,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,a ,,mon?ly ,,magaz9e ,,devot$ ,,to ,,! ,,promotion ,,( ,,true ,,culture4 ,,organ ,,( ,,! ,,*autauqua ,,lit]>y ,,& ,,sci5tific ,,circle4 ,,vol4 ,v4 ,,febru>y1 #ahhe4 ,no4 #e4 ,(fic]s ( ! ,*autauqua ,lit]>y & ,sci5tific ,circle4 ,presid5t1 ,lewis ,mill]1 ,akron1 ,ohio4 ,*ancellor1 ,j4 ,h4 ,v9c5t1 ,d4,d41 ,new ,hav51 ,conn4 ,c\nselors1 ,! ,rev4 ,lyman ,abbott1 ,d4,d42 ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,m4 ,gibson1 ,d4,d42 ,bi%op ,h4 ,w4 ,w>r51 ,d4,d42 ,pr(4 ,w4 ,c4 ,wilk9son1 ,d4,d42 ,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale4 ,(fice ,secret>y1 ,miss ,kate ,f4 ,kimball1 ,pla9field1 ,n4 ,j4 ,g5]al ,secret>y1 ,alb]t ,m4 ,m>t91 ,pittsburgh1 ,pa4 ,cont5ts ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,?is table ( cont5ts ( ?is p]iodical 0 creat$ = ! ,,html v]sion to aid ! read]4 ,,requir$ ,,read+ ,,= ,,febru>y ,h[ ,engli% ,diff]s ,f ,o!r ,languages #bdg ,sunday ,read+s ,febru>y #a #bej ,febru>y #h #bea ,febru>y #ae #bea ,febru>y #bb #beb ,home ,/udies 9 ,*emi/ry & ,physics ,*emi/ry ( ,fire4--,anci5t ,fancies #beb ,temp]ance ,tea*+s ( ,sci5ce3 or1 ! ,poison ,problem ,*apt] ,v4--,prohibition #bee ,/udies 9 ,kit*5 ,sci5ce & ,art ,v4 ,tea1 ,c(fee & ,*ocolate #beg ,h\sehold ,bev]ages #bfj ,huxley on ,sci5ce #bfa ,! ,circle ( ! ,sci5ces #bfd ,! ,poet's ,vision #bfg ,! ,homelike ,h\se ,*apt] ,,ii4--,! ,family ,p>lor #bfh ,national ,aid to ,education #bga ,! ,p>son's ,com=t] #bgd ,! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution #bge ,geography ( ! ,heav5s = ,febru>y #bgi ,new ,orleans #bhj ,! ,upp] ,*autauqua #bhd ,outl9e ( ,requir$ ,read+s1 ,febru>y1 #ahhe #bhe ,programs = ,local ,circle ,"w #bhf ,local ,circles #bhf ,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,classes #bia ,que/ions & ,answ]s #bic ,! ,*autauqua ,univ]sity ,c ,language ,be ,taught ,by ,correspond5ce8 #bie ,editor's ,outlook #bif ,editor's ,note-,book #bii ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,notes on ,requir$ ,read+s = ,febru>y #cja ,notes on ,requir$ ,read+s 9 8,! ,*autauquan0 #cjb ,talk ,ab\t ,books #cje ,special ,notes #cjf ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,graduates #cjf ,,requir$ ,,read+ ,,= ,,febru>y4 ,,h[ ,,engli% ,,diff]s ,,f ,,o!r ,,languages4 ,,by ,,ri*>d ,,grant ,,:ite4 ,x has occurr$ to me t "s read]s ( ,,! ,,*autauquan may h be5 disappo9t$ 9 ^! articles because 9 _! judgm5t !y h be5 ?us f> n suffici5tly 8practical40 ,_m p1 f> too _m1 desire *iefly to f9d "s %ort1 /raight road to k4 ,!y l to h "s man :o is call$ an 8au?ority0 ^u a c]ta9 subject cut 8 k up into small p>cels or 8*unks0 ( conv5i5t size1 & arrange !m ) labels1 alphabetically1 9 an article or a book1 s t !y maybe ref]r$ to at ne$1 & foll[$ l a recipe = mak+ a pudd+1 & ) z little ?\ght4 ,b !re are no su* recipes = acquir+ real k4 ,9 ?is way an acqua9tance ) facts may be made :i*1 us$ bl9dly1 may prove ( "s imm$iate s]vice1 & may n4 ,no?+1 h[ev]1 le>n$ 9 ?is p]functory way is wor?y ( ! "n ( k4 ,= x is a b>r5 process2 x really tea*es no?+2 x pr(its no?+2 x does no?+ = ! education ( ! p]son by :om x is adopt$4 ,real k comes only by a ?\ghtful le>n+ ( ! relations ( facts4 ,true z to all subjects1 ?is is em95tly true z to language2 because1 language is em95tly a subject ( relations4 ,!re is h>dly a ^w t we use :i* has n relations to o!r words1 & o!r =ms ( spee*2 relations hi/orical1 spiritual1 almo/ moral2 to set =? :i* 9 detail w\ld furni% occasion = a little essay4 ,! m]e le>n+ to speak & to write a language is only a matt] ( memory & practice2 no?+ m4 ,x is *ild's "w1 & x is cont9ually done1 & is be/ done1 by *ildr54 ,a man may speak & write ,engli%1 ,fr5*1 ,g]man or ,lat9 ) unexceptionable correctness & flu5cy1 & yet "k no m ab\t t language ?an a well in/ruct$ p>rot w\ld :i* _h be5 taught to use all ! words :i* he uses4 ,8 /udy w\ld n be a /udy ( language2 & 9 t :i* he _h pa9fully le>n$ he might be easily & unconsci\sly surpass$ by a *ild :o _h nev] /udi$ at all4 ,n[ :at ,i hope to d "h is to help my read]s to "s k ( ! ,engli% language1 9 s f> z my own imp]fect acqua9tance ) my "m tongue & its lit]ature w enable me to d s4 ,we h se5 :at ,engli% is1 ( :at /uff x is made1 h[ x came by its pres5t composit5ess ( sub/ance2 h[ x became /rong1 & full1 & flexible1 & f]v5t2 let u n[ look a little into its /ructure1 i4 e41 ! way 9 :i* x is put toge!r1 9 do+ :i* we %all see by comp>ison h[ x diff]s f o!r languages4 ,?is matt] ( /ructure1 ! =mation ( ! s5t5ce1 is ! di/9ctive trait ( a language4 ,m]e words are n ! ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 languages4 ,_m words are common 7) slight phonetic v>iation7 to all ! languages ( ! ,aryan or ,indo-,european /ock1 z we h already se54 ,multitudes ( words h be5 adopt$ into all ! mod]n tongues f o!r languages anci5t & mod]n1 dead & liv+1 z mo/ ( ! read]s ( ,,! ,,*autauquan "k4 ,! bulk ( ,engli% diction>ies l ,web/]'s & ,worce/]'s is compos$ ( words :i* are ( ,lat91 ,greek1 ,fr5* or ,italian orig91 & :i* inde$ are ess5tially ! same words 9 all ^! languages2 _! unlik5ess be+ m]ely a phonetic v>iation1 mo/ly caus$ by diff]5ce 9 pronunciation1 or *ange 9 t]m9ation4 ,= example1 fl[] is 9 ,lat9 flos 7g5itive floris71 9 ,italian fiore1 9 ,fr5* fleur1 9 ,spani% flor2 ea* language hav+ some:at *ang$ ! s\nd ( ! ^w1 accord+ to rules or habits :i* are loosely call$ laws2 b ! ^w is 9 all ess5tially ! same4 ,a s5t5ce--_m s5t5ces--might be writt5 9 ,engli%1 ,lat91 ,fr5*1 ,italian1 ,spani% & ,g]man1 9 :i* all ! words ( subject-matt] 7all b v]bs l h & be1 & prepositions & conjunctions7 %\ld be ess5tially ! same1 & s l t an intellig5t p]son ) "s faculty = language1 & :o und]/ood any "o ( ^! languages1 c\ld appreh5d ! mean+ ( any "o ( ! suppos$ s5t5ces ) little difficulty4 ,& yet ! s5t5ces w\ld be respectively ,engli%1 ,lat91 ,fr5*1 & s =?4 ,:y & h[8 ,x is to ! reason ( ?is1 t is ! :y & ! h[ ( x1 t we %all n[ give a little "t & att5tion4 ,! mo/ important & significant di/9ction betwe5 languages is 9 _! gramm>2 t is1 9 ! /ructure ( ! s5t5ce4 ,9 ! languages m5tion$ above ! greate/ unlik5ess 9 ?is respect is manife/$ 9 ,engli%1 ,lat9 & ,g]man1 or to "n !m 9 _! ord] ( grammatical importance1 ,lat91 ,g]man & ,engli%4 ,! t]m 8gramm>0 has two s5ses2 "o l>ge & vague1 & call$ by "s 8philosophical0 or 8sci5tific0 7phrases commonly us$ ) a deplorable union ( pret5sion & loos5ess71 :i* includes all t relates to ! hi/ory1 ! sub/ance & ! /ructure ( a language2 ! o!r mu* n>r[] & simpl]2 ! s5se impli$ :5 ! phrases 8good gramm>0 & 8bad gramm>0 are us$4 ,to ?is s5se ,i %all "h conf9e myself1 & %all "h repeat a def9ition ( gramm> :i* ,i h giv5 be=e4,a ,gramm> conc]ns ! =ms ( words & _! dep5d5t relations 9 ! s5t5ce4 ,to illu/rate ?is3 ,x is 8bad gramm>10 ludicr\sly1 mon/r\sly bad gramm>1 to say 9 ,lat91 ,nos habeo bonus mat]1 & yet ^! ,lat9 words1 lit]ally & simply translat$ 9 _! ord]1 mean1 ,we h a good "m1 :i* 9 ,engli% is p]fectly 8good gramm>40 ,9 ! ,lat9 7to call x ,lat97 e ^w is wrong2 9 ,engli% e ^w is "r4 ,! reason ( ?is is t 9 ,lat9 words *ange _! =ms accord+ to _! relations1 n accord+ to _! ess5tial mean+4 ,habeo means h2 b x c n be us$ to express a plural hav+2 t requires = we 7nos7 ! =m habemus4 ,bonus means good2 b x c n be us$ to express ! goodness ( a fem99e object1 = :i* ! =m bona is requir$4 ,yet fur!r3 ,ev5 bona c n be us$ to qualify a n\n :i* is ! object ( a v]b1 or1 z we say1 9 ! objective 7or accusative7 case1 = :i* ! =m bonam is requir$4 ,mat] means "m1 b z ! object ( ! v]b h1 mat] mu/ *ange its =m to matrem4 ,by ^! requir$ *anges ( =m ! ,lat9 s5t5ce becomes1 ,nos habemus bonam matrem1 :i* is 8good gramm>10 al?\gh poor ,lat91 b :i*1 aft] all ! *anges1 means simply1 ,we h a good "m2 no?+ m nor less4 ,yet fur!r3 ,! s5t5ce1 z writt5 above1 al?\gh grammatical1 is poor ,lat9 because x is at v>iance ) ! habit1 or z x is sometimes call$ ! _s1 or ev5 ! g5ius1 ( ! ,lat9 language4 ,9 ,lat9 ! ^w habemus 7al?\gh l habeo x means simply1 h7 is s positively & di/9ctively limit$ 9 use to ! fir/ p]son plural t ! pron\n nos--we--is q sup]flu\s1 & is nev] us$ unless ) an emphatic purpose2 habemus1 )\t ! nos1 means1 we h4 ,moreov] x 0 ! ,lat9 habit ( spee* to place ! object g5]ally be=e ! v]b2 & good ,lat9 =1 ,we h a good "m w\ld be1 bonam matrem habemus--i4 e41 ,a good "m we h1 or r 7lit]ally7 ,good "m we h = ! ,lat9 /rangely has no articles1 or none :i* correspond to our an 7or a7 & !1 & :i* may be translat$ by !m4 ,?is illu/ration1 brief & simple al?\gh x be1 is suffici5t1 ,i ?9k1 to make ! great & ess5tial di/9ction betwe5 ,engli% & ,lat91 & measurably betwe5 ,engli% & all o!r mod]n civiliz$ tongues1 cle> to ! read]s ( ^! articles4 ,! ess5tial diff]5ce is n "o ( words b ( ! con/ruction ( ! s5t5ce4 ,9 ,lat9 & o!r languages t con/ruction dep5ds n ^u ! ?\ght & ! mean+ ( ! words1 b ^u ! =ms ( ! words--_! inflections4 ,n[ ! di/9ctive trait ( ,engli% is t x is a language )\t inflections--n absolutely s1 b s to all int5ts & purposes2 &1 be+ )\t inflections1 x is !re=e )\t gramm>1 :i*1 z we h se51 conc]ns ! =ms ( words & _! dep5d5t relations 9 ! s5t5ce4 ,nos habeo bonus mat] is bad gramm> because ! =ms ( ! words are incorrect accord+ to ! usage ( ! ,lat9 language4 ,bonus means good2 b = ! expression ( ! quality good 9 its b>e/1 simple/ idea bonus takes on five =ms 9 ,lat92 bonus = mascul9e goodness 9 ! s+ul>1 bona = fem99e s+ul>1 bonum = neut] s+ul>2 boni mascul9e plural2 bon fem99e plural1 bona neut] plural4 ,to be brief2 = use 9 v>i\s relations1 ?is ^w bonus takes on no less ?an ?irte5 =ms1 ( :i* m ne$ n "h be giv54 ,mat]--"m--takes on eight ( ^! =ms or inflections1 :i* are call$ cases4 ,b 9 ,engli% good has b "o =m4 ,s+ul>1 plural1 mascul9e1 fem99e1 neut]1 nom9ative1 possessive1 dative1 objective1 vocative--9 :i*ev] ( ^! s5ses ! ^w :i* x qualifies is us$ x has b "o =m--good4 ,?us x is ) all ,engli% adjectives1 & ) articles 7an & !7 :i* are a k9d ( adjective4 ,9 all o!r languages adjectives & articles h v>i\s =ms adapt$ to ! v>i\s numb]s1 g5d]s1 & cases ( n\ns4 ,9 ,engli% n\ns h two cases 7/rictly b "o1 ! nom9ative n be+ a true case71 ! second ( :i* is ! possessive3 e4 g41 "m's2 & !y h a s+ul> & a plural =m1 e4 g41 "m1 mo!rs4 ,9 o!r languages ! v]b is inflect$ into a multitude ( =ms1 expressive ( voice 7active & passive71 p]son1 numb] & "t ( action4 ,9 ,engli% ! v>iations ( =m 9 ! v]b are v few4 ,!re is no passive voice4 ,! ,engli% has b "o passive v]b2 ! obsolete hight1 :i* means1 is call$4 ,z to "t1 !re are only ! =ms ( pres5t & p]fect1 e4 g41 love & lov$2 z to p]son & numb]1 inflections only 9 ! pres5t t5se1 e4 g41 love1 love/1 loves2 & ( ^! "o1 love/1 is obsolete1 or v obsolesc5t4 ,to ^! inflect$ =ms !re is to be add$ only ! pres5t or indef9ite p>ticiple lov+4 ,beyond ?is !re are 9 ,engli%1 by way ( inflection1 only ! cases ( ! pron\ns1 e4 g41 he1 81 him1 :o1 ^:1 :om1 etc4 ,& x is "h to be rem>k$ t almo/ all ! que/ions ( 8good gramm>0 & 8bad gramm>0 t arise 9 ,engli% relate to ! use ( pron\ns4 7,= surely we may leave out ( consid]ation "h ! difficulties ( ^? :o say ,i see or ,i se5 him1 = ,i saw him1 or ,i h w5t = ,i h gone1 & ! l47 ,"h1 !re=e1 we h set =?1 al?\gh v succ9ctly1 ! di/9ctive grammatical position ( ! ,engli% language4 ,t position is briefly ?is3 ,9 ,engli% words h 7) ! few exceptions m5tion$ above7 b "o =m2 & z gramm> is conc]n$ only ) ! =mal relations ( words 9 ! s5t5ce1 ,engli% has no gramm>4 ,among languages x is ! gramm>less tongue4 ,let u fur!r illu/rate ?is po9t by a brief consid]ation ( a subject :i* is v p]plex+ to ! le>n]s ( a =eign language1 & :i* is n less s to ! hi/orical /ud5ts ( language 9 g5]al2 a subject :i*1 ,i believe1 has nev] be5 expla9$ by ! latt] ) any semblance ( satisfaction--g5d]4 ,all o!r languages are infe/$ ) g5d]2 9 ,engli% !re is no su* di/9ction 9 words z t ( g5d]4 ,engli%1 x %\ld be ne$less to say1 has words to express diff]5ce ( sex2 t no language c fail to d1 = fail+ 9 t1 x w\ld n communicate ! facts & ?\ghts ( e-day life4 ,b grammatical g5d] has no relation to sex1 no relation to ! ess5tial *>act]i/ics ( ?+s4 ,g5d]1 grammatical g5d]1 is an attribute ( words4 ,he creatures are male1 %e creatures female1 & ! words :i* are _! names are g5]ally 7b n univ]sally7 mascul9e & fem99e 9 all languages4 ,?+s nei!r male nor female are neut]1 :i* means m]ely1 nei!r4 ,b ?is is n g5d]4 ,g5d]1 z ,i h said be=e1 is an attribute ( words2 ( words only4 ,= example1 ! ,lat9 ^w p5na--a p51 or quill1 is fem99e2 9 ,fr5* ! ^w table--table1 is also fem99e4 ,x is ne$less to say t !re is no "q z to ! sex ( a p51 or ( a table2 nor is !re any quality 9 ei!r ( ^? objects :i* has a sexual trait or *>act]i/ic4 ,9 ea* case x is ! ^w :i* is ( ! fem99e g5d]2 & 9 all1 or almo/ all1 languages b ,engli% all or almo/ all words are afflict$ ) ?is my/]i\s pe/ ( g5d]4 ,h[ annoy+ & p]plex+ x is1 & h[ x complicates ! use ( language1 & makes ! acquisition ( =eign languages difficult1 no /ud5t ne$s be told4 ,= x creates an ev] pres5t & f>-rea*+ p]plexity4 ,x dom9ates ! con/ruction ( ! s5t5ce & b9ds x up 9 bonds ( iron4 ,= e adjective1 & 9 ,fr5* & o!r languages hav+ articles1 e article :i* is appli$ to a n\n mu/ be ( ! g5d] ( t n\n4 ,y c n say 9 ,lat9 bonus p5na1 a good p51 )\t 8bad gramm>10 y mu/ say bona p5na4 ,y c n say 9 ,fr5* un mauvais table1 a bad table1 b mu/ say une mauvaise table2 nor le table1 b la table--al?\gh bo? mean ! table1 no?+ m nor less4 ,! absurdity ( ?is is made v app>5t :5 a fem99e ^w is appli$ to a male object4 ,?us maje/--maje/y1 is fem99e2 b :5 a k+ is call$ y\r maje/y1 ! words sa maje/ 7h] maje/y7 are us$ because ! ^w maje/y is fem99e2 & in/ead ( say+ he 7il7 did ?us or s1 we mu/ say %e 7elle7 did x1 al?\gh ! %e 0 a man2 ! reason be+ t ! ^w maje/ is fem99e4#a ,all ?is has be5 swept clean away 9 ,engli%1 9 :i* language !re is no di/9ction ( g5d] b only t ( sex3 male creatures1 or ^? s p]sonifi$1 are mascul9e1 female1 fem99e2 ^? :i* h no sex are neut]2 & !re an end4 ,engli% is em95tly a language ( common s5se2 & "o m>k$ evid5ce ( ?is trait is its free+ itself entirely f ! nuisance ( grammatical g5d] along ) o!r grammatical trammels4#b ,x has fre$ itself f ^? trammels2 = at "o "t x 0 hamp]$ by !m sorely4 ,anglo-,saxon1 or ,old ,engli%1 0 an inflect$ spee*1 & 0 ti$ up 9 ! bonds ( g5d] & o!r griev\s grammatical te!r+s4 ,?is 0 long ago2 b x 0 aft] ,brita9 _h become ,engl&1 or ,engle-l&1 ! l& ( ! ,engli% p & ( ,engli% spee*4 ,:5 our ,engli% =efa!rs 7 little bett] ?an semi-savages1 bloody1 b>b>\s1 hea!n1 wor%ip+ ,?or & ,wod51 & 9 a /ate ( b5ight$ ignorance ( :i* x w\ld be difficult = ^? ( my read]s :o h n tri$ to pi]ce ! d>kness ( t hi/orical pa/ to =m ev5 an approximate notion--at ?is "t1 & 9 ?is social & intellectual condition ( ! speak]s ( ! ,engli% language1 x 0 copi\sly provid$ ) gramm>4 ,ev5 ,greek _h n mu* ! bett] ( x 9 ?is respect4 ,x _h n only =ms = p]son & numb]1 b g5d] =ms1 & cases galore4#c ,take1 = example1 a ^w :i* 0 ,engli% a ?\s& ye>s ago1 j z x is to-day1 man4 ,?is simple ^w has und]gone no *ange 9 all ! ?\s& ye>s1 unless by los+ a little bread? ( s\nd2 x hav+ probably be5 pron\nc$ mahn1 ( :i* s\nd ! ru/ic mon ( prov9cial ,engl& is a relic & repres5tative4 ,b man c\ld n be us$ pure & simple1 "u all circum/ances & 9 all cases1 9 ! ,engli% ( t day any m ?an1 z we h se51 mat] & bonus c\ld be s us$ 9 ,lat94 ,!re 0 ! nom9ative s+ul>--man1 simply2 ! g5itive mannes--( a man2 ! dative m51 to or = a man2 accusative mannan--a man objectively2 nom9ative plural m52 g5itive manna--( m51 or m5's2 & a dative mannum--to or = m54 ,( all ^! v>i\s =ms or cases ( man1 ! language has fre$ itself1 except+ ! g5itive s+ul>1 mannes1 & ! nom9ative plural1 m54 ,^! h be5 reta9$1 n by accid5t1 or neglect1 b at ! dictate ( common s5se1 because conv5i5ce & intelligibility requir$ _! use4 ,x 0 f\nd necess>y to di/+ui% ! plural f ! s+ul>2 & ! g5itive or possessive idea f ! simple & absolute2 b man z a dative or accusative s+ul>1 & m5 z ! same 9 ! plural1 7 f\nd q z useful & conv5i5t z ! old inflect$ =ms2 & !re=e 7or !re=e f9ally & 9 a great measure7 ! latt] 7 disc>d$4 ,! g5itive or possessive has be5 reta9$2 b x has slightly *ang$ its =m2 by contraction only1 h[ev]2 mannes has become man's4 ,! old sign ( ! possessive 0 es2 & x is ?is1 & n ! pron\n 8 7z once 0 suppos$7 t is repres5t$ 9 our possessive case1 9 :i* ! apo/rophe m]ely m>ks ! elision ( ! old e4 ,!re is really no good reason = ! use ( ! apo/rophe1 none :i* w\ld n apply equally to _m o!r cases 9 :i* no elision is m>k$4 ,9 ! ,elizabe?an era x 0 n us$1 & ) no consequ5t confusion4 ,mans folly1 ! boys hat1 ,johns coat1 are z cle> 9 mean+ z !y w\ld be ) ! apo/rophe2 & ! possible confusion ( ! possessive ) ! plural1 z 9 t fancy ( ! girls1 & t fancy ( ! girl's is s remote & s v unlikely z to be wor?y ( little consid]ation4 ,z to ,engli% 9 its e>lie/ =m 7,anglo-,saxon7 suffice x "h to say 9 ?is reg>d t x 0 s l>gely an inflect$ language1 t is1 x v>i$ ! =ms ( its words s num]\sly to express "t ( action1 mode ( action1 p]son1 numb]1 case1 & g5d]1 t x is 9 ?is respect almo/ z unlike mod]n ,engli% z ,greek is1 & is little less difficult ( acquirem5t to ! ,engli% speak+ /ud5t ( to-day ?an ,lat94 ,its v articles _h g5d] =ms z well z case =ms2 &1 moreov]1 l ! ,ms-,go?ic & l ! ,greek x _h pres]v$ ! old dual numb] 7= ! expression ( a plural ( two7 al?\gh only 9 ! p]sonal pron\n4 ,a comp>ative exam9ation ( ! pron\n ( ! fir/ p]son & ( ! pres5t t5se ( ! v]b to h 9 _! anci5t & mod]n =ms w %[ ! mode & ! reason ( ! *anges by :i* ,engli% has assum$ its pres5t "*4 ,,old ,,engli% ,,pron\n ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,p]son4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,dual4 ,,plural4 ,n4 ic1 ,i4 wit1 u two4 we1 we4 ,g4 m91 ( me4 unc]1 ( u two4 ure1 ( u4 ,d4 me1 to1 =1 ) me4 unc1 to or = u two4 u1 to1 =1 ) u4 ,a4 me1 me 7objectively74 unc1 u two4 u1 u4 ,! dual =m has be5 swept away entirely z ne$less1 & worse1 cumbr\s & p]plex+2 b x w be se5 t we h reta9$ e "o ( ! o!r =ms4 ,ic has become ,i2 m9e is /ill ! possessive ( ,i2 me is /ill n only ! objective =m ( ! fir/ p]son1 b ! dative1 8make me a hat10 or 8buy me a horse10 be+ m]ely 8make a hat to or = me10 or 8buy to or = me a horse40 ,we & u w be recogniz$ at sight1 & ure has only *ang$ its pronunciation f oor to our4 ,^! =ms h be5 reta9$ 9 our mod]n ,engli% p>tly because a pron\n is ! mo/ anci5t ( inde/ructible p>ts ( spee*1,b b *iefly because ( _! usefulness1 _! conv5i5ce4 ,a brief consid]ation ( !m by ! intellig5t read] w make ?is s pla9 t m ne$ n be said on ! subject4 ,n[ let u see ! unlike fate ( ! v]b to h4 ,?is w be m readily app>5t if we look at x 9 ,lat91 9 ,fr5*1 & 9 ,engli% 7x is actually ! same ^w 9 all ^! languages1 ) slight phonetic v>iation72 & we %all ?us also h ano!r demon/ration ( ! mann] 9 :i* ,engli% diff]s f o!r languages4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 ,lat94 ,fr5*4 ,engli%4 ,lat94 ,fr5*4 ,engli%4 #a4 habeo4 ,j'ai4 ,i h4 habemus4 n\s avons4 we h4 #b4 habes4 tu z4 ?\ ha/4 habetis4 v\s avez4 y h4 #c4 habet4 il a4 he has4 hab5t4 ils ont4 !y h4 ,x w be se5 at once t ! ,lat9 & ! ,fr5* h ea* a special plural =m1 & also ?ree =ms = ! ?ree p]sons ( t numb]4 ,engli% has swept away ?is plural =m entirely1 & uses = ! plural 9 all its p]sons ! simple h ( ! fir/ p]son s+ul>4 ,! =m ( ! second p]son s+ul> has also virtually disappe>$2 ! simple h appe>+ 9 its sub/itute1 y h4 ,:e!r ! =m ( ! ?ird p]son s+ul> w ev] foll[ ! o!r is d\btful2 b x is c]ta9 t our language has lo/ no?+ 9 cle>ness1 & has ga9$ mu* 9 simplicity by ! do+ away ) all ! =mal sup]fluity by :i* ! old numb]s & p]sons 7 di/+ui%$4 ,?is simplification ( ! =ms ( words is n absolutely conf9$ to ! ,engli% language4 ,x appe>s to be a t5d5cy ( language2 a mod]n t5d5cy1 us+ mod]n 9 its wide/ s5se4 ,= ?is movem5t t[>d simplification appe>s 9 ! ,lat91 9 ! ,romance tongues =m$ f x1 & 9 ! ,go?ic languages4 ,9 none1 h[ev]1 does ?is simplification1 ?is de/ruction ( sup]flu\s =ms1 approa*1 ev5 remotely1 t :i* has tak5 place 9 ,engli%4 ,s diff]5t1 inde$1 are ! results1 t ! process seems1 if n ( ano!r k9d1 at lea/ z hav+ ano!r motive4 ,= example1 all ! o!r languages reta9 ! absurdity ( g5d]4 ,9 ?is respect ,g]man is no bett] ?an ,fr5*4 ,& let me "h rem>k t ! common notion t ,engli% & ,g]man are mo/ alike ( all mod]n languages1 & mo/ ne>ly ak91 is altoge!r wrong4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,engli% & ,g]man are v unlike2 ! mo/ unlike ( all ! ,go?ic 7or ,teutonic7 languages4 ,engli% & ,fr5* h mu* great] lik5ess1 bo? 9 sub/ance & 9 /ructure4 ,!re are m words n[ common to ! ,engli% language & to ! ,fr5* ?an to ,engli% & ,g]man2 & ! syntax ( ! ,fr5* language is v mu* m l t ( ! ,engli%1 ?an ,g]man syntax is4 ,a ,fr5* s5t5ce lit]ally translat$ 9 ! ,fr5* ord] ( ! words is1 9 mo/ cases1 s l an ,engli% s5t5ce t x requires little *ange to be correct ,engli%1 :ile a simil> translation ( a ,g]man s5t5ce produces an effect bo? h>% & ludicr\s4 ,! simple =m ( ! ,engli% language is ! result ( two causes4 ,( ^! ! fir/ 9 ord] ( "t 0 ! conflict & subsequ5t m+l+ ( ! ,old ,engli% 7,anglo-,saxon7 & ! ,norman-,fr5*4 ,:5 two languages are ?us br\ght toge!r & are bo? spok5 by two peoples1 all t is sup]flu\s 9 ! words ( ea* soon beg9s to disappe>4 ,ea* p grasps only ! ess5tial 9 ! =eign words :i* x is oblig$ to use2 ea* soon adopts ! curtail$ =m ( its spee* us$ by ! neighbors ( ano!r race & spee* ) :om x is oblig$ to live 9 daily communication2 & ere long a composite spee* ( simpl] =ms takes ! place ( two tongues--ea* ( :i* 0 m complex 9 /ructure1 b less ri* & v>i$ 9 sub/ance4 ,by ?is process1 out ( ,anglo-,saxon & ,norman-,fr5*1 came mod]n ,engli%4 ,b n only ?us4 ,o!r languages h m+l$1 b nev] be=e ) su* a result4 ,nev] 0 !re 9 any o!r amalgamation1 su* an esuri5ce ( sup]flu\s =m2 a dev\r+ :i* has to all int5ts & purposes made ,engli% a language ( "o-=m$ words1 & !re=e a language practically )\t =mal gramm>4 ,9 ?is *>act]i/ic is its /r5g?2 f ?is comes its flexibility1 its adaptation to all ! ne$s ( man1 ! highe/ & ! l[e/4 ,h5ce x is em95tly ! language ( common s5se z well z ( ! highe/ flights ( poetry4 ,! ,engli% m9d saw t x 0 n necess>y to h two words to express possession 9 ! s+ul> & 9 ! plural2 t good z cle>ly express$ ! goodness ( a woman z ( a man1 & t ( a doz5 m5 z well z t ( "o2 t p5s & tables ne$$ no di/9ction ( g5d] 9 _! names2 9 fact t no?+ 0 ga9$1 & t mu* 0 lo/ by ^! grammatical excresc5ces2 & !re=e !y 7 done away ) v ?or\ghly1 almo/ entirely4 ,! process 0 pretty well complet$ "s ?ree hundr$ ye>s or m ago2 s9ce :5 no notewor?y *anges 9 ?is respect h tak5 place4 ,b x is /ill go+ on1 al?\gh s sl[ly z to be p]ceptible only on close exam9ation4 ,all ! little specks ( gramm> t ,engli% has are mo/ly to be f\nd 9 ! pron\ns1 z ,i h be=e rem>k$4 ,9 ! use ( "o ( ^! a *ange is v gradually tak+ place4 ,:om has begun to disappe>1 began1 inde$1 a long "t ago2 b ( late is fad+ some:at m p]ceptibly4 ,= example3 all speak]s ( good ,engli% say1 ,! man :om ,i saw1 n ,! man :o ,i saw2 :om be+ ! objective =m ( :o4 ,b n[-a-days n "o p]son 9 a hundr$ ( ! be/ br$ & be/ educat$ speak]s ( ,engli% asks1 ,:om did y see8 b1 ,:o did y see8 ,inde$1 ! latt] =m ( ! "q may be reg>d$ almo/ z accept$ ,engli%4 ,yet 9 ! latt] phrase1 z 9 ! =m]1 ! pron\n is ! object ( ! v]b see1 & %\ld /rictly h ! objective =m4 ,b1 ,:om did y see8 w\ld n[ s\nd v =mal & precise1 almo/ priggi%1 l gott5 in/ead ( got4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! pron\n is br\ght 9 direct contact ) ! v]b1 z 9 ! phrase1 ,! man :om ,i saw1 we %r9k f insult to ! little semblance ( gramm> t our language possesses1 & give ! ^w its objective =m4 ,! "t w probably come1 al?\gh x may be remote1 :5 :om w h altoge!r disappe>$4 ,z to gott51 its use is n[ s conf9$ to ! ov]-precise 9 ?is c\ntry z to make x almo/ an ,am]icanism4 ,its disappe>ance f our language 9 ,engl& is also "o ( ! evid5ces ( ! process ( simplification :i* is /ill sl[ly go+ on4 ,ano!r1 :i* has tak5 place )9 ! memory ( ! eld] liv+ g5]ation1 is ! disappe>ance ( ! subjunctive mood1 :i* is n[ obsolete1 or s v obsolesc5t z to be met ) v r>ely4 ,b ?irty-five or =ty ye>s s9ce correct writ]s us$ ?is mood1 & wrote1 = example1 if he g in/ead ( if he goes4 ,( ! effect ( ?is gramm>less condition ( ! ,engli% language we may see some?+ 9 a subsequ5t article4 ,,footnotes ,a 8,e ,day ,engli%10 *apt] xvii4 ,b ,c]ta9 uneasy manipulators ( spee* h lately set !mselves at mak+ an imp]sonal ,engli% pron\n4 ,vanity ( vanities6 ,make a pron\n8 ,z well und]take to build a pyramid4 ,bett]4 ,!re is n a pron\n 9 use t 0 n ho>y ) age be=e ! fir/ /one ( ,keops 0 laid4 ,,sunday ,,read+s4 ,,select$ ,,by ,,*ancellor ,j4 ,h4 ,,v9c5t1 ,d4 ,d4 ,febru>y #a4 ,i f9d ,david mak+ a syllogism1 9 mood & figure1 two propositions he p]fect$4 7,ps4 lxvi7 #ah4 ,if ,i reg>d iniquity 9 my he>t1 ! ,"l w n he> me4 #ai4 ,b v]ily ,god ha? he>d me1 he ha? att5d$ to ! voice ( my pray]4 ,n[ ,i expect$ t ,david %\ld h conclud$ ?us3 ,!re=e ,i reg>d n wick$ness 9 my he>t4 ,b f> o!rwise he concludes3 #bj4 ,bless$ be ,god1 :o ha? n turn$ away my pray]1 nor 8 m]cy f me4 ,?us ,david ha? deceiv$1 b n wrong$ me4 ,i look$ t he %\ld h clapp$ ! cr[n on 8 own1 & he puts x on ,god's head4 ,i w le>n ?is excell5t logic1 = ,i l ,david's bett] ?an ,ari/otle's syllogisms1 t1 :atsoev] ! premises be1 ,i make ,god's glory ! conclusion4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"y ,k+ ,jehoa% _h only a lease ( piety1 & n = 8 own1 b 8 uncle's life 7#b ,k+s xii3#b73 ,he did t :i* 0 "r 9 ! sight ( ! ,"l all 8 days1 :]e9 ,jehoiada ! prie/ in/ruct$ him4 ,jehu 0 good 9 ! mid/ ( 8 life1 & a zeal\s re=m] to ! utt] aboli%+ ( ,baal out ( ,israel1 b 9 8 old age 7#b ,k+s x3#ca7 he return$ to ! politic s9s ( ,j]oboam1 wor%ip+ ! calves 9 ,dan & ,be!l4 ,manasseh 0 bad 9 ! beg9n+ & middle ( 8 life1 fill+ ,j]usalem ) idolatry2 only t[>d ! end !re(1 :5 c>ri$ into a /range l&1 he came home to himself & de/roy$ ! pr(ane alt>s he _h erect$4 ,^! ?ree put toge!r make "o p]fect s]vant ( ,god4 ,take ! morn+ & rise ) ,jehoa%1 ! noon & %9e ) ,jehu1 ! night & set ) ,manasseh4 ,beg9 ) y\?-,jehoa%1 cont9ue ) man-,jehu1 conclude ) old-man-,manasseh1 & all put toge!r w spell "o good ,*ri/ian1 yea1 "o good1 p]fect p]=m]4 ,con/antly pray to ,god1 t 9 8 due "t he w\ld speak peace to !e4''' ,pray]s neglig5tly p]=m$ draw a curse1 b n pray]s weakly p]=m$4 ,! =m] is :5 "o c d bett]1 & w n2 ! latt] is :5 "o w\ld d bett]1 b1 alas6 he c n4''' ,be dilig5t 9 read+ ! ^w ( ,god1 :]e9 all com=t is conta9$4''' ,?\ ha/ a great j\rney to g1 a w\nd$ consci5ce has f> to travel to f9d com=t 7& ?\gh we>y %all be welcome at 8 j\rney's end71 & !re=e mu/ fe$ on ,god's ^w1 ev5 aga9/ 8 own dull disposition1 & %all aft]w>d reap b5efit !reby4''' ,be indu/ri\s 9 ?y call+2 ,i press ?is ! m because "s errone\sly conceive t a w\nd$ consci5ce cancels all ind5tures ( s]vice1 & gives !m 7dur+ _! affliction7 a disp5sation to be idle4 ,let none 9 l mann] pret5d t 7dur+ ! agony ( a w\nd$ consci5ce7 !y are to h no o!r employm5t ?an to sit mop+1 to brood ov] _! melan*oly1 or else only to att5d _! devotion2 :]eas a good way to div]t or assuage _! pa9 )9 is to take pa9s )\t 9 _! vocation4 ,i am confid5t1 t happy m9ute :i* %all put a p]iod to ?y mis]y %all n f9d !e idle1 b employ$1 z "s ev] secret good is accru+ to su* :o are dilig5t 9 _! call+4--,full]4#a ,febru>y #h4 ,! ,deity is int5d$ to be ! ev]la/+ field ( ! human intellect1 z well z ! ev]la/+ object ( ! human he>t1 ! ev]la/+ portion ( all holy & happy m9ds1 :o are de/9$ to sp5d a blissful b ev] active et]nity 9 ! contemplation ( 8 glory4''' ,he w =ev] rema9 8! unkn[n ,god40 ,we %all ev] be consci\s t we "k little comp>$ ) :at rema9s to be kn[n ( him2 t our mo/ raptur\s & l(ty songs fall inf9itely %ort ( 8 excell5ce4 ,if we /ret* our p[]s to ! utt]mo/1 we %all nev] exhau/ 8 praise1 nev] r5d] him adequate honor1 nev] dis*>ge ! full am\nt ( claim :i* he possesses ^u our v5]ation1 ob$i5ce1 & gratitude4 ,:5 we h lov$ him ) ! greate/ favor1 our love w /ill be cold comp>$ ) 8 title to our devot$ atta*m5t4 ,?is w r5d] him ! cont9ual s\rce ( fre% delight to all et]nity4 ,8 p]fection w be an abyss nev] to be fa?om$2 !re w be dep?s 9 8 excell5ce :i* we %all nev] be able to p5etrate4 ,we %all delight 9 los+ ourselves 9 8 inf9ity4 ,an unb\nd$ prospect w be ext5d$ be=e u2 look+ =w>d ?r\gh ! vi/a ( int]m9able ages we %all f9d a blissful occupation = our faculties1 :i* c nev] end2 :ile ^? faculties w reta9 _! vigor unimpair$1 fl\ri% 9 ! bloom ( p]petual y\?1 ''' & ! full consci\sness rema9 t ! ,be+ :om we contemplate c nev] be f\nd out to p]fection ''' t he may always add to ! impression ( :at we "k1 by ?r[+ a veil ( indef9ite obscurity ov] 8 "*4 ,! %ades 9 :i* he w =ev] conceal himself w h ! same t5d5cy to excite our ador+ wond] z ! effulg5ce ( 8 glory2 ! dep?s 9 :i* he w retire f our view1 ! recesses ( 8 wisdom & p[] z ! op5 pa?s ( 8 manife/ation4 ,7 we capable ( compreh5d+ ! ,deity1 devotion w\ld n be ! sublime/ employm5t to :i* we c atta94 ,9 ! contemplation ( su* a ,be+ we are 9 no dang] ( go+ beyond our subject2 we are conv]s+ ) an inf9ite object1 ''' 9 ! dep?s ( ^: ess5ce & purposes we are =ev] lo/4 ,?is w probably give all ! emotions ( fre%ness & a/oni%m5t to ! raptures ( beatific vision1 & add a delightful ze/ to ! devotions ( et]nity4 ,?is w enable ! ,div9e ,be+ to p\r 9 cont9ually fre% accessions ( light2 to unfold new views ( 8 "*1 disclose new p>ts ( 8 p]fection1 op5 new mansions ( himself1 9 :i* ! m9d w h ample room to expatiate4 ,?us %all we le>n1 to et]nity1 t1 s f> f exhau/+ 8 inf9ite fullness1 !re /ill rema9 inf9ite recesses 9 8 nature unexplor$--sc5es 9 8 c\nsels nev] br\ght be=e ! view ( 8 creatures2 t we "k b 8p>ts ( 8 ways20 & t in/ead ( exhau/+ our !me1 we are n ev5 approa*+ ne>] to ! compreh5sion ( ! ,et]nal ,all4 ,x is ! my/]i\sness ( ,god1 ! inscrutability ( 8 ess5ce1 ! %ade 9 :i* he is inve/$1 t w excite ^? peculi> emotions :i* no?+ b transc5d5t p]fection & unspeakable gr&eur c inspire4--,rob]t ,hall4#b ,febru>y #ae4 ,we ne$ n g f> to seek ! mat]ials = an acceptable (f]+2 !y lie all ar\nd u 9 ! "w ( our call+s1 9 ! little calls :i* div9e ,provid5ce daily makes to u1 9 ! little crosses :i* ,god requires u to take up1 nay1 9 our v recreations4 ,! great po9t is to h ! m9d set ^u see+ & seek+ 9 all ?+s ! s]vice ( ,*ri/ & ! glory ( ,god1 &1 lo6 e trifl+ incid5t :i* t m9d t\*es1 e piece ( "w :i* x h&les1 e disp5sation to :i* x submits becomes a sacrifice4 8,if 9 our daily walks our m9d ,be set to hall[ all we f9d1 ,new treasures /ill ( c\ntless price ,god w provide = sacrifice4 ,we ne$ n bid = cloi/]$ cell ,our neighbor & our "w f>ewell1 ,nor /rive to w9d ourselves too high ,= s9ful man b5ea? ! sky2 ,! trifl+ r\nd1 ! common task ,w furni% all we ought to ask1 ,room to d5y ourselves--a road ,to br+ u daily ne>] ,god40 ,if we all[ ! beauties ( nature to raise our he>t to ,god1 we turn t into a sacrifice4 ,if cross incid5ts1 :i* c\ld n be avoid$ or av]t$1 are tak5 sweetly & lov+ly1 out ( homage to ! liv+ w ( ,god1 ?is1 too1 is a sacrifice4 ,if "w be done 9 ! full view ( ,god's assignm5t ( our sev]al tasks & sph]es ( labor1 & "u ! consci\sness ( 8 pres5ce1 h[ev] secul> 9 its "*1 x imm$iately becomes fit = pres5tation on ! alt>4 ,if refre%m5t & amusem5t are s mod]at$ z to help ! _s in/ead ( dissipat+ x1 if !y are to be season$ ) ! :olesome salt ( self-d5ial 7= e sacrifice mu/ be season$ ) salt7 !y1 too1 become a holy oblation4 ,if we /udy ev5 p]v]se *>act]s1 ) a lov+ hope & belief t we %all f9d some?+ ( ,god & ,*ri/ 9 !m1 :i* may be made ! nucleus ( bett] ?+s1 & in/ead ( %utt+ ourselves up 9 a n>r[ sph]e ( sympa?ies1 seek out & try to develop ! good po9ts ( a g5]ally uncong5ial _s2 if we treat m5 z ,*ri/ treat$ !m1 c\nt+ t some:]e 9 e "o !re is a bett] m9d1 & ! trace ( ,god's f+] 9 creation1 we may ?us possibly sanctify an h\r :i* w\ld else be "o ( irksome con/ra9t1 & aft] :i* we might h be5 oppress$ ) a heavy feel+ t x _h be5 a wa/$ "o4 ,if a small trifle1 de/9$ to pur*ase "s p]sonal luxury or com=t1 be div]t$ to a *>itable & religi\s end1 ?is is ! regul> & /&+ sacrifice ( alms1 recogniz$ by ! ,scripture & ! ,liturgy4 ,& f9ally1 if we reg>d our "t z1 next to ,*ri/1 & ! ,holy ,_s1 ! mo/ preci\s gift ( ,god2 if we ga!r up ! fragm5ts & int]/ices ( x 9 a ?rifty & religi\s mann]1 & employ !m 9 "s ex]cise ( devotion or "s good & useful "w1 ?is1 too1 becomes a tribute :i* ,god w surely accept ) complac5cy1 if laid ^u 8 alt> & unit$ by fai? & a dev\t int5tion ) ! "o ,sacrifice ( our de> ,"l4 ,yes2 if laid ^u 8 alt>2 let u nev] =get or drop out ( sight t proviso4 ,x is ! alt>1 & ! alt> alone1 :i* sanctifie? ! gift4 ,ap>t f ,*ri/ & 8 p]fect sacrifice1 an acceptable gift is an impossibility = man4 ,= at be/ our gifts h 9 !m ! s9fulness ( our nature2 !y are mis]ably flaw$ by defectiv5ess ( motive1 duplicity ( aim1 infirmity ( w4 8,! pray]s ( all sa9ts10 :at =ce ( int]pretation mu/ !y h ) ,god1 if1 z we are sure1 8! effectual1 f]v5t pray] ( a0 7s+le7 8righte\s man availe? mu*60 ,yet :5 ,/4 ,john saw 9 a vision 8! pray]s ( all sa9ts0 (f]$ 8^u ! gold5 alt> :i* 0 be=e ! ?rone10 x 0 9 union ) t :i* alone c p]fume ! ta9t$ (fspr+s ( ev5 ! reg5]ate man4 8,!re 0 giv5 unto him mu* increase1 t he %\ld (f] x ) ! pray]s ( all sa9ts ^u ! gold5 alt> :i* is be=e ! ?rone40 ,! increase is ! int]cession ( ,jesus4 ,place y\r (f]+1 be x pray] or alms1 de$ or "w1 or submission--9 8 h&s = pres5tation2 pray him1 z y\r only prie/1 to transact = y ) ,god1 & he w d s4 ,& ! s5se ( ,god's favor %all %9e out ^u ?y (f]+2 & ! dew ( 8 bless+ %all desc5d ^u x1 & ye %all be gladd5$ ) y\r ,fa!r's smile4--,g\lburn4#c ,febru>y #bb4 ,heav51 z a place ( resid5ce & /ate ( enjoym5t1 %\ld always be view$ 9 contra/ ) e>?4 ,?is is a /ate ( pupilage & probation1 t ( dignity & promotion4 ,"h is conflict1 !re victory4 ,?is is ! race1 t ! goal4 ,"h we suff]1 !re we reign4 ,"h we are 9 exile1 !re at home4 ,on e>? we are /rang]s & pilgrims1 9 heav5 fell[ citiz5s ) ! sa9ts2 &1 releas$ f ! /rife & turmoil1 ! bitt]ness & regrets ( e>?1 are incorporat$ =ev] ) ! h\sehold ( ,god4 ,?is is triumph6 ,h[ /rik+ ! contra/6 ,h[ mu/ e>? & its trials be lo/ sight ( 9 su* a vision6 ,h[ mu/ ?is contra/ /r5g!n ! ties ( confid5ce1 & k9dle ! ardor ( devotion6 ,:at did ,moses c>e = ! p]ils ( ! wild]ness1 :51 f ! /orm-defy+ /eep ( ,pisgah1 he view$ ! l& ( promise1 imag+ =? ! gre5 fields ( heav5's et]nal spr+6 ,look at ,elijah1 ! immortal ,ti%bite1 ex*ang+ ! sighs & solitude ( 8 junip] %ade1 = :eels ( fire & /e$s ( w9d t bore him home to ,god6 ,look at ,paul--poor1 p]il$ & we>y1 amid ! j\rney+s & conflicts ( 8 mission3 ! h& t once /ret*$ ! /rong ea/]n t5t1 or wore ! dungeon's *a91 n[ sweeps 9 bolde/ /ra9 ! h>ps ( heav54''' ,look at ! ,*ri/ian ( apo/olic & e>ly times1 ex*ang+ ! clank+ ( 8 *a9s & ! curses ( 8 jailor--! dungeon's d5 & m>tyr's /ake--= ! notes ( gladness & l(ty an!m peal+ f lute & h>p1 b$eck$ ) et]nal am>an?6 ,! load ( *a9 ) :i* he w5t out to meet ! desc5d+ c> ( 8 triumph1 ) its angel escort1 0 a ri*] d[ry ?an ! jewels ( empire6 ,! tap] t flick]$ 9 ! dungeon ( ! sa9t$ h]o %ot a ray m glori\s ?an ev] spoke ! spl5dor ( ! full-orb$ moon6 ,:at are ! cr[ns or ! diadems ( all ?is _w's ma/]s or ,cs>s1 comp>$ ) ! prospects ( su* an expectant6 99 99 99 99 99 ,*ri/ians6 :at ne$ we c>e1 al?\gh on e>? we 7 s poor & l[ we _h nor purse nor pill[2 s few & trodd5 d[n we _h no p[]2 & hamlets1 huts & grottoes 7 ! places :]e we wept & pray$2 if ^! are to be ex*ang$ = a resid5ce amid ! jasp]s & *rysolites1 ! em]alds & sapphires ( ! heav5ly ,j]usalem6 ,:at ?\gh soil$ by ! du/ ( toil or damp ) ! dungeon's dew--/ruggl+ amid tatt]$ want along our lone & p]il$ pa?--:5 ev5 "h we f9d ourselves inve/$ ) glory 9 ! night ( our be+1 & su/a9$ by hopes guid+ & po9t+ u to ! temple hymn & ! heav5ly h>p above6 '''--,bascom4#d ,,home ,,/udies ,,9 ,,*emi/ry ,,& ,,physics4 ,,by ,,pr(4 ,j4 ,t4 ,,edw>ds1 ,d4,d4 ,director ( ! ,*autauqua ,s*ool ( ,exp]im5tal ,sci5ce4 ,,*emi/ry ,,( ,,fire4--,,anci5t ,,fancies4 ,9 all ages1 & among all nations1 fire has be5 reg>d$ ) peculi> int]e/4 ,( ! f\r great elem5ts s ess5tial to life--e>?1 air1 wat]1 fire--! la/ has (t5 be5 consid]$ z div9e 9 its orig9 & influ5ce4 ,to ! unsci5tific obs]v] x seems m ?an matt]1 & little less ?an _s4 ,contemplat+ a flame1 he sees t :ile x has =m1 x lacks solidity4 ,he may pass a sword ?r\gh x1 b l ! gho/ ( ! /ory1 no w\nd is made 9 its e!real sub/ance4 ,its t\* is s(t] ?an d[n1 b x p5etrates ! h>de/ sub/ances4 ,! diamond c>ves glass1 b flame de/roys ! diamond4 ,m5 e>ly f\nd t fire 0 directly connect$ ) _! com=t & progress1 & ev5 ess5tial to _! exi/5ce4 ,h[ !y fir/ obta9$ x is /ill matt] ( conjecture2 :e!r x 0 br\ght d[n f ! skies1 z ! anci5t ,greeks suppos$1 /ruck out f ! fl9ty rock1 evolv$ by ! friction ( dry wood1 k9dl$ by ! lightn+1 or obta9$ f ! flam+ tor* ( ! volcano1 we c n tell4 ,c]ta9 x is1 t hav+ once be5 obta9$1 all ! e>ly races 7 v c>eful to pres]ve x4 ,among _m x 0 reg>d$ z sacr$1 & kept p]petually burn+1 bo? 9 _! places ( wor%ip & 9 _! homes4 ,! (fic]s appo9t$ = its pres]vation 7 ( ! highe/ rank & influ5ce4 ,among ! titles assum$ by ,augu/us ,cs> 0 t ( keep] ( ! public fire4 ,:5ev] by accid5t ! fire 9 ! temple ( ,ve/a1 at ,rome1 0 ext+ui%$1 all public bus9ess 0 at once susp5d$1 because ! connection betwe5 heav5 & e>? 0 believ$ to be sev]$1 & mu/ be re/or$ be=e bus9ess c\ld prop]ly proce$4 ,grecian coloni/s c>ri$ fire to _! new homes f ! alt> ( ,he/ia4 ,! 8,prytaneum0#a ( ! anci5t ,greeks & ,romans 0 a place :]e ! national fire 0 kept always burn+2 x 0 "h ! p ga!r$1 =eign ambassadors receiv$1 & hospitalities ( ! /ate 7 (f]$4 ,"h1 too1 heads ( families obta9$ coals = light+ _! h\sehold fires1 :i* 9 turn became sacr$1 s t e he>? 0 an alt>1 :]e resid$ ! ,l>es & ,p5ates1 ! gods :o presid$ ov] ! welf>e ( ! home4 ,fancies ak9 to ^! beliefs ( old5 "t may /ill be f\nd among ! nations ( ! ,ea/ & 9 nor!rn ,europe4 ,,mod]n ,,fallacies4 ,no correct ideas ( combu/ion 7 atta9$ until ! "t ( ,lavoisi]4#b ,?is great ,fr5* savant gave precision & accuracy to ! inve/igations ( *emical sci5ce by ! introduction ( ! balance4 ,he disprov$ ! !ory t 8wat] is ! ultimate pr9ciple ( all ?+s10 & prep>$ ! way = a cle> appreh5sion ( ! tru? t matt]1 ?\gh con/antly *ang+ its =m1 is nev] de/roy$4 ,he also ann\nc$ ! correct !ory ( combu/ion4 ,until ?is "t sci5ti/s _h held :at 0 call$ ! 8,phlogi/on#c ,!ory40 ,we c b smile at ! absurdity ( ?is belief1 & yet no hypo!sis 0 ev] taught m positively1 or ma9ta9$ m t5aci\sly4 ,x decl>$1 9 brief1 t :5 sub/ances burn$1 !y p>t$ ) a c]ta9 mat]ial call$ phlogi/on4 ,:51 at l5g?1 its advocates 7 ask$ to expla9 ! fact1 discov]$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ly1#e t quicksilv]1 :5 burn$1 weigh$ m ?an be=e1 !y 7 =c$ to put =w>d ! ridicul\s /atem5t t phlogi/on possess$ ! prop]ty ( 8buoyancy0 s t :5 x 0 conta9$ 9 a body its weight 0 less5$2 :i* 0 z wise z ! brilliant supposition t a p]son c lift himself ov] a f5ce by tugg+ at 8 boot /raps4 ,aft] a fi]ce /ruggle !y 7 =c$ to confess t !y _h plac$ 8! c>t be=e ! horse40 ,! tru? 0 precisely opposite to _! /atem5t4 ,sub/ances :5 !y burn take up some?+ in/ead ( giv+ x (f4 ,t some?+ is oxyg51 & a body :5 burn$1 if x c be weigh$1 w be f\nd to weigh z mu* m z ! add$ weight ( ! oxyg5 :i* has unit$ ) x4 ,example3 ,iron-ru/ is iron1 plus oxyg54 ,illu/ration3 ,,magnesium ,,ribbon ,,burn+1 ,,& ,,produc+ ,,magnesic ,,oxide 7,mg,o74#d ,,! ,,true ,,explanation4 ,we %all "h conf9e ourselves to ! consid]ation ( ! heat & light produc$ by *emical action4 ,x w be rememb]$ t by ?is t]m 7*emical action7 is meant ! process ( unit+ two or m diff]5t elem5ts to =m a comp\nd diff]5t f ei!r4 ,we usually consid] air ess5tial to combu/ion1 b ?is is n necess>ily ! fact4 ,gold foil or p[d]$ antimony1 dropp$ into a j> ( *lor9e1 spontane\sly ignites4 ,ev5 9 ! int]ior ( ! e>?1 heat mu/ be produc$ by ! unit+ ( any elem5ts t h an aff9ity = ea* o!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,boracic ,,acid ,,imp>ts ,a ,,gre5 ,,color ,,to ,,! ,,flame ,,( ,,alcohol4#f ,! mo/ common ag5t ( combu/ion is oxyg54 ,( ?is int]e/+ gas "s description has be5 giv5 9 a prec$+ article4 ,x is ! fruitful s\rce ( almo/ all ( our artificial heat4 ,! fall5 tree 9 ! =e/ is sl[ly consum$ by x1 n less surely ?an ! flam+ wood & coal 9 our /oves4 ,! human body is a furnace4 ,9 ! m9ute corpuscles#g ( ! blood1 c>bon is unit+ ) oxyg5 z c]ta9ly z are ! p>ticles ( c>bon 9 ! flame ( our lamps4 ,oxyg5 is ! scav5g] t p>tially cleans our gutt]s4 ,x is a bird ( prey t dev\rs ! (fal 9 our fields & woods4 ,x is no?+ less ?an ! gnaw+ too? ( old ,fa!r ,"t himself1 :i* crumbles cities & de/roys all ?+s4 ,combu/ion1 z we n[ "k x1 consi/s simply 9 ! union ( "s combu/ible mat]ial ) oxyg54 ,! g5]ic t]m = all ?is action is 8oxidation40 ,= conv5i5ce1 special names are giv5 to p>ticul> modes4 ,:5 metallic oxidation occurs we call ! product 8ru/+40 ,:5 oxyg5 unites ) vegetable matt] we call x decay+ or rott+2 :5 ) animal sub/ances we t]m x rott+ or putrefaction4 ,:5 flame is produc$1 ! ^w combu/ion or burn+ is us$4 ,! am\nt ( heat g5]at$ is1 9 all cases1 proportion$ to ! am\nt ( *emical action4 ,great +5uity & skill h be5 %[n 9 ! discov]y & utilization ( mat]ials be/ calculat$ to comb9e readily ) oxyg54 ,to ^!1 z a class1 has be5 appli$ ! t]m ,,hydro-,,c>bons4 ,all sub/ances compos$ ess5tially ( ! elem5ts1 hydrog5 & c>bon1 w\ld come "u ?is designation4 ,^! w\ld include coal1 wood1 petroleum1 ! fats1 res9s1 wax & _m o!rs1 ) "s ( ! gases1 among :i* may be nam$ light & heavy c>burett$ hydrog51 ,,* & ,c,h respectively4 ,illu/ration3 ,,phosphorus ,,burn+ ,,9 ,,oxyg54#h ,9 ! days ( our gr&fa!rs tall[ c&les 7 almo/ univ]sally employ$ = light+ h\ses1 & wood = w>m+ !m4 ,x w\ld n be impossible to f9d ev5 n[1 9 our own c\ntry1 homes illum9at$ 787 by a rag burn+ 9 a sauc] ( fat4 ,"s ( u are n too "y to rememb] ! bundle ( c&le-rods--nice1 /raight /icks us$ 9 dipp+ c&les--snugly put away = t purpose1 alas6 sometimes summon$ =? to assi/ 9 en=c+ family discipl9e6 ,illu/ration3 ,,gre5 ,,fire ,,color$ ,,by ,a ,,salt ,,( ,,b>ium4#i ,/r&s ( twi/$ cotton wick 7 susp5d$ f ^! /icks1 & successively dipp$ into a kettle ( hot tall[1 until ext]nal additions made !m ( ! requisite size4 ,t9 c&le m\lds f9ally sup]s$$ ^!4 ,!n ! wick 0 susp5d$ 9 ! c5t] & ! fat p\r$ 94 ,9 cool+1 ! c&les contract$1 & s slipp$ easily f ! m\lds4 ,wax c&les c n be ca/ 9 m\lds1 z !y exp& 9 cool+4 ,!y are made by p\r+ successive additions ^u !m4 ,!y are aft]w>d giv5 symmetrical =m by roll+ & %ap+4 ,along ! sea coa/ ,i h se5 wom5 & *ildr5 ga!r+ bay b]ries1#aj a fruit ab\t z l>ge z a gra9 ( black pepp] & cov]$ ) a grayi%-:ite1 fragrant wax4 ,:5 ^! se$s are plac$ 9 hot wat] ! wax dissolves & s]ves ! same purpose z tall[1 mak+ delightfully aromatic c&les4 ,_m ( ! hydro-c>bons possess an agreeable odor4 ,sometimes ! woodm5 ga!r ! b>k & *ips ( ! hickory to smoke hams & %\ld]s on acc\nt ( ! peculi>ly pleasant flavor !y imp>t4 ,9 burn+1 a c&le or lamp becomes a gas factory1 manufactur+ & consum+ its own product4 ,! flame consi/s ( ?ree cones4 ,! fir/1 t next to ! wick1 is compos$ solely ( gas4 ,x is n hot1 z c be %[n by ?ru/+ ! end ( a mat* into x1 ! mat* w n ignite4 ,if ! mat* be plac$ across ! flame at ! same po9t x w burn at ! edges1 b n 9 ! c5t]4 ,a m /rik+ illu/ration ( ! fact t ! flame is hot only :]e x comes 9 contact ) ! air1 c be %[n 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,place on ! bottom ( an inv]t$ plate "s alcohol1 9 ! c5t] set a t9y sauc] conta9+ p[d]2 ignite ! alcohol1 & ! p[d] w rema9 undi/urb$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! surr\nd+ flame until a draft br+s ! edge ( ! flame aga9/ ! p[d]1 :5 x w at once explode4 ,look /eadily at ! flame ( an ord9>y c&le & y c readily disc]n ! ?ree cones2 ! fir/ is gas1 ! second gas 9 rapid comb9ation ) ! oxyg5 ( ! air1 ! ?ird ! products ( ?is comb9ation--wat]y vapor1 c>bonic anhydride1 &1 possibly1 "s unconsum$ c>bon4 ,illu/ration3 ,,r$ ,,fire ,,color$ ,,by ,a ,,salt ,,( ,,/rontium4#aa ,! process t goes on 9 our /oves is ess5tially ! same4 ,! c>bon & hydrog5 ( ! wood or coal unite ) ! oxyg5 t passes ?r\gh ! draft4 ,n[ note a wond]ful provision = our com=t4 ,x has already be5 rem>k$ t ! product ( combu/ion consi/s ( ! ?+ burn$1 plus oxyg54 ,suppose1 9 ! case ( our fires1 ?is product 7 a solid1 we %\ld !n be =c$ to take out ( ! /ove m mat]ial ?an we put 94 ,! ,creator has1 h[ev]1 provid$ t ^! result+ mat]ials %all take ! =m ( gas or vapor1 s t !y c float away4 ,! a%es t rema9 =m b a small "p ( ! :ole4 ,! two mo/ common products ( combu/ion are wat]y vapor & c>bonic anhydride4 ,! illum9ation ( our t[ns & cities has long be5 accompli%$ by ! use ( gas manufactur$ f coal4 ,bitum9\s coal is us$ = ?is purpose1 & ! process consi/s 9 heat+ x to de/ructive di/illation1 & aft]w>d cond5s+ & absorb+ su* portions ( ! volatiliz$ mat]ials z might clog ! gas pipes or int]f]e ) p]fect combu/ion4 ,nature1 x is n[ kn[n1 has h] own gas works1 on an imm5se scale4 ,?irty-five ye>s ago ! village ( ,fr$onia1 ,n4 ,y41 0 p>tially light$ ) gas1 & ! supply is /ill unexhau/$4 ,inde$1 ( late1 _m private individuals h sunk pipes two or ?ree hundr$ feet1 & ?us suppli$ _! homes ) gas = illum9at+1 heat+1 & cook+ purposes4 ,9 ,butl] & ,mc,kean c\nties1 ,p5nsylvania1 ! production ( ^! gas wells is enorm\s4 ,_m h be5 burn+ day & night = ye>s1 :ile o!rs h be5 utiliz$ = heat+ & light+ t[ns & cities4 ,gas is n[ ext5sively us$ 9 roll+ mills = smelt+ iron4 ,petroleum1 or rock oil1 :i* is usually associat$ ) ?is natural gas1 has n[ become ( imm5se value to ?is & o!r l&s4 ,x is "o ( ! *ief articles ( export f ?is c\ntry1 rank+ p]haps z f\r?4 ,wells h rec5tly be5 /ruck 9 ,p5nsylvania t fl[$ #e1jjj & #f1jjj b>rels p] day4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sodium ,,burn+ ,,on ,,hot ,,wat]4#ab ,!re is reason to believe t ?is mat]ial is ! product ( di/illation ( organic matt] 9 ! e>?4 ,x is f\nd 9 por\s rock1 usually co>se s&1 at dep?s v>y+ f ?ree hundr$ to two ?\s& feet4 ,:5 ! rock above ! s& conta9+ oil is tight1 ! gas is (t5 reta9$1 :i* by its expansion presses ^u ! oil & =ces x to ! surface ?r\gh ! pipes put d[n = ?is purpose4 ,?is produces a fl[+ well4 ,:5 ! gas has escap$ a pump is necess>y4 ,! mo/ useful hydro-c>bon n[ employ$ is coal4 ,its use 0 fir/ introduc$ 9 ! latt] "p ( ! twelf? c5tury1 & z late z ! ?irte5? c5tury petitions 7 made by resid5ts ( ,london dem&+ its exclusion1 on acc\nt ( its injuri\s effect on ! heal?4 ,b n[1 ,great ,brita9 m9es annually m ?an "o hundr$ million tons ( coal4 ,its uses are manifold4 ,by x ,engl& has multipli$ h] p[] a ?\s& fold4 ,x is almo/ always employ$ 9 g5]at+ /eam1 & ! aggregate /eam p[] ( ,engl& is equal to ! productive labor+ =ce ( f\r hundr$ millions ( m51 or 8twice ! p[] ( ! adult work+ population ( ! globe40 ,mo/ c\ntries "k its value4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p\r+ ,,c>bon ,,di-,,oxide ,,f ,,"o ,,vessel ,,into ,,ano!r ,,to ,,ext+ui% ,,flame4#ac ,coal is ! key t unlocks = u ! treasures ( ! iron ore4 ,x seizes ^u ! oxyg5 9 ! ore1 & lib]ates ! pure metal4 ,by a wond]ful provision !y (t5 exi/ 9 ! same m\nta91 side by side4 ,i h se5 9 ,p5nsylvania1 runn+ out ( ! same tunnel 9 ! hills1 c> loads ( coal & iron ore4 ,among ! _m advantages possess$ by our own c\ntry is our imm5se /ore ( ?is preci\s hydro-c>bon4 ,) an area ( #cjj1jjj1jjj miles ( t]ritory1 we h m ?an #bjj1jjj squ>e miles ( kn[n coal produc+ area1 or "o 9 fifte54 ,great ,brita9 has "o-half ( ! coal fields ( all ,europe1 b ev5 %e has b "o squ>e mile ( coal to tw5ty squ>e miles ( t]ritory4 ,beside1 our coal seams are ( great ?ickness1 & lie comp>atively ne> ! surface4 ,9 ! f> ,we/1 va/ fields ( lignite#ad h be5 discov]$1 s t !re seems no prospect ( our exhau/+ our fuel supply = ages to come4 ,! diamond is cry/alliz$ c>bon1 & c be burn$1 ?\gh "o w\ld h>dly c>e to be w>m$ by s co/ly a fire4 ,cleopatra1 9 a freak ( extravagance1 dissolv$ a wond]ful pe>l1 b :o c\ld ?9k ( ! wise que5 ( ,engl& us+ 9 s wa/eful a mann] h] ,koh9oor4#ae ,six ( ! great diamonds ( ! _w are call$1 by way ( em95ce1 8,! ,p>agons10 & a romantic int]e/ has be5 atta*$ to ?is =m ( c>bon among all nations4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 h[ev]1 ! black diamonds ( ! coal pit are m int]e/+1 & ( f> great] value to mank9d ?an ^! glitt]+ gems f ,golconda1#af ,brazil & ! ,d>k ,cont95t4#ag ,,temp]ance ,,tea*+s ,,( ,,sci5ce2 ,,or1 ,,! ,,poison ,,problem4 ,,by ,,felix ,l4 ,,oswald1 ,m4,d4 ,,*apt] ,v4--,,prohibition4 8,rugg$ or n1 !re is no o!r way40--,lu!r4 ,! *ampions ( temp]ance h to cont5d ) two *ief adv]s>ies--ignorance & organiz$ crime4 ,! well-organiz$ liquor league c boa/ ( lead]s ^: want ( pr9ciples is n ext5uat$ by want ( in=mation1 & :o delib]ately s*eme to co9 ! mis]y ( _! fell[m5 into doll>s & c5ts4 ,b ! ma*9ations ( su* enemies ( mank9d w\ld n h avail$ !m aga9/ ! p[] ( public op9ion1 if _! cunn+ _h n f\nd a pot5t ally 9 ! ignorance1 n ( _! victims only1 b ( _! passive oppon5ts4 ,we ne$ ! moral & intellectual support ( a l>g] class ( our fell[-citiz5s1 be=e we c hope to secure ! effectual aid ( legal rem$ies1 & 9 t direction ! *ief ob/acles to ! progress ( our cause h be5 ! prevail+ misconceptions on ! foll[+ po9ts3 #a4 ,,compet5ce ,,( ,,legislative ,,p[]4--,!re c be no d\bt t ! legislative au?ority ev5 ( civiliz$ gov]nm5ts has be5 frequ5tly misappli$4 ,! mo/ compet5t expon5ts ( political economy agree t ! /ate has no bus9ess to m$dle 9 su* affairs z ! fluctuation ( m>ket prices1 ! rate ( int]e/1 ! fre$om ( int]national traffic4 ,on m ?an "o occasion ,european gov]nm5ts1 hav+ attempt$ to regulate ! price ( bread-/uffs1 etc41 7 taught ! folly ( su* int]f]5ce by comm]cial dead-locks & ! impossibility ( procur+ ! necess>ies ( life at ! prescrib$ price1 & 7 ?us compell$ to rem$y ! mis*ief by repeal+ _! enactm5ts4 ,usury laws t5d to increase1 in/ead ( decreas+1 ! rate ( int]e/1 by oblig+ ! usur] to indemnify himself = ! disadvantage ( ! additional risk4 ,! attempt to increase national rev5ues by en=c+ an artificial balance ( trade has ev] defeat$ its own object4 ,x is almo/ equally c]ta9 t compulsory *>ities d on ! :ole m h>m ?an good4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re are no m und\bt$ly legitimate functions ( gov]nm5t ?an ! suppression1 & !1 if possible1 prev5tion1 ( crime1 & ! en=cem5t ( heal? laws2 & x c be demon/rat$ by e rule ( logic & equity t ! liquor traffic c be held am5able 9 bo? respects4 ,! favorite argum5t ( our oppon5ts is ! di/9ction ( crime & vice4 ,= ! latt]1 !y tell u1 society has no rem$y1 except 9 z mu* z ! natural consequ5ces 7disease1 de/itution1 etc47 are apt to recoil on ! p]son ( ! p]petrator2 ! evil ( intemp]ance !re=e is beyond ! rea* ( ! law4 ,we may fully conc$e ! premises )\t admitt+ ! cog5cy ( ! conclusion4 ,! suspect$ possession or private use ( intoxicat+ liquors w\ld h>dly ju/ify ! issue ( a se>* w>rant1 b ! p5alties ( ! law c ) full ju/ice be direct$ aga9/ ! manufactur] or v5d] :o seeks ga9 by tempt+ 8 fell[m5 to indulge 9 a poison infallibly injuri\s 9 any quantity1 & infallibly t5d+ to ! developm5t ( a body & s\l corrupt+ habit2 !y may ) equal ju/ice be direct$ aga9/ ! consum]1 /upefi$ or brutaliz$ by ! effects ( t poison4 ,! rumsell] has no "r to plead ! cons5t ( 8 victim4 ,! abs5ce ( viol5ce or 8malice prep5se10#a is a plea t w\ld legalize "s ( ! wor/ (f5ses aga9/ society4 ,! p$dl] ( obsc5e lit]ature poisons ! s\ls ( our *ildr5 )\t a %ad[ ( ill-w aga9/ 8 individual cu/om]4 ,! gambl]1 ! lott]y-%>k1 use no mann] ( =ce 9 ! pursuit ( _! prey4 ,by :at logic c we ju/ify ! int]diction ( _! indu/ry & condemn t ( ! liquor traffic8 ,by ! crit]ion ( comp>ative h>mlessness8 ,h all ! indec5cies publi%$ s9ce ! inv5tion ( pr9t+ occasion$ ! ?\s&? "p ( ! mis]y caus$ by ! ye>ly & inevitable consequ5ces ( ! poison vice8 ,! lott]y play] may lose or w91 b ! cu/om] ( ! liquor v5d] is doom$ to loss z soon z he approa*es ! dram-%op4 ,! damage su/a9$ by ! habitual play] may be conf9$ to a loss ( money1 :ile ! habitual drunk>d is sure to suff] 9 heal?1 "* & reputation1 z well z 9 purse4 ,& %all we condone ! conduct ( ! befuddl$ drunk>d on acc\nt ( a tempor>y susp5se ( consci\s reason8 ,t v dem5tation con/itutes 8 (f5se4 ,8 actions may or may n result 9 actual mis*ief1 b he has put ! decision ( t ev5t beyond 8 control4 ,! man :o gallops headlong ?r\gh cr[d$ /reets is puni%$ = 8 reckless disreg>d ( o!r m5's safety1 ?\gh ! ho(s ( 8 horse may h fail$ to inflict any actual injury4 ,a m5ag]ie keep] w\ld be arre/$1 if n lyn*$1 = turn+ a city into a p&emonium by lett+ loose 8 be>s & hy5as1 & = ! same reason no man %\ld be p]mitt$ to turn himself into a wild bea/4 8,virtue mu/ come f )910 says ,pr(4 ,newman2#b 8to ?is problem religion & morality mu/ direct !mselves4 ,b vice may come f )\t2 to h9d] ?is is ! c>e ( ! /atesman40 ,& "h1 z else:]e1 prev5tion is bett] ?an cure4 ,by obviat+ ! temptations ( ! dram-%op a progressive vice ) an incalculable tra9 ( mis*iev\s consequ5ces may be nipp$ 9 ! bud4 ,p5al legislation is a %am if x takes cognizance ( moral evils only aft] !y h pass$ ! curable /age4 8,x is m]e mock]y10 says ,c>d9al ,mann+1#c 8to ask u to put d[n drunk5ness by moral & religi\s means1 :5 ! legislature facilitates ! multiplication ( ! incitem5ts to intemp]ance on e side4 ,y might z well call ^u me z a capta9 ( a %ip & say3 #8,:y don't y pump ! wat] out :5 x is s9k+1' :5 y are scuttl+ ! %ip 9 e direction4 ,if y w cut (f ! supply ( temptation1 ,i w be b\nd by ! help ( ,god to conv]t drunk>ds1 b until y h tak5 (f ?is p]petual supply ( intoxicat+ dr9k we nev] c cultivate ! fields4 ,let ! legislature d its "p & we w answ] = ! re/40 ,all civiliz$ nations h recogniz$ n only ! "r b ! duty ( legislative au?orities to adopt ! mo/ /r+5t measures = ! prev5tion ( contagi\s disease2 yet all epidemics tak5 toge!r h n caus$ half z mu* loss ( life & heal? z ! plague ( ! poison vice4 #b4 ,,magnitude ,,( ,,! ,,evil4--,s9ce heal? & fre$om began to be recogniz$ z ! prim>y conditions ( human welf>e1 ! conviction is ga9+ gr\nd t ! pr9ciples ( our legislative sy/em ne$ a g5]al revision4 ,x 0 a /ep 9 ! "r direction :5 ! lawgiv]s ( ! ,middle ,ages began to realize ! tru? t ! lib]ty ( individual action %\ld be sacrific$ only to urg5t consid]ation ( public welf>e1 b ! modifi$ !ories on ! comp>ative importance ( ^! consid]ations h inaugurat$ a /ill m important re=m4 ,p5al codes gradually ceas$ to en=ce c]emonies & ab/ruse dogmas & to ignore mon/r\s municipal & sanit>y abuses4 ,! "t has pass$ :5 legislators rag$ ) extreme p5alties aga9/ ! propag&i/s ( speculative !ories & ignor$ ! propagation ( slum diseases1 yet1 aft] all1 !re is /ill a l+]+ belief 9 ! m9ds ( _m contempor>ies t intemp]ance1 z a physical evil1 a 8m]e dietetic excess10 does n ju/ify ! invasion ( p]sonal lib]ty4 ,!y w\ld cons5t to re/rict ! fre$om ( ?\ght & spee* r ?an ! lic5se ( ! rum-deal]1 yet ! t5d5cy ( a progressive advance 9 public op9ion promises ! adv5t ( a "t :5 t lic5se w appe> ! *ief anomaly ( ! pres5t age4 ,! numb]less m9ute prescriptions & int]dicts ( our law books & _! sil5ce on ! crime ( ! liquor traffic w make x difficult = com+ ages to compreh5d ! intellectual /atus ( a g5]ation t c\ld wage su* uncompromis+ w> aga9/ microscopic gnats & cons5t to gratify ! gre$ ( a mon/r\s vampire4 #c4 ,,self-,,correct+ ,,abuses4--,mod]n physicians admit t v>i\s =ms ( disease :i* 7 =m]ly treat$ ) dra/ic drugs c be safely tru/$ to ! heal+ ag5cies ( nature4 ,_m social evils1 too1 t5d to "w out _! own cure4 ,high m>kets enc\rage competition & h l$ to a r$uction ( prices4 ,luxury leads to en=c$ economy by r$uc+ ! res\rces ( ! sp5d?rift4 ,di%one/ tradesm5 lose cu/om1 & a ,g]man gov]nm5t t us$ to f9e editors = publi%+ unv]ifi$ rumors might h left x to ! subscrib]s to )draw _! patronage f a purveyor ( unreliable news4 ,b !re are c]ta9 causes ( disease t dem& ! int]f]5ce ( art4 ,poisons1 especially1 require artificial antidotes4 ,if a *ild has mi/ak5 ars5ic = sug>1 its life commonly dep5ds on ! timely arrival ( a physician4 ,! organism may rid itself ( a surfeit1 b is unable to elim9ate ! virus ( a sk9 disease4 ,alcoholism belongs to ! same class ( disord]s4 ,we ne$ n legislate aga9/ corsets2 ! absurdities ( fa%ion *ange & vani% l fleet+ cl\ds1 & _! vot>ies may welcome ! *ange2 b drunk>ds w\ld rema9 slaves ( _! vice ?\gh ! v]dict ( public op9ion %\ld h made dram-dr9k+ extremely unfa%ionable4 ,! morbid passion transmitt$ f sire to son1 & /r5g!n$ by ye>s ( indulg5ce1 w\ld defy all moral re/ra9ts & yield only to ! practical impossibility to obta9 ! object ( its desire4 8,a numb] ( ye>s ago10 says ,dr4 ,isaac ,j5n+s1 8,i 0 call$ to ! %ipy>d 9 ,d]by1 to see ,john ,b41 a man ab\t ?irty ye>s ( age1 ( naturally /\t1 robu/ con/itution1 :o _h fall5 f a scaffold 9 a fit1 head fir/ ^u a spike bel[4 ,9 my visit to dress ! w\nd$ head1 ,i spoke to him ( ! folly & dang] ( cont9u+ to indulge 8 habit ( dr9k+1 & obta9$ f him a promise t he w\ld ab&on x4 ,n long aft] ,i le>n$ t he 0 dr9k+ aga91 & rem9d$ him ( 8 promise4 ,8 excuse 01 t x w\ld n d = him to ab&on ! practice ( dr9k+ sudd5ly4 ,a few weeks aft] ?is he call$ at my (fice & reque/$ me to ble$ him1 or d some?+ to prev5t a fit1 = he felt mu* z he did a %ort "t be=e hav+ ! la/ fit4 ,i said to him1 #8,john1 sit d[n "h ) me & let u consid] y\r case a little4' ,i drew two pictures & held be=e him2 "o pres5t$ a wife & ?ree little *ildr5 ) a circle ( fri5ds made happy & himself respectable & useful 9 society2 ! o!r1 a wret*$ family1 & himself m\ld]+ 9 a drunk>d's grave2 & appeal$ to him to decide :i* %\ld prove to be ! true picture4 ,! poor fell[ bur/ into te>s & wept l a *ild4 ,:5 he _h recov]$ himself f sobb+ s t he c\ld speak he said3 #8,doctor1 to tell y ! tru?1 x is n t ,i am afraid ( ! consequ5ces ( /opp+ sudd5ly t ,i d n give up dr9k+4 ,i c n d x4 ,i h tri$ & tri$ aga91 b x is all 9 va94 ,sometimes ,i h gone a numb] ( weeks )\t dr9k+1 & ,i flatt]$ myself t ! temptation 0 gone1 b x return$1 & n[ if !re 0 a spot on e>? :]e m5 liv$ & c\ld n get spirits1 & ,i c\ld get !re1 ,i w\ld />t 9 a m9ute4' ,i ?\ght ,i _h und]/ood some?+ ( ! difficulties ( h>d dr9k]s be=e1 b ?is gave me a new impression ( ! matt]1 & mo/ solemnly did ,i *>ge myself to d :at ,i c\ld to make a spot on e>? :]e m5 c\ld live & c\ldn't get spirits40 #d4 ,,less] ,,evils4--,ev5 9 a /rict] =m ?an any rational fri5d ( temp]ance w\ld desire its en=cem5t1 prohibition w\ld n involve any consequ5ces t c\ld possibly make ! cure a great] evil ?an ! disease4 ,! pr$ict$ a*+ void result+ f ! expurgation ( be]-tunnels c\ld be fill$ by heal?i] means ( recreation4 ,! grief ( ! sup]s$$ poison-mong]s w\ld n outweigh ! m\nta9-load ( mis]y & woe :i* ! aboli%m5t ( _! curs$ trade w\ld lift f ! %\ld]s ( ! nation4 ,:5 ! /ate ( ,i[a decl>$ = prohibition ! oppon5ts ( t am5dm5t bemoan$ ! loss entail$ by ! dep>ture ( 8s _m indu/ri\s & respectable citiz5s10 i4 e41 f ! exodus ( ! rumsell]s6 ,we might j z well be ask$ to bewail ! doom ( ! ,?ugs#d z ! subv]sion ( a prosp]\s indu/ry4 ,we might z well be reque/$ to sympa?ize ) ! respectable bloodh\nd-tra9]s & kn\t-manufactur]s :om ! abolition ( slav]y ?rew out ( employm5t4 ,! liquor deal] has no "r to compla9 ab\t ! rigor ( a law t p]mits him to dep>t ) ! spoils ( su* a trade4 ,we are told t ! m]e rumor ( ,ma9e laws has det]r$ _m =eign]s f mak+ _! homes ) u2 t ! ,russian peasants decl9e to come )\t _! brew]s & di/ill]s1 & t by g5]al prohibition we w\ld risk to r$uce our immigration f e c\ntry ( nor!rn ,europe4 ,we mu/ take t risk1 & let ,muscovites rot 9 ! bogs ( ! ,volga if !y c n accept our hospitality )\t turn+ our bread corn into poison4 ,our utilit>ian fri5ds w\ld h>dly p]suade u to legalize cannibalism 9 ord] to enc\rage a l>g] immigration ( ,fiji isl&]s4 ,! abs5ce ( su* gue/s might n prove an unqualifi$ evil4 ,i %all n insult ! intellig5ce ( my read]s by repeat+ ! drivel ( ! wret*es :o w\ld weigh ! r$uction ( rev5ues aga9/ ! happ9ess ( a hell-deliv]$ nation1 & ,i w only m5tion ! reply ( a ,briti% f9anci] :o e/imates t ! increase ( national prosp]ity w\ld (fset t r$uction 9 less ?an five ye>s4 #e4 ,,efficacy ,,( ,,prohibition4--,w prohibition prev5t ! use ( intoxicat+ liquor8 ,n :olly1 b x w answ] its purpose4 ,x w bani% di/ill]ies to secret m\nta9 gl5s & hidd5 cell>s4 ,x w drive ! man-traps ( ! poison-mong] f ! public /reets4 ,x w save our boys f a hundr$ temptations2 x w help ?\s&s ( re=m$ drunk>ds to keep _! pl$ge2 x w re/ore peace & pl5ty to _m hundr$ ?\s& homes4 ,m ?an a c5tury ago ! philosoph] ,leibnitz#e ma9ta9$ t ! pl5>y suppression ( ! liquor traffic w\ld be ! mo/ effectual means = re=m+ ! moral /atus ( civiliz$ nations1 & exp]i5ce has s9ce fully demon/rat$ ! correctness ( t op9ion4 ,a memor&um endors$ by a l>ge numb] ( /ati/ical v\*]s describes ! effect ( prohibition 9 ,sw$53 8,! nation rose & fell1 grew prosp]\s & happy1 or mis]able & degrad$1 z its rul]s & law-mak]s re/ra9$ or p]mitt$ ! manufacture & sale ( t :i* all along ! track ( its hi/ory has seem$ to be ! nation's greate/ curse40 ''' 8,! vigor\sly ma9ta9$ prohibition aga9/ spirits 9 #agec-agef1 & aga9 9 #aggb-agge1 prov$ ! enorm\s b5efits effect$ 9 moral1 economical1 & o!r respects1 by ab/95ce f intoxicat+ spirits40 ''' 8,?is x is :i* has s help$ ,sw$5 to em]ge f moral & mat]ial pro/ration1 & expla9s ! exi/5ce ( su* g5]al indications 9 t c\ntry ( com=t & indep5d5ce among all classes40 ,f ! ,ed9burgh ,review = ,janu>y1 #ahgc1 we le>n t 9 eighty-n9e private e/ates 9 ,engl& & ,scotl&1 8! dr9k traffic has be5 altoge!r suppress$1 ) ! happie/ social results4 ,! late ,"l ,palm]/on#f suppress$ ! be] %ops 9 ,romsey z ! leases fell 94 ,we "k an e/ate :i* /ret*es = miles along ! romantic %ore ( ,lo* ,fyne1#g :]e no :iskey is all[$ to be sold4 ,! peasants & fi%]m5 are fl\ri%+4 ,!y h all _! money 9 ! bank1 & !y obta9 high] wages ?an _! neighbors :5 !y g to sea0--a pro( t a small oasis ( temp]ance c ma9ta9 its prosp]ity 9 ! mid/ ( poison-blight$ communities4 ,"h & !re ! wiles ( ! poison-mong]s w und\bt$ly succe$ 9 evad+ ! law1 b _! p[] = mis*ief w be dim9i%$ z t ( ! gambl+-hell 0 dim9i%$ 9 ,homburg & ,bad51#h :]e temptation 0 remov$ out ( ! track ( ! un9itiat$ till ! ho/ ( victims dw9dl$ away = want ( recruits4 ,n ! prompt+s ( an innate passion1 b ! *>m ( artificial allurem5ts is ! gate by :i* n9ety-n9e out ( a hundr$ drunk>ds h ent]$ ! road to ru94 ,x w\ld be an und]/atem5t to say t ! temptation ( m9ors w be r$uc$ a hundr$ fold :]ev] ! total am\nt ( sales has be5 r$uc$ z mu* z five fold--a result :i* has be5 f> exce$$1 ev5 "u ! pres5t imp]fect sy/em ( legal control4 8,9 ! c\rse ( my duty z an ,int]nal ,rev5ue (fic]10 says ,sup]9t5d5t ,haml9 ( ,bangor1 8,i h become ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) ! /ate & ext5t ( ! liquor traffic 9 ,ma9e1 & ,i h no hesitation 9 say+ t ! be] trade is n m ?an "o p] c5t4 ( :at ,i rememb] x to h be51 & ! trade 9 di/ill$ liquors is n m ?an t5 p] c5t4 ( :at x 0 =m]ly40 8,i ?9k ,i am ju/ifi$ 9 say+10 reports ! ,attorney-,g5]al1 8t !re is n an op5 b> = ! sale ( intoxicat+ liquor 9 ?is c\nty0 7,&roscogg91 includ+ ! manufactur+ di/rict ( ,lewi/on--once a v hotb$ ( ! rum traffic74 8,9 ! city ( ,bidde=d1 a manufactur+ place ( #aa1jjj inhabitants1 = a mon? at a "t n a s+le arre/ = drunk5ness has be5 made or become necess>y40 ,& f ,augu/a 7! capital ( ! /ate73 8,if we 7 to say t ! quantity ( liquor sold "h is n "o-t5? z l>ge z =m]ly1 we ?9k x w\ld be )9 ! tru?2 & ! favorable effects ( ! *ange ^u all ! int]e/s ( ! /ate are pla9ly se5 ev]y:]e40 8,x is p]haps n necess>y10 says ! ,bo/on ,globe1 ( ,july #bi1 #ahge1 8to dwell on ! evils ( intemp]ance1 & yet p seldom ?9k h[ great a proportion ( ^! might be prev5t$ by driv+ ! iniquity into its hid+ places1 & prev5t+ x f com+ =? to lure its victims f among ! unw>y & comp>atively guileless4 ,few "y m5 :o are wor? sav+1 or are likely to be sav$ to dec5cy & virtue1 w\ld seek x out if x 7 kept f sight4 ,b :5 x comes =? 9 gay & allur+ colors1 x draws a procession ( our y\? into a pa? t has an awful t]m9ation4 ,nor does ! evil :i* spr+s f an op5 tol]ation ( ! way 9 :i* ?is vice c>ries on its traffic ( de/ruction fall only on m54 ,a sad proportion ( its victims is made up f %op girls & ab&on$ wom5 :o are n s infatuat$ at ! />t t !y w\ld plunge into a life ( infamy if its temptations 7 /rictly "u ! ban1 & kept widely sep>at$ f ! _w ( dec5cy4 ,b x intrud$ itself ^u !m4 ,its temptations & opportunities are be=e _! eyes1 & ! way is made easy = _! feet to g d[n to dea?40 8,to :at good is x10 says ,"l ,br\gham1#i 8t ! legislature %\ld pass laws to puni% crime1 or t _! lord%ips %\ld occupy !mselves 9 try+ to improve ! morals ( ! p by giv+ !m education8 ,:at c\ld be ! use ( s[+ a little se$ "h & pluck+ up a we$ !re1 if ^! be] %ops are to be cont9u$ to s[ ! se$s ( immorality broadca/ ov] ! l&1 g]m9at+ ! mo/ frightful produce t ev] has be5 all[$ to gr[ up 9 a civiliz$ c\ntry1 &1 ,i am a%am$ to add1 "u ! fo/]+ c>e ( ,p>liam5t40 ,! prohibition ( ! poison traffic has become ! urg5t duty ( e legislator1 ! =emo/ aim ( e moral re=m]4 ,! v]dict ( ! mo/ em95t /atesm51 physicians1 cl]gym51 patriots & philan?ropi/s1 is unanim\s on t po9t4 ,we lack en]gy1 n compet5ce1 nor ! sanction ( a high] au?ority1 to ga9 ! votes ( ! masses4 8,we c prove ! success ( prohibition by ! exp]i5ce ( our neighbor+ /ate10 writes ,dr4 ,h]b]t ,bu*anan1 ( ,portsm\?1 ,new ,hamp%ire2 8all ! vici\s elem5ts ( society are arraign$ aga9/ u1 b ,i h no fe> ( ! ev5t if we d n cease to agitate ! subject40 ,agitation1 a ceaseless appeal to ! common s5se & consci5ce ( our fell[m5 c1 inde$1 n fail to be cr[n$ ) ultimate success4 ,! /ruggle ) vice1 ) ignorance & mean selfi%ness may cont9ue1 b x w be our own fault if our adv]s>ies c support _! opposition by a s+le valid argum5t1 & ! battle w be m ?an half won if a majority ( our fell[-citiz5s h to admit t we cont5d no long] = a favor1 b = an evid5t "r4 ,,/udies ,,9 ,,kit*5 ,,sci5ce ,,& ,,art4 ,v4 ,,tea1 ,,c(fee1 ,,& ,,*ocolate4 ,,by ,,byron ,d4 ,,hal/$1 ,,sc4 ,d4 ,we h "h to consid] ! s\rces ( ! ?ree lead+ dietetic bev]ages4 ,!y are v unlike 9 g5]al appe>ance1 b all possess ! same vegetable pr9ciple1 call$ an alkaloid1#a ?\gh kn[n "u diff]5t names4 ,?us mod]n *emi/ry has prov$ ! id5tity ( ! !9e ( ! tea1 ! caffe9e#b ( ! c(fee & ! !o-brom9e#c ( ! *ocolate4 ,?is same vegetable alkaloid1 rem>kable = its l>ge p] c5t4 ( nitrog51 is f\nd 9 small quantities 9 a few o!r plants1 mo/ ( :i* h be5 us$ to "s ext5t = ! mak+ ( an exhil>at+ dr9k4 ,x answ]s our purpose be/ to treat ea* ( our ?ree subjects "u its respective head4 ,,tea 7,!a viridis#d74--,! tea ( comm]ce is ! prep>$ leaves ( a %rub belong+ to ! ord] ,camelliace#e repres5t$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates by loblolly bay#f & ,/u>tia4#g ,p]haps ! mo/ famili> ne> relative ( ! tea plant is ! camellia ( our gre5 h\ses & w9d[ g>d5s4 ,! wild tea %rub gr[s f tw5ty to ?irty feet high1 & is f\nd native 9 ,*9a & ,japan4 ,:5 "u cultivation ! %rub is prun$ s z to n exce$ six feet 9 height4 ,! fl[]s are l>ge1 :ite & fragrant2 !y are produc$ 9 clu/]s 9 ! axils ( ! simple1 oblong1 ev]gre51 s]rate leaves4 ,*9a & ,japan are among ! lead+ tea-gr[+ c\ntries1 its cultivation be+ *iefly conf9$ betwe5 tw5ty-five & ?irty-five nor? latitude4 ,tea 0 9 g5]al use 9 ,*9a 9 ! n9? c5tury1 b x 0 n until ! sev5te5? c5tury t x 0 introduc$ into ,europe4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ?is c5tury ! ,ea/ ,india ,company import$ tea into ,engl&1 s9ce :i* "t x has become ! regul> bev]age ( _m millions ( p 9 all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,! importations ( tea into ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ye> end+ ,june #cj?1 #ahhd1 7 #fg1ffe1iaj p\nds4 ,x w be se5 t ?is gives some:]e ne> a p\nd & a qu>t] ( tea = ea* man1 woman & *ild 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,mo/ ( our ,*9a tea trade is c>ri$ on ) ,%anghai1 ,foo ,*[ & ,amoy4 ,9 ,*9a ! tea %rub is gr[n *iefly on ! s\!rn slopes ( hills 9 poor1 well wat]$ soil1 to :i* manure is appli$4 ,! se$s are dropp$ 9 holes at regul> int]vals1 & dur+ ! ?ird ye> ! fir/ crop is obta9$4 ,9 f sev5 to t5 ye>s ! %rubs are cut d[n & %oots spr+ up f ! /umps1 :i* cont9ue to yield crops ( leaves4 ,a s+le plant produces on an av]age betwe5 ?ree hundr$ & ?ree hundr$ & fifty p\nds ( dri$ leaves4 ,! leaves are pick$ ?ree times a ye>1 9 ,april1 ,may1 & ,june or ,july4 ,! "y1 t5d] leaves ( ! fir/ ga!r+ make ! be/ tea1 & ?is is v l>gely consum$ 9 its native c\ntry4 ,! old] leaves ( ! second & ?ird pick+s make a poor] quality ( tea :i* ab\nds 9 tann91#h & conta9s b a small p] c5t4 ( ! be/ elem5ts ( sup]ior tea4 ,x 0 long suppos$ t black & gre5 sorts ( tea 7 made f di/9ct v>ieties1 or ev5 species ( plants2 9 fact1 !re has be5 a great deal ( my/]y surr\nd+ ! culture & prep>ation ( tea until )9 ! pa/ score ( ye>s4 ,au?orities n[ /ate t !re is only "o species ( plant yield+ tea leaves1 & f ?is all sorts are made4 ,! diff]5ces are natural1 be+ "s ( !m due to climate & conditions ( soil1 etc41 :ile o!rs are ! result ( ! manipulation ( ! leaves aft] !y are ga!r$4 ,black & gre5 tea may come f ! same %rub1 or ev5 ! same bran* ( a plant4 ,! leaves =m+ black tea und]go a f]m5tation be=e !y are dri$1 :ile ^? design$ = gre5 tea are at once submitt$ to a high heat 9 iron pans1 & n copp] pans1 z g5]ally suppos$4 ,aft] ! leaves = black tea h be5 ga!r$ !y are plac$ 9 heaps1 :5 !y become flaccid & turn d>k f incipi5t f]m5tation4 ,! leaves are !n roll$ betwe5 ! ?umb & f+]s or ^u bamboo tables until ! desir$ twi/ is obta9$4 ,!y next pass to a dry+ room & are heat$ 9 an iron pan2 aga9 twi/$1 & aft]w>d dri$ ov] a sl[ fire4 ,! pr9cipal diff]5ce betwe5 ! prep>ation ( black & gre5 tea is t 9 ! latt] ! fre%ly ga!r$ leaves g at once into ! heat$ pans4 ,! repeat$ twi/+ & heat+ is ne>ly ! same ) bo? classes4 ,! gre5 teas are sometimes artificially color$ by us+ turm]ic#i ) gypsum or ,prussian blue4 ,a flavor is frequ5tly giv5 to ! tea by add+ aromatic fl[]s1 z ^? ( ! pekoe & cap]4#aj ,among ! lead+ v>ieties ( black tea are3 ,bohea1 a small leaf1 crisp & /rong odor1 ) bracki% ta/e2 two sorts ( ,cong\s--! l>ge leaf ) f9e flavor1 & ! small leaf ) a burnt smell4 ,! ,s\*ong is ! mu* priz$ 8,engli% ,breakfa/10 made f leaves ( ?ree-ye>-old trees4 ,only a small "p ( ! s-call$ ,s\*ong is g5u9e4 ,pekoe is made f ! t5d]e/ leaves ga!r$ f ?ree-ye>-old plants :ile 9 bloom4 ,oolongs are common k9ds ( black teas1 mu* us$ = mix+ ) o!r sorts4 ,( ! gre5 teas ! ,gunp[d] is r\nd1 l %ot1 ) gre5 color & fragrant ta/e4 ,! ,imp]ial is m loosely roll$ ?an ! ,gunp[d]4 ,"y ,hyson is 9 loose rolls1 :i* easily crumble to ! t\*2 x gives a light gre5 infusion4 ,old ,hyson is ! old] leaves 9 ! pick+ = ,"y ,hyson4 ,twankay consi/s ( mix$ & brok5 leaves1 & is ( inf]ior quality4 ,japan teas are bo? color$ & uncolor$1 & come f ,japan2 !y are v l>gely consum$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! *emical composition ( a fair sample ( tea is2 ,!9e1 #a4 to #c4 p] c5t42 case9e1#aa #ae42 gum1 #ah42 sug>1 4#c2 tann91 #bf42 aromatic oil1 4#ge2 fat1 #d42 vegetable fib]1 #bj42 m9]al sub/ances1 #e42 & wat]1 #e4 p] c5t4 ,! tann9 is an a/r+5t1 :ile ! !9e acts z a g5tle excitant ^u ! n]v\s sy/em4 ,?is is probably enhanc$ by ! w>m? ( ! infusion4 ,! be/ au?orities agree t tea is a valuable article ( diet = heal?y1 gr[n p4 ,x h[ev] is n suitable = *ildr5 until gr[? is complet$4 ,adults ) irritable con/itutions may be injur$ by tea-dr9k+4 ,tea is ! solace ( old age4 ,cibb]#ab wrote3 8,tea6 ?\ s(t1 ?\ sob]1 sage & v5]able liquid ''' ?\ female tongue-runn+1 smile-smoo?+1 he>t-op5+1 w9k-tippl+ cordial1 to ^: glori\s insipidity ,i owe ! happie/ mom5ts ( my life1 let me fall pro/rate40 ,wall]#ac tru?fully says3 8,tea do? our fancy aid1 ,repress ^? vapors :i* ! head invade ,& keep ! palace ( ! s\l40 ,tea is ext5sively adult]at$ 9 _m ways4 ,9 ,*9a exhau/$ tea leaves & foliage ( o!r trees are employ$ by millions ( p\nds ea* ye>4 ,will[ leaves are among ! pr9cipal ones us$ = mix+ ) tea4 ,a ,briti% consul once relat$ t at ,%anghai !re 7 at "o "t #ec1jjj p\nds ( will[ leaves 9 prep>ation to be sold z tea4 ,m9]al matt]s are us$ to color or 8face0 ! tea4 8,! common te/10 /ates ,mr4 ,felk]1 9 8 "w 8,:at ! ,groc]s ,sell ,u10 8is by infusion2 ?is is p\r$ (f ! leaves & exam9$ = color1 ta/e1 & odor1 all ( :i* are *>act]i/ic4''' ,impurities l s&1 iron fil+s & dirt may be se5 among ! leaves or at ! bottom ( ! cups4 ,! leaves1 too1 betray by _! co>s5ess & botanical "*1 ! nature & quality ( ! tea1 = al?\gh ! leaves ( ! g5u9e tea diff] mu* 9 =m & size1 yet _! v5ation & g5]al /ructure are v di/9ctive4''' #8,lie tea1' us$ to adult]ate ,gunp[d] tea1 consi/s ( tea du/ mix$ ) m9]al sub/ances1 />* & gum1 & !n =m$ into little masses resembl+ tea40 ,l>ge tea h\ses employ pr(essional tea ta/]s :o make /eep+s & judge ^u ! flavor1 purity1 etc4 ,,c(fee4--,! c(fee ( comm]ce is ! se$ ( a %rub1 ,c(fea ,arabica1#ad belong+ to ! ord] ,rubiace1#ae :i* is repres5t$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates by ! *>m+ little 8bluets0 ( our pa/ures 9 spr+4 ,! cape jessam9e & b\v>dias#af ( ! gre5 h\se are ne> relatives ( ! c(fee plant4 ,! "n c(fee is probably d]iv$ f ! ,arabic ^w ,kahwah1 al?\gh "s au?orities cont5d t x is trac$ to ,caffa1 a prov9ce ( ,abyss9ia1 :]e ! c(fee plant fl\ri%es 9 ! wild /ate4 ,! c(fee %rub is an ev]gre51 gr[+ to ! height ( tw5ty feet1 ) long1 smoo?1 %9+ leaves4 ,! pure :ite fl[]s are produc$ 9 clu/]s 9 ! axils ( ! leaves & foll[$ by fle%y b]ries :i*1 :5 ripe1 resemble small1 d>k r$ *]ries4 ,ea* b]ry usually conta9s two se$s emb$d$ 9 ! yell[i% pulp4 ,^! se$s1 :5 sep>at$ f ! pulp & pap]y cov]+1 =m ! raw c(fee ( ! /ores4 ,ea* se$--improp]ly call$ a b]ry--is some:at hemisph]ical1 ) a groove runn+ ?r\gh ! middle ( ! flat side4 ,sometimes "o se$ is abortive 9 ! b]ry1 & ! o!r becomes r\nd1 z 9 ! ,wynaad c(fee f ,india1 sometimes call$ 8male b]ry0 c(fee4 ,c(fee is cultivat$ 9 _m c\ntries ly+ betwe5 fifte5 nor? & fifte5 s\? latitude4 ,x may be successfully gr[n ?irty degrees f ! equator4 ,l ! tea plant1 ! c(fee %rub favors ! well wat]$ m\nta9 slopes4 ,! trees are set 9 long1 /raight r[s1 six feet ap>t1 & six feet f ea* o!r 9 ! r[4 ,! c(fee tree is naturally a plant ) long1 /raggl+ %oots1 b "u cultivation x is prun$ to make a %rub n exce$+ six feet 9 height1 ) long1 lat]al bran*es4 ,a full crop %\ld be obta9$ ! ?ird ye>4 ,! b]ries are ga!r$ :5 ! pulp beg9s to %rivel1 & are at once tak5 to ! /ore-h\se1 :]e !y are pulp$4 ,! b]ries are pass$ betwe5 l>ge1 r\gh roll]s1 :i* remove ! pulp1 b n ! p>*m5t-l cov]+ ( ! se$s4 ,! b]ries ) ! pulp remov$ are heap$ up1 cov]$ ) old sack+1 & all[$ to f]m5t = two days4 ,wat] is turn$ on & all glut9\s matt] remov$4 ,! se$s are spread out to dry1 aft] :i* !y are pass$ betwe5 wood5 cyl9d]s t remove ! ?91 dry cov]+4 ,! c(fee se$s1 aft] be+ w9n[$1 are assort$ into v>i\s sizes & pack$ ready = %ipm5t4 ,a ?rifty %rub yields two p\nds ( m>ketable c(fee4 ,! raw c(fee se$ has a horny texture1 )\t ! peculi> aroma *>act]i/ic ( ! roa/$ b]ry4 ,! e>ly hi/ory ( c(fee is obscure4 ,x has be5 9 use = ov] a ?\s& ye>s4 ,! k ( its use 0 fir/ br\ght into ,arabia f ,abyss9ia 9 ! fifte5? c5tury4 8,its peculi> prop]ty ( dissipat+ dr[s9ess & prev5t+ sleep 0 tak5 advantage ( 9 connection ) ! prolong$ religi\s s]vices ( ! ,mohametans1 & its use z a devotional antisoporific /irr$ up a fi]ce opposition on ! "p ( ! prie/s4 ,c(fee 0 by !m held to be an intoxicant bev]age1 & !re=e prohibit$ by ! ,koran2#ag & ! dreadful p5alties ( an outrag$ sacr$ law 7 laid ov] ! heads ( all :o became addict$ to its use4 ,not)/&+ ! ?reats ( div9e retribution1 & ?\gh all mann] ( devices 7 adopt$ to *eck its gr[?1 ! c(fee-dr9k+ habit spread rapidly among ! ,arabians1 ,mohametans1 & ! gr[? ( c(fee z well z its use z a national bev]age became z insep>ably associat$ ) ,arabia z tea is ) ,*9a40 ,c(fee rea*$ ,great ,brita9 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,*>les ,,ii4 attempt$ to suppress c(fee h\ses by proclamation1 because !y 8devis$ & spread abroad div]s false1 malici\s & sc&al\s reports to ! defamation ( 8 ,maje/y's gov]nm5t & to ! peace & quiet ( ! nation40 ,h[ diff]5t is ?is view f t held by ^? int]e/$ 9 good gov]nm5t1 peace & prosp]ity at ! pres5t day6 ,we n[ rejoice 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( c(fee h\ses1 hop+ t !y may supplant ! mu* dread$ rum %ops4 ,x is wor?y ( note "h t ! ?ree dietetic bev]ages treat$ 9 ?is article 7 all introduc$ into ,europe at ne>ly ! same "t4 ,tea came ?r\gh ! ,dut*2 cocoa 0 br\ght f ,s\? ,am]ica to ,spa91 & c(fee came f ,arabia by ! way ( ,con/ant9ople4 ,c(fee 0 = "s "t suppli$ only by ,arabia1 b ne> ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury its culture 0 introduc$ into ,java & ! ,we/ ,india isl&s4 ,at ! pres5t day its culture is g5]al )9 ! tropics1 ,brazil lead+ ! li/ 9 am\nt annually produc$4 ,9 ! ,ea/]n hemisph]e ! pr9cipal c(fee regions are ,java & ,ceylon1 :]e a sup]ior article is produc$4 ,! am\nt ( c(fee import$ into ! ,unit$ ,/ates dur+ ! ye> end+ ,june #cj?1 #ahhd1 0 #ecd1ghe1edb p\nds1 & #ah1ijg1fbg p\nds 9 excess ( ! previ\s ye>4 ,x is se5 t ^! figures give ne>ly t5 p\nds = ea* individual 9 ?is va/ c\ntry4 ,?is am\nt p] capita is exce$$ by only a few c\ntries4 ,holl& leads all ,european /ates1 ) an av]age ( tw5ty-"o p\nds p] head1 foll[$ closely by ,belgium1 ,d5m>k & ,norway4 ,! dietetic value ( c(fee dep5ds pr9cipally ^u ! alkaloid caffe9e or !9e :i* x conta9s 9 common ) tea & cocoa or *ocolate4 ,good c(fee conta9s ne>ly "o p] c5t4 ( ?is sub/ance4 ,:5 obta9$ 9 a pure /ate x cry/allizes 9 sl5d] ne$les4 ,! peculi> aroma ( c(fee is due to ! pres5ce ( caffeone1#ah :i* develops 9 ! process ( roa/+4 ,x may be isolat$ z a br[n oil1 heavi] ?an wat]1 by di/ill+ roa/$ c(fee ) wat]4 ,! roa/+ ( c(fee is an op]ation requir+ mu* good judgm5t1 = by c>ry+ ! process beyond a c]ta9 po9t ! aroma is de/roy$ & a disagreeable flavor is produc$4 ,roa/$ c(fee :5 gr\nd quickly det]iorates unless kept 9 close vessels4 ,mo*a c(fee1 :i* is br\ght f ,arabia1 is ! be/1 & t f ,java ranks next4 ,mu* ( ! s-call$ ,mo*a c(fee is rais$ 9 ,brazil1 or else:]e1 & %ipp$ to ,arabia1 aft] :i* x f9ds its way into ! m>kets4 ,! b]ries ( ! true ,mo*a c(fee are small1 d>k & yell[2 ^? ( ,java are a pal] yell[1 :ile ! ,we/ ,india & ,brazilian c(fees h a gre5i%-gray t9t4 ,! la/ nam$ c(fee is usually sold "u ! "n ( ,rio1 an abbreviation ( ! lead+ c(fee export+ port ( ,brazil1 namely1 ,rio de ,janeiro2 ,m>t9ique & ,/4 ,dom+o c(fees are two o!r k9ds b little kn[n4 ,c(fee is pr9cipally valuable = its /imulat+ effects ^u ! sy/em4 ,x produces a buoyancy ( feel+1 light5s ! s5sation ( fatigue1 & su/a9s ! muscles :5 "u prolong$ ex]tion4 ,a cup ( ri*1 hot c(fee seems to infuse new life into an o'er-tir$ body4 ,equally ) tea x is 8! cup t *e]s1 b n inebriates40 8,c(fee :i* makes ! politician wise ,& see ?r\gh all ?+s ) 8 half-%ut eyes40 ,c(fee is ! subject ( _m adult]ations1 usually :5 sold 9 ! gr\nd /ate4 ,sev]al k9ds ( se$s resembl+ c(fee 9 size h be5 employ$ to adult]ate ! :ole c(fee1 "s ( :i* ne$ to be color$ be=e !y w pass = ! g5u9e4 ,_m k9ds ( roots are slic$1 dri$ & roa/$ = ! adult]ation ( c(fee1 among ! lead+ ones ( :i* are *icory1 c>rot & ! beet4 ,sp5t tanb>k & ev5 dri$ beef's liv] h be5 ?us employ$4 ,_m ( ^! fraudul5t additions c be detect$ ) ! microscope4 ,gr\nd c(fee floats on wat]1 :ile mo/ ( ! adult]ations w s9k or discolor ! wat]4 ,!re is said to be a ma*9e 9 ,engl& = mak+ false b]ries out ( vegetable sub/ance4 ,,*ocolate4--,! *ocolate ( ! %ops is d]iv$ f a small ev]gre5 tree1 native ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 ,mexico1 & ,we/ ,indias4 ,?is tree1 ,!obroma cacao1 has l>ge1 po9t$ leaves & rose-color$ fl[]s1 :i* are foll[$ by fruit pods six to t5 in*es long4 ,! fir/ "p ( ! botanical "n is f ! ,greek mean+ 8food = ! gods10 & ! second or specific ^w cacao is ! old ,mexican "n = ! tree4 ,! ord] ,/]culiace#ai to :i* ! !obroma or *ocolate tree belongs is n repres5t$ 9 our flora4 ,x h[ev] is kn[n to _m by a species ( ,mah]nia#bj f ! cape ( ,good ,hope1 cultivat$ 9 cons]vatories4 ,! ord] conta9s ab\t #ebj species1 ne>ly all ( :i* are tropical4 ,! long pods1 :ile gre51 resemble cucumb]s1 & :5 ripe conta9 f ?irty to an hundr$ se$s1 arrang$ 9 r[s1 & ( ! size ( sweet almonds4 ,dur+ ! season ( rip5+ ! pods are ga!r$ daily1 laid 9 heaps until !y h f]m5t$1 :5 !y are op5$ by h& & ! se$s spread 9 ! sun to dry1 aft] :i* !y are ready = m>ket4 ,be=e ! ,spani>ds visit$ ,mexico ! natives made a bev]age f ! se$s1 :i* !y call$ *ocalat1 & f ?is we d]iv$ our ^w *ocolate4 ,! ,spani>ds h ! cr$it ( introduc+ ?is bev]age into ,europe4 ,9 ! manufacture ( *ocolate ! cocoa 7:i* is a corruption ( ! orig9al ,mexican cacao7 beans are roa/$ simil> to ! roa/+ ( c(fee1 & aft] ! husk is remov$ !y are r$uc$ to a pa/e4 ,?is pa/e is aft]w>d mix$ ) equal quantities ( sug> & heat$ & turn$ into cakes ( v>i\s %apes famili> to all h\sekeep]s4 ,cacao nibs are ! bruis$ & brok5 se$s1 & cocoa %ells are ! ?9 cov]+s ( ! se$s or beans :i* are sep>at$ be=e ! se$s are gr\nd to p[d]4 ,broma is *ocolate prep>$ = ! m>ket 9 a c]ta9 way1 & is a trade "n4 ,! importations ( *ocolate = ! ye> end+ ,june #cj? 7 #ab1bce1cjd p\nds1 be+ an increase ( ne>ly ?irty-five p] c5t4 ov] ! previ\s ye>4 ,( ! ?ree lead+ bev]ages h]e9 briefly describ$ tea is ! only "o t has be5 gr[n z a crop 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 a reply to an inquiry rec5tly address$ to ! ,commission] ( ,agriculture1 x 0 /at$ t ! tea plant is h>dy at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 & t ! tea plantations ne> ,summ]ville1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 are do+ well4 8,!re is no tr\ble ab\t gr[+ ! plant1 b ! "q ( pr(itable culture = ! manufacture ( tea is q ano!r ?+4''' ,! purpose ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture ''' is to *eap5 ! pres5t me?ods or possibly sugge/ ! plac+ ( ! teas on ! m>ket 9 a :olly diff]5t %ape f :at is done at pres5t40 ,we may be able to supply our own dem&s = tea1 b x is n likely t ! same w be true ( c(fee & *ocolate4 ,,h\sehold ,,bev]ages4 ,at ! breakfa/ table ( a fri5d n long ago ,i he>d ! g5tleman ( ! h\se rem>k ov] 8 fragrant c(fee3 8,i laugh$ at my wife :5 %e w5t into ! cook+ s*ool la/ summ]1 ,i ?\ght h] a model cook be=e2 b = "s reason %e has improv$4 ,i nev] ta/$ su* c(fee z ?is40 ,my ho/ess answ]$3 8,! reason is simple en\gh4 ,i _h always cook$ by rule be=e4 ,i le>n$ 9 my /udies 9 cook]y to reason4 ,x makes a great diff]5ce40 ,x does make a diff]5ce1 & nev] a great] ?an 9 prep>+ tea1 c(fee & *ocolate4 ,!re is r>ely a cup ( any "o ( ^! bev]ages on our tables :i* is fit to dr9k2 our c(fee is bitt] & muddy1 tea is ei!r insipid or too /rong1 & *ocolate has fail$ to become ! popul> dr9k :i* x des]ves to be1 because s r>ely well prep>$4 ,few cooks und]/& ! nature ( ei!r ! c(fee b]ry or ! tea leaf1 & consequ5tly d n "k h[ to treat !m 9 ord] to extract _! delici\s flavor1 aroma1 & n]ve-brac+ qualities4 ,few cooks h an idea ( ! extreme delicacy ( ^! articles1 ( h[ sci5tifically1 ev5 arti/ically1 !y mu/ be treat$4 ,to extract an oil or flavor is "o ( ! nice/ exp]im5ts ( ! laboratory1 & "o = :i* a *emi/ selects 8 mat]ials ) ! greate/ c>e1 att5ds /rictly to ! cleanl9ess ( 8 vessels1 wat*es e *ange 9 temp]ature1 & c\nts ev5 seconds 9 "t4 ,mak+ ^! bev]ages is no?+ less ?an p]=m+ a delicate *emical exp]im5t1 & yet we are s ignorant or c>eless ab\t ?is important "w t we att5d /rictly to nei!r heat nor "t1 & (t5 take j :at we c mo/ easily get to "w )4 ,if y w\ld h good tea1 c(fee & *ocolate beg9 y\r c>e ) y\r buy+4 ,tea is a mo/ tr\blesome article to pur*ase4 ,!re are s _m v>ieties on ! m>ket1 & s mu* adult]ation t ! probability is t unless y are tak+ extreme precautions y are gett+ an inf]ior article4 ,adult]ation is a/oni%+ly common1 poor teas be+ manipulat$ to make !m appe> l ! fir/-class grades2 inf]ior black teas color$ to look l high-pric$ gre5 teas1 8lie tea0 sold 9 va/ quantities1 & made-ov] teas#a made to pass = fre%4 ,h[ to obta9 ! g5u9e article is ! h\sewife's fir/ problem4 ,c>eful exam9ation may be made "u ! microscope = color+ matt]1 ! tea may be soak$ to see if x unrolls into true leaves1 or aft] wa%+ x 9 a little wat] ! liquid may be te/$ ) *emicals = =eign sub/ances4 ,b all ?is means tr\ble t few h\sewives c>e to take4 ,probably ! mo/ practical plan is to f9d by c>eful exp]im5t a ?or\ghly reliable#b tea-h\se & !n conf9e y\r patronage to x4 ,a p\nd ( tea b\ght "h & ano!r !re1 z conv5i5ce may dictate or "s fri5d advise1 w insure y no?+ b adult]ation4 ,! only safe plan is to f9d a h\se :i* sells good tea4 ,y\r tea b\ght1 x mu/ be prep>$4 ,9 mak+ a cup ( tea ! *emical composition & ! effect ( ea* /ep 9 its prep>ation mu/ be obs]v$ or y\r draught w be ru9$4 ,! con/itu5ts 9 ! leaf :i* y mu/ look aft] are ! !9e1 ! aromatic oil1 & ! tann94 ,y\r tea mu/ be treat$ 9 su* a way t ! fir/ two1 :i* give to ! dr9k its flavor & aroma1 w be extract$1 b t ! bitt] tann9 w be left undevelop$4 ,! !9e & oil are bo? volatile sub/ances1 s t if y\r tea is /eep$ too long1 or if x is boil$1 !y w lit]ally fly away1 :ile ! tann9 extract$ w turn y\r cup into a bitt]1 h]by dr9k4 ,a rule is easily =mulat$ f ?is bit ( sci5ce3 ,into a p]fectly clean tea-pot1 j scald$ ) boil+ hot wat]1 put a heap+ tablespoonful ( tea = ea* p]son1 & ^u x p\r a cup & a half ( boil+ wat] = ea* spoonful4 ,cov] y\r pot ) a 8cosy0#c if y h "o1 & let x /& on ! back ( ! range1 :]e x w n boil1 = f five to t5 m9utes4 ,! l5g? ( "t requir$ to /eep ea* v>iety ( tea mu/ be det]m9$ by exp]im5t1 "s v>ieties tak+ long] ?an o!rs4 ,! exact l5g? ea* h\sewife mu/ det]m9e :5 %e tries a new k9d2 & x may be said ( ! exact proportion ( tea to wat] t x z well mu/ be det]m9$ by exp]im5t4 ,no rule 9 cook+ is inflexible4 ,x mu/ always be modifi$ by ! good s5se & ! sci5tific c>e ( ! cook4 ,! ,engli% cu/om ( mak+ tea on ! table is ! prettie/ & ! mo/ satisfactory4 ,!y p\r ^u ! tea requir$ a small quantity ( boil+ wat]1 ?is is plac$ ^u ! table1 cov]$ ) ! 8cosy20 a pot ( wat] tak5 :5 boil+ f ! /ove is kept hot by a _s lamp1 & :5 ! tea is /eep$ z mu* boil+ wat] z ! quantity ( tea us$ dem&s is p\r$ into ! tea-pot4 ,x is all[$ to /& ab\t ?ree m9utes & !n p\r$ into ! cups & on ! cream4 ,rememb]1 cream %\ld always be p\r$ into ! cups fir/ = bo? tea & c(fee1 & tea is z mu* improv$ by cream z is c(fee4 ,! pur*ase ( c(fee is beset ) ! same tr\ble z t ( tea--adult]ation4 ,y may get a manufactur$ b]ry1 y may get *iccory2 to avoid ?is c>eful te/s mu/ be appli$ & only reliable firms patroniz$4 ,no?+ b unbr[n$ c(fee %\ld be b\ght2 ! roa/+ %\ld be done at home4 ,?is process requires p>ticul> c>e4 ,! c(fee b]ry is h>d & horny1 wat] has no effect ^u x ev5 :5 x has be5 gr\nd4 ,x mu/ be roa/$ 9 ord] t c]ta9 con/itu5ts may become soluble4 ,^! con/itu5ts are a fragrant volatile oil call$ caffeone1 & ! caffe9e1 :i* is id5tical ) ! !9e ( tea4 ,by roa/+ ! oil is di/ribut$ ?r\gh ! b]ry & s made soluble1 :ile ! caffe9e is develop$ s t x may be absorb$ by wat]4 ,j ! "r am\nt ( roa/+ mu/ be done or ! ess5tial con/itu5ts w be expell$ & ! bitt] qualities w be made to pr$om9ate4 ,i h said t ! roa/+ %\ld be done at home4 ,x may be done 9 ! %ops1 ( c\rse1 b ! op]ation !re is c>ri$ on s unsci5tifically t ! aroma is lo/ on ! t[n in/ead ( be+ %ut up 9 ! b]ry4 ,only a few days ago1 pass+ up a bus9ess /reet ( a city1 ,i 0 a/oni%$ to f9d ! air heavy ) ! delici\s aroma ( c(fee4 ,x sc5t$ ! air = a squ>e1 & only :5 ,i came to a l>ge groc]y /ore 0 ! my/]y expla9$4 ,! groc] 0 br[n+ 8 c(fee1 & its odor 0 s]v+ = an adv]tisem5t1 effective1 p]haps1 among ! ignorant1 b :i* w\ld w>n e wise h\sewife n to pur*ase roa/$ c(fee4 ,! process is be/ c>ri$ on 9 "o ( ! v ne>ly p]fect c(fee roa/]s to be f\nd 9 ! %ops2 if ^! are n at h& an ord9>y dripp+ pan may be us$4 ,x %\ld be cov]$ to prev5t loss ( aroma1 & %\ld be cont9ually %ak5 to prev5t burn+4 ,! entire att5tion ( "o p]son %\ld be giv5 ! c(fee dur+ ?is op]ation4 ,:5 turn$ to a ri* *e/nut br[n remove1 keep+ cov]$ until q cool4 ,if left op5 ! aroma escapes v rapidly f w>m c(fee1 b if kept cov]$ mu* ( t made volatile by ! heat is re-absorb$4 ,a tight di%--an air-tight cani/] is be/--mu/ be ready to keep x 94 ,:5 us+1 gr9d only :at y ne$1 & take c>e t x is n left co>se1 :5 ! /r5g? c n be extract$1 or t x is n too f9e1 :5 ! liquor w be muddy 9 spite ( y2 9 ?is1 z always1 exp]im5t until y "k ! degree ( f95ess :i* gr\nd c(fee %\ld h4 ,a heap+ tablespoonful ( gr\nd c(fee to a cup & a half ( wat] is ! ord9>y proportion = mak+ /rong c(fee--! only k9d :i* %\ld ev] be prep>$1 by ! way1 ! dilut+ ought always to take place 9 ! cup2 to ! requir$ am\nt ( c(fee add ! :ite & %ell ( an egg & cold wat] to ?or\ghly wet ! :ole2 /ir up ^! +r$i5ts 9 y\r c(fee pot & p\r ^u !m ! requir$ am\nt ( boil+ hot wat]4 ,let x boil f t5 to fifte5 m9utes1 p\r 9 half a cup ( cold wat] & remove to ! side ( ! /ove :]e x c n boil4 ,d n boil long] ?an ! exact "t :i* y h f\nd necess>y = ! k9d ( c(fee y are us+1 if y d y lose y\r flavor & extract 9 its place a bitt] pr9ciple :i* is ru9\s4 ,rememb] always :at "o ( our fam\s cooks says3 8,!re comes a "t 9 bak+1 fry+ or broil+ :5 injur$ nature revolts & burns up1 b a ?+ may boil until n a ve/ige ( its orig9al condition rema9s1 & unless ! wat] evaporates1 x may g on boil+ = h\rs )\t rem9d+ "o by smell or smoke t x is spoil$40 ,y\r c(fee w settle 9 ab\t five m9utes4 ,n[ if y mu/ use a diff]5t c(fee urn1 g5tly p\r (f ! liquor s z n to di/urb ! gr\nds4 ,! settl+ ( c(fee is an ess5tial po9t4 ,! regulation me?od ( /irr+ an egg into ! fre%ly gr\nd b]ry is und\bt$ly be/1 b ano!r & m economical practice may take its place4 ,aft] y\r fre%ly roa/$ b]ries are cool en\gh to be easily h&l$1 add to ea* p\nd a fre% egg & /ir x 9 until ea* k]nel is coat$ smoo?ly ) ! mixture4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 t ! c(fee be n w>m en\gh to cook ! egg4 ,:5 eggs are exp5sive an economical me?od is to wa% ! %ells be=e !y are brok51 & use ) cold wat] to settle ! c(fee4 ,aft] all ^! precautions !re are /ill o!r po9ts to gu>d4 ,n ! lea/ is ! condition ( ! inside ( ! c(fee pot2 x %\ld nev] be /a9$1 burnt or coat$1 b kept p]fectly bright by be+ wa%$1 &1 if necess>y1 sc\r$ aft] ea* meal4 ,x w\ld be a ga9 9 aroma if y\r c(fee pot c\ld always be kept p]fectly tight s t none c\ld escape1 & if x c\ld g to ! table 9 ! same di%4 ,! pleasant1 sugge/ive odors :i* prec$e a meal are always signs t ! mo/ delici\s flavors ( y\r com+ breakfa/1 d9n] or tea are escap+1 t ?r\gh ! unskillfulness ( y\r cook y are los+ :at %\ld give ! greate/ *>m to y\r meal4 ,caf au lait#d is an excell5t dr9k & easily prep>$4 ,make 9 ! usual way a p9t ( /rong c(fee1 & into y\r table urn or a pit*] p\r a cup & a half ( fre% milk1 scald+ hot2 to ?is add ! c(fee & let ! :ole /& = five m9utes 9 a hot place1 or 9 a kettle ( hot wat]4 ,*ocolate is a mo/ delici\s dr9k if prop]ly prep>$2 x is1 h[ev]1 s (t5 raw1 muddy & /rong t we h n be5 able to educate ourselves to its peculi> disagreeabl5ess4 ,make x by ! foll[+ rule & y w f9d x bo? nutriti\s & pleasant3 ,select ) c>e ! be/ make ( *ocolate1 & into a little cold wat] rub smoo? five tablespoonfuls ( grat$ *ocolate2 be sure t x be rubb$ 9 smoo?ly1 a h>d p>ticle ( *ocolate is z unwelcome a visitor 9 y\r cup z float+ tea leaves or black bobb+ bits ( c(fee b]ries4 ,s rub x smoo? & /ir x sl[ly into five cups ( boil+ wat]4 ,let x boil = ab\t five m9utes1 & 9 ! meantime heat two cups ( milk2 ?is mu/ be /irr$ into ! boil+ *ocolate & ! :ole all[$ to simm] = a few m9utes long]4 ,y may sweet5 x on ! fire or 9 ! cup4 ,,huxley ,,on ,,sci5ce4,c ,all ! "t t we are awake we are le>n+ by means ( our s5ses some?+ ab\t ! _w 9 :i* we live & ( :i* we =m a "p2 we are con/antly aw>e ( feel+1 or he>+1 or smell+1 &1 unless we happ5 to be 9 ! d>k1 ( see+2 at int]vals we ta/e4 ,we call ! in=mation ?us obta9$ s5sation4 ,:5 we h any ( ^! s5sations we commonly say t we feel1 or he>1 or smell1 or see1 or ta/e some?+4 ,a c]ta9 sc5t makes u say we smell onions2 a c]ta9 flavor1 t we ta/e apples2 a c]ta9 s\nd1 t we he> a c>riage2 a c]ta9 appe>ance be=e our eyes1 t we see a tree2 & we call t :i* we ?us p]ceive by ! aid ( our s5ses a ?+ or an object4 ,moreov]1 we say ( all ^! ?+s1 or objects1 t !y are ! causes ( ! s5sations 9 "q1 & t ! s5sations are ! effects ( ^! causes4 ,= example1 if we he> a c]ta9 s\nd1 we say x is caus$ by a c>riage go+ along ! road1 or t x is ! effect1 or ! consequ5ce1 ( a c>riage pass+ along4 ,if !re is a /rong smell ( burn+1 we believe x to be ! effect ( some?+ on fire1 & look ab\t anxi\sly = ! cause ( ! smell4 ,if we see a tree1 we believe t !re is a ?+1 or object1 :i* is ! cause ( t appe>ance 9 our field ( view4 ,9 ! case ( ! smell ( burn+1 :5 we f9d on look+ ab\t1 t some?+ actually is on fire1 we say indiff]5tly ei!r t we h f\nd out ! cause ( ! smell1 or t we "k ! reason :y we p]ceive t smell2 or t we h expla9$ x4 ,s t to "k ! reason :y ( any?+1 or to expla9 x1 is to "k ! cause ( x4 ,b t :i* is ! cause ( "o ?+ is ! effect ( ano!r4 ,?us1 suppose we f9d "s sm\ld]+ /raw to be ! cause ( ! smell ( burn+1 we imm$iately ask :at set x on fire1 or :at is ! cause ( its burn+8 ,p]haps we f9d t a light$ lucif] mat* has be5 ?r[n into ! /raw1 & !n we say t ! light$ mat* 0 ! cause ( ! fire4 ,b a lucif] mat* w\ld n be 9 t place unless "s p]son _h put x !re4 ,t is to say1 ! pres5ce ( ! lucif] mat* is an effect produc$ by somebody z cause4 ,s we ask1 :y did any "o put ! mat* !re8 ,0 x done c>elessly1 or did ! p]son :o put x !re int5d to d s8 ,& if s1 :at 0 8 motive1 or ! cause :i* l$ him to d su* a ?+8 ,& :at 0 ! reason = 8 hav+ su* a motive8 ,x is pla9 t !re is no end to ! que/ions1 "o aris+ out ( ! o!r1 t might be ask$ 9 ?is fa%ion4 ,?us we believe t ev]y?+ is ! effect ( some?+ :i* prec$$ x z its cause1 & t ?is cause is ! effect ( some?+ else1 & s on1 ?r\gh a *a9 ( causes & effects :i* goes back z f> z we *oose to foll[ x4 ,any?+ is said to be expla9$ z soon z we h discov]$ its cause1 or ! reason :y x exi/s2 ! explanation is full]1 if we c f9d out ! cause ( t cause2 & ! fur!r we c trace ! *a9 ( causes & effects1 ! m satisfactory is ! explanation4 ,b no explanation ( any?+ c be complete1 because human k1 at its be/1 goes b a v little way back t[>d ! beg9n+ ( ?+s4 ,:5 a ?+ is f\nd always to cause a p>ticul> effect1 we call t effect sometimes a prop]ty1 sometimes a p[] ( ! ?+4 ,?us ! odor ( onions is said to be a prop]ty ( onions1 because onions always cause t p>ticul> s5sation ( smell to arise1 :5 !y are br\ght ne> ! nose2 lead is said to h ! prop]ty ( heav9ess1 because x always causes u to h ! feel+ ( weight :5 we h&le x2 a /ream is said to h ! p[] to turn a wat]:eel1 because x causes ! wat]:eel to turn2 & a v5om\s snake is said to h ! p[] to kill a man1 because its bite may cause a man to die4 ,prop]ties & p[]s1 !n1 are c]ta9 effects caus$ by ! ?+s :i* are said to possess !m4 ,a great _m ( ! ?+s br\ght to our k by our s5ses1 su* z h\ses & furniture1 c>riages & ma*9es1 are t]m$ artificial ?+s or objects1 because !y h be5 %ap$ by ! art ( man2 inde$1 !y are g5]ally said to be made by man4 ,b a f> great] numb] ( ?+s owe no?+ to ! h& ( man1 & w\ld be j :at !y are if mank9d did n exi/--su* z ! sky & ! cl\ds2 ! sun1 moon & />s2 ! sea ) its rocks & %+ly or s&y %ores2 ! hills & dales ( ! l&2 & all wild plants & animals4 ,?+s ( ?is k9d are t]m$ natural objects1 & to ! :ole ( !m we give ! "n ( ,nature4 ,al?\gh ?is di/9ction betwe5 nature & art1 betwe5 natural & artificial ?+s1 is v easily made & v conv5i5t1 x is ne$ful to rememb] t1 9 ! long run1 we owe ev]y?+ to nature2 t ev5 ^? artificial objects :i* we commonly say are made by m51 are only natural objects %ap$ & mov$ by m52 & t1 9 ! s5se ( creat+1 t is to say1 ( caus+ some?+ to exi/ :i* did n exi/ 9 "s o!r %ape be=e1 man c make no?+ :atev]4 ,moreov]1 we mu/ recollect t :at m5 d 9 ! way ( %ap+ & br++ toge!r or sep>at+ natural objects1 is done 9 virtue ( ! p[]s :i* !y !mselves possess z natural objects4 ,artificial ?+s are1 9 fact1 all produc$ by ! action ( t "p ( nature :i* we call mank9d1 ^u ! re/4 ,we talk ( 8mak+0 a box1 & rightly en\gh1 if we mean only t we h %ap$ ! pieces ( wood & nail$ !m toge!r2 b ! wood is a natural object & s is ! iron ( ! nails4 ,a wat* is 8made0 ( ! natural objects gold & o!r metals1 s&1 soda1 rubies1 br\ght toge!r1 & %ap$ 9 v>i\s ways2 a coat is 8made0 ( ! natural object1 wool2 & a frock ( ! natural objects1 cotton or silk4 ,moreov]1 ! m5 :o make all ^! ?+s are natural objects4 ,c>p5t]s1 build]s1 %oemak]s1 & all o!r artisans & arti/s1 are p]sons :o h le>n$ s mu* ( ! p[]s & prop]ties ( c]ta9 natural objects1 & ( ! *a9 ( causes & effects 9 nature1 z enables !m to %ape & put toge!r ^? natural objects1 s z to make !m useful to man4 ,a c>p5t] c\ld n1 z we say1 8make0 a *air unless he knew some?+ ( ! prop]ties & p[]s ( wood2 a blacksmi? c\ld n 8make0 a horse%oe unless he knew t x is a prop]ty ( iron to become s(t & easily hamm]$ into %ape :5 x is made r$-hot2 a brickmak] mu/ "k _m ( ! prop]ties ( clay2 & a plumb] c\ld n d 8 "w unless he knew t lead has ! prop]ties ( s(tness & flexibility1 & t a mod]ate heat causes x to melt4 ,s t ! practice ( e art implies a c]ta9 k ( natural causes & effects2 & ! improvem5t ( ! arts dep5ds ^u our le>n+ m & m ( ! prop]ties & p[]s ( natural objects1 & discov]+ h[ to turn ! prop]ties & ! p[]s ( ?+s & ! connections ( cause & effect among !m to our own advantage4 ,among natural objects1 z we h se51 !re are "s t we c get hold ( & turn to acc\nt4 ,b all ! greate/ ?+s 9 nature & ! l9ks ( cause & effect :i* connect !m1 are utt]ly beyond our rea*4 ,! sun rises & sets2 ! moon & ! />s move ?r\gh ! sky2 f9e wea!r & /orms1 cold & heat1 alt]nate4 ,! sea *anges f viol5t di/urbance to glassy calm1 z ! w9ds sweep ov] x ) v>y+ /r5g? or die away2 innum]able plants & animals come 9 be+ & vani% aga91 )\t our be+ able to ex]t ! slighte/ influ5ce on ! maje/ic procession ( ! s]ies ( great natural ev5ts4 ,hurricanes ravage "o spot2 e>?quakes de/roy ano!r2 volcanic eruptions lay wa/e a ?ird4 ,a f9e season scatt]s weal? & abundance "h1 & a long dr\ght br+s pe/il5ce & fam9e !re4 ,9 all su* cases1 ! direct influ5ce ( man avails him no?+2 &1 s long z he is ignorant1 he is ! m]e sport ( ! great] p[]s ( nature4 ,b ! fir/ ?+ t m5 le>n$1 z soon z !y began to /udy nature c>efully1 0 t "s ev5ts take place 9 regul> ord] & t "s causes always give rise to ! same effects4 ,! sun always rises on "o side & sets on ! o!r side ( ! sky2 ! *anges ( ! moon foll[ "o ano!r 9 ! same ord] & ) simil> int]vals2 "s />s nev] s9k bel[ ! horizon ( ! place 9 :i* we live2 ! seasons are m or less regul>2 wat] always fl[s d[n-hill2 fire always burns2 plants gr[ up f se$ & yield se$1 f :i* l plants gr[ up aga92 animals are born1 gr[1 rea* maturity1 & die1 age aft] age1 9 ! same way4 ,?us ! notion ( an ord] ( nature & ( a fixity 9 ! relation ( cause & effect betwe5 ?+s gradually ent]$ ! m9ds ( m54 ,s f> z su* ord] prevail$ x 0 felt t ?+s 7 expla9$2 :ile ! ?+s t c\ld n be expla9$ 7 said to h come ab\t by *ance1 or to happ5 by accid5t4 ,b ! m c>efully nature has be5 /udi$1 ! m widely has ord] be5 f\nd to prevail1 :ile :at seem$ disord] has prov$ to be no?+ b complexity2 until1 at pres5t1 no "o is s fooli% z to believe t any?+ happ5s by *ance1 or t !re are any real accid5ts1 9 ! s5se ( ev5ts :i* h no cause4 ,& if we say t a ?+ happ5s by *ance1 ev]ybody admits t all we really mean is1 t we d n "k its cause or ! reason :y t p>ticul> ?+ happ5s4 ,*ance & accid5t are only aliases#a ( ignorance4 ,at ?is pres5t mom5t1 z ,i look out ( my w9d[1 x is ra9+ & bl[+ h>d1 & ! bran*es ( ! trees are wav+ wildly to & fro4 ,x may be t a man has tak5 %elt] "u "o ( ^! trees2 p]haps1 if a /rong] gu/ ?an usual comes1 a bran* w break1 fall ^u ! man1 & s]i\sly hurt him4 ,if t happ5s x w be call$ an 8accid5t10 & ! man w p]haps say t by 8*ance0 he w5t out1 & !n 8*anc$0 to take refuge "u ! tree1 & s ! 8accid5t0 happ5$4 ,b !re is nei!r *ance nor accid5t 9 ! matt]4 ,! /orm is ! effect ( causes op]at+ ^u ! atmosph]e1 p]haps hundr$s ( miles away2 e vibration ( a leaf is ! consequ5ce ( ! me*anical =ce ( ! w9d act+ on ! surface expos$ to x2 if ! b\gh breaks1 x w d s 9 consequ5ce ( ! relation betwe5 its /r5g? & ! =ce ( ! w9d2 if x falls ^u ! man x w d s 9 consequ5ce ( ! action ( o!r def9ite natural causes2 & ! position ( ! man "u x is only ! la/ t]m 9 a s]ies ( causes & effects1 :i* h foll[$ "o ano!r 9 natural ord]1 f t cause1 ! effect ( :i* 0 8 sett+ out1 to t ! effect ( :i* 0 8 /epp+ "u ! tree4 ,b1 inasmu* z we are n wise en\gh to be able to unravel all ^! long & complicat$ s]ies ( causes & effects :i* lead to ! fall+ ( ! bran* ^u ! man1 we call su* an ev5t an accid5t4 ,:5 we h made out by c>eful & repeat$ obs]vation t some?+ is always ! cause ( a c]ta9 effect1 or t c]ta9 ev5ts always take place 9 ! same ord]1 we speak ( ! tru? ?us discov]$ z a law ( nature4 ,?us x is a law ( nature t any?+ heavy falls to ! gr\nd if x is unsupport$2 x is a law ( nature t1 "u ord9>y conditions1 lead is s(t & heavy1 :ile fl9t is h>d & brittle2 because exp]i5ce %[s u t heavy ?+s always d fall if !y are unsupport$1 t1 "u ord9>y conditions1 lead is always s(t1 & t fl9t is always h>d4 ,9 fact1 ev]y?+ t we "k ab\t ! p[]s & prop]ties ( natural objects & ab\t ! ord] ( nature may prop]ly be t]m$ a law ( nature4 ,b x is desirable to rememb] t :i* is v (t5 =gott51 t ! laws ( nature are n ! causes ( ! ord] ( nature1 b only our way ( /at+ z mu* z we h made out ( t ord]4 ,/ones d n fall to ! gr\nd 9 consequ5ce ( ! law j /at$1 z p sometimes c>elessly say2 b ! law is ! way ( ass]t+ t :i* inv>iably happ5s :5 heavy bodies at ! surface ( ! e>?1 /ones among ! re/1 are free to move4 ,! laws ( nature are1 9 fact1 9 ?is respect1 simil> to ! laws :i* m5 make = ! guidance ( _! conduct t[>d "o ano!r4 ,!re are laws ab\t ! paym5t ( taxes1 & !re are laws aga9/ /eal+ or murd]4 ,b ! law is n ! cause ( a man's pay+ 8 taxes1 nor is x ! cause ( 8 ab/a9+ f !ft & murd]4 ,! law is simply a /atem5t ( :at w happ5 to a man if he does n pay 8 taxes1 & if he commits !ft or murd]2 & ! cause ( 8 pay+ 8 taxes1 or ab/a9+ f crime 79 ! abs5ce ( any bett] motive7 is ! fe> ( consequ5ces :i* is ! effect ( 8 belief 9 t /atem5t4 ,a law ( man tells :at we may expect society w d "u c]ta9 circum/ances2 & a law ( nature tells u :at we may expect natural objects w d "u c]ta9 circum/ances4 ,ea* conta9s in=mation address$ to our intellig5ce1 & except s f> z x ,influ5ces our intellig5ce1 x is m]ely s mu* s\nd or writ+4 ,:ile !re is ?is mu* analogy betwe5 human & natural laws1 h[ev]1 c]ta9 ess5tial diff]5ces betwe5 ! two mu/ n be ov]look$4 ,human law consi/s ( comm&s address$ to volunt>y ag5ts1 :i* !y may obey or disobey2 & ! law is n r5d]$ null & void by be+ brok54 ,natural laws1 on ! o!r h&1 are n comm&s1 b ass]tions respect+ ! inv>iable ord] ( nature2 & !y rema9 laws only s long z !y c be %[n to express t ord]4 ,to speak ( ! violation1 or ! susp5sion1 ( a law ( nature is an absurdity4 ,all t ! phrase c really mean is t1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances ! ass]tion conta9$ 9 ! law is n true2 & ! j conclusion is1 n t ! ord] ( nature is int]rupt$1 b t we h made a mi/ake 9 /at+ t ord]4 ,a true natural law is a univ]sal rule1 &1 z su*1 admits ( no exceptions4 ,aga91 human laws h no mean+ ap>t f ! exi/5ce ( human society4 ,natural laws express ! g5]al c\rse ( nature1 ( :i* human society =ms only an insignificant fraction4 ,if no?+ happ5s by *ance1 b ev]y?+ 9 nature foll[s a def9ite ord]1 & if ! laws ( nature embody t :i* we h be5 able to le>n ab\t ! ord] ( nature 9 accurate language1 !n x becomes v important = u to "k z _m z we c ( ^! laws ( nature1 9 ord] t we may guide our conduct by !m4 ,any man :o %\ld attempt to live 9 a c\ntry )\t ref]5ce to ! laws ( t c\ntry w\ld v soon f9d himself 9 tr\ble4 ,& if he 7 f9$1 imprison$1 or ev5 hang$1 s5sible p w\ld probably consid] t he _h e>n$ 8 fate by 8 folly4 ,9 l mann]1 any "o :o tries to live ^u ! face ( ?is e>? )\t att5tion to ! laws ( nature w live !re = b a v %ort "t1 mo/ ( :i* w be pass$ 9 exce$+ discom=t2 a peculi>ity ( natural laws1 z di/+ui%$ f ^? ( human enactm5t1 be+ t !y take effect )\t summons or prosecution4 ,9 fact1 nobody c\ld live = half a day unless he att5d$ to "s ( ! laws ( nature2 & ?\s&s ( u are dy+ daily1 or liv+ mis]ably1 because m5 h n yet be5 suffici5tly zeal\s to le>n ! code ( nature4 ,x has already be5 se5 t ! practice ( all our arts & indu/ries dep5ds ^u our kn[+ ! prop]ties ( natural objects :i* we c get hold ( & put toge!r2 & ?\gh we may be able to ex]t no direct control ov] ! great] natural objects & ! g5]al succession ( causes & effects 9 nature1 yet1 if we "k ! prop]ties & p[]s ( ^! objects1 & ! cu/om>y ord] ( ev5ts1 we may elude t :i* is injuri\s to u1 & pr(it by t :i* is favorable4 ,?us1 ?\gh m5 c n[ise alt] ! reasons or *ange ! process ( gr[? 9 plants1 yet hav+ le>n$ ! ord] ( nature 9 ^! matt]s1 !y make arrangem5ts = s[+ & reap+ accord+ly2 !y c n make ! w9d bl[1 b :5 x does bl[ !y take advantage ( its kn[n p[]s & probable direction to sail %ips & turn w9d-mills2 !y c n arre/ ! lightn+1 b !y c make x h>mless by means ( conductors1 ! con/ruction ( :i* implies a k ( "s ( ! laws ( t electricity ( :i* lightn+ is "o ( ! manife/ations4 ,=ew>n$ is =e>m$1 says ! prov]b2 & k ( ! laws ( nature is =ew>n+ ( t :i* we may expect to happ51 :5 we h to deal ) natural objects4 ,no l9e c be drawn betwe5 common k ( ?+s & sci5tific k2 nor betwe5 common reason+ & sci5tific reason+4 ,9 /rictness all accurate k is sci5ce2 & all exact reason+ is sci5tific reason+4 ,! me?od ( obs]vation & exp]im5t1 by :i* su* great results are obta9$ 9 sci5ce1 is id5tically ! same z t :i* is employ$ by e "o1 e day ( 8 life1 b ref9$ & r5d]$ precise4 ,if a *ild acquires a new toy1 he obs]ves its *>act]s & exp]im5ts ^u its prop]ties2 & we are all ( u con/antly mak+ obs]vations & exp]im5ts ^u "o ?+ or ano!r4 ,b ^? :o h nev] tri$ to obs]ve accurately w be surpris$ to f9d h[ difficult a bus9ess x is4 ,!re is n "o p]son 9 a hundr$ :o c describe ! commone/ occurr5ce ) ev5 an approa* to accuracy4 ,t is to say1 ei!r he w omit some?+ :i* did occur1 & :i* is ( importance1 or he w imply or sugge/ ! occurr5ce ( some?+ :i* he did n actually obs]ve1 b :i* he unconsci\sly inf]s mu/ h happ5$4 ,:5 two tru?ful witnesses contradict "o ano!r 9 a c\rt ( ju/ice1 x usually turns out t "o or o!r1 or sometimes bo?1 are conf\nd+ _! inf]5ces f :at !y saw ) t :i* !y actually saw4 ,a swe>s t ,b pick$ 8 pocket4 ,x turns out t all ,a really kn[s is t he felt a h& 9 8 pocket :5 ,b 0 close to him2 & t ,b 0 n ! ?ief1 b ,c1 :om ,a did n obs]ve4 ,untra9$ obs]v]s mix up toge!r _! inf]5ces f :at !y see ) t :i* !y actually see 9 ! mo/ wond]ful way2 & ev5 exp]i5c$ & c>eful obs]v]s are 9 con/ant dang] ( fall+ into ! same error4 ,sci5tific obs]vation is su* z is at once full1 precise1 & free f unconsci\s inf]5ce4 ,exp]im5t is ! obs]vation ( t :i* happ5s :5 we int5tionally br+ natural objects toge!r1 or sep>ate !m1 or 9 any way *ange ! conditions "u :i* !y are plac$4 ,sci5tific exp]im5t1 !re=e1 is sci5tific obs]vation1 p]=m$ "u accurately kn[n artificial conditions4 ,x is a matt] ( common obs]vation t wat] sometimes freezes4 ,! obs]vation becomes sci5tific :5 we asc]ta9 "u :at exact conditions ! *ange ( wat] into ice takes place4 ,! commone/ exp]im5ts tell u t wood floats 9 wat]4 ,sci5tific exp]im5t %[s t1 9 float+1 x displaces its own weight ( ! wat]4 ,sci5tific reason+ diff]s f ord9>y reason+ 9 j ! same way z sci5tific obs]vation & exp]im5t diff] f ord9>y obs]vation & exp]im5t--t is to say1 x /rives to be accurate2 & x is j z h>d to reason accurately z x is to obs]ve accurately4 ,9 sci5tific reason+ g5]al rules are collect$ f ! obs]vation ( _m p>ticul> cases2 &1 :5 ^! g5]al rules are e/abli%$1 conclusions are d$uc$ f !m1 j z 9 ev]yday life4 ,if a boy says t 8m>bles are h>d10 he has drawn a conclusion z to m>bles 9 g5]al f ! m>bles he happ5s to h se5 & felt1 & has reason$ 9 t mode :i* is te*nically t]m$ induction4 ,if he decl9es to try to break a m>ble ) 8 tee?1 x is because he consci\sly or unconsci\sly p]=ms ! conv]se op]ation ( d$uction f ! g5]al rule 8m>bles are too h>d to break ) "o's tee?40 ,y w le>n m ab\t ! process ( reason+ :5 y /udy logic1 :i* treats ( t subject 9 full4 ,at pres5t1 x is suffici5t to "k t ! laws ( nature are ! g5]al rules respect+ ! behavior ( natural objects1 :i* h be5 collect$ f innum]able obs]vations & exp]im5ts2 or1 9 o!r words1 t !y are inductions f ^? obs]vations & exp]im5ts4 ,! practical & !oretical results ( sci5ce are ! products ( d$uctive reason+ f ^! g5]al rules4 ,?us sci5ce & common s5se are n oppos$1 z p sometimes fancy !m to be1 b sci5ce is p]fect$ common s5se4 ,sci5tific reason+ is simply v c>eful common reason+1 & common k gr[s into sci5tific k z x becomes m & m exact & complete4 ,! way to sci5ce !n lies ?r\gh common k2 we mu/ ext5d t k by common obs]vation & exp]im5t1 & le>n h[ to /ate ! results ( our inve/igations accurately1 9 g5]al rules or laws ( nature2 f9ally1 we mu/ le>n h[ to reason accurately f ^! rules1 & ?us arrive at rational explanations ( natural ph5om5a1 :i* may suffice = our guidance 9 life4 ,,footnotes ,c ,f ,sci5ce ,prim]s4 ,introductory4 ,by ,pr(4 ,t4 ,h4 ,huxley1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,,! ,,circle ,,( ,,! ,,sci5ces4 ,sci5ce means classifi$ k4 ,!re may be mu* g5]al k t is n sci5ce4 ,x atta9s to t dignity only :5 ! p>ticul> facts kn[n are g5]aliz$1 & arrang$ 9 "s ord]1 in/ead ( be+ jumbl$ toge!r1 & ly+ ab\t loosely 9 ! memory1 to be tak5 up at r&om4 ,especially mu/ ! basal facts ( ! sci5ce be v]ifi$1 n assum$4 ,in=mation t is g5]al & assur$1 ?\gh z yet lack+ sy/em & a prop] ord]+ ( ! elem5t>y facts1 may1 & usually w 9 "t advance to ! dignity ( sci5ce4 ,hi/ory w>rants ?is expectation4 ,only let n ! boa/ be made1 or ! honor conf]r$ prematurely4 ,geography1 *emi/ry1 & political economy are all n[ sci5ces4 ,! fir/ has be5 recogniz$ among ! sci5ces f an e>ly day1 ?\gh x has advanc$ rapidly dur+ ! pres5t c5tury4 ,! la/ two are comp>atively new memb]s1 hav+ held _! place 9 ! 8,circle0 sc>cely a hundr$ ye>s4 ,true1 _m ( ! facts ( *emi/ry1 & ! pr9ciples ( political economy _h be5 kn[n = ages1 b ! k m5 _h ( !m lack$ ei!r sy/em or c]ta9ty1 or bo?4 ,s1 also1 9 respect to m9]alogy1 botany1 & zology1 a /ore ( kn[n facts _h be5 = ages accumulat+1 be=e !y c\ld rightly be call$ sci5ces4 ,to rea* t di/9ction ! quality & ord]ly arrangem5t ( ! ?+s kn[n are z necess>y z ! quantity4 ,9 ! head+ ( ?is s]ies ( articles1 8,circle0 does n sugge/ ! rim ( a :eel1 or a curv$ l9e all ! po9ts ( :i* are equally di/ant f ! c5t] ar\nd :i* x is drawn1 b r a gr\p ( sci5ces1 j z 8social circle10 & 8circle ( fri5ds0 indicate ! amicable relations ( ! p]sons )\t say+ any?+ ( _! positions 9 ! place ( _! meet+4 ,x is a goodly gr\p1 ?is family ( ! sci5ces1 & ! memb]s n[ s num]\s & hav+ su* di/9ctive *>act]i/ics w be introduc$1 n z a body b sev]ally1 & 9 five classes3 ,! ,ma!matical1 ,physical1 ,m5tal1 ,moral1 & ,social ,sci5ces4 ,!y hold su* intimate relations ) ea* o!r1 mutually giv+ & receiv+ aid1 t we w n attempt to keep ! memb]s ( classes f mix+ occasionally 9 our acc\nt ( !m1 z !y (t5 d 9 reality4 ,ma!matics is ! sci5ce ( quantities & numb]s4 ,its pr9ciples are ( ! fir/ importance1 & are ( s]vice 9 all ! dep>tm5ts ( sci5ce4 ,9 sev]al ( its subdivisions1 ( :i* brief m5tion w be made1 x uses kn[n quantities = ! det]m9ation ( ^? unkn[n1 reason+ f c]ta9 relations exi/+ betwe5 !m4 ,! qualities x discusses are repres5t$ by diagrams1 figures1 or symbols1 adopt$ = ! purpose4 ,x is cu/om>y to speak ( pure & mix$1 or ab/ract & appli$ ma!matics2 ! =m] treat+ ( laws1 pr9ciples1 & relations 9 ! ab/ract1 or )\t any special ref]5ce to any?+ z actual or exi/+4 ,! latt] discusses ! pr9ciples1 laws & relations 9 connection ) exi/+ ph5om5a4 ,! op]ations ) numb]s & symbols 9 pure ma!matics1 deal+ only ) ab/ract quantities1 d n necess>ily imply ! idea ( matt]4 ,^? ( ! sci5ce z appli$ h mu* to d ) mat]ial ph5om5a4 ,! elem5ts t ent] into ! calculations 9 bo? cases are axioms or self-evid5t tru?s1 ?+s t are kn[n intuitively1 or grasp$ by ! reason soon z pres5t$1 only 9 appli$ ma!matics1 us$ m or less 9 all sci5ces1 ^! same axiomatic1 self-evid5t tru?s are employ$ 9 ! discussion ( natural objects1 ! laws1 prop]ties1 & relations ( :i* are le>n$ mo/ly by exp]i5ce & induction4 ,! sci5ces class$ z pure ma!matics are ,ari?metic1 ,geometry1 ,algebra1 ,analytical ,geometry & ,calculus4 ,ari?metic is em95tly ! sci5ce ( numb]s1 & treats (1 or practically illu/rates _! nature & uses4 ,x employs ! n9e ,arabic digits or figures ) ! addition ( ! ciph]1 giv+ !m v>i\s positions to express num]ical values1 & n ! native qualities or functions ( ! ?+s to :i* !y are appli$4 ,! me?ods are ! same1 & ! results obta9$ equally true1 :atev] may be ! nature ( ! quantities ab\t :i* inquiry is made4 ,! elem5t>y or fundam5tal idea 9 ari?metic is unity1 express$ by ! figure #a1 f :i*1 ) ! help ( ! o!r eight digits1 & ! individually valueless ciph]1 #j1 expressions = all ! o!r values1 :ole or fractional1 are =m$4 ,z ari?metical processes und]lie1 or ent] into1 ! "w ( ne>ly all ma!matical calculations1 its great importance z a sci5ce is evid5t2 ?\gh z (t5 taught 9 our s*ools & us$ 9 bus9ess1 x is simply a me?od ( reckon+ or computation4 ,algebra is a k9dr$ sci5ce1 t1 by ! use ( lett]s & symbols1 enables u to solve m readily all difficult que/ions relat+ to numb]s4 ,x is1 inde$1 a k9d ( univ]sal ari?metic4 ,9 ! ord9>y ari?metic ! numb]s or figures employ$1 tak5 sep>ately1 h always ! same value1 & ! result1 :51 sometimes by a t$i\s process1 obta9$1 is applicable only to ! p>ticul> "q propos$1 b 9 solv+ ! problem by algebra1 s9ce we employ lett]s to :i* any values may be attribut$ at pleasure1 ! result obta9$ is l>gely applicable to all que/ions ( a p>ticul> class4 ,?us1 hav+ ! sum & diff]5ce ( two quantities giv51 we readily obta9 an algebraic expression = ! quantities !mselves4 ,by ! new me?od ! goal is rea*$ spe$ily1 & ! cabali/ic t]ms1 t may1 at 8 fir/ attempts1 p]plex & disc\rage ! "y /ud5t1 become 8 delight2 & 9 _m difficult processes greatly %ort5 ! "w1 enabl+ him ) ease to solve problems t to ! common ari?metician are t$i\s1 if n impossible4 ,geometry1 "o ( ! olde/ ( sci5ces1 measures ext5sion1 treats ( ord] & proportion 9 space4 ,its work+ elem5ts are n numb]s or symbols1 b po9ts1 & l9es1 ei!r /raight or curv$1 & surfaces1 ) volumes1 or solids4 ,! simpl] problems1 :5 successfully demon/rat$1 are us$ 9 solv+ ^? m complicat$1 mak+ ! progress easy4 ,l9es are made up ( po9ts1 & h ext5sion only 9 "o direction4 ,surfaces h l5g? & bread?1 & are di/+ui%$ z triangles1 quadrilat]als1 polygons1 etc41 accord+ to ! numb] ( l9es t circumscribe !m4 ,solids h l5g?1 bread?1 & ?ickness4 ,f a few elem5t>y facts1 mu* geometrical sci5ce has be5 d$uc$1 by v simple1 logical processes4 ,x is intimately relat$ to o!r sci5ces1 & ( mu* practical importance2 b1 if !re 7 no o!r advantage d]iv$1 z a discipl9e ( ! reason+ faculty !re c be no?+ bett]4 ,to pursue ! /udy pr(itably !re is little ne$ ( an in/ructor4 ,class recitations are helpful1 b let any "o int5t on p]sonal culture1 & hav+ only a little "t = ! "w1 get a good elem5t>y treatise on plane & solid geometry1 & /udy x4 ,! ex]cise w become a delight1 w give /r5g? & grip to ! faculties1 & furni% protection aga9/ ! m5tal dissipation caus$ by sp5d+ mu* "t 9 ! ha/y1 c>eless read+ ( :at is fitly call$ light lit]ature4 ,analytical geometry is t bran* :i* exam9es1 discusses & develops ! prop]ties ( geometrical magnitudes by ! use ( algebraic symbols4 ,! que/ions or problems are solv$1 n1 z 9 plane geometry1 by diagrams or figures drawn to %[ c]ta9 relations ( magnitudes1 b by mak+ algebraic symbols repres5t !m1 & ?us solv+ ! problems4 ,analysis is mu* us$ 9 simple algebraic processes1 b m 9 analytical geometry1 & 9 diff]5tial & integral calculus1 :i* has be5 call$ ! transc5d5tal analysis4 ,x is useful z a high] bran* ( ! sci5ce1 & )\t x ! be/ a*ievem5ts ( ! greate/ ma!maticians w\ld sc>cely h be5 possible4 ,^! la/ nam$ bran*es are g5]ally be/ pursu$ 9 our high] academies & colleges4 ,a college c\rse w\ld be sadly defici5t )\t !m1 b only = exceptional cases w\ld x be advisable to put !m 9 a c\rse ( /udy to be pursu$ privately4 ,if ?is brief m5tion ( ! high] ma!matics k9dles desire = fur!r k1 & y hesitate to grapple ) !m alone1 by all means g to college1 & aft] a prop] introduction1 :]e9 ! *ief emb>rassm5t is felt1 ev5 calculus w be f\nd an agreeable acqua9tance4 ,"u ! head ( 8,mix$ ,ma!matics10 applicable to bo? laws or ab/ract pr9ciples & facts1 ! discussion ( ?+s z actual & possible1 we h fir/1 me*anics1 ! sci5ce t treats ( ! v>i\s =ces & _! diff]5t effects4 ,by =ce is meant any p[] t t5ds to prev5t1 produce1 or modify motion4 ,?ree are recogniz$--7#a7 gravitation1 or ! attraction ( bodies t[>d ea* o!r2 7#b7 ! cause1 :atev] x may be1 ( light1 heat1 & electricity2 7#c7 life1 an equally my/]i\s p[] produc+ ! actions ( animals & ! gr[? ( plants4 ,^! =ces1 ?\gh entirely unse5 & _! causes unkn[n1 are def9ite quantities4 ,we readily conceive ( "o =ce z equal to1 or great] ?an ano!r1 & "k t equal =ces1 appli$ 9 opposite directions1 balance ea* o!r4 ,to ev]y?+ t moves !re is =ce appli$ great] ?an ! resi/ance to be ov]come4 ,a numb] ( =ces may act on an object at ! same "t1 accel]at+1 ret>d+1 or *ang+ ! direction ( ! motion giv5 to x4 ,:5 ! =ces are s balanc$ z to hold ! body on :i* !y act 9 a /ate ( equilibrium1 _! action & consequ5t ph5om5a are inve/igat$ "u ! head ( ,,/atics1 or ! sci5ce :i* treats ( bodies at re/4 ,:5 motion is produc$1 ,,dynamics consid]s ! laws t gov]n ! mov+ bodies & ! ph5om5a t result4 ,^! bran*es ( me*anical sci5ce are ( great practical importance1 & a k ( !m w\ld save f _m blund]s & failures result+ f incompet5ce4 ,! same laws gov]n 9 ! movem5t ( all bodies1 :e!r solid or liquid4 ,hydro/atics1 ,hydrodynamics1 ,hydraulics1 etc41 are bran*es ( ! same sci5ce1 & wor?y ( sep>ate m5tion only because !y apply ! g5]al pr9ciples ( /atics & dynamics to ! ph5om5a ( re/ or motion 9 liquids4 ,! f\ndation = all t is peculi> 9 ^! bran*es ) ! l5g!n$ names1 & t toge!r may be call$ ,hydro-me*anics1 lies 9 ! prop]ties t di/+ui% ! liquid f o!r /ates ( mat]ial bodies1 :e!r gase\s or solid1 viz43 9 ! pres5ce ( cohesion1 b ) great mobility ( p>ts & m or less ela/icity4 ,"s peculi>ities are s notewor?y z to des]ve m5tion ev5 9 ?is limit$ pres5tation4 ,because ( ! only slight cohesive attraction1 & entire fre$om ( motion among ! p>ticles1 liquid bodies possess no def9ite =m ( _! own1 b adapt !mselves to ! =m ( ! excavations or vessels conta9+ !m4 ,!y1 ( c\rse1 v>y mu* 9 _! fluidity1 ! mobile liquids1 z wat] & alcohol1 fl[+ m readily ?an molasses1 heavy oils1 & t>4 ,fluids at re/ press equally 9 all directions1 upw>d1 d[nw>d1 & lat]ally4 ,9 ?is1 also1 !y diff] f solids t press only d[n1 or 9 ! direction ( ! c5t] ( gravitation4 ,if n conf9$ !y c n be heap$ up1 b _! p>ticles seek a common level4 ,an absolute wat] level is1 ( c\rse1 possible only :5 ! area cov]$ is s limit$ t l9es jo9+ all ! po9ts on ! surface ) ! c5t] ( gravity are practically p>allel1 or _! conv]g5ce an inappreciable quantity4 ,9 l>ge bodies ( wat]1 z ! ocean1 ! surface corresponds ) ! g5]al rotundity ( ! e>?4 ,! fact ( ! equal pressure ( liquids 9 all directions1 & ) ! same int5sity1 is f\nd ( great importance 9 practical me*anics4 ,! /rong pressure ( a small column ( wat] is f9ely illu/rat$ by simple exp]im5t ) ! wat] bell[s1 or hydraulic p>adox1 9 :i* "o p\nd ( wat] 9 a tube lifts a hundr$ p\nds on ! top ( ! bell[s1 & ! great] ! disproportion betwe5 ! diamet] ( ! tube & t ( ! top ( ! bell[s1 ! great] weight x w raise4 ,m ?an two hundr$ ye>s ago ,pascal %[$ ! enorm\s pressure ex]t$ by a l(ty column ( wat] 9 a small tube4 ,a /rong cask 0 fill$ ) wat]1 & a small tube =ty feet high closely fitt$ 9 its head1 :5 a few p9ts ( wat] p\r$ into x bur/ ! cask1 & w\ld h done s if x _h be5 made ( ! /ronge/ oak5 /aves & b\nd ) hoops ( iron4 ,?is is ! p[] us$ 9 ! hydraulic press1 a v simple ma*9e ( mu* value 9 ! indu/rial arts :5 !re is a dem& = great =ce t c be sl[ly & /eadily appli$1 z 9 compress+ clo?1 oil cake1 pap]1 gunp[d] & num]\s o!r ?+s4 ,its p>ts are s few t x c be describ$ )\t a model to repres5t x4 ,a small1 upright cyl9d]1 ) a closely fitt+ pi/on us$ z a pump to draw & =ce ! wat]1 & connect$ at ! base by a tube ) a mu* l>g] cyl9d] directly "u ! sub/ance to be press$1 9 :i* !re is also a pi/on to be mov$ upw>d1 ?\gh wat] tight4 ,! :ole is secur$ 9 position by p[]ful frame "w4 ,b5ea? ! pi/on ! wat] is receiv$4 ,& kn[+ ! pr9ciples ( hydro/atics we c e/imate its p[]4 ,if ! areas ( ! l[] surfaces ( ! two pi/ons are to ea* o!r z "o to f\r hundr$ squ>e in*es1 "o p\nd pressure on ! small "o w deliv] to ! l[] surface ( ! l>ge "o a pressure equal to f\r hundr$ p\nds weight4 ,b let ! arms ( ! lev] us$ z ! =ce pump h&le be to ea* o!r z "o to fifty4 ,!n :5 a =ce ( fifty p\nds is appli$ at ! end ( ! long arm ( ! lev] x w desc5d ) a =ce ( #ejejb1ejj1 & !re w be deliv]$ on ! l[] surface ( ! l>ge pi/on a p[] to raise x express$ by #ejejdjja1jjj1jjj4 ,"s all[ance mu/ be made = friction or o!r imp$im5ts1 say "o f\r?1 :i* is m ?an en\gh1 & /ill a man or boy at ! end ( t pump h&le w\ld be able to lift at lea/ ?ree hundr$ & sev5ty-five tons4 ,! sci5ces we h be5 consid]+ "u ! g5]al "n ( me*anics1 :i* is d]iv$ f a ,greek ^w t means to contrive1 inv5t1 con/ruct1 h mu* to d ) ma*9]y1 ) ! me?ods ( con/ruction1 ! propell+ =ces1 & ! ph5om5a produc$4 ,!re 7 ma*9i/s & "s simple ma*9es propell$ by human or brute =ce1 by weights & spr+s1 by fall+ or runn+ wat]1 & air 9 motion be=e ! laws ( motion & =ces 7 und]/ood1 or ! rude me*anic arts began to assume ! "* ( a sci5ce4 ,! ma*9es 71 ( c\rse1 imp]fect1 & lack$ effici5cy1 :ile _m ( ^? n[ 9 use seem ne>ly p]fect & adapt$ to ! "w expect$ ( !m4 ,b not)/&+ ! m>vel\s advance t has be5 made 9 ! manufacture ( ma*9]y1 & ! intellig5t application ( me*anical p[]s1 we look = /ill great] ?+s z possible 9 ! future4 ,x is well1 h[ev]1 nev] to =get t :atev] ! seem+ may be1 ! mo/ p]fect ma*9e ( human inv5tion does n create =ce4 ,t is z impossible = man z x is to give life or create matt]4 ,all he c d is to collect1 conc5trate & use1 to ! be/ advantage1 ! =ces t exi/4 ,he may by skillful appliances ga9 a great me*anic advantage1 & ov]come v =midable resi/ance1 b he mu/ be cont5t to d x v sl[ly2 & x has be5 (t5 said t 8:at he ga9s 9 p[] he loses 9 spe$40 ,9 _m cases ?is seems a necessity1 & he mu/ submit to x4 ,8 simple/ ma*9e1 if ! fulcrum is plac$ v ne> ! weight1 gives a man trem5d\s p[] ga9$ by 8 position at ! long arm ( ! ma*9e4 ,b ! po9t at :i* he applies ! =ce mu/ move mu* fa/] & a great] di/ance ?an ! object aga9/ :i* x is direct$4 ,s :5 a man ) a sy/em ( pulleys raises to ! top ( a t[] a block ( granite t f\r m5 might lift f ! gr\nd he sacrifices 9 spe$ :at he ga9s 9 ! new way ( apply+ ! =ce he has = ! purpose4 ,y visit a l>ge manufactur+ e/abli%m5t or ! me*anical dep>tm5t ( a great national or int]national indu/rial exposition & see a :ole acre ( ma*9]y ( all k9ds1 %afts1 :eels1 saws1 la!s1 & sp9dles 9 rapid motion1 &1 a/oni%$ at ! complications1 inquire = ! p[] t c>ries ! :ole4 ,y w possibly f9d x is 9 "s remote "p ( ! premises1 & %ut up 9 ! motionless boil] :]e ! /eam is said to be g5]at$1 :i* only means t ! wat] heat$ exp&s & /ruggles to escape f its conf9em5t1 :ile man und]/&+ ! laws ( its action manages to lib]ate ! =ce "u conditions t make x 8 s]vant4 ,! sci5ce ( numb]s & magnitudes1 useful 9 discuss+ ! di/ances1 measurem5ts1 & motions ( t]re/rial bodies1 is especially s 9 its application to a/ronomy4 ,a/ronomy z a physical sci5ce w receive consid]ation 9 ! next numb]2 "h only ! ma!matical elem5ts are notic$1 & !y are ev]y:]e manife/4 ,! same g5]al laws control all mat]ial bodies1 ^? ne> to u1 & ^? se5 at a di/ance4 ,s ! sci5ce ( ! />s is n n[ m]e !ory1 b has all ! elem5ts ( ma!matical c]ta9ty4 ,:5 deal+ ) su* va/ numb]s & magnitudes z engage ! a/ronom]'s att5tion1 ) a few kn[n pr9ciples or laws1 & abundant record$ telescopic obs]vations = ! basis ( _! "w1 m5 c calculate ev5 m accurately ?an !y c c\nt or measure4 ,hav+ once prep>$ _! !orem1 aid$ by ! log>i?ms ( ,napi]#a t simplify & %ort5 ! m difficult ari?metical calculations1 !y c readily det]m9e ! di/ance1 magnitude & motions ( a planet1 & "k t x is done ) suffici5t exactness4 ,! di/ances ( ! heav5ly bodies are g5]ally det]m9$ by _! p>allax1 t is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! directions ( ! bodies z se5 f two diff]5t po9ts4 ,! incl9ation ( ! l9es ?us drawn is ! angle ( p>allax4 ,by suppos+ ! l9es prolong$ to ! sun1 & o!r l9es drawn ?r\gh ! po9ts select$ to ! c5t] ( ! e>? a quadrangle is =m$1 all ! angles & sides ( :i* are easily f\nd4 ,9 measur+ v m9ute p>allaxes x may n be possible to det]m9e ! exact position ( ! body z project$ on ! cele/ial sph]e1 b 9 t case rec\rse c be _h to relative p>allax1 or ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! p>allaxes ( two bodies ly+ ne>ly 9 ! same direction4 ,! be/ opportunity = ?is is af=d$ by ! transit ( ,v5us1 & on ?is acc\nt great int]e/ is felt 9 t ph5om5on1 & ext5sive prep>ations are made = tak+ accurate obs]vations4 ,! figure1 size & d5sity ( ! cele/ial bodies h all be5 calculat$ ) approximate c]ta9ty4 ,! orbits1 ?r\gh :i* !y pass 9 _! revolutions1 describ$1 & _! velocities asc]ta9$4 ,!re is a sol> sy/em ( :i* ! sun is ! c5t]1 & 9 its relation to ! planets /ation>y1 ?\gh really mov+ on ?r\gh inf9ite space2 ! orbits ?r\gh :i* planets move are n circles1 b m or less elliptic1 hav+ ! sun at "o focus ( ! ellipse4 ,t planets move 9 ellipses 0 ann\nc$ by ,kepl]#b z ! fir/ law gov]n+ _! motions1 & a second d$uc$ f ?is & confirm$ by obs]vations1 is t !y d n move ) equal velocity 9 all p>ts ( _! orbits2 & t a l9e drawn f ! c5t] ( ! e>? to ! c5t] ( ! sun passes ov] equal spaces 9 equal times4 ,he also f\nd z a ?ird law t ! squ>es ( ! times ( ! revolutions ( ! planets are proportional to ! cubes ( _! mean di/ances f ! sun4 ,navigation %[s h[ vessels are direct$ 9 _! c\rse ^u ! great wat]s4 ,9 proportion z ! 8pa?s ( ! seas0 h become op51 safe & free = all1 !y are f\nd pa?s ( k & civilization4 ,! sci5ce1 small at its beg9n+1 has gr[n to its pres5t advanc$ /ate by sl[ degrees1 help$ by contributions f ! mo/ opposite s\rces4 ,practical b un$ucat$ seam5 h d\btless done mu*1 z _! +5uity is (t51 9 em]g5cies1 tax$ to supply means ( safety & success t are want+4 ,m has be5 contribut$ by s*ol>s1 seclud$ philosophic m5 ^: lives are sp5t 89 communion ) ! skies10 9 obs]v+ ! motions ( ! heav5ly bodies & /udy+ ! laws by :i* !y are regulat$4 ,b p]haps ! mo/ valuable s]vice has be5 r5d]$ by ano!r class :o comb9e an exp]i5ce ( ! sea ) mu* k ( a/ronomical sci5ce1 m5 acqua9t$ ) ! ne$s ( seam5 & qualifi$ to meet !m4 ,! introduction ( ! m>9]'s compass e>ly 9 ! fifte5? c5tury 0 an epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( navigation1 z x made seam5 9 a measure indep5d5t ( ! sun & />s4 ,?is 0 an incalculable advantage1 z soon became app>5t to ^? :o adopt$ ! compass z _! guide4 ,( ! _m improvem5ts & helps 9 ! sci5ce ( navigation we c only "n1 z conspicu\s1 ! inv5tion ( ,m]cator's *>t#c 9 #aefi1 ,davis's quadrant#d ab\t #afjj1 & ,hadley's quadrant a c5tury lat]4 ,! "* ( ! in/rum5ts & a glance at ! ,nautical ,almanac w %[ h[ l>gely bo? ma!matics & a/ronomy ent] into ! sci5ce ( navigation4 ,nor is x q safe to take passage ) a %ipma/] :o has b limit$ k ( ei!r4 ,he %\ld at lea/ ?or\ghly und]/& 8 in/rum5ts & be a ready1 accurate comput]4 ,geometry grew out ( ! practice ( survey+1 & n[ embodies _m ( ! laws & pr9ciples ( ! sci5ce4 ,!re are sev]al di/9ct sy/ems ( survey+1 class$ accord+ to ! purposes contemplat$4 ,x is a/ronomically employ$ 9 det]m9+ ! figure ( ! e>? by ! actual measurem5t ( arcs4 ,a fair k ( ma!matics & trigonometry is requir$ 9 :at are kn[n z coa/ surveys4 ,l& survey+ is ( ! pla9e/ k9d1 & employ$ 9 f9d+ ! cont5ts ( areas1 or 9 divid+ l>ge tracts into lots ( small] dim5sions4 ,! *ief difficulty is 9 gett+ ! exact be>+ ( ! l9es & ! measure ( ! angles :5 ! plot is an irregul> polygon4 ,topographical survey+1 beside ! measurem5t ( l9es & angles1 takes note ( v>iations ( level1 t ! draft may prop]ly repres5t sup]ficial inequalities4 ,m>itime survey+ is an important bran*1 fix+ ! positions ( %oals1 rocks & %ore-l9es4 ,m9e survey+ det]m9es ! location ( works 9 ! m9e & decides :e!r ! excavations con=m1 z requir$1 to l9es on ! surface4 ,! compass & *a9 are ! surveyor's mo/ common in/rum5ts1 b o!rs are us$ accord+ to ! nature ( ! surveys to be made4 ,incompet5cy or c>elessness 9 surveys (t5 occasions s]i\s tr\ble & loss4 ,=tifications = ! def5se ( cities & ! protection ( soldi]s are z anci5t z ! exi/5ce ( armies4 ,! =m]1 built 9 "t ( peace1 ( su* =m & mat]ials z milit>y sci5ce & exp]i5ce sugge/1 are call$ 8p]man5t =tifications20 & ! tempor>y works con/ruct$ z ! exig5cies ( a campaign require are 8field =tifications40 ,! art & sci5ce h be5 practic$ & /udi$ 9 all ages1 & !re is n[ an imm5se lit]ature on ! subject4 ,z me?ods ( def5se mu/ be adju/$ to ^? ( attack ! e>li] p]man5t =tifications1 9 ! progress ( society & aft] ! introduction ( artill]y1 became ne>ly wor?less4 ,high /one walls are a protection :ile !y /&1 b1 h[ev] /rong1 !y c be batt]$ d[n by heavy siege guns t h less effect :5 direct$ aga9/ e>? works1 :i* seem less =midable4 ,a place ?or\ghly =tifi$ is seldom tak5 by a sudd5 assault4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates h =tifi$ less ?an mo/ ( ! great ,european nations1 b are by no means def5seless4 ,previ\s to #ahfj !re _h be5 exp5d$ on our =ts m ?an #cj1jjj1jjj2 & all ! expos$ positions h be5 greatly /r5g!n$ )9 ! la/ tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,end ( ,requir$ ,read+ = ,febru>y4 ,,! ,,poet',s ,,vision4 ,,by ,,m>y ,a4 ,,la?bury4 ,my ,lady ,lily1 ! wat]s sleep1 ,& ! w9ds are among ! clov]2 ,w\ld ,i c\ld he> ! tale y told ,! ,poet once1 till ) voice ( gold ,s++ x ov] & ov] ,he came to ! c\rt & cri$1 8,o k+1 ,my song ( ?y /ate & glory ,is dead on my lips6 ,i am done ) /rife1 ,& c\rts1 & conque/s4 ,a song ( life ,i h le>n$ f a wat] lily40 8,c>ol u !n ?y pretty song1 ,sir ,poet60 ! k+ cri$1 sne]+2 ,s /&+ /atelie/ ( !m all ,! l5g? ( ! royal banquet hall1 ,& fl++ a look unfe>+1 ,full on ! k+ & 8 c\rt1 :o sat ,smil+ 9 f9e d]ision1 ,he sang or *ant$ z *ants a se] ,:5 s5se is fad+1 & drawe? ne> ,! high beatific vision4 ,he sang ( life 9 ! soil ( dea?1 ,a se$ ( a heav5ly s[+2 ,asleep 9 ! murk & mire ( e>?1 ,9 sil5ce wait+ its wondr\s bir?1 ,( dea? or ( life unkn[+4 ,he sang ( ! ,sun ( ,life--,8 que/ ,9 our dea?-deeps d>k & *illy2 ,( love t quick5s to life ! dead1 ,z ! sun rays seek 9 ! riv]-b$ ,! g]m ( ! wat] lily4 ,he sang ( ,fai?--( ! eye t seeks ,) a sightless aspiration ,! s\rce ( ,love & ! f\nt ( ,light1 ,till f> 9 ! folds ( ! utmo/ night1 ,/orm-swept ) fi]ce temptation1 ,a light breaks ?r\gh l a fa9t :ite />1 ,t gr[s & gr[s l ! dawn+1 ,till1 veil$ 9 vapors1 x hangs above ,! wak5$ s\l z ! face ( ,love1 ,& ,life has begun its morn+4 ,he sang ( ,life 9 ! spr+ o' day1 ,( pati5ce1 & tru?1 & duty1-- ,! n>r[ ways to ! full release1 ,:51 lapp$ 9 light & a dream ( peace1 ,x bur/s z a fl[] to beauty4 ,he sang--& 8 words fell ?ick & fa/-- ,( ! resurrection glory2 ,( good f evil1 ( life f dea?1 ,& !n1 ) hesitant1 bat$ brea?1 ,! ,god-man's m>vel\s /ory4 ,!n sil5ce fell on ! k+ & c\rt1 ,& out ?r\gh ! op5 portal ,! poet pass$ ) a solemn /ride ,into ! midnight spaces wide1 ,or into ! life immortal4 ,my ,lady ,lily1 y w n wake1 ,wrapp$ 9 y\r dreams ,elysian1 ,b ?is is ! my/ic tale y hold1 ,deep 9 y\r tremul\s he>t ( gold2 ,& ?is 0 ! ,poet's vision4 ,,! ,,homelike ,,h\se4 ,,by ,,susan ,,hayes ,,w>d4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,,! ,,family ,,p>lor4 ,f ! gay _w we'll (t retire ,to our own family & fire1 ,:]e love our h\rs employs2 ,no noisy neighbor ent]s "h ,no int]m$dl+ /rang] ne>1 ,to spoil our he>tfelt joys4 --,n4 ,cotton4 ,! room :i* above all o!rs %\ld be furni%$ ) ! mo/ lov+ ?\ght & lavi% exp5se is ! h\sehold p>lor1 or family sitt+ room4 ,"h ! fa!r reads 8 ev5+ pap]1 ! "m busies h]self ) h] ready ne$le1 ! *ildr5 8) books1 or "w or heal?ful play40 ,?is %\ld be to eye & body prem95tly a re/ful room1 commodi\s1 *e]ful4 ,if ! reception room = visitors ne$s ! *e] ( firelight1 h[ mu* m ! liv+ room ( ! h\sehold4 ,:itti]'s description ( ! homely com=t ( an old ,new ,engl& f>m h\se rema9s unexcell$ 9 ! lit]ature ( h\se furni%+3 8,%ut 9 f all ! _w )\t ,we sat ! clean-w+$ he>? ab\t1 ,cont5t to let ! nor? w9d ro> ,9 baffl$ rage at pane & door1 ,:ile ! r$ logs be=e u beat ,! fro/ l9e back ) tropic heat2 ,& ev]1 :5 a l\d] bla/ ,%ook beam & raft] z x pass$1 ,! m]ri] up its ro>+ draught ,! great ?roat ( ! *imney laugh$4 ,! h\se-dog on 8 paws outspread ,laid to ! fire 8 dr[sy head1 ,! cat's d>k silh\ette on ! wall ,a c\*ant tig]'s seem$ to fall1 ,&1 = ! w9t] fireside meet1 ,betwe5 ! &iron's /raddl+ feet ,! mug ( cid] simm]$ sl[1 ,! apples sputt]$ 9 a r[4 ,&1 close at h&1 ! basket /ood ,) nuts f br[n ,octob]'s wood4 ,:at matt] h[ ! night behav$8 ,:at matt] h[ ! nor? w9d rav$8 ,bl[ high1 bl[ l[1 n all its sn[ ,c\ld qu5* our he>?-fire's ruddy gl[40 ,= ! sake ( re/fulness to ! eye1 ! walls & c>pet %\ld be neutral 9 tone1 mak+ a good backgr\nd to ! family figures2 ! wall pap] be+ ( a good all-ov]i% patt]n t w n detract f pictures t may hang on x1 & ! c>pet or rug well mix$1 ( n too l\d a patt]n1 & )\t /rong contra/s ( light & d>k4 ,blue wall pap]s are h>d to deal )1 b creams1 fawns1 s(t gre5i% or olive-grays1 & simple leaf patt]ns ) slight v>iations ( color or %ade are all good = walls t are to be hung ) pictures1 z a sitt+ room %\ld be4 ,common but*]s' pap]1 put on 9 %eets1 ! bett] textur$ c>tridge pap]1 or %ea?+ pap] ) a pretty v>iation introduc$ by way ( frieze or dado are all re/ful to ! eye & good = ! sitt+ room walls4 ,! gre5s us$ %\ld n be %>p & crude1 b %\ld be modifi$1 mak+ !m yell[i%1 blui%1 or grayi%4 ,s ) r$s1 :i* w be bett] yell[i%1 slightly blui% 7n purpli%71 or br[ni%2 & yell[s :i* mu/ be modifi$ into creams1 old-golds1 or fawns4 ,?is rule is = l>ge surfaces4 ,a little pure1 bright color c be introduc$ "h & !re by way ( decoration1 & mu/ appe> some:]e 9 ! room if x is to h a *e]ful look1 b wait till y\r pictures are hung be=e y introduce mu* brilliant color4 ,x may take ! life out ( !m4 ,picture-rods are a great conv5i5ce1 &1 aft] ! fir/ exp5se1 save mu* tr\ble1 & mu* m>r+ ( walls by driv+ nails4 ,! picture-rod %\ld run bel[ ! frieze1 & a box ( picture-hooks ( suitable size = ! rods %\ld be kept ready to h&1 & picture-wire s t a new pa9t+ or engrav+ :5 x comes home may f9d its place at once & n /& on ! floor = a mon? wait+ till ! ma/] c drive a nail4 ,z = ! wall decorations1 !re %\ld be a look+-glass = family conv5i5ce ei!r 9 ?is p>lor or ! entry way 7! p>lor is ! bett] place71 & ! be/ pictures ! h\se af=ds1 always mak+ sure t !y are good pictures4 ,bett] always a good photograph1 or wood-cut1 or et*+1 ?an a poor *romo1 /eel engrav+1 or wat]-color2 & bett]1 a hundr$ fold1 a good wat]-color ?an a poor oil pa9t+4 ,if y\r family portraits are poor1 consign !m to ! g>ret or ! up/airs hall1 b1 if possible1 h at lea/ "o good pa9t+ 9 y\r home-room1 ev5 if x does co/ money2 & rememb] t a fir/-h& sket* by a good liv+ arti/ is bett] ?an a second-h& copy ( an old ma/]4 ,b "o good pa9t+ 9 a h\se1 :e!r a copy or an orig9al1 is a cont9ual art lesson4 ,a woman ( ta/e w n mix all mann] ( pictures toge!r on "o wall4 ,if possible1 %e w keep oil pa9t+s by !mselves1 & n put !m 9 juxtaposition ) wat]-colors--nor w %e put a picture suit$ only to a gall]y 9 a family sitt+ room4 ,nor w %e put ,bac*antes 9 ! same gr\p ) wor%ip+ *]ubs4 ,!re is a va/ deal ( /uff purely ephem]al t wom5 are apt to load _! walls )--,*ri/mas1 ,new ,ye>1 ,ea/] & bir?day c>ds1 & pa9t$ panels1 :i* may d v well to exhibit dur+ ! holidays or ! day or two aft] ! bir?day2 !n1 hav+ _h _! day1 !y %\ld cease to obtrude if n to be4 ,!re %\ld be a box or receptacle = all ?is clutt]2 su* s\v5irs are admirable = _! sugge/ions to ! amateur decorator or embroid]] ( ! family1 b !y %\ld n be all[$ to spot ! walls1 to hang f ! side brackets or to decorate ! look+-glass4 8,god bless our home0 is a dev\t aspiration :i* is bett] c>ri$ out 9 a godly life ?an work$ 9 cross-/it* & hung ov] ! sitt+ room door4 ,i h se5 ,scripture texts deftly inwr\ght into ! mural decoration ( a sea-side cottage1 v]ses f ! sailors' ,psalm be+ pa9t$ 9 a decorative way betwe5 bord] l9es ( frieze or dado1 :]e !y did n seem out ( place1 b ! summ] bo>d]s 7 well nigh driv5 f ano!r cottage because ( a c>d-bo>d abom9ation hung ov] ! mantel piece ( _! sitt+ room1 ) indigo cl\ds & grass-gre5 waves1 ) a ?ree-qu>t]s-l5g? ,*ri/ 9 all colors ( ! ra9b[ utt]+ ! magic words work$ 9 %ad$ r$s--8,peace1 ,be ,/ill40 ,! matt] ( mottoes has be5 ov]done1 & x is always safe to leave !m out altoge!r4 ,pa9t+s ^u plu% mu/ be exce$+ly good to make !m wor? hang+ any:]e4 ,usually su* decoration is a wa/e ( exp5sive mat]ial4 ,any way1 plu% is too easily spoil$ by du/ or c>eless h&l+ to make x welcome 9 ! family room4 ,pa9t+ ^u picture & look+-glass frames is ano!r misuse ( decoration4 ,a ,london arti/ ) r>e +5uity pa9ts a /alk ( lilies to hide a flaw 9 8 hall mirror1 & /raightway ! 8,decorative ,art0 salesrooms all ov] our l& effloresce ) bloom+ mirror frames ^: unprun$ v9es /raggle & trail ov] e glass4 ,! beauty ( a mirror is to h x absolutely cle> & free f du/ & dirt1 f+] m>ks or pa9t blot*es1 ?r\gh\t its entire surface4 ,fl[] pa9t+ 9 poly*rome ^u frames & easels is utt]ly out ( place1 z x calls ! eye (f f ! picture :i* ! frame or easel holds1 & rem9ds "o ( a s]vant deck$ out 9 f9]y surreptiti\sly borr[$ f h] mi/ress's w>drobe4 ,m>ble mantel pieces1 to be good1 mu/ be exp5sive4 ,a simple p9e mantel piece ) a little incis$ ornam5t is f> bett] ?an :ite or cold gray m>ble4 ,rais$1 /uck-on ornam5t is objectionable1 :e!r 9 wood or /one1 b mantel pieces1 book-cases & cab9ets give a f9e opportunity = dome/ic c>v+1 & "o c b wond] t m home +5uity is n exp5d$ on ! con/ruction & c>v+ ( mantels & o!r woodwork 9 our rooms1 su* z doors & w9d[s4 ,i h se5 a wood5 mantel piece small1 pla91 & some:at *eap & inf]ior-look+1 s improv$ by a little c>v+1 judici\sly introduc$ by ! man ( ! h\se--a small panel set 9 "h1 & ! edge ( ! %elf prettily f9i%$--t ! :ole ?+ grew dignifi$ at once & became a wor?y ornam5t ( ! 8sp>e room10 :5 pa9t$ 9 h>mony ) ! re/ ( ! woodwork4 ,! y\nge/ :ittl]s might be taught to use tools = ! family good1 if p>5ts 7 only will+ to g to a little tr\ble & exp5se 9 provid+ models1 tools & wood = _! use1 & a com=table *imney nook :]e ! "w c\ld be c>ri$ on4 ,9 ! s*ools ( ,philadelphia ,mr4 ,lel& has %[n h[ mu* may be done by boys & girls :5 _! ef=ts are wisely direct$4 ,:5 !re is no room 9 ! h\se specially set ap>t z a libr>y1 cab9ets & book cases =m an important "p ( ! sitt+ room furniture4 ,i w\ld h book %elves ( "s sort 9 e room ( a h\se2 b 9 ! room :]e ! family ga!rs !re %\ld be a special %elf = books ( ref]5ce4 ,an encyclopdia is ( z mu* value to ! h\sehold z a wood lot is to ! f>m4 ,bett] we> y\r old silk g[n or %abby ov]coat ano!r ye>1 or two ye>s ev51 & h y\r book ( ref]5ce always at h& = ! g5]al good4 ,! unabridg$ diction>y is a necessity1 & %\ld /& 9 its rack easy ( access to s*ool *ildr5 & _! eld]s z well4 ,a h\sehold book ( poetry1 ,dana's or ,bryant's1 or :atev] may be bett]1 & an equally compreh5sive volume ( religi\s v]se l ,gilman's1 or ,palgrave's *oice 8,gold5 ,treasury10 %\ld be well ?umb$ by ! *ildr51 & %\ld be plac$ tempt+ly at h&1 n lock$ beh9d glass doors4 ,glaz$ doors are dem&$ by collectors :o revel 9 vellum1 uncut leaves1 & r>e editions1 b cases t are well back$ & t h lea!rn1 or ev5 more5 or flannel1 val5ces tack$ to ! %elves1 w s]ve well en\gh to protect books 9 a h\se :]e all ! read+ matt] is = daily use or /udy4 ,a l[ book case ?ree or f\r feet high & broad en\gh to fill a g5]\s wall space1 runn+1 if ne$ be1 across "o side ( ! room1 may be f\nd ample en\gh = a family ^: libr>y is limit$4 ,pictures & vases c be rang$ ^u its top4 ,i "k a room t holds ?ree or f\r su* book cases ( eboniz$ p9e1 fill$ ) books & made gay ) val5ces ( sc>let more51 :i* yet scorns to be call$ 8! libr>y10 & is only kn[n z ! family 8sitt+ room40 ,val5ces ( lea!r or wool are suffici5t to protect ! books f du/ if ! cases are well back$4 ,9 addition to ! book case1 hang+ %elves = *ildr5's books1 or cab9ets = collections ( any sort1 c be made ( p9e1 & :5 absolutely pla91 if neatly v>ni%$1 ne$ n prove unsightly4 ,!y may ev5 be made v ornam5tal by a bright curta91 pla9 or embroid]$1 ) r+s atta*$ t run lightly ov] a brass rod or wire1 & scre5 ! cont5ts ( ! %elves f ! too inquisitive eye4 ,x is really a happy day = a h\sehold :5 "o ( its memb]s develops a hobby & beg9s to make a collection--n ( buttons or bus9ess c>ds1 b ( some?+ on :i* g5u9e /udy w n come amiss1 & !re is h>dly any l9e 9 :i* "o is likely to int]e/ himself :]e he may n (t5 pick up = a m]e trifle mu* t w be ( special value to 8 collection1 mu* t1 by itself1 w\ld be comp>atively wor?less1 b :i* 9 a collection has add$ wor? & dignity2 & any collection makes a new po9t ( int]e/ 9 a home4 ,9 a quiet c\ntry t[n :]e ,i once liv$1 ! boys ( ! village took to collect+ butt]flies & insects4 ,f>m]s c>ri$ turp5t9e or b5z9e 9 _! pockets1 & w\ld come home f _! hay+ fields ) hats gay ) ! captur$ mo?s & butt]flies !y 7 tak+ to ! collectors ( _! sev]al h\seholds4 ,?us homes hi!rto utt]ly want+ 9 any /hetic influ5ce1 seem$ to bright5 into some?+ positively *>m+1 :5 fa!r & "m1 son & daught] clu/]$ ab\t ! draw]s 9 ! front p>lor1 exhibit+ to any *ance visitor ! fragile treasures s c>efully arrang$ )9 !m1 & :5 a new specim5 0 captur$ ! collector w\ld 8,run x o'er & o'er ) gre$y view1 ,& look & look aga91 z he w\ld look x ?r\gh40 ,?9k ( ! _m l9es 9 :i* ! collector may "w6 ,! po/age /amp craze 0 by no means to be despis$2 x 0 a good geography lesson = ! *ildr51 & well up to ! times1 ?r[+ 9 a little hi/ory z well4 ,co9 collect+ is yet m pr(itable 9 ! same l9es1 & :5 conf9$ to ! co9s ( "o's own l&1 gives a wide en\gh range = ! av]age collector4 ,= ! out-(-door /ud5t !re are %ells1 sea mosses & birds' eggs1 fl[]s to press1 & m9]als to secure4 ,"o boy hunts up ,indian relics1 ano!r collects weapons ( v>i\s sorts1 f 8,! old que5's arm :i* ,gran'!r ,"y ,fet*$ back f ,concord1 bu/$10 to an ,au/ralian boom]ang or a ,s\? ,sea ,isl& club br\ght by ! sailor uncle f "s voyage ( long ago4 ,"o de>1 old lady has a *oice collection ( bits ( lace all dat$ & nam$2 ano!r ( pieces ( brocade1 an admirable comm5t>y on silk manufactory4 ,"h we f9d a treasur] ( fans1 & !re ( snuff-boxes2 "h ( *ildr5's photographs1 & !re ( photographs or autographs ( fam\s m52 & ev]y:]e1 all ov] our l&1 w be f\nd ! covet\s collector ( r>e1 old *9a & pott]y4 ,let ! *ildr5 be enc\rag$ to int]e/ !mselves 9 "s su* l9es z ^!1 n s z to make nuisances ( !mselves & museums ( _! homes--!re w be little dang] ( t--b en\gh to give !m a :olesome en?usiasm 9 "s p>ticul> l9e ( /udy4 ,a va/ deal ( g5]al in=mation is dissem9at$ ?r\gh a h\sehold1 unconsci\sly absorb$1 z x 71 :5 ea* "o has a hobby ( 8 own1 & gives out ( 8 *oice/ discov]ies = ! common good4 ,z to ! sitt+ room furniture1 !re are a few ess5tials t mu/ be emphasiz$4 ,!re %\ld be a table l>ge en\gh = half a doz5 p to sit ar\nd ( an ev5+--a r\nd "o is be/--/rong1 solid1 & cov]$ ) a s]viceable clo?4 ,!re are h&some wool5 table cov]s t gr[ yet h&som] ) age z _! colors mell[ toge!r1 b ! be/ is exp5sive4 ,a squ>e ( pla9 felt does v well1 & is 9 bett] ta/e ?an ! sc>let & gre5 felt clo?s /amp$ ) black figures t 7 s preval5t tw5ty ye>s ago4 ,a figur$ clo? %[s spots less ?an a pla9 "o4 ,if a mat ( "s sort1 or ev5 a newspap]1 is always laid d[n "u any lamp t burns k]os5e1 & if a blott] is always us$ :]e writ+ or pa9t+ is go+ on1 a pla9 clo? ought to la/ = ye>s4 ,light %\ld ab\nd :]e ! family sit toge!r1 sunlight by day & good gas or lamp light by night %\ld be g5]\sly suppli$4 ,a good duplex burn] or a d\ble /ud5t lamp uses no m oil ?an sev]al small lamps dott$ d[n "h & !re1 ab\t ! room1 & x br+s ! family toge!r ab\t ! c5tral table4 ,s ) ! drop light1 :i* is an ess5tial :]e gas is us$4 ,! wise woman disc>ds gas 9 h] sitt+ room1 h[ev]1 & uses good oil1 :i* is f> bett] = ! eyes4 ,!re %\ld be a writ+ desk 9 ! room4 ,! old-fa%ion$ secret>y 0 a valuable piece ( sitt+ room furniture1 & _m a good "o has be5 recall$ f ! attic )9 ! la/ few ye>s1 &1 by a judici\s use ( soda wat]1 has be5 fre$ f old pa9t1 & :5 scrubb$ & rubb$1 x has %one z good z new1 & mu* m useful ?an ! mod]n ,dav5port4 ,!re %\ld be l>ge1 easy *airs1 n too l[1 = ! use ( ! m5 ( ! h\se1 & = eld]ly p :o f9d x h>d to rise gracefully & ) ease f s(t1 l[ *airs4 ,!re %\ld also be l[ *airs ) broad seats1 & %ort arms1 or none at all1 = ^? :o mu/ busy !mselves ) sew+1 knitt+1 & embroid]y1 & com=table camp *airs t c be lightly lift$ by ! *ildr5 & c>ri$ "h & !re ab\t ! room4 ,let ! *airs1 9 fact let ev]y?+ be /rong & com=table 9 ?is room4 ,a heavy man is (t5 put to great inconv5i5ce because ! *airs at 8 disposal are too flimsy to be> 8 weight4 ,!re are c\ntless /ories told ( ! ,rev4 ,phillips ,brooks1 & m5 ( 8 build1 :o d>e n laugh at a d9n] p>ty le/ _! *airs resolve !mselves into k9dl+ wood at ! fir/ mir?ful %ake4 ,9 my own p>lor !re is "o *air deep1 broad1 & ( m>vel\s /r5g?1 b\ght ) an eye to ! ne$s ( a fri5dly neighbor ( gr& dim5sions4 8,?is is a *air t ,mr4 ,b4 c't break10 said ! k9dly donor :o _h witness$ ! collaps+ ( ord9>y p>lor *airs "u 8 pond]\s weight4 ,rememb] t no *air %\ld be expect$ to d s]vice t has n connect+ rungs betwe5 ! legs4 ,!re %\ld be1 also1 a l\nge or s(a 9 ?is room1 ) ample pill[1 n a r\nd horse-hair cyl9d]1 b some?+ useful1 re/ful1 & n too f9e4 ,let ! color be z p]fect z may be1 b if ! mat]ial ( :i* x is made be really too spl5did = daily use1 its glories %\ld be veil$ beh9d a /rong1 wa%able tidy4 ,i h se5 a gray l95 squ>e or t[el1 ) drawn "w at ! ends1 su* z co/s fifty c5ts1 p]haps1 at ! l95 %ops1 ) a few long-/emm$ poppies b5d+ toge!r 9 a r[ at "o end1 wr\ght 9 outl9e1 ) ! famili> leg5d1 8,we are all nodd+1 nid1 nid1 nodd+10 runn+ sleepily d[n ! c5t]4 ,t _h j s5tim5t en\gh1 & art en\gh = its place & use4 ,tidies are m]e clutt] if n int5d$ to be bru%$ aga9/ & us$4 ,pa9t+s on blue sat91 deck$ out ) lace1 are out ( ta/e 9 any room1 h[ev] f9e1 & out ( place on any *air4 ,no *air %\ld be too da9tily dress$ out to be sat ^u2 & no pa9t+ %\ld s hang z to invite %\ld]s clad 9 black broadclo? to rub !mselves aga9/ x4 8,tidies0 or 8*air backs10 if us$ at all1 %\ld be ( a firm mat]ial1 n easily crumpl$1 %\ld be firmly atta*$1 %\ld give (f little or no l9t1 & %\ld be wa%$ :5 !y are soil$1 or ?r[n away4 ,!y are bett] :5 (f ! :ite4 ,!re %\ld be a wrap ( "s sort1 afghan1 ,mexican or army blanket1 railway rug or %awl ?r[n ov] ! foot ( ! s(a1 ) :i* to cov] up ! invalid ( ! h\sehold1 or any "o :o is tempt$ to l\nge a:ile4 ,o!r sitt+ room com=ts1 ?\gh n ess5tials1 are a sew+ table1 /& or basket ) draw]s or pockets atta*$1 = ! conv5i5ce ( ne$lewom51 a portable scre51 two-leav$ & n too l>ge1 t c %ut (f draughts f rheumatic %\ld]s1 & an occasional hassock or foot/ool--8crickets0 our gr&mo!rs call$ !m 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,! cov]+ ( tables1 *airs1 etc41 af=ds an opportunity to introduce color into ! room1 b x is n at all necess>y t ! *airs %\ld all be cov]$ ) /uffs ( ! same quality or color4 ,unless v well *os51 pla9 colors are apt to />e1 l ! %>p gre5 8rep0 t 0 s long popul>1 & ^: good we>+ qualities made x s h>d to displace4 ,if ! manufactur]s _h only kept pace ) ! times1 & produc$ ! /uff 9 good1 pla9 %ades t w\ld keep _! colors1 or figur$ 9 good designs1 x w\ld /ill hold its own aga9/ all ! s-call$ tape/ry goods t ! uphol/]]s (f] u4 8,rep10 h[ev]1 0 utt]ly unsuitable = curta9s2 x 0 /iff & wiry1 & hung 9 unga9ly folds4 ,= our sitt+ room "s light drap]y at ! w9d[s is advisable4 ,if ! room has no bl9ds1 !re %\ld be "s sort ( ?ick %ades or v5etian bl9ds4 ,!re is a yell[i% br[n holl& t is admirable = ! purpose2 b ) outside or inside bl9ds1 a ?9 curta9 l ,madras musl9 is all t is necess>y to %ade ! blackness ( ! w9d[s at night1 or to temp] ! brightness ( ! sunlight by day4 ,! advantage ( ,madras musl9 or ,cretan clo? ov] lace1 musl91 or *eese clo? curta9s lies 9 ! color & figure2 color$ & figur$ curta9s %[+ to bett] advantage aga9/ ! light ?an pla9 :ite1 & look+ fre%] mu* long]2 !y 8furni%0 a room m4 ,:atev] curta9s are us$1 !y %\ld be hung ) r+s f rods ( brass1 bamboo1 or wood--v>ni%$ p9e is good en\gh--s t !y c be pu%$ entirely to "o side ) ease4 ,rods %\ld n be too l>ge & %\ld be f9i%$ at ! ends ) "s simple ornam5t1 z a pla9 ball :i* pulls (f at "o end1 s z to all[ ! r+s to slip ov] ! rod4 ,! curta9s may be long1 if hung outside ! w9d[ frame1 & j rea* ! floor1 or !y may hang f ! upp] sa% & j rea* to ! w9d[ l$ge1 s z to cov] only ! w9d[2 or !y may be half curta9s hang+ f a small rod or wire s z to scre5 only ! l[] sa%4 ,x is n at all necess>y to treat ! w9d[s alike4 ,a bay w9d[ may h a long1 heavy curta9 runn+ across ! bay & =m+ a nook :]e two or ?ree may sit cosily toge!r1 & ! o!r w9d[s may be treat$ to sa% or half-sa% curta9s ( s(t silk1 ,madras musl91 or ev5 ,turkey r$ calico4 ,:]e a w9d[ is fill$ ) plants1 ! little half curta9 runn+ ^u a brass wire & fall+ ov] ! l[] sa% s]ves1 on w9t] nights1 z a slight protection = ! plants f out] air1 & c be ?ru/ to "o side by day1 & tuck$ up out ( sight4 ,a little drap]y is a great relief 9 a room :]e !re are b>e floors & mu* display ( woodwork 9 doors & w9d[ frames4 ,!n1 a portire 9 place ( a closet door1 a hang+ be=e a book case1 or curta9s at ! w9d[s w\ld relieve ! b>5ess ( ! room z no?+ else c\ld4 ,curta9s %\ld n repeat ! color ( ! walls1 nor %\ld portires be ( ! same mat]ial & color z ! curta9s4 ,woodwork1 h[ev]1 :5 pa9t$ %\ld repeat ! wall color1 ?\gh x %\ld be some:at light] 9 %ade4 ,!re lacks b little to make our home p>lor complete4 ,a piano1 if practice !reon w n int]f]e ) ! occupancy ( ! room by ! h\sehold2 o!rwise let ! piano be kept :]e music lessons giv5 & /udi$ w n di/urb ! family s]5ity2 = _m reasons ! draw+ room is ! be/ place = ! piano1 x is m likely to be treat$ ) respect by mis*iev\s f+]s !re ?an 9 ! liv+ room2 & a clock1 ! pla9] ! bett]--no little ,fr5* fanciful affair1 b some?+ sub/antial1 t c la/ l ! tall1 ance/ral eight-day "t piece4 ,%\ld ! clock /& on ! mantel x is n ess5tial to h balanc+ ornam5ts on ei!r side4 ,! *oice/ treasures ( ! h\se %\ld inde$ adorn ! mantel piece1 b x is nev] necess>y to h two ( a k9d /&+ at equal di/ances f ! c5t]4 ,?is is ! room 9 :i* all ?+s %\ld seem to gr[ into a lik5ess to ! h\sehold1 & to gr[ old ) x4 ,"h no *anges %\ld be made b = good cause1 & always = ! bett]1 nev] by ! :olesale4 ,nor %\ld furniture be introduc$ t is s />+ly new & gay z to put ! re/ out ( c\nt5ance & make x look %abby by comp>ison4 ,!re are pl5ty ( good /uffs subdu$ en\gh 9 color to h>monize ) any long us$ p>lor1 no matt] h[ old ! c>pet nor h[ fad$ ! *air seats4 ,:atev] is good & old1 ?\gh worn1 let u respect1 pres]ve1 & repair4 ,,national ,,aid ,,to ,,education4 ,,by ,,g5]al ,,john ,a4 ,,logan1 ,u4 ,s4 ,s5ator f ,ill9ois4 ,to br+ to light & expose to public gaze our national defects or social de=mities is an unpleasant & g5]ally ?ankless task1 b s long z we %irk x1 j s long w !y rema9 to our national detrim5t & disgrace4 ,to be consci\s ( disease1 to locate & prop]ly diagnose x1 is to be half-way on ! road to good heal?4 ,x is n necess>y 9 ?is age ( enlight5m5t to dwell ^u ! manife/ & manifold advantages to a p & to a nation1 ( education4 ,!y are palpable1 & conc$$ by all m54 ,illit]acy1 !n1 mu/ z pla9ly be a disadvantage to a nation1 a h9drance to ! advancem5t & welf>e ( its p1 & an evil :i* %\ld be eradicat$4 ,we ,am]icans boa/1 & boa/ rightfully1 ( ! high position 9 ! scale ( intellig5ce we occupy z a p2 b pride 9 t fact %\ld n bl9d our eyes to our exi/+ imp]fections4 ,we are pr\d ( ! atta9m5ts ( our m5 ( lett]s2 we rejoice 9 ! a*ievem5ts ( our sci5ti/s & inv5tors2 we glory 9 our rapid advance among ! nations to weal? & p[]2 & we fail to give s]i\s he$ to ! hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( our p :o are gr[+ up e ye> 9 cl\d$ ignorance1 )\t ev5 ! rudim5ts ( education4 ,if we exam9e ) c>e our c5sus returns & ! reports ( our ,bureau ( ,education1 we w be />tl$ by "s ( ! facts !y reveal4 ,to foll[ _m ( ^! revelations 9 detail might lead to an accusation ( mak+ invidi\s di/9ctions1 b !re are en\gh to :i* ! att5tion ( ! c\ntry may be call$ )\t ! %ad[ ( ju/ification = su* a *>ge4 ,let u look at ^!4 ,take ! ,bullet9 ( 8,illit]acy 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates10 z return$ at ! t5? c5sus1 & its fir/ l9e reveals ! deplorable fact t ( ! #cf1gfa1fjg p]sons ( t5 ye>s ( age & upw>d1 #d1ibc1dea 7ov] "o-sev5?7 are unable to read1 & #f1bci1ieh 7ne>ly "o-six?7 are unable to write4 ,x appe>s1 moreov]1 f o!r c5sus tabulations pres5t$,d to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate t1 ( ! #ej1aee1ghc p]sons con/itut+ our population 9 #ahhj1 !re 7 equally proportion$ betwe5 ! :ite & color$ races1 #d1bjd1cfc ( bo? sexes ov] tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age unable to write1 or ab\t #b1jjj1jjj 8illit]ates0 out ( ! #aj1jjj1jjj p]sons at t "t entitl$ to vote2 or1 9 o!r words1 "o ( e five vot]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates unable to write 8 "n4 ,f o!r /ati/ics ( t c5sus x appe>s also t #a1fdj1jjj vot]s 7 unable to read4 ,?us we h ! a/\nd+ assurance t :ile "o 9 e five vot]s c n write ! ballot t he wi%es to deposit1 "o 9 e six vot]s c n ev5 read ! ballot t he places 9 ! box6 ,x is ?is "o illit]ate vot] 9 e five 7or six7 vot]s :o holds ! balance ( p[] at our elections4 ,:ile a v l>ge proportion ( our population1 & also ( t portion ( x :i* ex]cises ! elective fran*ise1 c bo? read & write1 yet a great numb] ( ^! are v little ! m intellig5t because _! limit$ ability to d ei!r or bo? is s imp]fect & s r>ely avail$ (4 ,allud+ to ^!1 a committee ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate 7,report #aja1 ,pt4 #b1 fir/ session1 ,=ty-eigh? ,congress71 said3 8,( ^? :o c write1 multitudes d n place a s5t5ce on pap] twice 9 a lifetime4 ,?\s&s nev] get an idea f ! pr9t$ page40 ,yet ^! are ! m5 :o may at any "t subject ! c\ntry to _! control--m5 :o hold ! weighty balance ( political p[]4 ,to ! patriot1 to ! lov] ( republican in/itutions1 to ! advocate ( unre/rict$ individual suffrage1 ?is fact is appall+4 ,b x is none ! less a fact t %\ld be kn[n4 ,nor may ! advocates ( mon>*ical sy/ems ( gov]nm5t & ( re/rict$ suffrage take com=t f t fact4 ,t ! decid+ ballot 9 our political conte/s may be an ignorant "o does n prove ! evil or folly ( unre/rict$ suffrage4 ,n at all4 ,canc] 9 ! brea/ does n prove ! folly ( life4 ,nor is a jamm$ f+] necess>ily fatal4 ,^! simply rem9d u t 9 ! "o case ! knife1 & 9 ! o!r ! lotion1 %\ld be quickly & effici5tly us$4 ,s ) ! ignorant ballot4 ,its exi/5ce m]ely proves ! absolute necessity ( prompt & vigor\s action to enlight5 x--( educat+ him :o ca/s x--( tak+ c\nsel f ! pa/ & pres5t & provid5tly gu>d+ ! future4 ,x tea*es u t :ile we are prop]ly horrifi$ at any desecration ( ! sacr$ "r ( suffrage--:e!r by bulldoz+1 ballot-box /uff+1 false c\nt+1 or o!r me?ods ( intimidation or ( fraud--x is high "t to ar\se ourselves to a /ate ( facts exi/+ ar\nd u & "u our v noses1 con/itut+ a sacrilege only diff]+ f ^! o!rs 9 degree2 to realize1 9 "t to rem$y x1 t at e election we witness1 at almo/ e vot+ prec9ct 9 ! l&1 a con/ant1 nev]-fail+1 almo/ w9k$-at desecration by p[]-clad ignorance ( t "r2 to realize ! great dang]s f ?is s\rce t we h ?us f> happily escap$2 to prop]ly appreh5d ! possible p]ils ?us /or$ up = u 9 ! bosom ( ! future1 & by timely1 en]getic & suffici5t action to arre/ !m4 ,?us ! v k t "o 9 e five ( our vot]s ex]cises ignorantly ?is undue & prodigi\s p[] mu/ n]ve a free & enlight5$ p to make imm$iate & adequate provision bo? to aid & to make obligatory ! elem5t>y education ( ^? :o 9 due "t w inh]it f u ! "r ( suffrage4 ,x c n be too (t5 or too /rongly urg$1 "u ! light ( ?is revelation f ! c5sus returns1 t an ignorant ballot is a dang]\s ballot1 because x may be at once he$less1 & easily deceiv$2 t an educat$ ballot is1 to ! degree ( education1 an enlight5$ ballot--possibly wrong-head$ or mi/ak5 at times1 b z a rule c>eful1 brave & pure2 & t1 z ! ballot is plac$ 9 ! h&s ( all ,am]icans1 education--! means by :i* !y may discrim9at+ly ca/ t ballot--%\ld be op5 & free to all4 ,! v exi/5ce ( ! ,republic dep5ds ^u ! prop] use ( ! pot5tial ballot4 ,education alone c tea* t prop] use4 ,h5ce x is t 8education to all0 is ! *ief corn] /one ( ! ,republic2 & to make t secure1 no ef=t h[ev] great1 no exp5se h[ev] l>ge1 %\ld be )held4 ,"h !n1 ) ! fact />+ u 9 ! face1 t ! "o pot5tial vote ( e five votes t decides all ! great political que/ions ( ! day--que/ions involv+ ! mo/ complex & f>-rea*+ pr9ciples ( gov]nm5t--que/ions ( f9ance1 ( diplomacy1 ( comm]ce1 ( trade1 ( ! t>iff1 ( ! relations ( capital & labor1 & o!rs ^: solution p]plexes ! m9ds ( our v able/ /atesm5--is an utt]ly ignorant vote1 c ! ,am]ican p hesitate to dem& ( ,congress n only imm$iate b adequate rem$ial legislation 9 ! %ape ( ample national aid to elem5t>y education = all ( s*ool age1 & obligatory att5dance )9 reasonable limits8 ,b ?is is n ! only fact be>+ heavily ^u ! "q ( ! necessity ( national aid to our public s*ool sy/em4 ,if we exam9e ! details ( ^! c5sus tabulations we %all f9d t mu* ! l>g] portion ( ?is illit]acy is f\nd 9 "s ?irte5 or f\rte5 /ates4 ,tak+ ^! /ates & t]ritories 9 :i* ! proportion ( 8illit]ates0 7^? unable to write7 to ! total /ate or t]ritorial population ( t5 ye>s ( age & upw>d exce$s #be p] c5t41 we f9d t ratio to be3 ,9 ,alabama1 #ej4i p] c5t42 ,arkansas1 #ch2 ,florida1 #dc4d2 ,georgia1 #di4i2 ,k5tucky1 #bi4i2 ,l\isiana1 #di4a2 ,mississippi1 #di4e2 ,new ,mexico1 #fe2 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 #dh4c2 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 #ee4d2 ,t5nessee1 #ch4g2 ,texas1 #bi4g2 & ,virg9ia1 #dj4f4 ,mass+ ^! twelve /ates & "o t]ritory toge!r1 we f9d !y include a population ( #aj1jgi1acj ( t5 ye>s ( age & upw>d1 ( :i* numb] no less ?an #d1cbd1eac1 or ov] two fif?s1 are unable to write--=ty-?ree out ( e "o hundr$ unable to sign _! own names--:ile ( ! #bf1fhb1dgg p]sons ( l age 9 ! rema9+ /ates & t]ritories1 ! numb] ( su* illit]ates is b #a1iae1dde1 or a little ov] sev5 9 e "o hundr$4 ,we are all ( c\rse aw>e t ?is l>ge proportion ( illit]acy 9 ! /ates nam$ is l>gely ow+ to ! pres5ce ( ! color$ population4 ,nev]!less ! fact rema9s t ^! p1 to :om all ! rights ( citiz5%ip h be5 accord$1 & :o w h]eaft] =m a v important & possibly pr$om9at+ factor 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ! affairs ( _m ( ^! /ates1 z well z an important factor 9 national affairs1 mu/ rema9 = a long "t 9 ignorance unless "s o!r means ( educat+ !m be adopt$ ?an t :i* n[ obta9s4 ,b let no "o deceive himself ) ! idea t ?is undue & lam5table ratio ( illit]acy 9 ^! p>ticul> /ates is due :olly to ! pres5ce ( ! color$ population4 ,un=tunately illit]acy prevails to a v consid]able & almo/ an al>m+ ext5t among _! native :ite population also4 ,?us ! c5sus tabulations %[ t ! proportion ( 8illit]ates0 7^? unable to write71 9 ! total native :ite population1 t5 ye>s ( age & upw>d1 is3 ,9 ,alabama1 #be p]c5t42 ,arkansas1 #be4e2 ,florida1 #bj4g2 ,georgia1 #bc4b2 ,k5tucky1 #bb4h2 ,l\isiana1 #ai4h2 ,mississippi1 #af4f2 ,new ,mexico1 #fd4b2 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 #ca4g2 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 #bb4d2 ,t5nessee1 #bg4h2 ,texas1 #ac4i2 & ,virg9ia1 #ah4e4 ,mass+ !m we f9d t ( ! #f1jaj1gad native :ites1 t5 ye>s ( age & upw>d1 )9 ! t]ritorial limits m5tion$1 !re are z _m z #a1cie1dda--;be+ #bc4b p] c5t41 or ne>ly "o 9 e f\r ( ! :ites--unable to write4 ,x is evid5t1 !re=e1 t ! surpris+ illit]acy 9 ^! /ates is n :olly attributable to ! pres5ce !re9 ( ! color$ race4 ,x is some:at humiliat+ to h to confess to ! _w by our own (ficial figures t "o out ( e f\r ( ! native :ites ov] t5 ye>s ( age 9 twelve /ates & "o t]ritory ( our ,republic is unable to write 8 own "n1 especially :5 we comp>e x ) ! additional fact1 d]iv$ f ! same tabulation1 t ! illit]acy ( ! =eign born ( ^! same localities does n rise 9 any in/ance above #aj4i p] c5t4 ,turn+ to ! o!r side ( ! picture we may f9d "s gra9s ( comp>ative consolation 9 obs]v+ ! fact t ( ! rema9+ #ai1gge1jge native :ites1 t5 ye>s ( age & upw>d1 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates only #hfj1jai--or #d4c p] c5t41 be+ "o 9 tw5ty-?ree--are unable to write4 ,?is favorable condition ( "o "p ( ! c\ntry1 h[ev]1 only s]ves to br+ out 9 %>p] contra/ ! sad condition ( ! o!r "p1 & %\ld spur ! philan?ropi/ & /atesman to r5ew$ & m /r5u\s ef=t to oblit]ate1 or at lea/ ameliorate1 ?is al>m+ sectional inequality 9 ! degree ( illit]acy4 ,7 x n = ! hope ( ultimately remov+ ?is inequality by atta9+ an educational homog5eity or equality on ! high] level z betwe5 ! sections1 "o might almo/ be tempt$ to wi% = an educational equalization on ! l[] grade2 = z long z t inequality cont9ues to exi/1 s long mu/ x prove a s\rce ( irritation & dang] 9 a ?\s& =ms4 ,z to ! situation 9 ! old slave /ates1 :]e ! color$ population is proportionately l>ge1 x is n difficult to und]/& x4 ,we c appreciate ! dread on ! "p ( ! :ites ( an 8upris+10 z x is t]m$1 ( ! color$ p4 ,b ! words ( ,jeff]son,e--possibly prophetic unless av]t$ by ! ex]cise ( wisdom & fairness--h 9 !m a dep? ( mean+ t none b ^? :ites c fully realize :51 speak+ ( ! slaves1 he says3 8,& c ! lib]ties ( a nation be ?\ght secure :5 we h remov$ _! only firm basis1 a conviction 9 ! m9ds ( ! p t ^! lib]ties are ! gift ( ,god8 ,t !y are n to be violat$ b ) 8 wra?8 ,inde$ ,i tremble = my c\ntry :5 ,i reflect t ,god is j2 t 8 ju/ice c n sleep =ev]2 t consid]+ numb]s1 nature & natural means only1 a revolution ( ! :eel ( =tune1 an ex*ange ( situation is among ! possible ev5ts2 t x may become probable by sup]natural int]f]5ce6 ,! ,almighty has no attribute :i* c take sides ) u 9 su* a conte/40 ,aside f ! ov]aw+ influ5ce ( a l>ge /&+ army !re is b "o ?+ t c prev5t a race-conflict1 ! v possibility ( :i* we dread to contemplate1 & t is ! b5ign & lib]aliz+ influ5ce ( education1 result+ 9 a free & untrammel$ ex]cise ( ! elective fran*ise4 ,give ! =m] & y w unque/ionably secure ! latt]4 ,t ! local z well z sectional inequality 9 education c be ov]come by no o!r means ?an by national aid1 w be fur!r demon/rat$4 ,nor is x j t we %\ld expect or ask x to be o!rwise4 ,no matt] n[ :at may h caus$ ?is inequality1 ! fact t x exi/s is t :i* n[ mom5t\sly conc]ns u4 ,we "k x c n be remov$ by recurr+ to ! cause2 & x w become m & m evid5t z we exam9e ! subject t only by spe$y & effici5t congressional action c we n[ insure t future educational equilibrium1 n only betwe5 ! races & betwe5 ! sections1 b also betwe5 ! p 9 ea* /ate1 :i* w h s important a be>+ ^u ! de/9ies ( ?is nation1 & is s ess5tial to ! cont9u$ peace1 prosp]ity & cont5tm5t ( its p4 ,ano!r fact ( great importance1 z be>+ ^u ! necessity = national aid to education1 is reveal$ by ! c5sus returns4 ,x is a curi\s z well z an important revelation1 because x %[s t ! ratio ( *ildr5 or p]sons "u tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age to ! adults1 is consid]ably l>g] 9 "s /ates ?an 9 o!rs1 & correspond+ly increases ! educational burd54 ,! pr9ciple involv$ 9 ?is condition ( affairs may be simply illu/rat$ ?us3 ,suppose ! head ( ea* family _h to pay directly = ! education ( 8 own *ildr54 ,!n1 ev5 ) an equality ( means1 ! burd5 w\ld1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 fall heavi] on ! "o ) a num]\s ?an ! "o ) a small prog5y4 ,to make app>5t ! effect ( ?is inequality 9 ! proportion ( m9ors to adults 9 diff]5t p>ts ( our common c\ntry1 let u suppose t ! mean av]age co/ ( s*ool+ is f\r doll>s p] annum = ea* *ild4 ,x appe>s t 9 ,connecticut1 out ( e "o hundr$ p]sons1 fifty-n9e are adults1 & =ty-"o are m9ors4 ,at ?is suppos$ rate1 !n1 ! fifty-n9e adults w\ld h ea* to pay two doll>s & sev5ty-eight c5ts p] annum 9 ord] to make up ! "o hundr$ & sixty-f\r doll>s p] annum ne$$ = ! education ( ! =ty-"o *ildr54 ,x appe>s also t 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 out ( e "o hundr$ p]sons1 =ty-?ree are adults & fifty-sev5 are m9ors4 ,at ! suppos$ rate1 !n1 ^! =ty-?ree adults w\ld h ea* to pay five doll>s & ?irty c5ts p] annum 9 ord] to make up ! two hundr$ & tw5ty-eight doll>s p] annum ne$$ = ! education ( ! fifty-sev5 *ildr54 ,n[1 ?is is a v important fact1 inde$1 & mu/ lead all fair m9d$ advocates ( education to modify some:at ! criticisms !y may h made t\*+ ! exp5diture 9 ! ,s\? = education z comp>$ ) t 9 ! ,nor? & ,we/2 = "h x becomes palpable t two doll>s & sev5ty-eight c5ts p] adult 9 ,connecticut is equival5t to five doll>s & ?irty c5ts p] adult 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a = ! s*ool+ ( ! *ildr5 respectively1 9 ^? /ates4 ,ne>ly twice z mu* 9 "o /ate z 9 ! o!r4 ,b ?is result is f an assum$ uni=m mean av]age /&>d ( ! co/ ( educat+ ea* *ild 9 ! ,union4 ,let u te/ ! matt] by a comp>ison f\nd$ on actual co/4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! /ates ( ,ma9e & ,mississippi4 ,9 ,ma9e !re are fifty-eight adults to =ty-two m9ors 9 e "o hundr$ p]sons4 ,9 ,mississippi !re are =ty-?ree adults to fifty-sev5 m9ors 9 e "o hundr$ p]sons4 ,9 ,ma9e,f ! educational exp5diture p] capita ( ! s*ool population is f\r doll>s & sixty-sev5 c5ts p] annum4 ,?is en=ces an annual exp5diture = ?is purpose ( ?ree doll>s & ?irty-eight c5ts by ea* adult4 ,an equal s*ool tax ( f\r doll>s & sixty-sev5 c5ts p] annum = ea* s*ol>1 impos$ ^u ! adult population ( ,mississippi w\ld call = six doll>s & n9ete5 c5ts f ea* adult--or ne>ly twice :at ! adult ( ,ma9e mu/ pay4 ,! effects ( ?is disp>ity w be m fully dwelt ^u at a lat] p]iod4 ,b x mu/ surely be already app>5t t ?is inequality ( ! educational burd5 creat$ by ! disp>ity exi/+ betwe5 ! populations ( v>i\s portions ( our c\ntry c alone be met & rem$i$ by "s aid f ! g5]al gov]nm5t4 ,x is true t ! facts ?us f> adduc$ indicate r ! necessity = national assi/ance to c]ta9 sections or /ates ?an = g5]al & uni=m aid to all4 ,b a fur!r /udy & ! developm5t ( o!r facts w1 z we proce$1 m fully reveal1 n alone ! wisdom & necessity ( su* aid to all1 b ! "* & ext5t ( ! aid requir$4 ,be=e we rea* t p]iod1 h[ev]1 !re are facts t\*+ o!r phases ( inequality ( burd5 t are wor?y ( close & c>eful consid]ation4 ,c>eful tabulations f ! c5sus returns %[ t a s*ool enrollm5t ( #bb4d p] c5t4 ( ! total population ( ,miss\ri am\nts to b #hh4f p] c5t4 ( ! s*ool population ( t /ate1 fix+ ! /&>d ( s*ool age z betwe5 six & sixte5 ye>s2 :ile a s*ool enrollm5t ( #bb p] c5t4 ( ! total population ( ,new ,j]sey is equal to,g #aja4e p] c5t4 ( h] s*ool population4 ,h5ce1 al?\gh ,miss\ri has a some:at l>g] p]c5tage 9 s*ool ( h] total population ?an has ,new ,j]sey1 yet %e lacks m ?an #aa p] c5t4 ( hav+ all h] *ildr5 ( s*ool age enroll$ z s*ol>s2 :ile a slightly small] p] c5t4 ( h] total population places m ?an all ! s*ool age *ildr5 ( ,new ,j]sey 9 s*ool4 ,s also ) ,v]mont1 :]e a s*ool enrollm5t ( #bb p] c5t4 ( ! total population gives #aji4e p] c5t4 9 s*ool1 ( all ( s*ool age4 ,comp>+ ,nebraska & ,connecticut1 we f9d t :ile #bb4c p] c5t4 ( ! total population ( ! =m] /ate enroll$ 9 ! s*ools am\nts to b #ie4d p] c5t4 ( h] *ildr5 ( s*ool age1 #ba4c p] c5t4 ( ! total population ( ! latt] /ate enroll$ 9 ! s*ools is equival5t to #aaj4c p] c5t4 ( h] *ildr5 ( s*ool age4 ,massa*usetts has to s5d #ai4b p] c5t4 ( h] total population to s*ool 9 ord] to equal #ajd4h p] c5t4 ( h] *ildr5 ( s*ool age1 :ile ,ill9ois has to s5d to s*ool #bd4e p] c5t4 ( h] population to rea* a l ratio ( enroll$ s*ol>s to *ildr5 ( s*ool age4 ,ev5 9 /ates situat$ s ne> to ea* o!r z ,p5nsylvania & ,new ,york we obs]ve ?is inequality4 ,9 ! =m]1 :]e ! s*ool enrollm5t is #bb4h p] c5t4 ( ! total population1 x is b #ii4d p] c5t4 ( ! *ildr5 ( s*ool age1 :ile 9 ,new ,york #bc p] c5t4 ( ! total population enroll$ 9 ! s*ools is #aab4d p] c5t4 ( h] *ildr5 ( s*ool age4 ,?us f> h be5 select$ = comp>ison "s ( ^? /ates ! ratios ( ^: s*ool enrollm5t to ! total population 7 ab\t ! same4 ,b :ile ^! contra/s br+ out v cle>ly ! inequality 9 ! burd5 ( educat+ ! *ildr5 ( our c\ntry1 yet !re are m m>k$ illu/rations at h&4 ,take ,arkansas1 ,we/ ,virg9ia & ,new ,york1 = in/ance4 ,9 ,arkansas ! s*ool enrollm5t is #ac4e p] c5t4 ( population1 & b #ea4c p] c5t4 ( ! *ildr5 ( s*ool age4 ,at ! same ratio a s*ool enrollm5t ( #bc p] c5t4 ( total population 9 ,arkansas w\ld be b #hg4d p] c5t4 ( ! *ildr5 ( s*ool age4 ,we/ ,virg9ia has a s*ool enrollm5t ( #bc4c p] c5t4 ( total population1 :i* is only #hg4i p] c5t4 ( h] *ildr5 ( s*ool age4 ,yet ,new ,york1 z we h already se51 by an enrollm5t ( #bc p] c5t4 ( h] total population secures s*ool+ = #aac4c p] c5t4--m ?an all--( h] *ildr5 ( s*ool age4 ,comp>+ o!r /ates1 "o ) ! o!r--su* z ,alabama ) ,ma9e1 ,georgia ) ,new ,hamp%ire1 ,t5nessee ) ,rhode ,isl&1 ,mississippi ) ,massa*usetts1 etc4--we see simil>1 & 9 "s cases ev5 great] inequality4 ,let u n[ apply ^! facts practically1 & ?us rea* a cle>] und]/&+ ( ! effect ( ?is great disp>ity4 ,! actual mean av]age co/ ( ! s*ool+ ( ea* public s*ool s*ol> 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is ab\t t5 doll>s4 ,assum+ !n t ! adult population ( ea* /ate be>s ! burd5 ( educat+ its *ildr51 & t all ! *ildr5 ( s*ool age 9 ea* /ate are enroll$ 9 ! s*ools--z !y %\ld be--let u asc]ta9 h[ mu* ! tax p] capita w\ld be on ! adults be>+ ?is burd5 9 ea* /ate & t]ritory4 ,9 o!r words1 let u discov] h[ mu* 9 ea* /ate & t]ritory mu/ e adult 7male or female7 pay e ye> 9 ord] to supply ! t5 doll>s p] annum t x co/s to educate ea* & e *ild 9 t /ate or t]ritory4 ,x w\ld co/ ea* adult 9 ,montana1 #a4ie2 9 ,wyom+1 #b4ab2 ,nevada1 #b4ab2 ,colorado1 #b4bj2 ,arizona1 #b4cd2 ,new ,hamp%ire1 #b4gh2 ,idaho1 #c4jj2 ,massa*usetts1 #c4bc2 ,dakota1 #c4cj2 ,rhode ,isl&1 #c4bb2 ,cali=nia1 #c4cc2 ,connecticut1 #c4bg2 ,ma9e1 #c4dc2 ,v]mont1 #c4df2 ,new ,york1 #c4ef2 ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 #c4gg2 ,wa%+ton1 #c4id2 ,new ,j]sey1 #d4jb2 ,mi*igan1 #d4ae2 ,oregon1 #d4bi2 ,delaw>e1 #d4ca2 ,p5nsylvania1 #d4bf2 ,ohio1 #d4ee2 ,m>yl&1 #d4ee2 ,nebraska1 #d4gg2 ,m9nesota1 #d4gj2 ,new ,mexico1 #d4fe2 ,wiscons91 #d4hf2 ,ill9ois1 #d4hh2 ,indiana1 #e4jj2 ,i[a1 #e4aj2 ,miss\ri1 #e4bh2 ,kansas1 #e4cb2 ,l\isiana1 #e4ed2 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 #e4fg2 ,virg9ia1 #e4ei2 ,texas1 #e4hf2 ,k5tucky1 #e4fe2 ,florida1 #e4gh2 ,utah1 #f4jg2 ,alabama1 #f4ab2 ,arkansas1 #f4ab2 ,georgia1 #e4ih2 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 #e4ih2 ,t5nessee1 #f4jj2 ,we/ ,virg9ia1 #e4hf1 & ,mississippi1 #f4bh--:ile1 mass+ ! entire ,union1 ! co/ to ea* adult 9 x w\ld be #d4gj4 ,?us we f9d t :ile ! s*ool tax on ea* adult 9 ,new ,york w\ld be b #c4ef1 9 ! adjo9+ /ate ( ,p5nsylvania x w\ld be #d4bf2 t :ile 9 ,massa*usetts x w\ld be b #c4bc1 9 ,ill9ois x w\ld be #d4hh--;a diff]5ce ( #a4fe p] capita to ! adult2 t :ile 9 ,new ,hamp%ire x w\ld be b #b4gh1 9 ,mississippi x w\ld be m ?an d\ble t am\nt4 ,b ! read] c himself1 by a glance at ! li/ pres5t$1 p]ceive ev5 m gl>+ inequalities ?an ^! 9 ! relative burd5s :i* w\ld be impos$ ^u ! adult population ( ! v>i\s /ates & t]ritories1 7 t burd5 to be plac$ entirely on _! %\ld]s4 ,if x be ! true policy ( a nation to equalize1 z f> z possible1 ! necess>y burd5s impos$ ^u its p1 !n we c]ta9ly h be=e u 9 ^! /ati/ics1 a condition ( facts dem&+ s]i\s consid]ation & efficaci\s action by ! g5]al gov]nm5t4 ,if inequality 9 ! burd5s impos$ 9 ord] to educate our *ildr5 be any argum5t 9 favor ( national aid to education--& :o w v5ture to d5y x8--!n we h 9 ^! /ati/ics positive evid5ce ( v great & possibly hi!rto unsuspect$ inequalities2 inequalities ( :i* none c\ld be aw>e )\t a close & critical analysis ( ! figures1 ! developm5ts ( :i* z previ\sly h9t$1 may well cause u to modify some:at ! reproa*es we may h felt incl9$ to ca/ ^u "s ( our /ates = :at seem$ to be a lack ( prop] ef=t on _! "p 9 ! direction ( education4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 reproa*ful criticism ( !m /ill appe>s to "s ext5t ju/ifiable1 yet ! d$uctions f re>rangem5t & classification ( ! c5sus & educational bureau tables %[ t ! fault does n altoge!r lie at ! doors ( ^? among :om ! greate/ am\nt ( illit]acy is f\nd4 ,9 ord] to make ?is cle> let u exam9e ! ratio ( *ildr5 enroll$ 9 s*ools1 n to ! /ate1 b to ! adult population4 ,t ratio is1 9 ,alabama1 #cd4f p] c5t42 ,arkansas1 #ca4d2 ,cali=nia1 #ce4b2 ,colorado1 #ag4g2 ,connecticut1 #cf4a2 ,delaw>e1 #cd4f2 ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 #cb4a2 ,florida1 #ce4h2 ,georgia1 #db2 ,ill9ois1 #ej2 ,indiana1 #ed4c2 ,i[a1 #ef2 ,kansas1 #ec4h2 ,k5tucky1 #cf4c2 ,l\isiana1 #ai4h2 ,ma9e1 #dj2 ,m>yl&1 #ca4d2 ,massa*usetts1 #cc4e2 ,mi*igan1 #dd2 ,m9nesota1 #dg4h2 ,mississippi1 #dh4f2 ,miss\ri1 #dg4g2 ,nebraska1 #de4e2 ,new ,hamp%ire1 #ca4c2 ,new ,j]sey1 #dj4g2 ,new ,york1 #dj4c2 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 #dj4g2 ,ohio1 #dg4h2 ,p5nsylvania1 #db4b2 ,rhode ,isl&1 #cj4b2 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 #cb4c2 ,t5nessee1 #di4a2 ,texas1 #be4b2 ,utah1 #dd4d2 ,v]mont1 #ch2 ,virg9ia1 #ce4d2 ,we/ ,virg9ia1 #ea4h2 ,wiscons91 #ej4d1 & 9 ! entire ,union1 #db p] c5t4 ,n[1 ! mean av]age numb] ( *ildr5 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates enroll$ 9 ! s*ools be+ =ty-two to e "o hundr$ adults1 :at is our surprise to f9d1 9 ! figures j giv51 t e ,new ,engl& /ate1 z well z ,new ,york1 ,new ,j]sey1 & ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 falls bel[ ?is av]age1 :ile on ! o!r h&1 e nor?we/]n /ate 7includ+ ,ohio1 ,miss\ri & ,kansas71 z well z ,mississippi1 ,t5nessee & ,we/ ,virg9ia1 /&s above x6 ,t 9 proportion to ! adult population ( ^? /ates1 !re are m *ildr5 at s*ool 9 ,mississippi1 ,t5nessee & ,we/ ,virg9ia1 ?an 9 any ( ! ,new ,engl& /ates1 is1 inde$1 an a/\nd+ revelation4 ,suppos+1 !n1 ! co/ ( educat+ a *ild 9 ^? /ates to be ! same1 x foll[s t ea* "o hundr$ adults 9 ,mississippi1 ,t5nessee1 & ,we/ ,virg9ia are pay+ m to educate _! *ildr5 ?an is paid by ! same numb] ( adults 9 any ,new ,engl& /ate6 ,at fir/ sight ^! /ati/ical results fairly /agg] "o1 & give rise to d\bts ( _! accuracy4 ,b a c>eful exam9ation ( !m w satisfy any reasonable m9d t ^! developm5ts are v]itable facts1 if ! c5sus returns & ! s*ool enrollm5t report$ by ! ,commission]s ( ,education are to be accept$--be+ bas$ ^u & directly calculat$ f !m4 ,ev5 suppos+ ! exi/5ce ( "s defici5cies 9 ! returns or "s m9or errors 9 ! calculations1 ! g5]al facts !y reveal mu/ be accept$ z true4 ,,to ,,be ,,cont9u$4 ,,footnotes ,d ,by ,s5ator ,butl]1 ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a4 ,e 8,notes on ,virg9ia1 ,f\r? ,am]ican ,edition1 ,n4 ,y4 #ahja10 p4 #bda4 ,f ,see ,report ( ,commission] ( ,education = #ahha1 page #di4 ,g ,! surplus ( p]c5tage be+ due d\btless to ! att5dance at s*ool ( "s *ildr5 beyond ! s*ool age prescrib$ by law4 ,,! ,,p>son',s ,,com=t]4 ,,by ,,fr$]ick ,,langbridge4 ,! p>son goes ab\t 8 daily ways ,) all ! p>i% tr\bles 9 8 head1 ,& takes 8 ,bible out1 & reads & prays1 ,beside ! suff]]'s *air1 ! dy+ b$4 ,:ate'er ! secret skeleton may be-- ,d\bt1 dr9k1 or debt--t keeps )9 8 lair1 ,:5 p>son comes1 ! own] turns ! key1 ,& lets him out to 8squeak & gibb]0 !re4 ,x seems a possibility unguess$-- ,or little borne 9 m9d1 if haply kn[n-- ,! he :o *e]s 9 tr\ble all ! re/ ,may n[ & !n h tr\bles ( 8 own4 ,alas6 ,god kn[s1 he has 8 foe to fight1 ,8 closet-atomy1 sev]e & grim2 ,all o!rs claim 8 com=t z ( "r1 ,b1 hapless p>son6 :o %all com=t him8 ,a fri5d he has to :om he may repair 7,beside t ,"o :o c>ries all our grief71 ,& :5 8 load is m ?an he c be> ,he seeks 8 com=t]1 & f9ds relief4 ,he f9ds a cottage1 v poor & small1 ,! meane/ t5em5t :]e all are mean2 ,yet dec5cy & ord] m>k x all3-- ,! panes are bright1 ! /ep sev]ely clean4 ,he lifts ! lat*--8 com=t] is !re1 ,propt 9 ! b$1 :]e n[ = weeks %e /ays1 ,or1 haply1 seat$ knitt+ 9 h] *air1 ,if ?is be "o ( ^? r>e 8bett] days40 ,a t9y woman1 /unt$1 b5t1 & ?92 ,h] features %>p ) pa9 t always wakes2 ,! nimble h& %e holds ! ne$les 9 ,is w>p$ & wr5*$ by dire rheumatic a*es4 ,sometimes1 b seldom1 neighbors he> h] moan1 ,wrung by "s sudd5 /ress ( fi]c] pa92 ,(t5 !y he> h] pray1 b none has kn[n1 ,no s+le s\l has he>d h] lips compla94 ,! p>son ent]s1 & a graci\s smile ,ov] ! poor p9*$ features brightly gr[s2 ,%e lets ! ne$les re/ a little :ile2 8,y're k9dly welcome sir60--ah6 t he kn[s4 ,he takes ! ,book1 & op5s at ! place-- ,no ne$ to ask h] :i* h] favorite psalm2 ,&1 z he reads1 ^u h] tortur$ face ,!re comes a holy rapture1 deep & calm4 ,%e murmurs s(tly ) him z he reads 7,%e c repeat ! ,psalt] ?r\gh at w72 8,he fe$s me 9 gre5 pa/ures1 & ,he leads1 ,he leads me =? beside ! wat]s /ill40 ,! read+'s done1 & n[ ! pray] is said2 ,he bids f>ewell1 & leaves h] to h] pa92 ,b grace & bless+ on 8 s\l are %$-- ,he goes =? com=t$ & /rong aga94 ,he takes 8 way1 on div]s err&s b\nd1 ,abl] to plead1 & w>n1 & com=t woes2 ,t is ! d>ke/ h\se on all 8 r\nd1 ,& yet1 be sure1 ! happie/ h\se he kn[s4 ,,! ,,smi?sonian ,,in/itution4 ,,by ,g4 ,,br[n ,,goode4 8,let ! tru/ ( ,,james ,,smi?son to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica be fai?fully execut$ by _! repres5tatives 9 ,congress1 let ! result accompli% 8 object1 #8! increase & diffusion ( k among m51' & a wrea? ( m unfad+ v]dure %all entw9e itself 9 ! lapse ( future ages ar\nd ! "n ( ,smi?son1 ?an ! unit$ h&s ( tradition1 hi/ory1 & poetry h braid$ ar\nd ! "n ( ,p]cy ?r\gh ! long p]spective 9 ages pa/ ( a ?\s& ye>s40--,john ,qu9cy ,adams4 ,! "n ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution is a h\sehold ^w ?r\gh\t ,nor? ,am]ica1 & its fame is curr5t :]ev] pr9t$ lit]ature exi/s4 ,abroad x is reg>d$ z ! *ief expon5t ( ! sci5tific activities ( ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ! adm9i/rative sci5tific dep>tm5t ( our gov]nm5t4 ,at home1 its actual relations to ! adm9i/ration are bett] und]/ood1 & x is look$ ^u 9 its prop] capacity--t ( an organization closely affiliat$ to ! gov]nm5t & t5d]ly *]i%$ by its (fic]s1 yet1 9 virtue ( its indep5d5t f\ndation1 indep5d5t ( political favor1 & ready to enc\rage1 advise & cop]ate ) any public or private ent]prise )\t ! necessity ( annual appeals to ! congressional committees on appropriations4 ,visitors to ! national capital usually c>ry away pleasant memories ( ! quiet old build+ among ! trees 9 ! mall1 ) its m$ival battlem5ts & turrets ( br[n /one conspicu\s f e po9t ( view1 & ! multitude :o ent] its halls are at lea/ impress$ ) ! fact t ! national treasure h\ses are becom+ fill$ ) valuable collections r fa/] ?an ! available money & space w all[ to be prop]ly arrang$ & display$4 ,only a v few1 h[ev]1 ( ! f\r hundr$ ?\s& p]sons :o visit$ ! build+s la/ ye> c h _h ! opportunity to inspect ! adm9i/rative (fices or ! sci5tific laboratories1 & v few inde$ ( ^? :o are acqua9t$ ) ! g5]al nature ( ! op]ations ( ! e/abli%m5t1 h ! slighte/ conception ( _! mean+ & importance4 ,no class ( ,am]ican p1 except inde$ our sci5tific inve/igators1 bett] und]/& & appreciate ! "w ( ! ,in/itution ?an d our memb]s ( ,congress1 z is cle>ly %[n by ! uni=m lib]ality ) :i*1 ?r\gh\t _m successive t]ms1 reg>dless ( *anges 9 ! political complexion ( ! adm9i/ration1 !y h support$ its policy1 by ! c>e ) :i* !y dissem9ate its reports1 by ! judgm5t ) :i* !y select _! repres5tatives 9 its bo>d ( reg5ts1 & above all1 by ! scrupul\s c>e ) :i* !y h protect$ its indep5d5ce f political complications4 ,?r\gh ! dis9t]e/$ labors ( ,wa%+ton correspond5ts1 noveli/s1 & playwrights1 ! av]age congressman ( curr5t1 popul> belief1 is n a p]son rem>kable ei!r = mann]s1 hone/y or intellect4 ,resid5ts ( ,wa%+ton1 h[ev]1 d n f9d ! repres5tative m5 at ! ,capital c\nt]p>ts ( ! em95t politicians depict$ by ! au?or ( 8,democracy10 b 9 _! /ead1 practical m5 ( bus9ess1 h>d-work+ 9 _! committees & h>d-work$ by _! con/itu5ts4 ,x is its support by ^! m51 & ?r\gh !m by ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 t has enabl$ ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution to d its "w 9 ! pa/4 ,x is to su* support t x w owe its effici5cy 9 ! future1 & x seems "r t e opportunity %\ld be tak5 to expla9 its op]ations to ! public4 ,repres5tatives ( ! be/ classes ( ?9k+ ,am]icans w no d\bt ?or\ghly appreciate ! b5efits :i* education has receiv$ & w cont9ue to receive f ! prop] adm9i/ration ( ! ,smi?sonian beque/4 ,! /ory ( ! f\ndation ( ! ,in/itution s\nds m l a romance ?an l fact4 ,its hi/ory seems l ! fulfillm5t ( "s anci5t prophecy--ev5 m /rik+ly s because x is evid5t t ! future is to fulfill ! promise ( ! pa/4 ,! fa!r ( ! f\nd] ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution 0 "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ memb]s ( ! ,engli% pe]age4 ,^u ! plate ( 8 c(f9 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 :]e he 0 buri$ 89 great pomp0 9 #aghf1 he is describ$ z 8! mo/ high1 puissant & mo/ noble pr9ce ,hugh ,p]cy1 ,duke & ,e>l ( ,nor?umb]l&1 ,e>l ,p]cy1 ,b>on ,w>kwor? & ,lova9e1 ,"l ,lieut5ant & ,cu/os ,rotulorum ( ! ,c\nties ( ,middlesex & ,nor?umb]l&1 ,vice ,admiral ( ! ,c\nty ( ,nor?umb]l& & ( all ,am]ica1 "o ( ! ,lords ( ,8 ,maje/y's mo/ ,honorable ,privy ,c\ncil & ,knight ( ! mo/ noble ,ord] ( ! ,g>t]1 etc41 etc40 ,:ile 8 ag$ fa!r 0 su/a9+ ?is ov]:elm+ accumulation ( dignities1 & :ile 8 eld] bro!r1 ,e>l ,p]cy1 0 act+ z ,lieut5ant-,g5]al 9 ! w> aga9/ ! rebelli\s ,briti% colonies 9 ,nor? ,am]ica 7he comm&$ ! re9=cem5ts at ! battle ( ,lex+ton 9 #agge1 & l$ ! column t r$uc$ ,=t ,wa%+ton1 ne> ,new ,york 9 #aggf71 ,james ,smi?son1 a y\? ( mode/ =tune1 inh]it$ f 8 "m1 0 lay+ ! f\ndations ( a sci5tific education 9 ! ,engli% s*ools & colleges1 receiv+ ! degree ( ,ma/] ( ,arts at ,pembroke ,college1 ,ox=d1 9 #aghf1 ! ye> ( 8 fa!r's dea?4 ,he 0 !n kn[n z ,james ,l\is ,macie1 ,esq41 & did n assume ! "n ( ,smi?son until f\rte5 ye>s lat]1 aft] he _h atta9$ to "s reputation z a man ( sci5ce4 ,8 "m 0 n ! ,du*ess ( ,nor?umb]l&1 b a c\s9 ( h] fa!r's1 ,elizabe? ,hung]=d1 :o 0 subsequ5tly kn[n z ,mrs4 ,macie4 ,%e appe>s to h be5 ! daught] & heiress ( ,sir ,george ,hung]=d ( ,audley & ! ,hon4 ,frances ,seym\r1 si/] ( ! ,duke ( ,som]set & aunt ( ,alg]non ,seym\r1 ,"l ,p]cy1 by m>riage ) ^: daught] ,sir ,hugh ,smi?son 0 enabl$ to assume ! "n ( ,p]cy & ! title ( ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l&4 ,! ,smi?sons 7 an old ,york%ire family1 ,sir ,hugh ,smi?son1 ! great-gr&fa!r ( ,james ,smi?son1 hav+ be5 creat$ b>onet 9 #affj by ,*>les ,,ii4 aft] 8 re/oration4 ,! names ( ,p]cy & ,nor?umb]l& 71 z has be5 /at$1 assum$ by ,james ,smi?son's fa!r4 ,^! b>r51 g5ealogical details are ref]r$ to because !y seem to be necess>y to ! und]/&+ ( ,james ,smi?son's c>e]4 ,pr\d ( 8 desc5t he und\bt$ly 04 ,9 8 w he describes 8 id5tity himself 9 ^! words3 8,i1 ,james ,smi?son1 son ( ,hugh1 fir/ ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l& & ,elizabe?1 heiress ( ! ,hung]=ds ( ,audley1 & niece to ,*>les ! ,pr\d1 ,duke ( ,som]set40 ,he 01 h[ev]1 a man ( broad1 philosophic m9d1 9 :om a ?or\gh tra9+ 9 ! be/ sci5tific me?ods ( 8 day1 & associations ) lead+ inve/igators 9 ,g]many & ,france1 & 8 bro!r ,fell[s ( ! ,royal ,society ( ,london1 _h develop$ a g5]\s appreciation ( ! value ( s*ol>%ip & sci5tific culture4 ,9 "o ( 8 manuscripts 0 f\nd ! foll[+ s5tim5t1 :i* ,i h already ref]r$ to z prophetic 9 its r+3 8,! be/ blood ( ,engl& fl[s 9 my ve9s2 on my fa!r's side ,i am a ,nor?umb]l&1 on my "m's ,i am relat$ to k+s1 b ?is avails me n4 ,my "n %all live 9 ! memory ( man :5 ! titles ( ! ,nor?umb]l&s & ! ,p]cys are ext9ct & =gott540 ,^! words came to my m9d la/ summ] 9 ,london :5 ,i saw ! pres5t ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l&1 gr&son ( ,smi?son's half-bro!r1 a feeble old man1 /ill "o ( ,engl&'s greate/ dignit>ies1 foll[+ 9 ! tra9 ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 & ris+ to falt] out a feeble spee* propos+ a vote ( ?anks to ,8 ,royal ,highness = presid+ at "o ( ! conf]5ces ( ! ,int]national ,fi%]ies' ,exhibition1 ^u ! occasion ( an address by ,pr(4 ,huxley1 presid5t ( ! ,royal ,society4 ,! "n ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution has a _w-wide fame2 b :o outside ( ,engli% c\rt circles ev] he>d ( ,alg]non ,george ,p]cy1 ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l&8 ,smi?son seems e>ly 9 life to h become imbu$ ) ! sci5tific _s ( 8 "t4 ,9 #aghd1 :ile /ill an und]graduate at ,ox=d1 he made a sci5tific exploration ( ! coa/s ( ,scotl& 9 company ) a p>ty ( geologi/s4 ,9 #aghg he 0 admitt$ z a ,fell[ ( ! ,royal ,society1 & dur+ ! rema9+ =ty-two ye>s ( 8 life1 a consid]able portion ( :i* 0 pass$ ^u ! cont95t1 9 ,b]l91 ,p>is1 ,rome1 ,flor5ce & ,g5eva1 he 0 ! associate ( ! lead+ m5 ( sci5ce1 & devot$ himself to rese>*4 ,he made an ext5sive collection ( m9]als1 :i* 0 de/roy$ by ! burn+ ( a portion ( ! ,smi?sonian build+ 9 #ahfe1 & always c>ri$ ) him a portable *emical laboratory4 ,8 contributions to sci5ce are includ$ 9 tw5ty-sev5 memoirs1 *iefly ^u topics 9 m9]alogy & organic *emi/ry1 b a numb] ( !m relat+ to appli$ sci5ce & ! indu/rial arts4 ,8 "w 0 by no means ( an epo*-mak+ "*1 b seems to h be5 rem>kable = its m9ute accuracy4 ,smi?son 0 a mu* great] man ?an 8 publi%$ writ+s w\ld indicate4 ,9 8 eulogy ! presid5t ( ! ,royal ,society rem>k$3 8,he c>ri$ ) him ! e/eem ( v>i\s private fri5ds1 & ( a /ill l>g] numb] ( p]sons :o admir$ & appreciat$ 8 acquirem5ts40 ,he 0 evid5tly a man ( broad1 g5]al culture1 :o und]/ood ?or\ghly ! ne$s ( ! _w 9 ! direction ( sci5tific end[m5t1 & ^: action 9 bequea?+ 8 e/ate to ! p ( ,am]ica 0 delib]ate & well consid]$4 ,9 8 admirable little monograph entitl$ 8,smi?son & ,8 ,beque/10 ,mr4 ,w4 ,j4 ,rhees has %[n ! t5d5cy ( ! "t ( ,smi?son to h be5 9 ! direction ( e/abli%+ p]man5t sci5tific in/itutions4 ,betwe5 #aghb & #ahbf1 ov] tw5ty ( ! mo/ important academies & societies n[ 9 exi/5ce 7 organiz$4 ,?is p]iod he rem>ks 80 n less m>k$ by ! gloom occasion$ by long protract$ & almo/ univ]sal w>1 & ! ext5t & rapidity ( its social *anges1 ?an by ! lu/] ( its brilliant discov]ies 9 sci5ce1 & its useful inv5tions 9 ! arts4 ,pure1 ab/ract sci5ce _h _m illu/ri\s vot>ies1 & ! practical applications ( its tru?s gave to ! _w _m ( ! great inv5tions by means ( :i* civilization has made su* imm5se & rapid progress40 ,he quotes 9 support ( ^! /atem5ts ! words ( ,"l ,br\gham1 ! repres5tative /atesman ( ! day4 8,to in/ruct ! p 9 ! rudim5ts ( philosophy10 ,br\gham rem>k$1 8w\ld ( itself be an object suffici5tly brilliant to allure ! noble/ ambition40 ,he recomm5d$ ?is idea to ! weal?y m5 ( ,engl&1 po9t+ out h[1 by ! promotion ( su* ends1 a man1 h[ev] av]se to ! turmoil ( public affairs1 may enjoy ! noble/ gratification ( :i* ! mo/ aspir+ nature is susceptible1 & may influ5ce by 8 s+le ex]tions ! "* & =tunes ( a :ole g5]ation4 ,v closely d ^! ideas agree ) ^? express$ by ,smi?son 9 v>i\s passages 9 8 note books1 especially ) t :i* is us$ = a motto ^u ! publications ( ! ,in/itution3 8,e man is a valuable memb] ( society :o1 by 8 obs]vations1 rese>*es1 & exp]im5ts1 procures k = m540 ,or ?is3 8,x is 9 8 k t man has f\nd 8 greatness & 8 happ9ess1 ! high sup]iority :i* he holds ov] ! o!r animals :o inh]it ! e>? ) him1 & consequ5tly1 no ignorance is probably )\t loss to him1 no error )\t evil40 ,x 0 ) a m9d full ( su* ?\ghts z ^!1 ) p]haps ! support & inspiration ( ,"l ,br\gham's words quot$ above f 8 8,treatise on ,popul> ,education10 pr9t$ 9 #ahbe1 ) su* models 9 m9d z ! ,royal ,society1 ^: object is 8! improvem5t ( natural k10 ! ,royal ,in/itution 8= diffus+ ! k & facilitat+ ! g5]al introduction ( useful me*anical inv5tions & improvem5ts1 & = tea*+ ! application ( sci5ce to ! common purposes ( life10 & ! ,society = ! ,diffusion ( ,useful ,k e/abli%$ 9 ,london 9 #ahbe1 t 9 #ahbf ,smi?son drew up 8 w conta9+ ! foll[+ weighty provision3 8,i bequea? ! :ole ( my prop]ty to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica to f\nd at ,wa%+ton1 "u ! "n ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution1 an e/abli%m5t = ! increase & diffusion ( k among m540 ,no "o has be5 able to %[ :y he select$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates z ! seat ( 8 f\ndation4 ,he _h no acqua9tances 9 ,am]ica1 nor does he appe> to h _h any books relat+ to ,am]ica save two4 ,rhees quotes f "o ( ^!1 8,travels ,?r\gh ,nor? ,am]ica10 by ,isaac ,weld1 secret>y ( ! ,royal ,society1 a p>agraph conc]n+ ,wa%+ton1 !n a small t[n ( #e1jjj inhabitants1 9 :i* x is pr$ict$ t 8! ,f$]al city1 z soon z navigation is p]fect$1 w increase mo/ rapidly1 & t at a future day1 if ! affairs ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates g on z rapidly z !y h done1 x w become ! gr& emporium ( ! ,we/1 & rival 9 magnitude & spl5dor ! cities ( ! :ole _w40 ,inspir$ by a belief 9 ! future greatness ( ! new nation1 realiz+ t :ile ! ne$s ( ,engl& 7 well met by exi/+ organizations su* z w\ld n be likely to spr+ up = _m ye>s 9 a new1 poor1 & gr[+ c\ntry1 he f\nd$ 9 ! new ,engl& an in/itution ( le>n+1 ! civiliz+ p[] ( :i* has be5 ( incalculable value4 ,:o c attempt to say :at ! condition ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld h be5 to-day )\t ?is beque/8 ,9 ! words ( ,john ,qu9cy ,adams3 8,( all ! f\ndations ( e/abli%m5ts = pi\s or *>itable uses :i* ev] signaliz$ ! _s ( ! age or ! compreh5sive b5efic5ce ( ! f\nd]1 none c be nam$ m des]v+ ! approbation ( mank9d40 ,:5 ! fact ( ! beque/ became kn[n1 "s six ye>s aft] ,smi?son's dea?1 mu* opposition 0 %[n 9 ,congress t[>d its acceptance4 ,em95t /atesm5 l ,calh\n & ,pre/on argu$ t x 0 b5ea? ! dignity ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to receive pres5ts1 & t x 0 too *eap a way ( conf]r+ immortality on ! donor4 ,! wise c\nsels & en?usia/ic labors ( ,john ,qu9cy ,adams1 :o seems to h _h f ! fir/ a ?or\gh appreciation ( ! importance ( ! matt]1 f9ally prevail$1 & ! ,hon4 ,ri*>d ,ru% 0 s5t to ,engl& to prosecute ! claim4 ,he ent]$ suit 9 ! ,c\rts ( ,*anc]y1 9 ! "n ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & 9 less ?an two ye>s--an ev5t unp>allel$ 9 ! ,c\rt ( ,*anc]y--_h obta9$ a favorable decision4 ,! legacy 0 br\ght ov] 9 ! =m ( #ajd1ifj gold sov]eigns :i* 7 deliv]$ ,septemb] #a/1 #ahch1 to ! ,philadelphia m9t1 :]e !y 7 imm$iately reco9$ into ,am]ican money1 produc+ #ejh1cah4df1 z ! fir/ in/allm5t ( ! ,smi?sonian legacy4 ,?is 0 increas$ 9 #ahfa to #ecd1ebi4ji4 ,= eight ye>s ! legacy lay 9 ! ,treasury1 :ile ! wise m5 ( ! nation tri$ to decide :at to d ) x4 ,9 ?is in/ance ! adage t 9 ! multitude ( c\nselors !re is wisdom did n appe> to be applicable 9 ! ord9>y int]pretation4 ,! delay1 ?\gh irksome to ^? :o desir$ to see imm$iate results1 01 h[ev]1 ! be/ ?+ 9 ! end = ! int]e/s ( ! tru/4 ,e imag9able disposition ( ! legacy 0 propos$ & discuss$ 9 ,congress2 ! debates fill ne>ly ?ree hundr$ & fifty pages ( ,rhees's compilation ( ,smi?sonian docum5ts4 ,lett]s by ! hundr$1 advisory1 expo/ulatory & dissuasive 7 receiv$ f repres5tative ?9k]s & f societies at home & abroad4 ,e man _h a s*eme peculi> to himself1 & oppos$ all o!r s*emes ) a vigor proportionate to _! dissimil>ity to 8 own4 ,s*ools ( e grade1 f a national univ]sity to an agricultural s*ool1 a normal s*ool & a s*ool = ! bl9d 7 propos$4 ,a libr>y1 a botanical g>d51 an obs]vatory1 a *emical laboratory1 a popul> publi%+ h\se1 a lecture lyceum1 an art museum1 any & all ( ^! & _m m 7 propos$ & advocat$ by ?is volunt>y congress ( _m m5 ( _m m9ds4 ,x is n necess>y 9 ?is place to discuss ! hi/ory ( ! p]iod at l5g?1 nor to relate ! mann] 9 :i* ! preval5ce ( wis] c\ncils 0 br\ght ab\t4 ,x is suffici5t to say t ?\gh ! new in/itution 0 burd5$ f ! />t ) v>i\s und]tak+s :i* h s9ce prov$ unpr(itable or bett] suit$ to ! capacity ( o!r in/itutions1 su* h be5 ! flexibility ( its organization & ! vitality ( its memb]%ip t x has be5 able to "w out a c>e] = itself unp>allel$ 9 ! hi/ory ( b5evol5t f\ndations4 ,x ne$ n be said t ! accompli%m5t ( ^! effects 0 ! result ( long cont9u$ ef=t on ! "p ( m5 ( unusual ability1 en]gy & p]sonal influ5ce4 ,no bo>d ( tru/ees or reg5ts1 no succession ( (fic]s s]v+ out _! t]ms 9 rotation c\ld h develop$ f a *aos ( conflict+ op9ions1 a /rongly individualiz$ e/abli%m5t l ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution4 ,! names ( ,joseph ,h5ry & ,sp5c] ,f4 ,baird are s ?or\ghly id5tifi$ ) t ( ! ,in/itution t _! biographies comb9$ w\ld =m an almo/ complete hi/ory ( its op]ations4 ,a ?irty-two ye>s' t]m ( un9t]rupt$ adm9i/rative s]vice has be5 r5d]$ by "o1 ?irty-f\r ye>s by ! o!r4 ,x is v d\btful :e!r any o!r in/itution has ev] _h ! b5efit ( su* an un9t]rupt$ adm9i/ration ( ?irty-eight ye>s1 beg9n+ ) its bir? & cont9u+ 9 an unbrok5 l9e ( consi/5t policy a c>e] ( increas+ usefulness & ent]prise4 ,joseph ,h5ry1 ! fir/ secret>y1 ent]$ ^u 8 duties at ! end ( ! ye> #ahdf1 a man already fam\s z an inve/igator 9 physical sci5ce1 a pr(essor ( f\rte5 ye>s' /&+ 9 ,pr9ceton ,college1 & recogniz$ z em95t 9 sci5tific & g5]al acquirem5ts4 ,f ! age ( =ty-sev5 to t ( sev5ty-n9e1 8 life 0 m]g$ 9 t ( ! ,in/itution4 ,pr(essor ,asa ,gray has po9t$ out s cle>ly ! deep impression :i* he made ^u ! ,in/itution :ile x 0 yet pla/ic1 t ,i v5ture to quote 8 words 9 ord] to expla9 ! "* ( ?is new =ce 9 ! evolution ( good results f ! ,smi?son b5efaction4 8,"s "t be=e 8 appo9tm5t10 writes ,pr(essor ,gray1 8he _h be5 reque/$ by memb]s ( ! ,bo>d ( ,reg5ts to exam9e ! w ( ,smi?son & to sugge/ a plan ( organization by :i* ! object ( ! beque/ might1 9 8 op9ion1 be/ be realiz$4 ,he did s1 & ! plan he drew 0 9 _! h&s :5 he 0 *os5 secret>y4 ,! plan 0 bas$ on ! conviction #8t ! int5tion ( ! donor 0 to advance sci5ce by orig9al rese>* & publication2 t ! e/abli%m5t 0 = ! b5efit ( mank9d g5]ally1 & t all unnecess>y exp5ditures on local objects w\ld be violations ( ! tru/4' ,8 #8,programme ( ,organization' 0 submitt$ to ! ,bo>d ( ,reg5ts 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 0 adopt$ z its gov]n+ policy1 & has be5 repr9t$ 9 full or 9 "p 9 almo/ e annual report4 ,if ! ,in/itution is n[ kn[n & prais$ ?r\gh\t ! _w ( sci5ce & lett]s1 if x is fulfill+ ! w ( its f\nd] & ! reasonable expectations ( ! nation :i* accept$ & e/abli%$ ! tru/1 ! cr$it is ma9ly due to ! practical wisdom1 ! ca?olic _s1 & ! indomitable p]sev]ance ( its fir/ secret>y1 to :om ! e/abli%+ act gave mu* p[] ( %ap+ ends1 :i* z r\gh-hewn by ,congress 7 susceptible ( v>i\s div]sion4 ,h5ry took 8 /& on ! broad & ample t]ms ( ! beque/1 #8= ! increase & diffusion ( useful k among m51' & he nev] n>r[$ 8 m9d & to locality gave :at 0 meant = mank9d4 ,he propos$ only "o re/riction1 ( wisdom & necessity1 t 9 view ( ! limit$ means ( ! ,in/itution1 x ought n to und]take any?+ :i* c\ld be done1 & well done1 by o!r exi/+ in/rum5talities4 ,s z occasion arose he light5$ its load & sav$ its en]gies by giv+ ov] to o!r ag5cies "s ( its *]i%$ "w40 ,! "* ( ! "w done 9 manifold directions w be discuss$ topically bel[2 its _s is suffici5tly indicat$ 9 ,dr4 ,gray's t]se summ>y j quot$4 ,pr(essor ,h5ry di$ 9 #ahgh4 8,rememb]+ 8 great c>e] z a man ( sci5ce10 rem>k$ ,presid5t ,g>field1 8z a man :o s]v$ 8 ,gov]nm5t ) s+ul> ability & fai?fulness1 :o 0 lov$ & v5]at$ by e circle :o 0 bless$ ) ! light ( 8 fri5d%ip1 ! wor?ie/ & ! be/1 ^: life add$ new lu/] to ! glory ( ! human race1 we %all be mo/ =tunate if ev] 9 ! future we see 8 l aga940,h ,8 /atue1 erect$ by ,congress1 /&s 9 ! ,smi?sonian ,p>k4 ,conc]n+ ! influ5ce ( ,pr(essor ,baird1 ^u :om ! mantle ( 8 pr$ecessor has desc5d$1 x w\ld p]haps be premature & out ( ta/e to speak4 ,8 em95ce z a naturali/ & 8 patriotic s]vice z ,commission] ( ,fi%]ies are too well kn[n to ne$ m5tion1 & inde$ may be q z appropriately discuss$ else:]e4 ,z assi/ant secret>y f ! age ( tw5ty-f\r he 0 intimately associat$ ) ,pr(essor ,h5ry = tw5ty-sev5 ye>s1 & 8 executive ability f\nd full scope 9 ! developm5t ( ! sy/ems ( publication & int]national ex*ange1 z well z ! museum1 & ! explorations1 biological & e?nological1 :i* 7 f ! beg9n+ "u 8 *>ge4 ,z secret>y 8 policy has be5 a direct cont9uation ( t ( ,pr(essor ,h5ry4 ,! s]vices ( ,mr4 ,william ,j4 ,rhees1 = ?irty-two ye>s *ief cl]k1 m]it also especial notice4 ,! =mal direction ( ! ,in/itution is ve/$ 9 a bo>d ( reg5ts1 consi/+ ( ! ,vice ,presid5t & ,*ief ,ju/ice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ?ree memb]s ea* f ! ,s5ate & ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 & six p]sons citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates appo9t$ by ,congress4 ,! ,presid5t & 8 cab9et are ex (ficio memb]s ( ! ,in/itution1 & !re is a provision1 n at pres5t c>ri$ into effect1 provid+ = ! election ( honor>y memb]s ( ! ,in/itution4 ,! secret>y is ! only executive (fic] ( ! bo>d1 & is responsible to ! bo>d = 8 conduct ( affairs4 ,! reg5ts meet once a ye> 9 ,janu>y4 ,_m em95t m5 h s]v$ 9 ! capacity ( reg5ts1 & ! records ( _! proce$+s indicate t _! int]e/ 9 ! "w "u _! *>ge has be5 uni=mly v active4 ,! build+ occupi$ by ! ,in/itution & be>+ its "n is an ornate /ructure ( ,s5eca br[n /one1 occupy+ a prom95t position 9 ! 8,mall0 :i* ext5ds f ! ,capitol to ! ,wa%+ton monum5t4 ,?is build+ 0 begun 9 #ahdg & complet$ 9 #ahee4 ,x is hybrid 9 "*1 comb9+ features select$ f bo? ,go?ic & ,romanesque /yle1 & is m admir$ by ! public ?an by connoisseurs 9 ar*itecture4 ,x is d\btful if a build+ m unsuit$ to ! purposes = :i* x 0 design$ 0 ev] con/ruct$4 ,! div]sion ( ! funds ( ! ,smi?sonian beque/ to ?is build+ 0 "o ( ,pr(essor ,h5ry's greate/ griefs1 & be=e ! close ( 8 life by c>eful economy ( ! annual income1 he _h succe$$ 9 re/or+ ! entire sum1 am\nt+ to ab\t #dej1jjj to ! p]man5t end[m5t fund1 beside increas+ ?is fund ne>ly #aej1jjj ov] & above ! orig9al beque/4 ,! ea/]n w+ ( ! build+1 = s _m ye>s ! hospitable home ( ! secret>y1 has be5 recon/ruct$ int]nally1 & ! (fices ( ! ,in/itution are all e/abli%$ )9 its walls4 ,! rema9d] ( ! build+ is occupi$ by laboratories & exhibition halls connect$ ) ! ,national ,museum4 ,ano!r build+ has rec5tly be5 built ea/ ( ! ,smi?sonian = ! reception ( a portion ( ! national collections4 ,?is 0 put up by congressional appropriation1 & ,congress has at la/ recogniz$ ! ju/ice ( ! claim1 s _m ye>s urg$ ^u !m by ! secret>y1 t ! ,smi?son money %\ld n be us$ to provide %elt] = ! gov]nm5t cab9ets1 & has assum$ ! c>e ( ! ,smi?sonian build+ & votes money = its repairs & ma9t5ance4 ,few p :o visit ,wa%+ton make ! prop] discrim9ation betwe5 ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution prop]1 & ! e/abli%m5ts "u its cu/ody4 ,:at !y see is ! ,national ,museum4 ,! relations ( ! ,museum to ! ,in/itution w be discuss$ m fully 9 a sep>ate article1 b x is necess>y to /ate j "h t x is n ! prop]ty ( ! ,in/itution1 b r its w>d--its managem5t be+ intru/$ by law to ! ,in/itution :i* is provid$ ) funds = its ma9t5ance by annual congressional grants4 ,9 e>ly days ! ,smi?sonian support$ collections ( its own1 b ^! 7 n prim>ily = public exhibition1 b = ! uses ( sci5tific inve/igators4 ,pr(essor ,h5ry always ma9ta9$ t n "o c5t ( ! ,smi?son fund c\ld ) propriety be appli$ to ! support ( ! ,national ,museum1 & 8 view is n[ ! accept$ "o4 ,9 ! ,smi?sonian prop]1 little is to be se5 by visitors4 ,9 ! reg5ts' room is an int]e/+ collection ( relics ( ! f\nd]1 includ+ 8 portrait1 8 sci5tific libr>y1 & c]ta9 ( 8 pictures & p]sonal effects4 ,beside ! reg5ts' room !re are (fices1 /ore rooms & pack+ rooms occupi$ by busy cl]ks & me*anics4 ,! ,smi?sonian is1 fir/ ( all1 an executive e/abli%m5t1 to :i* h be5 confid$ v>i\s tru/s1 to be m5tion$ h]eaft]4 ,x is also a publi%+ h\se1 & an 8ex*ange0 = ! reception & transmission ( sci5tific mat]ials4 ,! great masses ( books 9 br[n wrapp]s & cases ( pap]s1 app>atus & specim5s con/itute !re=e ! great] bulk ( ! mat]ial ) :i* x has to deal4 ,! lead+ feature ( ! plan propos$ by ,pr(essor ,h5ry 0 f ! fir/ 8to assi/ m5 ( sci5ce 9 mak+ orig9al rese>*es1 to publi% !m 9 a s]ies ( volumes1 & to give a copy ( !m to e fir/-class libr>y on ! face ( ! e>?40 ,! mann] 9 :i* ! fir/ item ( policy has be5 c>ri$ out c n be describ$ "h4 ,^? :o wi% to "k h[ x has be5 done mu/ consult ! ?irty-f\r ?ick volumes ( ! annual reports1 pres5t$ to & pr9t$ by ,congress4 ,x is safe to say1 h[ev]1 9 g5]al t]ms t !re is probably n a sci5tific inve/igator 9 ,am]ica to :om ! help+ h& ( ! ,in/itution has n at "s "t be5 ( s]vice1 & t assi/ance ( ?is sort has be5 by no means re/rict$ to ?is side ( ! ,atlantic4 ,books1 app>atus & laboratory accommodations h be5 suppli$ 9 ?\s&s ( in/ances1 & e ye> a c]ta9 numb] ( money grants h be5 made4 ,n less important has be5 ! p]sonal enc\ragem5t af=d$1 especially to beg9n]s & p]sons remote f o!r advice1 9 ! hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( lett]s :i* h be5 writt5 by ! two secret>ies dur+ ! sev5ty ye>s ( _! add$ t]ms ( (fice4 ,no communication is ev] pass$ by unnotic$ & ! ar*ive rooms ( ! ,in/itution pack$ f floor to ceil+ ) lett] files & lett] copy books are well wor?y ( inspection4 ,! publications ( ! e/abli%m5t are z num]\s z ^? ( a great publi%+ h\se1 & z a matt] ( fact1 !y are all giv5 away2 al?\gh !re is a provision = _! sale at co/ price1 ,i d\bt if a ?\s& doll>s' wor? has be5 sold 9 five ye>s4 ,!re are ?ree s]ies1 ! aspect ( :i* mu/ be famili> to e obs]v+ p]son :o has ev] sp5t a day among ! %elves 9 any ,am]ican libr>y ( respectable /&+4 ,! ,smi?sonian 8,contributions to ,k10 n[ includ+ tw5ty-?ree /ately volumes qu>to ) #aaf memoirs1 9 all #ab1def pages1 & num]\s f9e plates1 ! ,smi?sonian miscellane\s collection1 9 octavo1 conta9+ #abb pap]s ) #bj1bii pages1 & ?irty-five annual reports4 ,! pap]s includ$ 9 ^! volumes are all publi%$ sep>ately1 ! numb] ( sep>ate volumes pr9t$ up to ?is "t be+ above #ejj4 ,^! include pap]s v>y+ 9 l5g? f #d to #a1jjj pages1 by ! mo/ em95t speciali/s 9 e bran* ( sci5ce4 ,! mo/ rec5t "w1 "o n[ 9 progress1 two volumes hav+ be5 publi%$1 is a sy/ematic "w on ! botany ( ,nor? ,am]ica by ,dr4 ,asa ,gray2 ano!r is an illu/rat$ "w on prehi/oric fi%+1 by ,dr4 ,*>les ,rau4 ,i h nev] se5 an e/imate ( ! value ( ! books di/ribut$ dur+ ! ?irty-eight ye>s1 b ,i %\ld judge t x c n fall bel[ #a1jjj1jjj1 e/imat+ ! prices at /&+ publi%+ rates4 ,9 addition to ! direct publications ( ! ,in/itution let u look at ! num]\s magnific5t volumes ( sci5tific reports pr9t$ 9 m or less direct cop]ation ) ! ,in/itution by ! v>i\s gov]nm5t surveys & explor+ exp$itions1 at gov]nm5t exp5se4 ,:o c d\bt t ! ext5t ( ?is lit]ature1 :i* is a con/ant s\rce ( comm5t 9 =eign sci5tific j\rnals1 :]e x is desir$ to /imulate ,european gov]nm5ts to publi% sci5tific rese>*es 9 a simil> way1 is l>gely a product ( ! influ5ce ( ! ,in/itution8 ,"o ( ! ma9 features ( ! ,in/itution 9 its e>ly days 0 its libr>y4 ,its publications 7 di/ribut$ ?r\gh\t ! _w to e sci5tific & lit]>y in/itution ( good repute1 & 9 ex*ange !y s5t _! own publications4 ,9 ?is way an imm5se collection ( sci5tific p]iodicals & j\rnals 0 receiv$1 & ! ,smi?sonian libr>y became "o ( ! mo/ ext5sive 9 ! _w 9 ?is dep>tm5t4 ,books came 9 freely f o!r qu>t]s & ! support ( ! libr>y became a great burd5 to ! ,smi?son fund4 ,! same policy :i* l$ to ! ab&onm5t ( ! ,smi?sonian cab9et1 l$ to a transf] ( ! libr>y1 & 9 #ahff ! books 7 transf]r$ to ! ,capitol :]e !y are c>$ = z a section ( ! national libr>y "u ! "n ( 8,! ,smi?sonian ,deposit40 ,! books come 9 z h]et(ore1 9 ex*ange & z donations1 & are s5t weekly to _! place ( cu/ody at ! o!r end ( ! mall4 ,! increase 9 #ahhc am\nt$ to #aa1gci books & pamphlets1 & ! total deposit am\nts to ab\t #ajj1jjj volumes4 ,sev]al ?\s& volumes are reta9$ 9 ! work+ libr>ies ( ! ,in/itution4 ,at ! "t ( ! ,smi?son beque/ ! end[m5t ( rese>* _h sc>cely be5 attempt$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,!re 7 s*ools & colleges 9 :i* sci5ce 0 taught & c]ta9 ( ! pr(essors employ$ 9 ^! in/itutions 7 engag$ 9 orig9al inve/igation4 ,!re 7 a few "y & /ruggl+ sci5tific societies1 ! ,am]ican ,academy ( ,sci5ces 9 ,bo/on1 & ! ,bo/on ,society ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ! ,connecticut ,academy ( ,sci5ces1 ! ,new ,york ,lyceum ( ,natural ,hi/ory 7n[ ! ,new ,york ,academy ( ,sci5ces71 ! ,am]ican ,philosophical ,society1 & ! ,academy ( ,natural ,sci5ces 9 ,philadelphia4 ,! ,am]ican ,association = ! ,advancem5t ( ,sci5ce 0 n organiz$ until #ahdj4 ,! publications ( ^! societies 7 necess>ily v limit$ 9 ext5t & influ5ce1 b !n toge!r ) ! mon?ly j\rnal publi%$ at ,new ,hav51 by ,pr(essor ,silliman1 !y embodi$ ! *ief outcome ( ,am]ican sci5tific "w4 ,sci5ce 9 ,am]ica 0 an infant 9 swaddl+ clo!s4 ,=ty ye>s h pass$ & ,am]ican sci5ce n[ /&s by ! side ( ! sci5ce ( ,brita91 ( ,g]many1 ( ,france1 a fell[ work]1 compet+ on an equal foot+ 9 ne>ly e field ( rese>*4 ,no "o is likely to "q ! /atem5t t ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution has done :at 0 absolutely indisp5sable to ! rapid & symmetrical developm5t ( ,am]ican sci5tific in/itutions1 & x is equally c]ta9 t ! progress ( ,am]ican sci5ce has _h an imm5se influ5ce ^u ! welf>e ( ,am]ica 9 e dep>tm5t ( intellectual & indu/rial activity4 ,x has (f]$ a help+ h& to e in/itution & e individual 9 ,am]ica capable ( pr(it+ by its g5]\s aid1 & has /imulat$ cop]ation by !m ) simil> work]s abroad4 ,9 ?is way its influ5ce has be5 enorm\s1 b /ill great] has be5 ! b5efit ( its /imulat+ p[]s ^u ! policy ( ! g5]al gov]nm5t t[>d sci5tific ends4 ,,footnotes ,h 8,"o trait10 rem>ks ,pr(essor ,gray1 8may n be :olly omitt$ f ! biography ( "o :o has well be5 call$ #8! model ( a ,*ri/ian g5tleman1' & :o is also our be/ example ( a physical philosoph]4 ,8 life 0 ! practical h>mony ( ! two *>act]s4 ,8 entire fre$om f ! d\bts :i* di/urb "s m9ds is %[n 9 t la/ lett] :i* he dictat$1 9 :i* he t\*es ! gr\nds ( fai?1 bo? 9 natural & reveal$ religion2 also 9 8 s5t5ti\s decl>ation ^u "s e>li] occasions1 t ! p]son :o ?\ght !re c\ld be any real conflict betwe5 sci5ce & religion mu/ be ei!r v "y 9 sci5ce or v ignorant ( religion40 ,,geography ,,( ,,! ,,heav5s ,,= ,,febru>y4 ,,by ,,pr(4 ,m4 ,b4 ,,g(f1 ,we/]n ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania4 ,,! ,,sun4 8,n[ :5 ! *e]less empire ( ! sky ,to ,capricorn ! ,c5taur ,ar*] yields1 ,& fi]ce ,aqu>ius /a9s ! inv]t$ ye>2 ,hung o'er ! f>!/ v]ge ( heav51 ! ,,sun ,sc>ce spreads o'er e!r ! deject$ day4 ,fa9t are 8 gleams1 & ineffectual %oot ,8 /ruggl+ rays 9 horizontal l9es1 ,?r\gh ! ?ick air2 z clo!d 9 cl\dy /orm1 ,weak1 wan1 & broad1 he skirts ! s\!rn sky2 ,&1 soon desc5d+1 to ! long d>k night1 ,wide-%ad+ all1 ! pro/rate _w resigns40 ,b z ! days g by1 8 rays no long] /ruggle 8?r\gh ! ?ick air0 9 8horizontal l9es10 nor does he s closely 8skirt ! s\!rn sky10 b high] m\nt+ pi]ces ) p5etrat+ p[] ! d>k %ad[s1 less5+ 8! long1 d>k night10 driv+ 8! dusky %ades away40 ,s rapidly d ^! *anges occur t 9 f\r weeks our daylight increases "o h\r & sev5 m9utes1 or our l5g? ( days f t5 h\rs & n9e m9utes on ! #a/ to elev5 h\rs sixte5 m9utes on ! #bh?4 ,on ! #a/1 #af? & #bh? ! sun rises at #g3ji1 #f3eb & #f3cd a4 m41 & on ! same days sets at #e3ah1 #e3cf & #e3ej p4 m4 respectively4 ,,! ,,moon ,pres5ts u ) great regul>ity h] *anges3 ,la/ qu>t] on ! #f? at #e3bi p4 m42 new1 on ! #ad?1 at #i3ac p4 m42 fir/ qu>t]1 on ! #bb;d1 at #e3bc a4 m42 & full on ! #bh?1 at #aj3eb p4 m4 ,9 apogee 7f>!/ f e>?7 on ! #i?1 at #g3bd p4 m42 9 p]igee 7ne>e/ ! e>?7 on ! #be?1 at #f3bd p4 m4 ,lea/ elevation1 #aj?1 am\nt+ to #cj #i2 greate/ elevation1 #bd?1 equal to #ff #de4 ,,m]cury1 8,! fleet-foot$10 makes a direct motion ( #dc #ah #cg1 mov+ f ab\t ! middle ( ! con/ellation ,sagitt>ius & ?r\gh ,capricornus1 & is ! companion ( ,v5us ?r\gh\t ! mon? 7see 8,v5us074 ,rises on ! #a/ at #e3ee a4 m41 & sets at #c3ac p4 m42 on ! #af?1 rises at #f3ab a4 m41 sets at #c3ej p4 m42 on ! #bh?1 rises at #f3bb a4 m41 sets at #d3df p4 m4 ,on ! #aa?1 at #g3jj p4 m41 is #dd s\? ( ,v5us2 on ! #ab?1 at #d3jj a4 m41 f>!/ f ! sun2 on ! #ac?1 at #e3db a4 m41 #e #ef s\? ( ! moon4 ,,v5us ,& ,m]cury are bo? morn+ />s dur+ ! entire mon?1 & are s intimately connect$ z to af=d a f9e opportunity = mak+ ! acqua9tance ( ! latt]4 ,on ! #a/ ,v5us is ab\t "o & a half degrees ea/ & #a #ch nor? ( ,m]cury2 b z ,m]cury moves m rapidly ?an ,v5us1 he w ov]take & pass h] on ! ev5+ ( ! #aa? at a po9t #dd s\?2 on ! #bb;d1 he w cross h] orbit to ! nor?1 & at a di/ance ( #c ea/2 & on ! #bh? w be f\nd ne>ly #f ea/ & #ec nor? ( h]4 ,be=e ! #aa? ,m]cury w rise e>li] ?an ,v5us2 on ! #aa? !y w practically rise at ! same "t2 aft] ! #aa? ,m]cury w rise lat] ?an ,v5us4 ,on ! #a/ ,v5us rises at #f3jj a4 m42 on ! #af?1 at #f3je a4 m42 & on ! #bh?1 at #f3jc a4 m4 ,%e sets on ! correspond+ days at #c3ah1 #c3ea & #d3ai p4 m4 respectively4 ,h] motion is direct & am\nts to #ce #ed #aj2 on ! #ac?1 at #e3ah a m41 %e is #e #i s\? ( ! moon4 ,h] diamet] decreases f #aa4b on ! #a/ to #aj4f on ! #bh?4 ,,m>s ,w dur+ ?is mon? be bo? ev5+ & morn+ />1 *ang+ 8 relation on ! #aa?1 on :i* date he w be 9 conjunction ) ! sun1 & w n be visible to ! nak$ eye4 ,8 motion w am\nt to #ba #be #cb direct1 & 8 diamet] rema9 at #d4b4 ,on ! #ad?1 at #aj3dd p4 m41 he w be #d #cj s\? ( ! moon2 on ! #bh?1 at #b3jj p4 m41 9 p]ihelion1 or ne>e/ ! sun4 ,on ! #a/ he w rise at #g3bf a4 m4 & set at #e3bb p4 m42 on ! #af?1 rise at #f3eh a4 m41 set at #e3bd p4 m42 on ! #bh?1 rise at #f3ce a4 m41 set at #e3be p4 m4 ,,jupit] ,rises on ! #a/ at #f3dh p4 m41 & sets on ! #b;d at #h3jf a4 m42 rises on ! #ae? at #e3dh p4 m41 sets at #g3ab a4 m4 on ! #af?2 rises at #e3dg p4 m4 on ! #bh? & sets ! next day at #e3ag a4 m4 ,on ! #a/1 at #b3jg a4 m41 he is #d #i nor? ( ! moon2 on ! #ai?1 at #b3jj a4 m41 9 opposition to ! sun1 t is1 on ! opposite side ( ! sun f ! e>?2 on ! #bh?1 at #f3dc a4 m41 he is aga9 9 conjunction ) ! moon1 be+ #d #bg nor? ( our satellite4 ,dur+ ! mon? 8 diamet] increases two-t5?s ( a second1 & he has a retrograde motion ( #c #bd #h4 ,! /atem5t t ,jupit] retrogrades "s #c may puzzle "s ( our y\ng] read]s1 :o h d\btless be5 in/ruct$ 9 :at is a fact1 t n "o ( our planets has a retrograde motion2 b t all move f we/ to ea/ ab\t ! sun z a c5t]4 ,:at we mean by retrograde is really only app>5t retrograde2 & x 0 some?+ v puzzl+ to ! e>ly a/ronom]s1 p>ticul>ly to ^? :o ?\ght t ! e>? & n ! sun 0 ! c5t] ( our sy/em2 t ! sun & all ! heav5ly bodies revolv$ ea* day ab\t our e>?4 ,:5 x 0 discov]$ t ! e>? revolv$ ea* day on its axis1 & all ! planets revolv$ ab\t ! sun1 ! retrograde motions 7 comp>atively easy to und]/&4 ,let u see if we c obta9 a cle> idea ( ,jupit]'s actions = ?is mon?4 ,z we view him on ! night ( ! #a/ he appe>s ab\t five degrees ea/ & #a #b s\? ( ! bright /> ,regulus1 :i* c be se5 almo/ ! entire night z ! brighte/ ( ! six />s =m+ ! sickle 9 ! con/ellation ,leo4 ,not+ 8 position aga9 on ! night ( ! #bh?1 we f9d t he has mov$ we/w>d ab\t #c1 & is only ab\t #a ea/ & #ag nor? ( ,regulus2 ?us1 z we say1 hav+ retrograd$ ab\t #c4 ,to assi/ u 9 und]/&+ ?is1 let u take an orange to repres5t ! sun1 a gra9 7( mu/>d1 = example7 to repres5t ! e>?1 a pea to repres5t ,jupit]1 & a po9t ( "s k9d = ,regulus4 ,n[ place ^! objects on a /& 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 ,9 "o l9e1 at ! beg9n+1 ! orange2 two in*es di/ant1 ! gra92 eight in*es f>!r1 ! pea4 ,next draw a l9e ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! orange s z to make an angle ( five degrees ) ! l9e ?r\gh ! orange1 gra9 & pea1 & at z great a di/ance z conv5i5t1 /ick a p9 to repres5t ,regulus4 ,n[ move ! gra9 & pea 7! =m] ab\t two & "o-f\r? times z fa/ z ! latt]7 ab\t ! orange z a c5t]1 9 ! direction ( ! movem5t ( ! h&s ( ! clock 7t is1 f left to "r74 ,we c readily see t on acc\nt ( ! m rapid motion ( ! gra91 toge!r ) its be+ ne>] ! orange1 t ! pea w fall beh9d2 & if we sight along ! l9e ( ! gra9 & pea1 ! latt] w be se5 ne>] ! l9e jo9+ ! orange & ! p92 & %\ld we cont9ue ! mov+ ( ! gra9 & pea1 mak+ simil> obs]vations1 we %\ld f9d ! pea approa*+ ne>] & ne>]1 & p]haps ev5 pass+ ! l9e ?r\gh ! orange & p94 ,^! relative motions we c see w cont9ue until ! gra9 makes ne>ly "o-f\r? ( a circumf]5ce1 aft] :i* ! pea appe>s to make a movem5t 9 exactly ! opposite direction4 ,n[ ! =ego+ repres5ts tol]ably well ! relative positions & movem5ts = ?is mon? ( ! bodies nam$4 ,! e>?1 ,jupit] & ,regulus are on ! same side ( ! sun2 ! e>? ne>e/1 ,jupit] next 7ab\t five times z f> z ! e>?71 & ,regulus next 7at a di/ance ( say #bj1jjj1jjj1jjj1jjj miles71 & five degrees we/ ( ! l9e jo9+ ! e>? & ,jupit]4 7,^! bodies we "k move at ! av]age rate ( #ah4ch & #h4jf miles p] second respectively47 ,our /&po9t is ! e>?1 & z we move ea/w>dly s mu* m rapidly ?an ,jupit]1 we f9d him dropp+ back ea* day1 & app>5tly approa*+ ne>] to ,regulus1 till at ! end ( ! mon? we f9d him z be=e /at$1 only ab\t #a ea/ ( t />4 ,%\ld we wat* him ?r\gh ,m>* & ,april1 we %\ld f9d him retrograd+ dur+ ! =m] mon? & tw5ty-two days ( ! latt]1 on ! #bc;d ( ,april be+ #a we/ ( ,regulus2 & on ! same date1 z ! e>? w\ld be go+ directly away f him1 he w\ld appe> /ation>y2 & imm$iately aft]w>d w\ld seem to />t aga9 t[>d ! ea/4 ,jupit]1 z we "k1 is "o ( ! sup]ior planets1 & an explanation ( 8 retrograde motion expla9s t ( all ! o!rs ( 8 k9d4 ,a little +5uity1 putt+ ! e>? = ,jupit] & ,m]cury or ,v5us = ! e>?1 w %[ :at is meant by ! retrograde motion ( ! inf]ior planets4 ,,saturn ,rises at #ab3eh p4 m4 on ! #a/ & sets at #c3cd a4 m4 on ! #b;d2 rises at #aa3eh a4 m4 on ! #af? & sets at #b3ce a4 m4 on ! #ag?2 rises at #aa3ab a4 m4 on ! #bh? & sets at #a3dh a4 m4 on ,m>* #a/4 ,on ! #af?1 at #d3jj a4 m41 /ation>y2 on #bc;d1 at #c3ba a4 m41 #c #dd nor? ( ! moon4 ,diamet] dim9i%es "o second4 ,w be an ev5+ /> dur+ ! entire mon?1 & ?us af=d mo/ conv5i5t opportunities = obs]vations4 ,,uranus ,has a retrograde motion ( #di #ec2 diamet]1 #c4h4 ,on ! #c;d1 at #c3be a4 m41 is #a #g nor? ( ! moon2 on ! #ca/ ( ,janu>y x rises at #i3be p4 m4 & sets on ! #a/ at #i3bc a4 m42 on ! #ae?1 rises at #h3bd p4 m4 & sets on ! #af? at #h3bb a4 m42 rises on ! #bg? at #g3ce p4 m4 & sets on ! #bh? at #g3ce a4 m4 ,x is n[ a little s\? ( ! equator1 9 ! con/ellation ,virgo1 & w rema9 9 t con/ellation "s six ye>s4 ,,neptune ,is only m5tion$1 le/ ! omission ( 8 "n might be reg>d$ z a 8slight40 ,he is a sl[-go]1 &1 except t 8 pres5ce confirms a law1 we h>dly "k :at he 0 creat$ =4 ,h[ev]1 8 habits are q regul>2 & we note t he takes ! rle ( ev5+ />1 sett+ on ! #b;d at #a3bb a4 m42 on ! #ag?1 at #ab3bc a4 m41 & on ! #bh?1 at #aa3cg p4 m4 ,has a direct motion ( #ad #ce2 a diamet] ( #b4f2 & on ! #h?1 at #i3jj p4 m41 is #ij ea/ ( ! sun4 ,,new ,,orleans4 ,,by ,,george ,,alfr$ ,,t[ns5d4 ,new ,orleans is our mo/ pleas+ ,am]ican city to p]sons f a nor!rn climate4 ,florida pres5ts no place important en\gh to illu/rate a l>ge g5]al society4 ,texas has ris+ t[ns1 b ! ,anglo-,saxon dom9ation !re br+s !m m & m into resemblance to our own settl$ ,engli%1 or r1 ,briti% communities4 ,9 ,san ,francisco we are *>m$ n only ) a complete *ange ( foliage1 sc5]y1 & climate1 b ) unexpect$ v>ieties 9 ! population1 !re be+ a little t+e ( ! s\? ( ,europe z well z ( ,mexico & ( ! ,cele/ial ,k+dom 9 ! speculative yet placid elem5ts !re4 ,yet ,new ,orleans is n s h>d z ev5 ,san ,francisco4 ,x is a l& n m]ely ( fruit1 b ( ! sug>-cane4 ,x lies on t w>m gulf ^: f>!r %ores 7 m hi/orical ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago ?an n[4 ,z "t advances & we complete our own connections & g5]al developm5ts we see m & m t ! ,am]ican de/9y mu/ be s\?w>d4 ,canada1 :i* has _h a mu* long] hi/ory ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 pres5ts ev5 n[ b a ?9 rim ( settlem5t1 & h] entire population f ! banks ( ,newf\ndl& to ,vanc\v]'s ,isl& is n equal to t ( ! s+le /ate ( ,new ,york4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,mexico1 ?r\gh :i* ! ,am]icans h built co/ly railroad sy/ems pi]c+ to ! v capital city1 has a population c]ta9ly twice t ( ,canada1 & probably ?ree times ! numb]1 consid]+ ! ext5sion ( ,mexico t[>d ,c5tral ,am]ica4 ,am]ican diplomacy has little o!r gr\nd to cov] = ! ne> future1 ?an ! republics to ! s\? ( u4 ,! surfeit ( ent]prises & ( productions 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates compels u to consid] a "t :5 we mu/ n only f9d m>kets 9 ! ,spani% ,am]ican /ates1 b %all become1 if n pione]s1 z we once 71 c]ta9ly competitors 9 ! ,pacific ,ocean1 ( ! ,engli%1 ,g]mans1 & o!r mod]n nations4 ,we h op5$ a way to ! ,pacific by railroad1 b ! canal long contemplat$ across ,c5tral ,am]ica w op]ate m imp>tially t[>d %ipp]s1 w *eap5 ! movem5t ( goods1 & incl9e ! ,unit$ ,/ates rapidly t[>d an und]/&+ ( ! new peoples to our s\?we/1 9 me?ods no d\bt provid5tially design$4 ,new ,orleans has be5 s cle>ly und]/ood by our railroad magnates t !y h ha/5$1 almo/ )\t public assi/ance1 to connect h] n only ) great po9ts l ,hampton ,roads1 ,ri*mond1 ,c9c9nati & ,*icago1 b ! railroads are f9i%$ f ,san ,francisco to ,new ,orleans1 & ! only cont95tal railroad sy/em f ocean to ocean "u a s+le managem5t1 does n pass by ,*icago1 b by ,new ,orleans4 ,! ,am]icans orig9ally /imulat$ by ! gov]nm5tal cr$it to build f ! ,miss\ri ,riv] to ,san ,francisco1 h ^u _! own cr$it & e>n+s /ret*$ a railroad ?r\gh ,cali=nia ne>ly to ! gulf ( t "n1 & !n across ! des]ts & ,texas1 until ,new ,orleans is at ?is mom5t ! ,atlantic seaport ( ,cali=nia4 ,mr4 ,g\ld1 :o succe$$ ,colonel ,?omas ,a4 ,scott1 has /ret*$ ano!r railroad sy/em p>allel to ,mr4 ,hunt+ton's f ! des]t ?r\gh ,nor!rn ,texas & d[n ! ,r$ ,riv] to ,new ,orleans4 ,ne> ! close ( ! pa/ ye> ano!r important railroad 0 built f ,memphis directly to ,new ,orleans4 ,a little e>li] la/ ye> ! ,c9c9nati ,s\!rn ,railroad 0 ext5d$ directly to ,new ,orleans by ! great syndicate :i* _h leas$ x4 ,!re=e1 !re n[ run into ,new ,orleans f\r l9es ( rail ea/ ( ! ,mississippi ,riv]1 & two great l9es we/ ( ! ,mississippi4 ,contra/ ?is ) ! railroad facilities :i* exi/$ !re only f\rte5 ye>s ago4 ,at t "t ,new ,orleans _h only "o railroad to ! nor?1 & t _h c]ta9 connections1 & 0 "u no consolidat$ sway4 ,x 0 n ev5 connect$ ) its adjac5t city ( ,mobile by rail4 ,x _h no railroad facilities :atev] to rea* ,texas1 except a little piece ( road :i* ran to ! ,gulf ne> ! m\? ( ! ,at*afalaya1 & !re f\nd /eam%ips = ,galve/on4 ,:ile o!r cities 9 ! ,s\? h %[n a *e]ful en]gy to revive !mselves1 & :ile new cities h />t$ up at _m po9ts1 & h become respectable c5t]s ( trade1 ,new ,orleans has reta9$ all t imp]ial promise "u fre$om :i* %e _h 9 ! palmie/ days ( slav]y4 ,p]haps no city 9 ! ,s\?1 or 9 ! _w1 has s ?or\ghly *ang$ its ideas1 political & social1 9 spite ( %>p conte/s = p>ty supremacy !re4 ,! great exhibition ( ! pres5t ye> is ! be/ in/ance t ,new ,orleans means to lead ! indu/rial _s ( ! ,s\?1 & to become no long] ! great filibu/] 9 ! tropics1 b ! en]getic m]*ant & projector !re4 ,no lawless impulse guid$ ! erection ( ! great build+s :i* are n[ cr[d$ ) ! productions ( ,am]ica & ,mexico4 ,! attempt to let ! sug> int]e/s ( ,l\isiana & ,mississippi g 9 favor ( ! productions ( ,cuba & ! ,ea/ ,indies1 di/9ctly po9ts ! p at ! m\? ( ! ,mississippi to ! fact t _! alliance is probably to be ) ! ,nor!rn /ates1 n m]ely 9 politics1 b 9 comm]ce4 ,new ,orleans is n ! only ,fr5* city 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b x is ! only "o :i* pres]ves ! ,fr5* quality & language p]fectly1 & 9 t respect resembles ,montreal & ,quebec4 ,/4 ,l\is _h a ,fr5* & ,spani% basis1 b :5 t po/ became ,am]ican ! small ,lat9 elem5t 0 compell$1 9 self-def5se1 to adopt ! language & liv+ ( ! ,anglo-,saxons4 ,new ,orleans1 h[ev]1 _h a suffici5t />t :5 ! ,am]icans occupi$ x 9 #ahjc1 to gr[ relatively ) ! ,am]ican settl]s & consequ5tly two cities arose side by side1 :i* /ill pres]ve _! diff]5ces z mu* z if a qu>t] ( ,london & a qu>t] ( ,p>is _h be5 cut out & unit$4 ,besides1 !re 0 a l>ge rural & plant+ elem5t 9 ,l\isiana1 ( ! ,fr5* /ock1 :i* has assi/$ to keep up ! ,fr5* infusion1 & h5ce ! m>ket at ,new ,orleans is ! mo/ *>act]i/ic ?+ 9 ! city1 :]e ! habitants & ! huck/]s1 ! fi%]s f ! ,gulf1 & ! port]s & c>t]s1 c>ry u back to a sc5e ant]ior to ! ,france ( to-day1 or be=e republican ideas _h rea*$ ! f> ,fr5* colonies4 ,new ,orleans1 too1 con/antly receiv$ emigration f neighbor+ ,fr5* & ,spani% isl&s & coa/s z !y 7 affect$ by negro insurrections1 or by int]nal revolutions4 ,naturally ! flee+ plant]s f ,hayti & ! ,less] ,antilles made _! way to ! ne>e/ l>ge t[n1 & ! /eam %ipp+ ( ! ,gulf all conc5trates at ! two c5t]s ( ! ellipse1 ,new ,orleans & ,havana4 ,! ,mississippi ,riv]1 :i* is ! only riv] ( ! fir/ class on ! globe to pass ?r\gh a cultivat$ l& & an enlight5$ population1 suffici5tly m>ks ,new ,orleans z ! eye ( its de/9y adjac5t to its m\?4 ,!re are _m ,am]icans :o h nev] be5 to ,new ,orleans1 :o are unaw>e t x1 l ,new ,york1 has two di/9ct h>bors or outlets4 ,z ,new ,york has ,long ,isl& ,s\nd & ! ,bay ( ,new ,york1 "o op5+ a hundr$ miles to ! ea/ ( ! o!r1 s ,new ,orleans has a lake sy/em close by :i* gives h] int]nal communication f> to ! ea/1 or almo/ to ! bay ( ,mobile1 & saves h] two hundr$ miles ( r\nd-ab\t riv] navigation to rea* h] own coa/s4 ,x may be ?\ght t ,new ,orleans is too f> f ! m\? ( ! ,mississippi to comm& t ! comm]ce ( ! ,gulf %\ld come a hundr$ miles up t riv] = h] b5efit1 yet ,philadelphia & ,baltimore are q z f> f ! ocean1 & ^! cities h easily comm&$ a great int]ior trade ?r\gh ! communications !y possess$1 & f ! products !y _h to supply4 ,coal1 = example1 makes ! mo/ effective article ( ! comm]ce ( bo? ,baltimore & ,philadelphia1 & coal is m valuable 9 ! ,gulf because f>!r f ! m9es1 ?an x is on ! ne> ea/ coa/4 ,! coal furni%$ to ! %ipp+ at ,new ,orleans has desc5d$ ! entire l9e ( ! riv]1 yet by su* easy facilities t at ,new ,orleans x is probably ! *eape/ coal 9 ! _w = ! di/ance x has to come to get a m>ket4 ,great floats1 ( :i* doz5s are haul$ by a small tug or t[ boat1 g d[n ! ,ohio to its m\?1 & pass on to ,new ,orleans & are !re s easily dis*>g$ t ! lumb] 9 !m f9ds a m>ket ) ! coal4 ,besides1 ! railroad projectors1 )\t o!r inducem5t ?an _! own sagacity1 h concurr$ 9 runn+ all _! railroads to ,new ,orleans1 = ! c\ntry at ! m\? ( ! ,mississippi is nei!r s heal?y nor s /rategical = trade z ?is old t[n :i* 0 f\nd$ by ! ,fr5* "u ! direction ( _! gov]nm5t :5 !y pick$ sl[ly & c>efully ! sites ( future trade & milit>y empire4 ,^! same ,fr5* locat$ ,/4 ,l\is1 & x has n be5 f\nd advisable by any succe$+ g5]ation to try a bett] situation4 ,we may ask :e!r ,new ,orleans has z great an antiquity z our own ,engli% cities8 ,x is n z old z ,philadelphia by almo/ ?irty ye>s1 & is some:at y\ng] ?an ,*>le/on1 & is ab\t fifte5 ye>s old] ?an ,savannah4 ,( c\rse x does n comp>e 9 antiquity ) ! colonial cities ( ! nor!a/1 su* z ,new ,york1 ,albany1 ,bo/on1 ,montreal & ,quebec4 ,b x is ne>ly a c5tury old] ?an any ( our important ,anglo-,teuton cities ( ! ,we/4 ,x is m ?an half a c5tury old] ?an ,c9c9nati1 & we may almo/ call x a c5tury old] ?an ,*icago4 ,/4 ,l\is 0 its ,albany1 or up/ream neighbor1 & 0 "u ! same political dom9ation4 ,mobile 0 ! p>5t place ! ,fr5* e/abli%$ on ! ,gulf1 & ,gov]nor ,bi5ville made ,new ,orleans 8 capital z late z #agbc1 or ab\t n9e ye>s be=e ! bir? ( ,g5]al ,wa%+ton4 ,soon aft] ?is a levee 0 built 9 front ( ! new t[n1 & ! e>ly ,fr5* au?ors & noveli/s took pleasure 9 visit+ x1 & ev5 at t date !y call$ x 8! fam\s place40 ,z 9 ,quebec & ,montreal1 ! e>ly ,fr5* settlem5t 0 almo/ simultane\s ) ! br++ out ( monks & nuns1 & soon a ca!dral 0 conceiv$ & nunn]ies 7 built4 ,! ,fr5*1 h[ev]1 _h n ! vigor\s nature ( ! ,engli% 9 f\nd+ new places1 & aft] ne>ly half a c5tury ( occupation !re 7 h>dly ?ree ?\s& p]sons 9 x to transf] to ! ,spani% :o took possession ( ! place 9 ! mid/ ( a revolution1 & _h "s ( ! be/ ,fr5* citiz5s %ot 9 ord] to be a t]ror to :at ! ,spani% gov]nor1 ,o',reilly1 already suspect$ to exi/ 9 ,fr5* ,l\isiana1 ! _s ( indep5d5ce1 :i* ,spa9 want$ to extirpate 9 all h] colonies1 fe>+ t !y w\ld spe$ily rise to importance & ov]:elm ! p>5t p[]4 ,spa9 _h be5 dismemb]$ by a treaty e>ly 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 & 0 left ) enorm\s ,am]ican possessions1 & ) a v small ,spa9 to h&le !m4 ,! ,spani% cab9et !n conceiv$ ! policy ( prev5t+ ! gr[? ( ! colonies1 s z to keep !m d[n1 use !m m]ely = trade1 & n let t _s ( municipal indep5d5ce :i* makes great f]m5tations 9 /ates comm5ce any:]e4 ,"s ( ! ,spani% gov]nors1 h[ev]1 ord]$ public build+s to be con/ruct$1 & ! ,am]ican resid5ts at ,new ,orleans say t ! ,spani% sway ( ab\t =ty ye>s has left bett] monum5ts ?an ! ,fr5*4 ,a ,spani% infusion ( settl]s m>ks ! pres5t population1 & ! ,am]icans call all ! ,lat9 races1 no matt] :e!r !y come f ,france & h] isl&s1 or ,spa9 & h] coa/s1 by ! "n ( ,creoles4 ,a curi\s feature ( ,new ,orleans is ! exi/5ce ( consid]able elem5ts !re f /ates z =eign to ourselves z ,yucatan4 ,at ! close ( ! ,am]ican ,revolution !re 7 less ?an five ?\s& p]sons 9 ,new ,orleans4 ,dur+ t ,revolution a consid]able numb] ( respectable ,briti% settl]s :o want$ to avoid ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce1 settl$ 9 ,we/ ,florida & ab\t ,nat*ez1 & 9 o!r spots contigu\s to ,new ,orleans4 ,h5ce ! ,revolution 0 h>dly ov] be=e ! fir/ *apt] ( manife/ de/9y 0 direct$ f ,p5nsylvania1 ,ohio & ,k5tucky ^u ! op5+ ( ! ,mississippi ,riv]4 ,t physical a*ievem5t 0 s important to ! produc]s on ! ,ohio & ! ,t5nessee ,riv]s t s*emes ( e sort 7 tri$ to ha/5 ! op5+ ( comm]ce to ! ,gulf4 ,"o ,s5ator ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 expell$ f 8 place = an intrigue p>tak+ ( ! nature ( treason ) ! ,briti% :o /ill back$ up ! ,spani% on ! ,gulf2 & a ,vice ,presid5t 0 actually pursu$ ne>ly to ! ,gulf & br\ght back & tri$ = treason at ,ri*mond4 ,h[ long ! ,unit$ ,/ates might h _h to wait ! sl[ c\rse ( diplomacy or ! r\gh *ance ( w> to get ,new ,orleans1 is unc]ta91 b ,napoleon1 :o _h acquir$ ,l\isiana by 8 ma/]y ov] ,spa91 believ+ t he c\ld n hold x aga9/ ! ,engli% fleets1 made ha/e to sell x to ! ,am]icans = a sum ( money & old comm]cial claims4 ,eighty-two ye>s ago1 or ab\t ! r\nd$ lifetime ( an old man1 ! ,am]icans occupi$ ,new ,orleans1 & mu* ( ! city burnt up ! ye> our =efa!rs 7 vot+ = ! fir/ ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,a ,fr5* newspap] _h be5 issu$ 9 ,new ,orleans sev]al ye>s be=e ! ,am]ican possession4 ,!re 7 p]haps eight ?\s& p]sons 9 ! city :5 x 0 transf]r$ to u4 ,twelve ye>s aft] ! transf]1 ! ,am]icans "u ,g5]al ,jackson _h to give battle to hold ! city1 :i* ! ,engli% attack$ ) ! be/ troops !y _h us$ 9 ,spa9 aga9/ ,napoleon :o _h already fall54 ,napoleon 0 contemplat+ 8 la/ endeavor to a/oni% ! _w at ,wat]loo1 :5 ! ,engli% & ,am]icans1 unconsci\s t a treaty ( peace _h be5 made betwe5 !mselves1 f\ght ! battle ( ,new ,orleans1 :i* result$ 9 m disa/] to ! ,briti% arms ?an any battle on l& dur+ our second conflict = indep5d5ce4 ,9 ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral /& ! monum5ts & /atues ( ,pack5ham & ,gibbs :o lo/ _! lives 9 ! m>%es ar\nd ,new ,orleans4 ,9 #ahfb1 ,f>ragut ) 8 fleet took ,new ,orleans4 ,8 victory drove an ent]+ w$ge into ! he>t ( ! ,conf$]acy & gave to ! navy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates a pre/ige :i* x _h nev] enjoy$ & :i* 9 its pres5t enfeebl$ /ate x is rapidly los+4 ,new ,orleans 0 ! weal?ie/ & mo/ popul\s city ( ! ,conf$]acy2 x 0 f\r times l>g] ?an ei!r ,*>le/on or ,ri*mond1 & be=e ! w> _h ! l>ge/ export trade ( any city 9 ! _w4 ,comm&+ mid-cont95tal navigation & be+ ! key to ! ,gulf1 its milit>y value 0 equal to its comm]cial importance4 ,! plan = ! capture ( ,new ,orleans by ! navy1 & ! r$uction ( ! =ts :i* gu>d$ ! approa* to x f ! s\?1 orig9at$ 9 ! ,navy ,dep>tm5t 9 ! fall ( #ahfa4 ,! cr$it = propos+ ?is plan has be5 claim$ by m p]sons ?an "o1 & x is likely t x 0 conceiv$ & develop$ f sugge/ions & h9ts receiv$ f a v>iety ( s\rces4 ,x 0 det]m9$ t a naval exp$ition %\ld be s5t aga9/ ,new ,orleans4 ,! plan f\nd little favor ) army (fic]s1 b ! ,presid5t became int]e/$ 9 x & ,secret>y ,welles set ab\t c>ry+ x into effect4 ,! att5tion ( milit>y m5 0 conc5trat$ on a propos$ comb9ation ( ! =ces ( ! army & ! navy = ! capture ( ,new ,orleans1 9 an exp$ition :i* 0 to desc5d to ! city f ! upp] wat]s ( ! ,mississippi ,riv]4 ,?is s*eme seem$ m attractive1 & ! idea ( tak+ ,new ,orleans by means ( a fleet advanc+ f ! ,gulf _h nev] be5 ent]ta9$ 9 milit>y circles4 ,:5 ,/anton became ,secret>y ( ,w> & 0 told ( ! propos$ naval exp$ition1 he 0 a/oni%$ at ! orig9ality & audacity ( ! idea & exclaim$3 8,an attack ^u ,new ,orleans by ! navy6 ,i nev] he>d ( x6 ,x is ! be/ news y c\ld give me40 ,secret>y ,/anton ent]$ cordially into ! _s ( ! project & increas$ ! numb] ( ! troops :i* ,g5]al ,mc,clelland _h promis$1 f t5 ?\s& to eighte5 ?\s&4 ,%ortly aft] ?is1 ,g5]al ,b4 ,f4 ,butl] 0 made acqua9t$ ) ! purpose ( ,secret>y ,welles & he 0 giv5 ! comm& ( ! milit>y =ce :i* 0 to hold ,new ,orleans aft] ! fleet _h tak5 x4 ,!re is no evid5ce t ,g5]al ,butl] sugge/$ any ( ! important plans or details = ! exp$ition or t he _h any def9ite plans conc]n+ x4 ,congress _h ord]$ ! blockade ( #c1ejj miles ( coa/ l9e4 ,!re 7 sc>cely %ips en\gh to ma9ta9 x1 & ! vessels = ! ,new ,orleans exp$ition _h to be built or procur$ f o!r s\rces4 ,aft] ! ,secret>y ( ! ,navy _h decid$ to s5d a fleet aga9/ ,new ,orleans & _h giv5 ord]s = ! con/ruction ( x1 ! mo/ s]i\s "q :i* pres5t$ itself 0 ! selection ( a comm&]4 ,all ( ! naval (fic]s ( high rank 7 sugge/$ & consid]$4 ,x 0 to be ! mo/ p[]ful & spl5did fleet ev] ga!r$ "u ! />s & /ripes1 & ! ,dep>tm5t mov$ cauti\sly 9 ! matt] ( *oos+ a lead] = x4 ,f9ally ! "n ( ,david ,glasg[ ,f>ragut 0 propos$4 ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,navy rememb]$ t ye>s be=e 9 ! w> ) ,mexico1 ,f>ragut _h (f]$ a d>+ plan = ! capture ( ! /rong =t ( ,san ,juan de ,ulloa1 at ,v]a ,cruz4 ,he propos$ t ! =t be 8bo>d$0 by atta*+ long ladd]s to ! ma/s ( ! attack+ %ips1 :i* %\ld !n be t[$ up to ! walls ( ! =t4 ,secret>y ,welles 0 impress$ at ! "t ) ! boldness & da% ( ! s*eme1 & ?\gh he _h n se5 ,f>ragut s9ce t day1 & really knew v little ( him1 yet aft] "s consultation he decid$ to (f] him ! comm& ( ! fleet4 ,f>ragut1 :o _h nev] _h a squadron1 gladly accept$ ! honor & ! responsibility4 ,he _h be5 tra9$ by a life ( /udy & active s]vice = "s great em]g5cy l ?is1 :i* came late 9 life1 9 8 sixty-second ye>1 b he 0 prep>$ = x & he knew x4 ,f>ragut adopt$ ! plans :i* _h be5 consid]$ by ! ,navy ,dep>tm5t & made !m 8 own4 ,he grasp$ ! "w be=e him ) a degree ( e>ne/ness & en?usiasm unusual 9 m5 ( 8 age4 ,secret>y ,welles says ( him at t "t3 8,9 e p>ticul> he came up to all t 0 expect$ or requir$ ( him4 ,he det]m9$ to pass ! =ts & re/ore ,new ,orleans4 ,he might n come back1 he said1 b ! city w\ld be ours40 ,aft] 8 arrival at ,%ip ,isl& on ! #be? ( ,m>*1 #ahfb1 ,f>ragut wrote3 8,i h n[ atta9$ :at ,i h be5 look+ = all my life--a flag--& hav+ atta9$ x1 all t is necess>y to complete ! sc5e is a victory4 ,if ,i die 9 ! attempt x w only be :at e (fic] has to expect4 ,he :o dies 9 do+ 8 duty to 8 c\ntry & at peace ) 8 ,god1 has play$ out ! drama ( life to ! be/ advantage40 ,"h 0 a g5u9e pi\s h]o ( ! old s*ool1 det]m9$ to d or to die4 ,8 task 0 a h]culean "o4 ,new ,orleans 0 def5d$ by two =ts erect$ at ! l[e/ favorable po9t = ! location ( milit>y works1 above ! ,gulf4 ,=t ,/4 ,philip occupi$ ! left bank ( ! riv]1 & a %ort di/ance bel[ x on ! "r bank /ood ,=t ,jackson4 ,^! =ts m\nt$ 9 all "o hundr$ & fifte5 guns4 ,a =t on ! site ( ,jackson 9 #ahae held ! ,briti% fleet 9 *eck = n9e days4 ,! rebel =ts 7 g>rison$ by #a1ejj m5 comm&$ by ,g5]al ,j4 ,k4 ,duncan4 ,a %ort di/ance above ! =ts lay fifte5 rebel vessels4 ,?is fleet includ$ ! iron ram 8,manassas0 & a great float+ batt]y clad ) railroad iron4 ,bel[ ! =ts a heavy *a9 support$ by ! hulks ( eight disma/$ %ips ob/ruct$ ! riv]4 ,f>ragut 0 to break ?r\gh ! *a91 fight 8 way by ! =ts1 de/roy or capture ! rebel fleet & !n /eam up to ,new ,orleans & place t city "u 8 guns4 ,! attack 0 comm5c$ by ! mort> fleet4 ,= six days ! mort>s p\r$ a ceaseless fire ( %ells into ! =t4 ,! %ells 7 fly+ ?r\gh ! air at all times2 ne>ly six ?\s& 7 ?r[n1 b ! =ts 7 damag$ v little & ! ,conf$]ate loss 0 only f\rte5 kill$ & ?irty-n9e w\nd$4 ,x 0 det]m9$ to pass ! =ts on ,april #bd?4 ,at sunset on ! #bc;d !re 7 indications ( ! approa*+ conflict on e %ip 9 ,f>ragut's fleet4 ,! attack 0 to be made "u cov] ( d>kness4 ,at elev5 o'clock t night an (fic] signal$ t an op5+ :i* _h be5 made 9 ! *a9 0 /ill cle>4 ,five m9utes be=e two o'clock 9 ! morn+ two r$ lights 7 display$ f ! peak ( ! flag %ip4 ,x 0 ! signal to /eam up ! riv]4 ,9 ab\t "o h\r ! fleet ( sev5te5 vessels1 9 ?ree divisions1 0 mov+4 ,! moon 0 ris+1 b its light 0 lo/ 9 ! fi]ce flames f bonfires & fire rafts4 ,bo? =ts op5$ fire ^u ! fir/ %ip z %e pass$ ?r\gh ! r[ ( hulks4 ,five m9utes lat] ! little 8,cayuga0 0 p\r+ grape & cani/] into ,=t ,/4 ,philip1 & 9 t5 m9utes m %e _h pass$ f ! range ( its guns & 0 9 ! arms ( ! rebel fleet4 ,x 0 a lively mom5t = ! brave little boat4 ,elev5 rebel gunboats tri$ to demoli% h] at once4 ,%e c\ld n g =w>d1 %e w\ld n g backw>d4 ,!re 0 no?+ to d b to close ) ! enemy4 ,%e drove an 8elev5 in*0 %ot ?r\gh "o ( h] antagoni/s & x ran agr\nd & burn$ up4 ,ano!r "o 0 crippl$ by a well direct$ %ot1 & ! 8,cayuga0 0 ab\t to grapple ) ! ?ird :5 two %ips ( ! ,union fleet came to h] aid1 ! 8,oneida0 & ! 8,v>una40 ,! =m] ran into "o ( ! rebel %ips & almo/ cut h] 9 twa94 ,! 8,v>una0 0 ramm$ by ! 8,manassas0 & ano!r %ip & w5t to ! bottom 9 fifte5 m9utes4 ,:ile %e 0 go+ d[n %e fir$ into "o ( h] adv]s>ies & s damag$ h] t %e _h to surr5d] to ! 8,oneida10 & %e s5t a %ell into ano!r rebel gunboat :i* explod$ its boil]4 ,all ! "t ! rema9+ vessels ( ! fir/ division 7 /eam+ by ! =ts1 p\r+ trem5d\s volleys into !m & receiv+ trem5d\s dis*>ges 9 return4 ,f>ragut's flag %ip1 ! 8,h>t=d10 l$ ! second division ( ! fleet4 ,%e 0 a noble vessel1 spl5didly equipp$2 %e /eam$ into ! fight & 0 foll[$ by ! long l9e ( %ips 9 ! second & ?ird divisions4 ,by ?is h\r day 0 dawn+1 b heavy cl\ds ( smoke hung ov] ! riv] & no light f ! ea/ rea*$ ! battl+ %ips4 ,! cannonad+ :i* all along _h be5 t]rific 0 n[ gr[+ sublime4 ,?ree hundr$ heavily %ott$ guns 7 fla%+ & ro>+ ov] ! d>k wat]4 ,! ,union %ips advanc$ to ! fray l ! fam\s 8,light ,brigade10 ) cannon to ! "r ( !m1 to ! left ( !m & be=e !m4 ,probably x 0 ! mo/ picturesque naval battle 9 ! _w's hi/ory4 ,?irty-f\r arm$ vessels & two great =ts 7 /ruggl+ 9 ! e>ly morn+4 ,! sun seem$ to /& /ill 9 ! heav5s4 ,! light ( ! guns 0 bright] ?an ! orb ( day1 & ,f>ragut's gunn]s _h to aim at ! cannon fla%es f ! rebel =ts4 ,! =ts !mselves 7 n visible4 ,! vessels ( ! enemy 7 n visible4 ,our %ips 7 /rik+ great bl[s 9 ! d>k & !y always /ruck ) deadly effect4 ,f po9ts above ! rebels pu%$ great fire b>ges load$ ) blaz+ pit* & cotton into ! /ream4 ,^! rafts came float+ d[n & :5 !y did n ignite our %ips !y illum9at$ !m = ! ,conf$]ate m>ksm54 ,a flam+ fire raft 0 hurl$ aga9/ ! 8,h>t=d0 & flames ran f ! wat]'s edge to ! ma/ top4 ,! well tra9$ crew ext+ui%$ ! fire & )9 five m9utes ! 8,h>t=d0 de/roy$ a rebel /eam] fill$ ) bo>d+ p>ties4 ,! 8,brooklyn10 ano!r ,union %ip1 enc\nt]$ a fire raft & = a "t lay helpless be=e ! m]ciless guns ( ,=t ,jackson4 ,dis5tangl+ h]self1 %e /eam$ up to ! =t & p\r$ su* )]+ broadsides into x t its guns 7 sil5c$ = a "t1 & ! gunn]s 7 se5 by ! %ip's crew z !y pe]$ ?r\gh ! cannon-light$ por?oles1 to be flee+ f _! guns4 ,at ?is "t ! vessels :i* _h pass$ ! =ts 7 do+ good "w1 & ! /ream 0 fill$ ) wreck$ & burn+ ,conf$]ate gunboats4 ,fire rafts & wrecks came drift+ d[n side by side1 & frequ5tly "o ( ! latt] w\ld explode ) a l\d report4 ,! l[1 curv$ iron rams glid$ ab\t l gigantic s]p5ts ( ! sea4 ,bo>d+ p>ties 7 ov]runn+ "s vessels & be+ repuls$ f o!rs4 ,x 0 an awful1 dazzl+ & furi\sly %ift+ panorama4 ,! la/ %ip to pass ! =ts on t memorable morn+ 0 ! 8,p5ola40 ,9 ! light ( a blaz+ raft %e receiv$ ! dis*>ge ( ! =ty guns ( ,/4 ,philip1 & pass$ on to jo9 ! victori\s fleet above4 8,& ?us10 says ,f>ragut's son1 80 accompli%$ a feat 9 naval w>f>e :i* _h no prec$5t1 & :i* is /ill )\t a p>allel except ! "o furni%$ by ,f>ragut himself two ye>s lat] at ,mobile40 ,on ! morn+ ( ! next day ! fleet mov$ up to ,new ,orleans4 ,at noon ,capta9 ,bailey 0 s5t to dem& ( ! mayor ( ! city its unconditional surr5d]1 & t ! flag ( ,l\isiana be remov$ f ! ,city ,hall4 ,! mayor refus$ to haul d[n ! flag or to make a =mal surr5d] ( ! city4 ,:ile ! (fic]s & m5 ( ! fleet 7 att5d+ div9e s]vice ! next day1 !y 7 />tl$ by ! dis*>ge ( a h[itz] f ! ma9 ma/ ( ! 8,p5sacola40 ,! wat*man 9 ! rigg+ _h se5 f\r m5 te> d[n ! flag ( ! ,union f ! ro( ( ! m9t1 & _h at once fir$ ! gun :i* 0 tra9$ on ! flag /aff4 ,on ! #bh? ! =ts surr5d]$ to ,comm&] ,port]1 :o _h be5 p\nd+ away at !m ) 8 mort>s4 ,may #a/1 ,g5]al ,butl] & 8 troops ent]$ ,new ,orleans1 & ,f>ragut turn$ ! city ov] to him4 ,8 adm9i/ration 0 vigor\s1 b 0 hateful to ! citiz5s4 ,he hang$ ,mum=d1 ! lead] ( ! mob :i* tore ! ,union flag f ! m9t2 he issu$ 8 celebrat$ woman ord] :i* plac$ e female :o insult$ a ,union soldi] on ! level ( ! /reet walk]2 he treat$ ) sev]ity a ,mrs4 ,phillips1 :o je]$ at ! rema9s ( a ,union soldi]4 ,he is condemn$ = all ( ^! ?+s by v _m p4 ,_m di%one/ ?+s 7 done dur+ 8 adm9i/ration1 b repose1 vigor & security 7 ! *>act]i/ics ( x4 ,g5]al ,butl] 0 a j1 effici5t1 /raight=w>d tyrant1 n cruel1 b possess$ ( an inflexible det]m9ation to make 8 w ! law & to make 8 cause succe$4 ,aft] ,g5]al ,butl] came ,g5]al ,banks4 ,he endeavor$ to re/ore loyalty to ! /ate by good treatm5t1 b fell into ! error ( repos+ tru/ 9 a type ( m5 :o c\ld n und]/& fre$om nor adopt ev5 a bus9ess patriotism = ! sake ( _! own prosp]ity4 ,by ! c5sus ( #ahhj ,new ,orleans %[$ = ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury ( ,am]ican rule a population ( #baf1jjj p1 ( :om #age1jjj are natives ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & only #eh1jjj are color$ p4 ,new ,orleans /ood ! t5? ( ,am]ican cities1 ) m ?an #cf1jjj h\ses1 & m ?an #de1jjj families4 ,al?\gh ! manufactures ( ,new ,orleans 7 9 _! infancy !y _h an annual product ( n9ete5 million doll>s1 & paid ne>ly f\r million doll>s a ye> wages4 ,look+ ov] ! li/ ( /ates to discov] ! orig9 ( ! p ( ,new ,orleans1 ! rem>kable fact appe>s t ( h] #baf1jjj p m !n #aea1jjj are natives ( ,l\isiana4 ,! neighbor+ /ate ( ,mississippi has n put ?irty-eight hundr$ s\ls into ,new ,orleans4 ,alabama1 :i* is )9 two or ?ree h\rs' ride by c>s1 has n two ?\s& native *ildr5 9 ,new ,orleans1 b ,new ,york has ov] two ?\s& ( h] prog5y settl$ 9 ,new ,orleans1 & ,virg9ia has #d1cjj4 ,( ! #da1jjj =eign population1 ne>ly #g1jjj are natives ( ,france1 %[+ t !re is a con/ant immigration1 z 9 ! days ( ,bi5ville1 f old ,france to new ,france4 ,g]many has contribut$ to ,new ,orleans #ad1jjj emigrants4 ,ab\t ! same numb] h come to ,new ,orleans f ,great ,brita9 & ,irel&4 ,spa9 has contribut$ ab\t #hjj ( h] natives1 ,italy ab\t #b1jjj1 ,switz]l& ne>ly #ejj1 ,mexico only #cjj1 & ! ,we/ ,indies sc>cely #djj4 ,^! are sugge/ive figures1 & %[ t s9ce ! great rebellion ^? elem5ts g to ! f> ,s\? :i* h ! mo/ orig9al emigrat+ _s & ! great] v>iety ( self-su/a9+ trades & pursuits4 ,a man :o c d no?+1 make no?+1 improve no?+1 has ! lea/ ( all motives to emigrate4 ,! debt ( ,new ,orleans 0 ab\t sev5te5 million doll>s at ! la/ advices1 consid]ably less ?an ! debts ( ,baltimore & ,wa%+ton1 b "s f\r millions m ?an ! debt ( ,*icago4 ,railroads & o!r municipal improvem5ts 7 responsible = a good deal ( ?is debt4 ,s9ce ! w> ,new ,orleans has be5 trans=m$ f ! lik5ess ( a quiet old ,fr5* city l ,orleans :i* gave x "n1 to ! appe>ance ( a new ,fr5* city ) pretty relics "h & !re1 & /rong cosmopolitan atta*m5ts4 ,! great riv] :i* sweeps 9 spl5did curves pa/ ?is city has compell$ ! /reets to con=m to "s ext5t to its %ores1 b ! consequ5ce is a *>m+ disposition ( /reets to bo? ^? :o hate crook$ /reets1 & ^? :o hate /raight ones4 ,! t[n may be lik5$ to ! spokes ( a :eel ) /reets laid out betwe5 ! spokes 9 bo? directions1 & con=m+ to !m to "s ext5t4 ,9 front ( ! city /ret*es ! great bank call$ ! levee1 at ! foot ( :i* ride ! maje/ic /eam]s :i* come f all portions ( ! ,mississippi valley & are (t5 l palaces 9 c>dbo>d1 & s9ce ! jetties h be5 made a success by ,capta9 ,eads & ! ,unit$ ,/ates eng9e]s1 y also see at ,new ,orleans1 rid+ cosily1 ! huge /eam%ips f ,new ,york1 ,liv]pool & ,cuba4 ,! *ief m>itime l9es f ,new ,york to ,texas n[ /op at ,new ,orleans & ! j\rney is cont9u$ by rail4 ,?is great levee1 :i* is an artificial hill ?r[n up to keep ! riv] back1 is l9$ ) ! sug> hog%eads & cotton bales ( ! ,s\?1 ) coal & iron1 pl[s & /oves1 kegs ( nails1 m]*&ise assembl$ f all p>ts ( ! globe1 & massive presses driv5 by /eam to fur!r compress ! bales ( cotton & r$uce !m 9 bulk = %ipm5t4 ,a canal runs ?r\gh ! city1 & its o!r t]m9ation is on ,lake ,pont*>tra94 ,at ! lake is a beautiful new resort built 9 rec5t ye>s1 ne>ly z agreeable z ,*autauqua ,lake1 & ! peculi> ,creole & negro cook+ ( ,new ,orleans is to be f\nd 9 p]fection !re1 z well z at ! ,spani% =t1 9 ! environs ( ! city4 ,! %ops ( ,new ,orleans are op5 to ! air all w9t] long1 & art ( a local nature is tak+ root !re4 ,:atev] ! ,gulf produces is to be se5 at ! ,creole capital1 & a visit to x = ev5 a few days is ! next ?+ to a trip to ,europe4 ,,! ,,upp] ,,*autauqua4 ,,by ,,*ancellor ,j4 ,h4 ,,v9c5t1 ,d4,d4 ,!re is a ,*autauqua fur!r on4 ,fir/1 !re is a lake level1 & j above x is ! level ( ! 8,po9t10 ) its pleasant grass1 its w9d+ walks1 its old ,auditorium1 %ad$ & hall[$ ) memories t h gr[n ?r\gh multiply+ ye>s4 ,! old cottages1 & _m ( ! old cottag]s rema9 ab\t ?is ,auditorium--rem9d]s ( ! old times1 & ! olde/ times1 ( ,*autauqua1 :5 ! fir/ vesp] s]vice ann\nc$ t 8,! ,day ,goe? ,away10 & ! 8,ne>] ,my ,god to ,!e10 rang out "u ^! =e/ ar*es4 ,:o t 0 !re c ev] =get t h\r8 ,! alt>s 7 agl[ t night1 & he>ts on fire4 ,x 0 an exp]im5t1 b f ! fir/ x 0 an assur$ success4 ,! "t w come :5 ! rema9+ %>]s 9 t fir/ fea/ 9 ! ev5+ light w be v few1 & ! la/ ( !m w receive honor1 & ! *ildr5 ( ,*autauqua w li/5 to _! /ory z ) quiv]+ lips & k9dl+ eye !y speak ab\t t fir/ ev5+ "u ! trees1 ! words t broke ! sacr$ sil5ce1 ! songs t bore praise & wond] & joy to ! heav5s1 & ! fri5d%ips t 7 =m$ !re nev] to be brok54 ,h[ _m :o jo9$ 9 ! fir/ ,*autauqua s]vice h already 8fall5 on sleep0 & gone out into a _w sleepless & )\t nightfall1 :]e1 = vesp] *ant are sub/itut$ ! hallelujahs ( an et]nal morn+4 ,b let u g up high]4 ,beyond ! ,po9t & ,auditorium level are ! t]races t run along ! hillside1 "o above ano!r1 g>d5s & cottages1 ) pa?ways & w9d+ roads1 lead+ up "u welcome %ad[s to a high] ,*autauqua--a long /ret* ( table-l& cr[n$ n[ ) ,temple & ,*apel1 ,pyramid1 ,museum & ,hall ( ,philosophy1 :ile beyond1 9 ! op5 fields t[>d ! nor? we rea* ! highe/ po9t ( our ,assembly gr\nds1 "o ( ! highe/ on ! lake4 ,?us f ! l&+ & ! beg9n+ ( our j\rney we asc5d f ! l[e/ to ! highe/1 & f9d beauty1 delight1 pleasant welcomes & rew>ds all ! way4 ,?is /udy 9 ! lay ( ! l& :i* makes ! physical ,*autauqua is an allegory4 ,!re is an upp] ,*autauqua4 ,& n all :o visit ! place see x1 & n all :o become ,*autauquans rea* x4 ,! ,*autauqua movem5t is progressive1 & its fri5ds & /ud5ts are expect$ to make advancem5t 9 ! l9e ( its conceptions & provisions4 ,x has c\rt beyond c\rt 9 :i* x unfolds its progressive aims & introduces its disciples to ! high] privileges ( culture :i* x provides4 ,no f5ces or l9es m>k ^! successive /ages4 ,!y d n correspond ) ! topographical elevations1 al?\gh we h f\nd 9 ! "o a figure or symbol ( ! o!r4 ,b su* gradation exi/s1 & ,i %all po9t x out4 ,i4 ,,! ,,assembly--,is ! fir/ po9t ( approa* to ! true ,*autauqua4 ,x is ! out] c\rt op5 to ! :ole _w4 ,x has no re/ra9ts ^u ^? :o come1 save ^? :i* are necess>y to gu>antee a f9ancial support to ! in/itution1 & ^? rules ( ord9>y decorum :i* are ess5tial to ! quiet enjoym5t & pr(it ( ^? :o pay _! tribute & wait = ! promis$ comp5sation4 ,& ?is comp5sation comes 9 lectures on ! wide/ range ( topics1 f ! 8,philosophy ( ,locke & ,b]keley0 to ! light & *e]y discussions ab\t 8,fools & _! ,folly40 ,conc]ts by gift$ arti/s1 *>act]izations by r>e imp]sonators1 illu/rations ( life & mann]s 9 remote regions1 by ! aid ( co/um] & tableaux vivants1 /ories ( travel1 ) photographic accompanim5ts color$1 magnifi$1 & illum9at$2 s]mons by able m9i/]s1 lessons by compet5t tea*]s1 attractions = ligh!>t$ y\? & we>i$ b rational age1 9 bonfires1 processions1 fireworks1 illum9at$ fleets--^! are ! features ( ! out] c\rt ( ,*autauqua = ! ent]ta9m5t1 awak5+1 & broad5+ ( p :o come ) no f>-rea*+ or s]i\s purpose1 b :o come to 8he>0 & 8see0 & h 8a good "t40 ,!y are simply recipi5ts4 ,! w-p[] lies dormant1 save z "s /irr+ /atem5t ( lecture or s]mon1 or "s unsyllabl$ passage 9 music op5s ! s\l to ! worlds all ab\t x replete ) m>vel1 beauty & p[]4 ,s mu* = ! out] ,*autauqua4 ,!re are ^? :o see ?is--only ?is & no?+ m4 ,!y come & g4 ,!y wond] :y !y & o!rs come1 & yet !y ?9k !y may come aga9--b are n sure4 ,!y d n =get ,*autauqua1 & !y d n 8g wild0 ov] x4 ,!y smile at o!r p1 :om !y call 8fanatics10 because !y are full ( x1 & 8b\nd to come aga910 & to 8come e ye>10 & always1 & 8w\ld be will+ to live !re40 ,^! h se5 ! ,upp] ,*autauqua--= beyond ! 8,assembly0 is ,,ii4 ,,! ,,circle4--,x is ano!r c\rt--fur!r 91 & a little high] up--) a :ite-pill>$ hall among ! trees--8,! ,hall 9 ! ,grove10 ab\t :i* a book has be5 writt51 & 9 :i* songs are sung & weird s]vices held1 & :]e /range inspirations fall on p4 ,= ^? :o belong to ! ,circle--! 8,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c40 z ev]ybody calls x--are advanc$ ,*autauquans4 ,!y "k :y !y come to ! place4 ,& !y "k :5 to come4 ,!y keep a cal5d>1 & !y m>k ! fea/s1 & !y "k :at to d :5 !y are !re4 ,!y seem at home4 ,!re are ho/s ( !m--all kn[+ ea* o!r1 & app>5tly b\nd toge!r by "s secret association :i* has a my/ic p[]4 ,!y we> badges on c]ta9 days1 badges ( diff]5t /yles & colors & leg5ds4 ,9 all ?is !re is some?+ s+ul> & beautiful4 ,?is 8,circle0 is a company ( pl$g$ read]s 9 wide ranges ( lit]ature4 ,! 8,assembly0 conta9s p :o li/54 ,! 8,circle0 is made up ( p :o read4 ,! 8,assembly0 cov]s a few weeks4 ,! 8,circle0 ca/s its canopy ov] ! ye> & ! ye>s4 ,! 8,assembly0 is at ,*autauqua4 ,! 8,circle0 c>ries ,*autauqua to ! _w's end--to ! ea/ & to ! we/1 to ,canada1 to ,florida1 to ,scotl&1 to ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s1 to ,india1 & ,japan1 to ,cape ,colony--ev]y:]e4 ,! memb]s ( ! 8,circle0 /& on a high] plane ?an ! ,assembly1 because !y put w into ! "w4 ,!y read :at !y ought1 = mon?s & ye>s1 ev]y:]e1 gett+ l>g] views ( ! _w1 & wor?i] views ( life1 & nobl] views ( ! race1 & ( ,god ! ,fa!r ( all4 ,! 8,circle0 takes a wide sweep 9 ! _w ( lett]s4 ,its !mes are ^? ( ! college _w4 ,x puts ! prep>atory & college curriculums into good1 readable ,engli%1 & helps p out ( college to "k :at is go+ on !re2 :at ! "y p /udy 9 hi/ory1 language1 & lit]ature2 :at au?ors !y read1 & :at e/imate is to be plac$ on !m & _! "w4 ,x gives glimpses ( sci5ce1 physical & metaphysical--po9t+ d[n to ! rocks & up to ! />s1 & ab\t to ! fields & seas & ! =ms ( life 9 plant & animal4 ,:atev] college boys /udy1 ! 8,circle0 provides 9 "s =m & degree = p>5ts to read1 t home & college may be "o 9 outlook & sympa?y1 9 aim & delight4 ,b !re is some?+ beyond4 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,inn] ,,circle4--,beyond ! read]s are ! /ud5ts--^? :o h complet$ ! f\r ye>s' read+ 9 ! 8,circle10 & ! memb]s ( ! 8,society ( ! ,hall 9 ! ,grove20 h fill$ out ! v>i\s memor&a2 h c]ta9 seals on _! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 diplomas1 te/ify+ to ?is fact1 & to ! read+ ( ! additional books4 ,^! walk on ! high] levels4 ,_! names are enroll$ 9 ! 8,ord] ( ! ,:ite ,seal40 ,_! faces are turn$ t[>d ! ,upp] ,*autauqua4 ,x is possible t ! memb]s ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 :o walk 9 ! inn] circle may meet ^? :o rank ) !m1 al?\gh !y h come hi!r by o!r r\tes--?r\gh ! 8,*autauqua ,tea*]s' ,retreat10 ! 8,*autauqua ,sp>e ,m9ute ,c\rses10 & ! 8,*autauqua ,assembly ,normal ,c\rses40 ,z /ud5ts1 !y all rejoice 9 ! l>g] places ( ,*autauqua4 ,b !re are heights beyond ^! heights4 8,he>]s10 8read]s10 8/ud5t-read]s10 successively m>k ! ?ree asc5d+ grades ( ! ,*autauqua movem5t1 z outl9$ 9 ! 8,assembly10 ! 8,circle10 & ! 8,inn] ,circle40 ,beyond ^! ?ree /ages1 we come to ,,iv4 ,,! ,,univ]sity ,,circle4--,"h are memb]s ( 8,! ,league ( ! ,r\nd ,table10 ^: sev5 seals on ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 diploma entitle !m to ?is high] honor4 ,"h1 too1 are advanc$ /ud5ts 9 ! 8,*autauqua ,s*ool ( ,languages20 ^! walk 9 ! out] c\rts & among ! sacr$ corridors adjo9+ ! ,univ]sity itself4 ,*autauqua n[ means m ?an ev] to !m4 ,! t[]s ( ! ,univ]sity rise above !m4 ,!y ask :y its doors may n op5 to !m1 & :y !y may n rejoice 9 "w1 real "w1 ) aft]-te/s 9 g5u9e exam9ations1 & aft]-honors 9 diploma & degrees4 ,"s rema9 9 ?is goodly place1 he>+ ! songs t float d[n f ! high] halls1 enjoy+ conv]se ) _! fell[s ( ! gr&] degree1 & enc\rag+ o!r & y\ng] & m vigor\s companions to g up & possess ! l&4 ,o!rs knock at ! door by ! upp] /ep1 & z x op5s1 !y ent] ! fif? & highe/ =m ( ! ,*autauqua movem5t-- ,v4 ,,! ,,univ]sity1 ) its s*ools1 colleges1 & academiae2 its tea*]s & pr(essors1 its text-books & tasks1 its rigid exam9ations1 & its promotions4 ,conc]n+ ! ,,univ]sity1 ,i %all write lat] on4 ,,outl9e ,,( ,,requir$ ,,read+s4 ,,febru>y1 #ahhe4 ,fir/ ,week 7end+ ,febru>y #g74--a4 8,college ,greek ,c\rse10 f page #hc to #ajg4 #b4 8,*emi/ry10 *apt]s ,i1 ,,ii & ,,iii4 #c4 8,h[ to ,help ! ,poor10 f page #a to #cb4 #d4 8,h[ ,engli% ,diff]s f o!r ,languages10 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 #e4 ,sunday ,read+s = ,febru>y #a1 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 99 99 99 99 99 ,second ,week 7end+ ,febru>y #ad74--a4 8,college ,greek ,c\rse10 f page #ajg to #acc4 #b4 8,*emi/ry10 *apt]s ,,iv & ,v4 #c4 8,h[ to ,help ! ,poor10 f page #cb to #ff4 #d4 8,temp]ance ,tea*+s ( ,sci5ce0 & 8,home ,/udies 9 ,*emi/ry & ,physics10 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 #e4 ,sunday ,read+s = ,febru>y #h1 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 99 99 99 99 99 ,?ird ,week 7end+ ,febru>y #ba74--a4 8,college ,greek ,c\rse10 f page #acc to #aed4 #b4 8,*emi/ry10 *apt]s ,,vi & ,,vii4 #c4 8,h[ to ,help ! ,poor10 f page #ff to #ib4 #d4 8,kit*5 ,sci5ce & ,art10 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 #e4 ,sunday ,read+s = ,febru>y #ae1 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f\r? ,week 7end+ ,febru>y #bh74--a4 8,college ,greek ,c\rse10 f page #aed to #ahg4 #b4 8,*emi/ry10 *apt] ,,viii4 #c4 8,h[ to ,help ! ,poor10 f page #ib to #abe4 #d4 8,! ,circle ( ,sci5ces0 & 8,huxley on ,sci5ce10 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 #e4 ,sunday ,read+s = ,febru>y #bb1 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,,programs ,,= ,,local ,,circle ,,"w4 ,,fir/ ,,week ,,9 ,,febru>y4 #a4 ,essay--,! ,life ( ,plato4 #b4 ,selection--8,translators ( ,hom]40 ,f ! 8,prose ,writ+s ( ,william ,cull5 ,bryant10 vol4 ii4 #c4 ,fifte5 m9utes' talk on ,home ,decoration4 #d4 ,select ,read+--,extracts f ! ,life ( ,p]icles1 f\nd 9 8,! ,"y ,folks' ,plut>*40 ,music4 #e4 ,essay--,lavoisi] & ! ,phlogi/on ,!ory ,9 ! 8,hi/ory ( ! ,inductive ,sci5ces10 by ,:ewell1 a good ref]5ce w be f\nd4 #f4 ,:at we h all se5 7m5tally1 p]haps17 at ,new ,orleans ?is week4 ,reports be+ made by ea* "o ( :at he has read1 he>d or witness$4 #g4 ,report ( ,critic1 :o is to be appo9t$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! ev5+1 & :o is to note & correct all mi/akes4 ,,mon?ly ,,program4 #a4 ,roll call--,quotations f s*ylus1 tak5 f ! 8,college ,greek ,c\rse40 #b4 ,essay--,socrates4 #c4 ,select ,read+--8,val5t9e's ,day40 ,by ,*>les ,lamb4 ,f\nd 9 8 8,elia40 ,music4 #d4 ,a ,g5]al ,talk on ,huxley & 8 ,tea*+s4 ,let ea* "o come prep>$ to read or tell some?+ ab\t him4 #e4 ,essay--,! ,greek ,drama4 #f4 ,debate--,resolv$1 t x is wrong to fe$ tramps4 ,,f\nd]',s ,,day--,,febru>y #bc4 8,he tri$ ! luxury ( do+ good40 ,music4 #a4 ,roll-call--,quotations on ! ,companion%ip ( ,books4 #b4 ,essay--,new ,dep>tures 9 ,education4 ,ref]5ce c be made to ,pe/alozzi1 ,froebel1 ,col4 ,p>k]1 & o!rs4 ,music4 #c4 ,recitation--,alone ) ,my ,consci5ce4 ,f\nd 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan = ,octob]1 #ahhd4 #d4 ,a ,pap] on ! ,*autauqua ,in/itutions4 ,music4 #e4 ,select ,read+--,prop] ,me?od ( ,employ+ ,"t4 ,by ,addison4 #f4 ,a ,conv]sazione--,subject3 ,:at ,*autauqua has done = me4 ,ent]$ into in=mally by all memb]s ( ! circle4 ,music4 ,,longfell[',s ,,day--,,febru>y #bg4 8,high z our he>ts he /ood40 #a4 ,roll call--,quotations f ,longfell[4 #b4 ,let sev]al memb]s :o h be5 appo9t$ be=eh& give brief acc\nts ( diff]5t p]iods ( ! poet's life1 su* z3 ,8 e>ly life1 8 ye>s 9 college1 8 life z a college pr(essor1 8 travels abroad1 8 lit]>y "w1 8 home 9 ! ,craigie ,h\se1 & 8 love = *ildr54 ,music4 #c4 ,recitation--8,! ,hang+ ( ! ,crane40 #d4 ,select ,read+--,extracts f 8,outre-,m]40 ,music4 #e4 ,essay--,longfell['s ,*>act]i/ics z a ,writ]4 #f4 ,recitation--8,! ,poet & ! ,*ildr540 ,by ,john ,g4 ,:itti]4 #g4 ,a ,pap]--,! ,tributes to ,longfell[ by ,em95t ,m5 & ,wom54 #h4 ,an analytical /udy ( ! poem 8,s&alphon40 99 99 99 99 99 ,a delightful ,longfell[ ent]ta9m5t may be arrang$ f 8,evangel9e0 or 8,miles ,/&i%40 ,! poem *os5 %\ld be c>efully cut s z n to require m ?an an h\r = read+4 ,let a good read] be *os51 & z he reads let ! mo/ picturesque & /rik+ passages be repres5t$ by tableaux4 ,help 9 prep>+ programs = ,longfell['s ,day may be f\nd 9 ! foll[+ articles3 ,! ,c5tury1 ,june1 #ahhb1 8,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[10 poem2 ,! ,c5tury1 ,octob]1 #ahhc1 8,longfell[20 ,! ,c5tury1 ,novemb]1 #ahgh1 8,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[20 ,allibone's 8,diction>y ( ,au?ors20 ,griswold1 8,poets & ,poetry ( ,am]ica20 ,duyck9ck1 8,cyclopdia ( ,am]ican ,lit]ature10 vol4 ii42 ,nor? ,am]ican ,review1 ,janu>y #ahdj1 ,july #ahdb1 ,july #ahde1 & ,janu>y #ahdh2 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 ,m>* #ahdh2 ,briti% ,qu>t]ly ,review = ,janu>y & ,april #ahfd2 ,! ,lit]>y ,_w1 vol4 xii41 ,no4 #e2 8,homes ( ,am]ican ,au?ors10 by ,george ,william ,curtis2 8,am]ican ,classics = ,s*ools10 vol4 i2 8,longfell[ ,leaflets0--^! conv5i5t little slips h be5 prep>$ = s*ools1 b w be f\nd v useful = l>ge circles4 ,!y may be _h ( ,h\ghton1 ,miffl9 ,co41 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,,local ,,circles4 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,mottoes4 8,we ,/udy ! ,^w & ! ,works ( ,god40--8,let u keep our ,heav5ly ,fa!r 9 ! ,mid/40--8,nev] be ,disc\rag$40 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,memorial ,,days4 #a4 ,,op5+ ,,day--,octob] #a4 #b4 ,,bryant ,,day--,novemb] #c4 #c4 ,,special ,,sunday--,novemb]1 second ,sunday4 #d4 ,,milton ,,day--,decemb] #i4 #e4 ,,college ,,day--,janu>y1 la/ ,?ursday4 #f4 ,,special ,,sunday--,febru>y1 second ,sunday4 #g4 ,,f\nd]',s ,,day--,febru>y #bc4 #h4 ,,longfell[ ,,day--,febru>y #bg4 #i4 ,,%aksp]e ,,day--,april #bc4 #aj4 ,,addison ,,day--,may #a4 #aa4 ,,special ,,sunday--,may1 second ,sunday4 #ab4 ,,special ,,sunday--,july1 second ,sunday4 #ac4 ,,inauguration ,,day--,augu/1 fir/ ,saturday aft] fir/ ,tuesday2 anniv]s>y ( ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 at ,*autauqua4 #ad4 ,,/4 ,,paul',s ,,day--,augu/1 second ,saturday aft] fir/ ,tuesday2 anniv]s>y ( ! d$ication ( ,/4 ,paul's ,grove at ,*autauqua4 #ae4 ,,comm5cem5t ,,day--,augu/1 ?ird ,tuesday4 #af4 ,,g>field ,,day--,septemb] #ai4 ,"o ( ! mo/ pr(itable half h\rs ( ! local circle ev5+ is t sp5t 9 g5]al conv]sation on a p>ticul> topic4 ,x furni%es a practice :i* is ( incalculable value4 ,at ! same "t x is n possible to put a numb] on a program ( :i* x is m difficult to make a p]fect success4 ,( c\rse _m circles h le>n$ ! art ( talk+4 ,at ,,%iloh1 ,n4 ,y41 ! 8,atlantic0 circle ( sixte5 memb]s1 a busy1 prosp]\s organization1 to introduce v>iety into _! programs1 (t5 hold a 8meet+ ( in=mal conv]sation10 b v _m ( u c n succe$4 ,at ! root ( our tr\ble lies t totally false idea t ! ability to conv]se is ! gift ( a few4 ,:5 lead]s sugge/ a conv]sazione ! difficulties pres5t$ seem almo/ insurm\ntable4 ,! memb]s cont5d t !y c n talk2 !y w n try2 !y urge t :ile hi/ory & sci5ce make excell5t /udies1 !y are too 8heavy0 = conv]sation2 !y fly ! subject & intrude a *it-*at :i* totally de/roys s]i\s conv]sation4 ,"s "t ago we saw successfully tri$ 9 a circle ( ab\t tw5ty memb]s1 ! foll[+ me?od = cultivat+ conv]sation3 ,! subject 0 introduc$ by ! lead] 9 a brief & e>ne/ talk4 ,he %[$ ! b>r5ness ( ideas & ! lack ( f9e & exact expression 9 our social conv]se4 ,he urg$ ! possibility & ! duty ( e "o becom+ an ent]ta9+ talk]4 ,an int]e/ 0 ?or\ghly ar\s$1 & a vote 0 c>ri$ by ! society to devote a half h\r to talk+ on subjects sugge/$ by ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 read+s4 ,ea* memb] promis$ to conf9e himself to ! subject1 to come prep>$ to foll[ ! :ole subject1 & to give p>ticul> items on c]ta9 po9ts4 ,memb]s 7 b\nd to ask que/ions1 to look up pictures to illu/rate1 anecdotes to enliv5 & wise words to en=ce ! po9ts br\ght out4 ,!y le>n$ to talk1 & to talk on wor?y subjects4 ,_! exp]i5ce soon grew to be a little l t :i* happ5$ to a memb] ( ! ,,holli/]1 ,,cali=nia1 circle4 ,a lady meet+ h]1 rem>k$3 8,i am gett+ jeal\s ( ^? ,*autauquans1 = if two ( !m meet !y c talk ( no?+ b ^? old ,greeks40 ,our fri5ds grew to talk s well t a lady1 apply+ = admission1 said3 8,i want to jo9 y\r society1 = x seems to me t a society :i* inspires s mu* intellig5t conv]sation mu/ be v valuable40 ,e circle ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 :i* has _h exp]i5ce 9 ?is "w %\ld l5d to o!rs its ideas & sugge/ions4 ,b n[ let u turn to some?+ :i* is mu* easi] to *at ov] ?an are me?ods = improv+ ourselves 9 conv]sation--our circles4 ,,nova ,,scotia gives no h9t 9 its report f ! ,,halifax ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ( ! bleakness :i* we usually associate ) its /ormy nor!rn coa/4 ,?is ,halifax circle ann\nces itself 9 a fl\ri%+ condition1 ) a regul> memb]%ip ( fifte5 & ) tw5ty or ?irty regul> att5dants4 ,! gr[? ( ! "w 9 ,nova ,scotia is app>5t to !m & !y look = an addition ( _m memb]s soon4 ,already ! numb] ( memb]s 9 ,nova ,scotia is ne>ly d\ble t ( la/ ye>4 ,at ! extreme ea/]n po9t ( ,,ma9e1 9 ! pretty village ( ,,lubec1 ! 8,pansies0 h tak5 root4 ,! busy little 8,quoddy0 circle ( eight memb]s =ms ! nucleus ar\nd :i*1 we tru/1 w collect a future legion ( z int]e/$ memb]s z are our pres5t fri5ds4----,ano!r ,p9e-,tree /ate t[n1 ,,br[nfield1 has a circle read+ its ?ird ye>'s c\rse4 ,x w\ld be difficult1 !y ?9k1 to f9d m en?usia/ic work]s4----,on ! s\!rn po9t ( ! beautiful ,moosehead ,lake1 9 ! t[n ( ,,gre5ville1 a circle ( 8,plym\? ,rocks0 0 f\nd$ 9 ,novemb]1 #ahhd4 ,! class express increas+ int]e/ 9 _! read+s1 & are confid5t ( a l>ge gr[? 9 numb]s dur+ ! ye>4 ,! 8,nor? ,/>0 is ! pretty "n !y h *os5 = _! circle4 ,,new ,,hamp%ire s5ds two ye>-old circles to our columns ?is mon?4 ,"o f ,,tilton reorganiz$ la/ fall ) tw5ty-f\r memb]s4 ,!y meet =tnightly & rememb] all ! memorial days4 ,may _! "n1 8,w9nipisaukee10 prove auspici\s1 & ! 8smile ( ! ,great ,_s0 be ev] ) !m4----,! 8,/4 ,paul0 circle1 :i* 0 organiz$ 9 ! fall ( #ahhc1 at ,,man*e/]1 ,n4 ,h41 b n report$ to ,,! ,,*autauquan1 0 reorganiz$ la/ fall ) a memb]%ip ( ?irty-sev54 ,!y h 9 ! circle tw5ty-"o ( ! class ( '#hh1 :ile only five are ( ! class ( '#hg--;a pro( t ! 8,*autauqua ,idea0 is gr[+ 9 favor4 ,!y prep>e int]e/+ programs consi/+ ( essays1 read+s1 talks1 etc4 ,also1 !y use ! 8,*autauqua ,songs10 & f9d !m a great help4 ,! circle at ,,pla9field1 ,,v]mont1 consi/s ( f\rte5 h>d work+ memb]s & is 9 its fir/ ye>4 ,!y f9d great enjoym5t 9 _! read+4 ,la/ ,novemb]1 ! loss by dea? ( "o ( _! mo/ active & lov$ memb]s1 ,mrs4 ,f4 ,a4 ,dr9ell1 ?rew a %ad[ ov] _! circle1 b !y h p]si/$ 9 _! "w4----,to ! numb]s ( pretty programs :i* h come to our table has be5 add$ a neatly pa9t$ "o f ,,rutl&1 ,,vt41 a s\v5ir ( ! ,milton ,memorial ,reception held by ! 8,alpha0 bran* ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,?is ent]ta9m5t 0 v highly complim5t$ by ! local press4 ,a memb] ( ! 8,mizpah0 circle ( ,,new ,,b$=d1 ,,mass41 pays a v high complim5t to ! "* ( t circle's "w4 ,he writes t he has le>n$ m ( ,greek hi/ory & lit]ature 9 ! f\r meet+s :i* _! circle _h held :5 he wrote1 ?an 9 all ! "t he gave la/ ye> to solit>y /udy4 ,c]ta9ly ! circle mu/ be accompli%+ its design ( do+ 8solid "w40 ,nor are _! numb]s1 ?\gh b six1 a drawback4 ,a small circle1 if p]fectly cong5ial1 has "s /rong advantages4----,la/ mon? ,,ea/ ,,weym\?1 ,,mass41 report$ ! circle :i* has _h su* a vigor\s gr[? ?is ye>4 ,n[ we he> ( a new circle 9 ! si/] city ( ,,s\? ,,weym\?1 & v soon we may hope to d some?+ m ?an =mally introduce our new fri5d4----,! 8,p>k] ,hill0 local circle1 ( ,,bo/on1 organiz$ 9 ,septemb]1 #ahhc1 has become s mu* int]e/$ 9 ! circles :i* mon? aft] mon? s5d _! greet+s & _! sugge/ions to ,,! ,,*autauquan',s columns1 t x jo9s our numb]4 ,v glad we are to pres5t x--! only circle1 s f> z we rememb]1 compos$ entirely ( "y m54 ,?irte5 ( !m =m ?is club1 all ( !m connect$ ) ! ,highl& ,congregational ,*ur*1 ( :i* ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,e4 ,dunn+1 ! honor$ presid5t ( ! 8,plym\? ,rocks10 has be5 pa/or4 ,a p>ticul>ly happy sugge/ion1 x seems to u1 is conta9$ 9 a special feature ( _! program4 ,!y require ea* memb] to sugge/ at ea* meet+1 9 writ+1 "s subject = ! next meet+'s program4 ,^! sugge/ions be+ read by ! presid5t1 ! circle selects f !m a suffici5t numb] ( topics to occupy ! allott$ "t4 ,! subjects are !n assign$ to ! v>i\s memb]s4----,f two o!r ,massa*usetts circles come pleasant lett]s4 ,"o f ,,cape ,,cod says3 8,we call ourselves ! #8,seaside' circle1 & our "n is v appropriate1 = #8! sea' lies bo? ea/ & s\? ( u4 ,we are locat$ 9 ! #8elb[' ( ! #8"r arm' ( ,massa*usetts1 & sc>ce an h\r 9 our lives passes t we d n feel ! invigorat+ breezes ( ! ,atlantic ,ocean4 ,at pres5t we numb] f\rte5 regul> & ?ree local memb]s1 "o '#he1 f\r '#hgs1 & ! re/ '#hhs4 ,our en?usiasm is great1 &1 z is ! exp]i5ce ( e local circle1 increases ) e meet+40----,& ano!r f ,,falm\?3 8,our #8,neptune' circle is prosp]\sly />t$ ?is ye> ) tw5ty-?ree active memb]s4 ,we are enc\rag$1 z ?is is m ?an d\ble our la/ ye>'s memb]%ip4 ,we try to keep ! l9e ( /udy = ea* ev5+ sep>ate1 "o ev5+ be+ devot$ to sci5ce1 ano!r to ,greek4 ,la/ week we took up ! #8,iliad1' diff]5t memb]s giv+ five-m9ute sket*es ( its gods & h]oes4 ,at o!r meet+s we h _h successful exp]im5ts 9 c>bon & hydrog54 ,our local badges be> ! lett]s ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 ) ! trid5t1 ! symbol ( our circle40 ,) ?is lett] ! writ] s5ds a bit ( exp]i5ce :i* is v int]e/+4 8,la/ summ]10 %e writes1 8:ile visit+ ! #8,morn+ ,/>1' z %e lay at ! :>f be=e />t+ on h] noble life "w1 ,i f\nd ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 books 9 ! capta9's libr>y4 ,i nev] be=e s fully realiz$ ! bond ( sympa?y betwe5 ,*autauquans4 ,mrs4 ,bray1 ! capta9's wife1 told me t %e & h] husb& belong$ to ! class ( '#he4 ,!y take ! read+s toge!r :ile f> out on ! deep40 ,,connecticut has a goodly array ( items = ! mon?4 ,,norwi* s5ds u sev]al ( its capital programs2 peculi>ly attractive is ! "o = ,milton's ,day4----,,bri/ol reports a circle ( tw5ty-f\r memb]s1 organiz$ 9 ,octob] la/1 & boa/s1 mo/ ju/ly1 ( t5 s*ool tea*]s 9 its ranks4 ,all ! regul> "w arrang$ = circles !y h be5 p]=m+1 & report mo/ pleasant special meet+s on ,bryant & ,milton ,days4----,,w9/$ has s5t u a ,new ,ye> greet+4 ,a happy circle !y are1 ) _! enorm\s memb]%ip ( sixty-"o memb]s1 & 8n "o lazy "o 9 our ranks10 ! secret>y writes4----,at ,,new ,,brita9 ! ,milton ,day s]vice 0 v pleasant4 ,! pr(essor ( ,engli% lit]ature 9 ! ,/ate ,normal ,s*ool gave a talk on ,milton1 & ! ev5+ clos$ ) a "q mat*4 ,! plan ( review+ ea* "w read has be5 adopt$ at ,,bri/ol1 ,r4 ,i4 ,an unusually int]e/+ review 0 prep>$ on ! 8,art ( ,spee*40 ,! epitome :i* ! writ] gives ( ! op5+ *apt] w n only be int]e/+1 x may s]ve to dis5tangle "s "o's ideas on ! puzzl+ gr[? ( ,engli%3 ,) ,*apt] fir/ our toil beg9s1 ',tis l a p5ance = our s9s ,to try to read x ov]4 ,we read x once1 we read x twice1 ,) close att5tion read x ?rice1 ,its mean+ to discov]4 ,we f9d1 at la/1 t ,engli% spee* ,?r\gh long succe$+ ye>s1 do? rea* ,back to primeval ages4 ,f ,aryan root x sprang at fir/-- ,h[ long ago1 tell u :o dur/-- ,& grew by easy /ages4 ,teutonic trunk & ,g]man bran* ,& ,saxon twig grew /rong & /an*1 ,& ,norman foliage cr[n$ x2 ,f ,lat9 grafts x ga9$ new /r5g? ,& f ,greek scions1 too1 at l5g? ,grew ?rifty leaves ar\nd x4 ,! fruits ^u ! wondr\s tree1 ,if we %\ld te/1 we soon %\ld see ,h _m =eign flavors4 ,f ,spani%1 ,dut*1 & ,portuguese1 ,italian1 ,indian1 & ,*9ese1 ,h !y d]iv$ _! savors4 ,! 8,k ,seek]s10 ( ,,jame/[n1 ,r4 ,i41 =m a new circle4 ,until ?is ye> !y 7 a bran* ( ! local circle 9 ,,newport1 b z six memb]s 7 add$ !y h =m$ a circle ( _! own4----8,pawcatuck0 local circle1 ( ! '#hh class1 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 0 organiz$ ,septemb] #bc1 #ahhd1 9 ! village ( ,,c>ol9a1 a small manufactur+ place 9 s\!rn ,rhode ,isl&4 ,! circle has n[ tw5ty-f\r memb]s & meets weekly4 ,consid]+ ! fact t !re are only ab\t #cge inhabitants 9 ! place1 9 all1 & t fully "o half ( ?is numb] are mill op]atives1 ! size ( ! circle is rem>kable4 ,! memb]s are all ?or\ghly int]e/$ 9 ! "w1 & are tak+ hold ( x 9 a v comm5dable mann]4 ,f all directions ?r\gh\t ,,new ,,york ,,/ate good news ( gr[+ circles rea*es u4 ,away up nor?1 9 ,,jeff]son ,,c\nty1 9 ! village ( ,,adams1 !re has be5 organiz$ 8a real live ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c40 ,x is model$ on ! broad ,*autauquan plat=m1 & has ?ree *ur*es repres5t$ 9 its (fic]s4 ,! program ( _! ,bryant ,memorial ,day ex]cises 0 a model ( happily *os5 selections1 & we le>n f ! columns ( _! local pap] t x 0 z happily r5d]$4----,a v pr(itable plan ( assign+ subjects is foll[$ at ,,k+/on1 ,n4 ,y41 9 _! circle ( sev5 memb]s4 ,ea* memb] is giv51 at ! beg9n+ ( ! ye>1 a subject f ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 read+s1 to :i* he devotes 8 entire att5tion2 ?us our correspond5t writes t dur+ la/ ye> %e furni%$ outl9es & que/ions ^u ! subject ( 8,art10 & t ?is ye> h] !me is 8,kit*5 ,sci5ce & ,art40 ,we l ! plan4----,9 ! pleasant t[n ( ,,m\nt ,,kisco1 n f> f ,new ,york ,city1 !re is a circle :i* dates back to a public meet+ 9 ! int]e/s ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 held by "o ( ! pa/ors ( ! t[n1 9 ! fall ( #ahhb4 ,a ?riv+ circle ( ! class ( #ahhf /ill exi/s !re4 ,_! plan ( "w is v compreh5sive1 includ+ ,*autauqua music1 g5]al discussions1 essays & social obs]vance ( ! special days4----,! ,,i?aca1 ,n4 ,y41 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 has a memb]%ip ( =ty-six ( ! classes ( '#he1 '#hf1 '#hg & '#hh4 ,! meet+s1 held bi-mon?ly1 are full ( life & int]e/4 ,!y obs]ve memorial days g5]ally4 ,"o ( _! mo/ active memb]s has mov$ to ,,caz5ovia1 ,n4 ,y41 ,mrs4 ,rev4 ,h4 ,f4 ,sp5c]1 vice presid5t4 ,%e writes3 8,our circle1 "h1 is 9 embryo--?9k h[ prosy to come d[n to a circle ( ?ree or f\r40----,! ,,newfield circle ( fifte5 memb]s 0 organiz$ la/ fall1 & held _! meet+s e ,friday ev5+4 ,_! presid5t1 ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,h4 ,rog]s1 is a graduate ( ! class ( '#hb4----;,9 an int]e/+ lett] f ! presid5t ( a circle at ,,b+hamton1 ,n4 ,y41 we h f\nd "s v good h9ts4 ,he says3 8,"h 9 ,b+hamton our circle numb]s tw5ty4 ,we call ourselves ! #8,f4 ,f4 ,f4' circle1 f our motto3 #8,=tit]1 fidelit]1 felicit]'--bravely1 fai?fully1 successfully4 ,two ?+s our programs all include3 ,fir/1 devotional ex]cises1 rememb]+ t #8we /udy ! ,^w' z well z #8! works ( ,god4' ,we use ! ,*autauqua hymns1 all s++ toge!r & greatly enjoy x4 ,secondly1 roll call4 ,?is is "o ( our mo/ int]e/+ ex]cises4 ,we respond by quotations f "o or m au?ors1 specially designat$ = ! ev5+1 & keep a record ( e quotation giv54 ,9 ?is way we are compil+ :at promises to be a v int]e/+ book ( *oice quotations4 ,our memb]s are v mu* 9 e>ne/1 & e meet+ f9ds !m all pres5t40----,! hi/ory ( "o ( ! circles at ,,olean1 ,n4 ,y41 has be5 s5t u by its secret>y3 8,! #8,:itney' circle 7,bapti/7 0 s nam$ 9 honor ( ! v5]able ,dr4 ,:itney1 "o ( ! fa!rs ( ! ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur*4 ,?is circle 0 organiz$ 9 ! fall ( #ahhc1 ) a memb]%ip ( ?irty4 ,?is fall we h reorganiz$1 ) a memb]%ip t bids fair to d\ble t ( la/ ye>4 ,ea* memb]1 9 alphabetical ord]1 takes "p 9 ! ex]cises1 & are ne>ly all active work]s4 ,our meet+s op5 ) ! #8,*autauqua ,songs1' foll[$ by ! roll call1 ea* memb] answ]+ ) an apt quotation f ! read+s4 ,our program !n consi/s ( a drill on subjects gone ov] 9 ! read+s = ! pa/ two weeks4 ,two essays1 on subjects 9 h>mony ) ! read+s1 are read ea* ev5+4 ,we also h int]e/+ sci5tific exp]im5ts conduct$ by ,dr4 ,s4 ,j4 ,mudge1 a sci5ti/ ( ?is city4 ,we h introduc$ a novel feature call$ ! #8,tug ( ,w>1' 9 :i* sides are *os5 9 spell+-d[n /yle1 & que/ions ask$ on a book :i* has be5 complet$4 ,guesses at ! ,greek alphabet & ,greek words are also features ( our programs4 ,we also obs]ve "s ( ! memorial days4 ,la/ summ] our sup]9t5d5t1 ! ,rev4 ,mac,clymont1 secur$ ,*ancellor ,v9c5t to lecture = u4 ,we invit$ ! ,m4 ,e4 circle1 & _h a spl5did lecture4 ,tak5 altoge!r1 we may say our circle is 9 a prosp]\s & fl\ri%+ condition40 ,! ,,key/one ,,/ate is 9 no way beh9d ,new ,engl& & its ,,empire neighbor ?is mon? 9 reports4 ,f ,,connelsville1 on ! banks ( ! ,y\ghiogh5y1 comes a he>ty greet+ to all ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 classmates4 ,x is f ! /urdy 8,sp>tans10 ( ! class ( '#hh4 ,! circle1 organiz$ on ,op5+ ,day1 numb]$ at its />t tw5ty-f\r memb]s4 ,! 8,a!nian0 circle ( '#hf & ! 8,pansy0 circle ( '#hg propos$ a consolidation ( =ces2 s l>ge 0 ! circle t a public meet+ place 0 necess>y4 ,! be/ tal5t ( ! city is 9 ! circle1 & to belong to its rank is a good recomm5dation :]ev] ! circle is kn[n4----,at ,,m\nt ,,pleasant1 ,,pa41 a circle 0 =m$ 9 ,octob] consi/+ ( fifty-"o memb]s1 all b f\r ( :i* belong to ! class ( '#hh4 ,!y promise u a full report :5 fairly />t$ 9 _! "w4----,a fri5d at ,,v]ona1 ,,pa41 writes3 8,our "n is ! #8,v]ona ,resolutes1' our age two mon?s1 our numb] fifte54 ,we owe our exi/5ce to ! fact t ?ree ( our new memb]s att5d$ ,*autauqua ,lake ,assembly1 & "o ,m\nta9 ,lake ,p>k ,assembly1 :]e !y caught ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 fev]1 & ^u return+ home spread ! disease until fifte5 are f\nd ^u ! fev] li/4 ,we are enjoy+ x1 ?\gh1 & hope our recov]y w be sl[1 if recov]y means loss ( int]e/40----,,we/ ,,philadelphia has a new circle--! 8,p>sonage0 circle4 ,!y numb] six & promise to try to increase _! li/4 ,no d\bt _! ef=ts w succe$1 ! pres5t circle be+ due to ! ef=ts ( ?ree memb]s :o la/ ye> read alone4----,! ,elizabe? ,h]ald1 ( ,,elizabe?1 ,,pa41 conta9$ rec5tly ! foll[+ pleasant notice ( ! circle 9 t t[n3 8,,*autauqua ,,circle4--,?is fl\ri%+ in/itution is pursu+ a c\rse ( /udy & rese>* & enjoy+ an ex*ange ( ideas1 :i* is a v]itable revel+ 9 intellectual & social pleasures1 unkn[n to _m ( ! community ^: cong5ial ta/es & capabilities w\ld1 if prop]ly direct$ & cultur$1 lead !m to a %>+ ( ^! delights1 s f> above ! frivolities too common to "y life4 ,= in/ance1 at ! regul> meet+ ( ?is week1 9 addition to ! regul> quiz & discussion ( ! set topics1 ! ,milton ,memorial ,day 0 obs]v$ ) s]vices ( an appropriate nature4 ,! ev5+ 0 a mo/ pleasant "o ?r\gh\t1 & aft] ! regul> program 0 conclud$ ! memb]s1 lo? to leave1 rema9$1 s++ & talk+ 9 pleasant1 in=mal fa%ion1 = "s "t40----,we are pleas$ to notice "h1 a k9dly complim5t to ! presid5t ( ! fl\ri%+ circle ( ?irty at ,,wa%+ton1 ,pr(essor ,lyon1 ( ,wa%+ton & ,jeff]son ,college4 ,our fri5d says ( him3 8,9 our /udies 9 *emi/ry1 etc41 we h ! b5efit ( 8 k & skill1 & oblig+ disposition1 = he always c>ries f ! college to our rooms ! app>atus ne$$ = explanation & exp]im5t40 ,?is circle held a 8sociable0 on ! ev5+ ( ,decemb] #aa?1 ea* memb] invit+ a fri5d4 ,x 0 an enjoyable affair & may be ! means ( add+ memb]s4----,9 k9d remembrance ( ,m>y ,v9c5t1 ! "m ( ,*ancellor ,v9c5t1 ! memb]s ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 at ,,pet]sburg1 ,,pa4 h nam$ _! circle ! 8,m>y ,v9c5t0 circle--a peculi>ly fitt+ tribute1 ,mrs4 ,v9c5t hav+ be5 well kn[n & deeply honor$ by _m ,*autauquans 9 t vic9ity4 ,! ,,c9c9nati1 ,,ohio1 memb]s ( ! ,s4 ,h4 ,g4 held _! ye>ly reception to ! new class1 9 ! pleasant p>lor ( ! ,fir/ ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 9 ,octob]4 ,! 8,irrepressibles0 7 "r royally receiv$4 ,! presid5t ( ! society1 ,mr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,o',connell1 welcom$ ! class into ! society4 ,! foll[+ 7 ! toa/s1 to :i* he>ty responses 7 giv53 8,! ,class ( '#hb20 8,class ( '#hc20 8,class ( '#hd20 8,! ,f\nd] ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4--,*ancellor ,j4 ,h4 ,v9c5t20 8,*autauqua1 ! ,mecca ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c420 8,c9c9nati ,circles20 8,*autauqua ,music40 ,! musical "p ( ! program 0 unusually f9e4 ,! collation 0 a "p ( ! program 9 :i* e "o pres5t took "p4 ,! foll[+ are ! (fic]s = ! ensu+ ye>3 ,presid5t1 ,mr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,o',connell1 '#hb3 vice presid5ts3 ,class ( '#hb1 ,mrs4 ,m4 ,j4 ,pyle2 class ( '#hc1 ,mrs4 ,i4 ,w4 ,joyce2 class ( '#hd1 ,miss ,s>ah ,trott]2 record+ secret>y1 ,miss ,julia ,kolbe2 correspond+ secret>y1 ,mr4 ,m4 ,s4 ,turrill2 treasur]1 ,miss ,sel9a ,wood4 ,! society sep>at$ brimful ( en?usiasm = ! success ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,bryant's ,day 0 celebrat$ by ! ,c9c9nati circles at ! ,?ird ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*4 ,mr4 ,s4 ,logan presid$4 ,among ! excell5t ?+s on ! program 7 an essay on ,w4 ,c4 ,bryant1 by ,mr4 ,j4 ,a4 ,johnson1 a piano solo by ,miss ,belle ,burnham1 & a recitation1 8,wait+ by ! ,gate10 by ,miss ,nellie ,allan4 ,a union vesp] s]vice 0 held by ! circles at ,grace ,m4 ,p4 ,*ur*1 on ! ,special ,sunday1 ,novemb] #i?4 ,! s]vice 0 conduct$ by ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,spohr1 ( ,grace ,*ur*1 & ,dr4 ,ridgeway1 ( ,m\nt ,auburn1 gave a v f9e address ^u 8,praise40 ,?is be+ ! 8,greek0 ye> 9 ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 c\rse1 ! v>i\s circles h add$ to _! names t lett] ( ! ,greek alphabet :i* w indicate _! rank 9 ord] ( organization4----,! local circle ( ,,m\nt ,,pleasant1 ,,ohio1 came into exi/5ce 9 ,octob] ( #ahhc4 ,! circle has ! usual (fic]s1 & meets twice a mon? at ! homes ( ! memb]s4 ,! enrollm5t is n9ete51 ) a l>ge av]age att5dance4 ,!y h local tal5t enli/$1 & ! meet+s are in/ructive & int]e/+4 ,! "w ( #ahhc & #ahhd 0 ?or\ghly accompli%$4 ,"o new circle ent]s ! li/ ?is mon? f ,,fri5dswood1 ,,ind4 ,x is =m$ ( twelve memb]s--en?usia/ic & brave !y mu/ be1 = !y report !mselves z liv+ 9 ! c\ntry sev]al miles ap>t4 ,n only are !y ov]com+ ! difficulty ( regul> meet+s "u ^! circum/ances1 !y are contemplat+ enli/+ o!rs 9 _! "w4----,ano!r zeal\s ,,indiana circle is at ,,corydon4 ,x is a ye> old1 & believes itself to h done bett] "w ?an any o!r circle 9 ! c\ntry1 an ass]tion t _! me?od w>rants1 = !y h adopt$ ! novel plan ( a ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 s*ool1 :]e "o memb] is appo9t$ to he> ! lesson & e o!r comes prep>$ to recite4 ,our ,corydon fri5ds gave a delightful ,milton reception to ov] ?irty gue/s4----,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 local circle ( ,,=t ,,wayne began its fif? ye>'s "w on ,g>field ,day--(fic]s 7 elect$1 & sev5te5 new memb]s add$4 ,! subjects "u consid]ation are conduct$ 9 a conv]sational mann]4 ,"o ev5+ 0 devot$ to *emi/ry1 ) highly int]e/+ & successful exp]im5ts giv5 by ! lead]1 :o is pr(essor ( sci5ce at ! ,m4 ,e4 ,college4 ,!y h held "o 8,sunday ,ev5+ ,vesp] ,s]vice10 :i* prov$ su* an inspiration t !y purpose hav+ m4 8,at ! age ( five ye>s10 !y write1 8we are truly #8,irrepressible1' #8,inv9cible1' & z firm & /eady z old ,plym\? ,rock itself40 ,altoge!r 8we are a live & en?usia/ic circle1 possess$ ) ! true #8,*autauqua ,idea4'0 ,a lett] receiv$ f a lady well kn[n to read]s ( ,,! ,,*autauquan1 ,mrs4 ,e4 ,j4 ,bugbee1 says ( a circle lately />t$ at ,,evan/on1 ,,ill43 8,i am happy to report f ?is glori\s ,a!ns ( ! ,we/ a fl\ri%+ circle ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 organiz$ on ! fir/ ,monday ev5+ 9 ,novemb]1 & numb]+ n[ betwe5 =ty & fifty memb]s4 ,we h />t$ out ) an en?usiasm :i* we hope w n abate1 & inde$ we d n expect x to d s "u our pres5t =tunate lead]%ip4 ,we h = presid5t ,mr4 ,we$5 ,a4 ,sawy]1 ( ?is place4 ,he presides ) dignity & ease1 & c>ries =w>d ! bus9ess ( ! circle ) promptness & dispat*4 ,we are also happy 9 our in/ructor1 ! ,rev4 ,f4 ,clatwor?y1 pa/or ( ! ,bapti/ *ur* ( ,evan/on1 :o %[s wond]ful adaptation = ?is "w1 & is he>tily 9 sympa?y ) ! ,*autauqua ,idea1 & endeavors closely to foll[ out ! plan = local circles40----,at ,,h9sdale1 ,,ill41 a circle 0 organiz$ 9 ! fall ( #ahhb4 ,! circle 0 conduct$ 9 a v in=mal mann]1 hav+ b "o (fic]--secret>y--8ea* memb] tak+ h] turn z lead]1 & our ex]cises 7 m]ely ! discussions ( ! pa/ week's read+4 ,9 ! fall ( #ahhc we aga9 organiz$1 ?is "t admitt+ g5tlem51 elect+ a presid5t & secret>y1 & tak+ to ourselves a "n1 #8,! ,alpha ,*autauqua ,circle4' ,our memb]%ip increas$ to eighte54 ,meet+ e ,monday ev5+1 our ex]cises 7 ! same z dur+ ! prec$+ ye>4 ,we celebrat$ ?ree ( ! memorial days1 :i* prov$ n only pleasant & int]e/+1 b v in/ructive4 ,?is la/ fall our ,*autauquans 7 s en?usia/ic t ! fir/ meet+ 0 call$ = ,septemb] #d?4 ,we reorganiz$ ) only n9e memb]s2 s9ce !n h admitt$ two m4 ,if x c be possible1 our "w ?is ye> seems m int]e/+ ?an ev]4 ,we cont9ue to meet weekly1 & h n[ decid$ to take "o text-book1 or "o mon?'s read+ 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan at a "t1 f9i%+ "o subject be=e tak+ up ano!r2 ?9k+ !reby to obta9 a bett] und]/&+ ( ! same4 ,%all also use ! que/ions & answ]s 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 said lessons to be conduct$ ! same z a spell+ mat*4 ,! memb]s respond to ! roll call ) appropriate quotations1 ?us f> f ,greek au?ors4 ,we h be5 too busy to obs]ve ! memorial days ?is ye>1 o!rwise ?an by quotations f ! au?or 9 "q4 ,two ( our circle are memb]s ( ! #8,pansy' class4 ,"o ( our numb] graduat$ la/ ye>1 :o is n[ an honor>y memb] ( ! local circle1 act+ z critic2 & we %all h "o graduate ?is ye>40 ,a g5u9e pro( ( good "w is ?is bit ( exp]i5ce f ,,tecumseh1 ,,mi*43 8,at ! beg9n+ ( ?is ye>10 ! presid5t writes1 8we memb]s ( '#hf review$ ?or\ghly our ,greek hi/ory = ! b5efit ( ^? ( our circle belong+ to ! classes ( '#hg & '#hh4 ,we 7 highly gratifi$ ) ! pr(ici5cy ( ! class ( '#hf4 ,h[ well we rememb] two ye>s ago ! despond5cy ( _m ( ! memb]s at ! h>d ,greek words1 & n[ !y pron\nce !m ) ease & flu5cy4 ,any "o w\ld h be5 conv9c$ ( ! b5efits ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 :o c\ld h li/5$ to ^? reviews ( ,greek hi/ory40----,! ,bryant memorial 0 v pleasantly obs]v$ by ! local circle ( ,,escanaba1 ,,mi*4 ,mrs4 ,w4 ,h4 ,tibbals1 '#hf1 invit$ ! memb]s to d9n] at #f o'clock4 ,n9e ( ! memb]s 7 pres5t4 ,aft] ! repa/1 at :i* ea* memb] pres5t receiv$ z a s\v5ir a pallet pa9t$ by ! ho/ess1 ! lit]>y fea/ 0 enjoy$4 ,select read+1 8,e>ly ,life ( ! ,au?or20 selection1 8,! ,rivulet20 selection1 8,! ,autumn ,woods20 essay1 ,bryant & 8 ,contempor>ies2 selection1 8,! ,plant+ ( ! ,apple ,tree20 selection1 8,! ,cr[d$ ,/reet20 essay1 ,bryant1 ! ,poet2 analytical /udy ( ! 8,we/ ,w9d20 que/ions prep>$ by ! presid5t4 ,sad news & a beautiful tribute to ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 come to u f ,,waupan1 ,,wis41 :5ce ! secret>y writes3 8,our ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 op5s ?is ye> ) add$ en?usiasm 9 its memb]%ip1 & an increas+ numb]4 ,! ,bryant ,memorial ,day 0 obs]v$ 9 a fitt+ mann] by s5tim5ts1 read+s1 discussion1 & a biographical sket*1 all be>+ ^u ! great poet4 ,! selections & topics 7 9 accord ) our feel+s1 z we _h j met ) our fir/ loss s9ce organiz+ five ye>s ago1 9 ! dea? ( "o ( our y\nge/ & brighte/ memb]s1 ,mrs4 ,j5nie ,we$ ,h9kley4 ,z we review ! life ( our belov$ si/]1 we c see a symmetry & beauty ( "* t ne$$ no fur!r lights & %ades4 ,our /udies make u bett] mo!rs & h\sekeep]s1 bett] able to take our places 9 ! pray] meet+1 bett] able to guide our *ildr51 & to und]/& ! "w !y d 9 ! s*ool room40----,! 8,pansy0 class ( ,,sp>ta1 ,,wis41 also s5ds its greet+s to all ! memb]s ( ! ,p's ,college4 ,a fri5d tell+ ! /ory ( ! circle says3 8,our little ,sp>tan class pass$ ?r\gh ! fir/ ye> ( its exi/5ce )\t a break 9 ! circle1 & pr(it+ by ! favorable circum/ances1 obs]v$ among o!rs1 ,%aksp]e ,memorial ,day ) m ?an ! ord9>y prep>ation1 clos+ ) a basket picnic1 s]v$ at ! h\se ( "o ( ! memb]s4 ,?is ye>1 h[ev]1 sickness has ov]tak5 two ( ! memb]s1 & "o /ill rema9s an invalid2 nev]!less1 our progress has be5 /eady4 ,we h obs]v$ ,bryant's & ,milton's ,days by int]e/+ ex]cises40 ,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 is com+ well to ! front ?is ye> 9 ,,/4 ,,paul1 ,,m9n4 ,! ye> 0 begun by a lecture f ,dr4 ,v9c5t on ,monday ev5+1 ,octob] #f?1 on ! 8,*autauqua ,idea40 ,?is ar\s$ ! en?usiasm ( ! old ,*autauquans & br\ght 9 a l>ge addition ( new memb]s4 ,on ,?ursday ev5+1 ,octob] #bc;d1 ! 8,pione]0 circle 0 reorganiz$ ) n9ete5 memb]s1 :i* h s9ce become tw5ty-five4 ,on ,monday ev5+1 ,novemb] #c;d 7,bryant ,day71 ! 8,canadian ,am]ican0 circle 0 =m$1 ) t5 memb]s4 ,!re h be5 at lea/ f\r o!r circles =m$1 ) a memb]%ip ( ab\t eighty4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,novemb] #bg?1 ,?anksgiv+ night1 ! 8,pione]0 circle held its regul> meet+ 9 ! p>lors ( ! ,fir/ ,m4 ,e4 ,*ur*4 ,all ! o!r circles 9 ! city 7 repres5t$1 ab\t eighty p]sons be+ pres5t4 ,among ! o!r visitors !y 7 delight$ to welcome ,pr(4 ,j4 ,l4 ,corn+1 ( ,ocean ,grove1 ,n4 ,j41 a "n well kn[n to all ,*autauquans4 ,8 address on ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 at ,ocean ,grove & ! ,*autauqua ,univ]sity 0 bo? in/ructive & enjoyable4 ,! program 0 9 celebration ( bo? ,bryant & ,?anksgiv+ ,days1 & includ$ essays on ,bryant's life & works & ! orig9 ( ,?anksgiv+ day1 ) selections f ,bryant's works & ,?anksgiv+ day poems4 ,altoge!r ! ev5+ 0 a v pleasant "o4 ,!y are mak+ arrangem5ts = =m+ a c5tral circle some:at aft] ! plan ( ! ,toronto c5tral circle & ! ,troy circle4 ,?ree new circles are report$ ?is mon? f ,,i[a4 ,at ,,wapello a circle ( five memb]s2 at ,,p>k]sburg "o ( n9e memb]s2 & at ,,elvira1 "o ( t54 ,ea* reports ! "w z a delightful revelation1 & expresses ! hope t !y may be able to l>gely increase _! numb]s4----,9 ! fall ( #ahhc a circle 0 organiz$ 9 ,,miss\ri ,,valley1 ,,i[a4 ,x consi/$ ( "s fifte5 memb]s1 "s ( :om1 = want ( "t1 fail$ to d ! read+4 ,dur+ ! pa/ ye> a numb] ( ! memb]s left ! t[n1 "o ( :om--,presid5t ,sab9e--graduat$ 9 ! class ( #ahhd4 ,?\gh ! class is scatt]$1 sev]al are do+ ! read+4 ,we are always p>ticul>ly glad to he> f ! ,,blue ,,grass ,,/ate1 p]haps because our fri5ds !re h n s5t u frequ5t reports4 ,?is mon? a fri5d writes ( ! circle at ,,h>d5sburg3 8,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ( ?is place is prosecut+ its "w ) unabat+ en]gy & zeal4 ,we organiz$ e>ly 9 ,septemb]1 ) eighte5 memb]s1 t we might be entirely ready = ,op5+ ,day4 ,h[ev]1 !re 0 s mu* sev]e illness 9 our t[n1 & especially among "s ( ! fri5ds ( our circle1 t x 0 late 9 ! ,circle ye> be=e we did any?+ m t[>d hav+ a meet+4 ,:5 at la/ ?r\gh ! ,fa!r's provid5ce we 7 p]mitt$ to meet aga91 we f\nd t ne>ly e memb] _h #8read up' to date4 ,we meet on ,tuesday ev5+ ( ea* week & c>ry out ! program z furni%$ = ea* week 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,we keep ea* memorial day40 ,ano!r ,s\!rn /ate to report is ,,l\isiana4 ,f ,,lake ,,provid5ce ?is lett] comes3 8,we h tw5ty-two memb]s betwe5 fifte5 & tw5ty-"o ye>s old4 ,we meet once a week2 at roll call ea* answ]s by recit+1 #8,we /udy ! ,^w & works ( ,god1' #8,let u keep our ,heav5ly ,fa!r 9 ! mid/1' #8,nev] be disc\rag$4' ,we assign lessons f ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 c\rse = ea* week z giv5 by ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,9 our class ! memb] :o is mo/ att5tive1 ^: conduct is be/1 :o le>ns ! lessons recit$ mo/ ?or\ghly1 is made presid5t ( ! class4 ,! places ( vice presid5t1 secret>y1 etc41 are fill$ 9 ?is way4 ,! lessons :i* h be5 memoriz$ by p>ticul> memb]s1 are le>n$ at _! recital by ! o!r memb]s :o 7 n appo9t$ to le>n ^! lessons4 ,9 ?is way ! "w is done ?or\ghly1 & = h\rs ! int]e/ & en?usiasm d n cool2 h[ev]1 we *ange f "o /udy to ano!r to prev5t any f becom+ monoton\s4 ,n9ete5 memb]s ( our circle are college /ud5ts1 b = ! mo/ ( !m ?is w be _! la/ ye> at s*ool2 s we are try+ to fill !m ) ! ,*autauqua _s ( le>n+1 morality1 tru? & ,*ri/ian wor?1 t x may l+] ) !m & develop !m ?r\gh all ! future into /rong & true1 noble & pure womanhood & manhood4 ,hav+ e/abli%$ ?is circle among ! "y1 we are n[ work+ to orig9ate "o among ! gr[n4 ,we talk ( x a great deal 9 our social life2 h induc$ eight to become memb]s ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 & hope to l>gely increase ! numb]s40 ,,spr+field1 ,,miss\ri1 s5ds ! foll[+ int]e/+ hi/ory3 8,9 ,octob]1 #ahhc1 a wave ( ,*autauqua en?usiasm rea*$ our beautiful city ( ! ,oz>ks4 ,?r\gh ! influ5ce ( two or ?ree en]getic ladies1 x result$ 9 ! organization ( ! #8,que5 ,city' circle ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,! circle began ) a memb]%ip ( fifte5 ladies1 repres5t+ eight religi\s d5om9ations4 ,regul> meet+s 7 held once a week1 all ! memorial days kept1 & ! ye>'s "w f9i%$ 9 ,june4 ,9 ,octob]1 #ahhd1 our circle 0 reorganiz$ ) ! same (fic]s4 ,our memb]s return$ full ( en?usiasm & ready = "w4 ,on ,op5+ ,day we endeavor$ to lay be=e our new memb]s & visitors--hav+ op5$ our doors to all int]e/$--! object1 ! magnitude & ! bless+ ( ! #8,*autauqua ,idea4' ,^? int]e/$1 & o!rs to :om ! #8,idea' 0 entirely new caught ! en?usiasm1 & _m applications = memb]%ip 7 pres5t$ f bo? g5tlem5 & ladies4 ,z ! #8,que5 ,city' circle is a woman's circle exclusively1 hold+ its meet+s 9 ! aft]noon1 x 0 ?\ght be/ to organize ano!r circle1 to :i* bo? ladies & g5tlem5 c\ld be admitt$4 ,on ,bryant's ,day ! new circle 0 =m$1 ) a memb]%ip ( ?irty-"o4 ,_! meet+s w be held on ,tuesday ev5+ ( ea* week4 ,x is ! int5tion ( ! two circles to "w toge!r z closely z possible4 ,! #8,que5 ,city' circle meets once a week 9 a pleasant p>lor1 :i* we owe to ! c\rtesy ( "o ( our memb]s4 ,we /udy ! read+s = ! week ?or\ghly4 ,topics are assign$ by our in/ruction committee a week 9 advance = special /udy1 great] rese>* & m ?\ght be+ ?us br\ght to be> ^u ! lesson4 ,criticism ^u pronunciation1 inaccuracies ( spee*1 etc41 is unsp>+ly giv5 to all4 ,we are try+ to make ?or\gh /udy ( our text-book on #8,p>liam5t>y ,practice1' & endeavor to obs]ve all ! rules ( a delib]ative body4 ,our "w is bo? pr(itable & delightful1 & ,i ?9k x safe to say t our circle c nev] langui%4 ,already ! '#hgs are liv+ 9 joyful anticipation ( ! day :5 !y w be p]mitt$ to pass b5ea? ! ,ar*es at ,*autauqua40----,a ^w also comes f ,,kansas ,,city4 ,!re are six circles !re1 ! olde/ ( :i* is ! 8,kansas ,city0 circle1 ^: int]e/ 0 s great t ! weekly meet+s 7 kept up dur+ la/ summ]1 )\t any vacation4 ,octob] #a/1 !y reorganiz$1 ) a memb]%ip ( tw5ty-five4 ,two graduates are read+ ) ?is circle ?is ye>4 ,a pleasant acc\nt ( "w done 9 ! int]e/ ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 has rea*$ our table f ,,hiawa?a1 ,,kansas4 ,a graduate ( ! class ( '#hd x comes f3 8,i h talk$ ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 to my fri5ds until ,i h decl>$ t x w soon be necess>y = me to get a new tongue4 ,i w5t to our editor to-day & ask$ 8 assi/ance 9 spread+ ! "w4 ,he has k9dly cons5t$ to pr9t :atev] we wi%4 ,!re are _m ?+s 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan t w\ld enlight5 ! p conc]n+ ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4--:at x is1 & :at x is do+--b ! v ones :o mo/ ne$ ?is in=mation d n take ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,by ! assi/ance ( our editor we c br+ ?is k to ! p4 ,i tell my fri5ds t ,i c n help be+ en?usia/ic on ?is subject1 because ,i am an #8,irrepressible4' ,a #8,pione]' & an #8,inv9cible' mov$ to our t[n ?is fall4 ,beside ^! we h a few #8,progressives1' #8,pansies1' & #8,plym\? ,rocks4' ,we meet 9 "o ( ! (fices 9 ! c\rt h\se = our regul> meet+s--x be+ a m c5tral po9t = all--b ,i invit$ ! circle to my home = a late meet+4 ,i wi%$ to %[ !m ! gr[? ( ! ,p]sian empire & ,alex&]'s dom9ions z pictur$ on ,adams's #8,syn*ronological ,*>t4' ,i b\ght "o ?is summ] at ,*autauqua4 ,s9ce my return ,i made an easel = ! *>t ( h>d p9e1 op5-mortis$ f\r cross-pieces1 on two ( :i* ,i fa/5$ ! *>t1 & *amf]$ ! edges4 ,! bo>ds 7 #89 ! r\gh' :5 ,i took !m1 b ,i smoo!d !m1 s&-pap]$ & oil$ !m1 !n black5$ ! *amf]$ edges & v>ni%$ ! easel4 ,sev]al c>p5t]s h exam9$ my "w & all say my jo9+ is p]fect & ! "w well done1 & yet ,i nev] h&l$ tools until ,i w5t to ,*autauqua la/ summ] & took in/ructions40----,a new circle has be5 organiz$ at ,,h>t=d1 ,,kansas4 ,x consi/s ( sev5te5 memb]s1 repres5t+ a v>iety ( pr(essions & employm5ts4 ,! "w has prov5 pleasant & pr(itable to !m ?us f>4 ,"r glad we are to he> f ,,nebraska4 ,a breezy lett] comes f ! circle at ,,york1 9 :i* ! writ] tells u3 8,we h tw5ty-f\r memb]s4 ,we feel q enc\rag$ :5 we rememb] t we began la/ ye> ) only f\r4 ,ne>ly e meet+ adds a new "n to our roll4 ,our memb]s are all en?usia/ic & 9 e>ne/1 pref]r+ to let any?+ else g r ?an miss "o #8,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4' ,i really ?9k no?+ less ?an a #8,nebraska blizz>d' or cyclone w\ld keep "s ( our memb]s away4 ,we pursu$ ! ,*autauqua plan ( que/ions & answ]s la/ ye> v successfully1 & are proce$+ 9 ! same way ?is ye>1 al?\gh our programs v>y accord+ to ! option ( ! lead]4 ,ea* memb] leads 9 ! ord] 8 "n /&s on ! secret>y's roll4 ,9 ?is way ! timid ones ( our circle are br\ght out4 ,we usually h writt5 que/ions on ! read+s 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan2 !y are ei!r h&$ to ! secret>y to be read1 or ex*ang$4 ,we are =tunate 9 hav+ a pr(essor ( our college z a memb]1 & j n[ he is mak+ ! /udy ( *emi/ry v int]e/+ & pleasant4 ,we c]ta9ly d appreciate our ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c40 ,,wyom+ ,,t]ritory is ! we/]n limit ( our circle travels = ,febru>y4 ,at ,,*ey5ne1 ! 8,j4 ,l4 ,taylor0 circle organiz$ 9 #ahhc has reorganiz$ ) a memb]%ip ( twelve4 ,! secret>y writes3 8,:ile we are all "y p1 hav+ _m daily duties & c>es1 our int]e/ 9 ,*autauqua /eadily increases1 z we feel x broad5s our outlook ov] ! _w1 & draws u ne>] & ne>] to our ideal ( a high] life4 ,we hope to be able to report mu* good "w done 9 ! future--z we feel t we c n /op ) only mod]ate endeavors40 ,,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,classes4 ,,class ,,( #ahhe4 8,press on1 rea*+ aft] ^? ?+s :i* are be=e40 ,,(fic]s4 ,presid5t--,j4 ,b4 ,und]wood1 ,m]id51 ,conn4 ,vice ,presid5t--,c4 ,m4 ,ni*ols1 ,spr+field1 ,ohio4 ,treasur]--,miss ,c>rie ,h>t1 ,aurora1 ,ind4 ,secret>y--,miss ,m4 ,m4 ,canfield1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,executive ,committee--,(fic]s ( ! class4 ,class badges may be procur$ ( ei!r ,presid5t or ,treasur]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! badges = '#he1 phnix-l1 h ris5 f _! a%es & c n[ be furni%$ promptly4 99 99 99 99 99 ,presid5t ,und]wood w\ld be glad if circles compos$ ( memb]s ( ! ,class ( '#he w\ld in=m him ( _! exi/5ce & s5d "n ( presid5t & secret>y1 t he may visit !m :5 possible4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,canadian classmate writes3 8,i am prosecut+ my /udies 9 connection ) ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 all alone 9 a remote corn] ( our c\ntry1 & f9d my greate/ pleasure 9 hold+ communion ) ! good & great ( ! pres5t & pa/ ages4 ,i am well pleas$ ) ! motto = our class & hope to be among ^? :o v]ify its appropriat5ess by pass+ ?r\gh ! ,gates next summ] at ,*autauqua40 99 99 99 99 99 ,"o memb] ( '#he writes3 8,hav+ j read ! ,decemb] column ( '#he 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 h conclud$ to %[ my en?usiasm by s5d+ = our colors40 ,we c all say am5 to ?is3 8,please place my "n on ! roll ( ! ,inv9cibles1 & may ,god = de> ,jesus' sake help u all to #8,press on1 rea*+ aft] ^? ?+s :i* are be=e4'0 99 99 99 99 99 ,ano!r says3 8,al?\gh ,i 0 ne>ly fifty ye>s ( age :5 ,i comm5c$ /udy 9 ?is way1 yet am greatly int]e/$ & love x m & m4 ,i hope to #8press on1 rea*+ aft] ^? ?+s :i* are be=e1' until ,i c /& 9 ! imm$iate pres5ce ( ,him :om my s\l love?40 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,k5tucky comes ?is te/imony3 8,i am hop+ to be able1 lit]ally1 to #8pass ?r\gh ! ,gates' next ,augu/ & receive f ,*ancellor ,v9c5t my diploma4 ,i 0 at ,*autauqua 9 '#hc1 & w n be cont5t till ,i g aga94 ,my int]e/ & en?usiasm increase z ! f\r ye>s draw to a close4 ,dur+ ?is "t ,i h pursu$ my /udies alone1 hav+ fail$ entirely to =m ev5 a #8/raight l9e' 9 my neighborhood1 five miles f ,v]sailles4 ,al?\gh ,i w\ld d\btless h enjoy$ be+ connect$ ) a circle1 ,i "k t /udy+ ! c\rse1 ev5 alone1 has v greatly b5efit$ me4 ,"o ( ^! b5efits1 & by no means ! lea/1 has be5 ! increas+ & /r5g!n+ ( my ta/e = solid read+40 99 99 99 99 99 ,,new ,,york4--8,i h (t5 wi%$ t ,i c\ld express my gratitude =1 & appreciation (1 my ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 /udies & associations1 b :5 ,i attempt x my li/ ( adjectives seems all too meag] & inadequate4 ,s9ce tak+ up ! c\rse1 life & all t p]ta9s to x assume a diff]5t aspect4 ,i h ga9$ an outlook :i* gives life a *>m & attractiv5ess ( :i* ,i _h nev] dream$4 ,i _h pass$ my =ty-fif? ye> :5 ,i compreh5d$ ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 plan suffici5tly to see t x 0 = su* illit]ate p z ,i4 ,! b5efits ,i h receiv$ are pa/ computation40 99 99 99 99 99 ,our ,class ,memorial to our lov$ alma mat] mu/ n be =gott54 ,we want to prep>e = a memorial1 a pres5t wor?y our "n & aim4 ,fifty-five 7#ee7 names h up to ?is "t be5 s5t to ! treasur]1 ) contributions to ! class fund 7"s s5d+ m ?an ! am\nt reque/$74 ,t is b a small beg9n+ ( ! hundr$s to he> f4 ,,class ,,( '#hf4 8,we /udy = light1 to bless ) light40 ,,class ,,organization4 ,presid5t--,! ,rev4 ,b4 ,p4 ,sn[1 ,bidde=d1 ,ma9e4 ,vice ,presid5ts--,! ,rev4 ,j4 ,c4 ,:itley1 ,salisbury1 ,m>yl&2 ,mr4 ,l4 ,f4 ,h\ghton1 ,peoria1 ,ill9ois2 ,mr4 ,walt] ,y4 ,morgan1 ,clevel&1 ,ohio2 ,mrs4 ,delia ,br[ne1 ,l\isville1 ,k5tucky2 ,miss ,flor5ce ,f9*1 ,pale/9e1 ,texas4 ,secret>y--,! ,rev4 ,w4 ,l4 ,au/91 ,new ,albany1 ,ind4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! (fic]s ( '#hf s5d greet+ to _! classmates & co-work]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! new class badge w soon be ready to s5d out4 ,! color ( ! badge rema9s ! same1 b ! class emblem & motto w be add$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,colorado--,durango--comes ?is enc\rag+ bit ( class news3 8,we h elev5 memb]s 9 our class & are pursu+ our /udies ?is w9t] ) unabat$ int]e/4 ,belong+ to ! class ( '#hf1 we mean to be true to ! "n #8,progressives4' ,we hold our meet+s e ,monday ev5+1 & foll[ ! program laid out 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,!re seems to be a gr[+ int]e/ 9 ! ,*autauqua "w1 & we hope to h ano!r class organiz$ 9 our little t[n be=e _m mon?s4 ,! memb]s ( ! pres5t class are busy work]s1 tea*]s1 mo!rs & h\sekeep]s1 b !y h cont9u$ ! c\rse ) increas+ int]e/ to ?is ! ?ird ye>1 & purpose f9i%+ ! full c\rse40 ,,class ,,( #ahhg4--8,,! ,,pansies40 8,neglect n ! gift t is 9 !e40 ,,(fic]s4 ,presid5t--,! ,rev4 ,frank ,russell1 ,mansfield1 ,ohio4 ,we/]n ,secret>y--,k4 ,a4 ,burnell1 ,esq41 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,ea/]n ,secret>y--,j4 ,a4 ,/ev51 ,m4,d41 ,h>t=d1 ,conn4 ,treasur]--,ei!r ,secret>y1 f ei!r ( :om badges may be procur$4 ,executive ,committee--,! (fic]s ( ! class4 ,class pap] may be procur$ f ,mr4 ,h5ry ,h>t1 ,atlanta1 ,ga4 ,! ,canadian ,pansies are do+ good "w 9 ! promotion ( ! ,*autauqua ,idea4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! leaves swung lazily & sl[1 ,! w9d humm$ l[ its rev]ie1 ,*autauqua bells ) lov+ *ime ,peal$ =? _! sweete/ melody4 ,_! qua9t1 weird music roll+ on1 ,m+l+ ) heav5's azure ray1 ,enwrapp$ ! e>? ) bright1 new joy2 ,x 0 our 8,pansies'0 natal day4 ,remembrance fond br+s back ! h\r ,:5 on our brea/ ! pansy blue ,we plac$1 ) e>ne/1 f]v5t pray] ,t to its tru/ we might be true4 ,aga91 aga91 & yet aga91 ,our wid5+ circle grew apace2 ,& pansies bloom$ on e side2 ,nor?1 ,s\? & ,we/ ea* claim$ a place4 ,& n[ a ye> ) hurri$ tread1 ,has pac$ its t9y cycle r\nd1 ,girdl$ ) mom5ts ri*ly sp5t ,9 w&]+s on classic gr\nd4 ,me?9ks we sc>ce c\ld well h cr[n$ ,! ye> agone ) ri*] gems ,?an ^! bright visions ( ! pa/1 ,?o' cull$ f mon>*'s diadems4 ,a goodly company our b&-- ,twice sev5 ?\s& n[ we claim2 ,& purpose ) a royal love ,?ro' e l& to spread its fame4 ,t9t$ is ! horizon's rim ,) wisdom's deep1 e!real blue1 ,yet all may rea* its %9+ goal1 ,if firm _! tru/ & true4 ,e'en ?\gh ! pa? may rugg$ be1 ,& l5g!n+ %ad[s b> ! way1 ,onw>d we'll press ) firm] zeal1 ,kn[+ success %all cr[n ! day4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,new ,engl& ,bran* ( ! ,pansy class held its reunion ,novemb] #bh? 9 ! ,p's ,*ur* 9 ,bo/on4 ,! fir/ h\r1 f "o to two p4 m41 0 sp5t 9 social enjoym5t4 ,pr(4 ,%]w9 !n introduc$ himself 9 "o ( 8 *>act]i/ic spee*es & conclud$ by pres5t+ ! ,new ,engl& presid5t1 ! ,rev4 ,f4 ,m4 ,g>dn]4 ,he 0 unkn[n to _m ( ! memb]s1 z he 0 elect$ on ! la/ day ( ! ,fram+ham ,assembly1 :5 _m ( ! class _h gone home4 ,! presid5t made an appropriate & pleas+ address4 ,! secret>y1 ,miss ,corey1 !n read h] report4 ,! pupils ( ! ,bo/on ,cons]vatory ( ,music1 "u ! direction ( ,pr(4 ,%]w91 gave a delightful musical ent]ta9m5t4 ,at ! close ( ! musical program ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,w4 ,hamilton1 pa/or ( ! *ur*1 address$ ! class 9 a v happy & int]e/+ mann]4 ,a class poem 0 read by ,miss ,nell ,rob9son1 ( ,l[ell1 ,mass41 :i* f9ds its place 9 ?is ,pansy column ?is mon?4 ,aft] "s bus9ess ! meet+ 0 clos$ by s++ a ,*autauqua song4 ,ne>ly "o hundr$ & fifty 7 pres5t at ?is meet+4 ,dur+ ! session ! secret>y call$ att5tion to ! samples ( class pap] :i* _h be5 s5t on f ,atlanta by direction ( ! committee appo9t$ at ,*autauqua la/ summ]4 ,! samples met ! approval ( ^? pres5t4 ,,class ,,( #ahhh4--8,,! ,,plym\? ,,rocks40 8,let u be se5 by our de$s40 ,,class ,,organization4 ,presid5t--,! ,rev4 ,a4 ,e4 ,dunn+4 ,vice ,presid5ts--,pr(4 ,w4 ,n4 ,ellis1 ,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y42 ! ,rev4 ,wm4 ,g4 ,rob]ts1 ,bellevue1 ,ohio4 ,secret>y--,miss ,m4 ,e4 ,taylor1 ,clevel&1 ,ohio4 ,treasur]--,miss ,m4 ,e4 ,taylor1 ,clevel&1 ,ohio4 99 99 99 99 99 ,all items = ?is column %\ld be s5t to ! ,rev4 ,c4 ,c4 ,mc,lean1 ,jacksonville1 ,florida4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,class ( '#hh w und\bt$ly increase its num]ical /r5g? at ! ,florida ,*autauqua1 to be held at ,lake ,de ,funiak1 ,febru>y #aj? to ,m>* #i?1 #ahhe4 99 99 99 99 99 ,miss ,ella ,pe>sall1 ! secret>y1 writes t 9 ,octob] a ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 0 organiz$ 9 ,matteawau1 ,new ,york1 tak+ z its motto1 8,labor & ,progress40 99 99 99 99 99 ,"o f ,new ,hav51 ,conn41 writes object+ to our "n1 8,plym\? ,rock40 99 99 99 99 99 ,mrs4 ,c4 ,h4 ,pike1 ( ,new ,hav51 ,conn41 in=ms u t at "o ( _! meet+s1 !y made successful exp]im5ts 9 *emi/ry1 be=e a delight$ audi5ce4 ,speaks well = our '#hhs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,rev4 ,h4 ,l4 ,brickett1 ( ,l9nfield ,c5t]1 ,mass41 class '#hh1 0 appo9t$ z a committee ( "o to conf] ) ! granite companies ( ,new ,engl& 9 reg>d to a base ( granite = ! propos$ new ,hall ( ,philosophy at ,*autauqua1 & has be5 successful 9 hav+ donat$ "o f ! be/ granite1 to be highly poli%$1 be>+ our "n1 monogram1 motto1 & ye> ( our class4 ,x is valu$ at #ajj4 ,we ext5d to him1 9 ! "n ( ! 8,plym\? ,rocks10 ! '#hhs1 m ?an ?anks4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,dunn+1 ( ,bo/on1 has cons5t$ to deliv] ! address at our fir/ annual 8spread0 9 ,augu/ next4 99 99 99 99 99 ,/ation]y & badges = '#hh may be secur$ ( ,h5ry ,h>t1 ,atlanta1 ,ga4 99 99 99 99 99 ,good = '#hh4 ,9 ! eight or t5 circles f\nd 9 ,/4 ,paul1 ,m9n41 ab\t f\r fif?s ( ! memb]s are ( ! class ( '#hh4 ,,que/ions ,,& ,,answ]s4 ,,que/ions ,,& ,,answ]s ,,on 8,,college ,,greek ,,c\rse ,,9 ,,engli%10 8,,*emi/ry10 ,,& 8,,h[ ,,to ,,help ,,! ,,poor40 ,,by ,a4 ,m4 ,,m>t91 ,g5]al ,secret>y ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,i4--,,tw5ty-,,five ,,que/ions ,,& ,,answ]s ,,on 8,,college ,,greek ,,c\rse ,,9 ,,engli%0--,,f ,,page #hc ,,to ,,page #ahg4 #a4 ,q4 ,:o is =emo/ among ,greek philosoph]s8 ,a4 ,socrates4 #b4 ,q4 ,:o is =emo/ ( ,greek philosophical writ]s8 ,a4 ,plato4 #c4 ,q4 ,:at f\r works h be5 ! fruit1 direct or indirect1 ( ,plato's 8,republic80 ,a4 ,cic]o's 8,de ,republica10 ,/4 ,augu/9e's 8,city ( ,god10 ,sir ,?omas ,m's 8,utopia10 & ,bacon's 8,new ,atlantis40 #d4 ,q4 ,9 any j repres5tation ( ,plato1 :o c\ld n b be a v conspicu\s figure8 ,a4 ,socrates4 #e4 ,q4 ,9 ! fir/ extract giv5 f ,plato's 8,republic10 :at does ! speak]1 ,glaucon1 und]take to set =? = ,socrates to ov]?r[8 ,a4 ,a notion :i* he av]s to be curr5t & accept$ among m51 t inju/ice is bett] policy ?an ju/ice4 #f4 ,q4 ,f ! discussion ( ! nature ( ju/ice & inju/ice1 to :at does ,plato make a v unexpect$ passage8 ,a4 ,to t =m ( discussion :i* has giv5 its "n to ! 8,republic0--! ideal /ate4 #g4 ,q4 ,:o has rec5tly made a s*ol>ly & adequate translation ( ,plato's entire works into ,engli%8 ,a4 ,mr4 ,j[ett4 #h4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! s-/yl$ 8,platonic love0 def9$ 9 ! 8,republic80 ,a4 8,a fri5d %\ld use no o!r famili>ity to 8 love ?an a fa!r w\ld use to 8 son1 & ?is only = a virtu\s end1 & he mu/ fir/ h ! o!r's cons5t40 #i4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! 8,socratic dmon0 to :i* ,plato alludes 9 8 8,republic80 ,a4 ,a b5ign & b5efic5t influ5ce--a k9d ( div9ity )9 him t gov]n$ ! conduct ( ,socrates4 #aj4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! ,timu ( ,plato describ$8 ,a4 ,z ( all ! writ+s ( ,plato ! mo/ obscure & mo/ repulsive to mod]n read]s1 :ile ! mo/ influ5tial ( all ov] ! anci5t & m$ival _w4 #aa4 ,q4 ,:at are "s ( ! o!r be/ kn[n works ( ,plato8 ,a4 8,! ,laws10 ! 8,symposium10 ! 8,phdrus10 ! 8,gorgias10 & ! 8,p>m5ides40 #ab4 ,q4 ,:at is ! "n ( ! dialogue 9 :i* ,plato tells ( ! end ( ,socrates8 ,a4 ,! 8,phd40 #ac4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! s5t5ce ( antiquity 9 reg>d to ,plato8 ,a4 ,t ,zeus1 if he _h spok5 ,greek1 w\ld h spok5 x l ,plato4 #ad4 ,q4 ,:o 0 a di/+ui%$ pupil ( ,plato8 ,a4 ,ari/otle1 & 9 influ5ce on human ?\ght he equal$ & rival$ 8 ma/]4 #ae4 ,q4 ,h[ does our au?or /ate ! diff]5ce betwe5 anci5t trag$y & mod]n1 9 a s+le anti!tical s5t5ce8 ,a4 ,mod]n trag$y pres5ts real life idealiz$2 anci5t trag$y pres5ts an ideal life realiz$4 #af4 ,q4 ,:at did ,greek trag$y h = its *ief purpose8 ,a4 ,to tea*4 #ag4 ,q4 ,h[ 7 ,greek trag$ies repres5t$8 ,a4 ,by daylight1 9 ! op5 air1 be=e assemblages t numb]$ _! t5s ( ?\s&s ( spectators4 #ah4 ,q4 ,:at is said ( ! dress ( ! actors8 ,a4 ,! actors wore masks on _! faces & busk9s on _! feet4 ,beside ?is !y wore a k9d ( wig design$ to make !m look tall]1 & dress$ ) padd+ to make !m look l>g]4 #ai4 ,q4 ,:o 7 ! ?ree ma/]s ( ,greek trag$y8 ,a4 s*ylus1 ,sophocles & ,euripides4 #bj4 ,q4 ,:5 & :]e 0 s*ylus born8 ,a4 ,9 #ebe ,b4 ,c41 9 an ,attic village ne> ,a!ns4 #ba4 ,q4 ,9 ! pres5t volume1 f :at trag$y ( s*ylus are selections pres5t$8 ,a4 8,prome!us ,b\nd40 #bb4 ,q4 ,:o 0 ,prome!us8 ,a4 ,a my?ical be+ ( sup]human rank1 :o /ole fire f heav5 & br\ght x to m54 ,= ?is (f5se aga9/ ,zeus he 0 condemn$ to be *a9$ alive to a rocky cliff 9 ! ,caucasus4 #bc4 ,q4 ,:at o!r great tragic poet 0 contempor>y ) s*ylus8 ,a4 ,sophocles4 #bd4 ,q4 ,f :at ma/]piece ( ,sophocles are ! selections ( ! pres5t volume made8 ,a4 8dipus ,tyrannus1 or dipus ! ,k+40 #be4 ,q4 ,h[ is ?is trag$y consid]$ by1 p]haps1 ! majority ( qualifi$ critics8 ,a4 ,to be n only ! be/ "w ( ,sophocles1 b ! 8bright1 consummate fl[]0 ( all ,greek trag$y4 ,,ii4--,,tw5ty-,,five ,,que/ions ,,& ,,answ]s ,,on 8,,*emi/ry0--,,f ,,beg9n+ ,,( ,,book ,,to ,,page #hd4 #bf4 ,q4 ,( :at does *emi/ry treat8 ,a4 ,all k9ds ( mat]ial sub/ances4 #bg4 ,q4 ,:at is said ( ! numb] ( ! v>i\s k9ds ( matt] already exi/+ on our e>?8 ,a4 ,! numb] is s great t ! v>i\s k9ds h nev] be5 s mu* z c\nt$1 mu* less describ$1 9 any li/ or volume4 #bh4 ,q4 ,( :at are all ?+s kn[n to *emi/s made up8 ,a4 ,a few simple sub/ances1 ei!r exi/+ alone or 9 ri*ly v>i\s comb9ations4 #bi4 ,q4 ,:at are call$ *emical elem5ts1 & :at comp\nds8 ,a4 ,! simple/ sub/ances :5 alone are call$ ! *emical elem5ts1 or elem5t>y sub/ances2 ! ?+s result+ :5 diff]5t elem5ts are unit$ are call$ comp\nds4 #cj4 ,q4 ,:at does ! two-fold "* ( *emical /udy involve8 ,a4 ,fir/1 ! exam9ation ( elem5t>y sub/ances & _! comp\nds4 ,second1 a consid]ation ( ! _m g5]al & special laws & =ces :i* det]m9e ! v>i\s possible comb9ations4 #ca4 ,q4 ,h[ _m elem5t>y sub/ances are !re n[ g5]ally recogniz$ z su*8 ,a4 ,sixty-six4 #cb4 ,q4 ,ab\t h[ _m ( ! elem5ts possess names t are famili> to ord9>y read]s8 ,a4 ,ab\t "o six? ( !m4 #cc4 ,q4 ,( :at two elem5t>y sub/ances is x probable t ?ree f\r?s ( our globe is compos$8 ,a4 ,( oxyg5 "o half1 & ( silicon "o f\r?4 #cd4 ,q4 ,:at g5]al "n is giv5 to mo/ ( ! elem5ts8 ,a4 ,metals4 #ce4 ,q4 ,:at symbol & :at weight has ea* elem5t8 ,a4 ,an atomic symbol & an atomic weight4 #cf4 ,q4 ,h[ is an atom ( ea* elem5t>y sub/ance designat$8 ,a4 ,by a symbol1 usually ! initial lett] ( ! native or ,lat9 "n ( ! sub/ance4 #cg4 ,q4 ,:at are ?ree prop]ties an elem5t>y sub/ance accept$ z a metal %\ld possess8 ,a4 ,x mu/ possess ! prop]ty ( exi/+ 9 a solid condition2 x %\ld possess ! metallic lu/]2 & x %\ld possess ! p[] & t5d5cy to readily =m a *emical union ) oxyg54 #ch4 ,q4 ,:at are call$ b9>y & :at t]n>y comp\nds8 ,a4 ,comp\nds hav+ only two k9ds ( elem5ts are call$ b9>ies4 ,comp\nds hav+ ?ree k9ds ( elem5ts are call$ t]n>ies4 #ci4 ,q4 ,:at f\r b9>y comp\nds are giv5 z examples8 ,a4 ,hydric *loride1 sulphur di-oxide1 sulphur tri-oxide1 & plumbic oxide4 #dj4 ,q4 ,"u :at two heads are ! pr9cipal t]n>ies gr\p$8 ,a4 ,acids & salts4 #da4 ,q4 ,:at are ! two pr9cipal t]n>y acids us$ by *emi/s8 ,a4 ,nitric acid & sulphuric acid4 #db4 ,q4 ,:at is meant by ! t]m atom8 ,a4 ,x is t portion ( any k9d ( matt] t is to human be+s indivisible 9 fact4 #dc4 ,q4 ,) :at invisible1 occult p[] is ea* atom & ea* molecule end[$8 ,a4 ,a p[] call$ *emical aff9ity4 #dd4 ,q4 ,:at are ?ree ( ! peculi>ities ( *emical aff9ity8 ,a4 ,ea* k9d ( atom has its peculi> *emical aff9ities4 ,ea* atom has a c]ta9 equival5ce or atom-fix+ p[]4 ,*emical *anges produce /rik+ results4 #de4 ,q4 ,:at is ! mo/ common way ( produc+ hydrog58 ,a4 ,by br++ toge!r sulphuric acid & z9c4 #df4 ,q4 ,:at are "s ( ! prop]ties ( hydrog5 z a gas8 ,a4 ,x is colorless1 odorless1 ta/eless1 &1 bulk = bulk1 x is ! lighte/ sub/ance kn[n 9 nature4 #dg4 ,q4 ,:at is ! mo/ int]e/+ *emical prop]ty ( hydrog58 ,a4 ,its p[] to unite ) oxyg54 #dh4 ,q4 ,:at is said ( ! uses to :i* hydrog5 may be put8 ,a4 ,z an elem5t>y gas x f9ds b few applications 9 ! arts4 #di4 ,q4 ,= :at /&>ds is hydrog5 us$ by *emi/s8 ,a4 ,z ! /&>d ( equival5ce or atom-fix+ p[]2 ! /&>d ( atomic weight1 & ! /&>d ( d5sity = gases4 #ej4 ,q4 ,:at did ! rem>kable lightness ( hydrog5 e>ly sugge/8 ,a4 ,! fitness ( t gas = ! inflation ( balloons4 ,,iii4--,,tw5ty-,,five ,,que/ions ,,& ,,answ]s ,,on 8,,h[ ,,to ,,help ,,! ,,poor40 #ea4 ,q4 ,:at is ! aim ( ! book1 8,h[ to ,help ! ,poor80 ,a4 ,to give a few sugge/ions to visitors among ! poor1 & to lead all su* visitors to att5d ! conf]5ces :i* are n[ held weekly 9 almo/ e di/rict ( our l>ge cities4 #eb4 ,q4 ,:at is "o ( ! mo/ direct comm&s 9 ! ,*ri/ian ,scripture8 ,a4 8,give to him t aske?40 #ec4 ,q4 ,:y ne$ !re be no begg>s 9 our ,am]ican cities8 ,a4 ,labor is want$ ev]y:]e1 especially educat$ labor2 n[h]e is ! supply ( ! latt] equal to ! dem&4 #ed4 ,q4 ,:at d ! p cry+ cont9ually 8give to u0 really ne$8 ,a4 ,a *ance to le>n h[ to "w1 & suffici5t protection 9 ! meantime f ! evils ( idl5ess1 drunk5ness & vice4 #ee4 ,q4 ,:at is 8out-door relief80 ,a4 ,x is ! giv+ ( money 7or its equival5t7 :i* is rais$ by tax+ ! p1 if ! applicants come "u c]ta9 rules & laws4 #ef4 ,q4 ,to :at conclusion does ,mr4 ,se? ,l[1 ( ,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y41 come 9 reg>d to 8out-door relief80 ,a4 ,t out-door relief1 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates z else:]e1 t5ds inevitably & surely to increase paup]ism4 #eg4 ,q4 ,( :at ?ree p>ts is ! conf]5ce ( a di/rict compos$8 ,a4 ,fir/1 ! di/rict committee2 second1 ! repres5tatives ( societies & (fic]s2 ?ird1 ! visitors4 #eh4 ,q4 ,h[ does "o writ] /ate t ! discipl9+ ( our imm5se poor population mu/ be effect$8 ,a4 ,by individual influ5ce2 & ?is p[] c *ange x f a mob ( paup]s & semi-paup]s into a body ( self-dep5d5t work]s4 #ei4 ,q4 ,:at does n1 & :at does visit+ ! poor mean8 ,a4 ,visit+ ! poor does n mean ent]+ ! room ( a p]son hi!rto unkn[n to make a call4 ,x means t we are invit$ to visit a mis]able abode = ! purpose1 fir/1 ( discov]+ ! cause ( t mis]y4 #fj4 ,q4 ,:at does ,dr4 ,tuck]man say ( e *ild :o is a begg>8 ,a4 ,e *ild :o is a begg>1 almo/ )\t exception1 w become a vagrant & probably a ?ief4 #fa4 ,q4 ,:at is ! only j reason = tak+ *ildr5 f _! natural homes8 ,a4 ,to lift !m out ( moral pov]ty4 ,mat]ial pov]ty1 alone1 is n suffici5t cause4 #fb4 ,q4 ,:at d ! /ati/ics ( ! ,labor ,bureau %[ 9 reg>d to homeless "y wom5 9 ,bo/on8 ,a4 ,t !re are tw5ty ?\s& homeless "y wom5 9 ,bo/on ^: wages av]age only f\r doll>s p] week4 #fc4 ,q4 ,:at is ! fir/ sugge/ion made = ! bett] c>e ( ! ag$8 ,a4 ,by pati5t /udy ( ea* individual1 & by +5i\s exp]im5t ( "o plan aft] ano!r1 "s fit occupation c (t5 be f\nd :i* %all br+ bo? happ9ess & pr(it4 #fd4 ,q4 ,:5 does n private *>ity d its full "p8 ,a4 ,:ile any o!r ?an alm%\se cases are all[$ to fall into ! c>e ( ! city au?orities4 #fe4 ,q4 ,:at does exp]i5ce1 z ! opportunities = obs]vation wid51 induce ! writ] to believe8 ,a4 ,t e human be+ c d some?+ if he has a *ance1 & is int5d$ to fill "s gap 9 ! univ]sal plan4 #ff4 ,q4 ,:at does ,edw>d ,d5ison say ( ! crime ( begg+8 ,a4 ,x does n consi/ 9 ! m]e solicitation ( alms4 ,! gi/ ( ! (f5se is ! int5tion ( prey+ ^u society2 & ( ?is int5t ! ask+ alms is only evid5ce--n pro(4 #fg4 ,q4 ,:at is ! root ( a v l>ge proportion ( ! suff]+ ( ! poor 9 ! cities ( ,am]ica8 ,a4 ,drunk5ness4 #fh4 ,q4 ,:at is "o ( ! fir/ duties ( a visitor 9 ent]+ a t5em5t h\se8 ,a4 ,to use 8 s5ses4 #fi4 ,q4 ,:at k means physical salvation1 & ?us a bett] prospect = und]/&+ ! spiritual8 ,a4 ,h[ to make ev5 ! smalle/ home clean & attractive1 & to get ! l>ge/ return f e doll> e>n$4 #gj4 ,q4 ,:at is "o ( ! e>lie/ & mo/ important topics :i* %\ld engage ! att5tion ( ! visitor8 ,a4 ,t ( help+ p to save4 #ga4 ,q4 ,:at drives p into solitude8 ,a4 ,tr\ble ( any k9d1 & especially any mis=tune :i* has a t5d5cy to l[] a p]son 9 ! social scale4 #gb4 ,q4 ,:at is said ( _m ( ! poor :o mo/ deeply ne$ visitors8 ,a4 ,!y are lonely p]sons1 & ! fact ( f9d+ a fri5d at la/ is enc\ragem5t to !m & ! beg9n+ ( bett] times4 #gc4 ,q4 ,:at is almo/ ! only true help ( ! worldly sort :i* x is possible to give ! poor8 ,a4 ,to tea* !m h[ to use ev5 ! small %>e ( goods & tal5ts intru/$ to !m4 #gd4 ,q4 ,:at tru? has be5 made cle> 9 reg>d to ! exp5diture ( money & goods alone8 ,a4 ,t x does n alleviate pov]ty4 #ge4 ,q4 ,:at has exp]i5ce taught diff]5tly f ! ass]tions t c]ta9 evils c n be help$1 & t we may z well let ?+s alone8 ,a4 ,t evils c be help$1 & to let ?+s alone is to l5d ourselves to wrong4 ,,! ,,*autauqua ,,univ]sity4 ,,c ,,language ,,be ,,taught ,,by ,,correspond5ce8 ,,by ,,pr(4 ,r4 ,s4 ,,holmes1 ,a4,m4 ,c a language be taught by correspond5ce8 ,unhesitat+ly1 yes6 ,exp]i5ce1 ?\gh brief1 gives w>rant = ! answ]4 ,! con/antly increas+ numb] ( adv]tisem5ts appe>+ 9 j\rnals ( wide circulation gives evid5ce t tea*]s at lea/ believe in/ruction by ?is me?od bo? possible & pr(itable4 ,x is 9 ?is belief t ! only dang] to ! sy/em lies4 ,incompet5cy 9 ?is field mu/ fail4 ,x c be hidd5 by no outw>d %[4 ,no w\ld-be tea*]1 ) text-book & pr9t$ "q 9 h&1 c p>ade be=e a class & he> a recitation4 ,only a tea*]1 a real tea*]1 c hope = success 9 ?is "w1 & t mu/ come by me?ods entirely =eign to ! ord9>y me?ods ( ! class-room4 ,born a tea*]1 n made2 su* mu/ be he :o w\ld successfully use ! correspond5ce sy/em 9 8 "w ( tea*+4 ,su* tea*]s are r>e1 ev5 9 comp>ison ) ! multitudes ( ^? :o already fill ! places 9 our hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( s*ools1 & /ill m r>e 9 ! ranks ( ! ?rong :i*1 fill+ ! av5ues lead+ to !m1 is expectantly await+ ! con/antly occurr+ vacancies4 ,= ?is reason we h said t ! gr[+ dem& = correspond5ce s*ools con/itutes _! pr9cipal dang]2 = p]sons aw>e ( ?is dem& & allur$ by ! hope ( swell+ mod]ate incomes1 ?\gh !y h no peculi> appreciation ( ! p>ticul> requirem5ts dem&$ to fit "o = ! "w1 w yet ent] ! li/s z competitors 9 ?is field4 ,! inevitable results mu/ be failure by ! tea*]1 disc\ragem5t to hone/ & e>ne/ /ud5ts :o c f9d no o!r means = acquir+ education1 di/ru/ ( ! practicability ( ! sy/em1 & discr$it = correspond5ce tea*]s z a class4 ,to avoid ?is1 to provide only compet5t in/ructors1 & to arrange & sy/ematize z broad & compreh5sive a c\rse ( /udy z is furni%$ by an in/itution is "o ( ! purposes ( ! ,*autauqua ,univ]sity4 ,9 su* a c\rse languages1 anci5t & mod]n1 mu/ be taught1 & mu/ be taught by correspond5ce1 or n at all4 ,b :ile x w be conc$$ t in/ruction by correspond5ce is possible1 9 ord9>y bran*es1 yet ! hone/ inquir] w ask 9 view ( ! peculi>ities surr\nd+ ! subject ( =eign languages1 ! "q :i* beg9s ?is pap]3 ,c a language be taught by correspond5ce8 ,aga9 we answ]1 unhesitat+ly1 yes6 & 9 no dubi\s way1 b ) a measure ( success fully equal to t possible by oral in/ruction4 ,! "q ( ! "t necess>y to complete any giv5 topic is n g]mane to ?is discussion4 ,yet 9 pass+1 x may be said1 t ( two p]sons :o %\ld be able to devote _! :ole "t to /udy1 "o us+ oral & ! o!r correspond5ce me?ods1 we see no reason :y ! fir/ %\ld h any advantage 9 po9t ( "t requir$ = ! completion ( any prescrib$ c\rse ( /udy4 ,we pres5t f\r reasons 9 support ( ! answ] we h s positively giv53 ,,fir/--,! class ( /ud5ts seek+ ?is in/ruction is m tea*able ?an c be easily f\nd else:]e4 ,its memb]s rank 9 e>ne/ness & int5sity ( application ) ! be/ ( ^? pursu+ po/-graduate or special c\rses 9 resid5t & special in/itutions4 ,!y are m5 already 9 pr(essional life1 physicians1 attorneys1 pa/ors1 j\rnali/s & tea*]s4 ,!y are m5 :o1 hav+ long look$ wi/fully f a di/ance at our great educational in/itutions )\t be+ able to avail !mselves ( _! advantages1 sudd5ly f9d excell5t educational advantages br\ght to _! v doors & (f]$ on t]ms :i* !y c easily accept4 ,!y are "y m5 & wom5 :o dur+ _! s*ool days felt ! necessity ( mak+ ! be/ use ( _! "t1 & acquir$ habits ( /eady application1 ( critical /udy1 & ( economy 9 ! use ( sp>e mom5ts2 b ^: s*ool days 7 limit$ by unconqu]able circum/ances to ! village academy or high s*ool1 or ev5 to ! less ambiti\s c\ntry di/rict s*ool4 ,^! classes are easi] to tea* ?an almo/ any o!r1 s9ce !y are ready to d to ! fulle/ ext5t ! "w :i* alone c make any tea*+ successful4 ,,second--,m skill is requir$ 9 ! "w ( prep>+ & assign+ lessons ?an is ord9>ily %[n4 ,! art ( assign+ lessons %\ld =m a "p 9 e s*eme ( p$agogical in/ruction4 ,un=tunately1 ! me?ods ) :i* mo/ :o h memories ( ! class room are famili> are wor?y subjects = criticism4 ,! recitation h\r passes rapidly 9 "q & answ] ov] ! te*nicalities ( ! text4 ,! clos+ mom5ts are suffici5t to direct a cont9uation ( ! advance read+1 a review ( previ\s lessons1 & ! assignm5t ( c]ta9 portions f ! gramm>4 ,!re is no def9ite direction z to special po9ts to be exam9$2 no provision = p>ticul> "w 9 etymology1 or analysis1 or comp>ison2 no syn!tic outl9e = ! next day's ?\ght2 no aids to help ! /ud5t to te/ 8 own "w or to detect 8 own errors be=e ! next recitation assembly4 ,su* me?ods or lack ( me?ods 9 ! correspond5ce s*ool w\ld surely cause its failure4 ,h[ to assign lessons becomes "h ! crucial te/ ( ! tea*]'s p[]4 ,he mu/ s lay out ! "w to be done t ! pupil :om he has nev] se5 w be /imulat$ to ef=t & n gr[ disc\rag$2 w be l$ f ! _w ( ! kn[n at 8 feet1 into ! _w ( ! unkn[n 9 :i* ! tea*] lives2 w be all[$ to make no misuse ( "t 9 unpr(itable /udy2 w be wisely direct$ 9 ! acquirem5t ( lexical & grammatical k1 & w be enabl$ to te/ 8 own "w ) ev] increas+ accuracy4 ,su* a tea*] c n fail ( success 9 8 ef=t to tea* a language by correspond5ce4 ,,?ird--,m c>e is requir$ 9 ! matt] ( int]rogation4 ,?or\gh ma/]y ( ! art ( int]rogation is an ess5tial2 almo/ priceless 9 any tea*+--"h x is a s9e qua non4 ,! pres5ce ( tea*] & pupil 9 ! class room makes que/ion+ easy2 ! oral "q is quickly giv51 quickly answ]$1 & _m que/ions may be us$ to elicit a s+le tru?1 or to impress a s+le lesson4 ,b ! correspond5ce tea*] is n s favor$4 ,8 que/ions mu/ be s fram$ t "o1 or at ! mo/ two1 %all suffice4 ,aga91 ! oral tea*] ?r\gh lack ( memory & long cu/om1 may all[ 8 que/ions to become a m]e matt] ( r\t9e1 & daily tread ! same monoton\s r\nd4 ,we speak f memory :5 we ass]t ( a college class1 t x became s famili> ) ! que/ions ask$ dur+ ,greek h\r 9 junior ye>1 z to be able to answ] ! com+ "q almo/ be=e its utt]ance4 ,?is w n d = ! correspond5ce tea*]4 ,8 que/ions mu/ be only su* z 8 lesson directions h sugge/$2 !y mu/ be committ$ to pap]1 9 remorseless ink2 !y are to be subject$ to scrut9y2 !y mu/ n be obscure1 or repetiti\s2 & _! range mu/ be z wide z 8 /ud5ts' k4 ,su* que/ion+ c n fail ( success4 ,,f\r?--,m e>ne/ & ?or\gh /udy is requir$ ( ! /ud5t4 ,he has 9 a c]ta9 s5se ! "w ( two p]sons to p]=m1 8 own & 8 tea*]'s2 8 own1 9 t he inve/igates & acquires z direct$2 8 tea*]'s1 9 t he mu/ prove & te/ t :i* he has done & is do+1 by ef=ts ( memory1 by "w ( comp>ison1 & by /rict grammatical rule4 ,he mu/ recite to himself1 ask ( himself ! que/ions :i* he mu/ answ]1 & correct himself be=e f9ally 8 f9i%$ "w is return$ to 8 tea*] = revision4 ,we ?9k we h made suffici5tly pla9 ! possibility ( success 9 tea*+ a language by correspond5ce4 ,! reasons seem to u conclusive4 ,t :i* rema9s to be said is ev5 m pot5t4 ,aft] all ?9k+1 reason+ & object+ is done1 aft] all te/imony = or aga9/ has be5 receiv$ ! e/abli%$ fact rema9s1 successful tea*+ ( languages1 anci5t & mod]n1 by correspond5ce alone1 has be5 done )9 ! ye>s j pa/1 is n[ be+ done1 & w be yet m effectively & widely done ) ea* advanc+ ye>4 ,9 support ( ^! /atem5ts1 :i* we believe are true1 we pres5t a te/imonial f an exp]i5c$ tea*]1 :o has be5 & is a memb] ( ! ,college ( ,mod]n ,languages 9 ! ,*autauqua ,univ]sity4 ,x is z foll[s3 8,i h be5 a memb] ( ! ,g]man class 9 ! ,*autauqua ,correspond5ce ,s*ool ( ,languages = two ye>s1 & ,i consid] ?is plan ( /udy1 includ+ ! six weeks' in/ruction ea* ye> at ,*autauqua1 sup]ior to any o!r4 ,! me?od is n only m compreh5sive1 x also advances ! pupil mu* m rapidly1 makes him m ?or\gh1 broad5s 8 culture1 enables him to become famili> ) hi/ory1 ) lit]ature1 ) art1 & bett] ?an all1 tea*es him h[ to acquire k40 ,we add two /atem5ts ( fact :i* c be v]ifi$ z pro(s ( popul> op9ion reg>d+ correspond5ce s*ools3 ,,fir/--,t ! ,director ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,new ,te/am5t ,greek 9 ! ,*autauqua ,s*ool ( ,!ology has /ud5ts to ! numb] ( almo/ f\r hundr$ :o rely = in/ruction entirely ^u correspond5ce lessons4 ,,second--,t ! ,dean ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,hebrew 9 ! same in/itution has "u in/ruction by ! same me?ods1 9 ! diff]5t ent]prises ) :i* he is connect$1 ab\t sev5 hundr$ /ud5ts4 ,c\ld !re be any?+ m significant8 ,,editor',s ,,outlook4 8,,m9or ,,morals40 ,! importance ( good bre$+ c n be too dilig5tly insi/$ ^u4 ,b :at is good bre$+8 ,?is is h>dly to be und]/ood z synonym\s ) good mann]s1 ?\gh c]ta9ly involv+ !m4 ,nor is x q ! same ?+ z exempl>y or agreeable behavior1 ?\gh likely to insure x4 ,! latt] is entirely ! product ( con/ant practice4 ,good mann]s1 poli%$ behavior1 are ! fruit ( long discipl9e--p]fection h]e9 be+ rea*$ only :5 ^! mann]s become habitual1 natural1 in/9ctive4 ,true c\rtesy1 mean:ile1 involves some?+ deep] ?an m]e mann]s or motions4 ,x has its seat 9 ! he>t--its root 9 ! moral nature4 ,fundam5tally x consi/s 9 an inw>d k9dly1 neighborly1 t5d] feel+ t[>d e "o1 an int]e/ 91 & a desire to promote ev]ybody's welf>e4 ,g5u9e c\rtesy1 9 a ^w1 is born ( love1 spr+s f a b5evol5t disposition1 a bro!rly1 *ivalric impulse4 ,b :at is good bre$+8 ,x consi/s 9 ?is inw>d pr9ciple ( good w1 & ! outw>d habit ( graceful demeanor comb9$--x consi/s 9 ! a=esaid inw>d graci\s impulse1 root$ 9 ! he>t1 & f9d+ natural outw>d expression1 or int]pretation1 ?r\gh t discipl9$ elegance ( deportm5t ( :i* ,i h spok54 ,to ! inw>d impulse1 or s5tim5t1 duly awak5$1 ! outw>d1 educat$ habit naturally1 in/9ctively responds2 & we h ! deportm5t1 or c>riage1 ( ! truly poli%$ or accompli%$ g5tleman or lady4 ,^! tw9 pr9ciples1 ! inw>d nurture & ! outw>d culture or tra9+1 work+ toge!r1 und]lie :at 9 ! highe/ s5se is to be und]/ood z good bre$+4 ,! practical value ( ! accompli%m5t "u consid]ation c n well be ov]e/imat$4 ,h[ *>m+1 truly1 ?is g5tlemanly1 lady-l conduct--?is k9dly1 graceful1 g5ial way ( c>ry+ "o's self socially4 ,true c\rtesy1 v]ily1 is z delightful z a song4 ,m eloqu5t is x1 we may say1 ?an any oratory4 ,x is a f9e art4 ,bett] /ill1 x is ,*ri/ian4 ,is x n at once a privilege & a duty to promote ! pleasure ( o!rs8 ,z has j be5 sugge/$1 h[ may we m effectually m9i/] to ! pleasure ( o!rs ?an by a *>m+ behavior8 ,by cultivat$1 agreeable mann]s1 moreov]1 we imm5sely enhance our p]sonal influ5ce--our p[] = good4 ,a p]son ( agreeable mann]s1 by uni=mly pleas+1 w1 naturally1 always be popul>--h ho/s ( fri5ds4 ,:ile1 :atev] "o's wor? or atta9m5ts1 we yet %un 8 pres5ce if he be disagreeable or (f5sive 9 mann] or spee*2 on ! o!r h&1 we in/9ctively covet ! society ( "o :o1 9 any way1 delights u4 ,! irresi/ible *>m ( poli%$ mann]s1 ev5 :5 cultivat$ solely = comm]cial purposes1 is well illu/rat$ by a rem>k said to h be5 made by ,mr4 ,bee*] conc]n+ ! cl]ks 9 ! %ops ( ,p>is4 ,!y 71 he said1 s polite & engag+ 9 _! att5tions t 8 fir/ impression always 0 t he mu/ h met !m some:]e be=e4 ,& :o has n1 inde$1 "u ! influ5ce ( ! b5ign _s1 ! g5ial & engag+ mann]s1 ! k9dly & oblig+ (fices ( ! accompli%$ tradesman1 (t5 felt 8 prejudices give way1 8 orig9al int5tions to pur*ase no?+ yield1 &1 in/ead1 a purpose gradually spr+ up 9 8 m9d to d j ! opposite ( :at he orig9ally design$8 ,no?+ c be m evid5t1 !re=e1 ?an t ?is matt] ( mann]s & bre$+ is a no unimportant "p ( "o's education1 con/itut+1 truly1 a no insignificant "p ( e true man's "*4 ,h[ greatly1 !n1 does t y\? /& 9 8 own light1 :o1 = any cause1 neglects 8 mann]s4 ,! ?or\ghly c\rte\s y\?1 o!r ?+s equal1 w surely w9 8 way to success4 ,p]sonally agreeable 9 all 8 ways1 he conciliates oppos+ prejudices1 *>ms ! indiff]5t1 & makes e "o he meets 8 fri5d4 ,! boori% man1 on ! contr>y1 z inevitably blocks 8 way to =tune by awak5+1 on ! "p ( ^? ) :om he has to d1 only s5tim5ts ( av]sion & disgu/4 ,girls1 = "s reason1 seem to take m naturally & k9dly to graceful ways1 to g5tle c\rtesies1 ?an boys4 ,"y ,am]ica1 we ?9k1 is *>act]i/ically boori%1 if n cl[ni%4 ,! boy ( ! p]iod manife/ly places no adequate value on good mann]s4 ,d\btless ?is matt] ( bre$+--?is c>eful cultivation ( a g5ial & amiable deportm5t--is sadly neglect$ 9 our day4 ,! y\? ( our day %\ld be taught n only t rud5ess & vulg>ity nev] pay2 b t :ile awkw>dness is disagreeable & burd5some1 ! slighte/ approa* to r[dyism is dete/able & unp>donable4 ,"s "o has v happily repres5t$ good mann]s z 8m9or morals40 ,& c]ta9 x is t vulg>ity & vice are intimately relat$2 t ! l[1 vulg> fell[ w ev] be f\nd b a few removes f a positively vici\s "o4 ,love1 ref9em5t1 social cultivation are all closely alli$ ) righte\sness2 ^!1 always & ev]y:]e1 con/itute ! true g5tleman & lady4 ,,! ,,c\ncils ,,at ,,baltimore4 ,x 0 a notewor?y fact t two ( ! ?ree great religi\s bodies ( ?is c\ntry 7 hold+ c\ncils 9 ! same city 9 ! la/ days ( #ahhd4 ,! city ( ,baltimore enjoys ! di/9ction ( be+ bo? a ,ca?olic & a ,me?odi/ city4 ,! =m] is ! old] claimant1 s9ce x 0 f\nd$ by ,engli% ,ca?olics2 b ,me?odism1 also f\nd$ by ,engli%m51 has a ,baltimore hi/ory :i* occasion$ ! c5t5nial conf]5ce ( la/ mon?4 ,x 0 9 ,baltimore1 ,*ri/mas #aghd1 t a few circuit rid]s organiz$ ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,x is d\btless ?r\gh ! effectiv5ess ( t organization t ,me?odism holds its position z ! religi\s union ( ! l>ge/ population embrac$ 9 any "o organization 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! ,ca?olics are ord9>ily reckon$ ! mo/ num]\s1 because !y c\nt population & ,me?odi/s c\nt only memb]s2 b tak+ ! =m] basis z a common measure1 ! v>i\s bran*es ( ,me?odism are d\btless ! mo/ num]\s2 & x is probable t by ! same te/s ! ,bapti/s outnumb] ! ,ca?olics4 ,if ! ,presbyt]ian bodies c\ld be c\nt$ toge!r1 & ! ,lu!rans & ,congregationali/s includ$1 we %\ld h a ?ird great body ( ,prote/ants :i* may possibly outnumb] ! ,ca?olics4 ,two o!r communions1 ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal & ! ,unit>ian1 w\ld be 9 ! fir/ rank ( religi\s influ5ce if we attempt$ to measure & comp>e by ?is te/4 ,tak+ acc\nt ( memb]s only1 ! mo/ difficult problem ( religi\s /ati/ics is to det]m9e :e!r any religi\s organization is relatively increas+4 ,! unatta*$ population1 & ! indep5d5t ,prote/ant organizations1 h be5 gr[+ 9 numb]s = a score ( ye>s2 & ! ,prote/ant communions c n c\nt by population )\t includ+ ! same p]sons 9 m ?an "o *ur*4 ,x is n surpris+ t ! ,ca?olics mo/ easily make an impos+ array 9 ! /ati/ical tables4 ,! precise c\nt is n important 9 ?is place4 ,! ,ca?olics & ,me?odi/s are l>ge bodies ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ians1 & !y h "s common features z well z "s /rik+ contra/s4 ,bo? communions owe _! success 7if we take worldly measurem5t7 to _! vigor\s managem5t & subord9ation ( _! cl]gy = ! good ( ! common cause4 ,a ,me?odi/ it9]ant & a ,ca?olic prie/ resemble ea* o!r v little1 b !y are alike 9 be+ m5 :o are 8s5t10 & :o 8obey ord]s40 ,_! p]sonal *oices & well-be+ are subord9at$ to a s]vice & devotion4 ,!y alike resign at ! doors ( ! temple _! rights to s]ve & please !mselves4 ,x may be said t all ,*ri/ians %\ld d ?is2 b ?is self-surr5d] is to ! prie/ & ! it9]ants objective z well z subjective4 ,x means t !y g :]e !y are s5t by a human au?ority :i* !y id5tify ) ! div9e w4 ,!y are sacrific$ to ! g5]al good2 !y suff] t o!rs may rejoice--always "u an ext]nal & visible au?ority4 ,ano!r po9t ( resemblance is ! practical lib]ty ( laym5 9 bo? *ur*es4 ,!oretically ! ,ca?olic & ! ,me?odi/ laym5 are bo? b\nd to consid]able s]vice & duties4 ,me?odism began 9 a rigor ( religi\s duties :i* makes "o wond] h[ ,john ,wesley miss$ f\nd+ a new ,ca?olic ord] ( _w-r5\nc+ prie/s & lay bro!rs4 ,ca?olicism is !oretically ev5 m rigor\s4 ,9 ! progress ( ?is c5tury1 bo? laities h a*iev$ m lib]ty ?an is good = !m2 ! prie/ & ! it9]ant s]ve & sacrifice = all4 ,a bright-ey$ ,me?odi/ editor call$ att5tion "s ye>s ago to ! fact t 8 *ur* tol]ates no h]esy 9 m9i/]s & pays little att5tion to ! doctr9al vag>ies ( its laym54 ,x is d\btless true ( bo? ,ca?olics & ,me?odi/s2 ?\gh nei!r *ur* is prep>$ to make any admission ( ! sort or ev] w be4 ,! !ory 9 ea* case calls = s\nd believ+2 & x is probably a j judgm5t :i* says t lib]ty is ! atmosph]e requir$ = ! gr[? ( s\nd fai?4 ,ano!r po9t ( resemblance betwe5 ,ca?olic & ,me?odi/ is t bo? communions h _h a great mission to prea* to ! poor2 & t !y h prea*$ to su* effect t l>ge numb]s ( _! poor h become ri*1 n s obvi\sly 9 fai? z 9 worldly goods4 ,we mean n to sne]1 b to put our f+] on ! objective reality :i* lies be=e u4 ,he is a c>eless man :o fails to see t ,me?odism & ,ca?olicism h produc$ indu/ry1 ?rift1 temp]ance & weal? 9 classes ( p :o 7 mis]ably poor at ! outset4 ,! fact has long be5 und]/ood ( ,me?odi/s2 a special fact has obscur$ ?is l>ge "o among ,ca?olics4 ,!re has be5 a /eady infl[ ( pov]ty f ! ,old ,_w & ! ,ca?olics h receiv$ into _! communion a v l>ge portion ( ?is pov]ty4 ,_! ne$y h be5 mo/ abundantly recruit$ & cont9ue to be4 ,b at ! same "t _! poor h gr[n weal?y all ov] ! l&4 ,! ,puritan f>m] is disappe>+ 9 ,new ,engl& & ! ,iri% ,ca?olic is tak+ 8 place4 ,weal?y ,ca?olics ab\nd 9 all ! l>ge cities4 ,!re are _m po9ts ( contra/ betwe5 ! two communions4 ,we sugge/ a s+le "o1 /ill look+ at ext]nals & n at cre$s4 ,:ile ,me?odism has = a qu>t] ( a c5tury be5 "o ( ! mo/ influ5tial factors 9 politics--n at all z a ma*9e1 b altoge!r z an influ5ce--,ca?olicism has dur+ ! same p]iod almo/ laps$ out ( sight z a political elem5t4 ,?is result$ f ! =eign "* & tra9+ ( ! majority ( ! prie/s & p1 & f wise avoidance ( occasions ( odium by ! ,ca?olic prelates4 ,we sugge/ ?is contra/ )\t draw+ any inf]5ces f x4 ,= ! ne> future1 x is safe to pr$ict a *ange on ! ,ca?olic side4 ,_! ,baltimore c\ncil w1 by =ce ( associations :i* are full ( significance1 t5d to produce *ange4 ,9 ,baltimore ! ,ca?olic may prop]ly rememb] 8 claims to be & live an ,am]ican ( ! ,am]icans4 ,t *ur* has _h a va/ body ( =eign]s to naturalize2 x has done ! "w "u an array ( ob/acles :i* seem$ too =midable to be ov]come4 ,x is a ne> day :5 ! ,am]icanism ( ! ,ca?olics ( ?is c\ntry w come to ! pro( ( its quality & value4 ,at ,baltimore ! ?\ghtful prie/ mu/ h be5 mov$ to rememb] :at claims he has on ! c\ntry & :at claims ! c\ntry has on him4 ,we %all z a p suff] "s bitt] trials & humiliations if ! ,ca?olics are n to be g5u9e ,am]icans & ard5t patriots4 ,!y are too _m to be neutral or ho/ile4 ,a ,,poor ,,man',s ,,motor4 ,! labor problem has n yet receiv$ a solution4 ,its c5tral difficulty is to secure to workm5 a fair %>e ( ! bless+s ( life4 ,no "o supposes t1 tak+ ! _w toge!r1 !y d n[ receive a fair %>e4 ,9 ?is c\ntry1 workm5 h f>$ uncommonly well2 b !re is a belief1 re/+ on "s facts1 t ! actual rew>ds ( labor1 z measur$ 9 ! bless+s ( life1 are rapidly decl9+1 & mu/ g on decl9+ "u ! exi/+ indu/rial sy/em4 ,"s !ories on ! subject are no long] t5able4 ,! workman's !ory t capital robs him is n s\nd4 ,money1 once wor? t5 p] c5t41 has fall5 to ?ree p] c5t4 = p]fectly safe loans2 :5 high] int]e/ is paid1 x is paid = conduct+ ! bus9ess ( l5d+ 7z 9 banks7 or = risks ( ! loans4 ,! gov]nm5t c borr[ a ?\s& & m millions at two & "o-half to ?ree p] c5t4--& ?is %[s :at a h>d "t ( x capital is hav+4 ,! risks ( manufactur+ probably ble$ labor2 b ! ble$+ is n 9 ! =m ( :i* ! workman ?9ks4 ,x is n pr(it b loss :i* drives ! lancet 9 to ! hilt4 ,political economi/s h %[n 7& !y are entirely unanim\s7 t ! high pr(its produce a competition :i* br+s d[n pr(its4 ,capital is *eap2 l>ge pr(its c be made only 9 conditions :i* are monopoli/ic4 ,our sy/em ( indu/rial ex*ange has "o v weak place1 call$ cr$it4 ,?is cr$it is a hole 9 ! net ?r\gh :i* indu/rial ga9s are dropp$ into ! bottomless sea2 & ! sy/em is s fix$ ^u u t !re is no hope ( re=m 9 our day4 ,to pay :5 we buy m & m (f5ds some?+ 9 our make-up4 ,a wise man propos$ t "o1 two & five doll> bills be aboli%$1 9 ord] t we might circulate1 z ! ,fr5* d1 a l>ge am\nt ( silv]4 ,a memb] ( ,congress imm$iately am5d$ ! sugge/ion ?us3 8,no4 ,put ?is silv] 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,treasury1 & let u use #8silv] notes4'0 ,we insi/ ^u hav+ ev5 a cr$it money1 & object to 8! tr\ble0 ( h&l+ co94 ,?is ref9$ & transc5d5tal s5tim5t1 or ta/e1 or /heticism ab\t co9 runs ?r\gh u4 ,! man :o always pays1 z well z ! sneak :o nev] pays if he c avoid x1 says1 8,*>ge x10 :5 he buys goods4 ,goods are sold by ! manufactur] to ! jobb] on cr$it2 ! jobb] sells to ! :olesale h\ses on cr$it2 ! :olesale deal]s sell to retail]s on cr$it2 ! retail]s sell to consum]s on cr$it4 ,x is )9 ! m>k to say1 t m is lo/ 9 ^! f\r cr$it traps ?an capital gets--mu* m4 ,x is n1 9 fact1 ! capitali/1 b ! well-dress$ & ! %abbily-dress$ ?ieves :o *eat & rob labor4 ,at fir/ sight1 ! read] w wond] h[ ! losses ( ! f\r cr$its come home to labor4 ,we reply3 !y are m]ely ! aggregate ( ! risks incurr$ 9 mak+ /aple goods--all o!r risks be+ insignificant 9 su* manufactur+4 ,! ord] ( ?+s is l ?is3 :at ! jobb] loses ! manufactur] loses by ! failure ( ! jobb]4 ,! jobb] loses :at ! deal]s betwe5 him & ! consum]s lose4 ,n q all1 p]haps1 = ! capitals ( ! deal]s mu/ be ( "s wor?2 b ! consum] has1 9 ! end1 to pay all ^! losses1 & ! result is an enhanc$ price4 ,9 o!r words1 a bale ( goods />ts out ) a burd5 ( risk :i* gr[s z x travels1 & adds to ! co/ ( goods s mu* t ! consum] c n buy z mu* z he ne$s4 ,! f #bej to #cjj or m failures ea* week tell a "p ( ! workman's tr\ble2 ano!r va/ body ( 8 losses does n g to record at all4 ,x is ! fifty-c5ts-on-a-doll> compromise sy/em betwe5 :olesal]s & retail]s4 ,workm5 ought to get :at consum]s pay1 less ?ree p] c5t4 on capital & ab\t z mu* m = risk ( ord9>y k9ds & a fair co/ ( h&l+ goods4 ,we ma9ta9 a sy/em ( extraord9>y risks1 call$ a cr$it sy/em1 :i* consumes two or ?ree times z mu* z capital4 ,x is pla9 t workm5 c n get 7we write ( su* /aples z cotton clo?7 pay = lo/ goods4 ,:]ev] !y are lo/1 ! sums lo/ c n rea* labor4 ,we d n ent] into ! details ( ?is argum5t2 we h sugge/$ reasons = believ+ t a ca% sy/em w\ld /op "o ( ! great leaks ( ! indu/rial sy/em4 ,!re are o!r great wa/es 9 ! exi/+ =ms ( indu/rial managem5t :i*1 l ! cr$it sy/em1 come out ( ! bones & blood ( ! workman4 ,we pass !m by to sugge/ t ! indu/rial sy/em has gone wrong1 & c nev] g "r1 "u ! empire ( /eam4 ,/eam is a c5traliz]4 ,x conc5trates indu/ry1 & by pack+ labor]s into a small compass enhances ! co/ ( liv+ & enl>ges ! area ( losses on sales & ( di/ress 9 h>d times4 ,& to g at once to our solution ( ! labor problem1 we w describe x z dec5tralization4 ,a writ] 9 ,mac,millan's ,magaz9e sugge/s t electric motors may prove to be ! dec5traliz+ =ce4 ,( c\rse1 x is n 9 ! p[] ( any mat]ial ag5t to effect great *anges except z x cop]ates ) our incl9ations4 ,! exp5siv5ess ( /eam ma*9]y cop]at$ ) our incl9ation to congregate 9 cities4 ,we h congregat$ !re4 ,! l>g] half ( our gr[? is 9 t[ns4 ,! result is de> food1 de> r5t1 pe/il5tial diseases1 moral degradation4 ,:5 we gr[ sick ( ! exp]im5t ( build+ a mod]n ,babel1 our incl9ations may cop]ate ) a motor en]gy :i* is plebeian & democratic4 ,let u suppose1 !n1 t a workman c make any ( ! innum]able small articles :i* h iron or /eel = a mat]ial4 ,?is workman has 8 bits ( ma*9]y & tools 9 8 h\se4 ,!y d n co/ m ?an a c>p5t]'s *e/ ( tools4 ,he has ! skill2 he has ! tools2 he wants p[]4 ,b a neighbor tells him t he c buy 9 qu>t or gallon cans /or$-up electricity1 & by a little contrivance1 :i* may co/ fifty c5ts1 he c atta* 8 ma*9]y to ?is democratic motor & be an indep5d5t workman1 ) all ! advantages ( ma*9]y4 ,he c make all ^! iron & /eel contrivances 9 ! middle ( a prairie & sell !m to 8 neighbors = *eap food & *eap r5t4 ,! divisibility ( electric p[] may make x ! poor man's fri5d4 ,y c n buy five c5ts' wor? ( /eam2 !re is n[ no reason to d\bt t electric p[] may be sold 9 five-c5t packages if !re is a dem& = x 9 su* =m4 ,!re is a va/ aggregate ( small manufactur+4 ,( c\rse !re are great indu/ries to :i* our solution w\ld n apply2 b if half ! labor]s ( ! c\ntry c\ld "w pr(itably1 ea* man by himself1 9 8 own h\se--j z cobbl]s "w--!n ! /ra9 on ! l>ge indu/ries1 su* z iron & /eel mak+1 w\ld be s f> r$uc$ t workm5 9 ^? bran*es w\ld probably comm&1 p]man5tly1 excell5t wages4 ,?is article aims to d no?+ m ?an to op5 a w9d[ ( hope4 ,we %all ne$ to *ange a great deal2 b ! poor man's motor w probably help u to *ange4 ,a good _m monopolies h gr[n up because /eam favor$ _! gr[?2 o!rs are ! fruits ( g5]al ignorance4 ,"u ! sway ( ignorance1 ! trade-m>k becomes a tyrant1 a grasp+ monopoli/4 ,= example1 !re are no pat5ts on sew+ ma*9es1 b ma*9es ( c]ta9 firms1 we>+ a c]ta9 trade-m>k1 comm& a monopoly price4 ,any good me*anic c build a good sew+ ma*9e = t5 doll>s4 ,!re might be m5 9 e t[n engag$ 9 supply+ ! local wants 9 ! matt] ( sew+ ma*9es4 ,no l>ge factories1 no heavy transportation bills1 no eloqu5t travel+ ag5ts w\ld be ne$$4 ,!re are ?\s&s ( ?+s to :i* ! same rule w apply :5 !re is a poor man's motor & su* a diffusion ( intellig5ce t ! poor man c make1 & p w buy1 ! home-made articles4 ,! empire ( ! trade-m>k w disappe> :5 ! motor & ! intellig5ce come along1 & bo? seem to be com+4 ,x w n be necess>y--if ! motor arrives--to h]d p toge!r l cattle1 or to transport goods long di/ances4 ,! workm5 w c>ry _! kits ( tools to ! villages & live indep5d5tly & *eaply 9 ! mid/ ( _! cu/om]s4 ,is ?is a dream8 ,b :y %\ld x n come true8 ,,re=m$ ,,crim9als4 ,! ,fr5* gov]nm5t is consid]+ a proposition to re/ore ! cu/om ( deport+ crim9als4 ,x is rem>kable t ! practical argum5t on ?is subject is decid$ly favorable to ?is sy/em4 ,! argum5t aga9/ x is a s5tim5tal "o4 ,! unsettl$ "q ab\t puni%m5ts = o!r ?an capital (f5ses is1 h[ to secure ! re=m ( crim9als4 ,"u ! be/ manag$ prisons1 re=m ( a la/+ k9d is r>e4 ,! be/ managem5t seems to succe$ until ! prison] is set at lib]ty4 ,!n ! re=m$ man f9ds himself an object ( suspicion to ord]ly p & ( special int]e/ & sympa?y to ! crim9al classes4 ,! =m] w n employ him & ! latt] w4 ,! result is1 9 mo/ cases1 t he relapses into crime4 ,p]haps !re is "s hope t ! bett] classes may improve 9 _! habits2 b unless !y d1 x is well nigh useless to re=m crim9als 9 prison4 ,! poor m5 :o come out into an unsympa!tic _w :i* does n believe 9 _! re=mation1 & 9 :i* unre=m$ ex-convicts are num]\s en\gh to keep ! g5]al di/ru/ ( _! class alive1 h no?+ l a fair *ance to beg9 ! _w ov] aga94 ,if !re 7 any hope t prisons c\ld be p]fect$ s z to re=m all convicts1 public prejudice c\ld be brok5 d[n2 b x is too mu* to expect t ! g5]al public w acquire a habit ( di/+ui%+ betwe5 good & bad ex-convicts4 ,?is is ! difficulty = :i* no device has yet be5 f\nd :i* w take x out ( ! pa? ( humanit>ian prison discipl9e4 ,no fai? is m /able ?an t :i*1 among ! public at l>ge1 affirms ! total depravity ( "s m52 especially ( ex-convicts4 ,turn+ to p5al colonies1 exp]i5ce is mo/ favorable to ! belief t x op5s ! road to re=m4 ,! reports on ! ,briti% p5al colonies are especially *e]ful f ?is po9t ( view4 ,! majority ( ! crim9als s5t abroad dur+ ?ree c5turies re=m$ _! lives4 ,au/ralia ought to be ! mo/ disord]ly c\ntry on ! globe1 if deport+ crim9als to a colony c\ld produce a bad society4 ,b not)/&+ ! fact t ,engl& s5t a l>ge crim9al population to t colony1 ,au/ralia is "o ( ! mo/ ord]ly & respectable ( ! ,engli% dep5d5cies4 ,! only possible explanation is t ! (ficial reports are true1 & t ! convicts did actually re=m4 ,if ,botany ,bay did n re=m !m1 ! hone/ opportunities ( t va/ isl& did cop]ate ) _! good purpose & promote _! re=m4 ,engl& deport$ crim9als f #aeig to #ahfg--;a p]iod ( #bgj ye>s4 ,dur+ ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce %e susp5d$ deportation & enroll$ h] convicts 9 ! armies s5t to subjugate u4 ,9 #ahch m ?an #ajj1jjj crim9als _h be5 s5t to ,au/ralia4 ,an (ficial report sets =? t 9 #ahej an enum]ation ( ex-convicts 9 ,au/ralia acc\nt$ = #dh1fjj1 & t all ( !m except an insignificant fraction 7 liv+ hone/ly4 ,b x w be said t ,au/ralia prote/$ aga9/ ! cont9uance ( ! sy/em4 ,?is is n ! exact fact4 ,9 deal+ ) ! "q1 ! ,engli% gov]nm5t ?rew ^u ! ,au/ralians all ! exp5se ( ! surveillance ( ! deport$ crim9als4 ,! colonial gov]nm5t dem&$1 mo/ righte\sly t ,engl& %\ld pay ?is bill ( exp5se2 b r ?an pay x ! ,engli% ,p>liam5t *ose to aboli% ! sy/em ( deportation4 ,! coloni/s did make s5tim5tal objections to receiv+ convicts1 b !y did s on ! gr\nd t ! co/ ( wat*+ ! crim9als ( ,engl& 0 unju/ly ?r[n ^u !m4 ,a ,fr5* writ] rem>ks t 9 ?is case1 z 9 ! qu>rel ) u1 ! money "q 0 all[$ to prevail ov] /atesman%ip4 ,! ,briti% ex-convict is worse (f ?an our own because !re are few] opportunities = m5 "u ! reproa* ( prison s]vice4 ,! ,fr5* proposition to resort aga9 to p5al colonies1 or r to dump+ %ip-loads ( crim9als on new & undevelop$ c\ntries1 sugge/s ! s]i\sness ( ! "q4 ,e ,fr5* colony w object to receiv+ ! vici\s c>goes ( humanity2 b ! objections w lose _! viol5ce if ! home gov]nm5t %all s5d a prop] proportion ( ,fr5* gold ) ea* c>go4 ,! te/imony on ! subject seems to %[ t if ! transport$ m5 are su* z to give signs ( real re=m1 n9ety-five p] c5t4 ( !m w make good citiz5s4 ,! op5 c\ntry1 ! new moral sc5]y1 ! necessities ( t new _w1 conspire ) good resolutions to ma9ta9 re=m$ habits4 ,:at %all we d ) our re=m$ prison]s8 ,x is n improbable t 9 a few ye>s ,engl& w imitate ,france & re/ore ! sy/em ( deportation4 ,:y %\ld n we make an exp]im5t8 ,alaska1 at lea/1 might safely be us$ = ! purpose4 ,x w\ld n be difficult to devise a sy/em "u :i* ! be/ class ( re=m$ m5 %\ld be (f]$ l& & a small outfit 9 "s remote corn] ( our c\ntry4 ,by select+ ! be/1 & mak+ _! removal volunt>y1 we might save to society ! l>g] "p ( ! m5 :om our prisons re=m4 ,we d n wi% to disguise ! fact t1 h[ev] remote ! place1 ! m5 :o h liv$ by crime & escap$ puni%m5t w\ld endang] ! virtue ( ! ex-convict4 ,b ! crim9al classes d n fl[ to ! f>!/ fronti]s except 9 scanty /reams2 & ! ,alaskan t]ritory is z yet z safe z a wild]ness c be4 ,"s s*eme ( ! sort is wor? ! devis+4 ,we are mak+ little headway "u our pres5t be/ sy/ems1 simply because ! ex-convict has no *ance4 ,c he be giv5 a fair *ance8 ,,editor',s ,,note-,,book4 ,! ,civil ,s]vice ,re=m ,league--& e re=m is dep5d5t ^u an organization--has address$ a lett] to ,presid5t-elect ,clevel&1 ask+ him :at he proposes to d ab\t removals f (fice4 ,mr4 ,clevel& answ]s1 ) full in=mation1 t he believes 9 ! doctr9e ( civil s]vice re=m4 ,we ?9k t ! practical application ( ! lett] to ! civil s]vice w make a real & safe basis = judgm5t4 ,till we see ?is1 we deem x wise n to express an op9ion4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! old 8,lib]ty bell10 :i* 0 on exhibition dur+ ! ,c5t5nial at ,philadelphia1 has be5 tak5 to ! ,new ,orleans ,exposition 9 *>ge ( a committee4 ,! c\ncil ( ,philadelphia pass$ a resolution au?oriz+ its removal f ,indep5d5ce ,hall = t purpose4 99 99 99 99 99 ,our national ,congress is ! subject ( a %ameful sc&al1 & ! wor/ feature ( x is1 our ,s5ators & ,repres5tatives "k x1 b fail to correct x !mselves4 ,x is ?is3 ,by figures prep>$ by ! ,public ,pr9t]1 x appe>s t dur+ ! la/ f\r congresses ne>ly six hundr$ spee*es h be5 publi%$ 9 ! 8,congressional ,record0 z a "p ( ! debates & proce$+s ( ,congress1 b n "o ( !m 0 ev] deliv]$ 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 ,"h is a numb] ( pr9t$ b undeliv]$ spee*es ( ,s5ators4 ,?is is an unnecess>y exp5se entail$ on ! gov]nm5t4 ,x is a falsehood & makes ! 8,record0 a lie1 = y c n tell by read+ x :at has be5 said or done 9 ,congress4 ,s5ator ,ve/ has introduc$ a resolution into ! ,s5ate to aboli% ! practice1 b x is /ill an op5 "q :e!r a body ( m5 :o d su* ?+s w h ! moral c\rage to vote _! undeliv]$ spee*es out ( ! 8,record40 99 99 99 99 99 ,our read]s w f9d ! article by ,g5]al ,john ,a4 ,logan1 else:]e 9 ?is impression1 full ( int]e/+ & v rem>kable /atem5ts conc]n+ rudim5t>y education 9 ! diff]5t /ates4 ,we ?9k 8 po9ts conc]n+ ! common s*ools 9 ! ,s\!rn /ates w be a surprise to _m p4 ,ano!r article on ! subject f ! ,g5]al's p5 w appe> 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan = ,m>*4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a numb] ( ,brad/reet's1 issu$ 9 ! latt] "p ( ,decemb]1 %[s t at t "t ! :ole numb] ( m5 out ( employm5t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 because ! e/abli%m5ts _h %ut d[n1 & by reason ( /rikes1 etc41 0 #caf1jjj1 or ?irte5 p] c5t4 ( ! :ole numb] employ$ 9 #ahhj1 :i* 0 #b1deb1gdi4 99 99 99 99 99 ,conc]n+ ,g5]al ,b4 ,f4 ,butl]1 x is ann\nc$ t he has sign$ an agreem5t ) a publi%+ h\se to write 8 political rem9isc5ces1 9 two volumes1 = :i* he is to receive #ej1jjj 9 ca% & a royalty beside4 ,! adv5t ( ,messrs4 ,bla9e & ,butl] into ! lit]>y _w is sugge/ive4 ,x is altoge!r probable t bo? ( ^! m5 reg>d lit]>y fame1 :5 comp>$ to political favor1 z a m sub/antial & endur+ quantity1 & believe t _! names w live long] 9 lit]ature ?an 9 politics4 ,( c\rse1 !re may be o!r motives prompt+ !m1 b to "s m5 fame ha? its peculi> *>ms4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x 0 a surprise & sorr[ to ,*ri/ian p to le>n t ! managem5t at ,new ,orleans _h decid$ to keep ! ,exposition op5 on ! ,sabba?4 ,! v lib]al--p]haps we ought to say lax--ideas ab\t ! obs]vance ( ! ,sabba? :i* prevail ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry des]ve s]i\s ?\ght4 ,c]ta9ly to ext5d opportunities = mak+ sight see+ & pleasure seek+ "p ( ! day's "w %\ld be emphatically disc\rag$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"o ( ,*autauqua's /aun*e/ fri5ds & mo/ devot$ work]s1 ! ,rev4 ,s4 ,mc,gerald1 has ent]$ a new field ( "w4 ,9 a rec5t issue ( ! ,buffalo ,*ri/ian ,advocate we f9d 8 "n ann\nc$ z ! future editor ( t pap]4 ,mr4 ,mc,gerald's new & important position is sure to be well fill$4 ,he has ! he>ty good wi%es ( all ,*autauquans 9 8 new ent]prise4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,indians ( ,arizona made an exhibit at ! rec5t fair ( t t]ritory1 :i* ought to op5 ! public m9d to ! degree ( civilization :i* "s ,indians h atta9$1 & sugge/1 z well1 ! possibility ( su* civilization = all ,indians4 ,! fir/ premium = ! be/ mod]n pl[ display$ 0 aw>d$ !m1 & to %[ _! ta/e = ! antique z well z ! mod]n1 x may be m5tion$ t a wood5 pl[ 0 display$ :i* 0 an exact c\nt]p>t ( ^? us$ #b1jjj ye>s ago 9 ! valley ( ! ,nile4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re is no d\bt ( x--! cause ( mu* human failure & mis]y is insomnia4 ,mr4 ,glad/one has f\nd ! only panacea 9 ,*ri/5dom :i* prev5ts & cures ?is dread disease1 & he gave ! secret to ! _w rec5tly1 :5 he said3 8,i nev] all[ bus9ess ( any k9d to ent] my *amb] door4 ,9 all my political life ,i h nev] be5 kept awake five m9utes by any debate 9 ,p>liam5t40 99 99 99 99 99 ,n[ t ,m>k ,twa9 is attempt+ to become 8 own publi%]1 x may be ( int]e/ to read ! record ( 8 occupations4 ,he has be5 9 turn1 practical pr9t]1 /eamboat pilot1 private secret>y1 m9]1 report]1 lectur] & book-mak]4 ,%\ld he succe$ 9 8 publi%+ s*eme1 he may />t a fa%ion among successful writ]s :i* w be h>d on publi%+ h\ses4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a w9t] resort :]e ! !rmomet] falls frequ5tly to #dj bel[ z]o1 is fully laun*$ at ,s>anac ,lake1 9 ! ,adirondacks4 ,! hotels are report$ full1 & prices ( lots h gone up ) ! usual nimbl5ess :i* *>act]izes embryo resorts4 ,if peculi>1 ?is new fa%ion may s]ve z a bless+ to ! idle & half sick p :o are apt to patronize fa%ionable resorts by br++ into use _m vigor\s & heal?ful w9t] sports4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! wond]ful ,fi% ,riv] caves1 discov]$ la/ ye> 9 ,new ,s\? ,wales1 h be5 giv5 a new "n by ! gov]nm5t ( t c\ntry1 & w h5ce=? be kn[n z ! ,j5olan caves4 ,a/oni%+ discov]ies are report$ to h be5 made !re rec5tly4 ,our own ,k5tucky wond] beg9s to dw9dle be=e ! reports ( ^! new subt]ranean palaces & g>d5s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a read+ p we "k ourselves to be1 b x is r a/oni%+ to discov] t we publi% twelve times z _m daily pap]s z ! ,unit$ ,k+dom4 ,! ,a!num calls att5tion to ! fact t :ile ! ,unit$ ,/ates has "o daily pap] to e #aj1jjj inhabitants1 ! ,engli% h "o to e #abj1jjj4 ,x w\ld be gratify+ if we c\ld feel sure t ! quality /ood 9 ! same ratio4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! "w ( ! ,*autauqua ,univ]sity is attract+ att5tion f> & wide4 ,9 a rec5t issue ( ! ,iri% ,*ri/ian ,advocate1 publi%$ 9 ,belfa/1 we notice 9 answ] to a correspond5t's qu]y1 z to 8,:at is ! ,*autauqua ,univ]sity80 a long & en?usia/ic article ^u ! plan4 ,! adaptation ( ! 8,*autauqua ,idea0 to all p & all c\ntries is v wond]ful4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a lady is said to h rec5tly (f]$ #ej1jjj to ! ,bo/on s*ool au?orities1 to be devot$ to ! fill+ ( ! tee? ( *ildr5 ^: p>5ts 7 too poor to employ d5ti/s4 ,%\ld %e devote h] money to ! pur*ase ( too? bru%es & too?picks1 & employ a police ( tee?1 :o w\ld compel _! daily use by *ildr5 f babyhood up1 %e w\ld conf] an ine/imable b5efit ^u future g5]ations4 99 99 99 99 99 ,frances ,p[] ,cobbe1 well kn[n to ! read]s ( ,,! ,,*autauquan1 concludes h] p[]ful article on 8,a ,fai?less ,_w10 9 ! ,decemb] issue ( ,! ,contempor>y ,review1 ) ^! /rong words3 8,we h be5 told t 9 ! ev5t ( ! fall ( religion1 #8life w\ld rema9 9 mo/ p>ticul>s & to mo/ p mu* :at x is at pres5t2' x appe>s to me1 on ! contr>y1 t !re is actually no?+ 9 life :i* w\ld be left un*ang$ aft] su* a cata/rophe40 99 99 99 99 99 ,a wise ?+ is be+ done 9 ,london4 ,a s]ies ( popul> lectures ^u ! subject ( precautions--national1 local & p]sonal--to be tak5 aga9/ *ol]a1 has be5 begun4 ,n[ t ! m5ace ( ?is dread disease hangs ov] our own c\ntry1 x w\ld be a s5sible plan = cities & villages to provide a simil> c\rse ( in/ruction4 ,x c\ld be easily arrang$1 too4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we are happy to ext5d congratulations to a well kn[n contributor to ,,! ,,*autauquan1 ,mr4 ,c4 ,e4 ,bi%op4 ,mr4 ,bi%op 0 m>ri$ 9 ,buffalo1 ,decemb] #ca/1 to ,miss ,emma ,mulk9s1 ( t city4 ,z ! =m] editor ( ! ,jame/[n 7,n4 ,y47 ,j\rnal1 ( ! ,buffalo ,express1 & at pres5t ( ,! ,c\ntryside1 ( ,new ,york1 z an editorial writ] on ,! ,assembly ,h]ald1 z ! au?or ( 8,pictures 9 ,engli% ,hi/ory10 & ( frequ5t ent]ta9+ articles 9 our columns1 ,mr4 ,bi%op is widely & favorably kn[n4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! assignee's sale ( ! /ock ( import$ books & f9e art publications ( ,mr4 ,j4 ,w4 ,b\ton1 ( ,new ,york1 is n[ adv]tis$4 ,x is a real %ock to "k t ?is r>e collection mu/ be sacrific$4 ,= ye>s 8 rooms h be5 a resort = book lov]s1 & a lib]al education to ! loit]]s ab\t 8 c\nt]s4 ,p]haps !re is no collection 9 ,am]ica1 outside ( ! libr>ies1 ! sale ( :i* w\ld cause su* g5]al regret4 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,notes ,,on ,,requir$ ,,read+s ,,= ,,febru>y4 ,,college ,,greek ,,c\rse ,,9 ,,engli%4 ,articles on ,plato may be f\nd 9 ! foll[+ works3 ,plato's 8,republic10 ,de ,qu9cey2 8,plato10 ,encyclopdia ,britannica2 ,smi?'s 8,greek & ,roman ,biography10 at ! beg9n+ ( ! v>i\s editions ( 8 works2 ,mahaffey's 8,classical ,greek ,lit]ature20 ,mll]'s 8,lit]ature ( ,anci5t ,greece20 8,aga9/ ! ,a!i/s10 ,*ri/ian ,exam9]1 vol4 xl1 p4 #ajh2 8,life ( ,plato10 ,me?odi/ ,qu>t]ly1 vol4 xx1 p4 #cfh2 8,on ! ,immortality ( ! ,s\l10 ,*ri/ian ,repository1 vol4 xxii1 p4 #ejg2 8,platonism10 ,bapti/ ,qu>t]ly1 vol4 i1 p4 #bb2 8,e?ical ,philosophy10 ,am]ican ,*ur* ,repository1 vol4 xxii1 p4 #age4 ,p4 #hf4--8;,cic]o10 etc4 ,! 8,de ,republica0 0 a dialogue on :at is ! be/ =m ( ! /ate2 ! 8,city ( ,god0 treats ( ! body ( ,*ri/ians 9 di/9ction f ! ,city ( ! ,_w1 or ^? out ( ! *ur*4 ,/4 ,augu/9e wrote ?is book aft] ! sack ( ,rome by ,al>ic to answ] ! ass]tion t ! de/ruction ( ! c\ntry 0 a puni%m5t = ! des]tion ( ! pagan deities2 8,utopia0 is ! /ory ( an imag9>y l& suppos$ to h be5 discov]$ by a companion ( ,am]igo ,vespucci1 :]e ! laws 7 p]fect2 ! 8,new ,atlantis0 0 an isl& 9 ! middle ( ! ,atlantic ,ocean1 :]e ,bacon repres5ts himself to h be5 %ipwreck$1 & :]e he f\nd societies = cultivat+ art & ! sci5ces4 ,p4 #if4--8;,dmon40 8,?is demon or g5ius ( ,socrates1 :i* 0 n p]sonifi$ by himself1 0 reg>d$ by ,plut>* z an int]m$iate be+ betwe5 gods & m51 by ! fa!rs ( ! *ur* z an evil _s1 by ,le ,cl]c z "o ( ! fall5 angels1 by ,fic9o & ,daci] z a good angel1 & by lat] writ]s z a p]sonification ( consci5ce or practical in/9ct1 or individual tact40 ,p4 #ih4--8,orig540 7#ahe8-bed87 ,?is em95t writ] ( ! e>ly *ur* fa!rs made an ef=t to reconcile ,platonism ) ,*ri/ianity1 & 9 8 comm5t>ies on ! ,scriptures us$ ! allegorical me?od almo/ entirely4 8,! lit]al s5se is always second>y2 & ! critic nev] fails :]e x is possible to f9d 9 ! simple/ fact or ! pla9e/ exhortation "s hidd5 mean+40 ,p4 #ii4--8,lemma40 ,:5 9 demon/rat+ a proposition a second proposition is introduc$ & assum$ z true1 or demon/rat$ = imm$iate use1 x is call$ a lemma4 ,p4 #ajj4--8,oneida ,community40 ,a society f\nd$ at ,oneida1 ,new ,york ,/ate1 by "o ,john ,humphrey ,noyes1 a p]fectioni/4 ,he introduc$ into ?is community 8 peculi> views1 p]suad+ !m to practice a community ( wom5 & ( goods1 to all[ wom5 equal bus9ess & social privileges ) ! m51 & to live 9 a 8unit>y home40 ,p4 #ajd4--8,sil5us40 ,an att5dant ( ,bac*us4 ,he is repres5t$ z a v ugly old man1 fat1 ) a bald head & pug nose1 & always intoxicat$4 ,g5]ally he rode an ass or 0 c>ri$ by ! satyrs4 ,sil5us 0 also repres5t$ z an inspir$ prophet4 ,:5 drunk & asleep he 0 9 ! p[] ( mortals :o c\ld compel him to s+ & prophesy by surr\nd+ him ) *a9s ( fl[]s4 ,p4 #aje4--8,m>syas40 ,see ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,notes1 page #eg ( ,,! ,,*autauquan = ,octob]4 8,corybantian revel]40 ,s call$ f ! ,corybantes1 ! prie/s ( ,cybele 9 ,phrygia4 ,!y celebrat$ h] wor%ip 9 ! wilde/1 mo/ fr5zi$ dances4 ,! drum & cymbal accompani$ ?is dance4 ,p4 #ajg4--8;,brasidas40 ,! mo/ fam\s ( ! ,sp>tan lead]s 9 ! ,peloponnesian ,w>4 ,aft] tak+ _m ,a!nian cities 9 ,mac$onia he 0 kill$ at ,amphipolis1 :]e he defeat$ ,cleon4 ,he 0 honor$ by ! inhabitants z a h]o4 8,ne/or40 ,an ag$ ,greek h]o ( ! ,trojan w>1 ^: wisdom & advice 7 consid]$ equal to ! gods4 8,ant5or0 held a position among ! ,trojans simil> to t ( ,ne/or among ! ,greeks4 ,8 advice1 h[ev]1 0 n foll[$ by 8 c\ntrym51 & he (f]$ to deliv] ! city to ! ,greeks4 ,^u ! capture ( ,troy he 0 sp>$ by ! victors4 ,p4 #ajh4--8;,boreas40 ,! ,nor? ,w9d 0 fabl$ to live 9 ,?race4 ,! allusion "h is to ! /ory t he c>ri$ away ,ori?yia1 ! daught] ( ! k+ ( ,attica1 = 8 wife4 8,agra20 ! demus s\? ( ,attica 0 call$ ,agra4 ,x conta9$ two temples2 "o to ,diana1 ! o!r to ,c]es4 8,typhon40 ,a mon/] born ( ,t>t>us & ,ga1 :o attempt$ to rev5ge ! ov]?r[ ( ! ,titans4 ,8 head rea*$ to heav51 8 eyes p\r$ =? flame1 & s]p5ts 7 tw9$ ab\t 8 body4 ,jupit] kill$ him ) lightn+4 ,p4 #aji4--8;,agnus ,ca/us10 or ! 8*a/e tree10 ! "n giv5 to a plant native to ! ,m$it]ranean c\ntries1 :i* became associat$ ) ! idea ( *a/ity1 x is said1 f ! simil>ity ( ! "n agnus to ! ,greek ^w *a/e4 ,grecian matrons /rew$ _! c\*es ) its leaves dur+ ! fea/ ( ,c]es1 & 9 ! conv5ts ( ,s\!rn ,europe a syrup made ( its fruit 0 us$ by ! nuns4 8,a*el\s40 ,a riv] god--a son ( ,oceanus--f ! e>lie/ times wor%ip$ g5]ally ?r\gh\t ,greece4 ,at "o "t he took ! =m ( a bull 9 a fight ) ,h]cules1 :o conqu]$ him & took "o ( 8 horns4 ,?is horn ! ,naiads aft]w>d *ang$ into ! horn ( pl5ty4 ,p4 #aah4--8,sunium40 ,! promontory =m+ ! s\!rn extremity ( ,attica2 a t[n ( ! same "n /ood ^u x4 ,p4 #aba4--8,swan's ,utt]ance40 ,ref]r+ to ! fable told ( ! swan1 t x s+s its sweete/ song at dea?--8! sweete/ song is ! la/ he s+s40 ,?us 9 8,o!llo10 8,i w play ! swan & die 9 music40 ,p4 #abg4--,! *apt] on s*ylus may be supplem5t$ by ! foll[+ read+s3 8,!ory ( ,greek ,trag$y10 ,de ,qu9cey2 ,mll]1 ,mure1 & ,mahaffy on s*ylus1 9 _! hi/ories ( ,greek ,lit]ature2 ,talf\rd's 8,tragic ,poets ( ,greece10 f 8,hi/ory ( ,greek ,lit]ature20 ,symond's 8,/udies ( ! ,greek ,poets10 ,*ri/ian ,exam9]1 ,vol4 xliii1 p4 #adj2 ,contempor>y ,magaz9e1 ,vol4 iii1 p4 #cea2 ,biblia ,sacra1 ,vol4 xvi1 p4 #ced2 ,nor? ,am]ican ,review1 ,vol4 lxvii1 p4 #djg4 ,p4 #abi4--8;,cyprid40 ,a poem1 au?or unkn[n1 call$ ,cyprid or ,cypria1 8ei!r because ! au?or came f ,cyprus1 or because x celebrat$ ! ,cyprian goddess1 ,aphrodite1 & detail$ f ! comm5cem5t h] action 9 ! ,trojan w>4''' ,! poem 0 an introduction to ! #8,iliad1' tell+ a va/ numb] ( my?s & lead+ ! read] f ! fir/ cause ( ! w> up to ! t5? ye> ( its duration4 ,x is easy to see t su* a va/ subject1 loosely connect$1 mu/ h fail$ to af=d ! arti/ic unity :i* und]lies ! c\rse ( ! #8,iliad4'0 8,little ,iliad40 ,a poem by ,les*es1 a ,lesbian4 ,x relates ! complete /ory ( ! sack ( ,troy1 f ! conte/ ( ,a*illes to ! fall ( ,troy4 ,! 8,competition = ! ,arms10 we h _h 9 ! 8,iliad40 8,philoctetes0 0 ! *ief ar*] ( ! ,greeks1 hav+ be5 in/ruct$ by ,h]cules 9 ! use ( ! b[4 ,on ! voyage to ,troy he 0 bitt5 by a snake & left on ! isl& ( ,lemnos4 ,9 ! t5? ye> ( ! w> ! oracle decl>$ ! city c\ld n be tak5 )\t ! arr[s ( ,h]cules4 ,philoctetes 0 br\ght1 & hav+ sla9 ,p>is1 ! city 0 tak54 8,neoptolemus10 a son ( ,a*illes1 0 "o ( ! w>riors t ! oracle decl>$ necess>y = ! capture ( ,troy4 ,he 0 "o ( ! h]oes conceal$ 9 ! wood5 horse4 8,eurypylus0 :o came f ,orm5ion to ,troy1 play$ a prom95t "p 9 battle1 slay+ _m ,trojans2 he 0 w\nd$ by ,p>is4 8,ulysses ,m5dicant10 ! /ory ( ! w&]+s ( ,ulysses4 8,lacna10 ! ,lac$monian woman1 ref]r+ to ,hel54 8,illii-p]sis10 treats ( ! plund]+ ( ,troy aft] ! capture1 & 8,apoplus10 ( ! sail+ away ( ! %ips4 8,s9on40 ,aft] ! wood5 horse 0 f9i%$1 ,s9on mutilat$ 8 body & all[$ himself to be captur$ by ! ,trojans4 ,he told !m t he _h be5 maltreat$ by 8 c\ntrym51 & t if !y 7! ,trojans7 w\ld drag ! horse into ! city !y w\ld conqu] ! ,greeks4 ,aft] ! ,trojans _h foll[$ 8 advice he let ! ,greeks out ( ! horse4 8,troades10 ! ,trojans4 ,p4 #acd4--8,trilogy40 ,a set ( ?ree dramas4 ,ea* "o is 9 itself complete1 b ! ?ree are relat$1 "o ev5t foll[+ or gr[+ out ( ano!r1 z 9 ,%aksp]e's ,h5ry ,,vi4 ,p4 #acg4--8,new made k+s40 ,?is allusion w be expla9$ by read+ ! /ory ( ,cronos & ,zeus on page #gg ( ,,! ,,*autauquan = ,novemb]4 ,p4 #add4--8,sweet ,muse-,"m40 ,see page #gc ( 8,brief ,hi/ory ( ,greece40 ,p4 #ade4--8,mantic40 ,prophetic2 d]iv$ f ! ,greek ^w = prophetic4 ,p4 #aeb4--8,protagoni/40 ,"o :o fills ! lead+ "p 9 a drama1 & h5ce 9 any ent]prise4 ,p4 #aec4--8;,ettrick ,%eph]d40 ,a "n giv5 to ! ,scotti% poet1 ,james ,hogg4 ,8 home 0 9 ! ,ettrick =e/1 & :5 a boy he _h be5 a %eph]d4 ,! ref]5ce "h is to ! articles he contribut$ to ! s]ies ( pap]s :i* appe>$ 9 ,blackwood betwe5 #ahbb & #ahce1 call$ ,noctes ,ambrosian1 & :i* 7 pr9cipally writt5 by ,*ri/oph] ,nor?4 ,p4 #aed4--8,sophocles40 ,9 connection ) ! *apt] on ,sophocles ! foll[+ read+s may be us$3 8,classical ,writ]s10 an essay on 8 life & writ+s by ,campbell2 ,talf\rd's 8,hi/ory ( ,greek ,lit]ature10 *apt] on 8,! ,tragic ,poets ( ,greece20 ,symond's 8,/udies ( ! ,greek ,poets20 ,bapti/ ,qu>t]ly1 ,jan4 #ahgg2 ,mahaffy's 8,hi/ory ( ,classical ,greek ,lit]ature20 ,mure's 8,critical ,hi/ory ( ! ,language & ,lit]ature ( ,anci5t ,greece20 an acc\nt ( ! p]=mance ( 8dipus ,tyrannus10 at ,h>v>d 9 ,may1 #ahha1 w be f\nd 9 ,! ,c5tury1 ,novemb]1 #ahha2 ,h>v>d ,regi/]1 ,april1 #ahha2 ,bo/on ,sunday ,h]ald1 ,m>* #bg1 #ahha2 ,new ,york ,ev5+ ,po/1 ,april #bb1 #ahha4 ,p4 #agc4--8;,aban40 ,f ,aba1 a t[n ( ,phocis1 :]e /ood a v anci5t temple & oracle ( ,apollo4 ,,*emi/ry4 ,p4 #ac4--,! abbreviations us$ 9 ! atomic symbols are tak5 f ! ,lat9 or ,greek names1 & :5 ^! diff] f ! ,engli% !re seems to be no correspond5ce betwe5 ! "n ( ! elem5t & its atomic symbol2 z ,au = gold4 ,hydrog5 is ! lighte/ =m ( matt] kn[n1 & ! weight ( its atom is tak5 z ! unit ( ! sy/em ( weights4 ,9 ! table ! numb]s 9 ! column ( atomic weights give ! weight ( "o atom ( ea* sub/ance z comp>$ ) "o atom ( hydrog54 ,= in/ance1 an atom ( alum9um is tw5ty-sev5 times z heavy z an atom ( hydrog54 ,a-lumi-num2 ,brmne2 ,caesium 7ksi-um72 ,c]ium 7seri-um72 ,*lor9e 7klrne72 ,*rmi-um2 ,di-dyni-um2 ,erbi-um2 ,fluor-ne2 ,gll-um2 ,hydro-g52 ,glu-c9um 7glu-snum72 ,i-rid-um2 ,io-dne2 ,lan?a-num2 ,li?-um2 ,manganese 7manga-neze72 ,ml-yb-dnum2 ,n-obi-um2 ,ntr-g52 ,osmi-um2 ,pal-ld-um2 ,phosph-rus2 ,plat-num1 or ,pla-tnum2 ,po-tass-um2 ,rhd-um2 ,ru-bidi-um2 ,ru-?n-um2 ,scand-um2 ,se-ln-um2 ,/rontium 7/ron%-um72 ,tanta-lum2 ,tel-luri-um2 ,?alli-um2 ,?ori-um2 ,t-tani-um2 ,tung/52 ,u-rni-um2 ,va-ndi-um2 ,yt-t]bi-um2 ,zir-cni-um4 ,p4 #ai4--8;,guyt5 de ,morveau10 gwton dh morv4 7#agcg-ahaf47 ,a ,fr5* *emi/4 ,he sugge/$ a new nom5clature :i* 0 adopt$ by ,lavoisi]1 & wrote a 8,diction>y ( ,*emi/ry40 ,p4 #cc4--,! symbols are to be read by call+ ! lett]s & ! small numb]s "o aft] ! o!r1 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y occur4 ,if a comp\nd conta9s an elem5t :i* requires two lett]s to express x1 ! latt] "o1 always a small lett]1 z on page #ce1 ,ag,n,o1 x is to be read 9 ! same way1 ) a %ort] pause betwe5 ! ,a & g ?an betwe5 ! o!r lett]s1 z ,a-g--,n--,o-4 ,ag & ,o might be comp>$ to words ( two syllables4 ,! numb] always belongs to ! lett] :i* x foll[s4 ,p4 #fj4 8,sir ,humphrey ,davy40 ,see ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,notes1 page #ei ( vol4 v ( ,,! ,,*autauquan4 8,biot10 ,jean ,bapti/e 7b74 7#aggd-ahfb47 ,a ,fr5* savant4 ,8 fame re/s ^u 8 ma!matical1 physical1 & a/ronomical writ+s4 ,biot's description ( ,cav5di%1 translat$ f ! ,fr5*3 8,! ri*e/ ( all le>n$ m51 & probably1 also1 ! mo/ le>n$ ( all ri* m540 ,p4 #fc4--8,la ,trappe40 ,a ,b5$ict9e conv5t 9 ,france1 fam\s = ! au/]ity ( its monks1 f\nd$ 9 ! twelf? c5tury4 8,van ,helmont40 7#aegg-afdd47 ,a ,flemi% physician1 *emi/1 & philosoph]4 ,he attempt$ a re=m 9 m$ic9e1 b 8 sy/em 0 s m+l$ ) my/icism t x is n ( mu* practical value4 ,he succe$$1 h[ev]1 9 introduc+ mu* exactness into sci5ce4 ,,notes ,,on ,,requir$ ,,read+s ,,9 8,,! ,,*autauquan40 ,,h[ ,,engli% ,,diff]s ,,f ,,o!r ,,languages4 #a4 ,p]haps ?is absurdity1 & ! complications x involves1 may be bett] illu/rat$ by ! foll[+ few l9es f "o ( ,de,bertrand's novels4 7,!y might be f\nd 9 a doz5 o!rs47 8,madame10 dit il1 8il y a l une fem99e p]sonne qui dem& ,m4 le ,b>on40 8,quelle fem99e e/ cette fem99e p]sonne80 8,c'e/ un mascul9e monsieur10 etc4,i ,?us1 x w be se51 bo? fem99e & mascul9e articles mu/ be us$ to designate ! same object2 & a p]son mu/ be spok5 ( z fem99e1 al?\gh ! p]son is a man2 ! reason be+ t p]sonne1 ! ^w1 is fem99e4--,ri*>d ,grant ,:ite4 ,i 8,madame10 said he1 8!re is a p]son )\t :o asks = ! ,b>on40 8,:o is ?is p]son80 8,x is a g5tleman10 etc4 #b4 ,= contr>y to app>5tly reasonable assumption1 ! hi/ory ( language %[s t m9ute & highly wr\ght grammatical =ms are ! signs1 or at lea/ ! accompanim5ts1 n ( advanc$ civilization & high culture1 b ( a rude & savage condition ( society4 ,! fur!r we p5etrate ! obscure ( antiquity1 ! m gramm> we f9d4 ,! olde/ language kn[n to u1 ! ,sanskrit1 is ! mo/ complex & elaborate 9 its gramm>2 ! y\nge/1 ,engli%1 is1 to all int5ts & purposes1 gramm>less2 & ,sanskrit gramm> is at lea/ f\r ?\s& ye>s old4 ,my read]s w n[ see :y x 0 t ,i said ! m9ute =ms & complicat$ grammatical relations ( ! ,greek language are n ! signs ( a high developm5t ( language1 b 7 relics ( b>b>ism4--,ri*>d ,grant ,:ite4 #c4 8,galore10 g-lore4 ,pl5ty1 abundance4 ,,sunday ,,read+s4 #a4 8,full]10 ,?omas4 7#afjh-affa47 ,an ,engli% au?or & div9e4 8,! /yle ( all 8 writ+s is extremely qua9t & idiomatic1 9 %ort1 simple s5t5ces1 & s+ul>ly free f ! p$antry ( 8 times40--,am]ican ,cyclopdia4 #b4 8,rob]t ,hall40 7#agfd-ahca47 ,an ,engli% writ] & prea*] ( ! ,bapti/ *ur*4 ,:5 he 0 elev5 ye>s ( age 8 tea*] said t he c\ld n keep up ) ! boy4 ,no man 9 mod]n times rank$ high] z an orator4 #c4 8,g\lburn40 7#ahah-47 ,an ,engli% cl]gyman4 ,he 0 9 #ahei head ma/] ( ! ,rugby ,s*ool1 9 #ahff 0 made ,dean ( ,norwi*4 ,he 0 a volum9\s & popul> writ]4 #d4 8,bascom10 ,ri*>d ,h4 7#agif-ahej47 ,an ,am]ican cl]gyman1 bi%op ( ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur*1 ,s\?4 ,8 works comprise s]mons1 addresses & lectures4 ,,*emi/ry4 #a4 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,?is note 0 omitt$ 9 ! orig9al4 ,wikip$ia has to say3 8,9 g5]al 9 anci5t ,greece1 ea* /ate1 city or village possess$ its own c5tral he>? & sacr$ fire1 repres5t+ ! unity & vitality ( ! community4 ,! fire 0 kept alight cont9u\sly1 t5d$ by ! k+ or memb]s ( 8 family4 ,! build+ 9 :i* ?is fire 0 kept 0 ! ,prytaneum1 & ! *iefta9 7! k+ or prytanis7 probably made x 8 resid5ce40 #b4 8,lavoisi]10 lvwze-4 ,see ,appleton's 8,*emi/ry10 pages #ai1 #ba & #aah4 ,he 0 condemn$ to dea? by a revolution>y tribunal at ,p>is on a frivol\s *>ge br\ght aga9/ him z "o ( ! f>m]s ( ! taxes dur+ ! ,reign ( ,t]ror4 #c4 8,phlogi/on10 flo-jiston4 ,/ahl suppos$ x to be pure fire1 fix$ 9 combu/ible bodies 9 ord] to di/+ui% x f fire 9 a /ate ( lib]ty4 #d4 8,magnesium40 ,a %9+1 almo/ silv]-:ite metal4 ,:5 heat$ x may be roll$ out into v ?91 long /rips resembl+ ribbons1 :i* w burn ) an int5se light4 ,9 burn+ x produces magnesium oxide or magnesia1 :i* falls z a f9e :ite p[d]4 #e4 8,dr4 ,prie/ly40 ,see 8,*emi/ry10 page #aah4 7#agcc-ahjd47 ,an em95t ,engli% div9e & philosoph]4 ,8 p>tiality to ! ,fr5* ,revolution excit$ ! ,engli% aga9/ him1 & 9 "o ( ! riots 8 home1 libr>y & manuscripts 7 de/roy$ by ! fire k9dl$ by an angry mob4 ,8 lat] home 0 9 ,nor?umb]l&1 ,pa4 ,he wrote betwe5 sev5ty & eighty volumes on hi/ory1 lit]ature1 !ology & sci5ce4 #f4 ,9 a few volcanic di/ricts /eam escapes f ! e>?1 :i* conta9s small quantities ( boric acid4 ,^! vapors are cond5s$ into wat]1 :i* is aga9 evaporat$ & ! acid cry/alliz$ out4 ,:5 ?is acid is mix$ ) alcohol & ! solution set on fire x burns ) a gre5 flame4 ,see 8,*emi/ry10 page #aeg4 #g4 8,corpuscles ( ! blood40 ,m9ute p>ticles1 bo? r$ & :ite1 exi/+ 9 ! blood1 :i* c be se5 "u a microscope4 ,9 ! human species ! r$ corpuscles are ?ick & circul>4 ,!y are s small t ,"y says x w\ld take #bee1jjj ( !m to cov] a surface ( a squ>e in*4 ,!y are ela/ic & pliant1 s t !y c pass ?r\gh blood vessels hav+ a small] diamet] ?an !mselves4 ,! :ite corpuscles are m globul> ?an ! r$1 & conta9 m fat1 & h ! p[] ( *ang+ _! =m4 ,^! spontane\s *anges h be5 ?\ght by "s sci5ti/s a pro( t !y are microscopic animals4 ,b ?is is sc>cely a suffici5t reason = admitt+ t !y are animalcul1 z ! muscles ( a body1 :5 sep>at$ f x1 (t5 manife/ app>5tly spontane\s movem5ts4 #h4 ,phosphoric acid is always produc$ by burn+ phosphorus 9 air or oxyg54 ,! exp]im5t may be p]=m$ z foll[s1 b be=e und]tak+ x see page #afg ( ! 8,*emi/ry10 & note ) h[ mu* c>e x mu/ be h&l$3 ,place a fragm5t ( c>efully dri$ phosphorus 9 a small cup on a /& 9 ! middle ( a l>ge plate1 ignite x by a hot wire1 & place ov] x a bell-glass4 ,:ite fumes w fill ! glass & aggregate into small p>ticles1 :i* w fall to ! plate1 pres5t+ ! appe>ance ( a m9iature sn[ /orm4 #i4 ,b>ium is a yell[1 lu/r\s1 malleable metal4 ,x is us$ 9 fireworks1 = ! gre5 color x gives (f 9 burn+4 #aj4 8,bayb]ries40 ,! plant1 call$ also wax myrtle1 is a l[1 crook$ %rub f\nd ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 especially ne> ! sea coa/4 ,x gr[s to a height ( f ?ree to eight feet4 ,! nak$ fl[]s appe> 9 ,april & ,may1 9 clu/]s1 ( :i* f f\r to n9e rip5 into dry b]ries4 ,plantations ( !m h long be5 cultivat$ 9 ,europe1 & !y h be5 rais$ 9 ,alg]ia4 ,= _m ye>s !y h be5 an article ( comm]ce4 ,a bu%el ( ! b]ries w yield f f\r to five p\nds ( wax4 #aa4 8,/rontium40 ,x takes its "n f ,/rontian1 9 ,scotl&1 :]e x 0 fir/ obs]v$ z a c>bonate4 ,x is a pale yell[ metal1 h>d] ?an lead4 ,if /rontium c>bonate be dissolv$ 9 nitric acid & mix$ ) combu/ible sub/ances x w burn ) a beautiful c>m9e r$ flame1 & = ?is purpose is mu* us$ 9 fireworks4 #ab4 8,sodium40 ,see 8,*emi/ry10 page #fg4 ,x is a lu/r\s1 silv]-:ite1 s(t metal4 ,:5 ?r[n ^u wat]1 if x be prev5t$ f mov+1 or if ! wat] be w>m1 x ignites1 burn+ ) its *>act]i/ic yell[ flame4 #ac4 ,ext+ui%+ flame by c>bon di-oxide4 ,see 8,*emi/ry10 page #bah4 #ad4 8,lignite40 ,also call$ br[n coal4 ,x is ! mo/ imp]fectly m9]aliz$ =m ( coal4 ,9 "s in/ances plants are s little *ang$ t !y c easily be classifi$ by ! /ructure ( ! leaves & ! fruit4 ,! fib] has become s impregnat$ ) bitum5 t x burns ) its peculi> flame & smoke4 ,! jet s mu* us$ 9 jewelry is a black v>iety ( lignite1 v compact 9 texture1 & tak+ a high poli%4 #ae4 8,koh9oor10 koh-i-noor 7m\nta9 ( light74 ,?is fam\s /one is n[ 9 possession ( ,que5 ,victoria4 ,x 0 obta9$ be=e ! ,*ri/ian era 9 "o ( ! m9es ( ,golconda1 & pass$ to successive sov]eigns ( ,india until x 0 borne away by a ,p]sian conqu]or 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,9 #ahac x 0 b\ght back by ! rul] ( ,punjaub4 ,:5 ,punjaub 0 annex$ to ! ,ea/ ,india ,company's t]ritory x 0 surr5d]$ to ! ,que5 ( ,engl&4 ,x is said to h weigh$ ab\t #ijj c>ats orig9ally1 b by cutt+ to h be5 r$uc$ to a weight ( ne>ly #bgi c>ats4 ,by recutt+ x 0 aga9 r$uc$ s z to weigh #ahf c>ats1 & at ?is "t 0 %[n 7#ahea7 at ! ,great ,exhibition4 ,s9ce t "t x has be5 aga9 recut1 = ! ?ird "t1 & n[ weighs #abc c>ats1 & is e/imat$ at #fjj1jjj4 ,= ! o!r 8,p>agons0 see 8,*emi/ry10 page #bjd4 ,x is que/ion$ :e!r ! 8,gr& ,mogul0 is a pure diamond4 ,! l>ge/ und\bt$ diamond is ! 8,orl(f10 9 ! scept] ( ! ,emp]or ( ,russia4 ,x weighs #aid c>ats4 ,! 8,reg5t0 or 8,pitt0 is ?\ght to be ! pure/ & mo/ p]fect brilliant 9 ,europe4 ,x weighs n[ #acf c>ats1 b its orig9al weight 0 #daj c>ats1 & ! fragm5ts split (f :5 x 0 cut 7 valu$ at "s ?\s& p\nds4 ,x 0 plac$ 9 ! hilt ( ! sword ( /ate by ,napoleon ,i4 ,! 8,gr& ,duke0 belongs to ! ,emp]or ( ,au/ria1 & weighs #acd c>ats4 ,! 8,/> ( ! ,s\?10 f\nd 9 ,brazil1 weighs #abd c>ats4 ,! 8,sancy0 weighs only #ec c>ats4 ,x belongs to ! ,emp]or ( ,russia4 #af4 8,golconda40 ,an anci5t city & =tress ( ,india1 once ! metropolis ( ! k+dom ( ,golconda4 ,x is r5[n$ = its diamonds1 :i* are1 9 tru?1 only cut !re4 #ag4 8,! ,d>k ,cont95t40 ,africa1 s call$ because s little has be5 kn[n ( x ?r\gh all hi/ory2 b ?r\gh ! zeal & ent]prise ( mod]n explor]s we are l$ to hope t 8! day is n f> di/ant :5 ! secret places ( ?is l& ( my/]y w be p5etrat$ by ! light ( sci5ce & civilization40 ,,temp]ance ,,tea*+s ,,( ,,sci5ce4 #a4 8,malice prep5se40 ,malice a=e?\ght1 delib]ately & previ\sly plann$4 #b4 8,pr(essor ,newman40 ,see ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,notes 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan = ,novemb] #ahhd1 page #aae4 #c4 8,c>d9al ,mann+40 7#ahjh-47 ,an ,engli% ,roman ,ca?olic c>d9al1 ! au?or ( sev]al works4 ,he is ! son ( ! late ,william ,mann+1 memb] ( ,p>liam5t1 & gov]nor ( ! ,bank ( ,engl&4 ,he 0 educat$ at ,ox=d1 z a memb] ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,9 #aheg he jo9$ ! ,ca?olics1 & 0 orda9$ prie/4 ,9 #ahfe he 0 nom9at$ by ! pope ,ar*bi%op ( ,we/m9/]1 & 9 #ahge he 0 made c>d9al1 an (fice next 9 rank to t ( pope4 ,he is "o ( ! mo/ prom95t m5 9 ,london1 & ! lead+ repres5tative ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,engl&4 #d4 8,?ugs40 ,a set ( robb]s & assass9s :o liv$ 9 ,india1 & wor%ip$ ! goddess ,kali4 ,!y roam$ ov] ! c\ntry 9 b&s1 & put to dea? by /rangulation any travel] :om !y met4 ,! ,briti% gov]nm5t has ext]m9at$ !m4 #e4 8,leibnitz40 ,see notes on ! 8,art ( ,spee*0 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan = ,novemb]1 #ahhd4 #f4 8,"l ,palm]/on40 7#aghd-ahfe47 ,a ,briti% /atesman4 ,he succe$$ ,"l ,ab]de5 z prime m9i/] 9 #ahee1 & retir$ 9 #aheh1 on acc\nt ( ! defeat ( a bill introduc$ ) ref]5ce to ! attempt$ murd] ( ,napoleon ,,iii4 by ,ors9i4 ,9 #ahei he 0 aga9 made premi] & held ! po/ until 8 dea?4 #g4 8,lo* ,fyne40 ,an inlet ( ! sea on ! we/]n coa/ ( ,scotl&1 runn+ into ,argyle = ab\t =ty miles1 ) an av]age wid? ( five miles4 ,! t[n ( ,inv]>y /&s ne> its head4 #h4 8,homb]g40 ,a t[n 9 ,prussia1 not$ = ! gambl+ :i* 0 ext5sively c>ri$ on !re =m]ly1 b :i* 0 suppress$ by ! ,prussian gov]nm5t 9 #ahgj4 8,bad510 or 8,bad5-,bad540 ,a ,g]man wat]+ place situat$ on ! ,oos1 at ! foot ( ! ,black ,=e/4 ,x 0 =m]ly celebrat$ = ! gam+ tables f\nd 9 ! ,conv]sation%aus1 :i* 0 ! pr9cipal resort = visitors4 ,! lic5ses = gambl+ expir$ 9 #ahgb1 & h n s9ce be5 r5ew$4 ,^? :o h read 8,daniel ,d]onda0 w rememb] t x 0 at ,bad5 t ,d]onda fir/ saw ,gw5dol5 ,h>le?1 :5 %e 0 engag$ 9 gambl+4 ,! description ( ! p]sons ga!r$ r\nd ! long tables is v int]e/+ & vivid1 & gives a good insight into fa%ionable life at ,bad5 9 ^? days4 #i4 8,"l ,br\gham40 7#aggi-ahfh47 ,"l ,*ancellor ( ,engl&4 ,he took a /rong /& on ! side ( ! suppression ( ! slave trade1 & favor$ ,roman ,ca?olic emancipation1 & labor$ e>ne/ly 9 ! cause ( popul> education4 ,z an orator he 0 second only to ,cann+4 ,,kit*5 ,,sci5ce ,,& ,,art4 #a4 8,alkaloid40 ,! "n giv5 to ^? extracts ( vegetables :i* w unite ) acids to =m salts4 #b4 8,caffe9e10 caf-fine4 ,! alkaloid ( c(fee2 ! same extract ( tea is call$ ?ine4 ,x is pres5t 9 c(fee to ! ext5t ( "o p] c5t42 9 tea f two to six p] c5t4 ,x c be extract$ by us+ acetate ( lead4 ,x has a bitt] ta/e1 & acts p[]fully ^u ! sy/em :5 tak5 9 doses ( f two to t5 gra9s1 caus+ palpitation ( ! he>t1 confusion ( ! s5ses1 & sleeplessness4 #c4 8,!o-brom9e40 ,! alkaloid ( *ocolate1 extract$ 9 ! same mann] z f tea or c(fee4 #d4 8,!a viridis10 !a vir-dis4 7,gre5 tea47 ,! "n giv5 to t species ( tea plant =m]ly suppos$ to yield gre5 tea4 #e4 8,camilliace10 cam-milli-ce-e4 ,an ord] ( plants compris+ trees or %rubs ) alt]nate1 simple1 fea!r-ve9$ leaves1 & regul> fl[]s4 #f4 8,loblolly bay40 ,a tree f\nd 9 ! ,s\!rn ,/ates1 gr[+ to ! height ( f ?irty to eighty feet1 hav+ long1 n>r[ leaves1 & l>ge1 :ite fl[]s1 ab\t two in*es across1 & resembl+ ! s+le camellia4 #g4 8,/u>tia40 ,catesby4 ,a %rub hav+ decidu\s leaves1 & l>ge1 fragrant1 :ite fl[]s4 #h4 8,tann940 ,! a/r+5t pr9ciple conta9$ 9 a great v>iety ( plants1 :i* r5d]s !m capable ( comb9+ ) sk9s ( animals to =m lea!r4 #i4 8,turm]ic10 turmeric4 ,a "n giv5 to ! tub]-l root ( a plant f\nd 9 ,asia4 ,z prep>$ = comm]ce ! roots are ( ! size ( ! little f+]1 & two or ?ree in*es long1 ( a yell[i% color4 ,!y h an odor l g+]1 & an aromatic ta/e4 ,!y =m an orange-yell[ p[d]1 :i* is us$ 9 dye+4 ,prussian blue is prep>$ f prussic acid1 potassium1 & a solution ( sulphate ( iron4 ,gypsum is a native sulphate ( lime1 t1 :5 calc9$1 =ms pla/] ( ,p>is4 #aj4 8,cap]40 ,! cap] bu% is a native ( ! s\? ( ,europe2 x is a climb+ %rub :i* fl[]s all summ]4 ,! buds are ga!r$ e morn+1 & pres]v$ 9 v9eg> & salt4 ,!y h an agreeable pung5cy ( ta/e4 8,pekoe40 ,! "y leaf buds ( a k9d ( tea kn[n z ! pekoe1 :i* is ! *oice/ ( black teas1 are ga!r$ z e>ly z ,april1 & sometimes mix$ ) o!r teas1 to flavor !m4 #aa4 8,case9e10 cse-ine4 ,an organic comp\nd alli$ to album51 f\nd 9 milk4 ,x may be coagulat$ & sep>at$ f ! milk by ! application ( r5net4 #ab4 8,cibb]10 sibb]4 7#afga-ageg47 ,an ,engli% poet1 appo9t$ to be poet laureate 9 #agcj4 ,he figures 9 ! 8,dunciad40 ,see ,,! ,,*autauquan1 vol4 v1 page #bac4 #ac4 8,wall]40 7#afje-afhg47 ,an ,engli% poet4 #ad4 8,c(fea ,arabica10 c(-fea ,a-rabi-ca4 #ae4 8,rubiace10 ru-bi-ase-4 ,an ord] ( h]bace\s plants ( :i* !re are ?ree or f\r hundr$ species2 ab\nd+ *iefly 9 ! nor!rn hemisph]e & ^u ! m\nta9s 9 ! tropics4 #af4 8,b\v>dias40 ,a class ( autumn & w9t] bloom+ h\se plants 9 ! nor!rn climates4 ,leaves regul>2 fl[]s appe> 9 clu/]s1 & are some?+ l ! honeysuckle 9 =m4 ,!y v>y 9 color f a pure :ite to a deep sc>let4 #ag4 8,koran40 ,! sacr$ book ( ! ,mohamm$ans1 & _! *ief au?ority1 also1 9 political1 milit>y1 & e?ical matt]s4 #ah4 8,caffeone40 ,a fragrant1 volatile oil conta9$ 9 c(fee4 #ai4 8,/]culiace10 /]cu-li-ase-4 ,l>ge trees or %rubs1 ) simple or comp\nd leaves1 & fl[]s l ^? ( ! mall[1 except t ! an!rs turn outw>d4 #bj4 8,mah]nia10 usually call$ ,mah]nia odorata1 is an exotic fl[]+ %rub cultivat$ 9 cons]vatories1 mo/ly = its ri* fragrance4 ,,h\sehold ,,bev]ages4 #a4 8,made-ov] tea40 ,9 ,*9ese tea h\ses1 l>ge j>s are kept1 into :i* ! dregs ( all ! tea t has be5 us$ are ?r[n4 ,^! exhau/$ leaves are dri$1 c>efully roll$ aga91 & ?r[n ^u ! m>ket = a second sale4 ,x is said ?is tea is easily detect$ if color+ matt] has be5 us$1 b :5 re-roll$ )\t1 only a *emical analysis c disclose ! fraud4 #b4 8,reliable40 ,mu* fault has be5 f\nd by critics ) ?is ^w4 ,x is claim$ t x has no "r to a place 9 our language4 ,able or ible is a suffix :i*1 add$ to ! /em ( a transitive v]b1 gives an adjective :i* may be def9$ by plac+ ! ^w able be=e ! passive inf9itive ( ! v]b ^: /em has be5 us$2 = example3 tol]able1 able to be tol]at$2 admissable1 able to be admitt$2 d5iable1 able to be d5i$1 etc4 ,b reliable means able to be reli$ ^u4 ,! preposition has to be suppli$4 ,! prop] =m ( ! adjective w\ld be ! awkw>d ^w1 8relionable10 or 8reliuponable40 ,! ^w is favor$ 9 ! diction>ies1 b tru/wor?y is pref]able4 #c4 8,cosey40 ,a wadd$ cap made to fit ! tea-pot closely1 & ?us hold 9 ! aroma & ! heat4 #d4 8,caf au lait10 c-f l4 ,,huxley ,,on ,,sci5ce4 #a4 8,aliases40 ,! plural ( alias 7le-z74 ,mean+ ano!r "n1 an assum$ "n4 ,,! ,,circle ,,( ,,! ,,sci5ces4 #a4 8,napi]10 nape-er1 ,john4 7#aeej-afag47 ,an ,engli% ma!matician4 8,log>i?ms0 are numb]s s relat$ to natural numb]s t ! multiplication & division ( ! latt] may be p]=m$ by addition & subtraction1 & ! rais+ to p[]s & ! extraction ( roots by ! multiplication & division ( ! =m]4 ,!y are arrang$ 9 tables :i* c be readily und]/ood & us$1 & !y save enorm\s calculations & labor4 #b4 8,kepl]10 ,johann4 ,a ,g]man a/ronom]4 #c4 8,m]cator's ,*>t40 ,9 all ! *>ts 9 use be=e ,m]cator's1 curv$ l9es 7 drawn repres5t+ ! m]idians & p>allels4 ,a vessel :i* foll[$ ^! l9es always rec$$ too f> f ! equator1 &1 if l& did n int]v5e1 w\ld describe a spiral c\rse & f9ally rea* ! pole4 ,m]cator con/ruct$ a map z foll[s3 ,a l9e1 ,,ab1 0 drawn repres5t+ ! equator1 & 0 divid$ into #cf1 #bd or #ah equal p>ts = m]idians at #aj1 #ae1 or #bj ap>t1 & ! m]idians 7 !n drawn ?r\gh !m p]p5dicul> to ,,ab4 ,! di/ance ( ! p>allels & ! tropics1 & ! arctic circles 7 m>k$ f ! equator on ! sides1 & ^! po9ts jo9$ by /raight l9es4 ,! map does n give a natural repres5tation1 z ! pol> regions are imm5sely exagg]at$4 ,! di/ortions 9 ! =m ( ! c\ntries & ! relative di/ances ( places are rectifi$ by mak+ ! degrees ( latitude increase proportionably to ^? ( longitude4 #d4 8,quadrant40 ,quadrants 7 us$ = survey+1 mak+ a/ronomical obs]vations1 &1 9 navigation1 = det]m9+ ! m]idian altitude ( ! sun1 & f t ! latitude ( ! obs]v]4 ,!y 7 made ( a great v>iety ( =m & size to suit _! sev]al uses4 ,! int]e/ atta*+ to !m at ! pres5t "t is *iefly hi/orical1 z !y h be5 sup]s$$ by ! sextant & ! full circle4 8,davis40 ,an em95t ,engli% navigator ( ! latt] "p ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 8,hadley10 ,john4 ,an ,engli% ma!matician ( ! e>ly "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,an intimate fri5d ( ,newton4 ,,talk ,,ab\t ,,books4 ,t mo/ rem>kable poem ( ! ,ori5t1 ! 8,rubiyt0,j ( ,om> ,khayym1 has rec5tly _h ! r>e =tune ( receiv+ f translator1 arti/ & publi%] an almo/ p]fect treatm5t4 ,its translation places x among ,engli% classic poems1 its illu/ration & make-up among ,am]ican classic art books4 ,?is poem1 v imp]fectly kn[n among u1 is ! "w ( a ,p]sian a/ronom] & poet1 ,om> ,khayym1 or ,om> ! ,t5t-,mak]1 a native ( ,nai%apr1 9 ,khorassan4 ,he 0 born 9 ! latt] half ( ! elev5? c5tury1 & became a favorite ( ! rul]s ( ! realm4 ,8 life 01 s goes ! *ronicle1 8busi$ 9 w9n+ k ( e k9d1 & especially 9 a/ronomy1 :]e9 he atta9$ to a v high prem95ce4 ,"u ! ,sultanate ( ,malik ,%ah1 he came to ,m]v & obta9$ great praise = 8 pr(ici5cy 9 sci5ce1 & ! ,sultan %[]$ favors ^u him40 ,om> 0 an hone/ ?9k]2 he refus$ ! holl[ my/icism ( ! times1 & fram$ a sy/em :i* approa*es ,epicureanism4 ,8 views ( life1 8 fruitless se>* = ,provid5ce1 8 sad conclusion1 8,i came l wat]1 & l w9d ,i g10 toge!r ) 8 f9al refuge 9 ! w9e cup1 ) ! comm& 8,dr9k1 = y "k n :5ce y came nor :y1 ,dr9k1 = y "k n :y y g1 nor :]e10 are ! subjects ( 8 8,rubiyt10 or quatra9s4 ,9 ! orig9al ^! v]ses h no connection4 ,! translator1 ,mr4 ,edw>d ,fitzg]ald1 select$ ^? :i* seem$ to him mo/ suitable1 & arrang$ !m into a sort ( eclogue4 ,?is translation met ) a he>ty reception4 ,mr4 ,fitzg]ald _h be5 =tunate en\gh to make ,om> ,khayym mu* m lucid & ent]ta9+ ?an ,om> _h made himself4 ,an int]pretation ( ! poem 0 und]tak5 9 ,may #ahhc1 by ,elihu ,v$d]4 ,! int]e/ 9 ! elegant volume j issu$ by ,messrs4 ,h\ghton1 ,miffl9 ,co41 c5t]s1 ( c\rse1 ab\t ^! illu/rations4 ,!re is n a l9e ( ! poem b :at takes a new & p[]ful mean+ "u 8 treatm5t4 ,inde$1 x seems z if 9 _m cases ! v]ses 7 b a key-note1 ! draw+ ! complet$ /ra94 ,! arti/ seems to h be5 inspir$ by ! same s5se ( my/]y1 sadness1 & f9al devotion to pleasure :i* influ5c$ ! au?or4 ,8 idea ( ,om>'s philosophy is mo/ beautifully repres5t$ 9 ! picture call$ 8,om>'s ,emblem40 ,9 x life is repres5t$ by a :irl+ /ream1 ^u :i* ! mortal1 "u ! =m ( a rose1 has float$ 94 ,along ! /ream ! leaves are scatt]$ "h & !re1 :ile cru%$ & half petalless ! rose floats into oblivion4 ,?is :irl ( life surr\nds :at we may suppose to be ! emblem :i* incessantly confront$ ,om>'s m9d--a human skull2 ^u ?is is p]*$ a s++ night+ale--a sign ( ! music :i* 9 spite ( ! mock]y ( exi/5ce ! poet always he>d1 & 9 :i* he f\nd ! sole relief = liv+4 ,! pictures include a weal? ( sugge/ion :i* only dilig5t & sympa!tic /udy discloses4 ,!y %[ surpris+ fancy & v]satility1 :ile at ! same "t ! f9i% ( ea* is mo/ p]fect4 ,among ! h&some books ( ! ye> mu/ be class$ ,cassell's new edition ( 8,atala10,k ,*auteaubri&'s *>m+ romance ( ,indian life & love4 ,?\gh ! /ory is f> f fill+ our mod]n ideas ( a novel1 x is "o ( ^? r>e1 pure love tales :i* nev] loses its hold ^u u4 ,x w always keep its place ) 8,und9e0 & 8,paul & ,virg9ia40 ,! pres5t edition conta9s illu/rations by ,gu/ave ,dor1 :i*1 ?\gh inf]ior 9 "s respects to lat] works by him1 are /ill v beautiful pictures4 ,only a few ( ! illu/rations ( ! 8,atala0 %[ t weird p[] & /rong imag9ation = :i* ,dor is s fam\s1 b :at we miss !re is q made up by ! int]e/ we feel 9 8 conceptions ( ,am]ican sc5]y1 ( :i* he knew no?+ except f description4 ,^! conceptions1 if sometimes v incorrect1 are /ill full ( exub]ant fancy4 ,! b9d+ & lett]-press ( ! volume are sup]ior1 mak+ a mo/ *>m+ gift book4 ,! 8,prose ,writ+s ( ,william ,cull5 ,bryant10,l edit$ by ,p>ke ,godw9 w meet ) a cordial welcome f all read]s ( good lit]ature4 ,!y appe> 9 two volumes1 & prop]ly belong to a set call$ 8,! ,life & ,works ( ,william ,cull5 ,bryant10 =m+ ! fif? & six? volumes ( ! set4 ,x 0 ! ?\ght ( ! editor at fir/ to publi% entire ! orations1 addresses1 & v>i\s lett]s ( ,mr4 ,bryant1 b c>eful consid]ation l$ him to ?9k t ?is w\ld ext5d ! "w beyond desirable limits2 s x 0 conf9$ to a few selections f ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts 9 :i* ! au?or display$ 8 p[]4 ,volume ,v ( ! set1 or ,i ( ! 8,prose ,writ+s10 conta9s sev]al 8,lit]>y ,essays10 8,n>ratives10 & 8,commemorative ,disc\rses0 on ,coop]1 ,irv+1 ,halleck1 & ,v]planck4 ,volume ,,ii conta9s 8,sket*es ( ,travel10 8,occasional ,addresses10 compris+ ^? on ,%aksp]e1 ,scott1 ,burns1 ,goe!1 ,s*ill]1 & _m o!rs2 & 8,editorial ,comm5ts & ,criticisms40 ,! selections are all timely & well adapt$ to cat* ! read]'s fancy & int]e/4 ,!re c sc>cely fail to come to "o1 h[ev]1 :o is ! possessor ( ^! books1 a feel+ ( regret t ! editor did n foll[ 8 orig9al int5tion & give m ( ! writ+s ( ! au?or4 ,! wi% to h at h& ! complete works ( ! great ,am]ican1 & to h !m 9 z attractive a =m z t 9 :i* ,mr4 ,godw9 has arrang$ !m is /rong en\gh to f> outweigh 8 unju/ifiable fe> ( mak+ too volum9\s a collection4 ,,footnotes ,j ,rubiyt ( ,om> ,khayym1 ! ,a/ronom]-,poet ( ,p]sia4 ,r5d]$ into ,engli% v]se by ,edw>d ,fitzg]ald1 ) an accompanim5t ( draw+s by ,elihu ,v$d]4 ,bo/on3 ,h\ghton1 ,miffl9 ,co4 #ahhd4 ,price1 #be4 ,k ,atala4 ,by ,*auteaubri&4 ,translat$ by ,james ,sp5ce ,h>ry4 ,illu/rat$ by ,gu/ave ,dor4 ,introduction by ,edw>d ,j4 ,h>d+4 ,extra clo?1 full gilt1 #e4jj3 full ,morocco1 extra1 #aj4 ,new ,york3 ,cassell ,co4 #ahhd4 ,l ,prose ,writ+s ( ,william ,cull5 ,bryant4 ,edit$ by ,p>ke ,godw94 ,new ,york3 ,d4 ,appleton ,co4 #ahhd4 ,,books ,,receiv$4 ,euphrasia & ,alb]ta4 ,poetic ,romances4 ,by ,john ,ap ,?omas ,jones4 ,philadelphia3 ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,co4 #ahhd4 ,fr5* ,conv]sation4 ,by ,j4 ,d4 ,gaill>d4 ,new ,york3 ,d4 ,appleton ,co4 #ahhe4 ,j\rnal ( ! ,g5]al ,conf]5ce ( ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur*1 held 9 ,philadelphia1 ,may1 #ahhd4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,david ,s4 ,monroe1 ,d4,d4 ,new ,york3 ,phillips ,hunt4 ,c9c9nati3 ,cran/on ,/[e4 ,! ,life ( ,john ,h[>d ,payne4 ,au?or ( ,home1 ,sweet ,home4 ,) illu/rations4 ,by ,gabriel ,h>rison4 ,philadelphia3 ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,co4 #ahhe4 ,elem5ts ( ,geometry4 ,by ,eli ,t4 ,tappan1 ,,ll4,d4 ,new ,york3 ,d4 ,appleton ,co4 #ahhe4 ,elem5ts ( ,engli% ,spee*4 ,by ,isaac ,bassett ,*oate4 ,new ,york3 ,d4 ,appleton ,co4 #ahhd4 ,! ,life ( ! ,rev4 ,philip ,william ,ott]be94 ,by ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,w4 ,dewey1 ,a4 ,m4 ,) an introduction by ,bi%op ,j4 ,weav]1 ,d4,d4 ,dayton1 ,ohio3 ,unit$ ,bre?r5 ,publi%+ ,h\se4 #ahhd4 ,! ,*ildr5 ( ! ,bible4 ,by ,fannie ,l4 ,arm/rong4 ,) an introduction by ,frances ,e4 ,will>d4 ,new ,york3 ,f[l] ,wells ,co41 ,publi%]s4 ,price1 #a4 ,outl9es ( ,metaphysics4 ,by ,h]man ,lotze4 ,translat$ & edit$ by ,george ,t4 ,ladd4 ,bo/on3 ,g9n1 ,hea? ,co4 #ahhd4 ,appleton's ,*>t ,prim]4 ,by ,rebecca ,d4 ,rick(f4 ,new ,york3 ,d4 ,appleton ,co4 #ahhe4 ,! ,a ,b ,c ,read]4 ,by ,s>ah ,f4 ,buckalew & ,m>g>et ,w4 ,wells4 ,new ,york3 ,a4 ,lovell ,co4 ,! ,philosophy ( ,ralph ,cudwor?4 ,by ,*>les ,e4 ,l[ry1 ,a4 ,m4 ,new ,york3 ,phillips ,hunt4 ,c9c9nati3 ,cran/on ,/[e4 #ahhd4 ,elem5ts ( ,calculus4 ,by ,james ,m4 ,taylor4 ,bo/on3 ,g9n1 ,hea? ,co4 #ahhd4 ,notes on ,+]soll4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,l4 ,a4 ,lamb]t4 ,buffalo1 ,n4 ,y43 ,buffalo ,ca?olic ,publication ,company4 #ahhd4 ,! ,me?odi/ ,ye> ,book = #ahhe4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,h4 ,de ,puy1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4 ,d4 ,new ,york3 ,phillips ,hunt4 ,c9c9nati3 ,cran/on ,/[e4 ,"o ,little ,rebel4 ,by ,julia ,b4 ,smi?4 ,new ,york3 ,phillips ,hunt4 ,c9c9nati3 ,cran/on ,/[e4 #ahhd ,! ,/ory ( ! ,resurrection4 ,by ,william ,h4 ,furness1 ,d4,d4 ,philadelphia3 ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,co4 #ahhe4 ,squ>e & ,compass4 ,by ,oliv] ,optic4 ,) illu/rations4 ,bo/on3 ,lee & ,%ep>d4 ,new ,york3 ,*>les ,t4 ,dill+ham4 #ahhe4 ,fri5ds 9 ,fea!rs & ,fur4 ,= ,"y ,folks4 ,by ,james ,johannot4 ,new ,york3 ,d4 ,appleton ,co4 #ahhe4 ,,special ,,notes4 ,among ! _m beautiful ?+s :i* art & ta/e & money comb9$ to furni% = ! holidays no?+ surpass$ ! ,*ri/mas c>ds ( ,l4 ,prang ,co4 ,9 design1 color+ & f9i% x is difficult to see h[ !y c\ld be improv$4 ,x w int]e/ ^? ( our read]s :o expect to visit ! ,new ,orleans ,exposition to "k t all ,messrs4 ,prang ,co4's =m] prize c>ds & ! frames1 ) consecutive pro(s ( a reproduction1 h be5 s5t to ! ,massa*usetts dep>tm5t at ,new ,orleans by special invitation ( ! ,/ate ,commission4 ,! collection ( prize designs rec5tly exhibit$ 9 ,new ,york & ,bo/on by ,mr4 ,l4 ,prang is n[1 by special invitation1 %[n 9 ! ,art ,in/itute 9 ,*icago1 &1 9 response to a simil> reque/ made by ! manag]s ( ! ,museum ( ,f9e ,arts at ,/4 ,l\is1 ?is collection ( pa9t+s w be s5t to t city lat] on4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! banquet ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,alumni1 :i* 0 to h be5 9 ,bo/on 9 ,febru>y1 w be held at ,lake ,view1 ,w$nesday1 ,july #bb4 ,! committee decid$ ^u ?is *ange :5 x 0 f\nd t ,*ancellor ,v9c5t1 ,pr(essors ,hurlbut & ,holmes1 also ,pr(4 ,%]w91 c\ld n be pres5t 9 ,febru>y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,important to memb]s ( ! ,class ( #ahhh4 ,! fir/ article on 8,h[ to make ,home ,beautiful10 :i* 0 publi%$ 9 ,alma ,mat] ,no4 #b la/ ye>1 w be mail$ to all memb]s ( ! class ( #ahhh1 dur+ ! pres5t ye>1 #ahhd-e4 ,we 7 unable to h ?is article repr9t$ 9 "t to accompany ,alma ,mat] ,no4 #c1 :i* 0 s5t la/ mon? to all memb]s ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,j4 ,h4 ,,v9c5t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! la/ copy ( ,! ,outlook publi%$ by ! class ( #ahhd appe>$ 9 ,decemb]4 ,x conta9s mu* news ( int]e/ to ! class1 ! class li/ ( graduates z made up to ,novemb] #a/1 includ+ #a1chg names1 & ! editor's f>ewell4 ,! ,outlook has be5 a fai?ful & zeal\s advocate ( ! int]e/s ( ! 8,irrepressibles40 99 99 99 99 99 ,p ( all d5om9ations lov$ & honor$ ,bi%ops ,simpson & ,asbury ( ! ,m4 ,e4 ,*ur*4 ,at ! rec5t c5t5nial celebration ( t *ur* a fitt+ s\v5ir to ^! two noble m5 0 display$ 9 ! =m ( m$allions1 on :i* 7 emboss$ ! heads ( ! two bi%ops4 ,^! m$allions 7 m\nt$ 9 a lea!r case l9$ ) sat94 ,x =ms a beautiful object = any "o's collection ( s\v5irs4 99 99 99 99 99 '#hb ,,class ,,motto4--,memb]s ( ! ,pione] class are rem9d$ t ! selection ( a motto 0 remitt$ to a committee4 ,any memb] prep>$ to make a sugge/ion 9 ! matt] is invit$ to s5d x to ,lewis ,c4 ,peake1 ,draw] #b1eei1 ,toronto1 ,canada4 ,! g5]al feel+ ( ! class 0 t ! motto %\ld be 9 ,engli%4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,*autauqua ,,musical ,,read+ ,,club is a new dep>tm5t ( ,*autauqua "w4 ,! c\rse has be5 ?\ghtfully arrang$ 9 consultation ) _m among ! mo/ cultur$ musicians 9 ! l&1 & is ( su* recogniz$ m]it t1 ) ! he>ty approval ( ! faculty1 x has be5 adopt$ 9 ! ,new ,engl& ,cons]vatory ( ,music at ,bo/on4 ,in=mation may be obta9$ conc]n+ ! ,c4 ,m4 ,r4 ,c4 by address+ ,w4 ,f4 ,%]w91 ,director ,c4 ,m4 ,r4 ,c41 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,graduates4 ,! foll[+ li/ ( graduates ( ! ,class ( #ahhd appe>s accord+ to /ates4 ,x has be5 prep>$ ) c>e by ! (fice secret>y1 ,miss ,kate ,f4 ,kimball4 ,p]sons ^: names are m>k$ 99 h di$ s9ce graduation4 ,ma9e4 ,all51 ,mrs4 ,almira ,l4 ,beale1 ,miss ,annie ,c4 ,beck1 ! ,rev4 ,*>les ,a4 ,bruce1 ,mrs4 ,evele5 ,buck1 ,mrs4 ,f4 ,r4 ,e/es1 ,miss ,eva ,m4 ,flet*]1 ,mrs4 ,s>ah ,f4 ,fr5*1 ,mrs4 ,emma ,m4 ,grant1 ,mrs4 ,nellie ,hob>t1 ,mrs4 ,augu/a ,a4 ,longfell[1 ,miss ,m>y ,o4 ,lunt1 ,miss ,m>y ,k4 ,page1 ,mrs4 ,geo4 ,n4 ,palm]1 ,mrs4 ,m>ia ,b4 ,reynolds1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,j4 ,rob9son1 ,mrs4 ,frances ,h4 ,b4 ,sanborn1 ,miss ,gulielma ,p4 ,sk9n]1 ,miss ,s>ah ,e4 ,v>ney1 ,miss ,cl>a ,b4 ,woodbury1 ,mrs4 ,mae ,b4 ,new ,hamp%ire4 ,avaun1 ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,m4 ,bak]1 ,miss ,nellie ,m4 ,beck)1 ! ,rev4 ,geo4 ,a4 ,clewor?1 ,mrs4 ,cleora ,b4 ,em]son1 ,miss ,hattie ,e4 ,f>well1 ,mrs4 ,m>ion ,l4 ,james1 ,mrs4 ,lizzie ,b4 ,lane1 ,john ,g4 ,lewis1 ,mrs4 ,hannah ,e4 ,moore1 ,george ,w4 ,pett5gill1 ,miss ,sel9a ,d4 ,russell1 ,mrs4 ,hel5 ,i4 ,s5t]1 ,miss ,nella ,m4 ,%eph]d1 ,miss ,betsey ,b4 ,/iles1 ,miss ,nellie ,wor?ley4 ,mrs4 ,emma ,l4 ,v]mont4 ,cl>k1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,w4 ,cl>k1 ,miss ,susan ,e4 ,f>nham1 ,mrs4 ,roswell ,f>r1 ,miss ,hattie ,j4 ,h[ell1 ,mrs4 ,elsie ,s4 ,lovejoy1 ,miss ,m>?a ,h4 ,m]rill1 ! ,rev4 ,*>les ,h4 ,m]rill1 ,mrs4 ,laura ,b4 ,read1 ,miss ,keziah ,h4 ,%eldon1 ,mrs4 ,*>les ,f4 ,/$man1 ,miss ,cl>a ,m4 ,/reet]1 ,miss ,emilie ,e4 ,?omas1 ,mrs4 ,h41 ,jr4 ,wires1 ,mrs4 ,evel9e ,w4 ,massa*usetts4 ,alex&]1 ,miss ,h>riet ,i4 ,allis1 ,miss ,m>y ,l4 ,alvord1 ! ,rev4 ,augu/us ,&]son1 ,william ,e4 ,bab]1 ,miss ,eliza ,m4 ,bab]1 ,miss ,fannie ,bacon1 ,mrs4 ,leora ,a4 ,bak]1 ,samuel ,e4 ,ball1 ,miss ,nettie ,ball1 ,miss ,m9nie ,l4 ,ball1 ,miss ,c>rie ,e4 ,bat*eld]1 ,miss ,h>riette ,s4 ,blackm]1 ,miss ,nellie ,e4 ,blackm]1 ,miss ,m>y ,l4 ,blake1 ,miss ,evelyn ,a4 ,blan*>d1 ,fr$]ic ,w4 ,blan*>d1 ,miss ,isabel ,i4 ,blan*>d1 ,walt] ,a4 ,blodgett1 ,miss ,m>ia ,l4 ,c4 ,bord51 ,miss ,hel5 ,m4 ,bord51 ,mrs4 ,h>riet ,a4 ,boswor?1 ,miss ,m>y ,e4 ,b[]s1 ,george ,n4 ,boyd1 ,miss ,m>g>et ,w4 ,brad=d1 ,mrs4 ,hel5 ,m4 ,brad=d1 ,lemuel ,b4 ,bridges1 ,mrs4 ,j5nie ,l4 ,c4 ,brigham1 ,miss ,m>y ,m4 ,brigham1 ,miss ,hel5 ,f4 ,brooman1 ,mrs4 ,l4 ,g4 ,br[n1 ,miss ,nellie ,m4 ,br[n1 ,miss ,lottie ,e4 ,burgess1 ,miss ,lucy ,a4 ,burnett1 ,mrs4 ,hattie ,c4 ,burns1 ,miss ,mirriam ,a4 ,buswell1 ,mrs4 ,cl>a ,l4 ,caff91 ,miss ,mabel ,b4 ,c&l91 ! ,rev4 ,joseph ,c&l91 ,mrs4 ,ru? ,e4 ,*apman1 ,mrs4 ,lizzie ,c4 ,*apman1 ,miss ,eva ,*ase1 ,*>lie ,s4 ,*auncey1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,c4 ,*eev]1 ,miss ,lizzie ,h4 ,*5]y1 ,miss ,hattie ,m4 ,*5ey1 ,miss ,a4 ,oreanna ,clutia1 ,mrs4 ,s4 ,p4 ,coburn1 ,mrs4 ,s4 ,a4 ,co*ran1 ,miss ,emma ,a4 ,cogswell1 ,miss ,kate ,a4 ,coleswor?y1 ,william ,g4 ,coombs1 ,miss ,j4 ,fannie ,c[an1 ,mrs4 ,p4 ,d4 ,crane1 ,miss ,m>y ,l4 ,crosby1 ,miss ,s>ah ,j4 ,cumm+s1 ,miss ,m>y ,e4 ,cumm+s1 ,mrs4 ,ada ,a4 ,cu%+1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,h4 ,cu%+1 ! ,rev4 ,john ,r4 ,davis1 ,miss ,emma ,a4 ,davis1 ,mrs4 ,mial ,delano1 ,mrs4 ,emma ,l4 ,delva1 ,mrs4 ,k4 ,augu/a ,d5nis1 ,miss ,georgette ,e4 ,dimick1 ,mrs4 ,lizzie ,g4 ,doane1 ,mrs4 ,cl>a ,j4 ,doty1 ,mrs4 ,julia ,c4 ,d\glass1 ,miss ,m>y ,drew1 ,miss ,fidelia ,ea/l&1 ,miss ,georgiana ,eaton1 ,mrs4 ,belle ,m4 ,eaton1 ,mrs4 ,daniel ,w4 ,eldridge1 ,mrs4 ,ve/a ,k4 ,f4 ,ely1 ,george ,w4 ,ely1 ,miss ,joseph9e ,l4 ,em]son1 ,miss ,m>y ,j4 ,fairbanks1 ,mrs4 ,lydia ,l4 ,fair*ild1 ,mrs4 ,m>ia ,h4 ,fay1 ,mrs4 ,abby ,b4 ,fay1 ,miss ,anna ,b4 ,fay1 ,george ,e4 ,fay1 ,miss ,anna ,c4 ,fi%]1 ,mrs4 ,angie ,b4 ,fiske1 ,miss ,ella ,a4 ,fl&]s1 ,mrs4 ,elvira ,w4 ,c4 ,floyd1 #b;d1 ,david ,fras]1 ,mrs4 ,daniel ,f4 ,freeman1 ,miss ,emma ,f4 ,freeman1 ,miss ,annie ,e4 ,fr5*1 ,george ,b4 ,frye1 ,*>les ,h4 ,full>ton1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,a4 ,g>dn]1 ,mrs4 ,s>ah ,a4 ,gill1 ,mrs4 ,m4 ,f4 ,goodw91 ,miss ,annie ,a4 ,goodw91 ,miss ,lucy ,b4 ,grant1 ,miss ,m>y ,grant1 ,miss ,m>?a ,gre5wood1 ,miss ,nellie ,gr\t1 ,mrs4 ,ell5 ,l4 ,gu/91 ,mrs4 ,ell5 ,g4 ,hadley1 ,miss ,am&a ,m4 ,hall1 ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,j4 ,hammond1 ,miss ,j5nie ,s4 ,hancock1 ,mrs4 ,w>r5 ,h>r+ton1 ,francis ,m4 ,h>r+ton1 ,miss ,ada ,l4 ,h>r+ton1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,l4 ,h>ris1 ,miss ,s>ah ,g4 ,hawley1 ,miss ,emily ,e4 ,hayw>d1 ,miss ,nellie ,a4 ,hayw>d1 ,mrs4 ,susan ,c4 ,h]sey1 ,miss ,lizzie ,m4 ,h]sey1 ,miss ,ell5 ,m4 ,hew9s1 ,miss ,emel9e ,higg9s1 ,miss ,s>ah ,b4 ,hildre?1 ,mrs4 ,kate ,b4 ,hit*cock1 ,mrs4 ,nellie ,e4 ,hodges1 ,m>y ,a4 ,holway1 ,mrs4 ,susan ,b4 ,holway1 ,miss ,sadie ,o4 ,h\ghton1 ,miss ,m>y ,j4 ,w4 ,h[>d1 ,h5ry ,f4 ,h[>d1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,c4 ,h[>d1 ,mrs4 ,l\isa ,b4 ,hull1 ,miss ,abby ,f4 ,hut*9son1 ,miss ,cora ,f4 ,inman1 ,mrs4 ,edna ,m4 ,irv+1 ,*>les ,h4 ,irv+1 ,mrs4 ,s>ah ,m4 ,johnson1 ! ,rev4 ,*>les ,t4 ,jones1 ,addison ,w4 ,jones1 ,mrs4 ,sophronia ,b4 ,jones1 ,miss ,eva ,g4 ,ke5e1 ,mrs4 ,fannie ,s4 ,k5dall1 ,miss ,am&a ,m4 ,kimball1 ,edw>d ,a4 ,kimball1 ,mrs4 ,elsie ,e4 ,k+1 ,mrs4 ,laura ,c4 ,k9sman1 ,miss ,m>y ,l4 ,kneil1 ,miss ,emily ,g4 ,knight1 ,joseph ,k4 ,ladd1 ,mrs4 ,rebecca ,e4 ,lawr5ce1 ,miss ,m>y ,m4 ,lee1 ,mrs4 ,elizabe? ,r4 ,leon>d1 ,mrs4 ,kate ,h4 ,leon>d1 ,miss ,m4 ,fanny ,leon>d1 ,miss ,anna ,r4 ,lewis1 ,miss ,lizzie ,m4 ,light1 ,*>les ,f4 ,light1 ,james ,b4 ,light1 ,mrs4 ,ell5 ,e4 ,l9dsay1 ,miss ,flor5ce ,lit*field1 ,mrs4 ,isabelle ,w4 ,little1 ,mrs4 ,william ,c4 ,lloyd1 ,miss ,m>y ,a4 ,mann+1 ,john ,m4 ,mann+1 ,mrs4 ,j4 ,m4 ,m]riam1 ,miss ,susan ,m499 ,m>%1 ! 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,rev4 ,samuel ,j4 ,mc,elwee1 ,mrs4 ,anna ,b4 ,mell51 ,miss ,ell5 ,e4 ,ow51 ,miss ,lucy ,a4 ,pack1 ,miss ,joseph9e ,paton1 ,mrs4 ,s>ah ,b4 ,pe>ce1 ,miss ,abbie ,peacock1 ,miss ,frances ,e4 ,p]r91 ,mrs4 ,h5ry ,w4 ,pickell1 ,mrs4 ,c4 ,w4 ,queal1 ,miss ,hel5 ,ramsay1 ,mrs4 ,w4 ,w4 ,roe1 ,miss ,g5evieve ,b4 ,russell1 ,miss ,nellie ,j4 ,s9clair1 ,miss ,jane ,s4 ,smi?1 ,miss ,lora ,a4 ,spangl]1 ,mrs4 ,w4 ,p4 ,/4 ,john1 ,mrs4 ,etta ,/ocum1 ,mrs4 ,c4 ,w4 ,switz]1 ,mrs4 ,anna ,m4 ,l4 ,van ,fleet1 ,miss ,m>y ,e4 ,van ,slyke1 ,miss ,julia ,wilcox1 ,mrs4 ,m>?a ,h4 ,wilks1 ,mrs4 ,emily ,m4 ,wolf1 ,miss ,anna ,e4 ,wilcox1 ,jo%ua ,l4 ,wiscons94 ,alg>d1 ,mrs4 ,phebe ,m4 ,bak]1 ,miss ,eva ,j4 ,bovee1 ,mrs4 ,victoria ,*ase1 ,miss ,hattie ,coleman1 ,mrs4 ,edw9 ,d\gh]ty1 ,miss ,nettie ,m4 ,gates1 ,miss ,laura ,grannis1 ,mrs4 ,e4 ,h4 ,hold51 ,mrs4 ,hattie ,l4 ,hooley1 ,miss ,emma ,e4 ,k5n$y1 ,miss ,ca!r9e ,kut*91 ,mrs4 ,hattie ,s4 ,lucas1 ,miss ,/ella ,mc,lean1 ,mrs4 ,m4 ,f4 ,k4 ,oddy1 ,mrs4 ,lydia ,a4 ,%ep>d1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,s4 ,%umway1 ,mrs4 ,cl>a ,e4 ,c4 ,/eele1 ! ,rev4 ,john ,:eel]1 ! ,rev4 ,b]t ,e4 ,wick1 ,gu/ave ,i[a4 ,banta1 ,mrs4 ,lillie ,e4 ,bell1 ! ,rev4 ,william ,e4 ,b5$ict1 ,miss ,ella ,g4 ,b5nett1 ,mrs4 ,lizzie ,br9dell1 ,mrs4 ,anna ,r4 ,br[n1 ! ,rev4 ,h5ry ,buckley1 ,miss ,eunice ,l4 ,cl>ke1 ,mrs4 ,kate ,f4 ,cort1 ! ,rev4 ,william ,c4 ,cutt]1 ,miss ,valona ,j4 ,day1 ,mrs4 ,eliza ,c4 ,gaylord1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,j4 ,l4 ,gre5e1 ,miss ,hattie ,h>vey1 ,miss ,c>rie ,l4 ,hooley1 ,miss ,annie ,j4 ,hooley1 ,miss ,mattie ,f4 ,hu/on1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,s4 ,hyde1 ,miss ,maie ,e4 ,jones1 ,mrs4 ,r4 ,d4 ,ke51 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,t4 ,key1 ,mrs4 ,s>ah ,kellum1 ,miss ,alma ,j4 ,l\?an1 ,mrs4 ,flor5ce ,a4 ,luk5s1 ,miss ,lucie ,e4 ,mack1 ,miss ,may ,mc,carn1 ,mrs4 ,c>rie ,e4 ,mc,cartney1 ,mrs4 ,lura ,j4 ,mc,means1 ,miss ,mattie ,melvill1 ,mrs4 ,m>?a ,e4 ,mill>d1 ,miss ,nellie ,p4 ,nagel1 ,mrs4 ,sadie ,e4 ,palm]1 ,miss ,nirma ,e4 ,pollock1 ,miss ,annie ,l4 ,rit*ey1 ,mrs4 ,ella ,l4 ,rob9son1 ,mrs4 ,m>ianna ,w4 ,rob9son1 ,mrs4 ,m4 ,e4 ,scales1 ,miss ,l5a ,f4 ,snyd]1 ,mrs4 ,d4 ,b4 ,tallman1 ,mrs4 ,ca?>9e ,m4 ,wadswor?1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,b4 ,weg5]1 ,miss ,alice ,wilcox1 ,miss ,rhoda ,m4 ,miss\ri4 ,alb91 ,miss ,emma ,c4 ,all51 ,mrs4 ,n4 ,l4 ,b5nett1 ,alfr$ ,exly1 ! ,rev4 ,frank ,mill]1 ,*>les ,w4 ,p>k]1 ,george ,a4 ,russell1 ,miss ,s>ah ,f4 ,watson1 ,miss ,eva ,wayman1 ! ,rev4 ,john ,sab91 ,l4 ,willis4 ,m9nesota4 ,brannan1 ,mrs4 ,c>rie ,m4 ,cole1 ,miss ,j5nie ,j]man1 ,mrs4 ,s>a ,m4 ,m5d5hall1 ,miss ,m9nie ,e4 ,sc(ield1 ,miss ,p]sis ,e4 ,/one1 ,mrs4 ,j4 ,w4 ,taylor1 ,mrs4 ,c4 ,w4 ,t]willig>1 ! ,rv4 ,mi*ael ,d4 ,t]willig>1 ,mrs4 ,he/] ,a4 ,viall1 ,mrs4 ,flor5ce ,m4 ,dakota ,t]ritory4 ,g>n]1 ,jacob ,a4 ,h(fman1 ,miss ,lizzie ,c4 ,moy]1 ,mrs4 ,s4 ,j4 ,moy]1 ,san=d ,j4 ,pott]1 ,mrs4 ,v4 ,a4 ,smi?1 ,miss ,m>ia ,t4 ,squi]1 ,mrs4 ,cora ,m4 ,yo/1 ,mrs4 ,julie ,h4 ,nebraska4 ,&]son1 ,mrs4 ,deborah ,l4 ,dada1 ! ,rev4 ,william ,b4 ,fold51 ! ,rev4 ,&rew ,t4 ,haml91 ,miss ,l\ ,e4 ,h[e1 ,miss ,annette ,a4 ,lemon1 ,mrs4 ,nora ,h4 ,m>t91 ,miss ,nellie ,p>rotte1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,e4 ,p]ry1 ,miss ,m>y ,s4 ,s>g5t1 ,mrs4 ,iola ,n4 ,smi?1 ,miss ,lucy ,e4 ,smi?1 ! ,rev4 ,*>les ,l4 ,w>r51 ,miss ,m>y ,e4 ,:itney1 ,miss ,cl>a ,nevada4 ,leete1 ,b5jam9 ,f4 ,simpson1 ,mrs4 ,elda ,a4 ,kansas4 ,bly!1 ,mrs4 ,julia ,h4 ,conkl91 ,isaac ,j4 ,dudley1 ,mrs4 ,c>rie ,a4 ,elliott1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,e4 ,mc,farland1 ,mrs4 ,tillie ,s4 ,moll1 ,miss ,eva ,m4 ,moss1 ,mrs4 ,laura ,s4 ,p>k]1 ,mrs4 ,w4 ,f4 ,patrick1 ,miss ,emma ,m4 ,re$1 ,mrs4 ,emily ,g4 ,smi?1 ,fayette ,a4 ,torr+ton1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,m4 ,wallace1 ,miss ,j5nie ,weightman1 ,mrs4 ,annie ,m4 ,colorado4 ,craw=d1 ,hugh ,c4 ,freeman1 ,mrs4 ,lillie ,s4 ,layton1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,e4 ,lovejoy1 ,miss ,j5nie ,g4 ,mc,gonigal1 ,mrs4 ,e4 ,belle ,reaugh1 ,mrs4 ,lottie ,e4 ,idaho4 ,y>+ton1 ,miss ,/ella ,wa%+ton ,t]ritory4 ,ames1 ,mrs4 ,j5nie ,p4 ,b>r[1 ,mrs4 ,m4 ,r4 ,horton1 ,dext] ,pratt1 ,william ,g4 ,oregon4 ,*ur*ill1 ,frank ,h4 ,grid]1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,a4 ,k]n1 ,mrs4 ,s>ah ,m4 ,k4 ,cali=nia4 ,&]son1 ,dr4 ,c4 ,l4 ,bailey1 ,mrs4 ,c4 ,p4 ,b>b]1 ,mrs4 ,emma ,f4 ,b>ight1 ,mrs4 ,frances ,e4 ,blake1 ,miss ,alice ,s4 ,bro!rs1 ,miss ,c>rie ,r4 ,calh\n1 ,miss ,clem5t9e ,h4 ,call1 ,miss ,mattie ,c4 ,call1 ,miss ,m>y ,a4 ,c>t]1 ,miss ,l\ ,a4 ,dawson1 ,mrs4 ,eloise ,j4 ,drum1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,l4 ,dryd51 ,mrs4 ,s4 ,hel5 ,eckley1 ,emma ,field1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,h4 ,frankl91 ,mrs4 ,belle ,o4 ,frazee1 ,miss ,h4 ,m4 ,haight1 ,mrs4 ,elvira ,e4 ,hammond1 ,miss ,hulda ,a4 ,h>rison1 ,miss ,elb]t9a ,c4 ,ha?away1 ,mrs4 ,alice ,v4 ,hess]1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,e4 ,mantz1 ,mrs4 ,e4 ,f4 ,mc,kelvy1 ! ,rev4 ,*>les ,mock1 ,miss ,cl>a ,e4 ,nusbaum1 ,mrs4 ,lucretia ,j4 ,osgood1 ,miss ,j5nie ,phillips1 ,mrs4 ,hattie ,w4 ,read1 ,william ,e4 ,rog]s1 ,william ,selby1 ,miss ,mattie ,k4 ,a4 ,%aft]1 ,mrs4 ,hel5 ,s4 ,%attuck1 ,mrs4 ,e4 ,m4 ,%uey1 ,mrs4 ,lillian ,h4 ,%uey1 ,m4 ,m4 ,?omas1 ,mrs4 ,flora ,m4 ,?omasson1 ,mrs4 ,m>?a ,e4 ,w>r+1 ,hattie ,b4 ,:ite1 ,miss ,nellie ,f4 ,:itney1 ,mrs4 ,julia ,a4 ,wilcox1 ,miss ,gussie ,m4 ,wilson1 ,miss ,m>y ,e4 ,canada4 ,be]1 ,mrs4 ,ra*el ,m4 ,l4 ,beswick1 ,miss ,emma ,coleman1 ,mrs4 ,c>ol9e ,coll9s1 ,john ,r4 ,c\rtright1 ,mrs4 ,g]trude ,s4 ,curry1 ,mrs4 ,ca?>9e ,dudman1 ,miss ,s>ah ,a4 ,dunspaugh1 ,mrs4 ,leonora ,c4 ,f>quh>1 ,miss ,m>y ,l4 ,freel&1 ,mrs4 ,&rew ,griffi?1 ,mrs4 ,luc9da ,p4 ,gurney1 ,edw>d1 ,jr4 ,gurney1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,f4 ,h5d]son1 ,miss ,frances ,m4 ,h5d]son1 ! ,rev4 ,william ,h5d]son1 ,miss ,j5nie ,hoop]1 ,mrs4 ,h4 ,t4 ,horsey1 ,miss ,m>ia ,horsey1 ,miss ,heppie ,jackson1 ,miss ,eliza ,j4 ,james1 ,david ,k]r1 ,mrs4 ,j5nie ,langlois1 ,miss ,ida ,m4 ,leake1 ,miss ,annie ,lemon1 ,miss ,emily ,j4 ,long>d1 ,*>les ,h4 ,lucas1 ,mrs4 ,hattie ,j4 ,mc,donald1 ! ,rev4 ,c4 ,d4 ,mill>1 ,james ,e4 ,murray1 ,mrs4 ,almey ,j4 ,murray1 ,dr4 ,sydney ,s4 ,orr1 ,william ,h4 ,platt1 ,mrs4 ,h>riet ,l4 ,scott1 ! ,rev4 ,*>les ,t4 ,/rickl&1 ,john ,r4 ,?url[1 ,mrs4 ,isaac ,e4 ,watson1 ,miss ,georgiana ,woodside1 ,mrs4 ,jane ,hawaiian ,isl&s4 ,coleman1 ,mrs4 ,hattie ,a4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,obvi\s punctuation errors repair$4 ,page #beb1 8probation0 *ang$ to 8promotion0 7t ( dignity & promotion7 ,page #bgc1 8#aaj4c0 *ang$ to 8#aaj4c p] c5t40 7is equival5t to #aaj4c p] c5t4 (7 ,page #bib1 8,dur5go0 *ang$ to 8,durango0 7,f ,colorado--,durango--comes7 ,page #cje1 8,episopal0 *ang$ to 8,episcopal0 7! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur*7 ,page #cjf1 8,in=ma-0 *ang$ to 8,in=mation0 7,in=mation may be obta9$7 ,page #cji1 8,illtnois0 *ang$ to 8,ill9ois0 7section head+3 ,ill9ois47 ,page #caj1 8,ow51 ,miss ,lucy ,a40 mov$ to correct place 9 alphabetical li/3 f betwe5 ,peacock & ,p]r91 to betwe5 ,mell5 & ,pack4