,!n he answ]$ gravely3 ,to-night1 ,"m ,ca!r9e1 ! greate/ ( evils has befall5 u4 ,x _c be laid to ,jean-,claude2 = by ! fault ( ano!r we h lo/ ! fruit ( all our blood & toil4 ,by ^: fault8 ,lab>be's1 :o did n gu>d ! defile ( ,blutfeld4 ,he di$ aft]w>d do+ 8 duty l a man2 b 8 dea? c\ld n repair 8 fault2 & if ,pivrette does n arrive 9 "t to support ,hull91 all is lo/4 ,we mu/ !n ab&on ! road & retreat4 #fca ,:at6 ,blutfeld 9 possession ( ! enemy4 ,yes1 ,"m ,ca!r9e4 ,b :o w\ld h ?\ght t ! ,g]mans w\ld h ent]$ x8 ,a defile almo/ impracticable = infantry1 surr\nd$ by po9t$ rocks1 :]e ! h]dsm5 !mselves c sc>cely desc5d ) _! flocks & goats8 ,well1 !y pass$ ?r\gh x1 two by two1 turn$ ,ro*e-,creuse1 cru%$ ,lab>be1 & !n fell ^u ,j]ome1 :o def5d$ himself l a lion until n9e at night1 b f9ally _h to take to ! woods & leave ! road to ! ,kais]liks4 ,t is ! :ole /ory1 & x is fe>ful en\gh4 ,"s "o mu/ h be5 c[>dly & trea*]\s en\gh to h guid$ ! enemy to our re>--to h deliv]$ u ov] b\nd h& & foot4 ,o ! wret*6 cri$ ! doctor 9 a trembl+ voice2 ,i am n rev5geful1 b if ev] he falls "u my h&1 h[ ,i w dissect him6 ,ho1 ,bruno6 ,ho1 boy6 ,! p>tisans /ill ma9ta9$ _! /eady %ad[y m>*1 & no ^w 0 spok54 ,! horse aga9 began a gallop1 b soon slack5$ 8 pace & brea!d heavily4 ,"m ,lefevre 0 once m buri$ 9 ?\ght4 ,i beg9 to und]/&1 said %e at l5g?2 we 7 attack$ tonight 9 front & flank4 ,j s1 ,ca!r9e2 &1 by good =tune1 t5 m9utes be=e ! attack1 "o ( ,m>c-,dives's m5--! smuggl] ,zimm]1 an old dragoon--arriv$ at full spe$ to w>n u4 ,if he _h n come1 we 7 lo/4 ,he fell among our outpo/s aft] hav+ pass$ ?r\gh a deta*m5t ( ,cossacks on ! plateau ( ,grosmann4 ,! poor fell[ _h receiv$ a t]rible sabre-?ru/1 & ! blood 0 p\r+ f 8 w\nd4 ,& :at did he say8 ask$ ! old woman4 ,he _h only "t to cry1 ',to arms6 ,we are turn$6 ,j]ome s5t me--,lab>be is dead--! ,g]mans pass$ ?r\gh ,blutfeld6' ,he 0 a brave man6 murmur$ ,ca!r9e4 ,yes1 a brave man6 repli$ ,frantz1 droop+ 8 head4 ,all became sil5t1 & ?us = a long "t ! sl$ge kept on ?r\gh ! n>r[1 w9d+ valley4 ,f "t to "t !y 7 =c$ to /op1 s deep 0 ! sn[1 & !n ?ree or f\r m\nta9e]s took ! horse by ! bridle & pull$ him on4 ,no matt]1 exclaim$ ,ca!r9e1 em]g+ f h] rev]ie1 ,hull9 might h told me-- ,b if he _h told y ( ! two attacks1 int]rupt$ ! doctor1 y w\ld n h come away4 ,& :o d>e h9d] my do+ z ,i wi%8 ,if x pleas$ me to desc5d f ?is sl$ge1 am ,i n free to d s8 ,i _h =giv5 ,jean-,claude--,i rep5t hav+ done s6 ,o ,"m ,lefevre6 cri$ ,l\ise2 if he %\ld be kill$1 :ile y speak ?us6 ,%e is "r1 poor *ild6 ?\ght ,ca!r9e-- ,& %e cont9u$3 ,i said ,i rep5t ( =giv+ him2 b he is a brave man1 to :om ,i c wi% no ill4 ,i =give him ) all my he>t4 ,9 8 place ,i w\ld h done z he has done4 #fcb ,two or ?ree hundr$ y>ds fur!r on1 !y ent]$ ! defile ( ! ,rocks4 ,! sn[ _h ceas$ fall+ & ! moon %one brilliantly f betwe5 two great black & :ite cl\ds4 ,! n>r[ gorge1 bord]$ by po9t$ rocks1 seem$ to unroll its l5g? to _! view1 & on its sides high firs rose1 until lo/ 9 di/ance4 ,no?+ broke ! deep quiet ( ! woods2 human turmoil seem$ inde$ f> away4 ,s pr(\nd 0 ! sil5ce t !y he>d e /ep ( ! horse 9 ! s(t sn[1 & ev5 8 we>y brea?+4 ,frantz ,mat]ne halt$ f "t to "t1 ca/ a glance ov] ! d>k m\nta9 sides1 & !n ha/5$ to ov]take ! o!rs4 ,& valleys succe$$ valleys2 ! sl$ asc5d$1 desc5d$1 turn$ to "r & to left1 & ! p>tisans1 ) _! cold blue bayonets fix$1 foll[$ /eadily aft]4 ,?us t[>d ?ree 9 ! morn+ !y _h rea*$ ! field ( ,brimbelles1 :]e ev5 yet may be se5 an old oak /&+ 9 a turn ( ! valley4 ,on ! o!r side1 to ! left1 9 ! mid/ ( bu%es :ite ) sn[1 beh9d its little wall ( loose /ones & ! pal+s ( its little g>d51 ! lodge ( ,cuny1 ! =e/]1 began to outl9e itself aga9/ ! m\nta9 side1 ) its ?ree bee-hives 9 a r[ on a plank1 its old knotty v9e climb+ to ! ro(1 & its little bran* ( fir hung ov] ! door by way ( sign2 = 9 t solitude ,cuny jo9$ to 8 avocation ( =e/] t ( innkeep]4 ,"h1 z ! road runs along ! edge ( a bank sev]al feet above ! field1 & ! moon 0 obscur$ by a ?ick cl\d1 ! doctor1 fe>+ le/ ! sl$ge %\ld be ov]set1 halt$ b5ea? ! oak4 ,ano!r h\r w see u to ! end ( our j\rney1 ,"m ,lefevre1 said he2 s be ( good *e]--we h n[ pl5ty ( "t4 ,ay1 said ,frantz2 ! wor/ is ov]1 & we c brea! ! horse4 ,! :ole p>ty ga!r$ ar\nd ! sl$ge1 & ! doctor dism\nt$4 ,a few produc$ fl9t & /eel to light _! pipes1 b no?+ 0 said2 all 7 ?9k+ ( ,donon4 ,c\ld ,jean-,claude hold 8 own until ! arrival ( ,pivrette8 ,s _m pa9ful ?\ghts weigh$ ^u ! m9d ( ea* t no "o c>$ to speak4 ,!y 7 "s five m9utes "u ! old oak :5 ! cl\d sl[ly pass$ away & ! pale moonlight /ream$ d[n ! gorge4 ,b :at is t yond]1 betwe5 ! two firs8 ,a beam ( light falls ^u x--^u a tall d>k figure on horseback2 x is a ,cossack ) 8 lambsk9 cap1 & long lance hang+ backw>d "u 8 arm1 sl[ly advanc+2 ,frantz _h already aim$1 :5 beh9d appe>$ ano!r lance1 & ano!r1 & 9 ! dep?s ( ! =e/1 "u ! deep blue sky1 ! little gr\p saw only swall[-tail$ p5nons wav+1 lances fla%+1 & ,cossacks advanc+ /raight on t[>d ! sl$ge1 b )\t hurry1 "s look+ ar\nd1 o!rs lean+ =w>d 9 _! saddles l p seek+ some?+4 ,!y numb]$ m ?an ?irty4 ,ca!r9e & ,l\ise gaz$ ^u ea* o!r4 ,ano!r m9ute & ! savages w\ld be ^u !m4 ,! m\nta9e]s seem$ /upefi$4 ,!y c\ld n turn ! sl$ge 9 ! n>r[ way1 & on "o side 0 ! /eep slope to ! field1 on ! o!r1 ! /eep m\nta9 side4 ,! old woman1 9 an agony ( fe>1 seiz$ ,l\ise's arm & :isp]$ 9 trembl+ tones3 ,let u fly to ! woods6 ,%e tri$ to spr+ f ! sl$1 b h] %oe came (f 9 ! /raw4 ,sudd5ly1 "o ( ! ,cossacks utt]$ a guttural exclamation :i* ran all along _! l9e4 ,we are discov]$6 cri$ ,doctor ,lorqu91 draw+ 8 sabre4 ,sc>cely _h he spok51 :5 twelve %ots lit up ! pa?4 ,wild yells repli$4 ,! ,cossacks left ! road & da%$ ) loose re9 ov] ! field1 flee+ l de]1 to ! =e/ lodge4 #fcc ,!re !y g1 cri$ ! doctor2 we are safe6 ,b ! brave surgeon 0 too ha/y 9 8 conclusion2 ! ,cossacks1 describ+ a circle 9 _! c>e]1 mass$ _! =ce1 & !n1 ) lance 9 re/1 b5d+ ov] _! horses' necks1 came "r on ! p>tisans1 %\t+ ,hurrah6 hurrah6 ,frantz & ! o!rs ?rew !mselves be=e ! sl$ge4 ,x 0 a t]rible mom5t4 ,lance grat$ aga9/ bayonet2 cries ( rage repli$ to curses4 ,b5ea? ! old oak1 ?r\gh ! bran*es ( :i* only a few scatt]$ moonbeams fell1 re>+ horses1 ) manes erect1 /ruggl$ up f ! field to ! pa?1 be>+ b>b>\s rid]s ) blaz+ eyes & uplift$ arms1 /rik+ furi\sly1 advanc+1 recoil+1 utt]+ yells t1 might *ill ! /\te/ he>ts4 ,l\ise & ! old mi/ress ( ,bois-de-,*nes /ood erect 9 ! sl$ge1 pale z dea?4 ,doctor ,lorqu91 be=e !m1 p>ri$1 lung$1 & /ruck1 cry+ ! :ile3 ,d[n1 d[n6 ,morbleu6 ,lie d[n6 ,b !y he>d him n4 ,l\ise1 9 ! mid/ ( ! tumult1 ?\ght only ( protect+ ,ca!r9e1 & ,ca!r9e--imag9e h] horror :5 %e saw ,yeg(1 on a tall1 bony horse1 among ! assailants--,yeg(1 8 cr[n ^u 8 head1 8 unkempt be>d & dogsk9 mantle float+ on ! w9d1 & a lance 9 8 h&4 ,%e saw him !re pla9ly1 z if x 7 broad day1 fl\ri%+ 8 long weapon n t5 paces f h]1 & %e saw 8 gleam+ eyes fix$ on h]s4 ,! mo/ resolute s\ls seem (t5 utt]ly brok5 by ! pursuit ( a rel5tless & inflexible fate4 ,:at 0 to be done8 ,submit--yield to t fate4 ,! old woman believ$ h]self doom$2 %e saw ! m+l$ combat--m5 /rik+ & fall+ 9 ! cle> moonlight2 %e saw rid]less horses da%+ ov] ! field2 %e saw ! attic w9d[ ( ! =e/]'s lodge op51 & old ,cuny aim )\t d>+ to fire into ! mass4 ,%e saw all ^! ?+s ) /range di/9ctness1 b %e kept repeat+ to h]self1 ,! fool has return$2 :atev] may happ51 he w hang my head to 8 saddle-b[4 ,my dream is true--true6 ,& inde$1 ev]y?+ seem$ to ju/ify h] fe>s4 ,! m\nta9e]s1 too feeble 9 numb]s1 began to give way4 ,soon1 l a :irlw9d1 ! ,cossacks bur/ ^u ! road1 & a lance's po9t pass$ ?r\gh ! old woman's hair1 s t %e felt ! cold /eel pass across h] neck4 ,o wret*es6 wret*es6 %e cri$1 z %e fell to ! bottom ( ! sl$ge1 /ill hold+1 h[ev]1 ! re9s 9 bo? h&s4 ,doctor ,lorqu91 too1 _h fall5 ^u ! sl$ge4 ,frantz & ! o!rs1 surr\nd$ by tw5ty ,cossacks1 c\ld r5d] no assi/ance4 ,l\ise felt a h& grasp h] %\ld]--! h& ( ! fool1 m\nt$ on 8 tall /e$4 ,at ?is supreme mom5t1 ! poor girl1 craz$ ) fe>1 utt]$ a %riek ( di/ress2 !n %e saw some?+ fla% 9 ! d>kness2 x 0 ! b>rels ( ,lorqu9's pi/ols1 &1 quick z lightn+1 %e _h torn !m f ! doctor's belt4 ,bo? fla%$ at once1 burn+ ,yeg('s be>d1 & s5d+ _! bullets cra%+ ?r\gh ! skull ( a ,cossack :o 0 b5d+ t[>d h]4 ,%e seiz$ ,ca!r9e's :ip1 & /&+ erect1 pale z a corpse1 /ruck ! horse's flanks ) all h] might4 ,! animal b\nd$ f ! bl[1 & ! sl$ge da%$ ?r\gh ! bu%es2 x b5t to ! "r--to ! left2 !n !re 0 a %ock2 ,ca!r9e1 ,l\ise1 sl$ge & /raw1 roll$ cl[n ! /eep road-side 9 ! sn[4 ,! horse /opp$ %ort1 flung back on 8 haun*es & 8 m\? full ( bloody foam4 ,he _h /ruck aga9/ an oak4 #fcd ,swift z 0 _! fall1 ,l\ise _h se5 "s %ad[s pass l ! w9d beh9d ! copse4 ,%e he>d a t]rible voice--! voice ( ,dives--%\t1 ,=w>d6 ,po9t6 po9t6 ,x seem$ b an illusion--a m+l$ vision1 su* z at our late/ h\r passes be=e our glaz+ eyes2 b z %e rose1 ! poor girl d\bt$ x n2 sabres 7 cla%+ tw5ty paces f h]1 beh9d a curta9 ( trees1 & ,m>c's voice /ill rang on ! night3 ,bravely1 boys1 bravely6 ,no qu>t]6 ,!n %e saw a doz5 ,cossacks climb+ ! slope opposite1 9 ! mid/ ( ! bu%es1 l h>es1 & ?r\gh an op5+ b5ea?1 ,yeg( fly+ across ! valley1 9 ! cle> moonlight l a fright5$ bird4 ,sev]al %ots res\nd$1 b !y did n rea* ! fool2 & /&+ erect 9 8 /irrups :ile 8 horse kept on at 8 utmo/ spe$1 he turn$ 9 ! saddle1 %ook 8 lance defiantly1 & %\t$ a ,hurrah6 9 a voice l t ( a h]on escap+ ! eagle's talons4 ,two m %ots fla%$ f ! =e/]'s lodge2 a rag flew f ! fool's wai/1 b he /ill held on 8 c\rse1 aga9 & aga9 ho>sely %\t+ 8 ,hurrah6 z he foll[$ ! pa? 8 comrades _h tak54 ,& !n ! vision vani%$4 ,:5 ,l\ise aga9 became consci\s1 ,ca!r9e 0 /&+ beside h]4 ,!y gaz$ = a mom5t at ea* o!r1 & !n embrac$ 9 an ec/asy ( joy4 ,sav$6 sav$6 murmur$ ,ca!r9e1 & !y wept 9 ea* o!r's arms4 ,y bore y\rself well & bravely1 said ! old woman4 ,jean-,claude1 ,gasp>d1 & ,i may well be pr\d ( y4 ,l\ise trembl$ f head to foot4 ,! dang] pass$1 h] g5tle nature ass]t$ itself1 & %e c\ld n und]/& h] c\rage ( a few mom5ts be=e4 ,!n1 f9d+ !mselves m compos$1 !y tri$ to rea* ! road1 :5 !y saw ! doctor & five or six p>tisans com+ to meet !m4 ,ah6 y ne$n't cry1 ,l\ise1 said ,lorqu92 y are a dragoon1 a little ,amazon4 ,y\r he>t seems n[ 9 y\r ?roat1 b we saw all4 ,&1 by ! by1 :]e are my pi/ols8 ,z he spoke1 ! ?icket sep>at$1 & tall ,m>c-,dives1 8 sabre hang+ f 8 wri/1 appe>$1 cry+1 ,ha6 ,"m ,ca!r9e6 ,:at a "t8 ,:at luck t ,i happ5$ to be on h&6 ,h[ ^? begg>s w\ld h plund]$ y6 ,yes1 return$ ! old woman1 pu%+ h] gray hair b5ea? h] hood1 x 0 inde$ =tunate4 ,i believe y4 ,n m ?an t5 m9utes ago ,i rea*$ ,fa!r ,cuny's ) my wagon4 ',d n g to ,donon1' said he2 '= ! la/ h\r ! sky above x has be5 r$2 !y are fight+ !re6' ',d y ?9k s8' said ,i4 ',ma foi6 yes1' he repli$4 ',!n ,joson w g ahead z a sc\t1 & we w empty a glass :ile we wait = 8 return4' ,sc>cely _h ,joson />t$1 :5 ,i he>d %\ts z if ! fi5ds _h brok5 loose4 ',:at is ! matt]1 ,cuny8' ,i cri$4 ,he did n "k1 s we pu%$ op5 ! door & !re saw ! fight4 ,ha6 we did n wait long4 ,i 0 on ,fox at a b\nd1 & !n1 ',=w>d6' 0 ! ^w4 ,:at luck6 #fce ,ah6 said ,ca!r9e1 if we 7 only sure t matt]s 7 go+ z well on ,donon1 we might inde$ rejoice4 ,yes2 ,frantz told me all ab\t x2 some?+ is always go+ wrong1 answ]$ ,m>c4 ,b "h we are /&+ 9 ! sn[4 ,let u hope t ,pivrette w n let 8 comrades be cru%$1 & let u empty our glasses :i* are yet half full4 ,f\r o!r smuggl]s came up1 say+ t ! villa9 ,yeg( 0 likely to return ) a sw>m ( ?ieves l himself4 ,v true1 repli$ ,dives4 ,we w return to ,falk5/e91 s9ce ,jean-,claude s ord]s2 b we _c br+ our wagon ) u2 x w\ld h9d] our cross+ ! c\ntry1 & 9 an h\r all ^? wret*es w be ^u u4 ,b let u g to ,cuny's4 ,ca!r9e & ,l\ise w n object to a cup ( w9e1 nor w ! o!rs4 ,x w put back y\r he>ts 9 ! "r place4 ,ho6 ,bruno6 ,he took 8 horse by ! bridle4 ,two w\nd$ m5 7 plac$ on ! sl$ge4 ,two o!rs kill$1 ) sev5 or eight ,cossacks1 lay /ret*$ ^u ! sn[4 ,!y left !m z !y 71 & all ent]$ ! old =e/]'s h\se4 ,frantz 0 beg9n+ to console himself = n be+ on ,donon4 ,he _h run two ,cossacks ?r\gh ! body1 & ! sight ( ! lodge put him 9 good humor4 ,be=e ! door /ood ! wagon1 lad5 ) c>tridges4 ,cuny came out cry+1 ,welcome1 ,"m ,lefevre4 ,:at a night = wom5 to be out6 ,be seat$4 ,:at is go+ on yond]8 ,:ile !y ha/ily empti$ a bottle1 ev]y?+ _h to be aga9 expla9$4 ,! good old man1 dress$ 9 a simple jacket & gre5 knee-bree*es1 8 face wr9kl$ & 8 head bald1 li/5$ ) />+ eyes1 ev] & anon clasp+ 8 h&s z he cri$1 ,great ,god6 good ,god6 9 :at days d we live6 ,we _c travel ! high roads )\t fe> ( be+ attack$4 ,x is worse ?an ! old /ories ( ! ,sw$es6 ,& he %ook 8 head4 ,come1 said ,dives1 "t presses2 =w>d6 ,all w5t out2 ! smuggl]s drove ! wagon1 :i* conta9$ sev]al ?\s&s ( c>tridges & two little casks ( br&y1 ?ree hundr$ paces (f1 to ! middle ( ! valley1 & !re unh>ness$ ! horses4 ,=w>d1 =w>d6 cri$ ,m>c2 we w ov]take y 9 a few m9utes4 ,b :at are y go+ to d ) ! wagon8 ask$ ,frantz4 ,s9ce we h n "t to br+ x to ,falk5/e91 we _h bett] leave x "u ,cuny's %$ ?an to ab&on x 9 ! middle ( ! road4 ,yes1 & h ! poor old man hung :5 ! ,cossacks return1 z !y w 9 less ?an an h\r1 repli$ ,dives4 ,d n tr\ble y\rself2 ,i h a notion 9 my head4 ,frantz rejo9$ ! p>ty ar\nd ! sl$ge1 :o _h gone on "s di/ance4 ,soon !y pass$ ! sawmill ( ,m>quis1 & /ruck /raight to ! "r1 to rea* ! f>m-h\se ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 ! high *imney ( :i* appe>$ ov] ! plateau1 ?ree qu>t]s ( a league away4 ,:5 !y 7 on ! cre/ ( ! hill1 ,m>c-,dives & 8 m5 came up1 %\t+1 ,halt6 ,/op a mom5t4 ,look yond]6 ,& all1 turn+ _! eyes to ! bottom ( ! gorge1 saw ! ,cossacks c>acol+ ab\t ! wagon to ! numb] ( two or ?ree hundr$4 ,!y are com+6 ,let u fly6 cri$ ,l\ise4 ,wait a mom5t1 repli$ ! smuggl]2 we h no?+ to fe>4 #fcf ,he 0 yet speak+1 :5 a %eet ( flame spread its purple w+s f "o m\nta9 to ! o!r1 light+ ! woods to _! topmo/ bran*es1 & ! rocks1 & ! =e/]'s lodge fifte5 hundr$ feet bel[2 !n foll[$ a cra% t %ook ! e>?4 ,& :ile ) dazzl$ eyes !y gaz$ at ea* o!r1 mute ) horror1 ,m>c's peal ( laught] m+l$ 9 ! s\nd t yet rang 9 _! e>s4 ,ha1 ha1 ha6 he %\t$2 ,i knew ! begg>s w\ld ga!r r\nd ! wagon to dr9k my br&y1 & t ! mat* w\ld h "t to rea* ! p[d]4 ,d y ?9k !y w foll[ u fur!r8 ,_! limbs adorn ! firs4 ,s p]i% all ( _! k9d :o h cross$ ! ,rh9e6 ,! entire p>ty1 p>tisans1 ! doctor1 ev]yone1 _h become sil5t4 ,s _m fe>ful sc5es1 sc5es :i* common life kn[s n1 gave all food = endless ?\ght4 ,ea* "o murmur$ to himself1 ,:y mu/ m5 ?us torture1 te>1 ru9 "o ano!r8 ,:y %\ld !y ?us hate ea* o!r8 ,& :at f]oci\s _s urges !m to su* de$s1 if n ! _s ( evil1 ! ar*demon himself8 ,dives alone & 8 m5 7 unmov$1 & gallop$ on laugh+ & applaud+ :at _h be5 done4 ,ha1 ha1 ha6 cri$ ! tall smuggl]2 ,i nev] saw su* a joke6 ,i c\ld laugh a ?\s& ye>s at x4 ,!n he became gloomy1 & said1 ,yeg( is at ! bottom ( all ?is4 ,"o mu/ be bl9d n to see t x 0 he :o guid$ ! ,g]mans to ,blutfeld4 ,i w\ld be sorry if he 7 f9i%$ by a piece ( my wagon2 ,i h some?+ bett] 9 /ore = him4 ,all t ,i wi% is1 t he may rema9 s\nd & heal?y until ,i meet him "s day 9 a corn] ( ! woods4 ,let x be "o1 t51 or tw5ty ye>s--only let x come6 ,! long] ,i wait1 ! ke5] w be my appetite2 good morsels are be/ cold1 l wild-bo>'s *eek 9 :ite w9e4 ,he said all ?is ) a good-humor$ air2 b ^? :o knew him knew t b5ea? t lay dang] = ,yeg(4 ,half an h\r aft]1 all rea*$ ! field ( ,bois-de-,*nes4 ---------- ,inscription ,on ,a ,door4 ,writt5 ,by ,!odulphus1 ,bi%op ,( ,orleans1 ,a4,d4 #hbj4 ,paup]ibus pateat1 ,praesul1 tua janua semp]1 ,cum mis]is ,*ri/us intrat et ipse simul4 ,deque tuis epulis pascatur paup] eg5us1 ,ut conviva queas lectus adesse ,deo4 ,translation4 ,set wide ?y portals ev] to ! poor1 ,s ,*ri/ %all ent] ) !m at ?y door4 ,& let ! poor be fea/$ f ?y bo>d1 ,s maye/ ?\1 bless$1 banquet ) ?y ,"l4 ,c4 ,e4 ,b4 ---------- #fcg ,poor ,m>a6 ,! celebrat$ ,ros5?al1 9 ,g]many1 0 ! retreat :]e ,goe! pass$ s _m h\rs ( leisure :5 a /ud5t4 ,x 0 inde$ a valley ( roses1 especially 9 e>ly summ]1 :5 fl[]s are mo/ abundant1 & ! t5d] gre5 ( ! ri* foliage is fre%e/ & brighte/4 ,x 0 a lovely aft]noon1 b n sultry2 a l>ge awn+ 0 spread = tempor>y use2 & j 9 ! %ade ( a gr\p ( trees 0 set out a table ) refre%m5ts4 ,a doz5 seats 7 arrang$ r\nd x1 evid5tly = a small & select company4 ,ere long1 c>riages drove up1 & "s ladies alight$1 & began to arrange ! collation4 ,two ( !m 7 ! wife & daught] ( ,doles1 ! musician2 !y br\ght fl[]s :i* !y _h ga!r$1 & decorat$ ! table1 plac+ a wrea? ( roses & laurels ov] ! seat de/9$ to be occupi$ by _! honor$ gue/1 no less a p]son ?an ,moz>t1 :o _h come to give 8 la/ conc]t 9 ,leipsic4 ,! re/ ( ! company soon jo9$ !m2 & x w\ld be int]e/+1 _h we space1 to relate ! conv]sation t =m$ ! mo/ delightful "p ( _! ent]ta9m5t4 ,!y 7 a few *oice spirits1 met to enjoy ! society ( ,moz>t 9 an h\r sacr$ to fri5d%ip4 ,!re 0 no lack ( humor & mir?2 inde$1 ! compos] w\ld h act$ at v>iance ) 8 "* _h he n beguil$ ev5 ! grave/ by 8 amus+ sallies2 b ! !mes ( _! disc\rse 7 ! musical ma/]s ( ! _w1 & ! /ate & prospect ( _! art4 ,oh6 c\ld we only entice y to live "h1 said "o ( ! company to ! great compos]4 ,no2 ! atmosph]e does n suit me1 repli$ ,moz>t2 ! res]ve w\ld *ill my ef=ts1 = ,i live ^u ! love ( ^? :o suff] me to d z ,i please4 ,"s o!r "t1 p]haps1 ,i may come to ,leipsic2 j n[ ,vi5na is ! place = me4 ,by ! way1 :at ?9k y ( ,bonn8 ,y _c ?9k ( ,bonn = a resid5ce8 ,n ,i4 ,_h y ask$ me :]e art _h ! lea/ *ance ( spread+ h] w+s = a bold flight--:]e %e 0 mo/ securely *a9$ d[n & =bidd5 to so>1 ,i %\ld h answ]$1 ',bonn4' ,b t unpromis+ city has produc$ "o ( ! greate/ g5iuses ( our day4 ,:o8 :o8 eag]ly dem&$ sev]al among ! company4 ,a lad1 a m]e lad1 :o has be5 "u ! tutelage ( ! elector's ma/]s1 & %ock$ !m all by 8 musical ecc5tricities4 ,!y 7 ready to give him up 9 disgu/4 ,he came to me j be=e ,i left ,vi5na2 mode/1 aba%$1 d\bt+ 8 own g5ius1 b eag] to le>n 8 fate f my lips4 ,i gave him "o ( my mo/ difficult pieces2 he execut$ x 9 a mann] s spirit$1 s admirable--c>ri$ away by ! music1 :i* ent]$ 8 v s\l1 =getful ( 8 fa9t-he>t$ness--full ( inspiration6 ',twas an arti/1 ,i assure y2 a true & noble "o1 & ,i told him s4 ,8 "n8 ,l\is von ,bee?ov54 ,i "k 8 fa!r well1 said ,hill]4 #fch ,!n y "k "o :o has giv5 ! _w a treasure6 ,=1 m>k me1 rail$ at z he may be = refus+ to foll[ 9 ! beat5 pa?1 decri$ = 8 contempt ( ord9>y rules1 ! lad ,bee?ov5 w rise to a spl5did fame6 ,b 8 =te w be sacr$ music4 ,! conv]sation turn$ to ! works ( ,ba* & ,h&el4 ,z ! sun decl9$ we/w>d1 ! company rose & return$ to ! city4 ,:5 !y _h left ! gr\nds1 a figure came =w>d f ! concealm5t ( ! foliage1 & walk$ p5sively to & fro4 ,he _h he>d mo/ ( ! conv]sation unobs]v$4 ,x 0 ! arti/ ,m>a1 a violoncelli/ ( great m]it--fam\s1 inde$--b ru9$ by dissipation4 ,8 wife _h left him 9 despair ( re=m+ 8 intemp]ate habits2 8 fri5ds _h des]t$ him2 all 0 gone b 8 love ( art2 & t _h br\ght him to see ! great ,moz>t4 ,well1 well1 he said to himself1 ,i h he>d & "k him n[4 ,8 ta/e is ! same ) m9e2 he glories 9 ,h&el & old ,seba/ian4 ,ah6 t music 9 my dream4 ,he /ruck 8 =ehead4 ,b ,i c keep no?+ 9 my head2 ,m>a-- ,m>a--non e p5 com era prima6 ,if 'tw]e n = ?is v]tigo1 ?is ?robb+ t ,i feel :5ev] ,i /rive to collect my ?\ghts & fix !m on an idea2 if ,i c\ld b grasp ! conception1 oh6 'tw\ld be glori\s6 ,! _s ( art _h n yet left ! degrad$ be+ x _h once inspir$2 b h[ sad 7 ! /ruggles ( ! s\l aga9/ h] pa9ful & contam9at+ bonds6 ,:y1 resum$ ! soliloqui/--:y 0 ,i n invit$ to make "o among ! company assembl$ "h to welcome ! great *apel-ma/]8 ,i1 too1 am a fam\s arti/2 ,i c appreciate music2 ! public h pron\nc$ me entitl$ to rank among ! fir/4 ,b nobody w associate ) ,m>a 9 ! day-"t6 ,x is only at night1 at ! midnight revels1 :]e su* grave ones z ! director scorn to appe>1 t ,m>a1 l a bird ( evil om51 is p]mitt$ to %[ 8 face4 ,!n !y %\t & clap = me1 & call me a m]ry fell[2 & ,i am ! m]rie/ ( !m all6 ,b ,i d n l su* welcome4 ,i w\ld r be reasonable if ,i c\ld1 & ! w9e w\ld let me4 ,! w9e6 ,am ,i a slave to t8 ,ha1 a slave6 ,alas6 x is s2 w9e is my ma/]2 & he is jeal\s ( e o!r1 & beats me :5 ,i rebel1 till ,i cry m]cy1 & cr\* at 8 feet aga94 ,oh6 if ,i _h a fri5d /rong en\gh to get me out ( 8 clut*es4 ,b ,i h no fri5ds--none1 n ev5 ,g]trude4 ,%e has left me2 & !re is no "o at home n[ ev5 to reproa* me :5 ,i come back drunk1 or make a noise 9 ! h\se ov] ! table ) a companion or two4 ,he9ri*--no2 he laughs & makes game ( me l ! re/4 ,i am sick ( ?is mis]able life2 ,i am tir$ ( be+ laugh$ at & %unn$2 ,i w put an end to x all1 & !n !y w say once aga91 ',poor ,m>a6' ,) a sudd5 />t ! wret*$ man ru%$ away1 & 0 pres5tly hid among ! bran*es ( ! trees4 ,a :i/le 0 he>d j !n1 & a lad1 walk+ briskly1 foll[$1 halloo+ aft] him4 ,he came j 9 "t4 ,a /ream1 a bran* ( ! ,pleysse1 wat]$ ! bottom ( ! valley2 ,m>a 0 ab\t to ?r[ himself into x 9 ! deepe/ spot1 :5 8 arm 0 caught by 8 pursu]4 ,:at ! mis*ief are y ab\t8 ,let me alone6 cri$ ,m>a1 /ruggl+4 ,d y mean to be dr[n$8 #fci ,yes2 t is j :at ,i want4 ,i came "h = t purpose2 & :at h y to say aga9/ x1 ,fri$ri*8 ,no?+1 if y\r fancy runs t way1 repli$ ! lad1 laugh+2 only y h pl5ty ( leisure = x h]eaft]1 & j n[ y are want$4 ,want$8 ,yes2 ,i came to look = y4 ,:o wants ! poor drunk>d ,m>a8 ,!y want y at ,brei?(f's1 tonight1 at ! supp] giv5 to ,moz>t aft] ! conc]t2 & y mu/ br+ y\r in/rum5t2 we are to h "s r>e fun4 ,come1 if y are ob$i5t1 y %all g ) me to ! conc]t4 ,moz>t's conc]t6 ,surpris$ & pleas$ t "s ( 8 acqua9tances _h rememb]$ him1 ,m>a suff]$ himself to be l$ away by 8 companion4 ,! conc]t 0 a spl5did "o1 & att5d$ by all ! ta/e & fa%ion ( ,leipsic4 ,! or*e/ra 0 admirable1 ! s+]s 7 full ( _s & good humor1 ! audi5ce delight$1 ! compos] gratifi$ & ?ankful4 ,moz>t ?ank$ ! p]=m]s 9 a brief spee*1 & z soon z ! conc]t 0 at an end 0 l$ (f 9 triumph by ! connoisseurs1 8 fri5ds4 ,magnific5t beyond expectation 0 ! ent]ta9m5t prep>$1 & att5d$ by _m among ! weal?y & ! noble1 z well z ! mo/ di/+ui%$ arti/s4 ,! revelry 0 prolong$ beyond midnight1 &1 z ! gue/s became w>m$ ) good *e]1 we are b\nd to record t ! conv]sation lo/ its rational tone1 & t comical sallies & upro>i\s laught] began to usurp ! place ( critical disc\rse4 ,!y _h songs f all :o 7 musical2 ,m>a1 among ! re/1 0 br\ght 91 dress$ 9 a fanta/ic b slov5ly mann]1 & made to play = ! amusem5t ( ! company4 ,:5 he _h play$ sev]al pieces1 ! y\ng] gue/s began to put _! practical jokes ^u him1 & provoke him to imitate ! noises ( diff]5t animals on 8 violoncello4 ,m>a ent]$ into all _! fun1 convuls+ !m ) 8 grotesque spee*es & ge/ures1 dr9k+ glass aft] glass1 till1 at la/1 he fell back q ov]p[]$ & ins5sible4 ,!n 8 juv5ile torm5tors pa9t$ 8 face & clipp$ 8 mu/a*es1 & trick$ him out 9 f9]y t gave him ! look ( a c&idate = ,b$lam1 & _h him c>ri$ to 8 own h\se1 laugh+ to imag9e :at 8 s5sations w\ld be1 next morn+1 :5 he %\ld discov] h[ ludicr\sly he _h be5 disfigur$4 ,9 %ort1 ! :ole p>ty 7 consid]ably beyond ! b\nds ( propriety & s\nd judgm5t1 ,moz>t includ$4 ,x 0 consid]ably aft] noon1 ! next day1 t poor ,m>a1 ! victim ( ^? m]ciless revell]s1 might be se5 sitt+ disconsolately 9 8 des]t$ home4 ,he _h no he>t ev5 to be enrag$ at ! cruelties practis$ on him4 ,pale z dea?1 8 eyes sunk5 & blood%ot1 8 limbs %iv]+1 sat ?is mis]able wret*1 dress$ 9 ! same mock]y ( f9]y :i* _h be5 heap$ ^u him 9 wick$ sport4 ,! door soon op5$1 & ,moz>t ent]$4 ,at sight ( ! compos]1 ,m>a rose & me*anically return$ 8 salutation4 ,moz>t look$ grave & sad4 ,y are mu* ! worse = la/ night's dissipation1 my good fell[1 said he4 ,ah ,ma/] ,moz>t6 said ! violoncelli/1 ) a fa9t smile1 x is too good ( y to visit su* a dog z poor ,m>a4 #fdj ,i h some?+ to say to y1 fri5d1 answ]$ ! compos]1 9 a voice ( emotion4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 let me ?ank y = y\r music1 la/ night4 ,! bewild]$ arti/ pass$ 8 h& across 8 =ehead4 ,i say1 let me ?ank y4 ,x is long s9ce ,i h he>d su* music4 ,y 7 pleas$ ) x8 ask$ ,m>a1 look+ up1 :ile a beam ( joy %ot into ! d>kness ( 8 s\l4 ,pleas$8 ,x 0 noble--he>t-/irr+6 ,i mu/ own ,i did n expect su* f y4 ,i expect$ to be %ock$1 b ,i 0 *>m$4 ,& :5 y play$ ! air f ,idom5io--sacr6 b x w5t to my s\l4 ,i h nev] _h my music s ?or\ghly appreciat$--s admirably execut$4 ,m>a1 y are a ma/] ( y\r art6 ,i rev]5ce y6 ,y8 repeat$ ! arti/1 draw+ 8 brea? quickly4 ,yes2 ,i own y = my bro!r1 & s ,i told !m all1 la/ night4 ,! poor man gave a leap & seiz$ ! ma/] by bo? h&s2 rapture _h p5etrat$ 8 inmo/ he>t4 ,oh6 y make me v happy1 falt]$ he4 ,i am glad ( x1 = n[ ,i am go+ to say some?+ pa9ful4 ,m>a hung 8 head4 ,nay1 ,i reproa* myself z mu* z y4 ,we bo? behav$ ill1 la/ night2 we bo? =got ! dignity ( ! arti/ & ! man4 ,aga9 ! poor violoncelli/ look$ bewild]$4 ,we =got t su* z we are set up = an example to ! un9itiat$1 & yield$ to ! tempt] w9e6 ,art--our "m--has reason to blu% = u4 ,= me1 cri$ ,m>a1 deeply mov$2 b n = y4 ,yes1 = me1 repeat$ ,moz>t1 & = all :o 7 !re4 ,x 0 a %ameful sc5e4 ,:at1 he cont9u$1 ) ris+ indignation--:at w\ld ! true fri5ds ( art h ?\ght ( su* bea/ly orgies1 celebrat$ 9 h] "n8 ,:y1 !y w\ld h said1 p]haps1 ',^! m5 are wild fell[s1 b we mu/ let !m h _! way2 we owe ! f9e music !y give u to _! free liv+2 !y mu/ h /imulants to compose or play well4' ,no1 no1 no6 x is base to malign ! holy sci5ce we love4 ,su* excesses b unfit u = "w4 ,i h nev] ow$ a good ?\ght to ! bottle4 ,i tell y1 ,i hate myself = la/ night's fool]y4 ,ah ma/]1 y :o are s f> above me8 sigh$ ,m>a4 ,& lo1 "h ! wreck ( a noble be+6 said ! compos]1 9 a l[ voice & ) mu* bitt]ness2 !n resum+3 ,li/5 to me1 ,m>a4 ,y h be5 y\r own enemy1 b y\r fall is n :olly y\r own "w4 ,y are wondr\sly gift$2 y c be1 y %all be1 snat*$ f ru94 ,y c1 y %all1 rise above ^? :o w\ld trample on y n[2 become r5[n$ & belov$1 & leave an honor$ "n to po/]ity4 ,y h giv5 me a lesson1 ,m>a--a lesson :i* ,i %all rememb] my life long--:i* ,i %all tea* to o!rs4 ,y h done me good--,i w d some?+ = y4 ,come ) me to ,vi5na4 ,! poor violoncelli/ _h eag]ly li/5$ to ! words ( him he s v5]at$--:om he look$ on z a sup]ior be+4 ,:ile he talk$ to him z an equal1 :ile he ackn[l$g$ 8 g5ius1 lam5t$ 8 faults1 & gave him hope t all 0 n yet lo/1 ! _s ( ! degrad$ creature reviv$ )9 him4 ,x 0 ! wak+ ( 8 m9d's en]gies2 ! /ruggle ( ! s\l = life aga9/ ! le?>gy ( a mortal malady4 ,life triumph$6 ,m>a 0 once m a man2 b ov]come by ! conflict & by ! la/ g5]\s (f]1 he sank back1 b[$ 8 face ^u 8 h&s1 & wept al\d4 #fda ,come1 cri$ ,moz>t1 aft] a pause1 dur+ :i* 8 own eyes moi/5$--come1 we h no "t to lose4 ,i g out to-night by ! ev5+ po/ = ,vi5na2 y mu/ accompany me4 ,take ?is purse1 put y\r dress 9 ord]1 & make ha/e4 ,i w call = y at eight4 ,be ready !n4 ,n a ^w m4 ,& =c+ a well-fill$ purse into 8 trembl+ h&s1 ! ma/] ha/5$ away too quickly to he> a ^w ( ?anks f ! man he _h sav$ f worse ?an dea?4 ,! great compos] 0 e>ly summon$ f ?is & _m o!r works ( m]cy & b5evol5ce4 ,b if ?is noble design 0 unaccompli%$1 at lea/ good se$ 0 s[n1 & ,m>a plac$ once m )9 view ( ! goal ( virtu\s hope4 ,rescu$ f ! mire ( degradation1 he might1 by p]sev]ance1 h won ! prize2 if he did n1 ! fault 0 :olly 8 own4 ,:atev] ! t]m9ation ( 8 c>e]1 ! moral lesson is = u ! same4 ---------- ,discipl9e4 ,a block ( m>ble caught ! glance ,( ,buon>otti's eyes1 ,:i* bright5$ 9 _! solemn deeps1 ,l meteor-light$ skies4 ,& "o :o /ood beside him li/5$1 ,smil+ z he he>d2 ,=1 ,i w make an angel ( x6 ,0 ! sculptor's ^w4 ,& soon mallet & *isel %>p ,! /ubborn block assail$1 ,& bl[ by bl[1 & pang by pang1 ,! prison] unveil$4 ,a br[ 0 lift$1 high & pure2 ,! wak'n+ eyes out%one2 ,& z ! ma/] %>ply wr\ght1 ,a smile broke ?r\gh ! /one6 #fdb ,b5ea? ! *isel's edge1 ! hair ,escap$ 9 float+ r+s2 ,&1 plume by plume1 0 sl[ly fre$ ,! sweep ( half-furl$ w+s4 ,! /ately bu/ & graceful limbs ,_! m>ble fett]s %$1 ,& :]e ! %apeless block _h be51 ,an angel /ood in/ead6 ,o bl[s t smite6 ,o hurts t pi]ce ,?is %r9k+ he>t ( m9e6 ,:at are ye b ! ,ma/]'s tools ,=m+ a "w div9e8 ,o hope t crumbles to my feet6 ,o joy t mocks1 & flies6 ,:at are ye b ! clogs t b9d ,my _s f ! skies8 ,sculptor ( s\ls6 ,i lift to !e ,encumb]$ he>t & h&s3 ,sp>e n ! *isel6 set me free1 ,h[ev] de> ! b&s4 ,h[ ble/1 if all ^! seem+ ills ,:i* draw my ?\ghts to !e ,%\ld only prove t ?\ wilt make ,an angel out ( me6 ---------- #fdc ,f ,! ,g]man ,( ,dr4 ,b4 ,w]neke4 ,! ,tea*+s ,( ,/ati/ics ,conc]n+ ,! ,fre$om ,( ,! ,human ,w4 ,! enemies ( ,*ri/ianity are1 9 our days1 mak+ w> ^u its dogmas m fi]cely & m g5]ally ?an at any previ\s p]iod4 ,mat]ialism--! tea*+s ( :i* may be summ$ up 9 ! foll[+ propositions3 ,!re exi/s no ,god z a spiritual1 immat]ial p]sonality2 !re exi/s no _s z a sup]s5sible1 self-exi/5t1 immortal sub/ance--is f9d+ its way into e rank ( society4 ,by clo?+ x 9 a popul> g>b1 its advocates are meet+ ) no small degree ( success 9 mak+ conv]ts to its errors1 ev5 among ! work+ classes & ! delud$ proltaires :o h a dread ( labor4 ,mat]ialism no long] goes to ! tr\ble ( exhibit+ itself 9 ! guise ( a well-connect$ philosophical sy/em3 x pref]s ! m insidi\s me?od ( appe>+ only occasionally1 9 writ+s & spee*es ^: !me is ( q ano!r nature4 ,x puts on an appe>ance ( sci5ce & ( devotion to g5u9e progress2 & h]e9 consi/s its pr9cipal dang]4 ,:5 doctr9es1 oppos$ to fai?1 are secret$ 9 works on natural sci5ce1 & plac$ side by side ) evid5t facts1 !re mu/ necess>ily result a /rong temptation = ! unw>y to look ^u !m all z und5iable tru?s4 ,! sci5ce ( moral /ati/ics is "o ( ^? t h be5 mo/ rec5tly p]v]t$ to ! purposes ( mat]ialism4 ,! f\nd] ( ?is sci5ce is ,quetelet1 ! celebrat$ ,belgian a/ronom] & /ati/ician4 ,he fir/ obs]v$ t1 by consid]+ l>ge masses ( m5 dur+ a long p]iod1 a c]ta9 uni=mity 9 ! mann] ( _! accompli%m5t c\ld be trac$1 9 su* volunt>y acts z come "u ! obs]vation ( /ati/icians1 m especially 9 m>riages1 suicides1 & crimes4 ,he ev5 rea*$ ! conclusion t acts elicit$ "u ! influ5ce ( free-w occur ) a great] degree ( regul>ity ?an ev5ts :i* dep5d exclusively on ! influ5ce ( physical causes4 ,?is discov]y 0 pursu$ /ill fur!r4 ,obs]vations 7 made ^u diff]5t nationalities1 ! results 7 comp>$1 & ^u _! evid5ce x 0 ?\ght ju/ifiable to speak ( a law ( nature by :i* all human acts 7 suppos$ to be controll$4 ,?is new law c\ld n b be hail$ ) pleasure by ! disciples ( mat]ialism4 ,!y imm$iately took x up & adduc$ x z evid5ce 9 favor ( _! doctr9es4 ,x requires b a small am\nt ( p]ception to see t1 if all human acts are controll$ by a law ( nature1 !re _c be any free-w4 ,! d5ial ( free-w implies ! elim9ation ( "o ( ! ess5tial faculties ( ! human s\l1 & x1 at ! same "t1 %akes ,*ri/ianity to its f\ndation44 ,=1 if ev]y?+ is subject$ to an immutable necessity1 s9 & grace1 r$emption & sanctification1 ne$ no long] be m5tion$4 #fdd ,x is well wor? our :ile to subject ! new doctr9e1 f\nd$ on ! evid5ce ( moral /ati/ics1 to an exam9ation & to te/ its t5ability4 ,we propose to d ?is 9 ! foll[+ pages4 ,be=e ent]+1 h[ev]1 into ! ass]tions & inf]5ces ( ! mat]iali/s1 x w be exp$i5t to /ate a few ( ! pr9cipal results ( ! sci5ce ( moral /ati/ics1 s t ! read] may see ! me?od by :i* su* unexpect$ & surpris+ conclusions h be5 rea*$1 & may ?us be enabl$ to =m a judgm5t = himself4 ,a glance at ! /ati/ical tables :i* record ! sum-total ( m>riages contract$ 9 a s+le c\ntry reveals 9 reality t _! numb] is ne>ly ! same1 ye> aft] ye>4 ,ev5 9 s-call$ anomal\s m>riages1 t is1 m>riages 9 :i* a "y man allies himself to a woman mu* old] ?an himself & vice v]sa1 z well z 9 m>riages betwe5 wid[s & wid[]s1 !re seems to be a c]ta9 uni=mity4 ,?us1 if we take ,belgium1 ) a population ( ab\t f\r & a half millions1 we f9d ! total numb] ( m>riages1 f ! ye> #ahdd to ! ye> #ahec1 runn+ z foll[s3 #bi1cbf1 #bi1baj1 #be1fgj1 #bd1ade1 #bh1fef1 #ca1ghh1 #cc1gfb1 #cc1afi1 #ca1bea1 #cj1fcf4 ,dur+ ! same ye>s1 ! numb] ( m>riages betwe5 m5 ( #cj ye>s & "u1 ) wom5 ( #cj ye>s & "u1 /&s ?us3 #ac1jbd1 #ac1aeg1 #aa1egh1 #aj1gdi1 #ab1fdb1 #ac1icc1 #ad1ddj1 #ad1ccg1 #ac1dhh1 #ac1afa4 ,anomal\s m>riages1 betwe5 m5 ( #cj ye>s & less1 & wom5 ( f #de to #fj ye>s1 likewise ev9ce a p]ceptible regul>ity dur+ ! same ye>s3 #abi1 #ajb1 #aah1 #ih1 #aja1 #adj1 #acj1 #abh1 #ajd1 #aae4 ,on ! o!r h&1 m>riages betwe5 m5 ( #fj ye>s & ov]1 & wom5 ( #cj ye>s & "u1 dur+ ! same s]ies ( ye>s3 #da1 #cf1 #cc1 #db1 #dd1 #dg1 #di1 #db1 #ci1 #cb4 ,^! figures are suffici5t = an illu/ration4 ,! result is simil> 9 ! case ( o!r c\ntries4 ,if we consid]1 ! age at :i* m>riage is contract$1 we discov] consid]able uni=mity 9 a s+le c\ntry1 b wide diff]5ces 9 diff]5t c\ntries4 ,! foll[+ table exhibits :at p]c5tage ( m5 & wom5 contract m>riages 9 ! diff]5t c\ntries1 at ! diff]5t ages indicat$3 ,"u #bj #bj-be #be-cj #cj-ce #ce-dj #dj-hj ,9 ,engl& ,m5 #b #df #bf #aa #e #aj ,wom5 #ab #ej #bj #h #d #f ,9 ,france ,m5 #b #bg #cc #ah #i #aa ,wom5 #ai #ch #bb #aj #e #f ,9 ,norway ,m5 #a #bc #ci #bj #h #i ,wom5 #e #ce #cc #ad #f #g ,9 ,bav>ia ,m5 #j #ab #cb #ch #ch #ah ,wom5 #d #be #cb #bi #bi #aj ,^! figures %[ t 9 ,engl& #gb p] c5t ( ! m5 m>ry betwe5 ! ages ( #bj & #cj ye>s2 9 ,france1 #fj p] c5t2 9 ,norway1 #fb p] c5t2 9 ,bav>ia1 h[ev]1 only #dd p] c5t4 ,9 ,engl&1 #hb p] c5t ( ! wom5 contract m>riage at & "u ! age ( #cj ye>s1 :il/ 9 ,bav>ia ! p]c5tage is only #fa4 ,x is h>dly to be suppos$ t :at ,quetelet calls la t5dance an m>iage 7! t5d5cy t[>d m>riage7 is less /rong 9 ,bav>ia ?an 9 ,engl&3 we may only inf] t ! conditions :i* r5d] m>riage practicable are m easily realiz$ 9 ,engl& ?an 9 ,bav>ia1 & a s+le glance at bo? ^! c\ntries w %[ t su* is really ! case4 ,we %all n[ give a few figures f ! /ati/ics ( suicide4 ,! foll[+ table conta9s ! annual aggregate ( suicides1 dur+ a p]iod ( tw5ty ye>s3 #fde ,france ,belgium ,d5m>k ,au/ria ,prussia ,saxony #ahcf #bcdj #ahi #bda #adcf #bad #ahcg #bddc #afe #bfi #ecd #aejb #bfd #ahch #behf #afg #bib #adec #bfa #ahci #bgdg #aib #big #dhf #adgd #bdf #ahdj #bgeb #bjd #bfa #eej #adhj #ccf #ahda #bhad #bdj #ccg #afcj #bij #ahdb #bhff #bbj #cag #ehg #aeih #cbh #ahdc #cjbj #bdb #cja #ehh #agbj #dbj #ahdd #bigc #bee #bhe #aege #cce #ahde #cjhb #baf #bij #eif #agjj #cch #ahdf #cjab #bdg #cgf #faa #agjg #cgc #ahdg #cjdg #bea #cde #aheb #cgg #ahdh #ccja #bgh #cje #afdi #cih #ahdi #cehc #bge #ccg #deb #aebg #cbh #ahej #ceif #cdj #ded #agdc #cij #ahea #ceih #afe #dja #eeb #ahaf #djb #aheb #cfgf #aej #dbf #fcg #bjgc #ecj #ahec #cdae #afa #dai #gje #aidb #dca #ahed #cgjj #ahi #cfc #ggj #baih #edg #ahee #chaj #aff #cii #bcea #efh ,mak+ all possible all[ance = increas$ population 9 ea* ( ^! c\ntries ?r\gh\t ! space ( tw5ty ye>s1 & = great] accuracy 9 ! lat] records ?an 9 ! e>li] ones1 x /ill rema9s inconte/able t 9 civiliz$ c\ntries suicide is on ! increase1 & t ?is increase exce$s t ( ! population4 ,by tak+ ! annual proportion to a million ( inhabitants1 we %all p]ceive t ?is crime is m frequ5t 9 "s c\ntries ?an 9 o!rs4 ,! foll[+ figures comprise ! p]iod f #ahef to #ahff3 ,9 ,france1 to "o million ( inhabitants1 !re occurr$ ye>ly #aaa suicides2 9 ,belgium1 #dg2 9 ,d5m>k1 #bgf2 9 ,au/ria1 #fd2 9 ,prussia1 #abb2 9 ,saxony1 #bde2 9 ,bav>ia1 #gb2 9 ,hanov]1 #acg2 9 ,wrtemb]g1 #he2 9 ,bad51 #ajh2 9 ,hesse1 #acd2 9 ,meckl5burg1 #afb2 9 ,nassau1 #ajb2 9 ,portugal1 #g2 9 ,engl& & ,wales1 #fe2 9 ,hung>y1 #cj2 9 ,dalmatia1 #aa2 9 ,europe g5]ally1 #hd4 ,v notable diff]5ces may be obs]v$ 9 ^! figures4 ,! degree ( intellectual culture & social ref9em5t is ab\t ! same 9 ,saxony z 9 ,belgium1 yet ^! two c\ntries /& widely ap>t on ! record ( suicides1 ev5 if x be all[$ t ! e/imate = ,belgium is some:at too l[4 ,!re c be no d\bt t religion ex]cises a decid$ influ5ce 9 ?is matt]4 ,saxony is a ,prote/ant c\ntry1 :il/ ,belgium is ,ca?olic4 ,simil> div]g5ces exi/ 9 favor ( ,au/ria :5 comp>$ ) ,prussia1 & ( ,bav>ia comp>$ ) ,hanov]4 ,suicides are f> m frequ5t among/ ,prote/ants ?an among/ ,ca?olics4 ,! latt] possess 9 _! fai? f> m rem$ies aga9/ temptation to suicide ?an ! =m] are able to obta9 f !irs4 ,a ,prote/ant despairs m readily ?an a ,ca?olic4 ,^! rem>ks apply only to c\ntries at l>ge4 ,! great metropolises1 :i* may prop]ly be designat$ hot-b$s ( suicide1 mu/ be tak5 z exceptions1 because 9 !m practical religion easily dies out & _c ex]cise its usual influ5ce4 ,9 ! ye> #ahfe1 :5 ,p>is _h a population ( #a1hfc1jjj inhabitants1 !re 7 #gjf cases ( suicide1 t is1 "o to e #bfch2 9 ,vi5na1 ) a population ( #eej1jjj inhabitants1 !re 7 #aaj cases1 t is1 "o = e #ejjj2 9 ,london1 ) #c1jjj1jjj inhabitants1 !re 7 #bfg1 t is1 "o = e #aa1gae2 & 9 ,new ,york1 population #a1jie1jjj1 #cf cases ( suicide1 "o to e #bh1jjj inhabitants4 ,accord+ly1 ! greate/ numb] ( suicides is committ$ 9 ,p>is1 :]e reign ! highe/ degree ( social culture & ! mo/ rigor\s police surveillance1 & ! smalle/ numb] occurs 9 ,new ,york1 ! seat ( ! greate/ social & political lib]ty4 ,we may "h /ate1 z a g5]al rule1 t high intellectual culture is n a prev5tive ( suicide4 ,obs]vation %[s1 on ! contr>y1 t x is comp>atively mo/ frequ5t 9 c\ntries :]e ! enlight5m5t ( ! population has atta9$ ! highe/ po9t1 & t x occurs f> (t5] 9 cities ?an 9 rural di/ricts4 #fdf ,?is fact is unmi/akable evid5ce t moral improvem5t is n keep+ pace ) intellectual progress1 & t gov]nm5ts1 :il/ fur!r+ ! latt] ) increas+ zeal1 are n be/[+ suffici5t c>e on ! =m]4 ,f ! ye> #ahbf to ! ye> #ahfj1 suicides increas$ #acj p] c5t 9 ,france1 :il/ ! population increas$ b #ac p] c5t4 ,?is a/\nd+ circum/ance has be5 look$ ^u z attributable to ! advancem5t ( indu/ry & ! progress ( sci5ce & popul> education2 & no d\bt ju/ly1 if we consid] h[ mu* m frequ5tly suicide is committ$ 9 ! enlight5$ nor!rn & ea/]n dep>tm5ts ( ,france ?an 9 ! less progressive s\!rn & we/]n4 ,some?+ simil> is noticeable 9 ,g]many4 ,saxony & its neighbor+ prov9ces rank und5iably z high 9 g5]al education z any /ate 9 ,g]many2 b x is also to be rem>k$ t !y furni% ! l>ge/ numb] ( cases ( suicide2 :il/ 9 ! ,tyrol1 ,old ,bav>ia1 & o!r prov9ces ( a l[] grade ( g5]al education1 ! numb] is consid]ably less4 ,& if1 9 ! ,ca?olic p>ts ( ! ,rh5i% prov9ces & 9 ,we/phalia1 :i* are n beh9d ,saxony 9 g5]al culture1 suicides are ( less frequ5t occurr5ce1 we are only ju/ifi$ 9 attribut+ ! diff]5ce to ! happy influ5ce ( ! ,ca?olic religion4 ,q a peculi> discov]y f /ati/ics1 & "o t at fir/ ?\ght is r a/oni%+1 is ! fact t ! numb] ( suicides increases ) ! advance ( age1 & t ! proportion appe>s to be equal 9 ! two sexes4 ,x seems t indiff]5ce ab\t life & recklessness ab\t ! dread future become great] z ! ye>s ( life pass by4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 may be psy*ologically acc\nt$ = )\t inv5t+ = ! purpose a g5]al law1 accord+ to :i* suicides are suppos$ to be apportion$ to ! v>i\s ages ( human life4 ,we w n[ ca/ a glance at ! /ati/ics ( crimes4 ,accurate records ^u ?is subject1 publi%$ 9 ,engl&1 ,belgium1 & ,france dur+ a s]ies ( ye>s1 af=d u ample mat]ial = ?is inve/igation4 ,simil> records1 comm5c$ at a lat] p]iod1 h be5 kept 9 ! ,ne!rl&s1 9 ,bav>ia1 9 ,bad5 & o!r /ates2 & s9ce #ahed1 ! ,prussian ,m9i/ry ( ,ju/ice has1 e second or ?ird ye>1 publi%$ a ?or\gh report ( ! proce$+s ( ! crim9al c\rts ( t k+dom4 ,x is impracticable1 h[ev]1 to e/abli% a comp>ison betwe5 diff]5t c\ntries on ?is po9t1 z v notable diff]5ces exi/ betwe5 !m ) respect to _! laws & _! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice4 ,we are consequ5tly compell$ to conf9e our obs]vations to "o c\ntry4 ,we *oose ,prussia z x 0 be=e #ahff1 because its v>i\s prov9ces pres5t a v>iety ( =ms ( religion1 nationalities1 degrees ( education1 indu/ry1 & comm]ce1 :i* af=ds an excell5t opportunity = in/itut+ comp>isons4 ,moreov]1 ! same code is ev]y:]e 9 use1 except+ 9 ! ,rh5i% prov9ces1 :]e ! ,napoleonic is e/abli%$4 ,! foll[+ table exhibits ! numb] ( crim9als1 ) _! religi\s pr(essions1 z arraign$ be=e ! crim9al c\rts ( ,prussia f #ahee to #ahfb3 ,accus$4 ,evangelicals4 ,ca?olics4 ,jews4 #ahee #hjhi #dgdc #cbde #hd #ahef #hgbb #eaaf #ceji #hg #aheg #fbfj #cfeh #bdic #aje #aheh #diie #cjch #ahgj #ha #ahei #eaib #cjhc #bjbd #hb #ahfj #ebhc #cafd #bjbh #he #ahfa #egbj #ccjh #bcai #hh #ahfb #efij #cchb #bcbg #gf ,av]age #fbdd #cfhf #bdgg #hf #fdg ,on an av]age1 f eighte5 to n9ete5 p] c5t ( ! accus$ 7 e ye> pron\nc$ n guilty4 ,x might naturally be expect$ t1 9 ! case ( special crimes1 ! ratio ( ^? acquitt$ to ^? condemn$ w\ld v>y greatly4 ,?us1 ( #ajj accus$ ( !ft1 an av]age ( #f 0 acquitt$2 ( s]i\s injury done to ! p]son1 an av]age ( #be2 ( murd]1 ab\t #af2 ( violation ( (ficial obligations1 ab\t #cf2 ( p]jury1 upw>d ( #da4 ,by calculat+ :at proportion ( ! accus$ f #ahei to #ahfb belong$ to ea* ( ! above-m5tion$ religi\s d5om9ations1 we f9d t ( ! ,jews !re 0 "o accus$ = e #bigh inhabitants2 "o ,ca?olic = e #cjhg1 & "o ,prote/ant = e #cdae4 ,h5ce1 ! accus$ 7 mo/ num]\s among/ ! ,jews2 lea/ num]\s among/ ! ,prote/ants4 ,! unfavorable position "h assign$ to ! ,ca?olics is acc\nt$ = by ! fact t l>ge figures ref] to ! ea/]n prov9ces ( ,prussia1 :i* are inhabit$ 9 a great measure by ,ca?olic ,sclaves1 ) little culture & v mu* impov]i%$4 ,a consid]able diff]5ce is obs]vable 9 ! prov9ces4 ,! av]age ( a p]iod ( f\r ye>s 7#ahei-ahfb7 c\nts #a accus$ = e #bcde 9 ,silesia1 #bejc 9 ,pos51 #bhec 9 ,br&5burg1 #caja 9 ,prussia prop]1 #djef 9 ,pom]ania1 #ddcf 9 ,saxony1 #dhfc 9 ,we/phalia1 #ejie 9 ! ,rh5i% prov9ce4 ,! ea/]n prov9ces pres5t a sadd] condition ?an ! we/]n4 ,un=tunately ! /ati/ical tables give u no in=mation conc]n+ ! nationality ( ! accus$4 ,b1 if we conf9e our inve/igation to ,rh9el& & ,we/phalia1 :]e ! population is purely ,g]man1 ! result w be f\nd altoge!r 9 favor ( ,ca?olicity4 ,! c5sus ( ^! two prov9ces1 includ+ ,hoh5zoll]n1 am\nt$ 9 #ahfa to #a1dgd1ebj ,prote/ants & #c1cac1gji ,ca?olics4 ,dur+ a t]m ( five ye>s1 7#aheh-ahfb17 #adfc ,evangelicals & #cach ,ca?olics appe>$ be=e ! tribunals1 mak+ #a = #ejce ,evangelicals & #a = #ebhj ,ca?olics4 ,:5ce we inf] t nationality1 want ( education1 & pov]ty produce effects 9 ! ea/]n prov9ces :i* _c be f\nd :]e ,ca?olics & ,prote/ants are on an equality 9 ^? respects4 ,! comp>ison seems to be specially favorable to ! ,ca?olic prov9ces :5 ! infliction ( puni%m5t ^u ! guilty is consid]$4 ,= great (f5ces1 ! puni%m5t is p5it5ti>y2 = less (f5ces1 imprisonm5t4 ,n[1 al?\gh 9 #ahee ! numb] ( accus$ 0 mu* great] among/ ! ,ca?olics ?an among/ ! ,prote/ants1 nev]!less !re 0 b "o p5it5ti>y culprit = #hdcj inhabitants 9 ,rh9el& & ,we/phalia1 :il/ 9 ! ,prote/ant prov9ces !re 0 #a = #dagi4 ,h5ce1 ! numb] ( p5it5ti>y culprits 9 ^! latt] be+ d\ble argues likewise great] crimes4 ,! =ego+ /ati/ics ( crim9als1 consid]$ ) respect to cre$1 enable u to =m a conclusion 9 reg>d to ! influ5ce ( ! p>ticul> =m ( religion ^u ! dispositions ( m54 ,among/ ,ca?olics1 ! crimes peculi> to y\? seem to pr$om9ate1 :il/ among/ ,prote/ants !y are ! crimes ( mature & ( advanc$ age4 ,! =m] appe> to decrease ) ! advance ( intellectual culture & improvem5t 9 temporal welf>e1 :il/ ! latt]1 on ! contr>y1 appe> to become m num]\s4 #fdh ,fur!r figures might be giv5 %[+ t ! majority ( crim9als belong to ! labor+ classes1 & t ! inc5tives to crime are want & abs5ce ( tra9+ among/ ! work+ p1 & dissipation & luxury 9 high] ranks ( society4 ,we w1 h[ev]1 cont5t ourselves ) :at has be5 /at$1 & proce$ to discuss ! conclusions :i* mat]iali/s draw f su* data4 ,at ! pres5t day1 mat]iali/s conclude1 f su* facts & figures z ^!1 t ! volition ( man is n free4 ,!y pret5d t x is impossible to expla9 ! regul>ity ) :i* acts1 seem+ly volunt>y & delib]ate1 are elicit$1 unless we accept ! conclusion t free w is a m]e fiction ( ! imag9ation1 & t sci5ce inevitably =ces u to ! conviction t all human acts dep5d on :at !y designate a law ( nature4 ,!y say t su* a degree ( ord] 9 ! occurr5ce ( human acts c\ld n possibly result f ! unbias$ p[] ( self-det]m9ation4 ,!y reject ! di/9ction betwe5 nature & man z a be+ p>tly spiritual1 & consid] him z a purely mat]ial product ( nature1 subject$1 l animals1 plants1 & m9]als1 to g5]al laws1 )\t ! p[] ( ex]cis+ ! slighte/ influ5ce on 8 own de/9y4 ,& ?is outcry aga9/ free-w is rais$ by m5 9 e dep>tm5t ( sci5ce1 by naturali/s1 philosoph]s1 hi/orians1 physicians1 & juri/s4 ,says ,buckle1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,civilization1 speak+ ( ! evid5ces ( moral /ati/ics3 ,9 c]ta9 conditions ( society a l>ge proportion ( m5 mu/ put an end to _! own exi/5ce4 ,su* is ! g5]al law4 ,! special inquiry z to :o is to commit ! crime dep5ds1 ( c\rse1 ^u p>ticul> laws1 :i*1 9 _! unit$ en]gies1 mu/ obey ! g5]al law to :i* !y are subord9ate4 ,& ! =ce ( ! high] law is s irresi/ible t nei!r ! atta*m5t to life nor ! dread ( ! future c to any degree h9d] its execution4 ,dankw>t decl>es boldly3 ,man is n a free ag5t4 ,he is j z little responsible = any ( 8 de$s z a /one :i*1 9 ob$i5ce to ! law ( gravitation1 falls ^u "o's head4 ,! crim9al act 0 ! necess>y developm5t ( a law ( nature4 ,:at are we to say 9 reply to ^! attacks8 ,are ! facts ( /ati/ics really s decisive & conv9c+ z to compel u to ab&on ! "t-honor$ dogma ( ,free-,w1 to :i* ! noble/ & l(tie/ m9ds ( all ages h s t5aci\sly adh]$8 ,c ^? impos+ arrays ( figures op]ate 9 u to ! conviction t1 :5 a man contracts m>riage1 commits a crime1 puts an end to 8 own life1 or p]=ms any o!r act1 he necess>ily foll[s a univ]sal law ( nature1 & _c1 !re=e1 be held responsible = 8 de$8 ,d ! acts ( m5 ent] into ! economy ( nature l ebb & fl[ ( tide1 day & night1 summ] & w9t]8 ,x is n our purpose to ent] into deep philosophical disquisitions on free-w4 ,its mat]iali/ adv]s>ies ignore all philosophical speculation4 ,!y occupy !mselves exclusively ) facts--visible1 palpable facts--& ^u ?is vantage-gr\nd we int5d to oppose !m4 ,our task1 !n1 9 ! pres5t in/ance1 is to demon/rate t ! conclusions drawn f ! giv5 premises are unw>rant$ & errone\s2 t ! regul>ity 9 ! recurr5ce ( c]ta9 acts c be satisfactorily acc\nt$ = by o!r causes1 )\t hav+ rec\rse to a my/]i\s law ( nature2 & la/ly1 t !re are _m facts :i*1 ev5 )\t free-w1 are problems n less difficult to solve4 #fdi ,9 exam9+ ! me?od by :i* our adv]s>ies draw inf]5ces f facts1 we %all f9d t _! logic is 9 contradiction to all ! laws ( correct ?9k+4 ,n all acts are free1 !re=e "s acts are n free1 is a prop] conclusion2 b "s acts are n free1 !re=e all acts are n free2 :o w\ld admit su* a conclusion8 ,z an illu/ration1 let u take ano!r example f /ati/ics4 ,accord+ to ! te/imony ( /ati/ics1 ( #ijh1jjj families 9 ,belgium1 only #hi1fcj 7 9 good circum/ances 9 ! ye> #aheg4 #cgc1jjj 7 9 a v /rait5$ condition2 #ddf1jjj 7 9 d[nright mis]y4 ,9 all probability1 ! same relative situation may be f\nd exi/+ ?r\gh a s]ies ( ye>s4 ,n[1 :at w\ld ! enemies ( free-w say to ! foll[+ reason+3 ,9 ,belgium1 ! masses are 9 pov]ty1 !re=e all ,belgians are poor2 afflu5ce does n exi/ at all 9 ,belgium8 ,is n ! foll[+ reason+ ( !irs id5tically ! same3 ,9 m>riages1 suicides1 crimes1 & o!r human acts1 ! influ5ce ( free-w is imp]ceptible1 z %[n by /ati/ics2 !re=e1 ^! acts are n free2 !re=e1 ! influ5ce ( free-w is impossible 9 all acts2 !re is no free-w at all8 ,we might ev51 = argum5t's sake1 grant--:i*1 ( c\rse1 we d n--t ! above-m5tion$ acts are n free1 )\t !reby do+ away ) free-w 9 numb]less o!r human acts4 ,b ?is is n ! only logical blund] made by our oppon5ts4 ,!y inf] f ! de$ to ! volition4 ,! de$ is n free1 !re=e nei!r is ! volition4 ,d ! de$ & ! volition always correspond s p]fectly t we may1 "u all circum/ances1 inf] f ! =m] to ! latt]8 ,! v fact t 9 trials be=e c\rts ext5uat+ circum/ances are s /rongly insi/$ ^u1 is pro( positive t ! de$ & ! volition are n always id5tical4 ,x is a long way f delib]ation to decision1 & f decision to execution4 ,we may n m inf] f ! de$ to ! volition ?an f ! volition to ! de$4 ,h[ absurd to inf] f ! volition to ! de$6 ,& %\ld ! rev]se be m logical8 ,:at does exp]i5ce %[--9 trials1 = example8 ,a man is murd]$1 = in/ance4 ,9 "o case1 ! evid5ce %[s t ! murd]] _h h>bor$ 8 d>k design = ye>s1 until f9ally a favorable mom5t pres5t$ itself = ! execution4 ,9 ano!r case1 x w appe> t1 9 a casual qu>rel1 a man dealt a mortal bl[ to ano!r1 p]haps ev5 to 8 fri5d1 )\t int5d+ to d x6 ,! crim9al c\rts ( all c\ntries pres5t multitudes ( su* in/ances4 ,x is ! /ati/ician's prov9ce to note ! de$1 b n ! volition2 & h5ce1 s\nd logic w nev] p]mit inf]5ces 9 reg>d to ! volition to be drawn f /ati/ical facts4 ,let u n[ exam9e ! f\ndation on :i* argum5ts aga9/ ! fre$om ( man's w are bas$4 ,?is f\ndation is ! regul>ity ) :i* ! a=esaid acts h be5 obs]v$ to recur1 z if )9 ! range ( a high] & wid] law4 ,h[ h /ati/icians discov]$ ?is regul>ity8 ,evid5tly only by summ+ up facts z !y took place )9 a p]iod ( "s duration1 & ov] an ext5sive range ( t]ritory1 a process by :i* ! actual diff]5ces 7 entirely put out ( sight4 ,we le>n$ above t1 f #ahee to #ahfb1 a ye>ly av]age ( #fbdd crim9als 0 arraign$ be=e ! crim9al c\rts ( ,prussia4 ,b p>ticul> ye>s fall wide ( ?is av]age figure4 ,?us1 9 #ahef1 ! numb] 0 #hgbb1 t is1 #bejj m ?an ! av]age2 9 #aheh1 ! numb] 0 #diie1 t is1 m ?an #acjj less ?an ! av]age2 & ! total ( ! diff]5ce ( ^! ye>s1 #chjj4 #fej ,x w\ld seem t ?is might z tru?fully be call$ irregul>ity z regul>ity4 ,if1 9 ,prussia1 crimes are m]ely ! necess>y consequ5ces ( a natural law1 & ( political & social circum/ances1 c x be reasonably believ$ t ^! und]w5t s great a *ange 9 ! space ( two ye>s t ! numb] ( crimes 0 dim9i%$ by "o half8 ,x is impossible to draw f su* premises conclusions /rong en\gh to uproot convictions plant$ z deeply 9 ! human brea/ z is t ( ! fre$om ( man's w4 ,ext]nal circum/ances may inde$ h und]gone *anges )9 two ye>s1 /ill ^! *anges are n suffici5t ( !mselves to acc\nt = su* v>iations 9 /ati/ical figures z we h above quot$4 ,^! c be acc\nt$ = only by tak+ into consid]ation ! fre$om ( ! human w1 :i* may be influ5c$1 9 a measure1 by ext]nal circum/ances1 b n necess>ily controll$4 ,b grant t a c]ta9 regul>ity is p]ceptible 9 human acts4 ,und\bt$ly #hgbb & #diie come ne>] to ! av]age figure1 #fbdd1 ?an w\ld #abjj & #ejj4 ,/ill ! regul>ity may be expla9$ )\t subject+ all human acts to ! influ5ce ( a law ( necessity4 ,x is on acc\nt ( ! po9t ( view f :i* /ati/icians exam9e facts t _! regul>ity appe>s s rem>kably great1 & _! diff]5ces s immat]ially small4 ,we w illu/rate :at we mean by a comp>ison4 ,by /&+ on ! br9k ( a riv]1 we he> ! pla%+ & p]ceive ! motion ( its wat]s4 ,by go+ to a m\nta9-top1 at a di/ance f ! /ream1 we nei!r he> a s\nd nor obs]ve a motion4 ,n[1 c\ld we1 :il/ /&+ on ! m\nta9-top1 reasonably say1 ,be=e1 z we /ood on ! br9k ( ! /ream1 we imag9$ t ! wat] 0 9 motion & produc$ a s\nd b 9 ?is elevat$ position1 f :i* we see ! /ream = miles1 we discov] t we 7 mi/ak52 ! /ream is evid5tly sil5t & )\t motion8 ,:]e lies ! mi/ake 9 ?is in/ance8 & :]e ! tru?8 ,is n ! case ( ! /ati/ician ! same8 ,if1 view+ ?+s f 8 elevat$ /&-po9t1 he fails to recognize ! free-w ( ! individual1 is ! cause to be f\nd 9 ! abs5ce ( all free volition1 or is x n r ow+ to 8 hav+ tak5 too high a /&-po9t8 ,9 ord] to obta9 correct in=mation conc]n+ ! mat]ial creation1 we mu/ ent] into details1 & c>efully exam9e s+le specim5s2 h5ce ! importance ( ! microscope 9 natural sci5ces4 ,& :y %all we pass by ! individual altoge!r1 & g5]alize our obs]vations1 :5 we und]take ! /udy ( moral ph5om5a8 ,surely1 !re c be no reason = proce$+ ?us4 ,no man look+ f a high t[] ^u a flock ( %eep c expect to obta9 accurate k ( _! animal nature & con=mation4 ,quetelet1 ! f\nd] ( ! sci5ce ( moral /ati/ics1 & its mo/ tal5t$ repres5tative1 expresses himself z foll[s ^u ! "q at issue3 ,i d n believe t1 9 view ( su* evid5ces1 ! fre$om ( ! human w c be d5i$4 ,i only ?9k t x is greatly limit$1 &1 9 social affairs1 plays ! rle ( an accid5tal cause4 ,accord+ly1 by n consid]+ individual cases1 & by tak+ ?+s summ>ily & 9 bulk1 x w appe> t ! influ5ces ( accid5tal causes neutralize ea* o!r 9 su* a mann] z to let none b real causes1 9 virtue ( :i* society exi/s1 appe>4 #fea ,! ,supreme ,be+ has wisely put limits to our moral p[]s1 z well z to ! physical1 9 ord] to h9d] man f encroa*+ ^u 8 et]nal laws4 ,! possibility ( f\nd+ a sci5ce ( moral /ati/ics1 & ( draw+ useful inf]5ces f x1 dep5ds ma9ly on ! fact t1 z soon z obs]vations are made ^u a l>ge numb] ( individuals1 ! human w retires & manife/s no p]ceptible influ5ce4 ,! action ( ! free-w ( man is1 9 reality1 conf9$ )9 v n>r[ limits4 ,! less a man kn[s1 ! few] mu/ be ! objects ( 8 volition & ( 8 desire4 ,mo/ m5 h1 9 ?is respect1 b a v n>r[ range4 ,x is ! poor & ! illit]ate :o ev]y:]e compose ! bulk ( ! population1 & x is ?is bulk precisely t ! /ati/ician is oblig$ to consid]4 ,! p[] ( execution is /ill m limit$4 ,= execut+1 ability & means are requir$1 :i*1 h[ev]1 9 innum]able in/ances1 are f\nd insuffici5t4 ,b ev5 ?\gh ! w & ! p[] to execute be limit$1 fre$om ( volition may /ill exi/4 ,= we speak ( ! fre$om ( a m]ely human w1 & man is by nature a limit$1 n an inf9ite1 be+4 ,! fre$om ( man's w c be made available only )9 ! limits plac$ ab\t ! individual4 ,! individual c w only t :i* he has k (1 & d t :i* he has ! means to d4 ,n]o once wi%$ t ! :ole ,roman p _h b "o head1 t at a s+le bl[ he might /rike x (f4 ,x 0 simply ! wi% ( a tyrant gone crazy4 ,x is pretty ne>ly ! same ) free-w z ) un5cumb]$ bodily motion4 ,we h x 9 our p[] to w&] 9 e direction ^u ! globe1 b ! globe itself we _c leave4 ,x revolves ab\t ! c5tre ( ! planet>y sy/em1 & c>ries u ) x 9 its c>e]4 ,9 ! same mann] c we possess fre$om ( volition & ( do+2 b /ep beyond ! limits ( our nature we _c1 & = ?is v reason1 says ,quetelet1 does ! influ5ce ( free-w disappe> :5 l>g] gr\ps become ! object ( obs]vation4 ,! transition f ! w to ! de$ dep5ds on ! objective possibility ( accompli%+ ! de$4 ,ext]nal circum/ances mu/ be consid]$2 at times !y are favorable1 at times aga9 !y are unfavorable4 ,any man c elevate 8 ?\ghts to ,god4 ,! w becomes ! de$ =?)4 ,b rais+ 8 h&s 9 pray] is q ano!r ?+4 ,?is c be done only by a man :o has ! free use ( 8 memb]s4 ,we may inf] f a glance at ! /ati/ics ( m>riages & crimes1 h[ mu* ! execution ( ! w dep5ds ^u ext]nal circum/ances4 ,we quot$ above t1 among e #aj1jjj inhabitants1 !re are usually #hg m>riages 9 ,prussia1 #hb 9 ,saxony1 & only #ff 9 ,bav>ia4 ,n[ ! "q arises1 ,is !re less incl9ation to m>riage among/ "y p 9 ,saxony & ,bav>ia ?an 9 ,prussia1 or does ! law ( necessity1 suppos$ to control su* ev5ts1 cease to be 9 =ce :5 x rea*es ! b\nd>ies ( ,bav>ia8 ,n at all4 ,! diff]5ce is simply ?is4 ,9 ,prussia x only requires two p>ties1 a bride & a groom1 = a m>riage contract1 :il/ 9 ,bav>ia x requires ?ree1 a bride1 a groom1 & a function>y ( ! police dep>tm5t1 &1 z ev]ybody kn[s1 x is h>d] = ?ree to come to an agreem5t ?an = two4 ,besides ^! legal h9d]ances1 !re are _m o!rs t oppose ! w to m>ry4 ,we h only to look ab\t to notice !m4 #feb ,"o man may h ! w to m>ry1 b _c f9d a suitable mat*2 ano!r may n be able to obta9 ! cons5t ( 8 p>5ts2 a ?ird may n h a suffici5t livelihood2 a f\r? may be prev5t$ f m>riage by w>1 by sickness or any o!r cause4 ,!y all may h ! w to get m>ri$1 b ext]nal circum/ances d n p]mit x4 ,ext]nal circum/ances ex]t a simil> influ5ce ^u crimes4 ,/ati/ics %[ t five times m m5 ?an wom5 are arraign$ = crimes4 ,are we to suppose h5ce t wom5 are s mu* bett] ?an m58 ,h>dly4 ,! numb] ( wom5 crim9ally dispos$ _c surely be mu* less ?an t ( m52 b wom5 want ! ability1 ! means1 & ! adv5tur\s _s necess>y to c>ry out _! evil designs4 ,9 ye>s ( fam9e1 z ! numb] ( m>riages decreases1 t ( !ft increases4 ,9 ,france1 9 #ahdf1 a ye> ( pl5ty1 #ca1gfh p]sons 7 convict$ ( l>c5y4 ,9 #ahdg1 a ye> ( sc>city1 ! figure rose to #da1fbf1 & ! ye> aft]1 x fell aga9 to #cj1jjj4 ,simil> facts might be quot$ = ,engl&4 ,:at becomes ( ! law ( nature 9 pres5ce ( su* evid5ces8 ,/>vation is some?+ exce$+ly natural1 if y w2 b if a man pref]s />v+ to /eal+1 he w n be dragg$ be=e ! tribunals4 ,9 #ahcf & #ahcg1 !re 0 great di/ress 9 ,engl&1 dur+ :i* _m di$ ( />vation4 ,_m _h n ! w to prolong _! lives by /eal+1 _m o!rs _h n ! *ance4 ,no /ati/ical record c acqua9t u ) ! ratio ( ^? :o _h n ! w1 to ^? :o _h n ! *ance2 :5ce we are au?oriz$ to argue t no inf]5ce c be drawn f su* records reg>d+ ! w ( m54 ,x is inconte/able t ! individual is greatly influ5c$ by ! social1 moral1 religi\s1 dome/ic1 & intellectual circum/ances 9 :i* he happ5s to be plac$4 ,/ill x _c be conc$$ t ^! circum/ances d away ) ! fre$om ( man's w4 ,true en\gh1 m5 p]mit !mselves to be controll$1 9 a great measure1 by ! circumscrib$ relations ( private life1 b !y d s = ! v purpose ( rema9+ 9 ^? relations4 ,!re are _m cases 9 :i* m5 see no motive = )draw+ f "u ! influ5ce ( exi/+ circum/ances4 ,sacrifices are ev5 made to exi/+ circum/ances 9 ord] t !y may cont9ue ! same4 ,z = in/ance1 9 ! case ( tax-pay+4 ,we may compla9 l\dly ( ! burd5 ( taxes1 /ill we pay !m4 ,%\ld we h a m9d n to pay !m1 we leave ! c\ntry = ano!r less oppress$4 ,! man t rema9s pays 8 taxes unwill+ly inde$1 yet ( 8 own free-w4 ,unwill+ness does n preclude free-w4 ,! n>r[] ! circum/ances1 ! m limit$ ! education1 ! l[] ! rank ( a man1 ! great] are 8 ef=ts to accommodate himself to circum/ances2 & vice v]sa1 ! great] 8 weal? & ! high] 8 education1 ! m indep5d5t is he4 ,9 ,european c\ntries1 a son usually adopts ! pr(ession ( 8 fa!r4 ,! son ( a f>m] becomes a f>m]1 & ! son ( a me*anic becomes a me*anic4 ,/ati/icians might easily adduce impos+ columns ( figures to prove ?is1 & ! enemies ( free-w might call x a law ( necessity4 ,yet :at multitudes ( exceptions are !re n8 ,?\s&s submit to ! circum/ances t surr\nd !m at _! bir?1 nev]!less !re w always be a few :o w n submit4 ,^! w /ruggle & pu% _! way into ! highe/ positions ( life4 #fec ,:5 nature & natural laws are alone 9 op]ation1 & !re is no int]f]5ce on ! "p ( man1 natural circum/ances cont9ue ! same dur+ c5turies4 ,at ! pres5t "t ! ,amazon riv] pres5ts ab\t ! same appe>ance z :5 ! fir/ :ite m5 paddl$ _! frail canoe along its luxuriant banks4 ,! h& ( man has made b few *anges4 ,b )9 ! same space ( "t ! ,mississippi & its tribut>ies h und]gone ! mo/ a/oni%+ *anges4 ,fl\ri%+ t[ns n[ occupy ! =m] pa/ure-gr\nd ( ! buffalo1 & :]e ! alligator once held undi/urb$ possession1 are n[ to be se5 gold5 acres ( corn & sn[y fields ( cotton4 ,x w\ld be h>d to recognize 9 ! ,g]mania ( ,tacitus ! ,g]many ( ! pres5t day4 ,soil & climate h bo? und]gone *anges4 ,7 m5 controll$ by laws ( necessity l ! re/ ( creatures1 !y nev] w\ld h be5 able to effect ^! modifications ( physical nature4 ,!re is a pr9ciple 9 man :i* o!r creatures want4 ,toge!r ) und]/&+1 he is end[$ ) a free-w ^: action is always p]ceptible :]e man engages 9 an unusual /ruggle ) nature4 ,mu* ado is made ab\t ! influ5ce ( ! social1 dome/ic1 & religi\s condition ( ! masses ^u ! individual4 ,x is said t 8 action is necess>ily direct$ & controll$ by ?is influ5ce4 ,b we w\ld "k :o creates ^! p>ticul> conditions--:o br+s !m ab\t--& :o *anges !m8 ,ev]ybody kn[s t elephants are v sagaci\s animals4 ,b ! elephants employ$ n[adays 9 ,india = ! *ase & o!r purposes are n a :it m sagaci\s nor a :it less /upid ?an ^? :i* ,k+ ,porus employ$ 9 ! w> aga9/ ,alex&] ! ,great1 #bjjj ye>s ago4 ,_h elephants be5 end[$ ) und]/&+ & free-w1 !y w\ld1 9 all probability1 h made "s little progress )9 #bjjj ye>s4 ,we nev] speak ( intellect1 morals1 & religion :5 animals are ! subject ( consid]ation2 we only speak ( _! natural condition1 & ?is circum/ance alone %[s t we mu/ n look ^u man z a m]e "p ( mat]ial nature1 "u ! same necess>y laws4 ,s f> z ! body is conc]n$1 he belongs to mat]ial nature1 & und]goes its influ5ce2 b1 z to ! _s1 he rises above nature1 & = ?is v reason1 ent]s into a conte/ ) nature1 & triumphs4 ,! f]tile m>%es ( ,holl& & ,friesl& are n a gift f ! ocean1 b man has wre/$ !m f ! ocean2 !y are ! creation ( 8 m9d & inv9cible /r5g? ( w4 ,we sev]al times be=e made m5tion ( ! happy influ5ce ( ,ca?olicity ^u its adh]5ts4 ,mo/ ,ca?olics1 x is true1 belong to ! communion by virtue ( _! desc5t f ,ca?olic p>5ts1 &1 ?us f>1 ?is may be call$ a natural circum/ance4 ,b ?is same circum/ance is br\ght ab\t by ! delib]ate & free w ( ?\s&s ( p]sons :o 9 ,engl&1 ,g]many1 & ,am]ica are annually return+ to ! old *ur*4 ,somebody might p]haps imag9e a conv]sion-law1 accord+ to :i* a c]ta9 numb] ( ,prote/ants mu/ inevitably become ,ca?olics e ye>4 ,x seems to u t ! sci5ce ( moral /ati/ics has be5 turn$ aga9/ ! dogma ( free-w1 *iefly because /ati/icians h direct$ _! att5tion to su* facts only z are mo/ imm$iately "u ! control ( ext]nal circum/ances4 ,_h !y select$ o!r facts1 ! result w\ld n h l$ m5 s easily to =m conclusions oppos$ to ! fre$om ( ! human w4 #fed ,we w give an example4 ,france is a ,ca?olic c\ntry4 ,!re are #ce1jjj1jjj ( ,ca?olics 9 ,france4 ,x is cu/om>y among/ ,ca?olics to g to confession4 ,we suppose x w\ld n be putt+ ! figure too high if we said t ab\t #ajj1jjj1jjj confessions are he>d annually 9 ,france4 ,e /ati/ician w readily grant t 9 ,france1 & 9 e ,ca?olic c\ntry1 ! aggregate ( ! confessions w be ne>ly alike = diff]5t ye>s--& t ! proportions ( m5 & wom51 & ! v>iances = ! diff]5t seasons1 mon?s1 days1 etc41 w pres5t a decid$ appe>ance ( regul>ity4 ,n[1 w\ld ,buckle be ready to say3 ,9 ! pres5t condition ( ,france1 "o hundr$ millions ( confessions mu/ take place e ye>4 ,?is is ! g5]al law4 ,! p>ticul> inquiry z to :o is to g to confession dep5ds1 ( c\rse1 on special laws ^: unit$ =ces mu/1 h[ev]1 obey ! g5]al laws to :i* !y are subord9ate4 ,& ! =ce ( ! g5]al law is s irresi/ible1 t nei!r fe> ( ! prie/ nor ! imp5it5ce ( man c ex]t ! slighte/ influ5ce = ! h9d]ance ( its action8 ,we are incl9$ to ?9k ! mat]iali/ic hi/orian w\ld h hesitat$ a :ile be=e rang+ confession "u ! economy ( nature4 ,be=e conclud+1 !re are two m facts :i* we beg p]mission simply to /ate4 ,mat]iali/s believe 9 facts4 ,!y say t !re is no effect )\t a cause1 & t ! effect corresponds ) ! cause4 ,n[1 x is an und5iable fact1 t e man t has atta9$ ! use ( reason believes 8 w to be free4 ,h[ w mat]iali/s acc\nt = ?is fact8 ,! belief 9 ! fre$om ( ! w is an effect--! effect ( :at8--( real necessity8 ,we ?\ght ! effect %\ld correspond ) ! cause4 ,= c5turies m5 h believ$ _! w free1 & = c5turies crim9als h be5 held responsible = _! de$s1 & h be5 puni%$--& lo6 n[ ! /ati/ician does away ) free-w altoge!r6 ,x is pla9 t ?is mode ( blott+ out free-w is m]ely a cunn+ b errone\s piece ( calculation4 ,! second fact is ?is3 ,z (t5 z a reaction foll[s ^u a p]iod ( great] political & social fre$om 9 a /ate1 x has be5 rem>k$ t at once ! numb] ( bir?s decreases & t ( dea?s increases4 ,x 0 ! case 9 ,france 9 #ahed1 & 9 ,prussia 9 #ahee4 ,f ?is fact we inf] t lib]ty is ! atmosph]e t suits ! nature ( populations be/1 & fur!rs _! increase mo/4 ,if ?is is ! case1 c we1 9 consequ5ce ( ! mi/ak5 evid5ces ( /ati/ics1 refuse individual man ! faculty ( free-w1 :i* mu/ be ! basis & condition ( e o!r k9d ( lib]ty8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,"o m obs]vation4 ,! free-w ( man is "o ( ! fundam5tal dogmas ( ,*ri/ian1 & 9 p>ticul>1 ( ,ca?olic fai?4 ,we h se5 :at c be advanc$ aga9/ x on ! evid5ce ( moral /ati/ics4 ,b ! case ( /ati/ics is l t ( _m o!r sci5ces4 ,its results1 at fir/1 appe> oppos$ to ,ca?olic fai?1 & ! enemies ( ! *ur* beg9 to %\t ) joy at ! victory ( ,sci5ce ov] ,sup]/ition4 ,b :5 m closely inspect$1 ! new facts & developm5ts are n only n[h]e 9 contradiction to fai?1 b are (t5 f\nd to agree ) & ev5 to aid 9 sub/antiat+ x4 ---------- #fee ,f ,! ,fr5* ,( ,m>ie ,j5na4 ,! ,volunte]s ,= ,pius ,,ix4 ,bo? f ,rome & ,france ^! m5 h e>n$ a radiant cr[n ( m]it2 ,z !y drew _! sword ( fire1 all hell1 ) trembl+1 saw its fla%+s4 ,:at _! "n8 ,"o--,*ri/ians6 ,fe> no m :5 su* h come to gu>d !e1 ,?rone & home ( ,pius6 ,on !y came1 ^? boa/]s1 f$ by ,rap9e1 arm$ by drivell+ ,folly1 ,eag] to pr(ane ) blood-/a9$ h&s ! apo/olic alt>4 ,!y 7 met4 ,& n[1 z ev]1 at ?y gates1 ,o holy ,city6 ,hate by ,love is conqu]$4 ,at ?y pure & sacr$ maje/y !y d>$1 ,o holy ,pontiff6 ,d>$ to mock ) cries defiant2 & l wolves = blood 7 ?ir/+-- ,?9e6 ,no1 nev]6 ,?\ ha/ drunk en\gh ( ,suff]+'s bitt] *alice4 ,fa!r6 look--?y *ildr56 ,^! = !e h gladly quitt$ wives & mo!rs1 home & c\ntry3 ,:5 ! clamor\s da/>ds cri$1 ,d[n ) ! ,pope6 !n ^!1 upris+1 ,clut*$ _! arms1 & %\ld] unto %\ld] m>*$4 ,fe> n6 !y %\t$1 ,we w come & save !e6 ,9 _! faces gleam$ ! sacr$ fire t burns 9 brea/s ( ,fr5*m56 ,if b "o ( !m %\ld fall--= !e ! boon ( life disda9+-- ,f _! c\ntry's bord]s !re w\ld rise ^u ! morr[ morn+ ,?\s&s to av5ge !m4 ,only t "o day1 at lea/1 ! ,*ri/ian phalanx--s]ri$ closely1 ,s t he>t may beat to he>t--c\ld "k t ?\ ha/ gaz$ ^u !m2 ,only t ! ,holy ,*ur* 9 pray] _! names w once rememb]1 ,dea? !y gladly welcome4 ,holy ,fa!r1 keep ?y d\ble sceptre & ?y /a9less glory6 ,rome is sp>$ to !e & ?\ to ,rome4 ,n yet1 ,o sacr$ exile6 ,heav5 w claim !e soon en\gh1 & !n1 b]eav$ ( ?y de> pres5ce1 ,we %all be ! exiles4 #fef ,yes2 ! ,*ri/ian _w has sworn t ?\ f ,rome %alt n be driv51 ,z a gage x s5ds ^! dauntless h]oes =w>d to ?y rescue4 ,look ^u !m4 ,m>k t /eady tread1 ^? eyes t fla% =? victory4 ,raise ?y h& & bless !m6 ,on to triumph1 cavali]s ( ,*ri/6 ,yea1 ,"l1 = !e !y conqu]1 ,:5 !y ov]come ! enemies ( him :o repres5ts !e4 ,c\nt ?is fai?ful b&1 ,o ,?\ :o 9 ?9e h\r ( d]eliction ,saw all ?9e des]t !e6 ,y ^: de> & sacr$ memory is ^u our he>ts engrav5-- ,y1 :o 7 ! eld] bre?r5 ( ?is y\?ful b& ( h]oes-- ,y1 :o bore ! :ite cross bann] till ! h&s ( all fell lifeless ,at ,ca/elfid>do-- ,y 7 !re6 ,& m ?an "o ( ^! beheld y\r glori\s spirits ,hov]+ o'er !m z !y pr\dly fell & yield$ up _! life-blood1 ,wait+ ) ! cr[ns & palms prep>$ = su* z %\ld be honor$ ,s to die & conqu]4 ,happy ye1 ,o *os5 ones6 y\r dea? is fruitful4 ,ev] pass+ ,?r\gh ! _w ! ,*ur* broadca/s h] se$ 9 sadness2 ,h>ve/+ 9 turn ) ov]fl[+ h&s ^u ! places ,s[n ) blood ( m>tyrs4 ,mo!rs1 wives1 !y come n back1 ! ne>e/1 de>e/ t h left y6 ,weep6 ,he also wept4 ,b pond] well ! words t ,he has spok53 ,great] love no man may %[ = him he loves ?an dy+ = him4 ,ev5 ?us !y lov$ ,him6 ,weep6 b s+ a song ( triumph z ! bitt] te>s are fl[+4 ,ble/ are ye :o1 9 8 temple1 humbly kneel+ at ! alt>1 ,!re c (f] him a sacrificial inc5se ( su* sorr[ ,) su* glory m+l$6 ---------- #feg ,ca?olicity ,& ,pan!ism4 ,numb] ,f\r4 ,! ,bless$ ,tr9ity1 ,or ,multiplicity ,9 ,! ,inf9ite4 ,g5]al ,idea ,( ,! ,bless$ ,tr9ity4 ,ca?olic doctr9e admits t ! mo/ pure1 simple1 & undivid$ unity ( ! ,godhead lies 9 its nature2 b t ?is mo/ simple nature is t]m9at$ by ?ree real1 di/9ct subsi/5ces or p]sons1 :o =m ! only true & liv+ ,inf9ite4 ,h[ ?is answ] af=ds ! solution ( ! problem w be se5 9 ! c\rse ( ?is treatise1 9 :i* we %all endeavor to develop ! idea ( ! *ur* 9 a sci5tific =m4 ,b1 be=e we proce$ to analyze x1 we feel oblig$ to develop x 9 a cursory mann]1 9 ord] to enable ! read] to foll[ u 9 ! analysis to :i* x w be subject$4 ,we say1 !n1 t ! ess5ce ( ,god1 absolutely simple1 is t]m9at$ by ?ree real1 di/9ct1 opposite subsi/5ces1 :i* are a prim>y unbegott5 activity1 a begott5 intelligibility1 an aspir$ goodness2 all ?ree 9 a /ate ( p]sonality4 ,= ?is prim>y1 unborn activity 9 ! /ate ( p]sonality1 9 :om ! :ole ,godhead resides1 by und]/&+ himself1 begets a mo/ fai?ful conception ( himself1 an intellectual utt]ance1 a ^w or logos4 ,n[1 ! nature or ess5ce ( intellectual conception or logos1 consi/s 9 be+ ! object conceiv$ 9 ! /ate ( intelligibility4 ,x foll[s1 !n1 t ! conception ( ! prim>y activity1 9 :om ! fulness ( ! ,godhead resides1 is1 9 consequ5ce1 ! ,godhead itself 9 ! /ate ( intelligibility1 :il/ ! conceiv] is ! ,godhead itself1 9 ! /ate ( intellig5t activity4 ,"u ?is la/ respect1 to wit1 ( intellig5t activity & ( intelligibility1 ! conceiv] & ! conception are necess>ily relat$ to ea* o!r2 a relation :i* arises f an opposition ( orig91 s9ce ! conceiv]1 z su*1 orig9at+ ! conception1 is necess>ily oppos$ to x1 & ! conception1 z su*1 by be+ conceiv$1 is necess>ily oppos$ to ! conceiv]4 ,9 ?is s5se !y are necess>ily di/9ct f ea* o!r4 ,x foll[s f ?is t ea* "o has a concret5ess ( 8 own1 a t]m9ation or a /ate1 by :atev] "n x may be call$2 :i* concret5ess is incommunicable to ! o!r1 & h5ce ea* "o has ! own]%ip ( himself1 & !re=e is a p]son4 ,= ! fir/ is ! :ole ,godhead "u ! t]m9ation ( unborn intellectual activity1 :i* t]m9ation is /rictly 8 own & incommunicable4 ,! second is ! fulness ( ! ,godhead1 "u ! t]m9ation ( intelligibility or conception1 :i* belongs to him alone1 & is likewise incommunicable4 ,b because 9 bo? resides ! :ole id5tical ,godhead1 ?\gh "u a di/9ct1 opposite1 & relative t]m9ation1 !y are bo? "o & ! same ,god4 ,god conceiv] & ,god conceiv$ are1 !n1 9 nature & ess5ce1 "o & ! same2 :il/ z ! conceiv] & ! conceiv$1 !y are two di/9ct p]sons2 & 9 ?is s5se1 !re is a necess>y duality 9 ! inf9ite4 #feh ,?is duality is br\ght into h>mony & unity by ! production ( a ?ird t]m9ation1 ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,! conceiv] & ! conceiv$ necess>ily love ea* o!r4 ,?is is ! result ( a metaphysical law ( ! act ( intellig5ce1 includ+ subject & object2 s9ce to intellig5ce an object produces an incl9ation or attraction 9 ! subject t[>d x4 ,n[ ! two p]sons 9 ! ,godhead intellig5ce ea* o!r2 !re=e !y love ea* o!r4 ,x is1 aga91 ! nature ( love t ! object lov$ %\ld abide 9 ! subject lov+1 9 a /ate ( feel+ or an actively attractive /ate1 a /ate :i* human language _c utt]4 ,! be/ expression we c f9d is1 t ! object %\ld abide 9 ! subject 9 ! capacity ( beatify+ x4 ,! ,godhead1 "u ! t]m9ation ( conceiv]1 loves ! ,godhead "u ! t]m9ation ( conceiv$2 &1 vice v]sa1 ! ,godhead1 "u ! t]m9ation ( conceiv$1 loves ! ,godhead "u ! t]m9ation ( conceiv]4 ,! result ( ?is op]ation is a ?ird t]m9ation ( ! ,godhead--! ,godhead "u ! t]m9ation ( love1 goodness1 or bliss1 proce$+ f ! o!r two t]m9ations1 ! conceiv] & ! conceiv$4 ,?is new t]m9ation be+ di/9ct f ! two =m]1 & oppos$ to !m1 inasmu* z x orig9ates f !m1 is consequ5tly its own1 incommunicable to ! o!rs1 & h5ce a p]son4 ,b z x is ! same id5tical ,godhead1 "u ! t]m9ation ( love1 ! ?ree are b "o & ! same ,god4 ,)\t ^! t]m9ations or triplicity 9 ! ,inf9ite1 ! ,god _c exi/ or live4 ,= :at is a be+ )\t ! k ( himself & )\t love8 ,:at is life b action8 & action )\t a t]m orig9at$ is a contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,! ,godhead mu/1 !n1 intellig5ce & love himself4 ,! result ( ?is are ?ree t]m9ations 9 ! ,godhead2 a prim>y1 unbegott5 activity1 a begott5 intelligibility1 an aspir$ goodness4 ,t ^! ?ree t]m9ations d n break ! unity ( ! ,inf9ite w be manife/ f ! analysis to :i* we %all subject !m4 ,we %all n[ proce$ to v9dicate ! p]sonality ( ! ?ree t]m9ations aga9/ a class ( disguis$ pan!i/s--disguis$ ev5 to !mselves--t is1 ! ,unit>ians4 ,:y %\ld ^! ?ree t]m9ations 9 ! ,godhead be p]sons8 ,c\ld n ! ,godhead und]/& & love itself )\t suppos+ ?ree p]sonalities8 ,we answ] t )\t ! admission ( ?ree p]sons 9 ! ,godhead1 we %\ld necess>ily fall into ! pan!i/ic !ory conc]n+ ,god4 ,! ,unit>ians w conc$e to u t ,god mu/ und]/& & love himself4 ,)\t ?is he 7 inconceivable4 ,n[1 we beg ! ,unit>ians to tell u :at ?is intellig5ce & love are8 ,are !y only pass+ & transi5t acts or modifications1 or are !y faculties & attributes8 ,:at are !y8 ,besides ess5ce & nature1 :i* includes sub/ance1 our m9ds _c conceive any o!r categories ?an ! foll[+3 #a/4 ,attributes or p]fections4 #b;d4 ,faculties4 #c;d4 ,acts ( ! faculties or modifications4 #d?4 ,subsi/5ce & p]sonality4 ,n[1 exclud+ subsi/5ce & p]sonality1 ! und]/&+ & love ( ! ,godhead mu/ be ei!r an attribute or faculty1 or a transi5t act1 or bo? ( ^! toge!r4 #fei ,! ,unit>ians may demur at s _m di/9ctions2 b we w\ld beg !m to obs]ve t :5 we see ! mo/ sacr$ dogmas1 nay1 ! v pivot ( k1 attack$ by a flimsy & pr\d philosophy1 we h a "r to desc5d into ! dep?s ( sci5ce1 & ask ( ! flimsy & boa/ful philosophy :at x means :5 x attacks s sweep+ly & s confid5tly4 ,?is rem>k has be5 =c$ f u by read+ ! foll[+ words ( ,*ann+3 ,we believe 9 ! doctr9e ( ,god's unity1 or t !re is "o ,god1 "o only4 ,to ?is tru? we give inf9ite importance1 & we feel ourselves b\nd to take he$ le/ any man spoil u ( x by va9 787 philosophy4 ,?is proposition1 t !re is "o ,god1 seems to u exce$+ly pla94 ,we und]/& by x t !re is "o be+1 "o m9d1 "o p]son1 "o intellig5t ag5t1 & "o only1 to :om und]iv$ & inf9ite p]fections & dom9ion belong4 ,we conceive t ^! words c\ld h convey$ no o!r mean+ to ! simple & uncultivat$ p1 :o 7 set ap>t to be ! depositories ( ?is great tru?1 & :o 7 utt]ly incapable ( und]/&+ ^? hair-bread? di/9ctions betwe5 be+ & p]son1 :i* ! sagacity ( o!r ages has discov]$4 ,we h read v few passages ( o!r au?ors 9 :i* we f9d z mu* magi/]ial tone1 sweep+ ass]tion1 pr(\nd ignorance ( true philosophy1 confusion worse conf\nd$1 z 9 ^! few l9es ( ,*ann+4 ,is x possible t ,dr4 ,*ann+ %\ld call a hair-bread? di/9ction1 t :i* lies betwe5 ess5ce & nature1 & p]sonality8 ,we suspect t ! di/9ction betwe5 ^! t]ms be+ s nice1 ,dr4 ,*ann+ nev] appreh5d$ x2 & )\t ?is elem5t>y appreh5sion ( ! mo/ fundam5tal notions ( ontology1 ,dr4 ,*ann+ %\ld h kept 8 peace1 & nev] h writt5 a book t\*+ my/]ies1 held & def5d$ ev5 unto dea? by ?\s&s ( ! sublime/1 ! pr(\nde/1 & ! mo/ univ]sal g5iuses ( ,*ri/ianity2 su* m5 z ,s4 ,a?anasius1 ,s4 ,ju/91 ,s4 ,ir5aeus1 ,s4 ,hil>y1 ,s4 ,augu/9e1 ,s4 ,ambrose1 ,s4 ,*ryso/om1 ,s4 ,j]ome1 ,s4 ,fulg5tius1 ,s4 ,?omas1 ,bossuet1 ,fnlon1 ,pascal1 ,leibnitz1 etc4 ,be=e ! te/imony ( su* intellects1 ev5 ! self-assurance ( ,dr4 ,*ann+ %\ld h hesitat$4 ,dr4 ,*ann+1 !n1 along ) all ^? :o hold 8 op9ion1 w be k9d en\gh to tell u :at !y mean by ,god be+ "o m9d1 "o p]son1 "o intellig5t ag5t4 ,are ^! ?+s attributes1 faculties1 or acts8 ,let u def9e ! t]ms1 t ! di/9ction :i* exi/s betwe5 !m may be m manife/4 ,an attribute or p]fection is a p>tial conception ( our m9ds1 ( a c]ta9 nature1 & m p>ticul>ly ( ! ,inf9ite4 ,! idea ( ! inf9ite implies all p]fections4 ,b z our limit$ m9ds _c appreh5d all t is conta9$ 9 t idea at "o intellectual glance1 we are =c$ to appreh5d x p>tially1 & to divide x m5tally1 & to consid] ea* side ap>t4 ,! ideas or notions correspond+ to all ^! appreh5sions ( ! inf9ite1 we call p]fections or attributes4 ,b let x be di/9ctly und]/ood2 ontologically1 t is1 9 ! ord] ( reality1 !y d n exi/ out (1 & are n di/9ct f1 ! ess5ce ( ! ,inf9ite4 ,a faculty is ! capacity ( developm5t 9 a be+4 ,an act is ! transition f capacity into movem5t4 ,n[1 be=e we close ) ! ,unit>ians1 we %all give ! def9ition ( individuality & p]sonality z c>efully & intelligibly z we c4 #ffj ,t la/ t]m9ation or complem5t ( a be+1 :i* makes x a unit1 9 se1 sep>at$ or at lea/ di/9ct f all o!r be+s1 :i* makes x sui juris & incommunicable to all o!rs1 con/itutes :at ontology calls individuality4 ,to illu/rate ?is def9ition1 let u suppose our body 9 ! two diff]5t /ates to :i* x is subject1 :5 x is unit$ to our s\l1 & :5 x is sep>at$ f x4 ,x is evid5t t :5 my body is yet unit$ to ! s\l1 x is a corporal sub/ance1 b n an individuality1 because x has none ( ^? elem5ts necess>y to con/itute individuality4 ,x is n a unit 9 se1 nei!r is x sep>at$ f any o!r be+1 because x is unit$ to ! s\l1 & h5ce x is communicable2 & above all1 x is n sui juris1 s9ce ! s\l possesses x z its mo/ intimate & mo/ subord9ate organ & in/rum5t4 ,let u take ! o!r /ate ( our body1 :5 ! s\l has left x4 ,by ?is v fact1 ! body becomes an individuality1 t is to say1 a unit 9 se1 di/9ct & sep>at$ f any o!r be+1 sui juris1 & incommunicable4 ,s true is ?is1 t %\ld t body 9 su* a /ate1 und]go any *ange1 or d :at we might improp]ly call an action1 t *ange or action w\ld be attribut$ to x1 & to x alone4 ,= in/ance1 suppose t body %\ld fall & cru% by its weight "s liv+ creature1 we %\ld say t body has kill$ t creature1 because x is an individuality2 :]eas1 suppose t same body1 possess$ ( ! s\l1 fall+ at night out ( b$1 %\ld kill by its weight t liv+ creature1 we c\ld no long] say t body has kill$1 b we %\ld say t man fell la/ night out ( 8 b$1 & kill$1 = in/ance1 8 *ild2 because ! union ( ! body ) ! s\l z its mo/ intimate organ1 deprives x ( its individuality1 & consequ5tly ( solid>ity4 ,p]sonality adds to individuality ! elem5t ( intellig5ce1 & consequ5tly ( self-consci\sness4 ,a p]son1 !re=e1 is a sub/ance1 possess$ ( intellig5ce & self-consci\sness1 =m+ a unit 9 se1 & h5ce be+ di/9ct f all o!rs1 hav+ ! own]%ip ( himself1 sui juris1 & be+ ! pr9ciple ( imputability = all 8 actions4 ,if ^! notions1 on :i* dep5d ! :ole field ( ontology1 :i* are ! f\ndation ( morality1 ( all social & political rights ( man1 on :i* ! v bliss & ultimate p]fection ( man re/--if su* notions are hair-bread? di/9ctions1 we ?ank ,god t we are end[$ ) intellig5ce en\gh to appreh5d !m2 else1 7 a man to-morr[ to =ce u into slav]y1 on ! plea t we are only ?+s1 & n p]sons1 we %\ld be at a loss h[ to /op him1 n be+ able1 l ,*ann+1 to appreh5d our own p]sonality1 t supreme gift :i* makes u feel ma/] & own] ( ourselves & acc\ntable = our actions4 ,hav+ premis$ ^! notions1 we say ! ,unit>ians1 :o grant t ! ,inf9ite is end[$ ) intellig5ce & w1 mu/ admit "o ( ^! ?ree ?+s3 ei!r ! intellig5ce & w are p]fections or attributes1 or !y are faculties1 or !y are p]sons4 ,if !y admit !m to be p]fections1 !y divide ! ,inf9ite2 if !y admit !m to be faculties1 !y fall into pan!ism4 ,?is is :at we are go+ to prove 9 ! foll[+ propositions4 ,fir/ proposition3 ,if intellig5ce & w 7 admitt$ to be m]e p]fections 9 ,god1 ! admission w\ld imply a division 9 ,god & a break+ up ( ! ,inf9ite4 #ffa ,be=e we proce$ to prove ?is proposition1 we premise t 9 ! argum5t we take intellig5ce & w 9 action1 & n 9 pot5tiality2 9 o!r words1 we take !m z acts1 & n z faculties4 ,! reason is because1 z we %all prove1 !re c be no faculties or pot5tiality 9 ! ,inf9ite4 ,?is premis$1 we lay d[n ! und\bt$ ontological tru? t betwe5 intellig5ce 9 act & ! conception or int]ior logos1 ! result ( intellig5c+1 !re is & mu/ be a real di/9ction4 ,9 o!r words1 ! intellect 9 act & ! conception ( ! intellect necess>ily imply a duality4 ,! reason ( ?is is evid5t4 ,fir/1 because betwe5 ! intellect 9 action & conception !re is necess>ily an opposition4 ,! intellect 9 act1 is su*1 inasmu* z x is n conception1 & vice v]sa4 ,n[1 a real opposition implies1 necess>ily1 a real di/9ction4 ,aga91 ! conception or int]ior logos is to ! intellect 9 action z ! effect is to its cause1 or1 bett]1 z ! consequ5ce is to its pr9ciple4 ,if1 !re=e1 !re 7 no real di/9ction betwe5 ! intellect & ! conception1 !re w\ld be no real di/9ction betwe5 ! effect & its cause1 ! pr9ciple & its consequ5ce4 ,h5ce1 ?9k+ & ?\ght are necess>ily di/9ct4 ,:at is true ( ! act ( ?9k+ & ( ?\ght is true ( ! w & its volition1 = ! same reason4 ,h5ce x is evid5t t ! intellect 9 action1 ?\ght or ! conception1 ! w 9 action & its volition1 are necess>ily di/9ct by _! v ontological nature & relation4 ,x foll[s1 !n1 t if we admit !m to be m]e p]fections ( ! ,inf9ite1 we w\ld imply a real di/9ction 9 ! ess5ce ( ! ,inf9ite1 9 o!r words1 a duality ( ess5ce2 because a p]fection 9 ! ,inf9ite is id5tical ) ess5ce1 s9ce we h said t p]fections h no real exi/5ce 9 re1 & are only p>tial conceptions ( our m9ds1 :i* _c take 9 ! ,inf9ite at "o intellectual glance4 ,intellig5ce 9 action & conception1 !re=e1 be+ consid]$ z p]fections1 w\ld be id5tical ) ! ess5ce2 & !y requir+1 9 =ce ( _! metaphysical nature1 a real di/9ction1 ! di/9ction w\ld fall ^u ! ess5ce ( ! ,inf9ite4 ,any "o v]s$ 9 ontology w p]ceive ?is tru? at a glance4 ,h5ce1 ,unit>ians _c say t ! intellig5ce & ! conception ( ! intellig5ce1 ! w & love 9 ! ,inf9ite1 are m]e p]fections1 )\t admitt+ a real di/9ction 9 ! ess5ce ( ! ,inf9ite1 & ?us admitt+ a multiplicity ( ,inf9ites1 :i* is absurd4 ,second proposition3 ,if ,unit>ians rank ! intellect & ?\ght1 ! w & its volition1 ( ! inf9ite among faculties1 !y !n fall into pan!ism4 ,ontology1 z we h said1 def9es a faculty to be a =ce ( developm5t by union ) its object4 ,its notion implies ?ree elem5ts3 #a4 ,a =ce resid+ dormant 9 a be+4 #b4 ,an object4 #c4 ,a union ( ! =ce ) ! object1 to r5d] ! developm5t actual4 ,apply+ ?is idea to ! subject 9 "q1 e "o c see at a glance t a faculty _c be pr$icat$ ( ! ,inf9ite )\t fall+ into pan!ism4 ,= x w\ld be to admit 9 ,god a =ce ( developm5t1 a capacity ( unfold+1 ( actualiz+ himself4 #ffb ,n[1 e faculty ( developm5t necess>ily beg9s1 f ! m9imum degree ( actuality1 to travel by progressive /ages ( unfold+ to an indef9ite maximum ( progression4 ,h5ce1 9 ! supposition1 we %\ld be =c$ to admit t ,god />t$ f ! m9imum ( life & action1 & t he travell$ ?r\gh numb]less /ages ( developm5t1 & w travel indef9itely ?r\gh high] /ages 9 ! direction ( a maximum ( progress nev] to be atta9$4 ,n[1 ?is is almo/ v]batim ! pan!i/ic !ory ( ,hegel4 ,e "o :o has read ,hegel w h obs]v$ t 8 idea ( ! ,inf9ite co9cides p]fectly ) ! above4 ,= he />ts f a m9imum ( reality1 ! ,be+1 ,idea1 :i*1 ?r\gh a necess>y int]ior movem5t1 becomes matt]1 organism1 animality1 intellig5ce1 etc4 ,x w\ld n d = ,unit>ians to say t ! argum5t does n apply to _! sy/em1 s9ce !y admit a sub/ance already exi/+ & p]fect z to be+1 only end[$ ) faculties4 ,=1 9 ! supposition1 !y w\ld admit a f9ite1 n an inf9ite be+4 ,9 a f9ite be+ we c conceive "o already p]fect 9 ! ord] ( exi/5ce1 ) faculties or =ce ( accid5tal developm5t4 ,b we _c say ! same ( ! ,inf9ite4 ,! positive inf9ite1 s to speak1 is ess5tially actuality itself2 h5ce1 p]fection itself1 all t]ms :i* exclude & elim9ate e possibility ( developm5t4 ,if x be n t x mu/ be ! ,inf9ite ( pan!ism1 a m]e ab/raction & unreality4 ,f :at we h said1 we conclude3 ,fir/1 t ! my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity is ess5tially necess>y to ! idea ( ,god2 t !re c be no conception ( ,inf9ite actuality b ?r\gh ! supposition ( ?ree di/9ct t]m9ations ( ! same ess5ce4 ,secondly1 t ,unit>ians are absolutely p[]less be=e pan!ism2 nay1 t _! sy/em is disguis$ pan!ism2 & t by hold+ fa/ only to ! unity ( ,god1 !y sap ! v f\ndation ( ! reality ( ! ,inf9ite4 ,! ,inf9ite is ess5tially liv+4 ,a liv+ ,god is ess5tially conceiv+ himself by intellect4 ,a subjective conception necess>ily implies an objective conception4 ,^! two are absolutely & necess>ily oppos$ to ea* o!r1 & h5ce1 really di/9ct4 ,aga91 a liv+ ,god1 :o necess>ily conceives himself1 necess>ily loves himself ?r\gh 8 conception4 ,aga91 subjective love necess>ily implies an objective love1 & ! two are ess5tially oppos$1 & h5ce di/9ct4 ,?us we h ?ree real di/9ct relations 9 ! ,inf9ite1 a conceiv]1 a conception1 & love4 ,on ! "o h&1 ^! ?ree relations _c be ei!r p]fections or faculties2 on ! o!r1 !y _c be d5i$ ( ! ,inf9ite )\t de/roy+ ! v idea ( ! ,inf9ite4 ,x foll[s1 !n1 t !y %\ld be ?ree t]m9ations ( ! same ess5ce4 ,! act ( intellig5ce 9 ,god is s actual & p]fect z to be 9 ! v same /ate ( p]sonality intellig5ce itself4 ,! production ( ?is act is also s actual & p]fect z to be conception itself1 a p]sonality di/9ct f ! fir/4 ,love1 ! necess>y production ( bo? ! intellig5ce & ! conception1 is also s actual & p]fect1 z to be love itself 9 a /ate ( p]sonality1 ?ree di/9ct subsi/5ces ( ! same "o inf9ite ess5ce4 ---------- #ffc ,h]emore-,br&on2 ,or1 ,! ,=tunes ,( ,a ,newsboy4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,9 ! beautiful dawn ,dick awoke1 h>dly rememb]+ :]e he 01 & almo/ fright5$ at ! wond]ful abs5ce ( _m noises :i* _h nev] be=e fail$ to greet 8 wak+4 ,n kn[+ :e!r x 7 v late or v e>ly1 ,dick took ! safe/ view ( ! subject1 & hurri$ly dress$ himself2 !n1 cauti\sly op5+ 8 door1 he look$ out to see if !re 0 any sign to guide 8 fur!r movem5ts3 ,all 0 sil5t ar\nd him2 b ! hall door /ood wide op51 lett+ 9 a squ>e ( gold5 sun%9e at ! foot ( ! /airs4 ,he w5t c>efully & noiselessly d[n1 & f\nd himself1 :5 he rea*$ ! por*1 9 a flood ( glori\s light4 ,! fl[]s t hung above ! por* 7 sp>kl+ 9 x1 = ! dew 0 yet fre% on all ! _w2 a ?\s& birds 7 c>oll+ songs ( exultation f e tree1 :ile ! cool1 fragrant morn+ air came to him 9 ! fre%e/1 pure/ breezes t ev] 7 kn[n4 ,ev5 ! pebbles1 f :i* ! sun _h n yet kiss$ away a s+le dew-drop1 7 sp>kl+ l jewels z ,dick approa*$ !m on 8 way to ! little ru/ic gate "u ! ev]gre5 ar*4 ,he /ood lean+ ov] x a long "t1 look+ d[n ! cool1 %ad[y lane1 8 he>t jo9+ 9 ! joy\s morn+ hymn ( nature1 = ! fir/ "t he>d4 ,he 0 /&+ by ! gate1 enjoy+ all1 :5 new voices rea*$ 8 e>s--human voices--& ! *ildr5 all at once came ru%+ f ! g>d5 at ! back ( ! h\se1 9 a tumult ( delight1 surr\nd+ him almo/ be=e !y 7 aw>e ( 8 pres5ce1 s int5t 7 !y ^u _! mission to ! village4 ,me do+ to ! 'tore6 exclaim$ little ,trot1 rubb+ h] h&s4 ,me dot a pocket4 ,:i* d\ble h9t ,dick took at once by putt+ p5nies 9 ! pocket1 mu* to h] delight & ! old] ones' annoyance4 ,= %ame1 ,trot6 said ,w1 t's z bad z ask+2 & y c't g to ! /ore ei!r2 y'll get wet1 ! grass is all wet4 ',tan't no good = girls2 y /ay home4 ,:]eupon ,trot rubb$ h] br[n little fi/s 9 h] eyes1 & l\dly bewail$ h] mis]y 9 be+ only a girl1 %[+ also t %e _h a w ( h] own t by no means ackn[l$g$ ?is big boy z its "l & ma/]4 ,dick attempt$ to %[ him t :]eas ,trot's dress 0 already a f+] deep ) wet f ! long grass ?r\gh :i* %e _h be5 tramp+ all ! morn+ s f>1 x c\ldn't make mu* diff]5ce if x got a little wett]4 ,b ,w 0 firm1 & ,trot inappeasable1 until1 mu* to our h]o's relief1 ! noise br\ght out ,rose1 :o 0 greatly a%am$ ( ,trot = mak+ su* a "t be=e ! /range g5tleman1 & v firmly decid$ = ,w4 ,9 "s magic way %e s5t ! boy portion un5cumb]$ by any ( ! weak] sex1 on _! way rejoic+1 f\nd some?+ = ! girls to d1 & took ,trot's h& s resolutely t n a sob 0 v5tur$ by t small maid51 s t !re 0 aga9 peace 9 ! l&4 #ffd ,!n came breakfa/1 ) a fur!r display ( clean calico1 a great deal ( laugh+ & m]ry talk1 b 9 a less leisurely way ?an at tea1 = ! day's "w 0 be=e n beh9d !m4 ,breakfa/ f9i%$1 ! *ildr51 our h]o1 ,rose1 & ,rose's bosom fri5d1 ,cl>a ,hays1 7 s5t (f to pick b]ries 9 ! woods4 ,half ! morn+ !y 7 9 gett+ />t$2 = ev]ybody spoke at once1 & ev]ybody hurri$ & deta9$ ev]ybody else4 ,!re 7 at lea/ a doz5 false />ts4 ,z soon z sev5 got to ! gate1 ,trot & ,m9nie 7 report$ miss+2 no soon] 7 ,trot & ,m9nie secur$1 ?an "s "o else 0 out ( ! way4 ,b at la/ !y got fairly (f1 & w5t d[n ! lane 9 great glee2 ! *ildr5 sw++ _! pails & baskets 9 advance1 & runn+ back e two m9utes to give "s valuable in=mation ab\t ! road or ! woods or ! b]ries1 or some?+ equally important4 ,rose1 ,cl>a1 & ,dick br\ght up ! re> 9 a mann] t %[$ !y _h a becom+ s5se ( ! responsibility ?r[n ^u !m z ! eld]s ( ! p>ty4 ,:at !y did all day 9 ! woods1 h[ _m brooks !y cross$1 :o fell 9 & 0 fi%$ out ) mu* laught]2 h[ little ,trot got 9 ev]ybody's way1 & ate ! o!rs' b]ries z fa/ z !y 7 pick$2 h[ ! *ildr5 met o!r *ildr5 on ! road2 h[ (t5 all p>ties re/$1 & teas$ ea* o!r1 & comp>$ ! quantity ea* _h pick$2 & :e!r ,dick1 :o _h soon got ov] 8 awkw>dness1 put 8 b]ries into ,cl>a's pail or into ,rose's basket1 ,i am n able to relate4 ,i only "k !y return$ at ev5+ v noisy & v tir$2 & t ,rose _h a l>g] /ock ?an any o!r "o ( ! :ole p>ty2 & t z %e took (f h] broad-brimm$ /raw hat1 & pu%$ back ! moi/ curls f h] face1 ?is "y lady did n g up at once to wa% (f ! purple b]ry /a9s f h] h&s1 & to put on ! pretty blue musl9 ) its t9y bit ( lace ar\nd ! neck1 b l+]$ to he> ! *ildr51 ea* int]rupt+ ! o!r1 until !y 7 ne>ly all talk+ at once1 tell ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,/(fs & ,mrs4 ,ala9e ! day's adv5tures4 ,dick1 too1 _h some:at to relate1 & glanc$ at ,rose :ile he told x1 al?\gh x 0 only :at ! *ildr5 _h told twice ov] already1 h[ ,mr4 ,dick--x _h come to t ) ! *ildr5--didn't "k a turkey f a goose1 & _h call$ ?+s by _! wrong names all day2 :]eat ,rose laugh$ ) ! re/1 & !n ran up to ba! h] gl[+ *eeks 9 "t to help get tea4 ,:5 %e came d[n1 %e f\nd ! *ildr5 9 ! same eag] excitem5t1 foll[+ ! two wom5 f kit*5 to cell>1 f ! closet to ! table1 /ill tell+ ab\t ! big snake !y 7 sure !y _h se5 run across ! pa? j be=e !m1 & ! rabbits1 & :at ,m9nie _h said1 & ,w _h done1 & ,*>ley _h ?\ght2 to all :i* ! li/5]s gave an att5tive e>1 laugh+ :5 !re 0 ne$1 & surpris$ at ! prop] mom5t4 ,at tea1 ! day 9 ! woods cont9u$ to furni% food = animat$ discussion1 & nei!r ,rose nor ,dick look$ z if ! subject 7 a tiresome "o4 ,& h[ did my little ,trot get along8 ask$ ,uncle ,c>l2 b ,trot1 :o 0 tir$1 & cross1 & impati5t = h] piece ( cake1 made no answ]4 ,trot tumbl$ into ! wat]1 said ,w2 %e always tumbles 94 #ffe ,!n ,trot :o c\ldn't be> to be teas$1 look$ z if %e 7 ab\t to cry1 b 0 appeas$ by a ^w or two f ,rose1 & ,c>l ask$ :o pull$ h] out4 ,oh6 ,i did1 answ]$ ,w readily2 ,i & ,mr4 ,dick4 ,i see t ,mr4 ,dick is v good to y1 said ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 ) a k9d smile t[>d our h]o1 :o color$ & look$ 8 delight4 ,i don't ?9k we c get along )\t ,mr4 ,dick any m1 c we8 ,! *ildr5 decl>$ !y c\ld n1 & ,dick 0 z pleas$ z if he _h j tak5 a degree2 b ,rose said no?+ ab\t ! matt]4 ,well1 t 0 a m]ry1 m]ry week2 !re 7 s _m ?+s ne$$1 & su* long walks 7 requir$ ?r\gh ! woods1 & ov] ! hills1 & ev5 d[n to ! bea*1 9 ord] to procure !m1 :ile e err& took all day to p]=m1 t ,dick le>n$ to walk on ! s(t grass )\t /umbl+2 ev5 to loit] sl[ly along by ,rose's side1 n (t5 look+ to see :]e he plac$ 8 feet2 & ! *ildr5 7 su* good tutors t he le>n$ ! names ( ! birds & animals & insects t came 9 8 way1 & knew :]e !re _h be5 ! be/ *]ries 9 ! spr+1 :]e !re w\ld be ! be/ place = nutt+ 9 ! fall1 & :5 ! grapes w\ld be ripe1 ,if only he c\ld be "h6 ,if only he c\ld be "h6 ,b a week is only a week1 & x w end1 if x has a life-"t 9 its sev5 days4 ,! la/ day _h come1 & !y all knew x2 !re _h be5 a bett] d9n]4 ,mr4 ,dick's la/ d9n] ) u1 y "k1 !y _h said to ea* o!r2 & some?+ m ?an sweet-cakes & pea*es = tea1 = to-morr[ ,mr4 ,dick w n be "h4 ,b1 = all _! consid]ation1 ,mr4 ,dick h>dly knew t night if he 7 eat+ sweet-cakes or bitt] bread4 ,x 0 a v quiet ev5+ t foll[$ ! la/ tea at ,c>lton4 ,! *ildr5 7 m sil5t ?an usual2 ev5 ,trot 0 n pro( aga9/ ! indescribable feel+ t settles ov] a gr\p f :i* "o is ab\t to take 8 dep>ture4 ,%e climb$ into ,dick's lap1 &--an uncommon ?+ ) t re/less maid5--did n (f] to leave h] position all ^? long twilight h\rs4 ,:5 ,miss ,br&on rode by--z ,i =got to /ate %e did at twilight e ev5+--h] beautiful pony1 h] long dress1 h] hat ) its droop+ fea!r1 h] veil flutt]+ 9 ! ev5+ breeze1 h] buff gauntlets1 & h] silv]-h&l$ rid+-:ip--?+s :i* _h set ! :ole flock 9 commotion be=e--7 h>dly comm5t$ ^u4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,irv+1 s tall & pr9cely1 left h] side = a mom5t1 &1 com+ close to ! gate1 call$ aft] ,w1 x 0 f\nd ,rose _h =gott5 ! usual b\quet ( fl[]s = ! ladies1 & _h to beg ! g5tleman to wait4 ,rose felt v guilty2 b ,dick endeavor$ to console h] by say+ t1 )\t d\bt1 ,mr4 ,irv+ 0 glad to h a little m "t ) su* a beautiful "y lady z ,miss ,br&on2 & !n fell to prais+ ,miss ,m>y vehem5tly--h[ beautiful %e 01 h[ graci\s & pleasant to all1 & yet always rememb]+ %e 0 a gr& "y lady4 ,rose ?\ght x v easy to be good & pleasant :5 p are ri* & beautiful2 & !n ,dick tri$ to com=t h] aga91 & p]haps ) bett] success ?an be=e2 = h] only answ] 0 a sil5t act ( contrition = ! envi\s ?\ght t _h flitt$ across h] m9d4 ,!n1 /ill 9 sil5ce1 %e cut ! fl[]s t %e c\ld h>dly m ?an guess at 9 ! ga!r+ twilight4 #fff ,dick 0 sil5t1 too2 & yet !re 0 a great deal he w\ld l to h said1 ev5 ?\gh he little suspect$ t all he _h s f> made cle> to h] 0 t ,miss ,br&on 0 to him l an angel 9 a picture1 or a h]o9e 9 "s old romance1 & t1 beside h] sil5t act ( contrition1 poor little ,rose's he>t _h giv5 "o great ?rob1 & _h !n made an act ( resignation beside4 ,b ,dick f\nd voice to ask = a good-by fl[]1 :i* ,rose gave2 & x may be !re 7 spok5 !n a few words ( m solemn mean+1 su* z w come :5 two p1 "y & fre%1 f9d _! skies sudd5ly gl[+ above !m1 & _! he>ts full ( grateful praise to ,god1 :o has made life s sweet4 ,& x may be t little ,rose1 :o said h] pray]s s regul>ly = all s9n]s & = all :o are tempt$1 said a few brok51 ba%ful words1 exhort+ ,dick to goodness ev5 9 ! mid/ ( ! sn>es ( ! great city1 & t he eag]ly caught ! words z !y fell1 promis$ h] nev] to =get !m1 & inw>dly made a quick cry = ,god's grace to let him die !n r ?an d aught to (f5d him :o _h %[]$ su* bless+s ^u him4 ,x may be1 too1 t ,rose--! simple-he>t$ maid5--0 sure he w\ld nev] break ! promise1 & t _! good-by !re 0 a reque/ & a promise ea* to pray = ! o!r4 ,b if s1 x 0 n said 9 long p>agraphs1 ) fl[+ p]iods2 = ,rose 0 too consci5ti\s to deta9 ,mr4 ,irv+ a mom5t long] ?an ne$ful4 ,b ,i am afraid ,rose _h to make ano!r act ( contrition t night2 = :5 ,w br\ght h] ! money = ! fl[]s--! g>d5 0 h] own--%e w\ld n take x1 b told him to divide x among ! *ildr51 himself1 ( c\rse1 includ$4 ,dick ?\ght x v g5]\s ( h]2 b ,i h my own op9ion ab\t t4 ,too soon = all ! la/ good-nights 7 said1 & ,dick knew he _h sp5t out 8 la/ ev5+ 9 ,c>lton = :o c\ld tell h[ long8 ,yet 8 dreams 7 n sad4 ,if he did n actually believe he 0 rid+ on a spl5did great horse1 by ! side ( a fair damsel on a :ite pony1 d[n ! %ad[y lane1 into ! broad road ( ! future2 t he _h giv5 ,c>l a home = life1 & a load ( toys to ! *ildr51 )1 p]haps1 an uplift+ ( 8 he>t1 & a read9ess to be>1 :atev] life %\ld br+ him wor?y ( a fai?ful ,*ri/ian1 ,i ?9k x 0 some?+ v l x4 ,! next morn+ !re 0 a hurri$ breakfa/1 aft] :i* !y all w5t to ! little yell[ /ation-h\se to see him (f1 & wav$ _! hats & h&k]*iefs until ! tra9 0 out ( sight4 ,a little long]1 & !y _h return$ 9 a rambl+ procession home1 ea* ) "s remembrance ( him to tell ! o!r1 :ile he 0 9 ! city at "w once m1 b z a diff]5t ,dick ,h]emore f ! "o :o _h said goodby1 n )\t emotion1 to 8 slov5ly l&lady4 #ffg ,*apt] v4 ,:5 ,*ri/mas came ar\nd aga91 & made ! fir/ break 9 ! r\t9e ( 8 life aft] 8 ev]-memorable visit to ! c\ntry1 ,dick1 n[ no long] a foll[] at a di/ance ( t ,sunday morn+ cr[d1 b a dev\t & well-in/ruct$ ,ca?olic1 to :om all ! glory & gr&eur ( ! ,*ri/mas lights & fl[]s1 ! music & ! bells1 7 no long] my/]ies2 aft] he>+ ! gr& high mass--n ! only "o he _h he>d t day--turn$ d[n ,f\rte5? /reet1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( _m ye>s1 9 ord] t he might pass ! ,br&ons' h\se1 :i* _h ev] held a *>m = him1 s9ce on its broad /eps he _h fir/ se5 ! beauty & lovel9ess ( *>ity4 ,b he 0 n ?9k+ j !n ( ,miss ,br&on1 nor ( 8 newsboy days1 nor yet ( ! fa/ approa*+ h\r :5 he %\ld pres5t himself at ,c>l ,/(fs's table1 9 a qu>t] ( ! city v diff]5t f ?is1 :]e he 0 to eat 8 piece ( ,*ri/mas turkey4 ,8 ?\ghts1 ,i am afraid1 w seem wild ones2 b he 0 "y1 x 0 ,*ri/mas-day1 he _h j come f t glori\s mass1 & ! _w seem$ s small & easy to conqu] to "o :o _h he>d ! glad tid+s1 s t he may be =giv5 = dream+1 9 a less prosaic & unspiritual mann] ?an ,i c tell y1 ( a "t :5 he w\ld eat 8 ,*ri/mas d9n] nei!r at a bo>d+-h\se nor at ano!r man's bo>d1 b w\ld c>ve 8 own ,*ri/mas turkey1 at 8 own table4 ,( :atev] he 0 ?9k+1 he did n fail to notice ! h\se1 & to glance upw>d :5 he came to ! /oop :]e he--0 x really he1 t r\gh1 %aggy1 ragg$ little newsboy1 ignorant & dirty8--:]e he _h1 = ! fir/ "t 9 8 h>d "y life1 he>d a voice address him k9dly2 & 8 glance *ang$ to a /eady gaze ( surprise :5 8 eye caught a "n on ! door-plate t 0 n ,br&on4 ,he look$ at ! numb]--t 0 all "r1 b ! old "n 0 gone4 ,he 0 p]plex$1 & walk$ abs5tly backw>d & =w>d = sev]al mom5ts4 ,!n ,mr4 ,/(fs 0 "r1 he said1 & he 7mean+ ,mr4 ,br&on7 has _h to come d[n a peg or two1 or he w\ld n h giv5 up 8 h\se at ?is season4 ,i wond] :]e !y h gone n[4 ,he rememb]$1 at ?is mom5t1 t none ( ! family _h be5 at ,ames ,h>d5's dur+ ! :ole fall1 & t he _h n se5 ,miss ,br&on s9ce %e & ,mr4 ,irv+ _h ridd5 d[n ! lane = ! fl[]s t ,rose _h =gott5 to h ready at ! usual h\r4 ,x s happ5$ t1 rememb]+ ! neglect$ fl[]s1 :y !y _h be5 =gott51 & h[ ! neglig5ce _h be5 repair$1 ,dick's ?\ghts /ray$ f ! graceful figure ( ! beautiful lady1 :o _h seem$ to him m magnific5t & g5tle ?an a vision1 & turn$ to ano!r figure1 n tall nor /ately--to ano!r face1 n gr& nor graci\sly sweet4 ,b :5 he met ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 almo/ ! fir/ words he said 71 ,i w5t by ! h\se on ,f\rte5? /reet to-day1 & ,mr4 ,br&on's "n 0 (f ! door4 ,i _h n he>d ( _! go+ away4 ,x's long ago1 ?\gh1 said ,mr4 ,/(fs4 ,is x any difficulty made !m leave _! old h\se8 ask$ ,dick4 ,!re's be5 no end ( difficulties1 answ]$ ! ,g]man1 puff+ out great cl\ds ( smoke betwe5 e s5t5ce4 ,?+s 7 bad en\gh la/ summ]1 & :5 ,mrs4 ,br&on di$-- ,mrs4 ,br&on dead6 exclaim$ ,dick4 ,oh6 ,i =got t 0 aft] y left2 x 0 q an excitem5t4 ,! horses ran away "o night--^? same /yli% bays ( :i* %e 0 s pr\d--:5 %e & h] daught] 7 return+ f "s p>ty1 & %e 0 dead be=e morn+4 ,& ,miss ,br&on8 ,dick c\ld h>dly ask1 8 t]ror ( ! answ] 0 s great4 #ffh ,miss ,br&on1 answ]$ ,mr4 ,/(fs 9 a =mal way1 & puff+ out great] cl\ds ( smoke ?an ev]1 ,miss ,br&on 0 ill = "s days1 & !y 7 afraid w\ld nev] get ov] ! %ock2 y\r f9e ladies are s n]v\s6 ,miss ,br&on is n t k9d1 said ,dick ha/ily1 vex$ by ! contemptu\s tone ( 8 fri5d's rem>k4 ,& ,i don't believe f9e ladies are any m--m--fussy ?an o!rs4 ,i suppose y "k !m well en\gh to be a c]ta9 judge1 said ,c>l1 :o seem$ 9 a v ugly humor4 ,( c\rse ,i don't "k "o 9 ! _w1 answ]$ ,dick1 ) consid]able animation & a deep] color 9 8 face4 ,b ,i c't see ! good ( always runn+ d[n p1 j because !y happ5 to be ri*] ?an ourselves4 ,hu%6 n[1 int]pos$ ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 z h] husb& 0 ab\t answ]+1 or no d9n] %all y h ?is day4 ,i w n let y two qu>rel4 ,y 7 go+ to tell me ab\t ,mr4 ,br&on's difficulties1 sugge/$ ,dick v g5tly1 aft] bo? he & ,mr4 ,/(fs _h assur$ _! peacemak] t !y 7 nev] 9 bett] humor t[>d ea* o!r4 ,y 7 go+ to tell me ab\t ,mr4 ,br&on's difficulties4 ,yes4 ,8 wife %e di$1 & x 0 f\nd he _h us$ all h] money & _h lo/ x1 z he _h 8 own2 !re 0 a failure & ev]y?+ 0 sold out1 & s--!re's an end ( him4 ,did he leave ,new-,york8 ,i don't "k4 ,:o asks :at has become ( a "o-"t ri* man aft] ! bubble has bur/8 ,i ?9k ,i he>d he want$ "s situation to />t life aga91 said ,mrs4 ,/(fs4 ,poor man6 ,mrs4 ,/(fs 0 "r4 ,mr4 ,br&on _h tri$ to />t aga92 b he _h be5 a h>d man 9 8 days ( prosp]ity1 & an unfai?ful man1 or he w\ld n be z he 0 n[2 & s1 _m :o he>tily piti$ him & 8 family = _! fall1 & :o w\ld will+ly h giv5 !m assi/ance out ( _! own pockets1 did n feel ju/ifi$ 9 giv+ him a position t c\ld be bett] fill$ by "s man 9 :om !y c\ld tru/4 ,?us among all 8 ri* fri5ds1 n "o ( :om felt unk9dly t[>d him1 !re 0 none to pu% him a plank ) :i* to save himself f dr[n+4 ,dick _h le>n$ all t 8 ho/s c\ld tell1 & kn[+ well h[ fe>fully rapid is a man's fall :5 once he is ov] ! precipice ( failure1 8 he>t 0 heavi] ?an x _h ev] be5 = tr\bles ( 8 own4 ,he s\ght to su/a9 8 "p 9 ! conv]sation1 feel+ t a sil5t gue/ seems selfi% & ungrateful1 & tri$ to laugh z he>tily at 8 fri5d's jokes z ev]2 b x 0 n )\t an ef=t1 & 8 fri5ds 7 ke5 & saw t he 0 tr\bl$4 ,i d n l x1 ,c>l grunt$ 9 8 deepe/ tones1 t ,*ri/mas night aft] ,dick _h gone & ! *ildr5 7 asleep2 ,i d n l x4 ,y mu/ n ?9k too h>dly ( him1 answ]$ ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 :o1 ) t sort ( p]ception wom5 obta9 :5 !y become wives1 knew h] husb& ref]r$ to ,dick's tr\bl$ mann]1 ! anxi\s way 9 :i* he _h ask$ ab\t ,miss ,br&on1 & 8 hot res5t+ ( ,c>l's c>eless words4 ,y are too h>d on him1 said ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 n because %e did n equally dislike x all1 b because !re w\ld be no conv]sation betwe5 !m if old m>ri$ folks 7 always to agree4 #ffi ,f9e ladies1 inde$6 mutt]$ ,mr4 ,/(fs1 puff+ away h>d] ?an ev]4 ,miss ,br&on--:at = %\ld he c>e if ,miss ,br&on 0 hurt1 m ?an = any o!r lady8 ,%e is poor en\gh n[1 said ,mrs4 ,/(fs mus+ly4 ,x w\ld n be s /range n[2 & "u h] brea? %e sigh$1 ,poor ,rose6 ,n t he has "o ?\ght ( su* a ?+1 ,c>l w5t on consi/5tly2 y wom5 always get su* ideas into y\r heads4 ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 be+ an exp]i5c$ wife1 rais$ no "q ab\t ! own]%ip ( ! ideas1 :atev] !y 71 b sat look+ into ! fire = a long "t be=e %e spoke aga91 & !n x 0 to say1 ,aft] all1 ,i am glad we 7 too poor to h ,rose come up = ,*ri/mas4 ,if %e w\ld n be satisfi$ ) :at we _h1 s am ,i1 grumbl$ ,mr4 ,/(fs4 ,i 0 n ?9k+ ( t1 answ]$ 8 wife mildly4 ,i "k ,h]emore's nev] su* a fool z to be ?9k+ ( "o s mu* above him z ,miss ,br&on1 rem>k$ ,mr4 ,/(fs4 ,%e is n above him n[ t !y are poor1 answ]$ 8 wife4 ,x isn't ! money t made ! diff]5ce1 said ,c>l r impati5tly1 x's ! habits t money gives4 ,t's :at is ! matt]4 ,miss ,br&on may n be half wor?y ( him1 & yet he w\ld be mad to ?9k ( h]2 x is mis]y :5 p m>ry out ( _! rank1 mis]y to bo?4 ,b if !y love ea* o!r8 sugge/$ 8 wife4 ,t only makes ! matt] worse2 he kn[s n h] ways4 ,%e has a language t is n 82 if !y did n c>e1 !y c\ld g _! own ways1 & seek _! own4 ,i ?9k ,h]emore is a great fool2 ,i d6 ,i don't believe he has a ?\ght ( su* a ?+1 said ,mrs4 ,/(fs2 b !re 0 a manife/ "q 9 h] voice4 ,if he has1 he'll rue ! day he ?\ght ( x fir/1 said h] husb& emphatically2 & !re ! conv]sation end$2 b :5 ,mrs4 ,/(fs wrote aga9 to ,mrs4 ,ala9e1 :i* %e did n d = "s "t--= to write a lett] 0 an ev5t 9 ! hone/ woman's life--%e ?\ght prop] to give h] si/] a h9t ( t :i* !y _h obs]v$2 & ,mrs4 ,ala9e1 9 h] turn1 ?\ght prop] to convey ! h9t1 9 ! =m ( in=mation1 to ,rose1 :o1 h[ev]1 answ]$ readily1 ,love ,miss ,br&on8 ,well1 mamma1 & :y %\ldn't he8 ,because ,miss ,br&on is n 9 ! same class ( life t he is1 de>4 ,i am sure ,mr4 ,h]emore is bett] (f ?an h] fa!r is n[1 urg$ ,rose2 = he has a regul> sal>y1 & ,mr4 ,br&on has no?+ left1 & nobody w give him any place4 ,no d\bt1 my *ild2 b x is n money t makes ! diff]5ce4 ,miss ,br&on has h] ideas ( life n[ j z %e _h !m :5 %e 0 ri*2 & ,mr4 ,h]emore is :at he is1 & w\ld n be diff]5t if he 7 sudd5ly made a millionaire4 ,s ,rose said no m4 ,:ile ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,/(fs 7 ?us di/urb$ ab\t him1 ,dick1 unconsci\s ( any cause he _h giv5 = _! disquietude1 0 walk+ sl[ly & ?\ghtfully home4 ,:]e 0 t little ,m>y ) h] fair hair & g5tle smile ?is cold ,*ri/mas night8 0 ! "q he kept putt+ to himself4 ,x 0 a cle>1 bright night1 ) ! moon %9+ on ! pavem5ts & ! froz5 e>?1 n at all su* a night z t dur+ :i* he _h slept by h] fa!r's /eps1 & !re 0 no fe> t h] fair head 0 %elt]less2 b /ill x 0 v sad to ?9k ( h]1 ^: ,*ri/mas days _h be5 su* pleasant ones1 9 m\rn+ = h] "m1 & p]haps 9 tr\bles su* z ^? :i* m5 he>1 b %udd] to see1 cl\d+ ! girli% y\? t is s %ort1 & %\ld be s sunny4 #fgj ,) ,god's help ,i'll f9d !m out be=e to-morr[ night if !y are 9 ?is city1 said ,dick to himself1 & !n walk$ on m rapidly4 ,& he kept 8 ^w1 ?\gh n )\t mu* tr\ble2 & )9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs he /ood 9 front ( ! wret*$ bo>d+-h\se to :i* pov]ty & sickness _h already r$uc$ ! family t1 a few mon?s be=e1 _h nev] dream$ ( ! mean+ ( want4 ,b ?\gh he _h f\nd !m out & /ood be=e _! door1 ,dick _h done & c\ld d no?+ to less5 _! tr\ble4 ,mr4 ,br&on _h n seem$ m unapproa*able :51 a ri* man1 he sc[l$ & said h>d words to ! ill-dress$ err&-boy--?an he n[ did to ! simple cl]k1 ?\gh ,dick himself 0 ri*] n[ ?an 0 ! once ri* m]*ant4 ,miss ,br&on 01 9 8 eyes1 n[ no less a lady1 belong+ to a sph]e f> above him1 ?an %e _h be5 :51 9 all ! glory ( weal?1 y\?1 & beauty1 he _h se5 h] ride d[n to ! ,/(fs's cottage to buy fl[]s = h] hair4 ,x seem$ to him great] presumption = him to ?9k ( approa*+ h] n[ ?an x w\ld h be5 !n1 s he pass$ & repass$ h] door1 griev$ = h] tr\ble1 b m griev$1 if possible1 t he1 ) 8 y\? & /r5g?1 %\ld be p[]less to give h] "o gra9 ( com=t4 ,h[ (t5 & (t51 z he _h wat*$ h]--%e all unconsci\s ( him & 8 grateful rev]5ce--9 h] days ( prosp]ity1 _h he dream$ ( h] z l "s damsel ( old5 romance 9 sore di/ress1 & ?\ght t nev] _h knight ru%$ m joy\sly or m pot5tly to ! rescue ?an he w\ld to h]s4 ,n[ 8 dream _h come to pass--%e 0 a damsel 9 sore di/ress2 b :]e 0 8 pranc+ /e$1 8 burni%$ armor1 8 ready lance8 ,!n1 z he smil$ 9 remembrance ( 8 boyi% fancy1 he sudd5ly ?\ght ( ,mr4 ,irv+1 ! g5tleman--j a boy's ideal ( a gallant knight--:om he _h se5 s (t5 ) ,miss ,br&on 9 ! c\ntry4 ,he recollect$ well ! manly be>+ ( t p]fect g5tleman1 :om he & ,rose _h look$ ^u z a v]itable ,sir ,launcelot2 he _h se5 _m an act ( g5tle c\rtesy %[n 9 a grave1 t5d] way1 to ! fair lady by ^: side he always rode2 & :]e 0 he n[ t t fair lady ne$$ h] knight z nev] be=e8 ,!re 0 no?+ morbid or bitt] ab\t ,dick4 ,:5 he ask$ himself t "q1 x 0 ) no ?\ght ( ! common judgm5t pron\nc$ ^u summ] fri5ds4 ,he recogniz$ ,mr4 ,irv+'s "r to aid & com=t ! family ( 8 =m] ho/4 ,he knew t he _h weal?1 position1 "*1 &1 ( c\rse1 ample influ5ce1 & n = an in/ant d\bt$ t he w\ld use e means 9 8 p[] to befri5d ,mr4 ,br&on1 if only = ! sake ( t beautiful daught] :om he s evid5tly admir$4 ,:]e1 !n1 0 ,mr4 ,irv+8 ,if he _h be5 "h1 all ?is c\ld n h happ5$4 ,b z ,dick ask$ himself ?is1 x did n occur to him t ,m>y ?\ght z he ?\ght3 if ,mr4 ,irv+ _h be5 "h1 all ?is w\ld n h happ5$4 #fga ,at la/ ,dick1 fully conv9c$ t he w\ld be guilty ( no presumption 9 speak+ 8 m9d to ,mr4 ,irv+ on ?is subject1 *e]fully turn$ 8 /eps homew>d1 & resolv$ t ! fir/ mom5t he _h ( 8 own %\ld be sp5t 9 seek+ ,mr4 ,irv+1 & in=m+ him ( :at he c\ld n n[ be aw>e (1 ! d[nfall ( ! ,br&ons4 ,= ! fall ( ! ,br&ons1 z he he>d f "o or two :o knew1 _h be5 v great1 v rapid1 &1 x 0 fe>$1 0 n yet complet$4 ,mr4 ,br&on _h nev] held 8 head up s9ce 8 failure1 b dragg$ ar\nd1 %abbily dress$1 qu]ul\s & half-sick1 deject$ & cle>ly mis]able4 ,8 two sons _h be5 giv5 v poor situations1 on v nigg>dly pay1 by a relative 9 ano!r city1 :o1 hav+ always be5 odi\sly cr++ to ,mr4 ,br&on :5 he _h money1 seem$ to delight n[ 9 heap+ humiliations ^u 8 sons4 ,s great a crime x 0 9 8 eyes to be bett] br$1 bett] educat$1 & m k9dly c>$ = ?an 7 8 own rude1 blu/]+1 ignorant boys4 ,if only ,fr$ & ,joe _h be5 taught :5ce come adv]sity & prosp]ity1 d\btless ^! humiliations w\ld h be5 cr[ns ( glory = !m2 b !irs _h be5 only a vague1 dreamy sort ( fai?1 :i* !y nev] suspect$ _h any application to _! real life4 ,i d>e say !y 7 v idle1 useless1 self-conceit$ & aggravat+ boys2 b ,i c't help feel+ sorry = !m 9 _! tr\bles4 ,miss ,br&on1 ,dick 0 told1 _h n recov]$ h] /r5g? s9ce ! accid5t1 & h[ev] well %e might h be51 ) all h] accompli%m5ts1 c\ld n h done m ?an %e 0 n[ do+3 giv+ music-lessons to a few p]sons resid+ ne> h] new home4 ,b all hope ( see+ ,mr4 ,irv+ fad$ ! fir/ ?+ ! next day2 = ,dick's que/ions br\ght ! unwelcome in=mation t he _h left home 9 ,octob] = two ye>s' travel 9 ,europe1 & ,dick1 ( c\rse1 c\ld n presume to write to him4 ---------- ,port]'s ,human ,intellect4 ,footnote #bgb ,footnote #bgb3 ,! ,human ,intellect2 ) an ,introduction ^u ,psy*ology & ! ,s\l4 ,by ,noah ,port]1 ,d4,d41 ,cl>k ,pr(essor ( ,moral ,philosophy & ,metaphysics 9 ,yale ,college4 ,new-,york3 ,scribn] ,co4 #ahfh4 #hvo1 pp4 #fgc4 ,?is =midable volume is1 unless we except ,pr(essor ,hickok's "w on ,rational ,psy*ology1 ! mo/ consid]able attempt t has be5 made among u to con/ruct a philosophy ( ! human und]/&+4 ,pr(essor ,port] is able1 pati5t1 indu/ri\s1 & le>n$4 ,he kn[s ! lit]ature ( 8 subject1 & has no little facility & fairness 9 seiz+ & sett+ =? ! comm&+ po9ts 9 ! views & !ories ( o!rs2 b1 :ile he %[s great famili>ity ) metaphysical & psy*ological que/ions1 & "s ju/ness & delicacy z an analyz] ( facts1 he seems to u to lack ! true philosophical in/9ct1 & t syn!tic grasp ( ?\ght :i* seizes facts 9 _! pr9ciples & g5etic relations1 & r$uces !m to a dialectic :ole1 )\t :i* "o _c be a philosoph]4 #fgb ,! pr(essor's book is a h>d1 book = u to read1 & /ill h>d] = u to und]/&4 ,its me*anical aspect1 ) ?ree or f\r diff]5t sizes ( type on ! same page1 is repulsive to u1 & prejudices u aga9/ x4 ,x is n absolutely dull1 b x is r heavy1 & x requires resolution to read x4 ,x has no?+ attractive or enliv5+1 & x deals s mu* ) p>ticul>s & details t x is difficult = ! read] to c>ry :at he reads along 9 8 memory4 ,ev5 :5 we h 9 our m9ds :at ! au?or actually says1 x is n easy to und]/& x1 or det]m9e :i* ( sev]al possible mean+s he adopts4 ,n t 8 language1 ?\gh seldom exact or precise1 & disfigur$ occasionally by ne$less b>b>isms1 & a t]m9ology :i* we hope is n yet 9 good usage1 is n cle> en\gh = any "o accu/om$ to philosophical /udies1 nor is x t 8 s5t5ces are involv$ & h>d to be con/ru$1 or t 8 /atem5ts1 tak5 z isolat$ /atem5ts1 are n intelligible2 b x is h>d to det]m9e _! mean+ & value f 8 po9t ( view1 & 9 relation to 8 sy/em z a :ole4 ,8 book is compos$ ( p>ticul>s1 ( m9ute & n seldom commonplace obs]vations1 )\t any p]ceptible sci5tific r$uction to ! pr9ciple :i* g5]ates1 co-ord9ates1 & expla9s !m4 ,x is b fair to ! pr(essor to say1 9 ! outset1 t 8 book belongs to a class ( books :i* we seldom read & he>tily dete/4 ,x is n a "w ( philosophy1 or an attempt ev5 to give u a sci5ce ( ?+s 9 _! pr9ciples & causes1 _! progress & de/9y1 b m]ely a ,wiss5s*aftslehre1 or sci5ce ( kn[+4 ,its problem is n :at is or :at exi/s2 b :at is kn[+1 h[ d ,i "k1 & h[ d ,i "k t ,i "k8 ,) all def]5ce to ! ,fi*teans1 we v5ture to ass]t t !re is & c be no sci5ce ( kn[+ sep>ate f ! sci5ce ( ?+s1 di/9ct f & indep5d5t ( ! subject kn[+4 ,we "k1 says all t1 we "k t we "k1 says4 ,he :o kn[s1 kn[s t he kn[s2 & if "o 7 to d\bt t kn[+ is kn[+1 we mu/ let him d\bt1 = we h only kn[+ ) :i* to prove t kn[+ is kn[+4 ,we c by no possible anatomical dissection ( ! eye1 or physiological description ( its functions1 expla9 ! secret ( ext]nal vision4 ,we are told t we see n ext]nal objects !mselves1 b _! pictures pa9t$ by ! light on ! ret9a1 & x is only by !m t we appreh5d visible objects4 ,b suppose x s1 x br+s u no ne>] to ! secret ( vision4 ,h[ d we see ! picture8 ,h[ by means ( ! picture appreh5d ! ext]nal object8 ,yet ! man :o sees kn[s he sees1 & all t c be said is1 t to elicit ! visual act !re mu/ be ! visible subject1 ! visible object1 & ! light :i* m$iates betwe5 !m & illum9ates !m bo?4 ,s is x ) intellectual vision4 ,we may asc]ta9 "s ( ! conditions "u :i* we "k1 b ! kn[+ itself is to u an inexplicable my/]y4 ,no dissection or possible inspection ( ! s\l c expla9 x1 or ?r[ ! lea/ light on x4 ,all t c be said is1 t to ! fact ( k1 :atev] its degree or its region1 !re mu/ be ! intellective subject1 ! intelligible object1 & ! intellectual light :i* places !m 9 mutual relation & illum9es alike bo? subject & object4 ,hav+ said ?is1 we h said all t c be said4 ,h5ce works int5d$ to con/ruct ! sci5ce ( sci5ce1 or k1 are n only useless1 b worse ?an useless2 =1 deal+ ) ab/ractions :i* h no exi/5ce 9 nature1 & treat+ !m z if real1 !y mislead & p]plex ! /ud5t1 & r5d] obscure & d\btful :at )\t !m is cle> & c]ta94 #fgc ,pr(essor ,port] is a psy*ologi/1 & places all ! activity 9 ! fact ( k on ! side ( ! s\l1 ev5 9 ! intuition ( pr9ciples1 )\t :i* ! s\l c nei!r exi/1 nor ?9k1 nor feel4 ,8 purpose 9 8 ,introduction is to e/abli% ! unity & immat]iality--spirituality1 he says1 ( ! s\l aga9/ ! mat]iali/s--& to v9dicate psy*ology n only z a sci5ce1 b z an inductive sci5ce4 ,) reg>d to ! unity & immat]iality ( ! s\l1 we hold ) ! pr(essor1 ?\gh !y are n provable or demon/rable by 8 me?od2 & we recognize great tru? & =ce 9 8 criticisms on mat]ialism1 ( :i* we h to deplore 9 ! sci5tific _w1 & ev5 9 popul> lit]ature1 ! recrudesc5ce4 ,t psy*ology is1 9 a second>y s5se1 a sci5ce1 we d n d5y2 b we d d5y t x is ei!r ! prima philosophia z ! pr(essor ass]ts1 or an inductive sci5ce1 z he endeavors to prove4 ,all ! inductive sci5ces are second>y sci5ces1 & presuppose a fir/ sci5ce1 :i* is /rictly ! sci5ce ( ! sci5ces4 ,induction1 ! pr(essor himself ma9ta9s1 has ne$ ( c]ta9 fir/ pr9ciples1 or a priori assumptions1 :i* prec$e & validate x4 ,h[ c psy*ology be ! prima philosophia1 or fir/ philosophy1 :5 x c be con/ruct$ only by borr[+ its pr9ciples f a high] or prior sci5ce8 ,or h[ c x be ! fir/ philosophy1 :5 t w\ld suppose t ! pr9ciples :i* ! inductive sci5ces dem& to validate ! inductive process are conta9$ 9 & d]iv$ f ! s\l8 ,is ! pr(essor prep>$ to ma9ta9 t ! s\l is ! fir/ pr9ciple ( all ! sci5ces8 ,t w\ld imply t %e is ! fir/ pr9ciple ( ?+s1 ( reality itself2 = sci5ce is ( ! real1 n ( ! unreal4 ,b ?is 7 pure ,fi*teism1 & w\ld put ! s\l 9 ! place ( ,god4 ,! pr(essor w\ld %r9k f ?is4 ,he1 !n1 mu/ h made ! ass]tion t psy*ology is ! prima philosophia some:at ha/ily1 & )\t due reflection2 unless inde$ he di/+ui%es betwe5 ! fir/ pr9ciples ( sci5ce & ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ?+s4 ,! inductive sci5ces are con/ruct$ by induction f ! obs]vation & analysis ( facts :i* ! s\l has ! appropriate organs = obs]v+4 ,b psy*ology is ! sci5ce ( ! s\l1 its nature1 p[]s or faculties1 & op]ations2 & if an inductive sci5ce1 x mu/ be con/ruct$ by induction f psy*ical facts obs]v$ & analyz$ 9 ! s\l by ! s\l h]self4 ,! !ory is v simple4 ,! s\l1 by ! ext]nal s5ses1 obs]ves & analyzes ! facts ( ! ext]nal _w1 & con/ructs by induction ! physical sci5ces2 by h] int]nal s5se1 call$ consci\sness1 %e obs]ves & analyzes ! _w )9 h]self1 & by way ( induction f ! facts or ph5om5a %e obs]ves1 con/ructs psy*ology1 or ! sci5ce ( h]self4 ,unhappily = ! psy*ologue1 ?+s d n g s simply4 ,to ?is !ory !re are two grave objections3 ,fir/1 ! s\l has no int]nal s5se by :i* %e c obs]ve h]self1 h] acts or /ates 9 h]self2 & second1 !re are no purely psy*ical facts to be obs]v$4 #fgd ,! pr(essor f9ds ! s\l's faculty ( obs]v+ ! facts ( ! int]nal _w 9 consci\sness1 :i* he def9es to be ! p[] by :i* ! s\l kn[s its own acts & /ates4 ,b consci\sness is n a p[] or faculty1 b an act ( kn[+1 & is simply ! recognition ( ! s\l by ! s\l h]self z ! subject act+4 ,we p]ceive always1 & all t is be=e u )9 ! range ( our p]cipi5t p[]s2 b we d n always di/+ui% & note ea* object p]ceiv$1 or recognize ! fact t x is we :o are ! subject p]ceiv+4 ,! fact ( consci\sness is precisely 9 ! simple p]ception be+ s int5sifi$ & prolong$ t ! s\l n only appreh5ds ! object1 b recognizes itself z ! subject appreh5d+ x4 ,x is n1 z ! pr(essor ma9ta9s at great l5g? 9 ,"p ,i41 a pres5tative p[]2 = x is always a reflex act1 & dem&s some?+ ( memory4 ,b ! recognition by ! s\l 9 h] acts z ! subject act+ is some?+ v diff]5t f ! s\l obs]v+ & analyz+ 9 h]self h] own p[]s & faculties4 ,! s\l nev] kn[s h]self 9 h]self2 %e only recognizes h]self "u ! relation ( subject 9 h] acts4 ,recogniz+ h]self only z subject1 %e c nev] cognize h]self z object1 & /&1 z x 71 face to face ) h]self4 ,%e is nev] h] own object 9 ! act ( kn[+2 = %e is all on ! side ( ! subject4 ,%e _c be on "o side subject1 & on ! o!r object4 ,only ,god c be 8 own object2 & 8 contemplat+ ( himself z object1 !ologians %[ u1 is ! ,et]nal ,g5]ation ( ! ,son1 or ! ,^w4 ,man1 ,/4 ,?omas tells u1 is n intelligible 9 himself2 = he is n intellig5s 9 himself4 ,if ! s\l c\ld "k h]self 9 h]self1 %e c\ld be h] own object2 if h] own object1 %e w\ld suffice = h]self2 !n %e w\ld be real1 necess>y1 self-exi/5t1 indep5d5t be+2 t is to say1 ! s\l w\ld be ,god4 ,we d5y n t ! s\l c "k h]self z manife/$ 9 h] acts1 b t %e c "k h]self 9 h]self1 & be ! object ( h] own ?\ght4 ,i c n look into my own eyes1 yet ,i c see my face z reflect$ 9 ! glass4 ,s ! s\l kn[s h]self1 & h] p[]s & faculties2 b only z reflect$ f1 or mirror$ 91 ! objects 9 conjunction ) :i* %e acts4 ,h5ce ! p[]s & faculties are n le>n$ by any obs]vation ( ! s\l h]self1 b f ! object4 ,! s\l is a unit1 & acts always z a unit2 b1 ?\gh act+ always 9 h] unity1 %e c act 9 diff]5t directions1 & 9 relation to diff]5t objects1 & x is 9 ?is fact t orig9ates ! di/9ction ( p[]s & faculties4 ,! di/9ction is n 9 ! s\l h]self1 = %e is a unit1 b 9 ! object1 & h5ce ! s*oolm5 tea* u t x is ! object t det]m9es ! faculty4 ,x is n ! s\l 9 h]self t we mu/ /udy 9 ord] to asc]ta9 ! faculties1 b ! s\l 9 h] op]ations1 or ! objects 9 relation ) :i* %e acts4 ,we "k ! s\l has ! p[] to "k1 by kn[+1 to w1 by will+1 to feel1 by feel+4 ,:ile1 !n1 ! s\l has p[] to "k h]self s f> z mirror$ by ! objects1 %e has no p[] to obs]ve & analyze h]self 9 h]self1 & !re=e no p[] ( direct obs]vation & analysis ( ! facts f :i* psy*ology1 z an inductive sci5ce1 mu/ be con/ruct$4 ,b !re are no su* facts z is assum$ to be obs]v$ & analyz$4 ,! au?or speaks ( objects :i* are purely psy*ical1 :i* h no exi/5ce out ( ! s\l h]self2 b !re are & c be no facts1 or acts1 produc$ by ! s\l's own en]gy alone4 ,! s\l1 = ! be/ ( all possible reasons1 nev] acts alone1 = %e does n exi/ alone4 #fge ,?\ght1 says ,c\s91 is a fact t is compos$ ( ?ree simultane\s & indissoluble elem5ts1 ! subject1 ! object1 & ! =m4 ,! subject is always ! s\l1 le ,moi1 ! object is some?+ n ! s\l1 le non-,moi1 & ! =m is always ! relation ( ! two4 ,! object is insep>able f ! subject z an elem5t ( ! ?\ght1 b x exi/s di/9ct f & indep5d5t ( ! s\l1 & :5 x is n ?\ght z well z :5 x is2 o!rwise x c\ld n be object1 s9ce ! s\l is all on ! side ( ! subject4 ,! s\l acts only 9 conjunction ) ! object1 because %e is n suffici5t = h]self1 & !re=e _c suffice = h] own activity4 ,! object1 if passive1 is z if x 7 n1 & c af=d no aid to ! fact ( ?\ght4 ,x mu/1 !re=e1 be active1 & !n ! ?\ght w be ! jo9t product ( ! two activities4 ,x is a grave mi/ake1 !n1 to suppose t ! activity 9 ?\ght is all on ! side ( ! s\l4 ,! s\l _c ?9k )\t ! concurr5t activity ( t :i* is n ! s\l4 ,!re is no product possible 9 any ord] )\t two factors plac$ 9 relation ) ea* o!r4 ,god1 f ! pl5itude ( 8 be+1 conta9s bo? factors 9 8 own ess5ce2 b 9 creatures !y are di/9ct f & indep5d5t ( ea* o!r4 ,we d n =get ! intellectus ag5s ( ,/4 ,?omas1 b x is n q c]ta9 :at he meant by x4 ,! holy doctor does n ass]t x z a faculty ( ! s\l1 & repres5t its activity z purely psy*ical4 ,or if x be insi/$ t he does1 he at lea/ n[h]e ass]ts1 implies1 or intimates t x is active )\t ! concurr5ce ( ! object3 = he ev5 goes s f> z to ma9ta9 t ! l[] acts only z put 9 motion by ! high]1 & ! t]re/rial by ! cele/ial4 ,h5ce ! praemotio physica ( ! ,?omi/s1 & ! necessity 9 conv]sion ( praev5i5t grace--gratia praev5i5s4 ,b ev5 grant+ t !re is ! class ( facts alleg$1 & t we h ! p[] to obs]ve & analyze !m1 z1 9 ! language ( ,c\s91 !y pass ov] ! field ( consci\sness1 we _c by induction atta9 to _! pr9ciple & causes2 = induction itself1 )\t ! fir/ pr9ciples ( all sci5ce1 n suppli$ by x1 c give u only a classification1 g5]alization1 an hypo!sis1 or an ab/ract !ory1 void ( all reality4 ,! univ]sal _c be conclud$1 by way ( induction1 f p>ticul>s1 any m ?an p>ticul>s c be conclud$1 by way ( d$uction1 f ! univ]sal4 ,till validat$ 9 ! prima philosophia1 or ref]r$ to ! fir/ pr9ciples1 )\t :i* ! s\l c nei!r act nor exi/1 ! classifications & g5]alizations atta9$ to by induction are only facts1 only p>ticul>s1 f :i* no g5]al conclusion c be drawn4 ,sci5ce is k inde$2 b ! t]m is g5]ally us$ 9 ,engli% to express ! r$uction ( facts & p>ticul>s to _! pr9ciples & causes4 ,b 9 all ! second>y sci5ces ! pr9ciples & causes are !mselves only facts1 till c>ri$ up to ! fir/ pr9ciples & causes ( all ! real & all ! kn[able4 ,n )\t reason1 !n1 has !ology be5 call$ ! que5 ( ! sci5ces1 nor )\t w>rant t m51 :o d n hold t all *ange is progress1 ma9ta9 t ! displacem5t1 9 mod]n times1 ( ?is que5 f h] ?rone has _h a delet]i\s effect on sci5ce1 & t5d$ to dissipate & enfeeble ! human m9d itself4 #fgf ,we h no philosoph]s n[adays ( ! n]ve ( ,plato & ,ari/otle1 ! great ,*ri/ian fa!rs1 or ! m$iaeval doctors1 none ( :om ev] dream$ ( sep>at+ !ology & philosophy4 ,ev5 ! m5 ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies _h a grasp ( ?\ght1 a robu/ vigor ( m9d1 & a philosophic insight into ! tru? ( ?+s & _! high] relations t y look 9 va9 = 9 ! philosoph]s ( ! eighte5? c5tury & ( our own4 ,b ?is by ! way4 ,:5 ?+s are at ! wor/1 !y sometimes m5d4 ,psy*ology1 n psy*ologism1 is a sci5ce1 ?\gh n an inductive sci5ce1 nor a sci5ce t c be atta9$ to by ! /udy ( ! s\l & h] ph5om5a 9 ! bosom ( consci\sness4 ,! psy*ologi/s--^?1 we mean1 :o adopt ! psy*ological me?od1 a me?od seldom adopt$ be=e ! fam\s cogito1 ergo sum ( ,desc>tes--seem incapable ( compreh5d+ t only ! real is cognizable1 & t ab/ractions are n real b unreal2 & !re=e t ! fir/ pr9ciples ( sci5ce mu/ be real1 n ab/ract1 & ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ?+s4 ,?us ,pr(essor ,port] appe>s to see no real connection betwe5 !m4 ,true1 he says1 7p4 #fd17 ,k & be+ are correlatives4 ,!re mu/ be be+ 9 ord] t !re may be k4 ,!re c be no k :i* is n ! k ( be+4 ,subjectively view$1 to "k implies c]ta9ty2 objectively1 x requires reality4 ,an act ( kn[+ 9 :i* !re is no c]ta9ty 9 ! ag5t1 & no reality 9 ! object1 is impossible 9 conception & 9 fact4 ,?is w\ld seem to ass]t t only be+ c be kn[n1 or t :atev] is kn[n is real be+1 :i* is go+ too f> & fall+ into ontologism4 ,only be+ is intelligible p] se2 b exi/5ces :i* are f be+ & p>ticipate ( be+1 ?\gh n intelligible 9 or by !mselves1 s9ce !y d n exi/ 9 & by !mselves1 may yet be really kn[n by ! light ( be+ :i* creates !m4 ,we "k by be+1 z well z be+ itself4 ,b be n al>m$4 ,! pr(essor's be+1 ! only object ( k1 8 reality )\t :i* !re is no cognizable object1 is no?+ v =midable2 = he tells u1 9 small] type1 on ! same page1 t we mu/ di/+ui% diff]5t k9ds ( objects & diff]5t k9ds ( reality4 ,!y may be =m$ by ! m9d1 & exi/ only = ! m9d t =ms !m1 or !y may exi/ 9 fact & space = all m9ds1 & yet 9 ea* case !y are equally objects4 ,_! reality may be m5tal & int]nal1 or mat]ial & ext]nal1 b 9 ea* case x is equally a reality4 ,! ?\ght t d>ts into ! fancy & is gone z soon1 ! illusion t crosses ! bra9 ( ! lunatic1 ! vision t fright5s ! gho/-se]1 ! spectrum :i* ! cam]a pa9ts on ! scre51 ! r$d5$ l&scape se5 ?r\gh a color$ l5s1 ! yell[ objects :i* ! jaundic$ eye _c avoid behold+1 ea* z really exi/s z does ! matt] ( ! solid e>?1 or ! et]nal =ces ( ! cosmical sy/em4 ,! et]nal =ces ( ! cosmical sy/em c be only ,god1 :o only is et]nal4 ,s ! illusions ( fancy1 ! halluc9ations ( ! lunatic1 & ! et]nal1 self-exi/5t1 necess>y be+ :om we call ,god1 & :o names himself ,i ,,am ,,t ,,am1 ,,sum ,,qui ,,sum1 are alike be+1 & equally real6 ,! le>n$ au?or tells u else:]e t we call by ! "n be+ be+s ( v diff]5t k9ds & sorts1 ow+ to ! pov]ty ( our language1 :i* supplies b "o "n = !m4 ,he w p]mit u to say t we suspect ! pov]ty is n 9 ! language4 #fgg ,we h 9 ! language two words :i* s]ve u to m>k ! precise diff]5ce betwe5 t :i* is 91 f1 & by itself alone1 & t :i* exi/s 91 f1 & by be+4 ,! fir/ is be+1 ! o!r is exi/5ce4 ,be+ is prop]ly appli$ only to ,god1 :o is1 n ,supreme ,be+1 z is (t5 said1 b ! "o only be+1 ! only "o t c say1 ,i ,,am ,,t ,,am1 or ,,qui ,,e/2 & x %[s h[ /rictly language repres5ts ! real ord] t 9 no tongue c we make an ass]tion )\t ! v]b ,,to ,,be1 t is1 only by be+1 t is1 aga91 only by ,god himself4 ,exi/5ce expla9s itself4 ,exi/5ces are n be+1 b1 z ! ex implies1 are f be+1 t is1 f him 9 :om is _! be+1 z ,sa9t ,paul says1 ,= 9 him we live1 & move1 & are1 vivimus1 et movemur1 et sumus4 ,reality includes be+ & all t is f & by be+1 or simply be+ & exi/5ces4 ,no?+ else is real or conceivable2 =1 ap>t f ,god & :at he creates1 or besides ,god & 8 creatures1 !re is no?+1 & no?+ is no?+1 & no?+ is n intelligible or cognizable4 ,dr4 ,port] und]/&s by reality or be+ only :at is an object ( k1 or ( ! m9d 9 kn[+1 ?\gh x may h no exi/5ce out ( ! m9d1 or1 z say ! s*oolm51 a p>te rei4 ,h5ce1 ?\gh ! s\l is c]ta9 t ! object exi/s relatively to h] act ( kn[+1 %e is n c]ta9 t x is some?+ exi/+ 9 nature4 ,h[1 !n1 prove t !re is any?+ to correspond to ! m5tal object1 idea1 or conception8 ,9 8 ,second ,"p1 :i* treats ( ! repres5tative p[]1 he tells u t ! objects repres5t$ & cogniz$ 9 ! repres5tation are purely psy*ical1 & exi/ only 9 ! s\l & = ! s\l alone4 ,^!1 !n1 d n exi/ 9 nature2 !y are1 9 ! ord9>y use ( ! t]m1 unreal1 illusory1 & *im]ical1 z ! au?or himself confesses4 ,if ! object ( k c be 9 any in/ance unreal1 *im]ical1 illusory1 or ) no exi/5ce except 9 & = ! s\l itself1 :y may x n be s 9 e in/ance1 & all our k be an illusion8 ,h[ prove t 9 any fact ( k !re is cognition ( an object t exi/s di/9ct f & indep5d5t ( ! subject8 ,"h is ! pons as9orum ( exclusive psy*ologi/s4 ,!re is no cross+ ! bridge f ! subjective to ! objective1 = !re is no bridge !re1 & subject & object mu/ bo? be giv5 simultane\sly 9 "o & ! same act1 or nei!r is giv54 ,dr4 ,port]1 inde$1 gives ! subjective & :at he calls ! objective1 toge!r1 9 "o & ! same ?\ght2 b he leaves ! way op5 = ! "q1 :e!r ! object does or does n exi/ di/9ct f & indep5d5t ( ! subject4 ,?is is ! difficulty "o has ) ,locke's ,essay on ! ,und]/&+4 ,locke makes ideas ! imm$iate object ( ! cognitive act2 = he def9es !m to be t ) :i* ! m9d is imm$iately conv]sant4 ,if ! s\l c elicit ! cognitive act ) ^! ideas1 :i* x is n pret5d$ are ?+s1 h[ prove t !re is any real _w beyond !m8 ,x has nev] be5 done1 & nev] c be done2 = we h only ! s\l1 = ^: activity ! idea or concept suffices1 ) :i* to d x1 & h5ce ! importance to psy*ologi/s ( ! "q1 ,h[ d we "k t we "k8 & :i* !y c answ] only by a p>alogism1 or assum+ ! reality ( k ) :i* to prove k real4 ,= ! philosoph] !re is no su* "q1 & no?+ detracts s mu* f ! philosophical g5ius ( ! illu/ri\s ,balmes z 8 ass]tion t all philosophy turns on ! "q ( c]ta9ty4 #fgh ,! philosoph]1 hold+ t to "k is to "k1 has1 aft] kn[+1 or hav+ ?\ght ! object1 no "q ( c]ta9ty to ask or to answ]4 ,! c]ta9ty t ! object exi/s 9 nature is 9 ! fact t ! s\l ?9ks x4 ,! object is always a =ce or activity di/9ct f & indep5d5t ( ! subject1 & s9ce x is an activity x mu/ be ei!r real be+ or real exi/5ce4 ,! error ( ! au?or1 z ( all psy*olog]s1 is n 9 assum+ t ! s\l _c ?9k )\t ! concurr5ce ( ! object1 or t ! object is n really object 9 relation to ! s\l's cognitive p[]1 b 9 suppos+ t ! s\l c f9d ! object 9 t :i* has no real exi/5ce4 ,he assumes t ab/ractions or m5tal conceptions1 :i* h no real exi/5ce aside f ! concrete or reality f :i* ! m9d =ms !m1 may be real objects ( ! s\l 9 ! fact ( k4 ,b no ab/ractions or conceptions exi/ a p>te rei4 ,!re are :ite ?+s & r\nd ?+s1 b no su* exi/5ce z :it5ess or r\ndness4 ,^! & o!r ab/ractions are =m$ by ! m9d op]at+ on ! concretes1 & tak+ !m "u "o aspect1 or g5]aliz+ a quality !y h 9 common ) all concretes ( _! class1 & pay+ no he$ to any?+ else 9 ! concrete object4 ,b ^! ab/ractions or g5]al conceptions are cognizable & appreh5d$ by ! m9d only 9 ! appreh5sion ( _! concretes1 :ite or r\nd ?+s4 ,!y are1 z ab/ract$ f :ite ?+s or r\nd ?+s1 no m objects ( ?\ght or ( ?\ght-k ?an ( s5sible p]ception4 ,we speak ( ab/ractions :i* are simply nullities1 n ( g5]a & species1 or univ]sals prop]1 :i* are n ab/ractions b real2 yet ev5 ^! d n exi/ ap>t f ! individual4 ,!y & _! individuals subsi/ always toge!r 9 a syn!tic relation1 & ?\gh di/+ui%able are nev] sep>able4 ,! species is n a m]e "n1 a m]e m5tal conception or g5]alization2 x is real1 b exi/s & is kn[n only z individualiz$4 ,! unreal is un9telligible1 &1 l all negation1 is intelligible only 9 ! reality d5i$4 ,! s\l1 !n1 c ?9k or "k only ! real1 only real be+1 or real exi/5ces by ! light ( real be+4 ,if ! s\l c "k only ! real1 %e c "k ?+s only 9 _! real ord]1 & consequ5tly ! ord] ( ! real & ( ! kn[able is ! same1 & ! pr9ciples ( ! real are ! pr9ciples ( sci5ce4 ,! s\l is an intellig5t exi/5ce1 & ! pr9ciples1 causes1 & conditions ( h] exi/5ce are ! pr9ciples1 causes1 & conditions ( h] intellig5ce1 & !re=e ( h] actual k4 ,we h1 !n1 only to asc]ta9 ! pr9ciples ( ! real to det]m9e ! pr9ciples ( sci5ce4 ,! pr9ciples ( ! real are giv5 u 9 ! fir/ v]se ( ,g5esis3 ,9 ! beg9n+ ,god creat$ heav5 & e>?1 & 9 ! fir/ article ( ! ,cre$1 ,i believe 9 "o ,god1 mak] ( heav5 & e>?1 & all ?+s visible & invisible4 ,or1 z /at$ 9 /rictly sci5tific t]ms1 z affirm$ 9 intuition1 ,be+ creates exi/5ces4 ,! real & necess>y be+ giv5 9 ! sci5tific =mula or intuition is inde$ ,god2 b ?is is n intuitively kn[n1 & c be kn[n only discursively or by contemplation & reflection4 ,we mu/ n1 !n1 9 /at+ ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ! real1 & ( k z giv5 9 intuition1 use ! t]m ,god1 b be+4 ,we "k by intuition be+1 b d n by intuition "k t be+ is ,god4 ,h5ce ! mi/ake ( ^? :o say we h intuition ( ,god1 or "k by intuition t ,god is4 #fgi ,we h intuition ( t :i* is ,god1 b n t :at is giv5 is ,god4 ,ontology is a mo/ ess5tial "p ( philosophy2 b exclusive ontologi/s are z mu* sophi/s z are exclusive psy*ologi/s4 ,! fir/ pr9ciples ( reality are be+1 exi/5ce1 & ! creative act ( be+1 :5ce ! ideal =mula or judgm5t1 ,be+ creates exi/5ces4 ,?is is ! primum 9 ! real ord]4 ,all t is real & n necess>y & self-suffic+ be+ mu/ be f be+2 = )\t real uncreat$ be+ !re c be no?+1 & exi/5ces are some?+ only 9 s f> z !y p>ticipate ( be+4 ,?+s c exi/ f be+1 or hold f x1 only by virtue ( its creative act1 :i* produces !m by its own en]gy f no?+1 & su/a9s !m z exi/5t4 ,!re is only ! creative act by :i* exi/5ces c proce$ f be+4 ,emanation1 g5]ation1 evolution1 :i* h be5 ass]t$ z ! mode ( procession ( exi/5ces1 give no?+ really or sub/antially di/+ui%able f be+4 ,exi/5ces1 !n1 c really proce$ f be+ only by ! creative act1 &1 inde$1 only by ! free creative act ( be+2 = necess>y creation is no creation at all1 & c be only a developm5t or evolution ( be+ itself4 ,9 !ological language1 !n1 ,god & creation include all ! real2 :at is n ,god is creature or exi/5ce1 & :at is n creature or exi/5ce is ,god4 ,!re is no reality :i* is nei!r ,god nor creature1 no t]tium quid betwe5 be+ & exi/5ce1 or betwe5 exi/5ce & no?+4 ,! primum ( ! real is1 !n1 ! ideal =mula or div9e judgm5t1 ,ens creat exi/5tias1 = x affirms 9 _! pr9ciple & _! real relation all t is & all t exi/s4 ,?is =mula is a prop] judgm5t1 = x has all ! t]ms & relations ( a judgm5t1 subject1 pr$icate1 & copula4 ,be+ is ! subject1 exi/5ces is ! pr$icate1 & ! creative act ! copula1 :i* at once unites ! pr$icate to ! subject & di/+ui%es x f x4 ,x is div9e1 because x is a priori1 ! primum ( ! real2 & z only ! real is intelligible or kn[able1 x mu/ prec$e z its pr9ciple1 type1 & condition1 e judgm5t t c be =m$ by an exi/5ce or creature1 & !re=e c be only ! judgm5t ( ,god affirm+ 8 own be+ & creat+ ! univ]se & all ?+s1 visible & invisible1 !re94 ,n[1 z ! s\l c only "k ! real1 ?is div9e judgm5t mu/ be n only ! primum ( ! real1 b ( ! kn[able2 & s9ce ! s\l c "k only z %e exi/s1 9 ! real relations 9 :i* %e /&s1 & kn[s only by ! aid ( ! object on :i* %e dep5ds = h] exi/5ce & activity1 x foll[s t ?is judgm5t is ! primum sci5tificum1 or ! pr9ciple ( all real or possible sci5ce4 ,is x ask$1 ,h[ is ?is kn[n or prov$1 if n by psy*ological obs]vation & analysis8 ,! answ] is1 by ! analysis ( ?\ght1 :i* discloses ! div9e judgm5t z its idea1 or necess>y & apodictic elem5t4 ,?is is n psy*ologism nor ! adoption ( ! psy*ological me?od4 ,psy*ologism />ts f ! assumption t ?\ght1 z to ! activity t produces x1 :atev] may or may n be its object1 is purely psy*ical1 & t ! ontological1 if obta9able at all1 is s by an induction f psy*ological facts4 ,! fir/ assumption is disprov$ by ! fact j %[n1 t ?\ght is n produc$ or producible by ! psy*ical activity alone1 b by ! jo9t action ( ! two factors subject & object1 9 :i* bo? are affirm$4 #fhj ,! o!r assumption is dispos$ ( by ! fact t :at is f\nd 9 ! analysis ( ?\ght is n p>ticul> facts or ph5om5a f :i* ! fir/ pr9ciples are conclud$ by way ( induction1 :i* c\ld give u only a g5]alization or ab/raction1 b ! fir/ pr9ciples !mselves intuitively giv54 ,philosoph]s g5]ally ass]t t c]ta9 conditions prec$5t1 or c]ta9 ideas a priori1 are necess>y to e fact ( exp]i5ce or actual cognition4 ,kant1 9 8 ma/]ly ,critik d] re95 ,v]nunft1 calls !m sometimes cognitions1 sometimes syn!tic judgm5ts1 a priori1 b fails to id5tify !m ) ! div9e judgm5t1 & holds !m to be necess>y =ms ( ! subject4 ,c\s9 ass]ts !m & calls !m necess>y & absolute ideas1 b fails to id5tify !m ) ! real1 & ev5 d5ies t !y c be s id5tifi$4 ,reid recogniz$ !m1 & call$ !m ! fir/ pr9ciples ( human belief1 sometimes ! pr9ciples ( common s5se1 aft] ,fa!r ,b\ffi]1 :i* all our actual k presupposes & mu/ take = grant$4 ,pr(essor ,port] also recognizes !m1 holds !m to be intuitively giv51 calls !m c]ta9 necess>y assumptions1 fir/ tru?s or pr9ciples )\t :i* no sci5ce is possible1 b fails to id5tify !m ) ! div9e judgm5t1 & seems to reg>d !m z ab/ract pr9ciples or ideas1 z if ab/ractions c\ld subsi/ )\t _! concretes1 or pr9ciples ev] be ab/ract4 ,we d5y t !y are ab/ract ideas1 necess>y assumptions1 or necess>y =ms ( ! und]/&+ or cognitive faculty1 & hold !m to be ! pr9ciples ( ?+s1 alike ( ! real & ! kn[able1 )\t :i* no fact exi/s & no act ( k is possible4 ,!y _c be creat$ by ! m9d1 nor =m$ by ! m9d op]at+ on ! concrete objects ( exi/5ce1 nor 9 any mann] obta9$ by our own m5tal activity2 = )\t !m !re is no m9d1 no m5tal activity1 no exp]i5ce4 ,dr4 ,port]1 aft] ,reid1 ,kant1 ,c\s91 & o!rs1 has cle>ly se5 ?is1 & conclusively prov$ x--no philosoph] m conclusively--& x is "o ( ! m]its ( 8 book4 ,he !re=e ju/ly calls !m intuitions1 or pr9ciples intuitively giv52 yet ei!r we d n und]/& him1 or he reg>ds !m z ab/ract tru?s or ab/ract pr9ciples4 ,b tru?s & pr9ciples are nev] ab/ract1 & only ! concrete or real c be intuitively giv54 ,^? intuitions1 !n1 mu/ be ei!r real be+ or cont+5t exi/5ces2 n ! latt]1 = !y all be> ! m>ks ( necessity & univ]sality2 !n !y mu/ be ! real & necess>y be+1 & !re=e ! pr9ciples ( ?+s1 & n simply pr9ciples ( sci5ce4 ,dr4 ,port] makes !m real pr9ciples 9 relation to ! m5tal act2 b we d n f9d t he id5tifies !m ) ! pr9ciples ( ! real4 ,he d\btless holds t !y repres5t indep5d5t tru?s1 & tru?s :i* are ! pr9ciples ( ?+s2 b t he holds !m1 z pres5t to ! m9d1 to be ! pr9ciples !mselves1 we d n f9d4 ,dr4 ,port]'s error 9 8 ,"p ,,iv41 9 :i* he discusses & def9es intuitions1 & :i* mu/ be int]pret$ by ! =ego+ p>ts ( 8 "w1 appe>s to u to be precisely 9 8 tak+ pr9ciple to mean ! />t+-po9t ( ! s\l 9 ! fact ( k1 & di/+ui%+ x f ! pr9ciple ( ! real ord]4 ,he di/+ui%es betwe5 ! object 9 m5te & ! object 9 re1 & holds t ! =m] is by no means id5tical ) ! latt]4 ,he ?us supposes a diff]5ce betwe5 ! sci5tific ord] & ! real1 & !re=e t ! pr9ciple ( ! "o is n necess>ily ! pr9ciple ( ! o!r4 #fha ,?is is to leave ! "q /ill op51 :e!r !re is any real ord] to respond to ! sci5tific ord]1 & to ca/ a d\bt on ! objective validity ( all our k4 ,! div9e judgm5t1 or ideal =mula1 we h %[n1 is alike ! primum raale & ! primum sci5tificum1 & !re=e ass]ts t ! pr9ciples ( ! two ord]s are id5tical1 & t ! sci5tific mu/ foll[ ! real1 = only ! real is kn[able4 ,h5ce sci5ce is & mu/ be objectively c]ta94 ,! intuitive affirmation ( ! =mula1 be+ creates exi/5ces1 creates1 places ! s\l1 & con/itutes h] intellig5t exi/5ce4 ,! au?or rightly says e ?\ght is a judgm5t4 ,!re is no judgm5t )\t ! copula1 & ! only real copula is ! copula ( ! div9e judgm5t or intuition1 t is1 ! creative act ( be+4 ,be+ creat+ ! s\l is ! pr9ciple ( h] exi/5ce2 & z we h %[n t %e c act only z %e exi/s1 ! pr9ciple ( h] exi/5ce is ! pr9ciple ( h] acts1 & !re=e ( h] kn[+1 or ! fact ( k4 ,!re is1 !n1 no ?\ght or judgm5t )\t ! creative act = its copula4 ,! two ord]s1 !n1 are unit$ & made id5tical 9 pr9ciple by ! creative act ( be+4 ,! creative act unites ! acts ( ! s\l1 z ! s\l itself1 to be+4 ,! difficulty "s m9ds feel 9 accept+ ?is conclusion gr[s out ( a misappreh5sion ( ! creative act1 :i* !y look ^u z a pa/ in/ead ( a pres5t act4 ,! au?or holds t :at is pa/ has ceas$ to exi/1 & t ! objects we recall 9 memory are creat$ a second "t4 ,he evid5tly misappreh5ds ! real "* ( space & "t4 ,^! are n exi/5ces1 entities1 z say ! s*ola/ics1 b simple relations1 ) no exi/5ce1 no reality1 ap>t f ! relata1 or ! relat$4 ,?+s d n exi/ 9 space & "t2 = space & "t simply m>k _! relation to "o ano!r ( coexi/5ce & succession4 ,pa/ & future are relations t subsi/ 9 or among creatures1 & h _! orig9 9 ! fact t creatures z second causes & 9 relation to _! own acts are progressive4 ,on ! side ( ,god1 !re is no pa/1 no future2 = 8 act has no progression1 & is nev] 9 pot5tia ad actum4 ,x is a complete act1 & 9 x all creatures are complet$1 consummat$1 9 _! beg9n+1 & h5ce ! pa/ & ! future are z really exi/5t z :at we call ! pres5t4 ,! ,creator is n a causa transi5s1 t creates ! effect & leaves x /&+ alone1 b a causa man5s1 ev] pres5t 9 ! effect & creat+ x4 ,creation is n 9 space & "t1 b orig9ates ! relations s-call$4 ,! creative act1 !re=e1 c nev] be a pa/ or a future act1 an act t has produc$ or t w produce ! effect1 b an act t produces x always "h & n[4 ,! act ( cons]vation1 z !ologians tea*1 is id5tically ! act ( creation4 ,god pres]ves or upholds u 9 exi/5ce by creat+ u at ea* in/ant ( our lives4 ,! univ]se1 ) all x conta9s1 is a pres5t creation4 ,9 relation to our acts z our acts or our progressiv5ess t[>d our f9al cause or la/ end1 ! univ]se 0 creat$ & w rema9 z long z ! ,creator wills2 b 9 relation to ,god x is creat$ "h & n[1 & z newly creat$ at ?is mom5t z :5 ! sons ( ! morn+ sang toge!r ov] its production1 by ! div9e en]gy alone1 f no?+2 & ! song ceases n2 !y are n[ s++ x4 #fhb ,!re is no?+ b ?is pres5t creative act t /&s betwe5 exi/5ces & no?+4 ,! cont9uity ( our exi/5ce is 9 ! fact t ,god creates & does n cease to create u4 ,we h only to elim9ate f our m9ds ! conceptions t transport ! relations ( space & "t to ! ,creator1 or repres5t !m z relations betwe5 ,creator & creature1 :]e ! only relation is t ( cause & effect1 & to reg>d ! creative act z hav+ no relations ( space & "t1 to be able to und]/& h[ ! div9e judgm5t1 intuitively affirm$1 is at once ! pr9ciple ( ! real & ( ! sci5tific1 & ! creative act1 ! copula ( be+ & exi/5ce1 is ! copula ( e judgm5t or ?\ght1 z is prov$ by ! fact already not$1 t 9 no language c an ass]tion be made )\t ! v]b to be1 t is1 )\t ,god4 ,dr4 ,port]1 engag$ 9 con/ruct+ n ! sci5ce ( ?+s1 b a sci5ce ( kn[+--a ,wiss5s*aftslehre--has app>5tly be5 cont5t ) ! intuitions z pr9ciples or laws ( sci5ce1 )\t seek+ to id5tify !m ) ! real4 ,he is a doctor ( div9ity1 & _c int5d to d5y1 ) ,sir ,william ,hamilton & ! ,positivi/s1 t ontology c be any "p ( human sci5ce4 ,! ,positivi/s1 ) :om1 9 ?is respect1 ,sir ,william ,hamilton1 :o has f9i%$ ! ,scotti% s*ool1 fully agrees1 ass]t t ! :ole field ( sci5ce is re/rict$ to positive facts & ! induction ( _! laws1 & t _! pr9ciples & causes1 ! ontological tru?s1 if su* !re be1 belong to ! unkn[able1 ?us r$uc+1 ) ,sir ,william ,hamilton1 sci5ce to nesci5ce4 ,b ?\gh ,dr4 ,port] probably holds t !re is an ontological reality1 & kn[s p]fectly well t x _c be conclud$ f psy*ical ph5om5a1 ei!r by way ( induction or ( d$uction1 he yet seems unable or unwill+ to say t ! m9d has 9 intuition direct & imm$iate appreh5sion ( x4 ,! fir/ & necess>y tru?s1 or ! necess>y assumptions1 z he calls !m1 :i* ! m9d is compell$ to make 9 kn[+ p>ticul>s1 su* z :at is1 is1 ! same ?+ _c bo? be & n be at ! same "t1 :atev] beg9s to exi/ mu/ h a cause1 etc41 are1 9 8 doctr9e1 ab/ract ideas1 :i*1 ?\gh !y may repres5t a reality beyond !mselves--& he tries to prove t !y d--are yet n t reality itself4 ,^! ideas he /ates1 inde$1 9 an ab/ract =m1 9 :i* !y are n real2 b !y are all id5tifi$ 9 ! ideal =mula1 or div9e judgm5t1 :i* is n an ab/ract b a real1 concrete judgm5t4 ,he holds !m to be intuitions1 inde$2 b intuition1 9 8 view1 simply /&s oppos$ to discursion1 & he makes x an act ( ! s\l imm$iately affirm+ ! object1 n ! act ( ! object imm$iately affirm+ itself by its own creative act4 ,till be+1 9 its creative act1 affirms itself1 ! s\l does n exi/2 & ! intuitive act is t :i* creates x1 & creates x intellig5t4 ,! intuition _c1 !n1 be ! act ( ! s\l1 unless y suppose ! s\l c act )\t exi/+1 or "k )\t intellig5ce4 ,if we make intuition ! act ( ! s\l1 & suppose ! necess>y tru?s intuitively giv5 are ab/ractions or repres5tative ideas1 h[ c we "k t !re is any reality repres5t$ by !m8 ,! old "q aga93 ,h[ pass f ! subjective to ! objective8--f ! sci5tific to ! real8 #fhc ,! doctr9e ( repres5tative ideas comes f ! s*ola/ics1 & mo/ probably f ! misappreh5sion ( _! philosophy4 ,plato ma9ta9$ t we "k by similitude1 :i* similitude he call$ idea4 ,no d\bt1 ,plato (t5 means by idea some?+ else2 b ?is is "o ( ! s5ses 9 :i* he uses ! t]m4 ,?is idea1 ) ! p]ipatetics1 becomes 9 s5sibles ! phantasm1 9 intelligibles ! intelligible species4 ,! intelligible species 0 assum$ z some?+ m$iat+ betwe5 ! s\l & ! intelligible object4 ,b ?\gh !y ass]t$ x z a m$ium1 !y nev] made x ! object cogniz$4 ,9 _! language1 x 0 ! objectum quo1 n ! objectum quod2 & ,/4 ,?omas tea*es expressly t ! m9d does n t]m9ate 9 ! species1 b atta9s ! intelligible object itself4 ,9 ?is magaz9e = ,may1 #ahfg1 9 an article entitl$ ,an ,old ,qu>rel1 we %[$ t :at ! s*ola/ics probably _h 9 m9d :5 !y spoke ( ! intelligible species1 is adequately express$ by :at we1 aft] ! analogy ( ext]nal vision1 call ! light1 :i* illum9ates at once ! subject & object1 & r5d]s ! "o cognitive & ! o!r cognizable4 ,?is light is n furni%$ by ! m9d1 b by be+ itself light1 & ! s\rce ( all light1 pres5t 9 e fact ( k 9 ! creative act4 ,! ,scotti% s*ool has made away ) ! phantasms1 & prov$ t1 9 :at our au?or calls s5se-p]ception1 we p]ceive n a phantasm1 b ! real ext]nal object itself2 b 9 ! intelligible or sup]s5sible _w1 ?is direct appreh5sion ( ! object ,dr4 ,port] appe>s n to admit4 ,he consci\sly or unconsci\sly int]poses a mundus logicus betwe5 ! m9d & ! mundus physicus4 ,! categories are ) him ab/ract relations1 & logic is a m]e =mal sci5ce4 ,?is is evid5t f ,"p ,,iii41 9 :i* he treats ( :at he calls ?\ght-k4 ,b ! categories are n ab/ract =ms ( ?\ght1 b real relations ( ?+s2 logic is f\nd$ 9 ! pr9ciple & con/itution ( ?+s1 n simply 9 ! con/itution & laws ( ! human m9d4 ,its type & orig9 are 9 be+ itself1 9 ! ,mo/ ,holy ,tr9ity4 ,! creative act is ! copula ( e /rictly logical judgm5t4 ,! ,creator is logic1 ! ,greek text1 or1 z ,plato w\ld say1 logic 9 itself1 & !re=e all ! works ( ,god are /rictly logical1 & =m1 m$iante 8 creative act1 a dialectic :ole ) himself4 ,:atev] does n con=m to ! tru? & ord] ( ?+s is illogical1 a sophism2 & e sophism s9s aga9/ ! ess5ce ( ,god1 z well z aga9/ ! con/itution ( ! human m9d4 ,psy*ologism is a huge sophism2 = x assumes t ! s\l is be+1 & c exi/ & act indep5d5tly :5 x is only a creat$1 dep5d5t exi/5ce2 t x is ,god1 :5 x is only man4 ,satan 0 ! fir/ psy*ologi/ we read (4 ,ontologism is also a sophism ( v mu* ! same sort4 ,psy*ologism ass]ts t man is ,god2 ontologism ass]ts t ,god is man4 ,?is is all ! diff]5ce betwe5 !m1 & !y t]m9ate at ! same po9t4 ,exi/5ces _c be logically d$uc$ f be+1 because be+1 suffic+ = itself1 _c be con/ra9$ to create ei!r by extr9sic or by intr9sic necessity4 ,exi/5ces are n necess>ily involv$ 9 ! v conception ( be+1 b are cont+5t1 & dep5d5t on ! free-w ( ! ,creator4 ,god _c be conclud$ by induction f psy*ological facts2 = ! univ]sal _c be conclud$ f ! p>ticul>1 nor ! necess>y f ! cont+5t4 #fhd ,bo? ! ontological primum & ! psy*ological mu/ be giv5 intuitively & 9 _! real syn!sis1 or no sci5ce ( ei!r is possible4 ,! m9d mu/ take its />t+-po9t & pr9ciple ( sci5ce f nei!r sep>ately1 b f ! real syn!sis ( ! two1 z 9 ! ideal =mula4 ,! attempt to con/ruct an exclusively ontological or an exclusively psy*ological sci5ce is z absurd & z sophi/ical z ! attempt to express a judgm5t )\t ! copula1 or to con/ruct a syllogism )\t ! middle t]m4 ,! real copula ( ! judgm5t1 ! real m$ius t]m9us t unites ! two extremes ( ! syllogism1 is ! creative act ( be+4 ,all ,g5tile philosophy fail$1 because x fail$ to recognize ! creative act4 ,outside ( ,judaism1 ! tradition ( creation 0 lo/ 9 ! anci5t _w4 ,9 va9 w y seek a recognition ( x 9 ,plato or ,ari/otle1 or 9 any ( ! old ,g5tile philosoph]s4 ,9 its place y f9d only emanation1 g5]ation1 or =mation4 ,! error ( ! ,g5tiles reappe>s 9 our mod]n philosoph]s1 :o--s9ce ,desc>tes deta*$ philosophy f !ology1 ( :i* x is simply ! rational elem5t--are endeavor+ to con/ruct sci5ce & ! sci5ces )\t ! creative act1 & if !y escape pan!ism or a!ism1 x is by ! /r5g? ( _! fai? 9 revelation1 n by ! =ce ( _! logic4 ,dr4 ,port] really attempts to con/ruct ! philosophy ( ! human intellect1 unconsci\sly c]ta9ly1 on purely a!i/ic or nihili/ic pr9ciples2 t is1 )\t any pr9ciples at all4 ,he1 ( c\rse1 believes 9 ,god1 believes t ,god made ! _w2 b mo/ likely he believes he made x z ! wat*-mak] makes a wat*1 s t :5 w\nd up & />t$ x w g ( itself--till x runs d[n4 ,?is is a v wide-spread error1 & an error t orig9ates ) s-call$ philosoph]s1 n ) ! p4 ,h5ce we f9d sci5tific m5 9 l>ge numb]s :o look ^u ! _w ,god has made z a huge ma*9e2 & n[ t x is made1 z indep5d5t ( him1 capable ( go+ ahead on its own hook1 & ev5 able to b9d him by its laws1 & deprive him ( 8 fre$om ( action1 z if x 7 or c\ld be any?+ b :at he at ea* mom5t makes x4 ,he ought1 z a doctor ( div9ity1 to und]/& t !re c be no sci5ce )\t ! efficaci\s pres5ce ( ,god1 :o creat$ ! s\l1 & none )\t 8 pres5ce creat+ x n[1 & by 8 light r5d]+ x intellig5t4 ,to con/ruct sci5ce )\t ,god 9 8 creative act z ! pr9ciple1 is to beg9 9 sophism & end 9 nihilism4 ,we ne$ h>dly say t1 9 ass]t+ ! div9e judgm5t or ideal =mula z ! pr9ciple ( all sci5ce1 & z ! necess>y & apodictic elem5t ( e fact ( k1 we d n pret5d t ! m9d is able 9 ! fir/ mom5t ( intellectual life to say to itself1 or to o!rs1 ,god creates exi/5ces4 ,?is is ! real =mula :i* expresses 9 pr9ciple ! entire real ord]1 b x is ! =mula to :i* ! pr9ciples giv5 9 intuition are r$uc$ by reflection4 ,!re are a l>ge numb] ( m9ds1 & among !m our illu/ri\s ,yale ,pr(essor ( ,moral ,philosophy & ,metaphysics1 :o d n recognize ! id5tity ( be+ ) ,god1 or are aw>e t ! intuition is ( t :i* is ,god4 ,a /ill l>g] numb] d n di/+ui% ! s-call$ necess>y ideas f ! cont+5t objects ( exp]i5ce cognizable only by !m1 & v few1 ev5 among pr(essors ( philosophy1 ev] id5tify ^! ideas--! necess>y1 ! univ]sal1 ! et]nal1 & ! immutable--) real be+1 or reflect t !y _c subsi/ z ab/ractions1 & t ! univ]sal1 ! et]nal1 ! immutable1 ! necess>y1 ( :i* we h intuition 9 all our m5tal acts1 is & mu/ be real1 necess>y1 univ]sal1 et]nal1 & immutable be+1 t is to say1 ,god himself4 #fhe ,few reflect f> en\gh to p]ceive t 9 intuition ! object is real be+2 & ! numb] ( m5 :o di/9ctly recognize all ! t]ms ( ! =mula 9 _! real relation is a v small m9ority1 & e day gr[+ small]4 ,b ! intuition is n1 z ,dr4 ,port] supposes1 ( ideas :i* lie lat5t or dormant 9 ! m9d till occasion wakes !m up & calls !m into action2 b !y are ! fir/ pr9ciples1 or r ! pr9ciples f :i* ! m9d proce$s 9 all its intellectual acts4 ,!y are intuitively affirm$ to ! m9d 9 ! creative act1 & are ev] pres5t & op]ative2 b we become aw>e ( !m1 di/+ui% !m1 & :at !y imply or connote1 only by reflection1 by contemplat+ !m z !y are held up be=e ! m9d1 or s5sibly repres5t$ to x1 9 language4 ,?\gh ! =mula is really ! primum philosophicum1 we atta9 to x1 or are ma/]s ( :at is really pres5t$ 9 intuition1 & are able to say1 be+ is ,god1 & ,god creates exi/5ces1 only at ! end ( philosophy1 or z its la/ & highe/ a*ievem5t4 ,! pr9ciples are giv5 9 ! v con/itution ( ! m9d1 & are pres5t to x f its bir?1 or1 if y w1 f ! fir/ in/ant ( its conception2 b !y are by no means :at ,desc>tes & o!rs h call$ innate ideas4 ,desc>tes nev] und]/ood by idea ! intelligible object itself1 b a c]ta9 m5tal repres5tation ( x4 ,! idea 0 held to be r ! image ( ! ?+ ?an ! ?+ itself4 ,x 0 a t]tium quid some:]e betwe5 real & unreal1 & 0 reg>d$ z ! m$ium ?r\gh :i* ! m9d atta9$ to ! object4 ,9 ?is s5se we recognize no ideas4 ,9 ! fact ( k1 :at we "k is ! object itself1 n its m5tal repres5tation4 ,we take idea or ! ideal 9 ! objective s5se1 & und]/& by x ! imm$iate & ! necess>y1 p]man5t1 immutable object ( intuition1 & x is id5tical ) :at we h call$ ! primum philosophicum1 or div9e judgm5t1 :i* prec$es ! m9d's own activity4 ,h5ce we call t judgm5t ! ideal =mula4 ,) ?is view ( idea or ! ideal1 analog\s1 at lea/1 to "o ( ! s5ses ( ,plato1 f :om we h ! ^w1 x is evid5t t ! ,c>tesian doctr9e ( innate ideas1 :i* 0 aft]w>d *ang$ to t ( innate faculties1 _c f9d 9 u an advocate4 ,! =mula is ideal & apodictic1 b x is n ! entire object ( ! cognitive act4 ,x is t :i* prec$es & r5d]s possible exp]i5ce1 or :at ,kant calls syn!tic judgm5ts a po/]iori4 ,we h said ! s\l c "k only z %e exi/s1 & t :atev] object %e dep5ds on = h] exi/5ce mu/ %e dep5d on = h] acts1 & x ent]s into all h] ?\ghts or facts ( k4 ,! s\l dep5ds = exi/5ce on ,god1 on humanity & nature4 ,9 ! =mula1 we h only ! ideal pr9ciple ( man & nature1 & !re=e ! ideal =mula1 :ile x furni%es ! pr9ciple & light :i* r5d] k possible1 does n sup]s$e exp]i5ce1 or actual k acquir$ by ! ex]cise ( ! s\l & h] faculties4 ,"h ! s\l proce$s by analysis & syn!sis1 by obs]vation & induction1 or d$uction1 accord+ to ! nature ( ! subject4 ,we d n qu>rel ) ! inductive sci5ces1 nor "q _! utility2 we only ma9ta9 t !y are n sci5ces till c>ri$ up to ! pr9ciples ( all real sci5ce pres5t$ to ! m9d 9 intuition4 ,induction is prop] 9 con/ruct+ ! physical sci5ces1 ?\gh frequ5tly improp]ly appli$2 b x is inapplicable1 z my ,"l ,bacon held1 9 ! con/ruction ( philosophy2 = 9 t we mu/ />t f ! ideal =mula1 & /udy ?+s 9 _! pr9ciples & 9 _! real syn!sis4 #fhf ,we h got ?r\gh only ! au?or's ,introduction1 yet t has br\ght up ne>ly all ! sali5t po9ts ( 8 entire volume4 ,"h we might /op1 & assur$ly %\ld /op1 if we _h no high] object 9 view ?an to criticise its au?or1 or simply to refute 8 psy*ological me?od4 ,we believe "o ( ! fir/ /eps t[>d arre/+ ! a!i/ical or pan!i/ical t5d5cy ( ! age1 & ( br++ ! m9d back to tru? & ! logic ( ?+s1 is to set =? & v9dicate s\nd philosophy1 ! philosophy :i* 9 sub/ance has always be5 pres]v$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,to use up an au?or or to d5\nce a false sy/em is a small affair4 ,! only solid refutation ( error is 9 pres5t+ ! tru? x impugns4 ,z !re are sev]al que/ions ( importance rais$ by ! au?or on :i* we h h>dly t\*$1 we propose to return to ! book & consid] !m at our e>lie/ conv5i5ce4 ---------- ,! ,ca?olic ,view ,( ,public ,education ,9 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,we republi% ! foll[+ article f ,! ,am]ican ,educational ,mon?ly1 ) ! p]mission ( ! editor1 on acc\nt ( ! importance ( ! subject1 ! intr9sic value ( ! article1 & to aid 9 giv+ x a wide circulation4 ,,ed4 ,c4 ,w4 #fhg ,x w\ld be :olly sup]flu\s to address an argum5t to any portion ( ! ,am]ican p ^u ! absolute necessity ( popul> education4 ,^u t po9t !re is no div]sity ( op9ion4 ,! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( our social sy/em re/ ^u x z a corn]-/one2 su* z1 t gov]nm5t d]ives all ( its au?ority1 "u ,god1 f ! cons5t ( ! gov]n$2 ! p possess ! sov]eignty2 public (fic]s are only public s]vants2 ! multitude rules by repres5tation2 ,congress1 ! ,presid5t1 & ! ,c\rts are ! p--)\t ! p !y h no exi/5ce2 con/itutions & laws are b ! well-ord]$ expression ( ! public w1 at all times revocable1 9 an ord]ly mann]1 & b9d+ ^u ea* citiz5 z ! w ( all1 unless ! popul> decree be aga9/ ! law ( ,god1 :51 ( c\rse1 x b9d's no man's consci5ce4 ,h]$it>y rights1 class privileges1 anci5t social divisions1 & di/ributions ( p[] h all disappe>$1 or r1 h nev] exi/$ "h4 ,ev5 9 ,colonial times1 ! ,cr[n 0 almo/ a my?1 & ca/ b a %ad[y reflection into ! deep wat]s ( ! ,hudson & ! ,mississippi1 z !y roll$ on to ! sea f ! illimitable =e/s :]e ! moccas9$ hunt] 0 !n z free z ! ,r$ ,indian _h be5 = unrecord$ c5turies4 ,! ,revolution ( '#gf *ang$ ! gov]nm5t1 b really left ! c>d9al po9ts ( our ,am]ican civilization v mu* z x f\nd !m4 ,9 fact1 our political education is traceable back to ! days ( ,alfr$ & ,edw>d ! ,confessor2 = ! ,norman k+ gave u no concession 9 ,magna ,*>ta :i* 0 unkn[n to ,saxon lib]ty4 ,9 our ,republic we h only drawn out ^! pr9ciples to _! extreme conclusions4 ,we h gone back to ! orig9al hypo!sis1 t society is an association ( equal rights = mutual protection2 & t p[]1 "u ,god1 belongs to ! :ole body ( corporators--t is1 ! multitude4 ,f ?is po/ulate we are oblig$ to pass imm$iately to ! axiom t !re c be no fit adm9i/ration ( p[] )\t k4 ,k may be acquir$ 9 sev]al ways4 ,! mo/ direct & impressive is exp]i5ce4 ,alcu9 0 ma/] ( books2 b ,*>lemagne 0 ma/] ( m54 ,! great emp]or c\ld n read1 b he possess$ ! wisdom to gov]n4 ,:o %all say t he 0 n educat$ 9 ! highe/ s5se ( t vague t]m8 ,& yet1 x is v cle> t k ga9$ only by ! sl[ accretions ( exp]i5ce w n answ] ! wants & rapid movem5ts ( su* a republic z ours 9 ! age ( /eam & electricity4 ,ea* g5]ation mu/ be tra9$ f ! cradle1 & made to possess1 enl>ge1 & transmit to its successor all ! accumulat$ k ( its pr$ecessor4 ,z no atom ( matt] p]i%es1 b is = ev] recomb9+ & reproduc+2 s e true idea & s\nd moral s5tim5t mu/ be made ! inh]itance ( society1 & nev] cease to ex]t its p[] = good among m54 ,n t moral tru? c ev] *ange2 = x is n[ precisely :at x has be5 f all et]nity2 nor is x bett] und]/ood by ! div9e to-day1 ?an x 0 by ,moses :5 he came d[n f ! m\nta92 b ! multitude may be made m fully to compreh5d & rev]5ce x4 ,*ri/ianity1 al?\gh specially reveal$ & miracul\sly propagat$1 did n sudd5ly conqu] & civilize b>b>\s peoples4 ,x has be5 eighte5 hundr$ ye>s /ruggl+ ) ! p[]s ( d>kness & ! corruption ( ! human he>t2 & yet1 alas6 h[ v1 v f> remov$ are n ev5 ! mo/ poli%$ nations f ! sev]e /&>d ( ,*ri/ian p]fection6 ,see ! tyrannies1 ! oppressions1 ! cruelties1 ! w>s1 ! pride1 ! luxury1 ! folly & deceit :i* fill ! faire/ p>ts ( ! e>? ) m\rn+1 & drag mank9d d[n into ! sl\gh ( s9 & sorr[6 ,to be sure1 !re is a c]ta9 /]eotyp$ class ( sa9ts & philosoph]s :o cry al\d1 ,comp>e our enlight5$ era ) ! rude times ( ! crusad]s2 or place ! n9ete5? alongside ( ! n9? c5tury2 & let ! cele/ial light ( our civilization %9e d[n into ! abysses ( monki% sup]/ition6 ,we %all1 nev]!less1 refuse to close our eyes to ^? /up5d\s s9s :i* h supplant$ ! viol5t crimes ( our ance/ors4 ,we %all see h[ _! robb]-sword has be5 put aside = our =g]'s p52 h[ _! wild =ay has giv5 place to our gigantic /ock speculation or bank sw9dle1 :i* sweeps wid[s & orphans1 by ! t5 ?\s&1 into utt] pov]ty & despair2 h[ _! fi]ce lu/ has be5 civiliz$ into ! decor\s =ms ( ! divorce c\rts2 #fhh h[ _! bold grasp+ ( p[] has be5 *ang$ into ! arts ( ! :9+ demagogue2 h[ _! undisguis$ plund] ( ! public treasure 9 times ( civil commotion has be5 sup]s$$ by ! adroit peculation & cov]t brib]y ( our times ( peace2 h[ _! c\rage\s1 rude ang] has vani%$ be=e ! saf] & m efficaci\s process ( conceal$ hatr$1 ne/l+1 l ! scorpion1 among ! roses ( adulation4 ,we c]ta9ly %all be oblig$ to rememb] ^! ?+s1 to ! great reproa* ( our times1 & 9 s]i\s dread ( ! future2 & we %all feel anxi\s to g to "w to f9d ! cause & ! rem$y4 ,we are all agre$ t education1 t is1 k & moral tra9+1 _c be disp5s$ ) = an h\r--t no nation c be gov]n$ safely1 mu* less gov]n itself at all1 )\t a cle> head & a s\nd he>t--t1 if gov]n$ z a dumb brute1 x w kick aga9/ ! pricks1 fly 9 ! face ( its h>d ma/]1 & da% out its fooli% bra9s aga9/ ! /one wall6 ,x w s+ ! ,m>seillaise & cov] its g>m5ts ) ! blood ( k+s & ari/ocrats2 until1 hav+ sp5t its fury1 x w return to its cru/ & %\t ,vive l',emp]eur6 ,%\ld x attempt to gov]n itself1 x w become ! prey ( ! infam\s m5 :o are ! spawn ( its own passions4 ,)\t k1 ! nation is ei!r a sil5t sepul*re1 :]e all hopes are buri$1 or a rag+ sea1 :]e !y are quickly wreck$4 ,k1 !n1 x mu/ h4 ,b :at k8 ,%all we say1 k ( ! arts8 ,ask ,phidias & ,praxiteles if ! arts sav$ ,greece6 ,%all we say1 polite lit]ature8 ,ah6 let ! m\rnful *orus ( ,sophocles1 ,a,eschylus & ,euripides give utt]ance to ! sad cries ( ^? old pagan he>ts = a high] virtue ?an ! sublime/ trag$y c\ld tea* !m6 ,%all x be ! eloqu5ce ( ! orator or ! wisdom ( ! legislator8 ,we %all he> 9 ! ,philippics h[ va9ly ! ma/] ( orators appeal$ to a deg5]ate race1 & we %all read 9 ! clos+ annals ( ,a!ns & ,sp>ta h[ utt]ly ! wisdom ( ,solon & ,lycurgus _h fail$ to save poli%$ & w>like /ates f ! p5alty :i* ,god has affix$ to ! crimes ( nations4 ,%all we take refuge 9 human philosophy8 ,socrates & ! div9e ,plato _h ca/ (f ! degrad+ sup]/itions ( paganism1 & _h proclaim$ to _! intellectual c\ntrym5 ! et]nity & unity ( ,god1 & ! immortality ( ! s\l ( man4 ,!y _h mo/ e>ne/ly enjo9$ ^u !m ! sanctity ( all ! natural virtues--temp]ance1 indu/ry1 pati5ce1 c\rage1 hone/y1 b5evol5ce1 patriotism1 cont95ce1 filial duty1 conjugal fidelity2 b :at did _! philosophy avail8 ,:y did x n save ! ,grecian /ates8 ,!y w5t d[n into ! night ^u :i* no sun ev] aga9 %one6 ,_! ,roman conqu]ors seiz$ ^u ! ri* treasures ( _! k4 ,! ,s5ate li/5$ ) rapture to ! wisdom ( ! old ,hell5ic sages translat$ by ,cic]o into ! noble ,lat9 tongue4 ,virgil & ,livy s\ght to inspire ! ,roman he>t ) gr& ideas borr[$ f ! ,greek ma/]s4 ,:at did x all avail8 ,! ,roman republic _h practis$ ! natural virtues z fully z unreg5]at$ man is capable ( do+ by ! p[] ( vigor\s & cultivat$ reason4 ,:at did x avail8 ,!y1 too1 w5t d[n into ! tomb ( dead nations2 & a few brok5 columns rema9 to m>k ! seat ( _! _w-wide empire6 #fhi ,x is v manife/1 !n1 t intellectual culture1 ev5 :5 c>ri$ to ! highe/ developm5t ( :i* m5 are capable1 c nev] subdue _! passions1 nor enable !m to uphold ! civilization to :i* !y may h atta9$ 9 ! fre%ness ( _! national life4 ,if ?is 7 n s1 !n we c\ld n cle>ly p]ceive ! necessity ( ! ,*ri/ian revelation4 ,if man 0 self-su/a9+1 he w\ld n require ! arm ( ,god to lean ^u4 ,! apo!gm ( ! ,greek sage1 ,"k ?yself1 0 a dead lett]4 ,x 0 precisely to tea* a man h[ to "k himself t our ,savi\r came4 ,& ?is is ! :ole k6 ,no poetry1 oratory1 hi/ory1 philosophy1 arts1 or sci5ces c\ld tea* t1 else ! _w w\ld h le>n$ x f\r ?\s& ye>s ago1 & ! primitive races w\ld n h p]i%$4 ,ev5 "u ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation1 & 9 v mod]n times1 m5 & nations h fail$ to "k !mselves1 because !y turn$ _! backs on ,*ri/ & plac$ _! hopes 9 human sci5ce & natural virtue4 ,& s we h se5 an enlight5$ nation 9 our day deify humanity1 refuse to adore ,god1 & pro/rate itself be=e a h>lot1 z ! high-prie/ess 9 ! apo!osis ( ,reason6 ,we h se5 an anti*ri/ian conspiracy1 =m$ ( ! mo/ le>n$1 eloqu5t1 witty1 & fasc9at+ m5 ( mod]n ,europe1 ex]t+ ! highe/ arts ( g5ius to repaganize ! _w4 ,we h se5 sci5ce1 rudely torn f religion1 wag+ an insane w> aga9/ ! peace ( society4 ,t t]rific phase ( blasphem\s infidelity has pass$ f our imm$iate view2 b has x left no?+ m dang]\s beh9d8 ,we ?9k x has4 ,! mass ( mank9d %rank ) horror f ! defiant blasphemy ( ,voltaire2 & !y recoil$ ) al>m f ! ru9 caus$ by 8 tea*+s4 ,we love lib]ty2 b we dread lic5se1 an>*y1 *aos4 ,man is1 also1 naturally religi\s4 ,long aft] he _h =gott5 ! traditions ( ! patri>*s & _h lo/ ,god 9 ! night ( hea!n idolatry1 he /ill clung to ,! in/9ct ( old rev]5ce6 & 8 wret*$ s\l ye>n$ aft] its ,creator4 ,! false wor%ip ( ,greece & ,rome 0 ! in>ticulate cry ( a lo/ p = t true wor%ip :i* 0 promis$ to ! ,g5tile at ! appo9t$ "t4 ,false & hide\s z x 01 :o w n say t x 0 f> pref]able to a!ism8 ,x 0 only :5 ! ,epicurean philosophy _h de/roy$ ! fai? ( ^? p1 t !y ca/ (f all moral re/ra9t1 & 7 swept away 9 ! torr5t ( _! vices4 ,man is naturally religi\s2 & !re=e ! _w w n long pati5tly tol]ate ! pres5ce ( blatant infidelity4 ,! dang] is n !re4 ,he :o goes ab\t l a ro>+ lion1 seek+ :om he may dev\r1 kn[s v well t mank9d is m easily s$uc$ "u ! =ms ( virtue ?an by gross s94 ,8 inc>nate ag5ts on e>? "k ?is too4 ,h5ce we f9d all ! _w cov]$ ov] ) gossam] nets ( s$uction6 ,! press teems ) books & j\rnals1 n confess$ly infidel1 yet work+ 9 ! int]e/s ( infidelity2 fann+ ! passions & excit+ ! morbid s5sibilities ( y\?2 tea*+ religi\s indiff]5ce "u ! pleas+ g>b ( lib]ality2 hold+ up ! discipl9e ( ! *ur* z ho/ile to p]sonal fre$om2 depict+ ! doctr9es & c]emonies ( ! ,*ri/ian religion z trammels ^u m5tal activity & intellectual progress2 array+ ! laity aga9/ _! pa/ors2 insi/+ t to be a humane man1 an hone/ & indu/ri\s work]1 a fai?ful fri5d1 a good husb& & fa!r1 a patriotic citiz51 is to be all & to d all t ! highe/ ,*ri/ian morality c require or ! welf>e ( ! human race dem&2 ass]t+ t ! specific dogmas ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 ) p]haps "o or two exceptions1 are n ess5tial1 & may be reject$ )\t conc]n2 receiv+ ) indiff]5ce & polite complac5cy ei!r ! div9ity or ! humanity ( ,*ri/2 & accept+ him z a ,god-,savi\r1 a man-prophet1 or a h>mless1 self-delud$ impo/or1 z y\r fancy may please to dictate2 9 a ^w1 deify+ man1 & mak+ ?is _w1 ) its weal?1 its pleasures1 its pride & pomp1 its p[] & magnific5ce1 its civilization & nationalities1 ! sole object ( 8 anxiety & love4 #fij ,su*1 we say1 is ! gr[+ evil ( ?is n9ete5? c5tury1 :i* is s scornful ( ! d>k ages2 an evil inf9itely m subtile & de/ructive ?an ! rage or gibes ( ,voltaire4 ,?is poison has gone ?r\gh ! *ill$ blood ( r5egade old m51 de/roy+ ! religi\s vitality :i* _h su/a9$ _! fai? f ! baptismal font to ! v edge ( ! grave2 h[ mu/ x n1 !re=e1 affect ! hot ve9s ( inexp]i5c$ y\?1 ^: g5]\s impulses are _! greate/ p]il6 ,see h[1 9 ^? ,european revolutions gott5 up by av[$ enemies ( religion1 ! /ud5ts ( ! univ]sities flock to ! /&>ds ( infidelity1 ) ! s$uctive cry ( ,lib]ty1 ,equality1 ,frat]nity6 ,!y enli/1 ) en?usiasm1 "u :at !y believe to be ! consecrat$ bann] ( inali5able human rights--_! "y1 sympa!tic he>ts are ju/ly mov$ by ! suff]+s ( ! toil+ millions caus$ by unequal laws--_! s5se ( ju/ice & human bro!rhood is outrag$ at ! sight ( dom9e]+ classes :o monopolize ! bless+s ( gov]nm5t--!y see v cle>ly all ! exi/+ wrongs1 b !y d n see ! practicable & wise rem$ies2 & :5 !y he> prud5t voices c\nsell+ pati5ce1 & rem9d+ !m t ! evil works ( c5turies1 l old =e/ trees1 h deep roots1 & _c be rudely torn out ( ! bosom ( society )\t endang]+ its life1 !y cry out 9 _! en?usiasm1 ,^! are ! voices ( ! enemies ( ! p1 ! voices ( prie/s & ari/ocrats1 away ) !m to ! guillot9e6 ,only too late d !y exp]i5ce ! retribution :i* ,god inv>iably visits ^u ^? :o presumptu\sly seek to drive ! *>iot ( 8 ,provid5ce6 ,n "o ^w ( :at we h said is inapplicable to our own l&4 ,we live1 move1 & h our :ole be+ 9 ! mid/ ( ^! same p]ils4 ,/eam1 electricity1 comm]ce1 & emigration h made u a "p ( ! great ,european family4 ,e ?rob ( _! he>t is felt 9 our own bosom4 ,we are ( _! blood & civilization4 ,we h _! laws & _! religion4 ,we are nurtur$ by _! sci5ce & lit]ature4 ,f u !y h receiv$ m ?or\gh ideas ( democratic fre$om1 b f !m we h d]iv$ all else t con/itutes ! intellectual life ( man4 ,x w\ld be ! height ( folly 9 u to despise ! lessons ( _! exp]i5ce4 ,our *ildr5 %\ld be c>efully in/ruct$ 9 all ( x4 ,!y h a difficult task to p]=m 9 p]petuat+ our in/itutions z !y 7 %ap$ by ! fa!rs ( ! ,republic4 ,!y mu/ be well tra9$ 9 ! k necess>y = t purpose4 ,f :at has already be5 said x w be at once und]/ood t we d n mean human sci5ce alone1 nor pr9cipally4 ,! beg9n+ ( wisdom is ! fe> ( ! ,"l4 #fia ,?is br+s u to ! consid]ation ( ! imm$iate subject ( ?is article2 :i* c n[1 we ?9k1 be briefly /at$2 inasmu* z ! f\ndation has be5 prop]ly laid1 if our views are correct z to ! pr9ciples :i* we h pres5t$4 ,enlight5$ rul]s all ov] ,europe h be5 pr(\ndly impress$ ) ! lessons ( ?is & ! la/ c5tury4 ,x 0 once believ$ by mon>*s t to enlight5 _! subjects w\ld be to imp]il _! ?rones4 ,x is n[ v cle>ly se5 t ! div9ity :i* do? h$ge a k+ has long ceas$ to be an oracle to ! p4 ,! ,fr5* emp]or erects 8 dyna/y ^u popul> suffrage4 ,h]$it>y "r has come d[n f its anci5t p$e/al to accept f ! p ! confirmation ( its au?ority4 ,x is n[ too evid5t = fur!r d\bt t no rul] c rule mod]n nations by any appeal to ! mausoleum ( 8 ance/ors4 ,! g>i% light ( ! sun has p5etrat$ e royal tomb1 & has altoge!r annihilat$ ! my/]y :i* once fill$ ! he>ts ( nations ) awe & unque/ion+ ob$i5ce4 ,public op9ion n[ rules ! rul]4 ,k+s & _! m9i/]s h n[ to elect betwe5 intellig5t & virtu\s op9ion on ! "o h&1 or revolution>y passions on ! o!r4 ,! wise/ ( !m1 !re=e1 are ha/5+ to educate ! p2 & !y are /riv+ above all ?+s to make su* education di/9ctly ,*ri/ian1 & n simply moral2 = !y well rememb] ! fate ( all nations :o h /ak$ _! salvation ^u ! suffici5cy ( ! natural virtues4 ,:ile k+s are do+ ?is to pres]ve ! %ad[ ( _! royalty f ! aggressive _s ( ! age1 we1 9 ?is *os5 l&1 are do+ or aim+ to d ! same ?+1 9 ord] t we may re> successive g5]ations ( virtu\s & enlight5$ heirs to ! ri* inh]itance ( our con/itutional democratic fre$om4 ,ours %\ld be mu* ! easi] task2 z we labor = no dyna/y1 b /rive only to make a nation capable ( self-pres]vation4 ,we are no less 9 e>ne/ ?an ! k+s2 & we may surely exam9e _! "w & see :at is good 9 x4 ,! k+s tri$ ! pagan idea ( intellectual culture adorn$ ) ! glitt]+ g5]alities ( moral philosophy2 & !y add$ to x ! maxims ( ! ,*ri/ian gospel1 :5ev] t c\ld be done )\t gett+ entangl$ 9 ! conflict+ cre$s ( ! num]\s sects4 ,! s*ool 0 l ,plato's lecture-room1 only t ! sacr$ voice ( ! evangeli/ 0 he>d occasionally 9 su* passages z d n di/9ctly set =? fai? & doctr9e1 ab\t :i* ! s*ol>s c\ld diff]4 ,sect>ianism1 z x is call$1 _h to be exclud$1 ( c\rse1 9 a mix$ sy/em ( popul> education1 :]e9 fre$om ( consci5ce 0 conc$$ to be a sacr$ "r & proselytism 0 disav[$4 ,! result 0 tw(old3 fir/1 t5s ( ?\s&s ( *ildr5 7 depriv$ ( di/9ct religi\s in/ruction & doctr9al k2 & secondly1 9 c\ntries :]e ! ,roman ,ca?olic population 0 l>ge1 ?\gh 9 a m9ority1 o!r t5s ( ?\s&s 7 left )\t secul> education1 because _! p>5ts w\ld n p]mit !m to be br\ght up 9 habits ( indiff]5tism1 :i* means practical infidelity1 or tra9$ 9 k ho/ile to _! religi\s fai?4 ,prussia1 ?\gh %e is ! v embodim5t & repres5tative ( ,prote/ant ,europe1 soon came to ! conclusion t ?is w\ld n d--t education mu/ be ,*ri/ian--t x mu/ be doctr9al & conducive to religi\s practices--t1 z all c\ld n or w\ld n believe alike1 ea* %\ld h full opportunity to be re>$ 9 8 own fai?1 to le>n its doctr9es & to fulfil its duties & discipl9e--&1 !re=e1 t enlight5$ gov]nm5t e/abli%$ ! d5om9ational sy/em1 giv+ to ea* cre$ practical equality be=e ! law1 a sep>ate s*ool organization1 7:]ev] numb]s made x practicable17 & a ratable %>e ( ! public s*ool-fund2 res]v+ to ! gov]nm5t only a g5]al sup]vision1 s z to secure a fai?ful application ( ! public money1 & to en=ce a prop] compliance ) ! educational /&>d4 ,! public s*ools are organiz$ s t e citiz5 %all obta9 ! complete education ( 8 *ild1 9 ! fai? & practice ( 8 own *ur*4 ,all difficulties h disappe>$1 & p]fect h>mony prevails4 #fib ,9 ,france1 by ! la/ c5sus1 ! population 0 ?irty-sev5 millions1 divid$ ab\t z foll[s3 #dhj1jjj ,calv9i/s1 #bfg1jjj ,lu!rans1 #cj1jjj ( o!r ,prote/ant sects1 & #gc1jjj ,jews2 ! rema9+ ?irty-six millions be+ ei!r practically or nom9ally ,ca?olic4 ,al?\gh ! diss5t]s f ! national fai? are less ?an "o million1 t gov]nm5t has provid$ = !m1 at ! public exp5se1 sep>ate prim>y s*ools1 :]e ea* sect is at full lib]ty to tea* its own doctr9es4 ,!re are likewise ?ree sem9>ies = ! high] education ( ,lu!rans & ,calv9i/s4 ,au/ria also supports s*ools1 colleges1 & univ]sities = a ,prote/ant m9ority4 ,! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t has likewise adopt$ ! same pr9ciple ( public education = ! ,ca?olics & ! ,prote/ant diss5t]s ( ,engl&2 :ile1 ) h] traditional & malignant hatr$ ( ! ,iri% p1 %e /ill d5ies !m ! ju/ice :i* %e ext5ds to all ( h] o!r subjects1 at home or 9 ! colonies1 ev5 to ! ,h9doos & ,mohamm$ans ( h] ,indian empire6 ,& ?us ! mo/ p[]ful & enlight5$ nations h decid$ t ,*ri/ian civilization _c be ma9ta9$ ^u pagan ideas2 & t ! safety ( e commonweal? dep5ds ^u ! ,*ri/ian education ( ! p4 ,!y h also cle>ly se5 t doctr9es1 discipl9e1 morals1 & ! religi\s atmosph]e mu/ be kept unit$1 & made to p5etrate & surr\nd ! s*ool at all times2 & t1 h[ev] greatly ! ,*ri/ian d5om9ations may diff] f ea* o!r1 or ev5 err 9 _! belief1 x is f> bett] = society t _! y\? %\ld be in/ruct$ 9 "s =m ( ,*ri/ian doctr9e1 ?an be left to p]i% 9 ! dre>y & s\l-de/roy+ wa/es ( deism4 ,exp]i5ce has prov$ to !m t moral tea*+1 ) biblical illu/rations1 z ! piety ( ,joseph1 ! h]oism ( ,judi?1 ! p5it5ce ( ,david1 w n suffice to e/abli% ! ,*ri/ian fai? 9 "y he>ts1 or to quiet ! d\bts ( inquir+ m9ds4 ,! subtle ,gibbon1 mock+ ! cross ( ,*ri/1 w confront ! te/imony ( ! m>tyrs ) ! h]oes ( pagan hi/ory4 ,voltaire did ! same = ! ,fr5* y\? ( ! la/ c5tury1 to _! de/ruction4 ,no4 ,! exp]i5ce ( wise gov]nm5ts is ?is3 t morals mu/ be bas$ ^u fai?1 & fai? made effici5t 9 de$s ( practical virtue2 = fai? worke? by *>ity4 ,& ano!r exp]i5ce is ?is1 :i* is be/ giv5 9 ! v words ( ! em95t ,prote/ant /atesman & hi/orian1 ,m4 ,guizot3 ,9 ord] to make popul> education truly good & socially useful1 x mu/ be fundam5tally religions4 ,i d n simply mean by ?is1 t religi\s in/ruction %\ld hold its place 9 popul> education & t ! practices ( religion %\ld ent] into x2 = a nation is n religi\sly educat$ by su* petty & me*anical devices2 x is necess>y t national education %\ld be giv5 & receiv$ 9 ! mid/ ( a religi\s atmosph]e1 & t religions impressions & religi\s obs]vances %\ld p5etrate into all its p>ts4 ,religion is n a /udy or an ex]cise to be re/rict$ to a c]ta9 place & a c]ta9 h\r2 x is a fai? & a law1 :i* ought to be felt ev]y:]e1 & :i* aft] ?is mann] alone c ex]cise all its b5eficial influ5ce ^u our m9ds & our lives4 #fic ,! mean+ ( :i* is1 t n a mom5t ( ! h\rs ( s*ool %\ld be left )\t ! religi\s influ5ce4 ,x is ! con/ant inhalation ( ! air :i* pres]ves our physical vitality4 ,x is ! religi\s atmosph]e :i* supports ! "y s\l4 ,religion _c be made a /udy or an ex]cise to be re/rict$ to a c]ta9 place & a c]ta9 h\r4 ,x w n d to devote six days 9 ! week to sci5ce1 & to dep5d ^u ! ,sunday-s*ool = ! religi\s tra9+ ( ! *ild4 ,m4 ,guizot is "r4 ,! enlight5$ gov]nm5ts ( ,europe h accept$ 8 wisdom & r$uc$ x to practice 9 _! great national s*ool-sy/ems4 ,n[1 ! ,ca?olics ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates h said no m ?an t2 h ask$ no m ?an t2 & yet1 a wild cry ( ang] has be5 rais$ aga9/ !m at times1 z ?\gh !y 7 ! av[$ enemies ( all popul> education4 ,!y pay _! full quota ( ! public taxes :i* create ! s*ool-fund1 & yet !y possess1 to-day1 9 proportion to _! weal? & numb]s1 m p>o*ial s*ools1 sem9>ies1 academies1 colleges1 & univ]sities1 e/abli%$ & su/a9$ exclusively by _! own private res\rces1 ?an any o!r d5om9ation ( ,*ri/ians 9 ?is c\ntry6 ,c]ta9ly ?is is no evid5ce ( ho/ility to education6 ,& :y h !y made ^! wond]ful ef=ts1 ^! unprec$5t$ sacrifices8 ,x is because !y believe 9 ! tru? utt]$ by ,m4 ,guizot4 ,x is because !y believe 9 ! tru? e/abli%$ by all hi/ory4 ,x is because !y believe 9 ! tru? accept$ & act$ ^u by enlight5$ m5 & gov]nm5ts ( ?is age4 ,x is because !y "k t reveal$ religion is to human sci5ce :at et]nity is to "t4 ,x is because !y "k t ! salvation ( s\ls is m preci\s to ,*ri/ ?an ! k ( all ! a/ronom]s4 ,x is because !y "k t ! welf>e ( nations is impossible )\t ,god4 ,& yet1 !y fully und]/& h[ religion has call$ sci5ce to h] side z an honor$ h&maid2 h[ le>n+1 *a/5$ by humility1 conduces to ,*ri/ian advancem5t2 h[ ! k ( good & evil 7! fruit ( ! =bidd5 tree7 may yet be made to honor ,god1 :5 ! sanctifi$ s\l rejects ! evil & embraces ! good4 ,!re=e ! ,ca?olic p desire d5om9ational education1 z x is call$4 ,t is ! g5]al view ( ! "q2 b !re is a p>ticul> view1 n to be ov]look$1 & :i* we w n[ briefly consid]4 ,! mo/ m>k$ di/9ction betwe5 pagan & ,*ri/ian society is to be f\nd 9 ! relations :i* ! /ate be>s to ! family4 ,sc>cely 0 ! ,lac$aemonian boy releas$ f 8 "m's apron-/r+1 :5 ! /ate seiz$ him ) an iron h&4 ,! /ate 0 !nce=? 8 fa!r & 8 "m4 ,! sanctities & duties ( ! family 7 annihilat$4 ,body & s\l1 he belong$ to ! ,molo* ( ,p[]4 ,private consci5ce 0 no m ?an a piece ( co9 9 circulation2 x 0 a "p ( ! public prop]ty4 ,*ri/ re/or$ ! family z x exi/$ 9 ,adam & ,eve4 ,*ri/ian civilization d5ies t ! /ate c de/roy ! family4 #fid ,! family is prim>y2 ! fa!r ! head2 ! "m ! helpmate2 ! *ildr5 9 subjection1 & = :om ! p>5ts %all give an acc\nt to ! ,fa!r 9 heav54 ,! ,*ri/ian /ate has no au?ority1 by div9e or human appo9tm5t1 to invade ?is tru/4 ,x has1 !re=e1 no mission ei!r to co]ce consci5ce or to dictate ! education ( x4 ,x is ! duty ( ! /ate 9 e way to facilitate1 b x _c arbitr>ily control ! m5tal & moral tra9+ ( ! p's *ildr54 ,t "r & t responsibility are dome/ical1 & belong to ! p>5t4 ,n[1 ! ,ca?olic p>5t is aw>e t !re are betwe5 8 cre$ & all o!rs ! wide/ & mo/ irreconcilable diff]5ces1 & t x is impossible to op5 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 at almo/ any page1 )\t =?) enc\nt]+ ! prime difficulty4 ,to read ! ,bible1 )\t note or comm5t1 to "y *ildr51 is to ab&on !m to dang]\s speculation1 or to leave !m dry & b>r5 ( all ,*ri/ian k4 ,9 mix$ s*ools !re is no o!r rec\rse2 because x is impossible to make any comm5t ^u any doctr9al tea*+ ( ,*ri/ & 8 apo/les1 )\t tr5*+ ^u ! consci5ti\s op9ions ( "s "o or o!r ( ! li/5]s4 ,! ,fa!r & ,i are "o2 ,! ,fa!r is great] ?an ,i2 "h at once we h ! ,unit>ian & ! ,tr9it>ian at a dead-lock6 ,?is is my body2 ,x is ! _s :i* quick5e?1 ! fle% pr(ite? no?+2 "h we h ! primitive ,lu!ran1 :o believ$ 9 ! real pres5ce1 7consub/antially17 & 8 ,calv9i/ic coadjutor 9 re=m squ>ely at issue6 ,unless y be born aga9 ( wat] & ! ,holy ,gho/1 etc42 "h we h ! ,bapti/ & ! ,quak] v s]i\sly divid$ 9 op9ion4 ,nev]!less1 widely z !y diff] ! "o f ! o!r1 !re is a fundam5tal assimilation betwe5 all ! ,prote/ant sects1 :i* may r5d] x possible = !m to unite 9 "o educational organization2 & yet1 we f9d _m ( ! mo/ enlight5$ & e>ne/ among ! ,prote/ant cl]gy ( ,am]ica n[ zeal\sly advocat+ ! d5om9ational sy/em1 su* z we f9d 9 ! ,european c\ntries above ref]r$ to4 ,!y believe t education %\ld be di/9ctly bas$ ^u doctr9al religion2 & !y are lib]al en\gh to insi/1 t1 by natural "r1 z well z by ! con/itutional gu>antees ( our free c\ntry1 no doctr9e adv]se to ! fai? ( a p>5t may lawfully be =c$ or surreptiti\sly impos$ ^u 8 *ild4 ,x is well kn[n1 h[ev]1 t1 betwe5 ! ,ca?olic fai? & all ,prote/ant cre$s1 !re is a gulf :i* _c be bridg$ ov]4 ,x w\ld1 !re=e1 be simply impossible to adopt any religi\s tea*+ :atev] 9 mix$ s*ools )\t at once int]f]+ ) ,ca?olic consci5ce4 ,no su* tea*+ is attempt$1 z a g5]al rule1 we believe1 9 ! public s*ools ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & h5ce we h only a vague ann\ncem5t ( moral precepts1 ! utt] futility & b>r5ness ( :i* we h already allud$ to4 ,ca?olics1 agree+ ) v _m enlight5$ & zeal\s ,prote/ants1 believe t secul> education adm9i/]$ 9 t way is n only va91 b em95tly p]nici\s2 t x is fa/ und]m9+ ! ,*ri/ian fai? ( ?is nation2 t x is rapidly fill+ ! l& ) rationalism2 t x is de/roy+ ! au?ority ( ! ,holy ,scriptures2 t x is educat+ m5 :o prefix ,rev]5d & affix ,d4,d4 to _! names1 ! m effectually to prea* cov]t infidelity to ,*ri/ian congregations2 t1 in/ead ( ! sav+ morality ( ! gospel ( ,*ri/1 :i* re/s ^u reveal$ my/]ies & sup]natural gifts1 x is (f]+ u t same old array ( ! natural virtues or qualities :i* pi]c$1 l brok5 re$s1 ! sides ( all hea!n nations4 #fie ,& m ?an ?is1 ,ca?olics "k by pa9ful exp]i5ce1 t hi/ory _c be compil$1 travels writt51 poetry1 oratory1 or romance inflict$ ^u a cr$ul\s public1 )\t ! /]eotyp$ assaults ^u ! doctr9es1 discipl9e1 & hi/orical life ( _! *ur*4 ,f ,walt] ,scott to ,pet] ,p>ley1 & f ,hume1 ,gibbon1 & ,macaulay1 to ! me*anical compil]s ( *eap s*ool-lit]ature1 x is ! same /ory1 told a ?\s& times (t5] ?an x is refut$2 s t ! ,engli% language1 = ! la/ two c5turies1 may be said1 )\t exagg]ation1 to h wag$ w> aga9/ ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,inde$1 s f> z ,european hi/ory is consid]$1 ! difficulty mu/ always be insurm\ntable2 s9ce x w\ld always be impossible = ! ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant to accept ! same hi/ory ( ! ,re=mation or ( ! ,papal ,see1 or ! political1 social1 & moral ev5ts result+ f or 9 any degree connect$ ) ^? two great c5tres & controll+ causes4 ,:o c\ld write a political hi/ory ( ,*ri/5dom = ! la/ ?ree hundr$ ye>s & omit all m5tion ( ,lu!r & ! ,pope8 ,& h[ is any s*ool comp5dium ( su* hi/ory to be devis$ = ! use ( ! ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant *ild alike8 ,& if hi/ory be philosophy tea*+ by example1 %all we expel x f our educational plan altoge!r8 ,or %all we oblige ! ,prote/ant *ild to /udy ! ,ca?olic v]sion ( hi/ory1 & vice-v]sa8 ,c]ta9ly1 x is q z j & politic to oblige ! "o z ! o!r6 ,%all ! majority control ?is8 ,:o gave majority any su* p[] or "r8 ,) u1 ! majority controls ! /ate2 & we h se5 t ! /ate becomes a usurp] :5 x attempts ?is6 ,we are q sure t1 if ! ,ca?olics 7 ! majority2 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & 7 to attempt su* an inju/ice1 our ,prote/ant bre?r5 w\ld cry out aga9/ x1 & appeal to ! wise & lib]al examples ( ,prussia & ,engl&1 ,france & ,au/ria6 ,n[1 is x n always z unwise1 z x is unju/1 to make a m9ority ta/e ! bitt]ness ( oppression8 ,m5 gov]n$ by ! law ( div9e *>ity w be> x meekly1 & seek to return good = evil2 b all m5 are n docile2 & majorities *ange sides rapidly & (t5 9 ?is fleet+ _w6 ,is x n wis] & m politic1 ev5 9 m]e reg>d to social int]e/s1 t all in/itutions1 int5d$ = ! welf>e ( ! p1 %\ld be firmly bas$ ^u exact & equal ju/ice8 ,?is w\ld place !m "u ! protection ( fix$ habit1 :i* 9 a nation is z /rong z nature2 & x w\ld save !m f ! mutations ( society4 ,! /rong ( "o g5]ation may be ! weak ( ! next2 & we see ?is occurr+ ) political p>ties )9 ! brief spaces ( presid5tial t]ms4 ,h5ce we wisely inculcate mod]ation & ju/ice 9 political majorities1 "u ! law ( retribution4 ,pr(\ndly impress$ ) ^! views1 & impell$ by ?is comm&+ s5se ( duty1 our ,ca?olic p h creat$ a va/ network ( s*ools ov] ! c\ntry1 at a price :i* ! _w kn[s little (--! sacrifice :i* ! poor man makes1 :o curtails ! :eat5 loaf t he may give to 8 *ild ! spiritual bread6 ,ah6 h[ _m humble cottages & dre>y t5em5t-h\ses c\ld te/ify to t6 #fif ,!re are six millions ( !m "h n[2 & /ill !y come1 f ! des]t$ he>?s beyond ! seas4 ,!y are upright1 indu/ri\s1 & love ! new l& l ! old6 ,9 w>1 !y %\ld] ! musket2 9 peace1 !y are f\nd fill+ e av5ue ( labor & ent]prise4 ,!y contribute millions to ! public rev5ue1 & hundr$s ( millions to ! productive indu/ry ( ! c\ntry4 ,_! own welf>e & ! highe/ int]e/s ( ! c\ntry dem& t _! *ildr5 & _! *ildr5's *ildr5 %\ld be well in/ruct$ 9 secul> le>n+1 & ?or\ghly gr\nd$ 9 moral & religi\s k4 ,z we h %[n1 !y _c avail !mselves ( ! public s*ool sy/em1 z n[ organiz$1 ?\gh !y contribute l>gely to its support by _! taxes4 ,!y d n desire to int]f]e ) t sy/em1 z x seems at pres5t to meet ! wants1 or at lea/ ! views1 ( _! ,prote/ant fell[-citiz5s2 & !y are1 !re=e1 n oppos$ to ! common s*ools 9 ! s5se 9 :i* !y h be5 repres5t$ to be4 ,!y simply ask t !y may be all[$ to p>ticipate 9 ! only way op5 to !m1 t is1 by ! apportionm5t to !m ( a ratable "p ( ! fund1 9 aid ( _! exi/+ s*ools1 & ( su* o!rs z _! numb]s1 9 any giv5 locality1 may prop]ly enable !m to e/abli%1 subject to ! limit$ sup]vision ( ! /ate1 z we h be=e expla9$4 ,we ne$ g no fur!r ?an ,canada to witness ?is sy/em op]at+ h>moni\sly & to ! be/ advantage4 ,! argum5t g5]ally us$ aga9/ x is1 t ?is w\ld de/roy ! unity & effici5cy ( ! :ole4 ,:y is x n s 9 ,prussia1 ,au/ria1 ,france1 ,engl&1 & ! ,briti% ,colonies8 ,besides1 ! ,ca?olic populations 9 ?is c\ntry are v mu* aggregat$1 z 9 ,baltimore1 ,philadelphia1 ,bo/on1 ,new ,york1 ,brooklyn1 ,c9c9nati1 ,/4 ,l\is1 ,*icago1 ,milwaukee1 & 9 ! l>ge agricultural settlem5ts ?r\gh\t ! ,nor?-,we/]n ,/ates4 ,c]ta9ly1 9 su* localities !re c\ld be no difficulty4 ,x is contemplat$ by ! s*ool law t all ^! are to be educat$4 ,!n1 :y c !y n be p]mitt$ to organize sep>ate s*ools1 z 9 ! c\ntries ref]r$ to8 ,su* organization w\ld be an integral "p ( ! :ole sy/em2 & ! co/ w\ld be precisely ! same4 ,9 fact1 we le>n f ! ,reports ( ,assi/ant ,sup]9t5d5ts ,jones & ,calk9s1 made to ,hon4 ,s4 ,s4 ,r&all1 ! ,city ,sup]9t5d5t1 & also f 8 ,report made to ! ,hon4 ,bo>d ( ,education1 9 ,decemb]1 #ahff1 t ! s*ool room provid$ 9 ! city ( ,new ,york 7especially 9 ! prim>y dep>tm5t7 is altoge!r inadequate2 & yet we "k t t5s ( ?\s&s ( ,ca?olic *ildr5 c\ld easily be c>$ =1 if ! means 7 af=d$ ^? :o1 ev5 n[1 ) ! scantie/ res\rces1 are erect+ p>o*ial s*ools all ov] ! city4 ,x w\ld be impossible 9 a brief article to ent] into details4 ,our purpose has be5 r to set ?is "q be=e a lib]al public 9 its great lead+ aspects1 z we are q will+ to tru/ to ! wisdom & exp]i5ce ( our legislators to devise ! prop] plan & specifications4 ,!y w be at no loss = prec$5ts4 ,! /atute-books ( half a doz5 c\ntries may be consult$ pr(itably4 ,all we ask is1 t ?is mom5t\s "q may be c&idly consid]$ & ju/ly & g5]\sly dispos$ (4 ,we hope t ! day has gone by :5 su* a "q z ?is %all be met ) passionate declamation or ! obsolete cry ( no pop]y4 #fig ,disraeli has fail$ to /em ! tide ( popul> re=m 9 ,engl& by reviv+ ! insane clamor ( ,"l ,george ,gordon4 ,! _w has outgr[n su* n>r[ bigotry4 ,vital que/ions1 affect+ ! consci5ce & ! rights ( multitudes ( m51 & deeply involv+ ! welf>e ( nations1 mu/ h5ce=? be settl$ by calm & j decisions4 ,*ri/5dom w tol]ate no?+ else n[4 ,& surely1 ?is free & wise ,republic w n be ! la/ to put into practice ^? pr9ciples ( equality be=e ! law1 ju/ice1 & g5]\s confid5ce 9 human nature1 :i* x publi%$ to all ! d[n-trodd5 nationalities ( ! e>?1 almo/ a c5tury ago1 ov] ! signatures ( ,hancock1 ,liv+/on1 & ,c>roll ( ,c>rollton4 ---------- ,! ,eclipse ,( ,! ,sun ,( ,augu/ #ah1 #ahfh4 ,a ,report ,address$ ,by ,m4 ,janss5 ,to ,! ,m>%al ,( ,france1 ,presid5t ,( ,! ,bureau ,( ,longitudes4 ,calcutta1 ,novemb] #c1 #ahfh4 ,m4 ,le ,m>*al ,et ,m9i/re3 ,i h ! honor ( address+ to y1 z ,presid5t ( ! ,bureau ( ,longitudes1 my report on ! eclipse ( ! #ah? ( la/ ,augu/1 & ^u "s subsequ5t obs]vations1 :i* l$ me to ! discov]y ( a me?od ( obs]v+ ! sol> protub]ances :5 ! sun is n eclips$4 ,i w beg y to h ! k9dness to communicate ?is to ! ,bureau4 ,i h ! honor to be1 etc4 etc41 ,janss54 ,mr4 ,presid5t3 ,i _h ! privilege ( writ+ to y on ! #ai? ( ,septemb] la/1 to give y a brief acc\nt ( my exp$ition4 ,i am n[ able to furni% y ) a m complete report ( my obs]vations dur+ ! great eclipse ( ! #ah? ( ,augu/4 ,! /eam] ( ! ,messag]ies ,imp]iales1 9 :i* ,i left ,france1 l&$ me1 on ! #af? ( ,july1 at ,madras1 :]e ,i 0 receiv$ by ! ,engli% au?orities ) great c\rtesy4 ,"l ,napi]1 ! gov]nor ( ! prov9ce1 gave me passage to ,masulipatam ^u a gov]nm5t boat4 ,mr4 ,grahame1 an assi/ant collector1 0 s5t ) me to remove any difficulties :i* ,i might meet ) 9 ! int]ior4 ,on arriv+1 ,i _h to select my /ation4 ,a *>t ( ! eclipse %[s t ! c5tral l9e1 aft] cross+ ! ,bay ( ,b5gal1 ent]s ! p59sula ( ,india at ,masulipatam1 & cross+ ! great pla9s =m$ by ! delta ( ! ,ki/na1 passes into a hilly c\ntry1 conta9+ sev]al *a9s ( m\nta9s1 on ! fronti] ( ! indep5d5t /ate ( ,nizzam4 ,aft] receiv+ & consid]+ mu* in=mation on ! subject1 ,i det]m9$ to *oose ! city ( ,guntoor1 situat$ on ?is c5tral l9e1 half-way betwe5 ! m\nta9s & ! sea4 ,i ?us avoid$ ! sea-fogs1 v frequ5t at ,masulipatam1 z well z ! cl\ds :i* (t5 hang ab\t l(ty peaks4 #fih ,guntoor is q an important place1 be+ ! c5tre ( a l>ge cotton trade4 ,?is cotton comes mo/ly f ,nizzam1 & is %ipp$ to ,europe f ! ports ( ,cocanada & ,masulipatam4 ,sev]al ,fr5* m]*ants1 ) _! families1 live at ,guntoor2 !y are desc5d$1 g5]ally speak+1 f ^? anci5t & num]\s families :i* 9 =m] times 7 ! glory ( our beautiful ,indian colonies4 ,my obs]vatory 0 at ! resid5ce ( ,m4 ,jules ,lefau*eur1 :o 0 s k9d z to place at my disposal all ! fir/ /ory ( 8 h\se1 :i* is 9 ! highe/ & be/ "p ( ! city4 ,! rooms ( ?is fir/ /ory communicat$ ) a l>ge t]race1 ^u :i* ,i erect$ a tempor>y /ructure suitable = ! obs]vations int5d$4 ,! in/rum5ts 7 sev]al a*romatic l5ses ( six in*es ap]ture1 & a ,f\cault telescope ( tw5ty-"o c5timetres4 ,! =m] 7 all m\nt$ ^u "o /&4 ,! g5]al movem5t 0 giv5 by a me*anism con/ruct$ by ,messrs4 ,brunn] ,bros41 :i* enabl$ "o to foll[ ! sun by a simple rotation4 ,! app>atus 0 furni%$ ) f9d]s ( two & two & ?ree qu>t] in*es ap]ture1 :i* 7 !mselves good a/ronomical glasses4 ,9 spectral analysis1 ^! f9d]s h a peculi> importance2 = by means ( !m ! precise po9t ( ! object "u exam9ation is kn[n1 to :i* ! slit ( ! spectroscope 9 ! pr9cipal telescope is direct$4 ,x is !re=e necess>y t ! cross-wires1 or 9 g5]al ! sights plac$ 9 ! field ( ! f9d]1 %\ld correspond ) great exactness ) ! slit ( ! spectral app>atus1 & ,i _h1 ( c\rse1 tak5 great c>e to secure ?is ess5tial po9t4 ,special micromet]s 7 also provid$1 to measure rapidly ! height & angle ( position ( ! protub]ances4 ,z = ! spectroscopes1 ,i _h *os5 !m ( diff]5t magnify+ p[]s1 s z to answ] to ! diff]5t requirem5ts ( ! v>i\s ph5om5a4 ,f9ally1 ! app>atus c>ri$1 at ! eye-piece end1 scre5s ( black clo?1 =m+ a d>k *amb]1 9 ord] to pres]ve ! s5sibility ( ! eye4 ,besides ^! in/rum5ts1 int5d$ = ! pr9cipal obs]vations1 ,i _h br\ght a full set ( v delicate !rmomet]s1 made ) great skill by ,m4 ,baud92 also "s portable spy-glasses1 hygromet]s1 b>omet]s1 etc4 ,?us ,i 0 able to turn to acc\nt ! k9dness ( ,,mm4 ,jules1 ,ar?ur1 & ,william ,lefau*eur1 :o (f]$ _! s]vices = ! subsidi>y "w4 ,m4 ,jules1 :o is a good draughtsman1 und]took to sket* ! eclipse4 ,an excell5t telescope1 ( ?ree in*es ap]ture1 furni%$ ) cross-wires1 0 assign$ to 8 use2 he practis$ ) x ! repres5tation ( ! expect$ ph5om5a by means ( artificial imitations ( eclipses4 ,! !rmometric obs]vations 7 giv5 to ,m4 ,ar?ur1 :o 0 also direct$ to asc]ta9 ! brilliancy ( ! protub]ances & ( ! corona at ! mom5t ( totality1 by a v simple photometric process4 ,i 0 assi/$ 9 my own op]ations by ,m4 ,r$i]1 a "y subalt]n1 :om ! comm&] ( ! /eam] ,l',imp]atrice _h suppli$ to me4 ,! s]vices ( ,m4 ,r$i]1 :o has excell5t obs]v+ qualities1 7 v useful to me4 ,! "t :i* rema9$ be=e ! eclipse 0 employ$ 9 prelim9>y /udy & practice1 :i* s]v$ to famili>ize u ) ! h&l+ ( our in/rum5ts1 & sugge/$ to me v>i\s improvem5ts 9 !m4 #fii ,! day approa*$1 b ! wea!r did n promise to be favorable4 ,x _h ra9$ = "s "t all along ! coa/4 ,^! ra9s 7 consid]$ z extraord9>y & exceptional4 ,=tunately1 !y mod]at$ gradually be=e ! #ah?2 & on t day ! sun rose uncl\d$1 & dimm$ only by a mi/ out ( :i* x soon pass$2 & at ! "t :5 our telescopes %[$ u t ! eclipse began1 x 0 %9+ ) its full spl5dor4 ,e "o 0 at 8 po/1 & ! obs]vations imm$iately comm5c$4 ,dur+ ! fir/ phases "s ?9 vapors pass$ be=e ! sun1 :i* int]f]$ some:at ) ! !rmometric measurem5ts2 b1 z ! mom5t ( totality approa*$1 ! sky became suffici5tly cle>4 ,mean:ile ! light dim9i%$ s5sibly1 surr\nd+ objects appe>+ z if se5 by moonlight4 ,! decisive mom5t 0 ne>1 & we wait$ = x ) "s anxiety2 ?is anxiety took no?+ f our p[]s ( obs]vation1 x r /imulat$ & increas$ !m2 & x 01 besides1 fully ju/ifi$ by ! gr&eur ( ! spectacle :i* nature 0 prep>+ = u1 & by ! consci\sness t ! fruits ( our ?or\gh prep>ations & ( a long voyage w\ld dep5d on ! use n[ made ( a few m9utes4 ,! sol> disc 0 soon r$uc$ to a n>r[ bright arc1 & we r$\bl$ our att5tion4 ,! slits ( ! spectroscopes 7 kept precisely ^u ! "p ( ! moon's limb :]e ! la/ light ( ! sun w\ld be se51 s t !y w\ld be direct$ to ! l[] regions ( ! sol> atmosph]e at ! mom5t ( contact ( ! discs4 ,! total obscuration occurr$ in/antane\sly1 & ! spectral ph5om5a also *ang$ imm$iately 9 a v rem>kable mann]4 ,two spectra1 =m$ ( five or six v bright l9es--r$1 yell[1 gre51 blue1 & violet--occupi$ ! field 9 place ( ! prismatic image ( ! sun :i* _h j disappe>$4 ,^! spectra1 ab\t "o m9ute 7( arc7 long1 correspond$ l9e = l9e1 & 7 sep>at$ by a d>k space 9 :i* ,i c\ld see no l9es4 ,! f9d] %[$ t ^! two spectra 7 caus$ by two magnific5t protub]ances :i* 7 n[ visible on ea* side ( ! po9t ( contact4 ,"o ( !m1 t on ! left1 0 m ?an ?ree m9utes 7or "o t5? ( ! sun's diamet]7 9 height2 x look$ l ! flame ( a furnace1 ru%+ viol5tly f ! op5+s ( ! burn+ mass )91 & driv5 by a /rong w9d4 ,! "o to ! "r pres5t$ ! appe>ance ( a mass ( sn[y m\nta9s1 ) its base re/+ on ! moon's limb1 & enlight5$ by a sett+ sun4 ,^! appe>ances h be5 c>efully drawn by ,m4 ,jules ,lefau*eur4 ,i w !re=e only rem>k be=e quitt+ ! subject1 :i* ,i %all h to treat subsequ5tly "u a special aspect1 t ! prec$+ obs]vation %[s at once3 #a/4 ,! gase\s nature ( ! protub]ances1 7! l9es be+ bright47 #b;d4 ,! g5]al simil>ity ( _! *emical composition1 7! spectra correspond+ l9e = l9e47 #c;d4 ,_! *emical species1 7! r$ & blue l9es ( _! spectrum be+ no o!r ?an ! l9es ,c & ,f ( ! sol> "o1 & belong+1 z is well kn[n1 to hydrog5 gas47 ,let u n[ return to ! d>k space :i* sep>at$ ! spectra ( ^! protub]ances4 ,x w be rememb]$ t1 at ! mom5t ( ! total obscuration1 ! slits 7 tang5t to ! sol> & lun> discs1 & 7 !re=e direct$ t[>d ! circumsol> regions imm$iately above ! photosph]e1 9 :i* regions ,m4 ,kir*h(f's !ory places ! atmosph]e ( vapors1 :i* produces by absorption ! d>k l9es ( ! sol> spectrum4 #gjj ,?is atmosph]e1 :5 %9+ by its own light1 %\ld1 accord+ to ! same !ory1 give a rev]s$ sol> spectrum1 t is to say1 "o compos$ entirely ( bright l9es4 ,?is is :at we 7 expect+ & try+ to v]ify1 & x 0 to make ! pro( decisive t ,i _h us$ s _m precautions4 ,b we h j se5 t only ! protub]ances gave positive or bright-l9e spectra4 ,n[1 x is v c]ta9 t1 if an atmosph]e =m$ ( ! vapors ( all ! sub/ances :i* h be5 f\nd 9 ! sun really exi/$ above ! photosph]e1 x w\ld h giv5 a spectrum at lea/ z brilliant z t ( ! protub]ances1 :i* 7 =m$ ( a gas mu* less d5se & less lum9\s4 ,x mu/1 !n1 be admitt$ t1 if ?is atmosph]e exi/s1 its height is s small t x has escap$ notice4 ,i mu/ also add t ?is result did n mu* surprise me2 = my inve/igations on ! sol> spectrum _h l$ me to d\bt ! reality ( any consid]able atmosph]e ar\nd ! sun1 & ,i am m & m incl9$ to ?9k t ! ph5om5a ( elective absorption1 ascrib$ by ! great physici/ ( ,heidelb]g to an atmosph]e ext]ior to ! sun1 are clue to ! vapors ( ! photosph]e itself1 9 :i* ! solid & liquid p>ticles =m+ ! lum9\s cl\ds are float+4 ,?is view is n m]ely 9 h>mony ) ! beautiful !ory on ! con/itution ( ! photosph]e :i* we owe to ,m4 ,faye1 b ev5 seems to be a necess>y d$uction f x4 ,9 f9e1 ! eclipse ( ! #ah? ( ,augu/ appe>s to me to %[ t ! =mation ( ! sol> spectrum _c be expla9$ by ! !ory h]et(ore admitt$1 & ,i propose a correction to ?is !ory z above indicat$4 ,to return to ! protub]ances4 ,dur+ ! total obscuration1 ,i 0 mu* impress$ by ! extreme brilliancy ( _! spectral l9es4 ,! idea imm$iately occurr$ to me t !y might be se5 ev5 :5 ! sun 0 unobscur$2 un=tunately ! wea!r1 :i* became cl\dy aft] ! eclipse1 did n all[ me to try ! exp]im5t on t day4 ,dur+ ! night1 ! me?od & ! means pres5t$ !mselves cle>ly to my m9d4 ,ris+ ! next morn+ at ?ree1 ,i prep>$ = ^! new obs]vations4 ,! sun rose q cle>2 z soon z x _h ris5 f ! haze ( ! horizon1 ,i began to exam9e x1 plac+ ! slit ( ! spectroscope1 by means ( ! f9d]1 ^u ! same place :]e1 ! day be=e1 ,i _h se5 ! protub]ances4 ,! slit1 be+ plac$ p>tly on ! sol> disc & p>tly outside1 gave1 ( c\rse1 two spectra1 t ( ! sun & t ( ! protub]ances4 ,! brilliancy ( ! sol> spectrum 0 a great difficulty2 ,i p>tially avoid$ x by hid+ ! yell[1 ! gre51 & ! blue portions1 :i* 7 ! mo/ brilliant4 ,all my att5tion 0 direct$ to ! l9e ,c1 d>k = ! sun1 bright = ! protub]ance1 & :i*1 com+ at a r fa9t "p ( ! spectrum1 0 se5 ) comp>ative ease4 ,i _h n exam9$ ! "r h& or we/]n "p ( ! protub]ant region long :5 ,i sudd5ly notic$ a small bright r$ l9e1 =m+ an exact prolongation ( ! d>k l9e ,g ( ! sun4 ,mov+ ! slit s z to sweep me?odically ! region :i* ,i 0 explor+1 ?is l9e rema9$1 b *ang$ its l5g? & its brilliancy 9 ! diff]5t p>ts1 %[+ a great inequality 9 ! height & brightness ( ! v>i\s p>ts ( ! protub]ance4 #gja ,?is exam9ation 0 resum$ at ?ree diff]5t times1 & ! bright l9e always appe>$ 9 ! same circum/ances4 ,m4 ,r$i]1 :o assi/$ me ) mu* int]e/ 9 ^! exp]im5ts1 saw x z well z ,i1 & soon we c\ld ev5 pr$ict its appe>ance by m]ely kn[+ :at region we 7 exam9+4 ,soon aft]1 ,i asc]ta9$ t ! l9e ,f %[$ itself simultane\sly ) ,g4 ,9 ! aft]noon1 ,i return$ to ! region exam9$ 9 ! morn+2 ! bright l9es aga9 %[$ !mselves1 b !y indicat$ great *anges 9 ! di/ribution ( ! protub]ant matt]2 ! l9es broke up sometimes into isolat$ fragm5ts :i* w\ld n unite ) ! pr9cipal "o1 not)/&+ ! %ift+ ( ! slit4 ,?is sugge/$ ! exi/5ce ( scatt]$ cl\ds =m$ dur+ ! =5oon4 ,9 ! region ( ! great 7or left h&7 protub]ance1 ,i f\nd "s bright l9es1 b _! l5g? & arrangem5t %[$ t great *anges _h also occurr$ "h4 ,^! fir/ obs]vations already %[$ t ! co9cid5ce ( ! l9es ,g & ,f 0 real1 & t hydrog5 0 c]ta9ly ! mo/ important elem5t 9 ^! circumsol> masses4 ,!y also e/abli%$ ! rapidity ( ! *anges :i* ^! bodies und]go1 :i* _c be p]ceiv$ dur+ ! %ort duration ( an eclipse4 ,! foll[+ days1 ,i avail$ myself ( all ! opportunities all[$ by ! wea!r to apply & p]fect ! new me?od1 at lea/ z f> z 0 p]mitt$ by ! "* ( ! in/rum5ts1 :i* _h n be5 con/ruct$ to suit ?is new idea4 ,obs]v+ v att5tively ! l9es ( ! protub]ances1 ,i h sometimes notic$ t !y p5etrat$ into ! d>k l9es ( ! sol> spectrum1 %[+ ?us t ! protub]ance ext5ds ov] "p ( ! sun's disc4 ,?is result 0 naturally to be expect$2 b ! int]position ( ! moon has always made its pro( impossible dur+ eclipses4 ,i w also detail "h an obs]vation made on ! #d? ( ,septemb] at a favorable "t1 :i* %[s h[ rapidly ! protub]ances *ange _! =m & position4 ,at #i;h4 #ejm41 ! exam9ation ( ! sun %[$ a mass ( protub]ant matt] 9 ! l[] "p ( ! disc4 ,to det]m9e its %ape1 ,i us$ a me?od :i* may be call$ *ronometric1 s9ce "t is employ$ 9 x z ! /&>d ( measure4 ,9 ?is me?od1 ! telescope is plac$ 9 a fix$ position1 s *os5 t by ! diurnal movem5t ( ! sun all p>ts ( ! region to be explor$ %all come 9 turn into ! field ( ! spectroscope2 & at det]m9ate times ! l5g? & situation ( ! spectral l9es successively produc$ are not$4 ,! "t occupi$ by ! sun's disc 9 pass+ be=e ! slit gives ! value ( a second ( "t 9 m9utes ( arc4 ,?is1 comb9$ ) ! l5g? ( ! l9es e/imat$ 9 ! same unit1 gives ! means = a graphic repres5tation ( ! protub]ance4 ,! application ( ?is me?od to ! /udy ( ! sol> region j m5tion$ z se5 on ?is occasion1 %[$ a protub]ance ext5d+ ov] ab\t ?irty degrees 7or "o twelf?7 ( ! sun's circumf]5ce1 t5 ( :i* 7 ea/ ( ! v]tical diamet]1 & tw5ty we/4 ,ne> ! extremity ( ! we/]n "p1 a cl\d 0 ly+1 di/ant "o & a half m9utes1 or "o tw5tie? ( ! sun's diamet]1 f its limb4 ,?is cl\d1 ab\t two m9utes long & "o high1 0 p>allel to ! limb4 #gjb ,"o h\r aft]w>d1 a new draw+ %[$ t ! cl\d _h ris5 rapidly1 & tak5 a globul> =m4 ,b its movem5ts soon became /ill quick]2 = t5 m9utes lat]1 at elev5 o'clock1 ! globe 0 enorm\sly ext5d$ 9 a direction p]p5dicul> to ! limb & to its previ\s position4 ,a little mass ( matt] 0 also deta*$ f ! l[] "p1 & hung betwe5 ! sun & ! ma9 body ( ! cl\d4 ,?ick wea!r com+ on prev5t$ fur!r obs]vations4 ,to resume our rem>ks4 ,consid]$ 9 reg>d to its pr9ciple1 ! new me?od is bas$ ^u ! diff]5ce ( ! spectral prop]ties ( ! protub]ances & ( ! photosph]e4 ,! light ( ! latt] emanates f solid or liquid p>ticles1 :i* are inc&esc5t1 & is incomp>ably bright] ?an t ( ! =m]2 s t ^! h h>dly be5 visible hi!rto1 except dur+ eclipses4 ,b ! case is q alt]$ :5 we use ! spectra ( ^! bodies4 ,= ! sol> light is spread ov] ! :ole ext5t ( its spectrum1 & ?us mu* weak5$2 :ile t ( ! protub]ances1 on ! contr>y1 is cond5s$ into a few l9es ^: int5sity be>s "s proportion to t ( ! correspond+ sol> ones4 ,h5ce _! l9es are q easily se5 9 ! field1 toge!r ) ^? ( ! sun1 ?\gh _! ord9>y images are entirely effac$ by ! dazzl+ light ( ! photosph]e4 ,ano!r v =tunate circum/ance = ! new me?od comes to ! support ( ! "o j m5tion$1 namely1 t ! bright l9es ( ! protub]ances answ] to ! d>k ones ( ! sol> spectrum4 ,h5ce !y are n only m easily se5 9 _! own prop] field1 outside & on ! edge ( ! sol> spectrum1 b !y c ev5 be foll[$ into ! int]ior ( ! latt]1 & by ?is means ! protub]ances c be trac$ ^u ! globe ( ! sun itself4 ,z reg>ds ! det]m9ation ( *emical composition1 ! me?ods foll[$ dur+ total eclipses always c>ri$ ) !m "s unc]ta9ty2 s9ce1 9 ! abs5ce ( ! sun's light1 graduat$ scales _h to be employ$ to fix ! position ( ! l9es4 ,! new me?od enables u to comp>e ! two spectra directly4 ,z to ! results obta9$ dur+ ! brief p]iod 9 :i* ?is me?od has be5 us$1 !y are z foll[s3 #a/4 ,t ! lum9\s protub]ances obs]v$ dur+ total eclipses belong unque/ionably to ! circumsol> regions4 #b;d4 ,t ^! bodies are ma9ly or entirely compos$ ( inc&esc5t hydrog5 gas4 #c;d4 ,t !y are subject to movem5ts ( :i* no t]re/rial ph5om5on c give u any idea2 s9ce1 ?\gh !y are masses ( matt] hav+ sev]al hundr$ times ! volume ( ! e>?1 !y *ange completely _! =m & position 9 ! c\rse ( a few m9utes4 ,su* are ! pr9cipal facts arriv$ at4 ,i hope1 not)/&+ ! /ate ( my eyes--fatigu$ by protract$ exp]im5ts ^u ! subject ( light--t ,i %all be able to cont9ue my labors1 & h ! honor ( submitt+ ! results to ! ,bureau4 ,9 conclusion1 ,i w add1 t ,i h also _h an opportunity to cont9ue my rese>*es on ! spectrum ( ! vapor ( wat]4 ,! climate ( ,india1 :i* is v moi/ at pres5t1 is q favorable to ^! inve/igations4 ,i am incl9$ to attribute to ?is spectrum a cont9ually increas+ importance4 ,! :ole s]ies ( my obs]vations "h & at ,p>is has made me confid5t ( an elective action ^u all ! sol> rays z f> z ! extreme violet1 ?\gh 9 ! latt] su* an action is mu* m difficult to e/abli% ) c]ta9ty4 ,^! exp]im5ts w =m ! subject ( a sep>ate communication4 ---------- #gjc ,:o ,%all ,take ,c>e ,( ,! ,poor8 ,fir/ ,article4 ,! duty ( c>+ = ! poor1 :i* ,*ri/ laid ^u 8 *ur*1 has be5 assum$ 9 mod]n times by ! civil p[]2 & gov]nm5ts h s\ght1 by legislative enactm5ts & political ma*9]y1 to fill ! place ( ^? ecclesia/ical *>ities :i* disappe>$ 9 ! convulsions ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,x is ne$less to say t _! attempts h fail$1 & t ! problem1 ,:o %all take c>e ( ! poor8 is /ill1 9 all ,prote/ant c\ntries1 practically unsolv$4 ,we feel1 !re=e1 t no apology is necess>y = ent]+ ^u its discussion "h1 & t any light :i* may be ?r[n ^u ! subject by ourselves or o!rs w t5d to elucidate "o ( ! mo/ p]plex$ & difficult social que/ions ( ! pres5t age4 ,!re are c]ta9 fundam5tal pr9ciples :i* any exam9ation ( ?is subject1 f a ,*ri/ian po9t ( view1 mu/ assume1 & 9 accordance ) :i* all ,*ri/ian !ories & practice conc]n+ x mu/ proce$4 ,^! pr9ciples may be ?us briefly /at$3 ,i4 ,t ! c>e ( ! poor devolves ^u ^? :o cont9ue ! mission ( ,*ri/ 9 ! r$emption ( mank9d & accept & obey 8 comm&1 ,fe$ my flock2 ^u ^? ^: discipl9e ( "*1 at once p]sonal & corporate1 enables !m to help ! helpless1 to re=m ! vici\s1 & to conciliate ! dang]\s1 :ile _! organization af=ds a gu>antee ( p]si/5ce 9 ^! good works & ( ! prop] use ( ! means confid$ to !m2 9 a ^w1 ^u ^? :o comb9e ! attributes ( a provid5ce at once univ]sal & disc]n+1 ) equity 9 adm9i/ration & en]gy 9 execution4 ,,ii4 ,t ! pr9ciple ( action1 by :i* ?is "w alone c be effect$1 is :at may be t]m$ absorb5t sub/itution1 t is1 ! volunt>y assumption ( pov]ty out ( practical sympa?y ) ! poor4 ,,iii4 ,t ! legitimate effect ( ?is action is to enc\rage1 aid1 & guide ! poor to help !mselves1 & to infuse into !m t love = _! neighbor :i*1 by ?is m$iation1 becomes reciprocal4 ,,iv4 ,t ! e/abli%$ means by :i* ?is "w mu/ be p]=m$ are1 fir/3 ,! *ur* 9 h] collective capacity2 second1 ! ord]s ( *>ity2 ?ird1 ! v>i\sly con/itut$ b5eficial societies2 f\r?1 ! h& ( private ,*ri/ian *>ity1 ! latt] ( :i*1 9 ! discussion ( ?is "q z a public "o1 does n1 h[ev]1 ent] into our consid]ation4 #gjd ,! ?ree fir/ m5tion$ are (t5 f\nd unit$ 9 ! same community3 ! *ur*1 repres5t$ by ! congregation1 conta9+ ,si/]s ( ,*>ity or ,m]cy1 & also assi/ant ord]s ( pi\s p]sons1 :o1 ?\gh b\nd by no v[s1 "w 9 ! _w & aid ! o!r ord]s ) _! purse & influ5ce4 ,/ill1 ^? :o take ! v[s ( pov]ty1 *a/ity1 & ob$i5ce1 & :o1 9 organiz$ communities1 devote !mselves to works ( *>ity1 mu/ be reg>d$ z ! mo/ p]fect organs ( ?is ,*ri/ian "w4 ,& ^! become ?us volunt>ily poor1 self-d5y+1 & exclusive1 because n only is ! heal?y s\l =tifi$ & pres]v$ 9 spiritual p[] by privation ( ! pleasures ( ! s5ses1 b pov]ty itself becomes ennobl$ by ! assumption1 & its degradation disappe>s4 ,treat+ ^! pr9ciples1 = ! pres5t1 z self-evid5t1 we n[ inquire3 ,:o are our poor1 & h[ %all !y be c>$ =8 ,^u ?is "q1 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* _c limit h] provid5tial mission or assume a sect>ian attitude4 ,:ile prea*+1 by example1 to ! pi\s & humane ( e cre$1 ! zeal ( active *>ity1 %e mu/ ext5d h] b5efits to all ^? :o ne$ & seek h]1 )\t favor or di/9ction4 ,?is %e mu/ d to be consi/5t ) h] own hi/oric record1 & to fulfil ! behe/ ( h] ,"l4 ,:]ev] ,*ri/ian fai? & love exi/1 by _! works ye %all "k !m4 ,*>ity is ! te/ ( ! ,ca?olic fai?4 ,our ,d\ay ,cate*ism says t ! fir/ fruit ( ! ,holy ,gho/ is *>ity4 ,!n x tells u :at *>ity means1 9 ! language ( its effects1 namely1 ,to fe$ ! hungry1 to give dr9k to ! ?ir/y1 to clo! ! nak$1 to visit & ransom captives1 to h>bor ! h>borless1 to visit ! sick1 to bury ! dead3 a v matt] ( fact def9ition1 b :i* implies t1 ,?\ %alt love ?y neighbor z ?yself4 ,! practice ( *>ity alone c reconcile mank9d by dissipat+ s*ism1 & by ?us re-e/abli%+ _! unison1 secure ! triumph ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* ov] ! _w4 ,?is univ]sal unity ( _s employs 9 its me?ods ( action _m di/9ct organs & correspond+ v>ieties ( function1 & ! "t-honor$ maxim1 ,una fides1 una domus1 ,"o fai?1 "o h\se1 & ! ob$i5ce to con/itut$ au?ority1 b9d 9 ! circle ( good-w ^? ord]s :i*1 ?\gh ea* adopts a p>ticul> rule & special use1 amicably co-op]ate 9 _! sep>ation1 l ! bran*es ( ! same v9e4 ,:atev] pr9ciples ( action exp]i5ce has sanction$ 9 ,ca?olic *>ities1 comm5d !mselves alike to all ,*ri/ians4 ,:y is x1 asks ,mrs4 ,jameson1 t we see s _m wom51 c>efully educat$1 go+ ov] to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*8 ,= no o!r reason ?an = ! p[] x gives !m to ?r[ _! en]gies into a sph]e ( def9ite utility1 "u ! control ( a high religi\s responsibility4 ,to ea* ( ! notable aspects ( human affliction corresponds1 9 ! hi/ory ( ,*ri/5dom1 "o or m ord]s consecrat$ to its relief1 &1 f> f be+ conf9$ to m]e palliative exp$i5ts1 organic ef=ts t[>d ! radical cure ( our social evils h be5 develop$ "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,di/9ctive *>act]s ( ! ,ca?olic ord]s1 ?\gh n conf9$ to !m1 are celibacy & community ( prop]ty4 ,a bond ( union purely spiritual dissolves & replaces ^? ties :i* develop ! p]sonality ( ! individual4 #gje ,no fair comp>ison c be in/itut$ betwe5 ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant ord]s ( *>ity1 = ! simple reason t m>riage & ! family1 :i* p]petuate secul> e/ates by entail or inh]itance1 or seek1 9 ! ex*ange ( love1 an e>?ly heav51 act z effectual dissolv5ts on religi\s ord]s consecrat$ to a special "w4 ,! vitality ( ! ,episcopalian *>ities1 ,/4 ,john's & ,/4 ,luke's1 is n[ und]go+ ?is exp]im5t1 to-wit3 ,c ! requisite numb] ( effici5t nurses & (fic]s be ma9ta9$ )\t b9d+ v[s8 ,c ! s]vice ( ! ord] be organiz$ ) influ5ces t %all c\nt]poise ! temptations ( worldly vanities & int]e/s1 ! p[]ful attraction ( ! sexes1 & ! honorable ambition ( becom+ "o's self a focus ( social radiation8 ,( c\rse1 x is n necess>y to ! effectiv5ess ( a giv5 s]vice t x %\ld always be r5d]$ by ! same individuals2 b numb]s avail n )\t discipl9e2 &1 :ile relays & successions are all[$1 !y mu/ n be too frequ5t4 ,! sacrifice ( p]sonal lib]ty1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 is indisp5sable to ! ord] & effici5cy ( co-op]ative *>ity4 ,h5ce x is n surpris+ t ! fir/ attempts 9 ,engl& to con/itute ,episcopalian ord]s ( *>ity %\ld g5]ally h fail$4 ,?is impulse 0 due to ! humiliat+ lesson ( ! ,crimean w>1 :5 ,si/]s ( ,*>ity & ,m]cy flock$ f all ,europe to ! assi/ance ( ! ,fr5* sick & w\nd$1 :5 simil> ord]s ( ! ,greek ,*ur* came to befri5d ! afflict$ ,russian soldi]s2 b ! ,engli% 7 p]i%+ mis]ably1 until _! unlook$-= succor by ! int]v5tion ( ,miss ,flor5ce ,night+ale & h] h]oic b&4 ,! necessity ?us appreh5d$1 to fall back on ! in/itutions ( ,ca?olicity1 has rec5tly occasion$ ! =mation ( ord]s1 :o take ! v[ ( *a/ity1 pov]ty1 & ob$i5ce4 ,si/]s ( ,m]cy & ,si/]s ( ! ,contemplative ,life may be se5 9 ,london1 repair+ to *apel ?r\gh des]t$ /reets 9 ! e>ly morn+ h\rs4 ,w su* v[s1 unsanction$ by ! public op9ion ( ,prote/ant c\ntries1 be really b9d+8 ,h[ has x prov$ at ,valle ,cruce8 ,oppress$ & al>m$ by ! increase ( paup]ism1 & ! worse ?an ineffici5cy ( h] poor-rates & secul> measures ( paup]-relief1 ,engl& n[ feels t %e has committ$ some?+ ne> ak9 to suicide 9 ! de/ruction ( h] religi\s ord]s4 ,no long] m]ry & wise1 h] political economi/s are splitt+ hairs to f9d j :at pittance may suffice to keep ! poor f dy+ ( hung] )\t mak+ !m m com=table ?an o!rs ^: pride refuses alms1 s z n to set a premium on idl5ess4 ,! notion popul>iz$ by ,cobbett1 says ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 argu+ ! "q1 t e "o has a "r to a ma9t5ance out ( ! soil1 leaves ^? :o adopt x 9 an awkw>d pr$icam5t4 ,d b ask !m to specify1 & !y are set fa/4 ,ass5t to _! pr9ciple2 tell !m y w assume _! title to be valid2 & !n1 z a ne$ful prelim9>y to ! liquidation ( _! claim1 ask = "s precise def9ition ( x2 inquire :at is a ma9t5ance4 ,!y are dumb6 ,is x1 say y1 potatoes & salt1 ) rags & a mud cab98 or is x bread & bacon1 9 a two-room$ cottage8 ,w a jo9t on ,sundays suffice8 or does ! dem& include meat & malt-liquor daily8 #gjf ,w tea1 c(fee1 & tobacco be expect$8 & if s1 h[ _m ounces ( ea*8 ,are b>e walls & brick floors all t is ne$$8 or mu/ !re be c>pets & pap]-hang+8 ,are %oes consid]$ ess5tial8 or w ! ,scot* practice be approv$8 ,%all ! clo?+ be ( fu/ian8 ,if n1 ( :at quality mu/ ! broadclo? be8 ,9 %ort1 j po9t out :]e1 betwe5 ! two extremes ( />vation & luxury1 ?is some?+ call$ a ma9t5ance lies4 ,h[ else %all we "k :e!r en\gh has be5 aw>d$1 or :e!r too mu*8 ,"o ?9ks t a b>e subsi/5ce is all t c fairly be dem&$4 ,ano!r h9ts at some?+ beyond4 ,a ?ird ma9ta9s t a few ( ! enjoym5ts ( life %\ld be provid$ =4 ,& "s ( ! m consi/5t1 pu%+ ! doctr9e to its legitimate result1 w re/ satisfi$ ) no?+ %ort ( community ( prop]ty4 ,:at ?is argum5t r5d]s mo/ app>5t is1 ! necessity = an umpire1 or m$iatorial p[]1 betwe5 collective society & ! individual or family requir+ aid1 a p[] sympa!tic alike ) ^? :o h m1 & ) ^? :o h less1 ?an necessity dem&s1 & ^: social position %all d]ive1 f a s\rce sup]ior to ei!r1 a pre/ige :i* w inspire confid5ce 9 its discretion & give a c]ta9 au?ority to its decisions4 ,if p]sonal b5efic5ce or corporate gu>antees suffice = ! relief ( suff]]s1 or to obta9 = ^? able & will+ ! opportunity ( suitable employm5t1 ! m$iatorial p[] w n int]f]e4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 appeal be made to x1 x may act ei!r by ! ex]cise ( its own faculties1 or z ! tru/ee ( social goods2 a mutual intellig5ce bureau ( high] grade ?an our ord9>y bus9ess (fices4 ,su* a function ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* & its ord]s ( *>ity fulfill$ 9 ,engl&1 & may yet fulfil 9 ,am]ica4 ,mr4 ,john ,/u>t ,mill well obs]ves1 t ! /ate _c und]take to discrim9ate betwe5 ! des]v+ & ! undes]v+ indig5t4 ,x owes no m ?an subsi/5ce to ! fir/1 & c give no less to ! la/4 ,s9ce x mu/ provide subsi/5ce = ! crim9al poor :ile und]go+ puni%m5t1 n to d ! same = ! poor--:o h n (f5d$ is to give a premium to crime4 ,gu>dians & ov]se]s are n fit to be tru/$ to give or )hold o!r p's money accord+ to _! v]dict on ! morality ( ! p]son solicit+ x1 & x w\ld %[ mu* ignorance ( ! ways ( mank9d to suppose t su* p]sons1 ev5 9 ! almo/ impossible case ( _! be+ qualifi$1 w take ! tr\ble ( asc]ta9+ & sift+ ! pa/ conduct ( a p]son 9 di/ress1 s z to =m a rational judgm5t on x4 ,private *>ity c make ^! di/9ctions1 &1 9 be/[+ its own money1 is entitl$ to d s accord+ to its own judgm5t4 ,x is admitt$ to be "r t human be+s %\ld help "o ano!r2 & ! m s 9 proportion to ! urg5cy ( ! ne$4 ,9 all cases ( help+1 we di/+ui% ! consequ5ces ( ! assi/ance itself1 & ! consequ5ces ( rely+ on ! assi/ance4 ,! =m] are g5]ally b5eficial1 b ! latt] = ! mo/ "p injuri\s2 s mu* s1 9 _m cases1 z greatly to outweigh ! value ( ! b5efit4 ,!re are few ?+s m mis*iev\s ?an t p %\ld rely on ! habitual aid ( o!rs = ! means ( subsi/5ce1 & unhappily !re is no lesson :i* !y m easily le>n4 ,! problem to be solv$ is1 h[ to give ! greate/ am\nt ( ne$ful help ) ! smalle/ enc\ragem5t to undue reliance on x4 #gjg ,en]gy & self-dep5d5ce are1 h[ev]1 liable to be impair$ by ! abs5ce ( help z well z by its excess4 ,x is ev5 m fatal to ex]tion to h no hope ( succe$+ by x ?an to be assur$ ( succe$+ )\t x4 ,:5 ! condition ( any "o is s disa/r\s t 8 en]gies are p>alyz$ by disc\ragem5t1 assi/ance is a tonic1 n a s$ative4 ,x braces in/ead ( dead5+ ! active faculties1 always provid$ t ! assi/ance is n su* z to disp5se ) self-help by sub/itut+ itself = ! p]son's own labor1 skill1 & prud5ce1 b is limit$ to af=d+ him a bett] hope ( atta9+ success by ^? legitimate means4 ,?is accord+ly is a te/ to :i* all plans ( philan?ropy %\ld be br\ght1 :e!r int5d$ = ! b5efit ( individuals or ( classes1 & :e!r conduct$ on ! volunt>y or ! gov]nm5t pr9ciple4 ,ov]look+ ! spiritual =ces :i* religi\s *>ity br+s to be> 9 elevat+ ! moral tone ( "*1 ,mr4 ,mill f9ds ! =ego+ pr9ciples well appli$ by ! ,engli% ,poor-,law ( #ahcd1 because1 :ile x prev5ts any p]son1 except by 8 own *oice1 f dy+ ( hung]1 x leaves _! condition z mu* z possible bel[ t ( ! poore/ :o f9d support = !mselves4 ,mr4 ,mill's logic "h seems to arrive at ! r$uctio ad absurdum2 = ! /ate ( ^! poore/ ( ! work+ poor1 :om pride =bids to claim paup] relief1 is too di/ress+ = *>ity1 act+ only bel[ t level1 to be ( any avail4 ,usually incl9$ to ! mo/ lib]al & humane views1 ,mr4 ,mill has "h giv5 way to a ,prote/ant prejudice1 :i* reg>ds z ill-advis$ ! m :ole-s\l$ ,ca?olic /yle ( *>ity4 ,! foll[+ extract f ,de ,v]e's "w %[s ! contra/1 & af=ds a good answ] to ?is ov]cauti\sness ab\t do+ too mu*4 ,all dep5ds ^u ! _s 9 :i* *>ity is be/[$2 x %\ld be cordial1 n humiliat+ & di/ress+3 ,mo/ ( ! ,si/]s are f ! class ( s]vants & ne$le-wom52 b !re are _m :o1 hav+ be5 br\ght up to enjoy all ! com=ts & ev5 elegances ( life1 h will+ly r5\nc$ all to make !mselves ! humble/ s]vants ( ! poor1 to wa%1 & cook1 & beg = ^? :o h be5 begg>s all _! lives4 ,! secret ( all ?is lies 9 ?is1 t ! ,si/]s see1 9 _! poor1 ,jesus ,*ri/ himself1 to wait on :om mu/ be _! highe/ glory4 ,f ?is1 !n1 spr+s ! mo/ delightful int]*ange ( feel+ betwe5 ! ,si/]s & _! p5sion]s2 = ^! poor p rev]5ce ) ! livelie/ gratitude ^? :o seem to !m z ! angels ( ,god s5t to r$eem !m f all _! mis]y & wret*$ness1 to com=t _! bodies1 & enlight5 _! s\ls4 ,! *ange wr\ght 9 ! old p aft] !y h be5 ) ! ,si/]s a little :ile1 is said to be mo/ rem>kable4 ,f be+ fracti\s1 compla9+1 & idle1 !y gr[ *e]ful & cont5t$ 9 ! highe/ degree1 & e "o is anxi\s to d some?+ to contribute to ! common /ock4 ',our h\ses1 our ,si/]s1' !y say--a type ( ! p]fect union :i* reigns among/ !m4 ,ev]y?+ is done by ! ,si/]s to cultivate a _s ( *e]fulness2 !y are treat$ z *ildr51 & e opportunity is embrac$ ( mak+ !m a little fe/ival4 ,! beautiful simplicity ( *ildhood seems to return 9 all its fulness to ^! poor creatures1 ^: lives h be5 sp5t 9 vice & mis]y4 ,f a /ate approa*+ to brutality1 !y revive ev5 to gayety4 ,well may !y say z !y d1 ',we nev] 7 happy until we came "h4' ,on great occasions !y s+ & dance1 & ! ,si/]s jo9 ) !m4 ,:5 ! anniv]s>y ( ! h\se ( ,r\5 0 lately celebrat$1 ! old woman :o _h be5 ! fir/ p5sion] 0 cr[n$ z ! que5 ( ! day1 & h] l[ly seat deck$ ) fl[]s1 :il/ h] ag$ companions *e]$ h] ) ! he>tie/ good w4 #gjh ,! t5d] reg>d ) :i* ! ,si/]s *]i% ! poor on :om !y wait1 calls =? ! be/ feel+s ( _! he>ts1 s long dead to e human *>ity4 ,!y respond by ! mo/ refre%+ cordiality2 b truly he>ts c\ld n resi/ ! w9n+ k9dness ) :i* !y are inv>iably treat$4 ,"o little incid5t may illu/rate h[ above all selfi% consid]ations ! law ( k9dness prevails3 ,"o old woman 0 anxi\s to be receiv$ among ! ',little ,si/]s' some:]e 9 ,france4 ,h] case well des]v$ ! privilege1 b ! old woman insi/$ on br++ also into ! h\se h] h5 & h] sp>r[4 ,)\t ^! companions1 %e w\ld n ent]2 %e w\ld r =ego ! advantage (f]$ to h]4 ,! old woman1 h] h51 & h] sp>r[ 7 all admitt$ toge!r1 any?+ r ?an lose an opportunity ( do+ good4 ,selfi%ness _c long exi/ :]e su* examples ( self-d5ial are ev] pres5t 9 ^! ,si/]s4 ,!y take ! wor/ ( ev]y?+ = !mselves4 ,ev5 9 ! longe/ e/abli%$ h\ses !re are no *airs except = ! old p2 ! ,si/]s 'sit ^u _! heels4' ,a ,jesuit fa!r1 on "o day visit+ "o ( ! h\ses1 f\nd ! ,si/]s j sitt+ d[n to d9n]4 ,!y _h no?+ to dr9k out ( b odd & brok5 vessels1 mu/>d-pots1 jam-pots1 etc42 all 9 su* a dilapidat$ condition t ! good fa!r ha/5$ (f ! v fir/ p5it5t1 :o came to him = confession1 ) an injunction to buy a doz5 ( glasses & s5d !m to ! h\se ( 8 ',petites ,sceurs4' ,su* is _! volunt>y pov]ty6 ,e "t a h\se is op5$1 s soon z a suffici5t numb] ( poor are collect$1 a retreat is prea*$4 ,! fruits ( ^! retreats1 9 ^? :o h be5 s long abs5t f ! sacram5ts1 is wond]ful4 ,?us ! h\se is furni%$ ) ^? :o s]ve to set a good example to all ^? :o are aft]w>d admitt$4 ,no?+ c exce$ ! gratitude ( ^! poor creatures :5 reconcil$ ) ,god4 ,!y embrace ! ,si/]s ) te>s4 ',x is sev5ty-five ye>s s9ce ,i drew ne> to ,god1' said "o2 '& n[ ,i am go+ to receive him to-morr[4' ,a poor b>b] :o _h lo/ ! use ( 8 h&s ?r\gh rheumatism1 &1 be+ unable to ex]cise 8 pr(ession1 _h fall5 into su* a /ate ( de/itution t he 0 ?ankful to accept an asylum 9 "o ( ! h\ses ( ! ',little ,si/]s1' 0 obs]v$1 aft] 8 confession1 to be look+ at 8 h&s4 ',:at are y do+8' 0 ask$ ( him4 ',i am look+ at ! f+] ( ,god1' he repli$4 ,?is _s ( resignation & gratitude is ne>ly univ]sal1 & ! ,si/]s are n )\t _! consolation ev5 9 ?is _w4 ,to ! special m9i/ry ( ! ,si/]hoods ( ,*>ity h be5 assign$ ! sick1 infirm1 & ag$ poor1 :om all reg>d z prop] objects ( relief & pi\s c>e4 ,we h %[n1 9 our ,octob] numb]1 h[ well !y satisfi$ alike ! ,*ri/ian & ! economic ne$4 ,mrs4 ,jameson1 9 ! "w !re ref]r$ to1 ,footnote #bgc has /rongly contra/$ ! conditions ( ! ,engli% workh\se sy/em 7:i* is ! same z ours7 ) ! religi\s managem5t n only ( ! sick-poor1 b also ( ! crim9al & mo/ degrad$ classes4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! ,au/rian prison at ,neudorf4 ,?is prison is an exp]im5t :i* z yet _h only _h a ?ree ye>s' trial :5 ,mrs4 ,jameson visit$ x1 b _h already succe$$ s well1 bo? morally & economically1 t ! ,au/rian gov]nm5t 0 prep>+ to organize elev5 o!rs on ! same plan4 ,x began by ! ef=ts ( two humane ladies to f9d a refuge = ^? wret*$ creatures ( _! own sex :o1 aft] und]go+ _! t]m ( puni%m5t1 7 ca/ out ( ! prisons4 ,!y obta9$ ! aid ( two ,si/]s ( a religi\s ord] 9 ,france1 devot$ to ! re=mation ( lo/ & deprav$ wom54 ,gov]nm5t soon enl>g$ _! sph]e ( action1 & confid$ to !m ! adm9i/ration ( a prison1 p5it5ti>y1 & hospital1 ) sev]al build+s & a l>ge g>d54 ,footnote #bgc3 ,si/]s ( ,*>ity1 ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant4 ,9 its managem5t1 ,i f\nd m ?an two hundr$ crim9als1 sep>at$ into ?ree classes4 ,! fir/ class consi/$ ( desp]ate *>act]s1 ! refuse ( ! prisons at ,vi5na1 :o are br\ght "u a /rong arm$ gu>d1 b\nd h& & foot4 ,_! appe>ance 0 ei!r /upid1 gross1 & vacant or frightful f ! pr$om9ance ( evil prop5sities4 ,! second class1 draft$ f ! fir/1 7 call$ ! p5it5ts1 & %[$1 9 ! expression ( _! c\nt5ances1 an extraord9>y *ange f ! newly arriv$4 ,!y 7 all[$ to assi/ 9 ! h\se1 to cook & to wa%1 & to "w 9 ! g>d51 :i* la/ 0 a great boon4 ,!re 7 m ?an fifty ( ^!1 & !y 71 at lea/1 humaniz$4 ,! ?ird class 7 ! volunt>ies :o1 :5 _! t]m _h expir$1 pref]r$ rema9+ 9 ! h\se & 7 all[$ to d s4 ,"p ( ! pr(it ( _! "w 0 reta9$ = _! b5efit4 #gji ,twelve wom51 aid$ by ?ree *apla9s1 a surgeon1 & a physician1 none ( :om resid$ 9 ! e/abli%m5t1 manag$ ! :ole4 ,!y _h dismiss$ ! soldi]s & police-(fic]s1 f9d+ t !y ne$$ no o!r means ( con/ra9t ?an _! dignity1 good s5se1 pati5ce1 & t5d]ness4 ,!re 0 z mu* ( frightful physical disease z !re 0 ( moral disease1 crime1 & mis]y4 ,two ,si/]s act$ z *ief nurses & apo!c>ies4 ,! v5tilation & cleanl9ess 7 p]fect4 ,:5 ,i express$ my a/oni%m5t t s small a numb] ( wom5 c\ld manage su* a set ( wild & wick$ creatures1 ! answ] 01 ',if we want assi/ance1 we %all h x2 b x is z easy ) our sy/em to manage ?ree hundr$ z "o hundr$ or z fifty4 ,! p[] is n 9 ourselves1 x is grant$ f above4' ,"h m5 & wom5 7 act+ toge!r2 & 9 all ! regulations1 religi\s & sanit>y1 !re 0 mutual aid1 mutual respect1 & int]*ange ( exp]i5ce2 b ! ,si/]s 7 subord9ate only to ! *ief civil & ecclesia/ical au?orities2 ! int]nal adm9i/ration re/$ ) !m4 ,! ,little ,si/]s ( ! ,poor h inspir$ ! foll[+ rem>ks1 :i* apply to _m o!r ord]s actively engag$ 9 works ( *>ity3 ,_! records demon/rate t religi\s in/itutions d1 effectually & *eaply1 :at ! clumsy & lifeless ma*9]y ( ! /ate does at an enorm\s co/ & p]il1 ) a v que/ionable prepond]ance ( ga9 ov] loss4 ,*>ity is a religi\s "w1 & ^! ord]s are specially qualifi$1 z religi\s1 to lead ! *>ity ( ! c\ntry2 !y h a special vocation & a sup]natural aim2 !y unite ! /ronge/ motives = individual ex]tion ) ! highe/ developm5t ( ! co-op]ative sy/em2 !y are free f ! imp$im5ts ( o!r p>ties2 :at !y give e/abli%es no legal or political "r1 yet x recognizes a moral claim & provides = a human want4 ,9 address+ ! /atesm5 ( ?is c\ntry1 we c prove t "o ?\s& doll>s a ye>1 ?us wisely sp5t 9 well-organiz$ *>ity1 goes twice z f> z two ?\s& doll>s a ye> sp5t ) a blund]+ alt]nation ( prodigality & cruelty1 su* z *>act]izes ! managem5t ( our secul> *>ities4 ,organic bodies conta9 )9 !mselves a pr9ciple ( endless adaptation4 ,! *ur*1 h]self an organic body1 is ! fruitful "m ( all su* organizations z ! moral ne$s ( man require2 nor is !re any reason to d\bt t %e c help ! mod]n paup] z readily z ! captives1 ! lep]s1 & ! labor]s 9 m9es = :om h] m$iaeval ord]s work$4 ,! rec5t in/itution ( ! ',little ,si/]s ( ! ,poor' d]ives a peculi> int]e/ f ! mode 9 :i* x approa*es t special trial ( mod]n society1 paup]ism1 & x may1 ) ! div9e bless+1 advance f its pres5t humble beg9n+ to ent]prises :i*1 alike on ! gr\nd ( !ology & ( s\nd political economy1 are beyond ! ef=ts ( ! mo/ b5efic5t gov]nm5ts n[ exi/+4 ,! gospels abundantly atte/ ! lov+ & t5d] behavior ( ,*ri/ t[>d ! poor & ! afflict$ ( e class4 ,x is important to note h[ lively & loyal is ! tradition ( ?is conduct 9 ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 f its e>lie/ p]iods to our own day4 ,x 0 a favorite turn 9 ! m$iaeval leg5ds ( *>ity t our ,"l %\ld reveal himself1 ev5 9 ! body1 to ^? :o _h1 = 8 love1 consol$ "s poor object ( compassion4 ,x is writt5 ( ,/4 ,elizabe?1 ,que5 ( ,hung>y1 t %e kept always ne> h]1 & h]self s]v$1 ?irte5 sick poor1 9 memory ( ,*ri/ & ! twelve apo/les4 ,among ! sick 0 a poor little lep] nam$ ,helias1 ^: condition 0 s deplorable t no "o w\ld take *>ge ( him4 ,elizabe?1 see+ him ?us ab&on$ by all1 felt h]self b\nd to d m = him ?an = any o!r2 %e took & ba!d him h]self1 ano9t$ him ) a heal+ balm1 & !n laid him 9 ! b$1 ev5 t :i* %e %>$ ) h] royal husb&4 ,n[ x happ5$ t ! duke return$ to ! ca/le :il/ ,elizabe? 0 ?us occupi$4 ,8 "m ran out imm$iately to meet him1 & :5 he alight$ %e said1 ',come ) me1 de> son1 & ,i w %[ !e a pretty do+ ( ?y ,elizabe?4' ',:at does ?is mean8' said ! duke4 ',only come1' said %e1 '& ?\ wilt see "o %e loves mu* bett] ?an !e4' ,!n1 tak+ him by ! h&1 %e l$ him to 8 *amb] & to 8 b$1 & said to him1 ,n[ look1 de> son1 ?y wife puts lep]s 9 ?y b$ )\t my be+ able to prev5t h]4 #gaj ,%e wi%es to give !e leprosy1 ?\ see/ x ?yself4' ,on he>+ ^! words1 ! duke c\ld n repress a c]ta9 degree ( irritation1 & he quickly rais$ ! cov]+ ( 8 b$2 b1 at ! same mom5t1 ! ,mo/ ,high unseal$ ! eyes ( 8 s\l1 &1 9 place ( ! lep]1 he saw ! figure ( ,jesus ,*ri/ crucifi$ ext5d$ on 8 b$4 ,at ?is sight he rema9$ motionless1 z did 8 "m1 & began to %$ abundant te>s )\t be+ able at fir/ to utt] a ^w4 ,!n1 turn+ r\nd1 he saw 8 wife1 :o _h g5tly foll[$ 9 ord] to calm 8 wra? aga9/ ! lep]4 ',elizabe?1' said he1 'my de>1 good si/]1 ,i pray !e (t5 to give my b$ to su* gue/s4 ,i %all always ?ank !e = ?is1 & be ?\ n h9d]$ by any "o 9 ! ex]cise ( ?y virtue4' ,!n he knelt & pray$ ?us to ,god1 ',"l1 h m]cy ^u me a poor s9n]4 ,i am n wor?y to see all ^! wond]s4' ,footnote #bgd ,footnote #bgd3 ,montalemb]t1 ,life ( ,/4 ,elizabe?4 ,= ! _m illu/rations ( ! wond]ful diffusion ( b5evol5ce 9 ! e>ly ages ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 9 contra/ ) ! trucul5t _s ( ! contemporane\s paganism1 see ,rev4 ,dr4 ,manahan's ,triumph ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 etc4 ,we recall "h ! m5tion ( ,john1 ,patri>* ( ,alex&ria1 :o ask$ ( 8 cl]gy a regi/] ( all ! poor & de/itute 9 t city4 ,g1 said he1 & get me a full li/ ( my ma/]s4 ,f ! ,!odosian code1 x appe>s t ! *ur* own$ l>ge vessels1 employ$ ei!r 9 br++ to "s dioceses provisions = _! own flocks1 or 9 s5d+ help to ! mo/ afflict$ communities1 f ,egypt ev5 unto ,gaul4 ,! ,c5obites1 or ,monks ( ! ,des]t1 says ,/4 ,augu/9e1 us$ to freight ^! %ips ( *>ity ) gra91 obta9$ by !m 9 ex*ange = ! mats & baskets :i* !y manufactur$4 ,! va/ hospital1 f\nd$ by ,/4 ,basil1 ( ,cappadocia1 ne> ,caes>ea1 is call$ by ,/4 ,gregory a new city built = ! sick & poor4 ,hospitals 7 s great an innovation on ! cu/oms ( ! anci5t classic _w1 t ! ,emp]or ,julian1 surnam$ ,! ,apo/ate1 tri$ 9 va9 to introduce !m4 ,repell+ ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e1 he 0 s5sible ( ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ian *>ity1 & w\ld fa9 h engraft$ on ! pagan /ock ?is fruit ( ano!r disp5sation4 ,:y are ! poor & afflict$ especially giv5 9 *>ge to ! *ur*1 & :y does ! ,*ri/ian see !m ) q o!r eyes ?an ^? ( m]e b5evol5ce8 ,:y is ,*ri/ id5tifi$1 9 8 bir? & companion%ip1 ) ! poor8 ,:y are ! mo/ suff]+ classes ! fir/ objects ( 8 c>e & m$iation8 ,if x is writt5 t ,he :o %all give to "o ( my disciples only s mu* z a cup ( cold wat] 9 my "n1 %all n lose 8 rew>d1 x is also writt5 t ! hungry1 ! ?ir/y1 ! /rang]1 ! nak$1 ! sick1 ! prison]1 are all our bre?r5 9 ,*ri/4 ,x is by virtue ( t susceptibility1 :i* ! ex]cise ( *>ity develops 9 u1 t we become consci\sly memb]s "o ( ano!r 9 ! body ( ,*ri/4 ,jesus ,*ri/ came to awak5 9 humanity a consci5ce includ+ our neighbor1 a cons]vative in/9ct embrac+ ! relations ( ! individual ) ! species1 unlimit$ by family1 clan1 or nation2 & :i* transc5ds ! analysis ( a ,mal?us1 a ,locke1 or a ,la ,ro*ef\cauld4 ,footnote #bge ,footnote #bge3 ,t ,si/] ( ! ,poor1 :om y pass 9 ! /reet ) h] basket1 & p]haps look d[n ^u z on a creature ( inf]ior grade1 is liv+ clos] to ! he>t ( univ]sal love1 is deep] 9 cele/ial wisdom ?an ! pr\d philosoph]2 leads a life m h]oic 9 its abnegation & humility ?an ! g5]al ) 8 bloody laurels4 ,?is is s1 because ! div9e influx ( life m\lds ! w & ! affections1 & moves ! b[els ( compassion long be=e ! bra9 matures its s*emes ( action4 #gaa ,! suff]+ p]sons or classes are ! atoms1 ! organs1 or ! local po9ts :]e ! life ( humanity is ?reat5$ or compromis$2 ?i!r1 ) unwont$ en]gy1 mu/ its vital res\rces be direct$2 & h[ direct$8 ,"h we f9d ! contra/ betwe5 ! _s ( ,*ri/ & t ( pagan or s*ismatic c\ntries4 ,ignor+ ! true unity ( man1 paganism m]ely suppress$ ! effects ( mis]y by suppress+ ! p]son ( ! mis]able4 ,x did n consid] t ! _s ( cruelty1 develop$ or enc\rag$ 9 ?is elim9ation1 is itself a liv+ cause & propagator ( human mis]y4 ,religi\s sympa?y alone c\ld quick5 ! intellig5ce to ?is p]ception1 & f9d some?+ preci\s 9 ! life ( ! wret* rescu$ f 8 wret*$ness2 f9d b5ea? ! rags1 ! dirt1 & ! *a9s1 b5ea? ignorance1 ! vices1 & diseases1 t a man's a man = a' t4 ,aga91 ,*ri/ianity disc]n$ preci\s discipl9e ( virtue 9 ! ex]cise ( *>ity1 & practis$ x no less = ! sake ( ! giv] ?an t ( ! receiv]4 ,?is is a practical comm5t>y on ! axiom ( human unity or solid>ity1 anticipat+ ! full] light :i* may be expect$ f a k ( our ult]ior de/9ies4 ,:]ev] ! *ur* has nobly fill$ h] "p z ! social consci5ce ( ,*ri/5dom1 7a function = :i* ! confessional s well adapts h]17 %e has be5 ! intellig5t m$iator betwe5 ^? :o ne$ to give or to s]ve1 & ^? :o are really 9 ne$2 %e has ma9ta9$ a social equilibrium :ile av]t+ ! jeal\sies & hatr$s ( classes1 & by h] enlight5$ & judici\s di/ribution has prev5t$ *>ity f m9i/]+ to vices & impo/ure4 ,! poor ye %all h always ) y4 ,! wor/ prejudices only w int]pret ?is say+ ( our ,"l s z to disc\rage our ef=ts to elim9ate1 f ! condition ( ! poor1 its actual vices1 disgraces1 & mis]ies4 ,?is once effect$ by means1 ! success ( :i* exp]i5ce has v]ifi$1 !re rema9s an honorable pov]ty due to ! dis9t]e/$ devotions ( sci5ce1 art1 & social affections1 9 :i* ! love ( our neighbor1 "u div]s =ms1 absorbs cupidity & ! c>es ( self-pres]vation4 ,! *ur* has always enc\rag$ v[s ( volunt>y pov]ty1 & direct$ ! zeal :i* animat$ !m to ,*ri/ian uses4 ,%e has p]mitt$ ! ri* to expiate _! crimes by %>+ _! =tunes ) ! poor1 ev5 by solicit+ alms = !m2 & we are told t ,roman nobles h be5 se51 dur+ ?is v ye>1 ?us begg+ 9 ! /reets ( ,rome4 ,to a noble pov]ty belong ! fir/ ye>s1 & (t5 ! :ole life1 ( ! inv5tor1 ( ! true arti/1 ( all ^: orig9ality ( conception or fidelity to ! ideal transc5ds prud5tial economy4 ,we may glance b 9 pass+ at t ,bohemia1 :]e float+ wrecks m+le 9 disord] ) g]m9al =ces ( ! social future4 ,9 proportion z ! con/itution ( societies %all be p]fect$ 9 k9d & useful labors1 ^? 9 ^: *>act]s fri5d%ip pr$om9ates1 :e!r atta*$ to holy ord]s l ! ,trappi/s & ,si/]s ( ,*>ity1 or simply memb]s ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 w cont5t !mselves ) ! common m9imum1 & "w 9 _! elect$ sph]es )\t c>e = any o!r mat]ial comp5sation4 ,to su* has ,*ri/ said3 ,take no c>e :at ye %all eat1 or :at ye %all dr9k1 or :]e)al ye %all be clo!d1 etc4 ,consid] ! lilies1 etc4 ,we %all n conf\nd ^! noble poor ) paup]s1 a t]m :i* compreh5ds indiff]5tly ! victims ( mis=tune1 ( vice1 & ( disease2 defici5t 9 faculties ei!r corporeal or m5tal1 or 9 consi/5cy ( purpose1 pr9ciple1 & w4 #gab ,paup]ism is n to be reg>d$ z a /ate ( suff]+ to :i* ! ,*ri/ian %\ld be resign$2 f> f be+ an expiation ( s91 x is n only humiliation1 b degradation & p]v]sion1 & owes its p>asite exi/5ce to ! abs5ce or decl9e ( ,*ri/ian life4 ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur* comm5c$ an ext]m9at+ w> on paup]ism 9 ^? frat]nal associations :i* sprang f ! brea? ( ! ,savi\r1 & :i* its religi\s ord]s h nev] int]mitt$4 ,disb&$ by ! p]secutions ( ! ,roman empire1 !y ralli$ to works ( *>ity2 &1 gradually obta9+ spiritual asc5d5cy ov] ,europe1 organiz$ agriculture & ! arts ( peace4 ,9 ! six? c5tury1 ! ,b5$ict9es & ,columbans reclaim$ ! soils ( ,europe f _! wild]ness1 & _! peoples f ! wor/ ( b>b>ism4 ,! mona/]ies & conv5ts1 consid]$ f ! po9t ( view ( political & social economy1 7 agricultural1 sci5tific1 & dome/ic associations1 ) fields1 g>d5s1 & or*>ds1 libr>ies1 laboratories1 & work%ops1 provid$ ) all ! means & facilities kn[n 9 _! age & c\ntry = ! subjection ( nature's res\rces to ! progressive evolution ( humanity4 ,fus+ ! nobles & ! p1 absorb+1 9 ! s5tim5t ( our common fa!rhood 9 ,god & bro!rhood 9 ,*ri/1 ! invidi\s di/9ctions ( ca/e1 reconcil+ aga9 9 _! adm9i/ration ! behe/s ( spiritual culture ) ! exig5cies ( mat]ial exi/5ce & ref9em5t ( ta/e 9 lett]s & ! arts1 ! mona/ic ord]s 7 = ,*ri/5dom a mo/ b5ign provid5ce4 ,_! *>ities nev] h be5 limit$ to ! necessities ( m]e subsi/5ce1 l ! secul> dol+s out ( s-call$ mod]n *>ity4 ,he>ts mu/ respond to ! ne$s ( he>ts1 & bra9s to ^? ( bra9s2 9 o!r words1 ! organization ( ,*ri/ian *>ity ess5tially embraces social life & education1 intellectual & moral culture1 z well z ! conditions ( labor1 ( remun]ation1 ( lodg+1 ( clo?+1 & n\ri%m5t1 compris$ 9 ! gu>antee ( access to ! soil4 ,by sep>at+ ! mat]ial f ! spiritual elem5ts ( *>ity1 ,*ri/5dom retrogrades into paganism2 less brutal1 less f]oci\s1 ! economic 787 workh\se sy/em is cold] & /ill m inhuman ?an ^? me?ods ( summ>y de/ruction by :i* ,greece remov$ h] sup]num]>y helots1 or ,rome h] infirm poor4 ,x is n )\t a m+l$ %ame & fe>1 says ,mrs4 ,jameson1 ( ! ,engli% workh\se1 t ,i approa* ?is subject4 ,:atev] _! arrangem5t & condition1 9 "o ?+ ,i f\nd all alike--! want ( a prop] moral sup]vision4 ,! mo/ vulg> ( human be+s are set to rule ov] ! mo/ vulg>2 ! paup] is set to manage ! paup]2 ! ignorant gov]n ! ignorant2 e s(t5+ or elevat+ influ5ce is abs5t or ( r>e occurr5ce1 & e h>d5+ & deprav+ influ5ce cont9u\s or ev] at h&4 ,nev] did ,i visit any dungeon1 any abode ( crime or mis]y1 9 any c\ntry1 :i* left me ! same cru%+ s5se ( sorr[1 indignation1 & compassion--almo/ despair--z "s ( our ,engli% workh\ses4 ,nev] did ,i see m cle>ly :at mu/ be ! inevitable consequ5ces :]e ! fem99e & religi\s influ5ces are ignor$2 :]e :at we call *>ity is work$ by a /]n1 h>d ma*9]y2 :]e :at we mean = good is n be/[$ b inflict$ on o!rs 9 a _s n pitiful1 nor m]ciful1 b reluctant & adv]se1 if n cruel4 ,p]haps ^? :o he> me may n all be aw>e ( ! orig9 ( our p>i% workh\ses4 ,!y 7 n design$ z p5it5ti>ies1 al?\gh !y h really become su*4 ,!y 7 int5d$ to be religi\s & *>itable in/itutions1 to supply ! place ( ^? conv5tual hospitals & *>ities :i*1 ) _! rev5ues1 7 suppress$ by ,h5ry ,,viii4 #gac ,! epi!t '*>itable' c\ld nev] be appli$ to any p>i% workh\se ,i h se54 ,our ma*9e-*>ity is z mu* *>ity1 9 ! ,*ri/ian s5se1 z ! pray+-ma*9es ( ! ,t>t>s are piety4 ,^! in/itutions are support$ by a v>iable tax1 paid s reluctantly1 ) s little sympa?y 9 its purpose1 t ! wret*$ paup]s seem to be reg>d$ z a sort ( p>i% locu/s1 s5t to dev\r ! sub/ance ( ! rate-pay]s2 z ! natural enemies ( ^? :o are tax$ = _! subsi/5ce1 almo/ z crim9als2 & ,i h no hesitation 9 say+ t ! convicts 9 "s ( our jails h m *>itable & m respectful treatm5t ?an ! poor 9 our workh\ses4 ,h5ce1 a notion prevails among ! work+-classes t x is bett] to be a crim9al ?an a paup]--bett] to g to a jail ?an to a workh\se4 ,betwe5 ! poor & _! s-call$ gu>dians1 ! bond is any?+ b *>ity4 ,a g5tleman :o _h s]v$ ! (fice said to me3 ',i am really unfit to be a poor-law gu>dian2 ,i h "s ve/ige ( humanity left 9 me6' ,"u ^! gu>dians1 & 9 imm$iate contact ) ! poor1 are a ma/] & a matron1 :o keep ! acc\nts1 di/ribute food & clo?+1 & keep ord]4 ,among !m "s are respect$ & lov$1 o!rs hat$ or fe>$2 "s are k9dly & intellig5t1 o!rs ( ! l[e/ grade4 ,9 "o workh\se ! ma/] _h be5 a policeman1 9 ano!r ! keep] ( a small public-h\se1 9 ano!r he _h s]v$ 9 ! same workh\se z port]4 ,! subord9ates are n ( a high] grade1 except occasionally ! s*ool-ma/] & s*ool-mi/ress1 :om ,i h sometimes f\nd /ruggl+ to p]=m _! duties1 sometimes q unfitt$ = !m1 & sometimes resign$ to r\t9e & despair4 ,9 ! w>ds = ! old & ! sick1 ! int5se vulg>ity1 ! melan*oly dulness1 m+l$ ) a /range lic5se & levity1 are dreadful4 ,i attribute bo? to ! utt] abs5ce ( ! religi\s & fem99e elem5t4 ,b is !re n always a *apla98 ,! *apla9 has seem$ to me 9 su* places r a religi\s accid5t ?an a religi\s elem5t4 ,:5 he visits a w>d to read & pray once a week1 p]haps !re is a decorum 9 8 pres5ce2 ! oa?s1 ! curses1 ! vile language cease2 ! vulg> /rife is sil5c$1 to recomm5ce ! mom5t 8 back is turn$4 ,i rememb] "o in/ance 9 :i* ! *apla9 _h reque/$ t ! poor1 pr(ligate wom5 might be kept out ( 8 way4 ,!y _h1 inde$1 %[n !mselves some:at ob/rep]\s & irrev]5t4 ,i saw ano!r *apla9 ( a great workh\se s %abby t ,i %\ld h mi/ak5 him = "o ( ! paup]s4 ,9 do+ 8 duty1 he w\ld fl+ a surplice ov] 8 dirty1 torn coat1 kneel d[n at ! entrance ( a w>d1 hurry ov] two or ?ree pray]s1 he>d f ! few b$s ne>e/ to him1 & !n (f to ano!r w>d4 ,! sal>y = ?is m9i/] = ! sick & poor 0 tw5ty p\nds a ye>4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! religi\s elem5t2 z if religion 7 n ! necess>y1 insep>able1 ev]-pres5t1 in=m+ _s ( a ,*ri/ian *>itable in/itution1 b r some?+ extrane\s & accid5tal1 to be tak5 9 set doses at set times4 ,?is is :at our workh\ses provide to awak5 ! fai?1 r\se ! consci5ce1 heal ! brok5 _s1 & light up ! /upefi$ faculties ( a ?\s& unhappy1 ignorant1 debas$ human be+s congregat$ toge!r4 ,!n z to ! fem99e elem5t 9 a great & well-ord]$ workh\se1 "u consci5ti\s managem5t1 7to take a favorable specim517 ,i visit$ sixte5 w>ds1 9 ea* w>d f fifte5 to tw5ty-five sick1 ag$1 b$ridd51 or helpless poor4 ,9 ea* w>d all ! assi/ance giv5 & all ! sup]vision 7 9 ! h&s ( "o nurse & a help]1 bo? *os5 f among ! paup] wom5 suppos$ to be ! lea/ immoral & drunk54 ,! ages ( ! nurses might be f sixty-five to eighty ye>s2 ! assi/ants 7 y\ng]4 ,! numb] ( inmates "u m$ical treatm5t 9 ! ye> #ahed 9 ! ,london workh\ses 0 ov] #ej1jjj1 7omitt+ "o1 ! ,m>ylebone47 ,to ^! !re 7 #gj paid nurses & #ejj paup] nurses & assi/ants1 7n m ?an "o fif? ( ! numb] requisite = effective nurs+1 ev5 if !y 7 all able nurses47 ,z ! unpaid paup] nurses h "s additional all[ance ( tea or be]1 x is n unusual = ! m$ical att5dant to s5d su* poor feeble old wom5 z require "s little indulg5ce to be nurses 9 ! sick w>ds4 ,su* is ! /&>d ( qualification1 & z = _! assi/ants1 ,mrs4 ,jameson f\nd "s ( !m ne>ly bl9d & o!rs maim$ ( a limb4 ,%e rememb]s no *e]ful faces2 _! features & deportm5t 7 melan*oly1 or sull51 or bloat$1 or h>%1 & ^! are ! nurses to :om ! sick poor are confid$6 #gad ,9 "o workh\se ! nurses _h a p5ny a week & extra be]2 9 ano!r ! all[ance _h be5 a %ill+ a mon?1 b rec5tly )drawn by ! gu>dians f motives ( economy4 ,! matron told me t :ile ?is all[ance cont9u$1 %e c\ld ex]cise "s control ov] ! nurses1 %e c\ld /op _! all[ance if !y did n behave well2 n[ %e has no hold on !m6 ,!y all dr9k4 ,:5ev] x is _! turn to g out = a few h\rs1 !y come back intoxicat$1 & h to be put to b$ 9 ! w>ds !y are set ov]6 ,mrs4 ,jameson speaks ( brib]y z ! only means by :i* "s ( ! b$ridd5 pati5ts c\ld obta9 help4 ,any little extra all[ance ( tea or sug>1 left by pity+ fri5ds1 w5t 9 ?is way4 ,"o nurse made five %ill+s a week by ?us fleec+ ! poor inmates4 ,^? :o c\ld n pay ?is tax 7 neglect$1 & implor$ 9 va9 to be turn$ 9 _! b$s4 ,! matron kn[s t ^! ?+s exi/1 b has no p[] to prev5t !m2 %e kn[s n :at tyranny may be ex]cis$ 9 h] abs5ce by h] deputies1 = ! wret*$ creatures d>e n compla91 kn[+ h[ x w\ld be visit$ ^u !m4 ,9 "s workh\ses _m :o c "w w n2 9 o!rs ! inmates are conf9$ to su* labor z is degrad+1 su* z is a puni%m5t 9 prisons1 :i* excites no faculty ( att5tion1 or hope1 or sympa?y1 :i* contemplates no improvem5t1 namely1 pick+ oakum1 etc41 & ?is le/ !re %\ld exi/ "s k9d ( competition injuri\s to tradesm54 ,z to ! out-door relief at c]ta9 workh\ses1 ,mrs4 ,jameson says x 0 di/ribut$ to creatures p5n$ up = h\rs 9 f\l air1 :o wait$ sull5ly = ! bread dol$ out ) curses4 ,%e compla9s aga9 "h ( ! sy/em :i* br+s a brutal & vulg> p[] to be> on vulg>ity or brutality1 ! bad & defective organization to be> on "o bad & defective1 s y increase & multiply & excite1 z 9 a hot-b$1 all ! mat]ial ( evil in/ead ( neutraliz+ x ) good1 &1 ?us leav5$1 y turn x out on society to contam9ate all ar\nd4 ,rev4 ,j4 ,s4 ,brew]1 a workh\se *apla91 9 8 lectures to ladies on practical subjects1 writes ( ! ins5sible influ5ce :i* ! m]e pres5ce ( ladies1 _! voice1 _! common words1 _! ord9>y mann]s1 _! ?\ghts1 all t !y c>ry unconsci\sly ab\t !m1 c ex]cise on ! poor2 b ?is applies to real ladies1 cultivat$1 g5tle1 well-born1 well-br$4 ,!re are no p m alive to g5tle blood & g5tle mann]s ?an ! ,engli% poor4 ,he confirms 9 o!r respects ! prec$+ rem>ks ( ,mrs4 ,jameson1 & says ( ! *ildr53 ,! disord]ly girls & boys ( our /reets are ma9ly ! produce ( ! workh\se & ! workh\se s*ools4 ,ov] !m ! society has no hold1 because !y h be5 taught to feel t !y h no?+ 9 common ) _! fell[-m54 ,_! exp]i5ce is n ( a home or p>5ts1 b ( a workh\se & a gov]nor1 ( a prison & ( a jail]4 ,nature exhibits two contra/$ me?ods = controll+ t t5d5cy to increase ( population beyond a due proportion to ! means ( subsi/5ce1 :i* seems to ju/ify 9 ! eyes ( "s political economi/s ! p>tial de/ruction ( ! species by w>4 ,"o ( ^! me?ods is ext]m9ation2 ! o!r1 elevation4 ,mal?us says1 9 sub/ance3 ,i w\ld %>e all my hav+ ) ! poor4 ,i w\ld proclaim ?is ! duty ( ! ri*1 7 x possible1 by ev5 en=c+ & cont9u+ ! mo/ lib]al di/ribution ( goods1 :ile all 7 work+ fai?fully to increase ! yield ( ! e>? z fa/ z ! m\?s t consume x w\ld multiply2 b ext5sive obs]vation & exp]i5ce proves t1 ! easi] life is made = ! poor1 ! fa/] !y increase2 ?is increase is at a ratio s mu* great] ?an ! means ( subsi/5ce are capable ( rea*+1 t we %\ld soon be all paup]s unless we re/ra9 ea* local population )9 ! ratio ( its provisions4 #gae ,mal?us und]/ood t high-ton$ "* & uncommon =ce ( w 7 ess5tial to ! p]fection ( su* re/ra9t4 ,he invokes ! influ5ce ( ! *ur* & ( education to ?is effect4 ,"o /ep fur!r1 h[ev]1 9 ! filiation ( ideas w\ld h l$ him to p]ceive a supreme h>mony 9 ! equilibrium betwe5 population & subsi/5ce1 aris+ out ( ! p]fection ( organic types & individual *>act]s2 s t quality is ! cure ( quantity4 ,if x be true1 z travell]s affirm1 t 9 ,europe ! temp]ate are divid$ f ! intemp]ate populations by a curve :i*1 comm5c+ at ! ea/]n extremity ( ,france1 int]sects ,b]l9 & t]m9ates at ,seva/opol1 be+ ! nor!rn limit ( ! v9e-gr[+ c\ntries2 !n1 a =tiori1 w ! greate/ temp]ance be f\nd among peoples ^: ref9em5t n only rejects di/ill$ liquors b ! co>s] qualities ( w9e1 & w h ei!r ! v be/ or none4 ,?is law is univ]sal4 ,comp>e ! ord] ( mammif]s1 a high type l man or ! elephant1 ) a l[ type l ! rabbit or m\se4 ,species are m prolific ) ea* grade 9 _! desc5t4 ,n[ comp>e ! ord] ( mammif]s ) ! ord] ( fi%es1 pass+ ?r\gh ! birds & reptiles1 embrac+ all v]tebrate animals2 /ill ! l[] are m prolific1 & consequ5tly m subject to de/ruction4 ,n[ comp>e ! v]tebrate type ) ! insect1 pass+ ?r\gh ! articulate4 ,/ill ! same increase ( num]ical ratio d[n ! scale ( life2 & :5 we rea* polyps & plants1 e section1 e bud1 may become a complete organism1 & multiplication takes place by sev]al me?ods at once--se$s1 tub]s1 roots1 suck]s1 buds1 etc4 ,foll[ ?is law 9 ! sci5ce ( bre$+4 ,ev5 among fi%1 ! fat & well-condition$ bre$ b sl[ly1 & ponds ( mis]y are kept = bre$+ c>ps4 ,! hi/ory ( ! turf v]ifies simil> facts 9 ! physiology ( ! horse4 ,we no long] wond] t ! hovels ( ! suff]+ poor %\ld sw>m ) *ildr52 b ! analogies ( ! animal k+dom enc\rage u to believe t social & indu/rial proc$ures1 :i* conv]t ^! *ildr5 into ,*ri/ians & laun* !m 9 ! pa? ( a g5]al prosp]ity1 w itself t5d to r$uce ! ratio ( _! increase by a me?od m exp$i5t ?an ^? ( w>1 pe/il5ce1 or fam9e4 ,9 conclusion3 ,if ! fir/ ( ^! natural me?ods ( *eck+ population be adapt$ to ! _w ( ! fall--a _w ( selfi%ness & s9--! o!r me?od is adapt$ to ! _w ( ! r$emption--a _w ( ,*ri/ian co-op]ation & love ( our neighbor4 ,by ! fir/ me?od1 population is r$uc$ s effectively t ! mo/ agreeable portions ( ! e>?'s surface rema9 almo/ unt\*$ by human culture4 ,:51 by ! triumph ( true religion1 w>s & _! consequ5ces cease to vex humanity1 population may increase until x cov]s ! area ( ! habitable globe1 )\t dang] ( />v+ itself1 )\t s9k+ into paup]ism4 ,! num]ical population ( ! _w may increase :ile its actual ratio ( propagation is dim9i%$1 & is h>moniz$ ) its capacity ( production4 ,su* is ! logic ( *>ity1 :i* 9 reliev+ suff]+ aims at ! spiritual elevation ( "* & ! p]man5t protection ( mank9d4 ---------- #gaf ,new ,publications4 ,hi/ory ,( ,l\isiana3 ,! ,am]ican ,dom9ation4 ,by ,*>les ,gay>r4 ,new ,york3 ,william ,j4 ,widdleton4 #ahff4 ,?is is a h&some #hvo volume ( #fic pages1 ( :i* #bej are devot$ to ! /ory ( ! def5ce ( ,new ,orleans by ,g5]al ,jackson1 & #fj pages to a sket* ( lead+ public ev5ts f #ahaf to #ahfa4 ,! fir/ *apt] op5s ?us3 ,on ! #bj? ( ,decemb]1 #ahjc1 ! colony ( ,l\isiana _h pass$ f ! dom9ation ( ,spa9 into t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica1 to :i* x 0 deliv]$ by ,france aft] a %ort possession ( tw5ty days1 z ,i h relat$ 9 a =m] "w1 7,hi/ory ( ,l\isiana1 ,spani% ,dom9ation47 ,x is to be regrett$1 we ?9k1 t ?is relation ( ! cession is n giv5 9 ! volume be=e u4 ,! causes1 ! antec$5ts1 ! inevitable necessity ( ! cession1 are all practically ,am]ican1 &1 !re=e prop]ly ! subject = ! op5+ *apt] ( ! ,am]ican ,dom9ation4 ,we h n se5 ,mr4 ,gay>r's prec$+ volume1 b presume he has well told ! /ory ( ! cession4 ,x is an int]e/+ "o4 ,m>t9's ,hi/ory ( ,l\isiana 0 v meagre on t po9t1 & gave1 if we rememb] correctly1 little else ?an ! text ( ! treaty4 ,true1 ,m>t9's book 0 complet$ "s =ty ye>s ago1 :5 ! au?or _h n at h& ! mat]ials t n[ exi/4 ,b>b ,m>bois's "w 0 n !n publi%$4 ,! ,am]ican ,dom9ation1 we v5ture to sugge/1 %\ld h op5$ ) at lea/ a sket* or rsum ( ! /ate ( facts imm$iately prec$+ ! cession--! condition ( trade betwe5 ! ,upp] ,mississippi & ,new ,orleans1 ! ord] ( ,morales1 7,octob]1 #ahjb7 clos+ ! riv]1 ! supposition ?r\gh\t ! ,we/ t ! action ( ,morales 0 au?oriz$ by ! ,fr5* gov]nm5t1 ! excitem5t caus$ by x1 etc4 etc4 ,! ,mississippi to be clos$6 ,x w\ld be difficult at ?is day to convey an idea ( ! con/]nation & indignant ang] ( ! inhabitants ( ! ,ohio & ,mississippi valleys at ! ann\ncem5t4 ,! c\ntry 0 9 a blaze ( excitem5t4 ,meet+s 7 held1 resolutions pass$1 &1 :at 0 m significant1 rifles 7 repair$1 p[d] pur*as$1 & knives %>p5$4 ,:5 ,g]many1 a few ye>s s9ce1 sang & %\t$ ,sie soll5 ihn ni*t hab51 d5 frei5 ,deuts*5 ,rhe91 w> may or may n h be5 imm95t2 b :5 ! hunt]s ( ,k5tucky & ! backwoodsm5 ( ,ohio swore1 z !y pick$ _! fl9t-locks1 ,!y %a'n't h ! ,mississippi6 ! oa? meant bus9ess4 ,9 _! eyes ! free navigation ( ! ,fa!r ( ,wat]s is a "p ( e ,we/]n man's h]itage1 ,footnote #bgf & :5 he cle>s a f>m 9 ! great valley1 ! "r freely to c>ry 8 produce d[n to ! m\? ( ! ,mississippi is to him simply :at ! lawy]s w\ld call an easem5t1 pass+ ) ! title to 8 acres4 ,footnote #bgf3 ,no p[] 9 ! _w %all deprive u ( ?is "r4--,petition to ,congress4 ,prom95t on ,mr4 ,gay>r's pages /&s out ! figure ( ,claiborne1 ,gov]nor ( ,l\isiana f #ahjd to #ahaf4 ,we rise f ! p]usal ( ,mr4 ,gay>r's book ) a high] e/imate ?an ev] ( ?is di/+ui%$ man4 ,calm1 prud5t1 wise1 temp]ate1 & magnanim\s1 ,claiborne is "o ( ! mo/ admirable *>act]s 9 ,am]ican hi/ory4 #gag ,:5 a virul5t libel 0 publi%$ aga9/ him1 on :i* ! attorney-g5]al ?\ght x 8 duty to in/itute suit1 ,claiborne wrote him a noble lett] reque/+ him to /op ! prosecution1 7p4 #bbg47 ,an (fic] ^: h&s & motives are pure1 he said1 has no?+ to fe> f newspap] detraction1 or ! invectives ( angry & delud$ individuals4 ,my conduct 9 life is ! be/ answ] ,i c return to my enemies4 ,x is be=e ! public1 & has secur$1 & w1 ,i am c]ta91 cont9ue to secure me ! e/eem & confid5ce ( t portion ( society ^: approbation is desirable to an hone/ man4 ,! lie ( ! day gives me no conc]n4 ,neglect$ calumny soon expires2 notice x1 & y gratify y\r calumniators2 prosecute x1 & x acquires consequ5ce2 puni% x1 & y enli/ 9 its favor ! public sympa?y4 ,! /ory ( ! h]oic def5ce ( ,=t ,b[y] is well & spirit$ly told by ,mr4 ,gay>r1 & t ( ! def5ce ( ,new ,orleans1 9 ! v>i\s skirmi%es & battles t = weeks prec$$ ! gr& culm9at+ victory ( ,janu>y #h?1 is1 = ! fir/ "t1 cle> & intelligible to u4 ,"h ,mr4 ,gay>r gives u sev]al pages ( n]v\s & picturesque writ+4 ,8 description ( ! night be=e ! battle1 & ( ! brave b disa/r\s *>ge ( ! ,briti% troops ^u ! ,am]ican l9e1 is excell5t 9 _s & 9 detail4 ,mr4 ,gay>r explodes ! popul> /ory ( ! cotton-bale =tifications4 ,!re 7 none4 ,"s bales ( cotton _h be5 us$ to =m ! *eeks ( ! embrasures ( our batt]ies1 & not)/&+ ! popul> tradition t our brea/works 7 l9$ ) x1 ?is 0 ! only "o1 etc4 etc4 7p4 #def47 ,! acc\nt ( ! two color$ battalions :i* r5d]$ su* excell5t s]vice is int]e/+1 z also ,mr4 ,gay>r's comm5ts on ! celebrat$ ,briti% c\nt]sign ( ,beauty & ,booty4 ,mr4 ,gay>r's hi/ory closes ) a long p>agraph1 some:at 9 ! same di?yrambic ve9 t m>ks ! pages ( 8 fir/ volume ( ,l\isiana4 ,he has1 h[ev]1 greatly improv$ bo? 9 /yle & judici\s arrangem5t ( matt]1 &1 comb9+ _m ( ! be/ qualities ( ! hi/orian ) great aptitude ( rese>* & /udy1 has und\bt$ly made a m>k 9 lit]ature1 8 /ate may well be pr\d (1 ev5 ?\gh %e be am5able to ! reproa* convey$ by ! au?or at page #cia4 ,x appe>s t1 9 #ahad1 ,gov]nor ,claiborne advis$ "o ,david ,mc,gee 9 reg>d to "s lit]>y "w ( ! latt]3 ,a love ( lett]s has n yet ga9$ an asc5d5cy 9 ,l\isiana1 & ,i w\ld advise y to seek = y\r production ! patronage ( "s "o ( ! ,nor!rn cities4 ,h[ bitt]1 comm5ts ,mr4 ,gay>r1 is ! ?\ght t x is true6 ,h[ h>d x is = ! v]acity ( ! ,s\!rn hi/orian to admit t1 ev5 9 #ahfd1 a judici\s & frank advis] w\ld be compell$ to say to a man ( lett]s1 9 ! language us$ by ,claiborne 9 #ahad1 ,i w\ld advise y to seek = y\r production ! patronage ( "s "o ( ! ,nor!rn cities6 ---- ,memorials ,( ,^? ,:o ,suff]$ ,= ,! ,fai? ,9 ,irel& 9 ! ,sixte5?1 ,sev5te5?1 & ,eighte5? ,c5turies4 ,by ,myles ,o',reilly1 ,b4,a41 ,,ll4,d4 ,new ,york3 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society4 #a vol4 #abmo1 pp4 #dfb4 ,an elegant volume1 conta9+ biographies ( ! m>tyrs ( ! ,re=mation 9 ,irel&1 :i* we int5d to notice at l5g? 9 a future numb]4 ---- ,lectures ,on ,! ,life1 ,writ+s1 ,& ,times ,( ,edmund ,burke4 ,by ,j4 ,b4 ,rob]tson1 ,esq4 ,london3 ,john ,philp4 ,= sale by ! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society1 #abf ,nassau ,/reet1 ,new ,york4 #gah ,9 ?is volume1 ,pr(essor ,rob]tson1 z an extremely cons]vative mon>*i/1 & z an en?usia/ic admir] ( :at he calls ! old temp]ate mon>*y1 be/ typifi$ 9 mod]n politics by ! gov]nm5t ( ,engl&1 ! native l& ( ! lectur]1 treats ( ! hi/ory ( ! life1 writ+s1 & times ( ,edmund ,burke1 ! mo/ illu/ri\s ,iri%man ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 &1 9 purely civil affairs ( all times1 f a mon>*ical po9t ( view2 & makes 8 lectures1 :i* he seems to h design$ = a biography ( ! greate/ ( ,briti% orators & /atesm51 really ! m$ium ( an exposition ( 8 own peculi> doctr9es & op9ions 9 ! political relation1 ) su* incid5tal notices ( ! immortal ,burke z 7 deem$ p]t95t to ! illu/ration & en=cem5t ( ! political speculations ( ! gift$ lectur]1 :o appe>s to live & move 9 utt] awe ( ! _s ( revolution1 & 9 utt] dete/ation ( ! sov]eignty ( ! p & ( ! republic4 ,! book is ( value *iefly z %[+ h[ ! complex affairs kn[n z con/itut+ ! mod]n _w are view$ by an ,engli%man ( f9e culture1 eloqu5t expression1 & v cons]vative in/9cts & sympa?ies4 ,! book is got out 9 ,mr4 ,philp's be/ /yle2 ! pap]1 type1 & b9d+ are faultless4 ---- ,sadli]'s ,ca?olic ,directory1 ,almanac1 ,& ,ordo1 = ! ye> ( our ,"l #ahfi4 ,?is "w is publi%$ 9 ! same /yle z h]et(ore1 & is1 we presume1 ab\t z correct z c be expect$ ( su* a publication4 ,!re is "o improvem5t1 h[ev]1 :i* c\ld be made at ! exp5se ( "o c5t a copy1 namely1 to sew ! book in/ead ( /it*+ x4 ,! way x is n[ b\nd1 sev]al pages are defac$ by ! l>ge holes pun*$ ?r\gh ! book4 ---- ,a ,practical ,& ,!oretical ,me?od ,( ,le>n+ ,! ,fr5* ,language4 ,by ,a4 ,bi>nois4 ,d4 ,j4 ,sadli] ,co4 #ahfh4 ,( all ! sy/ems hi!rto devis$ to facilitate ! /udy ( ! ,fr5* language1 & at ! same "t (f] to ! /ud5t a me?od :i*1 9 its developm5t1 w prove attractive to him1 we are incl9$ to ?9k ! pres5t "o by ,m4 ,bi>nois is 9 _m respects to be pref]r$4 ,! idea 9 ! inv5tion ( mo/ ( ! mod]n sy/ems is a good "o3 to give ! pupil words & phrases be=e he is taught ! rules = _! grammatical con/ruction4 ,?is is ! design propos$ by our au?or1 & aft] an introductory article on pronunciation he gives u at once a s5t5ce4 ,on n\s dit que le ,sultan ,mahm\d1 p> ses gu]res p]ptuelles1 au dehors et sa tyrannie l'intrieur1 avait rempli les tats de ses anctres de m9e et de desolation2 et avait dpeupl1 l',empire ,p]san4 ,?is s5t5ce is ?or\ghly analyz$1 :i* gives him occasion to expla93 #a4 ,transposition & contractions ( pron\ns4 #b4 ,! g5d] & numb] ( sub/antives4 #c4 ,=mation ( ! fem99e ( adjectives4 #d4 ,( ! plural ( adjectives4 #e4 ,place1 elision1 & contraction ( ! article4 #f4 ,=ms ( negation4 #g4 ,possessive pron\ns4 #h4 ,possessive1 demon/rative1 & indef9ite adjectives1 ) _m grammatical relations ( all ^!4 ,?is is foll[$ by an orig9al set ( rules to f9d ,fr5* words to express :at we "k 9 ,engli%1 h[ to =m v]bs out ( sub/antives1 & to det]m9e1 )\t a diction>y1 ! conjugation to :i* ea* ( ^! v]bs belongs4 ,aga9 we h m phrases1 accompani$ by runn+ explanatory notes1 & ! :ole c\*$ 9 a famili> conv]sational /yle :i* _c fail ( fix+ ! att5tion & impress+ ! memory ( ! /ud5t4 ,! latt] half ( ! "w1 "u ! title ,recapitulation1 takes up ! p>ts ( spee* 9 m regul> ord]4 ,we confess t = "y beg9n]s we w\ld pref] a c]ta9 am\nt ( /udy 9 ! admirable "w ( ,dr4 ,emile ,otto1 z revis$ by ,mr4 ,f]d9& ,b*] = ,engli% /ud5ts1 be=e tak+ up ! me?od ( ,m4 ,bi>nois4 ,! latt] supposes a consid]able advance 9 ! k ( ! ,engli% language1 & he is compell$ at ! v outset to make use ( words & phrases :i*1 to y\?ful pupils1 might ne$ explanation fully z mu* z ! correspond+ ones 9 ,fr5*4 ,b = /ud5ts 9 our colleges1 :o h already "s notion ( ,engli% or ,lat9 gramm>1 we ?9k ?is gramm> ( ,m4 ,bi>nois is "o ( ! be/1 & 9 _m respects bett] ?an any t h come "u our notice4 ---- #gai ,tobacco ,& ,alcohol4 ,i4 ,x ,does ,pay ,to ,smoke ,,ii4 ,! ,com+ ,man ,w ,dr9k ,w9e4 ,by ,john ,fiske1 ,m4,a41 ,,ll4,b4 ,new ,york3 ,leypoldt ,holt4 #ahfi4 ,x 0 h>dly possible t ,mr4 ,p>ton's attack on ! smok]s & dr9k]s ( ?is g5]ation %\ld pass )\t a reply4 ,mr4 ,fiske has sprung into ! li/s1 :ile yet ! gauntlet ( ! *all5g] has sc>cely rea*$ ! gr\nd1 & has begun ! battle ) a =ce & vigor :i*1 to say ! lea/1 mu/ tempor>ily />tle 8 oppos]s4 ,sci5tifically1 he appe>s to h ! advantage4 ,!re is v little ( ass]tion2 v mu* ( au?ority & argum5t ab\t him4 ,8 mann] ( deal+ ) ! sweep+ /atem5ts ( 8 adv]s>y is m effective ?an c\rte\s4 ,8 !ory ( ! value ( alcohol & tobacco1 z /imulants = daily use1 is c]ta9ly plausible1 & mu/ be welcome to all :o ei!r smoke or dr9k1 or :o aspire to d s4 ,physiologically1 also1 x appe>s s\nd1 & 9 accordance ) ! late/ !rapeutical discov]ies4 ,b x w be inde$ a task ( difficulty to lead ,mr4 ,p>ton1 or 8 sympa?iz]s1 into ! belief t ei!r smok+ or dr9k+ are pr(itable to mank9d2 a task equall$ only by t ( br++ smok]s & dr9k]s to obs]ve t gold5 mean ( temp]ance :i* ev5 ,mr4 ,fiske admits to be ( indisp5sable necessity4 ,b :atev] may be ! sci5tific m]its ( ,mr4 ,fiske's treatise1 we c b feel t1 morally1 he is on ! los+ side4 ,! advantages & disadvantages ( tobacco & alcohol are to be e/imat$ by _! effect ^u mank9d at l>ge1 z mank9d uses & w use !m1 & n by ! m$ical influ5ce !y ex]cise :5 tak5 by ! prop] p]sons1 9 prop] quantities1 at prop] times4 ,_m ?+s are p] se useful & b5eficial :i*1 z us$1 are s\rces ( great injury & de/ruction4 ,"s ( ^! c sc>cely be us$ z !y ought by man 9 g5]al1 b become1 almo/ inevitably1 ! cause ( ru9 & disord]4 ,to ?is class we believe t tobacco & alcohol belong4 ,exp]i5ce seems to tea* t _! abuse necess>ily foll[s f _! use1 & t1 :atev] _! peculi> b5eficial prop]ties1 !y h be51 & /ill are1 among ! wor/ enemies ( man4 ,= ?is reason we regret to see any argum5t put into ! m\?s ( smok]s & dr9k]s1 :]eby !y c quiet _! own consci5ces or beguile o!rs into self-indulg5ce2 & we feel t x 7 saf] & bett] t ! n]ve-p[] ( ! individual %\ld wa/e a little fa/]1 & ! /imulus be d5i$1 ?an t ! mis]y & wret*$ness :i* tobacco & alcohol h already occasion$ %\ld f9d ei!r an increase or an apology4 ---- ,a ,book ,ab\t ,dom9ies3 ,be+ ! ,reflections & ,recollections ( a ,memb] ( ! ,pr(ession4 ,bo/on3 ,rob]ts ,bro!rs4 #ahfi4 ,b = "o fault ?is 7 a *>m+ book4 ,!re is a fre%ness & g5ial w>m? ab\t x :i* is v welcome to ! he>t ( any "o :o has ev] be5 a boy4 ,! ke5 appreciation ( ! boy nature1 ( ! boy aspirations1 ( ! boy tr\bles1 :i* ! dom9ie1 ^: exp]i5ce is "h n>rat$1 seems to h possess$1 gives a r>e reli% to 8 sket*es1 & makes 8 book almo/ a /ory ( ! read]'s own y\? & s*ool life4 ,= ^! m]its x w be read n once only b (t51 & w s]ve bo? to maturity & age z a tale ( ! times ( old--a memory ( ! days ( o!r ye>s4 #gbj ,! fault ( :i* we speak is ! tone ( religi\s s5tim5talism :i* runs ?r\gh ! :ole book1 & crops out 9 v>i\s fl+s at positive religi\s fai?1 & 9 innum]able expressions ( an unheal?y1 mawki%1 self-congratulat+ piety4 ,latitud9>ianism is bad en\gh1 b :5 x rea*es to ! op5 contempt ( dogma1 & elevates ! undisguis$ conceit :i* despises all au?ority & law above ! humility :i* ackn[l$ges "s tru? outside its own conclusions1 x becomes ! wor/ possible k9d ( tea*+ bo? = boys & m54 ,x is difficult to realize t ! writ] ( ! sub/ance ( ?is book %\ld also be ! au?or ( ^! dang]\s & disagreeable s5tim5talisms4 ---- ,an ,illu/rat$ ,hi/ory ,( ,irel&1 f ! ,e>lie/ ,p]iod to ! ,pres5t ,"t4 ,) sev]al fir/-class full-page ,engrav+s ( ,hi/orical ,sc5es1 design$ by ,h5ry ,doyle1 & engrav$ by ,george ,hanlon & ,george ,pe>son2 toge!r ) upw>d ( ,"o ,hundr$ ,woodcuts1 by em95t arti/s1 illu/rat+ ,antiquities1 ,sc5]y1 & ,sites ( ,rem>kable ,ev5ts2 & ?ree l>ge ,maps1 "o ( ,irel&1 & ! o!rs ( ,family ,homes1 ,/ati/ics1 etc4 #a vol4 #hvo4 ,ne>ly #gjj pages1 extra clo?4 ,new ,york3 ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society1 #abf ,nassau ,/reet4 #ahfi4 ,we are glad to see ?is new & improv$ edition ( ?is excell5t hi/ory ( ,irel&4 ,! fir/ edition we notic$ at l5g?1 on its appe>ance1 "s mon?s ago2 b ! dem& = x 0 s great t x 0 soon exhau/$4 ,! di/+ui%$ au?oress1 7,si/] ,m>y ,frances ,cl>e17 hav+ made sev]al additions & improvem5ts1 pres5ts u ) a f9ely illu/rat$ volume1 wor?y ( a place on ! %elves ( e libr>y1 public or private1 9 ,am]ica4 ,x is v important t ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld /udy ! hi/ory ( ,irel& intellig5tly4 ,!y h1 z a p1 too long neglect$ x2 & all ! great] portion ( !m "k ab\t ,irel& & h] hi/ory is t :i* !y h le>n$ out ( _! s*ool-books1 & vitiat$ novels4 ,9 fact1 our public m51 writ]s & speak]s alike1 h n ?\ght x wor? _! :ile to read ,irel&'s hi/ory2 x 01 to _m ( !m1 a c\ntry b5ea? _! notice1 except to sl&]1 by quot+ h] hi/ory f ! bias$ writ]s ( ,engl&4 ,b ^? times are pass$4 ,we n[ h good hi/ories en\gh4 ,besides1 !re is no c\ntry ( ,europe t has s5t s _m ( h] p to populate ?is c\ntry2 h] *ildr5 or _! desc5dants are to be f\nd 9 e t[n & hamlet f ,ma9e to ,oregon4 ,x is !re=e incumb5t on all ,am]ican citiz5s1 native or adopt$1 to /udy ! hi/ory ( t ,isle ( anci5t fame1 ^: hi/ory is almo/ z old z t ( ,judea4 ,we tru/ t ^? :o h n yet done s w n[ procure a copy ( ?is "w4 ,ap>t f its intr9sic m]its1 :i* are manifold1 !re is ano!r :i* is ( "s importance4 ,x is sold = ! b5efit ( ! ,conv5t ( ,poor ,cl>es1 ,k5m>e1 ,irel&1 :i* in/itution gives education to hundr$s ( poor ,iri% *ildr54 ---- ,books ,receiv$4 ,f ,ivison1 ,ph9ney1 ,blakeman ,co43 ,analysis ( ,civil ,gov]nm5t3 includ+ a topical & tabul> arrangem5t ( ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,design$ z a class-book = ! use ( ,gramm>1 ,high1 & ,normal ,s*ools1 ,academies1 & o!r in/itutions ( le>n+4 ,by ,calv9 ,t[ns5d1 ,c\nsellor-at-,law4 ,new ,york4 #ahfi4 ,f ,lee ,%ep>d3 ,glov]son & ,8 ,sil5t ,p>tn]s4 ,by ,ralph ,r$]4 #ahfi4 ,words ( ,hope4 ,t ye sorr[ n1 ev5 z o!rs :i* h no hope4 #ahfi4 ,f ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,co43 ,a ,few ,fri5ds1 & h[ !y ,amus$ ,!mselves4 ,a tale 9 n9e *apt]s2 conta9+ descriptions ( tw5ty pa/imes & games1 & a fancy dress p>ty4 ,by ,m4 ,e4 ,dodge1 au?or ( ,hans ,br9k] & ,! ,irv+ton ,/ories4 #ahfi4 ,f ,d4 ,j4 ,sadli] ,co43 ,songs ( ,irel& & o!r ,l&s2 be+ a collection ( ! mo/ popul> ,iri% s5tim5tal & comic songs1 #a vol4 #ahmo4 ,f ,*>les ,scribn] ,co41 ,new ,york3 ,essays on ! ,progress ( ,nations1 9 ,civilization1 ,productive ,indu/ry1 ,weal?1 & ,population1 etc4 ,by ,ezra ,c4 ,seaman1 #a vol4 #abmo4 ,f ,d4 ,appleton ,co41 ,new ,york3 ,m5tal ,sci5ce2 a ,comp5dium ( ,psy*ology1 & ! ,hi/ory ( ,philosophy4 ,by ,alex&] ,ba91 ,m4 ,a4 #a vol4 #abmo4 ---------- #gbagbbgbc ,! ,ca?olic ,_w4 ,vol4 ,,viii41 ,no4 #dh4--,m>*1 #ahfi4 ,an ,apo/olic ,lett] ,f ,8 ,hol9ess ,pope ,pius ,,ix4 ,! lett] ( ! ,holy ,fa!r :i* we publi% bel[1 9 ,lat9 & ,engli%1 toge!r ) "o f ,c>d9al ,b>nabo1 ,prefect ( ! ,congregation ( ! ,propag&a1 h j be5 receiv$ f ,rome4 ,! read]s ( ,! ,ca?olic ,_w1 & ^? p]sons especially :o h tak5 an active int]e/ 91 & h g5]\sly contribut$ to1 ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,pauli/ ,congregation1 ! ,publication ,society1 & o!r associat$ works1 w d\btless feel gratifi$ & enc\rag$ by ! approv+ words ) :i* ! ,holy ,fa!r has deign$ to give !m 8 sanction & apo/olic bless+4 ,^! graci\s words ( ! ,vic> ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ought to enc\rage u all to r$\bl$ ef=ts = ! advancem5t ( our holy religion1 & su*1 we tru/1 w be _! influ5ce4 ,admodum ,r4 ,d43 ,cum ,sanctissimus ,dom9us ,no/] non levi int] quibus afficitur ac]bitates jucunditate ex pluribus nunciis accep]it1 ,d4 ,tuam p] ,ca?olicos ephem]ides curam omnem imp5d]e ad religionis no/rae sanctissimae /udium fov5dum1 ad falsas doctr9as refell5das1 et ad hujus ,apo/olicae ,s$is jura tu5da1 aliquod suae pat]nae dilectionis te/imonium voluit exhib]e4 ,p]gratum pro9de erit ,d4 ,tuae lit]as ,sanctitatis suae hisce adjectas rep]ire1 quibus factum iri confido ut majori usque /udio et alacritate inceptum opus prosequ>is4 ,cui quidem b5evolae1 quam ,sanctissimus ,pat] erga ,te te/>i voluit1 voluntati prop5sionis meae significationes add5s1 ,deum precor ut ,d4 ,tuae fau/a quaeque l>giatur4 ,romae1 ex ,a$4 ,s4 ,cong4 de ,prop4 ,fide1 die #e ,janu>ii1 ,,mdccclxix4 ,d4 ,tuae4 ,addictissimus1 ,al4 ,c4 ,b>nabo1 ,pr4 ,transcrib]'s note3 ,engli% translation4 ,v ,rev]5d ,sir3 ,inasmu* z ! ,sov]eign ,pontiff1 our ,holy ,fa!r ! ,pope1 amid 8 _m afflictions1 has receiv$ great joy at he>+1 ?r\gh _m diff]5t s\rces1 t y\r ,rev]5ce is tak+ su* great c>e to spread ! k ( our mo/ holy religion ?r\gh ,ca?olic publications1 adapt$ to refute false doctr9e & to def5d ! rights ( ?is ,apo/olic ,see1 he has desir$ to give y a te/imony ( 8 pat]nal affection4 ,accord+ly1 x w be mo/ pleas+ to y\r ,rev]5ce to receive1 toge!r ) ?is1 ! lett] ( 8 ,hol9ess1 by :i* ,i tru/ y may be enc\rag$ to pursue ! "w y h und]tak5 ) /ill great] zeal & alacrity4 ,add+ to ! s5tim5ts ( good w :i* ! ,holy ,fa!r decl>es t[>d y1 ! expression ( my own reg>d1 ,i pray ,god t ,he may grant to y\r ,rev]5ce e k9d ( prosp]ity4 ,rome1 ,(fice ( ! ,s4 ,cong4 ( ! ,propag&a1 ,janu>y #e?1 ,,mdccclxix4 ,mo/ affectionately1 ,al4 ,c4 ,b>nabo1 ,,pr4 ---- ,dilecto ,filio1 ,i4 ,t4 ,heck]1 ,presbyt]o ,ac ,rectori ,mission>iorum ,collegii ,a ,s4 ,paulo ,nuncup41 ,neo-eboracum4 ,,pius1 ,,pp4 ,,ix4 ,dilecte ,fili1 salutem et ,apo/olicam ,b5$ictionem4 ,gaudemus1 ,dilecte ,fili1 te tui propositi memorem voce scriptisque con/ant] adlabor>e propag&ae ,ca?olicae religioni dissip&isque errorum t5ebris2 ac tibi gratulamur ex animo de increm5tis1 quae initis a te op]ibus accessisse discimus4 ,scilicet conf]tae illae conciones1 ubi ,ca?olicam exposui/i doctr9am1 quaeque tui desid]ium ita fec]unt aliis1 ut ad nobiliores ac frequ5tiores invit]is2 exi/imatio1 quam apud ipsos diss5ti5tes ephem]idi tuae ,,ca?olic ,,_w eruditio et p]spicuitas comp>>unt2 aviditas qua passim expetuntur editi a ,societate ,ca?olica1 p] te coacta1 libelli2 novi sodales1 qui culturae a te susceptae f9es latius porrecturi1 dant familiae tuae nom52 alumni t&em1 qui 9 idem opus1 se tibi tradunt excol5dos1 totidem sunt amplissimi fructus et dis]ti te/es zeli sol]tiaeque tuae1 ac coele/is illius favoris1 quo coepta tua foecundantur4 ,quod sane facile intelliges quam jucundum ,nobis cont+]e debeat1 qui id potissimum optamus1 ut evangelium nuncietur omni creaturae1 ut s$5tes 9 umbra mortis ad viam salutis adducantur1 ut demum de/ructis erroribus univ]sis1 ubique v]itatis regnum con/ituatur1 9 quo ju/itia et pax se invicem osculantes1 humanae familiae r$dant ord9is tranquillitatem jamdiu a mon/rosis op9ionum comm5tis abactam4 ,dum itaque /udia tua1 et eorum1 qui tibi op]e1 subsidio1 +5io opitulantur1 lib5tissime comm5damus1 maximas ,deo gratias agimus1 quod ipsis obsecund>e volu]it2 eumque rogamus1 ut gratiae suae virtute1 novos tibi jam curr5ti veluti /imulos addat1 aliosque atque alios adjutores tibi conciliet1 qui tecum indu/riam viresque suas conf]ant 9 commune ,*ri/iani populi bonum4 ,coele/is v]o favoris auspicem1 et pat]nae no/rae b5evol5tiae te/em ,apo/olicam ,b5$ictionem tibi tuaeque ,mission>iorum familiae p]amant] imp]timus4 ,datum ,romae apud ,s4 ,petrum die #cj ,decembris1 #ahfh1 ,pontificatus ,no/ri ,anno ,,xxiii4 ,transcrib]'s note3 ,engli% translation4 ,to ,my ,belov$ ,son1 ,i4 ,t4 ,heck]1 ,prie/ ,& ,sup]ior ,( ,! ,mission>y ,congregation ,( ,/4 ,paul1 ,new ,york4 ,,pius ,,ix41 ,,pope4 ,belov$ ,son1 heal? & apo/olic b5$iction4 ,we rejoice1 belov$ son1 t y1 m9dful ( y\r purpose1 labor cont9ually1 by y\r ^w & writ+s1 to spread ! ,ca?olic religion1 & to scatt] ! d>kness ( error2 & ,we he>tily congratulate y ^u ! increase :i*1 z ,we h be5 in=m$1 ! works und]tak5 by y h receiv$4 ,und\bt$ly ^? ?rong$ assemblies :]e y h set =? ! ,ca?olic doctr9e1 & h !reby excit$ 9 o!rs su* a desire to he> y1 t y are invit$ to address audi5ces /ill l>g] & m notable2 ! e/eem :i* y\r p]iodical1 ,,! ,,ca?olic ,,_w1 has1 ?r\gh its erudition & p]spicuity1 acquir$1 ev5 among ^? :o diff] f u2 ! eag]ness ) :i* ! tracts & books ( ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society1 e/abli%$ by y1 are ev]y:]e s\ght =2 ! new associates :o enroll !mselves 9 y\r congregation to ext5d m widely ! good "w y h und]tak52 f9ally1 ! /ud5ts :o (f] !mselves to y to be educat$ = ! same "w1 all ^! are s _m abundant fruits & eloqu5t witnesses ( y\r zeal & skill1 & ( ! div9e favor ?r\gh :i* y\r und]tak+s are made fruitful4 ,y w easily und]/&1 ( c\rse1 h[ gratify+ ?is mu/ be to ,u1 :o desire1 above all ?+s1 t ! gospel %\ld be prea*$ to e creature2 t ^? :o sit 9 ! %ad[ ( dea? %\ld be br\ght into ! way ( salvation2 t1 9 f9e1 all errors be+ de/roy$1 ! reign ( tru? %\ld be ev]y:]e e/abli%$2 9 :i* ju/ice & peace1 kiss+ ea* o!r1 may re/ore to ! human family ! tranquillity ( ord]1 s long bani%$ by ! extravagances ( error4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 ,we mo/ cordially comm5d y\r zeal\s ef=ts1 & ^? ( y\r associates :o contribute to ! success ( ! same by _! labor1 _! gifts1 or _! tal5ts1 ,we give especial ?anks to ,god t ,he has condesc5d$ to second !m1 & ,we pray ,him t1 by ! p[] ( ,8 grace1 ,he may /imulate /ill m y\r already /r5u\s ex]tions2 & may give y m & m associates :o1 ) y1 %all be/[ _! indu/ry & /r5g? on ! common good ( ! ,*ri/ian p4 ,& z a tok5 ( ! div9e favor1 & an evid5ce ( ,our pat]nal good w1 ,we imp>t mo/ affectionately to y1 & to y\r congregation ( mission>ies1 ,our apo/olic b5$iction4 ,giv5 at ,rome1 at ,/4 ,pet]'s1 on ! #cj? ( ,decemb]1 #ahfh1 9 ! tw5ty-?ird ye> ( ,our ,pontificate4 ,pius ,,ix41 ,pope4 ---------- #gbd ,! ,progress ( ,nations4 ,footnote #bgg ,footnote #bgg3 ,essays on ,mm ,progress ( ,nations1 9 ,civilization1 ,productive ,indu/ry1 ,weal?1 & ,population4 ,by ,ezra ,c4 ,seaman4 ,fir/ & ,second ,s]ies1 #ab mo4 ,,pp4 #fde1 #fei4 ,new ,york3 ,*>les ,scribn] ,co4 #ahfh4 ,! fir/ s]ies ( ! ,essays :i* compose ^! two /\t volumes appe>$ z long ago z #ahdf1 & has n[ be5 revis$1 am5d$1 & enl>g$1 &1 aft] be+ long out ( pr9t1 republi%$ 9 connection ) a second collection simil> 9 "* & g5]al design4 ,mr4 ,seaman's purpose has be5 to inquire into ! pr9cipal causes ( ! welf>e ( nations1 su* z morality1 education1 p]sonal & political lib]ty1 comm]cial1 me*anical1 & agricultural developm5t1 & ^? natural conditions ( climate & geographical position :i* man has no p[] to modify1 & to %[ h[ ^! causes h op]at$ at v>i\s times & 9 v>i\s c\ntries4 ,to ! adequate treatm5t ( s va/ a !me1 !re %\ld be br\ght ! labor ( a life-"t1 ! le>n+ ( a ripe s*ol>1 & ! intellect ( a philosoph]4 ,mr4 ,seaman1 we mu/ frankly say1 has br\ght nei!r ( ! ?ree4 ,he has attempt$ :at n "o man 9 a ?\s& w\ld be wise to attempt2 & if he has fail$1 he has at any rate fail$ 9 v respectable company4 ,! essays are crude & fragm5t>y4 ,!y lack a su/a9$ tra9 ( ?\ght & logical connection2 !y are encumb]$ ) commonplaces & repetitions2 & ! /ati/ical & hi/orical illu/rations ) :i* !y are ?ickly int]wov5 h ! disadvantage ( be+ borr[$ f s\rces t convey no weight ( au?ority4 ,citations f incompet5t witnesses c>ry no =ce1 b r weak5 ! effect ( an au?or's /atem5ts4 ,! fundam5tal fault ( ,mr4 ,seaman's "w is n its ragg$ness1 h[ev]2 b x is ! misappreh5sion1 ) :i* he />ts1 ( ! mean+ ( 8 subject4 ,he und]/&s ,progress m]ely z mat]ial prosp]ity4 ,civilization means no?+ 9 8 m9d b ,productive ,indu/ry1 ,weal?1 & ,population4 ,t p is ! mo/ advanc$ :i* owns ! mo/ money & we>s ! be/ clo!s4 ,! de/9y ( man is comm]ce & manufactures4 ,! end ( civil society is ! acquisition ( weal?4 ,lib]ty is good because x leaves man free to inv5t telegraphs & railroads4 ,gov]nm5t is good because trade w\ld be impossible )\t x4 ,education is valuable because x /imulates production & regulates indu/ry4 ,religion is respectable because x develops ! intellectual faculties1 & tea*es u to re/ra9 ! appetites ^: free indulg5ce w\ld und]m9e ! con/itution or injure our fell[-man4 ,we d n mean to say t ,mr4 ,seaman tea*es ^! doctr9es 9 s _m words4 ,he does n "k t he tea*es !m at all4 ,if he ev] sees ?is article1 he w no d\bt be %ock$ at our int]pretation ( 8 argum5t4 ,yet1 pu%$ to _! fair & by no means remote conclusions1 ^! are ! tea*+s to :i* 8 essays am\nt4 ,he seems to =get t man 0 creat$ to "k & love ,god & promote ! div9e glory1 & t is ! highe/ /ate ( civilization 9 :i* he mo/ p]fectly fulfils ! end ( 8 creation4 ,!re is no true progress except t[>d ?is end4 #gbe ,!re is no real prosp]ity1 :]e ?is heav5ly de/9y is lo/ sight (4 ,!re is no education :i* keeps x n con/antly 9 view4 ,mr4 ,seaman treats religion m]ely z an ag5cy = ! developm5t ( civilization1 :]eas x is ! v ess5ce ( civilization itself4 ,he ?9ks ( ! wor%ip ( ,god z a useful m5tal ex]cise1 :i* %>p5s a man's wits & makes him ke5] at a b>ga94 ,"o :o has practis$ 8 bra9 9 !ological controv]sy mu/ ( necessity be ! cle>]-head$ :5 he has to decide betwe5 free-trade & protection1 or calculate ! rate ( ex*ange & ! fluctuations ( /ocks4 ,b !ology is n wor%ip4 ,religion is a matt] ( ! affections z well z ! intellect4 ,! unlett]$ peasant c praise ,god1 & is b\nd to praise ,god1 no less ?an ! s*ol>4 ,a purely intellectual religion c\ld n be ( div9e orig91 s9ce x w\ld only be suitable = a small m9ority ( ! human race2 x c\ld n be ! great bus9ess ( e man's life1 z religion mu/ be1 if x is wor? any?+ at all4 ,happ9ess1 9 a future _w z well z 9 ?is1 says ,mr4 ,seaman1 is ! sov]eign good ( man1 & con/itutes ! end & *ief purpose ( 8 exi/5ce4 ,t /atem5t may pass if y und]/& happ9ess to consi/ 9 ! promotion ( ! div9e glory2 b n if y place x 9 bank-notes & /eam-eng9es4 ,^! seem to be ! goal ( progress 9 our au?or's eyes1 & he looks at no?+ beyond !m4 ,) 8 false conceptions ( ! nature ( society & religion1 x is n surpris+ t ,mr4 ,seaman %\ld ?or\ghly misappreh5d ! "w & purpose ( t div9ely organiz$ *ur* to :i* we owe all ! true civilization !re is 9 ! _w1 & all ! progress we h ev] made4 ,! only ?read ( ?\ght :i* c be cle>ly disc]n$ runn+ ?r\gh 8 essays1 is ! idea t ,ca?olicism is ! great enemy ( civilization4 ,we wi% x 7 q z cle> by :at l9e ( argum5t he purposes to prove x4 ,9 "o *apt]1 ! *ur* is an enemy to education because %e does n tea* ! p en\gh4 ,9 ano!r %e is ! enemy ( free ?\ght because %e tea*es !m too mu*4 ,n[ h] (f5ce is neglect1 n[ x is ov]mu* c>e4 ,we don't see h[ x c be bo?4 ,a "p1 he says1 & "o ( ! mo/ effici5t p>ts ( gov]nm5t 9 all civiliz$ c\ntries1 consi/s 9 ! education ( ! p4 ,& he argues ! necessity ( education f ! fact t ! great mass ( mank9d 444 are guid$ by imitation1 prec$5t1 & ! in/ruction ( o!rs4 ,!y h v few ideas except ^? :i* are put into _! heads by bett] educat$ p1 or are d]iv$ directly f ! s5ses4 ,su* p 9 all c\ntries are "u ! influ5ce & control 444 ( ! ari/ocracy1 ! cl]gy1 ! memb]s ( ! le>n$ pr(essions1 & ! milit>y & civil (fic]s ( gov]nm5t4 ,! policy ( ! pope & ! prie/hood1 he compla9s1 is to reta9 ! masses 9 a /ate ( ignorance4 ,! ,bible is kept f !m2 !y are d5i$ ! "r to read1 & ex]cise _! own individual judgm5ts 9 matt]s ( religion1 b mu/ all[ _! prie/s to read1 ?9k1 & judge = !m1 & to =m _! op9ions2 & no ef=ts are made by ! prie/s to e/abli% common s*ools1 or to tea* ! common p any?+ beyond ! cate*ism1 & ! c]emonies & dogmas ( religion1 & absolute1 unconditional submission 9 all ?+s to _! prie/s & rul]s4 #gbf ,_! :ole ef=ts 9 matt]s ( education are direct$ to f\nd+ colleges & high-s*ools1 = tra9+ up "y m5 = ! prie/hood1 & in/ruct+ & brea?+ _! op9ions into ! *ildr5 & y\? ( ! ari/ocracy & ! weal?y classes4 ,n[1 be=e we g any fur!r1 let u prick a few ( ! mi/akes 9 ?is p>agraph4 ,!re are s _m we h>dly "k h[ to beg94 #a4 ,! ,bible is n kept f ! common p4 ,x is freely circulat$ 9 ! v]nacul>1 & our curr5t ,engli% v]sion is old] ?an ! translation ( ,k+ ,james4 ,f ! "t1 9 fact1 :5 ,bi%op ,ulphilas 9 ! fif? c5tury translat$ ! ,bible into ! ,go?ic tongue1 d[n to our own day1 x has be5 ! con/ant practice ( ! *ur* to supply ! fai?ful ) correct translations ( ! ,holy ,scriptures4 ,! use ( false & g>bl$ v]sions is inde$ =bidd52 b t is ano!r matt] altoge!r4 #b4 ,ca?olics are n =bidd5 to read 7671 nor d _! prie/s claim ! "r to read & ?9k = !m1 or to =m _! op9ions4 ,mr4 ,seaman's /atem5ts on ^! po9ts are s prepo/]\s t 9 8 cool] mom5ts we suppose he is sorry = hav+ made !m4 #c4 ,ef=ts h always be5 made by our cl]gy to e/abli% s*ools = ! common p4 ,! fir/ "w ( ! p>i% prie/ aft] he has built 8 *ur* is to build a s*ool-h\se4 ,! free education ( ! *ildr5 ( ! poor has ! next place 9 8 c>e to ! s]vice ( ! alt>4 ,!re is n a /ep 9 ! :ole sy/em ( education1 f ! alphabet-class to ! highe/ univ]sity cursus ,footnote #bgh1 to :i* ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* does n devote ! labor ( "s religi\s ord] or congregation1 bless$ & sanction$ & assi/$ by ! supreme ,pontiff4 ,footnote #bgh3 ,transcrib]'s note3 c\rse ,%e does n conf9e1 %e nev] has conf9$1 h] solicitude to !ological /udies or ! education ( ! ri*4 ,tea*+ ! poor has be5 ! *os5 labor & *ief glory ( hundr$s ( h] sa9ts1 & is n[ ! cr[n+ "w ( _m a fl\ri%+ ord]1 su* z ! ,si/]s ( ,*>ity1 ! ,bre?r5 ( ! ,*ri/ian ,s*ools1 & simil> organizations1 ! prime object ( :i*1 be x rem>k$1 is ! education n ( ! upp] classes b ( ! mass ( ! population4 ,! ,jesuits are m celebrat$ = _! colleges & high] sem9>ies ?an = rudim5t>y s*ools2 b !y too h _! prim>y classes 9 all places :]e !re is bo? ne$ & opportunity = !m2 & ev5 9 _! colleges :]e e /ud5t is suppos$ to pay = 8 education1 a sy/em ( gratuit\s in/ruction is pursu$ ) a delicate secrecy design$ to sp>e ! poor s*ol> any possible mortification4 ,( c\rse x is *iefly ! masses :o pr(it by ?is hidd5 *>ity4 ,ev5 ,mr4 ,seaman himself1 9 ano!r "p ( 8 book1 int]rupts 8 c5sure ( religi\s ord]s 9 g5]al by a confession t _m ( ! communities ( monks & nuns h done good by devot+ !mselves to ! education ( ! "y3 if he _h n confess$ x1 inde$1 he mu/ h be5 a m>vel ( ignorance or di%one/y4 ,) ! hi/ory ( ! common-s*ool agitation l$ by ,bi%op ,hughes 9 ,new ,york s fre% 9 m9d1 he mu/ be a bold p>tisan :o w\ld d5y our anxiety to keep 9 ! v van ( educational progress4 ,! ,ca?olic dem& = a %>e ( ! s*ool fund 0 9 reality a dem& = ! admission ( our p>o*ial s*ools to ! common s*ool sy/em ( ! ,/ate4 ,we 7 ready1 nay anxi\s1 to c>ry out ! ,/ate programme ( in/ruction to its fulle/ ext5t1 & admit ! ,/ate inspectors & exam9]s to scrut9ize our op]ations :5ev] !y saw fit4 #gbg ,b sect>ian bigotry has impos$ a d\ble tax ^u our ef=ts = ! education ( our *ildr51 & r ?an we %\ld tea* !m ab\t ,god opposes our tea*+ !m any?+ at all4 ,we d ! be/ we c4 ,we pay our tax = ! support ( ! s*ools we d n approve2 we pay ano!r volunt>y tax = su* p>i% s*ools z our pov]ty c af=d2 & if ^! are too small to receive our *ildr5 & too poor to d z mu* = !m z !y w\ld be glad to d1 ! fault is n ours b ! law's1 :i* deprives u ( ! aid to :i* we are ju/ly entitl$ f ! common fund4 ,"o ?+ is cle> to e dispassionate obs]v]3 ! ,ca?olics d twice z mu* = education z any o!r d5om9ation--nay1 d t :i* no o!r d5om9ation w\ld ?9k ( attempt+4 ,a /ate sy/em ( gratuit\s in/ruction is (t5 ref]r$ to z "o ( ! exclusive boons ( ,prote/antism4 ,well1 9 h[ _m ( ! great c\ntries ( ! _w1 besides our own1 is su* a sy/em kn[n8 ,only 9 ,france & ,au/ria1 :i* are ,ca?olic1 & 9 ,prussia & ,scotl&1 :i* are ,prote/ant4 ,prote/ant ,engl& has done less = popul> education1 & has consequ5tly a m grossly ignorant peasantry ?an any o!r c\ntry on ! globe equally advanc$ 9 g5]al civilization4 ,h] great univ]sities & gramm>-s*ools are ! relics ( ,ca?olic f\ndations4 ,! half a million ( p\nds annual income :i* !y enjoy is drawn f ,ca?olic end[m5ts1 p]v]t$ f _! anci5t uses2 & x is e/imat$ t n m ?an ?ree-fif?s ( ?is sum is actually made available = educational purposes 9 any way :atev]4 ,s %amelessly h ^! legacies ( ! anci5t fai? be5 misappli$1 t !re are ma/]s draw+ l>ge sal>ies = presid+ ov] s*ools :i* h no s*ol>s1 & a few ye>s ago x 0 f\nd t ! tea*]s ( #gjh inf]ior s*ools & #ce gramm>-s*ools sign$ _! returns ) a m>k6 ,( late ! gov]nm5t has made ef=ts = a re=m1 & ! v>i\s diss5t+ sects h also done a great deal 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( d5om9ational s*ools2 b no g5]al sy/em ( popul> in/ruction has yet be5 devis$4 ,popul> education 9 fact is a purely ,ca?olic idea1 almo/ z old z ,*ri/ianity itself1 & ! g]m ( ! mod]n common-s*ool sy/em 0 9 ! bosom ( ! anci5t *ur*4 ,aft] ! introduction ( ,*ri/ianity1 says ,! ,am]ican ,cyclopa$ia1 7art4 ,common ,s*ools17 & its accession to p[]1 ! duty ( ! au?orities to educate ! "y 0 spe$ily recogniz$ by ! bi%ops & cl]gy4 ,! object ( ?is education 0 ( c\rse _! tra9+ 9 ! doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity1 b x 0 ! fir/ recognition ( ! duty ( giv+ in/ruction to ! masses4 ,z e>ly z ,a4,d4 #ebi we f9d ! c\ncil ( ,vaison recomm5d+ ! e/abli%m5t ( public s*ools4 ,9 #hjj a synod at ,m5tz ord]$ t ! p>o*ial prie/s %\ld h s*ools 9 ! t[ns & villages1 t '! little *ildr5 ( all ! fai?ful %\ld le>n lett]s f !m4 ,let !m receive & tea* ^! ) ! utmo/ *>ity1 t !y !mselves may %9e = ev]4 ,let !m receive no remun]ation f _! s*ol>s1 unless :at ! p>5ts ?r\gh *>ity may volunt>ily (f]4 ,a c\ncil at ,rome 9 #hcf orda9$ t !re %\ld be ?ree k9ds ( s*ools ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom3 episcopal1 p>o*ial 9 t[ns & villages1 & o!rs :]ev] !re c\ld be f\nd place & opportunity4 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,lat]an 9 #aagi orda9$ ! e/abli%m5t ( a gramm>-s*ool 9 e ca!dral = ! gratuit\s in/ruction ( ! poor4 #gbh ,?is ord9ance 0 enl>g$ & en=c$ by ! ,c\ncil ( ,lyons 9 #abde4 ,?us orig9at$ ! popul> or common s*ool z an outgr[? ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,a c\ncil ( ! #af? c5tury speaks ( s*ools 9 ! prie/s' h\ses1 & ! decretals ab\nd 9 m5tion ( popul> in/ruction z "o ( ! fir/ duties ( ! cl]gy & "o ( ! traditional & mo/ anci5t glories ( ! *ur*4 ,if ! important k ( read+ & writ+ 0 spread among ! p1 says ! sociali/ philosoph] ,/4 ,simon1 x 0 ow+ to ! *ur*4 ,if t k1 dur+ ! political & social disord]s ( ! middle ages became s difficult ( atta9m5t t only a favor$ few c\ld acquire x1 x 0 ! *ur* alone :o kept ! sacr$ flame ( le>n+ alive 9 ! s*ools & ! cloi/]s1 ma9ta9$ ! great univ]sities & gramm> classes 9 ! mid/ ( ! mo/ turbul5t p]iods2 & :5 society cry/alliz$ aga9 into ord]1 br\ght =? ! treasure ( k :i* %e _h gu>d$ s long1 & gave x to ! _w4 ,footnote #bgi ,footnote #bgi3 ,see ,! ,ca?olic ,_w = ,febru>y1 #ahfi-;art4 ,! ,ignorance ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,ne>ly all ! mo/ fam\s in/itutions ( le>n+ 9 ,europe are ( ,ca?olic f\ndation4 ,rome is especially well provid$ ) s*ools1 & ! ,roman ,college gives free in/ruction 9 ! classics & ! sci5ces4 ,& 9 ! face ( all ^! facts--kn[+ z he mu/ "k if he has /udi$ ! progress ( nations ) a p>ticle ( intellig5ce1 t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has be5 ! mo/ munific5t patron ( le>n+ ! _w ev] saw--,mr4 ,seaman has ! sublime effront]y to say t no ef=t has ev] be5 made 9 any ,ca?olic c\ntry to educate ! mass ( ! p or any ( ! common classes1 except "s few select$ by ! prie/s1 to be educat$ & tra9$ = ! m9i/ry1 & t ! great body ( ,ca?olics seem to be /udi\sly kept 9 pr(\nd ignorance1 t !y may be manag$ & gov]n$ ! m easily6 ,x seems to u x w\ld be a good & a j ?+ if ! p5alties aga9/ malpractice by :i* ! law protects ! m$ical pr(ession f ignorant *>latans c\ld be ext5d$ to ! pr(ession ( lit]ature4 ,!re is a graceful complim5t to ! lit]ature ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,mat!w ,arnold's essay on ,! ,pagan & ,m$iaeval ,religi\s ,s5tim5t4 ,= ! b5efit ( ,mr4 ,seaman & 8 class we cite ! passage ne>ly at full l5g?3 ,9 spite ( all ! %ocks :i* ! feel+ ( a good ,ca?olic has 9 ?is ,prote/ant c\ntry inevitably to und]go1 9 spite ( ! contemptu\s ins5sibility to ! gr&eur ( ,rome :i* he f9ds s g5]al & s h>d to be>1 h[ mu* has he to console him1 h[ _m acts ( homage to ! greatness ( 8 religion1 may he see if he has 8 eyes op56 ,i w tell him ( "o ( !m4 ,let him g1 9 ,london1 to t delightful spot1 t ,happy ,isl& 9 ,bloomsbury1 ! read+-room ( ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,let him visit its sacr$ qu>t]1 ! region :]e its !ological books are plac$4 ,i am almo/ afraid to say :at he w f9d !re1 = fe> ,mr4 ,spurgeon1 l a second ,caliph ,om>1 %\ld give ! libr>y to ! flames4 ,he w f9d an imm5se ,ca?olic "w1 ! collection ( ! ,abb ,migne1 lord+ x ov] t :ole region1 r$uc+ to insignificance ! feeble ,prote/ant =ces :i* hang ^u its skirts4 ,prote/antism is duly repres5t$1 inde$2 ,mr4 ,panizzi kn[s 8 bus9ess too well to suff] x to be o!rwise2 all ! v>ieties ( ,prote/antism are !re2 !re is ! libr>y ( ,anglo-,ca?olic ,!ology1 le>n$1 decor\s1 exempl>y1 b a little un9t]e/+2 !re are ! works ( ,calv91 rigid1 militant1 m5ac+2 !re are ! works ( ,dr4 ,*alm]s1 ! ,scot* ?i/le1 valiantly do+ duty z ! rose ( ,%>on1 b keep+ some?+ v ,scot* ab\t x all ! "t2 !re are ! works ( ,dr4 ,*ann+1 ! la/ ^w ( religi\s philosophy 9 a l& :]e e "o has "s culture1 & :]e sup]iorities are disc\nt5anc$--! fl[] ( moral & intellig5t m$iocrity4 #gbi ,b h[ are all ^! divid$ aga9/ "o ano!r1 & h[1 ?\gh !y 7 all unit$1 are !y dw>f$ by ! ,ca?olic levia?an1 _! neighbor6 ,maje/ic 9 its blue & gold unity1 ?is fills %elf aft] %elf & comp>tm5t aft] comp>tm5t1 its "r m\nt+ up into heav5 among ! :ite folios ( ! ,acta ,sanctorum1 its left plung+ d[n into hell among ! yell[ octavos ( ! ,law ,dige/4 ,ev]y?+ is !re1 9 t imm5se ,patrologiae ,cursus ,completus1 9 t ,encyclopdie ,?ologique1 t ,n\velle ,encyclopdie ,?ologique1 t ,troisime ,encyclopdie ,?ologique2 religion1 philosophy1 hi/ory1 biography1 arts1 sci5ces1 bibliography1 gossip4 ,! "w embraces ! :ole range ( human int]e/s2 l "o ( ! great middle-age ca!drals1 x is 9 itself a /udy = a life4 ,l ! net 9 ,scripture1 x drags ev]y?+ to l&1 bad & good1 lay & ecclesia/ical1 sacr$ & pr(ane1 s t x be b matt] ( human conc]n4 ,wide-embrac+ z ! p[] ^: product x is6 a p[]1 = hi/ory1 at any rate1 em95tly ! ,*ur*2 n1 ,i ?9k1 ! *ur* ( ! future1 b indisputably ! *ur* ( ! pa/1 & 9 ! pa/1 ! *ur* ( ! multitude4 ,?is is :y ! man ( imag9ation--nay1 & ! philosoph]1 too1 9 spite ( h] prop5sity to burn him--w always h a weakness = ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*2 because ( ! ri* treasures ( human life :i* h be5 /or$ )9 h] pale4 ,! m5tion ( o!r religi\s bodies1 or ( _! lead]s1 at once calls up 9 our m9d ! ?\ght ( m5 ( a def9ite type z _! adh]5ts2 ! m5tion ( ,ca?olicism sugge/s no su* special foll[+4 ,anglicanism sugge/s ! ,engli% ,episcopate2 ,calv9's "n sugge/s ,dr4 ,c&li%2 ,*alm]s's1 ! ,duke ( ,argyll2 ,*ann+'s1 ,bo/on ,society2 b ,ca?olicism sugge/s --:at %all ,i say8--all ! pellmell ( ! m5 & wom5 ( ,%akespe>e's plays4 ,?is abundance ! ,abb ,migne's collection fai?fully reflects4 ,p talk ( ?is or t "w :i* !y w\ld *oose1 if !y 7 to pass _! life ) only "o2 = my "p1 ,i ?9k ,i w\ld *oose ! ,abb ,migne's collection4 ,quicqnid agunt hom9es--ev]y?+1 z ,i h said1 is !re4 ,b ,mr4 ,seaman compla9s1 n only t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* neglects to tea* ! p1 b t %e neglects to let !m alone4 ,n only has %e nev] _h any s*ools1 b %e has _h too _m s*ools4 ,%e has tak5 no c>e ( education1 & moreov] %e has m$dl$ (fici\sly ) popul> in/ruction :5 %e ought to h conf9$ h]self to masses & s]mons4 ,! cl]gy1 be+ = long ages ! only tea*]s ( lett]s1 sci5ce1 philosophy1 & religion1 acquir$ an influ5ce ov] m5's conduct & op9ions :i* c only be reg>d$ z un=tunate4 ,yet1 a little :ile ago1 he said t 9 all conditions ( society ! majority ( mank9d are rul$ by ! ?\ghts & in/ructions ( o!rs1 & t education is "o ( ! mo/ important p>ts ( gov]nm5t4 ,is x bett] t ?is trem5d\s influ5ce %\ld be ex]t$ by ! wise/ & mo/ virtu\s class1 or by ^? :o are em95t only because !y are ! mo/ p[]ful8 ,if any set ( m5 are to m\ld ! op9ions ( ! re/1 %\ld !y n be ! m5 :o are be/ qualifi$ by /udy & by sacr$ pursuits to ex]cise t function ) intellig5ce & s9c]ity8 ,we believe t :5 ! *ild passes f ! h&s ( ! p>5t1 its be/ guides are ! s]vants ( ! *ur* :o h devot$ !mselves to ! tra9+ ( ! "y 9 ord] t !y may d good to _! fell[ creatures & give glory to ,god4 ,mr4 ,seaman w\ld entru/ ?is sacr$ duty to pot-h\se politicians1 :o covet (fice = ! sake ( ga94 ,! !ory ( a pat]nal gov]nm5t1 :i* wat*es ov] all our relations 9 life1 & re>s *ildr5 to be good citiz5s1 may be all v well2 b we "k :at gov]nm5ts are 9 practice1 & petty (fice-hold]s are ! la/ m5 we %\ld want to tru/ ) m\ld+ ! op9ions ( society4 ,!re is some?+ too demoraliz+ 9 ! means by :i* !y g5]ally get _! places2 &1 aft] !y h got !m1 h[ _m are fit = !m8 #gcj ,x is ! duty ( gov]nm5t to promote education & g5]al culture1 t is v true2 b h[ ?is ought to be done is ano!r "q4 ,mr4 ,seaman says ! prop] way is to remove *ildr5 f ! influ5ce ( ! two in/itutions :i* ,god has design$ = _! guides & educators--! family & ! *ur*--& to put !m "u ! control ( place-hunt]s1 :o may possibly h a special tal5t = in/ruction1 b are j z likely to be fools & rogues4 ,b he has no argum5ts to support 8 op9ions1 & x is n wor? :ile to answ] %e] dogmatism4 ,mr4 ,seaman is n satisfi$ ) once gravely decl>+ t 9 all ,roman ,ca?olic c\ntries education by means ( s*ools & books is conf9$ to ! weal?y classes1 & !n blam+ ! prie/s = int]f]+ ) ! secul> /udies ( ! p in/ead ( conf9+ !mselves to religi\s tea*+2 ass]t+ t ! ,*ur* has usurp$ ! :ole doma9 ( metaphysics & philosophy1 & yet t %e has nev] done any?+ = education at all2 prais+ ! ,presbyt]ians ( ,scotl& = mak+ s*ools a "p ( _! religi\s e/abli%m5t1 s t ! "y might be in/ruct$ 9 ! pr9ciples ( religion1 gramm>1 & ! ,lat9 tongue1 & upbraid+ ! *ur* because c5turies e>li] %e _h done ! same ?+2 b he returns "t & aga9 to ! same mis/atem5ts & ! same contradictions4 ,dur+ ! ,d>k ,ages1 he says1 com+ back aga9 to ! ,bible "q1 ! ,scriptures 7 9 ! possession ( ^? only :o 7 le>n$ 9 ! dead languages4 ,!y _h nev] be5 translat$ into any ( ! mod]n languages4 ,a good explanation ( ?is rem>kable fact may possibly be t ! mod]n languages1 at ! p]iod to :i* ,mr4 ,seaman ref]s1 _h n yet tak5 a lit]>y =m4 ,he probably means to say t ! sacr$ books _h n be5 translat$ into ! v]nacul> ( any p4 ,if he does1 he makes a great mi/ake4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! ,lat9 ,vulgate 0 by no means a seal$ volume4 ,t v]sion _h be5 made expressly to r5d] ! ,scriptures accessible to all4 ,! tongue into :i* x 0 turn$ 0 ! "o mo/ g5]ally und]/ood by :oev] _h education en\gh to read any book at all2 & dur+ ! s-call$ ,d>k ,ages1 ,lat9 0 /ill 9 common use all ov] ! cont95t ( ,europe4 ,x 0 n !n a dead language1 s f> z books 7 conc]n$1 ?\gh 9 ! conv]sation ( common life x _h pass$ out ( use4 ,moreov]1 z we h already se51 translations ( ! ,bible into o!r languages 7 made z fa/ z ^? languages took %ape4 ,translations ( ! ,new ,te/am5t 7 made v e>ly into all ! tongues !n spok5 by ,*ri/ians4 ,portions ( ! ,scriptures 7 turn$ into ,saxon by ,adhelm1 ,egb]t1 ! ,v5]able ,b$e1 & o!rs1 betwe5 ! #h? & #aj? c5turies2 & !re 0 a complete ,engli% v]sion z e>ly z #abij1 t is to say1 #ij ye>s be=e ,wycliffe's1 :i* ,hallam errone\sly calls ! e>lie/4 ,! fir/ book pr9t$ at ,gutt5b]g's press 0 a ,lat9 ,bible1 & 9 ,italy1 "u ! v eye ( ! *ur*1 !re 7 translations 9 use 9 ! #ae? c5tury4 ,! popul> fable t ,lu!r fir/ ?rew op5 ! sacr$ book to ! _w is "o ( ! mo/ mis*iev\s falsehoods 9 hi/ory4 ,on almo/ e page we f9d errors h>dly less mon/r\s4 ,n "o valuable inv5tion1 discov]y1 or improvem5t1 says ,mr4 ,seaman1 dur+ ! la/ ?ree c5turies & a half1 has orig9at$ :]e ! human m9d has be5 subject to ,ca?olicism 4444 & ! same may be said ( jurisprud5ce1 gov]nm5t1 & sci5ce1 z well z ! useful arts4 #gca ,! impud5ce ( ?is ass]tion is en\gh to take away "o's brea?4 ,france1 !n1 has done no?+ = ! arts or = sci5ce1 ,ca?olic ,g]many has done no?+1 ,belgium has done no?+1 ,italy has done no?+4 ,nay1 m2 if ! ,*ur* = ?ree hundr$ & fifty ye>s has blight$ mat]ial progress1 if ! ,ca?olic cl]gy dur+ t "t h1 z our amaz+ly ignorant au?or decl>es1 re/ra9$ ! human m9d f ! prosecution ( new discov]ies 9 natural sci5ce "u pret5ce t ! new op9ions promulgat$ 7 contr>y to ,scripture1 & !re=e impi\s & h]etical1 h[ does x happ5 t ! _w made any discov]ies at all be=e t p]iod8 ,:y1 does ,mr4 ,seaman =get t ! art ( pr9t+ itself1 ! greate/ inv5tion ( all "t1 dates f t d>k age :5 ! p[] ( ! ,*ur* 0 at its height1 & ,lu!r _h n yet aris51 & t its fir/ use 0 9 ! s]vice ( ! sanctu>y8 ,does he =get t ,cop]nicus 0 a ,ca?olic prie/8 t "s ( ! mo/ brilliant ( mod]n discov]ies 9 ! positive sci5ces1 9 a/ronomy1 9 m$ic9e1 9 natural philosophy1 h emanat$ f ,ca?olic ,italy & ,france1 & t ! sci5ce ( jurisprud5ce1 to :i* he especially ref]s1 owes m to ^? two c\ntries & ,g]many ?an to all ! re/ ( ! _w8 ,! case ( ,galileo1 to :i* ( c\rse he alludes1 has s rec5tly be5 exam9$ 9 two elaborate articles 9 ?is magaz9e t we ne$ give b little space to x "h4 ,x is en\gh to say t al?\gh ! ,flor5t9e philosoph] 0 =bidd5 to wre/ ,scripture to ! support ( 8 !ory1 & 0 c5sur$ = 8 disob$i5ce ( a solemn obligation to let !ology alone & conf9e himself to sci5ce1 ! ,*ur* /ood ?r\gh\t 8 patron & protector1 & ! ,pope & ! ,c>d9als 7 ! mo/ zeal\s among 8 disciples4 ,mr4 ,seaman's /atem5t t :5 ,galileo taught 9 ,italy ! ,cop]nican sy/em ( a/ronomy z late z ! ye> #afcc1 x 0 decid$ by ! ,,pope & a ,,c\ncil ,,( ,,ca?olic ,,c>d9als ,,& ,,bi%ops t ! doctr9e 0 absurd & h]etical1 & he 0 consign$ to ! dungeons ( ! ,,inquisition & compell$ to recant & abjure 8 op9ions 9 ord] to save 8 life1 7! capitals & ,italics are ,mr4 ,seaman's17 is a pla9 up-&-d[n falsehood4 ,!re is no ju/ification ( x 9 any reputable hi/ory4 ,! ,pope & a c\ncil ( ,ca?olic ,c>d9als & ,bi%ops nev] pron\nc$ any judgm5t :atev] ei!r ^u ,galileo or 8 doctr9es1 & nev] _h any?+ to d ) ! affair4 ,! judgm5t1 su* z x 01 express$ m]ely ! op9ion ( ! qualifi]s1 or exam9]s ( ! ,inquisition--an irresponsible committee atta*$ to a civil tribunal1 ^: report c>ri$ no !ological weight1 & no m repres5t$ ! doctr9e ( ! ,*ur*1 or ! s5tim5ts ( ,pope1 ,c>d9als1 & ,bi%ops ?an ! ,mun*aus5isms ( ,mr4 ,seaman repres5t ! sob] v]dict ( hi/ory4 ,! ,*ur* is n to be reproa*$ = ! blund]s ( h] individual memb]s4 ,moreov]1 ,galileo nev] 0 consign$ to ! dungeons ( ! ,inquisition1 & nev] 0 9 p]il ( 8 life4 ,! c\rse ( ,mr4 ,seaman's argum5t leads him to a sket* ( ! con/itution & hi/ory ( ! *ur*1 & "h he w&]s 9 su* a maze ( error1 t x is bewild]+ to foll[ him4 #gcb ,he tells u t ! ,pope & ! bi%ops h ! mo/ absolute & unlimit$ p[] ov] ! inf]ior cl]gy1 s5d+ !m :]ev] !y *oose1 & appo9t+ & remov+ !m at pleasure1 & t ! ,pope ex]cises simil> au?ority ov] ! bi%ops4 ,has our le>n$ hi/orian ev] he>d ( su* a ?+ z canon law1 :i* secures to ! inf]ior cl]gy a p]fect immunity f arbitr>y int]f]5ce by _! sup]iors1 & :i* is 9 =ce all ov] ! ,*ri/ian _w1 except 9 new c\ntries1 :]e ! *ur* is yet too "y to complete h] organization8 ,he tells u t ! *ur* inv5t$ & upholds ! doctr9e ( ! div9e "r ( k+s1 & tea*es t ! p are b\nd to submit passively "u all circum/ances1 & t no am\nt or cont9uance ( oppression & tyranny c ju/ify resi/ance or rebellion 9 any case :atev]4 ,all hi/ory contradicts ?is /atem5t--contradicts x s pla9ly t we c h>dly acc\nt = ! au?or's tem]ity4 ,if we _h ! pati5ce to read 8 book /raight ?r\gh1 we %\ld probably f9d him on "s o!r page blam+ ! ,popes = enc\rag+ rebellion & insurrection4 ,z x is1 he decl>es t ?is tyrannical & despotic doctr9e1 444 is ! "w ( ! cl]gy ( a comp>atively mod]n p]iod1 & z late z ! ye> #afhb ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d1 9 ,engl&1 adopt$ x4 ,we presume ,mr4 ,seaman is aw>e t ,ox=d ,univ]sity 9 #afhb 0 ,prote/ant4 ,he tells u t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is a cruel & p]secut+ *ur*1 & ref]s to ! p5al /atutes aga9/ h]esy1 :i* 7 9 =ce 9 ,engl&1 f ! #ad? to ! #af? c5tury1 & "u :i*1 dur+ ! reign ( ,que5 ,m>y1 sev]al hundr$ p]sons 7 burn$2 b he seems n to "k t all d5om9ations1 9 ^? cruel times1 p]secut$ "o ano!r imp>tially2 t ,h5ry ,,viii4 _h set ,m>y ! example1 & ,elizabe? 0 a wor?y foll[] ( h] fa!r & ,calv9 & ! cont95tal re=m]s 7 z bad z bloody ,m>y1 & ev5 ! ,prote/ant settl]s ( ,am]ica _h little conception ( ! pr9ciple ( religi\s fre$om1 until x 0 taught !m by ! ,ca?olics ( ,m>yl&4 ,he decl>es t ! p]secution ( h]etical sects dur+ ! #d?1 #e?1 & #f? c5turies1 & ! tyranny ( ! ecclesia/ical ari/ocracy 7 ! actual causes ( ! decl9e ( ! ,roman empire4 ,?is is too mu*6 ,:y1 ! comm5cem5t ( ! decl9e dates f ! second c5tury1 & ! ,roman asc5d5cy 0 entirely ov]?r[n by ! middle ( ! f\r?2 & dur+ ?is p]iod ( decay1 ! *ur* _h no p[] 9 ! /ate1 b 0 h]self p]secut$ & driv5 into ! d>kness ( cav]ns4 ,we h spok5 our m9d pla9ly ab\t ?is book1 because we ?9k x is "o ( a class t des]ve no m]cy4 ,a man :o sets himself to write hi/ory )\t consult+ ev5 ! ord9>y s\rces ( hi/orical in=mation commits an (f5ce aga9/ tru? & aga9/ society4 ,ignorance does n excuse him4 ,ignorance 9 su* a case is a crime4 ,( c\rse we d n suppose t ,mr4 ,seaman int5tionally makes false /atem5ts4 ,b he makes r&om /atem5ts :i* ! slighte/ exam9ation w\ld h satisfi$ him 7 false4 ,he 0 b\nd to und]take su* an exam9ation1 & n hav+ done x1 he be>s ! responsibility ( ! falsehood4 ,! passage we h already cit$ ab\t ,galileo is a good example ( :at we mean4 ,!re is no color ( au?ority = ! errone\s v]sion ( ! case :i* ,mr4 ,seaman gives4 #gcc ,he c\ld only h evolv$ t /ory out ( a vague impression t ! ,pope & ! ,c>d9als _h done "s v cruel & illib]al ?+ to ! philosoph]2 & he mu/ h put x into ! words he us$1 because he consid]$ ^? words effective 9 repres5t+ ! action ( ! *ur* 9 a black aspect4 ,b ! errors are v s]i\s ones4 ,!y am\nt to ! ass]tion t ! *ur* has decl>$ a sci5tific fact to be a !ological h]esy4 ,if ?is 7 true1 ! *ur* w\ld be no *ur*4 ,n be+ true1 ! words am\nt to a gross sl&]4 ,if ,mr4 ,seaman1 hav+ be5 educat$ 9 a prejudice aga9/ ,ca?olics1 & believ+ t !y are cruel & v9dictive p :o ought to be exclud$ f good society1 %\ld pr9t a pamphlet1 *>g+ ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,new ,york & 8 ,vic>-,g5]al1 & ! editors ( ,! ,tablet & ,! ,ca?olic ,_w ) a conspiracy to torture or murd] ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,prime1 ! fact t he ?\ght x probable ! accusation might be true1 w\ld be no ju/ification1 & w\ld n save him f ! consequ5ces ( a libel suit4 ,! au?or :o is guilty ( sl&] 9 writ+ ! hi/ory ( ! pa/1 _c be mulct$ 9 damages l ! crim9al :o c>elessly de/roys a private "*2 b he des]ves to be plac$ 9 ! pillory ( moral criticism & to be held z a lit]>y outlaw4 ---------- ,! ,sil5t ,clock4 ,its s\nds 7 hu%$ by weep+ love1 ,a sad he>t bade x cease to move1 ,& "o long h\r ( sorr[ prove4 ,a he>t & x did beat _! la/1 ,a trembl+ h& be=e x pass$1 ,& endless sil5ce on x ca/4 ,a spectre f ! sil5t l&s1 ,a %ad[ ( life's grief x /&s1 ,/ill plead+ ) uplift$ h&s1 ,^: awful /illness seems to say2 ,"h 0 ! clos+ ( 8 day-- ,"h 0 ! loos+ ( ! clay4 ,=get n "o1 ( old s de>1 ,lift up y\r he>ts = him 9 pray] ,z we are ev] lift$ "h4 #gcd ,x %ames ! s\l--t sil5t clock1 ,its m\rnful mut5ess seems to mock ,! love we ?\ght no ye>s c\ld %ock4 ,our sighs & te>s ( fond di/ress ,h *ang$ to smiles ( happ9ess ,x /&s un*ang$1 dumb1 motionless6 ,g]ald9e4 ---------- ,:o ,%all ,take ,c>e ,( ,our ,poor8 ,no4 ,,ii4 ,! po9t ( view 9 :i* we prop\nd ?is problem is t ( ! adequacy ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 by its organic in/itutions1 to c\nt]act1 9 ,am]ica1 ^? social & political ab]rations :i*1 9 ! ea/]n hemisph]e1 h develop$ & ma9ta9$ ! sc\rge ( paup]ism4 ,on ?is "q1 hi/ory is prophecy2 an incomplete prophecy1 yet conta9+ all ! pr9ciples ( action :i* a pla/ic intellig5ce & fre% inspiration f its f\nta9 life may enable ! *ur* to adapt to our pres5t exig5cies4 ,"u myriad =ms & faces1 paup]ism is ! sph9x t dev\rs e society :i* _c1 )9 a c]ta9 "t1 f9d its solution1 unless w>s h anticipat$ its fate4 ,result ( int]national w>s1 & s\rce ( inte/9e w>s--^? irruptions ( organiz$ crime--paup]ism is ! ulc] on ! leg ( civilization :i* betrays ! impurity ( its blood4 ,x behoves u on ! ?re%old ( ?is inquiry to di/+ui% betwe5 accid5tal impov]i%m5t1 & paup]ism z an organic malady1 :i* develops1 z 9 ,great ,brita91 p>i passu ) population & ev5 ) ! increase ( weal?4 ,an e>?quake deva/ates ,p]u1 pro/rates its cities & de/roys its h>ve/s3 its inhabitants suff] ! greate/ privations1 b hav+ ready access to ! soil 9 t prolific climate1 little or no *ronic paup]ism w result4 ,! :ite population ( our imm5se ,s\? has be5 rec5tly r$uc$ by w> to an extreme di/ress4 ,fl&]s1 ,g]many1 ,france1 ! mo/ prosp]\s c\ntries ( ,europe1 h be5 sc\rg$ /ill m sev]ely2 yet indu/ri\s g5]ations suffice to efface ! trace ( w>4 ,pe/il5ces1 :i* decimate ! population ( a c\ntry1 yet respect prop]ty1 & d n paup]ize ! survivors1 b ! contr>y2 = !y h fre] access to ! means ( production4 ,b :y is x t ,great ,brita9--! old mon>* ( ! seas1 ) h] pr$atory grasp on ! neck ( ! ,indies1 ) all h] /up5d\s ma*9]y ( production1 & fe>+ no enemy f abroad--is rott+ ) paup]ism amid peace & weal?1 p]i%+ l an old eagle1 condemn$ to />vation by ! excessive curvature ( 8 ov]lapp+ beak8 #gce ,behold our "m c\ntry1 %e ^: laws & in/itutions we are n[ 9 ! ma9 reproduc+1 %e ^: crimes aga9/ *>ity we reorganize by expos+ our soil to ! cupidity ( speculators1 ^: paup]ism we inh]it by emigration1 & ^: fate we mu/ %>e1 z c]ta9ly z ! same causes produce ! same effects1 unless we re=m 9 our y\?4 ,"o hope1 "o fai?1 "o pa? ( social salvation1 rema9s = u bo? & = all ! _w--namely1 coop]ative ,*ri/ian association1 t1 baffl+ pride & gre$1 re/ores to ! workman ! produce ( 8 "w1 & r5d]s ! practical love ( our neighbor ! means ( satisfaction = our own ne$s1 :e!r ( ! s5ses or ! s\l4 ,n[1 ,ro*dale & its k9dr$ co-op]ative ent]prises1 ^: success is s enc\rag+ 9 ,engl&2 ! masons & o!r artisan associations ( ,p>is1 l ! trades co-op]ations ( ,b>celona & ! old ,italian cities2 ev5 ! ,hanseatic ,league1 s mona/ic 9 its discipl9e--all proce$ 9 direct l9e f ! ,columbans1 ! ,ci/]cians1 & o!r religi\s ord]s ( ! ,b5$ict9e gr\p1 :o initiat$ ! agricultural ,*ri/ianity ( ,europe4 ,! se$ s[n 9 ! m$iaeval he>t did n rot amid t dissolution ( society :i* is call$ ! ,re=mation4 ,x has surviv$ ! oppressions ( ari/ocracy & capital no long] temp]$ by mona/ic ord]s2 x has surviv$ ! int]nec9e competition ( our mod]n prolet>iat2 & n[ ! same organic type1 "u new names1 puts =? its leaf1 buds1 blooms1 & fruits4 ,if we look1 says ,balmes1 at ! diff]5t sy/ems :i* f]m5t 9 m9ds devot$ to ! /udy ( paup]ism & its rem$ies1 we %all always f9d !re association "u "o =m or ano!r4 ,n[1 association has be5 at all times "o ( ! favorite pr9ciples ( ,ca?olicity1 :i*1 by proclaim+ unity 9 fai?1 proclaims unity 9 all ?+s4 ,if we exam9e ! religi\s in/itutions *>act]i/ic ( ,europe 9 its d>ke/ p]iod ( ignorance1 corruption1 & social dissolution1 we obs]ve t ! monks ( ! we/ 7 n cont5t ) sanctify+ !mselves2 f ! fir/ !y influ5c$ society4 ,society _h ne$ ( /rong ef=ts to pres]ve its life 9 ! t]rible crisis ?r\gh :i* x _h to pass4 ,! secret ( /r5g? is 9 ! union ( individual =ces1 9 association4 ,?is secret has be5 taught to ,european society z by a revelation f heav54 ,suffici5t att5tion has n p]haps be5 paid to ! m]it ( ! indu/rial organization1 introduc$ into ,europe f ! e>lie/ ages1 & :i* became m & m diffus$ aft] ! twelf? c5tury4 ,we allude to ! trades-unions & o!r associations1 :i*1 e/abli%$ "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,ca?olic religion1 _h pi\s f\ndations = ! celebration ( _! fea/s1 & = assi/+ ea* o!r 9 _! necessities4 ,we mu/ recognize "h t highly effective organizations ( labor _h tak5 root 9 ,europe1 ei!r by ! initiative ( ! religi\s ord]s1 7to :om ! nor? ow$ its civilization17 or 9 ! cong5ial atmosph]e ( ,ca?olicity2 t 9 ?is organization1 co-op]ation1 ! ,*ri/ian _s1 _h supplant$ or prev5t$ int]nec9e competition1 ! secul> _s2 t ?is sy/em ( labor r5d]$ paup]ism impossible & elevat$ ! work+ classes to a plane ( virtue1 ( dignity & prosp]ity else:]e unatta9$2 t x _h conqu]$ & kept its gr\nd aga9/ feudal oppression & aggression1 by a s]ies ( bloodless battles 9 :i* wisdom & pati5ce1 self-control & =e?\ght1 p]sev]ance & ! love ( honorable uses1 v9dicat$ ! political sup]iority ( ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple2 f9ally t x possess$ )9 itself vigor\s reproductive or propagative =ces1 & _h inde$ become ! manife/ de/9y ( ,europe at t epo* :5 s*ism 9 ! *ur* s[$ ev]y:]e hatr$s & discord1 & d5atur$ civilization1 sub/itut+ ! ideal ( individualism = t ( solid>ity4 #gcf ,h5ce1 incoh]5ce & de/ructive competition alike 9 ! m>ket z 9 ! *ur*4 ,= labor1 its result is paup]ism2 = piety1 despair4 ,besides ! religi\s motives :i* br\ght prop]ty into ! h&s ( ! monks1 !re is ano!r title1 rem>ks ,balmes1 :i* has always be5 reg>d$ z "o ( ! mo/ j & legitimate4 ,! monks cultivat$ wa/e l&s1 dri$ up m>%es1 con/ruct$ roads1 re/ra9$ riv]s )9 _! b$s1 & built bridges ov] !m4 ,ov] a consid]able portion ( ,europe1 :i* 0 9 a /ate ( rude nature1 ! mona/]ies f\nd$ "h & !re h be5 c5tres ( agriculture & ! arts ( social life4 ,is n he :o reclaims ! wild]ness1 cultivates x1 & fills x ) inhabitants1 wor?y ( pres]v+ l>ge possessions !re8 ,! religi\s & moral influ5ce ( ! monks contribut$ greatly1 9 e>ly ,european epo*s1 to ! respect ( prop]ty z well z p]sons aga9/ attacks :i* 7 s frequ5t 9 ! turbul5t ages succe$+ ! ov]?r[ ( ! ,roman empire by b>b>ian nations1 t 9 "s c\ntries almo/ e ca/le 0 a d5 ( robb]s1 f :i* its *ief ov]look$ ! c\ntry & salli$ =? to collect spoils4 ,! man :o is con/antly oblig$ to def5d 8 own is also con/antly l$ to usurp ! prop]ty ( o!rs3 ! fir/ ?+ to d to rem$y s great an evil 0 to locate & fix ! population by means ( agriculture1 & to accu/om !m to respect prop]ty1 n only by reasons drawn f private int]e/1 b also by ! sight ( l>ge doma9s belong+ to e/abli%m5ts reg>d$ z inviolable1 & aga9/ :i* a h& c\ld n be rais$ )\t sacrilege4 ,?us religi\s ideas 7 connect$ ) social ones1 & !y sl[ly prep>$ an organization :i* 0 to be complet$ 9 m peaceable times4 ,x is to ! protection af=d$ to f>m]s by ! mona/]ies 9 retir$ places t we owe ! dissem9ation ( ! p 9 rural di/ricts1 :i* w\ld h be5 o!rwise impossible4 ,^? :o h liv$ 9 a c\ntry convuls$ by w>1 l our ,s\?1 c be/ appreciate ?is4 ,mallet 7,hi/ory ( ! ,swiss1 vol4 i4 p4 #aje1 a ,prote/ant au?ority7 tells u t ! monks s(t5$ by _! in/ructions ! f]oci\s mann]s ( ! p1 & oppos$ _! cr$it to ! tyranny ( ! nobility1 :o knew no o!r occupation ?an w>1 & griev\sly oppress$ _! neighbors4 ,on ?is acc\nt ! gov]nm5t ( monks 0 pref]r$ to !irs4 ,! p s\ght !m = judges1 7t is1 z umpires47 ,x 0 a usual say+ t x 0 bett] to be gov]n$ by ! bi%op's crosi] ?an ! mon>*'s sceptre4 ,! k9dness & *>ities p]=m$ by ! religi\s ord]s1 rem>ks ,cobbett1 7,hi/ory ( ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation17 made !m objects ( great v5]ation1 & ! ri* made !m 9 "t ! *annels ( _! b5evol5ce to ! poor4 ,k+s1 que5s1 pr9ces1 pr9cesses1 nobles1 & g5tlefolk f\nd$ mona/]ies & conv5ts1 t is1 erect$ ! build+s & end[$ !m ) e/ates = _! ma9t5ance4 #gcg ,o!rs--"s 9 ! way ( atonem5t = _! s9s1 & "s f a pi\s motive1 gave :ile alive1 or bequea!d at _! dea?1 l&s1 h\ses1 or money to mona/]ies already erect$4 ,s t 9 "t ! mona/]ies became ! own]s ( great l&$ e/ates2 !y _h ! lord%ip ov] innum]able manors1 & _h a t5antry ( prodigi\s ext5t1 especially 9 ,engl&1 :]e ! mona/ic ord]s 7 always held 9 great e/eem1 9 consequ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity hav+ be5 introduc$ into ! k+dom by a community ( monks4 ,"o ( ! greate/ advantages att5d+ ! mona/]ies 9 ! political economy ( ! c\ntry 0 t !y ( necessity caus$ ! rev5ues ( a l>ge "p ( ! l&s to be sp5t on ! spot :5ce ^? rev5ues arose4 ,! hospitals & all ! o!r e/abli%m5ts ( ! k9d _h ! same t5d5cy1 s t ! rev5ues ( ! l& 7 diffus$ imm$iately among ! p at l>ge4 ,we all "k h[ ! /ate ( a p>i% *anges = ! worse :5 a great l&-own] quits 8 mansion 9 x1 & leaves t mansion %ut up1 & :at an effect ?is has ^u ! poor-rates4 ,:at1 !n1 mu/ h be5 ! effect ( tw5ty mona/]ies 9 e c\nty1 exp5d+ con/antly a l>ge "p ( _! incomes on ! spot8 ,if ,irel& _h /ill h] sev5 hundr$ or eight hundr$ mona/ic in/itutions1 !re w\ld be no p]iodical fam9es & typhus fev]s !re2 no ne$ ( sunset or sunrise laws %utt+ ! p up at night to prev5t insurrections2 no projects = prev5t+ ! increase ( families2 no s*emes = gett+ rid ( a surplus population2 no occasion = ! p to live on ?ird-rate potatoes--n en\gh1 at t2 = _! nak$ness1 _! hung]1 _! dy+ ( hundr$s ) />vation1 :ile _! ports are cr[d$ ) %ips c>ry+ provisions f _! %ores1 & :ile an army is f$ 9 ! c\ntry1 ! bus9ess ( :i* army is to keep ! />v+ p quiet4 ,sir ,walt] ,scott ?us exposes ! nons5se ( ! economi/s on ! non-influ5ce ( abs5teeism4 ,9 ! ye> #ahag1 :5 ! poor /ood s mu* 9 ne$ ( employm5t1 a fri5d ask$ ! ,duke ( ,buccleugh :y 8 grace did n prep>e to g to ,london 9 ! spr+8 ,by way ( answ]1 ! duke %[$ him a li/ ( labor]s !n employ$ 9 improvem5ts on 8 diff]5t e/ates2 ! numb] ( :om1 exclusive ( 8 regul> e/abli%m5ts1 am\nt$ to n9e hundr$ & =ty-sev5 m51 :o1 ) ^? ^: support dep5d$ on _! wages1 w\ld reckon sev]al ?\s&2 _m ( :om mu/ h f\nd x difficult to obta9 subsi/5ce _h ! duke n =egone ! privilege ( 8 rank 9 ord] to provide ) m conv5i5ce = !m4 ,! result ( su* conduct is twice bless$1 bo? 9 ! means :i* x employs & 9 ! end :i* x atta9s 9 ! g5]al economy ( ! c\ntry4 ,?is anecdote =ms a good answ] to ^? !ori/s :o pret5d t ! resid5ce ( proprietors on _! e/ates is1 a matt] ( indiff]5ce to ! inhabitants ( ! di/rict4 ,_h ! duke be5 resid+ & sp5d+ 8 rev5ues else:]e1 "o-half ( ^! poor p w\ld h want$ employm5t & food1 & w\ld probably h be5 little com=t$ by any metaphysical argum5ts ^u population :i* c\ld h be5 pres5t$ to _! inve/igation4 ,_m su* ?+s may be daily he>d1 says ,h[itt1 ( ! pres5t ,duke ( ,portl&4 #gch ,! monks1 ^: religi\s "* gave !m an extraord9>y security1 z !y 7 ! fir/ re/or]s ( agriculture1 s !y 7 ! fir/ improv]s ( our g>d5s4 ,_! long pilgrimage f "o holy %r9e to ano!r1 ?r\gh ,france1 ,g]many1 & ,italy1 made !m e>ly acqua9t$ ) a v>iety ( cul9>y & m$ic9al h]bs & v>i\s fruits1 & among/ ! ru9s ( abbeys we /ill f9d a tribe ( plants t !y h naturaliz$4 ,l+>d1 writ+ ( ! consequ5ces ( ! ,re=mation1 tells u t )9 ! realm pov]ty & discont5t g5]ally prevail$4 ,! ext5sion ( inclosures1 & ! new practice ( lett+ l&s at rack-r5ts1 _h driv5 f _! homes num]\s families ^: fa!rs _h occupi$ ! same f>ms = sev]al g5]ations1 & ! increas+ multitudes ( ! poor began to resort to ! m popul\s t[ns 9 se>* ( t relief :i* _h be5 =m]ly di/ribut$ at ! gates ( ! mona/]ies4 ,! re=mation prea*]s ( ! day--,knox1 ,lev]1 ,gilp91 ,latim]--av[ t ! suff]+s ( ! indig5t 7 treat$ ) indiff]5ce by ! h>d-he>t$ness ( ! ri*2 :ile1 9 ! pursuit ( ga91 ! mo/ b>efac$ frauds 7 ju/ifi$1 robb]s & murd]]s escap+ puni%m5t by ! p>tiality ( juries or corruptions ( judges4 ,!y tell u t *ur*-liv+s 7 giv5 to laym5 or conv]t$ to ! use ( ! patrons1 etc4 ,9 deal+ ) t %ameful paup]ism1 ! annual reports ( :i* r+ 9 ! e>s ( ! ,briti% gov]nm5t--m5e1 m5e1 tekel1 uph>s9 :i* presag$ ! fall ( ,babylon--x behoves u to di/+ui% ! victim poor & ! fight+ poor4 ,! fight+ poor exasp]ate ! evils ( pov]ty by ineffective insurrections aga9/ ! organiz$ gov]nm5t ( ! ri*4 ,prote/+ aga9/ inju/ice & maladm9i/ration by /rikes1 :i* !y _c su/a91 & :i* soon leave !m at ! m]cy ( ! employ]s !y h defi$1 !y provoke ! sev]ity ( ! laws by disord]ly conduct1 by poa*+1 robb]y1 arson1 etc41 necessitat+ ! ma9t5ance ( a num]\s & rigor\s police1 & ev5 ( /&+ armies4 ,^! )draw great numb]s f productive indu/ry1 & d\ble ! exp5ses ( gov]nm5t1 :i* mu/1 at la/1 be borne by ! work+ classes1 h[ev] indirect ! me?ods ( taxation4 ,x is true t ! ari/ocracy 9 comm& ( armies c\ld enri* ,engl& by ! spoil ( ,india1 or ,spa9 by t ( ,mexico & ,p]u2 b ^! ill-gott5 ga9s h curs$ alike ! robb] & ! robb$4 ,no c\ntry has ev] ma9ta9$ a real prosp]ity except by home production & ! cont5tm5t ( its produc+ classes4 ,! fight+ poor1 n organiz$ 9 armies "u ! discipl9e & pay ( gov]nm5ts1 b rema9+ an integral "p ( ! p1 are intimately leagu$ ) ! victim poor by family ties1 & ev5 by ! imm95ce ( a common fate1 s9ce a w\nd1 a fit ( illness1 a fraud1 ! prolong$ lack ( "w1 or o!r mis=tune1 may depress !m into paup]ism4 ,?is class ( poor is ! mo/ dang]\s elem5t ( a nation1 & co/s 9 wa/e & 9 precautions a great deal m ?an ! sum exp5d$ 9 paup] relief4 ,an adm9i/rative me?od :i* conciliates ?is class ) ! ri*1 ) ! e/abli%$ gov]nm5t & public ord]1 is evid5tly ma/] ( ! situation4 ,?is end has be5 a*iev$ by ! religi\s organization ( labor4 #gci ,:at ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* once did = ,engl&1 "u milit>y feudalism1 %e c d aga91 & m1 because ! pres5t f9ancial & indu/rial feudalism is pacific 9 its t5d5cies & susceptible ( be+ h>moniz$ ) ! int]e/s ( ! *ur* & ( labor by co-op]ative association2 :]eas ! =m] feudalism exi/$ = w>1 0 ess5tially oppos$ to ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity1 to ! honor ( productive indu/ry1 & ! prosp]ity ( ! p4 ,n[1 :at is cure = ,great ,brita9 may be prev5tion = ,am]ica1 :i* und]goes1 l ,engl&1 ! yoke ( indu/rial feudalism4 ,all[+ = ! category ( accid5ts1 = relief ne$$ by ! infirm1 etc41 va/ly ! l>g] proportion ( paup]ism rema9s to be prev5t$ by opportune employm5ts1 ( :i* ! soil s]ves z ! basis4 ,let ! religi\s ord]s reacquire ev]y:]e1 by all legitimate means1 ! control ( l>ge bodies ( l&1 :i* !y %all )hold f speculation1 :i* !y %all ei!r adm9i/rate by leases or by direct culture1 & on :i* !y %all e/abli% ! arts ( fabrication4 ,!n !y may subdue ! _w ) its own weapons1 comm&+ capital & labor1 conciliat+ !m 9 ,*ri/ian action1 & produc+ weal? )\t sacrific+ ! produc] to ! product4 ,!y w\ld lease f>ms or hire workm5 accord+ to local & tempor>y exp$i5cy1 b 9 ei!r case !y w\ld con/itute1 z ( old1 a bulw>k betwe5 ! p & speculators1 & !y w\ld reatta* ! masses by intimate h\sehold ties4 ,?is beg9s z ( old ) ! volunt>y assumption ( social burd5s1 especially ) ! c>e ( ! sick & infirm4 ,by organiz+ a high ord] ( attractive social life at its rural in/itutions1 :]e x is s mu* easi] to f9d heal?ful "w = ei!r sex & e age1 ! *ur* w c\nt]act t de/ructive fasc9ation :i* ! city n[ ex]ts ov] ! c\ntry-folk4 ,9 re/or+ & uphold+ an ord] ( yeomanry1 subject to its g5]al adm9i/ration ( agriculture1 b free 9 a scope ( action suffici5t to cont5t !m1 )9 a pr$et]m9$ plan1 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* w\ld c\nt]poise ! pres5t league ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& ) its ari/ocracy1 z its corporate philan?ropies w\ld c\nt]poise ! corporate selfi%ness ( simple bus9ess firms4 ,pursu+ ! noble initiative :i* ! ,jesuit ord] took 9 ! "w ( education1 especially 9 ,p>aguay1 x rema9s = ! *ur* to second ! views ( ,am]ican legislation 9 ! f\ndation ( art & labor-s*ools1 or agricultural & polyte*nic in/itutes1 = ! support ( :i* public l&s 7 appropriat$ 9 #ahdb1 al?\gh ,m9nesota alone has _h ! wisdom to prote/ aga9/ ! malv]sation ( ?is fund to ! comp>atively /]ile "w ( our common s*ools4 ,x is n by any means an unreasonable assumption t1 aft] a few ye>s ( exp]i5ce & discipl9e = ! tea*]s1 art & labor-s*ools1 embrac+ all ! dep>tm5ts ( rural & dome/ic economy ) religi\s & social tra9+1 may be made self-support+4 ,f t day _! popul>ity w be assur$1 & paup]ism w be well-nigh eradicat$1 toge!r ) ! vices & crimes :i* x eng5d]s4 ,! diploma ( su* an in/itution might conf] ei!r a lease ( l& or an appo9tm5t to "s (fice ( social use & pr(it4 ,! adm9i/ration ( ! s*ools & *>ities ( ! *ur* w\ld supply a great _m su* places4 #gdj ,we %all n ask :e!r x be n exp$i5t & j to oblige e family1 9 s f> z x may be compet5t1 to provide = its own poor1 because mod]n civilization has n ! patri>*al basis1 ! family has no su* collective unity or sub/antial exi/5ce among u1 z =m]ly 9 ,pale/9e1 or /ill 9 ! ,arab d\>4 ,at mo/ c ! family be held responsible = its m9ors1 s9ce its au?ority does n ext5d beyond ?is class2 b we rem>k t ! l>ge/ proportion ( paup]ism is due to ! neglect ( effici5t education dur+ ! ye>s ( m9ority2 s t ) ! actual population ( ! _w1 & ev5 9 ! mo/ ?ickly settl$ c\ntries1 !re ne$ be no su* ?+ z paup]ism1 if ! productive en]gies ( ! :ole p receiv$ dur+ *ildhood & y\? a practical direction2 :ile ! diplomas ( our labor & art-s*ools conf]r$ valid titles to ! use ( ! soil or o!r means ( remun]ative employm5t4 ,if to organize su* education = ! *ildr5 ( poor families be reg>d$ z beyond ! prov9ce ( our gov]nm5ts or secul> p[]s1 h[ mu* m extravagant mu/ ?is seem = ! *ildr5 ( ! ri*1 :o are1 h[ev]1 expos$ e day to become poor1 & ^: wa/eful idl5ess subtracts s mu* f ! possible res\rces ( mank9d8 ,is x n self-evid5t t ! influ5ce ( religi\s organizations has e advantage ov] secul> au?ority 9 re=m+ education :ile r5d]+ x univ]sal8 ,at once p]sonal & corporate1 !y c take an initiative :i* is refus$ to gov]nm5ts or :i* gov]nm5ts decl9e4 ,n[1 z 9 ! middle ages1 9 civiliz$ z 9 savage or b>b>\s /ates1 !y c re/ore to labor its religi\s honor1 !y alone c successfully combat ! idl5ess & vices ( fa%ionable dissipation1 !y c sub/itute ! arbitram5t ( ,*ri/ian equity = t ( fire & sword1 & :ile p\r+ oil on our tr\bl$ wat]s1 !y c tea* by example z well z by precept1 ^? :olesome re/ra9ts :i* prev5t ! increase ( a local population fa/] ?an ! means ( its subsi/5ce4 ,if paup]ism 9 ?is c\ntry is *iefly exotic1 x is none ! less real1 & none ! less afflictive or disa/r\s4 ,if an obvi\s rem$y exi/ 9 our va/ tracts ( unoccupi$ l&1 x is s mu* ! m urg5t to organize :ile direct+ ! tide ( emigration by ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,by coloniz+ emigrants "u ! guidance ( religi\s ord]s we obviate ! tw(old evils ( _! paup]ism & _! isolation4 ---------- ,! ,iliad ,( ,hom]4 ,r5d]$ ,into ,engli% ,blank ,v]se ,by ,edw>d1 ,e>l ,( ,d]by4 ,x is our cu/om1 or t ( our "t1 to decry classical education4 ,we h a "r to d s1 no d\bt1 if our unfavorable judgm5t reg>d+ x is bas$ ^u a correct & intellig5t e/imate ( its value1 z a me?od ( tra9+ ! y\?ful m9d & ( discipl9+ ! intellect by ! ex]cise ( its nasc5t p[] ^u works ( model ta/e & unrivall$ elegance4 ,submitt+ classical education to ?is te/1 we _c glibly jo9 9 ! outcry aga9/ x ( ^? :o see 9 x only a process = acquir+ a k ( ,greek & ,lat9 words1 ( no e>?ly use to ! possessor or to anybody else4 #gda ,nei!r1 on ! o!r h&1 w\ld we1 ^u su* te/1 accept x z ! only canon ( lib]al education1 to ! exclusion ( o!rs t may s]ve ! purpose ( in/ruction ) m practical advantage4 ,we w\ld fa9 (f] ,e>l ,d]by's translation ( ! ,iliad z an example1 accord+ to our notion1 ( ! practical process to be foll[$ 9 /udy+ ! classic au?ors 9 ord] to pr(it by _! beauty1 & ( ! gifts ! m9d receives f ! cultivation ( classic lit]ature4 ,n a poet himself1 ! noble "l has imbib$ into 8 own pla/ic m9d ! conceptions ( ! sov]eign poet 9 all _! poetic beauty & s]5e gr&eur1 & reproduces !m = ! ,engli% read]1 %apely m\ld$1 n di/ort$ nor disfigur$4 ,we %all n ent] into a comp>ison ( 8 translation ) t ( ,pope or ,c[p]1 nei!r %all we discuss ! fitness ( ! metre he has adopt$4 ,8 own translation1 if argum5t 7 want$1 w\ld compel u to agree ) him t he has select$ t metre be/ suit$ = r5d]+ ! ,hom]ic poem into ,engli% v]se1 & we give him our he>ty accord 9 8 condemnation ( ! ,engli% hexamet]-- a lumb]+ rhy?m1 n inaptly comp>$1 by "s au?or1 to ! noise ( pumpk9s roll+ on a b>n-floor4 ,we %all m]ely %[1 by a few extracts1 h[ he has succe$$ 9 reproduc+ ! conceptions ( ! poem1 & h[ happily he has caught1 )\t imp>t+ any admixture ( mod]n s5tim5t1 ! fl[+ /yle 9 :i* ! poet p\rs =?1 z x 71 )\t draw+ brea?1 8 gr& melodi\s /ra94 ,8 translation is n a dead ca/1 b a copy1 & a copy in/9ct ) life4 ,8 task 0 n an easy "o2 & :5 we reflect ^u 8 life & em95t /ation1 we _c help ?9k+ t to ord9>y m5 ! difficulty w\ld be mu* enhanc$ !reby4 ,/ill1 x r$\nds ! m to ! honor ( ,engli% s*ol>%ip & ,engli% /atesman%ip1 t ! =emo/ among its orators & /atesm51 :o1 = m ?an a qu>t] ( a c5tury1 has borne a l>ge %>e ( ! weighty affairs ( a va/ empire2 :o by 8 tal5ts has help$ to solve ! ?\s& vex$ que/ions ( mod]n politics & re=m1 c\ld1 dur+ leisure1 )draw 8 m9d f ! absorb+ int]e/s ( ! political ar5a1 & all[ x to repose on ! sublime naturalness ( ! ,iliad1 & float 9 placid unison ) ! s]5e gr&eur ( ,hom]'s song4 ,?\gh ! translation is truly ,hom]ic1 yet1 wr\ght z x is ) _s & g5ius1 x be>s 9 x some?+ ( ! m9d x spr+s f4 ,! read] w n fail to discov] 9 ! e*o ( ! ,iliad1 s fai?fully reflect$ 9 its purity1 natural fre%ness1 & vigor1 some?+ ( t spl5did eloqu5ce he>d amid /rife z angry & z fi]ce z rag$ betwe5 ,agamemnon & ,a*illes4 ,9 giv+ quotations1 we %all omit ^? f9] passages t are famili> to mo/ read]s1 su* z ^? well-kn[n passages ( ! ,?ird ,book1 ) _! beautiful similes1 t describe ! ,greeks assembl+ & pass+ 9 review be=e _! lead]s4 ,on ^! _m a y\?ful & full-gr[n b>d has tri$ 8 skill2 b nev] h we se5 !m s beautifully r5d]$ z 9 ! translation be=e u4 ,we select = our read]s1 fir/1 t picture 9 ! ,f\r? ,book1 9 :i* all ! rag+ elem5ts ( battle are ?rong$ toge!r--! madd5+ v5geance1 ! wra?1 ! fury ( ho/ile ranks 9 ! horror ( collision--& :i* comm5ces ) ! description ( #gdb ,discord unappeas$1 #ejd ,( blood-/a9$ ,m>s ! si/] & ! fri5d2 ,) humble cre/ at fir/1 anon h] head1 ,:ile yet %e treads ! e>?1 affronts ! skies4 ,! gage ( battle 9 ! mid/ %e ?rew1 ,/rode ?r\gh ! cr[d & woe to mortals wr\ght1 ,:5 to _! mid/ !y came1 toge!r ru%$ #eaj ,buckl]s & lances1 & ! furi\s might ,( mail-clad w>riors2 bossy %ield on %ield ,clatt]$ 9 conflict2 l\d ! clamor rose4 ,!n rose two m+l$ %\ts & groans ( m5 ,slay+ & sla92 ! e>? ran r$ ) blood1 #eac ,z :5 desc5d+ f ! m\nta9's br[1 ,two w9try torr5ts f _! copi\s s\rce ,p\r d[nw>d to ! n>r[ pass1 :]e meet ,_! m+l$ wat]s 9 "s deep rav9e1 ,_! weight ( flood2 on ! f> m\nta9 side #ebj ,! %eph]d he>s ! ro>2 s l\d arose ,! %\ts & yells ( ^? comm+l+ ho/s4 ,no?+ c give a bett] idea ( ! p[] ( ! translator ?an ! mann] 9 :i* he has compress$ ?is passage1 ) its bewild]+ ?rong ( elem5ts1 into ! same numb] ( l9es z ! orig9al4 ,we miss none ( ! simple gr&eur1 none ( ! directness1 none ( ! ev51 rapid movem5t s *>act]i/ic ( ,hom]4 ,!re is no importation ( :at belongs n to ,hom] into x1 no amplification1 no turn+ aside f ! object1 or indirectness 9 introduc+ & depict+ e incid5t 9 ! picture4 ,x is ,hom]'s /ra92 gr&1 rapid1 & simple4 ,a few l9es fur!r on we h "o ( ^? beautiful images by :i* ! poet has a fondness = describ+ ! fall ( 8 "y h]oes4 ,depict+ ! dea? ( ! /ripl+ ,simoisius1 he s+s3 ,prone 9 ! du/ he fell2 #eeb ,z "s tall popl>1 gr[n 9 m>%y mead1 ,smoo?-/emm$1 ) b\ghs up-spr++ t[>d ! head4 ,aga9 ( "y ,gorgy?ion1 9 ! ,eigh? ,book3 ,d[n sank 8 head1 z 9 a g>d5 s9ks ,a rip5$ poppy *>g$ ) v]nal ra9s2 #cej ,s sank 8 head b5ea? 8 helmet's weight4 ,& ( ,asius1 9 ! ,?irte5? ,book3 ,he fell z falls an oak1 or popl> tall1 ,or l(ty p9e4 ,^! passages are plac$ toge!r z conta9+ "s ( ! poet's favorite & beautiful images1 & z %[+ h[ happy ! translator has be5 9 r5d]+ !m ) tru?fulness to _! natural grace4 ,e>l ,d]by is n less successful 9 reproduc+ ! deep t5d]ness & mov+ pa?os t =m a conspicu\s feature ( ! ,iliad4 ,we quote f ! ,six? ,book1 f ! affect+ sc5e betwe5 ,hector & ,&roma*e2 b1 in/ead ( ,&roma*e's words1 s well kn[n ?r\gh ,pope's translation1 we give ! answ] ( ! noble ,hector1 ! h]o ( ! ,iliad1 9 :i*1 ) s\l-felt t5d]ness1 he seeks to console 8 despond+ wife3 ,footnote #bhj ,footnote #bhj3 ,to illu/rate :at we mean by ! directness1 simplicity1 & ev5 rapid movem5t ( ,hom]'s v]se1 we cite "h f a popul> ,engli% poet an extract :i*1 ?\gh n a p>allel to ! above1 is some:at k9dr$2 x is ! fir/ at h&1 & w s]ve our purpose4 ,tru/ me1 :atev] fate my s\l may gall1 ,?\ at ?y woman's *oice %all ne'er rep9e4 ,tru/ me1 :atev] /orm on me may fall1 ,?is man's true he>t %all w>d ! bolt f ?9e4 ,h>k1 :]e ! bird f yon d>k ilex brea!s ,s\l into night s be ?y love to me2 ,look1 :5 ar\nd ! bird ! ilex wrea!s ,/ill %elt]+ b\ghs1 s be my love to !e6 ,o dwell] 9 my he>t6 ! music ?9e2 ,& ! deep %elt]--wilt ?\ scorn x8 m9e4 ,x w be obs]v$1 9 read+ ^! exquisite l9es1 h[ complex is ! web ( ?\ght2 h[ ! arti/1 z x 71 l+]s to "w into x embroid]y ( words & images borr[$ f =eign objects4 ,9 ,hom] !re is no?+ b ! natural artless fl[ ( feel+2 ! ev5 movem5t1 z x spr+s f ! s\l1 is n cross$ by %ad[ or image f any o!r object1 nor does x div]ge ?is way or t to borr[ ( o!r s\rces 9 metaphor or comp>ison1 tone1 color1 or pa?os4 ,! movem5t 9 ,hom] is natural1 direct1 ev51 rapid2 & yet ?is natural1 simple1 deep gu% ( feel+ pres5ts to u a mo/ tru?ful1 t\*+1 & expressive picture ( a s\l ov]:elm$ ) t5d] love & sorr[ comm+l$1 b fac+ ! /]n task ( duty4 ,?9k n1 de> wife1 t by su* ?\ghts z ^! #eab ,my he>t has ne'er be5 wrung2 b ,i %\ld blu% ,to face ! m5 & long-rob$ dames ( ,troy1 ,if1 l a c[>d1 ,i c\ld %un ! fight4 ,nor c\ld my s\l ! lessons ( my y\? ,s f> =get1 ^: boa/ x /ill has be5 ,9 ! =efront ( battle to be f\nd1 ,*>g$ ) my fa!r's glory & m9e own4 ,yet 9 my inmo/ s\l too well ,i "k #ebj ,! day mu/ come :5 ?is our sacr$ ,troy1 ,& ,priam's race1 & ,priam's royal self1 ,%all 9 "o common ru9 be o'er?r[n4 ,b n ! ?\ghts ( ,troy's imp5d+ fate1 ,nor ,hecuba's1 nor royal ,priam's woes1 #ebe #gdc ,nor loss ( bre?r51 num]\s & brave1 ,by ho/ile h&s laid pro/rate 9 ! du/1 ,s deeply wr+ my he>t z ?\ghts ( !e1 ,?y days ( fre$om lo/1 & l$ away ,a weep+ captive by "s brass-clad ,greek4 #ecj ,haply 9 ,argos1 at a mi/ress' beck1 ,condemn$ to ply ! loom1 or wat] draw ,f ,hyp]eia's or ,messais' f\nt4 ,he>t wrung1 by /]n necessity con/ra9$1 ,!n !y :o see ?y te>s p]*ance may say1 #ece ',lo6 ?is 0 ,hector's wife1 :o1 :5 !y f\ght ,on pla9s ( ,troy1 0 ,ilium's brave/ *ief6' ,?us may !y speak1 & ?us ?y grief r5ew ,= loss ( him :o might h be5 ?y %ield ,to rescue !e f slav]y's bitt] h\r4 #edj ,oh6 may ,i sleep 9 du/ ere be condemn$ ,to he> ?y cries & see !e dragg$ away4 ,! op9ion ( ,"l ,d]by's oratory1 ent]ta9$ on ?is side ( ! ,atlantic1 may tempt ^? :o admire x to ?9k t 9 ?is translation 8 spl5did eloqu5ce & vigor\s language w\ld h _! fitt+ scope 9 depict+ ! sc5es ( camp & field1 9 transmitt+1 lifelike1 ^? angry enc\nt]s 9 ! c\ncils ( gods & m52 b1 t ! mo/ t5d] & delicate tones ( human feel+ are n ali5 to 8 spee*1 is amply prov$ by ! l9es we h quot$4 ,! same deep *ord ( feel+ is /ruck by ! words & modulations ( ?is beautiful passage t vibrates 9 ! pa!tic language & melody ( ! ,ionian b>d4 ,we add ano!r ( ^? magnific5t incid5ts ( ! ,iliad1 :]e ! /ruggle ( w>riors on ! v br9k ( battle is s gr&ly describ$ by ! poet4 ,9 ! ,?irte5? ,book1 ! ,greeks1 closely mass$ "u ! ,ajaces1 ,wait$ ! ,trojan *>ge1 by ,hector l$ ,spe> close to spe>1 & %ield by %ield o'erlaid1 ,buckl] to buckl] press$1 & helm to helm1 ,& man to man1 ! horse-hair plumes above1 ,t nodd$ on ! w>riors' glitt]+ cre/s1 ,ea* o!r t\*$1 s closely mat*$ !y /ood4 ,backw>d1 by _m a /alw>t h&1 7 drawn ,! spe>s1 9 act to hurl2 _! eyes & m9ds ,turn$ to ! front & eag] = ! fray4 ,on p\r$ ! ,trojan masses2 9 ! van ,hector /raight =w>d urg$ 8 furi\s c\rse3 ,z "s huge b\ld]1 f its rocky b$ ,deta*$1 & by ! w9try torr5t's =ce ,hurl$ d[n ! cliff's /eep face1 :5 con/ant ra9s ,! massive rock's firm hold h und]m9$1 ,) giant b\nds x flies2 ! cra%+ wood ,res\nds b5ea? x1 /ill x hurries on1 ,until1 arriv+ at ! level pla91 ,its headlong impulse *eck$1 x rolls no m2 ,s ,hector1 ?reat5+ n[ ?r\gh %ips & t5ts ,ev5 to ! sea to =ce 8 murd]\s way1 ,anon1 confront$ by t phalanx firm1 ,halts close be=e x4 ,?is truly f9e passage is ! p]fection ( ,hom]ic poetry4 ,we d\bt if p5 or bru% has ev] produc$ a picture ab\nd+ s mu* 9 life & action4 ,! m>vell\s comb9ation ( objects pres5t$ to view 9 ^! l9es1 ea* height5+ ! effect ( ! o!r1 & all bl5d+ into "o tumultu\s action1 /irr$ by ! fi]y _s ( w>1 gives u a gr& & t]rific picture4 ,9 read+ x1 ) almo/ ! noise & d9 & ! fray ( w>r+ m5 r++ 9 ! words employ$ 9 ! translation1 we feel z if we _h nev] be=e be5 enabl$1 by any ,engli% v]sion1 to ent] into ! full _s ( ,hom] himself4 ,we give a la/ quotation f ! clos+ sc5e ( ! poem1 :]e ! cry ( m\rn+ ,troy is rais$ ov] ! lifeless body ( its brave def5d]4 ,! wail ( 8 wife & ( 8 "m has be5 he>d2 b !re rema9s "o o!r1 ! beaute\s ,hel51 ^: fatal *>ms _h delug$ ! pla9s ( ,troy ) blood1 _h inflict$ on ! lifeless h]o on :om %e n[ gazes 9 sadness _m a day ( toil & _m an h\r ( pa91 & n[ _h cr[n$ ! heap ( ,ilium's sorr[s ) ?is la/ sc5e ( woe4 ,h] words ( love comm+l$ ) self-reproa*1 are ! highe/ tribute ! poet c\ld pay1 9 8 clos+ v]se1 to ! h]o :om1 ?r\gh\t 8 song1 he end[s ) all ! noble/ traits ( son1 ( patriot1 ( bro!r1 & ( husb&4 ,hector1 ( all my bre?r5 de>e/ ?\6 ,true1 godlike ,p>is claims me z 8 wife1 ,:o bore me hi!r--w\ld ,i !n _h di$6 ,b tw5ty ye>s h pass$ s9ce "h ,i came ,& left my native l&2 yet ne'er f !e #hie ,i he>d "o scornful1 "o degrad+ ^w4 ,& :5 f o!rs ,i h borne reproa*1 ,?y bro!rs1 si/]s1 or ?y bro!rs' wives ,or "m1 7= ?y sire 0 ev] k9d ,ev5 z a fa!r17 ?\ ha/ *eck$ !m /ill ,) k9dly feel+ & ) g5tle words3 ,= !e ,i weep1 & = myself no less2 ,= ?r\gh ! bread? ( ,troy1 none love me n[1 ,none k9dly look on me1 b all abhor4 #gdd ,9 ! portions ( ,"l ,d]by's translation we h "h giv51 we h n select$ :at are univ]sally reg>d$ z ! mo/ beautiful passages ( ! poem4 ,we h select$ su* passages z f _! cr[d$ incid5ts1 _! bewild]+ ?rong ( objects1 _! rapid succession ( sc5es or deep & t5d] pa?os1 appe>$ to u ! mo/ difficult = ! translator to reproduce4 ,we d\bt if !re be a /ud5t ( ,hom] :o w fail to f9d !m a transcript ( ! poet's mean+1 ) almo/ lit]al exactness1 z well z a copy ( ! g5ius & _s ( ! poem4 ,we _h purpos$ select+ "s passages :i* w\ld give our read]s a sample ( 8 mann] ( r5d]+ ! ,hom]ic epi!ts4 ,! beauty ( ! few occurr+ 9 ! above extracts w n escape !m4 ,/ud5ts ( ,hom] are aw>e h[ con/antly he app5ds di/9ctive epi!ts to p]sons1 ?+s1 & places4 ,to translate ^! :]ev] !y occur w\ld give a /range1 unnatural ca/ to ! poem4 ,! ,engli% language1 n l ! pla/ic ,greek1 c\ld n be> along ! burd5 ( !m2 besides1 _m ( !m w\ld require an awkw>d p>aphrase1 :i* w\ld only add words1 n vividness or di/9ctness1 to ! ?\ght ( ! poet4 ,"l ,d]by has wisely & discrim9ately dealt ) ^!2 :5 he r5d]s !m1 he does s ) s mu* exactitude & expressive =ce1 t we feel rise )9 u1 at ?is late h\r1 a sigh ( regret t we _h n at our h& 8 v]sion ( !m1 :5 we 7 /ud5ts ( ,hom]4 ,9 read+ ! translation ?r\gh1 we _c say :]e we w\ld h an epi!t add$ t has be5 omitt$1 or :]e we w\ld h /rick5 x out :]e x has be5 pres]v$4 ,we said t ! translation is a copy ( ! ,iliad--a copy produc$ ) g5ius & _s4 ,x w be read ) pleasure by ! classical s*ol>1 to :om x w recall 9 _! fre%ness & gr&eur ! sc5es ( t poem :i* *>m$ him 9 ye>s long pa/4 ,x w be welcom$ by ! g5]al read]1 :o has n be=e ta/$ ! *>ms ( ,hom]'s song1 & :o w gratefully ackn[l$ge x z a new treasure to ! /oreh\se ( ,engli% lit]ature4 ,9 x--& 9 ! life ( ! noble au?or1 ^: devot$ness to classical lit]ature c\ld n h liv$ ?r\gh 8 busy political life1 did he n 9 8 own inw>d consci\sness ev] f9d ! great b5efit & elegant pleasure he _h ga9$ f x--is furni%$ = ! public at l>ge ! /ronge/ argum5t we "k aga9/ bani%+ classical education f our s*ools & colleges4 ---------- #gde ,l9es writt5 by ,!odulphus4 ,translat$ ,f ,! ,lat94 ,l9es ,writt5 ,by ,!odulphus1 ,bi%op ,( ,orleans1 ,a4,d4 #hbj1 ,9 ,a ,copy ,( ,! ,holy ,scriptures1 ,transcrib$ ,by ,8 ,own ,h&4 ,light ( ,god's law6 dive/+ e>? ( gloom1 ,m :ite ?an sn[s1 m bright ?an />ry skies1 ,b5ea? ^: radiance good & virtue bloom-- ,f :om all error flies4 ,ble/ ^w ( ,god6 gift ( t wisdom1 :5ce ,spr+s life & light6 :at wor? exce$s ?y wor?8 ,^w t excels all words 9 s\nd & s5se ,z heav5 excels ! e>?4 ,:ate'er ( wond]s human arts h taught ,h "h _! f\nta9--h5ce d]ive _! =ce2 ,( all ! gr& a*ievem5ts ( man's ?\ght ,"h wells ! liv+ s\rce4 ,by day1 by night "h m$itate1 "h s*ool ,to hol9ess ?y h&s1 & lips1 & s\l3 ,?\ rule/ o!rs--be ?is book ! rule ,t %all ?yself control4 ,?is %>] ( ?y c\*--joy ( ?9e eyes1 ,clasp$ 9 ?y arms & on ?y knees %all re/2 ,?y wat*] :5 s(t slumb] on !e lies-- ,?y e>lie/ morn+ gue/4 ,be n = k only ?y desire2 ,9 virtue's pres5ce le>n+'s light is dim3 ,de$s & n words ! ,almighty w require-- ,yet (f] bo? to him4 ,by ceaseless /udy le>n1 by actions tea*1 ,untir+ seek = ,wisdom's pa?way "h4 ,?is m$itate1 a light ?y he>t w rea*1 ,& make all fair & cle>4 ,:o walks a tangl$ =e/'s bri]y way ,by frequ5t tread+ makes x broad & pla94 ,& :at ! quick m9d w9s f day to day1 ,sl[ /udy do? reta94 ,c4 ,e4 ,b4 ---------- #gdf ,f ,! ,fr5* ,( ,erckmann ,& ,*atrian4 ,! ,invasion2 ,or1 ,yeg( ,! ,fool4 ,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,j]ome ( ,sa9t-,quir9 _h made good 8 retreat ^u ! f>m-h\se4 ,:o goes !re8 cri$ ! s5tries1 z ! p>ty approa*$4 ,p ( ! village ( ,*>mes1 repli$ ,m>c-,dives 9 8 voice ( ?und]4 ,!y 7 recogniz$ & all[$ to pass4 ,! h\se 0 sil5t2 a s5t9el ) %\ld]$ arms pac$ 9 front ( ! b>n1 :]e ?irty p>tisans 7 sleep+ ^u ! /raw4 ,ca!r9e1 at sight ( ! great d>k ro(s1 ! old %$s1 ! /ables1 ! anci5t dwell+ :]e h] y\? _h pass$1 :]e ! peaceful & labori\s lives ( h] fa!r & h] gr&fa!r _h tranquilly glid$ away1 ! home :i* %e 0 p]haps ab\t to leave = ev]1 felt a t]rible pa9 at h] he>t2 b %e spoke n ( x1 & spr++ f ! sl$ge1 z %e _h (t5 done be=e on h] return+ f m>ket1 %e said3 ,come1 ,l\ise1 we are home at la/2 ?anks to ,god4 ,old ,du*5e _h pu%$ op5 ! door1 cry+1 ,x is ,madame ,lefevre6 ,yes1 x is we4 ,any news f ,jean-,claude8 ,no1 madame4 ,!n e "o ent]$ ! huge kit*54 ,a few coals yet gl[$ ^u ! he>?1 &1 "u ! imm5se1 ov]hang+ *imney-piece1 ,j]ome ( ,sa9t-,quir9 0 seat$ 9 ! %ad[1 9 8 great-coat2 8 long-po9t$ r$ be>d hang+ on 8 brea/2 8 ?ick /aff betwe5 8 knees1 & 8 rifle lean+ aga9/ ! wall4 ,ha6 good morn+1 ,j]ome6 cri$ ! old woman4 ,good morn+1 ,ca!r9e6 answ]$ ! grave & solemn *ief ( ,grossmann4 ,y come f ,donon8 ,yes4 ,?+s are go+ ill !re1 my poor ,j]ome4 ,! ,kais]liks attack$ ! f>m-h\se :5 we left ! plateau4 ,we c\ld see only :ite coats on e side4 ,!y began to cross ! abatis-- ,!n y ?9k ,hull9 w be =c$ to ab&on ! road8 ,x is possible1 inde$1 if ,pivrette does n come to 8 assi/ance4 ,! p>tisans _h ne>$ ! fire4 ,m>c-,dives b5t ov] ! coals to light 8 pipe2 z he rose1 he cri$3 ,j]ome1 ,i ask only "o ?+ ( y2 ,i "k t !y f\ght well :]e y comm&$-- ,!y did _! duty1 int]rupt$ ! %oemak]2 sixty m5 lie /ret*$ on ! side ( ,grossmann1 :o w be> witness to x on ! judgm5t-day4 ,yes2 b :o guid$ ! ,g]mans8 ,!y nev] c\ld f9d ( !mselves ! pass ( ,blutfeld4 ,x 0 ,yeg(--! fool ,yeg(1 repli$ ,j]ome1 & 8 gray eyes1 surr\nd$ ) deep wr9kles & ?ick :ite la%es & br[s1 glitt]$ ?r\gh ! d>kness4 ,are y v sure ( x8 ,lab>be's m5 saw him asc5d1 lead+ ! o!rs4 #gdg ,! p>tisans gaz$ at ea* o!r ) angry looks4 ,at ! same mom5t1 ,doctor ,lorqu91 :o _h rema9$ )\t to unh>ness 8 horse1 pu%$ op5 ! door1 cry+3 ,! battle is lo/6 ,"h are our m5 f ,donon4 ,i h he>d ,lag>mitte's horn4 ,x is easy to imag9e ! feel+s ) :i* ?is news 0 receiv$4 ,e "o ?\ght ( p>5t1 fri5ds1 :om p]haps he 0 nev] m to see1 & all :o 7 9 ! kit*5 & ! b>n ru%$ at once to ! fields4 ,!n ,rob9 & ,dub\rg1 po/$ z s5tries1 cri$3 ,:o goes !re8 ,france6 repli$ a voice4 ,& despite ! di/ance1 ,l\ise1 recogniz+ h] fa!r's voice1 w\ld h fall5 _h n ,ca!r9e support$ h]4 ,pres5tly a great numb] ( /eps e*o$ ^u ! froz5 sn[1 & ,l\ise1 no long] able to conta9 h]self1 cri$ 9 a trembl+ voice3 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude6 ,i am com+1 repli$ ,hull92 ,i am com+4 ,& my fa!r8 cri$ ,frantz1 ru%+ to ! sabot-mak]4 ,he is ) u1 ,frantz4 ,& ,kasp]8 ,he has receiv$ a little w\nd1 b x is no?+3 y w see !m bo?4 ,ca!r9e ?rew h]self into ,hull9's arms4 ,o ,jean-,claude6 :at a happ9ess x is to see y aga96 ,ay1 repli$ he 9 a l[ tone2 !re are _m :o w nev] aga9 see ^? !y love4 ,frantz6 cri$ old ,mat]ne2 hallo6 ?is way4 ,& on all sides1 9 ! d>kness1 m5 s\ght ea* o!r1 press$ ea* o!r's h&s & embrac$4 ,o!rs call$ al\d = ,vielau or ,saph]i1 b no voice repli$4 ,!n ! calls grew ho>se1 /rangl$1 & f9ally ceas$4 ,! joy ( "s & ! grief ( o!rs 7 9 horrible contra/4 ,l\ise wept hot te>s 9 ,hull9's arms4 ,ah6 ,jean-,claude1 said ,"m ,lefevre2 y h mu* to le>n ( y\r daught]4 ,n[ ,i w tell y no?+1 b we 7 attack$-- ,yes1 we w talk ( x by & by4 ,"t presses1 int]rupt$ ,hull94 ,! ,donon road is lo/2 ! ,cossacks may be "h at daybreak1 & we h yet _m ?+s to d4 ,he ent]$ ! f>m-h\se4 ,all foll[$4 ,du*5e _h j ?r[n a fagot ^u ! fire4 ,^? faces1 black ) p[d]1 b /ill brea?+ ! fire ( battle2 ^? g>m5ts1 torn by bayonet-?ru/s1 "s ( !m bloody1 advanc+ f d>kness into ! full light1 (f]$ a /range spectacle4 ,kasp]1 ^: h&k]*ief 0 b\nd ar\nd 8 =ehead1 _h receiv$ a sabre-cut2 8 bayonet1 bl\se1 & high blue clo? gait]s 7 /a9$ ) blood4 ,old ,mat]ne1 ?anks to 8 imp]turbable pres5ce ( m9d1 came safe & s\nd f ! fray4 ,! remnants ( ! two troops ( ,j]ome & ,hull9 7 ?us unit$4 ,!y %[$ ! same fi]ce c\nt5ances1 animat$ by ! same en]gy & desire = v5geance1 save t ! la/1 worn-out ) we>9ess1 sat :]ev] !y might f9d room--on ! fagots1 ! he>?--) _! heads b[$ ^u _! h&s1 & _! elb[s re/+ on _! knees4 ,! o!rs look$ ar\nd1 unable to realize t ,hans1 ,juson1 ,daniel1 _h disappe>$ = ev]1 & ex*ang+ que/ions foll[$ by long p]iods ( sil5ce4 ,mat]ne's two sons held ea* o!r by ! arms1 z if ea* fe>$ he w\ld lose 8 bro!r1 & _! fa!r1 beh9d !m1 lean+ aga9/ ! wall1 gaz$ on ) looks ( delight4 #gdh ,!y are !re2 ,i see !m1 he seem$ to say4 ,& !y are fam\s fell[s1 & bo? h escap$4 ,! good man c\gh$1 & :5 "s "o came to speak to him ab\t ,pi]re1 or ,jacques1 or ,nicolas--( a son or a bro!r--he repli$ at r&om1 ,ay1 ay1 !re are a good _m /ret*$ out yond]2 b :at w\ld y h8 ,w> is w>4 ,y\r ,nicolas did 8 duty4 ,be consol$4 ,& !n he ?\ght1 ,my boys are out ( ! scrape1 & t is ! pr9cipal ?+4 ,ca!r9e set ! table ) ,l\ise4 ,soon ,du*5e1 return+ f ! cell> ) a cask ( w9e ^u 8 %\ld]1 plac$ x on ! sidebo>d4 ,he op5$ x1 & ea* ( ! p>tisans pres5t$ 8 glass1 or cup1 or pit*]1 to ! purple f\nta91 :i* gave back ! leap+ flames on ! he>? 9 a ?\s& reflections4 ,eat & dr9k6 cri$ ! old mi/ress ( ! h\se4 ,all is n yet end$2 y w yet ne$ /r5g?4 ,frantz1 h& me d[n ^? hams4 ,"h are bread & knives4 ,be seat$1 my *ildr54 ,frantz1 ) 8 bayonet1 roa/$ ! hams at ! fire4 ,b5*es 7 br\ght =w>d2 ! m5 sat d[n1 & ate ) t ke5 appetite :i* nei!r pres5t grief nor ?\ght ( future evil c make m\nta9e]s =get4 ,b all ?is did n keep sorr[ f ! he>ts ( ^! brave fell[s1 & sometimes "o1 sometimes ano!r1 w\ld /op1 drop 8 =k1 & leave ! table1 say+1 ,i h _h en\gh4 ,:ile ! p>tisans ?us recruit$ _! /r5g?1 _! *iefs met 9 ! neighbor+ hall to make _! la/ det]m9ations relative to ! def5ce4 ,!re 7 seat$ r\nd ! table1 light$ by a t9 lamp1 ,doctor ,lorqu9--8 great dog ,pluto ne> him1 wat*+ ) uplift$ muzzle2 ,j]ome 9 ! recess ( a w9d[ to ! "r2 ,hull9 at ! left1 v pale4 ,m>c-,dives1 ) 8 elb[ on ! table & *eek re/+ 9 8 h&1 sat ) 8 back to ! door1 & %[$ only 8 br[n pr(ile & "o ( ! ends ( 8 long m\/a*e4 ,mat]ne alone 0 /&+1 z 0 8 habit1 lean+ aga9/ ! wall beh9d ,lorqu9's *air1 8 rifle re/+ ^u 8 foot4 ,a murmur ( voices came f ! kit*54 ,:5 ,ca!r9e1 :o 0 call$ by ,jean-,claude1 ent]$1 %e he>d a sort ( groan :i* made h] tremble4 ,x 0 ,hull9 speak+4 ,d y ?9k1 he cri$1 9 a bur/ ( wild grief1 t ! fate ( ^? brave sons1 ^? :ite-hair$ fa!rs1 mov$ n my he>t8 ,w\ld ,i n gladly h di$ a ?\s& times t !y might live8 ,y "k n ! woes ) :i* ?is night has ov]:elm$ me4 ,to lose life is b little2 b to be> alone ! burd5 ( su* a tru/6 ,he 0 sil5t1 b 8 trembl+ lip1 ! te> t c\rs$ sl[ly d[n 8 *eek1 %[$ h[ heavily t tru/ weigh$ ^u him1 9 a position :]e consci5ce itself hesitates & seeks support4 ,ca!r9e noiselessly seat$ h]self 9 ! l>ge arm-*air on 8 left4 ,aft] a few mom5ts' pause1 ,hull9 proce$$ m calmly3 ,betwe5 elev5 o'clock & midnight1 ,zimm] came cry+ t we 7 turn$2 t ! ,g]mans 7 com+ d[n f ,grossmann2 ,lab>be 0 cru%$2 ,j]ome c\ld hold out no long]4 ,he said no m4 ,:at 0 to be done8 ,c\ld ,i retreat--ab&on a position :i* _h co/ u s mu* blood--! ,donon road1 ! way to ,p>is8 ,i 7 a wret* inde$ to d s2 b ,i _h only ?ree hundr$ aga9/ ! f\r ?\s& at ,gr&fonta9e1 & ,i "k n h[ _m desc5d+ ! m\nta94 #gdi ,b co/ :at x might1 ,i det]m9$ to hold out2 x 0 our duty to d s4 ,i ?\ght t life is no?+ void ( honor2 we might all die1 b nev] w\ld x be said t we yield$ ! road to ,france6 ,nev]1 nev]1 nev]6 ,8 voice aga9 trembl$1 & 8 eyes fill$ ) te>s z he add$3 ,we held x--= m ?an two h\rs--my brave boys held x4 ,i saw !m fall2 !y di$ cry+1 ',god save ,france6' ,:5 ! battle began1 ,i s5t ^w to ,pivrette4 ,he1 ) fifty m51 came up--too late6 too late6 ,! enemy flank$ u "r & left2 !y held ?ree f\r?s ( ! plateau1 & we 7 driv5 among ! firs t[>d ,blanru1 _! fire cra%+ into our bosoms4 ,all t ,i c\ld d 0 to collect ! w\nd$ :o c\ld yet drag !mselves along1 & place !m "u ! escort ( ,pivrette2 a hundr$ m5 jo9$ him4 ,i kept only fifty to occupy ,falk5/e94 ,we cut ?r\gh ! ,g]mans1 :o tri$ to cut (f our retreat4 ,happily ! night 0 d>k1 o!rwise n "o ( u w\ld h escap$4 ,we are "h1 & all is lo/4 ,falk5/e9 alone rema9s1 & we are r$uc$ to ?ree hundr$4 ,n[ we mu/ try :o w d>e ! bitt] end4 ,i tell y t my burd5 presses heavily ^u me4 ,:ile ! ,donon road 0 to be def5d$1 our duty 0 cle>2 e man's life belong$ to 8 c\ntry3 b t road is lo/2 t5 ?\s& m5 w\ld be ne$$ to rega9 x1 & ev5 n[ ! enemy are ent]+ ,lorra9e4 ,:at is to be done8 ,resi/ to ! la/6 repli$ ,j]ome4 ,to ! la/6 repeat$ ! o!rs4 ,is ?is y\r c\nsel1 ,ca!r9e8 ask$ ,hull94 ,ay6 cri$ ! old woman1 ) a glance ( unconqu]able det]m9ation4 ,!n ,hull91 9 firm] tones1 laid 8 plan be=e !m3 ,falk5/e9 is our po9t ( retreat4 ,!re is our ars5al2 !re are our munitions2 ! enemy kn[s ?is1 & w attempt to /orm x4 ,we mu/ all be !re to def5d x2 ! eyes ( all our c\ntrym5 mu/ see u2 !y w say t ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 ,j]ome1 ,mat]ne & 8 sons1 ,hull91 ,doctor ,lorqu91 are !re2 t !y w n lay d[n _! arms4 ,?is w revive ! droop+ c\rage ( all :o h he>ts to feel = _! c\ntry4 ,pivrette w rema9 9 ! woods2 8 =ce increas+ day by day4 ,! l& w be cov]$ ) ,cossacks1 ) robb]s ( e k9d2 & :5 ! enemy's army has ent]$ ,lorra9e1 at my signal ,pivrette w fl+ himself betwe5 ,donon & ! road1 & ! lagg>ds scatt]$ ?r\gh ! m\nta9s w be caught z 9 a net4 ,we c also wat* our *ance to c>ry (f _! wagons1 h>ass _! res]ves2 & if =tune favors1 z we hope1 :5 ^? ,kais]liks are beat5 by our troops 9 ,lorra9e1 we c cut (f _! retreat4 ,all rose1 & ,hull91 ent]+ ! kit*51 made ?is simple spee* to ! m\nta9e]s3 ,my fri5ds1 we h det]m9$ to resi/ to ! la/4 ,nev]!less ea* "o is free to d z he pleases1 to lay d[n 8 arms & return to 8 village2 b ^? :o seek v5geance w jo9 u6 ,!y w %>e our la/ morsel ( bread & divide our la/ c>tridge4 ,! old wood-cutt]1 ,colon1 rose & repli$3 ,hull91 we are all ) y2 we began ! fight toge!r1 & toge!r we w end x4 ,ay1 ay6 cri$ e voice4 #gej ,?is is y\r resolution8 ,!n li/56 ,j]ome's bro!r w take comm&4 ,my bro!r is dead1 int]rupt$ ,j]ome2 he lies on ! side ( ,grossmann4 ,!re 0 a mom5t's sil5ce1 & !n ,hull9 cont9u$3 ,colon1 y w take comm& ( all :o rema91 except ^? :o =m$ ! escort ( ,ca!r9e ,lefevre4 ,i reta9 !m ) me4 ,y w rejo9 ,pivrette 9 ! valley ( ,blanru4 ,& our munitions8 cri$ ,m>c-,dives4 ,i h br\ght my wagon ) me1 said ,j]ome4 ,colon c supply himself f x4 ,let !m take ! sl$ge too1 cri$ ,ca!r9e4 ,! ,cossacks are com+1 & !y w /eal ev]y?+4 ,our p mu/ n g away empty-h&$2 let !m take ) !m ox51 c[s1 & goats--ev]y?+2 = :atev] !y take is s mu* won f ! enemy4 ,five m9utes aft]1 ! f>m-h\se 0 a sc5e ( pillage4 ,! sl$ge 0 load$ ) hams1 smok$ meats1 & bread2 ! cattle driv5 f ! /ables2 ! horses h>ness$ to ! great wagon1 & soon ! tra9 began its m>*1 ,rob9 at ! head1 bl[+ 8 horn1 & ! p>tisans beh9d pu%+ at ! :eels4 ,:5 !y _h disappe>$ 9 ! woods1 & sil5ce sudd5ly succe$$ ! tumult1 ,ca!r9e1 turn+ r\nd1 saw ,hull9 beh9d h] z pale z a corpse4 ,well1 ,ca!r9e1 he said2 all is f9i%$4 ,we w beg9 ! asc5t4 ,frantz1 ,kasp]1 & ! m5 ( ! escort1 ,m>c-,dives & ,mat]ne1 await$ !m 9 ! kit*51 re/+ on _! arms4 ,du*5e1 said ! good old woman1 g d[n to ! village2 !y mu/ n ill-treat y on my acc\nt4 ,! old s]vant1 %ak+ 8 :ite head1 repli$ ) eyes full ( te>s3 ,i might z well die "h1 ,madame ,lefevre4 ,x is fifty ye>s s9ce ,i came to ?is h\se4 ,d n =ce me away2 t w\ld kill me4 ,z y w1 my poor ,du*5e1 answ]$ ,ca!r9e1 mu* affect$4 ,"h are ! keys ( ! h\se4 ,! old man seat$ himself on a /ool by ! he>?1 ) eyes fix$ & lips p>t$ l "o 9 "s sad dream4 ,! o!rs />t$ = ,falk5/e94 ,m>c-,dives1 on horseback1 8 long blade hang+ f 8 wri/1 =m$ ! re>-gu>d4 ,frantz & ,hull91 on ! left1 reconnoit]$ ! plateau1 & ,j]ome1 on ! "r1 ! valley2 ,mat]ne & ! m5 ( ! escort surr\nd$ ! wom54 ,/range6 ,at e ?re%old1 at e w9d[ ( ! village ( ,*>mes appe>$ faces1 "y & old1 gaz+ ) curi\s eyes at ! flight ( ,"m ,lefevre1 & evil tongues 7 n want+4 ,ah6 driv5 f y\r ne/ at la/1 !y cri$4 ,y w\ld m$dle ) :at did n conc]n y6 ,o!rs mutt]$ al\d t ,ca!r9e _h be5 ri* long en\gh1 & t all _h _! turn4 ,z = ! labor1 ! wisdom1 ! k9dness ( he>t1 ! ?\s& virtues ( ! old mi/ress ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 ! patriotism ( ,jean-,claude1 ! c\rage ( ,j]ome & ! ?ree ,mat]nes1 ! unselfi%ness ( ,doctor ,lorqu91 ! devotion ( ,m>c-,dives--ab\t all ^! ?+s no "o _h a ^w to say3 _! own]s 7 beat56 #gea ,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,at ! bottom ( ! valley ( ,b\leaux1 two musket-%ots f ! village ( ,*>mes1 ! little troop began sl[ly to asc5d ! pa? lead+ to ! anci5t burg4 ,hull91 rememb]+ h[ he _h tak5 ! same pa? :5 he _h gone to buy p[d] ( ,m>c-,dives1 c\ld n repress 8 grief4 ,!n1 not)/&+ 8 visit to ,phalsb\rg1 ! sight ( ! w\nd$ f ,hanan & ,leipsic1 ! /ory ( ! old s]geant1 he despair$ n2 he kept all 8 en]gy alive1 & nev] d\bt$ ! success ( ! def5ce4 ,b n[ all 0 lo/2 ! enemy 7 desc5d+ ^u ,lorra9e1 & ! m\nta9e]s fly+4 ,m>c-,dives rode along ! wall 9 ! sn[2 8 great horse1 accu/om$ to ! j\rney1 neigh+1 lift+ 8 head & !n dropp+ x b5ea? 8 *e/4 ,! smuggl] turn$ f "t to "t to ?r[ a glance at ! opposite field ( ,bois-de-,*nes4 ,sudd5ly he cri$3 ,ha6 ! ,cossacks are %[+ !mselves4 ,at ?is exclamation ! entire p>ty halt$ to look ar\nd4 ,!y 7 already high above ! village1 & ev5 ! f>m4 ,! gray w9t] dawn 0 scatt]+ ! morn+ vapors1 & 9 ! holl[s ( ! m\nta9 side !y saw a numb] ( ^? wild horsem51 pi/ol 9 h&1 sl[ly approa*+ ! old h\se4 ,!y 7 sep>at$ l skirmi%]s1 & seem$ to fe> a surprise4 ,a few mom5ts aft]1 o!rs foll[$ f ! valley ( ,h\x1 !n o!rs1 & /ill o!rs1 all alike /&+ up 9 _! /irrups to see fur!r4 ,! fir/1 pass+ ! f>m-h\se & see+ no?+ to fe>1 fl\ri%$ _! lances & turn$ half-way r\nd4 ,! re/ came up at a gallop1 l rooks foll[+ "o ( _! numb] t rises 9 ! air z if p]ceiv+ "s prey4 ,9 a few seconds ! f>m 0 surr\nd$1 & ! door pu%$ op54 ,ano!r m9ute & ! w9d[s flew out1 %att]$ to pieces2 furniture1 mattresses1 l95 foll[$ f e side ( ! h\se at once4 ,ca!r9e1 ) lips press$ tightly toge!r1 gaz$ calmly at all ?is de/ruction4 ,= a long :ile %e said no?+2 b sudd5ly see+ ,yeg( /rike ,du*5e ) ! %aft ( 8 lance1 & drive him f ! h\se1 %e c\ld n re/ra9 a cry ( indignation4 ,! wret*6 c[>d6 to /rike a poor old man :o c no long] def5d himself4 ,ah villa96 if ,i _h !e "h6 ,come1 ,ca!r9e1 said ,jean-,claude2 we h se5 en\gh1 & ! sight does u no good4 ,y are "r1 %e repli$2 let u g4 ,i _c be> x4 ,z !y asc5d$1 ! air grew ke5]4 ,l\ise1 ! *ild ( ! gypsies1 ) a little basket ( provisions on h] arm1 clamb]$ at ! head ( ! troops4 ,! blue sky1 ! pla9s ( ,alsace & ,lorra9e1 & at ! v]ge ( ! horizon ^? ( ,*ampagne1 ! b\ndless imm5sity ( space :]e9 sight 0 lo/1 inspir$ an en?usiasm 9 all4 ,!y seem$ to h w+s1 to pi]ce ! blue air l ^? great birds t glid$ f ! tree tops ov] ! abysses1 utt]+ _! free & fe>less cries4 ,all ! wret*$ness ( ! _w b5ea?1 its inju/ice & its suff]+1 7 =gott54 ,l\ise saw h]self a *ild on ! back ( h] "m--t poor w&]+ gypsy--& ?\ght1 ,i h nev] s9ce be5 happi]2 nev] _h less ( c>e2 nev] laugh$ s mu*1 sang s gayly1 & yet we (t5 lack$ bread4 ,ah6 ^? de> days gone6 ,& ! words ( old songs rang 9 h] e>s4 ,z !y ne>$ ! great r$ rock1 cru/$ ) its :ite & black /ones1 & hang+ ov] ! precipice l ! t[] ( "s gr& ca!dral1 ,l\ise & ,ca!r9e paus$ 9 ec/asy4 #geb ,above1 ! sky seem$ yet deep]2 ! pa? cut 9 ! rock yet n>r[]4 ,! valleys /ret*+ on till lo/ 9 di/ance1 ! b\ndless woods1 ! f>-(f lakes ( ,lorra9e1 ! blue ribbon ( ! ,rh9e--all ! glori\s sc5e fill$ !m ) emotion1 & ! old woman said ?\ghtfully3 ,jean-,claude1 ,he :o lift$ ?is rock to heav51 ^: h& holl[$ ^! valleys1 :o scatt]$ ^! =e/s1 ^? ?ickets1 & ev5 ^! little mosses ^u 8 e>?1 w surely r5d] u :at we des]ve4 ,:ile !y gaz$ ?us1 /&+ ^u ! =e/ t]race ( rock1 ,m>c _h l$ 8 horse to a neighbor+ cav]n1 & return$ on foot1 say+1 z he climb$ be=e !m4 ,be c>eful2 y may slip4 ,at ! same "t he %[$ !m1 to ! "r1 ! blue precipice1 ) ! tops ( ! fir-trees s f> d[n t !y seem$ at its base4 ,all 7 sil5t until !y rea*$ ! t]race :]e ! vault began4 ,!n !y brea!d m freely1 & saw 9 ! middle ( ! passage ! smuggl]s ,br5n1 ,pfeif]1 & ,t\bac1 ) _! great grey cloaks & black sl\*$ hats1 seat$ by a fire :i* /ret*$ all along ! rock4 ,m>c acco/$ !m3 ,"h we are6 ! ,kais]liks are victori\s4 ,zimm] 0 kill$ la/ night4 ,is ,hexe-,baizel above8 ,yes1 answ]$ ,br5n2 %e is mak+ c>tridges4 ,!y may save u yet1 said ,m>c4 ,keep y\r eyes op51 & if any "o asc5ds1 fire on him4 ,! ,mat]nes halt$ at ! edge ( ! rock1 & ! ?ree tall m51 ) _! hat-brims turn$ up1 _! p[d]-horns at _! sides1 _! rifles on _! %\ld]s1 & _! muscul> limbs1 & feet firmly plant$ on ! po9t ( ! rock1 /ood1 a /range gr\p1 aga9/ ! blue ( ! abyss4 ,old ,mat]ne1 ) out/ret*$ arm1 po9t$ f>1 v f> away1 to an almo/ imp]ceptible :ite spot among ! firs1 say+3 ,d y recognize t1 my boys8 ,& all ?ree gaz$ ) half-clos$ eyes4 ,x is our h\se1 repli$ ,kasp]4 ,poor ,magr$el6 said ! old hunt]2 h[ uneasy %e mu/ h be5 = ! la/ week2 h[ (t5 has %e pray$ = u6 ,m>c-,dives1 :o l$ ! p>ty1 utt]$ a cry ( surprise4 ,"m ,lefevre1 said he1 /opp+ %ort1 ! ,cossacks h set fire to y\r h\se6 ,ca!r9e he>d ?is news calmly1 & walk$ to ! edge ( ! cliff4 ,l\ise & ,jean-,claude foll[$ h]4 ,at ! bottom ( ! abyss /ret*$ a great :ite cl\d1 ?r\gh :i* %one :at seem$ l a sp>k4 ,t 0 all2 b f "t to "t ! breeze blew aside ! smoke & ! fire appe>$2 ! two high gables1 /&+ d>kly out f ! flames1 ! ru9$ b>n & ! blaz+ /ables2 !n all aga9 0 hidd54 ,x is ne>ly f9i%$1 said ,hull9 9 a l[ tone4 ,yes1 repli$ ! old mi/ress ( ! burn+ dwell+2 =ty ye>s ( toil & c>e are !re turn+ to smoke4 ,b no matt]2 !y _c burn my good l&s--my f9e mead[s ( ! ,ei*ma?4 ,we w beg9 to labor once m2 ,gasp>d & ,l\ise w re/ore all t mis*ief4 ,i am cont5t4 ,i rep5t ( no?+ ,i h done4 ,at ! end ( a qu>t] ( an h\r1 millions ( sp>ks arose1 & all ! build+s fell--all save ! d>k gables4 ,! p>ty aga9 clamb]$ up ! pa?2 & z !y rea*$ ! highe/ t]race1 ! %>p voice ( ,hexe-,baizel 0 he>d3 #gec ,y1 ,ca!r9e6 %e cri$ ,i nev] ?\ght t y w\ld come to see me 9 my poor d54 ,baizel & ,ca!r9e ,lefevre _h be5 s*ool-girls toge!r2 !re 0 b little c]emony betwe5 !m4 ,nor ,i1 repli$ ! latt]2 b 9 mis=tune "o is glad to f9d a companion ( "o's *ildhood4 ,baizel seem$ t\*$4 ,:atev] is "h is y\rs1 ,ca!r9e1 %e cri$4 ,ev]y?+4 ,%e po9t$ to h] poor /ool1 h] broom ( gre5 twigs1 & ! five or six logs on h] he>?4 ,ca!r9e gaz$ on all 9 sil5ce = a few mom5ts1 & !n said3 ,!y are n v gr&1 b !y are sub/antial1 & ! ,cossacks w n easily burn y\r h\se4 ,no1 !y w n burn x1 laugh$ ,hexe-,baizel2 !y w\ld ne$ all ! trees 9 ! c\nty ( ,dabo to only w>m ! walls4 ,ha1 ha1 ha6 ,! p>tisans1 aft] _m toils & dang]s1 felt ! want ( repose4 ,ea* man ha/5$ to place 8 musket aga9/ ! wall & /ret* himself on ! floor4 ,m>c-,dives op5$ ! door ( ! inn] cav]n = !m1 :]e !y 7 at lea/ %elt]$1 & !n salli$ =? ) ,hull9 to exam9e ! position4 ,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,on ! rock ( ,falk5/e91 high 9 ! blue air1 rises a r\nd t[]1 ! base ( :i* is brok5 & sunk54 ,?is t[]1 cov]$ ) brambles1 haw?orn1 & myrtle1 seems old z ! m\nta9 itself2 x has surviv$ ,fr5*1 ,g]mans1 & ,sw$es4 ,its /ones & mort> h become a solid mass1 f :i* x is almo/ impossible to break ! smalle/ fragm5t1 & ! :ole /ructure we>s a gloomy air ( my/]y :i* be>s back ! m9d to ages long pa/--ages :i* h no place 9 ! memories ( man4 ,"h 0 ,m>c-,dives wont to lie 9 ambu% :5 ! wild geese flew s\?--if he _h no?+ bett] to d2 & "h sometimes at night-fall1 :5 _! flocks pi]c$ ! fogs & swept r\nd 9 a broad circle be=e go+ to re/1 w\ld he br+ d[n two or ?ree ( _! numb]--a feat :i* rejoic$ ! he>t ( ,hexe-,baizel1 :o wa/$ no "t 9 prep>+ !m = ! spit4 ,"h too1 9 autumn1 did ,m>c (t5 set sn>es among ! bu%es1 :]e ! ?ru%es lov$ to p]*2 & to cr[n all1 ! old t[] s]v$ him z a /oreh\se = 8 w9t]'s /ock ( wood4 ,h[ (t5 0 ,hexe-,baizel1 :5 ! nor!rn gales blew fi]ce1 & ! cra%+ ( bran*es & groans ( ! neighbor+ =e/s rose l ! da%+ ( a tempe/-to/ ocean--h[ (t5 !n 0 ,hexe-,baizel almo/ torn f t old t[] & hurl$ to ! opposite ,kilb]i6 ,b h] long f+]s held fa/ to ! v9es1 & ! w9d only flapp$ h] co>se hair ab\t h] head4 ,dives1 p]ceiv+ t 8 wood1 cov]$ ) sn[ & wet ) e ra91 gave m smoke ?an flame1 made a ro( ( planks = 8 /oreh\se2 & ! smuggl] relates t1 :ile lay+ ! raft]s1 he f\nd a scree*-owl :ite z sn[1 bl9d & feeble1 b provid$ ) field-mice & bats 9 abundance4 ,= ?is reason he call$ x ! ,gr&mo!r ( ! c\ntry1 suppos+ t all ! o!r birds f$ x on acc\nt ( its extreme old age4 ,t[>d ev5+ ! p>tisans--plac$ on ! look\t on e t]race ( ! rock--saw :ite uni=ms appe> 9 ! surr\nd+ gorges4 ,masses ( m5 deb\*$ f ! dep?s on all sides at once1 %[+ an int5tion to blockade ,falk5/e94 ,m>c-,dives see+ ?is1 became ?\ghtful4 ,if !y surr\nd u1 said he mus+ly1 we _c procure provisions2 we mu/ surr5d] or die ( hung]4 #ged ,! enemy's /aff 7 pla9ly se5 on horseback ar\nd ! spr+ ( ! village ( ,*>mes4 ,!re a /\t (fic] 0 obs]v+ ! rock ?r\gh a long field-glass2 beh9d him 0 ,yeg(1 to :om he turn$ f "t to "t to "q4 ,! wom5 & *ildr5 ( ! village look$ on at "s di/ance away1 z if enjoy+ ! sc5e1 & five or six ,cossacks c>acol$ ab\t4 ,! smuggl] c\ld be> no m2 he took ,hull9 aside4 ,look1 said he1 at t long l9e ( %akos gli/5+ along ! ,s>re1 & ne>]1 ^? o!rs runn+ l h>es ?r\gh ! valley4 ,!y are ,kais]liks1 are !y n8 ,well1 :at are !y go+ to d1 ,jean-,claude8 ,!y are go+ to surr\nd ! m\nta94 ,t is cle>4 ,h[ _m m5 d y ?9k !y h8 ,f ?ree to f\r ?\s&4 ,)\t c\nt+ ^? 9 ! op5 c\ntry4 ,well1 :at w\ld y h ,pivrette d ) 8 ?ree hundr$ m5 aga9/ t mass ( vagabonds8 ,i put ! "q frankly1 ,hull96 ,he c d no?+1 repli$ brave ,jean-,claude simply4 ,! ,g]mans "k t our munitions are at ,falk5/e92 !y fe> a ris+ aft] !y ent] ,lorra9e1 & wi% to secure _! re>4 ,! enemy's g5]al sees t he _c ov]come u by =ce2 he has decid$ to r$uce u by fam9e4 ,all ?is1 ,m>c1 is surely true2 b we are m52 we w d our duty2 we w die "h6 ,!re 0 a mom5t's sil5ce4 ,m>c-,dives knit 8 br[s1 b seem$ n at all conv9c$4 ,we w die8 he repeat$4 ,i d n see :y we %\ld die2 t idea did n ent] our heads2 !re are too _m p :o w\ld be glad ( x if we did4 ,:at w\ld y d8 ask$ ,hull9 %ortly2 d y want to surr5d]8 ,surr5d]6 cri$ ! smuggl]3 d y take me = a c[>d8 ,!n expla94 ,?is ev5+ ,i />t = ,phalsb\rg4 ,i risk my neck pass+ ?r\gh ! enemy's l9es2 b ,i w\ld r d t ?an fold my arms & die ( hung]4 ,i w ent] ! city ! fir/ sortie t is made1 :5 ,i w try & rea* a gate4 ,! comm&ant1 ,meuni]1 kn[s me2 ,i h sold him tobacco = ! la/ ?ree ye>s4 ,he1 l y1 s]v$ 9 ,italy & ,egypt4 ,i w %[ him ! /ate ( affairs4 ,i w see ,gasp>d ,lefevre4 ,i w fix matt]s s t !y w probably give u a company4 ,if we only get a uni=m1 we are sav$--d y see1 ,jean-,claude8 ,all ( our brave p :o are left w jo9 ,pivrette1 &1 9 any case1 !y c deliv] u4 ,t is my idea2 :at d y ?9k ( x8 ,he gaz$ at ,hull91 ^: fix$ & gloomy eye di/urb$ him4 ,is x n our only *ance8 ,x is an idea1 repli$ ,jean-,claude at l5g?2 ,i d n oppose x4 ,& look+ ! smuggl] /raight 9 ! eyes1 he said3 ,w y swe> to d y\r utmo/ to ent] ! city4 ,i swe> no?+1 answ]$ ,m>c1 8 br[n *eeks flu%+4 ,i leave "h all ,i possess--my wife1 my goods1 my comrades1 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 & y1 my olde/ fri5d6 ,if ,i d n return1 ,i %all be a traitor2 b if ,i return1 y w expla91 y\r dem&1 ,jean-,claude2 we w cle> up ?is little acc\nt betwe5 u4 #gee ,m>c1 said ,hull91 =give me4 ,i h suff]$ too mu*2 ,i 0 wrong2 mis=tune has made me di/ru/ful4 ,give me y\r h&4 ,g2 save u2 save ,ca!r9e2 save my *ild6 ,i say n[ to y1 t our only hope lies 9 y4 ,hull9's voice quiv]$4 ,dives s(t5$1 b he said3 ,v well1 ,jean-,claude2 b 9 su* a mom5t y %\ld n h spok5 s4 ,nev] let u aga9 speak ( x6 ,i w leave my body on ! way or ,i w return to deliv] y4 ,i w />t to-night4 ,! ,kais]liks already surr\nd ! m\nta94 ,no matt]2 ,i h a good horse1 & ,i 0 always lucky4 ,at six o'clock d>kness _h fall5 on e peak4 ,hundr$s ( fires fla%+ 9 ! gorges %[$ :]e ! ,g]mans 7 prep>+ _! ev5+ meal4 ,m>c-,dives desc5d$1 grop+ 8 way4 ,hull9 li/5$ = a few seconds to 8 comrade's foot/eps1 & !n turn$1 buri$ 9 ?\ght1 to ! old t[]1 :]e he _h e/abli%$ 8 headqu>t]s4 ,he lift$ ! ?ick wool5 curta9 :i* clos$ ! entrance1 & saw ,ca!r9e1 ,l\ise1 & ! o!rs ga!r$ r\nd a little fire1 :i* light$ up ! grey walls4 ,! old woman1 seat$ on an oak5 block1 h] h&s clasp$ ar\nd h] knees1 gaz$ fix$ly at ! flame1 h] lips set tightly toge!r1 & h] face seem+ly t+$ ) a gre5i% t9t 9 its extreme pallor4 ,j]ome1 /&+ beh9d ,ca!r9e1 8 fold$ arms re/+ on 8 /aff1 t\*$ ! slimy ro( ) 8 ott]-sk9 cap4 ,all 7 sad & di%e>t5$4 ,hexe-,baizel1 :o 0 lift+ ! cov] ( a great pot1 & ,doctor ,lorqu91 scrap+ ! old wall ) ! po9t ( 8 sabre1 alone kept _! accu/om$ looks4 ,"h we are1 said ! doctor1 return$ to ! times ( ! ,triboci4 ,^! walls are m ?an two ?\s& ye>s old4 ,a f9e quantity ( wat] mu/ h fl[$ f ! heights ( ,falk5/e9 & ,grossmann ?r\gh ! ,s>re & ! ,rh9e s9ce fire 0 made be=e 9 ?is t[]4 ,yes1 repli$ ,ca!r9e1 z if awak5+ f a dream1 & _m besides u h "h suff]$ cold1 hung]1 want4 ,:o kn[s h[ _m8 ,& :5 a hundr$1 or two or ?ree hundr$ ye>s %all h pass$1 /ill o!rs may "h seek %elt]4 ,!y1 l u1 w f9d ! walls cold & ! floor damp4 ,!y w make a little fire1 & gaz+ on ea* o!r z we n[ gaze1 w ask1 ,:o suff]$ "h be=e u1 & :y did !y suff]8 ,7 !y pursu$1 hunt$ z we h be51 t !y w\ld fa9 hide !mselves 9 su* a mis]able d58 ,& !n !y w ?9k ( by-gone ye>s1 & no "o may answ] !m6 ,jean-,claude drew ne>4 ,9 a few mom5ts1 rais+ h] head %e said1 z %e look$ at him3 ,well1 we are blockad$2 ! enemy seeks to r$uce u by fam9e4 ,true1 ,ca!r9e1' #e repli$ ,hull94 ,i did n expect t4 ,i c\nt$ on an attack2 b ! ,kais]liks are n yet s sure ( u z !y imag9e4 ,dives has j />t$ = ,phalsb\rg4 ,he kn[s ! comm&ant2 & if !y only s5d a hundr$ m5 to our succor-- ,we mu/ n rely on x1 int]rupt$ ! old woman4 ,m>c may be captur$ or kill$2 & ev5 %\ld he succe$ 9 mak+ 8 way ?r\gh _! l9es1 h[ c\ld he ent] ,phalsb\rg8 ,y "k ! city is besieg$ by ! ,russians4 ,all rema9$ sil5t4 ,hexe-,baizel soon br\ght "s s\p1 & ! p>ty =m$ a circle ar\nd ! great smok+ pot4 #gef ,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre came =? f ! ru9 at ab\t sev5 o'clock 9 ! morn+4 ,l\ise & ,hexe-,baizel 7 yet sleep+2 b day--! brilliant day ( ! m\nta9s--already flood$ ! valleys4 ,f> bel[1 ?r\gh ! blue dep?s1 =e/s1 gorges1 rocks1 7 outl9$ l ! mosses & pebbles ( a lake b5ea? its cry/al wat]s4 ,n a brea? /irr$ ! air1 & ,ca!r9e1 z %e survey$ ! gr&eur ( ! sc5e1 felt a s5se ( peaceful calm--( repose1 great] ev5 ?an t ( sleep1 /eal ov] h]4 ,our mis]ies1 our unre/1 & our suff]+s are b ( a day1 %e ?\ght4 ,:y di/urb heav5 ) our groans8 ,:y dread ! future8 ,all ^! ?+s endure b a mom5t4 ,our pla9ts are z ^? ( a butt]fly :5 ! leaves fall2 !y d n keep w9t] away4 ,"t mu/ end = all2 we mu/ die t we may be born aga94 ,?us mus$ ! old woman1 & %e no long] fe>$ :at might happ54 ,sudd5ly a murmur ( voices fill$ h] e>s2 %e turn$ & saw ,hull9 ) ! ?ree smuggl]s1 all e>ne/ly talk+1 on ! opposite side ( ! plateau4 ,!y _h n se5 h]1 s deeply did ! subject ( _! conv]sation int]e/ !m4 ,old ,br5n1 at ! edge ( ! rock1 ) a %ort1 black pipe betwe5 8 tee?1 8 *eeks wr9kl$ l a )]$ leaf1 %ort nose1 grey m\/a*e1 ble>$ eye-lids1 half-clos$ ov] r$di%-br[n eyes1 & long great-coat sleeves hang+ by 8 sides1 gaz$ at ! diff]5t po9ts ,hull9 0 %[+ !m among ! m\nta9s2 & ! o!r two1 wrapp$ 9 _! gray cloaks1 /epp$ =w>d or backw>d1 %ad+ _! eyes ) _! h&s1 9 deep att5tion4 ,ca!r9e walk$ t[>d !m1 & soon %e he>d3 ,!n y d n ?9k x possible to rea* ! foot ( ! m\nta98 ,no1 ,jean-,claude2 !re is no way ( do+ s1 answ]$ ,br5n2 ^? villa9s "k ! c\ntry ?or\ghly1 & all ! pa?s are gu>d$4 ,look6 !re is ! mead[ ( ,*evreuils along t lake2 no "o ev] ev5 ?\ght ( wat*+ x2 b see1 !y are !re4 ,& yond]1 ! pass ( ,ro?/e9--a m]e goat-pa?1 :]e a man is sc>cely se5 once 9 t5 ye>s--y see a bayonet gli/5 beh9d ! rock1 d y n8 ,& !re1 :]e ,i h climb$ = eight ye>s ) my sacks )\t ev] meet+ a g5d>me1 !y hold t too4 ,"s fi5d mu/ h %[n !m ! defiles4 ,yes1 cri$ tall ,t\bac1 ! fi5d ,yeg(4 ,b1 said ,hull91 x seems to me t ?ree or f\r /\t m5 might c>ry "o ( ^? po/s4 ,no2 !y are support$ by ea* o!r2 & ! fir/ %ot fir$ w\ld br+ a regim5t ^u u1 repli$ ,br5n4 ,besides1 if we got ?r\gh1 h[ c\ld we return ) provisions8 ,x is impossible6 ,!re 7 a few mom5ts ( sil5ce4 ,nev]!less1 said ,t\bac1 if ,hull9 wi%es x1 we w try all ! same4 ,try :at8 cri$ ,br5n4 ,to lose our lives try+ to escape1 & leave ! o!rs 9 ! toils8 ,b x is all ! same to me2 if ! o!rs g1 ,i w4 ,b z = talk+ ab\t return+ ) provisions1 ,i say x is impossible4 ,:i* pa? w y take go+1 & :i* return+8 ,promises w n d "h2 we mu/ act up to !m4 ,if y "k a way1 tell u4 ,= tw5ty ye>s ,i h beat5 ! m\nta9 ) ,m>c4 ,i "k e pa? & pass = t5 leagues ar\nd2 b ,i see none op5 n[ except ?r\gh ! air4 #geg ,hull9 turn$1 & saw ,"m ,lefevre a few paces away1 li/5+ att5tively4 ,y "h1 ,ca!r9e6 he exclaim$4 ,our affairs we> an ugly look4 ,yes2 ,i und]/&4 ,!re is no way ( gett+ a supply ( provisions4 ,provisions6 said ,br5n1 ) a /range smile4 ,d y "k1 ,"m ,lefevre1 = h[ long we are suppli$8 ,= a =tnight1 at lea/1 repli$ ,ca!r9e4 ,= a week1 said ! smuggl]1 %ak+ out ! a%es ( 8 pipe on 8 nail4 ,x is true1 said ,hull94 ,m>c-,dives & ,i believ$ t an attack w\ld be made on ,falk5/e92 we nev] ?\ght ! enemy w\ld besiege x l a =tress4 ,we 7 mi/ak54 ,& :at is to be done8 ask$ ,ca!r9e1 gr[+ pale4 ,we mu/ r$uce ea* "o's ration to half4 ,if ,m>c does n return 9 a =tnight1 we %all h no m4 ,!n1 inde$1 we mu/ see :at is to be done4 ,s say+1 ,hull9 ) ,ca!r9e & ! smuggl]s1 _! heads droop+1 took ! pa? to ! not*4 ,!y rea*$ ! desc5t1 :51 ?irty feet b5ea? !m1 !y saw ,mat]ne climb+ brea?lessly among ! /ones1 & dragg+ himself along by ! bu%es to increase 8 spe$4 ,well1 cri$ ,jean-,claude1 :at has happ5$8 ,ah6 !re y are4 ,i 0 go+ to look = y4 ,"o ( ! enemy's (fic]s is com+ along ! wall ( ! old burg1 ) a little :ite flag4 ,he seems to desire a p>ley4 ,hull91 direct+ 8 /eps t[>d ! slope ( ! rock1 saw1 inde$1 a ,g]man (fic] /&+ ^u ! wall1 seem+ly await+ a sign to asc5d4 ,he 0 two musket-%ots (f1 & fur!r away 7 five or six soldi]s1 re/+ on _! arms4 ,aft] gaz+ a mom5t at ! gr\p1 ,jean-,claude turn$1 say+3 ,x is a flag ( truce com+ to summon u to surr5d]4 ,fire on him6 cri$ ,ca!r9e2 we h no o!r answ]4 ,! o!rs all seem$ incl9$ to d s1 save ,hull91 :o1 )\t speak+1 desc5d$ to ! t]race1 :]e ! re/ ( ! p>tisans 7 ga!r$4 ,my fri5ds1 said he1 ! enemy s5ds a flag ( truce4 ,we "k n :at he wants4 ,i suppose x is a summons to lay d[n our arms2 b x may be some?+ else4 ,frantz & ,kasp] w g to meet him4 ,!y w b&age 8 eyes at ! foot ( ! rock1 & lead him hi!r4 ,no "o hav+ any objection to make1 ! sons ( ,mat]ne slung _! c>b9es on _! backs & dep>t$4 ,at ! end ( ab\t t5 m9utes ! two tall hunt]s rea*$ ! (fic]2 !re 0 a rapid conf]5ce betwe5 !m1 aft] :i* all ?ree began to climb to ,falk5/e94 ,z !y asc5d$1 ! uni=m ( ! ,g]man (fic]1 & ev5 8 features1 c\ld be cle>ly se54 ,he 0 a lean man1 ) a%y flax5 hair1 tall1 well knit1 & resolute 9 movem5t & appe>ance4 ,at ! foot ( ! rock ,frantz & ,kasp] b&ag$ 8 eyes1 & soon _! /eps 7 he>d b5ea? ! vault4 ,jean-,claude w5t to meet !m1 & himself unti$ ! h&k]*ief1 say+3 ,y wi% to communicate ) me1 sir4 ,i am li/5+4 #geh ,! p>tisans /ood "s fifte5 paces (f4 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 ne>]1 knitt$ h] br[s2 h] bony figure1 long1 hook$ nose1 ! ?ree or f\r locks ( gray hair :i* fell by *ance ^u h] holl[ temples1 & d[n on h] wr9kl$ *eeks1 h] tightly press$ lips1 & fix$ gaze1 seem$ fir/ to attract ! (fic]'s att5tion2 !n ! pale & g5tle face ( ,l\ise beh9d h]2 !n ,j]ome1 ) 8 long1 yell[ be>d & cloak2 & old ,mat]ne lean+ on 8 %ort rifle4 ,he look$ at ! o!rs1 & at ! high1 r$ vault1 ) its colossal mass ( granite hang+ ov] ! precipice1 & cov]$ only ) a few brambles4 ,hexe-,baizel1 beh9d ,mat]ne1 h] long broom ( twigs 9 h] h&s1 h] out/ret*$ neck & feet1 on ! v1 edge ( ! rock1 seem$ to a/oni% him4 ,he himself 0 ! object ( mu* att5tion4 ,8 attitude & be>+1 long face1 f9ely-cut bronz$ features1 cle> gray eye & ?9 mu/a*e1 ! delicacy ( 8 limbs1 h>d5$ by ! toils ( w>1 all bespoke ari/ocratic l9eage2 & he _h1 too1 a look ( %rewdness m+l$ ) t ( ! man ( ! _w1 ! soldi]1 & ! diplomati/4 ,b ?is mutual inspection 0 only ! "w ( an in/ant4 ,! (fic] began1 9 good ,fr5*3 ,is x ! ,comm&ant ,hull9 t ,i h ! honor ( address+8 ,yes1 sir1 repli$ ,jean-,claude4 ,! (fic] glanc$ hesitat+ly at ! circle ar\nd4 ,speak out1 sir1 cri$ ,hull92 let all he> y4 ,:]e honor & our c\ntry are ! subject1 no "o 9 ,france is out ( place2 our wom5 und]/& ! words z well z we4 ,y h "s propositions to (f] me4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 on behalf ( :om8 ,( ! g5]al comm&+-9-*ief4 ,"h is my commission4 ,v good4 ,we are li/5+1 sir4 ,!n ! (fic]1 rais+ 8 voice1 proce$$ 9 a firm tone3 ,be=e ,i beg91 comm&ant1 p]mit me to say t y h p]=m$ y\r duty magnific5tly2 y h =c$ y\r foes to admire y4 ,z = duty1 answ]$ ,hull91 we m]ely did :at we c\ld4 ,yes1 add$ ,ca!r9e1 9 %ort1 dry tones2 & s9ce our foes admire u on t acc\nt1 !y w admire u mu* m 9 a week or two1 = ! w> is n yet end$4 ,m>c is to come6 ,! (fic] turn$ 8 head t[>d h]1 & /ood z if /upefi$ at ! savage e>ne/ness impr9t$ ^u ! old woman's features4 ,^? are noble s5tim5ts1 said he1 aft] a few mom5ts' sil5ce2 b humanity has its rights1 & to spill blood uselessly is only do+ evil = ! sake ( evil4 ,!n :y d y come to our c\ntry8 cri$ ,ca!r9e1 & h] voice seem$ l ! eagle's %riek4 ,begone1 & let u alone6 ,!n %e add$3 ,y make w> l robb]s3 y /eal1 pillage1 burn4 ,y all des]ve to be hang$4 ,we ought to ?r[ y ov] ! rock1 = ! sake ( ! example4 ,! (fic] turn$ pale1 = ! old woman seem$ ready to execute h] ?reat2 b he soon recov]$ himself1 & cont9u$ calmly3 ,i "k t ! ,cossacks set fire to ! f>m-h\se opposite ?is rock4 ,!y are pillag]s su* z foll[ all armies1 & ?is "o act proves no?+ aga9/ ! discipl9e ( our troops4 ,! ,fr5* soldi]y (t5 did ! same 9 ,g]many1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ! ,tyrol2 &1 n satisfi$ ) robb+ & burn+ ! villages1 !y %ot pitilessly all ! m\nta9e]s suspect$ ( hav+ tak5 up arms to def5d _! homes4 #gei ,we might make reprisals4 ,x is our "r to d s2 b we are n b>b>ians2 we und]/& t patriotism is gr& & noble1 ev5 :5 wrongly direct$4 ,besides1 we d n make w> on ! ,fr5* p1 b on ! ,emp]or ,napoleon4 ,!re=e1 our g5]al1 on le>n+ ( ! conduct ( ! ,cossacks1 publicly puni%$ t act ( v&alism1 & moreov]1 decid$ t ! proprietor %\ld be indemnifi$4 ,i ask no indemnity ( y1 int]rupt$ ,ca!r9e rudely4 ,i wi% to live ) my wrong1 & to av5ge x6 ,! (fic] saw ! hopelessness ( try+ to br+ ! old woman to t]ms1 & t x 01 besides1 dang]\s to reply4 ,he turn$1 !re=e1 to ,hull91 & said3 ,i am *>g$1 comm&ant1 to (f] y ! honors ( w>1 if y cons5t to surr5d] y\r position4 ,y h no provisions1 z we are well aw>e4 ,a few days f n[1 y w be compell$ to lay d[n y\r arms4 ,! e/eem ! g5]al be>s y alone impell$ him to (f] y ^! honorable conditions4 ,long] resi/ance is useless4 ,we are ma/]s ( ,donon2 our corps d'arme is pass+ into ,lorra9e4 ,! campaign w n be decid$ "h2 s t y h no int]e/ 9 def5d+ a useless position4 ,we wi% to sp>e y ! horrors ( fam9e ^u ?is rock4 ,decide1 comm&ant4 ,hull9 turn$ to ! p>tisans1 & said simply1 ,y h he>d4 ,i refuse ! conditions2 b ,i w submit1 if all accept ! enemy's propositions4 ,we all refuse !m1 cri$ ,j]ome4 ,yes2 all1 all6 repeat$ ! o!rs4 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 till !n s /]n1 happ5$ to glance at ,l\ise1 & !n h] firmness gave way4 ,%e took h] by ! arm1 & lead+ h] to ! (fic]1 said3 ,we h a *ild among u2 is !re no means ( s5d+ h] to "o ( h] fri5ds 9 ,lav]ne8 ,l\ise _h sc>ce he>d ! words :51 ?r[+ h]self 9 ,hull9's arms1 %e cri$ affright$ly1 ,no1 no6 ,i w /ay ) y1 ,fa!r ,jean-,claude6 ,i w die ) y6 ,g1 sir1 said ,hull91 ) bloodless lips1 tell y\r g5]al :at y h se52 tell him t ,falk5/e9 we w hold to ! dea?6 ,kasp]1 ,frantz1 lead back ! (fic]4 ,! la/ seem$ to hesitate2 b z he 0 ab\t to speak1 ,ca!r9e1 pale ) wra?1 cri$1 ,g1 g6 ,y are n yet s sure ( u z y ?9k4 ,x is ! villa9 ,yeg( :o told y we _h no provisions2 we h en\gh = two mon?s1 & 9 two mon?s our army w h swept y f ! e>?4 ,traitors w n always fl\ri%1 & !n woe to y6 ,z %e grew m & m excit$1 ! (fic] judg$ x prud5t to )draw4 ,he return$ to 8 guides1 :o aga9 put on ! b&age1 & l$ him to ! foot ( ,falk5/e94 ,hull9's ord]s reg>d+ ! provisions 7 c>ri$ out ! same day2 ea* "o receiv$ a half-ration4 ,a s5try 0 po/$ 9 front ( ,hexe-,baizel's cav]n1 :]e ! food 0 kept1 & ! door b>ricad$4 ,jean-,claude ord]$ ! di/ributions to be made 9 pres5ce ( all1 to avoid inju/ice2 b all ^! precautions did n save ! unhappy patriots f ! wor/ horrors ( fam9e4 #gfj ,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,= ?ree days food _h be5 entirely want+4 ,/ill ,dives gave no sign4 ,h[ (t5 dur+ ^? long days ( agony did ! m\nta9e]s /ra9 _! eyes t[>d ,phalsb\rg6 ,h[ (t5 did !y li/5 to ! l[ murmur ( ! breeze1 ?9k+ x bore ^u x ! s\nd ( ! smuggl]'s foot/eps6 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! torm5ts ( hung]1 ! n9ete5? day s9ce ! arrival ( ! p>tisans on ,falk5/e9 dragg$ away4 ,!y no long] spoke to ea* o!r2 b seat$ on ! e>?1 _! fle%less faces gaz+ at vacancy1 !y pass$ h\rs z 9 a dream4 ,sometimes !y w\ld turn sp>kl+ eyes ^u ea* o!r1 z if ready to satisfy _! hung] at ! exp5se ( a comrade's life2 !n all w\ld aga9 s9k into a gloomy calm4 ,once ,yeg('s rav51 w++ its way f peak to peak1 came ne> ?is sc5e ( mis]y2 b old ,mat]ne br\ght 8 rifle to 8 %\ld]1 & ! bird ( ill om5 flew back at its utmo/ spe$1 utt]+ m\rnful cries1 & ! old hunt]'s piece fell h>mless4 ,& n[1 z if ! horrors ( hung] 7 n en\gh to fill ! measure ( _! mis]y1 !y only op5$ _! lips to accuse or ?reat5 ea* o!r4 ,l\ise 0 deliri\s2 h] great blue eyes1 in/ead ( liv+ objects1 saw spectres fleet+ ov] !m1 sweep+ ! tree-tops1 & light+ ^u ! old t[]4 ,food--food at la/6 w\ld %e cry4 ,& !n ! o!rs1 c>ri$ away by fury1 %riek$ t %e 0 mock+ !m1 & bade h] bew>e4 ,j]ome alone rema9$ calm & collect$2 b ! great quantity ( sn[ he _h eat5 9 8 pangs kept 8 body & bony face cov]$ ) a cold sweat4 ,dr4 ,lorqu9 knott$ a h&k]*ief ar\nd 8 wai/1 & drew x tight] & tight]1 pret5d+ t he ?us satisfi$ 8 crav+s4 ,he sat aga9/ ! wall ( ! t[] ) clos$ eyes1 :i* f h\r to h\r he op5$1 say+1 ,we are at ! fir/1 second1 ?ird p]iod4 ,ano!r day1 & all w be ov]6 ,!n he w\ld deliv] diss]tations on ! ,druids1 on ,od91 ,brahma1 ,py?agoras1 quot+ ,lat9 & ,greek1 all ann\nc+ ! approa*+ trans=mation ( ! p ( ,h>b]g into wolves1 foxes1 & all sorts ( animals4 ,i1 he cri$1 ,i w be a lion6 ,i w eat fifte5 p\nds ( beef a day4 ,b soon recollect+ himself1 he cont9u$1 ,no1 ,i w\ld r be a man4 ,i w prea* peace1 bro!rly love1 ju/ice6 ,ah my fri5ds6 we suff] = our own faults4 ,:at h we be5 do+ on ! o!r side ( ! ,rh9e = ! la/ t5 ye>s8 ,by :at "r did we place ma/]s ov] ^? nations8 ,:y did we n r ex*ange ?\ght1 feel+1 ! products ( our arts & indu/ry ) !m8 ,:y did we n meet !m z bro!rs1 in/ead ( try+ to enslave !m8 ,we %\ld h be5 well receiv$4 ,h[ !y1 poor wret*es1 mu/ h suff]$ dur+ t5 ye>s ( viol5ce & rap9e6 ,n[ !y are av5g+ !mselves4 ,god is j4 ,may ! mal$iction ( heav5 fall on ^? :o divide nations to oppress !m6 ,aft] a few mom5ts ( excitem5t l ?is1 he w\ld s9k exhau/$ aga9/ ! wall1 murmur+3 ,bread6 only a morsel ( bread6 #gfa ,mat]ne's boys1 seat$ among ! bu%es1 _! rifles at _! %\ld]s1 seem$ await+ ! sight ( game1 :i* nev] appe>$2 b ! ?\ght ( _! et]nal re/+-place su/a9$ _! expir+ /r5g?4 ,a few1 9 ! agonies ( fev]1 accus$ ,jean-,claude ( be+ ! au?or ( _! mis]y 9 br++ !m to ,falk5/e94 ,hull91 ) m ?an human en]gy1 yet came & w5t1 wat*+ all t pass$ 9 ! valleys1 b speak+ no ^w4 ,sometimes he w\ld advance to ! v edge ( ! rock1 ) jaws press$ firmly toge!r1 & fla%+ eyes1 to see ,yeg( seat$ be=e a great fire on ! mead[ ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 9 ! middle ( a troop ( ,cossacks4 ,s9ce ! enemy's arrival 9 ! valley ( ,*>mes1 ?is _h be5 ! fool's con/ant po/2 & f x he seem$ to gloat ov] ! agony ( 8 victims4 ,! tortures ( hung] 9 ! dep?s ( a dungeon are no d\bt t]rible2 b b5ea? ! op5 sky1 ) floods ( light p\r+ d[n on e side1 9 view ( help1 9 view ( ! ?\s& res\rces ( nature1 !n no tongue c pa9t _! horrors4 ,at ! end ( ?is n9ete5? day1 betwe5 f\r & five 9 ! ev5+1 ! wea!r became cl\dy2 huge masses ( gray vapor rose beh9d ! sn[y peak ( ,grossmann2 ! sett+ sun1 gl[+ r$ly l a ball ( iron j tak5 f ! furnace1 ?rew a few la/ gleams ?r\gh ! ?ick5+ air4 ,deep sil5ce reign$ on ! rock4 ,l\ise no long] gave any sign ( life2 ,kasp] & ,frantz /ill sat motionless z /ones among ! bu%es4 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre1 huddl$ on ! gr\nd1 clasp+ h] knees )9 h] )]$ arms1 h] features h>d & rigid1 h] hair hang+ ov] h] a%y *eeks1 h] eyes hagg>d1 & lips clos$ tight z a vice1 seem$ "s anci5t sibyl4 ,%e no long] spoke4 ,t ev5+1 ,hull91 ,j]ome1 old ,mat]ne1 & ,doctor ,lorqu9 ga!r$ ar\nd ! old woman1 t all might die toge!r4 ,!y 7 all sil5t1 & ! la/ glimm] ( twilight fell dimly ^u ! gr\p4 ,to ! "r1 beh9d a projection ( ! rock1 ! fires ( ! ,g]mans sp>kl$ 9 ! abyss4 ,sudd5ly ! old woman1 />t+ z f a dream1 murmur$ a few words1 un9telligible at fir/4 ,dives is com+6 %e cont9u$ 9 a l[ tone2 ,i see him2 he sallies f ! po/]n--to ! "r ( ! ars5al4 ,gasp>d foll[s him1 &-- ,%e c\nt$ sl[ly4 ,two hundr$ & fifty m51 ,national ,gu>ds & soldi]s4 ,!y cross ! fosse2 !y m\nt beh9d ! demi-lune4 ,gasp>d is talk+ to ,m>c4 ,:at is he say+8 ,%e seem$ to li/54 ',ha/56 ,ay1 ha/52 nev] 0 m ne$ ( spe$6 ,!y are on ! glacis6 ,!re 0 a long sil5ce2 !n ! old woman1 sudd5ly spr++ to h] feet1 rose to h] full height1 & ) arms out/ret*$1 & hair fly+ wildly ab\t h] head1 %\t$3 ,c\rage6 ,/rike6 kill6 kill6 kill6 ,%e fell heavily to ! e>?4 ,h] t]rible cry _h awak5$ all2 x might h awak5$ ! dead4 ,new life seem$ brea!d into ! besieg$4 ,some?+ /range & une>?ly seem$ to fill ! air4 ,0 x hope8 life8 ,i "k n2 b ! entire p>ty came crawl+ up on all f\rs1 l wild bea/s1 hold+ _! brea? t !y might li/54 ,ev5 ,l\ise mov$ slightly1 & rais$ h] head4 ,frantz & ,kasp] dragg$ !mselves on _! knees1 & /range to say1 ,hull91 ca/+ 8 eyes t[>d ,phalsb\rg1 ?\ght he saw ! fla%es ( musketry1 z if a sortie 7 be+ made4 #gfb ,ca!r9e resum$ h] fir/ attitude2 b h] *eeks1 lately rigid z a m>ble mask1 n[ quiv]$1 & h] eye aga9 grew dreamy4 ,! o!rs li/5$2 _! lives seem$ hang+ on h] lips4 ,?us a qu>t] ( an h\r pass$1 :5 %e aga9 spoke sl[ly3 ,!y h pass$ ! enemy's l9es2 !y are ha/5+ to ,lutzelb\rg2 ,i see !m4 ,gasp>d & ,dives are 9 ! van ) ,desm>ets1 ,ulri*1 ,web]1 & our fri5ds ( ! city4 ,!y are com+6 !y are com+6 ,%e 0 aga9 sil5t4 ,!y li/5$ long1 b ! vision _h vani%$4 ,m9utes foll[$ m9utes t seem$ c5turies1 :5 at once ,hexe-,baizel's %>p voice arose3 ,%e is a fool6 ,%e saw no?+4 ,i "k ,m>c4 ,he is mock+ u4 ,:at is x to him if we p]i%6 ,s long z he has 8 bottle ( w9e & 8 d9n]1 & 8 pipe aft]1 :at does he c>e8 ,o ! villa96 ,!n all 0 sil5ce aga91 & ! wret*es ^: he>ts 7 = a mom5t animat$ ) ! hope ( spe$y deliv]ance1 aga9 sank back 9 despair4 ,x 0 a dream1 ?\ght !y3 ,hexe-,baizel is "r2 we are doom$ to die ( hung]4 ,night _h fall54 ,:5 ! moon rose beh9d ! tall firs1 %$d+ h] pale light on ! m\rnful gr\ps1 ,hull9 alone wat*$1 al?\gh fev] 0 burn+ 8 vitals4 ,he li/5$ to e s\nd f ! gorges4 ,! voices ( ! ,g]man s5tries call$ _! ,w] da6 ,w] da6 z ! r\nds pass$ ! biv\acs2 ! horses neigh$ %rilly1 & _! grooms %\t$4 ,at la/1 t[>d midnight1 ! brave old man fell asleep l ! o!rs4 ,:5 he awoke1 ! clock ( ! village ( ,*>mes 0 /rik+ f\r4 ,hull91 at ! s\nd ( its f>-(f vibrations1 />t$ f 8 /upor1 op5$ 8 eyes1 &1 :ile he gaz$ upw>d try+ to collect 8 s5ses1 a dim light l ! fl>e ( a tor* pass$ be=e 8 eyes4 ,fe> seiz$ him1 & he mutt]$3 ,am ,i go+ mad8 ,! night is d>k1 & yet ,i see tor*es6 ,! flame reappe>$2 he saw x m cle>ly2 he arose & press$ 8 h& = "s seconds ^u 8 br[4 ,at la/1 risk+ a glance1 he saw di/9ctly a fire on ,giromani1 on ! o!r side ( ,blanru1 fl++ its r$ gl>e 9 ! sky1 & ?r[+ black %ad[s f ! firs on ! sn[4 ,sudd5ly he rememb]$ t x 0 ! signal agre$ on betwe5 ,pivrette & himself to ann\nce an attack2 he trembl$ f head to foot2 a cold sweat p\r$ f 8 =ehead1 & grop+ ?r\gh ! d>kness l a bl9d man ) arms out/ret*$1 he /amm]$3 ,ca!r9e6 ,l\ise6 ,j]ome6 ,b no "o answ]$2 & aft] w&]+ ?us1 feel+ 8 way1 & (t5 ?9k+ he 0 mov+ on :5 he made n a /ep1 he fell to ! gr\nd on 8 face cry+1 ,my *ildr56 ,ca!r9e6 ,!y are com+6 ,we are sav$6 ,!re 0 a dull murmur2 x seem$ z if ! dead 7 awak5+4 ,!re 0 a %ort peal ( laught]4 ,x 0 ,hexe-,baizel1 craz$ ?r\gh suff]+2 !n ,ca!r9e cri$3 ,hull96 ,hull96 ,:o spoke8 ,jean-,claude1 ov]com+ 8 emotion1 %\t$ 9 a firm] voice3 ,j]ome1 ,ca!r9e1 ,mat]ne1 all ( y6 ,are y dead8 ,d y n see yond] fire on ! side ( ,blanru8 ,x is ,pivrette co9+ to our rescue6 #gfc ,at ! same in/ant a cra% roll$ l a tempe/ ?r\gh ! gorges ( ! ,jaeg]?al4 ,! trump ( judgm5t c\ld n h produc$ a great] effect ^u ! besieg$4 ,at once all 7 awake & li/5+4 ,x is ,pivrette6 ,x is ,m>c6 cri$ brok5 voices1 s\nd+ holl[ z ^? ( skeletons4 ,!y are com+ to save u6 ,!y tri$ to rise4 ,"s fell back sobb+2 !y c\ld no long] weep4 ,a second cra% br\ght all to _! feet4 ,x is ! volley ( a platoon6 cri$ ,hull92 our m5 are fir+ by platoon too6 ,we h soldi]s 9 l9e6 ,long live ,france6 ,"m ,ca!r9e 0 "r1 said ,j]ome2 ! m5 ( ,phalsb\rg are com+ to help u2 !y are desc5d+ ! hills ( ! ,s>re1 & ,pivrette is attack+ by way ( ,blanru4 ,! fusillade 01 9 fact1 comm5c+ on bo? sides at once1 t[>d ! mead[s ( ,bois-de-,*nes & ! heights ( ,kilb]i4 ,!n ! two lead]s embrac$1 & z !y grop$ ab\t 9 ! d>kness1 seek+ ! edge ( ! rock1 ! voice ( ,mat]ne %\t$3 ,take c>e6 ! precipice is !re4 ,!y /opp$ %ort1 & look$ d[n1 b saw no?+2 a curr5t ( cold air1 f ! dep?s b5ea?1 alone told !m ( _! dang]4 ,all ! surr\nd+ peaks & valleys 7 buri$ 9 d>kness4 ,on ! sides ( ! opposite slope1 ! fla%es ( ! musketry glanc$ l lightn+1 n[ light+ up an ag$ oak1 or ! black outl9e ( a rock1 or mayhap a pat* ( hea!r1 cov]$ ) =ms ru%+ hi!r & ?i!r4 ,f ! dep?s1 two ?\s& feet bel[1 rose a confus$ murmur1 ! clatt]+ ( horse-ho(s1 cries1 comm&s4 ,n[ ! call ( a m\nta9e]--t prolong$ %\t :i* flies f peak to peak--rose l a sigh to ,falk5/e94 ,t is ,m>c6 said ,hull94 ,yes1 x is ,m>c *e]+ u1 repli$ ,j]ome4 ,! o!rs1 ne> by1 ) necks out/ret*$ & h&s on ! edge ( ! cliff1 gaz$ wi/fully4 ,! fire cont9u$ ) a rapidity :i* told ( ! desp]ation ( ! fight2 b no?+ c\ld be se54 ,h[ ^? poor wret*es long$ = a "p 9 ! /ruggle6 ,) :at ardor w\ld !y h hurl$ !mselves into ! combat6 ,! fe> ( yet be+ ab&on$--( see+ ! retreat ( _! rescu]s--made !m spee*less4 ,soon day began to break2 ! pale dawn %one beh9d ! d>k peaks2 a few rays ( light fell into ! %ad[y valleys1 &1 half an h\r aft]1 silv]$ ! mi/s ( _! dep?s4 ,hull91 glanc+ ?r\gh a break 9 ^! cl\ds1 at la/ und]/ood ! /ate ( affairs4 ,! ,g]mans _h lo/ ! heights ( ,valt9 & ! field ( ,bois-de-,*nes4 ,!y 7 mass$ 9 ! valley ( ,*>mes1 at ! foot ( ,falk5/e91 "o ?ird ( ! way up ! slope1 s t ! fire ( _! adv]s>ies might n plunge f above ^u !m4 ,opposite ! rock1 ,pivrette1 ma/] ( ,bois-de-,*nes1 0 ord]+ an abatis to be rais$ on ! desc5t to ! valley4 ,he ru%$ hi!r & ?i!r1 8 %ort pipe betwe5 8 tee?1 8 sl\*$ hat pull$ d[n on 8 e>s1 & 8 rifle slung beh9d him4 ,! blue axes ( ! wood-cutt]s glanc$ 9 ! ris+ sun4 ,to ! left ( ! village1 on ! side ( ,valt91 9 ! mid/ ( ! hea!r1 ,m>c-,dives1 on a little black horse ) a trail+ tail1 8 long sword hang+ f 8 wri/1 0 po9t+ out ! ru9s & ! old pa? ov] :i* ! wood-cutt]s 7 wont to drag _! trees4 #gfd ,an infantry (fic] & "s ,national ,gu>ds 9 blue uni=ms li/5$4 ,gasp>d ,lefevre alone1 9 advance ( ! gr\p1 lean$ on 8 musket & seem$ m$itat+4 ,8 mi5 told ( desp]ate resolve4 ,at ! top ( ! hill1 two or ?ree hundr$ m51 9 l9e1 re/+ on _! arms1 gaz$ on ! sc5e4 ,! sight ( ! fewness ( _! def5d]s *ill$ ! he>ts ( ! besieg$2 ! m s z ! ,g]mans1 outnumb]+ !m sev5 or eight to "o1 began to =m two columns ( attack to rega9 ! positions !y _h lo/4 ,_! g5]al s5t horsem5 9 e direction ) ord]s1 & ! l9es ( bayonets began to move4 ,! game is up6 mutt]$ ,hull9 to ,j]ome4 ,:at c five or six hundr$ m5 d aga9/ f\r ?\s& 9 l9e ( battle8 ,! ,phalsb\rg p w return home1 say+1 ',we h done our duty6' & ,pivrette w be cru%$4 ,all ?\ght ! same2 b :at fill$ ! measure ( _! despair 0 to see a long l9e ( ,cossacks deb\* at full spe$ into ! valley ( ,*>mes1 ! fool ,yeg( at _! head gallop+ l ! w9d1 8 be>d1 ! tail ( 8 horse1 8 dog-sk9 & 8 r$ hair /ream+ beh9d4 ,he gaz$ at ! rock1 & br&i%$ 8 lance above 8 head4 ,at ! bottom ( ! valley he spurr$ t[>d ! enemy's /aff4 ,rea*+ ! g5]al1 he made "s ge/ures1 po9t+ to ! o!r side ( ! plateau ( ,bois-de ,*nes4 ,! villa96 exclaim$ ,hull94 ,see6 he says ,pivrette has no abatis on t side1 & t ! m\nta9 mu/ be turn$4 ,a column inde$1 began its m>* at once 9 ! direction %[n1 :ile ano!r press$ on t[>d ! abatis to mask ! movem5t ( ! fir/4 ,mat]ne1 cri$ ,jean-,claude1 is !re no means ( s5d+ a bullet aft] yond] fool8 ,! old hunt] %ook 8 head4 ,none1 he answ]$2 x is impossible2 he is n 9 range4 ,ev5 z he spoke1 ,ca!r9e utt]$ a wild cry1 a scream l t ( a falcon4 ,let u cru% !m6 %e %riek$--cru% !m z we did at ,blutfeld6 ,& ! old woman1 b a mom5t ago s feeble1 seiz$ a fragm5t ( rock :i* %e lift$ ) bo? h&s2 !n1 ) h] long gray hair float+ 9 ! w9d1 h] hook$ nose b5t ov] h] compress$ & colorless lips1 & h] wr9kl$ *eeks rigid z iron1 %e ru%$ ) firm /eps to ! edge ( ! cliff1 & ! rock cleft ! air4 ,a horrible clamor arose f b5ea?1 ?r\gh :i* c\ld be he>d ! cra% ( brok5 bran*es2 !n ! enorm\s mass reb\nd$ a hundr$ feet outw>d--da%$ d[n ! /eep slope1 aga9 flew out into ! op5 air1 d[n1 d[n1 fall+ full on ,yeg(1 & cru%+ him at ! g5]al's feet6 ,all 0 ! "w ( a mom5t4 ,ca!r9e1 erect on ! edge ( ! cliff1 laugh$ a long1 rattl+ laugh4 ,!n ! o!rs1 ^? phantoms1 spectres1 z if a new life _h be5 giv5 !m1 da%$ ov] ! ru9s ( ! anci5t burg1 %riek+3 ,dea?6 ,dea? to ! ,g]mans6 ,cru% !m z we did at ,blutfeld4 ,nev] did eye behold a sc5e m t]rible4 ,wret*es at ! gates ( ! tomb--lean1 fle%less z skeletons f\nd aga9 _! /r5g? & _! c\rage4 ,!y bl5*$ n2 ea* man seiz$ 8 fragm5t ( rock1 hurl$ x ov] ! precipice1 & ru%$ back to f9d ano!r1 )\t ev5 wait+ to see ! effect ( ! "o he _h ?r[n4 #gfe ,no p5 c pa9t ! t]ror ( ! ,kais]liks z ?is /orm ( rocks da%$ d[n ^u _! heads4 ,all turn$ z !y he>d ! cra%+ bu%es & trees1 & at fir/ /ood gaz+ z if petrifi$4 ,rais+ _! eyes1 !y saw o!rs1 & /ill o!rs1 ru%+ d[n1 &1 above1 figures l spectres appe> & disappe>1 hurl+ missiles ( dea? into ! air2 !y saw ar\nd !m _! cru%$ & mangl$ comrades--l9es ( fifte5 or tw5ty m5 /rick5 d[n at once4 ,a wild cry e*o$ f ! dep?s ( ! valley to ! peak ( ,falk5/e91 & despite ! comm&s ( _! lead]s1 despite ! hail ( %ot t began to p\r f "r & left ^u !m1 ! ,g]mans1 c>eless :i!r !y w5t1 fl$ any:]e--any:]e to avoid ! horrid dea? t smote !m !re4 ,9 ! ?ick ( ! r\t1 h[ev]1 ! ,au/rian g5]al succe$$ 9 rally+ a battalion & br\ght x 9 good ord] to ! village4 ,calm & collect$ amid disa/] & dea?1 he seem$ wor?y 8 high rank4 ,he turn$ gloomily1 f "t to "t1 to gaze on ! fall+ rocks1 :i* /ill pl\gh$ bloody furr[s ?r\gh 8 column4 ,jean-,claude obs]v$ him1 & 9 spite ( ! intoxication ( victory1 & ! joy ( hav+ escap$ ! horrors ( a dea? by fam9e1 ! old soldi] c\ld n re/ra9 8 admiration4 ,look1 he cri$ to ,j]ome1 he does z we did on ! retreat f ,donon & ,grossmann4 ,he is ! la/ to retire1 & only yields 8 gr\nd foot by foot4 ,truly !re are brave m5 ( all c\ntries6 ,m>c-,dives & ,pivrette1 witness+ ?is turn ( =tune1 desc5d$ among ! fir-trees to cut (f ! enemy's retreat2 b ! ef=t 0 9 va94 ,! battalion1 r$uc$ "o half1 =m$ squ>e beh9d ! village ( ,*>mes1 & !n retreat$ sl[ly up ! valley ( ! ,s>re1 halt+ at times1 l a w\nd$ & hunt$ wild-bo> turn+ ^u 8 torm5tors1 :5ev] ! m5 ( ,pivrette or f ,phalsb\rg press$ !m too closely4 ,?us end$ ! great battle ( ,falk5/e91 kn[n among ! m\nta9s z ! ,battle ( ! ,rocks4 ,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,sc>cely _h ! fight ceas$1 :51 t[>d #h o'clock1 ,m>c-,dives1 ,gasp>d1 & "s ?irty m\nta9e]s1 be>+ baskets ( food1 rea*$ ! peak ( ,falk5/e94 ,:at a spectacle await$ !m !re6 ,! besieg$1 /ret*$ on ! e>?1 seem$ dead4 ,9 va9 !y %ook ! bodies & %\t$ 9 _! e>s2 no answ] came4 ,gasp>d ,lefevre1 see+ 8 "m & ,l\ise ly+ motionless ) tee? fa/ lock$ toge!r1 told ,m>c1 9 8 agony1 t unless !y recov]$ he w\ld bl[ out 8 bra9s ) 8 own musket4 ,m>c repli$ t e "o 0 free to d z he pleas$2 b t = 8 "p1 he w\ld d no su* ?+ on ,hexe-,baizel's acc\nt4 ,at l5g?1 old ,colon plac$ 8 basket on a /one4 ,kasp] ,mat]ne sudd5ly sigh$1 op5$ 8 eyes1 &1 see+ ! food1 began clack+ 8 tee? l a fami%$ fox4 ,!y knew :at t meant1 & ,m>c-,dives pass$ 8 flask "u ! nose ( ea* "o1 :i* 0 suffici5t to resuscitate !m4 ,!y want$ to dev\r all ! provisions at once2 b ,doctor ,lorqu9 _h s5se en\gh rema9+ to w>n ,m>c n to li/5 to !m1 = ! lea/ excess w\ld be sure dea?4 ,ea* "o receiv$1 !re=e1 only a small piece ( bread1 an egg1 & a glass ( w9e1 :i* re/or$ _! p[]s s+ul>ly4 ,!n !y plac$ ,ca!r9e1 ,l\ise1 & ! entire p>ty on sl$s1 & desc5d$ to ! village4 #gff ,:o c\ld describe ! en?usiasm & emotion ( _! fri5ds1 :5 !y saw !m arrive1 m meagre ?an ,laz>us ris5 f 8 grave6 ,!y 7 gaz$ at1 embrac$1 hugg$1 & e new-com] f ,abres*will]1 ,dagsb]g1 ,sa9t-,quir91 or any:]e else1 _h to repeat ! c]emony4 ,m>c-,dives 0 oblig$ tw5ty times to relate ! /ory ( 8 j\rney to ,phalsb\rg4 ,luck _h be5 aga9/ ! brave smuggl]4 ,aft] hav+ almo/ by miracle escap$ ! bullets ( ! ,kais]liks1 he fell1 9 ! valley ( ,sp>tzprod1 into ! middle ( a troop ( ,cossacks1 :o robb$ him ( e ?+4 ,!n = two weeks he _h to roam ab\t ! ,russian po/s1 :i* surr\nd$ ! city1 draw+ ! fire ( _! s5tries & runn+ ! risk doz5s ( times ( be+ arre/$ z a spy1 be=e he 0 able to ent] ! works4 ,!n ! comm&ant ,meuni]1 fe>+ f ! weakness ( ! g>rison1 at fir/ refus$ all help1 & x 0 only at ! press+ entreaty ( ! inhabitants ( ! city t he at l5g? cons5t$ to deta* two companies = ! purpose4 ,! m\nta9e]s1 li/5+ to ?is recital1 c\ld n cease admir+ ! c\rage ( ,m>c1 & 8 p]sev]ance amid s _m p]ils4 ,:at w\ld y h me d8 ask$ ! tall smuggl] ( ^? l\de/ 9 _! praises4 ,i only did my duty2 w\ld y h me leave my comrades to p]i%8 ,i knew t ! task 0 n an easy "o2 ^? rogues ( ,cossacks are %>p] ?an cu/om-h\se (fic]s2 !y sc5t y a league (f l cr[s2 b no matt]1 we got ! bett] ( !m ?is "t4 ,at ! end ( five or six days1 all ! lately besieg$ 7 on _! feet aga94 ,capta9 ,vidal1 f ,phalsb\rg1 _h left tw5ty-five m5 at ,falk5/e91 to gu>d ! ammunition4 ,gasp>d ,lefevre 0 ( ! numb]1 & ! brave fell[ came e morn+ d[n to ! village4 ,! allies _h all pass$ into ,lorra9e2 none 7 se5 9 ,alsace1 except ar\nd ! =tresses4 ,soon ! news came ( ! victories ( ,*amp-,aub]t & ,montmirail2 b ! evil days _h come ^u u1 &1 9 spite ( ! h]oism ( our army & ! ,emp]or's g5ius1 ! ,g]mans & ,russians ent]$ ,p>is4 ,?is 0 a t]rible bl[ = ,jean-,claude1 ,ca!r9e1 ,mat]ne1 ,j]ome1 & all ! m\nta9e]s2 b o!rs h relat$ ! hi/ory ( ^! ev5ts2 !y =m no "p ( our /ory4 ,peace conclud$1 ! old f>m-h\se ( ,bois-de-,*nes 0 rebuilt 9 ! spr+2 wood-cutt]s1 sabot-mak]s1 masons1 & all ! workm5 9 ! c\ntry r\nd l5t a h& 9 ! "w4 ,ab\t ! same "t1 ! army hav+ be5 disb&$1 ,gasp>d trimm$ 8 mu/a*e1 & 8 m>riage ) ,l\ise took place4 ,! w$d+-day 0 all ! h]oes ( ,falk5/e9 & ,donon ga!r$1 & ! f>m-h\se receiv$ !m ) op5 doors1 & w9d[s too4 ,ea* "o br\ght a pres5t to ! c\ple--,j]ome1 a pair ( little %oes = ,l\ise2 ,dives1 packages ( smuggl$ tobacco = ,gasp>d2 ea* "o accord+ to 8 means4 ,tables 7 set ev5 9 ! b>ns & %$s4 ,h[ mu* w9e1 bread1 & meat1 h[ _m pies & pudd+s 7 dispos$ (1 ,i "k n2 b :at ,i d "k is t ,jean-,claude1 fill$ ) gloom s9ce ! entry ( ! allies into ,p>is1 *e]$ ^u t day & sang ! old song ( 8 y\? z gayly z :5 he set out1 musket on %\ld] = ,valmy1 ,jemmapes & ,fleurus4 #gfg ,! e*oes ( ,falk5/e9 took up ! old patriotic air--! gr&e/1 noble/ ev] he>d by man4 ,ca!r9e ,lefevre beat "t on ! table ) ! h&le ( h] knife2 & if x be true1 z _m ma9ta91 t ! dead come to li/5 :5 we speak ( !m1 our sla9 mu/ inde$ h rejoic$1 & ! ,k+ ( ,diamonds foam$ on 8 r$ be>d4 ,t[>d midnight1 ,hull9 arose1 & address+ ! bridegroom & bride said3 ,y w h brave *ildr52 ,i w dance !m on my knees1 & tea* !m ?is old song2 & !n ,i w foll[ ^? :o h gone be=e me4 ,he embrac$ ,l\ise1 & l9k+ arms ) ,m>c-,dives & ,j]ome1 w5t to 8 own little home1 foll[$ by all ! w$d+ gue/s s++ _! gr& old song4 ,nev] 0 a f9] night kn[n2 millions ( />s sp>kl$ 9 ! d>k blue sky1 & a l[ murmur arose f ! bu%es at ! foot ( ! slope :]e s _m brave he>ts lay cold4 ,all felt at once rejoic$ & sad4 ,at ,jean-,claude's door !y %ook 8 h& & gave him good night2 !n1 scatt]+ 9 little p>ties to "r & left1 s\ght _! villages4 ,good-night ,mat]ne1 ,j]ome1 ,pivrette1 ,dives1 cri$ ! brave sabot-mak] *e]ily4 ,8 old fri5ds turn$ & wav$ _! hats1 & said among !mselves3 ,!re are inde$ days :5 x is a joy to be 9 ?is fair _w4 ,ah6 if !re 7 no pe/il5ce1 nor w>1 nor fam9e2 if m5 und]/ood1 lov$1 & help$ "o ano!r2 if wrongs & di/ru/ 7 unkn[n--:at a p>adise w\ld be ours6 ---------- ,port]'s ,human ,intellect4 ,footnote #bha ,footnote #bha3 ,! ,human ,intellect2 ) an ,introduction ^u ,psy*ology & ! ,s\l4 ,by ,noah ,port]1 ,d4,d41 ,cl>k ,pr(essor ( ,moral ,philosophy & ,metaphysics 9 ,yale ,college4 ,new ,york3 ,scribn] ,co4 #ahfh4 #hvo1 pp4 #fgc4 ,9 return+ to consid] ?is elaborate volume m 9 detail1 we w\ld rem>k t its au?or has design$ x z a text-book = college /ud5ts 9 ! class ( philosophy1 & has proce$$1 9 writ+1 on ! presumption t !y = :om he writes h n ! slighte/ k ( ! subject4 ,h5ce 8 pages are fill$ ) matt]s :i* ^? :o h made "s pr(ici5cy 9 ! sci5ce ( ! human und]/&+1 & are n :olly ignorant ( philosophy1 prop]ly s call$1 are already ma/]s (1 & :i* !y _c ev5 read )\t great we>9ess ( ! body1 & d n deem x wor? _! :ile to read at all4 ,!y feel t to be able to und]/& ! au?or1 x is en\gh to consult 8 pr9ciples & me?od1 & 8 def9itions ( ! sev]al topics he takes up & discusses4 ,!y h nei!r ! pati5ce to read c>efully ?r\gh a huge volume :i* is1 n9e-t5?s ( x1 fill$ ) :at is = !m m]e baby-talk4 ,b ! au?or does n1 9 compos+ 8 "w1 beg9 by /at+ & def9+ 8 !ses1 & !n proce$+ to elucidate & prove !m2 b attempts to beg9 :]e he supposes ! infant beg9s1 & proce$s z a le>n]1 n z a ma/]4 #gfh ,consequ5tly1 we are compell$ to read 8 book f ! beg9n+ to ! end1 or n be sure ( 8 doctr9e on any "o po9t4 ,x is true1 ! au?or sometimes attempts def9itions1 b !y are seldom sci5tific1 r>ely embrace 8 :ole !sis1 & no?+ else1 & are pretty sure to mislead ! un=tunate review] :o relies on !m4 ,he seldom abides by 8 own def9itions4 ,9 "o place he def9es consci\sness a p[]1 & 9 ano!r he makes x an act4 ,s5se-p]ception is def9$ to be ! p[] by :i* ! intellect ga9s ! k ( mat]ial objects2 !n we are told t ! object p]ceiv$ is n ! mat]ial exi/5ce1 b a jo9t product ( ! mat]ial ag5t & ! s5ti5t organism1 a psy*ical transcript ( ! mat]ial object2 :ile 9 ano!r "p ( 8 "w we f9d him d5y+ t :at ! m9d p]ceives is su* transcript1 & refut+1 by pla9 & solid reasons1 ^? :o ma9ta9 t x is4 ,a really sci5tific def9ition is a def9ition p] g5us et p] diff]5tiam2 ,dr4 ,port] sometimes gives ! g5us & =gets ! diff]5tia1 & sometimes gives ! diff]5tia )\t giv+ ! g5us4 ,he also adopts a t]m9ology 9 _m respects n famili> to u1 ?\gh x may be to o!rs1 )\t ! necess>y explanation ( ! t]ms he uses3 & ev5 :5 ! t]ms he uses are su* z we are famili> )1 !y are us$ 9 a s5se to :i* we are n accu/om$4 ,we _c tol]ate subject-object1 = subject & object are di/9ct1 & /& ! "o ov] aga9/ ! o!r4 ,! subject 9 ?\ght is nev] ! object1 & ! object is nev] ! subject4 ,gramm> tea*es s mu*4 ,object-object says no m ?an simply object4 ,e object is object1 & no object is m or less ?an object4 ,! object is always real2 = x is causative1 s9ce 9 ! act ( ?\ght x resi/s ! subject1 & becomes a c\nt]-pressure4 ,we dislike p]cepts & concepts2 = !y are int5d$ to imply t !y exi/1 z x 71 indep5d5t ( ! subject & ! object1 & t ! product ( subject & object may itself be object4 ,we prote/ e>ne/ly1 9 ! "n bo? ( philology & philosophy1 aga9/ call+ exi/5ces1 :i* are no?+ except by ! creative act ( ,god1 be+s1 & /ill m e>ne/ly aga9/ s call+ ! products ( second or ?ird causes4 ,?is might pass ) ! ,g5tiles1 :o sub/itut$ g5]ation = creation1 b is inexcusable 9 a ,*ri/ian philosoph]4 ,we "k ! s*oolm5 did s1 b !y are n to be comm5d$ = x4 ,!y speak ( ens simplicit]1 ens secundum quid1 ens reale1 & ens possibile1 & ev5 ( ens rationis1 z if be+1 ! creations ( be+1 m5tal ab/ractions1 & ! creations ( fancy & imag9ation c\ld be all ( ! same g5us or plac$ 9 ! same category6 ,!re is a philosophy 9 language :i* c nev] be disreg>d$ )\t m or less injury to ! philosophy ( ?+s4 ,! pr(essor's me?od & te*nology r5d] 8 "w exce$+ly difficult to be und]/ood )\t z mu* /udy z w\ld be necess>y to con/ruct ! philosophy ( ! human m9d )\t x2 & !re=e if we %\ld happ5 at times to miss 8 mean+1 he mu/ blame himself4 ,he is f> m int5t on expla9+ ! processes ( ! m9d 9 kn[+ ?an on sett+ =? :at x kn[s4 ,^! processes h no int]e/ = u2 = !y really ?r[ no light on ! p[] or fact ( k4 ,we want to "k :at ! au?or means by philosophy1 & :at is its value1 & we !re=e want him to speak z ! pr(essor1 n z ! pupil4 #gfi ,we h no disposition to wa/e our "t & we>y ! fle%1 ev51 9 read+ ! mass ( /uff :i* he writes & :i* tells u no?+ we want to "k4 ,b en\gh ( ?is4 ,! pr(essor divides1 n v sci5tifically1 8 "w into f\r p>ts4 ,"p ,i4 treats ( ,pres5tation & ,pres5tative ,k2 ,"p ,,ii41 ( ,repres5tation & ,repres5tative ,k2 ,"p ,,iii41 ( ,?9k+ & ,?\ght-,k2 & ,"p ,,iv41 ( ,intuition & ,intuitive ,k4 ,he says1 p4 #gg1 ,! lead+ faculties ( ! intellect are ?ree3 ! pres5tative or obs]v+ faculty1 ! repres5tative or creative faculty1 & ! ?9k+ or g5]aliz+ faculty4 ,m briefly1 ! faculty ( exp]i5ce1 ! faculty ( repres5tation1 & ! faculty ( intellig5ce4 ,b exp]i5ce is n a faculty2 x is ! result ( ! ex]cise ( all our faculties1 & a s\rce ( intellig5ce4 ,intellig5ce1 z a faculty1 is ! intellect itself2 z a fact1 x is indi/+ui%able f exp]i5ce1 :i* is improp]ly re/rict$ by "s psy*ologi/s ( ! inductive sort to ! k ( ! ext]nal _w ?r\gh ! s5ses1 b ext5ds to all acquir$ k1 :atev] ! faculty ex]cis$ 9 acquir+ x or ! object p]ceiv$4 ,! real di/9ction is n betwe5 exp]i5ce or empirical k & intellig5ce1 b betwe5 empirical k or exp]i5ce & ! ideal pr9ciples :i* are giv5 intuitively by ! ,creator1 & nei!r acquir$ nor develop$ by ! s\l's own action4 ,di/9ctions %\ld be real1 n arbitr>y or ab/ract4 ,we are able to "k objects ( v>i\s k9ds & sorts1 b ! kn[+ is always ! same fact1 & by ! same cognitive faculty1 :atev] ! object kn[n1 ! ord] to :i* x belongs1 or ! means & conditions ( its cognition4 ,! le>n$ pr(essor's division1 mak+ f\r sorts ( k1 s9ce he makes intuition empirical1 or an act ( ! s\l1 appe>s to u1 !re=e1 )\t any real f\ndation4 ,all k or actual kn[+ is pres5tative1 & is 9 all cases by direct contemplation ( ! object 9 ! light ( ideal intuition4 ,demon/ration only /rips ! object ( its envelopes1 removes ! prohib5tia1 & pres5ts x to direct contemplation4 ,9 ! longe/ *a9 ( reason+1 ea* l9k is1 9 ! empirical s5se1 intuitively appreh5d$4 ,! appreh5sion is always imm$iate1 & ! sev]al m5tal processes s]ve only to br+ ! subject & object toge!r1 face to face4 ,^! processes1 h[ev] nam$ or :atev] _! "*1 nev] ext5d ! matt] ( k beyond ! objects pres5t$4 ,! pres5tative faculty ! au?or subdivides into consci\sness & s5se-p]ception4 ,b consci\sness is n a pres5tative faculty1 nor a faculty1 nor a subdivision ( a faculty at all4 ,x is simply ! recognition ( ! s\l1 z reflect$ f ! object1 ( h]self z subject4 ,at mo/1 x simply pres5ts ! subject ( ! ?\ght4 ,s5se-p]ception pres5ts only mat]ial or s5sible objects4 ,! pr(essor's doctr9e is !n t ( ,locke1 :o d]ives all our ideas f s5sation & reflection1 & conf9es all our k to s5sibles ) ! s\l & h] op]ations4 ,reflection only op]ates on ! s5se-p]ceptions )\t ext5d+ ! matt] ( k beyond !m4 ,?is is pure s5sism1 :i* we are some:at surpris$ to f9d held by an em95t pr(essor 9 ,yale ,college4 #ggj ,does ,dr4 ,port] "k 8 doctr9e is s5sism1 & !re=e mat]iali/ic8 ,he says1 ?\gh n truly1 we appreh5d ! s\l 9 consci\sness z a spiritual be+1 b is ! s\l ! only non-s5sible he means to ass]t8 ,b1 z we %[$ 9 our =m] article1 ! s\l recognizes h]self only z subject1 & !re=e only z ! correlative ( object4 ,%e kn[s h] own op]ations only 9 ! same correlation4 ,take away ! object & y lose ! subject or fact ( consci\sness4 ,?is1 we fe>1 ! pr(essor does4 ,he def9es1 p4 #aca1 s5se-p]ception to be an act ( objective k1 9 :i* ! s\l kn[s & only kn[s2 b adds1 if ! s\l kn[s1 x kn[s "s be+ z its object4 ,b :at be+ does x affirm8 ,we answ]1 ,! be+ :i*1 is ! jo9t product ( ! mat]ial ag5t & ! s5ti5t organism4 444 ,9 p]ception prop] we d n "k ! excitant ap>t1 nor d we "k ! organism ap>t1 only ! result ( _! jo9t action4 ,?is we "k z an object1 ) :i* ! m9d is confront$ bo? z a s5ti5t & z a p]cipi5t4 ,b z !re c be no ?\ght )\t ! conjunction ( ! intellective subject & ! intelligible object1 if ! m9d does n appreh5d '! mat]ial object itself1 !re c be no su* jo9t product z pret5d$1 &1 consequ5tly1 no object at all4 ,! object !n vani%es1 & leaves only ! subject1 :i* is1 we ne$ n say1 pure idealism4 ,z ! subject is ! correlative ( object1 & recognizes itself only 9 ?9k+ ! object1 if ! object vani%es1 ! subject1 too1 mu/ vani%1 & leave beh9d x only ! s5sation trans=me ( ,condillac4 ,b z s5sation1 h[ev] trans=m$1 is /ill s5sation1 & z s5sations are incapable ( /&+ alone1 or ( subsi/+ )\t ! subject1 ! s5sations !mselves mu/ g1 & nihilism alone rema9s--! result to :i* all psy*ologisms & ontologisms are necess>ily t5d+1 & 9 :i* ,sir ,william ,hamilton says all philosophy necess>ily ends1 if we may tru/ a passage :i* we saw quot$ f him n long s9ce 9 ,! ,new ,engl&]1 by a ,pr9ceton pr(essor1 9 a /rik+ article on ,! ,pres5t ,/ate ( ,philosophy1 9 :i* ! writ] has well /at$ ! problem pres5t$1 b :i* he nei!r solves nor attempts to solve2 a problem1 ! solution ( :i* is 9 ! ideal =mula1 or ! real syn!sis ( pr9ciples ( ?+s & ( sci5ce1 ( :i* he seems nev] to h he>d4 ,! pr(essor draws a prop] di/9ction betwe5 s5sation z feel+ & s5sation z p]ception1 b we _c agree ) him t s5sation z feel+ is an affection ( ! s\l4 ,^? psy*o-physiolog]s make a great mi/ake :o call ! body ,! ,h\se ,i live 94 ,! union ( s\l & body is too intimate = t4 ,i am n s\l1 z di/+ui%$ f ! body1 nor am ,i body1 z di/+ui%$ f ! s\l2 b ,i am ! union ( ! two4 ,a ,g5]al ,c\ncil def9es ! s\l to be =ma corporis1 ! in=m+ & animat+ pr9ciple ( ! body4 ,yet !re is a di/9ction betwe5 !m4 ,we c pr$icate ( ! "o ?+s :i* we _c ( ! o!r4 ,!re is1 inde$1 no s5sation )\t ?\ght1 or an act ( ! s\l2 b ! s5sation itself1 z di/+ui%$ f ! p]ception1 is felt1 n m]ely localiz$1 9 ! body1 n 9 ! s\l4 ,:5 ,i feel ! tw+es ( ! g\t1 ,i feel !m1 n 9 my s\l1 b 9 my toe4 ,we mu/ di/+ui% two classes ( affections1 frequ5tly conf\nd$2 ! "o s5sible1 ( ! body1 ! o!r spiritual1 ( ! s\l4 #gga ,! s5sible affections or emotions1 su* z joy & grief1 sorr[ & delight1 pa9 & pleasure1 are ( ! body animat$ & in=m$ by ! s\l4 ,!y inde$ imitate 9 ! s5sible ord] ! affections ( ! s\l1 b h 9 !mselves no moral "*4 ,h5ce1 ! ma/]s ( spiritual life make no acc\nt ( :at is call$ s5sible devotion1 & see 9 x no?+ m]itori\s1 & no reason :y ! s\l1 9 its it9]>y to ,god1 %\ld seek x4 ,b v diff]5t is ! o!r class1 (t5 call$ by ! same "n1 & :i* may or may n be accompani$ by s5sible emotion4 ,?is diff]5ce is at once und]/ood by all :o h le>n$ to di/+ui% betwe5 ! love ( ! s5ses & ! love ( ! s\l1 ! love ,plato meant :5 he repres5t$ ! s\l1 9 8 f9e poetical way1 z hav+ two w+s1 intellig5ce & love1 on :i* x so>s to ! empyreum4 ,?is love1 9 "o degree1 is *ivalric love1 :i* ! knight *]i%es = 8 mi/ress :om he wor%ips z a di/ant />2 9 a high] degree1 x is h]oic love1 a love t braves all dang]s = ! belov$1 :e!r fri5d or c\ntry2 9 a /ill high] degree1 & in=m$ by grace1 x is *>ity or sa9tly love1 ) :i* ! sa9t burns & is consum$ z he contemplates ! ,beauty ( ,hol9ess1 or ! ,fir/ ,good & ! ,fir/ ,fair4 ,?is is n s5sible love1 & its glory is 9 /ruggl+ aga9/ ! s$uctions ( ! s5ses1 or ! fle%1 & by ! grace ( ,god w9n+ ! victory ov] !m1 & com+ (f conqu]or ?r\gh ,him :o ha? lov$ u & giv5 8 life = u4 ,! pr(essor has ent]$ l>gely into ! physiology ( ! s5ses1 & ! jo9t action ( ! s\l 9 ! fact ( k1 & ! process ( ! m9d 9 =m+ :at he calls p]cepts2 b z all he says "u ^! heads1 :e!r true or n true1 ?r[s no light on ! intellectual act itself1 we pass x ov]1 & proce$ to 8 ,"p ,,ii41 ,repres5tation & ,repres5tative ,k4 ,repres5tation or ! repres5tative p[]1 ! au?or says1 p4 #bdh1 may be def9$ 9 g5]al t is1 ! g5us ! p[] to recall1 repres5t1 & rekn[ objects :i* h be5 previ\sly kn[n or exp]i5c$ 9 ! s\l4 ,m briefly1 x is ! p[] to repres5t objects previ\sly pres5t$ to ! m9d4 ,cle>ly1 !n1 repres5tation adds no?+ to ! matt] previ\sly pres5t$ by ! pres5tative p[]4 ,b ! au?or cont9ues3 ,x is obvi\s t1 9 e act ( ?is p[]1 ! objects ( ! m9d's cognition are furni%$ by ! m9d itself1 be+ produc$ or creat$ a second "t by ! m9d's own en]gy1 & pres5t$ to ! m9d's own inspection4 ,x foll[s t repres5tation1 9 its v ess5ce1 is a creative or a self-active p[]4 ,we _c say t ?is is obvi\s to u4 ,! def9ition ( repres5tation giv5 by ! au?or makes x :at1 9 ! language ( mortals1 is call$ memory2 & we h nev] le>n$ t memory is a creative p[]1 or t 9 memory ! m9d creates ! objects x rememb]s4 ,to recall or to rekn[ is n to create4 ,ev5 t ! s\l is self-active--t is1 capable ( act+ f itself alone--is by no means obvi\s2 nay1 is impossible1 unless we take ! s\l to be ! fir/ cause1 in/ead ( m]ely a second cause2 &1 ev5 if x 7 self-active1 x w\ld n foll[ t x creates4 ,god is self-active because self-exi/5t1 or be+ 9 its pl5itude2 b he is n necess>ily a creator4 ,he has inf9ite scope = 8 inf9ite activity 9 himself1 & he is free to create or n to create z he pleases4 #ggb ,t ! m9d does n 9 memory create ! objects rememb]$1 is evid5t f ! fact t ! facts rememb]$ are1 z ! au?or himself admits1 facts or objects previ\sly kn[n or exp]i5c$4 ,! fact ( memory1 or ! fact rememb]$1 is ! same fact t 0 kn[n 9 pres5tation1 accompani$ by ! recognition ( x z an object previ\sly pres5t & kn[n1 & n n[ kn[n = ! fir/ "t4 ,!re is no creation a second "t any m ?an !re 0 ! fir/ "t1 or :5 ! object 0 pres5t$4 ,! pr(essor says1 p4 #bea1 ,! objects ( ! repres5tative p[] are 4444 m5tal objects4 ,!y are n real ?+s1 nor real p]cepts1 b ! m9d's own creations aft] real ?+s4 ,!y are spiritual or psy*ical1 n mat]ial1 entities2 b 9 _m cases1 !y conc]n mat]ial be+s1 be+ psy*ical transcripts ( !m1 believ$ to be real or possible4 ,does he mean ?is z a true description ( ! facts ( memory8 ,probably n4 ,!n 8 def9ition ne$s am5d+1 = x does n include all t he means by repres5tation4 ,8 def9ition includes only memory2 b 8 description includes1 beside memory1 reflection1 fancy1 & imag9ation1 ?+s :i* h no?+ 9 common except ! fact t ! m9d op]ates 9 !m all on matt]s :i* h be5 previ\sly pres5t$4 ,reflection & memory are 9 no s5se creative faculties2 fancy & imag9ation are sometimes s call$1 b ev5 !y d n create _! own objects4 ,reflection is ! m9d op]at+ on ! ideal pr9ciples re-pres5t$ 9 language1 & 9 _! light1 on ! facts ( exp]i5ce 9 _! syn!tic relations ) !m4 ,memory is simply1 z a faculty1 ! p[] to reta9 & to re-pres5t1 m or less completely & di/9ctly1 ! facts ( exp]i5ce4 ,its objects are ^? facts !mselves1 n a m5tal repres5tation or transcript ( !m4 ,! au?or conf\nds re-pres5t+ ) repres5tation4 ,9 ! "o1 ! object previ\sly pres5t$ is re-pres5t$1 or pres5t$ anew2 9 ! o!r1 ! object itself is n pres5t$ = m elaborate consid]ation1 b a c]ta9 m5tal transcript1 image1 or resemblance ( x1 :i* is ! product ( ! m9d fancy+ or imag9+1 yet is nev] its object 9 correlation ) :i* x acts4 ,?is di/9ction alone upsets ! au?or's :ole !ory ( sci5ce1 or ,wiss5s*aftslehre1 & r5d]s worse ?an useless m ?an n9e-t5?s ( 8 volume4 ,8 :ole !ory is vitiat$ by conf\nd+ repres5tation1 9 ! s5se ( %[+ or exhibit+ by resemblance or similitude1 ) ! etymological s5se1 t ( re-pres5t+1 & 9 tak+ ! repres5tation z ! object ( ! s\l 9 ! intellectual act1 :i* x nev] is4 ,nei!r reflection nor memory repres5ts1 9 8 s5se ( ! ^w1 ! objects previ\sly pres5t$2 !y only re-pres5t !m4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 we nev] "k any?+ by m5tal repres5tation2 = we ei!r "k n at all1 or we "k ! ?+ itself4 ,repres5tation only replaces ! phantasms & intelligible species ( ! s*oolm51 = ev] made away )1 we _h suppos$1 by ! ,scotti% s*ool ( ,reid & ,hamilton1 & ! pr(essor himself has giv5 excell5t reasons = n accept+ !m4 ,plato1 inde$1 ass]ts t we "k by similitude1 b 9 a v diff]5t s5se4 ,! idea is impress$ on matt] z ! seal on wax1 & ! impression is a p]fect fac-simile ( ! idea2 & by kn[+ ! impression1 we "k ! idea impress$4 ,b he nev] made ei!r ! idea or ! impress ( x on matt] ! product ( ! m9d itself4 #ggc ,he makes ei!r always objective1 indep5d5t ( ! m9d1 & appreh5sible by x4 ,9 o!r words1 he nev] held t ! m9d creates ! similitude by :i* x kn[s1 b1 at mo/1 only t by obs]vation ! m9d f9ds x4 ,! p]ipatetics nev]1 aga91 made _! phantasms & intelligible species m5tal creations1 or repres5t$ !m z furni%$ by ! m9d f its own /ock2 b always held !m to be indep5d5t ( ! m9d1 & furni%$ to x z ! means ( appreh5d+ ! object4 ,if !y _h ref]r$ _! production to ! m9d itself1 !y w\ld h call$ ! species intellective1 n intelligible species4 ,! s\l has1 inde$1 ! faculty ( repres5tation2 b 9 repres5t+ its correlative object1 x is n ! repres5tation1 b ! ?+1 :atev] x may be1 t x attempts to repres5t4 ,! product ( ! m9d may be a repres5tation1 b ! object ( ! m9d is n4 ,9 all ! imitative arts1 z poetry1 pa9t+1 sculpture1 ! arti/ seeks to repres5t1 b op]ates always 9 view ( t reality ( :i* he produces ! repres5tation or resemblance4 ,! au?or himself di/+ui%es memory f repres5tation1 ?\gh v indi/9ctly4 ,repres5tation1 p4 #cjc recalls1 memory recognizes4 ,"h he uses repres5tation 9 ! s5se ( re-pres5t+2 = :at is recall$ is n ! m5tal repres5tation or semblance1 b ! object itself2 s1 really1 !re is no repres5tation 9 ! case1 & ! pr(essor %\ld n h treat$ memory "u ! head ( repres5tation4 ,i see a face1 & ,i %ut my eyes & picture x to myself4 ,?is is n an act ( repres5tation1 b ( memory4 ,!re is a re-pres5t+1 b no repres5tation1 9 memory2 =1 s f> z ! fact is n reproduc$ 9 memory1 !re is no memory1 b simply fancy or imag9ation4 ,! objects ( reflection are simply ! objects orig9ally pres5t$ ) only ?is diff]5ce1 t1 9 pres5tation1 ! fact ( consci\sness is myself z subject kn[+1 :]eas 9 reflection x is myself z subject reflect+1 &1 9 memory1 myself z subject rememb]+4 ,fancy & imag9ation are1 9 a loose way1 call$ creative faculties2 b prop]ly creative !y are n4 ,creation is production ( sub/antial exi/5ces or ?+s f no?+ t is1 )\t any mat]ials1 by ! sole en]gy ( ! creator4 ,fancy & imag9ation c op]ate only on & ) mat]ials :i* h be5 or are pres5t$ to ! m9d4 ,fancy is mimetic & simply imitates imag9ation1 z ?r\gh\t ! univ]se ! l[] imitates ! high]1 z ! univ]se copies ! ,creator1 or seeks to actualize ! type 9 ! ,div9e m9d2 & h5ce ,/4 ,?omas says1 ,deus similitudo e/ omnium r]um4 ,god creates all ?+s aft] ! type or ideal 9 8 own m9d1 & idea 9 m5te div9a nihil e/ aliud quam ess5tia ,dei4 ,h5ce1 man is said to be made aft] ! image & lik5ess ( ,god1 ad imag9em et similitud9em1 ?\gh he is n ! image ( ,god2 = t is ! ,et]nal ,^w1 :o1 ,/4 ,paul tells u1 is ! brightness ( 8 glory & ! express image ( 8 sub/ance1 or be+4 7,heb4 i4 #c47 ,fancy is mimetic1 & plays ) s5sations & s5sibles2 b ?\gh x comb9es !m 9 its own way1 z a w+$ horse1 ! objects comb9$ are always objects ( exp]i5ce4 ,imag9ation is ( a high] ord] ?an fancy1 & op]ates on & ) objects ( exp]i5ce1 s5sibles1 intelligibles1 & ! ideal pr9ciples intuitively giv54 ,x sweeps ?r\gh ! :ole range ( creation1 desc5ds to hell1 & rises to heav52 b its objects are always ^? :i* h be5 pres5t$ to ! m9d1 :i* x c only arrange & comb9e 9 new =ms ( its own4 #ggd ,b ! repres5tations x produces are its products1 n its object4 ,9 produc+ !m1 ! m9d has a real object z its correlate1 z 9 pres5tation4 ,let ! pr(essor1 !n1 ab&on ! absurdity :i* runs ?r\gh 8 book t a m5tal creation or repres5tation is ! object ( ! s\l 9 produc+ x4 ,! object ( ! s\l is ! object ^: activity jo9$ to its own produces x4 ,take ! arti/4 ,! object 9 8 ri*e/ & sublime/ productions is ! beautiful :i* he sees1 :i* is 8 s\l's vision & 8 s\l's love1 & :i* he seeks to express on canvas1 9 a /atue1 a temple1 an oration1 a poem1 or a melody4 ,tell u n1 z s _m ae/hetic writ]s d1 t ! arti/ projects f 8 own s\l1 or creates ! beauty :i* he /ruggles to express 9 8 "w1 & :i* he c nev] express to 8 satisfaction4 ,! ideal inf9itely transc5ds ! expression4 ,! s\l contemplates ! beautiful1 b does n create x4 ,! beautiful1 z ,plato some:]e says1 is ! spl5dor ( ! ,good4 ,x is ! spl5dor ( ! ,true & ! ,good1 t is1 ( ,god2 ?\gh ,giob]ti1 9 8 ,del ,bello1 seems to divorce x f ! ideal1 &1 :ile ass]t+ ! reality ( ! object1 w\ld appe> to resolve ! beautiful into ! subjective impression on ! s5sibility1 produc$ by ! appreh5sion ( ! object1 :i* supposes t beauty exi/s only = s5sible exi/5ces4 ,x is z real z ,god himself1 & z objective z ! ideal =mula4 ,x is ! div9e spl5dor1 insep>able f ! ,div9e ,be+4 ,ev]y?+ ,god has made p>ticipates1 9 a high] or l[] degree1 ( beauty1 because x p>ticipates ( be+2 b beauty itself 9 its inf9ity is only 9 ,god himself1 :i* exce$s all ! p[] ( m5 & angels to repres5t4 ,! arti/1 by ! noetic p[] ( ! s\l1 :i*1 if a true arti/1 he possesses 9 a high] degree ?an ord9>y m51 beholds1 contemplates1 & loves x4 ,x is2 z we h j said1 ! vision ( 8 s\l & ! object ( 8 love4 ,he detects x 9 creatures1 9 ! region ( fancy1 9 ! m9d1 & 9 ! s\l itself1 & adores x 9 ! ideal4 ,! p[] ( detect+ x 9 s5sibles is fancy2 9 ! ideal1 is imag9ation4 ,9 seek+ to repres5t x or express x 9 8 productions1 x is ! real1 ! objective1 he seeks to express or embody4 ,he may =m 9 8 m9d a repres5tation ( x1 b t repres5tation is n ! object ( ! m9d 9 ei!r fancy or imag9ation1 nor is x a pure m5tal repres5tation1 n only because x is =m$ aft] ! real1 b because x is =m$ only 9 conjunction ) ! activity ( ! real4 ,footnote #bhb ,footnote #bhb3 ,! arti/ ought always to be highly moral & dev\t1 b :e!r s or n dep5ds on ! motive ) :i* he acts1 or purpose = :i* he seeks to embody ! beauty he sees4 ,! relation ( ae/hetics to e?ics1 ( art to religion is easily und]/ood4 ,art is n1 z "s ,g]mans w\ld p]suade u1 religion1 nor is ! culture ( art true religi\s wor%ip4 ,art may be lic5ti\s1 & is1 :5 x embodies only ! s5sual passions & affections ( our nature1 & ! m s 9 proportion to ! exquisite t\* & skill 9 ! execution4 ,9 no case c ! brilliancy & p]fection ( ! execution atone = ! moral de=mity ( ! object repres5t$4 ,art :i* appeals simply to ! s5ses1 & inspires only s5sible devotion1 is n necess>ily immoral1 b is n positively moral or religi\s4 ,b art :i* seeks to embody or express ! ideal1 ! spl5dor ( ! real1 ! true1 ! good1 :e!r z pres5t$ 9 ! ideal intuition1 or z p>ticipat$ by ! creatures ( ,god1 c h>dly fail to be moral & religi\s 9 its effect z well z 9 its ideal4 ,god is wor%ipp$ 9 _s & 9 tru?1 ev5 wor%ipp$ 9 8 works1 = he ent]s into all 8 works z _! cause1 & _! be+ is 9 him4 ,we praise ,god 9 8 sa9ts1 9 all 8 works ( nature or grace4 ,! art is n ! wor%ip1 b x is an adjunct to wor%ip1 & h5ce religion 9 all ages has call$ into its s]vice ! highe/ & ri*e/ =ms ( art4 #gge ,^! rem>ks are suffici5t to %[ t all t ,dr4 ,port] says ( ! faculty ( ,repres5tation is1 :5 n confus$ or false1 ( no mom5t4 ,he d>k5s in/ead ( elucidat+ 8 subject4 ,we pass on1 !re=e1 to 8 ,"p ,,iii41 on ,?9k+ & ,?\ght-,k4 ,! m5tal op]ations treat$ by ! au?or "u ! head ( ,?9k+ & ,?\ght-k1 are ^? :i* ,locke calls by ! g5]al "n ( reflection1 & are conception1 ab/raction1 or g5]alization1 judgm5t1 reason+1 d$uctive & inductive1 & sci5tific or sy/ematic arrangem5t4 ,!y are n faculties1 b op]ations ( ! m9d4 ,! prop] ,engli% "n = ! faculty on :i* !y dep5d1 s f> z usage goes1 is n ?\ght1 nor ! p[] ( ?\ght--= e intellectual act1 :e!r repres5tative or pres5tative1 is a ?\ght--b und]/&+ or reason4 ,! old ^w 0 und]/&+1 b x is objectionable1 because x includes1 accord+ to pres5t usage1 only ! intellectual activity ( ! s\l1 & implies no?+ ( volunt>y activity4 ,reason is ! bett] t]m2 = x comb9es bo? ! intellectual & ! volitive activity ( ! s\l4 ,! objection ( ! pr(essor t reason is us$ = ! v highe/ ( ! rational functions1 or else 9 a v indef9ite s5se = all t di/+ui%es man f ! brute1 does n appe> to u to be conclusive4 ,e intellectual act1 ! highe/ z ! l[e/1 is ?\ght1 an act ( "o & ! same ?9k+ faculty4 ,! objects & conditions ( k may v>y1 b ! faculty ( k does n v>y ) !m4 ,reason is n us$ 9 a m indef9ite s5se :5 us$ = all t di/+ui%es man f ! brute1 ?an is ?\ght z us$ by ! pr(essor4 ,man is well def9$ to be animal rationale1 or rational animal2 b ?is does n mean t man is animal plus reason1 b ! animal trans=m$ by reason2 & h5ce !re is a specific diff]5ce betwe5 ! sort ( intellig5ce :i* x seems difficult to d5y to animals1 & ! intellig5ce ( man4 ,all human intellig5ce is rational1 ! product ( reason4 ,col]idge & our ,am]ican transc5d5tali/s1 aft] ,kant1 attempt$ to di/+ui% betwe5 und]/&+ ,v]/& & reason ,v]nunft1 & to re/rict und]/&+ to t portion ( our k :i* is d]iv$ ?r\gh ! s5ses1 & reason to an ord] ( k t transc5ds all und]/&+1 & to :i* only ! gift$ few ev] atta94 ,b !y h n be5 successful4 ,k ( ! highe/ objects1 z ( ! l[e/1 is by ! same faculty1 & we may /ill use reason 9 its old s5se1 z ! subjective pr9ciple ( all ! op]ations ! pr(essor calls ?9k+4 ,! ^w reason is1 inde$1 us$ 9 an objective z well z 9 a subjective s5se4 ,z subjective1 x is a faculty ( ! s\l2 ! objective reason is ! ideal =mula1 & creates & con/itutes ! subjective reason4 ,c\s9 di/+ui%es betwe5 ! two1 b z betwe5 ! p]sonal & ! imp]sonal--a m]e modal di/9ction1 n a di/9ction ( sub/ance4 ,he id5tifies ! objective reason ) ! ,greek text or ,^w ( ,god1 :ile x is really id5tical ) ! ideal =mula1 :i* embraces bo? be+ & exi/5ces1 unit$ & di/+ui%$ by ! creative act ( be+1 z expla9$ 9 our =m] article4 ,?is ass]ts a di/9ction ( subject & ( sub/ance betwe5 ! objective & subjective reason ass]t$ by ,c\s94 ,9 ! objective reason1 ,god1 9 ! subjective1 man1 is ! actor2 & !re is all ! diff]5ce ( sub/ance betwe5 !m t !re is betwe5 ,god & man1 or betwe5 real1 univ]sal1 & necess>y be+1 & f9ite1 cont+5t exi/5ce4 #ggf ,!y ought n to be bo? call$ by ! same "n1 & we ourselves r>ely s call !m4 ,we ourselves call ! objective reason ! ideal =mula1 or1 briefly1 ! ideal2 yet good writ]s & speak]s d use ! ^w 9 bo? s5ses4 ,!y say1 ,man is end[$ ) reason1 or has a rational nature1 9 :i* !y employ ! t]m subjectively4 ,!y say1 also1 ( su* an ass]tion1 ,x is unreasonable1 or x is contr>y to reason2 t is1 to ! tru?1 or pr9ciple ( ?+s1 9 :i* !y use x objectively1 z !y d :5 !y speak ( ! pr9ciples affirm$ 9 ! ideal =mula1 & call !m ! reason1 necess>y & absolute ideas1 or ! pr9ciples ( reason2 = no?+ necess>y or absolute is or c be subjective4 ,we ourselves use ! ^w 9 a subjective s5se1 & und]/& by x ! faculty ( reason+1 or ! subjective pr9ciple ( all our m5tal op]ations4 ,x is n a simple p[]1 b a complex p[]1 embrac+ bo? ! p]cipi5t & volitive capacities ( ! s\l4 ,9 e rational op]ation ( ! s\l1 !re is bo? p]ception & volition1 & x is ?is fact t di/+ui%es reason f ! simple p[] ( p]ception1 or intellectual appreh5sion4 ,we see & we look1 & we look t we may see2 we he> & we li/51 & li/5 t we may he>4 ,! look+ & ! li/5+ are peculi>ly rational acts1 9 :i* ! s\l volunt>ily1 or by an act ( ! w1 directs h] intellectual capacities to a special intellectual purpose or end4 ,?is volunt>y activity1 or direction ( ! capacity to "k1 mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) free w2 x is ! volunt>ium ( ! !ologians1 di/+ui%$1 on ! "o h&1 f spontaneity1 & on ! o!r1 f ! lib] arbitrium1 or free w1 :i* is ! faculty ( elect+ or *oos+ betwe5 "r & wrong1 & implies1 :i*ev] x *ooses1 ! p[] to *oose ! contr>y4 ,x is ! pr9ciple ( all moral acc\ntability4 ,! volunt>ium is a simple1 volunt>y activity1 or p[] ( direct+ our att5tion to ?is or t intellectual object1 or ( us+ ! cognitive p[] 9 ! s]vice ( sci5ce4 ,! reason may be def9$1 !n1 ! s\l's faculty ( us+ h] intellectual & volitive p[]s = ! explication & v]ification ( ! k furni%$ by pres5tation4 ,) ^! prelim9>y rem>ks we proce$ to consid] "s ( ! m5tal op]ations :i* give u :at ,pr(essor ,port] calls ,?\ght-,k4 ,we d n "q ! fact ( ^! op]ations1 nor _! importance 9 ! developm5t ( our rational life2 :at we d5y is1 t !y are a p[] or faculty ( ! m9d1 & t 9 p]=m+ !m !y are objects ( ! m9d1 or t !y add any?+ to ! matt] ( our k4 ,! pr(essor says1 p4 #chc1 ,! p[] ( ?\ght reason z a capacity faculty = c]ta9 psy*ological processes1 is dep5d5t = its ex]cise & developm5t on ! l[] p[]s ( ! intellect4 ,^! furni% ! mat]ials = x to "w ) & ^u4 ,we mu/ appreh5d ! individual objects by means ( ! s5ses & consci\sness pure s5sism be=e we c ?9k ^! objects4 ,s 9 consci\sness & s5se-p]ception we d n ?9k1 & we mu/ appreh5d s5sibles be=e we c ?9k !m6 ,to intellectually appreh5d an object is to ?9k x4 ,intellectual appreh5sion & ?\ght are "o & ! same fact4 ,! pr(essor cont9ues1 ,we c classify1 expla91 & me?odize only individual ?+s1 & ^! mu/ fir/ be kn[n by s5se & consci\sness be=e !y c be unit$ & comb9$ into g5]als4 #ggg ,"h are two errors & "o tru?4 ,! fir/ error is 9 reg>d+ consci\sness z a cognitive p[] or faculty1 & ! second is 9 conf9+ ! individual ?+s to s5sibles1 or ! mat]ial _w4 ,we "k 9 pres5tative k n only ! s5sible b ! sup]s5sible1 ! intelligible1 or ideal4 ,! ideal pr9ciples _c be f\nd1 obta9$1 or creat$ by ! m9d's own activity1 & are appreh5d$ by ! m9d only z !y are giv5 intuitively by ! act ( ! ,creator2 b be+ giv51 !y are z really appreh5d$ & kn[n by ! m9d z any s5sible object2 nay1 are :at ! m9d appreh5ds t is mo/ cle> & lum9\s1 s lum9\s t x is only by _! light t ev5 s5sibles are m5tally appreh5sible or p]ceptible4 ,! "o tru? is t ! objects ( ! s\l 9 h] op]ations mu/ fir/ be kn[n ei!r by p]ception or intuition be=e !y c be classifi$1 expla9$1 & me?odiz$4 ,h5ce ! op]ations ( :i* ! au?or treats "u ?is head d n ext5d our k ( objects4 ,!y are all reflective op]ations1 & reflection c only re-pres5t :at has already be5 pres5t$4 ,! pr(essor is "r 9 ma9ta9+ t only individual objects are appreh5sible1 if he means t we appreh5d ?+s only 9 individuo or 9 concreto2 = ?is is :at we h all along be5 insi/+ on aga9/ him4 ,?+s are n appreh5sible 9 g5]al1 b 9 ! concrete4 ,h5ce ,rosm9i's mi/ake 9 mak+ ! fir/ & abid+ object ( ! intellect ens 9 g5]e1 :i* is a m]e possible ens1 & no real be+ at all4 ,x is simply conception or ab/raction =m$ by ! m9d op]at+ on ! intuition ( real be+1 :i* nev] is nor c be ab/ract$ or g5]aliz$4 ,yet ! au?or has argu$ "u bo? pres5tative k & repres5tative k t ! m9d1 sometimes )1 & sometimes )\t1 any?+ di/9ct f & indep5d5t ( itself1 creates its own object2 & t ! object1 z well z ! act1 may be purely psy*ical4 ,?us he tells u t 9 s5se-p]ception we d n p]ceive ! mat]ial ?+ itself1 b ! jo9t product ( ! mat]ial ag5t & ! s5ti5t organism2 & t 9 repres5tation ! object repres5t$ may be unreal1 *im]ical1 & exi/ only 9 ! s\l1 & = ! s\l alone4 ,& he dwells ) great unction on ! relief & advantage "o f9ds 9 escap+ f ! real _w to ! unreal :i* ! s\l creates = h]self4 ,true1 he says t :atev] ! object1 real or unreal1 ab/ract or concrete1 x is appreh5sible only z an individual object2 b ! unreal1 ! *im]ical1 ! ab/ract1 is nev] individual4 ,:y does he call conceptions concepts1 if n because he holds ! conception is bo? ! act & ! object ( ! m9d 9 conceiv+8 ,& does he hold ! concept to be always individual1 nev] g5]al8 ,conception1 9 8 sy/em1 is always a g5]alization1 or a g5]al notion1 =m$ by ! m9d1 & exi/+ only 9 ! m9d4 ,h[1 !n1 c x be an object ( ! m9d8 ,he says truly ! object is individual1 b ! concept 7p4 #cia7 is uni=mly g5]al4 ,& yet1 9 ! v fir/ p>agraph on ! next page1 he calls x an object ( cognition6 ,f>!r on1 he says1 ,! concept is a purely relative object ( k1 :atev] t may mean2 & 9 ! same section1 section #chi1 he speaks ( x z a m5tal product & m5tal object4' ,to our und]/&+1 he ?us contradicts himself4 #ggh ,yet we hold t :atev] ! m9d cognizes at all1 x cognizes 9 ! concrete1 z an individual object4 ,& !re=e we d5y t ! ideas ( ! necess>y1 ! univ]sal1 ( necess>y cause1 & ! l1 :i* ! au?or calls intuitions1 & treats z fir/ pr9ciples1 necess>y assumptions1 ab/ract ideas1 etc41 are ab/ractions1 m5tal conceptions1 or g5]alizations2 = !re are no concretes or individual objects f :i* !y c be ab/ract$ or g5]aliz$4 ,z we really appreh5d !m1 :5 affirm$ 9 ! ideal =mula by ! div9e act1 & z we _c appreh5d :at is nei!r be+ nor exi/5ce1 z ! au?or himself says1 ?\gh cont9ually ass]t+ ! contr>y2 & z e exi/5ce is a f9ite cont+5t exi/5ce1 !y mu/ be real1 necess>y1 & univ]sal be+4 ,!y _c be g5]alizations ( be+2 = no?+ is conceivable m g5]al & univ]sal ?an be+4 ,be+1 tak5 9 its prop] s5se1 z ! ens simplicit] ( ! s*oolm51 is itself t :i* is mo/ individual &1 at ! same "t1 ! mo/ g5]al1 ! mo/ p>ticul> & ! mo/ univ]sal4 ,^! s-call$ necess>y ideas1 !n1 are be+2 & 9 appreh5d+ !m z intuitively affirm$1 we d really appreh5d be+4 ,h5ce1 z be+1 real & necess>y be+1 is ,god1 :om ! !ologians call ,ens necess>ium et reale1 ,god1 9 affirm+ ! ideal =mula1 intuitively affirms himself1 & we really appreh5d him1 n z he is 9 himself1 9 8 ess5ce1 inde$1 b z be+1 ! ideal or ! intelligible1 t is1 z fac+ our intellig5ce2 or1 9 o!r words1 we appreh5d him z ! subject ( ! judgm5t1 ,ens creat exi/5tias1 or z ! subject ( ! pr$icate exi/5ces1 unit$ & di/+ui%$ by 8 creative act1 ! only real1 z ! only possible1 copula4 ,! au?or makes man ! analogon ( ,god1 &1 inde$1 ,god 9 m9iature1 or a f9ite ,god1 & gravely tells u1 p4 #ajj1 t we h only to conceive ! limitations ( our be+ remov$1 & we h ! conception ( ,god4 ,b z we are n be+1 b exi/5ce1 we are f9ite & limit$ 9 our v nature2 remove ! limitations1 & we are n ,god1 b no?+4 ,elim9ate ! f9ite1 says ,pre ,gratry1 & y h ,god1 9 ! same way & by ! same process t ! ma!matician has 8 inf9itesimals4 ,b ?is process ( elim9ation ( ! f9ite gives ! ma!matician only ! inf9itely less ?an ! f9ite numb] or quantity1 & x w\ld give ! !ologian n ! inf9itely great] b ! inf9itely less ?an ! f9ite exi/5ce4 ,besides1 ! process c\ld at be/ give u n ,god 9 8 be+1 b a m]e ab/ract ,god1 exi/+ only z a m5tal g5]alization4 ,! univ]sal _c be conclud$ f ! p>ticul>1 nor ! necess>y f ! cont+5t1 because1 )\t ! intuition ( ! univ]sal & ! necess>y1 we h & c h no exp]i5ce ( ! p>ticul> & ! cont+5t--a fact we comm5d to ! consid]ation ( ! inductive !ologians4 ,z ! conception is always g5]al1 x c nev] be ! object ( ! m9d 9 ! fact ( ?\ght4 ,x is a product ( ! m9d op]at+ on ! individual object or objects ) :i* ! m9d has ?\ght1 & is nev] ! object itself4 ,! same may be said ( g5]alization1 ab/raction1 & e =m ( reason+4 ,b if ?is be s1 9 :at are conceptions1 ab/ractions1 etc41 kn[n8 ,if !y are kn[n at all1 !y mu/ be objects ( k2 if n kn[n at all1 h[ c we ?9k or speak ( !m8 #ggi ,!y are kn[n 9 kn[+ _! concretes1 z ! au?or himself tells u4 ,z concepts1 ab/ractions1 g5]alizations1 or g5]al notions1 !y d n exi/ 9 nature1 & _c be kn[n or ?\ght4 ,b !y exi/ z qualities or prop]ties ( ?+s1 & are kn[n 9 kn[+ ! ?+s !mselves4 ,?us we "k r\nd ?+s2 all r\nd ?+s h ! same prop]ty ( be+ r\nd2 we may1 !n1 consid] only ?is prop]ty common to all r\nd ?+s1 & =m ! g5]al conception ( r\ndness2 b we d n see or appreh5d r\ndness1 & ! object ( ?\ght is always ! r\nd ?+4 ,s ( all s-call$ univ]sals t are ab/ractions1 conceptions1 or g5]alizations4 ,! object kn[n is ! concrete2 ! ab/raction1 ab/ract$ f x1 be+ no?+1 is n kn[n or ev5 ?\ght4 ,b ,c\s91 9 8 ,philosophie ,s*ola/ique1 has v prop]ly di/+ui%$ g5]al conceptions or g5]al notions f g5]a & species4 ,! =m] are real only 9 _! concretes1 & kn[able only 9 !m2 ! latt] are real1 & actually exi/ a p>te rei4 ,g5us has relation to g5]ation1 & is z real z ! individual1 = x g5]ates ! individual4 ,h5ce1 we _c agree ) ,leibnitz1 :5 he makes ! g5us or species consi/ 9 resemblance1 & decl>es t resemblance real4 ,! individual does n m]ely mimic ! g5us1 b is produc$ by x4 ,! g5us is always causative 9 relation to ! species1 & ! species1 9 relation to ! individual4 ,! intelligible is always causative 9 relation to ! s5sible1 :i* copies or imitates x4 ,! g5us is n ! possibility ( individuals1 nor are !y its realization4 ,x is n a prop]ty or a quality ( m5 z individuals1 = x is1 9 ! ord] ( second causes1 ! cause produc+ !m1 & !re=e _c be g5]aliz$ f !m1 or be a g5]al notion or conception1 l r\ndness1 ! g5]alization or ab/ract ( r\nd4 ,)\t ! g5us !re c\ld be no g5]ation1 z )\t a g5]ator !re c\ld be no g5us4 ,yet1 ?\gh g5]a & species1 ! only univ]sals1 prop]ly s-call$1 are1 z ! old reali/s held1 real1 exi/+ a p>te rei1 & are di/+ui%able f ! individuals1 z ! g5]ator f ! g5]at$1 ! species f ! specificat$2 !y are n sep>able1 & d n exi/ ap>t f !m4 ,adam 0 an individual1 liv$1 act$1 s9n$1 rep5t$1 & di$1 z an individual man2 yet 0 he ! g5]ic1 z well z individual1 man2 = he 0 ! :ole human race1 & ! prog5itor ( all m5 t h be5 born or are to be born4 ,b :ile we adopt1 9 relation to g5]a & species1 ! doctr9e ( ! m$iaeval reali/s1 we hold ) reg>d to o!r s call$ univ]sals ) ,/4 ,?omas1 :o says !y exi/ 9 m5te cum fundam5to 9 re4 ,! fundam5tum 9 re ( conceptions1 ab/ractions1 & g5]alizations is precisely ! individual objects appreh5d$ by ! m9d f :i* reason ab/racts or g5]alizes !m4 ,! only po9t :i* we n[ make aga9/ ! au?or is t ! object ( ?\ght or k is n ! conception or notion1 b ! object f :i* ! reason =ms x2 & t 9 x no?+ is ?\ght beyond t object4 ,philosophy has be5 dive/$ ( its sci5tific "*1 made inf9itely p]plex+ & mo/ difficult to be und]/ood1 z well z utt]ly wor?less1 by be+ reg>d$ z ! sci5ce1 n ( ?+s1 b ( ^! v conceptions1 ab/ractions1 & g5]al notions1 :i*1 ap>t f _! individuals or concretes1 are pure nullities4 #ghj ,we insi/ on ?is1 because we wi% to see philosophy br\ght back to ! real1 to objects ( exp]i5ce 9 _! relation to ! ideal =mula2 & our pr9cipal qu>rel ) ! pr(essor is1 t 8 philosophy is n real1 is n ! sci5ce ( realities1 b ( conceptions & ab/ractions4 ,we c h>dly pause on :at ! pr(essor says ( judgm5t & ! proposition4 ,we c only rem>k 9 pass+ t e ?\ght1 e p]ception1 ev51 is a judgm5t--a judgm5t t ! object ?\ght or p]ceiv$ is real or really exi/s4 ,e affirmation is a judgm5t1 & e judgm5t is an affirmation2 = d5ials are made only by affirm+ ! tru? d5i$4 ,pure negations are un9telligible1 pres5t no c\nt]action to ! m9d1 & _c be ?\ght4 ,! fool ha? said 9 8 he>t1 ,god is--n4 ,x is only by ass]t+ t ,god is t we c d5y t he is4 ,e negation is ! contradiction ( :at x affirms4 ,s-call$ negative judgm5ts are really affirmative4 ,we d n mean t d5ials _c be made1 = we are con/antly mak+ !m2 b !y c be made only by affirm+ ! tru?2 & ! d5ial t transc5ds ! tru? affirm$ 9 ! d5ial is simply v]bal1 & no real d5ial at all4 ,univ]sal negation is simply impossible2 & h5ce :5 we h %[n t any sy/em ( philosophy leads logically to nihilism1 or ev5 univ]sal scepticism1 we h refut$ x4 ,logicians tell u t ( contradictories "o mu/ be false2 b x is equally j to say1 t ( contradictories "o mu/ be true2 = tru? _c contradict itself1 & only tru? c contradict falsehood4 ,b we pass on to ,reason+1 :i* ! pr(essor holds to be m$iate judgm5t1 & to :i* we hold all ! reflective op]ations ( reason may be r$uc$4 ,:at a m$iate judgm5t is1 we d n "k4 ,reason+ may be necess>y z ! means & condition ( judg+ 9 a c]ta9 class ( cases1 b ! judgm5t itself is 9 all cases direct4 ,! error ( ! pr(essor "h1 z ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ?is ,"p ,,iii41 &1 inde$1 ( 8 :ole treatise1 is t he treats e "q f ! po9t ( view ( conception1 or ! g5]al notion1 in/ead ( ! po9t ( view ( reality1 z he _c help do+ z an inductive psy*ologi/4 ,reason+ is a reflective op]ation4 ,x op]ates on ! matt] pres5t$ by ideal intuition & exp]i5ce2 x cle>s up1 expla9s1 v]ifies1 & classifies :at is intuitively affirm$1 toge!r ) :at exp]i5ce pres5ts4 ,its in/rum5t is language4 ,we c ?9k )\t language1 & s f> ,de ,bonald 0 wrong1 unless he und]/ood1 z ! pr(essor does1 by ?\ght1 an act ( reflection2 b we _c reflect or reason )\t language ( "s sort to re-pres5t to ! m9d's contemplation ! ideal or intelligible intuition4 ,?is re-pres5tation is n an act ( ! s\l h]self1 nor ! direct & imm$iate act ( ! ,creator1 z is ! ideal intuition4 ,x is effect$ only by language 9 :i* ! ideal or intelligible is embodi$ & repres5t$1 & ( :i* x is ! s5sible sign or repres5tation4 ,9 o!r words1 ! ideal is an object ( reflection only z taught ?r\gh ! m$ium ( language2 = we mu/ be> 9 m9d t man is n pure _s or pure intellig5ce1 b _s unit$ to body1 & t he mu/ h "s sort ( s5sible repres5tation 9 ord] to reflect4 #gha ,h5ce ! p]ipatetic maxim1 nihil e/ 9 intellectu1 quod non prius fu]it 9 s5su1 :i* does n mean t only s5sibles are cognizable1 b t no?+ c be reflectively ?\ght1 or z ! ,italians say1 re-?\ght1 7rip5s>e17 )\t s5sible repres5tation4 ,t ,god is1 c be prov$ ) c]ta9ty by reason2 = we h imm$iate intuition ( t :i* is ,god 9 ! intuition ( real & necess>y be+2 b we _c rea* ! conclusion t ! intuitively affirm$ object really is ,god )\t reflect+ on ! intuition1 & ?is we _c d unless x is re-pres5t$ or held up to our contemplation 9 language1 or )\t its be+ s5sibly repres5t$ by ! ^w ,god4 ,language is ! necess>y in/rum5t ( reason2 we _c reason )\t x1 & only rational exi/5ces h language prop]ly s call$4 ,no animal depriv$ ( ! disc\rse ( reason has ev5 articulation4 ,^? philosoph]s1 or pret5d$ philosoph]s1 :o reg>d language ei!r z a human inv5tion or z ! spontane\s production ( human nature1 h nev] duly consid]$ its (fice 9 ! developm5t ( ?\ght1 & 9 ! rational op]ations ( ! s\l4 ,m5 c\ld n h inv5t$ language )\t reflection1 & )\t language !y _c reflect4 ,x ne$s language to be able to inv5t language4 ,! o!r !ory is no bett]4 ,! s\l does n secrete language z ! liv] secretes bile1 = language has 9 x m ?an human nature4 ,! spontane\s productions ( nature may be less ?an nature1 b _c be m4 ,!re is a philosophy 9 language broad] & deep] ?an human ?\ght1 a philosophy t embraces elem5ts :i* are kn[n only by revelation1 & :i* human nature does n conta94 ,all language is modell$ aft] ! ideal =mula4 ,its ess5tial elem5ts are subject1 pr$icate1 & copula1 or ! n\n1 adjective1 & v]b4 ,! v]b & adjective may be1 & (t5 are1 comb9$ 9 ! same ^w1 b !y c be resolv$ always into ! pr$icate & copula4 ,! copula is always ! v]b to be1 or its equival5t 9 o!r languages ?an our own1 & ?is v]b is ! only v]b 9 any language4 ,! v]b to be is precisely ! "n ( ,god himself1 ! ,,sum ,,qui ,,sum4 ,we _c make1 !n1 a s+le ass]tion b by ! ,div9e ,be+1 & he ent]s z ! copula into e "o ( our judgm5ts )\t :i* no affirmation c be express$4 ,b ,god is sup]natural1 & is ! au?or ( nature2 ! ideal =mula :i* is repeat$ 9 e judgm5t is n conta9$ 9 human nature1 is n 9 ! human m9d z 9 its subject1 b is above our nature1 & by affirm+ itself creates our nature1 bo? physical & intellectual4 ,h[ !n c\ld our nature1 op]at+ simply z second cause1 produce spontane\sly language :i* 9 its ess5tial nature expresses :at is beyond & above itself8 ,m51 especially philosoph]s1 or r !oriz]s1 h corrupt$ & /ill cont9ue to corrupt language1 z we c see 9 ! book be=e u2 b we h nev] yet he>d ( any "o by ! spontane\s action ( nature secret+ or produc+ a language1 or ( any "o hav+ a language )\t be+ taught x4 ,yet nature is all to-day t x ev] 01 & z fre%1 z vigor\s1 z prolific4 ,ev5 ! fall has n depriv$ x ( any ( its primitive faculties1 capacities1 prop]ties1 or t5d5cies4 ,if language is a spontane\s production ( human nature1 we ought to h "s in/ances ( *ildr5 gr[+ up & speak+ a ri* & philosophical language )\t hav+ ev] le>n$ x4 #ghb ,= ourselves1 we h a huge di/ru/ ( all ^? !ories :i* assume t nature c\ld & did d 9 ! pa/ :at %e does n & _c d 9 ! pres5t4 ,our savants employ !mselves 9 seek+ ! types ( dome/ic animals 9 ! wild races2 :y n seek ! type ( ! wild races 9 ! dome/ic8 ,:y suppose man c\ld & once did dome/icate races :i* he f9ds x difficult1 if n impossible1 to dome/icate n[8 ,we d n believe mu* 9 ! mod]n doctr9e ( progress1 b we believe j z little 9 ! wond]ful sup]iority ( nature & m5 9 ante-hi/orical times1 :i* is sometimes assum$1 especially by ! *ampions ( progress4 ,language is nei!r a human inv5tion nor a natural production1 b 0 creat$ by ,god himself & infus$ into man along ) ! affirmation ( ! ideal =mula1 :5 he made him & plac$ him 9 ! ,g>d51 & x has be5 p]petuat$ by tradition1 or by be+ h&$ d[n f fa!r or r "m to *ild4 ,x comes to u f ! h& ( ! ,creator2 he :o made man gave him spee*4 ,we c expla9 ! orig9 ( language 9 no o!r way1 z we c expla9 ! orig9 ( man only by say+ ) ! cate*ism1 ,god made him4 ,z language is ! in/rum5t ( reason1 & re-pres5ts to 8 contemplation ! ideal :i* ! ,creator fitt$ x to symbolize1 its corruption or confusion has a mo/ disa/r\s effect on philosophy4 ,x 0 conf\nd$ at ,babel1 & m5 lo/ ! unity ( spee*1 & ) x ! unity ( ! ideal1 & 7 disp]s$4 ,! ,g5tiles lo/ ! unity ( language1 & !y lo/ ) x ! unity ( ! ideal1 or ! copula ( ! div9e judgm5t1 & labor$ to expla91 z our mod]n savants are labor+ to expla91 ! exi/5ce & laws ( ! univ]se )\t ! creative act ( ,god4 ,language1 corrupt$ re-pres5t$ to ! anci5t ,g5tiles1 & z x does to our mod]n physiologi/s & psy*ologi/s1 ! ideal only 9 a mutilat$ =m1 & h5ce ! fatal error ( ,g5tilism & ( mod]n s-call$ sci5ce1 :i* ass]ts pan!ism4 ,x is necess>y1 9 ord] to h a true philosophy1 to h "s means ( pres]v+ ! purity & infallibility ( spee*1 & at no =m] p]iod 0 su* means m necess>y ?an x is n[4 ,! in/rum5t ( reason+ is language2 its =m is ! syllogism1 :i* is giv5 9 ! ideal =mula4 ,all ! matt] ( k is giv5 9 pres5tation1 & ! syllogism does n advance x2 b x expla9s1 di/+ui%es1 arranges x accord+ to ! real relations ( ! objects kn[n1 cle>s up :at is obscure1 & v]ifies :at is unc]ta91 d\btful1 by r$uc+ ! :ole to its pr9ciple or pr9ciples4 ,! pr9ciple & model ( ! syllogism are 9 ! ideal4 ,be+ & exi/5ces are ! extremes1 & ! creative act is ! m$ius t]m9us4 ,! major repres5ts be+1 ! m9or exi/5ces1 & ! middle t]m produces ! conclusion4 ,to ?is regul> =m ( ! syllogism e =m ( argum5t is r$ucible4 ,if ! major is univ]sal1 & ! m9or is prov$1 ! conclusion is necess>y & apodictic4 ,! modes 9 :i* reason op]ates are two1 d$uction & induction1 or analysis & syn!sis4 ,induction is simple analysis1 or :at ,kant calls analytic judgm5t1 & simply dissects ! subject1 analyzes x1 & br+s out to our di/9ct view :at is 9 x4 ,x is nev] illative1 b always explicative1 & enables u to di/+ui% ! "p 9 ! :ole1 ! prop]ty 9 ! ess5ce1 or ! effect 9 ! cause4 #ghc ,dr4 ,port] entirely mi/akes x 9 suppos+ x to be an imp]fect induction4 ,!re is no?+ inductive 9 x4 ,induction is :at ,kant calls a syn!tic judgm5t a po/]iori1 & adds an elem5t n conta9$ 9 ! subject analyz$4 ,9 syn!tic judgm5ts a po/]iori1 ! add$ elem5t is tak5 f exp]i5ce2 9 syn!tic judgm5ts a priori1 ! add$ elem5t is f ! ideal =mula1 intuitively giv51 or r1 ! ideal =mula is t into :i* :at ,kant calls syn!tic judgm5ts a priori are resolvable4 ,! syllogism is us$ 9 d$uction & 9 induction2 yet x is n prop]ly ei!r1 b is productive4 ,z be+ creates exi/5ces1 s ! major ?r\gh ! middle t]m unites ! m9or to itself & produces ! conclusion4 ,su* m5 z ,sir ,william ,hamilton & ,j4 ,/u>t ,mill1 :o reject ! middle t]m1 & hold ! major may be a p>ticul> proposition1 are misl$ by _! philosophy1 :i* excludes ! creative act ( ,god bo? f ! univ]se & f sci5ce4 ,no man :o has a false or defective philosophy c und]/& logic z a sci5ce4 ,pan!ism1 :i* excludes ! creative act1 is ! supreme sophism4 ,x is n easy to say :at ,dr4 ,port]'s views ( logic1 ei!r z a sci5ce or z an art1 really are4 ,! *ief compla9t aga9/ ! pr(essor "h is1 t he makes reason+ turn on ! laws ( ! m9d1 on conceptions1 & g5]al notions1 & reflect+1 z logic1 only ! relations & =ms ( ! creations or products ( ! m9d1 in/ead ( ! relations & =ms ( ?+s4 ,he /udies ev]y?+ f ! po9t ( view ( ! m5tal act1 in/ead ( /udy+ !m f ! po9t ( view ( ! ideal intuition1 :i* is ! po9t ( view ( ,god himself4 ,he !re=e gives 9 8 sci5ce1 n ?+s z !y are1 b z ! m9d conceives !m4 ,! conceptions & g5]al notions play1 no d\bt1 an important "p 9 ! process ( reason+1 b !y play n ! *ief "p1 nor d !y impose ^u logic ! laws x mu/ foll[4 ,! categories are n g5]al conceptions or g5]al notions1 =m$ by g5]aliz+ individuals or p>ticul>s4 ,m4 ,c\s9 assumes t he has r$uc$ !m to two1 sub/ance & cause1 or be+ & ph5om5on3 b z ) him sub/ance is a necess>y cause1 & z ph5om5on is only an appe>ance or mode ( sub/ance1 8 r$uction is really to "o1 ! category ( sub/ance1 :i* x is ne$less to say is pure pan!ism4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 may be r$uc$ to ! ?ree t]ms ( ! ideal =mula2 = :atev] is conceivable is be+1 exi/5ce1 or ! creative act ( be+4 ,! categories are n1 !n1 m]ely =mal1 simply conceiv$ by ! m9d cum fundam5to 9 re2 b are ! ideal pr9ciples ( ?+s !mselves4 ,take ! categories ( space & "t1 :i* seem to puzzle ! au?or z !y h puzzl$ _m great] & wis] m5 ?an he4 ,space is ideal & actual4 ,ideal space is ! p[] or ability ( ,god to ext]nize 8 act1 t is1 to create or act ad extra2 & actual space is ! relation ( coexi/5ce ( 8 ext]niz$ acts or creatures4 ,ideal space p]ta9s to be+1 is be+ itself2 actual space be+ a real relation betwe5 creatures1 &1 l all relations1 really exi/+ 9 ! relat$1 comes "u ! head ( exi/5ces1 & is jo9$ to be+ z well z di/+ui%$ f x by ! creative act4 ,! reason ( space & "t is ! same4 ,"t also is ideal & actual4 ,actual "t is ! relation ( succession1 & ideal "t is ! ability ( ,god to create exi/5ces t1 z second causes1 are explicat$ & complet$ successively1 or rea* _! end progressively4 ,ideal "t is ,god4 ,actual "t is creature1 s9ce all relations really exi/ 9 ! relat$4 ,! difficulty :i* s _m em95t m5 h felt ) reg>d to ^! two categories1 evid5tly r$ucible to ! t]ms ( ! ideal =mula1 gr[ out ( _! attempt to ab/ract !m1 ! ideal f ,god1 & ! actual f ! relat$1 :e!r exi/5ces or ev5ts4 ,take away ! body & ! space rema9s1 says ,c\s94 ,c]ta9ly2 because ! intuition ( ! ability ( ,god to ext]nize 8 act--t is to create--rema9s4 ,s ( "t4 ,s ( ! inf9ite l9es ( ! geometrician4 ,no actual l9e is inf9ite1 & ! conception ( its inf9ity is bas$ on ! intuition ( ! inf9ite p[] or ability ( ,god1 ! real gr\nd on :i* ! l9e1 :5 conceiv$ to ext5d beyond ! actual1 is project$4 ,!re are v>i\s o!r po9ts pres5t$ by ! le>n$ pr(essor 9 ?is "p & 9 ,"p ,,iv4 on :i* we int5d$ to comm5t1 b we h exhau/$ our space & ! pati5ce ( our read]s4 ,we h said en\gh1 h[ev]1 to %[ t he recognizes intuition only z an act ( ! s\l1 & !re=e1 h[ev] honorable 8 int5tion1 s9ce he fails to recognize ideal intuition1 :i* is ! act ( ,god1 he fails to get beyond exp]i5ce1 to ext5d sci5ce beyond ! s5sible or mat]ial _w ) ! op]ations ( ! s\l on s5sations1 & !re=e _c be foll[$ z a safe guide 9 ! philosophy ( ! human m9d4 ,he has le>n+1 indu/ry1 & ev5 philosophical in/9cts1 b is ru9$ by 8 s-call$ ,baconian me?od4 ---------- #ghd ,h]emore-,br&on2 ,or1 ,! ,=tunes ,( ,a ,newsboy4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,i c\ld n tell y "o half ! projects ,dick =m$ & reject$ z entirely hopeless be=e he at la/ succe$$ 9 induc+ a g5tleman :o _h be5 v k9d to him to make an (f] to ,mr4 ,br&on ( "s place 9 8 (fice1 :i*1 :ile x w\ld n be m ?an1 ) 8 n[ brok5 en]gies & fail+ heal?1 he c\ld easily p]=m1 if he _h ! disposition1 w\ld give him some?+ to help him live ^u4 ,soon aft] ?is (f] 0 made & 7) mu* grumbl+7 f9ally accept$1 ,dick1 )\t really seek+ x1 f\nd himself becom+ kn[n to ,mr4 ,br&on2 &1 ?anks to ! pati5ce ) :i* he li/5$ to t g5tleman's rail+s aga9/ ! _w1 & 8 own h>d =tunes 9 x1 tak5 into favor4 ,x 0 a v sad sight = a hopeful1 self-respect+1 ,god-fe>+ ,ca?olic l ,dick to see ?is qu]ul\s man1 f :om all vigor\s _s seem$ to h fl$1 brood+ ov] 8 losses1 in/ead ( hold+ up 8 head1 & bravely go+ =? to make ! mo/ ( :at 0 left2 a sad ?+ to he> ^! mis]able rep9+s 9 :i* !re 0 nev] a ?\ght ( gratitude = ! long ye>s ( com=t & pl5ty ) :i* ,god _h bless$ him4 #ghe ,b ,dick bore x pati5tly1 & s\ght 9 e way :i* 8 simple exp]i5ce c\ld devise to draw him f 8 despond5cy2 to inspire him ) "s tru/ 9 ,god4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 )\t any app>5t success1 o!r ?an great] condesc5sion f ,mr4 ,br&on1 :o1 at la/1 weak & n]v\s1 w\ld gladly avail himself ( ,dick's "y /r5g? 9 8 walks home4 ,& s1 9 "t1 t :i* _h seem$ ! impossible came to pass v naturally4 ,mr4 ,br&on urg$ ,dick to ent] ! h\se1 & he 0 receiv$ z a gue/ 9 ,miss ,br&on's home4 ,home x mu/ be call$1 ,i suppose2 ?\gh x 0 a dre>y1 desolate room1 ) bo>d+-h\se /amp$ 9 gl>+ lett]s all ov] ! grey walls & badly-assort$ furniture4 ,ev5 ,dick c\ld realize t x mu/ be a v diff]5t home f any :i* ,miss ,br&on _h ev] se5 be=e2 = x 0 f> diff]5t f ! only pretty rooms he _h ev] ent]$--^? de>1 clean1 sweet rooms at ,mrs4 ,ala9e's4 ,mr4 ,h]emore1 ,m>y1 0 8 introduction1 accompani$ by a patroniz+ wave ( ,mr4 ,br&on's h&4 ,d n be surpris$2 y "k ,i h nev] said--n ev5 9 8 days ( prosp]ity--t he 0 a g5tleman--,mr4 ,h]emore1 ,m>y2 a "y man :o has ?\ght x n wor? :ile to be unk9d & disrespectful to an old man :o has lo/ e ?+4 ,i h he>d my fa!r speak ( y (t51 said ,m>y v quietly2 b 9 su* g5tle tones t ,dick wond]$ h[ any man c\ld c\nt himself poor--kn[+ h]4 ,i really felt v n]v\s1 ,mr4 ,br&on fur!r expla9$1 ab\t com+ home alone4 ,i h be5 s v uncom=table to-day4 ,b t's ( no consequ5ce1 ( c\rse1 n[4 ,i am v glad y br\ght ,mr4 ,h]emore1 ,m>y answ]$ readily1 & ) m w>m? ?an be=e2 & ,i am sure he 0 v c>eful ( y4 ,aft] t1 conv]sation became some:at easi]2 al?\gh ,dick felt half l an impo/or1 & c\ld n d mu* to second ,miss ,br&on's ef=ts to make ! h\r g by pleasantly4 ,%e _h sev]al albums & scrap-books ( engrav+s ) :i* %e tri$ to ent]ta9 him2 b to d 8 be/1 he c\ld ?9k ( little else ?an ! languid1 we>y mann] :i* _h replac$ ! quick /eps & /ately sweetness he _h kn[n ( old4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,br&on left !m = a few m9utes1 %e turn$ ) animation & said3 ,mr4 ,h]emore1 ,i mu/ ?ank y = y\r k9dness to my fa!r4 ,i w\ld n h him suppose ,i consid] x k9dness1 b 9 my he>t ,i "k x is1 & ,i "k y mean x z su*4 ,s9ce ?+s h gone wrong ) him1 he seems to h *ang$ 8 :ole nature2 he does n appe> to h any c\rage to /& aga9/ ! tide4 ,i suppose x w\ld h be5 v diff]5t if ,mrs4 ,br&on _h liv$2 a wife w\ld h kept 8 spirits up z no "o else c4 ,i "k1 /amm]$ ,dick1 n kn[+ :at to say "u ! gaze ( h] beautiful eyes1 ,i "k--t ! dea? ( y\r "m la/ summ]-- ,mrs4 ,br&on1 y mean1 %e int]rupt$ 9 h] quiete/ tones1 t is1 my fa!r's second wife4 ,?is ,mrs4 ,br&on 0 n my "m2 my own "m di$ long ago4 ,?is s coldly t1 = "s inexplicable reason1 ,dick fanci$ %e 0 glad to correct him4 #ghf ,y 7 9 ! c>riage at ! same "t1 said ,dick1 feel+ t he mu/ say some?+4 ,yes1 answ]$ ,m>y1 b ,i rememb] little ab\t x2 z soon z we f\nd ! horses 7 runn+ away1 ,mrs4 ,br&on became v mu* al>m$1 & almo/ be=e ,i c\ld say a ^w to h]1 we 7 ?r[n out1 & 7 bo? pick$ up s5seless4 ,%e 0 n consci\s ( any?+ aga94 ,all ^! ?+s toge!r h completely unn]v$ poor papa1 & ,i really feel v grateful to any "o :o is int]e/$ 9 him4 ,8 old fri5ds h receiv$ b little enc\ragem5t to visit u "h1 al?\gh x is only a fancy ( papa's1 ,i am sure1 t !y feel any diff]5ce1 & he is (t5 q lonely4 ,mr4 ,br&on soon return$1 & seem+ to wi% 8 daught]'s undivid$ att5tion1 ,dick rose & said1 good-night4 ,x ne$ h>dly be said t he 0 aft] ?is m en?usia/ically devot$ to _! =tunes ?an ev] be=e4 ,he sp5t a few h\rs !re at diff]5t times dur+ ! w9t] & spr+1 & soon f\nd himself at ease 9 t dre>y room2 b z he knew ,m>y bett]1 8 rev]5ce = h]1 :ile x dim9i%$ n 9 ! lea/1 became a deep & f]v5t feel+1 :i* kept h] always 9 8 ?\ghts4 ,%e1 too1 seem$ to reg>d him ) v k9dly feel+s1 & ! sympa?y betwe5 !m 0 s /rong t x bore d[n _m ( _! diff]5ces ( association & education1 & ea* 0 a/oni%$ to f9d an unexpect$ly ready und]/&+ 9 ! o!r4 ,b z yet ,dick _h said no?+ ( ! little girl on ! /eps :o gave him h] c&y "o cold ,*ri/mas morn+ ye>s ago4 ,once at ,new-,ye>'s1 & aga9 on ! #bb;d ( ,febru>y1 holidays on :i* he 0 free1 ,dick _h be5 d[n to ! cottage 9 ! c\ntry1 & _h se5 ,rose & ! boys skate & make sn[-h\ses1 & sp5t two ( ! cozie/1 happie/ ev5+s ( 8 life ar\nd ! bright fire1 talk+ pleasant talk ) ^? de> p1 among :om alone he realiz$ ! fa9te/ idea ( ! ^w home4 ,n[ "t _h gone by s rapidly t he 0 to sp5d a :ole week !re z he _h ! ye> be=e4 ,b n exactly ! same2 = ! la/ "t he _h be5 !re a cle>1 bright day 9 ,febru>y1 :5 !y 7 all com+ home f ! skat+-pond toge!r--x _h *anc$ t he & ,rose _h fall5 f> 9 ! re> ( ! *ildr51 :o1 hav+ skat$ s9ce "o o'clock 9 ! ke5 air1 pr(ess$ !mselves ev] s hungry1 &1 z ,dick w\ld n hurry ) !m1 walk$ (f 9 disgu/1 ea* decl>+ to ! o!r t !y didn't l ,mr4 ,dick1 half s mu* ?is "t z be=e2 he 0 no good at all4 ,:at a magnific5t day6 ,dick said1 = ab\t ! t5? "t1 z he tramp$ by ,rose's side ?r\gh ! crisp sn[1 j z ! sun 0 go+ d[n 9 "o great gl[ be=e !m4 ,i ?9k ,i nev] saw a m spl5did w9t] day 9 all my life4 ,n ?9k+ ( any addition to ?is spee*1 & n be+ able ) tru? to contradict x1 ,rose kept on h] way1 h] neat little boots cutt+ ! sn[1 & mak+1 ,dick ?\ght1 ! mo/ delici\s music !re ev] 04 ,rose look$ especially *>m+ t aft]noon2 f ! v cr[n ( h] head1 ) h] weal? ( gold5 hair1 only half hidd5 by h] felt hat1 to ! da9ty little boots be=e m5tion$1 :i* h] w>m skat+ dress1 loop$ up1 did n ev5 affect to conceal1 ,rose 0 *>m+4 #ghg ,dick ?\ght t h] v cloak seem$ to ne/le m lov+ly to h] plump figure ?an ano!r's w\ld2 & z = ! t9y muff1 ,uncle ,c>l's pres5t1 & ! blue silk h&k]*ief knott$ ar\nd h] neck1 ,dick 0 c]ta9 t ,/ew>t nev] sold any?+ half s pretty4 ,s1 if 8 lips talk$ ab\t ! wea!r1 x is h>dly surpris+ t 8 eyes embrac$ ano!r subject2 & ,i "q if1 :5 h] demure glances met 8 gaze1 ,rose ne$$ words to tell h] its mean+2 =1 aft] all1 are words1 ! de>e/ & sweete/ t come f ! lips1 any de>] or sweet] ?an ^? ! eyes speak8 ,b :atev] %e knew1 ,rose 0 a true little woman1 & %[$ no sign4 ,?is is ! place :]e ,mrs4 ,br&on 0 ?r[n1 %e said1 z !y pass$ a broad /reet cutt+ across ! n>r[ road !y 7 foll[+4 ,j by ^? trees4 ,!y say ! horses c\ld h be5 manag$ only = h] screams2 a woman :o screams at su* a "t mu/ h v little s5se4 ,i ?9k s1 answ]$ ,dick1 look+ sadly t[>d ! place ,rose po9t$ out4 ,miss ,m>y behav$ wond]fully well1 cont9u$ ,rose1 ) "o quick look into ,dick's face z !y pass$ on4 ,%e 0 p]fectly calm1 & tri$ to quiet ,mrs4 ,br&on4 ,%e 0 v mu* hurt h]self4 ,yes1 s ,i h he>d2 %e %[s x1 too2 y w\ld h>dly recognize h] n[1 %e is s ?9 & alt]$4 ,b1 ( c\rse1 %e is m beautiful = t1 said little1 plump ,rose1 :o _h a great idea ( delicate1 fragile girls4 ,n m beautiful1 exactly1 answ]$ ,dick1 :o _h n a great idea ( delicate1 fragile girls1 b x makes "o feel = h] m4 ,i "k y feel = h] v mu*1 said ,rose4 ,i h always honor$ h] v mu*1 answ]$ ,dick w>mly4 ,x almo/ seems presumption = me to say ,i feel = h]2 b ,i d1 inde$ ,i d4 ,i am sure ( x1 ,rose respond$ ) great w>m?1 & !n !re 0 sil5ce = a long "t4 ,rose broke x ) a little trembl+ 9 ! fir/ ^w or two at h] own audacity1 b ga!r+ c\rage z %e w5t on3 ,i knew y did :5 y 7 "h la/ summ]2 !n ,i he>d ( h] fa!r's failure1 & !n x seem$ m natural2 &--n[--,i am v glad = y\r sake4 ,i hope y w be v happy4 ,i d1 inde$4 ,n[1 ,dick 0 no fool1 & :5 ! /rang5ess ( ?is spee* caus$ him to look h>d] ?an ev] into ! gl[+ b demure little face by ! side ( him1 he felt = ! mom5t a great incl9ation n to say a ^w2 = provok+ly innoc5t z %e look$1 he did n believe %e 0 at all s ignorant ( ! real /ate ( ?+s4 ,rose felt ! mom5t's hesitation1 &1 poor little ?+1 got fright5$ at h] own conjur+1 :i* fright s *ang$ ! expression ( h] face t ,dick's hesitation vani%$1 & he answ]$3 ,( c\rse ,i "k :at y mean1 ,rose1 al?\gh x is s /range4 ,i d n ?9k ( su* a ?+--x w\ld be v /range if ,i did4 ,y "k bett]1 don't y1 ,rose8 ,rose look$ up ) a c>eless answ]1 b ?\ght bett] ( x1 & said no?+4 ,y nev] did really ?9k x1 did y1 ,rose8 he add$1 pursu+ 8 advantage1 & repeat+ x until !re 0 no escape = ,rose1 :o _h to answ] tru?fully1 ,no4 ,%e hav+ made ?is concession1 he made "o1 & told h] ! /ory ( 8 boyi% days1 & ( ! ,*ri/mas day :5 he fir/ saw ,m>y ,br&on4 #ghh ,he _h n felt v easy ab\t ,rose's op9ion ( mu* he _h to tell h]1 & 0 greatly reliev$ :5 he saw all h] assum$ c>elessness dep>t1 & t %e li/5$ to him ) e>ne/ sympa?y4 ,he 0 s enc\rag$ by ! g5tle1 womanly int]e/ %e gave him t he did n /op ) ! hi/ory ( 8 boyi% days1 b w5t on to n>rate a lat] exp]i5ce2 v few words suffic$ = ?is4 ,:5 he told x1 ,rose und]/ood v well :y1 if ,m>y ,br&on 7 a que5 ^u h] ?rone1 %e w\ld be no m ?an fri5d or si/] to him4 ,aft] t1 !re seem$ no m to be said2 = !y f9i%$ ! walk 9 ! /ill w9t] twilight almo/ 9 sil5ce4 ,t 0 9 ,febru>y1 :5 ,dick w5t d[n to ,c>lton to sp5d ,wa%+ton's bir?day1 & x inaugurat$ a new era = ,w4 ,rose _h a sudd5 int]e/ 9 ! po/-(fice1 :i* 0 a long walk f ! cottage1 &1 9 ra9y wea!r or on v busy days1 0 beyond h] rea*4 ,i believe all h] sp>e p5nies w5t into ,w's c(f]s ab\t t "t1 & ,i am sure all h] cakes & apples w5t into 8 possession2 b1 = all t1 he 0 an ungrateful page1 & wi%$ !re wasn't no po/-(fices 9 ! _w1 :i* op9ion ,w may alt] :5 8 own "t comes4 ,?is 0 9 ,febru>y1 & x 0 n[ ,augu/1 & ,dick 0 go+ d[n = a week1 "o :ole week 9 ! c\ntry4 ,rose 0 at ! gate z %e _h be5 a ye> ago2 b %e did n say y are welcome1 z %e _h said be=e4 ,! *ildr5 took him into favor :5 !y f\nd he _h n come empty-h&$1 b _h br\ght ! books = ,w1 ! doll = ,trot1 & j su* toys = ! re/ z 7 mo/ desir$2 & ?\gh _m times 9 _! rambles ,w did h 8 pati5ce sorely tri$ by ,mr4 ,dick's ev]la/+ lagg+1 he 01 on ! :ole1 admitt$ to be an acquisition4 ,i believe1 ?\gh1 t ,rose's bosom-fri5d1 ,cl>a ,hays1 :o 0 always urg$ to be ( e p>ty1 & sadly neglect$ :5 %e got !re1 0 ! greate/ suff]]2 x is n e day y see lov]s :o are p]fectly well-br$ & consid]ate = ev]ybody4 ,my excuse = ,rose & ,dick is1 t !y only _h a week1 & a week is su* a %ort "t :5 "o is v happy6 ,dick's week 0 ne>ly at its end :5 8 bir?day1 8 tw5ty-fir/ bir?day came1 & 8 good fri5ds made a little rejoic+ = him 9 _! homely way4 ,x 0 a v beautiful ,augu/ day1 & 0 celebrat$ l a holiday by all ! family4 ,yet x 0 n exactly a cl\dless day = ,dick1 ?\gh x 0 ! fir/ bir?day ( 8 t _h ev] receiv$ ! slighte/ notice f any "o1 & ought to h made him radiantly happy4 ,he _h receiv$ a pres5t made = him ) h] own h&s1 ) no "o c\ld tell h[ _m lov+ ?\ghts ( him work$ 9 x1 f 8 own de> ,rose4 ,8 little table 0 cov]$ ) ! fir/ keepsakes he _h ev] receiv$ f any "o1 & /ill he 0 n happy4 ,among ! treasures on 8 little table !re /ood "o--:i* rem9ds me t ,i %\ld n h call$ ! o!rs ! fir/--f ! "m ^: face he c\ld n rememb]1 & :at might x n conta98 ,hi!rto he _h ?\ght b little ( ! box ( :i* ,c>l spoke s slight+ly ye>s ago2 b n[ t ! day ( op5+ x _h come1 he grew really afraid ( x4 ,he rememb]$ /ories ( v5geance bequea!d f ! grave1 ( crimes to be expiat$ by ! *ildr5 ( ! p]petrators ye>s aft]w>d1 ( fe>ful confessions ( s9 & sorr[ & wrong 9 c\ntless =ms2 & ,dick1 9 ! fir/ gl[ ( 8 fir/ joy\s days1 did n "k h[ he c\ld be> ev5 a mi/ ^u ! ris+ sun ( 8 happ9ess4 #ghi ,n until ! la/ ?+ to-night1 he said f9ally1 lay+ d[n ! box & turn+ away f ! table4 ,i w be happy to ! la/ m9ute1 & he w5t d[n to ask ,rose to walk ) him 9 ! beautiful twilight aft] tea4 ,x 0 e>li] ?an he _h ?\ght :5 he w5t d[n1 & ,rose 0 read+ 9 ! %ad[ ( ! por*1 or seem+ to read1 = a book 0 9 h] h&1 & n1 z he suppos$1 engag$ 9 gett+ tea4 ,i did n suppose ,i %\ld f9d y "h1 said ,dick4 ,%all ,i g away8 %e ask$1 look+ up & smil+4 ,yes1 d1 he repli$1 sitt+ by h]1 y "k !re's no?+ w\ld please me bett]4 ,b = all he tri$ to be gay1 ,rose saw t ! %ad[ %e _h obs]v$ ov] him all day 0 deep] ?an be=e4 ,de> fri5d1 %e said1 s(t5$ & made e>ne/ at once1 some?+ tr\bles y to-day4 ,yes1 de> ,rose1 ,i am tr\bl$ to-day 9 spite ( all ! k9dness %[n me4 ,my little box tr\bles me2 ,i am afraid to op5 x4 ,!n ! be/ ?+ is to d x at once1 is x n8 ,"o only makes su* ?+s worse by ?9k+ ab\t !m4 ,i "k x4 ,no1 ,i w n op5 x n[2 ,i w h e mom5t ( happ9ess ,i c fir/4 ,:at happ9ess c x take f y8 ,y w be y\rself /ill1 let !re be 9 x :at !re w4 ,our happ9ess is our own4 ,o ,rose6 ,o ,dick6 if we are good1 are we n happy8 ,& nobody c make u bad aga9/ our w4 ,b1 ,rose1 ?is may tell me some?+ t y--!re is my fe>1 ,rose1 x may take y away f me4 ,oh6 no1 ,dick1 de> ,dick1 h[ c any?+ take me away f y8 ,b ev5 if x did1 y "k we always said1 ',if x 7 = ! be/4' ,if x 7 n = ! be/1 we w\ld n wi% x1 w\ld we1 de>8 ,yes1 we c\ld help wi%+ x2 :5 ! good ,god saw x 0 n be/1 he w\ld give u /r5g? to be> x4 ,i nev] c\ld be> x1 said ,dick4 ,yes1 y w\ld2 b ,i am n afraid4 ,"o %\ld n be afraid ( "o's own p>5ts4 ,come1 !re is a long "t be=e tea4 ,we w g up ! hill :]e no "o w int]rupt u1 & :]e we %all be )9 call if we are want$4 ,won't y get ! box1 ,dick1 & we w op5 x up !re8 t is1 if y want me ) y4 ,y make me brave1 de> ,rose4 ,p]haps1 aft] all1 x is no?+4 ,s he did z %e advis$2 &1 seat$ a little back ( ! h\se1 ! only spot 9 :i* !re c\ld be five m9utes' read+ possible1 he broke ! seal1 undid ! wrapp+1 n[ yell[ ) age1 :ile ,rose spoke a ^w or two ( c\rage1 !n turn$ h] head a little away f him1 & y may be sure pray$ h>d & fa/ = /r5g? & grace = bo? to he> :atev] ( good or ( evil 0 9 /ore = !m4 ,inside ! wrapp] ,dick f\nd a t9y key ) :i* he eag]ly unlock$ ! little mahogany box :i* 01 p]haps1 to make great revelations to him4 ,!n ,rose drew /ill fur!r away1 f him1 & ) a m e>ne/ gaze wat*$ ! sun go+ d[n to ! we/2 = !y 7 "y1 & _m ?+s t y & ,i w\ld c\nt ! m]e/ trifles1 7 ( great importance to !m2 nei!r ?\ght ( any?+ worse ?an ( some?+ :i* %\ld sep>ate !m4 #gij ,poor little ,rose trembl$ le/ he %\ld f9d a w !re9--z %e _h read 9 /ory-books--t w\ld make him too ri* & great = h] to ?9k ( him2 & ,dick1 to :om h] love = him _h always seem$ a wond]--s great 0 8 rev]5ce = h] & 8 own feel+ ( unwor?9ess--trembl$ le/ he %\ld f9d "s legacy ( disgrace t w\ld make x impossible = him ev] to see ,rose aga94 ,s 9 sil5ce & ) wordless b e>ne/ pray]s1 !y sat toge!r 9 ! s(t5+ ,augu/ sunlight1 ) he>ts beat+ heavily = fe> x might be = ! la/ "t4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,aft] all1 !re 0 n mu* 9 ! my/]i\s box4 ,a squ>e package1 look+ l a lett]1 fold$ 9 ! old /yle1 & j fitt+ 9 ! box1 lay upp]mo/2 ^u ! outside ( :i*1 9 a cle>1 r\nd h&1 0 writt5 ! "n ,ri*>d ,h]emore4 ,be=e break+ ! seal ( ?is1 ,dick took out two pap] boxes1 9 ea* ( :i* 0 a m9iature1 pa9t$ on ivory2 he glanc$ at "o1 !n ) an expression ( int5se relief1 n unm+l$ ) some?+ ( awe1 he1 = ! fir/ "t1 turn$ to ,rose4 ,look1 ,rose1 he said1 9 a l[ voice4 ,d y ?9k ?is is y\r "m8 %e ask$1 9 a voice ev5 l[] & m rev]5tial ?an 81 aft] a long1 long look2 = x 0 a "y & beautiful face1 ) cle> eyes t look$ frankly at y1 & t bore 9 e feature ! unmi/akable /amp ( true womanl9ess4 ',d y ?9k ?is is y\r "m8 ,i _c tell yet1 said ,dick2 b z ?is is "h1 x's all "r2 !re's no?+ m to dread n[6 ,b ,rose did n answ]4 ,h] quick eyes _h se5 m ?an ! "*2 !y _h plac$ ! orig9al ( t portrait 9 h] prop] social sph]e1 & t--! highe/4 ,! o!r m9iature 0 ( a man some:at old]1 ?\gh n m ?an tw5ty-five or ?irty1 if s mu*2 b x 0 a face ( less "* & less culture4 ,dick %[$ x to ,rose1 b nei!r made any comm5t ^u x4 ,dick !n broke ! seal ( ! lett]1 & aga9 ,rose turn$ away h] face4 ,a few slips ( pap] fell out z he unfold$ ! package2 ^! he ga!r$ up )\t look+ at !m1 & !n1 call+ ,rose's "n once m1 he read 9 a l[ voice1 f ! yell[ pap]1 8 "m's lett]3 ,my ,de> ,*ild3 ,i h put aside a few little ?+s t h be5 treasures to me1 & z ,i may n live to see ! day :5 ,i c give !m to y1 ,i write a few l9es ) !m1 :i* possibly may come to y\r eyes "s day4 ,a heal?y1 ruddy little fell[ y are1 creep+ ar\nd my feet & try+ to climb up my dress z ,i write1 & ,i am s weak a woman t ,i may h>dly /oop to raise my d>l+ to my lap4 ,x is h>d = me1 see+ y s1 to write to y z a man2 & :at k9d ( a man ,i h no way to judge4 ,i fe> ,i %all n live long en\gh to leave any impression ( y\r "m's face ^u y2 & :at w become ( y1 my own de> *ild1 9 ?is t]rible _w aft] ,i am gone1 ,i d>e n ?9k4 ,y are s t5d] & good n[ t ,i _c realize t y w *ange2 b y w h no "o to guide y4 ,y put y\r arms up to me1 y\r br[n1 h>d little arms1 z if to beg me n to speak ( ?is1 & ,i w try to believe t ,god w save y ?r\gh ev]y?+2 s t :5 y read ?is1 y w be "o :om ,i w\ld be pr\d to own if ,i liv$4 #gia ,y are my greate/ com=t1 & su* a com=t6 ,x seems z if y knew ev]y?+1 & c\ld console = ev]y?+2 & (t5 ,i ?9k t = y ,i %all 9 "s way f9d /r5g? to /ruggle on = a few ye>s m4 ,de> *ild1 ,i "k n h[ mu* or h[ little to tell y4 ,i w\ld l to write volumes = y1 t y might "k me 9 ! future days :5 no fa!r1 "m1 or bro!r w be ne> to help y 9 y\r tr\bles4 ,b ,i c only write a little4 ,i h be5 m>ri$ five ye>s1 & y are my olde/ b n my only *ild4 ,y h a sweet little si/] asleep on ! b$4 ,i say ! words to y al\d1 & y creep on tiptoe to look at h]1 turn+ & smil+ at me z y g4 ,ev5 if %e %\ld live aft] ,i am gone1 :i* ,i _c wi% =1 ,i _c tell :e!r y w be kept toge!r2 if n1 ,i "k y w c>e = h] if x is possible1 if only because y\r dead "m asks x4 ,i _c believe ! wond]ful *ild-love y h = h] & me w be p]mitt$ to die out1 or t y\r he>t c ev] gr[ h>d1 y\r he>t s t5d] n[4 ,!re6 kiss ! dimpl$ h& ev] s s(tly & come away1 = y mu/ n wake ! d>l+ n[4 ,w y love h] always1 let :at may be h] fate8 ,rememb] always1 %e _h no "m to guide h]4 ,y\r fa!r ,i h n se5 = two ye>s1 s9ce ,mamie 0 a few mon?s old4 ,i h s9ce he>d t he is dead4 ,i "k none ( 8 relatives2 = he br\ght me an entire /rang] to ,new ,york ?ree ye>s ago1 & seem$ unwill+ t ,i %\ld make _m acqua9tances4 ,i h no relatives :om ,i h ev] se51 9 ! _w1 except my fa!r1 :o lives1 or did live1 at ,wilt%ire1 9 ,ma9e4 ,i d n "k if he is liv+ or n2 ,i h writt5 to him aga9 & aga91 b ,i h he>d no?+ f him4 ,he w\ld h come to me if he 7 alive1 = he 0 always devot$ to me4 ,i c\ld write y a hundr$ lett]s ab\t 8 love & devotion2 & n[1 if ,i c\ld only let him "k :]e ,i am1 he w\ld come to me :]ev] he might be4 ,i h nam$ y = him4 ,he saw y once :5 y 7 a mon? old2 he came & took me home = ! summ]2 he lov$ y de>ly1 z he lov$ me1 & 0 pr\d en\gh ( y4 ,if only ,i c\ld put y & ,mamie 9 8 h&s n[1 h[ cont5t$ly ,i c\ld die6 ,= ?is ,i toil$ & /ruggl$ f ! day ,i saw y\r fa!r la/1 until ?is pov]ty & sickness h kill$ all hope4 ,n all hope2 = ,i ?9k e /ep ,i he>--& ,i he> ?\s&s pass+ by--t my fa!r has come to me to save me1 to take my d>l+s "u 8 c>e1 & to let me die on my own :ite b$ 9 my own de> room at home4 ,!re1 d>l+1 !re's no m to tell4 ,:y %\ld ,i tell m8 ,y come ( good blood1 my *ild1 ( a brave1 upright race4 ,my *ild1 my d>l+1 put y\r arms tight1 tight ar\nd mamma's neck1 & promise = ! man t y w be wor?y ( y\r "n & race4 ,be good1 be true1 be hone/4 ,h[ ,i %\ld blu% 9 my grave1 x seems to me1 if *ild ( m9e1 if ^! de> *ildr51 s pure & innoc5t1 :o cl+ to me n[1 cov]+ me ) kisses1 %\ld soil _! :ite s\ls ) falsehood1 deceit1 or di%one/y4 ,god kn[s :at ,i w\ld say4 ,fa!rless1 mo!rless1 ,i mu/ leave my little ones2 no e>?ly help1 no com=t1 no?+1 only ! "o hope t w n leave me to my late/ brea?1 t my fa!r lives1 w f9d me out1 save me1 & take c>e ( y4 #gib ,x has be5 h>d = me to write ?is poor1 *ildi% lett]2 "o poor apple-woman--poor1 yet n s poor z ,i--has be5 my only fri5d2 to h] ,i h talk$ = h\rs ( y1 & %e has li/5$ e>ne/ly1 & w d h] utmo/ = y two4 ,god w aid h]1 ,i "k4 ,i w n put any 'good-byes' on pap] s little likely ev] to be se5 by y\r eyes2 b ,i w kiss y a ?\s& times1 my d>l+1 :ile ,i take "o la/ look at ^! portraits ( y\r fa!r & me1 y lean+ aga9/ my knee look+ at !m too4 ,y1 pure1 unsulli$ *ild1 %all cl+ to me1 & answ]1 ?\gh y _c und]/&1 ! promises to be good ,i ask ( y to fulfil ?r\gh all y\r life4 ,y\r "m1 ,m>y ,h]emore ,br&on4 ,br&on6 repeat$ ,rose & ,dick toge!r1 :5 he read ! signature4 ,!n ,dick read ! slips ( pap] t _h fall5 out ( ! lett]2 !y 7 all ! same1 notices ( h] m>riage f diff]5t pap]s3 ,,m>ri$4 ,at ! resid5ce ( ! bride's fa!r1 on ,w$nesday1 ,may #e?1 ,*>les ,br&on1 ( ,new-,york1 to ,m>y1 only daught] ( ,dr4 ,ri*>d ,h]emore1 ( ,wilt%ire1 ,ma9e4 ,rose look$ at ,dick almo/ ) t]ror 9 h] face4 ,dick knew n h[ to answ] h]4 ,x may n be ! same1 %e said at la/4 ,! lett] does n seem sure ( 8 dea?1 sugge/$ ,dick4 ,b y h met him--w\ld he n h notic$ y\r "n8 ,i %\ld ?9k s4 ,b x 0 long ago1 & p]haps he has kn[n o!rs ( ! "n4 ,besides1 ,miss ,br&on--,o ,rose6 if %e %\ld be t si/]6--,miss ,br&on told me h] "m di$ long ago2 %e seem$ s pr\dly to disclaim ?is ,mrs4 ,br&on1 :om ,i call$ h] "m4 ,h[ c\ld he be ) y\r fa!r1 if ,mr4 ,br&on is t1 & he n "k any ?+ ab\t y8 ,i _c und]/& x4 ,i w g to see him to-morr[4 ,o ,dick6 ,yes1 de> ,rose1 ,i mu/4 ,i h only two days ( vacation left1 & ,i mu/ "k all be=e ,i g back4 ,& !n y w n be "h = s long8 ,yes1 ,i w1 ,rose2 ,i'll be "h if ,i h to walk all night1 see y\r w9d[s1 & g back be=e daylight6 ,yes1 ,i w see y4 ,i w n be> all ! long sep>ation z ,i did be=e1 x is too mu*6 ,n[1 may ,i g to-morr[8 ,yes1 ,dick1 y mu/ g4 ,o ,dick6 :at a "m %e 06 ,i c j see h]1 s weak %e c\ld n lift little y 9 h] arms2 & yet1 ,i am sure1 giv+ y a ?\s& c>esses1 & cry+ ov] y z %e wrote t lett]6 ,if %e c\ld only see y n[6 ,i "k %e does see me2 b %e does n see me z ,i ought to be1 hav+ _h su* a "m4 ,%e is pr\d ( y if %e sees y4 ,see h[ pati5t %e 01 ,rose6 ,%e says %e is poor] ?an ! poor apple-woman1 & yet no compla9t2 & %e 0 n us$ to tr\ble1 ,i am sure1 f h] face4 ,s sweet & grave z %e is6 ,really1 ,ri*>d1 look6 ,^u my ^w1 ,miss ,br&on has j su* eyes6 ,x is s6 ,see6 ! same blue-gray eyes1 s cle>1 deep1 & look+ at y s frankly & graci\sly2 n ) ! frankness ( a "q ask$2 b--,i c't describe x--b t calm1 /raight=w>d way ,miss ,m>y has :5 %e li/5s to y2 always z if %e w\ld enc\rage y1 too1 to g on4 ,inde$1 y mu/ g to-morr[6 #gic ,x is s /range1 ,rose4 ,i feel my head almo/ turn+4 ,h we "t to read x ov] once m8 ,i fe> n1 = x is already q late2 b y w tell mamma & ,aunt ,cl>a ab\t x1 & ,uncle ,c>l8 ,oh6 at once2 z soon z ,i c4 ,i %all ?9k ( no?+ else until to-morr[4 ,rose1 he mu/ h treat$ h] badly1 or %e w\ld h giv5 me 8 "n in/ead ( h] fa!r's4 ,i ?9k1 p]haps %e meant ,br&on to be add$4 ,%e does n say a ^w aga9/ him2 b %e does n praise him4 ,i w make him tell me1 himself1 if he is ! man4 ,d y ?9k he is8 ,i am sure ( x6 ,& ,miss ,br&on is y\r si/]2 p]haps t is :y %e spoke to y t ,*ri/mas day1 & :y y h always be5 s attract$ to h]4 ,h[ /range x is6 ,w %e be sorry to h me = a bro!r1 ,i wond]8 ,sorry6 ,%e w be v pr\d ( y4 ,i wond] h[ ,i %\ld speak to h]4 ,o ,rose1 ,rose6 d say some?+ to /eady me2 ,i feel s /range1 & z if ,i 7 talk+ s fooli%ly6 ,y are n talk+ fooli%ly1 de> ,dick2 & if y 71 !re is only ,rose to he> y1 & %all y n talk z y please to h]8 ,?ank ,god1 my d>l+6 ?is has n sep>at$ u4 ,no1 n yet4 ,n yet6 ,:at w y\r new fa!r & y\r gr& si/] ?9k ( me8 ,well1 ,rose1 wait till ,i ask !m6 ,p]haps a gr&fa!r1 too1 said ,rose4 ,i love him already4 ,if he %\ld be liv+1 t w\ld be some?+ gr&1 w\ldn't x8 ,y may be sure %e lov$ him4 ,& y may be sure %e nev] let him "k until p]haps ! v la/1 t %e 0 9 tr\ble4 ,wom5 & *ildr5 nev] tell _! sorr[s to ^? :o are entitl$ to help !m4 ,:y1 ,rose8 ,oh6 ,i _c tell y t6 ,i only "k x's s4 ,"h we are at home4 ,h pati5ce2 = ?\gh to-morr[ y w h ! news1 to night is all ,i h6 ,& no matt] :at happ5s1 ,rose1 said ,dick1 z !y l+]$ a mom5t outside ! h\se1 y w tru/ me j ! same8 ,( c\rse ,i w1 ,rose answ]$ readily4 ,a "q & answ] t h be5 giv5--& falsifi$--,i wond] h[ _m times s9ce ! _w began2 falsifi$1 = ev5 a woman's fai? is n )\t limit2 ?\gh ,rose ?\ght x 01 z _m _h ?\ght be=e h]4 ,( c\rse ,i w2 :y %\ld y ask1 ,dick8 ,i don't "k2 only t ev]y?+ seems :irl+ ar\nd ) me to-night1 & ! only ?+ t seems cle> to me is t ,i mu/ n lose y4 ,x w be y\r own fault if y d1 said ,rose4 ,b y mu/ n try me too mu*2 = ?+s might get :irl+ ar\nd ) me1 too1 "s day1 & ,i %\ld n "k fai? f want ( pride2 s be good4 ,& if x is possible1 ,i mu/ come d[n at once & tell y h[ x all ends4 ,if x c\ld only be t ,i c\ld h y close at h& to tell y all6 ,inde$6 ,i am glad1 exclaim$ ,rose1 :o1 mu* z %e lov$ ,dick1 c\ld n endure to ?9k ( ! "t :5 %e %\ld h to leave h] home4 #gid ,come 91 n[4 ,:at w ,uncle ,c>l say to all ?is1 ,i wond]8 ,uncle ,c>l did n say mu*1 :51 ! *ildr5 hav+ be5 s5t out to play1 ! eld]s drew _! *airs clos] ar\nd ! /ill /&+ tea-table1 & li/5$ int5tly to ,dick's /ory4 ,! o!rs receiv$ x ) _m exclamations & mu* wip+ ( eyes2 b ! /olid ,g]man smok$ 8 big pipe & look$1 or tri$ to1 z if he _h kn[n x all be=e4 ,i'll "k be=e ?is "t tomorr[ if x's ! same1 said ,dick1 :5 ! read+ 0 f9i%$1 & _m conjectures _h be5 put =w>d & discuss$4 ,x is ! /range/ ?+ ev] 0 he>d (1 exclaim$ ,mrs4 ,ala9e1 t he %\ld meet y s (t5 & n "k :o y 76 ,) y\r "m's "n1 too1 add$ ,mrs4 ,/affs4 ,p]haps1 aft] all1 he is n s ignorant1 sugge/$ ,dick4 ,x may be t x 0 on acc\nt ( my "n he made s mu* ( me4 ,i ?9k he mu/ be dev\r$ ) remorse1 ,mrs4 ,ala9e said =cibly1 :5ev] he ?9ks ( 8 beautiful wife4 ,?is ,mrs4 ,br&on c\ldn't hold a c&le to h]1 add$ ,mrs4 ,/(fs4 ,i nev] saw h]1 said ,dick4 ,%e 0 v pretty1 expla9$ ,c>l1 speak+ unexpect$ly4 ,pretty6 cri$ ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 9 great surprise4 ,pretty6 repeat$ ,mrs4 ,ala9e1 ) great contempt4 ,pretty6 e*o$ ,rose1 ) great incr$ulity4 ,:y1 ,uncle ,c>l1 %e 0 a little doll-baby6 ,%e 0 v pretty1 p]si/$ ,c>l4 ,well1 inde$1 if y call su* a baby pretty1 ,i give up6 said ,mrs4 ,/(fs4 ,:y1 ,mr4 ,dick1 %e did n look z if %e c\ld say boo to a goose1 & yet %e rul$ ! :ole h\se2 x 0 h] extravagance t ru9$ ! poor man4 ,i ?9k x 0 8 own di%one/y1 said ,c>l4 ,o ,uncle ,c>l6 remon/rat$ ,rose1 "r be=e ,mr4 ,ri*>d4 ,we don't "k yet t he has any?+ to d ) ',mr4 ,ri*>d1' z y call him2 b ,i'd say x1 if ne$ 71 to ! man's own face4 ,8 wife may h be5 a little1 tyrannical1 extravagant fool2 b ! m fool he = lett+ h] take o!r m5's money out ( 8 purse4 ,inde$1 ,c>l1 t's a ?+ !y'll nev] say ( y1 respond$ 8 wife1 laugh+4 ,b n[ come away1 & let ,mr4 ,dick get "s re/1 = ,i suppose he'll be (f by daylight4 ,i %all1 inde$1 said ,dick4 ,well1 good-night6 ,mr4 ,dick1 y mu/ n let ^! ?+s keep y awake2 if y f9d y\r family out1 x may be ! la/ "t y w sleep "u our ro(4 ,if ,i ?\ght t1 ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 ,i %\ld seek !m ) a heavy he>t2 b no?+ c make t s b dea?1 c x8 ,g to b$1 good p1 grumbl$ ,c>l2 all y\r noise makes my head a*e4 ,he w5t up ) ,dick & _h a long conv]sation ) him1 aft] ! re/ 7 asleep4 ,g f9d ,dr4 ,h]emore1 ( ,wilt%ire1 unless !re comes to be no d\bt t he is gone away1 or dead1 7 8 p>t+ words2 he is bett] wor? seek+ ?an any o!r4 ,y w ne$ money1 & y %all owe me = ?is4 ,& he gave him a few gold pieces :i* ,mrs4 ,/(fs1 9 ! sanctu>y ( h] own room1 _h hurri$ly & gladly br\ght out f c\ntless rags1 all ti$ up 9 an old /ock+1 at h] liege "l's comm&1 = ?is purpose4 #gie ,b1 ,mr4 ,/(fs1 ,i h1 ,i ?9k1 en\gh = ?is4 ,!n d n sp5d m9e1 b take x ) y = fe> ( accid5t4 ,good-night2 d n be fool$ by any?+ ,mr4 ,br&on may say--he's an artful "o--b f9d out all y c ab\t y\r gr&fa!r2 rememb] t4 ,s ,dick 0 left to pass a sleepless1 fev]$ night1 fill$ ) ! /range/ fancies1 & p]plex$ by a ?\s& fruitless conjectures4 ,at ! fir/ glimm]+ ( daylight he 0 up1 &1 aft] mak+ a %[ ( eat+ ! sub/antial breakfa/ 8 k9d fri5ds _h prep>$ = him1 turn$1 )\t be+ able to say m ?an a ^w or two1 to leave4 ,dood-by1 said ,trot1 slid+ d[n f h] *air1 ) h] bib on1 & h] face n ov] clean1 to get 8 p>t+ kiss1 z well z to put 9 a rem9d] = 8 return4 ,:at 'oo b+ ,trot f ! 'tore8 ,:at d y want1 ,trot8 ask$ ,dick1 lift+ h] up4 ,me wants putty tat1 %e answ]$ ) animation2 de> 'ittle titt56 ,dick promis$ to d 8 be/1 %ook h&s sil5tly all ar\nd1 tri$ to laugh at ! old %oe ,m9nie _h ready to ?r[ aft] him1 at la/ he>d ! gate close beh9d him1 & 0 alone on 8 way to ! little yell[ /ation-h\se4 ,he'd bett] be alone1 ,rose _h said :5 some?+ _h be5 said privately ab\t accompany+ him4 ,he has a great deal to ?9k ab\t1 & he c d t be/ :ile he is walk+ 9 ?is fre% morn+ air4 ,o mamma6 %e said1 :5 ,mrs4 ,ala9e /ood beside h]1 aft] ,dick _h pass$ out ( sight1 ,o mamma6 if ,mr4 ,br&on %\ld take x angrily6 ,y may be sure he w n1 repli$ ,mrs4 ,ala9e1 he is s brok5 d[n1 he w be v ?ankful to f9d a son l our ,dick :o w be wor? s mu* to him4 ,he is ! mo/ selfi% man ev] liv$1 ,mr4 ,br&on is4 ,well1 ,i wi% x 7 ov]1 sigh$ ,rose1 turn+ back to ! h\se & ! day's r\nd ( h\sehold duties4 ,to ,be ,conclud$4 ---------- #gif ,translat$ ,f ,! ,fr5*4 ,! ,approa*+ ,g5]al ,c\ncil4 ,by ,mgr4 ,dupanl\p1 ,bi%op ,( ,orleans4 ,! *ur* & ! _w h be5 fill$ ) expectation = m ?an a ye>4 ,:5 ! ca?olic bi%ops 7 ga!r$ at ,rome to celebrate ! eighte5? c5t5>y ( ! m>tyrdom ( ,/4 ,pet]1 & = ! solemn canonization ( sa9ts1 ! ,sov]eign ,pontiff decl>$ ! necessity ( a g5]al c\ncil1 & ann\nc$1 at ! same "t1 8 int5tion to convoke x at an e>ly date4 ,! bull ( induction has already appe>$4 ,on ! tw5ty-n9? day ( la/ ,june1 ! fea/ ( ! holy apo/les ,pet] & ,paul1 ! ,holy ,fa!r1 by lett]s address$ to all ! bi%ops ( ! ,*ri/ian _w1 fix$ ! date ( ! future c\ncil1 & summon$ ! ,episcopate ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* to ,rome4 ,s9ce t "t1 by two truly pat]nal lett]s1 ! ,holy ,fa!r has invit$ ! ,greek ,bi%ops1 & our sep>at$ bre?r5 ( all ! prote/ant communions1 to pr(it by ! future c\ncil to und]take aga9 ! "w ( reunion1 already sev]al times attempt$ by ! *ur*1 b :i* has always be5 fru/rat$ by ! mis=tunes & ! evils ( our day4 ,s x is no long] m]ely a hope4 ,! fir/ act necess>y = ! hold+ ( ! c\ncil is accompli%$4 ,! apo/olic lett]s1 kn[n already ?r\gh\t ! _w & receiv$ ev]y:]e ) joy1 ev5 amid ! infatuations & ! bitt] woes ( ! pres5t "t1 h /irr$ ! he>ts ( ! p4 ,all look aga9 to ,rome4 ,ev5 h] enemies are att5tive z well z a/oni%$1 & !y feel t a great ev5t is go+ to happ54 ,& truly t :i* is soon to come to pass at ,rome1 & 9 ! *ur*1 is a r>e & solemn fact1 a fact ( sov]eign importance1 p]haps ev5 ! greate/ ev5t ( ! c5tury4 ,let no "o feel surpris$ at ?is language4 ,i am well aw>e t ev5ts ( imm5se importance h m>k$ ! beg9n+ & ! c\rse ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,pr(\nd revolutions h pass$ ov] x1 & ev5 ye/]day we h se5 "o ( ! olde/ ?rones ( ,europe toppl+ ov]4 ,enmities & w>s h di/urb$ nations4 ,! old & new _w are =c$ to meet ! same difficult problems4 ,yet 9 ?is c5tury !re is some?+ sup]ior to worldly ambition & ! int]e/s ( political passions4 ,x is ! spiritual int]e/s ( ! p1 & ^? supremely important que/ions1 ^: solution br+s peace to ! s\l1 & tells u ( ! et]nal de/9ies ( humanity4 ,x is = su* purposes z ^! t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* calls h] bi%ops to ,rome4 ,true x is t ! *ur* appe>s to _m m5 z be+ ( little importance2 %e seems to occupy only a small place 9 mod]n society1 s small1 inde$1 t mod]n politicians h recomm5d$ t %e %\ld no long] be tak5 into consid]ation4 ,yet ! *ur* is1 & mu/ rema91 ! mo/ noble p[] ( ! _w1 because %e is ! spiritual p[]2 & ,rome1 ! c5tre ( ?is p[]--,rome :i* w soon see )9 h] walls ^! great sessions ( ca?olicity--w be always1 accord+ to ! words ( ! poet1 ! mo/ beautiful & ! mo/ holy ( ?+s b5ea? ! sun4--,r]um pul*]rima ,roma4 #gig ,:at !n is ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & :at is ?is c\ncil :i* is go+1 )9 a few mon?s1 to pres5t s gr& a spectacle to ! _w8 ,i propose to foll[ ! example ( my v5]able colleagues1 :o h1 9 ,france & 9 ! diff]5t p>ts ( ,*ri/5dom1 publi%$ pa/oral in/ructions on ?is subject4 ,i w recall to y\r m9ds :at an ecum5ical c\ncil is1 to :i*1 = a long "t1 we h n be5 accu/om$4 ,i w /ate ! motives1 inspir$ f on high1 :i* h induc$ ! ,holy ,fa!r to take ?is /ep1 :i* is ! mo/ consid]able & extraord9>y ( ! pontifical gov]nm5t4 ,!n we %all see if !re is any f\ndation = ! al>m t ! ann\ncem5t ( ?is act has caus$ among c]ta9 badly dispos$ or feebly enlight5$ m9ds3 f9ally1 ,i w make kn[n :at we1 bi%ops1 prie/s1 & fai?ful1 h ! "r to expect4 ,i4 ,! ,c\ncil4 ,god1 says ,bossuet1 has creat$ a "w 9 ! mid/ ( u1 :i*1 sep>at$ f e o!r cause & belong+ to him alone1 fills all "t & all places1 & be>s ev]y:]e 9 ! _w ! impression ( 8 h&1 ! /amp ( 8 au?ority3 x is ,jesus ,*ri/ & 8 *ur*4 ,!re exi/s1 !n1 9 ?is _w1 above all human ?+s1 ?\gh at ! same "t mo/ intimately connect$ ) !m1 a spiritual society1 an empire ( s\ls4 ,an empire ( a diff]5t & div9e ord]1 m heav5ly ?an worldly1 & yet an empire really "h bel[1 a complete society1 hav+1 l e o!r society1 its organization1 its laws1 its action1 its life4 ,a society n built up by ! h& ( man1 b by ,god himself4 ,x does n require ! approval ( any human be+2 = its mission is z sacr$ z its s\rce1 & x draws f x all its ess5tial rights4 ,a pilgrim 9 ?is _w & a div9e /rang]1 z ,bossuet has some:]e said1 & yet a sov]eign1 ! sov]eign ( s\ls1 :]e %e has an inviolable sanctu>y4 ,%e does n encroa* ^u ! temporal p[]s1 nei!r w %e abdicate at _! sugge/ion h] div9e rights4 ,%e is happy to meet ) _! approval1 & %e does n disda9 _! alliance2 b %e kn[s1 :5 x is necess>y1 h[ to d )\t !m4 ,%e does n imp$e _! t]re/rial mission1 nor w %e cons5t t !y %\ld int]f]e ) h] c>e]4 ,a univ]sal society is ,god's *ur*1 :i* kn[s no limit ( "t or b>ri] ( space2 %e is ! treasure-h\se ( cele/ial goods1 *>g$ to communicate evangelical tru? to m5 until ! end ( "t2 &1 = ?is reason1 z well z by h] orig9 & h] gr[?1 %e holds 9 a _w :i* %e alone has civiliz$1 a place :i* no o!r p[] w ev] fill4 ,yes1 ?is m>vel exi/s ^u ! e>?2 among all human1 temporal1 limit$1 & con/antly *ang+ gov]nm5ts1 !re is ?is spiritual society1 ?is gov]nm5t ( s\ls1 ext5d+ ev]y:]e1 immutable1 )\t b\nd>ies1 & :i* is call$ ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,if we exam9e h] con/ruction m closely--& we mu/ d ?is if we wi% to und]/& ! mean+ ( ! mo/ solemn ( h] acts1 ! ,ecum5ical ,c\ncil--we %all see ) :at div9e art ,jesus ,*ri/ has proportion$ ! means to ! end4 #gih ,x is a "p ( our fai?1 t ! ,son ( ,god has giv5 to m51 n = a "t b = ! :ole duration ( "t1 = all days1 ev5 to ! consummation ( ! _w1 a collection ( tru?s1 ( comm&m5ts1 & ( sacr$ ord9ances4 ,! ,*ri/ian society t our ,"l call$ 8 *ur*1 ecclesiam meam1 has ! gu>dian%ip ( ^! div9e revelations4 ,a visible society1 because religion %\ld n be an occult ?+2 & p]petually visible1 because p]petuity has be5 promis$ to x2 9 %ort1 a univ]sal society1 because all m51 )\t exception1 are call$ & admitt$ )9 h] fold4 ,b ! div9e revelations c\ld n be transmitt$ unalt]$ = ages1 if !y _h be5 subject$ to *ang+ & caprici\s int]pretations ( private judgm5t2 !re=e x 0 indisp5sable t ! doctr9al au?ority %\ld be sov]eign1 t is to say1 x mu/ be infallible4 ,an au?ority _c be sov]eign 9 matt]s ( fai?1 & dem& an int]ior ass5t1 )\t be+ infallible4 ,?is x 0 t ! div9e ,f\nd] ( ,*ri/ianity has wi%$ to d1 & really did1 :51 giv+ to ! apo/les _! mission1 he pron\nc$ ^! words1 ! la/ :i* h fall5 f 8 lips3 ,z ! ,fa!r has s5t me1 ,i s5d y4 ,g !n & tea* all nations1 baptize !m 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 & tea* !m to obs]ve all ! comm&m5ts t ,i h giv5 to man3 & behold ,i am ) y all days1 ev5 to ! consummation ( ! _w4 ,su* is1 !n1 ! ess5tial "* ( ! *ur*2 x is a doctr9al au?ority1 provid5tially infallible by ! div9e assi/ance1 9 all ?+s reveal$ by ,god4 ,x is easily se5 h[ unity is born ( ?is infallibility2 n an accid5tal unity1 b a necess>y & p]man5t unity1 because ! pr9ciple ( unity is p]man5t 9 ! *ur*4 ,! pr9ciple ( unity1 & besides ?is1 a c5tre ( unity1 0 among ! indisp5sable conditions ( a *ur* ?us f\nd$4 ,x 0 necess>y t a tea*+ *ur*1 spread ?r\gh\t ! _w1 %\ld h a head1 a c5tre1 a *ief1 9 ord] t x might be unit$ 9 a s+le & di/9ctive body4 ,jesus ,*ri/ has n neglect$ ?is necessity2 = among 8 disciples he *ose "o :om he inve/$ ) c]ta9 special privileges1 to :om he entru/$1 accord+ to 8 div9e expression1 ! keys ( ! k+dom ( heav51 :om he call$ ! rock1 ! f\ndation-/one ( ! edifice1 :om he comm&$ to confirm 8 bre?r5 9 ! fai?1 :om he call$ ! pa/or ( ! %eep z well z ( ! lambs1 t is to say1 ! %eph]d ( ! entire fold4 ,?is is ! hi]>*y ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,9 ord] to place a p]petual *eck ^u "t1 :i* de/roys all ?+s1 & 9 ord] to give ! necess>y support to ! human m9d1 :i* is ev] *ang+1 x 01 inde$1 necess>y t a religi\s society %\ld be ?us con/ruct$4 ,b a div9e h& 0 requir$ to con/itute a society ( ?is k9d1 :i* 0 compos$ ( frail m52 & ^! gr& *>act]s ( unity & au?ority1 9 p]petuity & 9 ca?olicity1 are 9 ! *ur* z ! %9+ seal ( ! p[]ful h& :i* has e/abli%$ x4 ,?us x rema9s firm among m51 & ev5 9 spite ( univ]sal *ange4 ,9 va9 is ! natural re/lessness ( ! human m9d %ock$ at ! dogmas ( our fai?1 & h]esies succe$ to h]esies2 ,footnote #bhc ?is con/ant movem5t _c affect h] firm con/itution2 %e w rema91 z says ! apo/le1 ! pill> & gr\nd ( tru?--,columna et firmam5tum ,v]itatis4 ,footnote #bhc3 ,x is necess>y t h]esies %\ld be4 ,cor9?1 xi4 #ai4 ,t]rible necessity1 says ,bossuet4 #gii ,su* is ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,an ecum5ical c\ncil is ?is ,ca?olic ,*ur* assembl$ to d1 ) m solemnity1 ! same "w :i*1 disp]s$1 %e does e day4 ,?is "w is ! transmission & au!ntic int]pretation ( ! dogmatic & moral tru?s ( div9e revelation4 ,?is is :at ,i desire to expla9 at ?is "t1 s t x may be cle>ly und]/ood by our contempor>ies1 :o h long be5 unaccu/om$ to ^! ?+s4 ,my design is n1 inde$1 z y "k1 an int5tion to write s exhau/ively t no "o else may treat ^u ! que/ions connect$ ) ! c\ncils ( ! *ur*4 ,volumes h & c\ld aga9 be writt5 on ?is subject4 ,b at lea/ !re are "s necess>y notions :i* require to be expla9$ ) precision1 s9ce ^! matt]s are n famili> at ?is day1 & also because1 z on e o!r topic1 ! simple & fundam5tal ideas are always ! mo/ useful4 ,a c\ncil is an assemblage ( bi%ops convok$ = ! purpose ( discuss+ que/ions conc]n+ ! fai?1 morals1 & discipl9e4 ,a c\ncil is p>ticul> or g5]al2 p>ticul>1 if x repres5ts only a "p ( ! *ur*2 g5]al or ecum5ical1 :5 x repres5ts ! univ]sal *ur*4 ,a g5]al c\ncil1 simply because x repres5ts ! :ole *ur*1 has ! gift ( doctr9al infallibility & supreme au?ority giv5 by ,jesus ,*ri/ to ! *ur* h]self1 to ! body ( pa/ors unit$ to _! *ief4 ,a p>ticul> c\ncil has no infallibility4 ,! supreme *ief ( ! *ur*1 ! ,pope1 & he only1 has ! "r ( convok+ g5]al c\ncils4 ,= ! same reason1 ! ,pope alone has ! "r ( presid+ ov] _! delib]ations4 ,& z a "q ( fact1 x is true t popes1 ei!r p]sonally or by legates1 h presid$ ov] e ecum5ical c\ncil4 ,?us at ,nice1 ,con/ant9ople1 ,ephesus1 ,*alc$on1 z well z at ,tr5t1 ! popes presid$ by legates4 ,at ! c\ncils ( ,lat]an1 ,lyons1 ,vi5na1 & ,flor5ce1 !y presid$ p]sonally4 ,holy ,fa!r1 wrote ! fa!rs ( ,*alc$on to ,pope ,/4 ,leo1 y w preside 9 ! mid/ ( ! bi%ops1 :o are judges ( ! fai?1 z ! *ief ov] ! memb]s 9 ! p]sons ( ^? :o hold y\r place4 ,x is ! sov]eign pontiff's duty to close ! c\ncil1 to dissolve x 9 case ( necessity1 & to confirm its decrees4 ,! accord ( ! bi%ops & ! ,pope is manife/ly necess>y = ! ecum5ical "* ( a c\ncil4 ,ga!r$ 9 c\ncil f all qu>t]s ( ! _w1 & hav+ ! ,pope at _! head1 z witnesses ( ! fai? ( _! *ur*es1 z judges ( ! div9e law1 ,episcopis judicibus said ! fa!rs ( ,*alc$on4 ,def9+ ,i h subscrib$1 ,i h subscrib$ pron\nc+ ) ! holy synod2 ,footnote #bhd ?us x 0 t ! bi%ops ( ,*alc$on & ,ephesus1 & also ( ,tr5t1 affix$ _! signatures4 ,footnote #bhd3 ,def9i5s subscripsi3 ,subscripsi pronuntians cum sancta synodo4 ,cu/om gov]ns ! ext]ior =ms us$ 9 ^! assemblies4 ,! solemn sessions1 :]e ! decrees are promulgat$1 are di/+ui%$ f ! congregations :]e !y are elaborat$2 ) :at c>e1 :at exactness1 :at pr(\nd rese>*1 ! hi/ory ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t has already %[n1 & ! com+ ,c\ncil ( ,rome w give u a no less rem>kable pro(4 ,! ,holy ,fa!r1 inde$1 ev] s9ce he took ! great resolution ( convok+ a c\ncil1 has be5 occupi$ ) activity proportion$ to ! importance ( ! future assembly4 ,he has us$ su* means z 7 prop] = ! head ( ! *ur* 9 an ecum5ical c\ncil4 #hjj ,sev]al commissions or congregations1 compos$ ( le>n$ c>d9als1 & ( !ologians *os5 f diff]5t nations1 7 at once appo9t$ by him1 & are n[ zeal\sly work+ ^u ! que/ions :i* w be consid]$ 9 ! c\ncil4 ,!re is a special congregation ^u ,dogma1 "o ^u ,canon ,law1 "o to consid] ! v>i\s que/ions conc]n+ ,religi\s ,ord]s1 "o to discuss ! relations ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 & "o ^u ! *ur*es ( ! ,ea/4 ,x is ! usage ( ! *ur*1 :5 ! ,pope int5ds to conv5e an ecum5ical c\ncil1 to notify 9 advance ! bi%ops :o br+ !re n only ! au?ority ( _! sacr$ "*1 b also ! c\nsels ( _! exp]i5ce1 because _! disp]sion 9 _m diff]5t c\ntries has giv5 !m great k & a special compet5cy to und]/& ! times & ! ne$s ( _! p4 ,?us ,pius ,,ix41 9 two allocutions1 address$ to ! bi%ops assembl$ at ,rome1 ann\nc$ to !m ! future c\ncil4 ,by 8 la/ ,bull1 he has call$ !m all !re & fix$ ! precise date1 s t ! prelates1 notifi$ & convok$ 9 advance1 may h ! "t to /udy ! que/ions at _! leisure1 & arrive p]fectly prep>$ at ! date indicat$ by ! ,sov]eign ,pontiff4 ,i d n ne$ to add t1 al?\gh ! ,pope & bi%ops c add discipl9>y laws1 & modify1 m or less1 ! canon law1 because ^! are n by _! nature immutable1 t 9 matt]s ( fai?1 x is n ! bus9ess ( c\ncils to make dogmas4 ,dogmas are nev] made 9 c\ncils1 b !y may be =mulat$ !re4 ,all t conc]ns dogma is le>n$ f ! holy ,scriptures & tradition1 & f _! au?oriz$ int]pret]s4 ,x is only aft] ^! h be5 ?or\ghly inve/igat$ & discuss$1 & aft] ! invocation ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 t ! c\ncil decl>es :at has always be51 :at is n[1 ! belief ( ! *ur*4 ,hi/ory c\nts eighte5 ecum5ical c\ncils4 ,footnote #bhe ,footnote #bhe3 ,! foll[+ is a li/ ( ^! eighte5 ecum5ical c\ncils3 #a4 ,nice1 9 #cbe1 aga9/ ,arius1 :o d5i$ ! div9ity ( ! ,^w4 #b4 ,con/ant9ople1 9 #cha1 aga9/ ,mac$onius1 :o attack$ ! div9ity ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 #c4 ,ephesus1 9 #dca1 aga9/ ,ne/orius1 :o err$ conc]n+ ! ,inc>nation1 & refus$ to give ! ,bless$ ,virg9 ! title ,"m ( ,god4 #d4 ,*alc$on1 9 #dea1 aga9/ ,euty*es1 :o orig9at$ an error1 ! opposite ( t ( ,ne/orius4 #e4 ,con/ant9ople1 9 #eec1 aga9/ ! ?ree celebrat$ *apt]s :i* fo/]$ ! error ( ,ne/orius on ! ,inc>nation4 #f4 ,con/ant9ople 9 #fhj1 aga9/ ! ,mono!lites1 :o cont9u$ ! error ( ,euty*es1 9 d5y+ t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h a human w4 #g4 ,nice1 9 #ghg1 aga9/ ! ,iconocla/s1 or break]s ( images4 #h4 ,con/ant9ople1 9 #hfi1 aga9/ ,photius1 ! au?or ( ! ,greek s*ism4 #i4 ,lat]an1 9 #aabc1 or ! promulgation ( peace betwe5 ! ecclesia/ical p[] & ! empire1 aft] ! long qu>rels ( ! ,inve/itures1 & also = ! ,crusades4 #aj4 ,lat]an1 9 #aaci1 = ! reunion ( ! ,greeks & aga9/ ! errors ( ! ,albig5ses4 #aa4 ,lat]an1 9 #aagi1 = diff]5t que/ions ( discipl9e1 & aga9/ ! h]esies ( ! day4 #ab4 ,lat]an1 9 #abae1 aga9/ ! ,vaudois4 #ac4 ,lyons1 9 #abde1 = ! ,crusade & ! tr\bles ) ! ,emp]or ,fr$]ic4 #ad4 ,lyons1 9 #abgd1 = ! ,crusade1 & = reunion ) ! ,greeks4 #ae4 ,vi5ne1 9 #acaa1 = ! ,crusade1 & diff]5t que/ions ( discipl9e1 & = ! affair ( ! ,templ>s4 #af4 ,flor5ce1 9 #adci1 = reunion ) ! ,greeks4 #ag4 ,lat]an1 9 #aeaa1 aga9/ ! conv5ticle ( ,pisa4 #ah4 ,tr5t1 9 #aede1 aga9/ ,prote/antism4 ,sev]al sessions ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,con/ance h also be5 consid]$ ecum5ical4 #hja ,x w\ld be difficult to det]m9e ! almo/ inf9ite numb] ( p>ticul> c\ncils4 ,no?+ c %[ m cle>ly ?an d ^! assemblies ! wond]ful vitality ( ! *ur*1 & ! p[] %e be>s )9 h]self to protect h] own exi/5ce bo? aga9/ ! errors :i* ! human m9d is ev] produc+1 & also aga9/ corruption & abuses )9 ! *ur*1 abuses :i* are unavoidable because ( ! infirmity ( human nature4 ,%e is ! only society ^u ! e>? :]e revolutions are n necess>y1 & :]e re=m is always possible4 ,!re is n "o ( ^! _m c\ncils b :i* has a regulation ^u discipl9e at ! same "t t x has a def9ition ( fai?2 & ! great ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t itself1 )\t fe>+ t ^w1 re=m1 :i* _h revolutioniz$ ,europe1 accept$ x1 because x belong$ to ! *ur*1 & accompani$ its dogmatic decrees conc]n+ ! ,ca?olic fai? ) decrees conc]n+ re=mation--,de ,re=matione4 ,assembl$ 9 ecum5ical c\ncil ! ,pope & bi%ops ?or\ghly inve/igate ! situation ( affairs 9 ! ,*ri/ian republic1 & use fe>lessly ! rem$y = its w\nds & its suff]+s4 ,?us ! immortal y\? ( ! *ur* is r5ew$1 a m active & vigor\s brea? ( life animates ?is imm5se body1 & ev5 society feels its happy influ5ce4 ,x is1 !n1 "o ( ^! ecum5ical assemblies :i* ! ,pope has j convok$4 ,aft] long m$itation ^u ! ne$s ( ! "t1 & e>ne/ pray] = ,god's guidance1 ! head ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has spok5 a s+le ^w4 ,he has made a solemn sign1 & x is suffici5t4 ,f ! we/ & ea/1 f ! nor? & s\?1 f e "p ( ! habitable globe1 f e race1 f e tongue1 f e nation1 ! *iefs ( ?is great spiritual society1 ! disp]s$ memb]s ( ?is gov]nm5t ( s\ls1 leave _! sees to meet at ! place appo9t$ by ! ,sov]eign ,pontiff4 ,!y meet1 n z 9 human congresses1 to debate conc]n+ peace & w>1 conque/s & fronti]s1 b to treat ( s\ls & _! sacr$ int]e/s1 ( ?+s spiritual & et]nal4 ,!y obey ! div9e words ( ,him :o f\nd$ ! *ur*1 ,g1 !re=e1 & tea* all nations4 ,!y meet to accompli% ! mo/ augu/ duty ( _! sov]eign mission--to proclaim1 9 a g5]al c\ncil ( ! *ur*1 &1 z x 71 9 ! v face ( human errors1 ^? tru?s ^: gu>dian%ip has be5 confid$ to !m by ,him :o is ! ,tru? itself4 ,su* is ! "w ( an ecum5ical c\ncil4 ,c !re 9 ?is _w be a great] "o8 ,x is n[ ?ree hundr$ ye>s s9ce ! _w has se5 "o ( ^! assemblies2 ev5 at ! beg9n+ ( ?is c5tury !y 7 consid]$ impossible4 ,9 mod]n times1 wrote ,j4 de ,mai/re1 less ?an fifty ye>s ago1 s9ce ! civiliz$ _w is1 s to speak1 cut up into "s sov]eignties1 & ! _w has be5 s mu* enl>g$ by ! boldness ( our sailors1 an ecum5ical c\ncil has become a *im]a4 ,! political difficulties :i* s provok+ly imp$$ ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t 7 rememb]$1 & x seem$ t ! pres5t "t 0 yet m unfavorable4 ,x 0 ?\ght t ! mod]n p[]s 7 m defiant & m ho/ile1 & consequ5tly t ! lib]ty ( ! *ur* 0 9 great] dang]1 h] action m circumscrib$ ?an ev]4 ,b we wrong$ our c5tury1 & in/ead ( com+ be=e ,god ) compla9ts1 we %all d bett] to adore 8 p[]ful h&1 :i*1 z an anci5t prov]b goes1 c write /raightly on crook$ l9es1 & =ce ev5ts to b5d !mselves1 9 spite ( man's ef=ts1 to 8 et]nal designs4 ,a mission>y & a travell]1 ! *ur* longs to see ! road dim9i%4 ,a prea*] & a lib]ator1 %e pr(its & rejoices ov] ! de/ruction ( fett]s4 ,!n our age has accompli%$ ^! two works1 ! suppression ( di/ance1 ! break+ d[n ( b>ri]s4 ,i und]/& ! words di/ance & b>ri]s 9 ! social & political s5se1 z well z 9 a mat]ial po9t ( view4 ,x 0 ?\ght t !y w\ld s]ve only ! _w's int]e/s1 b !y are really allies ( ! fai?2 all ?is m>vell\s movem5t1 :i* seem$ to be contr>y to ca?olic ideas & oppos$ to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 w turn to h] advantage4 #hjb ,! _s ( ! age obliges political gov]nm5ts1 :e!r !y be will+ or n1 to act m fairly t[>d ! *ur*1 & x has de/roy$ ! old prejudices :i* ev5 rec5tly h h9d]$ h] actions4 ,! hold+ ( an ecum5ical c\ncil is easi] to-day ?an x w\ld h be5 9 ! times ( ,philip ,,ii41 ,l\is ,,xiv41 or ( ,joseph ,,ii4 ,= ! convocations ( ! bi%ops alone1 says aga9 ,j4 de4 ,mai/re1 & to e/abli% legally ?is convocation1 five or six ye>s w\ld n be suffici5t4 ,to-day x has be5 en\gh = ,pius ,,ix4 to po/ 8 bull ^u ! walls ( ! ,lat]an2 mod]n publicity1 9 spite ( _m wi%es to ! contr>y1 c>ries x to ! extremities ( ! e>?4 ,soon1 ?anks to ! m>vell\s progress ( ! sci5ces & me*anics1 ! bi%ops w ha/5 to obey ! ,pontiff's summons on ! w+s :i* /eam has giv5 to our vessels & our c>s4 ,^! h1 z x 71 consum$ space4 ,! bi%ops w come f e free c\ntry1 &1 z we hope1 ev5 f ^? :i* are n free4 ,& ?us--= ,i l to repeat x--?is d\ble curr5t ( ! ideas & ( ! indu/ry ( our "t is go+1 9 ! future1 n to s]ve ! mat]ial life ( man alone1 b also to aid u 9 ! gov]nm5t ( s\ls1 9 ! highe/ manife/ation ( ! spiritual life ( man1 9 ! greate/ "w ( ,god's ,holy ,_s ^u ! e>?4 ,x is j1 z div9e ,provid5ce has s will$1 t we %\ld see 9 ?is ! secret h>mony hidd5 9 ! dep?s ( ?+s & 9 ! unity ( div9e works4 ,matt] is plac$ once m at ! s]vice ( ! spiritual1 & ! ?\ghts ( man foll[ ! ord] ( ,god's c\nsels4 ,?ree times already1 z y are aw>e1 ! bi%ops h ga!r$ ab\t ! vic> ( ,jesus ,*ri/ )9 a few ye>s2 b none ( ^! ?ree great reunions _h ! "* ( a c\ncil4 ,! glory ( resum+ ! anci5t traditions ( ! *ur*1 s long int]rupt$1 by ! conv5tion ( a true ecum5ical assembly1 has be5 res]v$ to ?is magnanim\s ,pontiff1 s p[]ful 9 8 mildness1 s calm amid 8 trials1 & s confid5t 9 t ,god :o has su/a9$ him & :o has manife/ly inspir$ him to und]take ! "w ( summon+ ! ecum5ical c\ncil4 ,,ii4 ,! ,programme ,( ,! ,c\ncil4 ,& :y1 ) :at ?\ghts1 has ! head ( ! *ur* call$ to ?is great tribunal ( ca?olicity ^? :om he names z be+ 8 v5]able bro!rs1 ! bi%ops ( ! ca?olic _w1 ^: sacr$ "* has call$ !m to p>take 9 8 solicitudes8 ,omnes v5]abiles fratres totius ca?olici orbis sacrorum anti/ites1 qui 9 solicitud9is no/rae p>tem vocati sunt4 ,! apo/olical lett]s in=m u cle>ly4 ,x is necess>y to read !m & to judge ! *ur* ) equity by h] own /atem5t1 n by rancor\s or frivol\s comm5t>ies4 ,! programme ( ! future c\ncil is ?us trac$ 9 ! bull ( ! ,sov]eign ,pontiff3 ,?is ecum5ical c\ncil w h to exam9e ) ! greate/ c>e1 & det]m9e :at is be/ to d 9 times s difficult & s p]v]se z ^!1 = ! great] glory ( ,god1 = ! integrity ( ! fai?1 = ! honor ( div9e wor%ip1 = ! et]nal salvation ( m51 = ! discipl9e ( ! regul> & secul> cl]gy1 = _! useful & solid in/ruction1 = ! obs]vance ( ecclesia/ical laws1 = ! re=mation ( cu/oms1 = ! ,*ri/ian education ( y\?1 = g5]al peace & univ]sal concord4 #hjc ,x is necess>y = u to use e ex]tion t1 by ,god's help1 we may sep>ate e evil f ! *ur* & f society2 to lead back into ! /raight way ( tru?1 ju/ice1 & salvation1 ^? un=tunate p :o h w&]$ f x2 to repress vice & refute error1 s t our augu/ religion & its salut>y doctr9e may acquire a new vigor ?r\gh\t ! _w1 t x may be ext5d$ fur!r e day1 t x rega9 its empire1 & ?us t piety1 hone/y1 ju/ice1 *>ity1 & all ,*ri/ian virtues maybe /r5g!n$ & fl\ri% = ! greate/ good ( humanity4 ,! entire programme1 all ! "w ( ! future c\ncil1 is 9 ^! words4 ,!re are1 !n1 two great objects1 ! good ( ! *ur* & ! good ( human society4 ,?is is its object & its only object4 ,b especially does ! *ur* assemble h] bi%ops t h] int]ior life may be reanimat$1 &1 z ! apo/le says1 ,to /ir up ! grace ( ,god :i* is )9 u4 ,! reason ( ?is is because ! *ur* has ! wond]ful privilege t ,i h already m5tion$--%e is ! only body :i* possesses ! p[] ( p]petually r5ew+ h] y\? 9 ! c\rse ( a p]petual life4 ,x is 9 virtue ( ?is div9e con/itution t none ( ! tru?s :i* %e has pres]v$ c *ange1 c be lo/1 c be increas$--t n ev5 a syllable c be alt]$ or an iota de/roy$6 ,"o jot or "o tittle ( ! law %all n pass away until all be fulfill$1 said ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! *ur* is a liv+ in/itution compos$ ( m51 borr[+ its head & its memb]s f e nation & f all ranks1 always op5 to receive ^? :o wi% to come to h]1 & unceas+ly increas$ by ! addition ( new races ( m5 among h] *ildr54 ,a riv] :i* has receiv$ _m /reams into its curr5t reflects ! objects along its banks & adapts its c\rse to ! climate1 & to ! c\ntry ) its irregul>ities2 s ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has ! gift ( accommodat+ h]self to ! times1 to ! in/itutions1 & to ! requirem5ts ( ! g5]ations ?r\gh :i* %e passes & ! c5turies :i* %e civilizes4 ,& m ?an ?is is true1 because 9 ! _w %e labors p]petually 9 ord] t %e may ev] become m wor?y to speak ( ,god to m51 & 9 a way to be he>d & und]/ood by !m4 ,%e is cont9ually exam9+1 ) respect1 & at ! same "t ) sov]eign au?ority1 h] discipl9>y books1 h] laws1 h] in/itutions1 h] works1 & especially h] memb]s1 di/ribut$ 9 ! diff]5t grades ( ! hi]>*y4 ,inde$1 we d n believe t we are )\t faults or blemi%es4 ,ah6 %\ld we be a/oni%$1 ,fnlon us$ to say1 to f9d 9 man ! relics ( humanity6 ,b1 et]nal ?anks be giv5 to ,god1 we f9d 9 ! imp]i%able treasury ( tru?1 & ( ! div9e laws :i* we are call$ to gu>d1 ! means ( recogniz+ our faults & re=m+ our mann]s4 ,?us x is especially aga9/ ourselves1 or r = ourselves1 t ?is c\ncil is go+ to assemble4 ,!re w n be "o among u to take 8 seat 9 ?is augu/ assembly1 :o has n 9 ! e>ly morn+ b5t 8 knee ^u ! l[e/ /ep ( ! alt>1 b[$ 8 head1 /ruck 8 brea/1 & said1 ,if ,god is n bett] kn[n1 if he is n bett] s]v$ ?an by me1 if ! tru? suff]s viol5ce1 if ! poor are n assi/$1 if ju/ice is 9 p]il1 ,o ,god6 x is my fault1 x is my fault1 x is my mo/ griev\s fault6 ,mon>*s ( ! e>?1 :o settle ! fate ( nations ) su* a frightful boldness1 an exam9ation l ?is w\ld be good ev5 = y1 if y c\ld only endure x6 #hjd ,o human assemblies1 p>liam5ts1 tribunals1 popul> conv5tions1 d y ?9k t ?is rigid self-exam9ation1 ^! confessions1 ^! scruples1 & ^! c\rage\s habits ( discipl9e & re=m1 w be useless 9 appeas+ bl9d agitation & arrogant passion1 or 9 r\s+ up sleepy r\t9e8 ,:5 ea* ( u has ?us exam9$1 que/ion$1 & accus$ himself1 we %all ask ourselves1 ,:at are ! ob/acles :i* to-day prev5t ! propagation ( ! fai? among ^? :o h n yet receiv$ x1 & its ree/abli%m5t among ^? :o h lo/ x8 ,we %all revise regulations1 we %all re=m abuses1 we %all ree/abli% =gott5 laws1 we %all modify :atev] requires modification4 ,"u ! supreme au?ority ( a common fa!r1 ( ! bi%op ( bi%ops1 ! exp]i5ce ( old m51 ! zeal ( ! "y1 ! inspiration ( ! holy & ! wisdom ( ! wise1 w all concur 9 decl>+ ! pres5t condition ( ! *ur*1 its mission ^u ! e>?1 & its duties 9 ! future4 ,?is exam9ation w be made 9 ! mo/ uncon/ra9$ & frat]nal discussion1 :i* w soon be foll[$ by solid resolutions1 :i* w become1 !n1 & = c5turies1 ! rule ( ! *ur*'s life4 ,su* w be ! fir/ object ( ! assembly ( bi%ops4 ,an object at once sublime & humble1 "o :i* fills ! *ildr5 ( ! *ur* ) respectful admiration1 & :i* /rikes h] enemies ) an a/oni%m5t t !y seek 9 va9 to disguise4 ,yes1 our m9i/ry is s noble1 our assemblies s elevat$ above o!r assemblies1 t ! language ( man conta9s ! involunt>y admission ( its sup]iority4 ,if !y desire to designate a noble (fice1 a sup]ior mission1 !y call x1 (t5 ev5 ) exagg]ation1 a prie/hood4 ,if !y wi% to speak ( "s unusually impos+ & solemn ga!r+1 :i* w h a place 9 hi/ory1 !y say x 0 a c\ncil ( k+s or legislators4 ,human language has no m l(ty words ?an ^!3 n t we %\ld pride ourselves ^u !m1 = our h&s h n done ^! ?+s4 ,!y come f ,god1 & ! dignity ( ! words :i* express !m recalls to our humility at once ! maje/y ( our vocation & ! =midable ext5t ( our duties4 ,b :at is ! cause1 9 our day & at ?is h\r1 ( ! retreat ( ! entire ca?olic episcopate into ! brea/ ( a new c5acle8 ,if ,i may presume to put x ?us1 :at does ?is vigil ( arms mean8 ,footnote #bhf ,:y ^! prep>ations1 ?is "w ( a great c\ncil8 ,:y has ! ,sov]eign ,pontiff1 "u ! eye ( ,god1 & f 8 inspiration1 judg$ x prop] to call ! *ur* toge!r 9 ?is second half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury8 ,footnote #bhf3 ,! ,bi%op ( ,orleans is "h ref]r+ to ! pi\s cu/om ( ! days ( *ivalry1 :i* compell$ ! knight :o 0 to receive 8 armor = ! fir/ "t on ! foll[+ morn+ to pass ! vigil wat*+ 9 ! *apel1 :]e 8 future arms 7 plac$ ^u ! alt>4 ,x 0 said ( our ,ma/]1 ! div9e ,savi\r ( ! _w1 t he 0 w\nd$ because ( our iniquities4 ,yes1 x is = ! iniquities ( man1 & = our own1 t we are go+ to impose su* a "w ^u ourselves4 ,! m dang]\s ! times are1 ! m necess>y is x = u to be pure en\gh to )/& ! mo/ =midable conflict1 wise en\gh to ent] into ! mo/ /irr+ discussions1 prep>$ to engage 9 ! rude/ conflicts4 ,& if m5 ask :y we are /riv+ to increase k & *>ity among ourselves1 we w answ] t1 n =gett+ ourselves & our own ne$s1 we are do+ x also on _! acc\nt1 look+ e>ne/ly ^u _! condition1 _! aspirations1 & _! suff]+s1 & ) a he>ty desire to d !m m good4 #hje ,,iii4 ,causes ,( ,! ,c\ncil4 ,:at is ! condition1 !n1 to-day1 ( ! s\ls & ! /ate ( ! races :i* are spread ov] ! surface ( ! e>?8 ,!re are few :o h n be5 int]e/$ 9 ?is "q4 ,! ,pope1 look+ ^u ! _w & l5d+ 8 e> to ! s\nd ( ! /ruggles ( contempor>y society1 c\ld n help see+1 :at e "o kn[s1 t n[ is a "t ( pr(\nd crisis2 or1 z x is express$ 9 ! papal bull1 !re are torm5ts :i* are afflict+ at ?is "t bo? *ur* & society3 ,jam v]o omnibus comp]tum exploratumque e/ qua horribili tempe/ate m9e jactetur ecclesia1 et quibus quantisque malis ipsa affligatur societas4 ,:at is ?is crisis ( ! *ur* & ! _w8 ,if we collect 9 our m9d ! c\rse ( hi/ory & ! va/ ocean ( ages on :i* we are borne = a mom5t1 only to be swall[$ up 9 our turn1 y w fir/ answ] t ?is crisis is only an incid5t ( a p]petual crisis1 an int]rupt$ sc5e ( ! drama :i* ! de/9y ( ! human race is compos+4 ,untri$ travell]s are ev] ?9k+ ! voyage a long "o1 & t ! sea has da%+ waves & tempe/s only = !m4 ,old sailors "k t ! ocean is always unc]ta9 & t ! /orm ( to-day has be5 prec$$ by _m a sev]e gale4 ,b if we are j1 z well z att5tive1 we %all recognize t ! crisis ( ! pres5t "t is n a *ance "o1 & t1 l o!rs :i* h gone be=e1 x w n escape ! guidance ( ,god4 ,i say ev51 :5 ,i rememb] ! pr(\nd designs ( provid5ce1 t ?is crisis is n )\t its gr&eur1 t x has bo? beauty1 laws1 & an end1 j z d ^? natural ph5om5a :i* appe> ! mo/ confus$ & disord]$4 ,?r\gh cont9ual /ruggles & ob/acles1 ! evangelical ideal is foll[$ by ! *ur*1 :o kn[s :]e %e is go+1 & by m51 (t5 )\t _! k4 ,! *ur*1 s9ce h] mission is to raise s\ls to t /&>d1 is sorr[ful "h bel[1 because t ideal is nev] realiz$ p]fectly en\gh = ! glory & happ9ess ( humanity4 ,und\bt$ly ! indu/ry1 ! sci5ce1 & ! c\rage :i* m5 display to-day %\ld be admitt$4 ,)9 a few hundr$ ye>s1 va/ treasures ( sci5ce1 weal?1 & p[] h be5 develop$4 ,9 two worlds1 a mo/ wond]ful h>ve/ ( gift$ m5 h appe>$2 arti/s & orators1 savants & g5]als1 legislators & publici/s1 ^: names w be recogniz$ by po/]ity ) well-m]it$ gratitude4 ,yet aft] we h be5 j t[>d ! good1 let u be j to ! evil1 & ackn[l$ge1 ) ! augu/ & tru?ful ,pius ,,ix41 t human society is at ?is mom5t pr(\ndly tr\bl$4 ,b d n ?9k t ,i int5d to speak ( political tr\ble & ( w>4 ,i "k t ,europe has1 )9 a few ye>s1 res\nd$ m ?an once ) ! %ock ( battles1 & t at ! pres5t mom5t _m feel a dull re/lessness4 ,! p are arm+ & prep>+1 x is said1 = gigantic /ruggles4 ,does ! ,sov]eign ,pontiff wi% to speak ( ! mighty int]e/s ( political affairs1 ( que/ions ( nationalities1 ( ! fronti]s ( k+doms1 & ( ! balance ( p[]8 ,! *ur* is n inde$ indiff]5t to peace or w> betwe5 nations1 = e day h] pray]s asc5d to heav5 = concord betwe5 ,*ri/ian peoples & ,*ri/ian pr9ces4 #hjf ,b yet1 z ,i h already /at$1 %e does n ga!r h] c\ncil to solve ^! que/ions2 ! pacific assembly at ,rome w m$itate nei!r revolutions nor conque/s1 nei!r leagues ( sov]eigns nor treaties ( nations1 nei!r ! e/abli%m5t ( dyna/ies nor _! d[nfall4 ,:ile all ,europe--&1 if we look fur!r1 :ile ! new _w z well1 z ! old--is trembl+ at ! ?reat5+ signs ( w> & revolution1 at ,rome1 t augu/ c5tre1 t res]v$ place1 ga!r$ ab\t ! successor ( ,/4 ,pet]1 ar\nd ! *air ( tru?1 ! pa/ors ( nations--_! feet1 x is true1 ^u ! e>? & on ! immovable rock1 b _! eyes turn$ t[>d heav5--w be occupi$ ) s\ls1 ! ne$s ( s\ls ! et]nal salvation ( s\ls2 9 "o ^w1 ) ! highe/ & p]man5t int]e/s ( humanity4 ,& surely !y w d well2 =1 :o c disguise x8 are n s\ls 9 p]il & ! fai? ( :ole nations m5ac$8 ,d y ask1 :at new h]esy has aris58 ,f ! bosom ( ! *ur*1 none2 ! cl]gy h nev] be5 m closely unit$ 9 ! fai? f "o end ( ! _w to ! o!r4 ,)\t ! pale ( ! *ur* ! same attacks1 a hundr$ times repell$ & a hundr$ times r5ew$1 are levell$ aga9/ all ! po9ts ( ,*ri/ian doctr9e1 b "u new =ms & a fre% vigor4 ,yet !re is m ?an ?is4 ,) an impiety :i* out/rips ev5 ! eighte5? c5tury1 ! natural tru?s1 ^? fir/ pr9ciples on :i* e ?+ "h reposes z its safegu>d1 ev5 ! natural tru?s1 are d5i$ or boldly discuss$4 ,sci5ce is also to h its h]esies4 ,!re is a s*ism among ! philosoph]s4 ,reason has to take its turn 9 assaults :i* seem$ res]v$ = ! fai?4 ,/range ?+6 ,fai? to-day is gu>d+ ! treasures ( reason1 & s]ves z _! ramp>t6 ,to-day x is y1 ,o savants1 ,o philosoph]s1 :o h ne$ = u6 ,y h (t5 accus$ u ( hav+ nei!r sci5ce nor intellig5ce2 b y1 my poor bre?r51 :o are s wise & s intellig5t1 h sc>cely be5 able to def5d a s+le well-kn[n tru?6 ,& y1 ,o ,prote/ants6 :o expect$ to re=m ! *ur* ( ,god1 x is y :o to-day ne$ re=m+2 x is y :o feel mo/ ke5ly h[ great an injury is ! loss ( ! bless+ ( au?ority6 ,look = a mom5t at ! /ate ( ! intellig5t m9ds ( our day4 ,:]e h discordant philosophies l$ !m8 ,= ?ree c5turies1 9 ,g]many1 impetu\s m9ds h ris5 :o1 reject+ ! guid+ re9 ( fai?1 h %[n to ! a/oni%$ _w ! audacity1 & at ! same "t ! feebl5ess1 ( reason4 ,?is too has quickly be5 foll[$ by l audacity & feebl5ess ( morals4 ,:at has come f ! prodigi\s ef=ts ( tal5t & erudition8 ,no?+ m admirable ?an ! resurrection ( e error ( pagan times--pan!ism1 a!ism1 scepticism--& among ^? :o yet cl+ to "s =m ( religion1 ,*ri/ianity has 9 reality p]i%$ because ( _! _m contradictory & ridicul\s explanations ( its doctr9es4 ,?us h end$1 "u our own eyes1 eighte5 c5turies aft] ,jesus ,*ri/1 all ^! wond]ful intellectual labors :i* are ! greate/ t ! _w has ev] witness$4 ,& :at is ! /ate1 to-day1 ( ,france8 ,religi\s belief is vigor\sly attack$ & ev5 philosophical fai? seems ready to disappe>4 ,! tru?s ( reason are ov]?r[n1 & a pret5d$ sci5ce1 intoxicat$ ) itself1 d5ies human reason1 & wi%es1 9 ! "n ( a!ism & mat]ialism1 to snat* f man 8 belief 9 ! immortality ( ! s\l & 8 fai? 9 ,god4 #hjg ,! mo/ dang]\s doctr9es conc]n+ morals1 society1 ! s\l1 ! family1 a future life1 & ,god1 are w>mly def5d$ by means ( j\rnals1 pamphlets1 & ev5 novels4 ,our contempor>ies are ei!r wreck$ on ?is sea ( errors1 or float1 )\t a helm or a compass1 at ! m]cy ( e w9d ( d\bt4 ,d>k /orms are ris+ 9 human s\ls1 & !y p5etrate ! v dep?s ( ! masses ( ! p4 ,at ! same "t1 !re are _m misund]/&+s 9 reg>d to ! *ur*1 & consequ5tly !re is an animat$ attack ^u h] doctr9es4 ,:5 ! revolution1 :i* is n[ mak+ a t\r ?r\gh ,europe & ! re/ ( ! _w1 appe>$ 9 ,france1 ! *ur* 0 atta*$ by bonds1 :i* "t _h =g$1 to ! old political ord]4 ,%e 0 c>ri$ ) t political sy/em into ! /ruggle4 ,h5ce x comes t m5 h n be5 able to di/+ui% t :i* belongs to a legitimate /ate ( society1 )\t be+ at all necess>y to ! *ur*1 & t :i* con/itutes ! ess5tial pr9ciples & immutable _s ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,) c]ta9 m5 !re is only "o feel+ t[>d ! *ur*--t ( bl9d & implacable hatr$4 ,=gett+ eighte5 c5turies ( b5efits1 !y cont9ue to wage an ungrateful w>4 ,! waves ( revolution sweep 9 _! c\rse bo? tru? & falsehood1 virtue & crime1 b5efits & injuries1 & ! *ur*1 because %e c make no compromise ) error & vice1 mu/ p]si/ 9 po9t+ out ! illusion ( deceitful words & ! dang] ( false doctr9es4 ,_m /ubbornly *>ge ! *ur* ) ?\ghts & doctr9es :i* are n h]s4 ,an infidel press & unscrupul\s blasphemy aga9/ ! *ur* /rive to sep>ate ! p f h] fold4 ,we he>1 bo? 9 disord]ly conv5tions & 9 ! writ+s ( ^? j\rnali/s :o conv5e !m1 ! mo/ /upid & reckless ass]tions aga9/ ! *ur* m+l+ ) ?reats ( social w>4 ,& ev5 9 our legislative assemblies ?is unreasonable enmity appe>s1 dem&+ a viol5t sep>ation ( ! *ur* & society4 ,& lately1 :5 ! voice ( ! ,sov]eign ,pontiff 0 rais$ to describe ! ov]fl[ ( ^? impi\s & immoral !ories :i* n[ inundate u1 h[ _m compla9ts1 h[ _m unm]it$ accusations 7 ev]y:]e made6 ,)\t c>+ to und]/& 8 mean+1 ! ,holy ,fa!r 0 calumniat$4 ,& ) grief we saw /atesm51 "u ! influ5ce ( viol5t passion & )\t ask+ or writ+ = any explanation1 ha/5 to proclaim an antagonism :i*1 ?ank ,god1 does n exi/4 ,^! ho/ilities aga9/ ! *ur*1 :ile sep>at+ f h] ! p :o are delud$1 r5d] ! p]il 9 :i* ^! contempor>y errors w\ld drag u f> m =midable4 ,doctr9es are n in(f5sive2 ,m4 ,de ,bonald promulgat$ a law ( hi/ory :i* is confirm$ by con/ant exp]i5ce1 :5 he wrote ^! =cible words3 ,!re are always great disord]s :]e !re are great errors1 & great errors :]e !re are great disord]s4 ,x is ?\ght t br+s =? facts2 /orms come f above4 ,& ,i say to m5 ( good fai?1 y expect$ to e/abli% ! gov]nm5t ( p & ! conduct ( life on reason alone4 ,?is exp]im5t has be5 tri$ = ?ree qu>t]s ( a c5tury 9 ,france2 :at is ! result8 ,are ! morals ( our p bett]8 ,is ! civil au?ority respect$8 #hjh ,is lib]ty well e/abli%$8 ,has w> disappe>$8 ,or mis]y8 ,or ignorance8 ,& :at c be said ( ^? que/ions :i* reason asks ) a r>e f]tility ( inv5tion1 b :i* %e _c answ]1 & :i* conc]n ! v organization ( society--que/ions ab\t labor1 wages1 & workm58 ,i d n exagg]ate :5 ,i ass]t t s9ce reason has pret5d$ to reign alone1 %e reigns1 l ! night />1 ov] %ad[s :i* %e _c dissipate4 ,ev5 9 ! mo/ civiliz$ c\ntries1 ! e>? has become an abode ( anxiety1 di/ress1 /rife1 & t]ror4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury w soon close1 agitat$1 we>y1 b>r51 & inconte/ably diseas$4 ,ra% inde$ w\ld be ! "o :o w\ld v5ture to pr$ict t x w\ld close 9 glory & n 9 p]dition4 ,,iv4 ,review ,( ,! ,pa/ ,h[ev]1 ,i besee* my fri5ds & bre?r5 9 ! fai? n to exagg]ate any?+4 ,x is p]mitt$ to be sad1 ,i repeat1 :5 we consid] ! pres5t times2 & ,i %\ld feel b\nd to consid] ! s\l :i* is n sadd5$ by ^! ?+s z possess+ v little true nobility4 ,! sons ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ! m5 ( my day1 h _h _m en*ant+ dreams2 we h n\ri%$ _m g5]\s hopes2 b n[ we are go+ to die1 & to die delud$4 ,b :at6 is our %ort life ! :ole ( hi/ory8 ,we did n live 9 ! sixte5? c5tury2 we %all n see ! tw5tie?2 b ! *ur* liv$ ye/]day1 & %e w live to-morr[4 ,if ,i %\ld say :at %e hopes1 all my prophecies w\ld n be =ebod+s2 & if ,i %\ld "q h] memory1 ! pres5t times w\ld appe> all ! bright] by be+ comp>$ ) ! pa/4 ,if we glance at ages :i* are no m1 %all we f9d _m c5turies :i* did n h _! tr\bles & _! dang]s8 ,ah6 ! disc\ragem5t ( c]ta9 ,ca?olics calls to m9d ! s5t5ce ( "o ( ! sapi5tial books3 ,say n3 :at ?9ke/ ?\ is ! cause t =m] times 7 bett] ?an !y are n[8 = ?is mann] ( "q is fooli%4 ,footnote #bhg ,i 0 read+ a few days s9ce "s ( ! bulls ( convocation ( ! anci5t c\ncils ( ! middle ages4 ,! lam5tation ( ^? popes ( ! mis=tunes ( _! "t f> exce$s any?+ :i* is he>d to-day4 ,&1 n to g fur!r back ?an ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 let ! *ur* tell u ( ^? times1 = %e 0 pres5t to !m4 ,:at did %e see !n8 ,footnote #bhg3 ,eccles4 vii4 #aa4 ,t c5tury 0 mu* l ours1 because ( its great discov]ies1 its appreciation ( le>n+1 & its revival ( ! arts2 x 0 l ! pres5t c5tury1 also1 9 ! bad use x made ( ^! gifts4 ,! sixte5? c5tury peopl$ ,am]ica1 :i* _h be5 only rec5tly discov]$2 ab&on$ itself to cruel excesses ( crime & av>ice !re1 & introduc$ ! disgrace ( human slav]y4 ,x receiv$ treasures f t c\ntry1 & x us$ !m = ! corruption ( ! morals ( ,europe4 ,:e!r we look ^u ! ?rones1 or among ! masses ( ! p1 or ev5 9 ! *ur* h]self1 we f9d _m a sad spectacle4 ,?is c5tury 0 ! witness ( ! crimes ( ,h5ry ,,viii42 ,elizabe?2 ,ivan ! ,t]rible2 ,*ri/ian ,,ii42 ! ,m$ici2 ,*>les ,,ix42 & ,h5ry ,,iii4 ,?is c5tury saw ! pillag+ ( ,rome & ! siege ( ,p>is4 #hji ,?is c5tury saw ! pret5d$ re=mation r5d ! *ur*1 di/urb ! peace ( all ,europe1 & divide ,*ri/ians into two p>ts4 ,if "o desires to f9d out ! evils :i* exi/$ 9 ! *ur* & 9 society 9 ^? days1 let him read ! lives ( great & holy p ( t "t2 let him read ( ,b>?olomew1 ( ! ,m>tyrs ,/4 ,*>les ,borromeo & ,/4 ,francis ( ,sales4 ,i h already m5tion$ ! papal bulls ( ! middle ages2 b read ^? ( ! pontiffs :o convok$ ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 & x w be soon se5 t ,adrian ,,vi41 ,paul ,,iii41 ,pius ,,iv41 7 !n m al>m$ at ! dang]s ( ! ,*ri/ian republic ?an ,pius ,,ix4 n[ is4 ,!re 0 tepidity1 disord]1 & sc&al2 ! cl]gy poorly organiz$2 ! religi\s ord]s mu* relax$2 & !n1 too1 pr9ces 7 divid$1 ! p oppress$1 & w> a daily occurr5ce 9 e c\ntry4 ,& ! c\ncil :i* _h assembl$ amid su* sad circum/ances 0 compell$ to meet 9 a little village hidd5 9 ! m\nta9s ( ,tyrol1 & or six ye>s x 0 at ! m]cy ( temporal pr9ces to susp5d or to all[ x to proce$2 & ?us x 0 compell$ to endure a p]petual conflict4 ,b va9 are ob/acles to ,god's *ur*6 ,h] virtue w triumph ov] ev]y?+4 ,:at great works & great m5 came =? f ?is c\ncil & f ! reg5]at+ brea? t x brea!d ov] ,*ri/ian society6 ,/4 ,*>les ,borromeo1 ,/4 ,philip ,n]i1 ,/4 ,pet] ( ,alcant>a1 ,/4 ,!resa1 ,/4 ,john ( ! ,cross1 ,/4 ,francis ( ,sales1 ,/4 ,jane ( ,*autal1 ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul1 ,/4 ,francis ,borgia1 & ,/4 ,francis ,regis1 heirs ( ! _s ( ,/4 ,ignatius & ,/4 ,francis ,xavi]4 ,!n closely foll[+ ^! canoniz$ sa9ts 7 su* apo/olic m5 z ! ,b4 ,pet] ,f\rri]1 ,c>d9al ,b]ulle1 ,m4 ,oli]1 ,m4 ,eucles1 ,m4 ,b\rdoise1 ! ,abb ( ,rauc1 & _m o!rs4 ,!n too came _m congregations1 :i* 7 fruitful 9 %[+ aga9 ! true /&>d ( cl]ical & religi\s life1 & 9 reanimat+ ev]y:]e ! love ( /udy1 regul>ity1 & *>ity4 ,su* 0 ! univ]sal improvem5t :i* ! *ur* display$4 ,?is 0 foll[$ by ,fnlon & ,bossuet & ! maje/ic unity ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,& not)/&+ all ! mis=tunes t ?is immortal ,"m ( m5 has _h to ov]come1 ! *ur* has n[ places ( wor%ip 9 ,j]usalem1 lib]ty 9 ,pek9 & ,con/ant9ople1 ! episcopal hi]>*y 9 ,engl& & ,holl&1 h] c\ncils 9 ,baltimore1 & h] mission>ies 9 ,africa1 ,oceanica1 & ,japan4 ,! *ur* rejoices f ! v dep?s ( h] s\l to see t1 al?\gh religion has got mu* to wi% = & mu* to deplore1 /ill 9 e "p ( ! _w ! laws are n[ m equitable1 ! p[]ful are less oppressive1 ! weak are bett] protect$1 ! poor m g5]\sly assi/$1 & slaves are decl>$ free4 ,b :5 ! *ur* turns to t pret5d$ re=m :i* s audaci\sly rose up aga9/ ! sp\se ( ,*ri/ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 %e f9ds t its doctr9es h almo/ vani%$2 x has run its c\rse & exhau/$ its arms4 ,h[ diff]5t is ! pres5t condition ( ! ,holy ,*ur*6 ,t *ur*1 ^: abuses 7 s fe>ful t !y c\ld no long] be endur$1 to-day pres5ts a ,pope ^: em95t virtue compels respect2 h] bi%ops are m num]\s & zeal\s2 h] prie/s fai?ful1 unit$1 devot$2 h] religi\s ord]s1 temp]$ by ! fire ( p]secution & pov]ty1 are le>n$ & exempl>y4 #haj ,& :5 ?is *ur* desires to assemble a c\ncil1 x is to ,rome %e bids h] *ildr5 come1 by ! reliable roads1 ! rapid c>riages & ! facilities ( e k9d :i* %e owes to ! g5ius1 ! ju/ice1 & ! res\rces ( mod]n times4 ,x is well en\gh kn[n t ,i am n among ^? :o close _! eyes & pres]ve sil5ce 9 reg>d to ! evils ( ! day & ! _m p]ils :i* lie 9 ! way ( s\ls4 ,b nei!r d ,i wi% to be ungrateful = ! b5efits ( ,god1 or to refuse to see ! p[] :i* l5ds its /r5g? to ! *ur*1 & ! help :i* he gives to ! good cause1 ev5 9 ! wor/ times4 ,nor %\ld x be =gott5 t man's duty is to /ruggle = tru?1 & t ea* c5tury has its task & its difficulty4 ,i pity1 ,i d n execrate1 ! pres5t "t4 ,i d n despair ( ! p1 & ,i d n ana!matize _! rul]s4 ,!y are n omnipot5t1 & !y h to cont5d ) _m difficulties4 ,i pray = !m1 z ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has always done2 ,i caution !m1 bo? pr9ces & p1 z mu* z lies )9 my p[]1 & ,i ask a loyal & s9c]e concurr5ce to ! great "w ( ! *ur*1 :i* is ! sanctification & civilization ( ! _w4 ,!re are ?ree ?+s :i* %\ld cause u all ! ke5e/ anxiety2 ^! are1 ! de/ruction ( fai?1 :i* has be5 ha/5$ by ! impi\s direction :i* sci5tific & philosophical /udies h tak52 ! prevail+ laxity ( morals1 :i* may fairly be attribut$ to ! ?\s& new & s$uctive =ms ( vice2 & la/ly1 ! unju/ /atem5ts :i* ! enemies ( religion delight 9 p]petuat+ betwe5 ! *ur* & ! masses ( ! p4 ,^! are ?ree diseases :i*1 by ,god's grace1 w be cur$4 ,!re are c]ta9 p]sons 9 ^: eyes ^! ?ree sc\rges are only ! p>tial results ( t :i* is n[1 & has always be51 ! greate/ ( all sc\rges1 namely1 revolution4 ,i d n l to use ?is vague & indef9ite ^w :i*1 l a spectre1 appe>s & gr[s =midable at "o's w2 b yet x is v true t ^! evils d fo/] 9 ! bosom ( society a division ( m9d1 a scorn ( ,god & ( all au?ority1 a pride & a hatr$1 :i* are cont9ually ?reat5+ ^! societies ) a return to revolutions4 ---------- #haa ,ca?olicity ,& ,pan!ism4 ,numb] ,five4 ,laws ,accord+ ,to ,:i* ,! ,my/]y ,( ,! ,tr9ity ,%\ld ,be ,und]/ood4 ,we proce$1 9 ?is article1 to lay d[n "s g5]al laws :i* gov]n1 s to speak1 ! organism ( ! life ( ! inf9ite4 ,! ignorance or ! ov]look+ ( ^! laws has ev] caus$ ^? :o plung$ into ! abyss ( inf9ite life to se>* its g5esis1 to fall into "o =m or o!r ( pan!ism1 z w be se5 9 ! c\rse ( ?is article4 ,! fir/ & pr9cipal law may be enunciat$ z foll[s3 ,no o!r di/9ction c be pr$icat$ ( ! inf9ite1 b t aris+ f ! relative opposition ( orig9 betwe5 ! t]ms4 ,footnote #bhh ,footnote #bhh3 ,realis di/9ctio int] relationes div9as non e/ nisi ratione oppositionis relativae4 ,s4 ,?41 ,s4 ,t42 qu4 #cj1 art4 ad4 ,we h already demon/rat$ t ! life ( ! inf9ite is t]m9at$ by ?ree di/9ct p]sonalities1 :i* e/abli% a multiplicity 9 its bosom4 ,a di/9ction1 !re=e1 mu/ be pr$icat$ ( ! inf9ite4 ,b ( :at sort8 ,?is di/9ction1 9 ! fir/ place1 c\ld n fall ^u ! ess5ce1 )\t break+ its absolute simplicity4 ,x mu/1 consequ5tly1 be f\nd among ! t]m9ations ( ! ess5ce1 or p]sonalities4 ,b1 aga91 ^! ?ree p]sons be+ possess$ ( ! same id5tical ess5ce1 & ?us p>ticipat+ 9 all its p]fections1 h[ c !y be di/+ui%$1 "o f ! o!r8 ,by a real opposition ( orig94 ,"o p]son orig9ates2 ! o!r is orig9at$2 z pr9ciple & t]m !y are necess>ily oppos$ to ea* o!r1 & consequ5tly di/9ct4 ,?is law ma9ta9s bo? ! unity & ! multiplicity 9 ! inf9ite4 ,x ma9ta9s ! unity2 = ! law does n require any real di/9ction betwe5 ! p]sons & ! ess5ce1 b only a di/9ction made by our reason to facilitate our appreh5sion2 h5ce ! ?ree div9e p]sons are truly & ess5tially ! inf9ite4 ,x ma9ta9s multiplicity1 because ! ?ree div9e p]sons are oppos$ on ! gr\nd ( opposition ( orig91 & are consequ5tly di/9ct4 ,"h lies ! :ole difficulty1 ! read] w say2 ?ree ?+s oppos$ "o to ano!r1 & ?us di/9ct f ea* o!r1 h[ are !y "o 9 ess5ce8 ,we might reply1 9 ! fir/ place1 t ! possibility ( ?is is gr\nd$ on a psy*ological fact1 :i* e "o accu/om$ to reflection may easily asc]ta94 ,take ! op]ation ( ! human _s4 ,man kn[s himself2 9 ?is fact ! me ent]s twice2 because ! me is ! subject :i* kn[s1 & at ! same "t ! object kn[n4 ,! me kn[+ is ! be+ 9 ! subjective =m2 ! me kn[n is ! be+ 9 ! objective =m4 ,aga91 man loves himself ?r\gh ! idea ( himself3 ! me "h ent]s ?ree times--! me "u ! subjective =m ( kn[+ & ( lov+2 ! me "u ! objective =m ( kn[n2 ! me "u ! objective =m ( be+ lov$4 #hab ,nev]!less1 all ?ree are "o & ! same be+3 ! me "u ! subjective =m kn[s & loves ! me "u ! objective =m2 a multiplicity & a unity :i* _c be disput$2 n only because ( ! te/imony ( consci\sness1 :i* av]s to ! fact1 b because on ?is multiplicity & unity are f\nd$ two di/9ct sci5ces1 psy*ology & ideology2 psy*ology1 :i* treats ( ! me z subject1 ( its nature & prop]ties2 ideology1 :i* treats ( ! product ( ! me1 or ideas4 ,?is op]ation ( man is an image ( ! g5esis ( ,god's life4 ,! inf9ite kn[s & loves himself4 ,into ?is fact ( 8 et]nal life he ent]s ?ree times2 ! inf9ite1 s to speak1 z subject kn[+ & lov+ himself2 ! inf9ite z object kn[n2 ! inf9ite z object lov$4 ,! inf9ite kn[+ himself is necess>ily oppos$ to ! inf9ite kn[n1 because x orig9ates him by an intellectual op]ation2 ! inf9ite kn[n is necess>ily oppos$ to ! inf9ite kn[+1 because orig9at$ by him4 ,aga91 ! inf9ite lov+ himself & ! inf9ite kn[n 7because ! inf9ite _c love himself except ?r\gh ! inf9ite kn[n7 are necess>ily oppos$ to ! inf9ite lov$1 because !y orig9ate him2 ! inf9ite lov$ is necess>ily oppos$ to ! inf9ite lov+ & kn[n1 because emanat+ f bo?4 ,?is relative opposition ( orig9 causes a real di/9ction among ! t]ms )\t break+ ! unity ( ! ess5ce4 ,b1 ! bett] to illu/rate ?is law1 & to %[ h[ well x ma9ta9s unity & multiplicity 9 ! inf9ite1 we %all "h inve/igate ! metaphysical law ( ! fact2 t is1 :y & h[ ?+s :i* are oppos$ to ea* o!r c h>monize & be br\ght into unity1 9 a ?ird ?+4 ,we h giv5 an example ( ! fact 9 ! op]ation ( man2 b let u give a few m in/ances to g5]alize x m & m4 ,?is fact is obs]v$ 9 bo? ! ideological & ontological ord]s4 ,fir/1 z to ! ord] ( ideas4 ,two ideas1 :i* 9 _! own ord] are oppos$ to ea* o!r1 h>monize & are br\ght toge!r 9 a ?ird idea4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! idea ( sub/ance & modification2 sub/ance conveys ! idea ( some?+ subsi/+ by itself1 t :i* requires no be+ to lean on 9 ord] to subsi/4 ,x means some?+ /&+ p]man5t4 ,! idea ( modification is t ( some?+ :i* is n p]man5t 9 itself1 b requires ano!r be+ to lean on1 to cl+ to1 9 ord] to subsi/4 ,! two ideas1 z x appe>s1 are directly oppos$ to ea* o!r1 s9ce _! notions are contradictory2 yet bo? ideas1 contradictory "o to ! o!r 9 _! own ord]1 agree & are br\ght into companion%ip 9 ! common idea ( exi/5ce1 "o exi/+ p]man5tly1 ! o!r exi/+ by lean+ on ano!r4 ,moreov]1 take ! transc5d5tal idea ( unity1 tru?1 & goodness4 ,unity implies a negation ( multiplicity1 some?+ undivid$ 9 itself & di/9ct f o!rs4 ,tru? implies a multiplicity1 because x is ess5tially a relation ( an object to an intellig5ce2 aequatio rei et intellectus1 z ,/4 ,?omas def9es x4 ,goodness also implies a multiplicity1 because x is ess5tially a relation ( a be+ to a t5d5cy or faculty4 ,^! ?ree ideas1 contradictory or div]se1 are br\ght into h>mony 9 ! common idea ( be+2 = e metaphysician kn[s t unity1 tru?1 goodness1 are ! transc5d5tal qualities ( be+1 & are id5tifi$ ) x4 #hac ,! fact is !re=e indisputable 9 ! ideological ord]1 t is1 ( ideas contradictory "o to ano!r or div]se1 agree+ 9 a common idea4 ,x is no less true 9 ! ord] ( reality1 because ideology is f\nd$ on ontology4 ,take1 = in/ance1 a body2 x has l5g?1 bread?1 height1 & dep?4 ,^! qualities ( bodies are contr>y to ea* o!r 9 _! own ord]1 yet !y h>monize 9 ! body4 ,take ! =ces ( attraction & repulsion2 bo? are contradictory laws1 yet bo? agree 9 ! same body4 ,man h>monizes & br+s toge!r 9 himself ! laws ( movem5t1 ( vegetation1 ( animality & ( intellig5ce1 :i* are diff]5t & contradictory to ea* o!r4 ,& 9 8 _s1 z we h said be=e1 he opposes himself z an object to himself1 z subject )\t break+ ! unity ( ! s\l4 ,n[ :]e9 lies ! reason ( ?is fact8 ,9 ! ideological ord] x lies 9 ! univ]sality ( ideas2 9 ! ord] ( reality1 9 ! int5sity ( be+1 or 9 ! am\nt ( p]fection4 ,a univ]sal idea compreh5ds & h>monizes 9 itself inf]ior & m p>ticul> ideas1 oppos$ to or diff]5t f ea* o!r2 a m p]fect be+1 or a great] reality h>monizes & br+s toge!r inf]ior realities oppos$ to & div]se f ea* o!r1 = ! reason ( its v int5sity ( p]fection4 ,a doctr9e ( ,/4 ,?omas beautifully illu/rates ?is tru?4 ,he inquires into ! di/9ction betwe5 intellig5t & non-intellig5t entities1 &1 aft] hav+ rem>k$ t intellig5t be+s are di/+ui%$ f ^? n intellig5t by ?is--t ! second are only capable ( conta9+ _! own =ms or actuality1 :]eas ! fir/1 besides _! own actuality1 are capable ( receiv+ ! =ms or actuality ( o!r ?+s1 because 9 intellig5t be+s is f\nd ! ideal similitude ( ! object kn[n1 he alleges1 z a reason = ?is di/9ction1 contraction or limitation4 ,f ?is x appe>s1 he concludes1 t ! nature ( un9tellig5t be+s is m contract$ & limit$1 :ile ! nature ( intellig5t be+s is end[$ ) ! great] ext5sion2 h5ce ! philosoph] said t ! s\l is z x 7 e ?+4 ,footnote #bhi ,footnote #bhi3 ,s4 ,?41 ,s4 ,t42 "p1 #a1 qu4 #ad1 art4 #a4 ,?is reason1 h[ev]1 :i* acc\nts = a m g5]al idea or = a great] reality h>moniz+ 9 itself p>ticul> ideas or less] realities oppos$ to ea* o!r 9 _! own ord]1 does n acc\nt = an opposition ly+ 9 ! v bosom ( a be+4 ,9 o!r words1 :5 ! p>ticul> ideas & ! less] realities are tak5 z oppos$ to ea* o!r1 !y are consid]$ di/9ct & ap>t f ! g5]al idea or great] reality4 ,:5 !y are h>moniz$ 9 ! g5]al idea or great] reality1 _! limits & opposition are suppos$ to be elim9at$2 & ?is is ! reason :y ! h>mony becomes possible4 ,b :5 ! opposition is to be f\nd 9 ! same be+1 t is to say1 :5 t]ms oppos$ to ea* o!r are n di/9ct f ! g5]al idea or great] reality1 b lie 9 its v bosom1 !n :at is x t ma9ta9s bo? ! opposition ( ! t]ms & ! unity & simplicity ( ! be+8 ,9 ?is case1 a relation ( orig9 causes ! opposition )\t break+ ! unity ( ! be+4 ,! same be+ suppos$ subsi/5t1 be+ capable ( intellig5c+ itself1 c beget an ideal conception ( itself2 9 o!r words1 ! same be+ c exi/ z object und]/ood 9 itself1 z subject und]/&+1 z object lov$ 9 itself1 & z subject lov+4 ,9 ?is orig9ation1 ! relation betwe5 ! t]ms orig9at$ is true & real2 because ! be+ z subject1 z su*1 is really oppos$ to itself z object1 & truly relative to itself4 #had ,! be+ c\ld n be subject1 )\t oppos+ itself z object to itself z subject4 ,yet ?is takes place )\t addition to or subtraction f ! unity & ! simplicity ( ! be+2 ontologically1 ! be+ is absolutely ! same4 ,:at prev5ts u f p]ceiv+ ?is fully & cle>ly1 is ! action ( ! imag9ation & ! ess5tial condition ( our intellig5ce1 :i* _c be ex]cis$ except by ! help ( a s5sible ph5om5on4 ,?us1 :5 we /rive to p]ceive a relation1 x is pictur$ to our imag9ation z be+ some?+ real1 a k9d ( l9k or *a9 betwe5 ! t]ms relat$4 ,n[1 :5 x is consid]$ t ?is is only imag9>y1 & t ontologically a relation is no?+ m ?an ! attitude1 to speak ! language ( s*oolm51 ( "o object t[>d ano!r1 x is evid5t t a be+1 capable ( intellig5ce & ( love1 c oppose itself1 z object1 to itself z subject1 )\t addition to or dim9ution f or break+ up ( ! simplicity ( ! be+4 ,we conclude--p>ticul> ideas or less] realities1 oppos$ to ea* o!r1 c be h>moniz$ 9 g5]al idea1 or great] realities4 ,! metaphysical reason ( ?is is1 t opposition proce$s (t5-times f limitation1 & t g5]al idea or great] reality1 by elim9ation ( ! limits1 c h>monize ?+s oppos$ 9 _! own ord]4 ,?is reason is satisfactory :5 ! p>ticul> ideas or less] realities are consid]$ di/9ct & ap>t f ! g5]al idea or great] reality2 t is1 !y are oppos$ :5 di/9ct--! opposition vani%es :5 id5tifi$4 ,b ! reason is n satisfactory to expla9 h[ !re may be t]ms di/9ct & oppos$ to ea* o!r 9 ! same be+1 )\t break+ ! unity ( ! be+4 ,! law ( opposition ( orig91 & ! relation result+ !refrom1 fully expla9s & ma9ta9s bo? ! multiplicity & ! unity 9 ! same be+4 ,apply+ ^! ideas to ! inf9ite1 x is evid5t t1 ! di/9ction ( ! div9e p]sonalities tak+ place accord+ to ! law ( opposition ( orig91 bo? ! multiplicity ( p]sons & ! absolute simplicity ( ! div9e ess5ce are ma9ta9$4 ,because ! di/9ction ( ! div9e p]sons is caus$ by a relation ( orig94 ,n[1 z we h se51 a relation ( orig9 nei!r adds to nor subtracts f ! ess5ce2 on ! o!r h&1 ! relation betwe5 ! t]ms is true & real4 ,consequ5tly1 ! law ( opposition ( orig9 expla9s1 z f> z human intellect c fa?om1 h[ ! di/9ction ( ! div9e p]sonalities c be ma9ta9$ )\t at all detract+ f ! unity ( ! ess5ce4 ,x w n d to say t !ologians h imag9$ ?is law1 to suit _! sy/ems4 ,?is law is giv5 by ! fact ( human ?\ght & by ! ontological requirem5ts ( be+4 ,z we h already obs]v$1 be+ is ess5tially "o1 true1 & good4 ,n[ ^! qualities at ! same "t are id5tifi$ ) be+1 because1 :5 ! m9d tries to fa?om !m1 x f9ds no?+ add$ to be+1 & yet are !y ess5tially a relation4 ,"h we h id5tity & di/9ction1 & no?+ c expla9 x1 z f> z ! my/]y ( be+ c be expla9$1 except ! law ( opposition ( orig94 ,our read]s1 f ! above rem>ks1 may see :at becomes ( t great objection1 s (t5 urg$ aga9/ ! dogma ( ! tr9ity1 & s _m times dispos$ ( by ! doctors ( ! *ur*1 yet repeat$ aga9 & aga9 :i* ! same assurance4 #hae ,x is said1 quae sunt idem t]tio1 sunt eadem int] se2 t is1 ?+s :i* are id5tical ) a ?ird ?+ are id5tical ) ea* o!r4 ,n[1 ! ?ree div9e p]sons1 accord+ to ca?olic doctr9e1 are id5tical ) inf9ite ess5ce2 !re=e !y are id5tical ) ea* o!r2 t is1 n di/9ct1 & consequ5tly _c exi/4 ,(t5times1 9 ?9k+ ov] ?is objection s triumphantly br\ght =w>d1 we h ?\ght ( ! well-kn[n l9es ( ,pope3 ,a little le>n+ is a dang]\s ?+2 ,dr9k deep1 or ta/e n ! ,pi]ian spr+2 ,^? %all[ draughts intoxicate ! bra91 ,b dr9k+ l>gely sob]s u aga94 ,= ! pr9ciple1 :5 exam9$ c>efully1 does n apply to ^? cases 9 :i* a di/9ction is pr$icat$ ( a be+ caus$ by a relation to itself4 ,= in/ance1 ^u t pr9ciple we might reason ?us3 ?+s :i* are id5tical ) a ?ird ?+ are id5tical ) ea* o!r4 ,b height1 l5g?1 bread?1 & dep? are "o & ! same ?+ ) bodies2 !re=e1 are id5tical among !mselves2 & all di/9ction betwe5 height & dep?1 l5g? & bread?1 is a pure figm5t2 & ar*itects1 calculat+ ! proportions ( a build+1 w\ld d well to rememb] ! pr9ciple1 = x w\ld save !m consid]able "t & tr\ble4 ,aga93 unity1 tru?1 & goodness are id5tical ) reality4 ,b ^? ?+s :i* are id5tical ) a ?ird are id5tical ) ea* o!r2 !re=e1 unity1 tru?1 goodness are id5tical among !mselves1 & x is ! same ?+ to be "o1 true1 & good1 z to be4 ,& all ! diff]5t sci5ces =m$ on ^! relations ( be+ are useless wa/es ( ?\ght & m$itation4 ,moreov]1 ! ?9k+ & lov+ subject 9 man1 ! ?\ght & ! love1 are id5tical ) ! s\l2 !re=e1 accord+ to ! said pr9ciple1 !re is no di/9ction betwe5 ! ?9k+ subject & ! ?\ght1 & all ideology & gramm> is no?+ b useless pa/ime1 & we c\ld correctly say1 ! s\l is a ?9k+ subject--! s\l is a ?\ght4 ,! tru? is1 t ! pr9ciple applies only to p>ticul> cases1 & is by no means g5]al2 because1 z we h demon/rat$1 be+1 9 g5]al1 requires ?ree di/9ct relations to be conceiv$1 & :i*1 rema9+ di/9ct among !mselves1 are yet id5tical ) be+4 ,! inf9ite be+ c\ld nei!r be conceiv$1 nor be actual1 )\t ?ree di/9ct relations1 :i* mu/ be id5tical ) ! ess5ce1 )\t ceas+ to be di/9ct "o f ano!r4 ,if its tru? 7 g5]al & x appli$ to all cases1 x w\ld aboli% all di/9ction 9 ! inf9ite be+1 & consequ5tly1 aboli% its actuality & intelligibility1 & leave x only z an ab/raction--! ,hegelian be+--no?+4 ,moreov]1 t ! pr9ciple does n apply to ! inf9ite is evid5t f ! v enunciation & mean+ ( ! pr9ciple4 ,?+s :i* are id5tical ) a ?ird are id5tical ) ea* o!r4 ,9 ! enunciation & 9 ! mean+1 ! pr9ciple supposes a plurality1 &1 consequ5tly1 a di/9ction2 = ! gi/ ( ! pr9ciple is to comp>e a multiplicity to a unity4 ,n[1 :o does n see t1 if !re 7 n a supreme id5tity & a supreme multiplicity beyond ! sph]e & subord9ation ( ?is pr9ciple1 ! pr9ciple itself w\ld be de/roy$8 #haf ,= if x be ask$1 :at is ! orig91 ! cause1 & ! supreme expression ( plurality & di/9ction1 :i* ?is pr9ciple supposes1 we mu/ rise to a supreme & typical di/9ction & id5tity1 n subject to ! pr9ciple2 else we c\ld nev] acc\nt = ! exi/5ce ( ! pr9ciple4 ,! inf9ite is ! supreme id5tity & ! supreme multiplicity1 ! cause ( all di/9ction & id5tity1 & consequ5tly1 to x ! pr9ciple _c apply4 ,we conclude1 !re=e1 t ! fir/ law gov]n+ ! g5esis ( ,god's life is ! law ( opposition ( orig91 & t ?is law acc\nts bo? = ! unity ( ess5ce & ! tr9ity ( p]sons 9 ,god4 ,we pass to ! second law1 :i* is z foll[s3 ,9 ! inf9ite1 !re mu/ be a p]son :o does n proce$ f any?+1 & :o is nei!r begott5 nor made1 b :o subsi/s by himself4 ,! metaphysical reason ( ?is law is1 t !re mu/ be a fir/ pr9ciple 9 ev]y?+1 bo? 9 ! ontological & 9 ! ideological ord]s4 ,9 ! ontological ord]1 because if e pr9ciple ( reality1 if e cause call$ = ! exi/5ce ( ano!r to expla9 its exi/5ce1 x is evid5t t !re w\ld be a process ad inf9itum )\t expla9+ any?+4 ,= an inf9ite numb] ( causes1 ea* requir+ ano!r cause to expla9 _! exi/5ce1 w\ld multiply1 ad inf9itum1 ! necessity ( fir/ cause1 exi/+ by itself & conta9+ 9 itself ! reason ( its exi/5ce4 ,9 ! ideological ord]1 because e sci5ce mu/ h a pr9ciple :i* is n d]iv$ f any o!r1 & :i* mu/ be tak5 = grant$1 o!rwise sci5ce w\ld become impossible4 ,ask a pro( & a demon/ration = e pr9ciple1 say ( ma!matics1 & y w nev] be able to le>n x4 ,?us1 9 ! g5esis ( inf9ite life1 !re mu/ be a fir/ p]son :o subsi/s by himself1 o!rwise ! life ( ! inf9ite becomes impossible4 ,b1 besides ?is g5]al reason :i* requires a fir/ p]son und]iv$ f any?+1 !re is a p>ticul> reason1 m closely alli$ to ! subject1 :i* demon/rates x4 ,because1 if !re 7 n a fir/ p]son 9 ! inf9ite1 n proce$+ f any o!r ?+1 x w\ld orig9ate ei!r f ! ess5ce or f ano!r p]son4 ,n[1 x c\ld n orig9ate f ! ess5ce2 because betwe5 ! pr9ciple & its product !re is a real opposition ( orig92 !re=e1 9 ! supposition1 !re w\ld be a real opposition betwe5 ! ess5ce ( ! inf9ite & ! fir/ p]son4 ,n[1 ! ess5ce 9 "q is inf9ite1 & only ! f9ite c be oppos$ to x4 ,! fir/ p]son1 !re=e1 proce$+ f ! ess5ce1 w\ld be f9ite & n inf9ite2 t is1 he w\ld be a creature4 ,moreov]1 x w\ld be impossible t ! fir/ p]son %\ld proce$ f ! ess5ce1 because ! ess5ce )\t subsi/5ce is an ab/raction1 & an ab/raction c\ld n orig9ate a reality4 ,x c\ld n proce$ f ano!r p]son1 because1 z we h rem>k$1 ?is o!r p]son1 unless subsi/+ ( himself1 w\ld require ano!r z 8 pr9ciple1 & s on ad inf9itum4 ,z a coroll>y ( ?is law1 x foll[s t :atev] o!r p]sons may be suppos$ to exi/ 9 ! inf9ite1 !y mu/ orig9ate f ! fir/2 because--no o!r di/9ction be+ possible 9 ! inf9ite1 b t aris+ f opposition ( orig9--x foll[s t1 if !re 7 o!r p]sons 9 ! inf9ite1 & if !y did n orig9ate f ! fir/1 !y c\ld n be oppos$ to x1 & !re=e !y c\ld n be di/+ui%$ f x2 9 o!r words1 !y c\ld n exi/4 #hag ,a ?ird law gov]ns ! life ( ! inf9ite2 :i*1 if possible1 is yet m important ?an ! =m] two4 ,x is ! law ( imman5ce1 :i* may be express$ 9 ! foll[+ =mula4 ,! action1 by :i* ! p]sons 9 ! inf9ite are orig9at$1 t]m9ates inside ( ! inf9ite1 & is p]man5t1 et]nal1 & complete4 ,let x be obs]v$ t ! action ( an ag5t is always int]ior to x1 because x is its own movem5t4 ,b ! product ( ! ag5t is n always s2 sometimes x is laid inside ! ag5t2 sometimes x t]m9ates outside ! ag5t4 ,9 ! fir/ case1 ! action is call$ imman5t or int]ior2 9 ! second1 transi5t or ext]ior2 n because ! action is n always int]ior to ! subject1 b because ! effect or t]m ( ! action is ext]ior or =eign to ! subject4 ,! fir/ s5se1 !n1 9 :i* ! law ( imman5ce is to be appli$ to ! inf9ite is1 t ! t]ms ( ! action ( ! fir/ p]son t]m9ate inside ! inf9ite2 because1 if !y 7 to t]m9ate outside ( ,god1 !y w\ld be some?+ diff]5t f him1 & consequ5tly n div9e p]sons1 b f9ite be+s4 ,b ! law has a high] & m important be>+3 x implies t ! action by :i* ! div9e p]sons are orig9at$ is n transitory1 successive1 & incomplete1 b p]man5t1 et]nal1 & complete2 because ,god is inf9ite actuality1 or actuality itself4 ,=get = "o s+le mom5t to apply ?is law to ! g5esis ( ,god's life1 & y fall at once into pan!ism4 ,= suppose ! act1 by :i* ! div9e p]sons are orig9at$1 to be transi5t1 successive1 tempor>y1 incomplete1 & x w\ld foll[ at once t ,god is 9 cont9ual developm5t & explication4 ,= ,he is ei!r complete & p]fect1 or on ! road to p]fection4 ,he is 9 fi]i1 or becom+4 ,& s9ce1 z we h (t5 rem>k$1 e developm5t consi/s ( diff]5t /ages ( explication1 ! la/ ( :i* is always m p]fect ?an ^? :i* prec$e x1 x w\ld foll[ t ! g5esis ( ,god's life consi/s ( a successive s]ies ( evolutions1 ! la/ ( :i* is always m p]fect ?an t :i* prec$es x4 ,n[1 assum+ ! g5esis ( ,god's life at "o det]m9ate /age1 & travell+ backw>d to arrive at ! fir/ /age ( explication f :i* ,he />t$1 we %\ld pass f a m p]fect1 def9$1 concrete /age ( developm5t1 to "o less p]fect1 less def9$1 less det]m9ate1 & !nce to "o /ill less s1 until we %\ld arrive at ! mo/ indet]m9ate1 undef9$1 ab/ract /age ( evolution2 at ! lea/ be+--! be+ n be+1 ! fir/ pr9ciple ( pan!ism4 ,b1 keep+ 9 view ! law ( imman5ce1 e "o c see t ,god's action is suppos$ at once all p]fect1 complete1 & adequate--9 "o ^w1 et]nal2 & consequ5tly e idea ( developm5t1 progress1 & succession is elim9at$2 & ! consequ5ce is1 t ! inf9ite is at once conceiv$ z be+ inf9ite actuality2 ! fir/ pr9ciple ( ,ca?olic !ology--! precise contradictory ( pan!ism4 ,h5ce1 accord+ to ?is law1 ! fir/ p]son is always orig9at+1 & 8 orig9ation is always p]fect2 ! o!rs are always orig9at$1 & _! exi/5ce is always p]fect1 adequate1 & complete4 ,we say always & are orig9at$1 n because ! expressions convey ! idea ( et]nal actuality & complet5ess1 b because1 our m9d be+ measur$ by "t1 we c f9d no bett] words to exhibit ! idea4 ,let ?is rem>k be made once = all4 #hah ,a coroll>y ( ?is law is1 t :atev] p]sons are orig9at$ 9 ! inf9ite1 be+ )9 ! ess5ce ( ,god & t]m9at+ 9 ,him1 !y are--! inf9ite1 because no?+ c be add$ to ! inf9ite4 ,f\r? law3 ,9 ! inf9ite !re are no m ?an two processions4 ,by processions we mean ! orig9ation ( "o p]son f ano!r4 ,n[1 t 9 ,god !re are no m ?an two processions w appe> evid5t1 if we consid] ! prop] op]ation ( ,god4 ,god is a spiritual nature2 ! prop] op]ation ( a spiritual nature is by intellig5ce & by w2 !re=e1 ! op]ation ( ,god is by intellig5ce & by w1 & consequ5tly "o orig9ation is by ! intellig5ce1 ! o!r by ! w4 ,s f> we h giv5 ^? laws :i* gov]n1 9 g5]al1 ! g5esis ( ,god's life4 ,we mu/ n[ proce$ to ^? laws :i* gov]n ! p>ticul> orig9ation ( ea* ( ! two div9e p]sons4 ,n[1 ! law gov]n+ ! orig9ation ( ! second p]son is ! law ( intellectual g5]ation4 ,g5]ation implies ! foll[+ elem5ts3 #a/1 ! production ( a liv+ be+ f a liv+ pr9ciple2 #b;d1 id5tity ( nature betwe5 ! two2 #c;d1 ?is id5tity requir$ by ! v natural1 ess5tial1 & direct t5d5cy ( ! action by :i* ! t]m is produc$4 ,x is accord+ to ^! elem5ts ( g5]ative law t ! second p]son 9 ! inf9ite is produc$2 & consequ5tly he is really & truly ! ,son ( ,god1 z ! produc] is ,fa!r4 ,= ! fir/ p]son1 :om we h said to be subsi/+ by himself1 be+ intellig5t activity1 necess>ily intellig5ces himself4 ,he is ! ,god-head intellig5c+ himself4 ,n[1 an object und]/ood1 inasmu* z x is und]/ood1 exi/s 9 ! und]/&+ 9 an intelligible /ate2 = to und]/& means j to appreh5d1 to grasp intelligibly t :i* is und]/ood4 ,! ,godhead1 !re=e1 is 9 himself z ! ,godhead und]/ood is 9 ! ,godhead und]/&+4 ,n[1 ! object und]/ood exi/+ 9 ! intellig5ce1 is :at is call$ m5tal ^w1 intellectual conception1 & by ! ,greeks1 logos4 ,h5ce 9 ! ,godhead exi/s ! ,godhead z m5tal ^w or logos4 ,/4 ,john1 ) a sublime expression1 :i* electrifi$ all ! ,platonic philosoph]s1 began 8 ,gospel ?us3 ,9 ! beg9n+ 7! ,fa!r7 0 ! ,^w4 ,?is ,^w ( ! ,godhead be+ conceiv$ by an imman5t act1 an act :i* has nei!r beg9n+ nor end1 :i* is n p[] be=e x is act1 is conceiv$ !re=e et]nally1 & consequ5tly is coet]nal ) ! conceiv]4 ,x is ,god or ! inf9ite2 because ! fir/ p]son1 or intellig5t activity1 begets him by an op]ation :i* t]m9ates inside himself1 by ! law ( imman5ce2 consequ5tly ! ,^w is id5tical ) 8 ess5ce1 & is1 !re=e1 ! inf9ite4 ,yet is he a di/9ct p]son f ! fir/ z ,^w4 ,= al?\gh ! intellig5t activity & ! ,^w are bo? ,god1 yet are !y di/9ct f ea* o!r by ! law ( opposition ( orig91 :i* implies t a t]m proce$+ f a pr9ciple is necess>ily oppos$ to x1 & consequ5tly di/9ct f x4 ,?us ! intellig5t activity1 z pr9ciple1 is necess>ily oppos$ to ! ,^w z t]m2 &1 vice v]sa1 ! ,^w z t]m is necess>ily oppos$ to ! intellig5t activity z pr9ciple4 #hai ,9 o!r words1 ! intellig5t activity c\ld n be :at x is1 unless x 7 ! opposite ( ! ,^w1 & ?is c\ld n be ! ,^w unless x 7 ! v opposite ( intellig5t activity4 ,h5ce1 to be intellig5t1 activity belongs s exclusively to ! ,fir/1 z to exclude any o!r f p>tak+ 9 t di/9ctive con/itu5t2 & to be ,^w is claim$ s exclusively by ! ,second1 z to be attribut$ to no o!r4 ,! result is a duality ( t]m9ations1 possess$ ( ! same inf9ite nature & its ess5tial attributes1 ea* hav+ a con/itu5t s exclusively its own z to be altoge!r incommunicable4 ,n[1 two t]m9ations1 possess$ ( ! same inf9ite nature & its ess5tial attributes1 ) a con/itu5t s exclusively _! own z to be attribut$ to no o!r1 convey ! idea ( two p]sons4 ,= :at is a p]son8 ,a spiritual be+ ) a t]m9ation ( 8 own1 :i* makes him di/9ct f any o!r1 gives him ! own]%ip ( himself & r5d]s him solid>y ( 8 action4 ,n[1 ! intellig5t activity is a spiritual be+1 s9ce he is ! ,godhead2 is possess$ ( a con/itu5t ( 8 own1 intellig5t activity2 has ! own]%ip ( himself2 =1 z intellig5t activity1 he is himself & no o!r1 & _c communicate himself2 & is solid>y ( 8 notional action1 t is1 ! action :i* con/itutes him :at he is3 he is1 !re=e1 a p]son4 ,likewise ! ,^w is a spiritual nature2 = he is ! same ,godhead z to sub/ance2 z a relation or ,^w1 he is ! own] ( himself1 incommunicable1 & solid>y ( 8 notional action2 h5ce1 he is also a p]son4 ,9 o!r words1 ! ,godhead is an inf9ite _s2 all t con/itutes him1 bo? sub/ance & t]ms ( relation1 is _s4 ,consequ5tly1 ea* t]m ( ! div9e relation1 z su* t]m1 has an individuality ( 8 own &1 z inf9ite _s1 has k & intellig5ce ( himself2 he beholds himself di/9ct f ! o!r z t]m ( relation1 "o ) ! o!r z sub/ance4 ,8 di/9ction causes 8 relative individuality2 consci\sness & intellig5ce ( ?is relative individuality make him a p]son4 ,"h an objection might be rais$2 to be a p]son implies1 necess>ily1 to be intellig5t1 :i* is an ess5tial attribute ( spiritual be+4 ,!re=e ! ,^w also mu/ be intellig5t1 o!rwise he w\ld h nei!r k nor consci\sness ( 8 individuality4 ,b y h attribut$ intellig5ce to ! fir/ p]son z be+ 8 p>ticul> t]m9ation2 !re=e h[ c ! ,^w be a p]son1 if intellig5ce be ! p>ticul> t]m9ation ( ! fir/8 ,ei!r ! ,^w is n intellig5t1 & !n he _c be a p]son1 or intellig5ce is n ! p>ticul> t]m9ation ( ! fir/1 & 9 t case !y _c be p]sons1 = !y _c be di/9ct4 ,! difficulty w vani% if x be obs]v$ t we h n attribut$ intellig5ce to ! fir/ p]son z 8 p>ticul> t]m9ation1 b intellig5t activity4 ,a slight att5tion to ! mann] accord+ to :i* ! ,^w is produc$ 9 ! inf9ite1 w illu/rate ?is di/9ction4 ,! intellig5ce ( ! ,godhead is inf9ite 9 its activity & actuality1 z well z inf9ite 9 its t]m2 :i* means t ! ,godhead und]/&s itself inf9itely1 & an inf9ite t]m is ! product ( ?is intellection4 ,h5ce1 once ,god has und]/ood himself & conceiv$ ! expression ( 8 intellig5ce1 ! activity is complete & fully t]m9at$2 consequ5tly1 ! ,^w1 ! t]m ( ?is intellig5c+1 has ! ,godhead ) all its ess5tial attributes communicat$ to him2 except ! activity ( intellig5c+1 because ! activity is complete 9 ! production ( ! ,^w4 #hbj ,9 o!r words1 ! act ( ! fir/ p]son is et]nal1 complete1 & p]fect1 by ! laws ( imman5ce4 ,its activity is fully & p]fectly ex]cis$ 9 eng5d]+ ! ,^w1 h5ce x _c be communicat$4 ,if x 7 communicat$1 x w\ld argue imp]fection & incomplet5ess 9 ! act & 9 its t]m4 ,9 ! act1 = if any portion ( activity rema9$ to be communicat$1 ! ,godhead w\ld n intellig5ce himself to ! fulle/ ext5t ( 8 inf9ity2 9 ! t]m1 because ! ,godhead n intellig5c+ himself to ! full ext5t ( 8 inf9ity1 ! intellectual utt]ance :i* w\ld be produc$ w\ld n fully & p]fectly express ! object4 ,consequ5tly bo? w\ld be imp]fect1 incomplete1 & pot5tial4 ,?is happ5s 9 human conception4 ,our m9d1 be+ f9ite1 t is1 p>tial & imp]fect1 is =c$ to ex]t itself p>tially & conceive v>i\s m5tal words1 :i* w\ld n be ! case if its activity 7 p]fect & complete1 z x is 9 ! inf9ite4 ,?is answ]s ano!r objection :i* is br\ght =w>d by ^? :o lose sight ( ! law ( imman5ce 9 ! div9e op]ation4 ,x is said1 ,if ! ,^w be intellig5t1 !re is no?+ to prev5t 8 eng5d]+ ano!r ,^w1 & ?is second1 a ?ird1 & s on ad inf9itum4 ,! ,^w is intellig5t1 b n intellig5t activity4 ,:5 intellig5ce1 s to speak1 is communicat$ to him1 x has be5 ex]cis$ 9 ! eng5d]+ ( himself2 or bett]1 ! et]nal imman5t act ( ! intellig5t activity communicat+ intellig5ce to ! ,^w1 is cont9ually be+ ex]cis$ 9 ! imman5t eng5d]+ ( ! ,^w2 !re=e x _c be communicat$ to him4 ,footnote #bij ,footnote #bij3 ,9 ,filio non habet intellectus illam veluti virtutem quia iam habuit actum sibi adequatum4--,su>ez1 ,de ,tr941 lib4 #a4 cap4 #g4 v4 #aa4 ,h5ce t magnific5t expression ( ! ,scripture1 ,semel loquitur ,deus4 ,god speaks b once4 ,b because ! activity ( eng5d]+ ano!r ,^w is n communicat$ to him1 x does n foll[ t he is n end[$ ) ! act ( intellig5c+ ! ,fa!r or himself2 ! ,fa!r z 8 pr9ciple1 himself z ! product ( ! ,fa!r4 ,= x is "o ?+ to be intellig5t1 ano!r ?+ to be intellig5t pr9ciple4 ,to give "s examples ( ?is di/9ction4 ,! ar*itect ( a build+ :o has plann$ x1 is ! intellig5t pr9ciple ( ! build+2 ano!r1 :o und]/&s ! plan ( ! build+1 is ! intellig5t behold] ( ! build+4 ,god is ! intellig5t cause ( ! _w1 man is ! intellig5t p]ceiv] ( ! _w4 ,!re be+1 !re=e1 a di/9ction betwe5 intellig5ce z pr9ciple or cause1 & intellig5ce z p]ception1 "o may easily conceive h[ ! ,^w 9 ! inf9ite may be possess$ ( intellig5ce1 )\t be+ ! pr9ciple ( intellig5ce4 ,! ,^w1 :o is "o ,godhead ) ! fir/ p]son1 a di/9ct p]son himself1 is also ! sub/antial image ( ! fir/ p]son4 ,because1 9 =ce ( ! act by :i* he is utt]$1 :i* is ess5tially assimilative1 he is produc$ z ! lik5ess ( him ^: expression & utt]ance he is2 & z he is "o z to sub/ance ) ! conceiv]1 he is1 consequ5tly1 8 sub/antial image & lik5ess4 ,we conclude1 !re=e1 t ! production ( ! second p]son 9 ! inf9ite--result+ 9 a p]son1 ! sub/antial image ( ! conceiv]1 9 =ce ( ! act ( intellig5c+ by :i* he is produc$1 :i* is ess5tially assimilative--is gov]n$ by ! law ( g5]ation2 & t1 consequ5tly1 ! fir/ p]son 9 ! inf9ite is ,fa!r1 & ! second1 ,son4 ,?\ art my ,son1 to-day ,i h begott5 !e4 ,footnote #bia ,footnote #bia3 ,ps4 ii4 #g4 #hba ,! law by :i* ! ?ird p]son 9 ! inf9ite is produc$1 is diff]5t f t :i* gov]ns ! production ( ! second4 ,! latt] takes place accord+ to ! law ( g5]ation or assimilation2 ! =m] is subject to ! law ( aspiration1 :i* mu/ be und]/ood z foll[s4 ,by 8 ,^w1 ! intellig5t activity appreh5ds & conceives 8 inf9ite p]fection & goodness4 ,= ! ,^w1 z we h se51 is no?+ b ! inf9ite & mo/ p]fect expression or image ( ! intellig5t activity1 & z ! intellig5t activity is inf9ite p]fection & excell5ce1 s ! ,^w is ! utt]ance1 ! intellectual reproduction ( t excell5ce & goodness4 ,h5ce ! intellig5t activity1 by 8 ,^w1 conceives & utt]s himself z inf9ite p]ception & excell5ce4 ,b p]fection or goodness appreh5d$ is necess>ily lov$4 ,= goodness1 once appreh5d$1 awak5s ! w1 & necess>ily incl9es x t[>d itself2 x necess>ily attracts & affects x4 ,! intellig5t activity1 !re=e by appreh5d+ himself ?r\gh 8 ,^w z inf9ite p]fection & goodness1 necess>ily loves himself4 ,love implies ! insid5ce or indwell+ ( ! object lov$ 9 ! subject lov+4 ,! intellig5t activity1 !re=e1 :o necess>ily loves himself ?r\gh 8 ,^w1 mu/ be z object lov$ 9 himself z subject lov+4 ,?is love z object mu/ be co-et]nal ) ! inf9ite1 because by ! law ( imman5ce :i* gov]ns ! g5esis ( inf9ite life1 e orig9ation 9 ! inf9ite mu/ be co-et]nal ) ! inf9ite4 ,by ! same law also1 x mu/ be id5tical & "o ) ! inf9ite2 because love1 be+ orig9at$ by an imman5t act1 t]m9ates inside ( ! inf9ite1 & is1 !re=e1 id5tical ) ! inf9ite4 ,! love z object1 !re=e1 is coet]nal & id5tical ) ! inf9ite2 x is ! inf9ite4 ,x is di/9ct f love z subject & f ! ,^w1 by ! law ( opposition ( orig91 :i* implies t a t]m :i* orig9ates f a pr9ciple is necess>ily oppos$ to x1 & consequ5tly di/9ct4 ,n[1 love1 z object 9 ! inf9ite1 orig9ates f ! intellig5t activity & f ! ,^w4 ,! intellig5t activity1 by appreh5d+ himself1 z inf9ite goodness & excell5ce1 ?r\gh 8 ,^w1 loves himself4 ,h5ce1 ?is love proce$s f bo?--! intellig5t activity1 :o conceives 8 inf9ite goodness--! ,^w1 :o repres5ts x1 & makes x intelligible4 ,?is love-object is a ?ird p]son4 ,=1 f :at we h said1 x appe>s t love-object is id5tical ) ! inf9ite1 ) ! div9e ess5ce1 & consequ5tly p>takes ( all ! inf9ite attributes ( ! ess5ce2 h5ce he is a spiritual & intellig5t be+2 z di/9ct f bo? ! intellig5t activity & ! ,^w1 he is possess$ ( a t]m9ation exclusively 8 own1 :i* makes him ! own] ( himself incommunicable & solid>y ( 8 notional action4 ,h5ce he is a p]son4 #hbb ,?is ?ird p]son1 n be+ orig9at$ accord+ to a lik5ess ( nature1 _c1 l ! second p]son1 be call$ son4 ,he is ! p]sonal & subsi/+ love ( ! ,fa!r & ( ! ,son2 & z ! object lov$ exi/s 9 ! subject lov+1 z incl9+1 & 9 a c]ta9 mann] z impell+1 ! subject t[>d x1 z rais+ 9 ! subject an attraction or aspiration t[>d x1 h5ce ! ?ird p]son is call$ ! liv+ & subsi/+ ,_s ( ,god4 ,! bett] to conceive ?is di/9ctive t]m9ation ( ! ?ird t]m 9 ! inf9ite1 let u suppose an attraction betwe5 two p]sons4 ,x is ne$less to rem>k t we use ?is t]m = want ( a bett] & m spiritual "o4 ,suppose1 !re=e1 an attraction betwe5 two p]sons2 d n make x an accid5t or modification1 b sub/antial2 c>ry x to its utmo/ p]fection1 actualize x ad inf9itum2 s t x may be able to return ^u itself1 to h consci\sness ( itself1 to possess & own itself1 & 9 ?is s5se to feel itself di/9ct f & indep5d5t ( all o!rs--& y w h1 z product1 a subsi/+ or p]sonal attraction1 a ?ird p]son4 ,su* is ! idea we c =m ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,! ,fa!r beholds himself totally 9 ! ,son z an (fspr+ ( himself1 & loves himself 9 8 (fspr+1 8 p]fect & sub/antial expression4 ,! ,son beholds himself totally 9 ! ,fa!r z 8 au?or1 & loves ! ,fa!r z 8 pr9ciple & orig94 ,?is common love1 ?is mutual attraction1 ?is aspiration ( ! ,fa!r t[>d ! ,son1 & ( ! ,son t[>d1 ! ,fa!r1 be+ inf9ite1 is mo/ actual1 p]fect1 & complete--a liv+1 subsi/+ attraction1 ) consci\sness & ! own]%ip ( himself1 a subsi/5ce p]sonify+ _! mutual love & b9d+ bo? 9 "o et]nal tie ( affection4 ,h5ce1 by ?is di/9ctive con/itu5t ( common love1 ! ,_s is ! ar*etype ( h>mony & ord]2 s9ce 9 8 p]sonality he br+s ! opposition exi/+ betwe5 ! conceiv] & ! conceiv$ into h>mony & unity ( love4 ,he is also ! ar*etype ( ! beautiful1 be+ ! v beauty & lovel9ess ( ,god4 ,beauty1 9 its highe/ metaphysical expression1 is v>iety r$uc$ to unity1 by ord] & proportion4 ,n[1 ! ,_s h>monizes ! reality & ! intelligibility ( ,god into a unity ( love4 ,h5ce he is ! beauty ( ! ,fa!r & ! ,son--_! p]sonal & et]nal lovel9ess2 & z su*1 ! ar*etype ( ! beautiful 9 all ord]s4 ,he is ! v bliss ( ! inf9ite1 because bliss is ! p]fect possession ( inf9ite life4 ,n[1 x is 9 ! production ( ! ,_s t ! g5esis ( inf9ite life t]m9ates & is complete4 ,he is1 !n1 ! expression ( ! p]fect possession & enjoym5t ( ! inf9ite life--! liv+ ,bless$ness ( ! inf9ite4 ,! la/ law :i* gov]ns ! my/]y ( ,god's life1 & :i* is a consequ5ce ( all ! laws we h expla9$1 is ! law ( insid5ce4 ,?is implies ! indwell+ ( all ! div9e p]sons 9 ea* o!r4 ,x is f\nd$ bo? on ! community ( ess5ce & ! v nature ( p]sonalities4 ,= ! ess5ce ( ! ?ree div9e p]sons1 be+ "o & mo/ simple1 x foll[s t !y all meet 9 x1 & consequ5tly dwell 9 ea* o!r4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :at con/itutes !m p]sons is ess5tially a relation4 ,n[1 a relation necess>ily asks = & includes ! relative t]m4 ,! intellig5t activity is su*1 because 9 him dwells ! ,^w1 8 inf9ite expression4 ,! ,^w is su*1 because he is ! expression ( ! intellig5t activity1 & dwells 9 him4 ,! ,_s necess>ily dwells 9 bo?1 because he is ! subsi/+ aspiration ( ! activity t[>d its conception1 & ( ! conception t[>d its pr9ciple4 #hbc ,believe t ! ,fa!r is 9 me1 & ,i 9 ! ,fa!r4 7,/4 ,john47 ,) ^! laws1 we conclude ! fir/ "p ( ! problem ( multiplicity rais$ by pan!ism4 ,x is true1 z pan!ism affirms1 t !re mu/ be a c]ta9 multiplicity 9 ! unity ( inf9ite ess5ce4 ,=1 )\t a c]ta9 multiplicity1 no be+ c exi/ or be intelligible4 ,pan!ism1 9 giv+ su* prom95t importance to ! problem1 has r5d]$ great s]vice to philosophy & to religion1 & has cut (f1 9 ! v bud1 all ^? objections rais$ by ! sup]ficial reason ( ,arians or anti-tr9it>ians ( old1 or ,unit>ians ( mod]n times4 ,b1 z we h se51 h[ev] able 9 rais+ ! problem1 ,pan!ism utt]ly fails 9 resolv+ x2 &1 9 its ef=t to expla9 ! problem1 de/roys bo? ! t]ms to be reconcil$4 ,ca?olicity1 fully consci\s ( ! imm5se value ( ! problem1 unfl9*+ly ass]ts t x alone has ! secret ( its solution4 ,)\t at all assum+ to expla9 away its sup]-intelligibility1 x lays d[n su* an answ] z fully satisfies ! m9d :i* c appreciate ! importance & ! sublimity ( ! problem1 & foll[ x into ! dep?s ( its explanation4 ,! inf9ite1 says ,ca?olicity1 is n inf9ite z an ab/raction or pot5tiality1 a g]m z ,pan!ism affirms1 :i* ceases to be inf9ite :5 x passes into multiplicity2 ! inf9ite is actuality itself4 ,?is actuality consi/s 9 a fir/ p]sonality unborn & unbegott51 ) full consci\sness ( himself & 8 inf9ite p]fection4 ,?is p]sonality is active intellig5ce1 & 9 intellig5c+ 8 inf9ite p]fection1 begets a conception1 an intelligible expression ( t p]fection1 a second p]son4 ,! active intellig5ce loves 8 inf9ite p]sonality conceiv$ by him 9 8 intellig5ce4 ,?is love is a ?ird p]sonality4 ,?ree p]sonalities or t]m9ations ( "o inf9ite actuality3 a multiplicity 9 unity2 unity )\t be+ brok5 by multiplicity2 multiplicity )\t be+ de/roy$ by unity4 ,h5ce ! inf9ite is n a dead1 immovable1 un9telligible unity1 b a liv+1 actual1 intelligible unity2 because x is unity ( nature & a tr9ity ( p]sons2 because ! unity falls 9 ! ess5ce1 ! multiplicity1 9 ! t]m9ations ( ! ess5ce4 ---------- #hbd ,a ,leg5d = ,husb&s4--#afii4 ,:i* ,wives1 ,too1 ,may ,read--possibly ,n ,)\t ,pr(it4 ,my /ory is ( p t h long s9ce pass$ away1 s t no "o ne$ take x z p]sonal4 ,am]ican travell]s sometimes diff]--?\gh = my "p1 ,i d n see :y !y %\ld--z to ! relative attractions ( ,p>is & ,london4 ,b !y seldom fail to concur 9 _! e/imate ( ,brussels z "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ & agreeable cities 9 ,europe4 ,& really ! ,flemi% metropolis pres5ts a rem>kable v>iety ( attractions4 ,p>ks1 b\lev>ds1 botanic g>d5s1 museums1 qua9t old /reets1 qua9t] old h\ses1 libr>ies1 great pictures1 treasures ( ,rub5s1 weal? ( old ,,mss41 & la/1 n lea/1 gr& specim5s ( middle-age ar*itecture1 su* z ! ,hotel de ,ville & ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,gudule4 ,inde$1 9 m$iaeval monum5ts no c\ntry 9 ,europe is ri*] ?an ,belgium4 ,9 pres5ce ( h] gr& old ca!drals y c well und]/& ! en?usiasm ( ^? arti/s :o ma9ta9 t our age takes entirely too mu* cr$it to itself = its enc\ragem5t ( ! f9e arts4 ,nei!r ! pa/ nor ! pres5t c5tury1 !y ma9ta91 w leave to po/]ity monum5ts ( su* gr&eur1 boldness1 beauty1 & orig9ality z h be5 bequea!d to u by ! p]iod t imm$iately foll[$ ! crusades2 & /rangely en\gh1 ^! beque/s ( ! d>k ages c be> any te/ ( critical scrut9y1 ev5 9 ! full blaze ( our n9ete5? c5tury enlight5m5t4 ,w our ar*itectural legacies appe> z well 9 ! eyes ( future g5]ations8 ,:y1 look ar\nd y1 said to me a ,flemi% arti/2 9 ^? days ! erection ( a co/ly edifice 0 n h&$ ov] to m]e me*anics4 ,! body ( x 0 intru/$ to ar*itects4 ,sculptors creat$ its woodwork4 ,c>v]s execut$ :at is n[ turn$ out by ma*9]y2 pa9t]s gave y pictures :]e y n[ get pla/]1 & ! ,b5v5uto ,cell9is ( ! day work$ _! miracles ( art 9 metals :i* today ! blacksmi? hamm]s out at 8 =ge4 ,ah6 t 0 ! gold5 age ( arti/s1 :5 ! pulpits1 ! alt>s1 ! /alls1 & ! organ-l(ts 7 monum5ts2 :5 furniture1 doors1 *airs1 & tables 7 poems 9 wood2 :5 ! family goblets1 ! m]e h&le ( a poign>d or a sword 7 *as$ & embelli%$2 :5 exquisite m9iatures1 illum9at$ missals1 & wood engrav+s made a picture-gall]y ( ! drye/ *ronicle2 :5 fresco & encau/ic decorat$ ! walls & floors2 :5 ceil+s & beams %one ) arabesques1 w9d[s 7 bright ) /a9$ glass2 :51 9 %ort1 all ! arts br\ght _! tribute ( beauty to a *ur* or to a palace4 ,x 0 9 ! fad+ twilight ( ^! arti/ic glories t sculpture 9 wood /ill fl\ri%$ among ! arti/s ( anci5t ,fl&]s4 ,some:at ?us disc\rs$ to me an en?usia/ic "y ,belgian pa9t]1 z we /ood toge!r admir+ t gr& "w ( art1 ! c>v$ oak pulpit 9 ! ca!dral ( ,/4 ,gudule1 at ,brussels4 #hbe ,?is pulpit is a "w to :i* ! t]m unique may be appli$ ) scrupul\s fidelity4 ,! admiration drawn f y by sculptures 9 wood else:]e culm9ates 9 pres5ce ( ?is s+ul> creation ( g5ius4 ,no description c adequately place x be=e y or r5d] x ju/ice4 ,9 its exquisite ar*itecture & sculpture1 a poem z gr& z t ( ,milton is spread out be=e y4 ,an outl9e1 only1 ! m]e/ outl9e1 c be attempt$ to supply description4 ,adam & ,eve app>5tly su/a9 ! t]re/rial globe4 ,an angel *ases !m f ,p>adise1 & ,dea? pursues !m4 ,! life-size figure ( ,adam1 9 p>ticul>1 is admirable4 ,c>v$ 9 m>ble1 x w\ld h be5 some?+ = ,canova to h be5 pr\d (4 ,! prea*] /&s 9 ! concavity ( ! globe1 :i* is ov]%ad[$ by ! bran*es ( ! tree ( good & evil1 cov]$ ) birds & animals *>act]i/ically gr\p$4 ,by ! side ( ,adam is an eagle2 on t ( ,eve1 a peacock & a squirrel4 ,to ! top ( ! tree is atta*$ a canopy upheld by two angels & a female figure symbolical ( tru?4 ,above /&s ! ,bless$ ,virg9 ) ! infant ,savi\r1 :o1 ) a cross 9 8 h&1 cru%es ! head ( ! ,s]p5t1 ^: hide\s body1 9 huge folds1 tw9es ar\nd ! tree4 ,?is pulpit 0 made1 said1 or r sang1 to me1 ! old gray-hair$ sexton or b$eau1 to ! tune 9 :i* he _h %[n ! lions ( ! ca!dral = m ?an ?irty ye>s--,?is pulpit 0 made by ,v]brugg51 ( ,antw]p1 9 #afii1 = ! ,jesuits ( ,l\va94 ,^u ! suppression ( _! ord]1 x 0 pres5t$ to ?is ca!dral by ! empress ,m>ia ,!resa4 ,?is pulpit-- ,"h ,i int]rupt$ him ) que/ions z to ,v]brugg5--:at 0 kn[n ( him8 ,_h he left any o!r works8 & s on1 to ! end ( ! *apt]4 ,all 9 va92 ,i c\ld obta9 no?+ b a negative %ake ( ! head1 & a h9t t x 0 "t to close ! ca!dral doors4 ,my /ay 9 ,brussels 0 prolong$ _m weeks2 & besides my att5dance on ,sundays1 ,i frequ5tly1 9 my rambles betwe5 ! gr& p>k & :at ,mrs4 ,major ,o',d[d calls ! ,m>*y ,o'flures1 /ray$ into ,/4 ,gudule to admire ! f9e/ specim5s ( /a9$ glass 9 ! _w2 to read ! inscriptions on ! tombs ( ! ,dukes ( ,brabant1 & to fea/ my eyes & imag9ation on ! gr& old pulpit4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ^! visits ,i became bett] acqua9t$ ) ! b$eau 9 *>ge1 & aft] "s p]suasion & a few well-tim$ att5tions1 ! old man at la/ ackn[l$g$ to me t !re 0 some?+ m ?an m]e names & dates connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( ! pulpit4 ,f9ally1 ^u my solemn assurance t ,i 0 n an ,engli%man1 & w\ld n write a book & put him & ! pulpit !re91 he promis$ to tell me all he knew ab\t x4 ,accord+ly1 by arrangem5t ) him1 ,i loit]$ 9 ! ca!dral "o ev5+ aft] vesp]s until ! fai?ful _h f9i%$ _! devotions & left ! *ur*4 ,tak+ a c\ple ( ru%-bottom *airs f "o ( ! huge pyramids ( !m pil$ up at ! l[] end ( ! build+1 we seat$ ourselves j outside ! gr& portal1 & ! old man began 8 recital4 ,ye>s h s9ce gone by1 & ,i _c repeat x 9 8 qua9t mann]2 b1 sub/antially1 he ?us told me ! #hbf ,/ory ,( ,! ,c>v$ ,oak ,pulpit4 ,h5ry ,v]brugg5 0 he>t & s\l an arti/4 ,gay1 c>eless1 pleasure-lov+1 he appe>$ to live b = two ?+s2 8 art1 fir/1 & !n 8 amusem5ts4 ,v]brugg5 m>ri$ ,m>?a ,van ,me]51 ! pretty1 ! timid1 ! good ,m>?a ,van ,me]54 ,9 ! mirage ( 8 arti/'s en?usiasm h] sweetness1 h] grace1 h] beauty1 made h] at fir/ appe> to him a sylph1 a muse1 an angel4 ,alas6 ?\gh g5tle & attractive1 ,m>?a 01 aft] all1 only a woman1 ( ! e>?1 e>?y4 ,9 a quiet1 well-ord]$ h\sehold ,m>?a w\ld h be5 a treasure2 b 9 ! ecc5tric home ( ! arti/ %e 0 out ( h] elem5t4 ,a patt]n ( neatness & economy1 an accompli%$ ,flemi% h\se-wife1 a neat domicil & well-spread table possess$ = ,m>?a m attraction ?an ! imag9>y _w ( beauty 9 :i* h] arti/ husb& revell$1 ev5 :5 pov]ty ?reat5$ or want oppress$ !m4 ,poor ,m>?a6 ,9 va9 %e remon/rat$2 9 va9 %e implor$4 ,h5ry w\ld neglect 8 "w2 he w\ld be idle & sp5d 8 days at ! cab>et1 9 ! society ( ^? :o 7 ev5 m idle & m dissipat$ ?an himself4 ,?us ye>s w5t on4 ,m>?a 0 n happy4 ,a t+e ( moros5ess %ad$ ! cle> sun%9e ( h] usual mildness4 ,occasionally1 too1 %e came out ( h] quiet sadness & f\nd %>p words ( repro( = ,h5ry1 & ang] = ! companions :o kept him f home4 ,& s x came ab\t t soon1 9 ,v]brugg5's eyes1 ,m>?a appe>$ h>% & repulsive4 ,!n swiftly foll[$ dispute & recrim9ation4 ,8 e>ly en*antm5t _h disappe>$2 ,m>?a 0 n ! wife = him1 ?\ght ,v]brugg54 ,he %\ld h _h "o z c>eless1 z en?usia/ic z himself4 ,w\ld su* a wife h suit$ him1 ?9k y--y :o "k ! human he>t8 ,meantime ?+s w5t f bad to worse4 ,v]brugg5 sc>cely came home1 totally neglect$ 8 art1 fell into utt] idl5ess & ! sl\gh ( despond1 & 8 family 0 soon r$uc$ to want--almo/ to begg>y4 ,9 ?is crisis--x 0 9 ! ye> #afii--;a ,jesuit fa!r :o _h he>d ( ,v]brugg5's tal5t1 call$ ^u him1 suppli$ him ) means1 & ord]$ a pulpit1 ! mo/ beautiful 8 art c\ld produce1 = ! *ur* at ,l\va94 ,surprise1 gratitude1 joy1 en?usiasm1 all contribut$ to ar\se ! dormant en]gies ( ! arti/4 ,he set himself en]getically at ! composition ( a design = 8 "w4 ,i w make1 said he1 ( ?is pulpit my greate/ production4 ,x %all be1 he exclaim$1 gr[+ radiant ) arti/ic inspiration1 some?+ t %all display at a glance ! hi/ory ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,i w place1 ?us he mus$1 "u ! t]re/rial globe1 ,adam & ,eve ! mom5t aft] ! fatal act ( disob$i5ce4 ,?is globe %all be ! pulpit4 ,ar\nd x %all wat* ! f\r ,evangeli/s4 ,ov] x %all hang ! canopy ( heav51 support$ on ! "r by angels1 on ! left by ,tru? h]self4 ,! date-tree %all l5d its %ade4 ,! long scaly w+s ( ! s]p5t %all encircle x1 rea*+ f man on e>? to ! ,bless$ ,virg9 9 heav54 ,by ! side ( man ,i w place ! *]ubim arm$ ) 8 flam+ sword1 & ne> ,eve1 "y & beautiful1 a hide\s figure ( ,dea?4 ,high] up %all be ! div9e infant1 ) "o foot on ! head ( ! s]p5t2 he %all /& by ! side ( 8 augu/ "m1 respl5d5t 9 h] cr[n ( />s1 surr\nd$ by angels1 *]ubs1 & s]aphs4 #hbg ,yes1 all ?is & m w ,i d4 ,! v wood %all gr[ into life "u my h&s1 & ages yet unborn %all he> ( ,h5ry ,v]brugg5 ( ,antw]p4 ,! arti/ w5t at 8 "w ) all ! en?usiasm ( g5ius1 & _h complet$ ! body ( ! pulpit )\t plac+ ! ,evangeli/s accord+ to 8 orig9al design1 :51 9 a mom5t ( malici\s spite1 he imag9$ he w\ld puni% ,m>?a by display+ ne> ,eve v>i\s satirical emblems ( h] sex's qualities4 ,on ! bran*es1 !n1 t entw9e ! /aircase lead+ up on ! side ( ,eve1 he plac$ a peacock1 symbol ( pride2 a squirrel1 symbol ( de/ruction2 a cock1 symbol ( noise2 & an ape1 image ( malice2 ( all :i* defects1 poor ,m>?a1 z ! angels well knew1 0 z innoc5t z an infant4 ,( ! /atue ( ,adam1 ,v]brugg5 made a *ef d'oeuvre--a figure full ( dignity & manly beauty4 ,! figure ( ,eve is inf]ior1 & has less grace & animation4 ,& n[ to complete 8 sculptur$ m>ital spite1 on ,adam's side he c>v$ an eagle1 symbol ( g5ius4 ,?us f> _h he progress$ :5 poor ,m>?a sick5$ & di$4 ,9 8 mo!rless h\sehold ,v]brugg5 soon discov]$ ! ext5t ( 8 mis=tune1 & le>n$1 z ,%akespe>e has s well told ! _w1 t ,:at we h we prize n to ! wor?2 ,b be+ lack$ & lo/1 ,we !n d "k its value4 ,& n[ came ! reaction4 ,v]brugg5 deeply m\rn$ ,m>?a4 ,he s9c]ely deplor$ h]4 ,h] admirable qualities came fre% ^u 8 memory1 & he bitt]ly reproa*$ himself = 8 unk9dness & neglect4 ,soon he fell into fits ( despond5cy4 ,disc\ragem5t took possession ( him1 & 8 pulpit1 begun ) s mu* en]gy1 /ood unf9i%$4 ,accu/om$ to f9d 8 home 9 ord]1 8 table spread1 he soon discov]$ _! loss1 z well z ! want ( a ?\s& little att5tions & k9dnesses :i* none c\ld n[ give him2 & 9 %ort1 z he 0 9 ! high road = discov]ies1 we may safely conclude t he f\nd out1 ) ,b5 ,frankl91 t a lone man is b ! half ( a pair ( scissors4 ,twelve mon?s pass$ by4 ,v]brugg5's fri5ds c\nsell$ him to rem>ry4 ,y are b ?irty-six1 said !y4 ,y h s9c]ely m\rn$ ,m>?a's loss1 & h done full ju/ice to h] excell5t qualities2 b y c yet d z well1 if n bett]4 ,!re is ,cecily ,van ,eyck1 tal5t$1 a pa9t]1 an arti/1 l y\rself4 ,y\r dispositions accord1 & if %e cons5ts to h y1 %e w be a "m to y\r little girl & make y an admirable wife4 ,h5ry li/5$ to 8 fri5ds1 ?\ght ov] :at !y said1 & foll[$ _! advice4 ,he became ,cecily's suitor1 & 0 accept$4 ,n[ ,cecily ,van ,eyck 0 v smil+1 v sweet1 v *>m+2 b ,cecily _h a w ( h] own4 ,sc>cely _h ! honeymoon gone by1 :5 %e enlight5$ ,h5ry ) "s new ideas1 & gave him sev]al v di/9ct notions z to ! prop] di/ribution ( dome/ic p[] 9 a h\sehold4 ,9 a m propiti\s age ,cecily w\ld h made h] m>k 9 a ,sorosis1 & be5 a lead] ( ! mo/ advanc$ radical w+ ( a woman's rights p>ty4 #hbh ,h] ma/]y ov] ,v]brugg5 0 complete1 & ! poor arti/ ev5 kiss$ 8 *a9s4 ,"o day %e said to him1 ,:at are y do+8 ,y\r apa?y is compla9$ (1 & ,i am taunt$ ) x4 ,rememb]1 if y please1 t ,van ,eyck is a "n n unkn[n4 ,let me n lose1 ,i pray y1 by *ang+ x = t ( ,v]brugg54 ,:]e is ! pulpit1 t *ef d'oeuvre y s long s9ce ann\nc$8 ,9 reply he l$ h] to 8 /udio4 ,cecily _h an arti/'s eye1 & m--a woman's4 ,:at mean1 said %e1 ^! emblems by ! side ( ,eve8 ,! sculptor blu%$4 ,:5 ,i made !m1 he answ]$1 ,i did n "k ,cecily ,van ,eyck4 ',tis well4 ,b aft] ^! emblems ( defects1 :i* p]haps wom5 h n1 :at d y int5d to be/[ ^u y\r own sex8 ,i _h already comm5c$1 /amm]$ ,v]brugg5--y see ! eagle4 ',twas p]haps some:at va94 ,va96 ,oh6 no2 n at all4 ,! eagle--a bird ( prey & rap9e1 ! symbol ( brutal tyranny--no?+ c\ld be fitt]4 ,well1 & :at fur!r d y int5d8 ,v]brugg5 c\ld f9d no reply4 ,well1 !n1 li/51 cont9u$ 8 wife1 to r5d] full ju/ice to y\r sex1 ne> ! eagle y w place a fox1 emblem ( deceit2 a p>rot1 emblem ( noisy *att]2 a monkey eat+ grapes1 symbol ( intoxication2 & a jackdaw1 emblem ( silly pride4 ,v]brugg5 execut$ h] ord]s ) a docility mo/ edify+4 ,! pulpit 0 soon f9i%$1 &1 =tunately = u1 has be5 pres]v$ intact ?r\gh ye>s ( w> & revolution4 ,high] tea*+s h be5 proclaim$ f x1 b to ^? :o "k its /ory ev5 its dumb wood speaks a salut>y lesson4 ,ah sir6 ejaculat$ ! old sexton1 :5 he _h f9i%$ ! /ory ( ! pulpit1 if ,i _h kn[n ! hi/ory ( t pulpit be=e ,i m>ri$ a second "t1 ,i-- ,j !n ,i came away4 ---------- ,! ,future ,( ,ritualism4 ,we propose to devote a few pages to ! consid]ation ( ,ritualism & its probable future1 because x is an int]e/+ religi\s movem5t :i* is ( great importance to _m s\ls1 & because x seems to u to h rea*$ its crisis4 ,a writ] 9 ! ,*ur*man 7an ,episcopalian j\rnal ( ,h>t=d1 ,ct47 wond]s t ,ca?olics take su* an int]e/ 9 8 communion & its memb]s4 ,our bi%ops be+ no bi%ops1 he says1 our cl]gy only dec5tly behav$ laym51 our laity a p]v]se g5]ation ^: only *ance ( salvation lies 9 ! *>itable hope ( _! inv9cible ignorance1 surely x is wa/+ p[d] & %ot ^u u to criticise our do+s :5 we are ?us only play+ at be+ a *ur*4 ,x is c]ta9ly true t 9 ! eyes ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & also ( e ecclesia/ical body :i* has ! apo/olic succession1 ! bi%ops ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur* are no bi%ops1 & ! cl]gy are m]e laym54 #hbi ,x is also true t ! extreme ,high-,*ur*m5 are play+ at be+ a *ur*4 ,b _c ! writ] und]/& our zeal = ! salvation ( s\ls & our hone/ desire to help ^? ^: religion is only a logical f>ce8 ,we assure him t if he does n appreciate our s9c]ity1 he does inju/ice to ! feel+s :i* %\ld animate e ,*ri/ian he>t4 ,we see t :i* e intellig5t & unbias$ m9d c see1 a p>ty 9 ! ,episcopal ,*ur* hold+ op9ions :i* are suicidal to e species ( ,prote/antism1 & :i* lead directly to ! ,ca?olic fai?1 & we "k t ^? :o belong to ?is p>ty _c long cont9ue 9 _! pres5t position4 ,!y mu/ come hone/ly =w>d to u1 or g backw>d to lose :at little fai? !y h4 ,is x wond]ful t = ! love ( ,*ri/ we beg !m to be tru?ful to _! convictions1 & manly 9 _! pr(ession8 ,is x /range t we attempt to %[ !m t ! doctr9es !y pr(ess to hold h no home 9 ,prote/antism1 & t ! *ur* !y pret5d to v5]ate is only a fiction ( _! imag9ation8 ,9 ?is _s we write n[ a few words :i* w1 we hope1 fall into ! h&s ( ,rituali/s1 & help at lea/ "s to ! k ( ! tru?4 ,let u say at once1 & 9 all c&or1 t our sympa?y is ) ! movem5t :i* is call$ ,ritualism1 & t f its beg9n+ we h e>ne/ly pray$ to ,god to bless x to ! conv]sion ( _m s\ls4 ,we hope x w g on & prosp]1 & be tru?fully develop$2 = we c ?9k ( no?+ s fe>ful z play+ *ur*1 :5 ! "q is "o ( salvation4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 among "s ( ! lead]s ( ?is movem5t1 a want ( hone/y & a direct untru?fulness :i* surprise u greatly4 ,if ?is di%one/y be n wilful1 x is ow+ to an obliquity ( m9d :i* x is h>d to compreh5d4 ,! object ( ?is article is to %[ t ,ritualism c h no /&+ 9 ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 & t !y :o w\ld propagate x _h bett] lay d[n ! weapons ( ins9uation & falsehood & be brave en\gh to look ! tru? full 9 ! face4 ,!re is no?+ ga9$ by attempt+ to skulk away "u ! g5]al mean+ ( ! "n :i* ! _w has appli$ to a p>ticul> signification4 ,!re c be no religion )\t ext]nal c]emonies1 say ! ,high-,*ur*m51 !re=e1 ,ritualism is prop] & necess>y4 ,?is argum5t is z fallaci\s z ! foll[+ ,!re is no man )\t a body1 !re=e ! negro is a necessity to ! human race4 ,! "q1 hone/ fri5ds1 is n :e!r ! religion ( ,*ri/ dem&s c]emonies1 b :e!r x dem&s ! p>ticul> c]emonies advocat$ at ,/4 ,alban's & o!r rituali/ic *ur*es4 ,& ,ritualism does n mean ! adoption ( any rites 9 ! s]vice ( ,god1 b ! use ( ! peculi> ones :i* are recomm5d$ by ! lead]s ( ! movem5t 9 ! ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,:y1 !n1 n say s at once ) manl9ess8 ,a man w make little progress 9 our day :o is afraid to av[ 8 cre$4 ,ritualism means a good deal m ?an m]e rites & c]emonies4 ,we d n take our good fri5ds :o put on ,ca?olic ve/m5ts z automatons :o are dress$ up by ! tailor to %[ (f 8 art4 ,!y are n s s5seless z to play = ! b5efit ( ! dress-mak] alone4 ,!re is doctr9e b5ea? all ?is ext]nal ritual :i* is int5d$ to %[ =? ! sacrifice ( ! mass1 & ! real pres5ce ( our ,"l 9 ! holy ,eu*>i/4 #hcj ,x includes ! :ole sacram5tal sy/em1 & ! p[] ( ! prie/hood4 ,!re is little outw>d di/9ction betwe5 ! t5ets ( ! ,rituali/s & ! cre$ ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,!y may pret5d to draw a l9e = ! satisfaction ( fe>ful disciples1 b really !re is little diff]5ce4 ,z f> z we c see1 !y are will+ to accept our fai?1 s long z !y c enjoy x )\t submitt+ to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,!y g to confession1 & invoke ! sa9ts1 & pray = ! dead1 & believe 9 ! sev5 sacram5ts1 & kneel dev\tly be=e ! bread & w9e :i* !y elevate = ! adoration ( ! p4 ,y c h1 said a lead+ ,rituali/ ( ?is city1 ev]y?+ 9 ! ,episcopal ,*ur* :i* y c f9d 9 ! ,ca?olic communion1 & :y !re=e %\ld y g away f ! fold 9 :i* y 7 born8 ,we ought1 !re=e1 to def9e ,ritualism z a movem5t t[>d ! actual fai? & wor%ip ( ! "o *ur* ( ,*ri/1 :i* 7 reject$ by all ,prote/ants at ! ,re=mation4 ,?is is its true def9ition be=e e hone/ m9d1 & any attempts to hide "u g5]alities1 are attempts at deception4 ,x w p]haps br+ our rem>ks to m cle> conclusions1 if we %[1 fir/1 t ^! doctr9es :i* und]lie ! :ole movem5t c h no /atus 9 ! ,episcopal ,*ur*2 secondly1 t any attempts at disguis+ ! tru?1 only injure ! lead]s 9 _! ent]prise2 & la/ly1 f ! indications ( ! pres5t1 conclude ! future ( ,ritualism4 ,little "t ne$ be sp5t to p]suade any hone/ m9d t ! sacram5tal sy/em c h no home 9 ! ,anglican communion4 ,fir/ ( all1 ! great body ( ! p reject x1 & c nev] be made to accept x1 :ile !y say ) s9c]ity t !y see no di/9ction betwe5 x & ! tea*+s ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,if x be deem$ wor? :ile to pr(ess sub/antially all ! doctr9es ( ,tr5t1 :y n undo ! ,re=mation & g back at once to ! fold :i* _! =efa!rs =sook8 ,&1 z ,bi%op ,lee rem>k$ at ! op5+ ( ! late ,episcopal ,conv5tion1 :at "r _h ! *ur* organiz$ by ,que5 ,elizabe? to set =? articles ( fai?1 or 9 fact to be a *ur* at all1 if n on ! ,prote/ant pr9ciple ( private judgm5t8 ,! majority ( ,episcopalians h ! greate/ possible av]sion to any?+ t c be call$ ,romanism1 & w1 z a body1 nev] all[ !mselves to be ca?olicis$4 ,9 ?is c\ntry !re is great lib]ty ( spee*1 & great pret5sions are easily tol]at$2 b :5 x is und]/ood t su* pret5sions mean m ?an words1 ! _s ( ,prote/antism1 :i* is ! only liv+ ?+ 9 ! ,episcopal ,communion1 %[s itself 9 full armor4 ,individuals daily come to ! "o fold ( ,*ri/1 b ! body w nev] move f its ho/ile attitude4 ,x w /& consi/5t to its own pr9ciple until ! h\r ( dissolution4 ,if any ,rituali/ d\bts ?is1 let him actually practise all he prea*es1 & op5ly av[ all he believes4 ,8 eyes w soon be op5$ suffici5tly to see t ! antagonism betwe5 himself & 8 surr\nd+s c nev] be remov$4 ,our fri5ds1 ! ,high-,*ur*m51 are zeal\s uphold]s ( *ur* au?ority2 b :]e is ! au?ority to :i* !y submit8 ,_! own *ur* ought to be an au?ority to !m1 yet we f9d t its decisions h no weight = _! m9ds4 ,! articles are aga9/ !m1 & e doctr9al judgm5t t has be5 made ?r\gh\t ! hi/ory ( ! controv]sy is di/9ctly adv]se to _! views2 yet !y insi/ on hold+ on1 & appeal+ f ! /]n pres5t to ! impossible future4 #hca ,! ?irty-n9e articles are really ! doctr9al /&>ds ( ! ,engli% ,*ur* & truly express ! belief :i* =m$ & animates _! communion4 ,:5 ^! articles are giv5 up1 if su* an ev5t %\ld ev] take place1 ! ,episcopal bro!rhood w commit suicide & vote itself out ( exi/5ce4 ,^! rem>kable canons ( doctr9e condemn ! :ole sacram5tal sy/em1 d5y any real pres5ce ( ,*ri/ 9 ! bless$ ,eu*>i/1 & cut away1 root & bran*1 any enc\ragem5t :i* ! ,rituali/s might f9d 9 ! o!r portions ( ! ,pray]-,book4 ,:atev] au?ority !re=e ! ,episcopal ,*ur* has1 is mo/ decid$ly aga9/ ! unnatural *ildr5 :o pr(ess great fondness = _! "m1 call h] by great names :i* %e dis[ns1 & /ill nev] obey h]4 ,we h be=e u a decl>ation ( pr9ciples made 9 ! ye> #ahfg1 9 :i* are conta9$ ! v doctr9es :i* ! articles condemn1 & :i* ! bi%ops1 :5ev] !y h spok51 h rebuk$4 ,"o s5t5ce p>ticul>ly pleases u by its great frankness & amiable s9c]ity4 ,we he>tily & loyally obey ! au?ority ( our own p>ticul> *ur*1 receive e "o ( h] doctr9es1 & adopt1 z our own1 h] e act ( devotion4 ,article xxviii says1 ,! sacram5t ( ! ,"l's supp] 0 n by ,*ri/'s ord9ance res]v$1 c>ri$ ab\t1 lift$ up1 or wor%ipp$4 ,! decl>ation ( ^! loyal *ildr5 decl>es t ,*ri/ is really pres5t 9 ! ,holy ,eu*>i/1 & be+ pres5t1 is ( c\rse to be ador$4 ,n[1 if ! bi%ops ( ! ,anglican communion h any "r to decide 9 litigat$ que/ions1 !y h spok5 ) suffici5t pla9ness4 ,! ,ca?olic s*ool 9 ,engl& has _h a h>d road to travel :ile "o aft] ano!r _! favorite positions h be5 condemn$4 ,! la/ decision ( ! ,privy ,c\ncil is adv]se to ! c]emonies ( ,ritualism1 & ( c\rse to ! doctr9es :i* und]lie !m4 ,tw5ty-eight bi%ops ( ! ,am]ican ,episcopal ,*ur* h publi%$ an op5 prote/ aga9/ ! new movem5t1 & ! late ,pa/oral ( ! ,conv5tion reass]ts ! pr9ciples ( ! ,re=mation1 d5ies ! pres5ce ( our ,"l 9 ! ,eu*>i/1 & concludes ! subject by say+3 ,we w\ld mo/ e>ne/ly deprecate ^? extravagances 9 ,ritualism1 rec5tly introduc$1 :i* t5d to assimilate our wor%ip to t ( a *ur* ho/ile to our own4 ,& we mu/ urge y to rememb] t ! rev]5t ob$i5ce to _! bi%ops & o!r *ief m9i/]s1 promis$ by ! cl]gy at _! ord9ation1 w\ld1 if fai?fully r5d]$1 prev5t ^! evils4 ,we are n aw>e t any?+ m explicit be requir$ by our fri5ds :o love _! own p>ticul> *ur* s well2 b if ! above be n en\gh1 we imag9e !y w n wait v long = some?+ m4 ,! mo/ pa9ful feature1 h[ev]1 9 ?is movem5t1 is an app>5t want ( tru?fulness & a dis+5u\sness :i* are inconsi/5t ) ! e>ne/ desire to "k ! fai? ( ,*ri/4 ,x is v h>d to compreh5d ! c\rse ( "s ( ! lead]s 9 ?is ,ca?olic revolution1 unless _! aim be to ma9ta9 a cause )\t any reg>d = tru? or ju/ice4 ,!y are sometimes v ins9c]e 9 _! condemnations ( ,romanism be=e ! p1 :5 9 _! he>ts !y mu/ see t !y are mak+ dupes ( ! ignorant4 #hcb ,a v vapid book has be5 h&$ to u1 entitl$ ,conv]sations on ,ritualism4 ,! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,wilson 7,rituali/7 in/ructs ,mr4 ,br[n1 & op5s 8 eyes to see t !re is a pure ,ca?olicity all unkn[n to ,rome1 & ev5 to ! 7belov$7 ,ea/1 :i* is n[ ab\t to revive & d wond]s4 ,mr4 ,br[n is in=m$ t ! ,am]ican ,*ur* has n yet be5 put toge!r4 ,! elem5ts ( :i* x is compos$ are float+ ar\nd2 b s sure z ! sun rises "s bright day1 ! *aos w be "o beautiful sc5e ( ord] & unity1 :5 all %all ?9k alike1 & ! brilliant alt>s %all blaze ) c&les & smoke ) inc5se4 ,n[1 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,wilson d\bts if !re are _m ( 8 bi%ops & prie/s :o "k m ?an ! m]e ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 ( ! real "q ( ! *ur* wor%ip4 ,!y w1 h[ev]1 be enlight5$1 because ! _w is to see ! gorge\s ,ritual )\t ! doctr9al errors & corruptions ( ,rome1 & to take a pill :i* is n to be gild$4 ,puritanism comes 9 = a t]rible mal$iction4 ,if ev] an evil _s has appe>$ on ! e>?1 ( su* a "* z to put m5 out ( pati5ce ) its inconsi/5cies & absurdities1 t _s is ,puritanism4 ,o ,puritanism1 ,puritanism1 ?\ t abhorre/ pictures & fl[]s1 /a9$ glass & alt>-clo?s1 ?\ t love/ :itewa% & blank h>d-f9i%1 ) :at amazem5t %alt ?\ h]eaft] disc]n ! glories ( ! heav5ly city1 ! ,new ,j]usalem6 ,?is ,puritanism is a v subtle & p]si/5t poison2 ,i h kn[n x to crop out :]e lea/ expect$2 ,i h ev5 kn[n ( mitr$ heads :i* seem 9 "s way turn$ by x4 ,b1 bad z x is1 x is n worse ?an ,pop]y1 :i* good ,mr4 ,br[n is taught to di/+ui% well f ,ritualism4 ,!n ,rev4 ,mr4 ,wilson1 speak+ ex ca!dra1 def9es :at ?is ,pop]y is4 ,its errors are ! cultus ( ! ,bless$ ,virg92 adoration ( ! cross1 images1 & relics2 ! doctr9e ( purgatory1 ,transub/antiation1 ,papal p>dons1 indulg5ces & disp5sations1 sup]]ogatory m]its1 & =bidd+ ! cl]gy to m>ry4 ,pope ,wilson1 :o rejects ! au?ority ( ,pius ,,ix41 pron\nces ^! doctr9es & practices z grave errors4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 !re=e1 ( ! cle>ness ( 8 vision1 & discussion 7 useless & c]ta9ly inappropriate4 ,b1 beh9d ! sc5es1 :at is ! practical diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,ca?olic doctr9e condemn$1 & ! belief symboliz$ by ! ,rituali/s8 ,mr4 ,br[n has gone home q satisfi$1 & he w n he> our conv]sation1 & we c af=d to talk our hone/ convictions4 ,! cultus ( ! ,bless$ ,virg9 & ! sa9ts is no?+ m ?an ! devotion :i* our fri5d1 ,mr4 ,mackono*ie approves "u ano!r "n4 ,ca?olics d n adore ! cross1 nor images1 nor relics4 ,!y treat !m ) v5]ation & religi\s respect1 & s d ! ,rituali/s4 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,wilson prays = 8 dep>t$ fri5ds1 ?\gh = ! _w he w\ld n say out l\d ,purgatory4 ,transub/antiation he does n accept1 ?\gh he believes t ! bread & w9e are ! body & blood ( ,*ri/1 & to be ador$ ) e outw>d symbol ( devotion4 ,p>dons are v good 9 !mselves1 if ! ,pope has no?+ to d ) !m2 & z = =bidd+ ! cl]gy to m>ry1 he w\ld leave t an op5 "q4 ,_m ( ! ,rituali/s h ev9c$ a pref]5ce = a s+le life1 & a desire ev5 to e/abli% conv5ts & mona/]ies4 ,mr4 ,br[n is sleep+ quietly on 8 ,prote/ant pill[ :ile ,mr4 ,wilson prays be=e 8 crucifix1 & is a ,romani/ at he>t ?\gh n 9 "n4 #hcc ,we fe> !re are _m ,mr4 ,br[ns1 & ,madame ,br[ns1 & ,misses ,br[n1 :o are likewise deceiv$4 ,9 religion we w\ld pref] m manl9ess & outspok5 hone/y4 ,^! ,conv]sations on ,ritualism are only an example ( :at we h (t5 se5 & he>d ) mu* pa94 ,we h great hopes ( any man :o is tru?ful2 b :5 !re is a desire to deceive1 & an unwill+ness to foll[ tru? to its j conclusions1 !re is little *ance = argum5t4 ,b "s ( ! ,rituali/s are z unfair t[>d _! own *ur* z !y are t[>d u4 ,x _c condemn !m2 = :atev] language x may use1 !y w int]pret x to suit _! own case4 ,:5 ,tract ,no4 ,,xc4 appe>$1 ! entire ,engli% communion sc\t$ its attempt to reconcile ! articles ) ,ca?olic doctr9e4 ,n[1 !re is no difficulty 9 expla9+ away e objectionable po9t & mak+ ^? ?irty-n9e dagg]s in(f5sive4 ,! ,bapti/ ,qu>t]ly says3 ,! tw5ty-fif? article decl>es1 ',! sacram5ts 7 n orda9$ to be gaz$ ^u1' an unque/ionable int]diction ( eu*>i/ic adoration4 ,b ?is1 we are told1 mu/ mean t !y are n to be look$ ^u )\t rev]5ce & devotion4 ,s article tw5ty-eight says1 ',! sacram5t ( ! ,"l's supp] 0 n by ,*ri/'s ord9ance lift$ up or wor%ipp$4' ,?is1 x is said1 may mean t elevation may n be practis$1 on ! gr\nd ( its be+ done by ,*ri/'s ord9ance1 b x may be done on "s o!r gr\nd4 ,:at may be ! casui/ry ( m5 :o c s def5d _! pr9ciples1 x is difficult = m9ds accu/om$ to frank & /raight=w>d actions to compreh5d4 ,if ! ,privy ,c\ncil =bids ! practices ( ! ,rituali/s1 ! ,*ur* ,record tells u t !y mu/ inde$ be %ort-sight$ :o suppose t ! disuse "u compulsion ( ! ritual expression ( a doctr9e w h9d] x f be+ taught & believ$4 ,if ! :ole h\se ( ,am]ican bi%ops di/9ctly d5y any pres5ce ( ! body & blood ( ,*ri/ 9 ! ,eu*>i/1 & =bid any wor%ip ( ! elem5ts1 on ! gr\nd t ,*ri/ is n !re1 !n ^! loyal *ur*m5 are *e]$1 & take refuge "u ! incauti\s use ( a t]m :i* 9 "o s5se might be object$ to ev5 by ,ca?olics4 ,say ! bi%ops1 ,especially d we condemn any doctr9e ( ! holy ,eu*>i/ :i* implies t1 aft] consecration1 ! prop] nature ( ! elem5ts ( bread & w9e does n rema92 :i* localizes 9 !m ! bodily pres5ce ( our ,"l4 ,! prelates meant to say t our ,"l is n really 9 ! sacram5t1 & _h no idea ( ! !ological objection :i* ,ca?olic doctors might f9d to ! use ( ! ^w localize4 ,! ,cate*ism ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t tells u t our ,"l is n 9 ! sacram5t ut 9 loco t is1 he is n limit$ or circumscrib$ by ! ord9>y laws ( quantity & ext5sion4 ,?is is evid5t1 because our ,"l is pres5t by miracle & accord+ to ! conditions ( 8 glorifi$ humanity4 ,:5 ! ,pa/oral is exam9$1 says ! ,*ur*man1 x turns out to be a d5ial ( a physical or c>nal pres5ce1 :i* ! writ] 79 ,! ,ca?olic ,_w7 n hav+ ! fe> ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t be=e 8 eyes1 decl>es mu/ be local4 ,! ,pa/oral says no?+ ab\t a physical or c>nal pres5ce1 ! precise mean+ ( :i* 9 high-*ur* casui/ry we d n "k2 b x d5ies any bodily pres5ce4 ,n[1 if our ,"l's body is !re at all1 !re is a bodily pres5ce1 & t pres5ce is localiz$1 t is to say1 he is )9 ! species ( bread & w9e4 #hcd ,to use ! words ( ,/4 ,cyril1 ,t :i* appe>s to be bread is n bread1 b ! body ( ,*ri/2 & t :i* appe>s to be w9e is n w9e1 b ! blood ( ,*ri/4 ,x is h>d = u to believe t ! au?or ( ! above /ricture on ! ,pa/oral kn[s :at he means himself4 ,if by physical he means accord+ to ! ord9>y laws ( physics1 he ne$ n beat ! air any m4 ,if by c>nal he int5ds to say t our ,"l is n 9 ! ,eu*>i/1 z :5 9 ! days ( 8 soj\rn on e>?1 he 0 subject to all ! natural conditions ( fle% & blood1 he w f9d no adv]s>y 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,! sub/ance ( ! bread & w9e is *ang$ into ! sub/ance ( ! body & blood ( ,*ri/1 & he is 9 ! ,eu*>i/ sacram5tally1 b z truly & really z he is at ! "r h& ( ! ,fa!r 9 heav54 ,two sub/ances _c coexi/ at "o "t 9 "o & ! same space1 & s1 accord+ to ! pla9 def9ition ( our cre$1 ! ,inc>nate ,^w is miracul\sly pres5t1 :ole & entire 9 ei!r =m1 & "u e consecrat$ ho/ 9 ! _w4 ,t ! bi%ops meant to d5y di/9ctly any true pres5ce ( ,*ri/ 9 ! sacram5t1 is evid5t en\gh to any m9d1 & we _c admire ! c&or ( ! writ] :o w\ld try to escape f x by a quibble ^u a ^w ^: common acceptation is q pla94 ,! ,*ur* ,record w\ld h u believe t any?+ c "h be tol]at$1 provid$ y d n use ! ^w ,transub/antiation4 ,b :at %all we say ( ! foll[+ language tak5 f ! ,*ur*man8 ,! ,romi% ,*ur* does n1 comp>atively speak+1 c>e "o fig = transub/antiation1 ! celibacy ( ! cl]gy1 ! employm5t ( h] p>ticul> liturgy & c]emonial4 ,%e has sacrific$ ^! = dom9ion 9 times pa/4 ,%e w d x aga94 ,%e w expla9 away transub/antiation1 %e w admit ! m>riage ( ! cl]gy1 %e w make almo/ any o!r concession1 if %e c get h] p5ny's wor? 9 return4 ,b "o ?+ %e does c>e ab\t1 & t is ! ,pope's supremacy4 ,! au?or ( ?is fam\s passage is unsafe 9 any community1 & ought to be cont9ually wat*$ by detectives4 ,x is easy to write falsehood1 & n v h>d to speak x2 b x avails v little ^? :o h ! h>dihood to use x4 ,we h come to ! conclusion1 f a long exp]i5ce1 t high-*ur*m5 w nev] be driv5 f _! gr\nd by any decisions ( _! own *ur*1 & t _m ( !m are exceptions to ! ord9>y laws ( humanity4 ,!y are inaccessible to reason4 ,on ?is gr\nd !y w excuse u if we pray ! m e>ne/ly = !m1 or endeavor to po9t out to ! _w _! wond]ful inconsi/5cy4 ,!y advocate a k9d ( infallibility :i*1 to be sure1 is n )9 ! rea* ( any "o1 & yet :5 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is call$ infallible1 !y f9d ! v idea inconsi/5t ) _! reason4 ,s long z ,rome keeps to itself1 x is gr&1 impos+1 & may pass = p[]ful4 ,b :5 x appeals to argum5t & v5tures into ! prov9ce ( reason1 x admits ! possibility ( an adv]se conclusion4 ,infallible m5 mu/ n reason1 !y c only pron\nce4 ,p]haps x 0 a ho>y head t indit$ ^! words 9 ! ,*ur*man1 or x may h be5 a "y & inexp]i5c$ w>rior4 ,is !re any objection to %[ ! gr\nds ( our fai? to "o :o asks = !m1 & may n ev5 ! writ] ( ! above ent] ^u an argum5t to prove ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 )\t admitt+ ! possibility ( an adv]se conclusion8 #hce ,x is some?+ new to u t we c only def5d by argum5t ! ?+s t we d\bt4 ,we d n reason on ! intr9sic cr$ibility ( ! doctr9e propos$ to our belief1 b ^u ! extr9sic evid5ce t ,god1 ! only reveal]1 really proposes ! doctr9e4 ,& we are q ready to %[ to any hone/ m9d ! pro(s t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is ! "o & only *ur* ( ,god4 ,nay1 ?is has be5 done by our fa!rs & doctors f ! beg9n+4 ,e ,ca?olic is infallible s f> z 8 fai? goes1 because he relies ^u ! *ur* :i* is infallible2 b ?is does n prev5t him f def5d+ by reason ! cre$ :i* he holds4 ,! same lum9\s au?or asks if ,rome w /& equally well ! daylight :i* w be let into h] secret places4 ,s also ! accusation has be5 made1 t ! ,romi% ,*ur* has "o set ( doctr9es = ! public & ano!r = ! initiat$2 t to conv]ts %e always %[$ h] be/ face1 & did n reveal h] true features until %e _h fairly caught !m 9 h] iron grasp4 ,9 reply to ^! nurs]y tales1 meant = cry+ *ildr5 only1 we say briefly t ,rome has no secret places :atev]2 t ! daylight %9es 9 h]1 & ?r\gh h]2 & t all %e holds & tea*es is 9 h] cate*ism1 :i* is taught to "y & old4 ,any "o :o wi%es to "k h] cre$ c easily f9d x out1 & x is z mu* 9 ! possession ( ! unlett]$ peasant z x is ( ! le>n$ philosoph]4 ,x is b>ely possible t !y :o write & speak su* sill9ess z ! above may be hone/2 b surely1 if !y are 9 _! "r m9ds1 !re is no excuse = _! ignorance4 ,de> ,rituali/s1 :5 y wi% to keep y\r fri5ds or p>i%ion]s f go+ ,romew>d1 pray tell ! tru?2 = :5 !y f9d out t y h tri$ to deceive !m1 !y w all ! fa/] run f a sy/em :i* _c be> hone/y & pla9-deal+4 ,!re is ano!r po9t 9 :i* our good fri5ds :o l to call !mselves ,ca?olics are manife/ly ei!r ill-in=m$ or dis+5u\s4 ,!y pr(ess to see a great di/9ction betwe5 ! s*ismatic ,greek communion & ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & speak z if !re 7 ! slighte/ hope ( any int]c\rse betwe5 !mselves & ! ,ea/]n sects4 ,! sep>at$ ,greeks are c]ta9ly 9 a lifeless /ate1 ow+ to _! s*ism & _! slavi% subjection to ! /ate2 b _! /&>ds are z decisive aga9/ ,prote/antism & ! ,engli% pret5sions z ev5 ! canons ( ,tr5t4 ,to speak o!rwise1 & to repres5t to an unlett]$ p]son t !re is any approximation betwe5 ,anglicanism & ! ,ea/1 is only an attempt to deceive4 ,! position ( ! s*ismatic ,*ri/ians ( ! ,ea/ is q simple ^u our views ( ,ca?olic unity2 b we v5ture to aga9 urge our bre?r5 ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 to prosecute _! inve/igations & d some?+ m ?an pass resolutions su* z are e ye> triumphantly c>ri$ at ! sessions ( ! ,am]ican & ,=eign ,*ri/ian ,union4 ,:y n quietly wait1 says ! ,*ur*man1 & let u be snubb$8 ,we are q will+ to wait2 b 9 ?is day ( telegraph & /eam improvem5ts1 may we n beg ! committee to move a little fa/]8 ,9 ! mean "t1 we w\ld place 9 _! h&s a little manual1 by ,dr4 ,ov]beck1 a ,russian prie/1 :o speaks only ! s5tim5ts ( 8 :ole communion4 #hcf ,we quote f ! ,engli% edition ( 8 "w on ,ca?olic or?odoxy4 ,speak+ 9 ! "n ( ! ,greek ,*ur*1 he says 9 answ] to ,dr4 ,pusey's ,eir5icon1 7page #ig17 ,we d n want y\r p[] nor y\r ri*es2 ^! are no baits = u4 ,we are cont5t ) our pov]ty & our pure fai?1 :i* nobody %all sully2 & are we to commune ) a *ur* s replete ) h]esy z ! ,engli% ,*ur* is6 ,are we to expose our only treasure1 our pure fai?6 ,y h in/all$ h]esy 9 y\r pulpits2 y d n ca/ x out2 nay1 y _c ca/ x out1 because y\r *ur* is hi/orically a ,prote/ant ,*ur*1 & ,prote/ants fram$ y\r articles :i* y contrive 9 va9 to unprote/antize4 ,god =bid6 ,no communion ) an h]etical *ur*6 ,no communion ) ! ,engli% ,*ur*--x w\ld be ! grave ( or?odoxy4 ,aga91 7page #hi17 ,! ,or?odox ,*ur* does n recognize ! ,engli% ,*ur* to be a*ur*1 9 h] own mean+ ( ! ^w1 any m ?an ! ,lu!ran1 ,re=m$1 or any o!r ,prote/ant ,*ur*4 ,if we1 nev]!less1 use ! t]m *ur* 9 ! controv]sy1 x is only a conv5tional mode ( speak+1 :ile disprov+ ! fact1 & d5y+ ! tru? ( ! und]laid idea4 ,! ,engli% ,*ur* is n1 & nev] 0 recogniz$ by any ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,f :at we h se51 ! prospects ( ,ritualism are n v bright4 ,:atev] au?ority ! ,episcopal ,*ur* possesses w und\bt$ly be us$ to prev5t its gr[? & influ5ce4 ,x is q c]ta9 t x c nev] be graft$ ^u ! s]vice or discipl9e ( a communion ^: v exi/5ce dep5ds ^u its ,prote/antism4 ,! bi%ops are 9 a directly ho/ile attitude t[>d ! movem5t2 & if "s ( !m let x alone1 x is1 p]haps1 because !y ?9k t x w ! soon] die out4 ,rituali/s w g =w>d to a c]ta9 po9t1 & ,high-,*ur*m5 w /& ung5]\sly beh9d to take any advantage ( _! success1 & to disav[ all responsibility :5 ! h\r ( tr\ble comes4 ,aft] a :ile1 ! :ole revolution w cease1 & :ile _m w become ,ca?olics1 o!rs w return to indiff]5ce1 & to great] torpidity ?an at ! beg9n+4 ,already !re are signs ( division among ! mov]s 9 ! drama4 ,!y are n agre$ on ! "q ( quantity1 "s propos+ to g mu* fur!r ,romew>d ?an o!rs are will+ to foll[4 ,engli% ,rituali/s are dissatisfi$ ) _! ,am]ican fri5ds1 & accuse !m ( c[>dice or want ( frankness4 ,! bi%ops snub !m at e opportunity1 ! p[]s ( ! /ate fall d[n ^u !m1 & !y _c come to any settl$ conclusion :at to d4 ,9 ?is c\ntry !y c act z !y l1 unt\*$ by civil au?ority1 & yet ! :ole l& c boa/ ( only "o or two *ur*es :]e c]emonies are c>ri$ out accord+ to ! code4 ,x is d\btful h[ long ^! *ur*es c be support$ on ! volunt>y pr9ciple4 ,our own judgm5t is1 t a few ye>s w see ! end ( a movem5t :i* ought to result 9 _m conv]sions to ! ,ca?olic fai?4 ,if !re 7 /rict hone/y among ! lead]s1 we %\ld be m hopeful2 b :5 false /atem5ts are con/antly made1 & ! ,no ,pop]y cry is held up z a bl9d by ev5 ! advance-gu>d :o we> *asubles & he> confessions1 :at enc\ragem5t h we = ! future8 ,x is s easy to retrace "o's /eps & to look unconsci\s ( all h>m if ! tide ( battle turns4 ,we "k ( m ?an "o bi%op1 & _m m9i/]s 9 ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 :o h recant$ _! errors ) m or less manl9ess1 & are n[ 9 ! surgeon's t5t1 f> away f all dang]4 #hcg ,! lawn-sleeves & ! fair h]itage h prov$ too mu* = _! fai? 9 ?+s et]nal4 ,!y :o once 7 ready to accept all ! decrees ( ,tr5t & utt]ly reject ! articles ( _! own *ur*1 h become doctors ( div9ity1 ) l>ge families ( *ildr51 & ! pangs ( consci5ce h ceas$4 ,mona/]ies well organiz$ h be5 brok5 up by ! m>riage ( ne>ly all ! rev]5d monks1 & communities ( si/]s h be5 s]i\sly emb>rass$ by ! drafts ! cl]gy h made ^u _! numb]4 ,we m5tion ^! facts 9 sorr[2 = x is a sad pro( ( ! inconsi/5cy ( man 9 matt]s ( religion4 ,:y %\ld we expect any m f ! ,rituali/s ?an we h realiz$ f _! cotempor>ies or prog5itors8 ,especially1 :5 we behold among !m a self-suffici5cy & untru?fulness :i* h no p>allel 9 ecclesia/ical hi/ory1 :at %all we d>e hope8 ,! ,anglican communion c nev] be unprote/antiz$4 ,x may 9 ! c\rse ( "t fall to pieces1 & e liv+ mom5t )9 its bosom w help its dissolution4 ,z a body1 x nev] c take any ,ca?olic position1 nor wa% (f ! bir?m>ks :i* prove its p>5tage4 ,^? :o really wi% = a div9e *ur* & ! rites :i* speak ! old un*angeable fai?1 w come "o by "o to ! pill> & gr\nd ( tru?4 ,hav+ tri$ %ad[s long en\gh1 be+ we>i$ by play+ at *ur*1 & tir$ ( hold+ up a religion by _! own /r5g?1 !y w come :]e ,god ha? e/abli%$ 8 cov5ant 9 ,zion & 8 m]cy 9 ,j]usalem4 ,no hone/ man c long hold ! doctr9e ( ! ,real ,pres5ce & rema9 away f ! alt>s :]e alone ! ,holy ( ,holies c be f\nd4 ,no man c seek to confess 8 s9s & (t5 kneel to "o :o is afraid to he> him op5ly1 :o pres5ts at be/ a d\btful code ( morals1 & plays1 l a fooli% *ild1 ) tools ^: prop] use he kn[s n4 ,! end w soon come4 ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur* w\ld h p]i%$ long ago1 if h] life _h n be5 ! life ( ,god1 & no c\nt]feit ( h] augu/ cre$ c survive ! *anges ( "t4 ,ritualism w pass away1 & some?+ else w take its place4 ,! ,holy ,_s ( tru? speaks ?r\gh ?is movem5t to hone/ he>ts :o w he> & obey4 ,_m are l ! "y man 9 ! gospel1 :o w5t away f ,*ri/ because ! sacrifice 0 too great4 ,he 0 n f> f ! k+dom ( ,god1 nei!r are our ,rituali/ic bre?r5 f> di/ant f ! portals ( ! true ,zion4 ,god grant t !y may be n unfai?ful to ! tru? !y "k1 nor la/+ly unwill+ 9 ! day ( ! div9e p[]4 ---------- #hch ,irel&'s ,m>tyrs4 ,footnote #bib ,footnote #bib3 ,memorials ( ^? :o suff]$ = ! ,ca?olic ,fai? 9 ,irel& 9 ! ,sixte5?1 ,sev5te5?1 & ,eighte5? ,c5turies4 ,collect$ & edit$ f ! orig9al au?orities4 ,by ,myles ,o',reilly1 ,b4,a41 ,,ll4,d4 ,new ,york3 ,ca?olic ,publication ,society4 #ahfi4 #abmo1 pp4 #dfb4 ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,irel&1 oppress$ f ! days ( ! ,norman invasion1 became1 f ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 a liv+ m>tyr2 h] suff]+s hav+ no p>allel 9 ,europe f ! "t ( ! ?ree c5turies ( p]secution "u ! ,roman emp]ors4 ,x 0 n s mu* ! p]secution & m>tyrdom ( individuals s mu* z ( a race & nation4 ,h5ce1 :ile ! ,acts ( ! ,e>ly ,roman ,m>tyrs1 =mally drawn up1 h long s9ce be5 collect$ by ,ru9>t2 :ile a ,*allon]1 = ,engl&1 collect$ records ( ! m>tyrs ( ! fai? 9 8 ,mission>y ,prie/s1 t all-absorb+ favorite ( our e>lie/ days2 :ile ev5 ! memorials ( ! mission>y m>tyrs 9 our own l& _h be5 collect$1 no "o seem$ to ?9k ( select+ ! records ( ,irel&'s m>tyr$ prie/s f ! h>r[+ tale ( ! suff]+ & unconqu]ably fai?ful p amid :om !y p]i%$4 ,x has be5 well t ?is pi\s task has at la/ be5 und]tak51 & s well accompli%$4 ,?is "w ( ,mr4 ,o',reilly is a pla91 unv>ni%$ collection ( contempor>y acc\nts1 ) no attempt to make1 f ! simple details giv51 a graphic & affect+ picture4 ,brief1 too brief1 inde$1 _m ( ^! records are2 b fur!r rese>*es1 unexplor$ ar*ives1 correspond5ce n hi!rto consult$1 w1 we tru/1 ere long1 give m ext5d$ & edify+ memorials ( ^! fai?ful cl]gym51 ^! bi%ops1 prie/s1 secul> & regul>1 ( ! ,isle ( ,sa9ts4 ,dur+ mu* ( ! p]iod ( ! great ,iri% p]secution1 dur+ t long int]val betwe5 #aedj & #agja x 0 sc>cely possible to draw up & s5d out ( ,irel&1 mu* less pres]ve 9 x1 ext5d$ acc\nts ( ! m>tyrdom ( ^? :o di$ = ! fai?4 ,rese>* or inquiry into _! bir?s or e>ly lives 0 out ( ! "q4 ,! *ief s\rces :]e we c n[ seek in=mation z to ^! h]oic m5 are ! hi/orical writ+s ( ! religi\s ord]s :o labor$ 9 ,irel&4 ,among ! ,franciscans1 ! great annali/ ( ! ord] is ,fa!r ,luke ,wadd+1 an ,iri%man1 :o has pres]v$ _m valuable acc\nts relat+ to 8 native c\ntry4 ,colgan1 ano!r ,iri% writ] ( ! same ord]1 9 ! preface to ! ,acta ,sanctorum ,hib]niae1 gives an acc\nt ( ! dea? ( two ( 8 lit]>y associates1 ,fa!rs ,flem+ & ,w>d4 ,de ,burgo1 ( ! ord] ( ,prea*]s1 publi%$ a well-kn[n "w1 ,hib]nia ,dom9icana1 devot$ to ! hi/ory ( 8 ord] 9 ,irel&4 ,! ,jesuit1 ,fa!r ,tann]1 9 8 ,societas ,jesu ,militans1 records ! lives ( _m ( 8 ord] :o di$ = ! fai? 9 ,irel&1 &1 9 ano!r "w1 n cit$ by our au?or1 8 ,mortes ,illu/res1 :ile treat+ ( di/+ui%$ ,iri% memb]s1 ent]s into ! p]secutions ( ! *ur* 9 _! native l&4 #hci ,!n !re 7 special works on ! v>i\s p]secutions3 ! ,relatio ,p]secutionis ,hib]niae1 by ,fa!r ,dom9ic a ,ros>io1 publi%$ at ,lisbon 9 #afee2 ,bruod9's ,propugnaculum ,ca?oliae ,v]itatis1 issu$ at ,prague 9 #affi2 ,bi%op ,ro!'s ,analecta ,sacra ,nova et ,mira de ,rebus ,ca?olicorum 9 ,hib]nia pro ,fide et ,religione ,ge/is1 publi%$ at ,cologne1 9 #afag1 "u ! assum$ "n ( ,philadelphus2 & ! ,processu ,m>tyrialis ( ! same au?or1 :i* appe>$ two ye>s lat]2 ! ,p]secutio ,hib]niae1 #afai2 ,morrison's ,?r5odia ,hib]no-,ca?olica1 sive ,planctus ,univ]salis totius ,cl]i et ,populi ,regni ,hib]niae1 publi%$ at ,innspruck1 9 #afei2 & ,c>ve's ,lyra1 ,sulzba*1 #afff1 ) o!r works ( m g5]al scope4 ,besides ^! pr9t$ works1 ,mr4 ,o',reilly cites sev]al manuscripts pres]v$ 9 ! ,burgundian ,libr>y at ,brussels--,magna ,supplicia1 writt5 ab\t #afjj2 an acc\nt ( ! m>tyrdom ( ,bi%op ,dovany 9 #afab2 ,mooney's acc\nt ( ! ,franciscan ,prov9ce 9 ,irel&2 & unpubli%$ lett]s ( ,iri% ,jesuits4 ,! fir/ bl[s at ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,irel& 7 /ruck "u ,h5ry ,,viii4 at ! mona/]ies2 !n came ! intrusion ( m51 z bi%ops1 :o ackn[l$g$ t mon/] z head ( ! *ur*1 & ! expulsion ( ^? :o refus$ to admit ?is new p[] 9 ! cr[n4 ,9 ! reign ( 8 daught] ,elizabe? came ! doctr9e t ! sov]eign1 provid$ always1 nev]!less1 t he be n a ,ca?olic1 is n only head ( ! *ur*1 b emp[]$ to make cre$s & a ritual = wor%ip4 ,9 a few reigns m came ! doctr9e t ! ,calv9i/s 9 a nation are ! head ( ! *ur* & /ate1 may behead k+s1 make & unmake wor%ips & cre$s1 & put to dea? all :o ga9say !m4 ,! p]secution "u ,h5ry 0 comp>atively bloodless2 ! plund] 0 too pl5tiful = m5 to /op to slay4 ,only "o in/ance is record$--t ( ! behead+ ( ! gu>dian ( ! ,franciscan conv5t at ,monaghan1 & ( sev]al ( 8 fri>s2 b we c sc>cely cr$it t "u s sangu9>y a tyrant s little blood 0 %$ 9 ,irel&1 :]e no scruple ev] held back ! ,engli% sword f slaught]1 only a few ,iri% families or bloods be+ recogniz$ z m5 :om to kill 0 murd]4 ,engl& _h h] illu/ri\s m>tyr1 ,c>d9al ,john ,fi%]1 ,bi%op ( ,ro*e/]2 ,irel& 9 h] hi]>*y _h an illu/ri\s confessor 9 ,william ,wal%1 ,bi%op ( ,mea?1 a ,ci/]cian1 born at ,dunboyne1 & a monk 9 ! ,abbey ( ,bective1 till its suppression4 ,:atev] d\bt !re may be ab\t ! place ( 8 bir? & 8 e>ly hi/ory1 !re is none :atev] z to 8 em95t virtues1 di/+ui%$ abilities1 & ! h]oic =titude ) :i* he bore num]\s & prolong$ suff]+s = ! fai?4 ,8 unb5d+ or?odoxy & opposition to ! innovations ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 & ,edw>d ,,vi4 m>k$ him out = promotion aft] ! accession ( ,m>y1 & accord+ly we f9d him associat$ ) ! zeal\s primate1 ,dr4 ,d[dall1 9 ! commission to drive f ! sanctu>y all su* z 7 fai?less to _! tru/4 ,dr4 ,wal% 0 consecrat$ ab\t ! close ( #aeed1 & imm$iately appli$ himself ) zeal & en]gy to re=m abuses1 & to heal ! w\nds :i* dur+ ! la/ two reigns _h be5 inflict$ on fai?1 morals1 & discipl9e4 ,! p]iod ( 8 usefulness 01 h[ev]1 de/9$ to be brief1 & he _h "t m]ely to /imulate 8 prie/s & to =tify 8 diocese :5 ! ga!r+ /orm bur/ ov] ! ,iri% *ur*1 & sacrific$ ! ,bi%op ( ,mea? among its fir/ & noble/ victims4 ,que5 ,m>y di$ 9 #aeeh1 & 0 succe$$ by ,elizabe?1 :o at once publicly embrac$ ! re=m$ t5ets1 & proce$$ to h !m en=c$ on all4 ,9 #aefj1 an act 0 pass$1 "u ! deputy%ip ( ! ,e>l ( ,suffolk1 :i* ord]$ all ecclesia/ical p]sons1 judges1 (fic]s1 ju/ices1 mayors1 & all ! o!r que5's (fic]s1 to take ! oa? ( supremacy "u p5alty ( =feiture1 & also enact$ t if any p]son %\ld1 by writ+1 pr9t+1 tea*+1 prea*+1 by express words1 de$1 or act1 ma9ta9 any =eign spiritual jurisdiction1 he %\ld = ! fir/ (f5ce =feit all 8 goods & suff] "o ye>'s imprisonm5t1 = ! second (f5ce %\ld incur ! p5alty ( praemunire1 & = ! ?ird be deem$ guilty ( high treason4 #hdj ,he 0 fir/ imprison$ 9 #aefj1 & aft] a brief respite1 01 9 #aefe1 reconduct$ to 8 =m] prison2 ?is 0 'a subt]rane\s dungeon1 damp & noisome--n a ray ( light p5etrat$ ?i!r2 & = ?irte5 ye>s ?is 0 8 unv>y+ abode4' ,dur+ all t "t 8 food 0 ( ! co>se/ k9d1 &1 ) ! exception ( r>e int]vals1 :5 ! int]cession ( "s influ5tial fri5ds obta9$ a mom5t>y relaxation1 he 0 all[$ no occupation t c\ld *e] ! t$ium ( 8 imprisonm5t4 ,9 all ?is l5g!n$ m>tyrdom1 pray] 0 8 res\rce1 &1 z he himself subsequ5tly av[$1 he (t5-times pass$ :ole days & nights ov]:elm$ ) heav5ly consolations1 s t 8 dungeon seem$ trans=m$ into a p>adise ( delights4 ,to preclude ! possibility ( idl5ess1 he procur$ a b$ made ( twi/$ cords1 & :5soev] 8 m9d 0 fatigu$ ) pray]1 he appli$ himself to untie ^? cords1 & (t5 0 he well we>i$ ) ! ex]tion be=e he c\ld reunite !m to compose himself to sleep4 ,8 p]secutors1 ov]come by 8 con/ancy1 & f9d+ 8 f]vor 9 spiritual contemplation a cont9ual reproa* to _! own wick$ness1 at l5g?1 ab\t ,*ri/mas1 #aegb1 conniv$ at 8 escape4 ,rea*+ ! cont95t1 he di$ at ,alcala1 9 #aegg1 be>+ to ! grave ! m>ks ( 8 ?irte5 ye>s' imprisonm5t4 ,next 9 importance among ! suff]]s = ! fai? 0 a mo/ rem>kable man1 ,david ,wolf1 a native ( ,lim]ick1 a prie/ ( ! ,society ( ,jesus1 ^: labors1 p]ils1 suff]+s ( e k9d1 :ile act+ z nuncio to ! ,pope 9 ,irel& f #aefj to #aegh1 =m ! matt] = a mo/ int]e/+ volume--n only f ! p]sonal int]e/ atta*+ to a man ( 8 ability1 le>n+1 & c\rage1 b f ! influ5ce ex]cis$ by him 9 p]petuat+ ! episcopacy1 &1 consequ5tly1 ! prie/hood & ! fai? 9 ,irel&4 ,! fir/ m>tyr ( :om we h any details is ! ,franciscan1 ,daniel ,o',duillian1 ( ! conv5t ( ,y\ghal1 put to dea? 9 #aefi4 ,indictm5t1 trial1 judge1 or jury seem to h _h no "p 9 8 cause4 ,fa!r ,mooney ?us describes 8 dea? z he obta9$ au!ntic in=mation )9 fifty ye>s aft] its occurr5ce3 ,:5 "o ,capta9 ,dudal 7probably ,d[dall7 ) 8 troop 7 tortur+ him1 by ord] ( ,"l ,ar?ur ,grey1 ! vic]oy1 fir/ !y took him to ! gate :i* is call$ ,tr9ity ,gate1 & ti$ 8 h&s beh9d 8 back1 &1 hav+ fa/5$ heavy /ones to 8 feet1 ?rice pull$ him up ) ropes f ! e>? to ! top ( ! t[]1 & left him hang+ !re = a space4 ,at l5g?1 aft] _m insults & tortures1 he 0 hung ) 8 head d[n & 8 feet 9 ! air1 at ! mill ne> ! mona/]y2 &1 hang+ !re a long "t1 :ile he liv$ he nev] utt]$ an impati5t ^w1 b1 l a good ,*ri/ian1 incessantly repeat$ pray]s1 n[ al\d1 n[ 9 a l[ voice4 ,at l5g? ! soldi]s 7 ord]$ to %oot at him1 z ?\gh he 7 a t>get2 b yet1 t 8 suff]+s might be ! long] & m cruel1 !y might n aim at 8 head or he>t1 b z mu* z !y pleas$ at any o!r "p ( 8 body4 ,aft] he _h receiv$ _m balls1 "o1 ) a cruel m]cy1 load$ 8 gun ) two balls & %ot him ?r\gh ! he>t4 ,?us did he receive ! glori\s cr[n ( m>tyrdom ! #bb;d ( ,april1 9 ! ye> a=esaid4 ,simil> disreg>d ( all law & =ms ( ju/ice appe>s 9 ! t]rible m>tyrdom ( ! ,franciscan ,fa!r ,o',d[d1 :o di$ l ,sir ,john ,nepomuc51 a m>tyr ( ! seal ( confession4 ,) "s o!r prison]s1 he fell1 9 #aegg1 into ! h&s ( ! soldi]s ( ,felton1 !n presid5t ( ,connaught4 #hda ,!y press$ a c]ta9 secul>1 :o 0 "o ( _! captives1 to tell !m some?+ ( ! plots :i* !y said he _h made ) o!rs aga9/ ! que5 ( ,engl&2 b he prote/$ he c\ld tell no?+ b ! tru?1 & t !re 7 no plots2 s !y det]m9$ to hang him4 ,:5 !y said ?is1 he begg$ he might be all[$ to make 8 confession to ,fa!r ,o',d[d2 ?is !y grant$ ! m readily t !y ?\ght ! prie/1 if he 7 tortur$1 w\ld reveal :at might be told him4 ,z soon z ! confession 0 ov]1 ! secul> 0 hung2 & !n !y ask$ ! prie/1 :o 0 also to be hung1 if he _h le>n$ aught ( ! bus9ess 9 confession4 ,he answ]$ 9 ! negative1 &1 refus+ to reveal any?+ ( a confession1 !y (f]$ him life & fre$om if he w\ld reveal1 & ?reat5$ torture if he refus$4 ,he answ]$ he c\ld n1 & !y imm$iately knott$ a cord r\nd 8 =ehead1 &1 ?ru/+ a piece ( wood ?r\gh x1 sl[ly twi/$ x s tightly t at l5g?1 aft] endur+ ?is torm5t = a long "t1 8 skull 0 brok5 91 &1 ! bra9 be+ cru%$1 he di$1 ,june #i?1 #aegg4 ,fa!r ,mooney record$ ?is horrid /atem5t f ! lips ( "s ( ! v soldi]y :o p]petrat$ x4 ,:5 ,dr4 ,patrick ,o',hely1 ,bi%op ( ,mayo1 & 8 companion1 ,fa!r ,cornelius ,o',rorke1 7 arre/$ 9 ! ,c\nty ,k]ry1 soon aft] l&+1 !y 7 load$ ) *a9s & imprison$ 9 ,lim]ick till ,sir ,william ,drury arriv$4 ,! two prison]s 7 fir/ plac$ on ! rack1 _! arms & feet 7 beat5 ) hamm]s1 s t _! ?igh-bones 7 brok51 & %>p iron po9ts & ne$les 7 cruelly ?ru/ "u _! nails1 :i* caus$ an extreme agony ( suff]+4 ,= a consid]able "t !y 7 subject$ to ^! tortures1 :i* ! holy confessors bore pati5tly = ! love ( ,*ri/1 mutually exhort+ ea* o!r to con/ancy & p]sev]ance4 ,at l5g? !y 7 tak5 f ! rack1 & hang$ f ! bran*es ( a neighbor+ tree4 ,_! bodies 7 left susp5d$ !re = f\rte5 days1 & 7 us$ 9 ! int]im z a t>get by ! brutal soldi]y4 ,"h began1 x w be se51 a sort ( process1 or at lea/ arraignm5t1 torture1 & execution2 al?\gh any?+ l a trial is want+4 ,b 9 ! fe>ful dea?s ( ,rev4 ,daniel ,o',nielan1 7,m>* #bh?1 #aehj17 ,rev4 ,maurice ,k9rehan1 ,rev4 ,maurice ,scanlan1 & 8 companions1 ,footnote #bic 9 ! same ye>1 no pret5ce ( exam9ation 0 made2 ! soldi]y ei!r kill+ !m on ! spot1 or wreak+ on !m any & e cruelty t wanton malignity c\ld devise or sugge/4 ,footnote #bic3 ,^! ?ree 9 #aehj1 & ! ?ree ,franciscans1 ( ! same names1 ne>ly & at ! same places 9 #aehb1 mu/ be id5tical4 ,9 ! case ( ! h]oic ,ci/]cian1 ,abbot ( ,boyle1 ,fa!r ,gelasius ,o',quill5an1 & 8 companions1 arre/$ :ile 9 ,dubl91 9 #aehj1 !re 0 n ! wanton cruelty ( lawless soldi]s1 or ! m]e blood?ir/9ess ( (fic]s accu/om$ to e b>b>ity4 ,"h ! action proce$$ f ! v highe/ ,engli% au?ority 9 ,irel&1 9 ! days ( ,"l ,coke1 :o tells u 9 ^? legal treatises :i* h come d[n to u z oracles1 t he nev] knew ( torture hav+ be5 us$ 9 ,engl&4 ,! abbot & 8 companions und]w5t prelim9>y exam9ations4 ,john ,o',g>v91 !n ,prote/ant ,dean ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 0 among ^? :o assi/$ at 8 fir/ int]rogatory1 &1 hav+ propos$ _m inducem5ts to ! abbot 'to ab&on ! popi% cre$1' ,gelasius 9 reply1 reprov$ him = pref]r+ ! deceitful vanities ( ?is _w to ! la/+ joys ( et]nity1 & exhort$ him 'to r5\nce ! errors & iniquity ( h]esy by :i* he _h hi!rto w>r$ aga9/ ,god1 & to make am5ds = ! pa/ by jo9+ ) him 9 pr(ess+ ! "n ( ,*ri/1 t he might ?us become wor?y to receive a heav5ly cr[n4' ,! holy abbot & 8 companion 7 !n subject$ to torture1 &1 among _! o!r suff]+s1 we f9d x commemorat$ t _! arms & legs 7 brok5 by repeat$ bl[s1 & fire 0 appli$ to _! feet4 ,! only words ( ,gelasius dur+ all ?is torture 71 ',?\gh y %\ld (f] me ! pr9c$om ( ,engl&1 ,i w n =feit my et]nal rew>d4' ,s5t5ce ( dea? be+ pass$ aga9/ !m1 !y 7 l$ out ) all possible ignom9y to execution4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 7 fill$ ) consolation2 ! sight ( ! joy\s suff]]s excit$ ! admiration ( ! assembl$ multitude1 & _m ev5 ( ! h]etics decl>$ t !y 7 m l angels ?an m54 #hdb ,x 0 on ! #ba/ ,novemb]1 #aehj1 t !y 7 happily cr[n$ ) m>tyrdom4 ,! g>m5ts :i* !y wore1 & ! implem5ts ( _! torture1 7 eag]ly pur*as$ by ! ,ca?olics1 & *]i%$ by !m ) religi\s v5]ation4 ,nor c x be said t 9 ! use ( torture ?us us$ to wr+ f ! ,iri% cl]gy admissions to ju/ify _! execution1 ! au?orities 9 ,dubl9 act$ )\t ! k or cons5t ( ! que54 ,any su* pretext is at once scatt]$ to ! w9ds by ,engli% records 9 ! case ( "o ( ! mo/ illu/ri\s m>tyrs 9 ! :ole honor$ li/ ( ,irel&'s witnesses = ! fai?--,d]mod ,o',hurley1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,ca%el4 ,! bir?place ( ?is glori\s m>tyr 0 a little village 9 ! diocese ( ,lim]ick1 less ?an ?ree miles f t city1 call$ ,lycodoon1 :]e 8 p>5ts liv$ respectably by f>m+1 bo? ( tillage & cattle2 !y 7 held 9 good e/imation by _! neighbors1 bo? ri* & poor1 especially ,james ,g]ald9e1 ,e>l ( ,desmond4 ,hav+ !n be5 rais$ to ! episcopacy by ,gregory ,,xiii41 & nam$ ,ar*bi%op ( ,ca%el1 he took 8 r\te t[>d ,irel&4 ,at ,wat]=d he 0 detect$ by a ,prote/ant nam$ ,baal1 on ^: in=mation he 0 pursu$ to ! ,ca/le ( ,slane1 :]e he _h1 inde$1 tak5 refuge = a "t1 b _h proce$$ fur!r4 ,:5 ,"l ,slane f\nd himself 9 dang]1 he jo9$ 9 ! pursuit ( ! ar*bi%op1 &1 ov]tak+ him at ,c>rick-on-,suir1 induc$ him to proce$ to ,dubl91 :]e 8 arrival is not$ by ,ar*bi%op ,l(tus & ,sir ,h4 ,wallop1 9 a lett] to ,rob]t ,beale1 tempor>y *ief secret>y to ! que51 dat$ ,oct4 #h?1 #aehc1 & /ill pres]v$ 9 ! ,public ,record ,(fice 9 ,london4 ,9 a subsequ5t lett]1 on ! #aj? ( ,decemb]1 address$ to ,sir ,francis ,wals+ham1 !y say3 ,among o!r lett]s direct$ to u1 & br\ght by ?is la/ passage1 we receiv$ "o f y\r honor decl>+ h] ,maje/y's pleasure = ! proce$+ ) ,dr4 ,hurley by torture or any o!r sev]e mann] ( proce$+ to ga9 8 k ( all =eign practices aga9/ h] maje/y's /ate1 :]e9 we p>tly =ebore to deal till n[4 ,!n !y rem>k1 = t we want "h ei!r rack or o!r eng9e ( torture to t]rify him 444 ! ,t[] ( ,london %\ld be a bett] s*ool ?an ! ,ca/le ( ,dubl9 444 we d wi% t we _h directions to s5d him ?i!r4 ,! pretext "h 0 %all[2 !re 0 wit en\gh 9 ! dom9ant p>ty 9 ,irel& to inv5t any necess>y racks4 ,wals+ham evid5tly direct$ !m to proce$ 9 ,dubl91 & himself sugge/$ ! mode ( torture4 ,on ! #g? ( ,m>*1 #aehd1 !y aga9 write1 ,we made commission to ,mr4 ,wat]h\se & ,mr4 ,secret>y ,f5ton to put him to ! torture su* z y\r honor advis$ u1 :i* 01 to toa/ 8 feet aga9/ ! fire ) hot boots4 ,:at ^! ,wals+ham boots 71 we le>n f contempor>y /atem5ts tak5 d[n f eye-witnesses4 ,! execution]s plac$ ! ar*bi%op's feet & calves 9 t9 boots fill$ ) oil2 !y !n fa/5$ 8 feet 9 wood5 %ackles or /ocks1 & plac$ fire "u !m4 ,! boil+ oil s p5etrat$ ! feet & legs t morsels ( ! sk9 & ev5 fle% fell (f & left ! bone b>e4 ,! (fic] ^: duty x 0 to preside ov] ! torture1 unus$ to su* unhe>d-( suff]+1 & unable to look ^u su* an inhuman spectacle1 or to he> ! pite\s cries ( ! innoc5t prelate1 sudd5ly left 8 seat & quitt$ ! place4 7,pages #ia-b47 ,all ?is fail$ to extort f him any?+ to ju/ify 8 arraignm5t ev51 ?\gh ! torture 0 cont9u$ till ! execution]s believ$ life ext9ct1 & ha/ily endeavor$ to re/ore animation2 = he lo/ all voice & s5se1 & :5 tak5 out lay on ! gr\nd l dead4 7,ib4 #ic47 #hdc ,! lords ju/ices 7 9 great p]plexity4 ,! judges1 on be+ consult$1 _h positively decl>$ t1 z no act ( treason _h be5 committ$ by him 9 ,irel&1 he c\ld n by law be arraign$4 ,_! op9ion1 /ill pres]v$ 9 ! ,public ,record ,(fice1 is giv5 by our au?or1 7p4 #aji47 ,aga9 !y apply to ,wals+ham1 & ! :ole passage is s curi\s t we cite x at l5g?3 ,& h]e9 we ?\ght good to rememb] y\r honor by way ( our op9ion t1 consid]+ h[ ob/9ate & wilful we f9d him e way1 if he %\ld be ref]r$ to a public trial1 8 impud5t & clamor\s d5ial might d great h>m to ! ill-affect$ "h1 :o 9 tro? h no small admiration ( him4 ,& yet1 hav+ _h conf]5ce ) "s ( ! be/ lawy]s 9 ! l&1 we f9d t !y make a scruple to arraign him "h1 = t 8 treasons 7 committ$ 9 =eign p>ts1 ! /atute 9 t behalf be+ n "h z x is 9 ,engl&4 ,& !re=e we ?9k x n amiss 7if x be all[$ ( !re7 to h him execut$ by m>tial law1 aga9/ :i* he c h no j *all5ge1 = t he ha? nei!r l&s nor goods1 & z by t way may be avoid$ _m h>ms1 :i* by 8 pres5ce1 /&+ at ord9>y trial1 & reta9+ /ill 8 =m] impud5ce & negative prote/ations1 he may d to ! p4 ,! idea ( any man impud5tly object+ to submit to ! honor ( be+ execut$ by m>tial law1 :5 a trial at law mu/ result 9 8 acquittal1 is inde$ extraord9>y1 & suffici5t to disquiet ,*ri/ian rul]s4 ,elizabe? reliev$ !m4 ,a lett] ( ,april #bi?1 #aehd1 ann\nc$ h] maje/y's resolution = ! c\rse to behold5 ) ,hurley1 namely1 t !y %\ld proce$ to 8 execution 7if x might be7 by ord9>y trial by law1 or o!rwise1 by m>tial law4 ,l(tus & ,wallop1 accord+ly1 on ! #ai? ( ,june1 #aehd1 gave w>rant to ! knight-m>%al 9 h] maje/y's "n to d execution ^u him4 7,lett] ,july #i?1 #aehd47 ,accord+ly1 on ,friday be=e ,tr9ity-,sunday1 ,hurley--^: w\nds _h be5 s skilfully treat$ by a ,jesuit :o 0 enabl$ to rea* him1 z to enable ! holy suff]] to rega9 suffici5t /r5g? to sit up & ev5 re/ on 8 feet--0 ord]$ to prep>e = execution4 ,he 0 tak5 out at e>ly dawn1 amid ! cries ( 8 fell[ ,ca?olic prison]s1 proclaim+ 8 innoc5ce1 "o bi%op1 :o 0 expiat+ 9 fett]s a guilty pusillanimity1 exclaim+ t he himself1 = ! sc&al he _h giv51 des]v$ to die1 b t ! ar*bi%op 0 an innoc5t & holy man4 ,he 0 drawn on a hurdle ?r\gh ! g>d5 gate to a wood ne> ! city1 & !re he 0 hang$ on a )ey1 call+ on ,god1 & =giv+ 8 tortur]s ) all 8 he>t4 ,at ev5+ 8 body 0 buri$ 9 ! half-ru9$ *ur* ( ,/4 ,kev94 ,s great 0 ! v5]ation felt = ?is holy man1 t ! *ur* 0 re/or$ to satisfy ! devotion ( ^? :o flock$ to ! spot to recomm5d !mselves to 8 pray]s1 & _m ( :om av]r$ t miracles 7 wr\ght !re4 ,elizabe? & ! m9i/]s ( h] godless tyranny1 9 ?us trampl+ on law & ju/ice1 _h ga9$ no?+ t[>d ! advancem5t ( ! new doctr9es 9 ,irel&4 ,! dea? ( ,dr4 ,hurley b confirm$ ! ,iri% ,ca?olics m immovably 9 ! fai?4 #hdd ,9 ano!r case1 ,dr4 ,ri*>d ,creagh1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,armagh1 :o escap$ f ! ,t[] ( ,london 9 #aefe1 b1 aft] two ye>s' labors 9 ,irel&1 0 seiz$ 9 ,connaught 9 #aefg1 ! gov]nm5t v5tur$ on a trial at law2 b ! jury acquitt$ him4 ,little did ?is avail3 he 0 kept a prison]1 b at la/ effect$ 8 escape1 &1 = a %ort "t1 labor$ to console ! afflict$ ,ca?olics4 ,fall+ aga9 into ! h&s ( ! p]secutors1 he 0 s5t to ,engl&1 & di$ ( poison 9 ! ,t[] ( ,london1 7,oct4 #ad?1 #aehe17 leav+ "o ( ! mo/ v5]at$ names 9 ! annals ( ! ,iri% *ur*4 ,ano!r prelate1 ,murlagh ,o',bri51 ,bi%op ( ,emly1 di$ ! same ye> 9 prison1 at ,dubl91 aft] und]go+ tortures4 ,! int]e/+ biography ( ano!r m>tyr1 ,rev4 ,maurice ,k9re*t91 gives a picture ( a ,ca?olic ,ea/] dur+ ^! d>k ages 9 ,irel& t is too t\*+ to omit4 ,x is 9 a lett] f ,fa!r ,rob]t ,ro*=t3 ',i s5d y an acc\nt ( ! glori\s m>tyrdom ( a fri5d ( m9e1 ,maurice ,k9re*t91 a pi\s prie/1 *apla9 to ! ,e>l ( ,desmond1 :om y "k4 ,he 0 = ?is cause tak5 prison] by ! ,engli%1 & tak5 to y\r native t[n ( ,clonmel1 :]e he lay 9 prison = m ?an a ye>4 ,on ! eve ( ,ea/]1 #aehe1 ,victor ,:ite1 "o ( ! pr9cipal citiz5s ( ,clonmel & a pi\s ,ca?olic1 obta9$ f ! head jail] p]mission = ! prie/ to pass ! night 9 8 h\se2 ?is ! jail] agre$ to1 b secretly in=m$ ! ,presid5t ( ,mun/]1 an ,engli% h]etic1 :o *anc$ to be 9 ! t[n1 t1 if he wi%$1 he might easily seize all ! pr9cipal citiz5s :ile he>+ mass 9 ! h\se ( ,mr4 ,:ite at daybreak2 at ! same "t he b>ga9$ to be paid = 8 p]fidy4 ,at ! h\r agre$ on1 ! soldi]s ru%$ into ! h\se & seiz$ on ,victor2 b all ! o!rs1 he>+ ! noise1 tri$ to escape by ! back-doors & w9d[s2 a c]ta9 matron1 try+ to escape1 fell & broke h] arm4 ,! soldi]s f\nd ! *alice & o!r ?+s = mass2 !y s\ght ev]y:]e = ! prie/1 7:o _h n yet begun ! mass17 & came at l5g? to a heap ( /raw1 "u :i* he lay hid1 &1 ?ru/+ _! swords ?r\gh x1 w\nd$ him 9 ! ?igh2 b he pres]v$ sil5ce1 &1 ?r\gh fe> ( worse1 conceal$ 8 suff]+1 & soon aft] escap$ f ! t[n into ! c\ntry4 ,b ! intrepid ,victor 7:o1 al?\gh he _h = ?is reason suff]$ mu*1 c\ld nev] be induc$ to att5d ! conv5ticles ( ! h]etics7 0 ?r[n into prison because he w\ld n give up ! prie/1 & w\ld1 no d\bt1 h be5 put to dea?1 _h n ,maurice1 he>+ ( ! dang] ( 8 fri5d1 volunt>ily surr5d]$ himself to ! presid5t1 %[+ a fri5d%ip truly ,*ri/ian4 ,! presid5t upbraid$ him mu*1 &1 hav+ s5t5c$ him to dea?1 (f]$ him 8 life if he w\ld abjure our ,ca?olic fai? & pr(ess ! que5 to be head ( ! *ur*4 ,!re came to him also a prea*]1 & /rove long1 b 9 va91 to s$uce ! m>tyr2 nor w\ld he on any acc\nt betray any ( ^? :o _h he>d 8 mass1 or to :om he _h at any "t adm9i/]$ ! sacram5ts4 ,at l5g? he 0 dragg$ at ! tail ( a horse to ! place ( execution z a traitor4 ,be+ come !re1 he dev\tly & le>n$ly exhort$ ! p to con/ancy 9 ! fai?4 ,! execution] cut him d[n f ! gall[s :5 yet half alive1 & cut (f 8 sacr$ head1 & ! m9i/] /ruck x 9 ! face4 ,!n ! ,ca?olics by pray]s & bribes obta9$ ( ! execution]s t !y %\ld n lac]ate 8 body any fur!r1 & !y buri$ x z honorably z !y c\ld4 ,f>ewell1 & peace 9 ! ,"l1 & be ye imitators--if occasion (f]s--( ! c\rage\s ,maurice ,k9re*t91 & till !n prep>e y\r s\ls = ! trial4 ,y\r devot$ s]vant1 dat$ f ! ,college ( ,/4 ,an?ony1 #aehf1 #bj? ,m>*1 ,rob]t ,ro*=t4 ,?us x w5t on dur+ ! reign ( ,elizabe?4 ,! ye> #aehh witness$ _m hang$1 drawn1 & qu>t]$--! ,rev4 ,pet] ,mill]1 at ,wex=d2 ,pet] ,meyl]1 at ,galway1 & ,maurice ,eu/ace--bo? c&idates = ! prie/hood1 ! ,franciscan fa!rs1 ,o',molloy1 ,dogh]ty1 & ,f]rall1 at ,abbeyleix4 ,! next ye> ano!r ( ! same ord] at ,clonmel4 ,curry1 9 8 ,civil ,w>s 9 ,irel&1 ?us sums up o!r examples3 #hde ,john ,/eph5s1 prie/1 = t he said mass to ,teague ,mc,hugh1 0 hang$ & qu>t]$ by ! ,"l ,burr\ghs1 9 #aeig2 ,?ady ,o',boyle1 gu>dian ( ! mona/]y ( ,donegal1 0 sla9 by ! ,engli% 9 8 own mona/]y2 six fri>s 7 sla9 9 ! mona/]y ( ,moynihigan2 ,john ,o',calyhor & ,bryan ,o',trevor1 ( ! ord] ( ,/4 ,b]n>d1 7 sla9 9 _! own mona/]y1 ,de ,sancta ,m>ia1 9 ,ul/]2 z also ,felimy ,o',h>a1 a lay-bro!r2 s 0 ,a,eneas ,p5ny1 p>i% prie/ ( ,killagh1 sla9 at ! alt> 9 8 p>i% *ur* !re2 ,cahill ,mc,goran2 ,rory ,o',donnellan2 ,pet] ,mc,quillan2 ,patrick ,o',k5na2 ,george ,p[]1 vic>-g5]al ( ! diocese ( ,ossory2 ,&rew ,/rit*1 ( ,lim]ick2 ,bryan ,o',murihirtagh1 vic>-g5]al ( ! diocese ( ,clonf]t2 ,dorogh[ ,o',mol[ny1 ( ,?omond2 ,john ,kelly1 ( ,l\?2 ,/eph5 ,patrick1 ( ,annaly2 ,john ,pillis1 fri>2 ,rory ,mc,henlea2 ,tirilagh ,mc,inisky1 a lay-bro!r4 ,all ^? t come aft] ,a,eneas ,p5ny1 toge!r ) ,walt] ,f]nan1 prie/1 di$ 9 ! ,ca/le ( ,dubl91 ei!r ?r\gh h>d usage & re/ra9t or ! viol5ce ( torture4 ,to :om may be add$ ! ,rev4 ,george ,p[]2 ,rev4 ,john ,wal%2 ,bi%op ,brady1 ( ,kilmore1 & 8 companions1 ^: suff]+s are "h mo/ t\*+ly giv52 ! ,rev4 ,donatus ,o',mollony1 s tortur$ by iron boots & ?umbscrews1 z well z ! rack--( all :i* !re 0 n[1 app>5tly1 a full supply 9 ,irel&--t he di$ a few h\rs aft]4 ,b s+le executions 7 n prompt en\gh4 ,9 #afjb1 ! au?orities intimat$ t su* ( ! cl]gy z pres5t$ !mselves to ! magi/rates w\ld be all[$ to take _! dep>ture f ! k+dom4 ,=ty-two1 secul> prie/s & fa!rs ( ! ,dom9ican & ,ci/]cian ord]s1 believ+ t a ,prote/ant gov]nm5t w\ld keep fai? ) ,ca?olics1 accept$ ! (f]1 & assembl+1 z direct$1 at ,inniscatt]y1 7 put on bo>d a vessel ( w> to sail = ,france4 ,b no soon] _h !y rea*$ ! broad ,atlantic1 ?an ! :ole ( ^! prie/s 7 ?r[n ov]bo>d4 ,on ! return ( ! vessel to port1 great indignation 0 pret5d$ by ! au?orities1 & ! que5 ca%i]$ ! (fic]s2 :ile !y 71 9 fact1 secretly rew>d$4 ,?is m>tyrdom1 fe>ful = its trea*]y1 & ! numb] ( ! prie/ly victims1 clos$1 s to say1 ! reign ( bloody ,elizabe?4 ,! hatr$ ( ,ca?olicity 0 int5se2 b yet !re 0 app>5t f fir/ to la/1 a s5se ( respect = ! op9ion ( ! ,ca?olic p[]s1 an attempt to ju/ify ! executions by color ( law1 or excuse !m z un9t5d$ acts ( sev]ity 9 putt+ d[n revolts or conduct+ milit>y op]ations4 ,:5 ! son ( ,m>y1 h]self a m>tyr & suff]]1 asc5d$ ! ?rone1 8 accession 0 hail$ by ! ,ca?olic ,iri% ) a bur/ ( joy4 ,a pr9ce ( _! own race1 !y c\ld reg>d him ) feel+s nev] awak5$ by =m] sov]eigns ( ,engl&4 ,! memory ( 8 "m w\ld h b\nd !m to him4 ,he might h r5d]$ ,irel& a happy c\ntry4 ,l$ away by ?is vision1 ! ,iri% ,ca?olics op5ly celebrat$ ! long proscrib$ wor%ip2 b !y soon 7 rudely awak5$ f _! delusion4 ,! glori\s army ( m>tyrs "u ,james ,i4 beg9s ) ,r$mond ,o',gallagh]1 ,bi%op ( ,d]ry1 hack$ to pieces by a p>ty ( horse 9 #afjd4 ,among all ! m>tyrs ( ?is reign1 h[ev]1 ! mo/ illu/ri\s 0 ,cornelius ,o',dovany1 ,bi%op ( ,d[n & ,connor1 put to dea? at ,dubl91 ,febru>y #a/1 #afaa4 ,at an e>ly age he embrac$ ! rule ( ,/4 ,francis1 & became a model ( piety & pati5ce4 ,rais$ to ! p]il\s dignity ( ! episcopate1 he labor$ /r5u\sly to fulfil its duties4 ,at la/1 he 0 arre/$ & s5t to ,dubl9 ,ca/le1 :]e he ne>ly p]i%$ f want ( food & ( all com=ts4 ,z ! p]secutors admitt$ t !y c\ld n legally compass 8 dea?1 he 0 at la/ releas$4 ,b x 0 only = a "t4 ,seiz+ z a pretext 8 pres5ce 9 ! di/rict held by ! ,e>l ( ,tyrone 9 8 ris+ aga9/ ! cr[n1 !y aga91 9 ,june1 #afaa1 committ$ him to 8 =m] prison4 ,he 0 !n br\ght to trial1 &1 al?\gh he plead$ ! ,act ( ,oblivion1 :i* cle>ly cov]$ 8 case1 ! gov]nm5t1 gr[n wis] 9 its malice1 pack$ a jury1 & obta9$ a v]dict4 #hdf ,our au?or ?us describes 8 m>tyrdom f contempor>y n>ratives3 ,! #a/ ( ,febru>y1 at f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 he 0 call$ to m\nt ! c>t :i*1 surr\nd$ by gu>ds1 /ood at ! prison door4 ,:5 ! holy bi%op came 9 sight ( t triumphal *>iot1 he sigh$ & said1 ',my ,"l ,jesus1 = my sake1 w5t on foot1 be>+ 8 cross1 to ! m\nta9 :]e he suff]$2 & mu/ ,i be borne 9 a c>t1 z ?\gh unwill+ to die = him1 :5 ,i w\ld ha/5 ) will+ feet to t glory8 ,w\ld t ,i might be> my cross & ha/5 on my feet to meet my ,"l6' ,turn+ to 8 fell[-suff]]1 ,patrick1 he said1 ',come1 my brave comrade & wor?y soldi] ( ,*ri/1 let u imitate 8 dea? z be/ we may :o 0 l$ to ! slaught] z a %eep be=e ! %e>]4 ,!n b5d+ d[n & kiss+ ! c>t1 he m\nt$ up into x1 & sat d[n ) 8 back to ! horses1 & 0 ?us drawn ?r\gh ! pav$ /reets to ! field :]e ! gall[s 0 erect$4 ,cornelius1 :5 he 0 come to ! place ( sacrifice1 be+ solicit\s = ! con/ancy ( 8 colleague1 begg$ t ,patrick might be put to dea? fir/2 = he fe>$ le/1 by ! sight ( 8 dea? & ! wiles ( ! ,calv9i/s1 ,patrick might be induc$ to yield to human weakness4 ,b z 8 wi% w\ld n be grant$1 ,fa!r ,patrick assur$ ! bi%op he might lay aside all fe> = him4 ',?\gh1' said he1 ',i w\ld desire to die fir/1 & be /r5g!n$ 9 my agony by y\r pat]nal *>ity1 s9ce we are giv5 up to ! w ( o!rs1 g1 happy fa!r1 & fe> n = my con/ancy2 aid me by y\r pray]s ) ,god1 by ^: help ,i am sure t nei!r dea? nor life1 nor pr9cipalities nor p[]s1 nor ?+s pres5t nor ?+s to come1 nor any o!r creature1 %all sep>ate me f ! love ( ,*ri/1 or f my companion%ip ) y4' ,rejoic$ at ^! words1 ,cornelius ?rew himself on 8 knees1 b _h only brea!d a ha/y pray] 7:i* yet rea*$ ,god 9 heav57 :5 ! c\ncillors1 ! capta9 & gu>d call$ out to make an end quickly4 ,! field1 situat$ to ! nor? ( ! city1 :i* w\ld easily hold #cjjj p]sons1 0 cr[d$4 ,! execution] 0 an ,engli%man & a ,prote/ant1 7= no ,iri%man c\ld be f\nd :o w\ld /a9 himself ) ! blood ( ! bi%op17 :o 0 condemn$ to dea? = robb]y1 & 0 promis$ 8 life = act+ z execution] on ?is occasion4 ,yet1 ?\gh he _h ?us pur*as$ 8 life1 he 0 t\*$ ) rev]5ce & compassion = ! gray hairs ( ! bi%op1 & pray$ 8 p>don1 & ) trembl+ h&s adju/$ ! noose4 ,! mom5t ! bi%op m\nt$ ! fir/ /ep ( ! ladd]1 & 8 head 0 se5 above ! cr[d1 a great %\t & groans bur/ f all ! spectators4 ,!n ! m9i/] ,*allon]1 furi\s at ! cries ( pity rais$ by ! p1 said to ! bi%op3 ',:y delude ye ! ignorant p8 ,:y end ye y\r life ) a lie1 & a va9 boa/ ( m>tyrdom8 ,tell ! multitude t ye are traitors1 & t x is = treason & n = religion ye suff]4' ,to ^! unju/ words ! bi%op answ]$3 ',f> be x f u1 :o are ab\t to appe> be=e ! tribunal ( ,*ri/1 to impose ^u ! p4 ,b also f> be x f u to confess ourselves guilty ( crimes ( :i* our consci5ce tells u we are innoc5t4 ,nor yet d we va9ly ambition ! title ( m>tyrs1 ?\gh = u to die = ,*ri/ is ga94 ,y "k t y are y\rself guilty ( t prev>ication ( :i* y accuse u2 = b a few h\rs ago1 s5t z y said by ! vic]oy1 y (f]$ u life & fre$om if we w\ld subscribe to y\r h]esy4 ,leave u1 !n1 son ( d>kness1 & calumniate n our innoc5ce4' ,!n ! m9i/] dep>t$ & left ! m>tyrs 9 peace4 ,z !y m\nt$ ! middle ( ! ladd]1 aga9 !re rose ! cry ( ! p2 & a ?ird "t1 :5 he 0 ab\t to be ?r[n (f1 ! groans ( ^? :o beat _! brea/s rose l\d] ?an be=e4 ,?rice he pray$1 z he /ood !re3 once = all ! by/&]s2 secondly1 = ! city ( ,dubl91 & all ! ,ca?olics ( ?is k+dom1 t !y may s]ve ,god pi\sly1 fai?fully1 & p]sev]+ly2 a ?ird "t he pray$ = all h]etics1 & = 8 p]secutors1 t !y might be conv]t$ f ! evil ( _! ways4 ,! ,bi%op's head 0 h>dly cut (f :5 an ,iri%man seiz$ x1 &1 ru%+ into ! c5tre ( ! cr[d1 0 nev] f\nd1 al?\gh ! vic]oy (f]$ a rew>d ( =ty p\nds ( silv]4 ,! ,ca?olics ga!r$ up 8 blood1 & cont5d$ = 8 g>m5ts1 despite ! resi/ance ( ! soldi]y4 #hdg ,! prie/ ,patrick foll[$ ! same road1 s++1 z he m\nt$ ! ladd]1 ! canticle ( ,simeon1 ',n[1 ,o ,"l6 dismiss ?y s]vant 9 peace1' &1 aft] ! example ( ! bi%op1 he pray$ = ! by/&]s1 bless$ !m1 & =gave all 8 enemies4 ,! rope be+ put r\nd 8 neck1 he hung = a %ort "t1 0 !n cut d[n half alive1 mutilat$1 & cut 9 pieces4 ,! soldi]s1 w>n$ by ! loss ( ! bi%op's head1 resi/$ ! un>m$ cr[d1 :o /rove to cat* ! m>tyr's blood & o!r relics1 & w\nd$ _m4 ,! day aft]1 ! bodies 7 buri$ at ! gall[s' foot1 b 9 ! /illness ( ! night 7 remov$ by ! ,ca?olics to a *apel4 ,we _c ent] on ! o!r suff]]s ( ?is reign ^: records are c>efully collect$ 9 ! ,memorials4 ,! reign ( ,*>les ,i4 op5s ) ! deeply int]e/+ life ( ,francis ,sl+sby1 %[+ h[1 ev5 amid all ! t]rible p]secutions ( ! *ur*1 ,god call$ 8 own elect to ! light ( 8 tru?1 & end[$ !m ) firmness4 ,he 0 a son ( ,sir ,francis ,sl+sby1 an ,engli% knight settl$ 9 ,irel&1 & 0 born 9 #afaa4 ,aft] be+ educat$ at ,ox=d1 he travell$ on ! cont95t1 & at ,rome 0 conv]t$ to ! fai?2 &1 at ! tomb ( ,/4 ,aloysius1 firmly resolv$ to ent] ! ,society ( ,jesus4 ,at ! e>ne/ entreaty ( 8 fa!r & "m1 he return$ to ,irel&2 b aft] an int]view ) ,ar*bi%op ,u%] & ,"l ,/raf=d1 he 0 ?r[n into prison4 ,c>d9al ,b>b]9i ex]t$ 8 influ5ce ) ! que5 ( ,engl&1 &1 9 ,may1 #afce1 he 0 admitt$ to bail4 ,8 /ay 9 ,irel& 0 n fruitless2 = he conv]t$ 8 "m1 8 y\ng] bro!r1 8 si/]1 & sev]al o!rs4 ,?is increas$ 8 dang]s1 &1 ! ,g5]al ( ! ,society urg+ him to come at once to ,rome1 he proce$$ ?i!r 9 #afcf2 b le>n+ t 8 fri5d ,spreul1 :om he _h conv]t$1 & won to ! ord] he himself _h *os51 _h be5 /ruck d[n by disease1 he return$ to ,irel&1 t5d$ him 9 8 illness1 & !n bo? rea*$ ,rome 9 #afci4 ,r5\nc+ all 8 worldly prospects 9 favor ( 8 bro!r1 he began 8 /udies1 &1 aft] 8 ord9ation1 ent]$ ! novitiate ( ! ,society ( ,jesus 9 #afda2 b di$ at ,naples be=e he c\ld return to ,irel& to labor 9 ! field :]e 8 words1 example1 & fett]s _h prea*$ s eloqu5tly4 ,! sket* ( ?is h]oic "y man1 & t ( ,maurice ,eu/ace1 son ( ,sir ,john ,eu/ace1 & a novice 9 ! ,society ( ,jesus1 :o1 return+ to 8 family by p]mission ( 8 sup]iors1 0 seiz$1 tri$1 hung1 drawn1 & qu>t]$1 on ! #i? ( ,june1 #aehh1 =m a mo/ int]e/+ addition to our biographies1 & %[ u 9 ,irel&1 two "y imitators ( ,/4 ,aloysius & ,/4 ,/anislaus1 ^: virtues & example c be held up to ! "y ) ! p[] t fl[s f ! fact t !y liv$ among sc5es & trials s famili> to u4 ,:5 ! civil w> began betwe5 ! ,puritans & ,*>les ,i41 ! p]secution1 bitt] already "u ! k+1 became fi5di% "u ! ,p>liam5t4 ,hi!rto "s =m1 "s limit1 _h be5 obs]v$2 b ! ,puritans revell$ 9 blood ) all ! f]ocity ( tig]s1 & ) z little scruple4 ,! ,p>liam5t ( ,engl& resolv$1 on ! #bd? ( ,octob]1 #afdd1 't no qu>t] %all be giv5 to any ,iri%man1 or to ayn papi/ born 9 ,irel&2' & _! hi/orian1 ,borlase1 adds1 ',! ord]s ( ,p>liam5t 7 excell5tly well execut$4' 7,hi/1 ( ,rebellion1 p4 #fb47 ,lel& & ,w>n] ref] to ! lett]s ( ! lords-ju/ices = ! fact t ! soldi]s 'slew all p]sons promiscu\sly1 n sp>+ ev5 ! wom54' ,cromwell decl>$ on l&+ 9 ,dubl9 t no m]cy %\ld be %[n to ! ,iri%1 & t !y %\ld be dealt ) z ! ,canaanites 9 ,jo%ua's "t4 ,x is impossible to e/imate ! numb] ( ,ca?olics sla9 9 ! t5 ye>s f #afdb to #afeb4 ,?ree bi%ops & m ?an #cjj prie/s 7 put to dea? = ! fai?4 #hdh ,?\s&s ( m51 wom51 & *ildr5 7 sold z slaves = ! ,we/ ,indies2 ,sir ,w4 ,petty m5tions t six ?\s& boys & wom5 7 ?us sold4 7,political ,anatomy ( ,irel&1 p4 #ahg47 ,a lett] writt5 9 #afef1 quot$ by ,l+>d1 puts ! numb] at #fj1jjj2 z late z #afff !re 7 #ab1jjj ,iri% slaves scatt]$ among ! ,we/ ,indian ,isl&s4 7,lett] ( ,rev4 ,j4 ,grace1 writt5 9 #affi1 ap4 ,moran1 p4 #adg47 #dj1jjj ,iri% ,ca?olics fl$ to ! cont95t1 & #bj1jjj took refuge 9 ! ,hebrides & o!r ,scotti% isl&s4 7,moran1 p4 #ii47 ,9 a ^w1 z ,sir ,w4 ,petty writes1 ! population ( ,irel& 9 #afda 0 #a1dff1jjj1 ( :om ,ca?olics 7 ab\t #a1bdj1jjj2 9 #afei1 ! :ole population 0 only #ejj1jia1 ( :om ,iri% 7 only #dbj1jjj1 s t v ne>ly or q "o million mu/ h p]i%$4 7,sir ,w4 ,petty1 ,polit4 ,anat4 p4 #ac1 ap4 ,moran1 & ,h>d+e's ,c5sus ( #afei47 ,9 ?is g5]al & fe>ful slaught] ( prie/ & p1 records 7 impossible2 & ( _m ( ! prie/s & religi\s :o p]i%$ no trace rema9s4 ,at ! sight ( su* appall+ massacres ! m9d %r9ks back to seek refuge 9 d\bt2 b t d\bt vani%es be=e ! records ( ! but*]s1 :o1 reek+ ) slaught]1 ask$ mank9d to admire _! "w z a m]cy ( ,god1 & ev5 9 our day1 _! desc5dants ask u to praise !m z *ampions ( religi\s fre$om4 ,we c sc>cely be accus$ ( be+ too sev]e 9 our language :5 ,m]le d',aubign1 a pr(ess$ eulogi/ ( ,cromwell1 admits t he us$ a great] sev]ity ?an _h p]haps be5 ex]cis$ by ! pagan lead]s ( antiquity4 ,al?\gh1 necess>ily1 = _m ( _! victims !re are no details :atev]1 nev]!less ne>ly "o-f\r? ( ?is :ole "w ( ,mr4 ,o',reilly is devot$ to memorials ( ^? :o p]i%$ by ! h&s ( ! ,puritans 9 ! brief p]iod ( tw5ty ye>s2 & he might well close x by ! =mula at ! end ( ea* day 9 ! ,roman m>tyrology1 ,et alibi aliorum plurimorum ,m>tyrum et ,confessorum1 etc4--,& else:]e ( _m o!r m>tyrs & confessors1 ^: names1 ?\gh unrecord$ on e>?1 are writt5 9 ! ,book ( ,life4 ,cromwell1 ,ireton1 ,in*iqu91 & ,coote m>k$ _! pa? 9 blood4 ,drogh$a1 ,wex=d1 ,ca%el1 ,lim]ick1 witness$ g5]al massacres1 :]e nei!r age nor sex c\ld r\se a sp>k ( human feel+ 9 ! insatiate but*]s4 ,! int5se & cruel fanaticism seems to h be5 ei!r a diabolical possession or a m5tal disease4 ,a gr&son ( ,sir ,*>les ,coote1 become ,e>l ( ,bellomont1 01 "s ye>s aft]1 made ,gov]nor ( ,new ,york & ( ,new ,engl&1 & 0 /rongly suspect$ ( complicity 9 ! piracies ( ,capta9 ,kidd4 ,he c]ta9ly %[$ ! fi]ce anti-,ca?olic _s ( 8 fa!r & gr&sire1 hav+ introduc$ & =c$ ?r\gh1 bo? 9 ,new ,york & ,massa*usetts1 laws to puni% ) imprisonm5t = life1 or1 on recapture1 ) dea?1 any ,ca?olic prie/ ent]+ ^? colonies4 ,among ! m illu/ri\s m>tyrs we notice ! ,mo/ ,rev4 ,mala*y ,o',queely1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,tuam1 :o 0 ov]tak5 at ,cl>e1 ne> ,sligo1 9 #afde1 by "s ,puritan cavalry4 ,!y hack$ (f 8 "r arm1 & !n cruelly mangl$ 8 body1 cutt+ x into small pieces4 ,9 #afej1 ,boetius ,egan1 ,bi%op ( ,ross1 a holy ,franciscan fri>1 appo9t$ to t see 9 #afdg1 on ! recomm5dation ( ! ,nuncio1 ,r9ucc9i1 left ! retreat 9 :i* he _h be5 hidd5 = mon?s1 to visit "s di/ant & ab&on$ p>ts ( 8 diocese1 al?\gh ,ludl['s ,puritan b&s 7 lay+ wa/e ! c\ntry4 ,aft] p]=m+ ! apo/olic duties t _h call$ him =?1 he 0 return+ to 8 lonely hid+-place1 :5 he 0 ov]tak5 by a troop ( horse ha/5+ to jo9 ,cromwell 9 besieg+ ,clonmel4 #hdi ,! comm&] ( ?is troop1 ,"l ,broghill1 :om our read]s may n recognize z ,rob]t ,boyle1 subsequ5tly ,e>l ( ,orr]y1 (f]$ him life1 ,if he w\ld d5y 8 fai? & jo9 ! ,p>liam5t>ians1 b he reject$ ! temptation ) disda94 ,he 0 !n ab&on$ to ! soldi]s' fury1 &1 8 arms be+ fir/ sev]$ f 8 body1 he 0 dragg$ along ! gr\nd to a neighbor+ tree1 &1 be+ hang$ f "o ( its bran*es by ! re9s ( 8 own horse1 happily consummat$ 8 e>?ly c\rse 9 ,novemb]1 #afej4 ,! fall ( ,lim]ick enabl$ ,ireton to revel 9 ! blood ( ,ca?olic prie/s4 ,! m>tyrs 7 l$ by ,t]5ce ,alb]t ,o',bri51 ,bi%op ( ,emly1 born 9 ,lim]ick 9 #afjj1 & nurtur$ pi\sly by a devot$ "m4 ,at an e>ly age he ent]$ ! ord] ( ,/4 ,dom9ic1 &1 aft] pursu+ 8 /udies 9 ,spa91 return$ to labor 9 8 native city4 ,9 #afdc1 he became prov9cial ( 8 ord]1 & att5d$ a g5]al *apt] at ,rome4 ,f\r ye>s aft]w>d1 he 0 consecrat$ ,bi%op ( ,emly1 & labor$ !re e>ne/ly till he jo9$ ! re/ :o took refuge 9 ,lim]ick4 ,kn[+ ! fate t 0 res]v$ = him1 ,dr4 ,o',bri5 retir$ to ! pe/-h\se1 9 ord] to devote ! la/ h\rs ( 8 life to ! b5efit ( 8 suff]+ fell[-citiz5s1 & to prep>+ himself = dea?4 ,"h he 0 f\nd by ! (fic]s s5t to arre/ him1 & br\ght be=e ,ireton1 :o told him he 0 to be tri$ by a c\rt-m>tial1 & imprison$ till ! s5t5ce 0 pron\nc$4 ,! bi%op he>d ?is unmov$1 & :5 ask$ did he want c\nsel1 calmly repli$ t all he requir$ 0 8 confessor4 ,?is boon 0 grant$1 & ,fa!r ,hanrahan1 a memb] ( 8 own ord]1 0 suff]$ to pass ! :ole day & night ( ! #cj? ( ,octob] 9 8 prison4 ,on ! foll[+ ev5+ he 0 l$ out to execution1 &1 z ,fa!r ,hanrahan relat$1 walk$ z joyfully to ! place z to a fea/4 ,8 contempor>y1 ,de ,m>9is1 relates 8 execution ?us3 ',he w5t ) joy to ! place ( execution1 & !n1 ) a s]5e c\nt5ance1 turn+ to 8 ,ca?olic fri5ds1 :o /ood 9 ! cr[d inconsolable & weep+1 he said to !m1 ,hold firmly by y\r fai?1 & obs]ve its precepts2 murmur n aga9/ ! arrangem5ts ( ,god's provid5ce1 & ?us y w save y\r s\ls4 ,weep n at all = me1 b r pray t 9 ?is la/ trial ( dea? ,i may1 by firmness & con/ancy1 atta9 my heav5ly rew>d4 ,! head ( ! m>tyr 0 /ruck (f & plac$ on a spike on ! t[]1' 7':i* is on ! middle ( ! bridge4'--,a ,ros>io17 '& long aft] seem$ to drop fre% blood1 & uncorrupt$ & un*ang$ 9 aspect1 fle%1 or hair--a tribute1 z may be ?\ght1 to t virg9al purity :i* x is univ]sally believ$ he pres]v$ to ! end4' ,?us he w5t to 8 rew>d1 on ! vigil ( ,all ,sa9ts'1 #afea4 ,de ,m>9is & ,a ,ros>io relate t ! holy bi%op summon$ ,ireton to ! judgm5t-seat ( ,god to answ] = 8 crimes2 & on ! #ah? day aft]w>d t bloody p]secutor 0 seiz$ ) ! plague1 &1 aft] sixte5 days1 expir$ 9 great torm5ts4 ,dr4 ,moran m5tions t ! spot :]e ?is holy bi%op 0 m>tyr$ is yet po9t$ out & v5]at$ by ! ,ca?olics ( ,lim]ick4 ,ano!r ,dom9ican m>tyr ( ?is sc5e1 ,fa!r ,james ,wolf1 0 an old man1 & prea*]-g5]al1 :o _h be=e be5 a long "t 9 prison = ! fai?1 & 9 ?is la/ p]secution 0 z a wall aga9/ ! enemies ( ! fai?4 ,he 0 tak5 9 ,lim]ick :ile (f]+ ! mass1 & 9 a few h\rs aft]w>d 0 s5t5c$ to be hung1 & br\ght out into ! m>ket squ>e1 :]e he made a public pr(ession ( 8 fai?1 & exhort$ ! ,ca?olics to con/ancy 9 ! religion ( _! ance/ors1 & t ) s mu* ardor t x mov$ 8 v enemies4 ,/&+ on ! top /ep ( ! ladd]1 & ab\t to be swung (f1 he joy\sly exclaim$1 ',we are made a spectacle to ,god & angels & m5--( glory to ,god1 ( joy to angels1 ( contempt to m54' ,hav+ said ?is1 he 0 hung1 & s w5t to 8 cr[n4 ,x is a /range fact1 & "o t we mu/ regret1 t ,engl& %\ld owe ! f9al conque/ ( ,canada to "o :o %\ld h honor$ ?is m>tyr ( 8 family1 b :o 0 really int5sely ,engli%1 & rivall$ ,ireton by 8 bloody m>* up ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 but*]+ prie/s at _! own *ur* doors ) z little compunction z ,ireton felt = ,fa!r ,james ,wolf4 #hej ,t m>tyr _h a bro!r ,george1 an (fic] 9 ! ,iri% army4 ,al?\gh doom$1 he manag$ to escape1 & rea*+ ,engl&1 f9ally settl$ 9 ,york%ire4 ,8 gr&son ,edw>d f\ght "u ,m>lbor\gh1 & rose to ! rank ( g5]al4 ,8 son1 a namesake ( ! ,lim]ick m>tyr1 0 ,g5]al ,james ,wolfe1 :o di$ 9 ! arms ( victory at ,quebec1 hav+ /ruck ! bl[ t seem$ to cru% = ev] ,ca?olicity 9 ,canada4 ,ano!r bi%op1 ,ar?ur ,mag5nis1 a ,ci/]cian1 ,bi%op ( ,d[n & ,connor1 01 9 spite ( 8 infirmities & ye>s1 dragg$ on %ipbo>d1 to be c>ri$ to "s o!r l&4 ,dea? 01 h[ev]1 ! object ( 8 torm5tors1 n exile3 &1 z he l+]$ too long to please _! impati5ce1 !y dragg$ "o ( ! %ip's cannon beside 8 b]?1 &1 fir+ x1 caus$ su* a %ock to ! invalid t he expir$4 ,! cl]gy :o suff]$ met dea? 9 e =m4 ,"s p]i%$ ( />vation 9 ! m\nta91 l ! ,rev4 ,john ,c>olan2 "s 7 />v$ to dea? 9 prison1 l ! ,dom9ican fa!r1 ,john ,o',laighl92 "s1 track$ to _! hid+-places1 7 %ot 9 _! caves1 l ! ,franciscan fa!r1 ,francis ,sullivan2 "s 7 /on$ to dea?1 & flung into riv]s1 l ! ,dom9ican fa!r1 ,john ,flav]ty2 _m cut d[n by ! roadside1 or %ot & hack$ to pieces1 l ,/eph5 ,pettit1 ! ,dom9ican fa!rs1 ,pet] ,co/ello1 ,dom9ic ,neagan1 ,lawr5ce ,o',f]ral2 o!rs m delib]ately hang$ on sea or l&1 l ! ,franciscan fa!rs1 ,f]gal ,w>d1 ,d5is ,nelan1 ,rev4 ,pet] ,higg9s1 ! ,dom9ican ,bonav5ture de ,burgo1 & _m m2 or dr[n$ at sea1 l ! ,tr9it>ian fa!rs ,o',conor & ,daly2 or ti$ to /akes & %ot1 l ! ,jesuit1 ,fa!r ,ba!1 & 8 bro!r at ,drogh$a4 ,( ! _m ?\s&s ( ,iri% m51 wom51 & *ildr5 :o 7 sold into slav]y 9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 ! names ( v few h be5 pres]v$4 ,among ^! 0 ,fa!r ,david ,ro*e1 ,dom9ican4 ,full details ( ?is infam\s traffic are giv5 by ,pr5d]ga/1 ,cromwellian ,settlem5t4 ,?us1 a gov]nm5t ord]1 publi%$ on ,m>* #d?1 #afee1 /ates t1 9 ! f\r prec$+ ye>s1 #fdjj ,iri%1 m5 & wom51 boys & maid5s1 _h be5 dispos$ ( to ! ,engli% slave-deal]s4 ,on ! #ad? ,septemb]1 #afec1 two ,engli% m]*ants1 nam$ ,selleck & ,lead]1 sign$ a contract ) ! gov]nm5t commission]s1 by :i* a supply 0 grant$ to !m ( #bej wom5 & #cjj m5 ( ! ,iri% nation1 to be f\nd )9 tw5ty miles ( ,cork1 ,y\ghal1 ,k9sale1 ,wat]=d1 & ,wex=d4 ,rog] ,boyle1 ,"l ,broghill1 7aft]w>d ,e>l ( ,orr]y17 deem$ x unnecess>y to take su* tr\ble 9 visit+ diff]5t p>ts ( ! k+dom1 & und]took to supply ! :ole numb] f ! c\nty ( ,cork alone2 h5ce he receiv$ an ord] emp[]+ him to se>* = & seize ^u t numb]1 '& no p]son1 be+ once appreh5d$1 0 to be releas$ b by special ord] 9 writ+ "u ! h& ( ,"l ,broghill4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,novemb]1 #afee1 all ! ,iri% ( ! t[nl& ( ,lackagh1 c\nty ( ,kild>e1 7 seiz$ on by ! ag5ts ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,!y 7 only =ty-"o 9 numb]1 & ( ^! f\r 7 hang$ by s5t5ce ( c\rt-m>tial2 ! rema9+ ?irty-sev51 includ+ two prie/s1 7 h&$ ov] to ,mr4 ,norton1 a ,bri/ol m]*ant1 to be sold z bond-slaves to ! sug>-plant]s at ! ,b>badoes4' ,aga91 on ! #h? ,decemb]1 #afee1 we f9d a lett] f ! commission]s to ! ,gov]nor ( ,b>badoes1 'advis+ him ( ! approa* ( a %ip ) a c>go ( proprietors1 depriv$ ( _! l&s1 & seiz$ = n transplant+4' ,!y add t among !m 7 ?ree prie/s1 & ! commission]s p>ticul>ly desire t ^! may be s employ$ t !y may n return aga9 :]e t sort ( p are able to d s mu* mis*ief1 hav+ s great an influ5ce ov] ! popi% ,iri%4 #hea ,( _! suff]+s at sea our au?or gives no record2 b ,&]son1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,colonial ,*ur*1 7ii4 p4 #eb-c17 describes1 f a petition to ,p>liam5t1 ! suff]+s ( ,engli% prison]s cr[d$ into close holds amid horses1 sold1 on arriv+1 to ! mo/ inhuman p]sons1 & treat$ worse ?an bea/s2 sleep+ 9 /yes1 worse ?an hogs 9 ,engl&1 & _m o!r ways made mo/ mis]able beyond expression ( ,*ri/ian imag9ation4 ,& no?+ 9 ! annals ( hi/ory w ju/ify ! supposition t ! ,iri% f>$ bett]4 ,dur+ long exam9ations ( e>ly records & manuscript matt] relat+ to ! colonies :i* =m$ ! ,am]ican ,union1 no allusion has met our eye relat+ to any ( ^! prie/s sold z slaves 9 ,am]ica by ! ,puritans4 ,x is d\btful1 !re=e1 :e!r any ev] rea*$ our %ores4 ,b x seems to u t rese>*es w yet lead to "s clue or trace 9 ! ,we/ ,india ,isl&s1 t favorite m>t = ! ,puritan slave-deal]s1 :o sold alike !re ! ,iri% ,ca?olic1 or ! ,*ri/ian or ,pagan ,indian ( ,new ,engl&4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a curi\s fact t ! fir/ victim ( ! wit*craft excitem5t 9 ,new ,engl& 0 "o ( ! ,iri% slaves1 a poor woman1 :o ?\gh able to repeat ! ,"l's ,pray] 9 ,lat9 & ,iri%1 fail$ to pray 9 ! to h] unkn[n ,engli% tongue1 0 adjudg$ a wit*1 & put to dea?4 ,( ! ,iri% transport$ to ,/4 ,*ri/oph]'s we f9d "s acc\nt 9 ! ,jesuit ,fa!r ,pet] ,pelleprat's ,relation des ,missions des ,pres de la ,compagnie de ,jsus dans les ,isles et dans la ,t]re ,f]9e de l',amrique ,mridionale1 7,p>is1 #afee47 ,"p ( ! isl& belong$ to ! ,fr5*1 & ,fa!r ,john ,de/ri*e 7,/rit*87 an ,iri% memb] ( ! ,society1 0 s5t 9 #afej1 to ! b\nd>y4 ,8 long-=sak5 c\ntrym5 flock$ ar\nd1 brav+ all dang]s f _! cruel task-ma/]s2 & he sp5t ?ree mon?s he>+ confessions1 baptiz+1 in/ruct+1 consol+ & =tify+ ) ! sacram5ts ^! poor exiles4 ,he !n1 9 ! disguise ( a m]*ant1 visit$ ,monts]rat1 :i* 01 = a "t1 an indep5d5t ,iri% isle1 & s laid d[n on maps1 & :]e ev5 ! negroes spoke ,iri%4 ,b1 at ?is "t ( ,puritan rule1 ! ,engli% _h r$uc$ !m to slav]y4 ,"h he rais$ a little *apel 9 ! dep? ( a =e/1 & ! ,iri% e day1 "u pretext ( cutt+ wood1 made _! way to ! spot1 &1 aft] giv+ ! day to religion1 cut "s wood to c>ry back4 ,return+ to ,/4 ,*ri/oph]'s1 he f\nd ! ,engli% r5ew+ ! p]secution4 ,"o hundr$ & tw5ty-five ( ! mo/ f]v5t ,ca?olics 7 c>ri$ (f & set a%ore on ! b>r5 isl& ( ,crabs or ,boriqu54 ,"h "s und\bt$ly p]i%$ ( />vation2 a few rea*$ ,/4 ,dom+o1 b1 on ! refusal ( ! ,spani>ds to receive !m1 manag$ to f9d transport to ,tortugas1 !n 9 ! h&s ( ! ,fr5*4 ,fa!r ,de/ri*e !n collect$ all ! ,iri% he c\ld1 & convey$ !m to ,gaudel\pe1 mak+ excursions f "t to "t to br+ 9 o!rs to swell ?is settlem5t2 & visit+ 9 disguise ! v>i\s ,engli% isl&s4 ,no allusion is made to any prie/ among ^! exiles2 b ?is fa!r 0 n probably alone4 ,rese>* 9 ?is field may yet enl>ge ! t\*+ memorials :i* ,mr4 ,o',reilly des]ves s great cr$it = pres5t+ to u4 ,! p]secution may be said to close ) ! ,puritan rule2 ,ar*bi%op ,plunkett1 ^: life is well & concisely giv51 hav+ be5 a victim to ! infam\s fiction ( plots 9 ! reign ( ,*>les ,,ii41 & br\ght to ! scaffold by ! false te/imony ( m5 ( 8 own c\ntry & fai?4 #heb ,! la/ ( ! m>tyr$ cl]gy 0 ! ,dom9ican ,fa!r ,g]ald ,gibbon1 sub-prior ( ,kilmallock1 kill$ by "s ( ,william ,,iii4's rov+ cavalry at ,li/uahill1 9 ! ,c\nty ( ,k]ry1 9 #afia4 ,mr4 ,o',reilly has done an excell5t "w4 ,! records ( ! lives & dea?s ( ^! illu/ri\s m5 %\ld be famili> to all _! c\ntrym51 n to excite feel+s ( ho/ility & v5geance aga9/ ! desc5dants ( ! wrong-do]s2 =1 z 9 ! case ( ,wolfe1 ! lat] g5]ations fall away at times1 & ! prie/ we rev]e may trace 8 desc5t f a p]secutor4 ,b ! lives ( ^! m>tyrs rem9d u 9 ^! days ( insidi\s prosp]ity1 t we %\ld /ruggle z manfully aga9/ ! p]secution ( religi\s indiff]5ce z !y did aga9/ ! p]secution ( rack1 & sword1 & halt]1 & %[ t we deem ! religion !y di$ = wor?y ( a life ( love & sacrifice4 ---------- ,de ,pr(undis4 ,o we>y1 we>y he>t1 ,o fa9t+ s\l6 ,?y /ruggle is 9 va92 ,! fi]y waves ( woe t o'er !e roll ,o'er:elm ) fi]ce/ pa94 ,!re is = !e no re/1 = !e no peace ,till ?\ght & mem'ry1 life itself %all cease4 ,re/ = ! we>y--words t flatt]+ly ,promise ?y he>t relief2 ,! words ( peace are mean+less to !e1 ,!y mock ?y endless grief4 ,?9k n ?y s\l f fur!r woe to save1 ,seek n = re/1 or seek x 9 ! grave6 ---- ,sweet re/1 sweet peace4 ,o ,jesu6 ?\ can/ give ,e'en 9 my mortal woe2 ,?\ bid/ my /ruggl+1 dy+ s\l to live1 ,& lead'/ me g5tly ?r\gh ,! waves t da% aga9/ my tir$ feet1 ,to fields ( liv+ gre5 & v]dure sweet4 ,jesu6 sweet ,jesu6 9 my d>ke/ h\r ,on !e alone ,i call2 ,?\gh waves may da% & d>k'n+ skies may l[]1 ,& rag+ /orms appall1 ,i he$ !m n--,i look beyond1 above1 ,& f9d my refuge 9 ?y ,he>t ( ,love6 ,k4 ,a4 ---------- #hec ,f ,la ,sema9e ,liturgique ,de ,poiti]s4 ,! ,leg5d ,( ,/4 ,mi*ael ,& ,! ,h]mit4 ,consummatus 9 brevi1 explevit temp]a multa4 --,book ( ,wisdom4 ,a poor b v5]able h]mit1 we>+ ! habit1 s&als1 & cord ( ,/4 ,francis ( ,assisi1 travell$1 f dawn till ! go+ d[n ( ! sun1 ov] ! fl[]y highways ( v]dant ,norm&y1 pass+ ?r\gh bor\ghs & villages1 ca/les & t[]s4 ,0 he a palm] f ! ,holy ,l&1 come to rek9dle ! ardor ( noble & valiant m5 ( arms ) tales ( ! woes ( ! ,*ri/ians 9 ,pale/9e8 ,no1 ! times ( ,philip ,augu/us & ,l\is ,,ix4 _h pass$ away4 ,yet our h]mit kept /eadily on1 all[+ himself n a day ( re/ b ! ,"l's day1 seek+ "s "o or some?+4 ,:at art ?\ seek+1 pi\s travell]8 ,?y ardor is great] ?an t ( a knight-errant long+ to break a lance 9 honor ( ! fair lady ^: color he we>s4 ,i am seek+ a s\l1 replies ! h]mit1 because ,/4 ,mi*ael ! ,ar*angel has made kn[n to me t a ?rone 9 ! et]nal mansions awaits "s s\l f e>?1 a ?rone ( dazzl+ beauty1 respl5d5t ) sapphires & diamonds1 & ! gold5 palms ( ! heav5ly ,j]usalem4 ,b ! s\l ?us summon$ to a ?rone on high mu/ n be too "y4 ,keep on ?y way4 ,old m5 are to be f\nd 9 e c\ntry on ! e>?4 ,& ! h]mit kept on 8 way f ! e>lie/ dawn till ev5tide4 ,at la/ he f9ds an ag$ abbot b5ea? ! ,go?ic ar*es ( an old ,b5$ict9e abbey4 ,8 reputation = sanctity & 8 great age1 :i* 0 f\rscore ye>s1 made our pilgrim hope t he _h f\nd ! object ( 8 se>*4 ,s1 on ,sunday1 aft] ! h\r ( lauds1 ! h]mit joyfully (f]$ ,/4 ,mi*ael1 on b5d$ knee1 ! "n ( ! v5]able abbot1 ) an acc\nt ( 8 exempl>y life2 b1 9 ! ev5+1 aft] ! h\r ( compl9e1 ! ar*angel said unto him1 ,cont9ue ?y se>*4 ,! abbot ,fulg5tius1 wor?y z he is1 m]its n ?is high rew>d4 ,t s]vant ( ! ,"l is /ill too "y4 ,he is f\rscore ye>s ( age1 ( :i* sixty-f\r h be5 sp5t 9 ! mona/ic /ate & 9 ! same mona/]y4 ,he has n yet liv$ tw5ty ye>s z ye>s are reckon$ by ! gu>dian angels4 ,pursue ?y way1 good h]mit1 & cont9ue ?y se>*4 ,aft] ?ree mon?s ! pilgrim worn by fatigue & prolong$ vigils joyfully br\ght f\r names to ,/4 ,mi*ael4 ,x w be und]/ood t ^! names 7 *os5 f among ?\s&s by ! zeal\s pilgrim4 ,! fir/ bright "n on ! li/ 0 t ( a ,"l ( ,falaise1 illu/ri\s ?r\gh 8 ance/ors1 & /ill m s = 8 own *>ity4 ,8 ca/le ) its squ>e t[]s1 surr\nd$ by crags1 deep moats1 & high walls1 0 always hospitably op5 to all pilgrims & /rang]s z well z to ! un=tunate4 ,!re he himself wait$ ^u !m at table1 aft] hav+ wa%$ _! feet ) 8 own h&s1 c\nt & b>on z he 01 & he nev] suff]$ !m to dep>t till he _h giv5 !m alms & *ant$ ! div9e (fice ) !m 9 ! nave ( 8 *apel ( ,/4 ,prix4 #hed ,a num]\s prog5y rev]5c$ him1 & all 8 vassals proclaim$ 8 fa!rly k9dness4 ,:at m c\ld be ask$ t he might ex*ange 8 feudal p[] = a ?rone 9 heav58 ,! second on ! li/ 0 ! "m ( fifte5 *ildr51 sev5 ( :om s]v$ _! k+ z brave soldi]s1 sev5 o!rs s]v$ ! alt> z prie/s or monks1 & ! rema9+ "o1 a daught]1 _h _m *ildr51 :o 7 re>$ "u ! c>eful & vigilant eye ( _! gr&mo!r ( pi\s r5[n4 ,:at m c\ld be ask$ t %e might pass f family honors to a ?rone 9 heav58 ,! ?ird 0 a noble w>rior ( ! ,knights ( ,malta1 cov]$ ) w\nds & sc>s ga9$ 9 ! s]vice ( ,god4 ,hav+ be5 made1 at ! age ( ?irte5 ye>s1 knight ( 8 ord] & page ( ! gr& ma/]1 he 0 appo9t$1 at ! age ( tw5ty-two1 to ! comm& ( ?ree w>-vessels :i* he arm$ at 8 own exp5se4 ,he made himself =midable to all ! ,turks on ! seas ( ! ,levant4 ,be+ appo9t$ capta9 ( "o ( ! galleys ( ,malta1 our knight took tw5ty-two vessels f ! paynim & deliv]$ _m ?\s& ,*ri/ian slaves4 ,! ,emir ,frayc>d91 :o held sway ov] ! ,druses ( ,m\nt ,lebanon1 & boa/$ ( 8 desc5t f ,baldw91 ,k+ ( ,j]usalem1 conceiv$ s high an e/eem = him t he came =? f ! t[n ( ,say$a to visit him on bo>d ( "o ( 8 vessels1 & on t occasion gave him a scimit> f ,damascus1 ) a scabb>d ( wr\ght silv]1 inlaid ) diamonds & r>e pe>ls1 :i* our h]o pres5t$ to ! k+ ( ,france1 9 pres5ce ( ! same emir ( illu/ri\s memory4 ,! escut*eon ( our knight bore a *evron gules1 on a field or1 *>g$ at ! b5d ) a fl[]-de-luce or1 & surm\nt$ by ! silv] cross ( ! ,ord] ( ,malta4 sic ,he seem$ truly end[$ ) valor & sanctity1 :i* made up = want ( age1 = he 0 only tw5ty-n9e4 ,:at m c\ld be ask$ t he might pass f ! mid/ ( combats to ! bosom ( ev]la/+ peace1 & f ! triumphs ( victory to a glori\s ?rone 9 heav58 ,f9ally1 ! f\r? "n 0 t ( a wid[1 l ! prophetess ,anna1 :o dep>t$ n f ! temple ( ,j]usalem1 by fa/+ & pray]s s]v+ ,god day & night4 ,l h]1 %e 0 devot$ to good works1 to ! c>e ( ! sick1 ! help ( ! infirm1 & ! *>ge ( orphans4 ,%e 0 call$ ! eye ( ! bl9d1 & ! consolation ( ! afflict$1 & ?r\gh\t old ,neu/ria ) its gre5 or*>ds ! e*oes ( ! manor-h\ses & ! huts alike knew ( ! wondr\s de$s ( good ,dame ,lois4 ,pr\d ( all ^! names1 ! h]mit at ! e>ly h\r ( lauds pres5t$ ! li/ to ,/4 ,mi*ael2 :5 ev5+ _h br\ght ! h\r ( compl9e1 ! holy *ant be+ end$1 ,/4 ,mi*ael gave back to ! h]mit ! preci\s pap]1 all p]fum$ ) ! inc5se ( p>adise1 & said to him3 ,fai?ful s]vant1 cont9ue ?y se>*3 all ^! names are de> & preci\s 9 ! eyes ( ,god2 b !y :o be> !m are /ill too "y4 ,b ! sire ( ,falaise has se5 almo/ a hundr$ ye>s pass ov] 8 n[ bald head1 & 8 be>d is :it] ?an ! sn[s ( ,m\nt ,sa9t ,b]n>d6 ,t noble "l ( a hundr$ ye>s is only reckon$ fifte5 by ! cal5d> ( ! gu>dian angels1 repli$ ! ar*angel4 #hee ,b ?is "m ( fifte5 *ildr5 & twelve gr&*ildr5 :o are h] cr[n & h] glory8 444 ,& ! pi\s wid[84444 ,! "m w only be eight ye>s old come ! fe/ival ( ! ,assumption ( ,our ,lady1 h] holy ,patroness2 & ! pi\s & *a/e wid[ is h>dly old] ?an ! sire ( ,falaise4 ,& ! ,knight ( ,malta8 ,illu/ri\s & brave above 8 fell[-knights1 he is only tw5ty-n9e ye>s old accord+ to ! record ( 8 baptism2 b ^! few ye>s h be5 well employ$ 9 def5d+ ,*ri/5dom aga9/ ! infidel ,turks :o tremble be=e 8 ,damascus blade4 ,! knight has made progress1 x is true1 9 ! way ( real life4 ,he is almo/ old en\gh to reign2 b 8 gu>dian angel dem&s yet a space ( "t be=e impr9t+ on 8 s\l ! seal ( ! et]nal & heav5ly life4 ,g ?y way1 & cont9ue ?y se>*4 ,! h]mit1 9 ! sil5ce ( 8 cell1 0 t]rifi$ to see h[ h>d x 0 to atta9 l5g? ( ye>s accord+ to ! reckon+ ( ! angels2 b he r$\bl$ 8 zeal to discov] ! r>e treasure dem&$ by ,/4 ,mi*ael4 ,sev5 ,sundays hav+ pass$ away weep+ & pray+ 9 ! und]cr(t ( ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,g]bold1 %eph]d ( ,bayeux1 ( le>n$ memory1 he saw ! ar*angel ) 8 sword ( gold com+ t[>d him respl5d5t ) light4 ,tr\bl$ 9 ! dep?s ( 8 he>t1 ! h]mit said to him humbly3 ,i h only "o "n to pres5t !e1 & ?is "n (f]s b little t is wor?y ( relat+2 yet ,i lay x be=e !e4 ,& he held =? ! pap] wet ) 8 te>s to ,/4 ,mi*ael1 :o took x1 smil+ mean:ile on ! trembl+ h]mit4 ,! pap] _h h>dly be5 plac$ 9 ! angel's h&s :5 ! sombre crypt 0 fill$ ) a s(t light2 an unkn[n p]fume embalm$ ! air1 & ! h]mit1 almo/ ravi%$ ) ec/asy1 at once und]/ood t ! *os5 "o s long s\ght aft] 0 at l5g? f\nd4 444 ,! elect s\l rose l a blue vapor above ! t[] ( ! *ur*1 above ! l(ty m\nta9s1 beyond ! />s3 x rose lum9\s & full ( maje/y1 till x came to ! c\rts ( ! ,new ,j]usalem to take its place ^u ! dazzl+ ?rone await+ x among ! angels4 ,h[ old1 !n1 is ?is s\l accord+ to ! cal5d> ( et]nal life8 7 ! fir/ words address$ ,/4 ,mi*ael by ! h]mit1 /ill on 8 knees4 ,& ,/4 ,mi*ael graci\sly repli$3 ,?is sa9t 0 only tw5ty-"o ye>s old accord+ to ! reckon+ on e>?1 b he 0 a hundr$ by t ( ! gu>dian angels :o wat* ov] s\ls4 ,n "o h\r ( 8 %ort life 0 lo/ = et]nity4 ,x 0 n only n lo/1 b--:i* is necess>y to atta9 l5g? ( ye>s t are m]itori\s & v5]able 9 our eyes--n "o h\r fail$ to be reckon$ twice or ?rice1 & sometimes a hundr$fold1 by ! m]it ( 8 de$s ( fai?1 hope1 *>ity1 & mortification4 ,no?+ is lo/ :i* is pleas+ 9 ! eyes ( ! ,"l4 ,a glass ( wat] giv5 ) love 9 8 "n becomes a maje/ic riv] fl[+ on = ev] & ev]2 :ile a treasure giv5 )\t love or f human motives is c\nt$ z no?+ 9 ! great ,book ( ,life6 ,to really live1 ?\ mu/ love ,god :ile exil$ "h bel[1 z we love him 9 ! home ( ! bless$4 ,?\ mu/ also love ?y neighbor1 ^: s\l reflects ! image ( its ,mak]4 ,) ^! words ! angel disappe>$1 leav+ beh9d him a long tra9 ( light 9 ! dim vaults ( ! crypt ( ,/4 ,g]bold4 #hef ,o ,"l6 cri$ ! h]mit grant me a true k ( ! ,*ri/ian life--! only life really wor? ! "n--t at my la/ h\r ,i may n he> res\nd+ above my head ! t]rible words1 ,too "y6 ,tea* me1 ,o my ,god6 ! value ( "t1 :i* is only giv5 u t we may lay up treasures = heav54 ,"t is ! money ( et]nity6 "t is ! price ( ! ,savi\r's blood6 "t1 s fleet+1 :i* we seek to kill1 & :i* w surely kill u2 "t1 ! inflexible tyrant :o sp>es no "o6 ,oh6 t ,i might 9 turn triumph ov] "t by mak+ x s]ve to ! sanctification ( my s\l & ! w9n+ ( an et]nal cr[n4 ---------- ,new ,publications4 ,diss]tations1 ,*iefly ,on ,iri% ,*ur* ,hi/ory4 ,by ! late ,rev4 ,mat!w ,kelly1 ,d4,d4 ,dubl93 ,james ,duffy4 #ahfi4 ,rev4 ,mat!w ,kelly1 a canon ( 8 native diocese ( ,ossory1 ,irel&1 & a ,pr(essor 9 ,maynoo? ,college1 0 "o ( ! mo/ accompli%$ ( ! contempor>ies ( ,dr4 ,john ,o',donovan1 ,pr(essor ,eug5e ,o' ,curry1 ,george ,petrie1 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,todd1 ,v ,rev4 ,dr4 ,r5ehan1 & ! few o!r truly great ,iri% s*ol>s ( ! pa/ & pass+ g5]ations4 ,he 0 a native ( ,kilk5ny ,city1 & 0 b>ely 9 ! =ty-f\r? ye> ( 8 age :5 call$ to 8 rew>d1 ,saturday1 ,octob] #cj?1 #aheh4 ,he 0 a v able writ] on & inve/igator ( ,iri% hi/ory1 9 all its bran*es1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! ecclesia/ical & e?nological l9es1 ( :i* 8 editorial labors = ! ,celtic & ,ar*aeological ,societies ( ,dubl91 8 editions ( ,:ite's & ,o',sullivan's writ+s relative to ,irel&1 z well z ( ! ,m>tyrology ( ,talla*t1 & 8 contributions to ! ,dubl9 ,review1 ,duffy's ,ca?olic ,magaz9e1 ! ,london ,rambl]1 etc41 etc41 h giv5 abundant pro(4 ,he is m widely kn[n by g5]al read]s ?r\gh 8 rem>kable translation ( ,gossel9's great "w1 ,on ! ,p[] ( ! ,pope dur+ ! ,middle ,ages4 ,8 fri5d & fell[-labor]1 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,mc,carthy1 has collect$ f ! p]iodicals nam$1 *iefly f ! ,dubl9 ,review1 into ?is volume--= a copy ( :i* we are indebt$ to ! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society-- sev]al diss]tations by ! lam5t$ ,dr4 ,kelly1 *iefly on ,iri% *ur* hi/ory--an exam9ation ( :i* makes u deeply regret t he 0 n sp>$ to complete ! labors 9 :i* he 0 engag$1 & :i* he _h 9 contemplation at ! "t ( 8 dea?--:i* includ$ no?+ less desirable ?an a new & ?or\gh edition ( ! ,acta ,sanctorum ( ,colgan2 a new edition & a cont9uation ( ,rev4 ,dr4 ,john ,lanigan's ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory ( ,irel&2 & ! completion ( ! publication1 "u su* c>e z he 0 capable ( be/[+1 ( ! ,v ,rev4 ,dr4 ,r5ehan's ,collections on ,iri% ,*ur* ,hi/ory4 ,! volume be=e u %\ld f9d a place 9 e private z well z public collection t aims to h repres5t$ 9 x ! g5u9e s*ol>%ip ( ,irel&4 ---- ,a ,few ,fri5ds1 ,& ,h[ ,!y ,amus$ ,!mselves4 ,a ,tale 9 n9e *apt]s2 conta9+ descriptions ( tw5ty ,pa/imes & ,games & a fancy-dress p>ty4 ,by ,m4 ,e4 ,dodge1 au?or ( ,hans ,br9k] & ! ,irv+ton ,/ories4 ,philadelphia3 ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,co4 #heg ,! au?or 9 ?is little book makes a happy ef=t to revive among/ u aga9 ^? pleasant1 home-l games t give su* a *>m to ! fireside4 ,_m ( ^! pa/imes are new1 & all ( !m int]e/+ & amus+1 requir+ en\gh ?\ght & wit to keep "o's faculties 9 pleasant activity4 ,society1 x is true1 w sc>cely condesc5d to be amus$ 9 s simple & *e]ful a way2 b z x is a "q :e!r x is ev] he>tily amus$1 we c v well af=d to set aside its rul+1 & enjoy ourselves ) ! pleasant pa/imes ( our ,few ,fri5ds4 ,a picture-gall]y1 su* z is describ$ 9 its pages1 al?\gh x might n provoke su* arti/ic & wond]ful criticisms z ! ,academy ( ,design1 w\ld n yet fail to be v amus+4 ,! great *>m ( ^! games1 z ! au?or rem>ks 9 h] preface1 is ! br++ toge!r ! old & "y1 9 ! common pursuit ( pleasure4 ---- ,a ,%ort ,gramm> ,( ,pla9 ,*ant1 = ! use ( s*ools1 sem9>ies1 & religi\s communities4 ,troy1 ,new ,york3 ,p4 ,j4 ,dooley4 #ahfh4 ,x is ) ! s9c]e/ pleasure we meet ) any evid5ces ( a desire to return to ! use ( ! ,gregorian *ant 9 ! (fices ( ! *ur*4 ,p]fectly r5d]$1 we "k ( no mod]n compositions 9 figur$ music :i* c equal x 9 fitness or gr&eur4 ,! be/ t c be said ( tim$ music is1 t x is pleas+2 t its v>i$ h>monies delight ! e>2 & t 9 ! mo/ wor?y ( su* compositions !re are pa!tic1 joy\s1 & at times sublime expressions4 ,b ( ! ,gregorian *ant only c x be said t x edifies1 compels to pray] & praise1 & nev] h9ts at ! _w1 ! fle%1 or ! devil4 ,l ! sacr$ ve/m5ts ( ! prie/ & ! solemn c]emonies ( ,ca?olic wor%ip1 x is a "p ( ! outw>d expression ( ! *ur*'s homage to ,god4 ,x is ! befitt+ song ( ! sanctu>y1 & we are ?ankful ! *ur* has nev] sanction$ any o!r4 ,to s+ ,gregorian *ant z x %\ld be sung is a sci5ce ( its own2 a fact n a few ( our musicians appe> to be ignorant (2 & al?\gh ! pres5t little h&book does n pret5d to be a treatise on ! subject1 yet x may p]haps be f\nd1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( our k1 a "w bett] adapt$ to our wants ?an a m ext5d$ & philosophical treatise w\ld be4 ,x is a fir/ book on *ant = beg9n]s1 & gives 9 a concise =m all ! prelim9>y notions ^u :i* a fur!r /udy may be bas$4 ,! au?or has divid$ x into ?ree p>ts3 ! fir/ treat+ ( ! notation ( pla9 *ant2 ! second1 ( ! /ructure & peculi>ities ( ! modes or tones2 & ! ?ird1 or psalmody4 ,a conv5i5t app5dix has be5 add$ conta9+ ! diff]5t intonations = ,high ,mass & ! ,div9e ,(fice4 ,! :ole w be f\nd 9 /rict con=mity ) ! ,roman ,missal & ,(fice ,books1 a matt] :i* we deem ( no slight consequ5ce4 ,! au?or1 we obs]ve1 has foll[$ ! ord9>y me?od 7a faulty "o1 we ?9k7 9 ! matt] ( ! division ( ! ,psalm tones & ! correspond+ adaptation ( ! words4 ,accord+ to ! sy/em commonly adopt$ 9 our *oir-books & 9 works on pla9 *ant hi!rto publi%$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 ! diff]5t m$iations & cad5ces w\ld require at lea/ f\r diff]5t divisions or po9t+s ( ! ,psalms4 ,9 fact1 ! rules laid d[n by all ma/]s 9 ,gregorian *ant = acc5tuation & ! adaptation ( dactylic & monosyllabic words require only "o po9t+ ( ! ,psalms = all ! tones & _! v>i\s conclusions4 ,we ?9k ?is important po9t c be demon/rat$1 al?\gh x w\ld be out ( place "h4 ,z a book ( fir/ pr9ciples ( ! *ant1 we mo/ he>tily comm5d ?is little volume to ^? = ^: use x has be5 prep>$1 & h no d\bt t x w f9d its way into all our sem9>ies & religi\s communities1 &1 we v5ture to hope z well1 into our s*ools4 ,to our ,ca?olic y\? ! song ( ! *ur* ought n to be an un9telligible j>gon ( s\nd4 ,let u add1 t ! ef=t ( ! publi%] 9 putt+ out a "w ( ?is k9d is des]v+ ( ! highe/ praise1 & we tru/ w be fully appreciat$4 ,! "w be>s ! imprimatur ( ! ,rt4 ,rev4 ,bi%op ( ,albany4 ---- #heh ,! ,law ,( ,love ,& ,love ,z ,a ,law2 or1 ,moral ,sci5ce1 ,!oretical & ,practical4 ,by ,m>k ,hopk9s1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,presid5t ( ,williams ,college4 ,new ,york3 ,*>les ,scribn] ,co4 #ahfi4 ,?is volume1 albeit ( mod]ate size & pret5sions1 w\ld require an elaborate review to d x ju/ice4 ,! brief notice we be/[ on x mu/ n !re=e be tak5 z a crit]ion ( our e/imate ( its ability1 or z a full & matur$ judgm5t ^u its doctr9es & argum5ts 9 detail or 9 ref]5ce to special po9ts4 ,its g5]al scope & t5or ( ?\ght & reason+1 we c say )\t hesitation1 are 9 accordance ) ,ca?olic doctr9e 9 respect to ^? matt]s :i* are cle>ly def9$1 & 9 accordance ) t sy/em ( moral philosophy :i* we reg>d z ! s\nde/ & mo/ rational on matt]s :i* are op5 to discussion4 ,! tone & _s ( ! "w are elevat$1 its ?\ght is /rong1 its /yle limpid & tranquil1 its s5tim5ts g5]ally mod]ate & cons]vative4 ,! au?or demoli%es ! wret*$ sy/em ( utilit>ianism & sev]al o!r sophisms1 by a few bl[s z quietly yet z effectually giv5 z ^? ( a pol> be>4 ,he e/abli%es also ! fre$om ( ! w z ! necess>y condition ( obligation1 & ?us cuts up ,calv9ism root & bran*4 ,we %\ld be glad to see a m di/9ct /atem5t ( ! absolute "r ( ,god ov] 8 creatures z ! au?or & pres]v] & sov]eign ,"l ( ! creation1 z ! basis ( ! obligation to obey 8 laws & ^? ( 8 delegates ev5 9 ?+s indiff]5t 9 !mselves4 ,?is w\ld 9 no wise conflict ) ! doctr9e ( ! au?or t ! reason ( ! et]nal law is situat$ n m]ely 9 ! free det]m9ation ( ! div9e w1 b *iefly & radically 9 ! div9e intellig5ce4 ,! argum5t prov+ t all morality is det]m9$ by ! f9al cause1 or ! relation ( human acts to ! ultimate end ( man & creation1 is admirable4 ,s also is ! resolution ( all ! ends & motives ( creation into ! amor entis1 :i* is really ! dom9ant idea 9 ! au?or's philosophy & =ms ! "* ( 8 book4 ,x is *iefly on acc\nt ( ?is noble & elevat$ view t we take occasion to comm5d x1 & expect a v great good to be done by x )9 ! circle ( ! di/+ui%$ au?or's influ5ce4 ---- ,m5tal ,sci5ce4 ,a ,comp5dium ( ,psy*ology & ! ,hi/ory ( ,philosophy4 ,design$ z a text-book = high-s*ools & colleges4 ,by ,alex&] ,ba91 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ab]de51 etc4 ,new ,york3 ,appletons4 #ahfh4 ,we are will+ to believe t ?is book may conta9 mu* valuable in=mation 9 reg>d to ! hi/ory ( philosophy1 physiology1 & psy*ological ph5om5a4 ,b z a text-book ( ,m5tal ,sci5ce1 x is an utt] absurdity1 s9ce its fundam5tal pr9ciple de/roys all metaphysical c]ta9ty4 ,x is ! qu9tess5ce ( ! wor/ & mo/ absurd op9ions ( ! empirical s*ool ( ,h]b]t ,sp5c] & ,mill1 & !re=e simply a dose ( intellectual /ry*n9e4 ,= ! refutation ( ?is miscall$ ,m5tal ,sci5ce1 we ref] to all ! philosophical articles ( ?is magaz9e4 ---- ,light ,on ,! ,la/ ,?+s4 ,by ,william ,b4 ,hayd54 ,publi%+ ,h\se ( ! ,new ,j]usalem4 #bj ,coop] ,union4 #ahfi4 ,we are r surpris$ n to see on ! title-page ( ?is book1 publi%$ by ord] ( ! ar*angel ,gabriel4 ,x gravely in=ms u t ! ,la/ ,judgm5t =etold by ,daniel1 & 9 ! book ( ,revelation1 took place z describ$ 9 t book1 9 ! ,_w ( ,spirits1 9 ! ye> #ageg1 ^u ^? :o _h accumulat$ !re s9ce ! ,"l's fir/ appe>+ ?us f9i%+ ! disp5sation 9 hades4 ,! la/ judgm5t once inaugurat$1 cont9ues to 'sit1' z express$ 9 ,daniel2 x con/antly proce$s h]eaft]1 z expla9$ 9 *apt] vii42 ! va/ accumulation ( ! evil communities !re w no m be all[$2 x takes effect ^u ! multitudes :o arise1 at longe/1 9 a v few ye>s4 7,p4 #ahh47 #hei ,we are glad to h au!ntic intellig5ce ( su* a gratify+ nature4 ,b ?is is n ! be/ ( x4 ,?is remov$ evil influ5ces1 = ! mo/ "p1 f ! int]m$iate _w1 replac+ !m ) good influ5ces4 ,! heav5s by ! increase ( numb]s1 & by an increas$ end[m5t ( love & wisdom f ! ,"l1 became m p[]ful1 & began imm$iately1 z a consequ5ce1 to %$ d[n _! influ5ces m p[]fully ^u mank9d1 ! *ur* & ! _w4 ,& !y 7 mov$ ne>] to m5 by ! ,"l t !y might effect ?is purpose4 ,we %rewdly suspect t our au?or has tak5 a moonlight ride on ,mohamm$'s ,alborac4 ,:oev] has ! curiosity to seek = a brief & easily readable summ>y ( t fanta/ic sy/em call$ ,sw$5borgianism w f9d x 9 ?is little volume4 ,9 po9t ( cr$ibility & reasonabl5ess ! doctr9e ( ! ,new ,j]usalem ,*ur* is ab\t on a level ) t ( ! ,koran & ! ,book ( ,mormon1 ?\gh m elevat$ & pure 9 its morality4 ,!re 0 nev] any?+ m ridicul\s ?an ! pret5sion ( its adepts to be ! true gno/ics or spiritual m51 & to look d[n on ,ca?olics z ! psy*ical or half c>nal4 ,_! doctr9e ( ! incorporation ( ! ,godhead is a crude & gross notion incompatible alike ) ! pr9ciples ( reason & revelation1 & r5d]+ ! =mation ( ei!r a s\nd !ology or a s\nd philosophy impossible4 ,! re/ ( _! sy/em is a tissue ( dreams & fancies re/+ on no?+ m solid ?an ! imag9ation ( ,sw$5borg1 & )\t ! slighte/ claim on ! att5tion ( any reasonable man4 ---- ,life ,( ,! ,bless$ ,*>les ,sp9ola1 ,s4,j41 ) a sket* ( ! o!r ,japanese ,m>tyrs beatifi$ on ! #i? ( ,july1 #ahfg4 ,by ,joseph ,brocka]t1 ,s4,j4 ,new ,york4 ,john ,g4 ,%ea4 #ahfi4 ,! subject ( ?is memoir 0 a ,jesuit mission>y 9 ,japan 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 illu/ri\s by bir? b /ill m s by 8 virtue4 ,int]wov5 ) ! sket* ( 8 life & m>tyrdom are _m incid5ts ( ! hi/ory ( ,*ri/ianity & its glori\s confessors 9 ,japan1 & an int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! rec5t discov]y ( _m ?\s&s ( ,*ri/ians :o h pres]v$ ! fai? h&$ d[n by _! ance/ors f ! days ( p]secution until ! pres5t "t4 ,! hi/ory ( ,japanese ,*ri/ianity w comp>e ) t ( ! fir/ ages ( ! *ur*1 & is by itself a suffici5t & ov]:elm+ pro( ( ! div9e tru? ( ! ,ca?olic religion4 ,su* books z ?is might be read ) pr(it by e ,ca?olic & by all :o pr(ess ! "n ( ,*ri/4 ---- ,! ,conscript3 ,a ,/ory ( ! ,fr5* ,w> ( #ahac4 ,by ,,mm4 ,erckmann-,*atrian4 ,translat$ f ! tw5tie? ,p>is edition4 ,) eight full-page illu/rations4 ,new ,york3 ,*>les ,scribn] ,co4 #ahfi4 ,^? ( our read]s :o h already p]us$ ?is /ory 9 our pages1 w d\btless be pleas$ to le>n t x is at l5g? issu$ 9 a p]man5t & sep>ate =m4 ,! volume ne$s no comm5dation f u2 & we believe t _m ,am]ican read]s w f9d 9 its pages new ideas ( w> & its horrors1 ev5 al?\gh our own battle-fields are yet sc>cely gre54 ---- ,outl9es ,( ,composition4 ,design$ to simplify & develop ! pr9ciples ( ! ,art by means ( ,ex]cises 9 ! prep>ation ( ,essays1 ,debates1 ,lectures1 & ,orations4 ,= ! use ( s*ools1 colleges1 & private /ud5ts4 ,by ,h4 ,j4 ,z&ee1 & ,t4 ,e4 ,h[>d1 ,a4,m4 ,bo/on3 ,publi%$ by ,rob]t ,s4 ,davis ,co4 ,new ,york3 ,d4 ,j4 ,sadli]1 & ,oakley ,mason4 ,philadelphia3 ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,co4 ,baltimore3 ,kelly ,piet4 ,*icago3 ,s4 ,c4 ,griggs ,co4 ,/4 ,l\is3 ,h5dricks & ,*itt5d54 #ahfi4 ,we take pleasure 9 notic+ ?is ,manual z an ef=t 9 ! "r direction4 ,9 all ! exp]i5ce ( s*ool-*ildr5 !re is no?+ m difficult or p]plex+ ?an ! art ( composition2 & few1 ev5 ( ! mo/ dilig5t1 atta9 to any degree ( ease 9 its ex]cise until matur] ye>s h taught !m ! lesson :i* ^! outl9es are int5d$ to convey1 namely1 t k prec$es spee*1 & ?\ght goes be=e expression4 #hfj ,! ye>s :i* elapse :ile ! "y writ] is le>n+ :at to say1 & h[ to say x1 w1 9 our view1 be mat]ially dim9i%$ by ! use ( su* works z ?is1 & we are glad to see1 by its impr9t1 t publi%]s appreciate its value4 ---- ,gray's ,s*ool ,& ,field ,book ,( ,botany4 ,consi/+ ( ,fir/ ,lessons 9 ,botany1 & ,field1 ,=e/1 & ,g>d5 ,botany1 b\nd 9 "o volume4 ,by ,asa ,gray1 ,fi%] ,pr(essor ( ,natural ,hi/ory 9 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity4 ,new ,york3 ,ivison1 ,ph9ney1 ,blakeman ,co4 ,*icago3 ,s4 ,c4 ,griggs ,co4 #ahfi4 ,! works ( ,pr(essor ,gray h be5 too long be=e ! public & enjoy already too wide a reputation to make necess>y any ext5d$ notice ( ?is new & collect$ edition4 ,! volume n[ be=e u is a f9e octavo ( m ?an #fjj pages1 & conta9s bo? ! pr9ciples ( ! sci5ce1 & ! classification & description ( v>i\s plants1 to ! numb] ( ne>ly ?ree ?\s& species4 ,! illu/rations are v num]\s & ( sup]ior "*2 & ! c>e :i* is display$ 9 ! revision ( ! "w1 & its adaptation to ! late/ advancem5ts ( sci5ce1 z well z ! me*anical execution ( ! book itself1 recomm5d x to all lov]s ( ! ,field1 ! ,=e/1 & ! ,g>d54 ---- ,*>lie ,bell1 ,! ,waif ,( ,elm ,isl&4 ,by ,rev4 ,elijah ,kellogg1 au?or ( ,sp>tacus to ! ,gladiators1 ,good ,old ,times1 etc4 ,bo/on3 ,lee ,%ep>d4 #ahfh4 pp4 #cbe4 ,?is book w assur$ly suit ^? = ^: special pleasure x 0 writt54 ,x ab\nds 9 /irr+ incid5t & ?rill+ adv5ture on sea & %ore1 :i*1 ?\gh sometimes "s :at exagg]at$1 w n r5d] x less acceptable to its juv5ile read]s4 ,a good moral lesson1 al?\gh n made obtrusively prom95t1 is taught 9 ! gratitude ( ! orphan ,*>lie to 8 k9d protectors4 ,h[ true1 too1 & h[ boylike 8 rem>k to 8 "m1 on h] express+ d\bt z to 8 ability to accompli% a c]ta9 project1 ,o "m6 :5 a boy gets any?+ 9 8 head1 he is b\nd to d x1 by hook or by crook4 ---- ,! ,ca?olic ,publication ,society w soon publi% a new volume = y\?1 entitl$1 ,glimpses ( ,pleasant ,homes1 by ! au?oress ( ! ,life ( ,"m ,mc,auley1 etc4 ,x w be beautifully illu/rat$ & got out 9 ! be/ /yle ( ! art4 ,! same ,society w also soon publi% ,:y ,p d n ,believe2 or1 ! ,cause ( ,infidelity1 translat$ f ! ,fr5* ( ,mgr4 ,lapot1 ( ,l\va9 ,univ]sity2 ,n ,yet3 ,a ,/ory ( ,to-,day1 by ,miss ,ox5ham2 ,impressions ( ,spa91 by ,lady ,h]b]t1 illu/rat$2 ,tales = ! ,_m2 ,! ,life ( ,fa!r ,ravignan2 ,aubrey de ,v]e's ,iri% ,odes2 & ! ?ird s]ies ( ,illu/rat$ ,sunday-,s*ool ,libr>y1 w be ready 9 a few days4 ---- ,books ,receiv$4 ,! ,triumph ,( ,fai?4 ,a ,lecture deliv]$ 9 ! hall ( ! ,coop] ,in/itute1 by ! ,rev4 ,?omas ,s4 ,pre/on1 on ! ,fir/ ,anniv]s>y ( ! ,*ur* ( ! ,epiphany1 ,sunday ev5+1 ,janu>y #aj1 #ahfi4 ,new ,york3 ,rob]t ,codd+ton1 ,publi%]1 #cff ,b[]y4 #ahfi4 ---- ,report ,( ,! ,secret>y ,( ,! ,treasury ,on ,! ,/ate ,( ,! ,f9ances ,= ,! ,ye> #ahfh4 ,wa%+ton3 ,gov]nm5t ,pr9t+ ,(fice4 ---- ,tales ( a ,gr&fa!r4 ,by ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 ,b>t4 ,second ,s]ies4 ,a4,d4 #afjc to #agjg4 ,w4 ,w4 ,swayne1 ,new ,york & ,brooklyn4