,,tube1 ,,tra91 ,,tram1 ,,& ,,c> ,,or ,,up-,,to-,,date ,,locomotion ,illu/ration ,,tube1 ,,tra91 ,,tram1 ,,& ,,c> ,,or ,,up-,,to-,,date ,,locomotion ,,by ,,ar?ur ,h4 ,,beavan ,,au?or ,,( 8,,m>lbor\gh ,,h\se ,,& ,,its ,,occupants10 8,,imp]ial ,,london10 8,,cr[n+ ,,! ,,k+10 ,,etc4 ,,) ,,_m ,,illu/rations ,& an ,introduction ,,by ,,llewellyn ,,preece1 ,m4,i4,e4,e4 ,illu/ration3 colophon ,,london ,,geo4 ,,r\tl$ge ,,sons1 ,,ltd4 ,,new ,,york3 ,e4 ,p4 ,,dutton ,,co4 #aijc ,all rights res]v$4 8,,! ,,*>iots ,,run ,,l ,,! ,,lightn+0 ,,preface ,! object ( ?is "w is to pres5t ! subject ( ,electrical ,locomotion to ! public = ! fir/ "t1 ! au?or believes1 9 a popul> =m1 giv+ int]e/+ in=mation ab\t ,tube1 ,tra91 ,tram1 & ,motor-c>1 b avoid+1 z mu* z possible1 te*nical & sci5tific detail4 ,electrical traction is ( national importance1 de/9$ p]haps mat]ially to abate ! evil ( ov]cr[d+1 by provid+ *eap & rapid means ( access f c5tres ( indu/ry to c\ntry di/ricts & vice v]sa4 ,x 0 pr$ict$ by ,george ,/eph5son 9 #ahbe t 8 sy/em w\ld sup]s$e all o!r me?ods ( conveyance 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,simil>ly c x n[ be prophesi$ t ?r\gh\t ! _w electrical traction w ultimately supplant all o!r =ms4 ,an age ( electricity is dawn+1 :5 8p[]0 may be obta9$ direct f fuel or f ! va/ /ore ( en]gy exi/+ 9 ! heat$ int]ior ( ! e>?1 or ev5 f ! atmosph]e t surr\nds u2 :5 e m\nta9 /ream & gleam+ wat]fall ?r\gh\t ,great ,brita91 & ea* tide z x rises & falls1 w help to g5]ate ! subtle fluid1 :i*1 produc$ on a va/ scale abroad1 :]e giant cat>acts & mighty rapids ab\nd1 may be import$ to supplem5t our home supply1 & be utilis$ 9 e manufactur+ di/rict2 :5 all our ma9 l9es w be electric1 & 8light railways0 ubiquit\s2 :5 coal-less %ips & a]ial ma*9es1 ) p]fect$ accumulators1 may possibly trav]se sea & ocean1 & invade ! doma9 ( condor & eagle2 :5 f>ms w be cultivat$ by electrical contrivances1 & _! produce exp$iti\sly convey$ to m>ket1 & ! sanitation ( our /reets be ensur$ by ! univ]sal use ( horseless vehicles4 ,an age t may witness 8curr5t0 laid on = dome/ic purposes to e h\se 9 ! l& z a matt] ( c\rse2 & also z ma*9e-p[] to village settlem5ts1 :]e artisans engag$ 9 c]ta9 k9ds ( trade may "w amid/ ! pleasant surr\nd+s ( home4 ,& ?us ! ab/ract pr9ciple1 8,back to ! l&10 may become an accompli%$ fact4 ,to br+ ! body ( ?is "w precisely up to ! date ( its publication be+ obvi\sly impossible1 ,i take ! opportunity ( mak+ pass+ ref]5ce to ! railway disa/] on ! ,mtropolita9 ( ,p>is1 :5 eighty-f\r pass5g]s 7 kill$1 & :i* has caus$ ! public m9d to be mu* di/urb$ by ! possibility ( dang] 9 ! ,london ,tubes4 ,z reg>ds trams1 ! ,london ,unit$ ,tramways ,company e/abli%$ a record ( traffic dur+ ! ,augu/ ,bank ,holiday p]iod1 ! total = ! f\r days be+ #hgh1jjj1 t on ,monday alone be+ #ccj1jjj travell]s4 ,a s]i\s electric tram accid5t occurr$ at ,ramsgate 9 ,augu/1 :5 n9ete5 p]sons 7 injur$ by ! collid+ ( "o c> ) ano!r at a po9t :]e ! l9es conv]g$4 ,!n1 z to motor-c>s4 ,! great ,gordon-,b5nett race 9 ,irel& ?is summ] 0 won by a ,g]man4 ,a t5tative ,act ( ,p>liam5t = regulat+ ! traffic1 to come into =ce ,janu>y #a/ next1 & to cont9ue = ?ree ye>s1 has receiv$ ! ,royal ,ass5t1 ! spe$ limit be+ fix$ at tw5ty miles p] h\r4 ,a s]vice ( motor hansom cabs is %ortly to be e/abli%$ 9 ,london4 ,! ,fis*] 8comb9ation0 omnibus has successfully pass$ ?r\gh repeat$ private trials1 & w probably be adopt$ by "o or bo? ( ! metropolitan *ief companies4 ,motor ba?-*airs1 to hold two p1 & propell$ by electricity1 w be accompli%$ facts at ! ,_w's ,fair1 ,/4 ,l\is1 next ye>4 ,i h n[ to ackn[l$ge1 ) ?anks1 ! assi/ance ( ,sir ,william ,h4 ,preece1 :o k9dly read ?r\gh ! pro(-%eets ( ?is volume j be=e he fell s]i\sly ill 9 ,augu/1 & ( 8 son1 ,mr4 ,llewellyn ,preece1 :o has writt5 ! ,introduction1 & ,i n[ leave 8,tube1 ,tra91 ,tram1 & ,c>0 to receive ! v]dict ( ^? :o travel4 ,,ar?ur ,h4 ,,beavan ,septemb]1 #aijc4 ,,introduction ,,by ,,llewellyn ,,preece1 ,m4,i4,e4,e4 ,! object ( ?is book is to give ! public a g5]al idea z to ! progress n[ be+ made 9 ! application ( electricity = transport purposes1 & x 0 int5d$ t ,sir ,william ,preece %\ld write ! introduction & correct ! au?or s f> z any te*nical mis/atem5ts 7 conc]n$4 ,unhappily1 ,sir ,william ,preece has fall5 victim to a v sev]e illness1 :i* entirely incapacitates him f any "w1 & w prev5t him f do+ any?+ = "s mon?s to come4 ,j be=e 8 illness1 h[ev]1 he _h gone ?r\gh ! pro(s & made c]ta9 corrections1 all ( :i*1 ! au?or tells me1 h be5 accept$1 b ow+ to ! great delay 9 ! publication ( ?is book :i* has already be5 incurr$1 & to ! impossibility ( discuss+ ^! matt]s ) my fa!r1 ,i h n be5 able to *eck ! pro(s s9ce ! alt]ations 7 made4 ,! advances :i*1 )9 ! la/ few ye>s1 h be5 made 9 ! application ( electricity = ! purpose ( transportation are %[n v cle>ly 9 ?is book1 & if ! au?or has made "o or two flights on ! w+s ( fancy reg>d+ ! future :i* may be some:at />tl+ to ! read]1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t if _m ?+s :i* are ( ev]yday occurr5ce _h be5 sugge/$ to any ( u fifty ye>s ago1 & if we _h be5 told t x w\ld be possible to travel at ! rate ( a hundr$ miles an h\r1 we %\ld h be5 some:at incl9$ to laugh4 ,z ! read] w le>n1 su* travell+ is to be v %ortly a fact4 ,at ! same "t ,i d n believe t x w be s mu* ) ! high-spe$ "w z ) ! tramway & light railway "w t electricity w be ( ! greate/ s]vice to ! public 9 ! future4 ,i look =w>d to ! "t :5 !re w be a network ( light railways surr\nd+ e t[n 9 ! k+dom1 enabl+ ! population to spread itself out once aga9 9 ! c\ntry4 ,c5tral p[] /ations di/ribut+ electric curr5t ov] a radius ( fifte5 or tw5ty miles w enable ^! railways to "w at v l[ co/1 & !re=e c>ry pass5g]s consid]able di/ances at l[ f>es4 ,! t5d5cy at ! pres5t "t be+ to r$uce ! h\rs ( lab\r1 :e!r m5tal or manual1 ! "t at ! disposal ( a workman = travell+ w increase1 s t ) an eight h\rs work+ day & *eap electric light railways1 !re w be no reason :y ! poore/ lab\r] %\ld n live 9 ! c\ntry1 & at lea/ sleep 9 a pure atmosph]e4 ,! adaptability ( electricity to motor-c> "w has h>dly yet be5 suffici5tly realis$4 ,p see ! luxuri\s electric br\gham1 describ$ 9 ?is book1 runn+ on ! /reets ( ,london & o!r l>ge cities1 b few h any idea t n only ! weal?y ari/ocrat1 b ev]yone w1 be=e long1 be able to ride 9 su* c>riages1 possibly n s luxuri\sy fitt$ up1 b equally com=table & spe$y4 ,! usual cry at pres5t is t electric c>s are v nice1 b ! own]s h great difficulties ) ! batt]ies4 ,und\bt$ly batt]ies h giv5 tr\ble 9 ! pa/1 & /ill d s to "s ext5t4 ,b if a man buys a horse & gives x 9 *>ge ( ! g>d5]'s boy1 he is likely to h tr\ble ) 8 horse4 ,9 ! same way1 if a man buys an electric c>riage & expects 8 coa*man to look aft] x1 he only naturally does h consid]able tr\ble4 ,!re are sev]al companies prep>$ to look aft] & ma9ta9 9 cont9u\s use1 n only ! batt]ies1 b ! complete c>riages1 & ?is is greatly improv+ ! reliability ( ! electric c>1 & allay+ ! fe>s ( ^? anxi\s to h su* c>riages4 ,besides ?is1 ! batt]y itself is mak+ great /rides =w>d3 its capacity p] cwt4 has l>gely increas$1 its life is mu* long]1 & its reliability "u great v>iations ( dis*>ge has consid]ably improv$4 ,9 fact1 x may be safely said t ev5 n[ ! electric c> is m reliable ?an ei!r ! petrol or ! /eam c>4 ,at pres5t x w n d ! same di/ance on "o *>ge1 nor w x d ! great spe$ o!r c>s w1 b ?is is ! great reason :y x %\ld appeal to ! ,briti% public4 ,! craze = high spe$s does n affect ! majority ( p4 ,i believe t x is only a "q ( a few ye>s = ! petrol & /eam c>s to be plac$ 9 museums & %[n z mon/rosities ( ! pa/1 l ! mammo? elephant1 & t e cab1 omnibus1 & private c>riage ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry w use electricity z ! motive p[]4 ,9 fact ,i d n ?9k x unw>rantable to ass]t t1 s f> z ?is c\ntry is conc]n$1 _m ( u w see ! day :5 ! only =m ( en]gy us$ = transportation w be t kn[n z electricity4 ,,llewellyn ,,preece ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,i ,,page ,,! ,,old ,,& ,,! ,,new ,,ord] ,,( ,,railway ,,locomotion #a ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,"s ,,pione] ,,electric ,,railways #aa ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,"s ,,pione] ,,electric ,,railways 7cont9u$7 #ai ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,rem>kable ,,electric ,,railways #ca ,,*apt] ,v ,,rejuv5at+ ,,! ,,metropolitan ,,inn] ,,circle #dg ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,! ,,c5tral ,,london ,,electric ,,railway #fc ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,! ,,tubul> ,,sy/em #gd ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,t\r+ ,,9 ,,! ,,tubes #ij ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,london',s ,,tangl$ ,,tubes #ajg ,,*apt] ,x ,,london',s ,,late/ ,,& ,,longe/ ,,tube #aag ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,electric ,,tramways ,,g5]ally #abh ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,london',s ,,tramways #ada ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,prov9cial ,,tramways #afb ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,! ,,%all[ ,,und]gr\nd ,,sy/em #ahf ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,horseless ,,vehicles--,,electrical ,,& ,,o!rwise #bjj ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,horseless ,,vehicles--,,electrical ,,& ,,o!rwise 7cont9u$7 #bad ,,*apt] ,,xvii ,,horseless ,,vehicles--,,electrical ,,& ,,o!rwise 7cont9u$7 #bbd ,,*apt] ,,xviii ,,electricity ,,appli$ ,,to ,,navigation 7,a ,,=eca/7 #bcj ,,*apt] ,,xix ,,"s ,,electric ,,locomotion ,,drawbacks #bej ,,*apt] ,,xx ,,"s ,,electric ,,locomotion ,,drawbacks 7cont9u$7 #beh ,,*apt] ,,xxi ,,electric ,,locomotion ,,& ,,our ,,national ,,life #bfi ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ,,fig4 ,,page ,,electricity4 ,,by ,h4 ,l4 ,,%9dl] ,frontispiece #a4 ,,que5 ,,victoria',s ,,tra9 ,,on ,,! ,,great ,,we/]n ,,railway #c #b4 ,,n9e ,,willans-,,siem5s ,,dynamo ,,sets ,,= ,,electric ,,traction1 #gjj ,h4,p4 ,,ea* #g #c4 ,,! ,,giant',s ,,causeway #ab #d4 ,,wat]loo ,,& ,,city ,,railway',s ,,new ,,patt]n ,,c> #be #e4 ,,! ,,liv]pool ,,ov]head ,,electric ,,railway #bi #f4 ,,plan ,,( ,a ,,behr ,,mono-,,railway ,,c> #ce #g4 ,,int]ior ,,( ,a ,,behr ,,mono-,,railway ,,c> #dd #h4 ,,electrical ,,p[] ,,h\se 7,,! ,,l>ge/ ,,9 ,,! ,,old ,,_w71 ,,lot',s ,,road1 ,,*elsea1 ,,to ,,supply ,,! ,,metropolitan ,,di/rict ,,& ,,o!r ,,railways ,,) ,,curr5t #ec #i4 ,a #b1jjj ,h4,p4 ,,we/+h\se ,,/eam ,,turb9e1 ,,resembl+ ,,! ,,turbo-,,g5]ators 7,,ea* ,,( #g1ejj ,h4,p47 ,,9 ,,! ,,*elsea ,,p[] ,,h\se #ee #aj4 ,a ,,new ,,metropolitan ,,di/rict ,,railway ,,c> #ef #aa4 ,a ,,typical ,,electric ,,p[] ,,g5]ator--,,two ,,dynamos1 ,,ea* ,,( ,,ab\t #a1fjj ,h4,p4 #fi #ab4 ,a #c1jjj ,h4,p4 ,,triple ,,expansion ,,c5tral ,,valve ,,electrical ,,eng9e #gf #ac4 ,,%ield ,,at ,,"w ,,9 ,a ,,tube ,,runn+ ,,tunnel #gi #ad4 ,,! ,,we/]n ,,approa* ,,to ,,piccadilly #abc #ae4 ,,tram-,,c> ,,9 ,,p>is ,,equipp$ ,,= ,,comb9$ ,,ov]head ,,trolley ,,& ,,surface ,,contact ,,sy/em #acc #af4 ,,cross ,,lane ,,junction1 ,,sal=d4 ,,! ,,l>ge/ ,,& ,,mo/ ,,complicat$ ,,ov]head ,,trolley ,,cross+ ,,9 ,,! ,,k+dom #ace #ag4 ,,boil] ,,room1 ,,london ,,unit$ ,,tramways ,,co4',s ,,p[] ,,h\se ,,at ,,*iswick1 ,,fitt$ ,,) ,,vic>s' ,,automatic ,,/ok]s #aeg #ah4 ,a ,,london ,,unit$ ,,tramways ,,company ,,tram-,,c> #aei #ai4 ,,fa,,ade ,,( ,,que5',s ,,road ,,c>-,,%$1 ,,man*e/] ,,corporation ,,tramways #agj #bj4 ,,view ,,ne> ,,dudley ,,/ation1 ,,s\? ,,/af=d%ire1 ,,%[+ ,a ,,/eam ,,tram-,,c> #age #ba4 ,,view ,,at ,,ca/le ,,hill1 ,,dudley1 ,,s\? ,,/af=d%ire1 ,,%[+ ,,an ,,electric ,,tram-,,c> #aha #bb4 ,,camps ,,bay1 ,,cape ,,t[n1 ,,& ,,seapo9t ,,tramways #ahc #bc4 ,,bo/on ,,subway1 ,,%[+ ,,entrance ,,at ,,! ,,public ,,g>d5s #aic #bd4 ,,new ,,york ,,subway ,,9 ,,c\rse ,,( ,,con/ruction4 ,,c> ,,traffic ,,ma9ta9$ #aie #be4 ,,new ,,york ,,subway1 ,,%[+ ,,h[ ,,x ,,0 ,,built #aig #bf4 ,,electric ,,c>riage ,,entirely ,,( ,,briti% ,,con/ruction #bja #bg4 ,a 8,,cr[dus0 ,,electric ,,c>riage #bje #bh4 ,,an ,,electric ,,victoria ,,) ,,briti% ,,/orage ,,batt]ies #bjg #bi4 ,a 8,,fis*]0 ,,comb9ation ,,omnibus #baa #cj4 ,,! 8,,h]cules0 ,,traction ,,eng9e1 ,,z ,,us$ ,,dur+ ,,! ,,crimean ,,w> #bag #ca4 ,a ,,t5-,,ton ,,electric ,,trolley #bai #cb4 ,,an ,,electric ,,tradesman',s-,,van #bbj #cc4 ,,ano!r ,,type ,,( ,,! 8,,fis*]0 ,,comb9ation ,,omnibus #bbb #cd4 ,,electric ,,/orage ,,batt]ies #bcg #ce4 ,,electric ,,laun* ,,on ,,! ,,?ames #bdh #cf4 ,,:]e ,,! ,,poor ,,live #bhj ,,tube1 ,,tra91 ,,tram1 ,,& ,,c> ,,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,old ,,& ,,! ,,new ,,ord] ,,( ,,railway ,,locomotion 8,! ?9k+ m9ds ( all nations call = *ange40--,,c>lyle4 ,,/eam--,,! ,,old ,,ord] ,an immutable law ( nature has decre$ t :atev] atta9s to p]fection is doom$ to p]i%1 = 8,! _w exi/s by *ange1 & b = t ,all matt] w\ld to *aos back1 ,to =m a pill[ = a sleep+ god40 ,?us x came to pass t 9 ! p]iod #ahbe to #ahce1 :5 ! ma9 roads ( ,great ,brita9 7 at _! be/1 :5 ! !n mode ( travell+1 ?\gh on a limit$ scale1 _h1 z reg>ds spe$1 punctuality1 & organisation1 rea*$ ! highe/ possible pit* ( p]fection1 a little cl\d l a man's h&1 presag+ ! new ord] ( locomotion1 arose at ! op5+ ( ! ,/ockton & ,d>l+ton ,railway1 & ov]%ad[$ ! old me?od4 ,s effective 0 ! competition ( ! 8iron horse10 t 9 lieu ( ! fifty-f\r spl5didly equipp$ vehicles :i* 9 #ahce c>ri$ ,8 ,maje/y's mails ?r\gh\t ,engl&1 n a s+le coa* left ! ,g5]al ,po/ ,(fice1 ,/4 ,m>t9's-le-,gr&1 9 ! ye> #ahdd2 :ile ! k+s highways _h become almo/ des]t$4 ,?\gh ?is 0 b>ely sixty ye>s ago1 railways h evolv$ !mselves out ( _! embryonic /ate into a condition approa*+ ! fateful "o ( p]fect developm5t4 ,9 e>ly days1 fir/-class pass5g]s 7 box$ up 9 replicas ( old /age-coa*es1 ! second-class 9 op5 c>riages expos$ to ! wea!r1 & ! ?ird-class huddl$ toge!r 9 seatless cattle-trucks4 ,contra/ ?is ) our luxuri\s ,pullmans1 & our corridor & ve/ibule tra9s = all classes1 w>m$ ?r\gh\t1 light$ by electricity1 & provid$ ) lavatories1 d9+-saloons1 buffets1 & sleep+-c>s4 8,) :at fur!r improvem5ts c we allure ! public80 ask anxi\s directors4 ,"o answ] only is possible4 8,by br++ ! mode ( locomotion up to date40 ,?is means1 9 ! case ( old-e/abli%$ railway companies1 a complete & co/ly trans=mation1 or an indep5d5t mono-rail track = long di/ances2 "u any circum/ances entail+ mu* h>d%ip ^u ! %>ehold]s4 ,= at ! mom5t :5 railway-eng9e]s--improv+ s va/ly ^u ,george ,/eph5son's v5]able eng9e1#a built 9 #ahbb1 & /ill at "w = ! ,hutton ,colli]y1 its weight only fifte5 tons1 its spe$ t5 miles an h\r--h con/ruct$ su* magnific5t locomotives z ! 8,great] ,brita90 = ! ,london & ,nor? ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 ,,que5 ,,victoria',s ,,tra9 ,,on ,,! ,,great ,,we/]n ,,railway ,we/]n ,railway1 or ! t5-:eel$ giant#b = ! ,great ,nor!rn ,railway1 fifty-sev5 feet ov] all1 weigh+ #ajj tons1 & capable ( reel+ (f its #fe miles an h\r ) ease1 electricity /eps into ! field1 displaces ! /ately eng9e--respl5d5t 9 r$1 blue1 gre51 or *ocolate pa9t1 glossy z ! coat ( "s highly tra9$ racehorse1 & gleam+ ) poli%$ brass & /eel1 f9i%$ 9 all its p>ts ) exquisite accuracy1 ! v embodim5t ( en]gy "u p]fect control--& f "s unpret5ti\s-look+ build+ af> (f1 drives our tra9s ) unse5 b resi/less =ce1 at ! rate1 if desir$1 ( a hundr$ miles an h\r6 ,! con/ruction ( an ord9>y /eam locomotive is an intricate op]ation1 necessitat+ ma*9e-%ops1 erect+-%ops1 f\ndries1 =ges1 etc41 cov]+ acres ( gr\nd1 z at ,crewe1 ,donca/]1 ,d]by1 or ,sw9don4 ,n a hundr$ eng9es are exactly alike 9 patt]n1 & ea* "o is suppos$ to be compos$ ( ov] five ?\s& diff]5t p>ts1 all ( :i* h to be /[$ away 9 a necess>ily limit$ space4 8,h[ is /eam utilis$ by ! locomotive80 is a "q ask$ aga9 & aga9 7& n by *ildr5 only7 ev] s9ce ,/eph5son's eng9e />t$ on its triumphant progress f ,/ockton to ,d>l+ton & back1 & :i*1 ,i v5ture to affirm1 only a small p]c5tage ( travell]s1 ev5 9 #aijc1 c answ] 8"r away10 z our ,am]ican c\s9s w\ld express x4 ,briefly1 !n1 z foll[s3 ,rais$ up on high is ! mighty boil]4 ,remove its plates1 & runn+ ?r\gh its entire l5g? w be se5 a clu/] ( "s two or ?ree hundr$ brass tubes1 9 diamet] t ( a p5ny-piece4 ,at ! re> ( ! boil]1 on a l[] level1 is ! fuel fire-box1 ) its grate & a%-pan1 :ile 9 front is ! smoke-box1 surm\nt$ by ! famili> *imney or funnel1 call$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! 8smoke-/ack10 9 ,briti% eng9es r$uc$ to a m9imum ( height4 ,wat] f ! t5d] surr\nds ! brass tubes1 & :5 ! fire is burn+1 flames1 smoke1 & heat$ gases ru% ?r\gh !m1 escap+ vi ! *imney1 b 9 _! passage conv]t+ ! boil+ wat] into exp&+ /eam1 :i*1 :5 ! regulator is op5$1 is direct$ by valves into ! holl[ cyl9d]s--sometimes plac$ bel[ ! boil]1 b g5]ally visible outside--=c+ by its pressure ! pi/ons backw>ds & =w>ds alt]nately1 &1 by means ( int]m$iate ma*9]y1 transf]r+ its en]gy to ! driv+-:eels4 ,! exhau/$ /eam1 aft] accompli%+ its "w1 jo9s ! smoke 9 ! smoke-box1 escap+ up ! funnel by j]ks1 :i* creates a =c$ draught ?r\gh ! brass boil]-tubes1 & ha/5s ! g5]ation ( /eam4 ,,electricity--,,! ,,new ,,ord] ,contra/ ?is ) electricity1 ! def9ition ( ^: exact nature is a task ,i mu/ ( necessity leave to o!rs1 b its adaptation to ! purposes ( traction c be ?us broadly expla9$3-- ,dynamos or g5]ators are situat$ at "s fix$ /ation1 m or less di/ant1 g5]at+ electrical en]gy1 :5ce ! curr5t is transmitt$ along a c5tral /eel rail1 or1 9 ! case ( "s tramways1 vi ov]head wires1 return+ to its place ( bir? by ano!r rail or cable1 & complet+ its circuit4 ,x is 8pick$ up0 by a small locomotive fitt$ ) motors t "w ! driv+-me*anism1 & ?us propels ! coa*es or c>s beh9d x at v>y+ spe$s4 ,! rotation ( ! dynamos is effect$ ei!r by a torr5t1 wat]fall1 or swift-fl[+ riv]1 absorb$ by turb9es1 or by /eam suppli$ f ord9>y boil]s4 ,9 o!r words1 we conv]t our wat] & coal into /eam1 &1 indirectly1 ! heat 9 ! /eam into electrical en]gy2 & ! heavy locomotive t us$ to c>ry its own fuel1 & manufacture its /eam z x tore along ) ! tra9 beh9d x1 n[ leaves t5d] & boil] at home1 & has its driv+ p[]1 9 ! =m ( electric curr5t1 =w>d$ to x p] c5tre rail1 to be drawn ^u :5 want$4 ,! sy/em is beautifully simple1 & ! ma*9]y compact & uncomplicat$4 ,smoke defilem5t is unkn[n1 & ! tra9s are comp>atively noiseless4 ,9 %ort1 electric traction is ! ref9em5t ( me*anically appli$ p[]4 ,n[ let u visit an electrical p[] /ation--a small "o--& ,i h 9 my m9d t ( ! ,wat]loo & ,city ,electric ,railway4 ,hidd5 away beh9d a bewild]+ labyr9? ( railway ar*es1 9 a cul-de-sac1 approa*$ f a back /reet1 n a hundr$ miles f a great railway /ation1 is a pla91 v pla9 brick build+1 :]e91 = aught "o kn[s to ! contr>y1 su* prosaic articles z pots & pans1 or c>dbo>d boxes1 may be 9 c\rse ( manufacture4 ,pass ?r\gh a door1 always on ! sw+1 & an unpret5d+ (fice is rea*$1 furni%$ 9 ! usual mann]1 & occupi$ by cl]ks engag$ ^u ! ord9>y duties ( _! vocation4 ,access to ! eng9e]-9-*ief be+ grant$1 he c\rte\sly conducts u to ! p[] room1 :5ce issues ! en]gy t drives ! tra9s4 ,imag9ation _h pictur$ a great hall1 fill$ ) pond]\s ma*9]y ^: compon5t p>ts are cranks1 /eel rods1 %afts1 & too!d :eels1 a wild]ness ( metal1 mov+ ) bewild]+ rapidity & ?und]\s p[]1 9 an atmosph]e r$ol5t ( lubricat+ oil1 a vision ( :irl+ :eels1 an ,ezekiel vision ( :eels 9 ! mid/ ( :eels1 in/9ct ) life1 su* z ! prophet saw #fjj ye>s ,b4,c41 by ! ,riv] ,*eb>1 9 ! l& ( ! ,*aldean4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,,n9e ,,willans-,,siem5s ,,dynamo ,,sets ,,= ,,electric ,,traction1 #gjj ,h4,p4 ,,ea*4 ,by p]mission ( ,willans & ,rob9son1 ,ltd41 ,rugby ,no?+ ( ! k9d6 ,"o portion ( a mod]ate-siz$ ap>tm5t is devot$ to ! 8fitt+0 ( ! motor locomotives1 & at ! o!r end1 enclos$ )9 a l[ rail+1 re/+ ^u a b$ ( great solidity1 & occupy+ b little space1 is ! ma*9]y 9 duplicate1 z a safegu>d aga9/ breakd[ns4 ,x consi/s ( a v]tical comp\nd eng9e1 suppli$ ) /eam f an adjo9+ boil]-h\se1 ^: cyl9d] is c\pl$ direct to ! fly-:eels ( ! revolv+ dynamos t are p>tly sunk into ! floor+4 ,^!1 ) _! electro-magnets1 are s %ut 91 & s little c be se5 ( ! work+1 t x all looks v my/]i\s & incompreh5sible to ! un9itiat$4 ,9 l>ge p[]-produc+ ma*9]y an iron /aircase leads up to a plat=m above ! dynamos1 giv+ access to ! l(ti] p>ts ( ! app>atus1 :i* !n1 9 its g5]al appe>ance & compactness1 some:at resembles a mod]n m>9e eng9e4 ,on ! walls are endless dials1 record+ ! am\nt ( curr5t g5]at$1 localis+ ! exact position ( ! tra9s on ! l9e at any giv5 mom5t1 & *eck+ ! quantity ( curr5t pick$ up by ea* eng9e4 ,!re is absolutely no smell1 no outw>d indication ( resi/less p[]1 :ile almo/ ,arcadian quiet reigns 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ma*9es4 ,t ^! small dynamos are capable ( driv+ heavy c>s fill$ ) pass5g]s at ! rate ( _m miles an h\r seems incr$ible2 b fai?1 8! evid5ce ( ?+s n se510 mu/ come into play4 ,! crav+ = m]e size1 h[ev]1 w be amply gratifi$ :5 ! great p[] h\se at ,*elsea1 built to supply ! ,metropolitan1 ,di/rict1 & o!r railways1 is complet$ 7vide ,*apt] ,v474 ,b :at on e>? is a kil[att1 or a volt1 an ohm1 or an ampre8--expressions t are rapidly becom+ z famili> z ! ^w horse-p[]4 ,well1 8horse-p[]0 0 a t]m inv5t$ long ago by eng9e]s1 :o bl&ly ask$ "o to imag9e t an ord9>y horse 0 capable ( lift+ a weight ( #cc1jjj lbs4 7or "s #ad tons7 "o foot high p] m9ute4 ,n[1 electricity is a v exact sci5ce4 ,!re is no m]e !ory ab\t x2 & a unit is a def9ite quantity ( p[]1 kn[n 9 t sci5ce z a 8kil[att h\r40 ,?us1 a kil[att1 or #a1jjj watts1 is ! equival5t 9 measur$ "w ( #a horse-p[]1 equal to ! lift+ ( #dd1jjj lbs4 p] m9ute1 or ! do+ ( s _m units ( "w1 ei!r electric light+1 heat+1 ma*9]y driv+1 or traction4 ,,v>i\s ,,=ms ,,( ,,electric ,,locomotion ,electricity z a locomotive =ce is be+ pres5t$ to ! public 9 v>i\s =ms4 ,!re is ! ord9>y railway1 l ! ,und]gr\nd1 t1 cleans+ itself1 am5d+ its ways1 & becom+ conv]t$ to ! new ord] ( traction1 has be5 grant$ a new lease ( life4 ,!n !re are new l9es laid d[n1 int5d$ f ! fir/ to be electrical1 ) specially design$ c>s1 div+ b5ea? ! ,?ames1 & connect+ ! nor? & s\? ( ,london4 ,^! are our metropolitan pione] electric railways4 ,!re is also ! sy/em ( railways specifically & popul>ly kn[n z ,tubes1 mo/ important factors 9 ! travell+ _w ( mod]n ,babylon4 ,ano!r division is ! sy/em kn[n z ,ov]head ,electric ,railways2 t is to say1 rails laid ^u iron gird]s support$ by columns above ! roadway1 a notable example ( :i* is ! ,liv]pool ,ov]head ,electric ,railway4 ,electric tramways are ) u 9 ,great] ,london = good & all1 ) _! network ( l9es 9 e direction4 ,"s are locally work$ by ! v>i\s ,bor\gh ,c\ncils2 o!rs on a compreh5sive scale by ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil1 :o n[ /rongly advocate also ano!r sy/em1 ! ,%all[-,und]gr\nd1 by :i* ! c>s run 9 a k9d ( op5 tr5* j bel[ ! surface 9 ! middle ( ! /reet4 ,next we h endless prov9cial & urban c\ncil electric tramways1 includ+ "s v ext5sive sy/ems = fe$+ ! enorm\s traffic ( cities & l>ge t[ns 9 ! ,midl&s & ,nor? ( ,engl&4 ,electric ,light ,railways1 orig9ally int5d$ to be work$ on rails laid d[n ^u ! ord9>y highway1 =m a special class by !mselves to s]ve %ort-di/ance traffic 9 c\ntry di/ricts2 b to all int5ts & purposes !y are rural electric trams4 ,la/ly1 we h motor-c>s1 c>riages1 omnibuses1 cabs1 vans1 & cycles1 t ) electricity z _! means ( propulsion1 w possibly ere long sup]s$e e o!r =m ( traffic 9 our /reets & along our roads & lanes4 ,to individualise ^! v>i\s outcomes ( electrical traction spread ov] ! l5g? & bread? ( ,great ,brita9 is impossible4 ,_! names & _! /ati/ics are enroll$ 9 ,g>cke's ,manual ( ,electrical ,und]tak+s1 a "w t1 l ,kelly's ,london ,directory1 gr[s bigg] & bigg] e ye>4 ,i propose1 !re=e1 only to notice "s ( ! pr9cipal ones2 &1 naturally1 ! pione] railway l9es %\ld h ! place ( hon\r4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,"s ,,pione] ,,electric ,,railways 8,a wor?y pione]40--,,%akespe>e4 ,,! ,,giant',s ,,causeway ,,railway ,9 ! mon? ( ,m>*1 #ahhc1 by ! op5+ ( ! ,giant's ,causeway1 ,portru%1 & ,bu% ,valley ,railway1 ! si/] isl& a*iev$ ! hon\r & glory ( %[+ ! way to ! 8pr$om9ant p>tn]0 9 ! matt] ( electrical traction ent]prise2 w9n+1 h[ev]1 only by a head1 = 9 ,augu/ ( ! same ye> ! ,brighton ,bea* ,electric ,railway 0 inaugurat$4 ,:o among/ u c say !y "k ,irel& well8 ,to ! av]age t\ri/ x /ill rema9s an unexplor$ c\ntry4 ,! travell+ ,am]ican1 h[ev]1 z a rule1 does x f end to end4 ,comm5c+ ) ,dubl91 8do+0 ,kill>ney1 & work+ r\nd ! magnific5t we/ coa/1 he returns vi ! ,nor? ,*annel1 always tak+ en r\te on ! coa/ ( ,antrim ! ,giant's ,causeway1 ?und]$ ^u by /orms f ! wild ,atlantic4 ,!re1 almo/ )9 hail ( ,brita91 are ^? /range gr\ps ( basaltic columns s famili> to geological /ud5ts1 int5sely int]e/+1 inve/$ ) _m an old & my/ic ,celtic leg5d1 yet until rec5tly difficult ( access1 z o!r /rik+ regions 9 ,irel&--an isl& ab\nd+ n only 9 awe-inspir+ sc5]y1 b 9 seque/]$ spots ( sylvan beauty2 a fair l& ( m\nta9s & hills1 lakes & wat]falls1 cry/al /reams1 & spl5did h>b\rs2 truly call$ ! ,em]ald ,isle2 :]e ! grass is gre5e/1 & r>e conif] fl\ri%2 :]e ! myrtle ne$s no %elt]1 & ! arbutus blooms & fruits to p]fection1 & fl[]s are ev]y:]e1 = e little enclosure 9 due season gl[s ) ! brighte/ ( flax & potato blossom2 & lanes & op5 c\ntry are gay ) />-l m>igolds1 %amrock1 violets1 honeysuckle1 mead[sweet1 catse>1 scabi\s1 l>ge purple bugle1 & su*-l l[ly b welcome plants4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,,! ,,giant',s ,,causeway4 ,by p]mission ( ,?os4 ,cook & ,son1 ,ludgate ,circus ,f ,portru% x is easy to rea* ! ,causeway1 ?\gh once !re1 "o (t5 has to wait = fav\rable wea!r be=e proce$+ to explore its cav]n\s wond]s by wat]4 ,! pres5t l5g? ( ! railway is #h miles ( s+le l9e1 its gauge be+ #c feet4 ,x is work$ p>tly by /eam & p>tly by electricity on ! ov]head sy/em1 ! curr5t be+ d]iv$ f a g5]at+ /ation ?ree-qu>t]s ( a mile away1 :]e ?ree hydraulic turb9es1 f$ by an adjo9+ wat]fall1 op]ate ! dynamo4 ,al?\gh ! railway is out ( ! way & on a small scale1 ! attractions ( ! ,causeway & ! surr\nd+ di/rict result 9 a respectable pass5g] traffic ( ov] a hundr$ ?\s& p] annum4 ,,! ,,brighton ,,bea* ,,railway ,"u ! sanction ( ! ,brighton ,t[n ,c\ncil1 ! ,magnus ,volk ,co41 ,ltd41 n[ "w ! ,brighton ,bea* ,electric ,tram-railway1 :i* at its op5+ 0 reg>d$ z a great novelty & curiosity1 con/itut+ an additional attraction & amusem5t to 8,london by ! sea10 & t5s ( ?\s&s mu/ h tak5 a ride 9 its little op5 c>s s9ce x came into exi/5ce tw5ty ye>s ago4 ,! gauge is b #b feet #h in*es1 ! 8fe$]s0 are und]gr\nd1 ! propell+ sy/em is electric1 ) a ?ird rail1 & its spe$ is ab\t #ab miles an h\r4 ,/>t+ f ! we/ pi]1 opposite ! ,royal ,aqu>ium1 x sets out on its "o mile & a half r\te ( s+le l9e & dips b5ea? ! level ( ! ,m>9e ,p>ade to a level a little above ! bea*1 pass+ en r\te1 ?\gh hidd5 f view1 _m l&m>ks ( old ,brighton1 su* z ,p>k ,place & ,g>d5s1 ,royal ,cresc5t1 ,m>9e ,squ>e1 & ,lewes ,cresc5t1 & t]m9at+ at a po9t ne> ,black ,rock4 ,?is 0 ! ea/]n end ( ,old ,brighton1 not$ = _m an orig9al "* 9 ! 8tw5ties0 & 8?irties10 n ! lea/ int]e/+ ( :om 7 old ,m>?a ,gunn1 que5 ( ! ba?+-ma*9es1 & ,sak ,de5 ,mahom$1 a native ( ! ,ea/1 :o introduc$ ! art ( %ampoo+ into ! t[n1 & liv$ to become a c5t5>ian1 8 fame be+ en%r9$ 9 v]se by ,james ,smi?1 "o ( ! au?ors ( ,reject$ ,addresses1 :o humor\sly pr$ict$ 8 longevity z foll[s3-- 8,sprung d\btless f ,abdullah's son1 ,?y miracles ?y sire's outrun1 ,?y cures 8 dea?s outnumb]2 ,8 c(f9 so>s 'twixt heav'n & e>?1 ,b ?\1 )9 t n>r[ b]?1 ,immortal1 ne'er %all slumb]40 ,_m h be5 ! *anges 9 ,brighton s9ce ^? days4 ,arundel ,t]race1 ,kemp ,t[n1 ,ultima ,?ule 9 ! ea/2 ,adelaide ,cresc5t ) ,palmyra ,squ>e1 its we/]n b\nd>y4 ,f ! fields to ! nor? ( t squ>e c\ld be se51 a mile or s (f1 ! village ( ,hove1 ! int]v5+ space be+ dott$ ) f>ms4 ,no "o c\ld h dreamt t a great railway-/ation w\ld be built !re1 ) m9or ones at ,kemp ,t[n1 ,we/ ,brighton1 & ,hove4 ,old resid5ts c\ld n h pictur$ a ,gr& ,aqu>ium1 a ,we/]n & ,ea/]n ,pi]1 nor ! de/ruction ( _! famili> ,*a9 ,pi]4 ,!y w\ld be amaz$ at ! spread ( ,brighton 9 e direction1 ! spr++ up ( palatial hotels l ! 8,mtropole0 & 8,gr&10 & ! increase ( ! population to "s hundr$ & fifty ?\s&2 :ile ! coa*+ _w1 head$ by ! popul> ,sir ,/4 ,v9c5t ,cotton1 pr9ce ( amateur :ips1 & all ! confrat]nity ( coa*m5 & hackney-coa* driv]s1 w\ld h ?\ght anyone a lunatic :o _h d>$ to prophesy t "o day a conveyance drawn )\t horses or /eam p[] w\ld c>ry pass5g]s along ! ,brighton bea*6 ,,! ,,city ,,& ,,s\? ,,london ,,railway ,= _m ye>s prior to #ahij1 9 ,grace*ur* ,/reet1 at a po9t ne> its junction ) ,ea/*eap1 c\ld be se5 e day ( ! week num]\s omnibuses arriv+ betwe5 n9e & elev5 a4m41 & dep>t+ betwe5 five & eight p4m41 = ! suburbs ov] ! wat]4 ,^! 'buses regul>ly pli$ betwe5 ,london & ,k5n+ton1 ,walwor?1 ,camb]well1 ,/ockwell1 ,clapham1 & ,brixton 7a few j\rney+ to ,dulwi* & ,peckham71 = ! special accommodation ( dwell]s 9 ^? fav\rite localities engag$ 9 bus9ess dur+ ! day4 ,weal?y 8pr9cipals0 ( m]cantile & brok]s' firms drove to & f _! com=table ,surrey villas 9 well-equipp$ c>riages1 ! junior memb]s 9 sm>t traps or dog-c>ts2 b ! small m]*ants & small] brok]s1 ! head cl]ks & ! rank & file :o d all ! h>d "w1 _h to make use ( ^! omnibuses1 & :5 exceptionally bad wea!r prev5t$ ! vehicles runn+1 !y _h to get to & f _! (fices z be/ !y c\ld on foot4 ,to ! work+ man1 liv+1 say1 at ,brixton1 & engag$ ^u a ,city job1 ! f>es--#d;d4 to #h;d4--7 prohibitive4 ,! "t wa/$ 9 ^! conveyances 0 great1 & at ! be/ x 0 an unpleasant way ( travell+2 ov]cr[d+ 0 common1 & ! 8fight = ! trams0 9 #aijc is z no?+ comp>$ to ! frantic ru% = ^? omnibus seats2 :ile on wet days ! sight 0 pite\s4 ,x is true t ,city m5 c\ld use ! ,london1 ,*a?am1 & ,dov] ,railway1 to rea* ^! suburbs1 b ?is involv$ a walk to ,blackfri>s ,/ation1 & ! fac+ ( ! cru% on its dang]\s plat=ms4 ,!re 7 also ! alt]natives ( cross+ ,blackfri>s ,bridge & us+ ! ,london ,tramway ,company's horse-c>s1 or ( =c+ "o's way ov] ,london ,bridge1 tramp+ or 8buss+0 x along ! ,bor\gh ,high ,/reet1 &1 em]g+ at ! 8,elephant & ,ca/le10 !re tapp+ ! trams4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ^! +5i\s alt]native r\tes 7 seldom made use (4 ,at ! close ( bus9ess1 m5 ( all ranks want to get home z fa/ z !y c1 & f "s /ation n f> f _! c\nt+-h\ses4 ,!re=e1 9 ! days ,i am describ+1 h[ c\ld any ( ^? g5tlem5 clad 9 irreproa*able frock-coats & new glossy hats1 :o ea* day ( ! week issu$ f snug (fices 9 ,au/9 ,fri>s1 ,drap]s' ,g>d5s1 or ,cop?all ,c\rt1 ^: bus9ess 0 transact$ ov] ! way at ! 8,h\se02 h[ c\ld ! brok]s ( ,m>k ,lane & ,m9c+ ,lane1 ! und]writ]s at ,lloyd's1 ! %ip-brok]s & %ip-own]s r\nd ab\t ,f5*ur* ,/reet & ,lead5hall ,/reet1 ! fl\ri%+ bill-brok]s ( ,broad ,/reet1 & ! small] m]cantile fry2 h[ c\ld any ( ^!1 if resid5t on ! ,surrey side1 be expect$ to g to & f bus9ess by way ( ,blackfri>s8 ,h[ev]1 ?is unsatisfactory means ( communication 0 h>dly likely to escape ! notice ( su* a/ute exp]ts z ,mr4 ,j4 ,c4 ,mott1 doy5 director ( ! ,great ,we/]n ,railway1 & 8 f>-see+ fri5ds4 ,!y took c\nsel toge!r1 &1 aft] ! usual h>d task ( p]suad+ p1 plans 7 matur$1 & 9 #ahhd an ent]prise 0 organis$ & incorporat$ z ! ,city ( ,london & ,s\?w>k ,subway ,company1 to con/ruct a l9e ( railway f ,k+ ,william ,/reet to ! 8,elephant & ,ca/le10 ) an int]m$iate /ation at ,m>%alsea ,road4 ,?is 0 ! initial /age ( ! pres5t well-kn[n railway4 ,at ! outset1 ?ree po9ts _h to be consid]$4 ,h[ 0 ! subway to be con/ruct$8 ,:at motive p[] %\ld be employ$8 ,& h[ 0 ! deep level to be rea*$ by ! pass5g]s8 ,a subway "u ! ,?ames 0 no novelty4 ,! directors ( ! new l9e 7 n ! 8fir/ t ev] bur/ into t sil5t sea0 ( mud & gravel at ! bottom ( ! swift-fl[+ riv]4 ,brunel _h be5 long be=e !m ) 8 co/ly ,?ames ,tunnel1 & ,b>l[ _h ye>s ago laid ^u its oozy b$ ! ,t[] ,subway ( iron4 ,x 0 decid$ t a tube1 or1 r1 two indep5d5t tunnels ( ca/-iron r+s1 %\ld be driv5 side by side b5ea? ! bottom ( ! /ream1 a little to ! we/ ( ,london ,bridge1 & cont9u$ on ! ,surrey side4 ,on ?is sy/em ! "w 0 begun by ! contractors1 ,siem5s ,bro!rs & ,ma!r & ,platt1 & proce$$ ) q out ( public sight4 ,x 0 accompani$ ) _m di%e>t5+ delays & seem+ly insurm\ntable difficulties2 b !y 7 all successfully ov]come1 & ! tubes 7 br\ght to a tempor>y end at ! 8,swan10 ,/ockwell1 to :i* *>m+ retreat1 by an ,act ( ,p>liam5t1 #ahhg1 an ext5sion ( ! l9e _h be5 sanction$1 mak+ its l5g? a little ov] ?ree miles4 ,! motive p[] ev5tually select$ 0 electricity1 /eam be+ impracticable1 & ! funicul> or cable sy/em consid]$ unreliable4 ,access to & f ! tra9s 0 to be obta9$ at ! /ations by means ( capaci\s tw9-lifts capable ( hold+ _m p at a "t4 ,!n ! problem ( h[ be/ to utilise ! ample 8p[]10 g5]at$ at ! ,/ockwell ,/ation1 = haul+ ! c>s1 _h to be s]i\sly tackl$4 ,x 0 n a "q ( a toy l9e l t on ! ,brighton bea*1 b ( ! driv+ at fair spe$1 say #ae miles an h\r1 ( comp>atively heavy coa*es lad5 ) pass5g]s1 & at frequ5t int]vals4 ,altoge!r x 0 a new dep>ture 9 electric traction4 ,h[ ! motor locomotives 7 effectually to pick up ! curr5t 0 ! puzzle :i* _h to be solv$1 or ! ent]prise might at ! la/ mom5t collapse & ! subscrib$ capital be lo/4 ,aft] an inf9ite am\nt ( anxi\s exp]im5t+ on ! "p ( ,mr4 ,mott & 8 sci5tific advis]s--! n>rative ( :i*1 z told me by t vet]an1 s\nd$ l a romance--by a happy inspiration ! way 0 hit ^u2 & all o!r te*nical difficulties ov]come1 ! l9e 0 pron\nc$ to be 9 work+ ord] 7#ahij71 aft] a s]ies ( trial trips1 at "o ( :i* ! writ] _h ! privilege ( be+ pres5t4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,"s ,,pione] ,,electric ,,railways 7cont9u$7 ,a ,,trial ,,trip ,,9 ,,! ,,city ,,& ,,s\? ,,london ,,railway ,"o o'clock saw a l>ge p>ty ( u1 *iefly ,city m51 among/ :om 7 num]\s civil eng9e]s1 wait+ at ,k+ ,william ,/reet book+-(fice to desc5d into ! b[els ( ! e>? by "o ( ! semicircul> lifts1 a novelty 9 po9t ( size4 ,our turn hav+ come1 we duly fil$ into ! elevator4 ,! telescopic doors cla%$ ^u u1 & we /ood = a second or two sil5tly expectant1 feel+ l a bat* ( condemn$ crim9als on a gigantic scaffold wait+ = ! hangman to draw back ! fatal lev] t w\ld laun* !m into ! o!r _w4 ,noiselessly ! lift desc5d$ to an app>5tly fa?omless dep?1 b 9 reality1 ,i believe1 "s #ij or #ajj feet4 ,:5 releas$ by ! janitor1 we f\nd ourselves 9 a small1 well-light$1 cool1 & spotlessly clean1 :ite-til$ /ation1 :5ce 0 disc]nible a c\ple ( small tunnels side by side1 lead+ to unkn[n regions1 seem+ly all too n>r[ to accommodate ev5 ! m9iature c>s wait+ = u at "o ( ! n>r[ plat=ms4 ,inspect+ ! tunnels1 ! classical man ( our p>ty1 a wag 9 8 way1 :o _h hi!rto made no rem>k1 0 he>d to mutt] some?+ 9 ,lat91 :i*1 on be+ co]c$1 he admitt$ 0 out ( ,virgil1 & 0 translat$ ?us3 8,?is is ! spot :]e ! way divides 9 two bran*es40 ,9 va9 we po9t$ out t ! quotation 0 inappropriate1 z ! ways 7 p>allel4 ,he 0 obdurate1 s we left him to 8 own reflections4 ,to mo/ ( u accu/om$ to roomy ,pullmans & commodi\s railway c>riages1 ! c>s1 ?\gh com=table1 seem$ cramp$1 especially 9 height4 ,! signal giv51 (f we />t$1 :5 we notic$ t ! c>s fitt$ ! tube ) su* nicety & economy ( space t1 c\ld ! w9d[s h be5 let d[n1 we c\ld easily h t\*$ ! iron plates ( ! tunnel4 ,we realis$1 too1 t al?\gh !re 0 no smoke or smell1 ! railway 0 by no means noiseless2 nei!r1 9 ! op9ion ( sev]al ( ! exp]ts pres5t1 0 ! runn+ z /eady z on ! 8,und]gr\nd40 ,a h9t _h be5 giv5 u t at "s po9t :]e ! l9e dipp$ & rose aga9 ! c>s might come to a tempor>y /&/ill4 ,z we r uneasily recall$ ?is1 ! spe$ gradually slack5$1 & f9ally ! tra9 /opp$ altoge!r1 & simultane\sly ! inc&esc5t lights began to pale1 & at la/ subsid$ into filam5ts ( sickly r$4 ,! situation 0 n a pleasant "o4 ,!re we 72 _m ( u ) important engagem5ts await+ u lat] 9 ! day2 mo/ ( u ) wives & *ildr5 :o w\ld expect u home z usual :5 ev5+ arriv$1 & gr[ anxi\s at our abs5ce4 ,!re we 7 seal$ up 9 a tube1 = all we knew1 at a po9t b5ea? ! ,?ames4 ,n a s\nd rea*$ u f ! locomotive1 or1 inde$1 f any:]e4 ,7 we ?us to rema9 indef9itely8 ,= walk out we c\ld n1 !re be+ no room outside ! c>riages4 ,w\ld "s memorial tablet let into ! side ( ,london ,bridge1 mon?s h5ce1 recall ! fact t ne> x a goodly company ( highly respectable citiz5s _h p]i%$ 9 a liv+ tomb8 ,i don't ?9k we talk$ mu*4 ,x 0 lun*eon-"t2 we 7 hungry1 & we felt l ! occupants ( ! sn[$-up c>s 9 "o ( ,m>k ,twa9's /ories1 :o gloomily ey$ "o ano!r z />vation ?reat5$1 calculat+ ^u :om1 by an +5i\s & complicat$ sy/em ( vot+ previ\sly agre$ to1 w\ld next fall ! lot ( be+ sacrific$ = ! b5efit ( ! re/1 & ,i believe ,i f\nd myself unconsci\sly speculat+ on ! plumpness ( a y\?ful /ockbrok] /&+ by my side4 ,b aft] a v few mom5ts ( susp5se ! tra9 rattl$ on aga91 ! lights reappe>$1 & pres5tly we drew up at ! ,bor\gh1 ! fir/ /ation on ! ,surrey side4 ,railway book+-(fices are n usually ?+s ( beauty1 lea/ ( all ^? on ! ,metropolitan1 ,di/rict1 & suburban l9es4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 0 a surprise1 = we f\nd q a picturesque /one-&-brick build+ on ! gr\nd-floor1 a cupola surm\nt+ ! prettily design$ entrance1 & a small dome ) lant]n by way ( ro(4 ,& ?is 0 a sample ( all ! /ations along ! l9e4 ,! ,bor\gh recall$ ! ,m>%alsea t once /ood close by2 & !re opposite 0 ,/4 ,george's1 ,s\?w>k1 :]e ,little ,dorrit1 accid5tally lock$ out ( ! prison1 0 all[$ by 8! sexton1 or ! beadle1 or ! v]g]1 or :atev] he 010 to take refuge 9 ! ve/ry1 :]e1 ye>s aft]w>ds1 %e sign$ ! m>riage regi/] :5 w$d$ to ,ar?ur ,cl5nam4 ,! next /oppage 0 at ! ,elephant & ,ca/le--n ! tav]n ( t "n1 :]e 9 ! pa/ on ,d]by ,day ! sup]abundant holiday traffic usually became hopelessly conge/$1 b ! ,city & ,s\? ,london's new /ation1 close to ,spurgeon's ,tab]nacle1 ,rabbits' great boot w>eh\se1 & ,t>n's va/ emporium1 t seems to occupy mo/ ( ,new+ton ,causeway4 ,onw>ds to ,k5n+ton ,common1 once ! place ( public executions = ,surrey1 n[ a well-kept m9iature p>k4 ,beyond x1 ,k5n+ton ,oval1 associat$ ) cricket all ! _w ov]2 & f9ally we arriv$ at ,/ockwell1 ! !n t]m9us ( ! l9e1 s9ce ext5d$ to ,clapham1 :]e ,tom ,hood us$ to g to s*ool at a h\se 8) ugly w9d[s t5 9 a r[1 its *imney 9 ! re>10 a /yle ( ar*itecture ( :i* _m specim5s /ill exi/ r\nd & ab\t ! ,common4 ,at ,/ockwell we visit$ ! g5]at+ /ation1 rec5tly mu* ext5d$1 & provid$ ) entirely new plant1 &1 wond]+ at & admir+ all we saw1 le>n$ f ! *ief eng9e] t ! contretemps en r\te 0 due to a slight defect 9 ! new & untri$ p[]-ma*9]y2 & ?us at ! po9t :]e ! dip 9 ! l9e 0 greate/1 ! c>s /opp$4 ,an excell5t lun*eon re/or$ u all to eloqu5ce & equanimity1 ext+ui%+ ! cannibali/ic feel+ ( half an h\r ago1 &1 return+ )\t any incid5t wor? record+1 we em]g$ once m 9 ! ,city1 to be greet$ by ! noise ( ! traffic t ev] surges ar\nd ,k+ ,william ! ,f\r?'s /atue4 ,^? 7 ! 8gre5 salad0 days ( ,london's ,pione] ,electric ,railway ,l9e4 ,n[ x runs )\t a hit*1 & has be5 ext5d$ nor? z f> z ! hi/oric 8,angel10 ?us giv+ a direct r\te betwe5 ,clapham & ,isl+ton4 ,x has p[]s to ex*ange traffic ) ! ,great ,nor!rn & ! ,city ,railway vi ,old ,/reet1 & also to connect itself ) ! ,bak] ,/reet & ,wat]loo ,electric ,railway at ! ,elephant & ,ca/le ,/ation2 & 9 a new build+ at ,f9sbury ,pavem5t x n[ has commodi\s head (fices4 ,at ! la/ half-ye>ly g5]al meet+ ! *airman1 ,mr4 ,c4 ,g4 ,mott1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 spee*1 /at$ t ! ,bo>d aspir$ to h a ?or\ghly fir/-class t]m9us 9 ! ,city ( ,london1 & _h deposit$ plans ) ?is view4 ,!y propos$ to con/ruct ?is /ation betwe5 ! pres5t ,bank ,/ation & ! ,k+ ,william ,/reet /atue4 ,t ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,railway is mo/ useful & popul> is %[n by ! numb] ( pass5g]s x has c>ri$--"s n9ety millions s9ce its op5+--! returns = la/ ye> %[+ ab\t eighte5 millions1 ov] a total r\te ( ab\t sev5 miles4 ,= ! conv5i5ce ( travell]s1 x ev5tually w h subways1 connect+ its ,lomb>d ,/reet ,/ation ) ! ,bank ,/ation ( ! ,c5tral ,london ,railway1 & x already has !m f its new ,london ,bridge ,/ation to ! ,london1 ,brighton1 & ,s\? ,coa/ ,railway4 ,f9ally1 x c boa/ ( possess+ a /ation bel[ a *ur*--a unique position1 ,i believe4 ,/4 ,m>y ,woolno?'s f\ndations 7 completely remov$1 ! vaults cle>$ out1 & ! :ole replac$ by huge iron gird]s1 :]eon ! sacr$ edifice n[ re/s1 ) ! book+-(fice bel[4 ,,! ,,wat]loo ,,& ,,city ,,railway ,! mon? ( ,augu/1 #ahih1 0 unusually w>m1 & ! heat 0 felt z mu* 9 ! ,city z any:]e4 ,/raw hats 7 univ]sal2 ! %ady side ( ! /reet1 if !re happ5$ to be "o1 0 ?rong$2 seclud$ alleys & c\rts 7 resort$ to by ! kn[+ ones :o c\ld af=d ! "t to l+] !re2 & ev5 highly respectable m]*ants 7 to be f\nd sitt+ 9 %irt-sleeves at _! writ+-tables & wi%+1 ) ,sydney ,smi?1 t !y c\ld 8sit 9 _! bones40 ,at ! junction ( ! ,p\ltry ) ,victoria ,/reet1 %ad[$ by ! ,mansion ,h\se1 f ea* side ( ! road a my/]i\s ho>d+ _h j be5 remov$1 reveal+ an iron rail+ enclos+ a small area ) a my/]i\s /aircase be>+ ! ann\ncem5t t x l$ to ! subway to ! new electric railway1 connect+ ! ,city ) ,wat]loo ,/ation4 ,desc5d+ a few /eps1 & em]g+ into a tunnell$ incl9e1 ! p]spir+ p$e/rian quickly f\nd t "h1 if any:]e1 0 a refuge f ! heat1 ! coole/ place 9 ,london1 & t x 0 well wor? :ile1 on ! pret5ce ( urg5t bus9ess across ! wat]1 to pay twop5ce ea* way1 m]ely to dr9k 9 ! refre%+ air waft$ backw>ds & =w>ds along subway1 plat=m1 & tube4 ,?is 0 ! ,wat]loo & ,city ,railway1 a %ort deep-level l9e on ! tube pr9ciple1 ne>ly #a miles long1 burr[+ "u ! ,?ames' b$4 ,at ! t]m9us1 by r prolong$ incl9es & /aircases1 pass5g]s c\ld walk to ! ma9 or suburban plat=ms ( ,wat]loo ,/ation & cat* ! tra9s = ,wimbl$on1 ,hampton ,c\rt1 ,surbiton1 etc4 ,l ! ,city & ,s\? ,london1 ?is railway meets a great want4 ,be=e its op5+1 ,city m5 liv+ d[n ! ,london & ,s\? ,we/]n l9e _h no alt]native b to cat* a ,s\? ,ea/]n tra9 f ,cannon ,/reet or ,*>+ ,cross2 to take an omnibus vi ! ,/r& across to ,wat]loo ,bridge2 or to cab x by devi\s r\tes vi ,blackfri>s ,bridge4 ,n[ !y c rea* ,wat]loo ) ease1 com=t1 & economy4 ,"u agreem5t1 ! l9e is work$ by ! ,london & ,s\? ,we/]n ,railway ,company4 ,! electrical equipm5t is by ! fam\s firm ( ,siem5s ,bro!rs1 ! g5]at+ /ation be+ up a bl9d alley adjo9+ ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,,wat]loo ,,& ,,city ,,railway',s ,,new ,,patt]n ,,c> ,by p]mission ( ! 8,tramway & ,railway ,_w0 ,publi%+ ,co41 ,london ! dismal ar*$ entrance to ,wat]loo f ,york ,road4 ,ea* tra9 seats #bjh pass5g]s2 ! av]age spe$ is #ah miles an h\r1 & its usefulness is prov$ by ! fact t ov] two & a half million ord9>y pass5g]s 7 c>ri$ by x 9 "o half-ye>1 i4e4 to ,decemb] #ca/1 #aijb 7n c\nt+ season-ticket hold]s71 :ile ! receipts = t p]iod 7 #ag1djj4 ,dur+ ! busy h\rs ( morn+ & ev5+ ! l>ge tra9s are us$ & always fill up rapidly1 b 9 ! slack times ( midday s+le motor-c>s1 ea* c>ry+ #ej pass5g]s1 are suffici5t to cope ) ! traffic4 ,! c>s are r /uffy1 &1 l ! tra9 c>s1 are n>r[ & l[4 ,at ea* end is a small p>tition$-(f 8cab10 :]e sits a motor-man4 ,no tickets are issu$ f ! book+-(fice2 b1 z 9 an omnibus1 ! conductor comes r\nd & collects ! f>es1 giv+ a pun*$ v\*] 9 return1 :i* is reta9$ by ! travell]4 ,,! ,,liv]pool ,,ov]head ,,electric ,,railway ,!re are few ov]head1 or1 r1 elevat$1 railways 9 ! _w4 ,someh[ !y d n seem to be popul>1 & ! t5d5cy1 9 ,engl& at lea/1 is r t[>ds burr[+ l ! mole1 ?an so>+ above ! /reet level4 ,9 ,g]many !re is a wond]ful in/ance ( electrically driv5 ov]head l9e betwe5 ,elb]feld & ,b>m51 on ! mono-rail pr9ciple1 ! tra9s hang+ f tracks susp5d$ high above riv]s & public roads4 ,at ! great ,beckton gas works !re has be5 9 use s9ce #ahid an iron-built m9iature railway elevat$ on pill>s1 & x is a curi\s sight to witness busy little eng9es incessantly haul+ coal trucks f ! pi] to ! retort h\ses4 ,an +5i\s example ( ! elevat$ pr9ciple is to be se5 at ! ,victoria ,/ation1 ,man*e/]1 :]e a railway on a v r$uc$ scale conveys pass5g]s' luggage f "o plat=m to ano!r1 & idl]s are nev] tir$ ( wat*+ x4 ,! track1 a d\ble "o1 is susp5d$ f ! ro( & runs betwe5 plat=ms five & six4 ,! motive p[] is electricity1 & ! motor is plac$ betwe5 ! :eels & ! track1 & x lifts & l[]s a basket :i* holds ab\t #ae cwt4 ( luggage4 ,a wond]ful in/ance ( a v elevat$ railway exi/$ at ,bea*y ,head :ile ! new ligh?\se 0 be+ built #fjj feet di/ant f ! base ( ! cliff1 at t po9t #djj feet high4 ,x convey$ mat]ial to ! site1 ! desc5d+ load draw+ up ! asc5d+ empty 8skip0 on ! ov]head susp5sion pr9ciple4 ,our ,new ,york c\s9s h1 9 _! elevat$ /eam railway1 long be5 famili>is$ ) ! sy/em1 b = ,london]s x possesses ! fatal objection t ! occupants ( ! c>s z !y pass along c look into ! front w9d[s ( ! h\ses & spy ^u ! occupants4 ,runn+ along docks1 h[ev]1 elevat$ railways are n objectionable2 & ! e>lie/ example1 9 ?is or any o!r c\ntry1 ( electricity appli$ to ov]head traction is at ,liv]pool4 ,ext5d+ along ! ,m]sey--t noble riv] ^: tidal movem5t is said to be f\r times ! outfall ( ! ,mississippi--= a di/ance ( #f miles are ! ,liv]pool ,docks1 9 importance und\bt$ly ! fir/ 9 ! _w1 b1 until ! ,ov]head ,railway 0 op5$1 exasp]at+ly inaccessible to bus9ess m5 ^: "t 0 valuable1 & bewild]+ to /rang]s by reason ( _! imm5sity4 ,along ! l9e ( dock1 x is true1 ran broad-:eel$ omnibuses built to run on ! l[-level dock railway1 b s sl[1 9 consequ5ce ( ! pressure ( traffic & ! necessity = frequ5t %unt+s = ! passage ( goods tra9s1 t to rea* ! f>!/ dock usually occupi$ ov] an h\r4 ,to improve ^u ?is x 0 propos$1 z f> back z #aheb1 to con/ruct a high-level railway2 b no?+ practical came ( x until #ahhh1 :5 ! ,liv]pool ,ov]head ,railway ,company took ov] ! p>liam5t>y p[]s obta9$ by ! ,dock ,bo>d1 & sett+ /eadily to "w1 creat$ _! l9e = pass5g]s only1 &1 f ! fir/1 a*iev$ a great success1 ! numb] ( travell]s am\nt+ to _m millions annually4 ,on ! #d? ( ,febru>y1 #ahic1 ! railway 0 appropriately op5$ by ! ex-,prime ,m9i/]1 ,"l ,salisbury1 ^: devotion to ! sci5ce ( electricity is well kn[n4 ,press+ a button at ! base ( a silv] ink/& 7subsequ5tly pres5t$ to ! ,m>quis z a mem5to71 ! eng9es t g5]at$ ! electric curr5t 7 set 9 motion1 & by special tra9 8 lord%ip 0 convey$ ov] ! sev5 miles ( l9e1 & aft]w>ds ent]ta9$ at a banquet by ! ,mayor1 :51 9 an excell5t spee*1 he dilat$ ^u ! prospect ( electricity becom+ ! motive p[] ( ! age4 ,9 ! foll[+ mon? ! railway 0 op5$ = public traffic1 &1 ) its ?irte5 /ations1 its five m9utes' s]vice1 & its *eap f>es1 practically ext+ui%$ ! omnibuses1 light or heavy4 ,f ! ,ov]head ,railway a spl5did view is obta9$ ( ! busie/ locality p]haps 9 ! empire4 ,bel[ are ! railway trucks pack$ close ) import$ m]*&ise ( all k9ds3 cotton f ,am]ica & ! ,ea/2 gra9 f ! ends ( ! e>?2 beef1 bacon1 *eese1 butt]1 fl\r1 & fruit f ! ,new ,_w2 wool & tall[ f ,au/ralia & ,arg5t9a4 ,waggons ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4 ,,! ,,liv]pool ,,ov]head ,,electric ,,railway ,by p]mission ( ! ,liv]pool ,ov]head ,electric ,railway ,co4 & c>ts fill$ ) ,man*e/] goods1 h>dw>e1 ma*9]y1 *emicals1 & e imag9able k9d ( manufactur$ goods are alongside ! big l9]s t come into port1 dis*>ge _! c>goes1 load up1 & are out 9 ! ,m]sey & (f to sea aga9 9 a few days4 ,truly ,liv]pool is a wond]ful place1 & al?\gh h] greatness z a seaport has be5 ?reat5$ by ! op5+ ( ! ,%ip ,canal to ,man*e/]1 x w be a long day be=e %e surr5d]s h] claim to be ! *ief m>9e approa* to ,great ,brita94 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,rem>kable ,,electric ,,railways 8,behold !y %all come ) spe$ swiftly40--,,isaiah v4 #bf4 ,,mono-,,railways ,a "o-rail railway6 ,:at k9d ( novelty c t be1 emanat+ no d\bt f ! prolific bra9 ( "s en?usia/ic eng9e] possess$ ) an idea1 a fad1 a craze--call x :at y w6 ,we are accu/om$ to highly respectable tra9s runn+ 9 an or?odox mann] on d\ble rails4 ,a project$1 _m-rail$ track we h also he>d ( to c>ry %ips bodily across ! ,i/hmus ( ,panama4 ,b ! idea ( a s+le-rail 8,fly+ ,dut*man0 or 8,wild ,iri%man0 seems *im]ical4 ,x is n s1 h[ev]1 & ! sy/em has be5 solemnly & delib]ately sanction$ by ,act ( ,p>liam5t4 ,n[adays "o ne$ n be a/oni%$ at any?+4 ,take cycl+1 = in/ance4 ,long ago1 :5 velocip$es--?ree or f\r-:eel$1 uncanny ma*9es--7 m]e toys :]e) y\?s lov$ to dislocate _! jo9ts on ! l[] t]races ( ! ,cry/al ,palace1 no "o dreamt t bicycles1 outrag+ all ! laws ( gravitation & practically mono-:eel$1 w\ld ere long be us$ on road & field & moor1 on m\nta9-side1 on /eppe & des]t1 ov] b>r5 ,asiatic tundras & sn[-clad ,yukon pla9s--9 %ort1 :]ev] adv5tur\s mank9d has p5etrat$4 ,! mono-rail tra91 l a bicycle1 runs on "o l9e> track1 b1 unlike t hopelessly collapsible ma*9e1 requires no balanc+1 & _c capsize1 & "u prop] conditions is ! safe/ kn[n me?od ( travell+ at v great spe$4 8,faire prose sans le savoir0 is a famili> aphorism ( ,molire1 b p]haps x w\ld a/oni% mo/ ( u to be calmly told by mod]n eng9e]s t all our lives we h1 )\t kn[+ x1 be5 travell+ on mono-railways6 ,!y ass]t t al?\gh x is true t ! ord9>y eng9e ) its coa*es re/s on a pair ( rails1 ! fact t ! space betwe5 ! rails is cut away is immat]ial1 z x is r5d]$ a s+le track by ! rigidity ( ! c>riage axles1 & if ^! 7 loose1 ( c\rse ! tra9 w\ld ov]turn4 ,nature has no example ( mono-railwayism 7to co9 an expression71 unless x be ! gossam] or %oot+ spid]1 t ^u a s+le invisible ?read spun f its body asc5ds to a]ial heights on a k9d ( self-manufactur$ mono-rail1 ,dame ,nature be+ too lavi% & too wise1 9 ! p]fect fre$om %e accords to birds1 bea/s1 fi%es1 & insects1 to re/rict _! movem5ts to "o undeviat+ pa?4 ,9 ! moral _w !re h always be5 mono-raili/s1 m5 ( "o fix$ idea1 f :i* !y c\ld n1 or w\ld n1 budge--apo/les ( an ambition1 a cre$1 a !ory1 a political conviction4 ,! _w has _h its ,alex&] ! ,great1 its ,napoleon1 ,buddha1 ,/4 ,paul1 ,mahomet1 ,m>t9 ,lu!r1 ,ignatius ,loyola1 ,wycliffe1 its ,palissy1 ,george ,/eph5son1 ,mungo ,p>k1 ,john ,bright1 & ,cobd54 ,x has be5 left to ! inv5tive me*anical g5ius ( ! n9ete5? c5tury to develop ! mono-rail sy/em4 ,d\btless ^? inscrutable p1 ! ,*9ese1 knew ( x1 & appli$ x 9 "s way long ago2 & p]haps ! yet m my/]i\s dwell]s 9 anci5t ,egypt--:5ce all wisdom seems to h desc5d$--utilis$ x aft] "s unkn[n fa%ion4 ,blond91 9 8 m>vell\s feat ( trundl+ a :eel-b>r[ conta9+ a man along ! high-level rope1 us$ a hemp5 mono-rail2 & ! wire cables /ret*+ across ! ,?ames at ! recon/ruct$ bridges at ,kew & ,vauxhall1 act+ z travell+ ways to convey ! excavat$ soil f ! c(f]-dams 9 l>ge iron 8skips0 or buckets1 7 ano!r species ( mono-rail2 :ile at home 9 brickfields1 & 9 m9es1 & on plantations 9 di/ant l&s1 m9iature railways h be5 us$ = ye>s to c>ry clay1 ore1 & produce1 ov] pla9 & hill & dale4 ,9 ,india a peculi> k9d ( tramway truck has be5 9 use = "s "t1 ) two or ?ree flang$ :eels :i* run on a s+le rail1 & a l>ge balance-:eel on "o side ( ! truck to prev5t x toppl+ ov]4 ,produce ( all k9ds c easily be drawn ^u x by a c\ple ( coolies1 & its effici5cy on c\ntry roads has be5 highly spok5 (4 ,g]many pres5ts u ) a rec5t & curi\s example ( ! application ( ! pr9ciple to locomotion4 ,9 ! ,wupp] ,valley ne> ,dusseldorf & ,cologne !re are two t[ns1 ,b>m5 & ,elb]feld1 ab\t eight miles ap>t1 mutually engag$ 9 *emical & textile indu/ries1 & ?is sep>ation ( ! si/]-t[ns 0 an obvi\s disadvantage to bo?4 ,b n[ !y are jo9$ by a wond]ful railway1 con/ruct$ on an elevat$ l9e runn+ six miles ( its c\rse above ! ,riv] ,wupp]1 a tribut>y ( ! ,rh9e1 "s sixty to a hundr$ feet wide4 ,! c>riages are susp5d$1 & "w ^u a s+le rail1 a developm5t ( ! travell+ cable-way sy/em4 ,?is rail is rigidly fa/5$ to an iron framework ( gird]s1 & supports ! c>s hang+ !refrom by means ( two /eel 8bogies0 ) two :eels4 ,?us !y c pass r\nd %>p curves )\t slack5+ spe$ & ) ! greate/ safety1 its motive p[]1 electricity1 be+ appli$ by two motors on ea* c>riage :i* drive bo? :eels ) equal =ce at a spe$ fix$ at ?irty-"o miles an h\r1 & atta9able fifte5 seconds aft] />t+4 ,z elevat$ railways ( ?is type are some:at co/ly1 & a simpl] & *eap] =m w\ld be a desid]atum1 a %ort l9e across c\ntry 0 built z an exp]im5t at ,cologne-,deutz4 ,! /ays1 measur+ f #if feet to #bhe feet1 7 made ei!r ( wood1 or ( iron tubes1 & met at ! top 9 a cap1 f :i* 0 jo9t$ ! %eet-iron supports t c>ri$ ! mono-rail4 ,by means ( ?is jo9t$ connection1 ! /ra9 0 always ( a c5tral "*1 &1 !re=e1 m easily borne4 ,at int]vals ( ab\t #ffj feet a c\ple ( /ays 7 firmly brac$ toge!r1 9 ord] to give /ability to ! ov]head /ructure & to take up ! longitud9al ?ru/4 ,9 consequ5ce1 ev5 ) light locomotives1 ! traction p[] 0 v high1 & on ! l9e at ,deutz x 0 f\nd t a locomotive draw+ two c>riages full ( pass5g]s c\ld asc5d a gradi5t ( #a 9 #f ) p]fect safety4 ,b a means ( adapt+ a mono-rail to e condition _h "s "t be=e be5 ?\ght out4 ,9 #ahhc-d ,*>les ,l>tigue1 ! em95t ,fr5* eng9e]1 develop+ ! pr9ciple conceiv$ by ! great ,tel=d1 con/ruct$ "s small l9es 9 ,tunis & ,alg]ia = c>ry+ esp>to grass4 ,! c>s 7 drawn by animals 9 a special =m ( mono-rail1 ! model ^u :i* ,mr4 ,f4 ,b4 ,behr1 ,,ass4 ,,in/4 ,c4,e4--:o mode/ly disclaims all orig9ality 9 ! matt]--has work$ = ye>s1 greatly improv+ 9 practical details ! orig9al design1 & con/ruct+ = ! fir/ "t mono-rail tra9s t h be5 successful 9 ! c>riage ( bo? goods & pass5g]s by /eam & electricity4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4 ,,plan ,,( ,a ,,behr ,,mono-,,railway ,,c> ,by p]mission ( ,mr4 ,f4 ,b4 ,behr1 ,ass4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 ,! ,l>tigue s+le-rail sy/em1 z p]fect$ by ,mr4 ,behr1 is z foll[s1 b ( necessity my description is a m]e outl9e4 ,dismiss+ all preconceiv$ ideas ( rails laid d[n ^u ! gr\nd1 we mu/ imag9e a heavy d\ble-head$ /eel rail firmly bolt$ on to ! summit ( a gird] support$ by tre/les1 ! :ole rigidly fram$ ^u massive sleep]s4 ,we ?us h a p]man5t way some:at resembl+ a cont9u\s ,a-%ap$ metal viaduct1 rais$ ab\t five feet f ! surface1 or a succession ( iron b>ri]s--su* z road-m5d]s make use ( to div]t ! traffic--set ends on1 secur$ to ea* o!r & to ! gr\nd4 ,n[ take an ord9>y railway c> ) seats arrang$ z 9 an omnibus1 b ) two additional r[s back to back 9 ! c5tre4 ,remove ! axles & :eels1 ext5d+ ! sides & ends ( ! c> almo/ d[n to ! gr\nd level1 ?us provid+ b5ea? ! floor+ an enclosure ) ample room = ! locomotive ma*9]y4 ,all along ! bottom ( ?is enclosure is an op5+ or space1 ab\t five feet high--ext5d+ betwe5 ! middle r[s ( seats--t fits ! ,a-%ap$ viaduct1 s t ! c> is susp5d$1 or1 z x 71 sits ^u ! mono-rail1 :]eon roll six v]tical groov$ :eels t1 :5 set 9 motion by ! electric curr5t1 propel ! c>s4 ,?us we h a tra9 app>5tly )\t :eels1 ^! toge!r ) ! app>atus be+ completely hidd5 away betwe5 & b5ea? ! pass5g]s' seats4 ,on ea* side ( ! ,a-%ap$ tre/le are fix$ two guide-rails fitt+ close into horizontal groov$ :eels effectually *eck+ all oscillation4 ,9 front is ! bogie locomotive motor ) a po9t$ b[1 ! /]n ( ! c> also be+ po9t$1 s t ! entire arrangem5t resembles :5 se5 f above a great /ickless rocket ) a %>p & flexible sn\t4 ,z ! si/] isle 0 ! fir/ to adopt electricity to a railway 7vide ,*apt] ,,ii471 s 0 %e ! pione] ( mono-railism4 ,9 ,c\nty ,k]ry1 ,mun/]1 ne> ! ,%annon's m\?1 /&s ! little t[n ( ,li/[el1 & #i miles di/ant is ,ballybunion4 ,to connect ^! a mono-railway = pass5g] & goods traffic 0 op5$ on ,m>* #a/1 #ahhh1 & has work$ ev] s9ce )\t any difficulty4 ,! tra9s are drawn by a /eam locomotive divid$ 9 two1 "o on ea* side ( ! mono-rail--a k9d ( tw9-screw arrangem5t--& ) _! smoke-/acks & giant lant]n betwe5 !m1 pres5t a /range & r comical appe>ance1 :ile ! track me&]+ at its own sweet w across c\ntry )\t f5c+ ( any k9d1 adds to ! novelty ( ! little l9e4 ,its great safety has be5 amply demon/rat$ by ! only mi%ap t has occurr$ to x4 ,"s miscreant _h delib]ately remov$ ! fa/5+s f ov] ?irty y>ds ( ! l9e at a critical po9t :]e a rev]se curve began1 & close to a bridge4 ,at full spe$1 a tra9 c>ry+ #bjj pass5g]s came up to ! loos5$ rail1 :i* gave way1 break+ ! c\pl+ *a9s &1 luckily1 br++ into action ! automatic ,we/+h\se brake4 ,! p]man5t way 0 ru9$ by ! %ock1 b ! fall absorb$ ! =ce ( ! reaction1 & deposit$ ! c>riages quietly on ! gr\nd )\t injury to anyone1 & )\t ev5 break+ a w9d[4 ,on an ord9>y l9e ! tra9 w\ld h be5 ?r[n (f ! metals into ! riv] ) t]rible consequ5ces4 ,%ortly aft] ! l9e 0 op5$1 ! ,l>tigue sy/em 0 adopt$ 9 ,france1 f ,t\rs to ,pannissi]es 9 ! ,loire ,dep>tm5t4 ,! ,ballybunion & ,li/[el ,railway is ! indirect fa!r ( a modifi$ =m ( mono-rail :i* is expect$ to appe> ?is ye> at ! ,cry/al ,palace4 ,x is call$ ! ,electric ,mid-,railway1 ! inv5tion ( ,mr4 ,w4 ,r4 ,smi?1 & z ! l9e is to connect ! exi/+ railway /ation ) v>i\s po9ts 9 ! gr\nds1 x %\ld be well patronis$ at ! mode/ p5ny f>e :i* is to be *>g$4 ,be+ an entire novelty1 x has a specially good *ance ( success 9 ?is p>ticul> situation4 ,! s+le rail is plac$ bel[ ! c>riage1 ! weight ( :i* is balanc$ ^u x aft] ! fa%ion ( a bicycle4 ,on ea* side ( ?is s+le track runs a tre/le c>ry+ a rail on a level ) ! c5tre ( gravity ( ea* c>riage4 ,?is rail s]ves ! necess>y purpose ( support+ ! c>riage & ( also prev5t+ d]ail+4 ,a simil> device _h be5 sugge/$--& possibly has be5 c>ri$ into effect on ! ,new ,york & ,wa%+ton ,d4 ,c4 ,l9e--:5 x 0 propos$ to elevate a track above ! e>? on a s+le l9e ( upright beams1 ! tra9s to be kept /eady by an auxili>y rail on ei!r side1 b :i* w\ld only come into play on r\nd+ curves4 ,,high-,,spe$ ,,electric ,,railways ,9 ,belgium1 ,mr4 ,behr1 :o ?r\gh\t 8 lab\rs !re receiv$ ! p]sonal enc\ragem5t & patronage ( ,k+ ,leopold ,,ii41 successfully built an exp]im5tal high-spe$ mono-rail l9e at ,t]vu]5 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,brussels1 z an annexe to ! ,exhibition ( #ahig4 ,to f9d suitable gr\nd 0 ! great difficulty4 ,! l9e _h to cross t5 public roads1 & 9 ! abs5ce ( compulsory p[]s1 leases = ! l& _h to be arrang$ ) grasp+ occupi]s & own]s4 ,! soil 0 bad1 big cutt+s & embankm5t 7 unavoidable1 & f9ally ! l9e consi/$ ( no?+ b /eep1 up-&-d[n gradi5ts4 ,9 fact1 all ! conditions 7 mo/ unfav\rable1 not)/&+ :i*1 ! result ( ! exp]im5t 0 conclusive 9 %[+ t ) ! mono-rail & p]fect$ electrical traction1 v high spe$1 d\ble t ( exi/+ pass5g] express tra9s1 c\ld be atta9$ ) absolute safety1 a pr9ciple :i* ,mr4 ,behr _h = a long "t pa/ be5 p>ticul>ly impress$ )1 b :i* he ma9ta9s is n possible on ! ord9>y two-rail track1 ev5 ) electricity z a motive p[]4 ,9 ,novemb]1 #aija1 ,mr4 ,behr w5t to ,b]l91 & inve/igat$ ! exp]im5ts c>ri$ out dur+ =ty days by a numb] ( eng9e]+ exp]ts on a milit>y track laid d[n betwe5 ! ,g]man capital & ,zoss54 ,x 0 hop$ t a spe$ ( #afj miles an h\r w\ld be atta9$ & ma9ta9$1 &1 z a matt] ( fact1 />t+ f a l[ spe$1 ! tra9 gradually rea*$ t ( #hg miles2 !n1 = a mom5t only1 #ie miles2 & = an in/ant ( "t1 #ajj miles p] h\r2 b x 0 at once disc]nible t ! ord9>y two-rail p]man5t way1 ?\gh /raight1 c\ld n be> ! t]rific /ra9 impos$ ^u x2 ! rails b5t at _m places1 :ile ! hundr$-miles-an-h\r rate _h s de/ructive an effect z to r5d] impracticable any attempt to create a high] record4 ,! air resi/ance 0 f\nd to be consid]able4 ,) a squ>e-front$ in/ead ( a po9t$ coa*1 x 0 appreciable1 & ! suction beh9d ! tra9 resembl$ ! pressure ( ! wat] at ! /]n ( a mail /eam]1 & 0 calculat$ to equal two-?irds ( ! 8b[0 resi/ance4 ,^! exp]im5ts w5t to prove t = excessive velocity an ord9>y railway 0 absolutely unsafe4 ,a ye> be=e ?is1 a /eam locomotive tra9 _h be5 tri$ 9 ,am]ica by ! ,baltimore & ,ohio ,railway ,company1 on ! ,adams pr9ciple ( r$uc+ ! atmosph]ic resi/ance to a m9imum4 ,x consi/$ ( six c>s1 a t5d]1 & an eng9e ( fifty-sev5 tons4 ,! entire tra9 0 %ea!d d[n to )9 eight in*es ( ! track4 ,!re 7 no projections1 & all ! w9d[s 7 flu%2 ! c>s 7 c\pl$ close toge!r1 & ! re> "o 0 run (f to a po9t1 ! tra9 resembl+ "o long s9u\s & flexible c>riage4 ,) ?is comp>atively light eng9e x is said t ! =ty miles betwe5 ,baltimore & ,wa%+ton 7 cov]$ 9 ?irty-sev5 & a half m9utes4 ,b x 0 claim$ t ) a m p[]ful locomotive ! tra9 c\ld h be5 easily run at ! rate ( "o mile 9 ?irty-five seconds1 or ne>ly two miles a m9ute4 ,^! spe$s appe> trem5d\s1 b cu/om w\ld soon reconcile u to !m4 ,our =efa!rs ?\ght fifte5 miles an h\r t]rific2 & "o ( ! objections to ,/eph5son's ideas 01 t at su* a spe$1 n to m5tion a tw5ty-or tw5ty-five-mile rate1 no human be+ c\ld draw brea?4 ,s9ce !n we h quietly acquiesc$ 9 & equally welcom$ a /yle ( travell+ v>y+ f #ce to an av]age ( #eh miles an h\r1 & ev5 consid] x no great feat to run a special vic]egal tra9 f ,eu/on to ,holyhead--#bfc miles--9 five h\rs )\t /opp+1 & are n a/oni%$ to read ( la/ ye>'s record run ( ! mail express f ,b\logne to ,p>is--#afh miles--at an av]age spe$ ( #fh miles an h\r6 ,/ill1 #abj miles e sixty m9utes )\t /opp+ is a l>ge ord]1 & 9 practice w\ld give "s rem>kable results4 ,= in/ance1 a resid5t at ,putney c\ld be :isk$ f ! /ation ne>e/ to him1 & !nce to a po9t adjo9+ 8 (fice--say 9 ,see?+ ,lane1 "s sev5 miles (f--9 less ?an five m9utes4 ,brighton c\ld be rea*$ f t[n 9 tw5ty-five m9utes2 ,dov]1 9 =ty2 ,ed9burgh1 9 ?ree h\rs tw5ty m9utes4 ,inv]ness--#ffc miles away--c\ld be arriv$ at f ,eu/on 9 six h\rs tw5ty m9utes1 in/ead ( ! fifte5 h\rs ?irty-five m9utes ( ! ord9>y express2 & ,p>is--all[+ "o h\r ?irty m9utes = ! ,*annel passage--9 ?ree h\rs =ty-two m9utes4 ,,! ,,man*e/] ,,& ,,liv]pool ,,electric ,,express ,,railway ,n[1 ! cont5tion ( ! advocates ( ! monorail pr9ciple is1 t only by t sy/em c v high spe$ be safely atta9$2 & :5 "o comes to closely exam9e ! c>s 9 :i* ?is hundr$-&-t5-miles-p]-h\r travell+ is a*iev$1 confid5ce is at once inspir$1 because ( _! l[ c5tre ( gravity & consequ5t unlikel9ess ( d]ailm5t4 ,!re rema9s only "o "q--,cui bono8 ,:at useful purpose c be s]v$ by be+ able to get f ,liv]pool to ,man*e/] 9 tw5ty m9utes in/ead ( ov] an h\r8 ,on an em]g5cy1 su* z a sudd5 necessity = ! s]vices ( a m$ical speciali/1 a matt] ( life or dea? p]haps1 or on ! occasion ( any crisis 9 dome/ic or m]cantile life :5 ! in/ant pres5ce ( "s "o di/ant individual is imp]ative1 x might be ( imm5se s]vice4 ,b 9 ! usual c\rse ( bus9ess1 d n exi/+ railways br+ m]*ant & brok]1 import] & manufactur]1 face to face quickly en\gh1 & are n telephones & telegraphs & ! po/ suffici5t to c>ry ?r\gh big transactions betwe5 ! c5tre ( ! cotton trade & ! great city on ! banks ( ! ,m]sey8 ,public op9ion1 :i* dem&s increas+ spe$ 9 e phase ( life1 especially 9 travell+1 decl>es !y are n suffici5t2 = we live 9 an impati5t age :5 e h\r ( det5tion on a transatlantic passage is begrudg$4 ,!re=e x is n to be wond]$ at t 9 #aijj-a1 aft] ! mo/ exhau/ive inquiries & criticisms1 ! royal ass5t 0 giv5 ,augu/ #ag?1 #aija1 to ! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool ,electric ,express ,railway1 :i* 0 duly au?oris$ by ,act ( ,p>liam5t4 ,x mu/ be premis$ t ! l9e1 l our ,london ,tube1 does n provide = goods traffic2 t ! "t occupi$ by ! j\rney be+ s %ort1 nei!r luggage-van1 lavatory1 or refre%m5t buffet is requir$1 & t all tra9s consi/ ( a s+le c>1 c\pl+s be+ a s\rce ( dang] at s great a rate ( spe$4 ,b z ! tra9s run e t5 m9utes1 & c>ry ab\t =ty p]sons ea* "t1 a l>ge pass5g] traffic is provid$ =4 ,well--a brok] has be5 telephon$ = by 8 cli5t1 a weal?y cotton-sp9n] 9 ,man*e/]1 anxi\s to consult ) him p]sonally2 s he at once leaves ! flags ( ! ,ex*ange1 & aft] an eight m9utes' walk arrives at ! ,express ,railway ,/ation1 ne> ! entrance gate ( ! ,blue ,coat ,hospital 9 ,s*ool ,lane4 ,he consid]s t 9 gett+ into & out ( ! lift he has lo/ two m9utes1 b he j cat*es 8 c> & />ts = a run ( #cd miles to ,man*e/]1 & s9ce x is 8 fir/ exp]i5ce ( lightn+ travell+1 he notices ev]y?+ connect$ ) ! new l9e4 ,!re are _m curves1 he f9ds1 all necess>y 9 ord] to avoid conflict ) ! ve/$ int]e/s ( o!r railway companies2 ! gradi5ts1 he obs]ves1 at po9ts ab\t ?ree-qu>t]s ( a mile f ! ,liv]pool & ,man*e/] /ations1 are /eep--#a 9 #be1 & #a 9 #cj--;b ( s]vice 9 accel]at+ & break+ ! tra9s4 ,unlike ! ,li/[el mono-rail l9e1 ! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool express is f5c$ f end to end ) an unclimbable b>ri]1 & z !re are no level-cross+s & no means ( access1 !re is no possibility ( trespass+4 ,also1 = ! security ( ! workm5 employ$ 9 ma9ta9+ ! track z on an ord9>y railway--! sy/em ( 8pack+0 ! sleep]s & inspect+ ! v>i\s p>ts be+ common to all railways--a cle> space ( ?ree feet is left betwe5 ! pass+ tra9s1 & /rong po/s1 t5 feet ap>t1 are fix$ along ! c5tre ( ! space = ! lab\r]s to hold on by :5 an express ru%es by4 ,collisions1 our brok] quickly p]ceives1 are impossible1 !re be+ no swit*es1 & not)/&+ ! multitude ( pass5g]s 7"s tw5ty ?\s& p] day7 !re are nev] m ?an two c>s on ! l9e at a "t1 & !re are no /oppages betwe5 ! two t]m9i4 ,= signall+ purposes1 ! l9e is divid$ into f\r sections ( ab\t five miles ea*1 & z ! tra9 passes by1 its electric motor automatically op]ates ! signal & imm$iately 8blocks0 ! section beh9d x1 s t ! tra9 foll[+ _c advance until its lead] has cle>$ ! five-mile division4 ,! driv] & conductor are bo? toge!r 9 ! front "p ( ! tra91 s t ! conductor has ample "t to look out = ! signals1 to apply ! brakes1 & assi/ 8 mate4 ,! brakes are ( ! ,we/+h\se patt]n1 & ! two comb9$ c /op ! c>s 9 ab\t #hjj y>ds1 ev5 at ! spe$ ( #aaj miles an h\r4 ,^! c be aid$ by ,mr4 ,behr's +5i\s device1 :i* ,sir ,william ,h4 ,preece consid]s q practicable1 viz4 l\vres or %utt]s1 :i*1 :5 op5$1 mat]ially increase ! air resi/ance4 ,pa/ ,toxte? ,p>k1 ,g>/on1 ,halewood1 ,widnes 7^: only rival 9 %e] ugl9ess is p]haps ,london's ,/rat=d-by-,b[71 & exactly half-way1 ,w>r+ton1 conspicu\s = ! ink9ess ( its riv] ,m]sey1 & not$ = its glass1 wire1 & *emical indu/ries2 fam$ = its network ( wat]ways1 especially = ! great b evil-smell+ %ip-canal2 not$ 9 hi/ory--:5 b a hamlet1 ) a cle> tr\t-yield+ /ream--z ! camp+-gr\nd ( ! "y ,pret5d] :5 on 8 m>* to ,d]by 9 #agde2 & associat$ ) ,mrs4 ,gaskell 7^: 8,cran=d0 is id5tifi$ ) ,knuts=d1 a neighb\r+ village71 ! two ,bi%ops ,claughton1 ,visc\nt ,cross1 ,luke ,fildes1 ,r4,a41 & 8,w>r+ton0 ,wood1 ! sculptor4 ,close by1 9 ! p>i% ( ,great ,sankey1 is ! p[]-g5]at+ /ation ( ! railway1 ! curr5t obta9$ be+ #ae1jjj volts on ! triphase alt]nat+ sy/em1 conv]t$ 9 five sub-/ations plac$ along ! l9e1 into a cont9u\s #fej volt curr5t4 ,e c> has f\r traction motors arrang$ 9 pairs1 ea* ) a full-spe$ capacity ( #afj h4p41 equal to #aaj miles an h\r4 ,! c>s are com=tably uphol/]$2 ! seats are sep>at$ & plac$ back to back 9 ! middle1 ^? along ! sides fac+ inw>ds1 z 9 ! ,twop5ny ,tube4 ,! light+ is1 ( c\rse1 excell5t1 & ! v5tilation p]fect1 ?\gh to prev5t accid5t ! w9d[s are fix$1 & ! doors1 :ile ! tra9 is 9 motion1 are automatically lock$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4 ,,int]ior ,,( ,a ,,behr ,,mono-,,railway ,,c> ,by p]mission ( ,mr4 ,f4 ,b4 ,behr1 ,ass4 ,in/4 ,c4 ,e4 ,z reg>ds ! co/ ( ?is novel und]tak+1 our ,liv]pool fri5d _h be=eh& asc]ta9$ t ! capital _h be5 fix$ at #b1hjj1jjj1 & t an av]age ( eight p]sons p] tra9 w\ld m ?an cov] ! exp5se ( ! ent]prise4 ,swiftly leav+ ,w>r+ton 9 ! di/ance1 ! express %oots onw>ds--pa/ ,eccles1 ,p5dleton1 & ,sal=d--& rea*es ! t]m9us at ! we/ side ( ,deansgate1 9 ! busie/ "p ( ,cottonopolis1 :]e1 aga9 us+ ! lift1 our hone/ brok] spe$s to ! ,ex*ange 9 ano!r eight m9utes1 & 9 =ty-five m9utes aft] leav+ ,liv]pool is 9 deep bus9ess conf]5ce ) 8 pr9cipal at ,man*e/]4 ,contra/ ?is ) ! exi/+ facilities ( ! old sy/em = rapid transit betwe5 ! two places2 & ^? :o "k _! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool well1 w at once be able to decide :e!r or n ! electric express bett] meets ! requirem5ts ( ^? to :om e m9ute is ( consequ5ce4 ,! ,london & ,nor? ,we/]n ,railway 7:i* has a p]fectly /raight bit ( track to ,man*e/]1 unequall$1 except on ! ,great ,ea/]n betwe5 ,little=d & ,lynn--#ba miles--& on ! ,s\? ,ea/]n betwe5 ,nutfield & ,a%=d--#cb miles7 runs expresses )\t /opp+ f ,lime ,/reet & ,edge ,hill to ! ,ex*ange ,/ation1 ,man*e/]1 do+ ! j\rney 9 =ty m9utes4 ,! ,great ,c5tral ,railway1 by an indirect r\te1 vi ,g>/on & ,widnes1 runs expresses f _! ,liv]pool /ation 7,/4 ,james's7 direct to ! ,man*e/] ,c5tral1 9 f =ty to =ty-five m9utes2 b on nei!r l9e is !re su* a ?+ z a t5 m9utes' s]vice1 ! int]vals betwe5 ! direct expresses rang+ f =ty-five m9utes to s mu* z f\r h\rs4 ,plans1 x is said1 h be5 submitt$ to ! ,bo>d ( ,trade = a mono-railway betwe5 ,ed9burgh & ,glasg[4 ,! propos$ con/ruction is simil> to t ( ! ,behr mono-railway betwe5 ,liv]pool & ,man*e/]4 ,x is q unlike ! canny ,scot to ru% into s5sational exp]im5ts = a spe$ ( #aag miles p] h\r1 especially z a few ye>s' wait+ = ! completion ( ! ,liv]pool l9e w\ld prove or disprove ! possibility ( ! s*eme4 ,,*apt] ,v ,,rejuv5at+ ,,! ,,metropolitan ,,inn] ,,circle 8,s t ?y y\? is r5ew$ l ! eagle's40--,ps4 ciii4 #e4 ,,con/ruction ,,( ,,! ,,metropolitan ,,& ,,metropolitan ,,di/rict ,,railways ,c any?+ be satisfactorily rejuv5at$8 ,is !re any tru? 9 ! ,m$ean /ory t old age c rev]t to ! vig\r ( "y manhood8 ,9 #aijc ! usual reply is 8,no40 ,if a !atre becomes dilapidat$1 x is pull$ d[n4 ,if a railway-/ation gets mu* out ( repair1 ! company proce$s to recon/ruct1 & n to pat* up4 ,if a macadamis$ ?or\ghf>e gives signs ( too mu* we> & te>1 x is brok5 up & relaid ) wood blocks4 ,9 fact1 rejuv5ation on a l>ge scale is s seldom attempt$ t ! s*eme = r5ovat+ & electrify+ ! ,inn] ,circle ,railway may be reg>d$ z some?+ rem>kable4 ,= conv5i5ce we w call x ! ,inn] ,circle1 b1 z we all "k1 x is a dual conc]n controll$ by ! ,metropolitan & ! ,metropolitan ,di/rict1 bo? ( !m old en\gh to h a respectable hi/ory4 ,fifty ye>s ago railways )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ,inn] ,london 7 non-exi/5t1 ! ne>e/ po9ts approa*$ by ! c\ntry l9es be+ at ,batt]sea1 ,eu/on1 ,/4 ,pancras1 ,%or$it*1 ,padd+ton1 ,london ,bridge1 & ,wat]loo--miles away f ! c5tral di/ricts4 ,x 0 an ideal "t = omnibus companies1 :o *>g$ pretty well :at !y lik$3 & = cabm51 ^: f>e 0 nom9ally re/rict$ to eightp5ce a mile1 b :o 7 ma/]s ( ! situation :5 pass5g]s ) luggage _h to be convey$ f ! t]m9i4 ,yet1 al?\gh _m sugge/ions 7 made1 includ+ t ( a great c5tral /ation :]e all ! l9es might conv]ge1 ! travell+ _w 0 consid]ably />tl$ 9 #ahed by a proposition laid be=e ,p>liam5t to con/ruct an und]gr\nd l9e f ,f>r+don ,/reet to ,bi%op's ,road1 ,padd+ton2 & s a/oni%$ 7 capitali/s t al?\gh ! bill pass$1 ! money 0 s sl[ 9 com+ 9 t "w c\ld n be begun until six ye>s lat]6 ,9 plann+ ! r\te a gold5 opportunity 0 lo/ ( anticipat+ ! ,twop5ny ,tube2 b ! opposition ( ,ox=d ,/reet 0 s fi]ce t ! l9e _h to be pok$ away b5ea? ! ,m>ylebone ,road 9 ! nor?-we/ ( ,london1 conv5i5t = resid5ts 9 ,padd+ton & ,bayswat]1 b useless to o!r di/ricts1 &1 :at 0 m important1 x did n g to ! ,bank1 ! c5tre ( ! bus9ess _w4 ,h[ev]1 we1 !n z n[1 7 b a sl[ p1 !re=e really compreh5sive s*emes f\nd little fav\r 9 ! 8fifties0 & 8sixties40 ,= ?ree ye>s ! ,m>ylebone & ,eu/on roads 7 clos$ to traffic1 & pres5t$ ! appe>ance ( a besieg$ city's outskirts :]e deep tr5*es & =tifications 7 be+ made4 ,! roadway 0 remov$ to a great dep?2 pipes & sew]s 7 tak5 away & replac$2 f\ndations 7 und]p9n$1 & a s]ies ( solid brick tunnels 7 sl[ly & labori\sly con/ruct$ & cov]$ up4 ,! plank pa?ways1 ! noise1 & ! smells1 drove h\sehold]s along ! r\te to desp]ation2 &1 on ne>+ ! ,city1 ! problem ( deal+ ) ! old ,fleet ,dit* 0 at "o p]iod ?\ght insoluble4 ,no wond] t1 :at ) comp5sation to own]s ( damag$ prop]ty1 ! acquisition ( necess>y l&1 & eng9e]+ difficulties1 ! co/ ( ! l9e at "s po9ts m\nt$ up to a million /]l+ p] mile6 ,at la/ ! fir/ section 0 complet$2 & 9 ,septemb]1 #ahfb1 a trial trip 0 made4 ,a contempor>y picture repres5ts ! tra9 pass+ ,portl& ,road ,/ation1 its op5 trucks 9 ! re> full ( en?usia/ic gue/s wav+ flags & tall hats--aft] lun*eon probably--evid5tly delight$ ) ! success ( ! und]tak+4 ,b at ! =mal op5+1 ,janu>y #i?1 #ahfc1 a gr& banquet 0 giv5 9 ! ,f>r+don ,/reet ,/ation1 ?ree long tables occupy+ ! rail & plat=m space1 ) a %ap$ table on a das = ! pr9cipal gue/s4 ,! foll[+ day ?irty ?\s& pass5g]s j\rney$ ov] ! l9e1 & ev]ybody 9 ,london talk$ ab\t ! ,und]gr\nd z some:at ( a m>vel4 ,b p exhibit$ /range ignorance on ! subject1 n]v\s p prep>+ = wond]ful possibilities1 imag9+ t ! cell>s w\ld collapse z ! tra9s ?und]$ by1 or t ! h\ses w\ld tumble ?r\gh on to ! l9e1 fl++ _! occupants be=e "s pass+ eng9e6 ,yet1 aft] all1 ! ,und]gr\nd 0 only an ord9>y tunnel 7su* z pi]ce a score ( hills71 plac$ 9 an exceptional position 9 ! mid/ ( ,london4 ,bit by bit1 z ye>s w5t by1 ! ,metropolitan ,railway ext5d$ itself ea/w>d & we/w>d to ,high ,/reet1 ,k5s+ton1 :5ce ! ,di/rict ,railway t _h sprung into exi/5ce w5t ahead & got z f> z ,we/m9/]1 its l9e be+ p>tly op5 & p>tly tunnell$4 ,!re ! ,di/rict /uck = ?ree ye>s1 & !n f\nd its way into ! ,city 7a great boon z an alt]native r\te74 ,at ! ,mansion ,h\se ,/ation x seem$ det]m9$ to re/ = a long p]iod2 ! ,metropolitan %[+ ! same prop5sity at ! ,moorgate ,/reet %$s1 until ,city m5 began to give up all hope ( ! two ends ev] meet+4 ,x came ab\t at la/1 h[ev]1 & ! ye> #ahhd witness$ ! completion ( ! irregul> ,inn] ,circle--a total l5g? ( ab\t #ab miles--by way ( ,bi%opsgate1 ,aldgate1 ,m>k ,lane1 ! ,monum5t1 & ,cannon ,/reet1 )\t any s]i\s di/urbance ( ! traffic1 b ) mu* wond]ful und]p9n+ ( w>eh\ses & (fices 7a notable in/ance ( ?is op]ation be+ b5ea? ,k+ ,william ! ,f\r?'s /atue1 :i* weighs ov] #bej tons674 ,at fir/ !re 7 no smok+-c>riages1 b ! num]\s compla9ts on ! subject induc$ ! directors to alt] _! rules1 & !y w5t to ! o!r extreme1 s t n[ non-smok]s ?9k !re seem to be m smok+-c>riages ?an any o!rs4 ,9 its "y days ! ,metropolitan 0 clean & its atmosph]e tol]able4 ,9 fact1 x _h be5 propos$ to use smokeless eng9es1 b = "s reason ! idea 0 ab&on$1 &1 z ! ma9 railway l9es began to s5d out feel]s t[>ds ! inn] di/ricts ( ,london1 !y s\ght =1 & obta9$1 runn+ p[]s ov] ! ,und]gr\nd1 junctions be+ made ) ! ,great ,nor!rn ,railway & ,great ,we/]n1 ! ,london & ,nor? ,we/]n1 & ! ,midl&4 ,consequ5tly1 ! numb] ( tra9s imm5sely increas$1 & ! smoke nuisance 0 int5sifi$4 ,v5tilat+ %afts 7 adopt$1 & af=d$ "s relief1 b ! imprison$ fog ( w9t] precipitat$ ! 8blacks10 & summ] wea!r only made ! atmosph]e /ill m /ifl+2 :ile ,bak] ,/reet1 ,g[] ,/reet1 & ,k+'s ,cross /ations & tunnels 7 positive inf]nos1 & = h[ _m dea?s f a/hma & bron*itis !y 7 responsible no "o kn[s6 ,! roll+-/ock ( ! ,metropolitan became dirti] & dirti]1 grime & disfigurem5t settl$ d[n ^u x1 & ev]ybody's exp]i5ce ( x resembl$ t ( ,mrs4 ,lilian ,rosamond1 describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,new ,,di/rict ,,railway ,j opposite ,/4 ,m>k's ,college1 ,*elsea1 is a n>r[ ?or\ghf>e call$ ,lot's ,road1 lead+ to a creek t sep>ates ! ,bor\gh f ,fulham4 ,tradition says t ! locality 0 =m]ly kn[n z 8,! ,lots0 7ab\t f\r acres 9 ext5t71 & 0 grant$ to a ,sir ,ar?ur ,gorges by ! "l ( ! manor1 9 lieu ( c]ta9 rights ov] l& :i* he gave up = ! =mation ( ! ,k5s+ton ,canal2 b incr$ul\s old folk dismiss$ ?is tradition ) contempt1 & ma9ta9$ t !re 0 a ,*elsea p]sonage nam$ ,lot1 v di/antly relat$ to ! patri>*'s nephew1 :o pit*$ 8 t5t 9 ! f]tile ,jordan ,valley1 & t ! dismal ,*elsea wa/es s mu* resembl$ ! desolat5ess ( ! fatal pla9s1 t dilig5t se>* !re9 might ev5 result 9 ! discov]y ( ! ,pill> ( ,salt1 br\ght ov] to ?is c\ntry at "s remote p]iod by a pi\s desc5dant6 ,b :oev]1 or :atev]1 ! "n ,lot may repres5t1 x is n[ associat$ ) "o ( ! greate/ electrical und]tak+s ( ! age--! huge g5]at+ /ation ( ! ,und]gr\nd ,electric ,railway ,company ( ,london1 ,limit$1 :o1 z at pres5t arrang$1 w supply ! ,di/rict & o!r railways ) p[]4 ,at ! bottom ( ,lot's ,road1 & at a po9t on ! ,middlesex bank ( ,batt]sea ,rea*1 fac+ ! ugly p>i% *ur* ( ,/4 ,m>y1 is ! m\? ( ,*elsea ,creek1 fill$ twice a day by ! muddy wat]s ( ! ,?ames1 & "h ! ,electrical ,works are be+ erect$4 ,!y are 9 sight ( an obscure cottage 9 ,*eyne ,walk :]e ! pa9t] ,turn] liv$ 9 concealm5t1 & :]e he di$4 ,! build+1 ) its f\r great *imney-%afts1 is un/hetic to a degree1 & ,turn] w\ld probably h ?\ght x ru9$ 8 fav\rite l&scape4 ,b x repres5ts some?+ m valuable ?an /hetic effect4 ,:5 ,mat!w ,d\lton1 9 ! infancy ( /eam1 took ! ,russian ,pr9ce ,potemk9 r\nd ! works at ,soho1 ,man*e/]1 ! di/+ui%$ visitor inquir$1 8,:at d y sell "h80 8,we make & sell "h10 repli$ ,james ,watts' p>tn]1 8t :i* all ! _w wants--,p[]40 ,& ?is1 on a scale undreamt ( by ! fam\s eng9e]1 is :at ! ,und]gr\nd ,electric ,railway ,company ( ,london w produce1 9 view ( ! riv] sc5]y s mu* admir$ by ! *ief ( impressioni/s1 & :i* he nev] we>i$ ( depict+4 ,?is temple ( electric =ce w be ! l>ge/ 9 ! ,old ,_w4 ,9 ,new ,york1 ! ,manhattan & ! ,metropolitan companies bo? h p[] /ations slightly small]4 ,! ,rapid ,transit ,commission h project$ "o t w be bigg]1 :ile ! ,wat]side /ation ( ! ,edison ,illum9at+ ,company 7p>tially complet$7 is on a /ill l>g] scale4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 be5 /at$ t ! bigge/ p[] s*eme on e>? w be at ,mass5a1 on ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce ,riv]1 ,canada1 :]e !re w be fifte5 ,we/+h\se ma*9es1 equal to a total ( #ge1jjj kil[atts4 ,)9 ! temple !re w be turbo-g5]ators fifty feet 9 l5g? & t5 feet high1 con/ruct$ by ! ,briti% ,we/+h\se ,company at _! ,traf=d ,p>k ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h4 ,,electrical ,,p[] ,,h\se 7,,! ,,l>ge/ ,,9 ,,! ,,old ,,_w7 ,,lot',s ,,road1 ,,*elsea1 ,,to ,,supply ,,! ,,metropolitan ,,di/rict ,,& ,,o!r ,,railways ,,) ,,curr5t ,by p]mission ( ! ,und]gr\nd ,electric ,railways ,co4 ( ,london1 ,ltd4 ,works1 ,man*e/]1 capable ( produc+ ! prodigi\s quantity ( #fj1jjj electrical kil[atts1 at a pressure1 or =ce1 te*nically speak+1 ( #aa1jjj volts4 ,9 o!r words1 ab\t #ajj1jjj horse-p[] c\ld be s5t out1 !oretically equal to ! lift+ ( ov] #a1jjj1jjj tons a foot high e m9ute4#c ,six su* p[] /ations c\ld1 !re=e1 move ! great pyramid ( ,*eops 7ov] #f1jjj1jjj tons weight71 & c>ry x bodily (f on colossal rails1 & dump x d[n any:]e to ord]4 ,= cond5s+ purposes1 an enorm\s quantity ( wat] w be requir$1 & e tw5ty-f\r h\rs #ai1jjj1jjj gallons ( wat] 7at times m\nt+ up to #dj1jjj1jjj gallons7 w be drawn f ! creek = use 9 ! p[] h\se4 ,! =ce ( #aa1jjj volts w be mu* too p[]ful = direct application to ! purposes ( locomotion4 ,x requires r$uc+ by trans=m]s & rot>y conv]t]s into ! safe & ord9>y curr5t ( ab\t #eej volts1 :i* w be effect$ at sub-/ations--,e>l's ,c\rt1 ,s\? ,k5s+ton1 ,victoria1 ,*>+ ,cross1 ,mansion ,h\se1 & o!r places along ! l9e4 ,to ^! ! curr5t w be s5t f ! p[] h\se1 & r$uc$ by ! trans=m]s into ord9>y l[-pressure voltage1 & ! fi]y ,o4,p4 _s tam$ to a pleasant & portable 8"u-pro(0 /&>d6 ,! curr5t w !n be di/ribut$ to two conductor-rails1 "o locat$ betwe5 ! pres5t runn+ rails1 & ! o!r outside !m4 ,! motors on ! tra9s w receive ! curr5t f "o rail by means ( a slid+ contact-%oe1 & return x to ! o!r rail 9 ! same mann]4 ,9 pass+ ?r\gh ! motor ! electricity causes ! armature to revolve1 :i* motion1 by means ( ge>+1 is communicat$ to ! c>riage axle4 ,s mu* = ! driv+-p[] ( ! tra9s4 ,b :at k9d ( tra9s d ! public expect8 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #i4 ,a #b1jjj ,h4,p4 ,,we/+h\se ,,/eam ,,turb9e1 ,,resembl+ ,,! ,,turbo-,,g5]ators 7,,ea* ,,( #g1ejj ,h4,p47 ,,9 ,,! ,,*elsea ,,p[] ,,h\se4 ,by p]mission ( ! ,we/+h\se ,companies1 ,ltd41 ,london ,surely n ! old c>riages clean$ up & re-uphol/]$--made 8to la/ a little long]10 until brok5 up = firewood & old iron4 ,! public w n be disappo9t$ 9 ! new c>s1 no?+ z yet hav+ be5 se5 9 ,london to equal !m4 ,! tra9s w be run on ! pr9ciple ( ! multiple unit4 ,t is1 ea* w be made up ( sev5 coa*es--?ree long motor-c>s & f\r trail-c>s--) a motor-man's cab at ea* end1 & "o 9 ! c5tre4 ,^! eight-:eel$ coa*es w be rectangul> at ! sides--n slop+ l ^? ( ! ,wat]loo ,tube ,company--& v roomy1 #eb feet long & ab\t #h feet #b in*es wide inside1 & ab\t #h feet #g in*es f ! floor to ! middle ( ! ro(4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj4 ,a ,,new ,,metropolitan ,,di/rict ,,railway ,,c> ,by p]mission ( ! ,und]gr\nd ,electric ,railways ,co4 ( ,london1 ,ltd4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! seats w be some:at diff]5t f t ( ! ,tube4 ,!re w1 ( c\rse1 be corridor c>s1 :i* w be ent]$ f ! plat=ms1 ?r\gh telescopic doors2 !re w be also slid+ doors4 ,! ga9 9 leg-space w be great1 ! c5tre gangway giv+ a cle> #d feet1 & !re w be few] cross seats4 ,ea* tra9 w hold ab\t #cch pass5g]s2 ! v5tilation ( ! c>s w be p]fect2 & ! height suffici5t = a giant4 ,z ! ,di/rict tunnels are #be feet 9 diamet]1 & #ae feet #i in*es f ! rail level to ! cr[n ( ! ar*1 !re w be ab\t #b feet ( head-room1 ab\t #b feet #f in*es betwe5 ea* tra91 & ! same betwe5 ! tra9s & ! sides ( ! tunnels4 ,comp>e ?is ) ! pres5t ,inn] ,circle tra9s t c>ry ab\t ?ree hundr$ pass5g]s1 ) gangways t1 ev5 9 ! fir/-class comp>tm5ts1 leave no room = incom]s to avoid a leg entanglem5t1 & ^: height w h>dly admit a tall man 9 a tall hat to /& upright4 ,also comp>e x ) ! dim5sions ( ! ,c5tral's c>s1 :i* are #ci feet long1 #h feet wide1 & ^: height to ! middle ( ro( is only #g feet #e in*es1 ! gangway n>r[1 ) seats 9 ea* c> = =ty-eight p4 ,! space 9 ! c>s ( ! ,city & ,s\? ,london1 & ! ,wat]loo & ,city1 is /ill m exigu\s4 ,x is propos$ to run ab\t twice z _m tra9s z at pres5t1 ea* j\rney to be made 9 ab\t two-?irds ( ! "t n[ requir$2 t is to say1 ! tra9s t n[ run ab\t t5 miles an h\r w1 x is anticipat$1 "w up to at lea/ fifte5 miles2 ! total c>ry+ capacity be+ e/imat$ at #gj1jjj1jjj p] annum1 increasable1 if necess>y1 to #ajj1jjj1jjj4 ,!re may be an all-night s]vice1 = ! conv5i5ce ( p engag$ at ,cov5t ,g>d5 m>ket1 & = j\rnali/s & o!rs ^: "w lies 9 ! vic9ity ( ,fleet ,/reet4 ,a some:at novel & economical feature w be t ! tra9s1 dur+ ! /ock h\rs ( ! day1 c be run 9 %ort l5g?s1 z 9 ! ,city & ,wat]loo ,railway1 &1 ) _! triple motors divid$1 w resemble ^? /range ,naid worms ( ! ,annelida class t possess ! p[] ( increas+ by me*anical division4 ,!y w also be able to g =w>d & backw>d )\t rev]s+ ! motor eng9es4 ,brilliant w be ! light+ ( ! c>s & /ations2 ! tunnels1 too1 are to be illum9at$4 ,fre% air w be obta9$ by ! frequ5t movem5ts ( ! tra9s ?r\gh ! tunnels1 :ile smoke & smuts w1 ( c\rse1 become ?+s ( ! pa/4 ,! /ations1 ) _! wide & roomy plat=ms1 w 9 "s cases be l5g!n$ by fifty feet to accommodate ! ?ree-hundr$-&-fifty-feet-long tra9s1 & be ?or\ghly cleans$ & repa9t$1 & ! tunnels may possibly be :it5$ by means ( 8spray+0--! pr9ciple adopt$ at ! ,*icago ,exhibition = ! f9ials ( ! pavilions4 ,! "q ( classes1 f>es1 & tickets has n yet be5 settl$1 b we may assume t ! sy/em adopt$ w be some:at l t ( ! ,tube4 ,! entire project closely resembles ! ,metropolitan ,und]gr\nd ,railway ( ,p>is1 & ! ,bo/on ,subway4 ,lifts are n at pres5t contemplat$1 & probably _! abs5ce w be no great loss to active travell]s1 nor ev5 to ! 8old1 subdu$1 & sl[10 = tra9s w s quickly succe$ "o ano!r t ! miss+ ( "o w involve no s]i\s delay4 ,possibly1 h[ev]1 z "t goes on1 "s new & conv5i5t =m ( slop+ footway may be adopt$4 ,b alas6 = ! lov]s ( ! beautiful1 ! directors1 we are told1 8h n decid$ t !y w be w>rant$ 9 sacrific+1 on /hetic gr\nds1 ! rev5ue d]iv$ f adv]tisem5ts40 ,!n1 aga91 z !re w be little or no wait+1 ev5 ! mo/ impati5t ( voyageurs w h>dly ne$ ! div]sion obta9$ by a trial ( ! omnipres5t p5ny-9-!-slot ma*9es1 or ! contemplation ( ! num]\s works ( art display$ on ! /ation walls4 ,!y w n ev5 ne$ ! book/alls1 mu* less to gape at ! cont5ts-bills ( ! daily pap]4 ,&1 provid$ ! glass ro(s be kept clean1 & ! atmosph]e innoc5t ( smoke & gas1 might n ! /ations--%elt]$ z !y are f ! vag>ies ( wea!r1 & brilliantly light$--be trans=m$ into modifi$ w9t] g>d5s1 ) /urdy fl[]s & %rubs fill+ up nooks & corn]s1 & bold pa9t+s 7frequ5tly r5ew$7 ( di/ant l&s1 seascapes1 & hi/orical subjects1 9 ! recesses n[ cov]$ by 8,reckitt's ,blue10 etc48 ,! frequ5t /opp+ ( tra9s w\ld be actually welcom$1 & p w\ld travel by ! 8,circle0 = ! sake ( see+ ! novelties6 ,9 fact1 e /ation might be conv]t$ into a ?+ ( beauty4 ,"o o!r sugge/ion = ! directors ( ! new ,inn] ,circle4 ,_c some?+ be contriv$ 9 ! new c>s to effectually dead5 ! s\nd ( ! clos+ & op5+ ( doors1 s irritat+ to mod]n n]ves1 & unpleasantly associat$ ) ! 8bang+0 9 ! old c>riages1 & ! 8cla%+0 ( ! telescopics 9 ! ,tubes4 ,,! ,,new ,,metropolitan ,,railway ,! ,metropolitan ,railway w be electrifi$ 9 a v simil> mann] to ! ,di/rict ,railway1 ! sy/em be+ ! same1 i4e4 alt]nat+ ?ree-phase1 conv]t$ at sub-/ations into cont9u\s curr5t4 ,access to ! plat=ms w be by %ort /aircases1 & n by lifts4 ,x is said t :5 /eam is aboli%$ ! appe>ance ( ! /ations may possibly be improv$1 b ! adv]tisem5ts are too important a s\rce ( rev5ue to be remov$1 &1 z ! ,company says1 8!y act z a relief to ! b>e walls1 & _! )drawal w\ld answ] no good06 ,an ef=t w be made to cleanse ! tunnels1 b x has n yet be5 decid$ :at me?od w be adopt$4 ,!re exi/ an abundance ( op5 spaces1 v5tilat+-%afts1 & holes1 & ! frequ5t pass+ ( tra9s 9 contr>y directions w necess>ily keep ! air 9 motion1 & ?us1 z 9 ! ,di/rict1 ! problem ( v5tilation w solve itself4 ,! c>s w be ( ! corridor type1 sev5 to a full tra91 ea* end c> & ! middle "o hav+ a motor1 & if ! cont+5cies ( ! traffic d n require a l>ge tra91 x w ?us be possible to divide x & run x 9 two p>ts4 ,! seat+ w be bo? transv]se & longitud9al1 & consid]ably ov] f\r hundr$ pass5g]s x is said c be accommodat$ 9 ea* full tra94 ,z to day & night s]vices1 _! frequ5cy1 ! f>es1 & ! di/9ction ( classes1 no?+ has yet be5 decid$4 ,ab\t a mile f ,wembly1 :]e 8,watk9s' ,folly10 z x is locally call$--at "o "t aspir+1 l ,babel's1 to 8rea* unto heav50--%[s gauntly aga9/ ! skyl9e its fir/ /age ( only #aej feet1 is ,neasd51 :]e1 on l& belong+ to ! ,metropolitan ,railway1 is be+ erect$ its p[] h\se 7! mo/ ext5sive 9 ! k+dom own$ by a s+le railway company71 capable ( produc+ "s #ad1jjj kil[atts4 ,wat] 9 abundance w be obta9$ by means ( artesian wells n[ be+ bor$ 9 ! *alk2 & coal c be readily suppli$4 ,! curr5t w be appli$ to c>s1 z on ! ,di/rict1 by a conductor-rail plac$ 9 ! ne> side ( ! p]man5t way1 ) a return fix$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! runn+ track4 ,by ! end ( #aijc x is hop$ t ! "w w be suffici5tly advanc$ = "s tra9s to be run by electricity4 ,f9ally1 z ! ,metropolitan's eng9e]-9-*ief rem>ks1 !re w be no m>k$ novelties1 b 8! v conv]sion f /eam to electric traction w prove a great novelty & an attraction4 ,new c>s ( ! late/ type w be introduc$1 ! /ations w be bright & *e]ful1 ! atmosph]e pure2 travel w be und]tak5 ) a great] degree ( com=t1 & fre$om f disagreeable od\rs4 ,9 %ort1 no?+ t c reasonably be expect$ to be p]=m$ 9 ! int]e/s ( ! public w be left undone40 ,,am]ican ,,capital ,a good deal has be5 said 9 ref]5ce to ! s\rce :5ce ! necess>y capital has be5 obta9$ = rejuv5at+ ! ,inn] ,circle1 patriotic p object+ to ! s-call$ ,am]icanis+ ( ?is great und]tak+1 ?\gh x is h>dly a logical objection4 ,if ,briti% capitali/s are lack+ 9 ent]prise1 !re is no reason :y ,london %\ld wait until !y ev9ce x4 ,! _w w n g to sleep :ile ,lomb>d ,/reet hesitates4 ,z ,mr4 ,p]ks1 ,m4,p41 ,*airman ( ! ,di/rict ,company has said1 out ( ! five millions /]l+ inve/$ 9 ! new ,und]gr\nd ,electric ,railway ,companies ( ,london1 ,limit$1 less ?an two millions 7 held 9 ,am]ica1 & ?ree millions on ?is side ! ,atlantic4 8,i d n c>e10 he said1 8:]e ! money comes f1 s long z x is good money0--a wise rem>k1 l ! non olet ( ,suetonius4 ,:at matt]s x :5ce ! mat]ials ( a sov]eign h come8 ,!y _c be e>-m>k$1 & :e!r its gold is ,brazilian1 ,au/ralian1 ,s\? ,african1 or ,am]ican1 is ( no consequ5ce4 ,x is a legal t5d]1 & wor? tw5ty silv] %ill+s4 ,ano!r matt] t has engag$ public att5tion is ! app>5t diff]5ce ( op9ion betwe5 ! ,metropolitan & ! ,metropolitan ,di/rict ,companies1 z to ! control ( ! ,inn] ,circle4 ,nature has design$ !m to be "o1 & b = ve/$ & promot]s' int]e/s1 !y probably w\ld h be5 "o f ! fir/4 ,!y are n m]ely bro!r & si/]1 b are unit$ by a clos] tie1 !re=e _! motto surely ought to be ,quis sep>abit6 ,let u hope t long be=e ! s*eme is complet$ !re w be a reconciliation1 & a satisfactory work+ arrangem5t made 8out ( c\rt0 betwe5 ^! two p>ties to an unnecess>y divorce suit4 ,! two l9es h c>ri$ _! millions ( pass5g]s1 & ! rejuv5at$ ,inn] ,circle dur+ its new & b5efic5t c>e] is de/9$ to c>ry v _m millions m1 & prove a great boon to ! metropolis4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,! ,,c5tral ,,london ,,electric ,,railway 8,tell by :at pa?s1 :at subt]ranean ways40--,,blackmore4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,railway ,,& ,,its ,,city ,,subways ,:5 ^? electric traction pione]s1 ! ,city & ,s\? ,london1 & ! ,wat]loo & ,city ,railways1 7 op5$ respectively 9 #ahij & #ahih1 !y 7 reg>d$ by ! public ) a c]ta9 am\nt ( apa?y4 ,b :51 9 ,july1 #aijj1 ! ,c5tral ,london ,railway1 inaugurat$ by ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 0 op5$ = traffic1 & x 0 realis$ t ! l9e 0 laid lit]ally 9 ! c5tre ( ,london1 b5ea? "o ( ! greate/ /reet r\tes 9 exi/5ce1 viz4 ,*eapside1 ,newgate ,/reet1 ,holborn1 ,ox=d ,/reet1 ,bayswat] & ,uxbridge roads1 & 0 capable ( deal+ ) a gigantic /ream ( pass5g]s at a uni=m f>e = any di/ance1 x arre/$ univ]sal att5tion1 & = a "t no?+ 0 talk$ ab\t b ! deep-level sy/em = metropolitan railways2 & by g5]al approbation ! ,c5tral 0 =?) dubb$ 8,! ,twop5ny ,tube10 a "n x w always reta94 ,l mo/ great ent]prises1 ! ,tube ,railway _h to cont5d aga9/ consid]able opposition be=e legislative sanction c\ld be obta9$ = its con/ruction4 ,x 0 incorporat$ on ,augu/ #e?1 #ahia1 aft] a great battle ) ,p>liam5t & local au?orities1 9 :i* affray ! late ,mr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,grea!ad1 ,m4 ,,in/4 ,c4 ,e4 7devis] ( "o ( ! me?ods ( %ield-excavat+ = driv+ tunnels71 took a conspicu\s "p1 & ! pr9ciple ( a 8free-way-leave0 b5ea? ! /reets 0 successfully confirm$4 ,! orig9al directors 7 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,t5nant 7at "o "t ,g5]al ,manag] ( ! ,nor? ,ea/]n ,railway ,company71 ,"l ,colville ( ,culross 7,director ( ! ,great ,ea/]n ,railway ,company71 ,sir ,francis ,knollys 7,director ( ! ,great ,nor!rn ,railway ,company71 ! ,hon4 ,a4 ,h4 ,mills 7( ,glyn1 ,mills1 ,currie1 & ,co471 & ! ,"r ,hon4 ,d4 ,r4 ,plunket 7,director ( ! ,nor? ,london ,railway ,company74 ,?us ! railway elem5t 0 /rongly repres5t$2 ! f9ancial to a small b v important ext5t1 & ,c\rt influ5ce by two prom95t memb]s ( ! h\seholds ( ! ,pr9ce & ,pr9cess ( ,wales4 ,! ,company 0 au?oris$ to con/ruct a d\ble und]gr\nd l9e f ,liv]pool ,/reet to ,%eph]ds ,bu% 7ab\t #f miles72 b ! plan 0 modifi$1 & ! ,bank ( ,engl& became ! ,city />t+-po9t4 ,9 _! prospectus ! directors mode/ly pr$ict$ an annual pass5g] traffic ( "s =ty-two millions 7or sev5 millions p] mile ( l9e72 b ?is e/imate has be5 l>gely exce$$1 ! av]age be+ ab\t fifty-two millions p] annum1 or "o million p] week4 ,! ,company's capital ultimately rea*$ ! sum ( ne>ly f\r millions /]l+1 s ! l9e c h>dly be call$ a *eap "o 9 po9t ( con/ruction2 =1 al?\gh ! 8way-leave0 b5ea? ! /reets 0 free1 l& _h to be b\ght = ! surface book+-(fices1 co/ly %afts _h to be sunk to ! requisite dep?1 & tunnels driv51 & num]\s subt]ranean /ations _h to be built4 ,?us1 ap>t f ! co/ ( ! roll+-/ock & in/allation ( a l>ge curr5t-g5]at+ /ation1 ! initial exp5ses soon m\nt$ up4 ,all ! book+-(fices & /ations are built on "o pr9ciple1 ea* ) its great electric lift2 b special int]e/ atta*es to ! ,city t]m9us4 ,x 0 necess>y to make use1 someh[1 ( ! op5 space betwe5 ! ,mansion ,h\se1 ! ,bank1 & ! ,royal ,ex*ange--an ideal spot = a c5tral railway /ation4 ,b h[ 0 x to be effect$8 ,= ye>s ! ,civic ,fa!rs _h contemplat$ ! con/ruction ( subways = ! safety & conv5i5ce ( foot-pass5g]s at ?is1 :i* has be5 t]m$ ! busie/--z x is almo/ ! mo/ dang]\s--spot 9 ! _w1 ?\gh ,i d\bt :e!r 9 ! ye> #aijc ,piccadilly ,circus does n run x h>d4 ,! ,c5tral ,railway ,company approa*$ ! ,corporation on ! subject1 & ev5tually x 0 agre$ betwe5 ! p>ties t ! ,railway ,company1 9 return = be+ all[$ ! privilege ( con/ruct+ _! /ation b5ea? ! op5 space1 )\t paym5t1 %\ld make ! public subways1 & h& !m ov] 9 p]petuity to ! ,city4 ,s = _m mon?s ! pavem5t 9 front ( ! ,royal ,ex*ange 0 disfigur$ by a l(ty wood5 ho>d+1 :i* completely conceal$ a %aft1 :]e9 "s my/]i\s "w 0 progress+4 ,b beyond ?is !re 0 no outw>d indication ( :at 0 go+ on bel[2 &1 al?\gh ! entire roadway 9 front ( ! ,mansion ,h\se 0 be+ und]m9$1 ! va/ traffic cont9u$ z usual4 ,arrang+ ?is /ation prov$ to be "o ( ! /iffe/ bits ( eng9e]+ "w ev] attempt$4 ,dra9-pipes 7 ubiquit\s--a p]fect tangle t _h to be div]t$4 ,!re 7 old disus$ & long-=gott5 pipes1 electric cables1 hydraulic p[] pipes1 pneumatic tubes1 gas & wat] ma9s--a maze & wild]ness ( und]gr\nd communications4 ,^! 7 all re>rang$ 9 a special pipe-tunnel1 #ad feet wide4 ,!n1 at a dep? ( ab\t #bj feet1 ! book+-(fice 0 built1 bit by bit1 ( /eel-"w1 :i* _h previ\sly be5 tempor>ily put toge!r 9 a field to ensure its fitt+ exactly into ! excavation prep>$ = its accommodation--an area #ade feet "o way & #ge feet ! o!r1 its outl9e be+ on ! curve4 ,its ro(1 consi/+ ( gird]s support+ /eel tr\gh+1 0 fill$ up ) concrete1 & f9ally ) asphalte1 ^u :i* ?\s&s ( p pass daily )\t realis+ :at is bel[ !m4 ,access to ! book+-(fice is ga9$ by num]\s entrances vi ! public subway3 two on ! ,royal ,ex*ange pavem5t1 two at ! bottom ( ,mansion ,h\se ,place1 "o at ! ,p\ltry corn]1 & "o at ,walbrook1 "o 9 front ( ! ,safe ,deposit ,city build+s1 two ea* at ! corn]s ( ,pr9ces ,/reet & ,cornhill1 & "o at ,/4 ,m>y ,woolno? ,*ur*4 ,! entire arrangem5t rem9ds "o ( a mole's subt]ranean =tress1 ) its gall]ies = entrance & exit bran*+ (f 9 v>i\s directions4 ,^! subways1 imm5se conv5i5ces :i* %\ld be adopt$ at e rond-po9t 9 ,london--?\gh x is a /range fact t habitus ( ! ,city seldom use !m1 !y be+ patronis$ *iefly by ! 8"w-girl0 & by casual visitors to ! c5tral 8squ>e mile0--are #ae feet wide & #i feet high1 are l9$ ) glaz$ brick1 & h electric-light$ /airways at ! above-m5tion$ places4 ,,description ,,( ,,! ,,railway ,"s fifty feet bel[ ! ,bank ( ,engl& ,/ation are ! tw9-tunnels & _! plat=ms1 approa*$ by five lift %afts ( tw5ty feet1 & "o /airway %aft ( eighte5 feet diamet]2 at a deep] level /ill are ! tubes ( ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,railway1 cross+ ! ,city en r\te to ,isl+ton4 ,^! great pass5g] lifts "w ) wond]ful smoo?ness 7facile desc5sus ,av]no e/71 & )\t !m no few] ?an n9ety-?ree /eps w\ld h to be pa9fully desc5d$4 ,we are all famili> by ?is "t ) ! o!r t5 surface /ations ( ! ,twop5ny ,tube 7at ! ,po/ ,(fice1 ,m>ble ,ar*1 etc474 ,!y are ne>ly all alike1 & look z if !y 7 wait+ = a sub/antial & l(ty build+ to be erect$ ^u !m1 & h little claim to ar*itectural beauty4 ,! plat=ms1 necess>ily r contract$ 9 area1 are clean & bright1 ow+ to ! ext5sive use ( opalite til+ & glaz$ bricks1 ev] spotless1 & practically inde/ructible4 ,ea* tra9 consi/s ( six eight-:eel$ bogie-c>s1 #de feet long1 ) well-uphol/]$ seats1 arrang$ longitud9ally & crosswise1 = =ty-eight pass5g]s4 ,! light+ is effect$ by means ( eight sixte5-c&le-p[] inc&esc5t lamps1 supplem5t$ by small %ad$ electric lights1 excell5t = read+ by4 ,! w9d[s1 ( c\rse1 d n op51 b practicable v5tilat+ l\vres are arrang$ above !m4 ,entrance is obta9$ at ea* end ( ! c>1 & ! telescopic gates are clev]ly & exp$iti\sly manipulat$ by ! att5dants4 ,/raps are plac$ along rods on ea* side ( ! ro( to aid pass5g]s 9 trav]s+ ! c>s1 & above ! seats are racks = p>cels1 etc4 ,! electric locomotives#d are curi\s 9 %ape1 ) ! driv]'s cab9 9 ! middle1 & a backw>d & =w>d slope = ! app>atus look+ l gigantic coal-scuttles back to back4 ,!y h eight :eels1 & are fitt$ ) motors1 "o = ea* axle4 ,! curr5t is collect$ f a c5tral ?ird rail by means ( two ca/-iron %oes :i* rub along x1 & is l$ ?r\gh an automatic circuit-break] & swit*$ to ! controll] 9 ! driv]'s cab91 !nce to ! motors1 return+ to ! track rails ?r\gh ! :eels4 ,! total weight ( a locomotive is ab\t =ty-f\r tons1 & ! av]age spe$ is ab\t f\rte5 miles an h\r1 ! runn+ "t f ! ,bank to ! we/]n t]m9us be+ tw5ty-f\r m9utes4 ,at ,%eph]d's ,bu%--once1 z its "n implies1 a rural suburban hamlet1 sugge/ive ( pa/oral pursuits1 flocks ( %eep & lambs1 wa%+s & %e>+s ( fleeces--is ! *ief p[] /ation ( ! ,c5tral1 sub-/ations be+ situat$ at ! ,g5]al ,po/ ,(fice1 ,m>ble ,ar*1 & ,nott+ ,hill ,gate4 ,! premises cov] sixty-eight acres1 ) pl5ty ( room = locomotive & c> %$s1 %unt+ tracks1 boil] & eng9e h\ses1 ! latt] mo/ impressive f ! size ( _! six ,corliss comp\nd horizontal eng9es1 ea* rat$ at #a1cjj horse-p[]1 ?\gh1 z 9 s mu* ,am]ican ma*9]y1 ! some:at r\gh ext]ior detracts f ! appe>ance1 especially 9 ! eyes ( ,briti% eng9e]s1 accu/om$ n only to int]nal me*anical p]fection--z 9 ! ,c5tral's eng9es--b to nicety ( f9i% ?r\gh\t4 ,^! giants are c\pl$ direct to ,?omson-,h\/on dynamos1 ) ! capacity1 if requir$1 ( #e1ajj kil[atts1 or #f1hjj indicat$ horse-p[]4 ,among/ o!r contemplat$ improvem5ts is t ( loop-l9es betwe5 ,liv]pool ,/reet & ! ,bank1 :i* w mat]ially help to accel]ate ! traffic4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa4 ,a ,,typical ,,electric ,,p[] ,,g5]ator--,,two ,,dynamos1 ,,ea* ,,( ,,ab\t #a1fjj ,h4,p4 ,by p]mission ( ,dick ,k]r & ,co41 ,london ,"s rem>kable results1 n v satisfactory to ^? int]e/$ 9 vehicul> traffic1 h aris5 f ! op5+ ( ! ,twop5ny ,tube4 ,! /&>d ( travell+ has gone up /eadily2 improvem5ts 9 'buses are con/antly dem&$ 7g>d5 seats1 spiral spr+ cu%ions1 etc47 &--some:at sl[ly--conc$$4 ,yet1 to quote ! words ( an omnibus (ficial1 8!y 7! public7 want m60 ,& ?is at a "t :5 f>es h /eadily decreas$1 & ! co/ ( fodd] & ma9t5ance h s]i\sly increas$4 ,worse /ill1 ! ,tube's exi/5ce has be5 ke5ly realis$ all along ! l9e ( its r\te1 ladies especially pref]r+ to g on a %opp+ exp$ition by means ( ! well-lit ,tube ?an by ! n ov]-clean1 & decid$ly sl[ & /uffy1 omnibus4 ,! ,london ,road ,c> ,company's returns along ,ox=d ,/reet & ,holborn %[$ la/ ye> a decrease ne>ly equival5t to ! ,tube's increase1 & ! ,london ,g5]al ,omnibus ,company's report = ! half-ye>--,decemb] #a/1 #aija--0 s disappo9t+1 ow+ to de> =age & decreas$ pass5g] traffic1 t its /ock fell at "o b\nd t5 po9ts1 f #aje to #ie--;a grave depreciation 9 value4 ,! ,tube1 dur+ ! six mon?s end+ ,decemb] #ca/1 #aijb1 c>ri$ #bb1dbe1ggf pass5g]s1 a daily av]age ( #aba1hgi1 out ( :i* big total #b1ggj1hed 7 workm5 at a p5ny p] travell]4 ,on ,coronation ,day #bjb1jjj p j\rney$ by ! ,c5tral4 ,,its ,,v5tilation ,at ! comm5cem5t ( its c>e] ! ,tube's atmosph]e & temp]ature 7 rem>kably sweet & equable1 n v>y+ mu* f #fb ei!r 9 summ] or w9t]4 ,dur+ a spell ( hot wea!r x felt delightfully cool1 & :5 ea/ w9ds blew x 0 w>m comp>$ ) ! atmosph]e outside4 ,trips 9 ! ,tube 7 at "o "t s]i\sly sugge/$ = ! cure ( v>i\s maladies z a modification ( t usual la/ res\rce ( ! m$ical pr(ession1 8*ange ( air40 ,be=e ! adv5t ( ! ,tube1 h[ev]1 _m fond mo!rs ) little fai? 9 ! ph>macopia reg>d$ ! ,und]gr\nd z a sanatorium = *ildr5's compla9ts4 ,tunnel air1 !y affirm$1 0 good = cr\p1 :oop+-c\gh1 & v>i\s o!r ailm5ts4 ,a doctor travell+ on ! ,metropolitan once notic$ a woman 9 ! same comp>tm5t pull d[n ! w9d[ ^u ent]+ a tunnel & hold outside a *ild %e 0 c>ry+1 s t ! y\ng/] might get ! full b5efit ( ! f\l atmosph]e4 ,:5 ! doctor inquir$ ! reason = ?is extraord9>y p]=mance1 %e told him t 8tunnel air0 _h be5 f\nd to be a complete cure = cr\p4 ,& only ! o!r day an ,ea/ ,end "m 0 discov]$ by a gu>d giv+ h] baby two r\nds on ! ,inn] ,circle because %e _h be5 told by a h]bali/ & bone-sett] t a sulphur\s atmosph]e 0 good = :oop+-c\gh4 ,b ! ideal /ate ( ?+s 9 ! ,tube did n cont9ue1 & accusations respect+ its v5tilation began to be :isp]$ ab\t & f9ally proclaim$ f ! h\setops 7vide ,*apt] ,,xix74 ,h[ev]1 practical /eps 7 tak5 to ensure its effici5cy1 & at ! la/ meet+ ( %>ehold]s ! *airman said t ! ,company _h n[ a bett] "* = v5tilation ?an any o!r company 9 ,london4 ,at ,bond ,/reet ,/ation a p[]ful fan has be5 plac$ at ! base ( ! lift %aft1 :i*1 "u ord9>y pressure1 removes ! vitiat$ atmosph]e f ! p]man5t ways1 fre% air tak+ its place at ! v>i\s halt+-places4 ,! fan1 =ty-eight in*es 9 diamet]1 & electrically driv51 displaces #cj1jjj cubic feet ( air p] m9ute1 & is capable ( entirely exhau/+ ! tunnels 9 a fraction ov] ?ree m9utes4 ,! fan is work$ e night aft] ! tra9s h ceas$ runn+1 & travell]s by ! e>ly tra9s lit]ally brea! ! fre%e/ ( fre% air4 ,if a tra9 9 ! ,c5tral %\ld break d[n & come to a /op 9 ! tunnel1 ?\gh x w\ld n1 ( c\rse1 be run into--! block sy/em mak+ t all b impossible--x might be necess>y = ! pass5g]s to get out4 ,! "q naturally ask$ is1 8,h[ %all !y alight8 ,& :]e %all !y g :5 !y h alight$80 ,a fact t n e travell] kn[s is t a n>r[ pa? at ! side ( ! rails leads to ! ne>e/ /ation1 :i* _c be m ?an a qu>t] ( a mile (f1 s t no s]i\s a?letic feat is requir$ to get out at ! re> ( ! tra9 & walk along ! ,tube4 ,,its ,,annual ,,sale ,,( ,,lo/ ,,articles ,l ! great trunk-l9es1 ! ,c5tral has an annual sale ( articles left 9 ! c>riages & n claim$2 b ! collection diff]s consid]ably f ! miscellane\s assortm5t br\ght toge!r by1 say1 ! ,great ,nor!rn or ,great ,we/]n4 ,heavy imp$im5ta are1 z might be expect$1 abs5t2 b :o c\ld h be5 ! own]s ( ! #be bottles ( :isky1 ! #ac boxes ( cig>s & cig>ettes1 ! #cjj ladies' umbrellas1 & ! #bfd g5tlem5's umbrellas1 ! walk+-/icks innum]able1 ! #aej pairs ( spectacles & eyeglasses 7%[+ t ! light is s good t read+ is a fav\rite way ( pass+ ! "t71 ! #dd fur necklets1 #ibj pairs ( gloves & #ad muffs1 ! #aff empty purses1 & ! multitude ( books1 *iefly fiction8 ,:ile e week someone v my/]i\sly leaves beh9d a _s-bottle--evid5tly rec5tly empti$ ( its cont5ts--enclos$ 9 c>dbo>d & done up 9 a neat p>cel4 ,h[ ! ,twop5ny ,tube1 & o!rs l x1 7 con/ruct$ w be describ$ 9 ! next *apt]4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,! ,,tubul> ,,sy/em 8,?y arts ( build+ f ! bee receive2 ,le>n ( ! mole to pl[1 ! worm to weave40--,,pope4 ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,sy/em ,la/ ye> !re 7 s\nds ( /rife 9 t f9ancial atmosph]e :]e dwell ,titan capitali/s1 :o ?9k & talk & dream 9 millions2 a battle ( giants1 l ! conflict imag9$ by ,milton1 :5 ! satanic ho/ levell$ 8triple-m\nt$ r[s0 ( deadly tubes ) su* effect aga9/ s]aph & s]aphim1 8t :om !y hit none on _! feet c\ld /&1 ?\gh /&+ else z rocks40 ,b ! conflict n[ pa/1 conc]n$ tubes ( ano!r k9d--iron railway tubes1 t seem to be ! de/9y ( und]gr\nd metropolitan travell]s4 ,! ,morgan gr\p1 ! ,y]kes' comb9ation1 & o!r great coalitions1 mu/]$ _! battalions = ! fray4 ,! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil1 foll[+ ! policy ( ,"l ,/anley's army at ,boswor? field1 hov]$ alo( ready to take advantage ( ! defeat ( ei!r2 ! ,corporation ( ,london anxi\sly wat*$ f af>2 ! great suburban railway companies %iv]$ 9 _! %oes2 a p>5tal ,legislature held ! balance imp>tially betwe5 ! combatants2 :ile ! p :om ! matt] mo/ conc]n$--"s six millions ( ,london]s--_h to sit d[n ) fold$ h&s &1 pati5tly or impati5tly1 await _! fate4 ,recollect+ ?is tangle & upro> ( conflict+ int]e/s1 x behoves ev]ybody to h "s notion ( ! subject ( ! ,tubes & _! con/ruction4 ,l _m o!r ?+s 9 ! _w1 !re is no?+ new 9 ! idea ( bor+ a hole ?r\gh ! e>? & l9+ x ) brick or iron4 ,z ,pope sugge/s1 mank9d d\btless le>nt ! art f ,nature1 ?\gh ! correctness ( ! poet's zoological k is h>dly %[n 9 ! examples head+ ?is *apt]4 ,= ages pa/--be=e ,london exi/$--t skilful excavator1 ! mole1 tunnell$ ?r\gh ! e>?1 mak+ roads & gall]ies1 ! friction ( 8 fur1 set p]p5dicul>ly on 8 sk91 l9+ 8 tube s t ! soil did n fall 94 ,! l>v ( ! humble caddis-fly cov]$ ! inside ( _! cases ) f9e silk2 & ! trap-door spid] l9$ its #ab-;in* long %aft ) simil> mat]ial to prev5t ! tumbl+ 9 ( loose p>ticles & to af=d itself a foo?old 9 climb+ up2 :ile ! ant con/ruct$ h] gall]ies & /ucco$ !m ) ! f9e/ gra9s ( soil1 s t ! inn] walls pres5t$ a smoo?1 unbrok5 surface4 ,) ! adv5t ( man & 8 civilisation came ! ext5sive use ( furs1 & 9 ^! ! grubs ( ! mo?--9 ! ab/ract ! mo/ engag+ ( creatures--made gall]ies :5ev] !y got a *ance1 l9+ !m ) _! own silk1 :]e9 to und]go _! trans=mation into ! pupa /age4 ,well-exp]i5c$ eng9e]s1 su* z ! v9e1 bee*1 p9e1 & b>k-bor+ beetles1 are all tube-mak]s2 b x is ! pholas1 or t]$o navalis1 :o is ! ar*-bor]1 s skill$ an exp]t 9 l9+1 t1 ?\gh only ! size ( a quill & 8s(t 9 body10 he pi]ces ! h>d timb]s ( %ips & quay-piles1 l9+ ! tubes z he proce$s ) a salice\s sub/ance z h>d z *9a4 ,! body ( ! ,t]$o is l a long :ite worm1 v>y+ f a foot to two in*es & a half 9 l5g?1 & ab\t ! wid? ( a f+]4 ,f him1 x is said1 ! eld] ,brunel took 8 idea ( ! %ield :i* he employ$ 9 con/ruct+ ! tunnel b5ea? ! ,?ames aft] ! %aft _h be5 excavat$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ab4 ,a #c1jjj ,h4,p4 ,,triple ,,expansion ,,c5tral ,,valve ,,electrical ,,eng9e ,by p]mission ( ,willans & ,rob9son1 ,rugby ,b 8 clev] sy/em 0 crude1 & n calculat$ to cope ) por\s or aque\s soil2 !re=e1 :5 ! /ratum ( clay1 ?r\gh :i* ! "w 0 be+ c>ri$ =w>d1 broke (f abruptly1 a s]i\s influx ( wat] took place4 ,! "w _h to be ab&on$1 & 0 only complet$ aft] mu* delay & ru9\s exp5se4 ,9 a comm]cial s5se1 x 0 an utt] failure4 ,s9ce ,brunel's "t1 eng9e]+ has develop$ its res\rces p>i passu ) ! developm5t ( sci5ce4 ,hydraulic =ce displaces ! primitive screw p[]1 & /eel plates ! cumb]some timb] works us$ 9 ! ,?ames tunnel4 ,tunnell+ ?r\gh rock1 l ! ,mont ,c5is & ,/4 ,go?>d m\nta9s1 is a comp>atively simple eng9e]+ feat1 z no l9+ is requir$2 s also is ! ord9>y railway tunnel1 c>efully brattic$ & propp$ inside1 & securely cas$ ) brick or /one4 ,b x is1 z ! ,great ,we/]n ,railway kn[s to its co/1 9 deal+ ) wat]-be>+ /rata1 vide ! ,sev]n ,tunnel1 t a sy/em is requir$1 n only to protect ! m5 z !y bore ) a gigantic c5tre-bit ?r\gh clay1 *alk1 or gravel1 b1 pholas-l1 to l9e ! tunnel simultane\sly4 ,?is is obta9$ by ! use ( ! fam\s %ield inv5t$ by ! late ,mr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,grea!ad1 & employ$ by him 9 ! con/ruction ( ! ,city & ,s\? ,london & ,wat]loo & ,city ,railways1 ?\gh he did n live to witness ! adoption ( 8 pr9ciple 9 ! ,twop5ny ,tube4 ,,railway ,,tubes1 ,,h[ ,,!y ,,are ,,bor$ ,a revolution 9 tunnell+ has be5 br\ght ab\t 9 con/ruct+ ,tube railways4 ,by ! new process a great cyl9d] or %ield at ! bottom ( a %aft is pu%$ =w>d by hydraulic p[] into ! soil ahead ( x4 ,! navvies "w inside1 excavat+ ! e>? 9 front ( !m1 & fit up iron segm5ts at ! re> ( ! tail end ( ! cyl9d]1 or %ield4 ,?us1 on ! "o h&1 ! exact size & %ape ( ! tunnel is ensur$1 & ! work]s are fully protect$ f ! risk ( ! ro( fall+ 94 ,?is arrangem5t ( %ield & iron tube resembles an old-fa%ion$ s+le-drawn telescope2 ! out] case be+ ! %ield1 & ! inn] tube ! l9+ ( ! tunnel4 ,^! %ields h fronts t be> a r[ ( /eel knives =m+ a true cutt+ edge1 & are s arrang$ t !y c1 if requir$1 bore a circle slightly l>g] ?an ! iron segm5ts ( ! tube4 ,z ! %ield slides away f ! inn] tube1 ! space x occupi$ is fill$ 9 ) :at is call$ 8gr\t10 a k9d ( porridge ( wat] & lime1 :i* soon sets z h>d z /one4 ,?is is +5i\sly bl[n 9 ?r\gh ap]tures 9 ! iron l9+ by means ( compress$ air1 & effectually fills up cracks accid5tally =m$ 9 ! soil1 :i* might o!rwise ext5d to ! surface & cause subsid5ce 9 ! f\ndations ( build+s4 ,!oretically1 !re=e1 no di/urbance ( ! gr\nd bel[ or above ! tubul> l9+ is possible4 ,9 ! pione] ,tube railways1 ! ,city & ,s\? ,london = in/ance1 ! diamet] ( ! tunnels 0 only #aj feet #f in*es1 t ( ! ,c5tral #ab feet1 b ! ,great ,nor!rn & ,city ,company made a new dep>ture by fix+ ! wid? at #af feet4 ,= ! con/ruction ( ?is railway1 ! %ield 0 design$ by ,mr4 ,e4 ,w4 ,moir1 ,m4 ,,in/4 ,c4 ,e41 & v>ies 9 "s important respects f ! ,grea!ad %ield4 ,a rem>kable photograph1 :i*1 by ! c\rtesy ( ! ,tramway & ,railway ,_w1 ,i am able to pres5t to ! read]s ( ?is book1 %[s ?is %ield at "w 9 ! con/ruction ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ac4 ,,%ield ,,at ,,"w ,,9 ,a ,,tube ,,runn+ ,,tunnel ,by p]mission ( ! 8,tramway & ,railway ,_w0 ,publi%+ ,co41 ,london ( a runn+ tunnel1 #af feet 9 diamet]1 on ! above l9e4 ,! ,great ,nor!rn %ield is mu* m p[]ful ?an any hi!rto employ$4 ,great] hydraulic =ce is appli$1 & ! 8jacks0 are m num]\s1 & consid]ably l>g]4 ,! %ield us$ = ! sixte5-foot tunnel may be tak5 z typical ( o!rs up-to-date4 ,its cyl9drical sk9 is compos$ ( half-in* /eel plates rivet$ toge!r at ! bottom ( ! indisp5sable %aft1 :i* may be1 9 ! future1 any?+ f #ej to #ejj feet b5ea? ! surface4 ,9 l5g?1 ! %ield f ! re> to ! cutt+ edge 9 front is #h feet #i in*es1 half ( ?is be+ us$ by ! excavators 7z 9 ,brunel's ,?ames tunnel71 ! aft] "p = ! erectors ( ! metal segm5ts ( ! tube4 ,r\nd ! %ield front are m\nt$ t5 heavy ca/-/eel cutt]s1 ! pressure ^u !m be+ no less ?an two tons to ! squ>e in*1 ! hydraulic rams ex]t+ ?is pressure direct ^u ! back ( ! cutt]s1 & ! pur*ase is tak5 (f ! edge ( ! ne>e/ tunnel segm5t already 9 position4 ,! excavat$ soil is tak5 away 9 trolleys1 :i*1 z 9 a m9e1 are drawn by ponies on a m9iature track1 & aft]w>ds s5t up to ! surface by ! ne>e/ %aft4 ,london clay is g5]ally ! k9d ( soil ?us bor$ ?r\gh 9 ! metropolitan tubes4 ,! ,c5tral1 :ile s9k+ ! %afts1 met ) x #bi feet bel[ ! surface2 b be=e ?is 0 rea*$1 #ab feet ( made gr\nd1 #ah in*es ( loam1 & #af feet ( gravel1 _h to be pi]c$4 ,! ,london clay ran almo/ )\t a break betwe5 ! ,bank & ,%eph]d's ,bu%1 ! only hiatus be+ at a po9t betwe5 ,r$ ,lion ,/reet & ,b]n]'s ,/reet1 :]e ! ,woolwi* & ,read+ /rata cropp$ up1 :i* prov$ to consi/ ( h>d1 r$1 /reaky clay1 "s b$s ( :ite s&1 &1 /rangely en\gh1 b$s ( h>d lime/one rock1 ^: pres5ce _h n be5 anticipat$4 ,tube railways are c>ri$ out at consid]ably v>y+ dep?s2 ! ,c5tral runn+ 9 places #ajj feet 7i4e4 ! height ( ,we/m9/] ,abbey's nave7 bel[ ! road1 & at ! ,bank only #fe feet4 ,"s ( ! propos$ tubes burr[ mu* deep]2 = in/ance ^? ( ,*>+ ,cross & ,hamp/ead ,railway w be f #abj to #baf feet bel[ ! surface4 ,app>5tly1 !re is no reasonable limit to ! dep? at :i* eng9e]s are prep>$ to lay _! railway tubes4 ,,! ,,tube ,,mole ,,at ,,"w ,by an in/9ct--! h]itage ( ye>s--( a k9d t prompts gamekeep]s to slaught] indiscrim9ately eagles1 hawks1 cr[s1 magpies1 owls1 & ev5 squirrels1 class+ !m ) su* v]m9 z pole-cats1 /oats1 weasels1 & rats1 ignorant f>m]s & g>d5]s wage w> aga9/ ! mole1 ass]t+ t 9 driv+ 8 tunnels he ?r[s up unsightly heaps ( soil1 &1 worse /ill1 loos5s & de/roys ! roots ( plants & grass1 totally ignor+ ! fact t ,mr4 ,talpa ,europa1 ?\gh he may occasionally di/urb ! e>? ar\nd1 acts z a v effici5t surface dra9]1 & /ill bett]1 is a p]si/5t *as] & dev\r] ( 8 natural prey1 ! wire-worm1 & o!r injuri\s insects4 ,our ,tube mole ?r[s up no hillocks1 b he is accus$ ( be+ ! s\rce ( mu* mis*ief1 & ( endang]+ ! h\ses on ! surface--damag+1 z x 71 _! roots--by ! vibration aris+ f ! cont9ual passage ( tra9s along ! iron gall]ies & ! consequ5t subsid5ce ( ! gr\nd4 ,?is has giv5 rise to num]\s compla9ts1 s pron\nc$ z to become ! subject ( an (ficial inquiry4 ,"s fooli% objections h be5 rais$ to deep-level railways1 & equally unreasonable claims = injury done by !m h be5 br\ght into c\rt4 ,:]e a vibration clause is ins]t$ 9 any ,tube ,railway ,bill1 !re might be +5i\s claims manufactur$ = comp5sation4 ,= in/ance1 a wat*mak] might come =w>d & say t ! vibration caus$ by ! railway prev5t$ him f sett+ 8 *ronomet]s1 or a w9e m]*ant might say t 8 w9es 7 %ak5 up2 & 9 ?is way ! company might be subject to endless litigation4 ,:5 x 0 propos$ to bore tunnels #gj feet bel[ ! royal demesnes ( ,hyde ,p>k1 ,/4 ,james's ,p>k1 & ! ,gre5 ,p>k1 & z mu* z #baf feet bel[ ,hamp/ead ,hea?1 approximat+ 9 ! =m] case to ! height ( ,que5 ,eleanor's memorial at ,*>+ ,cross1 & 9 ! latt] to t ( ! tw9 t[]s ( ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 x 0 at once urg$ by ! repres5tatives ( a c]ta9 ,pres]vation ,society t ! trees1 plants1 & fl[]s ( ! ?ree p>ks w\ld be detrim5tally affect$ by ! ,tube1 & t ! ,hamp/ead ,hea? tunnels w\ld 8v probably dra9 ! upp] surface ( ! soil & de/roy vegetation all r\nd40 ,to :i* un?\ght-out cont5tion ,mr4 ,r4 ,e4 ,middleton1 a well-kn[n civil eng9e]1 repli$ t 8at ! dep?s propos$ = ! p>ks ! tunnels 7 to be con/ruct$ ?r\gh a /ratum1 n ( loose soil1 b ( /iff ,london clay1 s t any "q ( de/roy+ trees1 plants1 or fl[]s 0 r absurd2 9 fact1 vegetation w\ld 9 no way be affect$40 ,he might h add$ ! argum5t t1 al?\gh ord9>y railway tunnels ab\nd1 no "o _h ev] he>d ( ! ov]ly+ fields & woods be+ delet]i\sly affect$ by !m4 ,,claims ,,= ,,damage ,,by ,,tub+ ,n[1 9 deal+ ) ! matt] ( alleg$ injuries to build+s f vibration set up by ,tube railways1 ,i quote ! foll[+ case to %[ h[ vision>y are "s ( ! claims br\ght aga9/ ,tube ,companies4 ,on ! #ad? ( ,octob] la/1 at ! ,lambe? ,c\nty ,c\rt1 an action 0 br\ght aga9/ ! ,great ,nor!rn & ,city ,railway ,company by an individual liv+ 9 ,hoxton = damage alleg$ to h be5 done to 8 premises by ! con/ruction ( ! tunnels4 ,! pla9tiff /at$ t 9 consequ5ce ( ?is ! repairs ( 8 h\se _h co/ him #fb1 & t 9 ano!r h\se ( 81 cracks _h appe>$4 ,a photograph1 tak5 twelve mon?s be=e ! tunnels 7 made1 :i* %[$ a crack 9 front ( "o ( ! h\ses1 0 po9t$ out to ! witness1 :o said t he _h nev] notic$ x4 ,= ! def5ce ,mr4 ,d\glas ,"y /at$ t he act$ = ! ,company :5 ! tunnels 7 ab\t to be con/ruct$1 &1 anticipat+ claims ( ?is nature1 he caus$ photographs to be tak5 ( all h\ses :i* %[$ cracks on ! l9e ( r\te4 ,! cracks %[n 9 ! photos !n tak5 7 practically 9 ! same condition n[4 ,! repairs necess>y 7 n caus$ by damage done by ! tunnels1 & came entirely )9 ! repair+ clauses ( ! leases4 ,! jury return$ a v]dict = ! def5dant ,company on ! gr\nd t no damage _h be5 done by !m4 ,on ! o!r h&1 among ! ,tube ,railway cases br\ght into c\rt la/ ye> & ?is1 0 ! foll[+1 :i* illu/rates ! cont5tion t ?\gh !re may be a c]ta9 am\nt ( tru? 9 ! pla9tiff's argum5ts1 exagg]at$ ideas prevail z to ! sums t c be claim$ = injury1 pres5t or prospective4 ,x also %[s ! unc]ta9 /ate ( ! law on ! subject ( own]%ip ( ! subsoil--a h>d legal nut4 ,9 ! ,london ,%]iff's ,c\rt1 #ag? ,april1 #aijb1 ,mr4 ,"u-,%]iff ,bur*ell sat1 ) a special jury1 to consid] a claim = comp5sation br\ght by ,mr4 ,william ,h[>d1 ( #aa1 ,cornwall ,t]race1 ,reg5t's ,p>k1 aga9/ ! ,bak] ,/reet & ,wat]loo ,electric ,railway4 ,mr4 ,morton1 ,k4,c41 said t 9 ,augu/1 #aijj1 ,mr4 ,h[>d became aw>e t a subsid5ce 0 tak+ place1 & t ! walls ( 8 h\se 7 crack+1 ?is be+ unmi/akably due to ! bor+s = ! railway :i* 7 be+ made und]nea? ! prop]ty4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ^! bor+s ! ,company _h tak5 away "p ( ! subsoil ( ! claimant's premises )\t hav+ giv5 notice to treat1 & ?is1 c\nsel submitt$1 con/itut$ a di/9ct trespass4 ,! value ( ! prop]ty1 c\nsel cont5d$1 _h be5 det]iorat$ to ! ext5t ( at lea/ #ej p] annum4 ,mr4 ,h[>d's lease _h t5 ye>s to run1 ! r5tal be+ #bjj a ye>4 ,aft] exp]t evid5ce _h be5 giv51 ! ,hon4 ,a4 ,lyttelton1 ,k4,c41 = ! railway company1 said x 0 ridicul\s to ass]t t ! ,company _h committ$ an act ( trespass4 ,!y disput$ ! claimant's alleg$ own]%ip to l& sixty-five feet bel[ 8 premises1 & 7 det]m9$ to fight ! "q 9 ! c\rts1 inasmu* z x 0 "o :i* affect$ ! :ole ( ! electric tube railways 9 ,london4 ,"o witness call$ on behalf ( ! ,company said t ! damage to ! prop]ty c\ld be rem$i$ by ! exp5diture ( a t5-p\nd note4 ,! ,"u-,%]iff said t an important feature ( ! case :i* ! jury _h to decide 0 :e!r ! claimant 0 ! own] ( ! subsoil4 ,z su* he w\ld be entitl$ to comp5sation = any vibration t might occur :5 ! railway comm5c$ to run 9 ab\t two ye>s' "t4 ,he left x to ! jury to decide _! v]dict "u two heads1 namely1 8:at damages _h at pres5t be5 su/a9$10 &1 8:at damage 0 likely to accrue ?r\gh vibration40 ,aft] a brief delib]ation ! jury aw>d$ #ceg1 9 "o sum1 z damages4 ,on ! #f? ( ,febru>y ( ! pres5t ye>1 be=e ,mr4 ,ju/ice ,ridley & a special jury1 ! he>+ 0 resum$ ( ! case 9 :i* ,mrs4 ,dawson1 a wid[1 c>ry+ on ! bus9ess ( a drap] at ! junction ( ,city ,road & ,ea/ ,/reet1 su$ ! ,great ,nor!rn & ,city ,railway = #aj1jjj damages1 alleg$ to h be5 caus$ by ! tunnell+ op]ations 9 ! vic9ity ( h] premises4 ,! claim includ$ "s #d1jjj :i* x is e/imat$ x w\ld co/ to put ! build+s 9 a prop] /ate ( repair1 & #e1jjj repres5t+ loss ( bus9ess dur+ ! "t x w\ld take to complete ! "w ( re9/atem5t4 ,! jury return$ a v]dict = ! pla9tiff "u ! foll[+ heads3 ,am\nt = tak+ ! subsoil occupi$ by ! tunnel1 #ej2 /ructural damage1 #b1jjj2 damage to trade & /ock1 #b1ajj2 total1 #d1aej4 ,mr4 ,dobb ask$ t judgm5t %\ld be ent]$4 ,mr4 ,mc,call ?\ght ! judge _h no p[] to ent] a judgm5t ( ! ,high ,c\rt because ! proce$+s 7 9 ! =m ( an int]plead] action4 ,mr4 ,ju/ice ,ridley said he w\ld give judgm5t 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ! ^w 0 us$ 9 ! ,l&s ,clauses ,act4 ,judgm5t 0 giv5 accord+ly4 ,at a meet+ ( ! ,auctione]s' ,in/itute held la/ ye>1 ,mr4 ,g4 ,m4 ,freeman1 ,k4,c41 speak+ on ?is subject1 p]t95tly rem>k$ t v>i\s que/ions 7 likely to arise betwe5 ! promotors ( ! new ord] ( und]gr\nd railway & ! own]s ( adjac5t prop]ty1 & he gave x z 8 op9ion t ! ass]tion t no possible damage w\ld be caus$1 _h n be5 :olly v]ifi$1 & t ! rights ( comp5sation to p]sons equally injur$ ought n to dep5d ^u :e!r a piece ( ! subsoil "u ! /reet 0 or 0 n appropriat$4 ,9 8 judgm5t1 all own]s :o c\ld prove damage done by ! con/ruction or work+ ( an und]gr\nd railway1 %\ld h ! same title to comp5sation4 ,,vibration ,! outcome ( ! ,bo>d ( ,trade inquiry la/ ye> into ! vex$ "q ( tube vibration 0 int]e/+4 ,x %[$ t alleg$ annoyance f vibration has n be5 altoge!r imag9>y1 & "s novel facts 7 produc$4 ,f\rte5 meet+s 7 held1 & evid5ce 0 giv5 by "s ( ! resid5ts along ! l9e ( ! ,c5tral ,railway r\te1 _! habitat rang+ f ,buckl]sbury 9 ! ,city to ,k5s+ton ,palace ,g>d5s 9 ! we/4 ,a l>ge numb] ( ! witnesses repres5t$ h\sehold]s hav+ 8frontages10 & among o!rs1 ! ,holborn ,bor\gh ,c\ncil4 ,!y all depos$ z to annoyance caus$ by ! vibration1 & 7 ( op9ion t ! %ak+ 0 mo/ p]ceptible :5 ! tra9s fir/ began runn+ 9 ! morn+2 betwe5 five & eight p4m42 & %ortly aft] midnight1 j be=e ! tra9s ceas$ runn+4 ,_h any ( ^! g5tlem5 resid$ on ! nor? side ( ,victoria ,/reet1 ne> its we/]n end1 !y w\ld h>dly h compla9$ ab\t m]e vibration4 ,9 t delectable locality ! backs ( ! h\ses ov]look ! ,metropolitan ,di/rict ,railway1 & if ! d9+-room happ5 to be 9 ! re>1 z 9 _m ( ! flats x is1 e w9e-glass & tumbl] on ! table quiv]s 9 a fe>ful mann]1 all ! ornam5ts tremble1 & ! :ole ap>tm5t is agitat$ z ea* tra9 ?und]s by4 ,b ev5 ?is is no?+1 contra/$ ) ! daily exp]i5ce ( dwell]s 9 suburban side /reets1 :]e pass+ ( /eam-roll]s1 pante*nicon-vans1 & o!r elephant9e vehicles1 n only %akes ! t5em5ts to _! basem5ts1 b =ces out ! mort> t is suppos$ to b9d toge!r ! brickwork1 dislocates ! w9d[-frames1 turns askew ! pictures on ! walls1 & w\ld ev5tually1 if n se5 to1 r$uce ! 8eligible villas0 to ru94 ,h[ev]1 ! ,bo>d ( ,trade ,committee1 z 9 duty b\nd1 p]sonally inve/igat$ ! ,tube compla9ts & satisfi$ !mselves t vibrations1 suffici5t to cause vexation to ! inmates1 7 really felt 9 "s ( ! h\ses ne> ! ,c5tral1 & ! result ( ! inquiry 0 z foll[s3-- ,t x 0 a matt] ( *ance :e!r any giv5 tra9 caus$ a slight1 or a sev]e1 vibration2 also t tra9s :i* produc$ mu* tremblr de tirra 9 "o h\se1 z likely z n caus$ b little 9 ano!r1 & t app>5tly diff]5t ap>tm5ts 9 ! same resid5ce 7 n simil>ly affect$ by "o & ! same tra94 ,x 0 demon/rat$ t ! locomotives1 & n ! c>s1 7 responsible = ! great] "p ( ! di/urbances1 ! reason assign$ be+ t too great a spr+less load 0 c>ri$ on ea* axle ( ! eng9es1 a me?od ( con/ruction adopt$ to obviate ! necessity = ge>+4 ,act+ ^u ! ,committee's repres5tation1 ! ,c5tral ,railway ,company ord]$ two new types ( locomotives1 9 "o ( :i* ! 8unspr+-borne0 load 0 mu* r$uc$ by ge>+4 ,! o!r 0 n di/9ct f b atta*$ to ! tra91 ! motors be+ c>ri$ at "o end ( two or m coa*es--! motor-c> sy/em ( electric traction 9 fact4 ,! diff]5ce 9 weight 0 rem>kable2 ! orig9al ge>less eng9es be+ #dd tons1 ! new ge>$ patt]n #cc tons1 :ile ! motor-c>s only came up to #bj tons4 ,"s novel exp]im5ts 7 made1 & 9 ord] to id5tify ! tra9s1 ! h\ses 9 :i* ! obs]v]s took _! places ) record+ in/rum5ts 7 connect$ by telephone ) ! signal-boxes at ! adjo9+ /ations4 ,q satisfactory 7 ! results1 & x 0 f\nd t1 dur+ "s two h\rs1 ! pass+ ( e tra9 drawn by ! heavy ge>less locomotive 0 di/9ctly felt1 b 0 n disc]nible :5 ! new eng9es 7 atta*$4 ,!re=e ! ,committee conclud$ t1 s f> z ! ,c5tral 0 conc]n$1 ! adoption ( motor-c>s w\ld s r$uce ! tremblem5t de t]re z to cause all real annoyance to cease1 ?\gh ! s\nd ( ! tra9s1 p>ticul>ly at night1 might /ill be detect$4 ,z to ! oscillation ( ! c>s--a r m>k$ feature 9 ! ,tube--x 0 attribut$ by ! ,committee's exp]ts to ! unev5ness ( ! surface ( ! rails4 ,z ^! leave ! roll+-mills !y are usually slightly curv$1 & ! process ( /raight5+ !m 9 situ1 h[ev] skilfully c>ri$ out1 inevitably leaves a c]ta9 am\nt ( wav9ess4 ,:5 ! spe$ is high1 a condition ( ?+s soon arises :]eby ! irregul> impulses produc$ by ! unev5 rail surfaces e/abli%es a rock+ movem5t ( ! rails & ! road-b$1 conv]t+ bo? into an ela/ic in/ead ( a rigid support4 ,?is is increas$ & ma9ta9$ by ! p\nd+ ( ! ge>less locomotives 9 ! n>r[ tubes1 int5sifi$ by ! h>d unyield+ mat]ial ( :i* !y are compos$4 ,ano!r fact to :i* ! ,committee call$ att5tion 01 t 9 consequ5ce ( ! small diamet] ( ! tunnels 7#ab feet71 ! fit 0 too close1 & ! pressure 9 front ( ! tra9s necessitat$ great] p[] to ov]come x ?an if m space _h be5 left betwe5 ! ro(s ( ! c>riages & ! tubes4 ,9 ! agitation respect+ damage alleg$ to h be5 done by ! con/ruction ( ! ,tubes1 x 0 prov$ t provid$ ! ap]tures are made ( suffici5t size1 & suitable locomotives us$1 & ! p]man5t way prop]ly laid ) /iff] & deep] rails1 ! *ance ( injury to h\ses by ! movindo la tirra1 z ! ,spani>ds call x1 c be r$uc$ to a m9imum4 ,mod]n sci5ce tells u t e>? trembl+s are ) u at all times & 9 all places to an ext5t n realis$4 ,we are assur$ t1 by ,pr(essor ,j4 ,milne's in/rum5ts1 quiv]+s1 & slop+s ( ! e>?'s cru/1 ins5sible to ! mo/ delicate _s-levels1 c be detect$4 ,x is n[ kn[n t e>?quake movem5ts c be felt "r ?r\gh ! e>?1 & all r\nd its surface4 ,latt]ly1 ,pr(essor ,milne has also discov]$ t 8 obs]vatory 9 ! ,isle ( ,wight s9ks sl[ly dur+ a "p ( ! ye>1 & rises z sl[ly dur+ ano!r "p--z if ! brea/ ( ! e>? 7 heav+4 ,= five mon?s 9 ! ye>1 ! tall build+s 9 a city may be heel+ ov] t[>ds ! we/2 !n !y come back ) extreme sl[ness to ! p]p5dicul>1 & f9ally cant a little to ! ea/4 ,surely1 !n1 we ne$ n compla9 ab\t an occasional mild e>?-%ake produc$ by ! pass+ ( ! useful ,und]gr\nd1 or ,tube tra9s1 see+ t ! good !y d s f> outweighs _! defects4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,t\r+ ,,9 ,,! ,,tubes ,a ,,sket* 8,%e do? /ray ab\t40--,,%akespe>e4 ,mrs4 ,rosamond 0 a pleasant1 *atty1 little woman1 & a univ]sal fav\rite4 ,h] abundant hair 0 br[n1 h] eyes1 %ad$ by long d>k la%es1 7 deepe/ blue1 & above !m rose1 n ! 8b> ( ,mi*ael ,angelo10 b a l[1 smoo?1 & pretty =ehead1 :]e1 h[ev]1 a phr5ologi/ w\ld h look$ 9 va9 = ! fa9te/ trace ( ! 8bump ( locality40 ,%e 0 a %rewd judge ( "* 9 m5 & wom51 especially ! =m]4 ,%e lov$ beautiful sc5]y & ev]y?+ ref9$ 9 art & lit]ature4 ,%e _h great sympa?y ) ! suff]+ & di/ress$2 b h] ability to take m5tal notes ( ?+s & places1 & to f9d h] way ab\t t[ns & cities1 z "s d by in/9ct1 0 utt]ly want+ 9 ,lilian ,rosamond2 yet1 ) ! /range p]v]sity t impels p ) bad eyesight to drive dog-c>ts or motor-c>s1 or to /e] ya*ts1 %e p]si/$ 9 go+ ab\t /range localities unaccompani$1 & :5 any exp$ition 0 plann$1 audaci\sly pos$ z an au?ority on quicke/ & be/ r\tes4 ,b %e 0 a native ( ! fair 8,nor? c\ntree10 &1 ly+ p]du b5ea? h] sweet disposition1 0 a ve9--a ?9 "o--( self-w4 8,:y10 %e argu$1 8%\ld %e n f9d h] way ab\t l o!r p8 ,_h %e n f *ildhood liv$ at ,lymm1 ,*e%ire1 & roam$ ab\t t di/rict )\t difficulty8 ,_h %e n frequ5tly travell$ to ! old c\nty city8 ,_h %e n brav$ ! t]rors ( ! ,great ,c5tral ,/ation at ,man*e/] en r\te = ,halifax--*ang$ c>riages !re1 9 fact8 ,& _h %e n once actually j\rney$ all by h]self to ,london on a visit1 return+ safely to h] own t[n80 ,all ( :i* 0 p]fectly true1 b %e omitt$ to add t1 9 go+ up to t[n1 h] p>5ts _h1 z x 71 to see h] 8labell$ & consign$0 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a fa!rly gu>d1 :ile h] fri5ds 9 t[n _h be5 /rictly enjo9$ on no acc\nt to miss meet+ h] at ,eu/on1 & nev] to let h] g any:]e 9 ! metropolis unaccompani$4 ,9 fact1 h] family 7 9 an agony ( susp5se until %e 0 back aga94 ,mrs4 ,rosamond _h m>ri$ a g5tleman-f>m] ( ,wel% extraction1 & h] life _h fall5 on pleasant l9es 9 a remote ,radnor%ire village be>+ an unpron\nceable "n made up ( consonants4 ,! ye> #aijb arriv$1 & ) x1 9 ,june1 an invitation f h] si/]-9-law to sp5d ,coronation week ) h] 9 ,edi? ,road1 ,we/ ,k5s+ton2 & (f %e />t$1 h] easy-go+ husb&1 :o _h seldom te/$ 8 wife's s5se 7or abs5ce7 ( locality1 & _h no suspicion ( h[ mu* x 0 lack+1 m]ely rem>k+ z he saw h] into ! tra91 8,n[1 my de>1 m9d y wait at ,padd+ton a reasonable "t to see if ,annie is !re to meet y4 ,%e is n always punctual1 & if %e does n turn up1 take a cab4 ,don't attempt to get to ,edi? ,road by omnibus or ,und]gr\nd ,railway4 ,y don't "k ,london1 & a f\r-:eel] w be *eap] 9 ! long run4 ,n[1 don't =get ?is1 !re's a de> little woman1 or ,i %all worry all day long ab\t y40 ,9 ! same c>riage ) h] 0 a lady ( unc]ta9 age1 :om ,mrs4 ,rosamond quickly guess$ to be unm>ri$ & an 8organis]0--"o ( ^? ass]tive1 indep5d5t1 8heel-less0 wom5 ( ! g5us plantigrade1 :o "k ev]y?+ & want no assi/ance f anybody4 ,fall+ into conv]sation1 ,lilian ,rosamond rem>k$ t %e hop$ to see ! ,k+'s procession to ! ,abbey1 a seat hav+ long ago be5 secur$ = h]1 & t %e _h be5 told %e w\ld h to g a v long di/ance f ! ,we/ ,end & might h to />t by ! fir/ tra9 on ! ,twop5ny ,tube to ! ,bank1 & t !n by ano!r ,tube %e someh[ w\ld get to ! ,bor\gh ,high ,/reet 7:]e h] 8/&0 0 situat$7 by way ( ! 8,elephant & ,ca/le40 ,?is l$ to ! subject ( ,we/ ,k5s+ton1 h] de/9ation1 & h[ %e propos$ rea*+ x f ,padd+ton4 8,:y10 said ! plantigrade lady1 8:at on e>? made y\r husb& tell y to take a cab8 ,x is two miles (f at lea/1 & y are sure to be ov]-*>g$4 ,nev] m9d :at he said4 ,m5 are always extravagant 9 ^! matt]s4 ,besides1 y c ?9k = y\rself2 y are a woman1 n a baby4 ,n[1 ,i'll tell y :at to d4 ,if y\r si/] is n at ! /ation1 book y\r luggage--y say y h n got mu* ) y--to be s5t on by ! railway p>cel van1 cross ! road to ! ,pra$ ,/reet ,di/rict ,railway ,/ation1 get out at ,nott+ ,hill ,gate1 cross ! road !re to ! ,tube /ation1 & = twop5ce y w be at ,%eph]d's ,bu% 9 a few m9utes40 ,?is sugge/ion seem$ to ,mrs4 ,rosamond good & attractive1 b %e bravely resi/$ ! allurem5ts ( a j\rney by an unfamili> r\te2 &1 recall+ h] husb& & 8 injunction1 aft] wait+ a qu>t] ( an h\r at ,eu/on & f9d+ t no "o came = h]1 %e all[$ h]self to be /[$ away by an att5tive & sympa!tic port] into a /ale1 /raw-smell+ f\r-:eel]1 & arriv$ safely at ,no4 #bh1 :5 cabby promptly ask$1 & receiv$1 half a cr[n--a mod]ate eighte5p5ce m ?an 8 legitimate f>e2 b cabm51 l ev]ybody else1 mu/ live someh[6 ,! longe/ day record$ 9 ! almanac dawn$ cle> & fair1 & ,mrs4 ,rosamond1 ris+ at an une>?ly e>ly h\r1 />t$ = ,isl+ton1 :]e %e _h promis$ to breakfa/ ) a relative--an unusual k9d ( feat to attempt1 b easy ( accompli%m5t by leav+ ,%eph]d's ,bu% v e>ly = ! ,bank ( ,engl&1 :]e1 z x 0 expla9$ to h] 9 an (f-h&1 bus9esslike mann] by h] si/]'s husb&1 all %e _h to d 0 to hit ! "r subway1 book afre% at ! ,bank ,/ation ( ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,electric ,railway1 & 89 a jiffy1 z easy z ,a ,b ,c0 7s he put x7 %e w\ld f9d h]self at ! 8,angel10 ,isl+ton1 & be ) h] aunt 9 "t = ! c(fee & rolls4 ,mrs4 ,rosamond 0 delight$ at ! prospect1 & no happi] woman ?an %e /ood outside ! ,tube's t]m9us t bright summ] morn+4 ,! book+-(fice 0 full ( p--( ! work+ class1 ?\ght fair ,mrs4 ,rosamond1 :o1 obs]v+ t ea* p]son paid ! sum ( ?ree-halfp5ce ?r\gh ! glass p>tition t scre5$ ! cl]ks f too close contact ) ! public1 t5d]$ t mode/ sum l ! o!rs1 )\t specify+ h] de/9ation4 ,b ?\gh pla9ly1 %e 0 too da9tily dress$ & too self-evid5tly a lady to escape notice1 & 0 r surpris$ at be+ ask$ if %e want$ a workman's ticket4 8,oh no60 %e ha/ily exclaim$4 8,i am only go+ to ! ,bank1 & !n to ,isl+ton on a visit40 8,well1 !n1 y\r f>e is twop5ce40 ,& %e receiv$ 9 return a small slip ( pap] & n ! famili> pa/ebo>d ticket cov]$ ) undeciph]able lett]s & figures4 ,foll[+ ! cr[d1 ,mrs4 ,rosamond dropp$ ! docum5t into a slop+ box fix$ at ! side ( ! gate & presid$ ov] by a railway (ficial1 ! process sugge/+ to h] lively imag9ation ! me?od by :i* votes are record$ at a ,s*ool ,bo>d election4 ,wide op5 /ood ! door ( a gigantic lift1 ! l ( :i* %e _h nev] se51 :i* quickly fill$ ) a compact mass ( "s fifty m5 & a spr9kl+ ( wom54 ,!re 7 uphol/]$ b5*es at ! sides2 & a civil "y artisan (f]$ h] 8 seat1 b ,lilian pref]r$ to /& & look ab\t h]4 ,! electro-light$ ap>tm5t 0 n /hetic1 & ! unsightly adv]tisem5ts1 & notices w>n+ travell]s aga9/ smok+1 spitt+1 or /&+ too ne> ! doors1 did n add to its beauty2 & :5 ! telescopic gates 7 cla%$ toge!r & fa/5$1 ! :ole ?+ rem9d$ ,mrs4 ,rosamond ( a great cage full ( specim5s ( ! ,briti% ,homo ,sapi5s pack$ = conveyance & exhibition to inhabitants ( o!r regions4 ,sudd5ly1 g5tly1 & noiselessly ! lift began to desc5d1 & x seem$ z if x w\ld nev] /op4 ,b /op x did1 at a dep? ( sev5ty feet1 :i* might h be5 sev5 hundr$ s f> z ,mrs4 ,rosamond's s5sations 7 conc]n$4 ,once aga9 ! iron gates cla%$1 & ! wild animals--,i mean ! pass5g]s--/ream$ =?1 our fair travell] foll[+1 to ! plat=m4 ,0 %e dream+8 ,_h %e1 l ,alice 9 ,wond]l&1 sudd5ly become dim9utive1 & 0 %e wait+ = a well-groom$ little :ite rabbit1 ) gold wat* & *a91 to em]ge f :at resembl$ a burr[ at ! end ( ! /ation8 ,x 0 s v small4 ,ev]y?+ 0 on a r$uc$ scale1 ! /&+-room 0 a m]e /rip ( plank+1 ! tube l a pea-%oot]4 ,surely x w\ld n take 9 ! tra96 ,h[ev]1 x 0 delici\sly cool & light1 & ! tiles t l9$ ! /ation 71 z %e f\nd by t\*+ !m ) h] glov$ h&s1 p]fectly free f smuts4 ,9 a few mom5ts1 f ! op5 cutt+ at ! opposite end ( ! plat=m1 :]e lay ! %unt+ tracks1 a bright light & metallic clatt]+ h]ald$ ! /range-look+ *imneyless locomotive4 ,beh9d x came five attractive-look+ c>s jo9$ toge!r1 & gleam+ ) light4 ,at _! po9t ( junction 7 telescopic gates1 flung op5 z soon z ! tra9 /opp$1 & ,mrs4 ,rosamond1 :o _h j "t to obs]ve t !re 7 n two rails only on ! track1 b a ?ird 9 ! middle1 hurri$ into ! fir/ c> %e c\ld f9d1 & ! e>lie/ tra9 on ! ,tube glid$ into ! tunnel en r\te = ! ,bank4 ,lilian ,rosamond at once discov]$ t ! c>s j fitt$ ! ,tube4 ,%e w\ld l to h t\*$ ! sides1 b z ! w9d[s 7 seal$ up ?is 0 impossible4 ,ev]y?+ look$ delightfully clean1 &1 consid]+ ! cr[d1 %e 0 lucky to f9d a seat next to an intellig5t & quiet-look+1 middle-ag$ man1 :o turn$ out to be a =eman engag$ ^u great build+ works proce$+ 9 ! ,city4 ,! spe$ increas$1 & ! noise & ! rattl+ ( ! c>s increas$ 9 proportion--a condition ( ?+s %e _h n expect$1 & x 0 a relief :5 ! tra9 sl[$ d[n & made its fir/ pause at ,holl& ,p>k4 ,"h a few workm5 got 91 b n a s\l got out6 ,mrs4 ,rosamond1 look+ ab\t h]1 notic$ t h] companions de voyage 7 n 9 appe>ance su* z %e _h expect$ at s e>ly an h\r4 ,x is true !y ne>ly all smok$--cig>ettes mo/ly--"s /ick+ to ! old-fa%ion$ %ort clay pipe *>g$ ) mo/ pung5t tobacco2 b !y did n swe> or use /rong language1 !y 7 n all dress$ 9 corduroy1 nor 7 _! clo!s dirty1 nei!r did !y univ]sally c>ry huge 8bass-bags0 conta9+ saws1 & o!r %>p & na/y tools4 ,h] neighb\r1 ! =eman1 ) :om %e soon got into a lively conv]sation1 told h] t mo/ ( ! m5 7masons *iefly7 7 employ$ on a 8big job0 at ,f9sbury1 & w\ld travel to ! ,bank4 ,he also volunte]$ ! in=mation t he liv$ 9 ,caxton ,road1 close to ! ,%eph]d's ,bu% ,/ation ( ! ,tube2 t he _h to get 8 own breakfa/ at #d4cj or !reab\ts1 or wait until he got to ! ,city1 :5 he _h x at a snug little c(fee-%op 9 ,moorfields2 t he _h us$ ! ,tube ev] s9ce its op5+ 9 #aijj day aft] day1 />t+ by ! fir/ tra9 9 ! morn+1 & return+1 z 8 place & "w suit$1 along ! r\te at all h\rs1 f five o'clock to eight1 & sometimes 7?\gh seldom7 by ! la/ tra9 f ! ,bank at #ab4cj p4m42 & t ! c>s betwe5 ! =m] h\rs--:5 p 7 leav+ ! ,city = ! day--7 m cr[d$ ?an 9 ! e>ly morn+1 9 fact cramm$1 ) n ev5 /&+ room4 ,at ,nott+ ,hill ,gate !re 0 a ru% ( op]atives4 ,by ?is "t ! c>s 7 pack$1 & ! little woman p]ceiv$ ! uses ( ! slid+ lea!r /raps susp5d$ ov]head1 to :i* ! unlucky seatless ones1 :o fill$ up ! :ole ( ! gangway1 held on l grim dea?1 to avoid tumbl+ ab\t z ! tra9 oscillat$4 ,at ! ,m>ble ,ar* "s few p]sons1 a doz5 or s1 tri$ to pu% 91 b ! five c>s 7 complet1 & s !y cont9u$1 until1 at ! ,briti% ,museum ,/ation1 a section ( ! pass5g]s alight$1 z also at ,*anc]y ,lane & ! ,g5]al ,po/ ,(fice4 ,!n1 aft] a run ( #f miles f ,%eph]d's ,bu% 9 tw5ty-f\r m9utes1 ! ,c5tral 8e>ly workm50 pull$ up at ! ,bank t]m9us at a plat=m resembl+ ! o!rs all along ! l9e4 ,mrs4 ,rosamond w5t up 9 a big lift1 n to ! surface z %e expect$1 b f\nd h]self l&$ 9 a broad asphalt$1 bewild]+ subway l9$ ) :ite bricks4 ,brilliantly light$ :ite passages seem$ to /ret* away 9 all directions1 full ( p te>+ ab\t "h1 !re1 & ev]y:]e 9 ! utmo/ confusion1 "s asc5d+ /eps t appe>$ to lead to ! daylight1 o!rs desc5d+ slopes t end$ 9 m brick-l9$ passages4 ,at once %e recall$ h] ho/'s injunction 8to hit ! "r subway0 = ! ,isl+ton ,tube ,l9e1 b becom+ a trifle excit$ & confus$1 %e w5t up ! /aircase t look$ ! %orte/1 & f\nd h]self 9 ,cornhill1 along :i* %e /ray$ a %ort di/ance1 & came to ,/4 ,mi*ael's1 :5 %e ?\ght %e _h rea*$ ! /ation1 because %e _h be5 told x 0 und]nea? a *ur*4 ,b !re 0 no ,city & ,s\? ,london ,railway1 & h] ho/ _h omitt$ to say t ! subway betwe5 x & ! ,bank 0 contemplat$ only4 ,s ,lilian ask$ h] way1 & quickly f\nd :at %e 0 seek+ close by at ! corn] ( ,lomb>d ,/reet & ,k+ ,william ,/reet4 ,& n[1 gr[+ confid5t by exp]i5ce1 & p]ceiv+ t ! book+-(fice & g5]al arrangem5ts resembl$ ^? ( ! ,two-p5ny ,tube1 ?\gh on a small] scale1 %e w5t to ! book+-(fice w9d[ & t5d]$ twop5ce4 ,! cl]k politely inquir$1 8,all ! way1 miss80 & on h] reply+ 9 ! affirmative1 dem&$1 & receiv$1 f\rp5ce1 giv+ h] an ord9>y ticket 9 return4 ,%e ?\ght ?is /range1 be+ diff]5t f ! ,tube sy/em1 ! m s :5 %e saw no glass box :]e9 to drop x4 ,b !re 0 ! lift1 & s %e desc5d$4 ,alas6 :5 %e got to ! bottom1 %e =got to make inquiries1 be+ absorb$ 9 m$itation ab\t h] husb&4 8,:at 0 he do+ at t p>ticul> h\r80 %e wond]$4 8,_h he gone out fi%+8 ,0 he mak+ ! r\nds ( 8 f>m1 & look+ aft] 8 pet live/ock1 ! pigs80 ,a tra9 came up1 & )\t giv+ ! matt] a second ?\ght1 %e got into x1 & f\nd ! c>s pretty ne>ly empty4 ,!y 7 n>r[ & l[1 & ! atmosph]e 0 close4 ,away !y sp$1 by ,london ,bridge1 ! ,bor\gh1 ! 8,elephant & ,ca/le10 ,k5n+ton ,p>k ,road1 ! ,oval1 & ,/ockwell1 b ! gu>d did n call out ! names ( ^! /ations1 & only :5 ! t]m9us 0 rea*$ did ,lilian r\se h]self f h] rev]ie1 & /epp+ out ( ! /ation aft] giv+ up h] ticket1 gaz$ agha/1 n at ! 8,angel10 ,isl+ton1 :i* %e knew 0 a locality ne>ly all bricks & mort>1 b ^u a l>ge op5 space--,clapham ,common6 ,9 fact1 ! poor voyageuse _h gone d[n ! wrong lift at ! ,bank ,/ation1 & _h fail$ to notice ! names ( ! /ations z %e came along4 ,to recov] h] equanimity1 ,mrs4 ,rosamond ?\ght %e w\ld /roll ab\t a little be=e go+ back to ,isl+ton1 :i*1 x 0 expla9$ to h]1 0 at ! o!r extremity ( ! l9e4 ,mu* refre%$ by an h\r's walk & ! novelty ( ! t]ra incognita1 %e book$ aga91 & resum$ h] pilgrimage1 det]m9$ t ?is "t !re %\ld be no mi/ake4 ,:at 0 x8 ,0 x fatality8 or 0 x "s mis*iev\s :isp]+ _s t caus$ h] to keep m5tally repeat+ ! words1 8,bank ,/ation08 ,an e*o1 p]haps1 ( ! in/ructions receiv$ ! ev5+ be=e4 ,anyh[1 %e did n g /raight on1 b z soon z ! tra9 rea*$ ! ,city1 %e alight$ at ! ,bank1 & f\nd h]self once m 9 ! maze ( subways bran*+ (f f ! ,c5tral's book+-(fice4 ,! little woman 0 9 despair4 ,:at mu/ %e d8 ,x 0 no use ask+ h] way1 ev]ybody seem$ 9 too viol5t a hurry to att5d to o!r p2 s %e walk$ me*anically d[n a disagreeably /eep asphalt$ incl9e & along a wood-pav$1 :ite-til$ tunnel1 & saw at ! end an electric ,tube /ation4 ,!re 0 ! usual n>r[ plat=m1 ! glaz$ tunnel1 ! electric light1 & ! f\r-c> tra91 b no que]-%ap$ eng9e1 & ! c>riages look$ small] ?an ^? ( ! ,c5tral & ( a diff]5t build1 ! glaz$ sides slop+ inw>ds t[>ds ! l[ ro(4 ,!re 0 no book+-(fice1 s %e /epp$ into ! tra91 :]e1 z 9 an omnibus1 tickets 7 issu$ & pun*$ = ! sum ( two-p5ce4 ,! c>s 7 n>r[ & /uffy1 & %e did n l !m1 b look+ up1 %e caught sight ( a brass plate giv+ ! "n ( ! eng9e]s at ,pre/on1 ,lanca%ire1 & ?is q *e]$ h]4 ,9 ab\t five m9utes ! tra9 /opp$1 & ev]ybody got out & /ream$ up /airways & along passages into :at prov$ to be a va/ railway t]m9us--,wat]loo2 & %e realis$ ! dismal fact t by inadv]t5ce %e _h tak5 ! ,wat]loo & ,city ,railway1 in/ead ( ! ,city & ,s\? ,london6 ,x 0 ! ^w 8,city0 runn+ 9 h] head t _h done ! mis*ief4 ,no?+ 0 left b to return1 & s1 ?r\gh l(ty cav]n\s regions b5ea? ! t]m9us1 ov] bridges1 & d[n endless slopes ( wood-pav+1 %e manag$ to rea* ! up-plat=m4 ,n[ came ! ru% ( e>ly ,city-b\nd m51 season-ticket hold]s1 :o _h travell$ by ! ,london & ,s\? ,we/]n l9e f all p>ts ( ,surrey s]v$ by x4 ,!y came pelt+ d[n ! incl9es z if _! lives dep5d$ ^u cat*+ a p>ticul> tra94 ,mo/ ( !m c>ri$ neat h&-bags1 sugge/ive ( legal docum5ts or company prospectuses1 & ne>ly all _h a morn+ pap]4 ,! bulk ( !m 7 well dress$1 ) an indef9able air indicative ( ! suburban resid5t4 ,mrs4 ,rosamond f\nd !m exce$+ly pleasant1 & 0 soon *att+ ) a milit>y-look+ g5tleman1 irreproa*ably groom$1 ) a l9$ & %rewd face1 & old en\gh to be h] fa!r4 ,he 01 9 fact1 an em95t solicitor 9 ,t[] ,royal1 ,cannon ,/reet1 :o1 he>+ ( h] adv5tures1 appe>$ to sympa?ise v deeply4 8,a little too deeply10 said h] husb&1 on he>+ h] n>rative1 n t he 0 di/ru/ful or jeal\s1 b he pref]r$ to d mo/ ( ! sympa?is+ himself4 ,! man ( law tri$ to be faceti\s1 & 9 expla9+ at "s l5g? ! diff]5ce betwe5 metropolitan 8tubes0 & ! 8,und]gr\nd10 s confus$ ,mrs4 ,rosamond t %e end$ by ?9k+ !y 7 "o & ! same ?+--a fatal error on h] "p1 z we %all see4 ,dilat+ ^u ! subject1 & ^u ! trials %e _h endur$ t morn+1 he rem>k$ t he 0 sure h] fri5ds & ! _w 9 g5]al w\ld be great los]s 7 s pleasant & vivaci\s a lady z h]self to rema9 und]gr\nd4 ,at :i* fair ,rosamond smil$--%e _h beautiful tee?1 & a smile became h]2 b %e grew some:at res]v$ 9 mann] :5 he insi/$ ^u escort+ h] along ! "r subway1 & felt decid$ly reliev$ :5 he c\rte\sly left h] on ! pavem5t at ! 8,p\ltry10 by ,mapp9 & ,webb's4 ,x 0 gett+ on t[>ds elev5 o'clock1 & ,mi/ress ,rosamond1 :o1 beyond a cup ( c(fee ha/ily swall[$ be=e %e />t$1 _h ta/$ no?+ = six h\rs1 began to feel fa9t1 exp]i5c+ t di/ress+ s5sation :i* makes "o ?9k ! gr\nd is ab\t to rise up & /rike "o1 & t he>+ & vision are ab\t to fail4 ,%e mu/ h some?+ to eat & dr9k1 b :]e8 ,dimly %e recall$ h[ 9 ! old days a v de> bro!r1 :o knew 8 ,london well1 0 fond ( expatiat+ ^u ! m]its ( c]ta9 reliable places 9 ! ,city :]e ! inn] man c\ld be mo/ satisfactorily refre%$--,bir*'s1 ,sweet+'s1 ,pimm's 9 ! 8,p\ltry40 ,:y1 %e 0 actually /&+ 9 ! 8,p\ltry06 ,s1 foll[+ ! curt1 b respectful1 directions ( a civic policeman1 :o mu/ h be5 at lea/ six feet two in*es 9 8 /ock+s1 %e1 )\t cross+ ! road1 easily discov]$ ! hav5 ( refuge 9 "q1 & be+ %[n up to ! ladies' d9+-room1 sat d[n at a table ne> a w9d[ :i* look$ ^u busy ,*eapside4 ,?\gh r too e>ly 9 ! day = ! regul> m5u1 consultation ) a grey-head$ wait]--:o /rongly rem9d$ h] ( "s ,*ur* dignit>y 7a dean = *oice7 9 layman's attire1 & :o became imm5sely int]e/$ 9 8 cli5t1 p>tly because h] blue eyes recall$ to him ^? ( a daught] 8lo/ a:ile0--result$1 )9 tw5ty m9utes1 9 a da9ty repa/1 "s scallop$ oy/]s1 a 8portion0 ( ! *oice/ ,scot* salmon cold1 ) cucumb]1 & da9ty roll & butt]1 foll[$ by a *eese s\ffl1 &--by ! 8dean's0 advice--nei!r tea1 c(fee1 nor w9e1 b a glass1 j "o glass1 ( ,pimm's 8p>ticul>0 /\t1 a bev]age our travell] 0 unaccu/om$ to1 b f\nd an admirable accompanim5t to h] fi% lun*eon4 ,! bill 0 paid ) a h&some d\ceur1 :i* ! 8dean0 condesc5d$ to accept2 & refre%$1 & ) r5ew$ det]m9ation to c>ry out h] orig9al l9e ( m>*1 ,mrs4 ,rosamond /epp$ out & walk$ along ,*eapside4 ,!re ! %ops at once attract$ h] att5tion3 ! jewell]s1 ! hosi]s--9 "o ( :i* latt] %e b\ght "s neckties & coll>s = h] sp\se--! pr9t-sell]s1 & ! ,london ,/]eoscopic ,company's s$uctive w9d[4 ,"h %e look$ up at ! *ur* clock f> above h] head1 & f9d+ ! "t gett+ on1 & becom+ j a little flurri$ at ! discov]y1 />t$ at once to resume h] w&]+s4 8,if y please1 con/able1 c y tell me ! ne>e/ way to ! ,und]gr\nd ,railway80 8,/raight z y c g1 miss1 d[n ! lane1 ,b[ ,lane1 9 front ( y1 & y w f9d ! /ation across ! road at ! bottom40 8,?ank y v mu*10 &1 m5tally1 8,:at a f9e set ( fell[s ! ,city policem5 are6 ,i wond] if !y are all m>ri$2 :]e d !y live1 & :at are _! wages80 ,/raight d[n ! n>r[ lane %e w5t1 & at ! ,cannon ,/reet end ask$ ano!r policeman ! way to ! ,und]gr\nd4 ,he po9t$ to ! opposite side ( ! road1 &1 /opp+ ! traffic1 convey$ h] across1 & %e f\nd h]self 9 ! ,mansion ,h\se ,/ation ( ! ,di/rict ,railway4 ,!re 7 no (ficials to be se51 only ! book+-cl]ks1 "o ( :om1 ) ! pr(essional in/9ct = turn+ an hone/ p5ny = 8 employ]s1 in/ead ( advis+ h] to return to ! ,bank close by1 up ,victoria ,/reet1 promptly recomm5d$ h] to book by ! ,di/rict ,railway to ,bi%opsgate ,/reet1 get across ,f9sbury ,circus to ,moorgate ,/reet1 & !n take ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,tube ,railway to ! 8,angel40 ,by ?is "t ,mrs4 ,rosamond _h become too tir$ to discuss ! matt]1 & 0 dis9cl9$ to g back by ! way %e _h come4 ,s %e got into a fir/-class c>riage ( a ,circle tra91 &1 ) a sigh ( relief1 settl$ d[n snugly into ! f> corn]4 ,:e!r x 0 ! reaction1 or ! effect ( ! glass ( /\t1 0 nev] kn[n1 b aft] pass+ ,cannon ,/reet ,mrs4 ,rosamond began to feel dr[sy & dreamy1 imag9+ %e 0 ne>+ home 9 ! local tra91 & wond]+ if h] husb& _h receiv$ h] telegram1 & w\ld come to meet h]4 ,%e fell asleep1 & a lovely picture %e made1 ) lips slightly p>t$1 & h] long1 curv$ eyela%es re/+1 l a *ild's1 on h] s(t *eeks4 ,!re 0 reveal$ j a few in*es ( well-fitt+ black silk clock$ /ock+s1 neatly-turn$ ankles1 & a *>m+ pair ( v small d>k tan %oes4 ,"t sp$ on1 &1 ) x1 ! ,circle tra91 pa/ ,bi%opsgate1 ,f>r+don ,/reet1 & ,k+'s ,cross1 ) its maze ( metropolitan und]gr\nd l9es2 ?r\gh dismal tunnels1 black ) smoke2 ?r\gh brick-l9$ cutt+s1 f\l ) sooty deposit2 pa/ /ations1 ea* "o hung1 by way ( adornm5t1 ) ! same monoton\s1 highly-col\r$ 8works ( art10 draw+ att5tion to ,colman's ,mu/>d1 ,reckitt's ,blue1 ,ne/le's ,milk1 ,bovril1 ,oxo1 ,lemco1 ,globe ,poli%1 ,ogd5's ,cig>ettes1 ,bird's ,cu/>ds1 & ,/eph5's ,inks1 & provid$ ) p5ny-9-!-slot ma*9es1 ) book/alls be>+ a /rong family lik5ess1 & ) "h & !re a refre%m5t b>1 :]e buns & s&wi*es ( ! ,mugby ,junction type might be _h4 ,at ,high ,/reet1 ,k5s+ton1 :]e ! eng9e 0 *ang$1 ! gu>d look$ 91 admir$ ! sleep+ beauty1 & discreetly )drew 9 sil5ce4 ,9 ! middle ( ! tunnel betwe5 ,sloane ,squ>e & ,victoria1 ! tra9 pull$ up ) a j]k1 ! signal hav+ be5 sudd5ly put aga9/ x4 ,mrs4 ,rosamond woke1 & look+ at h] wat*1 f\nd t %e mu/ h be5 slumb]+ ne>ly an h\r1 & a fell[-pass5g] told h] t by ! "t ! tra9 rea*$ ! ,mansion ,h\se ,/ation %e w\ld h completely trav]s$ ! circle ( ! ,und]gr\nd6 8,well1 ,i w see ?is matt] ?r\gh10 %e said to h]self1 8& ,i w n g aga9 into t horrid ,bank ,subway4 ,aft] all1 ,i %all soon be at ,bi%opsgate ,/reet40 ,s %e w5t on4 ,h[1 on h] arrival !re1 %e escap$ hav+ to pay ! full f>e1 no "o kn[s4 ,%e kept h] own c\nsel2 b ! ticket collector & ! gu>d probably ?\ght %e 0 too nice to be worri$ ) int]rogations4 ,h] brief impressions ( ! ,und]gr\nd 7 t only 9 a few respects 0 ! ,tube an improvem5t ^u x4 ,! ,inn] ,circle ,tra9s1 %e ?\ght1 ran m smoo?ly2 !re 0 less rock+ ( ! c>riages1 & less rattl+ noise2 b !y 7 badly light$2 ! bang+ ( doors 0 awful2 ! atmosph]e sulphur\s & /ifl+2 & c>riages1 /ations1 /aircases1 & tunnels look$ z if !y _h n be5 clean$ = mon?s4 ,worse ?an all 0 ! mode ( pull+ up ! tra9 ) a j]k1 :i*1 at ea* /opp+-place1 almo/ inv>iably ?rew ! alight+ pass5g]s into _! fell[-travell]s' laps4 ,resolv$ n[ to ask h] way at e /ep1 %e contriv$1 by m9utely foll[+ directions1 to f9d & to cross ,f9sbury ,circus1 :5ce %e 0 quickly 9 ,moorgate ,/reet1 & at once discov]$ ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,railway ,/ation4 ,cont9u+ to seek in=mation = ! ,isl+ton lift1 ! ,isl+ton plat=m1 & ! ,isl+ton tra91 %e w\ld n budge an in* until %e _h be5 ?or\ghly po/$ up4 ,once m 9 a ,tube c>1 & by way ( ,old ,/reet1 & ! ,city ,road1 %e at la/ arriv$ at ! 8,angel10 & felt z if %e _h inde$ rea*$ ! gates ( heav56 ,miln] ,/reet 0 close by1 & %e 0 soon at h] aunt's h\se1 b1 alas6 n to breakfa/1 = x 0 ne>+ twelve o'clock4 ,t relation1 an impati5t woman1 tir$ ( wait+1 _h gone out = ! day1 & _h left no message6 ,?is 0 too mu* = ! little woman1 x 0 ! la/ /raw1 & fl++ h]self on ! s(a1 %e ?\ght sympa!tically ( h[ 9 ! pa/ 8,a nor?-c\ntry maid up to ,london _h /ray$1 ,al?\gh ) h] nature x did n agree2 ,%e wept & %e sigh$1 & %e bitt]ly cri$1 ,i wi% once aga9 9 ! nor? ,i c\ld be40 ,quickly %e return$ to ,%eph]d's ,bu%1 vi ! ,bank & ! ,twop5ny ,tube1 9 ! latt] f9d+ a totally diff]5t class ( p f ^? %e _h travell$ ) 9 ! morn+1 & pl5ty ( room = ev]ybody4 ,%e w5t back home ! next day1 sacrific+ h] seat = ! ,coronation procession2 & %e regi/]$ a v[ t if ev] %e came to ,london aga9 %e w\ld /udy closely ! r\te = any propos$ exp$ition z c>efully z if %e 7 on an 8unaccompani$0 ,cont95tal t\r4 ,%e kept h] v[2 &1 ,i believe1 ev5tually1 h] 8bump ( locality0 became consid]ably develop$4 ,! moral ( ?is practically true sket* is1 t 9 view ( ! complicat$ sy/em ( metropolitan ,tubes & ,und]gr\nds1 no "o )\t an exp]i5c$ escort1 unless end[$ ) a tal5t = locality1 c hope to get ab\t ,london )\t tr\ble & difficulty4 ,9 fact1 a ,metropolitan ,brad%aw1 or ,metropolitan ,guide to ,und]gr\nd ,london is urg5tly ne$$4 ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,london',s ,,tangl$ ,,tubes 8,tangl$ 9 ! fold ( dire necessity40--,,milton4 ,,! ,,tangle ,to inflict ^u ! read]s ( ?is book a map ( exi/+ & project$ railways 9 ,london w\ld be cruel2 & = !m to try to ma/] x w\ld be torture wor?y ( ! ,inquisition1 ) loss ( reason z ! inevitable result4 ,r\ghly speak+1 ! l9es above & bel[ gr\nd /ream inw>ds f ! outskirts1 aft] ! fa%ion ( ! tramways2 ) ?is m>k$ diff]5ce t !re is a direct communication f ea/ to we/ by ! ,c5tral ,railway1 & an ,inn] ,circle r\te engirdl+ ! middle portion ( ,great] ,london4 ,z ) ! tramways1 ! r\tes ( ne>ly all ^! l9es appe> to h be5 adopt$ happy-g-luckily4 8,"h are ,highgate1 ,wal?am/[1 ,beck5ham1 ,kew1 ,h5don10 say ! promot]s2 8:at we h to d is to make a railway f ^! suburbs1 &1 someh[ or o!r1 get z ne> ! metropolitan c5tres z possible1 & dump d[n our pass5g]s4 ,! problem ( int]communication is n our bus9ess4 ,we leave t to o!rs40 ,s ! l9es ( ! v>i\s companies me&] away1 (t5 by ! mo/ indirect r\tes1 & f9ally arrive m or less ne> _! objective de/9ations1 ,*>+ ,cross1 or ! ,bank ( ,engl&4 ,if ,napoleon ! ,great ) prophetic glance c\ld h =ese5 ,london l9k$ to di/ant villages 9 e direction1 ^! hamlets gr[+ into t[ns1 & z population increas$1 be+ irresi/ibly drawn into ,great] ,london's mael/rom ( brick & mort>1 ev5 he w\ld h be5 appall$ by ! problem ( h[ to give ready means ( access f "o "p to ! o!r4 ,anticipat+ railways & electric tubes1 he w\ld probably1 ) ! m>vell\s f]tility ( res\rce t di/+ui%$ him1 h =mulat$ a plan :]eby a giv5 circul> space 9 ! metropolis w\ld be divid$ into sections1 a mile squ>e1 ) a /ation 9 ! c5tre & at ea* corn]1 s t all )9 t area w\ld h access to a railway1 at no po9t m ?an half a mile di/ant1 ! tube railways bel[ ! surface1 & o!rs above1 conv]g+ at a great c5tral dept4 ,on rea*+ ! limit ( ! circle1 ! l9es 7t w\ld necess>ily cross "u & ov] "o ano!r7 w\ld1 by means ( loops1 return & keep up a cont9u$ circulation ( traffic f rim to rim ( ! circle1 :i*1 z ! city grew bigg] & bigg]1 c\ld be enl>g$1 & ! l9es ext5d$1 ! process cont9u+ ad inf9itum4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 w\ld h be5 an impossibility2 ! *>act]i/ic ,briti% love ( half measures & ( temporis+ be+ oppos$ to any really compreh5sive & imp]ial s*eme1 & local jeal\sy w\ld n h tol]at$ ! necess>ily ma/]ful1 ?\gh wise1 dom9ation ( a ,"o ,man ,p[] 9 c>ry+ out ! plan4 ,!re=e ! great railways & ! suburban railways 7 all[$ to d pretty mu* z !y lik$1 z se5 9 ! entire abs5ce ( sy/em 9 approa*+ ,london1 & 9 deal+ ) its va/ traffic4 ,to meet ! difficulty a c5tral /ation has (t5 be5 moot$1 & mu* good w\ld ensue !refrom if x accommodat$ all ! l9es4 ,rec5tly1 9 connection ) ! ,great ,we/]n ,railway1 ! idea has be5 reviv$1 & ! site ( ,*ri/'s ,hospital sugge/$4 ,9 fact1 x is an op5 secret t ov]ture ^u ov]ture has be5 made on ! subject1 b ! enorm\s price dem&$ by ! old s*ool au?orities has always be5 ! bugbe>4 ,! feasibility ( an ,inn] ,circle ,tube1 h[ev]1 l9k+ toge!r all ! l9es1 ) ramifications to s]ve ! suburbs1 work$ jo9tly "u a pool+ arrangem5t by ! v>i\s companies1 has comm5d$ itself to c]ta9 exp]ts4 ,x is true t f\r ( ! great trunk l9es are already connect$ by subways ) ! ,inn] ,circle ,railway--! ,great ,ea/]n at ,liv]pool ,/reet2 ! ,great ,we/]n at ,pra$ ,/reet2 ! ,london1 ,brighton1 & ,s\? ,coa/ at ,victoria2 & ! ,s\? ,ea/]n & ,*a?am at ,cannon ,/reet1 ,blackfri>s1 & ,victoria4 ,! ,brighton ,company has already a subway connection betwe5 ,london ,bridge & ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,tube ,/ation !re1 & ! ,mansion ,h\se subway w by-&-by be simil>ly connect$ ) ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,bank ,/ation4 ,also !re are ! purely suburban l9es to be consid]$1 su* z ! ,s\? ,london ,railway1 work$ by ! ,brighton ,company2 ! ,metropolitan ,ext5sion1 a "p ( ! ,*a?am ,company's local sy/em2 ! ,we/ ,london ,railway1 :i* gives a nor?-to-s\? connection at ,*elsea = sev]al companies2 ! ,hamm]smi? & ,city ,railway2 ! ,hamp/ead ,junction ,railway 7f ,willesd5 to ,tott5ham72 & ! local s]vices ( ! ,london & ,nor? ,we/]n2 ! ,great ,nor!rn ,railway 7already committ$ to a tube72 & ! ,midl& ,railway1 :i*1 ) ! ,great ,nor!rn1 has access to ! s\? ( ,london1 vi ,ludgate ,hill4 ,b ! matt] n[ engag+ public att5tion is n ,subways1 b ,tubes--h[ to dis5tangle ! diff]5t s*emes1 & evolve ord] out ( *aos4 ,! ,tubes op5 = traffic are ! ,wat]loo & ,city ,railway2 ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,railway2 ,clapham ,common to ! 8,angel10 ,isl+ton2 & ! ,c5tral ,london f ! ,bank to ,%eph]d's ,bu%4 ,:ile ^? 9 progress m or less advanc$1 are ! ,great ,nor!rn & ,city ,railway2 ! ,brompton & ,piccadilly ,circus ,railway2 ! ,bank to ,f9sbury ,p>k2 ! ,bak] ,/reet & ,wat]loo ,railway2 ,padd+ton to ,wat]loo1 & !nce vi ,/4 ,george's ,circus1 ,s\?w>k1 to ! ,elephant & ,ca/le4 ,all la/ session memb]s ( ! ,h\se ( ,commons 71 s to speak1 ov]:elm$ ) ,tubes4 ,tubes to ! "r ( !m1 ,tubes to ! left ( !m1 ,tubes 9 front ( !m1 ,volley'd & ?und]$6 ,b ! ,select ,committees f>$ worse1 ! task be=e !m be+ ev5 m ardu\s4 ,!re 7 promot]s :o s\ght = p[]s to con/ruct ,tubes to cross & recross propos$ & exi/+ l9es1 & ev5 to bore p>allel ) o!rs1 :ile "s want$ to create isolat$ & disconnect$ sections1 lead+ app>5tly n[h]e4 ,petitions & prote/s aga9/ ! v>i\s s*emes p\r$ 9 f innum]able s\rces2 f e qu>t] petitions 9 fav\r 7 also laid d[n at _! feet4 ,truly1 ! memb]s ( ! ,committees f\nd t ( mak+ _m ,tubes 7z ( books7 !re 0 no end1 & t mu* railway promot+ 0 a we>9ess ( ! fle%4 ,long & l\d wag$ ! conflict ( ! v>i\s aspirants to bore ?r\gh ! f\ndations ( ,london4 ,! small] promot]s' att5tion f9ally became fix$ ^u ! f9ancial & legislative duel ( two magnates1 ea* repres5t+ a simil> & important s*eme = jo9+ toge!r ! exi/+ unl9k$ metropolitan tube l9es4 ,x 0 z if ?r\gh "s n>r[ gorge lead+ to desirable pa/urage1 ! small] d5iz5s ( wood & =e/ tumultu\sly endeav\r$ to =ce a passage1 & fall+ out by ! way1 _! /rife 0 sudd5ly arre/$ to wat* ! s+le combat ( two rival antl]$ mon>*s ( ! gl51 :o f\ght to ! dea? to obta9 ! sole "r ( way4 ,out ( ! ,p>liam5t>y hurly-burly em]g$ triumphant ! well-kn[n ,y]kes gr\p ) its compreh5sive s*eme 7! fir/ 9 ! li/ giv5 bel[7 ! only v important "o sanction$4 ,?us clos$ ! session ( #aijb1 & 9 ! ,railway ,committee ,rooms1 = a "t at lea/1 ! 8,fi]y fight is he>d no m1 ,& ! /orm has ceas$ to bl[40 ,! foll[+ ,tube ,railways 7 au?oris$3--,brompton & ,piccadilly ,circus ,railway 7,acts #ahig1 #ahii1 #aijb71 t ( #aijb au?oris+ int] alia its amalgamation ) ! ,great ,nor!rn & ,/r&4 ,! ,*>+ ,cross1 ,eu/on1 & ,hamp/ead ,railway to be cont9u$ to ,edgw>e by a previ\sly au?oris$ l9e 7,acts #ahic to #aijj & #aijb74 ,! ,city & ,brixton ,railway1 to cross ! ,?ames indep5d5tly ( ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,tube1 & to h /ations at ,/4 ,george's ,circus1 ,s\?w>k1 & at ,k5n+ton ,oval 7,act #ahig71 ) a new ,city /ation communicat+ ) ! ,s\? ,london ,railway 7electric74 ,! ,great ,nor!rn & ,city ,railway1 ,f9sbury ,p>k to ! ,bank4 ,! ,metropolitan ,di/rict ,railway 7,act #ahig71 a ,deep-level ,electric to "w ) ! ,brompton & ,piccadilly ,tube4 ,! ,nor? ,we/ ,london ,railway 7,act #ahii7 f ! ,m>ble ,ar* to ,cricklewood4 ,,! ,,royal ,,commission ,= "s "t pa/ x _h be5 made cle> t no ,select ,committee ( ! ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t1 h[ev] effici5t1 c\ld be expect$ to cope ) ! problem ( metropolitan comb9$ tubes1 tramways & vehicul> /reet traffic2 & 9 view ( ! probability ( o!r ,tube ,bills be+ promot$ dur+ ! session ( #aijc1 x 0 /rongly urg$ ^u ! ,gov]nm5t to cons5t to a ,royal ,commission on ! matt]4 ,s1 be=e ! meet+ ( ?is ye>'s ,p>liam5t1 a ,royal ,commission 0 appo9t$ ) a mo/ compreh5sive programme ( ardu\s "w4 ,g5]al satisfaction seems to h be5 express$ ) ! composition ( ! ,commission4 ,no bett] *airman c\ld h be5 f\nd ?an ,sir ,david ,m4 ,b>b\r1 ^: acqua9tance ) (ficial inquiries is probably great] ?an t ( anyone else 9 ,great ,brita91 he hav+ be5 associat$ ) sev]al ,royal ,commissions4 ,special k be>+ on ! peculi> problems to be solv$1 *>act]ises mo/ ( ! memb]s4 ,sir ,john ,wolfe ,b>ry is p]haps ! be/-kn[n consult+ railway eng9e] 9 ! c\ntry1 hav+ act$ 9 ?is capacity to _m ( ! lead+ railway companies1 &1 9 #aija1 hav+ tak5 "p 9 ! inquiry respect+ vibration on tube railways4 ,sir ,george ,tr\t ,b>tley has repres5t$ ,nor? ,isl+ton 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons = ne>ly eighte5 ye>s1 & f lifelong resid5ce 9 ,london has a wide k ( its ne$s4 ,e>l ,cawdor has be5 ,*airman ( ! ,great ,we/]n ,railway = ! la/ eight ye>s4 ,visc\nt ,cobham has be5 a ,railway ,commission] s9ce #ahia1 & prior to t1 0 tempor>ily ,deputy-,*airman ( ! ,great ,we/]n ,railway4 ,sir ,joseph ,dimsdale1 be+ a bank]1 has _h wide exp]i5ce z a f9anci]4 ,ex-,"l ,mayor1 & ,city ,*amb]la91 he repres5ts 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons ! ,city ( ,london1 :i* is vitally conc]n$ 9 ! "q ( effici5t transit4 ,mr4 ,g4 ,s4 ,gibb1 ! ,g5]al ,manag] ( ! ,nor? ,ea/]n ,railway = ! pa/ twelve ye>s1 is a railway exp]t ( great exp]i5ce4 ,z ,p]man5t ,secret>y ( ! ,bo>d ( ,trade1 ,sir ,francis ,j4 ,s4 ,hopwood has a specially tra9$ m9d1 & an intimate acqua9tance ) railway matt]s1 hav+ be5 =m]ly ,secret>y ( ! ,railway ,dep>tm5t4 ,mr4 ,c4 ,s4 ,murdo*1 ,c4,b41 has be5 = _m ye>s 9 ! ,gov]nm5t s]vice1 & has act$1 s9ce #ahif1 z ,assi/ant ,"u-,secret>y ( ! ,home ,dep>tm5t4 ,sir ,john ,p4 ,dickson-,poynd] is a memb] = ! ,*ipp5ham ,division ( ,wilt%ire1 & repres5ts ,/4 ,george's1 ,hanov] ,squ>e1 at ! ,c\nty ,c\ncil4 ,sir ,rob]t ,t4 ,reid1 ,k4,c41 memb] = ,dumfries s9ce #ahhf1 0 ,attorney-,g5]al 9 ! la/ ,lib]al ,gov]nm5t1 & may be reg>d$ z ! (ficial repres5tative ( ! ,opposition on ! ,commission4 ,"l ,ribblesdale1 a memb] ( ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil1 0 ,*airman ( ! ,jo9t ,committee ( ! ,lords & ,commons on ,tube ,railways 9 #aija4 ,soon aft] ! appo9tm5t ( ! ,commission x 0 sugge/$ t ! lab\r w\ld be consid]ably light5$ if ! subject ( p$e/rian & vehicul> traffic includ$ 9 _! programme 7 elim9at$ or1 at any rate1 indef9itely po/pon$1 & att5tion conc5trat$ ^u ,tubes & ,railways1 mak+--z !y h ! p[] to d--an int]im report2 & ?us av]t disa/r\s delay 9 ! realisation ( ! ,tube ,s*emes be=e ! ,p>liam5t ( #aijc4 ,e>ly 9 ! session a some:at significant ann\ncem5t 0 made 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 9 ref]5ce to ^! s*emes2 only two ( :i* 7 v important1 viz41 ! ,c5tral ,london's proposal to complete ! circle2 & ! ,nor?-,ea/ ,london ,railway s*eme1 :i* 7if pass$7 w embrace tw5ty-two miles--n9e be+ 9 tubes--tapp+ ! traffic betwe5 ! ,city & ,leyton & ,wal?am/[1 ^: comb9$ population is ov] two hundr$ ?\s& p4 ,! foll[+ is ! /atem5t made on ! #bnd ( ,m>* by ,mr4 ,jeffreys1 z ,deputy-,*airman ( ,committees1 :o said he _h _h ! advantage ( a conf]5ce ) ! ,*airman ( ,committees 9 ! ,h\se ( ,lords & ! ,presid5t ( ! ,bo>d ( ,trade1 & !y _h come to ! conclusion t c]ta9 ( ! bills connect$ ) ,london traffic ought to be po/pon$ until ! result ( ! ,commission deal+ ) ?is matt] _h be5 report$4 ,! deep-level railways :i* !y ?\ght ought to await ! completion ( ?is inquiry 7 ! ,c5tral ,london ,railway2 ,great ,nor!rn1 ,piccadilly1 & ,brompton 7,new ,l9es & ,ext5sions7 ,bill2 ,nor?-,we/ ,london 7,m>ble ,ar* to ,victoria7 ,railway ,bill2 ,clapham ,junction to ,m>ble ,ar* ,railway 7,nos4 #a & #b7 ,bill2 ,metropolitan ,di/rict ,railway ,works ,bill4 ,!re 7 c]ta9 o!r ,bills :i* !y ?\ght might g to ,committees1 viz43 ,*>+ ,cross1 ,eu/on1 & ,hamp/ead ,railway ,bill2 ,great ,nor!rn1 ,piccadilly1 & ,brompton ,railway 7,v>i\s ,p[]s7 ,bill2 ,bak] ,/reet & ,wat]loo ,railway ,transf] ,bill2 & ! ,city & ,nor?-,ea/ ,suburban ,electric ,railway ,bill4 ,!re 71 besides1 c]ta9 o!r railway measures :i* 7 d\btful1 & ^!1 !y ?\ght1 ought to be held ov] until ! ,*airman ( ,committees ( ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,bo>d ( ,trade1 & himself _h consid]$ !m4 ,^! ,bills 7 ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,railway 7,angel & ,isl+ton7 ,bill1 & ! ,metropolitan ,di/rict ,railway 7,v>i\s ,p[]s ,bill74 ,b ! ,royal ,commission is1 aft] all1 only a tempor>y exp$i5t2 & ! "q rema9s1 z to :at %all be ! ,gov]n+ ,p[] ( ,london's railway traffic2 = x mu/ be tak5 = grant$ t bo? ! ,city ,corporation & ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil frankly admit t ! und]gr\nd locomotion ( ! metropolis has become s complicat$ t ! g5]al sup]vision ( "s great public dep>tm5t is necess>y4 ,is x to be ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil1 ! ,bo>d ( ,trade1 "s new body resembl+ ! ,light ,railways ,commission1 or a jo9t committee ( memb]s ( bo? ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t1 appo9t$ ea* session1 to consid] all que/ions affect+ locomotion 9 or ne> ,london8 ,"h we are rem9d$ t ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil has be5 consid]+ :e!r or n to apply = p>liam5t>y p[]s to take ov] ! burd5 ( l9k+ toge!r ! v>i\s di/ricts ( ,london by a s]ies ( tubes4 ,a colossal und]tak+1 involv+1 x is said1 a capital ( fifty millions6 ,:e!r x be advisable = ! ,c\ncil1 9 addition to its o!r heavy responsibilities1 to ext5d its municipal trad+ on s va/ a scale1 is d\btful2 = x has ! ratepay]s to consid]4 ,if x be ! fact t m]cantile ent]prise _c grapple ) ! task1 !n !re w\ld be good & suffici5t reason = ! ,c\ncil or ! ,gov]nm5t to attempt x4 ,b private capital is g5]ally obta9able = a really promis+ s*eme4 ,besides1 su* gigantic und]tak+s obvi\sly require m5 ( good bus9ess capacity & consid]able railway exp]i5ce to devote _! "t exclusively to ! "w4 ,"o w\ld ?9k t c\nty c\ncillors 7z su*71 effici5t z !y may be1 h already z mu* "w z !y c readily get ?r\gh1 f "o week's end to ano!r4 ,,*apt] ,x ,,london',s ,,late/ ,,& ,,longe/ ,,tube 8,gre5 pa/ures & ,piccadilly40--,w4 ,,black4 ,sanction$ by ! ,legislature z "o ( ! mo/ compreh5sive s*emes laid be=e x la/ ye> = l9k+ toge!r exi/+ und]gr\nd1 z well z trunk1 l9es1 ! ,great ,nor!rn1 ,piccadilly1 & ,brompton ,railway1 n[ "u con/ruction1 has attract$ su* univ]sal att5tion1 & trav]ses su* hi!rto exclusive qu>t]s1 t x des]ves m ?an a pass+ ref]5ce4 ,f a travell]'s po9t ( view1 ! effect ( ?is new railway w be f>-rea*+4 ,dwell]s ne> ,di/rict ,railway t]m9i1 su* z ,wimbl$on1 ,new ,cross1 ,b[ ,road1 ,s\? ,h>r[1 ,h\nsl[ ,b>racks1 ,ri*mond1 & int]m$iate /ations1 w h1 by means ( ex*ange--at ,e>l's ,c\rt ,/ation ) ! ,metropolitan ,di/rict ,railway2 at ,gl\ce/] ,road & ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,/ation ) ! ,metropolitan & ,metropolitan ,di/rict ,railway2 at ,piccadilly ,circus ,/ation ) ! ,bak] ,/reet & ,wat]loo ,railway2 at ,cranb\rn ,/reet ,/ation ) ! ,*>+ ,cross1 ,eu/on1 & ,hamp/ead ,railway2 & at ,k+'s ,cross & ,f9sbury ,p>k ,/ations ) ! ,great ,nor!rn ,railway--ready access to practically all c5tres & qu>t]s ( our big city2 its own imm$iate objective f ,e>l's ,c\rt be+ ,f9sbury ,p>k1 a di/ance ( #g miles4 ,x is simil> 9 con/ruction to ! ,c5tral4 ,! c>s1 built at ,l\ghbor\gh1 w resemble ^? ( ! new ,inn] ,circle1 & ! driv+ =ce w come f ! ,p[] ,h\se at ,*elsea4 ,truly1 "u pleasant sc5es w ! new ,tube be c>ri$--z fa%ionable1 romantic1 & hi/orical a r\te z any 9 ,london4 ,"h is ,e>l's ,c\rt1 :]e1 9 ! mid/ ( m>ket g>d5s f> away f t[n1 once /ood ,john ,hunt]'s h\se1 :]e ! great anatomi/ kept a m5ag]ie ( wild bea/s to exp]im5t ^u1 & 9 ! dead ( night boil$ d[n ! body ( ,o',bri51 ! ,iri% giant1 to obta9 ! skeleton1 :i* n[ adorns ! museum ( ! ,college ( ,surgeons4 ,! well-kn[n ,edmund ,tatt]sall liv$ close by = _m ye>s at ,coleh]ne ,c\rt1 on ! site ( "o ( ei!r ,fairfax's or ,"l ,essex's r$\bts 7!y appe> to h _h a good _m71 ?r[n up aft] ! battle ( ,br5t=d1 :5 ! victori\s ,royali/s 7 expect$ to cross ! riv] 7:i* !y nev] did7 & besiege ,london4 ,gl\ce/] ,road1 ! next /ation1 recalls ! fact t :5 ! ,di/rict ,railway came !re1 x 0 /ill a m]e lane ) haw?orn h$ges1 a blacksmi?'s =ge some:]e ne>1 :ile pleasant pa?s "r & left l$ to or*>ds1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* 0 ,/4 ,jude's ,*ur*1 s fam\s lat] on = its fa%ionable congregation & its eloqu5t prea*]1 ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,=re/1 n[ ,dean ( ,worce/]4 ,f ,gl\ce/] ,road ! ,tube runs "u pleasant ,/anhope ,g>d5s & "p ( ,h>r+ton ,road ) its f9e mansions1 to ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,! gr\nd ab\t ! ,hoop & ,toy ,tav]n close by 01 s tradition says1 designat$ 9 ! draft ,p>liam5t>y ,bill = ! ,great ,we/]n ,railway t]m9us4 ,at t "t ! site 0 suffici5tly c\ntrifi$ to satisfy ^? :o w\ld bani% railway /ations to ,j]i*o or to ! utt]mo/ v]ge ( ,london1 & rema9$ s = a long "t2 & ,i h be5 told by an old ,bromptonian t he has se5 a covey ( p>tridges put up :]e ! ,natural ,hi/ory ,museum n[ /&s4 ,at ?is po9t ! new ,tube--leav+ its c\rse p>allel )1 b at a f> deep] level ?an1 ! ,di/rict ,railway--proce$s unaccompani$ to ,piccadilly1 &1 s to say1 ent]s ! ,brompton ,road at ! ,oratory ( ,/4 ,philip ,n]i1 =m]ly a v pla9 brick edifice erect$ by ! ,oratorian ,fa!rs1 :o _h begun _! good "w on a humble scale 9 ,k+ ,william ,/reet1 ,*>+ ,cross1 9 a build+ subsequ5tly occupi$ by ,wood91 ! v5triloqui/1 & lat] on by ,toole1 z 8 own peculi> !atre4 ,! pres5t conspicu\s basilica is at la/ complet$1 all b ! t[]s4 ,adjo9+ x1 d[n an av5ue ( trees1 recall+ ! approa* to ,%akespe>e's la/ re/+-place1 is ,holy ,tr9ity ,*ur*1 ,brompton1 rem9isc5t ( ,dr4 ,irons1 its vic>1 :o ultimately became ,rector ( ,/4 ,m>y ,woolno?1 b5ea? :i* is ! ,city /ation ( ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,electric ,railway4 ,brompton ,squ>e is close by1 associat$ by _m ( u ) a once popul> song1 8,ada ) ! gold5 hair10 compos$ & sung by ,g4 ,w4 ,moore1 ( ! ,*ri/y ,m9/rels4 ,9 ?is ,squ>e h dwelt _m actors & actresses3 ,wigan1 ,buck/one1 ,rob]t ,keeley1 etc42 & also ,%irley ,brooks4 ,at "o corn] us$ to be a h\se /&+ a little back f ! road1 occupi$ by an ecc5tric individual ^: craze 0 to h sev]al clocks 9 e room1 & ! task ( keep+ !m 9 ord] enc\rag$ a wat*-&-clock-mak] to settle d[n 9 a small %op next door4 ,ano!r feature ( 8 craze 0 to pres5t a wat* ( "s k9d to e lady he knew2 s t 8 neighb\r mu/ h done a fair bus9ess4 ,a bank n[ occupies ?is site1 & ! au?or recollects wat*+ ! /rong-room be+ built deep d[n 9 ! gravelly soil peculi> to ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,next door w be locat$ ! unpret5ti\s ,brompton ,/ation ( ! new railway4 ,an (ficial ( ! bank 0 he>d to rem>k faceti\sly t he tru/$ ! ,tube w\ld n bore into ! /rong-room a=esaid--a new possibility & grievance to be duly not$4 ,directly und]nea? ,brompton ,road goes ,london's late/ ,tube1 pass+ 8,h>rod's10 ! mo/ palatial ,g5]al ,/ore 9 ! metropolis1 if n 9 ! _w4 ,x orig9at$ "s ye>s ago 9 a n>r[ little %op1 :]e good tea1 excell5t butt]1 &1 rum\r says1 jam made by ,mr4 ,h>rod's "m1 7 ! *ief articles sold to ! cu/om]s1 ! bulk ( :om 7 ( ! work+-class4 ,n[ ,knightsbridge is rea*$1 9 old5 times call$ ,k+sbridge1 :5 x 0 repres5t$ by a bridge only 7on ! site ( ! mod]n ,alb]t ,gate71 built by ,edw>d ! ,confessor ov] a brook1 or b\rn1 ris+1 l ! ,tyb\rn & ! ,oldb\rn1 9 ! ,hamp/ead ,hills1 & fl[+ !nce to ! ,?ames4 ,no "p ( ,london has s completely *ang$ 9 appe>ance z ?is2 l(ty mod]n build+s hav+ tak5 ! place ( small old-fa%ion$ h\ses4 ,^! improvem5ts culm9ate at ,sloane ,/reet1 :]e anyone approa*+ t[n by way ( ,k5s+ton1 meets ! fir/ ( ! num]\s metropolitan 8rond-po9ts10 surr\nd$ by mansions & %ops s tall z to put into ! %ade ! ,fr5* ,embassy & ! h\ses at ,alb]t ,gate1 :i* = _m ye>s 7 consid]$ ! highe/ 9 t[n4 ,at ! eque/rian /atue ( ,field-,m>%al ,"l ,/ra?nairn1 f\r ?or\ghf>es conv]ge--,k5s+ton ,road1 ,brompton ,road1 ,sloane ,/reet1 & ,/4 ,george's ,place--p\r+ ar\nd x a cont9ual /ream ( traffic day & night4 ,?ree ( ^! ?or\ghf>es are p]fect p>adises to ladies :o delight 9 su* allur+ %ops z ,h>rod's1 ,h>vey ,ni*ols & ,co41 & ,wooll& ,bro!rs1 ^: prolong$ & magnific5t frontages are unequall$ 9 ,mod]n ,babylon4 ,a few doors f ! 8rond-po9t0 9 ,brompton ,road is a ,tube /ation2 & ! workm51 z !y bore close to ! triangul> grass-cov]$ enclosure 9 front ( ,tatt]sall's1 are probably unaw>e t a comp>atively slight deviation w\ld take !m ?r\gh a pit b5ea? ! enclosure1 :i*1 tradition av]s1 0 us$1 dur+ ! ,great ,plague ( ,london1 = ! dead4 ,x is likely en\gh2 = c5turies ago !re exi/$1 a little to ! ea/ ( ,alb]t ,gate1 a hospital belong+ to ! ,dean & ,*apt] ( ,we/m9/]1 :i* 9 #affe 0 giv5 up = ! use ( infect$ pati5ts2 & z ?is little piece ( gr\nd has nev] be5 di/urb$1 x probably 0 orig9ally ! bury+-place atta*$ to ! hospital1 & 0 conv]t$ into a plague-pit4 ,a h\se close to ,hyde ,p>k ,c\rt 0 once occupi$ by ,*>les ,reade1 ! noveli/4 ,at a h\se close by 7long s9ce pull$ d[n71 ,horace ,smi?1 jo9t-au?or ( ,reject$ ,addresses1 liv$ f #ahaj to #ahah1 & drove himself daily to & f ! ,city--he 0 !n a /ockbrok]--9 a vehicle call$ a 8:isky40 ,a little f>!r on1 :]e ! ,london & ,c\nty ,bank is dw>f$ by ! late ,sir ,h]b]t ,naylor ,leyl&'s great mansion1 us$ to /& ! 8,fox & ,bull10 a qua9t old tav]n dat+ back to ,que5 ,elizabe?'s "t1 & a fav\rite resort ( ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 ,george ,morl&1 & o!r pa9t]s4 ,holy ,tr9ity ,*apel1 ,/4 ,george's ,place1 no long] w$g$ 9 betwe5 two public-h\ses1 replaces an old *ur* :]e ! celebrat$ ,prime ,m9i/]--!n pla9 ,rob]t ,walpole--0 m>ri$ 9 #agjj to a ,"l ,mayor's daught]1 :o became ! "m ( ,sir ,horace ,walpole4 ,9 ,/4 ,george's ,place1 :]e x faces ! ,p>k--surely "o ( ! mo/ desirable ( situations1 ! fir/ intimation t we are approa*+ 8,gre5 pa/ures & ,piccadilly0--is ! ,hyde ,p>k ,corn] ,/ation ( ! new railway1 next door to ,no4 #h1 conspicu\s z ! resid5ce ( ! ,bad5-,p[ell family1 on ! site ( :i* h\se1 9 an old-fa%ion$ t5em5t1 liv$ = _m ye>s ,john ,li/on1 ! com$ian id5tifi$ ) ! "* ( 8,paul ,pry40 ,be+ freehold--a unique feature 9 ! neighb\rhood--?is small plot ( gr\nd has co/ ! ,company de>4 ,x _h to pay #cj1gej = its acquisition4 ,x is h>d to believe t at ?is po9t ,london once t]m9at$1 ,lanesbor\gh ,h\se1 :]e ,/4 ,george's ,hospital /&s1 be+ describ$ 9 ,p5nant's days z a 8c\ntry mansion10 & ?us x rema9$ until little m ?an a c5tury ago4 ,:ile 9 ! "t ( ,*>les ! ,second1 ne> ,hamilton ,place 0 an inn1 be>+ ! sign ( ! 8,h]cules ,pill>s10 signify+ t1 l ! 8,fir/ & ,la/ ,h\se0 at ,l&'s ,end1 no habitation exi/$ beyond x4 ,all sorts & conditions ( p1 mo/ly di/+ui%$1 live1 & h liv$1 along ?is "p ( ! r\te1 :i* has its ,tube /ations at ,d[n ,/reet & ,dov] ,/reet4 ,!re is ,apsley ,h\se1 & next to x ,b>on ,ro?s*ild's mansion4 ,at ,no4 #a ,hamilton ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ad4 ,,! ,,we/]n ,,approa* ,,to ,,piccadilly4 ,place liv$ ! great ,"l ,*ancellor ,eldon4 ,f #aci1 ,piccadilly 7,"l ,gl5esk's7 ,lady ,byron1 aft] "o ( h] qu>rels ) ! poet1 fl$ ) h] infant daught]4 ,at ,nos4 #ach & #aci1 =m]ly "o build+1 ! ,m>quis ( ,que5sbury 7! notori\s 8,old ,q407 us$1 :5 an octog5>ian1 to sit at a c]ta9 w9d[ = h\rs1 & ogle ! pass+ fair sex4 ,gl\ce/] ,h\se adjo9+1 is ! resid5ce ( ! ,duke ( ,cambridge1 occupi$1 :5 x 0 ,elg9 ,h\se1 by ! ,e>l ( ,elg91 :o br\ght ov] to ,engl& ! fam\s m>bles t be> 8 "n4 ,ne>ly opposite ,d[n ,/reet1 on ! p>k side ( ,piccadilly1 /&s a curi\s rem9d] t once ^u a "t1 p>cels & packages ( all k9ds _h to be convey$ all ov] ,london1 n by tra9 or by ,c>t] ,pat]son's spe$y vans1 b on ! %\ld]s ( /alw>t port]s4 ,x is a 8bulk10 replac+ an old timb] "o4 ,a 8bulk10 x may be expla9$1 is a k9d ( %elf support$ by two po/s at a conv5i5t height = ! be>]s ( burd5s to tempor>ily dispose ( !m & re/ a:ile4 ,on ! site ( ,no4 #ajf 7! ,/4 ,james's ,club7 0 =m]ly ! 8,greyh\nd10 a v old inn1 :i*1 ) ! 8,:ite ,horse0 close by1 & ! 8,half ,moon10 a little fur!r on1 0 a fav\rite pull+-up place = ! num]\s c>ri]s1 trant]s1 & m>ket-g>d5]s :o 7 incessantly com+ f ! c\ntry to t[n2 = ,piccadilly 0 "o ( ,london's great highways we/w>d4 ,9 a h\se 7n[ a club7 at ! corn] ( ,:ite ,horse ,/reet1 ,sir ,walt] ,scott sometimes /ay$ :5 9 t[n4 ,cambridge ,h\se 7! ,naval & ,milit>y ,club7 recalls ,"l ,palm]/on & ! notable political receptions ( 8 accompli%$ wife4 ,at ! corn] ( ,cl>ges ,/reet1 :]e liv$ ,edmund ,kean & also ,lady ,hamilton1 is ! ,turf ,club1 & at ,no4 #hd ! ,imp]ial ,s]vice ,club1 ! la/ ( ,piccadilly's l9e ( clubs t1 comm5c+ ) ,! ,ba*elors'1 at ! corn] ( ,hamilton ,place1 =ms a k9d ( approa* to ! real club-l& ( ,/4 ,james's ,/reet & ,pall ,mall4 ,ba? ,h\se1 at ! corn] ( ,bolton ,/reet1 0 ! resid5ce ( ! late millionaire1 ,b>on ,hirs*4 ,no4 #hj1 ,piccadilly1 & ,no4 #a1 ,/ratton ,/reet toge!r =m ! t[n h\se ( ! ,b>oness ,burdett-,c\tts1 & x 0 f ,no4 #hj t h] fa!r1 ,sir ,francis ,burdett1 ,m4,p41 01 9 #ahaj1 amid/ s]i\s riot+1 tak5 to ! ,t[] = hav+ made use ( bad language 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons4 ,f ! ro( c be obta9$ a spl5did view ( ! ,we/m9/] & ,pimlico di/rict1 across ! ,p>k1 rightly call$ 8,gre510 ) its beautiful /ret*es ( turf & graceful trees1 & f> away to ! ,surrey ,hills & ! ,cry/al ,palace4 ,devon%ire ,h\se1 se5 ?r\gh its f9e old iron gates--br\ght "h f ,*iswick--is pla9 en\gh ext]nally1 b its saloons are v h&some1 & "h ! lovely ,georgiana1 ,du*ess ( ,devon%ire1 reign$ z ,que5 ( ,fa%ion long ago4 ,arl+ton ,/reet rem9ds u ( ! ,m>quis ( ,salisbury1 ( ,e>l ,nelson1 :o lodg$ "h1 & ( ,sir ,horace ,walpole & 8 fa!r4 ,9 ,albem>le ,/reet1 ,p]cy ,bys%e ,%elley once _h qu>t]s at ,cooke's ,hotel4 ,! ,tube n[ c>ries its pass5g]s n9ety feet bel[ ! beautiful ,piccadilly %ops1 pa/ ,/4 ,james's ,/reet & ,bond ,/reet1 ! ,burl+ton ,arcade & ,burl+ton ,h\se1 pa/ ! ,egyptian ,hall1 pa/ ,=tnum & ,mason's--s univ]sally associat$ ) hamp]s1 long-neck$ bottles1 & race-meet+s2 pa/ ! ,albany1 :]e liv$ ,byron1 ,lytton1 & ,"l ,macaulay2 pa/ ! ,pr9ce's ,re/aurant1 & its neighb\r1 ,/4 ,james's ,*ur*1 :]e !re are "s spl5did specim5s ( ,gr9l+ ,gibbons' wood-c>v+1 & :]e1 9 #agfb1 occurr$ a s+ul> ?+4 ,9 "s unexpla9$ mann] ! vaults caught fire1 & two hundr$ c(f9s ) _! inmates und]w5t an uncontemplat$ process ( cremation2 pa/ ,/4 ,james's ,hall opposite 7ev5tually to be enl>g$ & conv]t$ to purposes o!r ?an h>mony only74 ,& n[ ,piccadilly ,circus1 :]e six roads meet1 & :]e1 next to ,spi]s & ,pond's ,re/aurant1 is ! ,piccadilly ,circus ,/ation ( ?is1 ! longe/ ,tube4 ,subways %\ld c]ta9ly be arrang$ = access to ?is /ation1 to avoid ! v dang]\s cross+s f ea* ( ! six roads4 ,:y does n ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil1 emulat+ ! ,city ,fa!rs & _! ,mansion ,h\se subt]ranean passages1 und]take ?is b5efic5t "w 9 ! ,we/ ,end8 ,we are n[ 9 ! region ( music-halls1 !atres1 cafs1 d9+-places1 & ,scott's1 ! fam\s %ell-fi% %op4 8,:at is ! orig9 ( ! "n ,piccadilly80 is a "q ask$ aga9 & aga94 ,x is difficult to decide4 ,0 x f ! ruffs call$ 8peckadils0 7f ! ,spani% pica71 ^: /iff5$ po9ts 7 l dim9utive spe>heads1 worn by ! ma%]s or dudes ( ! e>ly ,c>olean p]iod1 :o ga!r$ "h at a gam+-h\se1 ,piccadilly ,hall8 ,or 0 x1 z ,p5nant ?\ght1 f ! 8piccadills0 7cakes7 :i* may h be5 sold 9 ! surr\nd+ fields8 ,:o 9 ! ye> #aijc c decide8 ,"h ,i pause4 ,! re/ ( ! new ,tube's r\te to ,/am=d ,hill is useful b prosaic1 & none ( ! rema9+ t5 /ations1 except ,cranb\rn ,/reet1 ,cov5t ,g>d51 & ,holborn are surr\nd$ ) any rem>kably int]e/+ associations1 ei!r hi/orical or mod]n4 ,f ,s\? ,k5s+ton to ,piccadilly ?is railway is c]ta9ly an ari/ocratic "o4 ,da9tily-clad ladies w1 d\btless1 use x l>gely = %opp+ & pay+ visits4 ,! rank & fa%ion ( ,london w patronise x4 ,c\ntesses1 m>*ionesses1 ev5 du*esses1 may condesc5d to travel by x2 nay1 royalty may ev5 give x a trial6 ,nobody w\ld be surpris$ to see its book+-(fice /hetically design$2 ! (ficials well-groom$ & decor\s z bank cl]ks2 ! lifts luxuri\sly uphol/]$ ) seats = all2 ! c>s-de-luxe 7= :i* an extra *>ge w\ld be made7 beautifully decorat$1 w>m$ 9 w9t] & delightfully cool$ dur+ summ] heats1 ) fre% fl[]s provid$1 & p]fumes spray$ at int]vals to remove ! lea/ trace ( bad smell2 copies ( ! ,c\rt ,guide & ! mo/ fa%ionable magaz9es at ! disposal ( ! pass5g]s2 umbrella & p>asol /&s2 special & com=table qu>t]s = pet dogs2 ! smok+-c>s models ( elegance & com=t2 & ! gu>ds' uni=m sc>let & gold4 ,s]i\sly1 h[ev]1 is !re or is !re n1 8"o little rift )9 ! lute08 ,w ! size ( ! tunnels--#aa feet 9 diamet]--suffice = ma9ta9+ an equable & pure atmosph]e ?r\gh\t ! ye>8 ,d\btless x w2 = special att5tion has be5 giv5 to ?is matt] by ! di/+ui%$ consult+ eng9e]1 & inlets = fre%1 & up-ca/ %afts = f\l air1 toge!r ) fans work$ by ma*9]y1 w be lib]ally provid$4 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,electric ,,tramways ,,g5]ally 8,& ,i h tak5 away y\r horses40--,,amos iv4 #aj4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,tramways ,ne>ly fifty ye>s ago !re arriv$ 9 ?is c\ntry an ent]pris+ citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates be>+ ! "n ( ,george ,francis ,tra91 ) :om w always be associat$ ! fir/ attempt to introduce tramways into ,great ,brita94 ,l _m o!r innovators1 ,tra9 0 ahead ( 8 "t1 & aft] va9ly /ruggl+ aga9/ indiff]5ce1 &1 9 ,london1 aga9/ ! /ronge/ opposition voic$ by ! ,*ief ,commission] ( ,works1 he return$ home a wis] & a sadd] man1 hav+ fail$ to laun* 8 great ent]prise4 ,n unreasonably he compla9$ t 8 sy/em _h n be5 giv5 a fair trial1 & t 8 nationality 0 aga9/ him1 po9t+ out t 9 ,irel& he _h1 on ! contr>y1 receiv$ sympa?y & enc\ragem5t f ! fact t he 0 an ,am]ican4 ,! tru? 01 8 ideas 7 immature1 & 8 tram-l9es utt]ly unsuit$ to ! /reet traffic ( great cities4 ,8 fir/ attempt 0 at ,birk5head1 9 #ahfj2 & ?ree ye>s lat] he laid d[n a l9e1 f\r miles long1 f ,hanley to ,burslem1 9 ,/af=d%ire1 & also a %ort "o at ,d>l+ton4 ,9 ! ye> #ahfa he con/ruct$ a l9e f ! ,m>ble ,ar* along ! ,uxbridge ,road1 & ano!r f ,we/m9/] ,bridge to ,k5n+ton ,p>k4 ,! track 0 balla/$1 n pav$1 & ! macadam v soon 8rutt$0 on ea* side ( ! rail2 b ! wor/ feature 0 t ! tread ( ! rail be+ an in* bel[ ! road surface1 ! :eels ( vehicles 7 s]i\sly injur$ & sometimes wr5*$ clean (f z !y endeav\r$ to leave ! l9es4 ,a trem5d\s agitation ensu$ aga9/ ! tramway sy/em4 ,tra9's rails 7 compulsorily tak5 up1 & 8 ideas 7 dismiss$ z impracticable4 ,yet ! bread _h be5 ca/ ^u ! wat]s1 de/9$ to be f\nd mu* lat] on1 b n by ,george ,francis ,tra94 ,= t5 ye>s aft] ! ,birk5head l9e 0 laid d[n1 tramways rema9$ 9 a v primitive condition1 ! sole aim be+ to obta9 a smoo? track1 & s less5 ! we> & te> caus$ by ! unev5 macadam4 ,! roll+-/ock 0 crude 9 ! extreme1 & ! rails 7 fa/5$ d[n to longitud9al sleep]s1 s t ! spikes inv>iably work$ up1 b ?is defect 0 rem$i$ :5 /eel gird]s came into use4 ,! trams 71 ( c\rse1 drawn by horses1 = until #ahhj no bett] means ( traction appe>s to h be5 ?\ght (4 ,nobody 0 a bit int]e/$ 9 ! tramways1 & c>riage-folk dete/$ !m1 s !y 7 bani%$ to ! outskirts ( ! ,city & 8ov] ! wat]40 ,! ,we/ ,end recognis$ !m n1 except to sign petitions aga9/ _! introduction4 ,! 8poor man's /reet railway10 x affirm$1 mu/ keep its prop] place 9 ! s\?1 ! f> nor?1 & ! f> ea/ ( ,london4 ,x 0 left to private ent]prise to run ! l9es1 & practically f\r companies--! ,nor? ,metropolitan1 ! ,london ,/reet ,tramways1 ! ,s\? ,london ,company1 & ! ,london ,tramways ,company--monopolis$ ! bus9ess1 !re be+ no ent]pris+ ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil to compete )4 ,,v>i\s ,,me?ods ,,( ,,haulage ,= a decade--up to #ahij--;all k9ds ( improv$ me?ods ( haulage 7 tri$3 compress$ air1 coil$ spr+s1 und]gr\nd cables 7a well-kn[n example ( :i* 0 ! ,highgate l9e1 :i* 0 always break+ d[n71 &1 la/ly1 gas traction & /eam traction4 ,to all ^! me?ods !re are s]i\s objections4 ,horse traction is exp5sive1 besides be+ di/ress+ly try+ to ! animals !mselves4 ,x is necess>y to keep up a l>ge /ud = ea* c>1 & ! horses :5 idle are eat+ _! heads (f4 ,_! fulle/ spe$ ) ! heavy c>s is necess>ily l[4 ,/>t+ is a sl[ process1 & at ! be/ ! rate ( progress 7includ+ /oppages7 does n exce$ f\r miles an h\r4 ,compress$ air & coil$ spr+s may bo? be consign$ to pigeon-holes1 labell$ respectively 8d\btful0 & 8impossible10 !re be+ ( ! =m] sc>cely half a doz5 examples 9 ,great ,brita91 ?\gh 9 ,am]ica x is said to h work$ well & on an ext5sive scale4 ,cable traction has _m advantages1 & = a long "t 0 successfully adopt$ 9 ,am]ica1 b is n[ ab&on$4 ,) ! funicul> sy/em1 9 vogue 9 ,ed9burgh1 ,birm+ham1 ,p>is1 & ,melb\rne1 travell]s h long be5 famili>4 ,:]e a l>ge numb] ( c>s are employ$1 x has ! advantage ( *eapness 9 work+1 & ! ma*9]y does n easily get out ( ord]4 ,b ! initial co/ is v heavy1 & x is n suitable = complicat$ l9es1 or = tramways ) sev]al bran*es2 & !re=e ext5sions1 unless /raight1 are almo/ impracticable1 ?\gh x is sup]ior to all o!rs1 save t ( electricity1 = v sev]e gradi5ts4 ,z ! cable moves at a uni=m rate1 a c> c nei!r v>y its spe$ nor rev]se its c\rse4 ,!n !re is a difficulty 9 deal+ ) ! gas & wat]-pipes dur+ con/ruction 7t is1 if !y are ne> ! surface71 & ! conduit =ms a receptacle = /reet refuse1 & becomes insanit>y4 ,b ! *ief defect is t ?ree-f\r?s ( ! total p[] requir$ to haul ! c>s is absorb$ 9 driv+ ! cable4 ,on a small scale1 & ) b little success1 gas traction has be5 rec5tly tri$4 ,!re is a difficulty 9 />t+ ! eng9es1 !re=e !y h to "w cont9u\sly1 :i* causes ! unpleasant noise famili>is$ to u by petrol-driv5 motor-c>s :5 /&+ /ill4 ,!re is a decid$ smell f ! 8exhau/0 ( ! eng9e2 ! vibration is consid]able2 &1 z at pres5t design$1 ! c>s _c m\nt a mod]ately /eep hill4 ,/eam traction has be5 9 use = "s "t1 b has n improv$1 & is n popul>4 ,great we> & te> ( ! track is caus$ by ! weight ( ! locomotive1 & ! public object to ! long int]vals ( s]vice1 consequ5t ^u ! necessity1 = economical reasons1 ( us+ l>ge c>s4 ,/eam involves sulphur\s gases & g5]al dirt9ess1 besides ! appreh5sion1 fanciful or real1 ( an occasional 8bl[ up40 ,,v>i\s ,,me?ods ,,( ,,electric ,,tramway ,,traction ,dismiss+ all ^! sy/ems1 we turn to electricity1 z admitt$ly ! be/ ag5t = tramway traction1 &1 until "s m>vell\s discov]y displaces x z a =ce1 likely to rema9 & to become univ]sally adopt$4 ,blackpool 0 fir/ 9 ! field ) an electric tramway 9 #ahhc4 ,sev]al o!r prov9cial di/ricts foll[$ suit1 includ+ ,bri/ol & ,/ockton-on-,tees4 ,london1 9 #aijj1 welcom$ ! completion ( ,mr4 ,j4 ,clifton ,rob9son's great s*eme = electrify+ t portion ( ! ,london ,unit$ ,tramways runn+ betwe5 ,hamm]smi? & ,kew4 ,! ye> #aijc sees metropolitan & suburban electric trams 9 e direction2 :ile 9 ! prov9ces !y w soon cov] ! face ( ! l&1 s extraord9>ily rapid has be5 _! acceptance4 ,on e h& signs are ev9c$ ( ! direct influ5ce ^u ! g5]al prosp]ity1 com=t1 & pleasure ( all classes ( p by a *eap & rapid electric tramway s]vice4 ,! electric sy/em admits ( an easy ext5sion ( r\tes1 & is ( all sy/ems ! simple/ to "w4 ,! c>s c be readily back$ or div]t$ 9 any direction4 ,!y are roomy1 clean1 well light$ & v5tilat$1 &1 if necess>y1 c be heat$2 ! seats are com=table2 & ! spe$ is d\ble t ( horses1 :ile1 )\t any fuss1 gradi5ts ( #a 9 #h c be tackl$4 ,( its popul>ity none c d\bt1 especially 9 hot wea!r1 :5 exhau/$ t[n-dwell]s sw>m on ! ro( ( ! c>s = a brea? ( fre% air z !y travel m]rily along at ! rate ( twelve miles an h\r4 ,exi/+ tramways c be adapt$ to ?is sy/em ) rapidity1 & all exp]ts be> te/imony to ! fact t electric haulage is comp>atively s *eap1 & ! developm5t ( traffic on its adoption s great1 t horse traction has no *ance aga9/ x4 ,!re are f\r k9ds ( electric-tramway traction :i*1 ?\gh app>5tly r puzzl+1 are readily expla9$4 ,^! are ! ,conduit2 ! ,surface ,contact2 ! ,ov]head 7or trolley72 9 ea* ( :i* ! curr5t is convey$ to ! l9e--z 9 an electric railway--f a p[] h\se2 & ! ,accumulator1 or ,self-conta9$ ,c>1 ! motive p[] be+ obta9$ f /orage batt]ies c>ri$ on ! c> itself1 & ^! supply ! curr5t direct to ! motor on ! c>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ae4 ,,tram-,,c> ,,9 ,,p>is ,,equipp$ ,,= ,,comb9$ ,,ov]head ,,trolley ,,& ,,surface ,,contact ,,sy/em ,by p]mission ( ! ,dolt] ,electric ,traction ,co41 ,ltd41 ,london ,9 ! conduit sy/em ! ma9 conductors 7or fe$-wire71 always 9 ?is c\ntry plac$ und]gr\nd1 are c>ri$ 9 a conduit or tube "u ! track1 :i* has a n>r[ longitud9al slit on its upp] surface level ) ! road4 ,?r\gh ?is slit passes a bracket c>ri$ by ! c> 9 su* a mann] z to make contact ) ! two conduit-conductors4 ,! objections to ?is sy/em are ! heavy co/ ( con/ruction1 its liability to d]angem5t f floods1 ! exp5se ( clean+ ! conduits1 & its t5d5cy to accumulate fil?4 ,! clos$ conduit1 or surface contact sy/em1 consi/s ( a s]ies ( plates or /uds plac$ along ! track a few feet ap>t & flu% ) ! road1 & insulat$ f ea* o!r4 ,"u ord9>y circum/ances ^! are disconnect$ ) ! conductor1 :i* is laid entirely bel[ ! surface1 b :5 a c> passes ov] !m !y become1 by means ( swit*es1 automatically connect$ ) x1 s t ! curr5t c be convey$ ?r\gh !m to ! c> motors4 ,9 o!r words1 ! /uds are 8alive0 :ile ! c> is ov] !m1 & 8dead0 z soon z x has pass$4 ,?is is a v practicable me?od1 & 9 c]ta9 cases is pref]able to ! op5 conduit4 ,defects1 h[ev]1 !re are1 b ! ,dolt] app>atus claims to h ov]come !m1 & x is greatly 9 its fav\r t ! sy/em has be5 successfully work$ 9 ,p>is = m ?an two ye>s4 ,x has ! m]it ( readily l5d+ itself to a comb9ation ) ! ov]head trolley sy/em4 ,( all sy/ems1 by f> ! be/ kn[n to ! public is t ( 8ov]head10 recognis$ imm$iately by ! tall iron poles insep>able f its adoption4 ,n9ety-five p] c5t4 ( ! _w's electric tramways are work$ on ! ov]head pr9ciple4 ,! di/ribution ( electric en]gy is by means ( a wire1 call$ ! trolley wire1 upheld by insulat$ brackets on poles tw5ty feet above ! gr\nd1 along ! entire track1 :i* is divid$ into sections1 ea* section tak+ its curr5t f ! ma9 conductor-wire1 :i* is laid und]gr\nd1 ?r\gh ! iron poles4 ,%\ld any "o section ( ! trolley wires meet ) mi%ap1 only ! c>s work+ on t section are /opp$2 ^? on ! rema9+ divisions1 hav+ an indep5d5t s\rce ( curr5t1 cont9ue to run ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #af4 ,,cross ,,lane ,,junction1 ,,sal=d4 ,,! ,,l>ge/ ,,& ,,mo/ ,,complicat$ ,,ov]head ,,trolley ,,cross+ ,,9 ,,! ,,k+dom ,by p]mission ( ,geo4 ,hill ,co41 ,man*e/] )\t int]ruption4 ,at ! upp] end is a small deeply groov$ :eel :i*1 by means ( spr+s at ! base ( ! trolley pole1 is press$ aga9/ ! "u side ( ! trolley wire ov]head1 & 9 t position rema9s z ! c> proce$s4 ,f ! wire ! electric curr5t passes ?r\gh ! groov$ :eel & d[n ! trolley pole to ! motors1 ( :i* !re is "o at ea* end ( ! c>4 ,9 all ?ree sy/ems ! motor itself is susp5d$ f ! axle1 :i* x turns2 & ! armature ( ! motor is p>allel to ! axle & ne>e/ to ! c5tre ( ! c>4 ,on ! end ( ! armature is a small cog:eel :i* ge>s into ! tee? ( a l>g] :eel key$ to ! axle1 & ?is turns r\nd ! :eels ( ! c>4 ,a coil$ spr+ supports ! field-magnet ( ! motor1 & :5 ! driv] turns ! lev] on to ! top ( ! controll] 7:i* is a high box 9 front ( ea* plat=m conta9+ a s]ies ( wires connect$ ) ! motor71 & swit*es on ! curr5t1 ! motor is lift$ up on ! fir/ revolution ( ! armature1 ! coil$ spr+ takes up ! motion ( ! motor1 & prev5ts ! c> />t+ ) a j]k4 ,! curr5t1 :5 done )1 returns to ! s\rce ( supply by ! ord9>y tram rails1 :i* are specially connect$ at ! jo9ts = ?is purpose4 ,x is ma9ta9$ t = *eapness ( con/ruction1 simplicity ( op]ation1 reliability 9 action1 & flexibility 9 adaptation1 ?is me?od is sup]ior to all o!rs4 ,!re 0 at "o "t a c]ta9 objection to x on /hetic gr\nds4 ,! e>li] examples1 :5 clumsy wood5 po/s & fe/oons ( wire ob/ruct$ ! view & seem$ to *oke up ! /reet1 und\bt$ly ju/ifi$ ! prote/ aga9/ ! 8ov]head02 b n[ t sl5d] iron poles1 ornam5tal r ?an o!rwise1 &1 9 "s cases1 rosettes atta*$ to ! h\ses1 are us$ = ! susp5sion ( ! trolley wire1 p h become reconcil$ to ! appe>ance ( ! ?or\ghf>es1 & no long] object to ! app>atus4 ,"o m sy/em1 an ideal "o1 rema9s to be consid]$4 ,x is t ( ! 8,self-conta9$ ,c>10 :i* c>ries a batt]y ( second>y cells1 :5ce ! curr5t = work+ ! motors is tak5 z requir$4 ,b1 = ! pres5t1 !re are s]i\s ob/acles aga9/ its g5]al application4 ,! great weight ( ! accumulators leads to a disproportionate consumption ( p[]1 & involves heavy exp5diture on ! p]man5t way & 9 roll+-/ock4 ,! batt]ies mu/ be re*>g$ at frequ5t int]vals1 & mu/ ei!r be remov$ f ! c>--a tr\blesome process--or ! c> mu/ be kept idle :ile ! cells are revivifi$4 ,accumulators z a rule d n live long1 & h to be r5ew$4 ,?us ! work+ exp5ses are s heavy t1 ideal z ! sy/em is1 & delightful ! smoo? runn+ ( ! c>s1 x does n pay comm]cially to adopt x1 & we mu/ wait pati5tly 9 ! hope t "o day a p]fect & practical second>y batt]y w appe> on ! sc5es4 ,great improvem5ts 9 lightness & durability are 9 ! air4 ,tramc>s h become luxuri\s comp>$ ) ! make%ifts t did duty 9 ,george ,francis ,tra9's day1 & ea* new l9e endeav\rs to make its roll+-/ock sup]ior to ! o!rs4 ,"s c>s are d\ble-deck$1 i4e4 h seats outside2 "s are s+le-deck$1 i4e4 h no outside seats4 ,!y are roomy & com=tably uphol/]$1 & ! w9d[s are curta9$1 or provid$ ) l\vre %utt]s to keep ! sun out4 ,^? ( ! ,london ,unit$ ,tramways are models ( com=t1 & p :o recollect only ! e>ly examples1 mo/ly ( =eign con/ruction1 w\ld be surpris$ at ! advance made4 ,!y seat ?irty inside & ?irty-n9e outside pass5g]s1 h spr+ cu%ions cov]$ ) plu% moquette1 & ceil+s panell$ 9 bird's-eye maple4 ,!re are electric pu%-buttons = signall+ ! motor-man2 electric light is provid$1 & v5tilators ext5d ! :ole l5g? ( ! c>1 ensur+ an abundant supply ( fre% air4 ,no c>s1 h[ev]1 9 ,great ,brita9 h rea*$ ! pit* ( p]fection atta9$ 9 ,am]ica by ! palace & p>l\r tramc>s2 ! =m] fitt$ up l a ,pullman1 ) little tables & easy-*airs1 & w9d[s prettily curta9$4 ,( ?is type1 p]haps ! mo/ sup]b is 9 ,bu5os ,ayres4 ,decorat$ 9 e>ly ,fr5* /yle1 x is beautifully f9i%$2 :ile inside x resembles a draw+-room1 ) w9d[s sep>at$ by c>v$ pila/]s & drap]ies ( :ite silk & gold damask4 ,a f9e ,wilton c>pet cov]s ! p>quetry floor1 :]eon /& wov5 cane fauteuils ) gold plu% seats4 ,at ea* end ( ! c> is a buffet1 & "o ( ! plat=ms is provid$ ) an ice *e/1 :ile an electric heat] produces tea & c(fee :5 requir$4 ,i _c close ?is *apt] introduc+ ! subject ( tramways1 )\t ref]5ce to ! 8,ru% = ! ,trams0 t attract$ s mu* att5tion la/ ye>4 ,! ru%es 9 ! ,blackfri>s ,bridge ,road began %ortly aft] five o'clock & cont9u$ until sev5 p4m41 & 7 describ$ 9 ! daily j\rnals z foll[s3 8,s\? ,london1 ?anks to ! ,l4,c4,c41 rejoices 9 an excell5t tram s]vice4 ,!re are _m trams go+ ev]y:]e )9 a reasonable di/ance--,/rea?am1 ,gre5wi*1 ,toot+1 ,new ,cross4 ,n[1 h[ev] h>d or h[ev] fa/ y ru% at a tram1 x is n to be bulli$ into hold+ m ?an a c]ta9 numb]4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y ru% suffici5tly fi]cely & ) suffici5t viol5ce1 y may ei!r knock or fright5 out ( ! way a girl :o has be5 wait+ long] ?an y4 ,"s g5ius discov]$ ?is & ru%$2 o!rs1 n to be beat51 ru%$ also4 ,! result is t e ev5+ ! ,blackfri>s ,road is ! sc5e ( a savage fight = ! incom+ trams1 :]e m5 & wom5 meet 9 unequal /rife4444 ,all notions ( *ivalry1 ( #8ladies fir/1' are ?r[n to ! w9ds1 app>5tly1 on ^! occasions1 ) ! result t _m "y girls1 weak wom5 & *ildr51 r ?an %>e 9 ! unequal /rife1 are cont5t to walk all ! way home4444 ,long be=e ! trams arrive at ! />t+-po9t1 !y are bo>d$ at ei!r end1 & a jovial cr[d1 knock+ (f "o ano!r's hats1 pok+ out "o ano!r's eyes1 sw>ms on to !m4 ,z an ent]ta9m5t1 ?is is n )\t m]it2 z an exhibition ( ! passions1 x is und\bt$ly int]e/+4 ,b if y happ5 to be weak or a woman & want to get on "o ( ^! c>s1 x is possible y w fail to consid] ^! ?+s4 ,only a day or two ago a fatal accid5t occurr$ 9 ! ru% = ! trams4 ,su* a s]i\s case is1 no d\bt1 r>e1 b small injuries mu/ be ( frequ5t occurr5ce1 torn clo!s & bruises "p ( ! daily r\nd1 ! common talk ( ^? :o /ruggle = ! trams4 ,x is unpleasantly common to see wom5 knock$ (f _! feet & dragg$ 9 ! road4 ,nor is ! ,blackfri>s t]m9us ! only battlefield4 ,! ,we/m9/] ,bridge ,road is no :it bett]1 & !re1 ) a roadway some:at n>r[] & a some:at l>g] quantity ( quick traffic1 ! dang] is ev5 great]40 ,! rem$y = ?is /ate ( affairs 0 ?us significantly po9t$ out3-- 8,:5 electricity is fully adopt$ ! s]vice w be able to deal ) a l>g] traffic1 =1 al?\gh ! same numb] ( c>s w be runn+1 !y w run fa/]1 & ea* w c>ry #ej p] c5t4 m pass5g]s1 s t ! c>ry+ capacity ( ! l9e w be mu* increas$4 ,till !n !re is no hope ( improvem5t4 ,x is impossible ) horse traction to run m c>s1 or run !m fa/]40 ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,london',s ,,tramways 8,:5 all is done1 ! help ( good c\nsel is t :i* sette? bus9ess /raight40--,,bacon4 ,,! ,l4,c4,c4 ,,& ,,london',s ,,traffic ,all tramways )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ! ,c\nty ( ,london--an area ( "s #af by #ab miles--w ev5tually be controll$ & work$ by ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil1 :o1 "u ! ,tramways ,act ( #ahgj1 h ! p[] ( pur*as+1 ei!r compulsorily at ! expiration ( tw5ty-"o ye>s f ! pass+ ( ! ,act1 or by agreem5t1 any tramway und]tak+ )9 _! (ficial t]ritory4 ,a heavy responsibility truly2 b :e!r = good or = evil1 municipal trad+ has come to /ay1 & ! pr9ciple z appli$ to tramways seems to be p>ticul>ly appropriate 9 ?is1 our great metropolis1 ) ^: locomotive sy/em none b a v p[]ful & exp]i5c$ gov]n+ body c ev] hope to successfully cope4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,all5-,bak]1 ! vice-*airman ( ! ,l4,c4,c4's ,highways ,committee1 report+ on ! subject ( our conge/$ highways1 said3 8,ev5 ?\gh !re %\ld be no future increase 9 /reet traffic1 ,i believe x to be ! imp]ative duty ( ! ,c\ncil to seek a rem$y1 & h[ mu* m :5 we feel assur$ t ,london w keep gr[+1 & t )9 ! next ?irty ye>s bo? a wat] & locomotive s]vice w h to be provid$ = an e/imat$ population 79 ,great] ,london7 ( probably n less ?an t5 or twelve million p2 & :atev] ! gr[? outw>ds may be1 ! be/ sy/em ( rapid transit = ! c5tral di/ricts w always become m & m ess5tial4 ,if1 !re=e1 we are to cope ) ei!r our pres5t or our future requirem5ts1 & prev5t our /reets f becom+ really impassable1 x is1 9 my judgm5t1 our duty to take up ! subject at once1 & seek f ,8 ,maje/y's ,gov]nm5t ^? additional p[]s & am5dm5ts to exi/+ ,acts ( ,p>liam5t t w enable ! ,c\ncil1 z ! c5tral au?ority1 to c>ry out ^! improvem5ts 9 ! int]e/s ( ! :ole metropolis40 ,i d\bt if anybody realises ! gigantic scale ( ,great] ,london's /reet traffic1 s mu* ( x be+ hidd5 away4 ,x is e/imat$ t 9 "o ye> travell]s by cabs & omnibuses numb] #ehj1jjj1jjj1 & by tramways #djj1jjj1jjj4 ,by ,und]gr\nd1 ,tube1 & suburban railways #hij1jjj1jjj travel2 & %\ld ! metropolis increase at ! rate expect$ by ,mr4 ,j4 ,all5-,bak]1 9 ?irty ye>s' "t !re w be some?+ l #d1jjj1jjj1jjj1 or #aa1jjj1jjj human be+s p] diem1 mov+ ab\t on :eels or on foot4 ,all ^! facts w d\btless be c>efully consid]$1 &1 if possible1 ! problem ( ,london's traffic solv$1 by ! ,royal ,commission--,sir ,david ,mill] ,b>b\r1 ,k4,c4,s4,i41 ,k4,c4,m4,g41 9 ! *air--appo9t$ 9 ,febru>y la/ to deal ) ! subject4 7vide ,*apt] ,,ix474 ,x is au?oris$ to report3-- 7#a7 ,z to ! measures :i* !y deem mo/ effectual = ! improvem5t ( ! same 7! /reet traffic7 by ! developm5t & int]connection ( railways & tramways on or bel[ ! surface1 by increas+ ! facilities = o!r =ms ( me*anical locomotion1 by bett] provision = ! organisation & regulation ( vehicul> & p$e/rian traffic or o!rwise2 & 7#b7 ,z to ! desirability ( e/abli%+ "s au?ority or tribunal to :i* all s*emes ( railway or tramway con/ruction ( a local "* %\ld be ref]r$1 & ! p[]s :i* x w\ld be advisable to conf] ^u su* a body4 ,,! ,l4,c4,c4 ,,& ,,reh\s+ ,! tramway policy ( ! ,l4,c4,c4 is s connect$ ) ! h\s+1 or1 r1 ) ! reh\s+ "q1 t al?\gh ?is book is purely on ! subject ( electrical traction1 ,i _c avoid mak+ "s ref]5ce to x4 ,= fifte5 ye>s1 s9ce1 "u ! ,local ,gov]nm5t ,act ( #ahhh1 ! ,c\ncil 0 con/itut$1 x has sl[ly be5 w9n+ ! confid5ce ( ,london]s4 ,aggressive at fir/1 x has rel9qui%$ ! altrui/ic !ories ( y\?1 & x n[ realises ! fact t x is a body ( tru/ees act+ n = "o class only1 b t x mu/ adm9i/] its h]itage 9 ! int]e/s ( ! community at l>ge4 ,jeal\sy ( its p[]s is dy+ out1 & by compreh5sive & en]getic action x ju/ifies itself z ! "o c5tral privileg$ body able to deal ) ! highway1 & ) ! h\s+ problem ( ,mod]n ,babylon4 ,"o ( its prov9ces1 9 fact its /atutory obligation1 is to provide new accommodation--n necess>ily 9 ! same locality--9 place ( all h\ses de/roy$ z unfit = human habitation4 ,x also takes ^u itself volunt>ily 7:]e no su* legal obligation exi/s7 9 c]ta9 in/ances to provide = reh\s+1 &1 :]ev] possible1 ?is is effect$ 9 ! same di/ricts4 ,b ?is _c z a rule be done :5 reh\s+ is compulsory1 & to meet ! difficulty1 e/ates h be5 acquir$1 & blocks ( h\ses & cottages erect$ at ,croydon1 ,wood ,gre51 ,brixton ,hill1 ,holl[ay1 ,hamm]smi?1 & o!r m or less suburban spots4 ,! ,model ,dwell+s built on ! site ( ,millbank ,prison1 & inspect$ by ! ,k+ & ,que5 on ,febru>y #ah? la/1 accommodate #d1ejj m51 wom51 & *ildr54 ,at ,toot+1 ! ,l4,c4,c4 s*eme provides = #h1fjj p2 at ,norbury1 = #e1hjj2 :ile at ,tott5ham !re w be q a new t[n ( #dj1jjj artisan inhabitants4 ,enc\ragem5t is giv5 by ! ,c\ncil to ! idea t work+-m5 & wom5--s9ce !y _c1 9 s _m cases1 live *ock-a-block ) _! employm5t--%\ld be provid$ ) homes ^u1 or a little beyond1 ! ,c\ncil's b\nd>ies1 & be br\ght backw>ds & =w>ds by tra91 = ! popul> #a;d4 ,be+ practical m51 ! ,c\ncillors "k t any transf]5ce on a l>ge scale ( ,london factories to ! c\ntry1 h[ev] desirable1 _c be effect$ yet a:ile4 ,& ev5 if !y c\ld acquire sites 9 ! c5tres ( indu/ry1 & erect gigantic lodg+-h\ses1 ! co/ w\ld be prohibitive4 ,!y h to deal ) ! pres5t necessity4 ,_! ideal is probably ! work%op z x exi/s 9 ,london1 ) ! heads ( firms at ,belsize ,p>k1 ,bayswat]1 & ,dulwi*1 ! cl]ks at ,w&swor?1 ,*elsea1 & ,fulham1 & ! workm5 at ,tott5ham1 ,wood ,gre51 & ,hamm]smi?4 ,on ! o!r h&1 figures quot$ by ,mr4 ,tr\pe1 ( ! ,home ,(fice1#e %[ to :at a l>ge ext5t x might be possible to relieve conge/ion by ! removal ( factories to ! c\ntry4 ,he said t !re 7 #gdh factories 9 ,london classifi$1 9 ! foll[+ proportions1 viz4 #ej = ma*9e-mak+1 #cj = bread & biscuit-bak+1 #ad = cab9et-mak+1 #aa = turn+ out fruit pres]ves1 #af brew]ies1 #dg book-b9d+ e/abli%m5ts1 #gb pr9t+ h\ses 7n includ+ newspap]s71 & #ai saw-mills4 ,9 ^! #gdh factories close ^u #bjj1jjj p 7 employ$1 repres5t+ ) _! families "s #fjj1jjj human be+s1 & if1 foll[+ ! rec5t example ( ! l>ge/ cab9et-mak]s 9 ,london1 ! bulk ( ^! remov$ into ! c\ntry1 :i* !y might d if suitable railway arrangem5ts c\ld be made1 a consid]able numb] ( ! #fjj1jjj m51 wom51 & *ildr5 w\ld be reh\s$ amid/ 8fre% woods & pa/ures new10 greatly to _! b5efit4 ,?is is a dream at pres5t1 z factories _c )\t great loss be summ>ily transf]r$ f suitable urban qu>t]s :]e wat]-frontages & locomotive facilities exi/4 ,!y h gr[n up )1 & 9 _m cases creat$ ! di/rict 9 :i* !y are situat$4 ,b]mondsey has = ye>s be5 ! home ( ! lea!r trade1 ,lambe? ( ! pott]y indu/ry1 & al?\gh ,mr4 ,ju/ice ,gran?am in/ances ,d\lton's z an awful example ( an uneconomical del9qu5t ,london manufactory--_! clay 9 ,dorset%ire1 _! coal 9 ! ,midl&s1 _! salt 9 ,*e%ire1 & _! works on ! banks ( ! ,?ames--x is no light matt] to break ) long bus9ess ties & take up ) fre% ones1 n s easy to leave ! old love & take up ) ! new4 ,x w be grant$1 h[ev]1 t ,mr4 ,william ,l4 ,magd5 0 "r :5 he ma9ta9$ t 8no manufactur] ab\t to comm5ce bus9ess at ! pres5t day w\ld fix ^u ,london z a suitable position4 ,he w\ld *oose r a di/rict 9 :i* l& 0 *eap1 & 9 :i* he c\ld obta9 *eap p[] = 8 ma*9]y & transport = 8 goods4 ,he %\ld n 9 future be limit$ to ! colli]y di/ricts or to ! ma9 l9es ( railway4 ,light railways s]v+ z fe$]s to ! ma9 l9es1 & ! supply ( electrical en]gy ov] l>ge areas f ma9 p[] /ations1 c\ld provide = bo? ^! requirem5ts1 giv+ ! manufactur] ample assurance t 8 works c\ld be run *eaply1 & t ! raw mat]ial & manufactur$ products c\ld be effici5tly h&l$4 ,by su* means electrical sci5ce is capable ( op5+ up ?\s&s ( squ>e miles 9 ,engl& = manufactur+ purposes1 ! native population ( :i* has be5 langui%+ "u ! *ronic compla9t ( agricultural depression40 ,,! ,l4,c4,c4',s ,,tramway ,,sy/em ,:e!r1 z reg>ds tramways1 ! ,l4,c4,c4 w be ! c5tral au?ority recomm5d$ by ! ,royal ,commission]s1 "t w %[2 b mean:ile x has already e/abli%$ its tramway sy/em1 :i* c be se5 at "w 9 our mid/4 ,9 ord] to und]/& x ! m easily1 x %\ld be assum$ t all ! l9es1 includ+ ^? ( ! ,london ,unit$ ,tramways ,company1 are 9 ! h&s ( ! ,c\ncil1 t !y are m or less l9k$ toge!r1 t p[]s = new l9es h be5 grant$1 & t electrical traction 9 "s =m has be5 adopt$ ?r\gh\t4 ,on /udy+ a tramway map1 "o is /ruck by ! fact t1 />t+ f ! c5tral area ( ,london1 all ! tram-l9es me&] t[>ds ! ,c\ncil's b\nd>ies1 :]e !y w ev5tually no d\bt jo9 & int]*ange ?r\gh traffic ) ! va/ light railway or rural tramway sy/ems ( v>i\s companies 9 ! direction ( nor? & s\?1 nor?-ea/1 s\?-ea/1 nor?-we/1 & s\?-we/2 b t 8?r\gh0 7or cross-c\ntry7 communication f we/ to ea/1 practically does n exi/4 ,9 ! nor?-we/ !re are huge areas ( brick & mort> z de/itute ( tram-l9es z ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 s t anyone liv+ 9 ! ,reg5t's ,p>k di/ricts has to 8tra90 x ea/w>d1 or1 if he be b5t on 8tramm+0 x1 has to g by an inconv5i5t & awkw>d r\te to ,hackney or ,b[4 ,ano!r notable feature ( ! map is t1 al?\gh !re are almo/ z _m tramways on ! s\? z on ! nor? side ( ! riv]1 !re is no access f "o to ! o!r1 ! bridges be+ look$ ^u z sacr$ ?or\ghf>es1 along :i* tramc>s--c]ta9ly n z un/hetic z omnibuses1 or waggons lad5 ) vegetables--may n pass1 al?\gh ,we/m9/] is ! wide/ bridge 9 ! _w1 #he feet2 ,blackfri>s1 #hj feet2 & ,vauxhall & ,lambe? w be equally wide1 & broad en\gh to accommodate ! trams )\t inconv5i5ce4 ,at pres5t ! l9es are pa9fully disunit$1 )\t />t+-po9t or t]m9us4 ,! gaps 9 ! l9es require to be fill$ up1 & :]e ?is is impracticable1 %all[ und]gr\nd tracks %\ld be made use (4 ,! great defect1 h[ev]1 w\ld at once disappe> if ! l9es c\ld cross ! ,?ames at ,we/m9/] & ,blackfri>s2 b if ?is be p]si/5tly refus$1 light bridges or tubes ought to be specially provid$ at conv5i5t po9ts ) f\r tracks = ! use ( tramways only4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil's "w t[>ds ! improvem5t ( metropolitan highways dates back to ! e>ly n9eties1 :5 ! ,c\ncil began to acquire tramway companies4 ,a mo/ important /ep 0 tak5 9 #ahig1 :5 ! :ole ( ! l9es & depts belong+ to ! ,nor? ,metropolitan & ,london ,/reet ,tramways ,companies 9 ! ,c\nty ( ,london 7 pur*as$1 ! pur*ase-money be+ #hjj1jjj4 ,9 #ahii ! ,c\ncil acquir$ ! ,s\? ,london ,tramways at a co/ ( #hhb1jdc1 & /ill m rec5tly ! control ( ! ,s\? ,ea/]n ,metropolitan ,tramways ,company & ! ,s\? ,london ,company has be5 effect$4 ,negotiations = o!r acquisitions are p5d+1 &1 z a matt] ( fact1 !re are n[ n a doz5 miles ( tramway l9es )9 ! c\nty :i* ! ,c\ncil has n already pur*as$4 ,! ,nor? ,metropolitan l9es h be5 leas$ by ! ,c\ncil to ! ,company = f\rte5 ye>s f #ahif4 ,! ,s\? ,london l9es are work$ directly by ! ,c\ncil1 & 9 ! ye> #aija-b no few] ?an #aai1hhj1eei pass5g]s 7 c>ri$ ov] ! sy/em1 #ec1fci1dhi be+ at halfp5ny f>es & #ej1iac1jcf at p5ny ones4 ,! traffic receipts = ! ye> am\nt$ to ov] #dci1jjj1 & ! mileage run 0 ov] #aj1jjj1jjj4 ,ab\t #d1ejj1jjj workm5's tickets 7 issu$ dur+ ! ye>4 ,?us our metropolitan ,c\ncillors h1 aft] due delib]ation & mu* se>*+ ( he>ts1 laun*$ a prodigi\s und]tak+4 ,:e!r x w or w n prove too co/ly is ano!r matt]4 ,dr4 ,alex&] ,b4 ,w4 ,k5n$y1 _! consult+ eng9e]1 9 8 report1 said3 8,i hope1 !re=e1 t ! ,committee w f9d !mselves able to believe t ! ent]prise 9 :i* !y are ab\t to emb>k is "o :i* w n only be = ! b5efit ( ,london]s g5]ally1 b "o also :i* w pay its way1 & on :i*1 !re=e1 !re w\ld seem to be no reason = grudg+ su* exp5diture z to make ! :ole s*eme "o ( a k9d suitable = & wor?y ( ! greate/ city 9 ! _w40 ,n long ago ! ,c\ncil decid$ to adopt electrical traction on all _! l9es1 involv+ an ultimate co/ ( #i1jjj1jjj :i* w include ! necess>y g5]at+ /ations1 roll+-/ock1 pur*ase ( small] und]tak+s1 & ext5sions4 ,! result atta9$ w be a spl5did sy/em1 equival5t 9 l5g? to two hundr$ miles ( s+le track1 ?\gh n l>g] ?an t ( "s big prov9cial cities4 ,:]ev] possible ! sy/em w be t ( ! conduit und]gr\nd2 m exp5sive ?an ! trolley me?od1 b 9 ! cr[d$ /reets ( ,london--:]e e in* ( space is valuable--advantage\s1 & f a sev]ely /hetic po9t ( view1 pref]able1 because x disp5ses ) poles & wires4 ,b on l9es acquir$ by ! ,c\ncil :]e already exi/s ! ov]head pr9ciple1 !re w be no difficulty 9 arrang+ ! c>s s t !y c be run f "o sy/em to ! o!r1 ei!r ) no /opp+ at all at ! po9t ( *ange1 or ) a delay ( b a second or two4 ,! c>s1 except ! trucks1 w be made 9 ,engl& by ,briti% firms1 & are to be d\ble-deck$1 d\ble-bogi$1 & ?irty-two feet long2 !y are to hold tw5ty-eight pass5g]s inside1 & =ty-two on ! ro(1 & w be 9 two comp>tm5ts4 ,!y w resemble ! ,liv]pool c>s1 describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,xiii1 & w be pa9t$ a *ocolate col\r4 ,! spe$ w be a maximum ( twelve miles an h\r1 ) an av]age ( ab\t sev54 ,suppos+1 !re=e1 t all ! ,l4,c4,c4 p>liam5t>y ,bills are c>ri$ ?r\gh1 & t all ! disunit$ l9es are prop]ly & h>moni\sly l9k$ toge!r1 & ?r\gh communication e/abli%$ 9 e direction1 x w be feasible to take "s su* day's bus9ess j\rney )9 ! ,c\ncil's b\nd>ies z t ( ,b5jam9 ,%ort :i* ,i am ab\t to relate4 ,b be=e do+ s ,i ?9k ! v important decision ( ! ,"l ,*ancellor 9 an appeal case1 ,novemb] #bg?1 #aijb1 on ! subject ( ! ma9t5ance ( tramway tracks %\ld be record$3-- ,,! ,,ma9t5ance ,,( ,,tramway ,,tracks ,on ,m>* #d?1 #aijj1 ,mr4 ,fitzg]ald 0 driv+ a horse & ,ralli c> 9 ,grafton ,/reet1 ,dubl91 :5 ! horse /umbl$ & fell1 & ! respond5t 0 flung out ( ! c>t & su/a9$ s]i\s injuries4 ,on ! gr\nd t ! surface ( ! pav+ at ! place :]e he 0 driv+ 0 unsafe = horses & 9 a condition :i* 0 a dang] & annoyance to ! ord9>y traffic1 he br\ght an action aga9/ ! tramway company1 & 0 aw>d$ #a1jjj damages1 ! jury hold+ t ! "p ( ! roadway = :i* ! company 0 responsible 0 at ! "t slipp]y & unsafe1 & t ?is 0 ! cause ( ! horse fall+4 ,!y1 at ! same "t1 f\nd t ! mis=tune 0 n caus$ by ! fabric ( ! pavem5t be+ improp]ly con/ruct$ or ma9ta9$4 ,! ,"l ,*ancellor1 at ! conclusion ( ! argum5ts1 mov$ t ! appeal %\ld be dismiss$4 ,! tramway company _h be5 p]mitt$ ! use ( ! public highway subject to c]ta9 obligations1 :i* practically meant t :ile !y 7 to use x !y mu/ take c>e t ! safety & conv5i5ce ( ! public 7 consult$4 ,!y 7 n to h a monopoly ( ! highway1 & x 0 _! duty to take c>e ( ! public conv5i5ce 9 respect to t "p ( ! roadway ov] :i* !y 7 p]mitt$ to ex]cise a k9d ( subord9ate dom9ion4 ,x 0 n d5i$ t ! surface ( ! roadway became1 9 c]ta9 /ates ( ! wea!r1 a dang] & a nuisance to ! public1 & x 0 a /rong cont5tion to say t1 hav+ receiv$ in/ructions f ! road au?ority to d t :i* w\ld h prev5t$ ! accid5t1 !re %\ld be no liability ^u !m4 ,! obligation1 z he read ! /atute1 0 to keep ! pavem5t 9 a fit & prop] condition = public traffic4 ,h[ t 0 to be done 0 a "q ( me*anical eng9e]+1 & nei!r ! ,legislature nor ! ,c\rt 0 call$ ^u to ent] into ! "q z to h[ x c\ld be/ be done4 ,all ! judges )\t exception seem$ to agree t ! be/ & mo/ prop] mode ( do+ x 0 to d :at ! road au?ority direct$ !m to d1 & t !y _h delib]ately disobey$4 ,a ,,bus9ess ,,j\rney ,,by ,l4,c4,c4 ,,trams ,b5jam9 ,%ort 0 born & br\ght up 9 ,london1 & if any man liv+ knew its ins & outs he did4 ,he 0 a jovial-look+ little man1 always call$ ,b51 =1 said 8 fa!r1 8,we *ri/5$ him ,b5jam9 = long1 b z he grew s sl[ly1 we call$ him ,b5 = %ort2 = %ort he is1 & %ort he always w be--except ( ca%60 ,%ort ! eld] 0 a small tobacconi/ 9 ! days :5 ! fragrant we$ 0 fir/ put up & sold 9 packets--a pay+ idea1 z he soon discov]$--& to effectually put x into practice1 he us$ a fa/-trott+ m>e & a roomy1 com=table trap4 ,b51 z he grew up1 0 all[$ to accompany 8 fa!r on ^! j\rneys1 & hav+ abundant p[]s ( obs]vation & natural quickness1 he came to "k m ab\t ,great] ,london ?an mo/ m5 ( d\ble 8 age4 ,he 0 cut out = a comm]cial travell]'s c>e]1 & a travell]1 9 due c\rse1 he became1 inh]it+ f 8 fa!r a snug bit ( capital4 ,at ! "t ( :i* ,i am writ+1 ,b5 liv$ at ,/am=d ,hill1 close to ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil b\nd>y1 9 a well-built h\se ) a bit ( l& at ! back1 9 :i* he _h inve/$ 8 inh]itance4 ,he call$ x 8,! ,wat*mak]'s ,re/10 & x fac$ ! tramway l9e4 ,its front g>d5 0 ! envy & admiration ( ! neighb\rs4 ,!re appe>$ 9 _! season ! *oice/ bulb\s fl[]s1 lovely annuals1 h]bace\s plants1 *rysan!mums1 & a/]s1 all ( irreproa*able quality1 = ,%ort1 be+ a sob] & /eady man1 devot$ 8 sp>e "t to horticulture1 at :i* he 0 an adept4 ,b5 ,%ort travell$ = a l>ge :olesale firm ( wat*mak]s & jewell]s 9 ,cl]k5well1 ^: w>e-h\se 0 n f> f ! junction ( ,goswell ,road & ,old ,/reet4 ,?i!r ,%ort w5t to bus9ess e day at eight o'clock f ,/am=d ,hill1 n by a ,tube 78,toob0 he call$ x71 b by ! tram :i* pass$ 8 door4 ,he 0 a fir/-rate salesman1 work+ on sal>y & commission1 z active & endur+ z a bee1 b z no travell+ exp5ses )9 ! ,london di/rict 7 all[$ him1 he _h to get ab\t z *eaply z possible4 ,hi!rto he _h be5 9 ! habit ( work+ a s+le section ( t[n until x 0 exhau/$1 & !n tak+ up ano!r4 ,b "o ,july morn+ ! head ( ! firm ask$ him if he c\ld v>y ! plan & take ! pick ( sev]al di/ricts 9 "o day z an exp]im5t4 ,?is 0 done to te/ ,%ort's capacity z aga9/ t ( an ,engli%-speak+ ,g]man travell]1 a protg ( 8 p>tn]1 :o _h already tri$ 8 be/ by tra9 & 'bus to cov] a l>ge area 9 "o day1 b _h blund]$ ov] ! job4 ,b5 ,%ort1 :o _h notic$ a 8=eign]0 hang+ ab\t ! place a good deal1 drew 8 own conclusions !refrom1 & promptly acquiesc$ 9 ! proposition1 & repli$ t he 0 q will+ to %[ h[ mu* c\ld be done 9 twelve h\rs by "o :o knew 8 ,london well & h[ be/ to make use ( its locomotive facilities4 ,b5 int5d$ to make a record6 ,to save "t he took home ) him f ! sample-room 8 bag1 an inconspicu\s1 well-worn old companion4 ,x 0 easily c>ri$1 z ! cont5ts1 ?\gh valuable1 7 light4 ,next morn+ at #g4cj to ! m9ute he 0 at breakfa/1 clean z a new p91 ?or\ghly well groom$1 a man ( peace1 b if y _h put y\r h& into ! side pocket ( 8 coat y w\ld h f\nd a smoo? ivory h&le1 suspici\sly l t ( a neat six-%oot]--9 case ( accid5ts6 ,at eight o'clock he 0 9 a com=table electric tram b\nd on 8 fir/ /age to f>-(f ,hamm]smi?4 ,! r\te 0 vi ,/am=d ,hill1 ,high ,/reet1 ,/oke ,new+ton ,road1 & ,k+sl& ,road1 &1 bran*+ (f at ,hackney ,road1 by way ( ,old ,/reet & ,cl]k5well ,road1 to ! we/]n end ( ,!obald's ,road4 ,!nce1 a long /ret* by way ( ,h>t ,/reet1 ,bloomsbury1 along "p ( ,new ,ox=d ,/reet1 into ,ox=d ,/reet1 pa/ ! ,m>ble ,ar*1 along ! ,uxbridge ,road1 pa/ ,nott+ ,hill ,gate1 & d[n ! beautifully pav$1 broad incl9e t[>ds ,%eph]d's ,bu%1 !n to ! left ?r\gh ,brook ,gre51 & s to ! ,broadway1 ,hamm]smi?--"o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ rides 9 ,london1 & b rec5tly add$ to ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil sy/em1 aft] trem5d\s agitation & opposition on ! "p ( ! 8,tube0 & o!rs1 b absolutely necess>y to complete ! l9k+ ( o!r & disjo9t$ sections4 ,"h1 at ,hamm]smi?1 ,b5 ,%ort transact$ "s v satisfactory bus9ess 9 ,k+ ,/reet4 ,x 0 e>ly2 8 8cli5ts0 _h j f9i%$ _! breakfa/s1 _! %ops _h be5 b a few m9utes op5$1 & !y _h leisure to att5d to 8 p]suasive argum5ts4 ,he 0 a fav\rite :]ev] he w5t1 & z he c>ri$ exactly ! k9d ( goods to attract1 he quickly book$ ord]s & 0 free to proce$4 ,on bo>d once m1 at good spe$ ,b5 0 roll$ along ,fulham ,road1 leav+ on ! "r ! big conv5t jeal\sly gu>d$ by high walls1 :i* made ,b5 fall to wond]+ h[ any sane "y woman c\ld volunt>ily cut h]self (f f a _w ab\t :i* %e probably knew practically no?+4 ,on w5t ! tram1 pa/ ! big build+s ( ! ,fulham ,workh\se1 pa/ ! entrance to ,fulham ,palace & ! ,bi%op's ,p>k1 along ! wid5$ ,high ,/reet ( ,fulham1 ov] ,putney ,bridge1 & by way ( ,putney ,bridge ,road & ,we/ ,hill1 ,w&swor? 7a new r\te71 to ,l[] ,toot+--altoge!r a pleasant trip at t "t ( ! ye>1 = g>d5s1 at :i* he critically & eag]ly gaz$1 greet$ ,b5 9 e direction4 ,wa/+ no "t1 ,%ort call$ ^u all ! mo/ likely cu/om]s1 & aga9 he 0 9 luck1 = :e!r !y want$ wat*es & jewell]y or n1 ord]s 7 book$4 ,n[ ! en]getic little man _h to get to ! 8,elephant & ,ca/le40 ,along ! ,balham ,hill ,road1 ) its pleasant %ops & lively p$e/rians1 0 pla9 sail+ en\gh1 pa/ umbrage\s ,clapham ,common on ! left1 edg$ ) s$ate & com=table mansions recall+ ! old days :5 prosp]\s ,evangelicism dwelt exclusively 9 ,clapham2 !n by way ( ,clapham ,road & ,k5n+ton ,p>k ,road to ! f>-fam$ 8,elephant & ,ca/le40 ,"h a less %>p-witt$ man ?an ,%ort might well be bewild]$ by ! wond]ful conc5tration ( tram l9es conv]g+ f ,walwor? ,road1 ,new ,k5t ,road1 ,new+ton ,causeway1 ,london ,road1 ,/4 ,george's ,road1 & ! road he _h come by4 ,"h1 if any:]e1 z at ! ,mansion ,h\se1 well-arrang$ pass5g] subways are ne$$4 ,our 8comm]cial0 did mu* bus9ess r\nd ab\t1 = x 0 "o ( 8 be/ di/ricts = *eap goods1 & !n he ?\ght x 0 "t to refre% ! inn] man4 ,9 a neighb\r+ cool1 clean little crib--8a close bor\gh ( 8 own10 he call$ x--he re/$1 & made intimate acqua9tance ) a noble piece ( silv]-side1 "s crisp lettuces1 & any am\nt ( piccalilli--he 0 a lov] ( cold meat & pickles--b1 9 accordance ) a rule he nev] broke 9 bus9ess h\rs1 he re/rict$ himself to c(fee z a bev]age4 ,%ort1 brac$ up by 8 lun*eon1 0 n[ ready to set out = ! wilds ( ,plum/ead--a some:at long j\rney4 ,he />t$ by tra9 f ! 8,elephant & ,ca/le0 vi ! ,new & ! ,old ,k5t ,roads1 ,new ,cross ,road1 ,gre5wi* ,road1 ,trafalg> ,road1 ,gre5wi* & ,woolwi* ,l[] ,roads to ,woolwi*1 & by ! ,plum/ead ,road to ,plum/ead itself4 ,he work$ ! two di/ricts toge!r1 b 8 luck _h des]t$ him1 & ord]s 7 few] & f>!r betwe5 ?an he altoge!r lik$2 b he 0 n go+ to 8*uck ! ?+ up0 yet4 ,he w\ld d a bit ( ! ,ea/ ,end1 & ?us complete ! circuit ( ,london4 ,he took ! same r\te back f ,plum/ead z f> z ,blackwall ,lane1 !n vi ! ,blackwall ,tunnel to ,ea/ ,india ,dock ,road1 ,burdett ,road1 & ,mile ,end ,road to its junction ) ,cambridge ,road4 ,9 ?is neighb\rhood he did 8 only ext5sive bit ( walk+4 ,! di/rict1 ?\gh poor1 0 l>ge1 & he did a fair am\nt ( bus9ess1 b z "t 0 gett+ on he decid$ to return home2 s by ,cambridge ,road1 along ,cambridge ,hea?1 ,m>e ,/reet1 ,l[] & ,upp] ,clapton ,roads1 he got back to ,/am=d ,hill1 & 0 put d[n almo/ at 8 own h\se4 ,he _h travell$ by electric tramway "s fifty miles at a co/ ( ab\t #bs4 #a;d4 7or a halfp5ny a mile74 ,he _h done a lot ( bus9ess1 & _h be5 abs5t j twelve h\rs6 ,9 ! bosom ( 8 family he f\nd ample comp5sation = 8 ex]tions4 ,a he>ty welcome & a sav\ry supp]1 accompani$ by some?+ t 0 n c(fee1 await$ him1 & ! foll[+ day ! firm receiv$ him ) acclamation4 ,! ,teuton 0 n 89 x10 & ,b5 ,%ort reign$ supreme z its *ief & highly appreciat$ travell]4 ,,london ,,unit$ ,,tramways ,,company ,want ( space =bids m ?an ! m]e m5tion ( ! ,s\? ,metropolitan & ! ,london ,s\!rn1 ! ,woolwi* & ,s\? ,ea/]n1 ! ,we/ ,ham1 & ! ,nor!rn ,middlesex ,tramways4 ,b ?is *apt] w\ld be incomplete )\t "s ref]5ce to ! useful & popul> organisation1 ! ,london ,unit$ ,tramways ,company1 t takes up ! runn+ at ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil's b\nd>y4 ,=ty million pass5g]s 7 convey$ la/ ye> ov] its orig9al r\te ( tw5ty-two miles1 ext5d+ f ,%eph]ds ,bu% & ,hamm]smi? to ,s\?all1 ,h\nsl[1 & ,twick5ham4 ,9 "o week alone ov] a million 7 c>ri$4 ,la/ ,april an important ext5sion 0 inaugurat$ f ,twick5ham1 :i* br\ght ! trams ?r\gh ,t$d+ton & ,hampton ,wick "r to ! gates ( ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag4 ,,boil]-,,room1 ,,london ,,unit$ ,,tramways ,,co4',s ,,p[] ,,h\se ,,at ,,*iswick1 ,,fitt$ ,,) ,,vic>s' ,,automatic ,,/ok]s ,by p]mission ( ,t4 & ,t4 ,vic>s1 ,e>l/[n1 ,lanca%ire ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace1 & f ,ri*mond ,bridge to ,hampton ,c\rt4 ,9 ! ne> future ^! ext5sions w be connect$ ) new l9es runn+ to ,uxbridge1 ,?ames ,ditton1 ,surbiton1 ,hook1 ,k+/on1 ,new ,mald51 ,wimbl$on1 & ,toot+2 :ile ev5tually ^! we/]n & s\!rn tracks w1 by ! sy/em ( tubes1 rejuv5at$ und]gr\nd railways1 & ! ,l4,c4,c4's electric tramways1 be jo9$ to ^? ( nor!rn & ea/]n ,london4 ,9 ?ree ye>s' "t1 :5 its ext5sions are complet$1 ! ,london ,unit$ w h #ajj miles ( tram l9es 9 op]ation4 ,! gauge is ! /&>d #d feet #h in*es4 ,?r\gh\t ! r\te ! ov]head trolley sy/em has be5 adopt$4 ,at ,*iswick is ! p[] h\se1 & ! ma9s convey ! electricity to sub-/ations1 six miles ap>t1 :]e rot>y conv]t]s *ange ! alt]nat+ into direct curr5t1 & trans=m d[n ! high voltage ( #e1jjj into ! ,bo>d ( ,trade limit ( #ejj4 ,9 ! f9e boil]-room ,t4 & ,t4 ,vic>s' automatic /ok]s are us$1 & v int]e/+ x is to wat* ! ma*9es cont9ually pu%+ small *>ges ( coal into ! furnaces )\t any direct human ag5cy4 ,m\nt$ on two f\r-:eel$ bogie trucks1 ) two #be horse-p[] motors1 ! h&some c>s seat ?irty-n9e pass5g]s outside & ?irty inside4 ,on ! ,sunday aft] ! op5+ ( ! ext5sion no few] ?an #bjj1jjj p j\rney$ f ,hamm]smi?1 ,%eph]d's ,bu%1 & ,ri*mond1 to ,kew1 ,twick5ham1 ,t$d+ton1 & ,hampton ,c\rt2 & on ,:it ,monday1 #aijc1 ! numb] rea*$ #djj1jjj1 ?us e/abli%+ a record4 ,s great 0 ! ru% dur+ "s "p ( ^? days t a two m9utes' s]vice ( c>s _h to be provid$4 ,! ext5sion f ,twick5ham to ,hampton ,c\rt 0 op5$ by ,mr4 ,c4 ,t4 ,y]kes1 ! ,*airman1 & au?or ( ! happy alliance ( tra91 tube1 & tram1 :i* may possibly enable _m toil]s 9 ! ,ea/ ,end to live 9 ! c\ntry4 ,at ! lea/1 x w give !m ! *ance1 :5 possess$ ( a little leisure & a few p5ce1 to quickly ex*ange _! sordid environm5t = "o ( ! num]\s sylvan spots :i* surr\nd ,london1 especially 9 ! we/4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ah4 ,a ,,london ,,unit$ ,,tramways ,,company ,,tram-,,c> ,by p]mission ( ! ,london ,unit$ ,tramways ,co41 ,ltd4 ,allud+ to ?is1 ,mr4 ,c4 ,t4 ,y]kes1 at ! inauguration1 significantly rem>k$ t x 0 a /range fact t ,london 0 p>ticul>ly beh9d 9 transportation1 be+ ! mo/ backw>d ( all cities4 ,?\gh dur+ ! la/ tw5ty ye>s 9 ,london1 #ijj miles ( /reets _h be5 made1 & #cdj1jjj h\ses _h be5 built1 x 0 only )9 ! pa/ few ye>s t intramural transportation _h be5 ev5 spok5 (4 ,! ,london ,unit$ ,tramway ,company1 he said1 expect$ to jo9 v intimately ) ! ,metropolitan ,di/rict1 =m+ a cont9u\s l9e to ,hampton ,c\rt f ! ,city2 & !y anticipat$ connect+ ) ! ,great ,nor!rn1 ,brompton1 & ,piccadilly ,circus ,railway4 ,p w\ld be c>ri$ v *eaply1 & :5 ! ,di/rict 0 electrifi$ ! mileage rates w\ld be aboli%$ 9 fav\r ( uni=m f>es1 :i* 7 f> ! be/4 ,poor p :o 7 liv+ 9 an un5viable condition %\ld h ! *ance ( gett+ into ! c\ntry4 ,on ! mu*-debat$ "q ( ,am]ican capital & ,am]ican ent]prise 9 ,great ,brita91#f ,mr4 ,spey] spoke no less to ! po9t4 ,he said t ^? :o und]took to provide ! metropolis ) an up-to-date sy/em ( locomotion %\ld be enc\rag$1 = !y p]=m$ a task t %\ld h be5 done tw5ty ye>s ago4 ,engli% capital _h _h e opportunity ( inve/m5t 9 und]gr\nd l9es1 & if only half ( ! five millions _h be5 subscrib$ 9 ?is c\ntry x 0 n ! fault ( ! promot]s4 ,!y w\ld h pref]r$ t ! ,und]gr\nd ,company %\ld h ,engli% %>ehold]s only1 b un=tunately !y _h _h to allot half ( ! %>es ( ! ,company to ,am]icans & =eign]s4 ,"o w\ld h ?\ght1 he said1 t !re w\ld h be5 m ke5ness 9 ,london to build its own und]gr\nd railways1 :i* w\ld s mat]ially add to ! well-be+ ( ! masses4 ,if ei!r ( ! propos$ l9es 7 situat$ 9 ,s\? ,africa1 ,au/ralia1 or ,klondyke1 ,london inve/ors w\ld h be5 tumbl+ ov] ea* o!r to subscribe4 ,b ! fault ( ^! l9es 0 t !y 7 at our own doors4 ,x 0 a fact1 incr$ible ?\gh x might seem1 t ! ri*e/ city 9 ! _w did n appe> able or will+ to provide ! funds = :at 0 really a public necessity--quick] transit4 ,s let !m he> no?+ m ( ,am]ican invasion1 if p "h /ood ) fold$ arms & all[$ o!rs to d ! "w :i* !y ought to h done !mselves2 = :ile !y p]si/$ 9 ?is non possumus attitude1 no "o c\ld blame ! ,company if !y w5t else:]e4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,prov9cial ,,tramways 8,!y %all measure to _! cities r\nd ab\t40--,,deut]onomy xxi4 #b4 ,,! ,,light ,,railways ,,act ,,( #ahif ,9 ! ye> #ahif an ,act ( ,p>liam5t 0 pass$ :i*1 x is no exagg]ation to say1 revolutionis$ tramway locomotion1 & 0 de/9$ to produce consequ5ces undreamt ( by ! promot]s ( ! measure4 ,"u ! ,tramways ,act ( #ahgj1 ,municipal ,corporations _h be5 ex]cis+ _! p[]s ( buy+ up exi/+ tramways1 work+ !m 9 ! int]e/s ( ! ratepay]s1 & ( g5]ally ent]+ into ! bus9ess ( provid+ a *eap & effici5t means ( trav]s+ ! area )9 _! b\nd>ies4 ,!y us$ ! new ,light ,railways ,act ( #ahif occasionally1 b only = ! promotion 7by two or m comb9$ local au?orities7 ( c]ta9 l9es runn+ ?r\gh sev]al di/ricts4 ,prior to #ahgj1 tramways1 l railways & canals1 _h to be promot$ by special ,bills1 & ! ,tramways ,act ( t ye> 0 int5d$ to facilitate _! con/ruction1 & to *eap5 & simplify ! me?od ( obta9+ p>liam5t>y p[]s1 ei!r by ,bill or by ! alt]native ( an application to ! ,bo>d ( ,trade = a ,provisional ,ord] au?oris+ ! con/ruction ( ! tramway1 ! said ,ord] be+ subsequ5tly confirm$ by an ,act ( ,p>liam5t introduc$ by ! ,bo>d4 ,! ,act ( #ahgj provid$ t no tram l9e %\ld be sanction$ )\t ! cons5t ( ! di/rict local au?ority1 & t ! local au?ority might buy up ! und]tak+ at ! end ( tw5ty-"o ye>s at its !n value--practically only ! wor? ( ! roll+-/ock & plant1 )\t any all[ance = ! goodwill ( a go+ conc]n4 ,9 ei!r case 7t ( a private ,bill 9 ,p>liam5t or a ,bo>d ( ,trade ,provisional ,ord]71 if a tramway 0 plann$ to run ?r\gh two or m di/ricts1 ! cons5t ( ! local au?orities hav+ jurisdiction ov] two-?irds ( ! l5g? ( ! l9e 0 suffici5t4 ,b ?is condition gave ! local au?orities own+ j ov] a ?ird ( ! r\te1 p[] to veto ! :ole s*eme4 ,"u ! same ,act1 l&1 o!rwise ?an by mutual agreem5t1 c\ld n be acquir$ by tramway promot]s4 ,up to #ahif1 electric tramway s*emes _h rema9$ 9 abeyance1 b ?\gh ! ,light ,railways ,act remov$ _m ob/acles to _! increase1 & made electric traction comm]cially possible1 x did n be/[ p]fect lib]ty ( action4 ,b ! fre% legislation on ! subject1 anticipat$ dur+ ?is ye>'s session ( ,p>liam5t1 w d\btless result 9 su* am5dm5t ( ! ,act z w aboli% all gr\nd ( compla9t on ! "p ( ! advocates ( ! indu/ry4 ,at ! "t ! #ahif measure became law1 h>dly any ,tramway ,company 9 ,great ,brita91 :e!r horse-drawn or /eam-propell$1 paid its way1 except 9 a few l>ge c5tres4 ,! companies knew t ! "t 0 draw+ ne> :5 !y c\ld be b\ght out by corporations2 s !y _h no inducem5t to make exp5sive re=ms2 & only by *>g+ high f>es1 & by avoid+ e possible =m ( capital-exp5diture1 c\ld !y keep _! heads above wat]4 ,_! und]tak+s1 "o & all1 sank into a /ate ( ineffici5cy1 & a /rong public feel+ arose 9 fav\r ( _! be+ re=m$1 & work$ ) improv$ c>s & at popul> t>iffs by local au?orities4 ,s1 "o by "o1 ^! bodies absorb$ ! private companies1 plac$ new roll+-/ock on ! l9es1 & adopt$ electrical traction1 to ! advantage ( ! public1 & 9 "o notable in/ance--t ( ,glasg[--x is claim$1 at great pecuni>y b5efit to ! ratepay]s also4 ,,municipal ,,tramway ,,und]tak+s ,?r\gh\t ! ,briti% ,isles ^! municipal tramway und]tak+s n[ fl\ri% & increase 9 numb]4 ,take a map1 & we %all see t ! coa/ l9e f ! ,nor? ,=el& to ,plym\? is dott$ ) t[ns provid$ ) electric trams1 :ile inl&1 ,camborne1 a ,corni% t9-m9+ c5tre1 m>ks _! we/]n ,engli% limit4 ,!n r\nd ,l&'s ,end along ! ,bri/ol ,*annel x is ! same4 ,s\? & ,nor? ,wales %[ a blank until ,ll&udno is rea*$4 ,!n up-to-date t[ns provid$ ) electric traction ?ick5 on ! ,lanca%ire coa/ z f> z ,fleetwood4 ,9 ! ,isle ( ,man !re are no few] ?an f\r electric tramways4 ,except at ,glasg[ & di/rict1 ! we/ ( ,scotl& is b>e ( any k9d ( tram1 & cont9ues s r\nd ! ,nor? ,cape & ! ,ea/ ,coa/ until we come to ,ab]de51 ,dundee1 & ,kirkcaldy4 ,next are clu/]s rea*+ f ,nor? ,%ields to ,middlesbr\gh4 ,aft] ?is1 electric trams are to be f\nd at ,hull1 ,great ,grimsby1 & ,y>m\?4 ,inl& are ?ree great c5tres--,liv]pool1 ,man*e/]1 & ,birm+ham--ar\nd :i* 8electrifi$0 t[ns ga!r ?ickly4 ,isolat$ ,gu]nsey & ! ,isle ( ,wight ea* possess an electric tram1 ! latt] be+ on ,ryde pi]4 ,9 ,irel& !re is a wide /ret* ( c\ntry1 empty & desolate f an electric tramway po9t ( view1 i4e4 f ! ,giant's ,causeway to ,cork1 except at ,newry1 ,dundalk1 ,lurgan1 & ,dubl94 ,by f> ! great] numb] ( ^! ,briti% & ,iri% tramways are on ! ov]head trolley sy/em4 ,! #ahif ,act provid$ = ! e/abli%m5t ( a ,light ,railways ,commission ( ?ree memb]s1 ^: special "w 0 to facilitate ! con/ruction & work+ ( tramways or light railways 9 ,great ,brita9 & ,irel&1 ! ,commission]s be+ appo9t$ by ! ,bo>d ( ,trade4 ,application = a ,light ,railway ,ord] may be made = a c\nty1 bor\gh1 or di/rict c\ncil by any individual1 corporation1 or company1 or jo9tly by c\ncils1 individuals1 corporations1 or companies4 ,applications h to be ref]r$ to ! ,commission]s 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 &1 if approv$ (1 are plac$ be=e ! ,bo>d ( ,trade = confirmation4 ,provision is made by ! ,act = ! pur*ase ( l& "u c]ta9 conditions specifi$ 9 ! ,l&s ,clauses ,act4 ,provision is also made = enabl+ local au?orities to acquire any und]tak+ ^: r\te passes ?r\gh _! di/rict1 ! "t & t]ms ( pur*ase be+ arrang$ by agreem5t betwe5 ! promot]s & ! municipalities1 ! t]ms ( sale1 usually ?irty-five ye>s' pur*ase1 be+ settl$ on ! basis ( a fair m>ket value ( ! l9e 9 full "w1 b ) no all[ance = compulsory acquisition4 ,local au?orities1 l&[n]s1 & adjac5t railway companies h ! "r to object to propos$ l9es4 ,! local au?orities1 h[ev]1 possess no p[] ( veto1 b g5]ally ! ,commission]s refuse applications f promot]s if _! s*emes are /rongly prote/$ aga9/ by ! municipalities conc]n$4 ,to :at ext5t ?is ,act has be5 tak5 advantage ( may be judg$ by ! fact t la/ ye> no few] ?an =ty-sev5 municipalities 7 /at$ to h disburs$1 or to h decid$ to disburse1 elev5 millions /]l+ 9 _! electric tramways4 ,9 sev]al in/ances ! municipality owns ! tramways & leases !m on c]ta9 conditions to l>ge companies or syndicates1 a k9d ( compromise betwe5 absolute urban control & unre/rict$ private ent]prise4 ,h[ x works 9 ! prov9ces c be und]/ood by tak+ z examples f\r ( ! l>ge/ cities 9 ,great ,brita91 viz41 ,glasg[1 ,liv]pool1 ,man*e/]1 & ,birm+ham4 ,,! ,,glasg[ ,,tramways ,glasg[1 ) a population ( "s sev5 hundr$ ?\s&1 possesses ! mo/ successful & lucrative sy/em ( municipal tramways 9 ! _w1 ! work+ = ! ye> end+ ,may1 #aijb1 on a capital exp5diture ( ne>ly two millions1 %[+ a gross rev5ue ( #fad1dac1 ) a gross balance ( #bjj1cga2 & s l>ge 0 ! res]ve fund 9 consequ5ce1 t x 0 appli$ to ! writ+ (f ( all exp5diture on ! old horse-traction plant & equipm5t1 s t ! capital acc\nt includ$ only ! exp5diture relat+ to ! new 7electrical7 sy/em ( locomotion4 ,9 ! language ( ! bookmak]s1 ! city ( ,glasg['s tramways /ood1 f9ancially1 on velvet4 ,9 #ahid ! ,corporation began ! s]vice ( tramways 7h]et(ore leas$ by x to a private company7 ) ev]y?+ new--build+s1 horses1 & c>s--_! policy be+ a v frequ5t s]vice at l[ f>es4 ,n satisfi$ ) horses1 !y soon began to se>* ab\t = "s bett] me?od ( traction1 & 9 #ahii resolv$ to sub/itute electricity on ! ov]head trolley sy/em1 & accord+ly ! *ange 0 effect$2 new l9es 7 f "t to "t con/ruct$1 until at ! pres5t mom5t ,glasg[ possesses1 includ+ leas$ l9es1 #adj miles ( s+le track & ne>ly six hundr$ d\ble & s+le-deck c>s4 ,unlike ! some:at haphaz>d fa%ion ( ,london1 ! ,glasg[ tramway l9es h be5 plann$ 9 a skilful mann] & on a def9ite sy/em1 to give means ( transit f ! nor? & s\? & ea/ & we/ ( ! city4 ,x is divid$ into five sep>ate & indep5d5t areas1 ea* suppli$ ) curr5t f its own sub-/ation1 b ^! areas c be int]connect$ if necess>y4 ,on a conv5i5t side ( ! ,clyde1 ) ample facilities = obta9+ coal & wat]1 is ! ma9 g5]at+ /ation1 built ) a /eel fram+ clo!d ) ,glasg[ pla/ic clay1 two great *imney-%afts1 #bfc feet high1 t[]+ above x4 ,9 ?is f9e build+ is conta9$ a mighty specim5 ( :at is call$ ! ?ree-phase di/ribution ( electrical en]gy1 ! sy/em be+ to create ! p[] at "o c5tre & di/ribute x ov] a wide area2 t is1 electricity is produc$ 9 ! =m ( ?ree-phase alt]nat+ curr5t at a pressure ( #f1ejj volts1 & s5t on to five outly+ sub-/ations1 :]e x is trans=m$ to a pot5tial ( #caj volts1 & !n conv]t$ f alt]nat+ into cont9u\s curr5t at #ejj volts1 = work+ ! c>s4 ,! total capacity ( ! ma9 /ation is3-- ,?ree-phase plant1 #aj1jjj kil[atts4 ,direct-curr5t plant1 #a1bjj kil[atts4 ,! eng9es us$ to produce ?is are ( #af1jjj h4p4 capacity1 :ile ea* ( ! g5]ators is ( ! great weight ( n9ety tons1 almo/ ! l>ge/ 9 exi/5ce = traction "w4 ,altoge!r1 ! tramway ent]prise ( ,glasg[ is 9 its magnitude & its good managem5t almo/ unique4 ,! size ( its p[]-h\se w be surpass$ by t :i* supplies ! ,electrifi$ ,metropolitan ,di/rict ,railway2 b ! wise & economical arrangem5t ( its traffic c h>dly be beat51 & is a model to o!r l>ge cities & t[ns contemplat+ ! adoption ( electric tramway traction4 ,,! ,,liv]pool ,,tramways ,on a l>ge scale are ! ,liv]pool ,corporation ,tramways1 ! total mileage be+ #abg ( s+le track1 ! roll+-/ock #dea c>s1 & ! capital a little ov] a million4 ,:5 ! ,corporation acquir$ ! ,liv]pool ,unit$ ,tramways & ,omnibus ,company's und]tak+1 9 #ahig1 !y at once decid$ to use electricity on ! ov]head trolley sy/em1 in/ead ( horses4 ,s+ul>ly graceful c5tre & bracket poles ) ar*$ arms & scroll-"w 7 adopt$ 9 ! wide ?or\ghf>es1 & 9 ! n>r[ /reets ! ov]head conductor-wire 0 upheld by rosettes atta*$ to build+s on ea* side4 ,! new c>s are rem>kably f9e & com=table1 & include ! ,cont95tal s+le-deck1 ) a side entrance1 & ! d\ble-deck1 ab\t #bg feet long1 ) doors at ! ends1 & ) ?ree l>ge1 well-curta9$ plate-glass w9d[s on ea* side4 ,a special k9d ( /aircase is fitt$ to ^! d\ble-deck]s to enable p1 ! ag$ & infirm 9 p>ticul>1 to desc5d 9 safety ev5 :5 ! c>s are 9 motion4 ,!y are also fitt$ ) useful revolv+ r\te-indicators1 :i*1 be+ illum9at$1 light up ! upp] deck z well4 ,no "o c grumble at ! f>es *>g$1 :i* are at ! rate ( "o p5ny p] /age ( two miles4 ,t ^! tramways are a great boon is %[n by ! enorm\s numb] ( pass5g]s--ne>ly #ajj1jjj1jjj--;c>ri$ la/ ye>4 ,at ,pumpfields1 ne> ! ,ex*ange & ,wat]loo ,goods ,/ations1 & at ,li/]1 ne> ,new%am ,p>k1 are ! p[] /ations1 ea* h\s+ plant ( #ae1jjj horse-p[] 7up to #g1ejj kil[att capacity74 ,! en]gy is di/ribut$ to sub-/ations1 & !nce to ! c>s at ! safe or?odox pressure ( #ejj volts4 ,! ,liv]pool tramway r\tes necessitate _m twi/+s & turn+s4 ,! junction ( l9es at ! int]section ( ! ,london ,road & ,lime ,/reet is a sight wor? see+1 !re be+ at t place special trackwork ) sixte5 po9ts4 ,,! ,,man*e/] ,,tramways ,man*e/]--fif? l>ge/ city 9 ! empire--has a wide di/rict to s]ve1 z ! ,corporation works c]ta9 tramways 9 su* di/ricts z ,/ockport1 ,heaton-,norris1 etc4 ,?us its track consi/s ( #aej miles ( s+le l9e1 & its roll+-/ock ( #fjj c>s1 work$ on ! ov]head trolley sy/em4 ,^! c>s are ( ?ree sizes1 & c>ry respectively #fg1 #dc1 & #bj pass5g]s1 ! smalle/ c>s be+ s+le-deck4 ,! l>g] ones h six nicely-drap$ plate-glass w9d[s on ea* side1 & ! uphol/]y1 fitt+s1 & light+ are excell5t4 ,! e/imat$ capital exp5diture is ! same z at ,glasg[1 two millions /]l+4 ,a speciality ( ! ,man*e/] ,tramways und]tak+ is its spl5did c> dept1 ! site cov]+ ?ree acres1 two & a half ( :i* is ro($ ov]4 ,! faade to ,boyle ,/reet is #gjj feet long1 & rem9ds "o ( "s l>ge & picturesque public s*ool1 a tramway-c> dept be+ ! la/ ?+ "o w\ld take x to be4 ,x is claim$ to be ! l>ge/ c>-%$ area 9 ,europe1 & ! cov]$-9 portion is ! mo/ ext5sive 9 ! _w4 ,9 ?is & ?ree o!r simil> %$s & a few small] ones else:]e all ! c>s are /abl$4 ,=m]ly !y 7 conc5trat$ 9 "o place4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ai4 ,,fa,,ade ,,( ,,que5',s ,,road ,,c>-,,%$1 ,,man*e/] ,,corporation ,,tramways ,by p]mission ( ! ,man*e/] ,corporation ,tramways4 ,! c>s are ( ! ,briti% ,?omson-,h\/on ,company type1 d\ble-motor$1 & are f9e examples ( elegance & solidity comb9$1 & fitt$ ) all ! late/ improvem5ts = ! com=t ( travell]s4 ,,! ,,birm+ham ,,tramways ,birm+ham1 z reg>ds tramways1 /&s 9 a peculi> position4 ,its city area is re/rict$2 x has only %ort l5g?s ( tram l9es1 & ^! require to be l9k$ up ) outly+ di/ricts4 ,! l9es 7 leas$ to ! ,city ( ,birm+ham ,tramways ,company1 b :e!r ! ,corporation w or w n take !m ov] n[1 has n yet be5 decid$4 ,h[ev]1 by a majority ( f\rte5 votes x has sanction$ ! sub/itution ( electricity on ! ov]head me?od1 & ?is is be+ proce$$ )2 & :5 ! trans=mation is complete ,birm+ham & di/rict w h an electric tramway sy/em ( ne>ly a hundr$ & t5 miles4 ,its tramways h always be5 popul>1 & at a *>ge ( a p5ny = a ?ree-mile ride--a record = *eapness--#ef1jjj pass5g]s made use ( !m on ,mafek+ ,day1 no small proportion ( a city ( #ebb1ahb inhabitants6 ,be=e quitt+ ! subject ( tramways1 x w be int]e/+ to note ! f>es *>g$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! _w4 ,9 ,london !y beg9 at a halfp5ny4 ,on ! ,cont95t !y v>y2 = example1 9 ,b]l9 ! f>e is #a;d4 = two miles1 & a halfp5ny = ea* additional mile2 9 ,p>is x is #c;d4 inside1 ) transf] ticket1 & #a;d4 on ! plat=ms1 or outside ! c>2 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburg #a;d4 & #a;d4 is ! f>e2 9 ,/ockholm x is ! curi\s sum ( #a;d42 9 ,flor5ce x is #a;d4 f ! suburbs to ! city1 & #a;d4 across ! city2 9 ,cape ,t[n x is #c;d4 = ?ree miles2 & 9 ,canada ! f>e av]ages #b;d41 & #e;d4 aft] midnight4 ,,prov9cial ,,rural ,,tramways ,! memorable "q once put to ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 8,:at is a p\nd80 to ?is day has n met ) a /rictly accurate reply4 ,! same may be said ( ! frequ5t inquiry1 8,:at con/itutes a ,light ,railway80 ,"u ! ,act ( #ahif a ,tube %\ld (ficially be describ$ z a ,light ,railway4 ,s %\ld a ,%all[ ,und]gr\nd1 an ,urban ,tramway1 & a ,rural ,tramway4 ,s1 too1 %\ld a ,brighton ,bea* ,l9e1 or any %ort tra9 runn+ along a pi]4 ,s also %\ld any railway l9e = ! c>ry+ ( m9]als1 work$ by heavy sixty-ton locomotives1 & haul+ five or six hundr$ tons ( ore at a "t6 ,r$uctio ad absurdum4 ,! orig9ators ( ! ,act did n def9e :at a ,light ,railway really is1 b !y evid5tly _h 9 _! m9ds1 int] alia1 t railways1 unre/rict$ by ,bo>d ( ,trade regulations z to f5c+1 sid+s1 gradi5ts1 & p]man5t /ations1 %\ld be p]mitt$ to run along ! high roads1 act+ z fe$]s to ! exi/+ l9es1 to ! b5efit ( ! small t[ns1 villages1 & f>ms ne> :i* !y pass$4 ,?us a pleas+ vision unfold$ itself ( reviv$ agricultural prosp]ity1 ( h&y little trams peacefully /eam+ along ! highways1 /opp+1 :5 hail$1 at "s conv5i5t corn]1 :]e ! f>m]s' waggons w\ld be 9 wait+ ) produce to be tak5 away to m>ket 9 ex*ange = goods deliv]$ to !m4 ,x 0 a promis+ idea1 = ! co/ ( con/ruction p] mile w\ld necess>ily be> no comp>ison ) t ( ord9>y heavy railways4 ,b 9 ?is =m ,light ,railways 7 n develop$4 ,agriculturi/s ab&on$ ! hope ( any imm$iate relief1 & x came to be recognis$ t ! ,act meant a developm5t1 n ( goods1 b ( pass5g] traffic1 & t1 s f> z extra-urban di/ricts 7 conc]n$1 ,light ,railways meant ,tramways1 j z !y did 9 t[n or city4 ,x may be ask$1 8,d n local railways answ] all requirem5ts ( ! ev]-increas+ population & already conge/$ di/ricts8 ,:]eab\ts are ^! c\ntry tramways t we he> s mu* ab\t8 & 9 :at respects are !y s useful & necess>y80 ,= goods ! network ( local railways cov]+ ! c\ntry is no d\bt fairly suffici5t1 & ev5tually1 :5 well-organis$ s]vices ( electric-motor waggons aid 9 fe$+ !m ) m]*&ise collect$ & deliv]$ at ! v doors ( consignor & consignee1 !y w fully answ] _! purpose2 b = l9k+ toge!r city1 t[n1 village1 & hamlet 9 ! int]e/s ( work+-m5--9 _m di/ricts ! *ief cu/om]s--!y are almo/ useless4 ,= ?is class1 wi%+ to get ab\t quickly--go+ to & f _! daily toil1 pay+ visits to _! sport+ pals1 att5d+ dog %[s1 football mat*es1 etc41 tak+ _! wives & *ildr5 %opp+1 & on holidays go+ "s di/ance afield--a local railway1 ev5 if close by1 is ( little use1 ) its rigid "t-table1 its fix$ /opp+-places1 its high f>es1 & its g5]al =mality4 ,:at !y want$1 & :at1 until ! introduction ( electric traction1 !y wait$ pati5tly =1 0 a s]vice ( com=table c>s1 t w\ld pass _! h\ses e few m9utes1 & w\ld take !m long /ages =1 at ! utmo/1 a twop5ny f>e4 ,to meet ?is want1 9 v>i\s p>ts ( rural ,engl&1 m especially 9 ,/af=d%ire1 horse & /eam tramways 7 tri$1 b ! latt] me?od1 f me*anical reasons1 prov$ to be a failure4 ,! rails weigh$ b #de lbs4 to ! y>d2 !y 7 set 9 iron *airs & laid on wood5 sleep]s1 & ! eng9es 7 ( ! locomotive v]tical boil] type4 ,soon x 0 f\nd t ! weight ( ! wat] damag$ ! locomotive1 & ! incessant vibration & p\nd+ %ook ! track s mu* z to necessitate con/ant r5ewal1 & ! exp5diture became s great t _m private ,/eam ,tram ,companies ei!r w\nd up1 7 recon/ruct$1 or 7 tak5 ov] by ! local au?orities4 ,unattractive 0 ! appe>ance ( ^! old-/yle tramc>s--great cumb]some1 top-heavy1 two-/ori$ /ructures1 drawn by :at look$ l a big iron box ) a black funnel pok+ ?r\gh its lid4 ,!y 7 dirty1 !y smelt1 ! s]vice 0 irregul> & sl[1 & ! f>es 7 too high4 ,,manufactur+ ,,c5tres--,,great ,,brita9 ,/udy+ an up-to-date map ( ,great ,brita91 "o is /ruck by ! fact t 9 ! di/ribution ( cities1 t[ns1 & villages x resembles ! /ell> sy/em1 ) ,london z ! gov]n+ c5tral body1 :ile less] planets1 ea* surr\nd$ by gr\ps ( satellites 7n v bright ones1 x is true71 v>y+ 9 size & importance1 repres5t subord9ate /> c5tres4 ,^! h gr[n1 & /ill gr[ bigg] & bigg]1 ! suburbs ( a l>ge t[n rea*+ out f>!r & f>!r until !y t\* ! outskirts ( ! next t[n1 s t 9 "s di/ricts an ov]gr[? ( h\ses & factories cov]s _m a squ>e mile4 ,9 ! quiet old days t are gone1 a work+-man1 p>ticul>ly if a weav]1 c\ld lab\r f> away 9 ! c\ntry 9 "s m9iature work%op or 9 8 own little room at home4 ,b = ye>s pa/ he has be5 compell$ to trudge backw>ds & =w>ds to "s big factory or mill1 :]e /eam-p[] 0 conc5trat$1 & run ^u s economical a pr9ciple1 t outside ( x ! individual workman _h no *ance ( ga9+ ev5 ! b>e/ livelihood4 ,) ! adv5t ( /eam ! villages 9 c]ta9 p>ts ( ,engl& 7 ab&on$ = ! t[n1 :]e clu/]s ( great work%ops _h sprung up4 ,a new ord] ( ?+s arose1 & op]atives1 if !y c\ld1 liv$ )9 ! t[n b\nd>ies4 ,b z rates1 taxes1 & r5t increas$1 !y conc5trat$ 9 outly+ hamlets1 )9 walk+ ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bj4 ,,view ,,ne> ,,dudley ,,/ation1 ,,s\? ,,/af=d%ire1 ,,%[+ ,a ,,/eam ,,tram-,,c> ,by p]mission ( ! ,manual ( ,electrical ,und]tak+s1 ,ltd41 ,london di/ance ( _! "w4 ,?us ^! hamlets gradually became t[nlets1 & ev5tually t[ns1 :i* 9 _! turn develop$ into c5tres ( indu/ries--less] lights revolv+ r\nd ! great]4 ,all ov] ! k+dom manufactur+ indu/ries h a natural t5d5cy to settle d[n 9 p>ticul> localities fav\r$ by ! proximity ( ! raw mat]ial1 & by railway or wat] facilities4 ,?us ,dundee1 ,ab]de51 & ! ,nor? ( ,irel& are associat$ ) l95 & /rong textiles2 ! ,ea/]n c\nties & ,l9coln%ire ) agriculture2 ,w>wick%ire & ,york%ire ) ma*9]y2 ,burton-on-,tr5t ) be]2 ,cov5try & ,nott+ham ) cycles2 & s on4 ,any intellig5t s*oolboy c\ld reel (f a li/ ( su* t[ns & _! products4 ,swansea1 ) its great works = smelt+ copp] & t9 ore--! =m] br\ght f ,s\? ,au/ralia1 ,*ili1 & ,cornwall2 ! latt] f ! ,/raits ,settlem5ts & ,cornwall--& its manufactories ( t9 plates1 bolts1 & z9c goods1 is ! c5tre = neighb\r+ t[ns associat$ ) its indu/ries1 su* z ,por?1 ,pontypridd1 & ,p5>?1 :i*1 toge!r ) ! ,mumbles1 are p>tially l9k$ toge!r by tramways4 ,glasg[1 :]e %ipbuild+1 arm\r-plate roll+1 & locomotive con/ruct+ fl\ri%1 has ar\nd x ! t[ns ( ,g\rock1 ,gre5ock1 ,ro!say1 ,coatbridge1 & ,bridge ( ,allan1 all m or less comm]cially int]e/$ 9 ! great nor!rn city4 ,newca/le-on-,tyne & ,sund]l&1 headqu>t]s ( ,engl&'s %ipbuild+1 are surr\nd$ by places connect$ ) or engag$ 9 k9dr$ indu/ries1 z ,tynem\?1 ,/ockton1 ! ,h>tlepools1 ,gate%ead1 ,j>r[1 & ,nor? & ,s\? ,%ields--! la/ f\r practically suburbs ( ,newca/le--a f9e field = electric tramways4 ,!n 9 ,york%ire we h su* c5tres ( ! l95 & wooll5 int]e/s z ,le$s1 ,brad=d1 ,hudd]sfield1 ,halifax1 etc41 begirt ) t[nlets :i* are 9 process ( be+ int]connect$2 & fur!r s\?1 9 ,s\? ,lanca%ire1 ,burnley1 ,oldham1 ,a%ton1 ,blackburn1 ,pre/on1 ,ro*dale1 ,bolton1 ,man*e/]1 & ,liv]pool1 toge!r ) endless small] places--e "o ( !m engag$ 9 our gigantic cotton trade--cov] l>ge ?ickly populat$ areas1 suppli$ ) tramway means ( int]communication4 ,,! ,,black ,,c\ntry ,,& ,,! ,,pott]ies ,a rem>kable in/ance ( ! localisation ( special indu/ries1 & ( a city begirt ) good-siz$ t[ns1 is to be f\nd 9 ! ,s\? ,/af=d%ire ,black ,c\ntry1 its c5tral sun be+ ! city ( ,birm+ham4 ,:ile 9 ! ,pott]ies are a numb] ( small t[ns almo/ t\*+ "o ano!r--/> clu/]s1 de/9$ maybe ev5tually to coalesce into a s+le planet ( ! fir/ magnitude4 ,"h humanity sw>ms4 ,alight+ f a tra9 at any wayside /ation 9 ! ,s\? or ,we/ ( ,engl&1 if "o walks along ! ma9 road1 & avoids ! villages1 "o may g = miles )\t meet+ a s\l4 ,! ,london]1 ^: n]ves h be5 un/rung & j>r$ by incessant contact & friction ) 8 fell[-citiz5s = mon?s at a /ret*1 has only to j\rney a few miles1 say to ,*]tsey1 ,ewell1 ,epsom1 or any:]e 9 ,h]ts or ,surrey1 & 9 a few mom5ts he f9ds a peaceful solitude n likely to be di/urb$ save by pass+ cycles or motor-c>s4 ,b 9 ! ,midl&s1 & = t matt] any:]e 9 ! ,nor?1 x is diff]5t4 ,!re ! bulk ( ,brita9's population is conc5trat$4 ,"o _c g = a /roll )\t com+ across individuals ( all ages1 :o1 al?\gh accu/om$ to see _m p1 />e at e /rang] aft] a fa%ion unkn[n 9 ! home c\nties1 z if he or %e 7 a w&]] f ano!r planet4 ,& %\ld x be a *ild ^: curiosity is ?us ar\s$1 he w probably foll[ ! /rang] = miles1 gap+ at no?+6 ,9 ! pa/1 ! mann]s & cu/oms ( ! ,black ,c\ntry folk 7 decid$ly r\gh1 bas$ on ! pr9ciple ( a bl[ fir/ & an explanation aft]w>ds4 ,b ?is little trait has1 "u ! mod]n influ5ce ( int]-communication ) ! out] _w1 be5 consid]ably modifi$4 ,!y "w h>d & 8play0 h>d1 & are giv5 to week-end excursions & an annual 8out+0 to ,blackpool1 ,s\?port1 ,ly?am1 or o!r fav\rite seaside resort4 ,!y e>n good wages &1 if /eady1 quickly save money & live 9 com=table h\ses ( _! own2 b if o!rwise1 _! 8good pay0 only accel]ates ! wret*$ness ( _! surr\nd+s4 ,lavi% ) _! ca%1 !y are hospitable 9 ! extreme2 great consum]s ( pla9 beef & mutton1 sweets & kick%aws !y relegate to ! wom5 & *ildr52 b !y no long]--z 0 affirm$ ( puddl]s & m9]s dur+ ! boom ( _m ye>s ago--dr9k *ampagne & fe$ _! bull-pups on lo9-*ops & rump-/eak4 ,!y are ke5 on dogs1 pigeons1 & s++-birds4 ,dog-fights are a ?+ ( ! pa/1 ( c\rse1 b x is :isp]$ t suspici\sly high-br$ gamecocks are /ill to be se5 sub-rosa ?r\gh\t ! di/rict6 ,altoge!r !y are n half z black z !y are pa9t$2 nei!r is ! aspect ( _! c\ntry1 ?\gh except 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,birm+ham x c h>dly be call$ picturesque4 ,!y repres5t ! /urdy old ,midl& ,engli%1 indep5d5t & brusque1 ^: confid5ce once ga9$ w n be betray$4 ,"h1 !n1 9 ! c\ntry call$ 8,black10 is a conc5tration ( indu/rial c5tres1 ea* possess+ great natural weal? ( coal & iron1 & turn+ out 9 enorm\s quantities cutl]y1 anvils1 bolts1 buttons1 ironwork ( all k9ds1 guns1 h+es1 locomotives1 nails1 p5s1 p9s1 rails1 rifles1 screws1 t9 & z9c-l9$ goods1 tools1 tubes1 etc4 ,9 its eighty-squ>e-mile area1 betwe5 ,wolv]hampton & ! headqu>t]s ( 8,*amb]la9ism0 on ! "o side1 & ,/\rbridge & ,walsall on ! o!r1 dwell ov] a million p1 di/ribut$ among "s tw5ty-"o t[ns rang+ 9 size & population f ,qu>ry ,bank 7#h1jjj inhabitants7 to ,wolv]hampton 7#id1jjj71 & includ+ su* famili> places z ,h&swor? 7#ch1jjj71 ,/\rbridge 7#ag1jjj71 ,tipton 7#cc1jjj71 ,w$nesbury 7#bi1jjj71 & ,we/ ,bromwi* 7#fh1jjj71 all busily engag$ 9 ! indu/ries be=e m5tion$4 ,su* 9 a few words is ! ,black ,c\ntry di/rict1 :i* ! adjo9+ ,pott]ies closely resembles4 ,a m promis+ field = tramway ent]prise c\ld h>dly exi/4 ,no wond] t ,george ,francis ,tra9 9 #ahfj select$ ,nor? ,/af=d%ire = "o ( 8 e>lie/1 ?\gh unsuccessful1 v5tures--a two-mile tramway f ,h>tley to ,burslem1 9 ! v he>t ( ! ,pott]ies4 ,,! ,,new ,,ord] ,,( ,,rural ,,tramways ,subsequ5tly tramway companies came on ! sc5e1 ) horses & /eam traction1 &--9 "o in/ance--) electricity4 ,!re 7 five di/9ct ent]prises3 ! ,s\? ,/af=d%ire ,tramways ,company1 ! ,birm+ham & ,midl& ,tramways ,company1 ! ,dudley & ,wolv]hampton ,tramways ,company1 ! ,wolv]hampton ,tramways ,company1 & ! ,dudley1 ,/\rbridge1 & ,di/rict ,electric ,traction ,company 7a %ort l9e ( ab\t f\r miles74 ,n only 7 ^! l9es entirely sep>at$ & disconnect$1 involv+ t$i\s *ang+ ( c>s1 b two ( ! five 7 actually ( diff]5t gauge f ! re/1 mak+ ?r\gh communication impossible4 ,x 0 no sy/em1 m]ely a conglom]ation ( disjecta membra4 ,! tramway condition ( ! di/rict became ?or\ghly unsatisfactory1 utt]ly inadequate to ! ne$s ( ! travell+ public4 ,matt]s gradually w5t f bad to worse1 & a f9ancial ,"l ,kit*5] 0 urg5tly ne$$ to remodel ev]y?+4 ,he appe>$ 9 ! =m ( a p[]ful organisation1 ! ,briti% ,electric ,traction ,company1 ) a %>e capital ( #d1jjj1jjj1 :i* ent]$ into negotiations ) ! v>i\s companies & ) ! local au?orities controll+ no few] ?an tw5ty-two di/ricts1 into :i* ! ,black ,c\ntry area is divid$4 ,! proposition 0 to comb9e all ! ,black ,c\ntry tramways into "o great sy/em to be work$ by electricity 9 ! mo/ up-to-date mann]1 to give frequ5t s]vice1 to ensure rapid & com=table communication betwe5 all p>ts1 to /raight5 ?+s out well1 & to adopt ?is motto1 8,"o managem5t1 "o me?od1 "o gauge10 provid$ ! local au?orities w\ld = "s ye>s susp5d _! rights "u ! ,acts ( #ahgj & #ahif to buy ! tramways = practically ! wor? ( old iron4 ,"s ( ! local au?orities ?\ght well ( x4 ,o!rs did n1 cont5d+ t !y1 & n ! ,company1 ought to und]take ! re=m2 :ile ! re/ saddl$ _! adh]5ce to ! s*eme ) su* impossible conditions1 t ! negotiations dragg$ we>ily on1 & x 0 "s "t be=e ! great s*eme 0 f9ally c>ri$ ?r\gh at ! co/ ( mu* tr\ble ) ! local au?orities 9 ! matt] ( r\tes select$ = ! requisite ext5sions4 ,9 "o in/ance ! l9e1 in/ead ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ba4 ,,view ,,at ,,ca/le ,,hill1 ,,dudley1 ,,s\? ,,/af=d%ire4 ,,%[+ ,,an ,,electric ,,tram-,,c> ,by p]mission ( ! ,manual ( ,electrical ,und]tak+s1 ,ltd41 ,london4 ( be+ c>ri$ 9 ! natural way direct to ! urban b\nd>ies ( a l>ge t[n1 0 compell$ by ! au?orities ( ! area involv$ to turn (f at an angle & to ga9 access to ! t[n 9 an utt]ly r\ndab\t fa%ion1 mu* z if 9 ,london1 "o 0 oblig$ 9 approa*+ ,/4 ,paul's by ,ludgate ,hill to deflect up ! ,old ,bailey1 & to rea* ! ca!dral by way ( ,newgate ,/reet4 ,"o ?+ only is /ill want$ to make ?is ,light ,railway s*eme 7typical ( o!r simil> ones7 p]fect1 & ?is is t its c>s %\ld h runn+ p[]s "r into ,birm+ham & o!r l>ge t[ns1 & x is to be hop$ t be=e ?is book is publi%$ !y w be grant$4 ,travell]s d n want to *ange c>s :5 !y arrive at ! municipal b\nd>y4 ,!y want to move f "o c5tre ( population to ! o!r1 to get 9 at ! ,birm+ham />t+-po9t1 & to get out 9 ! c5tre ( ,walsall1 ,we/ ,bromwi*1 or ,wolv]hampton1 z ! case may be1 or ev5 to g )\t *ang+ z f> z ,k9v]1 on ! edge ( ! ,black ,c\ntry1 a fav\rite holiday resort hi!rto inaccessible to ! manufactur+ population4 ,9 ! ,nor? ,/af=d%ire ,pott]ies ! ,briti% ,electric ,traction ,company has pursu$ ! same policy z 9 ! ,black ,c\ntry ) excell5t result1 z may be judg$ by ! numb] ( pass5g]s 9 #aija4 ,9 ! ,pott]ies & ! ,black ,c\ntry _m millions made use ( ! tramways1 ! sy/em ?r\gh\t be+ t ( ! ov]head trolley1 & ! comb9$ l5g? ( track ab\t #ge miles4 ,,local ,,au?orities ,,& ,,rural ,,tramways ,! :ole "q ( local au?ority 9 its relation to rural tramways ne$s settl+ on a s\nd common-s5se ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bb4 ,,camps ,,bay1 ,,cape ,,t[n1 ,,& ,,seapo9t ,,tramways ,by ,p]mission ( ,dick ,k]r ,co41 ,london4 basis1 mak+ ! requirem5ts ( travell]s ! dom9at+ object to ! exclusion ( petty diff]5ces & local aspirations & jeal\sy4#g ,if ,great ,brita9 is to be network$ ) ^! h&y means ( transport1 & ! int]spaces ( t[n & village bridg$ ov] ) cobweb l9es ( trams1 an ,act ( ,p>liam5t %\ld settle a univ]sal gauge1 & on equitable t]ms provide = free runn+ p[]s1 :e!r 9 t[n or c\ntry1 & enc\rage an int]*ange ( traffic4 ,x is con/antly urg$ t x is bett] = cities & great t[ns to create tramway l9es ( _! own1 & "w !m )9 _! own b\nd>ies1 & t ! task ( deal+ ) ! rural int]spaces %\ld be left to ! small t[ns & areas1 & n to private ent]prise4 ,! oppon5ts ( ?is pr9ciple argue t "o great objection to municipal trams is t !y are compell$ to "w )9 artificial local b\nd>ies1 & t !re are grave drawbacks to municipal trad+ 9 any =m4 ,z to ! int]spaces1 to "w !m by !mselves w\ld nev] pay1 & any int]spac$ tramway sy/em w\ld be almo/ useless )\t intimate connection ) urban c5tres z fe$]s1 :i* is only obta9able by ! uni=m control af=d$ "u jo9t /ock ent]prise4 ,besides--say ! objectors to municipal or rural c\ncil control--if private work+ is ! mo/ economical way ( runn+ tramways 9 int]spaces1 x %\ld be /ill m economical 9 t[ns4 ,surely1 !re=e1 !re w\ld be no h>d%ip 9 re/rict+ ! developm5t ( urban & rural tramways to local au?orities wield+ p[] ov] areas ( a c]ta9 size & importance1 & ! loss to small communities ( ! p[] ( objection or veto to l>ge s*emes ought n to be felt by !m4 ,!y & ! l&[n]s %\ld take w>n+ f ! hi/ory ( railways1 & enc\rage 9 e way ! introduction & ext5sion ( tramways1 :i* 9 remote di/ricts w\ld va/ly relieve ! t$ium ( exi/5ce1 enabl+ lab\r]s & o!rs to tempor>ily ex*ange "s dull little village = ! comp>atively lively m>ket t[n at a nom9al co/4 ,:]eas1 9 _m in/ances1 in/ead ( welcom+ ?is h]ald ( a bright] & less monoton\s life1 too (t5 is repeat$ ! sc5e immortalis$ 9 ,pun* "s ye>s ago4 ,a brickfield3 8,bill1 :o's t *ap80 8,d'ant "k4 ,a /rang]1 ,i %\ld ?9k40 8,!n heave 'arf a brick at 8 'ed40 ,capitali/s %\ld be enc\rag$ to emb>k 9 tramway ent]prises t are b\nd to be b5eficial to ev]ybody1 & 9 :i* !y w\ld be entitl$ to a fair return ( int]e/2 = truly ! lab\r] is wor?y ( 8 rew>d4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,! ,,%all[ ,,und]gr\nd ,,sy/em 8,?r\gh ! fai?less excavat$ soil ,see ! unwe>y'd ,briton delves 8 way40 ,,blackmore4 ,,9 ,,london ,hi!rto we h be5 consid]+ ,metropolitan ,electric ,railways con/ruct$ at consid]able dep?s bel[ ! surface1 or lift$ up on high1 z at ! ,liv]pool ,docks4 ,!re is ano!r sy/em1 h[ev]1 & "o t is /rongly advocat$ by ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil1 at pres5t *iefly z a means ( l9k+ toge!r exi/+ tram l9es by tak+ ! c>s und]gr\nd ?r\gh conge/$ areas & br++ !m to ! surface aga9 :]e ! traffic is less d5se4 ,9 its ev]-increas+ conge/$ condition1 ,london rem9ds u ( a pati5t afflict$ ) dropsy ( long /&+1 susceptible to occasional alleviation1 b hopelessly incurable4 ,9 ,tudor1 ,/u>t1 & ,hanov]ian days ! t[n gave no signs ( ?is malady2 b ) ,que5 ,victoria's reign ! g]ms ( x became evid5t1 & n[ ! giant city lies pro/rate 9 a /ate ( helplessness t has baffl$ ! mo/ skilful eng9e]+ physicians1 ^: rem$ies1 tra9s & trams & tubes1 h be5 successful only 9 giv+ tempor>y relief to ! suff]]1 :o =?) resumes & ev5 increases 8 orig9al bulk4 ,= ages ! ocean1 )\t break+ its b\nds1 has absorb$ ! riv]s & /reams runn+ into x2 b imag9e ! process rev]s$1 & ! ,engli% & ,iri% ,*annels & ! ,nor? ,sea unre/rict$ly p\r+ _! torr5ts into ! ,?ames1 ! ,=?1 or ! ,liffey6 ,only "o result c\ld ensue4 ,! *annels ?us gorg$ ) wat]1 _! curr5ts w\ld cease to fl[4 ,a simil> fate ?reat5s ,london1 into ^: n>r[ & inela/ic fairways an ,atlantic ( traffic is ev] p\r+4 ,"o day ! curr5t w be unable to fl[1 & !re w be a p]man5t condition ( 8block40 ,!n1 & only !n1 p]haps1 w a p>tial migration ( t[n to c\ntry br+ ab\t a m natural /ate ( ?+s1 & save ?is colossal city f utt] collapse4 ,^! %all[ tramways ( ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil are a novelty 9 ,engl&1 b on a l>ge scale h be5 successfully adopt$ 9 ,p>is1 ,buda-,pe/h1 ,bo/on1 & ,new ,york4 ,at pres5t ! %all[ subway :i* ! ,c\ncil has be5 au?oris$ to con/ruct at a total co/ ( #bgi1jjj1 comm5ces at ,!obald's ,road1 ,holborn1 :]e x =ms a junction ) an exi/+ surface tramway1 ! prop]ty ( ! ,c\ncil4 ,!nce ! l9e falls 9 level1 until1 9 ,s\?ampton ,r[1 x runs b5ea? ! /reet1 :5ce1 9 a tr5* ( inconsid]able dep?1 x passes along ! new ?or\ghf>e1 ,k+sway1 f ,s\?ampton ,r[ to ! new ,/r& cresc5t1 ,aldwy*4 ,!re x turns t[>ds ! ,embankm5t1 on ga9+ :i* ne> ,wat]loo ,bridge x aga9 comes out to ! surface4 ,9 its total l5g? ( ab\t five-eigh?s ( a mile x has f\r /ations4 ,its motive p[] is electricity on ! und]gr\nd conduit ?ird rail sy/em4 ,! c>s1 runn+ s+ly1 & at frequ5t int]vals1 are s+le-deck$4 ,x claims = its pr9ciple t ! /ation plat=ms are readily accessible1 s t in/ead ( hav+ to desc5d a great numb] ( /eps1 or to ent] a lift to rea* ! c>s1 pass5g]s arrive !re by means ( a %ort well-light$ /airway2 t ! v5tilation ( ! tunnels is p]fect1 & ! spe$ ( ! c>s equal to t ( ! tra9s1 & z !y run s+ly & close toge!r1 long waits are avoid$1 & ?us !y are specially suit$ = %ort-di/ance travell+4 ,x also claims a g5]al immunity f vibration4 ,to ?or\ghly und]/& h[ a complete sy/em ( %all[ und]gr\nd works we mu/ g abroad to ,p>is1 ,buda-,pe/h1 ,bo/on1 & ,new ,york4 ,i may rem>k t 9 describ+ ?is sy/em a c]ta9 am\nt ( repetition is inevitable4 ,,p>is ,p>is has its 8,twop5ny ,tube10 or r its equival5t4 ,on ,july #cj?1 #aijj1 ,london]s = ! fir/ "t travell$ by a deep-level l9e f ! ,city to ,%eph]ds ,bu%1 a di/ance ( #egg miles2 & a few days e>li]1 on ! #ai? ( ! same mon?1 ! ,electrical ,*em9 de ,f] ,mtropolita9 de ,p>is--! ma9 *annel ( an elaborate sy/em t l9ks toge!r e di/rict ( ! capital--0 op5$ = traffic4 ,?is *ief art]y connects at ! =tifications1 ! ,porte ,maillot ) ! ,porte de ,v9c5nes1 a di/ance ( #ff miles4 ,9 o!r words1 x crosses ,p>is diagonally f nor?-we/ to s\?-ea/2 f a po9t at ! nor? ( ! ,bois de ,b\logne to ano!r at ! nor? ( ! ,bois de ,v9c5nes2 ! eighte5 /ations 7includ+ t]m9als7 on ! ma9 l9e be+ ,porte ,maillot1 ,rue ,d',obligado1 ,place de ,l',etoile 7,arc de ,triomphe71 ,av5ue de ,l',alma1 ,rue ,m>buf1 ,*amps ,elyses1 ,place de la ,concorde1 ,tuil]ies1 ,palais ,royal1 ,l\vre1 ,*telet1 ,hotel de ,ville1 ,/4 ,paul1 ,place de la ,ba/ille1 ,g>e de ,lyons1 ,rue de ,reuilly1 ,place de la ,nation1 & ,porte de ,v9c5nes4 ,on ! ,mtropolita9 !re is a ?ree-m9utes' s]vice ( tra9s dur+ ! day1 & a six-m9utes' s]vice at night4 ,on ! ,london ,tube ! int]vals v>y f two-&-a-half to ?ree-&-a-half m9utes 9 ! day1 :ile at night !y are ! same z 9 ,p>is1 bo? railways be+ op5 = "s tw5ty h\rs out ( ! tw5ty-f\r4 ,9 ,p>is two classes ( pass5g]s are provid$ =3 fir/ & second4 ,! =m] are call$ ^u to pay #b;d41 ! latt] #a;d41 = any l5g? ( j\rney4 ,up to n9e a4m41 second-class1 or workm5's tickets1 are issu$ = #b;d41 ! return half be+ available = ! rema9d] ( ! day4 ,?us1 z reg>ds date ( op5+1 l5g? ( l9e1 s]vice ( tra9s1 & av]age f>es1 !re is a close simil>ity betwe5 ! ,engli% & ,fr5* l9es2 b ! sy/em is widely diff]5t4 ,9 ,london we burr[ deep2 9 ,p>is !y g j b5ea? ! surface1 ! au?orities aft] mu* hesitation hav+ adopt$ ! %all[ und]gr\nd sy/em4 ,our ,tube tra9s are %ot ?r\gh huge iron pipes p5etrat+ ! subsoil at dep?s v>y+ f sixty to a hundr$ feet1 & to get at ! rail level1 pass5g]s mu/ take a p]p5dicul> j\rney 9 a big lift4 ,b _! ,p>isian c\nt]p>ts trip d[n a few /eps & along a brightly-light$1 :ite-til$ tunnel1 s beautifully v5tilat$ & smokeless--electricity be+ ! motive p[]--t an en?usia/ic exp]t decl>es its atmosph]e to be 8p]fectly clean & sweet40 ,! tunnels are z ne> ! surface z possible1 & on ! great] "p ( ! l9e ! key/ones ( ! masonry ar*es are only ab\t #c feet #f in*es bel[ ! /reet level4 ,! excavations 7 at fir/ attempt$ by means ( %ields1 z 9 8tubul>0 "w2 b ?is _h to be ab&on$ 9 fav\r ( ! "t-hon\r$ 8cut & cov]0 plan employ$ 9 ! con/ruction ( our e>ly und]gr\nd railway4 ,:5 ! great ,p>isian s*eme is complet$ ^u a tw5tie?-c5tury model1 mu* m f9i%$ & conv5i5t 9 _m ways ?an any ( ours 9 ,london1 x w comprise a total l5g? ( #chhf miles ( track1 sev5-t5?s be+ laid 9 %all[ cov]$ tr5*es1 ! rema9d] 9 op5 cutt+s or on viaducts1 ! entire co/ be+ e/imat$ at twelve million /]l+4 ,an int]e/+ feature ( ! s*eme is t ea* section is self-conta9$ & ends 9 loops1 s t %unt+ is obviat$4 ,no tra9s run f any "o di/ant /rip ( l9e into ano!r1 b :]e !re are cross+s1 or :]e ! t]m9i t\*1 !re are /ations to facilitate *ang+4 ,?is arrangem5t ensures a rapid s]vice1 ma9ta9$ ) regul>ity & punctuality on ea* section4 ,l our 8,tube10 ! success ( ! ,p>isian ,mtropolita9 0 f ! fir/ imm5se1 & at ! end ( t5 mon?s %[$ a return ( ov] =ty million pass5g]s4 ,,buda-,,pe/h ,along ! ,b\lev>d ,&rassy at ,buda-,pe/h !re is a %all[ electric tramway built ^u simil> pr9ciples1 a few feet "u ! ma9 ?or\ghf>e1 :i* is by no means a failure1 f9ancially or o!rwise4 ,,bo/on ,n[ let u cross ! ,atlantic1 & note :at has be5 effect$ at ,bo/on & ,new ,york4 ,! =m]--! picturesque old-_w capital ( ! ,/ate ( ,massa*usetts1 ) its population ( ov] a million--is famili>is$ to e s*oolboy :o kn[s any?+ ( hi/ory & ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce1 ) ! city :]e ! tea 0 ?r[n into ! h>b\r by ,colonials disguis$ z ,mohawks1 an incid5t t indirectly br\ght ab\t ! creation ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x is a city also sacr$ to lit]ati z be+ ! home ( ,na?aniel ,haw?orne1 & is s old-fa%ion$--or s excessively up-to-date1 :i*ev] y please--t1 until rec5tly1 nei!r cabs1 omnibuses1 tubes1 or und]gr\nd railways 7 to be f\nd )9 its b\nd>ies4 ,:at ) ! unev5 surface & ! labyr9? ( ! /reets1 ,bo/on is picturesque 9 spite ( itself1 & its old build+s emphasize ?is4 ,!re are ! two ,new ,engl& meet+-h\ses4 ,! 8,old ,s\?0 has be5 pr\dly pres]v$ 9 its anci5t /ate1 al?\gh ! gr\nd on :i* x /&s is almo/ z valuable z t 9 ! ,city ( ,london4 ,ar*itecturally1 x is a brick b>n1 ) a pret5ti\sly ugly /eeple4 8,old ,nor?0 has an equally pla9 body1 b f its /eeple1 z a tablet affix$ to x sets =?1 8! signal lant]n ( ,paul ,rev]e w>n$ ! c\ntry ( ! m>* ( ! ,briti% troops to ,lex+ton & ,concord40 ,k+'s ,*apel1 ano!r ecclesia/ical antiquity ( ,bo/on1 01 = a qu>t] ( a c5tury aft] #agdi1 ! place ( wor%ip ( ! (ficial ,briti% colony1 & accord+ly became an eyesore to ! e>ne/ puritanical ,bo/onians4 ,b ,bo/on _c1 l ,*>le/[n1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 boa/ ( a ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,*ur*1 fam\s = its beautiful /eeple1 s greatly resembl+ t ( ,/4 ,m>t9's-9-!-,fields z to sugge/ t probably !y 7 bo? design$ by ! same ar*itect1 ,gibbs1 "o ( ,wr5's pupils4 ,9 ! ,act pass$ by ! ,/ate ,legislature au?oris+ ! con/ruction ( ! ,bo/on subway1 x 0 /ipulat$ t its l5g? %\ld be "s five miles1 & its total co/ n m ?an "o & a half million p\nds /]l+4 ,! con/ruction ( ! subway 0 begun at ! ,public ,g>d5s1 :]e an incl9e1 a hundr$ y>ds long1 c>ries ! surface l9es into ! tunnel1 pass+ "u ! edge ( ,bo/on ,common to ,tremont ,/reet4 ,x is jo9$ by a bran* subway f ,pleasant ,/reet1 :]e ano!r incl9e leads to ! surface4 ,f ?is junction ! subway proce$s b5ea? ! ,tremont ,/reet side ( ! ,common to ,p>k ,/reet1 :i* is ! c5tral po9t ( ! sy/em4 ,!nce x is c>ri$ directly b5ea? ,tremont ,/reet to ,scollay ,squ>e1 & by means ( a bifurcation "u ,hanov] ,/reet on ! "o h& & ,cornhill on ! o!r to a junction "u ,wa%+ton ,/reet4 ,! tunnel cont9ues "u ,wa%+ton ,/reet to ,haym>ket ,squ>e1 & imm$iately rises by an incl9e to ,causeway ,/reet1 :]e x connects ) bo? ! surface & ! elevat$ l9es4 ,:]ev] possible1 ! subway 0 c>ri$ out by op5 excavations1 &1 z 9 ! ,p>is ,mtropolita91 by ! old-fa%ion$ 8cut & cov]0 me?od4 ,! ro( ( ! tunnel is g5]ally ab\t ?ree feet bel[ ! surface1 ?\gh 9 "s places consid]ably l[]4 ,at & ne> ! /ations ! subway sides are l9$ ) :ite glaz$ bricks1 :itewa% be+ us$ else:]e4 ,!re are five /ations 9 ! ,bo/on %all[ und]gr\nd1 viz4 at ,boyl/on ,/reet1 ,p>k ,/reet1 ,adams ,squ>e1 ,scollay ,squ>e1 & ,haym>ket ,squ>e4 ,^! are approa*$ by %ort /airways1 protect$ f ! wea!r by neat clock-surm\nt$ kiosks1 or small iron /ructures1 9 %ape resembl+ our cab %elt]s1 & plac$ at conv5i5t po9ts1 ei!r on ! sidewalks or--:]e !re is suffici5t wid?--9 ! c5tre ( ! ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bc4 ,,bo/on ,,subway1 ,,%[+ ,,entrance ,,at ,,! ,,public ,,g>d5s ,by p]mission ( ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil roadway4 ,pass5g]s c ?us1 by ab\t tw5ty-five /eps1 g to & f ! plat=ms 9 a few seconds4 ,! ticket-(fices are at ! bottom ( ! /airways4 ,! pass5g] returns at ,p>k ,/reet 7! busie/ /ation7 are among ! l>ge/ 9 ! _w1 be+ #bh1jjj1jjj p] annum4 ,! ,bo/on surface /reet c>s adopt ! ov]head trolley pr9ciple ( electric traction1 & ! elevat$ railway-c>s ! ?ird rail sy/em1 bo? ^! sy/ems be+ cont9u$ ?r\gh\t ! subway4 ,! subway is illum9at$ electrically1 b a consid]able am\nt ( natural light is also obta9$1 especially at ! /ations2 & ,capta9 ,pip]1 deputy ( ! ,new ,york ,police1 :5 on a visit to ,london la/ ,febru>y1 discuss+ ! "q ( v5tilation 9 tube railways1 gave x z 8 op9ion t ! fre%e/ air he _h 8/ruck0 9 an und]gr\nd railway 0 at ,bo/on4 8,! air10 he said1 8is excell5t40 ,! subway is1 ( c\rse1 p]fectly clean1 smokeless1 & comp>atively quiet2 nei!r 9 ! /reets c any noise be he>d f ! c>s t are cont9ually pass+ close b5ea?4 ,by an ext5sion ( ! subway "u ,bo/on h>b\r1 ! surface l9es 9 ! di/rict ( ,ea/ ,bo/on are connect$ ) ! ma9 sy/em1 ?us mak+ ! entire l5g? eight miles ( s+le track4 ,,new ,,york ,9 ,new ,york1 aft] mu* c>eful consid]ation ( ! advantages & disadvantages ( deep tunnels 7tubes7 & %all[ railways1 ! ,rapid ,transit ,commission]s decid$ ^u ! latt] z be+ likely to give ! be/ facilities = quick travell+4 ,on acc\nt ( its peculi> p59sul> %ape1 admitt+ ( ext5sion 9 "o direction ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bd4 ,,new ,,york ,,subway ,,9 ,,c\rse ,,( ,,con/ruction4 ,,c> ,,traffic ,,ma9ta9$ ,by p]mission ( ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil only1 ! problem ( transportation 9 ! ,empire ,city is comp>atively easy1 ! r\tes be+ /raight1 & no necessity exi/+ = int]communication z 9 ,london4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! numb] ( p]sons to be c>ri$ morn+ & ev5+ is great]4 ,in/ead ( ! ar*$ ro( & masonry side-walks ( ! ord9>y und]gr\nd1 !re is a rectangul> /ructure ) a framework ( /eel beams rivet$ toge!r1 concrete enclos+ ! erection completely at ! top & sides1 & =m+ ! bottom1 r[s ( /eel columns help+ to support ! ro( betwe5 ! tracks--9 o!r words1 a k9d ( ,britannia ,bridge let into ! surface ( ! e>?4 ,! l9e has f\r tracks1 ! two c5tre ones be+ res]v$ = an express s]vice 7#cj miles an h\r71 ) /ations #a miles ap>t4 ,on ! o!r tracks ! /ations are clos] toge!r1 ab\t f\r to ! mile4 ,s t !re are two k9ds ( /ations2 "o ) plat=ms on ! outside ( ! out] 7or sl[7 track 7at :i* only local tra9s /op71 & ano!r ) plat=ms = fa/ tra9s only1 & isl& plat=ms = ei!r local or express tra9s4 ,at ! =m] /ations ! subway is suffici5tly deep to all[ ( a bridge ov] ! entire f\r tracks1 ) /aircases lead+ to ! v>i\s plat=ms4 ,by means ( loops1 &1 9 places1 by ! l[]+ ( ! express track b5ea? ! local tracks1 cross+s & swit*+s at ! t]m9i are1 z 9 ! ,p>is ,mtropolita91 elim9at$1 & ! c>s run cont9u\sly )\t any %unt+ :atev]4 ,its g5]al s*eme is z foll[s4 ,/>t+ ) a loop r\nd ! ,g5]al ,po/ ,(fice1 a f\r-track r\te is tak5 direct to ! ,gr& ,c5tral ,/ation 9 #dbnd ,/reet4 ,x !n turns we/ along #dbnd ,/reet to ,broadway1 & proce$s "u ,broadway to #ajd? ,/reet1 a di/ance ( sev5 miles4 ,"h ! f\r tracks divide1 a ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #be4 ,,new ,,york ,,subway1 ,,%[+ ,,h[ ,,x ,,0 ,,built ,by p]mission ( ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil d\ble track cont9u+ along ,broadway to ,k+sbridge1 & ano!r d\ble track go+ 9 an ea/]ly direction "u ! ,h>lem riv] to ! ,bronx di/rict4 ,ea* ( ^! bran*es is sev5 miles long1 mak+ a total l5g?1 = ! :ole sy/em1 ( tw5ty-"o miles1 sev5 be+ = f\r track & f\rte5 = d\ble track4 ,! nor!rly ends ( ! d\ble-track l9e are on ! surface = a comb9$ di/ance ( ab\t five miles1 ! rema9d] be+ %all[ und]gr\nd4 ,at conv5i5t po9ts incl9es lead to ! surface f ! subway1 & are l9k$ to /reet trams & elevat$ railroads4 ,electricity is exclusively us$ = traction & light+1 & ! co/ ( ! entire s*eme 0 orig9ally e/imat$ at #g1jjj1jjj4 ,n[1 :at is ! conclusion to be come to z to ! adaptability ( ! %all[ und]gr\nd sy/em to our va/ metropolis1 ^: /ation at ,liv]pool ,/reet is ! busie/ 9 ! _w1 ) its 8turnov]0 ( =ty-five millions ( pass5g]s p] annum2 ,/4 ,laz>e1 at ,p>is1 com+ next ) =ty-?ree millions8 ,9 newly-con/ruct$ ?or\ghf>es provision = %all[ subways1 & = sew]s1 pipes1 cables1 etc41 c be easily made2 b 9 old-e/abli%$ /reets ! difficulty & exp5se 9 mak+ !m w\ld be =midable1 z vaults & cell>s us$ = bus9ess purposes frequ5tly ext5d "r across ! n>r[ c>riageways1 & a p]fect network ( conduits w\ld h to be displac$ & mov$ ei!r bel[ or alongside ! subway4 ,"s idea ( ! co/ ( int]f]+ ) sew]s may be ga!r$ by ! fact t 9 con/ruct+ ! ,new ,york subway an entirely new outfall sew]1 ov] six feet 9 diamet]1 _h to be built "o mile 9 l5g?6 ,on ! o!r h&1 lab\r is *eap] 9 ?is c\ntry ?an 9 ,am]ica1 & 9 ,london !re is no rock to be remov$ z 9 ,new ,york4 ,9 conclusion1 ,i w\ld quote f ! report ( ,lieut5ant-,colonel ,yorke1 :o 0 s5t ov] to ,p>is two or ?ree ye>s ago by ! ,bo>d ( ,trade to inspect ! ,mtropolita94 ,he ?9ks t z reg>ds conv5i5ce = pass5g]s & economy ( work+1 ! balance ( advantage lies ) ! %all[ tunnel or subway z comp>$ ) ! deep-level tube4 ,b he hesitates a little :5 confront$ ) ! ?\ght ( :at w\ld happ5 to ,london :ile its roadways 7 9 process ( be+ und]m9$4 ,! difficulties 9 ! way ( adopt+ ! subway w\ld1 he says1 be great1 ?\gh he does n emphatically decl>e t he consid]s !m prohibitive2 & he approves ( ! attempt made to introduce ! sy/em 9 ! mann] adopt$ by ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil b5ea? ! new /reet betwe5 ,holborn & ! ,/r&4 ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,horseless ,,vehicles--,,electrical ,,& ,,o!rwise 8,c>s )\t horses w g40--,,"m ,,%ipton4 ,,private ,,motor-,,c>s ,! above pr$iction1 con/antly quot$ at ! adv5t ( railways1 is be+ realis$ ) ! utmo/ exactness4 ,except ! late craze = cycl+1 no?+ is m rem>kable ?an ! boom 9 ! motor-c>4 ,prior to ! pass+ ( ! 8,locomotives on ,highways ,act0 9 #ahif1 motor+ 0 an impossibility4 ,ev5 !n its advance 0 sl[1 & until ab\t ?ree ye>s ago motor-c>s 7 decid$ly unpopul>4 ,! ,london /reet boys--m9iature repres5tatives ( public op9ion--d]id$ !m1 &1 ) _! usual fi5di% lack ( sympa?y1 rejoic$ :5 !y came to grief2 :ile 'bus-driv]s & cabm5 ironically lik5$ all automobiles to traction eng9es1 *]i%+ ! delusion t !y cont9ually broke d[n1 co/ a small =tune to ma9ta91 &1 worse ?an all1 dislocat$ e bone 9 _! occupants' bodies4 ,?is contempt rea*$ a climax :5 c]ta9 lemon-col\r$ electric cabs 7 se5 ply+ = hire1 ugly to look at & limit$ 9 spe$2 :ile simultane\sly a l9e ( /eam omnibuses1 s cumb]some & weighty ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bf4 ,,electric ,,c>riage ,,entirely ,,( ,,briti% ,,con/ruction ,by p]mission ( ,h5ry ,f4 ,joel ,co41 ,london z to really m]it comp>ison ) traction eng9es1 began to run to ,victoria ,/ation4 ,b an extraord9>y & rapid *ange has come ov] popul> ta/e1 & no?+ is ne$$ to br+ motor-c>s into univ]sal use1 save a l[]+ ( _! co/2 = ev5 ! *eape/ are r beyond ! means ( p ) mod]ate incomes4 ,?is may be "o reason :y !y are s fa%ionable1 ?\gh ! ,k+'s m>k$ pr$ilection = travell+ by !m has done mu* to make 8motor+0 ! correct ?+2 & ,8 ,maje/y has rec5tly cons5t$ to become a patron ( ! ,automobile ,club4 ,be=e ! adv5t ( ! motor-c>1 ,society1 ?\gh tir$ ( 8bik+0 & crav+ = a novelty1 c\ld n tol]ate ! notion ( be+ se5 9 any o!r ?an a well-hors$ vehicle4 ,society n[ ?9ks diff]5tly1 z evid5c$ by a /roll 9 ! ,p>k dur+ ! season4 ,!re1 9 ! mid/ ( graceful l&aus & o!r equipages drawn by ! mo/ spl5did horses 9 ! _w1 may be se5 endless electric & /eam b>\*es1 br\ghams1 victorias1 & c>s1 all p]fectly noiseless1 & magnific5t petrol motor-c>s 7n noiseless671 respl5d5t ) brass & oxidis$ silv] fitt+s & uphol/]$ 9 morocco1 ^: fair occupants are sm>tly dress$ 9 tailor-made motor+ g[ns or1 on w>m days1 9 ord9>y c>riage toilettes4 ,"s ( ! fa%ionable hotels own big c>s & run !m 9 lieu ( coa*es = _! cu/om]s' b5efit to v>i\s places ne> ,london2 :ile1 to ! vexation ( omnibus companies1 motor waggonettes1 duly au?oris$ by ,scotl& ,y>d1 ply to & f ,putney & ,piccadilly ,circus1 always 8full up0 ) p1 no long] ! butt 7z !y us$ to be71 b ! envy1 ( p$e/rians4 ,& ^! public c>s1 ?\gh n p]fect1 are an advance ^u omnibuses1 & d n break d[n m frequ5tly ?an hors$ conveyances4 ,9 ! c\ntry motor-c>s h become indisp5sable1 m especially to l&$ proprietors1 ) h\ses always full ( visitors :o1 ) _! luggage1 h to be convey$ to & f ! /ation4 ,!y are mu* us$ = race-meet+s & = convey+ %oot+ p>ties to ! cov]t side1 /ubble1 or moor1 9 com=t1 golf]s to ! l9ks1 & fi%]m5 to ! riv]bank2 picnics w\ld be failures )\t !m2 & delightful excursions to all k9ds ( outly+ places are arrang$ by ! ho/1 pr\d ( 8motor+0 8 gue/s1 :o ?us are made acqua9t$ ) bits ( beautiful sc5]y !y w\ld o!rwise h rema9$ ignorant (2 z 9 ! case ( ! ,k+'s & ,que5's visit to ,*atswor? la/ ,janu>y1 :5 a feature ( ! programme 0 a s]ies ( motor-c> t\rs 9 ,nor? & ,we/ ,d]by%ire4 ,9 fact1 ! motor is a mo/ important factor 9 ,engli% c\ntry life1 & ! art ( manag+ x is gradually sup]s$+ t ( rid+1 driv+1 & f\r-9-h& coa*+4 ,eheu6 ,horseless vehicles are n actual novelties4 ,!y h m]ely be5 9 abeyance :ile ! p]fect+ ( our iron roads has proce$$4 ,! e>lie/ practical specim5 emanat$ f an inv5tor nam$ ,guyniot a hundr$ & ?irty ye>s ago1 b no?+ comm]cially s]i\s came ( x1 & ! idea slept4 ,9 #aghf ,william ,sym+ton produc$ 8 /eam-eng9e1 to run ^u an ord9>y road4 ,x _h ! cond5s] & ! rat*et-motion us$ 9 8 /eamboat1 an inv5tion ( :i* he 0 ! orig9ator4 ,! boil] & funnel 7 9 ! front1 a coa* on ,c-spr+s betwe5 !m1 & ! /e]+ ge>1 ) a k9d ( bicycle h&le-b>1 at ! re>4 ,! ma*9e1 x 0 said1 work$ well4 ,!n1 9 #ahba1 a /eam-coa* by ,griffi?s attract$ mu* att5tion1 be+ ! fir/ self-propell$ vehicle to ply = pass5g]s on ,briti% roads4 ,x _h a boil] ) wat]-tubes z n[ us$ 9 ! ,s]pollet & ,belleville sy/ems = motor-c>s4 ,9 appe>ance x some:at resembl$ ! ,sym+ton1 b c>ri$ a d\ble coa* m\nt$ on railway spr+s4 ,walt] ,hancock's ?ree-:eel$ /eam-coa* ( #ahbh look$ l a tricycle ) a big funnel1 & 0 propell$ by a pair ( oscillat+ cyl9d]s work+ ! d\ble-crank$ axle ( ! /e]+-:eel4 ,9 #ahei ! ,m>quis ( ,/af=d _h a /eam-coa* built t weigh$ less ?an a ton4 ,) its *a9-action x anticipat$ ! mod]n bicycle3 9 front x _h a k9d ( ba?-*air seat fac+ ! /e]+ ge>4 ,9 ?is vehicle ,"l ,/af=d & p>ty ( ?ree made trips at f n9e to twelve miles an h\r ov] heavy roads )\t any difficulty1 x be+ easy to guide & rem>kably /eady4 ,9 ^! /eam coa*es ! funnels appe> to h be5 plac$ 9 ! re>4 ,all ^! ideas1 ?\gh f "o po9t ( view crude1 und\bt$ly repres5t$ 8444su* refraction ( ev5ts ,z (t5 rises ere !y rise40 ,! motor-c> indu/ry 9 ,great ,brita9 is fl\ri%+1 & x is e/imat$ t out ( a total ( "s t5 ?\s& horseless c>riages 9 ! c\ntry "o-t5? are ( home manufacture 7! rema9d] be+ ,fr5* or ,am]ican71 a small proportion1 truly1 b a great increase ^u ! numb] built 9 #ahij2 & at ! ,reliability ,trials ( ! ,automobile ,club la/ ,septemb] 7#aijb71 ?irty-five ( ,briti% make took "p 9 ! conte/1 & only tw5ty-six ( ,cont95tal or ,am]ican orig91 a mo/ satisfactory feature to ^? :o are eag] to see ,briti% mak]s second to none 9 motor-c> con/ruction1 especially1 z ! aim ( ! competition 0 to enc\rage ! build+ ( ma*9es t w\ld be ?or\ghly dep5dable 9 all conditions ( road & wea!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bg4 ,a 8,,cr[dus0 ,,electric ,,c>riage ,by p]mission ( ! ,fis*] ,motor ,vehicle ,syndicate1 ,london4 ,at ! la/ ,cry/al ,palace ,automobile ,%[1 national vanity 0 c]ta9ly gratifi$4 ,n only 0 ! exhibition ! l>ge/ ev] held 9 ! c\ntry1 b 0 a concrete example ( ! rem>kable progress ( an indu/ry :i*1 s f> z ^! isl&s are conc]n$1 />t$ lam5tably late 9 ! day4 ,!re 7 br\ght toge!r at ! ,cry/al ,palace ab\t sev5 hundr$ & fifty motor-propell$ vehicles ( e class1 rang+ f ! p[]ful /eam lorry1 capable ( transport+ a load ( #g tons1 to ! late/ 8fli]10 light & elegant ( con/ruction1 & co/+ any?+ up to "s #c1jjj4 ,motor tricycles & bicycles =m$ a /rong section4 ,! cosmopolitan "* ( ! exhibition is %[n by ! fact t among ! two hundr$ or s exhibitors 7 ! lead+ ,engli%1 ,fr5*1 ,dut*1 ,italian1 & ,g]man firms4 ,by g5]al cons5t ! %[ 0 reg>d$ to h made pla9 ! fact t 9 effici5cy & reliability ! ,engli% mak] has drawn at lea/ level ) 8 =eign rival1 :ile1 s f> z ! production ( motors = comm]cial purposes is conc]n$1 he /ill /&s f> ahead4 ,automobiles are ( all sizes up to magnific5t #dj-or #fj-;horse-p[] rac]s4 ,= t[n use !re are br\ghams1 victorias1 l&aus1 & l&aulettes 7op5 or closable = c\ntry "w71 ! phaeton ) f\r seats1 plac$ two by two1 look+ =w>d1 & ! tonneau--a k9d ( small omnibus ) a movable back--) ! two re> seats 9 ! corn]s4 ,sometimes c>s are run ) six seats arrang$ 9 ?ree pairs1 ) pl5ty ( room bo? = ! driv] & ! covet$ box-seats4 ,mo/ c>s ( ei!r patt]n h a glass front scre51 :ile "s h a fix$ ro( z well4 ,! great] numb] are driv5 by ! use ( petrol1 ! ma*9]y be+ 9 front "u :at is call$ ! 8bonnet10 & ! ease ) :i* ! oil c be obta9$ has great advantages = a t\r+ exp$ition4 ,/eam is also employ$ = motor-c>s1 & is practically noiseless1 b !re are obvi\s objections to its use1 h[ev] skilfully ! work+ p>ts are con/ruct$4 ,9 ,london1 electromobiles are extremely popul>1 & no wond]1 = !re is no smell1 no vibration1 & no noise2 ! spe$ atta9able is great1 & !y are "u p]fect control1 advantages involv+ ! use ( /orage batt]ies1 ! re*>g+ ( :i* is a l5g?y op]ation1 seldom tak+ less ?an five h\rs4 ,b1 z ,mr4 ,llewellyn ,preece obs]v$ ab\t twelve mon?s ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bh4 ,,an ,,electric ,,victoria ,,) ,,briti% ,,/orage-,,batt]ies ,by p]mission ( ! ,electric ,p[] ,/orage ,co41 ,ltd41 ,london ago1 8?is condition ( affairs is gradually disappe>+2 private electric c>riages are n[ to be se5 9 ,london1 & _! numb] is increas+4 ,c>s c be obta9$ capable ( runn+ to ,brighton1 ,portsm\?1 & o!r places )9 sev5ty or eighty miles ( ! metropolis40 7i4e4 on "o *>ge4 ,!y may be call$ 8%ort-t\r c>s407 ,electric t[n-c>s are g5]ally ( ! l&aulette type--= !atre-go+1 & = pay+ visits 9 su* inaccessible suburbs z ,/oke ,new+ton1 ,balham1 & ,hamp/ead4 ,!y c>ry f two to f\r pass5g]s1 c atta9 a spe$ ( f\rte5 miles an h\r1 & w run =ty miles )\t re*>g+4 ,a long-di/ance electric c>1 to compete ) petrol1 has yet to be made1 b x w %ortly be possible to obta9 "o ( mod]ate weight at a reasonable price t w cov] "o hundr$ & tw5ty miles on a s+le *>ge2 &1 z a matt] ( fact1 t\rs ( m ?an a ?\s& miles 7f ,london to ,glasg[ & back7 h be5 satisfactorily accompli%$4 ,,public ,,conveyances ,! p]fect motor-omnibus1 &1 = t matt]1 ! p]fect 'bus ( any k9d1 has yet to arise1 & is sugge/ive ( ,d>w9ism 9 ! l5g? ( "t requir$ = its evolution4 ,b c ,london & ! long-suff]+ travell] wait t5 million ye>s or s--putt+ up mean:ile ) ! inconv5i5ce ( exi/+ vehicles--until ! omnibus companies wake up1 or are sup]s$$ by m ent]pris+ bus9ess adv5tur]s8 ,:y1 = in/ance1 %\ld all omnibuses be /uffy8 ,!re 0 a reason = x :5 _! floors 7 cov]$ ) /raw & !y 7 %ut 9 ) doors4 ,b n[ !re are no doors1 & !re is no?+ to h>b\r damp2 yet ev5 :5 ! pass5g]s sitt+ at ! entrance ( ! omnibus are assail$ by icy bla/s1 ^? at ! f> end are 9 an atmosph]e ( mu/9ess /rongly sugge/ive ( /ables4 ,!n1 on days :5 ! roads are greasy1 ^! vehicles crawl along1 (t5 tak+ an h\r & a half to travel f ,fulham to ,liv]pool ,/reet 7a di/ance ( ab\t six miles74 ,^u su* m9or nuisances & annoyances z ! exigu\s space 7ab\t #b feet #f in*es7 betwe5 ! seats1 ticket-giv+ & ticket-exam9+1 ! j>r+ ( brakes1 ! rattl+ ( loose coa*-bolts1 ! lur*+ ( ! top-heavy /ructure1 ! w9d[s t w n op51 ! gl>e & du/ 9 summ]1 ! ,cimm]ian d>kness 9 w9t] & at night1 ! /\t p :o take up too mu* room1 ! wet umbrellas & odorif]\s wat]pro( cloaks1 ! exasp]at+ & (t5 unnecess>y /opp+ e few hundr$ y>ds to ! di/ress ( ! poor animals1 x is ne$less to dilate4 ,we exp]i5ce !m e day ( our lives4 ,b bett] times are 9 /ore = ! horses1 & bett] times = our *ildr5 7p]haps ev5 = ourselves71 :o w see 9 ,london's /reets electric omnibuses 9 :i* x w be a delight to travel4 ,betwe5 ,ox=d ,circus & ,cricklewood 7n f> f ,h5don7 are n[ runn+ improv$ motor-omnibuses built 9 ,scotl& = a ,london syndicate1 to ! requirem5ts ( ! ,*ief ,commission] ( ,police4 ,x w be rememb]$ t "s ye>s ago a v l>ge ,?orneycr(t /eam 'bus pli$ = cu/om4 ,x c>ri$ ?irty-six pass5g]s1 b1 turn+ ! scale at ?ree tons1 x 0 ( illegal weight z a vehicle1 & %\ld h come "u ! def9ition ( a traction eng9e ) spe$ limit$ to f\r miles an h\r1 & prec$$ by a man ) a r$ flag4 ,s x 0 ultimately )drawn4 ,b ! new 8,/irl+0 /eam omnibuses are only #cb cwt4 :5 empty4 ,! eng9e is ( #ab horse-p[]1 & is ge>$ = ?ree =w>d spe$s ( #d1 #i1 & #ad miles p] h\r1 ) "o sl[ rev]s+ spe$1 :ile by a clev] contrivance ! driv+ ma*9]y ceases to act if #adb miles be exce$$1 bo? /e]+ ge> & brakes be+ "u p]fect control4 ,h&somely fitt$ up1 ) l>ge w9d[s t c be tak5 bodily out 9 hot wea!r1 & ) com=table lea!r-cov]$ spr+ seats1 ! new 'buses are a decid$ /ep 9 ! "r direction4 ,at ! la/ meet+ ( ! ,london ,g5]al ,omnibus ,company ! deputy-*airman /at$ t !re 0 no k9d ( motor traction t w\ld pay ! company to take up4 ,if any?+ 0 done 9 t direction x w\ld be 9 ! use ( petrol4 ,/eam 0 ( no use1 because ( ! great vibration1 & he d\bt$ if ! ,gov]nm5t w\ld p]mit #ae1jjj su* omnibuses to run ov] ! /reets4 ,9 8 op9ion ! "t to take up motor omnibuses _h n yet arriv$4 ,b ! ,london ,road ,c> ,company has tak5 a diff]5t & m f>-sight$ view ( ! situation1 & a comb9ation ( petrol & electricity is n[ to be te/$ by x4 ,c>s ( ! ,fis*] comb9ation patt]n h arriv$ f ,am]ica4 ,ea* has a #aj horse-p[] petrol eng9e :i* drives a dynamo1 ! curr5t f :i* is us$ to "w a motor act+ directly on ! :eels4 ,?is may1 p]haps1 seem a ne$less complication1 b !re is mu* me?od 9 x4 ,a #aj horse-p[] eng9e is n suffici5tly p[]ful to drive a fully-lad5 'bus up a hill at any reasonable pace1 b !re are _m places :]e a 'bus w run by its own weight1 & ne$s no eng9e4 ,! new c> is provid$ ) accumulators4 ,:5 little or no p[] is requir$ by ! motor1 ! curr5t is swit*$ on to ! accumulators1 s z to /ore up a res]ve = hill-climb+4 ,s :5 necess>y1 ! c> draws on ! res]ve 9 ! accumulators1 & ) !m & ! dynamo develops n #aj b #bj horse-p[]1 en\gh to take x up & ov] any hill t 'buses climb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bi4 ,a 8,,fis*]0 ,,comb9ation ,,omnibus ,capacity fifte5 pass5g]s2 weight1 #b tons #ac cwt42 spe$1 #ab miles an h\r ,by p]mission ( ! ,fis*] ,motor ,vehicle ,syndicate1 ,ltd41 ,london ,! manag] ( ! ,road ,c> ,company is ( op9ion t ! new vehicles w c>ry f twelve to tw5ty pass5g]s4 ,ow+ to ! great] spe$ ( ! motors1 h[ev]1 ! pass5g] accommodation provid$ by1 say1 half a doz5 su* c>s w\ld be great] ?an t ( a simil> numb] ( omnibuses1 = ! s]vice w\ld be m frequ5t4 ,n mu* increase ( spe$ c be hop$ = 9 conge/$ areas1 b outside ^! ! motor %\ld be able to run half z fa/ aga9 z ! hors$ 'bus4 ,!re exi/s1 h[ev]1 no reason :y a /ill m improv$ & ref9$ omnibus s]vice %\ld n be />t$1 electricity alone be+ adopt$1 in/ead ( /eam1 petrol1 or a comb9ation4 ,runs ( sev5ty & eighty miles )\t re*>g+ are p]fectly feasible by us+ /&>d long-di/ance batt]ies1 & w\ld suffice = ! daily j\rneys ( ! omnibus1 :ile ! re*>g+ c\ld be effect$ ) little or no tr\ble aft] work+-h\rs4 ,motor-omnibuses1 besides work+ on ! regul> r\tes1 c be run on ! tramway "t-table sy/em on tramway sections :]e !re is little traffic2 :ile = develop+ scantily-populat$ di/ricts & accu/om+ p to travel1 automobile public conveyances are p]fect ag5cies1 ! v fact t !y c *oose _! own r\te acc5tuat+ ?is great advantage2 & on special occasions1 = in/ance :5 exhibitions are held 9 places inaccessible by tramways1 !y w be a s\rce ( consid]able pr(it4 ,our prov9cial t[ns 7take ,ea/b\rne & ,ha/+s = example7 are beg9n+ to wake up on ! subject1 & _m ( !m h adopt$ or contemplat$ ! />t+ ( "s =m ( horseless omnibus1 9 sev]al cases ! motive p[] be+ electricity4 ,across ! ,atlantic automobile 'buses are run by ! ,fif? ,av5ue ,/age ,company ( ,new ,york ,city d[n ,fif? ,av5ue1 & h prov$ mo/ popul>2 :ile 9 ,*icago !re are ?ree l9es ( electric omnibuses successfully compet+ ) ! /reet c>s = patronage4 ,!y are d\ble-deck$1 seat+ =ty pass5g]s1 & :5 !y are 8full-up0 express spe$ is put on1 & !re are no m /oppages until ! d[n-t[n di/rict is rea*$4 ,z to f\r-:eel$ cabs1 !y are hopelessly beh9d ! times1 ?\gh excell5t ones may be evolv$ out ( ! l&aulette type ( electromobiles4 ,dur+ sixty-two ye>s ( sull5 tol]ation on ! "p ( ! public1 ! gr[l] has improv$ b little1 & x rema9s a my/]y :y 9 ! /reets ( ! _w's metropolis com=table & comely private vehicles _c be hail$ = hire1 z 9 o!r cities4 ,new & improv$ cabs1 su* z ! 8,br\gham10 ! 8,cl>5ce10 & ! 8,*e/]field10 f "t to "t appe> 9 our /reets1 & inspire hope t a g5]al re=mation is ab\t to take place1 & t neat little c\ps w be univ]sal4 ,b 9 "s unacc\ntable mann]1 aft] a brief season !y disappe> f public view--z did ! lemon-col\r$ electric br\ghams ( a few ye>s ago--relegat$ to "s my/]i\s region :]e vehicul> failures f9d employm5t :5 bani%$ f ,mod]n ,babylon4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,horseless ,,vehicles1 ,,electrical ,,& ,,o!rwise 7cont9u$7 ,,motor-,,c>s ,,9 ,,w>f>e ,! "q ( me*anical traction 9 w> is ( ! grave/ importance1 ! increas+ size ( armies & ! l>ge area !y cov] :5 9 action1 necessitat+ ! employm5t ( "s =m ( haulage o!r ?an t ( railways or horses4 ,= br++ up guns & _! ammunition at a critical mom5t automobiles are ( ! greate/ value4 ,at ! ,motor-c> ,reliability ,trials la/ autumn !re 0 pres5t a milit>y (fic] ( consid]able exp]i5ce :o 0 mu* impress$ ) ! possibilities ( ! motor 9 battle4 ,if1 he argu$1 sixty c>s c\ld run d[n f ,london to ! ,s\? ,coa/ easily 9 ?ree h\rs c>ry+ an av]age ( f\r pass5g]s ea*1 ! same numb] ( horseless vehicles c\ld convey sixty ma*9e-guns to ,brighton 9 a simil> "t4 ,a corps ( ^! might1 he said1 h prov$ extremely h&y 9 ! late ,s\? ,african campaign4 ,to illu/rate ?is1 he po9t$ out t quick-fir+ guns c>ri$ on automobiles might possibly h end$ ! ,bo] ,w> aft] ! action ( ,popl> ,grove4 ,he 0 pres5t on t occasion1 & c\ld speak ) au?ority4 ,all ! enemy _h be5 r\t$ out ( _! f>-rea*+ tr5*es & 7 9 full flight4 ,!n 0 ! "t to pu% home ! attack1 b cavalry & infantry 7 ?or\ghly done up by ! great flank+ movem5t & 7 unable to foll[ up _! advantage4 ,9 full sight ( our army1 ! ,bo]s scuttl$ away along ! pla9 ) only a few desultory %ells fir$ aft] !m4 8,n[10 said ! (fic]1 8if we _h only possess$ a few automobiles ) guns on t occasion we %\ld h scor$ v heavily4 ,! veldt 0 level en\gh = ! purpose4 ,a big victory at t critical mom5t might h ?or\ghly demoralis$ ! ,bo]s1 already mu* di%e>t5$ by ,cronje's defeat a %ort "t be=e at ,pa>deb]g1 & s caus$ !m to surr5d] )\t mu* ado40 ,no d\bt ! gallant soldi] took r a sangu9e view ( ! situation2 b ( "o ?+ he might h be5 c]ta91 viz41 t at t "t nei!r an un5t]pris+ ,w> ,(fice1 nor a ,colonial ,dep>tm5t capable ( requisition+ ord9>y infantry f ,au/ralia to act aga9/ ! wily m\nt$ ,bo]1 w\ld = "o mom5t h ?\ght ( s5d+ motor-c>s out = ! purpose he sugge/s6 ,n only = light artill]y1 b = heavy guns1 motors c n[ be us$ 9 w>f>e1 & ,"l ,rob]ts _h a road-tra9 con/ruct$ = ,s\? ,africa suffici5tly arm\r$ to )/& rifle-fire1 & p[]ful en\gh to draw a c\ple ( heavy guns ) _! crews & ammunition1 ! motive p[] be+ /eam4 ,9 ! prosaic "w ( convey+ /ores1 motor-tractors ) lorries are fa/ becom+ integral p>ts ( our complicat$ w>-sy/em1 & ! report ( ! trials held at ,ald]%ot 9 ,decemb]1 #aija1 is decid$ly 9 fav\r ( _! employm5t on a l>ge scale4 ,! te/s 7 sev]e1 & includ$ two days' runn+ 7) full loads7 ( ?irty miles a day1 & a m>* ( #aig miles 7also ) full loads7 9 six consecutive1 days on roads bo? h>d & s(t1 & ev5 ov] boggy gr\nd1 ! gradi5ts be+ v>i\s1 & 9 places v /iff4 ,! fir/ prize 0 aw>d$ to ! ,?orneycr(t ,/eam ,waggon ,company1 b al?\gh ! committee believ$ t ^! /eam lorries 7 s]viceable & useful = ! pres5t1 !y 7 mu* /ruck ) ! great possibilities ( ma*9es burn+ heavy oil4 ,_! obs]vations 7 z foll[s3-- 8,comp>$ ) horse-draught1 ^! trials h %[n t self-propell$ lorries c transport five tons ( /ores at ab\t six miles an h\r ov] v consid]able di/ances on hilly1 av]age ,engli% roads "u w9t] conditions4 ,! load transport$ by ea* s+le lorry 7five tons7 if c>ri$ 9 horse-waggons ( s]vice patt]n w\ld ov]load ?ree ,g4,s4 waggons1 requir+ twelve draught horses1 besides rid+ horses1 ^: pace w\ld n ord9>ily exce$ ?ree miles an h\r4 ,moreov]1 ! m>*+ ( #aig miles 9 six consecutive days w\ld n h be5 accompli%$ by horses ev5 at t spe$ )\t ! assi/ance ( sp>e horses40 ,to ?is report appe>$ ! foll[+ app5dix ( consid]able importance3-- 8,! committee1 9 c>ry+ out ! te/s1 travell$ 9 motor-c>s1 & z a result ( _! exp]i5ce !y rem>k1 #8,! committee desire to br+ to special notice ! incid5tal demon/ration af=d$ by ^! trials ( ! great possibilities = /aff "w1 & = "w 9 connection ) ! comm& ( long transport tra9s1 ( ! motor-c>4 ,no vehicles drawn by horses c\ld h possibly cov]$ ! di/ances or kept up ! spe$s requir$2 portions ( ! roads1 sometimes miles 9 l5g?1 _h to be trav]s$ & retrav]s$ sev]al times1 & at spe$s beyond ! capabilities ( horse-fle%4 ,rid+ horses w\ld h be5 knock$ up to an ext5t necessitat+ l>ge relays4 ,! /aff (fic]1 moreov]1 in/ead ( be+ fatigu$1 is always comp>atively fre% at ! end ( ! day4'0 ,no wond] t ! ,army1 f ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief d[nw>ds1 is quickly becom+ devot$ to motor+4 ,! quantity ( "w t c be got ?r\gh by means ( ! automobile is a revelation to ^? :o h be5 us$ to travell+ by means ( horses4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cj4 ,,! 8,,h]cules0 ,,traction ,,eng9e1 ,,z ,,us$ ,,dur+ ,,! ,,crimean ,,w> ,by p]mission ( ,sampson ,l[1 ,m>/on1 ,co41 ,london ,dur+ ! ,crimean ,w>1 ,boydell's traction ma*9e 0 us$ to haul op5 trucks on ! road & across c\ntry4 ,its eng9e1 ! 8,h]cules10 0 fitt$ ) a curi\s arrangem5t1 :i*1 by means ( rails atta*$ 9 six sections to ! :eels1 enabl$ x to lay d[n & take up its own track z x w5t along4 ,9 ! ,s\? ,african campaign ! milit>y traction eng9es did "s excell5t "w1 &1 z !y roll$ ov] ! pla9s1 />tl$ ! ,kaffirs out ( _! s5ses at ! unwont$ sight ( :at !y probably ?\ght 0 "s new & mon/r\s =m ( rh9oc]os4 ,x has yet to be decid$ :at is ! be/ motive p[] = lorry c>s 9 w>f>e1 bo? oil & /eam motors hav+1 z comp>$ ) ^? driv5 by electricity1 ! disadvantage t ! ma*9]y moves by a s]ies ( %ocks4 ,d\btless ! ideal p[] w\ld be "o t act$ ev5ly4 ,! electric motor is sup]ior to all o!rs 9 ! regul>ity ( its action1 & its /e]+ is mo/ readily effect$4 ,all t is want$ to adapt electric traction to milit>y purposes is a p]fect$ /orage batt]y1 & ! day may n be f> di/ant :5 ext5sive use w be made ( light accumulators capable ( be+ safely c>ri$ & ( be+ re*>g$ z readily z a /eam eng9e c be suppli$ ) fuel4 ,,motors ,,9 ,,agriculture ,9 ,engl& ! use ( /eam = agricultural ma*9]y has hi!rto be5 conf9$ to ! purpose ( pl\gh+ & ?re%+4 ,b coal 9 "s di/ricts is de>1 & f>m]s are beg9n+ to f9d t oil eng9es are m economical1 !re be+ no loss ( fuel 9 ! sudd5 /opp+ ( "w dur+ wet wea!r2 b petrol has a na/y trick ( n vaporis+ readily :5 x is fro/y1 & "h electricity /eps 9 ) an admirable =ce-motif4 ,) a dep5dable electro-motor1 ! f>m] may "w 8 self-b9d] all day long 9 ! h>ve/-field1 & at-night s5d x up to m>ket ) produce4 ,moreov]1 ! motor may help to pl\gh & h>r[ 9 ! w9t]1 & :5 !re is no "w to be done x co/s no?+1 hav+--unlike ! horse--no /oma* to fill4 ,9 fact1 ! successful adaptation ( ! motor to f>m+ may solve ! ev]-pres5t lab\r problem1 & d mu* to resuscitate ! agricultural indu/ry1 :ile fruit & vegetable gr[]s may f9d x invaluable1 mak+ !m indep5d5t ( high railway rates & bad tra9 s]vice4 ,b1 al?\gh ! application ( ! automobile to agriculture is only 9 ! exp]im5tal /age1 x _c be d\bt$ t1 9 "s %ape or o!r1 x w come to ! cornfield1 ! or*>d1 & ! m>ket g>d51 :ile ! mod]n f>m] w welcome x gladly4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ca4 ,a ,,t5-,,ton ,,electric ,,trolley ,by p]mission ( ! ,anglo-,am]ican ,motor ,c> ,co41 ,ltd41 ,london ,probably x w beg91 z 0 sugge/$ by ,mr4 ,rid] ,hagg>d be=e ! ,norfolk ,*amb] ( ,agriculture at ,norwi*1 9 ! %ape ( an agricultural po/4 ,8 plan 0 to enl>ge ! pres5t sy/em ( p>cel-po/ s t "o hundr$ packages1 ea* ( #ajj lbs4 9 weight1 %\ld be c>ri$ 9 ! same way z p>cels ( only #aj lbs41 & t produce ( any sort1 su* z a crate ( apples1 ! c>case ( a %eep1 a basket ( fl[]s1 etc41 %\ld be deliv]$ ! next morn+ to :atev] "p ( ,engl& ! goods 7 consign$4 ,,m]cantile ,,motors ,! prosaic use ( motors is increas+ rapidly4 ,9 our /reets are frequ5tly se5 /eam or petrol lorries = ! heavy goods ( brew]s1 /one-m]*ants1 build]s1 contractors1 eng9e]s1 asphalt-pav+ companies1 etc42 sub/antial vans = :olesale manufactur+ h\ses & great e/abli%m5ts1 su* z ,bryant & ,may's1 ,maple's1 ,h>rod's1 ,:iteley's1 & ,b>k]'s2 light] vehicles = small] tradesm51 c>ts = c\nty c\ncil & bor\gh c\ncil "w2 a few fire-eng9es & ambulance waggons2 :ile 9 ! c\ntry any numb] ( motors are us$ by %opkeep]s to deliv] _! goods = miles ar\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cb4 ,,an ,,electric ,,tradesman',s-,,van ,by p]mission ( ! ,automobile ,co4 ( ,great ,brita91 ,london ,9 fact1 ! m]cantile use ( motors has gr[n s mu*1 t be=e long we may ev5 see 8,black ,m>ia0 deliv]+ & pick+ up its daily quantum ( dt5us ?r\gh ! m$ium ( /or$-up electricity4 ,we mu/ j glance at ! subject ( motor-bicycles1 driv5 by petrol & 8sp>k$0 by electricity4 ,!y are beg9n+ to be mu* us$ = gett+ ab\t quickly1 = trail]s1 & z sport+ ma*9es = 8break+ ! record40 ,9 ,septemb] la/ ye>1 at ! ,cry/al ,palace1 "s extraord9>y results 7 obta9$ by !m 9 ! matt] ( spe$1 "o ( !m cov]+ no less ?an fifty miles 9 an h\r & eight m9utes6 ,sir ,m>t9 ,conway's op9ion1 humor\sly deliv]$ ?is ye> to ! ,society ( ,arts1 respect+ 8/upid cycli/s0 & motor-cycles1 is wor? record+4 ,he said t ! fir/ ?+ on :i* he desir$ k conc]n+ motor-cycles 0 h[ he 0 to fall (f1 z he fell (f e ma*9e on :eels "s "t or o!r2 next1 h[ long x w\ld take a man to und]/& ! p>ts 9 a motor-cycle1 or :e!r !y 7 hopelessly remov$ f ! range ( ! ord9>y /upid p]son2 !n1 h[ ! ?+ vibrat$2 &1 f9ally1 :i* ( !m did n break d[n4 ,he said t he _h be5 told t ! pleasure ) a motor-c> 0 consid]able :5 x w5t1 & ! annoyance ev5 m consid]able :5 x did n g4 ,motors are ev]y:]e1 & are us$ = e purpose4 ,!re are motors 9 ! ,equatorial ,free ,/ates ( ! ,congo1 :]e !re is no en]getic policeman1 /op-wat* 9 h&1 to "t ! 8driv]0 & summon him2 & "o day--:o kn[s8--!re may be motor-c>s 9 use at ! ,nor? ,pole4 ,! motor has ev5 be5 ! indirect cause ( political upheav+s1 = x is said t ! revolution 9 ,morocco came to a head because ! fanatical tribal allies ( ! ,pret5d] resi/$1 among/ o!r ,european articles1 ! introduction ( automobiles into ! c\ntry1 & oppos$ _! use by ! enlight5$ emp]or1 z too progressive1 & n 9 accordance ) ! ,mussulman fai?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cc4 ,,ano!r ,,type ,,( ,,! 8,,fis*]0 ,,comb9ation ,,omnibus ,by p]mission ( ! ,fis*] ,motor ,vehicle ,syndicate1 ,london ,meals are s5t out 9 motor-vans by ! ,london ,di/ribut+ ,kit*5 ,company f its well-equipp$ premises ne> ! ,army & ,navy ,/ores1 ! breakfa/s1 lun*eons1 & d9n]s be+ plac$ 9 air-tight baskets 9 alum9ium receptacles4 ,9 ,man*e/]1 = "s "t pa/1 8meals by motor0 h be5 an accompli%$ fact1 & mo/ popul> & lucrative ! s*eme has prov$4 ,motor+ has its romantic side4 ,= in/ance1 9 ,france--! bir?place ( ! automobile--abduction by motor has be5 initiat$1 & our lively neighb\rs may possibly contemplate ! revival ( t m$ival cu/om ( w$lock by =ce4 ,?is "y lady1 h[ev]1 seems to h be5 a n unwill+ p>ty to ! transaction4 ,go+ to s*ool by motor has also be5 made practicable across ! ,*annel4 ,= "s mon?s ! ,ecole ,lacordaire1 9 ,p>is1 has be5 runn+ a ,s]pollet /eam omnibus1 :i* collects ! pupils & conveys !m to & f ! s*ool4 ,! day's run gives a total ( sixty miles4 ,monsieur ,s]pollet has lately c>ri$ out an int]e/+ te/ ) ! vehicle4 ,he made a run ( sixty miles ) twelve pass5g]s1 & ! co/ = petrol 0 #as4 #b;d4 p] pass5g]1 or r m ?an f\r miles = a p5ny4 ,! omnibus av]ag$ eighte5 miles an h\r4#h ,,*apt] ,,xvii ,,horseless ,,vehicles1 ,,electrical ,,& ,,o!rwise 7cont9u$7 ,,spe$ ,,( ,,motor-,,c>s ,to motori/s ! press+ "q ( ! day is spe$4 ,9 ,engl& ! motor-c> 0 9 its infancy :5 ! pres5t law came into =ce4 ,be=e its bir?1 no me*anically propell$ c>riage c\ld travel along ! highway fa/] ?an f\r miles an h\r2 b six ye>s ago a det]m9$ attempt 0 made to adapt ! law to ! exig5cies ( mod]n traffic4 ,f\rte5 miles an h\r 0 decid$ ^u z ! maximum spe$1 & ! ,local ,gov]nm5t ,bo>d subsequ5tly r$uc$ ! limit to twelve miles4 ,b ^! regulations are n[ out ( date4 ,a few ye>s ago !re 0 a great outcry aga9/ cycle spe$s4 ,t has di$ out1 n because cycli/s ride m sl[ly1 b because ! public has come to realise t1 ) a readily controllable vehicle l ! bicycle1 ! great] spe$s are n dang]\s4 ,simil>ly ! public is n[ mu* ex]cis$ 9 m9d conc]n+ spe$s ( tw5ty to tw5ty-five miles an h\r by motor-c>s4 ,x w n be long be=e !y realise t ^! velocities are q safe "u c]ta9 conditions1 & t ! motor-c> might almo/ "u any circum/ances be all[$ to travel twice z fa/ z a horse1 inde$ ev5 fa/]4 ,x is said t ?is ye> ! spe$ ( ! motor-c> is expect$ to approa* a hundr$ miles an h\r4 ,! ,hon4 ,c4 ,s4 ,rolls came v ne> to atta9+ x at ,welbeck la/ ,febru>y1 :5 he made an attempt on ! fly+ kilometre record4 ,! be/ ( f\r runs gave ! "t ( #bg seconds1 :i* is a spe$ ( #hb miles p] h\r1 & #a seconds bett] ?an ,mr4 ,j>rott's run ov] ?is c\rse la/ ye>4 ,:e!r x w rank z a _w's record is n c]ta91 z ! road 9 ! ,duke ( ,portl&'s p>k has a slight fav\r+ gradi5t4 ,! ,fr5* (ficial record on ! ,d\rdan road is tw5ty-n9e seconds1 a spe$ ( sev5ty-sev5 miles p] h\r1 accompli%$ by bo? ,f\rni] & ,augires4 ,mr4 ,rolls drove an #hj horse-p[] ,mors1 :i* he ent]$ = ! ,p>is-,madrid race4 ,e/imates ( spe$ diff] 9 ! mo/ extraord9>y degree1 & ! ,hon4 ,j4 ,scott-,montagu gave to ! ,c> ! foll[+ humor\s table1 ! result ( an inquiry at a police c\rt3-- ,miles4 8,private op9ion ( me*anic 9 *>ge #ab ,8 op9ion :5 talk+ to 8 fri5ds #bj ,8 op9ion :5 9 c\rt #h ,policeman's private op9ion #ad ,policeman's op9ion 9 c\rt #bh ,f>m]'s op9ion :5 a pony 0 fright5$ #ej ,mak]'s gu>ante$ spe$ #af ,actual spe$ #aj0 ,motori/s are evid5tly assum$ to be made ( money1 if we may judge by ! foll[+ /atem5t made by a correspond5t ( ,motor+ ,illu/rat$ ?is ye>4 ,he says1 8,"o curi\s result ( a c> case1 9 :i* ,i 0 f9$ #aj = #8scor*+1' is t 9 less ?an a week ,i h receiv$ upw>ds ( sev5ty begg+ lett]s f *>itable societies or individual begg>s4 ,motor own] & millionaire are app>5tly "o & ! same ?+ 9 ! popul> m9d40 ,mr4 ,leopold de ,ro?s*ild1 :o is entitl$ to speak ) au?ority on ! subject1 frankly admits t !re is mu* ju/ification = ! irritation 9 ! public m9d aga9/ motor-c>s4 ,he /rongly condemns ra% driv+1 b1 at ! same "t1 ma9ta9s t :5 motor-c> own]s obey ! law & obs]ve ! c\rtesy ( ! road1 !y ought n to be look$ ^u by coa*m51 cycli/s1 & p$e/rians1 z ! enemies ( mank9d4#i ,nev]!less1 he firmly believes t ! dislike ( motor-c>s w die away 9 due "t1 j z did ! dislike ( cycles4 ,! utmo/ caution ought1 he conc$es1 to be ex]cis$ by driv]s 9 ! cr[d$ ?or\ghf>es ( l>ge t[ns4 ,on ! "q ( _! importance g5]ally 9 relation to ,briti% indu/ry ,mr4 ,leopold de ,ro?s*ild says1 8,we %\ld fo/] !m by e means 9 our p[]4 ,at ! beg9n+ n a s+le "o 0 produc$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 b at ! pres5t mom5t "s ( ! ma*9es turn$ out 9 ,engli% work%ops rival ^? ( ! v be/ ,fr5* make4 ,9 rec5t conte/s on ! ,cont95t1 too1 ,engli% c>s h m ?an held _! own4 ,x is sometimes compla9$ t ! ma*9es make a great noise4 ,t defect is be+ gradually cur$4 ,!n x is urg$ t !y raise a trem5d\s du/ z !y spe$ along4 ,t evil is also be+ rem$i$1 & w disappe> altoge!r if ! exp]im5t ( p\r+ petroleum on ! roadways %\ld prove successful4 ,:]e ! motor-c> is extremely useful1 ,i consid]1 is 9 enabl+ p to g across c\ntry to att5d hunt meets & visit di/ant golf l9ks4 ,!n1 aga91 see :at enc\ragem5t is giv5 to wayside inns4 ,:5 9 ,scotl& ! o!r day ,i visit$ a fri5d :o liv$ tw5ty-five miles (f1 & did x com=tably betwe5 lun*eon & d9n]1 & t1 too1 )\t endang]+ ! life ( myself or anybody else4 ,i reg>d ! motor-c> z a s\rce ( int5se enjoym5t4 ,all[ ! own]s great] fre$om1 b take c>e t 9 return !y loyally obs]ve ! regulations :i* are fram$ by compet5t au?orities = ! safety ( ! public40 ,,motor-,,c>s ,,& ,,public ,,highways ,:o c place a limit to ! developm5t ( motors6 ,! "t may arrive :5 tram l9es w disappe>1 ! roads !mselves be+ ( /eel & =m+ a broad rail ^u :i* self-propell$ coa*es1 omnibuses1 cabs1 & c>s w ply 9 e direction1 & f> & wide into ! suburbs4 ,?is is ! idea ( ,mr4 ,a4 ,a4 ,c4 ,sw9ton1 :o also ?9ks t ev5tually motor-c>s w drive tram-c>s out1 because1 z he says1 8,tramways are m]ely a smoo? place on a r\gh road1 ) a groove to keep ! :eel 9 a smoo? place10 & z "o day ! :ole road w be smoo? ! tram-rails w disappe>4 ,some?+ simil>1 ,i take x1 0 9 ,mr4 ,balf\r's m9d :51 9 #aija1 writ+ to ! ,w>d5 ( ! ,br[n+ ,settlem5t 9 ,camb]well on ! subject ( homes = ! work]s1 he said3-- 8,:at ,i am anxi\s p %\ld be> 9 m9d is t trams1 railways1 & #8tubes' by no means exhau/ ! catalogue ( possible improvem5ts 9 transit2 inde$1 ,i am n sure t !y are ! means ( communication = relatively %ort di/ances :i* "s ye>s h5ce w f9d mo/ fav\r4 ,:at ,i %\ld l to see c>efully ?\ght out by compet5t au?orities w\ld be a sy/em ( radiat+ ?or\ghf>es1 conf9$ to rapid 7say1 fifte5 miles an h\r or ov]7 traffic 7t is absolutely ess5tial71 & ) a surface design$1 n = c>ts or horses1 b = "s =m ( auto-c> propulsion4 ,if ! local au?ority :i* design$ & c>ri$ out su* a sy/em *ose to run public auto-c>s along !m1 well & good4 ,b ?is w\ld n be necess>y1 & private ent]prise w\ld probably 9 "t d all t 0 want$4 ,9 su* a ?or\ghf>e !re w\ld be none ( ! monopoly insep>able f trams1 ! numb] ( p c>ri$ c\ld be mu* l>g]1 ! spe$ mu* great]1 ! p[] ( tak+ !m f door to door unique1 :ile !re w\ld be none ( ! friction n[ caus$ :5 ! own]s ( ! tram l9es break up ! public /reets4 ,x may be urg$--&1 p]haps1 ) tru?--t at pres5t ! auto-c> indu/ry has n devis$ an absolutely satisfactory vehicle2 b we are1 ,i believe1 s ne> x t ! delay ought n to be mat]ial40 8,x is1 ( c\rse1 obvi\s10 he cont9u$1 8t ! pres5t difficulty ( locomotion 9 our /reets is almo/ entirely due to want ( diff]5tiation 9 ! traffic4 ,we act z ! own]s ( a railway w\ld act if !y all[$ luggage tra9s1 express tra9s1 & horse-drawn trams to run ^u "o pair ( rails4 ,! radiat+ causeways1 z ,i conceive !m1 w\ld be entirely free f ?is difficulty4 ,nei!r ! traffic ( cross /reets1 nor foot pass5g]s1 nor sl[-go+ c>ts & vehicles w\ld be p]mitt$ to int]f]e ) ! equable runn+ ( fa/ c>s4 ,!re w\ld be no dang] & no block2 & z ! causeway w\ld be connect$ at int]vals ) ! ord9>y road & /reet sy/em ( ! di/rict1 & w\ld melt into t sy/em at ei!r end1 e village 9 :i* !re 7 en\gh resid5ts :o _h to be 9 ,london at a fix$ h\r e day c\ld h a motor ( its own4 ,x might be well wor? a manufactur]'s :ile1 ,i %\ld suppose1 to lodge 8 workpeople out ( ,london1 & to run !m to & f 8 works40 ,no electrician liv+ c pr$ict ) c]ta9ty :at ! motor-c> may n result 94 ,"o ?+ only is probable--t our metropolitan /reets w soon be conge/$ ) vehicles to su* an ext5t z to leave no space = horses4 ,& !n w come ! complete victory ( ! automobile4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii ,,electricity ,,appli$ ,,to ,,navigation 7,a ,,=eca/7 8,& k %all be increas$40--,,daniel xii4 #d4 ,,developm5t ,,9 ,,size ,,( ,,%ips ,,& ,,/eam]s 8,don't give y\rself away10 %rewdly rem>k$ an em95t eng9e]1 z ,i discuss$ ) him ! outl9e ( ?is "w1 & ! probability t 9 ! ne> future1 gigantic %ips1 z long z ! ,cry/al ,palace1 & propell$ solely by electricity1 w\ld trav]se ! seas4 8,i h n yet come across any =m ( accumulator t c\ld be adapt$ to su* a purpose1 ?\gh ,i admit t ! next qu>t] ( a c5tury may produce "s />tl+ results4 ,/ill1 ,i w\ld n1 if ,i 7 y1 write ab\t x40 ,my fri5d1 l _m sci5ti/s1 0 cauti\s1 & did n l to commit himself2 b ,i am n pr(essionally re/rict$1 & may freely indulge 9 a dream conta9+ _m elem5ts ( reality1 & 8take ! w+s ( fancy10 nay1 may also 8take ! w+s ( =esight10 & try to describe a mail-packet ( ! future4 ,b be=e ent]+ into p>ticul>s ( t ph5om5on1 ! ,pr9cess ,ida1 & to prep>e ourselves = ! contemplation ( h] l>ge proportions1 we %\ld note ! evolution>y process :i* has gone on /eadily = ! la/ sev5ty ye>s1 & rapidly dur+ ! close ( ! ,victorian ,era1 9 reg>d to ! size & tonnage ( ocean /eam]s4 ,to g f> back = ! purpose ( comp>ison--i4e4 to ! days :5 ,brita9 z a m>itime nation 0 9 h] infancy1 or ev5 to ,tudor & ,/u>t times1 :5 ! ,great ,h>ry float$ pr\dly 9 ,engli% wat]s1 & ,elizabe?'s ,ark ,royal defi$ ! ,spani% ,armada1 or :5 ,ph9eas ,pett recon/ruct$ ,*>les ! ,second's navy & plann$ ^? fam\s m5-(-w>1 ! ,royal ,sov]eign1 ,royal ,*>les1 & ,royal ,pr9ce--is mislead+1 because up to ,nelson's "t ! practice ( build+ %ips ) an extravagant am\nt ( 8%e]0 7! =eca/le & /]n t[]+ upw>ds to protect ! fight+ m51 & produc+ ! outl9e ( a d\bl$-up old %oe71 toge!r ) ! pron\nc$ 8tumbl+ 90 ( ! %ip's sides1 r5d]$ x difficult to arrive at any correct e/imate ( l5g? & beam4 ,approximately1 #a1ejj tons might repres5t ! ,great ,h>ry's measurem5t1 & #aej feet h] l5g?1 ! ,c>olean ,royal be+ ab\t ! same4 ,?is me?od ( %ipbuild+ began to be modifi$ :ile ,pepys 0 at ! ,admiralty1 b x 0 v gradually ab&on$1 & _h almo/ disappe>$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 ! ,victory1 slightly ov] #b1jjj tons1 & "s #aeb feet 9 l5g?1 %[+ b a slight trace ( x 9 h] high poop4 ,9 #ahcd a m]*antman ( #a1jjj tons 0 consid]$ a big craft1 ! l>ge/ on ,lloyd's regi/] = t ye> be+ #a1ejj tons1 ^u :i* !re 0 n mu* advance until ! 8fifties0 & 8sixties10 :5 all ! adv5tur\s ( ,engl&'s manhood 7 irresi/ibly attract$ to ! goldfields ( ,au/ralia1 & vessels ( l>ge tonnage began to be laid d[n on ! /ocks4 ,( su* 7 ! ,briti% ,empire1 #b1fgf tons2 ! ,donald ,mc,kay1 #b1fcf tons2 ,r$ ,jacket1 #b1jjj tons2 & _m o!rs ( f #a1jjj to #a1hjj tons regi/]$ tonnage4 ,^! 9 _! turn gave place to iron 8sail]s0 ( imm5se capacity1 ! t5d5cy be+ to build !m bigg] & /ill bigg]--8five-ma/]s0 ( f #c1jjj to #d1jjj tons--x hav+ be5 f\nd t !y are work$ m economically ?an small] craft1 & are able to compete ) ! l>g] vessels ( o!r c\ntries1 & ) ! syndicates t ?reat5 to monopolise ! nation's c>ry+ trade4 ,=eign examples are ,la ,france1 #c1fbd tons1 & ! ,preuss5 7bigge/ 9 ! _w71 #d1gjj tons4 ,9 /eam]s ! developm5t ( size has be5 great1 & a/oni%+ly s s9ce ! univ]sal adoption ( ! screw-propell]4 ,= in/ance1 ! paddle-:eel ,william ,fawcett1 t pione]$ ! ,p4 & ,o4 ,company1 built 9 #ahbi1 0 b #gd feet long2 ! ,cun>d ,britannia1 t took ,*>les ,dick5s to ,bo/on1 0 a paddle-boat ( #a1aed tons1 & #bjg feet long2 ! ,great ,brita9 7#ahdc7 0 #c1djj tons regi/]1 & reg>d$ z ph5om5al4 ,pres5tly ! %ipp+ _w arriv$ at ! awak5+ p]iod ( its hi/ory1 :5 /eam]s ( f #cej to #ejj feet long1 & ( f #d1jjj to #g1jjj tons1 began to be common2 b old /ag]s %ook _! heads1 & ask$ :]e & :5 ?is enl>gem5t 0 go+ to /op4 ,"t w5t on1 & spl5did mail boats1 su* z ! ,cun>d ,scotia & ,p]sia1 9 _! day consid]$ p]fect1 7 look$ ^u z obsolete1 & ev5 _! successors1 ! ,s]via1 #g1cib tons & #eae feet long1 ! ,etruria1 #g1gah tons & #ejb feet long1 & o!rs ( simil> dim5sions1 soon ceas$ to be wond]$ at4 ,?is 0 eighte5 ye>s ago4 ,!n1 by leaps & b\nds1 s great 0 ! competition betwe5 ! diff]5t ,atlantic l9]s1 & s /rong ! dem& = spe$1 t #aj1jjj tons 0 soon rea*$ 9 ! ,:ite ,/> ,company's ,maje/ic & ,teutonic1 & exce$$ by ! ,cun>d]s1 ,campania & ,lucania 7#ahic71 ( #ac1jjj tons ea*1 #fbj feet 9 l5g?1 & ov] #fe feet 9 beam4 ,b ,h>l& & ,wolff1 ( ,belfa/1 :o _h be5 build+ #ab1jjj ton boats1 metaphorically )\t 8turn+ a hair10 7 det]m9$ n to be beat51 & produc$ _! new ,oceanic 7#ahii71 #gjd feet by #fh feet1 i4e4 ne>ly z long z ! ,haym>ket1 & ab\t z broad z "o portion ( ,piccadilly4 ,9 h]1 x 0 ?\ght1 f9ality _h be5 rea*$2 b la/ ye> ,belfa/ witness$ ! laun* ( a /ill bigg] vessel1 ! ,c$ric1 #ba1jjj tons gross regi/]1 #gjj feet long1 & #ge feet wide--! l>ge/ /eam] afloat6 ,ev5 %e is de/9$ to take second place1 z ere long two %ips belong+ to ! ,cun>d ,l9e w dispossess ! ,c$ric ( h] premi] position4 ,^! wond]ful creations w be #gej feet by #gf feet1 ) an e/imat$ sea-spe$ ( #be knots4 ,?us we cle>ly see h[ enorm\sly ! dim5sions ( /eam]s h increas$2 = in/ance1 ! ,britannia 7#ahdj7 0 #a1aed tons1 & #bjg feet long1 & _h accommodation = #aae cab9 pass5g]s1 no 8/e]age0 be+ c>ri$4 ,b ! ,c$ric is ne>ly #c times long]1 & c>ries #c1jjj p across ! ,atlantic1 besides h] crew ( #cej h&s4 ,9 ! same ratio ( progression1 %ips 7!y w n be call$ /eam]s1 b electr(]s7 #b1ejj feet long1 ) com=table qu>t]s = #ge1jjj human be+s1 w be ! ord] ( ! day6 ,i h n ref]r$ to ! poor old ,great ,ea/]n--or ,levia?an z %e 0 orig9ally nam$--#fhj feet long1 & ( #af1jjj tons regi/]4 ,%e 0 be=e h] "t1 &1 l o!r big /eam]s ( t day1 f> too heavy 9 h] plat+ to be driv5 economically at ev5 mod]ate spe$4 ,great dim5sions & swiftness h be5 r5d]$ possible by improv$ eng9es1 b *iefly by ! employm5t ( /eel 9 _! con/ruction1 :i* s mat]ially r$uces ! vis in]tia1 t 9 ! case ( ! ,p5nsylvania1 built by ,h>l& & ,wolff = ! ,hamburg-,am]ican ,l9e1 al?\gh a mighty c>rack ( some?+ l #ehe feet1 & #fb feet by #db feet1 h] actual dead-weight is only #h1jjj tons4 ,/ill m rem>kable w be ! r$uction--ab\t "o-half--:5 alum9ium ) "s =m ( alloy--copp]1 p]haps--comes into g5]al use4 ,torp$o-boats h be5 built ) ?is metal1 & h run ) great smoo?ness4 ,x exi/s 9 e clay & %ale =mation1 & is scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! _w 9 imm5se pr(usion1 our ,london clay consi/+ pr9cipally ( silicate ( alum9a4 ,electricity is us$ 9 manufactur+ ?is beautiful metal1 t requires no pa9t to def5d x f ru/+2 &1 al?\gh x has hi!rto be5 a co/ly article1 ! "t is n f> (f--s x is said--:5 ! price w come d[n to #ai a ton1 or less4 ,a rec5t & novel application ( alum9ium to build+ purposes is to be se5 at ,*icago1 :]e a h\se sixte5 /ories high is front$ on bo? sides ) x1 in/ead ( bricks or t]ra-cotta4 ,b]?+ ! mon/r\s %ips ( ! future is a problem met by a radical & _w-wide alt]ation 9 ! dim5sions ( docks1 supplem5t$ by quays runn+ out into deep wat]1 :i* 9 ,london w\ld ext5d on bo? sides ( ! ,?ames1 on ! nor? f ,tilbury to ! ,alb]t ,docks1 ?us conv]t+ ! old riv]1 l ! ,clyde1 into a long wat]-/reet l9$ by sea-walls1 & kept con/antly dr$g$1 & connect$ ) ,london by special l9es ( railway4 ,b :at is to be ! propell+ p[] ( ! future levia?ans8 ,n /eam2 b electricity1 appli$ to ! ma*9]y f /orage batt]ies4 ,:y n8 ,,electric ,,/orage ,,z ,a ,,motive ,,p[] ,sceptics 9 ! pa/ argu$ t x 0 manife/ly impossible t vehicles w\ld ev] be horseless1 or t communications w\ld "o day be transmitt$ by telegraph1 n to speak ( ! "t :5 ev5 ! wires = t purpose w\ld be disp5s$ )2 :ile ! sugge/ion t artificial light w\ld be obta9$ ?r\gh any o!r ag5cy ?an c&les or oil-lamps1 & t sail-less %ips w\ld be propell$ aga9/ w9d & tide1 seem$ sav\r+ ( ,b$lam6 ,yet all ^! seem+ impossibilities1 & _m m1 h become realities4 ,s1 too1 w electrical m>9e propulsion1 &1 al?\gh we live 9 a m enlight5$ era ?an our ance/ors1 few p]sons ev5 n[ p]haps realise t %ips w be navigat$ )\t ei!r sail or /eam p[]4 ,by ?is "t1 h[ev]1 ! public h become s famili>is$ ) sci5tific m>vels1 t !y h ceas$ to wond] at any?+4 ,= in/ance1 !re is no?+ really m m>vell\s ?an t hundr$s1 or ev5 ?\s&s1 ( horse-p[] %\ld be borne by a copp] wire1 or a mod]ate cable1 & despat*$ to a di/ant po9t ) ! spe$ ( lightn+ = traction purposes2 b1 )\t kn[+ :at ! nature ( ! =ce is1 we cease to be a/oni%$ at x4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 x is n m occult ?an heat or light1 ! attraction ( gravity or cohesion4 ,!re=e :5 x 0 ann\nc$ la/ ye> t ,edison _h solv$ ! problem ( h[ to /ore electrical =ce effectually1 ev]ybody took x = grant$ t he _h be51 or w\ld ev5tually be1 z successful 9 ?is direction z 9 multiply+ electric light & apply+ x to a ?\s& new purposes4 ,! 8,wiz>d ( ,llewellyn ,p>k0 is necess>ily a sangu9e inv5tor1 b he has tak5 ! "r & only satisfactory way to det]m9e ! "q--t ( v>i$ & long-cont9u$ exp]im5t4 ,electricity diff]s f all o!r =ms ( p[] 9 two respects--x c be /or$1 & transmitt$ to a di/ance4 ,! task ( transmission has be51 & is be+1 rapidly a*iev$4 ,! f> great] object ( light & effici5t /orage1 ! mo/ mom5t\s problem await+ solution 9 ! :ole range ( practical physics1 may v %ortly be solv$4 ,9 brief1 ,edison's /orage batt]y cells are compos$ ( t9y bricks ( specially-prep>$ iron & nickel4 ,9 *>g+ & dis*>g+1 oxyg5 is driv5 f "o metal to ! o!r & back aga9 ?r\gh ! action ( a pota% solution1 & )\t corrosion or wa/e4 ,r5ewal ( ! wat] supply is all t is ne$$ to keep ! cells 9 good condition1 & a process ( re*>g+ has be5 improv$1 s t less "t is consum$ ?an = ! re*>g+ ( o!r batt]ies4 ,no wond] he believes t ! application ( /orage batt]ies w ultimately be ext5d$ to tra9s1 & especially to %ips4 ,! claim ( ! ,edison ,accumulator is t x w occupy ab\t ! same space z ! pres5t batt]y1 & t x w weigh only ab\t sev5ty p] c5t4 z mu*1 & w be m durable4 ,m5 conv]sant ) ! !ory ( electrical sci5ce are n s ?or\ghly impress$ ) ! "w accompli%$ z is ,mr4 ,edison4 ,! te/s t h be5 made h be5 m ?an duplicat$1 x is said1 by ! batt]ies n[ on ! m>ket4 ,we may assume1 !n1 t ei!r ,edison's or somebody else's me?od ( /or+ up electricity = ! propulsion ( sea-go+ vessels w be p]fect$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cd4 ,,electric ,,/orage ,,batt]ies ,by p]mission ( ! ,electric ,p[] ,/orage ,co41 ,ltd41 ,london ,,! 8,,pr9cess ,,ida0 ,,9 ,,! ,,ye> ,a4,d4 #ai-- ,e>ly "o morn+ 9 ! spr+ ( #ai--;a small p>ty ( ladies & g5tlem51 anxi\s to avoid ! ea/ w9d fi5d by fly+ f _! native %ores to mild] regions1 travell$ by ! electric railway t[>ds ! m\? ( ! ,?ames1 &1 bran*+ (f at a po9t ne> ,b>k+ ,junction1 trav]s$ ! new l9e1 runn+ = miles alongside ! spl5did quays rec5tly complet$ betwe5 ,galleon's ,rea* & ,tilbury1 :]e special b]?s 7 res]v$ = ! levia?an l9]s t _h begun runn+ f ! port ( ,london to ,cape ,t[n4 ,long be=e ! /ation 0 rea*$ inquir+ glances _h be5 ca/ riv]w>ds = ! fir/ glimpse ( ! giantess ,pr9cess ,ida4 8,t _c be ! ,pr9cess ,ida10 said an unbeliev+ & %ort-sight$ memb] ( ! p>ty to 8 %>p-ey$ fri5d1 :o 0 po9t+ to some?+ :i* 9 ! di/ance look$ l a c\ple ( ,:ite ,/> ,c$rics l9k$ toge!r & t[]+ above ! ro(s ( ! w>eh\ses t comm&$ ! quays4 8,well1 y w see = y\rself pres5tly10 he retort$4 8,see+ is believ+1 isn't x80 ,& z ! tra9 got ne>] & ne>]1 wond] & admiration increas$1 & :5 a break 9 ! l9e ( w>eh\ses gave !m a cle> view ( ! great vessel1 h] beautiful proportions1 h] poli%$ hull gleam+ 9 ! sunlight1 & h] exquisite cleanl9ess1 _! excitem5t & en?usiasm r5d]$ !m spee*less4 ,! ,pr9cess 0 b]!d close alongside ! riv] wall1 & ?r\gh a great slid+ port 9 h] side ov] a %ort1 /\t gangway l a drawbridge1 neat motor-c>s lad5 ) luggage1 & ) pass5g]s :o _h made ! run direct f _! ,london homes1 pass$ 9 cont9ually1 em]g+ lat] f a correspond+ port-hole "s di/ance away4 ,( c>go !re 0 none1 ! only resemblance to x be+ mails1 suffici5t 9 quantity1 h[ev]1 to fully load an ord9>y small /eam]4 ,z ^! 7 n tim$ to arrive alongside f ! ,g5]al ,po/ ,(fice until two o'clock1 ! p>ty _h pl5ty ( leisure to look ar\nd1 & f :at !y _h read ab\t ?is wond]ful %ip1 supplem5t$ by mu* in=mation suppli$ by a c\rte\s & communicative (ficial detail$ z cic]one1 !y 7 able to give ! foll[+ hi/ory & p>ticul>s ( t int]e/+ up-to-date creation ( %ipbuild+--! fair giantess ,pr9cess ,ida4 ,%e 0 con/ruct$ by ! ,?ames ,ironworks ,company1 a fl\ri%+ conc]n t wor?ily repres5t$ ! m>k$ revival ( ! %ipbuild+ indu/ry 9 ! _w's metropolis4 ,! mat]ial us$ ?r\gh\t1 except = ! l[] ma/s1 ma*9]y1 propell]s1 & rigg+1 0 alum9ium alloy$ ) copp]4 ,h] dim5sions 7 z foll[s3 l5g? ov] all1 #a1fjj feet2 bread? amid%ips1 #afd feet2 dep? f upp] deck1 #aaj feet2 e/imat$ gross regi/]$ tonnage1 #cc1ejj2 b h] l9es 7 s p]fect & graceful z to mask ^! enorm\s measurem5ts4#aj ,%e _h an 8entrance0 =w>d l a clipp] %ip1 & a 8cle>ance0 aft ( ! utmo/ f95ess1 ! /em be+ r\nd$ (f 9 mo/ beautiful curves4 ,h] floor 9 ! mid%ip sections 0 flat1 & resembl$ ! lett] ,u1 & deep bilge keels help$ to keep h] /eady1 & enabl$ h] to settle d[n ^u h] %ore cradle )\t risk ( cant+ or /ra9+4 ,h] horizontal outl9e reveal$ to nautical eyes j t am\nt ( 8%e]10 & no m1 necess>y = /r5g?1 ris+ almo/ imp]ceptibly to a graceful ov]hang+ b[1 f :i* po9t$ a tap]+ b[sprit1 app>5tly %ort1 b 9 reality a s+le massive sp> ( ,oregon p9e4 ,?is /yle _h be5 adopt$ by ! own]s because1 z !y argu$1 x add$ consid]ably to ! beauty ( ! great %ip1 & z %e probably w\ld nev] ent] a dock--us+ a %ore cradle :5 x 0 necess>y to cleanse ! hull--a few score feet add$ to h] l5g? w\ld make b little diff]5ce 9 ! room %e took up at ! quays4 ,! figure-head1 ( oxidis$ silv]1 0 a beautiful half-drap$ repres5tation ( ,t5nyson's fair ,pr9cess-- 8,all beauty compass'd 9 a female =m40 ,five magnific5t pole-ma/s1 set up ) ?ick wire %r\ds & back/ays1 rose al(t f h] deck1 _! l[] "p ( /eel1 ! upp] section ( poli%$ & v>ni%$ ,am]ican fir1 t]m9at+ 9 gild$ globes1 "o ( !m be+ specially set ap>t = ! wireless telegraph app>atus4 ,^! ma/s1 ) a graceful 8rake10 c\ld n h be5 mu* less ?an ?ree hundr$ feet high1 b 7 9 accurate proportion to ! l5g? ( ! ,pr9cess ,ida1 giv+ h] ! appe>ance ( a ,brobd+nagian five-ma/$ =e-&-aft s*oon]4 ,9 an em]g5cy1 sails c\ld be put up f !m to keep ! %ip's head to ! w9d & sea4 ,no v5tilators %[$ _! unsightly m\?s above ! v broad teak top-rail1 = !y 7 n ne$$2 b m ?an ! regulation numb] ( boats--ab\t eighty1 all hoi/$ electrically--hung f massive davits1 "s be+ electric laun*es4 ,no great =ty-feet wide funnels to hold ! w9d2 no top-hamp]+ sup]/ructures broke ! deck area1 save ! deck /airway h\ses & ! wide bridge1 ) its *>t-room1 capta9's sanctum1 & b9nacle h\se1 9 :i* a :eel t a *ild c\ld turn op]at$ ! /e]+-ge>1 consi/+ ( a great too!d p9ion :eel key$ to ! enorm\s rudd]1 & work$ by two electric motors us$ alt]nately4 ,f end to end 0 a d\ble /rip$ & fr+$ awn+4 ,! ,pr9cess c>ri$ a se>*-light ( enorm\s range & p[] on h] =ema/1 & h] sidelights 7 dispos$ )\t any disfigur+ effect on h] />bo>d & port b[s1 & n 9 m9iature ,eddy/ones4 ,h] an*or ge>1 work$ by electricity1 0 ! heavie/ ev] made1 & resembl$ t ( ! l>ge/ battle%ip4 ,ov] all float$ ! r$ m]*ant flag ( ,great ,brita91 #dj feet by #bd feet1 ! flag ( ! ,s\? ,african ,commonweal?1 ! ,blue ,pet] at ! =e1 & above ! taffrail ! beautiful blue ensign ( ! ,royal ,naval ,res]ve1 :ile 9 hon\r ( ?is h] maid5 voyage %e 0 dress$ ra9b[-fa%ion ) innum]able p5nons4 ,! hull 0 built on ! cellul> pr9ciple1 divid$ into wat]-tight comp>tm5ts up to above ! wat]l9e1 ! decks or floors be+ t5 9 numb]4 ,! mighty hold1 & ! space :]e bunk]s w\ld h be5 9 an ord9>y /eam]1 7 fill$ ) /orage batt]ies2 s t an imm5se area 0 at disposal = electric p[]1 r5ew$ daily by a wond]ful *emical process1 ! weight ( ! batt]ies--9 ?is case an advantage--tak+ ! place ( balla/1 keep+ ! ,pr9cess ,ida at an almo/ unv>y+ draught4 ,relatively ! ma*9]y ( ! ,pr9cess ,ida 0 simplicity itself4 ,%e _h ?ree propell]s t look$ inadequate to move s va/ a bulk4 ,!re 7 no quadruple expansion-balanc$ eng9es ) cyl9d]s ( #bh1 #da1 #eh1 & #hd in*es 9 diamet]1 & no bewild]+ ga!r+ ( cranks1 pi/ons1 rods1 & lev]s1 b ! %afts 7 c\pl$ direct to enorm\s electric motors :i* turn$ !m ) resi/less =ce1 )\t ! loss involv$ 9 ! use ( a long propell]-%aft4 ,!re 0 no escap+ /eam1 no heat1 no /uffy /okehold & fi]ce boil]s1 no smell ( oil & wa/e1 & ! v5tilation 0 almo/ z p]fect z on deck4 ,go+ on bo>d by ! c5tral gangway res]v$ = foot-pass5g]s1 "o ent]$ a spl5did hall fifty feet high & a hundr$ feet squ>e1 resembl+ ! l\nge saloon ( a big hotel1 ) glass dome-%ap$ skylight above--a w9t] g>d5 ) b$s ( fl[]s & gr\ps ( sea-lov+ palms at ! side1 kept-r5ew$ ?r\gh\t ! voyage2 s$uctive easy-*airs & c\*es scatt]$ ab\t2 tables "h & !re1 cov]$ ) p]iodicals & writ+ mat]ial2 :ile at "o end ( a plat=m1 us$ by ! %ip's b&1 & =m+ a m9iature /age1 0 a gr& piano back$ by a h&some curta9 ( peacock-blue plu%1 &1 fac+ x1 a f9e organ1 bo? in/rum5ts /rictly res]v$ = public ent]ta9m5ts1 !atrical & o!rwise4 ,! walls ( ?is beautiful saloon 7 ( poli%$ ,new ,zeal& woods1 ,kauri p9e pr$om9at+1 ?an :i* a light] & m elegant wa9scot c h>dly be imag9$4 ,fireplaces ) ornate ov]mantels burnt logs ( wood--a sacrifice to conv5tionality & s5tim5t1 z !y 7 n requir$ = w>m?1 ! %ip be+ light$ & heat$ ?r\gh\t by electricity4 ,9 g5]al arrangem5t ! int]ior ( ! %ip rem9d$ "o ( a mod]n hotel1 & ! illusion 0 height5$ by ! port-holes on ! ma9 or second deck be+ s arrang$ z to resemble plate-glass w9d[s set 9 frames ( great /r5g?1 & :5 ! vessel began to move on ! wat]s x 0 z if a section ( ! ,cecil ,hotel _h float$ (f into ! riv]4 ,b1 ?\gh beautifully furni%$1 ! %ip 0 n ov]done ) mean+less decoration4 ,mirrors 7 re/rict$ 9 numb]1 & !re 0 b little gild+4 ,r>e pa9t+s ( %ips1 birds1 & fl[]s 7 on ! walls1 :ile wood-c>v+s 9 ! /yle ( ,gr9l+ ,gibbons & delicate ,fr5* bronzes beautifi$ unsightly corn]s4 ,all ! decks 7 cov]$ ) india-rubb] laid ov] firepro( plank+1 r$uc+ noise to a m9imum1 ^? bel[ ! upp] deck be+ c>pet$2 & z all ! doors 7 slid+ & %ut noiselessly1 ! g5]al effect ( quietude 0 delightful1 ev5 ! electric gongs be+ subdu$ 9 tone4 ,! /yle ( uphol/]y ?r\gh\t 0 t ( ! late/ ,victorian ,era1 modifi$ to meet ! requirem5ts ( life at sea4 ,!re 01 ( c\rse1 a v gr& d9+-saloon1 & small] ones = private p>ties2 also a pr9cipal draw+-room1 b\doirs1 tea-rooms1 & 9 ! transoms 7i4e4 ! aft]mo/ "p ( ! %ip7 "o small & purely ornam5tal p>l\r 9 imitation ( ,pr9cess ,ida's 9 h] college-- 84444 a c\rt ,compact ( lucid m>bles1 boss'd ) l5g?s ,( classic frieze ) ample awn+s gay ,betwixt ! pill>s1 & ) great urns ( fl[]s0-- :]e a /atue ( t div9ity1 seat$ on a ?rone1 ) a c\ple ( tame leop>ds on ea* side1 0 plac$ z a k9d ( tutel>y g5ius1 to :i* ! s5tim5tal ladies on bo>d made weekly (f]+s ( ! *oice/ fl[]s !y c\ld get4 ,!n !re _h be5 skilfully provid$ 9 ?is wond]ful %ip a small oratory = ! use ( ,roman ,ca?olic pass5g]s1 sev]al libr>ies1 read+ & lecture rooms1 a music-room1 a c>droom1 smok+ saloons ( c\rse1 a billi>d-room1 7available 9 v f9e wea!r71 swimm+ or r plunge ba?s1 & electric & ord9>y ba?s 9 abundance made ( alum9ium2 besides massage-rooms1 coiffeurs' & b>b]s' saloons1 a %oot+-gall]y1 a po/ & telegraph (fice1 a gymnasium1 a skat+-r9k1 a b[l+-alley1 a photographic room1 an amateur's work%op1 an ap>tm5t specially set ap>t = p+-pong & simil> games1 ,am]ican b>s1 & a m9iature cafe = ! pleasure ( ^? :o w\ld make believe !y 7 /ill a%ore2 a t5nis-c\rt1 a m9iature golf-l9k1 a small runn+1 walk+1 & cycle track 7quoits1 cricket1 hockey1 & ev5 football c\ld always be enjoy$ on ! upp] deck71 an avi>y 7p>rots prohibit$71 a natural hi/ory room1 an aqu>ium1 a s]vants' hall1 a nurs]y 7a remote locality7 ) tracks = p]ambulators2 small %ops = confection]y1 mill9]y1 hosi]y1 & tobacco2 also a pr9t+-press1 a disp5s>y1 & a hospital2 a cell = insubord9ates1 &1 alas6 a mortu>y4#aa ,on ! upp] deck--s great 0 ! di/ance f /em to /]n1 twice up & d[n be+ m ?an a mile--small electric trolley-*airs 7 at ! disposal ( ! old or infirm to enable !m to take op5-air ex]cise4 ,a wide %elt]-prom5ade ran r\nd ! %ip's sides betwe5 two ( ! decks1 look+ out on ! sea ?r\gh spaci\s port-holes1 & :5 w9d & ra9 7 too pron\nc$ !re 7 ! roomy /airway h\ses on deck :]e9 to take refuge4 ,on e floor !re 7 lifts = ^? :o c>$ to use !m4 ,! telegraph & telephone made int]communication easy1 & at e corn] ( ! %ip1 ) its maze ( corridors & /aircases1 direction-tablets indicat$ "o's :]eab\ts4 ,families 7 accommodat$ ) furni%$ suites ( private rooms1 :i* c\ld be r5t$ or ev5 leas$4 ,"h !y c\ld br+ _! own s]vants1 & be bo>d$ indep5d5tly ( ! o!r travell]s4 ,^! suites v>i$ 9 size f a mode/ sitt+-room & b$room = solit>y c\ples1 to flats suitable = a l>ge numb]4 ,!re 7 b$rooms 7n cab9s7 = sp9/]s & ba*elors1 & d\ble-b$d$ rooms4 ,! famili> two1 f\r1 & six op5-b]!d /at]ooms 7 conspicu\s by _! abs5ce4 ,( regulations !re 7 few1 & ^! 7 fram$ = ! g5]al good & 7 /rictly en=c$4 ,no dogs or cats 7 all[$ 9 any "p ( ! %ip2 ! play+ ^u any in/rum5t1 except 9 ! music-room1 0 prohibit$1 & ?is appli$ ev5 to ! private suites2 small *ildr5 & babies 7 kept absolutely sep>ate f ! adults1 & smok+ 0 =bidd5 except 9 saloons set ap>t = t purpose & 9 private rooms4 ,all cook]y 0 done by electricity1#ab supplem5t$ by *>coal1 & ! scale ( provisions t _h to be dealt )1 ap>t f ! %ip's /ores = ! crew1 0 ,g>gantuan1 :ile fre% fruit1 fi%1 etc41 7 always obta9$ 9 addition at ! v>i\s /opp+ places4 ,= ! r\nd voyage1 ) all[ance = accid5ts1 say =ty-two days 9 all1 !re _h to be put on bo>d = ! pass5g]s3 ( fi%1 #cf1jjj lbs42 fre% meat 7beef1 mutton1 lamb1 veal1 & pork71 #cfg1gjj lbs42 f[ls & *ick5s1 #af1jjj2 ducks1 #a1hjj2 geese1 #iej2 turkeys1 #a1ejj2 p>tridges1 gr\se1 etc41 #c1fjj brace2 #bfj tons ( potatoes2 #efj hamp]s ( vegetables2 #d1jjj qu>ts ( ice-cream2 #ah1jjj qu>ts ( milk2 #bae1jjj eggs2 also cann$ goods1 butt]1 fl\r1 & groc]ies 9 proportion4 ,( *ampagne1 #ah1jjj bottles2 #ae1jjj ( cl>et2 #aaj1jjj ( ale2 #de1jjj ( /\t2 #hg1jjj ( m9]al wat]s2 & #aj1jjj bottles ( v>i\s spirits4 ,all ^!1 except ! /imulants1 7 pres]v$ 9 *ill$ rooms1 ! ice be+ made on bo>d4 ,at a p9* ! ,pr9cess ,ida c\ld accommodate--besides h] crew ( f\r hundr$1 a small army ( s]vants1 ! /ew>ds1 & /ew>desses 7!re 7 no /ok]s or firem57--six ?\s& s\ls2 b to ensure com=t1 only #c1ejj pass5g]s 7 z a rule book$1 necess>ily at high rates4 ,all 7 ( "o class1 ! only diff]5ce1 z 9 an hotel1 be+ 9 ! price paid = position4 ,! (fic]s 7 com=tably qu>t]$ 9 ! =w>d "p ( ! %ip 9 a mann] equal to ! fir/ class ( _m a /eam]2 ! crew b5ea?1 9 ! s-call$ =eca/le1 palatial 9 comp>ison ) ! old-fa%ion$ sail+ %ip4 ,by ! "t ! h&y-man _h tak5 ^! notes ,h4 ,m4's mails arriv$ alongside1 & 7 put on bo>d by electric trolleys ?r\gh ! c5tral side port4 ,!re 0 no /upefy+1 deaf5+ escape ( /eam1 & no madd5+ r++ ( great bells4 ,! ,blue ,pet]--"s fifte5 feet squ>e--flutt]$ d[n f ! =ema/1 & a megaphone 9 sonor\s tones ann\nc$ t ! h\r ( dep>ture _h arriv$1 & t visitors mu/ leave = ! %ore4 ,! ,ida began to %[ t %e c\ld move1 & maje/ically & sl[ly %ift$ h] position1 until h] b[ po9t$ seaw>d1 a mighty *e] go+ up f quay & %ip4 ,an unse5 or*e/ra gave =? 8,auld ,lang ,syne10 & 9 ! fad+ light ! ,pr9cess ,ida1 gl[+ ) inc&esc5ts1 h] syr5 s\nd+ at int]vals1 disappe>$ 9 ! riv] fog on h] maid5 voyage4 ,go+ d[n *annel at an easy fifte5 knots1 x 0 imm$iately noticeable h[ rem>kably /eady ! great %ip 0 9 ! *oppy sea4 ,!re 0 an entire abs5ce ( vibration1 p>tly attributable to ! metal ( :i* %e 0 con/ruct$1 & to ! p]fect balanc+ ( h] ma*9]y & nice adju/m5t ( weight ?r\gh\t h] holds4 ,ev5 9 ! ,bay ( ,biscay1 :i* 0 wavelessly heavy 9 long1 sull5 roll]s aft] a mighty /orm f ! we/ _h di$ away1 ! ,pr9cess behav$ l a real sea-lady1 yield+ sl[ly1 b /eadily1 to ! =ce majeur ( ! ,atlantic2 & no "o dreamt ( be+ sea-sick except "o v bili\s-look+ g5tleman1 a heavy eat]1 hail+ f ,brazil4 ,9 %ort1 %e prov$ h]self to be a spl5did sea-boat4 ,n a drop ( wat] c\ld rea* h] upp] decks2 pit* %e h>dly c\ld1 z h] great l5g? enabl$ h] to ride quietly across ! valleys betwe5 oncom+ waves4 ,a few h\rs' det5tion at beautiful ,madeira1 & %ortly aft]w>ds ,t5]iffe 0 rea*$1 :]e x began to be w>m2 b ! %ip 0 s spaci\s1 & 0 kept s cool by means ( refrig]ators1 electric fans1 &--:5 necess>y--punkahs1 t no "o felt 9 ! lea/ inconv5i5c$ by ! heat4 ,!re 7 no smuts1 no smoke1 &1 bett] /ill1 no smell ( oil or pa9t 7nei!r ( ^! be+ us$ on ! %ip71 no cockroa*es1 mosquitoes1 flies1 or rats6 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ce4 ,,electric ,,laun* ,,on ,,! ,,?ames ,by p]mission ( ! ,immis* ,electric ,laun* ,co41 ,ltd41 ,london ,"h %e began to put on spe$1 work+ up to eighte5 knots an h\r1 h] maximum 7v great spe$ be+ no special consid]ation71 & x 0 !n obs]v$ t s smoo? & tap]+ 7 h] l9es1 t %e slipp$ ?r\gh ! wat] rais+ b little b[ wave1 & almo/ z frictionless z a swift ocean-fi%4 ,an h\r or s at lonely ,asc5sion1 & ! same at ,/4 ,hel5a--9 ea* case to deliv] & receive mails1 & to keep up telegraphic communication ) ,london--a voyage altoge!r ( wondr\s beauty & enjoym5t1 nights ( solemn lovel9ess1 & days t broke 9 p]fect spl5d\r1 cl\dless1 save = little pat*es ( :ite "h & !re1 & ! ocean a dazzl+ radiance ( deep blue4 ,cape ,t[n--six ?\s& miles 9 sixte5 days out f ,tilbury--&1 greet$ by ?\s&s :o _h flock$ f f> & ne> to witness ! sight1 ! ,pr9cess ,ida glid$ to h] b]? inside ! great breakwat]4 ,& !re = ! pres5t ,i mu/ leave h]4 ,i ?9k ,i h demon/rat$ t1 !oretically at lea/1 ! t9y electric laun*es1 put on ! ,?ames 9 #ahhi by ! ,immis* ,company1 "o ( :i*1 ! ,lammda1 took ! !n ,pr9ce ( ,wales ?r\gh ,b\lt]'s ,lock1 0 ! =]unn] ( ! ocean /eam] ( ! tw5tie? c5tury4 ,b !re is no absolute novelty "u ! sun2 = x is /at$ t 9 #ahch a di/+ui%$ ,roman sci5ti/1 ,jacobi1 inv5t$ an electric motor :i* drove a small boat on ! ,neva at two miles an h\r4 ,,*apt] ,,xix ,,"s ,,electric ,,locomotion ,,drawbacks 8,p]fection is atta9$ by sl[ degrees2 %e requires ! h& ( "t40--,,voltaire4 ,,! ,,devil',s ,,advocate ,little m ne$ be said z to ! advantages ( ! new ord] ( ?+s1 = h[ev] te*nical op9ions may diff] ab\t ! relative advantages ( /eam or electricity1 !re _c be any d\bt t ! public fully recognise ! imm5se sup]iority ( ! latt] 9 details ( cleanl9ess & g5]al com=t4 ,tube railways are int5sely dislik$ by "s p1 & z he>tily appreciat$ by millions ( o!rs4 ,t !y are an advantage 9 _m ways is unque/ionable1 ?\gh !y are n yet )\t defects4 ,motor-c>s 7electric or petrol71 to ^? :o use !m1 appe> to be ! safe/ & mo/ delightful ( vehicles1 b "h aga9 p]fection has n be5 rea*$4 ,) ^! f\r well-kn[n =ms ( traction ,i mu/ n[ deal1 & n eulogi/icallv4 ,9 ! old days :5 "s recluse r5[n$ = 8 hol9ess--:i* he _h in/anc$ by liv+ unwa%$ = ye>s 9 a hair %irt until x fell to pieces--di$1 8 admir]s frequ5tly put 9 a claim = 8 canonisation4 ,?is necessitat$ ! appo9tm5t ( an individual call$ ! ,advocatus ,diaboli1 a lead] ( ! opposition1 ^: duty x 0 to raise all k9ds ( objections to ! grant+ ( ! sacr$ hon\r1 & to recall ev]y?+ possible to ! detrim5t ( ! c&idate4 ,n a pleasant task1 c]ta9ly1 b n altoge!r unnecess>y4 ,aft] ?is fa%ion x is fair to br+ up "s sort ( a case aga9/ electric traction4 ,,electric ,,railway ,,accid5ts ,,& ,,breakd[ns ,z reg>ds electric railway accid5ts & block+s ( tubes1 ! ,advocatus ,diaboli is able to quote r too _m examples4 ,comm5c+ ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :]e 9 ,july1 #aijb1 a c>1 desc5d+ ! m\nta9 on ! ,m\nta9 & ,lake ,electric ,railway1 ne> ,glov]sville1 :]e ! grade is a ?\s& feet 9 f\r miles1 became uncontrollable1 &1 acquir+ frightful velocity1 collid$ ) ano!r c> :i* 0 asc5d+ ! slope4 ,bo? c>s ru%$ d[n sev]al feet1 & !n ran (f ! rails4 ,ea* c> conta9$ sev5ty pass5g]s1 & ( ^! fifte5 7 kill$ & injur$4 ,t5 bodies1 mangl$ beyond recognition1 7 tak5 f ! wreckage4 ,mo/ ( ! victims 7 wom54 ,at home !re is ! disa/r\s ,liv]pool ,electric ,ov]head ,railway fire ( ,decemb] #bcrd1 #aija4 ,! tra9s are run on ! multiple control pr9ciple1 a motor at ea* end1 & ! accid5t 0 due to a defect 9 ! re> "o4 ,b z x is a typical case1 ,i w quote 9 full ! cause ( ! accid5t1 z assign$ by ,lieut5ant-,colonel ,h4 ,a4 ,yorke1 ! ,bo>d ( ,trade ,inspector4 ,he says3 8,a gale ( w9d 0 bl[+ f ! we/1 t is1 f ! m\? ( ! tunnel t[>ds ! /ation1 :i* caus$ ! fire to spread f c>riage to c>riage until ! :ole tra9 0 envelop$ 9 flames4 ,x is e/imat$ t ! tra9 0 well alight ab\t twelve m9utes aft] ! /oppage4 ,!re 7 tw5ty-n9e pass5g]s1 :o1 :5 ! tra9 fir/ came to a /&1 7 urg$ by ! driv] & gu>d to keep _! seats1 z !re 0 no dang]4 ,! driv] & gu>d seem to h made "s futile attempts to put out ! fire2 b x soon became app>5t t ! fire _h obta9$ ! ma/]y1 & ! pass5g]s f\nd x necess>y to alight4 ,!y _h only eighty y>ds to walk 9 ord] to rea* ! /ation1 & ! majority ( !m appe> to h gone to _! homes )\t any delay1 & to h suff]$ no ill-effects f ! fire4 ,x appe>s1 h[ev]1 f ! evid5ce t a few rema9$ beh9d1 presumably to wat* ! progress ( ! conflagration & ! result ( ! ef=t to control x40 ,! inspector w5t on to say t 9 8 op9ion x w\ld h be5 productive ( no s]i\s dang] _h only ! driv] act$ ) a mod]ate degree ( prud5ce4 ,:5 ?is man discov]$ t 8 re> motor _h fail$ 8 duty 0 to disconnect 8 re> motor by means ( ! plug provid$ = ! purpose 9 8 ap>tm5t4 ,he %\ld !n h run into ! /ation ) "o motor1 z is (t5 done4 ,= "s reason or o!r1 :i* _c be conjectur$1 ! driv]1 in/ead ( disconnect+ ! defective motor1 & 9 disreg>d ( ! w>n+ ( ! gu>d1 made repeat$ ef=ts to br+ x into use1 ! result be+ t be=e long ! woodwork ( ! re> c>riage 0 ignit$ by ! fla%es produc$ by ! electric arc :5 ! curr5t 0 swit*$ on to ! defective motor4 ,:ile ! driv] 0 s employ$ bo? he & ! gu>d appe> to h told ! pass5g]s to keep _! seats1 z !re 0 no dang]4 ,bo? ^! m5 & ! /ation =eman seem to h exhibit$ a lam5table lack ( judgm5t 9 ?is respect4 ,x is impossible n to feel t ! sacrifice ( life might h be5 easily avoid$4 ,if ! pass5g]s _h be5 hurri$ out ( ! tra9 z soon z x became evid5t t x _h brok5 d[n1 & if none ( !m _h be5 p]mitt$ to loit] ab\t ! /ation1 _! safety w\ld h be5 secur$4 ,& if ! tra9 m5 & /ation =eman1 :o des]ve cr$it = _! ef=ts to prev5t ! fire f spread+1 _h only realis$ soon] t ! tra9 0 doom$1 !y too _h ample "t to escape4 ,! cutt+ (f ( ! curr5t did no good1 b1 by putt+ ! place 9 d>kness1 r increas$ ! difficulties & dang] ( ! situation4 ,! lesson ( ! disa/] is1 t all woodwork %\ld be remov$ z f> z possible f ! electric ma*9]y ( ! railway c>riages1 & t = ! purpose ( insulation mat]ial %\ld be employ$ :i* is un9flammable4 ,( blocks or /oppages on tube railways ! foll[+ are examples4 ,s]i\s inconv5i5ce 0 caus$ on ,decemb] #cj?1 #aija1 by a mi%ap on ! ,c5tral ,london ,railway4 ,x appe>$ t j be=e five o'clock 9 ! morn+ a motor 0 be+ %unt$ into ! ,bank ,/ation to take ! fir/ tra9 to ,%eph]d's ,bu%1 :51 ?\gh go+ dead sl[1 "s ( ! ge> app>5tly f\l$ ! curr5t rail1 & x jump$ ! po9ts j :]e ! two tunnels jo91 & effectually prev5t$ any tra9 ent]+ or leav+ ei!r4 ,! ne>e/ 8cross-ov]10 by :i* tra9s c\ld be %unt$ f "o to ! o!r1 0 at ! ,briti% ,museum ,/ation1 b ev5 timely notice did n make ! walk ?r\gh ! wet any ! m attractive to bus9ess m51 ! ra9 hav+ caus$ all ! omnibuses to be fill$ long be=e !y got to ! /ation gates4 ,:5 ! l9e 0 con/ruct$ x 0 propos$ to make a second sid+ at ! ,bank z at ,%eph]d's ,bu%1 & _h ?is be5 done !re w\ld h be5 no dislocation ( traffic1 b fe>s = ! effects ( vibration on build+s above veto$ ! proposal4 ,on an ord9>y railway a p[]ful crane w\ld probably h be5 run alongside1 b ! space 9 ! tube is s circumscrib$ t x 0 ) ! utmo/ difficulty t ! eng9e1 :i* weigh$ =ty-f\r tons1 & 0 re/+ aga9/ ! side ( ! tunnel1 c\ld be mov$4 ,z ! aft]noon wore on1 cr[ds ( ,city m5 ga!r$ 9 ! subway 9 ! hope t ! ob/ruction w\ld soon be remov$1 b x 0 n till five o'clock t ! l9e 0 cle>$ & ! traffic resum$4 ,once m ! ,twop5ny ,tube di/+ui%$ itself by a /oppage4 ,x 0 on ,decemb] #cj?1 #aijb1 ! anniv]s>y ( ! precisely simil> mi%ap 9 #aija1 b =tunately ) less s]i\s results4 ,!n ! eng9e fell aga9/ ! side ( ! tube1 & ! workm5 c\ld only get at "o side ( x2 b ?is "o settl$ itself 9 su* a position t jacks c\ld be got to "w "u bo? sides4 ,! po9ts at ! t]m9us v mu* resemble ^? at ! ends ( ! tram l9es1 & ) ! trem5d\s traffic pass+ ov] !m 7eng9es #a1bjj times a day7 ! only wond] is t accid5ts ( ?is k9d d n occur m (t5 ?an once a ye>4 ,) a curi\s p]v]sity1 ! eng9e *ose ! "t--f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon--:5 x w\ld cause ! maximum ( inconv5i5ce1 & ! ?\s&s ( ,city m5 & wom5 go+ home realis$ m fully ?an ev] ! advantage ( ! tube4 ,! ne>e/ cross-ov] is betwe5 ! ,briti% ,museum & ,*anc]y ,lane1 & notice 0 at once giv5 t tra9s 7 runn+ betwe5 ! =m] /ation & ! we/]n t]m9us4 ,z soon z possible gangs ( m5 got to "w1 & )9 an h\r & a half ! :eels 7 got on1 b un=tunately x 0 v difficult to see :at _h caus$ ! mi%ap1 z 9 gett+ ! motor back ! evid5ces ( ! cause 7 remov$4 ,"s little delay 0 occasion$ by /raight5+ ! b5t rails1 b at half-pa/ eight an eng9e 0 run to & fro ov] ! po9ts to see t !y 7 all "r aga91 & a few m9utes lat] ! message 0 s5t to all /ations3 8,resum$ book+s & ord9>y work+40 ,^! mi%aps %[$ h[ necess>y x 0 t1 in/ead ( cross-ov]s1 loops %\ld be provid$1 r\nd :i* tra9s c\ld be run4 ,janu>y #af?1 #aijb1 witness$ an accid5t on ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,electric ,railway1 happily unatt5d$ ) s]i\s consequ5ces4 ,a tra9 left ! ,elephant & ,ca/le ,/ation %ortly aft] sev5 a4m41 & _h proce$$ "s two hundr$ y>ds t[>ds ! ,bor\gh :5 :at is te*nically kn[n z a 8%ort0 occurr$ 9 ! swit*4 ,?is means1 r\ghly1 t ! curr5t _h *os5 to g a way ( its own in/ead ( ?r\gh ! insulat$ wires to ! motor4 ,h5ce1 an 8arc0 0 produc$--t is1 an arc lamp on a l>ge scale4 ,! insulat+ mat]ial began to burn & smell & smoke4 ,small defects ( ?is k9d are common en\gh1 & ! flame is frequ5tly put out ) ! driv]'s h& or cap4 ,on ?is occasion ! flame resi/$ all ef=ts to put x out1 & ! driv] _h to /op ! c>s & s5d back = assi/ance4 ,! foll[+ tra9s came on sl[ly1 & ! eng9e pu%$ ! brok5-d[n pr$ecessor on to ! ,bor\gh ,/ation4 ,x 0 f\nd necess>y to ask ! pass5g]s 7=tunately numb]+ only ab\t ?irty or =ty7 to leave ! tra91 & ! fire 0 !n easily ext+ui%$1 ?\gh x 0 f\nd necess>y to cut (f ! curr5t f ! g5]at+ /ation = a %ort "t4 ,! l9e 0 only block$ = ab\t an h\r1 & ! accid5t 0 ( little importance except z illu/rat+ "o advantage :i*1 x is said1 ! 8eng9e0 sy/em ( electric traction possesses ov] ! 8multiple unit40 ,,m$ical ,,objections ,,to ,,tube ,,travell+ ,b ap>t f accid5ts & breakd[ns1 a t]rible indictm5t is br\ght aga9/ tube railways 9 g5]al1 & ! ,c5tral ,london 9 p>ticul>1 :i*1 if true1 con/itutes a v]itable drawback4 ,! accus] is ,dr4 ,l4 ,c4 ,p>kes1 ,m$ical ,(fic] ( ,heal? = ,*elsea1 :o says3 8,tube railways are /ill su* a comp>ative novelty1 t ! "q ( ! heal?9ess ( ?is mode ( travel has n yet be5 fully det]m9$4 ,dr4 ,wynt] ,bly?1 9 an address a ye> ago1 gave ! results ( "s exp]im5ts on ! v5tilation & condition ( ! atmosph]e 9 ! tubes & /ations ( ! ,c5tral ,london ,railway4 ,! *ief cause ( ! movem5ts ( air 9 ! tubes & /ations1 lifts & /airways1 is ! passage ( ! tra9s along ! tubes1 :i* ! c>riages ne>ly fill1 ?us act+ z a pi/on 9 a cyl9d]1 driv+ air be=e !m & suck+ x 9 f beh9d 9 _! progress f "o /ation to ano!r4 ,! condition ( ! atmosph]e1 0 n excessively f\l1 ! l>ge/ am\nt ( ,,co asc]ta9$ to be pres5t1 be+ #aai p>ts p] #aj1jjj vols4 ,?is sample 0 tak5 9 a c>riage conta9+ tw5ty-sev5 p betwe5 ! ,lanca/] ,gate & ,m>ble ,ar* ,/ations4 ,! am\nt ( ,,co pres5t 9 ! air ( ! /ation's lifts & /airways v>i$ betwe5 #h & #aa p>ts p] #aj1jjj4 ,9 no case1 !n1 did ,dr4 ,wynt] ,bly? f9d ! am\nt ( ,,co 9 ! air ( ! tube to be m ?an ?ree times ! am\nt usually pres5t 9 ! out] atmosph]e ( ! ,london /reets 7av]age #d p>ts p] #aj1jjj74 ,contra/$ ) ! tunnel ( ! ,metropolitan ,railway betwe5 ,g[] ,/reet & ,k+'s ,cross ,/ations1 :]e a sample ( ! air tak5 %[$ t ,,co 0 pres5t to ! ext5t ( #bei p>ts p] #aj1jjj1 ! air ( ! tube railway is comp>atively pure40 ,dr4 ,p>kes cont9ues3 8,x may be safely ass]t$ t con/ant travell+ day aft] day1 ev5 if only = a limit$ p]iod ea* day1 9 an atmosph]e conta9+ #ae to #bj p>ts p] #aj1jjj ( ,,co1 su* ,,co be+ d]iv$ solely f a human s\rce1 mu/ ev5tually t5d to injure heal?4 ,!re are two o!r dang]s 9 tube-travell+ :i* require notice4 ,fir/1 ! dang] 9 ! w>m summ] & ! cold w9t] mon?s alike ( bodily *ill4 ,9 ! hot wea!r ! travell] passes sudd5ly f ! w>m /reet into a mu* cold] atmosph]e bel[ ! gr\nd level4 ,9 ! w9t] ! rev]se happ5s--! pass5g] :o has be5 w>m$ & en]vat$ by ! devitalis$ air bel[ meets ! *illy w9try bla/ on em]g+ into ! /reet4 ,secondly1 ! air ( ! tube be+ v dry1 & con/antly 9 movem5t1 !re mu/ be mu* organic du/ ( human orig9 float+ 9 x4 ,! dang]s ( tub]cul> expectoration are no d\bt int5sifi$ 9 su* a dry & %ift+ atmosph]e z t ( ! tube1 & ! caution>y notices to prev5t spitt+ are wisely exhibit$ 9 e c>riage40 ,on ! :ole1 ,dr4 ,p>kes fav\rs op5 air to o!r me?ods ( travell+4 ,he recomm5ds t z f> z possible travell+ %\ld be by r\tes op5 to ! air ( heav54 ,,*apt] ,,xx ,,"s ,,electric ,,locomotion ,,drawbacks 7cont9u$7 ,,tramway ,,accid5ts ,:5 ! ,*iswick ,high ,road tram-l9e 0 be+ made ! tradesm5 petition$ ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil aga9/ x4 ,!y compla9$ ( ! annoyance z well z ( ! dang] ( ! trams4 ,!y said t ! trams1 be+ l>ge 7c>ry+ sev5ty p 9 all7 & runn+ on eight :eels1 made consid]ably m noise ?an ! light horse-c>2 t ! motor 0 n sil5t1 & ! progress ( ! trolley along ! %iv]+ ov]head wire made a cont9u\s1 mo/ unmusical1 & p5etrat+ d92 :ile ! brake--( necessity p[]ful--also _h a h>% note q its own4 ,to ?is 0 add$ ! noise & fla% ( electric sp>ks & a s+ul>ly sonor\s & imp]ative bell 9 place ( ! usual :i/le2 & z ! c>s came along e two & a half m9utes 9 ea* direction1 !y :o dwelt along ! r\te did n f9d !m altoge!r lovely4 ,"s p ma9ta9 t electric trams are n m]ely unlovely1 b are decid$ly dang]\s to travel 94 ,!re h be5 electric tram accid5ts1 ( c\rse1 & v s]i\s ones4 ,= in/ance1 at ,hudd]sfield1 "o ,june night 9 #aijb1 a c>1 z x approa*$ ! t[n & 0 half-way d[n an incl9e ( a mile 9 l5g?1 got out ( control4 ,! trolley arm left ! wire1 plung+ ! conveyance into d>kness4 ,by ?is "t ! pace ( ! c> 0 too great to p]mit ( anyone gett+ (f4 ,x w5t :izz+ pa/ ! c> /&+ 9 ! next loop2 b fail+ to negotiate a %>p curve at ! bottom ( ,som]set ,road1 ran /raight across ! /reet1 sma%+ ! pavem5t & da%+ ) great =ce into a groc]'s %op1 ! wood5 front ( :i* collaps$4 ,! front ( ! c> 0 also driv5 94 ,?ree p]sons 7 kill$ & six s]i\sly injur$4 ,at ,*a?am a cata/rophe1 result+ 9 f\r dea?s & _m injuries1 is /ill fre% 9 p's m9ds4 ,x occurr$ on ,octob] #cj?1 #aijb1 & 0 extraord9>y 9 _m respects1 ! tram be+ completely wreck$4 ,! ,*a?am & ,di/rict ,light ,railway is work$ z an electric tramway on ! ov]head trolley sy/em1 & has be5 9 op]ation ab\t twelve mon?s4 ,! sc5e ( ! mi%ap 0 at ! foot ( ,we/c\rt ,/reet1 ,old ,brompton1 9 ! p>i% ( ,gill+ham1 close to ! ma9 entrance to ,*a?am ,docky>d1 :]e !re is a v /eep gradi5t4 ,a workm5's c>1 fill$ ) me*anics & lab\r]s on _! way to "w1 sudd5ly bolt$ 9 desc5d+ ! hill1 not)/&+ t ! brakes _h be5 duly appli$4 ,! weight ( ! heavily lad5 vehicle increas$ ! velocity e y>d ( ! way1 & a t]rific pace 0 obta9$4 ,!re is a %>p curve 9 ! railway at ! end ( ! road4 ,! pass5g]s scream$ z !y realis$ _! dang]4 ,! driv] %\t$ to !m to jump (f ! c>1 :i* _m did2 & ! driv] & conductor !mselves took a leap = _! lives1 & ?us avoid$ s]i\s injury4 ,z anticipat$1 ! curve prov$ fatal to ! safety ( ! c>4 ,! heavy vehicle toppl$ ov] on its side ) a t]rific cra%1 & ! pass5g]s1 project$ 9 all directions1 made a confus$ heap 9 ! highway4 ,^? :o 7 n s]i\sly injur$ /ruggl$ to _! feet1 b o!rs rema9$ pro/rate1 unable to move1 %riek+ or groan+ ) pa91 & sev]al m 7 r5d]$ ins5sible4 ,assi/ance 0 spe$ily =?com+1 & ! suff]]s 7 remov$ to ! ,royal ,naval ,hospital1 :i* is )9 a /one's-?r[ ( ! sc5e ( ! accid5t4 ,9 ,septemb] ( ! same ye> a rem>kable accid5t took place at ,glasg[1 also ) fatal results4 ,ab\t half-pa/ n9e "o ,saturday night1 :5 ! /reets 7 at _! busie/1 a ,possilp>k c> got out ( ! driv]'s control1 & began to move d[n a slope ( ,r5field ,/reet1 :i* is ! ma9 c> art]y ( ,glasg[4 ,:]e ,r5field ,/reet cuts ,sau*iehall ,/reet1 ! pr9cipal ?or\ghf>e ( ! city1 ! vehicle da%$ into a ,pollok%ields c>1 /&+ at ! junction4 ,bo? c>s left ! rails1 & ! runaway1 )\t p]ceptible int]ruption1 cont9u$ on its c>e]1 driv+ ! o!r be=e x1 ! conductors' plat=ms be+ int]lock$4 ,a few y>ds fur!r on a ,d5ni/[n c> 0 enc\nt]$4 ,! two lock$ c>s swept d[n1 &1 driv+ ! ?ird 9 front ( !m1 cont9u$ _! c\rse d[n to ,argyle ,/reet1 a di/ance ( ab\t six hundr$ y>ds4 ,a long succession ( c>s 0 mov+ upw>ds1 & ) ! mom5tum ! ?ree heavy c>s _h !n atta9$ a disa/] seem$ imm95t4 ,h[ev]1 :]e ! ,d5ni/[n l9e1 com+ out ( ,/4 ,v9c5t ,place1 jo9s ,r5field ,/reet1 ! =emo/ ( ! ?ree runaways took ! bran* po9ts1 sw]v$ ) su* spe$ t x fail$ to keep ! rails1 & plung$ headlong across ! /reet1 be+ ev5tually br\ght up by ! wall ( a %op4 ,! second & ?ird c>s1 /ill lock$ toge!r1 foll[$ ! =m]1 /rik+ ! %op almo/ at ! same po9t4 ,at ,devonport ano!r accid5t1 result+ 9 dea?1 occurr$ ! same mon?4 ,ab\t n9e o'clock 9 ! morn+1 a c> conta9+ eight pass5g]s1 six ( :om 7 on ! top1 got beyond ! control ( ! driv] on ! incl9e lead+ to ! ,s\?-,we/]n ,railway ,/ation4 ,! p[]ful brakes 7 promptly appli$1 b fail$ to *eck ! progress ( ! c>1 :i* rapidly ga!r$ mom5tum1 al?\gh ! rev]s+ ge> 0 also appli$ at full pressure4 ,at ! foot ( ! slope1 :]e ! l9e takes a %>p curve into "o ( ! ma9 roads to ,devonport1 ! vehicle1 :i* _h by ?is "t atta9$ a t]rific pace1 jump$ ! rails1 cross$ ! road1 & da%$ into a wall enclos+ ! c>riage entrance to ! /ation4 ,! =ce ( ! impact broke ! wall1 & caus$ ! c> itself p>tly to topple ov]4 ,"s ( ! t]rifi$ pass5g]s on ! top jump$ into ! roadway1 & o!rs 7 ?r[n (f4 ,"o "y man1 9 jump+ (f1 succe$$ 9 cle>+ ! c> & ! wall1 b z he alight$ 9 ! roadway1 :i* slopes d[n to ! entrance ( ! /ation1 a piece ( granite cop+1 weigh+ sev]al hundr$weight1 dislodg$ by ! =ce ( ! collision1 fell on 8 head1 dea? be+ in/antane\s4 ,o!r injur$ p]sons 7 ly+ 9 ! roadway "s di/ance f ! wreck$ c>1 ! upp] "p ( :i* 0 a %apeless mass ( brok5 seats & twi/$ rails4 ,! position ( ! c> enabl$ x to be se5 t ! brakes 7 gripp+ ! :eels lightly1 :ile ! wood5 brakes1 :i* act on ! l9es1 appe>$ to be d[n to ! utmo/ ext5t4 ,9 ?is case ! v]dict ( ! coron]'s c\rt co9cid$ ) ! ,bo>d ( ,trade's subsequ5t report1 to ! effect t ! accid5t 0 br\ght ab\t by ! neglig5ce & incapacity ( ! driv] ( ! c>1 ! ,bo>d ( ,trade add+ t ! cause 0 excessive spe$ on a /eep gradi5t & %>p curve1 t ! driv] 0 responsible = ! accid5t 9 fail+ to use ! brake-p[]1 & 9 disobey+ ! company's ord]s by leav+ ! /opp+-place )\t a signal4 ,^! runn+s away ( electric trams call$ = increas$ att5tion to ! "q ( brakes1 :i*1 ?\gh !y w always hold a c> on a /iff incl9e on dry rails1 yet :5 ! track is greasy !y introduce an elem5t ( dang] by reason ( _! v p[]4 ,!y skid ! :eels1 :i* is always a s\rce ( great dang]4 ,9 su* cases safety lies 9 relax+ ! pressure1 b x ne$s a w>y bra9 & firm n]ves to ease (f ! brake at all :5 ! c> has already bolt$4 ,!n !re are collisions1 :i* luckily seldom occur4 ,9 ,octob] la/ "o took place betwe5 two electric tramc>s betwe5 ,middleton & ,rhodes1 ne> ,man*e/]4 ,! c>s 7 c>ry+ workm51 & ! accid5t occurr$ ne> :at is kn[n z ! ,p>kfield loop4 ,! vehicles 7 travell+ 9 opposite directions1 & ow+ to "s cause1 at pres5t unexpla9$1 !y bo? got on ! same l9e1 in/ead ( "o wait+ on ! loop4 ,ab\t twelve ( ! pass5g]s 7 m or less hurt by brok5 glass1 & "o ( ! driv]s 0 injur$ ab\t ! leg4 ,c>s c be completely ov]turn$1 z 0 prov$ by an incid5t t happ5$ 9 ,decemb] la/ ye> to "o ( ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil trams4 ,x left ! metals at ,/4 ,george's ,circus1 & aft] jolt+ along = a few y>ds sl[ly toppl$ ov] into a dit* ?ree feet deep1 :i* _h be5 dug on ! ne> side = ! purpose ( lay+ ! electrical connections4 ,!re 7 ab\t t5 pass5g]s on ! top & twelve inside1 & ! tram 0 already ov]turn+ be=e !y _h fully realis$ _! dang]4 ,=tunately !y reta9$ _! pres5ce ( m9d1 & ^? on ! top1 by cl++ to ! rails1 prev5t$ !mselves f be+ hurl$ into ! roadway4 ,two small boys1 :o 7 unable to reta9 _! grip ( ! rail :5 ! side ( ! c> /ruck ! gr\nd1 7 ?r[n (f into ! gutt]1 b escap$ ) little m ?an a few cuts & a sev]e %ak+4 ,! cause 0 difficult to discov]1 b probably z ! l9es 7 be+ re>rang$ "s piece ( iron or o!r h>d sub/ance elud$ ! obs]vation ( ^? put to wat*1 got into ! groove ( ! metals1 & caus$ ! c> to jump ! rail at a spot :]e excavations 7 be+ made4 ,9 our climate tramway traffic is n expos$ to any v inclem5t wea!r1 s t electric traction is n likely to prove a failure by reason ( heavy sn[falls1 z 9 ,new ,york la/ w9t] dur+ a blizz>d4 ,,electric ,,%ocks ,!re is a s]i\s feature 9 ! ov]head trolley sy/em :i* ought n to be ov]look$1 z ! foll[+ w %[4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ,sund]l& f\r pr9cipal /reets cross1 & "h1 ab\t eight o'clock "o ,saturday night 9 ,augu/1 #aijb1 :5 ! ?or\ghf>es 7 conge/$ ) p1 ! trolley-arm ( a tram-c> became entangl$1 & no few] ?an ?ree live electric wires snapp$4 ,a woman receiv$ a sev]e %ock ?r\gh "o ( !m /rik+ an iron h&rail on ! tram :i* %e 0 bo>d+2 b ! promptitude ( a motor inspector 9 turn+ (f ! curr5t av]t$ fur!r p]sonal injury4 ,! ,fulham ,public ,ba?s trag$y at ! beg9n+ ( ?is ye> exemplifi$ ! fact t x does n require a high alt]native curr5t to kill4 ,"u c]ta9 conditions #bjj volts are suffici5t4 ,crim9als are electrocut$ at a voltage ( #b1jjj1 ! curr5t passes 9 at ! skull4 ,! murd]\s elephant1 ,topsy1 9 ,new ,york paid ! p5alty ( h] misde$s by hav+ a curr5t ( #f1fjj volts pass$ ?r\gh h]1 & di$ 9 t5 seconds2 b a m9ute be=e1 %e _h swall[$ #dfj gra9s ( cyanide ( potassium6 ,my own p]sonal exp]i5ce some:at resembles t ( ! woman at ,sund]l&4 ,x 0 at ,ramsgate on a ra9y day1 &1 ! c> be+ full inside1 ,i _h to travel outside1 seats1 metal-"w1 & ev]y?+ be+ naturally v wet1 & 9 tak+ hold ( ! iron fram+ ( a seat ,i exp]i5c$ s /rong a %ock t ,i call$ up ! conductor4 ,he ridicul$ ! idea1 b :ile he 0 argu+ ! matt] out1 cont5d+ t x 0 an impossibility1 he inadv]t5tly grasp$ ! wet trolley-pole1 :i* gave him su* an electric s5sation t he yell$ & fell flat on ! ro(4 ,! c> _h to be /opp$1 & until ! ra9 ceas$ no pass5g]s 7 all[$ outside4 ,,motor-,,c> ,,accid5ts ,by ^? :o dislike !m1 e imag9able evil is laid at ! doors1 or1 r1 ! :eels ( motor-c>s1 :e!r propell$ by petrol or electricity1 & record$ accid5ts are quot$1 *apt] & v]se be+ giv5 to %[ t !y are ! enemies ( p$e/rian1 driv+1 & cycl+ mank9d4 ,"h are "s examples4 ,on a /eep hill 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,grim/horpe1 ne> ,b\rne1 on ,may #be?1 #aijb1 a motor-c> got out ( control & ov]turn$4 ,! driv]1 employ$ by ,"l ,will\ghby de ,eresby1 ,m4,p41 = :om ! vehicle _h be5 built at ,birm+ham1 0 in/antane\sly kill$1 8 skull be+ fractur$4 ,he _h br\ght ! c> to ,grim/horpe ,ca/le only ! previ\s ev5+1 & 0 out ) a p>ty ( fri5ds1 mo/ly ,"l ,anca/]'s employs1 :5 ! accid5t happ5$4 ,"o man 0 badly injur$1 & two o!rs ( ! p>ty receiv$ slight injuries1 b a *ild1 :o 0 flung ov] a h$ge1 escap$ unhurt4 ,! foll[+ day a motor-c> 0 be+ driv5 d[n a /eep hill j outside ,/r\d1 :5 ! brake fail$ to act1 & ! c> ran viol5tly into a /one wall1 c>ry+ "p ( x away4 ,"o ( ! occupants1 a local clo? manufactur]1 0 s]i\sly injur$1 & a g5tleman :o accompani$ him escap$ ) "s ugly bruises4 ,an accid5t occurr$ ne> ,re>sby1 ,leice/]%ire1 on ,augu/ #i?1 #aijb1 :]eby ! ma/] ( ! ,quorn ,hunt1 ,capta9 ,burns ,h>topp1 & ,mr4 ,a4 ,burnaby 7 injur$4 ,! p>ty 7 motor+ f ,little ,dalby ,hall to ,quorn1 :51 ne> ,re>sby1 ! c> ran into a c[1 ) ! result t ! occupants 7 pit*$ out & ! c> 0 wreck$4 ,capta9 ,burns ,h>topp 0 pick$ up 9 a semi-consci\s condition1 ,mr4 ,burnaby 0 m s]i\sly injur$1 :ile ,mr4 ,da%wood escap$ ) a %ak+4 ,a curi\s escape 0 witness$ ! same day at ,monm\?4 ,g5]al ,sir ,evelyn ,wood1 :o 0 accompani$ by ,colonel ,gri]son1 act+ ,q4,m4,g41 & ,capta9 ,wood1 ,a4,d4,c41 _h be5 inspect+ ! ,monm\? ,royal ,eng9e]s 7,militia7 "u ! comm& ( ,"l ,raglan4 ,aft]w>ds ! ,g5]al & /aff proce$$ 9 a motor-c> to ,ab]gav5ny4 ,:ile ! ma*9e 0 be+ rev]s$ t[>ds ! entrance ( ! ,angel ,hotel a brake refus$ to "w1 & ! c> m\nt$ ! pavem5t & ran into ! wall ( a %op1 j miss+ a plate-glass w9d[4 ,capta9 ,wood1 :o _h alight$1 n>r[ly escap$ be+ caught betwe5 ! motor & ! wall4 ,! foll[+ mon? a motor-c> accid5t occurr$ at ,b>net1 :5 ! ,hon4 ,c4 ,s4 ,rolls 0 return+ home 9 a motor-c> f ,b>net ,fair4 ,mr4 ,rolls saw a trap conta9+ ?ree or f\r p]sons approa*+ him1 & he /e]$ 8 c> into ! h$ge1 b a collision c\ld n be avoid$4 ,"o ( ! occupants ( ! trap--a y\?--0 ?r[n to ! gr\nd1 & ! horse 0 cut on ! leg4 ,mr4 ,rolls escap$ ) a slight %ak+4 ,on ! #ag? ( ,octob] la/1 :ile motor+ f ,*e/]1 ! ,rev4 ,ar?ur ,gue/1 vic> ( ,l[] ,peov]1 ) 8 wife & a fri5d1 _h a />tl+ exp]i5ce4 ,9 /e]+ pa/ a milkc>t ne> ,lo/ock ,*emical ,works1 ! c> ran into a brick wall & 0 ov]turn$ & badly sma%$4 ,! vic>1 /range to say1 escap$ )\t injury1 b 8 wife & fri5d 7 n s =tunate4 ,a lam5table cata/rophe occurr$ 9 ,febru>y ?is ye> 9 ,london1 :5 ,mr4 ,george ,edw>d ,colebrook1 an ,au/ralian m]*ant1 ( ,/4 ,m>y ,axe1 ,e4,c41 lo/ 8 life4 ,x appe>$ t on ! previ\s ,sunday ! deceas$ w5t = 8 fir/ motor-c> ride ) 8 bro!r-9-law1 accompani$ also by ! own] ( ! c> & a pr(essional driv]4 ,!re _h be5 a %>p fall ( sn[ & hail1 & ! roads 7 9 a bad /ate4 ,:5 attempt+ to pass at a mod]ate pace ano!r c> 9 ! ,f9*ley ,road1 ne> ! ,royal ,oak at ,h5don1 ! h9d :eels skidd$4 ,! c> turn$ r\nd & ran aga9/ a rais$ footpa? & !n ov]turn$4 ,mr4 ,colebrook 0 fatally injur$1 & di$ on ,tuesday night f concussion ( ! bra91 hav+ be5 unconsci\s f ! "t ( ! accid5t4 ,8 bro!r-9-law receiv$ a fractur$ arm & o!r injuries4 ,,! ,,g5]al ,,v]dict ,?us mu* = ! opposition1 & ! ,advocatus ,diaboli n[ resumes 8 seat4 ,8 accusations appe> =midable2 b x might be ju/ly po9t$ out t if a catalogue 7 compil$ ( ! s]i\s results caus$ by ! %ortcom+s ( ! horse1 motor-c> accid5ts w\ld be f\nd few 9 comp>ison4 ,x might be demon/rat$ t 9 twelve days #ag p]sons _h be5 kill$ & #adc injur$ 9 accid5ts attributable to t noble animal4 ,:5 ! =ego+ tram & motor casualties are analys$1 x w be f\nd t ! majority 7 due to lack ( control ov] ! brake p[]1 to ignorance1 or to c>eless driv+4 ,z ,i h obs]v$ be=e1 _m evils h be5 laid to ! *>ge ( electric traction4 ,la/ ye> x 0 report$ 9 ! pap]s t a "y woman _h be5 in/antane\sly kill$ at ,%eph]d's ,bu% by ! ov]head wires4 ,! fatality 0 attribut$ to "o ( ! guide-wires break+ at ! extreme end 7an accid5t :i* _h really occurr$ on ! l9e71 b x _h be5 replac$ be=e ! "y lady fell d[n 9 ! road1 & x 0 prov$ at ! inque/ t %e di$ 9 ! normal way ( he>t disease4 ,9 ! old coa*+ days ! dire =ebod+s ( evil aris+ f travell+ by /eam 7 mu* m compreh5sive ?an ^? ( ! pres5t day f electric travell+4 ,horse-bre$+1 x 0 said1 w\ld cease & f>m]s become ru9$1 _! crops p]haps de/roy$ by sp>ks f pass+ eng9es2 human be+s w\ld be asphyxiat$ :ile ru%+ ?r\gh ! air at trem5d\s spe$s2 high roads w\ld fall to rack & ru92 & e innkeep] on coa* r\tes w\ld be bankrupt$6 ,9 fact1 a lam5table social revolution 0 b\nd to be br\ght ab\t by ,/eph5son's pe/il5tial proposals6 ,( electrical traction1 its greate/ detractors c only urge--& ) tru?--t x is n yet )\t drawbacks1 n yet s p]fect$ z to r5d] accid5ts impossible4 ,& ! ,advocatus ,diaboli1 aft] due consid]ation ( 8 own argum5ts1 g5]\sly ackn[l$ges t he has fail$ to make out 8 case4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi ,,electric ,,locomotion ,,& ,,our ,,national ,,life 8,long sleeps ! summ] 9 ! se$2 ,run out y\r measur$ arcs1 & lead ,! clos+ cycle ri* 9 good40--,,t5nyson4 ,,h[ ,,x ,,affects ,,exi/+ ,,railways ,?omas ,alva ,edison is report$ to h said1 8,electricity w displace /eam10 &1 tak+ 8 pr$iction z a text1 ,i w beg9 by quot+ a few figures2 = ,briti%]s1 ?\gh !y may affect o!rwise1 de>ly love /ati/ics4 ,well1 9 ! ye> t ,que5 ,victoria asc5d$ ! ?rone ! capital inve/$ 9 railways might h be5 express$ 9 a few figures4 ,:5 %e di$1 ! 8iron horse0 repres5t$ ! va/ sum ( twelve hundr$ millions /]l+4 ,tw5ty ye>s ago inve/m5ts 9 electric traction ent]prises am\nt$ to n m ?an #ajj1jjj4 ,to-day !y involve imm5se sums1 ! ,c\nty ,c\ncil's s*eme = ,london alone runn+ up to #ej1jjj1jjj6 ,b ?is is no?+ to ! probabilities ( ! ne> future1 z ,mr4 ,p]cy ,sellon po9t$ out to ! ,london ,*amb] ( ,comm]ce4 8,)9 ! next t5 ye>s10 he said1 8electric supply & traction may be expect$1 ) a fair field1 to engage at lea/ #bej millions ( capital02 & ?is e/imate seems to be by no means exagg]at$2 9 fact1 x is und]rat$4 ,z "o ( ! lead+ 8dailies0 obs]ves1 8,ap>t f su* a l>ge project z ! electrification ( ! ,di/rict & ,metropolitan ,railways1 !re is sc>cely a municipal au?ority 9 ,great ,brita9 :i* has n 9 h& "s s*eme ( electric railway1 tramway1 or light+4 ,x is z well to ?9k t electricity is n ! ag5t ( ! future1 b ( ! pres5t1 & an era :i* has already dawn$4 ,9 displacem5t ( /eam1 electricity is evid5tly de/9$ to be "o ( ! products ( ! fir/ qu>t] ( ! tw5tie? c5tury40 ,x may be surmis$ t by ! "t ,mr4 ,sellons t5 ye>s h expir$ all ! great railway companies 9 ! k+dom w h adopt$ electricity z motive p[]1 c]ta9ly on _! suburban l9es1 & = ! pass5g] traffic on ! ma9 l9es4 ,) :at effect1 & at :at co/8 ,! latt] "q c h>dly be answ]$1 b ! =m] may be guess$ at4 ,= a long "t ! railway companies w naturally be reluctant to br+ ab\t su* a revolution z ! sub/itution ( electricity = /eam4 ,eng9es ( enorm\s p[]1 su* z ! new ,great ,ea/]n 8,decapod0 or t5-:eel]1 w be requisition$ to accel]ate ! work+ ( tra9s2 &1 to save fuel1 petroleum w be ext5sively adopt$ on o!rs4 ,b electricity ! public w h1 if x is %[n to be m economical 9 ! long run4 ,/ill1 to entirely disp5se ) a great /ock ( co/ly locomotives1 sub/itut+ up-to-date motor eng9es--) ! possibility loom+ 9 ! future t ^!1 too1 9 _! turn1 by ! p]fect+ ( /orage batt]ies1 may be displac$--to1 p]haps1 build new c>s1 or completely remodel exi/+ roll+-/ock2 to erect new build+s 79 _m cases7 = p[] /ations2 to lay d[n ?ird rails2 all ?is w\ld involve an exp5diture t ev5 long-suff]+ %>ehold]s w\ld rebel aga9/4 ,:ile1 if ! /eam locomotives 7 reta9$ to "w an accel]at$ goods s]vice on sep>ate tracks1 ! wid5+ ( bridges1 cutt+s1 & viaducts1 ! duplication ( tunnels on _m l9es1 & ! enl>gem5t ( /ations & sid+s1 w\ld entail disa/r\s exp5diture4 ,h[ev]1 ! *ange w d\btless be made gradually1 p]haps comm5c+ ) ! suburban l9es1 probably z a direct result ( ! electrification ( ! ,inn] ,circle ,railway1 ov] ^: sy/em sev]al ma9 l9es h important runn+ p[]s1 & :i* w !n be compell$ to ab&on /eam4 ,or %\ld "s ent]pris+ ,sociali/ic ,gov]nm5t come into p[] ) no su* trifl+ matt]s z ,education1 ,wat]1 ,gas1 or ,tube ,bills on its h&s1 x might by ! ye> #aiac1 9 its anxiety to c>ry !ory into practice1 decide to nationalise & electrify our railways :olesale1 & at any co/--to ! ratepay]s6 ,! effect1 anyh[1 w\ld n be s v />tl+1 = by t "t electric travell+ w\ld be a matt] ( c\rse1 & disus$ locomotives ( ! type s famili> on ! 8,und]gr\nd0 w\ld be inquir$ = by relic hunt]s & pres5t$ z curios to e big t[n4 ,already ! *ange on ! great l9es has begun1 & x is a significant fact t ! ,nor? ,ea/]n h decid$ to adopt electricity on "s ?irty-sev5 miles ( _! sy/em 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,newca/le-on-,tyne1 & a modifi$ =m ( x 9 ! %ape ( auto-c>s ) petrol eng9es & dynamos g5]at+ ! curr5t1 on ! %ort l9e betwe5 ,h>tlepool & ,we/ ,h>tlepool4 ,( electric l9es 9 progress or project$1 we h ! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool1 ! ,london & ,brighton1 ! ,ed9burgh & ,glasg[1 & o!rs4 ,9 ,london all ! big t]m9i w be l9k$ toge!r1 & connect$ ) ! metropolitan ,tube sy/ems1 :atev] =m ! latt] may ultimately assume4 ,?is may h ! effect ( increas+ ! cr[d+ & bu/l+ ( our big /ations1 b1 on ! o!r h&1 a va/ numb] ( weal?y p w use motor-c>s f 8h\se-to-h\se10 disp5s+ altoge!r ) ! railway4 ,tra9s1 m spe$ily & m economically run1 w />t m frequ5tly4 ,goods traffic w be on entirely sep>ate l9es1 & pass5g] tra9s w be able to foll[ "o ano!r 9 rapid & safe succession4 ,ext]iorily all ! t]m9i w look z !y d n[1 m9us ! pres5ce ( hors$ f\r-:eel]s & hansoms4 ,b ,victoria w be greatly enl>g$ along ,buck+ham ,palace ,road2 :ile ,eu/on1 ne>ly d\bl$ 9 size1 w h its frontage br\ght =w>d to ,eu/on ,squ>e4 ,)91 !re w be less confusion1 z ei!r ! ,am]ican *eck sy/em ( book+ luggage w be adopt$1 or t ( collect+ x be=eh& by ! railway company's swift motor-vans1 & !re w be less /eam4 ,on ! :ole1 h[ev]1 ! old /ations w probably be un*ang$--,padd+ton1 ) its famili> transept ro(1 impressive z 9 #ahed1 :5 ! late ,que51 travell+ f ,w9dsor1 paid x h] fir/ visit2 ! ,midl&1 rem>kable = its noble span ro(1 so>+ "o hundr$ feet above ! level ( its elev5 l9es ( rail & its f\r plat=ms2 ! ,great ,ea/]n1 ! l>ge/ t]m9us 9 ! k+dom1 "u five great spans--f\r p>allel & "o transv]se--( glaz$ ro(+1 ) its eighte5 arrival & dep>ture plat=ms2 & ,wat]loo1 once a m]e %$ propp$ up by ar*es1 b n[ second 9 size only to ,liv]pool ,/reet1 a maze to ! un9itiat$4 ,! l>ge prov9cial /ations w mo/ likely rema9 mu* z !y are at pres5t--,bri/ol1 ,exet]1 ,york1 ,glasg[1 ,liv]pool1 all spl5did specim5s ( important t]m9i & junctions2 ,sw9don1 ,crewe1 ,man*e/]1 & ,w>r+ton1 greatly improv$1 if n entirely rebuilt4 ,p[] ma*9]y w be h\s$ 9 exi/+ railway build+s :5 practicable1 & int]m$iate sub-/ations w be m>k$ features along ! railway r\tes4 ,pump+-h\ses1 wat]-tanks1 coaly>ds1 /ages1 & sid+s w h disappe>$4 ,sleepy wayside /ations1 ) _! pleasant g>d5s & rural surr\nd+s1 w probably rema9 unt\*$ by ! new ord] ( ?+s1 save t ! rapid deliv]y ( f>m produce by horseless vehicles or by light railways1 act+ z fe$]s1 w wake !m up4 ,,! ,,improvem5t ,,( ,,/reet ,,traffic ,! g5]al use ( horseless vehicles w d m--at any rate 9 ,london--t[>ds ! sanitation ( great cities ?an all ! enactm5ts ( c\nty or bor\gh c\ncils4 ,m$ical exp]ts are agre$ t ! condition ( ! roads1 h[ev] well kept1 9 dry wea!r p>ticul>ly1 is highly conducive to ! spread ( all k9ds ( ?roat diseases1 n to m5tion influ5za2 :ile if ! roads are neglect$1 ! p]il is increas$ & e s5se is (f5d$4 ,horses1 z bea/s ( burd51 %\ld h no place 9 cr[d$ ?or\ghf>es1 & _! pres5ce 9 numb]s produces on wood-pav+ a p]nici\s & (f5sive ammoniacal result :i* anyone c te/ 91 say1 ,broad ,/reet1 aft] ! omnibuses h ceas$ runn+ = ! day1 or1 r1 = ! night4 ,all ov] ,london1 & ev5 9 ! suburbs1 ! /reets are ,augean /ables1 :i* no ef=t ( ! ,h]cules ( ,spr+ ,g>d5s or ! ,guildhall c effectually cleanse4 ,x is e/imat$ t at ! pres5t "t !re are ov] #af1jjj lic5s$ horse c>riages 9 ,london1 besides tradesm5s vans & o!r vehicles1 & t #bjj1jjj horses are /abl$ e night1 necessitat+ ! removal ( ?\s&s ( tons ( manure & refuse daily4 ,noise1 too--t di/ract+ rattle & rumble ( vans1 light c>ts1 omnibuses1 & cabs--w be done away )1 & h[ mu* ?is w help to re/ore ! n]v\s sy/em ( ,london]s :o c tell8 ,horses hav+ almo/ vani%$1 ! space ea* "o w\ld occupy--"s sev5 feet 9 l5g?--w be sav$ on ea* vehicle1 & ?us ! increase ( traffic w be p>tly provid$ =4 ,collisions & ! runn+-d[n ( c>s w be unhe>d (1 ! /e]+ & /opp+ p[]s ( ! electric motors be+ p]fect4 ,,its ,,social ,,results ,! effect ( univ]sal electric traction on our social life may be f>-rea*+ & prodigi\s4 ,x may result 9 a p>tial decrease 9 ! resid5t population ( ,london1 ! work+-classes liv+ l>gely 9 ! c\ntry & travell+ up & d[n at uni=m p5ny f>es1 cl]ks & o!rs do+ ! same2 :ile ! weal?y & ! well-to-d may use _! motor-c>s to su* an ext5t z to habitually sleep outside ! t[n b\nd>ies1 z may also memb]s ( bo? ,h\ses4 ,only ^? p]sons ^: duties compel !m1 w live )9 he>+ ( ,big ,b54 ,society w be /ill m re/less1 b its memb]s w be heal?i]1 z fre% air w readily be obta9able4 ,!re w be ev5 less "t = read+ ?an n[4 ,=mal calls w l>gely cease2 fri5ds 9 luxuri\s electro-c>s w 8pop 90 en r\te on %ort surprise visits1 & hospitality w1 on ! :ole1 dim9i%4 ,9 ^! vehicles1 t\r+ p>ties 7)\t ,cook & ,son1 or ,gaze & ,co47 w be con/antly arrang$ to trav]se ! _w4 ,h\se r5ts g5]ally w be l[]1 save at ! seaside & o!r heal? resorts1 :]e !y may actually become high]4 ,s t = ^? :o elect to rema9 9 t[n1 x w be possible to live on a mod]ate income1 rates & taxes1 x is to be hop$1 also be+ less5$4 ,! co/ ( liv+ w be r$uc$1 produce ( all k9ds be+ m ext5sively home-gr[n & m economically br\ght to m>ket4 ,horses1 be+ disc>d$ = draught purposes1 w be pl5tiful & *eap2 cavalry rem\nts w be readily obta9$1 & all ov] ,europe m\nt$ =ces may be ! ord] ( ! day4 ,! smalle/ f>m] w be able to employ sev]al horses on 8 f>m1 & ev]yone 9 ! c\ntry1 gr[n tir$ ( cycl+ & motor+1 w h _! /ables full at l[ co/1 :ile 9 ! season ,rott5 ,r[ w be m cr[d$ ?an ev] ) eque/rians4 ,wages w be high]1 & !re w be a wid] field & less competition4 ,la/ly1 hygi5ic conditions be+ va/ly improv$1 & smoke aboli%$1 ! dea?-rate ( ,london & all l>ge cities w be r$uc$4 ,b ! greate/ boon electrical traction c be/[1 w be res]v$ = ! work+ & poor] classes4 ,take ,london1 = example4 ,,! ,,effect ,,on ,,ov]cr[d+ 8,ov]cr[d+6 ,:y1 ev]ybody kn[s :at t means60 said ! ,hon4 ,john ,middlemass4 8,only ! o!r day ,i _h to travel to t[n f ,s\?ampton1 & ! fir/-class comp>tm5t actually fill$ up--a bea/ly nuisance1 = we c\ld n play :i/ z we _h hop$4 ,& 9 ! aft]noon1 :5 on my way to pay a visit at ,lanca/] ,gate1 ,i c\ldn't get a seat 9 ! ,twop5ny ,tube1 b _h to /& all ! way1 hold+ on by "o ( ! /raps 9 ! ro(6 ,ov]cr[d+6 ,:y1 ! la/ "t ,i d9$ at ! ,gre%am ,club 9 ! ,city1 !re 0 n a table to be got to "o's self4 ,!y 7 all pack$1 & ! wait]s c\ld h>dly move ab\t4 ,& t ev5+ at ,lady ,danby's reception 9 ,piccadilly we c\ldn't ev5 /ir1 ,i c assure y1 once we 7 9 h] big draw+-room4 ,:ile z = supp]1 x 0 a fight to get ne> ! buffet1 & :5 ,i did manage to get "s consomm = ,sybil ,cl>e1 :o 0 positively />v+1 j z ,i 0 pilot+ x out ( ! cru%1 "s fool jobb$ my elb[1 & s5t ! lot ( x "r into old ,colonel ,curry's face1 & made him swe> l a troop]6 ,to make matt]s worse1 ,i /epp$ ^u ! ,d[ag] ,lady ,h>vey's tra91 :i* _h no bus9ess on ! floor at all1 &1 ,i am told1 tore ?ree bread?s out ( x1 :atev] t may mean4 ,anyh[1 ,i 0 n ask$ to any ( h] d9n]s aga9 t season4 8,ov]cr[d+6 ,yes6 ,y %\ld h be5 /opp+ ) me at ,rook=t ,ca/le ! ,*ri/mas aft] "y ,"l ,/aunton _h come ( age6 ,two 9 ea* b$room1 ,i assure y1 & !y actually _h ! *eek to ask "s ( u to put up ) ! box-room at ! top ( ! h\se1 z e squ>e foot ( ! place 0 occupi$4 ,oh1 yes1 ,i "k :at try+ to put too _m eggs 9 "o basket means6 ,i w5t ?r\gh x all on bo>d ! ,p4 & ,o4 ,arabia1 f ,bombay4 ,six 9 a cab92 no room to dress1 _h to take x by turns2 all ! grub s]v$ 9 d\ble relays2 ba?s out ( ! "q1 unless a fell[ sat up all night to grab "o2 & ! prom5ade-deck l ! enclosure at ,ascot on ,cup ,day2 :i* rem9ds me t ,i nev] 0 at any ( ! big races :5 ! gr& /& wasn't cr[d$ out4 8,!n1 z to ov]cr[d+ 9 small h\ses1 us$ ,i n to call ^u poor ,bri/[e1 my *um at ,eton1 :o became a lawy]'s cl]k at #cjj a ye>1 got m>ri$1 _h elev5 *ildr51 & lives 9 a poky little h\se d[n ,fulham way--only eight rooms--& ,i believe "s ( !m sleep 9 ! ba?room & ! kit*51 & ! slavey 9 ! scull]y60 ,evid5tly ! ,hon4 ,john did n "k mu* ab\t ! social problem ( ov]cr[d+ among/ ! poor1 & h[ x has aris54 8,x is n good t man %\ld be alone10 & ev] s9ce t div9e maxim 0 enunciat$1 man has tak5 good c>e to act ^u x1 9 m s5ses ?an "o4 ,8 nature is greg>i\s1 & z ! _w he 0 s5t into ceas$ to give him its fruits spontane\sly1 he 0 oblig$ to take to a c\ntry life to obta9 ! means ( exi/5ce by ! sweat ( 8 br[4 ,he did n readily adapt himself to ! new conditions1 &1 z ! hi/ory ( ,babel %[s1 !re 0 always a t5d5cy to congregate1 build great cities1 & get z mu* agricultural "w done z possible by slaves4 ,n[adays ! dislike ( solitude is m m>k$ ?an ev]4 ,:o does n "k ( beautiful c\ntry vic>ages ^: inmates w\ld give _! s\ls to g & live 9 t[ns2 ( f>ms :]e wife & daught]s pass _! "t 9 grumbl+ because x is s dull at ! old h\se2 ( squatt]s f> away 9 ,gipp's ,l& or ,man]oo ,pla9s1 :o1 z soon z !y make _! pile1 leave ! roomy v]&ah$ /ation1 &1 importun$ by an impati5t family1 settle d[n at ,/4 ,kilda1 ,toorak1 ,d>l+ ,po9t1 9 ,melb\rne1 or ,sydney8 ,ev5 peasants1 c\ntry born & br$1 seek+ to 8bett] !mselves0 9 ,canada1 (t5 _c1 or w n1 be> ! abs5ce ( su* small excitem5t z falls to _! lot 9 _! native village4 ,?is is illu/rat$ by a case kn[n to myself1 :]e a lab\r+ lad1 assi/$ out to ! f> ,we/1 & !re obta9+ good wages1 &--:at to him 0 luxury inde$--unlimit$ eggs to eat1 ?rew up 8 situation & came back to 8 home 9 ,k5t & to 8 wret*$ wages1 simply because1 z he said1 8,x 0 too lonely 9 ,manitoba2 !re 0 no amusem5t & no village inns40 ,z ,mr4 ,rid] ,hagg>d has rem>k$1 8,"s p>ts ( ,engl& are becom+ almo/ z lonesome z ! veldt ( ,africa40 ,!re=e !re is ! dang] ahead t ,goldsmi?'s =ebod+ may be realis$3-- 8,ill f>es ! l&1 to ha/5+ ills a prey1 ,:]e weal? accumulates & m5 decay4 ,pr9ces & lords may fl\ri%1 or may fade1 ,a brea? c make !m z a brea? has made1 ,b a bold peasantry1 _! c\ntry's pride1 ,:5 once de/roy$ c nev] be suppli$40 ,hodge1 z a class1 _c emigrate4 ,he has muscle1 he has a wife & usually sev]al *ildr51 b he has no capital1 & ! colonies1 ) ! exception ( ,canada1 d n enc\rage him or want him )\t4 ,8 adv5t also means a di/urbance 9 ! lab\r m>ket & l[]s ! wage rate4 ,s millions ( acres ( f]tile l& 9 our dep5d5cies :]e !re is room1 & m ?an room1 = all1 rema9 untill$1 dep5d5cies creat$ by ,briti% capital1 def5d$ f invasion by ,briti% fleets1 help$ by ,briti% taxpay]s1 b all[$ by a succession ( ,gov]nm5ts1 ) ! prec$5t ( ! ,am]ican colonies 9 _! m9ds1 to surr\nd !mselves ) *evaux-de-frise ( exclusiv5ess4 ,no long] d great clipp] %ips leave ^! %ores cr[d$ ) hopeful emigrants1 ! refra9 ( 8,*e]1 boys1 *e]10 on _! lips1 & spe$ across wide oceans to ! ,antipodes4 ,a new ord] ( ?+s prevails4 ,workm5's wages 9 ,au/ralasia mu/ be ma9ta9$ at a fix$ /&>d1 come :at may4 ,heavy duties mu/ be levi$ to effect ?is1 & ev]y?+ mu/ be 8protect$10 except ! int]e/s ( ,great ,brita94 ,b ,hodge wants to move some:]e & e>n m money1 s he & 8 belong+s migrate to ,london1 side by side ) o!r k9ds ( impov]i%$ lab\r]s2 b1 alas6 = !m1 side by side also ) ! poor ali51 :o is unque/ionably "o great cause ( ! conge/ion 9 c]ta9 di/ricts4 ,russians1 ,poles1 & ,g]mans sw>m into ! _w's metropolis1 ^: /reets1 !y h be5 told1 are pav$ ) gold t only requires pick+ up6 ,!y are will+ to pay almo/ any price = wret*$ accommodation ne> _! "w1 :]e !y h]d toge!r "u conditions z l[ z !y c well be4 ,! foll[+ illu/rates ?is4 ,at ! ,london ,hospital 9 ,decemb] ( la/ ye> ,mr4 ,wynne ,e4 ,baxt] held an inque/ on ! body ( ,m>y ,moretsky ,lib]mann1 ag$ n9e1 :o 0 accid5tally burnt to dea?4 ,! coron] said ! only articles 9 ! room :]e ! fatality took place 7 a small b$ & a brok5 *air1 & t ! "m & two *ildr5 slept 9 ! b$1 & f\r o!r *ildr5 on ! floor4 ,! woman1 x appe>$1 came f ,russia1 & _h only be5 9 ,engl& sev5 weeks4 ,= ! small room %e paid #cs4 #f;d4 a week4 ,a juryman urg$ t !re ought to be "s sort ( sup]vision ov] ! k9d ( h\se 9 :i* ?is woman & h] family exi/$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cf4 ,,:]e ,,! ,,poor ,,live ,orig9al draw+ by ,hanslip ,flet*] ,by p]mission ( ,mr4 ,hanslip ,flet*] ,! pres5ce ( ali5s & _! competition also l[]s ! already suffici5tly l[ rate ( wages4 ,h\ses1 !re=e1 9 ^! localities--once t5ant$ by a s+le family--are let (f at exorbitant rates to z _m z c be cramm$ into !m4 ,lucky1 inde$1 is ! m>ri$ lab\r] :o c any:]e secure a s+le room = #ds4 to #fs4 a week4 ,& su* a room6 ,no means ( prep>+ a real meal1 ! family f>e g5]ally consi/+ ( tea1 8two-ey$ /eaks0 7h]r+s71 & a 8c\ple ( door/eps0 7two slices ( bread7 p] head4 ,b1 z 8,g5]al0 ,boo? says1 8,a home is a home be x ev] s l[1 & ! desp]ate t5acity ) :i* ! poor cl+ to ! la/ wret*$ semblance ( "o is v t\*+4 ,!re are vile d5s1 fev]-haunt$ & /5*ful cr[d$ c\rts1 :]e ! return ( summ] is dread$ because x means ! unloos+ ( myriads ( v]m9 :i* r5d] night unbe>able1 :i* 7! d5s7 nev]!less are reg>d$ z hav5s ( re/ by _! h>d-work+ occupants4 ,!y c sc>cely be said to be furni%$4 ,a *air1 a mattress1 & a few mis]able /icks con/itute all ! furniture ( ! s+le room 9 :i* !y h to sleep & bre$ & die2 b !y cl+ to x z a dr[n+ man to a half-subm]g$ raft4444 ,s long z ! family has a lair into :i* x c creep at night1 ! m>ri$ man keeps 8 foot+1 b :5 he loses t solit>y foo?old1 !re arrives ! "t1 if !re be su* a ?+ z ,*ri/ian compassion1 = ! help+ h& to be held out to save him f ! vortex t sucks him d[nw>d1 aye1 d[nw>d to ! hopeless "u-/rata ( crime & despair40 ,truly 9 su* cases "o realises ! tru? ( ^! l9es3-- 8,god made ! c\ntry1 & man made ! t[n1 ,:at wond] !n t heal? & virtue1 gifts ,t c alone make sweet ! bitt] draft ,t life holds out to all1 %\ld mo/ ab\nd ,& lea/ be ?reat5$ 9 ! fields & groves40 ,boo? writes *iefly ( ! ,ea/ ( ,london2 b ( all ov]cr[d$ vile d5s1 p]haps none are s bad z ^? 9 ! ,we/ ,end1 frequ5tly n a /one's-?r[ f fa%ionable ?or\ghf>es & luxuri\s resid5ces4 ,at ,nott+ ,dale1 ,k5s+ton1 is a di/rict compris+ five /reets1 consi/+ entirely ( common lodg+-h\ses & 8furni%$ rooms10 ^: occupants are ?ieves1 rogues1 pr(essional begg>s1 hawk]s1 & 8un=tunates40 ,x has be5 rightly nam$ ! 8,we/ ,end ,av]nus10 & s (f5sive are ! habits ( its unwa%$ cr[ds1 t ! policeman on 8 beat is (t5 compell$ to hold 8 h&k]*ief to 8 nose z he passes by4 ,/ill l[] 9 ! grade ( accommodation = a m>ri$ lab\r] is ! 8"p ( "o room0 sy/em2 &1 l[e/ ( all1 ! common lodg+-h\se1 :]e ov]-cr[d+ is inevitable4 ,9 "o alley 9 ,spitalfields !re 7 la/ ye> t5 h\ses 9 ^: fifty-"o rooms 7none ( !m m ?an #h ft4 by #i ft4--ab\t ! size ( a biggi% ba?room7 no few] ?an #bed human be+s 7 di/ribut$2 f two to n9e 9 ea* ap>tm5t1 b n9e 9 ! room 0 n ! maximum4 ,!re is an old /ory to ! effect t a di/rict visitor1 sympa?is+ ) an occupant ( "s su* lodg+ z ! above 9 ,/4 ,giles'-9-!-,fields1 :]e f\r families respectively t5ant$ ! f\r corn]s1 0 met ) ! philosophic reply1 8,oh1 yes1 we %\ld h be5 com=table en\gh if ! l&lord hadn't gone & let ! middle ( ! room to a fif? family40 ,?9k ( all ?is1 fa!rs & mo!rs1 :o jeal\sly gu>d y\r *ildr5 f e possible s\rce ( moral contam9ation1 ^: daught]s' mode/y w\ld be />tl$ if accid5tally a b$room w9d[ mom5t>ily reveal$ _! toilettes1 ^: *ildr5 at bo>d+-s*ools feel s5sitive ab\t dress+ & undress+ be=e o!rs4 ,yet ?is is no?+6 ,a well-kn[n rector 9 ! ,ea/ ,end says3 8,f "o ( my p>o*ial build+s ,i h se5 ?r\gh ! ?9ly-veil$ w9d[s ( a h\se1 f\r m5 & six wom5 retir+ = ! night 9 "o room1 all ( !m respectable1 h>d-work+ p1 & ! majority ( !m sleep+ 9 b$s on ! floor10 ! r5t p] week be+ eight %ill+s4 ,z to ! alleg$ dislike ( ! v poor to ! use ( soap & wat]1 x is *iefly because ! privacy ess5tial = tubb+ is simply non-exi/5t4 ,probably ! l[e/ dep? is atta9$1 z ,i h said1 9 ! common lodg+-h\se1 :]e all k9ds ( *>act]s assemble "u conditions :i* make innoc5ce & dec5cy impossible1 *ildr5 look+ )\t any emotion ^u sights !y ought nev] to see1 & li/5+ to language !y ought nev] to he>4 ,! victims ( ?is result ( ov]cr[d+ are human be+s l ourselves1 8f$ ) ! same food1 hurt ) ! same weapons1 subject to ! same diseases1 heal$ by ! same means1 w>m$ & cool$ by ! same w9t] & summ]40 ,x is n f *oice t m51 wom51 & *ildr5 are ?us h]d$ worse ?an cattle4 ,necessity compels !m to dwell )9 a c]ta9 area1 especially ! 8dock]10 :o _c af=d to take a j\rney 9 se>* ( "w1 :ile ! smallness & unc]ta9ty ( _! e>n+s1 toge!r ) ! high r5t !y pay1 deprive !m ( ! p[] to exi/ o!rwise4 ,figures prove little1 b x is a fact t = all ,london ! av]age population p] acre is fifty-sev52 & an idea ( ! ext5t ( ov]cr[d+ 9 c]ta9 localities may be ga!r$ by comp>+ ?is ) t ( ,/4 ,george ! ,m>tyr1 ,s\?w>k1 :i* is #baj2 ) ,:ite*apel1 #bbe2 & ) ,spitalfields1 #ccj2 ! latt] equival5t to cr[d+ into ! area ( ,grosv5or ,squ>e 7six acres71 t5em5ts conta9+ #a1ihj s\ls1 in/ead ( #cdb6 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 ! weal?y p>ts ( ,london !re is f> too mu* room1 great mansions t c\ld com=tably accommodate scores ( p be+ habitually left almo/ empty4 ,! moral effect ( x all is t]rible4 ,?\s&s ( infants1 ill-born1 ta9t$1 ill-f$1 ill-clo!d1 ill-h\s$1 are gr[+ up "u conditions :]e purity ( ?\ght is impossible1 gr[+ up to ta9t future g5]ations & undo ! good "w effect$ else:]e 9 social reg5]ation4 ,:y keep ! ma9 /ream pure if f\l rivulets be all[$ to arise & pollute x aga98 ,:y make clean ! outside only ( ! cup & platt]8 ,b1 z ,c]vantes says1 8!re is a rem$y = ev]y?+ b dea?40 ,& = ! 8subm]g$ t5?10 :o _c move away to ! suburbs1 no d\bt 9 "t va/ b>racks built ( /eel ) g>d5 ro(s1 unsightly b utilit>ian1 w be creat$ 9 e poor qu>t]1 resembl+ ! ,p>k ,r[ ,build+s 9 ,new ,york1 #chj feet 9 height1 & consi/+ ( ?irty /ories2 or ! ,fi%]1 ! ,m>quette1 & ! ,*ampla9 blocks 9 ,*icago1 ( sev5te5 /ories ea*4 ,^! build+s w\ld accommodate ?\s&s ( lodg]s--,briti% subjects only--at l[ r5tals1 "u dec5t & sanit>y conditions4 ,:ile = workm5 & o!rs 9 receipt ( fair wages *eap electric traction1 enabl+ !m to g to & f _! daily task1 w solve ! problem ( ov]cr[d+ s f> z !y are conc]n$4 ,ov]cr[d+1 h[ev]1 is only "o out ( a ho/ ( problems & que/ions t *>act]is$ ! clos+ decades ( ! la/ c5tury1 & beset ! op5+ ( ! pres5t "o4 ,we are haunt$ ) problems1 & if none exi/$ we %\ld probably regret x1 & try to inv5t !m4 ,!re are endless political & economic problems1 ! naval & milit>y1 ! religi\s & educational1 ! national food supply1 & ) x ! l& & agricultural "q1 ! lab\r "q1 & ! relief ( ! poor1 :o are always ) u4 ,social problems bri/le on all sides1 & e active lady appe>s to belong1 n to "o1 b to _m ( ! societies = ! re=m or abolition ( ?is1 & = ! br++ ab\t ( t1 :i* ab\nd4 ,mr4 ,jellyby's little project = civilis+ ! natives ( ,borrioboola-,gha on ! left bank ( ! ,nig]1 & provid+ !m ) blankets1 w\ld be b a drop 9 ! philan?ropic ocean ( to-day6 ,temp]ance1 morality1 smok+1 m>riage laws1 vacc9ation1 fun]al cu/oms & cremation1 e>ly clos+1 dome/ic s]vice1 cook+1 dress1 hygi5e1 our boys & girls & :at to d ) !m1 9 fact1 ev]y?+ 9 life1 seems to h be5 conv]t$ into a 8,"q10 & provides a text ^u :i* m or less eloqu5t s]mons are prea*$4 ,ev]yone seems to "w h>d1 & has no "t = any?+4 ,ev]yone1 too1 is re/less & expectant1 eag] = excitem5t & *ange1 :ile miracles ( discov]y & inv5tion are wr\ght s frequ5tly z to be almo/ unnotic$4 ,all nations are be+ *a9$ toge!r by iron roads or l9es ( swift /eam]s1 & ev]ybody travels4 ,locomotion is ! ord] ( ! day1 a sign ( ! times1 & electricity is ! great factor t has br\ght x ab\t4 ,j z 9 ! build+ ( "s va/ ca!dral unsightly scaffold+ conceals ! graceful proportions ( ! upris+ build+1 s 9 :at is go+ on ar\nd u may appe> mu* confusion & abs5ce ( purpose4 ,b out ( x is be+ evolv$ a /ate ( read9ess = ! com+ era1 :5 w>s %all cease & vex$ problems be f9ally solv$4 ,meantime ! _w's fev]i% work]s might well despair1 7 x n t !y 8444see 9 "p ,t all1 z 9 "s piece ( art1 ,is toil co-op]ant to an end40 ,,index ,accid5ts on electric railways1 #bea-bef -- to motor-c>s1 #bfd-bfg -- tramway1 #beh-bfc ,adaptability ( %all[ und]gr\nd sy/em to ,london1 #aih1 #aii ,advance ( motor+1 #bjb ,agricultural motor vehicles1 #bah1 #bai ,agriculture1 ,decay (1 #bgg1 #bgh ,ald]%ot trials ( motor vehicles1 #bae-bag ,ali5s & ov]cr[d+1 #bgi1 #bhj ,am]ican capital & ,london's railways1 #fa1 #afj1 #afa ,balf\r's1 ,mr41 views on motor-c>s & public highways1 #bbh1 #bbi ,ballybunion & ,li/[el ,railway1 #cf1 #cg ,b>net motor-c> accid5t1 #bff ,birm+ham electric tramways1 #agj1 #aga ,black c\ntry1 ,facts & /ati/ics respect+ !1 #agg-agi ,bo>d ( ,trade ,committee ^u vibration 9 ,tubes1 #hg -- -- ,report ( ^u %all[ und]gr\nd sy/em1 #aii -- -- -- -- vibration 9 ,tubes1 #hg-hi ,bo] w> & motor-c>s1 #bad1 #bae ,bo/on %all[ und]gr\nd railway1 #aij-aid ,brighton ,bea* ,electric ,railway1 #ac1 #ad ,briti% ,electric ,traction ,co4's tramways1 #ahj-ahb ,brunel's %ield & ,?ames ,tunnel1 #gf1 #gg ,buda-,pe/h %all[ und]gr\nd railway1 #aij ,cabs1 new & old1 #bab1 #bac ,c>s1 ,curi\s uses ( motor1 #bba-bbc -- ,description ( v>i\s motor1 #bjf -- -- electric tram1 #acg1 #ach ,c5tral ,london ,electric ,railway1 ,!1 #fc-gc -- -- -- -- ,description (1 #ff-fh -- -- -- -- ,effect on omnibus traffic (1 #gj -- -- -- -- ,hi/ory (1 #fc-fe -- -- -- -- ,its annual sale ( lo/ articles1 #gb1 #gc -- -- -- -- ,its ,city subways1 #fe1 #ff -- -- -- -- ,means ( exit f c>s (1 #gb -- -- -- -- ,v5tilation (1 #gj-gb ,c5tres ( ,great ,brita91 ,manufactur+1 #agd-agg ,*a?am electric tramway accid5t1 #bei1 #bfj ,*e/] motor-c> accid5t1 #bff ,city & ,s\? ,london ,railway1 ,!1 #ae-ah1 #bb1 #bc -- -- -- -- ,a trial trip 91 #ai-bb ,claims = damage by railway tub+1 #hc-hf ,comb9ation omnibus 7electricity & petrol17 #baj1 #baa ,conveyances1 ,public1 #bjh-bac ,c\nty ,c\ncil1 ,! ,london1 #adc -- -- -- & reh\s+1 #adc1 #add ,c\nty ,c\ncil's1 ,! ,london1 design = %all[ und]gr\nd railway1 #ahg1 #ahh -- -- -- tramway sy/em1 #adj-aej -- -- -- tramways1 ,bus9ess j\rney on1 #aea-aef ,c\ntry1 ,*anges produc$ by electric locomotion 9 !1 #bgc ,crimean w> & traction eng9e1 #bag ,devonport electric tramway accid5t1 #bfa1 #bfb ,e>? trembl+s1 #hi ,electric haulage on tramways by accumulators1 #acg -- -- -- clos$ conduit1 #acd -- -- -- op5 conduit1 #acc1 #acd -- -- -- ov]head trolley1 #acd-acg -- locomotion1 ,devil's ,advocate &1 #bej1 #bea -- -- ,drawbacks (1 #bej-bfg -- -- our national life &1 #bfi-bhf -- -- ,v>i\s =ms (1 #i1 #aj -- motor-c>s1 #bjf1 #bjh -- -- vehicles1 #bad1 #bai -- omnibuses1 #baa1 #bab ,electric railway accid5t 9 ,unit$ ,/ates1 #bea -- -- -- on ,liv]pool ,ov]head1 #bea-bec -- -- accid5ts1 (ficial report ^u causes (1 #bea-bec -- -- breakd[n on ,city & ,s\? ,london1 #bee1 #bef -- -- breakd[ns on ,c5tral ,london1 #bec-bee -- railways1 ,accid5ts on1 #bea-bef -- -- ,pione]1 #aa-cj -- -- ,rem>kable1 #ca-df -- traction und]tak+s1 ,inve/m5t ( capital 91 #bfi1 #bgj -- tramc>s1 ,description (1 #acg1 #ach -- tramway accid5ts1 ,(ficial report ^u causes (1 #bfa1 #bfb -- -- traction1 ,v>i\s me?ods (1 #aca-ach -- tramways g5]ally1 #abh-adj -- -- ,objections to1 #beh ,electricity1 am\nt requir$ to cause dea?1 #bfd -- ,def9ition ( t]ms us$ 91 #h1 #i -- = traction1 h[ produc$1 #g1 #h -- ,signs ( ! times &1 #bhe -- ,/orage (1 #bce -- -- appli$ to navigation1 #bcj-bdi -- -- ,edison's sy/em1 #bce1 #bcf ,emigration & ov]cr[d+1 #bgh1 #bgi ,factories1 ,removal f ,london (1 #add-adf ,fl\ri%+ /ate ( motor-c> indu/ry 9 ,great ,brita91 #bjd-bjf ,g5]al v]dict ^u drawbacks ( electric locomotion1 #bfg1 #bfh ,giant's ,causeway ,electric ,railway1 ,!1 #aa-ac ,glasg[ electric tramway accid5t1 #bfj1 #bfa -- tramways1 #aff-afh ,great ,nor!rn1 ,brompton1 & ,piccadilly ,circus ,railway1 ,!1 #aag1 #aah1 #abg -- -- -- -- -- -- ,advantages (1 #aag1 #aah -- -- -- -- -- -- ,ari/ocratic "* (1 #abf1 #abg -- -- -- -- -- -- ,r\te (1 #aah-abf ,grim/horpe motor-c> accid5t1 #bfd1 #bfe ,haulage on tramways1 ,v>i\s me?ods (1 #acj1 #aca ,high-spe$ railways1 #ch-dj ,hi/ory ( tramways1 #abh-acj ,horseless vehicles1 electrical & o!rwise1 #bjj-bbi -- -- 9 ! pa/1 #bjc1 #bjd ,h[ railway ,tubes are bor$1 #gg-ha ,hudd]sfield electric tramway accid5t1 #beh1 #bei ,improvem5ts 9 railway travell+1 #b-d ,inn] ,circle1 ,rejuv5at+ ! ,metropolitan1 #dg-fb ,introduction ( tramways by ,g4 ,f4 ,tra91 #abh1 #abi ,inve/m5t ( capital 9 electric traction und]tak+s1 #bfi1 #bgj ,legislation respect+ motor-c>s1 #bbf ,light ,railway ,act ( #ahif1 #afb-aff1 #aga1 #agb -- -- -- -- ,effect on rural tramways (1 #afc1 #afd ,liv]pool electric tramways1 #afh1 #afi -- ,ov]head ,railway1 ,!1 #bf-cj ,local au?orities & rural tramways1 #ahb-ahe ,locomotion1 ,electric1 ,*anges 9 ! c\ntry produc$ by1 #bgc -- -- -- at ,london t]m9i produc$ by1 #bgb1 #bgc -- -- ,devil's ,advocate &1 #bej1 #bea -- -- ,drawbacks (1 #bej-bfg -- -- -- ,g5]al v]dict ^u1 #bfg1 #bfh -- -- ,improvem5t ( /reet traffic aris+ f1 #bgc1 #bgd -- -- ,its effect ^u exi/+ railways1 #bgj1 #bgb -- -- ,our national life &1 #bfi-bhf -- -- ov]cr[d+1 ,effect (1 on1 #beg-bhf -- -- ,social results (1 #bgd1 #bge -- -- ,v>i\s =ms (1 #i1 #aj -- ,new & old ord] (1 #a-i ,locomotives1 ,/eam railway1 #b1 #d -- ,/eam 9 railway1 #d1 #e ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil1 ,!1 #adc -- -- -- & reh\s+1 #adc1 #add -- -- ,c\ncil's tramway sy/em1 #adf-aej -- -- -- tramways1 ,bus9ess j\rney on1 #aea-aef -- ,motor-c> accid5t 91 #bff1 #bfg -- ,ov]cr[d+ 91 #bgi-bhd -- ,removal ( factories f1 #add-adf -- t]m9i1 ,*anges at1 produc$ by electric locomotion1 #bgb1 #bgc -- tramc> ov]turn$1 #bfb1 #bfc -- tramways 9 ! pa/1 #abi1 #acj -- ,unit$ ,tramways ,company1 #aef-afj -- -- -- -- ,ext5sion to ,hampton ,c\rt1 #aef1 #aei ,london's conge/$ traffic1 #ahf1 #ahg -- late/ & longe/ ,tube1 #aag-abg -- railways & ,am]ican capital1 #fa1 #afj1 #afa -- -- ,royal ,commission on1 #aab-aaf1 #adb1 #adc -- -- ,selection ( c5tral au?ority respect+1 #aae1 #aaf ,london's /reet traffic1 #ada1 #adb -- tangl$ ,tubes1 #ajg-aaf -- conge/$ traffic1 sugge/$ rem$y =1 #ajh1 #aji -- tramways1 #ada-afa ,ma9t5ance ( tramway tracks1 #aej1 #aea ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool ,electric ,express ,railway1 ,!1 #dj-df -- -- -- -- -- -- ,advantages (1 #da1 #db1 #de -- electric tramways1 #afi1 #agj -- tramc> collision1 #bfb ,manufactur+ c5tres ( ,great ,brita91 #agd-agg ,m$ical objections to railway travell+ 9 ,tubes1 #bef1 #bfg ,m]cantile motors1 #bbj-bbc ,metropolitan & ,metropolitan ,di/rict ,railways1 ,con/ruction (1 #dh-ea -- -- -- -- ,diff]5ces ( op9ion betwe5 ! ,new1 #fa1 #fb -- -- -- -- ,*elsea p[] h\se (1 #ea-ed -- ,di/rict ,railway1 ,new1 ,driv+ p[] ( tra9s on !1 #ed1 #ee -- -- -- rejuv5at$1 ,roll+ /ock (1 #ee-eg -- -- -- ,rejuv5ation (1 #ea-ei -- -- -- -- ,/ations & tunnels (1 #eg-ei -- ,inn] ,circle1 ,rejuv5at+ !1 #dg-fb -- ,railway1 ,rejuv5ation ( !1 #ei1 #fj -- railways fifty ye>s ago1 #dg1 #dh ,mod]n social que/ions1 #bhd1 #bhe ,mole1 ,tube at "w1 ,!1 #ha -- -- -- -- ,objections to1 #hb ,monm\? motor-c> accid5t1 #bfe1 #bff ,mono-railway1 ,ballybunion & ,li/[el1 #cf1 #cg -- -- ,behr's1 #ce1 #cf -- -- ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool ,electric ,express1 #dj-df -- railways1 #ca-ch ,motor-c> accid5t at ,b>net1 #bff -- -- at ,*e/]1 #bff -- -- at ,grim/horpe1 #bfd1 #bfe -- -- 9 ,london1 #bff1 #bfg -- -- at ,monm\?1 #bfe1 #bff -- -- at ,re>sby1 #bfe -- -- at ,/r\d1 #bfe -- indu/ry1 ,fl\ri%+ /ate ( ,briti%1 #bjd-bjf ,motor-c>s1 ,accid5ts to1 #bfd-bfg -- ,bo] ,w> &1 #bad1 #bae -- ,curi\s uses (1 #bba-bbc -- ,description ( v>i\s1 #bjf -- ,electric1 #bjf1 #bjh -- ,private1 9 c\ntry1 #bjc -- -- 9 t[n1 #bjb1 #bjc -- ,public highways &1 #bbg-bbi -- -- -- ,mr4 ,balf\r's views on1 #bbh1 #bbi -- ,spe$ (1 #bbd-bbf ,motor-c>s1 ,spe$ (1 ,legislation respect+1#bbf -- ,unpopul>ity (1 #bjj-bjb1 #bbf -- ,usefulness (1 #bbf1 #bbg ,motor-cycles1 #bbj1 #bba ,motor vehicles1 ,agricultural1 #bah1 #bai -- -- at ,ald]%ot1 ,trials (1 #bae-bag -- -- ,rid] ,hagg>d &1 #bai -- -- ,w>f>e 91 #bad1 #bag1 #bah ,motors1 ,m]cantile1 #bbj-bbc ,motor+1 ,advance (1 #bjb1 #bjc ,municipal tramways 9 ! ,briti% ,isles1 ,ext5t (1 #afd-aff ,navigation1 ,electricity appli$ to1 #bcj-bdi ,new & old ord] ( locomotion1 #a-i -- ord] ( locomotion1 #e-h ,new ,york %all[ und]gr\nd railway1 #aid-aih ,(ficial report ^u causes ( electric railway accid5ts1 #bea1 #bec -- -- -- -- tramway accid5ts1 #bfa1 #bfb ,old & new ord] ( locomotion1 #a-i -- ord] ( locomotion1 #a-e ,omnibuses1 ,advantages ( horseless1 #bab -- ,comb9ation 7electricity & petrol71 #baj1 #baa -- ,electric1 #baa1 #bab -- ,exi/+1 #bjh1 #bji -- ,/eam1 #bji1 #baj ,ov]cr[d+ & ali5s1 #bgi1 #bhj -- & emigration1 #bgh1 #bgi -- ,effect ( electric locomotion on1 #bge-bhf -- 9 ,london1 #bgi-bhd -- -- -- ,facts & /ati/ics relat+ to1 #bhc1 #bhd -- -- -- ,possible rem$y =1 #bhd -- ,:at x is l1 #bhj-bhc -- ,:at x is n l1 #bge-bgg ,p>is %all[ und]gr\nd railway1 #ahh-aij ,p>liam5t1 ,tube ,bills 9 7#aijb71 #aaj1 #aaa -- -- -- 7#aijb71 ,au?oris$1 91 #aab -- -- -- 7#aijc71 ,po/pon$1 #aad1 #aae ,piccadilly1 ,associations (1 #abb-abf ,pione] electric railways1 #aa-cj ,pr9cess ,ida1 ,!1 #bcj-bdi -- -- ,con/ruction (1 #bci-bdc -- -- ,description (1 #bci -- -- ,provision+ (1 #bde1 #bdf -- -- ,recreations & conv5i5ces on bo>d1 #bdc-bde -- -- ,visit to1 #bch1 #bci -- -- ,voyage to ! ,cape (1 #bdg-bdi ,private motor-c>s 9 c\ntry1 #bjc -- -- 9 t[n1 #bjb1 #bjc ,prov9cial tramways1 #afb-ahe -- rural tramways1 #aga-agd ,public conveyances1 #bjh1 #bac -- highways & motor-c>s1 #bbg1 #bbh -- -- -- ,mr4 ,balf\r's views on1 #bbh1 #bbi ,que/ions1 ,mod]n social1 #bhd1 #bhe ,railway accid5t on ,liv]pool ,ov]head ,electric1 #bea-bec -- -- 9 ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,electric1 #bea -- breakd[n1 ,city & ,s\? ,london ,electric1 #bee1 #bef -- breakd[ns1 ,c5tral ,london ,electric1 #bec-bee -- ,electric1 ,brighton ,bea*1 #ac1 #ad -- -- ,c5tral ,london1 #fc-gc -- -- ,city & ,s\? ,london1 #ae-ah1 #bb1 #bc -- -- ,giant's ,causeway1 #aa-ac -- -- ,great ,nor!rn1 ,brompton1 & ,piccadilly ,circus1 #aag-abg -- -- ,liv]pool ,ov]head1 #bf-cj -- -- ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool ,express1 #dj-df -- -- ,metropolitan1 #ei1 #fj -- -- -- ,di/rict1 #ea-ei -- -- ,wat]loo & ,city1 #bc-bf -- ,light1 ,act ( #ahif1 #afb-aff1 #aga1 #agb -- -- -- ,rural tramways effect on1 #afc1 #afd -- ,metropolitan1 ,rejuv5ation (1 #ei1 #fj -- -- ,di/rict1 ,rejuv5ation (1 #ea-ei -- -- -- ,new1 ,driv+ p[] ( tra9s1 #ed1 #ee -- -- -- -- ,p[] h\se at ,*elsea1 #ea-ed -- -- -- -- ,roll+ ,/ock (1 #ee-eg -- -- -- -- ,/ations & tunnels (1 #eg-ei -- ,mono1 ,behr's1 #ce1 #cf -- travell+1 ,improvem5ts 91 #b-d -- -- 9 ,tubes1 ,m$ical objections to1 #bef1 #beg -- ,tubes1 ,annoyance f vibration 91 #hf-hi -- -- -- -- ,(ficial ,commission ^u1 #hg -- -- -- -- -- -- ,report ( ^u1 #hg1 #hi -- -- ,dep?s (1 #ha -- -- ,h[ !y are bor$1 #gg-ha -- ,tub+1 ,claims = damage by1 #hc-hf ,railways1 ,con/ruction ( ,metropolitan & ,metropolitan ,di/rict1 #dh-ea -- ,diff]5ces ( op9ion betwe5 ! ,metropolitan & ,metropolitan ,di/rict1 #fa1 #fb -- ,electric1 ,accid5ts on1 #bea-bef -- -- ,rem>kable1 #ca-df -- ,exi/+1 ,effects ( electric locomotion ^u1 #bgj-bgb -- ,high-spe$1 #ch-dj -- ,london's1 ,royal ,commission on1 #aab-aaf1 #adb1 #adc ,railways1 ,london's1 ,selection ( ,c5tral au?ority respect+1 #aae1 #aaf -- ,metropolitan1 fifty ye>s ago1 #dg1 #dh -- ,mono1 #ca-ch -- ,tube1 op5 = traffic 9 ,london1 #aaj ,ramsgate tramc> %ock1 #bfd ,re>sby motor-c> accid5t1 #bfe ,rid] ,hagg>d & motor vehicles1 #bai ,rural tramways1 #afb-ahe -- -- & local au?orities1 #ahb-ahe -- -- ,new ord] (1 #agi-ahb -- -- ,old ord] (1 #agc1 #agd -- -- ,prov9cial1 #aga-agd -- -- ,usefulness (1 #agb1 #agc ,ru% = ! ,london tramways1 #ach-adj ,%all[ und]gr\nd railway1 ,bo/on1 #aij-aid -- -- -- ,buda-,pe/h1 #aij -- -- -- ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil's design =1 #ahg1 #ahh -- -- -- ,new ,york1 #aid-aih -- -- -- ,p>is1 #ahh-aij -- -- -- sy/em1 ,!1 #ahf-aii -- -- -- -- ,bo>d ( ,trade report ^u1 #aii -- -- -- -- ,its adaptability to ,london1 #aih1 #aii ,%ips & /eam]s1 ,developm5t 9 size (1 #bcj-bce -- -- ,use ( alum9ium 9 build+1 #bcd ,signs ( ! times & electricity1 #bhe ,social results ( electric locomotion1 #bgd1 #bge ,spe$ ( motor-c>s1 #bbd-bbf -- -- ,legislation respect+1 #bbf ,/eam railway locomotives1 #b1 #d -- 9 railway locomotives1 #d1 #e -- omnibuses1 #bji1 #baj ,/orage ( electricity1 #bce -- -- ,edison's sy/em1 #bce1 #bcf ,/reet traffic1 ,improvem5t 91 aris+ f electric locomotion1 #bgc1 #bgd ,/r\d motor-c> accid5t1 #bfe ,subways & suburban l9es1 #aji1 #aaj ,sund]l& tramc> %ock1 #bfc ,?ames ,tunnel & ,brunei's %ield1 #gf1 #gg ,t\r+ 9 ! ,tubes 7a sket*71 #ij-ajf ,traction eng9e us$ 9 ,crimean ,w>1 #bag ,traffic1 ,london's conge/$1 #ahf1 #ahg -- -- /reet1 #ada1 #adb ,tramc> collision at ,man*e/]1 #bfb -- ov]turn$ 9 ,london1 #bfb1 #bfc -- %ock at ,ramsgate1 #bfd -- -- ,sund]l&1 #bfc ,tramc>s1 ,electric1 ,description (1 #acg1 #ach ,tramway accid5ts1 #beh-bfc ,tramway tracks1 ma9t5ance (1 #aej1 #aea -- traction1 v>i\s me?ods ( electric1 #aca-acg ,tramways1 ,birm+ham1 #agj1 #aga -- ,briti% ,electric ,traction ,co4's1 #ahj-ahb -- ,electric1 ,accid5t at ,*a?am1 #bei1 #bfj -- -- -- ,devonport1 #bfa1 #bfb -- -- -- ,glasg[1 #bfj1 #bfa -- -- -- ,hudd]sfield1 #beh1 #bei -- -- ,accid5ts1 ,(ficial report ^u causes (1 #bfa1 #bfb -- -- accumulators1 ,haulage ( by1 #acg -- -- clos$ conduit1 ,haulage ( by1 #acd -- -- g5]ally1 #abh-adj -- -- ,municipal1 ,ext5t (1 9 ,briti% ,isles1 #afd-aff -- -- ,objections to1 #beh -- -- op5 conduit1 ,haulage ( by1 #acc1 #acd -- -- ov]head trolley1 ,haulage ( by1 #acd-acg -- ,glasg[1 #aff-afh -- haulage on1 ,v>i\s me?ods (1 #acj1 #aca -- ,hi/ory (1 #abh-acj -- ,introduction (1 by ,g4 ,f4 ,tra91 #abh1 #abi -- ,liv]pool1 #afh1 #afi -- ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil's sy/em (1 #adf-aej -- -- 9 ! pa/1 #abi1 #acj -- -- ,unit$ ,company1 #aef-afj -- -- -- -- ,ext5sion to ,hampton ,c\rt1 #aef-aei -- ,london's1 #ada-afa -- ,man*e/]1 #afi1 #agj -- ,prov9cial1 #afb-ahe -- -- rural1 #aga1 #agd -- ,rural1 ,effect ( ,light ,railways ,act1 #ahif1 on1 #afc1 #afd -- -- ,local au?orities &1 #ahb-ahe -- -- ,new ord] (1 #agi-ahb -- -- ,old ord] (1 #agc1 #agd ,tramways1 ,rural1 ,usefulness (1 #agb1 #agc -- ,ru% = ! ,london1 #ach-adj ,trial trip 9 ! ,city & ,s\? ,london ,railway1 #ai-bb ,tube ,bills 9 ,p>liam5t 7#aijb71 #aaj1 #aaa -- -- -- -- ,au?oris$1 91 #aab -- -- -- 7#aijc71 ,po/pon$1 #aad1 #aae -- ,london's late/ & longe/1 #aag-abg -- mole at "w1 ,!1 #ha1 #hb -- -- -- ,objections to1 #hb -- ,railway1 ,c5tral ,london1 #fc-gc -- -- ,city & ,s\? ,london1 #ae-ah1 #bb1 #bc -- -- ,great ,nor!rn1 ,brompton1 & ,piccadilly ,circus1 #aag-abg -- -- ,wat]loo & ,city1 #bc-bf -- railways1 ,dep?s (1 #ha -- -- ,h[ !y are bor$1 #gg-ha -- -- op5 = traffic 9 ,london1 #aaj ,tubes1 ,london's tangl$1 #ajg-aaf -- -- -- ,sugge/$ rem$y =1 #ajh1 #aji -- ,railway travell+ 91 ,m$ical objections to1 #bef1 #beg -- ,t\r+ 9 ! 7a sket*71 #ij-ajf ,tub+1 ,claims = damage caus$ by railway1 #hc-hf ,tubul> sy/em1 ,!1 #gd-hi -- -- ,orig9 (1 #ge1 #gf ,unpopul>ity ( motor-c>s1 #bjj-bjb1 #bbf1 #bbg ,usefulness ( motor-c>s1 #bbf1 #bbg -- ( rural tramways1 #agb1 #agc ,vehicles1 ,electric motor1 #bjf1 #bjh -- ,horseless1 electrical & o!rwise1 #bjj-bbi -- -- 9 ! pa/1 #bjc1 #bjd ,vibration ( railway ,tubes1 ,annoyance f1 #hf-hi -- -- -- -- -- ,bo>d ( ,trade ,committee ^u1 #hg -- -- -- -- -- ,report ( ,bo>d ( ,trade ,committee ^u1 #hg-hi ,w>f>e1 motor vehicles 91 #bad-bah ,wat]loo & ,city ,railway1 #bc-bf ,,plym\? ,,william ,,br5don ,,& ,,son ,,pr9t]s ,,footnotes3 #a ,?is is by no means ! olde/ /eam-eng9e at "w 9 ! k+dom1 ! doy5 be+ "o built z f> back z #agfg1 & us$ cont9u\sly ev] s9ce at ,*>les ,clif=d & ,sons' ,metal-roll+ ,mills1 ,birm+ham4 ,x is ( beam type1 & ! oak beam 0 only replac$ at ! end ( la/ ye> by "o ( iron4 ,9 #ahab a new cyl9d] 0 put 91 b ! re/ ( ! eng9e rema9s z x 0 #acf ye>s ago1 ev5 to ! connect+-rod = roll+-mill purposes4 ,x is said t ?is ,g4,o4,m4 is m economical ?an _m ( ! mod]n eng9es us$ 9 ! trade4 #b ,! bigge/ & mo/ p[]ful locomotive 9 ! _w is /at$ to be ! 8,bessem]10 built 9 #aijj at ! ,pittsburg ,locomotive ,works1 ,u4,s4,a41 weigh+ ) its t5d] #age tons4 ,its height is #af feet f rail to top ( smoke-/ack1 & x is capable ( easily draw+ a tra9 ( #d1jjj tons at #be miles an h\r1 or #h1jjj tons at #ae miles an h\r4 ,its haul+ p[] is !re=e enorm\s1 & s x ought to be1 z ! diamet] ( ! smalle/ r+ ( ! boil] is #g feet #aj in*es4 ,! ne>e/ approa* 9 size to ?is mon/] 0 con/ruct$ 9 ,great ,brita9 = ! ,santa ,f ,railway 9 ,arg5t9a1 & weigh$ #aej tons4 #c ,see ,*apt] ,i4 #d ,^! h s9ce giv5 place to motor-c>s built 9 ,am]ica4 #e ,report ( ,p>liam5t>y ,committee on ,h\s+ ( ! ,poor1 #aijb4 #f vide ,*apt] ,v4 #g ,"o ( ! l>ge/ tramway s*emes ev] promot$ is conta9$ 9 ! ,nott+ham%ire & ,d]by%ire ,tramways ,bill1 :i* came be=e ,p>liam5t 9 ,m>* la/4 ,! r\tes h a total l5g? ( #hj miles1 & pass ?r\gh a di/rict ) a population ( close ^u ?ree-qu>t]s ( a million4 ,! idea is to connect1 by means ( electric tramways1 ! t[ns ( ,nott+ham1 ,long ,eaton1 ,d]by1 ,ilke/on1 ,ripley1 ,alfreton1 ,sutton-9-,a%field1 ,pleasley1 ,mansfield1 ,ea/wood1 ,bulwell1 & ,hucknall ,tork>d4 #h ,9 ,engl& ! motor-c> is beg9n+ to play an important "p 9 c\ntry p>liam5t>y elections4 ,motor-c>s are us$ by comm]cial travell]s1 & are be+ tri$ = ! (ficial "w ( ! police ab\t ! metropolis4 ,! ,g5]al ,po/ ,(fice is also giv+ motor c>ri]s a trial = lett]s & p>cels2 & motors are utilis$ = du/-c>ts4 #i ,a v curi\s &1 to ! sup]/iti\s1 significant co9cid5ce 0 rec5tly report$ f ,irel&4 ,la/ ye>1 :5 p]mission 0 ask$ to repair ! road betwe5 ,newca/le & ,kilcoole1 a memb] ( ! rural c\ncil oppos$1 decl>+ t x 0 good en\gh = f>m]s1 & !y did n want to enc\rage 8galoots 9 motor-c>s0 & 8g-boys on bicycles0 9 _! neighb\rhood4 ,?is c\ncillor 01 n long s9ce1 kill$ ?r\gh ! :eel ( 8 c>t cat*+ 9 "o ( ! ruts compla9$ (6 #aj ,bo? ,brunel & ,scott ,russell1 ! em95t %ipbuild]1 argu$ t f sci5tific !ory & actual exp]i5ce !re ne$ be no limit to ! size ( a %ip :5 con/ruct$ on ! tubul> pr9ciple1 except t :i* ! quality ( ! mat]ial impos$4 #aa ,! ,hamburg-,am]ican ,l9e's luxuri\s ya*t ,pr9zess9 ,victoria ,luise has a spl5didly-equipp$ gymnasium1 :]e ! pass5g]s c indulge 9 horse-rid+1 cycl+1 & r[+1 on ! v>i\s app>atus in/all$4 ,on "o ( ! decks is a fir/-class 8cricket-pit*10 a t5nis-c\rt1 & an ar*]y gr\nd4 #ab ,a heat] devis$ by ,mr4 ,e4 ,g4 ,riv]s1 *ief electrical eng9e] to ! ,(fice ( ,works1 br+s ! problem ( electric heat+ = dome/ic purposes well )9 ! b\nds ( practical utility4 ,x r5d]s possible ! employm5t ( electricity = heat+ build+s1 = cook+1 & = o!r uses 9 a mann] hi!rto impossible4 ,mr4 ,riv]s is engag$ 9 develop+ 8 inv5tion 9 ! direction ( apply+ x to cook+-ranges1 & expects v %ortly to adapt x to t use4 ,typographical errors correct$ by ! etext transcrib]3 safegu>d aga9/ breaksd[n safegu>d aga9/ breakd[ns pg #h ,motor tricycles & bicylces ,motor tricycles & bicycles pg #bje