,note3 ,images ( ! orig9al pages are available ?r\gh ,int]net ,ar*ive4 ,see https3_/_/ar*ive4org_/details_/newspirit )new#jj;elli ,! ,scott ,libr>y4 ,,! ,,new ,,_s4 ,,= ,,full ,,li/ ,,( ,,! ,,volumes ,,9 ,,?is ,,s]ies1 ,,see ,,catalogue ,,at ,,end ,,( ,,book4 ,,! ,,new ,,_s4 by ,,havelock ,,ellis4 8,en portant leur plus haut degr ses s5tim5ts les plus intimes1 on devi5t le *ef de file d'un gr& nombre d'autres hommes4 ,p\r acqurir une valeur typique1 il faut tre le plus individuel qu'il e/ possible40 ,?ird ,edition1 ) a ,new ,preface4 ,london3 ,walt] ,scott1 ,ltd41 #bd ,w>wick ,lane1 ,pat]no/] ,r[4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,,preface vii ,,introduction #a ,,did]ot #cd ,,he9e #fh ,,:itman #hi ,,ibs5 #acc ,,tol/oi #agd ,,conclusion #bbh ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,?ird ,,edition4 ,no alt]ations h be5 made 9 ?is edition4 ,x is true t ?ree ( ! figures "h /udi$ 7 liv+ :5 ! book 0 writt52 b _! g5ius _h matur$1 _! "w 0 = ! mo/ "p done4 ,no?+ !y c\ld produce w\ld s]i\sly modify "o's conception ( !m z aborig9al p]sonal =ces1 ! outcome ( ! pa/1 ! initiators ( ! future4 ,ap>t f ?is1 x seems to me a mi/ake to manipulate or add to "o's own complet$ "w4 ,if ,i 7 to re-write x1 ,i %\ld d\btless write x diff]5tly2 ! ,conclusion1 = in/ance1 :i* is e>lie/ 9 date1 seems to me n[ r =mal & metaphysical4 ,b = ! mo/ "p ,i h no?+ s]i\sly to alt] or to omit4 ,i h sometimes be5 ask$ :y1 9 a discussion ( "s ( ! new influ5ces ( ! pa/ c5tury1 ,i h left out repres5tative m5 :o h made s great a /ir 9 ! _w4 ,goe!1 x may possibly be true1 /alks ?r\gh e page1 b :]e are ,kant1 ,hegel1 ,augu/e ,comte1 ,john ,/u>t ,mill1 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]8 ,i _c rememb] ev] propos+ to include ^! names4 ,! reason may be cle>] if ,i m5tion o!r names ,i once wi%$ to include1 al?\gh--p>tly d\bt+ my compet5ce to discuss !m1 p>tly fe>+ t _! introduction might seem to int]f]e ) ! unity ( ! book--,i ultimately refra9$4 ,"o 0 ,burne ,jones4 ,i %all nev] =get h[1 z a y\? 9 ! ,public ,libr>y at ,sydney1 ,i turn$ ov] ! leaves ( a volume ( et*+s & sudd5ly alight$ on 8,m]l9 & ,vivi540 ,some?+ ,i knew ( ,botticelli1 ,lippi & ! re/1 & ,i _h brood$ ov] _! antique my/]y & *>m2 b "h 7 all ! my/]y & ! *>m br\ght d[n among u f ! _w :]e sa9ts /& /iff & aureol$1 & angels walk tip-toe on lily cups4 ,! fifte5? c5tury arti/s ( ,fl&]s & ,v5ice & ,flor5ce introduc$ u into a frankly sup]natural _w1 & !y delight$ l *ildr5 to scatt] ri* fruits on ! gold5 floors1 & to /ick peacocks' fea!rs into ! bejewell$ walls4 ,x is a r>] & subtl] art to sugge/ t inf9itely remote _w :ile accept+ ! au/]e conditions ( our own e>?4 ,! pale gho/s ( ,puvis de ,*avannes' frescoes are a f>-(f sugge/ion ( ?is art2 & "o ?9ks too ( ! mod]n magician :o has br\ght be=e u ! tw9kl+ ( ,salome's feet by ! r$ blood f ! ,bapti/'s head1 curdl+ amid ! fl[]s2 ! ri*-rob$ daught]s ( ,apollo among ! olives2 ! my/ic elephant 9 solemn fe/ival1 ga!r+ ! lotus ) 8 trunk z 8 feet pla% sl[ly 9 ! cle> wat]s ( ! sacr$ lake4 ,b ! %ad[y art ( ,puvis1 ! wayw>d & limit$ art ( ,gu/ave ,moreau1 come %ort ( ! consi/5t & completely realis$ art :i* has be5 atta9$ by ! pa9t] :o /&s =? 9 ! eyes ( ,europe z ! greate/ imag9ative arti/ ( ,engl&4 ,x is a new syn!sis ( ! _w ( nature & ! _w ( dreams4 ,! ?ree wom5 :o dance 9 ! =egr\nd ( 8,! ,mill0 tell u ( a c\ntry :]e human joys & sorr[s1 hopes & fe>s1 are set to a diff]5t measure1 & sung 9 unkn[n keys4 ,a /range & tr\bl\s art1 x seems sometimes1--l ! s9u\s melodies ( ,r5an1 :i* seem to belong to "s f>-haunt$ pa/1 & yet conta9 ! intimate secrets ( our own he>ts1--b x fasc9ates & holds u z ?\gh music became visible be=e our eyes4 ,x op5s be=e u a new & delightful pa?way into ! l& ( dreams4 ,ano!r 0 ,augu/e ,rod94 ,to m\ld ! human figure has be5 an amusem5t = man s9ce ev] he c>v$ wood or ind5t$ clay4 ,x 0 left = ! sculptors ( ,egypt & ( ,greece & ( ,italy to =m human figures ( /one1 n z a m]e symbol ( ! reality1 b z a revelation ( _! own moods & visions ( beauty or passion2 & s9ce !n ! amusem5t has fall5 back into conv5tion & symbol1 al?\gh ! pla/ic repres5tation ( ! mod]n human body1 etiolat$ & hidd51 (f]s few] difficulties ?an its repres5tation 9 pa9t+ :i* ,millet & ,degas h 9 v>y+ ways /riv5 to a*ieve4 ,n[ ev5 ! great sculptors ( old only sugge/ to u beauty or grace or /r5g? t has become conv5tional2 !y reveal no?+4 ,9 ?is man's "w ! =m t is close/ to u ( all =ms 9 ! _w1 t we cl+ to f ! day ( bir?1 & t rema9s ) u1 half-se5 or div9$1 until ! day ( dea?1 has be5 reveal$ anew1 j z new aspects ( light h be5 reveal$ by ,claude ,monet4 ,x is ! anci5t human way-worn & passion-us$ =m1 r5d]$ ) pa!tic tru?1 & yet we feel t we h nev] truly se5 ! human body be=e4 ,we m>vel h[ expression c be c>ri$ s f> )\t pass+ ! b\nds ( nature & simplicity4 ,x is f> f ! me?od ( ,mi*elangelo1 ,rod9's imm$iate pr$ecessor1 ) :om x has be5 ! fa%ion to comp>e him4 ,mi*elangelo's /up5d\s fantasy twi/$ ! human body into ! /range or lovely %apes ( 8 own inv]t$ dreams4 ,9 ,rod9's "w1 x is ?r\gh a rel5tless love ( nature t we are l$ to a new & intimate vision ( ! body4 ,! quiet arti/ 9 8 simple "w-room has be5 build+ up ?r\gh long ye>s 8 great ,gate ( ,hell2 x is ! gate ( ! joy & beauty & t]ror ( life1 express$ o!rwise ?an ^? sob] /ories ( ! old _w s *>m+ly told on t gate t 0 ?\ght wor?y ( ,heav54 ,b ?r\gh ?is gate we are l$ to a new insight ( t figure 9 ! _w :i* is close/ to u & mo/ preci\s1 su* an insight1 x may well be1 z ,pheidias & ,donatello br\ght to ! m5 ( _! "t4 ,ano!r p]sonality t ,i desir$ to analyse1 & p]haps ! greate/1 0 ,ri*>d ,wagn]4 ,! ,leipzig y\?1 :o hat$ ! tawdry t9sel ( ! !atre1 & 0 s little ( a musical prodigy t he c\ld nev] le>n to play ! piano1 impell$ by a /range in/9ct has yet wr\ght music & ! /age to a poetic height nev] be=e approa*$4 ,j z our arts rise out ( our indu/ries1 s ! manifold art ( ,wagn]--wov5 ( music & poetry & drama--rises to some?+ t is beyond art4 ,wagn] has made ! l>ge/ imp]sonal syn!sis yet atta9able ( ! p]sonal influ5ces t ?rill our lives1 & has built x on ! broade/ physiological basis ( our s5ses1 s t fai? has "h become sight4 ,su* h>mony is :at we are accu/om$ to call ,heav51 & su* art--to ! m]e musician cacophony & confusion--is truly call$ religion4 ,x w take "s "t yet be=e we und]/& its place 9 life z a new expression ( ! human s\l4 ,g5]ations mu/ pass be=e x w be possible = a great] arti/1 by a /ill wid] s5sory appeal1 to lift u to any high] ,heav54 ,x is n ! m5 ( "o idea--important z ^! are--:o mo/ truly repres5t ! _s ( an age4 ,su* m5 mo/ (t5 repres5t ! _s ( "s e>li] g5]ation1 :i* 9 !m has become def9itely cry/allis$4 ,x is ! m5 ^: ideas are /ill free 9 pung5t1 p5etrat+1 (t5 confus$ solution t we may c\nt ne>e/ to ! natural =ces ( an age1 & x is ^! t are mo/ int]e/+ to analyse4 ,9 su* m5 ! feebl] in/9cts ( _! fell[s are conc5trat$1 & ! flam+ en]gy ( _! spirits attracts few1 repels mo/1 ( _! fell[s4 ,x is1 no d\bt1 because ( ?is high degree ( emotional exaltation t ^! m5 br+ u to religion4 ,x all comes to religion4 ,i w\ld po9t out to ^? :o ?9k t ?is result ne$s apology1 t su* m5 d n br+ be=e u ! pale1 animi/ic *ildr5 ( dreams1 :o = s _m ages h s\ght ) _! %ad[y arms to beckon m5 away f ! _w to a home on ! o!r side ( ! sky1 b ! robu/ *ildr5 ( our work+ life1 ! (fspr+ ( our liv+ en]gies & emotions1 ! h>monis$ satisfaction ( all t we h liv$1 ( all t we h felt4 ,s ! 8new _s0 br+s u to "o ( ! mo/ anci5t modes ( human emotion4 ,i s\ght to emphasise ?is 9 my ,introduction z well z 9 ! ,conclusion1 n altoge!r successfully = "s ( my read]s1 :o h be5 l$ to cr$it me ) virtues ( mod]nity to :i* ,i c make no claim4 ,s f> f be+ 8an apo/le ( mod]nity10 ! 8new _s0 t ,i am conc]n$ ) is b a quick5+ 9 ! pulse ( life su* z may take place 9 any age1 ?\gh my trac+s are only ( a rec5t accel]ation4 ,! greate/ manife/ation ( ! new _s t ,i "k ( took place long s9ce 9 ! zoological hi/ory ( ! race :5 ! imm$iate ance/or ( man began to walk on 8 h9d legs1 s develop+ ! skilful h&s & re/less bra9 t br\ght s9 into ! _w4 ,t /range & p]il\s me?od ( locomotion--:i* c>ri$ o!r diseases & disabilities 9 its tra91 m concrete ?an s9--m>k$ a revolution>y outbur/ ( new life wor? contemplat+4 ,yet ev5 among ! lat] & m9or movem5ts ( life x is n ! mo/ rec5t t to me p]sonally are ! mo/ attractive4 ,! ,eiffel ,t[] does n ?rill me l ! gray t[]s ( ,*>tres2 ,i f9d ! /reets ( ,z>agoza m int]e/+ ?an ^? ( ,man*e/]4 ,&1 on ! o!r h&1 !re are mod]nities :i* seem to me old1 v old1 old] ?an life itself4 ,to say ?is is no d\bt to confess t ! p]sonal elem5t has a l>ge place 9 ?is /udy ( ! 8,new ,_s40 ,& x is true t1 h[ev] hone/ a piece ( me*anism y\r sphygmograph may be1 if x is alive !re is a v consid]able p]sonal equation :i* y mu/ make up y\r m9d to reckon )4 ,i believe ,i am n altoge!r incapable ( sl++ facts at ! head ( ! ,briti% ,golia? 7) purely b5evol5t int5tions71 b on ?is occasion ,i wrote = my own pleasure3 let me apologise to ,golia? = any annoyance ,i may s h caus$ him4 ,i wi%$ to speak = once1 s f> z might be1 9 my own voice1 glad if "h & !re a read] c>$ to foll[ my impati5t track1 furni%+ f ! /ores ( 8 own k & intellig5ce :at 0 lack+ 9 comm5t>ies & pices ju/ificatives4 ,i wi%$ at ! outset to take a bird's-eye view ( ! _w z x pres5t$ itself to me p]sonally1 only indicat+ by m]e h9ts ^? p>ts ( ! field 9 :i* ,i 0 m specially conc]n$4 ,& ,i wi%$ also to indicate--p]haps once = all--my own fai? 9 ^? l>ge facts ( nature :i* are unaffect$ by p]sonal equation1 & :i* h>monise all our petty individual activities4 ,nature is b5t on h] own ends1 & ) inf9ite +5uity uses all our en]gies to c>ry out h] idea ( increas+ & multiply+ ! c\ntless =ms ( life4 ,dea? itself is b an accid5tal aft]-?\ght1 a b5eficial adaptation--z ,weismann w\ld h u express x--only affect+ ! body1 t s]vant ( ! immortal g]m-cells :i* has gr[n s l>ge & arrogant s9ce ! days :5 we ,metazoa 7 "y 9 ! _w4 ,t is ! "o ma/]-?\ght ( ,nature1 or--%all we say8--h] sy/ematis$ delusion1 h] dlire =me *ronique4 ,b ! malady1 if x is "o1 is incurable4 ,a fri5d ( m9e1 "u ! influ5ce ( nitr\s oxide1 once f\nd himself face to face ) ! ,almighty4 ,be+ a man ( e>ne/ & philosophic temp]am5t1 he took advantage ( ! opportunity to dem& passionately ! mean+ & aim ( ?is tangl$ ske9 ( ?+s 9 :i* we f9d ourselves3 8,:y h ,y plac$ u "h8 ,= :at purpose h ,y submitt$ u to all ?is /rife & mis]y8 ,:at is ! solution ( ! riddle ( life80 ,& !n1 utt]$ 9 a *>act]i/ic bass1 came 9 "o ^w ! awful reply :i* my fri5d w nev] =get3 8,procreation40 ,i fe> t t voice is1 or might well h be51 div9e4 ,& yet :y %\ld "o 8fe>08 ,we h our brief triumph4 ,seek+ out _m curi\s ?+s1 we le>n to "k & to enjoy ! e>?4 ,nature's naughty *ildr5--:e!r arti/s or sci5ti/s or my/ics--we may /& aside1 contemplate h] great object1 & impud5tly elevate our f+]s to our nose4 ,x amuses u1 & sc>cely hurts h]4 ,%e _c refuse u ! by-play ( h] own adaptations4 ,= x all comes ( t primitive manife/ation ( ! new _s1 ! 8,fall10 :i* rais$ u on to our h9d limbs & enabl$ u to dr9k ( ! ,cid] ( ,p>adise4 ,h4 ,e4 #g? ,octob]1 #ahib4 ,,preface4 ,f our e>lie/ days we look out into ! _w ) wide-ey$ amazem5t1 try+ to discov] = ourselves :at x is l4 ,in/9ctively we mu/ sp5d a great "p ( our lives 9 se>*+ & prob+ into ! nature & drift ( ! ?+s among :i*1 by a volition n our own1 we 7 project$4 ,to-day1 :5 we /&1 z x 71 at ! beg9n+ ( a new era1 & :5 we h be5 celebrat+ ! c5t5>y ( ! mo/ significant ev5t 9 mod]n hi/ory1 an individual :o1 = 8 own guidance1 has done 8 "p 9 ?is se>*+ & prob+1 may p]haps be all[$ to pres5t "s ( ! results1 n claim+ to be an exp]t1 n desir+ to impose on o!rs any private s*eme ( ! univ]se4 ,! pulse ( life runs /rong & fa/2 ,i h tri$ to br+ a s5sitive lev] to t pulse "h & !re1 to det]m9e & record1 z delicately z ,i c\ld1 its rhy?ms3 ! pap]s ,i n[ pres5t might be call$ a bundle ( sphygmographic trac+s4 ,a l>ge "p ( "o's inve/igations into ! _s ( "o's "t mu/ be made ?r\gh ! m$ium ( lit]>y p]sonalities4 ,i h select$ five su* typical individuals2 x is ! intimate ?\ght & secret emotions ( su* m5 t become ! common prop]ty ( aft] g5]ations4 ,:5ev] a great lit]>y p]sonality comes be=e u ) ^! imp]ative claims1 x is our bus9ess to discov] or div9e its fundam5tal in/9cts2 we ought to d ?is ) ! same au/]ity & ke5-ey$ p5etration z1 if we 7 wise1 we %\ld ex]cise 9 *oos+ ! comrades ( our daily life4 ,he poses well 9 public2 he has said ^? brave words on ! plat=m2 he has writt5 ^? r[s ( eloqu5t books--b :at 7"o asks oneself7 is all t to me8 ,i want to get at ! motive =ces at "w 9 ! man2 to "k :at 8 intimate companions ?\ght ( him2 h[ he act$ 9 ! affairs ( e day1 & 9 ! great crises ( 8 life2 ! fa%ion ( 8 face & =m1 ! tones ( 8 voice4 ,h[ he desir$ to appe> is ( little importance2 ,i c p]haps le>n all t x imports me to "k f a s+le involunt>y ge/ure1 or "o glance into 8 eyes4 ,?is is ! attitude 9 :i* ,i h record$1 z imp]sonally z may be1 ^! impressions ( ! _w ( to-day1 z reveal$ 9 c]ta9 significant p]sonalities2 by se>*+ & prov+ all ?+s1 to grip ! e>? ) firm] foo?old4 ,h4 ,e4 ,,! ,,new ,,_s4 ,,introduction4 ,!re is a memorable p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( ,europe :i* we call ! ,r5aissance4 ,we d well to give pre-em95ce to t l>ge effloresc5ce ( lat5t life1 b we =get sometimes t !re h be5 _m su* new expansions ( ! human _s s9ce t primitive outbur/ ( ,*ri/ianity :i* is ! mo/ int]e/+ ( all 9 mod]n times4 ,! tree ( life is always 9 bloom some:]e1 if we only "k :]e to look4 ,:at a great =gott5 r5asc5ce t is :i* 9 ! middle ( ! twelf? c5tury c5tres ar\nd ! "n ( ,abel>d6 ,x 0 no?+ less ?an ! new bir? ( ! intellect4 ,abel>d _h made anew ! discov]y t reason1 too1 is ! gift ( ,god1 & fai? 0 no long] bl9d2 f all ,europe ?\s&s ( /ud5ts ga!r$ ar\nd ! great tea*] :o dwelt 9 8 r\gh h]mitage on ! des]t pla9s ( ,troyes4 ,x 0 9 ! /r5g? ( t fea/ t m5 wove s*ola/ic cobwebs s dilig5tly t ! human _s itself seem$ = a:ile suffocat$4 ,x 0 a great r5asc5ce ( life1 a hundr$ ye>s lat]1 9 ! wond]ful ?irte5? c5tury1 :5 ,francis ( ,assisi reveal$ anew 9 8 own p]son ! ideal *>m ( ,jesus1 & a gr\p ( f9e spirits1 8 fell[s1 :o bore ! ,ev]la/+ ,gospel1--,jean de ,p>me1 ,pi]re d',olive1 ,fra ,dolc9o & ! re/1--s\ght to rebuild ! edifice ( ,*ri/5dom on ! f\ndation ( ! ,gospels1 only 9 ! end to deluge ! _w ) a plague ( grey fri>s4 ,& !n a great wave1 ) ,lu!r on its cre/1 swept across ,europe1 rea*$ at la/ ! coa/ ( ,engl&1 & left on its %ores1 z a dre>y monum5tal symbol1 ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral4 ,!re is ano!r great vital expansion ab\t ! "t ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,s9ce !n1 & *iefly z a result ( t f9al triumph ( ! middle-class ?r\gh\t ,europe1 ( :i* ! ,fr5* ,revolution 0 ! decisive seal1 ! en]gy ( ,europe1 & ( ,engl& especially1 has f\nd its ma9 outlets 9 ! developm5t ( a huge comm]cial /ructure1 n[1 9 ! op9ion ( _m1 sl[ly & fe>fully toppl+ d[n4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury has se5 ! rise & fall ( middle-class supremacy4 ,:at has be5 ! result ( x8 ,"o naturally turns fir/ to lit]ature to see ! reflection ( ! life ( a p]iod4 ,! man :o seems 9 ! eyes ( all ,engli%m51 s f> z "o c make out1 to h repres5t$ dur+ ?is c5tury ! claims ( humanity1 ( dignity1 ( :at is call$ ! spiritual side ( life1 0 ,c>lyle2 & ,c>lyle has be5 lik5$ aga9 & aga9 to ! ,joels & ,j]emiahs ( t mo/ mat]ial ,hebrew race4 ,! :ole ( 8 long day 0 sp5t 9 cry+ out to a fai?less & p]v]se g5]ation4 ,!re=e ,c>lyle nev] atta9$ ! s]5ity & hil>ity ( ^? two great spirits1 ,goe! & ,em]son1 betwe5 :om he /ood midway4 ,nor is x surpris+ t he 0 (t5 bl9d$ by ! smoke & heat ( a l& t _h become "o huge ,black ,c\ntry1 & t he f\ght aga9/ fre$om1 & sometimes mi/ook 8 fri5ds = enemies4 ,nor aga9 is x surpris+ t ( ! two great poets :o occupy ! c5tre ( ! c5tury1 "o f\nd inspiration 9 ! blund]s ( a ,crimean w> & ! royal repres5tative ( respectable middle-class *ivalry1 :ile ! o!r gave himself up to m>vell\s feats ( psy*ological gymna/ic4 ,mat!w ,arnold1 = 8 "p1 resolv$ ! discords ( 8 "t 9 ! au/]e calm ( ,/oicism2 ! calm ( s\ls 8:o weigh ,life well & f9d x want+1 nor deplore2 ,b 9 disda9ful sil5ce turn away1 ,/& mute1 self-c5tr$1 /]n1 & dream no m30 practically1 h[ev]1 ,arnold f\nd x necess>y nei!r to turn away nor to be sil5t4 ,!re 0 yet ano!r solution = s5sitive s\ls3 to hide ! he>t 9 a ne/ ( roses away f ! _w1 j z ,s*op5hau]1 :o 9 ,g]many repres5t$ 9 m philosophic ve/ure ?is same vague unre/1 resolv$ x by ! aid ( 8 pr(\nd religi\s s5se 9 ref9$ & /hetic joy4 ,t is ! solution s\ght 9 :at seems to me "o ( ! mo/ exquisite & significant books ( ! c5tury1 8,m>ius ! ,epicurean40 ,= ,m>ius1 life is made up ( a few r>e & lovely visions4 ,all ! r\gh sorr[ & gladness ( ! _w1 its ,dantesque bitt]ness or its ,rabelaisian joy1 only rea*es him ?r\gh a long succession ( mirrors1 & e /rong human impulse z an att5uat$ e*o4 ,?is s]i\s1 sweet1 & ?\ghtful book is ! summ>y ( ! 8s5sations & ideas0 ( ! f9e/ natures ( an era2 z 9 c]ta9 ( ! di/+ui%$ opium-eat]s ( ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 ,col]idge or ,de ,qu9cey1 we see a ref9$ developm5t ( ! passive s5sory sides ( ! human organism ) correspond+ atrophy ( ! motor sides4 ,x is cle>ly impossible to g any f>!r on t road4 ,!re is no r5asc5ce ( ! human _s unless "s mighty lev]age has be5 at "w long previ\sly4 ,su* =ces "w und]gr\nd1 sl[ly & co>sely & pati5tly1 dur+ b>r5 p]iods1 & !y meet ) mu* contempt z de/ructive ( man's f9] & high] nature2 b1 9 ! end1 x is by ^! t ! f9] & high] is lift$ to new levels4 ,no great spiritual eruption c take place )\t ! aid ( su* lev]s4 ,:at =ces h be5 at "w dur+ ! c5tury t is n[ draw+ to a close8 ,?ree1 ,i ?9k1 /& cle>ly =?4 ,at ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 x 0 above all ! sudd5 expansion ( ! _w t inspir$ human ef=t & aspiration4 ,9 lat] days sci5ce has c>ri$ on ! same movem5t by reveal+ _w )9 _w4 ,a *ief elem5t 9 ! _s ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution 01 z ,ta9e po9t$ out1 t sci5tific activity :i* c5tr$ ar\nd ,newton4 ,9 our own "t ! impulse has come f sci5tific discov]ies mu* m revolution>y1 f>-rea*+ & relative to life1 ?an any ( ,newton's4 ,! conception ( evolution has p5etrat$ e dep>tm5t ( organic sci5ce1 especially :]e x t\*es man4 ,d>w9 p]sonally1 to :om belongs ! *ief place ( hon\r 9 ! triumph ( a movem5t :i* began ) ,ari/otle1 has be5 a trans=m+ p[] by virtue ( 8 me?od & _s1 8 imm5se pati5ce1 8 ke5 obs]vation1 8 mode/y & allegiance to tru?2 no "o has done s mu* to make sci5ce--t is to say1 all inquiry into ! traceable causes or relations ( ?+s--s attractive4 ,! great & gr[+ sci5ces ( to-day are ! sci5ces ( man--an?ropology1 sociology1 :atev] we l to call !m1 includ+ also t special & old] developm5t1 n[ become a new ?+1 ?\gh /ill reta9+ its antiquat$ "n ( ,political ,economy4 ,x is difficult = u to-day to ent] into ! /ate ( m9d ( ^? :o once t]m$ ?is ! dismal sci5ce2 if ! "q ( a man's "r to a foo?old on ! e>? is n int]e/+1 :at ?+s are int]e/+8 ,our hopes = ! evolution ( man1 & our mo/ indisp5sable guide1 are b\nd up ) all t we c le>n ( man's pa/ & all t we c measure ( 8 pres5t4 ,x 0 by a significant co9cid5ce t t great mod]n sci5ce :i* has man himself = its subject 0 creat$ by ,broca1 :5 he f\nd$ ! ,socit d',an?ropologie ( ,p>is 9 ! same memorable ye> ( #ahei :i* fir/ saw 8,! ,orig9 ( ,species40 ,man has be5 br\ght into a l9e ) ! re/ ( life2 a my/]i\s *asm has be5 fill$ up2 a few fruitful h9ts h be5 receiv$ :i* help to make ! developm5t ( all life m intelligible4 ,?is has1 on ! "o h&1 giv5 a mighty impulse to ! pati5t /udy ( nature & to ! accumulation ( facts n[ se5 to be> su* inf9ite possibilities ( f>!r advance2 j z ! discov]y ( ,am]ica 9 ! sixte5? c5tury produc$ a l _s ( adv5ture :i* l$ m5 to all p>ts ( ! globe4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ?is devotion to tru?1 ?is in/9ctive se>* aft] ! causes ( ?+s1 has become :at may be call$ a new fai?4 ,! fruits ( ?is sci5tific _s are s9c]ity1 pati5ce1 humility1 ! love ( nature & ! love ( man4 8,wisdom is to speak tru? & consci\sly to act accord+ to nature40 ,s spake ! old ,ephesian1 ,h]aclitus1 to :om1 r ?an to ,socrates1 m5 are n[ beg9n+ to look back z ! expon5t ( ! true ,greek _s2 & s also speaks mod]n sci5ce4 ,x is a fai? t has become a liv+ reality to _m2 ,clif=d1 = in/ance1 z reveal$ 9 8 8,lectures & ,essays10 has long be5 a brilliant & inspir+ memb]1 (t5 call$ typical1 ( ! company ( ^? :o are fill$ ) ! sci5tific _s4 ,huxley1 "o ( ! mo/ militant & indefatigable expon5ts ( ! sci5tific _s dur+ ! pa/ half c5tury1 has lately set =? its aim1 :i* has be5 t ( 8 own life3--8,to promote ! increase ( natural k & to =w>d ! application ( sci5tific me?ods ( inve/igation to all ! problems ( life to ! be/ ( my ability1 9 ! conviction1 :i* has gr[n ) my gr[? & /r5g!n$ ) my /r5g?1 t !re is no alleviation = ! suff]+s ( mank9d except v]acity ( ?\ght & ( action1 & ! resolute fac+ ( ! _w z x is1 :5 ! g>m5t ( make-believe1 by :i* pi\s h&s h hidd5 its ugli] features1 is /ripp$ (f40 ,x is important to note t ?is _s is becom+ widely diffus$2 x w\ld be easy to po9t to manife/ations 9 v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( ?is op5-ey$1 s5sitive obs]vation1 n pret5d+ to "k prematurely1 ready to ?r[ away all prepossessions & to foll[ ,nature :i!rsoev] h] caprices lead1 )\t cry+ 8,out ^u h]60 ,x is impossible to =eca/ ! magnitude ( ! results t w fl[ f ?is gr[+ will+ness to se>* out ! facts ( ?+s1 & to f\nd life ^u !m1 broadly & simply1 r ?an to %ape x to ! =m ( unreason$ & traditional ideals4 ,!re 0 long abroad 9 ! _w a curi\s dread ( all attempts to face simply & s9c]ely ! facts ( life4 ,?is audaci\s frankness & sc>cely less audaci\s humility ar\s$ horror & suspicion2 & ^? :o m>*$ at ! front he>d ) consid]able pa9 _m memb]s ( ! re> black-gu>d hurl+ 8,mat]iali/60 & o!r su* t]ms ( scorn at _! backs4 ,! /+ has n[ di$ out ( ^! t]ms4 ,we "k t :]ev] sci5ce goes ! purify+ brea? ( spr+ has pass$ & all ?+s are re-creat$4 ,we realize t x is1 above all1 by foll[+ ! light t is %$ by ! l[ & neglect$ ?+s--! 8survivals0--( ! _w1 t ! reasonable pa? ( progress becomes cle>4 ,we cri$ = ! moon = s _m ?\s& ye>s be=e we conqu]$ ! _w4 ,we "k at la/ t x mu/ be among our *ief e?ical rules to see t we build ! l(ty /ructure ( human society on ! sure & simple f\ndations ( man's organism4 ,^! ?ree great movem5ts are cle>ly alli$1 & c]ta9ly ! practical applications ( ?is sci5tific _s1 ( :i* !re is m to say imm$iately1 w re/ v l>gely 9 ! h&s ( wom54 ,! great wave ( emancipation :i* is n[ sweep+ across ! civiliz$ _w means nom9ally no?+ m ?an t wom5 %\ld h ! "r to education1 fre$om to "w1 & political enfran*isem5t--no?+ 9 %ort b ! b>e ord9>y rights ( an adult human creature 9 a civiliz$ democratic /ate4 ,b _m o!r *anges w foll[ 9 ! tra9 ( ^! v simple & matt]-(-fact *anges1 & x is no wond] t _m wor?y p look ) dread ^u ! sl[ invasion by wom5 ( all ! conc]ns ( life--:i* are1 aft] all1 z mu* _! own conc]ns z anyone's--z no?+ less ?an a new irruption ( b>b>ians4 ,^! good p are unque/ionably "r4 ,! developm5t ( wom5 means a re9vigoration z complete z any br\ght by b>b>ians to an effete & deg5]at+ civilization4 ,:5 we turn to ^? e>ly societies1 :i* are z lamps to u 9 our social progress1 we f9d t ! arts ( life are 9 ! possession ( wom54 ,!re=e :5 ! tor* ( sci5ce is plac$ 9 ! h&s ( wom5 we mu/ expect !m to use x z a guide ) audaci\s simplicity & directness1 because ( ^? in/9cts = practical life :i* !y h inh]it$4 ,! rise ( wom5--:o =m ! majority ( ! race 9 mo/ civiliz$ c\ntries--to _! fair %>e ( p[]1 is c]ta94 ,:e!r "o looks at x ) hope or ) despair "o has to recognize x4 ,= my own "p ,i f9d x an unfail+ s\rce ( hope4 ,"o _c help feel+ t along ! purely mascul9e l9e no /rik+ social advance is likely to be made4 ,m5 are ideali/s1 9 se>* ( weal? usually1 sometimes ( arti/ic visions2 !y h little capacity = social organization4 ,x is sometimes said t ! fundam5tal inf]iority ( wom5 is %[n by ! v few surpass+ wom5 ( g5ius 9 ! _w's hi/ory4 ,9 _! anxiety to combat ?is argum5t wom5 h ev5 enli/$ ,semiramis & ,dido into _! ranks4 ,b x is a fact4 ,= all great solit>y & arti/ic a*ievem5ts--! writ+ ( ,div9e ,com$ies1 ! pa9t+ ( ,transfigurations1 ! con/ruction ( sy/ems ( metaphysic1 ! inauguration ( new religions--m5 are )\t rivals2 ! m ab/ract & unsocial an art is1 ! easi] x is = m5 to atta9 em95ce 9 x2 9 music & 9 ! art ( erect+ philosophies m5 h _h1 lea/ ( all1 any occasion to fe> ! rivalry ( wom54 ,su* ?+s are preci\s1 al?\gh x may be t :at we call 8g5ius0 is some?+ abnormal & di/ort$1 l ^? c5tres ( irritation :i* result 9 ! pe>ls we likewise c\nt s preci\s4 ,wom5 are comp>atively free f 8g5ius40 ,yet x might probably be ma9ta9$ t ! av]age level ( wom5's intellig5ce is fully equal to t ( m5's4 ,comp>e ! m5 & wom5 among settl]s 9 ! ,au/ralian bu%1 or :]ev] else m5 & wom5 h be5 set side by side to con/ruct _! social life z be/ !y may1 & x w (t5 be to ! disadvantage ( ! m54 ,9 practical & social life--ev5 p]haps1 ?\gh ?is is yet d\btful1 9 sci5ce--wom5 w h no?+ to fe>4 ,! mo/ important m5tal sexual diff]5ce lies 9 ! relative & absolute prepond]ance 9 wom5 ( ! l[]1 t is1 ! m important & fundam5tal n]v\s c5tres4#a ,:at new =ms ! influ5ce ( wom5 w give to society we _c tell4 ,our mo/ /r5u\s ef=ts w be ne$$ to see to x t wom5 ga9 ! wid] exp]i5ce ( life1 ! l>g] education 9 ! full s5se ( ! ^w1 ! entire fre$om ( developm5t1 )\t :i* _! va/ p[] ( int]f]5ce 9 social organization might h disa/r\s z well z happy results4 #a ,! detail$ analysis ( ! elem5ts :i* wom51 by ! facts ( _! con/itution1 mu/ br+ to ! organization ( life1 _c be ent]$ into 9 ?is volume4 ,i hope to deal ) x 9 "p else:]e4 ,we mo/ ( u began 9 y\? ) lit]ature2 ! se$s ( art & imag9ation f\nd a k9dly soil 9 *ildhood & pub]ty2 & we sp5t our en?usiasm on ,scott or ,%elley1 on ,gauti] or ,sw9burne4 ,z we grew old] we tir$ ( ^!1 develop+ in/9cts t crav$ o!r satisfaction1 discov]+ sometimes ev5 t our idols _h clay feet4 ,!n we turn$ to ! ?+s t _h seem$ to u be=e s dull & /upid t we _h sc>cely look$ at !m2 we began to be fasc9at$ by economics & ! gr[? ( society1 ! problem ( surplus value turns out to be full ( attraction1 & ! hi/oric developm5t ( ! relation%ip betwe5 m5 & wom5 z *>m+ z any novel4 ,9 ! same way ! m5 ( #ahei1 :o 7 nurtur$ on 8,! ,orig9 ( ,species10 naturally & rightly turn$ _! militant en]gies aga9/ !ology & f\ght ov] ! book ( ,g5esis4 ,to-day1 :5 social r ?an !ological que/ions seem to be ! legitimate outcome ( ! sci5tific _s1 & :5 all ?+s connect$ ) social organization h become ! matt]s ( mo/ vital int]e/ to ^? :o are really alive to ! "t 9 :i* !y live1 ev5 9 y\? su* que/ions beg9 to gr[ en*ant+1 & ^? :o are old] feel ! same fasc9ation2 ! man :o %>$ ) ,d>w9 ! hon\r ( initiat+ a new sci5tific era becomes a l& nationalis]1 ,william ,morris a sociali/1 & ! poet laureate :o sixty ye>s e>li] _h sung fanta/ic poems ( a com+ ,utopia grasps at l5g? ! concrete problems ) :i* we h to deal4 ,all ?is is hopeful1 = we h sc>cely yet got to ! bottom ( ! que/ions rais$ by ! gr[? ( democracy4 ,! influ5ce ( sci5ce on life is an accompli%$ fact1 & we c di/9ctly trace its gradual developm5t2 ! influ5ce ( wom5 is on ! eve ( atta9+ its outw>d consummation1 & x is n altoge!r impossible to =eca/ "s ( ! *anges :i* x w involve4 ,b ! influ5ce ( democracy1 m talk$ ( ?an ei!r ( ! o!rs1 is mu* m vague1 complex1 & unc]ta94 ,once x 0 ?\ght t we _h b to give a vote to e adult--outside ! asylum & p]haps ! prison--& democracy w\ld be a*iev$4 ,?is crude notion has long s9ce become ridicul\s4 ,we see n[ t ! vote & ! ballot-box d n make ! vot] free f ev5 ext]nal pressure2 &1 :i* is ( mu* m consequ5ce1 !y d n necess>ily free him f 8 own slavi% in/9cts4 ,we see t enfran*isem5t does n mean fre$om1 s9ce ! enfran*is$ are capable ( runn+ 9 a bra9less & compact mob aft] any man :o is clev] en\gh to ga9 despotic influ5ce ov] !m4 ,?is is n democracy1 ?\gh x is d\btless a /ep t[>ds x4 ,if we te/ ! intellig5ce ( ! enfran*is$ by exam9+ ! p]sons :om !y elect z _! repres5tatives1 we soon realize ! trifl+ "* ( ! /ep4 ,ev5 ! free & g5]\sly democratic colonies ( ,au/ralia %[ few brilliant results by ?is te/4 ,x is h>d to get rid ( ! old di/9ction betwe5 a gov]n+ class & a gov]n$1 & to recognize t e man mu/ be a memb] ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,if democracy means a /ate 9 :i* e man %all be a freeman1 nei!r 9 economic nor intellectual nor moral subjection1 two processes at lea/ are ne$$ to r5d] democracy possible--on ! "o h& a l>ge & _m-sid$ education2 on ! o!r ! reasonable organization ( life4 ,! conception ( education has )9 rec5t times und]gone a curi\s developm5t4 ,"s ( u c /ill rememb] ! "t :5 ! ^w 8education0 meant z a matt] ( c\rse ! rudim5ts ( intellectual education only1 & :5 su* education 0 reg>d$ z a panacea = _m evils2 ?is k9d ( education has1 9 consequ5ce1 we may take x1 be5 virtually secur$ to e *ild 9 all civiliz$ c\ntries4 ,to ?is k9d ( education1 h[ev]1 x is no long] possible to attribute any satisfy+ sort ( virtue4 ,x may produce a v inf]ior ord] ( cl]k2 b education--! reasonable developm5t ( ! individual--x _c des]ve to be call$2 x m]ely puts a c]ta9 rude intellectual in/rum5t into ! h&s ( a /ill ?or\ghly un$ucat$ p]son4 ,education1 z we und]/& x n[1 mu/ be f\nd$ on ! h>moni\s ex]cise ( body1 s5ses1 & emotions1 z well z intellect2 ! :ole environm5t is ! ag5t ( education4 ,t is :y we are n[ ext5d+ ! mean+ ( ! ^w indef9itely4 ,fre% air1 good food1 manual tra9+1 ! cultivation ( ! art in/9cts1 physical ex]cise & abundant recreation1 :olesome home relation%ips--^! are a few ( ! ?+s :i* we n[ recognize z ess5tial p>ts ( ! rational education ( e boy & girl1 & :i* we are seek+ to obta9 = all4 ,nor is education 9 ?is s5se incompatible ) intellectual developm5t2 on ! contr>y1 x is ! only s\nd f\ndation = su* developm5t4 ,!re is "h no ne$ = fe>4 ,we seem1 inde$1 to be rapidly approa*+ a p]iod 9 :i* ! excessive int5sion ( k1 its conf9em5t to a few p]sons1 w give way to a m>k$ ext5sion ( k4 ,su* a process is 9 ! l9es ( our democratic advance4 ,x is = ! advantage ( ! m5 ( sci5ce :o h paid = ! seclusion ( extreme specialism by incapacity to und]/& popul> movem5ts & popul> ne$s2 x is to ! advantage ( all t !re %\ld be no impassable gulf betwe5 ^? :o "k & ^? :o are ignorant4 ,x is well to sacrifice mu*1 if we may !reby help to diffuse ! be/ ?+s t are kn[n & ?\ght 9 ! _w1 & make ! sci5tific attitude1 ev5 m ?an sci5tific results1 a common possession4 ,x is cle> t education ?us und]/ood leads directly to ! o!r great factor ( democracy4 ,education is impossible )\t social organization3 no advanc$ /age ( social organization is possible )\t a complex & diffus$ education2 !y lead up to ea* o!r & g h& 9 h&4 ,! av]age work+ man1 9 ,engl& at all ev5ts1 is n an en?usia/ = s*emes ( te*nical education2 z ?+s /&1 su* s*emes con/itute a me?od = supply+ ! capitali/ ) *eap in/rum5ts1 & ! work+ man _c be expect$ to view ) en?usiasm 8 own depreciation 9 ! m>ket4 ,at ! same "t 8 lack ( education leads him to ov]rate ! value ( a tawdry intellectual equipm5t1 & he views ) little anxiety ! gr[? ( a race ( inf]ior cl]ks1 = :om ! _w has few uses4 ,9 ,engl& ! love ( indep5d5t individual initiative & ! dislike ( all h>moni\s social organization is c]ta9ly /rong] ?an else:]e2 x is intimately associat$ ) ! be/ & wor/ qualities ( ! race1 & x has spread ov] all ! c\ntries we h ov]run4 ,= ?ree hundr$ ye>s ?is t5d5cy has _h a free field4 ,b dur+ ! la/ fifty ye>s a new in/9ct ( social organization has be5 sl[ly develop+ & ga9+ /r5g?4 ,trades unions h be5 "o ( ! mo/ pot5t influ5ces 9 ?is direction4 ,all our factory legislation has be5 a sign ( its gr[?1 & ! same movem5t has giv5 en?usiasm to ! ,c\nty ,c\ncil4 ,!re are v few ?+s 9 our daily life :i* ?is _s ( social organization is n embrac+ or promis+ to embrace4 ,! old bugbe> ( 8,/ate int]f]5ce0 7a real dang] "u s _m circum/ances7 vani%es :5 a community approa*es ! po9t at :i* ! individual himself becomes ! ,/ate4 ,x might be add$ t "u no circum/ances c\ld ! temp] ( ! ,engli% p tol]ate any consid]able am\nt ( 8,/ate int]f]5ce40 ,! communalization ( c]ta9 social functions corresponds--)\t be+ an exact analogy--to ! process by :i* physiological actions become automatic4 ,z x becomes a ,/ate function comm]ce w cease to absorb ! be/ en]gy & ent]prise ( ! _w1 & w become m]ely me*anical4 ,x may n be out ( place to po9t out t :ile ?is process ( socialization is rapidly develop+1 individual developm5t s f> f /opp+1 is progress+ no less rapidly4 ,x is too (t5 =gott5 t ! =m] is b ! means to secure ! latt]4 ,:ile we are socializ+ all ^? ?+s ( :i* all h equal common ne$1 we are m & m t5d+ to leave to ! individual ! control ( ^? ?+s :i* 9 our complex civilization con/itute individuality4 ,we socialize :at we call our physical life 9 ord] t we may atta9 great] fre$om = :at we call our spiritual life4 ,! gr[? ( social organization is n[ beg9n+ to op5 up possibilities :i* a few ye>s ago w\ld h seem$ ,utopian4 ,x _c rema9 limit$ )9 m]ely national b\nds4 ,x is conc]n$ ) ! ?+s ( :i* all h a common ne$1 & ! int]e/s ( nations are "h inextricably int]tw9$4 ,?is mu/ soon] or lat] result 9 ! =mation ( int]national tribunals1 & ?is aga9 w h decisive results 9 relation to w>--a me?od ( dispute rapidly becom+ antiquat$4 ,tw5ty-eight millions ( m51 ready to be put into ! field 7is n ?is a sugge/ive euphemism87 at a mom5t's notice1 9 a corn] ( ! _w6 ,take a plbiscite ( ! adult population ( ,europe1 ( ^: life-blood ^! tw5ty-eight millions are1 to-morr[--& :at w\ld ! rgime ( milit>ism be wor?8 ,we mu/ c]ta9ly expect to see ! same process repeat$ betwe5 nations :i* has ev]y:]e tak5 place among individuals4 ,:5 a /rong p[] to :i* appeal c be made is e/abli%$1 individuals cease to fight & become litigants2 ?is 0 se5 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 & aga91 z ,ma9e po9t$ out1 :5 a /rong ,briti% executive 0 e/abli%$ 9 ,india4 ,z soon z a suffici5tly /rong tribunal is =m$1 nations :o once w5t to w> mu/ 9 ! same way become litigants4 ,?is aga9 w h its reaction on democracy & social life4 ,along ano!r l9e we may obs]ve ! approa*+ disappe>ance ( w>4 ,! w>s ( mod]n times h1 to a l>ge ext5t1 _h comm]cial causes at _! roots4 ,! d[nfall ( unre/rict$ competition1 & ! organization ( indu/rialism1 w remove ?is cause ( w>4 ,9 ! pr(\ndly int]e/+ movem5t1 witness$ to-day 9 ! direction ( tru/s & syndicates1 we see ! natural & inevitable transition to a new era4 ,l all transitions1 x c only be effect$ ) mu* friction4 ,f "o po9t ( view x is ! la/ b>ricade ( capitalism2 f a wid] /&-po9t x is ! =g+ ( a huge in/rum5t to be tak5 up ev5tually by a va/ int]national community :o w ?us control ! means ( provid+ = !mselves by me?ods ( simple & unev5tful r\t9e4 ,be=e int]national organization c be realiz$ !re seems little d\bt t a p]iod ( protective national organization mu/ int]v5e4 ,at pres5t !re is a float+ population ( ! weake/ & less capable--unable to emigrate to a new c\ntry--always fl[+ f a poor] c\ntry into a less poor c\ntry1 & be>+ ) !m ! se$s ( vagrancy & crime4 ,no progress is possible if e little r$eem$ pat* is at once flood$ f ov] sea4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ also1 t ! dykes necess>y to regulate ! float+ population are requir$ ev5 9 ! int]e/s ( ! poor] c\ntries4 ,we are approa*+ a "t :5 ! g5]al spread ( in=mation1 especially by means ( newspap]s1 w r5d] x impossible = any c\ntry to tol]ate ! fact t ! g5]al level ( its p's exi/5ce %\ld exce$ 9 wret*$ness t ( any o!r nation4 ,! evolution ( a bett] /ate c only take place by ! pressure result+ f ! pres5ce ( ^! outca/ elem5ts ( society4 ,to reject !m is b to disguise ! condition ( a nation & to imp]il its de/9y4 ,! de/9y & fate ( nations has always fasc9at$ ! popul> imag9ation1 & ! de/9ies ( nations are n[ %ap+ !mselves be=e our eyes ) s+ul> cle>ness4 ,)9 a measurable p]iod ( "t ,france w h become a beautiful dream2 all ,fr5*m5 w be ,belgians or ,italians1 ! races :i* h already 9 l>ge measure tak5 possession ( ! c\ntry2 x is a process :i* ,fr5*m5 !mselves obs]ve & *ronicle ) pa9ful int]e/4 ,b ,france has already accompli%$ a great "w among ! nations4 ,( wid] significance is ! developm5t ( ,russia4 ,= v>i\s reasons ! position ( ,russia is peculi>4 ,! y\nge/ ( ,european nations 9 civilization1 ) a /rong ,asiatic elem5t by position & race1 ,russia is approa*+ ! task ( social organization ) a diff]5t end[m5t f t possess$ by any o!r nation4 ,?is racial end[m5t1 :ile imp>t+ a curi\s fre%ness to its me?ods ( deal+ ) ,european problems1 especially fits x = its great mission ( dom9at+ ,asia4 ,to ! ,engli% x has nev] be5 easy to f9d a modus viv5di ) l[] races1 or races :i* we are pleas$ to consid] l[]2 ! v qualities :i* give u insul> indep5d5ce & t\ghness ( fibre1 unfit u = ! o!r task4 ,b ! ,russian temp]am5t1 z is n[ g5]ally recogniz$1 is peculi>ly adapt$ = m+l+ h>moni\sly ev5 ) ! fi]ce/ yell[ races & br++ !m into relation ) ! be/ ,european influ5ces2 all ^? :o c>e = humanity view ) satisfaction ! gr[+ influ5ce ( ,russia 9 ! ,ea/1 an influ5ce :i*1 we may reasonably hope1 w ov]spread ! cont95t4 ,a v l>ge field inde$ is /ill left = ! o!r great exp&+ race ( ! _w4 ,! ,engli%-speak+ races h 9 _! h&s ! great] "p ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 & ne>ly all ,au/ralia1 & "h _! special qualities f9d ample scope4 ,?is division gives no gr\nd = qu>rel2 ! ,russians h nev] _h mu* capacity = emigration 9 ! ,engli% s5se1 & ! ,engli% are beg9n+ to le>n by bitt] exp]i5ce t !y are n suit$ = ! mission ( civiliz+ ,asia2 ! ,spani% races h1 z a field = _! r5asc5ce1 n[ s rapidly tak+ place1 ne>ly ! :ole ( ! ri* cont95t ( ,s\? ,am]ica2 :ile ^? sl[1 yet t5aci\s & admirable coloni/s1 ! ,g]mans1 w be able to ga9 gr\nd 9 t ,african cont95t to :i* !y are mo/ attract$1 & :i* 0 long ago claim$ by ! ,dut* = ?is division ( ! ,teutonic race4 ,if we ,engli% are c]ta9 to make little progress :]e1 z 9 ,asia1 ! great task is conciliation1 :5 x is a "q ( /amp+ out a l[] race--!n is our "t6 ,x has to be done2 x is q cle> t ! fragile ,r$ m5 ( ,am]ica & ! /range wild ,blacks ( ,au/ralia mu/ p]i% at ! t\* ( ! ,:ite man4 ,on ! :ole we /amp !m out z m]cifully z may be1 supply+ our victims lib]ally ) mission>ies & blankets4 ,x is ! ,engli% race1 n ,engl&1 t is ?us possess+ s l>ge a "p ( ! e>?4 ,& x is int]e/+ to obs]ve t bo? ! races--almo/ ! late/ ( ! great ,european nations to em]ge f b>b>ism--t n[ promise to dom9ate ! _w are by temp]am5t dis9cl9$ = mon>*ic gov]nm5t4 ,) ! ,russians _! despotic ,empire has be5 an exotic :i* !y may h wor%ipp$ at a di/ance1 b :i*1 except z a symbol ( ! ideal1 has _h little influ5ce on _! lives4 ,we c only det]m9e ! in/itutions t w develop heal?fully 9 a c\ntry by a c>eful & pati5t /udy ( t nation's orig94 ,:y is ! p>liam5t>y sy/em a dubi\s success 9 ,france1 & ! jury an ackn[l$g$ failure 9 ,italy8 ,"o wat*es anxi\sly to see :e!r ,russia w f9d ! me?ods ( national progress 9 ! brilliant b fatal examples ( a =eign ,we/]n civilization or 9 ! fundam5tal in/9cts ( its own race4 ,! ,engli% h always be5 impati5t ( k+s & gov]nors1 & h tak5 e opportunity to e/abli% republican gov]nm5t4 ,we see ?is 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 ,au/ralia ! race is develop+ its mo/ int5sely democratic in/9cts1 & ! ,au/ralians w c]ta9ly n tol]ate any attempt to draw !m clos] to any c\ntry outside _! own l&4 ,engl& has1 dur+ ! pres5t c5tury1 ow+ to special conditions1 occupi$ a position 9 ! _w enorm\sly disproportion$ to its size4 ,^! special conditions are n[ rapidly ceas+2 ! ,suez ,canal1 :i* has dealt s decisive a bl[ to ! comm]cial greatness ( ,engl&1 has made x m difficult ?an ev] = u to ma9ta9 ! artificial position ( advantage :i* we possess$ z di/ributors2 s t ,engl&1 z a di/ribut+ p[]1 is be+ r$uc$ by ! failure ( ! ,cape r\te to ! same condition z ,v5ice 0 r$uc$ to by its discov]y4 ,nor is x m]ely z a di/ribut+ p[] t ,engl& is los+ its position2 x is los+ its position--relatively1 t is--z "o ( ! great produc+ p[]s ( ! _w4 ,!re w soon be no reason :y ! co>se products ( a great "p ( ! e>? %\ld be s5t all ! way to a small nor!rn c\ntry to be return$ 9 a m or less ugly & adult]ate manufactur$ condition4 ,we witness to-day ! wond]ful developm5t ( ,india z a c5tre ( production4 ,9 ! colonies ! beg9n+s are small1 b !y are rapidly increas+2 9 ^! matt]s x is ! fir/ /ep t co/s2 :ile a well-m>k$ t5d5cy to protection1 n likely on ! :ole to dim9i%1 t5ds to make bo? ,am]ica & ,au/ralia self-dep5d5t1 &1 9 ! ,ea/1 ,japan is becom+ a controll+ =ce t has to be reckon$ )4 ,we are /ill1 inde$1 f> f ! "t :5 ! *ief indu/ry ( ,engl& w be ! ,fremd59du/rie1 b we may already trace ! developm5t ( ,engl& z a museum ( antiquities & z a ,holy ,l& = ! :ole ,engli%-speak+ race4 ,ev]y:]e1 = ^? :o h be5 born 9 ! colonies1 ,engl& is a remote l& ( glam\r & tradition1 a l& ( sacr$ associations & /range old-_w cu/oms1 & ! mo/ radical coloni/ is a cons]vative :]e ! old c\ntry is conc]n$4 ,ev]yone :o has liv$ 9 ! colonies has come ^u ?is attitude ( s5tim5t1 p]haps ) a %ock ( surprise2 nor is x easy at once = a prosaic ,london] to realize ! feel+s ( ! man :o arrives = ! fir/ "t 9 ! l& ( 8 fa!rs & beholds ,f5*ur* ,/reet & ,*eapside ?r\gh an atmosph]e ( old romance4 ,yet ?is emotional attitude w develop mightily ) ! developm5t ( ,engli%-speak+ nations1 & w b be /r5g!n$ by ! dy+ d[n ( ,engl&'s political & comm]cial activity4 ,e c\ntry mu/ succumb at la/1 b to succumb to its own *ildr5 is a happi] fate ?an ev] befell any great c\ntry ( old4 ,x has be5 necess>y to take ?is brief survey ( ! influ5ces t are n[ modify+ ! face ( ! civiliz$ _w1 = x is 9 ?is !atre & "u ^! conditions t ! ?ree great mod]n =ces t we %all meet ) ?r\gh\t ?is book are act+4 ,:at impresses "o is ! va/ resonance :i* n[ accompanies e human a*ievem5t1 because ( ! communalization & ext5sion ( ! me?ods ( int]c\rse4 ,x has become "o ( ! *ief tasks ( sci5ce to atta9 unity1 unity ( /&>d & measure & nom5clature2 ?is has be5 ! object ( numb]less conf]5ces4 ,x is to atta9 ?is end t ! ef=ts to manufacture a univ]sal language h obta9$ "s support1 fruitless z !y h hi!rto be54 ,x 0 by a :olesome in/9ct t m5 =m]ly clung to ,lat9 z ! univ]sal language ( educat$ ,*ri/5dom2 ! humaniz+ int]c\rse :i* by means ( a common language broke ?r\gh ! b>ri]s ( race1 =ms "o ( ! mo/ *>m+ features ( ! e>ly ,middle ,ages4 ,! equally :olesome in/9ct ( individual developm5t has int]v5$2 b ! o!r aga9 becomes dom9ant1 & ! univ]sal language becomes m & m inevitable e day4 ,ar\nd x w c5tre ! *ief /ruggle & ! *ief triumph ( ! sci5tific _s4 ,! v spl5d\r & inevitable impetus ( ^! mod]n movem5ts is produc+1 "h & !re among u1 a reasonable reaction1 a reaction aga9/ ! hurry & excitem5t ( mod]n life4 ,& yet1 p]haps1 less a reaction ?an _! natural outcome & developm5t4 ,x is by art & religion t m5 h always s\ght re/4 ,art is a _w ( man's own mak+1 9 :i* he f9ds h>moni\s developm5t1 a developm5t t satisfies because fram$ to ! measur+-rod ( 8 mo/ delicate s5ses4 ,religion is ! anodyne cup--inde$ ( our own blood--at :i* we slake our ?ir/ :5 our he>ts are torn by p]sonal mis]y1 or we>y & di/ract$ by life's heat & re/less hurry4 ,at times1 ! great motor in/9cts ( our nature1 impell+ u by a =ce t we _c measure or control1 cause u to break up our da9ty h\se ( art1 or to da% d[n bravely ! cup ( heal+4 ,b we %all always return to !m aga92 !y1 too1 repres5t an in/9ct at ! root ( our be+4 ,9 ! recognition ( ?is h>mony lies ! secret ( wise liv+4 ,religion is hidd5 by _m a /range g>m5t1 b its he>t is ! same1 & built firmly into ! human /ructure4 ,! old my/ic spoke truly :5 he def9$ ,god z an unutt]able sigh4 ,n[ & aga9 we mu/ draw a deep brea? ( relief--& t is religion4 ,t no intellectual belief or op9ion is necess>ily b\nd up ) religion1 x is n[adays unnecess>y to %[4 ,to h[ _m has ,s*op5hau]--an indiff]5t philosoph]1 b a great ma/] ( ! secrets ( religion--br\ght f af>1 into ! light ( ! mod]n _w1 ! my/]ies ( ! s\l t seeks = consolation8 ,a we>y & di/ract$ creature1 at w> ev5 ) himself1 he 0 ( ^? = :om ! ,k+dom ( ,heav5 is especially made2 he s\ght & f\nd1 & m\ld$ into ! sweet h>monics ( 8 prose1 ! ?+s t make = re/ & = consolation--& :o is n sometimes we>y & di/ract$1 & 9 ne$ ( re/8 ,we ,engli%1 x is true1 are n an aborig9ally religi\s p2 we are great 9 practical life1 & we are m>vell\s poets2 b :ile we h an imm5se appetite = import$ religion1 we h nev] ourselves ev5 produc$ "o ( ^? manuals ( piety :i*1 s9ce ! days ( ,lo-tsze1 h become ! common possession ( ! dev\t ev]y:]e4 ,"o little ,en*eiridion alone !re is1 s f> z ,i "k1 9 :i*1 dur+ rec5t ye>s1 an ,engli% writ] has br\ght e*oes ( old times1 ( exhil>ation or ( peace1 into =ms :i* enable ! *ildr5 ( to-day to be at "o ) ^? ( =m] days4 8,quid nobis cum g5]ibus et speciebus80 ask$ ! au?or ( ! 8,imitation40 ,hugo de ,/4 ,victor 0 driv5 to religion by ! b>r5ness ( dialectics3 8,tru? _c be discov]$ by ratioc9ation10 he said2 8x is by :at he is t man f9ds tru?40 ,to-day1 ,edw>d ,c>p5t] escapes f ! burd5 ( sci5ce to f9d joy = a:ile 9 ! p]5nial f\nta9 :i* spr+s up )91 & :i* ! measur+-rod ( sci5ce has nev] met$4 8,t[>ds ,democracy0 has a quality ( its own1 :i* _m h ta/$ ) delight1 & :i* w probably give x place ) ^? s\rces ( joy kn[n to few1 b well lov$ ( ^? few4 ,= religion is a my/]y1 into :i* n all ( u are initiat$4 ,! road to ! ,k+dom ( ,heav51 z x 0 well said ( old "t1 is n>r[1 & bless$ are !y :o1 hav+ rea*$ x1 /ay b a little :ile6 ,to dr9k deep ( t cup is to h all ! motor en]gies ( life p>alyz$4 ,art rema9s to give u ! same joy & refre%m5t1 9 m v>i\s1 :olesome1 & acceptable =ms4 ,= art is no?+ less ?an ! _w z we ourselves make x1 ! _w re-m\ld$ ne>] to ! he>t's desire4 ,9 ?is con/ruction ( a _w ar\nd u1 9 h>moni\s response to all our s5ses1 we h at once a heal?y ex]cise = our motor activities1 & ! re/ful satisfaction ( our s5sory ne$s4 ,art1 z no m]e passive hyp]/hesia to ext]nal impressions1 or exclusive absorption 9 a s+le s5se1 b z a _m-sid$ & active delight 9 ! :ol5ess ( ?+s1 is ! great re/or] ( heal? & re/ to ! en]gies di/ract$ by our turbul5t mod]n movem5ts4 ,?us und]/ood1 x has ! firme/ ( sci5tific f\ndations2 x is b ! reasonable satisfaction ( ! in/9ctive crav+s ( ! organism1 crav+s t are n ! less real = be+ (t5 unconsci\s4 ,its satisfaction means ! pres5ce ( joy 9 our daily life1 & joy is ! prime tonic ( life4 ,x is ! gratification ( ! art-in/9ct t makes ! :olesome /imulation ( lab\r joy\s2 x is 9 ! gratification ( ! art-in/9ct t repose becomes joy\s4 ,! fanatical comm]cialism t has fill$ s mu* ( our c5tury made art impossible--s impossible t beyond "o or two voices1 rais$ to hy/]ical scream1 no "o d>$ to prote/ aga9/ x4 ,! satisfaction ( ! art-in/9ct is n[ "o ( ! mo/ press+ ( social ne$s4 ,9 ,engl&1 ,william ,morris probably /&s fir/ among ^? :o h p]ceiv$ ?is weighty fact4 ,a man ( imm5se en]gies & v>i$ activities1 "o ( ! greate/ mod]n ma/]s ( ,engli% spee* & poet-craft1 an ard5t advocate ( ! mo/ advanc$ social ideas ( 8 "t1 he has sl[ly felt 8 way to ! realization ( ! tru?1 t ! secret ( good liv+ is ev5 economically involv$ 9 ! communalization ( art4 ,our mo/ glori\s dream]1 he has plac$ ?is conception at ! f\ndation ( 8 lovely & sub/antial visions4 ,x is true1 inde$1 t we h already an art 9 :i* = ! great mass ( p to-day our desires & /ruggles & ideals are fai?fully mirror$4 ,! great art ( ! c5tury has be5 fiction4 ,x is common1 among "s writ]s1 to speak contemptu\sly ( novels1 b ! mass ( contempor>y fiction has a value t is little realiz$1 & p]haps is n likely to be realiz$1 = "s "t to come4 ,!re is a v l>ge & wond]ful & little-read collection ( fiction1 ! 8,acta ,sanctorum10 9 :i* ! :ole life & s\l ( a remote p]iod are laid b>e to u4 ,x is1 l our own fiction1 a fiction t is m ?an half reality1 & x has (t5 seem$ to me t ! novels ( ?is c5tury w 9 ! future be f\nd to h precisely ! same value z ! 8,acta ,sanctorum40 ,= ! novel is contempor>y moral hi/ory 9 a deep] s5se ?an ! ,de ,gonc\rts meant4 ,_m novels ( to-day w be f\nd to express ! di/9ctive features ( our age z truly z ! di/9ctive features ( ano!r age1 its :ole inn] & out] life1 are express$ 9 ,go?ic ar*itecture4 ,william ,morris looks back wi/fully t[>ds ! popul> art ( ! ,middle ,ages1 & deals out scorn to ! novel2 he is unju/ to our mod]n popul> art4 ,yet1 by a :olesome in/9ct4 ,= fiction is1 m ?an any o!r art1 ! art ( a p]iod ( repression4 ,! _w's great ages h nev] mu* c>$ to rehe>se !mselves 9 ! brood+ solitudes t ! /ory-tell] dem&s4 ,our faces n[ are turn$ 9 ano!r direction4 ,i h tri$ to obta9 & pres5t "h a fa9t trac+ ( ! evolution ( ! mod]n _s1 z x /rikes a contempor>y4 ,9 ! subsequ5t *apt]s we %all be able to trace x yet m di/9ctly1 at diff]5t /ages1 & 9 v>i\s phases4 ,did]ot1 eclips$ once1 is se5 n[1 z1 9 a manifold s5se :i* may be claim$ = no o!r man1 ! initiator ( our own day 9 all its v>i$ manife/ations1 &1 above all1 9 its practical sci5tific _s4 ,9 ,he9e we see ! mo/ *>act]i/ic1 if n ! f9e/1 arti/ ( ! second qu>t] ( our c5tury1 ! melodi\s embodim5t ( all its discords1 ! imp]sonation ( a transition :i* we h all pass$ ?r\gh1 & :i* draws u to him ) cords ( a peculi>ly p]sonal t5d]ness4 ,:itman repres5ts1 = ! fir/ "t s9ce ,*ri/ianity swept ov] ! _w1 ! re-integration1 9 a sane & :ole-he>t$ =m1 ( ! in/9cts ( ! entire man1 & !re=e he has a significance :i* we c sc>cely ov]-e/imate4 ,goe! _h done some?+ ( ?is 9 a m arti/ic & intellectual %ape2 x is f no lack ( love or rev]5ce = ,goe! t ,i h *os5 ! ,am]ican1 a democrat r ?an an ari/ocrat1 ! v r\ghness ( ^: grasp ( life s]ves b to reveal ! g5u9e in/9ct ( ! mod]n ,greek4 ,all t is f9e/ 9 ari/ocracy we see reveal$ 9 ,ibs51 a ke5 & sombre figure t rem9ds "o p]petually ( ,dante--! same curt & awful contempt = lies & = %ams1 ! same vision ( a ,heav5 beyond4 ,into su* ,k+doms ( ,heav5 x ne$s b a *ild to ent]1 & :5 ,i see ?is man ) t little diamond w$ge ( s9c]ity & ! mighty ,?or's hamm] ( 8 art1 ,i feel z ?\gh no m\nta9 ( error c\ld resi/ ! new _s t he repres5ts4 ,9 ,tol/oi we see ! manife/ation ( ano!r great mod]n =ce2 no ke5ness or cle>ness "h inde$ 9 ! int]pretation ( life1 ?\gh su* a m>vell\s p[] ( pres5tation2 yet a massive elem5tal =ce1 grop+ sl[ly & incoh]5tly t[>ds ! light1 s int]e/+ to u because we seem to be consci\s ( ! he>t ( a :ole nation1 ! great nation ( ! future1 t[>ds :i* all eyes are turn$4 ,c]ta9ly old ?+s are pass+ away2 n ! old ideals only1 b ev5 ! regret !y leave beh9d is dead1 & we are %ap+ in/9ctively our new ideals4 ,yet we are at peace ) ! pa/4 ,! /reams ( hot lava fl[ =? & cov] ! _w2 ! lava is b ! m9ute fragm5ts ( =m] life4 ,we m>vel at ! prodigality ( nature1 b h[ m>vell\s1 too1 ! economy6 ,! old cycles are = ev] r5ew$1 & x is no p>adox t he :o w\ld advance c nev] cl+ too close to ! pa/4 ,! ?+ t has be5 is ! ?+ t w be aga92 if we realize t1 we may avoid _m ( ! disillusions1 mis]ies1 insanities1 t = ev] accompany ! ?roes ( new bir?4 ,set y\r %\ld] joy\sly to ! _w's :eel3 y may sp>e y\rself "s unhapp9ess if1 be=eh&1 y slip ! book ( ,ecclesia/es b5ea? y\r arm4 ,,did]ot4 ,( ! ?ree intellectual h]oes ( ! ,revolution1 ,did]ot ex]cis$ ! lea/ app>5t influ5ce2 he 01 = ! mo/ "p1 too f> ahead ( 8 "t1 & 8 trem5d\s en]gies 7 frequ5tly ei!r conceal$ or dissipat$ along innum]able *annels4 ,! humane ,voltaire1 %ort-sight$1 b s ke5 )9 8 range1 ^: s>casm 0 always on ! side ( b5evol5ce2 ! morbid1 wrong-head$1 suff]+ ,r\sseau1 :o sp5t 8 life 9 br++ to bir? an exquisite emotional ?rill :i* is n[ a common possession--^! two m5 /ood out 9 ! eyes ( all1 !n & long aft]1 z ! /&>d-be>]s ( revolution4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,did]ot's great ,g]man contempor>y1 ,goe!1 ! only man ) :om he may fairly be comp>$1 has dur+ mo/ "p ( ?is c5tury seem$ to u ! inaugurator ( ! spiritual activities ( ! mod]n _w4 ,goe! is /ill full ( mean+2 x w be long be=e we h exhau/$ 8,wilhelm ,mei/]0 or 8,fau/40 ,p]haps1 n[ t we are s anxi\s to re=m ! _w be=e re=m+ ourselves1 we ne$ m ?an ev] ! example ( ,goe!'s self-culture & self-re/ra9t1 ( 8 wise rev]5ce = temp]ance & h>mony4 ,b ev5 ,goe!1 ) t peaceful ,weim> atmosph]e ab\t him1 seems to u a little antique & remote f our mod]n ways4 ,did]ot1 on ! o!r h&1 :o grew up & liv$ among ! v>i\s & turbul5t activities ( ! city t 0 9 8 "t ! focus ( ,european life1 appe>s be=e u n[ z a _s ( ! latt] n9ete5? c5tury1 at "o ) our aspirations to-day4 ,x 0 fitt+ t 8 works %\ld wait until our own "t = ! mo/ adequate & complete publication yet possible1 & t he %\ld n[ fir/ receive full & ungrudg+ appreciation4#b 8,at ! di/ance ( "s c5turies ,did]ot w appe> prodigi\s2 m5 w look f af> at t univ]sal head ) admiration m+l$ ) a/oni%m5t1 z we to-day look at ! heads ( ,plato & ,ari/otle40 ,s ,r\sseau wrote1 at ! end ( 8 life1 ( ! fri5d ^: unwe>y+ k9dness he--almo/ alone among human be+s--_h at la/ we>i$ out2 to-day ! prophecy seems 9 a fair way ( fulfilm5t4 #b ,! h&some edition ( ,did]ot's 8uvres0 9 "s tw5ty volumes1 edit$ by ,asszat & ,t\rneux1 conta9s ne>ly a f\r? ( previ\sly unpubli%$ mat]ial1 mu* ( consid]able int]e/4 ,! c5t5aire edition ( 8 8uvres ,*oisies10 compris$ 9 "o mod]ate-siz$ volume1 includes all t mo/ p ne$ read ( ,did]ot's works1 & is1 on ! :ole1 a mo/ v>i$ & judici\s selection1 made by su* compet5t editors z ,let\rneau1 ,lefvre1 ,guyot1 ,vron1 c4 ,mr4 ,morley's well-kn[n "w on ,did]ot & ! ,encyclopdi/s has done m ?an any?+ else to create an intellig5t ,engli% int]e/ 9 ! matt]4 ,! :ole life ( ,did]ot1 all 8 actions & all 8 words1 ev]y?+ t he wrote1 be>s ! impress ( 8 ev]-flam+ en?usiasm4 ,t 8air vif1 ard5t et f\10 :i*1 9 8 own words1 m>k$ him 9 e>ly life1 meets u at e turn4 ,z a boy at ! ,jesuit ,college he wi%$ to g out into ! _w4 8,b :at d y wi% to be80 ask$ ov] & ov] aga9 t mo/ excell5t ( fa!rs1 ! cutl] ( ,langres4 ,& ! "y ,did]ot p]si/$ t he want$ to be no?+3 8mais ri51 mais ri5 du t\t40 ,he 0 n ! la/ y\? :o1 feel+ ! /irr+ ( a deep in/9ct1 w\ld n1 & c\ld n1 %ut himself d[n to "o n>r[ pa? ( life4 ,b to ! m5 ( ?is /amp 8no?+0 means 8ev]y?+40 ,!n t5 ye>s pass$1 t5 ye>s1 z 8 daught] wrote1 pass$ 8sometimes 9 good society1 sometimes 9 indiff]5t1 n to say bad1 society1 giv5 up to "w1 to pa91 to pleasure1 to we>9ess1 to want1 sometimes intoxicat$ ) gaiety1 sometimes dr[n$ 9 bitt] reflection40 ,he taught ma!matics3 if ! s*ol> 0 apt1 he taught him all day2 if he 0 a fool1 he left him4 8,he 0 paid 9 books1 9 furniture1 9 l951 9 money1 or n at all40 ,:5 tea*+ fail$ he _h to e>n money h[ he c\ld--z by supply+ a mission>y ) a /ock ( s]mons4 ,once he _h to />ve = a few days4 ,t 0 n ! lea/ in/ructive exp]i5ce to ! y\?1 = he resolv$ t1 :5ev] he c\ld help x1 no fell[-creature %\ld suff] ! l4 ,!re c\ld h be5 no bett] education4 ,x 0 ! se$-"t ( all 8 en]gies1 ( 8 encyclopdic k1 ( 8 manifold hold on life1 ( 8 extraord9>y capacity4 ,he f\nd "t 9 ! mid/ ( x to fall 9 love ) & m>ry a pi\s1 hone/1 & affectionate girl :o happ5$ to be liv+ 9 a room ne> him1 b :o 0 s ignorant t %e once scold$ him = ! am\nt 7v f> f excessive7 t he took = 8 writ+s2 %e c\ld n imag9e t m]e writ+ c\ld be wor? s mu*4 ,t he 0 n always fai?ful to h] sc>cely ne$s to be told2 t c\ld1 p]haps1 h be5 o!rwise at no p]iod1 lea/ ( all 9 eighte5?-c5tury ,p>is4 ,!re is a deep pa?os 9 ! brief /ory ( h] long life & h] devotion to ! husb& ^: own en]gies 7 at ! s]vice ( any human be+1 h[ev] poor or disreputable1 :o c>$ to climb up ! /airs to 8 room4 ,9 ! e>ly days ( pov]ty %e w\ld make little sacrifices to procure a cup ( c(fee or simil> trifl+ luxury = h] husb&2 & dur+ 8 la/ illness1 ?\gh %e w\ld h giv5 h] life1 h] daught] wrote1 to make him a ,*ri/ian1 yet realiz+ h[ deeply root$ 8 convictions 71 %e %ield$ him f ! ef=ts ( ! or?odox1 & w\ld n leave ! p>i% cur alone ) him = an in/ant2 at 8 dea?1 ! daught] adds1 %e 8regrett$ ! unhapp9ess he _h caus$ h] z ano!r w\ld h regrett$ happ9ess40 ,b we d n regret unhapp9ess2 x is b ano!r way ( say+ t life is complex & full ( mitigation4 ,9 t5d]ness ,did]ot 0 nev] defici5t2 he 0 cle>ly a man ( deep family affection2 he seems to h inh]it$ ?is f 8 fa!r2 s judici\s a critic z ,sa9te-,beuve rem>ks t ( ! :ole gr\p ( philosophes--n em95t1 p]haps1 9 ?is respect--,did]ot 0 ! "o :o 8mo/ pi\sly cultivat$ ! relations ( fa!r1 ( son1 ( bro!r1 & :o be/ felt & practis$ family morality10 & we con/antly come across traces ( ?is 8piety40 ,he tells u ) great glee h[1 :5 he 0 once walk+ ?r\gh 8 native ,langres1 a t[nsman came up to him & said1 8,monsieur ,did]ot1 y are a good man1 b1 if y ?9k t y w ev] be equal to y\r fa!r1 y are mi/ak540 ,8 elde/ si/] seems to h _h some?+ ( 8 own d[nrightness & solidity2 he loves h]1 he says1 n because %e is 8 si/]1 b because he 8likes excell5t ?+s40 ,8 only bro!r 0 an ecclesia/ic & a bigot1 b ,did]ot dwells on ! inexhau/ible *>ity by :i* ?is r ecc5tric man _h impov]i%$ himself4 ,at ! latt] "p ( 8 life ,did]ot's lett]s are full ( pro( ( 8 t5d] love = 8 daught]1 ( ! c>e & ?\ght he devot$ to h] education1 ( ! g5tl5ess ) :i* he s\ght to op5 to h] ! my/]ies ( ! _w4 ,at ! age ( tw5ty-eight ,did]ot conceiv$ ! plan ( t 8,encyclopdia0 :i* became ! c5tral activity ( 8 life4 ,a few ye>s lat] he publi%$ 8 fir/ "w1 a free translation ( ,%aftesbury's 8,essay on ,m]it & ,virtue10 :i* indicates well ! philosophical po9t f :i* he set out4 ,x 0 foll[$1 a ye> aft]1 by ! 8,p5ses ,philosophiques10 a few brief pages1 full ( cond5s$ & vigor\s satire on ! !ologians & ( robu/ fai? 9 man & nature4 ,p]haps ! mo/ memorable is t 9 :i* he imag9es t a man1 betray$ by 8 wife1 8 *ildr51 8 fri5ds1 retir$ into a cav]n to m$itate "s awful rev5ge aga9/ ! human race1 a p]petual s\rce ( dread & mis]y2 at la/ ! misan?rope ru%$ out ( 8 cav]n %\t+4 8,god6 ,god60 & 8 fatal desire 0 accompli%$3 ?is acc\nt ( ! matt] at all ev5ts indicates h[ little1 ev5 at ?is e>ly p]iod ( 8 life1 ,did]ot sympa?iz$ ) ! fa%ionable ,deism ( 8 day4 ,! book 0 condemn$ to be burn$ by comm& ( ,p>liam5t1 b x 0 subsequ5tly re9=c$ by /ill m audaci\s additions4 ,s began *>act]i/ically1 if ) some?+ ( ! reckless impetuosity ( y\?1 a s]ies ( writ+s1 f> too long ev5 to "n "h1 _m t 7 only publi%$ at 8 dea?1 "s t are only n[ be+ publi%$1 a l>ge numb] t h probably be5 lo/ altoge!r--all m>k$ by ! same prodigi\s weal? & v>iety & eloqu5ce4 ,yet !y lie ap>t f ! great "w ( 8 life4 ,! 8,encyclopdia0 occupi$ ?irty ye>s2 ! appe>ance ( ! fir/ volume 0 ret>d$ by ,did]ot's imprisonm5t at ,v9c5nes1 & x appe>$ 9 #agea2 ! la/ appe>$ 9 #aggb4 ,! 8,encyclopdia0 0 m ?an an encyclopdia2 x 0 n f\nd$ on t ( ,*amb]s1 by :i* x 0 sugge/$1 nor is x repres5t$ by our own e/imable 8,encyclopdia ,britannica40 ,x 0 n a simple summ>y ( ! k ( ! "t1 = ! b5efit ( a community tra9$ to appreciate ! value ( sci5ce4 ,x 0 9 ! words ( ! prospectus1 8a g5]al picture ( ! ef=ts ( ! human _s 9 e field1 9 e age40 ,x 0 ! frank & audaci\s application to ! :ole ( k ( new ideas1 = ! fir/ "t l\dly proclaim$ to a society sl[ly crumbl+ to ru91 b /ill by no means p[]less4 ,x 0 an evangeli/ic ent]prise among infidels1 ) dang]s on e side1 & :]e "o holds "o's life 9 "o's h&s4 ,we may /ill appreciate ! significance ( su* a /ruggle4 ,! future 9 e age belongs to ^? :o c see fur!r ahead ?an _! fell[s1 & :o fight _! way t[>ds ! vision t !y see2 b ! risks are equally great "u any condition ( society1 & "s sort ( ,ba/ille or ,v9c5nes is always at h&4 ,did]ot 0 c]ta9ly ( all m5 mo/ fitt$ to organize & uphold ?is great "w & to c>ry x to triumphal completion4 ,he said once ( himself t he belong$ to 8 w9dy c\ntryside ( ,langres2 8! man ( ,langres has a head on 8 %\ld]s l ! wea!rcock on ! top ( ! *ur* spire--x is nev] fix$ at "o po9t40 ,he 0 sc>cely j to himself2 ) all 8 emotional vivacity & 8 read9ess to receive new impressions1 !re 0 9 him also an inf9ite pati5ce & a t5acity to hold on to ! end 9 spite ( all4 ,bo? 8 v]satility & 8 pati5ce 7 call$ = "h4 ,he 0 indefatigable1 = ev] animat+ ! wav]]s1 /imulat+ ! sl[-pac$1 fight+ ) timid publi%]s1 himself hav+ a h& 9 ev]y?+1 ev] ready to sugge/ new ideas or to sp5d mon?s 9 /udy+ ! details ( ma*9es or factories1 or any?+ else t _h to be done2 kn[+ all ! "t t at e mom5t he might be exil$ or imprison$4 ,! p]sonal qualities ( ! man1 ev5 m ?an 8 v>i$ abilities1 c>ri$ him ?r\gh4 ,someone speaks ( 88 eyes on fire & ! prophetic air :i* seem$ always ann\nc+ ! en?usiasm ( actual lab\r20 we he> ( 8 8loqu5ce f\gueuse et entranante20 &1 ) ?is1 ( 8 fem99e s5sibility1 8 wit & tact & f]tility ( res\rce4 ,we div9e ^! qualities 9 8 head z x has come d[n to u1 ?\gh 8 *>act]i/ics d n easily l5d !mselves to bru% or *isel4 ,he has himself "s rem>ks on ?is po9t4 ,9 8 ,salons he comes ^u 8 own portrait by ,van ,loo1 &1 aft] "s good-hum\r$ criticism1 he adds3 8,b :at w my gr&*ildr5 say :5 !y come to comp>e my sad books ) t smil+1 m9c+1 effem9ate old flirt8 ,my *ildr51 ,i w>n y t ,i am n l t4 ,i _h a hundr$ diff]5t faces 9 "o day1 accord+ to ! ?+ t affect$ me4 ,i 0 calm1 sad1 dream+1 t5d]1 viol5t1 passionate1 en?usia/ic1 b ,i 0 nev] z y see me !re4 ,i _h a l>ge =ehead1 v bright eyes1 tol]ably l>ge features1 a head q l t ( an anci5t orator1 a bonhomie :i* approa*$ /upidity1 & an old-fa%ion$ ru/icity4 ,i we> a mask :i* deceives ! arti/1 :e!r x is t !re are too _m ?+s mix$ toge!r1 or t ! m5tal impressions :i* trace !mselves on my face succe$ "o ano!r s rapidly t ! pa9t]'s task becomes m difficult ?an he expect$4 ,i h nev] be5 well done except by a poor devil call$ ,g>&1 :o caught me z x happ5s to a fool :o utt]s a bon mot40 ,mei/]1 ,grimm's secret>y1 :o knew ,did]ot well1 says ( him3 8,! arti/ :o w\ld seek an ideal head = ,plato or ,ari/otle c\ld h>dly meet a mod]n head m wor? 8 /udy ?an ,did]ot's4 ,8 l>ge =ehead1 uncov]$ & slightly r\nd$1 bore ! impos+ impr9t ( 8 l>ge1 lum9\s1 & f]tile _s4 ,! great physiognomi/1 ,lavat]1 ?\ght he detect$ !re "s traces ( timidity & lack ( ent]prise1 & ?is intuition1 f\nd$ only on su* portraits z he c\ld see1 has always seem$ to me t ( a ke5 obs]v]4#c ,8 nose 0 ( mascul9e beauty1 ! cont\r ( 8 upp] eyelid full ( delicacy1 ! habitual expression ( 8 eyes s5sitive & g5tle2 b :5 he became excit$ !y gleam$ ) fire2 8 m\? reveal$ an int]e/+ mixture ( ref9em5t1 ( grace1 ( bonhomie2 &1 :atev] indiff]5ce !re might be ab\t 8 be>+1 !re 0 naturally 9 ! c>riage ( 8 head1 especially :5 he began to talk1 mu* en]gy & dignity4 ,en?usiasm seem$ to h become ! mo/ natural attitude ( 8 voice1 ( 8 s\l1 ( all 8 features4 ,:5 8 m5tal attitude 0 cold & calm1 "o might f9d 9 him con/ra9t1 awkw>dness1 timidity1 ev5 a sort ( affectation2 he 0 only truly ,did]ot1 he 0 only truly himself1 :5 8 ?\ghts transport$ him beyond himself40 #c 8,timid & awkw>d 9 8 own cause10 says ,mei/] else:]e1 8he 0 sc>cely ev] s 9 t ( o!rs40 ,x 0 ! inexhau/ible pr(usion & g5]osity ( ,did]ot's g5ius :i* seems to h impress$ m5 *iefly4 ,a small lit]>y man ( ! "t wrote 8 impression ( ,did]ot1 z he appe>$ 9 lat] life1 ) :at is probably b a v mild t\* ( good-natur$ c>icature3--8,"s "t ago ,i _h a desire to write a book4 ,i s\ght solitude 9 ord] to m$itate4 ,a fri5d l5t me an ap>tm5t 9 a *>m+ h\se amid delightful sc5]y4 ,h>dly _h ,i arriv$ :5 ,i le>nt t ,m4 ,did]ot occupi$ a room 9 ! same h\se4 ,i d n exagg]ate :5 ,i say t my he>t beat viol5tly2 ,i =got all my lit]>y projects1 & ?\ght only ( see+ ! great man ^: g5ius ,i s mu* admir$4 ,i ent]$ 8 room ) ! dawn1 & he seem$ no m surpris$ to see me ?an x4 ,he sp>$ me ! tr\ble ( /amm]+ awkw>dly ! object ( my visit4 ,he guess$ x app>5tly by my air ( admiration4 ,he sp>$ me likewise ! long w9d+s ( a conv]sation :i* mu/ be l$ to poetry & prose4 ,h>dly 0 x m5tion$ ?an he rose1 fix$ 8 eyes ^u me1 &1 x 0 q cle>1 did n see me at all4 ,he began to speak1 at fir/ v l[ & fa/1 s t ?\gh ,i 0 q close to him ,i c\ld sc>cely he> or foll[ him4 ,i saw at once t my "p 9 ! conv]sation w\ld be limit$ to sil5t admiration1 a "p :i* x co/s me little to play4 ,gradually 8 voice rose & became di/9ct & sonor\s2 he _h be5 almo/ immovable2 n[ 8 ge/ures became frequ5t & animat$4 ,he _h nev] se5 me be=e1 & :5 we 7 /&+ he put 8 arms r\nd me2 :5 we 7 seat$ he /ruck my ?ighs z ?\gh !y 7 8 own4 ,if ! rapid c\rses ( 8 talk br\ght 9 ! ^w #8law1' he made me a plan ( legislation2 if ! ^w #8!atre' came 91 he (f]$ me ! *oice betwe5 five or six plans ( dramas4 ,a propos ( ! relation betwe5 ! sc5e & ! dialogue1 he recalls t ,tacitus is ! greate/ pa9t] ( antiquity1 & recites or translates = me ! ,annals or ! ,hi/ory4 ,b h[ t]rible t ! b>b>ians %\ld h buri$ 9 ! ru9s ( ar*itectural ma/]pieces s _m ( ,tacitus's *efs-d'uvre6 ,!reupon he gr[s z t5d] ov] ^? lo/ beauties z ?\gh he _h kn[n !m4 ,b if ! excavations at ,h]culaneum %\ld reveal fre% ,annals & ,hi/ories6 ,& ?is hope transports him ) joy4 ,b h[ (t5 9 ! process ( discov]y ignorant h&s h de/roy$ ! ma/]pieces pres]v$ 9 tombs6 ,& "h he diss]tates l an ,italian eng9e] on me?ods ( excavation4 ,!n 8 imag9ation turns to anci5t ,italy1 & he recalls h[ ! arts ( ,a!ns _h s(t5$ ! t]rible virtues ( ! conqu]ors ( ! _w4 ,he turns to ! happy days ( ,llius & ,scipio1 :5 ev5 ! conqu]$ assi/$ ) delight 9 ! triumphs ( ! conqu]ors4 ,he acts = me an entire sc5e ( ,t]5ce2 he almo/ s+s sev]al songs ( ,horace4 ,he concludes by actually s++ a song full ( grace & wit1 an impromptu ( 8 own at a supp]1 & recites = me a v agreeable com$y ( :i*1 to save ! tr\ble ( copy+1 he has _h a s+le copy pr9t$4 ,!n a numb] ( p ent]$ ! room4 ,! noise ( *airs makes him break (f 8 en?usia/ic monologue4 ,!n he di/+ui%es me 9 ! mid/ ( ! company1 & comes up to me z to a p]son :om "o has previ\sly met ) pleasure4 ,he rem9ds me t we h talk$ ab\t _m v int]e/+ ?+s--law1 drama1 hi/ory2 he ackn[l$ges t !re 0 mu* to be le>nt f my conv]sation1 & makes me promise to cultivate an acqua9tance ! value ( :i* he appreciates4 ,at p>t+ he gives me two kisses on ! =ehead1 & snat*es 8 h& f m9e ) g5u9e sorr[40 ,did]ot is record$ to h laugh$ he>tily at ?is sket* :5 he saw x 9 ! 8,m]cure0 ( #aggi3 8,i mu/ be an ecc5tric sort ( fell[2 b is x su* a great fault to h pres]v$ amid all ! friction ( society "s ve/iges ( ! angul>ity ( nature80 ,^! impressions are confirm$ by ^? ( ! ,empress ,ca!r9e1 ^: delicate g5]osity 9 buy+ ,did]ot's libr>y & appo9t+ him libr>ian smoo!d ! la/ ye>s ( 8 life4 ,%e wrote to ,mme4 ,ge(fr93 8,y\r ,did]ot is an extraord9>y man4 ,i em]ge f int]views ) him ) ?ighs bruis$ & q black4 ,i h be5 oblig$ to put a table betwe5 u to protect myself & my memb]s40 ,he c\ld n und]/&1 8 daught] rem>ks1 t "o mu/ n behave ! same way 9 a palace z 9 a b>n4 ,x mu/ be add$1 9 ju/ice to ,did]ot1 t ,ca!r9e 0 no lov] ( c]emony1 z %e c]ta9ly let ,did]ot "k4 ,he 0 ! same to ev]ybody2 n m ready to furni% ! ,empress ) ! plan ( a univ]sity on ! l>ge/ scale1 & 9 accordance ) ! mo/ advanc$ ideas1 ?an to write laugh+ly ,avis au public = a new pomade to promote ! luxuriant gr[? ( ! hair4 ,he 0 equally ready to ?r[ out ! brilliant sugge/ions :i* ,helvetius & ,holba* work$ into _! books 8,de l',esprit0 & ! 8,sy/me de la ,nature10 & to assi/ "s poor devil 9 tatt]s :o1 once at lea/1 aft] he _h long f$ & clo!d him1 turn$ out to be a police spy2 he 0 none ! less b\ntiful to e com]4 ,n[ we see him devis+ +5i\s ruses to obta9 succ\r = a nobleman's =sak5 mi/ress2 aga9 f9d+ a manag] = ,voltaire's com$y1 ! 8,dpositaire10 or revis+ ,galiani's 8,dialogues0 on ! :eat trade4 ,! ,dauph9 dies2 a monum5t mu/ be erect$ to him 9 ,s5s ,ca!dral2 ,did]ot is s\ght out & spe$ily submits five designs4 ,all ! m5 ( tal5t & all ! p 9 di/ress f\nd _! way to ,did]ot2 d$icatory epi/les = ne$y musicians1 plots ( com$ies = playwrights defici5t 9 inv5tion1 prefaces1 disc\rses--no "o w5t away disappo9t$ :o climb$ up to t f\r?-floor door 9 ! corn] h\se ( ! ,rue ,/4 ,b5ot & ! ,rue ,t>anne4 ,"s ( 8 b5evol5t s*emes 7 c]ta9ly ( a r dubi\s "*2 !re seems to l+] ab\t !m a t\* ( ! sanctification ( means by ends :i* we may1 if we l1 attribute to 8 ,jesuit education4 ,9 8 com$y1 8,e/-il bon8 ,e/-il m*ant80--no d\bt ! be/ ( 8 plays--he has satiriz$ himself 9 ! p]son ( ! h]o1 ,h>d\91 a man :o gets into t]rible scrapes ) 8 fri5ds f ! que/ionable devices by :i* he tries to s]ve !m2 obta9+1 = in/ance1 a p5sion = a wid[ lady by pret5d+ t h] *ild is illegitimate1 & caus+ an obdurate "m to acquiesce eag]ly 9 ! m>riage ( h] daught] by delicately sugge/+ t %e has already be5 s$uc$4 ,we f9d ,did]ot c>ry+ on v>i\s b5evol5t little intrigues ( ?is k9d :5 we read 8 lett]s to ,mlle4 ,vol&4 ,^! lett]s to ,mlle4 ,vol& =m ! mo/ *>act]i/ic & intimately p]sonal record ( himself t ,did]ot left4 ,he 0 =ty ye>s old :5 ! correspond5ce began1 & x la/$ = m ?an tw5ty ye>s4 ,( ,sophie ,vol& almo/ no?+ is kn[n2 we only cat* glimpses ( h] z a woman ( wide sympa?ies & decid$ intellig5ce1 nei!r v "y nor pretty1 & we>+ spectacles2 %e liv$ ) h] family1 :o 7 cle>ly m or?odox & conv5tional ?an h]self1 & mu/ n1 z ,did]ot frequ5tly h9ts1 see ev]y?+ t he writes4 ,( ! dep? & reality ( 8 affection = h] !re is no d\bt2 8 editors h discuss$ ! "q z to :e!r ?is affection 0 ?r\gh\t ( ! nature ( fri5d%ip only1 or :e!r1 accord+ to ! phrase ( ,sa9te-,beuve1 an h\r's passion _h s]v$ z ! gold5 key to ! mo/ preci\s & intimate secrets ( fri5d%ip4 ,?is may be z x w2 ,did]ot _h f\nd "s "o 9 ^: pres5ce he c\ld %[ himself1 )\t res]ve or precaution1 on e side ( 8 manifold nature1 & he 0 always t5d]ly grateful to ! woman :o _h procur$ him ?is sweete/ ( pleasures4 8,my ,sophie is bo? man & woman10 he wrote to h]1 8:5 %e pleases20 z su* he always address$ h]1 p\r+ out recklessly all t happ5$ to be 9 8 head1 n>rat+ ! incid5ts ( ! day1 tell+ :at he 0 ?9k+ ab\t or project+1 repeat+ curr5t sc&al or sometimes n q dec5t /ory1 fla%+ in/9ctively into wise or witty reflection2 always ) a swift1 almo/ unconsci\s p51 =gett+ n[ & aga9 :at he has already said4 ,x is only 9 ^! lett]s1 :]e he is1 z he says1 8r5d]+ an acc\nt ( all ! mom5ts ( a life t belongs to y10 t we realize ! p]sonal *>m1 ! exub]ant /r5g? & at ! same "t ! weakness ( ! man :o 9 ! mid/ ( 8 manifold en]gies bur/s out3 8,a delici\s repose1 a sweet book to read1 a walk 9 "s op5 & solit>y spot1 a conv]sation 9 :i* "o discloses all "o's he>t1 a /rong emotion t br+s ! te>s to "o's eyes & makes ! he>t beat fa/]1 :e!r x comes ( "s tale ( g5]\s action or ( a s5tim5t ( t5d]ness1 ( heal?1 ( gaiety1 ( lib]ty1 ( indol5ce--!re is ! true happ9ess1 nor %all ,i ev] "k any o!r40 ,! 8,encyclopdia0 seems to u to-day b a small portion ( ! a*ievem5t ( ,did]ot's life1 ?\gh x repres5ts ! "p t he play$ 9 relation to ! sci5ce ( 8 "t4 ,8 place 9 sci5ce has sometimes be5 wrongly /at$4 ,x has be5 said1 = in/ance1 t he anticipat$ ,lam>ck & ,d>w94 ,x is true t he wrote1 8,! ne$ produces ! organ2 ! organization det]m9es ! function10 & t ?is conta9s ! g]m ( ,lam>ck's doctr9e2 & aga91 8,! _w is ! abode ( ! /rong10 & t ?is may be said to be ! g]m ( ! doctr9e ( natural selection2 b at bo? po9ts he 0 simply putt+ into epigrammatic =m ! conceptions ( ! greate/ sci5tific g5ius ( 8 age & c\ntry1 ,buffon1 ! only man ( t "t :o 0 ca/ 9 ! same massive m\ld1 & to :om ,did]ot c\ld turn ) frat]nal delight & admiration4 ,x is to ,buffon also1 & n to ,did]ot1 t ! hon\r ( anticipat+ ,lyell belongs4 ,x is 9 8 ,baconian ?\ghts on ! int]pretation ( nature1 & aga9 9 su* a compreh5sive collection ( data z 8 notes on physiology1 discov]$ ( rec5t ye>s1 t ,did]ot's se>*+ & inquisitive sci5tific _s appe>s4 ,he frequ5tly />tles u by ! way 9 :i* he vividly realizes & foll[s out to _! legitimate conclusions ^? float+ ideas ( 8 "t :i* we are work+ out to-day4 ,above all1 & f ! fir/1 he cle>ly grasps ! fundam5tal value ( ! human body & its processes 9 ! int]pretation ( m5tal ph5om5a2 9 "o ( 8 comp>atively e>ly works1 ! 8,lettre sur les ,aveugles10 he rem>ks t he has nev] d\bt$ t 8our mo/ purely intellectual ideas are closely relat$ to ! con=mation ( our bodies40 8,h[ difficult x is10 he says else:]e1 8to be a good philosoph] & a good morali/ )\t be+ anatomi/1 naturali/1 physiologi/1 & doctor40 ,hold+ firmly by ?is clue1 he 0 con/antly try+ to fa?om ! my/]ies ( ! s\l & to picture ! processes ( life2 x is because he has realiz$ t ?is c only be done fruitfully f ! physiological side t ! 8,rve de d',alemb]t10 8 mo/ brilliant ef=t 9 ?is direction1 is int]e/+ aft] ! lapse ( a c5tury4 ,he br\ght ! same eag]1 impressionable _s to 8 novels & /ories4 ,x is inde$ no great /ep f 8,le ,rve de d',alemb]t0 to 8,le ,neveu de ,rameau10 & f t to 8,la ,religieuse40 ,:atev] he und]took he c>ri$ out ) ! :ole en]gy & en?usiasm ( 8 nature1 & :ile ?is takes f ! arti/ic symmetry ( 8 "w1 x adds to its vitality & significance4 ,x is ow+ to ?is quality t 8,les ,bij\x ,indiscrets10 a frivol\s novel 9 ! /yle ( ! y\ng] ,crebillon1 po9tless & indec5t1 writt51 at ! age ( ?irty-five1 ma9ly to obta9 money = 8 mi/ress1 ,mme4 de ,puisieux1 conta9s passages :i* h be5 consid]$ among ! f9e/ he ev] wrote1 & by its reflections on ! re=m ( ! !atre1 its criticisms ( mann]s1 & philosophical insight s]v$ av[$ly z ! po9t ( dep>ture = ,less+'s fam\s 8,dramaturgie40 ,x 0 n until he read ,ri*>dson t ,did]ot produc$ any v notewor?y "w 9 fiction2 8 admiration = ! ,engli% noveli/ 0 extreme1 b c]ta9ly n out ( proportion to ,ri*>dson's hi/oric importance4 ,ri*>dson n only m>ks ! fir/ real l&m>k 9 ! evolution ( ! ,engli% novel2 he is ! po9t ( dep>ture ( ! mod]n ,fr5* novel1 & ,did]ot1 m ?an any "o else1 help$ to make 8 influ5ce felt 9 ,france4 ,v soon aft] fall+ "u ! spell ( ! great ,engli% /ory-tell] & writ+ 8 8loge de ,ri*>dson10 ,did]ot produc$ 8 mo/ fam\s novel1 8,la ,religieuse40 ,x is cle> h[ mu* ,ri*>dson influ5c$ ?is m9ute /udy1 9 autobiographic =m1 ( ! life & suff]+s ( a "y girl =c$ into a conv5t ) its uncong5ial atmosph]e & petty p]secutions4 ,x 0 a di/9ct arti/ic a*ievem5t1 ! m rem>kable z x 0 c]ta9ly int5d$ z an attack on ! small vices ( a community ( wom5 isolat$ f ! _w4 ,ev5 ^? p>ts ( ?is attack :i* h be5 consid]$ que/ionable are always 9 ! tone ( ! unsuspect+ "y girl :o writes !m1 & only become (f5sive :5 a mod]n editor removes !m 9 ord] to sub/itute a/]isks2 comp>e ^! passages ) ! m o/5tati\s propriety & zeal = virtue ( a mod]n ,p>isian 9 8,mademoiselle ,giraud ma ,femme40 ,a ye> lat] ,did]ot wrote an unque/ionable arti/ic ma/]piece1 only pres]v$ = u by a happy *ance1 8,le ,neveu de ,rameau10 a dialogue ( unfail+ _s betwe5 himself & a /range social p>asite :om he is analyz+4 ,"s ye>s lat] he fell "u ! influ5ce ( ,/]ne2 8,jacques le ,fatali/e10 s attractive to ,goe! & _m o!rs1 0 ! result4 ,b he _h no great aff9ity = ! s9u\s hum\r ( ,/]ne1 &1 :ile he ?rew himself into x ) 8 usual en]gy1 ! result1 ?\gh ,%&ean en\gh1 is less happy ?an 8 great ,ri*>dsonian ef=t4 ,yet 8,jacques le ,fatali/e0 conta9s ! 8,hi/oire de ,mme4 de la ,pomm]aye10 & ?is little hi/oire1 :5 dis5tangl$ f ! manifold episodes :i* int]rupt ! ho/ess ( ! inn :o tells x1 is ,did]ot's mo/ p]fect & mo/ *>act]i/ic ef=t z a /ory-tell]4 ,ev5 9 8 novels x is ! directness & ! v]acity ( 8 sci5tific _s1 unit$ to 8 emotional impressionability1 :i* gives significance to 8 "w4 ,! same features m>k 8 plays1 ?\gh "h ! result has ceas$ to be pleas+1 & we may be p]mitt$ to-day n to read ?r\gh ! 8,fils ,naturel0 & ! 8,pre de ,famille40 ,yet we mu/ n =get t f !m is dat$ ! mod]n drama1 ) ! notes ( s9c]ity & simple realism1 peculi> !n to ,did]ot1 :i* n[adays h become a m common possession4 ,did]ot's dramas produc$ a great & imm$iate effect 9 ,g]many1 on ,goe! & ,s*ill] z well z on ,iffl& & ,kotzebue1 & ! 8,pre de ,famille0 0 translat$ by ,less+4 ,z a critic ( ! /age ,did]ot has1 p]haps1 attract$ exagg]at$ att5tion1 ?\gh he has n escap$ misund]/&+1 mo/ p's k ( 8 op9ions on ?is head beg9n+ & end+ ) ! 8,p>adoxe sur le ,comdi540 ,did]ot at fir/ attribut$1 z f ! nature ( 8 temp]am5t he 0 sure to d1 ! *ief "p 9 act+ to emotion & s5sibility2 9 "t he outgrew ?is y\?ful op9ion1 & 9 ! 8,p>adoxe0 he emphasiz$ z /rongly z he c\ld ! "p ( /udy & reflection 9 ! actor's art1 a "p :i* mu/ always be ( ! fir/ importance1 not)/&+ all ! te>s %$ by *>m+ actresses1 & c>efully bottl$ = controv]sial purposes4 ,did]ot 0 f> too sane & _m-sid$ to see only "o aspect ( s complex an art z ! actor's2 x is1 z he says1 8/udy1 reflection1 passion1 s5sibility1 ! true imitation ( nature10 :i* g to make up good act+4 ,an int]e/+ & too brief s]ies ( lett]s to ,mlle4 ,jod9 is well wor? read+ f ?is po9t ( view4 ,mlle4 ,jod91 ! daught] ( an old fri5d ( 81 0 a r wild & impetu\s "y lady ( "s tal5t :o _h sudd5ly adopt$ ! life ( an actress4 ,did]ot p]=m$ _m small s]vices bo? = h] & h] "m1 & wrote lett]s full ( wise &1 x appe>s1 mu*-ne$$ c\nsel z to h] conduct bo? on & (f ! /age4 8,mademoiselle10 he writes1 8!re is no?+ good 9 ?is _w b t :i* is true2 be true1 !n1 on ! /age1 true (f ! /age4444 ,an actor :o has no?+ b s5se & judgm5t is cold2 "o :o has no?+ b v]ve & s5sibility is mad4 ,x is a c]ta9 temp]am5t ( m+l$ good s5se & w>m? :i* makes m5 sublime2 on ! /age & 9 ! _w he :o %[s m ?an he feels makes u laugh in/ead ( t\*+ u40 ,did]ot inaugurat$ mod]n art criticism by ! notices ( ! pictures 9 ! ,salon1 :i* he wrote dur+ _m ye>s = 8,grimm's ,correspond5ce40 ,"o _c help regrett+ t he 0 n born among a great] gr\p ( arti/s4 ,*>d9 we /ill e/eem1 & ,greuze is at ! height ( 8 popul>ity1 b x is difficult to take m ?an an antiqu>ian int]e/ 9 ,b\*]1 & :o c>es n[ = ,l\!rb\rg or ,van ,loo8 ,ev5 be=e ,joseph ,v]net1 ^: v>iety1 fre%ness1 & love ( nature appeal$ s /rongly to ,did]ot1 x sometimes requires an ef=t to be sympa!tic4 ,did]ot n[ & !n criticizes ) sev]ity--z occasionally :5 he is deal+ ) ,b\*]--b ! tone ( 8 criticism1 z g5]ally happ5s ) contempor>y criticism1 seems to u to-day pit*$ altoge!r too high4 ,9 "o respect1 at all ev5ts1 x is unlike mo/ old appreciations ( n[ neglect$ pictures2 x is g5]ally delightful to read1 p]haps sometimes m delightful ?an ! picture c ev] h seem$4 ,"o suspects t ,did]ot treat$ pictures l books2 ,holba*1 hav+ read a book he _h w>mly recomm5d$1 came to him to say t ! book conta9$ no?+ ( :i* he _h spok54 8,well10 repli$ ,did]ot1 8if x wasn't !re x ought to h be5 !re40 ,ev]y?+ t ,did]ot t\*$ he vitaliz$4 ,!re 7 few ?+s t he left unt\*$4 ,!re 7 v few roads ( mod]n life on :i* he 0 n an en?usia/ic & (t5 audaci\s pione]4 ,he seems to h kn[n in/9ctively ! ?+s t we are labori\sly le>n+4 ,s x is ) politics1 sexual morality1 v>i\s social & politico-economical que/ions1 education1 philosophy4 ,he t\*$ all ! social que/ions :i* absorb our att5tion to-day4 ,he approa*$ ! problem ( ! place ( ! work]s 9 society 9 ! same temp] 9 :i* we approa* x to-day1 & ! practical k ( indu/ries & indu/rial life :i* he _h obta9$ 9 ord] to write "s ( 8 mo/ rem>kable articles 9 ! 8,encyclopdia0 gave him "s "r to be he>d4 ,8 views on education1 *iefly express$ 9 ! 8,plan d'une ,univ]sit p\r le ,g\v]nem5t de ,russie10 are on a level ) ! mo/ advanc$ views to-day4 ,! education he dem&s is free & compulsory1 & he is 9 fav\r ( giv+ *ildr5 free meals at s*ool4 ,he c5sures classical tea*+1 advocates pr(essional education & in/ruction 9 ! natural sci5ces1 8! /udy ( ?+s r ?an ! /udy ( words40 8,i ?9k10 he says1 8t we %\ld give 9 our s*ools some?+ ( all ! k necess>y to a citiz51 f legislation to ! me*anical arts1 & 9 ^! me*anical arts ,i include ! occupations ( ! l[e/ class ( citiz5s4 ,! spectacle ( human indu/ry is 9 itself l>ge & satisfy+1 & x is good to "k ! diff]5t ways 9 :i* ea* contributes to ! advantages ( society4 ,?is k9d ( k is attractive to *ildr51 :o are naturally inquisitive40 ,c]ta9ly1 f m ?an "o po9t ( view1 su* an elem5t 9 education w\ld h an important social significance4 ,( ! functions & position ( wom5--9 mo/ c\ntries1 he rem>ks1 t ( idiot *ildr5--he speaks (t51 %rewdly inde$1 yet ) peculi> sympa?y4 ,! mo/ important expression ( 8 op9ions on sexual morality is conta9$ 9 ! 8,supplm5t au ,voyage de ,b\ga9ville40 ,b\ga9ville1 ! fir/ ,fr5*man to sail r\nd ! _w1 _h visit$ ! lovely isl& ( ,tahiti1 & br\ght back a /range & vivid picture ( ! idyllic innoc5ce & frank lic5se t exi/$ !re4 ,did]ot 0 ar\s$ to set =? 8 views on sexual que/ions ) t union ( fi]y en?usiasm1 uncompromis+ ?or\ghness1 & sav+ grace ( humor\s good s5se :i* always *>act]izes him4 ,he imag9es a dialogue betwe5 ! *apla9 ( ,b\ga9ville's exp$ition & ,or\1 a ,tahitian1 :o is anxi\s to "k :y ! *apla9 refuses to con=m to ! cu/oms ( ! c\ntry4 ,! wor?y *apla9 repres5ts ! morality ( civiliz$ ,europe1 & ,or\1 ) a few que/ions conc]n+ ?is morality1 easily succe$s 9 conf\nd+ him & 9 p\r+ ke5 ridicule on ! inconsi/5cies ( ,european morals4 ,) ref]5ce to rules ( conduct :i* v>y ) ! c\ntry & ! "t1 ,did]ot makes ,or\ say1 8,we mu/ h a sur] rule1 & :at %all ?is rule be8 ,d y "k any o!r ?an ! good ( ! community & ! advantage ( ! individual80 8,y 7 unhappy10 he rem>ks aga9 to ! *apla91 8:5 ,i pres5t$ to y la/ night my two daught]s & my wife2 y exclaim$1 #8,b my religion6 my (fice6' ,d y wi% to "k :at 9 e "t & place is good & bad8 ,conc]n y\rself ) ! nature ( ?+s & ( actions1 & ) y\r relations to y\r fell[s4 ,consid] ! influ5ce ( y\r conduct on y\rself & on ! community4 ,y are mad if y ?9k t !re is any?+ 9 ! univ]se1 above or bel[1 :i* c add to or take f ! laws ( nature40 ,t rule1 he expla9s1 is ! pol> /> on ! pa? ( life1 & ! inv5tion ( crimes1 puni%m5ts1 & remorse w only obscure x4 8,9 f\nd+ morality on ! relation%ips :i* mu/ always exi/ betwe5 m51 ! religi\s law becomes p]haps sup]flu\s2 & ! civil law %\ld only be ! enunciation ( ! law ( nature1 :i* we be> engrav$ on our he>ts1 & :i* mu/ always be ! /ronge/40 ,at ! end ,did]ot int]v5es ) a c\nsel ( mod]ation & practical wisdom3 8,:at %all we d1 !n8 ,we w prote/ aga9/ fooli% laws until !y are re=m$3 mean:ile we w submit4 ,he :o by 8 private au?ority breaks a bad law1 au?orizes o!rs to break good laws4 ,!re is less inconv5i5ce 9 be+ mad ) ! mad ?an 9 be+ wise by oneself4 ,let u say to ourselves1 let u proclaim incessantly1 t %ame1 puni%m5t1 & ignom9y h be5 atta*$ to actions :i* 9 !mselves are innoc5t4 ,b d n let u commit !m2 = %ame1 puni%m5t1 & ignom9y are !mselves ! wor/ ( evils40 8,e c5tury has its own _s2 t ( ours seems to be lib]ty40 ,s 9 #aggf1 :5 m5 7 beg9n+ to say t x 0 "t to burn philosoph]s in/ead ( _! books1 & a boy ( eighte5 0 actually burn$1 ,did]ot wrote to ,voltaire1 9 ! fam\s lett] 9 :i* he ann\nc$ t 9 spite ( all he w\ld /ay 9 ,p>is1 among ! enemies ( lib]ty1 to c>ry on 8 own mission4 ,timidity 9 political matt]s 0 excusable 9 ,did]ot's day1 & exi/$ ev5 among ! m5 ( 8 own set4 ,helvetius1 = in/ance1 advocat$ ! advantages ( pat]nal gov]nm5t & b5evol5t despotism2 ) 8 usual ke5 & vigor\s good s5se1 ,did]ot %[s h[ unreal ^! advantages are4 ,:5 we give a rul] absolute p[] to d good1 we _c prev5t him assum+ also an absolute p[] to d evil4 ,moreov]1 z ,did]ot insi/$1 x is n possible to make p good aga9/ _! wills1 nor is x desirable to treat m5 l %eep4 8,if !y say1 #8,we are well en\gh "h1' or if1 ev51 !y say1 #8,we are n well "h1 b we w /ay1' let u try to enlight5 !m1 to undeceive !m1 to br+ !m to san] views by p]suasion1 b nev] by =ce40 8,! arbitr>y gov]nm5t ( a j & enlight5$ pr9ce is always bad40 ,he insi/s1 aga9 & aga91 t we mu/ nev] let our pret5d$ ma/]s d good to u aga9/ our wills4 8,:5ev] y see ! sov]eign au?ority 9 a c\ntry ext5d+ beyond ! region ( police1 y may say t t c\ntry is badly gov]n$40 ,did]ot1 ,goe!1 ,adam ,smi?1 ,becc>ia1 ,mill1 to m5tion b a few typical names1 ?rew all ! weight ( _! influ5ce1 sometimes ) passionate emphasis1 on ! side ( individuality & fre$om1 & _! tea*+ rea*$ its f9al consecration :5 ,d>w9 accept$ z 8 c5tral !ory ! fruitful idea ( ,mal?us4 ,!y felt1 & rightly felt1 t !y 7 tak+ ! /ep t 0 mo/ ne$$4 ,^? :o advocat$ solid>ity & social co-op]ation mo/ly w5t to ! wall4 ,n[ x is ! turn ( ! social in/9cts1 & we mu/ expect !m to "w !mselves out to ! utmo/4 ,we h to see to x t ! tru? to :i* ,did]ot & ! re/ f\ght _! way is n mean:ile lo/4 ,! g5]al w is itself to-day 9 dang] ( becom+ a b5evol5t despotism1 & p]haps ! "t w nev] arrive :5 su* w>n+s z ^! w be q out ( date4 ,:5 x is a "q ( ! oppression ( our fell[s1 we _c always af=d to wait until ! (f5d] li/5s to ! voice ( p]suasion2 him1 at lea/1 we mu/ br+ )9 8! region ( police30 beyond t lies dang]4 8,et si j'ai quelque volont1 ,c'e/ que *acun fasse la si5ne40 ,s ,did]ot wrote 9 "s impromptu v]ses at a convivial ga!r+ ov] :i* he once presid$2 x 0 a summ>y ( 8 views on _m matt]s4 8,i am conv9c$10 he wrote1 8t !re c be no true happ9ess = ! human race except 9 a social /ate 9 :i* !re is nei!r k+ nor magi/rate1 nor prie/ nor laws1 nor meum nor tuum1 nor prop]ty 9 goods or l&1 nor vices nor virtues40 ,?is is ! an>*ism t /&s at ! end ( all social progress1 b z an atta9able social /ate x is /ill c]ta9ly1 z ,did]ot adds1 8diablem5t idal40 ,he _h no fai? 9 moralization by ,act ( ,p>liam5t4 8,!re w !n be pro/itutes8--,assur$ly4--,mi/resses8--,: y n8--,girls s$uc$8--,i expect !re w4--,husb&s & wives n always fai?ful8--,i fe> s4 ,b at lea/10 he adds1 8,i %all be sp>$ all ^? vices :i* mis]y1 luxury1 & pov]ty produce4 ,! re/ may be z x w be40 ,did]ot's robu/ fai? 9 nature1 t f9e/ fruit ( ! sci5tific _s1 comes out aga9 & aga91 "h & else:]e4 8,! evil-do] is "o :om we mu/ de/roy1 n puni%03 t is ! great tru?1 held by a l>ge numb] ( ! =emo/ m5 to-day1 :i* is n ev5 yet accept$4 8,nev] to rep5t & nev] to reproa* o!rs3 ^! are ! fir/ /eps to wisdom40 ,&1 aga93 8,9 ! be/ & mo/ happily con/itut$ man !re rema9s always mu* ( ! animal2 be=e becom+ a misan?rope1 consid] :e!r y h ! "r40 ,n _m m5 h _h s mu* reason z ,did]ot = becom+ misan?ropic2 few m5 h _h 9 !m less ( ! misan?rope4 8,my life is n /ol5 f me10 he writes2 8,i give x4444 ,a pleasure :i* is = myself alone t\*es me slightly4 ,x is = myself & = my fri5ds t ,i read1 t ,i reflect1 t ,i write1 t ,i m$itate1 t ,i he>1 t ,i obs]ve1 t ,i feel4444 ,i h consecrat$ to !m ! use ( all my s5ses1 & t is p]haps ! reason :y ev]y?+ is a little enri*$ 9 my imag9ation & conv]sation2 sometimes !y reproa* me1 ungrateful z !y are4 ,ungrateful6 w\ld ,i c\ld make hundr$s ungrateful e day60 ,he nev] seems to wav] 9 8 fai? 9 m51 nor 9 ! det]m9ation1 ) :i*1 inde$1 t fai? mu/ ev] be b\nd up1 to look e fact ( nature squ>ely 9 ! face4 ,! words ) :i* 8 lett]s to ,sophie ,vol& close seem to be ! con/ant refra9 ?r\gh\t all 8 "w3 8,!re is no?+ good 9 ?is _w b t :i* is true40 ,x _c be said t ,did]ot p]=m$ any "o great & p>am\nt a*ievem5t4 ,! mo/ brilliant ( 8 fragm5ts--! 8,rve de d',alemb]t0 or 8,le ,neveu de ,rameau0--is b a magnific5t improvisation4 ,he made no memorable contribution to our k ( ! _w4 ,nor 0 8 g5ius ( :at may be call$ ! w$ge-%ap$ ord]--! g5ius ( ! man :o1 ) e n]ve /ra9$ to ! solution ( "o my/]y1 nev] re/s until ! he>t ( x is clov54 ,8 g5ius 0 ess5tially f]m5tative4 ,he knew by a native in/9ct e promis+ g]m ( ?\ght1 & he knew h[ to make x fruitful4 ,he 01 z ,voltaire call$ him1 ,pantophile1 ! man :o lov$ & 0 int]e/$ 9 ev]y?+4 ,8 extreme s5sitiv5ess to impressions 0 ! s\rce ( 8 /r5g? & ( 8 weakness4 ,9 8 sane1 massive1 & yet s s5sitive temp]am5t1 aspirations ke5 & lyrical z ,%elley's seem to bl5d h>moni\sly ) laught] broad & tol]ant z ,rabelais's4 ,! lat5t elem5ts 9 him ( fanta/ic extravagance 7 held 9 *eck by a b\rgeois good s5se 9 :i* we seem to recognize ! %rewd old cutl] ( ,langres4 ,!re is a pr(\nd democratic in/9ct 9 him2 8 nev]-fail+ fai? 9 nature & man seems to be a "p ( ?is2 x is a fai? t may possibly be fooli%1 b = all ^? :o are born m5 x is ! mo/ reasonable fai?1 & x has comm5d$ itself mo/ to ^? :o h be5 (t5e/ disillusion$4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ! imm$iate effect ( ! ,revolution ( #aghi 0 to kill ! _s t ,did]ot repres5t$--! _s ( sci5tific advance1 active ev5 to audacity1 & alli$ ) a firm fai? 9 man & 9 social developm5t4 ,! p>ty ( progress 7 n able to recognize progress 9 ! =m ( ! ,revolution1 & ! m obvi\sly dom9at+ movem5t ( ! c5tury t is n[ clos+ has be5 ! ,c\nt]-,revolution1 correspond+ 9 _m respects to t ,c\nt]-,re=mation :i* dom9at$ ,ca?olic c\ntries dur+ ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,putt+ aside a few /ray en?usia/s1 l ,%elley or ,ow51 attractive p]sonalities ) little grasp ( practical life1 ! m5 :o h direct$ ,european ?\ght1 especially 9 ,engl&1 h be5 m5 ^: imag9ations 7 pr(\ndly impress$1 & _! m5tal equilibrium consid]ably di/urb$1 by t brief convulsion ( ,france2 & !y develop$ a curi\s timidity & di/ru/1 visible ev5 :5 !y _h ! c\rage to adopt a %ort-sight$ optimism4 ,x is v int]e/+ n[ to turn back to ! essay 9 :i* ,c>lyle1 p]haps ! mo/ brilliant & di/+ui%$ repres5tative ( ! ,c\nt]-,revolution1 record$ 8 e/imate ( ,did]ot4 ,h[ curi\sly old-fa%ion$ seem to u to-day its mitigat$ admiration1 its vague my/icism1 its sne]s at ,did]ot's loquacity1 8 g5]osity1 8 dyspepsia--sne]s t1 9 ! light ( ,c>lyle's own life1 h ar\s$ feel+s ( pa91 & ev5 indignation1 among "s :o 9 _! y\? look$ up to ,c>lyle z to a sort ( v5]able prophet--its absolute failure to p]ceive t "h 0 a man n to be /ifl$ by a h&ful ( transc5d5tal phraseology4 ,yet ?is 0 at ! "t accept$ z an adequate & ev5 g5]\s acc\nt ( ! matt]4 ,to-day we are aga9 9 ! same position z ,did]ot1 & we are able to see 9 him ! significance1 hidd5 f ,c>lyle1 ( ! light ( sci5ce fe>lessly br\ght to illum9ate ! :ole ( life4 ,:5 m5 beg9 to say t ev]y?+ has be5 done1 ! m5 come :o say t !re has yet no?+ be5 done4 ,we h congratulat$ ourselves t _m sci5ces ( nature & ( man are 9 ! ma9 settl$1 b we are always compell$ to beg9 aga91 & on a l>g] & p]haps simpl] scale4 ,9 _m fields ( physical & social k--f electricity at ! "o end to crim9ology at ! o!r--we are n[ lay+ anew great f\ndations1 & ! walls are be+ rais$ s rapidly t x is sometimes h>d to "k :]e we are1 or to realize :at is be+ done4 ,:5 sci5ce is ?us r5ew+ itself1 & m5 are on e h& seek+ h[1 by means ( sci5ce1 !y may enl>ge & ennoble life1 ! _s t mov$ ,did]ot is aga9 mak+ itself felt4 ,x is wor? :ile to realize 8 fell[%ip = a few mom5ts1 & to sun ourselves1 if we c be> x1 9 8 inspir+ en?usiasm4 ,,he9e4 ,i4 ,he9e ga!rs up & focuses = u 9 "o vivid po9t all ^? influ5ces ( 8 own "t :i* are ! =ces ( to-day4 ,he appe>s be=e u1 to put x 9 8 own way1 z a y\?ful & militant ,knight ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 tilt+ aga9/ ! spectres ( ! pa/ & lib]at+ ! imprison$ en]gies ( ! human _s4 ,8 int]e/ f ?is po9t ( view lies1 l>gely1 ap>t f 8 int]e/ z a supreme lyric poet1 ! bro!r ( ,catullus & ,villon & ,burns2 we "h approa* him on 8 prosaic--8 relatively prosaic--side4 ,"o hemisph]e ( ,he9e's bra9 0 ,greek1 ! o!r ,hebrew4 ,he 0 born :5 ! g5ius ( ,goe! 0 at its height2 8 "m _h absorb$ ! frank e>?l9ess1 ! sane & massive ,paganism1 ( ! ,roman ,elegies1 & ,he9e's ideals 9 all ?+s1 :e!r he w\ld or n1 7 always ,hell5ic--us+ t ^w 9 ! l>ge s5se 9 :i* ,he9e himself us$ x--ev5 :ile he 0 ! fir/ 9 rank & ! la/ 9 "t ( ! ,romantic poets ( ,g]many4 ,he s\ght1 ev5 consci\sly1 to m\ld ! mod]n emotional _s into classic =ms4 ,he wr\ght 8 art simply & lucidly1 ! aspirations t p]vade x are ev]y:]e s5su\s1 & yet x recalls (t5] ! turbul5t temp] ( ,catullus ?an any s]5] anci5t _s4 ,= ,he9e arose e>ly 9 active rebellion aga9/ a m]ely passive classicism2 9 ! same way t fi]c] & m ard5t cries1 z f ! ,ea/1 pi]ce ?r\gh ! songs ( ,catullus4 ,! mis*iev\s ,h]mes 0 irritat$ by ! calm & quiet activities ( ! ag$ ,zeus ( ,weim>4 ,& !n ! e>ne/ ,hebrew nature )9 him1 lib]at$ by ,hegel's fav\rite =mula ( ! div9ity ( man1 came into play ) its l>ge revolution>y ?ir/s4 ,?us x 0 t he appe>$ be=e ! _w z ! mo/ brilliant lead] ( a movem5t ( national or ev5 _w-wide emancipation4 ,! great] "p ( 8 prose works1 f ! y\?ful 8,reisebild]0 onw>ds1 & a consid]able portion ( 8 poetic "w1 record ! en]gy ) :i* he play$ ?is "p4 ,b :e!r ! ,greek or ! ,hebrew elem5t happ5$ to be mo/ active 9 ,he9e1 ! ideal t he set up = life g5]ally 0 ! equal activity ( bo? sides--9 o!r words1 ! h>mony ( fle% & _s4 ,x is ?is ?\ght :i* dom9ates 8,! ,hi/ory ( ,religion & ,philosophy 9 ,g]many10 8 f9e/ a*ievem5t 9 ?is k9d4 ,t book 0 writt5 at ! mom5t :5 ,he9e t\*$ ! highe/ po9t ( 8 en?usiasm = fre$om & 8 fai? 9 ! possibility ( human progress4 ,x is a sort ( programme = ! imm$iate future ( ! human _s1 9 ! =m ( a brief & bold outl9e ( ! spiritual hi/ory ( ,g]many & ,g]many's great emancipators1 ,lu!r1 ,less+1 ,kant1 & ! re/4 ,x sets =? 9 a fre% & fasc9at+ %ape t ,ev]la/+ ,gospel :i*1 f ! "t ( ,joa*im ( ,flora d[nw>ds1 has always gleam$ 9 dreams be=e ! m9ds ( m5 z ! successor ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,he9e's vision ( a democracy ( cakes & ale1 f\nd$ on ! heights ( religi\s1 philosophical1 & political fre$om1 may /ill spur & ?rill u1--ev5 n[-a-days1 :5 we h we>i$ ( /ately bills ( f>e = a sulky humanity t w n fe$ at our bidd+1 no1 n on cakes & ale4 ,he9e is wise en\gh to see1 h[ev] imp]fectly1 t x is unreasonable to expect ! spe$y erection ( any ,new ,j]usalem2 =1 z he expresses x 9 8 own way1 ! holy vampires ( ! ,middle ,ages h suck$ away s mu* ( our life-blood t ! _w has become a hospital4 ,a sudd5 revolution ( fev]-/rick5 or hy/]ical invalids c effect little ( p]man5t value2 only a long & invigorat+ c\rse ( ! tonics ( life c make free f dang] ! op5-air ( nature4 8,our fir/ duty10 he ass]t$ 9 ?is book1 8is to become heal?y40 ,he9e confesses t he too 0 among ! sick & decrepit s\ls4 ,9 reality he 0 at no p]iod s full ( life & heal?1 s h>moni\sly inspir$ & upborne by a great en?usiasm4 ,he laughs a little at ,goe!2 he fails to see t ! ,phidian ,zeus1 at ^: conf9$ position he je/s1 0 ! greate/ lib]ator ( !m all2 b = ! mo/ "p 8 mock+ s>casm is "h sil5t4 ,x 0 n until t5 ye>s lat]1 :5 ! subtle se$s ( disease _h begun to appe>1 & :51 too1 he _h p]haps ga9$ a cle>] insight into ! possibilities ( life1 t ,he9e realiz$ t ! practical re=m+ movem5ts ( 8 "t 7 n ^? = :i* 8 e>ly en?usiasm _h be5 ar\s$4 ,) ! sl[ /eps ( t consum+ disease1 & aft] ! revolution ( #ahdh1 he ceas$ to recognize z ( old any common root = 8 v>i\s activities1 or to insi/ on ! fundam5tal importance ( religion4 ,ev]y?+ 9 ! _w became ! sport ( 8 intellig5ce4 ,! bra9 /ill function$ brilliantly 9 ! atrophi$ body2 ! swift lightn+-l wit /ill /ruck un]r+ly2 x sp>$ n ev5 himself4 ,! 8,confessions0 are full ( irony1 cov]+ all ?+s ) laught] t is half rev]5ce1 or ) rev]5ce t is m ?an half laught]--& woe to ! read] :o is n at e mom5t al]t6 ,9 ! romantic1 satirical poem ( 8,atta ,troll10 writt5 at ! comm5cem5t ( ! la/ p]iod1 ?is1 8 f9al altitude1 is mo/ completely reveal$4 ,x ne$s a little /udy to-day1 ev5 = a ,g]man1 b x is well wor? t /udy4 ,! hi/ory ( a danc+ be> :o escapes f s]vitude1 8,atta ,troll0 is a prote/ aga9/ ! radical p>ty1 ) _! n>r[ conceptions ( progress1 _! tame ideal ( b\rgeois equality1 _! little wat*words1 _! solemnity1 _! indignation at ! human creatures :o smile 8ev5 9 _! en?usiasm40 ,all ^! s]i\s conc]ns ( ! tribunes ( ! p are ba!d 9 s(t laught] z we li/5 to ! delici\s *ild-l monoton\s melody 9 :i* ! old be>1 surr\nd$ by 8 family1 mumbles or mutt]s ( ! future4 8,atta ,troll0 is n1 z _m h ?\ght1 a sne] at ! mo/ sacr$ ideals ( m54 ,x is1 r1 ! ass]tion ( ^? ideals aga9/ ! individuals :o w\ld n>r[ !m d[n to _! own petty scope4 ,!re are c]ta9 mirrors1 ,he9e said1 s con/ruct$ t !y w\ld pres5t ev5 ,apollo z a c>icature4 ,b we laugh at ! c>icature1 n at ! god4 ,x is well to %[1 ev5 at ! co/ ( "s misund]/&+1 t above & beyond ! little ideals ( our imm$iate political progress1 !re is built a yet l>g] ideal city1 ( :i* also ! human _s claims citiz5%ip4 ,! def5ce ( ! inali5able rights ( ! _s1 ,he9e decl>es1 _h be5 ! *ief bus9ess ( 8 life4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( ,g]many1 x 0 h] two great intellectual lib]ators1 ,lu!r & ,less+1 to :om ,he9e look$ up ) ! mo/ unqualifi$ love & rev]5ce4 ,by 8 lat] v9dication ( ! rights ( ! _s1 n less ?an by 8 e>li] fight = religi\s & political progress1 he may be said to h e>n$ = himself a place bel[1 inde$1 b n s v f> bel[1 ^? he>ty & s\nd-cor$ iconocla/s4 ,,ii4 ,to rea* ! root ( ! man's nature we mu/ glance at ! *ief facts ( 8 life4 ,he 0 born at ,dsseldorf1 on ! ,rh9e1 !n occupi$ by ! ,fr5*1 probably on ! #ac? ( ,decemb]1 #agii4 ,he came1 by bo? p>5ts1 ( t ,jewi% race :i* is1 z he said once1 ! d\gh :]e( gods are knead$4 ,! family ( 8 "m1 ,betty van ,geld]n1 _h come f ,holl& a c5tury e>li]2 ,betty h]self receiv$ an excell5t education2 %e %>$ ! /udies ( h] bro!r1 :o became a physician ( repute2 %e spoke & read ,engli% & ,fr5*2 h] fav\rite books 7 ,r\sseau's 8,emile0 & ,goe!'s elegies4 ,= novels or poetry g5]ally %e c>$ little4 ,%e pref]r$ logic to s5tim5t1 & 0 c>eful ( ! precise value ( words4 ,"s lett]s writt5 dur+ h] tw5ty-f\r? ye> reveal a frank1 brave1 & sweet nature2 %e 0 a bright1 attractive little p]son1 & _h _m woo]s4 ,9 ! summ] ( #agif ,samson ,he9e1 be>+ a lett] ( introduction1 ent]$ ! h\se ( ! ,van ,geld]ns4 ,he 0 ! son ( a ,jewi% m]*ant settl$ 9 ,hanov]1 & he _h j made a campaign 9 ,fl&]s & ,brabant1 9 ! capacity ( commiss>y ) ! rank ( (fic]1 "u ,pr9ce ,erne/ ( ,cumb]l&4 ,he 0 a l>ge & h&some man1 ) s(t blonde hair & beautiful h&s2 !re 0 some?+ ab\t him1 said 8 son1 a little *>act]less1 almo/ fem99e2 8he 0 a great *ild40 ,aft] a brief c\rt%ip he m>ri$ ,betty1 & settl$ at ,dsseldorf z an ag5t = ,engli% velvete5s4 ,h>ry 7s he 0 nam$ aft] an ,engli%man7 0 ! fir/ *ild4 ,f 8 r weak & romantic fa!r came :atev] 0 loose & unbalanc$ 9 ,he9e's temp]am5t1 & 8 in]adicable in/9ct = pos+2 x 0 8 "m1 ) h] /rong & heal?y nature1 well develop$ bo? intellectually & emotionally1 & h] great ambitions = h] son1 :o1 z he himself said1 play$ ! *ief "p 9 ! hi/ory ( 8 evolution4 ,h>ry 0 a quick *ild2 8 s5ses 7 ke51 ?\gh he 0 n physically /rong2 he lov$ read+1 & 8 fav\rite books 7 8,don ,quixote0 & 8,gulliv]'s ,travels40 ,he us$ to make rhymes ) 8 only & mu*-lov$ si/] ,lotte1 & at ! age ( t5 he wrote a gho/-poem :i* 8 tea*]s consid]$ a ma/]piece4 ,at ! ,lyceum he work$ well1 at night z well z by day4 ,only once1 at ! public c]emony at ! end ( a s*ool ye>1 he came to grief2 he 0 recit+ a poem1 :5 8 eyes fell on a beautiful1 fair-hair$ girl 9 ! audi5ce2 he hesitat$1 /amm]$1 0 sil5t1 fell d[n fa9t+4 ,s e>ly he reveal$ ! extreme c]ebral irritability ( a nature absorb$ 9 dreams & tak5 captive by visions4 ,x 0 n long aft] ?is1 at ! age ( sev5te51 :5 8 ri* uncle at ,hamburg 0 try+ 9 va9 to set him =w>d on a comm]cial c>e]1 t ,he9e met ! woman :o ar\s$ 8 fir/ & la/ pr(\nd passion1 always unsatisfi$ except 9 s f> z x f\nd exquisite embodim5t 9 8 poems4 ,he nev] m5tion$ h] "n2 x 0 n till aft] 8 dea? t ! =m /&+ beh9d ?is ,m>ia1 ,zuleima1 ,evel9a ( s _m sweet1 /range1 or melan*oly songs 0 kn[n to be t ( 8 c\s91 ,amalie ,he9e4 ,) 8 uncle's help he /udi$ law at ,bonn1 ,gtt+51 & ,b]l94 ,at ,b]l9 he fell "u ! dom9ant influ5ce ( ,hegel1 ! vanqui%] ( ! romantic s*ool ( :i* ,s*ell+ 0 ! philosophic repres5tative4 ,he9e aft]w>ds ref]r$ to ?is p]iod z t 9 :i* he 8h]d$ sw9e ) ! ,hegelians20 x is c]ta9 t ,hegel ex]t$ great & p]man5t influ5ce ov] him4 ,at ,b]l91 9 #ahba1 appe>$ 8 fir/ volume ( poems1 & !n he began to take 8 true place4 ,at ?is p]iod he is describ$ z a good-natur$ & g5tle y\?1 b res]v$1 n c>+ to %[ 8 emotions4 ,he 0 ( middle height & sl5d]1 ) r long light br[n hair 79 *ildhood x 0 r$1 & he 0 call$ 8,ro!r ,h>ry07 fram+ ! pale & be>dless oval face1 ! bright1 blue1 %ort-sight$ eyes1 ! ,greek nose1 ! high *eek bones1 ! l>ge m\?1 ! full--half cynical1 half s5sual--lips4 ,he 0 n a typical ,g]man2 l ,goe!1 he nev] smok$2 he dislik$ be]1 & until he w5t to ,p>is he _h nev] ta/$ sau]kraut4 ,= "s ye>s he cont9u$1 *iefly at ,gtt+51 to /udy law4 ,b he _h no lik+ & no capacity = jurisprud5ce1 & 8 spasmodic fits ( application at su* mom5ts z he realiz$ t x 0 n good = him to dep5d on ! g5]osity ( 8 ri* & k9d-he>t$ uncle ,solomon1 fail$ to c>ry him f>4 ,a new idea1 a sunny day1 ! op5+ ( "s fl[]-l li$1 a pretty girl--& ! ,p&ects 7 =gott54 ,%ortly aft] he _h at la/ receiv$ 8 doctor's diploma he w5t ?r\gh ! c]emony ( baptism 9 hope ( obta9+ an appo9tm5t f ! ,prussian ,gov]nm5t4 ,x 0 a /ep :i* he imm$iately regrett$1 & :i*1 f> f plac+ him 9 a bett] position1 excit$ ! enmity bo? ( ,*ri/ians & ,jews1 al?\gh ! ,he9e family _h no v /rong views on ! matt]2 ,he9e's "m1 x %\ld be said1 0 a ,dei/1 8 fa!r indiff]5t1 b ! ,jewi% rites 7 /rictly kept up4 ,he /ill talk$ ( becom+ an advocate1 until1 9 #ahbf1 ! publication ( ! fir/ volume ( ! 8,reisebild]0 gave him a reputation ?r\gh\t ,g]many by its audacity1 its *>m+ & picturesque mann]1 its peculi>ly orig9al p]sonality4 ,! second volume1 bold] & bett] ?an ! fir/1 0 receiv$ ) delight v mu* mix$ ) horror1 & x 0 prohibit$ by ,au/ria1 ,prussia1 & _m m9or /ates4 ,at ?is p]iod ,he9e visit$ ,engl&2 he 0 !n disgu/$ ) ,g]many & full ( en?usiasm = ! 8l& ( fre$om10 an en?usiasm :i* naturally met ) _m rude %ocks1 & f t "t dates ! bitt]ness ) :i* he usually speaks ( ,engl&4 ,he f\nd ,london--al?\gh1 ow+ to a clev] abuse ( uncle ,solomon's g5]osity1 exce$+ly well suppli$ ) money--8frightfully damp & uncom=table20 only ! political life ( ,engl& attract$ him1 & !re 7 no b\nds to 8 admiration ( ,cann+4 ,he !n visit$ ,italy1 to sp5d !re ! happie/ days ( 8 life2 & hav+ at l5g? realiz$ t 8 ef=ts to obta9 any gov]nm5t appo9tm5t 9 ,g]many w\ld be fruitless1 he emigrat$ to ,p>is4 ,!re1 save = brief p]iods1 he rema9$ until 8 dea?4 ,?is entry into ! city :i* he _h call$ ! ,new ,j]usalem 0 an important epo* 9 ,he9e's life4 ,he 0 ?irty-"o ye>s ( age1 /ill y\?ful1 & eag] to receive new impressions2 he 0 app>5tly 9 robu/ heal?1 not)/&+ con/ant heada*es2 ,gauti] describes him z 9 appe>ance a sort ( ,g]man ,apollo4 ,he 0 /ill develop+1 z he cont9u$ to develop1 ev5 up to ! end2 ! e!real lovel9ess ( ! e>ly poems vani%$1 x is true1 b only to give place to a clos] grasp ( reality1 a l>g] laught]1 a ke5] cry ( pa94 ,he 0 n[ he>tily welcom$ by ! extraord9>ily brilliant gr\p !n liv+ & work+ 9 ,p>is1 includ+ ,victor ,hugo1 ,george ,s&1 ,balzac1 ,mi*elet1 ,alfr$ de ,musset1 ,gauti]1 ,*op91 ,l\is ,blanc1 ,dumas1 ,sa9te-,beuve1 ,qu9et1 ,b]lioz1 & he ent]$ ) eag] delight into _! manifold activities4 ,= a "t also he atta*$ himself r closely to ! s*ool ( ,sa9t-,simon1 !n head$ by ,enfant92 he 0 especially attract$ by _! religion ( humanity1 :i* seem$ ! realization ( 8 own dreams4 ,he9e's book on 8,religion & ,philosophy 9 ,g]many0 0 writt5 at ,enfant9's sugge/ion1 & ! fir/ edition d$icat$ to him2 ,enfant9's "n 01 he said1 a sort ( ,%ibbole?1 indicat+ ! mo/ advanc$ p>ty 9 ! 8lib]ation w> ( humanity40 ,9 #ahee he )drew ! d$ication2 x _h become an ana*ronism2 ,enfant9 0 no long] ransack+ ! _w 9 se>* ( la femme libre2 ! m>tyrs ( ye/]day no long] bore a cross--unless x 71 he add$ *>act]i/ically1 ! cross ( ! ,legion ( ,hon\r4 ,a few ye>s aft] 8 arrival 9 ,p>is ,he9e ent]$ on a relation%ip :i* occupi$ a l>ge place 9 8 life4 ,ma?ilde ,mirat1 a lively grisette ( sixte51 0 ! illegitimate daught] ( a man ( weal? & position 9 ! prov9ces1 & %e _h come up f ,norm&y to s]ve 9 h] aunt's %oe-%op4 ,he9e (t5 pass$ ?is %op1 & an acqua9tance1 at fir/ c>ri$ on sil5tly ?r\gh ! %op-w9d[1 gradually rip5$ into a m intimate relation%ip4 ,ma?ilde c\ld nei!r read nor write2 x 0 decid$ t %e %\ld g to s*ool = a "t2 aft] t !y e/abli%$ a little common h\sehold1 "o ( ^? mnages p>isi5s1 recogniz$ z almo/ legitimate1 = :i* ,he9e _h always _h a w>m admiration1 because1 z he said1 he meant by 8m>riage0 some?+ q o!r ?an ! legal c\pl+ effect$ by p>sons & bank]s4 ,z 9 ! case ( ,goe!1 x 0 n until "s ye>s lat] t he w5t ?r\gh ! religi\s c]emony1 z a prelim9>y to a duel 9 :i* he _h become involv$ by 8 rem>ks on ,brne's fri5d1 ,madame ,/rauss2 he wi%$ to give ,ma?ilde an assur$ position 9 case ( 8 dea?4 ,aft] ! c]emony at ,/4 ,sulpice he invit$ to d9n] all ^? ( 8 fri5ds :o _h contract$ simil> relations1 9 ord] t !y might be influ5c$ by 8 example4 ,t !y 7 s influ5c$ is n record$4 ,x is n difficult to und]/& ! /rong & p]man5t attraction t drew ! poet1 :o _h s _m intellectual & ari/ocratic wom5 among 8 fri5ds1 to ?is pretty1 laught]-lov+ grisette4 ,x lay 9 h] bright & wild hum\r1 h] *ildlike impulsiv5ess1 n lea/ 9 h] *>m+ ignorance4 ,x 0 delightful to ,he9e t ,ma?ilde _h nev] read a l9e ( 8 books1 did n ev5 "k :at a poet 01 & lov$ him only = himself4 ,he f\nd 9 h] a cont9ual s\rce ( refre%m5t4 ,he _h ne$ ( e s\rce ( refre%m5t4 ,9 ! ye>s t foll[$ 8 =mal m>riage 9 #ahda1 ! d>k %ad[s1 )9 & )\t1 began to close r\nd him4 ,al?\gh he 0 !n produc+ 8 mo/ mature "w1 *iefly 9 poetry--8,atta ,troll10 8,romanc]o10 8,deuts*l&0--8 income f lit]>y s\rces rema9$ small4 ,ma?ilde 0 n a good h\sekeep]2 & ev5 ) ! aid ( a consid]able all[ance f 8 uncle ,solomon1 ,he9e 0 frequ5tly 9 pecuni>y difficulties1 & 0 consequ5tly induc$ to accept a small p5sion f ! ,fr5* ,gov]nm5t1 :i* has sometimes be5 a matt] ( conc]n to ^? :o c>e = 8 fame4 ,z ye>s pass$1 ! enmities t he suff]$ f or *]i%$ increas$ r ?an dim9i%$1 & 8 bitt]ness f\nd expression 9 8 "w4 ,ev5 ,ma?ilde 0 n an unalloy$ s\rce ( joy2 ! *>m+ *ild 0 becom+ a middle-ag$ woman1 & 0 /ill l a *ild4 ,%e c\ld n ent] into ,he9e's int]e/s2 %e delight$ 9 !atres & circuses1 to :i* he c\ld n always accompany h]3 & he exp]i5c$ ! pangs ( an unreasonable jeal\sy m ke5ly ?an he c>$ to admit4 ,!n uncle ,solomon di$1 & 8 son refus$1 until consid]able pressure 0 br\ght to be> on him1 to cont9ue ! all[ance :i* 8 fa!r _h int5d$ ,he9e to receive4 ,?is 0 a sev]e bl[1 & ! excitem5t x produc$ develop$ ! lat5t se$s ( 8 disease4 ,x came on ) symptoms ( p>alysis1 :i* ev5 9 a few mon?s gave him1 he says1 ! appe>ance ( a dy+ man4 ,dur+ ! next two ye>s1 al?\gh 8 bra9 rema9$ cle>1 ! long pa?ological trag$y 0 unfold$4 ,he w5t out = ! la/ "t 9 ,may1 #ahdh4 ,half bl9d & half lame1 he sl[ly made 8 way out ( ! /reets1 fill$ ) ! noise ( revolution1 into ! sil5t ,l\vre1 to ! %r9e d$icat$ to 8! goddess ( beauty1 our de> lady ( ,milo40 ,!re he sat long at h] feet2 he 0 bidd+ f>ewell to 8 old gods2 he _h become reconcil$ to ! religion ( sorr[2 te>s /ream$ f 8 eyes1 & %e look$ d[n at him1 compassionate b helpless3 8,do/ ?\ n see1 !n1 t ,i h no arms1 & _c help !e80 8,on et dit un ,apollon g]manique0--s ,gauti] said ( ! ,he9e ( #ahce2 tw5ty ye>s lat] an ,engli% visitor wrote ( him--8,he lay on a pile ( mattresses1 8 body wa/$ s t x seem$ no bigg] ?an a *ild "u ! %eet :i* cov]$ him--8 eyes clos$1 & ! face altoge!r l ! mo/ pa9ful & wa/$ #8,ecce ,homo' ev] pa9t$ by "s old ,g]man pa9t]40 ,8 suff]+s 7 only reliev$ by ev] l>g] doses ( morphia2 b al?\gh /ill m tr\bles came to him1 & ! failure ( a bank robb$ him ( 8 small sav+s1 8 _s rema9$ unconqu]$4 8,he is a wond]ful man10 said "o ( 8 doctors2 8he has only two anxieties--to conceal 8 condition f 8 "m1 & to assure 8 wife's future40 ,8 lit]>y "w1 ?\gh x decreas$ 9 am\nt1 nev] decl9$ 9 p[]2 only1 9 ! words ( 8 fri5d ,b]lioz1 x seem$ z ?\gh ! poet 0 /&+ at ! w9d[ ( 8 tomb1 look+ ar\nd on ! _w 9 :i* he _h no long] a "p4 ,he saw a few fri5ds1 ( :om ,f]d9& ,lassalle1 ) 8 exub]ant p[] & en?usiasm1 0 ! mo/ int]e/+ to him1 z ! repres5tative ( a new age & a new social fai?2 & ! mo/ lov$1 t girl-fri5d :o sat = h\rs or days at a "t by ! 8mattress-grave0 9 ! ,rue d',am/]dam1 read+ to him or writ+ 8 lett]s or correct+ pro(s4 ,to ! la/ ! l\d1 bright voice ( ,ma?ilde1 :5 he *anc$ to he> x1 scold+ ! s]vants or 9 o!r active ex]cise1 (t5 made him /op speak+1 :ile a smile ( delight pass$ ov] 8 face4 ,he di$ on ! #af? ( ,febru>y1 #ahef4 ,he 0 buri$1 sil5tly1 9 ,montm>tre1 accord+ to 8 wi%2 =1 z he said1 x is quiet !re4 ,,iii4 ,?r\gh\t & above all1 ,he9e 0 a poet4 ,f fir/ to la/ he 0 l$ by ?ree angels :o danc$ = ev] 9 8 bra91 & guid$ him1 s+ly or toge!r1 always4 ,!y 7 ! same z 9 8,atta ,troll0 he saw 9 ! moonlight f ! casem5t ( ,uraka's hut--! ,greek ,diana1 gr[n wanton1 b ) ! noble m>ble limbs ( old2 ,abunde1 ! blonde & gay fairy ( ,france2 ,h]odias1 ! d>k ,jewess1 l a palm ( ! oasis1 ) all ! fragrance ( ! ,ea/ betwe5 h] brea/s3 8,o1 y dead ,jewess1 ,i love y mo/1 m ?an ! ,greek goddess1 m ?an t fairy ( ! ,nor?40#d #d 8,c'e/ le ,bible1 plus que t\t autre livre10 a well-kn[n ,fr5* critic wrote1 8qui a faonn le gnie potique de ,he9e1 en lui donnant sa =me et sa c\leur4 ,ses vritables matres1 ses vrais inspirateurs sont les glorieux inconnus qui ont crit l',ecclesia/e et les ,prov]bes1 le ,cantique des cantiques1 le livre de ,job et ce *ef-d'uvre d'ironie discrte intitul3 le livre du prophte ,jonas4 ,celui qui s'appelait un rossignol ,allem& ni* dans la p]ruque de ,voltaire fut la fois le mo9s vanglique des hommes et le plus vraim5t biblique des potes mod]nes40 ,^? g5ii ( ?ree ideal l&s danc$ = ev] 9 8 bra91 & t is b ano!r way ( indicat+ ! opposition t lay at ! root ( 8 nature4 ,f "o po9t ( view1 x may well be1 he cont9u$ ! "w ( ,lu!r & ,less+1 ?\gh he 0 less great-he>t$1 less s\nd at core1 ?\gh he _h n t elem5t ( sane ,phili/9ism :i* m>ks ! ,%akespe>es & ,goe!s ( ! _w4 ,b he 01 m ?an any?+ else1 a poet1 an arti/1 a dream]1 a p]petual *ild4 ,! practical re=m]s among :om at "o "t he plac$ himself1 ! m5 ( "o idea1 7 naturally irritat$ & suspici\s2 !re 0 a flav\r ( ari/ocracy 9 su* idealism4 ,9 ! poem call$ 8,disputation0 a ,capu*9 & a ,rabbi argu$ be=e ! ,k+ & ,que5 at ,tol$o conc]n+ ! respective m]its ( ! ,*ri/ian & ,jewi% religions4 ,bo? spoke at great l5g? & ) great f]v\r1 & 9 ! end ! ,k+ appeal$ to ! beautiful ,que5 by 8 side4 ,%e repli$ t %e c\ld n tell :i* ( !m 0 "r1 b t %e did n l ! smell ( ei!r2 & ,he9e 0 g5]ally ( ! ,que5's m9d4 ,he sigh$ = ! re/oration ( ,b>b>ossa1 ! long-delay$ ,g]man ,empire1 & 8 late/ biograph] ass]ts t he w\ld h greet$ ! discov]y ( ,b>b>ossa "u ! disguise ( ! ,k+ ( ,prussia1 ) ,bism>ckian insignia ( blood & iron1 z ! realization ( all 8 dreams4 ,x is d\btful1 h[ev]1 :e!r ! meet+ w\ld be v cordial on ei!r side4 ,x w\ld probably be ! pa9ful duty ( ! ,emp]or1 z ( ! ,emp]or ( ! vision 9 8,deuts*l&10 to tell ,he9e1 9 v practical language1 t he 0 want+ 9 respect1 want+ 9 all s5se ( etiquette2 & ,he9e w\ld c]ta9ly reply to ! ,emp]or1 z "u ! same circum/ances he repli$ to ! vision>y ,b>b>ossa1 t t g5tleman _h bett] g home aga91 t dur+ 8 long abs5ce ,emp]ors _h become unnecess>y1 & t1 aft] all1 sceptres & cr[ns made admirable play?+s = monkeys4 8,we are f\nd+ a democracy ( gods10 he wrote 9 #ahcd1 8all equally holy1 bless$ & glori\s4 ,y desire simple clo?+1 ascetic morals1 & unseason$ enjoym5ts2 we1 on ! contr>y1 desire nect> & ambrosia1 purple mantles1 co/ly p]fumes1 pleasure & spl5d\r1 dances ( laugh+ nymphs1 music & plays4--,d n be angry1 y virtu\s republicans2 we answ] all y\r reproa*es 9 ! words ( "o ( ,%akespe>e's fools3 #8,do/ ?\ ?9k1 because ?\ art virtu\s1 !re %all be no m cakes & ale8'0 ,:at c\ld an au/]e republican1 a ,puritanic ,lib]al1 :o scorn$ ! vision ( roses & myrtles & sug>-plums all r\nd1 say to ?is8 ,brne answ]$1 8,i c be indulg5t to ! games ( *ildr51 indulg5t to ! passions ( a y\?1 b :5 on ! bloody day ( battle a boy :o is *as+ butt]flies gets betwe5 my legs2 :5 at ! day ( our greate/ ne$1 & we are call+ al\d on ,god1 ! "y coxcomb beside u 9 ! *ur* sees only ! pretty girls1 & w9ks & flirts--!n1 9 spite ( all our philosophy & humanity1 we may well gr[ angry4444 ,he9e1 ) 8 syb>itic nature1 is s effem9ate t ! fall ( a rose-leaf di/urbs 8 sleep2 h[1 !n1 %\ld he re/ com=tably on ! knotty b$ ( fre$om8 ,:]e is !re any beauty )\t a fault8 ,:]e is !re any good ?+ )\t its ridicul\s side8 ,nature is seldom a poet & nev] rhymes2 let him :om h] rhymeless prose _c please turn to poetry60 ,brne 0 "r2 ,he9e 0 n ! man to plan a successful revolution1 or def5d a b>ricade1 or edit a popul> democratic newspap]1 or repres5t adequately a radical con/itu5cy--all ?is 0 true4 ,let u be ?ankful t x 0 true2 ,brnes are ev] ) u1 & we are grateful3 !re is b "o ,he9e4 ,! same complexity ( nature t made ,he9e an arti/ made him a humori/4 ,b x 0 a m complicat$ complexity n[1 a cosmic game betwe5 ! real _w & ! ideal _w2 he c\ld g no f>!r4 ,! "y ,catullus ( #ahbe1 ) 8 fi]y passions cru%$ 9 ! w9e-press ( life & yield+ su* div9e ambrosia1 soon lo/ 8 fai? 9 passion4 ,! militant soldi] 9 ! lib]ation-w> ( humanity ( #ahce soon ceas$ to fl\ri% 8 sword4 ,x 0 only ) ! full developm5t ( 8 hum\r1 :5 8 sp9al cord began to fail & he _h tak5 up 8 position z a spectator ( life1 t ,he9e atta9$ ! only sort ( unity possible to him--! unity t comes ( a recogniz$ & accept$ lack ( unity4 ,9 ! lamb5t flames ( ?is unequall$ hum\r--8! smile ( ,mephi/opheles pass+ ov] ! face ( ,*ri/0--he ba!d all ! ?+s he c\nt$ de>e/2 to its s]vice he br\ght ! secret ( 8 poet's nature1 ! secret ( speak+ ) a voice t e he>t leaps up to answ]4 ,x is sc>cely ! hum\r ( ,ari/ophanes1 ?\gh x is a great] =ce1 ev5 9 m\ld+ our political & social ideals1 ?an ,brne knew2 x is (t5] a mod]n developm5t ( ! hum\r ( ! mad k+ & ! fool 9 8,le>0--t hum\r :i* is ! la/ conc5trat$ ^w ( ! human organism "u ! la% ( ,fate4 ,& if x is /ill ask$ :y ,he9e is s mod]n1 x c only be said t ^! discords out ( :i* 8 hum\r exhal$ are ^? :i* we h ne>ly all ( u kn[n1 & t he speaks ) a voice t seems to arise f ! dep? ( our own s\ls4 ,he repres5ts our p]iod ( transition2 he gaz$1 f :at seem$ ! vulg> ,pisgah ( 8 day1 beh9d on an ,ed5 t 0 = ev] clos$1 be=e on a promis$ l& he %\ld nev] ent]4 ,:ile ) cle> sight he ann\nc$ ?+s to come1 ! music ( ! pa/ float$ up to him2 he brood$ wi/fully ov] ! vision ( ! old ,olympian gods1 dy+1 amid fa9t music ( cymbals & flutes1 =sak51 9 ! m$ival wild]ness2 he he>d /range s\nds ( psaltries & h>ps1 ! psalms ( ,israel1 ! voice ( ,pr9cess ,sabba?1 across ! wat]s ( ,babylon4--,9 a few ye>s ?is significance ( ,he9e w be lo/2 t x is n yet lo/ ! eag]ness ) :i* 8 books are read & translat$ suffici5tly te/ifies4 ,,:itman4 ,i4 ,if we put aside imag9ative writ]s--,haw?orne1 ,poe1 ,bret ,h>te1 & ,m>k ,twa9--,am]ica has produc$ ?ree m5 ( _w-wide significance4#e ,^! ?ree belong to ! same corn] ( ! cont95t2 !y =m a culm9at+ s]ies1 & at ! same "t !y complem5t ea* o!r4 ,x is difficult to consid] "o ( !m )\t ?r[+ a glance at ! o!rs4 #e ,! significance ( ,l[ell1 a great writ] unque/ionably1 seems to be *iefly national4 ,em]son comes fir/4 ,9 ,em]son1 aft] two hundr$ ye>s1 ,puritanism seems1 = ! fir/ "t1 to h f\nd voice4 ,! m5 ( ,banbury & ,am/]dam 7 too mu* di/ract$ by ! out] _w to succe$ 9 f9d+ adequate arti/ic expression = ! joys t satisfi$ !m & ! _s t s p[]fully mov$ !m4 ,!y h be5 ! sport ( _! enemies1 & h come d[n to u 9 lit]ature z a set ( s\r fanatics4 ,x 0 n until ! se$ 0 c>ri$ ov] sea1 to g]m9ate sl[ly & peacefully 9 ,new ,engl&1 t at l5g? x broke into fl[]1 & t we "k cle>ly t union ( robu/ fre$om & my/ic exaltation :i* lies at ! he>t ( ,puritanism4 ,9 8 calm & au/]e mann]--born ( ! blood t _h pass$ ?r\gh ! ve9s ( six g5]ations ( ,puritan m9i/]s--,em]son ov]turn$ ! :ole ( tradition4 8,a _w 9 ! h&10 he said1 ) *e]y1 g5ial scepticism1 8is wor? two 9 ! bu%40 ,) g5tle composure1 ) s]5e hil>ity1 p]haps ) an allusion to ! roses t 8make no m5tion ( =m] roses10 he posit$ ! absolute "r ( ! individual to adjudicate 9 religion1 9 m>riage1 9 ! ,/ate4 ,ev5 he himself1 :ile able1 l ,sp9oza & ,goe!1 to live by self-regulat+ laws t are dea? to m5 ( less sanity1 c\ld n always 9 8 peaceful haunts at ,concord recognize or all[ ! fruits ( 8 doctr9es4 ,em]son 0 a man ( ! /udy2 he seems to h kn[n ! _w z 9 a cam]a obscura spread out be=e him on a table4 ,he nev] seems to come1 or to be capable ( com+1 into direct relations ) o!r m5 or ) ,nature4 ,?oreau1 an orig9al & solit>y _s1 born amid ! same influ5ces z ,em]son1 b ( diff]5t temp]am5t1 resolv$ to g out into ! _w1 to absorb ,nature & ! heal? ( ,nature3 8,i wi%$ to live delib]ately1 to front only ! ess5tial facts ( life1 & see if ,i c\ld n le>n :at x _h to tea*1 & n1 :5 ,i came to die1 discov] t ,i _h n liv$4 ,i did n wi% to live :at 0 n life1 liv+ is s de>2 nor did ,i wi% to practise resignation1 unless x 0 q necess>y4 ,i want$ to live deep & suck out all ! m>r[ ( life1 to live s /urdily & ,sp>tan-l z to put to r\t all t 0 n life1 to cut a broad swa? & %ave close1 to drive life into a corn] & r$uce x to its l[e/ t]ms40 ,s he w5t into ,wald5 ,woods & built himself a hut1 & s[$ beans1 & grew /rangely famili> ) ! lives ( plants & trees1 ( birds & bea/s & fi%es1 & ) mu* else besides4 ,?is p]iod ( self-dep5d5t resid5ce by ,wald5 ,pond has usually be5 reg>d$ z ! *ief episode 9 ,?oreau's life4 ,d\btless x 01 9 ! case ( a man :o sp5t 8 :ole life 9 a small ,new ,engl& t[n1 & made ! v mod]ate liv+ t he ne$$ by int]mitt5t "w at p5cil-mak+1 tea*+1 l&-survey+1 magaz9e-writ+1 f5ce-build+1 or :itewa%+4 ,c]ta9ly x 0 ?is exp]i5ce :i* gave =m & "* to ! activities ( 8 life1 & ! book 9 :i* he record$ 8 exp]i5ces creat$ 8 fame4 ,b 9 ! exp]i5ce itself !re 0 no?+ ( h]oic a*ievem5t4 ,"o w\ld r say t 9 ! ,wald5 episode ,?oreau has v9dicat$ ! place ( su* an exp]i5ce 9 all education4 ,e "o1 = "s brief p]iod 9 e>ly life1 %\ld be ?r[n on 8 own res\rces 9 ! solitudes ( ,nature1 to ent] into h>moni\s relations ) himself1 & to realize ! full scope ( self-reliance4 ,= ! man or woman to :om ?is exp]i5ce has nev] be5 giv51 ! _w mu/ hold _m ne$less my/]ies & n a few ne$less mis]ies4 ,!re 0 9 ?is man a curi\s m+l+ ( wildness & au/]ity1 :i* ,mr4 ,burr\ghs1 9 ! mo/ discrim9at+ e/imate ( him yet made1 traces to 8 ance/ry4 ,on ! pat]nal side he 0 ,fr5*2 8 private]+ gr&fa!r came f ,j]sey3 8t wild revolution>y cry ( 81 & t sort ( re/ra9$ f]ocity & hirsut5ess are ,fr5*40 ,b on ! "m's side he 0 ( ,scot* & ,new ,engli% ,puritan /ock4 ,9 p]son he 0 r und]siz$1 ) 8huge ,em]sonian nose10 & deep-set blui%-grey eyes b5ea? l>ge ov]hang+ br[s2 prom95t purs$-up lips1 a weak rec$+ *91 8a ruddy wea!r-beat5 face1 :i* rem9ds "o ( "s %rewd & hone/ animal's40 ,he 0 a vigor\s p$e/rian2 he _h slop+ %\ld]s1 long arms1 %ort legs1 l>ge h&s & feet--! *>act]i/ics1 = ! mo/ "p1 ( an an?ropoid ape4 ,8 h&s 7 frequ5tly cl5*$1 & !re 0 an air ( conc5trat$ en]gy ab\t him2 o!rwise no?+ specially notable1 & he 0 frequ5tly suppos$ 8a p$l> ( small w>es40 ,he possess$1 z 8 fri5d ,em]son rem>k$1 p[]s ( obs]vation :i* seem$ to indicate additional s5ses3 8he saw z ) microscope1 he>d z ) e>-trumpet1 & 8 memory 0 a photographic regi/] ( all he saw & he>d40 ,x has be5 claim$ = ,?oreau by "s ( 8 admir]s1 nev] by himself1 t he 0 a man ( sci5ce1 a naturali/4 ,c]ta9ly1 9 "s respects1 he _h 9 him ! mat]ial = an almo/ ideal naturali/4 ,8 peculi> p[]s ( obs]vation1 & habits ( not+ & record+ natural facts1 8 pati5ce1 8 ta/e = sp5d+ 8 days & nights 9 ! op5 air1 seem to furni% ev]y?+ t is requir$4 ,nor w\ld 8 morbid dislike ( dissection h be5 any s]i\s b>1 = ! lea/ work$ b by no means ! lea/ important portion ( natural hi/ory is ! /udy ( liv+ =ms1 & = ?is ,?oreau seems to h be5 peculi>ly adapt$2 he _h acquir$ "o ( ! r>e/ ( arts1 t ( approa*+ birds1 bea/s & fi%es1 & excit+ no fe>4 ,!re are all sorts ( pr(\ndly int]e/+ inve/igations :i* only su* a man c pr(itably und]take4 ,b t "r "q :i* is at lea/ ! half ( k 0 hidd5 f ,?oreau2 he seems to h be5 absolutely defici5t 9 sci5tific s5se4 ,8 b>e1 imp]sonal records ( obs]vations are always dull & unpr(itable read+2 occasionally he /umbles on a good obs]vation1 b1 n realiz+ its significance1 he nev] v]ifies x or foll[s x up4 ,8 sci5ce is t ( a fairly intellig5t s*oolboy--a c\nt+ ( birds' eggs & a runn+ aft] squirrels4 ,( ! vital & organic relation%ips ( facts1 or ev5 ( ! exi/5ce ( su* relation%ips1 he seems to h no p]ception4 ,comp>e any ( 8 books )1 = in/ance1 ,belt's 8,naturali/ 9 ,nic>agua10 or any ( ,wallace's books3 = ! m5 ( sci5ce1 9 _! _s ( illum9at+ inquisitiv5ess1 all facts are in/ructive2 9 ,?oreau's h&s !y are all dead4 ,he 0 n a naturali/3 he 0 an arti/ & a morali/4 ,he 0 born into an atmosph]e ( lit]>y culture1 & ! great art he cultivat$ 0 t ( fram+ s5t5ces4 ,he desir$ to make s5t5ces :i* w\ld 8sugge/ f> m ?an !y say10 :i* w\ld 8lie l b\ld]s on ! page1 up & d[n or across1 n m]e repetition1 b creation1 & :i* a man might sell 8 gr\nd or cattle to build10 s5t5ces 8z durable z a ,roman aqu$uct40 ,und\bt$ly he succe$$2 8 s5t5ces frequ5tly h all ! massive & elem5tal qualities t he desir$4 ,!y h m2 if he knew little ( ! ar*itectonic qualities ( /yle1 !re is a ke5 exhil>at+ breeze bl[+ ab\t ^! b\ld]s1 & :5 we look at !m !y h ! grace & audacity1 ! happy1 natural extravagance ( fragm5ts ( ! f9e/ ,decorat$ ,go?ic on ! site ( a f\rte5? c5tury abbey4 ,he 0 9 love ) ! ?+s t are wilde/ & mo/ untamable 9 ,nature1 & ( ^! 8 s5t5ces (t5 seem to be a solid arti/ic embodim5t1 ! m\nta9 side1 8its sublime gray mass1 t antique1 br[ni%-gray1 ,ar>at col\r10 or ! 8anci5t1 famili>1 immortal cricket s\nd10 ! ?ru%'s song1 8 ranz des v*es1 or ! song t ( all seem$ to rejoice him mo/1 ! cle>1 exhil>at+1 bragg>t1 cl>ion-cr[ ( ! cock4 ,?oreau's fav\rite read+ 0 among ! ,greeks1 ,p9d>1 ,simonides1 ! ,greek ,an?ology1 especially s*ylus1 & a lat] anci5t1 ,milton4 ,!re is some?+ ( 8 paganism 9 all ?is1 8 cult ( ! aborig9al heal?-be>+ =ces ( ,nature4 ,8 paganism1 h[ev] unobtrusive1 0 radical & g5u9e4 ,x 0 a paganism mu* e>li] ?an ,plato1 & :i* _h nev] he>d ( ,*ri/4 ,?oreau 0 ( a piece2 he 0 at h>mony ) himself1 ?\gh x may be t ! elem5ts t w5t to make up ! h>mony 7 few4 ,! au/]ity & exhil>ation & simple paganism ( 8 art 7 at "o ) 8 morality4 ,he 01 at ! v core1 a prea*]2 ! morality t he prea*$1 int]e/+ 9 itself1 is1 = u1 ! mo/ significant ?+ ab\t him4 ,?oreau 01 9 ! noble/ s5se ( ! ^w1 a ,cynic4 ,! s*ool ( ,anti/h5es is n ! lea/ int]e/+ ( ! ,socratic s*ools1 & ,?oreau is p]haps ! f9e/ fl[] t t s*ool has ev] yield$4 ,he may n h be5 aw>e ( 8 aff9ities1 b x w help u if we be> !m 9 m9d4 ,! *>m t ,diog5es ex]cis$ ov] m5 seems to h consi/$ 9 8 peculi>ly fre% & orig9al intellect1 8 extravagant indep5d5ce & self-control1 8 co>se & effective wit4 ,?oreau sat 9 8 j> at ,wald5 ) ! same orig9ality1 indep5d5ce1 & sublime cont5tm5t2 b 8 wisdom 0 suave & 8 wit 0 nev] co>se--exalt$1 r1 into a p]5nial hum\r1 fla%+ n[ & !n into div9e epigram4 ,a life 9 h>mony ) ,nature1 ! culture ( joy\s simplicity1 ! subord9ation ( sci5ce to e?ics--^! 7 ! pr9ciples ( ,cynicism1 & to ^! ,?oreau 0 always true4 8,e day is a fe/ival10 said ,diog5es1 & ,metrocles rejoic$ t he 0 happi] ?an ! ,p]sian k+4 8,i w\ld r sit on a pumpk9 & h x all to myself10 said ,?oreau1 8?an be cr[d$ on a velvet cu%ion40 8,cultivate pov]ty l a g>d5 h]b1 l sage4444 ,x is life ne> ! bone1 :]e x is sweete/4444 ,money is n requir$ to buy "o necess>y ( ! s\l40 ,he _h 8travell$ mu* 9 ,concord40 8,me?9ks ,i %\ld be cont5t to sit at ! back-door 9 ,concord "u ! popl> tree = ev]40 ,su* utt]ances z ^! /rewn ?r\gh\t ,?oreau's pages--& ! say+ 9 ! la/ days ( ! dy+ man to ! y\? :o w\ld talk to him ab\t a future _w1 8,"o _w at a "t0--are full1 9 ! uncorrupt$ s5se1 ( ! f9e/ cynicism4 ,diog5es1 see+ a boy dr9k out ( 8 h&1 ?rew away 8 cup2 ,?oreau _h an int]e/+ m9]al specim5 z a p>l\r ornam5t1 b x ne$$ du/+ e day1 & he ?rew x away3 x 0 n wor? its keep4 ,! ,cynics seem to h be5 ! fir/ among ! ,greeks to decl>e t slav]y is oppos$ to nature4 ,?oreau n only c>ri$ 8 indep5d5ce s f> z to g to prison r ?an pay taxes to ,*ur* or ,/ate--8! only gov]nm5t t ,i recognize is ! p[] t e/abli%es ju/ice 9 ! l&0--b 9 #ahei1 :5 ,john ,br[n lay 9 prison 9 ,virg9ia1 ,?oreau 0 ! "o man 9 ,am]ica to recognize ! greatness ( ! occasion & to /& up publicly on 8 side3 8,?9k ( him6--( 8 r>e qualities6--su* a man z x takes ages to make1 & ages to und]/&2 no mock h]o1 nor ! repres5tative ( any p>ty4 ,a man su* z ! sun may n rise ^u aga9 9 ?is b5ight$ l&4 ,to ^: mak+ w5t ! co/lie/ mat]ial1 ! f9e/ adamant2 s5t to be ! r$eem] ( ^? 9 captivity2 & ! only use to :i* y c put him is to hang him at ! end ( a rope60 ,e true ,cynic is1 above all1 a morali/ & a prea*]4 ,?oreau c\ld nev] be any?+ else2 t 01 9 ! end1 8 greate/ weakness4 ,?is unfail+ e!reality1 ?is p]petual *all5ge ( ! acridity & simplicity ( ,nature1 becomes at la/ hyp]natural4 ,?oreau breakfa/s on ! dawn3 x is well2 b he d9es on ! ra9b[ & sups on ! ,aurora borealis4 ,( ,nature's treasure m ?an half is man4 ,?oreau1 ) 8 noble ,cynicism1 _h1 z he ?\ght1 driv5 life into a corn]1 b he _h to confess t ( all ph5om5a 8 own race 0 to him ! mo/ my/]i\s & undiscov]able4 ,he writes f9ely3 8,! :ole duty ( man may be express$ 9 "o l9e3 ,make to y\rself a p]fect body20 b ?is appe>s to be a purely intellectual intuition4 ,he _h a f9e insight into ! purity ( sex & ( all natural animal functions1 f :i* we excuse ourselves ( speak+ by falsely say+ !y are trifles4 8,we are s degrad$ t we _c speak simply ( ! necess>y functions ( human nature20 b he is n bold to ju/ify 8 insight4 ,he welcom$ ,walt ,:itman1 at ! v fir/1 z ! greate/ democrat ! _w _h se51 b he himself rema9$ a natural ari/ocrat4 8,he 0 a man devoid ( compassion10 rem>ks ,mr4 ,burr\ghs1 8devoid ( sympa?y1 devoid ( g5]osity1 devoid ( patriotism1 z ^? words are g5]ally und]/ood40 ,he _h le>nt some?+ ( ! my/]y ( ,nature1 b ! price ( 8 k 0 ignorance ( 8 fell[s4 ,! *ief "p ( life he left unt\*$4 ,yet all t he _h to give he gave fully & ungrudg+ly2 & x 0 ( ! be/ & r>e/4 ,we %all n easily exhau/ ! exhil>ation ( x4 8,we ne$ ! tonic ( wildness40 ,?oreau has height5$ = u ! wildness ( ,nature1 & 8 "w--all writt51 z we ne$ n be told1 9 ! op5 air--is full ( ?is tonicity2 x is a sort ( moral qu99e1 &1 l qu99e "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 x leaves a sweet ta/e beh9d4 ,,ii4 ,:itman has a*iev$ ! r>e/ ( all di/9ctions3 he has be5 plac$ :ile yet alive by ! side ( ! _w's greate/ moral tea*]s1 beside ,jesus & ,socrates-- 8! latt] ,socrates1 ,greek to ! core1 yet ,yankee too40 ,& 8 biograph] records briefly 8 conviction t ?is man 0 8p]haps ! mo/ advanc$ nature ! _w has yet produc$40 ,yet ! facts ( 8 life are few & simple4 ,he 0 born 9 ,may1 #ahai1 on ! %ores ( ! great s\? bay ( ,long ,isl&4 ,l ,bret ,h>te1 :o has giv5 classic expression to ! "y life ( ,we/]n ,am]ica1 ,:itman is half ,dut*1 & ?is ance/ral fact is significant4 ,! well-kn[n portrait prefix$ to 8,leaves ( ,grass0 %[s him ) an expression l 8 fa!r's2 9 lat] life he be>s a s+ul> resemblance to 8 "m z %e is repres5t$ 9 ,bucke's book4 ,he himself1 we are told1 makes mu* ( ! wom5 ( 8 ance/ry4 8,i e/imate ?ree lead+ s\rces & =mative /amps ( my own "*10--9 8 own words--8! mat]nal nativity-/ock br\ght hi!r f f>-away ,ne!rl&s1 = "o 7d\btless ! be/72 ! subt]ranean t5acity & c5tral bony /ructure 7ob/9acy1 wilfulness7 :i* ,i get f my pat]nal ,engli% elem5ts1 = ano!r2 & ! ,long ,isl& bir?-spot1 sea-%ores1 *ildhood's sc5es1 absorptions1 ) teem+ ,brooklyn & ,new ,york--)1 ,i suppose1 my exp]i5ces aft]w>ds 9 ! ,secession outbreak--= ?ird40 ,8 "m1 he wrote1 0 to him 8! ideal woman1 practical1 spiritual1 ( all ( e>?1 life1 love1 to me ! be/40 ,= ?irty ye>s ! y\? set himself to le>n ! nature ( ! _w4 ,!re c\ld be no bett] education2 he has describ$ its elem5t>y /ages1 by b>ny>d & roadside1 9 8,!re 0 a *ild w5t =?40 ,! same l>ge receptiv5ess /ill w5t ) him1 z he 0 by turn tea*]1 pr9t]1 j\rnali/1 gov]nm5t cl]k1 & always1 & above all1 loaf]4 ,he loaf$ ye> aft] ye> 9 ,broadway1 on ,fulton ,f]ry1 on ! omnibuses talk+ to ! driv]s1 9 ! work%ops talk+ to ! artisans4 ,8 physical heal? 0 p]fect2 he e>n$ en\gh to live on2 he felt himself ! equal ( highe/ or l[e/2 he drank ( ! great v>iegat$ /ream ( life be=e him f e cup4 ,8 culture 01 9 its own way1 z l>ge & z s9c]e z ,goe!'s4 ,( books1 inde$1 he knew little2 he 0 equally ignorant ( sci5ce1 ( philosophy1 ( ! f9e arts2 he appe>s to h be5 cont5t--= 8 own ends wisely cont5t--) elem5tal & mo/ly anci5t utt]ances ( ! race1 z ! ,bible1 ,hom]1 ,%akespe>e1 ! ,nibelung5li$4 ,& by-&-by1 9 #ahee1 :5 ?is new p]sonality1 ) its wide & deep roots1 _h become organiz$1 ,walt ,:itman1 at ! age ( ?irty-six1 himself pr9t$ & publi%$ a little book call$ 8,leaves ( ,grass40 ,aft] ?is !re 0 b "o fre% =mative influ5ce 9 ,:itman's life1 b )\t x 8 life & 8 "w w\ld bo? h suff]$ an imm5se lack4 ,:at _h *iefly *>act]iz$ him s f> _h be5 8 audaci\s non*alance1 ! frank & absolute egotism ( a heal?y ,olympian s*oolboy4 ,9 #ahfj ! ,civil ,w> began2 f #ahfb to #ahfe ,:itman nurs$ ! sick & w\nd$ at ,wa%+ton4 ,dur+ t p]iod ( ?ree ye>s 7brok5 by an attack ( hospital mal>ia1 ! fir/ illness ( 8 life1 contract$ 9 ! dis*>ge ( ^! self-impos$ duties7 he visit$ & t5d$ ne>ly #ajj1jjj m51 & ! p]sonal pres5ce ( ! man1 8 inexhau/ible love & sympa?y1 7 ( ev5 m wor? ?an ! manifold small b preci\s s]vices t he 0 enabl$ to r5d]4 ,he has himself giv5 a simple & noble record ( 8 "w 9 ! 8,memor&a0 includ$ 9 8,specim5 ,days & ,collect10 & 9 8,drum ,taps10 a /ill m preci\s & intimate record ( 8 exp]i5ces4 ,f ?is p]iod a deep t5d]ness1 a div9e compassion = all ?+s human1 is nev] abs5t f ,:itman's "w2 x becomes m pr$om9ant ?an ev5 8 sup]b egotism4 ,x is ?is elem5t 9 8 l>ge emotional nature1 br\ght to full maturity by ^! w> exp]i5ces1 :i* s _m p]sons h felt ?rill+ ?r\gh ! man's :ole p]sonality1 & :i* probably expla9s 9 "s measure ! devotion he has inspir$4 ,:itman w5t to ,wa%+ton "y1 9 ! p]fection ( virile physical en]gy 78,he is a ,man10 said ! %rewd ,l9coln1 to :om ,:itman 0 unkn[n1 z he *anc$ to see him ?r\gh a w9d[ once72 he came away old & enfeebl$1 hav+ t\*$ ! height ( life1 to walk h5ce=? a d[nw>d pa?4 ,physically impressive1 h[ev]1 at t "t & always1 he rema9$4 ,he is describ$1 aft] ?is "t 7*iefly by ,dr4 ,bucke71 z six feet 9 height1 weigh+ ne>ly two hundr$ p\nds2 ) eyebr[s highly ar*$2 eyes light blue1 r small1 dull & heavy 7?is po9t is ( "s int]e/1 be>+ 9 m9d t ) exceptional creative imag9ation l>ge bright eyes are associat$72 full-siz$ m\?1 ) full lips2 l>ge h&some e>s1 & s5ses exceptionally acute4 ,! peculi> complexion ( 8 face1 ,bucke describ$ z a bright m>oon t9t2 t ( 8 body 8a delicate b well-m>k$ rose col\r10 unlike ! ,engli% or ,teutonic /ock2 8 gait an elephant9e roll4 8,no description10 8 ,boswellian biograph]1 ,dr4 ,bucke1 aga9 speaks 7& ,mr4 ,k5n$y1 a lat] & equally ,boswellian biograph]1 supplies confirmatory details71 8c give any idea ( ! extraord9>y physical attractiv5ess ( ! man10 ev5 ^u ^? :o came 9 contact ) him = a mom5t4 ,9 #ahgc he _h a /roke ( p>alysis 7left hemiplegia71 & = ?ree ye>s !re seem$ little promise ( recov]y4 ,! return to heal? 0 sl[ & incomplete4 ,9 ^? ye>s he sp5t mu* "t ba?+1 or nak$ 9 ! op5 air--8hang+ clo!s on a rail ne> by1 keep+ old broad-brim /raw on head & easy %oes on feet0--& consid]$ t t c\nt$ = mu* 9 8 re/oration to heal?4 8,p]haps10 he adds1 8he or %e to :om ! free exhil>at+ ec/asy ( nak$ness 9 nature has nev] be5 eligible1 has n really kn[n :at purity is--nor :at fai? or art or heal? really is40 ,x is n possible to appreh5d ?is man's "w unless ! man's p]sonality is appreh5d$4 ,e great book conta9s ! preci\s life-blood ( a ma/]-_s1 & no book ?robs ) a m vivid p]sonal life ?an 8,leaves ( ,grass40 ,x is ! :ole outcome ( a :ole man1 audaci\s & unrep5tant1 :o has "h set d[n ! emotional rev]b]ations ( a manifold life4 8,= only10 accord+ to 8 own l>ge say+1 8,= only at la/1 aft] _m ye>s1 aft] *a/ity1 fri5d%ip1 procreation1 prud5ce & nak$ness1 ,aft] tread+ gr\nd & brea/+ riv] & lake1 ,aft] a loos5$ ?roat1 aft] absorb+ eras1 temp]am5ts1 races1 aft] k1 fre$om1 crimes1 ,aft] complete fai?1 aft] cl>ify+s1 elevations1 & remov+ ob/ructions1 ,aft] ^! & m1 x is j possible !re comes to a man1 a woman1 ! div9e p[] to speak words40 ,,iii4 ,( art1 9 ! conv5tional s5se ( ! ^w1 !re is n mu* 9 ,:itman4 ,if we wi% to approa* him z an arti/1 ,j4 ,f4 ,millet probably helps u to und]/& him1 m ?an any o!r arti/ 9 =eign fields & l&s4 ,millet has a deep & close relation%ip to ,:itman4 ,at fir/ sight1 _! "w is curi\sly unlike3 ,:itman1 9 a great new c\ntry1 delight+ 9 e manife/ation ( joy & y\? & hope2 ,millet1 ! *ild ( an old] & cold] c\ntry1 9 love ) age & suff]+ & toil4 ,yet 9 ess5tials x is id5tical4 ,ev5 p]sonally1 x is said1 ,millet recall$ ,:itman4#f ,judg+ f ! repres5tations ( him1 ,millet1 9 8 prime1 0 a colossal image ( manly beauty--deep-*e/$1 muscul>1 erect1 ! quiet1 p5etrat+ blue eyes1 ! delicately expressive eyelids1 ! l>ge nose & dilat+ s5sitive no/rils1 ! firm m\? & jaw1 ! ?ick & d>k br[n be>d4 ,! consumptive arti/--a ,keats or a ,?oreau--craves = heal? & lovel9ess2 he turns %udd]+ f all t is n pleasant4 ,x is only ^! m51 h]oic inc>nations ( heal?1 :o are /rong en\gh to look sanely ^u age & toil & suff]+1 & equal to ! prodigi\s exp5se ( _s ( writ+ 8,leaves ( ,grass0 ) a he>t lad5 ) memories ( ,wa%+ton hospitals4 #f ,see an int]e/+ pap] ( 8,recollections ( ,j4 ,f4 ,millet0 9 ! 8,c5tury10 ,may1 #ahhi1 to :i* ,i am indebt$ = sev]al ( ! pa9t]'s utt]ances "h quot$4 ,millet & ,:itman h1 ea* 9 8 own doma91 made ! mo/ e>ne/1 ?or\gh1 & successful attempts ( mod]n times to br+ ! ,greek _s into art1 ! same attempt :i* ,jan ,/e51 a great arti/ :om we sc>cely yet rate at 8 prop] value1 made 9 sev5te5? c5tury ,holl&4 ,x is n by ! smoo? nudities ( a ,b\gu]eau or a ,leighton t we rea* ,hell5ism4 ,! ,greek _s is ! simple1 natural1 beautiful int]pretation ( ! life ( ! arti/'s own age & p "u 8 own sky1 z %[n especially 9 ! human body4 ,x _c be ! same 9 two ages or 9 two l&s4 ,"o little incid5t m5tion$ by ,madame ,millet to a fri5d is sugge/ive1 8( ,millet compell+ h] to we> ! same %irt = an uncom=tably long "t2 n to pa9t ! dirt1 z 8 e>ly critics w\ld h u believe1 b t ! r\gh l95 %\ld simplify its folds & take ! =m ( ! body1 t he might give a fre%] & /rong] acc5t to ^? qualities he s lov$1 ! g>m5t becom+1 z x 71 a "p ( ! body1 & express+1 z he has said1 ev5 m ?an ! nude1 ! l>g] & simpl] =ms ( ,nature40 ,!re is ! g5u9e ,hell5ic _s1 work+ 9 a diff]5t age & "u a diff]5t sky4 ,millet felt t = him x 0 n true to pa9t ! nak$ body1 & at ! same "t t ! body alone 0 ! supremely int]e/+ ?+ to pa9t4 ,9 ! 8,s[]0 we see ?is _s express$ 9 ! highe/ =m :i* ,millet ev] rea*$--! grace ( natural beauty & /r5g?1 9 no remote discobolus or gladiator1 b 9 ! man ( 8 own c\ntry & clime1 a peasant l himself1 ^: =m he _h /udi$ f 8 own 9 ! mirror 9 8 own /udio4 ,! co>se clo!s & r\gh sabots play ! same "p 9 ,millet's "w z ! biz>re1 unc\? words & v>i$ te*nical phraseology 9 ,:itman's2 "o may call !m accid5tal1 b !y are inevitable & necess>y accid5ts4 8,"o mu/ be able10 ,millet said1 8to make use ( ! trivial = ! expression ( ! sublime40 ,!y bo? insi/$ t ! arti/ mu/ deal ) ! av]age & typical1 n ) ! exceptional4 ,!y bo? tri$ to br+ ! l>g5ess & simplicity ( ,nature into _! "w1 & to sugge/ m ?an !y express$4 ,!y bo? refus$ to believe any "p ( ,nature c\ld be o!r ?an lovely4 8,! man :o f9ds any phase or effect 9 ,nature n beautiful10 said ,millet /]nly1 8! lack is 9 8 own he>t40 ,x is n z an arti/ t ,:itman is *iefly int]e/+ to u4 ,x is true t he has writt5 8,out ( ! ,cradle endlessly rock+10 8,:5 ,lilacs la/ 9 ! ,doory>d bloom$10 8,?is ,compo/10 & o!r fragm5ts f :i* may be ga9$ a simple & pure /hetic joy4 ,frequ5tly1 also1 we come across phrases :i* reveal a ke5 p]ception ( ! /rang5ess & beauty ( ?+s1 l9es t possess a simplicity & gr&eur sc>cely less ?an ,hom]ic2 ?us1 8! noiseless spla% ( sunrise20 or ( ! "y m5 ba?+1 :o 8float on _! backs1 _! :ite bellies bulge to ! sun40 ,b su* results are accid5tal1 & outside ! ma9 purpose4 ,= t v reason !y h at times some?+ ( ! div9e felicity1 un=ese5 & incalculable1 ( ,nature2 yet always1 accord+ to a r\gh b conv5i5t di/9ction1 x is ! poetry ( en]gy r ?an ! poetry ( art4 ,:5 ,:itman speaks prose1 ! language ( sci5ce1 he is frequ5tly incoh]5t1 emotional1 unbalanc$1 ) no v j & precise s5se ( ! mean+ or words or ! /ructure ( reason$ language4#g ,x is cle> t 9 ?is man ! moral 9 its l>ge/ s5se--t is to say1 ! p]sonality & its p]sonal relations--is m develop$ ?an ! sci5tific2 & t on ! /hetic side ! arti/ is m]g$ 9 ! my/ic1 wrapt 9 emotional contemplation ( a cosmic :ole4 ,:at we see1 !re=e1 is a manifold p]sonality seek+ expression = itself 9 a peculi>ly flexible & responsive m$ium4 ,x is a deep z well z a sup]ficial resemblance t ^! *ants be> to ! ,scriptures ( ! old ,hebrews--z ,isaiah or ! ,book ( ,job--:]e9 also ! writ] becomes an arti/1 & also absorbs all available sci5ce1 b :]e 8 purpose is ! p]sonal expression ( a moral & religi\s conception ( life & ! _w4 ,:itman has inv5t$ a "n = ! p]son :o occupies ?is r>e &1 9 ! highe/ degree1 significant position2 he calls him ! 8,answ]]40 ,x is n ! function ( answ]]s1 l t ( philosoph]s1 to arrange ! ord] & limits ( ideas1 = !y h to settle :at ideas are or are n to exi/2 nor is x !irs1 l ! s+]s1 to celebrate ! o/5sible ?+s ( ! _w1 or to seek out imag9ative =ms1 = !y are 8n foll[]s ( beauty1 b ! augu/ ma/]s ( beauty40 ,! answ]] is1 9 %ort1 ! mak] ( ideals4 #g ,i ?9k ?is defective sci5tific p]ception is p]haps z responsible z any failure ( moral insight = ! vigor\s mann] 9 :i* an elem5t ( 8manly love0 fl\ri%es 9 8,calamus0 & else:]e4 ,:itman is h>dy en\gh to ass]t t he expects x w to a l>ge ext5t take ! place ( love betwe5 ! sexes4 8,manly love10 ev5 9 its extreme =m1 is c]ta9ly ,greek1 z is ! degradation ( wom5 ) :i* x is always correlat$2 yet ! mu* slight] degradation ( wom5 9 mod]n times ,:itman s9c]ely lam5ts4 ,:itman w n m9imize ! importance ( ! answ]]'s mission4 8,i1 too10 he exclaims1 8foll[+ _m & foll[$ by _m1 inaugurate a religion40 ,if we wi% to und]/& ,walt ,:itman1 we mu/ h "s conception ( ?is religion4 ,we %all f9d t two great & contradictory conceptions dom9ate 8 "w2 al?\gh 9 8 ?\ghts1 z 9 8 modes ( expression1 x is n possible to f9d any /rongly m>k$ progression4 ,! 8,song ( ,myself0 is ! mo/ complete utt]ance ( ,:itman's fir/ great conception ( life4 8,i h said t ! s\l is n m ?an ! body1 ,& ,i h said t ! body is n m ?an ! s\l2 ,& no?+1 n ,god1 is great] to "o ?an "o's self is40 ,! absolute unity ( matt] & _s1 & all :i* t unity involves1 is ! dom9ant conception ( ?is fir/ & mo/ *>act]i/ic p]iod4 8,if ! body 7 n ! s\l10 he asks1 8:at is ! s\l80 ,?is is ,:itman's naturalism2 x is ! re-ass]tion ( ! ,greek attitude on a new & l>g] f\ndation4 8,let x /& z an indubitable tru?1 :i* no inquiries c %ake1 t ! m9d ( man is s entirely ali5at$ f ! righte\sness ( ,god1 t he _c conceive1 desire1 or design any?+ b :at is wick$1 di/ort$1 f\l1 impure & iniquit\s2 t 8 he>t is s ?or\ghly environ$ by s9 t x c brea! out no?+ b corruption & rott5ness40 ,t is ! fundam5tal ?\ght ( ,*ri/ian tradition set d[n 9 ! 8,in/itutes10 cle>ly & logically1 by ! g5ius ( ,calv94 ,x is ! pol> opposite ( ,:itman's ?\ght1 & !re=e = ,:itman ! moral conception ( duty has ceas$ to exi/4 8,i give no?+ z duties1 ,:at o!rs give z duties ,i give z liv+ impulses4 7,%all ,i give ! he>t's action z a duty870 ,morality is ?us ! normal activity ( a heal?y nature1 n ! product ei!r ( tradition or ( rationalism4 8,:atev] ta/es sweet to ! mo/ p]fect p]son1 t is f9ally "r0--?is1 x has be5 said1 is ! maxim on :i* ,:itman's morality is f\nd$1 & x is ! morality ( ,ari/otle4 ,b no ,greek ev] ass]t$ & illu/rat$ x ) su* emphatic it]ation4 ,f ! days :5 ! ,greek _s f\nd its la/ embodim5t 9 ! brief songs1 ke5 or sweet1 ( ! 8,an?ology10 ! attitude :i* ,:itman repres5ts 9 ! 8,song ( ,myself0 has nev] lack$ repres5tatives4 ,?r\gh\t ! ,middle ,ages ^? /range haunt+ e*oes to ! p]petual *ant ( litany & psalm1 ! ,lat9 /ud5t-songs1 float across all ,europe ) _! pr(ane & gay paganism1 _! fre% erotic grace1 _! 8,9 tab]na qu&o sumus10 _! 8,ludo cum ,ccilia10 _! 8,gaudeamus igitur40 ,9 ! sane & l(ty s5suality ( ,boccaccio1 z x f\nd expression 9 ! hi/ory ( ,alaciel & _m ano!r wond]ful /ory1 & 9 ,gottfri$ ( ,/rasburg's ass]tion ( human pride & passion 9 8,tri/an & ,isolde10 ! same /ra9 *ang$ to a /rong] & nobl] key4 ,!n came ! great wave ( ! ,r5aissance ?r\gh ,italy & ,france & ,engl&1 fill+ art & philosophy ) an exaltation ( physical life1 & aga9 lat]1 9 ! movem5ts t c5tre ar\nd ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 an exaltation ( arrogant & indep5d5t intellectual life4 ,b all ^! manife/ations 7 sometimes p>tial1 sometimes extravagant2 !y 7 impulses ( ! natural man surg+ up 9 rebellion aga9/ ! dom9ant ,*ri/ian temp]2 !y 71 = ! mo/ "p consci\sly1 ( ! nature ( reactions4 ,we feel t !re is a fatal lack ab\t !m :i* ,*ri/ianity w\ld h fill$2 only 9 ,goe! is ! antagonism to "s ext5t reconcil$4 ,b5ea? ! va/ gr[? ( ,*ri/ianity1 = ev] exalt+ ! unse5 by ! easy me?od ( p\r+ contempt on ! se51 & /ill ev] produc+ "s /range & exquisite fl[] ( ascsis--"s ,francis or ,!resa or ,fnelon--a sl[ =ce 0 work+ und]gr\nd4 ,a t5d5cy 0 mak+ itself felt to f9d 9 ! !oretically despis$ physical--9 ^? ev]yday /ones :i* ! build]s ( ! ,*ur* _h reject$--! v f\ndation ( ! my/]ies ( life2 if n ! basis = a new vision ( ! unse51 yet = a m assur$ vision ( ! se54 ,no "o 9 ! la/ c5tury express$ ?is t5d5cy m impressively & ?or\ghly1 ) a c]ta9 insane en]gy1 ?an ,william ,blake--! great *a9$ _s :om we see look+ out betwe5 ! b>s ( 8 prison-h\se ) ^? wond]ful eyes4 ,especially 9 8,! ,m>riage ( ,heav5 & ,hell10 9 :i* he seems to gaze mo/ cle>ly 8?r\gh n>r[ *9ks ( 8 cav]n10 he has set =? 8 conviction t 8fir/ ! notion t man has a body di/9ct f 8 s\l is to be expung$10 & t 8if ! doors ( p]ception 7 cleans$1 ev]y?+ w\ld appe> to man1 z x is1 inf9ite40 ,?is mo/ extraord9>y book is1 9 8 own phraseology1 ! ,bible ( ,hell4 ,:itman appe>$ at a "t :5 ?is /ream ( influ5ce1 gr[n mighty1 _h boldly em]g$4 ,at ! "t t 8,leaves ( ,grass0 s\ght ! light ,t\rgu5eff 0 embody+ 9 ! typical figure ( ,bass>(f ! mod]n militant _s ( sci5ce1 positive & audaci\s--a _s m>k$ also1 z ,h9ton po9t$ out1 by a new =m ( asceticism1 :i* lay 9 ! d5ial ( emotion4 ,:itman1 "o ( ! v greate/ emotional =ces ( mod]n times1 :o _h gr[n up ap>t f ! rigid & te*nical me?ods ( sci5ce1 face to face ) a new _w & a new civilization1 :i* he _h eag]ly absorb$ s f> z x lay op5 to him1 _h ! good inspiration to fl+ himself into ! sci5tific curr5t1 & s to ju/ify ! dem&s ( 8 emotional nature2 to repres5t himself z ! inhabitant ( a va/ & co-ord9at$ cosmos1 t5on$ & mortis$ 9 granite3 8,all =ces h be5 /eadily employ$ to complete & delight me1 ,n[ on ?is spot ,i /& ) my robu/ s\l40 ,t ,:itman possess$ no tra9$ sci5tific in/9ct is unque/ionably true1 b x is impossible to e/imate 8 significance )\t und]/&+ :at he owes to sci5ce4 ,some?+1 inde$1 he _h ga9$ f ! philosophy ( ,hegel--) its conception ( ! univ]se z a s+le process ( evolution1 9 :i* vice & disease are b transi5t p]turbations--) :i* he _h a second-h& acqua9tance1 t has left di/9ct1 b n always well assimilat$ m>ks on 8 "w2 b1 above all1 he 0 indebt$ to ^? sci5tific conceptions :i*1 l ,em]son1 he _h absorb$ or div9$4 ,x is ^! t lie beh9d 8,*ildr5 ( ,adam40 ,?is mood ( sane & *e]ful s5suality1 rejoic+ ) a joy z massive & calm-ey$ z ,boccaccio's1 a moral-fibr$ joy t ,boccaccio nev] knew1 9 all ! manife/ations ( ! fle% & blood ( ! _w--say+1 n3 8,let u eat & dr9k1 = to-morr[ we die10 b1 ) ,clif=d3 8,let u take h&s & help1 = ?is day we are alive toge!r0--is c]ta9ly ,:itman's mo/ significant & impressive mood4 ,no?+ s mu* reveals its dep? & s9c]ity z 8 nev]-*ang+ attitude t[>ds dea?4 ,we "k ! 8fe>ful ?+0 t ,claudio1 9 ,%akespe>e's play1 knew z dea?3 8to die & g we "k n :]e2 ,to lie 9 cold ob/ruction & to rot2 444 to be worse ?an wor/ ,( ^? t lawless & unc]ta9 ?\ghts ,imag9e h[l+60 ,& all ! ,elizabe?ans 9 t age ( spl5did & d>+ life--ev5 ,raleigh & ,bacon--felt t same %udd] at ! horror & my/]y ( dea?4 ,always !y felt beh9d !m "s va/ m$ival *>nel-h\se1 gloomy & awful1 & ! sunnie/ spirits ( ! ,engli% ,r5aissance quail :5 !y ?9k ( x4 ,!re 0 9 ?is horror some?+ ( ! *ild's va/ & unreason$ dread ( d>kness & my/]y1 & x sc>cely surviv$ ! sci5tific & philosophic developm5ts ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,:itman's attitude is n ! less deep-root$ & orig9al4 ,= he is n cont5t to argue1 haughtily indiff]5t1 ) ,epicurus & ,epictetus1 t dea? c be no?+ to u1 because x is no evil to lose :at we %all nev] miss4 ,:itman w reveal ! lovel9ess ( dea?4 ,we feel con/antly 9 8,leaves ( ,grass0 z to "s ext5t we feel be=e ! 8,love & ,dea?0 & "s o!r pictures ( "o ( ! greate/ ( ,engli% arti/s4 8,i w %[10 he ann\nces1 8t no?+ c happ5 m beautiful ?an dea?40 ,x mu/ n be =gott5 t ,:itman speaks n m]ely f ! /&po9t ( ! mo/ int5se & vivid delight 9 ! actual _w1 b t he possess$ a practical famili>ity ) disease & dea? :i* has p]haps nev] be=e fall5 to ! lot ( a great writ]4 ,at ! end ( ! 8,song ( ,myself0 he bequea?s himself to ! du/1 to gr[ f ! grass he loves3 8,if y want me aga91 look = me "u y\r boot-soles1 ,y w h>dly "k :o ,i am or :at ,i mean1 ,b ,i %all be good heal? to y nev]!less1 ,& filt] & fibre y\r blood40 ,& to any :o f9d t du/ b a poor immortality1 he w\ld say ) ,s*op5hau]1 8,oho6 d y "k1 !n1 :at du/ is80 ,! va/ *emi/ry ( ! e>?1 ! sweetness t is root$ 9 :at we call corruption1 ! life t is b ! leav+s ( _m dea?s1 is nobly utt]$ 9 8,?is ,compo/10 9 :i* he rea*es beyond ! corpse t is good manure to sweet-sc5t$ roses1 to ! poli%$ brea/s ( melons2 or aga91 9 ! noble elegy1 8,p5sive on h] dead gaz+10 on ^? :o di$ dur+ ! w>4 ,9 8 mo/ p]fectly lyrical poem1 8,out ( ! ,cradle endlessly rock+10 ,:itman has celebrat$ dea?--8t /rong & delici\s ^w0--) /range t5d]ness2 & nev] has ! lovel9ess ( dea? be5 sung 9 a m sane & virile song ?an ! solemn dea?-c>ol 9 8,:5 ,lilacs la/ 9 ! ,doory>d bloom$03 8,d>k "m1 always glid+ ne> ) s(t feet1 ,h none *ant$ = !e a *ant ( fulle/ welcome8 ,!n ,i *ant x = !e1 ,i glorify !e above all1 ,i br+ !e a song1 t :5 ?\ mu/ inde$ come1 come unfalt]+ly4 99 99 99 99 99 8,ov] ! tree-tops ,i float !e a song1 ,ov] ! ris+ & s9k+ waves1 ov] ! myriad fields & ! prairies wide1 ,ov] ! d5se-pack$ cities all & ! teem+ :>ves & ways1 ,i float ?is c>ol ) joy1 ) joy to !e1 ,o ,dea?40 ,:itman's second great ?\ght on life lies 9 8 egoism4 ,8 int5se s5se ( individuality 0 m>k$ f ! fir/2 x is emphatically ass]t$ 9 ! 8,song ( ,myself0-- 8,& no?+1 n ,god1 is ,great] to "o ?an "o's self is0-- :]e x lies side by side ) 8 fir/ great ?\ght4 ,b ev5 9 ! 8,song ( ,myself0 x ass]ts a sep>ate exi/5ce3 8,?is day be=e dawn ,i asc5d$ a hill & look$ at ! cr[d$ heav51 ,& ,i said to my _s1 ,:5 we become ! enfold]s ( ^? orbs1 & ! pleasure & k ( ev]y?+ 9 !m1 %all we be fill$ & satisfi$ !n8 ,& my _s said1 ,no1 we b level t lift to pass & cont9ue beyond40 ,9 ! end he once1 at lea/1 altoge!r d5ies 8 fir/ ?\ght2 he alludes to t body :i* he _h call$ ! equal ( ! s\l1 or ev5 ! s\l itself1 z excrem5t3 8,myself dis*>g+ my excrem5titi\s body to be burn$1 or r$uc$ to p[d]1 or buri$1 ,my real body d\btless left to me = o!r sph]es40 ,! fir/ great utt]ance 0 naturali/ic2 ?is egoism is spirituali/ic4 ,x is ! sublime apo!osis ( ,yankee self-reliance4 8,i only am he :o places ov] y no ma/]1 own]1 bett]1 ,god1 beyond :at waits intr9sically 9 y\rself40 ,?is became ! dom9ant conception 9 ,:itman's lat] "w1 & fills 8 univ]se at l5g?4 ,( a ,god1 al?\gh he sometimes uses ! ^w to obta9 emphasis1 he at no "t _h any def9ite idea4 ,nature1 also1 0 nev] a liv+ vascul> p]sonality = him2 :5 x is n a m]e aggregate ( ?+s1 x is an ord]1 sometimes a moral ord]4 ,also he wisely refuses ) unsw]v+ consi/5cy to admit an ab/ract ,humanity2 ( 8man0 he has no?+ to say2 !re is no?+ any:]e 9 ! univ]se = him b individuals1 undy+1 ev]la/+ly aggr&iz+ individuals4 ,?is egoism is practical1 /r5u\s1 moral2 x _c be describ$ z religi\s4 ,:itman is lack+--& 9 ?is respect he comes ne>] to ,goe! ?an to any o!r great mod]n man--9 :at may be possibly ! disease ( 8s\l10 ! disease t 0 s bitt]ly bewail$ by ,he9e4 ,:itman 0 cong5itally defici5t 9 8s\l20 he is a k9d ( ,titanic ,und9e4 8,i nev] _h any p>ticul> religi\s exp]i5ces10 he told ,bucke1 8nev] felt ! ne$ ( spiritual reg5]ation20 & al?\gh he describes himself z 8pleas$ ) ! e>ne/ words ( ! sweat+ ,me?odi/ prea*]1 impress$ s]i\sly at ! camp-meet+10 we "k :at weight to give to ?is utt]ance :5 we read else:]e1 ( animals3 8,!y d n sweat & :9e ab\t _! condition1 ,!y d n lie awake 9 ! d>k & weep = _! s9s1 ,!y d n make me sick discuss+ _! duty to ,god1 ,n "o is dissatisfi$1 n "o is dem5t$ ) ! mania ( own+ ?+s1 ,n "o kneels to ano!r1 nor to 8 k9d t liv$ ?\s&s ( ye>s ago1 ,n "o is respectable or unhappy ov] ! :ole e>?40 ,we may detect ?is lack ( 8s\l0 9 8 attitude t[>ds music2 =1 9 its highe/ developm5t1 music is ! special expon5t ( ! mod]n s\l 9 its complexity1 its passive resignation1 its re/less my/ical ard\rs4 ,t ,:itman delight$ 9 music is cle>2 x is equally cle>1 f ! te/imony ( 8 writ+s & ( witnesses1 t ! music he delight$ 9 0 simple & joy\s melody z 9 ,ross9i's op]as2 he alludes vaguely to symphonies1 b 8:5 x is a gr& op]a1 ,ah6 ?is inde$ is music--?is suits me40 ,t ,:itman c\ld h truly appreciat$ ,bee?ov51 or und]/ood ,wagn]'s 8,tannhus]10 is n conceivable4 ,) ,:itman's egoism is connect$ 8 /r5u\sness4 ,!re is a /irr+ s\nd ( trumpets always among ^! 8,leaves ( ,grass40 ,?is man may h come1 z he tells u1 to inaugurate a new religion1 b he has few or no m>ks ^u him ( t my/icism--t ,ea/]n _s ( glad r5unciation ( ! self 9 a l>g] self--:i* is ( ! ess5ce ( religion4 ,he is at ! head ( a b& ( s9ewy & tan-fac$ pione]s1 ) pi/ols 9 _! belts & %>p-edg$ axes 9 _! h&s3 8,& he go+ ) me leaves peace & r\t9e beh9d him1 ,& /akes 8 life to be lo/ at any mom5t40 ,?is /r5u\sness f9ds expression 9 ! hurri$ jolt & bu/le ( ! l9es1 always al]t1 unre/+1 ev] />t+ afre%4 ,passages ( sweet & peaceful fl[ are h>d to f9d 9 8,leaves ( ,grass10 & ! m preci\s :5 f\nd4 ,:itman h>dly succe$s 9 ! expression ( joy2 to feel exquisitely ! pulse ( gladness a m passive & fem99e s5sibility is ne$$1 l t we meet ) 9 8,t[>ds ,democracy20 we mu/ n come to ?is focus ( radiant en]gy = repose or consolation4 ,?is egoism1 ?is /r5u\sness1 rea*es at ! end to heights ( sublime audacity4 ,:5 we read c]ta9 portions ( 8,leaves ( ,grass0 we seem to see a va/ phalanx ( ,great ,companions pass+ = ev] along ! cosmic roads1 /alw>t ,pione]s ( ! ,univ]se4 ,!re are sup]b "y m51 a?letic girls1 spl5did & savage old m5--= ! weak seem to h p]i%$ by ! roadside--& !y radiate an inf9ite en]gy1 an inf9ite joy4 ,x is truly a trem5d\s dia/ole ( life to :i* ! crude & colossal extravagance ( ?is vision be>s witness2 we we>y soon ( its /r5u\s vitality1 & crave = ! sy/ole ( life1 = peace & repose4 ,x is n /range t ! imm5se fai? ( ! prophet himself gr[s hesitant & sil5t at times be=e 8all ! meanness & agony )\t end10 & d\bts t x is an illusion & 8t may-be id5tity beyond ! grave a beautiful fable only40 ,"h & aga9 we meet ?is access ( d\bt1 & ev5 amid ! fai? ( ! 8,pray] ( ,columbus0 !re is a tremul\s1 pa!tic note ( sadness4 ,yet !re is "o ke5 sword ) :i* ,:itman is always able to cut ! knot ( ?is d\bt--! sword ( love4 ,he has b to grasp love & comrade%ip1 & he gr[s indiff]5t to ! problem ( id5tity beyond ! grave4 8,he a-hold ( my h& has completely satisfi$ me40 ,he discov]s at la/ t love & comrade%ip--adhesiv5ess--is1 aft] all1 ! ma9 ?+1 8base & f9ale1 too1 = all metaphysics20 deep] ?an religion1 und]nea? ,socrates & und]nea? ,*ri/4 ,) a s\nd insight he f9ds ! roots ( ! mo/ univ]sal love 9 ! intimate & physical love ( comrades & lov]s4 8,i m9d h[ once we lay1 su* a transp>5t summ] morn+1 ,h[ y settl$ y\r head a?w>t my hips & g5tly turn$ ov] ^u me1 ,& p>t$ ! %irt f my bosom-bone1 & plung$ y\r tongue to my b>e-/ript he>t1 ,& rea*$ till y felt my be>d1 & rea*$ till y held my feet4 8,swiftly arose & spread ar\nd me ! peace & k t pass all ! argum5t ( ! e>?1 ,& ,i "k t ! h& ( ,god is ! promise ( my own1 ,& ,i "k t ! _s ( ,god is ! bro!r ( my own1 ,& t all ! m5 ev] born are also my bro!rs1 & ! wom5 my si/]s & lov]s1 ,& t a kelson ( ! creation is love40 ,,iv4 ,?is 8love0 ( ,:itman's is a v p]sonal matt]2 ( an ab/ract ,man1 a solidaire ,humanity1 he nev] speaks2 x does n appe> ev] to h occurr$ to him t s extraord9>y a conception c be =mulat$2 8 relations to m5 g5]ally spr+ out ( 8 relations to p>ticul> m54 ,he has t\*$ & embrac$ 8 fell[s' fle%2 he has felt ?r\gh\t 8 be+ ! my/]i\s rev]b]ations ( ! contact3 8,!re is some?+ 9 /ay+ close to m5 & wom5 & look+ on !m1 & 9 ! contact & od\r ( !m1 t pleases ! s\l well1 ,all ?+s please ! s\l1 b ^! please ! s\l well40 ,?is p]sonal & intimate fact is ! c5tre f :i* ! :ole ( ,:itman's morality radiates4 ,( an ab/ract ,humanity1 x is true1 he has nev] ?\ght2 he has no vision ( ,nature z a spiritual ,pres5ce2 ,god is to him a ^w only1 )\t vitality2 to ,art he is mo/ly indiff]5t2 yet !re rema9s ?is great moral k]nel1 spr++ f ! sexual impulse1 tak+ practical root 9 a s+ul>ly ri* & vivid emotional nature1 & be>+ )9 x ! promise ( a city ( lov]s & fri5ds4 ,?is moral elem5t is "o ( ! c5tral features 9 ,:itman's attitude t[>ds sex & ! body g5]ally4 ,= ! lov] !re is no?+ 9 ! lov$ "o's body impure or unclean2 a brea? ( passion has pass$ ov] x1 & all ?+s are sweet4 ,= mo/ ( u ?is influ5ce spreads no f>!r2 = ! man ( /rong moral in/9ct x cov]s all human ?+s 9 inf9itely wid5+ circles2 8 he>t goes out to e creature t %>es ! lov$ "o's delici\s humanity2 h5ce=? !re is no?+ human t he _c t\* ) rev]5ce & love4 8,leaves ( ,grass0 is p5etrat$ by ?is moral elem5t4 ,h[ curi\sly f> ?is attitude is f ! old ,*ri/ian way we realize :5 we turn to ^? days 9 :i* ,*ri/ianity 0 at its height1 & see h[ ,sa9t ,b]n>d ) 8 mild & ard5t gaze look$ out into ! _w ( ,nature & saw m5 z 8/9k+ spawn1 sacks ( dung1 ! food ( worms40 ,b !re is ano!r elem5t 9 ,:itman's attitude--! arti/ic4 ,x %[s itself 9 a tw(old mann]4 ,:itman came ( a vigor\s ,dut* /ock2 ^! ,van ,velsors f ,holl& h fully z l>ge a "p 9 him z any?+ 8 ,engli% ance/ry gave him1 & 8 ,dut* race %[s itself *iefly 9 8 arti/ic mann]4 ,! supreme a*ievem5t 9 art ( ! ,dut* is _! sev5te5? c5tury pa9t+4 ,:at m>k$ ^? ,dut* arti/s 0 ! in]adicable conviction t e action1 social or physiological1 ( ! av]age man1 woman1 *ild1 ar\nd !m might be1 ) love & absolute fai?fulness1 phlegmatically set =?4 ,9 _! h]oic e>?l9ess !y c\ld at no po9t be repuls$2 col\r & light may aureole _! "w1 b ! mo/ commonplace ?+s ( ,nature %all h ! l>ge/ nimbus4 ,t is ! temp] ( ,dut* art ?r\gh\t2 no o!r art 9 ! _w has ! same *>act]i/ics4 ,9 ! art ( ,:itman alone d we meet ) x aga91 impati5t inde$ & brok5 up into fragm5ts1 pi]c$ ?r\gh ) %afts ( light f o!r s\rces1 b /ill con/ant & unmi/akable4 ,! o!r arti/ic elem5t 9 ,:itman's attitude is mod]n2 x is almo/ ! only arti/ic elem5t by :i*1 unconsci\sly p]haps1 he allies himself to mod]n traditions 9 art in/ead ( break+ ?r\gh !m by 8 own volcanic en]gy--a curi\s rese>* = sexual imag]y 9 ,nature1 imag]y (t5 t+$ by biz>re & my/ical col\r4 ,rossetti occasionally uses sexual imag]y ) r>e felicity1 z 9 8,nuptial ,sleep03 8,& z ! la/ sl[ sudd5 drops are %$ ,f sp>kl+ eaves :5 all ! /orm has fl$1 ,s s+ly flagg$ ! pulses ( ea* he>t40 ,) /ill great] beauty & audacity ,:itman1 9 8,i s+ ! body electric10 celebrates ! la/ ab&onm5t ( love3 8,bridegroom night ( love work+ surely & s(tly into ! pro/rate dawn1 ,undulat+ into ! will+ & yield+ day1 ,lo/ 9 ! cleave ( ! clasp+ & sweet-fle%$ day40 ,or1 aga91 9 ! m>vell\sly ke5 8,faces0--s reali/ic & s imag9ative--:5 ! 8lily's face0 speaks out h] long+ to be fill$ ) albesc5t honey4 ,?is man has c]ta9ly felt ! tru? ( t deep say+ ( ,?oreau's1 t = him to :om sex is impure !re are no fl[]s 9 ,nature4 ,he _c help speak+ ( man's or woman's life 9 t]ms ( ,nature's life1 ( ,nature's life 9 t]ms ( man's2 he m+les !m toge!r ) an admirably balanc$ rhy?m1 z 9 8,spontane\s ,me40 ,all ! functions ( man's or woman's life are sweet to him because !y be> ab\t !m a sav\r ( ! ?+s t are sweet to him any:]e 9 ! _w1 8,( ! smell ( apples & lemons1 ( ! pair+ ( birds1 ,( ! wet ( woods1 ( ! lapp+ ( waves40 ,sometimes :5 he is on ?is track he seems to lose himself 9 my/ic obscurity2 & ! words 9 :i* he records 8 impressions are m]e pat*es ( morbid col\r4 ,!re is a ?ird elem5t 9 ,:itman's attitude4 ,x is cle> t he _h f ! outset :at may be vaguely call$ a sci5tific purpose 9 t frank grasp ( ! body1 :i* has a significance to be measur$ by ! fi]ce opposition x ar\s$1 & by ! t5acity ) :i*1 9 ! late/ volume ( 8 old age1 8,novemb] ,b\ghs10 he /ill insi/s t ! pr9ciple ( ^? l9es s gives brea? to ! :ole s*eme t ! bulk ( ! pieces might z well h be5 left unwritt5 7 ^? l9es omitt$4 ,he has himself admirably set ?is =? 9 8,a ,memor&um at a ,v5ture0 9 8,specim5 ,days & ,collect40 ,9 religion & politics we h1 aft] a great /ruggle1 ga9$ ! priceless possibility ( lib]ty & s9c]ity4 ,b ! region ( sex is /ill1 l our moral & social life g5]ally1 to a l>ge ext5t unreclaim$2 !re /ill exi/ b>b>\s traditions :i* m$ival ,*ri/ianity has help$ to p]petuate1 s t ! words ( ,pl9y reg>d+ ! contam9at+ t\* ( a woman1 :o has always be5 reg>d$ z 9 a peculi> mann] ! symbol ( sex--8,nihil facile rep]iabatur muli]um pr(luvio magis mon/rificum0--are n ev5 yet mean+less4 ,:y %\ld ! sweet5+ brea? ( sci5ce be gu>d$ f ?is spot8 ,:y %\ld n 8fre$om & fai? & e>ne/ness0 be introduc$ "h8 ,our attitude t[>ds ?is "p ( life affects pr(\ndly our attitude t[>ds life altoge!r4 ,to realize ?is1 read ,swift's 8,/rephon & ,*loe10 :i* en%r9es1 vividly & un%r9k+ly1 9 a classic =m1 a c]ta9 emotional way ( approa*+ ! body4 ,x n>rates ! v trivial exp]i5ces ( a man & woman on _! bridal night4 ,! incid5ts are no?+2 !y are p]fectly innoc5t2 ! int]e/+ fact ab\t !m is ! g5]al attitude :i* !y enfold4 ,! unque/ion+ fai? ( ! man is t 9 sett+ d[n ! simple daily facts ( human life he has dr[n$ ! possibilities ( love 9 fil?4 ,& ,swift "h repres5ts1 9 an unfl9*+ly logical fa%ion1 ! op9ions1 m or less realiz$1 m or less disguis$1 ( mo/ p ev5 to-day4 ,_c ^! facts ( our physical nature be o!rwise set d[n8 ,:y may we n 8keep z delicate ar\nd ! b[els z ar\nd ! head & he>t80 ,t is1 9 effect1 ! "q :i*1 9 8,a ,memor&um at a ,v5ture10 ,:itman tells u t he und]took to answ]4 ,?is /atem5t ( x 0 probably an aft]?\ght2 else he w\ld h c>ri$ out 8 attempt m ?or\ghly & m uncompromis+ly4 ,= ,i d\bt if ev5 ,:itman has fully realiz$ ! beauty & purity ( organic life2 ! sci5tific elem5t 9 him 0 less /rong ?an ! moral1 or ev5 ! arti/ic4 ,:ile 8 g5ial poetic mann] ( grasp+ ?+s is ( prime importance1 ! new conceptions ( purity are f\nd$ on a sci5tific basis :i* mu/ be deeply und]/ood4 ,swift's morbid & exagg]at$ spiritualism1 a legacy ( m$ivalism--& ! ord9>y 8common-s5se0 view is b ! unconsci\s %ad[ ( m$ival spiritualism--is really f\nd$ on ignorance1 9 o!r words1 on ! traditional religi\s conceptions ( an antique b /ill surviv+ b>b>ism4 ,f our mod]n /&po9t ( sci5ce1 op5+ its eyes anew1 ! wond]ful cycles ( normal life are = ev] clean & pure1 ! loa?som5ess1 if inde$ any:]e1 lies 9 ! conceptions ( hyp]trophi$ & hyp]/hetic bra9s4 ,"s :o h /riv5 to f9d a vital natural mean+ 9 ! c5tral sacram5t ( ,*ri/ianity h ?\ght t ! ,la/ ,supp] 0 an attempt to reveal ! div9e my/]y ( food1 to consecrate ! lovel9ess ( ! m]e daily bread & w9e :i* becomes ! life ( man4 ,su* sacram5ts ( ,nature are ev]y:]e subtly wov5 into ! texture ( m5's bodies4 ,all lovel9ess ( ! body is ! outw>d sign ( "s vital use4 ,d\btless ^! relation%ips h be5 sometimes p]ceiv$ & _! mean+ realiz$ by a sort ( my/ical intuition1 b x is only ( rec5t ye>s t sci5ce has furni%$ !m ) a rational basis4 ,! *ief & c5tral function ( life--! omnipres5t process ( sex1 ev] wond]ful1 ev] lovely1 z x is wov5 into ! :ole texture ( our man's or woman's body--is ! patt]n ( all ! process ( our life4 ,at :atev] po9t t\*$1 ! rev]b]ation1 multiplexly *>g$ ) uses1 mean+s1 & emotional associations ( inf9ite *>m1 to ! s5sitive individual m or less consci\s1 spreads ?r\gh\t ! entire organism4 ,we c no long] intrude our crude di/9ctions ( high & l[4 ,we _c n[ /ep 9 & say t ?is l9k 9 ! *a9 is et]nally ugly & t is et]nally beautiful4 ,= irrational disgu/1 ! v>y+ outcome ( individual idiosyncrasy1 !re is d\btless /ill room2 x is incalculable1 & _c be rea*$4 ,b t rational disgu/ :i* 0 once held to be common prop]ty has receiv$ f sci5ce its dea?-bl[4 ,9 ! gr[? ( ! s5se ( purity1 :i* ,:itman1 n alone1 has annunciat$1 lies "o ( our *ief hopes = morals1 z well z = art4 ,v4 ,beh9d 8,leaves ( ,grass0 /&s ! p]sonality ( ! man ,walt ,:itman2 t is ! *>m ( ! book & its p[]4 ,x is1 9 8 own words1 ! record ( a ,p]son4 ,a man has "h s\ght to give a fre% & frank repres5tation ( 8 nature--physical1 intellectual1 moral1 /hetic--z he receiv$ x1 & z x grew 9 ! great field ( ! _w4 ,sometimes !re is an elem5t 9 ?is record :i*1 :ile p]haps v ,am]ican1 rem9ds "o ( ! great ,fr5*man :o %\t$ s lu/ily ?r\gh 8 huge brass trumpet1 seat$ on ! apex ( ! univ]se 9 ! ,av5ue d',eylau4 ,! noble l9es to 8,y felons on trial 9 ,c\rts0 accompany 8,to him t 0 crucifi$40 ,su* rhetorical fl\ri%es d n impair ! value ( ?is revelation4 ,! self-revelation ( a human p]sonality is ! "o supremely preci\s & endur+ ?+4 ,all art is ! se>* = x4 ,! /ronge/ & mo/ successful ( religions 7 av[$ly f\nd$ on p]sonalities1 m or less dimly se54 ,! intimate & c&id record ( p]sonality alone gives quick5+ en]gy to books4 ,h]e9 is ! might ( 8,leaves ( ,grass40 ,9 our ov]/ra9$ civilization ! t5d5cy 9 lit]ature--& 9 life z x acts on lit]ature & is aga9 react$ on by x--is1 on ! "o h&1 t[>ds an artificial mode ( pres5tm5t1 t is1 a divorce betwe5 ! actual & ! alleg$1 a divorce :i*1 9 ! language ( satire1 is (t5 call$ hypocrisy4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! t5d5cy is t[>ds a s+l5ess ( aim & ideal inde$1 b a ?91 n>r[1 sup]-ref9$ ideal1 at ! same "t r hy/]ical & r prim4 ,9 y\? we _c see ?r\gh ^! ,t>tuffes & ,prcieuses2 :5 we become gr[n m5 & wom5 we feel a great ?ir/ = ,nature1 = reality 9 lit]ature1 & we slake x at su* f\nta9s z ?is ( 8,leaves ( ,grass40 ,l ,antu ( old we b[ d[n to t\* ! e>?1 to come 9 contact ) ! great primal en]gies ( ,nature1 & to gr[ /rong4 ,we realize t ! /ructure ( ! _w is inde$ built mo/ glori\sly on ! imm5se pill>s ( ,hung] & ,love1 & we w n seek to d5y or to att5uate its f\ndations4 ,pres5t+ a tru? s ab/ract 9 fre% & liv+ concrete language1 ?is man1 z an ,adam 9 a new ,p>adise1 :i* is ! v _w itself1 walks aga9 ^u ! e>?1 sometimes ) calm complaisance1 sometimes 8deliriat+0 wildly3 8,behold me :]e ,i pass1 he> my voice1 approa*1 ,t\* me1 t\* ! palm ( y\r h& to my body z ,i pass1 ,be n afraid ( my body40 ,he has toss$ 8a new gladness & r\ghness0 among m5 & wom54 ,he has op5$ a fre% *annel ( ,nature's =ce into human life--! l>ge/ s9ce ,wordswor?1 & m fit = human use--8! amplitude ( ! e>?1 & ! co>s5ess & sexuality ( ! e>?1 & ! great *>ity ( ! e>?1 & ! equilibrium also40 ,& 9 8 vigor\s mascul9e love1 ass]t+ 8 own p]sonality he has ass]t$ t ( all--8,by ,god6 ,i w accept no?+ :i* all _c h _! c\nt]p>t ( on ! same t]ms40 ,*>g+ himself 9 e place ) cont5tm5t & triumph1 he embraces all m51 z ,/4 ,francis 9 8 sweet1 humble1 ,*ri/ian way also embrac$ !m1 9 ! _s ( audacity1 & rankness1 & pride4 ,s t all he has writt5 is summ$ up 9 "o ejaculation3 8,h[ va/1 h[ eligible1 h[ joyful1 h[ real is a human be+1 himself or h]self60 ,,ibs54 ,! ,sc&9avian peoples hold to-day a position n unlike t held at ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury by ,g]many4 ,!y speak1 9 v>i\s modifi$ =ms1 a language :i* ! re/ ( ! _w h reg>d$ z little m ?an b>b>\s1 & are look$ ^u g5]ally z an innoc5t & primitive folk4 ,yet !y conta9 c5tres ( int5se lit]>y activity2 !y h produc$ novels ( a peculi>ly fre% & p5etrat+ realism2 & !y possess1 moreov]1 a /age on :i* great lit]>y works may be p]=m$1 & ! burn+ que/ions ( ! mod]n _w be sc5ically resolv$4 ,x is natural t ,norway1 ) its hi/orical pa/ & lit]>y traditions1 %\ld be ! *ief c5tre ( ?is activity1 & t a ,norwegian %\ld /& =? to-day z ! *ief figure ( ,european significance t has appe>$ 9 ! ,teutonic _w ( art s9ce ,goe!4 ,to und]/& ,norwegian art--:e!r 9 its popul> music1 ) its extremes ( melan*oly or hil>ity1 or 9 its highly-develop$ lit]ature--we mu/ und]/& ! peculi> "* ( ! l& :i* has produc$ ?is p4 ,x is a l& hav+1 9 its mo/ *>act]i/ic regions1 a ye> ( b "o day & night--! summ] a p]petual w>m sunlit day fill$ ) ! aroma ( trees & plants1 & ! re/ ( ! ye> a night ( d>kness & horror2 a l& :i* is ! extreme nor!rn limit ( ,european civilization1 on ! outskirts ( :i* ! great primitive gods /ill dwell2 & :]e elves & fairies & m]maids are /ill reg>d$1 accord+ to ! expression ( ,jonas ,lie1 z tame dome/ic animals4 ,su* an environm5t mu/ "w mightily on ! _s & temp] ( ! race4 ,z "o ( ! p]sons 9 ,bjrnson's 8,ov] vne0 obs]ves--8,!re is some?+ 9 ,nature "h :i* *all5ges :atev] is extraord9>y 9 u4 ,nature h]self "h goes beyond all ord9>y measure4 ,we h night ne>ly all ! w9t]2 we h day ne>ly all ! summ]1 ) ! sun by day & by night above ! horizon4 ,y h se5 x at night half-veil$ by ! mi/s f ! sea2 x (t5 looks ?ree1 ev5 f\r1 times l>g] ?an usual4 ,& !n ! play ( col\rs on sky1 sea1 & rock1 f ! mo/ gl[+ r$ to ! s(te/ & mo/ delicate yell[ & :ite6 ,& !n ! col\rs ( ! ,nor!rn ,lights on ! w9t] sky1 ) _! m suppress$ k9d ( wild pictures1 yet full ( unre/ & =ev] *ang+6 ,!n ! o!r wond]s ( ,nature6 ,^! millions ( sea-birds1 & ! w&]+ processions ( fi%1 /ret*+ = miles6 ,^! p]p5dicul> cliffs t rise directly out ( ! sea6 ,!y are n l o!r m\nta9s1 & ! ,atlantic ro>s r\nd _! feet4 ,& ! ideas ( ! p are correspond+ly unmeasur$4 ,li/5 to _! leg5ds & /ories40 ,s /rik+ are ! contra/s 9 ! ,norwegian "* t !y h be5 suppos$ to be due to ! m+l+ ( races2 ! fair-hair$1 blue-ey$ ,norwegian ( ! old ,sagas1 sil5t & deep-natur$1 be+ modifi$1 n[ 7especially 9 ! nor?7 by ! d>k]1 br[n-ey$ ,lapp1 ) 8 weakness ( "*1 vivid imag9ation1 & t5d5cy to natural my/icism1 &1 aga9 7especially 9 ! ea/71 by ! d>+1 practical1 en]getic ,f9n4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 among ! ,norwegian poets & noveli/s v>i\s qualities (t5 meet toge!r 9 /rik+ opposition2 wild & fanta/ic imag9ation /&s beside an exact realism & a lov+ grasp ( nature2 a t5d5cy to my/icism & symbol beside a heal?y naturalism4 ,we f9d ^! *>act]i/ics v>i\sly comb9$ 9 ,ibs52 9 ,bjrnson1 ) 8 virile /r5g? & g5]\s emotions1 amid :i* a my/ic influ5ce n[ & !n appe>s2 9 ,jonas ,lie1 ) 8 subtle & delicate _s1 s intimately national2 9 ,kiell&1 a reali/ic noveli/ ( mo/ da9ty & delicate art1 b5ea? :i* may be he>d ! sombre und]tone ( 8 sympa?y ) ! weak & ! oppress$4 ,( ^! writ]s1 & o!rs only less rem>kable1 "o alone is at all well kn[n 9 ,engl&1 & ev5 he is kn[n exclusively by 8 e>ly "w1 especially by t mo/ delightful ( peasant /ories1 8,arne40 ,9 ,g]many ! ,sc&9avian noveli/s & dramati/s h receiv$ mu* att5tion1 & are widely kn[n ?r\gh excell5t & easily accessible translations4 ,yet our ,engli% race & spee* are ev5 m closely alli$ to ! nor!rn2 our l& is /udd$ ) easily recognizable ,sc&9avian place-names & ,sc&9avian colonies1 ^: dialects are full ( g5u9e ,sc&9avian words unkn[n to lit]>y ,engli%4 ,x is n likely t ?is indiff]5ce to ! social1 political1 & lit]>y hi/ory ( our nor!rn k9sm5 c la/ mu* long]4 ,ab\t #agbj a ,dani% skipp]1 "o ,pet] ,ibs51 came ov] f ,mo5#h to ,b]g5 & settl$ !re4 ,he m>ri$ ! daught] ( a ,g]man :o _h likewise emigrat$ f 8 own c\ntry3 ^! 7 ! poet's great-great-gr&p>5ts4 ,pet] ,ibs5 _h a son1 ,h5rik ,pet]s5 ,ibs51 :o 0 also a %ip's capta94 ,he m>ri$ a lady ^: "n is giv5 z ,w5*e ,dis*+ton1 ! daught] ( a ,scot*man naturaliz$ 9 ,norway4 ,?is ,h5rik ,ibs5 settl$ 9 ,ski51 & _h a son ( ! same "n :o m>ri$ a ,g]man wife4 ,all ^! ,ibs5s 7 sailors4 ,h5rik ,ibs5's son1 ,knud ,ibs51 ! dramati/'s fa!r1 l 8 fa!r m>ri$ a wife ( ,g]man extraction1 ,m>ia ,cornelia ,alt5burg1 ! daught] ( a m]*ant :o _h begun life z a sailor4 #h ,?is isl&1 ,i may note 9 pass+1 is ! home ( a black-hair$ race1 v unlike ! typical ,norsem51 & :i* has be5 id5tifi$ ) ^? 8black /rang]s0 spok5 ( by ! ,iri% *ronicl]s :o describ$ ! ,vik+ invasions4 ,?is ance/ry is v significant4 ,x w be se5 t ,ibs5 is on bo? sides pr$om9antly ,g]man1 & t 9 8 ,g]man & ,dani% blood !re is an int]e/+ ,scot* /ra94 ,! t5d5cy to philosophic ab/raction & ! /r5u\s e>ne/ness1 m+l+ ) ! m *>act]i/ically nor!rn imag9ative influ5ces1 are expla9$ by ?is ,g]man & ,scot* ance/ry2 x expla9s also ! peculi>ly isolat$ & yet cosmopolitan attitude :i* m>ks ,ibs5--:y x is t 8 works h be5 s en?usia/ically receiv$ & s easily naturaliz$ 9 ,g]many1 & :y1 n[ t !y are beg9n+ to be kn[n1 !y promise to make s deep an impression 9 our own l&4 ,ibs5's "m possess$ a %y1 sil5t1 & solit>y nature1 :i* %e imp>t$ to h] son4 ,"o ( h] daught]s ?us describes h]3 8,%e 0 a quiet1 lovable woman1 ! s\l ( ! h\se1 devot$ to h] husb& & *ildr54 ,%e 0 always sacrific+ h]self4 ,!re 0 no bitt]ness or reproa* 9 h]40 ,! fa!r 0 ( *e]ful disposition1 a man ( sociable ta/es1 popul> 9 8 circle1 b also fe>$1 = he _h a ke5 wit1 &1 l 8 son1 he c\ld use x unm]cifully4 ,knud ,ibs5's elde/ son1 ,h5rik1#i 0 born at ,ski51 a busy little t[n ( "s #c1jjj inhabitants occupi$ 9 ! timb] trade1 on ! #bj? ,m>*1 #ahbh4 8,i 0 born10 ! dramati/ writes 9 "s rem9isc5ces publi%$ by ,mr4 ,jaeg] = ! fir/ "t1 89 a h\se 9 ! m>ket-place1 ,/ockmann's h\se x 0 !n call$4 ,! h\se lay "r opposite ! *ur* ) its high /eps & l>ge t[]4 ,to ! "r1 9 front ( ! *ur*1 /ood ! t[n pillory1 & to ! left ! t[n-hall1 ! lock-up1 & ! #8madh\se4' ,! f\r? side ( ! m>ket-place 0 occupi$ by ! ,lat9 s*ool & ! t[n s*ool4 ,! *ur* lay free 9 ! middle4 ,?is prospect 0 ! fir/ view ( ! e>? t pres5t$ itself to my eyes4 ,all build+s2 no gre51 no rural op5 l&scape40 ,x 0 9 ! *ur* t[] t ! baby ,h5rik receiv$ 8 fir/ consci\s & deep impression4 ,! nursemaid took him up & held him out 7to ! horror ( 8 "m bel[71 & he nev] =got t new & /range vision ( ! _w f above4 ,ibs5 goes on to describe ! attractions :i* 7 held = him 9 ! gloomy t[n-hall & ! pillory1 unus$ = _m ye>s1 a r$-br[n po/ ( ab\t a man's height1 ) a great r\nd knob :i* _h orig9ally be5 pa9t$ black1 b :i* !n look$ l a human face4 ,9 front ( ! po/ hung an iron *a91 & 9 t an iron r+ :i* seem$ l two small arms ready to clasp ! *ild's neck on ! lea/ provocation4 ,& !n !re 0 ! t[n-hall4 ,t1 too1 _h high /eps l ! *ur*1 & und]nea? x 0 ! gaol ) its b>r$ w9d[s3 8inside ! b>s ,i h se5 _m pale & d>k faces40 ,& !n !re 0 ! 8madh\se10 :i* 9 its "t _h really be5 us$ to conf9e lunatics4 ,t also 0 b>r$1 b inside ! b>s ! little w9d[ 0 fill$ by a massive iron plate ) small r\nd holes l a sieve4 ,?is place 0 said to h be5 ! abode ( a fam\s crim9al :o _h be5 br&$4 #i ,_m books & pamphlets deal+ ) 8 life & works h appe>$ 9 ,d5m>k1 ,sw$5 & ,g]many4 ,! *ief ( ^! are ,vas5ius's 8,h5rik ,ibs51 ett ,skaldeportrtt10 ,/ockholm1 #ahhb2 ,pass>ge's 8,h5rik ,ibs53 ,e9 ,beitrag zur neu/5 ,ges*i*te d] norwegis*5 ,nationallit]atur10 ,leipsic1 #ahhc2 & ,h4 ,jaeg]'s 8,h5rik ,ibs51 #ahbh-ahhh10 ,cop5hag54 ,! la/-nam$1 n[ translat$1 is by f> ! be/4 ,^! e>ly impressions ( ! dramati/--! *ur* t[]1 ! pillory1 ! b>r$ w9d[s1 ! pale crim9als--are ( no little int]e/4 ,!y help to expla9 = u ! sombre & tragic ca/1 purely human & reflective1 ( ,ibs5's "*4 ,!y expla91 too1 ! abs5ce 9 8 "w ( ! sea & ! =e/1 ( ^? ?+s :i* give su* a sweet1 wild aroma1 n[ & aga91 to ! "w ( ,bjrnson & ,lie4 ,! little t[n1 ) its active comm]cial life & its equally active religi\s life--= ,ski5 0 a c5tre ( pieti/ic influ5ce--0 su* a place z is br\ght be=e u 9 8,de ,unges ,=bund0 & 9 8,samfundets ,/tt]10 & x 0 a fit bir?place = ! au?or ( 8,br&40 ,knud ,ibs5 belong$ to ! ari/ocracy ( ,ski51 & 8 h\se 0 a c5tre ( its social life4 ,:5 ,h5rik 0 eight ye>s old !re 0 an end ( ?is1 = 8 fa!r became a bankrupt4 ,aft] ! cata/rophe ! family retir$ to a small & humble home outside ,ski51 :]e !y liv$ ) a frugality :i* 0 9 m>k$ contra/ ) _! =m] life4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ?is sudd5 *ange ( circum/ances1 & ! insight :i* x br\ght into ! social cleavage ( a prov9cial t[n1 c\nt$ = mu* 9 ,ibs5's developm5t4 ,x is c]ta9 t at ?is p]iod 8 m>k$ individuality began to be p]ceiv$4 ,he did n play l ! o!r *ildr52 :ile !y romp$ 9 ! y>d1 he retir$ into a little inclosure 9 an alley t l$ to ! kit*51 & b>ricad$ himself aga9/ ! he$less incursions ( ! y\ng] memb]s ( ! family4 ,"h he kept gu>d1 n only 9 summ]1 b 9 ! dep? ( w9t]4 ,x is cle> t ev5 at ?is e>ly age ,ibs5 _h rea*$ ! po9t ( pr\d isolation & defiance ( 8 fell[-citiz5s :i* ,/ockmann ultimately atta9$4 ,"o ( 8 si/]s describes h[ !y us$ to ?r[ /ones & sn[balls at 8 retreat to make him come out to jo9 _! play1 b :5 he c\ld no long] )/& ! attack & yield$ to ! assailants1 he c\ld display no skill 9 any k9d ( sport1 & soon retir$ aga9 to 8 d54 ,read+ appe>s to h be5 "o ( 8 *ief occupations !re1 & ,jaeg] assures u t ! words :i* _m ye>s aft]w>ds ,ibs5 put into ! m\? ( ! little girl ,h$wig1 :o is s pa!tic & t5d] a figure 9 "o ( 8 late/ dramas1 8,vild&510 conta9 a rem9isc5ce ( *ildhood4 8,& d y read ! books80 ask$ ,greg]s4 8,oh1 yes1 :5 ,i c4 ,b mo/ ( !m are ,engli%1 & ,i c't read ^?4 ,b !n ,i c look at ! pictures4 ,!re is "o big black book1 call$ ,h>ryson's #8,hi/ory ( ,london2' x mu/ be a hundr$ ye>s old1 & t has su* a numb] ( pictures 9 x4 ,fir/ !re is a picture ( ,dea? ) an h\rglass & a girl4 ,i ?9k t is hide\s4 ,b !n !re are all sorts ( o!r pictures1 ) *ur*es & ca/les & /reets & great %ips t sail on ! sea40 ,he also amus$ himself ) p5cil & col\r-box4 ,mean:ile he w5t to s*ool1 go+ ?r\gh ! usual c\rse & le>n+ a little ,lat92 he appe>s to h tak5 a special int]e/ 9 ! ,biblical in/ruction4 ,at f\rte5 he 0 confirm$1 & ! "t came = him to make 8 way 9 ! _w4 ,at ?is p]iod he wi%$ to become a pa9t]2 he devot$ himself ) zeal to draw+1 & an int]e/ 9 pa9t+ has rema9$ ) him1 ! =mation ( an excell5t little collection ( ,r5aissance pictures becom+ 9 lat] life "o ( 8 *ief hobbies4 ,9 ! exi/+ /ate ( ! family means1 ?is c>e] 0 out ( ! "q1 & he 0 s5t to an apo!c>y at ,grim/ad1 a little t[n conta9+ at t "t n m ?an #hjj inhabitants4 ,! apo!c>y's %op1 ,jaeg] rem>ks1 is ! place :]e all ! l\ng]s meet 9 ! ev5+ to discuss ! ev5ts ( ! day1 & d\btless ! apo!c>y's %op 0 an elem5t 9 ! education ( ! future dramati/4 ,9 8 int]e/+ preface to ! second edition ( 8,catil9a0 he has himself describ$ ! five ye>s ( developm5t t he w5t ?r\gh 9 ?is little t[n4 ,he did n wi% to become a *emi/2 he w\ld become a /ud5t & /udy m$ic9e4 ,at ! same "t 8 poetical activity & ! ev5tful ye> ( #ahdh came to ar\se 9 ! sil5t1 solit>y boy a heal?y int]e/ 9 ! outside _w4 ,x 0 :ile read+ ,sallu/ & ,cic]o = 8 matriculation exam9ation t he conceiv$1 & wrote at midnight1 8 fir/ play1 8,catil9a40 ,) ! help ( two en?usia/ic "y fri5ds ! trag$y 0 publi%$ & "s ?irty copies sold--a result :i* did n p]mit ( ! propos$ t\r 9 ! ,ea/ on :i* ! ?ree fri5ds _h decid$ to exp5d ! pr(its ( ! sale4 ,ibs5 0 n[ 9 8 tw5ty-second ye>1 & he came up to ,*ri/iania to c>ry on 8 /udies at ! s*ool ( ,heltb]g1 :o seems to h _h a s+ul>ly /imulat+ influ5ce on "y m51 & at ! univ]sity4 ,"h ,ibs5 0 ! comrade ( ,bjrnson1 ,jonas ,lie1 & o!rs :o h s9ce become fam\s4 ,at a lat] date ,bjrnson cond5s$ 8 y\?ful impression ( 8 fri5d 9 two vigor\s l9es3 8,t5se & lean1 ! col\r ( gypsum1 ,beh9d a va/ coal-black be>d1 ,h5rik ,ibs540 ,! p]iod n[ arriv$ at :i* ,ibs5's c>e] 0 def9itely settl$4 ,he _h be5 mak+ sev]al unsuccessful lit]>y attempts at ,*ri/iania1 hav+ f9ally ab&on$ ! int5tion to /udy m$ic9e1 :51 9 #ahea1 ! fam\s viol9i/1 ,ole ,bull1 :o has done s mu* to give arti/ic %ape & en]gy to ! mod]n ,norwegian _s1 gave him an appo9tm5t at ! ,national ,!atre :i* he _h rec5tly e/abli%$ at ,b]g54 ,ibs5's pr5tice h& 0 n[ tra9$ by ! writ+ ( sev]al dramas n includ$ among 8 publi%$ works2 &1 l ,%akespe>e & ,molire 9 some:at simil> circum/ances1 he "h acquir$ 8 ma/]y ( ! te*nical dem&s ( dramatic =m4 ,9 #ahee 8 appr5tice%ip may be said to h end$1 & he produc$ 8,fru ,+] til /raat0 7,dame ,+] ( /raat71 an hi/orical prose drama ( great en]gy & conc5tration4 ,9 #aheh he m>ri$ ,susanna ,?ores51 ! daught] ( a ,b]g5 cl]gyman1 ^: second wife1 ,magdal5e ,?ores51 is a well-kn[n au?oress4 ,at ! same p]iod he 0 appo9t$ arti/ic director ( ! ,norwegian !atre at ,*ri/iania1 a po/ previ\sly occupi$ by ,bjrnson1 :o _h j inaugurat$ ! ,norwegian peasant novel by ! publication ( 8,synnve ,solbakk540 ,9 #ahfd1 hav+ acquir$ ! means1 ,ibs5 f\nd x desirable to quit ! some:at prov9cial & uncong5ial atmosph]e ( 8 native c\ntry1 & has s9ce liv$ 9 ,rome1 9 ,is*ia1 9 ,dresd51 & at o!r places1 b ma9ly at ,muni*1 produc+ on an av]age a drama e two ye>s4 ,9 #ahhe he revisit$ ,norway4 ,"t _h br\ght its rev5ges1 & he 0 en?usia/ically receiv$ ev]y:]e4 ,at ,dron!im he made a rem>kable spee* to a club ( work+-m54 8,m]e democracy10 he said1 8_c solve ! social "q4 ,an elem5t ( ari/ocracy mu/ be introduc$ into our life4 ,( c\rse ,i d n mean ! ari/ocracy ( bir? or ( ! purse1 or ev5 ! ari/ocracy ( intellect4 ,i mean ! ari/ocracy ( "*1 ( w1 ( m9d4 ,t only c free u4 ,f two gr\ps w ?is ari/ocracy ,i hope = come to our p--f our wom5 & our workm54 ,! revolution 9 ! social condition1 n[ prep>+ 9 ,europe1 is *iefly conc]n$ ) ! future ( ! work]s & ! wom54 ,9 ?is ,i place all my hopes & expectations2 = ?is ,i w "w all my life & ) all my /r5g?40 ,9 private conv]sation1 x is said1 ,ibs5 describes himself z a ,sociali/1 al?\gh he has n id5tifi$ himself ) any def9ite s*ool ( ,socialism4 ,9 p]sonal appe>ance he is r %ort1 b impressive & v vigor\s4 ,he has a peculi>ly broad & high =ehead1 ) small1 ke51 blue-grey eyes 8:i* seem to p5etrate to ! he>t ( ?+s40 ,8 firm & compress$ m\? is *>act]i/ic ( 8! man ( ! iron w10 z he has be5 call$ by a fell[-c\ntryman4 ,altoge!r x is a rem>kable & significant face1 cle>-see+ & al]t1 ) a decisive en]gy ( w ab\t x t none c fail to recognize4 ,x is f> inde$ f ! typical 8pure1 extravagant1 ye>n+1 que/ion+ arti/'s face40 ,9 middle age x recall$1 r1 ! faces ( "s ( our mo/ di/+ui%$ surgeons2 z is p]haps meet 9 ! case ( a writ] :o has us$ s skilful & d>+ a scalpel to cut to ! core ( social diseases4 ,9 society1 al?\gh he likes talk+ to ! common p1 ,ibs5 is usually res]v$ & sil5t2 or 8 conv]sation deals ) ! mo/ ord9>y topics2 8he talks l a :olesale tradesman10 x has be5 said4 ,ibs5's dramas 7exclud+ two or ?ree :i* h n be5 publi%$7 may be conv5i5tly divid$ into ?ree gr\ps1 b ! division is a r\gh "o1 = ! gr\ps m]ge "o into ano!r2 ,ibs5's arti/ic developm5t has be5 gradual & cont9u\s4--#a4 ,hi/orical & ,leg5d>y ,dramas1 *iefly 9 ,prose3 ,! y\?ful 8,catil9a0 7writt5 9 #ahej1 b revis$ at a lat] p]iod71 :i* /&s by itself1 & conta9s ! g]m ( mu* ( 8 lat] "w2 8,fru ,+] til /raat0 7,dame ,+] ( /raat71 #ahee1 an effective melodramatic play ( great te*nical skill2 8,gildet paa ,solhaug0 7,! ,fea/ at ,solhaug71 an hi/orical play ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 writt5 9 #ahee1 & repr9t$ 9 #ahhc1 ) a preface expla9+ its g5esis2 8,hrmnd5e paa ,helgel&0 7,! ,w>riors at ,helgel&71 #aheh1 a noble v]sion ( ! ,volsunga-,saga1 "h br\ght d[n to m hi/orical times1 s z to pres5t a vivid & human picture ( ! ,vik+ p]iod2 8,kongs-emn]ne0 7,! ,pret5d]s71 #ahfd1 deal+ ) ,norwegian hi/ory 9 ! twelf? c5tury2 8,keis] og ,galiler0 7,emp]or & ,galilean71 f9i%$ 9 #ahgc1 b begun _m ye>s e>li]4 #b4 ,dramatic ,poems3 8,kjrligh$5s ,kom$ie0 7,love's ,com$y71 #ahfb2 8,br&10 #ahff2 8,pe] ,gynt10 #ahfg4 #c4 ,social ,dramas3 8,de ,unges ,=bund0 7,! ,"y ,m5's ,league71 #ahfi2 8,samfundets ,/tt]0 7,! ,pill>s ( ,society71 #ahgg2 8,et ,dukkehjem0 7,a ,doll's ,h\se71 #ahgi2 8,g5gang]e0 7,gho/s71 #ahha2 8,en ,folkefi5de0 7,an ,enemy ( ,society71 #ahhb2 8,vild&50 7,! ,wild ,duck71 #ahhd2 8,rosm]%olm10 #ahhf2 8,fru5 fra ,havet0 7,! ,lady f ! ,sea71 #ahhh4 8,hrmnd5e paa ,helgel&0 is ,ibs5's fir/ great drama2 x has1 inde$1 be5 call$ ! mo/ p]fect ( 8 plays4 ,! antique =m & sub/ance :i* he impos$ ^u himself compell$ him to a sev]e self-re/ra9t2 ! /yle also ( ! drama1 :i* is 9 prose1 is au/]ely simple & /rong4 ,yet !re is at ! same "t a curi\s & undisguis$ mod]n note ab\t ?is "w1 & we feel ?r\gh\t ! pres5ce ( t _s :i* gives life to ,ibs5's plays ( to-day4 ,! /rong1 passionate figure ( ,hjrdis fills mo/ ( ! field1 h[ev] f9ely ! less] figures are m\ld$4 ,%e is ! ,brunhild ( ! anci5t /ory1 yet %e is ! same woman :o is ! h]o9e & ! h]o ( all ,ibs5's social dramas2 a /rong & passionate woman1 in/9ct ) suppress$ en]gy to :i* ! natural outlets h be5 clos$1 & :i* is trans=m$ into volcanic outbreaks ( disa/]4 8,a woman1 a woman10 %e says to ,dagny1 :o is %ock$ at a rem>k ab\t us+ ! arm\r & weapons ( a man1 & mix+ among m51 8!re is no "o :o kn[s :at a woman c d40 ,h] fa!r hav+ be5 sla91 %e is br\ght z a "y girl into ! conqu]or's h\sehold4 ,%e f9ds a tempor>y satisfaction 9 ! ex]cise ( h] physical /r5g?4 ,:5 ! mild & hon\rable w>rior ,sigurd comes ) 8 feeble fri5d ,gunn>1 bo? fall 9 love ) h]1 & %e1 )\t speak+ x1 returns ,sigurd's love4 ,%e promises to give h]self to him :o c p]=m ! greate/ feat ( /r5g?1 & ,sigurd1 by a ruse1 w9s h] = 8 fri5d ,gunn>1 himself tak+ to wife ! g5tle ,dagny4 ,h5ce=? !re is some?+ /range & incalculable 9 all ! de$s ( ,hjrdis1 & a conc5trat$ bitt]ness 9 h] words4 ,:5 aft]w>ds %e le>ns t ,sigurd _h once lov$ h]1 ! pr\d & res]v$ woman (f]s 9 va9 to put on helmet & brea/plate & to foll[ him ?r\gh ! e>?4 8,i h be5 homeless 9 ! _w f ! day t y took ano!r to wife4 ,ill 0 t de$ ( y\rs4 ,all good gifts may a man give to 8 tro?ful fri5d1--all1 b n ! woman he holds de>4 ,:5 he does t de$1 he breaks ! ?read t ! ,norns h spun1 & wa/es two lives40 ,hjrdis is ! woman ( ! social dramas1 b x has n yet occurr$ to h] t %e has a life ( h] own4 8,emp]or & ,galilean10#aj al?\gh hi/orical & writt5 9 prose1 is v unlike 8,hrmnd5e paa ,helgel&02 x belongs1 inde$1 9 date z well z 9 "*1 almo/ z mu* to ! second gr\p4 ,x is made up ( two five-act dramas1 pres5t+ a s]ies ( brilliant & p[]ful sc5es 9 ! life ( ! ,emp]or ,julian1 lack+1 h[ev]1 dramatic unity & culm9at+ int]e/4 ,x is probable t ! disconnect$ "* ( ! "w1 & its undue l5g?1 is ow+ to ! long p]iod :i* int]v5$ betwe5 its comm5cem5t 9 ,norway & its completion at ,rome4 ,x is1 9 its p>ts1 und\bt$ly a fasc9at+ "w2 we trace ,julian's life f 8 y\? z a /ud5t ( philosophy to 8 dea? z ,emp]or conqu]$ by ! ,galilean4 ,! int]e/ ( 8 life lies 9 8 v>i\s relations to ! gr[+ ,*ri/ianity & decay+ ,paganism by :i* he is surr\nd$4 ,julian realizes ! possibility ( a ?ird religion--8! reconciliation betwe5 nature & _s1 ! return to nature ?r\gh _s3 t is ! task = humanity40 ,b he imag9es t he is himself ! div9e repres5tative ( ?is new religion4 ,8 fri5d ,maximus prophesies at ! end 8,! ?ird k+dom %all come6 ,! _s ( man %all take its inh]itance once m40 ,julian fail$ because he 0 weak & va91 & because ! age 0 aga9/ him2 he dies ) ! cry on 8 lips1 8,?\ ha/ conqu]$1 ,o ,galilean60 #aj ,x may be not$ t ?is 0 ! fir/ ( ,ibs5's dramas to be translat$ into ,engli%1 by ,miss ,ca!r9e ,ray1 9 #ahgf4 ,to ,mr4 ,gosse belongs ! hon\r ( hav+ fir/ introduc$ ,ibs5 to ,engli% read]s1 9 an article 9 ! 8,=tnightly10 9 #ahgd4 ,! fir/ ( 8 social dramas to be translat$ into ,engli% 0 8,! ,doll's ,h\se0 7"u ! title ( 8,nora071 by ,miss ,frances ,"l 9 #ahhb4 8,love's ,com$y10 ! e>lie/ ( ! poems ( ! second gr\p1 is ! fir/ "w 9 :i* ,ibs5's *>act]i/ic mod]n tone appe>s1 n aga9 to vani%4 ,x is a satire on ! v>i\s conv5tional phases ( love1 exquisite 9 =m b comp>atively slight 9 texture4 ,9 8,br&0 ,ibs5 produc$ a poem :i* = imag9ation & sombre en]gy /&s alone4 ,x is p]haps ! mo/ widely kn[n ( all 8 works2 9 ,g]many x has already f\nd f\r translators1 & !re is reason to hope t be=e long a translation w appe> 9 ,engl&4 8,br&0 is ! trag$y ( w & self-sacrifice 9 ! s]vice ( ! ideal--a n>r[ ideal1 b less n>r[1 ,ibs5 seems sometimes to h9t1 ?an ! ideals ( mo/ ( u4 ,! motto on :i* ,br& acts 9 all ! crises ( 8 life is1 8,all or no?+20 & ) him x means 9 e case ! cru%+ ( "s human emotion or relation%ip = ! fulfilm5t ( a religi\s duty4 ,soon aft] ! comm5cem5t ( ! poem ,br& became ! pa/or ( a gloomy little nor!rn valley1 betwe5 m\nta9s & glaci]s1 into :i* ! sun seldom p5etrates4 ,he is accompani$ by 8 wife ,agnes1 a pa!tic image ( love & devotion4 ,a *ild is born to !m1 b soon dies 9 ?is sun-=sak5 valley4 ,!re are few passages 9 lit]ature ( m p5etrat+ pa?os ?an ! sc5e 9 ! f\r? act 9 :i*1 "o ,*ri/mas eve1 ! fir/ anniv]s>y ( ! *ild's dea?1 ,br& p]suades ,agnes to give h] ,alf's clo!s--! la/ lov$ relics--to a begg>-woman :o comes to ! door ) h] *ild dur+ a sn[/orm4 ,soon ,agnes also dies4 ,9 ! end1 /on$ by 8 flock1 ,br& makes 8 way1 ble$+1 up into ! m\nta9s4 ,"h1 amid ! wild rocks & 8 own halluc9ations1 he is met by a mad girl :o mi/akes him = ! ?orn-cr[n$ ,*ri/4 ,?is sc5e1 9 :i*1 ov]:elm$ at la/ by an avalan*e1 ,br& dies amid 8 brok5 ideals1 atta9s an imag9ative height n else:]e rea*$ 9 mod]n lit]ature1 & = ! l ( :i* we h to look back to ! great sc5e on ! hea? 9 8,le>40 ,"h & else:]e1 h[ev]1 ,ibs5 br+s 9 sup]natural voices1 :i* sc>cely height5 ! natural gr&eur ( ! sc5e1 & :i* seem out ( place altoge!r 9 a poem s entirely mod]n4 8,br&0 br+s be=e u a weal? ( figures & ( discussions1 c>ri$ on 9 brief1 cle>1 musical1 ?\gh irregul>1 metrical =m1 & x w\ld be impossible to analyze s complex a "w )9 mod]ate compass4 8,pe] ,gynt10 is reg>d$ 9 8 own c\ntry z ,ibs5's mo/ important a*ievem5t1 = x is a great mod]n national epic1 ! ,sc&9avian 8,fau/40 ,a successful attempt has ev5 be5 made to repres5t x on ! /age1 ! incid5tal music be+ compos$ by ,grieg4 ,! "n ( its h]o & _m incid5ts 9 8 c>e] h _! home 9 old ,norwegian folk-lore1 & ,ibs5 has himself decl>$ t ,pe] ,gynt is int5d$ z ! repres5tative ( ! ,norwegian p4 ,pe] is ! *ild ( imag9ation :o lives 9 a _w 9 :i* fantasy & reality c sc>cely be di/+ui%$4 ,he is an egoi/ ) colossal ambitions2 at ! same "t he is by no means want+ 9 worldly wisdom2 he goes to ,am]ica1 & makes a l>ge =tune 7lat] on sudd5ly lo/7 by ! importation ( slaves & ! exportation ( idols to ,*9a1 a trade :i* he reconciles to 8 consci5ce by op5+ up ano!r bran* ( bus9ess = supply+ mission>ies 7at a consid]able pr(it7 ) ,bibles & rum4 ,! :ole is a s]ies ( sc5es & adv5tures1 (t5 fanta/ic or symbolic 9 "*1 always t\*$ by t pr(\nd irony :i* is ,ibs5's mo/ m>k$ feature4 ,"o sc5e is s orig9al & p5etrative t x /&s alone 9 lit]ature4 ,x is t sc5e ( peculi>ly ,norwegian ess5ce 9 :i* ,pe] ,gynt ent]s ! hut 9 :i* 8 "m lies dy+1 ) ! fire on ! he>? & ! old tom-cat on a /ool at ! bottom ( ! b$4 ,he talks to h] 9 ! tone ( ! days ( *ildhood1 rem9d+ h] h[ !y us$ to play at driv+ to ! fairy-tale ca/le ( ,soria ,moria4 ,he sits at ! foot ( ! b$1 ?r[s a /r+ r\nd ! /ool on :i* ! cat lies1 takes a /ick 9 8 h&1 imag9es a j\rney to ,heav5--! alt]cation ) ,/4 ,pet] at ! gate1 ! deep bass voice ( ,god decl>+ t ,"m ,aase %all ent] free--& lulls h] to dea? ) ! /ories ) :i* %e _h once lull$ him to sleep4 ,at a mu* lat] date 9 8 c>e] ,pe] f9ds himself 9 a madh\se at ,cairo1 :]e he is assur$ t 8 own guid+ pr9ciple ( ! self-suffici5cy ( ! individual1 )\t reg>d = ! actions or op9ions ( o!rs1 is c>ri$ out to its extreme limits4 ,he is "h acclaim$ z emp]or & cr[n$ ) a g>l& ( /raw4 ,?us are 8 dreams ( p[] fulfill$4 ,9 ! end he returns1 a :ite-hair$ old man1 to be eag]ly welcom$ by ! fai?ful ,solveig1 :om1 z a girl1 he _h =sak51 & :o is n[ an old woman1 /ill wait+ = him ) ! k+dom ( love t he _h miss$4 ,! poem ends ) ! picture ( ,solveig s++ ov] h] lov] a cradle-song ( dea?4 ,! failure ( an ov]-ma/]+ imag9ation & weak w to atta9 ! love t alone satisfies1 t is ! la/ lesson ( ?is m>vell\s "w1 s full ( manifold mean+4 ,x is c]ta9ly by ! ?ird & late/ gr\p--! ,social ,dramas--t ,ibs5 has attract$ mo/ att5tion bo? 9 8 own c\ntry & abroad4 ,!y are all writt5 9 mature life1 & he has "h devot$ 8 e>ly acquir$ ma/]y ( ! te*nical requirem5ts ( ! drama1 z well z ! lat] acquir$ exp]i5ces ( m51 to a ke5 criticism ( ! social life ( to-day4 ,he himself1 x is said1 reg>ds ^! plays z 8 *ief title to remembrance4 ,x is sc>cely possible to say s mu* z ?is :5 we ?9k ( 8,hrmnd5e paa ,helgel&10 ( 8,br&10 & ( 8,pe] ,gynt40 ,b x c]ta9ly does n befit u ( to-day to compla9 t ,ibs5 has devot$ 8 mo/ mature art to "w :i* has a significance :i* to-day at all ev5ts _c be ov]-e/imat$4 ,t significance may be v easily set =?2 ! _s t works ?r\gh ,ibs5's late/ dramas is ! same t may be detect$ 9 8 e>lie/1 8,catil9a20 x is an eag] insi/ance t ! social environm5t %all n cramp ! reasonable fre$om ( ! individual1 toge!r ) a passionately int5se hatr$ ( all ^? conv5tional lies :i* are commonly reg>d$ z 8! pill>s ( society40 ,b ?is impulse t und]lies ne>ly all ,ibs5's dramas ( ! la/ gr\p is always "u ! control ( a great dramatic arti/4 ,! dialogue is brief & incisive2 e ^w tells1 & none is sup]flu\s2 !re is no brilliant play ( dialogue = its own sake4 8,! illusion ,i wi% to produce10 he has himself said1 8is t ( tru? itself1 ,i want to produce ^u ! read] ! impression t :at he is read+ is actually tak+ place be=e him40 ,9 ! h&s ( a mean] arti/ su* an attempt w\ld be fatal2 to ,ibs5 x has br\ght great] /r5g?4 ,if !re is fault to f9d 9 ! con/ruction ( ,ibs5's prose dramas1 x lies 9 _! ri*ness ( mat]ial2 ! subsidi>y episodes are frequ5tly dramas 9 !mselves1 al?\gh duly subord9ate to ! ma9 purpose ( ! play4 ,! c>e lavi%$ on ! developm5t & episodes ( ^! dramas is equall$ by ! reality & v>iety ( ! p]sons pres5t$4 ,^! are nev] m]e embodi$ 8hum\rs0 or s>ca/ic c>icatures2 ! t]rible ke5ness ( ,ibs5's irony comes ( ! simple tru? & mod]ation ) :i* he describes ^! social humbugs :o are yet s em95tly reasonable & l ourselves4 ,e figure br\ght be=e u1 ev5 ! mo/ insignificant1 is an organic & complex p]sonality1 to be recogniz$ )\t trick or cat*word4 8,! ,"y ,m5's ,league10 ! e>lie/ ( ! s]ies1 deals ) ! rise & progress ( "o ,/5sga>d4 ,he is a man ^: "* is ess5tially vulg> & commonplace1 b :o is und\bt$ly clev]1 & ^: ambition x is to ga9 political success4 ,at ! same "t he is %ort-sight$1 conceit$1 absolutely want+ 9 tact4 ,he is ev5 un/able1 save 9 ! great c5tral aim ( 8 life1 :i* he seeks to br+ ab\t by ! =mation ( a compact majority ( vot]s1 ( :i* ! nucleus is ! ,"y ,m5's ,league4 ,/5sga>d is always at 8 be/ z an orator2 he is a ,numa ,r\me/an1 g5ial1 almo/ *ildi%ly op5-he>t$1 ) a fl[ ( facile emotion & a great ma/]y ( phrases4 ,we leave him "u a cl\d ( contempt b n[ise defeat$2 & we are giv5 to und]/& t he is on 8 way to ! highe/ (fices ( /ate4 ,9 ?is vivid & skilful portrait ( ! repres5tative lead] ( semi-democratiz$ societies1 ,ibs5 has giv5 8 *ief utt]ance on curr5t political me?ods4 ,x is sc>cely fav\rable4 ,he realizes t gov]nm5t by p>ty mobs1 ea* head$ by a ,/5sga>d--a phase 9 ! progress t[>ds complete democratization illu/rat$ 9 ,engl& to-day--is by no means altoge!r satisfactory4 8,a p>ty10 rem>ks ,dr4 ,/ockmann1 9 8,an ,enemy ( ,society10 8is l a sausage-ma*9e3 x gr9ds all ! heads toge!r 9 "o ma%40 ,some?+ m fundam5tal ev5 ?an p>ty gov]nm5t is ne$$1 & 9 "s words writt5 9 #ahgj ,ibs5 has briefly express$ :at he conceives to be ! pi? ( ! matt]3-- 8,! com+ "t--h[ all our notions w fall into ! du/ !n6 ,& truly x is high "t4 ,all t we h liv$ on up till n[ has be5 ! remnants ( ! revolution>y di%es ( ! la/ c5tury1 & we h be5 long en\gh *ew+ ^! ov] & ov] aga94 ,our ideas dem& a new sub/ance & a new int]pretation4 ,lib]ty1 equality1 & frat]nity are no long] ! same ?+s t !y 7 9 ! days ( ! bless$ guillot9e2 b x is j ?is t ! politicians w n und]/&1 & t is :y ,i hate !m4 ,^! p only desire p>tial revolutions1 revolutions 9 ext]nals1 9 politics4 ,b ^! are m]e trifles4 ,!re is only "o ?+ t avails--to revolutionize p's m9ds40 ,he is n an ari/ocrat ( ! s*ool ( ,c>lyle1 eag] to put ev]y?+ b5ea? ! foot ( a ,cromwell or a ,bism>ck4 ,! great task = democracy is1 z ,rosm] says 9 8,rosm]%olm10 8to make e man 9 ! l& a nobleman40 8,! ,/ate mu/ g60 ,ibs5 wrote to ,g4 ,br&es 9 #ahgj4 8,t w be a revolution :i* w f9d me on its side4 ,und]m9e ! idea ( ! ,/ate1 set up 9 its place spontane\s action1 & ! idea t spiritual relation%ip is ! only ?+ t makes = unity1 & y w />t ! elem5ts ( a lib]ty :i* w be some?+ wor? possess+40 ,x is only by ! creation ( great m5 & wom51 by ! enl>gem5t to ! utmo/ ( ! reasonable fre$om ( ! individual1 t ! realization ( ,democracy is possible4 ,& h]e91 z 9 o!r fundam5tal matt]s1 ,ibs5 is at "o ) ! ,am]ican1 ) :om he w\ld appe> at fir/ sight to h little 9 common4 8,:]e ! m5 & wom5 ?9k lightly ( ! laws2 444 :]e ! populace rise at once aga9/ ! nev]-end+ audacity ( elect$ p]sons2 444 :]e outside au?ority ent]s always aft] ! prec$5ce ( inside au?ority2 :]e ! citiz5 is always ! head & ideal2 :]e *ildr5 are taught to be laws to !mselves2 444 !re ! great city /&s60 exclaims ,walt ,:itman4 ,9 8,! ,pill>s ( ,society0--:i* 0 sep>at$ f 8,! ,"y ,m5's ,league0 by ! appe>ance ( 8,emp]or & ,galilean0--,ibs5 p\rs delici\s irony on ^? conv5tional lies :i* are reg>d$ z ! f\ndations ( social & dome/ic life4 ,"h also he pres5ts u ) "o ( ! mo/ em95t ( ! gr\p ( 8gov]nors1 tea*]s1 spiritual pa/ors & ma/]s0 t ?r\gh\t ^! plays /rive to act z ! pill>s ( ! social sy/em4 ,/raam& 9 8,love's ,com$y10 ,m&]s 9 8,gho/s10 ! s*oolma/]1 ,rrlund1 "h1 ) _m m9or figures scatt]$ ?r\gh o!r plays1 not)/&+ slight diff]5ces1 are closely alli$4 ,! cl]gyman is = ,ibs5 ! supreme repres5tative & expon5t ( conv5tional morality4 ,yet ! dramati/ nev] falls into ! mi/ake ( "s ( 8 ,sc&9avian contempor>ies :o make _! cl]ical figures m]e c>icatures4 ,"h1 z always1 x is because x is s reasonable & tru?ful t ,ibs5's irony is s ke54 ,rrlund is hone/ & consci5ti\s1 b ! ?9ne/ veils ( propriety are imp5etrable to him2 he c see no?+ b ! obvi\s & ext]nal aspects ( morality2 he is incapable ( grasp+ a new idea1 or ( sympa?iz+ ) any natural in/9ct or g5]\s emotion2 x is 8 "p to give utt]ance1 impressive ) ! sanction ( religion1 to ! traditional maxims ( ! society he morally supports4 ,pa/or ,m&]s1 9 8,gho/s10 is less flu5t ?an ,rrlund1 & ( /rong] "*4 ,8 tra9+ & exp]i5ce h fitt$ him to deal 9 all dignity ) ! proprieties & conv5tions ( social morality2 b :5 he is 9 ! pres5ce ( ! realities ( life1 or :5 a g5]\s human ?\ght or emotion fla%es out be=e him1 he %r9ks back1 %ock$ & c[$4 ,he is !n1 z ,mrs4 ,alv+ says1 no?+ b a great *ild4 ,t ,ibs5 is1 9 8 cl]ical p]sonages1 z "s h said1 cov]tly attack+ ,prote/antism1 x is n necess>y to ass]t4 ,x is ! traditional morality1 ( :i* ! prie/hood ev]y:]e are ! *ief & au?oriz$ expon5ts1 ) :i* he is *iefly conc]n$4 ,8 attitude t[>ds ,*ri/ianity g5]ally we may p]haps ga!r f ! int5sity ( feel+ ) :i* ,julian1 9 8,emp]or & ,galilean10 expresses 8 passionate repugnance to its doctr9e ( ! evil ( human nature & its policy ( suppression4 8,y c nev] und]/& x1 y10 he cont9ues1 8:o h nev] be5 9 ! p[] ( ?is ,god-,man4 ,x is m ?an a doctr9e :i* he has spread ov] ! _w2 x is a *>m :i* has fett]$ ! s5ses4 ,:oev] falls once into 8 h&s--,i ?9k he nev] becomes free aga94 ,we are l v9es plant$ 9 a =eign soil2 plant u back aga9 & we %\ld p]i%2 yet we langui% 9 ?is new e>?40 8,a ,doll's ,h\se0 conta9s ,ibs5's mo/ elaborate portrait ( a woman1 & x is 8 *ief contribution to ! elucidation ( ! que/ions relat+ to ! social functions & position ( wom5 9 ! mod]n _w4 ,x is ! trag$y ( m>riage1 & on ?is gr\nd x has excit$ mu* discussion1 & is p]haps ! mo/ widely kn[n ( ,ibs5's social dramas4 ,z a "w ( art x is probably ! mo/ p]fect ( !m4 ,he has "h ?r[n (f ! la/ fragm5ts ( t conv5tionality 9 treatm5t :i* frequ5tly m>s ! two previ\s plays1 & has rea*$ ! full developm5t ( 8 own /yle4 ,! play is an organic :ole1 all its p>ts are intimately b\nd toge!r1 & e /ep 9 ! developm5t is vital & inevitable4 ,nora h]self1 ! occupant ( ! doll's h\se1 is a be+ ^: adult in/9cts h be5 tempor>ily arre/$ by ! influ5ces :i* h made h] an ov]gr[n *ild4 ,%e is ! daught] ( a frivol\s (ficial ( d\btful hone/y2 %e has be5 f$ on ^? maxims ( conv5tional morality ( :i* ,rrlund is s able an expon5t2 & h] *ief recreation has be5 9 ! s]vants' room4 ,%e is n[ a "m1 & ! wife ( a man :o %ields h] c>efully f all contact ) ! _w4 ,he refra9s f %>+ ) h] 8 "w or 8 tr\bles2 he fo/]s all h] *ildi% in/9cts2 %e is a s\rce ( enjoym5t to him1 a preci\s toy4 ,he is a man ( /hetic ta/es1 & 8 love = h] has some?+ ( ! delight t "o takes 9 a "w ( art4 ,nora's conduct is ! natural outcome ( h] tra9+ & exp]i5ce4 ,%e tells lies ) facility2 %e flirts almo/ recklessly to atta9 h] own ends2 :5 money is conc]n$ h] conceptions ( "r are s elem5t>y t %e =ges h] fa!r's "n4 ,b %e acts f ! impulses ( a lov+ he>t2 h] motives are always good2 %e is n consci\s ( guilt4 ,h] education 9 life has n l$ h] beyond ! /age ( ! affectionate *ild ) no s5se ( responsibility4 ,b ! high] in/9cts are lat5t )9 h]2 & !y awake :5 ! light ( day at l5g? p5etrates h] doll's h\se1 & %e le>ns ! judgm5t ( ! _w1 ( :i* h] husb& n[ /&s =? z ! /]n int]pret]4 ,9 ! cla% & %ock ( t mom5t %e realizes t h] m>riage has be5 no m>riage1 t %e has be5 liv+ all ^! ye>s ) a 8/range man10 & t %e is no fit "m = h] *ildr54 ,%e leaves h] home1 n to return until1 z %e says1 to live ) h] husb& w be a real m>riage4 ,w %e ev] return8--,! ,norwegian poets1 x has be5 said1 l to end _! dramas1 z su* end 9 life1 ) a note ( int]rogation4 ,nora is "o ( a gr\p ( wom51 m or less highly develop$1 :o are di/ribut$ ?r\gh\t ,ibs5's lat] plays4 ,!y /&1 9 _! /agnant conv5tional environm5t1 z1 ei!r in/9ctively or intellig5tly1 actually or pot5tially1 ! repres5tatives ( fre$om & tru?2 !y conta9 ! promise ( a new social ord]4 ,! m5 9 ^! plays1 :o are able to e/imate _! social surr\nd+s at a j value1 h mo/ly be5 w\nd$ or p>alyz$ 9 ! battle ( life2 !y /& by1 half-cynical1 & are cont5t to be m]ely spectators4 ,b ! wom5--,selma1 ,lona1 ,nora1 ,mrs4 ,alv+1 ,rebecca--are full ( unconqu]able en]gy4 ,!re is a new life 9 _! brea/s t surges1 (t5 tumultu\sly1 into v practical expression4 ,z 8,! ,doll's ,h\se0 is ! trag$y ( m>riage1 s 8,gho/s0 is ! trag$y ( h]$ity4 ,?is wond]ful play is ! logical outcome & cont9uation ( 8,! ,doll's ,h\se40 ,mrs4 ,alv+ is a ,nora :o _h resolv$ to cl+ to h] husb& 9 spite ( all1 & "h is ! result4 ,%e is a woman ( en]gy & intellect1 :o has manag$ ! e/ate1 & devot$ h]self successfully to ! task ( creat+ an artificial od\r ( sanctity ar\nd ! memory ( h] late husb&4 ,at ! same "t %e has be5 gradually ?r[+ aside ! precepts ( ! morality 9 :i* %e has be5 educat$1 & has le>n$ to ?9k = h]self4 ,:5 h] son ,oswald returns home1 9 reality dy+ ( disease t has be5 lat5t f 8 bir?1 he seems to h] ! gho/ ( 8 fa!r4 ,8 own life has be5 free f excess1 b he n[ dr9ks too mu*2 & he beg9s to make love to ! girl :o is really 8 half-si/]1 exactly z 8 fa!r _h done to h] "m 9 ! same place4 ,! sc5e f9ally closes ov] ! fir/ cle> signs ( 8 madness4 ,! irony ( ! play is *iefly br\ght ab\t by ! involunt>y ag5cy ( ,pa/or ,m&]s1 ! consummate fl[] ( conv5tional morality1 & 9 ! few h\rs :i* ! action cov]s ! trag$y ( h]$ity is sl[ly & rel5tlessly unfold$1 ) ! vanity ( all ef=ts to conceal or suppress ! great natural =ces ( life4 ,9 8,gho/s10 x seems to me1 ,ibs5 rea*$ ! highe/ po9t ( 8 art4 ,he deals "h ) commonplace *>act]s & ev]yday sc5es2 mo/ ( ! action is convey$ 9 m]e draw+-room dialogue2 b we feel h[ ! cle>ness & complet5ess ( ?is play1 its tragic int5sity1 its imm5se conc5tration1 h at ! back ! :ole ( ,ibs5's v>i\s a*ievem5t4 ,:5 we rea* ! end we exp]i5ce t prolong$ %udd] ( horror1 9 :i*1 z ,ari/otle said1 ! purification ( trag$y lies1 & we involunt>ily recall :atev] is mo/ awful 9 lit]ature1 ! 8,ore/eia0 ( s*ylus1 ,%akespe>e's 8,macbe?10 ,%elley's 8,c5ci40 ,x is only on m intimate acqua9tance t we are able to look beyond ! horror ( x1 & t we realize "h1 bett] ?an else:]e1 h[ ,ibs5 has absorb$ ! sci5tific influ5ces ( 8 "t1 ! attitude ( unlimit$ simplicity & tru/ 9 ! face ( reality4 8,i almo/ ?9k10 ,mrs4 ,alv+ says1 8t we are all ( u gho/s1 ,pa/or ,m&]s4 ,x is n only :at we h inh]it$ f our fa!r & "m t #8walks' 9 u1--x is all sorts ( dead ideas & lifeless old beliefs & s =?4 ,!y h no vitality1 b !y cl+ to u all ! same1 & we c't get rid ( !m4 ,:5ev] ,i take up a newspap] ,i seem to see gho/s glid+ betwe5 ! l9es4 ,!re mu/ be gho/s all ! c\ntry ov]1 z ?ick z ! s& ( ! sea40 ,!re is ! absolute acceptance ( facts1 h[ev] disagreeable4 ,b1 beside x1 is ! hope t lies 9 ! skilful prob+ ( ! w\nd t ! ignorant h fooli%ly smo!r$ up2 ! hope also t lies 9 a glad tru/ ( nature & ( natural in/9cts4 ,n[h]e else 9 ,ibs5's "w c we feel s /rong & invigorat+ a brea? ( new life4 8,an ,enemy ( ,society0 is closely connect$ 9 its orig9 ) 8,gho/s40 ,:5 8,gho/s0 0 publi%$ x ar\s$ fi]ce antagonism4 ,su* a subject 0 n suit$1 x 0 said1 to arti/ic treatm5t4 ,! discussion 0 fooli% en\gh2 ! wise say+ ( ,goe! /ill rema9s true1 t 8no real circum/ance is unpoetic s long z ! poet kn[s h[ to use x40 ,all ! wor?y p1 h[ev]1 9 ^: "n ,pa/or ,m&]s is entitl$ to speak1 decl>$1 fur!r1 t ! play 0 immoral--z x c]ta9ly is f _! po9t ( view--& x 0 "s "t be=e its fir/ repres5tation on ! /age1 ) ! di/+ui%$ nor!rn actor1 ,l9db]g1 9 ! "p ( ,oswald4 ,ibs5 _h expect$ a /orm1 b ! /orm 0 ev5 great] ?an he _h anticipat$2 & 9 ! hi/ory ( ,dr4 ,/ockmann he has giv5 an arti/ic v]sion ( 8 own exp]i5ces at ?is "t4 ,x is pleasant t ! only figure 9 ^! plays t we c intimately associate ) ,ibs5 himself is t ( ! manly & g5ial ,/ockmann4 ,:5 he discov]s t ! wat] at ! ,ba?s1 ( :i* he is ! m$ical director1 & :i* are ! *ief cause ( ! t[n's prosp]ity1 are infect$ & produc+ disa/r\s results to ! invalids1 he resolves t ! matt] %all at once be made kn[n & rem$i$4 ,x is 9 ! %ock ( ! univ]sal disapprobation t ?is resolution ar\ses t our g5ial & homely doctor is lift$ into h]oism1 & becomes ! m\?piece ( tru?s ) f>-rea*+ significance4 ,! great sc5e 9 ! f\r? act1 9 :i* he calls a public meet+ z ! only rema9+ way to make 8 discov]y public1 &1 amid g5]al clam\r1 sets =? 8 op9ions1 is "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful & g5u9ely dramatic t ,ibs5 has ev] writt54 8,! ,wild ,duck0 is1 z a drama1 ! lea/ rem>kable ( ,ibs5's plays ( ?is gr\p4 ,!re is no c5tral p]sonage :o absorbs our att5tion1 & no great situation4 ,= ! fir/ "t also we detect a c]ta9 t5d5cy to mann]ism1 & ! dramati/'s love ( symbolism1 "h c5tr$ 9 ! wild duck1 becomes obtrusive & di/urb+4 ,yet ?is play has a di/9ct & peculi> int]e/ = ! /ud5t ( ,ibs5's works4 ,! satiri/ :o has s ke5ly pursu$ o!rs has nev] sp>$ himself2 9 ! l9es t he has set at ! end ( ! *>m+ little volume 9 :i* he has collect$ 8 poems1 he decl>es t1 8to write poetry is to hold a doomsday ov] oneself40 ,or1 z he has else:]e express$ x3 8,all t ,i h writt5 corresponds to some?+ t ,i h liv$ ?r\gh1 if n actually exp]i5c$4 ,e new poem has s]v$ z a spiritual process ( emancipation & purification40 ,9 bo? 8,br&0 & 8,pe] ,gynt0 we may detect ?is process4 ,9 8,! ,wild ,duck0 ,ibs5 has set himself on ! side ( 8 enemies1 & writt51 z a k9d ( anti-mask to 8,! ,doll's ,h\se0 & 8,! ,pill>s ( ,society10 a play 9 :i*1 f ! /&po9t to :i* ! dramati/ has accu/om$ u1 ev]y?+ is topsy-turvy4 ,greg]s ,w]le is a "y man1 possess+ some?+ ( ! reckless w-p[] ( ,br&1 :o is devot$ to ! claims ( ! ideal1 & :o is d\btless an en?usia/ic /ud5t ( ,ibs5's social dramas4 ,on return+ home aft] a long abs5ce he le>ns t 8 fa!r has provid$ = a ca/-(f mi/ress by m>ry+ h] to an unsuspect+ man :o is an old fri5d ( ,greg]s'4 ,he resolves at once t x is 8 duty at all co/s to de/roy ! elem5t ( falsehood 9 ?is h\sehold1 & to lay ! f\ndations ( a true m>riage4 ,8 int]f]5ce ends 9 disa/]2 ! weak av]age human be+ fails to respond prop]ly to 8! claims ( ! ideal20 :ile ,w]le's fa!r1 ! *ief pill> ( conv5tional society 9 ! play1 spontane\sly =ms a true m>riage1 f\nd$ on mutual confessions & mutual tru/4 ,if ! play may be reg>d$1 n q unfairly1 z a burlesque ( possible d$uctions f ! e>li] plays1 x witnesses also1 l 8,gho/s10 to ,ibs5's pr(\nd conviction t all vital developm5t mu/ be spontane\s & f )91 condition$ by ! nature ( ! individual4 ,9 8,! ,wild ,duck0 ,ibs5 approa*es 9 8 own mann]1 )\t1 h[ev]1 mu* insi/5ce1 ! mural aspects ( ! equality ( ! sexes4 ,is a woman1 :o has _h no relation%ips ) a man be=e m>riage1 entitl$ to expect ! same 9 h] husb&8 ,is a man1 :o has _h relation%ips ) o!r wom5 be=e m>riage1 entitl$ to compla9 if 8 wife has also _h su* relation%ips8 ,^! are ! sort ( que/ions :i* ! ,sc&9avian & ,dani% dramati/s--,bjrnson1 ,edu>d ,br&es1 ,*>lotte ,edgr51 ,b5zon--seem nev] tir$ ( discuss+4 ,edu>d ,br&es makes 8 admirable little drama 8,et ,besg10 publi%$ ab\t ! same "t z 8,vild&510 hang on ?is problem1 & al?\gh he br+s no new idea into ! play1 he settles ! "q 9 ! same _s z 8 great fell[-dramati/4 8,en ,hanske10 also publi%$ ab\t ! same "t1 gives u ,bjrnson's contribution to ! "q4 ,9 ?is play a "y woman is 9 love ) a "y man :o1 z %e le>ns accid5tally at ! mom5t ( =mally engag+ h]self to him1 has _h previ\s relation%ips ) o!r wom54 ,at ! same "t %e discov]s t h] own fa!r1 an amiable old lgant1 has be5 frequ5tly unfai?ful to 8 wife1 & t h] "m /ill c>ries ab\t a suppress$ bitt]ness4 ,! girl realizes t life is n l :at %e has be5 br\ght up to believe2 %e rejects h] lov]1 & aft] "s unexpect$ & q unnecess>y brutalities f him1 fl+s h] glove 9 8 face4 ,all ,bjrnson's g5ial vivacity & emotional expansiv5ess come out 9 ! e>li] sc5es ( ?is play1 & !re is "s pleasant com$y1 especially :5 ! easy-go+ fa!r tries to lecture 8 daught]1 to ! accompanim5t ( h] acute comm5ts & ! wife's s>ca/ic exclamations1 on a wife's privileges4 8,"h10 he says1 8is woman's noble/ call+40 8,z :at80 asks ! daught]4 8,z :at8--,h y n li/5$8 ,z--z ! ennobl+ influ5ce 9 m>riage1 z t :i* makes man pur]1 z1 z----0 8,soap80 8,soap8 :at on e>? makes y ?9k ( soap80 8,y make out t m>riage is a great laundry = m54 ,we girls are to /& ready1 ea* at h] wa%-tub1 ) h] piece ( soap4 ,is t h[ y mean x80 ,on ?is gr\nd1 h[ev]1 x is difficult to avoid comp>isons ) ,ibs51 & we miss "h bo? ! arti/ic & moral grip ( ! great] dramati/4 ,ibs5's solution ( ! matt] 9 8,! ,wild ,duck0 seems to be t !re c be no true m>riage )\t mutual k & mutual confession4 ,9 8,rosm]%olm10 social que/ions h pass$ into ! backgr\nd3 !y are pres5t1 inde$1 ?r\gh\t2 & to "s ext5t !y cause ! trag$y ( ! drama1 z ! numb]less ?reads t b9d a man to 8 pa/1 & t cut & oppress him :5 he /rives to take a /ep =w>d4 ,b on ?is grey backgr\nd ! passionate figure ( ,rebecca ,we/ =ms a vivid & highly-wr\ght portrait4 ,ibs5 has r>ely %[n su* intimate int]e/ 9 ! developm5t ( passion4 ,! :ole life & s\l ( ?is ard5t1 sil5t woman1 :om we see 9 ! fir/ sc5e quietly work+ at h] cro*et1 :ile ! h\sekeep] prep>es ! supp]1 are gradually reveal$ to u 9 brief fla%es ( light betwe5 ! subsidi>y episodes1 until at la/ %e asc5ds & disappe>s d[n ! inevitable pa? to ! mill /ream4 ,! t\*es :i* complete ?is picture are too _m & too subtle to all[ ( analysis2 9 ! la/ sc5e ,ibs5's conc5trat$ prose rea*es z high a pit* ( emotional int5sity z he has ev] c>$ to atta94 8,! ,lady f ! ,sea0 seems to c>ry u into an atmosph]e r diff]5t f t ( ! e>ly social dramas4 ,an elem5t ( melodrama m+les "h ) ! social int]e/1 & makes ?is play "o ( ! lea/ *>act]i/ic1 b c]ta9ly "o ( ! mo/ dramatically effective ( ! gr\p4 ,ellida1 a morbid1 romantic "y woman1 ^: "m di$ insane1 has met be=e h] m>riage ! second mate ( an ,am]ican %ip1 a 8/rang]20 he attracts h] ) all ! *>m ( ! wild life ( ! sea & ! fasc9ation ( ! unkn[n4 ,hav+ p]petrat$ a m or less ju/ifiable homicide1 ! second mate is compell$ to flee1 n be=e he has gone ?r\gh a =m ( betro?al ) ,ellida4 ,subsequ5tly %e m>ries a well-mean+1 commonplace wid[]1 b %e w&]s helplessly & uselessly ?r\gh life1 l a m]maid among ! *ildr5 ( m51 /ill held1 9 spite ( h]self1 by ! old fasc9ation ( ! sea4 ,at l5g? ! my/]i\s 8/rang]0 turns up aga91 resolv$1 if %e wi%es1 to c>ry h] (f 9 spite ( ev]y?+4 ,%e feels t %e mu/ be free--free to g or free to /ay4 ,! husb&1 naturally1 refuses to he> ( ?is1 proposes to s5d ! man ab\t 8 bus9ess4 ,at l5g? he cons5ts to all[ h] to *oose z %e w4 ,!n at once %e feels able to decide aga9/ ! 8/rang]10 :o leaps ov] ! wall & disappe>s4 ,! *>m is brok5 = ev]1 & %e has ! *ance to make some?+ ( h] life4 ,! moral is evid5t3 )\t fre$om ( *oice !re c be no real emancipation or developm5t4 ,! m5 ( our own great dramatic p]iod wrote plays :i* are ! expression ( m]e gladness ( he>t & *ildlike pleasure 9 ! spl5did & v>i\s spectacle ( ! _w4 ,hamlet & ,fal/aff1 ! tragic ,de ,flores & ! comic ,simon ,eyre1 !y are all m]ely p>ts ( ! play4 ,x is all play4 ,! brea? ( ,ario/o's long song ( delight & ,boccaccio's virile joy 9 life 0 /ill on ^! m51 & = ! organization ( society1 or ev5 = ! developm5t & fate ( ! individual save z a spectacle1 !y took little ?\ght4 ,9 ! mod]n _w ?is is no long] possible2 r1 x is only possible = an occasional individual :o is compell$ to turn 8 back on ! _w4 ,ibs51 l ,ari/ophanes1 l ,molire1 & l ,dumas to-day1 has giv5 all 8 mature art & 8 k ( life & m5 to ! s]vice ( ideas4 8,ov]?r[+ society means an inv]t$ pyramid gett+ /raight0--"o ( ! audaci\s say+s ( ,james ,h9ton--might be plac$ z a motto on ! title-page ( all ,ibs5's lat] plays4 ,8 "w ?r\gh\t is ! expression ( a great s\l cru%$ by ! weight ( an antagoni/ic social environm5t into utt]ance t has caus$ him to be reg>d$ z ! mo/ revolution>y ( mod]n writ]s4 ,an arti/ & ?9k]1 ^: gigantic /r5g? has be5 n\ri%$ *iefly 9 solitude1 ^: works h be51 z he himself says 9 "o ( 8 poems1 8de$s ( night10 writt5 f af>1 c nev] be g5u9ely popul>4 ,ev]y?+ t he writes is receiv$ 9 8 own c\ntry ) att5tion & controv]sy2 b he is mi/ak5 = a cynic & pessimi/2 he is n lov$ 9 ,norway z ,bjrnson is lov$1 al?\gh ,bjrnson1 9 ! fruitful dramatic activity ( 8 second p]iod1 has b foll[$ 9 ,ibs5's /eps2--j z ,goe! 0 nev] s well und]/ood & appreciat$ z ,s*ill]4 ,bjrnson1 ) 8 g5ial exub]ance1 8 popul> sympa?ies & hopes1 nev] too f> 9 advance ( 8 fell[s1 invigorates & refre%es l "o ( ! =ces ( nature4 ,he repres5ts ! summ] side ( 8 c\ntry1 9 its bright w>m? & fragrance4 ,ibs51 /&+ alone 9 ! d>kness 9 front1 absorb$ 9 ! problems ( human life1 indiff]5t to ! aspects ( ext]nal nature1 has clos] aff9ities to ! /]n w9t]-night ( ,norway4 ,b !re is a mighty en]gy 9 ?is man's "w4 ,! ideas & in/9cts1 develop$ 9 sil5ce1 :i* inspire 8 art1 are ( ! k9d t p5etrate m5's m9ds sl[ly4 ,yet !y p5etrate surely1 & are proclaim$ at l5g? 9 ! m>ket-place4 ,,tol/oi4 ,i4 ,russia is ! natural m$iator betwe5 ,europe & ,asia4 ,x happ5s ) ! regul>ity ( an e?nic law t e race p>takes ( ! *>act]i/ics ( neighb\r+ races4 ,! ext9ct ,tasmanian1 by 8 curi\s ab]rations f ! ,au/ralian type & approximation to t ( ,polynesia1 furni%$ an unexpect$ an?ropological problem t is /ill unsolv$4 ,ev]y:]e ! same my/]i\s bl5d+ or transition may be witness$4 ,ap>t f complexion1 x has be5 said1 _m a ,russian peasant might pass 9 ,lahore or ,b5>es z a native ( ! ,ganges valley4 ,:atev] ! e?nologi/ may say1 "o way or ano!r1 z to ! racial elem5ts ( ! c\ntry1 anyone :o approa*es ! /udy ( ,russian m5 & ,russian ?+s p]petually meets ) traits t are n famili> to him z ,european1 b :i* he may h already le>nt to "k z ,asiatic4 ,nor is x only 9 ! little traits ( "* & daily life t ^! ,ea/]n influ5ces appe>2 ! language itself has close ,ori5tal aff9ities1 & ! old ,sclavonic is ne>ly relat$ to ,sanscrit4 ,9 try+ to make ,russia pla9 to ourselves1 x is con/antly necess>y to s\nd ?is keynote4 ,a nation's in/9cts are reveal$ 9 its art4 ,! complex hi/ory ( ! orig9 & developm5t ( ,russian art is full ( int]e/4 8,russia10 z ,viollet le ,duc wrote 9 8 *>m+ book1 8,l',art russe10 8has be5 a laboratory 9 :i* ! arts com+ f all p>ts ( ,asia h unit$ to assume an int]m$iate =m betwe5 ! ea/]n & we/]n worlds40 ,! art ( ,russia has ?ree great s\rces1 ! ,scy?ian1 ! ,byzant9e1 & ! ,mongolian1 b :5 ^! are analyz$ x is f\nd t ea* ( !m consi/s l>gely1 :5 n entirely1 ( ,ori5tal elem5ts4 ,n less ?an n9e-t5?s ( ^! compon5t elem5ts1 ,p]sian1 ,greek1 ,h9du1 ,f9nic1 & o!r1 may1 9 ,viollet le ,duc's op9ion1 be set d[n z ,ea/]n4 ,sometimes ! art ( ,russia seems to h be5 almo/ effac$ by ,byzant9e or ,h9du influ5ces1 yet x ultimately assimilat$ all ^! ,ea/]n influ5ces until x rea*$ its highe/ po9t ( developm5t at ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,9 ! gild$ bulb\s domes we see ,h9du influ5ce4 ,p]sian influ5ce 0 peculi>ly /rong2 ! beautiful ,holy ,gate ( ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,john at ,ro/(f1 ! "w ( sixte5? c5tury ,russian arti/s1 is ( ?or\ghly ,p]sian "*4 ,all t ,russia took f ,c5tral ,asia & ,p]sia /r5g!n$ h] art1 ?\gh x reta9$ its own *>act]i/ics1 %[n p>tly by ! love ( spl5d\r peculi> to a y\?ful & semi-b>b>ic race1 z 9 ! fanta/ic magnific5ce ( t 8gigantic madrepore10 ! ,*ur* ( ,vassili ,blag5noi 9 ! ,kreml9 at ,mosc[2 p>tly by a fre$om ( conception & v>iety ( execution 9 :i* ! native _s f\nd expression4 ,go?ic art1 ) its :ole gamut ( notes1 f div9e aspiration to grotesque hum\r1 rema9$ absolutely ali54 ,:5 ,pet] ! ,great introduc$ ,lat9 & ,teutonic influ5ces1 & ,g]man1 ,italian1 ,engli%1 above all1 ,fr5* elem5ts p\r$ into ! c\ntry1 an 8(ficial ,russia0 grew up1 speak+ a =eign language & hav+ no contact ) ! nation4 ,russia rema9$ ! same1 b ! dissolution ( ,russian art 0 ensur$4 ,! g5u9e ,russian _s seems n to h em]g$ di/9ctively into ! region ( great art until x 0 br\ght into ! peculi>ly mod]n & we/]n %ape ( ! novel by ,gogol1 ! ,ukranian ,cossack4 8,dead ,s\ls0 is ! fir/ great ,russian example ( ! mod]n /ory-tell]'s art1 & /ill ! mo/ popul>4 ,ori5tal influ5ces h ceas$2 9 ,gogol we f9d we/]n1 especially ,engli%1 influ5ces1 b1 unlike ! lit]>y t5d5cies ( ! la/ c5tury1 !y are duly subord9at$ to elem5ts t are ess5tially ,russian4 ,! direct simplicity ( ! ,russian1 8 love ( m9ute reali/ic detail1 :i* seems to be express$ ev5 9 ! anci5t =m ( ! ,russian cross1 8 quietism1 8 pr(\nd human sympa?y1 h all f\nd adequate voice 9 ! mod]n ,russian novel4 ,! ,russian pa9t]s ( to-day1 & ! arti/s 9 bronze1 ) _! simple realism & con/ant rese>* = ! expression ( life 9 action1 h b foll[$ 9 ! /eps ( ! ,russian novel1 :i* has1 z its supreme repres5tatives1 ,t\rgu5eff1 ,do/oieffski1 & ,tol/oi4 ,t\rgu5eff1 s delicate & s5sitive 9 8 realism1 ) its atmosph]e ( ineffable melan*oly1 a ,corot among noveli/s1 z ,de ,vog calls him1 is great n only by ! bread? & insight ( 8 art1 b by ! unique position he holds 9 ! developm5t ( ,russian lit]ature4 ,! 8,/ories by a ,hunt]10 publi%$ a few ye>s be=e ! emancipation ( ! s]fs1 to :i* !y are suppos$ to h contribut$1 turn$ ! ,russian novel 9 ! direction ( peasant life4 ,! /udy ( ! peasant :i* occupies s mu* att5tion 9 ,russia to-day is mu* m ?an a m]e fa%ion1 = ! peasant 9 ,russia repres5ts by f> ! *ief elem5t 9 ! population2 c]ta9ly ! int]e/ 9 him has already left an ineffaceable m>k on ^? great ,russian noveli/s ^: influ5ce is _w-wide4 ,tol/oi1 ,gregorovit*1 ,t*$r9e1 & o!rs1 h drawn ! moojik ) ! bread? & fai?fulness ( ,millet1 9 e attitude ( godlike /r5g?1 ( pa!tic resignation1 ( abject vice4 ,9 ,do/oieffski1 z 9 ! poet ,nekrass(f1 ?is democratic elem5t is m fundam5tal ?an 9 ei!r ,t\rgu5eff or ,tol/oi4 ,do/oieffski's pr(\nd sci5ce ( ! human he>t c\ld nev] get ne> en\gh to its primitive & in/9ctive elem5ts4 ,!re are two or ?ree sc5es 9 8,recollections ( ! ,dead ,h\se10 ( ,dantesque awfulness1 :i* seem to br+ ne>] to u ?an any?+ else ! v fle% & _s ( humanity4 ,su* is t sc5e ( ! convicts 9 ! ba?-room1 close & cr[d$1 until1 on ! r$d5$ backs1 b5ea? ! /ress ( ! heat & ! /eam1 /& out cle>ly ! old sc>s ( :ips & rods4 ,9 all ,do/oieffski's books we are con/antly irritat$ & fasc9at$ by ?is same /range p5etrat+ od\r ( humanity4 ,russian art has always be5 v closely alli$ ) religion1 & ! ,russian is v religi\s4 ,ev] s9ce1 a ?\s& ye>s ago1 ! ,muscovites swam by ?\s&s into _! riv]s1 head$ by ! *iefs1 to receive ,*ri/ian baptism1 !y seem to h tak5 great int]e/ 9 religion4 ,b _! religion has a di/9ctive "*4 ,x has no cle> dem>cation f ord9>y life1 a *>act]i/ic t is reflect$ 9 ! simil>ity ( religi\s & secul> art 9 ,russia4 ,m ?an ?is1 unlike bo? ! fav\rite religions ( ! ,indian & ( ! ,teutonic races1 x is n l>gely my/ical2 x is simply a my/ical communism4 ,sympa?y & ! ne$ ( comrade%ip1 :i* seem to be deeply root$ 9 ! national "*1 are ! *>act]i/ics ( ,russian religion4 8,pity = a fall5 creature is a v national trait10 wrote ,gogol1 & among ! great ,russian noveli/s1 ,do/oieffski1 :o is ! mo/ int5sely ,russian1 is ?r\gh\t p5etrat$ by ! passion ( pity4 ,?is _s %[s itself 9 ! rem>kable sympa?y ) :i*1 9 ,russian popul> /ories1 ! devil is treat$4 8,he is repres5t$10 ,/epniak rem>ks1 8z ! enemy ( man1 do+ 8 be/ to drag him d[n into hell4 ,b z ?is is 8 trade he _c help x1 & ! p be> him no malice4 ,he is a good devil aft] all40 ,( ! ?ree p]sons ( ! ,*ri/ian ,tr9ity1 ! second1 mo/ associat$ ) images ( love1 appeals mo/ to ! ,russian popul> imag9ation4 ,god ! ,fa!r1 z an au/]e p]sonage1 lack+ 9 sympa?y1 is1 on ! o!r h&1 reg>d$ ) indiff]5t1 n to say ho/ile1 feel+s4 ,?is 0 well exemplifi$ by ! innoc5t rem>k ( a v5]able moojik 9 a remote "p ( ! c\ntry3 8,:at6 ,is ! old fell[ alive /ill80 ,! ,russian has yet *ang$ b little4 ,! ,scy?ians1 z we see !m 9 ! reali/ic rep\ss "w ( ! ,nikopol vase ( tw5ty-?ree c5turies ago1 are ! ,russian moojiks ( to-day2 ! features & ! dress h sc>cely *ang$4 ,!y are1 z ,h]odotus describ$ !m1 a race v t5aci\s ( _! cu/oms4 ,! sorc]] /ill holds 8 own among !m1 :ile ! or?odox pope1 x is well kn[n1 is reg>d$ ) no rev]5ce1 b r z a tradesman4 ,propitiatory sacrifices1 x is said1 are /ill paid by fi%]m5 to ! riv]-gods1 & families 9 ! same way try to keep on good t]ms ) ! h\sehold deities4 ,! anci5t communi/ic l& cu/oms /ill fl\ri%1 toge!r ) ! in]adicable belief t ! l& mu/ be ! prop]ty ( ev]yone4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry x is n uncommon = a poor man to help himself to ! corn ( a ri* man1 ! loan be+ repaid ) int]e/ 9 subsequ5t ye>s4 ,! deeply-root$ indiff]5ce ( ! p to ext]nal laws appe>s 9 ! difficulty ) :i* !y h be5 induc$ to accept an (ficially recogniz$ m>riage c]emony1 & 9 ! indulg5ce :i* is /ill felt t[>ds lib]ty1 :i* is n always lic5ce1 9 su* matt]s4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,russia1 ev5 to-day1 x is said1 a k9d ( ,p]vigilium ,v5]is is held p]iodically2 ! "y p asc5d a m\nta9 to s+ & to dance1 aft] :i* x is de rigueur to sep>ate & to sp5d ! night 9 c\ples4 ,! primitive matt]-(-fact simplicity ( ! p1 z well z _! indiff]5ce to law & au?ority1 is %[n 9 an incid5t t is said to h occurr$ only a few ye>s ago4 ,! peasants 9 a c]ta9 village decid$ t x 0 n desirable = _! wid[$ pope to live alone1 b ! prie/ ( ! ,greek ,*ur* is n all[$ to re-m>ry2 !re=e ! peasants1 hav+ obta9$ ! cons5t ( a soldi]'s wid[ to be ! pope's mi/ress1 insi/$ on introduc+ h] into 8 h\se4#aa ,su* incid5ts (t5 took place 9 ! we/]n ,europe ( five c5turies ago4 #aa ,i take ?is1 & mu* ( :at foll[s1 f ,n4 ,tsakni's int]e/+ book1 8,la ,russie ,sectaire40 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to ref] ! ,engli% read] to ! valuable s]ies ( works 9 :i* ,/epniak has set =? ! condition ( mod]n ,russia4 ,we h to be> 9 m9d ^! *>act]i/ics :5 we try to und]/& ! great religi\s movem5ts t are go+ on 9 ,russia4 ,9 all ^! sects we see ! t5acity ) :i* ! ,russian p h clung to _! inborn practical in/9cts ( communism1 frat]nity1 & sexual fre$om4 ,?is religi\s movem5t is b ano!r aspect ( ! _s t %[s itself 9 ,nihilism1 & x is a wid]1 deep]1 & m int]e/+ aspect4 ,bo? repres5t a pr(\nd antagonism to ! ,/ate & to ! (ficial we/]n me?ods ( social organization promulgat$ by ! ,/ate4 ,religi\s noncon=mity dates f> back into ! ,middle ,ages1 b to ,pet] ! ,great is ow+ ! fir/ great developm5t ( ,russian sects4 ,t ,tz>1 ) 8 hatr$ ( all ?+s ,russian1 0 naturally reg>d$ by pi\s & patriotic ,russians z ,anti*ri/1 & !y p]i%$1 9 ?\s&s at a "t1 by _! own h&s1 r ?an submit to ! we/]n notions :i*1 kn\t 9 h&1 he tri$ to =ce ^u !m4 ,on ! soil ( pov]ty1 wret*$ness & disease1 :i* di/+ui%es ,russia to-day f ! re/ ( ,europe1 ^! religi\s sects h ev]y:]e sprung up & fl\ri%$2 "s ( an ascetic type1 ) ,asiatic t5d5cies1 belong+ m especially to ! nor? ( ,russia1 su* z ^? frantic devotees1 ! ,skoptsy1 :o mutilate !mselves aft] ! mann] ( ! ,phrygian wor%ipp]s ( ,cybele2 or ( ^? sects1 belong+ m to ! s\?1 & rapidly ga9+ gr\nd ov] ! o!rs1 :o desire to lead a life ( reason & love1 su* z ! ,d\khobory1 :o recognize no m div9ity 9 ,jesus ?an resides 9 all m51 d5y all dogmas1 c]emonies1 au?ority1 give equal rights to e man & woman1 treat *ildr5 ) ! same respect z ! ag$1 practise free m>riages1 & are 9 _! daily lives bo? m moral & m prosp]\s ?an _! neighb\rs4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rec5t ( ^! sects is ! ,s\taiefftsky1 t fir/ became g5]ally kn[n ab\t #ahhj4 ,basil ,s\taieff1 an un$ucat$ mason1 belong+ to ! c5tre ( ,russia1 f 8 e>ly ye>s pond]$ & dream$ ov] ! mis]y ( ! _w4 ,to obta9 light he visit$ ! prie/s1 & "o ref]r$ him to ! ,gospels4 ,8 zeal induc$ him to le>n to read1 & he /udi$ ! ,new ,te/am5t eag]ly4 ,"o day he c>ri$ to ! *ur* ! body ( a "y son = burial4 ,! pope ask$ fifty kopecks = ! c]emony2 ,s\taieff _h only ?irty1 & ! pope began to b>ga9 ) him ov] ! corpse4 ,s\taieff indignantly took up ! body & buri$ x 9 8 own g>d54 ,f t "t dat$ 8 criticism ( ! ,*ur*1 & side by side grew up also a criticism ( ! _w4 ,he obs]v$ 9 8 own trade ! tricks ( comm]ce & ! p]petual ef=t to amass money & to deceive ! work]4 ,he ab&on$ 8 "w z a mason & return$ f ,/4 ,pet]sburg to ! c\ntry to cultivate ! e>?1 di/ribut+ to ! poor ! money he _h previ\sly e>n$4 ,b 9 ! c\ntry he f\nd1 f pope to peasant1 ! same vices z 9 ! t[n1 & ) no wi% to f\nd a new sect1 he became1 by example z well z by precept1 ! tea*] ( a religion ( univ]sal love & pity4 ,s\taieff rejects all c]emonies1 includ+ baptism & m>riage 7= :i* he sub/itutes a simple bless+ & exhortation to a j life71 & all ^? ext]nal manife/ations ( religion :i* r5d] m5 hypocritical4 ,at ! same "t he rejects all fai? 9 angels or devils1 or 9 ! sup]natural g5]ally1 & is absolutely indiff]5t to ! "q ( a future life4 ,we h to occupy ourselves ) ! e/abli%m5t ( happ9ess & ju/ice on ?is e>?2 :at happ5s above1 he says1 ,i _c tell1 nev] hav+ be5 !re2 p]haps !re is no?+ b et]nal d>kness4 ,he recognizes t ! moral reg5]ation ( m5 is closely connect$ ) social & economic que/ions4 ,private prop]ty is ! s\rce ( ! hatr$s1 jeal\sies1 & mis]ies ( m54 ,! proprietors mu/ give up ! l& ( :i* !y h arbitr>ily ga9$ possession1 & "w = _! liv+4 ,b ?is end is to be ga9$1 n by viol5ce1 b by p]suasion2 m5 w recognize ! hypocrisy & inju/ice ( _! lives1 & ^? :o p]si/ 9 evil w be %ut out f ! frat]nal community4 ,s\taieff refus$1 at "o p]iod at all ev5ts1 to pay taxes4 ,once he w5t to ,/4 ,pet]sburg to expla9 ! /ate ( ?+s to ! ,emp]or2 great 0 8 indignation :5 n only 0 an int]view refus$1 b he 0 summ>ily expell$ f ! city4 ,s\taieff & 8 disciples refuse milit>y s]vice1 = ! m5 ( all nations & religions are bro!rs3 :y %\ld !y qu>rel8 ,?is is ! sub/ance ( ,s\taieff's tea*+4 ,l>ge numb]s ( p]sons come to he> him1 sometimes out ( curiosity1 m (t5 z disciples4 ,he leads ! life ( a simple peasant4 ,"o ev5+1 x is said1 on go+ to 8 b>n1 he f\nd sev]al m5 c>ry+ away sacks ( fl\r4 ,)\t say+ a ^w1 he ent]$ ! b>n & f\nd a sack t ! robb]s _h n yet c>ri$ (f4 ,he pursu$ !m1 & on cat*+ up ) !m1 he said3 8,my bro!rs1 y mu/ be 9 ne$ ( bread2 take ! sack t y h =gott540 ,! foll[+ day ! robb]s br\ght back ! fl\r1 & ask$ ,s\taieff's =giv5ess4 ,he has himself summ$ up 8 tea*+4 8,:at is tru?80 a he>] once ask$ him4 8,tru?10 answ]$ ,s\taieff ) conviction1 8tru? is love1 9 a common life40 ,,ii4 ,e arti/ writes 8 own autobiography4 ,ev5 ,%akespe>e's works conta9 a life ( himself = ^? :o "k h[ to read x4 ,!re is little difficulty 9 read+ ,tol/oi's2 moreov]1 x is v copi\s1 & possesses ! additional advantage ( be+ writt5 f at lea/ two di/9ct po9ts ( view4 ,x is seldom necess>y to consult any o!r au?ority = ! ess5tial facts ( 8 life & gr[?4 8,*ildhood1 ,boyhood1 & ,y\?10 ! e>lie/ ( 8 l>ge books1 & "o ( ! mo/ attractive1 tells u all t we ne$ to "k ( 8 e>ly life4 ,an ,engli% critic has rem>k$ t1 if ,tol/oi has "h describ$ 8 boyhood1 he mu/ h be5 a v commonplace *ild4 ,! e>ly life ( m5 ( g5ius is r>ely a record ( precocities4 ,! boy "h describ$ s m9utely1 ) 8 abnormal s5sitiv5ess1 8 %y awkw>dness & pr(\nd admiration ( ! comme il faut1 8 p]petual self-analysis1 8 brood+ dreams1 8 amus+ self-conceit1 be>s 9 him ! g]ms ( a great arti/ mu* m c]ta9ly ?an any small mon/] ( p]fection4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to say t ! autobiography "h is n "o ( incid5t1 z "s p]sons h fooli%ly suppos$2 x is nei!r complete nor hi/orically accurate4 ,tol/oi uses 8 mat]ial z an arti/1 b ! mat]ial is himself4 ,! arti/ craves to express ! inw>d exp]i5ces ( 8 pa/ life1 ( :i* he c sc>cely speak4 ,he inv5ts c]ta9 imag9>y ev5ts1 or re>ranges actual ev5ts z a frame into :i* he fits 8 own inw>d exp]i5ces4 ,:atev] is mo/ poignant & vivid 9 ! noveli/'s art is s produc$2 & y say to him1 8,?is is s real2 y are n>rat+ y\r own hi/ory40 ,he w be able to reply laugh+ly1 8,oh1 no6 my life is n at all l t40 ,imag9ation is a poor sub/itute = exp]i5ce4 ,!re is suffici5t ext]nal evid5ce extant1 ev5 if x 7 possible to d\bt ! int]nal1 t ,tol/oi is "h ?r\gh\t draw+ on 8 own y\?ful exp]i5ces4 ,l ,irt5eff1 "y ,tol/oi foll[$ ,frankl9's injunctions z to ! use ( 8,rules ( ,life20 8 fav\rite books are ! same2 l him1 also1 he e>ly develop$ a love ( metaphysics1 ow+ to :i*1 "y ,irt5eff says1 8,i lo/ "o aft] ! o!r ! convictions :i*1 = ! happ9ess ( my own life1 ,i nev] %\ld h d>$ to t\*40 ,all ! slight indications 9 ! 8,confessions0 ( "y ,tol/oi's spiritual exp]i5ces agree ) "y ,irt5eff's4 ,ev5 ! pla9 face1 8exactly l t ( a common peasant10 ! small grey eyes & ?ick lips & wide nose1 t caus$ ! boy ( ! /ory to look at himself 9 ! glass ) su* sorr[ & av]sion1 to pray s f]v5tly to ,god to be made h&some1 correspond exactly to ^? ( ! real h]o4 ,no sign ( ! boy's e>ly developm5t is left unt\*$4 ,we feel t ?is book1 9 :i* ! arti/ is fir/ fully reveal$1 0 ! outcome ( an ov]ma/]+ impulse to give expression to ! accumulat$ exp]i5ces ( an int5se & s5sitive *ildhood1 n[ rec$+ = ev] into ! pa/4 ,desc5d$ f a well-kn[n m9i/] & fri5d ( ,pet] ! ,great1 & belong+ to a family t has be5 em95t = two hundr$ ye>s 9 w>1 diplomacy1 lit]ature1 & art1 ,ly( ,tol/oi 0 born 9 #ahbh1 ! y\nge/ ( f\r sons2 8 "m1 ! ,pr9cess ,m>ie ,volkonsky1 0 ! daught] ( a g5]al 9 ,ca!r9e's "t1 &1 accord+ to fri5ds ( ! noveli/'s family1 %e resembl$ ! ,m>ie ,bolkonsky ( 8,w> & ,peace40 ,bo? p>5ts 71 he says1 9 ! g5]al e/eem1 8good1 cultivat$1 g5tle1 & dev\t40 ,he 0 e>ly left an orphan1 8 "m dy+ :5 he 0 n yet two ye>s ( age1 8 fa!r :5 he 0 n9e4 ,at ! age ( fifte5 he w5t to ! ,univ]sity ( ,kazan2 he left x sudd5ly to settle on ! e/ate at ,yasnaya ,polyana :i* _h fall5 to him4 ,9 #ahea1 at ! age ( tw5ty-?ree1 he became a yunk] 7! usual position ( a nobleman ent]+ ! army1 do+ ! "w ( a common soldi] & associat+ ) ! (fic]s7 9 ! artill]y at ! ,caucasus2 he 0 /ation$ on ! ,t]ek4 ,?is exp$ition to ! ,caucasus 0 a memorable ev5t 9 "y ,tol/oi's life4 ,x det]m9$ f9ally 8 arti/ic vocation4 ,a c5tre ( milit>y activity on ! mo/ int]e/+ fronti] ( ! empire1 x is a l& ( wond]ful sc5]y & /range primitive cu/oms1 hall[$ ) association ) ,p\%k9 & ,gogol4 ,tol/oi's eld] & mo/ lov$ bro!r ,nikolai _h j come home on leave f ! ,caucasus2 x 0 natural t "y ,ly(1 :o _h nev] yet left ! neighb\rhood ( ,mosc[1 %\ld be attract$ to a l& :i* held = him a fasc9ation s manifold4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( ?is /range & new environm5t he became1 almo/ at once1 a great arti/1 & 8,*ildhood1 ,boyhood1 & ,y\?0 0 writt5 9 #aheb4 ,tol/oi's critics h sometimes regrett$ t he nev] cont9u$ ?is /ory4 ,! only possible cont9uation ( 8,*ildhood1 ,boyhood1 & ,y\?0 is 8,! ,cossacks40 ,! "y ,irt5eff ( ! end ( ! =m] book corresponds z closely z possible ) ! ,oly59 :o is analyz$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! latt]4 ,a few ye>s only h int]v5$4 ,^! ye>s he long aft] summ$ up briefly & too /]nly 9 ! 8,confessions03 8,i _c ?9k ( ^? ye>s )\t horror1 disgu/1 & pa9 ( he>t4 ,!re 0 no vice or crime t 9 ^? days ,i w\ld n h committ$4 ,ly+1 !ft1 pleasure ( all sorts1 intemp]ance1 viol5ce1 murd]--,i h committ$ all4 ,i liv$ on my e/ate1 ,i consum$ 9 dr9k or at c>ds :at ! lab\r ( ! peasants _h produc$4 ,i puni%$ !m1 & sold !m1 & deceiv$ !m2 & = all t ,i 0 prais$40 ,tol/oi condemns himself )\t m]cy1 z ,bunyan condemn$ himself 9 8 8,grace ,ab\nd+20 ev5 9 ! 8,confessions0 he admits t at ?is "t 8 aspirations aft] good 7 ! c5tral elem5t 9 8 nature1 & x 0 out ( desire to b5efit 8 peasants t he left ! univ]sity prematurely to settle on 8 e/ate4 ,tol/oi's spiritual autobiography is c>ri$ on z accurately z anyone ne$ desire 9 8,! ,cossacks40 ,x 0 9 ! ,caucasus t he fir/ p[]fully realiz$ :at nature is1 & natural life2 he 01 = ! fir/ "t1 =c$ to consid] 8 own relation to su* life4 ,luka%ka1 ! heal?y1 co>se "y ,cossack soldi]1 ,m>yana1 ! beautiful robu/ ,cossack girl1 & ! delightful figure ( ,uncle ,j]o%ka1 ! old hunt]1 display _! vivid & active life be=e ,oly591 ! *ild ( civilization4 ,he lives con/antly 9 ! pres5ce ( ! 8et]nal & inaccessible m\nta9 sn[s & a maje/ic woman end[$ ) ! primitive beauty ( ! fir/ woman20 he feels ! contra/ betwe5 ?is & ! life ( cities3 8happ9ess is to be ) ,nature1 to see h]1 to hold conv]se ) h]20 & he longs to m+le himself ) ! life ( ,m>yana4 ,9 va94 8,n[ if ,i c\ld only become a ,cossack l ,luka%ka1 /eal horses1 get tipsy on r$ w9e1 %\t ribald songs1 %oot m5 d[n1 & !n :ile drunk creep 9 ?r\gh ! w9d[ :]e %e 01 )\t a ?\ght ( :at ,i 0 do+ or :y ,i did x1 t w\ld be ano!r ?+1 !n we %\ld und]/& "o ano!r1 !n ,i might be happy4444 ,%e fails to und]/& me1 n because %e is b5ea? me1 n at all2 x w\ld be out ( ! nature ( ?+s = h] to und]/& me4 ,%e is light-he>t$2 %e is l ,nature1 calm1 tranquil1 suffici5t to h]self4 ,b ,i1 an incomplete feeble creature1 wi% h] to und]/& my ugl9ess & my angui%40 ,! book is full ( /rongly-drawn pictures ( ! beauty ( natural /r5g? & heal?2 sometimes recall+ ,:itman at 8 be/4 ,!y are /range1 ^! resemblances betwe5 ?ree great typical arti/s ( to-day1 s f> ap>t1 s little kn[n to ea* o!r1 ,millet1 ,:itman1 & ,tol/oi4 ,9 8,! ,cossacks0 ,tol/oi gives 8 fir/ /atem5t ( t problem ( man's natural function 9 life :i* he has be5 seek+ to solve ev] s9ce4 ,"h he has no sort ( solution to (f]2 8"s voice seem$ to bid him wait1 n decide ha/ily40 ,9 #ahed ,tol/oi 0 transf]r$ at 8 own reque/ to ! ,crimea1 to obta9 comm& ( a m\nta9 batt]y1 do+ good s]vice at ! battle ( ! ,t*]naya4 ,at ?is p]iod also he wrote 8 8,sket*es ( ,seba/opol40 ,by ?is "t he _h attract$ consid]able att5tion z a writ]1 & by comm& ( ! ,emp]or1 :o said t 8! life ( t "y man mu/ be look$ aft]10 he 01 mu* to 8 own annoyance1 remov$ to a place ( comp>ative safety4 ,:5 peace 0 made1 ,tol/oi1 !n tw5ty-six ye>s ( age1 left ! army & settl$ 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 :]e he 0 w>mly receiv$ by ! *ief lit]>y circle ( ! capital1 !n includ+ ,t\rgu5eff1 ,gregorovit*1 & ,o/r(fsky2 ! fir/1 :o 0 a comp>atively ne> neighb\r at ,yasnaya ,polyana1 becom+ "o ( 8 mo/ intimate fri5ds4 ,dur+ ! foll[+ t5 ye>s he wrote little1 b travell$ 9 ,g]many1 ,france1 & ,italy1 & devot$ himself to ! education ( ! s]fs on 8 e/ate1 m>ry+ 9 #ahfb ! "y & beautiful daught] ( a ,g]man milit>y doctor at ,tula4 ,al?\gh he wrote little1 he 0 enl>g+ 8 conception ( art & /udy+ lit]ature4 ,he admir$ ,engli% novels1 bo? = _! art & naturalism1 & among ,fr5* noveli/s he pref]r$ ,dumas & ,paul de ,kock1 :om he call$ ! ,fr5* ,dick5s4 ,s*op5hau] 0 a fav\rite writ] at ?is p]iod4 ,he f\nd 8 *ief recreations 9 t love ( sport 9 all its =ms :i* has left su* vivid & delightful traces ?r\gh\t 8 "w4 ,9 8 portraits he appe>s ) a %aggy be>d$ face1 ) l>ge prom95t irregul> features1 & r a /]n fix$ & res]v$ expression2 ! deep eyes are wat*ful yet sympa!tic1 & at ! same "t melan*oly1 & ! ?ick lips are s5sitive4 ,8 acqua9tances describ$ him z n easy to approa*1 v %y & r wild 7trs-f>\*e et trs-sauvage71 b ^? :o approa*$ him f\nd him 8extremely amiable40 ,9 8 lat] 8,confessions0 he ?us summ>izes 8 view ( ?+s1 & t ( ! gr\p to :i* he belong$1 dur+ ?is lit]>y p]iod ( 8 life1 m especially ) ref]5ce to ! e>li] "p ( x4 8,! view ( life ( my lit]>y comrades lay 9 ! op9ion t 9 g5]al life develop$ itself2 t 9 ?is developm5t we1 ! m5 ( intellect1 took ! *ief "p1 & among ! m5 ( intellect we1 arti/s & poets1 /ood fir/4 ,our vocation 0 to in/ruct p4 ,! v natural "q1 #8,:at d ,i "k & :at c ,i tea*1' 0 unnecess>y1 =1 accord+ to ! !ory1 "o ne$$ to "k no?+4 ,! arti/1 ! poet1 taught unconsci\sly4 ,i held myself = a wond]ful arti/ & poet1 & v naturally appropriat$ ?is !ory4 ,i 0 paid = x1 ,i _h excell5t food1 a good habitation1 wom51 society2 ,i 0 fam\s4444 ,:5 ,i look back to t "t1 to my /ate ( m9d !n1 & to t ( ! p ,i liv$ ) 7!re are ?\s&s ( !m1 ev5 n[71 x seems to me melan*oly1 horrible1 ludicr\s2 ,i feel z "o feels 9 a lunatic asylum4 ,we 7 all !n conv9c$ t we mu/ talk1 talk1 write & pr9t z quickly z possible & z mu* z possible2 because x 0 necess>y = ! good ( humanity40 ,?is is by no means a satisfactory or f9al acc\nt ( ! matt]4 8,w> & ,peace10 ,tol/oi's longe/ & mo/ ambiti\s "w1 :i* began to appe> 9 #ahfe1 is f ! pres5t po9t ( view ( comp>atively slight int]e/4 ,8 art _h n[ become m complex1 & ?is 0 a s]i\s attempt to give life to v>i\s aspects ( a great hi/orical p]iod4 ,mu* ( himself1 c]ta9ly1 we f9d scatt]$ ?r\gh ! "w1 especially 9 ,pi]re ,bes\kh(f1 ?\gh x is unnecess>y to say t a v l>ge "p ( ,pi]re's exp]i5ces _h no c\nt]p>t 9 ,tol/oi's2 ! n v life-l or int]e/+ ,masonic episode1 = in/ance1 has cle>ly be5 read up4 ,pi]re1 h[ev]1 appe>s be=e u1 f fir/ to la/1 z ,tol/oi appe>s be=e u1 a seek]4 8,anna ,k>59a0 is full ( biographic mat]ial ( int5se int]e/4 ,9 ,vronsky1 d\btless mu* ( 8 e>li] exp]i5ce1 & 9 ,lev9e1 8 own inn] hi/ory at t "t1 are writt5 cle>ly en\gh4 ,f ?is /&po9t ! book has ! vivid int]e/ ( a trag$y2 we see ! man ^: ef=ts to solve ! my/]y ( life we c trace ?r\gh all t he ev] wrote1 /ill grop+1 b n[ m re/lessly & eag]ly1 ) gr[+ desp]ation4 ,! nets are drawn tight ar\nd him1 & :5 we close ! book we see cle>ly ! inevitable fate ( :i* he is /ill unconsci\s4 ,i once liv$ on ! road to ! cemet]y ( a l>ge nor!rn t[n4 ,all day long1 x seem$ to me1 ! he>ses 7 trundl+ along _! dead to ! grave1 or gallopp+ gaily back4 ,:5 ,i walk$ out ,i met m5 c>ry+ c(f9s1 & if ,i glanc$ at !m1 p]haps ,i caught ! "n ( ! *ild ,i saw two days ago 9 8 "m's lap2 or ,i 0 greet$ by ! burly wid[] ( ye/]day1 pipe 9 m\?1 saunt]+ along to arrange ! burial ( ! wife :o lay1 ,i knew1 up/airs at home1 ?9 & hagg>d & dead4 ,! road became fanta/ic & horrible at la/2 ev5 su* a /raight road to ! cemet]y1 x seem$1 0 ! :ole ( life1 a road full ( ! noise ( ! prep>ation ( dea?4 ,h[ da9tily soev] we danc$ along1 ea* p]son1 laugh+ s m]rily or 9 su* d[nright e>ne/1 0 m]ely a corpse1 screw$ d[n 9 an invisible c(f91 trundl$ along z rapidly z might be to ! grave-edge4--,x 0 at su* a po9t ( view t ,tol/oi arriv$ 9 8 fiftie? ye>4 8,:5 ,i _h end$ my book #8,anna ,k>59a1'0 he wrote 9 8 8,confessions10 8my despair rea*$ su* a height t ,i c\ld d no?+ b ?9k1 ?9k1 ( ! horrible condition 9 :i* ,i f\nd myself4444 ,que/ions nev] ceas$ multiply+ & press+ = answ]s1 & l l9es conv]g+ all to "o po9t1 s ^! unansw]able que/ions press$ to "o black spot4 ,& ) horror & a consci\sness ( my weakness1 ,i rema9$ /&+ be=e ?is spot4 ,i 0 ne>ly fifty ye>s old :5 ^! unansw]able que/ions br\ght me into ?is t]rible & q unexpect$ position4 ,i _h come to ?is1 t ,i--a heal?y & happy man--felt t ,i c\ld no long] live4444 ,bodily1 ,i 0 able to "w at m[+ hay z well z a peasant4 ,m5tally1 ,i c\ld "w = eighte5 h\rs at a "t )\t feel+ any ill consequ5ce4 ,& yet ,i _h come to ?is1 t ,i c\ld no long] live4444 ,i only saw "o ?+--,dea?4 ,ev]y?+ else 0 a lie40 ,! great] "p ( ! 8,confessions0 is occupi$ ) ! analysis ( ?is m5tal condition1 & ) ! e>li] /ages ( 8 deliv]ance1 = :5 he wrote ! book he 0 sc>cely yet q free4 ,! direction 9 :i* light 0 to break 9 ^u him is v cle> ev5 to ! read] ( 8,anna ,k>59a40 ,x seem$ to him at l5g? t ! awful que/ions :i* _h oppress$ him s long _h be5 solv$ = ?\s&s ( ye>s by millions ^u millions ( p]sons :o _h nev] reason$ ab\t !m at all4 8,f ! "t :5 m5 fir/ began to live any:]e10 he says 9 ! 8,confessions10 8!y already knew ! mean+ ( life1 & !y c>ri$ on ?is life s t x rea*$ me4 ,ev]y?+ 9 me & ar\nd me1 corporeal & incorporeal1 is ! fruit ( _! exp]i5ces ( life2 ev5 ! means by :i* ,i judge & condemn life1 all ?is is n m9e1 b br\ght =? by !m4 ,i myself h be5 born1 br$1 gr[n up1 ?anks to !m4 ,!y h dug out ! iron1 h tam$ cattle & horses1 h taught h[ to till ! gr\nd1 & h[ to live toge!r & to ord] life2 !y h taught me to ?9k & to reason4 ,& ,i1 _! production1 receiv+ my meat & dr9k f !m1 in/ruct$ by _! ?\ghts & words1 h prov$ to !m !y are an absurdity6444 ,x is cle> t ,i h only call$ absurd :at ,i d n und]/&40 ,:5 he _h made ?is great discov]y ! re/ foll[$1 sl[ly1 b simply & naturally4 ,fir/1 he und]/ood ! mean+ ( ,god4 ,he _h all 8 life be5 seek+ ,god4 ,n[1 "o day 9 e>ly spr+1 he 0 9 ! wood1 try+ to cat* among ! tones ( ! =e/ ! cry ( ! snipe1 li/5+ & wait+1 & ?9k+ ( ! ?+s he _h be5 ?9k+ ( = ! la/ ?ree ye>s1 especially ( ?is "q ( ,god4 ,!re 0 no ,god--t he knew 0 an intellectual tru?4 ,b is ! k ( ,god an intellectual matt]8 ,& x seem$ to him t he realiz$ t ,god is life1 & t to live is to "k ,god4 8,& f t mom5t ! consci\sness ( ,god1 z kn[n by liv+1 has rema9$ ) me40 ,foll[+ up ?is clue1 he proce$$ to att5d *ur* regul>ly1 & to fulfil all ! or?odox c]emonies4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 a failure4 ,he c\ld n get rid ( ! consci\sness t ^! ?+s 7--8bo%40 ,he turn$ f ! *ur* to ! ,gospels4 ,at ?is po9t ! 8,confessions0 end4 ,9 ! ye> #ahgi1 9 :i* he wrote t book1 he he>d (1 & met1 ,s\taieff4 ,"o ev5+ a begg> woman _h knock$ at ,s\taieff's door1 ask+ %elt] = ! night4 ,%e 0 giv5 food & a place ( re/4 ,next morn+ all ! family w5t to "w 9 ! field4 ,! woman took ! opportunity ( collect+ all ! valuables %e c\ld lay h] h&s on1 & fl$4 ,"s peasants at "w saw h]1 /opp$ h]1 exam9$ h] bundle1 & hav+ b\nd h] h&s1 l$ h] be=e ! local au?orities4 ,s\taieff he>d ( ?is1 & soon arriv$4 8,:y h y arre/$ h]80 he ask$4 8,%e is a ?ief2 %e mu/ be puni%$10 !y cri$4 8,judge n1 & y w n be judg$10 he said solemnly2 8we are all guilty at "s po9t4 ,:at is ! good ( condemn+ h]8 ,%e w be put 9 prison1 & :at advantage w t be8 ,x w\ld be mu* bett] to give h] some?+ to eat1 & to let h] g 9 ! grace ( ,god40 ,su* curi\sly ,*ri/-l /ories z ?is ( ! peasant-tea*] rea*$ ,tol/oi1 & made a deep impression on him4 ,!y 7 9 ! l9e ( 8 m5tal developm5t1 & ?rew light on 8 own exp]i5ces4 ,! influ5ce ( ,s\taieff appe>s 9 8,:at !n mu/ we d80--a fur!r *apt] 9 ! hi/ory ( ,tol/oi's developm5t1 & p]haps ! mo/ memorable ( 8 attempts at ! solution ( social que/ions4 ,:at !n mu/ we d8 ,x 0 ! "q ! p ask$ ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 & we "k 8 brief & practical answ]4 ,x 0 ! "q t press$ itself = solution on ,tol/oi :5 he began to inve/igate ! mis]y ( ,mosc[1 & to />t philan?ropic plans = its amelioration4 ,he tells u 9 ?is n>rative1 :i* has a dramatic vividness ( its own t w n be> abbreviation1 h[ he 0 gradually =c$1 by 8 own well-mean+ attempts & mi/akes1 to ab&on 8 philan?ropic projects1 & to realize t he himself & all o!r respectable & well-to-d p 7 ! direct causes ( ! mis]y ( pov]ty4 ,he inve/igat$ ! wor/ p>ts ( ! city1 f9d+ m com=t & happ9ess amid/ rags ?an he _h expect$1 & only discov]+ "o hopelessly useless class--! class ( ^? :o _h se5 bett] days1 :o _h be5 br\ght up 9 ! notions t he himself _h be5 br\ght up 9 z to ! relative position ( ^? :o are work]s & ^? :o are n work]s4 ,he met ) a pro/itute :o /ay$ at home nurs+ ! *ild ( a dy+ woman4 ,he ask$ h] if %e w\ld n l to *ange h] life--to become1 he sugge/$ at r&om1 a cook4 ,%e laugh$3 8,a cook8 ,i _c ev5 bake bread20 b he detect$ 9 h] face an expression ( contempt = ! occupation ( a cook4 8,?is woman1 :o1 l ! wid[ ( ! ,gospel1 _h 9 ! simple/ way sacrific$ all t %e possess$ = a dy+ p]son1 ?\ght1 l h] companions1 t "w 0 l[ & contemptible4 ,!re9 0 h] mis=tune4 ,b :o ( u1 man or woman1 c save h] f ?is false view ( life8 ,:]e among u are ! p :o are conv9c$ t a life ( lab\r is m hon\rable ?an "o ( idl5ess1 :o live accord+ to su* a conviction1 & value & respect m5 accord+ly80 ,he came across ano!r pro/itute :o _h br\ght up h] daught] ( ?irte5 to ! same trade4 ,he det]m9$ to save ! *ild1 to put h] 9 ! h&s ( "s compassionate ladies1 b x 0 impossible to p]suade ! woman t %e _h n done ! be/ = ! daught] :om %e _h c>$ = all h] life & br\ght up to ! same occupation z h]self2 & he realiz$ t x 0 ! "m h]self :o _h to be sav$ f a false view ( life1 accord+ to :i* x 0 "r to live )\t be>+ *ildr5 & )\t work+1 9 ! s]vice ( s5suality4 8,:5 ,i _h consid]$ ?is1 ,i und]/ood t ! majority ( ladies :om ,i w\ld h call$ on to save ?is girl1 n only !mselves live )\t be>+ *ildr5 & )\t work+1 b also br+ up _! daught]s to live su* a life2 ! "o "m s5ds h] daught] to ! public-h\se1 ! o!r to ! ball4 ,b bo? mo!rs possess ! same view ( life1 namely1 t a woman mu/ be f$1 clo!d1 & tak5 c>e (1 to satisfy ! wantonness ( a man4 ,h[1 !n1 c\ld our ladies improve ?is woman & h] daught]80 ,he 0 anxi\s to befri5d a bright boy ( twelve1 & took him into 8 own h\se among ! s]vants1 p5d+ "s bett] arrangem5t to give him "w4 ,at ! end ( a week ?is ungrateful little boy ran away1 & 0 subsequ5tly f\nd at ! circus1 act+ z conductor to an elephant1 = ?irty kopecks a day4 8,to make him happy & to improve him ,i _h tak5 him into my h\se1 :]e he saw--:at8 ,my *ildr5--old]1 y\ng]1 & ! same age z himself--:o n only did n "w = !mselves1 b 9 e way gave "w to o!rs3 !y spoil$ ev]y?+ !y came 9 contact )1 ov]-ate !mselves ) sweets & delicacies1 broke crock]y1 & ?rew to ! dogs :at to ?is boy w\ld seem da9ties4444 ,i ought to h und]/ood h[ fooli% x 0 on my "p--,i :o br\ght up my *ildr5 9 luxury to d no?+--to try to improve o!r p & _! *ildr51 :o liv$ 9 :at ,i call$ #8d5s1' b ?ree-f\r?s ( :om work$ = !mselves & = o!rs40 ,8 exp]i5ce 0 ! same ?r\gh\t1 & he br+s 8 usual ke5 insight to ! analysis ( 8 m5tal attitude :5 he gave money 9 *>ity1 & to ! m5tal attitude ( ! recipi5ts ( 8 *>ity4 ,he f\nd also t1 ev5 if 8 *>ity 7 to rival t ( ! poor1 he w\ld h to give #c1jjj r\bles to make a gift proportion$ to ! ?ree kopecks be/[$ by a peasant1 or to sacrifice 8 :ole liv+ = days at a "t1 l ! pro/itute :o nurs$ ! dy+ woman's *ild4 ,x seem$ to him t he 0 l a man try+ to draw ano!r man out ( a swamp1 :ile he himself 0 /&+ on ! same %ift+ & trea*]\s gr\nd2 e ef=t only s]v$ to %[ ! "* ( ! gr\nd t he /ood ^u himself4 ,:5 he 0 at ! ,night ,%elt] at ,mosc[1 & look$ at ! wret*$ cr[d :o s\ght admission1 he recall$ 8 impression :5 he _h se5 a man guillot9$ at ,p>is ?irty ye>s previ\sly1 & ) 8 :ole be+ _h und]/ood t murd] w\ld always be murd]1 & t he _h 8 %>e 9 ! guilt4 8,s1 at ! sight ( ! hung]1 cold1 & degradation ( ?\s&s ( m51 ,i und]/ood1 n ) my reason1 b ) my he>t & my :ole be+1 t ! exi/5ce ( t5 ?\s& su* m5 9 ,mosc[1 :ile ,i & o!r ?\s&s eat da9tily1 clo! our horses & cov] our floors--let ! le>n$ say z mu* z !y w t x is inevitable--is a crime1 committ$ n once b con/antly1 & t ,i ) my luxury d n m]ely p]mit ! crime1 b take a direct "p 9 x4 ,! diff]5ce 9 ! two impressions consi/$ only 9 ?is--t be=e ! guillot9e all ,i c\ld h done w\ld h be5 to cry out to ! murd]]s t !y 7 do+ evil1 & to try to prev5t !m4 ,ev5 !n ,i %\ld h kn[n be=eh& t ! de$ w\ld n h be5 prev5t$4 ,b "h ,i c\ld h giv51 n m]ely a w>m dr9k or ! little money t ,i _h ab\t me1 b ,i c\ld h giv5 ! coat f my body1 & all t ,i _h 9 my h\se4 ,i did n d s1 & !re=e ,i felt1 & /ill feel1 & %all nev] cease to feel1 t ,i am a p>tak] 9 t nev]-ceas+ crime1 s long z ,i h sup]flu\s food & ano!r has none1 s long z ,i h two coats & ano!r has none40 8,my ,religion10 ! be/ kn[n ( ,tol/oi's social works1 conta9s--n1 inde$1 ! late/ or ! f9al /atem5t1 = ,tol/oi is n a man to /& /ill--! cle>e/1 mo/ vigor\s & complete /atem5t ( 8 beliefs4 ,he "h frankly admits t he has arriv$ by ! road ( 8 own exp]i5ce at convictions simil> to ^? ( ,jesus z express$ 9 ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt4 ,t he has no?+ to say 9 fav\r ( ! ,*ri/ianity ( to-day1 :i* approves ( society z x n[ is1 ) its prison cells1 its factories1 its h\ses ( infamy1 its p>liam5ts1 "o ne$ sc>cely po9t out4 ,he has no?+ b contempt = 8fai?0 :i* he reg>ds z m]ely a k9d ( lunacy4 8,b reason1 :i* illum9ates our life & impels u to modify our actions1 is n an illusion1 & its au?ority c nev] be d5i$4444 ,jesus taught m5 to d no?+ contr>y to reason4 ,x is unreasonable to g out to kill ,turks or ,g]mans2 x is unreasonable to make use ( ! lab\rs ( o!rs t y & y\rs may be clo!d 9 ! height ( fa%ion & ma9ta9 t s\rce ( ennui1 a draw+-room2 x is unreasonable to take p1 already corrupt$ by idl5ess & depravity1 & devote !m to fur!r idl5ess & depravity )9 prison walls3 all ?is is unreasonable--& yet x is ! life ( ! ,european _w40 ,! doctr9e ( ,jesus is h>d1 m5 say4 ,b h[ mu* h>d]1 exclaims ,tol/oi1 is ! doctr9e ( ! _w6 8,9 my own life10 he says1 87an exceptionally happy "o1 f a worldly po9t ( view71 ,i c reckon up z mu* suff]+ caus$ by foll[+ ! doctr9e ( ! _w z _m a m>tyr has endur$ = ! doctr9e ( ,jesus4 ,all ! mo/ pa9ful mom5ts ( my life--! orgies & duels 9 :i* ,i took "p z a /ud5t1 ! w>s 9 :i* ,i h p>ticipat$1 ! diseases t ,i h endur$1 & ! abnormal & unsupportable conditions "u :i* ,i n[ live--all ^! are only s mu* m>tyrdom exact$ by fidelity to ! doctr9e ( ! _w40 ,& :at ( ^? less happily situat$8 8,?irty millions ( m5 h p]i%$ 9 w>s1 f\ght 9 behalf ( ! doctr9e ( ! _w2 ?\s&s ( millions ( be+s h p]i%$1 cru%$ by a social sy/em organiz$ on ! pr9ciple ( ! doctr9e ( ! _w4444 ,y w f9d1 p]haps to y\r surprise1 t n9e-t5?s ( all human suff]+ endur$ by m5 is useless1 & ought n to exi/--t1 9 fact1 ! majority ( m5 are m>tyrs to ! doctr9e ( ! _w40 ,tol/oi sums up 8 own doctr9e "u a v few heads3--,resi/ n evil--,judge n--,be n angry--,love "o woman4 ,8 cre$ is entirely cov]$ by ^! f\r po9ts4 8,my ,religion0 is *iefly occupi$ by ! exposition ( :at !y mean1 & 9 8 h&s !y mean mu*4 ,!y mean no?+ less ?an ! abolition ( ! ,/ate & ! c\ntry4 ,he is z uncompromis+ z ,ibs5 9 deal+ ) ! ,/ate4 8,x is a humbug1 ?is ,/ate10 he rem>k$ to ,mr4 ,/ead4 8,:at y call a ,gov]nm5t is m]e phantasmagoria4 ,:at is a ,/ate8 ,m5 ,i "k2 peasants & villages1 ^! ,i see2 b gov]nm5ts1 nations1 /ates1 :at are ^! b f9e names inv5t$ to conceal ! plund]+ ( hone/ m5 by di%one/ (ficials80 ,law1 tribunals1 prisons1 become impossible ) ! disappe>ance ( ! ,/ate2 & ) ! disappe>ance ( ! c\ntry1 & ( 8t gross impo/ure call$ patriotism10 !re c be no m w>4 ,9 place ( ^! great & v5]able pill>s ( civilization1 :at8 ,! fir/ condition ( happ9ess1 he tells u1 is t ! l9k betwe5 man & nature %all n be brok51 t he may enjoy ! sky above him1 & ! pure air & ! life ( ! fields4 ,?is involves ! nationalization ( ! l&1 or r1 to avoid c5traliz+ t5d5cies1 its communalization4 8,i q agree ) ,george10 he rem>k$1 8t ! l&lords may be fairly expropriat$ )\t comp5sation1 z a matt] ( pr9ciple4 ,b z a "q ( exp$i5cy1 ,i ?9k comp5sation might facilitate ! necess>y *ange4 ,x w come1 ,i suppose1 z ! emancipation ( slaves came4 ,! idea w spread4 ,a s5se ( ! %amefulness ( private own]%ip w gr[4 ,someone w write an #8,uncle ,tom's ,cab9' ab\t x2 !re w be agitation1 & !n x w come1 & _m :o own l& w d z did ^? :o own$ s]fs1 volunt>ily give x to _! t5ants4 ,b = ! re/1 a loan might be arrang$1 s z to prev5t ! "w be+ /opp$ by ! cry ( confiscation4 ,( c\rse ,i d n hold ) ,george ab\t ! taxation ( ! l&4 ,if y c\ld get angels f ,heav5 to adm9i/] ! taxes f ! l&1 y might d ju/ice & prev5t mis*ief4 ,i am aga9/ all taxation40 ,! second condition ( happ9ess is lab\r1 ! intellectual lab\r t "o loves because "o has *os5 x freely1 & ! physical lab\r t is sweet because x produces ! muscul> joy ( "w1 a good appetite1 & tranquil sleep4 ,! ?ird condition ( happ9ess is love4 ,e heal?y man & woman %\ld h sexual relation%ips2 & ,tol/oi makes no di/9ction betwe5 ^? t are call$ by ! "n ( m>riage & ^? t are n s call$2 9 ei!r case1 h[ev]1 he w\ld dem& t !y %all be p]man5t4 ,! f\r? condition is unre/ra9$ fell[%ip ) m5 & wom5 g5]ally1 )\t di/9ction ( class4 ,! fif? is heal?1 ?\gh ?is seems l>gely ! result ( ob$i5ce to ! o!rs4 ,^! are ! five po9ts ( ,tol/oi's *>t]4 ,!y seem simple en\gh1 b he is c>eful to po9t out t mo/ ( !m are clos$ to ! ri*4 ,! ri* man is h$g$ 9 by conv5tions1 & _c live a simple & natural life4 ,a peasant c associate on equal t]ms ) millions ( 8 fell[s2 ! circle ( equal association becomes n>r[] & n>r[] ! high] ! social rank1 until we come to k+s & emp]ors1 :o h sc>cely "o p]son ) :om !y may live on equal t]ms4 8,is n ! :ole sy/em l a great prison1 :]e ea* inmate is re/rict$ to association ) a few fell[-convicts80 ,! ri* may1 inde$1 "w1 b ev5 !n _! "w usually consi/s 9 (ficial & adm9i/rative duties1 or ! obs]vance ( ardu\s social conv5tions :i* are odi\s to !m3 8,i say odi\s1 = ,i nev] yet met ) a p]son ( ?is class :o 0 cont5t$ ) 8 "w1 or took z mu* satisfaction 9 x z ! man :o %ovels ! sn[ f 8 door/ep40 ,f ?is /&po9t ,tol/oi has nev] s9ce greatly v>i$4 ,su* z he is n[ he is kn[n ?r\gh\t ! civiliz$ _w4 ,he lives at 8 old home at ,yasnaya ,polyana1 surr\nd$ by less luxury ?an may be f\nd 9 _m a ,sib]ian cottage1 writ+ or %oemak+ or pl\gh+1 or knead+ clay 9 a tub to build incombu/ible cottages1 or sp5d+ ! day 9 spread+ manure ov] ! l& ( "s poor wid[4 ,su* we see him 9 8 portraits1 9 ! co>se bl\se & ! lea!r belt t he has always worn1 ) ! massive1 e>ne/1 suff]+1 baffl$ face1 z ( a bl9d b unconqu]$ ,samson4 ,,iii4 ,) ,tol/oi ! arti/ we h "h little conc]n4 ,yet f ! fir/ he has be5 an arti/1 & 9 spite ( himself he is an arti/ to ! la/4 ,we _c pass by 8 art4 ,"o realizes ?is curi\sly 9 read+ 8,:at !n mu/ we d80 ,a pr(\ndly s9c]e record )\t d\bt ( deeply-felt exp]i5ces & ( a m5tal revolution1 x is yet ! "w ( an arti/1 a trag$y broadly & solemnly unfold+ ! mis]y ( ! _w1 ! impot5ce ( e s*eme or impulse ( *>ity1 ! light t comes only f fre$om & self-developm5t4 ,let u read1 aga91 t little popul> tract--8,does a man ne$ mu* l&80--brimm+ ov] ) mean+1 ab\t ! man :o ga9$ p]mission to possess z mu* l& z he c\ld walk r\nd f sunrise to sunset4 ,c he get s mu* into ! circuit1 n omitt+ ?is f9e /ret* ( l&1 & ?is o!r8 ,8 con/antly gr[+ desires1 8 ef=ts1 are told 9 brief1 /]n phrase1 8 fev]i% & fail+ /ra9 to rea* ! goal1 t at sunset is rea*$1 & ! man drops d[n dead4 ,!n ! curt & unacc5tuat$ conclusion3 8,pakhom's man took ! hoe1 dug a grave = him1 made x j long en\gh f head & foot--?ree ar%9s--& buri$ him40 ,all ! trag$y ( ! n9ete5? c5tury is press$ toge!r into ^? half-doz5 pages by ! /rong1 rel5tless h& ( ! great arti/ :o deigns to po9t no moral4 ,f ! e>ly & delici\s sket* ( ! frail musician1 ,alb]t1 d[n to ! sombre & awful 8,dea? ( ,ivan ,ilyit*10 ,tol/oi has produc$ an imm5se body ( "w t mu/ be consid]$1 above all1 z art4 ,"o reads ?is body ( "w ) ev]-gr[+ delight & satisfaction4 ,gogol 0 a f9] arti/ ?an ,dick5s1 b !re are too _m sugge/ions ab\t him ( ,dick5s & ! ,engli% noveli/s4 ,t\rgu5eff1 a v great arti/--h[ great1 ^? little prose-poems1 8,s5ilia10 w\ld alone suffice to %[--an arti/ :o ?rill$ to e t\*1 suff]$ f ! excess ( 8 s5sitiv5ess1 & p]haps also f an undue absorption 9 ! we/]n _w4 ,9 ,do/oieffski !re is no?+ ( ! we/2 he is intimately & int5sely p]sonal1 ) an ev5 morbid rese>* ( all ! fibres ( organic mis]y 9 human nature4 ,9 all 8 "w we seem to he> ! groans ( ! prison-h\se1 ! h\se ( ! dead 9 ,sib]ia4 ,:5 we h read ! wond]ful book 9 :i* he has record$ ! life ( 8 ye>s !re1 we "k ! s\rce ( all 8 inspiration4 ,read+ all ^! au?ors1 we are con/antly aw>e ( ! neurotic elem5t 9 ,russian life & ,russian "*1 ! re/less1 diseas$ elem5t t is reveal$ to u 9 cold sci5tific analysis by ,t>n[sky & ,s4 ,p4 ,k[alevski & ,dmitri ,drill4 ,x is n s :5 we turn to ,tol/oi4 ,9 him we f9d n m]ely ! insight & ! reali/ic obs]vation1 b a bread? & sanity & :ol5ess t ! o!rs mo/ly fail to give u4 ,8 art is s full & broad & true t he seems able to d = 8 own "t & c\ntry :at ,%akespe>e ) excess ( poetic afflu5ce did = 8 "t1 & ,balzac = 84 ,he is equal to e ef=t1 he omits no?+ t imports1 he describes ev]y?+ ) ! same calm ease & simplicity4 ,x makes no diff]5ce :e!r1 )9 ! limits ( a slight sket*1 he is trac+ delicately ! life ( ! drunk5 arti/1 ,alb]t1 or produc+ ! l>ge/ lit]>y canvas ( mod]n times1 8,w> & ,peace40 ,9 8,family ,happ9ess0 he analyzes passion1 m>riage1 p>5?ood1 ! cycle ( life1 9 a simple n>ration1 a few *apt]s1 yet no?+ is omitt$1 & "o %udd]s at ! awful ease ) :i* to ?is man ^! ?+s seem to yield _! secret4 ,9 8,ivan ,ilyit*0 he analyzes dea? & ! h\se ( dea?1 quietly1 completely1 ) a h& t nev] falt]s4 ,he writes z a man :o has t\*$ life at _m po9ts1 & ta/$ mo/ t x has to (f]1 its joys & its sorr[s1 b he gazes ^u x1 ev5 f ! fir/1 ) ! lum9\s & passionless calm ( old age4 ,8 art is less p]fect ?an ,flaub]t's1 b ,flaub]t's int5se p]sonal note1 ! f]oci\s nihilism ( ! ,norman1 is abs5t4 ,he holds life up to ! light1 simply1 & says3 8,?is is :at x is60 ,= "o :o _c read ,tol/oi 9 ! orig9al1 & :o misses ! /yle s mu* prais$ by ^? :o are m privileg$1 ,tol/oi seems an uncompromis+ reali/4 ,he has !re=e (t5 be5 comp>$ ) ,zola1 ! prodigi\s repres5tative & *ampion ( ,lat9 realism4 ,9 va9 ,zola himself disclaims ?is position2 x is he m ?an any o!r :o has influ5c$ ! novel1 especially 9 ! ,lat9 c\ntries1 9 ! direction1 if n ( realism1 at all ev5ts 9 t ( anti-idealism2 n ,balzac or ,/5dhal1 :o h rea*$ sure summits ( fame1 b h ceas$ to be liv+ influ5ces2 n ! ,de ,gonc\rts1 ^: /yle _c be imitat$2 lea/ ( all ,flaub]t1 an ideali/ ( ideali/s1 ^: pr(\nd art & m>moreal /yle are ( ! sort t x takes g5]ations ev5 to und]/&4 ,x is int]e/+1 d\btless1 to put ,tol/oi beside ,zola1 b ! resemblance is n deep4 ,zola is ! av[$ prophet ( a =mula4 ,he has read & pond]$ ! 8,introduction l'tude de la ,mdic9e ,exprim5tale10 9 :i* ! great physiologi/1 ,claude ,b]n>d1 exp\nd$ ! pr9ciples ( ! exp]im5tal me?od z appli$ to ! sci5ces ( physical life4 ,he has ask$ himself3 8,c we n apply ?is same me?od to ! psy*ological life8 ,c we n h an exp]im5tal novel80 8,we seek ! causes ( social evil10 he decl>es 9 8,le ,roman ,exp]im5tal10 a collection ( essays n less in/ructive ?an 8 novels1 & m int]e/+2 8we pres5t ! anatomy ( classes & ( individuals1 9 ord] to expla9 ! ab]rations :i* are produc$ 9 society & 9 man4 ,?is obliges u (t5 to "w on bad subjects1 & to desc5d into ! mid/ ( human mis]ies & follies4 ,b we br+ ! docum5ts necess>y to be kn[n by ^? :o w\ld dom9ate good & evil4 ,"h is :at we h se51 obs]v$1 expla9$ 9 all s9c]ity4 ,n[ x is ! turn ( ! legislators60 ,to br+ ! sci5tific _s ( ! age into ! novel3 x 0 a brilliant idea1 & ,zola =?) set to "w1 ) 8 imm5se en]gy & un%akeable resolution1 to draw up a procs-v]bal ( human life--= ?is is ! mo/ t ! 8exp]im5tal me?od0 comes to 9 ! novel--:i* has n ceas$ to ?is day4 ,b1 "o asks oneself1 :at is reality8 ,zola has frankly expla9$ h[ a novel ought to be writt52 h[ "o mu/ get "o's human docum5ts1 /udy !m ?or\ghly1 accumulate notes1 sy/ematically frequ5t ! society ( ! p "o is /udy+1 wat* !m1 li/5 to !m1 m9utely obs]ve & record all _! surr\nd+s4 ,b h we got reality !n8 ,does ! noveli/ ,i casually meet1 & :o has opportunities to take notes ( my conv]sation & appe>ance1 to exam9e ! furniture ( my h\se & to collect gossip ab\t me1 "k any?+ :atev] ( ! romance or trag$y :i* to me is ! reality ( my life1 ^! o!r ?+s be+ b %r$s or tatt]s ( life8 ,or if my romance or trag$y has got into a law-c\rt or a police-c\rt1 is he really mu* ne>] !n8 ,! unrevealable motives1 ! *>m1 ! my/]y1 7 n depos$ to by ! policeman :o 0 imm$iately summon$1 nor by ! s]vant-girl :o look$ ?r\gh ! key-hole4 ,c]ta9 disagreeable details3 d !y make up reality8 ,to select ! mo/ beautiful & *>m+ woman "o kn[s1 & to set a detective arti/ on h] track1 to foll[ h] ab\t ev]y:]e1 to keep an op]a-glass fix$ ^u h]1 to cat* fragm5ts ( h] conv]sation1 to ent] h] h\se1 h] b$room1 to exam9e h] dirty l951--w\ld ,hel5 ( ,troy em]ge beautiful f ?is procs-v]bal8 ,& on :i* side w\ld be mo/ reality8 ,nature seems to res5t ?is au/]e me?od ( approa*+ h]1 & :5 we h clos$ our h&s ! reality has slipp$ ?r\gh our f+]s4 ,a great arti/1 a ,%akespe>e or a ,goe!1 is n afraid ( any fact1 h[ev] repulsive x may seem1 s long z x is significant4 ,b x mu/ be significant4 ,)\t sympa?y & a sev]e criticism ( details1 ! truly illum9at+ facts w be miss$ or lo/ 9 ! heap4 ,x is int]e/+ to note t ,zola himself recognizes ?is1 & admits t he has be5 c>ri$ away by 8 delight & en?usiasm 9 attempt+ to v9dicate = ,art ! :ole ( ,nature4 ,:atev] is really f9e 9 ,zola's "w--8,la ,faute de l',abb ,m\ret10 or ! la/ *apt]s ( 8,nana0--is f9e because ! man ( a =mula is = a:ile subord9at$ to ! arti/4 ,zola may "w z h>d z he w 9 ! cause ( ! =mula2 he rema9s1 above all1 a man ( massive temp]am5t & peculi>ly /rong individuality4 ,t is ! real secret ( 8 influ5ce4 ,a y\?1 develop$ 9 ! pov]ty & hung] ( a g>ret on ! outskirts ( ,p>is1 :o 0 fasc9at$ by ! great city he has lov+ly pa9t$1 z x 0 !re spread out be=e him1 9 8,une ,page d',am\r10 & condemn$ to see x only f ! outside1--"h 0 mat]ial = t irony1 un5d+ & absolutely pitiless1 t runs ?r\gh ! :ole ( ! va/ ,r\gon-,macqu>t drama ( ! _w4 ,he is an au/]e morali/1 ) no t5d]ness = human weakness1 8un tragique qui se f*e10 z he calls himself1 a ,republican 9 _s long be=e ! ,republic 0 proclaim$1 a hat] ( all hypocrisies & empty prett9esses & f9e phrases & elegant circumlocutions1 a fight+ man ready to fight to ! la/1 ) rude weapons b 9 fair combat4 ,he repres5ts ! revolt aga9/ ! ,fr5* romantic movem5t--8une meute de rhtorici5s10 he calls x--:i* f\nd its supreme inc>nation 9 ,victor ,hugo4 ,! ,=ty ,immortals may h laugh$ s]5ely1 b :5 ,zola decl>$ t he 0 c>ry+ on ! classic tradition he 0 n altoge!r wrong4 ,! classic tradition ( ,france is m>k$ by a v vivid s5se ( life2 x has a close grip ( ! practical & mat]ial side ( ?+s1 a :olesome contempt = all pret5ce1 & sometimes a c]ta9 r rank sav\r ( audacity4 ,zola w sc>cely /& beside ,rabelais & ,montaigne & ,molire2 ! arti/ 9 him is too mu* cru%$ by ideas1 & he has altoge!r run too mu* to se$2 b he is fight+ on ! same side1 & he has be5 prov$ to possess "o quality :i* leaves little m to be said1 effectiv5ess4 ,:atev] ! value ( 8 "w1 he has turn$ ! tide ( novel lit]ature1 :]ev] 8 influ5ce has spread1 f frivol\s inanities to ! pa9/ak+ /udy ( ! facts ( human life4 ,:atev] we may ?9k = ! mom5t1 t is a v :olesome & altoge!r moral revolution4 ,z = great art1 t is nei!r "h nor !re4 ,%akespe>e1 ,goe!1 ,flaub]t1--= su* m5 ! extremes ( poetry & ( realism are equally welcome4 ,tol/oi1 x is cle>1 is m ( a reali/ ?an a poet1 b 8 realism is ( ! k9d t gr[s naturally out ( ! exp]i5ces ( a man :o has liv$ a peculi>ly full & v>i$ life4 ,x is life sur le vif1 n /udi$ f a g>ret w9d[4 ,no?+ is omitt$1 no?+ is sup]flu\s2 ! n>rative seems to lead ! n>rator r ?an ! n>rator x1 & ?r\gh all we cat* p]petually :at seems an almo/ accid5tal fragrance ( poetry4 ,see ! acc\nt ( ! /orm 9 ! 8,*ildhood1 ,boyhood1 & ,y\?10 or ( ! *ild 9 ! raspb]ry bu%1 or ( ! m[+1 or ! horse-race1 9 8,anna ,k>59a10 ) _! peculi>1 intangible yet vivid reality4 ,b ^! ?+s1 x may be said1 are poetry1 ! efflu5ce ( "s div9e mom5t ( life1 ! record ( "s un=gettable ?rill ( blood & bra94 ,comp>e1 !n1 ! acc\nt ( a *ildbir? 9 8,anna ,k>59a0 7!re is an e>li] & less successful attempt 9 8,w> & ,peace07 ) a simil> sc5e :i* is ! c5tral episode 9 ,zola's 8,la ,joie de ,vivre40 ,! latt]1 d\btless1 is in/ructive f its fidelity2 e petty detail is coldly & m9utely set =?4 ,its arti/ic value is difficult to e/imate2 x c sc>cely be l>ge4 ,zola pres5ts ! subject f ! po9t ( view ( a dis9t]e/$ & impossible spectator2 9 ,tol/oi's sc5e we h frankly ! husb&'s po9t ( view4 ,!re is no room "h = in/ructive demon/ration ( ! me*anism ( bir?1 ( all its physical details & mis]ies4 ,x is real life1 b at su* a mom5t real life is excitem5t1 emotion1 & ! result is art4 ,:at1 aga91 c be m unpromis+ ?an a novel ab\t a remote hi/orical w>8 ,b read 8,w> & ,peace0 to see h[ lifelike1 h[ vivid & fasc9at+1 ! n>rative becomes 9 ! h&s ( a man :o has kn[n ! life ( a soldi] & all ! *ances ( w>4 ,tol/oi is n alone among ,russian noveli/s 9 ! "* ( 8 realism4 ,gogol's 8,dead ,s\ls0 has some?+ ( ! :olesome naturalism z well z ( ! broad art & ! good-natur$ satire ( ,field+4 ,he is p]petually insi/+ on ! importance to ! arti/ ( ^? 8little ?+s :i* only seem little :5 n>rat$ 9 a book1 b :i* "o f9ds v important 9 actual life40 ,9 8 lett]s on 8,dead ,s\ls0 ,gogol wrote3 8,^? :o h dissect$ my lit]>y faculties h n discov]$ ! ess5tial feature ( my nature4 ,p\%k9 alone p]ceiv$ x4 ,he always said t no au?or has be5 gift$ l me to br+ into relief ! triviality ( life1 to describe all ! platitude ( a commonplace man1 to make p]ceptible to all eyes ! inf9itely little ?+s :i* escape our vision4 ,t is my dom9at+ faculty40 ,t\rgu5eff decl>$ t ! novel mu/ ca/ aside all hypocrisy1 s5tim5tality1 & rhetoric = ! simple yet nobl] aim ( becom+ ! hi/ory ( life4 ,do/oieffski1 t t5d]-he>t$ /ud5t ( ! p]v]sities ( ! human he>t1 s fai?ful 9 8 /udies t he sometimes seems to =get h[ great an arti/ he is1 ju/ifies himself ?us3 8,:at is ! good ( prescrib+ to art ! roads t x mu/ foll[8 ,to d s is to d\bt art1 :i* develops normally1 accord+ to ! laws ( nature1 & mu/ be exclusively occupi$ 9 respond+ to human ne$s4 ,art has always %[n itself fai?ful to nature1 & has m>*$ ) social progress4 ,! ideal ( beauty _c p]i% 9 a heal?y society2 we mu/ !n give lib]ty to art1 & leave h] to h]self4 ,h confid5ce 9 h]2 %e w rea* h] end1 & if %e /rays f ! way %e w soon rea* x aga92 society itself w be ! guide4 ,no s+le arti/1 n ,%akespe>e himself1 c prescribe to art h] roads & aims40 ,tol/oi b foll[$ 9 ! same pa? :51 9 "o ( ! e>lie/ ( 8 books1 ! 8,seba/opol ,sket*es10 he wrote3 8,! h]o ( my tale1 :om ,i love ) all ! /r5g? ( my s\l1 :om ,i h tri$ to set =? 9 all 8 beauty1 & :o has always be51 is1 & always w be1 mo/ beautiful1 is--,tru?40 ,x is1 aft] all1 impossible to dis5tangle ,tol/oi's art f ! man himself & ! ideas & aspirations t h /irr$ him4 ,:5 we consid] 8 hi/ory & developm5t we are sometimes rem9d$ ( our own ,william ,morris4 ,!y are bo? m5 ( massive & sangu9e temp]am5t1 ( re/less en]gy1 grop+ _! way ?r\gh life ) a vague s5se ( dissatisfaction2 bo? pure arti/s ?r\gh ! great] "p ( _! c>e]1 & bo? arti/s /ill1 :5 late 9 life1 & "u ! influ5ce ( r sect>ian ideas1 !y ?9k t !y h at l5g? grasp$ ! pill>s ( ! hea!n temple ( society 9 :i* !y h s long be5 grop+1 & are ready to wreak on x ! p5t-up unre/ ( _! lives4 ,b !y g to "w 9 n q ! same way4 ,bo?1 x is true1 hav+ app>5tly pass$ ?r\gh a v slight religi\s phase 9 e>ly life1 h _h ?is exp]i5ce 9 lat] life1 & 9 bo? x has tak5 on a social "*2 bo?1 also1 h s\ght _! inspiration1 n s mu* 9 a possible future d$uc$ f ! pres5t1 z 9 ! pa/ exp]i5ces ( ! race4 ,tol/oi ) 8 semi-ori5tal quietism has return$ to ! rationali/ic aspects ( ! social tea*+ ( ,jesus4 ,morris1 :o reg>ds ,icel& r ?an ,juda z ! ,holy ,l& ( ! race1 looks to ,sc&9avian antiquity = light on ! problems ( to-day4 ,x is on ! robu/ ,sc&9avian _s ( indep5d5ce & com=table well-to-d intol]ance ( all oppression & dom9ation t ,morris relies = ! r$emption ( 8 own "t & p4 ,s f> f id5tify+ art1 z ,tol/oi is incl9$ to d1 ) ! evil & luxury ( ! _w1 ,morris f9ds 9 art a *ief hope = ! _w4 ,x is n1 !re=e1 surpris+ t 8 art has suff]$ little f ! f]v\r ( 8 convictions1 :ile 8 v>i$ arti/ic activities h giv5 him a :olesome grip on life4 ,8 new beliefs1 on ! o!r h&1 h giv5 new mean+ to 8 art4 ,8 ma/]y ( prose has only be5 acquir$ "u ! /ress ( 8 convictions4 ,x is prose ( massive simplicity1 a morn+ fre%ness1 unconsci\s & ef=tless4 ,!re is ab\t x some?+ ( ! peculi> *>m ( ! f9e/ ,norman ar*itecture4 ,! 8,dream ( ,john ,ball10 a /rong unpret5ti\s piece ( "w1 p5etrat$ at e po9t by pr(\nd social convictions1 yet ) ! arti/'s t\* ?r\gh\t1 may be read ) a delight :i* ! complex & artificial prose we are accu/om$ to _c give4 ,engl&1 x is said1 is pr$om9antly a ,sc&9avian c\ntry2 ,morris is significant because he gives expression 9 an extreme =m to ! racial in/9cts ( 8 own p1 j z ,tol/oi expresses 9 equally extreme =m ! deepe/ in/9cts ( 8 ,sclavonic race4 ,aga9/ ! 8,dream ( ,john ,ball10 we may place ! "w produc$ at ! same "t by ! ,russian's ke5] & m se>*+ h&1 8,! ,dom9ion ( ,d>kness40 ,?is sombre & awful trag$y is a t]ribly real & m]ciless picture ( ! wor/ elem5ts 9 peasant life1 a picture ( av>ice & lu/ & murd]4 ,only "o pi\s1 /utt]+1 incoh]5t moojik1 ^: employm5t is to clean out closets1 appe>s z ! repres5tative ( m]cy & ju/ice4 ,s ?ick is ! gloom t x seems ! arti/ic effect w\ld h be5 height5$ if ! conclud+ introduction ( ! (fic]s ( an ext]nal & (ficial ju/ice _h be5 omitt$1 & ! curta9 _h fall5 on ! tragic m]rim5t ( ! w$d+ fea/4 ,! same int5se e>ne/ness tak+1 almo/ unconsci\sly1 an arti/ic %ape1 reveals itself 9 ! little /ories ( :i* 9 rec5t ye>s ,tol/oi has produc$ s _m1 "s inde$ comp>atively ineffective1 b o!rs t are a fasc9at+ comb9ation ( simplicity1 realism1 imag9ative insight1 br\ght to ! s]vice ( social ideas4 ,su* is 8,:at m5 live by10 ! /ory ( ! angel :o disobey$ ,god1 & 0 s5t to e>? to le>n t x is only 9 appe>ance t m5 are kept alive ?r\gh c>e = !mselves1 b t 9 reality !y are kept alive ?r\gh love4 ,tol/oi's voice is he>d ?r\gh\t ! va/ ext5t ( ,russia1 n by ! ri* only1 b by ! peasant4 ,t is :y 8 significance is s great4 ,sometimes ! religi\s c5sure prohibits 8 books2 sometimes x all[s !m2 9 ei!r case !y are circulat$4 ,publi%$ at a few halfp5ce1 ^! little books are )9 ! rea* ( ! poore/1 & ,tol/oi gives free p]mission to anyone to reproduce or translate any ( 8 books4 ,8 drama1 8,! ,dom9ion ( ,d>kness1 or :5 a bird lets himself be caught by "o foot he is lo/10 0 int5d$ = ! public :o frequ5t ! op5-air !atres ( fairs1 & eighty ?\s& copies 7 sold dur+ ! fir/ week1 al?\gh c]ta9ly n altoge!r among ! audi5ce he w\ld h pref]r$4 ,! /ories = *ildr5 are circulat$ 9 scores ( editions ( tw5ty ?\s& copies ea*4 ,tol/oi has no?+ to tea* t he has n le>nt f peasants1 & :i* ?\s&s ( peasants might n h taught him4 ,he has us$ 8 "* & g5ius z a s\nd+-bo>d to enable 8 voice to rea* millions ( p]sons1 _m ( :om1 ev5 ! mo/ intellig5t1 are n aw>e t he is b repeat+ ! lessons he has le>nt f unlett]$ moojiks4 ,n[ 8 voice has rea*$ ! c\ntries ( ! ,we/1 & x s\nds "h f> m unfamili> ?an 9 a l& s /irr$ by popul> religi\s movem5ts z ,russia4 8,my ,religion10 t p[]ful argum5t ad hom9em to ! ,*ri/ian f "o :o accepts bo? ! lett] & ! _s ( ,jesus's simple/ & lea/ que/ionable tea*+1 has _h an especially l>ge circulation 9 ! ,we/4 ,su* a *all5ge has nev] be=e be5 scatt]$ broadca/ among ! nations4 ,:at1 "o wond]s1 w be ! outcome8 ,to mo/ p ! simplicity ( ! *all5g] is a cause ( a/oni%m5t4 ,aft] ! assass9ation ( ,alex&] ,,ii4 & ! s5t5ce on ! assass9s1 ,tol/oi wrote to ! pres5t ,tz> implor+ him n to beg9 8 reign ) judicial murd]1 & he 0 deeply & g5u9ely disappo9t$ at ! inevitable reception ( 8 appeal4 ,c\nt ,tol/oi1 ! au?or ( 8,w> & ,peace0 & 8,anna ,k>59a10 made ! same mi/ake z ! simple peasant ,s\taieff4 ,t little incid5t ?r[s mu* light on 8 m5tal con/itution4 ,x is ! attitude ( a *ild1 absorb$ :olly 9 "o ?+ at a "t1 unable to calculate ! nature & ! /r5g? ( oppos+ =ces4 ,x is ! same fact ( m5tal /ructure :i* leads ! _w-r5[n$ noveli/ to delight to le>n f *ildr51 to be mortifi$ :5 !y d n l 8 /ories1 & to exp]i5ce "o ( ! greate/ excitem5ts ( life :5 he ?9ks he detects ! dawn ( g5ius 9 a *ild ( t54 ,! same *>act]i/ic appe>s 9 8 treatm5t ( sci5ce4 ,he _h he>d1 he told ,mr4 ,k5nan1 t a ,russian sci5ti/ _h completely demoli%$ ! ,d>w9ian !ory4 ,9 8,life10 "o ( 8 late/ books1 ?is t5d5cy has c>ri$ him f> away into a /]ile & hopeless region ( my/ical phraseology4 ,he dismisses sci5tific m5 briefly z ! ,scribes4 ,x has n occurr$ to him app>5tly t ?is book1 8,life10 is a book ( sci5ce4 ,&1 c]ta9ly1 if sci5ce c\ld produce no?+ bett] ?an 8,life10 ! language t ,tol/oi uses reg>d+ x 7 n "o :it too /rong4 ,?is *ildlike simplicity is n peculi> to ,tol/oi2 x is m or less ! attitude ( e true ,russian1 ( ! peasant :o sets up ! k+dom ( ,heav51 z ( ! ,nihili/ :o ?9ks he c emancipate 8 c\ntry by de/roy+ a few ,tz>s4 ,x is a weakness t mu/ (t5 mean failure because x _c e/imate ! /r5g? ( difficulties4 ,at ! same "t x is a p[]4 ,x is by ?is int5se conc5tration on "o desir$ object1 ?is h]oic inability to see opposition1 t ! highe/ a*ievem5t becomes possible4 ,:atev] ,tol/oi's limitations & failures ( p]ception1 ^? ?+s :i* he believes he has se5 he grasps ) inexorable t5acity4 ,! viol5ce & mis]y ( ! _w--t is a reality2 a reality1 he feels1 :i* mu/ be f\ght at all co/s4 ,mr4 ,k5nan tells h[ he press$ home on ,tol/oi ! cases ( extreme brutality & oppression t he _h kn[n practis$ on political prison]s 9 ,sib]ia1 & h[1 ?\gh ,tol/oi's eyes fill$ ) te>s z he imag9$ ! horrors describ$1 he /ill po9t$ out 9 detail h[1 by oppos+ viol5ce to viol5ce 9 ! cases cit$1 ! mis]y ( ! _w w\ld be increas$3 8,at ! "t :5 y int]pos$ !re 0 only "o c5tre ( evil & suff]+4 ,by y\r viol5t int]f]5ce y h creat$ half-a-doz5 su* c5tres4 ,x does n seem to me1 ,mr4 ,k5nan1 t t is ! way to br+ ab\t ! reign ( peace & good-w on e>?40#ab #ab ,see ! int]e/+ pap]1 8,a ,visit to ,c\nt ,tol/oi10 9 8,c5tury10 ,june1 #ahhg4 ,tol/oi possesses t social imag9ation :i*1 ?\gh gr[+ among u1 is /ill s r>e4 ,if at ! d9n] :]e *e]ful gue/s prolong _! enjoym5t1 !re 7 plac$ beh9d ea* *air a />v$1 ragg$ figure1 ) hagg>d & haunt+ face--w\ld n ! meal be brok5 up z spe$ily z if e gue/ _h f\nd ! sword ( ,dionysius hang+ by a ?read above 8 head8 ,yet x is only a lack ( imag9ation :i* prev5ts u f see+ ?r\gh ! few lay]s ( bricks t scre5 u (f f ^! realities4 ,= him :o has se5 x !re is little re/1 8s long z ,i h sup]flu\s food & ano!r has none1 s long z ,i h two coats & ano!r has none40 ,) te>s 9 8 voice1 & 9 words ^: int5se reality pi]ces ?r\gh ! translation1 ?\gh ?is1 we are told1 _c reproduce ! graphic vividness ( ! orig9al1 ,tol/oi speaks to u ?r\gh 8 life & 8 "w z he once spoke to ! int]view] :o came to him3 8,p say to me1 #8,well1 ,lef ,nikolaivit*1 z f> z prea*+ goes1 y prea*2 b h[ ab\t y\r practice8' ,! "q is a p]fectly natural "o2 x is always put to me1 & x always %uts my m\?4 #8,y prea*1' x is said1 #8b h[ d y live8' ,i c only reply t ,i d n prea*--passionately z ,i desire to d s4 ,i might prea* ?r\gh my actions1 b my actions are bad4 ,t :i* ,i say is n prea*+2 x is only my attempt to f9d out ! mean+ & ! significance ( life4 ,p (t5 say to me1 #8,if y ?9k t !re is no reasonable life outside ! tea*+s ( ,*ri/1 & if y love a reasonable life1 :y d y n fulfil ! ,*ri/ian precepts8' ,i am guilty & blamewor?y & contemptible because ,i d n fulfil !m2 b at ! same "t ,i say1--n 9 ju/ification1 b 9 explanation1 ( my inconsi/5cy1--,comp>e my previ\s life ) ! life ,i am n[ liv+1 & y w see t ,i am try+ to fulfil4 ,i h n1 x is true1 fulfill$ "o eighty-?\s&? "p1 & ,i am to blame = x2 b x is n because ,i d n wi% to fulfil all1 b because ,i am unable4 ,tea* me h[ to extricate myself f ! me%es ( temptation 9 :i* ,i am entangl$1--help me1--& ,i w fulfil all4 ,i wi% & hope to d x ev5 )\t help4 ,condemn me if y *oose1--,i d t myself1--b condemn me1 & n ! pa? :i* ,i am foll[+1 & :i* ,i po9t out to ^? :o ask me :]e1 9 my op9ion1 ! pa? is4 ,if ,i "k ! road home1 & if ,i g along x drunk1 & /agg]+ f side to side1 does t prove t ! road is n ! "r "o8 ,if x is n ! "r "o1 %[ me ano!r4 ,if ,i /agg] & w&]1 come to my help1 & support & guide me 9 ! "r pa?4 ,d n y\rselves confuse & mislead me & !n rejoice ov] x & cry1 #8,look at him6 ,he says he is go+ home1 & he is fl\nd]+ into ! swamp6' ,y are n evil spirits f ! swamp2 y are also human be+s1 & y also are go+ home4 ,y "k t ,i am alone1--y "k t ,i _c wi% or int5d to g into ! swamp1--!n help me6 ,my he>t is break+ ) despair because we h all lo/ ! road2 & :ile ,i /ruggle ) all my /r5g? to f9d x & keep 9 x1 y1 in/ead ( pity+ me :5 ,i g a/ray1 cry triumphantly1 #8,see6 ,he is 9 ! swamp ) u6'0 ,,conclusion4 ,tol/oi br+s u face to face ) religion4 ,if we ?9k ( x1 e p]sonality we h consid]$ has br\ght u subtly 9 contact ) t ineluctable %ape4 ,x is /range3 m5 seek to be1 or to seem1 a!i/s1 agno/ics1 cynics1 pessimi/s2 at ! core ( all ^! ?+s lurks religion4 ,we may f9d x 9 ,did]ot's mighty en?usiasm1 9 ,he9e's passionate cries1 9 ,ibs5's gigantic fai? 9 ! future1 9 ,:itman's n less gigantic fai? 9 ! pres5t4 ,we see ! same 9 ! music-dramas ( ,wagn]1 9 ,zola's pa!tic belief 9 a =mula1 9 ,morris's wor%ip ( an ideal pa/1 9 ! aspirations ( e ,sociali/ :o looks = ! return ( ^? b>b>\s times 9 :i* all m5 equally 7 f$ & clo!d & h\s$4 ,! m5 :o h mo/ f9ely felt ! pulse ( ! _w1 & h1 9 _! turn1 mo/ effectively /irr$ its pulse1 are religi\s m54 ,"o is =c$ to ask oneself at la/3 ,h[ c ,i make cle> to myself ?is va/ & _m-%ap$ religi\s elem5t ( life8 ,x w n let me pass x by4 ,c ,i--)\t any attempt to !orize or to expla9--r$uce x to "s common d5om9ator1 s t ,i may at lea/ ga9 ! satisfaction t comes ( ! cle> & h>moni\s pres5tation ( a complex fact8 ,:5 we h settl$ ! "q ( ! evolution ( religion1 ano!r m fundam5tal "q may /ill be ask$3 ,:at is ! nature ( ! impulse t und]lies1 & manife/s itself 91 t sun-wor%ip1 nature-wor%ip1 feti*-wor%ip1 gho/-wor%ip1 to :i*1 ) occasional appeal to ! va/ res]voir ( sexual & filial love1 we may succe$ 9 r$uc+ religi\s ph5om5a8 ,on ! "o h&1 ?is impulse mu/ beg9 to develop at lea/ z e>ly z ! e>lie/ appe>ance ( wor%ip2 on ! o!r h&1 we _c asc]ta9 its di/9ctive *>act]s unless we also exam9e & comp>e its m specializ$ =ms4 ,:at is !re 9 common betwe5 ! religi\s attitude ( ! *ild ( to-day1 enfran*iz$ f cre$s1 & t (1 let u say1 ,lo-tsze1 ! *ild ( a day t is tw5ty-five c5turies old2 or betwe5 ^! & ! f> m primitive adoration ( ! ,dravidian = 8 cattle8 ,if ! vague t]m 8religion10 :i*1 z commonly us$1 conta9s at lea/ ?ree elem5ts--moral1 sci5tific1 emotional--cov]s any di/9ct & p]si/5t human impulse1 :at is ! nature & scope ( t impulse8 ,i wi% to repres5t to myself1 z precisely & z broadly z may be1 man's religi\s relation4 ,:5 we look out into ! univ]se we see a va/ m$ium1 ! _w1 gradually m]g+ itself indi/9ctly 9 a practical inf9ite1 & 9 ! c5tre a c]ta9 limit$ numb] ( s\ls1 s\ls l ! !oretical atoms ( ! physici/1 nev] "u any circum/ances t\*+4 ,let two s\ls approa* ev] s ne>ly1 !re is yet a subtle *asm1 ?r\gh :i* 8,! unplumb$1 salt1 e/rang+ sea0 /ill fl[s4 ,^! s\ls are made up ess5tially ( m9d & body4 ,!re c be no *ange ( consci\sness )\t a correspond+ *ange 9 ! vascul> circulation4 ,!re c be no ?rill ( body 9 a s\l )\t a correlat$ ?rill ( m9d4 ,matt] & m9d 9 ! s\l are co-ext5sive4 ,:5 we speak ( ! 8_s0 z rul+ ! body1 or z yield+ to x1 we are1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 us+ a traditional me?od ( spee* :i* _h its orig9 9 a m primitive !ory1 j z we /ill speak ( sun-rise4 ,9 ! s\l ! spiritual c no m be subord9at$ to ! mat]ial1 /rictly speak+1 ?an 9 wat] ! oxyg5 be subord9at$ to ! hydrog54 ,! old dispute = supremacy betwe5 m9d & matt] no long] has any significance4 ,bo? matt] & m9d are 9 ! end equally unkn[n3 exeunt 9 my/]ium4 ,! s\l is born & !n dies4 ,:at d we mean by bir? & dea?8 ,accord+ to ! old ,hebrew conception a _s 0 creat$ out ( no?+ & put into a m\ld ( matt]1 & !n at dea? aga9 pass$ back into no?+4 ,b to-day ?is conception is impossible4 ,ex nihilo nihil fit4 ,x is cle> t bo? ! elem5ts t make up ! s\l mu/ be1 "u "s =m1 equally et]nal4 ,by a m>vell\s cosmic incid5t1 our little planet has brok5 =? into a /range & beautiful effloresc5ce4 ,we rise f ! _w1 :om we are1 on ?is v>iegat$ jet ( organic life1 to fall back aga9 to our true life1 by :atev] unkn[n ways & "u :atev] *ange ( =m1 consci\s1 x may be1 b1 z be=e bir?1 no long] ) any self to be consci\s (1 no long] organic4 ,n[ s\ls1 al?\gh !y always rema9 isolat$1 are act$ ^u by ! _w & by o!r s\ls1 & :5 s act$ ^u !y yield an emotional response4 ,& = ! pres5t purpose ^! actions may be divid$ into two classes1 correspond+ to ! two classes ( sympa!tic n]ve fibres--vaso-con/rictor & vaso-dilator--:i* control ! vascul> sy/em1 ! r\gh] daily contacts ( life1 :i* contract ?\gh !y /r5g!n ! s\l ) _! legacy ( /rong desires & griefs1 & ! incomp>ably r>] contacts at :i* ! s\l = a :ile & 9 v>y+ degrees exp&s ) a glad s5se ( fre$om4 ,z e bodily *ange 9 ! compact$ s\l is correlat$ ) a m5tal *ange1 ^! responses may be spok5 ( indiff]5tly 9 m5tal or mat]ial t]ms4 ,we "k t !y are on ! bodily side vaso-motorial2 t a ?rill ( joy is accompani$ by a *ange 9 art]ial t5sion1 & we c !re=e use ?is expression ( ! "p z ! symbol ( ! :ole4 ,x is ?is enl>g$ dia/ole ( ! s\l t we call religion4 8,! :ole !ory ( ! univ]se is direct$ un]r+ly to "o s+le individual1--namely1 to ,y40 ,f ! religi\s /&po9t ?is is ess5tially true4 ,! s\l is situat$ at ! c5tre ( ! _w1 expos$ to a practically inf9ite numb] ( appeals1 to :i* x is capable ( yield+ a practically inf9ite numb] ( responses or initiations4 ,e mom5t a /ream ( influ5ces is /rik+ aga9/ ! s\l & produc+ a multitud9\s /ream ( responses1 new /ops gr[+1 z x 71 b5ea? ! play]'s t\*4 ,we "k t = ! mo/ "p ! h>% & j>r+ discords pr$om9ate1 t a s\l t answ]s to ! _w's t\* ) a music t is ev] l>ge & h>moni\s1 is s r>e t we call x by "s div9e ideal ^w4 ,yet ! field ( ! s\l's lib]ation is a l>ge "o1 :e!r we look at x on ! physical or on ! m5tal side4 ,! simple/ functions ( physiological life may be its m9i/]s4 ,ev]yone :o is at all acqua9t$ ) ! ,p]sian my/ics1 kn[s h[ w9e may be reg>d$ z an in/rum5t ( religion4 ,inde$1 9 all c\ntries & 9 all ages1 "s =m ( physical enl>gem5t--s++1 danc+1 dr9k+1 sexual excitem5t--has be5 intimately associat$ ) wor%ip4 ,ev5 ! mom5t>y expansion ( ! s\l 9 laught] is1 to h[ev] slight an ext5t1 a religi\s ex]cise4 ,i d n fe> to make ?is ass]tion2 ! expansions ( ! s\l diff] indef9itely 9 volume & quality4 ,if ?is is b a l[ rung ( ! ladd] along :i* pass ! angels ( our gladness1 at ! o!r end is t vision ( div9e self-sacrifice1 s m>k$ 9 ! m highly develop$ religions1 :i* has su/a9$ ?r\gh sorr[ & defeat "s ( ! _w's l(tie/ spirits4 ,!y diff]1 z mu* z we w1 9 degree1 b betwe5 !m :at h9t by :i* to draw a l9e8 ,:5ev] an impulse f ! _w /rikes aga9/ ! organism1 & ! resultant is n discom=t or pa91 n ev5 ! muscul> contraction ( /r5u\s manhood1 b a joy\s expansion or aspiration ( ! :ole s\l--!re is religion4 ,x is ! inf9ite = :i* we hung]1 & we ride gladly on e little wave t promises to be> u t[>ds x4#ac #ac ,x may be said t religion1 z ev5 ! etymology ( ! ^w witnesses1 has be5 a =ce on ! side ( repression4 ,t also is true2 x _c inde$ be too /rongly emphasiz$4 ,only 9 ! /r5g? ( t joy\s expansion c\ld m5 h act$ & suff]$ su* intol]able torture 9 ! s]vice ( religion4 7,x mu/ be rememb]$1 h[ev]1 t 9 c]ta9 /ages ( civilization religion is l>gely id5tifi$ ) morality74 ,x is necess>y to g5]alize f ! mo/ v>i\s & highly specializ$ cases 9 ord] to arrive at a reasonable def9ition4 ,:5 we try to classify ! *ief ( ^! affections ( ! s\l accord+ to ! impulses t ar\se !m1 we f9d t !y may be conv5i5tly divid$ into f\r classes3--7#a47 ,^? caus$ by ! lib]ation ( impulses /or$ up 9 ! s\l4 7#b47 ,^? caus$ by impulses f o!r s\ls4 7#c47 ,^? caus$ by impulses f ! _w1 z di/9ct f s\ls4 7#d47 ,^? caus$ by an intuition ( union ) ! _w4 7#a47 ,"h we are1 above all1 conc]n$ ) art4 ,x is n necess>y "h to di/+ui% betwe5 ! emotion ( ! arti/ & t ( him :o m]ely foll[s ! arti/1 pass+ 8 h& z x 7 ov] ! o!r's "w1 & receiv+1 9 a less degree x may be1 ! same emotion4 ,we are all arti/s pot5tially4 ,! secret ( ! *>m ( art is t x pres5ts to u an ext]nal _w :i* is manife/ly ( l nature ) ! s\l4 8,non m]ita nome di ,creatore10 accord+ to ,tasso's say+1 8se non ,iddio ed il ,poeta40 ,! "w ( art--poem1 /atue1 music--succe$s 9 be+ :at e philosophy attempts to be4 ,nei!r *ange nor dea? c t\* x2 also x is immeasurable2 we feel t we are 9 ! pres5ce ( ! inf9ite4 ,no art has ev] succe$$ 9 embody+ ^? visions ( ! inf9ite :i* are commonly reg>d$ z specifically religi\s--s t ev5 to-day we respond ) a ?rill ( dilatation--z ! old fragm5t>y art ( ,egypt 9 ! ru9$ temples ( ! ,!baid4 ,greek art1 also1 is a manife/ation ( ! inf9ite2 we may lose ourselves among ^? subtle curves ( man's or woman's body4 ,a ,go?ic ca!dral ( ! ?irte5? c5tury is an embodim5t ( ! inf9ite _w itself4 ,! s\l responds expansively to all ^! ?+s4 ,:5 t response is want+1 & ! art !re=e1 h[ev] int]e/+1 is n religi\s--z 9 ! art ( ,pompeii & ! ,italian po/-,raphaelite art--x w g5]ally be f\nd te*nically inf]ior4 ,! subject1 "o may note1 has little or no?+ to d ) ! matt]4 ,a repres5tation ( ,god ! ,fa!r r>ely evokes any religi\s response4 ,de ,hooge1 by means ( m]e sunlight & ! rubbi% ( a back-y>d1 awakes 9 u an enl>g+ ?rill ( joy4 ,9 music ! mo/ indef9ite & pr(\nd my/]ies ( ! s\l are reveal$ & plac$ outside u z a graci\s & m>vell\s orb2 ! v secret ( ! s\l is br\ght =? & set 9 ! audible _w4 ,t is :y no o!r art smites u ) s p[]fully religi\s an appeal z music2 no o!r art tells u su* old =gott5 secrets ab\t ourselves4 8,o6 :at is ?is t kn[s ! road ,i came80 ,x is 9 ! mightie/ ( all in/9cts1 ! primitive sexual traditions ( ! races be=e man 01 t music is root$4 ,!re are p]haps two in/9cts1 a motor & a s5sory1 ly+ at ! bottom ( art & ! delight 9 art4 ,all ! con/ructive in/9cts ( liv+ ?+s1 f bees & ants & worms & birds upw>ds1 h gone to m\ld our delight 9 ! fa%ion+ ( a :ole1 & 9 ! contemplation ( its fa%ion4 ,! same process 0 c>ri$ on into human life4 ,! primitive pott] :o took clay & wr\ght ) h] h&s1 & d9t$ ) h] nails1 ! cup or pot or j>1 wr\ght x ?r\gh long ages ev] m lovely & p]fect1 embody+ !re9 all t %e knew ( ! e>?'s uses & saw ( its beauty1 & by a true in/9ct %e call$ h] "w a liv+ creature4 ,! baskets t e>ly m5 wove1 & ! weapons t !y c>v$ = !mselves1 & _! rhy?mical cries 9 w>-dance or wor%ip1 are "p ( a *a9 t pres5ts itself aga9 9 ,go?ic ca!drals or ,greek & ,elizabe?an dramas4 ,ev5 /rong] ?an ?is motor in/9ct ( art is ! s5sory delight 9 beauty :i* has its root 9 ! attraction ( sex4 ,n inde$ ! only root2 all ! ?+s 9 ! _w t give light & heat & food & %elt] & help ga!r ar\nd !mselves "s g>m5t ( lovel9ess1 & s become ! /uff ( art2 ! sun & ! re9de] are among ! v fir/ ?+s to :i* m5 tri$ to give arti/ic expression4 ,b ! sexual in/9ct is m poignant & ov]ma/]+1 m anci5t ?an any z a s\rce ( beauty4 ,col\r & song & /r5g? & skill--su* are ! impressions t male & female h grav$ on ea* o!r's he>ts 9 _! mom5ts ( mo/ int5se emotional exaltation4 ,_! reflections h be5 ?r[n on ! :ole _w4 ,:5 ! y\? awakes to f9d a woman is beautiful1 he f9ds1 to 8 amazem5t1 t ! _w also is beautiful4 ,:o c say 9 :at l[ly organism 0 /or$ ! fir/ ( ^? impressions ( beauty1 ! reflections ( sexual emotion1 to :i* all creators ( beauty--:e!r 9 ! =m ( ! ,v5us ( ,milo1 ! ,madonna di ,san ,si/o1 ,*op9's music1 ,%elley's lyrics--c always appeal1 c]ta9 ( response8 ,"o might "n f9ally z ! highe/1 mo/ complex summit ( art rea*$ 9 our own "t--a summit on :i* art is reveal$ 9 its supreme religi\s =m--,wagn]'s 8,p>sifal40 ,^! ?+s sprang f love1 z surely z ! _w w\ld h be5 wellnigh b>r5 ( beauty _h ! sexual me?od ( reproduction nev] replac$ all o!rs4 ,beauty is ! *ild ( love2 ! _w1 at lea/ all 9 x wor? liv+ =1 0 ! creation ( love4 ,yet ano!r art1 m subtle & complex1 has play$ a l>ge "p 9 ! hi/ory ( religion--! art ( metaphysic4 ,! savage f9ds religi\s gratification 9 ! ex]cise ( 8 co>s] s5ses1 9 s++ or danc+ or dr9k+2 ! man ( l>ge & ref9$ intellectual developm5t1 a ,plato1 a ,sp9oza1 a ,kant1 f9ds x 9 philosophy4 ,su* m51 inde$1 are few1 b by =ce ( intellig5ce !y h be5 enabl$ to ?ru/ _! pictures ( ! _w on inf]ior m9ds2 _! arts h become articles4 ,b e man :o has rea*$ ! /age ( developm5t 9 :i* he c truly exp]i5ce ! joy ( ! philosophic emotion w con/ruct 8 own philosophy4 ,a philosophy is ! h\se ( ! m9d1 & no two philosophies c be alike because no two m9ds are alike4 ,b ! emotion is ! same1 ! emotion ( expansive joy 9 a h\se n built ) h&s1 9 :i* ! s\l has made = h]self a l>ge & h>moni\s dwell+4 7#b47 ,x is true t s\ls rema9 = ev] ap>t4 ,! lov] seeks to be absorb$ altoge!r 9 ! heav5 ( ! lov$ p]sonality1 b 9 ! end ! heav5 rema9s unseal$4 8,adfigunt avide corpus junguntque salivas oris et inspirant pressantes d5tibus ora1 nequiquam40 ,& yet a l>ge or lovely p]sonality is n ! less an outlook t[>ds ! inf9ite4 ,we _c ?9k ( c]ta9 m5 ( imm5se range or p[] or sweetness--,/4 ,francis1 ,leon>do1 ,napoleon1 ,d>w9--)\t exp]i5c+ a movem5t ( lib]ation4 ,to pron\nce ! names ( su* m5 is ( ! nature ( an act ( wor%ip4 ,i _c = a mom5t ?9k ( ,%akespe>e )\t a ?rill ( exultation at su* graci\s pl5itude ( p[]4 ,no p]son1 probably1 ev] made s ard5t a p]sonal appeal to m5 z ,jesus4 ,he discov]$ a :ole new _w ( emotional life1 a new expansion ( joy1 a k+dom 9 :i* slave & h>lot took prec$5ce ( prie/ & k+4 ,to ! m5 = :om t new emotional _w 0 fre% & liv+1 torture & %ame & dea? c\nt$ z no?+ beside s l>ge a possession ( inw>d gladness4 ,! weake/ & l[e/ became h]oes & sa9ts 9 ! ef=t to gu>d a pe>l ( s great price4 ,!re are few m inspir+ figures 9 ! hi/ory ( man ?an ! :ite body ( ! slave-girl ,bl&9a1 t hung f ! /ake day aft] day ) ! bea/s 9 ! amphi!atre at ,lyons1 torn & ble$+1 yet1 in/> g5]osi cujusdam a?let1 ) ! undy+ cry on h] lips1 ,*ri/iana sum6 ,x is op5 to ev]yone to give lib]at+ impulses to 8 fell[s4 ,x is ! di/9ction ( ,jesus t he has1 = u1 p]man5tly exp&$ ! b\nds ( individuality4 ,we all brea! deep] & fre] because ( t semi-ideal c>p5t]'s son4 8,fiat exp]im5tum 9 corpore vili10 said ! physician 9 ! old /ory1 by ! b$side ( a wret*$ pati5t4 8,non e/ corpus tam vile pro quo mortuus e/ ,*ri/us10 unexpect$ly return$ ! dy+ man4 ,! *>m ( ,jesus c nev] pass away :5 x is rightly appreh5d$4 ,b x is n alone ! l>ge my/]y ( exceptional p]sonalities :i* calls out ?is response4 ,to c]ta9 f9ely-temp]$ spirits no human ?+ is too mean to fail 9 mak+ ?is emotional appeal4 ,! *ief religi\s significance ( ,walt ,:itman lies 9 8 revelation ( ! emotional value ( ! entire common human p]sonality & all t belongs to x4 ,! lat] ,a!nians 7z also ,goe!7 plac$ above all ?+s ! h>moni\s developm5t ( ! individual 9 its high] =ms4 ,x /ill rema9$ to %[ ! lovel9ess ( ! complete ord9>y p]sonality4 ,:itman's 8,song ( ,myself0 _c 9 ?is respect be ov]-e/imat$4#ad #ad ,! late ,william ,cyples1 9 8 *>m+ & neglect$ magnum opus1 8,! ,process ( ,human ,exp]i5ce0 7p4 #dfb71 rightly traces ?is =m ( religion to ! feel+ g5]at$ betwe5 lov]s1 fri5ds1 p>5t & *ildr54 8,a few h at int]vals walk$ 9 ! _w10 he adds1 8:o h1 ea* 9 8 own orig9al way1 f\nd out ?is m>vel 444 x has prov$ suffici5t = !m ev5 to wi% en\gh to help _! race2 in/antly ^! secret delights h ris5 9 _! he>ts4 ,/raightway man 9 g5]al has become to !m s sweet a ?+ t ! infatuation has seem$ to ! re/ ( _! fell[s to be a cele/ial madness4 ,begg>s' rags to _! unhesitat+ lips grew fit = kiss+1 because humanity _h t\*$ ! g>b2 !re 7 no long] any m5ial acts1 b only welcome s]vices4 ,x 0 ! humble/1 ! easie/1 ! readie/ ( duties to lay d[n life = ! ignorant1 ! ill-behav$1 ! unk9d1--= any & all :o did b we> ! famili> human %ape4 ,t ?is ec/asy ( humanity %\ld rise s mu* high] ?an any o!r is accord+ to ! pla9 work+ ( ! law ( accumulation ( f9] consci\sness by complexity 9 ! occasion+ activity4 ,rememb] by h[ mu* man is ! subtle/ circum/ance 9 ! _w2 at h[ _m po9ts he c atta* relation%ips2 h[ manifold & p]5nial he is 9 8 results4 ,all o!r ?+s are dull1 meagre1 tame beside him4 ,if ! mo/ "p ( u are only z dross to "o ano!r1 9 place ( be+ ( ?is priceless value1 x c only be f ! lack ( mutual s]vices among u4 ,)\t ^! h[ c we b want suffici5t adaptiv5ess ( mood1--h[ c we help groan+ "u ! weight ( in/9cts half organiz$ or :olly unfulfill$80 7#c47 ,!re is a religion ( sci5ce4 ,x is r>] ?an has sometimes be5 suppos$1 & among m5 ( sci5ce1 probably1 x is seldom f\nd4 ,/rauss's 8,old ,fai? & ,new0 is "o ( ! *ief attempts by a man ( sci5ce to pres5t ! sci5tific attitude z food = ! religi\s consci\sness4 ,! result is dre>y 9 ! extreme1 9 ! end almo/ ludicr\s4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]'s attitude t[>ds ! ,unkn[able is a di/9ct ?\gh fa9t approximation to ! religi\s relation%ip4 ,positivism1 ) its quasi-sci5tific notions1 0 f\nd$ on a curi\sly n>r[ conception ( ! nature ( religion1 & its religi\s /]ility is probably inevitable4 ,! man ( sci5ce has little to d ) magnific5t g5]alizations2 he is conc]n$ *iefly ) ! pati5t inve/igation ( details2 x is b r>ely t he feels call$ ^u1 l ,kepl] or ,newton1 = any emotional response to ! gr&eur & uni=mity ( law4 ,yet to _m ?is vision ( univ]sal law has come z a light mov+ ov] *aos1 a glad new discov]y ( ! va/ness & yet ! homel9ess ( ! _w4 ,an /hetic emotion is n necess>ily religi\s1 ev5 )9 ! field ( inanimate nature4 ,s also ! elusive t9ts1 ! subtle p]fumes ( ?+s1 s f> f lib]at+ ! s\l1 may excite a torm5t+ desire to grasp & appropriate :at is s lovely & s intangible4 ,/ill1 !re is a di/9ct class ( emotions ar\s$ by nature :i* is ( ! religi\s ord]4 ,a l>ge expanse ( air or sea or undulat+ l&1 or ! placid inf9ity ( ! />-lit sky1 seems necess>y to imp>t t enl>g+ & pacify+ s5se ( nature alike to poets & peasants4 ,"s sight or s\nd ( nature1 ei!r habitually1 or "u "s special conditions 9 ! p]cipi5t1 may /rike ^u ! s\l & lib]ate x at once f ! bonds ( commonplace actuality4 ,p]haps no mod]n man has bett] express$ ! religi\s aspects ( nature ?an ,?oreau4 ,( ! ,am]ican wood-?ru% ,?oreau c r>ely speak )\t us+ ! language ( religion4 8,all t 0 ripe/ & faire/ 9 ! wild]ness & ! wild man is pres]v$ & transmitt$ to u 9 ! /ra9 ( ! wood-?ru%4444 ,:5ev] a man he>s x1 he is "y1 & ,nature is 9 h] spr+4 ,:]ev] he he>s x1 !re is a new _w & a free c\ntry1 & ! gates ( heav5 are n %ut aga9/ him4 ,mo/ o!r birds s+1 f ! level ( my ord9>y *e]ful h\rs1 a c>ol1 b ?is bird nev] fails to speak to me out ( an e!r pur] ?an t ,i brea!1 ( immortal vig\r & beauty40 ,g5]ally1 h[ev]1 ?is emotion appe>s to be associat$1 n s mu* ) isolat$ beautiful objects1 z ) great vi/as 9 :i* beauty may sc>cely inh]e-- 8all wa/e ,& solit>y places2 :]e we ta/e ,! pleasure ( believ+ :at we see ,is b\ndless1 z we wi% our s\ls to be40 ,x is inde$ myself t ,i unconsci\sly project into ! l>ge & sil5t _w ar\nd me2 ! exhil>ation ,i feel is a glad s5se ( ! va/ new b\nds ( my nature4 ,t is :y1 at ! appe>ance ( ano!r human be+1 ,i s9k back imm$iately into ! limits ( my own normal individuality4 ,i am no long] cont]m9\s ) ! _w ar\nd me2 ,i _c absorb or control ano!r individuality l my own4 ,i become a self-consci\s human be+ 9 ! pres5ce ( ano!r self-consci\s human be+4 7#d47 ,! supreme expression ( ! religi\s consci\sness lies always 9 an intuition ( union ) ! _w1 "u :atev] ab/ract or concrete names ! inf9ite n-self may be hidd54 ,! p]petual annunciation ( ?is union has ev] be5 ! *ief gladness ( life4 ,x comes 9 ! guise ( a ( egoism1 a complete r5unciation ( ! limits ( individuality--( all ! desires & aims t seem to conv]ge 9 ! s+le p]sonality--& a joy\s acceptance ( :at has g5]ally seem$ an imm5se ext]nal ,w1 n[ fir/ dimly or cle>ly realiz$4 ,9 e age ?is intuition has f\nd voice--voice t has (t5 gr[n wild & incoh]5t ) ! torr5t ( expansive emotion t impell$ x4 ,x is ?is intuition :i* is ! 8empt9ess0 ( ,lo-tsze1 ! fre$om f all aims t c5tre 9 self3 8,x is only by do+ no?+ t ! k+dom c be made "o's own40 ,?is is ! great good news ( ! ,upani%ads3 ! tman1 ! s\l1 may atta9 to a /ate ( yoga1 ( union1 ) ! supreme tman2 free1 h5ce=?1 f d\bts & desires :i* pass ov] x z wat] passes ov] ! leaf ( ! lotus )\t wett+ x2 act+1 h5ce=?1 only z acts ! pott]'s :eel :5 ! pott] has ceas$ to turn x3 8,if ,i "k t my own body is n m9e1 & yet t ! :ole e>? is m9e1 & aga9 t x is bo? m9e & ?9e--no h>m c happ5 !n40 ,! ,buddhi/'s ,nirvana1 :e!r int]pret$ z a /ate to be atta9$ be=e or aft] dea?1 has ! same *>m2 x op5s up ! k+dom ( ! ,univ]se to man2 x (f]s to ! f9ite a home 9 ! inf9ite4 ,?is is ! great ass]tion ( ,*ri/1 8,i & my ,fa!r are "o20 & :5ev] ,*ri/ianity has rea*$ its highe/ expression1 f ,paul's day to our own1 x has b sung ov] aga9 ! old refra9 ( joy at ! 8new bir?0 into et]nal life--! union1 z x is said1 ( ! s\l ?r\gh ,*ri/ ) ,god--a t5d] ,fa!r1 a great su/a9+ ,p[] on :i* ! s\l may re/ & be at peace3 8,e la sua volontade no/ra pace40 ,& t aga9 is b 9 ano!r =m ! ,sufiism ( ,jelal-ed-d9--! my/ic union ( ! human bridegroom ) ! ,div9e ,bride4 ,ev5 ! au/]e ,imp]ial ,/oic becomes lyrical z ?is intuition comes to him3 8,ev]y?+ is h>moni\s ) me :i* is h>moni\s to !e1 ,o ,univ]se60 ,z f> back z we c trace1 ! m5 ( all races1 ea* 9 8 own way & ) 8 own symbols1 h rais$ ?is %\t ( exultation4 ,!re is no l>g] fre$om = man4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x seem$ well to "n at lea/ ! *ief implications conta9$ 9 a broadly g5]aliz$ /atem5t ( man's religi\s relation to ! univ]se4 ,x is important to rememb] t !y are b an individual mode ( repres5tation4 ,i c only say t ,i am consci\s ( myself 9 v>y+ attitudes or relations4 ,! t]ms ( ^? relation%ips1 /at$ ) h[ev] mu* probability1 w ev] rema9 matt] = dispute4 ,moreov]1 v>i\s attitudes reveal v>i\s metaphysical implications4 ,! sci5tific attitude1 = example1 has a s]ies ( implications ( its own4 ,9 its solv5ts all ?+s are analyz$ & atomiz$2 ! 8s\l0 ( our religi\s _w--! va/ pulsat+ c5tre1 at ! bottom ( :i*1 accord+ to ! pr(\nd say+ ( ! old my/ic1 lies t unutt]able sigh :i* we call ,god--is resolv$ into a mom5t>y focus ( ev]-%ift+ rays ( =ce2 x is b an incid5t 9 a huge evolution ( %ift+ =ces :i* we may1 if we l1 p]sonify z ,nature1 b :i*1 none ! less1 we _c conceive z a :ole4 ,! sci5tific attitude has its own implications1 & _! f>-rea*+ significance1 _! imm5se value = ! individual & = ! race1 c sc>cely be ov]rat$4 ,aga91 ! moral attitude is equally di/9ct4 ,! crim9al aft] a successful piece ( villa9y may feel a ?rill ( ec/asy4 ,x is inde$ well kn[n t crim9als 9 e c\ntry are ! *ildr5 ( 7m or less sup]/iti\s7 religion4 ,we may reg>d morality z gr\nd$ 9 ! s5se ( p]sonality1 gradually ext5d+ by imag9ation & sympa?y to e individual4 ,or we may reg>d x z spr++1 9 a s5se ( adhesiv5ess1 f ! family & result+ relation%ips1 & !nce gr[+ into a consci\sness ( ! on5ess ( all human int]e/s1 ! individuals f9d+ !mselves to be1 accord+ to t ,/oic conception :i* has m\ld$ ,european laws & is /ill a leav5+ influ5ce 9 ,european e?ics1 memb]s "o ) ano!r 9 ! same natural body ( humanity4 ,9 any case1 z a moral be+ ! individual f9ds himself dep5d5t on o!r individuals1 & ) a duty1 !re=e1 laid ^u him to live h>moni\sly ) ^? individuals2 !re be+ no response =?com+ to ! dem&s ( 8 own nature unless he also responds to ! dem&s ( o!r natures4 ,religion1 h[ev]1 kn[s no?+ ( ! sci5tific 8nature0 or ( ! e?ical 8man20 its impulse is f )9 & ( free grace4 ,at ! dawn ( civilization1 x is true1 religion & morals are inextricably m+l$2 !y only become dis5tangl$ by a gradual evolution4 ,! ,toda :o reg>ds z sacr$ an anci5t cattle-bell is obey+ an impulse ( adoration ^: f\ndation is1 probably1 l>gely e?ical1 = ! bull is intimately connect$ ) ! beg9n+s ( civilization4 ,a religi\s impulse w sometimes h an e?ical elem5t2 morals w sometimes f9d an ally 9 religion4 ,b religion ) its int]nal crit]ion & morals ) its m ext]nal crit]ion rema9 ess5tially di/9ct1 sometimes antagoni/ic3 8to reject religion10 ,?oreau said1 8is ! fir/ /ep t[>ds moral excell5ce40 ,t is b a puny religion t is bas$ on morals2 on ! o!r h&1 ! morals t re/s on religion w soon] or lat] collapse ) x 9 a common ru94 ,t has be5 too (t5 se54 ,religions *ange3 e man is free to h 8 own1 or to h none4 ,no man1 sc>cely ev5 a ,crusoe1 is free to h no morals1 & ! ideal morality _c widely v>y = any two societies4 ,yet religion _c live nobly )\t sci5ce or )\t morals4 ,x is only by a /r5u\s devotion to sci5ce1 by a p]petual ref]5ce to ! moral /ructure ( life1 t religion--s made consci\s ( its nature & its limits--c be r5d]$ heal?ful4 8,none c usurp ?is height4444 ,b ^? to :om ! mis]ies ( ! _w ,are mis]y1 & w n let !m re/20 s spake ,moneta to ,keats1 among all ,engli% poets ! pure/ arti/4 ,a man takes sides ) religion1 or ) sci5ce1 or ) morals2 (t5] he sp5ds ! brief mom5ts ( 8 exi/5ce 9 self-pres]vation1 fight+ n[ on "o side1 n[ on ! o!r4 ,b = a little :ile we are all[$ to ent] ! h\se ( life & to ga!r ar\nd its fire4 ,:y pull ea* o!r's hair & p9* ea* o!r's arms l naughty *ildr58 ,well w\ld x be to w>m ourselves at ! fire toge!r1 to clasp h&s1 to ga9 all ! joy t comes ( comrade%ip1 be=e we are call$ out1 ea* ( u1 into ! d>k1 alone4 ,! o!r elem5ts fall away f religion1 leav+ ! emotional1 deep] & m fundam5tal ?an ei!r ( ! o!rs2 j z ! bra9 itself is controll$ by ! sympa!tic sy/em :i* outlives x & holds 9 its h&s ! c5tres ( life4 ,t elem5t und]lay ! crude imag9+s ( ! primitive man :o fir/ creat$ a spiritual _w out ( ! /uff ( 8 dreams & 8 primitive delight 9 ! mo/ m>vell\s object he saw1 ! sun1 t z he truly div9$ is ! s\rce n only ( light b ( life2 j z x und]lies also our m complex imag9+s to-day4 ,9 religion1 we are appeal+ n to any n>r[ or sup]ficial elem5t ( ! man1 b to some?+ :i* is m primitive ?an ! intellectual effloresc5ce ( ! bra91 ! c5tral fire ( life itself4 ,our supreme bus9ess 9 life--n z we made x1 b z x 0 made = u :5 ! _w began--is to c>ry & to pass on z we receiv$ x1 or bett]1 ! sacr$ lamp ( organic be+ t we be> )9 u4 ,sci5ce & morals are subs]vi5t to ! reproductive activity2 t is :y !y are s imp]ative4 ,! re/ is :at we w1 play1 art1 consolation--9 "o ^w1 religion4 ,if religion is n sci5ce or morals1 x is ! sum ( ! unfett]$ expansive impulses ( our be+4 ,life has be5 def9$ z1 ev5 physically & *emically1 a t5sion4 ,all our lives long we are /ruggl+ aga9/ t t5sion1 b we c truly escape f x only by escap+ f life itself4 ,religion is ! /ret*+ =? ( our h&s t[>d ! illimitable4 ,x is an intuition ( ! f9al deliv]ance1 a half-way h\se on ! road to t ,city :i* we "n my/]i\sly ,dea?4 ,,! ,,walt] ,,scott ,,press1 ,,newca/le-,,on-,,tyne4 ,,press ,,op9ions ,,on 8,,! ,,new ,,_s40 8,x is easy to dislike 8 book1 x is possible to dislike x furi\sly2 b ! book is s hone/1 s e>ne/1 s /imulat+ 9 its tol]ant b conv9c$ unconv5tionality1 t x claims = itself a l s9c]ity & s]i\sness 9 ! read]4444 ,mr4 ,ellis has produc$ a book :i* w be hotly discuss$1 no d\bt1 = x is no?+ if n initiative1 we might almo/ say revolution>y2 b x is n a book to be disreg>d$4444 ,x has s9c]ity & x has p[]2 & s9c]ity & p[] compel at lea/ att5tion40--,speak]4 8,mr4 ,havelock ,ellis has discov]$ a #8,new ,_s4' ,we h read him ) c>e & pati5ce1 & we %\ld be sorry to describe x2 we only "k t x is n intoxicat+40--,scots ,obs]v]4 8,welcome is w>mly due to ?is fre%1 buoyant1 & s9c]e volume ( essays by ,mr4 ,havelock ,ellis4444 ,!re are p>ts ( ! /udy ( ,he9e :i* are n unwor?y to be nam$--x is high praise--) ,mat!w ,arnold's inimitable pap] ^u t writ]1 a pap] almo/ z classic z ,he9e himself4444 ,! la/ ^w ^u s sugge/ive & f9i%$ a piece ( "w ought to be "o ( ungrudg+ praise40--,academy4 8,mr4 ,c>lyle describ$1 x seems to u1 ,mr4 ,havelock ,ellis himself ) great exactness 9 ! p]son ( a c]ta9 biograph] ( ,voltaire1 #8an inquir+1 hone/-he>t$ "*1 _m ( ^: /atem5ts mu/ h begun to a/oni% ev5 himself4' ,mr4 ,ellis mu/ be v #8inquir+1' = we h seldom met ) "o :o kn[s s _m ?+s t o!r p d n "k40--,a!num4 8,ea* ( ^! essays is a ?or\gh & well-consid]$ piece ( "w1 admirable 9 in=mation1 firm 9 grasp1 /imulat+ 9 /yle1 appreciative 9 matt]1 & ! survey af=d$ is broad4444 ,x is an altoge!r unusual "w1 bo? = its ambition & = its matt]2 x br+s ! read] ne> to "s ( ! m>k$ ideas ( ! "t40--,nation4 8,! po9ts ( ! ,new ,_s are its passion = gett+ ?+s "r 9 ! matt] ( prop]ty & 9 ! matt] ( true human wor?40--,daily ,news4 8,! only coh]5t con/itu5t ( ! ,new ,_s :i* ?is book pr(esses to set =?1 is a vehem5t hatr$1 am\nt+ to a passion1 aga9/ conv5tional unv]acities1 & a det]m9ation t !y %\ld be swept away4444 ,we _c imag9e any?+ ( :i* x c\ld be m necess>y = human nature1 s taught by our ,"l1 to purge itself1 ?an ! ,new ,_s ( ,havelock ,ellis40--,spectator4 8,mr4 ,havelock ,ellis has writt5 an int]e/+ & significant book1 :i* x is q easy to ridicule1 b :i* c]ta9ly des]ves a fair he>+4444 ,app>5tly ^! writ]s are *os5 because !y all agree 9 a hatr$ ( %ams1 9 look+ facts 9 ! face1 & 9 dem&+ provision = ! heal?y satisfaction ( animal wants4444 ,mr4 ,ellis writes ) =ce & insight2 b1 :e!r f brevity or want ( caution1 he leaves ) reg>d to ^! subjects an impression :i* he w\ld probably n himself desire to produce40--,murray's ,magaz9e4 8,! conclud+ *apt]1 :]e9 ,mr4 ,ellis expresses 8 own #8intimate ?\ght & secret emotion1' is "o ( ! be/ utt]ances ( ! ,new ,_s :i* we h ev] read40--,e*o4 8,un volume de haute critique littraire qui rappelle le /yle =t et la m?ode /ricte de ,h5nequ940--,m]cure de ,france4 8,a m fooli%1 un:olesome1 p]v]t$ piece ( s5tim5tal cant we h nev] wa/$ our "t ov]40--,_w4 8,excell5t examples ( appreciative criticism ( an exce$+ly int]e/+ s]ies ( au?ors1 ( :om e "o ought to "k at lea/ z mu* z ,mr4 ,ellis "h tells u s fre%ly & vivaci\sly40--,scotti% ,lead]4 8,we only ref] to ?is unpleasant compilation ( cool impud5ce & effront]y to w>n our read]s aga9/ x40--,dundee ,adv]tis]4 8,beautiful bo? 9 ?\ght & expression4 ,b ,mr4 ,ellis seems to h laid aside altoge!r ! wise re/ra9t :i* *>act]ises 8 volume on #8,! ,crim9al4'444 ,! sci5tific _s1 ( :i* at o!r times he has %[n himself a di/+ui%$ expon5t1 %\ld h prev5t$ him f su* error40--,arbroa? ,h]ald4 8,ard5t1 en?usia/ic1 & eloqu5t40--,bo/on ,lit]>y ,_w4 8,x is n (t5 t ! we>y & he>t-sore review]1 /ruggl+ to keep abrea/ ( ! ,protean outp\r+s ( ! press1 falls 9 ) any?+ s well in=m$1 s ri* 9 ?\ght & sugge/ion z ,! ,new ,_s40--,wit & ,wisdom4 ,,au?oris$ ,,v]sion4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 ,price #fs4 ,,pe] ,,gynt3 ,a ,dramatic ,poem4 ,,by ,,h5rik ,,ibs54 ,,translat$ ,,by ,,william ,,& ,,*>les ,,ar*]4 ,?is ,translation1 ?\gh unrhym$1 pres]ves ?r\gh\t ! v>i\s rhy?ms ( ! orig9al4 8,9 ,br& ! h]o is an embodi$ prote/ aga9/ ! pov]ty ( _s & half-he>t$ness t ,ibs5 rebell$ aga9/ 9 8 c\ntrym54 ,9 ,pe] ,gynt ! h]o is himself ! embodim5t ( t _s4 ,9 ,br& ! fundam5tal anti!sis1 ^u :i*1 z its c5tral !me1 ! drama is con/ruct$1 is ! contra/ betwe5 ! _s ( compromise on ! "o h&1 & ! motto #8ev]y?+ or no?+' on ! o!r4 ,& ,pe] ,gynt is ! v inc>nation ( a compromis+ dread ( decisive committal to any "o c\rse4 ,9 ,br& ! problem ( self-realisation & ! relation ( ! individual to 8 surr\nd+s is obscurely /ruggl+ = recognition1 & 9 ,pe] ,gynt x becomes ! =mal !me ^u :i* all ! fanta/ic v>iations ( ! drama are built up4 ,9 bo? plays alike ! problems ( h]$ity & ! influ5ce ( e>ly surr\nd+s are m ?an t\*$ ^u2 & bo? alike culm9ate 9 ! doctr9e t ! only r$eem+ p[] on e>? or 9 heav5 is ! p[] ( love40--,mr4 ,p4 ,h4 ,,wick/e$4 ,foolscap #hvo1 ,clo?1 ,price #cs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,inspector-,,g5]al 7,or 8,,reviz,r407 ,a ,,russian ,,com$y4 ,,by ,,nikolai ,,vasiliyevi* ,,gogol4 ,translat$ f ! orig9al ,russian1 ) ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,a4 ,a4 ,,sykes1 ,b4,a41 ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,?\gh "o ( ! mo/ brilliant & *>act]i/ic ( ,gogol's works1 & well-kn[n on ! ,cont95t1 ! pres5t is ! fir/ translation ( 8 ,revizr1 or ,inspector-,g5]al1 :i* has appe>$ 9 ,engli%4 ,a satire on ,russian adm9i/rative function>ies1 ! ,revizr is a com$y m>k$ by cont9u\s gaiety & inv5tion1 full ( 8situation10 ea* developm5t ( ! /ory acc5tuat+ ! satire & emphasis+ ! *>act]isation1 ! :ole play be+ in/9ct ) life & int]e/4 ,e "h & !re occurs ! note ( caprice1 ( navet1 ( unexpect$ fancy1 *>act]i/ically ,russian4 ,! pres5t translation w be f\nd to be admirably flu5t1 idiomatic1 & effective4 ,new ,illu/rat$ ,edition4 ,,9 ,,"o ,,volume4 ,,price #cs4 #f;d4 ,,c\nt ,,tol/o',s ,,ma/]piece1 ,,anna ,,k>,,n9a4 ,,) ,,t5 ,,illu/rations ,,by ,,paul ,,fr5z,,ny4 8,z y read on y say1 n1 #8,?is is l life1' b1 #8,?is is life4' ,x has n only ! complexion1 ! v l9e1 ( life1 b its movem5t1 its advances1 its /range pauses1 its seem+ rev]sions to =m] conditions1 & its p]petual *ange1 its app>5t isolations1 its ess5tial solid>ity4 ,x is a _w1 & y live 9 x :ile y read1 & long aft]w>d40--,w4 ,d4 ,h[ells4 ,,compact ,,& ,,practical4 ,9 ,limp ,clo?2 = ! ,pocket4 ,price ,"o ,%ill+4 ,,! ,,european ,,conv]sation ,,books4 ,,fr5*4 ,,italian4 ,,spani%4 ,,g]man4 ,,norwegian4 ,,cont5ts4 ,h9ts to ,travell]s--,ev]yday ,expressions--,arriv+ at & ,leav+ a ,railway ,/ation--,cu/om ,h\se ,enquiries--,9 a ,tra9--,at a ,buffet & ,re/aurant--,at an ,hotel--,pay+ an ,hotel ,bill--,enquiries 9 a ,t[n--,on ,bo>d ,%ip--,emb>k+ & ,disemb>k+--,excursion by ,c>riage--,enquiries z to ,dilig5ces--,enquiries z to ,boats--,engag+ ,ap>tm5ts--,wa%+ ,li/ & ,days ( ,week--,re/aurant ,vocabul>y--,telegrams & ,lett]s1 etc41 etc4 ,! cont5ts ( ^! little h&books are s arrang$ z to p]mit direct & imm$iate ref]5ce4 ,all dialogues or enquiries n consid]$ absolutely ess5tial h be5 purposely exclud$1 no?+ be+ introduc$ :i* might confuse ! travell] r ?an assi/ him4 ,a few h9ts are giv5 9 ! introduction :i* w be f\nd valuable to ^? unaccu/om$ to =eign travel4 ,,! ,,scott ,,libr>y4 ,clo?1 ,uncut ,edges1 ,gilt ,top4 ,price #as4 #f;d4 p] ,volume4 ,,volumes ,,already ,,issu$-- #a ,malory's ,romance ( ,k+ ,ar?ur & ! ,que/ ( ! ,holy ,grail4 ,edit$ by ,erne/ ,rhys4 #b ,?oreau's ,wald54 ,) ,introductory ,note by ,w ,h4 ,dircks4 #c ,?oreau's 8,week40 ,) ,prefatory ,note by ,w ,h4 ,dircks4 #d ,?oreau's ,essays4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,w ,h4 ,dircks4 #e ,confessions ( an ,engli% ,opium-eat]1 ,etc4 ,by ,?omas ,de ,qu9cey4 ,) ,introductory ,note by ,william ,%>p4 #f ,l&or's ,imag9>y ,conv]sations4 ,select$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,havelock ,ellis4 #g ,plut>*'s ,lives 7,langhorne74 ,) ,introductory ,note by ,b4 ,j4 ,snell1 ,m4,a4 #h ,br[ne's ,religio ,m$ici1 ,etc4 ,) ,introduction by ,j4 ,add+ton ,symonds4 #i ,%elley's ,essays & ,lett]s4 ,edit$1 ) ,introductory ,note1 by ,erne/ ,rhys4 #aj ,swift's ,prose ,writ+s4 ,*os5 & ,arrang$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,walt] ,lew94 #aa ,my ,/udy ,w9d[s4 ,by ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,) ,introduction by ,r4 ,g>nett4 ,,ll4 ,d4 #ab ,l[ell's ,essays on ! ,engli% ,poets4 ,) a new ,introduction by ,mr4 ,l[ell4 #ac ,! ,bigl[ ,pap]s4 ,by ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,) a ,prefatory ,note by ,erne/ ,rhys4 #ad ,great ,engli% ,pa9t]s4 ,select$ f ,cunn+ham's ,lives4 ,edit$ by ,william ,%>p4 #ae ,byron's ,lett]s & ,j\rnals4 ,select$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,ma?ilde ,bl9d4 #af ,leigh ,hunt's ,essays4 ,) ,introduction & ,notes by ,ar?ur ,symons4 #ag ,longfell['s 8,hyp]ion10 8,kavanah10 & 8,! ,tr\v]es40 ,) ,introduction by ,w4 ,tirebuck4 #ah ,great ,musical ,compos]s4 ,by ,g4 ,f4 ,f]ris4 ,edit$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,mrs4 ,william ,%>p4 #ai ,! ,m$itations ( ,m>cus ,aurelius4 ,edit$ by ,alice ,zimm]n4 #bj ,! ,tea*+ ( ,epictetus4 ,translat$ f ! ,greek1 ) ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,t4 ,w4 ,rolle/on4 #ba ,selections f ,s5eca4 ,) ,introduction by ,walt] ,clode4 #bb ,specim5 ,days 9 ,am]ica4 ,by ,walt ,:itman4 ,revis$ by ! ,au?or1 ) fre% ,preface4 #bc ,democratic ,vi/as1 & ,o!r ,pap]s4 ,by ,walt ,:itman4 7,publi%$ by arrangem5t ) ! ,au?or47 #bd ,:ite's ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,selborne4 ,) a ,preface by ,ri*>d ,jeff]ies4 #be ,defoe's ,capta9 ,s+leton4 ,edit$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,h4 ,halliday ,sp>l+4 #bf ,mazz9i's ,essays3 ,lit]>y1 ,political1 & ,religi\s4 ,) ,introduction by ,william ,cl>ke4 #bg ,prose ,writ+s ( ,he9e4 ,) ,introduction by ,havelock ,ellis4 #bh ,reynolds's ,disc\rses4 ,) ,introduction by ,hel5 ,zimm]n4 #bi ,pap]s ( ,/eele & ,addison4 ,edit$ by ,walt] ,lew94 #cj ,burns's ,lett]s4 ,select$ & ,arrang$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,j4 ,logie ,rob]tson1 ,m4,a4 #ca ,volsunga ,saga4 ,,william ,,morris4 ,) ,introduction by ,h4 ,h4 ,sp>l+4 #cb ,s>tor ,res>tus4 ,by ,?omas ,c>lyle4 ,) ,introduction by ,erne/ ,rhys4 #cc ,select ,writ+s ( ,em]son4 ,) ,introduction by ,p]cival ,*ubb4 #cd ,autobiography ( ,"l ,h]b]t4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,w ,h4 ,dircks4 #ce ,engli% ,prose1 f ,maundeville to ,?ack]ay4 ,*os5 & ,edit$ by ,ar?ur ,galton4 #cf ,! ,pill>s ( ,society1 & ,o!r ,plays4 ,by ,h5rik ,ibs54 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,havelock ,ellis4 #cg ,iri% ,fairy & ,folk ,tales4 ,edit$ & ,select$ by ,w4 ,b4 ,yeats4 #ch ,essays ( ,dr4 ,johnson1 ) ,biographical ,introduction & ,notes by ,/u>t ,j4 ,reid4 #ci ,essays ( ,william ,hazlitt4 ,select$ & ,edit$1 ) ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,frank ,c>r4 #dj ,l&or's ,p5tam]on1 & ,o!r ,imag9>y ,conv]sations4 ,edit$1 ) a ,preface1 by ,h4 ,ellis4 #da ,poe's ,tales & ,essays4 ,edit$1 ) ,introduction by ,erne/ ,rhys4 #db ,vic> ( ,wakefield4 ,by ,oliv] ,goldsmi?4 ,edit$1 ) ,preface1 by ,erne/ ,rhys4 #dc ,political ,orations1 f ,w5twor? to ,macaulay4 ,edit$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,william ,cl>ke4 #dd ,! ,autocrat ( ! ,breakfa/-table4 ,by ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 #de ,! ,poet at ! ,breakfa/-table4 ,by ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 #df ,! ,pr(essor at ! ,breakfa/-table4 ,by ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 #dg ,"l ,*e/]field's ,lett]s to 8 ,son4 ,select$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,*>les ,sayle4 #dh ,/ories f ,c>leton4 ,select$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,w4 ,yeats4 #di ,jane ,eyre4 ,by ,*>lotte ,bront4 ,edit$ by ,clem5t ,k4 ,%ort]4 #ej ,elizabe?an ,engl&4 ,edit$ by ,lo?rop ,)+ton1 ) a ,preface by ,dr4 ,furnivall4 #ea ,! ,prose ,writ+s ( ,?omas ,davis4 ,edit$ by ,t4 ,w4 ,rolle/on4 #eb ,sp5ce's ,anecdotes4 ,a ,selection4 ,edit$ ) an ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,john ,und]hill4 #ec ,m's ,utopia1 & ,life ( ,edw>d ,v4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,maurice ,adams4 #ed ,sadi's ,guli/an1 or ,fl[] ,g>d54 ,translat$1 ) an ,essay1 by ,james ,ross4 #ee ,engli% ,fairy & ,folk ,tales4 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,sidney ,h>tl&4 #ef ,nor!rn ,/udies4 ,by ,edmund ,gosse4 ,) a ,note by ,erne/ ,rhys4 #eg ,e>ly ,reviews ( ,great ,writ]s4 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,/ev5son4 #eh ,ari/otle's ,e?ics4 ,) ,george ,h5ry ,lewes's ,essay on ,ari/otle prefix$4 #ei ,l&or's ,p]icles & ,aspasia4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,havelock ,ellis4 #fj ,annals ( ,tacitus4 ,?omas ,gordon's ,translation4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,ar?ur ,galton4 #fa ,essays ( ,elia4 ,by ,*>les ,lamb4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,erne/ ,rhys4 #fb ,balzac's ,%ort] ,/ories4 ,translat$ by ,william ,wilson & ! ,c\nt ,/5bock4 #fc ,com$ies ( ,de ,musset4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introductory ,note1 by ,s4 ,l4 ,gwynn4 #fd ,coral ,reefs4 ,by ,*>les ,d>w94 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,dr4 ,j4 ,w4 ,williams4 #fe ,%]idan's ,plays4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,rudolf ,dircks4 #ff ,our ,village4 ,by ,miss ,mit=d4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,erne/ ,rhys4 #fg ,ma/] ,humphrey's ,clock1 & ,o!r ,/ories4 ,by ,*>les ,dick5s4 ,) ,introduction by ,frank ,t4 ,m>zials4 #fh ,tales f ,wond]l&4 ,by ,rudolph ,baumba*4 ,translat$ by ,hel5 ,b4 ,dole4 #fi ,essays & ,pap]s by ,d\glas ,j]rold4 ,edit$ by ,walt] ,j]rold4 #gj ,v9dication ( ! ,rights ( ,woman4 ,by ,m>y ,woll/onecraft4 ,introduction by ,mrs ,e4 ,rob9s ,p5nell4 #ga 8,! ,a!nian ,oracle40 ,a ,selection4 ,edit$ by ,john ,und]hill1 ) ,prefatory ,note by ,walt] ,besant4 #gb ,essays ( ,sa9te-,beuve4 ,translat$ & ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,elizabe? ,lee4 #gc ,selections f ,plato4 ,f ! ,translation ( ,syd5ham & ,taylor4 ,edit$ by ,t4 ,w4 ,rolle/on4 #gd ,he9e's ,italian ,travel ,sket*es1 ,etc4 ,translat$ by ,elizabe? ,a4 ,%>p4 ,) an ,introduction f ! ,fr5* ( ,!ophile ,gauti]4 #ge ,s*ill]'s ,maid ( ,orleans4 ,translat$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,major-,g5]al ,patrick ,maxwell4 #gf ,selections f ,sydney ,smi?4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,erne/ ,rhys4 #gg ,! ,new ,_s4 ,by ,havelock ,ellis4 ,,! ,,scott ,,libr>y may be _h 9 ! foll[+ ,b9d+s3--,clo?1 uncut edges1 gilt top1 #as4 #f;d42 ,half-,morocco1 gilt top1 antique2 ,r$ ,roan1 gilt edges1 etc4 ,,great ,,writ]s4 ,a ,,new ,,s]ies ,,( ,,critical ,,biographies4 ,edit$ by ,pr(4 ,e4 ,s4 ,,rob]tson & ,,frank ,t4 ,,m>zials4 ,a ,complete ,bibliography to ea* ,volume1 by ,j4 ,p4 ,,&]son1 ,briti% ,museum1 ,london4 ,clo?1 ,uncut ,edges1 ,gilt ,top4 ,price #a_/f4 ,,volumes ,,already ,,issu$-- ,,life ,,( ,,longfell[4 ,by ,,pr(4 ,,eric ,s4 ,,rob]tson4 8,a mo/ readable little "w40--,liv]pool ,m]cury4 ,,life ,,( ,,col]idge4 ,by ,,hall ,,ca9e4 8,brief & vigor\s1 writt5 ?r\gh\t ) _s & great lit]>y skill40--,scotsman4 ,,life ,,( ,,dick5s4 ,by ,,frank ,t4 ,,m>zials4 8,not)/&+ ! mass ( matt] t has be5 pr9t$ relat+ to ,dick5s & 8 works 444 we %\ld1 until we came across ?is volume1 h be5 at a loss to recomm5d any popul> life ( ,engl&'s mo/ popul> noveli/ z be+ really satisfactory4 ,! difficulty is remov$ by ,mr4 ,m>zials's little book40--,a!num4 ,,life ,,( ,,dante ,,gabriel ,,rossetti4 ,by ,j4 ,,knight4 8,mr4 ,knight's picture ( ! great poet & pa9t] is ! fulle/ & be/ yet pres5t$ to ! public40--,! ,graphic4 ,,life ,,( ,,samuel ,,johnson4 ,by ,,colonel ,f4 ,,grant4 8,colonel ,grant has p]=m$ 8 task ) dilig5ce1 s\nd judgm5t1 good ta/e1 & accuracy40--,illu/rat$ ,london ,news4 ,,life ,,( ,,d>w94 ,by ,g4 ,t4 ,,bettany4 8,mr4 ,g4 ,t4 ,bettany's ,life ( ,d>w9 is a s\nd & consci5ti\s "w40--,saturday ,review4 ,,life ,,( ,,*>lotte ,,bront4 ,by ,a4 ,,birrell4 8,^? :o "k mu* ( ,*>lotte ,bront w le>n m1 & ^? :o "k no?+ ab\t h] w f9d all t is be/ wor? le>n+ 9 ,mr4 ,birrell's pleasant book40--,/4 ,james' ,gazette4 ,,life ,,( ,,?omas ,,c>lyle4 ,by ,r4 ,,g>nett1 ,,ll4 ,d4 8,?is is an admirable book4 ,no?+ c\ld be m felicit\s & fair] ?an ! way 9 :i* he takes u ?r\gh ,c>lyle's life & works40--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,,life ,,( ,,adam ,,smi?4 ,by ,r4 ,b4 ,,haldane1 ,m4,p4 8,writt5 ) a p]spicuity seldom exemplifi$ :5 deal+ ) economic sci5ce40--,scotsman4 ,,life ,,( ,,keats4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,rossetti4 8,valuable = ! ample in=mation :i* x conta9s40--,cambridge ,indep5d5t4 ,,life ,,( ,,%elley4 ,by ,,william ,,%>p4 8,! criticisms 444 entitle ?is capital monograph to be rank$ ) ! be/ biographies ( ,%elley40--,we/m9/] ,review4 ,,life ,,( ,,smollett4 ,by ,,david ,,hannay4 8,a capable record ( a writ] :o /ill rema9s "o ( ! great ma/]s ( ! ,engli% novel40--,saturday ,review4 ,,life ,,( ,,goldsmi?4 ,by ,,au/9 ,,dobson4 8,! /ory ( 8 lit]>y & social life 9 ,london1 ) all its humor\s & pa!tic vicissitudes1 is "h retold1 z none c\ld tell x bett]40--,daily ,news4 ,,life ,,( ,,scott4 ,by ,,pr(essor ,,yonge4 8,?is is a mo/ enjoyable book40--,ab]de5 ,free ,press4 ,,life ,,( ,,burns4 ,by ,,pr(essor ,,blackie4 8,! editor c]ta9ly made a hit :5 he p]suad$ ,blackie to write ab\t ,burns40--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,,life ,,( ,,victor ,,hugo4 ,by ,,frank ,t4 ,,m>zials4 8,mr4 ,m>zials's volume pres5ts to u1 9 a m h&y =m ?an any ,engli% or ev5 ,fr5* h&book gives1 ! summ>y ( :at is kn[n ab\t ! life ( ! great poet40--,saturday ,review4 ,,life ,,( ,,em]son4 ,by ,,ri*>d ,,g>nett1 ,,ll4,d4 8,no record ( ,em]son's life c\ld be m desirable40--,saturday ,review4 ,,life ,,( ,,goe!4 ,by ,,james ,,sime4 8,mr4 ,james ,sime's compet5ce z a biograph] ( ,goe! is beyond "q40--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,,life ,,( ,,congreve4 ,by ,,edmund ,,gosse4 8,mr4 ,gosse has writt5 an admirable biography40--,academy4 ,,life ,,( ,,bunyan4 ,by ,,canon ,,v5ables4 8,a mo/ intellig5t1 appreciative1 & valuable memoir40--,scotsman4 ,,life ,,( ,,crabbe4 ,by ,t4 ,e4 ,,kebbel4 8,no ,engli% poet s9ce ,%akespe>e has obs]v$ c]ta9 aspects ( nature & ( human life m closely40--,a!num4 ,,life ,,( ,,he9e4 ,by ,,william ,,%>p4 8,an admirable monograph 444 m fully writt5 up to ! level ( rec5t k & criticism ?an any o!r ,engli% "w40--,scotsman4 ,,life ,,( ,,mill4 ,by ,w4 ,l4 ,,c\rtney4 8,a mo/ sympa!tic & discrim9at+ memoir40--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,,life ,,( ,,s*ill]4 ,by ,,h5ry ,w4 ,,nev9son4 8,pres5ts ! poet's life 9 a neatly r\nd$ picture40--,scotsman4 ,,life ,,( ,,capta9 ,,m>ryat4 ,by ,,david ,,hannay4 8,we h no?+ b praise = ! mann] 9 :i* ,mr4 ,hannay has done ju/ice to him40--,saturday ,review4 ,,life ,,( ,,less+4 ,by ,t4 ,w4 ,,rolle/on4 8,"o ( ! be/ books ( ! s]ies40--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,,life ,,( ,,milton4 ,by ,,ri*>d ,,g>nett ,,ll4,d4 8,has nev] be5 m *>m+ly or adequately told40--,scotti% ,lead]4 ,,life ,,( ,,balzac4 ,by ,,fr$]ick ,,w$more4 8,mr4 ,w$more's monograph on ! greate/ ( ,fr5* writ]s ( fiction1 ^: greatness is to be measur$ by comp>ison ) 8 successors1 is a piece ( c>eful & critical composition1 neat & nice 9 /yle40--,daily ,news4 ,,life ,,( ,,george ,,eliot4 ,by ,,osc> ,,br[n+4 8,a book ( ! "* ( ,mr4 ,br[n+'s1 to /& midway betwe5 ! bulky "w ( ,mr4 ,cross & ! v slight sket* ( ,miss ,bl9d1 0 mu* to be desir$1 & ,mr4 ,br[n+ has done 8 "w ) vivacity1 & n )\t skill40--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,,life ,,( ,,jane ,,au/54 ,by ,,goldw9 ,,smi?4 8,mr4 ,goldw9 ,smi? has add$ ano!r to ! n inconsid]able roll ( em95t m5 :o h f\nd _! delight 9 ,miss ,au/54444 ,8 little book ^u h]1 j publi%$ by ,walt] ,scott1 is c]ta9ly a fasc9at+ book to ^? :o already "k h] & love h] well2 & we h little d\bt t x w prove also a fasc9at+ book to ^? :o h /ill to make h] acqua9tance40--,spectator4 ,,life ,,( ,,br[n+4 ,by ,,william ,,%>p4 8,?is little volume is a model ( excell5t ,engli%1 & 9 e respect x seems to u :at a biography %\ld be40--,public ,op9ion4 ,,life ,,( ,,byron4 ,by ,,hon4 ,,rod5 ,,noel4 8,! ,hon4 ,rod5 ,noel's volume on ,byron is decid$ly "o ( ! mo/ readable 9 ! excell5t #8,great ,writ]s' s]ies40--,scotti% ,lead]4 ,,life ,,( ,,haw?orne4 ,by ,,moncure ,,conway4 8,x is a delightful caus]ie--pleasant1 g5ial talk ab\t a mo/ int]e/+ man4 ,easy & conv]sational z ! tone is ?r\gh\t1 no important fact is omitt$1 no valueless fact is recall$2 & x is entirely exempt f platitude & conv5tionality40--,! ,speak]4 ,,life ,,( ,,s*op5hau]4 ,by ,,pr(essor ,,wallace4 8,we c speak v highly ( ?is little book ( ,mr4 ,wallace's4 ,x is1 p]haps1 excessively l5i5t 9 deal+ ) ! man1 & x _c be said to be at all f]oci\sly critical 9 deal+ ) ! philosophy40--,saturday ,review4 ,,life ,,( ,,%]idan4 ,by ,,lloyd ,,s&]s4 8,to say t ,mr4 ,lloyd ,s&]s1 9 ?is little volume1 has produc$ ! be/ exi/+ memoir ( ,%]idan1 is really to aw>d mu* fa9t] praise ?an ! "w des]ves40--,man*e/] ,exam9]4 ,,life ,,( ,,?ack]ay4 ,by ,,h]man ,,m]ivale & ,f4 ,t4 ,,m>zials4 8,! monograph j publi%$ is well wor? read+1 444 & ! book1 ) its excell5t bibliography1 is "o :i* nei!r ! /ud5t nor ! g5]al read] c well af=d to miss40--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,,life ,,( ,,c]vantes4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,watts4 8,we c comm5d ?is book z a wor?y addition to ! useful s]ies to :i* x belongs40--,london ,daily ,*ronicle4 ,,life ,,( ,,voltaire4 ,by ,,francis ,,esp9asse4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,libr>y ,,edition ,,( 8,,great ,,writ]s10 ,demy #hvo1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,novelty ,,( ,,! ,,season4 ,,select$ ,,?ree-,,vol4 ,,sets ,,9 ,,new ,,brocade ,,b9d+4 #fs4 p] ,set1 9 ,%ell ,case to mat*4 ,,! ,,foll[+ ,,sets ,,c ,,be ,,obta9$-- ,,poems ,,( ,,wordswor?4 ,,keats4 ,,%elley4 ,,longfell[4 ,,:itti]4 ,,em]son4 ,,hogg4 ,,allan ,,ramsay4 ,,scotti% ,,m9or ,,poets4 ,,%akespe>e4 ,,b5 ,,jonson4 ,,m>l[e4 ,,sonnets ,,( ,,?is ,,c5tury4 ,,sonnets ,,( ,,europe4 ,,am]ican ,,sonnets4 ,,he9e4 ,,goe!4 ,,hugo4 ,,col]idge4 ,,s\!y4 ,,c[p]4 ,,bord] ,,ballads4 ,,jacobite ,,songs4 ,,ossian4 ,,cavali] ,,poets4 ,,love ,,lyrics4 ,,h]rick4 ,,*ri/ian ,,ye>4 ,,imitation ,,( ,,*ri/4 ,,h]b]t4 ,,am]ican ,,humor\s ,,v]se4 ,,engli% ,,humor\s ,,v]se4 ,,ballades ,,& ,,rondeaus4 ,,e>ly ,,engli% ,,poetry4 ,,*auc]4 ,,sp5s]4 ,,horace4 ,,greek ,,an?ology4 ,,l&or4 ,,goldsmi?4 ,,moore4 ,,iri% ,,m9/relsy4 ,,wom5 ,,poets4 ,,*ildr5 ,,( ,,poets4 ,,sea ,,music4 ,,pra$4 ,,hunt ,,& ,,hood4 ,,dobell4 ,,m]$i?4 ,,m>/on4 ,,love ,,lett]s4 ,,select$ ,,two-,,volume ,,sets ,,9 ,,new ,,brocade ,,b9d+4 #ds4 p] ,set1 9 ,%ell ,case to mat*4 ,,scott 7,lady ( ! ,lake1 etc474 ,,scott 7,m>mion1 etc474 ,,burns 7,songs74 ,,burns 7,poems74 ,,byron 7,don ,juan1 etc474 ,,byron 7,miscellane\s74 ,,milton 7,p>adise ,lo/74 ,,milton 7,p>adise ,rega9$1 etc474 ,,select$ ,,?ree-,,vol4 ,,sets ,,9 ,,new ,,brocade ,,b9d+4 #fs4 p] ,set1 9 ,%ell ,case to mat*4 ,d4 ,w4 ,,holmes ,,s]ies-- ,autocrat ( ! ,breakfa/-,table4 ,! ,pr(essor at ! ,breakfa/-,table4 ,! ,poet at ! ,breakfa/-,table4 ,,l&or ,,s]ies-- ,l&or's ,imag9>y ,conv]sations4 ,p5tam]on4 ,p]icles & ,aspasia4 ,,?ree ,,engli% ,,essayi/s-- ,essays ( ,elia4 ,essays ( ,leigh ,hunt4 ,essays ( ,william ,hazlitt4 ,,?ree ,,classical ,,morali/s-- ,m$itations ( ,m>cus ,aurelius4 ,tea*+ ( ,epictetus4 ,morals ( ,s5eca4 ,,wald5 ,,s]ies-- ,?oreau's ,wald54 ,?oreau's ,week4 ,?oreau's ,essays4 ,,fam\s ,,lett]s-- ,lett]s ( ,burns4 ,lett]s ( ,byron4 ,lett]s ( ,%elley4 ,,l[ell ,,s]ies-- ,my ,/udy ,w9d[s4 ,! ,engli% ,poets4 ,! ,bigl[ ,pap]s4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ab\t #cej pp4 ea*1 ,clo? ,cov]1 #bs4 #f;d4 p] vol4 ,half-poli%$ ,morocco1 gilt top1 #es4 ,,c\nt ,,tol/o',s ,,works4 ,! foll[+ ,volumes are already issu$-- ,a ,,russian ,,proprietor4 ,,! ,,cossacks4 ,,ivan ,,ilyit*1 ,,& ,,o!r ,,/ories4 ,,my ,,religion4 ,,life4 ,,my ,,confession4 ,,*ildhood1 ,,boyhood1 ,,y\?4 ,,! ,,physiology ,,( ,,w>4 ,,anna ,,k>59a #cs4 #f;d4 ,,:at ,,to ,,d8 ,,w> ,,& ,,peace4 7#d ,,vols47 ,,! ,,long ,,exile1 ,,& ,,o!r ,,/ories ,,= ,,*ildr54 ,,seva/opol4 ,,! ,,kreutz] ,,sonata1 ,,& ,,family ,,happ9ess4 ,uni=m ) ! above4 ,,impressions ,,( ,,russia4 ,,by ,,dr4 ,,georg ,,br&es4 ,,ibs5',s ,,fam\s ,,prose ,,dramas4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,william ,,ar*]4 ,complete 9 ,five ,vols4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 ,price #c_/f ea*4 ,set ( ,five ,vols41 9 ,case1 #ag_/f2 9 ,half ,morocco1 9 ,case1 #cb_/f4 8,we seem at la/ to be %[n m5 & wom5 z !y are2 & at fir/ x is m ?an we c endure4444 ,all ,ibs5's *>act]s speak & act z if !y 7 hypnotis$1 & "u _! creator's imp]i\s dem& to reveal !mselves4 ,!re nev] 0 su* a mirror held up to nature be=e3 x is too t]rible4444 ,yet we mu/ return to ,ibs51 ) 8 remorseless surg]y1 8 remorseless electric-light1 until we1 too1 h gr[n /rong & le>n$ to face ! nak$--if necess>y1 ! flay$ & ble$+--reality40--,,speak] 7,london74 ,vol4 ,i4 8,a ,,doll',s ,,h\se10 8,,! ,,league ,,( ,,y\?10 & 8,,! ,,pill>s ,,( ,,society40 ,) ,portrait ( ! ,au?or1 & ,biographical ,introduction by ,,william ,,ar*]4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 8,,gho/s10 8,,an ,,enemy ,,( ,,! ,,p10 & 8,,! ,,wild ,,duck40 ,) an ,introductory ,note4 ,vol4 ,,iii4 8,,lady ,,+] ,,( ,,/r,t10 8,,! ,,vik+s ,,at ,,helgel&10 8,,! ,,pret5d]s40 ,) an ,introductory ,note & ,portrait ( ,ibs54 ,vol4 ,,iv4 8,,emp]or ,,& ,,galilean40 ,) an ,introductory ,note by ,,william ,,ar*]4 ,vol4 ,v4 8,,rosm]%olm10 8,,! ,,lady ,,f ,,! ,,sea10 8,,h$da ,,gabl]40 ,translat$ by ,,william ,,ar*]4 ,) an ,introductory ,note4 ,! sequ5ce ( ! plays 9 ea* volume is *ronological2 ! complete set ( volumes compris+ ! dramas ?us pres5ts !m 9 *ronological ord]4 8,! art ( prose translation does n p]haps enjoy a v high lit]>y /atus 9 ,engl&1 b we h no hesitation 9 numb]+ ! pres5t v]sion ( ,ibs51 s f> z x has gone 7,vols4 ,i4 & ,,ii471 among ! v be/ a*ievem5ts1 9 t k9d1 ( our g5]ation40--,academy4 8,we h seldom1 if ev]1 met ) a translation s absolutely idiomatic40--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,,! ,,cant]bury ,,poets4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,william ,,%>p4 ,,9 #a_/- ,,mon?ly ,,volumes4 ,clo?1 ,r$ ,edges #as4 ,clo?1 ,uncut ,edges #as4 ,r$ ,roan1 ,gilt ,edges1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,pad4 ,morocco1 ,gilt ,edges1 #es4 ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,ye> ,by ! ,rev4 ,john ,keble4 ,,col]idge ,edit$ by ,joseph ,skipsey4 ,,longfell[ ,edit$ by ,eva ,hope4 ,,campbell ,edit$ by ,john ,hogb54 ,,%elley ,edit$ by ,joseph ,skipsey4 ,,wordswor? ,edit$ by ,a4 ,j4 ,sym+ton4 ,,blake ,edit$ by ,joseph ,skipsey4 ,,:itti] ,edit$ by ,eva ,hope4 ,,poe ,edit$ by ,joseph ,skipsey4 ,,*att]ton ,edit$ by ,john ,ri*mond4 ,,burns4 ,poems ,edit$ by ,joseph ,skipsey4 ,,burns4 ,songs ,edit$ by ,joseph ,skipsey4 ,,m>l[e ,edit$ by ,p]cy ,e4 ,p9k]ton4 ,,keats ,edit$ by ,john ,hogb54 ,,h]b]t ,edit$ by ,erne/ ,rhys4 ,,hugo ,translat$ by ,dean ,c>r+ton4 ,,c[p] ,edit$ by ,eva ,hope4 ,,%akespe>e',s ,,poems1 ,etc4 ,edit$ by ,william ,%>p4 ,,em]son ,edit$ by ,walt] ,lew94 ,,sonnets ,,( ,,?is ,,c5tury ,edit$ by ,william ,%>p4 ,,:itman ,edit$ by ,erne/ ,rhys4 ,,scott4 ,m>mion1 etc4 ,edit$ by ,william ,%>p4 ,,scott4 ,lady ( ! ,lake1 etc4 ,edit$ by ,william ,%>p4 ,,pra$ ,edit$ by ,fr$]ick ,coop]4 ,,hogg ,edit$ by 8 ,daught]1 ,mrs4 ,g>d54 ,,goldsmi? ,edit$ by ,william ,tirebuck4 ,,love ,,lett]s1 ,etc4 ,by ,eric ,mackay4 ,,sp5s] ,edit$ by ,hon4 ,rod5 ,noel4 ,,*ildr5 ,,( ,,! ,,poets ,edit$ by ,eric ,s4 ,rob]tson4 ,,jonson ,edit$ by ,j4 ,add+ton ,symonds4 ,,byron 7#b ,vols47 ,edit$ by ,ma?ilde ,bl9d4 ,,! ,,sonnets ,,( ,,europe ,edit$ by ,s4 ,wadd+ton4 ,,ramsay ,edit$ by ,j4 ,logie ,rob]tson4 ,,dobell ,edit$ by ,mrs4 ,dobell4 ,,days ,,( ,,! ,,ye> ,) ,introduction by ,william ,%>p4 ,,pope ,edit$ by ,john ,hogb54 ,,he9e ,edit$ by ,mrs4 ,kroek]4 ,,beaumont ,,& ,,flet*] ,edit$ by ,john ,s4 ,flet*]4 ,,b[les1 ,,lamb4 c4 ,edit$ by ,william ,tirebuck4 ,,e>ly ,,engli% ,,poetry ,edit$ by ,h4 ,macaulay ,fitzgibbon4 ,,sea ,,music ,edit$ by ,mrs4 ,%>p4 ,,h]rick ,edit$ by ,erne/ ,rhys4 ,,ballads ,,& ,,rondeaus ,edit$ by ,j4 ,gleeson ,:ite4 ,,iri% ,,m9/relsy ,edit$ by ,h4 ,halliday ,sp>l+4 ,,milton',s ,,p>adise ,,lo/ ,edit$ by ,j4 ,brad%aw1 ,m4,a41 ,,ll4,d4 ,,jacobite ,,ballads ,edit$ by ,g4 ,s4 ,macquoid4 ,,au/ralian ,,ballads ,edit$ by ,d4 ,b4 ,w4 ,slad51 ,b4,a4 ,,moore ,edit$ by ,john ,dorrian4 ,,bord] ,,ballads ,edit$ by ,graham ,r4 ,tomson4 ,,song-,,tide ,by ,philip ,b\rke ,m>/on4 ,,odes ,,( ,,horace ,translations by ,sir ,/eph5 de ,v]e1 ,bt4 ,,ossian ,edit$ by ,george ,eyre-,todd4 ,,elf9 ,,music ,edit$ by ,ar?ur ,edw>d ,waite4 ,,s\!y ,edit$ by ,sidney ,r4 ,?ompson4 ,,*auc] ,edit$ by ,fr$]ick ,nol ,paton4 ,,poems ,,( ,,wild ,,life ,edit$ by ,*>les ,g4 ,d4 ,rob]ts1 ,m4,a4 ,,p>adise ,,rega9$ ,edit$ by ,j4 ,brad%aw1 ,m4,a41 ,,ll4,d4 ,,crabbe ,edit$ by ,e4 ,lampl\gh4 ,,dora ,,gre5well ,edit$ by ,william ,dorl+4 ,,fau/ ,edit$ by ,elizabe? ,craigmyle4 ,,am]ican ,,sonnets ,edit$ by ,william ,%>p4 ,,l&or',s ,,poems ,edit$ by ,erne/ ,rad=d4 ,,greek ,,an?ology ,edit$ by ,graham ,r4 ,tomson4 ,,hunt ,,& ,,hood ,edit$ by ,j4 ,h>wood ,pant+4 ,,humor\s ,,poems ,edit$ by ,ralph ,h4 ,ca9e4 ,,lytton',s ,,plays ,edit$ by ,r4 ,f>quh>son ,%>p4 ,,great ,,odes ,edit$ by ,william ,%>p4 ,,m]$i?',s ,,poems ,edit$ by ,m4 ,be?am-,edw>ds4 ,,pa9t]-,,poets ,edit$ by ,k9eton ,p>kes4 ,,wom5 ,,poets ,edit$ by ,mrs4 ,%>p4 ,,love ,,lyrics ,edit$ by ,p]cy ,hulburd4 ,,am]ican ,,humor\s ,,v]se ,edit$ by ,james ,b>r4 ,,m9or ,,scot* ,,lyrics ,edit$ by ,sir ,george ,d\glas4 ,,cavali] ,,lyri/s ,edit$ by ,w ,h4 ,dircks4 ,,g]man ,,ballads ,edit$ by ,elizabe? ,craigmyle4 ,,songs ,,( ,,b]ang] ,translat$ by ,william ,toynbee4 ,,poems ,,( ,,! ,,hon4 ,,rod5 ,,noel4 ,) an ,introduction by ,rob]t ,bu*anan4 ,qu>to1 clo? elegant1 gilt edges1 emblematic design on cov]1 #fs4 ,may also be _h 9 a v>iety ( ,fancy ,b9d+s4 ,,! ,music ( ! ,poets3 ,a ,,musicians' ,,bir?day ,,book4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,eleonore ,d',,e/]re ,,keel+4 ,?is is a unique ,bir?day ,book4 ,aga9/ ea* date are giv5 ! names ( musicians ^: bir?day x is1 toge!r ) a v]se-quotation appropriate to ! 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