,,oratory ,,sacr$ ,,& ,,secul>3 ,,or1 ,,! ,extemporane\s ,speak]1 ,,) ,,sket*es ,,( ,,! ,,mo/ ,,em95t ,,speak]s ,,( ,,all ,,ages ,,by ,,william ,,pitt5g]1 ,au?or ( 8,d>+ & ,suff]+40 ,,introduction ,,by ,,hon4 ,,john ,a4 ,,b+ham1 ,,& ,,app5dix ,,conta9+ ,a 8,,*airman',s ,,guide0 ,,= ,,conduct+ ,,public ,,meet+s ,,accord+ ,,to ,,! ,,be/ ,,p>liam5t>y ,,models4 ,new ,york3 ,,samuel ,r4 ,,wells1 ,,publi%]1 #chi ,,broadway4 #ahfi4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahfh1 ,by ,,samuel ,r4 ,,wells4 ,9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = ! ,s\!rn ,di/rict ( ,new ,york4 ,,edw>d ,o4 ,,j5k9s1 ,,pr9t] ,,& ,,/]eotyp]1 #bj ,nor? ,william ,/reet4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,preface4 ,:5 we fir/ began to speak 9 public1 we felt ! ne$ ( a manual t w\ld po9t out ! h9drances likely to be met )1 & s]ve z a guide to self-improvem5t4 ,su* help w\ld h prev5t$ _m difficult & pa9ful exp]i5ces1 & h r5d]$ our progress 9 ! delightful art ( co9+ ?\ght into words m easy & rapid4 ,9 ! foll[+ pages we give ! result ( ?\ght & obs]vations 9 ?is field1 & tru/ x w b5efit ^? :o are n[ 9 ! position we 7 !n4 ,we h freely avail$ ourself ( ! labor ( o!rs1 & w\ld especially ackn[l$ge ! valuable assi/ance d]iv$ f ! writ+s ( ,bauta91 ,/ev5s & ,holyoake4 ,yet ! foll[+ "w1 ) :atev] m]it or dem]it x may possess1 is orig9al 9 bo? ?\ght & arrangem5t4 ,we h treat$ g5]al prep>ation ) m ?an ord9>y fullness1 = al?\gh (t5 neglect$1 x is ! necess>y basis ^u :i* all special prep>ation re/s4 ,z ! num]\s v>ieties ( spee* diff] 9 comp>atively few p>ticul>s1 we h treat$ "o ( ! mo/ common--t ( prea*+--9 detail1 ) only su* brief notices ( o!r =ms z w direct ! /ud5t 9 apply+ g5]al pr9ciples to ! bran* ( oratory t engages 8 att5tion4 ,we are n va9 en\gh to believe t ! modes ( culture & prep>ation po9t$ out 9 ! foll[+ pages are inv>iably ! be/1 b !y are su* z we h f\nd useful1 & to ! ?\ghtful m9d may sugge/ o!rs /ill m valuable4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,preface4--,objects ( ! ,"w /at$ #c ,,introduction--,by ,hon4 ,,john ,a4 ,,b+ham1 ,memb] ( ,congress #g ,,"p ,i4--,,g5]al ,,prep>ations4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,writt5 ,,& ,,extempore ,,disc\rse ,,comp>$--,illu/rative ,examples #ac ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,pr]equisites--,intellectual ,compet5cy2 ,/r5g? ( ,body2 ,comm& ( ,language2 ,c\rage2 ,firmness2 ,self-reliance #ah ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,basis ,,( ,,spee*--,?\ght & ,emotion2 ,he>t ,cultivation2 ,e>ne/ness #bg ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,acquirem5ts--,g5]al ,k2 ( ,bible2 ( ,!ology2 ( ,m52 ,me?od by :i* su* ,k may be obta9$ #ce ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,cultivation--,imag9ation2 ,language2 ,voice2 ,ge/ure2 ,confid5ce2 ,ref]5ces to ,di/+ui%$ ,orators & ,writ]s4 #db ,,"p ,,ii4--,a ,,s]mon4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,f\ndation ,,= ,a ,,prea*]--,subject2 ,object2 ,text2 ,h9ts to ,"y ,prea*]s #fi ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,plan--,ga!r+ ,?\ght2 ,arrang+2 ,committ+2 ,practical ,sugge/ions2 ,use ( ,notes #hj ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,prelim9>ies ,,= ,,prea*+--,fe>2 ,vigor2 ,op5+ ,ex]cises2 ,requisites = a ,successful ,disc\rse #if ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,divisions--,introduction1 ,difficulties 9 ,op5+2 ,discussion1 ,simplicity & ,directness2 ,conclusion #ajd ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,aft] ,,consid]ations--,success2 ,re/2 ,improvem5t2 ,practical ,sugge/ions #aae ,,"p ,,iii4--,,secul> ,,oratory4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,in/ructive ,,address--,fields ( ,oratory2 ,oral ,tea*+2 ,lectur+ #abc ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,miscellane\s ,,address--,delib]ative2 ,legal2 ,popul>2 ,controv]sial2 ! ,/atesman2 ! ,lawy]2 ! ,lectur]2 ! ,orator #abg ,,"p ,,iv4 ,,em95t ,,speak]s ,,describ$--,/4 ,augu/9e2 ,lu!r2 ,"l ,*a?am2 ,william ,pitt2 ,edmund ,burke2 ,mirabeau2 ,patrick ,h5ry2 ,george ,:itefield2 ,john ,wesley2 ,sidney ,smi?2 ,f4 ,w4 ,rob]tson2 ,h5ry ,clay2 ,h5ry ,b4 ,bascom2 ,john ,summ]field2 ,c4 ,h4 ,spurgeon2 ,h5ry ,w>d ,bee*]2 ,anna ,e4 ,dick9son2 ,john ,a4 ,b+ham2 ,william ,e4 ,glad/one2 ,mat!w ,simpson2 ,w5dell ,phillips2 ,john ,p4 ,durb92 ,newman ,hall1 & o!rs #acc ,,app5dix4 ,,! ,,*airman',s ,,guide--,h[ to ,organize & ,conduct ,public ,meet+s & ,debat+ ,clubs 9 ,p>liam5t>y /yle #aii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,introductory ,,lett]4 ,,rev4 ,,wm4 ,,pitt5g]3 ,,cadiz1 ,o41 #ai? ,nov41 #ahfg4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i ?ank y = call+ my att5tion to y\r =?com+ "w on ,extemporane\s ,speak+4 ,unwritt5 spee* is1 9 my judgm5t1 ! m effici5t me?od ( public speak+1 because x is ! natural me?od4 ,! writt5 essay1 says an em95t critic ( antiquity1 8is n a spee*1 unless y *oose to call epi/les spee*es40 ,a cultivat$ man1 fully possess$ ( all ! facts :i* relate to ! subject ( :i* he w\ld speak1 :o _c cle>ly express himself )\t fir/ memoriz+ ^w = ^w 8 writt5 prep>ation1 c sc>cely be call$ a public speak]1 :atev] may be 8 capacity z a writ] or read]4 ,! speak] :o clo!s 8 ?\ghts at ! mom5t ( utt]ance1 & 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 he>]s1 w illu/rate by 8 spee* ! admirable say+ ( ,s5eca3 8,fit words bett] ?an f9e ones40 ,x is n my purpose to ent] ^u any inquiry t\*+ ! gifts1 culture & practice necess>y to make a p[]ful & successful speak]4 ,x is conc$$ t 9 ! art ( public speak+1 z 9 all o!r arts1 !re is no excell5ce )\t great labor4 ,nei!r is x ! int5t ( ! writ] to sugge/ ! possibility ( speak+ effici5tly )\t ! c>eful culture ( voice & mann]1 ( intellect & he>t1 an exact k ( ! subject1 & a c>eful arrangem5t1 ) or )\t writ+1 ( all ! facts & /atem5ts involv$ 9 ! discussion4 ,"l ,br\gham has said t a spee* writt5 be=e deliv]y is reg>d$ z some?+ almo/ ridicul\s2 may we n add1 t a spee* made )\t previ\s reflection or an accurate k ( ! subject1 w\ld be reg>d$ z a m]e t9kl+ cymbal4 ,i int5d no depreciation ( ! elaborate writt5 essay read = ! in/ruction or amusem5t ( an assembly2 b claim t ! essay1 read1 or recit$ f memory1 is n spee*1 nor c x supply ! place ( natural effective spee*4 ,! essay deliv]$ is b ! e*o ( ! dead pa/1 ! spee* is ! utt]ance ( ! liv+ pres5t4 ,! deliv]y ( ! essay is ! =mal act ( memory1 ! deliv]y ( ! unwritt5 spee* ! liv+ act ( intellect & he>t4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two is kn[n & felt ( all m54 ,to all ?is x may be answ]$ t ! anci5t speak]s1 ^: fame /ill survives1 c>efully elaborat$ _! spee*es be=e deliv]y4 ,! fact is admitt$ ) ! fur!r /atem5t1 t _m ( ! spee*es ( ! anci5t orators nev] 7 deliv]$ at all4 ,five ( ! sev5 orations ( ,cic]o aga9/ ,v]res 7 nev] spok51 nei!r 0 ! second ,philippic aga9/ ,m>k ,antony1 nor ! report$ def5ce ( ,milo4 ,we admit t ! anci5t speak]s wrote mu* & practis$ mu*1 & we w\ld comm5d _! example1 9 all1 save a =mal recital ( writt5 prep>ations4 ,!re is no?+ 9 all t has come to u conc]n+ anci5t oratory1 :i* by any means proves t to be effective 9 spee*1 :at is to be said %\ld be fir/ writt5 & memoriz$2 !re is mu* t %[s1 t to enable "o to express 8 own ?\ghts cle>ly & =cibly1 reflection1 culture & practice are ess5tial4 ,"l ,br\gham1 rem>k+ on ! habit ( writ+ spee*es1 says3 8,t a spee* writt5 be=e deliv]y is some?+ anomal\s1 & a spee* int5d$ to h be5 spok5 is a k9d ( byword = some?+ laughable 9 itself1 z describ+ an incongru\s exi/5ce40 ,?is di/+ui%$ man1 9 8 c>eful consid]ation ( ?is subject1 says3 8,we c h>dly assign any limits to ! effects ( great practise 9 giv+ a p[] ( extempore composition10 & notices t x is record$ ( ,demo/h5es1 t :51 ^u "s r>e occasions1 he tru/$ to ! feel+ ( ! h\r1 & spoke (f-h&1 88 eloqu5ce 0 m spirit$ & bold1 & he seem$ sometimes to speak f a sup]natural impulse40 ,if ?is be true ( ! great ,a!nian :o notori\sly w\ld n1 if he c\ld avoid x1 tru/ to ! inspiration ( ! mom5t1 & :o = want ( a prep>$ spee*1 we are told by s*9es1 fail$ be=e ,philip1--might x n be inf]r$ t "o practis$ 9 speak+1 w\ld utt] 8 ?\ghts ) m _s & p[] :5 n re/ra9$ by a writt5 prep>ation & fett]$ by its =mal recital8 ,did n ,fox (t51 9 ! ,p>liam5t1 a*ieve ! highe/ results ( spee* )\t previ\s writt5 prep>ation2 & is x n a fact nev] to be que/ion$1 t ! wond]ful spee* ( ,web/]1 9 reply to ,hayne1 0 unwritt58 ,9 8 admirable lecture on ,eloqu5ce1 ,mr4 ,em]son says3 8,eloqu5ce t s a/oni%es1 is only ! exagg]ation ( a tal5t t is univ]sal4 ,all m5 are competitors 9 ?is art4 99 99 ,a man ( ?is tal5t f9ds himself cold 9 private company1 & proves himself a heavy companion2 b give him a comm&+ occasion1 & ! inspiration ( a great multitude1 & he surprises u by new & unlook$ = p[]s40 99 99 ,inde$1 !re is 9 ?is lecture ( ,mr4 ,em]son1 9 few words1 mu* to su/a9 y\r !ory4 ,he says1 8! ^w eloqu5ce /rictly means out-speak+2 ! ma9 p[]1 s5tim5t--! ess5tial fact is heat1 ! heat :i* comes ( s9c]ity4 ,speak :at y "k & believe1 & are p]sonally answ]able =4 ,?is goes by weight & measure1 l ev]y?+ else 9 ! univ]se4 ,a man to be eloqu5t mu/ h fai? 9 8 subject1 & mu/ h accurate k ( t subject4 99 99 ,! au?or ( p[]--he is ! great man :o always makes a div9e impression1 a s5tim5t m p[]ful 9 ! he>t ?an love ( c\ntry1 & gives p]ceptions & feel+s f> beyond ! limits ( ?\ght4 ,eloqu5ce is ! p[] to translate a tru? into a language p]fectly intelligible to ! p]son to :om y speak4 ,su* a practical conv]sion ( tru?1 writt5 9 ,god's language1 is "o ( ! mo/ beautiful weapons =g$ 9 ! %op ( ! ,div9e ,artific]4 ,god & ,nature are altoge!r s9c]e1 & art %\ld be z s9c]e40 ,h[ c s9c]ity be fully atta9$ 9 ! great art ( public spee*1 if e ^w to be utt]$ mu/ be previ\sly writt5 d[n 9 ! closet1 & memoriz$ & recit$8 ,0 n ,"l ,br\gham "r 9 say+ a spee* writt5 be=e deliv]y is inconsi/5t ) ! inspiration ( ! mom5t1 & ! feel+s "u :i* ! orator is always suppos$ to speak8 ,:at feel+s8 ,! felt-conviction ( ! tru? ( :at he has to say4 ,:at inspiration8 ,! inspiration :i*1 at ! mom5t1 clo!s & expresses ! hone/ ?\ght 9 appropriate words4 ,surely ! liv+ voice1 rightly cultivat$1 & rightly employ$1 is a p[] 9 ! _w1 & to condemn y = call+ att5tion to :at y believe to ! mo/ effici5t me?od ( human spee*1 w\ld be "o ( ^? decisions ( ignorant arrogance :i* x co/s no labor & ne$s no intellect to pron\nce4 ,is n ! man :o well & tru?fully speaks 8 own ?\ghts1 z ,%akspe>e & ,bacon wrote1 9 "s s5se _! pe]8 ,is n ! m]e recit] ( _! words1 b _! %ad[8 ,x is said ( ,plato1 t he p\r$ =? ! flood ( 8 eloqu5ce z by inspiration1 & t1 _h ! ,fa!r ( ! gods spok5 9 ,greek1 he w\ld h us$ none o!r language ?an ,plato's2 & yet ?is ma/] ( language takes pa9s1 9 report+ ! apology ( ,socrates on trial = 8 life1 to repres5t him z say+ t x w\ld n become him to speak 8/udi$ t]ms & expressions1 b only ! tru? express$ 9 ! pla9e/ language40 ,i quote ! words ( ,socrates z giv5 by ,plato3 8,among ! false /atem5ts :i* my accus]s made1 !re 0 "o at :i* ,i especially m>vel$1 namely :5 !y w>n$ y to take c>e n to be l$ a/ray by me1 inasmu* z ,i 0 a p[]ful speak]4 ,x did appe> to me supremely audaci\s 9 !m to make su* an ass]tion1 ,:i* mu/ imm$iately aft]w>ds be disprov$ by ! fact2 = y w see t ,i h no skill 9 speak+1 unless !y call a man a p[]ful speak] because he says :at is true4 ,if !y mean ?is1 ,i c]ta9ly mu/ all[ t ,i am a speak] ( a v diff]5t k9d f !m2 = !y1 z ,i h said1 h n spok5 a ^w ( tru?2 f me y %all he> ! :ole tru?2 & t n clo!d 9 ornate s5t5ces ) /udi$ t]ms & expressions2 y w h f me pla9 facts express$ 9 ! pla9e/ language4 ,inde$1 ,a!nians1 x w\ld ill become me at my age to come be=e y ) a /udi$ disc\rse l a boy4 ,& !re is "o ?+1 ,o ,a!nians1 :i* ,i mu/ beg & entreat ( y3 if ,i use1 9 my def5se1 ! same t]ms :i* ,i h be5 accu/om$ to use 9 ! m>ket-place & 9 ! %ops :]e mo/ ( y h he>d me talk+1 d n wond] at t1 nor take (f5ce4 ,= ?is is ! fact1 ,i n[ ent] a c\rt ( ju/ice = ! fir/ "t1 ?\gh ,i am m ?an sev5ty ye>s old2 ,i am1 !re=e1 altoge!r /range to ! k9d ( language us$ "h2 & !re=e excuse me1 z if ,i really 7 a /rang]1 if ,i speak to y 9 t tone & 9 t mann] 9 :i* ,i h be5 br\ght up4 ,i ask y a ?+ :i* is1 ,i ?9k1 reasonable1 t y take no acc\nt ( ! mann] ( my address to y--x might be bett]1 x might be worse1 p]haps--b to consid] ?is1 to att5d to ?is1 :e!r ,i say :at is "r or n1 = t is ! virtue ( ! judge1 z to speak truly is ! virtue ( ! advocate40 ,no matt] if ! spee* be n clo!d 9 ornate s5t5ces ) /udi$ t]ms1 x is ! virtue ( ! judge to consid] :e!r ! spee* is "r1 z to speak truly is ! virtue ( ! advocate4 ,x is only1 x seems to me1 :5 m5 speak wisely1 truly & naturally1 t ! full significance ( ,qu9tillian's words c be realiz$3 8,may ,i p]i%1 if ! all-p[]ful ,creator ( nature & ! ,ar*itect ( ?is _w has impress$ man ) any "* :i* s em95tly di/+ui%es him z ! faculty ( spee*40 ,let him :o w\ld use ?is faculty effectively1 & atta9 to t great p[] :i* rules ! m9ds ( m51 & moves ! passions & affections ( ! s\l1 see to x1 t he speaks :at he kn[s & believes1 pla9ly & directly f ! he>t to ! he>t4 ,v truly y\r fri5d1 ,,john ,a4 ,,b+ham4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,g5]al ,,prep>ation4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,writt5 ,,& ,,extempore ,,disc\rse ,,comp>$4 ,! special object ( ! foll[+ pages is to %[ ! mann] & requirem5ts ( extempore prea*+4 ,b z ?is diff]s f o!r me?ods ( spee* 9 its objects r ?an 9 its ext]nal qualities1 _m ( ! ?\ghts we pres5t w apply z well to ! b> & =um z to ! sacr$ desk4 ,!re is ne$ t ?is subject %\ld be en=c$1 p>ticul>ly on ! m9i/ry4 ,a gr[+ desire is manife/$ to give up pla91 direct spee*1 & indulge 9 ! ease & c]ta9ty ( writt5 s]mons4 ,"y m5 f9d !mselves 9 places :]e x requires unwe>i$ ex]tion to su/a9 _! reputation1 & satisfy ! dem&s ( a cultivat$ audi5ce4 ,!y beg9 to fe> t _! spok5 s]mons may be defici5t 9 poli% & /yle1 & at la/ !y write4 ,! p ne>ly always prote/ aga9/ ! innovation1 b to no purpose1 = hav+ conv9c$ himself t he is "r1 ! m9i/] treats _! murmurs z ! effect ( vulg> prejudice1 & z a frequ5t result1 8 usefulness is p]man5tly impair$4 ,?is evil _c be dim9i%$ by d5\nc+ ^? :o engage 9 x1 = ! suppos$ necessity !y labor "u is /rong] ?an any o!r consid]ation4 ,b x may be less5$ by %[+ t !re is a bett] way1 & mak+ x pla94 ,su* w be our endeavor4 ,! two extremes ( spee* are1 ! disc\rse :i* is writt5 & read v]batim1 & t 9 :i* bo? words & ?\ghts are left to ! impulse ( ! mom5t4 ,betwe5 ^! !re are _m int]m$iate grades4 ,! latt] may be exclud$ f ! classification altoge!r1 = no wise man w adopt x except 9 "s un=ese5 em]g5cy4 ,true extemporization relates to ! words alone1 & leaves full room = ! complete prep>ation ( ?\ght4 ,betwe5 ?is & ! manuscript disc\rse !re are v>i\s compromises :i* seek to comb9e ! advantages ( bo?4 ,^!1 = ! sake ( conv5i5ce1 may be call$ ! recit$1 composite1 prem$itat$ & sket*$ disc\rses4 ,x is useless to d5y t ! me?od ( writ+ 9 full & read+1 possesses _m & great advantages4 ,x secures "t = ! consid]ation ( e ?\ght4 ,if ! m9d fags1 ! writ] c pause until x is re/$ & beg9 aga92 & 9 ?is way all ! ideas & expressions t occur = sev]al days c be conc5trat$ into "o s]mon4 ,!n x c be revis$1 & ! language improv$ to an indef9ite ext5t1 & ! s]mon1 9 its complet5ess1 laid away = future use4 ,b !re are great disadvantages4 ,su* a s]mon may1 by solidity ( ?\ght1 & brilliancy ( expression1 comm& approval1 b x w seldom move & sway ! p4 ,! v idea t all has be5 writt5 out1 & is m]ely read1 w t5d p[]fully to neutralize its effects4 ,we may remon/rate aga9/ ?is if we w1 & decl>e t our s]mons %\ld be judg$ by _! sub/ance1 b ?is does n abate ! pref]5ce ( our auditors4 ,!y w retort1 ) tru?1 t !y c read ev5 bett] s]mons at home1 & dwell on !m at _! leisure4 ,:at !y want 9 prea*+ is ! liv+ sympa?y & guidance ( ! prea*]2 8 s\l burn+ & gl[+1 & ?us light+ up o!r s\ls2 8 eye beam+ on !irs2 8 cle>1 f>-see+ m9d1 excit$ by ! magnetism ( tru?1 & appeal+ to _! he>ts ) an e>ne/ness t w take no d5ial4 ,?is fills ! popul> ideal ( prea*+1 & no elaboration1 no ^w music w atone = ! want ( x4 ,m5 ( great g5ius may succe$ o!rwise1 b ! mass ( speak]s _c4 ,! plan ( memoriz+ & recit+ s]mons w\ld seem1 ^u a sup]ficial view1 to secure ! advantages ( read+ )\t its defects4 ,b ano!r & =midable class ( disadvantages come into be+4 ,v few m5 c declaim well4 ,= "o :o c speak f memory ) ease & naturalness1 tw5ty c p\r =? _! ideas 9 ! words ( ! mom5t ) en]gy & effect4 ,a few h ma/]$ ! difficult art1 & won endur+ laurels 9 ?is way1 b _! numb] is too small to enc\rage o!rs to imitation4 ,?is practice also imposes a heavy burd5 on ! m9d4 ,to write & commit two or ?ree s]mons 9 a week1 is a task t only ^? :o are /rong 9 m5tal & physical heal? c p]=m ) impunity1 & ev5 !n x requires too mu* "t2 = no matt] h[ p]fect a m9i/]'s s]mons may be1 unless he fulfills o!r duties1 he _c be :olly successful4 ,mo/ prea*]s :o memorize1 inevitably neglect pa/oral "w because !y h n "t = x4 ,& ano!r effect foll[s t is1 if possible1 /ill worse4 ,in/ead ( gr[+ daily 9 k by dilig5t /udy1 ! m9d is kept on ! tread-:eel task ( writ+ & committ+ s]mons1 & ?us p]man5tly dw>f$4 ,a "y man may take a high] rank at fir/ by memoriz+1 ?an o!rwise1 b he w n reta9 x long1 = ! k o!rs accumulate :ile he is conn+ 8 disc\rses1 w soon place !m above him4 ,! practice ( committ+ brilliant passages to be recit$ ) ! eyes )drawn f ! pap]1 or ?r[n into ! curr5t ( unprem$itat$ disc\rse1 we h t]m$ ! composite mann]4 ,x is op5 to all ! objections urg$ aga9/ ! la/ me?od1 & a mo/ =midable "o 9 addition--! difficulty ( mak+ ^! sudd5 fla%es fit into _! prop] places1 & ( prev5t+ !m f de/roy+ ! unity ( ! :ole disc\rse4 ,!y diff] s widely f ! re/ ( ! composition1 t ! audi5ce are apt to see ! artifice & despise x4 ,a skillful man may jo9 !m prop]ly1 b ev5 !n 8 own att5tion1 & t ( ! audi5ce w1 probably1 be s closely fix$ ^u !m t ! ma9 design ( ! s]mon w pass out ( sight4 ,^! ?ree v>ieties are mu* alike1 & may be call$ bran*es ( ! ^w-prep>ation me?od4 ,9 !m1 words are c>efully *os51 & =m ! gr\ndwork ( disc\rse4 ,! next ?ree are bas$ on ?\ght4 ,! prem$itat$ disc\rse comes ne>e/ to ! ^w me?od4 ,x 0 ! m$ium ( ! wond]ful eloqu5ce ( ! late ,bi%op ,bascom4 ,9 x ! ideas are fir/ arrang$1 & !n ea* ?\ght pond]$ until x resolves itself into words1 :i* are mo/ly recall$ 9 ! mom5t ( spee*4 ,m5 :o speak ?us usually h great comm& ( language & mu* fixity ( impression4 ,^? :o receive ideas readily1 & lose !m aga9 z easily1 c\ld n adopt ?is me?od1 = words previ\sly arrang$ c\ld n be recall$ 9 ! same ord]1 unless !y _h be5 fix$ by ! p54 ,!re is little objection to ?is mode ( prep>ation 9 ! case ( ^? :o are adapt$ to x1 provid$ !y d n c>ry x s f> z to feel burd5$ or confus$4 ,no words %\ld be left 9 *>ge ( ! memory1 & no consci\s ef=t made to recall p>ticul> expressions4 ,/ev5s1 9 8 admirable book call$ 8,prea*+ ,requir$ by ! ,times10 advises m9i/]s1 :5 revolv+ & arrang+ _! ideas1 n to let !m run into words4 ,we c see no ill effect 9 ?is1 provid$ ! result is a natural "o4 ,all ! words mu/ be reta9$ easily 9 ! memory1 & n s\ght = if !y d n spontane\sly pres5t !mselves 9 ! act ( spee*4 ,presid5t ,l9coln1 :o 0 a mo/ effective (f-h& speak]1 said1 t he ow$ 8 skill 9 ?is art to ! e>ly practice ( r$uc+ e ?\ght he ent]ta9$ to ! pla9e/ & simple/ words4 ,!n :5 he desir$ to enunciate an idea he _h no difficulty 9 giv+ x a =m t ev5 a *ild c\ld und]/&4 ,! sket*$ disc\rse approa*es v closely to ! purely extempore me?od1 & only diff]s f x 9 writ+ ! :ole matt] 9 full1 ) no c>e = /yle1 simply to practice 9 ! art ( expression1 & to te/ our ma/]y ( ! plan arrang$4 ,9 x !re is no int5tion ( memoriz+1 or ( us+ ! same words aga91 except s f> z ! ideas 9 _! simple/ =m may sugge/ !m4 ,?is is only do+ on pap] :at1 9 ! la/ me?od1 0 done m5tally4 ,x may be ( great advantage to ^? :o h _h b a limit$ exp]i5ce1 & _c s cle>ly grasp _! ideas 9 ! doma9 ( pure ?\ght z to be sure t !y are fully adapt$ to ! purposes ( _! s]mons4 ,b at ! sl[ rate ( writ+ 9 ! common h&1 ?is requires too mu* "t4 ,if a p]son h ma/]$ ,phonography1 or ,ta*ygraphy1 a valuable improvem5t ( ! =m]1 m easily acquir$ & reta9$ 9 practice1 he may write a s]mon 9 little m ?an ! "t x w take to prea* x1 if he only "w at full spe$ & d n /ay = ! niceties ( /yle4 ,!n ! defects 9 ! arrangem5t or mat]ial1 t be=e escap$ 8 att5tion1 w be br\ght to light4 ,we c judge a s]mon m imp>tially :5 x is plac$ outside ( ! m9d1 ?an if x 7 only m5tally review$1 & we /ill h "t to correct :atev] may be amiss4 ,b ! great me?od ( :i* ! two =m] are m]e bran*es1 & :i* 9 fact und]lies e o!r1 is t ( pure extemporization4 ,9 ?is !re is a firm1 compact road ( previ\sly prep>$ ?\ght lead+ directly to ! object aim$ at4 ,:5 ?us speak+1 we always feel on solid gr\nd1 & ea* mom5t h ! prop]1 select$ idea1 seek+ expression1 & clo?+ itself 9 ! ne$$ words4 ,all m5 talk ?us1 & we _c b reg>d x z ! highe/ =m ( oratory4 ,:5 we h obta9$ complete ma/]y ( expression1 & ! ability to s arrange facts & ideas1 t at ! fitt+ mom5t !y w resolve !mselves into words1 ! high problem ( eloqu5ce is 9 a great measure solv$4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,pr]equisites--,,intellectual ,,compet5cy--,,/r5g? ,,( ,,body--,,comm& ,,( ,,language--,,c\rage--,,firmness4 ,almo/ e speak] has at "s "t long$ to obta9 ! gold5 p[] ( eloqu5ce4 ,x always insures to its =tunate possessor a /rong influ5ce 9 ! affairs ( m54 ,x is ne$$ 9 ! promotion ( e re=m1 & is ! only means by :i* ! m9ds ( a community c be at once mov$ 9 a new direction4 ,:5 employ$ 9 ! s]vice ( error & inju/ice x is l a fall5 ar*angel's p[] = evil4 ,b its highe/ & pure/ sph]e is 9 ! promulgation ( reveal$ tru?4 ,x !re br+s ! ^w ( ,god into liv+ contact ) ! s\ls ( m51 & by x molds !m into a high] life4 ,x is sublime to be a co-work] ) ,god1 & ?us assi/ him 9 peopl+ heav54 ,only ! me?od ( eloqu5ce c be taught4 ,its ref9$ & e!real sub/ance lies beyond ! rea* ( all art4 ,no prea*] c be truly eloqu5t )\t ! baptism ( ! ,holy ,_s1 & ev5 ! excit$ passion & burn+ en?usiasm :i* are ! human s\rces ( ?is quality1 c be acquir$ by no =mul>ies4 ,b !y may be develop$ & prop]ly direct$ :]e a capability = !m exi/s4 ,9 ?is respect !re is ! wide/ diff]5ce ( tal5t4 ,"s m5 nev] c atta9 ! wondr\s p[] ( sway+ _! fell[-be+s4 ,o!rs are born orators4 ,! latt] class is small1 & x is nev] safe to conclude t we belong to x until ! fact has be5 inconte/ably prov$4 ,nei!r is ! class ( incapables v l>ge4 ,! great mass ( m5 lie betwe5 ! extremes4 ,_! tal5ts d n make !m great 9 spite ( !mselves2 b if !y make ! prop] ef=t1 & are favor$ by circum/ances1 !y may become effective1 & ev5 eloqu5t speak]s4 ,to ^! x is ( great importance to h ! "r road po9t$ out1 along :i* !y may travel1 & by e>ne/ toil ga9 ! desir$ end4 ,!re is no 8royal road0 to eloqu5ce1 b "h1 z else:]e1 application & /udy w produce _! prop] effects4 ,yet c]ta9 pr]equisites mu/ be receiv$ f ,god himself1 )\t :i* all cultivation w be va9 z ! attempt to f]tilize ! s&s ( ! sea%ore4 ,! fir/ quality to :i* we w ref]1 is intellectual compet5cy4 ,by ?is1 we mean a /r5g? ( intellect t c grasp an idea1 & =m a complete image ( x2 "o :o is n able to ?9k out a subject 9 its lead+ features1 _c speak on x1 & if ! defici5cy be g5]al1 he is unfitt$ to speak 9 public at all4 ,we w\ld n ass]t t none b m5 ( comm&+ intellig5ce c pr(itably address _! fell[-be+s4 ,x is n ev5 necess>y t ! orator %\ld be above ! av]age ( m5tal p[] possess$ by 8 audi5ce4 ,frankl9 0 entranc$ by ! prea*+ ( ,:itefield1 ?\gh 9 grasp & compass ( m9d almo/ inf9itely 8 sup]ior4 ,a man ( comp>ative dullness may1 by brood+ ov] a p>ticul> subject1 s ma/] x1 t ! greate/ intellect w li/5 to him ) rev]5ce & pr(it4 ,! great ,g]man poet1 ,goe!1 said t he met few m5 f :om he did n le>n some?+ valuable4 ,b no man ought to address ! p unless he c cle>ly compreh5d ! nature ( 8 subject1 m>k out its limitations1 und]/& its relations to o!r subjects1 & s arrange & simplify x z to convey ^! ideas to 8 he>]s4 ,! ,*ri/ian m9i/] has to deal ) a great v>iety ( topics1 & requires m9d en\gh to grasp n "o only1 b _m subjects4 ,x is h>d to det]m9e j h[ mu* m5tal p[] is requir$ to secure a mod]ate degree ( success z an orator4 ,no precise rules c be giv5 on ?is po9t1 & if !y c\ld1 egotism w\ld prev5t ea* f apply+ !m to himself h[ev] correctly he might gauge 8 neighbor4 ,! presumptu\s w\ld d well to rememb] t oratory is ! highe/ ( all arts1 & to measure !mselves ) becom+ humility2 p]haps ! foll[+ que/ions may aid 9 self-exam9ation4 ,c y grasp an idea firmly8 c y foll[ its ramifications1 p]ceive its %ades ( mean+1 & r5d] x famili> 9 all its be>+s8 ,c y analyze x cle>ly1 s t ea* sep>ate "p w be und]/ood by itself1 & !n aga9 l9k ^! toge!r & make ea* s]ve z a /epp+-/one to ! compreh5sion ( t :i* foll[s8 ,if y c d ?is ) a s+le subject1 y h ! m5tal p[] to speak on t subject2 if on all1 or _m ( ! subjects ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 va/ & v>i$ z !y are1 y c prea*4 ,no defici5cy ( intellectual p[] or orig9ality ne$ di%e>t5 y4 ,! fact ( ! close & mutual influ5ce ( body & m9d is beyond dispute1 al?\gh _! connection is a subject ( deep my/]y4 ,:5 we see h[ mu* ! faculties ( reason & imag9ation--nay1 ev5 ( hope1 love1 & fai?--are affect$ by bodily conditions1 we c only exclaim ) ! ,psalmi/1 8,i am fe>fully & wond]fully made40 ,especially is ?is mutual dep5d5ce =c$ ^u ! att5tion ( ! extempore speak]4 ,9 e ef=t he feels ! subtle effect ( physical causes1 & (t5 "u ! pressure ( disease1 /rives 9 va9 to realize ! gr& b intangible ?\ghts t float ?r\gh 8 bra94 ,! body is ! in/rum5t ( ! m9d 9 its communication ) ! outw>d _w1 & ev5 if ! mo/ sublime & glori\s conceptions exi/$ )91 !y w\ld be p[]less if ! bodily organs 7 unequal to ! task ( express+ !m4 ,a dumb man _c be an orator1 no matt] h[ ri*ly end[$2 & all o!r bodily defects w be felt z h9drances ev5 if !y fall %ort ( ! deprivation ( an organ ( s5se4 ,! prea*] ne$s to be a completely develop$ man physically1 z well z m5tally1 ?\gh he may succe$ 9 spite ( _m disadvantages4 ,feeble heal? w always detract f 8 p[]4 ,! m9d may = a "t rise sup]ior to x1 b a cru%+ recoil w foll[4 ,?is takes place :5 ! ill-heal? is n extreme2 b :5 x fett]s ! ability ( expression1 & prev5ts ! manife/ation ( liv+ p[]1 ! b>ri] is absolute4 ,_m m9i/]s utt]ly fail1 because !y =get t eloqu5ce is ! (fspr+ ( heal?2 o!rs1 p]haps1 /ill m un=tunate h battl$ aga9/ disease & bodily infirmity = ye>s1 & yet h be5 doom$ to feel1 amid _! brighte/ aspirations1 t a p[] beyond _! control 0 conqu]+ !m4 ,x is t]rible to sit helpless1 & see a cl\d /eal+ ov] ! brightness ( g5ius1 & %ad+ ! :ole future ( life4 ,yet ?is has be5 ! exp]i5ce ( ?\s&s4 ,we rememb] an impressive illu/ration ( ?is 9 ! case ( "o :o possess$ ! ri*e/ end[m5ts4 ,he 0 almo/ unequal$ z a pulpit orator1 yet1 9 ! middle ( life1 saw 8 p[]s ( usefulness )drawn1 & 8 fame fad+--only because 8 body c\ld n be> ! /ra9 he unwisely put ^u x4 ,9 view ( ! _m facts ( ?is k9d1 x w\ld be well = ! man :o aspires to em95ce 9 ! fields ( eloqu5ce1 to exam9e himself1 & see if he h ! ne$$ physical /r5g?4 ,) "s ! incapacity is no d\bt total4 ,h[ _m m9i/]s h _h _! light turn$ into d>kness by a diseas$ ?roat1 a c]ebral affection1 or a n]v\s disord]8 ,b ! majority ( m5 only ne$ c>e & ob$i5ce to ! laws ( life to br+ _! bodies up to ! /&>d ( effici5cy4 ,9 y\?1 at lea/1 !re is no?+ s easily improv$ z heal?4 ,by ! gold5 rule ( temp]ance 9 all ?+s--9 voice & ?\ght1 z well z food & dr9k--ne>ly all may r5d] ! body adequate to ! manife/ation ( m9d4 ,to an orator1 ! p[] ( readily clo?+ 8 ?\ghts 9 words is indisp5sable4 ,language is ! dress ( ideas--! means by :i* !y are communicat$ to o!rs4 ,! ?\ghts t arise 9 our m9ds resolve !mselves into words z naturally z ! cl\ds d into fall+ %[]s4 ,we use words to "s degree 9 our mo/ secret m$itations1 & :5ev] ! latt] become cle> & well def9$ !y fall into language )\t consci\s ef=t4 ,to cause !m to d ?is ) precision & c]ta9ty is "o ( ! problems ( extempore spee*4 ,! ?\ght is prep>$ 9 advance1 b is to be co9$ into words at ! mom5t4 ,if ! faculty ( language is weak ?is _c be done )\t su* hesitation & emb>rassm5t z greatly to dim9i% ! effect2 b if /rong1 a tide ( words w be p\r$ =? )\t app>5t ef=t4 ,ev5 9 common conv]sation1 a wide diff]5ce 9 po9t ( flu5cy may be obs]v$4 ,9 fact1 x 0 ?is :i* gave ,gall ! fir/ h9t t l$ to ! e/abli%m5t ( ,phr5ology4 ,no d\bt ?is faculty may be greatly cultivat$ & improv$1 b :5 its orig9al /r5g? is v small1 x c n1 probably1 be made available = ready & p[]ful spee*4 ,!re are p]sons ^: voices seem to h no defect1 :o _c le>n to s+2 o!rs1 ) eyes p]fectly organiz$1 are unable to di/+ui% betwe5 colors4 ,! p[] ( language may be equally defici5t 9 an o!rwise well-con/itut$ m9d4 ,we once knew a man :o c\ld n f9d ! words necess>y to make ! mo/ common /atem5t )\t long & emb>rass$ pauses4 ,he =got ! names ( 8 ne>e/ neighbors2 &1 :5 tell+ a /ory1 requir$ p]petual prompt+ :]ev] names occurr$1 & w\ld (t5 hesitate until "s e-day t]m 0 sugge/$ to him4 ,no cultivation w\ld h made him a speak]4 ,he _h z mu* education z 8 neighbors ar\nd1 & 0 n rem>kably dull4 ,he 0 simply an almo/ wordless man4 ,_m p]sons suff] 9 ! same mann]1 ?\gh b few to ! same degree4 ,b ! m]e fact t a man is sl[ ( spee* is no b> ev5 to ! highe/ em95ce z an orator4 ,! prop] te/ ( ! p[] ( ?is faculty is 9 common conv]sation4 ,!re "o feels p]fectly at ease1 & deals ) matt]s he und]/&s4 ,if he h b a mod]ate %>e ( flu5cy1 he w h no difficulty 9 convey+ 8 ideas4 ,b if he does exp]i5ce su* difficulty1 x %[s a radical defect :i* art c nev] remove4 ,b we %\ld n be disc\rag$ if x is h>d to f9d appropriate words :5 speak+ on unfamili> subjects1 = we _c h words to express ideas be=e possess+ ! ideas !mselves6 ,^? :o are defici5t 9 language1 b h /rong p[]s ( ?\ght1 are almo/ ! only p]sons :o really f9d relief 9 writ+ & read+ _! s]mons4 ,if !y h "t to wait1 ! "r ^w may come to !m1 or !y c se>* ?r\gh diction>ies = x2 b 9 ! hurry ( spee* !re is no su* leisure = selection4 ,!y h "s excuse = writ+1 ?\gh x w /ill be que/ionable :e!r x w\ld n be bett] = !m to da% ahead ) ! loss ( "s precision1 or if ?is _c be done1 ab&on altoge!r a pr(ession = :i* !y are s obvi\sly unfitt$4 ,a man mu/ h a degree ( c\rage to place himself )9 rea* ( any dang]1 & rema9 !re4 ,if he be de/itute ( x1 he w resign ! hope ( victory r ?an enc\nt] ! p]ils by :i* x may be won4 ,x is ne$$ 9 extempore speak+ z well z 9 any species ( physical dang]1 = ! p]ils to be enc\nt]$ are n less t]rible4 ,to "s s5sitive m9ds ^! ev5 am\nt to a species ( m>tyrdom4 ,!y g to ! desk trembl+ 9 e limb1 & w\ld feel wond]fully reliev$ if !y c\ld ex*ange _! position = ! t5t$ field1 :]e ! w>f>e w\ld be ( ! body only1 & n ( ! _s4 ,"s ( ! greate/ orators h nev] be5 able to entirely ov]come ?is feel+1 al?\gh !y may h be5 free f ! fe> ( failure4 ,b x is difficult to be p]fectly assur$ ev5 aga9/ failure4 8,!re is no?+ s fitful z eloqu5ce10 says ! ,abbe ,bauta91 :o 0 well qualifi$ to judge4 ,! practic$ & prep>$ orator does n (t5 dread los+ comm& ( words altoge!r1 & be+ oblig$ to close be=e ! prop] "t1 b fe>s t 8 ri* & gl[+ conceptions may fade1 & 8 high ideal be unatta9$4 ,m]e boldness does n suffice to protect a speak] f ^! dang]s4 ,( :at avail is a man's c\rage if 8 bra9 be cl\d$ & 8 tongue p>alyz$8 ,he _c brave ! consequ5ces1 = ! p[] ( ridicule is too ke5 = any armor--at lea/ :5 x comes 9 su* a conc5trat$ volume z falls on ! head ( ! un=tunate speak] :o c n f9i% :at he has begun4 ,at su* a "t ! boa/]'s fate is wor/ ( all2 =1 :ile o!rs are piti$1 he is cru%$ b5ea? ! scorn & triumph ( 8 audi5ce4 ,!re is no positive gu>d aga9/ failure4 ,public speak+ is a mod]n battle1 9 :i* ! mo/ skillful w>rior may be /rick5 d[n by a r&om bullet--! brave/ sla9 by a c[>d6 ,:at !n is ! b5efit ( c\rage8 ,we h plac$ x 9 ! li/ ( ess5tial qualities1 & believe ! orator _c succe$ )\t x4 ,x does n op]ate by r5d]+ failure impossible1 or ev5 mat]ially r$uc+ ! risk1 b by enabl+ u to endure all dang] & press on4 ,bonap>te said t mo/ g5]als fail$ 9 "o po9t--!y delay$ to attack :5 x became necess>y to fight a great battle4 ,! issue 0 s unc]ta9--s f> beyond ! rea* ( human wisdom--t !y hesitat$ & delib]at$ until ! favorable mom5t _h pass$ =ev]4 ,9 w> ?is timid policy c\rts de/ruction1 by p]mitt+ ! adv]s>y to *oose 8 own "t to /rike4 ,! same pr9ciple gov]ns 9 o!r affairs4 ,! risk mu/ be tak54 ,a man ( c\rage d]ives new lessons f 8 failures1 & makes !m ! introduction to future triumphs4 ,especially 9 ! field ( oratory is !re no possibility ( success1 if ?is indomitable1 p]sev]+ _s be want+4 ,_m p]sons ( excell5t tal5ts h be5 condemn$ to p]petual sil5ce1 because !y w\ld n endure ! p]ils ( spee*4 ,m5 :o h in/ruct$ ! _w by _! p5s1 & 9 ! privacy ( ! social circle h *>m$ _! fri5ds by ! magic ( _! conv]sation1 h nev] spok5 9 public because !y %runk f ! inevitable haz>d4 ,!re is no difficulty 9 det]m9+ :e!r we possess ?is quality or n4 ,let ! trial be made1 & if we d n ab&on our po/s & incur disgrace r ?an speak1 we h all ! boldness t is ne$$4 ,! quality ( firmness 9 oratory is sometimes und]valu$4 ,:ile /eady1 p]sev]+ indu/ry1 work+ t[>d a def9ite end1 is kn[n to be ess5tial 9 ev]y?+ else1 9 ?is field g5ius is (t5 suppos$ to be suffici5t4 ,!re nev] 0 a great] mi/ake4 ,nature does lay ! f\ndation broad & deep = "s m51 b !y mu/ build dilig5tly ^u x to make _! gifts avail+4 ,! way to em95ce1 ev5 = ! favor$ few1 is long & h>d1 requir+ deep ?\ght & e>ne/ /riv+1 & )\t a /rong purpose fix$ 9 ! v beg9n+1 & firmly adh]$ to ?r\gh ye>s ( labor1 !re is slight *ance ( success4 ,a few p]sons h ris5 to em95ce )\t appe>+ to pay ! price = x1 b su* exceptions are m app>5t ?an real4 ,!re are times ( great excitem5t1 :5 "s "o be=e unkn[n is able to speak s z to fix ! eyes ( ! nation ^u himself1 b unless he has be5 previ\sly prep>$1 & cont9ues to put =? resolute ef=t1 8 success is b transitory4 ,! c>e] ( ,patrick ,h5ry is adduc$ z an in/ance ( success )\t labor4 ,he _h little education 9 ! s*ools1 b le>n$ mu* f ,nature h]self4 ,8 obs]vation 0 tireless4 ,x is said1 t :5 he kept a c\ntry /ore1 he w\ld sit & "q 8 cu/om]s by ! h\r1 caus+ !m to display _! v>i\s dispositions4 ,he 0 ?us le>n+ to play ^u ! human he>t1 & z ?is 0 only "o manife/ation ( a rul+ passion1 x d\btless took a hundr$ o!r =ms4 ,:5 on ^? long hunt+ excursions 9 ! beautiful valley ( ,virg9ia1 h[ _m deep & ineffaceable impressions mu/ h be5 made on 8 m9d4 ,he _h a pe]less g5ius1 yet all we c le>n ( him leads u to believe t he cultivat$ x to ! utmo/1 at lea/ z appli$ to oratory4 ,! famili> examples ( ,demo/h5es & ,cic]o are n solit>y ones4 ,all :o h acquir$ ! p[] ( effective spee* h toil$ long & pati5tly4 ,! poor1 weak wav]] c nev] be an orator 9 ! highe/ s5se ( ! t]m1 h[ev] he may1 on special occasions1 fla% into mom5t>y brilliancy4 ,& z ! m9i/] ( ! ,gospel mu/ cultivate ! mo/ difficult field ( eloqu5ce1 we advise no "o to attempt prea*+ :o is n consci\s ( a /rong1 un*angeable purpose--a purpose t w be> delay1 disc\ragem5t & we>y wait+4 ,( c\rse1 ! nature ( all ! results obta9$ ?r\gh our firmness w dep5d on ! direction ( our ef=ts4 ,if p]sonal ambition1 or pecuni>y pr(it be ! object t[>d :i* we b5d our en]gies1 ! gr& & holy "* ( ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry w be lo/ sight (4 ,b let our aim be unselfi%1 & our success w be pure & noble4 ,to him :o has a m9d to conceive1 a body ) /r5g? to execute1 language to co9 ! mass ( ?\ghts into words1 c\rage to be> ! scrut9y ( a ?\s& eyes1 & firmness t w endure ! toil ( prep>ation--to him ! upw>d pa?way is cle>4 ,he may n w9 great fame1 b he w be able to pres5t ! tru? 9 its native beauty1 & make 8 words fall ) weight & p[] on ! he>ts ( m54 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,basis ,,( ,,spee*--,,?\ght ,,& ,,emotion--,,he>t ,,cultivation4 ,?\ght & emotion are two prime elem5ts 9 ! manife/ations ( m9d4 ,all ! products ( m5tal action1 unless x be ! my/]i\s p[] ( w1 are divid$ betwe5 !m1 & by !m1 ?r\gh v>i\s means ( expression1 we rea* & influ5ce ! outw>d _w4 ,?\ght spr+s f ! intellect1 & acts ^u ! facts receiv$ f e s\rce1 reta9+1 arrang+ & modify+ !m at w4 ,feel+ is ! m9d's response to all ^!1 & comprises fe>1 love1 hope1 fai?1 hatr$ & all ! s5tim5ts & emotions t are describ$ "u ! g5]al "n ( 8! he>t40 ,spee* is f\nd$ on ^! two elem5ts1 :i* meet & m+le 9 e human production1 ?\gh seldom 9 ! same proportion4 ,! speak] :o has greate/ ma/]y ( "o1 is (t5 mo/ defici5t 9 ! o!r4 ,b if s1 ! :ole range ( eloqu5ce is n op5 to him4 ,he is only a half-develop$ orator1 & 8 usefulness w be v mu* n>r[$4 ,a man ( deep ?\ght b sluggi% emotion1 may en*a9 ! att5tion ( an assembly by ! novel & f>-rea*+ views he pres5ts & ! ability ) :i* he unfolds !m1 b ! :ole disc\rse w be dull & lifeless4 ,he w f9d x v difficult to move 8 he>]s to action4 ,!y may ass5t to e ^w he utt]s1 & yet cont9ue 9 _! own c\rse4 ,e m9i/]'s exp]i5ce furni%es pro( t x is n en\gh to conv9ce1 or x w\ld be v easy to conv]t ! _w4 ,at times x is "r to use ! sword ( intellect alone4 ,9 controv]sy1 = example1 a solid basis ( reason+ mu/ be laid be=e any?+ else c be done4 ,b x is n always en\gh4 ,m5 are l$ z (t5 by _! s5tim5ts & intuitions z by _! judgm5ts1 & we are all[$ to use all lawful means to w9 !m4 ,ev5 ! pure light ( tru? is n always to be discov]$ ?r\gh ! intellect alone4 ,a m]e feel+ ( :at is "r1 or j1 or true1 (t5 leads1 9 an in/ant1 to a conviction t all subsequ5t reason+ c only /r5g!n4 ,! ideal orator1 !re=e1 is "o :o1 ev5 9 argum5t1 c %[ ! tru?1 & !n1 by a fla% ( heav5ly sympa?y1 *ange our cold ass5t into f]v5t conviction4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a man ( pr$om9ant feel+ may make u weep1 b z we see no reason = x1 we resi/ ! emotion to ! ext5t ( our p[]4 ,if we yield1 a reaction foll[s1 & we g away a%am$ ( :at we _c ju/ify4 ,( ?is class 7 "s ( ! e>ly ,me?odi/ prea*]s--! weep+ prophets1 z !y 7 t]m$4 ,_! te>s1 & ! feel+ ) :i* !y spoke1 7 (t5 irresi/ible1 & by ! m]e =ce ( sympa?y1 m5 :o _h v little intellectual p[] 7 able to sway ! passions ( an audi5ce at w4 ,b _h x n be5 = "s ( _! bre?r51 :o 7 m5 ( ?\ght z well z emotion--m5 :o _h cle> heads to organize & comb9e1 z well z te>s to %$1 ! effect ( _! labor w\ld h be5 evanesc5t z ! emotions !y excit$4 ,cont9uity is a highly important quality ( ?\ght4 ,all m5 ?9k2 !y _c help x1 = ! m9d is ev] active4 ,b ) mo/ ^! ?\ghts are b r&om fla%es--illum9at$ pictures--t arise = a mom5t1 & !n vani% to give place to o!rs4 ,p[]ful ?9k+ consi/s 9 hold+ ^! scatt]$ images toge!r 9 a *a91 & mak+ !m run un9t]rupt$ly f "o po9t to ano!r4 ,!re is no man :o does n at times cat* glimpses ( f>-rea*+1 pr(\nd ?\ghts2 b be=e he c comb9e !m into h>mony & place !m 9 _! prop] relation to o!r ?\ghts1 !y disappe>1 & he may se>* long be=e he w f9d !m aga94 ,all p]sons see ! beauties ( natural sc5]y1 b x is only ! poet :o c reproduce ! scatt]$ elem5ts & comb9e !m into a h>moni\s description4 ,only ! true ?9k] c ga!r ! fragm5ts ( ?\ght t fla% ?r\gh ! m9d1 & give !m =m & consi/5cy4 ,?is p[] is indisp5sable to ! speak]4 ,he mu/ give1 n a m]e gall]y ( pictures1 h[ev] beautiful !y may be1 b a succession ( ?\ghts1 naturally connect$1 by :i* ! m9d advances /ep by /ep ?r\gh ! disc\rse1 )\t j> or int]ruption4 ,we w endeavor to give "s directions = ! acquisition ( ?is p[]1 z f> z may be necess>y 9 extempore speak+4 ,! capability ( ?\ght mu/ inde$ be possess$ or all cultivation w be va92 b if ! m9d h any native vigor1 x c le>n to ?9k consecutively & me?odically1 ev5 z ! unskill$ b p]fectly organiz$ h& may be taught to c>ve beautiful & complicat$ =ms4 ,z a g5]al rule1 m5 c be m easily mov$ by appeals made to _! feel+s ?an to _! reason1 & f9d ! mo/ ma/]ly diss]tation cold & lifeless unless reliev$ by "s t\*es ( humanity & passion4 ,a man :o does n possess true feel+ _c s c\nt]feit x z to rea* ! he>ts ( o!rs1 b he may1 9 a great measure1 trans=m 8 own nature & acquire x4 ,! mo/ ess5tial qualification = a religi\s tea*] is a deep p]sonal religi\s exp]i5ce4 ,"o :o has nev] pass$ ?r\gh ! my/ic1 m+l$ sorr[ & joy ( p5it5ce & ! agony ( remorse--has nev] wat*$ ) /ra9+ eyes = ! dawn+ light ( salvation1 & at la/ be5 enabl$ to say1 8,abba1 ,fa!r60 su* a "o _c prea* ! gospel ) p[] & success4 ,8 spee* may glitt] ) all ! fl[]s ( rhetoric & ! =m ( words be complete1 b ! va/ p[] ( ! e>ne/ s\l sympa?iz+ ) all ! lips utt]1 w be abs5t4 ,)\t g5u9e exp]i5ce1 our prea*+ w be apt to fall into t loose g5]alization :i* c d no good4 ,= x is only :5 we plant our feet on liv+ realities--^? we h te/$ & "k to be sure1 & deal 9 p>ticul>1 specifi$ facts1 t we are able to pi]ce ?r\gh all ! folds ( ignorance & self-love1 & awak5 an e*o ( ! consci5ce )94 ,z a m]e =m ( k1 ! exp]i5ce ( ,god's deal+s ) ! awak5$ s\l is m valuable ?an any o!r lore4 ,b its great advantage to ! prea*] is n ! increase ( k4 ,x produces a tide ( emotion t c nev] sleep until ! judgm5t day4 ,x connects ! ,cross & ! div9e ,suff]] ) cords ( liv+ sympa?y t always ?rill to ! v c5tre ( our be+4 ,conv]sion inv>iably deep5s & int5sifies ! emotions ( our nature2 & if ! speak] has pass$ ?r\gh a /rongly m>k$ *ange he w h ! p[] ( imp>t+ 8 impressions to o!rs1 & ( giv+ to 8 descriptions ! inimitable *>m ( reality4 ,if 8 religi\s exp]i5ce accords ) ! ,bible1 he c speak f 8 own he>t ) almo/ irresi/ible =ce4 ,?is 0 ! secret ( ! p[] wield$ by ,lu!r1 ,wesley1 ,:itefield & o!rs :o h %ak5 ! _w4 ,?us prep>$1 ,john ,bunyan wrote ! mo/ wond]ful book ( any age--record$ ! _w's exp]i5ce 9 religion1 & made ! cold1 dead realms ( allegory fla% ) life4 ,he laid ! spell ( 8 g5ius on all alike1 & ! *ild prattles ( ! burd5$ pilgrim ) ! giants 9 8 way1 :ile ! old man is *e]$ by ! light t /reams d[n f ! high hill on :i* ! city is built4 ,! reason ( 8 p[] is simply t he wrote 8 own spiritual exp]i5ce 9 ! language ( tru?4 ,he _h /ood at ! b> ( ,vanity ,fair1 _h f\ght ) ! fi5ds1 & grop$ 8 way ?r\gh ! ,valley ( ! ,%ad[ ( ,dea?4 ,f ! dep?s ( 8 own he>t1 torn by int]nal conflict1 or heal$ & made happy by a heav5ly ano9t+1 he drew ! images t gl[ ) all ! color ( life 9 8 m>vel\s book4 ,love is ! mightie/ ( all =ces1 & ,jesus 0 reveal$ to draw unto himself ! love ( ! univ]se4 ,let ! m9i/] le>n ( him1 & he w be able to speak z he nev] spoke be=e4 ,he w /rike ! key-note ( t song ^: solemn music has roll$ d[n ?r\gh ! c5turies1 & w wax l\d] & cle>] until "t %all be no m4 ,! /ory ( ! ,cross1 ) all t dep5ds ^u x1 =ms pr9cipal "p ( ! ,*ri/ian orator's !me4 ,b he has o!r duties4 ,8 "w is broad z human life4 ,he /&s by ! b$ ( sickness2 he weeps ) ! m\rn]s :5 ! la/ flutt] ( life is /ill$1 & /rives to lift _! eyes to ! victor ov] dea?2 he w>ns ! imp5it5t ( com+ woe4 ,x is 8 to deal ) ! highe/ & holie/ emotions ( ! he>t4 ,& h[ c he t\* ^! delicate *ords g5tly1 b firmly--n %r9k+ f ! infliction ( necess>y pa91 yet nev] caus+ a te> to fl[ 89 ! m]e wantonness ( grief0--unless he has pass$ ?r\gh sorr['s deep wat]s8 ,he mu/ h unfeign$ sympa?y = all1 & be able to express x pla9ly & t5d]ly4 ,?is p[]1 bo? ( feel+ & expression1 may be greatly increas$ by ex]cise4 ,if ! prea*] w ent] ! abodes ( ri* & poor alike1 & take a fri5dly int]e/ 9 _! hopes & fe>s1 _! joys & sorr[s1 he w f9d 8 he>t drawn out t[>d !m1 & :5 he addresses !m 9 public1 x w be ) f> m int5se anxiety = _! good ?an if !y 7 /rang]s4 ,x w be comp>atively easy = him to ?r[ 8 he>t into all he says4 ,!re are two me?ods ( cultivat+ g5u9e emotion t we w\ld cordially recomm5d to all desir\s ( sway+ ! he>ts ( ! p4 ,! fir/ is pray]4 ,we ne$ n enl>ge on its g5]al b5efits1 b w notice its effect on sacr$ oratory4 ,! man :o (t5 addresses ,god 9 pray] is 9 ! v be/ s*ool ( eloqu5ce4 ,x br+s u close to ,him1 & 9 ! awful light ( ,8 purity1 we m cle>ly see any?+ t is bad 9 our he>ts & /rive to ca/ x out4 ,z we pray = o!rs1 & spread _! ne$s be=e him1 we _c fail to be inspir$ ) a /rong] desire = _! welf>e4 ,!n1 too1 religion becomes some?+ m ?an a m]e =m ( words1 & our he>ts burn ) a /rong] flame4 ,we speak n[ ( pray] z x %\ld be--a w>m1 pure1 f]v5t outp\r+ ( ! he>t to ,god4 ,?is is m difficult 9 ! public congregation1 = !n _m di/urb+ elem5ts are br\ght to be> on ! p]son pray+4 ,! li/5+ p are apt to be 9 ! prea*]'s ?\ghts1 & prev5t him f enjoy+ simple & direct communion ) heav54 ,x is ! pray] 8:5 none b ,god is nigh10 t w /ir 8 he>t to its pr(\nde/ dep?s & put 8 m9d 9 ! "r frame = deliv]+ 8 s]mons4 ,let any "o pray e>ne/ly = help f above all ! "t 8 s]mons are 9 c\rse ( prep>ation1 & he w be surpris$ to f9d h[ mu* ( ! coldness & deadness suppos$ to belong to ?is species ( composition w be swept away1 & h[ beautifully ov] all w be spread ! vivid *>m ( real exp]i5ce4 ,yet we mu/ n re/rict our pray]s to ?is "t1 = ,god may n meet u 9 lov+ fri5d%ip if we only approa* him :5 we h a favor to ask4 ,to reap ! full b5efit ( pray]1 x %\ld be a habit wov5 into our life1 & cont9u$ on e occasion4 ,?is w rebuke s9ful ambition & mod]ate t s5sitiv5ess :i* has ref]5ce to ! op9ions ( our fell[-be+s4 ,?us arm$1 ! prea*] w come z ! mess5g] ( ,god1 r ?an ! cat]] to m5's fancies4 ,& f ! m]e op]ation ( natural causes1 he w speak ) a boldness & e>ne/ness t w draw ! he>ts ( m5 z ! magnet does ! /eel4 ,b pray] is f> m ?an ! means ( cultivat+ emotion4 ,!re is a direct influ5ce t comes f ,god to man4 ,! p[] ( ! ,holy ,_s is no fable4 ,a heav5ly ano9t+ is s5t d[n--an unction t gives sweetness & p[] ev5 to ! mo/ commonplace words4 ,x is n be/[$ unask$1 = ,god desires t we %\ld feel ! ne$ ( ,8 high gifts be=e !y are grant$4 ,b :5 humbly implor$1 !re is (t5 brea!d an influ5ce f above1 mighty to su/a9 ! fai?ful m9i/] 9 8 task4 ,:at an enc\rag+ b awful ?\ght6 ,god himself /&s by u 9 ! "t ( our weakness & gives u ,8 /r5g?4 ,if ! m9i/] w\ld always g to ! pulpit ) ?is assurance1 he w\ld n fe> ! mass ( upturn$ faces1 b calmly view !m ) a he>t /ay$ on ! ,ma/] ^: "w he has to d4 ,! ,_s's pres5ce w n 9 ! lea/ absolve u f ! ne$ ( complete prep>ation4 ,9 no?+ is x m true t ,god helps ^? :o help !mselves4 ,all t we cont5d = is su* an influ5ce z w cause ! words utt]$ to p5etrate ! s\ls ( ^? = :om !y 7 spok51 remove ! fe> ( man f ! prea*]'s he>t1 & make him bold 9 speak+ ! tru?4 ,x may be t cle>] k w be giv51 & ! mo/ fitt+ selection ( words sugge/$1 b ?is c only be hop$ = aft] all prep>ation is made4 ,god does n duplicate 8 "w1 & t :i* he gives man faculties to discov]1 he w n aft]w>d br+ to him by an express revelation4 ,! second me?od ( imp>t+ unction & feel+ to ! coldness ( ?\ght1 is by m$itat+ on ! great tru?s & promises ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,?is subject is well treat$ 9 ,baxt]'s 8,sa9t's ,re/10 ?\gh n ) ref]5ce to ! wants ( ! orator4 ,! p[] ( long-cont9u$ & e>ne/ m$itation v>ies 9 diff]5t p]sons1 b all c acquire x to "s degree4 ,x may be def9$ z a me?od ( transport+ ones-self f a s5se ( ! pres5t reality to an ideal situation--rea*+ & exp]i5c+ ! feel+s t w\ld naturally arise 9 t situation4 ,?us we may exp]i5ce "s ( ! pleasures ( heav5 & ! society ( ! ble/4 ,we may walk ! pla9s ( ,galilee ) ! ,"l & behold 8 wondr\s love !re manife/$1 almo/ z if we m+l$ ) ! ?rong :o hung on 8 graci\s words2 we may turn to ! "t ( our own conv]sion1 & recall ! passage f despair to consci\s life2 or look =w>d to ! day ( our dea?1 & ?9k ( its m+l$ sorr[ & triumph4 ,x is a k9d ( wak+ dream by :i* ! m9d is fill$ ) "o idea to ! exclusion ( all o!rs4 ,& :5 we select "s high object ( contemplation & return (t5 to x1 we acquire a susceptibility ( /rong & f]v5t emotion on t subject :i* x requires only a ^w to ar\se4 ,an illu/ration ( ?is is (t5 f\nd 9 ! case ( an inv5tor or discov]] :o has dwelt on "o subject until 8 :ole m9d is fill$ ) x1 & he _c he> x m5tion$ )\t ! deepe/ feel+4 ,h[ev] cold & li/less he may be on o!r subjects1 t\* b ! sacr$ "o ( 8 fancy1 & 8 sp>kl+ eye & animat$ voice tell h[ deeply y h r\s$ ! :ole man4 ,:at an advantage x mu/ be to ! extempore speak]1 ) :om ev]y?+ dep5ds on feel+1 to h all ! c>d9al facts he proclaims surr\nd$ by f\nta9s ( holy emotion1 cont9ually suppli$ f ! spr+ ( m$itation1 & ready to fl[ copi\sly at ! slighte/ t\*6 ,su* tra9s ( ?\ght may be c>ri$ on 9 mom5ts too (t5 giv5 to idl5ess1 & ?us1 n only w a mighty p[] be add$ to our pulpit m9i/rations1 b our :ole life ennobl$ & enri*$4 ,x has be5 conjectur$ t ,milton's m9d1 :ile compos+ 8,p>adise ,lo/10 exi/$ 9 ! /ate ( a sublime wak+ dream1 9 :i* ! =ms ( heav5 & hell1 *aos & creation1 all m+l$ 9 "o glori\s vision4 ,some?+ ( ?is nature1 ?\gh n necess>ily cont9u\s1 mu/ take place 9 ! m5tal hi/ory ( e true & p[]ful ,*ri/ian m9i/]4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,acquirem5ts4--,,k1 ,,g5]al--,,( ,,bible1 ,,( ,,!ology1 ,,( ,,m54 ,?\ght is ! workman ( ! m9d1 & requires mat]ials ^u :i* to labor4 ,we are su* creatures ( exp]i5ce t we _c g f> beyond a f\ndation ( fact1 or weave long tra9s ( pure imag9ation4 ,9 ! wilde/ fiction ! m9d c only comb9e & re>range :at 0 previ\sly kn[n4 ,?is necessity re/s ) add$ weight ^u ! prea*]4 ,he _c inv5t 8 mat]ials 9 ! s5se ! poet c1 b mu/ conf9e himself to ! /atem5t ( unadult]at$ tru?4 ,=tunately1 he has no n>r[ field to explore1 = all k is relat$ to 8 !mes4 ,he has to speak ( ,god1 by :om ev]y?+ exi/s1 & ^: glory %9es ?r\gh all ! works ( 8 h&4 ,! tru?s he utt]s apply to ! :ole circle ( life & its duties1 yet are s famili> & s (t5 neglect$1 t he ne$s all 8 p[] to make !m t\* ! popul> he>t4 ,!re is no sci5ce t may n at times be made available = illu/rat+ or en=c+ ! ^w ( ,god4 ,! want ( ext5d$ k w be m sev]ely felt by an extempore prea*]1 ?an by "o :o reads or recites4 ,! latt] has "t = selection1 & may take ! p>ts ( a subject ) :i* he is famili> & pass ov] all o!rs4 ,b ! =m] w f9d ?is v dang]\s4 ,extemporiz+ %\ld be free & unfett]$4 ,! speak] mu/ be able to see 8 own way1 & make x cle> to 8 he>]s4 ,if he is always anxi\s to avoid dang]\s ob/ructions & /e] ar\nd !m1 he w lose t free fl[ ( ideas 9 :i* mu* ( ! beauty ( un/udi$ spee* consi/s4 ,let ! man1 !re=e1 :o looks to ! prea*]'s vocation1 lay ! f\ndation broad & deep 9 a complete education1 n only 9 t ( ! s*ools1 = ! k !y tea* is v defective1 b let him "k all ! facts t h+e on common life2 ! processes ( ! diff]5t pursuits & trades2 ! subjects t mo/ occupy ! human m9d2 ! arts & sci5ces 9 _! wide dep>tm5ts4 ,we h no hesitation 9 affirm+ t prea*+ ought to be m sci5tific ?an x (t5 is2 t is1 :5 ! prea*] deals ) ! ph5om5a ( nature1 he %\ld speak ( !m 9 _! true =m1 z reveal$ by sci5ce1 & n indulge 9 loose g5]alities or popul> mis/atem5ts4 ,if he ma/] ^! & all o!r bran*es ( k1 he w h at h& a fund ( illu/ration t w nev] gr[ old1 & in/ead ( be+ "u ! necessity ( turn+ ov] books ( s]mons1 & hunt+ out figures ( spee* t h done duty = g5]ations1 he w be suppli$ f nature's great volume ) ^? t are ev] fre% & new4 ,!y w be r$ol5t ( ! morn+ dew1 ! sp>kle ( sunlight1 ! life ( humanity1 r ?an ! mu/ ( books4 ,?is k con/itutes only ! r\gh mat]ial ( ?\ght4 ,x is ! du/ out ( :i* ! body is to be =m$1 & into :i* ! brea? ( life is to be brea!d4 ,! p[] ( ?9k+ comes f no accumulat$ intellectual /ores1 b spr+s f ! liv+ en]gy ( ! s\l )94 ,x is above all dead brute =ce1 & fills a _w ( its own4 ,b we w\ld lay ! f\ndation ( success 9 oratory by giv+ ! m9d food1 & provid+ = x a g5]al acqua9tance ) ! univ]se4 ,?is may be sup]ficial1 = x is n giv5 to man to be pr(\nd 9 ev]y?+1 b x w suffice to keep ! prea*] )9 ! b\nds ( tru?1 :51 = a "t1 he leaves 8 own prov9ce4 ,b )9 t prov9ce1 & on all topics he und]takes to discuss1 8 k %\ld n be sup]ficial4 ,he mu/ "h hold out no false light to lure mank9d1 b mu/ speak because he kn[s ! tru?1 & feels t o!rs ought to "k x4 ,he w !n speak--& 9 8 own dep>tm5t he has ! "r to speak--8n z ! ,scribes & ,ph>isees1 b z "o hav+ au?ority40 ,to ?is end ! prea*] mu/ /udy ! ,bible mo/ ?or\ghly4 ,x is ! book f :i* he obta9s 8 subjects1 & ! mo/ p[]ful argum5ts by :i* !y are en=c$4 ,he mu/ m$itate on x by day & night ) e>ne/1 lov+ zeal4 ,!re is n mu* pr(it 9 m]ely read+ x ?r\gh once or twice a ye>4 ,read x pray]fully4 ,/udy ! s5se4 ,/rive to make x a liv+ book4 ,realize ! sc5es x describes1 ! ev5ts x records1 & ! deep my/]ies x unfolds4 ,!re is no /udy t w increase oratorical p[] m rapidly ?an ! inve/igation ( ! ,holy ,scriptures4 ,!y are ! be/ models ( eloqu5ce1 ! exhau/less armory f :i* ! prea*] draws 8 weapons4 ,to be 8mighty 9 ! ,scriptures0 is "o ( ! highe/ recomm5dations he c h2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 ignorance ( ! book x w be 8 life labor to exp\nd1 is unp>donable1 & w expose him to m]it$ contempt4 ,_m books w be ne$$ 9 =m+ a critical1 liv+ compreh5sion ( ! ,bible4 ,! /ud5t %\ld become famili> ) ! pres5t aspect ( ,pale/9e & ! mann]s & cu/oms ( =m] ages4 ,judici\s comm5t>ies w help him to p5etrate ?r\gh ! cov]+ :i* ?\ghtlessness & famili>ity h wov5 ov] ! sacr$ page1 d[n to its vital mean+4 ,anci5t hi/ory & ,bible diction>ies w make pla9 _m obscure passages4 ,b above all1 ! ,holy ,_s ?r[s a flood ( light ov] ! :ole book1 & makes its d>k places %9e ) ! radiance ( tru?4 ,get ?is fir/1 9 a liv+ baptism1 & all else w be easy4 ,a k ( ,!ology is ess5tial4 ,x comes n ) ! same au?ority z ! ,^w1 = x is only man's int]pretation ( :at ,god has reveal$1 & no "o has a "r to b9d o!rs by ! rule ( 8 own weak judgm5t4 ,yet we _c despise assi/ance ev5 "h4 ,he w\ld be v fooli% :o w\ld insi/ on ignor+ ! light ( sci5ce & ! accumulat$ lore ( ages1 t he might discov] all tru? = himself4 ,life is s %ort & man's intellect s sl[1 t an individual /&+ alone w\ld nev] get beyond ! /ate ( a savage4 ,we c weigh ! evid5ce ( tru? 9 an h\r t has tak5 ye>s or ages to discov]4 ,!re is no way b to accept ! aid ( o!rs ev5 9 ! matt]s t relate to ,god & our own s\ls1 & use x to build up a complete sy/em ( k1 be+ c>eful n to surr5d] our indep5d5ce ( ?\ght1 nor d viol5ce to our consci5ce4 ,! k ( :at m5 h ?\ght & done 9 ! field ( revelation is indisp5sable4 ,)\t "s degree ( x no man is prep>$ = ! sacr$ (fice4 ,x ne$ n all be atta9$ be=e beg9n+ to prea*1 b %\ld be a con/ant aim4 ,! prea*] %\ld always be a dilig5t /ud5t4 ,he w nev] rea* ! end4 ,ev5 :5 8 head is :it5+ = ! grave he w f9d ! book ( ,god an unexhau/$ m9e1 & ! int]e/ ( newly-discov]$ tru? w imp>t su* *>m & vigor to 8 disc\rses t !y w nev] gr[ old4 ,!ology is a va/ sci5ce1 embrac+ all o!rs--an inf9ite field :]e man may ex]t all 8 p[]s1 & nev] cease = want ( new realms to explore4 ,! prea*] labors 9 ! field ( humanity1 & aims to bett] ! pres5t & future condition ( mank9d4 ,he ne$s to und]/& 8 gr\nd1 z well z ! in/rum5ts ( 8 labor4 ,x is ?r\gh him t div9e tru? rea*es ! he>ts ( ! multitude4 ,unless he c cause ! p to ?9k new ?\ghts1 & be rul$ by new motives1 wisdom & le>n+ & brilliancy are all 9 va94 ,a k ( ! he>t1 & ( ! be/ me?ods ( rea*+ x1 are ( fir/ importance4 ,no matt] if ! prea*] speaks a tru?2 unless t p>ticul> tru? has an adaptation to ! pres5t wants ( ^? :om he addresses1 x w be1 9 a great measure1 unfruitful4 ,! love ( ,god1 ! /ory ( ! ,cross1 ) _m o!r ?+s reveal$ 9 ! ,bible1 are suit$ to all ages & all m54 ,b ! consolations int5d$ = a "t ( sorr[ w\ld fall /rangely on ! e> ( a bridal p>ty4 ,exhortations to rep5tance w\ld be lo/ ^u a congregation ( s9c]e ,*ri/ians4 ,diff]5t %ades ( exp]i5ce ne$ to be met by appropriate in/ruction2 & ! m9i/] :o does n wat* all *ang+ circum/ances1 & c>efully adapt 8 words to !m1 w fail ( ! highe/ usefulness4 ,x may be object$ t1 9 l>ge assemblies1 ! pres5tation ( any tru? w b5efit "s p]son1 & t all _c be rea*$ at once4 ,?is is p>tly true2 b ! att5tive m9i/] w f9d curr5ts ( ?\ght mov+ 9 8 congregation f day to day1 & w be surpris$ to see h[ (t5 ! p are ?9k+ ab\t ! same objects4 ,at "o "t1 ! m9ds ( _m w be t+$ ) unbelief2 at ano!r1 spiritualism w h its vot>ies2 & aga91 g5u9e1 e>ne/ se>*+ = ! tru? w be app>5t4 ,he1 :o s ?or\ghly kn[s ! he>t t he c detect ! signs ( ^! *anges1 has ! advantage possess$ by a g5]al :o is acqua9t$ ) all ! plans ( 8 antagoni/4 ,a close obs]v] once said t a c]ta9 m9i/] w\ld nev] be a revivali/1 because he did n seem to und]/& ! movem5ts ( ! ,_s4 ,!re 0 tru? 9 8 judgm5t1 al?\gh ! defici5cy 0 r 9 und]/&+ human nature4 ,t prea*] :o c look ov] 8 congregation z he speaks1 & disc]n some?+ ( ! /ate ( _! he>ts1 c /rike directly to ! m>k1 :ile ! /r5g? ( ano!r might be wa/$4 ,a g5]al k ( ! motives by :i* m5 are gov]n$ w also be ( s]vice4 ,we mu/ employ prop] argum5ts :5 we seek to influ5ce our he>]s1 = tru? may be s pres5t$ z to repel r ?an attract4 ,we %\ld "k h[ to appeal to self-int]e/1 = mo/ foll[ :at !y believe to be its dictates4 ,we %\ld be able to excite _! love & sympa?y2 9 %ort1 we ought to asc]ta9 :at motive is p[]ful en\gh to move !m1 & employ x4 ,?is quick & accurate k ( ! he>t is especially valuable to ! man :o prea*es )\t notes4 ,look+ into ! eyes ( ! congregation1 he w see _! pass+ ?\ghts & emotions (t5 indicat$ ) great precision4 ,he w ?us "k :5 x is be/ to dwell on any p>ticul> argum5t1 & c press x home1 or leave x1 be=e ! audi5ce is we>i$4 ,he w1 all ! "t1 h ! advantage ( see+ 8 way di/9ctly1 in/ead ( /umbl+ along l a bl9d man :o is consci\s ( no ob/acle until br\ght into contact ) x4 ,to reap ?is pr(it1 he mu/ be able to read ! expressions & *anges t ! he>t ?r[s ov] ! c\nt5ance--visible signs ( its own /ate4 ,! prop] way to obta9 a practical k ( m5 is to m+le ) & /udy !m4 ,a prea*] has great opportunities = ?is4 ,he ne$ n fe> to l[] 8 dignity or impair 8 influ5ce by a free & easy int]c\rse ) all classes4 ,! p h acute p]ceptions1 & w give him cr$it = all t is good 9 him2 & he has no "r to dem& m4 ,inde$1 if he h n native goodness & intellig5ce en\gh to reta9 ! confid5ce ( 8 p 9 ! close/ social int]c\rse1 ! soon] he rel9qui%es 8 (fice ! bett] = all conc]n$4 ,x is no excuse to say t he _c sp>e "t f 8 /udies2 = no labor w m surely br+ a return ( add$ p[] & eloqu5ce ?an ! /udy ( 8 flock ar\nd _! own he>?s4 ,! be/ books are only transcripts ( ! human he>t1 & "h he c /udy ! orig9al 9 all its fre%ness4 ,b m]ely to m+le ) ! p w n fully cultivate ?is critical k ( "*1 unless x is made a p>ticul> /udy4 ,a good way ( do+ ?is is to write d[n our fir/ ?\ghts & impressions ( p]sons we come 9 contact )1 & te/ our correctness by subsequ5t exp]i5ce4 ,we ?us discov] ! s\rce ( our errors1 & avoid !m 9 future1 &1 at ! same "t1 =m a habit ( obs]vation :i*1 if cont9u$ = ye>s1 w increase ! acut5ess ( our p]ceptions until we are able to read m5 at ! fir/ glance4 ,b mo/ valuable ( all means = atta9+ ?is p[]1 is a ?or\gh1 practical acqua9tance ) ,phr5ology4 ,mu* ridicule has be5 ?r[n on ?is sci5ce by travel+ impo/]s1 :o h practic$ "*-read+1 toge!r ) wit*craft & =tune-tell+--j z a/ronomy & a/rology 7 once jo9$4 ,b su* associations are n m necess>y ?an t sometimes suppos$ to exi/ betwe5 geology & unbelief4 ,phr5ology is a bran* ( ! inductive sci5ces1 e/abli%$ & te/$ by obs]vation & exp]im5t4 ,its two c>d9al pr9ciples are3 ,fir/1 t ! bra9 is ! organ ( m9d2 second1 t diff]5t m5tal functions are p]=m$ by diff]5t p>ts ( ! bra94 ,! latt] is no m unreasonable ?an to suppose t ! diff]5t bodily actions1 walk+1 lift+1 eat+1 smell+1 etc41 are p]=m$ by diff]5t p>ts ( ! body4 ,! fir/ proposition is admitt$ by all2 & if ! second is all[$ to be reasonable1 x !n becomes easy to det]m9e :e!r ! correspond5ce ( faculty & organ 9 any case is suffici5tly prov$4 ,! poets1 ,:itti] & ,bryant1 ,horace ,greeley & ! em95t educator1 ,horace ,mann1 all pr(ess$ to d]ive great advantage f ! /udy4 ,h5ry ,w>d ,bee*]1 :o /&s among ! fir/ ( liv+ orators1 attributes all 8 p[] 89 mak+ s]mons fit0 to ! e>ly & con/ant /udy ( ,phr5ology4 ,x is an in/ructive fact1 t al?\gh ! diff]5t organs 7 discov]$ s+ly & at long int]vals1 yet :5 ! contributions ( _m labor]s h be5 br\ght toge!r1 ! result is a mo/ beautiful & p]fect m5tal philosophy--contra/+ ) ! w>r+ sy/ems ( metaphysics z ! cle> sunlight does ) cl\ds & night4 ,we give x z a delib]ate op9ion t x is bett] = ! prea*] to rema9 ignorant ( any "o ( ! natural sci5ces or le>n$ languages1 ?an to neglect t /udy :i* unfolds ! laws ( m9d & tea*es u to und]/& our fell[ m54 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,cultivation--,,imag9ation--,,language- -,,ge/ure--,,confid5ce4 ,! ability to convey our ?\ghts to o!rs may be v greatly increas$ by culture4 ,! va/e/ accumulations ( le>n+ w n be useful to ! _w unless !re is an available *annel by :i* !y may be transmitt$4 ,we w consid] a few ( ! elem5ts t make a man ready 9 communicat+ 8 ideas4 ,imag9ation is (t5 ?\ght to be unnecess>y to ! sacr$ orator2 b if he resign to ! poet & noveli/ t faculty t deals ) beauty 9 all its =ms1 ! lov]s ( beauty w be apt to des]t ! *ur*es & seek gratification :]e x c be f\nd4 ,imag9ation1 9 its legitimate sph]e1 is z necess>y z ! p[] ( reason+1 or ! s5tim5t ( devotion4 ,x deals ) tru? z well z fiction1 & gives to its possessor ! creative1 life-brea?+ _s ( poetry4 ,li/5 to ! description ( any piece ( natural sc5]y by a p]son ( imag9ation & ano!r de/itute ( x4 ,!y may describe ) equal tru?fulness1 & ev5 allude to ! same objects2 b "o w give a dry catalogue ( facts1 on :i* ! m9d _c fix )\t pa9ful ef=t1 :ile ! o!r gives a picture t fills u ) delight4 ,! same diff]5ce is app>5t 9 ! commone/ ?+s4 ,9 relat+ a /ory or en=c+ an argum5t1 ! man :o has ?is r>e & wond]ful p[] w make 8 words gl[ ) life1 & arre/ our att5tion4 ,x has be5 said ( ,h5ry ,w>d ,bee*]1 :o possesses s /rong an imag9ation1 t ! p w\ld li/5 ) wond] if he 7 only describ+ ! way a potato grew4 ,?is is lit]ally true4 ,he w\ld see 9 x a ?\s& beauties no "o else _h ?\ght (1 & pa9t ! picture ) a =ce & accuracy t w\ld comm& att5tion4 ,8 own conceptions are exce$+ly cle>1 & :ile 8 k is great1 8 imag9ation enables him to conc5trate ev]y?+ into a cle> & vivid description4 ,ev5 ! ,bible1 :i* is ! prea*]'s great example1 is pre-em95tly a book ( imag9ation4 ,n[h]e is !re l(ti] or m beautiful imag]y employ$1 or tru? wr\ght into m exquisite =ms4 ,a few %ort & simple words pa9t pictures t ! _w looks ^u ) a/oni%m5t f age to age4 ,! fir/ *apt]s ( ,g5esis conta9 z mu* poetry z ,p>adise ,lo/2 9 fact1 x is ! poetry ( ^! *apt]s int]pret$ by a mighty m9d t illum9ates ! mo/ sublime imag9ative poem 9 ! language ( man4 ,job & ,isaiah are )\t rivals 9 ! mighty imag9ation t 8bodies =? ! =ms ( ?+s unkn[n40 ,ev5 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 :i* we usually consid] z a pla9 n>rative1 sp>kles ) true poetry4 ,:]e w we f9d a m graceful ?\ght ?an t ( our ,savi\r's3 8,consid] ! lilies ( ! field1 h[ !y gr[2 !y toil n1 nei!r d !y sp92 yet ,i say unto y1 t ,solomon 9 all 8 glory 0 n array$ l "o ( ^!40 ,! ,book ( ,revelation is full ( glori\s & awful figures address$ to ! imag9ation4 ,) su* sanctions1 ! prea*] ne$ n fe> to employ all ( ?is faculty t ,god has giv5 him4 ,_m ( 8 subjects are 9 ! remote pa/1 & c only be br\ght ne> en\gh to ! p to awak5 _! int]e/ by "o :o c view !m z pres5t4 ,!re is no possibility ( novelty 9 our !mes4 ,times are alt]$ s9ce ,paul 0 accus$ z a sett]-=? ( /range doctr9es4 ,m5 h li/5$ to ! same /ories all _! lives4 ,yet if ! prea*] c make ! sublime sc5es ( ! ,bible live 9 8 own m9d1 he c describe !m ) ! vivacity ( an eye-witness4 ,all h notic$ ! int]e/ excit$ 9 ! mid/ ( a dry s]mon by a simple /ory4 ,! reason is1 t ! prea*] 01 at fir/1 deal+ ) ab/ractions--m]e words1 & no?+ m--b :5 he came to ! /ory 8 he>t & imag9ation took hold on x4 ,! same int]e/ may be excit$ 9 any "p ( a s]mon if ! speak] c b ?r[ 8 own s\l into x1 & see :at he describes4 ,! acc\nt ( ! /orm+ ( ,look\t ,m\nta91 z giv5 by ,bi%op ,simpson1 0 a f9e illu/ration ( ?is4 ,! incid5t is p]fectly famili>1 & 9 describ+ x he us$ simple words1 )\t ! false brilliancy t sometimes passes = eloqu5ce4 ,!re 0 no p>ticul> *>m 9 8 mann]1 b 8 imag9ation grasp$ ! magnific5t a*ievem5t1 & x /ood out 9 all its fullness be=e ! eyes ( ! audi5ce4 ,!y saw ! old flag disappe> 9 ! cl\d1 & ! long l9es ( blue w9d up ! m\nta9 until !y 7 hidd5 9 ! same obscurity2 he>d ! ?und] t man's artill]y made boom out ( ! bosom ( ! cl\d2 !n saw ! flag em]ge f ! mi/ & he>d ! *e] ( victory r++ d[n f ! sky4 ,! effect ^u ! audi5ce 0 ov]:elm+1 & irrepressible te>s /ream$ f ! eyes ( all4 ,su* glory may be ?r[n ar\nd ! tea*+ ( ! ,bible1 & e ^w be true2 & ! audi5ce w enjoy x m ?an if !y 7 actually c>ri$ back to ! old5 "t & witness$ its wondr\s sc5es ) _! own eyes2 = !y w h--:at s _m feel ! want ( :5 gaz+ on memorable sc5es--"s "o to int]pret _! feel+s & give !m liv+ sympa?y4 ,:ile illu/rations & comp>isons fl[ pr9cipally f ! reason+ faculties1 !y d]ive _! beauty f imag9ation4 ,)\t its influ5ce !y may expla9 & simplify1 b h no p[] to int]e/ ! he>] or elevate ! t5or ( ! disc\rse4 ,bee*] excels 9 ?is z 9 s _m o!r ?+s1 & :ile 8 similes may take hold ( ! mo/ common ?+s1 !y are always highly imag9ative & appropriate4 ,h[ may imag9ation be cultivat$8 ,x is said t 8poets are born1 n made20 b ! f\ndation ( e o!r faculty is 9 nature1 :ile all are useless unless improv$ & appli$4 ,x1 too1 w increase 9 p[] by use4 ,imag9ation is ! faculty t =ms complete images f ! deta*$ mat]ials furni%$ by ! s5ses4 ,x takes f all s\rces1 & mixes & m+les until a p]fect picture is =m$4 ,n[1 ! prop] way ( cultivat+ x is by =m+ j su* pictures4 ,let ! prea*] ?r[ on ! canvas ( ! m9d e "p ( 8 s]mon t is capable ( s5sible repres5tation4 ,x is n en\gh to h all ! facts1 b he mu/ ca/ !m into ! v %ape he wi%es !m to take4 ,a great "p ( e s]mon may ?us be made pictorial1 & be f> m easily rememb]$1 & m effectively deliv]$4 ,ev5 9 doctr9al s]mons1 use may be made ( ?is pr9ciple1 by =m+ cle> m5tal images ( ! illu/rations1 :i* are mo/ly f mat]ial objects4 ,:5 ,h5ry ,bascom 0 ask$ h[ he succe$$ 9 prea*+ s well1 he said t x 0 by pa9t+ ev]y?+ vividly 9 8 m9d1 & !n speak+ ( x z he saw x be=e him4 ,he 0 a man ( unb\nd$ imag9ation1 & p]haps all[$ x too mu* influ5ce 9 8 disc\rses2 b 8 example is mo/ in/ructive to t l>ge numb] :o h n en\gh to prev5t _! s]mons f be+ dim & dry4 ,b ! prea*] mu/ use ?is faculty ) great c>e1 = x is an edg$ tool4 ,he deals 9 sacr$ ?+s1 & :ile he may approa* ! burn+ bu% :]e ! ,"l is1 he mu/ g ) nak$ feet & s(te/ tread4 ,above all1 tru? & propriety may nev] be violat$4 ,t imag9ative prea*] :o pictur$ to 8 he>]s ! bu/le ( a railway /ation1 ! ru% ( ! tra91 ! cr[d+ ( fri5ds ar\nd to welcome ! pass5g]s1 & conspicu\s among !m1 ! gray-hair$ fa!r ( ! prodigal son1 hurry+ ) tott]+ /eps to ! edge ( ! plat=m1 & !re grasp+ ! return+ p5it5t by ! h&1 may h produc$ a vivid picture1 b 8 s]mon sc>cely t5d$ to edification6 ,?is faculty may also be cultivat$ by read+ & pond]+ ! works ( ^? :o h x 9 a high degree ( p]fection4 ,! "t devot$ to ! /udy ( ! great poets is n lo/4 ,!y give ri*ness & tone to ! speak]'s m9d1 introduce him into sc5es ( ideal beauty1 & furni% him ) _m a /rik+ ?\ght & gl[+ image to be wov5 into 8 future disc\rses4 ,_m ( ! sci5ces give z full scope to imag9ation 9 its be/ work+s z ! fields ( poesy4 ,a/ronomy & geology /& pre-em95t 9 ?is p>ticul>4 ,ev]y?+ ab\t !m is great4 ,!y deal ) imm5se p]iods ( "t1 immeasurable magnitudes & sublime/ hi/ories4 ,hugh ,mill]'s 8,vision ( ,creation0 is z replete ) imag9ation z a play ( ,%akespe>e1 & 8 o!r works sp>kle ) ! same radiant _s4 ,ea* sci5ce requires ! =mation ( m5tal images1 & ?us approa*es ! doma9 ( poetry4 ,! dryness ( ma!matical & sci5tific /udy is a pure my?4 ,a philosoph] once said t poetry & ! high] bran*es ( sci5ce dep5d$ on ! same p[]s ( m9d4 ,he 0 "r4 ,! poet is a creator :o =ms new worlds ( 8 own1 & 8gives to airy no?+ a local habitation & a "n40 ,he pictures ! idea t arises 9 8 bra9 9 all ! vividness ( outw>d =m4 ,! man ( sci5ce is requir$ to d ! same ?+1 ) ! advantage1 p]haps1 ( a few scatt]$ h9ts4 ,! geologi/ may h a few brok5 bones1 a )]$ leaf1 & "s fragm5ts ( rock1 f :i* to br+ be=e him ! true 8=e/ primeval10 ?r\gh :i* roam$ gigantic animals1 & dragons m unsightly ?an ev] figur$ 9 ,grecian my?ology4 ,! a/ronom] has ! half doz5 ph5om5a he c obs]ve ) 8 telescope f :i* to conceive ! physical appe>ance ( di/ant worlds4 ,9 e sci5ce ! same ne$ = imag9ation 9 its high1 tru?ful function exi/s1 & ! same opportunity is af=d$ = its cultivation4 ,an em95t elocutioni/ once advis$ 8 class to employ all pauses 9 m5tally pa9t+ ! idea convey$ 9 ! com+ s5t5ce4 ,by ?is means1 he said1 ! expression ( ! voice w\ld be made deep] & tru]4 ,if ?is is s important 9 recit+ ! words ( o!rs1 h[ mu* m %\ld we obs]ve x :5 improvis+ s5t5ces z well z modulations4 ,our conceptions may rema9 vague & intangible :ile )9 ! m9d1 b !y c only rea* o!rs by tak+ ! def9ite =m ( language4 ,x by no means foll[s t a man :o has important ideas & deep emotions1 w be able to communicate !m2 b if he h a mod]ate end[m5t ( language x may be s cultivat$ z to answ] all 8 requirem5ts4 ,we h no d\bt t dilig5t & long-cont9u$ practice 9 ! me?ods indicat$ bel[ w enable ! va/ majority ( m5 to express _! ?\ghts ) cle>ness & flu5cy4 ,!re are c]ta9 laws 9 e language1 made b9d+ by cu/om1 :i* _c be transgress$ )\t expos+ ! transgressor to ridicule4 ,^! con/itute gramm>1 & mu/ be ?or\ghly le>n$4 ,if a man has be5 "u ! influ5ce ( good models 9 spee* f *ildhood1 correctness w be a matt] almo/ ( in/9ct2 b ! rev]se ( ?is is usually ! case4 ,at ! pres5t day1 !re is little difficulty 9 le>n+ to write 9 accordance ) ! rules ( composition2 & :5 ! p[] has be5 atta9$1 we h a /&>d by :i* to judge our spok5 words4 ,b x is n en\gh = ! extempore speak] to be able1 by long ef=t1 to r$uce 8 s5t5ces to correctness4 ,t %\ld be ! fir/ & spontane\s =m 9 :i* !y pres5t !mselves4 ,he has no "t to ?9k ( "r or wrong con/ructions1 & ! only safe way is to make ! "r s habitual t ! wrong w n once be ?\ght (4 ,9 o!r words1 we mu/ n only be able to express ourselves correctly by tongue & p51 b ! v curr5t ( ?\ght :i* is fl[+ ceaselessly ?r\gh our bra91 & :i* is usually clo!d 9 unspok5 words1 mu/ be 9 accordance ) ! laws ( language4 ,:5 we h atta9$ ! p[] ( precise & accurate ?9k+1 we w h no difficulty 9 avoid+ ! ridicul\s blund]s sometimes suppos$ to be insep>able f extemporane\s spee*4 ,correct pronunciation is also ( great importance4 ,usage has ! same au?ority "h z 9 ! collocation ( words1 & has assign$ to ea* "o its prop] s\nd1 :i* no speak] c mi/ake )\t be+ expos$ to misconception & damag+ criticism4 ,a defici5t k ( pronunciation is apt to produce ano!r & extremely hurtful effect4 ,! m5tal ef=t necess>y to det]m9e betwe5 two diff]5t s\nds t may be sugge/$1 is liable to div]t ! m9d f ! subject x is engag$ ^u1 & ?us occasion emb>rassm5t & hesitation4 ,t accuracy 9 ! use ( words1 :i* is ! *>m ( spok5 no less ?an writt5 composition1 may also be impair$2 = if two or m t]ms = "o object fla% into ! speak]'s m9d1 only "o ( :i* he is confid5t ( 8 ability to pron\nce1 he w be /rongly tempt$ to use t "o1 ev5 if x be ! lea/ suitable4 ,he ought to "k h[ to pron\nce all common words1 & be s famili> ) ! "r s\nd & acc5t1 t no o!r w ev] ent] 8 m9d4 ,!n he w be able to select ! t]ms t convey 8 mean+ mo/ cle>ly & /rongly4 ,"o blund] 9 pronunciation %\ld be p>ticul>ly %unn$ by e p]son ( good ta/e4 ,?is is ! omission ( ! s\nd ( 8r0 9 places :]e x rightly belongs4 ,x is /range t ?is %ameful p]v]sion ( language %\ld be popul> 9 c]ta9 circles4 ,x is s easily obs]v$ & correct$ t ! poor excuse ( ignorance is sc>cely admissible1 & 9 g5]al x c be attribut$ only to silly affectation4 ,?is s\nd is z musical z mo/ o!rs1 & ! attempt to improve ! melody ( our spee* by its omission is on a p> ) ! ef=ts ( our great-gr&mo!rs to improve _! beauty by affix+ pat*es to _! *eeks & noses4 ,flu5cy & accuracy 9 ! use ( words are two qualities t h (t5 be5 conf\nd$1 b are really di/9ct4 ,!y are ( equal importance to ! speak]1 :ile ! writ] has mo/ ne$ ( ! latt]4 ,all words h sep>ate & well-def9$ mean+s4 ,!y are n ! product ( a day1 b h be5 build+ up ?r\gh long ages4 ,by /range turns1 & ) _m a curi\s hi/ory1 h !y glid$ into ! significations !y n[ be>2 b ea* "o has become imb$d$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! p z ! repres5tative ( a c]ta9 idea4 ,no two words are precisely alike4 ,!y are delicate pa9ts t1 to ! untutor$ eye1 may seem ( "o color1 b ea* ( :i* has its own place 9 ! picture creat$ by ! h& ( g5ius1 t c be suppli$ by no o!r4 ,_m ways h be5 sugge/$ to le>n ^! f9e %ades ( mean+4 ,x is (t5 suppos$ t ! /udy ( ! s-call$ le>n$ languages--,lat9 & ,greek--is ! be/ & almo/ only me?od4 ,?is w c]ta9ly give a l>ge am\nt ( in=mation conc]n+ ! orig9 & =mation ( words2 b x _c fix _! signification at ! pres5t day1 = radical *anges ( mean+ (t5 take place4 ,a l+ui/ c use 8 k to great advantage2 b ! man :o kn[s no language b 8 own ne$ n consid] himself z deb>r$ f ! v highe/ place z a ma/] ( words4 ,he c obta9 ! same k 9 a m cond5s$ & accessible =m by ! /udy ( a good etymological diction>y4 ,9 g5]al read+1 let him m>k e ^w he does n p]fectly und]/&1 & ref]r+ to ! diction>y1 f9d :at x came f1 ! mean+ ( its roots1 & its v>i$ significations at ! pres5t day4 ,?is w make ! ^w s famili>1 t1 :5 he meets x aga91 x w seem l an old acqua9tance1 & he w notice if ! au?or uses x correctly4 ,he may n be able ?us to /udy e ^w 9 ! language1 b w be l$ to ?9k ( ! mean+ ( ea* "o he sees2 & f ?is sil5t practice w le>n ! beauty & p[] ( ! ,engli% tongue z p]fectly z if he 7 ma/] ( ! languages ( ,greece & ,rome4 ,if ?is habit is long-cont9u$1 x w tea* him to use words truly 9 8 v ?\ghts1 & !n he _c mi/ake ev5 9 ! hurry ( spee*4 ,translat+ f any language1 anci5t or mod]n1 w h j ! same t5d5cy to tea* accurate expression z c>eful orig9al composition4 ,9 ei!r case1 improvem5t comes f ! se>* = words t w exactly convey c]ta9 ideas1 & x matt]s n :at ! s\rce ( ^! latt] may be4 ,! use ( a good manual ( synonyms--a !saurus1 or /oreh\se ( words--may be ( s]vice1 by %[+ all t]ms t relate to any object 9 "o view1 & all[+ u to *oose ! mo/ suitable4 ,b none ( ^! me?ods w v greatly increase our flu5cy4 ,!re is a diff]5ce betwe5 m]ely kn[+ a t]m & t easy use long practice alone c give4 ,elihu ,burritt1 ) 8 fifty languages1 has (t5 be5 surpass$ 9 flu5cy1 =ce & v>iety ( expression by an unlett]$ ru/ic1 because ! few words ! latt] knew 7 always ready4 ,?is read9ess w always increase by use4 ,! blacksmi?'s arm1 h>d5+ by ! ex]tion x puts =?1 is a trite illu/ration ( ! effect ( ex]cise2 & ! man :o is always apply+ to ideas & ?+s ! v]bal signs by :i* !y are kn[n1 w increase ! facility ) :i* he c call !m to m9d4 ,if he does n employ !m prop]ly1 8 mann] w n improve1 & ) all 8 flu5cy he w speak incorrectly4 ,b if he speak 9 accordance ) e/abli%$ usage1 8 ability w daily increase4 ,conv]sation is an excell5t means = ?is k9d ( cultivation4 ,we d n mean a runn+ fire ( "q & answ]1 glanc+ s rapidly back & =? z to give no "t = prem$itat+ or expla9+ any?+1 b real1 rational talk--an ex*ange ( ideas1 s cle>ly express$ z to make !m intelligible4 ,! man :o deals mu* 9 ?is k9d ( conv]sation c sc>cely fail to become a ma/] ( ! art ( communicat+ 8 ?\ghts 9 appropriate language4 ,talk1 express y\r ideas :5 y c ) propriety1 or :5 y h an idea to express4 ,d x 9 ! be/ way possible4 ,if h>d at fir/1 x w become easi]1 & ?us y w le>n eloqu5ce 9 ! be/ & mo/ pleas+ s*ool4 ,= ! common conv]sational /yle--t 9 :i* man deals ) 8 fell[man--is ! g]m ( true oratory4 ,x may be amplifi$ & sy/ematiz$2 b talk+ be>s to eloqu5ce ! same relation ! soil does to ! tree t spr+s f its bosom4 ,b ! be/ ?\ghts ( m5 are seldom f\nd float+ on ! sea ( common talk4 ,if we wi% to dr9k ! deepe/ inspiration1 our m9ds mu/ come (t5 9 lov+ contact ) ! words ( ! great & mighty ( e age4 ,!re we w f9d 8?\ght knit close to ?\ght20 &1 :at is m to ! pres5t purpose1 words1 9 _! be/ acceptance1 s appli$ z to brea! & live4 ,we c read ^! passages until _! _s s9ks into our he>ts1 & _! melody r+s 9 our e>s l a song ( bliss4 ,if we commit !m to memory1 x w be a pr(itable employm5t4 ,! words ( :i* !y are compos$1 ) ! mean+s !y be> 9 _! sev]al places1 w ?us be fix$ 9 our m9ds1 & ready to drop on our tongues :5 !y are ne$$4 ,?is conn+ ( passages is n recomm5d$ = ! purpose ( quotation1 ?\gh !y may (t5 be ?us us$ to good advantage2 b to pr9t ! individual words ( :i* !y are compos$ m deeply on ! memory4 ,?is may be effect$ also by committ+ selections f our own compositions4 ,:at is ?us us$ %\ld be poli%$1 & yet pres]ve1 z f> z possible1 ! natural =m ( expression4 ,:5 ?is is done to a mod]ate ext5t1 x has a t5d5cy to elevate ! "* ( our extemporane\s ef=ts by erect+ a /&>d t is our own1 & !re=e suit$ to our ta/es & capacities1 at ! v highe/ po9t we c rea*4 ,b if ?is is made habitual1 x w int]f]e ) ! p[] ( spontane\s production1 & ?us contribute to de/roy ! faculty x 0 design$ to cultivate4 ,m9i/]s :o write & commit all _! s]mons1 are accu/om$ to read f a m5tal copy ( _! manuscript2 & ! =ce ( habit b9ds !m m & m closely to x until !y _c speak o!rwise4 ,:5 su* p]sons are unexpect$ly call$ ^u to make a spee*1 !y d x1 n 9 ! simple1 easy language t becomes su* an occasion1 b by ?r[+ toge!r bits ( previ\sly-committ$ addresses4 ,!y h made :at might be an ag5t ( improvem5t1 ! means ( s /]eotyp+ _! m9ds t !y c only move 9 "o *annel unless "t is giv5 !m to dig out ano!r4 ,!re is no means ( cultivat+ language t surpasses extempore spee* itself4 ,! only difficulty is to f9d occasion to speak (t5 en\gh4 ,! pione] ,me?odi/ it9]ants1 :o _h to prea* e day 9 ! week1 enjoy$ ?is mode ( cultivation to its full ext5t2 & :atev] may be ?\ght ( _! o!r m]its1 _! flu5cy ( spee* is beyond "q4 ,b long int]vals ( prep>ation br+ c\nt]balanc+ advantages at ! pres5t "t4 ,let ^! be improv$ 9 ! way indicat$ h]eaft]1 & ! prea*] w come to ! sacr$ desk ) a p[] increas$ by ea* ef=t4 ,:5 a ?\ght is cle>ly und]/ood1 x w fall into words z naturally z a summ] cl\d1 riv5 by lightn+1 dissolves into ra94 ,s easy is x to express an idea1 or s]ies ( ideas1 t h be5 completely ma/]$1 t a successful m9i/] once said3 8,x is a prea*]'s own fault if he ev] fails 9 a s]mon4 ,let him prep>e z he ought1 & !re is no dang]40 ,! ass]tion 0 too sweep+1 = !re are sometimes ext]nal causes t w prev5t full success4 ,yet !re is no d\bt t ! cont9uance ( ?is ?or\gh prep>ation1 9 connection ) frequ5t speak+1 w give v great ease ( expression4 8,! bl9d1 b eloqu5t0 ,milburn1 says1 t he gave f\r ye>s ( 8 life--! "t sp5t z *apla9 at ,wa%+ton--to acquire ! p[] ( speak+ correctly & easily )\t ! previ\s use ( ! p51 & consid]$ ! "t exce$+ly well sp5t4 ,8 mann] is t mo/ difficult to acquire--! diffuse1 sp>kl+1 rhetorical /yle s mu* priz$ by ^? :o pref] fl[] to fruit4 ,an e>ne/1 n]v\s1 & yet elegant /yle c be acquir$ by mo/ p]sons 9 mu* less "t4 ,!re is ano!r ?\ght t ^? :o compla9 ( defici5t language w\ld d well to pond]4 ,no "o c use words well on any subject ( :i* he is ignorant4 ,! mo/ flu5t man1 :o kn[s no?+ ( a/ronomy1 w\ld f9d himself at great loss = words if he attempt$ to expla9 ! ph5om5a ( ! heav5ly bodies4 ,ev5 if he 7 %[n an orr]y1 & ?us l$ to compreh5d _! motions1 he w\ld /ill be ignorant ( ! prop] t]ms by :i* su* k is convey$4 ,if he attempt$ to expla9 :at he und]/ood s imp]fectly1 he w\ld be apt to hesitate1 & f9ally use words & names incorrectly4 ,z our ideas become cle> & def9$1 !re is an int5se hung]+ = ! t]ms by :i* !y are express$2 & ?is hung] w lead to its own supply4 ,let u increase our flu5cy by ext5d+ ! b\nds ( our k2 b ask ( language no?+ m ?an belongs to its true function--to furni% means ( expression = ! ideas we already possess4 ,! voice1 assi/$ by ge/ure1 =ms ! imm$iate l9k betwe5 ! speak] & 8 audi5ce4 ,its qualities are ( great importance1 al?\gh1 9 "s qu>t]s1 ov]-e/imat$4 ,a good voice1 well manag$1 gives p[]ful & vivid expression to ?\ght1 b _c answ] z a sub/itute = x4 ,nei!r is x indisp5sable4 ,we h kn[n _m & great in/ances ( success aga9/ mu* vocal disadvantage2 b ?is only proves t its abs5ce may be comp5sat$ by o!r excell5cies4 ,we c nev] be indiff]5t to ! *>m ( a well-modulat$ voice1 b5d+ to e emotion1 & responsive to ! f9e/ %ades ( feel+4 ,x makes ord9>y talk s smoo? & pleasant z to be g5]ally acceptable1 b c nev] raise x to greatness4 ,! in/ances t are giv5 to prove ?is1 d n seem capable ( be>+ su* an int]pretation4 ,:itefield is sometimes spok5 ( z an in/ance ( :at c be accompli%$ by ma/]ly elocution2 b he 0 a man ( f]v5t1 if n pr(\nd ?\ght4 ,8 emotion 0 ov]p[]+1 & 8 voice1 ) all its melody1 0 only an in/rum5t = its expression4 ,let a bad or indiff]5t man h ,:itefield's voice & mann] 9 complet5ess1 & he w\ld be b a disgu/+ declaim]4 ,x is s\l t mu/ speak ?r\gh ! voice to o!r s\ls1 & only ?us c ! mighty effects ( eloqu5ce be produc$4 ,we d n ?9k !re is mu* virtue 9 ! m]ely me*anical tra9+ ( ! voice4 ,to tea* ! pupil j :at note on ! scale he mu/ /rike to express a p>ticul> emotion1 h[ mu* ( an inflection mu/ be us$ to indicate sudd5 joy or sorr[1 & h[ _m notes d[n ! scale m>k a complete susp5sion ( s5se1 is absurd4 ,spee* c nev] be set to music4 ,b f ?is let x n be inf]r$ t ! cultivation ( ! voice is useless4 ,x is ! in/rum5t = ! expression ( ?\ght1 & ! m p]fect x c be made ! bett] x is fitt$ = its high (fice4 ,x w\ld be well = ! prea*] to sp5d "s "t e day = ye>s 9 vocal tra9+1 = !re is no?+ m susceptible ( improvem5t ?an ! voice4 ,! passion excit$ dur+ animat$ spee* w dem& almo/ e note & key )9 its compass1 & unless x has be5 previ\sly tra9$ on ^!1 x may fail4 ,to prep>e 9 ?is way by explor+ ! range ( ! voice1 & te/+ all its capabilities1 has 9 x no?+ me*anical or slavi%4 ,x is only l putt+ a musical in/rum5t 9 tune be=e beg9n+ to play4 ,no?+ contributes s mu* to give ability to manage ! voice z ! sep>ation ( words into ! simple elem5ts ( s\nd1 & cont9u$ practice 9 ! enunciation ( ^!4 ,!y c be be/ le>n$ f ! %ort-h& sy/em ( ta*ygraphy or phonography1 or f ! phonetic pr9t4 ,9 ^! we f9d s\nd resolv$ into its elem5ts1 :i* are b few 9 numb]1 & on :i* we c practice until e difficulty 9 enunciation is ov]come4 ,if !re is a fault 9 our articulation1 we w f9d j :]e x is1 & c br+ all our practice directly to its rem$y4 ,:5 we are able to give cle>ly ea* "o ( ! sep>ate s\nds ( ! language--n _m ov] =ty 9 numb]--we c easily foll[ !m into all _! comb9ations1 & are ?us ma/] ( ! fir/ great excell5cy 9 speak+--good articulation4 ,nor is ?is all4 ,we c !n practice on ! same elem5ts1 at diff]5t degrees ( elevation on ! musical scale1 until we c /rike e "o 9 full r\nd di/9ctness at ea* po9t1 f ! %rille/ note us$ 9 spee* to ! deepe/ bass4 ,!n ! :ole field ( oratory is op5 be=e u4 ,b !re is /ill ano!r advantage3 if our /r5g? ( voice be n s great z we w\ld wi%1 we c take ! same s\nds1 & by practic+ ^u !m ) a gradually-increas+ ef=t1 atta9 all ! =ce our organs are capable (1 & ev5 increase _! p[] to a degree t w\ld be incr$ible1 7 x n s (t5 prov$ by actual exp]im5t4 ,:5 engag$ 9 ^! practices1 we w notice a di/9ction betwe5 ! v[el s\nds--t :ile "s ( !m may be prolong$ indef9itely1 o!rs are made at a s+le impulse4 ,foll[+ out ^! ideas1 we w increase ! rapidity ( ! second until !y c be /ruck ) all ! sudd5ness ( ! report ( a pi/ol1 & "o aft] ano!r s rapidly t ! e> c sc>cely cat* ! di/9ction betwe5 !m4 ,?is w enable u to avoid drawl+1 & help u to speak ) rapidity :5 we desire x1 )\t fall+ into indi/9ctness4 ,we next le>n to prolong ! o!r v[els1 & ?us to make !m c>ry ! s\nds ( words to ! greate/ di/ance4 ,! full1 delib]ate enunciation ( a ^w is audible mu* fur!r ?an ! mo/ viol5t %\t4 ,! pass5g] call+ to ! f]ryman across ! riv] does n say ,,ov] 9 "o s+le viol5t impulse1 or1 if he does1 he is n he>d1 b o-o-v]2 & ev5 if 8 tone is g5tle1 ! hills r+ aga91 & ! f]ryman is ar\s$4 ,let ?is pr9ciple be br\ght into use 9 public speak+1 & soon no hall w be too l>ge = ! compass ( ! voice4 ,! diff]5t ext5sions ( s\nds1 z well z _! pit* on ! musical scale1 & v>iations ( =ce 9 enunciation1 con/itute ! p]spective ( ! art ( oratory1 & give x an agreeable v>iety1 l ! m+l+ ( light & %ade 9 a well-execut$ picture4 ,a dull1 dead uni=mity1 9 :i* ea* ^w is utt]$ on ! same key1 ) ! same degree ( =ce1 & ea* s\nd enunciat$ ) ! same rapidity1 w\ld be utt]ly unbe>able2 :ile a p]petual v>iety1 reflect+ 9 ea* rise & fall1 ea* /orm & calm ( s\nd1 ! liv+ ?\ght )91 is ! p]fection t[>d :i* we mu/ /rive4 ,little c be done 9 tra9+ ! voice beyond ^! elem5t>y ex]cises4 ,! expression 9 ! mom5t ( spee* may safely be left to ! impulse ( nature4 ,supply ! capability by previ\s discipl9e1 !n leave passion to clo! itself 9 ! mo/ natural =ms4 ,we believe !re is su* a connection betwe5 ! emotions ( ! m9d & ! diff]5t tones ( voice1 t emphasis1 inflection & intonation ne$ n be taught4 ,!y w well up f ! he>t itself4 ,read+ may require m tea*+1 = its v nature is artificial2 & x behoves ^? :o read _! s]mons to /udy h>d to supply ! want ( emotion & naturalness by ! res\rces ( elocution4 ,b ! only effect ( rules ^u ! speak]1 s f> z he he$s !m at all1 is to make him a cold & lifeless ma*9e4 ,! *ild t is burnt ne$s no in/ruction to f9d ! "r tone to express its pa91 s t e "o :o he>s x kn[s t x is suff]+4 ,x /rikes ! key-note ( joy & e o!r emotion ) equal c]ta9ty4 ,let nature b h h] way1 untrammel$ by art1 & e feel+ t arises w mold ! voice to its w1 & e he>t w recognize & respond to ! s\nd4 ,we may 9 ?is way miss ! s-call$ 8brilliancy0 ( !atric clap-trap1 b our voices w h t 8t\* ( nature t makes ! :ole _w k940 ,some?+ may be done by obs]v+ ! _w closely & ?us becom+ m deeply p]meat$ by t atmosph]e ( sympa?y & passion t wraps all m5 into "o family1 & =ms a m$ium ( communication deep] & m wide-spread ?an any language ( e>?4 ,x is also pr(itable to li/5 to ! great orators :o h ma/]$ ! my/]ies ( spee*1 n = ! purpose ( imitat+ !m1 b t we may appreciate bett] :at true excell5ce is4 ,yet x is hurtful to conf9e our att5tion too long to "o model1 = excell5ce is _m-sid$1 & if we view only "o ( its phases1 we are apt to fall into slavi% imitation--! greate/ ( all vices4 ,we avoid ?is by look+ ^u _m examples1 & mak+ use ( !m only to elevate our own ideal4 ,!n1 )\t a consci\s ef=t to reproduce any?+ we h he>d1 we w be urg$ to great] ex]tions1 & ! :ole level ( our atta9m5ts rais$4 ,!re are abundant faults to m> ! fre$om ( nature2 & ! speak] :o w\ld be truly natural mu/ wat* vigilantly = !m1 &1 :5 f\nd1 ext]m9ate !m )\t m]cy4 ,! s+-song tone1 ! scream1 ! lisp1 ! guttural & tremul\s tones1 mu/ be we$$ out z !y come to ! surface2 & if ! prea*]'s own egotism is too great to see !m1 or 8 ta/e n pure en\gh1 "s fri5d ought to po9t !m out = him4 ,at ! b>1 or 9 political life1 ! ke5 %aft ( ridicule de/roys su* ?+s 9 ^? :o are n incorrigible2 b 9 ! pulpit !y are too (t5 suff]$ to run riot because ! sacr$ nature ( its !mes prohibits ridicule1 & causes e "o to endure 9 sil5ce4 ,b !re is "o fault t ov]-tops all o!rs1 & con/itutes a cry+ s9 & an abom9ation be=e ! ,"l4 ,w\ld t e he>] :o suff]s by x _h ! c\rage to g to 8 m9i/] & tell him ( ! torture he inflicts4 ,he c\ld n long endure su* an ov]:elm+ fire br\ght to be> on him4 ,x is :at is sometimes designat$ z ! 8solemn or holy tone40 ,x prevails to an al>m+ ext5t4 ,m5 :o1 out ( ! pulpit1 are v>i$ & lively 9 _! conv]sation1 no soon] ent] x ?an x seems z if "s evil _s _h tak5 possession ( !m & en?ron$ itself 9 _! voice1 :i* at once s9ks into a measur$1 or r measureless drawl1 ) ea* ^w slop+ d[n a precipice ( fall+ inflections4 ,x conceals ideas z p]fectly z ev] ,talleyr& did2 = surely no idea1 ev5 ( liv+ light1 c\ld p5etrate ?r\gh su* a veil4 ,m5 :o ?us neutralize _! tal5ts & contribute to r5d] religion di/a/eful1 w surely h to answ] = x at ! great day ( acc\nt4 ,let our /yle 9 ! pulpit be simple1 e>ne/ & manly4 ,let ea* emotion clo! itself 9 its own language & tones1 & !n we w be above all rules1 & all c5sure too1 = we w be "u ! infallible guidance ( nature & ! ,_s ( ,god4 ,%\ld we use a conv]sational tone 9 speak+8 ,?is "q has (t5 be5 discuss$1 & al?\gh !re is a great diff]5ce ( op9ion1 yet x seems to admit ( satisfactory answ]4 ,! language ( conv]sation is ! language ( nature1 & !re=e x %\ld be ! basis ( spee*4 ,! same intonations t are us$ 9 x %\ld be employ$ 9 e bran* ( oratory4 ,b ! mann] ( conv]sation is n always ! same4 ,! man :o talks ) a fri5d across a riv] w\ld n use ! same tones z if he held t fri5d by ! h&4 ,& if a man is speak+ to a numb] at once1 ! v ne$ ( be+ he>d w cause him to speak some:at l\d] ?an 9 address+ a s+le p]son4 ,) ?is exception1 x might be safely laid d[n z a rule t a spee* %\ld be comm5c$ 9 ! same mann] z we w\ld speak to an individual4 ,b %\ld x be cont9u$ 9 t way8 ,! orotund tone is calculat$ to make a deep] impression ?an a high] key1 or a less degree ( =ce4 ,b !re ne$ be no solicitude ab\t its employm5t4 ,beg9 z a man :o is talk+ to 8 fri5ds ^u an int]e/+ subject w\ld d1 & !n1 z ! int]e/ deep5s1 ?r[ away all re/ra9t ( voice4 ,let x foll[ passion1 & x w naturally fall into ! way t w be/ express t passion4 ,x w deep5 into ! ?und]-ro> :5 t is ne$$1 & w become s(t & pa!tic at ! "r "t4 ,b bew>e ( ?9k+ t y mu/ be l\d1 9 ord] to be impressive4 ,no?+ is m disgu/+ ?an t int]m9able ro>1 beg9n+ ) a %\t & cont9u+ all ?r\gh ! s]mon4 ,x is worse ?an monotony itself4 ,! v l\dness ( voice t1 appli$ at ! "r place1 w\ld be ov]p[]+1 loses all p[]1 & becomes z we>isome z ! ceaseless la%+ ( ocean waves to ! /orm-to/ m>9]4 ,/rive to h some?+ to say1 keep ! fires ( passion burn+ 9 y\r own s\l1 & ! voice1 :i* has previ\sly be5 dilig5tly cultivat$1 w n fail 9 :at %\ld be its only (fice--! br++ ( y\r ?\ghts into contact ) ! s\ls ( o!rs4 ,books on oratory prop]ly devote mu* space to ! consid]ation ( ge/ure1 = ! eye ne$s to be address$ & pleas$ z well z ! e>4 ,b we d\bt :e!r ! m>k+ out ( ge/ures to be imitat$ is calculat$ to d mu* good4 ,! pr9cipal use ( tra9+ seems to be1 fir/1 to ov]come ! backw>dness t might freeze bo? speak] & congregation2 & second1 to disc>d awkw>d & repulsive movem5ts4 ,! fir/ c be accompli%$ by a firm resolution1 & is wor?y ( x4 ,we h all se5 mo/ eloqu5t m5 :o did n move at all1 or :o mov$ v slightly 9 ! c\rse ( _! address1 b nev] )\t feel+ t ! want ( ge/iculation detract$ j s mu* f _! p[]4 ,x is unnatural to speak /&+ /ill1 & none b a lazy1 sick1 or ba%ful man w d x4 ,yet _m :o d n hesitate to make _! voices rev]b]ate to ! ro(1 w fe> to move ev5 a f+]4 ,let ?is timidity be ?r[n (f4 ,ev5 an ungraceful ge/ure is bett] ?an none at all4 ,b aft] ! fir/ fe> has be5 ov]come1 & ! speak] has le>n$ to use 8 h&s1 he next ne$s to gu>d aga9/ bad habits4 ,if any?+ is truly natural1 x w be beautiful2 b we are s mu* corrupt$ by e>ly example t x is h>d to f9d :at nature is4 ,!re is h>dly a public speak] :o does n1 at "s "t1 fall into habits t are unsightly or ridicul\s4 ,! diff]5ce 9 ?is respect is1 t "s reta9 all ! faults !y once get1 hang+ & accumulat+ ar\nd !m2 :ile o!rs1 f ! w>n+ ( fri5ds or _! own obs]vation1 discov] _! errors1 & ca/ !m (f4 ,a good me?od ( te/+ our own mann]1 f :i* we %\ld n be det]r$ by prejudice1 is by speak+ be=e a mirror4 ,!re is reason = ! common ridicule ?r[n ^u ?is practice1 if we recite our s]mons = ! purpose ( m>k+ ! prop] po9ts ( ge/ure1 & ( not+ :]e to />t1 & fr[n1 & wave ! arm1 s z to make ! :ole m]e act+4 ,b :at we advise is to speak be=e ! glass 9 z e>ne/ & impassion$ a mann] z we c comm&1 n = practice on ! subjects we are to discuss1 b t we may 8see ourselves z o!rs see u40 ,9 ord9>y speak+ we c he> our own voice1 & ?us become s5sible ( any audible errors t we may fall into2 b we ne$ ! glass to %[ u h[ we look1 & to make u see any improp] movem5t t we may h unconsci\sly contract$4 ,we d n advise ! recital ( a s]mon be=e ! glass4 ,!re is some?+ cold & irrev]5t 9 ! v idea4 ,b ! same objection does n apply to ord9>y declamation4 ,by ^! two processes--press+ out into action "u ! impulse ( deep feel+1 z /rongly & freely z possible1 & by lopp+ (f ev]y?+ t is n graceful & effective1 we w soon atta9 a good /yle ( ge/ure4 ,all me*anical imitation1 all obs]vance ( artificial rules1 & especially all attempts to make ! ge/ure descriptive1 su* z po9t+ t[>d ! object allud$ to1 plac+ ! h& on ! he>t to express emotion1 etc41 w d m h>m ?an good4 ,! be/ ge/iculation is entirely unconsci\s4 ,frequ5tly ! spe$ or sl[ness ( ! ge/ure reveals m emotion ?an its direction or =m4 ,! /roke1 :5 x falls ^u a p>ticul> ^w1 aids to make x emphatic1 ev5 :5 !re is no obs]vable connection betwe5 ! k9d ( movem5t made & ! s5tim5t utt]$4 ,let ! m9d1 int5t on its subject1 take full possession ( ! :ole body1 z a m$ium ( expression1 & e action w correspond ) tone & ^w1 & ! s\l ( ! he>] be rea*$ alike ?r\gh eye & e>4 ,we h already spok5 ( boldness z an indisp5sable requisite = an extempore speak]4 ,b m is ne$$ ?an ! c\rage t leads u to enc\nt] ! p]ils ( spee*4 ,"s speak]s ma/] _! fe>s suffici5tly to beg91 yet cont9ue to exp]i5ce a n]v\s dread :i* prev5ts ! free use ( _! faculties4 ,?is cl++ timidity may hang ar\nd an orator1 & imp$e 8 flights ( eloqu5ce z effectually z an iron fett] w\ld an eagle on ! w+4 ,! speak] mu/ confide 9 8 own p[]s1 & be will+ to tru/ to _! guidance4 ,x is n necess>y t he %\ld h ?is confid5ce previ\s to speak+1 = x is !n v difficult to ex]cise x1 & if possess$1 x may assume ! appe>ance ( egotism & boa/fulness4 ,_m a man beg9s to speak :ile trembl+ 9 e limb1 b soon becomes inspir$ ) 8 !me & =gets all anxiety4 ,b if 8 fe> be great] ?an ?is1 & keep him 9 p]petual t]ror1 x w de/roy lib]ty & eloqu5ce4 ,a man "u su* an influ5ce loses 8 self-possession1 becomes confus$1 all int]e/ evaporates f 8 mo/ c>efully-prep>$ ?\ghts1 & he f9ally sits d[n1 conv9c$ t 8 ef=t 0 a failure1 :ile1 p]haps1 he _h 9 8 bra9 ! necess>y p[] & mat]ial to sway ! assembly at w4 ,su* a "o mu/ le>n to fe> less1 or seek a high] support "u 8 trials4 ,!re is no rem$y m effectual ?an to d all our "w "u ! imm$iate pressure ( duty4 ,if we speak = self-glory1 ! fr[ns or approval ( ! audi5ce become a matt] ( va/ importance to u1 & if we fail1 we are deeply mortifi$ & bewail our fooli%ness 9 expos+ ourselves to su* risks4 ,on ! contr>y1 if we speak f a s5se ( duty1 if we he> ! cry1 8woe is me if ,i prea* n ! ,gospel10 s\nd+ 9 our e>s1 x is no long] a matt] ( *oice1 & we g =w>d1 ev5 trembl+1 to obey ! imp]ative comm&4 ,our m9d is fix$ on our !me1 & ! applause ( ! multitude becomes ( small mom5t to u except z x is ! e*o ( ,god's approval4 ,we feel t we are 8 workm51 & believe t he w su/a9 u4 ,m5 h ?us be5 =w>d 9 ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry :o w\ld o!rwise nev] h fac$ ! dang]s & exposures ( public speak+4 ,!y 7 driv5 to x1 & !re=e ?rew !mselves bravely into x1 & (t5 atta9$ ! highe/ em95ce4 ,a want ( prop] confid5ce is "o great reason :y s _m ) sup]ior tal5ts = (f-h& speak+ seek refuge 9 _! notes4 ,!y try1 & fail4 ,in/ead ( copy+ ! s*ool-boy motto 8try1 try aga910 & ?us reap+ ! fruition ( _! hopes1 !y give up--conclude t !y h no tal5ts = ! "w1 & s9k to m$iocrity & tam5ess1 :5 !y might h be5 brilliant 9 ! field ( true oratory4 ,! possession ( confid5ce :ile speak+ secures respect & def]5ce4 ,! congregation c p>don timidity at ! beg9n+1 = !n _! m9ds are fix$ on ! speak]1 & 8 %r9k+ seems to be b a graceful exhibition ( mode/y & good s5se4 ,b aft] he has once begun1 _! m9ds are on ! subject1 & !y associate him ) x4 ,if he is dignifi$1 respectful & confid5t1 !y li/5 att5tively1 & feel ! weight ( 8 words4 ,?is is f> diff]5t f blu/] & bravado1 :i* always injure ! cause !y advocate1 & produce a feel+ ( disgu/ t[>d ! (f5d]4 ,! fir/ seems to arise f a s5se ( ! dignity ( ! subject2 ! second f an op9ion ( p]sonal importance--an op9ion no speak] has a "r to ent]ta9 :5 be=e an audi5ce1 =1 9 ! v act ( speak+ to !m1 he con/itutes !m 8 judges4 ,he may h confid5ce 9 8 own p[] to pres5t ! subject fai?fully1 & he w speak ) only ! m =ce & c]ta9ty if he is well assur$ ( t1 b he mu/ n let x be se5 t he is ?9k+ ( himself1 or try+ to exhibit 8 own g5ius4 ,a speak] ne$s confid5ce t he may avail himself ( ! sugge/ions ( ! mom5t4 ,"s ( ! be/ ?\ghts he w ev] h1 w be out ( ! l9e ( 8 prep>ation1 & w occur at a mom5t :5 !re is no "t = him to weigh !m4 ,he mu/ reject !m imm$iately or beg9 to foll[1 n kn[+ :i!r !y lead1 & ?is n 9 ?\ght alone1 b 9 audible words1 ) ! risk t !y may br+ him into "s ridicul\s absurdity4 ,he _c ev5 /op to glance ahead1 = ! lea/ hesitation w break ! spell he may h wov5 ar\nd 8 he>]s1 :ile if he rejects ! self-(f]$ idea1 he may lose a g5u9e inspiration4 ,a quick se>*+ glance1 t w all[ no "t = 8 own feel+s or ^? ( 8 he>]s to cool1 is all t he c give1 & x is necess>y 9 t "t to decide :e!r to reject ! ?\ght1 or foll[ x ) ! same assurance z if ! end 7 cle>ly 9 view4 ,x requires "s boldness to d ?is1 & yet e speak] kn[s t 8 v highe/ ef=ts--?\ghts t h mov$ 8 he>]s l leaves be=e ! w9d--h be5 ( ?is "*4 ,x also requires "s confid5ce to beg9 a s5t5ce1 ev5 :5 ! idea is pla91 )\t kn[+ h[ x is to be fram$ or :]e x w end4 ,?is difficulty is exp]i5c$ v (t5 9 spee* ev5 by ^? :o are mo/ flu5t4 ,a man may le>n to ca/ s5t5ces v rapidly1 yet x w take "s "t = !m to pass ?r\gh 8 m9d1 & :5 he has f9i%$ "o1 ! next idea may n h fully cond5s$ itself into words4 ,to beg91 !n1 ) ?is unc]ta9ty & g on )\t lett+ ! p see any hesitation1 dem&s a good deal ( confid5ce 9 "o's p[] ( comm&+ words & =m+ s5t5ces4 ,yet a bold & confid5t speak] feels no uneas9ess on su* occasions4 ,sometimes he w prolong a pause :ile he is ?9k+ ( ! ^w he wants1 & haz>d\s z ?is appe>s1 x is really safe1 = ! m9d is s active :5 9 ! complete possession ( its p[]s t1 if necess>y1 z x seldom is1 some?+ extrane\s c easily be ?r[n 91 t w fill up ! "t until ! "r t]m & ! "r con/ruction are f\nd4 ,?is necess>y confid5ce c be cultivat$ by /riv+ to ex]cise x1 & by assum+ its appe>ance :]e ! reality is n4 ,let a p]son make up 8 m9d t he w become an extempore speak]1 & pati5tly endure all failures & mi/akes t foll[1 & he w ?us avoid ! wav]+ & %r9k+1 & que/ion+ 9 8 own m9d t o!rwise di/ress him & p>alyze 8 p[]s4 ,if he fail1 he w be /imulat$ to a /rong] & m protract$ ef=t4 ,if he succe$1 t w be an argum5t ^u :i* to base future confid5ce1 & ?us1 :atev] is ! result1 he is =w>d$ on 8 c\rse4 ,& 9 reg>d to ! difficulty ( s5t5ce-ca/+1 he w make 8 way ?r\gh s _m p]plexities ( t k9d1 t ! only dang] w be t ( becom+ c>eless1 & con/ruct+ too _m s5t5ces )\t unity or poli%4 ,he w acquire by long exp]i5ce s mu* k ( ! work+ ( 8 own ?\ghts1 z to be able to tell at a glance :at he ought to reject1 & :at accept1 ( ! unbidd5 ideas t pres5t !mselves4 ,he w be ready to seize e new ?\ght1 ev5 if x be outside ( 8 prep>ation1 &1 if wor?y1 give x in/ant expression2 & if n1 dismiss x at once & cont9ue un*eck$ along 8 int5d$ r\te4 ,!re is only "o direction t we c give = ! acquisition ( ! confid5ce t is respectful & self-assur$1 & yet n =w>d nor obtrusive4 ,be fully p]suad$ z to :at is be/ = y1 & make up y\r m9d to take ! risks z well z ! advantages ( extempore speak+4 ,!n p]sev]e until all ob/acles are ov]come4 ,we h ?us glanc$ at a few ( ! m important acquir$ qualities necess>y = public speak+4 ,^! d n cov] ! :ole field1 = to speak aright requires all ! faculties ( ! m9d 9 ! highe/ /ate ( cultivation4 ,!re is no m5tal p[] t may n contribute to ! orator's success4 ,! :ole limits ( possible education are compris$ 9 two great bran*es3 ! "o relat+ to ! reception1 & ! o!r to ! communication ( k4 ,! p]fect comb9ation ( ^! is ! ideal ( excell5ce--an ideal s high t x c only be aspir$ to4 ,all k is ( value to ! orator4 ,he may n h occasion to use x directly 9 8 spee*es1 b x w always be at h& to select f1 & give 8 views additional bread? & scope4 ,if 8 mat]ials are few he mu/ take1 n :at is be/1 b :at he has4 ,if a wide ext5t ( k is op5 be=e him1 ! *ances are t he w f9d exactly :at is ne$$ = 8 purpose4 ,! improvem5t ( ! p[] to communicate k is1 if possible1 /ill m important4 ,a great "p ( ! value ev5 ( a diamond dep5ds ^u its sett+ & poli%1 & ! ri*e/ & mo/ gl[+ ?\ghts may fail to rea* ! he>t or *>m ! intellect1 unless !y are ca/ into ! prop] =m1 & giv5 ext]nal beauty4 ,let ! man1 !n1 :o w\ld speak well n fe> to "k too mu*4 ,he _c be great at once4 ,he mu/ build = future ye>s4 ,if he wi% a sudd5 & local celebrity t w nev] increase1 b mold] away1 ev5 9 8 own lifetime1 he c\ld1 p]haps1 atta9 x 9 ano!r way4 ,he might le>n a few ( ! ext]nals ( elocution1 & !n1 ) great c>e1 or by ! free use ( ! mat]ial ( o!rs1 prep>e "s f9ely-word$ disc\rses1 & read or recite !m z (t5 z he c f9d a new audi5ce4 ,x is true t by ?is means 8 success w probably n be z great z he w\ld wi%1 b he c be sure t :at he a*ieves w be suffici5tly evanesc5t4 ,he w n gr[ up to ! measure ( greatness1 b become daily m dw>f$ & /]eotyp$ 9 intellect4 ,b on ! o!r h&1 let him 8int]m$dle ) all k10 & make 8 means ( communicat+ :at he ?us ga!rs z p]fect z possible1 & !n talk to ! p out ( ! fullness ( 8 treasures1 & if no sudd5 & empty acclaim %\ld greet him1 he w be weighty & influ5tial f ! fir/1 & ea* ye> t passes w br+ him add$ p[]4 ,! aim ( ! sacr$ orator %\ld be ! full & h>moni\s developm5t ( all ! faculties t ,god has giv5 him1 & _! consecration to 8 great "w4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,a ,,s]mon4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,f\ndation--,,subject--,,object--,,text 4 ,we h ?us f> discuss$ ! subject ( prelim9>y tra9+1 & h endeavor$ to %[ :at natural qualities ! prea*] mu/ possess1 & h[ ^! c be improv$ by dilig5t cultivation4 ,! importance ( a wide scope ( k1 & especially ( t :i* be>s ^u oratory2 ( und]/&+ & hav+ "s comm& ( ! p[]s ( language2 ( hav+ a p]sonal exp]i5ce ( ,*ri/'s p>don+ love1 & a he>t fill$ ) desire = ! salvation ( our fell[ m52 ( believ+ t ,god has call$ u to ! "w ( ! m9i/ry2 has already be5 po9t$ out4 ,:5 a man f9ds himself 9 possession ( ^!1 & is /ill a dilig5t /ud5t1 gr[+ daily 9 grace1 he is prep>$ to prea* ! ,gospel 9 8demon/ration ( ! _s & ( p[]40 ,he is !n ready to consid] ! me?ods by :i* all 8 gifts & acquirem5ts may be made available1 & wield$ ) mightie/ effect 9 ! s]vice ( 8 ,ma/]4 ,"s ( ! directions giv5 9 ?is & succe$+ *apt]s are ( univ]sal application1 :ile o!rs are to be reg>d$ only z sugge/ions1 to be modifi$ & *ang$ accord+ to individual ta/e1 or p>ticul> circum/ances4 ,a plan is necess>y to e s]mon4 ,a rude mass ( brick1 lumb]1 mort> & iron1 ?r[n toge!r z ! mat]ials *ance to be furni%$1 does n con/itute a h\se1 & is wor?less until ea* is built into its appropriate place1 9 ob$i5ce to "s intellig5t design4 ,a s]mon mu/ be con/ruct$ 9 a simil> mann]4 ,x may conta9 mu* t is good1 or useful1 or /rik+1 & be replete ) sp>kl+ imag]y1 & full ( ideas t w comm& ! att5tion ( ! audi5ce1 & yet completely fail4 ,! only safe me?od is to h a well-def9$ plan m>k$ out f beg9n+ to end1 & to "w accord+ to x4 ,x is always bett] to h ?is plan previ\sly con/ruct$4 ,sometimes :5 we speak on a subject we h (t5 ?\ght ov]1 its :ole outl9e w fla% ^u u 9 a mom5t1 & we w speak z well z if we _h employ$ mon?s 9 prep>ation4 ,b su* cases are r>e exceptions4 ,! man :o attempts1 on ! spur ( ! mom5t1 to arrange 8 facts1 draw 8 inf]5ces1 & en=ce 8 op9ions1 w f9d ! task v difficult1 ev5 if 8 memory promptly furni%es all ! necess>y mat]ials4 ,e disc\rse1 ( :atev] "*1 %\ld h a subject & an object4 ,a s]mon requires a text also1 & ^! ?ree con/itute ! f\ndation ^u :i* x is built4 ,we w consid] !m sep>ately4 ,a good plan _c be con/ruct$ )\t an object 9 view4 ,:y is x t at a p>ticul> "t a congregation assembles1 & sits sil5t :ile a man addresses !m8 ,:at is 8 motive 9 /&+ up be=e !m & ask+ _! att5tion8 ,_m ( ! p may h be5 drawn toge!r by ! lighte/ influ5ces1 b ! m9i/]1 at lea/1 %\ld be actuat$ by a noble purpose4 ,if he has a cle> aim be=e him1 x w t5d p[]fully to give unity & consi/5cy to 8 disc\rse1 & prev5t him f fall+ into endless digressions4 ,x w b9d all deta*$ p>ts toge!r1 & infuse a common life ?r\gh ! :ole mass4 ,we _c be too c>eful 9 ! selection ( su* a rul+ object1 = x w affect ! :ole sup]/ructure4 ,our purposes %\ld n be too g5]al4 ,x is n en\gh t we %\ld wi% to d good4 ,probably no m9i/] ev] prea*es )\t t g5]al desire4 ,b ! important "q is1 8,:at special good d ,i hope to accompli% by ?is s]mon80 ,:5 he has decid$ ?is1 he w !n be prep>$ to adapt 8 means to ! end propos$1 & ! :ole disc\rse w acquire a def9it5ess & precision t w\ld nev] o!rwise h belong$ to x4 ,! m we sub-divide our objects1 ! m w ?is precision be increas$1 al?\gh !re is a limit beyond :i* x w\ld be at ! exp5se ( o!r qualities4 ,if we desire ! salvation ( s\ls1 x is well1 & mo/ p[]ful s]mons h be5 prea*$ ) t object 9 view4 ,b if we n>r[ our imm$iate aim1 & keep 9 view only "o ( ! /eps by :i* ! s\l advances to ,god1 x w give our disc\rse a ke5] edge1 & we c plead ) ^? :o h n yet tak5 t /ep ) m prospect ( imm$iate success1 ?an if we at once plac$ ! :ole j\rney be=e !m4 ,= example1 _m s]mons may be prea*$ ) 8rep5tance0 z ! c5tral object1 & ?is duty en=c$ by v>i\s motives & innum]able argum5ts4 ,we may %[ t x is a duty1 t man is lo/ )\t x1 t ,jesus calls him to x1 t ,god assi/s1 t salvation foll[s x1 etc4 ,our objects usually h ref]5ce to ! action ( ^? :o he> u1 & ! m fully t action is und]/ood1 & ! m e>ne/ our desire to produce x1 ! great] our p]suasive p[] w be4 ,if we d n exactly "k :at we wi% to accompli%1 !re is v little probability t our audi5ce w int]pret our ?\ghts = u4 ,we may1 x is true1 labor to conv9ce ! judgm5t ( our he>]s1 & make !m und]/& tru? m cle>ly ?an be=e1 b ?is is usually because ( ! influ5ce ?us ex]t$ on _! actions4 ,! objects t %\ld gov]n our s]mons are comp>atively few1 & ought to be select$ ) great c>e4 ,mu* ( our success dep5ds on hav+ ! "r "o ( ^! be=e u at ! "r "t2 = if we aim at t :i* is unatta9able1 we lose our ef=t4 ,if we prea* sanctification to a congregation ( unawak5$ s9n]s1 no p[] ( treatm5t c r$eem ! s]mon f ! c>d9al defect ( inappropriat5ess4 ,if we prea* aga9/ errors :i* no "o ( our he>]s ent]ta9s1 our logic is lo/1 ev5 if ! v errors we battle aga9/ are n sugge/$4 ,let u c>efully note ! /ate ( our audi5ce1 & select = our object t :i* ought to be accompli%$4 ,!re is a diff]5ce betwe5 ! subject ( a disc\rse & its object2 ! latt] is ! motive t impels u to speak1 :ile ! =m] is :at we speak ab\t4 ,x is n uncommon = m9i/]s to h a subject )\t any v di/9ct object4 ,_! engagem5ts require !m to speak1 & a subject is a necessity4 ,t :i* c be treat$ mo/ easily is tak51 & all ! ideas !y possess1 or c collect ab\t x1 are giv5 =?1 & ! matt] left4 ,until su* p]sons gr[ 9 e>ne/1 & really desire to accompli% some?+1 !y _c advance ! cause ( ,god4 ,! object ( a s]mon is ! s\l1 :ile ! subject is only ! body2 or1 we may say1 ! "o is ! end1 & ! o!r ! means by :i* x is accompli%$4 ,aft] ! object is fix$ ! subject c be *os5 to mu* bett] advantage2 = in/ance1 if x be our object to lead ! p5it5t to ! ,cross1 we may select any ( ! !mes connect$ ) ! crucifixion & dy+ love ( ,*ri/2 we may %[ ! s9n] 8 inability to fulfill ! requirem5ts ( ! law1 & t he ne$s an aton+ sacrifice to save him f its p5alty2 we may %[ t ! salvation pur*as$ is full & free4 ,_m o!r bran*es ( ! same great topic w be f\nd suitable = ! purpose 9 view4 ,?is ord] ( selection may sometimes be rev]s$ to good advantage4 ,:5 a m9i/] is /ation$ ) a c]ta9 congregation1 !re are _m objects he wi%es to accompli%1 & (t5 no /rong reason = pref]r+ "o 9 ! ord] ( "t to ano!r4 ,x w !n be well = him to take t subject :i* may impress him1 & b5d 8 m9d t[>d an object he c en=ce mo/ p[]fully ?r\gh x4 ,on o!r occasions !re is a p>ticul> end to be atta9$1 :i* is = ! "t all-important1 & :i* ?us furni%es ! prop] object4 ,no?+ !n rema9s b = ! prea*] to *oose a subject ?r\gh :i* he c "w to ! be/ advantage4 ,?is is "o great advantage ! ,me?odi/s h 9 protract$ meet+s4 ,an object is always 9 view1 & ! congregation expect x to be press$ home ) p[]4 ,no plea ( g5]al in/ruction w !n save a s]mon f be+ ?\ght wor?less1 if x does n produce an imm$iate result4 ,& ev5 ! mu* calumniat$ 8m\rn]s' b5*0 contributes mo/ p[]fully to ! same result4 ,!re is some?+ propos$ :i* ! congregation c see1 & ?r\gh x judge ( ! prea*]'s success or failure4 ,an outw>d act is urg$ ^u ! unbeliev+ portion ( ! audi5ce1 by :i* !y signify t !y yield to ! p[] ( ! ,gospel2 & ! v fact ( hav+ t be=e him z an imm$iate1 ?\gh n an ultimate aim1 w /imulate ! prea*]'s zeal1 & cause him to put =? e possible ex]tion4 ,aft] all1 ! ord] 9 :i* subject & object are select$ is n v mat]ial4 ,x is en\gh t ! prea*] has a subject t he und]/&s1 & an object t w>ms 8 he>t & enli/s all 8 p[]s4 ,!n he c prea*1 n z if deal+ ) ab/ractions1 b z "o :o has a liv+ mission to p]=m4 ,e subject we treat %\ld be complete 9 itself1 & r\nd$ (f f ev]y?+ else4 ,its b\nd>ies %\ld be run ) su* precision z n to include any?+ b :at prop]ly belongs to x4 ,x is a common b griev\s fault to h ! same ca/ ( ideas fl[+ r\nd e text t may be prea*$ f4 ,!re are few ?+s 9 ! univ]se t h n "s relation to ev]y?+ else1 & if our topics are n v /rictly b\nd$1 we w fall into ! vice ( p]petual repetition4 ,?us1 9 a book ( s]mon sket*es we h exam9$1 ne>ly e "o beg9s by prov+ t man is a fall5 creature1 & ne$s ! helps or is liable to ! ills m5tion$ aft]w>d4 ,no o!r ?\ght is introduc$ until t primal po9t is settl$4 ,?is doctr9e is ( great importance1 & does affect all man's relations1 b we c sometimes take x = grant$1 )\t endang]+ ! edifice we build ^u x1 & occasional sil5ce w be f> m impressive ?an t cont9ual it]ation1 :i* may ev5 induce a d\bt ( :at seems to ne$ s mu* pro(4 ,m9i/]s sometime acquire su* a /]eotyp$ =m ( ?\ght & expression t :at !y say 9 "o s]mon w be sure to recur1 p]haps 9 a modifi$ =m1 9 all o!rs4 ,?is k9d ( prea*+ is intol]able4 ,!re is an end to ! pati5ce ( man4 ,he tires ( ! same old ideas1 & wi%es :5 a text is tak5 t x may br+ ) x a new s]mon4 ,! rem$y aga9/ ?is evil is to give ea* s]mon its own t]ritory1 & !n gu>d rigidly aga9/ trespass4 ,x is n a suffici5t excuse = ! m9i/] :o prea*es cont9ually 9 "o place1 t :at he says has a natural connection ) ! subject 9 h&1 b x mu/ h a clos] connection ) x1 ?an ) any o!r he may use4 ,by obs]v+ ?is rule1 we make ea* !me ! sol> c5tre ar\nd :i* may clu/] a great numb] ( second>y ideas1 all ( :i* naturally belong to x1 & are undi/urb$ by satellites f o!r sy/ems4 ,! subjects f :i* a prea*] may *oose are innum]able4 ,! ,bible is an inexhau/ible /oreh\se4 ,its hi/ories1 precepts1 prophecies1 promises & ?reat5+s1 are almo/ endless4 ,!n all ! duties ( human life1 & especially ^? born ( ! ,*ri/ian "*2 ! be/ me?ods ( mak+ our way to ! end ( our j\rney2 ! hopes aft] :i* we foll[2 ! dang]s t beset our pa?2 ! mighty de/9ies ( "t & et]nity1 are a few ( ! !mes t sugge/ !mselves1 & af=d room en\gh = ! l(tie/ tal5t1 dur+ all ! "t t man is all[$ to prea* on e>?4 ,if we w\ld se>* c>efully = ! be/ subjects1 &1 :5 f\nd1 isolate !m f all o!rs1 we w\ld nev] ne$ to we>y ! p by ! repetition ( ?\ghts & ideas4 ,:ile1 z a rule1 we ought to %un controv]sial po9ts1 we %\ld n be afraid to lay hold ( ! mo/ important subjects t are reveal$ to man4 ,^! w always comm& att5tion2 heav5 & hell1 judgm5t1 r$emption1 fai?1 ! fall1 & all ^? great doctr9es ^u :i* ! ,*ri/ian religion re/s1 ne$ to be frequ5tly impress$ on ! p4 ,x is also pr(itable to prea* s]ial s]mons on great subjects4 ,! rise ( ! ,jewi% nation & economy w\ld af=d a f9e field = in/ruction4 ,! life & "w ( ,jesus ,*ri/ w\ld be /ill bett]4 ,?is latt] s]ies might consi/ ( disc\rses on ,8 bir?1 baptism1 temptation1 fir/ s]mon1 ,8 tea*+ 9 g5]al1 "s miracle z a type ( all o!rs1 transfiguration1 la/ com+ to ,j]usalem1 ,ge?semane1 betrayal & arre/1 trial1 crucifixion1 resurrection1 asc5sion & second adv5t4 ,_m o!r subdivisions might be made4 ,su* l9k$ s]mons1 cov]+ a wide scope1 in/ruct ! p bett] ?an isolat$ ones c\ld1 & af=d equal opportunities = en=c+ all ,*ri/ian lessons4 ,yet x w\ld n be well to employ !m exclusively1 or ev5 g5]ally1 z su* a practice w\ld t5d to we>isome sam5ess4 ,! subject mu/ be well def9$4 ,x may be ( a g5]al nature1 b our conception ( x %\ld be s cle> t we always "k j :at we are speak+ ab\t4 ,?is is m necess>y 9 an extempore spee* ?an 9 a writt5 "o1 al?\gh ! want ( x w be felt sev]ely ev5 9 ! latt]4 ,a /rong1 vividly def9$ subject w give unity & life to a :ole disc\rse1 & (t5 leave a p]man5t impression on ! m9d4 ,to aid 9 secur+ ?is1 x w be well = ! prea*]1 :5 he has *os5 a subject1 to r$uce x to its simple/ =m1 & !n by writ+ x z a phrase or s5t5ce1 /amp x on ! m9d1 & let x r+ 9 e ^w t is spok52 t is1 let ea* ^w aid 9 c>ry+ out ! great idea1 or 9 lead+ to ! desir$ object1 & be valu$ only s f> z x does ?is4 ,^? int]m9able disc\rses1 t seem to comm5ce any:]e & end n[h]e1 may be call$ s]mons by c\rtesy1 b !y are n su* 9 reality4 ,! ^w 8s]mon0 signifies 8a ?ru/10 :i* well expresses ! conc5trativ5ess & aggressiv5ess t %\ld di/+ui% x1 & :i* no?+ b a well-def9$ !me c give4 ,x ought n to glitt] ) deta*$ beauties1 l ! />ry heav5s1 b %9e ) ! s+le1 all-p]vad+ radiance ( ! sun4 ,?is unity ( !me & treatm5t is n easily pres]v$4 ,x is h>d to see 9 ! m9d's eye :at we "k w\ld please & delight ^? :o li/51 & turn away & leave x1 b x is (t5 necess>y to ex]cise ?is m ?an ,sp>tan self-d5ial1 if we w\ld n r$uce our s]mons to m]e r&om h>angues4 ,n t illu/ration %\ld be disc>d$1 = ! :ole realm ( nature may be press$ into ?is s]vice1 & a good illu/ration 9 ! "r place is (t5 bett] ?an an argum5t4 ,b no?+1 :atev] its nature1 %\ld be drawn 91 unless x s p]fectly coalesces ) ! p>5t idea1 t a common vitality fl[s ?r\gh !m4 ,if ?is is ! case1 ! unity w be unbrok51 ?\gh ev5 !n x (t5 happ5s t ! idea w\ld produce a bett] effect 9 connection ) ano!r !me1 & %\ld be res]v$ = x4 ,usage has e/abli%$ ! practice ( employ+ a passage ( ,scripture z ! basis ( a s]mon4 ,?is is ( great advantage to ! m9i/]1 = x gives ! disc\rse some?+ ( div9e sanction1 & makes x m ?an a popul> address4 ,op9ion is divid$ z to :e!r x is be/ to select ! text1 & arrange ! disc\rse to correspond ) x1 or rev]s+ ?is ord]1 to compose ! s]mon fir/1 & ?us secure ! h>mony t arises f hav+ no di/urb+ idea1 & at ! la/ mom5t *oose a text ( ,scripture t w fit x z ne>ly z possible4 ,no d\bt ! comp>ative advantages ( ^! me?ods w be to a great degree det]m9$ by ! occasions on :i* !y are us$4 ,:5 a subject is ( great importance1 & we wi% to be precise 9 expla9+ x1 we may adopt ! latt] me?od1 b ! =m] is m g5]ally useful4 ,!re are s _m valuable ideas & important sugge/ions 9 ! words ( ,scripture1 t we c ill af=d to deprive ourselves ( ?is help4 ,= ! ,bible1 ) all its ideas1 is common prop]ty4 ,no m9i/] ne$ fe> ! *>ge ( plagi>ism1 :5 he borr[s1 ei!r 9 ^w or ?\ght f its inspir$ pages4 ,he is ,god's ambassador1 ) ! ,bible = 8 lett] ( in/ruction1 & ! m freely he avails himself ( x1 if x be done skillfully1 ! bett] = ! au?ority ( 8 mission4 ,we may (t5 select a subject t appe>s d>k & confus$1 b :5 we h f\nd a passage ( ,scripture embrac+ ! same idea1 !re may be some?+ 9 x t w solve e d\bt1 & indicate ! v ?\ghts we wi% to en=ce4 ,= ?is reason we believe t "u ord9>y circum/ances1 ! practice ( fir/ con/ruct+ ! s]mon & only at ! la/ mom5t be=e deliv]y1 tack+ on a text1 is n ! be/4 ,ano!r reason 9 favor ( previ\sly select+ ! text is wor? consid]ation4 ,! p1 :o are n suppos$ to "k any?+ ( ! subject1 expect1 :5 we read a passage ( ,scripture1 z ! f\ndation ( our rem>ks1 t x w be some?+ m ?an a m]e po9t ( dep>ture4 ,!y anticipate t x w be kept always 9 view1 & furni% ! key-note to ! :ole s]mon4 ,?is is b reasonable1 & if disappo9t$1 !y w n s well appreciate :at is really good 9 ! disc\rse4 ,we w\ld n sacrifice unity to a m]e rambl+ comm5t>y on ! words ( ! text4 ,let ! subject be fir/ 9 ! m9d & b5d ev]y?+ to itself4 ,b let ! text be next 9 importance1 & ! :ole subject be unfold$ ) x always 9 view4 ,x may be fe>$ t ! "w ( s]moniz+ w be r5d]$ m difficult by obs]v+ ?is d\ble guidance1 b if a prop] text be *os5--"o t1 9 its lit]al mean+1 w embrace ! subject--! labor w be mu* light5$4 ,x is a common fault to take a passage ( ,scripture consi/+ ( a few words only1 & put our own mean+ ^u x1 )\t ref]5ce to ! int5tion ( ! inspir$ writ] :o p5n$ x4 ,?is bord]s v closely on irrev]5ce4 ,if we _c use ,god's words 9 ! s5se he uses !m1 we _h bett] speak )\t a text at all1 & !n our s9 w only be a negative "o4 ,! tak+ ( a few words divorc$ f _! connection1 & app5d+ !m to a disc\rse or essay1 t has no relation to _! true mean+1 is n less a pr(anation ?an x w\ld be to prefix ! motto1 8,p]fect love ca/e? out fe>10 to a fa%ionable novel4 ,b :51 on ! o!r h&1 we take a text t conta9s our subject1 & expresses x cle>ly1 we are prep>$ to compose a s]mon to ! be/ advantage4 ,! subject pres5t 9 our own m9d runs ?r\gh e "p ( ! disc\rse1 mak+ x a liv+ unity1 in/ead ( a collection ( loose & disord]$ fragm5ts2 :ile ! text1 be+ always kept 9 view by ! he>]s z well z by ! speak]1 leads all m9ds 9 ! same direction1 & gives div9e sanction to e ^w t is spok54 ,x is n )\t reason t ! p1 ^: ta/es are ne>ly always "r1 ?\gh !y may n be able to give a philosophical explanation ( !m1 compla9 ( _! prea*] :5 he does n 8/ick to 8 text40 ,x is "r t he %\ld s adh]e4 ,a man ( g5ius may neglect ?is precaution1 & /ill succe$1 z he w\ld d1 by m]e intellectual =ce1 7 he to adopt any o!r c\rse4 ,b ord9>y m5 _c1 ) safety1 foll[ ! example ( ,sydney ,smi?4 ,8 ve/ry compla9$ t he did n talk ab\t ! text he took1 &1 t he might ! m easily re=m1 !y advis$ him to divide 8 s]mons z o!r prea*]s did4 ,he promis$ to comply ) _! reque/1 & ! next ,sabba? began1 8,we w divide our disc\rse ?is morn+ into ?ree p>ts2 9 ! fir/ place we w g up to our text1 9 ! second we w g ?r\gh x1 & 9 ! ?ird we w g ,,f x40 ,x 0 g5]ally all[$ t he succe$$ be/ on ! la/ division1 b prea*]s :o h n 8 g5ius _h bett] omit x4 ,^! rules 9 relation to ! absolute sway ( object1 subject & text1 may appe> h>% & rigid1 b _c be neglect$ ) impunity4 ,a true disc\rse ( any k9d is ! ord]ly developm5t ( "s "o ?\ght1 ) s mu* cle>ness1 t x may ev] aft]w>d live z a po9t ( light 9 ! memory2 o!r ideas may clu/] ar\nd x1 b "o mu/ reign supreme4 ,if x fails 9 ?is p>ticul>1 no?+ else w r$eem x4 ,brilliancy ( ?\ght & illu/ration w be wa/$1 z a sculptor's art w\ld be on a block ( clay4 ,a man ( pr(\nd g5ius once arose to prea* be=e a great assemblage1 & e brea? 0 hu%$ to li/54 ,he spoke ) p[]1 & "s ( 8 passages 7 full ( ?rill+ eloqu5ce4 ,he p\r$ =? beautiful images & deep solemn ?\ghts1 ) ! utmo/ pr(usion4 ,yet :5 he took 8 seat a s5se ( utt] disappo9tm5t fill$ ! he>ts ( all pres5t4 ,! s]mon 0 confus$4 ,no subject c\ld be trac$ t b\nd x toge!r1 & made a po9t ( union to :i* ! memory might cl+4 ,_h he n read 8 text no "o c\ld h guess$ x4 ,x 0 a mo/ impressive w>n+ ( ! necessity ( lay+ a f\ndation be=e erect+ a magnific5t /ructure4 ,_h he adh]$ to ! ?\ghts express$ 9 8 text1 :i* 0 "o ( ! ri*e/ 9 ! ,scriptures1 8 eloqu5ce & p[] w\ld n h be5 ?r[n away4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,plan--,,?\ght-,,ga!r+--,,arrang+--,,co mmitt+4 ,! logical ord] ( s]mon prep>ation is1 fir/1 to ga!r ! mat]ials ( :i* x is compos$2 second1 to select :at is mo/ fitt+1 & arrange ! :ole into p]fect ord]2 ?ird1 to fix ?is 9 ! m9d1 ?us mak+ x available at ! mom5t ( use4 ,^! processes are n necess>ily sep>at$ 9 practice1 b may be be/ consid]$ 9 ! ord] indicat$4 ,:5 we *oose a subject = a s]mon1 & all[ ! m9d to dwell ^u x1 x becomes a c5tre ( attraction1 & naturally draws all k9dr$ ideas t[>d x4 ,old memories t h become dim 9 ! lapse ( "t1 are sl[ly hunt$ out & gr\p$ ar\nd ! p>5t ?\ght1 & ea* h\r ( /udy adds to ! ri*ness & v>iety ( our /ores4 ,! relations betwe5 diff]5t & app>5tly widely-sep>at$ ?+s become visible1 j z new />s are se5 :5 we gaze int5tly t[>d !m4 ,ev]y?+ t ! m9d possesses is subject$ to a rigid scrut9y1 & all t appe>s to be> any relation to ! subject is br\ght into view4 ,a consid]able p]iod ( "t is usually requir$ = ! completion ( all ?is1 & ! long] x is cont9u$ ! bett]1 provid$ ! int]e/ felt is n abat$4 ,su* cont9u\s rea*es ( ?\ght =m a pr9cipal elem5t 9 ! sup]iority ( "o m9d ov] ano!r4 ,ev5 ! mightie/ g5ius _c1 at a s+le impulse1 exhau/ ! ocean ( tru? t op5s ar\nd e object ( man's contemplation4 ,& x is only by view+ a subject 9 e aspect1 t we c gu>d aga9/ sup]ficial & "o-sid$ impressions4 ,b ! cont9u$ ex]tion & toil :i* ?is implies are ne>ly always di/a/eful1 & ! majority ( m5 c accompli% x only by a /]n resolve4 ,?is ability1 :e!r acquir$ or natural1 is "o ( prime necessity1 & ! "y m9i/]1 at ! v fir/1 %\ld le>n to ?or\ghly inve/igate & f9i% e subject he und]takes1 & cont9ue ! habit dur+ life4 ,?is w g5]ally det]m9e ! "q ( 8 success or failure1 at lea/ f an intellectual po9t ( view4 ,?\ght is a mighty ar*itect1 & if y keep him fully employ$1 he w build up1 ) sl[ & measur$ /rokes1 a gorge\s & endur+ edifice on any subject )9 y\r m5tal range4 ,y may we>y ( 8 labor1 & ?9k ! wall rises v sl[ly1 & w nev] be complet$1 b wait4 ,! "w w be f9i%$ at la/1 & w be no ephem]al /ructure to be swept away by ! fir/ /orm1 b w /& un%ak5 on ! basis ( et]nal tru?4 ,m4 ,bauta9 comp>es ! accumulation ( ?\ght ar\nd a subject1 to ! almo/ imp]ceptible developm5t ( organic life4 ,/rik+ z is ! illu/ration1 !re is "o m>k$ po9t ( dissimil>ity4 ,! gr[? ( ?\ght is volunt>y1 & may be arre/$ at any /age4 ,ev5 a cessation ( consci\s ef=t is fatal4 ,to prev5t ?is1 & keep ! m9d employ$ until all its "w is done1 requires1 ) mo/ p]sons1 a regul> & =mal sy/em4 ,pr(\nd ?9k]s1 :o take up a subject1 & _c leave x until x is trac$ into all its relations1 & ma/]$ 9 e "p1 & :o h at ! same "t ! p[] ( long rememb]+ ! tra9s ( ?\ght t pass ?r\gh _! m9ds1 may n ne$ an artificial me?od4 ,b ^! are exceptions to ! g5]al rule4 ,we w give a me?od we h f\nd useful = secur+ s]mon mat]ials1 & all[ o!rs to adopt x s f> z x may prove advantage\s to !m4 ,ideas are n always kept equally 9 view4 ,sometimes we may see "o ) great cle>ness1 & aft] a little "t lose x aga91 :ile ano!r1 at fir/ invisible1 comes into sight4 ,ea* "o %\ld be secur$ :5 x occurs4 ,aft] ! subject has be5 pond]$ = a suffici5t l5g? ( "t1 write all ! ?\ghts t are sugge/$ on x1 tak+ no c>e = ! arrangem5t1 b only putt+ d[n a ^w or brief s5t5ce t w recall ! idea int5d$4 ,aft] ev]y?+ t pres5ts itself has ?us be5 r5d]$ p]man5t1 ! pap] conta9+ ^! items may be put away1 & ! subject recommitt$ to ! m9d4 ,z o!r ideas arise1 let !m be record$ 9 ! same way1 & ! process ext5d$ ov] days toge!r4 ,sometimes new images & conceptions w cont9ue to float into ! m5tal horizon ev5 = weeks4 ,mo/ p]sons :o h n tri$ ?is simple process1 w be surpris$ to f9d h[ _m ?\ghts !y h on ! commone/ topic4 ,if "s ( ?is ga!r$ matt] rema9s vague & indef9ite1 x w only be necess>y to give x m "t1 m e>ne/ ?\ght1 & all obscurity w vani%4 ,at la/1 !re comes a consci\sness t ! m9d's p[] on t !me is exhau/$4 ,if we also feel t we possess all ! requisite mat]ial1 ?is "p ( our "w is end$4 ,b m frequ5tly !re w be a s5se ( incomplet5ess1 & we are driv5 to seek :at we ne$ else:]e4 ,! next /ep is ! obta9+ ( new facts4 ,we h ?us f> dealt ) :at ! m9d itself possesses1 & h only s\ght to make t previ\sly-accumulat$ k fully available4 ,b :5 ?is /age is rea*$1 we hung] = m ext5d$ in=mation4 ,we read ! works ( ^? :o h treat$ on ! !mes we are discuss+1 conv]se ) well-in=m$ p]sons1 obs]ve ! _w closely1 & at la/ f9d ! v idea we want4 ,we receive x ) joy1 & f !nce=? x becomes a "p ( our be+4 ,we place ! treasure on pap] ) o!r items1 & cont9ue to se>* until we h all we desire4 ,x (t5 happ5s t we d n f9d exactly ! object ( our se>*1 b /rike on "s *a9 t guides u to x ?r\gh ! subtile pr9ciples ( association4 ,x is only ! m welcome because we h ?us trac$ x out4 ,we h on pap]1 at la/1 & (t5 aft] mu* toil1 a numb] ( confus$1 un>rang$ notes4 ,! :ole mass relates to ! subject1 b mu* is unfitt+1 & all requires1 by ano!r process1 to be ca/ into ord] & h>mony4 ,! fir/ /ep 9 ?is direction is to omit ev]y?+ n necess>y to ! purpose ( ! s]mon4 ,?is is a matt] ( great importance4 ,x has be5 said t ! pr9cipal diff]5ce betwe5 a wise man & a fool is1 t ! "o utt]s all 8 ?\ghts1 :ile ! o!r gives only 8 be/ to ! _w4 ,ne>ly e man has1 at times1 ?\ghts t w\ld pr(it mank9d1 & if ^! are c>efully select$ f ! pu]ilities by :i* !y may be surr\nd$1 ! result _c b be valuable4 ,& if ?is cauti\s selection be ne$$ on g5]al topics1 x is /ill m imp]ative 9 ! m9i/ry ( ! ,^w4 ,! prea*] mu/ bew>e ( giv+ any?+ repugnant to ! _s ( 8 mission4 ,& ! necessity ( a purpose runn+ ?r\gh 8 :ole disc\rse1 :i* we h be=e enl>g$ on1 compels him to /rike out ea* item at v>iance ) x4 ,x is well to c>efully read ov] our scatt]$ notes aft] ! f]vor ( composition has subsid$1 & erase all t are unfitt+4 ,sometimes ?is w leave v few ideas rema9+1 & we are oblig$ to se>* = o!rs to complete ! s]mon4 ,?is c be cont9u$ until we h ga!r$ a suffici5t mass ( cle>ly connect$ ?\ghts to accompli% ! object 9 view4 ,next foll[s ! task ( con/ruct+ ! plan = ! int5d$ s]mon4 ,unless ?is is well done1 success is impossible4 ,! mightie/ results are obta9$ 9 oratory by ! sl[ process ( words1 "o foll[+ ano!r4 ,ea* "o %\ld be> =w>d ! curr5t ( ?\ght 9 ! "r direction1 & be a help to all t foll[4 ,& z1 9 extempore spee*1 ^! words are giv5 =? on ! spur ( ! mom5t1 x becomes necess>y to s arrange t ! prop] ?\ght to be dissolv$ into words1 may always be pres5t$ to ! m9d at ! "r "t4 ,9 "s cases ?is disposition ( p>ts is q easy4 ,a c\rse indicat$ by ! v nature ( ! subject w spr+ into view1 & relieve u ( fur!r emb>rassm5t4 ,b (t5 ?is portion ( our task w require sev]e ?\ght4 ,_m diff]5t k9ds ( plans h be5 specifi$ by writ]s on ,homiletics4 ,we w be cont5t$ ) f\r divisions1 bas$ on ! mode ( con/ruction4 ,! fir/1 we may call ! n>rative me?od4 ,x is pr9cipally us$ :5 "s scripture hi/ory =ms ! basis ( ! s]mon4 ,9 x ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! plan are arrang$ accord+ to ! ord] ( "t1 except :5 "s p>ticul> reason1 borr[$ f ! o!r me?ods1 int]v5es4 ,:5 !re are few or none ( ^! portions :i* give x a composite "*1 ! developm5t proce$s ) all ! simplicity ( a /ory4 ,_m beautiful s]mons h be5 ?us con/ruct$4 ,a second me?od is ! textual4 ,ea* "p ( ! s]mon re/s on "s ( ! words or clauses ( ! text1 & ^! sugge/ ! ord] ( its unfold+1 al?\gh !y may be *ang$ to make x correspond m ne>ly to ! n>rative1 or ! logical me?ods4 ,?is k9d ( plan has an obvi\s advantage 9 assi/+ ! memory by sugge/+ ea* "p at ! prop] "t4 ,! logical me?od is ! ?ird we w describe4 ,a topic is tak51 & )\t ref]5ce to ! ord] ( "t or ! words ( ! text1 is unfold$ z a proposition 9 ,geometry--ea* ?\ght be+ prelim9>y to t :i* foll[s1 & ! :ole end+ 9 ! demon/ration ( "s great tru?1 & ! d$uction ( its legitimate coroll>ies4 ,?is me?od is exce$+ly valuable 9 _m cases1 if n press$ too f>4 ,! la/ me?od1 & ! "o employ$ m frequ5tly ?an all ! o!rs1 is ! divisional4 ,x is ! milit>y arrangem5t1 = 9 x ! :ole s]mon is organiz$ l an army4 ,all ! deta*$ items are br\ght into relat$ gr\ps1 ea* gov]n$ by a pr9cipal ?\ght1 & ^! aga9 are held 9 /rict subord9ation to ! supreme idea2 or1 to *ange ! figure1 ! entire mass resembles a tree1 ) its s+le trunk1 its bran*es subdivid$ into small] ones1 & all cov]$ ) a beautiful robe ( leaves1 t r\nds its =m into graceful outl9es1 ev5 z ! fl[ ( words h>monizes our prep>$ ?\ghts1 into ! unity ( a liv+ disc\rse4 ,a subject w _m times arrange itself almo/ spontane\sly into sev]al diff]5t p>ts1 :i* ?us =m ! prop] divisions1 & ^! aga9 may be easily analyz$ into _! subdivisions4 ,ev5 :5 ?is is n ! case1 we w see1 z we exam9e our jott+s1 t a few ( ! ideas /& out 9 especial prom95ce1 & ) a little close /udy ( relations & aff9ities1 all ! o!rs may be made to gr\p !mselves ar\nd ^!4 ,! individual ideas :i* we put d[n on ! fir/ /udy ( ! subject1 usually =m ! subdivisions1 & "s g5]alization ( !m ! divisions4 ,x is well n to make ! bran*es ( a subject too num]\s1 or !y w introduce confusion1 & fail to be rememb]$4 ,f two to f\r divisions1 ) two or ?ree subdivisions "u ea*1 are 9 a majority ( cases bett] ?an a l>g] numb]4 ,! t5d5cy to multiply !m almo/ inf9itely1 :i* 0 =m]ly v preval5t1 & is /ill too common1 receives a m]ciless1 b well-des]v$ rebuke f ,/eph5s1 9 8 8,prea*+ ,requir$ by ! ,times40 ,he is criticis+ a popul> 8,prea*]'s ,manual03 8,^! m ?an six hundr$ pages are devot$ exclusively to ! te*nicalities ( s]moniz+4 ,we almo/ p]spire z we trace d[n ! tables ( cont5ts4 ,our eye is arre/$ by ! #8divisions' ( a subject--& "h we h no less ?an #8n9e k9ds ( divisions3' ! #8,exegetical ,division1' ! #8,accommodational ,division1' ! #8,regul> ,division1' ! #8,int]rogative ,division1' ! #8,obs]vational ,division1' ! #8,propositional ,division1' etc42 & !n come ! #8,rise f ,species to ,g5us1' ! #8,desc5t f ,g5us to ,species4' ,& !n aga9 we h exordiums3 #8,n>rative ,exordiums1' #8,expository ,exordiums1' #8,argum5tative ,exordiums1' #8,obs]vational ,exordiums1' #8,applicatory ,exordiums1' #8,topical ,exordiums1' &1 alas = u6 ev5 #8,extra-,topical ,exordiums4' ,"o's ?\ghts turn away f a sc5e l ?is spontane\sly to ! ,litany1 & qu]y if !re %\ld n be a new pray] !re4 8,b ?is is n all4 ,"h are ab\t ?irty /ubborn pages to tell y h[ to make a comm5t on y\r text1 & we h ! #8,eulogi/ic ,comm5t' & ! #8,dislogi/ic ,comm5t1' 7turn to y\r diction>y1 read]2 we _c /op 9 ! race to def9e71 #8,argum5tative ,comm5t' & ! #8,contemplative ,comm5t1' ! #8,hyp]bolical ,comm5t1' ! #8,int]rogative ,comm5t1' & ! li/ tap]s (f at la/ ) :at x ought to h begun & end$ )1 ! #8,expository ,comm5t4' 8,& ev5 ?is is n all4 ,"h is a section on ! #8,diff]5t k9ds ( ,address1' & behold ! a/ute analysis3 #8,! ,appellatory1 ! ,entreat+1 ! ,expo/ulatory1 ! ,rem$ial1 ! ,directive1 ! ,enc\rag+1 ! ,consol+1 ! ,elevat+1 ! ,al>m+1 ! ,t5d]1 ! ,indignant1 ! ,abrupt4' 8,?is is ! way t ! art #8,homiletic' w\ld tea* u :5 & h[ to be #8,t5d]1' #8,indignant1' #8,consol+1' & ev5 #8,abrupt6' #8,nons5se6' 8,yes1 #8nons5se6' says any man ( good s5se 9 look+ at ?is folly3 a folly :i* w\ld be less lam5table if x c\ld only be kept to ! homiletic pr(essor's *air1 b :i* has /ill an almo/ *>act]i/ic effect on pulpit eloqu5ce--n only on ! =m ( ! s]mon1 b z a natural consequ5ce on its v animus4 ,?is tireless au?or gives all ^! outl9es z practical prescriptions4 ,he ev5 pres5ts !m 9 a precise =mula4 ,we mu/ yield to ! temptation to quote x4 #8,!re are1' he says1 #8c]ta9 te*nical signs employ$ to di/+ui% ! sev]al p>ts ( a disc\rse4 ,! fir/ class consi/s ( ! pr9cipal divisions1 m>k$ 9 ,roman lett]s1 ?us3 ,i41 ,,ii41 ,,iii41 ,,iv41 etc4 ,next1 ! subdivisions ( ! fir/ class1 9 figures1 #a1 #b1 #c1 etc4 ,"u ^!1 subdivisions ( ! second class1 m>k$ ) a curve on ! "r1 z #a71 #b71 #c71 etc4 ,!n1 subdivisions ( ! ?ird class1 m>k$ ) two curves1 z 7#a71 7#b71 7#c71 etc42 & "u ^!1 subdivisions ( ! f\r? class1 9 crot*ets1 ?us3 #a1 #b1 #c4 ,z-- 8,i4 ,pr9cipal division4 #a4 ,subdivision ( fir/ class4 #a74 ,subdivision ( second class4 7#a74 ,subdivision ( ?ird class4 #a4 ,subdivision ( f\r? class4 8,ma!matical ?is1 c]ta9ly2 "s ( ,euclid's problems are pla9]4 ,z a #8demon/ration' is obvi\sly necess>y1 ! au?or proce$s to give ! outl9e ( a s]mon on #8,! ,div]sity ( ,m9i/]ial ,gifts1' f ! text #8,n[ !re are ,div]sities ( ,gifts1' etc4 ,he has b two #8,g5]al ,divisions1' b makes up = _! paucity by a g5]\s all[ance ( #8,subdivisions4' ,8 #8,g5]al ,divisions' are1 ,i4 ,exemplify ! ,tru? ( ! ,text4 ,,ii4 ,d]ive "s ,lessons ( ,in/ruction1 etc41--an arrangem5t simple & suitable en\gh = any popul> audi5ce1 if he 7 cont5t ) x1 b "u ! fir/ head he has two #8subdivisions1' ! fir/ ( :i* is r$uc$ to ?irte5 sub-subdivisions1 & "o ( ^! ?irte5 aga9 to sev5 sub-sub-subdivisions6 ,! second ( 8 subdivisions aga9 divid$ into eight sub-subdivisions1 :ile ! #8homily' 7alas = ! "n67 is complet$ by a m]ciless sla%+ ( ! second #8g5]al division' into no less ?an eight subdivisions4 ,! hone/ au?or1 :5 he takes brea? at ! end1 seems to h "s compuncti\s misgiv+s ab\t ?is inf9itesimal m9c+ ( a noble !me1 & rem9ds ! amaz$ /ud5t t ?\gh ! plan %\ld be foll[$ #89 ! composition ( a s]mon1' ! #8m9or divisions' c be conceal$ f view 9 prea*+2 & he concludes ! m$ley ( nons5se ) "o s5sible & v timely admonition3 #8,if a disc\rse conta9 a consid]able numb] ( divisions & subdivisions1' c>e %\ld be tak5 to fill up ! respective p>ts ) suitable matt]1 or x w be1 inde$1 a m]e skeleton--bones /rung toge!r--#8v _m & v dry6'0 ,:5 we h accumulat$ our mat]ials1 /rick5 out all n ne$$1 & det]m9$ :at %all be ! "* ( our plan1 ! rema9d] ( ! "w mu/ be left to individual ta/e & judgm5t4 ,no rules c be giv5 t w meet e case4 ,we might direct to put fir/ :at is mo/ easily compreh5d$1 :at is necess>y = und]/&+ o!r portions1 & also :at is lea/ likely to be disput$4 ,b beyond ^! obvi\s directions little aid c be giv54 ,! prea*] mu/ =m 8 own ideal1 & "w up to x4 ,he may pr(itably exam9e s]mon skeletons1 to le>n :at su* =ms %\ld be4 ,& :5 he he>s good disc\rses he may look b5ea? ! burn+ words1 & see :at are ! m]its ( ! frame-"w on :i* !y re/4 ,?is may r5d] him dissatisfi$ ) 8 own a*ievem5ts1 b su* dissatisfaction is ! be/ pl$ge ( e>ne/ ef=t = high] results4 ,a c]ta9 means ( improvem5t is to be/[ a great deal ( "t & ?\ght on ! =mation ( plans1 & make no disposition ( any "p )\t a satisfactory reason4 ,if ?is c\rse is fai?fully cont9u$1 ! p[] to arrange prop]ly w be acquir$1 & firm1 coh]5t1 & logical s]mons be con/ruct$4 ,!re are c]ta9 *>act]i/ics t ea* s]mon skeleton %\ld possess4 ,x mu/ indicate ! nature ( ! disc\rse1 & m>k out ea* ( its /eps ) accuracy4 ,any want ( def9it5ess is a fatal defect4 ,! orator mu/ feel t he c rely absolutely on x = guidance to ! end ( 8 disc\rse1 or be 9 p]petual dang] ( emb>rassm5t & confusion4 ,ea* clause %\ld express a di/9ct idea1 & b "o4 ,if x conta9 any?+ t is includ$ "u ano!r head1 we fall into we>isome repetition1 ! great dang] ( extempore prea*]s4 ,b if discordant & disconnect$ ?\ghts are gr\p$ toge!r1 we are liable to =get "s ( !m1 & 9 return+1 de/roy ! ord] ( ! s]mon4 ,a brief plan is bett] ?an a long "o4 ,(t5 a s+le ^w w recall an idea z p]fectly z _m s5t5ces w\ld d1 & w burd5 ! memory less4 ,we d n expect ! draft ( a h\se to equal ! build+ 9 size1 b only to indicate ! position & proportion ( its ap>tm5ts4 ,! plan _c supply ! ?\ght1 b1 indicat+ :at exi/s 9 ! m9d1 x %[s h[ to br+ x =? 9 regul> ord]4 ,x is a pa?way lead+ to a def9ite end1 & l all roads1 its cr[n+ m]its are directness & smoo?ness4 ,)\t ^!1 x w p]plex & h9d] r ?an aid4 ,e ^w 9 ! plan %\ld express1 or assi/ 9 express+ an idea1 & be s firmly b\nd to x t ! two _c be sep>at$ by any exig5cy ( spee*4 ,x is p]plex+ 9 ! heat ( disc\rse to h a prep>$ note lose ! idea atta*$ to x1 & become m]ely an empty ^w4 ,b if ! conception is cle>1 & ! mo/ fitt+ t]m has be5 *os5 to embody x1 ?is _c easily happ54 ,a famili> idea may be not$ v briefly1 :ile "o t is new requires to be m fully express$4 ,mo/ s]mon skeletons may be br\ght )9 ! compass ( a hundr$ words1 & e "p be cle> to ! m9d t conceiv$ x1 ?\gh1 p]haps n compreh5sible by any o!r4 ,x is n always be/ to pres5t ! divisions & subdivisions 9 prea*+4 ,! congregation d n c>e h[ a s]mon has be5 con/ruct$1 provid$ x comes to !m w>m & pulsat+ ) life4 ,to give ! plan ( a s]mon be=e ! s]mon itself1 is contr>y to ! analogy ( nature4 ,%e does n require u to look ^u a grisly skeleton be=e we c see a liv+ body4 ,x is no less objectionable to "n ! p>ts & numb]s ( ! sket* dur+ ! disc\rse1 = bones t project ?r\gh ! sk9 are v uncomely4 ,! p w n suff]1 if we keep all ! divisions to ourselves1 = !y are only pr(essional devices to r5d] our %>e ( ! "w easi]4 ,mu* ( ! prov]bial 8dryness0 ( s]mons arises f display+ all ! processes we employ4 ,a hotel t w\ld h its beef kill$ & dress$ be=e its gue/s at d9n]1 w\ld n be likely to reta9 its patronage4 ,:5ev] we he> a m9i/] /ate 8 plan 9 full1 & take up 8fir/ly0 & ann\nce ! subdivisions "u x1 we prep>e our pati5ce = a sev]e te/4 ,:at ! p ne$1 are deep1 /rong appeals to _! he>ts1 ?r\gh :i* %9es ! lightn+ ( great tru?s1 & ! sword ( ,god's _s smites--n dry1 dull divisions ?r\gh :i* 8x is easy to foll[ ! prea*]0--a complim5t (t5 giv51 b always equivocal4 ,a tree is f> m beautiful :5 cov]$ ) wav+ foliage1 ev5 if "s ( ! bran*es are hidd54 ,let ! /ream ( eloqu5ce sweep on 9 an unbrok5 fl[1 be>+ ) x all he>ts1 b giv+ no indication ( ! mann] 9 :i* x is guid$2 or1 bett] /ill1 let x move ) ! impetus ( ! cannon ball1 ov]?r[+ ev]y?+ 9 its pa?1 b n proclaim+ 9 advance ! m>k t[>d :i* x is fly+6 ,we %\ld g z f> 9 ! plan z we int5d to d 9 ! s]mon1 & "k j :]e to /op4 ,!n we arise ) confid5ce1 = we are sure t we h some?+ to say2 we "k :at x is2 & mo/ important ( all1 we w "k :5 x is f9i%$4 ,mo/ objections aga9/ extempore prea*+ apply only to disc\rses t h no gov]n+ plan4 ,:5 ?is is firm & cle>1 !re is no m dang] ( say+ :at we d n int5d1 or ( runn+ into endless digressions1 ?an if we wrote e ^w4 ,inde$ !re is no bett] way to compose a writt5 s]mon1 ?an by fir/ arrang+ a plan4 ,b x may be urg$ t ?is labori\s prep>ation--?is c>eful plac+ ( e ?\ght--w require z mu* "t z to write 9 full4 ,x may at fir/4 ,! m9d ne$s to be tra9$ 9 ! "w1 & x w be ( great advantage ev5 z a m5tal discipl9e4 ,b x gr[s easi] ) practice1 until ! prep>ation ( two s]mons a week w n be felt z a burd5--w only af=d grateful topics ( ?\ght :ile busi$ at o!r labor4 ,! direct toil ( a mature prea*] may n exce$ an h\r p] week4 ,! s]mon is n[ cle>ly indicat$4 ,a plan has be5 prep>$ t fixes ea* ?\ght to be express$ 9 its prop] place4 ,!re is no fur!r dang] ( ! loos5ess & desultor9ess t are n unfrequ5tly suppos$ to be peculi> to extemporane\s spee*4 ,x is possible1 9 ! mom5t ( utt]ance1 to leave ! beat5 track1 & give expression to any new ideas t may be sugge/$4 ,b !re is a sure f\ndation laid--a c\rse m>k$ out t has be5 deeply prem$itat$1 & :i* gives c]ta9ty to all we say4 ,b x is n en\gh to h ! plan on pap]4 ,z x came f ! m9d at fir/ 9 deta*$ items1 x mu/1 9 its complet$ /ate1 be re/or$ to x aga94 ,"s m9i/]s are n will+ to take ! tr\ble ( committ+ _! skeletons to memory1 b lay ! pap] be=e !m1 & speak on "o po9t until t is exhau/$1 & !n look up ! next1 :i* is treat$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,?is t5ds p[]fully to impair ! unity ( ! disc\rse1 :i* %\ld he unbrok51 & to make ea* note ! !me ( a %ort1 indep5d5t diss]tation1 r ?an an integral "p ( ! :ole4 ,! m9i/] rea*es a po9t :]e he does n "k :at is to come next1 & on ! br9k ( t gulf looks d[n at 8 notes1 & aft] a se>*1 p]haps f9ds :at he wants4 ,_h ?is latt] ?\ght exi/$ 9 8 m9d1 x w\ld h be5 tak5 notice ( 9 "t1 & ! close ( ! prec$+ "o b5t into h>mony ) x4 ,! direct address ( ! prea*] to ! p1 :i* !y value s mu*1 is int]f]$ ) 9 ! same way1 = 8 eye mu/ re/1 "p ( ! "t1 on 8 notes4 ,! divisions also ( ! s]mon are apt to be m5tion$1 = x is h>d = ! tongue to refra9 f pron\nc+ ! words t ! eye is glanc+ ov]4 ,= all ^! reasons we believe t notes %\ld seldom1 if ev]1 be us$ 9 ! pulpit4 ,!y rem$y none ( ! ackn[l$g$ defects ( extempore speak+1 b add to !m ! coldness & =mality ( read+4 ,^? :o _c tru/ ! m9d alone _h bett] g fur!r1 & read _! s]mons ) :at e>ne/ness !y c comm&1 & ?us secure ! elegant f9i% suppos$ to be atta9able only 9 writt5 compositions4 ,b n all :o use notes ?us abuse !m4 ,_m employ !m m]ely to prev5t possible =getfulness1 & p]haps d n look at !m once dur+ ! s]mon4 ,yet x is /ill bett] to c>ry !m 9 ! pocket1 & ?us avoid ! appe>ance ( s]vile dep5d5ce1 :ile !y w\ld /ill gu>d aga9/ su* a mis=tune z befel ! ,abbe ,bauta91 :o1 on asc5d+ ! pulpit to prea* be=e ! ,fr5* k+ & c\rt1 f\nd t he _h =gott5 ! subject1 plan & text6 ,by committ+ ! plan to memory ! m9d takes possession ( ! :ole subject4 ,x is br\ght into "o view1 & if any "p is inconsi/5t ) ! ma9 discussion1 ! defect w be se5 at once4 ,if ! plan is prop]ly con/ruct$1 ! m9d is !n 9 ! be/ possible condition = spee*4 ,! object is fix$ 9 ! he>t1 & w fire x to e>ne/ness & zeal1 & ! subject is spread out be=e ! m9d's eye1 :ile ! two meet & m+le 9 su* a way z to give life & vitality to e "p4 ,?is is j :at is ne$$ 9 true prea*+4 ,! speak]'s s\l1 heat$ by ! contemplation ( 8 object1 p5etrates e "p ( 8 !me1 inve/+ x ) an int]e/ t compels att5tion4 ,all ! p[] he possesses is br\ght to be> directly on ! p4 ,we c sc>cely imag9e a great re=m]--"o :o has %ak5 ! nations--to h adopt$ any o!r me?od ( address4 ,?9k ( ,xavi] or ,lu!r ) _! notes spread out be=e !m1 :ile address+ ! multitudes :o hung on _! lips6 ,! ,presbyt]ian eld] :o once pray$ 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 note-us+ pa/or3 8,o ,"l6 tea* ?y s]vants to speak f ! he>t to ! he>t1 & n f a little piece ( pap]1 z ! mann] ( "s is60 0 n f> wrong4 ,x is well to commit ! plan to memory a consid]able "t be=e ent]+ ! pulpit4 ,!re is !n less liability ( =gett+ "s portion ( x1 & x takes m complete possession ( ! m9d4 ,?is is less important :5 we prea* on subjects ) :i* we are p]fectly famili>1 = !n 8out ( ! abundance ( ! he>t ! m\? speake?40 ,b we are n always s favor$4 ,ev5 if ! sali5t features are well kn[n1 "s ( ! m9or p>ts may require close consid]ation4 ,?is _c be s well be/[$ until aft] ! plan is completely prep>$1 = be=e t "t !re is dang] t mu* ( our att5tion may be giv5 to "s idea :i* may be ultimately reject$1 or *ang$ ) ! plan4 ,b :5 ! plan is f9i%$1 ea* idea has settl$ into its place4 ,if obscurity /ill re/s any:]e1 x w be se5 at once1 & ! /r5g? ( ! m9d br\ght to be> on t p>ticul> po9t4 ,! impressions !n made are easily reta9$1 because associat$ ) a "p ( ! prep>$ outl9e4 ,su* deep m$itation on ea* division ( ! s]mon c sc>cely fail to make x orig9al 9 ! true/ s5se ( ! t]m1 & weave x toge!r ) /rong & massive ?\ght4 ,aft] ! plan is committ$ to memory1 we c m$itate on its diff]5t portions1 n only at ! desk1 b ev]y:]e4 ,z we walk f place to place1 or lie on our b$s1 or at any "t f9d our m9ds free f o!r engagem5ts1 we c pond] ! ideas t clu/] ar\nd our subject until !y gr[ p]fectly famili>4 ,ev5 :5 we are read+1 brilliant ?\ghts may spr+ up1 or ^? we possess$ be=e take /rong] & m def9ite %ape4 ,?is c\rse we w\ld /rongly urge on ! "y speak]4 ,if dilig5tly foll[$1 x w be invaluable4 ,arrange ! plan f :i* to speak z cle>ly z may be1 & memorize x2 turn x ov] & ov] aga92 pond] ea* idea & ! mann] ( br++ x out2 /udy ! connection betwe5 all ! p>ts1 until ! :ole1 f beg9n+ to end1 appe>s p]fectly pla9 & simple4 ,?is me?od ( prep>ation has be5 s fully te/$ by exp]i5ce1 t its effectiv5ess is no long] que/ionable4 ,x is important to grasp ! :ole subject1 z ne>ly z possible1 9 a s+le idea--9 ! same way t ! future tree is compress$ 9 ! g]m f :i* x spr+s4 ,!n ?is "o ?\ght w sugge/ ! entire disc\rse to ! speak]1 & at its conclusion w be left cle> & positive on ! he>]'s m9d4 ,x is true t "s acute auditors may outrun a loose speak]1 arrange 8 scatt]$ fragm5ts1 supply 8 omissions1 & arrive at ! idea :i* has n yet =m$ itself 9 8 own m9d4 ,su* p]sons (t5 comm5d prea*]s :o are incompreh5sible to ! majority ( _! audi5ce4 ,b x is n safe to tru/ _! applause = !y are exce$+ly apt to be 9 ! m9ority4 ,aft] ! plan is memoriz$1 x is (t5 ( advantage to sket* ! disc\rse 9 full2 if ?is is done 9 long h&1 !re is dang] t its sl[ness w make x m ( a ^w-/udy ?an :at x is int5d$ to be--a te/ ( ideas4 ,"h %ort h& is valuable2 & its use 9 ?is mann] w at once detect any?+ t may be wrong 9 ! plan1 = if all is well arrang$ !re ne$ be no pause 9 ! mo/ rapid composition4 ,if we are able at "o ef=t to ?r[ ! :ole into a dress ( words1 we c be confid5t t ) ! additional /imulus suppli$ by ! pres5ce ( a congregation1 x w be easy to d ! same aga94 ,!re %\ld be no attempt1 at ! "t ( speak+1 to recall ! t]ms us$ 9 writ+1 b our comm& ( language is usually improv$ by hav+ s lately us$ _m ( ! t]ms we w ne$ aga94 ,frequ5tly !re are f9e passages 9 ! s]mons ?us /ruck (f at :ite heat :i* we w\ld n will+ly =get1 yet x is bett] to make no ef=t to rememb] !m1 = we are almo/ c]ta9 to rise ev5 high] 9 ! excitem5t ( spee*4 ,^? :o _c write at a spe$ approa*+ t ( ! tongue1 & :o wi% a little m assi/ance ?an is furni%$ by ! plan1 c make a brief sket* ( x--a compact & intelligible model ( ! :ole subject4 ,a disc\rse t requires an h\r 9 deliv]y may be compress$ into a wond]fully small compass1 )\t a mat]ial ?\ght be+ omitt$ or obscurely indicat$4 ,su* a sket* diff]s f ! plan 9 cle>ly express+ all ! ideas t und]lie ! disc\rse1 :ile ! latt] w\ld be un9telligible to any b ! writ]4 ,! "o is only a few m>ks ?r[n out into ! field ( ?\ght1 by :i* an int5d$ pa?way is indicat$2 ! o!r is an exce$+ly brief view ( ! ?\ghts !mselves1 )\t adornm5t or v]biage4 ,"s speak]s :o might feel insecure 9 tru/+ ! notes & h9ts ( ! plan1 w\ld feel free to enl>ge on a /atem5t ( _! ?\ghts1 s brief z to require only two or ?ree m9utes = read+4 ,b ?is is only an exp$i5t1 & ne$ n be adopt$ by ^? :o h confid5ce 9 _! tra9$ & cultivat$ p[]s4 ,! me?od ( committ+ to memory a skeleton = ! purpose ( secur+ our accumulations1 is widely diff]5t f ! sy/ems ( ,mnemonics t 7 once s curr5t4 ,ideas are l9k$ toge!r by natural1 n artificial associations4 ,x is ! grasp+ ( "o ?\ght t po9ts to ano!r1 or dissolves1 z we gaze ^u x1 into m9ut] ones1 & is1 9 mo/ in/ances1 bas$ ^u t rigid analysis :i* _c be disp5s$ ) ev5 by ^? :o w\ld ?9k exactly4 ,all :o write _! s]mons w\ld d well to adopt x4 ,/rict analysis & broad g5]alization are ! f\ndation ( all sci5ce1 & if ! prea*] builds ^u !m ! _w ( spiritual tru? w yield him its treasures4 ,aft] a plan has be5 fully prep>$ x may easily be pres]v$ = future use1 by be+ copi$ into a book kept = ! purpose1 or1 :at is m conv5i5t 9 practice1 fold$ into an envelope1 ) ! subject writt5 on ! back4 ,by ! latt] means a l>ge numb] may be pres]v$ 9 su* =m z to be readily consult$4 ,^! c be improv$ z our k increases1 s z to be1 at any "t1 ! complete expression ( our ability on ! !me treat$ (4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,prelim9>ies--,,fe>--,,vigor--,,op5+ ,,ex]cises4 ,x is an anxi\s mom5t :51 aft] hav+ complet$ 8 prep>ation1 ! prea*] awaits ! "t = beg9n+ 8 intellectual battle4 ,m5 :o are physically brave (t5 tremble 9 ?is em]g5cy4 ,! %ame ( failure appe>s worse ?an dea? itself1 & z ! soldi] feels m ( cold & %r9k+ t]ror :ile li/5+ = ! peal ( ! fir/ gun1 ?an :5 ! conflict deep5s into blood ar\nd him1 s ! speak] suff]s m 9 ?is mom5t ( expectancy ?an 9 any t comes aft]4 ,he sees ! dang] 9 its full magnitude )\t ! inspiration t att5ds x4 ,yet he mu/ rema9 calm & collect$1 = unless he is ma/] ( himself1 he _c expect to rule ! multitude be=e him4 ,he mu/ keep 8 mat]ial well 9 h&1 t x may be us$ at ! prop] "t1 al?\gh x is n be/ to be cont9ually conn+ ov] :at he has to say4 ,! latt] w\ld de/roy ! fre%ness ( 8 matt]1 & br+ him to ! decisive te/ we>y & jad$4 ,he only ne$s to be assur$ t 8 ?\ghts are )9 rea*4 ,x is v seldom possible to bani% all fe>1 & x is to ! speak]'s advantage t he _c4 ,8 timidity arises f sev]al causes1 :i* diff] widely 9 ! effects !y produce4 ,a consci\s want ( prep>ation is "o ( ! mo/ di/ress+ ( ^!4 ,:5 ?is proce$s f willful neglect no pity ne$ be felt1 al?\gh ! p5alty %\ld be sev]e4 ,if ! speak]'s object is only to w9 reputation--to p&] to 8 own vanity--he w feel m t]rifi$ ?an if 8 motive 7 wor?y4 ,su* is (t5 ! position ( ! uncall$ m9i/]4 ,he c h no help f on high1 & all 8 pray]s = div9e assi/ance are a m]e mock]y4 ,b if we speak because we d>e n refra91 a mighty po9t is ga9$1 = !n failure is no reproa*4 ,& ! less ( e>?ly pride or ambition m+les ) our motives1 ! m completely c we rely on ! help ( ! ,_s4 ,ano!r cause ( fe> is less unwor?y4 ,! glori\s "w 9 :i* we are engag$ may suff] f our insuffici5cy2 =1 :ile ,god w bless ! tru? :5 giv5 9 its own beauty & p[]1 !re is /ill scope en\gh = all ! vigor ( intellect1 & ! /ronge/ prea*] feels ! responsibility ( rightly us+ 8 p[]s re/+ heavily ^u him4 ,a g5]al dread1 t _c be analyz$ or acc\nt$ =1 is p]haps m ke5ly felt ?an any o!r4 ,p]sons :o h nev] spok5 sometimes make light ( x1 b no "o w ev] d s :o has exp]i5c$ x4 ,! soldi]1 :o has nev] witness$ a battle1 or felt ! air ?rob ) ! explosion ( cannon1 or he>d ! awful cries ( ! w\nd$1 is (t5 a great bragg>t1 :ile 8! sc>r$ vet]an ( a hundr$ fights0 nev] speaks ( ! c>nival ( blood )\t %udd]+1 & w\ld be ! la/1 b = ! call ( duty1 to brave ! dang] he kn[s s well4 ,a few speak]s nev] feel su* fe>1 b x is because !y d n "k :at true speak+ is4 ,!y h nev] felt ! full tide ( inspiration t sometimes lifts ! orator f> above 8 ord9>y conceptions4 ,!y only come =w>d to relieve !mselves ( ! int]m9able /ream ( twaddle t wells spontane\sly to _! lips1 & c well be sp>$ ! pangs t prec$e ! bir? ( a pr(\nd & liv+ disc\rse4 ,?is k9d ( fe> belongs to oratory ( any "*1 b especially to t :i* deals ) sacr$ !mes4 ,x resembles ! awe felt on ! eve ( all great ent]prises1 & :5 excessive1 z x is 9 "s highly gift$ & s5sitive m9ds1 x con/itutes an absolute b> to public spee*4 ,b 9 mo/ cases x is a s\rce ( inspiration r ?an ( repression4 ,!re is a /range s5sation (t5 exp]i5c$ 9 ! pres5ce ( an audi5ce be=e speak+4 ,x may proce$ f ! unit$ electric influ5ce ( ! _m eyes t are turn$ ^u ! speak]1 especially if he cat*es _! gaze4 ,x may en*a9 him & leave him p[]less1 unless he rises sup]ior to x1 &1 ?r[+ x backw>d to its s\rce1 makes x ! m$ium ( 8 mo/ subtile conque/s4 ,mo/ speak]s h felt ?is 9 a nameless ?rill1 a real some?+1 p]vad+ ! atmosph]e1 tangible1 evanesc5t1 indescribable4 ,all writ]s h borne te/imony to ! effect ( a speak]'s glance 9 impress+ an audi5ce4 ,:y %\ld n _! eyes h a reciprocal p[]8 ,by dwell+ on ! object = :i* we speak1 & endeavor+ to realize its full importance1 we w 9 a measure lose sight ( ! dang] to be incurr$1 & our m9ds be m likely to rema9 9 a calm & tranquil /ate4 ,b no res\rce is equal to ! sov]eign "o ( pray]4 ,! ,"l w rememb] 8 s]vants :5 !y are labor+ 9 8 cause1 & grant a div9e influ5ce to prep>e !m = ! "w4 ,no *ange 9 ! plan %\ld be made j be=e speak+1 = x w almo/ inevitably produce confusion4 ,yet ?is error is v difficult to avoid4 ,! m9d has a natural t5d5cy to be go+ ov] ! same gr\nd1 revis+ & te/+ e po9t1 & is liable to make *anges1 ! consequ5ces ( :i* _c at once be =ese54 ,aft] all necess>y prep>ation has be5 made1 we %\ld wait ! result quietly & hopefully4 ,ov]-/udy is possible1 & :5 accompani$ by great solicitude1 is a sure means ( driv+ away all int]e/ f ! subject4 ,if ! eye be fix$ too long ^u "o object1 ) a /eadfa/ gaze1 x w be unable to see at all4 ,s ! m9d1 if conf9$ to "o po9t = a great p]iod1 w lose its vivacity1 & gr[ we>y4 ,no?+ c comp5sate = ! want ( ela/icity & vigor 9 ! act ( deliv]y4 ,x is n en\gh to enum]ate a dry li/ ( p>ticul>s1 b we mu/ ent] into _! _s ) ! deepe/ int]e/4 ,?is _c be c\nt]feit$4 ,to cle>ly arrange1 & weigh e ?\ght t belongs to ! subject1 lay x aside until ! "t = spee*1 & !n ent] ^u x ) only su* a mom5t>y glance z w assure u t all is "r1 is d\btless ! me?od to make our /r5g? fully available4 ,to await ! decisive mom5t ) calm self-confid5ce1 is v difficult1 especially = beg9n]s1 b ! ability to d x may be acquir$ by judici\s practice & firm resolution4 ,m4 ,bauta91 ^: exp]i5ce 0 v ext5sive1 says t he has sometimes felt s confid5t ( 8 prep>ation1 z to fall asleep :ile wait+ to be summon$ to ! pulpit6 ,b ^? :o misimprove ! la/ mom5ts by too mu* ?\ght1 =m ! smalle/ class4 ,_m1 ?r\gh m]e indol5ce1 p]mit ! f9] l9es ( ! future disc\rse1 t h be5 trac$ ) s mu* c>e1 to fade out4 ,?is n unfrequ5tly happ5s to ^? :o prea* a second or ?ird "t on ! same subject4 ,because !y h succe$$ once1 !y imag9e t ! same success is always at comm&4 ,?is is a hurtful1 ?\gh natural error4 ,x is n en\gh to h ! mat]ial = a s]mon :]e x may be collect$ by a consci\s & prolong$ ef=t1 b x mu/ be 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,!re is no "t1 9 ! mom5t ( deliv]y1 = reviv+ half oblit]at$ l9es ( memory4 ,we once witness$ an in/ance ( mo/ unexpect$ failure f ?is cause4 ,! speak] 0 mu* engross$ ) o!r duties until ! appo9t$ h\r1 & !n1 hav+ no leisure = prep>ation1 he select$ a s]mon he _h prea*$ %ortly be=e1 & ) ! g5]al c\rse ( :i* he 0 no d\bt famili>4 ,yet :5 he endeavor$ to produce 8 ?\ghts !y 7 n ready4 ,he became emb>rass$1 & 0 f9ally compell$ to take 8 seat 9 ! mid/ ( 8 int5d$ disc\rse4 ,x is well1 dur+ ! la/ int]val1 to c>e = ! /r5g? ( ! body1 = its condition w influ5ce all ! manife/ations ( m9d4 ,x is said t ! pe>l-div]1 be=e v5tur+ into ! dep?s ( ! sea1 always sp5ds a few mom5ts 9 deep brea?+1 & o!r bodily prep>ation4 ,9 ! excitem5t ( spee*1 ! :irl & hurricane ( emotion1 x is necess>y t our physical condition %\ld be su* z to be> all ! t5sion put ^u x4 ,m5tal excitem5t we>s d[n ! body fa/] ?an muscul> labor4 ,to meet all its dem&s we mu/ res]ve our /r5g? = ! "t x is ne$$2 = any illness w op]ate z a direct r$uction ( ! orator's p[]1 & he mu/ n hope1 "u its influ5ce1 to realize full success4 ,holyoake makes ! foll[+ p]t95t obs]vations 9 ref]5ce to ?is po9t3 8,p]haps ! l[e/ quality ( ! art ( oratory1 b "o on _m occasions ( ! fir/ importance1 is a c]ta9 robu/ & radiant physical heal?2 great volumes ( animal heat4 ,9 ! cold ?9ness ( a morn+ audi5ce1 m]e en]gy & mell[ness is ine/imable2 wisdom & le>n+ w\ld be h>% & unwelcome comp>$ ) a sub/antial man1 :o is q a h\se-w>m+40 ,! picture pa9t$ 9 romances ( a speak] ) att5uat$ =m1 & trembl+ /ep1 sc>cely able to su/a9 8 own weight z he asc5ds ! plat=m1 b :o1 ! mom5t he op5s 8 lips1 becomes transfigur$ 9 ! blaze ( eloqu5ce1 is m poetical ?an natural4 ,let ! in/rum5t be 9 p]fect tune1 & !n c ! h& ( g5ius evoke f x sweet & ?rill+ music4 ,z ! "t = speak+ approa*es e fatigu+ ex]tion %\ld be avoid$4 ,9 ! 8,rudim5ts ( ,public ,speak+10 ,holyoake gives a passage f 8 own exp]i5ce :i* well illu/rates ?is3 8,"o ,saturday ,i walk$ f ,%effield to ,hudd]sfield to deliv] on ! ,sunday two anniv]s>y lectures4 ,x 0 my fir/ appe>ance !re1 & ,i 0 ambiti\s to acquit myself well4 ,b 9 ! morn+ ,i 0 utt]ly unable to d m ?an talk half inaudibly & q incoh]5tly4 ,9 ! ev5+ ,i 0 tol]able1 b my voice 0 weak4 ,my annoyance 0 excessive4 ,i 0 a p>adox to myself4 ,my p[] seem$ to come & g by "s ecc5tric law ( its own4 ,i did n f9d out till ye>s aft] t ! utt] exhau/ion ( my /r5g? _h exhau/$ ! p[]s ( spee* & ?\ght1 & t entire repose in/ead ( entire fatigue %\ld h be5 ! prep>ation = public speak+40 ,absolute re/ is n g5]ally advisable1 = !n ! prea*] w\ld ent] ! pulpit ) languid m9d & sl[ly beat+ pulse1 & w\ld require "s "t to ov]come ?is /ate4 ,a brisk walk1 :5 ! heal? is good1 w invigorate & refre% all 8 faculties1 & 9 "p prev5t ! feebl5ess & fa9tness ( a li/less introduction1 by enabl+ him to grasp ! :ole subject at once1 & laun* "r into ! he>t ( x4 ,%\ld any "o d\bt ! p[] ( ex]cise to produce ?is effect1 let him1 :5 p]plex$ ) difficult que/ions 9 8 /udy1 />t out ov] fields & hills1 & review ! matt] 9 ! op5 air4 ,if ! m9i/] _c secure ?is k9d ( ex]cise he may easily f9d a sub/itute4 ,if alone1 he c pace back & =?1 & sw+ 8 arms1 until ! circulation becomes brisk1 & p\rs a /ream ( art]ial blood to ! bra9 t w supply all its dem&s4 ,ano!r simple ex]cise w (t5 prove ( great advantage4 ,x is well kn[n t _m m9i/]s injure !mselves by speak+ too mu* f ! ?roat4 ,?is results f improp] brea?+--f elevat+ ! upp] "p ( ! *e/ in/ead ( press+ ! abdom5 d[nw>d & outw>d1 caus+ ! air to pass ?r\gh ! :ole l5g? ( ! lungs4 ,to brea! prop]ly is always important1 & does mu* to prev5t *e/ & ?roat diseases4 ,b x is wor?y ( ! mo/ c>eful att5tion on ! "p ( ! speak]1 = by x alone c he atta9 full compass & range ( voice4 ,b 9 animat$ extempore spee* !re is no "t to ?9k ( ! voice at all1 & ! only me?od possible is to make ! "r way s habitual t x w be adopt$ in/9ctively4 ,?is w be greatly promot$ if1 j be=e beg9n+ to speak1 we w brea! deeply a numb] ( times1 inflat+ ! lungs completely to _! extremities4 ,at ?is la/ h\r1 ! speak] mu/ n dwell ^u ! dang]s he is ab\t to enc\nt]1 or picture ! desirability ( escape f !m4 ,he has tak5 e precaution & made e prep>ation4 ,no?+ rema9s = him b to put 8 tru/ 9 ,god1 & bravely d 8 duty4 ,! ord] ( op5+ s]vices is diff]5t 9 ! diff]5t *ur*es1 b 9 all !y are ( great advantage to ! m9i/] by ov]com+ excessive timidity1 & giv+ an easy introduction to ! audi5ce4 ,! hymn1 or psalm1 is to be read1 :i* is n a v emb>rass+ task1 & 9 do+ x he becomes famili> ) ! s\nd ( 8 own voice4 ,yet x requires _m r>e qualities to read well4 ,good s5se & mode/y are ess5tial4 ,! !atric me?od1 sometimes admir$1 exagg]at+ e tone1 & p]=m+ /range acrobatic feats ( s\nd1 t5ds to dispel ! solemn awe & rev]5ce t %\ld ga!r ar\nd ! sanctu>y4 ,let ! hymn be read quietly1 ) room = rise z well z fall1 & all be p]fectly natural & unaffect$4 ,! s5tim5t express$ by ! voice %\ld correspond ) ! mean+ ( ! words4 ,ev5 9 ?is prelim9>y ex]cise1 x is possible to /rike a *ord t w vibrate 9 unison ?r\gh ! he>ts ( prea*] & p4 ,pray] is /ill m important4 ,:5 x is read1 ! same rem>ks apply z to ! read+ ( ! hymns4 ,ea* ^w %\ld be made ! e*o ( an inw>d feel+4 ,b 9 mo/ ,am]ican *ur*es pray] is extempore4 ,! m9i/] addresses heav5 9 8 own words1 on behalf ( himself & congregation4 ,! gold5 rule "h is to pray really to ,god4 ,t m9i/] _h no reason to feel flatt]$1 ^: pray] 0 comm5d$ z ! mo/ eloqu5t ev] (f]$ to a ,bo/on congregation6 ,! mass ( humanity be=e u %\ld only be ?\ght (1 9 ord] to express _! wants1 & to int]c$e = !m at a ?rone ( grace4 ,! simpl] our language ! bett] x is fitt$ = ?is purpose4 ,gaudy rhetoric1 & ev5 ! *>m ( melodi\s words1 if 9 ! slighte/ degree s\ght =1 is out ( place4 ,! only praise t %\ld be desir$ f a congregation1 9 reg>d to _! pa/or's pray]s1 is ! ackn[l$gm5t t _! holy ye>n+s & aspirations1 z well z _! ne$s1 h be5 cle>ly express$4 ,all beyond ?is is disgu/+4 ,nei!r %\ld f]vid utt]ance be /ra9$ aft]4 ,if deep emotions arise1 & express !mselves 9 ! voice1 x is well4 ,b )\t ^!1 m]e l\dness ( tone w be empty noise2 ! pray] w be ! h>de/ "p ( ! s]vice2 & complex metaphors & pr(use poetical quotations w af=d v inadequate relief4 ,b if ! he>t be full x is easy to pray1 & ?is r5d]s all ! rema9d] ( ! s]vice easi]4 ,a bond ( true spiritual sympa?y unites ! prea*] ) all ! good 9 8 congregation1 & z he rises to speak1 _! pray]s are giv5 = 8 success4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,divisions--,,introduction--,,discussio n--,,conclusion4 ,! s]mon is ! culm9ation ( m9i/]ial labor4 ,o!r duties are important1 b prea*+ is highe/ ( all4 ,example1 conv]sation1 private influ5ce1 only prep>e ! way = ! great ,sabba? "w4 ,9 x ! m9i/] c speak to ! assembl$ multitude ) ! fre$om & boldness ( tru?4 ,! believ] receives deep] insight into ,god's ways1 & directions = 8 own walk4 ,! c>eless li/5 :ile he d5\nces imp5d+ wra? & %[s ! only means ( escape4 ,he wields trem5d\s p[]1 & if s9c]e & unselfi%1 he _c fail to w9 />s = 8 heav5ly cr[n4 ,we w consid] ! s]mon "u ! ?ree p>ts ( introduction1 discussion & conclusion4 ,x is (t5 divid$ m m9utely1 b ^! w be suffici5t = our purpose4 ,no?+ is h>d] to frame ?an a good introduction4 ,x is indisp5sable1 =1 h[ev] we may approa* our subject !re is a fir/ mom5t :5 sil5ce is brok5 & our ?\ghts introduc$4 ,! ru/le ( clos+ hymn books & ! subsid+ murmur ( ! audi5ce1 tell ! speak] t ! "t has come4 ,if he be s5sitive1 or has nev] spok5 be=e1 8 pulse beats fa/1 8 face flu%es1 an indescribable feel+ ( fa9tness & fe> ?rills e n]ve4 ,he advances to ! pulpit1 & reads f ! ,bible ! words t are to be ! w>rant = 8 utt]ances1 & brea?+ a sil5t pray] = help1 op5s 8 lips1 & he>s ! tremul\s e*o ( 8 own voice4 ,!re is a va/ diff]5ce betwe5 recit+ & extemporiz+ at fir/1 & ! advantage is all on ! side ( recitation4 ,e ^w is 9 its prop] place1 & ! speak] is p]fectly calm & self-confid5t4 ,he is sure t 8 memory w n fail 9 ! op5+1 & w usually ?r[ 8 :ole p[] into x1 caus+ 8 voice to r+ cle> & l\d ov] ! h\se4 ,b x is diff]5t ) ! extempore speak]4 ,he is sure ( no?+1 & ! weight ( ! :ole spee* is heavy on 8 m9d4 ,he is glanc+ ahead1 /riv+ to =eca/ ! com+ s5t5ces1 z well z c>+ = ^? glid+ ov] ! tongue1 & 8 fir/ expressions may be feeble & ungraceful4 ,yet ?is display ( mode/y & timidity w conciliate ! audi5ce & secure _! good w4 ,we c sc>cely fail to di/+ui% an extemporiz$ disc\rse f a recit$ "o1 by ! diff]5ce 9 ! introduction alone4 ,"s p]sons commit ! op5+ passages ( ! s]mon1 to avoid ! pa9 & hesitancy ( an un/udi$ beg9n+4 ,b :ile ?is may accompli% ! imm$iate object1 x is apt to be at ! exp5se ( ! rema9+ "p ( ! disc\rse4 ,! m9d _c pass easily f recitation to extemporization1 & ! voice1 be+ too freely us$ at fir/1 loses its p[]4 ,! he>]s hav+ li/5$ to highly poli%$ language1 _c s well reli% ! pla9 words t foll[1 & ! :ole s]mon1 :i*1 l ! condor1 may h pit*$ f ,alp9e summits1 falls fa/ & f> until ! l[e/ level is rea*$4 ,a writt5 introduction may be mode/ & unpret5d+1 b unless x is exactly l un/udi$ spee* !re w be a pa9ful transition4 ,a favorite me?od ( avoid+ ^! difficulties is to make no =mal introduction1 b plunge at once into ! he>t ( ! subject4 ,occasionally1 ?is c be done to good advantage1 & t5ds to prev5t a monoton\s uni=mity4 ,b z a rule x is bett] to prep>e ! m9ds ( our he>]s by all ne$$ obs]vations1 & gradually lead !m to our subject4 ,! introduction %\ld n be left to ! *ance ( ! mom5t4 ,x requires m c>eful /udy ?an any o!r "p ( ! s]mon1 = ! tide ( spee*1 :i* may aft]w>d be> u ov] _m b>ri]s1 is n !n 9 full fl[4 ,b ! prep>ation %\ld be g5]al1 & n ext5d to ! words4 ,a fir/ s5t5ce may be =eca/1 b mu* beyond ?is w d h>m4 ,= ! introduction %\ld n be ! "p ( ! disc\rse longe/ rememb]$4 ,x w\ld be bett] to omit x1 ?an to h ! att5tion di/ract$ f ! ma9 subject4 ,= ?is reason no?+ f>-fet*$ or h>d to be und]/ood %\ld be admitt$4 ,b1 beg9n+ ) "s famili> ?\ght closely connect$ ) ! text1 x %\ld remove difficulties & op5 ! :ole subject = discussion4 ,mu* is ga9$ if1 at ! outset1 we c arre/ ! att5tion & w9 ! sympa?y ( our he>]s4 ,!y come toge!r f _m diff]5t employm5ts1 ) ?\ghts fix$ on v>i\s objects1 & x is a difficult task to remove ^! di/ract+ influ5ces & cause ! assembly to dwell ) int5se int]e/ on "o subject4 ,sometimes a />tl+ proposition w accompli% ?is end4 ,e>ne/ness 9 ! speak] t5ds p[]fully t[>d x4 ,b sam5ess mu/ be c>efully avoid$4 ,if e s]mon is c>ri$ ?r\gh an unv>y+ numb] ( always-express$ divisions & subdivisions1 ! he>] kn[s :at is com+1 & loses all curiosity4 ,we h he>d ( a m9i/] :o made x a rule to consid] ! nature1 reason & mann] ( ev]y?+ he spoke (4 ,he w\ld ask ! que/ions3 8,:at is x8 ,:y is x8 ,h[ is x80 ,! eloqu5ce ( ,paul w\ld n _m times h r$eem$ su* an arrangem5t4 ,a consid]able degree ( inatt5tion is to be expect$ 9 e audi5ce at fir/1 & ! speak]'s op5+ words may be unhe>d by _m & unhe$$ by all4 ,x is useless to attempt by viol5t means & l\dness ( voice to awak5 !m f _! indiff]5ce4 ,! prea*] may safely bide 8 "t4 ,if 8 words h weight & 8 mann] indicate confid5ce1 "o by "o w li/51 until t electric ?rill ( sympa?y1 impossible to describe1 b :i* c be felt z easily z an accord 9 music1 w vibrate ?r\gh ! he>ts ( all pres5t4 ,!n ! orator's p[] is fully develop$1 & x is delightful to use x4 ,?is sil5t1 pulsat+ int]e/ is m to be desir$ ?an vehem5t applause1 = x _c be c\nt]feit$1 & indicates t ! he>ts ( ! assemblage h be5 rea*$1 & fus$ by ! fires ( eloqu5ce1 & are ready to be mold$ into any desir$ =m4 ,happy ! m9i/] :o has ?is exp]i5ce1 = if 8 own he>t is enlight5$ by ! ,holy ,_s1 he c /amp on ! awak5$ multitude ! seal ( undy+ tru?4 ,! introduction %\ld be pla91 simple & direct4 ,b its v simplicity r5d]s x m difficult to con/ruct4 ,prea*]s :o are great 9 almo/ ev]y?+ else1 (t5 fail by mak+ _! introductions too complicat$1 ?us defeat+ _! own purpose z surely z ! eng9e] :o gives 8 road su* /eep grades1 t no tra9 c pass ov] x4 ,o!rs deliv] a /r+ ( platitudes t no "o wi%es to he>1 & ! audi5ce gr[s re/ive at ! v beg9n+4 ,:5 f ^! or o!r causes1 ! s]mon is misbegun1 ! consequ5ces are likely to be s]i\s4 ,! ?\ght is =c$ home on ! speak]1 ) icy weight1 t he is fail+1 & ?is conviction p>alyzes all 8 faculties4 ,he talks on1 b gr[s m & m emb>rass$4 ,incoh]5t s5t5ces drop f him1 requir+ pa9ful explanation to prev5t !m f deg5]at+ into p]fect nons5se4 ,! outl9e ( 8 plan dissolves into mi/4 ,! po9ts he int5d$ to make1 & ?\ght /rong & important1 n[ appe> v trivial4 ,he blund]s on ) little hope ahead4 ,! room may gr[ d>k be=e him1 & 9 ! excess ( 8 discom=t1 he ard5tly longs = ! "t :5 he c close )\t absolute disgrace4 ,b1 alas6 ! end seems f> (f4 ,9 va9 he se>*es = "s av5ue ( escape4 ,!re is none4 ,8 ?roat becomes dry & p>*$1 & ! comm& ( 8 voice is lo/4 ,! audi5ce gr[ re/ive1 = !y are tortur$1 z well z ! speak]1 & if he 7 malici\s he might f9d "s alleviation 9 ?is4 ,b he has no "t to ?9k ( x1 or if he does1 x reacts on himself4 ,no "o c help him4 ,at la/1 9 %e] desp]ation1 he cuts ! ,gordian knot1 & /ops--p]haps seiz+ "s swell+ s5t5ce1 & hurl+ x z a f>ewell volley at ! audi5ce--or speaks ( ! et]nal re/1 :i* no d\bt appe>s v blissful 9 comp>ison ) 8 own unre/--!n sits d[n ba!d 9 sweat1 & feel+ t he is disgrac$ =ev]6 ,if he is v weak or fooli%1 he resolves t he w nev] speak aga9 )\t manuscript1 or1 if wis]1 t he w n only und]/& 8 disc\rse1 b h[ to beg9 x4 ,! passage f ! introduction to ! discussion %\ld be gradual4 ,to make ! transition smoo?ly1 & /rike ! subject j at ! "r po9t1 cont9u+ ! int]e/ t may h be5 previ\sly excit$1 is a mo/ important a*ievem5t4 ,a /rong1 def9ite purpose mat]ially assi/s 9 ?is1 = x dwells equally 9 all p>ts ( ! s]mon4 ,! object is cle>ly 9 view1 & we g "r up to x ) no wa/$ words1 :ile ! p *e]fully submit to our guidance because !y see t we h an aim be=e u4 ,b if ?is be abs5t we may /e] ar\nd our subject1 & are nev] q ready to ent] ^u x1 ev5 if we are n wreck$ at ! outset4 ,a c>eful prep>ation ( ! plan w d mu* to prev5t ?is1 b x is n en\gh1 = ! words & phrases are n to be prep>$4 ,) e precaution1 ! be/ ( speak]s may fail at ?is po9t1 & ! m brilliant ! introduction ! m m>k$ w ! failure be4 ,:5 ?is dang] is safely pass$1 he is 9 ! op5 sea1 & ! triumphs ( eloqu5ce are be=e him4 ,!re is great pleasure 9 speak+ well4 ,an assembly hang+ on ! words1 & ?9k+ ! ?\ghts ( a s+le man1 gives to him ! mo/ subtile k9d ( flatt]y1 & he ne$s to bew>e h[ he yields to its influ5ce1 or 8 fall w be spe$y & disa/r\s4 ,! triumphs ( oratory are v fasc9at+4 ,! ability to sway our fell[ m5 at w--to b9d !m ) ! /rong *a9 ( our ?\ght1 & make !m will+ captives--produces a deliri\s & intoxicat+ s5se ( p[]4 ,b ?is is v transi5t1 & unless tak5 advantage ( at ! mom5t1 to "w "s endur+ result1 x fades1 l ! beautiful cl\d-"w ( morn+1 be=e ! ris+ sun4 ,ev5 dur+ ! cont9uance ( a s]mon x is h>d to ma9ta9 ! influ5ce ( a happy mom5t4 ,p]sons n unfrequ5tly give utt]ance to "s great & noble ?\ght1 t e*oes 9 ! he>ts ( ! audi5ce1 & ! nameless ?rill ( eloqu5ce is felt1 b "s irrelevant phrase1 or commonplace s5tim5t dissolves all ! *>m4 ,to avoid ?is1 ! :ole disc\rse mu/ be ( a piece1 & rise 9 p[] until ! object is accompli%$4 ,diffus5ess is (t5 suppos$ to be an ess5tial quality ( extemporane\s spee*4 ,x is n su*1 ?\gh _m speak]s d fall into x4 ,! reason ( ?is fault is t !y are n cont5t to place ! subject 9 a /rong light by "o =cible & lum9\s expression1 b say ne>ly :at !y mean1 & cont9ue _! ef=ts until !y are satisfi$4 ,!y furni% no cle> view ( any?+1 b give a sort ( twilight intimation ( _! idea4 ,b s]i\s z ?is fault is1 x may easily be ov]come4 ,exquisite f9i%1 & elaborate arrangem5t are n to be expect$ 9 (f-h& spee*1 b we may give =ce & true %ad+ to e idea j z well z 9 writ+4 ,to express exactly :at we mean at ! fir/ ef=t1 is "o ( ! greate/ beauties ( a spok5 /yle4 ,! he>] is fill$ ) grateful surprise :5 "s new & liv+ idea is plac$ be=e him1 clo!d 9 a s+le ^w or s5t5ce4 ,b a diffuse speak] gives s _m premonitions ( 8 ?\ght1 t ! audi5ce compreh5d x be=e he is half ?r\gh ! discussion1 & are =c$ to await 8 end+1 9 li/less we>9ess4 ,he nev] receives cr$it = an orig9al idea1 because 8 advances t[>d x call up ! same ?\ght 9 ! m9d ( 8 he>]s1 & :5 =mally pres5t$ x has lo/ all novelty1 & seems to be trite4 ,! same /udy t w imp>t ! p[] ( cond5sation 9 writ+ w d x 9 spee*1 = x c only be obta9$ 9 ei!r by e>ne/1 p]sev]+ ef=t4 ,frequ5tly =eca/ :at to say1 & drive x into ! smalle/ possible numb] ( vivid1 expressive words2 !n1 )\t memoriz+ ! language1 reproduce ! same ?\ght briefly z possible 9 ! hurry ( spee*4 ,x may be less compact ?an ! /udi$ production1 b if s1 let ! ef=t be repeat$ ) ! k ( :]e ! defect is1 & ?is cont9u$ until x c be ca/ into bold1 well-def9$ outl9es at a s+le impulse4 ,?is process1 (t5 repeat$1 w give ! ability to cond5se1 b 9 ord] to ex]cise x successfully ano!r quality is ne$$4 ,we mu/ be able to resi/ ! s$uction ( f9e language4 ,no s5t5ce %\ld be introduc$ because x glitt]s or sp>kles1 = a s+le unnecess>y ^w t requires o!rs to expla9 its use1 may damage a :ole s]mon4 ,let ! be/ words be *os5 ) ref]5ce to beauty & impressiv5ess z well z /rict appropriat5ess1 b ! latt] mu/ nev] be sacrific$4 ,! dang] ( %[y language 9 spee* is great] ?an 9 a writt5 composition1 = if ! writ] be drawn too f> away1 he c g back & beg9 aga91 :ile ! speak] has only "o trial4 ,if beauties lie 9 8 way all ! bett]1 b he mu/ nev] leave 8 pa? to se>* = !m4 ,bi%op ,simpson's lecture on 8,! ,future ( our ,c\ntry10 0 a model ( compactness4 ,e gaudy ornam5t 0 disc>d$1 & %ort1 simple s5t5ces convey$ ideas t w\ld h furni%$ a florid speak] ) inexhau/ible mat]ial4 ,! :ole disc\rse 0 radiant ) true beauty--! beauty ( ?\ght %9+ ?r\gh ! drap]y ( words1 & ea* idea1 unweak5$ by any pause ( expectation1 /ruck ! m9d z new tru?1 or ! e*o ( :at 0 felt1 b nev] s well express$ be=e4 ,we h se5 directions = 8exp&+ ?\ght10 & h he>d "y speak]s admire ! ease & skill ) :i* x 0 done4 ,b ?\ghts are n l m$ic9es :i* require dilution 9 ord] to be m c]ta9 9 _! effects1 & m readily tak54 ,x is f> bett] to give ! ess5ce ( an idea1 & g on to some?+ else4 ,if ?\ghts are too few1 x is m pr(itable to dig & delve = o!rs1 ?an to att5uate & /ret* :at we h4 ,we ne$ deep1 burn+1 ?robb+ conceptions t w live )\t artificial aid4 ,a simil> error exi/s 9 reg>d to ! k9d ( language be/ adapt$ to oratory4 ,high-s\nd+ epi!ts & lat9iz$ words are sometimes suppos$ to be ! prop] dress ( eloqu5ce4 ,^! might give an impression ( our le>n+ or wisdom to an ignorant audi5ce1 b c\ld n /rike ! *ords ( liv+ sympa?y t l9k all he>ts toge!r4 ,language is only available z a m$ium1 s f> z he>] & speak] und]/& x 9 common4 ,if we use a t]m ! congregation h seldom he>d1 ev5 if !y c arrive at its mean+1 x w lose all its =ce :il/ !y are /riv+ to und]/& x4 ,b "o ( ! homely ,saxon words t dwell on ! lips ( ! p1 w unlade its mean+ 9 ! he>t z soon z its s\nd /rikes ! e>4 ,= :ile uncommon words erect a b>ri] ar\nd ?\ght1 famili> ones are p]haps n notic$ at all1 leav+ ! feel+ to /rike directly to its m>k4 ,! only reason :y ,saxon d]ivatives are s p[]ful1 is because !y are usually ! words ( e-day life4 ,b ! te/ ( usefulness is n 9 etymology4 ,if t]ms ( ,lat9 or ,fr5* orig9 h pass$ into ! life ( ! p1 !y w s]ve ! highe/ purpose ( ! orator4 ,( co>se1 all debas$ & slang words %\ld be reject$4 ,we d n plead = 8! famili>ity t bre$s contempt40 ,! two great requisites 9 ! use ( words are1 t !y %\ld exactly express our idea1 & be famili> to ! audi5ce4 ,melody & association %\ld n be despis$1 b !y are second>y4 ,e s]mon %\ld h /rong po9ts ^u :i* especial reliance is plac$4 ,a g5]al has 8 *oice battalions res]v$ to pi]ce ! enemy's l9e at ! decisive mom5t1 & w9 ! battle4 ,x is important to "k h[ to place ^! res]v$ ?\ghts1 t all _! weight may be felt4 ,a crisis occurs 9 ne>ly e s]mon--a mom5t :5 a /rong argum5t or a f]v5t appeal w produce ! result int5d$1 or :5 failure becomes inevitable--j z a vigor\s *>ge1 or ! arrival ( re9=cem5ts1 w turn ! scale ( battle1 :5 ! combatants gr[ we>y & dispirit$4 ,! speak]1 kn[+ :at 8 object is1 %\ld s dispose 8 =ces z to drive /eadily t[>d x1 & :5 )9 rea*1 put =? all 8 p[] 9 "o mighty ef=t1 a*iev+ ! result = :i* ! :ole spee* 0 int5d$4 ,if neglect$1 su* *ances seldom return1 & an h\r's talk may fail to accompli% z mu* z "o good burn+ s5t5ce ?r[n 9 at ! "r "t4 ,?is %\ld be =ese51 & ! idea1 :i* we "k to be ! key ( our disc\rse1 c>efully prep>$--9 ?\ght1 n ^w4 ,quotations1 ei!r 9 prose or poetry1 may be (t5 us$ to good advantage1 b %\ld be %ort1 appropriate & second>y4 ,! gr& effect ( an extempore disc\rse mu/ n dep5d on a borr[$ passage1 or its "* w be *ang$1 & its orig9ality lo/4 ,we h all along tak5 x = grant$ t deep ?\ght und]lies ! :ole disc\rse4 ,)\t ?is1 a s]mon or any s]i\s address des]ves no success4 ,"u "s circum/ances no?+ is expect$ b s\nd to tickle ! e>4 ,?is is play1 :ile ! eloqu5ce ( ! pulpit is solemn "w4 ,! v fact t ! speak] has a solid & wor?y f\ndation1 gives him confid5ce4 ,he kn[s t if 8 words are n r++ music1 he w /ill h a claim on ! att5tion ( 8 auditors4 ,x is n necess>y t our ?\ghts %\ld ext5d f> beyond ! dep?s ( ! common m9d1 = ! mo/ weighty tru?s lie ne>e/ to ! surface1 & )9 ! rea* ( all4 ,b mo/ m5 d n dwell long en\gh on "o subject to und]/& ev5 its obvi\s features1 & :5 ^! are fully ma/]$ & pres5t$ 9 /rik+ =m1 x is l a new revelation4 ,a good illu/ration ( ?is is f\nd 9 ! sublimity t ,kitto imp>ts to ! j\rney+s ( ! ,israelites4 ,v few new facts are /at$1 b all are s arrang$ & vivifi$ by a ?\ghtful m9d1 t ! subject gr[s into new mean+4 ,let ! prea*]1 by speak+ extempore1 save 8 "t = inve/igation & /udy1 & 8 s]mons w soon h a *>m beyond any j+l+ comb9ation ( words4 ,is ! m9i/]1 z he /&s be=e a congregation ) _! eyes fix$ ^u him1 to expect !m to be ov]:elm$ by 8 eloqu5ce8 ,su* a result is possible1 b is seldom atta9$1 especially :5 s\ght =4 ,if p]sons attempt :at is beyond _! p[]1 ! only result w be to r5d] !mselves ridicul\s4 ,b good s5se & solid usefulness are )9 ! rea* ( all4 ,any man :o /udies a subject till he kn[s m ab\t x ?an o!rs d1 c int]e/ !m 9 a fireside explanation1 if !y c>e = ! matt] at all4 ,he communicates 8 facts 9 a pla9 /yle & !y und]/& him4 ,_m p]sons w sit delight$ till midnight to he> a man conv]se1 b w g to sleep if he address !m half an h\r 9 public4 ,9 ! fir/ case he talks1 & is simple & unaffect$2 9 ! o!r he speaks1 & uses a /yle /iff5$ up = ! occasion4 ,:5 ,h5ry ,clay 0 ask$ h[ he became s eloqu5t1 he said he knew no?+ ab\t x2 :5 he comm5c$ an address he _h only ! desire to speak :at he _h prep>$ 7n committ$71 & adh]$ to ?is until he 0 enwrapp$ 9 8 subject & c>ri$ away1 he knew n h[4 ,?is is a *>act]i/ic ( ! mod]n1 z oppos$ to ! anci5t1 s*ool ( eloqu5ce4 ,! latt] memoriz$1 :ile our greate/ speak]s only arrange1 & speak 9 a pla91 bus9ess /yle1 until hurri$ by ! passion ( ! mom5t into bold] flights4 ,if ?is does n happ51 !y /ill give a good & in/ructive spee*4 ,^! few consid]ations may be ( use :5 ! speak] /&s 9 ! pulpit1 b he mu/ rely on 8 own tact = ! managem5t ( details4 ,closely obs]v+ ! condition ( ! audi5ce1 tak+ advantage ( e favor+ circum/ance1 he moves /eadily t[>ds 8 object4 ,) an unob/ruct$ road be=e him1 :i* he has travel$ 9 ?\ght until x is famili>1 he w advance ) ease & c]ta9ty4 ,z he gazes into ! int5t faces ar\nd1 new ideas arise1 &1 if fitt+1 are wov5 into :at 0 previ\sly prep>$1 (t5 ) ?rill+ effect4 ,ea* emotion k9dl$ by sympa?y w embody itself 9 words t t\* ! he>t z no?+ prep>$ c\ld d1 & ea* mom5t 8 own conviction s9ks deep] 9 ! he>ts ( 8 he>]s4 ,!re are ?ree pr9cipal ways ( conclud+ a s]mon4 ,! fir/1 & mo/ graceful1 is to cond5se a cle> view ( ! :ole argum5t1 & leave ! audi5ce ) ! compreh5sive impression ?us made4 ,?is is admirably adapt$ to disc\rses ! pr9cipal object ( :i* is to conv9ce ! und]/&+4 ,to ?r[ ! :ole sweep ( ! argum5t1 e po9t ( :i* has be5 en=c$1 into a few tell+1 easily rememb]$ s5t5ces1 w g f> to make ! impression p]man5t4 ,! old plan ( clos+ ) an exhortation1 is p]haps ! mo/ g5]ally b5eficial4 ,an application is ! same ?+ 9 sub/ance1 only a little less pung5t & p]sonal4 ,9 x ! :ole s]mon is made to be> on ! duty ( ! mom5t4 ,x %\ld be closely connect$ ) :at w5t be=e2 = a g5]al exhortation1 fitt+ ! end ( e s]mon1 _c well apply to any4 ,all ! s]mon %\ld be ga!r$ up1 z x 71 & hurl$ z a solid mass into ! he>ts & consci5ces ( ^? :om we wi% to affect1 ?us mak+ x a real 8?ru/10 ( :i* ! exhortation is ! b>b$ po9t4 ,x %\ld be %ort1 & no new matt] introduc$ at ! "t ! audi5ce are expect+ ! end4 ,! ?ird me?od is to break (f :5 ! la/ item is f9i%$4 ,if ! l9es ( ! argum5t are few & simple1 or s /rong t !y _c fail to be rememb]$1 !re is no ne$ to recapitulate !m4 ,& if ! exhortation has kept pace ) ! progress ( ! s]mon1 !re is no place = x at ! close4 ,if bo? ^! co9cide1 a =mal conclusion w\ld be a sup]fluity4 ,x is only necess>y to f9i% ! developm5t ( ! plan1 c>e be+ tak5 t ! la/ idea discuss$ %all be "o ( dignity & importance4 ,?is is simply /opp+ :5 done1 & is c]ta9ly an easy me?od ( clos+1 ?\gh1 9 practice1 too (t5 neglect$4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,aft] ,,consid]ations--,,success--,,re/--,,imp rovem5t4 ,:5 we h conclud$ a f]v5t disc\rse1 especially if successful1 !re comes a feel+ ( inexpressible relief4 ,= ! burd5 ( a spee* accumulates on ! m9d1 f ! "t ! subject is *os51 until x gr[s almo/ intol]able4 ,:5 we beg9 to speak all our p[]s are call$ into play1 & ex]t$ to ! limit ( _! capacity4 ,! excitem5t ( ! conflict hurries u on1 & al?\gh we may n realize ! gigantic ex]tions we put =?1 yet :5 we pause1 ) ! victory won1 ! s5se ( relief & security is exce$+ly delightful4 ,yet we mu/ n indulge too deeply 9 ! self-gratulation s natural at su* a mom5t4 ,if we h conqu]$1 x has be5 9 ,god's "n1 n our own1 & ! fir/ ?+ to be done is to (f] him ?anks = our pres]vation4 ,?is is b ! complem5t ( ! pray]s made at ! beg9n+ ( ! s]vice1 = if we ask help ) fe> & trembl+1 be=e ! real p]ils ( spee* beg91 x w\ld be v wrong1 9 ! h\r ( triumph1 to cease to rememb] ! arm ^u :i* we lean$4 ,b by p\r+ out our ?ankfulness to ,god1 we are at ! same "t pres]v$ f pride & undue exaltation1 & enc\rag$ to dep5d ^u ,him m fully ! next "t we speak4 ,if ! ef=t has be5 an e>ne/ "o1 bo? m9d & body ne$ re/4 ,!re are speak]s :o pr(ess to feel no fatigue aft] an h\r's labor1 b ^! seldom occupy a place 9 ! fir/ class4 ,if ! s\l has really be5 engag$1 & all ! p[]s ( m9d & body b5t to ! accompli%m5t ( a great object1 relaxation mu/ foll[1 & (t5 a s5se ( utt] pro/ration4 ,x is well1 if possible1 to ab&on ones-self to ! luxury ( re/--t utt] repose s sweet aft] sev]e labor4 ,ev5 social int]c\rse %\ld be avoid$4 ,a %ort sleep1 ev5 if only = a few m9utes1 w af=d great relief1 & x is mu* to be regrett$ t circum/ances s (t5 int]f]e ) ! enjoym5t ( su* a luxury4 ,aft] ! morn+ s]vice1 especially if ! m9i/] has to prea* aga9 9 ! ev5+1 all labor1 ev5 9 ! ,sabba?-s*ool1 %\ld be avoid$1 al?\gh1 be=e prea*+1 su* toil w only =m a grateful introduction to ! duties ( ! day4 ,no practice is m p]nici\s ?an t ( invit+ ! m9i/] to meet company1 at d9n]-p>ties or else:]e1 imm$iately aft] s]vice4 ,?is is objectionable = two reasons2 ! conv]sation at su* p>ties seldom accords ) ! sanctity ( ! ,sabba?1 & if unexceptionable 9 ?is respect1 a cont9u$ tax is made ^u ! already exhau/$ bra9--a tax great] dur+ su* a /ate ( relaxation & languor1 ?an t5-fold ! labor w\ld be at ano!r p]iod4 ,let ! prea*]1 :5 he c1 retire to ! privacy ( 8 own home1 & !re enjoy ! fre$om ( untrammell$ re/4 ,x is well to pond] closely ! lessons d]iv$ f ea* new exp]i5ce 9 speak+4 ,! m9i/] c nev] exactly measure 8 own success1 & may (t5 lam5t z a failure t ef=t :i* has accompli%$ great good4 ,he has 9 8 m9d an ideal ( excell5ce by :i* he e/imates 8 s]mons4 ,if ?is be plac$ v l[1 he may succe$ 9 com+ up to x1 or ev5 pass beyond x1 )\t accompli%+ any?+ wor?y ( praise4 ,b 9 su* a case he is apt to be well satisfi$ ) ! result4 ,& (t5 ! s]mons ) :i* we are lea/ pleas$1 are really ! be/4 ,= 9 ! mightie/ ef=ts ( m9d ! /&>d is plac$ v high--sometimes beyond ! limit ( possible atta9m5t1 & ! speak] works ) 8 eye fix$ ^u ! summit1 & (t51 aft] all 8 ex]tions1 sees x %9+ above him /ill1 & closes ) ! conviction t 8 ideas are b half express$4 ,he feels mortifi$ t !re %\ld be su* diff]5ce betwe5 conception & execution4 ,b 8 he>]s1 :o h be5 l$ ov] untrodd5 fields ( ?\ght1 "k no?+ ( ! heights /ill above ! orator's head1 & are fill$ ) en?usiasm1 or h receiv$ new impulses to good4 ,?is is ! reason :y we are lea/ able to judge ( ! success ( s]mons t h be5 long m$itat$1 & are ?or\ghly prep>$4 ,! subject exp&s z we /udy x1 & its outl9es become gr&] & va/]1 until !y pass beyond our p[] ( repres5tation4 ,& ea* sep>ate ?\ght t is ma/]$ also becomes famili>1 & is n valu$ at its full wor? by ! speak]4 ,if he _h begun to speak )\t ?\ght1 int5d+ to give only ! easy & common views ( 8 subject1 all w\ld h be5 fre% to him1 & if a /rik+ idea pres5t$ itself1 its novelty w\ld h enhanc$ its appreciation4 ,?is is no reason aga9/ dilig5t prep>ation1 b r a /rong argum5t 9 favor ( x4 ,x %\ld only /imulate u to improve our p[]s ( expression z well z ( conception4 ,b ) all ^! s\rces ( unc]ta9ty 9 our judgm5t ( our own productions1 we %\ld n be indiff]5t to our p]ceptions ( success or failure4 ,9 ! great] numb] ( in/ances w be correct1 & we c v frequ5tly discov] ! cause ( ei!r1 & use ?is k to future pr(it4 ,ev5 if we imag9e our failure to be extreme1 we h no ne$ to feel unduly disc\rag$4 ,god c1 & does1 (t5 "w ) ! feeble/ in/rum5ts1 & ! s]mon we despise may accompli% its purpose4 ,! writ] prea*$ "o ev5+ :5 v we>y1 & almo/ unprep>$4 ,f fir/ to la/ a pa9ful ef=t 0 requir$ to f9d any?+ to say1 & to prev5t utt] failure ! int5d$ plan _h to be ab&on$1 & new1 deta*$ ?\ghts ?r[n 9 z !y c\ld be f\nd4 ,& yet t disc\rse1 :i* 0 sc>cely wor?y ( ! "n1 elicit$ w>m] approval1 & app>5tly accompli%$ m good1 ?an any "o f ! same prea*] ev] giv5 at t po9t4 ,b su* in/ances %\ld nev] lead u to neglect all ! prep>ation 9 our p[]1 = usually :5 failure spr+s f a real defect1 ! v]dict ( ! p w co9cide ) our own4 ,h[ev] we may judge ( our success x is n wise to ask any ( our he>]s = _! op9ion4 ,we may obs]ve any indications ( ! effect produc$1 &1 if ! criticisms ( o!rs are (f]$ spontane\sly1 x is n necess>y to repulse !m1 especially if !y are m>k$ by a _s ( c&or & good w2 b all seek+ = comm5dation is debas+4 ,x is sweet to he> our s]mons prais$1 & mo/ ( m5 c endure an am\nt ( flatt]y address$ to !mselves1 t w\ld be disgu/+ if appli$ to o!rs2 b if we indulge ?is disposition x w become ungov]nable1 & expose u to well-des]v$ ridicule4 ,x is pitiable to see a man :o is mighty 9 ^w & ?\ght1 :o wields ! va/ p[]s ( eloqu5ce1 /oop+ to beg cru/s ( indiscrim9ate praise f 8 he>]s4 ,no?+ contributes m to de/roy our influ5ce1 & make our audi5ce believe t we are m]ely actors1 unaffect$ by ! sublime tru?s we decl>e4 ,x is well to ?9k ov] our s]mons aft] !y h be5 prea*$1 & if any defect appe>1 am5d x 9 ! plan1 & add all ! new ideas t may h be5 sugge/$ dur+ spee*4 ,?is prep>es u to prea* /ill bett] :5 we h occasion to use ! same plan a second "t4 ,"s m9i/]s are accu/om$ to write _! s]mons aft] deliv]y4 ,?is may d well1 especially :5 ! !me is ( great importance1 b 9 g5]al1 x is que/ionable :e!r ! advantage is great en\gh to w>rant ! exp5diture ( s mu* "t4 ,b to review & correct a v]batim report ( our s]mons w\ld be f> m pr(itable4 ,if "s %ort-h& writ]--a memb] ( our family1 or any o!r :o is will+ to take s mu* tr\ble--w pres]ve our words = u1 a revisal ( !m on ,monday w\ld be ( imm5se b5efit4 ,! (f5siv5ess ( pet phrases1 :i* we might o!rwise be unconsci\s ( = ye>s1 w\ld be detect$ at once4 ,faults ( expression1 & especially ! pr(us5ess ( words1 9 :i* extempore speak]s are apt to indulge1 w\ld be =c$ ^u our notice2 & if any really valuable ideas occurr$1 !y c\ld be pres]v$4 ,!re w\ld be little use 9 writ+ ! s]mon ov] 9 full1 = we w\ld commonly f9d t x might be r$uc$ to "o-?ird or "o-f\r? its bulk )\t mat]ial injury4 ,! habitual cond5sation ( our s]mons aft] deliv]y1 w\ld tea* u to express our ?\ghts compactly ev5 9 spee*4 ,! only difficulty 9 apply+ ?is capital means ( improvem5t1 is ! small numb] ( p]sons :o c write %ort-h& ) suffici5t rapidity--a difficulty t may be less 9 ! future ?an x has be5 9 ! pa/1 & c n[ be obviat$ by ! m9i/]'s wife or daught]s1 :o may h suffici5t p]sev]ance & devotion to ma/] ! labori\s1 b preci\s art = 8 sake4 ,,"p ,,iii4 ,,miscellane\s ,,addresses4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,in/ructive ,,address4 ,we w give only a brief consid]ation to ! v>i\s fields ( oratory outside ! pulpit1 because ! great] numb] ( pr9ciples already laid d[n c be appli$1 ) slight modifications1 to any k9d ( spee*4 ,! diff]5t v>ieties ( secul> address may be divid$ z foll[s3 ,i4 ,in/ructive ,oratory4 ,,ii4 ,legal ,oratory4 ,,iii4 ,delib]ative ,oratory4 ,,iv4 ,popul> ,oratory4 ,v4 ,controv]sial ,oratory4 ,we apply ! fir/ t]m to all oral tea*+1 m connect$ ?an "q & answ]1 & to all lectures t h in/ruction = _! prim>y object4 ,?is species ( disc\rse diff]s f ! s]mon 9 ! abs5ce ( p]suasion1 r ?an 9 its positive "*4 ,! lectur] %\ld ?or\ghly und]/& ! topic he attempts to unfold1 & place x 9 ! cle>e/ possible light4 ,mu* illu/ration is ne$$1 = ! subject is usually a novel "o to ! great] portion ( ! audi5ce1 & c be be/ expla9$ by comp>ison ) famili> objects4 ,x %\ld h its /rong c5tral po9ts1 :i* c be easily rememb]$1 & ar\nd :i* ! m9or p>ts ( ! disc\rse may be gr\p$1 = if ! :ole consi/ ( isolat$ facts p\r$ =? )\t g5]alization or arrangem5t1 no di/9ct impression w be left4 ,appeals to passion & emotion are less necess>y 9 lectures ?an 9 mo/ o!r k9ds ( spee*4 ,yet s closely are he>t & intellect connect$1 t we c ar\se att5tion1 & secure a m durable result1 if ! facts we n>rate are l9k$ ) ! exp]i5ces & emotions ( life4 ,! practice ( writ+ is ev5 m preval5t :5 appli$ to lectures ?an to s]mons1 & ! reasons urg$ 9 its favor h m plausibility4 ,z ! lectur] does n aim to move 8 he>]s to imm$iate action1 ! advantages ( direct address are less requir$4 ,/ill he wi%es to int]e/ !m1 & x may be que/ion$ :e!r ?is c1 9 any case1 be s well accompli%$ f manuscript4 ,b x is urg$ t 9 a sci5tific lecture !re is (t5 too great a numb] ( deta*$ facts to be easily rememb]$4 ,?is may be true1 b x sugge/s ano!r important "q3 if !y _c be recall$ by ! speak] :o has review$ !m aga9 & aga9 = days toge!r1 h[ c x be expect$ t ^? :o only he> !m read ov] once1 w reta9 any di/9ct impression8 ,a cle>] g5]alization ( ! :ole disc\rse1 & a prop] arrangem5t ( ea* fact "u ! pr9ciple :i* x illu/rates1 w\ld g f> to obviate bo? difficulties4 ,yet1 9 ! use ( /ati/ics or o!r items1 ab\t :i* ! speak] wi%es to be precise1 ?\gh he may only c>e to give ! audi5ce a g5]al conception ( !m1 notes w be a great relief to ! memory1 & ! /atem5t ( pr9ciples d$uc$ c be /ill made 9 direct address4 ,aft] a man has become s fam\s t ea* ^w he utt]s w be li/5$ to ) pr(\nd att5tion1 because x comes f him1 he may write safely4 ,?is is especially ! case ) ^? :o h become au?orities 9 _! own dep>tm5ts ( k4 ,:at !y say is receiv$ r z a conclusion to argum5t1 ?an z an ass]tion to be weigh$1 & ! calm1 delib]ate read+ ( su* f9al /atem5ts has all ne$$ impressiv5ess4 ,b if we h n atta9$ ?is position1 we _h bett] employ e legitimate means to int]e/ our audi5ces4 ,x is (t5 claim$ by ! advocates ( read+1 t a lit]>y lecture mu/ be writt5 to secure ! poli% & smoo?ness ne$ful 9 ! treatm5t ( su* !mes4 ,x w n d1 say !y1 to give1 9 our words & mann]1 an illu/ration ( ! abs5ce ( ! v qualities we praise4 ,b surely m5 c speak on a subject !y und]/& 9 good gramm> & fitt+ language1 )\t hav+ fir/ plac$ ea* ^w on pap]6 ,& if !y attempt mu* beyond ?is !y lead ! m9d ( ! he>] f ! subject to a consid]ation ( ! skill ( ! lectur]4 ,we are ready to grant t compositions %\ld be read1 n spok51 :5 ev] !y cease to in/ruct ab\t some?+ else1 & become an exhibition 9 !mselves4 ,a poet is "r 9 read+ 8 poem2 & ev5 9 prose1 if we wi% to call att5tion to our melodi\s words1 & our skill 9 lit]>y composition1 in/ead ( ! subject we h nom9ally tak51 x w be well to write4 ,b ! result+ composition w n be a lecture4 ,! field = in/ructive lectures is con/antly enl>g+4 ,9 =m] times !y 7 monopoliz$ by univ]sity pr(essors1 & v few p]sons s\ght to tea* ! p4 ,b ?is has *ang$4 ,!re are n[ _m m s*ools :]e c\rses ( lectures are giv5 on v>i\s topics1 & e t[n ( any pret5sion has its annual lecture c\rse4 ,ev5 ^! are n suffici5t to meet ! increas+ dem&1 &1 z e community _c pay ,bee*] or ,g\gh f "o to five hundr$ doll>s = an ev5+'s ent]ta9m5t1 !re is abundant scope = humbl] tal5t4 ,/roll+ lectur]s1 )\t "* or k1 reap a ri* h>ve/ f ! cr$ulity ( ! p4 ,ev5 ! noble sci5ce ( phr5ology is (t5 disgrac$ by quacks1 :o p]ambulate ! c\ntry & pret5d to expla9 its my/]ies--sometimes tell+ "* & =tunes at ! same "t4 ,s f> has ?is pro/itution ( tal5t & opportunity gone1 t ! village lectur] is (t5 plac$ 9 a category ) circus cl[ns & negro m9/rels4 ,b ?is %\ld n be1 & no class c\ld d m to prev5t x ?an ! cl]gy4 ,if !y w\ld ea* prep>e a lecture or two ^u "s important subject !y h ma/]$1 !y c\ld ext5d _! usefulness1 & tea* o!rs besides _! own flocks4 ,lectur]s are becom+ m num]\s & popul>4 ,new sci5ces & arts are cont9ually spr++ into be+1 & !re is no way t a k ( !m c be s readily diffus$ among ! masses ( ! p1 z by public addresses ^u !m4 ,ev5 ! olde/ ( ! sci5ces--,a/ronomy--has be5 br\ght to ! k ( ?\s&s :o o!rwise w\ld h rema9$ 9 ignorance ( its my/]ies4 ,x 0 ?us t ! lam5t$ ,g5]al ,o4 ,m4 ,mit*el succe$$ 9 awak5+ public int]e/1 & 9 secur+ funds = ! erection ( 8 obs]vatory at ,c9c9nati4 ,b5efit lectures are v common4 ,9 ^! ! s]vices ( ! lectur] are giv5 gratis1 or = a nom9al comp5sation1 & p]sons are induc$ to pur*ase tickets t "s good cause may be b5efit$ by ! proce$s4 ,?is is ! mo/ pleasant ( compromises1 & is surely bett] ?an fairs1 gift draw+s1 etc41 al?\gh :5 ! patronage ( ! public is ?us secur$ = a lecture t has no real m]it1 ! b5efit is m que/ionable4 ,! mo/ important po9t 9 a lecture is t ! subject be ?or\ghly und]/ood1 & s arrang$ t !re may be no difficulty 9 grasp+ ! :ole ?\ght4 ,vivacity & life w prev5t ! audi5ce f gr[+ we>y2 wit1 if x be true & delicate1 w add to ! int]e/1 & has a f> l>g] legitimate sph]e ?an 9 a s]mon4 ,ornam5ts1 too1 may ab\nd1 provid$ !y d n call att5tion away f ! subject1 or weak5 ! =ce ( expression4 ,! plan ( a lecture may be con/ruct$ 9 a mann] simil> to t ( a s]mon1 z ! end 9 view is n v diff]5t4 ,if ?is be well arrang$1 & all ! pr9ciples1 facts & illu/rations be prop]ly plac$1 no ne$ ( writ+ w be felt4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,miscellane\s ,,address--,,legal--,,delib]ate--,,popul >--,,controv]sial4 ,! spee* adapt$ to ! b5* & b> pres5ts "s peculi> features4 ,! lawy] deals ) facts & liv+ issues4 ,he works = imm$iate results1 & !re=e uses ! means be/ adapt$ to secure !m4 ,! use ( manuscript1 :i* increases 9 proportion z we remove f ! sph]e ( passion1 f9ds no place :5 life & prop]ty are at /ake4 ,! lawy] :o w\ld read 8 appeal to ! jury 9 an excit+ case1 w\ld h few o!rs to make4 ,at ! b> ! p5alty = ineffici5cy is s rapid & c]ta91 t e n]ve is /ra9$ to avoid x4 ,to argue ) a lawy] aga9/ ! use ( writt5 disc\rses1 w\ld be l prov+ ! advantage ( comm]ce to an ,engli%man4 ,8 dang] lies 9 ! opposite direction--t ( c>+ too little = poli%1 & ( mak+ ! v]dict ( ! jury 8 only aim4 ,a lawy] %\ld nev] cont5d = :at he believes to be wrong4 ,yet ! common e/imate ( ! morality ( attorneys is n bas$ on fact4 ,!y may h great] temptations ?an "s o!rs1 & _m ( !m may fall1 b ano!r reason ?an ?is acc\nts = ! grave imputations ca/ on !m4 ,9 e suit1 at lea/ "o p>ty mu/ be disappo9t$1 & x is natural t1 9 8 bitt]ness1 he %\ld ?r[ discr$it on all ! ag5cies by :i* 8 hopes 7 de/roy$4 ,b ?is is mo/ frequ5tly gr\ndless4 ,! lawy] may be c\nsel = a man :om he kn[s to be 9 ! wrong1 b he ought nev] to take 8 /& on a false position4 ,he may %[ any weakness 9 8 adv]s>y's case1 & see t all ! provisions ( ! law are fai?fully compli$ )1 b mu/ n endeavor to di/ort ! tru?4 ,an adh]5ce to ?is det]m9ation w soon give 8 words a p[] & influ5ce t w m ?an c\nt]balance all disadvantages4 ,let him seek = ! /rong po9ts 9 8 own case1 & !n ?r[ !m into ! simple/ & bolde/ %ape1 n =gett+ ! importance ( appeal+ to ! he>t1 z well z head1 ( judge & jury4 ,! judge diff]s f ! advocate 9 hav+ bo? sides ( ! case to pres5t1 & 9 seek+ tru? r ?an victory4 ,z he /&s ^u ! law1 & unfolds its dictates1 :i* are obey$ z soon z kn[n1 he has no ne$ to appeal to passion1 & c give 8 words ) all calmness & c]ta9ty4 ,"u ! mo/ absolute mon>*y !re are always "s ?+s t m5 are left to settle accord+ to _! own pleasure1 & :5 a numb] ( p]sons h equal int]e/ & au?ority ?is c only be done by discussion4 ,9 our own l& ! p be> rule1 & ! field ( delib]ation is almo/ inf9itely wid5$4 ,city c\ncils1 ,/ate & national legislatures1 ! gov]n+ societies ( *ur*es1 p>ties1 companies1 & all organizations1 h m or less ( p[] to be ex]cis$4 ,if ?is 7 ve/$ 9 a s+le w1 sil5t pond]+ w\ld det]m9e ea* "q1 b 9 assemblies ^! mu/ be decid$ by discussion1 argum5t & vote4#a ,footnote #a3 ,see rules = ^! 9 ,app5dix4 ,!re is "o g5]al peculi>ity t m>ks ! spee*es address$ to su* a body2 _! ma9 object is to give in=mation4 ,all are ab\t to act1 & are suppos$ to be dilig5tly look+ = ! be/ c\rse to be tak54 ,?is secures an int]e/ 9 ev]y?+ t really ?r[s new light on ! subject1 :ile x (t5 r5d]s su* an assemblage intol]ant ( m]e declamation4 ,9 repres5tative bodies !re is also con/ant ref]5ce to ! op9ions & wi%es ( ^? = :om !y act4 ,su* spee*es are frequ5tly int5d$ to be read beyond ! b\nds ( ! audi5ce :]e !y are deliv]$1 & = ?is reason are (t5 elaborately prep>$1 & read at fir/4 ,if !y d truly give in=mation1 ei!r 9 ref]5ce to pr9ciples or facts1 !y suff] f ?is less ?an any o!r class ( addresses4 ,!y may be dry & unattractive 9 =m1 b if ea* conc]n$1 feels t he is obta9+ new facts = guidance1 he w li/5 ) pati5ce4 ,yet1 ev5 !n1 a great] impression w\ld be produc$ if ! same accuracy & sur5ess ( /atem5t 7 embodi$ 9 spok5 words4 ,let !re fir/1 be broad1 /atesmanlike views1 a cle> compreh5sion ( ! effects ( measures1 & p]fect confid5ce 9 :at we advocate1 & !n all ! graces ( spee* may be add$ ) ! c]ta9ty t _! effect w be t always produc$ by true eloqu5ce4 ,a popul> address diff]s f a lecture 9 hav+ an elem5t ( p]suasion 9 x4 ,9 fact1 ?is is its pr9cipal *>act]i/ic4 ,:5 we desire to incl9e ! he>ts ( ! p to "s favorite cause1 we assemble !m toge!r1 & labor by all ! argum5ts we c comm&1 to induce !m to adopt our views & ent] on ! c\rse we recomm5d4 ,en]gy & e>ne/ness are ! qualities mo/ uni=mly successful4 ,! p c>e little = ! subtile niceties ( spee*1 b !y require t ! man :o addresses !m %\ld believe :at he says1 & feel ! p[] ( 8 own reason+4 ,a deep1 /rong1 unfalt]+ conviction is always an elem5t ( /r5g?4 ,_m speak]s ?9k x an advantage to flatt] ! prejudices ( ! p1 b !y are mi/ak54 ,tempor>y applause may be won1 b second ?\ghts are apt to detect ! lurk+ ins9c]ity1 ev5 if !y d n ov]?r[ ! prejudice itself ,if ! speak] be really "u ! influ5ce ( ! same misconception z ! audi5ce1 ?is is a diff]5t matt]1 = he>ty devotion1 ev5 to ! wrong1 is contagi\s4 ,b calm reason+ & tru? are always be/4 ,^! gave ,abraham ,l9coln ! sup]iority ov] ,/eph5 ,a4 ,d\glas1 mak+ him m effective ) ! p ?an ! latt] 01 n )/&+ 8 f]vid eloqu5ce4 ,! "o appeal$ to ! reason ( ! p1 ! o!r to passion4 ,humor has a place 9 ! popul> address n second to any o!r quality4 ,a tell+ anecdote1 or a good illu/ration 7! homeli] ! bett]1 if x be n co>se71 w arre/ att5tion & dwell long] on ! memory1 ?an ! /ronge/ argum5t4 ,controv]sial oratory p>takes ( ! nature ( a battle1 b %\ld be some?+ m ?an /rife = victory4 ,!re is little dang] ( languid att5tion 9 ?is species ( address1 = opposition ar\ses bo? speak] & he>]4 ,! gold5 rule 9 all controv]sies1 is to be c]ta9 ( a solid basis ( fact1 & foll[ ! guidance ( true pr9ciples4 ,!n we des]ve success4 ,b fair means only %\ld be employ$4 ,x is s h>d to see an adv]s>y triumph ev51 :5 conv9c$ ( ! correctness ( 8 position1 t we c sc>cely =be> employ+ e artifice to prev5t su* a result4 ,b we %\ld nev] misrepres5t our oppon5t4 ,ev5 if he has be5 un=tunate 9 8 explanations1 & leaves ! way op5 = a natural misconception1 we %\ld use our be/ ef=ts to und]/& :at he really means1 & give him ! cr$it ( t4 ,we mu/ also all[ 8 reason+ its due =ce4 ,no j argum5t ought ev] to be weak5$4 ,let u br+ =w>d our views1 &1 if possible1 %[ t !y are tru] & m firmly bas$ ?an 84 ,& if we see t ?is _c be done1 !re is only "o manly c\rse left--to surr5d] at discretion4 ,if we _c ma9ta9 our views by cle> pro(1 we %\ld ab&on !m1 & seek o!rs t ne$ no que/ionable support4 ,,"p ,,iv4 ,,em95t ,,extempore ,,speak]s4 ,,augu/9e--,,lu!r--,,*a?am--,,pitt--,,bu rke--,,mirabeau--,,patrick ,,h5ry--,,:itefield--,,wesley--,,sidney ,,smi?--,f4 ,w4 ,,rob]tson--,,clay--,,bascom--,,summ]fie ld--,,spurgeon--,h4 ,w4 ,,bee*]--,,b+ham--,,glad/one--,,simpson- -,,w5dell ,,phillips--,j4 ,p4 ,,durb94 ,,em95t ,,speak]s4 ,,use ,,( ,,examples4 ,not)/&+ ! popul>ity ( unwritt5 spee*1 & ! innum]able argum5ts 9 its favor1 !re is an impression 9 "s qu>t]s t ! v highe/ excell5ce _c be atta9$ )\t ! previ\s use ( ! p54 ,x may be %[n t x is m natural to f9d ! words 9 :i* our ?\ghts are clo!d at ! mom5t ( expression2 t a /rong] & bett] frame-"w ( ?\ght c be con/ruct$1 if ! m9d1 9 prep>+ = spee*1 is occupi$ ) t alone2 t ! speak] & he>] may ?us be br\ght into clos] union2 t ?is1 9 %ort1 is ! ord] ( nature1 :i* leaves ! solid frame-"w ( ! tree /&+ ?r\gh _m w9t]s1 b ea* spr+ be/[s its graceful robe ( leaves ^u t :i* 0 prep>$ to receive x4 ,b ?is is n en\gh to produce la/+ conviction4 ,x is /ill ma9ta9$1 almo/ ) ob/9acy1 t 9 ! highe/ fields ( oratory1 words mu/ be previ\sly *os51 fitt$ toge!r1 & poli%$4 ,?is ne>ly e spee*-writ] proves f 8 own exp]i5ce4 ,! ef=ts t h af=d$ him mo/ satisfaction 7 ^? 9 :i* no?+ _h be5 left to ! *ance ( ! mom5t4 ,b x is easy to see h[ ev5 exp]i5ce may mislead 9 ?is p>ticul>4 ,we c judge ! comp>ative m]its ( ano!r 9 8 diff]5t modes ( address ) "s approa* to accuracy1 = our m5tal /ate--t ( li/5]s--cont9ues ! same "u !m all4 ,b x is diff]5t :5 we judge ourselves4 ,:5 we extemporize1 our be/ expressions fade f ! m9d aft] !y h be5 giv5 =?1 & c only be recall$ by a /rong ef=t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :5 we h wr\ght our language sl[ly1 & l+]$ ov] ea* s5t5ce1 we see all ! beauty x conta9s1 & beg9 to admire our own production4 ,if we see any?+ faulty1 in/ead ( lam5t+ x1 z we w\ld an un=tunate1 spok5 s5t5ce1 we *ange x1 & take cr$it = ! ke5ness ( our critical ta/e4 ,is x wond]ful t :5 we come be=e an audi5ce ) an address made z ne>ly p]fect z we c con/ruct x 9 e l9e1 & ! :ole cle>ly writt51 or firmly engrav$ on ! memory1 & !n repeat x1 ) a full appreciation ( ea* beauty z we pass along1 t we consid] x to be ( f> high] m]it ?an ! impassion$ torr5t p\r$ =? on ano!r occasion1 :5 we sc>cely knew t we 7 us+ words at all8 ,if ! p d n seem to appreciate x1 _! want ( ta/e & culture af=ds a ready excuse = !m1 ev5 if ! speak] is n too mu* occupi$ ) 8 own eloqu5ce to notice !m at all4 ,he is always ready1 too1 ) ! examples ( ,massillon & ,bossuet1 or ( ,*alm]s1 to prove t x 0 ?us ! mo/ p[]ful orators spoke4 ,we d n d5y t great effects may be produc$1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 by committ$ words4 ,! fact t _m actors h won great fame by repeat+ ! words ( o!rs1 proves h[ mu* may be done 9 ?is direction4 ,x is b reasonable1 t if "s gift$ m9ds c ?rill an audi5ce to te>s1 & r\se e feel+ to its highe/ b5t by m]ely copy+ o!rs1 t ^? :o1 9 addition to ?is ability1 possess ! p[] ( fram+ _! own ?\ghts 9 suitable words1 may accompli% z mu*4 ,john ,b4 ,g\gh is an in/ance ( ! p[] t may be wield$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,b su* m5 _c occupy ! highe/ position 9 ! temple ( fame4 ,!y are b actors4 ,:5 !y speak !y w be li/5$ to ) eag]ness & pleasure1 z great p]=m]s always are1 b x w be z p]=m]s r ?an z au?orities4 ,!y h plac$ !mselves on a level ) ^? :o deal 9 unreal ?+s1 & !re !y mu/ be cont5t to rema94 ,d\btless x is m noble to speak ! s5tim5ts & feel+s t we once possess$1 9 ! language adapt$ to t "t1 ?an to deal 9 ^? belong+ to ano!r p]son1 b ! resemblance betwe5 ! two is v close1 & ! p feel x s acutely t !y make no discrim9ation4 ,b we ma9ta9 t ev5 9 mom5t>y effect--! quality :i* is suppos$ to belong peculi>ly to ! p[]ful declamation ( prep>$ language--extempore speak]s h pass$ beyond all o!rs2 :ile 9 p[] ( ?\ght & la/+ influ5ce1 !re c be no comp>ison4 ,!re is no s+le quality ( spee* t _c be rea*$ z well )\t writ+ z ) x1 :ile p]petual read9ess1 va/ & pr(\nd k 7:i* writ+ ext5sively leaves no "t to acquire71 & weight & au?ority ) ! p1 belong almo/ exclusively to ! extemporiz]4 ,^! ass]tions may seem bold to _m1 b we are prep>$ to sub/antiate !m4 ,9 ! prec$+ pages we h aim$ to %[ h[ ?is species ( address may be acquir$1 & improv$ to an almo/ unlimit$ degree4 ,! ideal ?us sket*$ is n an impossible or imag9>y "o4 ,x has (t5 be5 atta9$1 & = ! enc\ragem5t ( ^? :o may be dispos$ to ?r[ away _! manuscripts1 & tru/ to ! me?od ( nature1 ! foll[+ examples are select$4 ,^! are *os5 because ( _! em95ce1 & also because ( ! wide v>iety ( qualities display$ 9 _! eloqu5ce4 ,_m m might be giv51 b ^! are suffici5t = our purpose1 :i* is to %[ t 9 e dep>tm5t ( spee* ! highe/ eloqu5ce t ev] fl[$ f ! lips ( m5 has clo!d itself 9 unprem$itat$ words4 ,9 ^! sket*es we1 ( c\rse1 make no pret5sion to orig9ality1 b h compil$ :at 0 adapt$ to our purpose f e available s\rce4 ,& z ! matt] s obta9$ has be5 frequ5tly abridg$1 & two or ?ree diff]5t acc\nts wov5 toge!r1 x has sometimes be5 impossible to give full cr$it4 ,we are "u especial obligation to ! 8,new ,am]ican ,cyclop$ia10 ,mo%eim's ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 ,/ev5s's ,hi/ory ( ,me?odism1 ,h>%a's 8,orators & ,/atesm510 8,kidd]'s ,homiletics10 ) ! curr5t biographies ( ! speak]s treat$ (4 ,mu* ( ! oratory ( antiquity 0 recit$4 ,?is has be5 us$ z an argum5t to prove ! comp>ative inf]iority ( t spee* :i* is ! (fspr+ ( ! mom5t1 =gett+ ! great diff]5ce betwe5 anci5t & mod]n life--a diff]5ce aris+ f ! great] div]sity ( ! latt]1 & ! nobl] aims to :i* x gives bir?4 ,! typical ,grecian oration is z mu* a "w ( art z a /atue4 ,x 0 made to be admir$1 & if1 by ! beauty ( its arrangem5t1 ! melody ( its language1 & ! elegance ( its deliv]y1 ?is object 0 a*iev$1 ! orator 0 satisfi$4 ,x 0 s1 to a less degree1 9 ! classic age ( ,rome4 ,! =m ( ! oration 0 ( great] importance ?an its matt]1 & x 0 judg$ t ?is w\ld be be/ p]fect$ by ! use ( ! p51 & ( ! memory4 ,yet ! practice ( antiquity on ?is po9t 0 f> f uni=m4 ,"s ( ! noble/ orators spoke extempore1 & h less fame ?an ^? :o adopt$ ! opposite plan1 only because at t "t ! art ( report+ 0 too imp]fect to pres]ve _! eloqu5ce4 ,! effect !y produc$ rema9s1 & f x we obta9 a fa9t view ( _! greatness4 ,p]icles spoke )\t previ\s writ+1 & ! sway 8 spee* e/abli%$ ov] 8 c\ntrym5 0 m undisput$ ?an t ( ,demo/h5es4 ,! latt] _h an assemblage ( tal5ts t1 ) 8 tireless indu/ry1 w\ld h made him em95t 9 any mode ( address t he might h adopt$2 b ev5 he did n recite exclusively4 ,! great rival ( ,cic]o1 ,hort5sius1 ^: wond]ful p[] excit$ ! emulation ( ! =m]1 spoke f ! impulse ( ! mom5t1 z did _m ( ! m em95t ( ! ,roman orators4 ,cic]o 0 a man ( tireless en]gy4 ,he appli$ himself to ! /udy & practice ( eloqu5ce ) a s+l5ess ( aim1 & a conc5tration ( purpose t may well comm& our admiration4 ,he accumulat$ va/ /ores ( k1 p]fect$ 8 logic1 & improv$ 8 voice until x became music1 & br\ght all ! res\rces ( a mighty m9d to be> on oratory4 ,x is n wond]ful t he 0 li/5$ to ) pr(\nd att5tion1 :ile he recit$ :at he _h previ\sly compos$4 ,b "s ( 8 mo/ brilliant passages 7 extemporane\s4 ,! outbur/ t ov]:elm$ ,catil9e :5 he unexpect$ly appe>$ 9 ! s5ate1 0 co9$1 at :ite heat1 by ! passion ( ! mom5t4 ,! reason :y s _m ( ! anci5ts committ$ _! spee*es1 0 because !y c\ld n be pres]v$ o!rwise1 unless ! orator c\ld rememb] & write d[n :at he _h said4 ,e unwritt5 spee* p]i%$1 & left no?+ b a dim memory ( ! results x _h produc$4 ,?is is ! reason :y ! extempore speak]s ( ! anci5t _w are less kn[n ?an ! recit]s4 ,b ! art ( %ort-h& has effect$ a revolution 9 ?is p>ticul>1 & ! mo/ impassion$ spee*es are n[ photograph$ = ! admiration ( future g5]ations4 ,! man :o wi%es 8 spee* pres]v$ is no long] compell$ to write x4 ,,e>ly ,,prea*+ ,,9 ,,! ,,*ur*4 ,we may be sure t ! prea*+ ( ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les 0 )\t notes4 ,x seems sc>cely less ?an pr(anation to picture ev5 ! latt] z read+ f a previ\sly prep>$ manuscript1 aft] !y _h be5 promis$ ! help ( ! ,_s 9 ! h\r :5 help 0 ne$$2 & x is inconceivable t ! ,savi\r %\ld h tak5 any o!r mode ( imp>t+ ,8 wisdom to m51 ?an t ( direct address4 ,paul deprecat$ ! eloqu5ce ( m]e words1 al?\gh ! sket* ( 8 s]mon on ,m>s' ,hill1 ) o!r addresses1 %[s t he did n neglect ! eloqu5ce ( ?\ght1 & ! /r5g? ( ord]ly1 logical arrangem5t4 ,we h no direct evid5ce ( ! mann] ( prea*+ 9 ! fir/ c5tury1 b f all intimations we are l$ to conclude t s]mons 7 compos$ )\t ! use ( ! p51 & consi/$ ( easy1 famili> scripture expositions & d$uctions ( moral lessons4 ,orig51 ! mo/ celebrat$ div9e ( ! ?ird c5tury1 prea*$ )\t manuscript1 & ,eusebius says ( him3 8,!n1 z 0 to be expect$1 our religion spread+ m & m1 & our bre?r5 beg9n+ to conv]se m freely ) all1 ,orig51 :o !y say 0 n[ m ?an sixty ye>s ( age1 & :o1 f long practice1 _h acquir$ great facility 9 disc\rs+1 p]mitt$ 8 disc\rses to be tak5 d[n by ready writ]s1 a ?+ :i* he _h nev] all[$ be=e40 ,?is %[s n only t he _h be5 accu/om$ to prea* extempore1 b t he w\ld n p]mit ! sket*es ( 8 s]mons :i* c\ld be made by ! imp]fect report+ ( t day1 to be publi%$ until late 9 life4 ,?is w\ld be v natural1 :5 un/udi$ explanation 0 ! ma9 object ( ! address1 b v unnatural if ! s]mon _h be5 writt5 accord+ to ! rules ( rhetorical composition4 ,9 ! s]mons ( ,*ryso/om !re are _m passages :i* c\ld n1 f _! nature1 h be5 precompos$1 & ^! are among ! mo/ brilliant ( all4 ,b ,augu/9e1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 af=ds u a /ill m conclusive pro( ( ! p[] ( ! natural mode ( address4 ,,augu/9e4 ,! fa!r ( ?is great man 0 a pagan1 b 8 "m 0 a ,*ri/ian4 ,%e 0 a mo/ rem>kable woman1 & f h] he d\btless inh]it$ "s ( ! /ronge/ elem5ts ( 8 "*4 ,h] pray]s = 8 conv]sion 7 almo/ cont9ual1 b = _m ye>s produc$ no app>5t result4 ,he plung$ into _m excesses1 & liv$ a mo/ irregul> life1 b f ?is he 0 ar\s$ by ! dea? ( 8 fa!r1 & by ! /udy ( philosophy4 ,= a "t ! latt] seem$ to satisfy 8 ard5t m9d1 b soon he saw its insuffici5cy1 became an e>ne/ se>*] = tru?1 & explor$ ! writ+s ( ! sages ( antiquity )\t be+ able to f9d any?+ on :i* he c\ld re/4 ,! problems ( life press$ ^u him ) a t]rible weight1 & he 0 too pr(\nd a ?9k] to be satisfi$ ) any sup]ficial explanation4 ,! doctr9e ( ! anci5t ,p]sians--t ( ! two antagoni/ic pr9ciples ( good & evil 9 ! _w--= a :ile *>m$ 8 imag9ation1 b its influ5ce ov] him soon pass$ away4 ,dur+ all ?is "t he 0 ris+ 9 fame z a tea*] ( rhetoric & eloqu5ce1 & _h e/abli%$ a s*ool 9 ,rome :i* became widely celebrat$4 ,8 reputation z a tea*] caus$ him to be summon$ to ,milan1 :]e ! ,emp]or !n 04 ,! great prea*]1 ,ambrose1 !n 9 ! z5i? ( 8 p[]1 (ficiat$ 9 t city4 ,augu/9e he>d him1 & felt t 8 d\bts 7 answ]$4 ,b x requir$ a t]rible /ruggle be=e he c\ld yield1 & x 0 only aft] he _h pass$ ! :ole s]ies ( ,*ri/ian doctr9es 9 review1 & te/$ !m by all 8 mighty p[] ( argum5t1 t he at la/ repos$ 9 ! tru?4 ,! joy ( 8 good "m c sc>cely be conceiv$ at ?is answ] to h] unceas+ pray]1 & %e soon pass$ away triumphantly4 ,he sp5t a %ort p]iod 9 seclusion & pr(\nd m$itation1 0 !n baptiz$1 & f\r ye>s aft] began to prea*4 ,! success ( ,augu/9e 0 z great 9 prea*+ z x _h be5 9 tea*+1 & he 0 promot$ to ! (fice ( ,bi%op4 ,8 p[] 0 soon felt all ov] ! ,*ri/ian _w4 ,he at once ent]$ on a c\rse ( labor l t ( ,:itefield & ,wesley1 b /ill m v>i$4 ,he prea*$ once e day1 & sometimes twice2 visit$ ! sick & poor ) great assiduity2 gov]n$ 8 diocese wisely2 0 ! ,*ri/ian *ampion aga9/ almo/ innum]able =ms ( h]esy all ov] ! _w2 compos$ "s mo/ beautiful hymns2 wrote ext5sive comm5t>ies t are /ill valu$2 kept up a va/ correspond5ce ) emp]ors1 k+s1 & *ur* dignit>ies ev]y:]e2 & indit$ works ( !ology1 lit]ature1 criticism1 & philosophy 9 imm5se pr(usion4 ,"s ( ^! w live z long z ! language 9 :i* !y are writt5 is kn[n4 ,= ?irty-five ye>s he rema9$ at 8 po/1 & di$ at la/1 :ile 8 city 0 beleagur$ by a b>b>ian army1 9 "t to escape witness+ ! ru9 t bur/ on ! flock he _h s long lov$ & s]v$4 ,! p[] ( ,augu/9e z a prea*] c sc>cely be ov]rat$4 ,ev]y:]e ! p flock$ to he> him1 & ! mo/ endur+ fruits foll[$ 8 m9i/ry4 ,8 s]mons 7 n calculat$ simply to w9 admiration = ! prea*]1 b po9t$ to ! holi] life1 & l$ m5 to love & /rive aft] x4 ,he 0 ! real f\nd] ( :at is kn[n at ! pres5t day z ,calv9ism1 & by 8 va/ p[] made x ! prevail+ doctr9e ( ! *ur* = c5turies aft] 8 dea?4 ,!re c be no "q ab\t 8 s9c]ity & e>ne/ness1 & j z little reg>d+ ! influ5ce ( 8 solemn eloqu5ce4 ,he quiet$ tumults1 *ang$ ! op9ions ( :ole t[ns1 & wield$ assemblies at 8 w4 ,he left a l>ge numb] ( s]mons 9 a fragm5t>y condition1 b fully ju/ify+ all t 8 contempor>ies h writt5 ( him4 ,x is n possible t su* a man %\ld h read or recit$ 8 disc\rses4 ,to h done s w\ld h left him no "t = su* gr& works z ! 8,confessions10 8,city ( ,god10 & o!rs too num]\s to m5tion1 :i* w endure :ile ! _w /&s4 ,b he has n left u 9 d\bt z to 8 mode ( prea*+4 ,he enjo9s ! 8,*ri/ian tea*]0 to make 8 he>]s compreh5d :at he says1 8to read 9 ! eyes & c\nt5ances ( 8 auditors :e!r !y und]/& him or n1 & to repeat ! same ?+ by giv+ x diff]5t t]ms1 till he p]ceives t x is und]/ood1 an advantage :i* ^? _c h :o1 by a s]vile dep5d5ce on _! memories1 le>n _! s]mons by he>t1 & repeat !m z s _m lessons4 ,let n ! prea*] become ! s]vant ( words2 r let words be s]vants to ! prea*]40 ,9 8 *>ity1 h[ev]1 he does all[ ( recit+ "u c]ta9 circum/ances4 8,^? :o are de/itute ( inv5tion1 b c speak well1 provid$ !y select well writt5 discussions ( ano!r man & commit !m to memory = ! in/ruction ( _! he>]s1 w n d badly if !y take ?is c\rse40 ,,lu!r4 ,! "n ( ,lu!r is s well kn[n t x w n be necess>y to give m ?an a v brief sket* ( 8 wond]ful life4 ,! peasant1 :o 0 rais$ by 8 virtues to m ?an k+ly p[]1 & to be ! lead] ( ! greate/ religi\s movem5t ( mod]n times1 _c be a /rang] to ! _w4 ,lu!r 0 br$ 9 ! mid/ ( pov]ty & almo/ ( want4 ,z he grew old]1 8 fa!r1 :o 0 a k9d-he>t$1 ?\gh /]n man1 began to rise 9 ! _w1 & f\nd means to s5d him to s*ool4 ,! patronage ( a weal?y lady nam$ ,cotta1 0 also ( great b5efit to him4 ,he 0 di/+ui%$ v e>ly = quickness & pr(undity ( intellect1 & ! highe/ hopes 7 =m$ ( him4 ,b 9 ! mid/ ( flatt]+ prospects1 he 0 deeply convict$ ( s91 & t]rifi$ conc]n+ 8 spiritual /ate4 ,aft] he _h sp5t a long "t 9 m5tal /ruggles1 full ( agony1 he resolv$ to become a monk1 z ! sure/ way ( allay+ all d\bt1 & obta9+ ! spiritual re/ = :i* he long$4 ,8 fa!r nev] =gave ?is /ep1 until 8 son /ood 9 direct opposition to ! p[] ( ,rome4 ,b ! ard5t he>t ( ,lu!r c\ld n f9d peace 9 ! dull r\t9e ( a conv5t life1 & e spiritual trial 0 r$\bl$4 ,at la/1 :ile he 0 read+ 9 an old copy ( ! ,bible1 :i* he _h f\nd 9 ! libr>y ( ! conv5t1 ! great doctr9e ( ju/ification by fai? dawn$ ^u him ) all ! fre%ness ( a new revelation4 ,he at once began to tea* ! p ! same bless$ doctr9e1 ) ! mo/ gratify+ results4 ,8 prea*+ 0 m>k$ by great p[]1 & soon 8 sph]e wid5$4 ,he 0 made a doctor ( div9ity 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,witt5b]g1 & began to lecture on ,paul's ,epi/les1 & ! ,psalms4 ,he 0 /ill a devot$ adh]5t ( ,rome1 al?\gh he taught ! /ud5ts "u 8 c>e to look to ! ,scriptures z ! f\nta9 ( all au?ority4 ,b ! g]ms ( ! ,re=mation 7 already hid 9 8 own m9d1 & x only requir$ circum/ances to br+ !m into vigor\s life4 ,^! 7 soon suppli$4 ,:5 a monk came to ,witt5b]g1 sell+ p>dons = e k9d ( s91 ev5 t :i* 0 to be committ$1 ,lu!r felt x 8 duty to w>n ! p aga9/ any dep5d5ce on su* s\rces ( =giv5ess4 ,! ,pope took "p ) ! monk 9 ! /rife t foll[$2 & ! conte/ w5t f "o po9t to ano!r1 until ! ,pope hurl$ a decree ( excommunication at ,lu!r1 :i* he burn$1 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 adh]5ts1 z a tok5 ( defiance & contempt4 ,! re=mation spread wond]fully1 & al?\gh surr\nd$ on e side by ?reat5+s & enemies1 ! life ( ?is great man 0 sp>$1 & = ye>s he ex]t$ an influ5ce 9 ,g]many n second to t ( ! ,emp]or himself4 ,:5 he fell at la/1 9 ! mid/ ( 8 labors1 ! p m\rn$ = him z = a p]sonal b5efactor4 ,all ?r\gh 8 life1 ,lu!r _h ! secret ( rea*+ ! he>ts ( ! p 9 a wond]ful mann]4 ,no o!r ( ! great m5 :o ab\nd$ at t "t possess$ a ti! ( 8 p[] 9 ?is respect4 ,x has be5 said 8t 8 words 7 half battles40 ,8 disc\rses 7 n smoo? or graceful1 yet x 0 n = want ( ability to secure ^! qualities1 = he _h great comm& ( e /yle ( language1 & lov$ s(t] & m ornam5t$ spee* 9 o!rs2 b he 0 too mu* 9 e>ne/1 ) an empire1 & ! va/e/ hi]>*y ! _w ev] saw1 array$ aga9/ him1 to /ay to use !m4 ,:5ev] he prea*$ ! p w\ld flock toge!r f great di/ances1 & li/5 z to a prophet1 :ile he unfold$ ! gr& & simple plan ( salvation 9 ! pla9e/ words4 ,he _h e elem5t ( a great prea*]4 ,8 imag9ation 0 mo/ vivid1 & he did n fail to use x to ! utmo/4 ,he c\ld pa9t a sc5e 9 all ! complet5ess ( action be=e 8 he>]s1 & awak5 _! te>s or smiles at 8 w4 ,he us$ no manuscript1 b spoke f ! va/ fulness ( k he possess$ on e subject4 ,8 p5 0 employ$ z well z 8 voice4 ,by x he n only produc$ a great numb] ( books t advanc$ ! cause ( ! ,re=mation almo/ z mu* z 8 spok5 ef=ts1 b by ! comb9ation ( ! two me?ods ( expression1 writ+ to meet ! eye & speak+ = ! e>1 he taught himself bo? accuracy & read9ess1 & 0 ?us prep>$ = ! "p he 0 call$ ^u to act4 ,add$ to ^!1 7 8 /rong emotions1 & indomitable w1 :i* gave him an en]gy t bore e ?+ be=e him4 ,= beauty & grace 9 !mselves he c>$ no?+1 b :5 !y came unbidd51 z !y (t5 did1 !y 7 welcome4 ,he rightly e/imat$ 8 own "* & "w :5 he said 8t he 0 r\gh1 boi/]\s1 /ormy1 & altoge!r w>like2 born to fight innum]able devils & mon/]s1 to remove /umps & /ones1 to cut d[n ?i/les & ?orns1 & to cle> ! wild woods40 ,,"l ,,*a?am4 ,x may well be d\bt$ :e!r ! eloqu5ce ( ?is great & wond]ful man did n surpass t ( ei!r ,cic]o or ,demo/h5es4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! effects he repeat$ly produc$ h nev] be5 surpass$4 ,& he _h n to deal ) a populace easily mov$1 al?\gh cultivat$ 9 "s p>ticul>s1 z !y _h2 b 8 mightie/ triumphs 7 won 9 ! ,briti% ,p>liam5t1 f an acute1 critical1 & (t5 ho/ile assembly4 ,8 example1 ) t ( 8 son1 :o 0 almo/ equally great1 af=d an irrefutable answ] to ^? :o d\bt ! capacity ( unwritt5 spee* to convey impressions z mighty z any ev] produc$ by man4 ,he 0 born 9 #agjh1 & 0 educat$ at ,ox=d1 quitt+ x )\t a degree1 b ) a brilliant reputation4 ,soon aft] he ent]$ ,p>liam5t1 & ga9$ su* p[] t he 0 %ortly advanc$ to ! (fice ( ,prime ,m9i/]4 ,?is 0 9 ! reign ( ,george ,,ii4 & at ! op5+ ( ! ,sev5 ,ye>s ,w>1 by :i* ,engl& won ! prov9ce ( ,canada1 & became ! mo/ p[]ful empire 9 ! _w4 ,b :5 he took ! re9s ( gov]nm5t x 0 f> diff]5t4 ,! armies ( ! nation _h be5 beat5 9 e qu>t]1 & ! p 7 almo/ 9 despair4 ,b he infus$ new _s into !m1 & by 8 en]gy & f>sight$ comb9ations1 won ! mo/ glori\s s]ies ( triumphs t ev] cr[n$ ! arms ( ,engl&4 ,8 fame did n cease :5 he left ! m9i/ry1 &1 9 ,am]ica at lea/1 he is be/ kn[n = 8 fri5dly words to u dur+ ! revolution>y w>4 ,he oppos$ ) all ! /r5g? ( 8 wondr\s eloqu5ce ! oppressive measures t provok$ ! coloni/s to revolution4 ,yet !re 0 no elem5t ( fe> or compromise 9 8 disposition4 ,he only oppos$ ! m9i/ry 9 _! gov]nm5t ( our c\ntry because he believ$ _! measures to be unju/4 ,b :51 aft] sev5 ye>s ( defeat & disa/]1 ! body ( ! nation became conv9c$ t ! ,am]icans nev] c\ld be conqu]$1 & ! proposition 0 made to recognize _! indep5d5ce1 ,*a?am f\ght aga9/ ! accompli%m5t ( ! sep>ation ) all 8 vigor4 ,he made 8 la/ spee* on ?is subject1 & :ile ! h\se 0 /ill "u ! solemn awe t foll[$ 8 address1 he 0 /rick5 d[n by apoplexy & borne home to die4 ,we h little ^u :i* to base an e/imate ( ?is almo/ unequall$ orator1 save ! effect he produc$ ^u 8 contempor>ies4 ,no?+ has be5 pres]v$ ( 8 spee*es1 b a few passages t /amp$ !mselves indelibly ^u ! m9ds ( 8 he>]s4 ,yet ?r\gh 8 eloqu5ce1 back$ by 8 /rong w1 he 0 = _m ye>s virtually dictator ( ,engl&1 & ev5 :5 mo/ alone1 sc>cely any "o d>$ to meet him 9 debate4 ,_m curi\s in/ances are giv5 ( ! uncontroll$ asc5d5cy he obta9$ ov] ! ,h\se ( ,commons4 ,8 mo/ celebrat$ rival 0 ,murray1 ,e>l ( ,mansfield1 :o _h j be5 promot$ to ! (fice ( ,attorney-,g5]al1 :5 ! incid5t n>rat$ bel[ occurr$4 ,*a?am made a spee*1 really int5d$ to ov]:elm ,murray1 b on a totally diff]5t subject4 ,fox says 8e ^w 0 ,,murray1 yet s manag$ t nei!r he nor anybody else c\ld take public notice ( x or 9 any way repreh5d him4 ,i sat ne> ,murray1 :o suff]$ = an h\r4 ,at its close he us$ an expression t at once became prov]bial40 ,aft] ! unhappy ,attorney _h wri!d = a "t1 & endur$ ! t]rible1 b indirect1 satire ( ,*a?am until endurance 0 sc>cely possible any long]1 ! latt] /opp$1 ?rew 8 pi]c+ eyes ar\nd z if 9 se>* ( some?+1 !n fix+ _! :ole =ce on 8 victim1 exclaim$1 8,i mu/ n[ address a few words to ,mr4 ,attorney2 !y %all be few1 b !y %all be dagg]s60 ,murray 0 agitat$2 ! look 0 cont9u$1 & ! agitation became s uncontrollable z to be notic$ by ! :ole h\se4 8,felix trembles10 ro>$ ,*a?am1 9 a voice ( ?und]1 8he %all he> me "s o!r day40 ,murray 0 too completely /rick5 to attempt a reply4 ,on ano!r occasion1 hav+ f9i%$ a spee*1 he walk$ out ( ! h\se ) a sl[ /ep1 be+ at ! "t an habitual invalid4 ,!re 0 a pr(\nd sil5ce until he 0 pass+ ?r\gh ! door4 ,!n a memb] />t$ up1 say+1 8,mr4 ,speak]1 ,i rise to reply to ! "r honorable g5tleman40 ,*a?am caught ! s\nd1 turn$ back1 & fix$ 8 eye on ! orator1 :o in/antly sat d[n4 ,he !n walk$ sl[ly to 8 seat1 repeat+ 9 ,lat91 z he hobbl$ along1 ! l9es f ,virgil1 9 :i* is describ$ ! t]ror ( ! ,grecian gho/s :5 neas ent]$ ! d>k realm3 8,! ,grecian *iefs4444 ,:5 !y beheld ! ,,man ) %9+ arms ,amid ^? %ades1 trembl$ ) sodd5 fe>1 444 & rais$ ,a feeble outcry2 b ! s\nd comm5c$1 ,di$ on _! gurgl+ lips40 ,rea*+ 8 seat1 he exclaim$ 9 a tone t t]rifi$ ! :ole h\se1 8,n[ let me he> :at ! honorable g5tleman has to say to me40 ,!re 0 no response1 & ! :ole body 0 too mu* aw$ to laugh at ! situation ( ! poor orator4 ,yet he did n deal 9 ! t]rible & ov]p[]+ all ! "t4 ,9 a mo/ eloqu5t spee* 9 opposition to a measure t he believ$ violat$ ! sanctity ( ! ,engli% home1 he gave ! foll[+ description ( t privilege :i* is ju/ly ! pr\de/ boa/ ( an ,engli%man4 ,a s+le passage is all t rema9s1 b x w n soon be =gott53 8,! poore/ man may 9 8 cottage bid defiance to all ! =ces ( ! ,cr[n4 ,x may be frail--its ro( may %ake--! w9d may bl[ ?r\gh x--! /orm may ent]--! ra9 may ent]--b ! ,k+ ( ,engl& _c ent]6--all 8 =ces d>e n cross ! ?re%old ( ! ru9$ t5em5t60 ,"l ,macaulay1 :o 0 9 no s5se fri5dly to ! great orator1 gives him a gl[+ eulogy3 8,8 figure1 :5 he fir/ appe>$ 9 ,p>liam5t1 0 /rik+ly graceful & comm&+1 8 features high & noble1 8 eye full ( fire4 ,8 voice1 ev5 :5 x sank to a :isp]1 0 he>d to ! remote/ b5*es2 :5 he /ra9$ x to its full ext5t1 ! s\nd rose l ! swell ( ! organ ( a great ca!dral1 %ook ! h\se ) its peal1 & 0 he>d ?r\gh lobbies1 & d[n /aircases1 to ! ,c\rt ( ,reque/s1 & ! prec9cts ( ,we/m9/] ,hall4 ,he cultivat$ all ^! em95t advantages ) ! mo/ assidu\s c>e4 ,8 action is describ$ by a v malignant obs]v] z equal to t ( ,g>rick4 ,8 play ( c\nt5ance 0 wond]ful2 he frequ5tly disconc]t$ a ho/ile orator by a s+le glance ( indignation or scorn4 ,e tone1 f ! impassion$ cry to ! ?rill+ aside1 0 p]fectly at 8 comm&40 ,he 0 a truly extemporane\s speak]1 & seldom attempt$ any o!r /yle4 ,:5 he did he fail$4 ,8 memory 0 /rong & ret5tive1 & 8 m9d s fully /or$ ) in=mation on e subject t he 0 always ready = debate4 ,"s ( 8 gr&e/ ef=ts 7 call$ =? by an unexpect$ circum/ance1 or a s+le glance ( 8 eye4 ,once1 :ile reply+ to ,suffolk1 he caught a view ( ! tape/ry on :i* 0 pa9t$ "s ( ! a*ievem5ts ( ! ance/ors ( t "l1 & in/antly seiz$ ! h9t x convey$ & gave expression to "o ( ! noble/ bur/s ( eloqu5ce 9 any language4 ,"o ( 8 contempor>ies says3 8,:5 )\t =e?\ght or any o!r prep>ation ?an ^? tal5ts nature _h suppli$1 & education cultivat$1 ,*a?am rose--/irr$ to ang] by "s sudd5 subt]fuge ( corruption1 or device ( tyranny--!n 0 he>d an eloqu5ce nev] surpass$ ei!r 9 anci5t or mod]n times4 ,x 0 ! highe/ p[] ( expression m9i/]+ to ! highe/ p[] ( ?\ght40 ,,william ,,pitt4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ! y\ng] ,pitt succe$$ to ! tal5ts & position ( ! eld] is "o ( ! mo/ wond]ful ?+s 9 hi/ory4 ,8 fa!r tra9$ him f 8 infancy 9 ! models :i* he himself _h imitat$ s successfully4 ,"s ( ^! means ( improvem5t1 :i* at lea/ assi/$ 9 produc+ ! peculi> "* ( ! eloqu5ce ( fa!r & son1 are wor?y ( our att5tion4 ,!y bo? translat$ f ! be/ classical au?ors1 committ$ to memory *oice passages f ! poets1 & prose writ]s !y valu$1 ?us acquir+ great comm& ( words4 ,) su* previ\s tra9+1 x w\ld h be5 useless = !m to write ev5 9 _! mo/ elaborate ef=ts4 ,:5 ! y\ng] ,pitt _h f9i%$ ! traditional college c\rse & 0 admitt$ to ! b>1 he also ent]$ ,p>liam5t1 be+ !n only tw5ty-?ree ye>s ( age4 ,he deliv]$ 8 fir/ spee*1 :i* 0 entirely unprem$itat$1 only ab\t a mon? aft]w>d4 ,x took ! h\se by /orm4 ,9 ! mid/ ( t brilliant assembly1 accu/om$ to ! eloqu5ce ( ,fox1 ,burke1 & o!rs wor?y ( any age1 !re 0 a univ]sal bur/ ( en?usia/ic admiration4 ,:5 "s "o rem>k$1 8,pitt promises to be "o ( ! fir/ speak]s ev] he>d 9 ,p>liam5t10 ,fox repli$1 8,he is s already40 ,:5 only tw5ty-f\r ye>s ( age he 0 made ,prime ,m9i/]1 & held ! po/ = sev5te5 ye>s4 ,al?\gh !re is room = a wide diff]5ce ( op9ion reg>d+ _m ( 8 acts dur+ ?is "t1 !re is none conc]n+ 8 ability4 ,among o!r re=ms t he advocat$ 0 ! abolition ( ! slave trade4 ,he made a spee* on ?is subject t is /ill celebrat$4 ,wilb]=ce said t 8= ! la/ tw5ty m9utes he really seem$ to be inspir$40 ,w9dham decl>es 8t he walk$ home lo/ 9 amazem5t at ! compass1 until !n unkn[n to him1 ( human eloqu5ce40 ,pitt di$ at ! comp>atively e>ly age ( =ty-sev51 hold+ ! highe/ (fice 9 ! gift ( 8 c\ntry4 ,br\gham gives a gl[+ acc\nt ( 8 p[] z an orator4 8,he is to be plac$ )\t any d\bt 9 ! highe/ class4 ,) a sp>+ use ( ornam5t1 h>dly indulg+ m 9 figures1 or ev5 9 figurative expression1 ?an ! mo/ sev]e examples ( anci5t *a/5ess all[$--) little v>iety ( /yle1 h>dly any ( ! graces ( mann]--he no soon] rose ?an he c>ri$ away e he>]1 & kept ! att5tion fix$ & unflagg+ until x pleas$ him to let x g2 & !n 8',s *>m+ left 8 voice t we a:ile ,/ill ?\ght him speak+1 /ill /ood fix$ to he>4' 8,?is magical effect 0 produc$ by 8 unbrok5 fl[1 :i* nev] = a mom5t left ! he>] 9 pa9 or d\bt1 & yet 0 n ! mean flu5cy ( m]e relaxation1 requir+ no ef=t ( ! speak]1 b impos+ on ! li/5] a heavy task2 by 8 lucid arrangem5t1 :i* made all p>ts ( ! mo/ complicat$ subject quit _! entanglem5t & fall ea* 9 its place2 by ! cle>ness ( 8 /atem5ts :i* pres5t$ a picture to ! m9d2 by ! =cible appeals to /rict reason & /rong feel+ :i* =m$ ! great /aple ( ! disc\rse2 by ! maje/y ( ! diction2 by ! dep? & fullness ( ! mo/ sonor\s voice & ! unb5d+ dignity ( ! mann]1 :i* ev] rem9d$ u t we 7 9 ! pres5ce ( m ?an ! m]e advocate & debat]1 t !re /ood be=e u a rul] ( ! p4 ,su* 7 ! effects inv>iably ( ?is s+ul> eloqu5ce2 nor did any?+1 9 any mood ( m9d1 ev] drop f him t 0 unsuit$ to ! maje/ic frame ( ! :ole1 or c\ld di/urb ! s]5ity ( ! full & copi\s flood t roll$ along40 ,macaulay says3 8,at 8 fir/ appe>ance 9 ,p>liam5t he %[$ himself sup]ior to all 8 contempor>ies 9 comm& ( language4 ,he c\ld p\r out a long succession ( r\nd & /ately p]iods1 )\t ev] paus+ = a ^w1 )\t ev] repeat+ a ^w1 9 a voice ( silv] cle>ness1 & ) a pronunciation s articulate t n a lett] 0 slurr$ ov]40 ,^! m51 fa!r & son1 7 nev] excell$ 9 debate4 ,!y 7 always ready4 ,e advantage t ! occasion all[$ 0 tak5 at ! "t1 & ! favorable mom5t nev] w5t by :ile !y 7 prep>+4 ,!y ea* atta9$ a p[] !y nev] w\ld h possess$ _h x be5 necess>y = !m to use manuscript or dep5d on _! memory4 ,! "t o!rs h wa/$ 9 writ+ special orations1 !y employ$ 9 su* wide culture1 & 9 accumulat+ su* va/ /ores ( k1 t !y 7 always ready4 ,!y 7 able to come to great intellectual conte/s ) _! m9ds fre% & un-fagg$ by previ\s composition4 ,b x may be said t ) all _! p[] !y 7 de/itute ( poli% & beauty4 ,9 su* fragm5ts ( _! spee*es z h be5 pres]v$1 x is true t gracefulness is less conspicu\s ?an =ce1 & ! oppon5t ( unwritt5 spee* may imag9e t ?is is a necess>y consequ5ce ( ! mann] 9 :i* !y spoke4 ,! advantage !y ga9$ 0 wor? ! co/1 ev5 if ?is lack ( ! f9] & m elegant qualities ( spee* 0 inevitable4 ,b t ?is does n necess>ily result f extempore spee*1 is abundantly prov$ by ! example ( _! great rival-- ,,edmund ,,burke4 ,?is pr9ce ( imag9ative orators 0 an ,iri%man4 ,he 0 born 9 #agcj1 & graduat$ 9 ,dubl9 ,univ]sity at ! age ( tw5ty4 ,= a %ort "t aft]w>d he /udi$ law1 b soon grew we>y ( x & turn$ 8 att5tion to philosophy & lit]ature4 ,! productions ( 8 p5 spe$ily won an enviable reputation4 ,a 8,v9dication ( ,natural ,society0 0 spe$ily foll[$ by ! celebrat$ 8,essay on ! ,sublime & ,beautiful40 ,8 appe>ance 9 ,p>liam5t1 ! great ar5a ( ,briti% eloqu5ce1 0 comp>atively late 9 life1 b z soon z elect$ he gave promise ( ! great brilliancy he aft]w>d display$4 ,= m ?an ?irty ye>s he _h no sup]ior 9 t augu/ body1 & sc>cely an equal4 ,he /ood side by side ) ,pitt 9 def5ce ( ,am]ica1 & ende>$ himself to e lov] ( lib]ty 9 bo? hemisph]es4 ,! great impea*m5t ( ,w>r5 ,ha/+s 0 ma9ly br\ght ab\t by 8 influ5ce1 & af=d$ room = all 8 p[]s4 ,! w> ) ,france 0 ! la/ great !me ^u :i* 8 eloqu5ce 0 employ$1 & 9 x 8 /rongly cons]vative views ali5at$ him f mo/ ( 8 =m] fri5ds4 ,dur+ all ?is "t 8 eloqu5ce 0 a wond] bo? to fri5d & foe1 & 9 its own /yle 0 nev] equall$ 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 or 9 ! _w4 ,8 spee* on ! impea*+ ( ,w>r5 ,ha/+s1 made at ! b> ( ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 0 an unp>allel$ ef=t4 ,x ext5d$ ov] a p]iod ( f\r days1 & bore ev]y?+ be=e x4 ,on ! ?ird day ( ?is great spee*1 he describ$ ! cruelties inflict$ on "s ( ! natives ( ,india by "o ( ,ha/+s's ag5ts1 ) su* vividness t "o convulsive %udd] ran ?r\gh ! :ole assemblage1 :ile ! speak] 0 s mu* affect$ by ! picture he _h p5cil$1 t he dropp$ 8 head ^u 8 h&s1 & 0 = "s mom5ts unable to proce$4 ,"s1 :o 7 pres5t1 fell into a swoon1 :ile ev5 ,ha/+s himself1 :o disclaim$ all responsibility = ^! ?+s1 0 ov]:elm$4 ,9 speak+ ( ! matt] aft]w>ds he says3 8,= half an h\r ,i look$ ^u ! orator 9 a rev]y ( wond]1 & actually felt myself to be ! mo/ culpable man on e>?40 ,"l ,?url[1 :o 0 pres5t1 decl>es t long aft]1 _m :o 7 pres5t _h n recov]$ f ! %ock1 & probably nev] w\ld4 ,soon aft]1 ! great spee* ( ,%]idan 0 deliv]$4 ,l ,burke's1 x 0 extempore1 & no report ( x1 wor?y ! "n1 rema9s4 ,x 0 only inf]ior to ! mighty ef=t t prec$$ x4 ,a cl]gyman :o came to ! h\se /rongly prepossess$ 9 favor ( ,ha/+s1 said at ! close ( ! fir/ h\r1 to a fri5d :o sat by him1 8,?is is m]e declamation )\t pro(40 ,:5 ano!r h\r _h pass$1 he rem>k$1 8,?is is a wond]ful oration40 ,ano!r h\r w5t by1 & aga9 he spoke3 8,w>r5 ,ha/+s c]ta9ly act$ unju/ifiably40 ,at ! end ( ! f\r? h\r he said3 8,ha/+s is an atroci\s crim9al40 ,:5 ! spee* clos$ at ! end ( ! fif? h\r1 he vehem5tly decl>$1 8,( all mon/]s ( iniquity1 ,w>r5 ,ha/+s is c]ta9ly ! mo/ enorm\s40 ,= sev5 long ye>s ?is unprec$5t$ trial w5t on4 ,m ?an "o-?ird ( ^? :o sat on ! judge's b5* :5 x began 7 9 _! graves4 ,:51 at la/ x drew to a close1 ,burke made to ! ,lords a clos+ *>ge wor?y ( 8 g5ius3 8,my ,lords10 said he1 8,i h done6 ,! "p ( ! ,commons is conclud$6 ,) a trembl+ h& we consign ! product ( ^! long1 long labors to y\r *>ge4 ,take x6 ,take x6 ,x is a sacr$ tru/6 ,nev] be=e 0 a cause ( su* magnitude submitt$ to any human tribunal4444 ,my ,lords1 x has pleas$ ,provid5ce to place u 9 su* a /age t we appe> e mom5t to be on ! v]ge ( "s great mutation4 ,!re is "o ?+1 & "o ?+ only t defies mutation--t :i* exi/$ be=e ! _w itself4 ,i mean ,,ju/ice2 t ju/ice :i*1 emanat+ f ! ,div9ity1 has a place 9 ! brea/ ( e "o ( u1 giv5 u = our guide ) reg>d to ourselves & ) reg>d to o!rs2 & :i* w /& aft] ?is globe is burn$ to a%es1 our advocate or our accus] be=e our great ,judge1 :5 ,he comes to call ^u u = ! t5or ( a well sp5t life40 ,! effect ( ?is spee* ^u ! auditory 0 su* t x 0 only aft] "s "t _h elaps$1 & aft] repeat$ ef=ts1 t ,fox1 himself a giant 9 eloqu5ce1 c\ld obta9 a he>+4 ,! "* ( ,burke's eloqu5ce is well summ$ up 9 ! foll[+ acc\nt1 giv5 by ,wraxall1 "o ( 8 contempor>ies3 8,nature _h be/[$ on him a b\ndless imag9ation1 aid$ by a memory ( equal /r5g? & t5acity4 ,8 fancy 0 s vivid t x seem$ to light up by its own p[]s1 & to burn )\t consum+ ! alim5t on :i* x f$3 sometimes be>+ him away into ideal sc5es creat$ by 8 own exub]ant m9d1 b f :i* he1 soon] or lat]1 return$ to ! subject ( debate2 desc5d+ f 8 mo/ a]ial flights1 by a g5tle & imp]ceptible gradation1 till he aga9 t\*$ ! gr\nd4 ,le>n+ wait$ on him l a h&maid1 pres5t+ to 8 *oice all t antiquity has cull$ or inv5t$1 mo/ elucidatory ( ! topic "u discussion4 ,he always seem$ to be oppress$ "u ! load & v>iety ( 8 intellectual treasures4 ,e p[] ( oratory 0 wield$ by him 9 its turn2 = he c\ld be1 dur+ ! same ev5+1 (t5 )9 ! space ( a few m9utes1 pa!tic & humor\s2 acrimoni\s & conciliat+2 n[ giv+ loose to 8 indignation or sev]ity2 & !n1 almo/ 9 ! same brea?1 call+ to 8 assi/ance wit & ridicule4 ,x w\ld be endless to cite in/ances ( ?is v]satility ( 8 disposition1 & ( ! rapidity ( 8 transitions1 #8,f grave to gay1 f lively to sev]e1' t ,i h1 myself1 witness$4 4 4 4 ,:at he 0 9 public he 0 9 private2 l ! /> :i* n[ prec$es & n[ foll[s ! sun1 he 0 equally brilliant :e!r he #8,flam$ 9 ! =ehead ( ! morn+ sky1' or l$ on ) a mild] lu/] ! mode/ ho/s ( ev5+40 ,a ,fr5*man gives a graphic description ( "o ( 8 spee*es4 ,at fir/ he 0 disappo9t$ 9 8 appe>ance4 8,i c]ta9ly did n expect to f9d him 9 ! ,briti% ,p>liam5t dress$ 9 ! anci5t toga2 nor 0 ,i prep>$ to see him 9 a tight br[n coat1 :i* seem$ to imp$e e movem5t1 & above all1 ! little hat-wig ) curls4 4 4 4 ,he mov$ into ! middle ( ! h\se contr>y to ! usual practice1 = ! memb]s speak /&+ & uncov]$1 n leav+ _! places4 ,b ,mr4 ,burke1 ) ! mo/ natural air imag9able1 ) seem+ humility1 & ) fold$ arms1 began 8 spee* 9 s l[ a tone ( voice t ,i c\ld sc>cely he> him4 ,soon aft]1 h[ev]1 becom+ animat$ by degrees1 he describ$ religion attack$1 ! bonds ( subord9ation brok51 civil society ?reat5$ to its f\ndation4444 ,:5 9 ! c\rse ( ?is gr& sket*1 7to %[ t ,engl& c\ld dep5d only on h]self17 he m5tion$ ,spa91 t imm5se mon>*y1 :i* appe>$ to h fall5 into a total le?>gy3 #8,:at c we expect1' said he1 #8f h]8--mighty inde$1 b unwieldy--va/ 9 bulk1 b in]t 9 _s--a :ale /r&$ ^u ! sea %ore ( ,europe4' ,! :ole ,h\se 0 sil5t2 e m9d 0 fix$2 444 nev] 0 ! electric p[] ( eloqu5ce m imp]i\sly felt4 ,i h witness$ _m1 too _m political assemblages & /rik+ sc5es :]e eloqu5ce p]=m$ a noble "p1 b ! :ole ( !m appe> insipid :5 comp>$ ) ?is amaz+ ef=t40 ,burke 0 an extemporane\s speak] 9 ! s5se we h us$ ! ^w 9 ! prec$+ pages4 ,he ?\ght ov] ! ideas ( 8 spee* z fully z 8 "t p]mitt$1 & :5 he spoke1 ?rew !m into ! language ( ! mom5t4 ,at ! conclusion ( "o ( 8 spee*es on ! ,am]ican "q1 8 fri5ds cr[d$ ar\nd & urg$ him to write :at he _h said = ! b5efit ( ! _w4 ,he did s !n1 & also on five o!r occasions4 ,( ! hundr$s ( o!r spee*es he deliv]$ only brok5 & imp]fect fragm5ts rema94 ,burke ex]t$ himself 9 conv]sation1 & ?us improv$ 8 p[]s ( language 9 ! me?od we h recomm5d$4 ,dr4 ,johnson says ( him 9 8 oracul> way3 8,burke is an extraord9>y man4 ,8 /ream ( talk is p]petual2 & he does n talk f any desire ( di/9ction1 b because 8 m9d is full4 ,he is ! only man ^: common conv]sation corresponds ) ! g5]al fame he has 9 ! _w4 ,take him up :]e y please1 he is ready to meet y4 ,no man ( s5se c\ld meet him by accid5t "u a gateway to avoid a %[] )\t be+ conv9c$ t he 0 ! fir/ man 9 ,engl&40 ,,mirabeau4 ,! c>e] ( ,mirabeau m resembles a /range romance ?an a sob] hi/ory4 ,he 0 ( a good family1 b dur+ 8 *ildhood & e>ly manhood 8 fa!r treat$ him l a brute4 ,8 v appe>ance 0 peculi>4 ,8 head 0 ( enorm\s size1 8 body s mu* mis%ap5 t 8 fa!r1 :o p]secut$ him = 8 de=mity1 decl>$ t he look$ m l a mon/] ?an a human be+4 ,! :ole ( 8 e>ly life pres5ts a picture ( dre>9ess & mis]y exce$+ t ( almo/ any o!r man :o has ris5 to greatness4 ,sev]al times he 0 imprison$--once = ?ree ye>s & a half--by ord] ( 8 unnatural p>5t4 ,f9ally he began to use 8 p51 & soon won g5]al admiration4 ,8 fa!r1 hav+ fail$ to cru% him1 n[ became reconcil$1 & all[$ him to assume ! family "n1 :i* he _h n p]mitt$ be=e4 ,by ?is "t he _h a wide exp]i5ce ( vice1 & 0 deeply 9 debt4 ,8 /ruggles = sev]al ye>s 7 /ill sev]e4 ,b at l5g? ! great revolution came1 & he f\nd 8 true elem5t4 ,! p[]s ( spee* :i* _h already be5 display$ to a limit$ ext5t1 7 n[ ex]cis$ 9 a noble field4 ,! p soon recogniz$ 9 him ! qualities necess>y = a lead]1 & elect$ him to ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ,france4 ,"h he 0 fe>$ & respect$ by all4 ,he _h no p>ty to support him1 b work$ alone1 & (t5 by ! m]e =ce ( 8 g5ius b5t ! ,assembly to 8 w4 ,dur+ 8 :ole c>e] !re1 he 0 n an extremi/1 & = a "t be=e 8 dea? 0 engag$ 9 uphold+ ! cr[n & ! cause ( con/itutional gov]nm5t aga9/ ! p>ty ( an>*y & dea?4 ,?is lo/ him 8 unb\nd$ popul>ity ) ! fickle populace ( ,p>is1 & !y began to %\t = 8 blood4 ,he 0 *>g$ 9 ! ,assembly ) corruption1 & treason to ! cause ( lib]ty4 ,?is only prep>$ ! way = 8 triumph4 ,! v tree 0 m>k$ on :i* he 0 to be hung4 ,b he did n quail be=e ! /orm4 ,:5 he rea*$ ! hall1 he f\nd himself 9 ! mid/ ( det]m9$ enemies already drunk ) blood1 & ) no fri5d :o d>$ to speak on 8 behalf4 ,b ! m]e =ce ( eloqu5ce prevail$4 ,he spoke 9 words ( su* p[] t ! noisy multitude 0 /ill$1 & ! tide turn$4 ,aft] ?is triumph he took "p 9 e measure1 & 0 really ! guid+ p[] ( ! /ate4 ,! k+ lean$ on him z ! only /ay ( 8 reign1 & ! mod]ate ( e p>ty began to look to him z ! hope ( ,france4 ,sometimes he spoke five times 9 "o day1 & at ! s\nd ( 8 magical voice ! an>*ical ,assembly 0 hu%$ into rev]5ce & submission4 ,b 8 ex]tions 7 beyond 8 /r5g?4 ,at la/ he 0 pro/rat$4 ,e h\r ! k+ s5t to enquire ( 8 heal?1 & bullet9s ( 8 /ate 7 po/$ 9 ! /reets4 ,x seem$ z if ! de/9y ( ,france 0 to be decid$ 9 8 sick *amb]4 ,he di$1 & ! :ole nation m\rn$1 z well x might1 = no o!r h& ?an 8 c\ld hold back ! reign ( t]ror4 ,x is inde$ a problem :e!r t t]rible trag$y w\ld n h be5 prev5t$1 if he _h b liv$ a few mon?s long]4 ,"s ( ! spee*es ( ?is rem>kable man 7 recit$1 b 9 ^! he nev] atta9$ 8 full p[]4 ,a ,fr5* writ] well describes him3 8,mirabeau 9 ! tribune 0 ! mo/ impos+ ( orators1 an orator s consummate1 t x is h>d] to say :at he want$ ?an :at he possess$4 8,mirabeau _h a massive & squ>e obesity ( figure1 ?ick lips1 a =ehead broad1 bony1 prom95t2 ar*$ eyebr[s1 an eagle eye1 *eeks flat1 & some:at fle%y1 features full ( pock holes & blot*es1 a voice ( ?und]1 an enorm\s mass ( hair1 & ! face ( a lion4 8,8 mann] z an orator is t ( ! great ma/]s ( antiquity1 ) an admirable en]gy ( ge/ure1 & a vehem5ce ( diction :i* p]haps !y _h nev] rea*$4 8,mirabeau 9 8 prem$itat$ disc\rses 0 admirable4 ,b :at 0 he n 9 8 extemporane\s effusions8 ,8 natural vehem5ce1 ( :i* he repress$ ! flights 9 8 prep>$ spee*es1 broke d[n all b>ri]s 9 8 improvisations4 ,a sort ( n]v\s irritability gave !n to 8 :ole frame an almo/ pret]natural animation & life4 ,8 brea/ dilat$ ) an impetu\s brea?+4 ,8 lion face became wr9kl$ & contort$4 ,8 eyes %ot =? flame4 ,he ro>$1 he /amp$1 he %ook ! fi]ce mass ( 8 hair1 all :it5$ ) foam2 he trod ! tribune ) ! supreme au?ority ( a ma/]1 & ! imp]ial air ( a k+4 ,:at an int]e/+ spectacle to behold him1 mom5tly1 erect & exalt himself "u ! pressure ( ob/acle6 ,to see him display ! pride ( 8 comm&+ br[6 ,to see him1 l ! anci5t orator1 :51 ) all ! p[] ( 8 un*a9$ eloqu5ce1 he 0 wont to sway1 to & fro 9 ! ,=um1 ! agitat$ waves ( ! ,roman multitude4 ,!n w\ld he ?r[ by ! measur$ notes ( 8 declamation1 habitually grave & solemn4 ,!n w\ld escape him brok5 exclamations1 tones ( ?und]1 & acc5ts ( he>tr5d+ & t]rible pa?os4 ,he conceal$ ) ! fla% & color ( 8 rhetoric1 ! s9ewy argum5ts ( 8 dialectics4 ,he transport$ ! ,assembly1 because himself transport$4 ,& yet--s extraord9>y 0 8 =ce--he ab&on$ himself to ! torr5t ( 8 eloqu5ce1 )\t w&]+ f 8 c\rse2 he ma/]$ o!rs by its sov]eign sway1 )\t los+ = an in/ant 8 own self-control40 ,,patrick ,,h5ry4 ,! fame ( ?is great man _c soon be surpass$4 ,he n only produc$ a great impression at ! "t he spoke1 b _h an ag5cy1 by 8 eloqu5t words1 9 br++ ab\t ! mo/ important *anges4 ,he 0 m ?an ! m\?piece ( ! ,am]ican ,revolution4 ,he n m]ely int]pret$ ! feel+s ( ! mass ( ! nation to itself1 b 9 a l>ge degree orig9at$ ! en?usiasm t l$ !m ?r\gh w> to indep5d5ce4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! ari/ocratic & p[]ful colony ( ,virg9ia w\ld h occupi$ a f> diff]5t place 9 ! /ruggle = lib]ty1 if x _h be5 depriv$ ( 8 almo/ irresi/ible influ5ce4 ,x is h>d to speculate on :at might h be5 ! result if temporiz+ measures _h c>ri$ ! day1 & ! union ( ! colonies be5 int]f]$ ) by want ( cordial sympa?y4 ,! political wisdom ( ,frankl91 & ! milit>y skill & con/ancy ( ,wa%+ton1 did n contribute m to f9al success ?an ! bold c\ncils & f]v5t utt]ances ( ! c\ntry lawy] :o is ! subject ( our sket*4 ,patrick ,h5ry 0 born 9 ,hanov] c\nty1 ,virg9ia1 9 ,may1 #agcf4 ,9 *ildhood he acquir$ ! common elem5ts ( education1 & "s k ( ,lat9 & ma!matics1 & 0 n ! ignorant y\? t "s ( 8 admir]s delight 9 repres5t+ him4 ,b he 0 exce$+ly fond ( hunt+ & fi%+1 & w\ld (t5 sp5d ! h\rs 9 ?is way1 t might h be5 devot$ to m useful employm5t4 ,b he became a great day dream]1 ?us at once reveal+ & ex]cis+ ! unb\nd$ imag9ation he possess$4 ,he lov$ to w&] alone1 t he might give full play to ! visions & rev]ies t float$ ?r\gh 8 bra94 ,:5 ab\t f\rte51 he he>d ! celebrat$ ,presbyt]ian m9i/]1 ,samuel ,davies4 ,8 eloqu5ce 0 ! mo/ p[]ful t ,h5ry _h hi!rto enjoy$1 & awak5$ 9 him a _s ( emulation4 ,all 8 life ,h5ry delight$ to d him honor1 & attribut$ ! b5t ( 8 own m9d to oratory & a l>ge measure ( 8 success to ?is man4 ,9 bus9ess1 ! future /atesman 0 uni=mly mo/ unsuccessful4 ,he twice fail$ z a /orekeep]1 & once z a f>m]4 ,b all ?is "t he 0 really /udy+ = 8 future pr(ession4 ,he 0 fond ( talk1 & by indulg+ 9 x freely d\btless improv$ 8 p[] ( language4 ,he w\ld relate long /ories1 & d x s well t ^? :o ?rong$ 8 c\nt] took z little note ( "t z he did1 & yield$ _! he>ts z fully to him z l>g] audi5ces did aft]w>d4 ,z a la/ resort he /udi$ law1 b = a "t 8 success 0 no bett] 9 ?is ?an 9 8 previ\s occupations4 ,b aft] two or ?ree ye>s1 dur+ :i* he liv$ )\t practice1 & 9 a dep5d5t condition1 he 0 reta9$ 9 :at seem$ m]ely a nom9al capacity--z def5dant 9 ! not$ 8,p>sons case40 ,! prea*]s ( ! e/abli%$ *ur* 7 paid s _m p\nds ( tobacco p] annum4 ,b :5 ! price arose1 9 a "t ( sc>city1 ! ,legislature pass$ an act all[+ all p]sons to pay _! assessm5t 9 money at ! rate ( #b;d p] p\nd1 :i* 0 mu* less ?an x 0 wor? at t "t4 ,aft] an int]val ?is law 0 decl>$ void by ! k+ & 8 c\ncil4 ,!n ! cl]gy in/itut$ suit to recov] :at !y _h lo/ dur+ ! "t ! act 0 en=c$4 ,!re 0 no d\bt ( ! legality ( _! claim1 al?\gh m ( its intr9sic rightfulness1 & ! law "q 0 decid$ 9 a te/ case1 almo/ )\t controv]sy4 ,?is really surr5d]$ ! :ole matt]1 & ! only issue !n 0 z to ! am\nt ( damage !y _h su/a9$--a v pla9 "q1 app>5tly af=d+ no room = argum5t by ! def5se4 ,a va/ array ( ! cl]gy 7 pres5t1 & on ! b5* 0 ,h5ry's own fa!r4 ,no circum/ances c\ld be imag9$ m unfavorable = ! maid5 spee* ( a "y lawy]4 ,! case = ! pla9tiff 0 cle>ly & =cibly /at$ by a lead+ memb] ( ! b>1 & ,h5ry began 8 reply4 ,x is no wond] t he falt]$1 & t 8 s5t5ces 7 awkw>d & confus$4 ,! p1 :o 7 pres5t 9 great numb]s1 & :o 7 int5sely ho/ile to ! prea*]s1 hung _! heads1 & gave up ! conte/4 ,! fa!r ( ! speak] 0 %ame-fac$ & dismay$4 ,! prea*]s smil$ 9 d]ision1 & ex*ang$ congratulatory glances4 ,b x 0 too soon4 ,! p[] ( eloqu5ce began to ass]t itself4 ,! /rong m9d ( ,h5ry ma/]$ all emb>rassm5t1 & 0 br\ght to be>1 ) irresi/ible =ce1 ^u 8 subject1 & ^u ^? ar\nd4 ,all eyes 7 drawn to ! almo/ unkn[n speak]4 ,8 ru/icity ( mann] _h disappe>$2 8 =m became erect1 & 8 pi]c+ eyes %ot =? lightn+4 8,a my/]i\s & almo/ sup]natural trans=mation ( appe>ance0 pass$ ov] him4 ,e pulse beat responsive to 81 & ?robb$ ) 8 own mighty indignation4 ,he turn$ 8 )]+ invective ^u ! cl]gy1 speak+ ( _! gre$9ess1 oppression1 & meanness1 until !y fl$ f ! c\rt4 ,spectators say t _! blood ran cold & _! hair /ood on end6 ,:5 he conclud$1 ! jury 9 an in/ant br\ght judgm5t = "o p5ny damages6 a new trial 0 refus$1 & ! "y b unp>allel$ orator 0 borne away 9 triumph by ! %\t+ multitude4 ,8 fir/ appe>ance 9 ! h\se ( ,burgesses 0 n less brilliant1 & f> m important 9 its results4 ,! majority ( ! ,assembly seem$ to be b5t on new petitions & remon/rances aga9/ ! oppression ( ,engl&1 :5 ,h5ry introduc$ 8 celebrat$ resolutions1 decl>+ 9 pla9 phrases t ! acts compla9$ ( 7 uncon/itutional & void4 ,?is1 :i* 0 little %ort ( a decl>ation ( w>1 0 receiv$1 ev5 by well-mean+ patriots1 ) a /orm ( opposition4 ,a mo/ bitt] debate foll[$4 ,h5ry at fir/ /ood almo/ alone1 ) ! weal? & tal5t ( ! ,assembly array$ aga9/ him4 ,b 8 cle> conviction1 det]m9$ w1 & p[]ful eloqu5ce turn$ ! scale1 & ! resolutions pass$1 committ+ ,virg9ia to ! cause ( resi/ance4 ,:5 ,h5ry att5d$ ! fir/ ,congress he f\nd an array ( m51 ^: fame 0 already becom+ _w-wide4 ,b he soon won 8 way to ! v highe/ rank among !m1 & ma9ta9$ x to ! close4 ,8 extraord9>y eloqu5ce excit$ ! same a/oni%m5t on ?is broad] field1 z 9 ! seclusion ( ! ,virg9ia hills4 ,x 0 8,%akespe>e & ,g>rick comb9$40 ,:5 he took 8 seat aft] 8 op5+ spee*1 ! fir/ spee* t _h brok5 ! sil5ce ( ! great assembly1 !re 0 no long] a d\bt t he 0 ! greate/ orator 9 ,am]ica1 & probably 9 ! _w4 ,?is pre-em95ce he ma9ta9$ all ?r\gh ! excit+ /ruggle4 ,8 voice 0 ev] l an inspiration1 & ! p look$ up to him almo/ z a prophet4 ,8 va/ p[] rema9$ until ! close ( 8 life4 ,! la/ great spee*1 made 9 a conte/ ) ,john ,r&olph1 :5 he 0 ne>ly sev5ty ye>s ( age1 & only ?ree mon?s be=e 8 dea?1 0 equal to any ( 8 =m] ef=ts4 8,! sun _h set 9 all its glory40 ,^! few sket*es w suffici5tly illu/rate ! eloqu5ce ( ?is wond]ful man4 ,x only rema9s to /ate :at is kn[n 9 reg>d to 8 me?ods ( prep>ation4 ,he nev] wrote4 ,8 mightie/ ef=ts 7 made 9 situations :]e ! use ( ! p5 w\ld h be5 impossible4 ,! ,virg9ia resolutions 7 writt5 on a blank leaf 9 a law book1 & dur+ ! :ole ( ! t]rible debate :i* foll[$1 he 0 ev] ready1 & ma/]$ all oppon5ts4 ,he ?\ght mu*1 b wrote little4 ,he spoke only on great occasions1 :ile 9 political life1 b gave att5tion to all t 0 pass+1 & by ke5 obs]vation le>n$ ! *>act]s ( ^? ^u ^: m9ds he wr\ght4 ,?us he 0 prep>$ to drive e ^w home to its m>k4 ,he 0 a great /ud5t ( hi/ory1 & ?is k d\btless contribut$ v greatly to ! cle>ness & precision ( 8 views ^u ! great /ruggle 9 :i* ! c\ntry 0 engag$1 z well z gave him an ample fund ( illu/ration 9 8 spee*es4 ,/udy ( "* & ( hi/ory1 cultivation ( ! p[] ( n>ration & ( language1 seem to h be5 ! means by :i* 8 wond]ful natural g5ius 0 fitt$ = its triumphs4 ,,george ,,:itefield4 ,few m5 ( any age h be5 in/rum5tal 9 accompli%+ m good ?an ! subject ( our pres5t sket*4 ,)\t deep logical p[]s1 & ) little claim to orig9ality ( ?\ght1 he *a9$ va/ multitudes by 8 eloqu5ce1 & 0 "o ( ! =emo/ actors 9 a mighty religi\s movem5t4 ,none ( ! conv]ts ,:itefield ga!r$ into ! *ur* ev] pass$ ?r\gh a m /rongly m>k$ exp]i5ce 9 p]sonal religion ?an he did4 ,! agony ( conviction he und]w5t 0 t]rible1 & he /ruggl$ long & desp]ately be=e he obta9$ peace4 8,god only kn[s10 he exclaims1 8h[ _m nights ,i h la9 ^u my b$ groan+ "u :at ,i felt4 ,:ole days & weeks h ,i sp5t 9 ly+ pro/rate on ! gr\nd1 9 sil5t or vocal pray]40 ,8 m9d almo/ fail$ "u ! viol5ce ( 8 m5tal conflicts1 & he endeavor$1 by we>+ ! meane/ app>el1 & almo/ cont9ual fa/+1 & _m works ( self-mortification to f9d relief4 ,b all ?is 0 9 va94 ,we see 9 x an indication ( ! t]rible e>ne/ness & s9c]ity ( ! man--qualities :i* nev] pass$ away f him4 ,^! mon?s ( vivid emotion affect$ 8 :ole life1 & imp>t$ an int5sity to 8 pictures ( s91 & a vividness to 8 realization ( its horrors1 t he nev] w\ld h _h o!rwise4 ,at la/ 8 heal? gave way b5ea? ! pressure ( 8 spiritual trials1 & he fell into a long sickness4 ,at ! end ( sev5 weeks he f\nd peace1 & 8 raptures became z great z ! horrors ( consci5ce _h be54 8,b oh6 ) :at joy1 joy unspeakable1 ev5 joy t 0 full ( glory1 0 my s\l fill$1 :5 ! weight ( s9 w5t (f1 & an abid+ s5se ( ! love ( ,god & a full assurance ( fai? broke 9 ^u my disconsolate s\l40 ,?is raptur\s exp]i5ce cont9u$ ) few int]ruptions ?r\gh life1 & really =m$ ! spr+ ( 8 wond]ful ex]tions4 ,= ?irty-f\r ye>s 8 s\l gl[$ 9 all ! f]vors t he _h exp]i5c$ at 8 fir/ conv]sion1 & he put =? 8 great /r5g? 9 unwe>i$ ef=ts to br+ o!rs to ! same bless$ enjoym5t4 ,8 c>e] op5$ ) wond]ful brilliancy4 ,! fir/ s]mon prea*$ aft] 8 ord9ation z deacon1 0 said to 8h driv5 fifte5 p]sons mad10--a k9d ( madness t soon became common 9 ,engl&4 ,ev]y:]e ! p flock$ to he> him 9 cr[ds1 & soon no *ur* w\ld conta9 ! multitude1 ev5 :5 !y 7 op5$ = him4 ,once1 :5 prea*+ ) 8great fre$om ( he>t & cle>ness ( voice10 ) ?\s&s ( p]sons /&+ outside ( ! *ur*1 aft] hundr$s _h gone away = want ( room1 he 0 /ruck ) ! ?\ght ( prea*+ ! ^w 9 ! op5 air4 ,fri5ds disc\rag$1 b ! die 0 soon ca/1 & f t "t =w>d 8 mightie/ triumphs 7 won 9 imitation ( 8 ,ma/]1 8:o _h a m\nta9 = ,8 pulpit1 & ! heav5s = a s\nd+ bo>d60 ,?is 0 ! prop] !at] = ! display ( 8 wond]ful p[]1 & 8 _s felt ! beauty & gr&eur ( ! sc5e4 ,sometimes z _m z tw5ty ?\s& p 7 ga!r$ toge!r4 ,! !at] ( 8 mo/ m>vel\s triumphs 0 at ,moorfields dur+ ! ,:itsun holidays4 ,! l[e/ class ( ,london population 0 !n p\r$ =?1 & ! mo/ riot\s sc5es enact$4 ,he resolv$ to beg9 e>ly1 9 ord] to secure ! field be=e ! greate/ ru% ( ! cr[d4 ,t5 ?\s& p 7 ga!r$ impati5tly wait+ = ! sports ( ! day4 8,he _h = once got ! />t ( ! devil10 & soon drew ! multitude ar\nd him4 ,at noon he tri$ aga94 ,! odds aga9/ him 7 great]4 ,betwe5 tw5ty & ?irty ?\s& p 7 pres5t1 & %[s1 exhibitors1 & play]s 7 all busy4 ,he %\t$ 8 text1 8,great is ,diana ( ! ,ephesians10 & began ! battle4 ,x 0 wag$ fi]cely1 & /ones1 dirt1 & rott5 eggs1 ) e o!r means ( annoyance1 7 br\ght to be> on ! /eadfa/ prea*]4 8,my s\l10 he says1 80 among lions40 ,b soon 8 wond]ful p[] trans=m$ ! multitude into lambs4 ,at night he r5ew$ ! assault on ! /ronghold ( ! adv]s>y4 ,?\s&s _h be5 add$ to ! ?rong1 & _! lead]s1 :o _h lo/ mu* ( _! day's ga9 by 8 prea*+1 7 det]m9$ to endure x no long]4 ,a h>lequ9 attempt$ to /rike him ) a :ip b fail$4 ,a recruit+ s]geant1 ) _m foll[]s1 & ) drum & fife1 made ! next ef=t4 ,b ,:itefield call$ to ! p to make way = ! k+'s (fic]1 & ! p yield$ be=e1 & clos$ up beh9d him1 until he 0 9 ?is mann] conduct$ h>mlessly out ( ! cr[d4 ,next1 a l>ge numb] comb9$ toge!r1 & tak+ hold ( a long pole *>g$ furi\sly on ! assembly1 ro>+ l bea/s4 ,b !y too 7 foil$1 & ?rew d[n ! pole1 _m ( !m jo9+ ! he>]s4 ,at times ! tumult rose l ! noise ( _m wat]s1 dr[n+ ! voice ( ! prea*]1 :o w\ld !n resort to s++1 until sil5ce return$4 ,he kept ! field to ! la/1 & ga!r$ mighty spoil into 8 ,tab]nacle t night4 ,v diff]5t 7 ! s]mons he prea*$ at ! mansion ( ,lady ,hunt+don1 b !y 7 m>k$ by ! same p[]4 ,c\rti]s & noblem5 jo9$ 9 prais+ him1 & ,hume decl>$ t he w\ld g tw5ty miles to he> him4 ,no "o seem$ to be imp]vi\s to 8 wond]ful eloqu5ce1 & ev5 9 ?is select$ circle he ga!r$ trophies ( ! ,cross4 ,he pass$ & repass$ f ,engl& to ,am]ica sev]al times1 & 0 ev]y:]e z a flame ( fire4 ,! languid zeal ( lukew>m *ur*es 0 reviv$1 & ! c>eless & immoral l$ into new lives4 ,he 0 soon look$ up to z an apo/le by ?\s&s :o dat$ _! fir/ religi\s impressions f ! "t :5 !y li/5$ to 8 f]vid words4 ,b opposition 0 n want+1 & once he v ne>ly receiv$ ! cr[n ( m>tyrdom4 ,aft] he _h f9i%$ prea*+ 9 ,dubl91 he 0 attack$ by an imm5se mob ( infuriat$ ,papi/s4 ,8 fri5ds fl$ = _! lives1 & left him to ! m]cy ( ! riot]s4 ,/ones f e direction /ruck him1 until he 0 brea?less & dripp+ ) blood4 ,he f\nd a mom5t>y refuge1 :5 almo/ at ! po9t ( dea?1 b ! inmates ( ! h\se :i* he _h ent]$1 fe>+ x w\ld be demoli%$1 entreat$ him to leave4 ,he 0 (f]$ a disguise1 b refus$ x1 & 9 8 prop] dress pass$ ?r\gh :ole /reets ( ?reat5+ ,papi/s1 & z soon z he _h rea*$ a place ( safety1 & _h 8 w\nds dress$1 began to prea* aga96 ,?us ye> aft] ye> pass$1 cr[d$ full ( labors4 ,he consid]$ x an indication ( great feebl5ess t = a %ort "t he c\ld only prea* "o s]mon a day4 ,?\s&s 9 ,europe & ,am]ica call$ him bless$1 & ev]y:]e c\ntless multitudes cr[d$ to he> him speak ( ! grace ( ,god4 ,= ! lifetime ( an ord9>y g5]ation 8 unequal$ p[] & untir+ labor cont9u$4 ,aft] speak+ he frequ5tly vomit$ great quantities ( blood1 :i* he reg>d$ z reliev+ 8 ov]-tax$ lungs4 ,8 dea? 0 romantic & beautiful1 z befitt$ su* a life4 ,!re are few m t\*+1 & yet m happy 9 ! records ( biography4 ,he prea*$ 8 la/ field s]mon at ,exet]4 ,x 0 cont9u$ = two h\rs1 & 0 among 8 mo/ p[]ful ef=ts4 ,he rea*$ ,newburyport1 ,mass41 ! same ev5+1 :]e he int5d$ to prea* ! next day4 ,:ile at supp]1 ! pavem5t1 & ! hall ( ! h\se :]e he sat1 7 cr[d$ ) p impati5t to he> ! wond]ful orator4 ,b he 0 exhau/$1 & said to "o ( ! cl]gym5 :o accompani$ him1 8,bro!r1 y mu/ speak to ^! de> p2 ,i _c say a ^w40 ,he took a c&le & />t$ = 8 room1 b be=e he rea*$ x1 8 g5]\s he>t reproa*$ him = ev5 seem+ to des]t ! p :o 7 hung]+ = ! bread ( life4 ,he paus$ on ! /airway1 :ile ! piece ( c&le he _h tak5 :5 he />t$ ca/ its flick]+ light on ! cr[d bel[1 & began to speak4 ,! p gaz$ ) te>ful awe & affection on 8 v5]able =m4 ,8 musical & pa!tic voice fl[$ on 9 words ( t5d]ness & exhortation until ! c&le w5t out 9 its socket4 ,be=e ! morn+ he 0 dead6 ,8 remembrance did n die ) him4 ,europe & ,am]ica vi$ toge!r 9 m\rn+ = him1 & ,me?odi/s1 ,*ur*m51 & ,diss5t]s rev]$ him z a dep>t$ prophet4 ,:at 0 ! secret ( 8 unp>allel$ p[] ) ! p8 ,cle>ly its spr+ 0 8 own pr(\nd & ov]:elm+ emotions4 ,x is sometimes ?\ght t 8 almo/ p]fect elocution expla9s ! fasc9ation he ex]t$1 b x does n4 ,he is class$ by _m z "o :o committ$ & recit$ 8 disc\rses4 ,b x may be safely assum$ t he c\ld n h comm&$ "o ti! ( 8 success 9 t mann]4 ,he may h done ?is at ! beg9n+ ( 8 c>e]1 be=e 8 m>vel\s g5ius 0 fully develop$1 b n aft]4 ,x is inde$ giv5 z a reason ( 8 emb>rassm5t :5 he began to prea* 9 ! op5 air1 t he _h n long be5 accu/om$ to prea* extempore4 ,he says t (t51 9 8 own appreh5sion1 he _h n a ^w to say ei!r to ,god or man4 ,?9k ( a p]son :o has a fully committ$ s]mon1 mak+ su* an ass]tion1 & aft]w>ds ?ank+ ,god = giv+ him words & wisdom6 ,! v be/ possible evid5ce t 8 s]mons took _! ext]nal =m at ! mom5t1 0 t he compla9$ ( ! reports t 7 made ( !m4 ,if !y _h be5 writt5 be=e prea*+1 he w\ld h _h ! means ( mak+ ^! z p]fect z desir$4 ,yet he repeat$ s]mons on p>ticul> subjects v (t54 ,foote & ,g>rick e/imat$ t !y improv$ up to ! ?irtie? & =tie? repetition4 ,go+ ov] ! same gr\nd s (t51 _m /rik+ phrases w\ld d\btless fix !mselves 9 8 m9d1 b he w\ld /ill be free to introduce new matt]s z he wi%$4 ,8 illu/rations1 too1 _m ( :i* 7 ga!r$ f 8 own wide exp]i5ce1 w\ld be giv5 9 ne>ly ! same mann] on successive occasions4 ,b he 0 a f9e talk]1 & by 8 unlimit$ practice 9 spee* improv$ ! p[] ( language to su* an ext5t t x 0 fully capable ( express+ ! ocean ( feel+ t fl[$ 9 8 s\l4 ,8 publi%$ s]mons %[ few traces ( ! p51 b be> e m>k ( impassion$ utt]ance4 ,untr\bl$ by d\bt1 all t he prea*$ 0 felt to be pres5t reality4 ,he 0 a pure & holy man1 mov$ by ! ,_s to ! "w he ent]$ on1 & end[$ ) a he>t ( fire1 a s\l ( love1 & a p[] ( expression su* z is giv5 to few mortals4 ,no wond] t ! multitude felt him to be little less ?an inspir$4 ,,john ,,wesley4 ,bo? ,h5ry & ,:itefield 7 m5 ( su* va/ g5ius z to be lift$ above ord9>y rules4 ,:5 we look ^u !m we feel imitation to be almo/ hopeless4 ,b we w give an in/ance ( an altoge!r diff]5t k9d1 & ?us %[ h[ easily unwritt5 spee* may be ! m$ium ( e species ( address4 ,john ,wesley 0 n an impassion$ or impetu\s orator1 & yet he wield$ an almo/ b\ndless influ5ce4 ,he 0 flu5t & easy 9 8 language1 b exact & logical1 leav+ no c>eless ^w on :i* an enemy might seize4 ,yet 8 p[] 0 great1 & ev5 ! sc5es ( excitem5t t m>k$ ! prea*+ ( ,:itefield1 & o!r e>ly ,me?odi/s1 7 ev5 surpass$ "u 8 cle> calm words4 ,we h no int5tion ( sket*+ ! life & great a*ievem5ts ( ,wesley1 b w only consid] a few ev5ts t be> on 8 "* z a prea*]4 ,be=e he f\nd peace 9 believ+1 :i* he did n until he _h prea*$ = ye>s1 8 s]mons 7 n *>act]iz$ by any extraord9>y p[]4 ,!y 7 /rong1 cle>1 flu5t1 & no m4 ,b aft] 8 return f 8 f9al voyage to ,am]ica1 !re 0 a great *ange4 ,! ext]nal *>act]i/ics rema9$ ne>ly ! same1 b ! f]vor & p[] ( ! _s t brea!d ?r\gh 8 milde/ words1 soon produc$ ! opposite effects ( excit+ bitt] enmity & ( draw+ ! he>ts ( ! p t[>d him4 ,x matt]$ n :at ! nature ( 8 congregations might be1 !re 0 some?+ 9 8 mann] & words adapt$ to all4 ,he began field prea*+ ab\t ! same "t t ,:itefield did1 & sometimes ga!r$ z _m z tw5ty ?\s& into "o congregation4 ,:ile he spoke ! :ole assembly 0 (t5 ba!d 9 te>s1 & frequ5tly _m fell d[n z dead4 ,he ga!r$ ^? :o 7 conv9c$ by 8 prea*+ into societies1 & ^! soon spread ov] ! :ole c\ntry4 ,he 0 ?us requir$ to ex]cise m au?ority 9 c>+ = !m ?an any bi%op ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*4 ,= upw>ds ( fifty ye>s he av]ag$ fifte5 s]mons a week4 ,al?\gh ,wesley 0 ! f\nd] ( ,me?odism1 yet he diff]$ widely f ! typical ,me?odi/ prea*]s4 ,he dress$ neatly1 0 mo/ c\rte\s & poli%$ 9 mann]s1 graceful 9 ! pulpit1 & consid]$ viol5t ex]tions ( ! voice or furi\s ge/iculation to be little less ?an s94 ,8 publi%$ s]mons are models ( ?\ghtful analysis1 close reason+1 & ord]ly arrangem5t4 ,yet he always spoke )\t manuscript & )\t memoriz+4 ,wesley w\ld c]ta9ly h be5 ju/ifi$1 if any p]son ev] 01 9 read+ 8 disc\rses4 ,= he 0 surr\nd$ by ^? :o _h be5 l$ into ! way ( life by him1 & :o treasur$ up e ^w t fell f 8 lips1 :ile on ! o!r h&1 unscrupul\s enemies misrepres5t$ him cont9ually1 & s\ght = occasion to accuse him ( tea*+ p]nici\s doctr9e4 ,yet amid su* ceaseless prea*+1 he 0 always able to comm& ! v words to express 8 ideas1 & 0 nev] compell$ to retract an ungu>d$ s5t5ce4 ,! volumes ( s]mons :i* he publi%$ are to be reg>d$ z m]e ab/racts ( 8 tea*+1 record$ = ! b5efit ( 8 societies1 & n z ! v words he us$ ^u p>ticul> occasions4 ,9 8 lat] ye>s he came be=e ! p1 z a fa!r in/ruct+ 8 *ildr51 & imp>t$ to !m ! weighty tru?s he ?\ght !y ought to "k1 9 all simplicity1 & )\t ! slighte/ c>e = outw>d ornam5t or ^w-nicety4 ,,sidney ,,smi?4 ,?is ecc5tric1 :ole-s\l$1 humor\s1 & eloqu5t cl]gyman 0 born 9 #agga1 & di$ 9 #ahce4 ,he graduat$ at ,ox=d1 receiv$ a fell[%ip1 wor? five hundr$ doll>s a ye>1 & ?\ght to /udy law1 b at ! in/ance ( 8 fa!r1 *ang$ 8 m9d & ent]$ ! ,*ur*4 ,9 connection ) ?ree o!rs he />t$ ! ,ed9burgh ,review1 & = ye>s contribut$ sp>kl+ articles t did mu* to e/abli% its reputation & popul>ity4 ,he also became kn[n to a wide circle = 8 brilliant conv]sational p[]s1 &1 l s _m extempore speak]s1 took great delight 9 ?is mo/ pleasant means ( improvem5t4 ,at fir/ 8 pref]m5t 9 ! ,*ur* 0 sl[1 b 8 favor ) ! p 0 und\btful4 ,:ile he prea*$ 9 ,london l>ge & fa%ionable audi5ces 7 drawn :]ev] he (ficiat$4 ,f9ally he 0 pres5t$ ) an obscure c\ntry liv+1 & aft] "s delay w5t to x4 ,x 0 a desolate place1 f> away f all ! c5t]s ( intellectual life1 & previ\s incumb5ts _h resid$ away f x = m ?an a c5tury4 ,he says1 8,:5 ,i began to ?ump ! cu%ion ( my pulpit1 on fir/ com+ to ,fo/on1 z is my wont :5 ,i prea*1 ! accumulat$ du/ ( "o hundr$ & fifty ye>s1 made su* a cl\d t = "s m9utes ,i lo/ sight ( my congregation40 ,he soon made a *ange = ! bett] 9 all ! affairs ( ! p>i%2 built an ugly b com=table p>sonage1 & won ! devot$ affection ( 8 p4 ,he pass$ mu* ( 8 "t 9 lit]>y avocations1 & aft] f\rte5 ye>s1 receiv$ pref]m5t to m desirable *ur*es4 ,dur+ ! rema9d] ( 8 life he us$ 8 p5 s z to greatly increase 8 already wide reputation1 & became /ill m not$ z a prea*]4 ,he 0 v witty1 & c>$ little = ! common rules ( s]moniz+1 b _h a p[] & e>ne/ness t comp5sat$ = e defect4 ,! foll[+ extract w indicate 8 me?od ( prep>ation3 8,pulpit disc\rses h ins5sibly dw9dl$ f speak+ to read+2 a practice :i* ( itself is suffici5t to /ifle e g]m ( eloqu5ce4 ,x is only by ! fre% feel+s ( ! he>t t mank9d c be v p[]fully affect$4 ,:at c be m ludicr\s ?an an orator deliv]+ /ale indignation & f]vor a week old2 turn+ ov] :ole pages ( viol5t passions1 writt5 out 9 goodly text2 read+ ! tropes & apo/rophes into :i* he is hurri$ by ! ardor ( 8 m9d2 & s affect$ at a preconc]t$ l9e & page t he is unable to proce$ any fur!r60 ,f4 ,w4 ,,rob]tson4 ,no m9i/] ( ! pres5t g5]ation has liv$ a pur] life1 or left ! /amp ( 8 ?\ght m deeply on ! public m9d ?an ! "y incumb5t ( ,tr9ity ,*apel 9 ,brighton4 ,8 s]mons1 n publi%$ until aft] 8 dea?1 are meet+ ) an unp>allel$ sale1 & e scrap ( 8 s]mon prep>ation1 no matt] h[ fragm5t>y1 is seiz$ = ! press ) ! greate/ avidity4 ,he n[ addresses a f> l>g] & m important audi5ce ?an ev] dur+ 8 life "t4 ,f4 ,w4 ,rob]tson 0 born 9 #ahaf & di$ 9 #ahec--only ?irty-sev5 ye>s ( age4 ,he receiv$ ! traditional ,engli% education at ,ox=d1 & _h a /rong incl9ation = ! milit>y pr(ession4 ,?is he 0 induc$ to r5\nce by ! express$ judgm5t ( 8 fa!r--himself a milit>y (fic]--t ,fr$]ick 0 bett] fitt$ = ! ,*ur*4 ,aft] he _h receiv$ ord9ation1 he act$ z curate = twelve mon?s at ,w9*e/]4 ,8 heal? be+ by ?is "t brok51 he took a trip to ! cont95t "u ! advice ( a physician4 ,he 0 gone a ye>1 & dur+ ?is "t ent]$ into m>riage4 ,:5 he return$ he s]v$ = f\r ye>s 9 ! p>i% ( ,*elt5ham4 ,"h ! field = ! ex]cise ( 8 tal5ts 0 comp>atively n>r[2 b _m p]sons 7 l$ to a high] life by 8 m9i/ry--_m m ?an he1 ) 8 habitual self-depreciation1 0 will+ to believe until ye>s _h pass$4 ,aft] ?is he sp5t two mon?s at ,/4 ,ebbs1 9 ,ox=d1 receiv+ a mis]ably small sal>y4 ,dur+ ?is %ort "t 8 tal5ts became kn[n1 & he 0 (f]$ ! ri*1 ari/ocratic1 & intellectual *ur* at ,brighton4 ,! (f] 0 refus$ at fir/1 & 0 only accept$ at la/ ?r\gh ! urg5t solicitation ( ! ,bi%op1 :o felt t ?is 0 8 prop] field4 ,"h 8 popul>ity became unb\nd$4 ,! work+ p1 :o _h almo/ des]t$ ! ,e/abli%m5t1 flock$ to he> 8 bold1 true words4 ,8 biograph] says3 8,8 eloqu5ce & orig9ality c\ld n fail to be m>k$4 ,& if ! congregation 0 intellectual he 0 pre-em95tly s4 ,! *apel became cr[d$4 ,sitt+s 7 sc>cely ev] to be _h4 ,= six ye>s ! en?usiasm nev] slack5$3 x grew & spread sil5tly & /eadily1 & :5 he di$ broke out 9 a bur/ ( univ]sal sorr[4444 ,b he put no fai? 9 m]e excitem5t1 ! eag] upturn$ face1 ! /ill hu% ( att5tion4 #8,:at is m9i/]ial success8' he asks4 #8,cr[d$ *ur*es--full aisles--att5tive congregation--! approval ( ! religi\s _w--mu* impression produc$8 ,elijah ?\ght s2 & :5 he f\nd out 8 mi/ake1 & discov]$ t ! applause ( ,c>mel subsid$ into hide\s /illness1 8 he>t well nigh broke ) disappo9tm5t4 ,m9i/]ial success lies 9 alt]$ lives1 & ob$i5t humble he>ts2 unse5 "w recogniz$ 9 ! judgm5t day4'0 ,t success 0 84 ,james ,&]son says3 8,i _c c\nt up conque/s 9 any place or by any man s num]\s & s va/--conque/s a*iev$ 9 s %ort a p]iod1 & 9 _m in/ances ov] ! he>ts & consci5ces ( ^? :om1 f _! age or pursuits1 x is always mo/ difficult to rea*--z 7 ! conque/s ( t devot$ soldi] ( ! cross ( ,*ri/40 ,b 8 labors 7 too great = 8 /r5g?4 ,= at lea/ two ye>s be=e 8 dea? he prea*$ 9 cont9ual pa91 & yet !re 0 no abatem5t 9 8 p[]4 ,_m ( ! s]mons by :i* he is be/ kn[n 7 !n produc$4 ,we c sc>cely realize z we read 8 calm s5t5ces1 radiant ) beauty1 & full ( pr(\nd ?\ght1 t !y 7 spok5 dur+ ! ravages ( a c]ebral disease1 t 0 soon to /ill 8 eloqu5t voice =ev]4 ,:5 he di$1 hav+ prea*$ almo/ to ! la/1 ! city 7conta9+ sixty ?\s& inhabitants7 0 drap$ 9 gloom1 & m\rn+ 0 univ]sal4 ,a monum5t 0 erect$1 to :i* ! work+-m5 contribut$ a t\*+ memorial4 ,! mann] 9 :i* s _m ( ,rob]tson's s]mons 7 pres]v$1 is1 :5 we consid] 8 mann] ( prea*+1 v rem>kable4 ,he spoke extempore1 & nev] wrote out a s]mon be=e deliv]y4 ,8 lead+ ?\ghts 7 indicat$ by %ort notes1 & ! :ole subject 0 c>efully arrang$ 9 8 own m9d4 ,b 8 words & 8 mo/ p[]ful illu/rations sprang f ! inspiration ( ! mom5t4 ,usually he took a small piece ( pap] conta9+ ! head+s ( 8 ?\ghts ) him into ! pulpit1 b nev] ref]r$ to x aft] ! fir/ few mom5ts _h pass$4 ,8 sympa?iz+ biograph] ?us describes him3 8,s entirely 0 8 he>t 9 8 "w1 t 9 public speak+ especially1 he lo/ sight ( ev]y?+ b 8 subject4 ,8 self-consci\sness vani%$4 ,he did n *oose 8 words or ?9k ab\t 8 ?\ghts4 ,he n only possess$1 b 0 possess$ by 8 idea2 & :5 all 0 ov] & ! reaction came1 he _h =gott5 l a dream1 words1 illu/rations1 almo/ ev]y?+4444 ,aft] "s ( 8 mo/ e>ne/ & passionate utt]ances1 he has said to a fri5d3 #8,h ,i made a fool ( myself8' 8,if ! mo/ conqu]+ eloqu5ce = ! ,engli% p be t ( ! man :o is all b ma/]$ by 8 excitem5t1 b :o1 at ! v po9t ( be+ ma/]$1 ma/]s himself--app>5tly cool1 :ile he is at :ite heat--s z to make ! audi5ce gl[ ) fire1 & at ! same "t respect ! self-possess$ p[] ( ! orator--! man be+ always felt z great] ?an ! man's feel+s--if t be ! eloqu5ce t mo/ tells ^u ! ,engli% nation1 he _h t eloqu5ce4 ,he spoke "u trem5d\s excitem5t1 b x 0 excitem5t re9$ 9 by w4 ,he held 9 8 h& a small piece ( pap] ) a few notes on x :5 he began4 ,he ref]r$ to x n[ & !n2 b be=e t5 m9utes _h gone by x 0 cru%$ to uselessness 9 8 grasp2 = he knit 8 f+]s toge!r ov] x1 z he knit 8 words ov] ?\ght4 ,8 ge/ure 0 subdu$2 sometimes a sl[ motion ( 8 h& upw>d2 sometimes b5d+ =w>d1 8 h& droop+ ov] ! pulpit2 sometimes erect+ himself to 8 full height ) a sudd5 motion1 z if uprais$ by ! p[] ( ! ?\ght he spoke4 ,8 voice--a musical1 l[1 p5etrative voice--seldom rose2 & :5 x did x 0 9 a deep volume ( s\nd :i* 0 n l\d1 b ton$ l a great bell4 ,x ?rill$ also1 b t 0 n s mu* f feel+ z f ! repression ( feel+4 ,t[>d ! close ( 8 m9i/ry he 0 wont to /& almo/ motionlessly erect 9 ! pulpit1 ) 8 h&s loosely ly+ by 8 side1 or grasp+ 8 g[n4 ,8 pale1 ?9 face & tall1 emaciat$ =m1 seem+1 z he spoke1 to be gl[+ z alaba/] gl[s :5 lit up by an inw>d fire4 ,&1 inde$1 bra9 & he>t 7 on fire4 ,he 0 be+ self-consum$4 ,e s]mon 9 ^? latt] days burn$ up a portion ( 8 vital p[]40 ,b ?\gh ?us surr\nd$ by an admir+ congregation1 & weekly giv+ out ?\ghts t 7 wor?y ( /ill wid] notice1 :5 "s ( 8 p1 :o realiz$ t 8 words 7 too preci\s to die1 rais$ a subscription to employ a %ort-h& report]1 ) a view to ! publication ( 8 s]mons1 he refus$ to sanction ! s*eme1 & wrote ! p>ties a *>act]i/ic lett]1 tell+ !m t he _h no "t to correct1 &1 )\t x1 ! disc\rses 7 n fit to be giv5 to ! public4 ,yet a numb] 7 pres]v$ 9 ?is way1 & ?\gh n publi%$ until aft] 8 dea?1 !y are almo/ faultless 9 =m & expression4 ,o!r s]mons 7 writt5 out briefly by himself1 aft] be+ prea*$1 = ! use ( "s private fri5ds4 ,x 0 ?us t ^? almo/ incomp>able disc\rses 7 pres]v$1 :i* are )\t d\bt ! mo/ valuable contribution t has be5 made to _! dep>tm5t ( lit]ature dur+ ! pres5t c5tury4 ,we w give two extracts %[+ ! p[] t may be wield$ ov] language )\t ! use ( ! p54 ,! fir/ is f a spee* made to a work+man's in/itute oppos+ ! introduction ( infidel works into _! libr>y4 ,he is speak+ ( ! compassion t %\ld be %[n to ! hone/ d\bt]3 8,i d ?9k t ! way we treat t /ate is unp>donably cruel4 ,x is an awful mom5t :5 ! s\l beg9s to f9d t ! props on :i* x has bl9dly re/$ s long are _m ( !m rott51 & beg9s to suspect !m all2 :5 x beg9s to feel ! no?+ness ( _m ( ! tradition>y op9ions :i* h be5 receiv$ ) implicit confid5ce1 & 9 t horrible insecurity beg9s also to d\bt :e!r !re be any?+ to believe at all4 ,x is an awful h\r--let him :o has pass$ ?r\gh x say h[ awful--:5 ?is life has lo/ its mean+1 & seems %rivel$ into a span2 :5 ! grave appe>s to be ! end ( all1 human goodness no?+ b a "n1 & ! sky above ?is univ]se a dead expanse1 black ) ! void f :i* ,god ,himself has disappe>$4 4 4 4 ,i appeal 7= ! tru? ( ! picture drawn7 to ! recollection ( any man :o has pass$ ?r\gh t h\r ( agony1 & /ood ^u ! rock at la/1 ! surges /ill$ bel[ him1 & ! la/ cl\d drift$ f ! sky above1 ) a fai?1 & hope1 & tru/1 no long] traditional1 b ( 8 own1 a tru/ :i* nei!r e>? nor hell %all %ake !nce=? = ev]40 ,! second passage we w quote is an illu/ration f a s]mon on ! d\bt ( ,?omas1 %[+ h[ weak are all argum5ts = immortality1 except ^? t are exclusively ,*ri/ian4 ,he speaks ( _m ?+s t are valuable z sugge/ions1 b wor?less z pro(s1 & next %[s h[ ! same sugge/ions may po9t ! o!r way3 8,six ?\s& ye>s ( human exi/5ce h pass$ away4 ,c\ntless armies ( ! dead h set sail f ! %ores ( "t4 ,no travel] has return$ f ! /ill l& beyond4 ,m ?an "o hundr$ & fifty g5]ations h done _! "w & sunk into ! du/ aga91 & /ill !re is n a voice1 !re is n a :isp] f ! grave to tell u :e!r1 inde$1 ^? myriads are 9 exi/5ce /ill4 ,besides1 :y %\ld !y be8 ,talk z y w ( ! gr&eur ( man2 :y %\ld x n be honor en\gh = him--m ?an en\gh to satisfy a ?+ s mean--to h _h 8 tw5ty or sev5ty ye>s life-r5t ( ,god's univ]se8 ,:y mu/ su* a ?+1 ap>t f pro(1 rise up & claim to himself an exclusive immortality8 4 4 4 ,:y may he n s9k1 aft] he has play$ 8 appo9t$ "p1 into no?+ness aga98 ,y see ! leaves s9k+ "o by "o 9 autumn1 till ! heaps bel[ are ri* ) ! spoils ( a :ole ye>'s vegetation4 ,!y 7 bright & p]fect :ile !y la/$1 ea* leaf a miracle ( beauty & contrivance4 ,!re is no resurrection = ! leaves--:y %\ld !re be "o = man8 ,g & /&1 "s summ] ev5+1 by ! riv] side2 y w see ! ,may-fly sport+ out its little h\r 9 ! d5se masses ( insect life1 d>k5+ ! air a few feet above ! g5tle swell ( ! wat]4 ,! heat ( t v aft]noon br\ght !m into exi/5ce4 ,e gauze w+ is trav]s$ by t5 ?\s& fibres1 :i* defy ! microscope to f9d a flaw 9 _! p]fection4 ,! omnisci5ce & ! c>e be/[$ ^u t exquisite anatomy1 "o w\ld ?9k _c be de/9$ to be wa/$ 9 a mom5t4 ,yet s x is4 ,:5 ! sun has sunk bel[ ! trees its little life is done4 ,ye/]day x 0 n2 tomorr[ x w n be4 ,god has bidd5 x be happy = "o ev5+4 ,x has no "r or claim to a second2 & 9 ! univ]se t m>vel\s life has appe>$ once & w appe> no m4 ,may n ! race ( man s9k l ! g5]ations ( ! ,may-fly8 ,:y _c ! ,creator1 s lavi% 9 ,8 res\rces1 af=d to annihilate s\ls z ,he annihilates insects8 ,w\ld x n almo/ enhance ,8 glory to believe x80 ,su* language ,rob]tson 0 able to employ )\t ! use ( ! p54 ,b ! art 0 n atta9$ )\t long & labori\s toil4 ,he committ$ mu*--memoriz+ ! :ole ,te/am5t1 bo? 9 ,engli% & ,greek1 & /or+ 8 m9d ) innum]able gems f ! poets4 ,he also /udi$ ! mod]n languages1 p>ticul>ly ,g]man1 & delight$ to translate _! treasure into 8 own tongue4 ,he read mu*1 b n rapidly1 dwell+ ^u a book until he c\ld arrange ! :ole ( its cont5ts ) precision 9 8 m9d4 ,?us he atta9$ an almo/ unequall$ ma/]y ( bo? ?\ght & language4 ,if he _h be5 requir$ to write e s]mon1 he c\ld nev] h pursu$ su* a ?or\gh & long cont9u$ c\rse ( cultivation1 besides ma/]+ su* a va/ am\nt ( k4 ,we h dwelt less ^u ! g5]al "* ( 8 prea*+1 ) its /rong orig9ality1 ?an ^u ! beauty1 =ce1 & accuracy ( 8 language1 because ^! are ! qualities usually believ$ to be unatta9able )\t writt5 composition4 ,b x is safe to say1 t 9 ^! respects he has n be5 surpass$ by any prea*] anci5t or mod]n4 ,,h5ry ,,clay4 ,we w take ,h5ry ,clay z an example ( ! ,am]ican political eloqu5ce ( ! la/ g5]ation4 ,he 0 "o ( a bright con/ellation ( great m5--mo/ ( !m1 l himself1 extemporane\s speak]s4 ,9 "s respects he 01 p]haps1 sup]ior to !m all4 ,8 hold ^u ! public m9d 0 great1 & ev5 yet he is reg>d$ ) love & rev]5ce all ov] ! ,union4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n ! result ( 8 g5ius alone4 ,9 "s po9ts 8 great rivals 7 m un=tunate ?an himself4 ,calh\n's influ5ce 0 imm5se2 b ! effect ( 8 tea*+ has be5 s deadly t x is n to be wond]$ at if 8 fame is ( an equivocal k9d4 ,! badness ( ,web/]'s private life1 & 8 un=tunate c\rse on "s great que/ions1 caus$ 8 reputation to decl9e1 & 8 really great abilities to be und]valu$4 ,b ! g5ial1 l>ge-he>t$ orator ( ! ,we/ is /ill a favorite ) ! p4 ,clay 0 a ,virg9ian by bir?4 ,8 fa!r 0 a ,bapti/ prea*]1 v poor1 :o di$ :5 ,h5ry 0 q "y1 leav+ a l>ge family ( *ildr54 ,h5ry obta9$ all 8 s*ool+1 :i* 0 meag] en\gh1 9 a log s*ool-h\se4 ,! "y boy 0 employ$ fir/ z a cl]k 9 a /ore1 & aft]w>d z an assi/ant 9 a lawy]'s (fice4 ,next he became an amanu5sis to ,*ancellor ,wy!1 :o treat$ him k9dly & gave him an opportunity to /udy law4 ,f9ally1 he 0 admitt$ to ! b>1 & remov$ to ,k5tucky4 ,he imm$iately acquir$ practice1 & met ) a he>ty welcome f ! r\gh backwoodsm5 ( t section4 ,he tells u h[ he acquir$ ! ability to speak ) flu5cy & p[]3 8,i owe my success 9 life to "o simple fact1 namely1 t at an e>ly age ,i comm5c$ & cont9u$ = "s ye>s ! practice ( daily read+ & speak+ ! cont5ts ( "s hi/orical or sci5tific book4 ,^! (f-h& ef=ts 7 sometimes made 9 a corn-field2 at o!rs 9 ! =e/2 & n unfrequ5tly 9 "s b>n1 ) ! horse & ox = my only auditors4 ,x is to ?is e>ly practice ( ! art ( all arts t ,i am indebt$ = ! prim>y & lead+ impulses t /imulat$ my progress & h %ap$ & mold$ my de/9y40 ,an amus+ in/ance is giv5 ( ,clay's fir/ attempt at debate4 ,he 0 s mu* emb>rass$ t he =got :]e he 01 & call$ ! *airman 8,g5tlem5 ( ! ,jury40 ,yet :5 ?is difficulty _h be5 ov]come1 he soon made a p[]ful impression4 ,9 fact x 0 spok5 ( by "s z n inf]ior to any ( ! addresses 9 :i* he a*iev$ a national fame4 ,! policy ( emancipation 0 !n "u debate 9 ,k5tucky1 & "y ,clay gave x 8 full support4 ,b al?\gh he _h almo/ unb\nd$ influ5ce on any o!r subject1 ! p ( 8 ,/ate lov$ slav]y bett] ?an any man1 & ! measure 0 defeat$4 ,! va/ p[] ( ,clay z an orator 0 e>ly display$4 ,:5 only tw5ty-two ye>s ( age he1 ) ano!r v able speak]1 address$ a popul> meet+4 ,:ile ! o!r spoke !re 0 great applause & deaf5+ acclamations1 b ,clay's address 0 s mu* m ?rill+ & effective1 t ! popul> feel+ became too deep = utt]ance1 & he clos$ amid unbrok5 sil5ce4 ,x 0 "s mom5ts be=e ! cr[d recov]$ suffici5tly to give v5t1 9 ?und]+ *e]s1 to ! emotion t he _h k9dl$4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to foll[ ! c>e] ( ,clay ?r\gh all ! ye>s t 7 devot$ to ! public s]vice1 = ! c\ntry is /ill famili> ) x4 ,_m ( ! measures ) :i* he 0 connect$ may n meet our approval1 b no "o w "q ! hone/y ( 8 motives1 or ! ability ) :i* !y 7 advocat$4 ,9 ,congress he _h sc>cely a rival4 ,calh\n 0 equally active1 & m logical1 b _h n ! magic ( voice & eye1 ! nameless graces ( deliv]y t di/+ui%$ ! ,k5tucky orator4 ,web/] spoke m l a giant1 b 0 h>d to call out 9 8 full =ce1 & on ord9>y occasions did n speak ne>ly z well z ,clay4 ,! voice ( ! latt] 0 an in/rum5t ( great p[]1 & he well knew h[ to use x4 8,nature10 he said on "o occasion1 ref]r+ to an ef=t made ye>s be=e1 8_h s+ul>ly favor$ me by giv+ me a voice peculi>ly adapt$ to produce ! effects ,i wi%$ 9 public speak+4 ,n[10 he add$1 8its melody is *ang$1 its sweetness gone40 ,^! words 7 pron\nc$ z if 9 mock]y1 9 tones ( exquisite sweetness4 ,"o :o _h he>d him (t51 says3 8,mr4 ,clay's voice has prodigi\s p[]1 compass1 & ri*ness2 all its v>iations are captivat+1 b "s ( its base tones ?rill ?r\gh "o's :ole fame4 ,to ^? :o h nev] he>d ! liv+ melody1 no v]bal description c convey an adequate idea ( ! div]sifi$ effects ( ^? intonations :i*1 9 "o /ra9 ( s5tim5t1 fall 9 :isp]+ g5tl5ess l ! fir/ words ( love ^u a maid5's lips1 & anon 9 /]n] utt]ances r+ ) ! madd5+ music ( ! ma940 ,a g5tleman :o witness$ an oratorical enc\nt] betwe5 ,clay & ,web/] describes x z inconceivably gr&3 8,! eloqu5ce ( ,mr4 ,web/] 0 ! maje/ic ro> ( a /rong & /eady bla/ peal+ ?r\gh ! =e/2 b t ( ,mr4 ,clay 0 ! tone ( a god-l in/rum5t1 sometimes visit$ by an angel t\*1 & swept anon by all ! fury ( ! rag+ elem5ts40 ,clay1 ,web/] & ,calh\n 7 all extempore speak]s4 ,web/] sometimes prep>$ v elaborately1 b nev] conf9$ himself to 8 prep>ation4 ,& "s ( 8 v be/ ef=ts 7 made on ! spur ( ! mom5t :5 circum/ances conspir$ to ar\se 8 va/ b some:at sluggi% g5ius4 ,bo? ! o!rs prep>$ _! disc\rses 9 ?\ght alone1 & ^? :o 7 oblig$ to rely on _! manuscripts or _! memories /ood no *ance at all ) !m 9 ! fi]y debates ?r\gh :i* !y pass$4 ,,h5ry ,b4 ,,bascom4 ,x may be d\bt$ :e!r ! late ,bi%op ,bascom is prop]ly class$ among extempore prea*]s4 ,8 mode ( prep>ation c]ta9ly bord]$ on ! memorit] plan4 ,b he did n write4 ,he w\ld fir/ con/ruct a skeleton1 usually v simple1 & !n ?r[ ea* po9t into words m5tally4 ,8 memory 0 v great1 & ! f9e expressions he co9$1 z he rode ?r\gh ! =e/ or m$itat$ 9 8 /udy1 7 impress$ on 8 m9d s /rongly z to be recall$ aft]w>d4 ,x 0 a common practice ) him to repeat 8 s]mons ov] & ov] aga9 to himself1 till e l9e ( ?\ght & e /rong expression became p]fectly famili>4 ,bascom once /opp$ at a backwoodsman's h\se1 & left x to take a %ort walk4 ,soon a neighbor came ru%+ 91 decl>+ t he _h se5 a crazy man walk+ back & =? on ! edge ( ! woods1 sw++ 8 arms wildly1 & mutt]+ to himself 9 a /range mann]4 ,! neighbor 0 told n to be al>m$1 b to come to *ur* ! next day & he w\ld see ! crazy man aga94 ,he did s1 & li/5$ to /ra9s ( eloqu5ce z admirable z ev] *>m$ 8 e>4 ,! s]mons :i* 7 ?us prep>$1 7 prea*$ a great numb] ( times1 & ea* "t review$ & improv$4 ,bascom travel$ a va/ ext5t ( c\ntry1 & ! s]mons :i* ?us comb9$ all ! /r5g? ( 8 really p[]ful m9d1 = ye>s toge!r1 soon became fam\s4 ,probably no prea*] ev] did s mu* ) s few disc\rses4 ,8 deliv]y 0 wond]ful4 ,h5ry ,clay1 :o 0 well qualifi$ to judge1 pron\nc$ him ! f9e/ natural orator he _h ev] he>d4 ,8 =m 0 almo/ p]fect1 8 c>riage noble & graceful1 e movem5t light & spr+y1 s t1 z "s ( 8 he>]s h decl>$1 8he sc>cely seem$ to t\* ! gr\nd40 ,he dress$ ) great ta/e1 & on ?is acc\nt 0 (t5 object$ to by ! e>ly ,me?odi/s1 & came v ne>ly be+ refus$ admission into 8 ,conf]5ce4 ,b he soon became a g5]al favorite ) ! p1 :o w\ld ?rong to he> him f ! :ole c\ntry = miles ar\nd4 ,:5 he ent]$ ! pulpit he seem$ ne>ly borne d[n by ! weight ( 8 accumulations1 & x 0 only aft] he _h begun to make headway t he became easy & self-possess$4 ,!n he p\r$ =? torr5t aft] torr5t ( highly wr\ght eloqu5ce1 until ! he>]s 7 lo/ 9 admiration ( ! va/ p[]s he display$4 ,a v p>tial biograph] consid]s x z v /range t he took b little "p 9 any ,conf]5ce discussions1 or debates on g5]al topics4 ,! tru? is1 t ) 8 mode ( prep>ation1 c>ri$ z f> z he c>ri$ x1 he c\ld n4 ,!re 0 no "t to =eca/ 8 s5t5ces1 & sl[ly build up a gorge\s fabric1 & he !re=e rema9$ sil5t4 ,he _h a mighty imag9ation1 & c\ld s repres5t any object he und]took s describe1 t x w\ld live be=e ! eyes ( 8 he>]s4 ,b he c>$ s mu* = beauty t he w&]$ too f> f 8 way to seek x1 & ! consequ5ce 0 t ! object ( 8 disc\rse ----8,pass$ 9 music out ( sight10 & 8 he>]s aft] recov]+ f _! rapture & a/oni%m5t rema9$ z !y 7 be=e4 ,he drew va/ audi5ces toge!r1 wr\ght effectually = ! build+ up ( "s colleges1 collect$ mu* money = v>i\s ag5cies1 0 made a ,bi%op ( ! ,m4 ,e4 ,*ur*1 ,s\?1 9 complim5t to 8 eloqu5ce1 b 9 real "w 0 f> inf]ior to _m a ,me?odi/ m9i/] ^: "n is unkn[n to fame4 ,,john ,,summ]field4 ,! eloqu5ce ( ! good & noble1 b e>ly fall5 ,summ]field 0 9 %>p contra/ ) t ( ,bascom4 ,a lady :o _h he>d !m bo?1 gave ! pref]5ce1 9 "s neat v]ses1 to ! latt]1 on ! gr\nd t he 0 m gr&1 awe-inspir+1 & tempe/-l4 ,! melody & pa?os ( ,summ]field %e comp>$ to ! mild zephyr1 & ?\ght ?is 0 necess>ily inf]ior to ! e>?-%ak+ /orm4 ,b ! _w has n agre$ ) h]4 ,bascom held assembl$ ?\s&s = h\rs b5ea? ! *>m ( 8 voice1 weep+1 smil+1 or %\t+1 at 8 w4 ,yet :5 all _h pass$1 & ! spell _h be5 dissolv$1 ! only impression t rema9$ 0 "o ( simple wond]4 ,! man & 8 own eloqu5ce _h ris5 s f> above ! subject he 0 to enunciate t ! latt] fad$ f ! m9d4 ,m e>ne/ness = tru? & sympa?y ) x1 w\ld h enhanc$ 8 real p[] a hundr$fold4 ,b x 0 v diff]5t ) ,summ]field4 ,8 s\l 0 full ( e>ne/ness1 & he mov$ 9 an atmosph]e ( t5d]ness & pa?os4 ,! eloqu5ce ( ! great ,:itefield might be comp>$ to ! :irlw9d1 pro/rat+ ev]y?+ 9 its pa?2 t ( ,bascom to an iceb]g gl[+ 9 ! rays ( ! morn+ sun1 display+ a ?\s& colors1 b cold & impassive2 & t ( ,summ]field to ! light ( ! sun1 calm & g5ial1 %9+ on fields ( gre51 fill+ ! air ) life & light4 ,8 spee* 0 simple1 easy1 & unadorn$1 fl[+ "r out ( 8 own he>t1 & awak5+ an answ]+ e*o 9 ! he>ts ( all :o he>d4 ,! s]mons :i* he has left are m]e fragm5ts--sket*es su* z he employ$ 9 8 prep>ation1 & ( c\rse give no idea ( ! real p[] he wield$4 ,/ev5s ?us describes 8 me?od ( prep>ation3 8,?\gh 9 ! deliv]y ( 8 s]mons !re 0 ?is facility--felicity we might call x--9 _! prep>ation he 0 a labori\s /ud5t4 ,he 0 a he>ty advocate ( extempore prea*+1 & w\ld h be5 depriv$ ( mo/ ( 8 popul> p[] 9 ! pulpit by be+ conf9$ to a manuscript2 yet he knew ! importance ( /udy1 & p>ticul>ly ( ! habitual use ( ! p5 9 ord] to success 9 extemporane\s speak+4 ,8 own rule 0 to prep>e a skeleton ( 8 s]mon1 & aft] prea*+ x1 write x out 9 full] detail1 fill+ up ! orig9al sket* ) ! pr9cipal ?\ghts :i* _h occurr$ to him 9 ! process ( ! disc\rse4 ,! fir/ outl9e 01 h[ev]1 9 accordance ) ! rule we h else:]e giv5 = extempore speak+1 viz41 t ! p]spective ( ! entire disc\rse--! lead+ ideas1 f ! exordium to ! p]oration--%\ld be not$ on ! manuscript1 s t ! speak] %all h ! assurance t he is suppli$ ) a consecutive s]ies ( good ideas1 good en\gh to comm& ! respect ( 8 audi5ce1 ?\gh he %\ld fail ( any v important impromptu ?\ghts4 ,?is rule we deem ! mo/ ess5tial condition ( success 9 extemporane\s prea*+4 ,x is ! be/ gu>antee ( t confid5ce & self-possession ^u :i* dep5ds ! comm& ( bo? ?\ght & language4 ,summ]field foll[$ x ev5 9 8 plat=m spee*es4 ,montgom]y notices ! m9ut5ess ( 8 prep>ations 9 ne>ly two hundr$ manuscript sket*es40 ,?is great man di$ at ! v e>ly age ( tw5ty-sev51 hav+ prea*$ sev5 ye>s4 ,b f ! v fir/ he produc$ a pr(\nd impression4 ,dr4 ,be?une ?us describes "o ( 8 e>lie/ ef=ts 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,he 0 !n sc>cely kn[n4 ,x 0 at an anniv]s>y ( ! ,bible ,society1 & an able man _h j spok5 ) great acceptance3 8,! *air ann\nc$ ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,summ]field1 f ,engl&4 #8,:at presumption6' said my cl]ical neighbor2 #8a boy l t to be set up aft] a giant6' ,b ! /ripl+ came 9 ! "n ( ! ,god ( ,israel1 arm$ ) #8a few smoo? /ones f ! brook' t fl[s #8h>d by ! oracles ( ,god4' ,8 motion 0 "o ( ?anks to ! (fic]s ( ! society = _! labors dur+ ! ye>2 & ( c\rse he _h to allude to ! presid5t1 !n repos+ 9 ano!r "p ( ! h\se2 & ?us he did x3 #8,:5 ,i saw t v5]able man1 too ag$ to w>rant ! hope ( be+ ) y at ano!r anniv]s>y1 he rem9d$ me ( ,jacob lean+ ^u ! top ( 8 /aff1 bless+ 8 *ildr5 be=e he dep>t$4' ,he !n pass$ on to enc\rage ! society by ! example ( ! ,briti% in/itution4 #8,:5 we fir/ laun*$ our untri$ vessel ^u ! deep1 ! /orms ( opposition ro>$1 & ! waves da%$ angrily ar\nd u1 & we _h h>d "w to keep h] head to ! w9d4 ,we 7 fa9t ) r[+1 & our /r5g? w\ld soon h be5 gone1 b we cri$1 #8,"l1 save u1 or we p]i%6' ,!n a light %one ^u ! wat]s1 & we saw a =m walk+ ^u ! tr\bl$ sea1 l unto t ( ! ,son ( ,god1 & he drew ne> ! %ip1 & we knew t x 0 ,jesus2 & he /epp$ ^u ! deck1 & laid 8 h& ^u ! helm1 & he said unto ! w9ds & waves1 ,peace1 be /ill1 & !re 0 a great calm4 ,let n ! fri5ds ( ! ,bible fe>2 ,god is 9 ! mid/ ( u4 ,god %all help u1 & t "r e>ly4' ,9 su* a /ra9 he w5t on to ! close4 #8,wond]ful6 wond]ful6' said my neighbor ! critic2 #8he talks l an angel f heav54'0 ,c4 ,h4 ,,spurgeon4 ,no m9i/] n[ liv+ has be5 he>d by s _m p 9 ! same numb] ( ye>s1 or has be5 ! subject ( s mu* controv]sy z ,spurgeon4 ,! great populace ( ,london has be5 mov$ to its dep?s by 8 prea*+1 & he has met ) ! same en?usia/ic reception :]ev] he has prea*$4 ,he is yet v "y--only ?irty-f\r ye>s ( age--& _h become celebrat$ be=e he 0 tw5ty-"o4 ,su* spe$y recognition is c]ta9ly a pro( ( great m]it1 & 8 example is well wor? our att5tion4 ,spurgeon's p>5ts 7 poor b respectable--8 fa!r & gr&fa!r be+ ,indep5d5t m9i/]s4 ,he e>ly felt x 8 duty to prea*1 & ev5 :5 a *ild 0 accu/om$ to prea* to 8 playmates4 ,8 fa!r wi%$ him to g to college to qualify himself = ! "w 9 regul> =m1 b aft] giv+ ! matt] c>eful consid]ation he decl9$4 ,ev5 :5 he became u%] at ,cambridge1 & began to prea* occasionally1 he refus$ ! tempt+ (f] ( a college c\rse1 & gave x z 8 op9ion t he 0 call$ to g to ! "w at once1 & n to wa/e ye>s 9 prep>ation4 ,we c h>dly tell :at effect a long c\rse ( tra9+1 t w\ld h all[$ "t = 8 f]vid zeal to cool1 w\ld h _h ^u 8 aft] life4 ,ab\t ! same "t he left ! *ur* ( 8 fa!rs & unit$ ) ! ,bapti/s1 believ+ t imm]sion 0 ! prop] baptism4 ,8 occasional m9i/rations 7 m>k$ by mode/y & good s5se1 z well z lov+ e>ne/ness4 ,he 0 soon call$ to take *>ge ( an old1 b decay$ *ur* 9 ,london4 ,its =lorn condition did n dismay him1 & "u 8 vigor\s c>e & mighty prea*+ ! congregation became ov]fl[+4 ,! build+ 0 enl>g$1 b ! congregation grew /ill l>g]4 ,imm5se public halls 7 tak51 & ^! too 7 soon ov]fl[$4 ,8 congregation built a new *ur* ( extraord9>y size1 :i* has be5 pack$ full on ea* prea*+ occasion ev] s9ce4 ,sev]al volumes ( 8 s]mons h be5 publi%$1 & h met ) a ready sale4 ,he prea*es ne>ly a s]mon a day1 corresponds ) a newspap]1 writes books1 sup]9t5ds a m9i/]ial s*ool1 speaks = & aids a numb] ( *>itable in/itutions--altoge!r p]=m+ m labor ?an p]haps any o!r prea*] ( our day4 ,yet ^! multi=m labors are p]=m$ ) su* ease & c]ta9ty t he h>dly ev] appe>s tir$1 & gives no indication ( break+ d[n4 ,:at is ! secret ( ! p[] by :i* ?is man has rea*$ ! he>ts ( ! poor m fully ?an any o!r man = _m ye>s8 ,x is admitt$ on all h&s t he is n a man ( pr(\nd intellect4 ,!re is no trace ( unusual p[]s ( ?\ght ei!r 9 8 publi%$ or spok5 s]mons4 ,b !re is a m ?an ord9>y =ce ( arrangem5t1 illu/ration & expression4 ,he may n be 9 ! fir/ class ( great m51 b he is surely =emo/ 9 ! second class4 ,he also possesses wond]ful en?usiasm4 ,8 fai? is too cle> = a d\bt1 & he is nev] tr\bl$ ) any misgiv+s reg>d+ 8 own p[] ( pres5t+ ! tru?4 ,confid5ce is a "p ( 8 nature1 & enables him to be> unmov$ any am\nt ( opposition1 &1 :ile prea*+1 to foll[ out any sugge/ions ( 8 g5ius4 ,8 p[] ( language is v great4 ,f beg9n+ to end ( 8 disc\rse he nev] falt]s1 nor uses ! wrong ^w4 ,8 voice is /rong1 cle>1 & melodi\s1 mak+ ! trite/ ?\ght int]e/+4 ,b above all1 he is a good man1 & works solely = ! good ( 8 he>]s4 ,?is is ! reason :y he is n intoxicat$ by 8 great success4 ,he feels t ! ,holy ,_s labors ) him1 & t ! bless+ ( ,god re/s ^u him4 ,spurgeon is an extempore prea*] 9 ! be/ s5se ( ! ^w4 ,he /udies & m$itates z fully z 8 "t w p]mit1 & at any p]iod is ready to give :at he ?us ma/]s to ! public4 8,i c't make out10 said a m9i/] to him1 8:5 y /udy1 ,bro!r ,spurgeon4 ,:5 d y make y\r s]mons80 8,oh60 he repli$1 8,i am always /udy+--,i am suck+ 9 some?+ f ev]y?+4 ,if y 7 to ask me home to d9e ) y1 ,i %\ld suck a s]mon out ( y40 ,"o :o _h kn[n him1 ?us writes3 8,) respect to 8 habits ( composition1 he assur$ u t n "o ^w ( 8 s]mons is writt5 be=e deliv]y1 & t ! only use he makes ( 8 p5 ^u !m is to correct ! errors ( ! /5ograph]4 ,8 happy faculty ( m]e m5tal composition1 & ( rememb]+ :at he ?us composes1 saves him mu* "t & drudg]y4 ,he c ex]cise x any:]e2 b probably ) m success 9 ! pulpit1 :ile he is giv+ utt]ance to :at he has pre>rang$ 9 8 m9d4 ,le>n+ n to read manuscript out ( ! pulpit is ! be/ prep>ation = n read+ x 9 ! pulpit1 & he :o 9 8 /udy c ?9k well1 indep5d5tly ( x1 w1 9 ! pulpit1 ?9k bett] )\t x2 = ! excitem5t occasion$ by speak+ :at he has prem$itat$--if t excitem5t does n produce too deep feel+--w summon new ?\ghts to fill up ! old ranks1 & lead :ole divisions ( fre% recruits into ! field40 ,! almo/ irresi/ible attraction ( ,spurgeon's m9i/rations may be inf]r$ f ! foll[+ facts3 8,x 0 no unusual sight on a ,sunday ev5+ to see plac>ds put up outside ( ! build+ 7,exet] ,hall7 ann\nc+ t x 0 full1 & t no m c\ld be admitt$4 ,9 8 own *ur* x has be5 f\nd necess>y = ! police to be pres5t at e s]vice1 & ! pew-hold]s are admitt$ by ticket ?r\gh a side door4 ,?is accompli%$1 at t5 m9utes prior to ! comm5cem5t ( ! s]vice1 ! doors are op5$ & a ru% comm5ces2 b x is spe$ily ov]1 = ! *apel is full--n only ! seats b e in* ( /&+-room be+ occupi$1 & ! gates h to be clos$1 ) an imm5se cr[d ( disappo9t$ expectant he>]s outside4 ,! *ur* has1 inde$1 reason to be deeply grateful t amid ! vice & immorality ( ,london1 a voice s cle> & l\d has be5 lift$ up = ! cause ( ! ,r$eem]40 ,,h5ry ,,w>d ,,bee*]4 ,p]haps no ,am]ican m9i/] has ev] become s well kn[n to ! :ole body ( ! p z ,h5ry ,w>d ,bee*]4 ,he has be5 bitt]ly criticis$ & oppos$ ev5 by memb]s ( 8 own d5om9ation1 b has triumph$ ov] e attack1 & won a pr\d place among prea*]s4 ,he has ev5 become a p[] 9 ! political _w1 & 8 devotion to ! cause ( lib]ty has ende>$ him to ?\s&s :o might o!rwise h nev] he>d 8 "n4 ,?is great orator 0 born 9 #ahac 9 ! ,/ate ( ,connecticut4 ,8 fa!r1 ,lyman ,bee*]1 0 a cl]gyman ( great =ce & celebrity4 ,"y ,bee*] graduat$ at ,amh]/ ,college at tw5ty-"o1 & /udi$ !ology ) 8 fa!r at ,lane ,sem9>y1 ,c9c9nati4 ,:5 ?is 0 conclud$1 he 0 fir/ settl$ ov] a small ,presbyt]ian *ur* at ,lawr5ceburg1 ,ind41 :]e he rema9$ two ye>s1 & !n remov$ to ,indianapolis1 & prea*$ eight ye>s ) great acceptance4 ,8 fir/ s]mon 0 s e>ne/ & p[]ful t x l$ to ! conv]sion ( twelve p]sons4 ,a c\rse ( lectures1 :i* he gave dur+ ?is p]iod to "y m51 attract$ great att5tion1 & he 0 soon aft] call$ to take *>ge ( ,plym\? ,*ur* 9 ,brooklyn4 ,x 0 !n a feeble organization2 b "u 8 c>e has increas$ to va/ proportions4 ,x has n[ a memb]%ip ( #a1gjj1 & ! l>ge/ regul> congregation by f> ( any *ur* 9 ! l&4 ,! income ( ! *ur* f ! r5t ( pews is ne>ly #da1jjj6 ,z a lectur]1 ,bee*] /&s among ! v fir/4 ,he speaks e ye>1 9 ne>ly e prom95t city ( ! ,union1 & ?us contributes p[]fully to ! success ( ! v>i\s re=ms he advocates4 ,he e>ly gave ! anti-slav]y movem5t ! support ( 8 p[]ful eloqu5ce1 & prea*$ & lectur$ aga9/ ! great evil s effectually t no man 0 m d5\nc$ & hat$ at ! ,s\? ?an he4 ,9 ! heat ( our civil conte/ he pass$ "s mon?s 9 ,engl&1 & !re spoke = ! cause ( lib]ty & ,union4 ,he met ) ! mo/ embitt]$ opposition2 ! rabble1 :o _h be5 incit$ by h&bills to come out & put him d[n1 (t5 ro>+ until 8 voice c\ld no long] be he>d4 ,he w\ld calmly wat* !m until ! noise = a mom5t subsid$1 & !n speak aga9 ) su* effect t ! victory 0 soon decl>$ 9 8 favor4 ,no man contribut$ m p[]fully to allay ! prejudice ( ,engl& aga9/ our nation dur+ h] sore conte/4 ,we d n wond] at ! great popul>ity ( ,bee*]4 ,he possesses mu* great] intellectual acut5ess ?an ,spurgeon1 & is inf]ior 9 ?is p>ticul> to no "o ( ! orators ( ! pres5t day4 ,! v>iety ( topics he discusses is imm5se1 & he br+s su* good s5se & s\nd logic to be> on !m1 t ! p feel him to be a tea*] inde$4 ,!y g to he> him1 expect+ t he w apply high spiritual tru? to e day life1 & are n disappo9t$4 ,bee*] is a giant 9 reason+ p[]1 & gives no light1 sup]ficial views ( any?+4 ,8 feel+s are v acute1 & by ! m]e =ce ( sympa?y he has ! smiles & te>s ( 8 audi5ce at comm&4 ,8 p[] ( illu/ration is wond]ful2 ! mo/ ab/ruse subject gr[s pla9 "u ! light ( 8 lum9\s comp>isons4 ,:ile 8 comm& ( language is v great1 & he nev] hesitates = a ^w1 8 ta/e is s pure t he nev] uses an unnecess>y or objectionable t]m4 ,9 fact1 he speaks = ! press z mu* z = ! congregation be=e him4 ,= ye>s 8 s]mons h be5 tak5 d[n by %ort-h& writ]s1 & read all ov] ! _w4 ,sometimes !y d n ev5 receive a f9al correction f him4 ,?is is a conv9c+ evid5ce ( 8 m>vel\s popul>ity4 ,8 s]mons are fir/ prea*$ to a va/ assembly1 & !n spread be=e hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( read]s4 ,n only newspap]s ( 8 own d5om9ation1 b ( o!rs1 c\nt x a great attraction to be able to ann\nce a weekly or semi-mon?ly s]mon f ?is gift$ man4 ,on sev]al occasions we 7 privileg$ to he> him1 & w give "s acc\nt ( ! fir/ "t we li/5$ to 8 eloqu5ce4 ,a l>ge numb] ( p ga!r$ long be=e ! h\r = s]vice1 & wait$ impati5tly = ! op5+ ( ! door4 ,t5 m9utes be=e ! h\r ! cr[d 0 admitt$1 & e vacant pew almo/ in/antly fill$4 ,!n seats 7 fold$ out f ! ends ( ! pews into ! aisles1 & ^! fill$ until ! :ole va/ space 0 "o d5se mass ( liv+ humanity2 on ! gr\nd floor or 9 ! second or ?ird gall]ies !re 0 no unoccupi$ space4 ,_m ev5 !n 7 =c$ to turn away f ! door4 ,! prea*+ 0 pla91 logical1 deep1 & cle> r ?an brilliant4 ,!re 0 no florid imag]y1 b ! light ( imag9ation gleam$ ?r\gh ! :ole disc\rse4 ,! subject 0 naturally analyz$1 e "p p[]fully illu/rat$1 & ! application pung5t en\gh to rea* e he>t n entirely imp]vi\s4 ,sev]al times a smile rippl$ ov] ! faces ( ! congregation1 b la/$ only = a mom5t1 & 0 g5]ally ! prelude = "s deep & solemn impression4 ,bee*] prep>es 8 disc\rses ) c>e1 b nei!r memorizes nor reads !m4 ,on "o occasion we notic$ him lay 8 manuscript on ! desk be=e him & beg9 to read4 ,! description 0 beautiful1 b ! congregation seem$ indiff]5t1 & gave no evid5ce ( close att5tion4 ,soon he pu%$ ! pap] away4 ,!n e eye 0 b5t ^u him ) int5se/ int]e/4 ,bee*]'s ord9>y lectures give b little indication ( 8 real p[]4 ,!y are writt5 & read 9 ! same =m to num]\s audi5ces4 ,b 8 g5ius f9ds free play only :5 ! manuscript is ab&on$4 ,!n1 :5 he speaks = a cause 9 :i* 8 he>t is enli/$1 we h an example ( :at mortal eloqu5ce c be4 ,we once he>d him at a l>ge meet+ :i* he _h visit$ z a li/5]4 ,a long & r dull spee* _h be5 made by ! orator ( ! ev5+4 ,b ,bee*] 0 se51 recogniz$1 & call$ out4 ,e murmur 0 /ill$4 ,laught] & te>s succe$$ ea* o!r ) m>vel\s rapidity2 b he clos$ by a d>+ apo/rophe1 spok5 9 a l[ tone1 t ?rill$ to e he>t1 & held all spell-h\nd = "s mom5ts aft] he _h ceas$ to speak6 ,x seem$ ! full realization ( e dream ( ! might & p[] ( eloqu5ce4 ,,anna ,e4 ,,dick9son4 ,?is lady 0 born 9 #ahdb1 & :ile q "y became celebrat$ z a public speak]4 ,%e has n won h] pres5t position by a s+le brilliant ef=t1 b by long cont9u$ ex]tions & ! display ( solid tal5t4 ,%e is a memb] ( ! ,society ( ,fri5ds1 & e>ly imbib$ ! hatr$ ( oppression & slav]y = :i* t d5om9ation is di/+ui%$4 ,h] pr9cipal public spee*es h be5 giv5 9 ! s]vice ( fre$om1 & to secure a high] position & a wid] range ( employm5ts = wom54 ,h] own example1 z well z h] tea*+s1 has be5 "o ( great value to h] sex4 ,:5 ,miss ,dick9son began to speak %e _h no p[]ful fri5ds to aid1 & = a "t h] audi5ces 7 q small4 ,b %e 0 too firm & devot$ to ! cause %e advocat$ to gr[ disc\rag$4 ,& !re 0 some?+ s attractive 9 h] mann]1 t opposition 0 soon ov]come1 & h] audi5ces grew cont9ually4 ,%e 0 s tru?ful1 e>ne/1 elegant1 & /rong1 t be=e %e 0 tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age %e 0 recogniz$ z a p[] 9 ! political _w1 & few voices m eloqu5t ?an h]s 7 lift$ up on behalf ( lib]ty & ju/ice dur+ our civil w>4 ,%e has also tak5 "p 9 political canvass+ ) great success4 ,h] reputation z a lyceum lectur] is fully e/abli%$4 ,9 all ! cities ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates :]e %e has spok5 l>ge & en?usia/ic audi5ces h greet$ h]4 ,9 speak+1 %e is mode/1 graceful1 & uncon/ra9$1 ) an air & mann] ( p]fect naturalness4 ,!re is no elaborate ornam5t 9 h] words1 b !y are always well *os51 & fl[ ) ! utmo/ ease4 ,h] disc\rses are logical1 & usually be> ^u a s+le po9t ) ov]:elm+ =ce4 ,)\t ! slighte/ attempt at /age effect1 %e frequ5tly displays deep emotion1 & becomes totally absorb$ 9 h] subject4 ,h] voice is full1 cle>1 melodi\s1 & p]fectly di/9ct2 x is p]suasive1 well modulat$1 & equally capable ( express+ pa?os1 & scorn1 & comm&4 ,) su* abilities %e _c fail to be popul>1 & h] influ5ce1 :i* is always = good1 is /eadily wid5+4 ,yet 9 ord] to display h] full p[]1 %e requires a subject t enli/s h] sympa?ies1 & 9 a m]e lit]>y lecture1 al?\gh always in/ructive1 %e does n produce ! same vivid impression z :5 r\s$ by "s inju/ice1 or plead+ ! cause ( ! oppress$ & feeble4 ,! mann] ( prep>ation by :i* ?is lady1 :o takes rank ) ! be/ ( ,am]ican orators1 has acquir$ su* p[] ov] words & he>ts1 m]its att5tion2 9 response to our inquiry1 %e says3 8,= ! fir/ ?ree ye>s ( my public life1 speak+1 ) me1 0 absolutely extempore2 t is1 ,i gave a g5]al look ov] ! field be=e ,i rose to my feet1 !n talk$4 ,s9ce !n1 ,i consid] my subject--let x lie 9 my m9d1 & ga!r fre% ?\ghts--/ati/ics--:at n--almo/ unconsci\sly--z a /one ga!rs moss4 8,:5 ,i wi% to make ! spee*1 ,i arrange ?is mass 9 ord] & =m--make a skeleton ( x on pap]1 & leave ! fill+ 9 till ,i rea* ! plat=m--!n "s ?+s ,i h ?\ght ( are omitt$1 & o!rs ?\ght ( at ! "t1 are sub/itut$4 ,! spee* *anges "h & !re = "s "t1 & !n gradually cry/alizes--t is all4 ,i mean1 ( c\rse1 :at is call$ a regul> lyceum spee*4 ,! political spee*es are made v mu* on my old plan40 ,,john ,a4 ,,b+ham4 ,we select$ "o ,am]ican political orator ( ! g5]ation t has j gone by z a specim5 ( ! capabilities ( extempore spee*1 & w n[ give an in/ance ( ! pres5t4 ,! speak] we h *os5 is widely kn[n4 ,_m h li/5$ to 8 eloqu5t words1 & 9 ! /ormy ev5ts ( ! la/ few ye>s1 8 "n has become a h\sehold ^w4 ,we make ?is *oice ! m readily because ! "* ( eloqu5ce = :i* ,b+ham is not$1 is t :i* _m p]sons suppose to be mo/ incompatible ) a spontane\s selection ( words--beaute\s1 elegant1 melodi\s1 & highly adorn$4 ,b+ham graduat$1 0 admitt$ to ! b>1 & spe$ily became a successful lawy]4 ,he also turn$ 8 att5tion to political affairs1 & became kn[n z a mo/ effici5t public canvass] = ! doctr9es ( ! p>ty ) :i* he act$4 ,?is is "o ( ! be/ s*ools 9 ! _w = ready & vigor\s spee*1 b has a t5d5cy to produce c>elessness ( expression1 & to sub/itute sm>tness = logic & pr9ciple4 ,?is t5d5cy he successfully resi/$1 & became di/+ui%$ = ! deep moral tone1 z well z = ! beauty ( ! language ( 8 addresses4 ,he 0 elect$ to ,congress f an ,ohio di/rict1 & become kn[n z "o ( ! mo/ eloqu5t memb]s ( t body4 ,he took a prom95t "p 9 ! opposition to ! ,kansas & ,nebraska bill1 & met ! entire approval ( ! p4 ,:5 ! ,s\!rn ,/ates comm5c$ to sec$e 9 ! w9t] ( #ahfj-fa he br\ght =w>d a =ce bill to compel !m to submit to national au?ority4 ,?is 0 defeat$ by ^? :o ?\ght t o!r means w\ld avail4 ,"t prov$ ! wisdom ( 8 views4 ,all ?r\gh ! conte/ t foll[$1 8 voice 0 he>d on ! side ( lib]ty & ,union4 ,he soon became kn[n z "o ( ! lead]s ( ! ,republican p>ty1 & has nobly held t position to ! date ( writ+4 ,mr4 ,b+ham1 9 speak+1 is calm1 cle> & po9t$4 ,8 mann] indicates confid5ce1 & 8 words fl[ freely4 ,imag9ation is all[$ full play1 & ! _s ( poetry brea!s ev]y:]e4 ,he ab\nds 9 l(ty & beautiful imag]y1 t places ! tru? 9 ! cle>e/ light4 ,:ile ! subject is nev] lo/ sight (1 a ?\s& graces & beauties clu/] ar\nd x f e h&4 ,f ! elevation & c]ta9ty ( 8 language1 _m casual he>]s h be5 l$ to imag9e t 8 spee*es 7 writt5 & committ$4 ,b ! rev]se is ! case4 ,"s ( 8 highe/ ef=ts h be5 made ) no "t ev5 = ! pre>rangem5t ( ?\ght4 ,?is is "o secret ( 8 great success z a debat]4 ,he is always ready1 ) or )\t w>n+1 to speak ! ?\ghts t are 9 8 m9d4 ,b he pref]s1 ( c\rse1 to h "t to arrange 8 matt] 9 advance4 ,! foll[+ passage w illu/rate ! =ce ( ,mr4 ,b+ham's ?\ght & expression4 ,x is f a spee* 9 reply to ,wadswor?1 & 0 entirely un/udi$3 8,z ! g5tleman !n & n[ has *os5 to assail me = ?is1 ,i may be p>don$ = call+ 8 att5tion to ! inquiry1 :at fur!r did ,i say 9 t connection1 on t day1 & 9 ! he>+ ( ! g5tleman8 ,i said t e loyal citiz5 9 ?is l& held 8 life1 8 prop]ty1 8 home1 & ! *ildr5 ( 8 h\se1 a sacr$ tru/ = ! common def5ce4 ,did t rem>k excite any horror 9 ! g5tleman's m9d4 ,n at all ,i und]took1 9 my humble way1 to demon/rate t1 by ! v lett] & _s ( ! ,con/itution1 y _h a "r to lay ! lives & ! prop]ty & ! homes1 ! v he>?-/ones ( ! hone/ & ! j & ! good1 "u contribution by law1 t ! ,republic might live4 ,did t rem>k excite any abhorr5ce 9 ! g5tleman1 or any ?reat t fifte5 slave ,/ates w\ld be comb9$ aga9/ u8 ,n at all4 ,i /at$ 9 my place j z pla9ly1 t by y\r law y might = ! common def5ce n only take ! fa!r ( ! h\se1 b ! elde/ born ( 8 h\se1 to ! t5t$ field by =ce ( y\r conscription1 if ne$ be1 & subject him to ! necess>y despotism ( milit>y rule1 to ! pe/il5ce ( ! camp1 & ! de/ruction ( ! battle-field4 ,& yet ! g5tleman 0 n />tl$ ) ! horrid vision ( a violat$ ,con/itution1 & !re bur/ f 8 indignant lips no ?reat t if we did ?is !re w\ld be a union ( fifte5 slave ,/ates aga9/ ! ,f$]al despotism4 ,i ass]t$ 9 my place1 fur!r1 t aft] y _h tak5 ! fa!r & 8 elde/ born away1 & giv5 !m bo? to dea? a sacrifice = _! c\ntry1 y c\ld1 by ! v t]ms ( ! ,con/itution1 take away ! %elt] ( ! ro(-tree :i* 8 own h&s _h re>$ = ! protection ( ! wife & ! *ildr5 t 7 left beh9d1 & qu>t] y\r soldi]s b5ea? x1 t ! ,republic might live4 ,& yet ! g5tleman saw no infraction ( ! ,con/itution1 & made no ?reat ( becom+ ! arm$ ally ( ! rebellion4 ,b ! mom5t t ,i decl>$ my conviction t ! public exig5cies & ! public necessities requir$1 t ! ,con/itution & ! oa?s ( ! p's ,repres5tatives requir$1 t by y\r law--! imp]ial m&ate ( ! p--! proclamation ( lib]ty %\ld g =? ov] all t rebel region1 decl>+ t e slave 9 ! s]vice ( ^! inf]nal conspirators aga9/ y\r *ildr5 & m9e1 aga9/ y\r homes & m9e1 aga9/ y\r ,con/itution & m9e1 aga9/ ! sacr$ graves ( y\r k9dr$ & m9e1 %all be free1 ! g5tleman rises />tl$ ) ! horrid vision ( brok5 fett]s & lib]at$ bondm51 treason ov]?r[n1 & a c\ntry r$eem$1 reg5]at$1 & =ev] reunit$1 & cries1 ,no2 ?is %all n be2 fifte5 ,/ates w comb9e aga9/ y4 ,slav]y is ! civiliz]2 y %all nei!r d5\nce x z an #8inf]nal atrocity1' nor ov]?r[ x to save ! ,union4 ,i repeat ! ^w :i* s mov$ ! g5tleman f 8 propriety1 t *attel slav]y is an #8inf]nal atrocity4' ,i ?ank ,god t ,i le>n$ to lisp x at my "m's knee4 ,x is a logical sequ5ce1 sir1 disguise x z y may1 f t gold5 rule :i* 0 among ! fir/ utt]ances ( all ( u1 #8:atsoev] ye w\ld t m5 %\ld d unto y1 d ye s ev5 unto !m4'0 ,! second in/ance is tak5 f a spee* on ! proposal to furni% relief to ! ,s\!rn]s :o 7 9 a de/itute & />v+ condition aft] ! close ( ! w>4 8,no w> rocks ! cont95t1 no arm$ rebellion ?reat5s ) ov]?r[ ! in/itutions ( ! c\ntry4 ,! pill>s ( ! holy temple ( our lib]ties d n tremble 9 ! /orm ( battle2 ! :ole heav5s are no long] cov]$ ) blackness1 & ! habitations ( ! p are no long] fill$ ) lam5tation & sorr[ = _! beautiful sla9 ^u ! high places ( ! l&6 ,?anks be to ,god6 ! h>ve/ ( dea? is end$ & ! sickle has dropp$ f ! h&s ( ! #8pale reap]s' on ! field ( mortal combat4 8,sir1 y may apply 9 ! day ( w> ! iron rule ( w>1 & say t ! innoc5t & un(f5d+ 9 ! beleagur$ city %all p]i% ) ! guilty2 b :5 w>'s dread al>m has end$1 z happily x has ) u1 :5 ! brok5 battalions ( rebellion h surr5d]$ to ! victori\s legions ( ! ,republic1 let no man /& )9 ! =um ( ! p & utt] ! horrid blasphemy t y %all n h reg>d = ! fami%+ poor1 t y %all n give a cup ( wat] to him t is ready to p]i% 9 ! "n ( our ,ma/]1 t y %all n ev5 relieve ! wants ( ^? :o h nev] (f5d$ aga9/ ! laws4 ,! un(f5d+ little *ildr5 are n enemies ( y\r c\ntry or ( m9e2 ! crime ( treason is n ^u _! s\ls4 ,surely1 surely !y are n to be d5i$ y\r c>e4 ,! great ,fr5* patriot1 bani%$ f ! empire = 8 love ( lib]ty1 ga!r$ little *ildr5 ar\nd him 9 8 exile at ,gu]nsey1 & f$ !m f 8 own table1 utt]+ ! judgm5t ( our common humanity 9 its be/ e/ate2 #8,little *ildr5 at lea/ are innoc5t1 = ,god wills x s4'0 ,,william ,e4 ,,glad/one4 ,?is great /atesman & orator is an extempore speak]1 & "o ( ! be/ 9 ! _w4 ,he has n1 p]haps1 ! fi]y =ce ( ,john ,bright1 :o1 l himself1 speaks )\t previ\s prep>ation ( words1 b f> surpasses him 9 v>iety & elegance4 ,8 spee*1 l a prism1 reflects a ?\s& %ades ( color1 & ! dulle/ subject "u 8 treatm5t blooms into life & light4 ,8 /yle is m l t ( ,cic]o ?an ( ,demo/h5es1 be+ diffuse1 sp>kl+1 graceful--fl[+ l a riv]1 t is always full to ! brim4 ,he is prep>$ at any h\r ( day or night to take "p 9 any discussion ( int]e/ to him4 ,ev5 :5 he is expla9+ details ( f9ance1 usually ! drie/ ( subjects1 he is li/5$ to ) delight$ int]e/4 ,by ! m]e =ce ( 8 tal5ts he has rais$ himself to a comm&+ position 9 ,engl&1 & z a writ] has also attract$ mu* att5tion4 ,glad/one is ( a light & n]v\s build1 has a v sweet & attractive c\nt5ance1 & a ri* & fasc9at+ voice4 ,z a debat] he is almo/ faultless1 unless 8 want ( h>%ness & malici\sness be call$ a fault4 ,sometimes1 too1 he %[s a disposition to yield r ?an cont5d1 b nev] :5 pr9ciple is at /ake4 ,to him1 p]haps m ?an any o!r1 belongs ! cr$it ( ! great re=m bill :i* has almo/ *ang$ ! gov]nm5t ( ,great ,brita94 ,! foll[+ extract f a communication on ! subject ( extempore speak+ w be read ) deep int]e/3 8,,haw&51 ,,nor? ,,wales1 ,oct4 #ab1 #ahfg4 444 8,i v5ture to rem>k1 fir/1 t y\r c\ntrym51 s f> z a v limit$ int]c\rse & exp]i5ce c enable me to judge1 /& v little 9 ne$ ( in/ruction or advice z to public speak+ f ?is side ( ! wat]4 ,& fur!r1 aga9 speak+ ( my own exp]i5ce1 ,i ?9k t ! public m5 ( ,engl& are1 beyond all o!rs1 engross$ by ! multitude ( c>es & subjects ( ?\ght belong+ to ! gov]nm5t ( a highly div]sifi$ empire1 & !re=e are probably less ?an o!rs qualifi$ ei!r to imp>t to o!rs ! be/ me?ods ( prep>+ public disc\rses1 or to consid] & adopt !m = !mselves4 8,suppose1 h[ev]1 ,i 7 to make ! attempt1 ,i %\ld c]ta9ly f\nd myself on a d\ble basis1 comp\nd$ z foll[s3 ,fir/1 ( a wide & ?or\gh g5]al education1 :i*1 ,i ?9k1 gives a suppl5ess & read9ess1 z well z a firmness ( tissue to ! m9d1 n easily obta9$ )\t ?is =m ( discipl9e4 ,secondly1 ( ! habit ( con/ant & se>*+ reflection on ! subject ( any propos$ disc\rse4 ,su* reflection w naturally clo! itself 9 words1 & ( ! phrases x supplies1 _m w spontane\sly rise to ! lips4 ,i w n say t no o!r =ms ( prep>ation c be useful1 b ,i "k little ( !m1 & x is on ^!1 beyond all d\bt1 t ,i w\ld advise ! "y pr9cipally to rely4 8,i rema91 c41 ,w4 ,e4 ,,glad/one4 8,w4 ,,pitt5g]40 ,,mat!w ,,simpson4 ,?is di/+ui%$ div9e 0 born 9 ,cadiz1 ,o41 9 #ahaa1 began to prea* 9 #ahcc1 & 0 elect$ ,bi%op ( ! ,m4 ,e4 ,*ur* 9 #aheb4 ,at ! v beg9n+ ( 8 m9i/]ial c>e]1 8 s]mons made a deep impression1 & 8 e>ly promise has be5 abundantly realiz$4 ,z a lectur] he has also acquir$ a des]v$ly high rank4 ,dur+ ! w> ( ! rebellion he deliv]$ a disc\rse on ! 8,future ( ,our ,c\ntry10 9 ! pr9cipal cities ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* gave him a m ?an d5om9ational fame4 ,?is lecture has probably nev] be5 surpass$ z a summ+ up ( ! res\rces ( ! nation1 & an application ( ! data to ! pr$iction ( ! probable de/9y & =m ( our gov]nm5t4 ,z f> z words 7 conc]n$1 x 0 an extempore address1 & _h ! peculi>ity t might be expect$ f ?is fact1 ( be+ mu* bett] deliv]$1 & !re=e1 ( mak+ a mu* m pr(\nd impression at "s po9ts ?an o!rs4 ,simpson travels cont9ually1 prea*+ at conf]5ces1 d$icat+ *ur*es1 & deliv]+ lectures1 ?us be+ br\ght into close contact ) ! p 9 all p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,he has little resemblance to ! popul> ideal ( an orator4 ,8 action is ungraceful1 & 8 voice l[ & almo/ monoton\s4 ,he is also h>d work$1 & n hav+ ! p[]s ( endurance possess$ by "s ( our incessant prea*]s1 he usually appe>s tir$ & exhau/$4 ,yet he has ?ree qualities t g f> to make up = ^! defects4 ,he is int5sely e>ne/ & real4 ,be=e li/5+ to him five m9utes 8 he>]s are conv9c$ t he is speak+ ! v ?\ghts ( 8 s\l )\t evasion or pret5se4 ,he also has great imag9ation1 &1 z a consequ5ce1 ! /atem5t ( facts1 9 :i* he ab\nds1 is nev] dry or t$i\s4 ,& la/ly1 he has great comm& ( cond5s$ & expressive language4 ,:at he wi%es to say is said 9 a few words1 & e s]mon is fill$ ) ! mat]ials ( ?\ght r ?an ) m]e v]biage4 ,^! qualities atone = e defici5cy ( ext]nal grace1 & place him among ! mo/ popul> m9i/]s ( ! ,me?odi/ ,*ur*4 ,simpson prea*es entirely extempore1 hav+ no "t to write1 ev5 if he _h ! disposition4 ,8 memory is t5aci\s1 & 8 p[] ( obs]vation ke51 s t he is nev] at a loss = facts or illu/rations4 ,he has a t5d] he>t also1 & (t5 appeals to 8 own vivid exp]i5ces1 ?us draw+ ! sympa?ies ( ! p ) him4 ,,w5dell ,,phillips4 ,!re c sc>cely be a d\bt t ,w5dell ,phillips is ! greate/ pr(essional lectur] ( ! pres5t day4 ,he is always radical1 & on ! extreme/ v]ge ( e "q1 al?\gh 9 _m ?+s ! p h foll[$ h>d on 8 foot/eps4 ,z a speak]1 he has great p[]1 comb9$ ) unsurpass$ elegance4 ,8 mann] is calm1 8 voice ( silv]y sweetness1 yet e r\nd$ s5t5ce is full ( liv+ flame1 & no man is s unsp>+ 9 8 d5unciations4 ,9 a /yle z lucid1 exact1 & pure z t ( a s*ol> :o has be5 all 8 life seclud$ f ! _w1 & busi$ ) lit]ature alone1 he utt]s words & s5t5ces befitt+ ! /ormie/ revolution4 ,! lectures ( ,phillips1 :i* are repeat$ aga9 & aga91 are1 ( c\rse1 well /udi$ & ! language foll[$ pretty closely1 ?\gh n inv>iably4 ,b l ,mirabeau1 x is 9 8 un/udi$ spee*es t he rises highe/4 ,! fir/ address t gave him public fame 0 ( ?is "*4 ,a meet+ _h be5 call$ 9 ,bo/on to pass resolutions ( indignation on ! occasion ( ! murd] ( ,lovejoy1 :o 0 kill$ 9 ,ill9ois = 8 devotion to fre$om4 ,! :ole bus9ess ( ! meet+ 0 arre/$1 & ! resolutions 7 on ! po9t ( be+ defeat$ by ! p[]ful opposition ( a lead+ politician1 :o fe>$ ev5 to say t murd] 0 wrong4 ,phillips 0 pres5t z a li/5]1 b c\ld keep 8 seat no long]1 &1 aris+1 gave v5t to 8 feel+s 9 a spee* s full ( ?rill+ & indignant eloqu5ce1 t ! purpose ( ! meet+ 0 at once secur$1 & he himself br\ght be=e ! public z "o ( ! fir/ orators ( ! age4 ,9 reg>d to ! mann] ( 8 prep>ation ,phillips himself ref]s to ! celebrat$ lett] ( ,"l ,br\gham to ! fa!r ( ,macaulay1 on ! tra9+ ( 8 son 9 eloqu5ce4 ,! sub/ance ( ,br\gham's advice is1 to fir/ acquire ! p[] ( speak+ freely & easily be=e an audi5ce1 no matt] at :at sacrifice ( accuracy & elegance4 ,?is1 he says truly1 c only be done by mu* practice4 ,:5 ?is is accompli%$1 he recomm5ds /udy+ & committ+ to memory ! orations ( ,demo/h5es until _! _s is fully imbib$4 ,,john ,p4 ,,durb94 ,?is travel]1 s*ol>1 & prea*]1 adds ano!r "o to ! long & illu/ri\s li/ ( ^? :o h triumph$ ov] e h9drance & ris5 to em95ce4 ,he 0 born 9 #ahjj4 ,a di/rict s*ool af=d$ him all ! education he obta9$ be=e ent]+ ! ,me?odi/ it9]acy1 b :ile endur+ ! h>d%ips ( a pione] m9i/] he /udi$ dilig5tly1 p]us+ 8 ,bible & comm5t>ies ar\nd ! log fires ( 8 p>i%ion]s :5ev] ev5 ?is poor opportunity occurr$4 ,:5 he 0 appo9t$ to ,c9c9nati a m promis+ field op5$4 ,he w5t to college dur+ ! week1 & /ill fill$ 8 pulpit on ! ,sabba?4 ,he soon aft] became a pr(essor 9 a college1 & aft]w>d *apla9 to ,congress1 :]e he 0 highly di/+ui%$4 ,!n he s]v$ a "t z editor ( ! ,new ,york ,advocate1 & became ,presid5t ( ,dick5son ,college4 ,next he travel$ ?r\gh ! old _w1 z f> z ,egypt & ,syria1 &1 return+1 wrote a v int]e/+ acc\nt ( 8 j\rney4 ,he 01 la/ly1 elect$ ,correspond+ ,secret>y ( ! ,m4 ,e4 ,mission>y ,society--a position :i* he has held = ye>s1 & :i* br+s him into contact ) l>ge masses ( p 9 e "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,! m]its ( ,durb9 z an orator are _m & high4 ,he possesses deep feel+1 & ! te>s ( ! p to :om he prea*es are at 8 comm&4 ,!re is a greatness ab\t 8 "* t is always felt1 & ) x a *ildlike simplicity t ende>s him to e he>t4 ,!re is an utt] abs5ce ( ! pret5sion we sometimes f9d ab\t ^? :o are consci\s ( ! possession ( great p[]s4 ,8 arrangem5t ( e s]mon is pla91 simple1 & easily rememb]$4 ,8 comm& ( words is complete1 & he always f9ds j ! "o he wants )\t hesitation4 ,! tones ( 8 voice are affectionate & pleas+1 ?\gh :5 n call$ into animation by "s subject wor?y ( 8 p[]s1 a little monoton\s1 yet s /rong t :5 he seems to be only talk+ at ! pit* ( common conv]sation1 e ^w c be he>d to ! extremity ( ! l>ge/ *ur*4 ,b 8 voice c be rais$ to a ?und] peal t is ! m impressive because x is seldom employ$4 ,! p]fect ease ) :i* he prea*es1 is f> diff]5t f ! mann] ( ^? :o h memoriz$ e ^w & are full ( anxiety = its effect4 ,(t5 :ile he talks away ) app>5t indiff]5ce1 e eye is fix$ on 81 or moi/5$ ) te>s4 ,:5 we he>d him1 "s ( 8 images 7 ov]:elm+ly sublime1 & we held our brea? 9 awe2 at o!r times 8 explanations seem$ to ?r[ new & radiant light on :at 0 be=e d>k & obscure4 ,! mode by :i* ,durb9 atta9$ 8 great success is wor?y ( c>eful att5tion4 ,9 a communication to ! compil] ( ^! notices1 he says3 444 8,i nev] wrote my s]mons--n m ?an two or ?ree 9 my life--& ^! n till aft] ,i _h prea*$ !m4 ,my plan has be5 to h a well-def9$ topic1 & only su* subdivisions z naturally arise out ( ! topic4 ,i g5]ally put !m d[n sep>ately on a small piece ( pap]1 :i* ,i take into ! pulpit1 b sc>cely ev] use4 ,?is is commonly call$ a skeleton4 ,i d n write out any?+ ,i propose to say1 b c>efully ?9k ov] ! ma9 po9ts2 b nev] commit !m to memory4 ,i keep )9 liv+ t\* ( my skeleton1 b dep5d on ! natural consecutiv5ess ( ?\ght to enable me to clo! x ) muscle2 & ,i dep5d on ! inspiration ( ! occasion to give x life & color4 ,! inspiration is p>tly human & p>tly div9e2 aris+ f ! comb9$ action ( ! div9e & ! human _s1 :i* comb9$ action con/itutes ! p[] ( a prea*$ gospel4 8,s f> z human ability is conc]n$1 ,i believe t ?is is ! secret ( any success ,i h _h 9 prea*+ ! ,gospel40 ,,newman ,,hall4 ,! ,evangeli/ gives ,rev4 ,newman ,hall's acc\nt ( h[ he le>n$ extempore prea*+1 z foll[s3 8,:5 ,i w5t to college1 x seem$ to me t ,i %\ld nev] be able to say a ^w 9 public )\t writ+4 ,b ,i soon det]m9$ t if ,i 0 go+ to be a prea*]1 & p>ticul>ly if ,i want$ to be any?+ l a successful prea*]1 ,i mu/ =m ! habit ( extemporane\s address4 ,s ,i w5t into my room1 lock$ ! door1 plac$ ! ,bible be=e me on a mantel1 op5$ x at r&om1 & !n on :atev] passage my eye *anc$ to re/1 proce$$ to deliv] a disc\rse ( t5 m9utes4 ,?is practice 0 kept up an entire twelve mon?s4 ,e day1 = a :ole ye>1 t5 m9utes 7 giv5 to t k9d ( speak+1 9 my own room by myself4 ,at fir/ ,i f\nd x v difficult to speak s long "r to ! po9t4 ,b !n if ,i c\ldn't talk on ! subject ,i w\ld talk ab\t x--mak+ good rem>ks & moral reflections--be+ c>eful to keep up ! fl[1 & say some?+ to ! end ( ! t]m allott$ = ! ex]cise4 ,at ! end ( ! twelve mon?s1 h[ev]1 ,i f\nd ,i c\ld n only speak ) a good degree ( flu5cy1 b t ,i c\ld hold myself /rictly to ! subject 9 h&4 ,y take ?is c\rse4 ,don't d y\r practis+ on an audi5ce4 ,t is outrage\s40 ,,app5dix4 ,i4 ,,! ,,*airman',s ,,guide4 ,,ord] ,,( ,,proce$+s ,,9 ,,v>i\s ,,meet+s4 ,:5 ! bus9ess ( an assembly is limit$ to he>+ "o man speak1 !re is little ne$ ( rules4 ,b :5 !re are sev]al spee*es1 & v>i\s k9ds ( bus9ess are m+l$ ) !m1 ! subject ( ord] becomes important4 ,_m a flu5t speak] may be emb>rass$ because he does n "k j :5 he ought to speak1 & h[ to introduce :at he desires4 ,a memb] ( ,congress1 = in/ance1 _c be effici5t1 no matt] :at 8 tal5ts1 until he ma/]s ! rules ( bus9ess4 ,ev5 9 small] & less =mal assemblies x is ( great advantage to e "o1 especially if call$ ^u to preside1 z all may be 9 ?is l& ( discussions1 to "k j h[ to fulfil ! duties impos$ on him4 ,9 ?is %ort1 & necess>ily imp]fect sket*1 we w only aim to give ^? simple =ms ( p>liam5t>y law t w (t5 be ne$$ by e man :o essays to speak at all4 ,e society has ! "r to =m its own laws1 & :5ev] x does positively det]m9e any matt]1 ! g5]al rules ( ord] are sup]s$$ to t ext5t4 ,b x w\ld be an endless task = any body to provide be=eh& = e case t might occur1 & ! great] "p ( ^! are always left to be decid$ by g5]al usage4 ,?is usage1 :i* has be5 gr[+ up = ye>s1 n[ cov]s almo/ e possible po9t4 ,an em95t au?ority says3 8,x is mu* m mat]ial t !re %\ld be a rule to g by ?an :at t rule is1 = !n ! /&>d _c be *ang$ to suit ! caprice or int]e/ ( ! *airman1 or m active memb]s1 & all are assur$ ( ju/ice40 ,! same rules apply to all assemblies1 ) a few modifications1 :i* are readily sugge/$ by ! nature ( ! assembly4 ,we w give a few ( ! special applications fir/1 & aft]w>d ! g5]al rules4 ,,religi\s ,,assemblies4 ,! regul> public s]vice ( *ur*es :i* h a ritual is gov]n$ by x1 & 9 ^? :i* h none1 usage always fixes a c\rse f :i* ! prea*] %\ld n v>y )\t good reasons4 ,! mo/ common mode ( proc$ure 9 *ur*es t are gov]n$ by unwritt5 cu/om is1 fir/1 a %ort invocation ( ,god's bless+ on ! s]vice4 ,?is is omitt$ 9 ! ,me?odi/ *ur* & "s o!rs4 ,!n foll[s ! read+ & s++ ( a hymn2 pray]1 ! read+ ( a ,scripture lesson 7:i* is frequ5tly omitt$ 9 ev5+ s]vice71 s++ aga9 & prea*+4 ,!re are sev]al modes ( clos+4 ,sometimes ! ord] is3 pray]2 s++ a hymn1 ) doxology atta*$2 & b5$iction4 ,sometimes s++ comes fir/1 !n pray]1 & ! b5$iction pron\nc$ :ile ! congregation is 9 ! attitude ( pray]4 ,sometimes !re are f\r di/9ct acts2 s++ a hymn2 pray]2 s++ ! doxology2 & b5$iction4 ,! ord] 9 :i* ^! modes ( clos+ are /at$ is1 9 our op9ion1 also ! ord] ( pref]5ce4 ,bus9ess & congregational meet+s are gov]n$ by ! common rules ( ord]4 ,,anniv]s>ies1 ,,celebrations1 ,,etc4 ,9 meet+s ( ?is "*1 ! object usually is to enjoy a pleasant "t1 he> spee*es1 & pass resolutions t h be5 prep>$ be=eh&1 & on :i* no discussion is expect$4 ,9 ,sunday-s*ool celebrations1 & o!r meet+s ( ! same nature1 let a programme be =m$1 ) ea* p]=mance 9 its ord]1 & ei!r pr9t$ & di/ribut$ or read z soon z ! meet+ is call$ to ord]4 ,?is mu/ be done at ! prop] "t by ! sup]9t5d5t1 or "s "o appo9t$ = ! purpose1 :o w act z *airman1 & introduce ea* speak] 9 8 turn4 ,any resolutions (f]$ %\ld be 9 writ+1 & also read by him1 & put to vote 9 ! regul> =m4 ,:5 ! ex]cises are clos$ ! meet+ w be dismiss$ )\t wait+ = a motion to adj\rn4 ,9 anniv]s>y meet+s ( a m =mal "*1 x is common to h ea* speak] suppli$1 9 advance1 ) a resolution on :i* he is to speak4 ,at ! prop] "t he w arise1 (f] ! resolution1 & make 8 address4 ,if x is desirable to h m ?an "o spee* on t resolution1 ! next c second ! motion & speak 9 ! same way4 ,!n ! resolution may be put 9 ! common =m4 ,?is c be cont9u$ until all ! resolutions & speak]s are dispos$ (4 ,,lit]>y ,,& ,,educational ,,societies4 ,9 ! societies usually atta*$ to colleges1 ev]y?+ %\ld be done ) ! mo/ scrupul\s regul>ity1 & ?us ! rules ( public bus9ess fully le>n$4 ,x is well also = !m to h a c]ta9 ord] by :i* all _! ex]cises %all be gov]n$1 & ev]y?+ made to move on ) ! regul>ity ( clockwork4 ,a committee c easily con/ruct su* a plan1 & x c be am5d$ z desir$4 ,x %\ld always h a dep>tm5t = miscellane\s bus9ess4 ,lit]>y societies & debat+ clubs are v commonly =m$ 9 villages & s*ool di/ricts1 & :5 prop]ly c>ri$ on c sc>cely fail to be pr(itable4 ,_m a p]son has receiv$ 8 fir/ lesson 9 eloqu5ce 9 su* a s*ool1 & ! flu5cy & confid5ce a boy or "y man c acquire 9 !m may be ( life-long advantage4 ,_! organization may be v simple4 ,a meet+ has be5 call$ by "s "o :o is int]e/$ 9 ! matt]1 & :5 ! p are met he calls !m to ord]1 nom9ates a *airman1 puts ! "q1 & at ! reque/ ( ! *air expla9s ! object ( ! meet+4 ,"s "o !n moves to appo9t a committee to draft a ,con/itution & ,by-laws4 ,x is be/ = ! committee to h ^! previ\sly prep>$1 t no "t may be lo/4 ,! foll[+ =m1 tak5 f 8,h[ to ,talk10 ) a few modifications1 w be all t is ne$$ 9 mo/ cases3 ,,con/itution4 ,,article ,i4--,"n4 ,?is ,society %all be kn[n z ! ( ,,article ,,ii4--,objects4 ,! object ( ?is ,society %all be ! improvem5t ( its ,memb]s 9 debat+1 & ! promotion ( _! intellectual1 social1 & moral advancem5t4 ,,article ,,iii4--,memb]%ip4 ,any p]son ( good moral "* may become a memb] ( ?is ,society1 by sign+ ! ,con/itution & pay+ ! initiation fee4 ,9 "s cases x may be necess>y to receive ,memb]s by a vote ( ! ,society1 aft] be+ regul>ly propos$4 ,,article ,,iv4--,(fic]s & _! ,duties4 ,! ,(fic]s ( ?is ,society %all consi/ ( a ,presid5t1 a ,vice-,presid5t1 a ,secret>y1 & a ,treasur]2 ea* ( :om %all be elect$ by ballot1 & _! duties %all be ! same z are g5]ally requir$ ( su* (fic]s 9 simil> societies4 ,,article ,v4--,am5dm5ts4 ,no addition1 alt]ation1 or am5dm5t %all be made to ?is ,con/itution )\t a vote ( two-?irds ( ! ,memb]s pres5t1 & no motion to am5d %all be act$ ^u at ! same meet+ at :i* x is propos$4 ,,by-,,laws4 ,,article ,i4--,meet+s4 ,,sec4 #a4--,?is ,society %all meet on ! ( ea* = ! promotion ( its objects & ! transaction ( bus9ess4 ,,sec4 #b4--,!re %all be an annual meet+ on ! ( = ! election ( ,(fic]s1 & to he> ! reports ( ! ,secret>y & ,treasur]4 ,,sec4 #c4--,special meet+s may be call$ by ! ,presid5t at ! reque/ ( ,memb]s4 ,,article ,,ii4--,initiation ,fee4 ,all p]sons receiv$ into ?is ,society %all pay ! sum ( on sign+ ! ,con/itution4 ,,article ,,iii4--,dues4 ,all ,memb]s %all pay ! sum ( p] mon?1 to be appropriat$1 ) ! initiation fees1 to defray+ ! exp5ses ( ! ,society2 & no ,memb] :o may be 9 arre>s = dues m ?an two mon?s %all be all[$ to speak or vote on any "q till su* arre>ages %all be paid4 ,,article ,,iv4--,expulsions4 ,any ,memb] :o %all refuse to con=m to ! ,con/itution & ,by-laws1 or %all be guilty ( repeat$ disord]ly conduct1 %all be subject$ to expulsion by a vote ( two-?irds ( ! ,memb]s pres5t2 b no motion to expel a ,memb] %all be act$ ^u at ! same meet+ at :i* x is (f]$4 ,,article ,v4--,am5dm5ts4 ,! same rule 9 ref]5ce to am5dm5ts %all apply to ! ,by-laws z to ! ,con/itution4 ,! ,con/itution :5 pres5t$ may be discuss$1 & put to vote1 altoge!r1 or article by article2 if adopt$1 x becomes ! law ( ! meet+4 ,a li/ ( memb]s w !n be made out1 includ+ all :o desire to be enroll$1 & are will+ to pay ! initiation fee4 ,!n a new election ( (fic]s %\ld be held1 ) ^? only :o are memb]s vot+4 ,! old *airman w reta9 8 seat until ! new "o is elect$4 ,:5 x is int5d$ to h p]=mances ( diff]5t k9ds1 z essays1 orations1 debates1 etc41 x is well to appo9t a committee to draw up a regul> ord] 9 :i* ^! w be call$ =4 ,! society be+ n[ organiz$1 may proce$ to bus9ess1 or fix ! "t = next meet+ & adj\rn4 ,,w>d1 ,,di/rict1 ,,or ,,t[n%ip ,,meet+s4 ,:5 "o or m p]sons desire to call a meet+ = any purpose1 !re is (t5 great confusion & unc]ta9ty z to ! mode ( proc$ure4 ,a few simple rules w g f> to obviate all difficulty4 ,9 ! call1 ^? only :o are favorable to ! int5d$ object %\ld be invit$1 & if o!rs att5d1 !y %\ld take no "p 9 ! meet+1 unless *all5g$ to discussion4 ,! responsibility = ! guidance ( ! meet+ until its regul> organization1 re/s on ^? :o h call$ x4 ,:5 ! p h met at ! appo9t$ "t1 "o ( ^! w ask !m to come to ord]1 & w !n nom9ate a *airman2 :5 ?is is second$1 he w put x to vote1 & call ! man elect$ to ! *air1 :o w put all o!r motions4 ,a secret>y also %\ld be elect$1 & !n ! meet+ is regul>ly organiz$4 ,! *airman next /ates ! object ( ! meet+1 or if he pref]s1 calls ^u "o ( ^? int]e/$ to d x4 ,"s "o w !n move ! appo9tm5t ( a committee 7:i* is said to be ! ,am]ican panacea = ev]y?+7 to prep>e resolutions expressive ( ! wi%es or op9ion ( ! meet+4 ,if ! names ( ! p]sons to compose ! committee be n m5tion$ 9 ! orig9al motion1 x is usual = ! *airman to "n !m1 putt+ ! "n ( ! mov] fir/ on ! li/4 ,! *airman may1 = good reasons1 excuse any "o ( ! committee f act+1 if !re be no objections on ! "p ( ! assembly4 ,b if !re are1 he c only be excus$ by vote4 ,! committee !n require "s "t to make _! report1 & x is common = ! *airman to call on "s "o1 :o ought to be notifi$ be=eh&1 = a spee*4 ,:5 ! committee h f9i%$ _! bus9ess !y w return1 & wait+ until no "o is speak+1 _! *airman w address ! *airman ( ! meet+1 tell+ him t !y are ready to report4 ,if no objection is made1 ! resolutions prep>$ are !n read1 & are at ! disposal ( ! meet+4 ,!y may be treat$ sep>ately1 or toge!r1 am5d$1 adopt$ or reject$4 ,! resolutions may be prep>$ be=eh&1 9 :i* case ! appo9tm5t ( ! committee may be disp5s$ )4 ,if ! resolutions %\ld n be satisfactory1 !y may be recommitt$4 ,:5 ! resolutions h be5 dispos$ (1 ! speak] w ann\nce t !re is no bus9ess be=e ! h\se1 :i* w ei!r br+ a motion to adj\rn1 or new bus9ess4 ,,delegat$ ,,bodies4 ,all legislatures1 bo>ds ( directors1 etc41 hold _! p[] only 9 tru/ = o!rs :o are n pres5t1 & are !re=e held to /rict] limitations 9 ! p]=mance ( bus9ess ?an ^? assemblies :i* act only = !mselves4 ,9 case ! "r ( any delegate is disput$1 ?is mu/ be settl$ z soon z possible4 ,9 ne>ly all su* meet+s x is also provid$ t _m ?+s %all n be consid]$ z det]m9$ until ref]r$ back to ^? by :om ! memb]s 7 *os54 ,) ^! exceptions1 & ! special rules t su* bodies may provide1 !y are "u ! /rict gov]nm5t ( p>liam5t>y law4 ,,cont9u$ ,,meet+s4 ,:5 any body holds sessions at int]vals1 x becomes necess>y to be> 9 m9d :at has be5 previ\sly done4 ,?is is accompli%$ by hav+ ! m9utes ( ea* meet+ read at ! beg9n+ ( ! next1 & if any mi/akes exi/ !y are correct$4 ,?is enables ! assembly to take up ! bus9ess :]e x clos$1 & proce$ z if !re _h be5 no int]ruption4 ,x is also well to h a c]ta9 ord] ( bus9ess fix$1 :i* %all always sugge/ :at is prop] to be done & prev5t confusion4 ,?is ord] w necess>ily diff] 9 ! v>i\s k9ds ( meet+s4 ,legislative bodies1 f ! great v>iety ( bus9ess br\ght be=e !m1 c seldom fix on any ord] t c be foll[$ f day to day1 b !y (t5 e/abli% a regul> ord] = a c]ta9 "t4 ,mat?ias sugge/$ ! foll[+ arrangem5t = bus9ess meet+s ( bank directors1 railway /ockhold]s1 etc43 #a4 ,pres5t+ communications f p>ties outside ( ! meet+4 ,a communication is read1 & motions = action on x may be made1 am5d$1 & pass$ or reject$4 ,aft] ?is has be5 done1 or if no motion is made1 ! next communication is tak5 up4 #b4 ,reports ( /&+ committees4 ,! *airman w call = ^! 9 _! ord]1 & ea* "o1 if prep>$1 w be read by ! *airman ( ! committee4 ,x %\ld close ) a resolution ( "s k9d1 & :5 x is mov$ & second$ t ?is be adopt$1 x may be discuss$ & det]m9$ z ! assembly see fit4 ,! m9ority ( a committee may make a sep>ate report if !y wi%4 #c4 ,treasur]'s report4 #d4 ,unf9i%$ bus9ess4 #e4 ,new bus9ess4 ,,ii4 ,,g5]al ,,rules ,,( ,,ord]4 ,,quorum--,,rules--,,decision4 #a4 ,9 bodies :i* h a fix$ numb] ( memb]s1 a c]ta9 proportion mo/ be pres5t to make ! transaction ( bus9ess valid4 ,! numb] may be fix$ by ! expression ( ! assembly1 or its g5]al cu/om4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( any o!r rule1 a majority is suffici5t4 ,! *airman %\ld n take 8 seat until he sees t a quorum is pres5t1 & if ! assembly is at any "t r$uc$ bel[ ?is numb]1 no?+ b adj\rnm5t is 9 ord]4 #b4 ,! assembly may make its own rules 9 :ole or 9 "p1 b :atev] x does n det]m9e1 %all be subject to ! common rules ( ord]4 ,any memb] has a "r to insi/ on ! en=cem5t ( ! rules1 b ?is duty belongs especially to ! *air4 #c4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( any special rule1 ! cons5t ( a majority ( ! memb]s vot+ is requisite to det]m9e any po9t4 ,a plurality1 :]e m ?an two issues are pres5t$1 is n suffici5t4 ,,(fic]s4 ,presid+ & record+ (fic]s are necess>y 9 e meet+1 & mu/ be *os5 by an absolute majority4 ,:5 ! assembly has f9ancial matt]s to manage1 a treasur] mu/ also be elect$4 ,,presid+ ,,(fic]4 ,?is (fic] is kn[n by v>i\s titles1 su* z *airman1 presid5t1 speak]1 mod]ator1 etc4 ,we w use ! fir/4 ,! *airman repres5ts ! assembly1 decl>es its w1 & obeys x implicitly4 ,he mu/ be treat$ ) great respect1 al?\gh 8 p[] is only a delegat$ "o1 & may be set aside by ! decl>$ w ( ! assembly4 ,8 pr9cipal duties are3 #a4 ,to beg9 ! session by tak+ ! *air & call+ ! memb]s to ord]4 #b4 ,to ann\nce bus9ess 9 its ord]4 #c4 ,to submit all motions & propositions4 #d4 ,to put all que/ions & ann\nce ! result4 #f4 ,to re/ra9 memb]s )9 rules ( ord]4 #f4 ,to receive all communications & ann\nce !m to ! assembly4 #g4 ,to sign public docum5ts4 #h4 ,to decide po9ts ( ord]1 subject to an appeal to ! assembly4 ,! *airman %\ld fully und]/& all ! rules ( bus9ess1 be k9d & c\rte\s to all1 b prompt & firm1 = on him1 m ?an any o!r1 ! ord] & h>mony ( e meet+ dep5ds4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( ! *airman1 ! vice-presid5t takes ! *air1 & :5 !re is no su* (fic]1 a tempor>y *airman mu/ be elect$4 ,! *airman may read :ile sitt+1 b %\ld rise to /ate a "q or take a vote4 ,,record+ ,,(fic]4 ,secret>y or cl]k is ! "n usually be/[$ on ?is (fic]4 ,we w employ ! fir/4 ,x is 8 duty to keep a true record ( all t is done 9 ! assembly4 ,spee*es & motions t d n prevail1 ne$ n be record$4 ,b x is sometimes cu/om>y1 :5 x is int5d$ to publi% ! proce$+s1 & no report] is pres5t1 = ! secret>y to make ! m9utes take ! =m ( a j\rnal4 #b4 ,! secret>y mu/ keep all pap]s t belong to ! society 9 safety2 read !m :5 ord]$2 call ! roll2 notify committees ( _! appo9tm5t & bus9ess2 & sign all ord]s & proce$+s ( ! assembly4 #c4 ,a tempor>y secret>y mu/ be elect$ dur+ ! abs5ce ( ! p]man5t "o1 unless !re is an assi/ant to take 8 place4 #d4 ,! secret>y %\ld always /& 9 read+1 or call+ ! roll4 ,,memb]s4 #a4 ,all memb]s are on a foot+ ( absolute equality1 & 9 e =m ( bus9ess ! same c\rtesy & att5tion %\ld be %[n to ea* "o by ! *air & by all o!r memb]s4 #b4 ,e memb] is expect$ to obs]ve /rict decorum 9 8 behavior4 ,/&+1 walk+ ab\t1 int]rupt+ speak]s1 hiss+1 :isp]+1 tak+ books or pap]s f ! speak]'s table1 are all brea*es ( decorum4 #c4 ,any memb] accus$ ( disord]ly behavior may1 :5 ! *>ge is /at$1 be he>d 9 8 own behalf1 & is !n requir$ to )draw1 until ! assembly decides z to 8 guilt & puni%m5t4 ,he may be reprim&$1 requir$ to apologize1 or expell$4 ,,motions4 #a4 ,bus9ess c only be introduc$ into an assembly by a motion4 ,p]sons1 n memb]s1 may make communications1 or s5d petitions ask+ = ! do+ ( c]ta9 ?+s2 b ^! mu/ be tak5 by "o ( ! memb]s1 & by him read or pres5t$ to ! assembly4 ,x is !n be=e ! body = consid]ation1 b no?+ c be done ) x until a motion is made by "s "o belong+ to ! assembly4 #b4 ,an assembly expresses its op9ion by a resolution1 comm&s by an ord]1 & det]m9es its own action by a vote4 ,a memb] :o wi%es to secure ei!r ( ^!1 draws x up 9 ! =m he desires x to be>1 & moves t ! assembly adopt :at he proposes4 ,he mu/ fir/ obta9 ! floor4 ,?is is done by ris+ & address+ ! *airman by 8 title4 ,if !re be no previ\s claimant1 ! *airman responds by m5tion+ ! speak]'s "n1 :5 he is at lib]ty to g on4 ,:5 he has made 8 motion1 ano!r memb] mu/ second x be=e ! assembly w receive x or pay any att5tion to x4 ,! *air or any memb] may insi/ on ! motion be+ writt51 unless x is "o ( ! k9d t h a c]ta9 =m1 su* z to adj\rn1 etc4 ,! motion :5 second$1 is to be /at$ by ! *air1 :5 x becomes ! prop]ty ( ! assembly1 & is ready = debate or su* o!r action z may be pref]r$4 ,sugge/ions & modifications ( ! motion may be made1 or x may be )drawn altoge!r1 be=e ?is2 b n aft]1 )\t leave ( ! assembly =mally express$4 ,no o!r motion1 ) "s exceptions to be h]eaft] expla9$1 c be ent]ta9$ until ! fir/ is dispos$ (4 ,:5 a motion is made ! assembly may d "o ( five ?+s ) x4 #a4 ,decide x 9 ! %ape x !n has4 #b4 ,suppress all consid]ation ( x or action on x4 #c4 ,po/pone x until a future "t4 #d4 ,ref] x to a committee to be put 9 a bett] =m4 #e4 ,am5d x !mselves be=e decid+ x4 ,we w consid] ^! diff]5t ways ( treat+ a "q 9 _! ord]4 #a4--;,,decision4 ,x is always to be tak5 = grant$ t ! assembly is will+ to decide a motion at once1 unless "s "o moves to adopt "o ( ! o!r c\rses4 ,x may be repeat$ fir/1 & :5 no "o rises1 ! *air asks if !y are ready = ! "q2 if no "o responds1 x is put to vote4 #b4--,,suppression4 #a4 ,sometimes ! assembly does n wi% to discuss a motion at all4 ,9 t case a memb] may move t x be indef9itely po/pon$4 ,if ?is is debat$1 ! matt] rema9s z x 0 be=e4 ,if x prevails1 ! matt] is end$1 & c only be br\ght up z a new "q4 #b4 ,! motion to lay a subject on ! table has ne>ly ! same effect4 ,if x prevails1 ! subject _c be tak5 up )\t a motion to t effect4 #c4 ,! fam\s 8previ\s "q0 has a totally diff]5t purpose 9 ?is c\ntry & ,engl&4 ,!re x is us$ to po/pone a "q4 ,its =m is1 8,%all ! ma9 "q n[ be put80 & x is mov$ by ^? :o wi% to obta9 a negative decision1 ! effect ( :i* is to remove ! "q f be=e ! h\se = t day1 & by usage = ! :ole session4 #d4 ,9 ?is c\ntry x is us$ to prev5t debate1 & is only mov$ by ^? :o wi% an affirmative decision4 ,:5 ?is is c>ri$ ! "q mu/ be vot$ ^u )\t fur!r rem>ks4 ,a majority ought to use ?is p[] ( /opp+ debate v sp>+ly1 & nev] )\t good reason4 #c4--,,po/ponem5t4 ,if ! assembly is n prep>$ to act ^u a "q1 or has m important bus9ess be=e x1 ! prop] c\rse is = "s "o to move t x be po/pon$ until a c]ta9 "t4 ,if no "t is fix$ ! "q is suppress$ altoge!r4 ,if ! assembly is dissolv$ be=e ! appo9t$ day1 ! effect is ! same4 #d4--;,,commitm5t4 ,if ! =m ( ! motion is crude1 x may be giv5 into ! h&s ( a committee to p]fect4 ,if x fir/ came f a committee1 x may be giv5 back to !m1 :i* is call$ a recommitm5t4 ,! :ole or a "p ( a subject may be committ$1 & ! assembly may1 by vote1 give su* in/ructions z x desires4 ,?is motion is sometimes made use ( = ! purpose ( procur+ fur!r in=mation4 #e4--;,,am5dm5t4 ,! assembly may alt]1 increase1 or dim9i% any proposition at its pleasure4 ,its nature is (t5 *ang$ entirely4 #a4 ,e complicat$ "q may be divid$ by a regul> vote4 ,?is is usually done1 if no objection is (f]$1 )\t a vote1 b x _c be requir$ by a s+le memb] z is sometimes /at$4 ,a motion to divide %\ld specify ! mann] ( division4 #b4 ,if blanks are left 9 resolutions1 ^! mu/ be fill$ by motion4 ,if ^! embrace figures1 & sev]al numb]s are propos$1 t :i* includes ! o!rs may be put to vote fir/4 ,b x is usually z well to put fir/ t :i* is mov$ fir/4 #c4 ,all motions to am5d1 except by division1 mu/ be to am5d by ins]t+ or add+1 or by /rik+ out1 or bo?4 #d4 ,an am5dm5t may be accept$ by ! mov] ( a resolution1 if no objection is made1 = !n g5]al cons5t is presum$2 b n o!rwise4 #e4 ,x is /rict p>liam5t>y law to beg9 ) ! beg9n+ ( a proposition1 & aft] ! latt] "p is am5d$1 n to return to a =m] "p2 b ?is is seldom insi/$ on 9 common societies4 #f4 ,e am5dm5t is susceptible ( am5dm5t1 b ?is c g no fur!r4 ,b ! second am5dm5t may be defeat$1 & !n a new "o made to ! pr9cipal am5dm5t4 #g4 ,:atev] is agre$ to1 or disagre$ to by ! acceptance or rejection ( an am5dm5t _c aga9 be *ang$4 #h4 ,:at is /ruck out _c be ins]t$ by ano!r am5dm5t1 unless ) su* additions z to make x a new "q4 ,nei!r c :at is reta9$ be *ang$4 #i4 ,be=e putt+ ! "q on an am5dm5t1 ! passage %\ld be read z x 02 !n ! am5dm5t2 la/ly ! passage z am5d$4 #aj4 ,a p>agraph t is ins]t$ by vote ,_c be *ang$1 b x may be am5d$ be=e ! "q is put4 #aa4 ,:5 ! am5dm5t is bo? to /rike out & ins]t1 ^! two may be divid$ by vote or g5]al cons5t1 & !n ! "q is tak5 fir/ on /rik+ out4 ,,pref]r$ ,,motions4 ,:5 a motion is be=e ! assembly1 x mu/ be dispos$ ( be=e any?+ else c be br\ght =w>d1 ) ! exception ( ?ree classes ( que/ions4 ,^! are privileg$1 incid5tal1 & subsidi>y que/ions4 #a4--,,privileg$ ,,que/ions4 #a4 ,! motion to adj\rn takes prec$5ce ( e o!r1 except :5 x has be5 mov$ & defeat$1 :5 x %all n be mov$ aga9 until some?+ else has be5 done4 ,x _c be mov$ :ile a memb] is speak+1 or a vote be+ tak54 ,b to be entitl$ to su* prec$5ce1 x mu/ be a simple motion to adj\rn1 )\t "q ( "t or place4 ,if ^! are add$1 x mu/ take its regul> turn4 ,an adj\rnm5t )\t any "t be+ fix$1 is equival5t to a dissolution1 unless ?is has be5 provid$ = by cu/om or especial rule4 ,at adj\rnm5t e p5d+ "q is tak5 f be=e ! assembly1 & c only be br\ght up aga9 9 ! regul> way4 #b4 ,any "q affect+ ! rights & privileges ( memb]s1 z 9 qu>rel+1 ! intrusion ( /rang]s1 etc41 comes next 9 ord] to adj\rnm5t1 & displaces ev]y?+ else4 #c4 ,if ! assembly fix on an ord] ( bus9ess = a c]ta9 "t1 :5 t "t arrives1 a motion to take up ?is ord] has prec$5ce ( all que/ions1 b ! two prec$+4 #b4--;,,incid5tal ,,que/ions4 ,incid5tal que/ions are ^? t gr[ out ( o!r que/ions1 & mu/ be decid$ be=e !m4 #a4 ,que/ions ( ord]4 ,if !re is a brea* ( rules x is ! duty ( ! *air to en=ce !m1 & any memb] to call = _! en=cem5t4 ,?is %\ld be done at once4 ,:5 !re is a d\bt z to :at con/itutes a brea* ( ! rules1 x is fir/ decid$ by ! *air1 subject to an appeal to ! assembly1 :i* may be put 9 ?is =m1 8,%all ! decision ( ! *air /& z ! decision ( ! assembly80 ,on ?is ! *air may debate z well z o!rs1 b ! vote is f9al4 #b4 ,:5 pap]s are laid on ! secret>y's table = ! in=mation ( ! assembly1 any memb] may dem& to h !m read2 b o!r pap]s c only be read aft] a regul> motion is c>ri$ to t effect4 #c4 ,aft] a motion is /at$ by ! *air1 p]mission may be giv5 to )draw x by a regul> vote4 #d4 ,a rule t int]f]es ) ! transaction ( any bus9ess may be susp5d$ by a unanim\s vote1 or 9 accordance ) ! provisions ( a special rule :i* po9ts out ! majority requisite1 su* z two-?irds1 ?ree-f\r?s1 etc4 #c4--,,subsidi>y ,,que/ions4 ,^! relate to ! pr9cipal "q z second>y planets d to _! prim>ies4 ,!y are ( diff]5t degrees among !mselves1 & ) a few exceptions are n appli$ to "o ano!r4 #a4 8,lie on ! table40 ,?is takes prec$5ce ( all ! subsidi>y motions4 ,if c>ri$1 x takes ! pr9cipal "q & all t belongs to x f ! consid]ation ( ! assembly1 & !y c only be br\ght up by a new motion4 ,if decid$ 9 ! negative1 ?is "q1 l all ! o!rs ( ! same class1 except ! previ\s "q1 has no effect :atev]4 #b4 8,previ\s "q40 ,?is motion c only be sup]s$$ by t to lay on ! table4 ,if lo/1 ! "q is n be=e ! h\se = ! rema9d] ( t day4 #c4 ,a motion to po/pone may be am5d$ by fix+ ! "t or *ang+ x4 ,if sev]al days are m5tion$1 ! longe/ "t %\ld be put fir/4 #d4 ,a motion to commit takes prec$5ce ( a motion to am5d1 b /&s 9 ! same rank ) ! o!rs1 except to lay on ! table1 & _c be sup]s$$ by !m1 if mov$ fir/4 #e4 ,a motion to am5d may be am5d$4 ,x is n sup]s$$ by ! previ\s "q1 or a motion = indef9ite po/ponem5t1 b is by a motion to po/pone till a "t c]ta91 or to commit4 ,x is v important t ! ord] ( ^! second>y que/ions be c>efully obs]v$1 z !re may be _m ( !m p5d+ at once4 ,,debate4 ,debate 9 a society organiz$ = ! purpose ( discussion1 & 9 a delib]ative body are q diff]5t4 ,9 ! =m] reply is expect$1 & may be b&i$ back & =? sev]al times4 ,9 ! latt] ! object is suppos$ to be giv+ in=mation1 & ea* memb] is limit$ to "o spee*1 unless special p]mission is receiv$ to speak aga94 ,! *air mu/ n take "p 9 debates4 #a4 ,:5 a memb] wi%es to speak1 he obta9s ! floor 9 ! same mann] z if to (f] a motion4 ,! mov] ( a resolution is usually all[$ ! floor fir/1 b ?is is a matt] ( c\rtesy r ?an "r4 #b4 ,:5 a speak] gives up ! floor = any purpose1 he loses 8 "r to x1 ?\gh z a favor he is (t5 all[$ to cont9ue 8 spee*4 #c4 ,no names are to be us$ 9 debate1 b :5 x becomes necess>y to designate an individual1 "s description may be us$1 z1 ! g5tleman on ! "r1 etc4 #d4 ,e memb] mu/ /&1 :5 speak+1 unless sick or disabl$4 #e4 ,motions to adj\rn1 to lay on ! table1 = ! previ\s "q1 or ! ord] ( ! day _c be debat$4 #f4 ,no memb] %all use abusive language aga9/ any ( ! acts ( ! assembly1 or indulge 9 p]sonal d5unciations ( o!r memb]s4 ,wrong motives mu/ n be attribut$ to any "o4 ,if a speak] digresses widely f ! subject1 & appe>s to misund]/& its nature1 he may be call$ to ord]4 #g4 ,a memb] :o is decid$ to be out ( ord] loses 8 "r to ! floor1 b ?is is seldom insi/$ on4 #h4 ,a memb] _c speak m ?an once on ! same "q )\t special p]mission1 :i* mu/ n be giv5 until all h spok52 b he may speak on am5dm5ts1 & on ! same subject1 :5 x is return$ f a committee4 #aj4 ,a memb] :o has be5 misrepres5t$ has ! "r to expla91 b n to int]rupt any "o :o is speak+ = t purpose4 #aa4 ,debate may be /opp$ by ! previ\s "q2 by det]m9+ 9 advance t at a c]ta9 "t1 ! "q %all be decid$2 or by adopt+ a rule limit+ ea* memb] to s _m m9utes4 ,9 ! latt] case1 ! *air ann\nces ! expiration ( ! "t1 & ! memb] takes 8 seat4 #ab4 ,e memb] %\ld be li/5$ to ) respect1 & no attempt made to int]rupt him1 unless he transgress ! b\nds ( ord]4 ,call+ = ! "q1 hiss+1 c\gh+1 etc41 %\ld be re/ra9$ by ! *air if possible4 ,! speak] may le>n f ^! ?+s t ! assembly does n wi% to he> him1 b he is n b\nd to he$ !m4 ,if necess>y1 ! *air w "n ! ob/9ate (f5d]s = puni%m5t1 :o may be he>d 9 _! own def5ce1 b mu/ !n )draw :ile ! assembly det]m9es :at puni%m5t %\ld be inflict$4 ,b if all means ( pres]v+ ord] fail1 & ! *airman's repeat$ calls are unnotic$1 he is n responsible = ?is disord]1 al?\gh x w\ld be bett] !n to resign an (fice t he c no long] make respect$1 unless s b\nd by public duty t he _c take ?is c\rse4 #ac4 ,if a memb] 9 speak+ makes use ( disord]ly words1 notice %\ld be tak5 at once4 ,! words us$1 if ! (f5ce is s]i\s1 %\ld be r$uc$ to writ+ :ile fre% 9 ! memory ( all4 ,if necess>y1 ! assembly may det]m9e :at words 7 us$1 :e!r !y 7 (f5sive or n1 & at its pleasure require an apology1 c5sure1 or expel ! (f5d]4 ,if o!r bus9ess is done be=e att5tion is call$ to ! disord]ly words1 !y _c aga9 be tak5 up4 ,,putt+ ,,! ,,"q4 ,:5 discussion & all prelim9>y matt]s are f9i%$1 ! next /ep is to asc]ta9 ! w ( ! assembly4 ,!re are six ways ( do+ ?is4 ,we w put fir/ ^? t are mo/ us$3 #a4 ,! *air asks1 8,are y ready = ! "q80 ,no objection be+ made1 he fir/ puts ! affirmative1 ask+ ^? :o favor ! motion to say1 8,aye20 ^? :o are oppos$1 8,no40 ,he judges f ! volume ( s\nd1 & decl>es :i* he believes has ! majority4 ,if any "o d\bts ?is1 he may require ! vote to be tak5 9 a m exact way4 #b4 ,9 place ( say+ 8aye10 ! affirmative may be ask$ to hold up _! h&s2 !n :5 ^! are d[n ! same is ask$ ( ! negative4 ,! det]m9ation 9 ?is case is ! same z 9 ! =m] case4 #c4 ,! affirmative may be requir$ to rise to _! feet & be c\nt$2 & :5 seat$ ! negative w rise4 ,^! w also be c\nt$1 & ?is is ! mode mo/ commonly resort$ to1 :5 ! result z decl>$ by ! *air1 f ! =m] me?ods1 is d\bt$4 #d4 ,9 ?is ! affirmative & negative may /& up at once1 b 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! h\se1 & be c\nt$4 ,?is is a real 8division40 #e4 ,! me?od by ballot may be employ$2 ea* man writ+ 8 wi% on a ticket4 ,^! are collect$ & c\nt$4 ,?is mode is (t5 employ$ 9 ! election ( (fic]s1 b seldom 9 ! det]m9ation ( simple que/ions4 #f4 ,! roll may be call$ by ! secret>y1 & ea* man 9 8 place answ]1 8,aye10 or 8,no40 ,^! are m>k$ by ! secret>y1 & o!rs :o keep tally1 & ! result ann\nc$4 ,sometimes ! names are ent]$ on ! j\rnals1 9 two li/s ( 8,aye0 & 8,no40 ,! ^w 8,yea10 is (t5 us$ 9 place ( 8,aye40 ,! *air has a ca/+ vote 9 case ( equal division4 ,a memb] :o vot$ ) ! affirmative may move ! reconsid]ation ( any "q1 & if 8 motion is c>ri$1 ! :ole matt] is op5$ up z x 0 at fir/1 & may be discuss$ z be=e4 ,,committees4 ,! use ( a committee is to give a subject m c>eful consid]ation ?an x c\ld receive 9 a full assembly4 ,!y are ( ?ree k9ds4 ,f _! great importance !y are said to be ! eyes & e>s ( ! assembly4 #a4 ,/&+ committees are ^? t are appo9t$ to take *>ge ( all subjects ( a c]ta9 "* dur+ a session1 or o!r specifi$ "t4 #b4 ,select committees are appo9t$ to take *>ge ( "s "o ?+1 & :5 t is f9i%$ !y are dissolv$1 al?\gh !y may be reviv$ aga9 by a vote ( ! assembly4 ,9 appo9t+ a committee1 ! fir/ ?+ is to fix on a numb]3 if sev]al are nam$1 ! l>ge/ %\ld be put fir/4 ,! committees may be *os5 by ballot2 appo9t$ by ! *air2 or elect$ by nom9ation & vote4 ,! latt] is ! regul> mode :5 !re is no special rule1 b ! second is mo/ frequ5tly practis$4 ,sometimes a committee is appo9t$ to nom9ate all o!r committees1 b ?is is n usually ! case4 ,! mov] & second] ( a resolution %\ld h place on a committee appo9t$ to consid] x1 &1 z a g5]al rule1 none b ^? :o are fri5dly to ! object to be accompli%$ %\ld be appo9t$4 ,^? oppos$ c make _! opposition :5 x is return$ to ! assembly4 ,x is ! duty ( ! secret>y ( ! assembly to make out a li/ ( ! memb]s ( a committee1 & h& to ! p]son fir/ nam$ on x1 :o is its *airman1 unless ! committee %all *oose to elect ano!r4 ,! assembly c fix ! times & places ( ! meet+ ( a committee2 if ?is is n done1 x c *oose = itself1 b _c sit :ile ! assembly is 9 session )\t a special ord]4 ,9 all =ms ( proc$ure ! committee is gov]n$ by ! same rules z ! assembly1 b a little less /rictness is obs]v$ 9 _! en=cem5t4 ,disord]ly conduct 9 a committee c only be not$ d[n & report$ to ! assembly4 ,:5 any pap] has be5 ref]r$ to a committee1 x mu/ be return$ z x 01 ) propos$ am5dm5ts writt5 sep>ately4 ,!y _c reject any matt]1 b c return x to ! assembly )\t *ange1 /at+ _! reasons = tak+ no action4 ,:5 a committee is prep>$ to report1 its *airman ann\nces ! fact1 & he1 or an o!r memb]1 may make a motion t ! report be receiv$ at t1 or "s o!r specifi$ "t4 ,if no?+ is said1 x is assum$ t ! assembly is ready to receive x imm$iately4 ,at ! "t fix$1 ! *airman reads ! report1 & passes x1 ) all ! pap]s belong+ to x1 to ! secret>y's table1 :]e x awaits ! action ( ! assembly4 ,any report f a committee may be treat$ by am5dm5t1 etc41 j z if x orig9at$ 9 ! assembly4 ,! f9al "q is on ! adoption ( ! report2 if ?is is agre$ to1 x /&s z ! action ( ! :ole assembly4 #c4 ,! ?ird =m ( committee is ! 8committee ( ! :ole40 ,x embraces ! entire assembly4 ,:5 ! assembly wi%es to g into committee1 a motion to t effect is made1 second$1 & put2 if c>ri$1 ! *airman nom9ates a p]son z *airman ( ! committee1 :o takes 8 seat at ! secret>y's table4 ,! *airman ( ! assembly mu/ rema9 at h& 9 read9ess to resume 8 seat :5 ! committee %all rise4 ,! secret>y does n record ! proce$+s ( ! committee1 b only _! report4 ,a special secret>y mu/ be appo9t$ = _! use4 ,! foll[+ are ! ma9 po9ts ( diff]5ce betwe5 ! 8committee ( ! :ole0 & ! assembly3 #a4 ,! previ\s "q _c be mov$1 b ! committee may rise & ?us /op debate4 #b4 ,! committee _c adj\rn2 x may rise1 report progress1 & ask leave to sit aga94 #c4 ,9 committee a memb] may speak z (t5 z he c get ! floor2 9 ! assembly1 b once4 #d4 ,! committee _c ref] a matt] to ano!r committee4 #e4 ,! *airman ( ! assembly c take "p 9 committee proce$+s4 #f4 ,! committee has no p[] to puni% its memb]s1 b c report !m4 ,:5 ! committee is prep>$ to close1 a motion is made & second$ t x rise2 if c>ri$1 ! *airman leaves 8 seat1 ! *airman ( ! assembly takes 8 usual place1 & ! committee report is giv5 9 ! same =m z f a special committee4 99 99 99 99 99 ,?is brief synopsis has be5 compil$ f v>i\s s\rces4 ,! excell5t manuals ( ,cu%+ & ,mat?ias h be5 especially consult$4 ,x is believ$ to embrace all t is ess5tial = conduct+ bus9ess 9 ord9>y assemblies4 ,! man :o ma/]s ^! simple rules1 :i* may be done 9 a few h\rs1 is prep>$ to assi/ 9 ! p]=mance ( any public bus9ess1 & if call$ ^u to act z *airman1 z any "o may be1 he w be free f emb>rassm5t4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,s5t ,prepaid by ,po/ at ,prices ,annex$4 ,a ,,li/ ,,( ,,works ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,samuel ,r4 ,,wells1 ,no4 #chi ,,broadway1 ,,new ,,york4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,/&>d ,,works ,,on ,,phr5ology4 ,am]ican ,phr5ological ,j\rnal & ,life ,illu/rat$4--,devot$ to ,e?nology4 ,physiology1 ,phr5ology1 ,physiognomy1 ,psy*ology1 ,sociology1 ,biography1 ,education1 ,art1 ,lit]ature1 ) ,measures to ,re=m1 ,elevate & ,improve ,mank9d ,physically1 ,m5tally & ,spiritually4 ,edit$ by ,s4 ,r4 ,,wells4 ,publi%$ mon?ly1 9 qu>to =m1 at #c a ye>1 or #cj c5ts a numb]4 ,x may be t]m$ ! /&>d au?ority 9 all matt]s p]ta9+ to ,phr5ology & ! ,sci5ce ( ,man4 ,x is beautifully illu/rat$4 ,see ,prospectus4 ,con/itution ( ,man2 ,consid]$ 9 ,relation to ,ext]nal ,objects4 ,by ,,george ,,combe4 ,! only au?oriz$ ,am]ican ,edition4 ,) ,tw5ty ,engrav+s1 & a ,portrait ( ! ,au?or4 #abmo4 #dcf pp4 ,musl94 ,price1 #a #ge4 ,! 8,con/itution ( ,man0 is a "w ) :i* e tea*] & e pupil %\ld be acqua9t$4 ,x conta9s a p]fect m9e ( s\nd wisdom & enlight5$ philosophy2 & a fai?ful /udy ( its invaluable lessons w\ld save _m a promis+ y\? f a premature grave4--,j\rnal ( ,education1 ,albany1 ,n4 ,y4 ,def5ce ( ,phr5ology2 ,conta9+ an ,essay on ! ,nature & ,value ( ,phr5ological ,evid5ce3 ,a ,v9dication ( ,phr5ology aga9/ ! ,attack ( its oppon5ts1 & a ,view ( ! ,facts reli$ on by ,phr5ologi/s z pro( t ! ,c]ebellum is ! seat ( ! reproductive in/9ct4 ,by ,,&rew ,,bo>dman1 ,m4 ,d4 #abmo1 #bbb pp4 ,musl94 ,price1 #a #ej4 ,^! ,essays are a refutation ( attacks on ,phr5ology1 includ+ 8,select ,disc\rses on ! ,functions ( ! ,n]v\s ,sy/em1 9 ,opposition to ,phr5ology1 ,mat]ialism & ,a!ism40 ,"o ( ! be/ def5ces ( ,phr5ology ev] writt54 ,education3 ,its ,elem5t>y ,pr9ciples f\nd$ on ! ,nature ( ,man4 ,by ,j4 ,g4 ,,spurzheim1 ,m4 ,d4 ,) an ,app5dix by ,s4 ,r4 ,,wells1 conta9+ a ,description ( ! ,tem cram5ts1 & a ,brief ,analysis ( ! ,phr5ological ,faculties4 ,twelf? ,am]ican ,edition #a vol4 #abmo4 #ccd pp4 ,illu/rat$4 ,price1 #a #ej4 ,x is full ( s\nd doctr9e & practical wisdom4 ,e page is pregnant ) in/ruction ( solemn import2 & we w\ld t x 7 ! text-book1 ! great & sov]eign guide1 ( e male & female 9 ! c\ntry ) :om re/s ! responsibility ( re>+ or educat+ a *ild4--,bo/on ,m$ical & ,surgical ,j\rnal4 ,education & ,self-,improvem5t ,complete2 ,compris+ 8,physiology--,animal & ,m5tal0--8,self-,culture & ,p]fection ( ,"*10 8,memory & ,intellectual ,improvem5t40 ,"o l>ge vol4 ,illus4 ,musl91 #d4 ,?is book comprises ! :ole ( ,mr4 ,f[l]'s s]ies ( popul> works on ! application ( ,phr5ology to 8,education & ,self-,improvem5t40 ,lectures on ,phr5ology4--,by ,,george ,,combe4 ,) ,notes4 ,an ,essay on ! ,phr5ological ,mode ( ,inve/igation1 & an ,hi/orical ,sket*4 ,by ,,&rew ,,bo>dman1 ,m4 ,d4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #cia pages4 ,musl91 #a #ge4 ,^! are ! report$ lectures on ,phr5ology deliv]$ by ,george ,combe 9 ,am]ica 9 #ahci1 & h be5 approv$ z to _! ess5tial correctness by ! au?or4 ,! "w includes ! application ( ,phr5ology to ! pres5t & prospective condition ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & con/itutes a c\rse ( ,phr5ological in/ruction4 ,matrimony2 ,or1 ,phr5ology & ,physiology appli$ to ! ,selection ( ,cong5ial ,companions = ,life1 includ+ ,directions to ! ,m>ri$ = liv+ toge!r ,affectionately & ,happily4 ,?irty-,f\r? ,edition4 ,price1 #ej c5ts4 ,a sci5tific expositor ( ! laws ( man's social & matrimonial con/itution3 expos+ ! evils ( _! violation1 %[+ :at organizations & phr5ological developm5ts naturally assimilate & h>monize4 ,memory & ,intellectual ,improvem5t1 appli$ to ,self-,educational & ,juv5ile ,in/ruction4 ,tw5ty-,fif? ,edition4 #abmo4 ,musl91 #a #ej4 ,?is is ! ?ird & la/ ( ,mr4 ,f[l]'s s]ies ( popul> works on ! application ( ,phr5ology to 8,education & ,self-,improvem5t40 ,?is volume is devot$ to ! education & developm5t ( ! ,intellect2 h[ to cultivate ! ,memory2 ! education ( ! "y2 & embodies directions z to h[ we may educate ,,ourselves4 ,m5tal ,sci5ce4 ,lectures on1 accord+ to ! ,philosophy ( ,phr5ology4 ,deliv]$ be=e ! ,an?ropological ,society ( ! ,we/]n ,lib]al ,in/itute ( ,m>ietta1 ,ohio4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,s4 ,,weav]4 #abmo1 #bce pp4 ,illu/rat$1 #a #ej4 ,?is is a mo/ valuable acquisition to phr5ological lit]ature4 ,x is in/ructive & b5eficial1 & %\ld be made accessible to all y\?4 ,its philosophy is ! precept ( ! human s\l's wisdom4 ,its morality is ob$i5ce to all div9e law1 writt5 or unwritt54 ,its religion is ! _s-utt]+s ( dev\t & fai?ful love4 ,x aims at & contemplates humanity's good--! union ( ! human ) ! div9e4 ,phr5ology ,prov$1 ,illu/rat$ & ,appli$2 ,embrac+ an analysis ( ! ,prim>y ,m5tal ,p[]s 9 _! ,v>i\s ,degrees ( ,developm5t1 & location ( ! ,phr5ological ,organs4 ,pres5t+ "s new & important rem>ks on ! ,temp]am5ts1 describ+ ! ,organs 9 ,sev5 ,diff]5t ,degrees ( ,developm5t3 ! m5tal ph5om5a produc$ by _! comb9$ action1 & ! location ( ! faculties1 amply illu/rat$4 ,by ! ,bro!rs ,,f[l]4 ,sixty-,second ,edition4 ,enl>g$ & ,improv$4 #abmo1 #dib pp4 ,musl91 #a #ge4 ,self-,culture & ,p]fection ( ,"*2 ,includ+ ! ,managem5t ( ,*ildr5 & ,y\?4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #cab pp4 ,musl91 #a #ge4 ,?is is ! second "w 9 ! s]ies ( ,mr4 ,f[l]'s 8,education & ,self-,improvem5t ,complete40 8,self-made or nev] made10 is ! motto ( ! "w :i* is devot$ to moral improvem5t1 or ! prop] cultivation & regulation ( ! affections & moral s5tim5ts4 ,self-,in/ructor 9 ,phr5ology & ,physiology4 ,new ,illu/rat$4 ,) ov] ,"o ,hundr$ ,engrav+s1 toge!r ) a ,*>t = ! ,record+ ( ,phr5ological ,developm5ts1 = ! use ( ,phr5ologi/s4 ,by ! ,bro!rs ,,f[l]4 ,musl91 #ge c5ts2 ,pap]1 #ej c5ts4 ,?is is int5d$ z a text-book1 & is especially adapt$ to phr5ological exam9]s1 to be us$ z a *>t1 & = le>n]s1 9 connection ) ! 8,phr5ological ,bu/40 ,moral ,philosophy4 ,by ,,george ,,combe4 ,or1 ! ,duties ( ,man consid]$ 9 8 ,individual1 ,dome/ic & ,social ,capacities4 ,repr9t$ f ! ,ed9burgh ,edition4 ,) ! ,au?or's late/ corrections4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #hhd pp4 ,musl91 #a #ge4 ,?is "w appe>s 9 ! =m ( ,lectures deliv]$ by ! ,au?or to an association =m$ by ! indu/ri\s classes ( ,ed9burgh2 !y creat$ at ! "t consid]able excitem5t4 ,! c\rse consi/$ ( tw5ty consecutive lectures on ,moral ,philosophy1 & are invaluable to /ud5ts ( ,phr5ology1 ,lectur]s on ,morality & ! ,natural ,laws ( ,man4 ,address1 ,,samuel ,r4 ,,wells1 ,no4 #chi ,broadway1 ,new ,york4 ,,miscellane\s ,,works ,,on ,,phr5ology4 ,annuals ( ,phr5ology & ,physiognomy4--,by ,s4 ,r4 ,,wells1 ,editor ( ! ,phr5ological ,j\rnal4 ,"o small ye>ly #abmo volume4 ,= #ahfe1 #8#ff1 #8#fg & #8#fh4 ,! f\r1 conta9+ ov] #bjj illu/rations1 = #fj cts4 ,= #ahfg1 "o small #abmo vol41 #eh pp4 ,conta9+ _m portraits & biographies ( di/+ui%$ p]sonages1 toge!r ) articles on 8,h[ to ,/udy ,phr5ology10 8,ba%fulness1 ,diffid5ce1 ,/amm]+10 etc41 #bj c5ts4 ,= #ahfh1 #abmo1 #gj pp4 ,conta9+ an elaborate article on 8,! ,m>riage ( ,c\s9s10 etc41 etc41 #be c5ts4 ,*>ts = ,record+ ! ,v>i\s ,phr5ological ,developm5ts4--,design$ = ,phr5ologi/s4 ,by ! ,bro!rs ,,f[l]4 ,price1 only #aj c5ts4 ,*>t ( ,physiognomy ,illu/rat$4--,design$ = ,fram+1 & = ,lectur]s4 ,by ,s4 ,r4 ,,wells1 ,au?or ( ,new ,physiognomy4 ,9 map ,=m4 ,pr9t$ on f9e pap]4 ,a good ?+ = le>n]s4 ,price1 #he c5ts4 ,dome/ic ,life1 ,?\ghts ,on2 ,or1 ,m>riage ,v9dicat$ & ,free ,love ,expos$4 ,by ,,nelson ,,siz]4 #abmo1 #gb pp4 ,pap]1 #be c5ts4 ,?is is a "w consi/+ ( ?ree valuable lectures1 "p ( an ext5d$ c\rse deliv]$ 9 ! city ( ,wa%+ton4 ,! favor ) :i* !y 7 receiv$1 & ! num]\s reque/s = _! publication1 result$ 9 ! pres5t "w4 ,phr5ology & ! ,scriptures4--,%[+ ! ,h>mony exi/+ betwe5 ,phr5ology & ! ,bible4 ,by ,rev4 ,,john ,,pi]pont4 ,price #be c5ts4 8,a full explanation ( _m passages ( ,scripture40--,new ,york ,mirror4 ,phr5ological ,guide4--,design$ = ,/ud5ts ( _! own ,"*4 ,tw5ty-,fif? ,edition4 ,illu/rat$4 #abmo1 #ed pp4 ,pap]1 #be c5ts4 ,phr5ological ,specim5s2 ,= ,societies & ,private ,cab9ets4 ,= ,lectur]s2 includ+ ,ca/s ( ! ,heads ( mo/ rem>kable m5 ( hi/ory4 ,see our ,descriptive ,catalogue4 ,=ty ca/s1 n mailable1 #ce4 ,phr5ological ,bu/4--,%[+ ! late/ classification1 & exact location ( ! ,organs ( ! ,bra91 fully develop$1 design$ = ,le>n]s4 ,9 ?is ,bu/1 all ! newly-discov]$ ,organs are giv54 ,x is divid$ s z to %[ ea* individual ,organ on "o side2 & all ! gr\ps--,social1 ,executive1 ,intellectual1 & moral--prop]ty classifi$1 on ! o!r side4 ,x is n[ ext5sively us$ 9 ,engl&1 ,scotl& & ,irel&1 & on ! ,cont95t ( ,europe1 & is almo/ ! only "o 9 use "h4 ,!re are two sizes--! l>ge/ ne> ! size ( life--is sold ,9 ,box1 at #a #ge4 ,! small]1 :i* is n m ?an six in*es high1 & may be c>ri$ 9 ! pocket1 is only #ge c5ts4 ,n mailable4 ,phr5ology at ,home4--,h[ c ,i le>n ,phr5ology8 ,:at books are be/ = me to read8 ,is x possible to acquire a k ( x )\t a tea*]8 ,^! are que/ions put to u daily2 & we may say 9 reply1 t we h arrang$ a s]ies ( ! be/ works1 ) a ,bu/1 %[+ ! exact location ( all ! ,phr5ological ,organs1 ) su* ,illu/rations & ,def9itions z to make ! /udy simple & pla9 )\t ! aid ( a tea*]4 ,! co/ = ?is 8,/ud5t's ,set10 :i* embraces all t is requisite1 is only #aj4 ,x may be s5t by express1 or z freight1 safely box$--n by mail--to any "p ( ! _w4 8,mirror ( ! ,m9d20 ,or1 ,y\r ,"* f y\r ,lik5ess4 ,= p>ticul>s h[ to h pictures tak51 inclose a prepaid envelope1 direct$ to y\rself1 = answ]4 ,address1 ,,samuel ,r4 ,,wells1 ,no4 #chi ,broadway1 ,new ,york4 ,,/&>d ,,"w ,,on ,,physiognomy4 ,new ,physiognomy2 ,or1 ,signs ( ,"*1 z manife/$ ?r\gh ,temp]am5t & ,ext]nal ,=ms1 & especially 9 ! 8,human ,face ,div9e40 ,) m ?an ,"o ,?\s& ,illu/rations4 ,by ,s4 ,r4 ,,wells4 ,9 ?ree /yles ( b9d+4 ,price1 9 "o #abmo volume1 #gjh pp41 h&somely b\nd 9 musl91 #e2 9 heavy calf1 m>bl$ edges1 #h2 ,turkey morocco1 full gilt1 #aj4 ,?is "w sy/ematizes & %[s ! sci5tific basis on :i* ea* claim re/s4 ,! 8,signs ( ,"*0 are m9utely elucidat$1 & s pla9ly /at$ z to r5d] !m available4 ,! scope ( ! "w is v broad1 & ! treatm5t ( ! subject ?or\gh1 &1 s f> z possible1 exhau/ive4 ,among ! topics discuss$ are--8,g5]al ,pr9ciples ( ,physiognomy20 8! ,temp]am5ts20 8,g5]al ,=ms0 z ,indicative ( ,"*2 8,signs ( ,"* 9 ! ,features0--! ,*91 ! ,lips1 ! ,nose1 ! ,eyes1 ! ,*eeks1 ! ,e>s1 ! ,neck1 etc42 8,! ,h&s & ,feet20 8,signs ( ,"* 9 ,action10--! ,walk1 ! ,voice1 ! ,laugh1 ,%ak+ ,h&s1 ! ,/yle ( ,dress1 etc42 8,insanity20 8,idiocy20 8,effects ( ,climate20 8,e?nology20 8,national ,types20 8,physiognomy ( ,classes10 ) gr\p$ portraits1 includ+ ,div9es1 ,orators1 ,/atesm51 ,w>riors1 ,arti/s1 ,poets1 ,philosoph]s1 ,inv5tors1 ,pugili/s1 ,surgeons1 ,discov]]s1 ,actors1 ,musicians2 8,transmitt$ ,physiognomies20 8,love ,signs20 8,grades ( ,intellig5ce20 8,comp>ative ,physiognomy20 8,p]sonal ,improvem5t2 or1 ,h[ to be ,beautiful20 8,h&writ+20 8,/udies f ,lavat]20 8,physiognomy ,appli$20 8,physiognomical ,anecdotes10 etc4 ,x is an ,encyclopdia ( biography1 acqua9t+ ! read] ) ! c>e] & "*1 9 brief1 ( _m great m5 & wom5 ( ! pa/ "o ?\s& ye>s1 & ( ! pres5t--su*1 = in/ance1 z ,ari/otle1 ,julius ,cs>1 ,%akspe>e1 ,wa%+ton1 ,napoleon1 ,frankl91 ,bancr(t1 ,bryant1 ,longfell[1 ,b>nes1 ,irv+1 ,rosa ,bonheur1 ,!odosia ,burr1 ,cobd51 ,bright1 ,lawr5ce1 ,:ately1 ,?ack]ay1 ,knox1 ,ri*elieu1 ,dick5s1 ,victoria1 ,wesley1 ,c>lyle1 ,motley1 ,mill1 ,sp5c]1 ,?ompson1 ,alex&]1 etc4 ,app>atus = ,phr5ological ,lectures4 ,phr5ological ,specim5s1 = ! use ( ,lectur]s1 ,societies1 or = ,private ,cab9ets4 ,=ty ,ca/s1 n mailable4 ,may be s5t z freight4 ,price1 #ce ,^! specim5s 7 ca/ f liv+ heads1 & f skulls4 ,!y af=d z excell5t contra/1 %[+ ! organs ( ! bra91 bo? l>ge & small4 ,lectur]s may "h obta9 a collection :i* af=ds ! necess>y means ( illu/ration & comp>ison4 ,?is select cab9et is compos$1 9 "p1 ( ! foll[+3 ,john ,qu9cy ,adams1 ,a>on ,b>r1 ,george ,combe1 ,elihu ,burritt1 ,col4 ,?omas ,h4 ,b5ton1 ,black ,hawk1 ,h5ry ,clay1 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,dodd1 ,?omas ,addis ,emmet1 ,cl>a ,fi%]1 ,dr4 ,gall1 ,rev4 ,sylve/] ,graham1 ,m4 ,d41 ,gosse1 ,gottfri$1 ,h>rawaukay1 ,joseph ,c4 ,neal1 ,napoleon ,bonap>te1 ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 ,voltaire1 ,hon4 ,silas ,wright1 ,wat]-,bra91 ,idiot1 etc4 ,masks ( ,brunell1 ,b5jam9 ,frankl91 ,haydn1 etc4 ,,ca/s ,,f ,,! ,,skulls ( ,k+ ,rob]t ,bruce1 ,patty ,cannon1 ,c>ib1 ,t>dy1 ,diana ,wat]s4 ,a ,ca/ f ! ,human ,bra94 ,a ,human ,head1 divid$1 %[+ ! nak$ ,bra9 on "o side1 & ! ,skull on ! o!r1 & ! ,phr5ological ,bu/4 ,! entire li/1 numb]+ ,=ty ( our be/ phr5ological specim5s1 may be pack$ & s5t z freight by railroad1 %ip1 or /age1 to any place desir$1 ) p]fect safety4 ,human ,skulls1 f #e to #aj1 or #ae4 ,articulat$1 #be to #hj4 ,human ,skeletons1 f #ce to #ge4 ,fr5* ,manik9s1 to ord]4 ,sets ( ,=ty ,india ,ink ,draw+s1 ( not$ ,*>act]s1 suitable = ,lectur]s4 ,price1 #cj4 ,on ,canvass1 9 sets1 #dj4 ,oil ,pa9t+s--,portraits1--c be _h to ord]1 f #e ea*1 upw>ds4 ,anatomical & ,physiological ,plates ,m\nt$4--,,web]',s1 #aa 9 numb]1 #ajj4 ,,trall',s1 #f 9 numb]1 #bj4 ,,lamb]t',s1 #f 9 numb]1 #bj4 ,,kellogg',s1 f ! ,fr5* ( ,b\rgeoise & ,jacobs4 ,v f9e4 #bj 9 numb]1 #ej4 ,= additional in=mation1 descriptive ,circul>s1 inclose ,/amps1 & address ,s4 ,r4 ,,wells1 #chi ,broadway1 ,new ,york4 ,,works ,,on ,,physiology4 ,food & ,diet1 ,a ,treatise4--,) obs]vations on ! ,dietetical ,regim51 suit$ = ,disord]$ ,/ates ( ! ,dige/ive ,organs1 & an acc\nt ( ! ,diet>ies ( "s ( ! ,pr9cipal ,metropolitan & o!r ,e/abli%m5ts = ,paup]s1 ,lunatics1 ,crim9als1 ,*ildr51 ! ,sick1 etc4 ,by ,,jona?an ,,p]eira1 ,m4,d41 ,f4 ,r4 ,s4 & ,l4 ,s4 ,edit$ by ,,*>les ,a4 ,,lee1 ,m4 ,d4 ,octavo4 #cah pp4 ,musl91 #a #ge4 ,an important physiological "w4 ,consid]able pa9s h be5 tak5 9 ! prep>ation ( tables repres5t+ ! proportion ( "s ( ! *emical elem5ts1 & ( ! alim5t>y pr9ciples conta9$ 9 diff]5t foods4 ,! "w is accurate & complete4 ,fruits & ,f>9acea ! ,prop] ,food ( ,man4--,be+ an attempt to ,prove by ,hi/ory1 ,anatomy1 ,physiology & ,*emi/ry1 t ! ,orig9al1 ,natural & ,be/ ,diet ( ,man1 is d]iv$ f ! ,vegetable ,k+dom4 ,by ,,john ,,smi?4 ,) ,notes & ,illu/rations4 ,by ,r4 ,t4 ,,trall1 ,m4 ,d4 ,f ! ,second ,london ,edition4 #abmo1 #cad pp4 ,musl9 #a #ge4 ,?is is a text-book ( facts & pr9ciples connect$ ) ! veget>ian "q1 & is a v desirable "w4 ,h]$it>y ,desc5t3 ,its ,laws & ,facts appli$ to ,human ,improvem5t4 ,physiological4 ,by ,mr4 ,,f[l]4 #abmo1 #bhh pp4 ,musl91 #a #ej4 ,human ,voice1 ,!4--,its ,"r ,managem5t 9 ,speak+1 ,read+ & ,debat+4 ,includ+ ! ,pr9ciples ( ,true ,eloqu5ce1 toge!r ) ! ,functions ( ! ,vocal ,organs1 ! ,motion ( ! ,lett]s ( ! ,alphabet1 ! ,cultivation ( ! ,e>1 ! ,disord]s ( ! ,vocal & ,articulat+ ,organs1 ,orig9 & ,con/ruction ( ! ,engli% ,language1 ,prop] ,me?ods ( ,deliv]y1 ,rem$ial ,effects ( ,read+ & ,speak+1 etc4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,w4 ,,eazalet1 ,a4 ,m4 #abmo1 #df pp4 ,musl9 ,flex41 #ej c5ts4 ,?is "w conta9s _m sugge/ions ( great value to ^? :o desire to speak & read well4 ,reg>d+ ! "r managem5t ( ! voice z intimately connect$ ) heal?1 z well z "o ( ! noble/ & mo/ useful accompli%m5ts2 ! "w %\ld be read by all4 ,illu/rat$ ,family ,gymnasium4--,conta9+ ! mo/ improv$ me?ods ( apply+ ,gymna/ic1 ,cali/h5ic1 ,k9esipa?ic & ,vocal ,ex]cises to ! ,developm5t ( ! ,bodily ,organs1 ! invigoration ( _! functions1 ! pres]vation ( ,heal?1 & ! ,cure ( ,disease & ,de=mities4 ,) num]\s illu/rations4 ,by ,r4 ,t4 ,,trall1 ,m4 ,d4 #abmo1 #bae pp4 ,musl91 #a #ge4 ,9 ?is excell5t "w1 ! au?or has aim$ to select ! v be/ mat]ials f all accessible s\rces1 & to pres5t a suffici5t v>iety ( examples to meet all ! dem&s ( human infirmity1 s f> z ex]cise is to be reg>d$ z ! rem$ial ag5cy4 ,managem5t ( ,infancy1 ,physiological & ,moral ,treatm5t on !4 ,by ,,&rew ,,combe1 ,m4 ,d4 ,) ,notes & a ,supplem5t>y ,*apt]4 ,by ,,john ,,bell1 ,m4 ,d4 #abmo1 #cjg pp4 ,musl91 #a #ej4 ,?is is "o ( ! be/ treatises on ! managem5t ( infancy extant4 ,few o!rs are s well calculat$ to supply mo!rs ) ! k9d ( in=mation :i*1 9 _! circum/ances1 is especially ne$$4 ,philosophy ( ,sacr$ ,hi/ory1 ,consid]$ 9 ,relation to ,human ,alim5t & ! ,w9es ( ,scripture4 ,by ,,graham4 #abmo1 #ehj pp4 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,a "w highly useful1 bo? = /udy & ref]5ce1 to an :o are int]e/$ 9 ! great "q ( ,biblical ,hi/ory 9 relation to ! great moral re=ms1 :i* are ackn[l$g$ z among ! mo/ prom95t features ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,x is among ! mo/ valuable contributions to ,biblical & re=matory lit]ature4 ,physiology1 ,animal & ,m5tal3 ,appli$ to ! ,pres]vation & ,re/oration ( ,heal? ( ,body & ,p[] ( ,m9d4 ,six? ,edition4 #abmo1 #cab pp4 ,illu/rat$4 ,musl91 #a #ej4 ,! title ( ?is "w indicates ! "* ( ?is admirable physiological "w4 ,its aim is to pres]ve & re/ore heal? ( body & p[] ( m9d4 ,! motto is1 8,a s\nd m9d 9 a s\nd body40 ,physiology ( ,dige/ion4--,consid]$ ) relation to ! ,pr9ciples ( ,dietetics4 ,by ,,&rew ,,combe1 ,m4 ,d4 ,fell[ ( ! ,royal ,college ( ,physicians ( ,ed9burgh4 ,t5? ,edition4 ,illu/rat$4 #ahmo1 #caj pp4 ,price1 #ej c5ts4 ,! object ( ?is "w is to lay be=e ! public a pla9 & intellig5t description ( ! /ructure & uses ( ! mo/ important organs ( ! body1 & to %[ h[ in=mation ( ?is k9d may be usefully appli$ 9 practical life4 ,practical ,family ,d5ti/4--,a ,popul> ,treatise on ! ,tee?4 ,exhibit+ ! means necess>y & effici5t to secure _! heal? & pres]vation4 ,also1 ! v>i\s errors & p]nici\s practices :i* prevail 9 relation to ,d5tal ,treatm5t4 ,) a v>iety ( useful ,receipts = ,rem$ial ,comp\nds4 ,design$ = ,diseases ( ! ,tee? & ,gums4 ,by ,d4 ,c4 ,,w]n]1 ,m4 ,d4 #a #ej4 ,?is is a "w :i* %\ld be 9 ! h&s ( all :o wi% to keep _! tee? 9 a good & heal?y condition4 ,! au?or treats on ! subject 9 a practical mann]4 ,pr9ciples ( ,physiology appli$ to ! ,pres]vation ( ,heal? & to ! ,improvem5t ( ,physical & ,m5tal ,education4 ,by ,,&rew ,,combe1 ,m4 ,d41 ,physician ,extraord9>y to ! ,que5 ( ,engl&1 & ,consult+ ,physician to ! ,k+ & ,que5 ( ! ,belgians4 ,illu/rat$ ) ,wood ,cuts4 ,to :i* are add$ ,notes & ,obs]vations4 ,by ,mr4 ,,f[l]4 ,pr9t$ f ! ,sev5? ,ed9burgh ,edition4 ,enl>g$ & ,improv$4 ,octavo1 #cbj pp4 ,musl91 #a #ge4 8,"o ( ! be/ practical works on ,physiology extant40 ,sci5ce ( ,human ,life1 ,lectures on !4--,by ,,sylve/] ,,graham4 ,) a copi\s ,index & ,biographical ,sket* ( ! ,au?or4 #abmo1 #fea pp4 ,illu/rat$4 ,musl91 #c #ej4 ,we h met ) few treatises on ! ,sci5ce ( ,human ,life1 especially among ^? address$ to ! g5]al read]1 ( equal m]it ) ?is "o4 ,! subject is treat$1 9 all its details1 ) uncommon ability4444 ,^? lectures w af=d ! unpr(essional read] a fund ( curi\s & useful in=mation 9 relation to ! organization ( 8 frame1 ! laws by :i* x is gov]n$1 & ! sev]al causes :i* t5d to d]ange ! regul>ity ( its functions1 :i* he w\ld f9d x difficult to obta9 f any o!r s\rce4--,eclectic ,j\rnal ( ,m$ical ,sci5ce4 ,sob] & ,temp]ate ,life4--,! ,disc\rses & ,lett]s ( ,l\is ,cornado1 on a ,sob] & ,temp]ate ,life4 ,) a ,biography ( ! ,au?or1 :o di$ at #aej ye>s ( age4 ,by ,,pi]o ,,m>oncelli1 & ,notes & ,app5dix by ,,john ,,burdell4 ,tw5ty-,fif? ,?\s&4 #afmo1 #bbh pp4 ,pap]1 #ej c5ts4 ,?is "w is a great favorite ) ! read+ public1 z ev9c$ by ! numb] ( editions already sold4 ,! s\nd pr9ciples & maxims ( temp]ance ( ! 8old man eloqu5t10 are1 ?\gh c5turies h elaps$ s9ce 8 decease1 /ill effici5t 9 turn+ m5 to a sob] & temp]ate life4 ,,miscellane\s ,,works4 sop's ,fables4--,! ,p's ,edition4 ,beautifully ,illu/rat$1 ) ne>ly ,sixty ,engrav+s4 #a vol4 #abmo4 #gb pp4 ,clo?1 gilt1 bevel$ bo>ds1 #a4 ,x is gott5 up 9 sumptu\s /yle1 & illu/rat$ ) great beauty ( design4 ,x w conduce to educate ! eye & elevate ! ta/e ( ! "y to ! appreciation ( ! highe/ & mo/ p]fect =ms ( grace & beauty4--,m\nt ,holly ,h]ald4 ,*emi/ry1 & its application to ,physiology1 ,agriculture & ,comm]ce4 ,by ,,ju/us ,,liebig1 ,m4 ,d41 ,f4 ,r4 ,s41 ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry4 ,edit$ by ,,john ,,g>dn]1 ,m4 ,d4 ,twelf? ,?\s&4 ,octavo1 #ed pp4 ,pap]1 #ej c5ts4 ,essays on ,human ,rights & _! ,political ,gu>antees4--,by ,e4 ,p4 ,,hurlbut1 ,c\nselor-at-,law 9 ! ,city ( ,new ,york--n[ ,judge4 ,) ,notes1 by ,,george ,,combe4 ,six? ,?\s&4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #bdi pp4 ,musl91 #a #ej4 ,fruit ,culture = ! ,million4--,a ,h&-,book4 ,be+ a ,guide to ! ,cultivation & ,managem5t ( ,fruit ,trees4 ,) ,descriptions ( ! ,be/ ,v>ieties 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,illu/rat$ ) ,n9ety ,engrav+s4 ,) an ,app5dix conta9+ a v>iety ( useful memor&a on ! subject1 valuable receipts1 etc4 ,by ,,?omas ,,gregg4 #abmo1 #afc pp4 ,musl91 #a4 ,gospel ,among ! ,animals2 ,or1 ,*ri/ ) ! ,cattle4--,by ,rev4 ,,samuel ,,osgood1 ,d4 ,d4 ,"o small #abmo vol41 #bd pp4 ,price1 #be c5ts4 ,home = ,all2 ,or1 ! ,gravel ,wall4 ,a ,new1 ,*eap1 & ,sup]ior ,mode ( ,build+1 adapt$ to ,ri* & ,poor4 ,%[+ ! ,sup]iority ( ?is ,gravel ,concrete ov] ,brick1 ,/one & ,frame ,h\ses2 ,mann] ( ,mak+ & ,deposit+ x4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #aib pp4 ,musl91 #a #ej4 8,!re's no place l ,home40 ,to *eap5 & improve human homes1 & especially to br+ com=table dwell+s )9 ! rea* ( ! poor classes1 is ! object ( ?is volume--an object ( ! highe/ practical utility to man4 ,h[ to ,live3 ,sav+ & ,wa/+1 or ,dome/ic ,economy ,illu/rat$1 by ! ,life ( ,two ,families ( ,opposite ,"*1 ,habits & ,practices1 9 a ,pleasant ,tale ( ,real ,life1 full ( ,useful ,lessons 9 ,h\sekeep+1 & ,h9ts ,h[ to ,live1 ,h[ to ,h1 ,h[ to ,ga91 & ,h[ to be ,happy2 includ+ ! ,/ory ( 8,a ,dime a ,day40 ,by ,,solon ,,rob9son4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #cdc pp4 #a #ej4 ,life 9 ! ,we/2 or1 ,/ories ( ! ,mississippi ,valley4 ,by ,n4 ,c4 ,,meek]1 ,agricultural ,editor ( ! ,new ,york ,tribune & ,report] ( ,f>m]s' ,club4 #a l>ge #abmo4 vol41 on t9t$ pap]1 pp4 #cfj1 bevel$ bo>ds4 #b4 ,movem5t-,cure4--,an ,exposition ( ! ,sw$i% ,movem5t-,cure4 ,embrac+ ! ,hi/ory & ,philosophy ( ?is ,sy/em ( ,m$ical ,treatm5t1 ) ,examples ( ,s+le ,movem5ts1 & ,directions = _! ,use 9 ,v>i\s ,=ms ( ,*ronic ,diseases2 =m+ a ,complete ,manual ( ,ex]cises1 toge!r ) a ,summ>y ( ! ,pr9ciples ( ,g5]al ,hygi5e4 ,by ,,george ,h4 ,,taylor1 ,a4 ,m41 ,m4 ,d4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #djh pp4 ,musl91 #a #ge4 ,natural ,laws ( ,man4--,a ,philosophical ,cate*ism4 ,by ,j4 ,g4 ,,spurzheim1 ,m4 ,d4 ,six? ,edition4 ,enl>g$ & ,improv$4 ,"o small #afmo vol41 #aga pp4 ,musl91 #ge c5ts4 ,george ,combe1 9 t great "w 8,! ,con/itution ( ,man10 ackn[l$ges t he d]iv$ 8 fir/ ideas ( ! 8,natural ,laws10 f ,spurzheim4 ,an ,essay on ,man4--,by ,,alex&] ,,pope4 ,) ,notes by ,s4 ,r4 ,,wells4 ,beautifully ,illu/rat$4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #ej pp4 ,clo?1 gilt1 bevel$ bo>ds1 #a4 ,?ree ,h\rs' ,s*ool a ,day4--,a ,talk ) ,p>5ts4 ,by ,,william ,l4 ,,cr&al4 ,int5d$ to aid 9 ! ,emancipation ( ,*ildr5 & ,y\? f ,s*ool ,slav]y4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #bfd pp4 ,musl91 #a #ej4 ,! ,*ri/ian ,h\sehold4--,embrac+ ! ,*ri/ian ,home1 ,husb&1 ,wife1 ,fa!r1 ,"m1 ,*ild1 ,bro!r & ,si/]4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,s4 ,,weav]4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #afj pp4 ,musl91 #a4 ,?is little volume is design$ z a p>tial answ] to "o ( ! mo/ solicit\s wants ( ,*ri/ian families4 ,i h = ye>s se5 & sorr[$ ov] ! abs5ce ( ,*ri/ 9 our h\seholds4 ,among ! ,*ri/ian p ( e sect1 !re is a sad defici5cy ( ,*ri/ian pr9ciple & practice at home4444 ,:y is x s8--,preface4 ,weav]'s ,works = ! ,"y4--,compris+ 8,hopes & ,helps = ! ,"y ( bo? ,sexes10 8,aims & ,aids = ,girls & ,"y ,wom510 8,ways ( ,life2 ,or1 ! ,"r ,way & ! ,wrong ,way40 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,s4 ,,weav]4 ,"o l>ge vol4 #abmo1 #fbf pp4 ,musl91 #c4 ,! ?ree volumes ( :i* ?is "w is compris$1 may also be _h 9 sep>ate =m4 ,hopes & ,helps = ! ,"y ( bo? ,sexes4--,relat+ to ! ,=mation ( ,"*1 ,*oice ( ,avocation1 ,heal?1 ,amusem5t1 ,music1 ,conv]sation1 ,cultivation ( ,intellect1 ,moral ,s5tim5t1 ,social ,affection1 ,c\rt%ip & ,m>riage4 ,same ,au?or4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #bdf pp4 ,musl91 #a #fj4 ,aims & ,aids = ,girls & ,"y ,wom51 on ! v>i\s ,duties ( ,life4 ,includ+1 ,physical1 ,intellectual & ,moral ,developm5t1 ,self-,culture1 ,improvem5t1 ,dress1 ,beauty1 ,fa%ion1 ,employm5t1 ,education1 ! ,home ,relations1 _! ,duties to ,"y ,m51 ,m>riage1 ,womanhood & ,happ9ess4 ,same ,au?or4 #abmo1 #bbd pp4 ,musl91 #a #ej4 ,ways ( ,life1 %[+ ! ,"r ,way & ! ,wrong ,way4 ,contra/+ ! ,high ,way & ! ,l[ ,way2 ! ,true ,way & ! ,false ,way2 ! ,upw>d ,way & ! ,d[nw>d ,way2 ! ,way ( ,honor & ! ,way ( ,di%onor4 ,same ,au?or4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #aeg pp4 ,musl91 #a4 ,notes on ,beauty1 ,vigor & ,developm5t2 ,or1 ,h[ to ,acquire ,plumpness ( ,=m1 ,/r5g? 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