,,! ,,c5tury ,,sci5ce ,,s]ies ,,edit$ ,,by ,,sir ,,h5ry ,e4 ,,roscoe1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,,humphry ,,davy ,,poet ,,& ,,philosoph] ,! ,c5tury ,sci5ce ,s]ies4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,sir ,,h5ry ,e4 ,,roscoe1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,john ,dalton & ! ,rise ( ,mod]n ,*emi/ry4 ,by ,sir ,,h5ry ,e4 ,,roscoe1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,major ,r5nell1 ,f4,r4,s41 & ! ,rise ( ,engli% ,geography4 ,by ,sir ,,clem5ts ,r4 ,,m>kham1 ,c4 ,b41 ,f4,r4,s41 ,presid5t ( ! ,royal ,geographical ,society4 ,ju/us von ,liebig3 8 ,life & ,"w 7#ahjc-ahgc74 ,by ,w4 ,a4 ,,%5/one1 ,f4,i4,c41 ,lectur] on ,*emi/ry 9 ,clifton ,college4 ,! ,h]s*els & ,mod]n ,a/ronomy4 ,by ,,agnes ,m4 ,,cl]ke1 ,au?or ( 8,a ,popul> ,hi/ory ( ,a/ronomy dur+ ! #ai? ,c5tury10 c4 ,*>les ,lyell & ,mod]n ,geology4 ,by ,rev4 ,pr(essor ,t4 ,g4 ,,bonney1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,james ,cl]k ,maxwell & ,mod]n ,physics4 ,by ,r4 ,t4 ,,glazebrook1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,humphry ,davy1 ,poet & ,philosoph]4 ,by ,t4 ,e4 ,,?orpe1 ,,ll4,d41 ,f4,r4,s41 ,pr9cipal ,*emi/ ( ! ,gov]nm5t ,laboratories4 ,9 ,prep>ation4 ,mi*ael ,f>aday3 8 ,life & ,"w4 ,by ,pr(essor ,,silvanus ,p4 ,,?ompson1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,pa/eur3 8 ,life & ,"w4 ,by ,m4 ,,arm& ,,ruff]1 ,m4,d41 ,director ( ! ,briti% ,in/itute ( ,prev5tive ,m$ic9e4 ,*>les ,d>w9 & ! ,orig9 ( ,species4 ,by ,,edw>d ,b4 ,,p\lton1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,r4,s41 ,hope ,pr(essor ( ,zoology 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d4 ,h]mann von ,helmholtz4 ,by ,a4 ,w4 ,r,,ck]1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,pr(essor ( ,physics 9 ! ,royal ,college ( ,sci5ce1 ,london4 ,,macmillan ,,co41 ,,limit$1 ,new ,york4 ,illu/ration3 ,,humphry ,,davy4 ,,tat #de4 7,f a pa9t+ by ,jackson7 ,,! ,,c5tury ,,sci5ce ,,s]ies ,,humphry ,,davy ,,poet ,,& ,,philosoph] ,,by ,t4 ,e4 ,,?orpe1 ,,ll4,d41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,new ,york ,,macmillan ,,co41 ,,limit$ #ahif ,,preface ,= ! details ( ,sir ,humphry ,davy's p]sonal hi/ory1 z set =? 9 ?is little book1 ,i am ma9ly indebt$ to ! well-kn[n memoirs by ,dr4 ,p>is & ,dr4 ,john ,davy4 ,z biographies1 ^! works are ( v unequal value4 ,to beg9 )1 ,dr4 ,p>is is n unfrequ5tly inaccurate 9 8 /atem5ts z to matt]s ( fact1 & dis+5u\s 9 8 inf]5ces z to matt]s ( conduct & op9ion4 ,! v extravagance ( 8 laudation sugge/s a d\bt ( 8 judgm5t or ( 8 s9c]ity1 & ?is is /r5g!n$ by ! too evid5t reli% ) :i* he dwells ^u ! foibles & frailties ( 8 subject4 ,! ins9c]ity is reflect$ 9 ! lit]>y /yle ( ! n>rative1 :i* is inflat$ & ov]-wr\ght4 ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 :o knew ,davy well & :o admir$ 8 g5ius & 8 _m social gifts1 *>act]is$ ! book z 8ung5tlemanly0 9 tone2 & !re is no d\bt t x gave pa9 to _m ( ,davy's fri5ds :o1 l ,scott1 believ$ t ju/ice _h n be5 done to 8 "*4 ,dr4 ,davy's book1 on ! o!r h&1 :il/ p]haps too p>tial at times--z might be expect$ f "o :o writes ( a bro!r to :om he 0 "u great obligations1 & = :om1 x is evid5t1 he _h ! highe/ respect & affection--is writt5 ) c&\r1 & a sobriety ( tone & a directness & simplicity ( /atem5t f> m effective ?an ! /ilt$ euphui/ic p]iods ( ,dr4 ,p>is1 ev5 :5 he seeks to be mo/ =cible4 ,:51 !re=e1 ,i h _h to deal ) conflict+ or inconsi/5t /atem5ts 9 ! two works on matt]s ( fact1 ,i h g5]ally pref]r$ to accept ! v]sion ( ,dr4 ,davy1 on ! gr\nd t he _h access to s\rces ( in=mation n available to ,dr4 ,p>is4 ,davy play$ su* a consid]able "p 9 ! social & intellectual _w ( ,london dur+ ! fir/ qu>t] ( ! c5tury t1 z might be expect$1 8 "n frequ5tly occurs 9 ! p]sonal memoirs & biographical lit]ature ( 8 "t2 & a numb] ( j\rnals & di>ies1 su* z ^? ( ,horn]1 ,ticknor1 ,h5ry ,crabb ,rob9son1 ,lockh>t1 ,m>ia ,edgewor?1 & o!rs t might be m5tion$1 make ref]5ce to him & 8 "w1 & indicate :at 8 contempor>ies ?\ght ( 8 "* & a*ievem5ts4 ,"s ( ^! ref]5ces w be f\nd 9 ! foll[+ pages4 ,x w surprise _m ,london]s to "k t !y owe ! ,zoological ,g>d5s1 9 l>ge measure1 to a ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry 9 ,albem>le ,/reet1 & t ! magnific5t e/abli%m5t 9 ! ,cromwell ,road1 ,s\? ,k5s+ton1 is ! outcome ( ! repres5tations1 unsuccessful = a "t1 :i* he made to 8 bro!r tru/ees ( ! ,briti% ,museum z to ! place ( natural hi/ory 9 ! national collections4 ,davy _h a lead+ %>e also 9 ! f\ndation ( ! ,a!num ,club1 & 0 "o ( its fir/ tru/ees4 ,i am fur!r "u v special obligations to ,dr4 ,humphry ,d4 ,rolle/on1 ! gr&-nephew ( ,sir ,humphry ,davy1 = mu* valuable mat]ial1 procur$ ?r\gh ! k9d co-op]ation ( ,miss ,davy1 ! gr&daught] ( ,dr4 ,john ,davy4 ,?is consi/$ ( lett]s f ,prie/ley1 ,kirwan1 ,s\!y1 ,col]idge1 ,m>ia ,edgewor?1 ,mrs4 ,b$does 7,anna ,edgewor?71 ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 ,gregory ,watt1 & o!rs2 &1 :at is ( especial int]e/ to 8 biograph]1 a l>ge numb] ( ,davy's own lett]s to 8 wife4 ,9 addition 7 pap]s relat+ to ! inv5tion ( ! ,safety ,lamp4 ,"s ( ! lett]s h already be5 publi%$ by ,dr4 ,john ,davy1 b o!rs n[ appe> 9 pr9t = ! fir/ "t4 ,i am also indebt$ to ,dr4 ,rolle/on = ! loan ( ! portrait repres5t+ ,davy 9 ,c\rt dress & 9 ! presid5tial *air ( ! ,royal ,society1 :i*1 reproduc$ 9 photogravure1 =ms ! frontispiece to ?is book4 ,! orig9al is a small highly-f9i%$ "w by ,jackson1 & 0 pa9t$ ab\t #ahbc4 ,! picture orig9ally belong$ to ,lady ,davy1 :o ref]s to x 9 ! lett] to ,davies ,gilb]t 7quot$ by ,weld 9 8 8,hi/ory ( ! ,royal ,society071 9 :i* %e (f]s ,lawr5ce's well-kn[n portrait to ! ,society1 & :i*1 by ! way1 ! ,society ne>ly lo/ ?r\gh ! subsequ5t action ( ! pa9t]4 ,= ! ref]5ces to ! e>ly hi/ory ( ! ,royal ,in/itution ,i am ma9ly indebt$ to ,dr4 ,b5ce ,jones's book4 ,i h1 moreov]1 to ?ank ! ,manag]s ( ! ,in/itution = _! k9dness 9 giv+ me p]mission to see ! m9utes ( ! e>ly meet+s1 & also = all[+ me to consult ! manuscripts & laboratory j\rnals 9 _! possession4 ,^! include ! orig9al records ( ,davy's "w1 & also ! notes tak5 by ,f>aday ( 8 lectures4 ,! ,manag]s h also all[$ me to reproduce ,miss ,h>riet ,moore's sket*--fir/ br\ght to my notice by ,pr(essor ,dew>--( ! *emical laboratory ( ! ,in/itution z x appe>$ 9 ! "t ( ,davy & ,f>aday1 & ,i h to ?ank !m = ! loan ( ,gillray's *>act]i/ic draw+ ( ! ,lecture ,!atre1 f :i* ! illu/ration on p4 #gj has be5 prep>$4 ,i h necess>ily _h to ref] to ! relations ( ,davy to ,f>aday1 & ,i tru/ ,i h said en\gh on t subject4 ,inde$1 9 my op9ion1 m ?an en\gh has be5 said already4 ,x is n necess>y to belittle ,davy 9 ord] to exalt ,f>aday2 & writ]s :o1 l ,dr4 ,p>is1 unm9dful ( ,george ,h]b]t's injunction1 are prone to adopt an anti!tical /yle 9 biographical n>rative h1 ,i am conv9c$1 done ,davy's memory mu* h>m4 ,i regret t ! space at my comm& has n all[$ me to g into great] detail into ! "q ( ,george ,/eph5son's relations to ! inv5tion ( ! safety lamp4 ,i h _h ample mat]ial plac$ at my disposal = a discussion ( ! "q1 & ,i am specially indebt$ to ,mr4 ,john ,patt9son & ! ,c\ncil ( ! ,lit]>y & ,philosophical ,society ( ,newca/le-^u-,tyne = _! k9dness 9 l5d+ me a r>e1 if n unique1 collection ( pamphlets & repr9ts ( newspap] articles :i* made _! appe>ance :5 ! idea ( (f]+ ,davy "s pro( ( ! value :i* ! coal own]s ent]ta9$ ( 8 inv5tion 0 fir/ promulgat$4 ,george ,/eph5son's claims are n to be dismiss$ summ>ily z pret5sions4 ,inde$1 8 behavi\r ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ! controv]sy increases "o's respect = him z a man ( integrity & rectitude1 consci\s ( :at he ?\ght due to himself1 & %[+ only a prop] assurance 9 8 own v9dication4 ,i v5ture to ?9k1 h[ev]1 t ! conclusion to :i* ,i h arriv$1 & :i*1 f ! exig5cies ( space1 is1 ,i fe>1 some:at baldly /at$1 z to ! apportionm5t ( ! m]it ( ?is memorable inv5tion1 is j & c be well e/abli%$4 ,/eph5son might possibly h hit ^u a safety lamp if he _h be5 all[$ to "w out 8 own ideas indep5d5tly & by ! purely empirical me?ods he adopt$1 & x is conceivable t 8 lamp might h assum$ its pres5t =m )\t ! int]v5tion ( ,davy2 b x is difficult to imag9e t an unlett]$ man1 absolutely )\t k ( physical sci5ce1 c\ld h discov]$ ! philosophical pr9ciple ^u :i* ! security ( ! lamp dep5ds4 ,t4 ,e4 ,t4 ,may1 #ahif4 ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4--,,p5zance3 #aggh-agih #i ,,ii4--,,! ,,pneumatic ,,in/itution1 ,,bri/ol3 #agih-ahja #bf ,,iii4--,,! ,,pneumatic ,,in/itution1 ,,bri/ol3 #agih-ahja 7cont9u$7 #ed ,,iv4--,,! ,,royal ,,in/itution #ff ,v4--,,! ,,*emical ,,laboratory ,,( ,,! ,,royal ,,in/itution #ij ,,vi4--,,! ,,isolation ,,( ,,! ,,metals ,,( ,,! ,,alkalis #aaj ,,vii4--,,*lor9e #acd ,,viii4--,,m>riage--,,knigh?ood--8,,elem 5ts ,,( ,,*emical ,,philosophy0--,,nitrog5 ,,tri*loride--,,fluor9e #aee ,,ix4--,,davy ,,& ,,f>aday--,,iod9e #agc ,x4--,,! ,,safety ,,lamp #aib ,,xi4--,,davy ,,& ,,! ,,royal ,,society--,,8 ,,la/ ,,days #bac ,,humphry ,,davy1 ,,poet ,,& ,,philosoph]4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,p5zance3 #aggh-agih4 ,humphry ,davy1 ! elde/ son ( 8,c>v]0 ,rob]t ,davy & 8 wife ,grace ,millett1 0 born on ! #ag? ,decemb]1 #aggh4;,a ,8 biograph]s are n :olly agre$ z to ! exact place ( 8 bir?4 ,9 ! 8,lives ( ,philosoph]s ( ! ,"t ( ,george ,,iii40 ,"l ,br\gham /ates t ! great *emi/ 0 born at ,v>fell1 a home/ead or 8t[n-place0 9 ! p>i% ( ,ludgvan1 9 ! ,m\nt's ,bay1 :]e1 z ! regi/]s & tomb/ones ( ,ludgvan ,*ur* atte/1 ! family _h be5 settl$ = m ?an two hundr$ ye>s4 ,a ,9 "s biographical notices--e4g4 9 ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e1 xcix4 pt4 ii4 #i--! ye> is giv5 z #aggi4 ,mr4 ,tregellas1 9 8 8,corni% ,wor?ies0 7vol4 i41 p4 #bdg71 also leaves ! place unc]ta91 hesitat+1 app>5tly1 to decide betwe5 ,v>fell & ,p5zance4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,john ,davy1 8 bro!r ,humphry 0 born 9 ,m>ket ,jew ,/reet1 ,p5zance1 9 a h\se n[ pull$ d[n1 b :i* 0 n f> f ! /atue ( him t /&s 9 front ( ! ,m>ket ,h\se ( ?is t[n4 ,dr4 ,davy fur!r /ates t ,humphry's p>5ts remov$ to ,v>fell "s ye>s aft] 8 bir?1 :5 he himself 0 tak5 *>ge ( by a ,mr4 ,tonk94 ,! ,davys orig9ally belong$ to ,norfolk4 ,! fir/ memb] ( ! family t settl$ 9 ,cornwall 0 believ$ to h act$ z /ew>d to ! ,duke ( ,bolton1 :o 9 ! "t ( ,elizabe? _h a consid]able prop]ty 9 ! ,m\nt's ,bay4 ,!y 71 z a class1 respectable yeom5 9 fairly com=table circum/ances1 :o = g5]ations back _h receiv$ a lett]$ education4 ,!y took to !mselves wives f ! ,eu/icks1 ,adamses1 ,milletts1 & o!r old ,corni% families1 &1 if we may cr$it ! te/imony ( ! tomb/ones1 _h _m virtues1 7 n ov]giv5 to smuggl+ or wreck+1 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 di$ 9 _! own b$s4 ,! gr&fa!r ( ,humphry1 ,edmund ,davy1 0 a build] ( repute 9 ! we/ ( ,cornwall1 :o m>ri$ well & left 8 elde/ son ,rob]t1 ! fa!r ( ! *emi/1 9 possession ( ! small copyhold prop]ty ( ,v>fell1 to :i* ref]5ce has already be5 made4 ,rob]t1 al?\gh a p]son ( "s capacity1 seems to h be5 %iftless1 ?riftless1 & lax 9 habits4 ,9 8 y\? he _h be5 taught wood-c>v+1 & specim5s ( 8 skill are /ill to be se5 9 & ab\t ,p5zance4 ,b he practis$ 8 art 9 an irregul> fa%ion1 8 en]gies be+ ma9ly sp5t 9 field sports1 9 unsuccessful exp]im5ts 9 f>m+1 & 9 haz>d\s1 & = ! mo/ "p fruitless1 v5tures 9 m9+4 ,at 8 dea?1 :i* occurr$ :5 he 0 =ty-eight1 8 affairs 7 f\nd to be sadly emb>rass$2 8 wid[ & five *ildr5 7 left 9 v /rait5$ circum/ances1 & ,v>fell _h to be giv5 up4 ,=tunately = ! *ildr51 ! "m possess$ ! qualities :i* ! fa!r lack$4 ,ca/+ ab\t = ! means ( br++ up & educat+ h] family1 %e op5$ a mill9]'s %op 9 ! t[n1 9 p>tn]%ip ) a ,fr5* lady :o _h fl$ to ,engl& dur+ ! ,revolution4 ,by prud5ce1 good managem5t1 & ! =be>ance ( cr$itors1 %e n only succe$$ 9 re>+ & educat+ h] *ildr51 b gradually liquidat$ ! :ole ( h] husb&'s debts4 ,"s ye>s lat]1 by an unexpect$ /roke ( =tune1 %e 0 able to rel9qui% h] bus9ess4 ,%e liv$ to a good old age1 *e]ful & s]5e1 happy 9 ! respect & affection ( h] *ildr5 & 9 ! e/eem & reg>d ( h] t[nspeople4 ,su* a woman c\ld n fail to ex]cise a /rong & la/+ influ5ce = good on h] *ildr54 ,t x p[]fully affect$ ! "* ( h] son ,humphry1 he w\ld h be5 ! fir/ to admit4 ,no?+ 9 him 0 m rem>kable or m beautiful ?an 8 /rong & abid+ love = 8 "m4 ,no matt] h[ imm]s$ he 0 9 8 own affairs1 he c\ld always f9d "t amid/ ! :irl & excitem5t ( 8 ,london life1 amid/ ! worry & anxiety ( (ficial c>es--or1 :5 abroad1 among ! peaks ( ! ,noric ,alps or ! ru9s ( ,italian cities--to ?9k ( 8 f>-away ,corni% home & ( h] r\nd :om x 0 c5tr$4 ,to ! la/ he op5$ out 8 he>t to h] z he did to none o!r2 %e %>$ 9 all 8 aspirations1 & liv$ ) him ?r\gh 8 triumphs2 & by h] dea?1 j a ye> be=e 8 own1 %e 0 happily sp>$ ! k ( 8 physical decay & approa*+ end4 99 99 99 99 99 ,davy 0 ab\t sixte5 ye>s ( age :5 8 fa!r di$4 ,at t "t he 0 a bright1 curly-hair$1 hazel-ey$ lad1 some:at n>r[-*e/$ & und]gr[n1 awkw>d 9 mann] & gait1 b ke5ly fond ( out-door sport1 & m di/+ui%$ = a love ( mis*ief ?an ( le>n+4 ,dr4 ,c>dew1 ( ! ,truro ,gramm> ,s*ool1 :]e1 by ! k9dness ( ! ,tonk9s1 he sp5t ! ye> prec$+ 8 fa!r's dea?1 wrote ( him t he did n at t "t discov] any extraord9>y abilities1 or1 s f> z c\ld be obs]v$1 any prop5sity to ^? sci5tific pursuits :i* rais$ him to su* em95ce4 8,8 be/ ex]cises 7 translations f ! classics into ,engli% v]se40 ,he _h previ\sly sp5t n9e ye>s 9 ! ,p5zance ,gramm> ,s*ool "u ! tyranny ( ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,coryton1 a man ( irregul> habits & z defici5t 9 good me?od z 9 s*ol>%ip4 ,z ,davy us$ to come up = ! cu/om>y ca/igation1 ! wor?y foll[] ( ,orbilius 0 wont to repeat-- 8,n[1 ,ma/] ,davy1 ,n[1 sir6 ,i h 'ee ,no "o %all save 'ee-- ,good ,ma/] ,davy60 ,he _h1 too1 an unpleasant habit ( pull+ ! boys' e>s1 on ! supposition1 app>5tly1 t _! receptivity = oral in/ruction 0 !reby /imulat$4 ,x is record$ t on "o occasion ,davy appe>$ be=e him ) a l>ge pla/] on ea* e>1 expla9+1 ) a v grave face1 t he _h 8put ! pla/]s on to prev5t mortification40 ,:5ce x may be inf]r$ t1 9 spite ( all ! can+ & ! e>-pull+1 !re 0 /ill mu* ( ! unreg5]ate ,adam left 9 8good ,ma/] ,davy40 ,mr4 ,coryton's me?od ( inculcat+ k & ! love ( le>n+1 happily1 _h no p]man5t ill-effect on ! boy4 ,ye>s aft]w>ds1 :5 reflect+ on 8 s*ool-life1 he wrote1 9 a lett] to 8 "m-- 8,aft] all1 ! way 9 :i* we are taught ,lat9 & ,greek does n mu* influ5ce ! important /ructure ( our m9ds4 ,i consid] x =tunate t ,i 0 left mu* to myself :5 a *ild1 & put ^u no p>ticul> plan ( /udy1 & t ,i enjoy$ mu* idl5ess at ,mr4 ,coryton's s*ool4 ,i p]haps owe to ^! circum/ances ! little tal5ts t ,i h & _! peculi> application40 ,if ,davy's abilities 7 n p]ceiv$ by 8 ma/]s1 !y seem$ to h be5 fully recognis$ by 8 s*ool-fell[s--to judge f ! frequ5cy ) :i* !y s\ght 8 aid 9 _! ,lat9 compositions1 & f ! fact t half ! love-sick y\?s ( ,p5zance employ$ him to write _! val5t9es & lett]s4 ,8 lively imag9ation1 /rong dramatic p[]1 & ret5tive memory comb9$ to make him a good /ory-tell]1 & _m an ev5+ 0 sp5t by 8 comrades b5ea? ! balcony ( ! ,/> ,inn1 9 ,m>ket ,jew ,/reet1 li/5+ to 8 tales ( wond] or horror1 ga!r$ f ! 8,arabian ,nights0 or f 8 gr&mo!r ,davy1 a woman ( f]vid m9d /or$ ) traditions & anci5t leg5ds1 f :om he seems to h d]iv$ mu* ( 8 poetic in/9ct4 ,^? :o w\ld se>* 9 environm5t = ! conditions :i* det]m9e m5tal aptitudes1 w f9d x v difficult to asc]ta9 :at !re 0 9 ,davy's boyi% life 9 ,p5zance to m\ld him into a natural philosoph]4 ,at s*ool he seems to h acquir$ no?+ beyond a smatt]+ ( elem5t>y ma!matics & a c]ta9 facility 9 turn+ ,lat9 into ,engli% v]se4 ,mo/ ( :at he obta9$ 9 ! way ( g5]al k he pick$ up = himself1 f su* books z he f\nd 9 ! libr>y ( 8 b5efactor1 ,mr4 ,john ,tonk94 ,dr4 ,john ,davy has left u a sket* ( ! /ate ( society 9 ! ,m\nt's ,bay dur+ ! latt] "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 :i* s]ves to %[ h[ unfav\rable 0 ! soil = ! /imulation & developm5t ( intellectual p[]4 ,cornwall at t "t _h b little comm]ce2 & beyond ! tid+s c>ri$ by p$l>s or %ip-ma/]s1 or conta9$ 9 ! ,%]borne ,m]cury--! only newspap] :i* !n circulat$ 9 ! we/ ( ,engl&--x knew little or no?+ ( :at 0 go+ on 9 ! out] _w4 ,its roads 7 mo/ly m]e bridle-pa?s1 & a c>riage 0 z little kn[n 9 ,p5zance z a camel4 ,!re 0 only "o c>pet 9 ! t[n1 ! floors ( ! rooms be+1 z a rule1 spr9kl$ ) sea-s&3-- 8,all classes 7 v sup]/iti\s2 ev5 ! belief 9 wit*es ma9ta9$ its gr\nd1 & !re 0 an almo/ unb\nd$ cr$ulity respect+ ! sup]natural & mon/r\s4444 ,among/ ! middle & high] classes !re 0 little ta/e = lit]ature & /ill less = sci5ce1 & _! pursuits 7 r>ely ( a dignifi$ or intellectual k9d4 ,hunt+1 %oot+1 wre/l+1 cock-fight+1 g5]ally end+ 9 drunk5ness1 7 :at !y mo/ delight$ 94 ,smuggl+ 0 c>ri$ on to a great ext5t1 & drunk5ness & a l[ scale ( morals 7 naturally associat$ ) x40 ,davy1 an ard5t1 impulsive y\? ( /rong social in/9cts1 fond ( excitem5t1 & n ov] /udi\s1 seems1 n[ t he 0 releas$ f ! re/ra9t ( s*ool-life1 to h come "u ! influ5ce ( su* surr\nd+s4 ,= ne>ly a ye> he 0 re/less & unsettl$1 sp5d+ mu* ( 8 "t l 8 fa!r 9 rambl+ ab\t ! c\ntry & 9 fi%+ & %oot+1 & pass+ f desultory /udy to occasional dissipation4 ,! dea? ( 8 fa!r1 h[ev]1 made a pr(\nd impression on 8 m9d1 & sudd5ly *ang$ ! :ole c\rse ( 8 conduct4 ,z ! elde/ son1 & approa*+ manhood1 he seems at once to h realis$ :at 0 due to 8 "m & to himself4 ,! circum/ances ( ! family suppli$ ! /imulus to ex]tion1 & he dri$ 8 "m's te>s ) ! assurance t he w\ld d all 9 8 p[] = 8 bro!rs & si/]s4 ,a few weeks aft] ! decease ( 8 fa!r he 0 appr5tic$ to ,mr4 ,b+ham ,borlase1 an apo!c>y & surgeon practis+ 9 ,p5zance1 & at once m>k$ out = himself a c\rse ( /udy & self-tuition almo/ unp>allel$ 9 ! annals ( biography1 & to :i* he adh]$ ) a /r5g? ( m9d & t5acity ( purpose altoge!r unlook$ = 9 "o ( 8 ye>s & ( 8 gay & c>eless disposition4 ,t x 0 suffici5tly ambiti\s w be evid5t f ! foll[+ transcript f ! op5+ pages ( 8 e>lie/ note-book--a small qu>to1 ) p>*m5t cov]s1 dat$ #agie3-- #a4 ,!ology1 or ,religion1 taught by ,nature2 ,e?ics or ,moral virtues by ,revelation4 #b4 ,geography4 #c4 ,my ,pr(ession4 #a4 ,botany4 #b4 ,ph>macy4 #c4 ,nosology4 #d4 ,anatomy4 #e4 ,surg]y4 #f4 ,*emi/ry4 #d4 ,logic4 #e4 ,languages4 #a4 ,engli%4 #b4 ,fr5*4 #c4 ,lat94 #d4 ,greek4 #e4 ,italian4 #f4 ,spani%4 #g4 ,hebrew4 #f4 ,physics4 #a4 ,! doctr9es & prop]ties ( natural bodies4 #b4 ,( ! op]ations ( nature4 #c4 ,( ! doctr9es ( fluids4 #d4 ,( ! prop]ties ( organis$ matt]4 #e4 ,( ! organisation ( matt]4 #f4 ,simple a/ronomy4 #g4 ,me*anics4 #h4 ,rhetoric & ,oratory4 #i4 ,hi/ory & ,*ronology4 #aj4 ,ma!matics4 ,! note-book op5s ) 8,h9ts ,t[>ds ! ,inve/igation ( ,tru? 9 ,religi\s & ,political ,op9ions1 compos$ z !y occurr$1 to be plac$ 9 a m regul> mann] h]eaft]40 ,!n foll[ essays 8,on ! ,immortality & ,immat]iality ( ! ,s\l02 8,body1 ,organis$ ,matt]02 on 8,gov]nm5ts02 on 8,! ,cr$ulity ( ,mortals02 8,an ,essay to ,prove t ! ,?9k+ ,p[]s dep5d on ! ,organisation ( ! ,body02 8,a ,def5ce ( ,mat]ialism02 8,an ,essay on ! ,ultimate ,end ( ,be+02 8,on ,happ9ess02 8,on ,moral ,obligation40 ,^! e>ly essays display ! work+s ( an orig9al m9d1 int5t1 x may be1 on problems beyond its immature p[]s1 b /riv+ 9 all s9c]ity to "w out its own ?\ghts & to arrive at its own conclusions4 ,( c\rse1 ! d>+ y\? ( sixte5 :o ent]s ^u an inquiry into ! mo/ difficult problems ( !ology & metaphysics1 )1 :at he is pleas$ to call1 unprejudic$ reason z 8 sole guide1 quickly passes into a cold fit ( mat]ialism4 ,8 m9d 0 too impressionable1 h[ev]1 to h rea*$ ! /age ( settl$ convictions2 & 9 ! same note-book we subsequ5tly f9d ! heads ( a tra9 ( argum5t 9 fav\r ( a rational religi\s belief f\nd$ on immat]ialism4 ,metaphysical inquiries seem1 inde$1 to h occupi$ ! great] "p ( 8 "t at ?is p]iod2 & 8 note-books %[ t he made himself acqua9t$ ) ! writ+s ( ,locke1 ,h>tley1 ,bi%op ,b]keley1 ,hume1 ,helvetius1 ,condorcet1 & ,reid1 & t he _h "s k ( ! doctr9es ( ,kant & ! ,transc5d5tali/s4 ,t he ?\ght = himself1 & 0 n unduly sway$ by au?ority1 is evid5t f ! g5]al t5\r ( 8 notes1 & f ! critical rem>ks & comm5ts by :i* !y are accompani$4 ,"s ( ^! are wor? quot+3-- 8,sci5ce or k is ! association ( a numb] ( ideas1 ) "s idea or t]m capable ( recall+ !m to ! m9d 9 a c]ta9 ord]40 8,by exam9+ ! ph5om5a ( ,nature1 a c]ta9 simil>ity ( effects is discov]$4 ,! bus9ess ( sci5ce is to discov] ^! effects1 & to ref] !m to "s common cause2 t is to g5]alise ideas40 ,z 8 impulsive1 +5u\s disposition l$ him1 ev5 to ! la/1 to speak freely ( :at 0 upp]mo/ 9 8 m9d at ! mom5t1 we may be sure t 8 eld]s1 ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,tonk91 8 good fri5d ,john ,tonk91 & 8 gr&mo!r ,davy1 ) :om he 0 a great fav\rite1 z he 0 ) mo/ old p1 mu/ h be5 consid]ably ex]cis$ at times ) ! metaphysical disquisitions to :i* !y 7 treat$2 & we c well imag9e t _! pati5ce 0 occasionally z greatly tri$ z t ( ! wor?y memb] ( ! ,society ( ,fri5ds :o w\nd up an argum5t ) ! rem>k1 8,i tell !e :at1 ,humphry1 ?\ art ! mo/ quibbl+ h& at a dispute ,i ev] met ) 9 my life40 ,:e!r x 0 9 rev5ge = ?is sally t ! "y disputant compos$ ! 8,lett] on ! ,pret5d$ ,inspiration ( ! ,quak]s0 :i* is to be f\nd 9 "o ( 8 e>ly note-books1 does n appe>4 ,we easily trace 9 ^! e>ly essays ! evid5ces ( t facility & *>m ( expression :i* a few ye>s lat] a/oni%$ & delight$ 8 audi5ces at ! ,royal ,in/itution1 & :i* rema9$ ! *>act]i/ic features ( 8 lit]>y /yle4 ,^! qualities 7 9 no small degree /r5g!n$ by 8 frequ5t ex]cises 9 poetry4 ,= ,davy _h e>ly ta/$ ( ! ,pi]ian spr+1 &1 l ,pope1 may be said to h lisp$ 9 numb]s4 ,at five he 0 an improvisatore1 recit+ 8 rhymes at "s ,*ri/mas gambols1 attir$ 9 a fanciful dress prep>$ by a playful girl :o 0 relat$ to him4 ,t he _h ! div9e gift 0 ackn[l$g$ by no less an au?ority ?an ,col]idge1 :o said t 8if ,davy _h n be5 ! fir/ ,*emi/1 he w\ld h be5 ! fir/ ,poet ( 8 age40 ,s\!y also1 :o knew him well1 said aft] 8 dea?1 8,davy 0 a mo/ extraord9>y man2 he w\ld h excell$ 9 any dep>tm5t ( art or sci5ce to :i* he _h direct$ ! p[]s ( 8 m9d4 ,he _h all ! elem5ts ( a poet2 he only want$ ! art4 ,i h read "s beautiful v]ses ( 84 ,:5 ,i w5t to ,portugal1 ,i left ,davy to revise & publi% my poem ( #8,?alaba4'0 ,?r\gh\t 8 life he 0 wont1 :5 deeply mov$1 to express 8 feel+s 9 v]se2 & at times ev5 8 prose 0 s suffus$ ) ! gl[ ( poetry t to "s x seem$ altiloqu5t & inflat$4 ,"s ( 8 fir/ ef=ts appe>$ 9 ! 8,annual ,an?ology10 a "w pr9t$ 9 ,bri/ol 9 #agii1 & edit$ by ,s\!y & ,tob91 & int]e/+ to ! book-hunt] z "o ( ! fir/ ( ! lit]>y 8,annuals0 :i* subsequ5tly became s fa%ionable4 ,davy _h an int5se love ( ,nature1 & no?+ /irr$ ! poetic fire )9 him m ?an ! sight ( "s sublime natural object su* z a /orm-beat5 cliff1 a mighty m\nta91 a resi/less torr5t1 or "s spectacle :i* recall$ ! p[] & maje/y ( ! sea4 ,n t he 0 ins5sible to ! simpl] *>ms ( pa/oral beauty1 or incapable ( sympa?y ) ,nature 9 h] s(te/1 t5d]e/ moods4 ,b ^! ?+s nev] seem$ to move him z did "s sc5e ( gr&eur1 or "s manife/ation ( /up5d\s natural en]gy4 ,! foll[+ l9es1 writt5 on ,fair ,head dur+ ! summ] ( #ahjf1 may s]ve z an example ( h[ sc5]y :5 associat$ 9 8 m9d ) ! s5tim5ts ( dignity or /r5g? affect$ him3-- 8,maje/ic ,cliff6 ,?\ bir? ( unkn[n "t1 ,long _h ! bill[s beat !e1 long ! waves ,ru%'d o'er ?y holl['d rocks1 ere life adorn'd ,?y brok5 surface1 ere ! yell[ moss ,_h t9t$ !e1 or ! wild dews ( heav5 ,clo!d !e ) v]dure1 or ! eagles made ,?y caves _! ary4 ,s 9 aft] "t ,long %alt ?\ re/ unalt]'d mid ! wreck ,( all ! might9ess ( human works2 ,= n ! lightn+1 nor ! :irlw9d's =ce1 ,nor all ! waves ( ocean1 %all prevail ,aga9/ ?y giant /r5g?1 & ?\ %alt /& ,till ! ,almighty voice :i* bade !e rise ,%all bid !e fall40 ,9 spite ( a love-passage :i* seems to h provok$ a succession ( sonnets1 8 devotions to ,calliope 7 by no means s unremitt+ z to prev5t him f foll[+ ! plan ( /udy he _h m>k$ out = himself4 ,8 note-books %[ t 9 ! e>ly "p ( #agif he attack$ ! ma!matics1 & ) su* ard\r t 9 little m ?an a ye> he _h work$ ?r\gh a c\rse ( :at he call$ 8,ma!matical ,rudim5ts10 9 :i* he includ$ 8fractions1 vulg> & decimal2 extraction ( roots2 algebra 7z f> z quadratic equations72 ,euclid's elem5ts ( geometry2 trigonometry2 log>i?ms2 s9es & tang5ts2 tables2 application ( algebra to geometry1 etc40 ,9 #agig he began ! /udy ( natural philosophy1 & t[>ds ! end ( ?is ye>1 :5 he 0 close on n9ete51 he turn$ 8 att5tion to *emi/ry1 m]ely1 h[ev]1 at ! outset z a bran* ( 8 pr(essional education1 & ) no o!r idea ?an to acqua9t himself ) its g5]al pr9ciples4 ,8 good =tune l$ him to select ,lavoisi]'s 8,elem5ts0--probably ,k]r's translation1 publi%$ 9 #agif--;z 8 text-book4 ,no *oice c\ld h be5 happi]4 ,! book is well suit$ to a m9d l ,davy's1 & he c\ld n fail to be impress$ by ! boldness & compreh5siv5ess ( its !ory1 its admirable logic1 & ! cle>ness & precision ( its /atem5ts4 ,f read+ & speculation he soon pass$ to exp]im5t4 ,b at ?is "t he _h nev] se5 a *emical op]ation p]=m$1 & _h little or no acqua9tance ) ev5 z mu* z ! =ms ( *emical app>atus4 ,phials1 w9e-glasses1 tea-cups1 & tobacco-pipes1 ) an occasional e>!n crucible1 7 all ! p>aph]nalia he c\ld comm&2 ! common m9]al acids1 ! alkalis1 & a few drugs f ! surg]y con/itut$ 8 /ock ( *emicals4 ,( ! nature ( ^! e>ly trials we "k little4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 almo/ c]ta9 t ! exp]im5ts ) sea-we$1 describ$ 9 8 two essays 8,on ,heat1 ,light & ! ,comb9ations ( ,light0 & 8,on ! ,g5]ation ( ,phosoxyg5 & ! ,causes ( ! ,col\rs ( ,organic ,be+s0 7see p4 #cj71 7 made at ?is "t1 & x is highly probable t ! exp]im5ts on l&-plants1 :i* are directly relat$ to ^? on ! ,fuci & are describ$ 9 connection ) !m1 7 made at ! same p]iod4 ,t he pursu$ 8 exp]im5ts ) *>act]i/ic ard\r is borne out by ! te/imony ( memb]s ( 8 family1 p>ticul>ly by t ( 8 si/]1 :o sometimes act$ z 8 assi/ant1 & ^: dress too frequ5tly suff]$ f ! corrosive action ( 8 *emicals4 ,! good ,mr4 ,tonk9 & 8 wor?y bro!r1 ! ,rev]5d ,doctor1 7 also f "t to "t abruptly & unexpect$ly made aw>e ( 8 zeal4 8,?is boy ,humphry is incorrigible6 ,he w bl[ u all into ! air60 7 occasional exclamations he>d to foll[ ! al>m+ noises :i* n[ & !n proce$$ f ! laboratory4 ,! well-kn[n anecdote ( ! syr+e :i* _h =m$ "p ( a case ( in/rum5ts ( a %ipwreck$ ,fr5* surgeon1 & :i* ,davy _h +5i\sly conv]t$ into an air-pump1 al?\gh relat$ by ,dr4 ,p>is 8) a m9ut5ess & vivacity wor?y ( ,defoe10 is1 9 all probability1 apocryphal4 ,nor has ,"l ,br\gham's /ory1 t 8 devotion to *emical exp]im5ts & 88 dislike to ! %op0 result$ 9 a disagreem5t ) 8 ma/]1 & t 8he w5t to ano!r 9 ! same place10 :]e 8he cont9u$ 9 ! same c\rse10 any sur] f\ndation 9 fact4 ,two or ?ree circum/ances conduc$ to develop ,davy's ta/e = sci5tific pursuits1 & to ext5d 8 opportunities = obs]vation & exp]im5t4 ,"o 0 8 acqua9tance ) ,mr4 ,gregory ,watt2 ano!r 0 8 introduction to ,mr4 ,davies ,gilb]t 7!n ,mr4 ,davies ,giddy71 a ,corni% g5tleman ( weal? & position1 :o liv$ to succe$ him 9 ! presid5tial *air ( ! ,royal ,society4 ,gregory ,watt1 ! son ( ,james ,watt1 ! eng9e]1 by 8 second m>riage1 0 a "y man ( s+ul> promise :o1 _h he liv$1 w\ld--if we may judge f 8 pap] 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions--h almo/ c]ta9ly acquir$ a di/+ui%$ position 9 sci5ce4 ,( a weakly1 consumptive habit1 he 0 ord]$ to sp5d ! w9t] ( #agig 9 ,p5zance1 :]e he lodg$ ) ,mrs4 ,davy1 bo>d+ ) ! family4 ,"y ,watt 0 ab\t two ye>s old] ?an ,davy1 & _h j left ! ,univ]sity ( ,glasg[1 88 m9d enri*$ beyond 8 age ) sci5ce & lit]ature1 ) a _s above ! little vanities & di/9ctions ( ! _w1 devot$ to ! acquisition ( k40 ,he rema9$ 9 ,p5zance until ! foll[+ spr+1 & by 8 example1 & by ! g5]\s fri5d%ip :i* he ext5d$ t[>ds him1 he develop$ & /r5g!n$ ,davy's resolve to devote himself to sci5ce4 ,davy's introduction to ,mr4 ,gilb]t1 8a man old] ?an himself1 ) consid]able k ( sci5ce g5]ally1 & ) ! advantages ( a ,univ]sity education10 0 also a mo/ timely & propiti\s circum/ance4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,p>is-- 8,mr4 ,gilb]t's att5tion 0 attract$ to ! future philosoph]1 z he 0 c>elessly sw++ ov] ! hat*1 or half-gate1 ( ,mr4 ,borlase's h\se1 by ! humor\s contortions into :i* he ?rew 8 features4 ,davy x may be rem>k$1 :5 a boy1 possess$ a c\nt5ance :i* ev5 9 its natural /ate 0 v f> f comely2 :ile 8 r\nd %\ld]s1 inh>moni\s voice & insignificant mann]1 7 calculat$ to produce any?+ r ?an a fav\rable impression3 9 rip] ye>s1 he 0 :at might be call$ #8good-look+1' al?\gh z a wit ( ! day obs]v$1 8 aspect 0 c]ta9ly ( ! #8bucolic' "*4 ,! *ange :i* 8 p]son und]w5t1 aft] 8 promotion to ! ,royal ,in/itution1 0 s rapid t 9 ! days ( ,h]odotus1 x w\ld h be5 attribut$ to no?+ less ?an ! miracul\s int]position ( ! ,prie/esses ( ,hel54 ,a p]son1 :o happ5$ to be walk+ ) ,mr4 ,gilb]t ^u ! occasion allud$ to1 obs]v$ t ! extraord9>y look+ boy 9 "q 0 "y ,davy1 ! c>v]'s son1 :o1 he add$1 0 said to be fond ( mak+ *emical exp]im5ts40 ,mr4 ,gilb]t 0 ?us l$ to int]e/ himself 9 ! boy1 :om he invit$ to 8 h\se at ,tr$rea1 (f]+ him ! use ( 8 libr>y1 & su* o!r assi/ance 9 8 /udies z he c\ld r5d]4 ,on "o occasion he 0 tak5 ov] to ! ,hayle ,copp]-,h\se1 & _h ! opportunity ( see+ a well-appo9t$ laboratory3 8,! tumultu\s delight :i* ,davy express$ on see+1 = ! fir/ "t1 a quantity ( *emical app>atus1 hi!rto only kn[n to him ?r\gh ! m$ium ( engrav+s1 is describ$ by ,mr4 ,gilb]t z surpass+ all description4 ,! air-pump m especially fix$ 8 att5tion1 & he work$ its pi/on1 exhau/$ ! receiv]1 & op5$ its valves1 ) ! simplicity & joy ( a *ild engag$ 9 ! exam9ation ( a new & fav\rite toy40 ,x has already be5 /at$ t 9 ! outset ,davy attack$ sci5ce z he did metaphysics1 approa*+ x f ! purely !oretical side4 ,z might be surmis$1 8 love ( speculation quickly f\nd ex]cise = itself1 & )9 f\r mon?s ( 8 introduction to ! /udy ( sci5ce he _h conceiv$ & elaborat$ a new hypo!sis on ! nature ( heat & light1 :i* he communicat$ to ,dr4 ,b$does4 ,dr4 ,?omas ,b$does 0 by tra9+ a m$ical man1 :o 9 v>i\s ways _h /riv5 to make a "n = himself 9 sci5ce4 ,he is kn[n to ! *emical bibliograph] z ! translator ( ! ,*emical ,essays ( ,s*eele1 & at "o "t occupi$ ! ,*air ( ,*emi/ry at ,ox=d4 ,! geological _w at ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury reg>d$ him z a zeal\s & uncompromis+ ,plutoni/4 ,8 "* 0 ?us describ$ by ,davy1 :o 9 ! la/ ye> ( 8 life jott$ d[n1 9 ! =m ( brief notes1 8 rem9isc5ces ( "s ( ! m rem>kable m5 ( 8 acqua9tance3-- 8,b$does 0 res]v$ 9 mann] & almo/ dry2 b 8 c\nt5ance 0 v agreeable4 ,he 0 cold 9 conv]sation1 & app>5tly mu* occupi$ ) 8 own peculi> views & !ories4 ,no?+ c\ld be a /rong] contra/ to 8 app>5t coldness 9 discussion ?an 8 wild & active imag9ation1 :i* 0 z poetical z ,d>w9's4444 ,on 8 dea?b$ he wrote me a mo/ affect+ lett]1 regrett+ 8 sci5tific ab]rations40 ,"o ( ,dr4 ,b$does's 8sci5tific ab]rations0 0 ! inception & e/abli%m5t ( ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution1 :i* he f\nd$ ) a view ( /udy+ ! m$ic9al effects ( ! diff]5t gases1 9 ! sangu9e hope t p[]ful rem$ies might be f\nd among/ !m4 ,! ,in/itution1 :i* 0 support$ :olly by subscription1 0 to be provid$ ) all ! means likely to promote its objects--a hospital = pati5ts1 a laboratory = exp]im5tal rese>*1 & a !atre = lectur+4 ,9 seek+ = a p]son to take *>ge ( ! laboratory1 ,dr4 ,b$does be?\ght him ( ,davy1 :o _h be5 recomm5d$ to him by ,mr4 ,gilb]t4 ,9 a lett] dat$ ,july #d?1 #agih1 ,dr4 ,b$does ?us writes to ,mr4 ,gilb]t3-- 8,i am glad t ,mr4 ,davy has impress$ y z he has me4 ,i h long wi%$ to write to y ab\t him1 = ,i ?9k ,i c op5 a m fruitful field ( inve/igation ?an any body else4 ,is x n also 8 mo/ direct road to =tune8 ,%\ld he n br+ out a fav\rable result he may /ill exhibit tal5ts = inve/igation1 & entitle himself to public confid5ce m effectually ?an by any o!r mode4 ,he mu/ be ma9ta9$1 b ! fund w n furni% a sal>y f :i* a man c lay up any?+4 ,he mu/ also devote 8 "t = two or ?ree ye>s to ! inve/igation4 ,i wi% y w\ld conv]se ) him ^u ! subject4444 ,i am sorry ,i _c at ?is mom5t specify a ye>ly sum1 nor c ,i say ) c]ta9ty :e!r all ! subscrib]s w acc$e to my plan2 mo/ ( !m w1 ,i d\bt n4 ,i h writt5 to ! pr9cipal ones1 & w lose no "t 9 s\nd+ !m all40 ,a =tnight lat]1 ,dr4 ,b$does aga9 wrote to ,mr4 ,gilb]t3-- 8,i h receiv$ a lett] f ,mr4 ,davy s9ce ,i wrote to y4 ,he has (t5] ?an once m5tion$ a g5teel ma9t5ance1 z a prelim9>y to 8 be+ employ$ to sup]9t5d ! ,pneumatic ,hospital4 ,i fe> ! funds w n all[ an ample sal>y2 he mu/ h[ev] be ma9ta9$4 ,i c atta* no idea to ! epi!t g5teel1 b p]haps all difficulties w\ld vani% 9 conv]sation2 at lea/ ,i ?9k y\r conv]s+ ) ,mr4 ,davy w be a m likely way ( smoo?+ difficulties ?an our correspond5ce4 ,x appe>s to me1 t ?is appo9tm5t w be> to be consid]$ z a "p ( ,mr4 ,davy's m$ical education1 & t x w be a great sav+ ( exp5se to him4 ,x may also be ! f\ndation ( a lucrative reputation2 & c]ta9ly no?+ on my "p %all be want+ to secure to him ! cr$it he may des]ve4 ,he does n und]take to discov] cures = ?is or t disease2 he may acquire j applause by br++ out cle>1 ?\gh negative results4 ,dur+ my j\rneys into ! c\ntry ,i h pick$ up a v>iety ( important & curi\s facts f diff]5t practition]s4 ,?is has sugge/$ to me ! idea ( collect+ & publi%+ su* facts z ?is "p ( ! c\ntry w f "t to "t af=d4 ,if ,i c\ld procure *emical exp]im5ts t bore any relation to organis$ nature1 ,i w\ld ins]t !m4 ,if ,mr4 ,davy does n dislike ?is me?od ( publi%+ 8 exp]im5ts ,i w\ld gladly place !m at ! head ( my fir/ volume1 b ,i wi% n t he %\ld make any sacrifice ( judgm5t or incl9ation40 ,?anks to ,mr4 ,gilb]t1 ! negotiation 0 br\ght to a successful issue4 ,mrs4 ,davy yield$ to h] son's wi%es1 & ,mr4 ,borlase surr5d]$ 8 ind5ture1 on ! back ( :i* he wrote t he releas$ him f 8all engagem5ts :atev] on acc\nt ( 8 excell5t behavi\r02 add+1 8because be+ a y\? ( great promise1 ,i w\ld n ob/ruct 8 pres5t pursuits1 :i* are likely to promote 8 =tune & 8 fame40 ,! only "o ( 8 fri5ds :o disapprov$ ( ! s*eme 0 8 old b5efactor1 ,mr4 ,john ,tonk91 :o _h hop$ to h e/abli%$ ,davy 9 8 native t[n z a surgeon4 ,mr4 ,tonk9 0 s irritat$ at ! failure ( 8 plans t he alt]$ 8 w1 & revok$ ! legacy ( 8 h\se1 :i* he _h bequea!d to him4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,pneumatic ,,in/itution1 ,,bri/ol1 #agih-ahja4 ,on ,octob] #bnd1 #agih1 ,davy set out = ,clifton ) su* books & app>atus z he possess$1 & ! ,,mss4 ( 8 essays on ,heat & ,light safely /[$ away among 8 baggage4 ,he 0 9 ! highe/ spirits1 & full ( confid5ce 9 ! future4 ,on 8 way ?r\gh ,okehampton he met ! ,london coa* deck$ ) laurels & ribbons1 & br++ ! news ( ,nelson's victory ( ! ,nile1 :i* he int]pret$ z a happy om54 ,a few days aft] 8 arrival1 he ?us wrote to 8 "m3-- 8,octob] #aa?1 #agih4 ,clifton4 8,,my ,,de> ,,"m1--,i h n[ a little leisure "t1 & ,i am ab\t to employ x 9 ! pleas+ occupation ( communicat+ to y an acc\nt ( all ! new & wond]ful ev5ts t h happ5$ to me s9ce my dep>ture4 8,i suppose y receiv$ my lett]1 writt5 9 a great hurry la/ ,sunday1 in=m+ y ( my safe arrival & k9d reception4 ,i mu/ n[ give y a m p>ticul> acc\nt ( ,clifton1 ! place ( my resid5ce1 & ( my new fri5ds ,dr4 & ,mrs4 ,b$does & _! family4 8,clifton is situat$ on ! top ( a hill1 comm&+ a view ( ,bri/ol & its neighb\rhood1 conv5i5tly elevat$ above ! dirt & noise ( ! city4 ,"h are h\ses1 rocks1 woods1 t[n & c\ntry 9 "o small spot2 & b5ea? u1 ! sweetly-fl[+ ,avon1 s celebrat$ by ! poets4 ,inde$ !re c h>dly be a m beautiful spot2 x almo/ rivals ,p5zance & ! beauties ( ,m\nt's ,bay4 8,our h\se is capaci\s & h&some2 my rooms are v l>ge1 nice & conv5i5t2 &1 above all1 ,i h an excell5t laboratory4 ,n[ = ! inhabitants1 &1 fir/1 ,dr4 ,b$does1 :o1 betwe5 y & me1 is "o ( ! mo/ orig9al m5 ,i ev] saw--uncommonly %ort & fat1 ) little elegance ( mann]s1 & no?+ *>act]i/ic ext]nally ( g5ius or sci5ce2 extremely sil5t1 & 9 a few words1 a v bad companion4 ,8 behavi\r to me1 h[ev]1 has be5 p>ticul>ly h&some4 ,he has paid me ! highe/ complim5ts on my discov]ies1 & has1 9 fact1 become a conv]t to my !ory1 :i* ,i little expect$4 ,he has giv5 up to me ! :ole ( ! bus9ess ( ! ,pneumatic ,hospital1 & has s5t to ! editor ( ! ,mon?ly ,magaz9e a lett]1 to be publi%$ 9 ,novemb]1 9 :i* ,i h ! hon\r to be m5tion$ 9 ! highe/ t]ms4 ,mrs4 ,b$does is ! rev]se ( ,dr4 ,b$does--extremely *e]ful1 gay & witty2 %e is "o ( ! mo/ pleas+ wom5 ,i h ev] met )4 ,) a cultivat$ und]/&+ & an excell5t he>t1 %e comb9es an uncommon simplicity ( mann]s4 ,we are already v great fri5ds4 ,%e has tak5 me to see all ! f9e sc5]y ab\t ,clifton2 = ! ,doctor1 f 8 occupations & 8 bulk1 is unable to walk mu*4 ,9 ! h\se are two sons & a daught] ( ,mr4 ,lambton1 v f9e *ildr51 f five to ?irte5 ye>s ( age4 8,i h visit$ ,mr4 ,h>e1 "o ( ! pr9cipal subscrib]s to ! ,pneumatic ,hospital1 :o treat$ me ) great polit5ess4 ,i am n[ v mu* engag$ 9 consid]+ ( ! erection ( ! ,pneumatic ,hospital1 & ! mode ( conduct+ x4 ,i %all g d[n to ,birm+ham to see ,mr4 ,watt & ,mr4 ,keir 9 ab\t a =tnight1 :]e ,i %all probably rema9 a week or t5 days2 b be=e !n y w aga9 he> f me4 ,we are j go+ to pr9t at ,cottle's2 9 ,bri/ol1 s t my "t w be mu* tak5 up ! ensu+ =tnight 9 prep>ations = ! press4 ,! !atre = lectur+ is n yet op52 b1 if ,i c get a l>ge room 9 ,bri/ol1 & subscrib]s1 ,i int5d to give a c\rse ( *emical lectures1 z ,dr4 ,b$does seems mu* to wi% x4 8,my j\rney up 0 uncommonly pleasant2 ,i _h ! good =tune to travel all ! way ) acqua9tances4 ,i came into ,exet] 9 a mo/ joyful "t1 ! celebration ( ,nelson's victory4 ,! t[n 0 beautifully illum9at$1 & ! inhabitants loyal & happy4444 8,x w give y pleasure :5 ,i in=m y t all my expectations are answ]$ & t my situation is j :at ,i c\ld wi%4 ,b1 = all ?is1 ,i v (t5 ?9k ( ,p5zance & my fri5ds1 ) a wi% to be !re2 h[ev] t "t w come4 ,we are "s "t be=e we become accu/om$ to new modes ( liv+ & new acqua9tances4 8,believe me1 y\r affectionate son1 8,,humphry ,,davy40 ,mrs4 ,b$does1 ( :om ,davy speaks 9 su* appreciative t]ms1 0 "o ( ! _m si/]s ( ,m>ia ,edgewor?4 ,%e seems to h possess$ mu* ( ! intellig5ce1 wit1 vivacity1 & sunny hum\r ( ! accompli%$ au?oress ( 8,ca/le ,rackr5t02 &1 by h] *>m ( mann] & h] _m social gifts1 to h made h] husb&'s h\se ! c5tre ( ! lit]>y & intellectual life ( ,clifton4 ,?anks to h] influ5ce1 ,davy _h ! good =tune to be br\ght into contact1 at ! v outset ( 8 c>e]1 ) ,s\!y1 ,col]idge1 ! ,tob9s1 ,miss ,edgewor?1 & o!r notable lit]>y m5 & wom5 ( 8 "t1 ) _m ( :om he e/abli%$ firm & endur+ fri5d%ips4 ,he _h always a s9c]e admiration = 8 fair patroness1 & a grateful memory ( h] _m acts ( k9dness to him at ?is p]iod ( 8 life4 ,t %e 9 turn _h an e/eem am\nt+ to affection = ! gift$ y\? is evid5t f ! language ( t5d] feel+ & w>m reg>d 9 :i* h] lett]s to him are express$4 ,! sonnets accompany+ ^! lett]s are c\*$ 9 t]ms :i* admit ( no d\bt ( ! /r5g? ( h] s5tim5ts ( sympa?y & admiration1 & "s ( ! be/ ef=ts ( 8 muse 7 address$ to h] 9 return4 ,8 "w & prospects at ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution are suffici5tly indicat$ 9 ! foll[+ lett] to 8 fri5d & patron1 ,mr4 ,davies ,gilb]t1 writt5 five weeks aft] 8 arrival at ,clifton3-- 8,clifton1 ,novemb] #ab1 #agih4 8,,de> ,,sir1--,i h purposely delay$ writ+ until ,i c\ld communicate to y "s intellig5ce ( importance conc]n+ ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution4 ,! spe$y execution ( ! plan w1 ,i ?9k1 int]e/ y bo? z a subscrib] & a fri5d to sci5ce & mank9d4 ,! pres5t subscription is1 we suppose ne>ly adequate to ! purpose ( inve/igat+ ! m$ic9al p[]s ( factiti\s airs2 x /ill cont9ues to increase1 & we may hope = ! ability ( pursu+ ! inve/igation to its full ext5t4 ,we are negotiat+ = a h\se 9 ,d[rie ,squ>e1 ! proximity ( :i* to ,bri/ol1 & its g5]al situation & advantages1 r5d] x v suitable to ! purpose4 ,! funds w1 ,i suppose1 enable u to provide = eight or t5 pati5ts 9 ! hospital1 & = z _m out ( x z we c procure4 8,we %all try ! gases 9 e possible way4 ,!y may be cond5s$ by pressure & r>efi$ by heat4 ,qu]e1--,w\ld n a p[]ful inject+ syr+e furni%$ ) two valves1 "o op5+ into an air-hold] & ! o!r into ! brea?+ *amb]1 answ] ! purpose ( compression bett] ?an any o!r app>atus8 ,c y n1 f y\r ext5sive /ores ( philosophy1 furni% u ) "s h9ts on ?is subject8 ,may n ! non-respirable gases furni% a class ( diff]5t /imuli8 ( :i* ! oxymuriatic acid gas *lor9e w\ld /& ! highe/1 if we may judge f its effects on ! lungs2 !n1 probably1 gase\s oxyd ( azote nitr\s oxide8 & hydroc>bonate ! gases obta9$ by pass+ /eam ov] r$-hot *>coal4 8,i suppose y h n he>d ( ! discov]y ( ! native sulphate ( /rontian 9 ,engl&4 ,i %all p]haps surprise y by /at+ t we h x 9 l>ge quantities "h4 ,x _h long be5 mi/ak5 = sulphate ( b>ytes1 till our fri5d ,clayfield1 on endeav\r+ to procure ! muriate ( b>ytes f x by decomposition1 detect$ ! /rontian4 ,we op5$ a f9e ve9 ( x ab\t a =tnight ago at ! ,old ,passage ne> ! m\? ( ! ,sev]n4,b444 8,we are pr9t+ 9 ,bri/ol ! fir/ volume ( ! #8,we/ ,c\ntry ,collection1' :i* w1 ,i suppose1 be out 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,janu>y4 8,mrs4 ,b$does 444 is z good1 amiable1 & elegant z :5 y saw h]4 8,believe me1 de> ,sir1 ) affection & respect1 truly y\rs1 8,,humphry ,,davy40 ,b ,cf4 ,an acc\nt ( sev]al ve9s ( ,sulphate ( ,/rontites1 f\nd 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,bri/ol1 ) an ,analysis ( ! diff]5t v>ieties4 ,by ,w4 ,clayfield4 8,ni*olson's ,j\rn410 ,,iii41 #ahjj1 pp4 #cf-da4 ,! "w allud$ to 9 ?is lett] made its appe>ance 9 ! e>ly "p ( #agii1 "u ! title ( 8,contributions to ,physical & ,m$ical ,k1 pr9cipally f ! ,we/ ( ,engl&2 collect$ by ,?omas ,b$does1 ,m4,d40 ,! fir/ half ( ! volume1 9 accordance ) ! editor's promise1 is occupi$ by two essays f ,davy3 ! fir/ 8,on ,heat1 ,light1 & ! ,comb9ations ( ,light1 ) a new ,!ory ( ,respiration02 ! second 8,on ! ,g5]ation ( ,phosoxyg5 7,oxyg5 ,gas71 & on ! ,causes ( ! ,col\rs ( ,organic ,be+s40 ,to ! /ud5t ^! essays h no o!r int]e/ ?an is due to ! fact t !y are ,davy's fir/ contribution to ! lit]ature ( sci5ce4 ,no beg9n+ c\ld be m inauspici\s4 ,x is ! fir/ /ep t co/s1 & ,davy's fir/ /ep _h well nigh co/ him all t he liv$ =4 ,z additions to k !y are wor?less2 inde$1 a /]n critic might ) ju/ice *>act]ise !m 9 mu* /rong] language4 ,n[adays su* writ+s w\ld hopelessly damn ! reputation ( any "y aspirant = sci5tific fame1 = x is inde$ difficult to believe1 z we read p>agraph aft] p>agraph1 t _! au?or _h any real conception ( sci5ce1 or t he 0 capable ( und]/&+ ! ne$ or appreciat+ ! value ( sci5tific evid5ce4 ,! essays are p>tly exp]im5tal1 p>tly speculative1 & ! au?or app>5tly w\ld h u believe t ! speculations are entirely subs]vi5t to & dep5d5t on ! exp]im5ts4 ,precisely ! opposite is ! case4 ,davy's "w _h its orig9 9 ,lavoisi]'s 8,trait ,elm5taire10 almo/ ! only text-book ( *emi/ry he possess$4 ,lavoisi] taught1 9 con=mity ) ! doctr9e ( 8 "t1 t heat 0 a mat]ial sub/ance1 & t oxyg5 0 ess5tially a comp\nd body1 compos$ ( a simple sub/ance associat$ ) ! matt] ( heat1 or caloric4 ,! "y novitiate puts on 8 metaphysical %ield & buckl]2 & ) ! same jaunty self-confid5ce t he assail$ ,locke & criticis$ ,b]keley1 ent]s ! li/s aga9/ ?is doctr9e1 det]m9$1 z he told ,gregory ,watt1 8to demoli% ! ,fr5* !ory 9 half an h\r40 ,aft] a few high-s\nd+ b some:at disconnect$ introductory s5t5ces1 & a complim5t>y allusion to 8! !ories ( a celebrat$ m$ical philosoph]1 ,dr4 ,b$does10 he proce$s to put ,lavoisi]'s "q1 8,la lumire1 e/-elle une modification du calorique1 ou bi5 le calorique e/-il une modification de la lumire80 to ! te/ ( exp]im5t4 ,?is he does by repeat+ ,hawksbee's old exp]im5t ( snapp+ a gunlock 8arm$ ) an excell5t fl9t0 9 an exhau/$ receiv]4 ,! exp]im5t fails 9 8 h&s2 su* ph5om5a z he obs]ves he mis9t]prets1 & he at once concludes t light & heat h no?+ ess5tially 9 common4 8,nor c light be z "s philosoph]s suppose1 a vibration ( ! imag9>y fluid e!r4 ,= ev5 grant+ ! exi/5ce ( ?is fluid x mu/ be pres5t 9 ! exhau/$ receiv] z well z 9 atmosph]ic air2 & if light is a vibration ( ?is fluid1 g5]at$ by collision betwe5 fl9t & /eel 9 atmosph]ic air1 x %\ld likewise be produc$ 9 ! exhau/$ receiv]1 :]e a great] quantity ( e!r is pres5t1 :i* is n ! case40 ,s9ce1 !n1 x is nei!r an effect ( caloric nor ( an e!real fluid1 & 8z ! impulse ( a mat]ial body on ! organ ( vision is ess5tial to ! g5]ation ( a s5sation1 light is consequ5tly matt] ( a peculi> k9d1 capable :5 mov+ ?r\gh space ) ! greate/ velocity1 ( becom+ ! s\rce ( a num]\s class ( our s5sations40 ,by exp]im5ts1 faultless 9 pr9ciple b :olly imp]fect 9 execution1 he next seeks to %[ t caloric1 or ! matt] ( heat1 has no exi/5ce4 ,8 reason+ is cle>1 & 8 conceptions h ! m]it ( +5uity1 b any real acqua9tance ) ! conditions "u :i* ! exp]im5ts 7 made w\ld h conv9c$ him t ! results 7 untru/wor?y & equivocal2 & yet1 9 spite ( ! dubi\s "* ( 8 obs]vations1 he arriv$ at a !ory ( ! ess5tial nature ( heat :i* is 9 accord ) our pres5t convictions1 & :i* he /ates 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- 8,heat1 or t p[] :i* prev5ts ! actual contact ( ! corpuscles ( bodies1 & :i* is ! cause ( our peculi> s5sations ( heat & cold1 may be def9$ a peculi> motion1 probably a vibration1 ( ! corpuscles ( bodies1 t5d+ to sep>ate !m40 ,?is conception ( ! nature ( heat did n1 ( c\rse1 orig9ate ) him1 & x 0 a "q ) 8 contempor>ies h[ f> he 0 influ5c$ by ,rum=d's "w & tea*+4 ,on ?is po9t ,dr4 ,b$does's te/imony is direct & emphatic4 ,he says3-- 8,! au?or ,davy d]iv$ no assi/ance :atev] f ! ,c\nt's +5i\s lab\rs4 ,my fir/ k ( him arose f a lett] writt5 9 ,april #agih1 conta9+ an acc\nt ( 8 rese>*es on heat & light2 & 8 fir/ k ( ,c\nt ,rum=d's pap] 0 convey$ by my answ]4 ,! two ,essays conta9 pro(s en\gh ( an orig9al m9d to make x cr$ible t ! simple & decisive exp]im5ts on heat 7 indep5d5tly conceiv$4 ,nor is x necess>y1 9 excuse or 9 praise ( 8 sy/em1 to add1 t1 at ! "t x 0 =m$1 ! au?or 0 "u tw5ty ye>s ( age1 pupil to a surgeon-apo!c>y1 9 ! mo/ remote t[n ( ,cornwall1 ) little access to philosophical books1 & none at all to philosophical m540 ,hav+ ?us1 ) ,b$does1 expung$ caloric f 8 *emical sy/em1 ,davy proce$s to elevate ! matt] ( light into its place4 ,accord+ to ,lavoisi] oxyg5 gas 0 a comp\nd ( a simple sub/ance & caloric2 ,davy seeks to %[ t x is a comp\nd ( a simple sub/ance & light4 ,he objects to ! use ( ! ^w 8gas10 s9ce1 accord+ to ,fr5* doctr9e1 x is to be tak5 z imply+ n m]ely a /ate ( aggregation b a comb9ation ( caloric ) ano!r sub/ance1 & sugge/s !re=e t :at 0 call$ oxyg5 gas %\ld h5ce=? be kn[n z phosoxyg54 ,8 8pro(s0 t oxyg5 is really a comp\nd ( a simple sub/ance ) 8matt] 9 a peculi> /ate ( exi/5ce0 are p]haps ! mo/ futile t c\ld be imag9$4 ,*>coal1 phosphorus1 sulphur1 hydrog51 & z9c 7 caus$ to burn 9 oxyg52 light 0 evolv$1 oxides 7 =m$1 & a defici5cy ( weight 0 9 ea* case obs]v$4 ,he regrets1 h[ev]1 t he 8possess$ no balance suffici5tly accurate to det]m9e exactly ! defici5cy ( weight f ! light lib]at$ 9 diff]5t combu/ive processes40 8,f ^! exp]im5ts1 x appe>s t 9 ! *emical process ( ! =mation ( _m oxyds & acids1 light is lib]at$1 ! phosoxyg5 & combu/ible base consum$1 & a new body =m$4444 ,s9ce light is lib]at$ 9 ^! processes1 x is evid5t t x mu/ be lib]at$ ei!r f ! phosoxyg5 or f ! combu/ible body4444 ,if ! light lib]at$ 9 combu/ion be suppos$ 7accord+ to ,macqu]'s & ,hutton's !ories7 to arise f ! combu/ible body1 !n phosoxyg5 mu/ be consid]$ z a simple sub/ance2 & x foll[s on ?is supposition1 t :5ev] phosoxyg5 comb9es ) combu/ible bodies1 ei!r directly or by attraction f any ( its comb9ations1 light mu/ be lib]at$1 :i* is n ! case1 z c>bon1 iron & _m o!r sub/ances1 may be oxydat$ by ! decomposition ( wat] )\t ! lib]ation ( light40 ,davy is "h on ! horns ( a dilemma1 b he ignores ! difficulty1 &1 ) *>act]i/ic 8flexibility ( adaptation10 proce$s to (f] syn!tical pro(s 8t ! pres5ce ( light is absolutely ess5tial to ! production ( phosoxyg540 ,! "* ( ! 8pro(s0 is suffici5tly indicat$ by ! foll[+ extracts3-- 8,:5 pure oxyd ( lead is heat$ z mu* z possible1 includ$ f light1 x rema9s unalt]$2 b :5 expos$ to ! light ( a burn+-glass1 or ev5 ( a c&le1 phosoxyg5 is g5]at$ & ! metal revivifi$40 8,oxyg5at$ muriatic acid *lor9e is a comp\nd ( muriatic acid1 oxyg5 & light1 z w be h]eaft] prov$4 ,! comb9$ light is n suffici5t to attract ! oxyg5 f ! base muriatic acid to =m phosoxyg52 b its attraction = oxyg5 r5d]s ! oxyg5at$ muriatic acid decomposable4 ,if ?is acid be heat$ 9 a close vessel & light exclud$ no phosoxyg5 is =m$2 b if x be expos$ to ! sol> light1 phosoxyg5 is =m$2 ! acid loses its oxyg5 & light & becomes muriatic acid40 8,a plant ( ,ar5>ia ,t5uifolia plant$ 9 a pot fill$ ) v dry e>?1 0 ins]t$ 9 c>bonic acid1 "u m]cury4 ,! app>atus 0 expos$ to ! sol> light1 = f\r days successively1 9 ! mon? ( ,july4 ,by ?is "t ! m]cury _h asc5d$ consid]ably4 ,! gas 9 ! vessel 0 n[ measur$4 ,!re 0 a defici5cy ( "o-six? ( ! :ole quantity4 ,aft] ! c>bonic acid 0 tak5 up by pota%1 ! rema9+ quantity1 equal to "o-sev5? ( ! :ole1 0 phosoxyg5 almo/ pure4 ,f ?is exp]im5t1 x is evid5t t c>bonic acid is decompos$ by two attractions2 t ( ! vegetable = c>bon & ( light = oxyg53 ! c>bon comb9es ) ! plant1 & ! light & oxyg5 comb9$ are lib]at$ 9 ! =m ( phosoxyg540 ,! acc\nts :i* ,davy gives ( 8 exp]im5ts1 z well z ( ! ph5om5a :i* he pr(esses to h obs]v$1 may awak5 an uneasy d\bt z to 8 absolute integrity2 =1 x is h>dly necess>y to po9t out1 he c\ld n possibly h obta9$ ! results :i* he describes4 ,! pres5ce or abs5ce ( light 9 no wise affects ! decomposition by heat ( m9ium2 *lor9e1 z he himself subsequ5tly e/abli%$1 conta9s no oxyg52 & a plant is incapable ( decompos+ pure undilut$ c>bonic acid1 ev5 9 ! brighte/ sun%9e4 ,b ! "w ( a y\? ( n9ete51 imag9ative1 sangu9e1 & impetu\s1 ) no tra9+ z an exp]im5tali/1 & ) only a limit$ access to sci5tific memoirs1 _c be judg$ by too sev]e a canon4 ,! faculty ( self-deception1 ev5 9 ! l>ge/ & mo/ receptive m9ds1 (t5 9 ^? ( matur$ p[] & rip5$ exp]i5ce1 is b\ndless4 ,davy himself af=ds an exemplification ( ! tru? ( 8 own words1 writt5 ye>s aft]w>ds3 8,! human m9d is always gov]n$ n by :at x kn[s1 b by :at x believes2 n by :at x is capable ( atta9+1 b by :at x desires40 ,x is n necess>y to %[ h[ ! presumptu\s y\? drove 8 hobby ) all ! reckless d>+ ( a ,phton4 ,phlogi/on & oxyg5 _h 9 turn be5 ! c5tral conceptions ( !ories ( *emi/ry2 phosoxyg5 0 to supplant !m4 ,x 0 to expla9 ev]y?+--! blue col\r ( ! sky1 ! electric fluid1 ! ,aurora ,borealis1 ! ph5om5a ( fi]y meteors1 ! gre5 ( ! leaf1 ! r$ ( ! rose1 & ! sable hue ( ! ,e?iopian2 p]ception1 ?\ght1 & happ9ess2 & :y wom5 are fair] ?an m54 ,b ,jupit]1 9 ! %ape ( a ,review]1 soon hurl$ ! adv5tur\s boy f ! giddy heights to :i* he _h so>$4 ,! 8,we/ ,c\ntry ,collection0 receiv$ scant sympa?y f ! critics1 & ! phosoxyg5 !ory 0 ei!r m]cilessly ridicul$1 or treat$ ) contempt4 ,!re is no d\bt t ,davy ke5ly felt ! position 9 :i* he n[ /ood4 ,8 pride 0 humbl$1 & ! humiliation 0 z gall & wormwood4 ,! vision ( fame :i* 8 ard\r _h conjur$ up on ! top ( ! ,bri/ol coa*--0 x all a baseless fabric1 & its tra9 ( hon\rs & emolum5ts an insub/antial pageant8 ,all he c\ld plead 0 t 8 critics _h n und]/ood t ^! exp]im5ts 7 made :5 he _h /udi$ *emi/ry only f\r mon?s1 :5 he _h nev] se5 a s+le exp]im5t execut$1 & :5 all 8 in=mation 0 d]iv$ f ,ni*olson's 8,*emi/ry0 & ,lavoisi]'s 8,elem5ts40 ,b 8 good s5se quickly came to 8 rescue4 ,aft] ! fir/ feel+s ( ang] & mortification _h pass$1 he recognis$ ! ju/ice ( 8 puni%m5t1 mu* z he might res5t ! mode 9 :i* x 0 inflict$4 ,h[ ke5 0 ! sm>t w appe> f ! foll[+ reflection1 writt5 9 ! ,augu/ ( ! ye> 9 :i* ! essays 7 publi%$3-- 8,:5 ,i consid] ! v>iety ( !ories t may be =m$ on ! sl5d] f\ndation ( "o or two facts1 ,i am conv9c$ t x is ! bus9ess ( ! true philosoph] to avoid !m altoge!r4 ,x is m labori\s to accumulate facts ?an to reason conc]n+ !m2 b "o good exp]im5t is ( m value ?an ! +5uity ( a bra9 l ,newton's40 ,ab\t ! same "t he wrote3-- 8,i 0 p]haps wrong 9 publi%+1 ) su* ha/e1 a new !ory ( *emi/ry4 ,my m9d 0 ard5t & en?usia/ic4 ,i believ$ t ,i _h discov]$ ! tru?4 ,s9ce t "t my k ( facts is increas$--s9ce t "t ,i h become m sceptical40 ,9 ! ,octob] ( ! same ye> he wrote3-- 8,conv9c$ z ,i am t *emical sci5ce is 9 its infancy1 t an inf9ite v>iety ( new facts mu/ be accumulat$ be=e our p[]s ( reason+ w be suffici5tly ext5sive1 ,i r5\nce my own p>ticul> !ory z be+ a complete arrangem5t ( facts3 x appe>s to me n[ only z ! mo/ probable arrangem5t40 ,by ! end ( ! ye> ! rep5tance 0 complete1 & recantation foll[$4 ,9 a lett] :i* appe>$ 9 ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal 9 ,febru>y1 #ahjj1 he corrects "s ( ! errors into :i* he _h fall51 & says1 8,i beg to be consid]$ z a sceptic ) reg>d to my own p>ticul> !ory ( ! comb9ations ( light1 & !ories ( light 9 g5]al40 ,to ! end ( 8 days ,davy nev] =got ! lesson :i* 8 e>lie/ ef=t _h taught him2 & !re is no "q t ! memory ( x act$ z a salut>y *eck on ! exub]ance ( 8 fancy & ! flight ( 8 imag9ation4 ,! w\nd to 8 self-love 01 h[ev]1 nev] :olly heal$4 ,no?+ annoy$ him m ?an any ref]5ce to ,b$does's book1 & he decl>$ to ,dr4 ,hope t he w\ld joyfully rel9qui% any little glory or reputation he might h acquir$ by 8 lat] rese>*es 7 x possible to )draw 8 %>e 9 t "w & to remove ! impression he fe>$ x 0 likely to produce4 ,& yet1 9 spite ( ! unqualifi$ c5sure ) :i* !y 7 receiv$1 & ( ! sev]e condemnation ( !m by _! own au?or1 we are dispos$ to agree ) ,dr4 ,davy t po/]ity w n suff] ^! essays to be :olly blott$ out f ! records ( sci5ce4 ,t ! exp]im5tal "p 0 = ! mo/ "p radically bad1 t ! g5]alisation 0 ha/y & presumptu\s1 & ! reason+ imp]fect1 _c be ga9said4 ,b1 )al1 ! essays display "s ( ,davy's be/ & happie/ *>act]i/ics4 ,!re is dignity ( treatm5t & a s5se ( ! nobility ( ! !me on :i* he is engag$2 ! lit]>y quality is admirable2 !re is cle>ness ( p]ception & p]spicuity ( /atem5t2 ! facts z he knew !m--or z he ?\ght he knew !m--are m>%all$ ) +5uity & ) a logical precision wor?y ( 8 model & tea*] ,lavoisi]2 8 /yle is sonor\s & copi\s1 ev5 to r$undancy--"s ( ! p]iods inde$ gl[ ) all ! f]v\r & ri*ness ( 8 ,royal ,in/itution lectures4 ,h[ev] wild & vision>y 8 speculations may seem1 m9ds l ^? ( ,col]idge & ,s\!y 7 n ins5sible to ! intr9sic beauty ( "s ( 8 ideas4 ,8 !ory ( respiration might n be true1 b x _h at lea/ ! m]it ( poetic *>m 9 its consequ5ce t ! p[] & p]spicacity ( a ?9k] _h "s relation to ! am\nt ( light secret$ by 8 bra94 ,ev5 good old ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 ^: ,pegasus c\ld nev] be /irr$ beyond ! g5tle/ ( ambles1 tells u 9 ! ,app5dix to 8 8,doctr9e ( ,phlogi/on ,e/abli%$0 t ,mr4 ,h4 ,davy's essays _h impress$ him ) a high op9ion ( ! philosophical acum5 ( _! au?or4 8,8 ideas 7 to me new & v /rik+2 b10 he adds1 ) a caution t 0 n habitual1 8!y are ( too great consequ5ce to be decid$ ^u ha/ily40 ,among ! lett]s entru/$ to me is "o f ,prie/ley1 :i* mu/ h be5 p>ticul>ly gratify+ to ! "y man4 ,x is z foll[s3-- 8,nor?umb]l&1 ,oct4 #ca1 #ahja4 8,,sir1--,i h read ) admiration y\r excell5t publications1 & h receiv$ mu* in/ruction f !m4 ,x gives me peculi> satisfaction t1 z ,i am f> advanc$ 9 life1 & _c expect to d mu* m1 ,i %all leave s able a fell[-lab\r] ( my own c\ntry 9 ! great fields ( exp]im5tal philosophy4 ,z old an exp]im5t] z ,i am1 ,i 0 ne> =ty be=e ,i made any exp]im5ts on ! subject ( ,air1 & !n )\t1 9 a mann]1 any previ\s k ( *emi/ry4 ,?is ,i pick$ up z ,i c\ld1 & z ,i f\nd occasion = x1 f books4 ,i 0 also )\t app>atus1 & lab\r$ "u _m o!r disadvantages4 ,b my unexpect$ success induc$ ! fri5ds ( sci5ce to assi/ me1 & !n ,i want$ = no?+4 ,i rejoice t y are s "y a man2 & p]ceiv+ ! ard\r ) :i* y beg9 y\r c>e]1 ,i h no d\bt ( y\r success4 8,my son1 = :om y express a fri5d%ip1 & :i* he w>mly returns1 enc\rages me to ?9k t x may n be disagreeable to y to give me in=mation occasionally ( :at is pass+ 9 ! philosophical _w1 n[ t ,i am at s great a di/ance f x1 & int]e/$1 z y may suppose1 9 :at passes 9 x4 ,inde$1 ,i %all take x z a great fav\r4 ,b y mu/ n expect any?+ 9 return4 ,i am "h p]fectly insulat$1 & ?is c\ntry furni%es b few fell[-lab\r]s1 & ^! are s scatt]$1 t we c h b little communication ) ea* o!r1 & !y are equally 9 want ( in=mation ) myself4 ,un=tunately1 too1 correspond5ce ) ,engl& is v sl[ & unc]ta91 & ) ,france we h n z yet any int]c\rse at all1 ?o we hope to h x soon4444 8,i ?ank y = ! fav\rable m5tion y s frequ5tly make ( my exp]im5ts1 & h only to rem>k t 9 ,mr4 ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal y say t ! conduct+ p[] ( *>coal 0 fir/ obs]v$ by ^? :o made exp]im5ts on ! pile ( ,volta2 :]eas x 0 "o ( ! e>lie/ t ,i made1 & gave an acc\nt ( 9 my ,hi/ory ( ,electricity1 & 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions4 ,& 9 y\r treatise on ! ,nitr\s ,oxide p4 #ee y say1 & ju/ly1 t ,i conclud$ ?is air to be light] ?an t ( ! atmosph]e4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 an error 9 ! pr9t+ t ,i _c acc\nt =4 ,x %\ld h be5 alkal9e air1 z y w see ! exp]im5t necess>ily requires4 8,) ! greate/ e/eem1 ,i am ,sir1 y\rs s9c]ely 8,j4 ,,prie/ley40 ,9 ,davy's next contribution1 8,on ! ,silex compos+ ! ,epid]mis1 or ,ext]nal ,b>k1 & conta9$ 9 o!r p>ts ( c]ta9 ,vegetables10 publi%$ 9 ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal 9 ! e>ly "p ( #ahjj1 we f9d ! evid5ce ( a *a/5$ & contrite _s4 ,! !me is humble en\gh1 & ! language z sob] & s$ate z t ( ,mr4 ,cav5di%4 ,! *ance obs]vation ( a *ild t two bonnet-canes rubb$ toge!r 9 ! d>k produc$ a lum9\s appe>ance1 l$ him to inve/igate ! cause1 :i* he f\nd to reside 9 ! cry/allis$ silica pres5t 9 ! epid]mis4 ,re$s & grasses1 & ! /raw ( c]eals1 7 also f\nd to be ri* 9 silica1 f :i* he concludes t 8! fl9t ent]+ into ! composition ( ^! holl[ vegetables may be consid]$ z analog\s to ! bones ( animals2 x gives to !m /ability & =m1 & by be+ situat$ 9 ! epid]mis m effectively pres]ves _! vessels f ext]nal injury40 ,x is d\btful1 h[ev]1 :e!r ! rigidity ( ! /ems ( c]eals is :olly due to ! silica !y conta94 ,f a lett] to ,mr4 ,davies ,gilb]t1 dat$ ,april #aj?1 #agii1 we le>n t he _h n[ begun to inve/igate ! effects ( gases 9 respiration4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! ye> he _h remov$ to a h\se 9 ,d[ry ,squ>e1 ,clifton1 :]e he _h fitt$ up a laboratory4 ,aft] ?ank+ 8 fri5d = 8 critical rem>ks on 8 rec5tly publi%$ essays1 he says3 8,y\r excell5t & truly philosophic obs]vations w induce me to pay great] att5tion to all my positions4444 ,i made a discov]y ye/]day :i* proves h[ necess>y x is to repeat exp]im5ts4 ,! gase\s oxide ( azote is p]fectly respirable :5 pure4 ,x is nev] delet]i\s b :5 x conta9s nitr\s gas4 ,i h f\nd a mode ( obta9+ x pure1 & ,i brea!d to-day1 9 ! pres5ce ( ,dr4 ,b$does & "s o!rs1 sixte5 qu>ts ( x = ne> sev5 m9utes4 ,x appe>s to support life long] ?an ev5 oxyg5 gas1 & absolutely intoxicat$ me4 ,pure oxyg5 gas produc$ no alt]ation 9 my pulse1 nor any o!r mat]ial effect2 :]eas ?is gas rais$ my pulse upw>ds ( tw5ty /rokes1 made me dance ab\t ! laboratory z a madman1 & has kept my spirits 9 a gl[ ev] s9ce4 ,is n ?is a pro( ( ! tru? ( my !ory ( respiration8 = ?is gas conta9s m light 9 proportion to its oxyg5 ?an any o!r1 & ,i hope w prove a mo/ valuable m$ic9e4 8,we h upw>ds ( eighty out-pati5ts 9 ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution1 & are go+ on wond]fully well40 ,?is obs]vation ( ! respirability ( nitr\s oxide1 & ( ! effects ( its inhalation1 0 quickly confirm$4 ,s\!y1 ,col]idge1 ,tob9 7! dramati/71 ,joseph ,prie/ley1 ! son ( ! *emi/1 ! two ,w$gwoods1 & a doz5 o!r p ( less] note 7 induc$ to brea! ! gas & to record _! s5sations4 ,! discov]y 0 soon nois$ abroad2 ,dr4 ,b$does dispat*$ a %ort note to ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal1 & ! fame ( ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution w5t up by leaps & b\nds4 ,m>ia ,edgewor?1 :o 0 at ! "t on a visit to h] si/]1 ?us writes3-- 8,a "y man1 a ,mr4 ,davy1 at ,dr4 ,b$does'1 :o has appli$ himself mu* to *emi/ry1 has made "s discov]ies ( importance1 & en?usia/ically expects wond]s w be p]=m$ by ! use ( c]ta9 gases1 :i* inebriate 9 ! mo/ delightful mann]1 hav+ ! oblivi\s effects ( ,le!1 & at ! same "t giv+ ! raptur\s s5sations ( ! ,nect> ( ! ,gods6 ,pleasure ev5 to madness is ! consequ5ce ( ?is draught4 ,b fai?1 great fai?1 is ,i believe necess>y to produce any effect ^u ! dr9k]s1 & ,i h se5 "s ( ! adv5tur\s philosoph]s :o s\ght 9 va9 = satisfaction 9 ! bag ( ,gase\s ,oxyd1 & f\nd no?+ b a sick /oma* & a giddy head40 ,laugh+-gas1 inde$ ?reat5$ to become1 l ,prie/ley's dephlogi/icat$ air1 8a fa%ionable article 9 luxury40 ,monsieur ,five1 9 8 8,lettres sur l',anglet]re1 #ahjb10 names x 9 ! catalogue ( follies to :i* ! ,engli% 7 addict$1 & says ! practice ( brea?+ x am\nt$ to a national vice6 ,davy _h no soon] discov]$ t ! gas might be respir$1 ?an he proce$$ to attack ! :ole subject ( ! *emi/ry ( ! oxides ( nitrog51 & ( nitr\s oxide 9 p>ticul>1 & aft] t5 mon?s ( incessant lab\r he put toge!r ! results ( 8 obs]vations 9 an octavo volume1 entitl$1 8,rese>*es1 ,*emical & ,philosophical1 *iefly conc]n+ ,nitr\s ,oxide1 or ,dephlogi/icat$ ,nitr\s ,air1 & its ,respiration4 ,by ,humphry ,davy1 ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,m$ical ,in/itution40 ,! book appe>$ 9 ! summ] ( #ahjj1 & imm$iately re-e/abli%$ its au?or's "* z an exp]im5tali/4 ,?omson1 9 8 8,hi/ory ( ,*emi/ry10 says ( x3 8,?is "w gave him at once a high reputation z a *emi/1 & 0 really a wond]ful p]=mance1 :5 ! circum/ances "u :i* x 0 produc$ are tak5 into consid]ation40 ,9 spite1 h[ev]1 ( ! eulogies ) :i* x 0 welcom$1 its sale 0 nev] v ext5sive1 & a second edition 0 n requir$4 ,9 fact1 ! "w z a :ole 0 h>dly calculat$ to attract ! g5]al public1 ^: only conc]n ) laugh+-gas 0 9 its p[]s z an exhil>ant4 ,inde$1 ?is aspect ( ! "q is n :olly lo/ on ,davy himself1 :o is c>eful to po9t out t 8if ! pleasurable effects or m$ical prop]ties ( ! nitr\s oxide %\ld ev] make x an article ( g5]al reque/1 x may be procur$ ) mu* less "t1 lab\r1 & exp5se ?an mo/ ( ! luxuries1 or ev5 necess>ies1 ( life02 & 9 a footnote he adds4 8,a p\nd ( nitrate ( ammonia co/s #es4 #aj;d4 7its pres5t price is #i;d4674 ,?is p\nd1 prop]ly decompos$1 produces r m ?an #cd mod]ate doses ( ! air1 s t ! exp5se ( a dose is ab\t #b;d4 ,:at fluid /imulus c be procur$ at s *eap a rate80 ,to ! *emical /ud5t ! book _h1 & /ill has1 _m features ( int]e/4 ,x conta9s a numb] ( important facts1 bas$ on orig9al & fairly accurate obs]vation4 ,9 ! arrangem5t ( ^! facts 8,i h be5 guid$ z mu* z possible10 says _! au?or1 8by obvi\s & simple analogies only4 ,h5ce1 ,i h seldom ent]$ into !oretical discussions1 p>ticul>ly conc]n+ light1 heat1 & o!r ag5ts1 :i* are kn[n only by isolat$ effects4 ,e>ly exp]i5ce has taught me ! folly ( ha/y g5]alisation40 ,! "w is divid$ into f\r ma9 sections4 ,! fir/ *iefly relates to ! production ( nitr\s oxide1 & ! analysis ( nitr\s gas & nitr\s acid4 ,he m9utely /udies ! mode ( decomposition ( ammonium nitrate 7fir/ obs]v$ by ,b]?ollet71 & %[s t x is an endo!rmic ph5om5on1 v>y+ 9 "* ) ! temp]ature & mann] ( heat+4 ,he is ?us l$ to (f] ! foll[+ ,speculations on ! ,decompositions ( ,nitrate ( ,ammonia3-- 8,all ! ph5om5a ( *emi/ry concur 9 prov+ t ! aff9ity ( "o body1 ,a1 = ano!r1 ,b1 is n de/roy$ by its comb9ation ) a ?ird1 ,c1 b only modifi$2 ei!r by cond5sation or expansion1 or by ! attraction ( ,c = ,b4 ,on ?is pr9ciple ! attraction ( comp\nd bodies = ea* o!r mu/ be resolv$ into ! reciprocal attractions ( _! con/itu5ts1 & consequ5tly ! *anges produc$ 9 !m by v>iations ( temp]ature expla9$ f ! alt]ations produc$ 9 ! attractions ( ^? con/itu5ts40 ,! s+ul> prop]ty possess$ by ammonium nitrate ( decompos+ 9 sev]al di/9ct modes accord+ to ! rapidity ( heat+ & ! temp]ature to :i* ! sub/ance is rais$1 fir/ indicat$ by ,davy1 has be5 m9utely /udi$ by ,m4 ,b]!lot1 :o has %[n t ?is comp>atively simple salt may be decompos$ 9 z _m z six diff]5t ways4 ,x may be 7#a7 dissociat$ into gase\s nitric acid & ammonia2 7#b7 decompos$ into nitr\s oxide & wat]2 7#c7 resolv$ into nitrog51 oxyg51 & wat]1 7#d7 or into nitric oxide1 nitrog51 & wat]1 7#e7 or into nitrog51 nitrog5 p]oxide1 & wat]2 or la/ly 7#f71 "u ! influ5ce ( spongy plat9um1 x may be resolv$ into gase\s nitric acid1 nitrog51 & aque\s vap\r4 ,^! diff]5t modes ( decomposition may be di/9ct or simultane\s2 or1 m exactly1 ! pr$om9ance ( any "o ( !m dep5ds on relative rapidity & on ! temp]ature at :i* decomposition is produc$4 ,?is temp]ature is n fix$1 b is itself subord9ate to ! rapidity ( heat+ 7cf4 ,b]!lot's 8,explosives & ,_! ,p[]10 translat$ by ,hake & ,macnab74 ,! ass]tion ( ,de la ,me!rie1 t ! gas produc$ by ! solution ( plat9um 9 nitromuriatic acid 0 id5tical ) ! dephlogi/icat$ nitr\s air ( ,prie/ley 7nitr\s oxide71 l$ ,davy to exam9e ! gase\s products ( ?is reaction m p>ticul>ly4 ,he _h no difficulty 9 disprov+ ! /atem5t ( ! ,fr5* *emi/2 b 8 obs]vations1 al?\gh accurate1 l$ him to no def9ite conclusion4 8,x rema9s d\btful10 he says1 8:e!r ! gas consi/s simply ( highly oxig5at$ muriatic acid & nitrog51 produc$ by ! decomposition ( nitric acid f ! coalesc+ aff9ities ( plat9a & muriatic acid = oxyg52 or :e!r x is compos$ ( a peculi> gas1 analog\s to oxig5at$ muriatic acid & nitrog51 g5]at$ f "s unkn[n aff9ities40 ,! real nature ( ! gas1 :i* has also be5 consid]$ by ,lavoisi] z a p>ticul> species1 n hi!rto describ$1 0 fir/ e/abli%$ by ,gay ,lussac1 :5 ,davy _h himself prov$ t 8oxig5at$ muriatic acid0 0 a simple sub/ance4 ,9 ! second section ! comb9ations & composition ( nitr\s oxide are inve/igat$1 & an acc\nt is giv5 ( its decomposition by combu/ible bodies1 & a s]ies ( exp]im5ts are describ$ :i* are n[ among ! /ock illu/rations ( ! *emical lecture-room4 ,z to its composition1 he says1 8tak+ ! mean e/imations f ! mo/ accurate exp]im5ts1 we may conclude t #ajj gra9s ( ! kn[n pond]able matt] ( nitr\s oxide consi/ ( ab\t #cfg oxyg5 & #fcc nitrog50--no v great disp>ity f mod]n numb]s1 viz4 #cfd oxyg5 & #fcf nitrog54 ,he concludes ?is section ) a %ort review ( ! *>act]i/ic prop]ties ( ! comb9ations ( oxyg5 & nitrog51 among :i* he is l$ to class atmosph]ic air4 8,t ! oxyg5 & nitrog5 ( atmosph]ic air exi/ 9 *emical union1 appe>s almo/ demon/rable f ! foll[+ evid5ces4 8#a/4 ,! equable diffusion ( oxyg5 & nitrog5 ?r\gh e "p ( ! atmosph]e1 :i* c h>dly be suppos$ to dep5d on any o!r cause ?an an aff9ity betwe5 ^! pr9ciples4 8#b;dly4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! specific gravity ( atmosph]ic air1 & a mixture ( #bg p>ts oxyg5 & #gc nitrog51 z f\nd by calculation2 a diff]5ce app>5tly ow+ to expansion 9 consequ5ce ( comb9ation40 ,^! 8evid5ces0 _h already be5 adduc$ by o!rs1 z /at$ by ,davy2 ! fir/ 0 subsequ5tly disprov$ by ,dalton1 ! second 0 bas$ on inaccurate analyses ( air4 ,to ^! ,davy add$ two o!r 8pro(s0 :i* orig9at$ ) him3-- 8#c;dly4 ,! conv]sion ( nitr\s oxide into nitr\s acid1 & a gas analog\s to common air1 by ignition4 8#d?ly4 ,! solubility ( atmosph]ic air undecomp\nd$40 ,( ^! x may be /at$ t ! fir/ is invalid1 & ! second n true4 ,nitr\s oxide may1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 give rise to a mixture ( oxyg5 & nitrog51 b n necess>ily 9 ! same proportion z 9 common air2 & ! air boil$ out f wat] has n ! same composition z atmosph]ic air4 ,davy a few ye>s aft]w>ds obta9$ mu* cle>] views z to ! real nature ( ! atmosph]e1 & 01 9 fact1 "o ( ! e>lie/ to recognise t x is m]ely a mixture ( oxyg5 & nitrog54 ,! ?ird section consi/s ( an acc\nt ( obs]vations on ! action ( nitr\s oxide ^u animals1 & an inve/igation ( ! *anges effect$ 9 x by respiration2 :il/ ! f\r? & la/ gives a hi/ory ( ! respirability & ( ! extraord9>y effects ( nitr\s oxide1 ) details ( exp]im5ts on its p[]s made by diff]5t individuals4 ,! la/ portion ( ! inquiry--9 "t ( execution ! fir/--is p>ticul>ly int]e/+ to ! biograph] ( ,davy1 n only because ! "w 9 x 0 orig9at$ & c>ri$ out by him1 b also f ! light x incid5tally ?r[s on 8 "* & g5ius3-- 8,a %ort "t10 he says1 8aft] ,i began ! /udy ( *emi/ry1 9 ,m>* #agih1 my att5tion 0 direct$ to ! dephlogi/icat$ nitr\s gas ( ,prie/ley1 by ,dr4 ,mit*ell's ,!ory ( ,contagion40 8,dr4 ,mit*ell10 he tells u 9 a foot-note1 8attempt$ to prove f "s ph5om5on connect$ ) contagi\s diseases1 t dephlogi/icat$ nitr\s gas :i* he call$ oxide ( septon1 0 ! pr9ciple ( contagion1 & capable ( produc+ ! mo/ t]rible effects :5 respir$ by animals 9 ! m9ute/ quantities1 or ev5 :5 appli$ to ! sk9 or muscul> fibre40 8,! fallacy ( ?is !ory10 he cont9ues1 80 soon demon/rat$ by a few co>se exp]im5ts made on small quantities ( ! gas procur$ f z9c & dilut$ nitr\s nitric acid4 ,w\nds 7 expos$ to its action1 ! bodies ( animals 7 imm]s$ 9 x )\t injury2 & ,i brea!d x m+l$ 9 small quantities ) common air1 )\t rem>kable effects4 ,an inability to procure x 9 suffici5t quantities prev5t$ me at ?is "t f pursu+ ! exp]im5ts to any great] ext5t4 ,i communicat$ an acc\nt ( !m to ,dr4 ,b$does40 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ,april1 #agii1 he obta9$ nitr\s oxide 9 a /ate ( purity1 &1 z already /at$1 made ! attempt to respire x4 8,i 0 aw>e10 he says1 8( ! dang] ( ?is exp]im5t4 ,x c]ta9ly w\ld nev] h be5 made if ! hypo!sis ( ,dr4 ,mit*ell _h 9 ! lea/ influ5c$ my m9d4 ,i ?\ght t ! effects might be possibly depress+ & pa9ful1 b !re 7 _m reasons :i* induc$ me to believe t a s+le inspiration ( a gas app>5tly possess+ no imm$iate action on ! irritable fibre1 c\ld nei!r de/roy nor imm$iately injure ! p[]s ( life40 ,! exp]im5t 0 made3 ! gas pass$ into ! bron*ia )\t /imulat+ ! glottis1 & produc$ no uneasy feel+ 9 ! lungs4 ,!re 0 a s5se ( fulness 9 ! head accompani$ ) loss ( di/9ct s5sation & volunt>y p[]--a feel+ analog\s to t produc$ 9 ! fir/ /age ( intoxication1 b unatt5d$ by pleasurable s5sation4 ,9 company ) ,dr4 ,b$does ! exp]im5t 0 repeat$1 ) ! foll[+ results3-- 8,hav+ previ\sly clos$ my no/rils & exhau/$ my lungs1 ,i brea!d f\r qu>ts ( nitr\s oxide f & 9 to a silk bag4 ,! fir/ feel+s 7 simil> to ^? produc$ 9 ! la/ exp]im5t2 b 9 less ?an half a m9ute1 ! respiration be+ cont9u$1 !y dim9i%$ gradually1 & 7 succe$$ by a s5sation analog\s to g5tle pressure on all ! muscles att5d$ by a highly pleasurable ?rill+1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! *e/ & ! extremities4 ,! objects ar\nd me became dazzl+1 & my he>+ m acute4 ,t[>ds ! la/ inspirations1 ! ?rill+ increas$1 ! s5se ( muscul> p[] became great]1 & at la/ an irresi/ible prop5sity to action 0 indulg$ 92 ,i recollect b indi/9ctly :at foll[$2 ,i "k t my motions 7 v>i\s & viol5t4 ,^! effects v soon ceas$ aft] respiration4 ,9 t5 m9utes ,i _h recov]$ my natural /ate ( m9d4 ,! ?rill+ 9 ! extremities cont9u$ long] ?an ! o!r s5sations4 ,?is exp]im5t 0 made 9 ! morn+2 no lang\r or exhau/ion 0 consequ5t1 my feel+s ?r\gh\t ! day 7 z usual1 & ,i pass$ ! night 9 undi/urb$ repose4 ,! next morn+ ! recollections ( ! effects ( ! gas 7 v indi/9ct1 & _h n rem>ks writt5 imm$iately aft] ! exp]im5t recall$ !m to my m9d ,i %\ld h ev5 d\bt$ ( _! reality4 ,i 0 will+ inde$ to attribute "s ( ! /rong emotion to ! en?usiasm1 :i* ,i suppos$ mu/ h be5 necess>ily connect$ ) ! p]ception ( agreeable feel+s1 :5 ,i 0 prep>$ to exp]i5ce pa9ful s5sations4 ,two exp]im5ts1 h[ev]1 made 9 ! c\rse ( ?is day1 ) scepticism1 conv9c$ me t ! effects 7 solely ow+ to ! specific op]ation ( ! gas40 ,hav+ ?us asc]ta9$ ! p[]s ( ! gas1 he made _m exp]im5ts to asc]ta9 ! l5g? ( "t x might be brea!d ) safety1 its action on ! pulse1 & its g5]al effects on ! heal? :5 (t5 respir$4 ,aft] a numb] ( exp]im5ts made to det]m9e its effect 9 allay+ fatigue1 9 induc+ sleep1 or 9 alleviat+ ! aft]-effects ( v9\s intoxication1 he resolv$ 8to brea! ! gas = su* a "t & 9 su* quantities z to produce excitem5t equal 9 duration & sup]ior 9 int5sity to t occasion$ by high intoxication f opium or alcohol40 ,= ?is purpose he 0 enclos$ 9 an air-tight or box-*amb]1 into :i* f "t to "t1 by ! help ( ,dr4 ,k+lake1 successive quantities ( tw5ty qu>ts ( nitr\s oxide 7 introduc$4 ,z he brea!d ! gas1 he f\nd t 8 temp]ature & pulse gradually increas$4 ,he exp]i5c$ a g5]ally diffus$ w>m? )\t ! slighte/ moi/ure ( ! sk91 a s5se ( exhil>ation simil> to t produc$ by a small dose ( w9e1 & disposition to muscul> motion & to m]rim5t4 ,lum9\s po9ts seem$ frequ5tly to pass be=e 8 eyes1 8 he>+ became m acute1 & he felt a pleasant lightness & p[] ( ex]tion 9 ! muscles2 &1 on acc\nt ( ! great desire ( action1 re/ 0 pa9ful4 ,aft] hav+ be5 9 ! box = an h\r & a qu>t] he began to respire tw5ty qu>ts ( unm+l$ nitr\s oxide4 ,:at foll[$ is be/ describ$ 9 8 own words3-- 8,a ?rill+1 ext5d+ f ! *e/ to ! extremities1 0 almo/ imm$iately produc$4 ,i felt a s5se ( tangible ext5sion highly pleasurable 9 e limb2 my visible impressions 7 dazzl+1 & app>5tly magnifi$1 ,i he>d di/9ctly e s\nd 9 ! room1 & 0 p]fectly aw>e ( my situation4 ,by degrees1 z ! pleasurable s5sations increas$1 ,i lo/ all connection ) ext]nal ?+s2 tra9s ( vivid visible images rapidly pass$ ?r\gh my m9d1 & 7 connect$ ) words 9 su* a mann]1 z to produce p]ceptions p]fectly novel4 ,i exi/$ 9 a _w ( newly connect$ & newly modifi$ ideas3 ,i !oris$1 ,i imag9$ t ,i made discov]ies4 ,:5 ,i 0 awak5$ f ?is semi deliri\s trance by ,dr4 ,k+lake1 :o took ! bag f my m\?1 indignation & pride 7 ! fir/ feel+s produc$ by ! sight ( ! p]sons ab\t me4 ,my emotions 7 en?usia/ic & sublime1 & = a m9ute ,i walk$ r\nd ! room p]fectly reg>dless ( :at 0 said to me4 ,z ,i recov]$ my =m] /ate ( m9d ,i felt an incl9ation to communicate ! discov]ies ,i _h made dur+ ! exp]im5t4 ,i endeav\r$ to recall ! ideas3 !y 7 feeble & indi/9ct2 "o collection ( t]ms h[ev] pres5t$ itself2 & ) a mo/ int5se belief & prophetic mann]1 ,i exclaim$ to ,dr4 ,k+lake1 #8,no?+ exi/s b ?\ghts6 ,! univ]se is compos$ ( impressions1 ideas1 pleasures & pa9s6'0 ,z might be anticipat$1 ! fri5d ( ,col]idge & ,s\!y1 himself a y\? ( s5sibility & poetic feel+1 0 curi\s to le>n :e!r ?is wond]ful gas w\ld increase 8 /ock ( ! div9e afflatus4 ,he walk$ amid/ ! sc5]y ( ! ,avon1 8r5d]$ exquisitely beautiful by bright moon%9e10 &1 ) a m9d fill$ ) pleasurable feel+s1 he brea!d ! gas1 & we h z a consequ5ce ! foll[+ effusion3-- 8,n 9 ! ideal dreams ( wild desire ,h ,i beheld a rapture-wak5+ =m3 ,my bosom burns ) no unhall['d fire1 ,yet is my *eek ) rosy blu%es w>m2 ,yet are my eyes ) sp>kl+ lu/re fill'd2 ,yet is my m\? replete ) murmur+ s\nd2 ,yet are my limbs ) inw>d transports fill'd1 ,& clad ) new-born might9ess ar\nd40 ,:e!r1 z ! result ( ?is ef=t1 ,davy ev] aga9 essay$ to tempt ! muse :5 "u ! influ5ce ( nitr\s oxide is d\btful4 ,n[adays ! gas is too frequ5tly associat$ ) unhappy memories ( ! d5ti/'s *air to call up pleasurable associations 9 a poet's m9d4 ,davy concludes 8 memoir ) "s cauti\s speculations z to ! mode ( action ( nitr\s oxide4 ,t x acts on ! blood he 0 well aw>e1 b x has be5 left = subsequ5t rese>* to det]m9e 9 :at mann]4 ,he po9ts out t 8z nitr\s oxide 9 its ext5sive op]ation appe>s capable ( de/roy+ physical pa91 x may probably be us$ ) advantage dur+ surgical op]ations 9 :i* no great effusion ( blood takes place40 ,z is well kn[n1 nitr\s oxide is n[ "o ( ! commone/ an/hetic ag5ts4 ,z reg>ds ! g5]al "q h[ f> ! gases are likely to subs]ve ! int]e/s ( m$ic9e1 he is v gu>d$4 8,pneumatic *emi/ry10 he says1 89 its application to m$ic9e is an art 9 infancy1 weak1 almo/ useless1 b app>5tly possess$ ( capabilities ( improvem5t4 ,to be r5d]$ /rong & mature1 %e mu/ be n\ri%$ by facts1 /r5g!n$ by ex]cise1 & cauti\sly direct$ 9 ! application ( h] p[]s by rational scepticism40 ,davy's success ) nitr\s oxide l$ him to attempt to respire o!r gases--su* z hydrog51 nitric oxide1 c>bonic acid--) 9 "o or two cases almo/ fatal consequ5ces4 ,on "o occasion he tri$ to brea! wat]-gas1 made by pass+ /eam ov] *>coal1 & 0 ) difficulty br\ght to life aga94 ,^! delet]i\s exp]im5ts1 c>ri$ on ) all ! ard\r & impetuosity ( 8 nature1 & at ! exp5se ( mu* n]v\s en]gy1 react$ prejudicially on 8 heal?1 & he 0 oblig$ to seek relaxation & quiet 9 ! pure atmosph]e ( 8 native place4 ,) ! approa* ( w9t] he 0 back aga9 9 ,bri/ol1 ) heal? re/or$ & vig\r r5ew$4 ,! foll[+ lett] to ,mr4 ,davies ,gilb]t is int]e/+ z fix+ ! "t at :i* he ent]$ on ! pa? ( inquiry :i* 0 to lead him to 8 greate/ triumphs3-- 8,pneumatic ,in/itution1 ,oct4 #bj1 #ahjj4 8,9 pursu+ exp]im5ts on galvanism1 dur+ ! la/ two mon?s1 ,i h met ) unexpect$ & unhop$-= success4 ,"s ( ! new facts on ?is subject promise to af=d in/rum5ts capable ( de/roy+ ! my/]i\s veil :i* ,nature has ?r[n ov] ! op]ations & prop]ties ( e!real fluids4 8,galvanism ,i h f\nd1 by num]\s exp]im5ts1 to be a process purely *emical1 & to dep5d :olly on ! oxidation ( metallic surfaces1 hav+ diff]5t degrees ( electric conduct+ p[]4 8,z9c is incapable ( decompos+ pure wat]2 & if ! z9c plates be kept moi/ ) pure wat]1 ! galvanic pile does n act2 b z9c is capable ( oxidat+ itself :5 plac$ 9 contact ) wat]1 hold+ 9 solution ei!r oxyg51 atmosph]ic air1 or nitr\s or muriatic acid1 c42 & "u su* circum/ances ! galvanic ph5om5a are produc$1 & _! int5sity is 9 proportion to ! rapidity ) :i* ! z9c is oxidat$4 8,! galvanic pile only acts = a few m9utes1 :5 introduc$ into hydrog51 nitrog51 or hydroc>bonate ! gas obta9$ by ! action ( /eam on *>coal2 t is1 only z long z ! wat] betwe5 its plates holds "s oxyg5 9 solution2 imm]se x = a few mom5ts 9 wat] conta9+ air1 & x acts aga94 8,x acts v vividly 9 oxyg5 gas1 & less s 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,:5 its plates are moi/5$ by m>9e acid1 its action is v p[]ful1 b inf9itely m s :5 nitr\s nitric acid is employ$4 ,five plates ) nitr\s nitric acid gave sp>ks equal to ^? ( ! common pile4 ,f tw5ty plates ! %ock 0 insupportable4 8,i _h almo/ =gott5 to m5tion1 t *>coal is a good galvanic excit]1 & decomposes wat]1 l ! metals1 9 ! pile2 b ,i mu/ /op1 )\t be+ able to expatiate on ! connection :i* is n[ obvi\s betwe5 galvanism & "s ( ! ph5om5a ( organic motion4444 8,i rema9 ) s9c]e respect & affection1 y\rs 8,,humphry ,,davy40 ,to 8 "m he writes3-- 8,hotwells1 ,novemb] #ai1 #ahjj4 8,,my ,,de> ,,"m1--,_h ,i believ$ t my sil5ce ( six weeks w\ld h giv5 y a mom5t's uneas9ess1 ,i %\ld h writt5 long ago4 ,b ,i h be5 engag$ 9 my fav\rite pursuit ( exp]im5t+1 & 9 endeav\r+ to amuse two ( my fri5ds :o h sp5t "s days at ! ,in/itute4 ,"o ( !m is y\r quondam lodg]1 ,gregory ,watt1 :o desir$ to be k9dly rememb]$ to y & ! family4444 8,accept my affectionate ?anks = y\r pres5ts4 ,i h receiv$ !m all1 & ,i h made a good use ( !m all4 ,sev]al times has a supp] on ! excell5t m>9ad$ pil*>ds made me recollect =m] times1 :5 ,i sat opposite to y1 my de> "m1 9 ! little p>l\r1 r\nd ! little table eat+ ( ! same delici\s food1 & talk+ ( future unkn[n ?+s4 ,little did ,i !n ?9k ( my pres5t situation1 or ( ! mode 9 :i* ,i am1 & am to be1 connect$ ) ! _w4 ,little did ,i !n ?9k t ,i %\ld ev] be s long abs5t f ! place ( my bir? z to feel long+s s p[]ful z ^? ,i n[ feel = visit+ x aga94444 8,i %all see ) he>tfelt pleasure ! "t approa*+ :5 ,i %all aga9 behold my fir/ home--:5 ,i %all endeav\r to repay "s ( ! debts ( gratitude ,i owe to y1 to ! ,doctor ,tonk91 & to my aunts4 ,my next visit %all n be s %ort a "o z ! la/4 ,i w /ay ) y at lea/ two or ?ree mon?s4 ,y h let half y\r h\se4 ,h y a b$-room res]v$ = me1 & a little room = a laboratory8 ,:i* "p h y let8 ,:5 ,i come to ,p5zance we w settle all ab\t ,john2 till !n ,i %\ld l = him to le>n ,fr5* & ,lat9 ) ,mr4 ,dug>t4 ,! exp5se ( ?is or any o!r "p ( 8 education ,i w be glad to defray4 ,d n by any means put him ) ,mr4 ,coryton4444 ,i w write to ,kitty 9 ! c\rse ( next mon?4 ,i am glad to he> ,grace is bett]4444 8,all 9 ! way ( progress goes on nobly4 ,my heal? 0 nev] bett] ?an x has be5 s9ce ,i left ,cornwall la/4 ,i %all be v glad to he> f y soon4 ,y h a hundr$ objects to write ab\t int]e/+ to me4 ,i c only write ( myself4444 ,love to ,kitty1 ,grace1 ,betsy & ,john4 8,f>ewell1 my de> "m4 ,i am y\r affectionate son 8,h4 ,,davy40 ,! foll[+ lett] is to 8 old fri5d & b5efactor1 ,mr4 ,john ,tonk93-- 8,d[ry ,squ>e1 ,clifton1 ,jan4 #ab1 #ahja4 8,,respect$ ,,sir1 444 ,natural philosophy has lately be5 enri*$ ) _m curi\s discov]ies1 among/ :i* galvanism1 a ph5om5on t promises to unfold to u "s ( ! laws ( our nature is "o ( ! mo/ important4 ,9 m$ic9e1 ! inoculation = ! c[-pox is becom+ g5]al1 n 9 ,engl& alone1 b ov] ! :ole ( ,europe2 & tak+ circum/ances z !y n[ /&1 x promises gradually to annihilate small-pox4 ,my discov]ies relat+ to ! nitr\s oxide1 ! pleasure-produc+ air1 are beg9n+ to make "s noise2 ! exp]im5ts h be5 repeat$1 ) ! greate/ success1 by ! pr(essors ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,ed9burgh1 :o h tak5 up ! subject ) great ard\r2 & ,i h receiv$ lett]s ( ?anks & ( praises = my lab\rs f "s ( ! mo/ respectable ( ! ,engli% philosoph]s4 ,i am sorry to be s mu* ( an egoti/2 yet ,i _c speak ( ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution & its success )\t speak+ ( myself4 ,our pati5ts are becom+ daily m num]\s1 & our ,in/itution1 9 spite ( ! political odium atta*$ to its f\nd]1 is respect$1 ev5 9 ! trad+ city ( ,bri/ol4444 ,i am at ?is mom5t v heal?y & v happy2 ,i h _h great success 9 my exp]im5ts & ,i ga9 a compet5ce by my pursuits1 at ! same "t t ,i am 79 hopes at lea/7 do+ some?+ t[>ds promot+ ! public good4 ,if ,i feel any anxiety1 x is t ( be+ remov$ s f> f y1 my "m1 & my relations & fri5ds4 ,if ,i 0 ne>]1 ,i w\ld endeav\r to be useful to y3 ,i w\ld endeav\r to pay "s ( ! debts ( gratitude1 ,i owe to y1 my fir/ protector & e>lie/ fri5d4 ,z x is1 ,i mu/ look =w>d to a futurity t w enable me to d ?is2 b1 believe me1 :]ev] ,i am1 & :atev] may be my situation1 ,i %all nev] lose ! remembrance ( obligations conf]r$ on me1 or ! s5se ( gratitude :i* ought to accompany !m4 8,i rema91 respect$ ,sir1 ) unfeign$ duty & affection1 y\rs 8,h4 ,,davy40 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,pneumatic ,,in/itution1 ,,bri/ol1 #agih-ahja 7cont9u$74 ,p]haps at no "t ( 8 life 0 ,davy m ke5ly s5sible ( ! joy ( liv+ ?an at ?is p]iod--89 ! fl[] & fre%ness ( 8 y\?10 z ,s\!y says4 ,t he 0 eag]1 active1 buoyant1 happy1 is obvi\s f 8 lett]s4 ,he _h ! sweet consci\sness ( success1 & all ! sweet] t x _h s quickly foll[$ ! bitt]ness ( disappo9tm5t4 ,he _h be5 able to measure himself aga9/ "s ( ! able/ m9ds ( ! "t--( m5 :o 7 mak+ ! intellectual hi/ory ( ! e>ly "p ( ?is c5tury--& ! comp>ison1 we may be sure1 0 n altoge!r unpleas+ to him4 ,! love ( fame--8! hon\rable me$ ( ! applause ( enlight5$ m510 z he call$ x--0 8 rul+ passion & ! motive pr9ciple ( 8 life4 ,z 8 exp]i5ce & ! range ( 8 k wid5$1 he felt a gr[+ conviction t ) heal? & /r5g? he ne$ set no b\nds to ! limits ( 8 ambition4 ,( ! impression he made on o!rs1 & ( ! influ5ce & p[] he ex]t$ on m9ds f> m matur$ ?an 8 own1 we h abundant evid5ce 9 ! lett]s ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,miss ,edgewor?'s good-hum\r$ patronage quickly pass$ into amazem5t & end$ 9 awe4 ,writ+ to ,william ,taylor ( ,norwi*1 ,s\!y calls ,davy 8a miracul\s "y man1 ^: tal5ts ,i c only wond] at40 ,amos ,cottle1 poet & publi%]1 to :om he 0 introduc$ %ortly aft] 8 arrival at ,bri/ol1 says ( him 9 ! 8,rem9isc5ces ( ,col]idge & ,s\!y03-- 8,i 0 mu* /ruck ) ! intellectual "* ( 8 face4 ,8 eye 0 pi]c+1 & :5 n engag$ 9 conv]se1 0 rem>kably introv]t$1 am\nt+ to abs5ce1 z ?\gh 8 m9d _h be5 pursu+ "s sev]e tra9 ( ?\ght sc>cely to be int]rupt$ by ext]nal objects2 &1 f ! fir/ int]view also1 8 +5u\sness impress$ me z mu* z 8 m5tal sup]iority40 ,cottle on "o occasion said to ,col]idge1 8,dur+ y\r /ay 9 ,london y d\btless saw a great _m ( :at are call$ ! clev]e/ m5--h[ d y e/imate ,davy 9 comp>ison ) ^!80 ,mr4 ,col]idge's reply 0 /rong b expressive3 8,:y1 ,davy c eat !m all6 ,!re is an en]gy1 an ela/icity1 9 8 m9d :i* enables him to seize on & analyse all que/ions1 pu%+ !m to _! legitimate consequ5ces4 ,e subject 9 ,davy's m9d has ! pr9ciple ( vitality4 ,liv+ ?\ghts spr+ up l turf "u 8 feet40 ,x c h>dly be d\bt$ t ,davy's connection ) t rem>kable lit]>y cot]ie :i* made its headqu>t]s 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,bri/ol 9 ! la/ ye> ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 /rongly /imulat$ 8 intellectual activity4 ,9 "o ( 8 poems writt5 at ?is p]iod he speaks ( hav+ 8felt ! w>m?1 ,! g5tle influ5ce ( cong5ial s\ls1 ,^: k9dr$ hopes h *e]'d me0 ,t ^! 8cong5ial s\ls0 9 turn felt 8 influ5ce no less /rongly w be app>5t f ! foll[+ lett]s--! fir/ f ,s\!y1 :o !n resid$ at ,we/bury1 ! o!rs f ,col]idge1 :o _h j remov$ to ! ,lake c\ntry3-- 8,?ursday1 ,may #d?1 #agii4 8,y\r #8,m\nt's ,bay1' my de> ,davy1 disappo9t$ me 9 its l5g?4 ,i expect$ m1 & wi%$ m1 because :at !re is is good2 !re is a c]ta9 swell1 an elevation 9 ! fl[ ( ! blank v]se1 :i*1 ,i d n "k h[1 produces an effect l ! fulness ( an organ-swell ^u ! feel+4 ,i h felt x f ! rhy?m ( ,milton1 & sometimes ( ,ak5side1 a pleasure :olly indep5d5t f t d]iv$ f ! s\l ( ! poetry1 aris+ f ! beauty ( ! body only4 ,i believe a man :o did n und]/& a ^w ( x w\ld feel pleasure & emotion at he>+ su* l9es read ) ! tone ( a poet4444 8,i mu/ n press ! subject ( poetry ^u y1 only d n lose ! feel+ & ! habit ( see+ all ?+s ) a poet's eye2 at ,bri/ol y h a good society1 b n a man :o kn[s any?+ ( poetry4 ,dr4 ,b$does' ta/e is v pessimism4 ,cottle only likes :at 8 fri5ds & himself write4 ,e p]son fancies himself compet5t to pron\nce ^u ! m]its ( a poem1 & yet no trade requires s long an appr5tice%ip1 or involves ! necessity ( su* multif>i\s k4444 8,at ,lym\? ,i saw ,tob9's fri5d ,williams :o op5$ ^u me ) an acc\nt ( ! gase\s oxide4 ,i _h ! advantage ( him1 hav+ felt :at he x seems _h only se54 ,lym\? :]e he is fix$ is c]ta9ly ! mo/ beautiful place ,i h se5 9 ,engl&1 s beautiful t all ! aft]-sc5es come flat & un9t]e/+4 ,! ,valley ( ,/ones is ab\t half a mile di/ant1 a /range & magnific5t place1 :i* ought to h fill$ ! :ole neighb\rhood ) traditions ( giants1 devils1 & magicians1 b ,i c\ld f9d none1 n ev5 a lie pres]v$4 ,i "k too little ( natural hi/ory to hypo!size ^u ! cause ( ?is valley2 x appe>$ to me t no?+ b wat] c\ld h s defle%$ & laid b>e ! bones ( ! e>?--t any inundation :i* c\ld h ov]topp$ ^! heights mu/ h delug$ ! k+dom2 b ! opposite hills are clo!d ) vegetable soil & v]dure1 !re=e ! cause mu/ h be5 p>tial--a wat]sp\t might h occasion$ x p]haps--& !re my conjectures re/$1 or r took a new direction to ! pre-,adamite k+s1 ! fi5ds :o m>ri$ ,diocletian's fifty daught]s--_! giant prog5y1 old ,m]l9 & ! build]s ( ! ,giant's ,causeway4 8,= ! next ,an?ology ,i project a poem on our ,clifton rocks2 ! sc5]y is fre% 9 my sight1 & ^! k9d ( poems d]ive a m int]e/+ ca/ z recollections ?an z imm$iate pictures4 ,f>ewell4 ,y\rs truly1 8,,rob]t ,,s\!y40 99 99 99 99 99 8,keswick1 ,friday ,ev5+1 ,july #be1 #ahjj4 8,,my ,,de> ,,davy1--,"w h>d1 & if success d n dance up l ! bubbles 9 ! salt 7) ! _s lamp "u x,c7 may ! ,devil & 8 dam take success6 ,my de> fell[6 f ! w9d[ be=e me !re is a great camp ( m\nta9s4 ,giants seem to h pit*$ _! t5ts !re4 ,ea* m\nta9 is a giant's t5t1 & h[ ! light /reams f !m6 ,davy6 ,i a*e = y to be ) u4 8,w4 ,wordswor? is su* a lazy fell[1 t ,i bemire myself by mak+ promises = him3 ! mom5t ,i receiv$ y\r lett]1 ,i wrote to him4 ,he w1 ,i hope1 write imm$iately to ,biggs & ,cottle4 ,at all ev5ts1 ^! poems mu/ n z yet be deliv]$ up to !m1 because t beautiful poem1 #8,! ,bro!rs1' :i* ,i read to y 9 ,paul ,/reet1 ,i neglect$ to deliv] to y1 & t mu/ beg9 ! volume4 ,i tru/1 h[ev]1 t ,i h invok$ ! sleep+ b>d ) a spell s pot5t1 t he w awake & deliv] up t ,sword ( ,argantyr1 :i* is to rive ! en*ant] ,gaudyv]se f 8 cr[n to 8 feet4 8,:at did y ?9k ( t case ,i translat$ = y f ! ,g]man8 ,t ,i 0 a well-mean+ sutor :o _h ultra-crepidat$ ) m zeal ?an wisdom66 ,i give myself cr$it = t ^w #8ultra-crepidat$1' x />t$ up 9 my bra9 l a creation4444 8,we drank tea ! night be=e ,i left ,grasm]e1 on ! isl& 9 t lovely lake2 our kettle swung ov] ! fire1 hang+ f ! bran* ( a fir-tree1 & ,i lay & saw ! woods1 & m\nta9s1 & lake all trembl+1 & z x 7 idealiz$ ?r\gh ! subtle smoke1 :i* rose up f ! cle> r$ emb]s ( ! fir-apples :i* we _h collect$2 aft]w>ds we made a glori\s bonfire on ! m>g91 by "s eld] bu%es1 ^: twigs heav$ & sobb$ 9 ! upru%+ column ( smoke1 & ! image ( ! bonfire1 & ( u t danc$ r\nd x1 ruddy1 laugh+ faces 9 ! twilight2 ! image ( ?is 9 a lake1 smoo? z t sea1 to ^: waves ! ,son ( ,god _h said1 ,peace6 ,may ,god1 & all 8 sons1 love y z ,i d4 8,s4 ,t4 ,,col]idge4 8,s>a desires h] k9d remembrances4 ,h>tley is a _s t dances on an asp5 leaf3 ! air t yond] sall[-fac$ & yawn+ t\ri/ is brea?+1 is to my babe a p]petual nitr\s oxide44440 ,c ,d\btless an allusion to ! decomposition ( ammonium nitrate1 :i* ,col]idge _h frequ5tly se5 ,davy effect4 99 99 99 99 99 8,?ursday night1 ,oct4 #i1 #ahjj4 8,,my ,,de> ,,davy1--,i 0 "r glad1 glad ) a /agg] ( ! he>t1 to see y\r writ+ aga94 ,_m a mom5t h ,i _h all my ,france & ,engl& curiosity susp5d$ & lo/1 look+ 9 ! adv]tisem5t front column ( ! ,morn+ ,po/ ,gazette]1 = ,mr4 ,davy's ,galvanic habitudes ( *>coal4 ,^u my s\l1 ,i believe !re is n a lett] 9 ^? words r\nd :i* a _w ( imag]y does n circumvolve2 y\r room1 ! g>d51 ! cold ba?1 ! moonlit rocks 444 & dreams ( wond]ful ?+s atta*$ to y\r "n4444 ,i pray y d write to me imm$iately1 & tell me :at y mean by ! possibility ( y\r assum+ a new occupation2 h y be5 successful to ! ext5t ( y\r expectations 9 y\r late *emical inquiries8444 8,z to myself1 ,i am do+ little wor?y ! relation4 ,i write = ,/u>t 9 ! ,morn+ ,po/1 & ,i am compell$ by ! god ,pecunia1 :i* 0 "o "n ( ! supreme ,jupit]1 to give a volume ( lett]s f ,g]many1 :i* w be a dec5t l\nge book1 & n an atom m4 ,! ,*ri/abel 0 runn+ up to #a1cjj l9es1 & 0 s mu* admir$ by ,wordswor?1 t he ?\ght x indelicate to pr9t two volumes ) 8 "n1 9 :i* s mu* ( ano!r man's 0 includ$4444 ,we mean to publi% ! ,*ri/abel1 !re=e1 ) a long blank-v]se ( ,wordswor?'s1 entitl$ ,! ,p$l> aft]w>ds *ang$ to #8,! ,excursion'4 ,i assure y ,i ?9k v diff]5tly ( ,*ri/abel4 ,i w\ld r h writt5 ,ru? & ,nature's ,lady1 ?an a million su* poems4 ,b :y d ,i calumniate my own _s by say+ ,i w\ld r8 ,god kn[s x is z delightful to me t !y are writt54444 8,wordswor? is fe>ful y h be5 mu* teaz$ by ! pr9t]s on 8 acc\nt1 b y c sympa?ise ) him4444 8,:5 y write1 & d write soon1 tell me h[ ,i c get y\r ,essay on ! ,nitr\s ,oxide4444 ,are y\r galvanic discov]ies important8 ,:at d !y lead to8 ,all ?is is ultra-crepidation1 b w\ld to heav5 ,i _h z mu* k z ,i h sympa?y6444 8,god bless y6 ,y\r mo/ affectionate 8,s4 ,t4 ,,col]idge40 99 99 99 99 99 8,greta ,hall1 ,tuesday night1 ,dec4 #b1 #ahjj4 8,,my ,,de> ,,davy1--,by an accid5t ,i did n receive y\r lett] till ?is ev5+4 ,i w\ld t y _h add$ to ! acc\nt ( y\r indisposition ! probable causes ( x4 ,x has left me anxi\s :e!r or no y h n expos$ y\rself to un:olesome influ5ces 9 y\r *emical pursuits4 ,!re are few be+s bo? ( hope & p]=mance1 b few :o comb9e ! #8are' & ! #8w be4' ,= ,god's sake1 !re=e1 my de> fell[1 d n rip op5 ! bird t lays ! gold5 eggs4444 8,at times1 inde$1 ,i w\ld fa9 be some:at ( a m tangible utility ?an ,i am2 b s ,i suppose x is ) all ( u--"o :ile *e]ful1 /irr+1 feel+ 9 resi/ance no?+ b a joy & a /imulus2 ano!r :ile dr[sy1 self-di/ru/+1 prone to re/1 loa?+ our own self-promises1 )]+ our own hopes--our hopes1 ! vitality & cohesion ( our be+8 8,i purpose to h ,*ri/abel publi%$ by itself--?is ,i publi% ) confid5ce--b my travels 9 ,g]many come f me n[ ) mortal pangs4 8,wordswor? has ne>ly f9i%$ ! conclud+ poem4 ,x is ( a mild1 unimpos+ "*1 b full ( beauties to ^? %ort-neck$ m5 :o h _! he>ts suffici5tly ne> _! heads--! relative di/ance ( :i* 7accord+ to citiz5 ,t\rd]1 ! ,fr5* translator ( ,spallanzani7 det]m9es ! sagacity or /upidity ( all bip$s & quadrup$s4444 8,god love y6 8,s4 ,t4 ,,col]idge40 8,no man ev] _h g5ius :o did n aim to execute m ?an he 0 able40 ,s wrote ,davy 9 "o ( 8 e>ly note-books2 & ( no man 0 ?is m true ?an ( ,davy himself4 ,busy z he 0 ) exp]im5tal rese>* at ?is "t1 8 m9d 0 by no means :olly occupi$ ) x4 ,*ange ( m5tal occupation 01 inde$1 a necessity to him4 ,at no p]iod ( 8 life c\ld he ex]cise t p[] ( su/a9$ & conc5trat$ ?\ght :i* s /rik+ly *>act]is$ ,newton or ,dalton or ,f>aday4 ,! foll[+ s*eme ( intellectual "w :i* he m>k$ out = himself %ortly aft] 8 arrival 9 ,bri/ol1 is *>act]i/ic ( ! re/less1 *angeful activity ( 8 m9d3-- 8,resolution3 ,to "w two h\rs ) p5 be=e breakfa/ on ! #8,lov] ( ,nature'2 & #8,! ,feel+s ( ,eldon' f six till eight2 f n9e till two 9 exp]im5ts2 f f\r to six1 read+2 sev5 till t51 metaphysical read+ 7i4e4 #8,sy/em ( ! ,univ]se'740 ,! 8,lov] ( ,nature0 & 8,! ,feel+s ( ,eldon0 7 two among ! half-doz5 romances he project$ at "o "t or o!r1 & ( :i* fragm5ts 7 f\nd among/ 8 pap]s1 & by means ( :i* he int5d$ to inculcate 8 own metaphysical & philosophical ideas & 8 views on education & ! developm5t ( "*4 ,dr4 ,john ,davy tells u t 8 note-books at ?is p]iod 7 n less *>act]i/ic2 8!y conta91 mix$ toge!r1 )\t ! lea/ reg>d to ord]1 s*emes & m9utes ( exp]im5ts1 pass+ ?\ghts ( v>i\s k9ds1 l9es ( poetry 7b ^! are 9 small proportion71 fragm5ts ( /ories & romances1 metaphysical fragm5ts1 & sket*es ( philosophical essays40 ,_m ( ^! jott+s & reflections are evid5tly bas$ on 8 own exp]i5ce1 & h5ce s]ve to illu/rate 8 temp]am5t & ! work+s ( 8 m9d4 ,9 an essay on 8,g5ius10 writt5 at ?is "t1 he says3-- 8,great p[]s h nev] be5 ex]t$ indep5d5t ( /rong feel+s4 ,! rapid arrangem5ts ( ideas1 f _! v>i\s analogies to ! equally rapid comp>isons ( ^! analogies1 ) facts uni=mly occurr+ dur+ ! progress ( discov]y1 h exi/$ only 9 ^? m9ds :]e ! ag5cy ( /rong & v>i\s motives is p]ceiv$--( motives modify+ ea* o!r1 m+l+ ) ea* o!r1 & produc+ t fev] ( emotion1 :i* is ! joy ( exi/5ce & ! consci\sness ( life40 ,! foll[+ extracts relate to sci5ce & philosophy3-- 8,philosophy is simple & intelligible4 ,we owe confus$ sy/ems to m5 ( vague & obscure ideas40 8,we ought to reason f effects alone4 ,false philosophy has uni=mly dep5d$ ^u mak+ use ( words :i* signify no def9ite ideas40 8,exp]im5tal sci5ce h>dly ev] af=ds u m ?an approximations to tru?2 & :5ev] _m ag5ts are conc]n$ we are 9 great dang] ( be+ mi/ak540 8,scepticism 9 reg>d to !ory is :at we ought mo/ rigor\sly to adh]e to40 8,! feel+ g5]ally connect$ ) new facts enables u to reason m rapidly ^u !m1 & is peculi>ly active 9 call+ up analogies40 8,probabilities are ! mo/ we c hope = 9 our g5]alisation1 & :5ev] we c trace ! connection ( a s]ies ( facts1 )\t be+ oblig$ to imag9e c]ta9 relations1 we may e/eem ourselves =tunate 9 our approximations40 8,"o use ( physical sci5ce is1 t x gives def9ite ideas40 ,to ! same p]iod belongs ! sket* or plan ( a poem1 9 blank v]se1 9 six books1 on ! deliv]ance ( ! ,israelites f ,egypt1 :i* ei!r ,s\!y or ,col]idge _h propos$ to him z a jo9t-"w1 fragm5ts ( :i* are to be f\nd among/ ! note-books4 ,t[>ds ! end ( #ahjj ,davy's visions ( future greatness began to take m def9ite %ape4 ,?is is h9t$ at 9 ! lett] f ,col]idge ( ,octob] #i?1 #ahjj1 already giv51 & also 9 "o to 8 "m1 dat$ ,septemb] #bg?1 #ahjj1 9 :i* he says1 8,my future prospects are ( a v brilliant nature1 & !y h become m brilliant s9ce ,i la/ wrote to y2 b :]ev] !re is unc]ta9ty ,i %all refra9 f anticipat+40 ,9 a few mon?s ! unc]ta9ty 0 practically at an end4 ,he _h be5 drawn into ! great vortex call$ ,london1 8full10 z he says 9 a lett] to ,hope1 8( ! expectation ( sci5tific discov]y f ! action ( m9d ^u m9d 9 ?is great hot-b$1 ( human p[]40 ,he ?us in=ms 8 "m3-- 8#ca/ ,janu>y1 #ahja4 8,,my ,,de> ,,"m1--,dur+ ! la/ ?ree weeks ,i h be5 v mu* occupi$ by bus9ess ( a v s]i\s nature4 ,?is has prev5t$ me f writ+ to y1 to my aunt1 & to ,kitty4 ,i n[ cat* a few mom5ts only ( leisure to in=m y t ,i am exce$+ly well1 & t ,i h _h proposals ( a v flatt]+ nature to induce me to leave ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution = a p]man5t e/abli%m5t 9 ,london4 8,y h p]haps he>d ( ! ,royal ,philosophical ,in/itution1 e/abli%$ by ,c\nt ,rum=d1 & o!rs ( ! ari/ocracy4 ,x is a v spl5did e/abli%m5t1 & wants only a comb9ation ( tal5ts to r5d] x em95tly useful4 8,c\nt ,rum=d has made proposals to me to settle myself !re1 ) ! pres5t appo9tm5t ( assi/ant lectur] on *emi/ry1 & exp]im5t] to ! ,in/itute2 b ?is only to prep>e ! way = my be+ 9 a %ort "t sole pr(essor ( *emi/ry1 c42 an appo9tm5t z hon\rable z any sci5tific appo9tm5t 9 ! k+dom1 ) an income ( at lea/ #ejjl a ye>4 8,i write to-day to get ! specific t]ms ( ! pres5t appo9tm5t1 :5 ,i %all det]m9e :e!r ,i %all accept ( x or n4 ,dr4 ,b$does has hon\rably absolv$ me f all engagem5ts at ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution1 provid$ ,i *oose to quit x4 ,h[ev]1 ,i h views "h :i* ,i am loa? to leave1 unless = v great advantages4 8,y w all1 ,i d>e say1 be glad to see me gett+ among/ ! ,royali/s1 b ,i w accept ( no appo9tm5t except ^u ! sacr$ t]ms ( indep5d5ce4444 8,i am y\r mo/ affectionate son 8,h4 ,,davy40 ,9 ! middle ( ,febru>y he 0 9 ,london negotiat+ ) ,rum=d4 ,he wrote to 8 "m1 8,8 proposals h n be5 unfair1 & ,i h ne>ly settl$ ! bus9ess40 ,h[ ! bus9ess 0 actually settl$ appe>s f ! foll[+ extract f ! ,m9ute ,book ( ! ,royal ,in/itution ( a resolution adopt$ at a ,meet+ ( ! ,manag]s on ,febru>y #af?1 #ahja3-- 8,resolv$--,t ,mr4 ,humphry ,davy be engag$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,royal ,in/itution1 9 ! capacities ( ,assi/ant ,lectur] 9 ,*emi/ry1 ,director ( ! ,laboratory1 & ,assi/ant ,editor ( ! ,j\rnals ( ! ,in/itution1 & t he be all[$ to occupy a room 9 ! h\se1 & be furni%$ ) coals & c&les2 & t he be paid a sal>y ( "o hundr$ gu9eas p] annum40 ,he return$ to ,bri/ol to h& ov] 8 *>ge ( ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution1 & to take leave ( 8 _m fri5ds 9 t city4 ,! foll[+ lett] to ,mr4 ,davies ,gilb]t is int]e/+ & *>act]i/ic3-- 8,hotwells1 ,m>* #h?1 #ahja4 8,i _c ?9k ( quitt+ ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution1 )\t giv+ y intimation ( x 9 a lett]2 inde$1 ,i believe ,i %\ld h done ?is "s "t ago1 _h n ! hurry ( bus9ess1 & ! fev] ( emotion produc$ by ! prospect ( novel *anges 9 futurity1 de/roy$ to a c]ta9 ext5t my p[]s ( consi/5t action4 8,y1 my de> ,sir1 h behav$ to me ) great k9dness1 & ! little ability ,i possess y h v mu* contribut$ to develope2 ,i %\ld !re=e accuse myself ( +ratitude 7 ,i to neglect to ask y\r approbation ( ! measures ,i h adopt$ ) reg>d to ! *ange ( my situation1 & ! enl>gem5t ( my views 9 life4 8,9 consequ5ce ( an invitation f ,c\nt ,rum=d1 giv5 to me ) "s proposals relative to ! ,royal ,in/itution1 ,i visit$ ,london 9 ! middle ( ,febru>y1 :]e1 aft] sev]al conf]5ces ) t g5tleman1 ,i 0 invit$ by ! ,manag]s ( ! ,royal ,in/itution to become ! ,director ( _! laboratory1 & _! ,assi/ant ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry2 at ! same "t ,i 0 assur$ t1 )9 ! space ( two or ?ree seasons1 ,i %\ld be made sole ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry1 /ill cont9u+ ,director ( ! laboratory4 8,! imm$iate emolum5t (f]$ 0 suffici5t = my wants2 & ! sole & uncontroll$ use ( ! app>atus ( ! ,in/itution1 = private exp]im5ts1 0 to be grant$ me4 ,! behavi\r ( ,c\nt ,rum=d1 ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 ,mr4 ,cav5di%1 & ! o!r pr9cipal manag]s1 0 lib]al & polite2 & !y promis$ me any app>atus t ,i might ne$ = new exp]im5ts4 8,! "t requir$ to be devot$ to ! s]vices ( ! ,in/itution 0 b %ort1 be+ limit$ *iefly to ! w9t] & spr+4 ,! emolum5ts to be atta*$ to ! (fice ( sole ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry are great2 &1 above all1 ! situation is p]man5t1 & held v hon\rable4 8,^! motives1 jo9$ to ! approbation ( ,dr4 ,b$does1 :o ) great lib]ality has absolv$ me f my engagem5ts at ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution1 & ! /rong wi%es ( mo/ ( my fri5ds 9 ,london & ,bri/ol1 det]m9$ my conduct4 8,?us ,i am quickly to be transf]r$ to ,london1 :il/ my sph]e ( action is consid]ably enl>g$1 & z mu* p[] z ,i c\ld reasonably expect1 or ev5 wi% = at my "t ( life1 secur$ to me )\t ! obligation ( lab\r+ at a pr(ession4 8,! ,royal ,in/itution w1 ,i hope1 be ( "s utility to ,society4 ,x has und\bt$ly ! capability ( becom+ a great in/rum5t ( moral & intellectual improvem5t4 ,its funds are v great4 ,x has atta*$ to x ! feel+s ( a great numb] ( p ( fa%ion & prop]ty1 & consequ5tly may be ! means ( employ+1 to useful purposes1 money :i* w\ld o!rwise be squ&]$ 9 luxury1 & 9 ! production ( unnecess>y lab\r4 ,c\nt ,rum=d pr(esses t x w be kept di/9ct f p>ty politics2 ,i s9c]ely wi% t su* may be ! case1 ?\gh ,i fe> x4 ,z = myself1 ,i %all become atta*$ to x full ( hope1 ) ! resolution ( employ+ all my feeble p[]s t[>ds promot+ its true int]e/s4 8,s mu* ( my pap] has be5 giv5 to pure egotism1 t ,i h b little room left to say any?+ conc]n+ ! /ate ( sci5ce4444 8,"h1 at ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution1 ! nitr\s oxide has evid5tly be5 ( use4 ,dr4 ,b$does is proce$+ 9 ! execution ( 8 great popul> physiological "w1 :i*1 if x equals ! plan he holds out1 ought to sup]s$e e "w ( ! k9d4 8,i h be5 pursu+ ,galvanism ) lab\r1 & "s success4 ,i h be5 able to produce galvanic p[] f simple plates1 by effect+ on !m diff]5t oxidat+ & de-oxidat+ processes2 b on ?is po9t ,i _c enl>ge 9 ! small rema9+ space ( pap]4444 8,x w give me s9c]e pleasure to he> f y1 :5 y are at leisure4 ,aft] ! #aa? ,i %all be 9 t[n--my direction1 ,royal ,in/itution1 ,albem>le ,/reet4 ,i am1 my de> fri5d1 ) respect & affection1 8,y\rs1 8,,humphry ,,davy40 ,) ,davy's dep>ture we1 too1 may take our leave ( ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution4 ,l mo/ ( ,dr4 ,b$does's p]=mances1 x--to use ,davy's words--fail$ to equal ! plan its projector held out4 ,x /ruggl$ on = a:ile1 liv+ on su* success z ,davy _h br\ght x1 & ultimately di$ ( inanition4 ,its f\nd] end$ 8 days a disappo9t$ man1 & on 8 dea?b$ wrote to 8 =m] assi/ant1 9 connection ) :om 8 memory ma9ly lives1 8l "o :o has scatt]$ abroad ! ,av5a fatua ( k1 f :i* nei!r bran*1 nor blossom1 nor fruit1 has result$1 ,i require ! consolations ( a fri5d40 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,royal ,,in/itution4 ,! ,royal ,in/itution1 z orig9ally conceiv$1 0 an e/abli%m5t = ! b5efit ( ! poor4 ,x 0 f\nd$ at ! close ( ! la/ c5tury by ,b5jam9 ,?omson1 a ,royali/ ,am]ican 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,elector ,palat9e ( ,bav>ia1 by :om he 0 creat$ a ,c\nt ( ! ,holy ,roman ,empire4 ,c\nt ,rum=d1 z he is commonly call$1 0 a practical philan?ropi/ & a man ( sci5ce1 be/ kn[n to ?is age by 8 association ) ! pres5t-day doctr9e ( ! nature ( heat2 & to 8 contempor>ies1 by 8 con/ant ef=ts to apply sci5ce to dome/ic economy4 ,9 #agif ,rum=d put =? a 8proposal = =m+ 9 ,london by private subscription an e/abli%m5t = fe$+ ! poor1 & giv+ !m useful employm5t1 & also = furni%+ food at a *eap rate to o!rs :o may /& 9 ne$ ( su* assi/ance1 connect$ ) an in/itution = introduc+ & br++ =w>d into g5]al use new inv5tions & improvem5ts1 p>ticul>ly su* z relate to ! managem5t ( heat & ! sav+ ( fuel1 & to v>i\s o!r me*anical contrivances by :i* dome/ic com=t & economy may be promot$40 ,rum=d1 z he says 9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,?omas ,b]n>d--ano!r practical philan?ropi/1 & "o ( 8 e>lie/ associates 9 ! und]tak+ "h ref]r$ to--0 8deeply impress$ ) ! necessity ( r5d]+ x fa%ionable to c>e = ! poor & indig5t40 ,! imm$iate result 0 ! f\ndation ( ! ,society = ,bett]+ ! ,condition ( ! ,poor2 b z reg>ds ! associat$ ,in/itution1 x 0 ev5tually consid]$ t x w\ld be 8too conspicu\s1 & too int]e/+ & important1 to be made an app5dix to any o!r exi/+ e/abli%m5t1 & consequ5tly x mu/ /& alone1 & on its own prop] basis40 ,9 #agii1 ,rum=d conf]r$ ) ! ,committee ( ! ,society = ,bett]+ ! ,condition ( ! ,poor z to ! /eps to be tak5 to f\nd1 8by private subscription1 a public in/itution = diffus+ ! k & facilitat+ ! g5]al & spe$y introduction ( new & useful me*anical inv5tions & improvem5ts2 & also = tea*+1 by regul> c\rses ( philosophical lectures & exp]im5ts1 ! applications ( ! new discov]ies 9 sci5ce to ! improvem5t ( arts & manufactures1 & 9 facilitat+ ! means ( procur+ ! com=ts & conv5i5ces ( life40 ,! ,in/itution 0 duly laun*$ 9 ,m>*1 #agii1 ) ,sir ,joseph ,banks z ,*airman ( ,manag]s1 ,c\nt ,rum=d z ,secret>y1 & ,mr4 ,?omas ,b]n>d1 ! promot] ( ! ,in/itution = ! ,protection & ,in/ruction ( ,climb+ ,boys1 & ( ! ,society = ! ,relief ( ,poor ,neighb\rs 9 ,di/ress1 z ,treasur]4 ,! second volume ( ! 8,reports ( ! ,society = ,bett]+ ! ,condition ( ! ,poor0 conta9s a long acc\nt ( ! ,in/itution1 8s f> z x may be expect$ to affect ! poor10 f ! p5 ( ,mr4 ,b]n>d1 conc]n+ :i* ,dr4 ,b5ce ,jones1 a =m] ,secret>y ( ! ,in/itution1 drily rem>ks1 8,x is difficult to believe t ! ,royal ,in/itution ( ! pres5t day 0 ev] int5d$ to resemble ! picture giv5 ( x 9 ?is ,report40 ,rum=d1 f ! outset1 ?rew himself ) great zeal & ard\r into ! "w ( organis+ & />t+ ! ,in/itution1 & x 0 ma9ly by 8 en]gy & adm9i/rative ability t s spe$y a beg9n+ 0 made4 ,mr4 ,melli%'s h\se 9 ,albem>le ,/reet 0 b\ght1 & its ap>tm5ts 7 quickly trans=m$ into lecture rooms1 model rooms1 libr>y1 (fices1 etc4 ,9 ,may 8a good cook 0 engag$ = ! improvem5t ( cul9>y advancem5t--"o object1 & n ! lea/ important--= ! ,royal ,in/itution40 ,rum=d 0 reque/$ by ! ,manag]s to live 9 ! h\se1 to sup]9t5d ! s]vants1 to pres]ve ord] & decorum1 & to control ! exp5ses ( h\sekeep+4 ,t[>ds ! end ( #agii ,dr4 ,g>nett 0 secur$ z ,lectur] & ,sci5tific ,secret>y4 ,?omas ,g>nett1 a physician1 :o at "o "t practis$ at ,h>rogate1 & :o is kn[n to *emi/s = 8 rese>*es into ! composition ( ! ,h>rogate m9]al wat]s1 0 at ! "t ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry & ,exp]im5tal ,philosophy at ,&]son's ,in/itution 9 ,glasg[4 ,he _h a consid]able reputation z a lectur]1 on ! /r5g? ( :i* he 0 invit$ by ,rum=d to come to ,london4 ,g>nett's lectures began 9 ,m>*1 #ahjj1 9 :at is n[ ! upp] ,libr>y ( ! ,in/itution1 & :i* _h be5 fitt$ up to accommodate ! greate/ possible numb] ( auditors 8) a great] def]5ce to _! curiosity ?an to _! conv5i5ce40 ,al?\gh n altoge!r unsuccessful at ! ,in/itution1 ,g>nett--9 spite ( 8! ,nor!rn acc5t :i* he /ill reta9$ 9 a slight degree1 & :i* r5d]$ 8 voice some:at inh>moni\s to a ,london audi5ce0--0 h>dly ! type ( man requir$ = su* a place1 & diff]5ces soon arose betwe5 him & ,rum=d4 ,to add to 8 difficulties he _h1 j prior to 8 removal f ,glasg[1 lo/ 8 wife1 & ! ev5t seems to h :olly unn]v$ him4 ,he grew li/less & melan*oly2 & ev5tually1 9 #ahja1 he 0 call$ ^u to resign4 ,aft] leav+ ! ,in/itution1 he /ruggl$ on = a "t1 giv+ c\rses ( sci5tific lectures 9 8 own h\se1 & at ,tom's ,c(fee-,h\se 9 ! ,city1 & seek+ = practice z a physician4 ,sick 9 m9d & weak 9 body1 he soon broke d[n1 & di$ 9 #ahjb1 at ! age ( ?irty-six1 leav+ 8 *ildr5 p5niless4 ,! ,manag]s s f> bett]$ ! condition ( ! poor z to subscribe1 on behalf ( ! ,in/itution1 #ej t[>ds ! publication ( 8 po/hum\s "w on ! 8,laws ( ,animal ,life10 & to all[ ! book to be d$icat$ to !m4 ,! accompany+ illu/ration 7p4 #gj71 f a draw+ by ,gillray1 entitl$ 8,pneumatic ,exp]im5ts at ! ,royal ,in/itution10 %[s ! !atre dur+ a lecture by ,g>nett1 ) ,davy act+ z assi/ant4 ,sir ,john ,hippesley is repres5t$ z brea?+ ! 8pleasure-giv+ air40 ,! /&+ figure ne> ! door is ,rum=d1 & among ! audi5ce are ,isaac ,disraeli1 ,"l ,/anhope1 ,e>l ,pomfret1 & ,sir ,h4 ,englefield4 ,acc\nts diff] z to ! precise means by :i* ,davy 0 br\ght to ! notice ( ,c\nt ,rum=d1 nor is x v important to "k :e!r x 0 ?r\gh ! int]v5tion ( ,davies ,gilb]t1 or ,dr4 ,hope1 or ,mr4 ,und]wood1 or1 z 0 mo/ probably ! case1 ( all ?ree4 ,9 a lett] to ,hope n[ be=e me ,davy writes3-- 8,i believe x is 9 a great measure ow+ to y\r k9d m5tion ( me to ,c\nt ,rum=d1 t ,i occupy my pres5t situation 9 ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,i ought to be v ?ankful to y2 = mo/ ( my wi%es ?r\gh life are accompli%$1 z ,i am enabl$ to pursue my fav\rite /udy1 & at ! same "t to be ( "s little utility to ,society40 ,illu/ration3 ,,pneumatic ,,exp]im5t ,,at ,,! ,,royal ,,in/itution4 7,aft] ,gillray47 ,?is mu*1 at lea/1 is c]ta93 !re 0 an absolute agreem5t among ^? :o _h ! be/ means ( judg+ t no bett] appo9tm5t 0 possible4 ,& yet1 if we are to cr$it ,dr4 ,p>is1 ! fir/ impression produc$ on ,rum=d by ,davy's p]sonal appe>ance 0 highly unfav\rable1 & ! ,c\nt w\ld n all[ him to lecture 9 ! !atre until he _h giv5 a specim5 ( 8 abilities 9 ! small] lecture-room1 :i* old habitus ( ! ,royal ,in/itution well rememb]4 ,dr4 ,p>is adds t 8 fir/ lecture entirely remov$ e prejudice1 & at its conclusion ,rum=d exclaim$1 8,let him comm& any arrangem5ts :i* ! ,in/itution c af=d40 ,& he 0 accord+ly on ! next day promot$ to ! !atre4 ,six weeks aft] 8 arrival1 he gave 8 fir/ public lecture4 ,h[ he acquitt$ himself1 may be glean$ f ! foll[+ acc\nt1 giv5 "u ! head+ ( ! 8,royal ,in/itution ( ,great ,brita90 9 ! ,philosophical ,magaz9e1 vol4 x41 p4 #bha 7#ahja73-- 8,x mu/ give pleasure to our read]s to le>n t ?is new & useful in/itution1 ! object ( :i* is ! application ( sci5ce to ! common purposes ( life1 may be n[ consid]$ z settl$ on a firm basis4444 8,we h also to notice a c\rse ( lectures1 j comm5c$ at ! in/itution1 on a new bran* ( philosophy--we mean ! ,galvanic ,ph5om5a4 ,on ?is int]e/+ bran* ,mr4 ,davy 7late ( ,bri/ol7 gave ! fir/ lecture on ! #be? ( ,april4 ,he began ) ! hi/ory ( ,galvanism1 detail$ ! successive discov]ies1 & describ$ ! diff]5t me?ods ( accumulat+ galvanic influ5ce4444 ,he %[$ ! effects ( galvanism on ! legs ( frogs1 & exhibit$ "s int]e/+ exp]im5ts on ! galvanic effects on ! solutions ( metals 9 acids4444 8,sir ,joseph ,banks1 ,c\nt ,rum=d1 & o!r di/+ui%$ philosoph]s 7 pres5t4 ,! audi5ce 7 highly gratifi$1 & te/ifi$ _! satisfaction by g5]al applause4 ,mr4 ,davy1 :o appe>s to be v "y1 acquitt$ himself admirably well2 f ! sp>kl+ intellig5ce ( 8 eye1 8 animat$ mann]1 & ! t\t ensemble1 we h no d\bt ( 8 atta9+ a di/+ui%$ em95ce40 ,! ,manag]s 7 s f> satisfi$1 t at a meet+ held on ,june #a/ !y pass$ ! foll[+ resolutions3-- 8,resolv$--,t ,mr4 ,humphry ,davy1 ,director ( ! ,*emical ,laboratory1 & ,assi/ant ,lectur] 9 ,*emi/ry1 has1 s9ce he has be5 employ$ at ! ,in/itution1 giv5 satisfactory pro(s ( 8 tal5ts z a ,lectur]40 8,resolv$--,t he be appo9t$1 & 9 future d5om9at$1 ,lectur] 9 ,*emi/ry at ! ,royal ,in/itution1 in/ead ( cont9u+ to occupy ! place ( ,assi/ant ,lectur]1 :i* he has hi!rto fill$40 ,9 ! foll[+ ,july1 ,dr4 ,"y 78,ph5om5on ,"y10 z he 0 call$ at ,cambridge71 ! great expon5t ( ! ,undulatory ,!ory ( ,light1 0 engag$ z ,pr(essor ( ,natural ,philosophy1 ,editor ( ! ,j\rnals1 & ,g5]al ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,h\se4,d ,d ,"y's connection ) ! ,royal ,in/itution 0 comp>atively brief4 ,on ,july #d?1 #ahjc1 x 0 resolv$ 8,t ,dr4 ,"y be paid ! balance ( two ye>s' complete sal>y1 & t 8 engagem5t ) ! ,in/itution t]m9ate f ?is "t40 ,at a meet+ held 9 ! same mon?1 ! ,manag]s 8,resolv$--,t a ,c\rse ( ,lectures on ! ,*emical ,pr9ciples ( ! ,art ( ,tann+ be giv5 by ,mr4 ,davy4 ,to comm5ce ! second ( ,novemb] next2 & t respectable p]sons ( ! trade1 :o %all be recomm5d$ by ,proprietors ( ! ,in/itution1 be admitt$ to ^! lectures gratis40 ,to ord] a "y man ( tw5ty-two1 :o _h probably nev] se5 ! inside ( tann]y1 to give an acc\nt ( ! art & my/]y ( lea!r-mak+1 w\ld seem to sav\r some:at ( :at ,col]idge w\ld /yle 8ultra-crepidation10 & accord+ly ! ,manag]s fur!r 8,resolv$--,t ,mr4 ,davy h p]mission to abs5t himself--dur+ ! mon?s ( ,july1 ,augu/1 & ,septemb] = ! purpose ( mak+ himself m p>ticul>ly acqua9t$ ) ! practical "p ( ! bus9ess ( tann+1 9 ord] to prep>e himself = giv+ ! above-m5tion$ c\rse ( lectures40 ,lectures on 8,! ,*emical ,pr9ciples ( ! ,process ( ,tann+ ,lea!r1 & ( ! objects t mu/ p>ticul>ly be _h 9 view 9 attempts to improve t mo/ useful art0 are m5tion$ 9 ,rum=d's fir/ prospectus1 & ! =ego+ resolutions 7 probably pass$ 9 consequ5ce4 ,davy did a consid]able am\nt ( exp]im5tal "w 9 connection ) ^! lectures1 & ! ,j\rnal ( ! ,royal ,in/itution conta9s sev]al %ort communications f him on ! *emi/ry ( ! subject1 b ! ma9 facts he discov]$ are conta9$ 9 a memoir read to ! ,royal ,society on ,febru>y #bd?1 #ahjc1 & publi%$ 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions ( t ye>1 "u ! title ( an 8,acc\nt ( ,"s ,exp]im5ts & ,obs]vations on ! con/itu5t ,p>ts ( c]ta9 a/r+5t ,vegetables2 & on _! ,op]ation 9 ,tann+40 ,al?\gh ,davy1 by 8 e>ne/ness1 8 k1 8 felicity ( expression1 & by a c]ta9 dignity ( treatm5t :i* seem$ to inve/ ev5 ! homelie/ subjects ) unlook$-= importance1 c\ld int]e/ an audi5ce on almo/ any subject he br\ght be=e !m1 we may be sure t 8 s\l soon sigh$ = a l(ti] !me ?an lea!r4 ,he f\nd x on ! occasion ( 8 lecture ( ,janu>y #ba/1 #ahjb1 :5 he deliv]$ ! introductory disc\rse ( t session4 ,! date1 inde$1 is a r$-lett] day n only 9 ,davy's hi/ory b also 9 t ( ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,f t "t ! position ( ! ,in/itution 9 ! sci5tific & social _w ( ,london w\ld seem to be assur$4 ,its affairs up to ?is "t _h be5 gradually go+ f bad to worse4 ,! en?usiasm ) :i* x 0 />t$ a c\ple ( ye>s back _h app>5tly sp5t itself1 & ,rum=d1 by 8 hauteur & high-h&$ managem5t1 _h ali5at$ _m p[]ful fri5ds4 ,! subscriptions1 :i* 9 #ahjj _h rea*$ #aa1jdg1 _h fall5 9 #ahjb to #b1iii1 :il/ ! exp5ses 7 annually increas+4 ,! outlook 0 gloomy 9 ! extreme1 & ev]y?+ seem$ to port5d t ! late/ s*eme = ! amelioration ( humanity 0 ab\t to %>e ! too common fate ( su* projects4 ,! "y man ( tw5ty-?ree1 h[ev]1 *ang$ all ?is z if by ! /roke ( a magician's w&4 ,no ,pr9ce ,=tunatus c\ld h done m4 ,8 !me 0 n too ambiti\s2 x w\ld be consid]$ ev5 trite & commonplace to-day1 & ! man w\ld be v bold or v simple :o w\ld n[ attempt to deal ) x 9 ! !atre ( ! ,royal ,in/itution2 = ?is introductory lecture 0 no?+ m ?an an exordium on ! wor? ( sci5ce z an ag5t 9 ! improvem5t ( society4 ,x 01 & 0 felt to be1 h[ev]1 an apologia = ! v exi/5ce ( ! ,in/itution4 ,rum=d & 8 fell[ manag]s w\ld seem to h /ak$ ev]y?+ on a s+le ?r[4 ,davy's p[] z a lectur] _h be5 nois$ abroad1 & we may be sure t ,col]idge & 8 o!r fri5ds did n keep _! tongues /ill4 ,col]idge1 inde$1 told ! lit]>y _w t he assidu\sly att5d$ ,davy's lectures1 to increase 8 /ock ( metaphors4 ,! y\? :o _h discov]$ 8! pleasure-produc+ air0 0 talk$ ab\t 9 fa%ionable circles2 & ,mr4 ,b]n>d & ! ,c\nt us$ _! p]suasiv5ess1 & ,sir ,joseph ,banks 8 social p[]1 to secure = him ! mo/ cultur$ audi5ce 9 ,london4 ,if we may cr$it ,dr4 ,p>is1 o!r influ5ces1 too1 7 at "w4 ,davy's association ) ,b$does _h probably ga9$ = him ! goodwill ( ! ,tepid>ians1 ev5 if x did n actually give him ! entre to ! ,society2 & ^! ,r$ ,republicans1 ^: 8pi\s orgies0 at ,old ,slaught]'s ,c(fee-,h\se 9 ,/4 ,m>t9's ,lane consi/$ ma9ly 9 libations ( tea1 vi$ ) ! ,royali/s 9 _! ef=ts to pave 8 triumphal way4 ,8 success 0 in/ant & complete4 ,9 a s]ies ( l(ty & impassion$ p]iods he trac$ ! s]vices ( sci5ce to humanity2 he dwelt ^u its dignity & nobility z a pursuit1 ^u its value z a moral & educational =ce4 ,! small1 sp>e y\?1 ) 8 e>ne/ness1 8 eloqu5ce1 8 unaffect$ mann]1 ! play ( 8 mobile features1 8 speak+ eyes--8eyes :i*10 z "o ( 8 fair auditors 0 he>d to rem>k1 87 made = some?+ besides por+ ov] crucibles0--held 8 he>]s spellb\nd z he declaim$ su* s5t5ces z ^!3-- 8,individuals influ5c$ by int]e/$ motives or false views may *eck = a "t ! progress ( k2--moral causes may produce a mom5t>y slumb] ( ! public _s2--! adoption ( wild & dang]\s !ories1 by ambiti\s or delud$ m51 may ?r[ a tempor>y opprobrium on lit]ature2 b ! influ5ce ( true philosophy w nev] be despis$2 ! g]ms ( improvem5t are s[n 9 m9ds1 ev5 :]e !y are n p]ceiv$2 & soon] or lat] ! spr+time ( _! gr[? mu/ arrive4 ,9 reason+ conc]n+ ! future hopes ( ! human species1 we may look =w>d ) confid5ce to a /ate ( society1 9 :i* ! diff]5t ord]s & classes ( m5 w contribute m effectually to ! support ( ea* o!r ?an !y h hi!rto done4 ,?is /ate1 inde$1 seems to be approa*+ fa/2 =1 9 consequ5ce ( ! multiplication ( ! means ( in/ruction ! man ( sci5ce & ! manufactur] are daily becom+ m assimilat$ to ea* o!r4 ,! arti/1 :o =m]ly affect$ to despise sci5tific pr9ciples1 because he 0 incapable ( p]ceiv+ ! advantages ( !m1 is n[ s f> enlight5$ z to fav\r ! adoption ( new processes 9 8 art1 :5ev] !y are evid5tly connect$ ) ! dim9ution ( lab\r2 & ! increase ( projectors1 ev5 to too great an ext5t1 demon/rates ! en?usiasm ( ! public m9d 9 its se>* aft] improvem5t4444 8,! unequal division ( prop]ty & ( lab\r1 ! diff]5ces ( rank & condition among/ mank9d1 are ! s\rces ( p[] 9 civilis$ life--its mov+ causes1 & ev5 its v s\l4 ,9 consid]+ & hop+ t ! human species is capable ( becom+ m enlight5$ & m happy1 we c only expect t ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! great :ole ( society %\ld be intimately unit$ toge!r1 by means ( k & ! useful arts2 t !y %\ld act z ! *ildr5 ( "o great p>5t1 ) "o det]m9ate end1 s t no p[] may be r5d]$ useless--no ex]tions ?r[n away4 8,9 ?is view1 we d n look to di/ant ages1 or amuse ourselves ) brilliant ?\gh delusive dreams1 conc]n+ ! inf9ite improveability ( man1 ! annihilation ( lab\r1 disease1 & ev5 dea?1 b we reason by analogy f simple facts1 we consid] only a /ate ( human progression aris+ out ( its pres5t condition1--we look = a "t t we may reasonably expect--,,= ,a ,,bright ,,day1 ,,( ,,:i* ,,we ,,already ,,behold ,,! ,,dawn40 ,^? :o may read ^! s5t5ces w ei!r smile at _! seem+ ar*aism1 or wond] at ! antiquity ( _! argum5t2 = ! lesson :i* ,davy inculcat$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury is /ill at its close d9n$ into our e>s1 & practically all ! /ock reasons urg$ by latt]-day writ]s & plat=m speak]s on te*nical education & ! ab/ract value ( sci5ce are to be f\nd 9 8 lectures4 ,b ! circum/ances ( #ahjb 7 widely diff]5t f ^? ( #ahif4 ,! bir? ( ! c5tury 0 a s+ul>ly auspici\s "t = sci5ce2 & _m cultur$ m5 :o knew no?+ ( sci5ce1 yet felt 9 a dim sort ( way t x 0 de/9$ to be a mighty factor 9 civilisation4 ,davy's words /ruck a sympa!tic *ord2 !y s]v$ to =mulate & def9e ideas ( :i* all :o liv$ 9 ! _s ( ! times & %>$ 9 its movem5t mu/ h be5 consci\s4 ,speak+ to will+ & receptive e>s1 & ) e attribute ( mann]1 spee*1 & int]e/ 9 8 fav\r1 he saw 8 *ance3 & ) a practical sagacity beyond 8 ye>s1 he seiz$ x4 ,davy's triumph is record$ 9 _m contempor>y notices1 & x lives z "o ( ! traditions ( ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,francis ,horn] ?us records 8 impressions 9 8 j\rnal1 "u date ,m>* #ca/1 #ahjb3-- 8,i h be5 once to ! ,royal ,in/itution & he>d ,davy lecture to a mix$ & l>ge assembly ( bo? sexes1 to ! numb] p]haps ( ?ree hundr$ or m4 ,x is a curi\s sc5e2 ! reflections x excites are ( an ambigu\s nature1 = ! prospect ( possible good is m+l$ ) ! obs]vation ( mu* actual folly4 ,! audi5ce is assembl$ by ! influ5ce ( fa%ion m]ely2 & fa%ion & *emi/ry =m a v incongru\s union4444 8,davy's /yle ( lectur+ is mu* 9 fav\r ( himself1 ?\gh n1 p]haps1 entirely suit$ to ! place2 x has r a little awkw>dness1 b x is t air :i* bespeaks real mode/y & good s5se2 he is only awkw>d because he _c condesc5d to assume t !atrical quack]y ( mann] :i* might h a m impos+ effect4 ,?is 0 my impression f 8 lecture4 ,i h s9ce 7,april #bnd7 met ,davy 9 company1 & 0 mu* pleas$ ) him2 a great s(tness & propriety ( mann]1 :i* might be cultivat$ into elegance2 8 physiognomy /ruck me z be+ sup]ior to :at ! sci5ce ( *emi/ry1 on its pres5t plan1 c af=d ex]cise =2 ,i fanci$ to discov] 9 x ! l9eam5ts ( poetical feel+40 78,memoirs ( ,horn]10 vol4 i41 p4 #ahb47 ,davy's fri5d ,purkis has left u ! foll[+ /ill m gl[+ acc\nt3-- 8,! s5sation creat$ by 8 fir/ second c\rse ( ,lectures at ! ,in/itution1 & ! en?usia/ic admiration :i* !y obta9$1 is at ?is p]iod sc>cely to be imag9$4 ,m5 ( ! fir/ rank & tal5t1--! lit]>y & ! sci5tific1 ! practical & ! !oretical1 blue /ock+s1 & wom5 ( fa%ion1 ! old & ! "y1 all cr[d$--eag]ly cr[d$ ! lecture-room4 ,8 y\?1 8 simplicity1 8 natural eloqu5ce1 8 *emical k1 8 happy illu/rations1 & well-conduct$ exp]im5ts1 excit$ univ]sal att5tion & unb\nd$ applause4 ,complim5ts1 invitations1 & pres5ts 7 %[]$ ^u him 9 abundance f all qu>t]s2 8 society 0 c\rt$ by all1 & all appe>$ pr\d ( 8 acqua9tance4444 ,a tal5t$ lady1 s9ce well-kn[n 9 ! lit]>y _w1 address$ him anonym\sly 9 a poem ( consid]able l5g?1 replete ) delicate panegyric & g5u9e feel+4444 ,x 0 accompani$ ) a h&some ornam5tal app5dage = ! wat*1 :i* he 0 reque/$ to we> :5 he deliv]$ 8 next lecture1 z a tok5 ( hav+ receiv$ ! poem & p>don$ ! fre$om ( ! writ]40 ,! anonym\s poem 8replete ) delicate panegyric & g5u9e feel+0 is be=e me z ,i write4 ,x is sign$ 8,fidelissima10 & is "o ( sev]al :i* ! same tal5t$ lady address$ to him at diff]5t times1 & :i* 7 f\nd among 8 pap]s at 8 dea?4 ,"s ( !m1 z sonnets1 are ( consid]able m]it1 &1 _h space p]mitt$1 are well wor?y ( reproduction4 ,! ,tepid>ians--aga9 on ! au?ority ( ,dr4 ,p>is--7 delight$4 ,sangu9e 9 ! success ( _! *ild--= s !y consid]$ ,davy--!y purposely appo9t$ _! anniv]s>y fe/ival on ! day ( 8 anticipat$ triumph4 ,_! d9n] 0 m>k$ by e demon/ration ( hil>ity1 & ! day 0 end$ by a masqu]ade at ,ranelagh4 ,dr4 ,john ,davy1 x %\ld be said1 r sniffs at ! ,tepid>ians & _! 8ultra-pr9ciples10 & d\bts if 8 bro!r ev] belong$ to _! society4 ,be ?is z x may1 x is c]ta9 t ! 8,royali/s0 & ! fa%ionable _w into :i* he 0 drawn soon influ5c$ ,davy's social & political views4 ,dr4 ,davy1 :il/ will+ en\gh to appreciate at _! prop] value 8 bro!r's natural & intellectual advantages z contribut+ to 8 success1 po9ts out t o!r circum/ances connect$ ) ! ,in/itution & ! p]iod conspir$ to help him3-- 8,! ,royal ,in/itution 0 a new exp]im5t4 ,novelty 9 itself is delightful1 especially to p ( rank & =tune1 :o at t "t 9 consequ5ce ( ! ,cont95t be+ clos$1 & ow+ to ! w>1 mu/ h be5 delight$ to h _h op5$ to !m a new & unexpect$ s\rce ( int]e/1 fitt$ to amuse ^? :o 7 suff]+ f ennui1 & to in/ruct ^? :o 7 anxi\s = in/ruction4 ,! ,royal ,in/itution1 moreov]1 0 ! creation ( a l>ge numb] ( influ5tial p]sons1 bo? 9 ! high] ranks ( society & ( sci5ce4 ,?is alone might h suffic$ to r5d] x fa%ionable1 &1 if fa%ionable1 popul>4 ,! p]iod1 morally & politically consid]$1 aid$ ! effect2 a "t ( great political excitem5t _h j t]m9at$2 a "t ( gloom & despond5cy 0 !n comm5c+4 ,:atev] div]t$ ! public m9d & af=d$ new objects ( contemplation1 pure & indep5d5t s\rces ( amusem5t & gratification1 mu/ h be5 v welcome to all reflect+ p]sons1 ev5 )\t tak+ into acc\nt ! possible & probable good :i* might be conf]r$ by ! ,in/itution on society1 9 accordance ) ! int5tions ) :i* x 0 fir/ e/abli%$40 ,davy ?us express$ 8 own feel+ ( satisfaction to 8 "m3-- 8,london4 8,,my ,,de> ,,"m1--,i h be5 v busy 9 ! prep>ation = my lectures2 & = ?is reason ,i h n writt5 to y4 ,i deliv]$ my second lecture to-day1 & 0 v mu* flatt]$ to f9d ! !atre ov]fl[+ at ?is1 z well z at ! fir/4 ,i am almo/ surpris$ at ! int]e/ tak5 by s _m p ( rank1 9 ! progress ( *emical philosophy2 & ,i hope ,i am do+ a great deal ( good1 9 be+ ! means ( produc+ & direct+ ! ta/e = x4 8,i h be5 p]fectly well s9ce ,i visit$ ,cornwall2 & ,i ent] ^u my campaign 9 high heal? & spirits4 ,aft] f\r mon?s ( h>d b pleasant lab\r1 ,i %all aga9 be free6 8,i hope y are all well4 ,i v (t5 reflect ^u ! times t are pa/2 & my m9d is always fill$ ) gratitude to ! ,supreme ,be+1 :o has made u all happy2 & t1 9 plac+ u 9 di/ant p>ts1 & 9 diff]5t circles1 nei!r our feel+s or affections h be5 di/urb$4444 8,i %all be v glad to see y aga94 ,i int5d 9 ,june to pass ?r\gh ,scotl& & to visit ! ,we/]n ,isles2 b ,i hope ,i %all sp5d a "p ( ! autumn ) y4 8,pray write to me & give me a little news4 ,beg ,kitty & ,grace & ,betsy & ,john to recollect me4 8,i am1 my de> "m1 y\r v affectionate son 8,h4 ,,davy40 ,! int]e/ & _s ( en?usiasm ?us r\s$ 0 s$ul\sly cultivat$ by ,davy1 & turn$ to ! purposes ( ! ,in/itution :i* he s]v$4 ,rum=d 0 no long] its mov+ & controll+ _s3 8 duty to ! ,elector ( ,bav>ia1 & 8 ill-/>r$ devotion to ,madame ,lavoisi]1 _h gradually drawn him away f ,london1 & 9 #ahjc he ceas$ to take any active "p 9 ! =tunes ( 8 (fspr+4 ,%ortly aft]w>ds ,sir ,joseph ,banks also )drew4 ,9 a lett] writt5 ,april1 #ahjd1 he tells ,rum=d t 8 cont9u$ abs5ce f ,engl& is a great detrim5t to ! ,in/itution3-- 8,x is n[ entirely 9 ! h&s ( ! pr(ane4 ,i h decl>$ my dissatisfaction at ! mode 9 :i* x is c>ri$ on1 & my resolution n to att5d 9 future4 ,_h my heal? & spirits n fail$ me1 ,i c\ld h kept matt]s 9 _! prop] level1 b sick1 alone1 & unsupport$1 ,i h giv5 up :at _c n[ easily be recov]$40 ,sir ,john ,hippesley1 :o became treasur]1 /rove to make ! ,in/itution above all ?+s fa%ionable4 ,he _h a project = plac+ private boxes 9 ! !atre1 & 0 conc]n$ ab\t its want ( a prop] coat-(-arms4 ,mr4 ,b]n>d /ill cont9u$ to hope t ,sydney ,smi?'s lectures on ,moral ,philosophy might someh[ bett] ! condition ( ! poor4 ,!y w\ld1 at lea/1 said ,horn]1 8make ! real blue-/ock+s a little m disagreeable ?an ev]1 & s5sible wom5 a little m s5sible40 ,b ! real direct+ p[] 0 ,davy1 & he gradually /amp$ ^u ! place ! "* x n[ possesses4 ,h[ he felt 8 p[] & us$ x1 may be glean$ f ! foll[+ extract f a lecture 9 #ahji1 9 ref]5ce to a fund :i* _h be5 rais$ to supply him ) a great voltaic batt]y3-- 8,9 a great c\ntry l ?is1 x 0 to be expect$ t a fund c\ld n long be want+ = pursu+ or p]fect+ any great sci5tific object4 ,b ! promptitude ) :i* ! subscription fill$ 0 s great1 z to leave no opportunity to _m zeal\s patrons ( sci5ce = %[+ _! lib]ality4 ,! munific5ce ( a few individuals has af=d$ means m ample & magnific5t ?an ^? furni%$ by ! ,gov]nm5t ( a rival nation2 & ,i believe we h prec$$ !m 9 ! application ( ! means4 ,9 ?is k9d ( emulation1 our sup]iority1 ,i tru/1 w nev] be lo/2 & ,i tru/ t ! activity belong+ to our sci5ces w always fl[ f ! volunt>y ef=ts ( individuals1 f :om ! support w be an hon\r--to :om x w be hon\rable4444 8,)\t facilities = pursu+ 8 object1 ! greate/ g5ius 9 exp]im5tal rese>* may live & die useless & unkn[n4 ,tal5ts ( ?is k9d _c1 l tal5ts = lit]ature & ! f9e arts1 call =? att5tion & respect4 ,!y c nei!r give popul>ity to ! names ( patrons1 nor ornam5t _! h\ses4 ,!y are limit$ 9 _! effects1 :i* are direct$ t[>ds ! immutable int]e/s ( society4 ,!y _c be made subs]vi5t to fa%ion or caprice2 !y mu/ =ev] be atta*$ to tru?1 & belong to nature4 ,if we m]ely consid] in/ruction 9 physical sci5ce1 ?is ev5 requires an exp5sive app>atus to be effici5t2 = )\t prop] ocul> demon/rations1 all lectures mu/ be unavail+1--?+s r ?an words %\ld be made ! objects ( /udy4 ,a c]ta9 k ( ! be+s & sub/ances surr\nd+ u mu/ be felt z a want by e cultivat$ m9d4 ,x is a want :i* no activity ( ?\ght1 no books1 no c\rse ( read+ or conv]sation1 c supply4 ,t a _s = promot+ exp]im5tal sci5ce is n want+ 9 ! c\ntry1 is prov$ by ! /atem5t :i* ,i h j made1 by ! f\ndation 9 :i* ,i h ! hon\r ( address+ y1 & by ! numb] ( in/itutions ris+ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! metropolis & 9 ! prov9ces4 ,b x is cle> t ?is laudable _s may produce little effect f want ( j direction4 ,to divide & to sep>ate ! s\rces ( sci5tific int]e/1 is to de/roy all _! j effect4 ,to attempt1 ) insuffici5t means1 to support philosophy1 is m]ely to humiliate h] & r5d] h] an object ( dirision4 ,^? :o e/abli% f\ndations = tea*+ ! sci5ces ought1 at lea/1 to und]/& _! dignity4 ,to connect pecuni>y speculation1 or comm]cial advantages1 ) s*emes = promot+ ! progress ( k1 is to take crops )\t employ+ manure2 is to create /]ility1 & to de/roy improvem5t4 ,a sci5tific in/itution ought no m to be made an object ( pr(it ?an an hospitable1 or a *>itable e/abli%m5t4 ,intellectual wants are at lea/ z wor?y ( support z corporeal wants1 & !y ought to be provid$ = ) ! same feel+ ( nobl5ess & lib]ality4 ,! language expect$ by ! memb]s ( a sci5tific body f ! directors ought n to be1 #8,we h increas$ y\r prop]ty1 we h rais$ ! value ( y\r %>es4' ,x ought r to be1 #8,we h endeav\r$ to apply y\r funds to useful purposes1 to promote ! diffusion ( sci5ce1 to enc\rage discov]y1 & to exalt ! sci5tific glory ( y\r c\ntry4' 8,:at ?is in/itution has done1 x w\ld ill become a p]son 9 my place to detail2 b t x has t5d$ to ! progress ( k & inv5tion1 w n1 ,i believe1 be que/ion$4 ,comp>e ! exp5diture ) ! advantages4 ,x w\ld n support ! lea/ ( y\r public amusem5ts2 & ! income ( an e/abli%m5t1 :i*1 9 its effects1 may be said to be national1 is d]iv$ f annual subscriptions sc>cely great] ?an ^? :i* a le>n$ pr(essor ( ,ed9burgh obta9s f a s+le class4444 8,! progression ( physical sci5ce is mu* m connect$ ) y\r prosp]ity ?an is usually imag9$4 ,y owe to exp]im5tal philosophy "s ( ! mo/ important & peculi> ( y\r advantages4 ,x is n by =eign conque/s *iefly t y are become great1 b by a conque/ ( nature 9 y\r own c\ntry4 ,x is n s mu* by colonization t y h atta9$ y\r preem95ce or weal?1 b by ! cultivation ( ! ri*es ( y\r own soil4 ,:y1 at ?is mom5t1 are y able to supply ! _w ) a ?\s& articles ( iron & /eel necess>y = ! purposes ( life8 ,x is by arts d]iv$ f *emi/ry & me*anics1 & f\nd$ purely ^u exp]im5ts4 ,:y is ! /eam eng9e n[ c>ry+ on op]ations :i* =m]ly employ$1 9 pa9ful & humiliat+ lab\r1 ?\s&s ( our robu/ peasantry1 :o are n[ m nobly or m usefully s]v+ _! c\ntry ei!r ) ! sword or ) ! pl\gh8 ,x 0 9 consequ5ce ( exp]im5ts ^u ! nature ( heat & pure physical inve/igations4 8,9 e "p ( ! _w manufactures made f ! m]e clay & pebbles ( y\r soil may be f\nd2 & to :at is ?is ow+8 ,to *emical arts & exp]im5ts4 ,y h excell$ all o!r p 9 ! products ( indu/ry4 ,b :y8 ,because y h assi/$ indu/ry by sci5ce4 ,d n reg>d z indiff]5t :at is y\r true & greate/ glory4 ,except 9 ^! respects1 & 9 ! light ( a pure sy/em ( fai?1 9 :at are y sup]ior to ,a!ns or to ,rome8 ,d y c>ry away f !m ! palm 9 lit]ature & ! f9e arts8 ,d y n r glory1 & ju/ly too1 9 be+1 9 ^! respects1 _! imitators8 ,is x n demon/rat$ by ! nature ( y\r sy/em ( public education1 & by y\r popul> amusem5ts8 ,9 :at1 !n1 are y _! sup]iors8 ,9 e ?+ connect$ ) physical sci5ce2 ) ! exp]im5tal arts4 ,^! are y\r *>act]i/ics4 ,d n neglect !m4 ,y h a ,newton1 :o is ! glory1 n only ( y\r own c\ntry1 b ( ! human race4 ,y h a ,bacon1 ^: precepts may /ill be att5d$ to ) advantage4 ,%all ,engli%m5 slumb] 9 t pa? :i* ^! great m5 h op5$1 & be ov]tak5 by _! neighb\rs8 ,say1 r1 t all assi/ance %all be giv5 to _! ef=ts2 t !y %all be att5d$ to1 enc\rag$1 & support$40 ,on a subsequ5t occasion1 :5 ! subjugation ( ,europe 0 ?reat5$ by ! re/less milit>y _s ( ,france1 he ?us dilat$ ^u ! influ5ce ( exp]im5tal philosophy 9 /r5g!n+ ! desire = rational fre$om3-- 8,! sci5tific glory ( a c\ntry may be consid]$1 9 "s measure1 z an indication ( its innate /r5g?4 ,! exaltation ( reason mu/ necess>ily be connect$ ) ! exaltation ( ! o!r noble faculties ( ! m9d2 & !re is "o _s ( ent]prise1 vig\r1 & conque/1 9 sci5ce1 arts1 & arms4 8,sci5ce = its progression requires patronage1--b x mu/ be a patronage be/[$1 a patronage receiv$1 ) dignity4 ,x mu/ be pres]v$ indep5d5t4 ,x c be> no fett]s1 n ev5 fett]s ( gold1 & lea/ ( all ^? fett]s 9 :i* ignorance or selfi%ness may attempt to %ackle x4 8,& !re is no c\ntry :i* ought s mu* to glory 9 its progress1 :i* is s mu* int]e/$ 9 its success1 z ?is happy isl&4 ,sci5ce has be5 a prime cause ( creat+ = u ! inexhau/ible weal? ( manufactures1 & x is by sci5ce t x mu/ be pres]v$ & ext5d$4 ,we are int]e/$ z a comm]cial p1--we are int]e/$ z a free p4 ,! age ( glory ( a nation is likewise ! age ( its security4 ,! same dignifi$ feel+1 :i* urges m5 to endeav\r to ga9 a dom9ion ov] nature1 w pres]ve !m f ! humiliation ( slav]y4 ,natural1 & moral1 & religi\s k1 are ( "o family2 & happy is t c\ntry1 & great its /r5g?1 :]e !y dwell toge!r 9 union40 ,x 01 ( c\rse1 to be expect$ t amid/ ! g5]al *orus ( approval "s discordant notes %\ld be he>d4 ,p :o pref]r$ ! sev]e & =mal mann] ( 8 colleague1 ,dr4 ,"y1 :o1 9 spite ( 8 pr(\nd k1 c\ld nev] keep an audi5ce toge!r1 said t ,davy's /yle 0 too florid & imag9ative2 t 8 imag]y 0 inappropriate1 & 8 conceits viol5t2 t he 0 affect$ & sway$ by a mawki% s5sibility4 ,dr4 ,p>is w\ld h u believe !re 0 "s %[ ( ju/ice 9 ?is accusation1 b he ?9ks t 8! /yle :i* _c be tol]at$ 9 a philosophical essay may "u peculi> circum/ances be n only admissible b ev5 exp$i5t 9 a popul> lecture40 ,! 8peculi> circum/ance0 9 ,davy's case 01 9 ,dr4 ,p>is's op9ion1 ! ,royal ,in/itution audi5ce4 8,let u consid] = a mom5t10 he says1 8! class ( p]sons to :om ,davy address$ himself4 ,7 !y /ud5ts prep>$ to toil ) sy/ematic precision1 9 ord] to obta9 k z a matt] ( necessity8--,no--!y 7 compos$ ( ! gay & ! idle1 :o c\ld only be tempt$ to admit in/ruction by ! prospect ( receiv+ pleasure1--!y 7 *ildr51 :o c\ld only be induc$ to swall[ ! salut>y draught by ! honey ar\nd ! rim ( ! cup40 ,t ,davy himself 0 n :olly unconsci\s ( ?is fact may be ga!r$ f a lett] :i* he wrote to ,mr4 ,davies ,gilb]t at ab\t ?is "t4 ,he says3-- 8,my lab\rs 9 ! ,!atre ( ! ,royal ,in/itution h be5 m successful ?an ,i c\ld h hop$ f ! nature ( !m4 ,9 lectures1 ! effect produc$ ^u ! m9d is g5]ally transitory2 = ! mo/ "p1 !y amuse r ?an in/ruct1 & /imulate to enquiry r ?an give in=mation4 ,my audi5ce has (t5 am\nt$ to f\r & five hundr$1 & upw>ds2 & among/ !m "s promise to become p]man5tly atta*$ to *emi/ry4 ,?is sci5ce is mu* ! fa%ion ( ! day40 ,:atev] may be urg$ aga9/ ,davy's /yle ( lectur+1 8 purely sci5tific memoirs are unque/ionably models ( _! k9d4 ,8 language is s simple1 & 8 mode ( expression s uni=mly cle>1 & s free f te*nicality1 t ev5 an ord9>y read] c foll[ !m ) delight4 ,9 ?is respect he 0 consi/5tly fai?ful to ! direction he gives 9 8 8,la/ ,days03-- 8,9 detail+ ! results ( exp]im5ts1 & 9 giv+ !m to ! _w1 ! *emical philosoph] %\ld adopt ! simple/ /yle & mann]2 he w avoid all ornam5ts1 z some?+ injuri\s to 8 subject1 & %\ld be> 9 m9d ! say+ ( ! fir/ ,k+ ( ,great ,brita91 respect+ a s]mon :i* 0 excell5t 9 doctr9e1 b ov]*>g$ ) poetical allusions & figurative language1--#8t ! tropes & metaphors ( ! speak] 7 l ! brilliant wild fl[]s 9 a field ( corn1 v pretty1 b :i* did v mu* hurt ! corn4'0 ,dr4 ,p>is's rem>ks conc]n+ ,davy's p]sonal mann] & 8 /yle ( lectur+ 7 w>mly controv]t$ at ! "t ( _! publication by sev]al ( ,davy's fri5ds4 ,dr4 ,john ,davy's acc\nt is s cle> & explicit1 & s obvi\sly bas$ ^u p]sonal obs]vation1 = :i* he _h ample opportunities1 t1 ev5 aft] mak+ e all[ance = bro!rly bias1 we pref] to reg>d x z giv+ a m j impression ( ,davy's be>+ 9 ! lecture-!atre1 & ( ! c>e & pa9s he took to ensure success4 8,he 010 says ,dr4 ,davy1 8always 9 e>ne/2 & :5 he amus$ mo/1 amusem5t appe>$ mo/ =eign to 8 object4 ,8 great & fir/ object 0 to in/ruct1 &1 9 conjunction ) ?is1 ma9ta9 ! importance & dignity ( sci5ce2 inde$ ! latt]1 & ! k9dl+ a ta/e = sci5tific pursuits1 might r be consid]$ 8 ma9 object1 & ! convey+ in/ruction a second>y "o40 ,8 lecture 0 almo/ inv>iably writt5 expressly = ! occasion1 & usually on ! day be=e he deliv]$ x4 8,on ?is day he g5]ally d9$ 9 8 own room1 & made a light meal on fi%4 ,he 0 always ma/] ( 8 subject2 & compos$ ) great rapidity1 & ) a security ( 8 p[]s nev] fail+ him4444 ,x 0 almo/ an inv>iable rule ) him1 ! ev5+ be=e1 to rehe>se 8 lecture 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 assi/ants1 ! prep>ations hav+ be5 made & ev]y?+ 9 read9ess = ! exp]im5ts2 & ?is he did1 n only ) a view to ! success ( ! exp]im5ts1 & ! dext]ity ( 8 assi/ants1 b also 9 reg>d to 8 own disc\rse1 ! effect ( :i*1 he knew1 dep5d$ ^u ! mann] 9 :i* x 0 deliv]$4 ,he us$1 ,i rememb]1 at ?is recital1 to m>k ! words :i* requir$ emphasis & /udy ! effect ( intonation2 (t5 repeat+ a passage two or ?ree diff]5t times1 to witness ! diff]5ce ( effect ( v>iations 9 ! voice4 ,8 mann] 0 p]fectly natural1 animat$ & en]getic1 b n 9 ! lea/ !atrical4 ,9 speak+1 he nev] seem$ to consid] himself z an object ( att5tion2 he spoke z if devot$ to 8 subject1 & z if 8 audi5ce 7 equally devot$ to x & _! int]e/ conc5trat$ 9 x4 ,! impressiv5ess ( 8 oratory 0 "o ( its great *>ms 444 & 8 eloqu5ce1--! declamation1 z x might be call$ by "s1 9 :i* he indulg$ on ! beauty & ord] ( ,nature 444 0 s well receiv$ because x 0 n affect$2 m]ely 8 own /rong impressions & feel+s embodi$ 9 words1 & deliv]$ ) an e>ne/ness :i* m>k$ _! s9c]ity40 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be admitt$ t ?is extraord9>y success 0 n )\t its evil influ5ce on ,davy's moral qualities4 ,consid]+ 8 age1 & 8 temp]am5t1 8 ambition & love ( applause1 he w\ld h be5 some?+ m ?an human if he c\ld h rema9$ :olly unaffect$ by ! conditions 9 :i* he 0 plac$4 8,! bloom ( 8 simplicity 0 dull$ by ! brea? ( adulation40 ,he assum$ ! g>b & ! airs ( a man ( fa%ion1 & c\rt$ ! society ( ! ri* & ! ari/ocratic4 ,"t :i* w\ld h be5 m pr(itably sp5t 9 ! /udy1 or 9 ! society ( 8 intellectual fell[s1 0 fritt]$ away 9 ! frivolities ( ,london society1 or 9 ! salons1 or at ! soires ( lead]s ( ! 8sm>t0 p ( ! p]iod4 ,! peculi> circum/ances ( ! ,royal ,in/itution1 & ! necessity = ! cont9u$ adhesion to x ( p]sons ( rank & weal?1 may to "s ext5t h l$ him away f ! quiet] & s]5] joys ( ! philosophic life4 8,9 ! morn+10 says ,p>is1 8he 0 ! sage int]pret] ( ,nature's laws2 9 ! ev5+1 he sp>kl$ 9 ! galaxy ( fa%ion2 & n ! lea/ extraord9>y po9t 9 ! "* ( ?is great man1 0 ! facility ) :i* he c\ld ca/ aside ! c>es ( /udy1 & ent] into ! trifl+ amusem5ts ( society4--#8,ne otium quidem otiosum1' 0 ! exclamation ( ,cic]o2 & x w g5]ally apply to ! leisure ( m5 actively engag$ 9 ! pursuits ( sci5ce2 b ,davy1 9 clos+ ! door ( 8 laboratory1 op5$ ! temple ( pleasure4444 ,9 ord9>y cases1 ! g5ius ( ev5+ dissipation is an arrant ,p5elope2 b ,davy1 on return+ to 8 morn+ lab\rs1 nev] f\nd t ! ?read _h be5 unspun dur+ ! int]ruption40 ,! foll[+ lett] f ,col]idge w s]ve to %[ h[ ?is *ange 0 =ese5 & deplor$ by 8 true/ fri5ds3-- 8,ne!r ,/[ey1 ,feby4 #ag1 #ahjc4 8,,my ,,de> ,,purkis1 444 ,i h be5 "h ne>ly a =tnight2 & 9 bett] heal? ?an usual4 ,tranquillity1 w>m rooms & a de> old fri5d1 are specifics = my compla9ts4 ,poole is inde$ a v1 v good man4 ,i l ev5 8 incorrigibility 9 small faults & defici5cies2 x looks l a wise det]m9ation ( ,nature to let well alone2 & is a consequ5ce1 a necess>y "o p]haps1 ( 8 immutability 9 8 important good qualities4444 8,i rejoice 9 ,davy's progress4 ,!re are ?ree suns record$ 9 ,scripture3--,jo%ua's1 t /ood /ill2 ,hezekiah's1 t w5t backw>d2 & ,david's t w5t =?1 & ha/5$ on 8 c\rse1 l a bridegroom f 8 *amb]4 ,may our fri5d's prove ! latt]6 ,x is a melan*oly ?+ to see a man1 l ! ,sun 9 ! close ( ! ,lapl& summ]1 m]idional 9 8 horizon2 or l :eat 9 a ra9y season1 t %oots up well 9 ! /alk1 b does n k]n4 ,z ,i h hop$1 & d hope1 m pr\dly ( ,davy ?an ( any o!r man2 & z he has be5 ende>$ to me m ?an any o!r man1 by ! be+ a ,?+ ( ,hope to me 7m1 f> m ?an my self to my own self 9 my mo/ g5ial mom5ts17--s ( c\rse my disappo9tm5t w\ld be proportionally sev]e4 ,x 7 falsehood1 if ,i said t ,i ?9k 8 pres5t situation mo/ calculat$1 ( all o!rs1 to fo/] ei!r 8 g5ius1 or ! cle>ness & incorruptness ( 8 op9ions & moral feel+s4 ,i see two ,s]p5ts at ! cradle ( 8 g5ius3 ,dissipation ) a p]petual increase ( acqua9tances1 & ! con/ant pres5ce ( ,inf]iors & ,devotees1 ) t too great facility ( atta9+ admiration :i* degrades ,ambition into ,vanity--b ! ,h]cules w /rangle bo? ! reptile mon/]s4 ,i h ?\ght x possible to ex]t tal5ts ) p]sev]ance1 & to atta9 true greatness :olly pure1 ev5 f ! impulses2 b on ?is subject ,davy & ,i always diff]$4444 ,y\rs s9c]ely 8,s4 ,t4 ,,col]idge40 ,x w\ld seem t ,col]idge's d\bts & fe>s 7 %>$ also by 8 ho/1 & 7 communicat$ by him to ! object ( !m4 ,?is1 at lea/1 may be inf]r$ f ! foll[+ extract f a lett] f ,davy to ,poole3-- 8,london1 ,may #a1 #ahjc4 8,,my ,,de> ,,poole1 444 ,be n al>m$1 my de> fri5d1 z to ! effect ( worldly society on my m9d4 ,! age ( dang] has pass$ away4 ,!re are 9 ! intellectual be+ ( all m51 p]man5t elem5ts1 c]ta9 habits & passions t _c *ange4 ,i am a lov] ( ,nature1 ) an ungratifi$ imag9ation4 ,i %all cont9ue to se>* = unta/$ *>ms--= hidd5 beauties4 8,my real1 my wak+ exi/5ce is among/ ! objects ( sci5tific rese>*3 common amusem5ts & enjoym5ts are necess>y to me only z dreams1 to int]rupt ! fl[ ( ?\ghts too ne>ly analog\s to enlight5 & to vivify4 8,col]idge has left ,london = ,keswick2 dur+ 8 /ay 9 t[n1 ,i saw him seldom] ?an usual2 :5 ,i did see him1 x 0 g5]ally 9 ! mid/ ( l>ge companies1 :]e he is ! image ( p[] & activity4 ,8 eloqu5ce is unimpair$2 p]haps x is s(t] & /rong]4 ,8 w is probably less ?an ev] comm5surate ) 8 ability4 ,brilliant images ( greatness float ^u 8 m9d3 l ! images ( ! morn+ cl\ds ^u ! wat]s1 _! =ms are *ang$ by ! motion ( ! waves1 !y are agitat$ by e breeze1 & modifi$ by e sunbeam4 ,he talk$ 9 ! c\rse ( "o h\r1 ( beg9n+ ?ree works1 & he recit$ ! poem ( ,*ri/abel unf9i%$1 & z ,i _h be=e he>d x4 ,:at tal5t does he n wa/e 9 =m+ visions1 sublime1 b unconnect$ ) ! real _w6 ,i h look$ to 8 ef=ts1 z to ! ef=ts ( a creat+ be+2 b z yet1 he has n ev5 laid ! f\ndation = ! new _w ( intellectual =m4444 8,y\r affectionate fri5d 8,,humphry ,,davy40 ,space w n p]mit ( any m detail$ acc\nt ( ,davy's c>e] z a lectur] at ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,dur+ ! twelve ye>s he occupi$ its ,*air ( ,*emi/ry he held undisput$ sway z ! greate/ liv+ expositor ( *emical doctr9e1 & session aft] session saw ! !atre cr[d$ ) eag] & expectant audi5ces4 ,?is cont9u$ & increas+ success 0 due n m]ely to 8 art & skill z a speak]1 b to ! rem>kable & a/oni%+ "* ( :at he _h to tell--( "w :i* made ! laboratory ( ! ,royal ,in/itution ev5 m fam\s ?an its lecture-rooms4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,*emical ,,laboratory ,,( ,,! ,,royal ,,in/itution4 ,! *emical laboratory ( ! ,royal ,in/itution1 z ! sc5e ( ,davy's greate/ discov]ies--discov]ies :i* m>k epo*s 9 ! developm5t ( natural k--w = ev] be hall[$ gr\nd to ! philosoph]4 ,! vot>ies ( ,h]mes h rais$ f> m /ately temples3 to-day !y foll[ _! pursuit 9 edifices :i* 9 ar*itectural elegance & 9 equipm5t are palaces comp>$ ) ! subt]ranean /ructure :i* lies beh9d ! ,cor9?ian faade 9 ,albem>le ,/reet4 ,b to ! *emi/ ?is spot is :at ! ,ka'ba at ,mecca is to ! foll[] ( ,mohamm$1 or :at ,iona 0 to ,dr4 ,johnson3 &1 if we may v5ture to adapt ! language ( ! ,engli% morali/1 t /ud5t has little to be envi$ ^: en?usiasm w\ld n gr[ w>m] or ^: devotion w\ld n ga9 =ce )9 ! place made sacr$ by ! g5ius & lab\rs ( ,davy & ,f>aday4 ,& yet1 7 ^! great m5 to revisit ! sc5e ( _! triumphs1 !y w\ld h>dly recognise x1 s completely alt]$ is x by adaptations & re>rangem5ts r5d]$ necess>y by _! discov]ies4 ,h[ x appe>$ 9 _! own "t may be se5 f ! illu/ration on page #ia1 tak5 f a wat]-col\r draw+ by ,miss ,h>riet ,moore1 9 ! possession ( ! ,manag]s ( ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*emical ,,laboratory ,,( ,,! ,,royal ,,in/itution ,,9 ,,davy',s ,,"t4 ,! fir/ ye> ( ! c5tury is memorable = ! inv5tion ( ! voltaic pile1 & = ! discov]y1 by ,ni*olson & ,c>lisle1 on ,april #cj?1 #ahjj1 ( ! electrolytic decomposition ( wat]4 ,z ,davy said1 8! voltaic batt]y 0 an al>m-bell to exp]im5t]s 9 e "p ( ,europe2 & x s]v$ no less = demon/rat+ new prop]ties 9 electricity1 & = e/abli%+ ! laws ( ?is sci5ce1 ?an z an in/rum5t ( discov]y 9 o!r bran*es ( k2 exhibit+ relations betwe5 subjects be=e app>5tly )\t connection1 & s]v+ z a bond ( unity betwe5 *emical & physical philosophy40 ,! capital discov]y ( ,volta 0 made kn[n 9 ,engl& at ! e>lie/ possible mom5t ?r\gh ! m$iation ( ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 & ! /udy ( voltaic electricity1 its effects & applications1 0 imm$iately aft]w>ds ent]$ ^u by _m ,engli%m5 ( sci5ce ) great zeal & ard\r4 ,davy at ?is "t _h j complet$ 8 "w on ,nitr\s ,oxide2 &1 p[]fully impress$ ) ! significance ( ,ni*olson & ,c>lisle's obs]vation1 he at once turn$ 8 att5tion to ! subject1 & ev5 be=e leav+ ,bri/ol he _h s5t a numb] ( %ort pap]s on :at 0 !n usually t]m$ ! galvanic electricity to ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal4 ,he %[$ t oxyg5 & hydrog5 7 evolv$ f sep>ate portions ( wat]1 ?\gh vegetable & ev5 animal sub/ances int]v5$2 & conceiv+ t all decomposition might be pol>1 he 8electris$0 diff]5t comp\nds at ! diff]5t extremities1 & f\nd t sulphur & metallic sub/ances appe>$ at ! negative pole1 & oxyg5 & nitrog5 at ! positive pole1 ?\gh ! bodies furni%+ !m 7 sep>ate f ea* o!r4 ,! pap]s1 h[ev]1 are ma9ly rem>kable = ! fact t !y s]v$ to e/abli% ! intimate connection betwe5 ! electrical effects & ! *emical *anges go+ on 9 ! pile1 & = ! conclusion drawn conc]n+ _! mutual dep5d5ce4 ,)9 a few days aft] 8 removal to ! ,royal ,in/itution he resum$ 8 inquiries1 publi%+ 8 results 9 a s]ies ( notices 9 ! %ort-liv$ ,j\rnal ( ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,9 #ahja he s5t 8 fir/ communication to ! ,royal ,society1 on 8,an ,acc\nt ( "s ,galvanic ,comb9ations1 =m$ by ! ,arrangem5t ( s+le metallic ,plates & ,fluids1 analog\s to ! new ,galvanic ,app>atus ( ,mr4 ,volta40 ,b at ?is p]iod1 & = "s "t aft]w>ds1 ,davy 0 n altoge!r free to develop 8 own ideas1 z ! "w ( ! laboratory 0 controll$ by a committee :i* met1 f "t to "t1 to delib]ate & settle ^u ! rese>*es :i* 7 to be und]tak5 by _! ,pr(essor4 ,z we h se51 he 0 reque/$1 9 ! fir/ place1 to turn 8 att5tion to tann+1 & to inve/igate ! a/r+5t pr9ciples employ$ 9 ! manufacture ( lea!r4 ,aft]w>ds1 :5 ! ,manag]s det]m9$ to =m a m9]alogical collection1 & to in/itute an assay (fice = ! improvem5t ( m9]alogy & metallurgy1 he 0 ord]$ to make analyses ( rocks & m9]als4 ,& la/ly1 9 consequ5ce ( an arrangem5t betwe5 ! ,manag]s & ! ,bo>d ( ,agriculture1 effect$ by ,ar?ur ,"y1 he 0 requir$ to take up ! subject ( ,agricultural ,*emi/ry4 ,to a man ( ,?omas ,"y's temp]am5t ! fussy activity ( committees1 direct$ by su* p z ,b]n>d & ,hippesley1 w\ld h be5 res5t$ z an irksome1 if n intol]able1 int]f]5ce2 b ,davy inv>iably act$ z if he consid]$ t _! decisions promot$ ! true int]e/s ( ! ,in/itution1 & ent]$ ) ard\r into ea* new s*eme4 ,!re 0 no irksom5ess to him 9 be+ call$ ^u to *ange ! curr5t ( 8 ideas1 = he delight$ 9 ! opportunity ( exhibit+ 8 v]satility2 &1 confid5t 9 8 p[]s1 he _h ! ambition to t\* ev]y?+ 9 turn1 & to adorn x4 ,t he %\ld h succe$$ s well "u su* conditions is p]haps ! /ronge/ evid5ce t c\ld be adduc$ ( ! /r5g? & ela/icity ( 8 eag]1 active m9d1 & ( 8 a/oni%+ p[] ( rapid1 well-direct$ "w4 ,we h already dealt ) 8 rese>*es 9 connection ) tann+4 ,! ef=ts ( ! ,manag]s t[>ds ! improvem5t ( m9]alogy & metallurgy1 9 spite ( ! g5]\s assi/ance ( ,mr4 ,greville1 ,sir ,j4 ,/4 ,aub91 & ,sir ,a4 ,hume1 & ! 8activity & intellig5ce ( ,mr4 ,davy10 prov$ abortive4 ,"o outcome ( ,davy's association ) ! matt] may be se5 9 8 pap]1 publi%$ by ! ,royal ,society 9 #ahje1 on 8,an ,acc\nt ( "s analytical ,exp]im5ts on a m9]al ,production f ,devon%ire1 consi/+ pr9cipally ( ,alum9e & ,wat]40 ,! m9]al ref]r$ to 0 discov]$ by ,dr4 ,wavel 9 an argillace\s slate ne> ,b>n/aple1 & h5ce 0 t]m$ wavellite4 ,davy fail$ to recognise its true nature1 :i* 0 fir/ correctly asc]ta9$ by ,b]zelius4 ,a few weeks lat]1 he s5t to ! ,royal ,society a second pap] 8,on a ,me?od ( ,analyz+ ,/ones conta9+ fix$ ,alkali1 by ,means ( ! ,boracic ,acid40 ,! me?od1 h[ev]1 is ( comp>atively limit$ application1 & is seldom1 if ev]1 n[ us$ 9 analysis4 ,det]m9ative *emi/ry 0 nev] "o ( ,davy's /rong po9ts1 & few ( 8 analytical processes are n[ employ$4 ,pati5t manipulation1 & m9ute & su/a9$ att5tion to detail1 7 altoge!r =eign to 8 disposition & habits1 al?\gh he _h ! highe/ appreciation ( ^! qualities 9 m5 l ,cav5di% & ,wolla/on4 ,! lectures on agriculture h[ev]1 7 a great success1 & br\ght increas$ fame & no small pr(it to ! lectur]4 ,8 association ) ! ,bo>d ( ,agriculture develop$ into a p]man5t appo9tm5t2 = t5 successive ye>s he cont9u$ to lecture on ! subject be=e its memb]s1 & 9 #ahac he put toge!r ! results ( 8 lab\rs 9 8 well-kn[n 8,elem5ts ( ,agricultural ,*emi/ry40 ,9 simplicity & abs5ce ( ornam5t ! /yle ( ^! lectures is 9 m>k$ contra/ to t :i* he usually employ$ at ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,deal+ ) m5 to :om ! matt] 0 ( p>am\nt importance1 he _h no ne$ to /imulate _! int]e/ by ! arts he employ$ 9 ! !atre 9 ,albem>le ,/reet4 ,! v nature ( ! subject1 p]haps1 s]v$ to rem9d him t tropes & metaphors 7 "h z mu* out ( place z 8! brilliant wild fl[]s 9 ! field ( corn--v pretty1 b :i* did v mu* hurt ! corn40 ,x w\ld be impossible 9 ! space at our disposal to attempt to give a m9ute analysis ( ,davy's "w 9 connection ) agriculture4 ,its int]e/ n[ is1 = ! mo/ "p1 hi/orical2 :at is ( p]man5t importance 9 ! way ( fact has long s9ce be5 wov5 into ! common web ( k4 ,its greate/ value 0 n 9 ! novelty or ! abundance ( its facts1 b r z a closely-reason$ exposition ( ! relation ( agriculture to sci5ce1 & ( ! necessity = apply+ ! pr9ciples & me?ods ( sci5ce to ! art4 ,! philosophic bread? ( 8 views1 support$1 on occasion1 by apt example & /rik+ analogy1 might be illu/rat$ by _m extracts4 ,?is1 = example1 is h[ he speaks ( ! value ( ! sci5tific me?od1 & ( *emi/ry1 to husb&ry3-- 8,no?+ is m want+ 9 agriculture ?an exp]im5ts1 9 :i* all ! circum/ances are m9utely & sci5tifically detail$4 ,?is art w advance ) rapidity 9 proportion z x becomes exact 9 its me?ods4 ,z 9 physical rese>*es all ! causes %\ld be consid]$2 a diff]5ce 9 ! results may be produc$1 ev5 by ! fall ( a half an in* ( ra9 m or less 9 ! c\rse ( a season1 or a few degrees ( temp]ature1 or ev5 by a slight diff]5ce 9 ! subsoil1 or 9 ! incl9ation ( ! l&4 8,in=mation collect$1 aft] views ( di/9ct inquiry1 w\ld necess>ily be m accurate1 & m capable ( be+ connect$ ) ! g5]al pr9ciples ( sci5ce2 & a few hi/ories ( ! results ( truly philosophical exp]im5ts 9 agricultural *emi/ry w\ld be ( m value 9 enlight5+ & b5efitt+ ! f>m]1 ?an ! greate/ possible accumulation ( imp]fect trials conduct$ m]ely 9 ! empirical _s4 ,x is no unusual occurr5ce1 = p]sons :o argue 9 fav\r ( practice & exp]i5ce1 to condemn g5]ally all attempts to improve agriculture by philosophical inquiries & *emical me?ods4 ,t mu* vague speculation may be f\nd 9 ! works ( ^? :o h lightly tak5 up agricultural *emi/ry1 x is impossible to d5y4 ,x is n uncommon to f9d a numb] ( *anges rung ^u a /r+ ( te*nical t]ms1 su* z oxyg51 hydrog51 c>bon1 & azote1 z if ! sci5ce dep5d$ ^u words r ?an ^u ?+s4 ,b ?is is1 9 fact1 an argum5t = ! necessity ( ! e/abli%m5t ( j pr9ciples ( *emi/ry on ! subject4 ,:oev] reasons ^u agriculture1 is oblig$ to recur to ?is sci5ce4 ,he feels t x is sc>cely possible to advance a /ep )\t x2 & if he is satisfi$ ) insuffici5t views1 x is n because he pref]s !m to accurate k1 b1 g5]ally1 because !y are m curr5t4444 ,x has be5 said1 & und\bt$ly ) great tru?1 t a philosophical *emi/ w\ld mo/ probably make a v unpr(itable bus9ess ( f>m+2 & ?is c]ta9ly w\ld be ! case1 if he 7 a m]e philosophical *emi/2 & unless he _h s]v$ 8 appr5tice%ip to ! practice ( ! art1 z well z to ! !ory4 ,b !re is reason to believe t he w\ld be a m successful agriculturi/ ?an a p]son equally un9itiat$ 9 f>m+1 b ignorant ( *emi/ry altoge!r2 8 sci5ce1 z f> z x w5t1 w\ld be useful to him4 ,b *emi/ry is n ! only k9d ( k requir$3 x =ms a "p ( ! philosophical basis ( agriculture2 b x is an important "p1 & :5ev] appli$ 9 a prop] mann] mu/ produce advantages40 ,h[ highly ^! lectures 7 appreciat$ w be evid5t f ! t]ms 9 :i* !y 7 ref]r$ to by ,sir ,john ,s9clair 9 8 address ( #ahjf to ! ,bo>d4 ,he says3-- 8,9 ! ye> #ahjb1 :5 my ,"l ,c>r+ton 0 9 ! *air1 ! ,bo>d resolv$ to direct ! att5tion ( a celebrat$ lectur]1 ,mr4 ,davy1 to agricultural subjects2 & 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 dur+ ! presid5cy ( ,"l ,%effield1 he fir/ deliv]$ to ! memb]s ( ?is ,in/itution1 a c\rse ( lectures on ! ,*emi/ry ( ,agriculture4 ,! plan has succe$$ to ! ext5t :i* might h be5 expect$ f ! abilities ( ! g5tleman engag$ to c>ry x into effect4 ,! lectures h hi!rto be5 exclusively address$ to ! memb]s ( ! ,bo>d2 b to su* a degree ( p]fection h !y arriv$1 t x is well wor?y ( consid]ation1 :e!r !y ought n to be giv5 to a l>g] audi5ce40 ,! 8degree ( p]fection0 0 9 no small degree due to ! am\nt ( exp]im5tal & obs]vational "w :i* ,davy introduc$ into 8 lectures4 ,mr4 ,b]n>d allott$ him a consid]able piece ( gr\nd on 8 prop]ty at ,roehampton = exp]im5tal purposes1 & ! ,duke ( ,b$=d c>ri$ out trials = him at ,woburn4 ,he /udi$ f "t to "t all ! op]ations ( practical f>m+1 exam9$ a great v>iety ( soils1 & inve/igat$ ! nature & action ( manures4 ,he 0 ?us br\ght into contact ) "s ( ! l>ge/ l&[n]s & agriculturi/s ( 8 "t1 & 0 an hon\r$ gue/ 9 ! h\ses ( m5 l ,"l ,%effield1 ,"l ,?anet1 ,mr4 ,coke ( ,holkham1 & o!rs4,e ,9 ! practical int]e/ he ?us display$ 9 ! mo/ useful ( all ! arts he s\ght to emulate ! example ( 8 illu/ri\s prototype ,lavoisi]1 & 8 "w con/itutes ! f\ndation ( e treatise on ! subject s9ce ! appe>ance1 9 #ahdj1 ( ,liebig's well-kn[n book4 ,e ,9 ! pr9t ( ! 8,woburn ,%eep-,%e>+10 ,davy is repres5t$ z "o ( a gr\p compris+ ,mr4 ,coke1 ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 ,sir ,john ,s9clair1 & ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,"y4 ,pr(essor ,w>+ton1 ?an :om no "o is m fitt$ to express an op9ion1 has fav\r$ me ) ! foll[+ critical e/imate ( ! value ( ,davy's "w3-- 8,! lectures pr(ess to be exhau/ive & ?us pres5t all t ,davy _h be5 able to collect on ! subject ( ! relations ( *emi/ry to agriculture dur+ a p]iod ( at lea/ #aj ye>s4 ,he appe>s to h made a c>eful /udy ( ! problems ( agriculture = _m ye>s1 & to be acqua9t$ ) ,engli% practice1 & ,engli% exp]im5ts4 ,!re is b little ref]5ce to =eign practice1 or =eign op9ion1 save :]e ! "w done has be5 purely *emical1 z e4g4 t ( ,gay ,lussac1 or ,vauquel94 ,he approa*es 8 subject 9 a ?or\ghly sci5tific mann]1 tak+ an indep5d5t view ( ea* "q1 br++ all ! k at 8 disposal to be> ^u x1 & n hesitat+ to come to conclusions diff]5t f ^? usually receiv$4 ,! great /ep tak5 9 ^! lectures is ! ass]tion t ,agriculture mu/ look to ,natural ,sci5ce1 & especially to ,*emi/ry1 = ! explanation ( its problems & ! improvem5t ( its practice4 ,davy seems to h be5 ! fir/1 at lea/ 9 ?is c\ntry1 :o boldly claim$ = #8,agricultural ,*emi/ry' ! position ( a di/9ct bran* ( sci5ce4 ,he 0 probably ! e>lie/ example ( a fir/-class *emi/1 :o s]i\sly & cont9u\sly devot$ 8 be/ att5tion to ! subject ( agriculture4 8,! lectures1 look$ at f a mod]n /&po9t1 are ( unequal value4 ,! me?od ( food-analysis is v poor1 & x is some:at surpris+ t ! accurate mode ( det]m9+ nitrog5 employ$ by ,gay ,lussac is n made use ( 9 ,davy's analyses4 ,nev]!less he manages to asc]ta9 t spr+ s[n :eat is ri*] 9 glut5 ?an autumn s[n1 & ! :eat ( hot c\ntries ri*] ?an ! :eat ( temp]ate regions1 /atem5ts :i* are q correct4 8,lecture ,,vi4 is decid$ly poor4 ,davy believes t plants fe$ on c>bonace\s matt] by _! roots1 & ?is mi/ak5 !ory leads him to assign an undue value to organic sub/ances z manures4 ,x seems curi\s n[adays to f9d ! :ole subject ( manures treat$ ) h>dly any ref]5ce to _! cont5ts 9 nitrog51 phosphoric acid1 or pota%4 8,lecture ,,iv4 is "o ( 8 be/ lectures1 full ( ke5 obs]vation & sugge/ive exp]im5t4 8,! ref]5ces to 8 own agricultural exp]im5ts are v num]\s2 he seems to h made exp]im5ts on e subject ( inquiry t came be=e him4 ,!re is h[ev] no attempt at an ext5d$ & ?or\gh inve/igation ( any subject1 & = want ( ?is ! tru? is sometimes miss$4 ,?us 9 8 trials ( v>i\s ammonium salts z manures he f9ds ! c>bonate to be effective1 ! *loride to be ( little value1 & ! sulphate ( no good at all1 :]eas ! la/-nam$ salt is n[ g5]ally *os5 z a manure4 8,!re are "s p>agraphs t read l ! inspirations ( g5ius1 ?\gh x is n[ ( c\rse difficult to tell to :at ext5t 8 /atem5ts & op9ions 7 w>rant$ by ! facts !n kn[n4 ,he gives a wond]fully correct idea ( ! action ( peas or beans 9 rotation1 ev5 includ+ ! /atem5t t !y obta9 _! nitrog5 f ! atmosph]e40 ,al?\gh 8 "t & en]gy 7 necess>ily l>gely absorb$ by ! dem&s ( ! ,manag]s1 ,davy nev] lo/ sight ( ! subject ( voltaic electricity1 & at int]vals he 0 able to resume 8 inquiries ^u x4 ,:at specially impress$ him 0 ! p[] ( ! voltaic pile z an analytic ag5t2 & 8 laboratory j\rnals1 pres]v$ at ! ,royal ,in/itution1 record ! results ( num]\s trials on ! behavi\r ( comp\nd sub/ances "u its influ5ce4 ,9 spite ( innum]able di/ractions & con/ant int]ruptions1 due ma9ly to ! prec>i\s position ( ! ,in/itution1 ,davy gradually succe$$ 9 unravell+ ! fundam5tal laws ( electro-*emi/ry1 & 9 ?us import+ a new ord] ( conceptions1 altoge!r unlook$ = & undreamt (1 into sci5ce4 ,?is really con/itutes 8 greate/ claim z a philosoph] to our admiration & gratitude4 ,! isolation ( ! metals ( ! alkalis1 & ! pro( ( ! comp\nd nature ( ! alkal9e e>?s1 7 unque/ionably a*ievem5ts ( ! highe/ brilliancy1 & z su* appeal /rongly to ! popul> imag9ation4 ,b !y 7 only ! necess>y & consequ5tial l9ks 9 a *a9 ( discov]y :i*1 _h ,davy neglect$ to make !m1 w\ld h be5 imm$iately =g$ by o!rs4 ,x is significant t almo/ imm$iately aft] ! capital discov]y ( ,ni*olson & ,c>lisle1 ,dr4 ,h5ry ( ,man*e/]1 ! well-kn[n fri5d & collaborator ( ,dalton1 %\ld h made ! attempt to sep>ate ! presum$ metallic pr9ciple ( pota% by ! ag5cy ( voltaic electricity4 99 99 99 99 99 ,davy communicat$ ! results ( 8 inquiries made prior to ! summ] ( #ahjf 9 a pap] to ! ,royal ,society1 :i* 0 made ! ,bak]ian lecture ( ! ye>4,f ,x is entitl$ 8,on "s *emical ,ag5cies ( ,electricity10 & is divid$ 9 n9e sections & an introduction4 ,9 ! fir/ section1 8,on ! ,*anges produc$ by ,electricity 9 ,wat]10 he set at re/ ! disput$ "q z to ! orig9 ( ! acid & alkal9e matt] :i* _h be5 obs]v$ to =m dur+ ! electrolysis ( ?is liquid4 ,by "s ^! sub/ances 7 suppos$ to be g5]at$ f pure wat] by ! action ( electricity2 & ,m4 ,brugnatelli _h ev5 attempt$ to prove ! exi/5ce ( a body sui g5]is :i* he t]m$ ! electric acid4 ,by a s]ies ( conv9c+ exp]im5ts ,davy %[$ t ! sub/ances 7 due to ! pres5ce ( sal9e matt] 9 ! wat]1 d]iv$ ei!r f faulty purification1 or f ! solv5t action ( ! wat] on ! vessels1 etc41 ) :i* x 0 9 contact4 ,cruick%ank _h f\nd t 9 "s cases ! acid 0 nitric acid & ! alkali ammonia3 ^! sub/ances 7 %[n by ,davy to be due to ! pres5ce ( dissolv$ air4 ,:5 pure wat]1 conta9$ 9 vessels on :i* x ex]t$ no solv5t action1 0 8electris$0 9 vacuo1 n a trace ( ei!r acid or alkali 0 produc$4 ,f ,?is lecture1 :i* is "o ( ! ev5ts ( ea* session ( ! ,royal ,society1 owes its orig9 to ,mr4 ,h5ry ,bak]1 ,f4,r4,s41 a le>n$ antiqu>y & naturali/1 :o1 by 8 w ( ,july1 #agfc1 bequea!d ! sum ( #ajj to ! ,society1 ! int]e/ ( :i* 0 to be appli$ 8= an oration or disc\rse to be spok5 or read ye>ly by someone ( ! ,fell[s ( t ,society1 on su* "p ( ,natural ,hi/ory or ,exp]im5tal ,philosophy1 at su* "t1 & 9 su* mann]1 z ! ,presid5t & ,c\ncil ( ! said ,society = ! "t be+1 %all please to ord] & appo9t40 ,bak] di$ 9 #aggd1 & ! beque/ came into op]ation dur+ ! presid5cy ( ,sir ,john ,pr+le2 & ,pet] ,w\lfe--"o ( ! la/ ( ! ,engli% al*emi/s--0 appo9t$ to deliv] ! lecture1 :i* he did = ?ree successive ye>s4 ,9 ! second section1 8,on ! ,ag5cies ( ,electricity 9 ! ,decomposition ( v>i\s ,comp\nds10 he beg9s by po9t+ out t 9 all ! exp]im5ts record$ 9 ! prec$+ section--t is1 9 all *anges 9 :i* acid & alkal9e matt] _h be5 pres5t--! acid matt] collect$ 9 ! wat] r\nd ! positive pole1 & ! alkal9e matt] r\nd ! negative pole4 ,?is he %[s to be true ev5 ( su* sp>+ly soluble sub/ances z gypsum1 ! sulphates ( /rontium & b>ium1 & fluorsp>4 ,by connect+ toge!r cups or vessels made ( ! sub/ances "u inve/igation by a ?read ( well-wa%$ asbe/os1 z sugge/$ by ,wolla/on1 he f\nd t 9 all cases ! acid elem5t collect$ r\nd ! positive1 & ! e>?y base r\nd ! negative pole4 ,basalt f ,antrim1 a zeolite f ! ,giant's ,causeway1 vitre\s lava f ,etna1 & ev5 glass1 9 l mann] yield$ alkal9e matt] to wat] :5 subject$ to ! action ( voltaic electricity4 ,soluble salts1 su* z ! sulphates ( sodium1 potassium1 & ammonium1 ! nitrates ( potassium & b>ium1 ! succ9ate1 oxalate & b5zoate ( ammonium1 7 simil>ly decompos$3 ! acids 9 a c]ta9 "t collect$ 9 ! tube conta9+ ! positive wire1 & ! alkalis & e>?s 9 t conta9+ ! negative wire4 ,:5 metallic solutions1 su* z ^? ( iron1 z9c1 & t9 7 employ$1 metallic cry/als or depositions 7 =m$ on ! negative wire1 & oxide 0 likewise deposit$ r\nd x2 & a great excess ( acid 0 soon f\nd 9 ! opposite cup4 ,9 ! next section1 8,on ! ,transf] ( ,c]ta9 ( ! ,con/itu5t ,p>ts ( ,bodies by ! ,action ( ,electricity10 he po9ts out t ! obs]vations ( ,gau!rot & ( ,his+] & ,b]zelius r5d]$ x probable t ! sal9e elem5ts evolv$ 9 decompositions by electricity 7 capable ( be+ transf]r$ f "o electrifi$ surface to ano!r1 accord+ to _! usual ord] ( arrangem5t1 b t exact obs]vations on ?is po9t 7 want+4 ,he connect$ a cup ( gypsum ) "o ( agate by means ( asbe/os1 & fill+ ea* ) purifi$ wat]1 he ins]t$ ! negative wire ( ! batt]y 9 ! agate cup1 & ! positive wire 9 t ( ! sulphate ( lime4 ,9 ab\t f\r h\rs he f\nd a /rong solution ( lime 9 ! agate cup1 & sulphuric acid 9 t ( gypsum4 ,by rev]s+ ! ord]1 & c>ry+ on ! process = a simil> l5g? ( "t1 ! sulphuric acid appe>$ 9 ! agate cup1 & ! solution ( lime on ! opposite side4 ,_m trials 7 made ) o!r sal9e sub/ances ) analog\s results4 ,! "t requir$ = ^! transmissions 7! quantity & int5sity ( ! electricity1 & o!r circum/ances rema9+ ! same7 seem$ to be relat$ to ! l5g? ( ! int]m$iate column ( wat]4 ,to asc]ta9 :e!r ! contact ( ! sal9e solution ) a metallic surface 0 necess>y = ! decomposition & transf]5ce1 he introduc$ purifi$ wat] into two glass tubes2 a vessel conta9+ solution ( potassium *loride 0 connect$ ) ea* ( ! tubes by means ( asbe/os2 on introduc+ ! wires into ! tubes alkal9e matt] soon appe>$ 9 "o tube1 & acid matt] 9 ! o!r2 & 9 ! c\rse ( a few h\rs mod]ately /rong solutions ( pota% & ( hydro*loric acid 7 =m$4 ,two tubes1 "o conta9+ di/ill$ wat]1 ! o!r a solution ( potassium sulphate1 7 ea* connect$ by asbe/os ?reads ) a vessel conta9+ a dilute solution ( litmus2 ! sal9e matt] 0 negatively electrifi$2 & z x 0 natural to suppose t ! sulphuric acid 9 pass+ ?r\gh ! wat] to ! positive side w\ld r$d5 ! litmus 9 its c\rse1 "s slips ( litmus pap] 7 plac$ above & bel[ ! pieces ( asbe/os1 directly 9 ! circuit3 x 0 f\nd t ! acid & alkali pass$ ?r\gh ! litmus solution )\t effect+ any *ange 9 col\r4 8,z acid & alkal9e sub/ances dur+ ! "t ( _! electrical transf] pass$ ?r\gh wat] conta9+ vegetable col\rs )\t affect+ !m1 or app>5tly comb9+ ) !m1 x imm$iately became an object ( inquiry :e!r !y w\ld n likewise pass ?r\gh *emical m5/rua hav+ /rong] attractions = !m2 & x seem$ reasonable to suppose t ! same p[] :i* de/roy$ elective aff9ity 9 ! vic9ity ( ! metallic po9ts w\ld likewise de/roy x1 or susp5d its op]ation1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ! circuit40 ,to te/ ?is supposition1 solution ( potassium sulphate 0 plac$ 9 contact ) ! negative wire1 & pure wat] 9 contact ) ! positive wire & a weak solution ( ammonia 0 made ! middle l9k ( ! conduct+ *a91 s t no sulphuric acid c\ld pass to ! positive pole 9 ! di/ill$ wat] )\t pass+ ?r\gh ! solution ( ammonia4 ,9 less ?an five m9utes x 0 f\nd t acid 0 collect+ r\nd ! positive pole1 & 9 half an h\r ! wat] 0 s\r to ! ta/e1 & gave a precipitate ) b>ium nitrate4 ,hydro*loric acid f common salt1 & nitric acid f nitre 7 transmitt$ ?r\gh conc5trat$ alkal9e m5/rua "u simil> circum/ances4 ,/rontia & b>yta readily pass$1 l ! o!r alkal9e sub/ances1 ?r\gh hydro*loric & nitric acids2 & vice v]s ^! acids pass$ ) facility ?r\gh aque\s solution ( b>yta & /rontia2 b x 0 impossible to pass sulphuric acid ?r\gh b>yta or /rontia1 or to pass b>yta & /rontia ?r\gh sulphuric acid1 z precipitates ( insoluble b>ium & /rontium sulphate 7 =m$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 ! next section1 8,on ,"s ,g5]al ,obs]vations on ^! ,ph5om5a1 & on ! ,mode ( ,decomposition & ,transition10 he summ>ises ! =ego+ results3-- 8,x w be a g5]al expression ( ! facts t h be5 detail$1 relat+ to ! *anges & transitions by electricity1 9 common philosophical language1 to say t hydrog51 ! alkal9e sub/ances1 ! metals1 & c]ta9 metallic oxides1 are attract$ by negatively electrifi$ metallic surfaces1 & repell$ by positively electrifi$ metallic surfaces2 & contr>iwise1 t oxyg5 & acid sub/ances are attract$ by positively electrifi$ metallic surfaces1 & repell$ by negatively electrifi$ metallic surfaces2 & ^! attractive & repulsive =ces are suffici5tly en]getic to de/roy or susp5d ! usual op]ation ( elective aff9ity4 8,x is v natural to suppose1 t ! repell5t & attractive en]gies are communicat$ f "o p>ticle to ano!r p>ticle ( ! same k9d1 s z to e/abli% a conduct+ *a9 9 ! fluid2 & t ! locomotion takes place 9 consequ5ce2 & t ?is is really ! case seems to be %[n by _m facts4 ,?us1 9 all ! in/ances 9 :i* ,i exam9$ alkal9e solutions ?r\gh :i* acids _h be5 transmitt$1 ,i always f\nd acid 9 !m :5ev] any acid matt] rema9$ at ! orig9al s\rce4444 8,9 ! cases ( ! sep>ation ( ! con/itu5ts ( wat]1 & ( solutions ( neutral salts =m+ ! :ole ( ! *a91 !re may possibly be a succession ( decompositions1 & recompositions ?r\gh\t ! fluid4 ,& ?is idea is /r5g!n$ by ! exp]im5ts on ! attempt to pass b>ytes ?r\gh sulphuric acid1 & muriatic acid ?r\gh solution ( sulphate ( silv]1 9 :i* z insoluble comp\nds are =m$ & c>ri$ out ( ! sph]e ( ! electrical action1 ! p[] ( transf] is de/roy$40 ,9 ! next section1 8,on ! ,g5]al ,pr9ciples ( ! ,*emical ,*anges produc$ by ,electricity10 he po9ts out t x _h be5 already %[n by ,b5net t _m bodies br\ght into contact & aft]w>ds sep>at$ exhibit$ opposite /ates ( electricity2 & t ?is obs]vation _h be5 confirm$ & ext5d$ by ,volta1 :o _h suppos$ t x also takes place ) reg>d to metals & fluids4 ,9 8 pap] 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions ( #ahja1 ! fir/ he s5t to ! ,royal ,society1 ,davy _h %[n t :5 alt]nations ( s+le metallic plates & acid & alkal9e solutions 7 employ$ 9 ! con/ruction ( voltaic comb9ations1 ! alkal9e solutions always receiv$ ! electricity f ! metal1 & ! acid always transmitt$ x to ! metal4 ,9 ! simple/ case ( electrical action1 ! alkali :i* receives electricity f ! metal w\ld necess>ily1 on be+ sep>at$ f x1 appe> positive1 :il/ ! acid "u simil> circum/ances w\ld be negative2 & ^! bodies1 hav+ respectively ) reg>d to ! metals t :i* may be call$ a positive & a negative electrical en]gy1 9 _! repell5t & attractive functions seem to be gov]n$ by laws ! same z ! common laws ( electrical attraction & repulsion4 ,! sev5? section treats ( 8,! ,relations betwe5 ! ,electrical ,en]gies ( ,bodies & _! ,*emical ,aff9ities03-- 8,z ! *emical attraction betwe5 two bodies seems to be de/roy$ by giv+ "o ( !m an electrical /ate diff]5t f t :i* x naturally possesses2 t is1 by br++ x artificially into a /ate simil> to ! o!r1 s x may be increas$ by exalt+ its natural en]gy4 ,?us1 :il/ z9c1 "o ( ! mo/ oxidable ( ! metals1 is incapable ( comb9+ ) oxyg5 :5 negatively electrifi$ 9 ! circuit1 ev5 by a feeble p[]2 silv]1 "o ( ! lea/ oxidable1 easily unites to x :5 positively electrifi$2 & ! same ?+ might be said ( o!r metals4 ,among/ ! sub/ances t comb9e *emically1 all ^?1 ! electrical en]gies ( :i* are well kn[n1 exhibit opposite /ates2 ?us copp] & z9c1 gold & quicksilv]1 sulphur & ! metals1 ! acid & alkal9e sub/ances1 af=d opposite in/ances2 & suppos+ p]fect fre$om ( motion 9 _! p>ticles or elem5t>y matt]1 !y ought accord+ to ! pr9ciples laid d[n1 to attract ea* o!r 9 consequ5ce ( _! electrical p[]s4 ,9 ! pres5t /ate ( our k x w\ld be useless to attempt to speculate on ! remote cause ( ! electrical en]gy1 or ! reason :y diff]5t bodies1 aft] be+ br\ght into contact %\ld be f\nd diff]5tly electrifi$2 its relation to *emical aff9ity is h[ev]1 suffici5tly evid5t4 ,may x n be id5tical ) x1 & an ess5tial prop]ty ( matt]80 ,h[ ,davy s\ght to elaborate a !ory ( *emical aff9ity on ^! facts w be suffici5tly obvi\s f ! foll[+ extracts3-- 8,suppos+ two bodies1 ! p>ticles ( :i* are 9 diff]5t electrical /ates1 & ^? /ates suffici5tly exalt$ to give !m an attractive =ce sup]ior to ! p[] ( aggregation1 a comb9ation w\ld take place :i* w\ld be m or less int5se accord+ z ! en]gies 7 m or less p]fectly balanc$2 & ! *ange ( prop]ties w\ld be correspond5tly proportional40 8,:5 two bodies repell5t ( ea* o!r act ^u ! same body ) diff]5t degrees ( ! same electrical attract+ en]gy1 ! comb9ation w\ld be det]m9$ by ! degree2 & ! sub/ance possess+ ! weake/ en]gy w\ld be repell$2 & ?is pr9ciple w\ld af=d an expression ( ! causes ( elective aff9ity & ! decompositions produc$ 9 consequ5ce40 8,or :]e ! bodies hav+ diff]5t degrees ( ! same en]gy1 ) reg>d to ! ?ird body1 _h likewise diff]5t en]gies ) reg>d to ea* o!r1 !re might be su* a balance ( attractive & repell5t p[]s z to produce a triple comp\nd2 & by ! ext5sion ( ?is reason+1 complicat$ *emical union may be easily expla9$40 ,z ! comb9$ effect ( _m p>ticles possess+ a feeble electrical en]gy may be conceiv$ equal or ev5 sup]ior to ! effect ( a few p>ticles possess+ a /rong electrical en]gy1 ! same pr9ciple may expla9 ! influ5ce ( mass action1 z elucidat$ by ,b]?ollet4 ,he conceives also t x may be possible to obta9 a measure ( *emical aff9ity f\nd$ ^u ! en]gy ( ! voltaic app>atus requir$ to de/roy ! *emical equilibrium4 ,he po9ts out t1 z light & heat are ! common consequ5ces ( ! re/oration ( ! equilibrium betwe5 bodies 9 a high /ate ( opposite electricities1 s x is p]haps an additional circum/ance 9 fav\r ( 8 !ory to /ate t heat & light are likewise ! result ( all int5se *emical action4 ,& z 9 c]ta9 =ms ( ! voltaic batt]y :5 l>ge quantities ( electricity ( l[ int5sity act1 heat is produc$ )\t light2 s 9 sl[ comb9ations !re is an increase ( temp]ature )\t lum9\s appe>ance4 ,! effect ( heat 9 produc+ comb9ation may1 he assumes1 be also expla9$ accord+ to ^! ideas4 ,x n only gives m fre$om ( motion to ! p>ticles1 b 9 a numb] ( cases--e4g4 t\rmal9e1 sulphur1 etc4--x seems to exalt ! electrical en]gies ( bodies4 ,9 ! eigh? section he seeks to apply ^! pr9ciples to ! mode ( action ( ! voltaic pile1 & to expla9 ! nature ( ! *anges :i* occur betwe5 ! plates & ! excit+ fluid1 & he po9ts out t ! !ory 9 "s measure reconciles ! hypo!tical pr9ciples ( ! action ( ! pile adopt$ by its inv5tor ) ! op9ions conc]n+ ! *emical orig9 ( galvanism held by ! majority ( ,briti% m5 ( sci5ce at t p]iod4 ,at ! same "t1 ,davy argues t ! facts are 9 contradiction to ! assumption t *emical *anges are ! prim>y causes ( ! ph5om5a ( galvanism4 ,moreov]1 9 m]e cases ( *emical *ange--z 9 iron burn+ 9 oxyg51 ! deflagration ( nitre ) *>coal1 ! comb9ation ( pota% ) sulphuric acid1 ! amalgamation ( z9c1--electricity is nev] exhibit$4 ,9 ! conclud+ section he tru/s t _m applications ( ! g5]al facts & pr9ciples ?us indicat$ to ! processes ( *emi/ry1 bo? 9 art & 9 nature1 may sugge/ !mselves to ! philosophical inquir]4 ,x is n improbable1 he ?9ks1 t ! electric decomposition ( ! neutral salts 9 diff]5t cases may admit ( economical uses4 ,he is induc$ to hope t ! new mode ( analysis may lead to ! discov]y ( ! true elem5ts ( bodies3-- 8,= if *emical union be ( ! nature :i* ,i h v5tur$ to suppose1 h[ev] /rong ! natural electrical en]gies ( ! elem5ts ( bodies may be1 yet !re is e probability ( a limit to _! /r5g?3 :]eas ! p[]s ( our artificial in/rum5ts seem capable ( indef9ite increase40 ,ph5om5a simil> to ^? occurr+ 9 ! voltaic cell mu/ be produc$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! int]ior /rata ( our globe1 & x is v probable t _m m9]al =mations h be5 mat]ially influ5c$1 or ev5 occasion$1 by su* action4 ,! electrical p[] ( transf]5ce may s]ve to expla9 "s ( ! pr9cipal & mo/ my/]i\s facts 9 geology4 8,natural electricity has hi!rto be5 little inve/igat$1 except 9 ! case ( its evid5t & p[]ful conc5tration 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,its sl[ & sil5t op]ations 9 e "p ( ! surface w probably be f\nd m imm$iately & importantly connect$ ) ! ord] & economy ( nature2 & inve/igations on ?is subject c h>dly fail to enlight5 our philosophical sy/ems ( ! e>?1 & may possibly place new p[]s )9 our rea*40 ,! publication ( ?is pap] ex]cis$ a pr(\nd s5sation1 bo? at home & abroad4 ,b]zelius1 ye>s aft]w>ds1 spoke ( x z "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable memoirs t _h ev] enri*$ ! !ory ( *emi/ry--& ! praise is ! m significant :5 x is rememb]$ t ,davy _h !reby seem$ to h tak5 possession ( a field ( inquiry :i* ! ,sw$i% *emi/1 :o 0 only a ye> y\ng] ?an ,davy1 _h be5 among ! fir/ to ent]4 ,/ill m significant 0 ! action ( ! ,fr5* ,in/itute4 ,bonap>te1 :5 ,fir/ ,consul1 _h ann\nc$ to ! ,in/itute 8 int5tion ( f\nd+ a m$al 8= ! be/ exp]im5t :i* %\ld be made 9 ! c\rse ( ea* ye> on ! galvanic fluid10 & _h fur!r express$ 8 desire to give ! sum ( sixty ?\s& francs 8 celui qui1 p> ses expri5ces et ses dc\v]tes f]a faire l'electricit et au galvanisme un pas comp>able celui qu'ont fait faire ces sci5ces ,frankl9 et ,volta40 ,a committee ( ! ,in/itute1 consi/+ ( ,la ,place1 ,halle1 ,c\lomb1 ,hauy & ,biot1 0 appo9t$ to consid] ! be/ means ( accompli%+ ! wi%es ( ! ,fir/ ,consul1 & twelve mon?s aft] ! publication ( ! ,bak]ian lecture !y aw>d$ its au?or ! m$al4 ,:e!r ! ,in/itute _h ! means ( aw>d+ ! sixty ?\s& francs z well is m ?an d\btful1 = x does n appe> t ! sum nam$ by ,bonap>te ev] w5t beyond ! promise ( x4 ,all t ! ,in/itute got = !mselves 01 z ,m>ia ,edgewor? said1 8a rat+ all r\nd 9 imp]ial ,bill+sgate40 ,! two c\ntries at ?is p]iod 7 at w>1 & ! feel+ ( animosity 0 mo/ bitt]4 ,( c\rse1 !re 7 p]sons :o said t patriotism %\ld =bid ! acceptance ( ! aw>d4 ,davy's own view 0 m s5sible & politic4 8,"s p10 he said to 8 fri5d ,poole1 8say ,i ought n to accept ?is prize2 & !re h be5 fooli% p>agraphs 9 ! pap]s to t effect2 b if ! two c\ntries or gov]nm5ts are at w>1 ! m5 ( sci5ce are n4 ,t w\ld1 inde$1 be a civil w> ( ! wor/ description3 we %\ld r1 ?r\gh ! in/rum5tality ( m5 ( sci5ce1 s(t5 ! asp]ities ( national ho/ility40 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,isolation ,,( ,,! ,,metals ,,( ,,! ,,alkalis4 ,h[ev] devot$ ,davy might be to sci5tific inve/igation1 he 0 no less m9dful ( ! sacr$ claims ( ! long vacation4 ,9 ! summ] ( #ahje he w5t to ! ,lake ,c\ntry1 :]e he met ,scott 9 company ) ,wordswor?2 & ! occasion on :i* ! p>ty 8climb$ ! d>k br[ ( ! mighty ,helvellyn10 & :i* gave rise to ,scott's well-kn[n poem1 is ?us ref]r$ to by ,lockh>t3-- 8,?is day !y 7 accompani$ by an illu/ri\s philosoph] ,davy1 :o 0 also a true poet--& might h be5 "o ( ! greate/ ( poets _h he *os52 & ,i h he>d ,mr4 ,wordswor? say1 t x w\ld be difficult to express ! feel+s ) :i* he1 :o s (t5 _h climb$ ,helvellyn alone1 f\nd himself /&+ on its summit ) two su* m5 z ,scott & ,davy40 ,b ! great] "p ( ?is summ] he sp5t 9 ! nor? ( ,irel&1 exam9+ ! extraord9>y geological features ( t di/rict4 ,lady ,br[nrigg1 ! si/] ( ! ,bi%op ( ,raphoe1 has giv5 a spirit$ little acc\nt ( h] impressions ( 8 appe>ance & mann] at t p]iod4 ,%e 01 %e says1 v "y at ! "t4 8,we _h be5 invit$ 7,i say we1 = ,i 0 !n ) ! ,bi%op ( ,raphoe7 by ,dr4 ,ri*>dson to g to 8 cottage at ,portru%1 #8to meet ! fam\s ,mr4 ,davy4' ,we arriv$ a %ort "t be=e d9n]4 ,9 pass+ ?r\gh a room we saw a y\?1 z he appe>$1 :o _h come 9 f fi%+1 & :o1 ) a little note-book1 0 seat$ 9 a w9d[-seat1 hav+ left a bag1 rod c41 on ! gr\nd4 ,he 0 v int5t ^u ?is little book1 & we pass$ ?r\gh unnotic$4 ,we %ook h&s ) our ho/ & ho/ess1 & prep>$ = d9n]4 ,i w5t into ! draw+-room1 "u "s little awe ( ?is great philosoph]1 annex+ to su* a "* at lea/ ! idea ( an eld]ly grave g5tleman1 n p]haps1 ) s l>ge a wig z ,dr4 ,p>r1 or s s5t5ti\s a mann] z ,dr4 ,johnson1--b c]ta9ly ,i nev] calculat$ on be+ introduc$ to ! id5tical y\?1 ) a little br[n head1 l a boy1 t we _h se5 ) 8 book1 & :o1 :5 ,i came into ! draw+-room 0 9 ! mo/ animat$ mann] rec\nt+ an adv5ture on ! ,causeway :i* _h ent]ta9$ him & f 8 mann] ( tell+ x 0 caus+ l\d laugh+ 9 ! :ole room40 ,davy also sp5t mu* ( ! summ] ( #ahjf 9 ,irel&1 & ! j\rnal :i* he kept dur+ 8 t\r conta9s _m int]e/+ notes ( 8 impressions ( ! c\ntry & ! p4 ,9 ! c\rse ( 8 j\rney he visit$ ,edgewor?/[n--8! moral & intellectual p>adise ( ! au?or ( #8,ca/le ,rackr5t1'0 z he calls x4 ,t gift$ lady tells h] c\s9 ,sophy ,ruxton t z ! result h] head 80 /uff$ full ( geological & *emical facts40 8,mr4 ,davy10 %e adds1 8is wond]fully improv$ s9ce y saw him at ,bri/ol2 he has an amaz+ fund ( k ^u all subjects1 & a great deal ( g5ius40 ,!re 0 mu* 9 ,davy's own temp]am5t to make him und]/& & appreciate ! ,iri% "*2 himself a man ( quick impulse & active sympa?y1 he 0 pr(\ndly mov$ by ! spectacle ( ,irel&'s political degradation4 ,9 a lett] to 8 fri5d ,poole1 writt5 aft] 8 return to ,london1 he says3-- 8,i long v mu* = ! int]c\rse ( a week ) y3 ,i h v mu* to say ab\t ,irel&4 ,x is an isl& :i* might be made a new & a great c\ntry4 ,x n[ boa/s a f]tile soil1 an +5i\s & robu/ peasantry1 & a ri* ari/ocracy2 b ! bane ( ! nation is ! equality ( pov]ty among/ ! l[] ord]s4 ,all are slaves1 )\t ! probability ( becom+ free2 !y are 9 ! /ate ( equality :i* ! sans culottes wi%$ = 9 ,france2 & until emulation1 & ri*es1 & ! love ( clo!s & neat h\ses are introduc$ among !m1 !re w be no p]man5t improvem5t4 8,*anges 9 political in/itutions c1 at fir/1 d little t[>ds s]v+ !m2 x mu/ be by alt]+ _! habits1 by diffus+ manufactories1 by de/roy+ middlem51 by divid+ f>ms1 & by promot+ indu/ry by mak+ ! pay proportional to ! "w3 b ,i ought n to attempt to say any?+ on ! subject :5 my limits are s n>r[2 ,i hope soon to conv]se ) y ab\t x40 ,) ! exception ( a rapid j\rney into ,cornwall1 = ! sake ( see+ 8 family1 he sp5t ! great] "p ( ! summ] & autumn ( #ahjg 9 t[n4 ,he _h be5 made ,secret>y ( ! ,royal ,society 9 succession to ,gray1 & 0 oblig$ to be 9 or ne> ,london 9 ord] to see ! ,philosophical ,transactions ?r\gh ! press4 ,f ! ,laboratory ,j\rnal x w\ld appe> t he 0 occupi$ at ?is "t on a v>iety ( disconnect$ inve/igations su* z ! nature ( ,antw]p ,blue1 & ! effect ( electricity on flame4 ,9 a lett] to ,davies ,gilb]t1 dat$ ,septemb] #ab?1 he /ates t he has be5 a good deal engag$ 9 exp]im5ts on di/illation = rev5ue purposes4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ?is mon?1 or dur+ ! fir/ week ( ,octob]1 he resum$ 8 exp]im5ts ) ! voltaic batt]y1 & he 0 l$ to /udy its action on ! alkalis4 ,!re is "s evid5ce t he _h attack$ ! same "q at ,bri/ol4 ,9 a note-book ( t p]iod1 "u date ,augu/ #f?1 #ahjj1 is ! foll[+ s5t5ce3 8,i _c close ?is notice )\t feel+ grateful to ,m4 ,volta1 ,mr4 ,ni*olson1 & ,mr4 ,c>lisle1 ^: exp]i5ce has plac$ su* a wond]ful & important in/rum5t ( analysis 9 my p[]0--evid5tly a jott+ to be us$ 9 "o ( ! %ort communications to ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal4 ,?is is imm$iately foll[$ by 8,qu]y3 ,w\ld n pota%1 dissolv$ 9 spirits ( w9e1 become a conductor80 ,& he !n gives an acc\nt ( "s exp]im5ts on ! action ( voltaic electricity on aque\s solutions ( ammonia1 cau/ic pota%1 & hydro*loric acid1 :i* app>5tly l$ to ! same result z t already obta9$ by ,ni*olson & ,c>lisle 9 ! case ( wat]4 ,x is difficult to det]m9e :e!r he _h any precise idea 9 aga9 attack+ ! problem1 or any expectation ( a def9ite result4 ,9 "o ( 8 lectures at ! ,royal ,in/itution on ,electro-,*emical ,sci5ce1 deliv]$ "s "t subsequ5tly1 he said he _h a suspicion at t "t t pota% might turn out to be 8phosphorus1 or sulphur unit$ to nitrog503 8,= z ! volatile alkali 0 reg>d$ z compos$ ( an extremely light inflammable body--hydrog5--unit$ to nitrog51 ,i conceiv$ t phosphorus & sulphur1 mu* d5s] bodies1 might produce d5s] alkal9e matt]2 & z !re 7 no kn[n comb9ation ( ^! ) nitrog51 x 0 probable t !re might be unkn[n comb9ations40 ,davy once said t 8analogy 0 ! fruitful p>5t ( error02 & ! :ole hi/ory ( sci5ce probably furni%es no m extraord9>y in/ance ( p]v]t$ analogy1 or "o m unexpect$ 9 its consequ5ces4 ,9 ano!r ( 8 lectures he said ( ! al*emi/s t 8ev5 _! failures develop$ "s uns\ght-= object p>tak+ ( ! m>vell\s0--& ! /atem5t 9 ?is case is ev5 m true ( himself4 ,ea* phase 9 ! /ory ( ?is discov]y inde$ p>takes ( ! m>vell\s4 ,sometime dur+ ! fir/ =tnight 9 ,octob]1 #ahjg1 he obta9$ 8 fir/ decisive result2 & on ! #ai? ( ,novemb] he deliv]$ :at is g5]ally reg>d$ z ! mo/ memorable ( all 8 ,bak]ian lectures1 8,on "s new ,ph5om5a ( *emical ,*anges produc$ by ,electricity1 p>ticul>ly ! ,decomposition ( ! fix$ ,alkalies1 & ! ,exhibition ( ! new sub/ances :i* con/itute _! bases2 & on ! g5]al ,nature ( alkal9e ,bodies40 ,few discov]ies ( l magnitude h be5 made & p]fect$ 9 s %ort a "t1 & few memoirs h be5 m mom5t\s 9 result ?an t :i* ,davy put toge!r 9 a few h\rs1 & 9 :i* he ann\nc$ 8 results to ! _w4 ,! :ole "w 0 done "u conditions ( great m5tal excitem5t4 ,8 c\s9 ,edmund ,davy1 :o at ! "t act$ z 8 assi/ant1 relates t :5 he saw ! m9ute globules ( ! quicksilv]-l metal bur/ ?r\gh ! cru/ ( pota% & take fire1 8 joy knew no b\nds2 he actually danc$ ab\t ! room 9 ec/asy1 & x 0 "s "t be=e he 0 suffici5tly compos$ to cont9ue 8 exp]im5ts4 ,! rapidity ) :i* he accumulat$ results aft] ?is fir/ feel+ ( deliri\s delight _h pass$ 0 extraord9>y4 ,be=e ! middle ( ,novemb] he _h obta9$ mo/ ( ! lead+ facts4 ,9 a lett] dat$ ,novemb] #ac? he tells ,w4 ,h4 ,pepys-- 8,i h decompos$ & recompos$ ! fix$ alkalies1 & discov]$ _! bases to be two new inflammable sub/ances v l metals2 b "o ( !m light] ?an e!r1 & inf9itely combu/ible4 ,s t !re are two bodies decompos$1 & two new elem5t>y bodies f\nd40 ,! /ories told by ,p>is ( 8 habits at ?is p]iod1 & ( 8 v>i\s exp$i5ts to ga9 "t--( 8 ru%+ (f to d9n] ) p]sons ( ! highe/ rank ) no few] ?an five %irts on1 & z _m pairs ( /ock+s1 because 9 8 ha/e he c\ld n put on fre% l95 )\t remov+ t :i* 0 und]nea?2 ( 8 cont9u+ 8 *emical lab\rs on 8 return to ! laboratory until ?ree or f\r 9 ! morn+2 & ( 8 !n be+ up be=e ! s]vants1 are c]ta9ly mu* exagg]at$1 if n :olly apocryphal4 ,he 01 x is true1 n v sy/ematic 9 ! disposal ( 8 "t1 b he seldom ent]$ ! laboratory be=e t5 or elev5 9 ! morn+1 & r>ely left x lat] ?an f\r1 & he 0 sc>cely ev] kn[n to visit x aft] he _h dress$ = d9n]4 ,except :5 prep>+ a lecture1 he seldom d9$ 9 8 rooms at ! ,in/itution3 8 bro!r tells u t 8 invitations to d9n] 7 s num]\s t he 01 or might h be51 con/antly engag$2 & aft] d9n] he 0 mu* 9 ! habit ( att5d+ ev5+ p>ties1 & devot+ ! ev5+ to amusem5t1 8s t to ! m]e frequ5t]s ( su* p>ties he mu/ h appe>$ a vot>y ( fa%ion r ?an ( sci5ce40 ,x 0 *>act]i/ic ( him1 t on ! v eve ( ! ann\ncem5t ( ! discov]y :i* rais$ him to ! summit ( 8 sci5tific fame1 he c\ld unb5d ! /rung b[ & ?us write to 8 y\nge/ si/]3-- 8,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1 444 ,i look$ la/ week at ! patt]n ( ! g[n t my si/] put into my h&s1 & f\nd x s worn & tatt]$ t no?+ c be made ( x2 ,i _c !re=e get y\r g[ns made till y s5d me ano!r4 ,! be/ way w be to give me measure ( ! wai/1 %\ld]s1 l5g? c41 9 ?is way1 & !re c !n be no difficulties3 ?us wai/1 #ae in*es1 or :atev] x may be2 betwe5 %\ld]s3 l5g? f wai/ to skirt or tra94 8,i d n wi% to s5d g[ns y _c we>1 & 9 ?is way !y c be well made4 ,by a piece ( tape y c easily measure & !n try ! l5g? by a c>p5t]'s rule1 & give me ! results = y\rself1 & = ,kitty1 & ,grace1 & ,i %all !n be able to s5d y\r g[ns a few days aft] ,i receive y\r lett]4444 8,i %all write to my "m soon1 ab\t ,john4 ,& n[1 my de> si/]1 hav+ writt5 y z /upid a lett] z ev] 0 writt5 ab\t g[ns1 ,i %all end ) love to my "m1 ,kitty1 ,grace1 & my aunts4 8,y\r affectionate bro!r 8,h4 ,,davy40 ,! ,bak]ian lecture 9 :i* ,davy ann\nces ! discov]y ( ! comp\nd nature ( ! fix$ alkalis op5s ) a ref]5ce to ! conclud+ rem>ks ( 8 lecture ( ! previ\s ye>1 8t ! new me?ods ( inve/igation promis$ to lead to a m intimate k ?an _h hi!rto be5 obta9$ conc]n+ ! true elem5ts ( bodies4 ,?is conjecture1 !n sanction$ only by /rong analogies1 ,i am n[ happy to be able to support by "s conclusive facts40 ,9 ! fir/ attempts he made to decompose ! fix$ alkalis he act$ ^u conc5trat$ aque\s solutions ( pota% & soda ) ! highe/ electrical p[] he c\ld !n comm& at ! ,royal ,in/itution--viz4 f voltaic batt]ies conta9+ #bd plates ( copp] & z9c ( #ab in*es squ>e1 #ajj plates ( #f in*es1 & #aej ( #d in*es1 *>g$ ) solutions ( alum & nitric acid2 b al?\gh !re 0 high int5sity ( action no?+ b hydrog5 & oxyg5 0 dis5gag$4 ,he next tri$ pota% 9 igne\s fusion1 & "h ! results 7 m enc\rag+3 !re 7 obvi\s & /rik+ signs ( decomposition3 combu/ible matt] 0 produc$ accompani$ ) flame & a mo/ int5se light4 ,he _h obs]v$ t al?\gh pota% :5 dry is a non-conductor1 x readily conducts :5 x becomes damp by exposure to air1 & 9 ?is /ate 8fuses & decomposes by /rong electrical p[]s40 8,a small piece ( pure pota%1 :i* _h be5 expos$ = a few seconds to ! atmosph]e1 s z to give conduct+ p[] to ! surface 0 plac$ ^u an insulat$ disc ( plat9a1 connect$ ) ! negative side ( ! batt]y ( ! p[] ( #bej ( #f & #d1 9 a /ate ( int5se activity2,g & a plat9a wire communicat+ ) ! positive side 0 br\ght 9 contact ) ! upp] surface ( ! alkali4444 8,"u ^! circum/ances a vivid action 0 soon obs]v$ to take place4 ,! pota% began to fuse at bo? its po9ts ( electrization4 ,!re 0 a viol5t eff]vesc5ce at ! upp] surface2 at ! l[]1 or negative surface1 !re 0 no lib]ation ( ela/ic fluid2 b small globules hav+ a high metallic lu/re1 & be+ precisely simil> 9 visible *>act]s to quicksilv] appe>$1 "s ( :i* burnt ) explosion & bright flame1 z soon z !y 7 =m$1 & o!rs rema9$1 & 7 m]ely t>ni%$1 & f9ally cov]$ by a :ite film :i* =m$ on _! surfaces40 ,g ,x is frequ5tly /at$ t ,davy 0 enabl$ to isolate ! metals ( ! alkalis because ( ! l>ge & p[]ful voltaic batt]y :i* he _h at 8 disposal 9 ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,?is is n correct4 ,! batt]y he employ$ 0 ( v mod]ate dim5sions1 & n by any means extraord9>y 9 p[]4 ,x 0 ! success he ?us a*iev$ t caus$ ! l>ge batt]y1 :i* is probably ref]r$ to1 to be con/ruct$1 by special subscription1 9 #ahji4 ,! plat9a1 z su*1 01 he f\nd1 9 no way connect$ ) ! result3 a sub/ance ( ! same k9d 0 produc$ :5 copp]1 silv]1 gold1 plumbago1 or ev5 *>coal 0 employ$ = complet+ ! circuit4 8,soda :5 act$ ^u 9 ! same mann] z pota%1 exhibit$ an analog\s result2 b ! decomposition dem&$ great] int5sity ( action 9 ! batt]ies1 or ! alkali 0 requir$ to be 9 mu* ?9n] & small] pieces40 8,! sub/ance produc$ f pota% rema9$ fluid at ! temp]ature ( ! atmosph]e at ! "t ( its production2 t f soda1 :i* 0 fluid 9 ! degree ( heat ( ! alkali dur+ its =mation1 became solid on cool+1 & appe>$ hav+ ! lu/re ( silv]40 ,x w\ld seem f 8 description ( its prop]ties t ! potassium he obta9$ 0 mo/ probably alloy$ ) sodium d]iv$ f impure pota%4 ,potassium is solid up to #adc ,f42 b1 z ,davy subsequ5tly f\nd1 an alloy ( potassium & sodium is fluid at ord9>y temp]atures4 ,:5 ! potassium 0 expos$ to air its metallic lu/re 0 imm$iately de/roy$1 & x 0 ultimately :olly reconv]t$ into pota% by absorption ( oxyg5 & moi/ure4 ,) ! sub/ance f soda ! appe>ance & effects 7 analog\s4 ,:5 heat$ 9 oxyg5 to a suffici5tly high temp]ature1 bo? sub/ances burnt ) a brilliant :ite flame4 ,on acc\nt ( _! alt]ability on exposure to air1 ,davy _h consid]able difficulty 9 pres]v+ & conf9+ !m s z to exam9e ! prop]ties ( ! new sub/ances4 ,z he says1 l ! alkahe/s imag9$ by ! al*emi/s1 !y act$ m or less ^u almo/ e body to :i* !y 7 expos$4 ,he ev5tually f\nd t !y might be pres]v$ 9 naph?a4 ,! 8basis0 ( pota% at #ej ,f4 0 a s(t & malleable solid ) ! lu/re ( poli%$ silv]4 8,at ab\t ! freez+ po9t ( wat] x becomes h>d] & brittle1 & :5 brok5 9 fragm5ts1 exhibits a cry/alliz$ texture1 :i* 9 ! microscope seems compos$ ( beautiful facets ( a p]fect :it5ess & high metallic spl5d\r40 ,x may be conv]t$ into vap\r at a temp]ature approa*+ a r$-heat1 & may be di/ill$ un*ang$2 x is a p]fect conductor ( electricity & an excell5t conductor ( heat4 ,its mo/ m>k$ diff]5ce f ! common run ( metals 0 its extraord9>ily l[ specific gravity4 ,davy endeav\r$ to ga9 an approximation to its relative weight by comp>+ ! weight ( a globule ) t ( an equal-siz$ globule ( m]cury4 8,tak+ ! mean ( #d exp]im5ts1 conduct$ ) great c>e1 its specific gravity at #fb ,fahr5heit1 is to t ( m]cury z #aj to #bbc1 :i* gives a proportion to t ( wat] ne>ly z #f to #aj2 s t x is ! lighte/ fluid body kn[n4 ,9 its solid =m x is a little heavi]40 ,al?\gh no great /ress c be laid on numb]s s obta9$1 !y s]ve to indicate t ,davy _h n yet obta9$ ! pure metal4 ,! real ratio ( ! specific gravities ( potassium & m]cury is z #aj to #aed4 ,an acc\nt is !n giv5 ( ! behavi\r ( potassium t[>ds oxyg51 oxymuriatic acid gas *lor9e1 hydrog51 wat]1 alcohol1 e!r1 ! v>i\s m9]al acids1 phosphorus1 sulphur1 m]cury1 a numb] ( metallic oxides1 & ! v>i\s =ms ( glass4 ,! 8basis0 ( soda is describ$ z a :ite opaque sub/ance ( ! lu/re & g5]al appe>ance ( silv]4 ,x is s(t & malleable1 & is a good conductor ( heat & electricity4 ,its specific gravity 0 f\nd by flotation 9 a mixture ( oil ( sassafras & naph?a to be #jicdh 7! true specific gravity ( sodium is #jigd74 ,x 0 f\nd to fuse at ab\t #ahj ,f4 7! real melt+-po9t ( sodium is #aige74 ,its action on a numb] ( sub/ances--oxyg51 hydrog51 wat]1 etc4--is !n describ$1 & its g5]al behavi\r contra/$ ) t ( ! 8basis0 ( pota%4 ,davy !n attempt$1 by syn!tical exp]im5ts1 to det]m9e ! am\nt ( ! 8metallic bases0 9 pota% & soda respectively1 &1 consid]+ ! extremely small quantities he _h to op]ate ^u1 ! results are fairly accurate4 ,he !n ent]s ^u "s g5]al obs]vations on ! relations ( ! 8bases0 ( pota% & soda to o!r bodies4 8,%\ld ! bases ( pota% & soda be call$ metals8 ,! great] numb] ( philosophical p]sons to :om ?is "q has be5 put1 h answ]$ 9 ! affirmative4 ,!y agree ) metals 9 opacity1 lu/re1 malleability1 conduct+ p[]s z to heat & electricity1 & 9 _! qualities ( *emical comb9ation4 8,_! l[ specific gravity does n appe> a suffici5t reason = mak+ !m a new class2 = among/ ! metals !mselves !re are rem>kable diff]5ces 9 ?is respect1 444 & 9 ! philosophical division ( ! classes ( bodies1 ! analogy betwe5 ! great] numb] ( prop]ties mu/ always be ! f\ndation ( arrangem5t4 8,on ?is idea1 9 nam+ ! bases ( pota% & soda1 x w be prop] to adopt ! t]m9ation :i*1 by common cons5t1 has be5 appli$ to o!r newly discov]$ metals1 & :i*1 ?\gh orig9ally ,lat91 is n[ naturaliz$ 9 our language4 8,potasium sic & sodium are ! names by :i* ,i h v5tur$ to call ! new sub/ances2 & :atev] *anges ( !ory1 ) reg>d to ! composition ( bodies1 may h]eaft] take place1 ^! t]ms c sc>cely express an error2 = !y may be consid]$ z imply+ simply ! metals produc$ f pota% & soda4 ,i h consult$ ) _m ( ! mo/ em95t sci5tific p]sons 9 ?is c\ntry1 ^u ! me?ods ( d]ivation1 & ! "o ,i h adopt$ has be5 ! "o mo/ g5]ally approv$4 ,x is p]haps m significant ?an elegant4 ,b x 0 n possible to f\nd names ^u specific prop]ties n common to bo?2 & ?\gh a "n = ! basis ( soda might h be5 borr[$ f ! ,greek1 yet an analog\s "o c\ld n h be5 appli$ to t ( pota%1 = ! anci5ts d n seem to h di/+ui%$ betwe5 ! two alkalies40 ,he ?9ks !re is ! great] necessity = avoid+ any !oretical views 9 t]ms because ! "t is yet f> di/ant = a complete g5]alisation ( *emical facts1 & al?\gh ! antiphlogi/ic explanation ( ! ph5om5a has be5 uni=mly adopt$1 ! motive = employ+ x has be5 r a s5se ( its beauty & precision ?an a conviction ( its p]man5cy & tru?4 8,! discov]y ( ! ag5cies ( ! gases de/roy$ ! hypo!sis ( ,/ahl4 ,! k ( ! p[]s & effects ( ! e!rial sub/ances may at a future "t possibly act a simil> "p ) reg>d to ! m ref9$ & +5i\s hypo!sis ( ,lavoisi]2 b 9 ! pres5t /ate ( our k1 x appe>s ! be/ approximation t has be5 made to a p]fect logic ( *emi/ry40 ,l$ by analogy1 ,davy soon conv9c$ himself t ! volatile alkali--ammonia--also conta9$ oxyg51 & 9 am\nt n less ?an #g or #h p] c5t4 ,x is n necess>y to g into detail conc]n+ ! exp]im5ts on :i* ?is errone\s conclusion 0 f\nd$4 ,davy 0 subsequ5tly made aw>e ( 8 error2 b at ! "t he seem$ anxi\s to ov]turn--z1 inde$1 he did 9 ! end1 b on o!r gr\nds--! ,lavoisi]ian doctr9e t oxyg5 0 ! pr9ciple ( acidity1 by %[+ t x 0 equally ! pr9ciple ( alkalesc5ce4 ,9 conclud+ 8 pap]1 he m5tions t he has begun exp]im5ts on ! alkal9e e>?s4 8,f analogy alone x is reasonable to expect t ! alkal9e e>?s are comp\nds ( a simil> nature to ! fix$ alkalies1 peculi> highly combu/ible metallic bases unit$ to oxyg54 ,i h tri$ "s exp]im5ts ^u b>ytes & /rontites1 & !y g f> t[>ds prov+ t ?is mu/ be ! case40 8,b>ytes & /rontites h ! /ronge/ relations to ! fix$ alkalies ( any ( ! e>?y bodies2 b !re is a *a9 ( resemblances ?r\gh lime1 magnesia1 gluc9a1 alum9a1 & silex4 ,& by ! ag5cies ( batt]ies suffici5tly /rong1 & by ! application ( prop] circum/ances1 !re is no small reason to hope t ev5 ^! refractory bodies w yield _! elem5ts to ! me?ods ( analysis by electrical attraction & repulsion40 ,al?\gh c]ta9 ( ! conjectures ) :i* ! pap] t]m9ates h be5 prov$ to be errone\s1 o!rs h be5 %[n to be s\nd4 ,?us he po9ts out t ! metals ( ! alkalis w und\bt$ly prove p[]ful ag5ts = analysis3 8,hav+ an aff9ity = oxyg5 /rong] ?an any o!r kn[n sub/ances !y may possibly sup]s$e ! application ( electricity to "s ( ! undecomp\nd$ bodies40 ,su* is a brief summ>y ( ! cont5ts ( "o ( ! mo/ classical pap]s 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions4 ,its publication creat$ an extraord9>y s5sation1 n less pr(\nd1 & c]ta9ly m g5]al f ! v nature ( ! subject1 ?an t :i* foll[$ 8 fir/ ,bak]ian lecture4 ,t pota% & soda %\ld conta9 metals--& su* metals6--0 undreamt (1 & 0 a %ock to ! settl$ convictions ( p]sons :o1 l ! ,ab]donian pr(essor1 decl>$ t ?is 8ane ,davy 0 a v]a tr\blesome p]son 9 *emi/ry40 ,b ?is 8tr\blesome p]son0 _h well nigh ceas$ f tr\bl+ any m4 ,almo/ imm$iately aft] ! deliv]y ( 8 lecture he collaps$--/ruck d[n by an illness :i* ne>ly prov$ fatal1 & = weeks 8 life hung on a ?read4 ,he _h be5 9 a l[ fev]i% condition = "s "t previ\sly1 & a great dread _h fall5 ^u him t he %\ld die be=e he _h complet$ 8 discov]ies4 ,x 0 9 ?is condition ( body & m9d t he appli$ himself to ! task ( putt+ toge!r an acc\nt ( 8 results4 ,f\r days aft] ?is 0 giv5 to ! _w he took to 8 b$1 & he rema9$ !re = n9e weeks4 ,su* a bl[ foll[+ h>d on su* a triumph1 ar\s$ ! livelie/ sympa?y4 ,! doors ( ! ,royal ,in/itution 7 beset by anxi\s inquir]s4 ,8 physicians1 ,bab+ton1 ,frank1 & ,baillie1 t5d$ him ) ! greate/ assiduity4 ,mrs4 ,gre5wood1 ! h\sekeep]1 & 8 c\s91 ,edmund ,davy1 nurs$ him night & day4 ,s great 0 ! popul> feel+ t1 :5 he 0 at ! wor/1 writt5 reports ( 8 condition at v>i\s p]iods ( ! day _h to be po/$ 9 ! hall4 ,! /r5g? ( ! feel+ may be glean$1 too1 f ! s5t5ces ) :i* ,dr4 ,dibd9 began 8 lecture introductory to ! session ( #ahjh3-- 8,! ,manag]s ( ?is ,in/itution h reque/$ me to imp>t to y t intellig5ce1 :i* no "o :o is alive to ! be/ feel+s ( human nature c he> )\t ! mix$ emotions ( sorr[ & delight4 8,mr4 ,davy1 ^: frequ5t & p[]ful addresses f ?is place1 support$ by 8 +5i\s exp]im5ts1 h be5 s long & s well kn[n to y1 has = ! la/ five weeks be5 /ruggl+ betwe5 life & dea?4 ,! effects ( ^! exp]im5ts rec5tly made 9 illu/ration ( 8 late spl5did discov]y1 add$ to consequ5t bodily weakness1 br\ght on a fev] s viol5t z to ?reat5 ! ext9ction ( life4 ,ov] him x might emphatically be said 9 ! language ( our immortal ,milton1 t #8444 ,dea? 8 d>t ,%ook1 b delay$ to /rike4' 8,if x _h pleas$ ,provid5ce to deprive ! _w ( all fur!r b5efit f 8 orig9al tal5ts & int5se application !re has c]ta9ly be5 suffici5t already effect$ by him to entitle him to be class$ among ! brighte/ sci5tific lum9>ies ( 8 c\ntry40 ,aft] hav+ giv5 an outl9e ( ,davy's inve/igations 8at ! p>ticul> reque/ ( ! ,manag]s10 ,dr4 ,dibd9 proce$s3-- 8,^! may ju/ly be plac$ among/ ! mo/ brilliant & valuable discov]ies :i* h ev] be5 made 9 *emi/ry1 = a great *asm 9 ! *emical sy/em has be5 fill$ up2 a blaze ( light has be5 diffus$ ov] t "p :i* be=e 0 utt]ly d>k2 & new views h be5 op5$1 s num]\s & int]e/+1 t ! m any man :o is v]s$ 9 *emi/ry reflects on !m1 ! m he f9ds to admire & to height5 8 expectation ( future important results4 8,mr4 ,davy's "n1 9 consequ5ce ( ^! discov]ies1 w be always record$ 9 ! annals ( sci5ce among/ ^? ( ! mo/ illu/ri\s philosoph]s ( 8 "t4 ,8 c\ntry ) reason w be pr\d ( him1 & x is no small hon\r to ! ,royal ,in/itution t ^! great discov]ies h be5 made )9 its walls2 9 t laboratory1 & by ^? in/rum5ts1 :i* f ! zeal ( promot+ useful k h1 ) s mu* propriety1 be5 plac$ at ! disposal & = ! use ( its mo/ excell5t pr(essor ( *emi/ry40 ,dr4 ,dibd9 !n in=ms 8 auditors t ,davy's illness1 sev]e z x _h be51 0 n[ beg9n+ to abate1 & t x may be reasonably hop$ t ! p]iod ( convalesc5ce 0 n v remote4 ,8 bodily weakness1 h[ev]1 cont9u$ = "s "t1 & x 0 n until ! middle ( ,m>* t he 0 able to resume 8 duties z lectur]4 ,8 m9d1 z 8 note-books %[1 mu* m quickly recov]$ its wont$ vig\r4 ,p]haps x 0 9 t condition ( melan*oly & debility produc$ by sickness1 :i* he reg>d$ z fav\rable to intellectual ex]tion1 :51 z he says1 8! m9d necess>ily becomes contemplative :5 ! body is no long] active1 & ! empire ( s5sation yields to t ( imag9ation10 t he f9i%$ ! poem beg9n+3-- 8,lo6 o'er ! e>? ! k9dl+ spirits p\r ,! flames ( life t b\nte\s ,nature gives2 ,! limpid dew becomes ! rosy fl[]1 ,! ins5sate du/ awakes1 & moves1 & lives40 ,x is too long to give "h1 b ( all 8 poetical effusions x is p]haps ! be/1 z x c]ta9ly is ! mo/ highly-poli%$4 ,"o pro( ( :at ,davy 0 to ! ,royal ,in/itution is se5 9 ! position to :i* x 0 r$uc$ 9 consequ5ce ( 8 protract$ illness4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! previ\s ,decemb] ! ,manag]s made ! foll[+ ann\ncem5t3-- 8,mr4 ,davy1 hav+ be5 conf9$ to 8 b$ ?is la/ =tnight by a sev]e illness1 ! ,manag]s are "u ! pa9ful necessity ( giv+ notice t ! lectures w n comm5ce until ! fir/ week ( ,janu>y next40 ,by ! int]ruption ( ! lectures ! income ( ! ,in/itution 0 greatly dim9i%$2 x fell f #d1ada 9 ! prec$+ ye> to #a1efj4 ,?is 0 ! l[-wat] m>k ( its f9ancial /ate4 ,h[ acute 0 ! condition may be se5 f ! report ( ! ,visitors 9 #ahjh4 ,davy1 al?\gh bett]1 0 /ill 9 b$1 conf9$ !re by ! want ( a s(a 9 8 room4 ,?is 0 n provid$ by ! ,manag]s until ,janu>y #be?1 :51 z ! m9utes tell u1 !y furni%$ him ) "o at a co/ ( ?ree gu9eas4 ,"o w\ld h ?\ght he might h _h ,albem>le ,/reet block$ ) s(as if "s ( ^? lady-fri5ds :o s5t him sonnets1 & intrigu$ = 8 company at _! salons1 _h only kn[n ( 8 condition4 ,! laboratory j\rnals %[ t on ,april #ai? he 0 able to resume 8 exp]im5ts1 & t he proce$$ to attack ! composition ( muriatic hydro*loric acid4 ,! note runs1 8,indications ( ! decomposition ( muriatic acid4 ,to use e ef=t to ensure accuracy 9 ! results40 ,he seems to h decompos$ muriatic acid gas by means ( *>coal t]m9als1 & also to h act$ on a mixture ( dry calcium *loride & m]cury4 ,on ,june #cj? he contribut$ a pap] to ! ,royal ,society on 8,electro-,*emical ,rese>*es on ! ,decomposition ( ! ,e>?s2 ) ,obs]vations on ! ,metals obta9$ f ! alkal9e ,e>?s1 & on ! ,amalgam procur$ f ,ammonia40 ,t ! e>?s w\ld turn out to be relat$ to ! metals 0 surmis$ by ,be*] & ,/ahl4 ,boyle consid]$ x possible t metals might be produc$ f !m1 & ,neumann describ$ unsuccessful exp]im5ts to obta9 a metal f quicklime4 ,b]gman imag9$ t b>yta 0 a metallic calx1 & ,b>on t alum9a conta9$ a metal4 ,! supposition t ! calces 7 all comp\nds ( metals 01 ( c\rse1 a "p ( ! antiphlogi/ic doctr9e2 b ,lavoisi] nev] haz>d$ any conjecture z to ! nature ( pota% & soda4 ,x w5t almo/ )\t say+ !re=e t :5 ,davy _h demon/rat$ ! real "* ( ! fix$ alkalis1 ! alkal9e e>?s w\ld be f\nd to h an analog\s con/itution4 ,! attempts made by ,davy to decompose ! alkal9e e>?s by me?ods simil> to ^? adopt$ 9 ! case ( pota% or soda 7 n v successful1 & x 0 only :5 he _h receiv$ intimation f ,b]zelius t !y might be procur$ 9 ! =m ( amalgams by op]at+ 9 contact ) m]cury t he obta9$ any decisive results4 ,9 no case1 h[ev]1 0 he able to prep>e a pure metal1 & 8 description ( ! physical prop]ties ( ! sub/ances he actually procur$ is exce$+ly meagre4 ,he seems to h be5 satisfi$ = ! mom5t 9 demon/rat+ t-- 8,! evid5ce = ! composition ( ! alkal9e e>?s is ( ! same k9d z t = ! composition ( ! common metallic oxides2 & ! pr9ciples ( _! decomposition are precisely simil>1 ! inflammable matt]s 9 all cases sep>at+ at ! negative surface 9 ! voltaic circuit1 & ! oxyg5 at ! positive surface40 8,^! new sub/ances w dem& names2 & on ! same pr9ciples z ,i h nam$ ! bases ( ! fix$ alkalies1 potassium & sodium1 ,i %all v5ture to d5om9ate ! metals f ! alkal9e e>?s b>ium1 /rontium1 calcium & magnium2 ! la/ ( ^! words is und\bt$ly objectionable b magnesium has be5 already appli$ to metallic manganese by ,b]gman & w\ld consequ5tly h be5 an equivocal t]m40 ,h[ev]1 z he /ates 9 8 8,elem5ts ( ,*emical ,philosophy10 8! c&id criticisms ( "s philosophical fri5ds0 induc$ him to subsequ5tly *ange ! "n to magnesium4 ,he next made 8,inquiries ,relative to ! ,decomposition ( ,alum9e1 ,silex1 ,zircone1 & ,gluc9e10 b al?\gh he made a l>ge numb] ( trials1 ! results 7 equivocal4 8,_h ,i be5 s =tunate10 he says1 8z to h obta9$ m c]ta9 evid5ces on ?is subject1 & to h procur$ ! metallic sub/ances ,i 0 9 se>* (1 ,i %\ld h propos$ = !m ! names ( silicium1 alumium1 zirconium1 & glucium40 ,"o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ sections ( ! pap] relates to ! production ( a s-call$ amalgam f ammonia1 fir/ obta9$ by ,b]zelius & ,pont94 ,?is curi\s sub/ance has be5 ! subject ( mu* inve/igation1 & little d\bt is n[ ent]ta9$ t x is m]ely a m]curial fro?1 z fir/ /at$ by ,daniell--t is1 m]cury di/5d$ by ammonia & hydrog5 gases4 ,davy1 h[ev]1 saw 9 x ! pro( ( ! pres5ce ( oxyg5 9 ammonia1 & ( ! exi/5ce ( :at he call$ 8! comp\nd basis0 ( ammonia4 ,he says3-- 8,! m ! prop]ties ( ! amalgam obta9$ f ammonia are consid]$ ! m extraord9>y d !y appe>4 ,m]cury by comb9ation ) ab\t #a_/abjjj "p ( its weight ( new matt] is r5d]$ a solid1 yet has its specific gravity dim9i%$ f #ace to #c1 & x reta9s all its metallic *>act]s2 its col\r1 lu/re1 opacity1 & conduct+ p[]s rema9+ unimpair$4 ,x is sc>cely possible to conceive t a sub/ance :i* =ms ) m]cury s p]fect an amalgam1 %\ld n be metallic 9 its own nature2 & on ?is idea to assi/ ! discussion conc]n+ x1 x may be conv5i5tly t]m$ ammonium40 ,davy's t]m 8ammonium0 is /ill reta9$ 9 *emical nom5clature1 b !re is at pres5t no evid5ce = ! indep5d5t exi/5ce ( su* an entity2 ! s-call$ ammonium amalgam is c]ta9ly no pro(4 ,on ,decemb] #ae?1 #ahjh1 he deliv]$ 8 ?ird ,bak]ian lecture4 ,x 0 entitl$ 8,an ,acc\nt ( "s new analytical ,rese>*es on ! ,nature ( c]ta9 ,bodies1 p>ticul>ly ! ,alkalies1 ,phosphorus1 ,sulphur1 ,c>bonace\s ,matt]1 & ! ,acids hi!rto undecomp\nd$1 ) "s g5]al ,obs]vations on ,*emical ,!ory40 ,al?\gh ?is is "o ( ! longe/ & mo/ lab\r$ ( ,davy's pap]s1 x is1 p]haps1 "o ( ! lea/ satisfactory4 ,x is a record ( _m exp]im5ts ) few def9ite results4 ,few z ^! 71 !y yet pav$ ! way = consequ5ces ( ! greate/ importance4 ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d1 on ! publication ( ,davy's second ,bak]ian lecture1 succe$$ 9 devis+ a me?od by :i* l>g] quantities ( potassium might be obta9$ ?an by ! electrolytic process4 ,x consi/$ 9 pass+ molt5 pota% ov] heat$ metallic iron & cond5s+ ! volatilis$ potassium 9 naph?a4 ,on heat+ potassium 9 ammonia1 !y f\nd t hydrog5 0 obta9$ toge!r ) pota%1 :5ce !y conclud$ t potassium 0 a hydruret ( pota%4 ,?is exp]im5t 0 repeat$ by ,davy2 he obs]v$ ! =mation ( a sub/ance s9ce kn[n z potassamide1 & completely disprov$ ! conjecture ( ! ,fr5* *emi/s4 ,8 exp]im5ts on sulphur1 phosphorus1 & ! v>i\s =ms ( c>bon 71 h[ev]1 :olly fallaci\s1 & 8 conclusions z to ! non-elem5t>y nature ( ^! sub/ances 7 errone\s1 & 7 subsequ5tly correct$ by him4 ,8 "w on ! decomposition ( boracic acid is1 h[ev]1 accurate1 & he has e "r to be consid]$ z an indep5d5t discov]]1 ) ,!n>d1 ( ! elem5t subsequ5tly call$ by him boron4 ,at fir/ ,davy 0 incl9$ 8to consid] ! boracic basis z metallic 9 its nature10 & to propose = x ! "n ( boracium4 ,8 exp]im5ts ) 8fluoric acid0 7 vitiat$ by ! circum/ance t he work$ ) a mixture ( hydr(luoric acid & silicon fluoride4 ,unwitt+ly he obta9$ small quantities ( silicon1 al?\gh he fail$ to recognise ! individuality ( ?is sub/ance4 ,nor 7 ! exp]im5ts ) muriatic acid m decisive4 ,incid5tally he obta9$ ! two *lorides ( phosphorus1 b = a "t _! true nature escap$ him1 al?\gh he gives a fairly accurate description ( _! ma9 prop]ties4 ,! pap]1 al?\gh conta9+ an acc\nt ( mu* exp]im5tal "w1 0 evid5tly put toge!r 9 ha/e2 x w\ld h be5 bett] = 8 reputation _h he delay$ its publication4 ,he seems to h be5 consci\s ( its imp]fections1 & to h s\ght to /r5g!n 8 conclusions by new exp]im5ts :i* he gives 9 an app5dix4 ,^!1 s f> f sub/antiat+ 8 views1 increas$ 8 d\bts1 & x is rem>kable h[ he mis9t]pret$ ! ph5om5a he obs]v$4 ,?us 9 "o s]ies ( exp]im5ts he obta9$ consid]able quantities ( ! 8alcohol ( sulphur ( ,lampadius10 & attempt$ to asc]ta9 its nature1 b 8 preconceptions z to ! non-elem5t>y nature ( c>bon & sulphur prev5t$ him f recognis+ t x is a sulphide ( c>bon4 ,"o explanation ( ?is unt[>d ha/e is to be f\nd 9 ! position 9 :i* ,davy 0 plac$4 ,he simply hung]$ = sci5tific fame1 & 8 appetite grew by :at x f$ on4 ,!re 0 at ! "t ! mo/ int5se _s ( rivalry betwe5 ! ,engli% & ,fr5* *emi/s--x 0 a phase ( ! national feel+ :i* actuat$ ! two peoples--&1 9 spite ( 8 phrases1 ,davy ke5ly felt :at he consid]$ an intrusion into 8 own field ( "w4 ,8 illness _h ?r[n him back1 & ! ,fr5* *emi/s _h /ol5 a m>* on him 9 ! meantime4 ,moreov]1 he _h ,b]zelius on 8 flank4 ,all ^! circum/ances1 :il/ !y impell$ him to activity1 7 unfav\rable 9 a man ( ,davy's temp]am5t to ! incubatory p]iod1 8! wambl+ 9 ! wame0 process1 :i* is (t5 ne$$ be=e ! true aspect & mean+ ( ?+s are p]ceiv$2 & !re is no d\bt t ! fe> ( be+ anticipat$ urg$ him to ! expression ( hypo!ses & surmises :i* at a lat] & calm] p]iod he regrett$ & r5\nc$4 ,b su* 0 8 position 9 ,engl& at ?is p]iod1 t a ,bak]ian lecture seem$ to be expect$ f him at ea* succe$+ session ( ! ,royal ,society z a matt] ( c\rse1 & he 0 always ready to respond to ! expectation1 ev5 if he did n inv>iably satisfy x4 ,on ,novemb] #af?1 #ahji1 he read 8 f\r? ,bak]ian lecture4 ,x 0 8,on "s new ,electro*emical ,rese>*es on v>i\s ,objects1 p>ticul>ly ! metallic ,bodies1 f ! ,alkalies & ,e>?s1 & on "s ,comb9ations ( ,hydrog5e40 ,he beg9s by aga9 draw+ att5tion to ! v>i\s surmises :i* _h be5 made respect+ ! true nature ( potassium & sodium4 ,al?\gh ^! sub/ances _h be5 isolat$1 & 9 ! h&s ( *emi/s = upw>ds ( two ye>s1 _! prop]ties 7 s extraord9>y :5 comp>$ ) ^? ( ! metals 9 g5]al1 t _m philosoph]s hesitat$ to consid] !m z true metals4 ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d1 z already m5tion$1 reg>d$ !m z comp\nds ( pota% or soda ) hydrog52 ,curaudau z comb9ations ( c>bon or c>bon & hydrog5 ) ! alkalis2 :il/ an +5i\s inquir] 9 ?is c\ntry communicat$ to ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal 8 belief t !y 7 really compos$ ( oxyg5 & hydrog56 ,davy1 9 ! light ( ! full] k he obta9$ f ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d's pap] 9 ! 8,mem4 d',arcueil0--a copy ( :i* he ow$ to ,b]?ollet--_h no difficulty 9 aga9 prov+ 8t by ! op]ation ( potassium ^u ammonia1 x is n a metallic body t is decomp\nd$1 b ! volatile alkali1 & t ! hydrog5 produc$ does n arise f ! potassium1 z is ass]t$ by ! ,fr5* *emi/s1 b f ! ammonia40 ,m4 ,curaudau's hypo!sis is %[n to be bas$ ^u ! accid5tal association ( naph?a ) ! metals he employ$4 ,9 repeat+ "s exp]im5ts ( ,ritt]'s1 design$ to %[ t potassium conta9$ hydrog51 ,davy 0 l$ to ! discov]y ( tellurett$ hydrog51 ! prop]ties ( :i* he describes 9 "s detail4 ,tellurium at t "t 0 reg>d$ z a metal1 b ,davy po9ts out its /rong analogies to sulphur1 ) :i* elem5t1 inde$1 x is n[ class$4 ,incid5tally he ?r[s light ^u ! nature ( ! intol]ably fetid product kn[n z 8! fum+ liquor ( ,cadet10 obta9$ by di/ill+ acetate ( pota% ) ars5i\s oxide4 ,on acc\nt ( its extreme inflammability1 x 0 ?\ght by ,davy t ?is liquid might possibly be a pyrophorus or volatile alloy ( potassium & ars5ic4 8,f a repetition ( ! process ,i f9d t ?\gh pota% is decomp\nd$ 9 ?is op]ation yet t ! volatile sub/ance is n an alloy ( potassium b conta9s *>coal & ars5ic probably ) hydrog54 ,! gases n absorbable by wat] giv5 (f 9 ?is op]ation are peculi>4 ,_! smell is int5sely fetid4 ,!y are inflammable1 & seem to conta9 *>coal1 ars5ic & hydrog53 :e!r !y are mixtures ( v>i\s gases1 or a s+le comp\nd1 ,i am n at pres5t able to decide40 ,s f> z x goes1 ?is description ( ! nature ( ! sub/ance is correct2 x 0 ,buns51 9 #ahcg1 :o fir/ demon/rat$ ! real "* ( 8! fum+ liquor ( ,cadet40 ,! pap] is notewor?y = ! cle> di/9ction :i* is drawn = ! fir/ "t betwe5 pota% hydrate 7potassium hydroxide ( mod]n nom5clature7 & potassium oxide1 ! product =m$ by heat+ ! metal 9 ord9>y oxyg54 ,!re is mu* 9 ! re/ ( ! pap] t is +5i\s & sugge/ive1 & n a few isolat$ facts t seem to h be5 lo/ sight (1 or r$iscov]$ by subsequ5t obs]v]s1 su*1 = example1 z ! action ( potassium ^u metallic iron--an action :i* has vitiat$ ! attempts to det]m9e ! vap\r d5sity ( t metal 9 iron vessels4 ,x is curi\s to note ) :at p]si/5cy ,davy cl+s to ! belief t nitrog5 w turn out to be a comp\nd sub/ance1 & ) :at p]t9acity he importunes x to give up its compon5ts4 ,at times he ?9ks he is on ! v]ge ( pro(4 8,i hope on ,?ursday10 he wrote to 8 fri5d ,*ildr51 8to %[ y nitrog5 z a complete wreck1 torn to pieces 9 diff]5t ways40 ,b /ill nitrog51 ) t passive immutability :i* is *>act]i/ic ( x1 9 spite ( e =m ( torture1 rema9$ :ole & indissoluble4 ,on ?is po9t he wrote 9 ! ,laboratory ,j\rnal "u date ,febru>y #ae?3--8,7 a description1 inde$1 to be giv5 ( all ! exp]im5ts ,i h made1 ( all ! difficulties ,i h enc\nt]$1 ( ! d\bts t h occurr$1 & ! hypo!ses =m$----40 ,b ! s5t5ce 0 n f9i%$4 ,! attack 0 r5ew$ & cont9u$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ! spr+ & summ]1 until1 fairly baffl$1 ,davy confess$ himself beat51 & turn$ 8 att5tion to o!r matt]s4 ,! condition ( 8 laboratory at ?is "t may be glean$ f ! foll[+ note 9 ! ,j\rnal3-- 8,objects mu* want$ 9 ! laboratory ( ! ,royal ,in/itution3 cleanl9ess1 neatness & regul>ity4 8,! laboratory mu/ be clean$ e morn+ :5 op]ations are go+ on be=e t5 o'clock4 8,x is ! bus9ess ( ,w4 ,payne to d ?is1 & x is ! duty ( ,mr4 ,e4 ,davy to see t x is done & to take c>e ( & keep 9 ord] ! app>atus4 8,!re mu/ be 9 ! laboratory p51 ink1 pap]1 & waf]s1 & ^! mu/ n be kept 9 ! slov5ly mann] 9 :i* !y are usually kept4 ,i am n[ writ+ ) a p5 & ink su* z 0 nev] us$ 9 any o!r place40 ,!n foll[s a li/ ( articles want+1 8includ+ mo/ ( ! common metallic & sal9e solutions40 8,! laboratory is con/antly 9 a /ate ( dirt & confusion4 8,!re mu/ be a roll] ) a co>se t[el = wa%+ ! h&s & a bas9 ( wat] & soap1 & e week at lea/ a :ole morn+ mu/ be devot$ to ! inspection & ord]+ ( ! voltaic batt]y40 ,x w\ld be int]e/+ to "k ! comm5ts ( ! p]sons nam$ 9 ?is note z to ! cause ( ! dirt & confusion :i* reign$ 9 ! laboratory4 ,davy 0 p]fectly reckless ) app>atus2 ) him to ?9k 0 to act1 & he frequ5tly _h half a doz5 exp]im5ts go+ on simultane\sly1 ^u disconnect$ p>ts ( ! same inquiry4 ,anyone :o has _h ! opportunity ( see+ 8 laboratory notes1 or ( glanc+ ov] ! r\gh drafts ( 8 memoirs1 :i* h be5 pres]v$ by ! pi\s c>e ( ,f>aday1 w appreciate ! significance ( ! rem>ks ^u 8 writ+ mat]ials4 ,8 usual me?od ( erasure 0 by dipp+ 8 f+] 9 ! ink-pot2 &1 if we may be p>don$ ! use ( ! colloquialism1 he 0 simply 8,dea? on p5s60 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,*lor9e4 ,! rivalry betwe5 ! ,fr5* & ,engli% *emi/s cont9u$1 b x took a new dep>ture4 ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d _h /ol5 a m>* on ,davy by _! discov]y ( a *emical me?od ( mak+ ! metals ( ! alkalis1 :]eby !y 7 able to use ^! metals z *emical reag5ts to great] advantage2 b ! tables 7 quickly turn$4 ,on ,july #ab?1 #ahaj1 ,davy read to ! ,royal ,society 8 memorable pap] 8,on ! oxymuriatic ,acid1 its ,nature & ,comb9ations2 & on ! ,elem5ts ( ! muriatic ,acid2 ) "s ,exp]im5ts on ,sulphur & ,phosphorus1 made 9 ! ,laboratory ( ! ,royal ,in/itution40 ,?is pap]1 9 :i* he fir/ demon/rates ! nature ( *lor9e1 is v %ort--only "s tw5ty-six qu>to pages--b x is unque/ionably "o ( ! mo/ brilliant1 z x is "o ( ! mo/ =cible ( 8 productions4 ,davy is "h se5 at 8 be/4 ,he is bold & yet w>y1 & z dext]\s z tr5*ant2 s confid5t is he 9 ! /r5g? ( 8 position t he ca/s aside e argum5t t might tell 9 8 fav\r1 unless x is bas$ on ! mo/ unimpea*able evid5ce4 ,x is difficult to "k :at to admire mo/--! cle>ness ( p]ception1 ! precision ( ! /atem5t1 ! /rictness ( ! logic1 ! aptness ( ! illu/ration1 or ! argum5tative skill ) :i* ! :ole is m>%all$ & pres5t$4 ,z a piece ( induction1 ! memoir is a model ( its k9d1 & z an ex]cise 9 8! sci5tific use ( ! imag9ation0 x has few equals4 ,mo/ sci5tific pap]s w /& a consid]able am\nt ( w9n[+1 & !re is no assay-ma/] m scrupul\sly /rict ?an ,"t4 8,! m a sci5ce advances1 ! m x becomes conc5trat$ 9 little books10 says ,leibnitz2 b ! mo/ fa/idi\s ( critics might read & re-read ?is "w )\t wi%+ to omit or am5d a s5t5ce4 ,e *emical /ud5t to-day is told t ! elem5t>y nature ( *lor9e 0 fir/ demon/rat$ by ,davy1 & if ! /ud5t is in=m$ :at ,davy meant by ! t]m 8elem5t10 ! /atem5t is n incorrect4 ,:at1 h[ev]1 ,davy actually did 0 to demon/rate t ! sub/ance call$ oxymuriatic acid conta9$ no oxyg52 t x 0 a peculi> sub/ance :i* 8has n z yet be5 decomp\nd$10 & !re=e is 8elem5t>y z f> z our k ext5ds40 ,! v "* ( ! "n :i* he sugge/$ indicates ?is cauti\s & philosophical view4 ,9 mak+ ! sugge/ion1 he says3-- 8,to call a body :i* is n kn[n to conta9 oxyg5 & :i* _c conta9 muriatic acid1 oxymuriatic acid1 is contr>y to ! pr9ciples ( t nom5clature 9 :i* x is adopt$2 & an alt]ation ( x seems necess>y to assi/ ! progress ( discussion1 & to diffuse j ideas on ! subject4 ,if ! great discov]] ( ?is sub/ance ,s*eele1 :o fir/ obs]v$ x 9 #aggd _h signifi$ x by any simple "n1 x w\ld h be5 prop] to h recurr$ to x2 b1 dephlogi/icat$ m>9e acid is a t]m :i* c h>dly be adopt$ 9 ! pres5t advanc$ era ( ! sci5ce4 8,aft] consult+ "s ( ! mo/ em95t *emical philosoph]s 9 ?is c\ntry1 x has be5 judg$ mo/ prop] to sugge/ a "n f\nd$ ^u "o ( its obvi\s & *>act]i/ic prop]ties--its col\r1 & to call x *lor9e1 or *loric gas4,h 8,%\ld x h]eaft] be discov]$ to be comp\nd1 & ev5 to conta9 oxyg51 ?is "n c imply no error1 & _c necess>ily require a *ange40 ,h ,f 4 ,z ! actual facts & argum5ts on :i* ,davy bas$ 8 views are seldom set =? 9 text-books1 or pres5t$ to ! /ud5t by tea*]s1 x may be desirable to give a detail$ acc\nt ( 8 fam\s memoir4 ,he beg9s by say+3-- 8,! illu/ri\s discov]] ( ! oxymuriatic acid consid]$ x z muriatic acid fre$ f hydrog52 & ! common muriatic acid z a comp\nd ( hydrog5 & oxymuriatic acid2 & on ?is !ory he d5om9at$ oxymuriatic acid dephlogi/icat$ muriatic acid4 8,m4 ,b]?ollet1 a few ye>s aft] ! discov]y ( ,s*eele1 made a numb] ( important & curi\s exp]im5ts on ?is body2 f :i* he conclud$ t x 0 compos$ ( muriatic acid & oxyg52 & ?is idea = ne>ly tw5ty ye>s has be5 almo/ univ]sally adopt$40 ,hav+ ?us accurately /at$ ! position1 he proce$s to attack x4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 he po9ts out t ,h5ry1 t5 ye>s be=e1 _h %[n t hydrog5 c\ld be produc$ f muriatic acid gas by ! ag5cy ( electricity2 ?is hydrog5 0 assum$ by ,h5ry to be due to wat] conta9$ 9 ! gas4 ,davy1 9 8 ,bak]ian lecture ( #ahjh1 _h %[n t muriatic acid gas gave hydrog5 :5 treat$ ) potassium1 & he _h /at$ 8t muriatic acid c 9 no in/ance be procur$ f oxymuriatic gas1 or f dry muriates1 unless wat] or its elem5ts be pres5t40 ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d _h conclud$ 8t muriatic acid gas conta9s ab\t "o-qu>t] ( its weight ( wat]2 & t oxymuriatic acid is n decomposable by any sub/ances b hydrog51 or su* z c =m triple comb9ations ) x40 ,he !n po9ts out1 :at he _h already /at$ 9 a =m] pap]1 t *>coal fre$ f hydrog5 & moi/ure by int5se ignition 9 vacuo may be heat$ to :it5ess by ! voltaic batt]y 9 oxymuriatic or muriatic acid gases )\t affect+ any *ange 9 !m4 ,x n[ occurr$ to him t if ! liquor ( ,libavius 7/annic *loride7 is a comb9ation ( muriatic acid & oxide ( t91 z !n surmis$1 oxide ( t9 ought to be sep>at$ f x by means ( ammonia4 ,on admitt+ ammonia gas to ! t9 *loride ov] m]cury1 ! sub/ances comb9$ ) great heat1 a :ite solid 0 obta9$2 8"s ( x 0 heat$ to asc]ta9 if x conta9$ oxide ( t91 b ! :ole volatilis$1 produc+ d5se pung5t fumes40 ,! exp]im5t 0 repeat$ ) e c>e1 b no oxide ( t9 c\ld be obta9$4 ,he 0 next l$ to /udy ! behavi\r ( ammonia ) ! sub/ances he _h =m]ly obta9$1 by ! action ( oxymuriatic gas on phosphorus 7see p4 #abi74 ,"o ( ^! is solid1 & is n[ kn[n z phosphorus p5ta*loride2 ! o!r is liquid1 & is t]m$ phosphorus tri*loride4 8,! fir/10 he says1 8on ! g5]ally receiv$ !ory ( ! nature ( oxymuriatic acid1 mu/ be consid]$ z a comp\nd ( muriatic acid & phosphoric acid4 ,x occurr$ to me t if ! acids ( phosphorus really exi/$ 9 ^! comb9ations1 x w\ld n be difficult to obta9 !m1 & ?us to ga9 pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( oxyg5 9 oxymuriatic acid40 ,he !re=e br\ght ammonia gas into contact ) ! solid comp\nd ( oxymuriatic acid & phosphorus4 ,mu* heat 0 produc$1 & a :ite opaque p[d] 0 =m$4 8,suppos+ t ?is sub/ance 0 compos$ ( ! dry muriate & phosphate ( ammonia2 z muriate ( ammonia is v volatile1 & z ammonia is driv5 (f f phosphoric acid1 by a heat bel[ r$ness ,i conceiv$ t by ignit+ ! product obta9$ ,i %\ld procure phosphoric acid 444 b f\nd to my great surprise t x 0 n at all volatile nor decomposable at ?is degree ( heat1 & t x gave (f no gase\s matt]4 ,! circum/ance t a sub/ance compos$ pr9cipally ( oxymuriatic acid & ammonia %\ld resi/ decomposition or *ange at s high a temp]ature induc$ me to pay p>ticul> att5tion to ! prop]ties ( ?is new body40 ,:at he actually obta9$ 0 ma9ly a mixture ( ! s-call$ phospham & *lorophosphamide1 rem>kably /able sub/ances1 ! *>act]i/ic prop]ties ( :i* he describes ) accuracy4 ,he !n exam9$ ! action ( ammonia gas on sulphur *loride1 8! sulphurett$ muriatic liquor ( ,dr4 ,?omson10 b z ! comp\nds =m$ 8did n pres5t ! same uni=m & int]e/+ prop]ties z t f ! phosphoric sublimate1 ,i did n exam9e !m m9utely3 ,i cont5t$ myself by asc]ta9+ t no sub/ance kn[n to conta9 oxyg5 c\ld be procur$ f oxymuriatic acid 9 ?is mode ( op]ation40 ,he !n %[s t ammonia & oxymuriatic acid1 9 cond5s+ to sal ammoniac ) lib]ation ( nitrog51 contr>y to ! g5]al belief1 =m no wat]4 ,accord+ to ,cruick%ank1 :o appe>s to h be5 ! fir/ to make ! obs]vation1 8hydrog5\s gas0 requir$ r m ?an its own volume ( oxyg5at$ muriatic acid to saturate x :5 a mixture ( ! two 0 explod$ by means ( ! electric sp>k1 8! products be+ wat] & muriatic acid40 ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d _h /at$ t no wat] 0 ?us =m$4 8,i h attempt$10 says ,davy1 8to make ! exp]im5t /ill m ref9$ by dry+ ! oxymuriatic acid & ! hydrog5 by introduc+ !m into vessels conta9+ muriate ( lime calcium *loride & by suff]+ !m to comb9e at common temp]atures2 b ,i h nev] be5 able to avoid a slight cond5sation2 ?\gh 9 proportion z ! gases 7 free f oxyg5 or wat]1 ?is cond5sation dim9i%$4,i 8,,mm4 ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d h prov$ by a copi\s collection ( in/ances1 t 9 ! usual cases :]e oxyg5 is procur$ f oxymuriatic acid1 wat] is always pres5t1 & muriatic acid gas is =m$2 n[ z x is %ewn t oxymuriatic acid gas is conv]t$ into muriatic acid gas by comb9+ ) hydrog51 x is sc>cely possible to avoid ! conclusion1 t ! oxyg5 is d]iv$ f ! decomposition ( ! wat]1 & consequ5tly t ! idea ( ! exi/5ce ( wat] 9 muriatic acid gas1 is hypo!tical1 dep5d+ ^u an assumption :i* has n yet be5 prov$--! exi/5ce ( oxyg5 9 oxymuriatic acid gas4 8,,mm4 ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d inde$ h /at$ an exp]im5t1 :i* !y consid] z prov+ t muriatic acid gas conta9s "o-qu>t] ( its weight ( comb9$ wat]4 ,!y pass$ ?is gas ov] li?>ge1 & obta9$ s mu* wat]2 b x is obvi\s1 t 9 ?is case1 !y =m$ ! same comp\nd z t produc$ by ! action ( oxymuriatic acid on lead2 & 9 ?is process ! muriatic acid mu/ lose its hydrog5 & ! lead its oxyg52 :i* ( c\rse w\ld =m wat]2 ^! able *emi/s1 inde$1 f ! conclusion ( _! memoir1 seem aw>e1 t su* an explanation may be giv51 = !y say1 t ! oxymuriatic acid may be consid]$ z a simple body40 ,i ,!oretically1 !re %\ld be no contraction4 ,"o volume ( *lor9e comb9es ) "o volume ( hydrog5 to =m two volumes ( hydrog5 *loride muriatic acid gas4 ,dalton's law ( gase\s volumes _h be5 e/abli%$ by ,gay ,lussac be=e #ahaj4 ,he !n repeats ! exp]im5ts :i* fir/ l$ him to suspect ! exi/5ce ( comb9$ wat] 9 muriatic acid4 8,:5 m]cury is made to act ^u #a volume ( muriatic acid gas1 by voltaic electricity1 all ! acid disappe>s1 calomel is =m$1 & ab\t #e ( hydrog5 evolv$40 ,! same result is obta9$ by ! use ( potassium4 8,& 9 "s exp]im5ts made v c>efully by my bro!r1 ,mr4 ,john ,davy1 on ! decomposition ( muriatic acid gas1 by heat$ t9 & z9c1 hydrog51 equal to ab\t half its volume1 0 dis5gag$1 & metallic muriates1 ! same z ^? produc$ by ! combu/ion ( t9 & z9c 9 oxymuriatic gas1 result$40 8,x is evid5t f ?is s]ies ( obs]vations1 t ,s*eele's view 7?\gh obscur$ by t]ms d]iv$ f a vague & unf\nd$ g5]al !ory7 ( ! nature ( ! oxymuriatic & muriatic acids1 may be consid]$ z an expression ( facts2 :il/ ! view adopt$ by ! ,fr5* s*ool ( *emi/ry1 & :i*1 till x is m9utely exam9$1 appe>s s beautiful & satisfactory re/s 9 ! pres5t /ate ( our k ^u hypo!tical gr\nds40 ,he !n proce$s to expla9 ! action ( wat] ^u ! *lorides ( t91 & phosphorus2 & %[s t x is by ! decomposition ( ! wat] t ! hydrog5 is furni%$ to ! oxymuriatic acid1 & ! oxyg5 to ! t9 & phosphorus4 8,! vivid combu/ion ( bodies 9 oxymuriatic acid gas1 at fir/ view1 appe>s a reason :y oxyg5 %\ld be admitt$ 9 x2 b heat & light are m]ely results ( ! int5se ag5cy ( comb9ation4 ,sulphur & metals1 alkal9e e>?s & acids become ignit$ dur+ _! mutual ag5cy2 & su* an effect might be expect$ 9 an op]ation s rapid z t ( oxymuriatic acid ^u metals & inflammable bodies40 8,t ! quantity ( hydrog5 evolv$ dur+ ! decomposition ( muriatic acid gas by metals1 is ! same t w\ld be produc$ dur+ ! decomposition ( wat] by ! same bodies1 appe>s1 at fir/ view1 an evid5ce 9 fav\r ( ! exi/5ce ( wat] 9 muriatic acid gas2 b z !re is only "o kn[n comb9ation ( hydrog5 ) oxymuriatic acid1 "o quantity mu/ always be sep>at$4 ,hydrog5 is dis5gag$ f its oxymuriatic comb9ation by a metal1 9 ! same mann] z "o metal is dis5gag$ by ano!r f simil> comb9ations40 ,he once m %[s t by ! /ronge/ analytical p[] he c comm& oxymuriatic acid fails to yield any sub/ance diff]+ f itself3 8,i h caus$ /rong explosions f an electrical j>1 to pass ?r\gh oxymuriatic gas1 by means ( po9ts ( plat9a1 = sev]al h\rs 9 succession2 b x seem$ n to und]go ! slighte/ *ange40 ,su*1 !n1 are ! reasons :i* induc$ ,davy to consid] t oxymuriatic acid conta9s no oxyg52 t x _h hi!rto be5 8undecomp\nd$10 & t1 !re=e1 by ! /rict logic ( *emi/ry1 x 0 to be reg>d$ z an elem5t>y body4 ,_h 8 pap] conclud$ at ?is po9t1 8 position w\ld h be5 unassailable1 ev5 9 ! light ( ne>ly n9ety ye>s ( subsequ5t "w4 ,b he c\ld n /op "h4 ,b]?ollet1 ! au?or ( ! prevail+ !ory1 _h discov]$ a salt !n kn[n z hyp]-oxymuriate ( pota%1 presumably capable ( furni%+ an acid t]m$ by ,*5evix hyp]-oxyg5is$ muriatic acid4 ,?is salt is n[ t]m$ potassium *lorate1 aft] ! acid :i* ,davy subsequ5tly succe$$ 9 isolat+1 & :i*1 :5 ! *lor9e !ory 0 g5]ally accept$1 0 call$ *loric acid by ,gay ,lussac4 ,! exi/5ce ( ! hyp]-oxymuriate ( pota% 0 = a "t a /umbl+-block1 & ,davy s\ght to expla9 x on ! assumption t x 0 no?+ m ?an a triple comp\nd ( oxymuriatic acid1 potassium1 & oxyg54 8,we h no "r to assume ! exi/5ce ( any peculi> acid 9 x1 or ( a consid]able portion ( comb9$ wat]2 & x is p]haps m con=mable to ! analogy ( *emi/ry to suppose ! l>ge quantity ( oxyg5 comb9$ ) ! potassium1 :i* we "k has an int5se aff9ity = oxyg51 & :i* f "s exp]im5ts1 ,i am incl9$ to believe1 is capable ( comb9+ directly ) m oxyg5 ?an exi/s 9 pota%1 ?an ) ! oxymuriatic acid :i*1 z f> z is kn[n1 has no aff9ity = t sub/ance40 ,x is p]fectly true1 z ,davy surmis$1 t potassium c comb9e ) m oxyg5 ?an is conta9$ 9 pota%1 b x is no less true1 z he himself prov$ by 8 discov]y ( ! s-call$ eu*lor9e1 t *lor9e c comb9e ) oxyg54 ,al?\gh he made sev]al attempts to isolate ,mr4 ,*5evix's hyp]-oxyg5is$ muriatic acid1 he 0 n successful at ! "t1 & 0 evid5tly dispos$ to d\bt its sep>ate exi/5ce4 ,! rema9+ portion ( ! pap]1 al?\gh ( int]e/ z exemplify+ ,davy's p[] ( deal+ ) ! broad issues :i* 8 views raise1 ne$ n deta9 u n[4 ,he seizes ! opportunity1 h[ev]1 to correct 8 /atem5ts ) reg>d to ! presum$ comp\nd nature ( sulphur & phosphorus1 & gives details ( obs]vations1 "s ( :i*1 z 9 o!r ( 8 pap]s1 h be5 8discov]$0 by subsequ5t obs]v]s4 ,?us he /ates3-- 8,i h nev] be5 able to burn sulphur 9 oxyg5 )\t =m+ sulphuric acid 9 small quantities2 b 9 sev]al exp]im5ts ,i h obta9$ f #ib to #ih p>ts ( sulphur\s acid f #ajj ( oxyg5 9 volume2 f :i* ,i am incl9$ to believe t sulphur\s acid consi/s ( sulphur dissolv$ 9 an equal volume ( oxyg540 ,x 0 h>dly to be expect$ t views s entirely oppos$ to ! convictions ( *emi/s at ! "t %\ld pass un*all5g$4 ,b]zelius1 ! c\ntryman ( ,s*eele1 w>mly def5d$ ! doctr9e ( ! ,fr5* ,s*ool1 & yet ano!r ,scot* pr(essor s\ght to %[ t ,davy 0 /ill 8v]a tr\blesome40 ,! controv]sy1 9 :i* ,davy himself took little "p1 occasion$ consid]able /ir at ! p]iod1 & 0 ev5 ( int]e/ outside philosophical circles4 ,! discussion 0 n )\t its uses1 inasmu* z x l$ to fre% discov]ies4 ,! noise ( x all1 h[ev]1 is n[ =gott54 ,b]zelius ev5tually enjo9$ 8 cook to speak no long] ( oxymuriatic acid3 8,?\ mu/ call x *lor9e1 ,anna2 t is bett]40 ,dr4 ,murray1 ) ! p]t9acity ( 8 race1 /ill clung to ! old doctr9e1 & def5d$ x ) no little dialectical subtlety1 b he alone 0 fai?ful among ! fai?less4 ,x is true !re has be5 an occasional flutt] 9 ! dovecots s9ce ^! times1 & ! fai? ( *emi/s 9 ! validity ( ,davy's tea*+ has be5 once or twice assail$1 b z yet x has surviv$ all assaults4 ,! ,royal ,in/itution possesses a book :i* no lov] ( sci5ce c reg>d ) o!r ?an rev]5tial int]e/4 ,x is a small1 well-b\nd qu>to ( "s #chf manuscript pages1 ( notes tak5 by ,mi*ael ,f>aday1 :5 a bookb9d]'s appr5tice1 ( ! la/ ( ,davy's lectures at ! ,in/itution4 ,a ,mr4 ,dance--8 "n des]ves to be held 9 remembrance--_h giv5 ! y\? a ticket = ! lectures1 & ,f>aday1 p]*$ 9 ! gall]y ov] ! clock1 _h zeal\sly foll[$ ! expositions ( ! brilliant lectur]1 & _h subsequ5tly1 :5 ask+ = an engagem5t at ! ,in/itution1 s5t 9 ^! notes1 neatly writt5 out & embelli%$ ) draw+s ( ! app>atus1 to ! ,pr(essor z evid5ce ( ! applicant's 8k1 dilig5ce & ord]40 ,among ! lectures is "o on *lor9e1 giv5 on ,m>* #ad?1 #ahab1 ! notes ( :i* are z *>act]i/ic ( ! auditor z ( ! lectur]4 ,we read3-- 8,accu/om$ = ye>s to consid] ! *emical pr9ciples ( ! ,fr5* ,s*ool ( ,physical ,sci5ces z correct1 ,i _h adopt$ !m & put fai? 9 !m until !y became prejudices1 & ,i ev5 felt unwill+ to give !m up :5 my judgm5t 0 fully conv9c$ by exp]im5t t !y 7 errone\s4 ,i "k t ?is is ! case 9 "s degree ) almo/ e p]son2 he is unwill+ to believe t he is wrong & !re=e feels av]se to adopt :at is "r :5 x opposes 8 pr9ciples40 ,!n foll[s an acc\nt ( v>i\s exp]im5ts %[+ ! prop]ties ( *lor9e1 & ! pro(s t x conta9s no oxyg53-- 8,oxyg5 does comb9e ) *lor9e4 ,i h v5tur$ to "n ! comp\nd eu*lor9e2 x is ( a v bright yell[-gre5 col\r4 ,names %\ld repres5t ?+s n op9ions = 9 ! la/ case !y (t5 t5d to misrepres5t & mislead4 8,_h ,mr4 ,b]?ollet obta9$ oxyg5 f *lor9e !re w\ld h be5 no error 9 8 !ory1 b by n att5d+ to ! m9ute circum/ances ( 8 exp]im5t1 by n asc]ta9+ t ! wat] pres5t act$ no "p & 0 n decompos$ he fell into an error1 & ( c\rse all ! conclusions he drew 7 false & errone\s4 ,no?+ %\ld be all[$ b :at c be prov$ by exp]im5t1 & no?+ %\ld be tak5 = grant$ ^u analogy or supposition40 ,f>aday concludes z foll[s3-- 8,mr4 ,davy n[ proce$$ to comm5t & make obs]vations on ! =m] !ory ( *lor9e gas4 ,"h ,i 0 unable to foll[ him4 ,! plan :i* ,i pursue 9 tak+ ( notes is conv5i5t & self-suffici5t ) respect to ! !oretical & also ! practical "p ( ! lecture1 b = ! embelli%m5ts & ornam5ts ( x x w n answ]4 ,mr4 ,davy's language at ^? times is s sup]ior 7& inde$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole c\rse ( ! lecture7 t !n ,i am inf9itely bel[ him1 & am incapable ( foll[+ him ev5 9 an humble /yle4 ,!re=e ,i %all n attempt x2 x w be suffici5t to give a k9d ( cont5ts ( x4 ,he said t hypo!ses %\ld n be consid]$ z facts & built ^u accord+ly4 ,nev]!less1 if cauti\sly pursu$1 !y might lead to mature fruit4 ,t no?+ %\ld be tak5 = grant$ unless prov$4 ,by consid]+ oxyg5 z conta9$ 9 *lor9e ! :ole *emical _w _h be5 wrapp$ 9 error respect+ t body = m ?an "o-?ird ( a c5tury4 8,he notic$ t all ! truly great sci5tific m5 7 possess$ ( great humility & diffid5ce ( _! own op9ions & p[]s4 ,he spoke ( ,s*eele1 ! discov]] ( *lor9e2 obs]v$ t he possess$ a truly philosophical _s1 gave up 8 op9ions :5 he suppos$ !m to be errone\s1 & )\t hesitation or reluctance adopt$ ^? ( o!rs :i* he consid]$ m correct2 admir$ 8 _s & recomm5d$ x to all philosoph]s2 comp>$ x to corn1 :i* look$ b simple & insignificant 9 blossom1 & ask$ = little praise1 yet 0 ! support ( man40 ,9 8 fif? ,bak]ian lecture1 8,on "s ( ! ,comb9ations ( ,oxymuriatic ,gas & ,oxyg5e1 & on ! *emical ,relations ( ^! ,pr9ciples to inflammable ,bodies10 read be=e ! ,royal ,society on ,novemb] #ae?1 #ahaj1 he /ill fur!r develop$ 8 ideas respect+ ! nature ( *lor9e4 ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d1 :o _h conv9c$ !mselves t potassium & sodium are n hydrates ( pota% & soda1 _h made kn[n ! fact t potassium c comb9e ) oxyg5 9 m ?an "o proportion2 & ,davy _h confirm$ _! conclusion1 see+ 9 x a fur!r pro( ( 8 views conc]n+ ! con/itution ( ! hyp]-oxymuriate ( pota%4 ,he !n /udi$ ! behavi\r ( a l>ge numb] ( ! metals & _! oxides ) *lor9e1 mak+ 9 _m cases quantitative det]m9ations1 f :i* v fair approximations to ! comb9+ proportions or atomic weights ( ! sub/ances may be d$uc$4 ,?us1 he says 8! numb] repres5t+ ! proportion 9 :i* m]cury comb9es mu/ be ab\t #bjj10 & t 8! quantity ( *lor9e 9 corrosive sublimate is exactly d\ble t 9 calomel1 & t ! orange oxide conta9s twice z mu* oxyg5 z ! black1 ! m]cury be+ consid]$ ! same 9 all40 ,! atomic weight ( silv] d$ucible f ! am\nt ( *lor9e tak5 up by t metal dur+ its conv]sion into horn-silv] is almo/ exactly ! value obta9$ by ! mo/ rigor\s analyses ( mod]n times4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 notewor?y t 9 ?is pap] ,davy is br\ght into %>p conflict ) ,dalton1 & !re is a *>act]i/ic exhibition ( temp] 9 ! way 9 :i* he prote/s aga9/ ! mann] 9 :i* ,dalton _h s\ght to use c]ta9 ( 8 num]ical e/imations 9 d$uc+ ! weights ( atoms4 ,! comp>ative m]its ( ,mr4 ,higg9s & ,john ,dalton z ! real au?ors ( ! explanation ( ! laws ( *emical comb9ation h n[ be5 fully & f9ally assess$1 b x 0 :olly unnecess>y = ! purpose ( ,davy's cont5tion to und]rate ! orig9ality ( ! ,man*e/] *emi/4 ,dalton 0 no d\bt wrong 9 ! assumption t #dg repres5t$ ! weight ( ! atom ( nitrog51 & ,davy 0 "r 9 po9t+ out ! invalidity ( ! basis on :i* ?is assumption re/$1 & 9 8 /atem5t t #acd m ne>ly repres5t$ ! smalle/ proportion 9 :i* nitrog5 is kn[n to comb9e4 ,davy says3-- 8,i %all ent] no fur!r at pres5t into an exam9ation ( ! op9ions1 results1 & conclusions ( my le>n$ fri5d2 ,i am h[ev] oblig$ to diss5t f mo/ ( !m1 & to prote/ aga9/ ! int]pretations t he has be5 pleas$ to make ( my exp]im5ts2 & ,i tru/ to 8 judgm5t & c&\r = a correction ( 8 views4 8,x is impossible n to admire ! +5uity & tal5t ) :i* ,mr4 ,dalton has arrang$1 comb9$1 weigh$1 measur$1 & figur$ 8 atoms2 b x is n1 ,i conceive1 on any speculations ^u ! ultimate p>ticles ( matt]1 t ! true !ory ( def9ite proportions mu/ ultimately re/4 ,x has a sur] basis 9 ! mutual decomposition ( ! neutral salts1 obs]v$ by ,ri*t] & ,guyton de ,morveau1 9 ! mutual decompositions ( ! comp\nds ( hydrog5 & nitrog51 ( nitrog5 & oxyg51 ( wat] & ! oxymuriatic comp\nds2 9 ! multiples ( oxyg5 9 ! nitr\s comp\nds2 & ^? ( acids 9 salts1 obs]v$ by ,drs4 ,wolla/on & ,?omson2 & above all1 9 ! decompositions by ! ,voltaic app>atus1 :]e oxyg5 & hydrog51 oxyg5 & inflammable bodies1 acids & alkalies1 c41 mu/ sep>ate 9 uni=m ratios40 ,x has be5 alleg$ t ,davy 9 ?us express+ himself (f]$ a k9d ( facti\s opposition to ! views ( ,dalton4 ,9 s f> z !y 7 atomic1 ?is is possibly true1 = ,davy nev] br\ght himself to reg>d ! fact ( *emical comb9ation occurr+ 9 def9ite proportions z admitt+ ( ! simple me*anical explanation ( ,dalton1 :i* he consid]$ too speculative4 ,t1 h[ev]1 he did ample ju/ice to ,dalton's m]its ultimately w be se5 f ! t]ms 9 :i* he speaks ( !m on ! occasion ( ! aw>d to ,dalton 9 #ahbf ( ! fir/ ( ! ,royal m$als4 ,9 "o ( 8 unf9i%$ ,dialogues1 writt5 %ortly be=e 8 dea?1 8,on ! ,p[]s :i* act ^u ,matt] & produce ,*emical ,*anges10 he ?us expresses himself3-- 8,! atomic doctr9e1 or !ory1 has be5 embrac$ by sev]al mod]n *emi/s2 b ! developm5t ( x is ow+ to ,mr4 ,dalton :o seems to h be5 ! fir/ p]son to g5]alize ! facts1 ( *emi/ry relat+ to def9ite proportions4444 ,mr4 ,w4 ,higg9s appe>s to h _h only "s loose idea ( p>ticles comb9+ ) p>ticles1 )\t any pr(\nd views ( ! quantity be+ unalt]able2 & !re is good reason = ?9k+ t ^! ideas1 z he expresses !m1 7 ga9$ f ano!r s\rce1 ,dr4 ,bryan ,higg9s1 :o _m ye>s be=e support$ ! notion1 t *emical sub/ances 7 =m$ ( molecules1 ei!r simple or comp\nd1 surr\nd$ by an atmosph]e ( heat2 & 8 views1 ?\gh n develop$ ) precision1 approa*$ ne>] to ^? ( ,mr4 ,dalton1 ?an ^? ( 8 c\s94 ,b nei!r ( ^! g5tlem5 attempt$ any /atical expressions2 & to ,ri*t] & ,dalton belongs ! exclusive m]it ( hav+ made ! doctr9e practicable4 ,z a !oretical view1 o!r au?ors h a claim to x1 & ! e>ly foll[]s ( ,newton1 su* z ,kiel1 ,h>tley1 & ,m>zuc*i1 all attempt$ a corpuscul> *emi/ry1 f\nd$ ^u figure1 weight1 & attractive p[] ( ! ultimate p>ticles ( matt]2 b ?is *emi/ry 0 ( no real use1 & _h no o!r f\ndation ?an 9 ! imag9ation4 ,inde$1 9 my op9ion1 ,mr4 ,dalton is too mu* ( an ,atomic ,philosoph]2 & 9 mak+ atoms arrange !mselves accord+ to 8 own hypo!sis1 he has (t5 indulg$ 9 va9 speculation2 & ! ess5tial & truly useful "p ( 8 doctr9e1 ! expression ( ! quantities 9 :i* bodies comb9e1 is p]fectly indep5d5t ( any views respect+ ! ultimate nature ei!r ( matt] or its elem5ts40 ,he concludes ! pap] 9 :i* he s m9utely /udi$ ! action ( *lor9e ^u oxides by ask+1 if x be said t ! oxyg5 arises f ! decomposition ( ! oxymuriatic gas & n f ! oxides1 :y is x always ! quantity conta9$ 9 ! oxide t is evolv$8 ,& :y 9 "s cases1 z ^? ( ! p]oxides ( potassium & sodium1 x be>s no relation to ! quantity ( oxymuriatic gas8 8,:5 potassium is burnt 9 oxymuriatic gas1 a dry comp\nd is obta9$4 ,if potassium comb9$ ) oxyg5 is employ$1 ! :ole ( ! oxyg5 is expell$1 & ! same comp\nd =m$4 ,x is contr>y to s\nd logic to say1 t ?is exact quantity ( oxyg5 is giv5 (f f a body n kn[n to be comp\nd1 :5 we are c]ta9 ( its exi/5ce 9 ano!r2 & all ! cases are p>allel40 ,an argum5t 9 fav\r ( ! exi/5ce ( oxyg5 9 *lor9e might be d]iv$ f ! circum/ance ( ! =mation ( ! latt] gas by ! action ( muriatic acid on p]oxides4 ,davy f\nd t1 by heat+ muriatic acid gas 9 contact ) dry p]oxide ( manganese1 wat] 0 rapidly =m$ & oxymuriatic gas produc$4 8,n[ z muriatic acid gas is kn[n to consi/ ( oxymuriatic gas & hydrog51 !re is no simple explanation ( ! result1 except by say+ t ! hydrog5 ( ! muriatic acid comb9$ ) oxyg5 f ! p]oxide to produce wat]40 ,! blea*+ p[] ( *lor9e _h be5 expla9$ by ,s*eele on ! supposition t x de/roy$ col\rs by comb9+ ) phlogi/on4 ,b]?ollet consid]$ x to act by supply+ oxyg54 ,davy !n made ! well-kn[n exp]im5t prov+ t ! dry gas 8is incapable ( alt]+ vegetable col\rs1 & t its op]ation 9 blea*+ dep5ds entirely ^u its prop]ty ( decompos+ wat] & lib]at+ its oxyg540 ,x _h be5 suppos$ t oxymuriatic acid gas 0 capable ( be+ cond5s$ & cry/allis$ at a l[ temp]ature4 ,he %[s t x 0 only damp *lor9e or its solution 9 wat] t yield$ any solid product4 ,he expos$ ! pure gas1 dri$ by muriate ( lime1 to a temp]ature ( -#dj ,f41 )\t obs]v+ any *ange4 ,x is curi\s1 h[ev]1 t liquid *lor9e _h actually be5 obta9$ by ,nor?more five ye>s be=e by heat+ ! s-call$ hydrate ( *lor9e "u pressure4 ,! ph5om5on 0 misund]/ood1 & x 0 res]v$ = ,f>aday1 9 #ahbc1 to %[ t ! product 0 actually ! liquefi$ gas4 ,davy1 :o 0 n always happy 9 8 sugge/ions z to *emical nom5clature1 propos$ to d5ote ! comp\nds ( oxymuriatic gas by ! names ( _! bases ) ! t]m9ation ane4 8,?us1 arg5tane may signify horn-silv]2 /annane ,libavius's liquor2 antimonane1 butt] ( antimony2 sulphurane1 ,dr4 ,?omson's sulphurett$ liquor1 & s on = ! re/4444 ,9 cases :5 two or m proportions ( inflammable matt] comb9e ) "o ( gas2 or two or m ( gas ) "o ( inflammable matt]1 x may be conv5i5t to signify ! proportions by affix+ v[els be=e ! "n1 :5 ! inflammable matt] pr$om9ates1 & aft] ! "n :5 ! gas is 9 excess2 & 9 ! ord] ( ! alphabet1 a signify+ two1 e1 ?ree1 i1 f\r & s on40 ,?us he call$ phosphorus p5ta*loride phosphorana1 & ! tri*loride phosphorane1 because !re 0 a l>g] p]c5tage proportion ( phosphorus 9 ! latt] comp\nd ?an 9 ! =m]4 ,t ,davy 0 n unaw>e ( ! difficulties & inconv5i5ces ( su* a sy/em ( nom5clature may be inf]r$ f :at he says 9 8 8,elem5ts0 conc]n+ ! names = ! two *lorides ( m]cury1 ! true composition ( :i* he 0 ! fir/ to discov]3-- 8,! names m]curane & m]curana :i* may be adopt$ to signify ! relations ( _! composition1 are too simil> to ea* o!r to be safely us$ z famili> appellations = ! two sub/ances1 z corrosive sublimate is a p[]ful poison1 calomel an excell5t m$ic9e40 ,9 matt]s ( *emical nom5clature ,davy 0 a great latitud9>ian4 ,all t he cont5d$ = 0 t names %\ld be indep5d5t ( all speculative views1 & %\ld r be d]iv$ f "s simple & inv>iable prop]ty4 ,x is rem>kable1 h[ev]1 t he :o inv5t$ ! happy t]m 8*lor9e0 %\ld h object$ to ! ^w 8cyanog540 ,at ! close ( ! %ort pap] 8,on ! ,prussic ,basis & ,acid10 9 :i* he fir/ made kn[n ! exi/5ce ( ! cyanides ( phosphorus & ( iod9e1 he said3-- 8,i wi% ,m4 ,gay ,lussac c\ld be prevail$ ^u to give up ! inexpressive & difficult names ( cyanog5 & hydrocyanic acid1 & to adopt ! simple ones ( prussic gas & prussic acid40 ,by treat+ ! potassium hyp]-oxymuriate ( ,b]?ollet 7potassium *lorate7 ) hydro*loric acid1 a gre5i%-yell[ explosive gas is obta9$ :i* ,*5evix _h ref]r$ to z 8hyp]-oxyg5is$ muriatic acid10 & z indicat+ ! exi/5ce ( a comp\nd ( oxymuriatic gas & oxyg5 9 a sep>ate /ate4 ,davy1 z we h se51 0 at fir/ incl9$ to d\bt ! exi/5ce ( ?is sub/ance1 & to consid] ! gas z simply *lor9e4 ,b on comp>+ x ) *lor9e prep>$ 9 o!r ways he p]ceiv$ a diff]5ce2 its solution 9 wat] 0 ( lemon yell[ or orange col\r2 :5 treat$ ) m]cury x becomes ( a brilliant yell[ gre54 ,x is1 moreov]1 highly explosive1 especially :5 heat$1 ev5 at ! w>m? ( ! h&1 :5 x loses its vivid col\r1 & is resolv$ into a mixture ( oxyg5 & *lor9e4 ,metals1 ars5ic1 phosphorus1 *>coal1 nitric oxide1 act ^u x 9 a mann] diff]5t f t ( *lor9e4 ,davy makes use ( ^! diff]5ces z a pro( ( ! correctness ( 8 views ( ! nature ( *lor9e4 8,if ! p[] ( bodies to burn 9 oxymuriatic gas dep5d$ ^u ! pres5ce ( oxyg51 !y all ought to burn ) mu* m en]gy 9 ! new comp\nd2 b copp] & antimony1 & m]cury & ars5ic & iron & sulphur h no action ^u x1 till x is decompos$2 & !y act !n accord+ to _! relative attractions on ! oxyg51 or on ! oxymuriatic gas4 ,!re is a simple exp]im5t :i* illu/rates ?is idea4 ,let a glass vessel conta9+ brass foil be exhau/$1 & ! new gas admitt$1 no action w take place2 ?r[ 9 a little nitr\s gas nitric oxide1 a rapid decomposition occurs1 & ! metal burns ) great brilliancy4 8,z ! new comp\nd 9 its pure/ =m is possess$ ( a bright yell[-gre5 col\r1 x may be exp$i5t to designate x by a "n expressive ( ?is circum/ance & its relation to oxymuriatic gas4 ,z ,i h nam$ t ela/ic fluid ,*lor9e2 s ,i v5ture to propose = ?is sub/ance ! "n ,eu*lor9e1 or ,eu*loric gas f & 4 ,! po9t ( nom5clature ,i am n incl9$ to dwell ^u4 ,i %all be cont5t to adopt any "n t may be consid]$ z mo/ appropriate by ! able *emical philosoph]s atta*$ to ?is ,society0 ! ,royal ,society4 ,eu*lor9e 0 subsequ5tly discov]$ by ,s\beiran to be a mixture ( *lor9e & *lor9e p]oxide1 a gas :i* ,davy himself aft]w>ds isolat$ 9 a pure /ate4 ,x is h[ev] obvi\s f ! acc\nts he gives t ev5 9 8 fir/ pap] he mu/ h be5 exp]im5t+ ) a fairly pure product1 due probably to ! circum/ance t he _h collect$ ! mix$ gases ov] m]cury1 :i* reta9s ! great] "p ( ! *lor9e4 ,=m] exp]im5t]s _h collect$ ! gas ov] wat]1 :i* dissolves ! *lor9e p]oxide m readily ?an ! *lor9e4 ,madame de ,/al once obs]v$ t an int]e/+ book might be writt5 on ! important consequ5ces :i* h sprung f little diff]5ces4 ,x ought to be not$1 h[ev]1 t ,davy _h himself d\bts :e!r 8 eu*lor9e 0 n a mixture ( *lor9e & ! gas :i* he subsequ5tly discov]$1 & to :i* he says3 8,i %all n propose to give any "n till x is det]m9$ :e!r eu*lor9e is a mixture or a def9ite comp\nd40 ,x has be5 /at$ t ,davy discov]$ ! two *lorides ( phosphorus4 ,9 a pap] read to ! ,royal ,society on ,june #ah?1 #ahab1 8,on "s ,comb9ations ( ,phosphorus & ,sulphur & on "s o!r ,subjects ( ,*emical ,inquiry10 he rev]ts to ^! sub/ances1 z !y 8(f] decid$ evid5ces 9 fav\r ( an idea t has be5 = "s "t preval5t among _m enlight5$ *emi/s & :i* ,i h def5d$ 9 =m] pap]s publi%$ 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions2 namely t bodies unite 9 def9ite proportions1 & t !re is a relation betwe5 ! quantities 9 :i* ! same elem5t unites ) diff]5t elem5ts40 ,he fir/ makes a det]m9ation1 s+ul>ly accurate = ! "t1 ( ! am\nt ( *lor9e conta9$ 9 ! l[] *loride1 & f9ds t #acf gra9s on decomposition ) wat] af=d$ #dc gra9s ( horn-silv]2 !ory requires #dbf gra9s4 ,by syn!tical exp]im5ts he came to ! conclusion t ! am\nt ( *lor9e absorb$ by phosphorus to =m ! high] *loride 0 exactly d\ble t conta9$ 9 ! l[] *loride3 he f\nd t #c gra9s ( phosphorus comb9$ ) #bj gra9s ( *lor9e3 9 reality x %\ld require only #ag gra9s4 ,he %[s t by treatm5t ) wat] ! l[] *loride yields phosphor\s acid1 ! prop]ties & mode ( decomposition ( :i* by heat he accurately describes4 ,he fur!r concludes1 z ! logical consequ5ce ( 8 view ( ! composition ( ! two *lorides1 & ! mode ( _! decomposition by wat]1 t phosphor\s acid conta9s half ! am\nt ( oxyg5 pres5t 9 phosphoric acid1 ! quantity ( phosphorus be+ ! same4 ,x is notewor?y t 9 8 argum5t1 z inde$ on all subsequ5t occasions :5 he speaks ( ! decomposition ( wat] 9 def9ite proportions1 he reg>ds wat] z compos$ ( #b comb9+ proportions ( hydrog5 & #a ( oxyg51 & ! numb] repres5t+ x z #ag1 oxyg5 be+ reg>d$ z #ae4 ,c]ta9 ( 8 /atem5ts consid]$ 9 ! light ( subsequ5t "w are int]e/+4 ,?us he says3-- 8,a solid acid volatile at a mod]ate degree ( heat1 may be produc$ by burn+ phosphorus 9 v r>e air1 & ?is seems to be phosphor\s acid free f wat]2 b "s phosphoric acid1 & "s yell[ oxide ( phosphorus are always =m$ at ! same "t40 ,he also obs]ves t unless ! product ( ! combu/ion ( phosphorus is /rongly heat$ 9 oxyg5 x conta9s phosphor\s acid z well z phosphoric acid4 ,he fur!r /ates t sulphur\s acid 7sulphur dioxide7 consi/s ( equal weights ( oxyg5 & sulphur1 :i* is almo/ /rictly true1 & t sulphurett$ hydrog5 is compos$ ( #a comb9+ proportion ( sulphur & #b ( hydrog51 al?\gh 8 values = ! comb9+ proportions ( sulphur & oxyg5 are incorrect4 ,he repeats ,dalton's exp]im5t ( ! =mation ( 8solid sulphuric acid0 by ! mutual action ( sulphur dioxide & nitric oxide1 & %[s t ! sub/ance is only produc$ 9 pres5ce ( vap\r ( wat]2 ! two sub/ances1 he says1 !n 8=m a solid cry/all9e hydrate2 :i* :5 ?r[n into wat] gives (f nitr\s gas & =ms a solution ( sulphuric acid40 ,?is sub/ance is ! s-call$ 8lead5-*amb] cry/al10 or nitrosulphonic acid1 ! exi/5ce ( :i* 0 fir/ made kn[n by ,s*eele4 ,davy's conclusions conc]n+ ! composition ( ! oxides & *lorides ( phosphorus 7 subsequ5tly conte/$ by ,b]zelius & ,dulong1 :o %[$ t al?\gh ! am\nt ( *lor9e 9 ! l[] *loride 0 id5tical ) t :i* he _h f\nd1 ! ratio ( ?is am\nt to t 9 ! high] *loride 0 z #c to #e1 & n z #a to #b1 & t ! same ratio held good z reg>ds ! oxyg5 9 phosphor\s oxide & phosphoric oxide4 ,davy1 six ye>s aft]w>ds1 repeat$ 8 exp]im5ts1 b )\t discov]+ ! fallacy 9 8 fir/ obs]vations4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! o!r incid5ts 9 ,davy's sci5tific c>e] may be mo/ conv5i5tly dealt ) 9 connection ) 8 p]sonal hi/ory4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,m>riage--,,knigh?ood--,,elem5ts ,,( ,,*emical ,,philosophy--,,nitrog5 ,,tri*loride--,,fluor9e4 ,davy 0 n[ 7#ahaj7 ?irty-two ye>s ( age1 & ne> ! summit ( 8 sci5tific fame1 & p]haps also1 says 8 bro!r ,john1 :o 0 !n 9 daily association ) him1 at ! height ( 8 happ9ess4 8,he _h e>n$ an unsulli$ & noble reputation2 he 0 lov$ & admir$ by fri5ds1 :o _h *e]$ him on 9 8 c>e]2 he _h h>dly pass$ ! prime ( manhood2 he 0 9 possession ( excell5t heal?2 he _h op5 to him almo/ e s\rce ( ord9>y recreation & enjoym5t2 & he _h1 besides1 ! unfail+ pleasures d]iv$ f ! active & successful pursuit ( sci5ce4 ,8 lett]s writt5 at ?is "t1 to 8 "m & si/]s /rongly m>k a happy cont5tm5t1 z well z a v amiable & affectionate /ate ( m9d40 ,8 popul>ity at ! ,royal ,in/itution 0 unb\nd$2 inde$1 he 0 ! v prop ( its exi/5ce1 & 0 s recognis$4 ,b hon\rable z 8 position 01 x br\ght him little m ?an a compet5cy2 & h[ev] g5]\sly dispos$ ! ,manag]s might h felt t[>ds him1 ! f9ancial circum/ances ( ! ,in/itution af=d$ no c]ta9ty ( a future indep5d5ce4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,durham & ,sir ,?omas ,b]n>d s\ght to induce him to ent] ! ,*ur*1 9 ! hope t 8 tal5ts & eloqu5ce w\ld m9i/] no less to ! cause ( religion ?an to 8 own prospects ( pref]m5t4 ,at ?is p]iod he _h s]i\s ?\ghts ( aga9 apply+ himself to ! /udy ( m$ic9e1 ) a view ( practis+ z a physician1 & he actually ent]$ 8 "n at ,cambridge & kept "s t]ms !re4 ,b :e!r ! un=tunate exp]i5ce ( 8 colleagues ,wolla/on & ,"y det]r$ him1 or :e!r1 z is m probable1 ,sci5ce _h too /rong a hold ^u 8 affections1 x is c]ta9 he made no resolute attempt to ab&on h]4 ,money 0 nev] an object ) ,davy1 except z ! means ( procur+ him ! advantages :i* ! money$ classes c comm&2 _h he c>$ = x1 8 tal5ts 7 a m>ketable commodity1 & w\ld h br\ght him ri*es 9 _m ways4 ,! smil+ goddess n[ %[$ him "o way z hon\rable z x 0 lucrative & pleasurable4 ,! ,dubl9 ,society invit$ him to lecture to !m on ! discov]ies :i* _h made him fam\s1 ) ! promise ( a m sub/antial tok5 ( _! appreciation ?an ! s\nd ( _! applause4 ,! foll[+ m9utes f ! ,proce$+s ( ! ,society s]ve to expla9 ?is3-- 8,may #c1 #ahaj4 ,resolv$--,t x is ! wi% ( ! ,society to communicate to ! ,iri% public 9 ! mo/ ext5d$ mann] 7consi/5t ) ! engagem5ts ( ! ,society71 ! k ( a sci5ce s intimately connect$ ) ! improvem5t ( agriculture & ! arts1 :i* is _! great object to promote2 & t1 ) ?is view1 x appe>s to !m extremely desirable to obta9 ! fulle/ communication ( ! rec5t discov]ies 9 electro-*emical sci5ce :i* h be5 made by ,mr4 ,davy4 8,resolv$--,t application be made to ! ,royal ,society reque/+ t !y be pleas$ to disp5se ) ! engagem5ts ( ,mr4 ,davy z ,secret>y1 s f> z to all[ ! ,dubl9 ,society to solicit ! fav\r ( 8 deliv]+ a c\rse ( electro-*emical lectures 9 _! new laboratory1 z soon z may be conv5i5t aft] ! pres5t c\rse ( *emical lectures %all h be5 complet$ by _! pr(essor1 ,mr4 ,higg9s4 8,resolv$--,t ! sum ( #djj gu9eas be appropriat$ out ( ! funds ( ! ,society1 to be pres5t$ to ,mr4 ,davy1 z a remun]ation1 :i* !y propose him to accept1 & z a m>k ( ! importance !y atta* to ! communication !y solicit40 ,we fur!r read3 8,mr4 ,davy arriv$ 9 ,dubl9 & deliv]$ 8 c\rse ( lectures to a cr[d$ auditory40 ,at ! close ( 8 lectures ! foll[+ resolution 0 pass$3-- 8,novemb] #bi?1 #ahaj4 ,resolv$--,t ! ?anks ( ! ,society be communicat$ to ,mr4 ,pr(essor ,davy1 = ! excell5t c\rse ( lectures :i*1 at _! reque/1 he has deliv]$ 9 _! new laboratory2 & to assure him1 t ! views :i* l$ ! ,society to seek = ^! communications h be5 answ]$ ev5 beyond _! hopes2 t ! mann] 9 :i* he has unfold$ 8 discov]ies has n only imp>t$ new & valuable in=mation1 b1 fur!r1 appe>s to h giv5 a direction ( ! public m9d t[>ds *emical & philosophical inquiries1 :i* _c fail 9 its consequ5ces to produce ! improvem5t ( ! sci5ces1 arts1 & manufactures 9 ,irel&4 ,t ,mr4 ,davy be reque/$ to accept ! sum ( five hundr$ gu9eas f ! ,society40 ,f ,mr4 ,h>e's 8,life & ,lett]s ( ,m>ia ,edgewor?0 we ga9 "s fur!r in=mation ( ! mann] 9 :i* ^! lectures 7 receiv$4 ,9 a lett] to h] c\s91 ,miss ,ruxton1 ,miss ,edgewor? writes3 8,we are to set out = ,dubl9 on ! #ac? ,novemb] to he> ,davy's lectures40 ,mrs4 ,edgewor? adds3 8,we sp5t a few weeks 9 ,dubl94 ,davy's lectures n only op5$ a new _w ( k to ourselves & to our "y p1 b 7 especially gratify+ to ,mr4 ,edgewor? & ,m>ia1 confirm+1 by ! eloqu5ce1 +5uity1 & philosophy :i* !y display$1 ! high idea :i* !y _h s e>ly =m$ ( ,mr4 ,davy's p[]s40 ,additional evid5ce ( 8 success is se5 9 ! circum/ance t ! ,society decid$ to repeat _! invitation3 8,june #ac?1 #ahaa4 ,resolv$--,t a lett] be writt5 to ,mr4 ,pr(essor ,davy reque/+ him to fav\r ! ,dubl9 ,society & ! ,iri% public ) a fur!r communication ( ! rec5t discov]ies 9 *emical philosophy1 & to deliv] a c\rse ( lectures 9 _! laboratory = t purpose1 9 ! mon?s ( ,novemb] & ,decemb] next2 & reque/+ t he w also repeat to !m1 at ! same "t1 ! c\rse ( lectures 9 geological sci5ce :i* he has read ?is ye> to ! ,royal ,in/itution2 & t he w be s good z to procure = ! ,society copies ( z _m ( ! geological sket*es ref]r$ to 9 t c\rse z he may ?9k necess>y = ! elucidation ( ! subject2 & fur!r reque/+ him to sup]9t5d ! con/ruction ( a voltaic batt]y ( l>ge plates1 = ! use ( ! ,society1 to be transmitt$ to !m 9 "t = ^! lectures40 ,we next read3 8,decemb] #e?1 #ahaa4 ,resolv$ unanim\sly--,t ! ?anks ( ! ,society be communicat$ to ,mr4 ,davy1 = ! two excell5t c\rses ( lectures 9 *emical & geological sci5ce :i*1 at _! reque/1 he has deliv]$ 9 _! laboratory1 full ( valuable in=mation2 & :i* h n m]ely cont9u$1 b mat]ially increas$1 ! _s ( philosophical rese>* 9 ,irel&4 8,resolv$ unanim\sly--,t ,mr4 ,davy be reque/$ to accept ! sum ( #gej z a remun]ation on ! "p ( ! ,society40 ,on ! occasion ( 8 second visit ,tr9ity ,college1 ,dubl91 conf]r$ on him ! degree ( ,,ll4,d4 ,x 0 ! only m>k ( di/9ction he ev] receiv$ f any ,univ]sity4 ,be=e he gave 8 lectures he visit$ ,edgewor?/[n1 z we le>n 9 a lett] f ,m>ia to ,miss ,ruxton3 8,davy sp5t a day "h la/ week1 & 0 z usual full ( ent]ta9m5t & in=mation ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,he has gone to ,connem>a1 ,i believe1 to fi%1 = he is a little mad ab\t fi%+2 & v ungrateful x is ( me to say s1 = he s5t to u f ,boyle ! f9e/ tr\t6 & a tr\t ( ,davy's cat*+ is1 ,i presume1 wor? t5 tr\ts caught by vulg> mortals40 ,to 8 "m he writes3 8,ball9a1 ,irel&1 ,octob] #bd?4 8,,my ,,de> ,,"m1--,i am safe & well1 9 a remote & beautiful "p ( ,irel&1 :]e ,i h be5 mak+ an excursion ) two ( my fri5ds4 ,i %all return to ,dubl9 9 two or ?ree days1 & %all be v glad to he> f y or my si/]s !re4 ,i hope y are all well & happy4 8,i he>d f ,john a few days ago2 he 0 q well & 9 good spirits4 8,! laboratory 9 ,dubl91 :i* has be5 enl>g$ s z to hold #eej p1 w n hold half ! p]sons :o desire to att5d my lectures4 ,! #eej tickets issu$ = ! c\rse by ! ,dubl9 ,society1 at two gu9eas ea*1 7 all dispos$ ( ! fir/ week2 & ,i am told n[ t f t5 to tw5ty gu9eas are (f]$ = a ticket4 8,?is is m]ely = y\r eye2 x may please y to "k t y\r son is n unpopul> or useless4 ,e p]son "h1 f ! highe/ to ! l[e/1 %[s me e att5tion & k9dness4 8,i %all come to see y z soon z ,i c4 ,i he> ) inf9ite delight ( y\r heal?1 & ,i hope ,heav5 w cont9ue to pres]ve & bless a "m :o des]ves s well ( h] *ildr54 8,i am y\r v affectionate son 8,h4 ,,davy4 8,my k9de/ love to my si/]s & aunts40 ,b ,davy's affections at ! mom5t 7 n :olly sp5t ^u 8 k9dr$1 & ano!r mi/ress ?an ,sci5ce _h become ! object ( 8 devotion4 ,! 8little madness0 ( :i* ,m>ia ,edgewor? wrote 0 always a vuln]able po9t ) ,davy1 = he foll[$ ! call+ ( ! ,apo/les ) all ! zeal & ard\r he gave to philosophy1 & to engage him ^u ! subject ( angl+ 0 a m direct road to 8 sympa?ies ?an to talk to him ( sci5ce4 ,! woo+ began 9 ?is wise3 8,mr4 ,davy regrets t he _c s5d ,walton to ,mrs4 ,apreece ?is morn+4 ,he did n recollect t he _h l5t ! book to a fri5d :o lives a little way out ( t[n4 ,he w s5d hone/ ,isaac to ,mrs4 ,apreece to-morr[ or ,?ursday4 8,mrs4 ,apreece is already ( ! true fai? ( ! g5u9e angl]1 ! object ( ^: art & contemplation is to exalt _s above matt]1 to enable ! m9d to create its own enjoym5ts & to f9d society ev5 9 ! bosom ( ,nature40 ,matt]s w5t on apace4 ,%ortly aft]w>ds we read3 8,i return ! ticket4 ,i beg9 to l ! op]a f association4 ,! same association w\ld1 ,i ?9k1 make me love a des]t1 & p]haps1 9 a long "t1 might make me an admir] ( r\ts40 ,aga93 8,to avoid /udi\sly :at o!r p seek w\ld h ! semblance ( affectation & ?\gh s9c]ely ,i h no ambition to %9e 9 c\rts or to become a c\rti]2 yet ,i h sympa?y m ?an en\gh to wi% to be :]e y l to g40 ,on ano!r occasion he wrote3 8,i f9d an invitation f ,mr4 ,t---- on my return la/ night = ,w$nesday4 ,pray d y g to ! ,miss ,*----'s to-night or to ,miss ,s----'s to-morr[ night8 ,i wi% to "k z y are my magnet 7?\gh y diff] f a magnet 9 hav+ no repulsive po9t7 & direct my c\rse4 ,y\r society always delightful to me is really at ?is mom5t balm to a w\nd$ m9d40 ,! foll[+ is a ,new ,ye>'s ,day lett] writt5 to arrive on ,janu>y #a/1 #ahab3-- 8,i hope ! cold wea!r has n increas$ y\r indisposition & t ! foggy sky has n made y melan*oly4 ,i tru/ y are n[ well & happy3 ,i give myself pleasure by believ+ t y are4 8,i h a motive = writ+ ?is day besides t ( do+ :at ,i l4 ,i f9d t ,friday ! #aj? is a ,royal ,society ,club day & t ,i ought to d9e ) ! ,club4 ,all o!r days are y\rs & t %all be y\rs if y comm& x1 b ,i "k y wi% me to d :at ,i ought to d1 & y n[ _c d\bt ! exclusive nature ( y\r influ5ce & ! absolute nature ( y\r p[]4 8,i sp5t ! la/ two days v pleasantly at ,wild]ness1 ,"l ,camd5's2 !re 0 a v agreeable social p>ty & a ,*ri/mas c\ntry ball3 a f9e p>k _h lo/ its beauty f ! old age ( ! ye> & ev]y?+ 0 :ite2 ! circle r\nd ! fire _h 9 consequ5ce m *>ms & my fri5d & ,i left x ?is morn+ v well amus$4 8,to-day we celebrate ! old ,mr4 ,*ildr5's bir?day :o is #gj4 ,he be>s 8 ye>s heal?fully & joyfully4 ,su* w9t]'s days z 8 are r to be desir$ ?an fe>$--sunny1 calm & w>m4 8,i hope1 my d>l+ fri5d1 t y be> no uneas9ess 9 y\r k9d & good he>t & t y give its true mean+ to my unlucky s5t5ce4 ,inde$ ,i nev] 9 ! :ole c\rse ( our social conv]se ev] int5d$ to (f5d y or give y a mom5t ( uneas9ess & ,i d n ?9k ,i %\ld feel any?+ long pa9ful t ,i ?\ght w\ld promote y\r happ9ess ev5 ?\gh x %\ld require f me ! greate/ ( all sacrifices4 ,y "k :at ?is is & ,i tru/ y w nev] oblige me to make x4 8,i g on ,?ursday to a wild "p ( ,k5t to %oot pheasants3 ! h\se is ,mr4 ,hodges1 ! po/-t[n ,cranbrook4 ,i %all accompany ,*ildr5 to t[n on ,sunday2 & ,i hope y w p]mit me to see y t ev5+ if ,i come 9 "t1 or ,monday morn+4 ,i am go+ on /eadily = ?ree h\rs a day ) ,radiant ,heat & ,light4 ,i might petition = "o ( y\r di/ant beams ( light4 ,y "k x w\ld delight me2 b :e!r x comes or no y %all n cease to be my sun40 ,^! lett]s1 ) _m o!rs address$ by him to ! lady1 are n[ be=e me4 ,!y _h be5 c>efully ti$ up & pres]v$1 & are all dat$ by h] on ! back--ev5 d[n to ! little missives s5t across f ,albem>le ,/reet to ,b]keley ,squ>e1 :]e %e resid$4 ,f ! numb] & frequ5cy ( ^! x is evid5t t ! port] suff]$ f no lack ( ex]cise4 ,aft] h] dea? 9 #ahee ^! lett]s came into ! possession ( ,dr4 ,john ,davy1 toge!r ) o!r pap]s1 & "s h be5 publi%$ already 9 8 8,fragm5t>y ,rema9s40 ,! correspond5ce is ( especial int]e/ f ! sidelight x ?r[s on ,davy's disposition & "*4 ,_m ( ! lett]s are delightful 9 tone & feel+2 n ev5 ,amadis de ,gaul1 t cream & fl[] ( g5tility1 or t mirror ( *ivalry1 ! ,knight ( ! ,w(ul ,figure1 c\ld h be5 m c\rte\s 9 be>+1 or h %[n a w>m] & at ! same "t a m def]5tial admiration ( ! lady he woo$4 ,b ! _w1 aft] all1 has no conc]n ) _! t5d] confid5ces4 ,x is suffici5t to say t ,davy's lett]s are su* z might be expect$ f 8 ard5t temp]am5t & active imag9ation2 f 8 love ( natural sc5]y1 8 faculty ( happy expression1 & graphic p[] ( description4 ,e>ly 9 #ahab ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 ^: con/ant ?\ght 0 ( & = ! ,royal ,society1 ?us wrote to 8 fri5d ,sir ,george ,/anton3-- 8,! ,royal ,society has be5 well suppli$ ) pap]s1 & cont9ues to be s4 ,davy1 our secret>y1 is said to be on ! po9t ( m>ry+ a ri* & h&some wid[1 :o has fall5 9 love ) ,sci5ce & m>ries him 9 ord] to obta9 a foot+ 9 ! ,academic ,groves2 h] "n is ,apreece1 ! daught] ( ,mr4 ,c>r1 ,k]r :o made a =tune 9 ,india1 & ! niece ( ,dr4 ,c>r1 ,k]r ( ,nor?ampton4 ,if ?is takes place1 x w give to sci5ce a k9d ( new clat2 we want no?+ s mu* z ! c\nt5ance ( ! ladies to increase our popul>ity40 ,! lady 0 ! wid[ ( ,%uckburgh ,a%by ,apreece1 ! elde/ son ( ,sir ,?omas ,apreece2 %e 0 ! daught] & heiress ( ,*>les ,k]r ( ,kelso1 :o _h be5 secret>y to ,"l ,rodney1 & _h made a =tune 9 ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,%e 0 also a 8f>-away c\s90 ( ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 & on ! occasion ( 8 t\r 9 ! ,hebrides ) 8 family1 88 de> fri5d & di/ant relation10 z he calls h]1 accompani$ !m4 ,%e _h be51 he says1 8a lioness ( ! fir/ magnitude 9 ,ed9burgh0 dur+ ! prec$+ w9t]2 & 9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,byron 9 #ahab1 invit+ him to ,abbots=d1 he m5tions z "o ( ! visitors t w\ld make 8 h\se attractive 8! fair or %all ,i say ! sage ,apreece t 01 ,lady ,davy t is1 :o is soon to %[ u h[ mu* sci5ce %e leads captive 9 ,sir ,humphry2 s y\r lord%ip sees1 z ! citiz5's wife says 9 ! f>ce1 #8,?readne$le ,/reet has "s *>ms1' s9ce !y procure u su* celebrat$ visitants40 ,h[ ,scott reg>d$ h] is fur!r indicat$ 9 ! lett]s :i* he address$ to h] on ! occasion ( 8 son's m>riage1 & dur+ ! f9ancial cra% :i* ov]:elm$ him4 ,:5 ! m>riage 0 arrang$ ,davy ?us wrote to 8 "m3-- 8,,my ,,de> ,,"m1--,y possibly may h he>d reports ( my int5d$ m>riage4 ,till )9 ! la/ few days x 0 m]e report4 ,x is ,i tru/ n[ a settl$ arrangem5t4 ,i am ! happie/ ( m51 9 ! hope ( a union ) a woman equally di/+ui%$ = virtues1 tal5ts & accompli%m5ts4444 8,y1 ,i am sure1 w sympa?ise 9 my happ9ess4 ,i believe ,i %\ld nev] h m>ri$1 b = ?is *>m+ woman1 ^: views & ^: ta/es co9cide ) my own1 & :o is em95tly qualifi$ to promote my be/ ef=ts & objects 9 life4444 8,i am y\r affectionate son1 8,h4 ,,davy40 ,9 ! foll[+ lett] to ,dr4 ,john ,davy1 :o 0 !n 9 ,ed9burgh z a /ud5t ( m$ic9e1 we h also ! ann\ncem5t ( ano!r ev5t3-- 8,friday1 ,april #aj?1 #ahab4 8,,my ,,de> ,,bro!r1--,y w h excus$ me = n writ+ to y on subjects ( sci5ce4 ,i h be5 absorb$ by arrangem5ts on :i* ! happ9ess ( my future life dep5ds4 ,be=e y receive ?is ^! arrangem5ts w1 ,i tru/1 be settl$2 &1 9 a few weeks1 ,i %all be able to return to my habits ( /udy & ( sci5tific rese>*4 8,i am go+ to be m>ri$ to-morr[2 & ,i h a fair prospect ( happ9ess1 ) ! mo/ amiable & intellectual woman ,i h ev] kn[n4 8,! ,pr9ce ,reg5t1 unsolicit$ by me1 or by any ( my intimate fri5ds1 0 pleas$ to conf] ! hon\r ( knigh?ood on me at ! la/ leve4 ,?is di/9ction has n (t5 be5 be/[$ on sci5tific m52 b ,i am pr\d ( x1 z ! greate/ ( human g5iuses bore x2 & x is at lea/ a pro( t ! c\rt has n ov]look$ my humble ef=ts 9 ! cause ( sci5ce4 8,i h discov]$ pure phosphor\s acid 7a solid body1 v volatile72 & a pure hydro-phosphor\s acid1 conta9+ two proportions ( wat] & f\r ( phosphor\s acid1 & decompos+ by heat into phosphoric acid & a new gas conta9+ f\r proportions ( hydrog5 & "o ( phosphorus4444 8,pray address to me ,sir ,h4 ,davy1 ,bee*wood ,p>k1 ne> ,m>ket ,/4 ,alban's4 8,believe me1 my de> ,john1 ,i %all always take ! w>me/ int]e/ 9 y\r welf>e & happ9ess1 & w d ev]y?+ to promote y\r views4 ,i %all h "s ideas on y\r /udies soon to communicate4 8,i am1 my de> bro!r mo/ affectionately y\rs 8,h4 ,,davy40 ,he 0 knight$ by ! ,pr9ce ,reg5t at a leve held at ,c>lton ,h\se on ! #h? ,april1 #ahab1 be+ ! fir/ p]son on :om t hon\r 0 conf]r$ by ! ,reg5t4 ,on ! foll[+ day he deliv]$ 8 f>ewell lecture z ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry at ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,x 0 on ! ,metals1 & a report ( x is conta9$ 9 ,f>aday's manuscript notes be=e ref]r$ to4 ,f>aday says3-- 8,hav+ ?us giv5 ! g5]al "* ( ! metals1 ,sir ,h4 ,davy proce$$ to make a few obs]vations on ! connection ( sci5ce ) ! o!r p>ts ( poli%$ & social life4 ,"h x w\ld be improp] = me to foll[ him4 ,i %\ld m]ely injure & de/roy ! beautiful1 ! sublime obs]vations t fell f 8 lips4 ,he spoke 9 ! mo/ en]getic & lum9\s mann] ( ! advancem5t ( ! arts & sci5ces1 ( ! connection t _h always exi/$ betwe5 !m & o!r p>ts ( a nation's economy4 ,he notic$ ! peculi> cong]ies ( great m5 9 all dep>tm5ts ( life t g5]ally appe>$ toge!r1 notic$ ,anaxim&]1 ,anaxim5es1 ,socrates1 ,newton1 ,bacon1 ,elizabe?1 etc41 b1 by an unacc\ntable omission1 =got himself1 ?\gh ,i v5ture to say no "o else pres5t did4 8,dur+ ! :ole ( ^! obs]vations 8 deliv]y 0 easy1 8 diction elegant1 8 tone good1 & 8 s5tim5ts sublime40 ,two days aft]w>ds he 0 m>ri$1 & ,lady ,davy & he pass$ mo/ ( ! spr+ & summ] 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& & 9 ,scotl&1 on a r\nd ( visits1 cultivat+ ^? patrician in/9cts & susceptibilities to ! *>ms ( rank t 8 new /ation s]v$ to acc5tuate4 ,writ+ to ,miss ,m>g>et ,ruxton1 ,m>ia ,edgewor? says3-- 8,i suppose y h he>d v>i\s jeux d'esprit on ! m>riage ( ,sir ,humphry ,davy & ,mrs4 ,apreece8 ,i sc>cely ?9k any ( !m wor? copy+40 ,b %e gives ! foll[+3-- 8,too _m m5 h (t5 se5 ,_! tal5ts und]rat$2 ,b ,davy owns t 8 h be5 ,duly ,apreeciat$40 ,%ortly aft] 8 w$d+ he wrote to 8 bro!r ,john3-- 8,i communicat$ to y 9 a =m] lett]1 my plans1 z !y 7 matur$4 ,i h nei!r giv5 up ! ,in/itution1 nor am ,i go+ to ,france2 &1 :]ev] ,i am1 ,i %all cont9ue to lab\r 9 ! cause ( sci5ce ) a zeal n dim9i%$ by increase ( happ9ess & 7) respect to ! _w7 increas$ indep5d5ce4 8,i h j f9i%$ ! fir/ "p ( my #8,*emi/ry' to my own satisfaction1 & ,i am go+ to publi% my #8,agricultural ,lectures' = :i* ,i am to get #a1jjj gu9eas = ! copyright & #ej gu9eas = ea* edition1 :i* seems a fair price4444 8,i 0 appo9t$ ,pr(essor 7honor>y7 to ! ,in/itution1 at ! la/ meet+4 ,i d n pl$ge myself to give lectures4444 ,if ,i lecture x w be on "s new s]ies ( discov]ies1 %\ld x be my =tune to make !m2 & ,i give up ! r\t9e ( lectur+1 m]ely t ,i may h m "t to pursue orig9al inquiries1 & =w>d m ! great objects ( sci5ce4 ,?is has be5 = "s "t my int5tion1 & x has be5 ha/5$ by my m>riage4 8,i %all h great pleasure 9 mak+ y acqua9t$ ) ,lady ,d4 ,%e is a noble creature 7if ,i may be p]mitt$ s to speak ( a wife71 & e day adds to my cont5tm5t by ! p[]s ( h] und]/&+1 & h] amiable & delightful tones ( feel+40 ,! allusion to ! ,in/itution is ?us m circum/antially dealt ) 9 ! foll[+ ,m9utes ( ! ,meet+s ( ! ,manag]s3-- 8,may #aa1 #ahab4 ,mr4 ,hat*ett report$ t ,sir ,h4 ,davy1 ?\gh he _c pl$ge himself to deliv] lectures1 w be will+ to accept ! (fices ( ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry & ,director ( ! ,laboratory & ,m9]alogical ,collection )\t sal>y40 ,foll[+ :i* we read-- 8,t ! ,manag]s he> ) great regret ! notification :i* !y h j receiv$ t ,sir ,h4 ,davy _c pl$ge himself to cont9ue ! lectures :i* he has be5 accu/om$ to deliv] ) s mu* hon\r to ! ,in/itution & advantage to ! public2 b at ! same "t1 !y congratulate !mselves on ! lib]al (f] :i* ,sir ,humphry ,davy has made to sup]9t5d ! *emical dep>tm5t1 & to assi/ & advise any lectur] ! ,manag]s may be pleas$ to appo9t40 ,! ,manag]s !reupon ord]$ a special g5]al meet+ to nom9ate him ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry1 & he 0 elect$ on ,june #a/4 ,h[ necess>y ,davy 0 to ! v exi/5ce ( ! ,in/itution may be glean$ f ! fact t ! balance 9 its fav\r at ! end ( ! ye> 0 #c #is4 #aa;d4 ,! 8,*emi/ry0 above ref]r$ to is 8 8,elem5ts ( ,*emical ,philosophy10 :i* 0 publi%$ a few mon?s aft] 8 m>riage1 ) a d$ication to ,lady ,davy4 ,%e is ask$ to receive x z a pro( ( 8 ard5t affection1 :i* mu/ be unalt]able1 z x is f\nd$ ^u ! admiration ( h] moral & intellectual qualities4 ,! "w 0 begun 9 ! autumn ( #ahaa1 & 0 compos$ ) great rapidity1 ! 8copy0 be+ s5t to ! press z x left 8 p54 ,! introductory "p on ! ,hi/ory ( ,*emi/ry1 & t on ! ,g5]al ,laws ( ,*emical ,*anges & on ,radiant or ,e!real ,matt]1 & probably "s o!r portions1 are ei!r transcripts or amplifications ( 8 ,royal ,in/itution lectures4 ,o!r sections are av[$ly bas$ ^u 8 own "w z publi%$ 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions4 ,inde$1 x 0 rem>k$ by a critic t ! "w c\ld nev] be complet$ ^u ! plan on :i* x 0 comm5c$1 :i* 0 little less ?an a sy/em ( *emi/ry 9 :i* all ! facts 7 to be v]ifi$ by ! au?or4 ,?omas ,"y1 8 =m] colleague at ! ,royal ,in/itution1 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review = ,septemb]1 #ahab1 ?us speaks ( x3-- 8,) all its excell5cies ?is "w mu/ be all[$ to be> no inconsid]able m>ks ( ha/e1 & we w\ld easily h conjectur$1 ev5 if ! au?or _h n expressly told u s 9 8 d$ication1 t ! p]iod employ$ on x has be5 ! #8happie/ ( 8 life'4444 8,! /yle & mann] ( ?is "w are ne>ly ! same ) ^? ( ! au?or's lectures deliv]$ 9 ! !atre ( ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,!y h be5 mu* admir$ by "s ( ! mo/ compet5t judges ( good language & good ta/e1 & x has be5 rem>k$ t ,davy 0 born a poet1 & has only become a *emi/ by accid5t4 ,c]ta9ly ! situation 9 :i* he 0 plac$ induc$ him to cultivate an ornam5t$ & popul> /yle ( expression & embelli%m5t1 & :at 0 enc\rag$ by tempor>y motives has become natural to him f habit4 ,h5ce h aris5 a multitude ( s5tim5tal reflections & appeals to ! feel+s1 :i* _m w ?9k beauties & "s only prett9esses2 nor is x necess>y = u to decide 9 :i* ( ! two classes ( read]s we wi% ourselves to be arrang$1 conceiv+ t 9 matt]s s indiff]5t to ! imm$iate object ( ! "w a great latitude may be all[$ to ! div]sity ( ta/e & op9ion40 ,despite its egoism & ! obvi\s m>ks ( ha/e & imp]fection x displays1 ! "w may /ill be read ) int]e/ by ! *emical /ud5t4 ,we w\ld recomm5d him be=e p]us+ x to /udy ,dalton's 8,new ,sy/em ( ,*emical ,philosophy10 & he w ga9 a vivid impression ( ! extraord9>y /rides :i* ! sci5ce _h made dur+ ! f\r ye>s :i* int]v5$ betwe5 ! publication ( ^! memorable books4 ,ea* "w1 too1 is /rongly typical ( its au?or1 & reflects 9 ! mo/ /rik+ mann] ! range & limitations ( 8 p[]s & ! *>act]i/ics ( 8 g5ius4 ,t[>ds ! middle ( ,octob] ,davy return$ to t[n4 ,9 a lett] writt5 to 8 fri5d ,*ildr51 f ,ed9burgh1 he says3-- 8,i h receiv$ a v int]e/+ lett] f ,ampre4 ,he says t a comb9ation ( *lor9e & azote has be5 discov]$ at ,p>is1 :i* is a fluid1 & explodes by ! heat ( ! h&2 ! discov]y ( :i* co/ an eye & a f+] to ! au?or4 ,he gives no details z to ! mode ( comb9+ !m4 ,i h tri$ 9 my little app>atus ) ammonia cool$ v l[1 & *lor9e1 b )\t success40 ,! sub/ance "h ref]r$ to is nitrog5 *loride1 "o ( ! mo/ =midable explosives kn[n to *emi/s1 & :i* s]i\sly maim$ ,dulong1 its discov]]1 z /at$4 ,! 8little app>atus0 ref]s to a portable *emical *e/ :i* accompani$ ,davy on all 8 travels4 ,any new comb9ation ( nitrog5 0 c]ta9 to attract 8 imm$iate att5tion4 ,he seems to h rema9$ to ! la/ conv9c$ t nitrog5 w\ld turn out to be a non-elem5t>y sub/ance1 & x is rem>kable h[ eag]ly he caught at any h9t or surmise :i* appe>$ likely to af=d support to 8 conjecture4 ,he at once repeat$ ,dulong's exp]im5ts 9 ,*ildr5's laboratory at ,tunbridge1 & succe$$ 9 obta9+ consid]able in=mation conc]n+ ! *emical & physical prop]ties ( ?is extraord9>y sub/ance1 :5 he 0 w\nd$ 9 ! eye by its explosion4 ,he ?us breaks ! news ( 8 accid5t to ,lady ,davy3-- 8444 ,ye/]day ,i began "s new exp]im5ts to :i* a v int]e/+ discov]y & a slight accid5t put an end4 ,i made use ( a comp\nd m p[]ful ?an gunp[d] de/9$ p]haps at "s "t to *ange ! nature ( w> & influ5ce ! /ate ( society4 ,an explosion took place :i* has done me no o!r h>m ?an t ( prev5t+ me f work+ ?is day ,sunday & ! effects ( :i* w be gone to-morr[ & :i* ,i %\ld n m5tion at all1 except t y may he> "s fooli% exagg]at$ acc\nt ( x1 = x really is n wor? m5tion+44440 ,9 reality ! accid5t 0 m s]i\s ?an he w\ld h ,lady ,davy believe1 & ! injury prev5t$ him f resum+ 8 "w = "s "t4 ,9 a lett] writt5 ab\t ! middle ( ,janu>y1 #ahac1 f ,wimpole1 :]e he 0 /ay+ ) ,"l ,h>dwicke1 he says3-- 8,i h _h ano!r sev]e attack ( inflammation 9 ! eye1 & 0 oblig$ to h ! conjunctiva & cornea punctur$4 ,i suspect ! cause 0 "s little imp]ceptible fragm5t4 ,i am j recov]+1 & hope ,i %all see z well soon z ) ! o!r eye40 ,9 ! foll[+ ,april he 0 suffici5tly recov]$ to resume ! /udy ( ,dulong's comp\nd1 & 9 a lett] to ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 dat$ ,june #bj?1 #ahac1 & subsequ5tly publi%$ 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions1 he gives a numb] ( details conc]n+ its nature & composition4 ,he accurately det]m9$ its specific gravity--viz4 #afec--;b al?\gh he made a numb] ( det]m9ations ( ! am\nts ( its con/itu5ts by v>i\s me?ods1 8 d$uction t x consi/$ ( "o proportion ( nitrog5 to f\r ( *lor9e 0 incorrect4 ,! exp]im5ts ( ,gatt]mann1 made ) great skill & c\rage1 h conclusively %[n t ! comp\nd is1 z long surmis$1 a tri*loride ( nitrog54 ,at ab\t ! same p]iod1 z we le>n f a lett] to 8 bro!r1 dat$ ,april #d?1 #ahac1 he attack$ ! *emi/ry ( fluor9e3-- 8,i am n[ q recov]$1 & ,jane ,lady ,davy is v well1 & we h bo? enjoy$ ! la/ mon? 9 ,london4 ,i h be5 h>d at "w4 ,i h expell$ fluor9e f fluate ( lead1 fluate ( silv]1 & fluate ( soda by *lor9e4 ,x is a new acidifi]1 =m+ ?ree p[]ful acids2 hydr(luoric1 silicat$ fluoric1 & fluo-boric4 ,x has ! mo/ int5se en]gies ( comb9ation ( any kn[n body1 in/antly comb9+ ) all metals1 & decompos+ glass4 ,l ! fabl$ wat]s ( ! ,/yx1 x _c be pres]v$1 n ev5 9 ! ape's ho(4 ,we h n[ a triad ( support]s ( combu/ion40 ,! results ( ,davy's "w 7 communicat$ to ! ,royal ,society on ,july #h?1 #ahac4 ,9 8 pap] he /ates t ,m4 ,ampre ( ,p>is _h furni%$ him ) _m +5i\s & orig9al argum5ts 9 fav\r ( ! analogy betwe5 ! muriatic & fluoric comp\nds1 bas$ p>tly ^u 8 7,davy's7 views ( ! nature ( *lor9e1 & p>tly ^u reason+s drawn f ! exp]im5ts ( ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d4 ,aft] a %ort acc\nt ( ! ma9 prop]ties ( ! silicat$ fluoric acid gas 7silicon fluoride71 discov]$ by ,s*eele1 fluoric acid 7hydr(luoric acid71 discov]$ by ,s*eele b fir/ obta9$ pure by ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d1 & fluoric acid 7boron fluoride71 discov]$ by ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d1 he /ates t1 on ! hypo!sis ( ,m4 ,ampre-- 8! silicat$ fluoric acid is conceiv$ to consi/ ( a peculi> undecomp\nd$ pr9ciple1 analog\s to *lor9e & oxyg51 unit$ to ! basis ( silica1 or silicum2 ! fluo-boric acid ( ! same pr9ciple unit$ to boron2 & ! pure liquid fluoric acid z ?is pr9ciple unit$ to hydrog510 ,he !n seeks to put ! hypo!sis to ! te/ ( exp]im5t by comb9+ fluoric acid ) ammonia 9 a plat9um app>atus2 ! :ite solid sub/ance he obta9$--s-call$ fluate ( ammonia--conta9$ no moi/ure1 & h5ce he inf]r$ t no wat] 0 pres5t & t !re=e fluoric acid 0 free f oxyg54 ,! inf]5ce 0 m correct ?an ! exp]im5t w>rant$4 ,he fur!r f\nd t ! action ( potassium ^u fluate ( ammonia is precisely simil> to its action ^u muriate ( ammonia1 :5 ammonia & hydrog5 are dis5gag$ & muriate ( potassa =m$4 ,he !n attempt$ to electrolyse solutions ( hydr(luoric acid4 ,he says3 8,i und]took ! exp]im5t ( electriz+ pure liquid fluoric acid1 ) consid]able int]e/1 z x seem$ to (f] ! mo/ probable me?od ( asc]ta9+ its real nature2 b consid]able difficulties occurr$ 9 execut+ ! process4 ,! liquid fluoric acid imm$iately de/roys glass1 & all animal & vegetable sub/ances2 x acts on all bodies conta9+ metallic oxides2 & ,i "k ( no sub/ances :i* are n rapidly dissolv$ or decompos$ by x except c]ta9 metals1 *>coal1 phosphorus1 sulphur & c]ta9 comb9ations ( *lor9e40 ,aft] v>i\s unsuccessful attempts to make tubes ( sulphur & ( ! *lorides ( lead & copp]1 he succe$$ 89 bor+ a piece ( horn-silv] 9 su* a mann] t ,i 0 able to cem5t a plat9a wire into x by means ( a _s lamp1 & by inv]t+ ?is 9 a tray ( plat9a fill$ ) liquid fluoric acid1 ,i contriv$ to submit ! fluid to ! ag5cy ( electricity40 ,he f\nd t ! plat9a wire at ! positive pole rapidly corrod$1 & became cov]$ ) a *ocolate p[d]1 & :at appe>$ by its inflammability to be hydrog5 sep>at$ at ! negative pole4 ,he tri$ a numb] ( o!r exp]im5ts ) diff]5t vessels & v>i\s electrodes1 b ) no bett] success4 ,he suff]$ great inconv5i5ce f ! fumes ( hydr(luoric acid2 !y act$ vigor\sly on ! nails1 & produc$ a mo/ pa9ful s5sation :5 9 contact ) ! eyes4 ,! conclusion he drew f 8 exp]im5ts 0 t fluoric acid is 8compos$ ( hydrog51 & a sub/ance z yet unkn[n 9 a sep>ate =m1 possess$ l oxyg5 & *lor9e1 ( ! negative electrical en]gy1 & h5ce det]m9$ to ! positive surface1 & /rongly attract$ by metallic sub/ances40 ,he !n attempt$ to isolate ! fluoric pr9ciple by treat+ v>i\s fluates 9 a plat9um app>atus ) *lor9e gas1 b al?\gh !re 0 evid5ce ( decomposition & ! plat9um 0 viol5tly act$ ^u1 he c\ld obta9 no new gase\s matt]4 8,f ! g5]al t5\r ( ! results t ,i h /at$1 x appe>s reasonable to conclude t !re exi/s 9 ! fluoric comp\nds a peculi> sub/ance1 possess$ ( /rong attractions = metallic bodies & hydrog51 & :i* comb9$ ) c]ta9 inflammable bodies =ms peculi> acids1 & :i* 9 consequ5ce ( its /rong aff9ities & high decompos+ ag5cies1 x w be v difficult to exam9e 9 a pure =m1 & = ! sake ( avoid+ circumlocution1 x may be d5om9at$ fluor9e1 a "n sugge/$ to me by ,m4 ,ampre4 8,x is easy to p]ceive 9 foll[+ ! above !ory1 t all ! ideas curr5t 9 *emical au?ors respect+ ! fluoric comb9ations1 mu/ be *ang$4 ,fluor-sp>1 & o!r analog\s sub/ances1 = in/ance1 mu/ be reg>d$ z b9>y comp\nds ( metals & fluor9e40 ,davy's views are n[ "p ( curr5t *emical doctr9e1 & 8 previsions z to ! nature ( fluor9e & its extraord9>y *emical activity h be5 v]ifi$ 9 ! mo/ /rik+ mann] by ! admirable inve/igations ( ,moissan4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,davy ,,& ,,f>aday--,,iod9e4 ,! ye> #ahac is memorable 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,royal ,in/itution1 f ! fact t ,f>aday's long & hon\rable association ) x dates f t "t4 ,! circum/ances :i* l$ to ?is connection 7 subsequ5tly /at$ by himself 9 ! foll[+ lett] to ,dr4 ,p>is3-- 8,royal ,in/itution1 ,dec4 #bcrd1 #ahbi4 8,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,y ask me to give y an acc\nt ( my fir/ introduction to ,sir ,h4 ,davy1 :i* ,i am v happy to d1 z ,i ?9k ! circum/ances w be> te/imony to 8 goodness ( he>t4 8,:5 ,i 0 a booksell]'s appr5tice1 ,i 0 v fond ( exp]im5t & v av]se to trade4 ,x happ5$ t a g5tleman1 a memb] ( ! ,royal ,in/itution1 took me to he> "s ( ,sir ,h4 ,davy's la/ lectures 9 ,albem>le ,/reet4 ,i took notes1 & aft]w>ds wrote !m out m fairly 9 a qu>to volume4 8,my desire to escape f trade1 :i* ,i ?\ght vici\s & selfi%1 & to ent] into ! s]vice ( ,sci5ce :i* ,i imag9$ made its pursu]s amiable & lib]al1 induc$ me at la/ to take ! bold & simple /ep ( writ+ to ,sir ,h4 ,davy1 express+ my wi%es1 & a hope t1 if an opportunity came 9 8 way1 he w\ld fav\r my views2 at ! same "t ,i s5t ! notes ,i _h tak5 at 8 lectures4 8,! answ]1 :i* makes all ! po9t ( my communication1 ,i s5d y 9 ! orig9al1 reque/+ y to take great c>e ( x1 & to let me h x back1 = y may imag9e h[ mu* ,i value4 8,y w obs]ve t ?is took place at ! end ( ! ye> #ahab1 & e>ly 9 #ahac he reque/$ to see me1 & told me ( ! situation ( assi/ant 9 ! laboratory ( ! ,royal ,in/itution1 !n j vacant4 8,at ! same "t t he ?us gratifi$ my desires z to sci5tific employm5t1 he /ill advis$ me n to give up ! prospects ,i _h be=e me1 tell+ me t ,sci5ce 0 a h>% mi/ress2 &1 9 a pecuni>y po9t ( view1 b poorly rew>d+ ^? :o devot$ !mselves to h] s]vice4 ,he smil$ at my notion ( ! sup]ior moral feel+s ( philosophic m51 & said he w\ld leave me to ! exp]i5ce ( a few ye>s to set me "r on t matt]4 8,f9ally1 ?r\gh 8 good ef=ts ,i w5t to ! ,royal ,in/itution e>ly 9 ,m>* ( #ahac1 z assi/ant 9 ! laboratory2 & 9 ,octob] ( ! same ye> w5t ) him abroad z 8 assi/ant 9 exp]im5ts & 9 writ+4 ,i return$ ) him 9 ,april #ahae1 resum$ my /ation 9 ! ,royal ,in/itution1 & h1 z y "k1 ev] s9ce rema9$ !re4 8,i am1 de> ,sir1 v truly y\rs 8,m4 ,,f>aday40 ,! answ] :i* ,f>aday *>act]i/ically says makes all ! po9t ( ! =ego+ communication is z foll[s3-- 8,decemb] #bd?1 #ahab4 8,,sir1--,i am f> f displeas$ ) ! pro( y h giv5 me ( y\r confid5ce1 & :i* displays great zeal1 p[] ( memory1 & att5tion4 ,i am oblig$ to g out ( t[n1 & %all n be settl$ 9 t[n till ! end ( ,janu>y3 ,i w !n see y at any "t y wi%4 8,x w\ld gratify me to be ( any s]vice to y4 ,i wi% x may be 9 my p[]4 8,i am1 ,sir1 y\r ob$i5t humble s]vant1 8,h4 ,,davy40 ,! imm$iate cause ( ! connection 0 v trivial & commonplace4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,payne1 ^: "n may be recall$ 9 connection ) ,davy's memor&um respect+ ! /ate 9 :i* ! ,laboratory ( ! ,in/itution 0 kept1 9 ! latt] "p ( ,febru>y1 #ahac1 _h a disagreem5t ) ,mr4 ,newman1 ! in/rum5t-mak]1 & s f> =got himself z to /rike t g5tleman4 ,:]eupon ! ,manag]s imm$iately resolv$ t ,mr4 ,payne %\ld be dismiss$ f ! ,royal ,in/itution1 & t a gratuity ( #aj %\ld be paid him 9 consid]ation ( 8 long s]vices4 ,davy appe>s !n to h call$ to m9d ! mode/1 bright-ey$1 active y\? ) ! pleasant smile1 :o _h express$ 8 desire to devote himself to sci5ce4 ,9 ! m9utes ( ! meet+ ( ,manag]s on ,m>* #a/1 #ahac1 we read-- 8,sir ,humphry ,davy has ! hon\r to in=m ! ,manag]s t he has f\nd a p]son :o is desir\s to occupy ! situation 9 ! ,in/itution lately fill$ by ,william ,payne4 ,8 "n is ,mi*ael ,f>aday4 ,he is a y\? ( tw5ty-two ye>s ( age4 ,z f> z ,sir ,h4 ,davy has be5 able to obs]ve or asc]ta91 he appe>s well fitt$ = ! situation4 ,8 habits seem good1 8 disposition active & *e]ful1 & 8 mann] intellig5t4 ,he is will+ to engage himself on ! same t]ms z ^? giv5 to ,mr4 ,payne at ! "t ( quitt+ ! ,in/itution4 8,resolv$--,t ,mi*ael ,f>aday be engag$ to fill ! situation lately occupi$ by ,mr4 ,payne on ! same t]ms40 ,9 ! m9utes ( ! g5]al mon?ly meet+ ( ! memb]s on ,april #e?1 #ahac1 = putt+ 9 nom9ation f ! *air ! pr(essors = ! ye> ensu+1 we read3-- 8,sir ,h4 ,davy rose1 & begg$ leave to resign 8 situation ( ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry2 b he by no means wi%$ to give up 8 connection ) ! ,royal ,in/itution1 z he %\ld ev] be happy to communicate 8 rese>*es 9 ! fir/ in/ance to ! ,in/itution 4441 & to d all 9 8 p[] to promote ! int]e/ & success ( ?is ,in/itution4 ,sir ,h4 ,davy hav+ retir$1 ,e>l ,sp5c] mov$ ,t ! ?anks ( ?is ,meet+ be return$ to ,sir ,h4 ,davy = ! e/imable s]vices r5d]$ by him to ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,?is motion 0 second$ by ! ,e>l ( ,d>nley1 &1 on be+ put1 0 c>ri$ unanim\sly4 ,e>l ,sp5c] fur!r mov$1 ,t 9 ord] m /rongly to m>k ! high s5se ent]ta9$ by ?is ,meet+ ( ! m]its ( ,sir ,h4 ,davy1 he be elect$ ,honor>y ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry2 :i*1 on be+ second$ by ! ,e>l ( ,d>nley1 met ) unanim\s approbation40 ,mr4 ,br&e 0 subsequ5tly elect$ ,pr(essor4 ,dur+ ! autumn ,davy obta9$ p]mission f ,napoleon to pass ?r\gh ,france 9 ! c\rse ( an ext5d$ t\r on ! ,cont95t :i* ,lady ,davy & he n[ project$4 ,he ?us ann\nc$ 8 int5tion to 8 "m3-- 8,&ov]1 ,oct4 #ad1 #ahac4 8,,my ,,de> ,,"m1--,we are j go+ to ! ,cont95t ^u a j\rney ( sci5tific inquiry :i* ,i hope w be pleasant to u & useful to ! _w4 ,we g rapidly ?r\gh ,france to ,italy1 & f !re to ,sicily2 & we %all return ?r\gh ,g]many4 ,we h e assurance f ! gov]nm5ts ( ! c\ntries ?r\gh :i* we pass1 t we %all n be mole/$1 b assi/$4 ,we %all /ay probably a ye> or two4444 8,z soon z ,i h settl$ a plan ( correspond5ce abroad1 ,i w write to y1 & %all he> ( y f ,john z (t5 z possible4 ,z ,i am p]mitt$ to pass ?r\gh an enemy's c\ntry1 !re mu/ be no politics 9 any lett]s to me2 & y _h bett] n write except ?r\gh ! *annel ,i %all h]eaft] po9t out4444 8,:5 ,i return ,i %all peacefully fix my abode = life 9 my own c\ntry4 ,pray take c>e ( ,betsy4 ,:5 ! w9d is cold %e %\ld n ?9k ( go+ out4 ,tell ,grace n to be afraid1 ?\gh ,i am go+ ?r\gh ,france4 ,my love to ,kitty1 & to ,grace & ,betsy4 ,i am1 my de> "m1 wi%+ y all heal? & happ9ess1 y\r v affectionate son 8,h4 ,,davy40 ,on ,octob] #d? we f9d t he report$ to ! ,manag]s t-- 8,mi*ael ,f>aday _h express$ a wi% to accompany him on 8 sci5tific travels1 b t he w\ld n engage ,mr4 ,f>aday if ! ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry consid]$ 8 s]vices z at all ess5tial to ! ,in/itution1 or if ! ,manag]s _h ! slighte/ objection to ! measure40 ,mr4 ,br&e report$ t arrangem5ts c\ld be made to all[ ,mr4 ,f>aday to leave1 8& t z he _h %[n consid]able dilig5ce & att5tion 9 clean+ & arrang+ ! m9]al collection he recomm5d$ 8 s]vices to ! ,manag]s' att5tion1 z ?is 0 n 8 imm$iate duty40 ,a few days aft]w>ds ! p>ty1 consi/+ ( ,sir ,h4 & ,lady ,davy1 ,mr4 ,f>aday1 & ,lady ,davy's maid1 toge!r ) ! *emical cab9et1 cross$ 9 a c>tel f ,plym\? to ,morlaix4 ,"h !y 7 arre/$1 b aft] a week's det5tion1 all[$ to dep>t = ,p>is1 :]e !y arriv$ on ,octob] #bg?4 ,no?+ c\ld exce$ ! cordiality & w>m? ( ,davy's reception by ! ,fr5* savants4 ,on ,novemb] #bnd he att5d$ a sitt+ ( ! ,fir/ ,class ( ! ,in/itute1 & 0 plac$ on ! "r h& ( ! ,presid5t1 :o ann\nc$ to ! meet+ t x 0 hon\r$ by ! pres5ce ( 8,le ,*evali] ,davy40 ,ea* day saw "s reception or ent]ta9m5t 9 8 hon\r4 ,on ,novemb] #aj? he d9$ ) ,rum=d at ,auteuil4 ,h[ mu* _h happ5$ 9 ! t5 ye>s s9ce la/ !y met1 & h[ diff]5t _! situations n[6 ,davy at ! v summit ( 8 sci5tific em95ce1 c\rt$ & c>ess$ by society1 hon\r$ & admir$ by 8 intellectual pe]s2 ,rum=d1 8 =m] patron1 a brok5-he>t$1 disappo9t$ man ab\t to s9k into ! grave1 worri$ to dea?1 9 fact1 by 8 wife1 & ! victim ( ! spiteful p]secutions %e in/igat$4 ,( ! rem>kable m5 ( sci5ce :om ,davy met on ^! occasions he has left u "s slight sket*es compos$ dur+ 8 la/ illness1 "s ( :i* are ( int]e/ to ! /ud5t :o desires to "k some?+ ( ! m5 ^: names are z h\sehold words 9 ! hi/ory ( *emi/ry4 ,guyton de ,morveau--:o play$ su* a lead+ "p 9 ! political ,revolution ( ,france1 z well z 9 ! revolution ( its *emi/ry1 & :o1 ) ,f\rcroy1 popul>is$ ! doctr9es ( ,lavoisi] :il/ br++ 8 head to ! scaffold--0 f\nd to be a g5tleman ( mild & conciliatory mann]s4 ,vauquel9 gave him ! idea ( ! ,fr5* *emi/s ( ano!r age1 belong+ r to ! ph>maceutical laboratory ?an to ! philosophical "o4 8,no?+ c\ld be m s+ul> ?an 8 mann]s1 8 life1 & 8 mnage4 ,two old maid5 ladies1 ,mdlles4 de ,f\rcroy1 si/]s ( ! pr(essor ( t "n1 kept 8 h\se4 ,i rememb] ! fir/ "t t ,i ent]$ x1 ,i 0 u%]$ into a sort ( b$-*amb]1 :i* likewise s]v$ z a draw+-room4 ,"o ( ^! ladies 0 9 b$1 b employ$ 9 prep>ations = ! kit*52 & 0 actually p>+ truffles4444 ,no?+ c\ld be m extraord9>y ?an ! simplicity ( 8 conv]sation2--he _h n ! slighte/ tact1 & ev5 9 ! pres5ce ( "y ladies1 talk$ ( subjects :i*1 s9ce ! p>adisaical times1 nev] h be5 ! objects ( common conv]sation40 8,,cuvi] _h ev5 9 8 address & mann] ! "* ( a sup]ior man2--mu* g5]al p[] & eloqu5ce 9 conv]sation1 & a great v>iety ( in=mation on sci5tific z well z popul> subjects4 ,i %\ld say ( him1 t he is ! mo/ di/+ui%$ man ( tal5ts ,i h kn[n2 b ,i d\bt if he is entitl$ to ! appellation ( a man ( g5ius40 8,,humboldt 0 "o ( ! mo/ agreeable m5 ,i h ev] kn[n1 social1 mode/1 full ( intellig5ce1 ) facilities ( e k9d3 almo/ too flu5t 9 conv]sation4 ,8 travels display a _s ( ent]prise4 ,8 works are monum5ts ( ! v>iety ( 8 k & res\rces40 ,( 8 great rival 8 comm5t is z foll[s3-- 8,,gay ,,lussac 0 quick1 lively1 +5i\s1 & pr(\nd1 ) great activity ( m9d & great facility ( manipulation4 ,i %\ld place him at ! head ( liv+ *emi/s ( ,france40 8,,b]?ollet 0 a mo/ amiable man2 :5 ! fri5d ( ,napoleon ev51 always good1 conciliatory & mode/1 frank & c&id4 ,he _h no airs1 & _m graces4 ,9 e way bel[ ,la ,place 9 intellectual p[]s1 he appe>$ sup]ior to him 9 moral qualities4 ,b]?ollet _h no appe>ance ( a man ( g5ius2 b "o c\ld n look on ,la ,place's physiognomy )\t be+ conv9c$ t he 0 a v extraord9>y man40 ,all acc\nts appe> to %[ t ,davy h>dly treat$ 8 ho/s ) ! cordiality & respect !y ext5d$ to him4 ,8 ,*auv9ism seem$ to get ! bett] ( 8 c\rtesy4 ,!re 01 x is said1 a flippancy 9 8 mann] & a sup]cili\sness & hauteur 9 8 deportm5t :i* surpris$ z mu* z !y (f5d$4 ,napoleon1 ) *>act]i/ic bluntness1 told "o ( ! memb]s ( ! ,in/itute t he _h he>d ! "y ,engli% *emi/ _h a poor op9ion ( !m all4 ,dr4 ,p>is1 :o c\ld c]ta9ly speak f p]sonal k1 /ates t ,davy's un=tunate mann] 0 n s mu* ! expression ( a haughty consci\sness ( sup]iority z ! desire to conceal a mauvaise honte & gau*]ie--an ungraceful timidity he c\ld nev] conqu]1 & :i* (t5 l$ him to =ce himself into a /ate ( effront]y & ) a viol5ce ( ef=t :i* pass$ = a sally ( pride or ! ebullition ( temp]4 ,:atev] ,davy's mann] might h be51 x 0 n all[$ to affect ! admiration felt = 8 g5ius1 & on ,decemb] #ac?1 #ahac1 he 0 ) practical unanimity elect$ a ,correspond+ ,memb] ( ! ,fir/ ,class ( ! ,in/itute4 ,dur+ ! la/ week ( ! prec$+ ,novemb] ,ampre _h giv5 ,davy a small quantity ( a sub/ance :i* he _h obta9$ f ,clem5t1 & :i* _h be5 discov]$ by ,c\rtois1 a soap-boil] & manufactur] ( saltpetre 9 ,p>is1 9 kelp or ! a%es ( sea-we$s4 ,! sub/ance _h ! extraord9>y prop]ty ( giv+ a violet-col\r$ vap\r1 b its true nature & relations 7 unkn[n1 & x 0 commonly designat$ z ,x4 ,al?\gh actually kn[n = "s "t previ\sly1 ! fir/ public notice ( its exi/5ce 0 made by ,clem5t at a meet+ ( ! ,in/itute on ,novemb] #bi?1 #ahac1 & at ! meet+ on ,decemb] #f? ,gay ,lussac pres5t$ a %ort note on ! sub/ance1 to :i* he gave ! "n iode1 & /at$ t x _h analogies to *lor9e4 ,a week lat]--t is1 on ! day ( ,davy's election to ! ,in/itute--a lett] f him to ,cuvi] 0 read1 9 :i* he gave a g5]al view ( ! *emical *>act]s ( ! body2 & on ,janu>y #bj?1 #ahad1 a pap] by him1 dat$ ,p>is1 ,decemb] #aj?1 #ahac1 & entitl$ 8,"s ,exp]im5ts & ,obs]vations on a new ,sub/ance :i* becomes a violet-col\r$ ,gas by ,heat10 0 read to ! ,royal ,society4 ,aft] recit+ ! above facts he expla9s :y he has v5tur$ to take up a subject on :i* ,gay ,lussac 0 /ill engag$4 ,! explanation 0 no d\bt necess>y2 he _h evid5tly n =gott5 ,gay ,lussac's intrusion into 8 own field ( "w on ! occasion ( ! discov]y ( ! metals ( ! alkalis4 ,he fir/ draws att5tion to ! peculi>ities ( ! comb9ation ( ! new sub/ance ) silv]2 ?is1 he %[s1 is m>k$ly diff]5t f silv] *loride4 ,he !n =ms ?is comp\nd syn!tically2 =ms also ! comb9ation ) potassium by direct union1 & describes its prop]ties2 /udies ! action ( *lor9e on ! new sub/ance1 & notes ! =mation ( ! yell[ solid *loride & ! mode ( its decomposition by wat]2 prep>es a numb] ( metallic comp\nds2 /udies ! action ( ! new sub/ance on phosphorus1 ! nature ( ! product1 & its mode ( decomposition by wat]1 ) =mation ( ! :ite cry/all9e phosphonium iodide & hydriodic acid gas4 ,by act+ on ?is gas ) potassium he %[s t x yields half its volume ( hydrog5 & =ms ! same product z by ! direct union ( ! alkali metal ) ! new sub/ance4 ,he fur!r f9ds t ?is gas is =m$ :5 ! new sub/ance & hydrog5 are pass$ ?r\gh a heat$ tube2 x has a v /rong attraction = wat]1 :i* dissolves x to a l>ge ext5t1 & ! conc5trat$ solution rapidly becomes tawny4 ,:5 ! new sub/ance is treat$ ) pota% solution x =ms ! same product z by its direct union ) potassium1 toge!r ) a salt precisely simil> to potassium hyp]-oxymuriate1 & :i*1 l t salt1 is decompos$ :5 heat$1 ) evolution ( oxyg54 ,he %[s t ! new sub/ance is expell$ f its comp\nds :5 ^! are heat$ ) *lor9e4 ,he /udies ! nature ( ! black fulm9at+ comp\nd discov]$ by ,desormes & ,clem5t by act+ on ! new sub/ance ) solution ( ammonia1 & concludes t x is analog\s to ! detonat+ oil ( ,dulong4 ,he attempts to det]m9e ! comb9+ proportion ( ! new sub/ance1 on ! assumption t its comp\nds are analog\s to ^? ( *lor9e1 b he has to admit t 8 exp]im5ts h be5 made ^u quantities too small to af=d exact results4 ,nev]!less !y prove t ! value is mu* high] ?an ^? ( ! simple inflammable bodies1 & high] ev5 ?an ^? ( mo/ ( ! metals4 ,he fur!r %[s t ! comb9ation ) hydrog5 mu/ be "o ( ! heavie/ ela/ic fluids exi/+4 8,f all ! facts t h be5 /at$1 !re is e reason to consid] ?is new sub/ance z an undecomp\nd$ body4 ,9 its specific gravity1 lu/re1 col\r1 & ! high numb] 9 :i* x ent]s into comb9ation1 x resembles ! metals2 b 9 all its *emical ag5cies x is m analog\s to oxyg5 & *lor9e2 x is a non-conductor ( electricity1 & possesses1 l ^! bodies1 ! negative electrical en]gy ) respect to metals1 inflammable & alkal9e sub/ances1 & h5ce :5 comb9$ ) ^! sub/ances 9 aque\s solution & electriz$ 9 ! voltaic circuit1 x sep>ates at ! positive surface2 b x has a positive en]gy ) respect to *lor9e4444 ,x agrees ) *lor9e & fluor9e 9 =m+ acids ) hydrog54 8,! "n ione has be5 propos$ 9 ,france = ?is new sub/ance f its col\r 9 ! gase\s /ate1 f 1 viola2 & its comb9ation ) hydrog5 has be5 nam$ hydroionic acid4 ,! "n ione1 9 ,engli%1 w\ld lead to confusion1 = its comp\nds w\ld be call$ ionic & ionian4 ,by t]m+ x iod9e1 f violace\s1 ?is confusion w be avoid$1 & ! "n w be m analog\s to *lor9e & fluor9e40 ,! rapidity ) :i* ,davy asc]ta9$ ! prop]ties & relations ( ! new sub/ance 0 *>act]i/ic ( him4 ,a =tnight's "w--done p>tly at 8 hotel & p>tly 9 ! laboratory ( ! "y ,*evreul1 amid/ a succession ( int]ruptions caus$ by ftes1 leves1 & visits ( c]emony--suffic$ to accumulate ! mat]ial = 8 ,royal ,society pap]1 9 :i* he gives ) un]r+ precision1 9 spite ( ! small quantity ( ! matt] at 8 disposal1 ! broad outl9es ( ! *emi/ry ( iod9e4 ,! pap] %[s him at 8 be/3 he seems to h seiz$1 z if by in/9ct1 ^u ! c5tral fact ( ! analogy ( iod9e to *lor9e1 & he work$ out ! clue ) a p]spicacity & insight wor?y ( 8 g5ius4 ,z may be surmis$1 ,davy's action h>dly contribut$ to 8 popul>ity ) a c]ta9 section ( ! savants ( ,p>is4 ,gay ,lussac & ,!n>d 7 extremely angry ) ,ampre & ,clem5t = hav+ giv5 him ! mat]ial = 8 inve/igation1 & ! feel+ broke out aft] ! publication ( ,gay ,lussac's memoir 9 ! ,annales de ,*imie 9 #ahad4 ,davy 9 a note publi%$ 9 ! ,j\rnal ( ! ,royal ,in/itution says3-- 8,:o _h mo/ %>e 9 develop+ ! *emical hi/ory ( t body iod9e1 mu/ be det]m9$ by a review ( ! pap]s t h be5 publi%$ ^u x1 & by an exam9ation ( _! respective dates4 ,:5 ,m4 ,clem5t %[$ ,iod9e to me1 he believ$ t ! hydriodic acid 0 muriatic acid2 & ,m4 ,gay ,lussac1 aft] 8 e>ly exp]im5ts1 made orig9ally ) ,m4 ,clem5t1 =m$ ! same op9ion1 & ma9ta9$ x1 :5 ,i fir/ /at$ to him my belief t x 0 a new & peculi> acid1 & t ,iod9e 0 a sub/ance analog\s 9 its *emical relations to ,*lor9e40 ,davy left ,p>is t[>ds ! end ( ,decemb]1 pass+ into ,auv]gne & !nce to ,montpelli]1 :]e he resum$ 8 "w on iod9e4 ,he !n w5t to ,g5oa1 :]e he made "s exp]im5ts on ! electricity ( ! torp$o1 & ab\t ! middle ( ,m>* arriv$ at ,flor5ce4 ,9 a lett] to 8 bro!r ,john he says3-- 8,i h work$ a good deal on iod9e & a little on ! torp$o4 ,iod9e _h be5 9 embryo = two ye>s4 ,i came to ,p>is2 ,clem5t reque/$ me to exam9e x1 & he believ$ t x 0 a comp\nd1 af=d+ muriatic acid4 ,i work$ ^u x = "s "t1 & det]m9$ t x 0 a new body1 & t x af=d$ a peculi> acid by comb9+ ) hydrog51 & ?is ,i m5tion$ to ,gay ,lussac1 ,ampre1 & o!r *emi/s4 ,! fir/ imm$iately #8took ! ^w ( ! ,"l out ( ! m\? ( ,8 s]vant1' & treat$ ?is subject z he _h treat$ potassium & boron4 ,! pap] :i* ,i s5t to ! ,royal ,society on iod9e ,i wrote ) ,clem5t's approbation & a note publi%$ 9 ! #8,j\rnal de ,physique' w v9dicate my priority4 ,i h j got ready = ! ,royal ,society a second pap] on ?is f\r? support] ( combu/ion4 8,! old !ory is ne>ly ab&on$ 9 ,france4 ,b]?ollet1 ) mu* c&\r1 has decid$ 9 fav\r ( *lor9e4 ,i "k no *emi/ b ,!n>d :o upholds x at ,p>is1 & he upholds x feebly1 & by ?is "t1 probably1 has r5\nc$ x4 8,i d\bt if ! organ ( ! torp$o is analog\s to ! pile ( ,volta4 ,i h n be5 able to ga9 any *emical effects by ! %ock s5t ?r\gh wat]2 b ,i tri$ on small & n v active animals4 ,i %all resume ! inquiry at ,naples1 :]e ,i hope to be ab\t ! middle ( ,may4 ,9 my j\rney ,i met ) no difficulties ( any k9d1 & receiv$ e att5tion f ! sci5tific m5 ( ,p>is1 & ! mo/ lib]al p]mission to g :]e ,i pleas$ f ! gov]nm5t4 8,i liv$ v mu* ) ,b]?ollet1 ,cuvi]1 ,*aptal1 ,vauquel91 ,humboldt1 ,morveau1 ,clem5t1 ,*evreul1 & ,gay ,lussac4 ,!y 7 all k9d & att5tive to me2 &1 except = ,gay ,lussac's la/ turn ( publi%+ )\t ackn[l$gem5t :at he _h fir/ le>nt f me1 ,i %\ld h _h no?+ to compla9 (2 b :o c control self-love8 8,x ought n to int]f]e ) tru? & ju/ice2 b ,i w n moralise nor compla94 ,iod9e is z useful an ally to me z ,i c\ld h f\nd at home40 ,at ,flor5ce he work$ 9 ! laboratory ( ! ,accademia del ,cim5to on iod9e & on ! diamond4 ,! results ( 8 "w on iod9e he embodi$ 9 a pap] read to ! ,royal ,society on ,june #af?1 #ahad1 :i* deals ma9ly ) ! iodates1 or1 z he pref]r$ to call !m1 ! oxyiodes4 ,! object ( 8 "w on ! diamond 0 to det]m9e :e!r any peculi> matt] sep>at$ f x dur+ its combu/ion1 & :e!r ! gas =m$ 9 ! process 0 precisely ! same 9 its *emical nature z t produc$ by ! combu/ion ( plumbago & *>coal4 ,at ,flor5ce he made use ( ! great burn+-glass orig9ally employ$ 9 ! trials on ! action ( sol> heat on ! diamond in/itut$ by ,cosmo ,,iii41 ,gr& ,duke ( ,tuscany2 he complet$ ! rese>* 9 ! laboratory ( ! ,accademia dei ,l9cei at ,rome4 ,f ! results ( 8 diff]5t exp]im5ts1 :i* 7 communicat$ to ! ,royal ,society on ,june #bcrd1 #ahad1 x appe>$ t ! diamond af=ds no o!r sub/ance by its combu/ion 9 oxyg5 ?an pure c>bonic acid gas1 & t ! only *emical diff]5ce p]ceptible betwe5 diamond & ! pure/ *>coal is t ! latt] conta9s a m9ute proportion ( hydrog54 8,b10 he asks1 8c a quantity ( an elem5t1 less 9 "s cases ?an #a_/ejjjj "p ( ! weight ( ! sub/ance1 occasion s great a diff]5ce 9 physical & *emical *>act]s80 ,?is he concludes is mo/ unlikely1 =1 z he po9ts out1 ev5 :5 ! m9ute quantity ( hydrog5 is expell$ by heat+ ! *>coal 9 *lor9e1 ! specific diff]5ces rema94 ,! doctr9e at t "t curr5t1 & :i* seem$ inde$ almo/ axiomatic1 8,t bodies _c be exactly ! same 9 composition or *emical nature1 & yet totally diff]5t 9 all _! physical prop]ties10 receiv$ its fir/ great %ock4 ,davy's "w1 no d\bt1 pav$ ! way = ! recognition ( ! fact ( allotropy1 & !reaft] ( isom]ism4 ,9 ,may he w5t to ,naples & made 8 fir/ asc5t ( ,vesuvius1 :i* he revisit$ on sev]al subsequ5t j\rneys4 ,he commission$ "o ( ! guides to in=m him f "t to "t ( ! condition ( ! volcano1 & ! man's lett]s1 9 spite ( _! phonetic address--8,siromfr$evi-,londra0--duly f\nd _! way to ,albem>le ,/reet4 ,he also int]e/$ himself 9 ! excavations at ,pompeii in/itut$ by direction ( ,murat1 !n ,k+ ( ,naples1 & he p]=m$ a numb] ( exp]im5ts on ! col\rs us$ by ! anci5ts 9 pa9t+1 an acc\nt ( :i* 0 communicat$ to ! ,royal ,society on ,febru>y #bcrd1 #ahae4 ,he !n pass$ nor?w>ds ) ! int5tion ( sp5d+ ! summ] at ,g5eva4 ,on 8 way he call$ at ,milan to pay 8 respects to ,volta4 ,( ?is visit he wrote3-- 8,volta ,i saw at ,milan1 9 #ahad1 at t "t advanc$ 9 ye>s1--,i ?9k ne>ly sev5ty & 9 bad heal?4 ,8 conv]sation 0 n brilliant2 8 views r limit$1 b m>k+ great +5uity4 ,8 mann]s 7 p]fectly simple4 ,he _h n ! air ( a c\rti]1 or ev5 ( a man :o _h se5 ! _w40 ,if ,dr4 ,p>is's /ory is to be cr$it$1 ! lack ( brilliancy 9 ! conv]sation ( ! great ,italian physici/ may be attribut$ to ! circum/ances ( ?is meet+4 ,davy1 we are told1 _h writt5 to ann\nce 8 int5d$ visit1 & on ! appo9t$ day & h\r ,volta1 9 full dress1 await$ 8 arrival4 8,on ! entrance ( ! great ,engli% philosoph] into ! ap>tm5t1 n only 9 d%abille1 b 9 a dress ( :i* an ,engli% artisan w\ld h be5 a%am$1 ,volta />t$ back 9 a/oni%m5t1 & su* 0 ! effect ( 8 surprise1 t he 0 = "s "t unable to address him40 ,! p>ty rema9$ at ,g5eva until ! middle ( ,septemb]1 p>tak+ freely ( ! intellectual life :i* t *>m+ city af=d$4 ,"h he met ,saussure ,pictet1 ,de la ,rive1 ,madame de ,/al1 ,b5jam9 ,con/ant1 ,neck]1 & ,talma1 ^: society he greatly enjoy$4 ,) ! approa* ( w9t] he return$ to ,italy vi ! ,br5n] & ,v5ice1 & on ,novemb] #bnd arriv$ at ,rome1 :]e he rema9$ until ,m>* #a/1 #ahae1 occupy+ himself ) 8 inquiry into ! composition ( anci5t col\rs4 ,9 ?is he 0 greatly assi/$ by ! k9dness ( 8 fri5d ,canova1 ! celebrat$ sculptor1 :o 0 !n *>g$ ) ! c>e ( ! works connect$ ) anci5t art 9 ,rome1 & :o suppli$ him ) mat]ial f ! col\rs f\nd 9 ! ,ba?s ( ,titus & ( ,livia1 & o!r palaces & ba?s ( anci5t ,rome & ,pompeii4 ,davy's memoir1 :i* appe>s 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions = #ahae1 displays consid]able antiqu>ian & bibliographical rese>*1 &1 consid]+ 8 limit$ means1 mu* analytical skill & +5uity4 ,! anci5t r$s he f\nd to consi/ ( m9ium1 sev]al v>ieties ( iron o*re1 & v]milion or c9nab>4 ,! yell[s 7 mixtures ( o*res & *alks1 or ( o*re ) m9ium4 ,he 0 unable to discov] t orpim5t 0 us$2 a deep orange yell[ on /ucco 9 ! ru9s ne> ! monum5t ( ,caius ,ce/ius consi/$ ( a mixture ( massicot & m9ium4 ,! blues 7 ma9ly mixtures ( ! ,egyptian or ,alex&r9e blue1 ) m or less *alk4 ,?is ,egyptian blue1 he f\nd1 0 a frit1 made by heat+ soda1 s&1 & copp]1 ei!r us$ z an ore or z metal4 ,he gives a me?od ( mak+ x1 & speaks highly ( its p]man5ce & beauty4 ,! gre5s 71 z a rule1 comp\nds ( copp]4 ,! exact nature ( ! purples he 0 unable to det]m9e2 !y 7 probably organic1 b :e!r obta9$ f %ell-fi% or madd] c\ld n be asc]ta9$4 ,! purpli% r$s 9 ! ,ba?s ( ,titus 7 f\nd to be mixtures ( r$ o*res1 & ! blues 7 copp] comp\nds4 ,! blacks & br[ns 7 mixtures ( c>bonace\s matt] ) oxides ( iron or manganese4 ,! :ites 7 ma9ly *alk1 or occasionally clay2 c]usse1 or :ite-lead1 0 app>5tly n us$4 ,be=e leav+ ,italy he aga9 w5t to ,naples1 = ! purpose ( witness+ ,vesuvius 9 eruption1 & on sev]al occasions he 0 z ne> ! crat] z he c\ld get4 ,he left ,naples on ,m>* #ba/1 & came home by way ( ,v]ona1 ,innsbruck1 ,ulm1 ,/uttg>t1 ,heidelb]g1 & ! ,rh9e1 arriv+ 9 ,london ,april #bcrd1 #ahae4 ,a few days aft] 8 arrival he wrote to 8 "m3-- 8,we h _h a v agreeable & in/ructive j\rney & ,lady ,davy agrees ) me 9 ?9k+ t ,engl& is ! only c\ntry to live 91 h[ev] int]e/+ x may be to see o!r c\ntries4 8,i ye/]day b\ght a good h\se 9 ,grosv5or ,/reet1 & we %all sit d[n 9 ?is happy l&4 8,i beg y to give my be/ & k9de/ love to my si/]s1 & to rememb] me ) all affection to my aunts40 ,f>aday 0 aga9 engag$ z assi/ant 9 ! laboratory ( ! ,royal ,in/itution & sup]9t5d5t ( ! app>atus 7at a sal>y ( #cjs4 a week71 & 0 accommodat$ ) ap>tm5ts at ! top ( ! h\se4 ,9 ,dr4 ,b5ce ,jones's 8,life ( ,f>aday0 we h m detail$ in=mation conc]n+ ?is t\r1 d]iv$ f ! j\rnal :i* ,f>aday kept :il/ he 0 abroad4 ,f>aday describes 9 consid]able detail ! life 9 ,p>is & ! "w on ,iod9e2 we h acc\nts ( ,*evreul's laboratory at ! ,j>d9 des ,plantes1 & ( ,gay ,lussac's lectures at ! cole ,polyte*nique2 ( ! "w on ! torp$o at ,g5oa2 ( ! combu/ion ( ! diamond at ! ,accademia del ,cim5to1 & a description ( ! great burn+-glass1 & h[ x 0 actually employ$2 ( ! exp]im5ts ( ,mori*9i on ! alleg$ magnetisation ( a ne$le by ! sol> rays2 ( 8 meet+ ,volta--8an hale1 eld]ly man1 be>+ ! r$ ribbon1 & v free 9 conv]sation02 ( ! "w at ,rome on *lor\s oxide & iodic acid1 & on ! pigm5ts employ$ by ! anci5ts4 8,! con/ant pres5ce ( ,sir ,humphry ,davy10 wrote ,f>aday to 8 fri5d ,abbott1 8is a m9e inexhau/ible ( k & improvem5t40 ,b he adds3 8,i h sev]al times be5 m ?an half decid$ to return ha/ily home2 b second ?\ghts h /ill induc$ me to try :at ! future may produce 444 ! glori\s opportunities ,i enjoy ( improv+ 9 ! k ( *emi/ry & ! sci5ces cont9ually det]m9e me to f9i% ?is voyage ) ,sir ,h4 ,d4 ,b if ,i wi% to enjoy ^! advantages ,i h to sacrifice mu*1 & ?\gh ^! sacrifices are su* z an humble man w\ld n feel1 yet ,i _c quietly make !m40 ,f>aday's tr\bles arose f 8 anomal\s position 9 ! p>ty4 ,:5 ,davy elect$ to g abroad1 he arrang$ to take 8 valet ) him2 b at ! elev5? h\r ?is man1 mov$ by ! te>s ( 8 wife--to :om ! 8,corsican ,ogre0 0 a k9d ( bogey--refus$ to proce$4 8,:5 ,sir ,h4 in=m$ me ( ?is circum/ance10 says ,f>aday1 8he express$ 8 sorr[ at x1 & said--t if ,i w\ld put up ) a few ?+s on ! road until he got to ,p>is1 do+ ^? ?+s :i* c\ld n be tru/$ to /rang]s or wait]s 444 he w\ld get a s]vant4444 ,at ,p>is he c\ld f9d no s]vant to suit him10 nor 0 he m successful at ,montpelli] or at ,g5oa4 ,x 01 d\btless1 difficult at ?is p]iod to f9d a man 9 su* places :o und]/ood ,engli% & 0 9 o!r respects suitable4 ,f>aday goes on to say3-- 8,sir ,humphry has at all times endeav\r$ to keep me f ! p]=mance ( ^? ?+s :i* did n =m a "p ( my duty1 & :i* might be disagreeable4444 ,i %\ld h b little to compla9 (1 7 ,i travell+ ) ,sir ,humphry alone1 or 7 ,lady ,davy l him2 b h] temp] makes x (t5times g wrong ) me1 ) h]self & ) ,sir ,h4444 8,%e likes to %[ h] au?ority1 & at fir/ ,i f\nd h] extremely e>ne/ 9 mortify+ me4 ,?is occasion$ qu>rels betwe5 u1 at ea* ( :i* ,i ga9$ gr\nd & %e lo/ x2 = ! frequ5cy made me c>e no?+ ab\t !m1 & weak5$ h] au?ority1 & aft] ea* %e behav$ 9 a mild] mann]40 ,h[ ,davy & 8 wife appe>$ to ! _w at ?is "t may be se5 f ! foll[+ extracts f ,ticknor's ,life3-- 8#ahae4 ,june #ac4--;,i breakfa/$ ?is morn+ ) ,sir ,h4 ,davy1 ( :om we h he>d s mu* 9 ,am]ica4 ,he is n[ ab\t ?irty-?ree he 0 actually ?irty-sev51 b ) all ! fre%ness & bloom ( tw5ty-five1 & "o ( ! h&some/ m5 ,i h se5 9 ,engl&4 ,he has a great deal ( vivacity--talks rapidly1 ?\gh ) great precision--& is s mu* int]e/$ 9 conv]sation t 8 excitem5t am\nts to n]v\s impati5ce1 & keeps him 9 con/ant motion4 ,he has j return$ f ,italy1 & delights to talk ( x2 ?9ks x1 next to ,engl&1 ! f9e/ c\ntry 9 ! _w1 & ! society ( ,rome surpass$ only by t ( ,london1 & says he %\ld n die cont5t$ )\t go+ !re aga940 8#ae ,june4--,z h] husb& _h invit$ me to d1 ,i call$ ?is morn+ on ,lady ,davy4 ,i f\nd h] 9 h] p>l\r1 work+ on a dress1 ! cont5ts ( h] basket /rew$ ab\t ! table1 & look+ m l home ?an any?+ s9ce ,i left x4 ,%e is small1 ) black eyes & hair & a v pleasant face1 an uncommonly sweet smile2 & :5 %e speaks has mu* _s & expression 9 h] c\nt5ance4 ,h] conv]sation is agreeable1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! *oice & v>iety ( h] phraseology1 & has m ! air ( eloqu5ce ?an ,i h ev] he>d be=e f a lady4 ,b1 !n1 x has some?+ ( ! appe>ance ( =mality & display1 :i* injures conv]sation4 ,h] mann] is graci\s & elegant2 & ?\gh ,i %\ld n ?9k ( comp>+ h] to ,cor9ne yet ,i ?9k %e has uncommon p[]s40 ,9 ,h5ry ,crabb ,rob9son's ,di>y we read1 "u date ,may #ca/1 #ahac3-- 8,d9$ ) ,wordswor? at ,mr4 ,c>r's4 ,sir ,humphry & ,lady ,davy !re4 ,%e & ,sir ,h4 seem to h h>dly f9i%$ _! honeymoon4 ,miss ,joanna ,baillie said to ,wordswor?1 #8,we h witness$ a picturesque happ9ess4'0 ,9 #ahae x 0 v evid5t ! honeymoon _h wan$ & t ! picturesque happ9ess 0 at an end4 ,h[ev] fitt$ h] lady%ip might be to %9e 9 salons1 at r\ts & fa%ionable ga!r+s1 %e lack$ ! homeli]1 k9dli] *>ms :i* grace ! plac5s uxor4 ,an accompli%$ woman1 ( fa/idi\s ta/e1 fond ( /udy1 upright 9 h] deal+s1 & *>itable to ! poor1 %e 0 )al cold & unsympa!tic1 self-will$ & indep5d5t1 8fitt$ to excite admiration r ?an love1 & nei!r by nature happy 9 h]self1 or qualifi$ to imp>t1 9 ! be/ s5se ( ! t]m1 happ9ess to o!rs40 ,su* is ! "* giv5 ( h] by ,dr4 ,davy2 & he adds1 8,!re 0 an ov]sight1 if n a delusion1 z to ! fitness ( _! union02 & 8x might h be5 bett] = bo? if !y _h nev] met40 ,x 01 no d\bt1 f ! fulness ( 8 own exp]i5ce t ,davy once wrote to a fri5d3-- 8,^u po9ts ( affection x is only = ! p>ties !mselves to =m j op9ions ( :at is really necess>y to ensure ! felicity ( ! m>riage /ate4 ,ri*es appe> to me n at all necess>y1 b compet5ce1 ,i ?9k is2 & aft] ?is m dep5ds ^u ! temp] ( ! individual ?an ^u p]sonal1 or ev5 intellectual circum/ances4 ,! f9e/ spirits1 ! mo/ exquisite w9es1 ! nect>s & ambrosias ( mod]n tables1 w be all spoilt by a few drops ( bitt] extract2 & a bad temp] has ! same effect 9 life1 :i* is made up1 n ( great sacrifices or duties1 b ( little ?+s1 9 :i* smiles & k9dness1 & small obligations giv5 habitually1 are :at w9 & pres]ve ! he>t1 & secure com=t40 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,! ,,safety ,,lamp4 ,%ortly aft] ,davy's return to ,engl& 8 sympa?y 0 enli/$ 9 a cause :i* enabl$ him to display all ! attributes ( 8 g5ius1 & to a*ieve a triumph :i*1 :ile greatly enhanc+ 8 popul> reputation1 add$ no little to 8 sci5tific fame4 ,to %[ him h[ he might be useful1 0 at all times a c]ta9 me?od ( secur+ 8 int]e/2 =1 l ,lavoisi]1 he 0 ev5 m ! fri5d ( humanity ?an ( sci5ce1 & to make sci5ce s]viceable to humanity 01 he consid]$1 ! highe/ object ( 8 call+4 ,dur+ ! e>ly ye>s ( ?is c5tury ! c\ntry 0 repeat$ly %ock$ by ! occurr5ce ( a succession ( disa/r\s colli]y explosions1 especially 9 ! nor? ( ,engl&1 att5d$ by great de/ruction ( life & prop]ty & widespread mis]y & de/itution4 ,! developm5t ( our iron-trade1 ! improvem5ts 9 ! /eam-eng9e1 & ! m g5]al application ( ma*9]y to indu/ry _h greatly /imulat$ ! op5+ out ( our coal-fields2 & ! work+ ( coal 0 be+ ext5d$ ) a rapidity t greatly aggravat$ ! evils & dang]s at all times insep>able f x4 ,9 ! e>ly days ( coal-gett+1 :5 ! pits 7 %all[ & ! work+s comp>atively ne> ! %afts1 fire-damp1 al?\gh n unhe>d (1 0 little dread$1 & explosions 7 r>e--s r>e1 inde$1 t :5 !y occurr$ !y 7 ?\ght wor?y ( m5tion 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions ( ! ,royal ,society4 ,z ! pits became deep]1 & ! ways m ext5d$1 explosions became m frequ5t1 & at times x 0 impossible to "w ! coal1 ow+ to ! accumulation ( fire-damp & its liability to 8fire0 at ! c&les ( ! m9]s4 ,9 #agcb attempts 7 fir/ made to v5tilate ! pits by 8fire-lamps0 or furnaces1 & by me*anical means1 s z to sweep out ! 8sulphur0 by means ( fre% air4 ,c>lisle ,sp$d+1 a little lat]1 inv5t$ ! /eel mill--a contrivance by :i* a disc ( /eel 0 caus$ to revolve aga9/ a piece ( fl9t1 s z to ?r[ (f a %[] ( sp>ks suffici5tly lum9\s to enable ! m9] to c>ry on 8 bus9ess4 ,9 spite ( ! 8sp>k-emitt+ :eel10 & ( ! sy/ems ( v5tilation introduc$ by ,ryan1 ,james ,sp$d+1 ,john ,buddle1 & o!rs1 8! sw>t demon ( ! m9e0 grew m & m =midable1 & dem&$ a great] numb] ( victims e ye>4 ,me*anical sci5ce w\ld appe> to h sp5t itself1 & ! m9+ _w 0 gradually com+ to look ^u fire-damp ) ! fatalism ) :i* ignorant & sup]/iti\s p reg>d ! plague4 ,"s ( ! great coal own]s--p[]less to d m1 b afraid ( ! ris+ tide ( public op9ion--us$ _! influ5ce ) ! newspap]s to suppress all allusion to ^! calamities4 ,b _m p]sons1 especially ! physicians & cl]gym5 9 ! m9+ di/ricts1 :o 7 witnesses ( ! suff]+ & di/ress :i* ! 8fir+0 ( a m9e occasion$1 kept public att5tion alive by means ( pamphlets & lett]s & notices to su* j\rnals z w\ld ins]t _! communications4 ,"o colli]y--! ,br&l+ ,ma9 or ,fell+ ,colli]y1 ne> ,gate%ead-on-,tyne--acquir$ an un5viable notoriety f ! frequ5cy ) :i* x fir$4 ,on ,may #be?1 #ahab1 an explosion occurr$ :i* kill$ n9ety-two m5 & boys4 ,no calamity ( su* magnitude _h ev] happ5$ be=e 9 a coal m9e4 ,eighte5 mon?s aft]w>ds a second explosion took place by :i* tw5ty-?ree lives 7 lo/4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> explosions occurr$ at ,p]cy ,ma91 ,hebburn1 & ,seafield4 ,9 ,june1 #ahae1 ,newbottle ,colli]y explod$ ) ! loss ( fifty-sev5 m5 & boys1 & ?is 0 imm$iately foll[$ by a simil> disa/] at ,%]iff ,hill4 ,! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,hodgson--! hi/orian ( ,nor?umb]l&--9 ^: p>i% ! ,br&l+ ,ma9 0 situat$1 publi%$ a p>ticul> acc\nt ( ! fir/ ,fell+ ,colli]y ,explosion4 ,?is 0 widely circulat$1 & ultimately f\nd its way into ,?omson's ,annals ( ,philosophy1 :i* cont9u$ to pr9t acc\nts ( simil> accid5ts z !y occurr$4 ,at l5g? ,mr4 ,j4 ,j4 ,wilk9son1 a b>ri/] resid5t 9 ! ,temple1 sugge/$ ! =mation ( a society to inve/igate ! :ole subject & to seek = rem$ies4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,durham & ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,gray1 aft]w>ds ,bi%op ( ,bri/ol1 b !n ,rector ( ,bi%opwe>m\?1 l$ ! way1 & ultimately ! society 0 in/itut$ on ,octob] #a/1 #ahac1 ) ,sir ,ralph ,millbanke1 aft]w>ds ,sir ,ralph ,noel1 z ,presid5t4 ,its fir/ report conta9s a lett] f ,mr4 ,john ,buddle1 ! great au?ority on ! v5tilation ( coal m9es1 9 :i* he expresses 8 conviction t me*anical ag5cies are practically p[]less to prev5t explosions 9 m9es subject$ to sudd5 bur/s ( fire-damp1 & he concludes 8t ! hopes ( ?is society ev] see+ its mo/ desirable object accompli%$ mu/ re/ ^u ! ev5t ( "s me?od be+ discov]$ ( produc+ su* a *emical *ange ^u c>burett$ hydrog5 gas z to r5d] x innoxi\s z fa/ z x is dis*>g$1 or z x approa*es ! neighb\rhood ( lights4 ,9 ?is view ( ! subject1 x is to sci5tific m5 only t we mu/ look up = assi/ance 9 provid+ a *eap & effectual rem$y40 ,! society receiv$ a numb] ( sugge/ions1 = ! mo/ "p :olly impracticable1 & g5]ally ( ! "* ( t ( ,dr4 ,trott]1 :o propos$ to flood ! m9es ) *lor9e4 ,a v>iety ( air-tight or insulat$ lamps 7 sugge/$ by ,clanny1 ,br&l+1 ,murray1 & o!rs1 mu* on ! same l9es z t devis$ by ,humboldt1 b none ( !m appe>s to h be5 s]i\sly tri$4 ,"u ^! circum/ances x 0 decid$ to ask = ! co-op]ation ( ,davy1 & ) t object ,mr4 ,wilk9son call$ ^u him at ! ,royal ,in/itution1 9 ! autumn ( #ahac1 b f\nd he _h left = ,p>is4 ,a few mon?s aft] 8 return ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,gray wrote to him on ! subject1 & receiv$ ! foll[+ lett] 9 reply3-- 8,augu/ #c1 #ahae4 84444 8,x w give me great satisfaction if my *emical k c be ( any use 9 an enquiry s int]e/+ to humanity1 & ,i beg y w assure ! committee ( my read9ess to co-op]ate ) !m 9 any exp]im5ts or inve/igations on ! subject4 8,if y ?9k my visit+ ! m9es c be ( any use1 ,i w *e]fully d s4 99 99 99 99 99 8,i %all be "h t5 days long]1 & on my return ,s\?1 w visit any place y w be k9d en\gh to po9t out to me1 :]e ,i may be able to acquire in=mation on ! subject ( coal gas40 ,dr4 ,gray1 9 reply1 ref]r$ him to ,mr4 ,john ,buddle1 ( ! ,walls5d ,colli]y4 ,on ,augu/ #bd?1 #ahae1 ,mr4 ,buddle wrote to ,dr4 ,gray3-- 8,p]mit me to (f] my be/ ackn[l$gm5ts = ! opportunity :i* y\r att5tion to ! cause ( humanity has af=d$ me ( be+ introduc$ to ,sir ,humphry ,davy4 8,i 0 ?is morn+ fav\r$ ) a call f him1 & he 0 accompani$ by ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,hodgson4 ,he made p>ticul> enquiries into ! nature ( ! dang] aris+ f ! dis*>ge ( ! inflammable gas 9 our m9es4 ,i %all supply him ) a quantity ( ! gas to analyze2 & he has giv5 me reason to expect t a sub/itute may be f\nd = ! /eel mill1 :i* w n fire ! gas4 ,he seems also to ?9k x possible to g5]ate a gas1 at a mod]ate exp5se1 :i*1 by mix+ ) ! atmosph]ic curr5t1 w s f> neutralise ! inflammable air1 z to prev5t x fir+ at ! c&les ( ! workm54 8,if he %\ld be s =tunate z to succe$ 9 ei!r ! "o or ! o!r ( ^! po9ts1 he w r5d] ! mo/ ess5tial b5efit to ! m9+ int]e/ ( ?is c\ntry1 & to ! cause ( humanity 9 p>ticul>40 ,aft] sp5d+ a few days 9 ! di/rict ) ,mr4 ,hodgson & ,dr4 ,gray1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* he saw & exp]im5t$ ) ,dr4 ,clanny's lamp1 he w5t on a r\nd ( visits 9 ,durham & ,york%ire1 & arriv$ 9 ,london at ! end ( ,septemb]4 ,e>ly 9 ,octob] a quantity ( fire-damp 0 s5t to him by ,mr4 ,hodgson1 ! receipt ( :i* he ackn[l$g$ on ! #ae?1 say+3-- 8,my exp]im5ts are go+ on successfully & ,i hope 9 a few days to s5d y an acc\nt ( !m2 ,i am go+ to be =tunate f> beyond my expectations40 ,f\r days aft]w>ds he aga9 wrote to ,mr4 ,hodgson /at+ t he _h discov]$ 8t explosive mixtures ( m9e-damp w n pass ?r\gh small ap]tures or tubes2 & t if a lamp or lan?orn be made air-tight on ! sides1 & furni%$ ) ap]tures to admit ! air1 x w n communicate flame to ! outw>d atmosph]e40 ,on ! #be? ,octob] he gave an acc\nt ( 8 "w to ! ,*emical ,club4 ,on ,octob] #cj? he wrote to ,dr4 ,gray & to ,mr4 ,hodgson1 giv+ a description ( ?ree =ms ( safe lamps4 ,8 lett] to ,dr4 ,gray 0 z foll[s3-- 8,z x 0 ! consequ5ce ( y\r invitation t ,i endeav\r$ to inve/igate ! nature ( ! fire-damp1 ,i owe to y ! fir/ notice ( ! progress ( my exp]im5ts4 8,my results h be5 successful f> beyond my expectations4 ,i %all enclose a little sket* ( my views on ! subject2 & ,i hope 9 a few days to be able to s5d a pap] ) ! app>atus = ! committee4 ,i tru/ ! safe lamp w answ] all ! objects ( ! colli]4 8,i consid] ?is at pres5t z a private communication4 ,i wi% y to exam9e ! lamps ,i h _h con/ruct$1 be=e y give any acc\nt ( my lab\rs to ! committee4 8,i h nev] receiv$ s mu* pleasure f ! result ( any ( my *emical lab\rs2 = ,i tru/ ! cause ( humanity w ga9 some?+ by x40 ,mr4 ,hodgson's lett] 0 %[n to sev]al p]sons1 & appe>s to h be5 copi$ by "s1 on or ab\t ,novemb] #bnd1 & an extract f x appe>$ 9 ,dunn's 8,view ( ! ,coal ,trade40 ,on ,novemb] #i? ,davy read 8 fir/ pap] on ! subject be=e ! ,royal ,society2 x 0 entitl$ 8,on ! fire-damp ( coal m9es1 & on ! me?ods ( light+ ! m9es s z to prev5t its explosion40 ,aft] describ+ ! mann] 9 :i* 8 att5tion _h be5 specially call$ to ! subject1 he /ates t he fir/ made exp]im5ts ) a v>iety ( phosphori 7,kunckel's1 ,canton's1 & ,baldw9's71 & also ) ! electrical light 9 close vessels1 9 ! hope t !y might be f\nd to af=d ! requisite am\nt ( illum9ation2 b ! results 7 n enc\rag+4 ,aft] an acc\nt ( ! *emical *>act]s ( ! fire-damp s5t to him by ,mr4 ,hodgson1 he describes ! results ( exp]im5ts on its combu/ibility & explosive nature1 & on ! degree ( heat requir$ to explode x :5 mix$ ) air4 ,9 respect ( its combu/ibility fire-damp 0 f\nd to diff] mo/ mat]ially f ! o!r common inflammable gases 9 t x requir$ a f> high] temp]ature to effect its inflammation or explosion4 ,moreov]1 x 0 f\nd t ! flame =m$ by ! union ( air & fire-damp w\ld n pass ?r\gh tubes ( a c]ta9 m9imum diamet]2 8& 9 comp>+ ! p[] ( tubes ( metal & ^? ( glass1 x appe>$ t ! flame pass$ m readily ?r\gh glass tubes ( ! same diamet]2 & t explosions 7 /opp$ by metallic tubes ( "o-fif? ( an in* :5 !y 7 an in* & a half long2 & ?is ph5om5on probably dep5ds ^u ! heat lo/ dur+ ! explosion 9 contact ) s great a cool+ surface1 :i* br+s ! temp]ature ( ! fir/ portions explod$ bel[ t requir$ = ! fir+ ( ! o!r portions4 ,metal is a bett] conductor ( heat ?an glass2 & x has be5 already %[n t fire-damp requires a v /rong heat = its inflammation40 ,! obs]vation t mixtures ( air & coal-gas w\ld n explode 9 v n>r[ tubes _h be5 previ\sly made1 unkn[n to ,davy1 by ,wolla/on & ,t5nant4 ,davy likewise f\nd t explosions w\ld n pass ?r\gh v f9e wire sieves or wire gauze4 ,he also not$ t an admixture ( c>bonic acid & nitrog51 ev5 9 small proportions1 ) explosive mixtures ( fire-damp greatly dim9i%$ ! velocity ( ! inflammation4 8444 ,x is evid5t !n1 t to prev5t explosions 9 coal m9es x is only necess>y to use air-tight lant]ns1 suppli$ ) air f tubes or canals ( small diamet]1 or f ap]tures cov]$ ) wire-gauze plac$ bel[ ! flame1 ?r\gh :i* explosions _c be communicat$ & hav+ a *imney at ! upp] "p1 z a simil> sy/em = c>ry+ (f ! f\l air2 & common lant]ns may be easily adapt$ to ! purpose by be+ made air-tight 9 ! door & sides1 by be+ furni%$ ) ! *imney & ! sy/em ( safety ap]tures bel[ & above4 ,! pr9ciple be+ kn[n1 x is easy to adapt & multiply practical applications ( x40 ,illu/ration3 ,,davy',s ,,exp]im5tal ,,safety ,,lamps4 ,he !n devis$ a numb] ( lamps on ?is pr9ciple1 & subject$ !m to trial ) explosive mixtures 9 v>i\s ways4 ,! plate on page #aii1 copi$ f ! orig9al pap] 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions1 %[s ! successive =ms ?r\gh :i* ! lamps pass$4 ,illu/ration ,on ,janu>y #aa?1 #ahaf1 he read a second pap] to ! ,royal ,society1 entitl$1 8,an acc\nt ( an inv5tion = giv+ light 9 explosive mixtures ( fire-damp 9 coal m9es by consum+ ! fire-damp10 9 :i* he %[s t ! tubes or canals z well z ! sides ( ! lant]ns may be replac$ by cages or cyl9d]s ( wire gauze4 ,! inflammable mixture w readily pass ?r\gh ! me%es ( ! gauze & w burn )9 x1 fill+ ! cyl9d] ) a bright flame1 b no explosion w pass outw>ds1 ev5 al?\gh ! wire becomes heat$ to r$ness4 ,a =tnight lat] he read a ?ird pap] to ! ,society1 8,on ! ,combu/ion ( ,explosive ,mixtures conf9$ by ,wire ,gauze1 ) "s ,obs]vations on ,flame10 9 :i* he gives ! results ( fur!r inquiries respect+ ! limits ( ! size ( ! ap]tures1 & ( ! wire 9 ! metallic gauze requir$ to %ield ! flame ( an oil-lamp1 & describes a numb] ( illu/rations ( ! action ( ! gauze 9 l[]+ ! temp]ature ( ! explosive mixture bel[ ! po9t ( ignition4 ,"s ( ^! illu/rations are n[ among ! /ock exp]im5ts ( ! lecture !atre4 ,he (f]s "s obs]vations conc]n+ ! ess5tial nature ( flame1 & concludes by in=m+ ! ,society t 8 8cyl9d] lamps i4e4 lamps ( :i* ! flames are enclos$ )9 a cyl9d] ( gauze3 see ,fig4 #aa1 p4 #aii h be5 tri$ 9 two ( ! mo/ dang]\s m9es ne> ,newca/le ) p]fect success40 ,! =m :i* ! lamp f9ally took 9 ! h&s ( ,mr4 ,newman1 ! in/rum5t-mak]1 is se5 on p4 #bjj4 ,! trials above ref]r$ to 7 fir/ made by ,mr4 ,mat?ias ,dunn & ! indefatigable ,mr4 ,hodgson 9 ! ,hebburn ,colli]y1 & %ortly aft]w>ds by ,mr4 ,john ,buddle 9 ! ,wall's ,end ,colli]y4 ,mr4 ,buddle has plac$ on record 8 impressions ( 8 fir/ exp]i5ce4 8,i fir/ tri$ x10 he says1 89 an explosive mixture on ! surface2 & !n took x into a m9e2 444 x is impossible = me to express my feel+s at ! "t :5 ,i fir/ susp5d$ ! lamp 9 ! m9e & saw x r$ hot4444 ,i said to ^? ar\nd me #8,we h at la/ subdu$ ?is mon/]4'0 ,"s mon?s aft]w>ds ,davy accompani$ ,mr4 ,buddle into ! pit & saw 8 lamp 9 actual use4 8,sir ,humphry 0 delight$10 says ,mr4 ,buddle1 8& ,i 0 ov]:elm$ ) feel+s ( gratitude to t great g5ius :i* _h produc$ x40 ,fur!r te/imony ( ,mr4 ,buddle's appreciation ( ?is memorable inv5tion may be se5 f ! foll[+ extract f a lett] by him to ,davy4 ,x is n only int]e/+ 9 view ( ,davy's rem>k t 8! evid5ce ( ! use ( a practical discov]y is ( mo/ value :5 furni%$ by practical m510 b also z %[+ ! rapidity ) :i* ! discov]y 0 tak5 advantage (3-- 8,walls ,end ,colli]y1 ,newca/le1 ,june #a/1 #ahaf4 8,aft] hav+ introduc$ y\r safety lamp into g5]al use 9 all ! colli]ies "u my direction1 :]e inflammable air prevails1 & aft] us+ !m daily 9 e v>iety ( explosive mixture1 = upw>ds ( ?ree mon?s1 ,i feel ! highe/ possible gratification 9 /at+ to y t !y h answ]$ to my entire satisfaction4 8,! safety ( ! lamps is s easily prov$ by tak+ !m into any "p ( a m9e *>g$ ) fire-damp1 & all ! explosive gradations ( t dang]\s elem5t are s easily & satisfactorily asc]ta9$ by _! application1 z to /rike ! m9ds ( ! mo/ prejudic$ ) ! /ronge/ conviction ( _! high utility2 & our colli]s h adopt$ !m ) ! greate/ eag]ness4 8,besides ! facilities af=d$ by ?is inv5tion to ! work+ ( coal m9es ab\nd+ 9 fire-damp1 x has enabl$ ! directors & sup]9t5d5ts to asc]ta91 ) ! utmo/ precision & exp$ition1 bo? ! pres5ce1 ! quantity1 & ! correct situation ( ! gas4 ,in/ead ( creep+ in* by in* ) a c&le1 z is usual1 along ! gall]ies ( a m9e suspect$ to conta9 fire-damp1 9 ord] to asc]ta9 its pres5ce1 we walk firmly 9 ) ! safe lamps1 & ) ! utmo/ confid5ce prove ! actual /ate ( ! m9e4 ,by obs]v+ att5tively ! sev]al appe>ances ^u ! flame ( ! lamp1 9 an exam9ation ( ?is k9d1 ! cause ( accid5ts :i* h happ5$ to ! mo/ exp]i5c$ & cauti\s m9]s is completely develop$2 & ?is has be51 9 a great measure1 matt] ( m]e conjecture4 8,i feel peculi> satisfaction 9 dwell+ ^u a subject :i* is ( ! utmo/ importance1 n only to ! great cause ( humanity1 & to ! m9+ int]e/ ( ! c\ntry1 b also to ! comm]cial & manufactur+ int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom2 = ,i am conv9c$ t by ! happy inv5tion ( ! safe lamp l>ge proportions ( ! coal m9es ( ! empire w be r5d]$ available1 :i* o!rwise might h rema9$ inaccessible1 at lea/ )\t an inv5tion ( simil> utility1 :i* c\ld n h be5 wr\ght )\t mu* loss ( ! m9]al1 & risk ( life & capital4 8,x is n necess>y t ,i %\ld enl>ge ^u ! national advantages :i* mu/ necess>ily result f an inv5tion calculat$ to prolong our supply ( m9]al coal1 because ,i ?9k !m obvi\s to e reflect+ m9d2 b ,i _c conclude1 )\t express+ my highe/ s5tim5ts ( admiration = ^? tal5ts :i* h develop$ ! prop]ties1 & controll$ ! p[]1 ( "o ( ! mo/ dang]\s elem5ts :i* human ent]prise has hi!rto _h to enc\nt]40 ,?is lett] is only "o ( _m receiv$ by ,davy f practical m51 all tell+ ! same /ory ( wond] & a/oni%m5t 8t s simple a look+ in/rum5t %\ld defy an enemy h]et(ore unconqu]able02 & all express+ ! deepe/ gratitude to him z its inv5tor1 (t5 9 language :i* ga9s 9 =ce1 & ev5 9 eloqu5ce1 f its v homel9ess & simple pa?os4 ,! foll[+ address f ! ,:itehav5 colli]s 0 among ! pap]s l5t to me by ,dr4 ,rolle/on3-- 8,septemb] #ah1 #ahaf4 8,we1 ! und]sign$1 m9]s at ! ,:itehav5 ,colli]ies1 belong+ to ! ,e>l ( ,lonsdale1 return our s9c]e ?anks to ,sir ,humphry ,davy1 = 8 invaluable discov]y ( ! safe lamps1 :i* are to u life pres]v]s2 & be+ ! only return 9 our p[] to make1 we mo/ humbly (f] ?is1 our tribute ( gratitude40 ,! names ( eighty-two m9]s are app5d$--! majority ( !m--viz4 =ty-sev5--) _! m>k 77 affix$4 ,:at ! le>n$ _w ?\ght may be judg$ f ! foll[+ extracts f an article 9 ! ,ed9burgh ,review--a p]iodical n always *>act]is$ by a j appreciation ( ! "w ( ! ,royal ,in/itution pr(essors1 = ! lit]ature ( sci5ce conta9s few ?+s m dis+5u\s or m spiteful ?an ! attack ( 8! "y g5tleman f ,ed9burgh0--aft]w>ds kn[n z ,"l ,br\gham--on ,?omas ,"y :5 he fir/ made kn[n ! undulatory !ory ( light4 ,9 ! ,review = ,febru>y1 #ahaf1 ,mr4 ,playfair beg9s 8 article on ,davy's discov]y by po9t+ out t-- 8,! safe lamp is a pres5t f philosophy to ! arts1 & to ! class ( m5 fur!/ remov$ f ! influ5ce ( sci5ce4 ,! discov]y is 9 no degree ! effect ( accid5t2 & *ance1 :i* comes 9 = s l>ge a %>e 9 ! cr$it ( human inv5tions1 has no claims on "o :i* is altoge!r ! result ( pati5t & enlight5$ rese>*4444 8,?is is exactly su* a case z we %\ld *oose to place be=e ,bacon1 7 he to revisit ! e>?1 9 ord] to give him1 9 a small compass1 an idea ( ! advancem5t :i* philosophy has made1 s9ce ! "t :5 he _h po9t$ out to h] ! r\te :i* %e ought to pursue4 ,! great use ( an imm$iate & con/ant appeal to exp]im5t _c be bett] ev9c$ ?an 9 ?is example4 ,! result is z wond]ful z x is important4 ,an invisible & impalpable b>ri] made effectual aga9/ a =ce ! mo/ viol5t & irresi/ible 9 its op]ations2 & a p[]1 t 9 its trem5d\s effects seem$ to emulate ! lightn+ & ! e>?quake1 conf9$ )9 a n>r[ space1 & %ut up 9 a net ( ! mo/ sl5d] texture1--are facts :i* mu/ excite a degree ( wond] & a/oni%m5t f :i* nei!r ignorance nor wisdom c def5d ! behold]4 ,:5 to ?is we add ! b5eficial consequ5ces & ! sav+ ( ! lives ( m5 & consid] t ! effects are to rema9 z long z coal cont9ues to be dug f ! b[els ( ! e>?1 x may fairly be said t !re is h>dly 9 ! :ole compass ( art or sci5ce a s+le inv5tion ( :i* "o w\ld r wi% to be ! au?or40 ,davy 0 urg$ by sev]al ( 8 fri5ds to protect 8 inv5tion by a pat5t4 ,among !m 0 ,mr4 ,buddle1 :o po9t$ out to him t he might h receiv$ 8 five or t5 ?\s& a ye> f x4 8,my good fri5d10 0 8 answ]1 8,i nev] ?\ght ( su* a ?+3 my sole object 0 to s]ve ! cause ( humanity2 & if ,i h succe$$1 ,i am amply rew>d$ 9 ! gratify+ reflection ( hav+ done s4444 ,m weal? c\ld n increase ei!r my fame or my happ9ess4 ,x might und\bt$ly enable me to put f\r horses to my c>riage2 b :at w\ld x avail me to h x said t ,sir ,humphry drives 8 c>riage & f\r80 ,! gratitude ( "s ( ! lead+ colli]y proprietors = an inv5tion s unselfi%ly plac$ at _! disposal f\nd expression 9 a lett] f ! *airman ( a g5]al meet+ ( ! coal-own]s held at ,newca/le on ,m>* #ah?1 #ahaf1 convey+ ! t]ms ( a vote ( ?anks4 ,a few mon?s aft]w>ds x 0 det]m9$ t _! appreciation %\ld take a m sub/antial =m1 & a g5]al meet+ ( ! coal-own]s 0 held at ,walls5d ,colli]y on ,augu/ #ca/1 #ahaf1 at :i* x 0 resolv$ to make ,davy a pres5t ( plate4 ,a note ( opposition 0 at once s\nd$1 & x came f "o ( ! proprietors ( ! ,fell+ ,colli]y4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,br&l+ urg$ t x 0 n prov$ t ,sir ,humphry ,davy 0 ! fir/ & true inv5tor ( ! safety lamp1 or ev5 ! discov]] ( ! pr9ciple on :i* x 0 bas$4 8,! conviction10 he said1 8^u my m9d is1 t ,mr4 ,george ,/eph5son1 ( ,kill+wor? ,colli]y1 is ! p]son :o fir/ discov]$ & appli$ ! pr9ciple ^u :i* safe lamps may be con/ruct$2 = :e!r ! hydrog5 gas is admitt$ ?r\gh capill>y tubes1 or ?r\gh ! ap]tures ( wire-gauze1 :i* may be consid]$ z m]ely ! orifices ( capill>y tubes1 does n1 z ,i conceive1 9 ! lea/ affect ! pr9ciple40 ,! opposition ?us />t$ v quickly ga!r$ /r5g?1 & by appeals to local prejudice & to ignorance a degree ( heat & ev5 animosity 0 import$ into ! "q1 :i* s]v$ no o!r purpose ?an to confuse ! true issue4 ,at an adj\rn$ meet+ ( ! coal-own]s held on ,octob] #aa?1 #ahaf1 ,mr4 ,william ,br&l+ mov$-- 8,t ! meet+ d adj\rn1 until by a comp>ison ( dates x %all be asc]ta9$ :e!r ! m]it ( ! safety lamp belongs to ,sir ,humphry ,davy1 or to ,mr4 ,george ,/eph5son40 ,al?\gh ,mr4 ,br&l+ fail$ to conv9ce ! meet+1 x becomes necess>y 9 ! int]e/s ( tru? & ju/ice to exam9e ! gr\nds ^u :i* ,george ,/eph5son--a man ( und\bt$ g5ius1 & ( an integrity z blameless z t ( ,davy1 & :o1 z ! pione] ( railway ent]prise1 subsequ5tly acquir$ a fame z high & z des]v$ z t ( ! great *emi/--has claims to be reg>d$ z an inv5tor ( ! safety lamp4 ,9 equity1 x mu/ be admitt$ t ! "q is n m]ely a "q ( dates1 = 9 assign+ m]it 9 a matt] ( ?is k9d ! calm] judgm5t ( po/]ity is n :olly sway$ by priority ( date2 x looks to circum/ances1 conditions1 motives1 & x apportions its me$ ( approbation accord+ly4 ,! glory ( ,prie/ley z an indep5d5t discov]] ( oxyg5 is 9 n[ise dimm$ by ! circum/ance t ,s*eele is n[ kn[n to h discov]$ x be=e him4 ,x _c be tru?fully ass]t$ t ,davy 0 n an indep5d5t inv5tor ( ! safety lamp4 ,:at has to be det]m9$ is1 has ,george ,/eph5son any su* claim8 ,/eph5son's claim has be5 ably & temp]ately /at$ by ,dr4 ,smiles 9 8 biography ( ,george ,/eph5son1 9 8,! ,lives ( ! ,eng9e]s10 b an unbiass$ review ( ! evid5ce w conv9ce mo/ p t1 h[ev] c]ta9 x may be t ! ,kill+wor? eng9e-t5t] 0 an indep5d5t se>*] aft] a me?od ( protect+ a flame1 x is equally c]ta9 t he 0 n ! discov]] ( ! true pr9ciple on :i* ! safety lamp is con/ruct$1 & t ! lamp associat$ ) 8 "n1 al?\gh x be>s ! impress ( ! crude ideas ) :i* he />t$1 owes its real m]it to ! discov]ies ( ,davy4 ,?is controv]sy & ! feel+ x gave rise to greatly exasp]at$ ,davy1 & 8 ang] is manife/$ 9 8 lett]s at ! "t4 ,! action ( ! ,br&l+s he seem$ to ?9k 0 inspir$ by ! mo/ unwor?y motives4 ,z to 8 rival1 he says3-- 8,i nev] he>d a ^w ( ,george ,/eph5son & 8 lamps till six weeks aft] my pr9ciple ( security _h be5 publi%$2 & ! g5]al impression ( ! sci5tific m5 9 ,london1 :i* is confirm$ by :at ,i he>d at ,newca/le1 is1 t ,/eph5son _h "s loose idea float+ 9 8 m9d1 :i* he _h unsuccessfully attempt$ to put 9 practice till aft] my lab\rs 7 made kn[n2--!n1 he made some?+ l a safe lamp1 except t x is n safe1 = ! ap]tures bel[ are f\r times1 & ^? above tw5ty times too l>ge2 b1 ev5 if ,/eph5son's plans _h n be5 po/]ior to my pr9ciples1 /ill !re is no analogy betwe5 8 glass explod+ ma*9e1 & my metallic tissue p]meable to light & air1 & imp]meable to flame40 ,on ! #be? ( ,septemb]1 #ahag1 z ,davy pass$ ?r\gh ,newca/le on 8 return f ,scotl&1 ! coal-own]s :o _h subscrib$ to 8 te/imonial invit$ him to a banquet & pres5t$ him ) ! plate1 :i*1 9 accordance ) 8 wi%es1 took ! =m ( a d9n]-s]vice4 8,i wi%10 he _h said1 8t ev5 ! plate f :i* ,i eat %\ld awak5 my remembrance ( _! lib]ality1 & put me 9 m9d ( an ev5t :i* m>ks "o ( ! happie/ p]iods ( my life40 ,! *airman--8 fri5d ,mr4 ,lambton1 aft]w>ds ! ,e>l ( ,durham1 & :o 0 ) him "u ! c>e ( ,dr4 ,b$does at ,bri/ol--made ! pres5tation 9 an impressive & felicit\s spee*1 & ,davy ackn[l$g$ x 9 t]ms wor?y ( himself & ( ! occasion4 ,9 a subsequ5t spee*1 9 response to ! toa/ ( 8 heal?1 he dilat$ ^u ! !me always upp]mo/ 9 8 m9d1 & to :i* he nev] neglect$ ! opportunity to give utt]ance1 namely1 ! b5efit ( ab/ract sci5ce to mank9d4 ,he _h an admirable moral to :i* to po9t1 & x 0 driv5 home ) all 8 wont$ skill & p[]4 ,9 :at mann] ?is plate1 :i* 0 valu$ at ab\t #b1ejj1 0 subsequ5tly made subs]vi5t to ! int]e/s ( sci5ce w be se5 h]eaft]4 ,! fri5ds ( ,/eph5son 7 n want+ 9 ! c\rage ( _! convictions or 9 det]m9ation to give sub/antial pro( ( x4 ,9 ! foll[+ ,novemb] !y met & resolv$ t z 9 _! op9ion ,mr4 ,g4 ,/eph5son _h be5 ! fir/ to discov] ! pr9ciple ( safety & to apply x1 he 0 entitl$ to "s rew>d4 ,:]eupon ,davy's fri5ds aga9 assembl$ 9 public meet+ on ,novemb] #bf?1 #ahag1 & pass$ resolutions to ! effect t 9 _! op9ion ! m]it belong$ to ,sir ,humphry ,davy alone1 & t ,/eph5son's late/ lamps 7 evid5t imitations ( ^? ( ,sir ,humphry ,davy2 & !y fur!r ord]$ t copies ( _! resolutions %\ld appe> 9 a numb] ( local1 ,london1 & ,ed9burgh pap]s1 & be s5t to ! pr9cipal own]s & lessors ( colli]ies ^u ! ,tyne & ,we>4 ,davy's fri5ds 9 ,london also ex]t$ !mselves 9 8 behalf1 & a copy ( resolutions simil> 9 purport to ^? pass$ 9 ,newca/le1 sign$ by ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 ,p4,r4,s41 ,br&e1 ,hat*ett1 & ,wolla/on1 0 s5t to ! newspap]s4 ,mr4 ,br&l+ & 8 fri5ds ev5tually collect$ ab\t #hjj 7includ+ #ajj gu9eas :i* ! meet+ ( ,octob] #aa? _h aw>d$ ,/eph5son z an ackn[l$gm5t ( 8 ef=ts to con/ruct a safe lamp71 & gave x1 toge!r ) a silv] tank>d1 to ,mr4 ,/eph5son at a public d9n] 9 ,janu>y1 #ahah4 ,?is is n ! place to foll[ ! subsequ5t hi/ory ( ! ,davy lamp1 or to describe ! v>i\s modifications :i* h gr[n out ( x1 or ev5 to %[ ! dang]s :i* a l>g] exp]i5ce reveals z lat5t 9 its orig9al =m4 ,^! dang]s h 9 great measure aris5 f ! developm5t ( ! v sy/em ( v5tilation :i* ,buddle himself in/itut$2 & he :o 9 8 joy exult+ly exclaim$1 8,at la/1 we h subdu$ ?is mon/]60 has unwitt+ly contribut$ to ! malefic5t activity ( ! mon/] 9 cop+ ) ! lamp z ,buddle knew x4 ,9 ! c\rse ( 8 num]\s trials made to elucidate ! pr9ciple ( ! safety lamp1 ,davy obs]v$ c]ta9 peculi>ities connect$ ) flame :i* l$ him to take up ! g5]al "q4 ,h5ce arose a s]ies ( inve/igations1 :i* h contribut$ 9 no small degree to our k ( a p>ticul>ly difficult & intricate subject4 ,he prov$1 9 ! fir/ place1 t flame mu/ be consid]$ z an explosive mixture ( inflammable gas or vap\r & air1 & t ! heat communicat$ by x mu/ dep5d ^u its mass4 ,! diff]5t appe>ance ( a flame ( coal gas burn+ 9 a jet 9 ! op5 air1 & 9 8 safety lamp mix$ ) common air1 l$ him to inve/igate ! cause ( lum9osity 9 flame4 ,he says3-- 8,9 reflect+ on ! circum/ances ( ! two species ( combu/ion ,i 0 l$ to imag9e t ! cause ( ! sup]iority ( ! light ( ! /ream ( coal gas might be ow+ to ! decomposition ( a "p ( ! gas t[>ds ! int]ior ( ! flame1 :]e ! air 0 9 smalle/ quantity1 & ! deposition ( solid *>coal1 :i*1 fir/ by its ignition1 & aft]w>ds by its combu/ion1 increas$ 9 a high degree ! int5sity ( ! light40 ,! pr9ciple ( ! increase ( ! brilliancy & d5sity ( flame by ! production & ignition ( solid matt] expla9s ! appe>ance ( ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! flames ( burn+ bodies1 & ( ! bl[-pipe flame2 x also expla9s ! int5sity ( ! light ( ^? flames 9 :i* fix$ solid matt] is produc$ 9 combu/ion1 e4g4 phosphorus & z9c 9 oxyg51 potassium 9 *lor9e2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 ! feebl5ess ( ! light ( flames 9 :i* gase\s & volatile matt] is alone produc$1 e4g4 hydrog5 9 oxyg51 phosphorus 9 *lor9e4 ,davy's !ory has n be5 un*all5g$1 b all subsequ5t rese>*1 :5 pu%$ suffici5tly f>1 has %[n t1 z reg>ds all ord9>y illum9at+ flames1 i4e4 c>bonace\s flames--e4g4 coal-gas1 oil1 p>aff91 c&le--! pres5ce ( solid inc&esc5t c>bon is a prime cause ( _! lum9osity4 ,x _h be5 obs]v$ t ! r>efaction ( a mixture ( inflammable gases dim9i%es its combu/ibility3 ,davy prov$ t ?is dim9ution 0 n ! result ( ! removal ( pressure p] se1 b ( ! cool+ effect ?us indirectly produc$4 ,h5ce1 ! l[] ! temp]ature ( ignition ( a gase\s mixture ! m x may be r>efi$ )\t becom+ un9flammable4 ,9 l mann] he %[s t by heat+ ! gase\s mixture x may be caus$ to explode at a l[] temp]ature1 & t :5 gases comb9e by sudd5 compression1 ! comb9ation is caus$ by ! heat evolv$4 ,also t ! p[] ( an indiff]5t gas to prev5t ! explosion ( a gase\s mixture dep5ds ^u its p[] ( ab/ract+ heat1 & t ! high] ! temp]ature ( ignition ( ! explosive mixture ! less is ! am\nt ( indiff]5t gas requir$ to /op ! explosion4 ,he prov$ t x 0 q possible to effect ! gradual comb9ation ( gases )\t flame--t is1 )\t ! production ( heat suffici5t to raise ! products to inc&esc5ce2 & he discov]$ ! s+ul> fact t plat9um w\ld induce ! comb9ation ( _m inflammable gases & vap\rs1 & on ?is circum/ance bas$ ! con/ruction ( 8 flameless lamp4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 ! e>ly summ] ( #ahah1 he ?us wrote to 8 "m3-- 8,,my ,,de> ,,"m1--,we are j go+ on a v int]e/+ j\rney4 ,i am fir/ to visit ! coal m9]s ( ,fl&]s1 :o h s5t me a v k9d lett] ( invitation & ( ?anks = sav+ _! lives4 ,we are !n go+ to ,au/ria1 :]e ,i %all %[ ,vi5na to ,lady ,davy1 & !n visit ! m9es2 & la/ly1 be=e ,i return1 we are go+ to visit ,naples4 8,i h ! comm&s ( 8 ,royal ,highness ! ,pr9ce ,reg5t to make exp]im5ts ^u "s v int]e/+ anci5t manuscripts1 :i* ,i hope to unfold4 ,i _h ye/]day ! hon\r ( an audi5ce f 8 ,royal ,highness1 & he commission$ me to pursue ?is object 9 ! mo/ graci\s & k9d mann]4444 8,we %all be abs5t "s mon?s4 ,) k9de/ love to my si/]s & my aunts1 8,i am1 my de> "m1 8,y\r mo/ affectionate son1 8,h4 ,,davy40 ,a few mon?s aft] ?is visit to ! ,pr9ce ,reg5t he receiv$ ! intimation t he _h be5 creat$ a b>onet4 ,he arriv$ at ,naples 9 ! autumn1 & began 8 rese>*es on ! ,h]culaneum manuscripts ref]r$ to 9 8 lett]4 ,8 fir/ results 7 suffici5tly enc\rag+ to induce him to make "s prolong$ exp]im5ts ) a view ( discov]+ a me?od ( unfold+ !m4 ,he f\nd t ! papyri _h suff]$ n s mu* f fire1 z 0 believ$1 z f a gradual *ange 9 vegetable /ructure1 simil> to t :i* accompanies ! trans=mation ( vegetable matt] into lignite4 ,he manag$ to unroll a numb]1 & an acc\nt ( 8 results 0 communicat$ to ! ,royal ,society 9 #ahba4 ,b f ! fragm5t>y "* ( ! papyri ^! 7 f\nd to be ( little value to lit]ature4 ,subsequ5tly difficulties 7 put 9 8 way by ! curators ( ! museum1 & ultimately 8 inve/igations 7 ab&on$1 n )\t "s little exhibition ( temp] & res5tm5t on 8 "p4 ,dur+ 8 /ay at ,naples he aga9 int]e/$ himself 9 ! volcanic ph5om5a ( ,vesuvius1 & 8 obs]vations con/itute ! mat]ial ( a pap] :i* 0 publi%$ 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions 9 #ahbg1 & _m ( 8 p]sonal exp]i5ces 9 connection ) ! subject are ref]r$ to 9 8 la/ "w1 8,consolations 9 ,travel40 ,he left ,naples 9 ! spr+ ( #ahai1 & aft] a %ort /ay at ! ba?s ( ,lucca he w5t = ! summ] & e>ly autumn into ! ,tyrol1 :5ce he aga9 proce$$ to ,lucca1 & on ! approa* ( w9t] return$ to ,naples1 :]e he arriv$ on ,decemb] #a/4 ,he quitt$ x 9 ! spr+ ( #ahbj1 & travell$ sl[ly home by ! s\? ( ,france & ,bordeaux1 arriv+ 9 ,engl& ab\t ! middle ( ,june4 ,on ! #ai? ( t mon? ,sir ,joseph ,banks di$1 & s t]m9at$ 8 =ty-two ye>s' presid5cy ( ! ,royal ,society1 to :i* position he 0 elect$ be=e ,davy 0 ev5 born4 ,davy imm$iately ann\nc$ 8 int5tion ( becom+ a c&idate = ! vacant *air1 & 0 elect$ at ! foll[+ anniv]s>y meet+ on ,novemb] #cj?4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,davy ,,& ,,! ,,royal ,,society--,,8 ,,la/ ,,days4 ,davy 0 elect$ into ! ,royal ,society 9 #ahjc4 ,8 c]tificate describes him z 8a g5tleman ( v consid]able sci5tific k1 & au?or ( a pap] 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions40 ,two ye>s aft]w>ds--t is1 9 8 tw5ty-sev5? ye>--he 0 aw>d$ ! ,copley m$al2 f :i* we may inf] ei!r t ! ,society consid]$ _! m$al n to h ! lu/re x n[ possesses1 or t !y _h a confid5t belief 9 ! p[] & com+ greatness ( ! recipi5t1 s9ce ! pap]s = :i* x 0 giv5 are p]haps ! lea/ m]itori\s ( ,davy's productions4 ,8 active int]e/ 9 ! affairs ( ! ,society l$ to 8 election--or r selection1 = ! appo9tm5t 9 ^? days 0 made by ! ,presid5t--z "o ( ! ,secret>ies1 a position he held until #ahab1 :5 he resign$ x at ! "t ( 8 m>riage4 ,9 #ahaf he receiv$ ! ,rum=d m$al ( ! ,society = 8 "w 9 connection ) flame & ! safety lamp--an aw>d :i* w\ld h giv5 a peculi> satisfaction to ,rum=d _h he liv$ to witness x4 ,on ! dea? ( ,sir ,joseph ,banks ! g5]al voice ( ! ,fell[s seem$ to designate ,wolla/on z 8 successor4 ,x 01 inde$1 ,sir ,joseph ,banks's desire t ,dr4 ,wolla/on %\ld be nom9at$4 8,s excell5t a man10 he rem>k$ to ,b>r[1 8( su* sup]ior tal5ts1 & ev]yway fitt$ = ! situation4 ,davy is a lively & tal5t$ man1 & a ?or\gh *emi/2 b 444 he is r too lively to fill ! *air ( ! ,royal ,society ) t degree ( gravity :i* x is mo/ becom+ to assume40 ,oh ?is gravity6 8,la gravit10 says ,la ,ro*ef\cauld1 8e/ un my/re du corps1 inv5t p\r ca*] les dfauts de l'esprit40 ,& ,sir ,joseph _h en\gh ( x & to sp>e4 ,wolla/on--a man ( wide k1 /eady1 cauti\s1 & sure1--( cool judgm5t & sagaci\s views1 z ,davy said ( him--felt no incl9ation to accept a position = :i* 8 retir+ habits & retic5t disposition to "s ext5t unfitt$ him1 & he decl9$ to be put 9 nom9ation4 ,davy's attitude is indicat$ 9 ! foll[+ lett] to 8 fri5d ,poole3-- 8,i feel t ! ,presid5t's *air1 aft] ,sir ,joseph1 w be no light matt]2 & unless !re is a /rong feel+ 9 ! majority ( ! body t ,i am ! mo/ prop] p]son1 ,i %all n sacrifice my tranquillity = :at _c add to my reputation1 ?\gh x may increase my p[] ( be+ useful4 8,i feel x a duty t ,i owe to ! ,society to (f] myself2 b if !y d n feel t !y want me1 7& ! mo/ active memb]s1 ,i believe1 d7 ,i %all n =ce myself ^u !m40 ,! 8/rong feel+ 9 ! majority0 0 %[n on ! day ( election4 ,a few votes 7 giv5 9 fav\r ( ,"l ,col*e/]1 b ,davy's triumph 0 practically complete4 ,he ?us writes to ,mr4 ,poole 9 answ] to a lett] ( congratulation3-- 8,i h nev] ne$$ any motive to atta* me to sci5ce1 :i* ,i h pursu$ ) equal ard\r "u all circum/ances1 = its own sake1 & = ! sake ( ! public1 un9flu5c$ by ! fe>s ( my fri5ds1 or ! calumnies ( my enemies4 ,i glory 9 be+ 9 ! *air ( ! ,royal ,society1 because ,i ?9k x ought to be a rew>d ( sci5tific lab\rs1 & n an app5dage to rank or =tune2 & because x w enable me to be useful 9 a high] degree 9 promot+ ! cause ( sci5ce40 ,davy 0 re-elect$ to ! ,presid5tial ,*air )\t opposition = sev5 successive ye>s--until1 9 %ort1 8 fail+ heal? compell$ him to resign4 ,al?\gh ! ,society owes mu* to him1 he himself d]iv$ little satisfaction or pleasure f ! position4 ,he soon f\nd1 z he anticipat$1 t ! ,presid5t's ,*air1 aft] ,sir ,joseph1 0 no light matt]2 & !re is little d\bt t ! worries & c>es ( ! (fice contribut$ to 8 untimely dea?4 ,9 be>+1 mann]1 temp]am5t--9 fact1 9 almo/ e p>ticul>ity--he 0 ! v opposite to 8 pr$ecessor2 & :5 ! discont5t :i* _h slumb]$1 ) an occasional awak5+1 dur+ ,sir ,joseph's long reign1 & :i* 8 firmness1 tact1 & ! weight ( 8 p]sonal "* _h = ! "t allay$1 broke out1 ,davy 0 too impulsive & irascible to deal ) x z ,banks _h done1 & matt]s :i* a less s5sitive or a m impassive man w\ld h unhe$$ 7 causes ( annoyance & ill-temp] to him1 & s]v$ to add to ! _s ( disunion :i* prevail$4 ,b if he occasionally lack$ discretion1 he 0 nev] want+ 9 zeal4 ,he lab\r$ incessantly to add to ! dignity & usefulness ( ! ,society4 ,he /rove 9 e way to enhance ! "* ( its publications & to raise ! /&>d ( ,fell[%ip4 ,8 great ambition 0 to br+ ! ,society into m intimate relation ) ! ,/ate4 8,x 0 8 wi%10 says 8 bro!r1 8to h se5 ! ,royal ,society an effici5t e/abli%m5t = all ! great practical purposes ( sci5ce1 simil> to ! college contemplat$ by ,"l ,bacon1 & sket*$ 9 8 ,new ,atlantis2 hav+ subord9ate to x ! ,royal ,obs]vatory at ,gre5wi* = a/ronomy2 ! ,briti% ,museum1 = natural hi/ory1 9 its mo/ ext5sive acceptation40 ,realis+ 9 8 own case :at su* a laboratory z t ( ! ,royal ,in/itution1 support$ :olly by private lib]ality1 _h done = sci5ce1 x 0 8 desire t simil> laboratories1 amply provid$ ) all means requisite = orig9al inquiry1 %\ld be ma9ta9$ & adm9i/]$ by ! ,society4 ,b1 z 8 bro!r adds1 ! ,gov]nm5t1 al?\gh ready en\gh to consult him :5 9 want ( 8 k or ( t ( o!r ,fell[s ( ! ,society1 0 lukew>m & indiff]5t 9 matt]s ( sci5ce1 & he receiv$ no effectual support4 ,x is true t t[>ds ! end ( 8 ,presid5cy ! ,society receiv$ a m>k ( ,royal fav\r by ! f\ndation ( ! ,royal ,m$als 9 #ahbe1 b f v>i\s causes ! m$als 7 n actually =?com+ until #ahcc1 :5 ! ,duke ( ,sussex 0 9 ! ,*air1 al?\gh no few] ?an t5 aw>ds _h be5 made 9 ! meantime4 ,9 8 att5tion to ! p]sonal duties ( 8 (fice ,davy 0 unremitt+4 ,8 addresses 7 a feature ( ! session2 9 ^! he display$ all ! ard\r1 eloqu5ce & poetical f]v\r1 &1 x may be add$1 all ! egoism1 :i* *>act]is$ 8 lectures4 ,he delight$ to dwell ^u ! p[] & dignity ( sci5ce1 its wor? z a m5tal in/rum5t1 & its value to ! national life4 ,9 8 ann\ncem5ts ( ! aw>ds ( ! ,society's m$als ! range ( 8 k1 8 p[] ( exposition1 & 8 faculty ( felicit\s expression f\nd ample opportunity = ex]cise4 ,he 0 ! fir/ ,presid5t to introduce obitu>y notices ( ,fell[s1 & 8 loges are m>k$ by judgm5t1 ta/e1 & w>m? ( feel+4 ,9 ev]y?+ t relat$ to ! dignity & c]emony ( 8 (fice he 01 z might h be5 expect$1 mo/ punctili\s4 ,al?\gh z a rule some:at c>eless 9 dress1 he inv>iably took ! *air 9 full ,c\rt dress1 sitt+ cov]$1 & ) ! mace ( (fice--! v]itable 8bauble0 :i* ,cromwell ord]$ to be remov$ f ! table ( ! ,h\se ( ! ,commons--9 front ( him1 z is /ill ! cu/om4 ,to enhance 8 dignity we are told t he petition$ ,gov]nm5t = ! ,r$ ,ribbon ( 8 pr$ecessor1 & x 0 said t he felt s c]ta9 8 reque/ w\ld be grant$ t 8 "n 0 pr9t$ ) ! covet$ lett]s ,k4,b4 app5d$4 ,dur+ ! session he foll[$ ! practice ( ,sir ,joseph ,banks 9 assembl+ ! ,fell[s at a weekly conv]sazione at 8 h\se 9 ,l[] ,grosv5or ,/reet4 ,subsequ5tly1 on 8 removal to ,p>k ,/reet1 ^! meet+s 7 held 9 ! ap>tm5ts ( ! ,society at ,som]set ,h\se4 ,davy's vivacity & conv]sational p[]s made ! ga!r+s 9 ! outset a great success1 b :5 ! tide ( 8 unpopul>ity z ,presid5t set 91 ! att5dance fell (f1 & !y 7 ev5tually discont9u$4 ,dur+ ! autumn prec$+ 8 fir/ election he sp5t "s "t ) ,scott at ,abbots=d1 9 company ) ,wolla/on & ,mack5zie 7! ,man ( ,feel+71 & ,lockh>t gives "s acc\nt ( him z ! p>ty />t$ on a sport+ exp$ition on a ,septemb] morn+4 8,b ! mo/ picturesque figure 0 ! illu/ri\s inv5tor ( ! safety lamp4 ,he _h come = 8 fav\rite sport ( angl+ 444 & 8 fi%]man's co/ume--a br[n hat ) flexible brims1 surr\nd$ ) l9e ^u l9e1 & innum]able fly-hooks2 jack-boots wor?y ( a ,dut* smuggl]1 & a fu/ian surt\t dabbl$ ) ! blood ( salmon--made a f9e contra/ to ! sm>t jackets1 :ite-cord bree*es1 & well poli%$ jockey-boots ( ! less di/+ui%$ cavali]s ab\t him4 ,dr4 ,wolla/on 0 9 black1 & ) 8 noble s]5e dignity ( c\nt5ance might h pass$ = a sport+ ar*bi%op4444 ,i h se5 ,sir ,humphry 9 _m places1 & 9 company ( _m diff]5t descriptions2 b nev] to su* advantage z at ,abbots=d4 ,8 ho/ & he delight$ 9 ea* o!r1 & ! mode/y ( _! mutual admiration 0 a memorable spectacle4 ,davy 0 by nature a poet--& ,scott1 ?\gh any?+ b a philosoph] 9 ! mod]n s5se ( t t]m1 might1 ,i ?9k x v likely1 h pursu$ ! /udy ( physical sci5ce ) zeal & success1 _h he happ5$ to fall 9 ) su* an in/ructor z ,sir ,humphry w\ld h be5 to him1 9 8 e>ly life4 ,ea* /rove to make ! o!r talk--& !y did s 9 turn m *>m+ly ?an ,i h ev] he>d ei!r on any o!r occasion :atsoev]4 ,scott 9 8 romantic n>ratives t\*$ a deep] cord ( feel+ ?an usual1 :5 he _h su* a li/5] z ,davy2 & ,davy1 :5 induc$ to op5 8 views ^u any "q ( sci5tific int]e/ 9 ,scott's pres5ce1 did s ) a degree ( cle> en]getic eloqu5ce1 & ) a fl[ ( imag]y & illu/ration1 ( :i* nei!r 8 habitual tone ( table-talk 7lea/ ( all 9 ,london71 nor any ( 8 prose writ+s 7except1 inde$1 ! po/hum\s ,consolations 9 ,travel7 c\ld sugge/ an adequate notion4 ,i say 8 prose writ+s--= :o t has read 8 sublime quatra9s on ! doctr9e ( ,sp9oza c d\bt t he might h unit$1 if he _h pleas$1 9 "s great didactic poem1 ! vigor\s ratioc9ation ( ,dryd5 & ! moral maje/y ( ,wordswor?8 ,i rememb] ,william ,laidlaw :isp]+ to me1 "o night1 :5 _! #8wrapt talk' _h kept ! circle r\nd ! fire until long aft] ! usual b$-"t ( ,abbots=d--#8,gude pres]ve u6 ,?is is a v sup]ior occasion6 ,eh1 sirs6' he add$1 cock+ 8 eye l a bird1 #8,i wond] if ,%akspe>e & ,bacon ev] met to screw ilk o!r up8'0 ,9 spite ( ! _m calls ^u 8 "t & en]gies entail$ by 8 duties z ,presid5t1 he /ill f\nd opportunity to "w 9 8 laboratory1 & "o outcome ( 8 lab\rs 0 a pap] 8,on ! magnetic ph5om5a produc$ by electricity10 publi%$ 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions = #ahba--! sequel ( a lett] address$ to ,wolla/on & also pr9t$ 9 ! ,transactions4 ,?is memoir 0 foll[$ a few mon?s lat] by a communication 8,on ! ,electrical ph5om5a exhibit$ 9 vacuo40 ,^! pap]s1 toge!r ) "o on a ,new ,ph5om5on ( ,electro-,magnetism1 publi%$ 9 #ahbc1 are int]e/+ 9 relation to ! developm5t ( ,o]/$'s great discov]y1 & 9 connection ) ! subsequ5t "w ( ,f>aday4 ,) t p[] ( g5]alisation :i* is "o ( ! di/+ui%+ m>ks ( 8 g5ius1 he %[s ! possible connection ( ! facts he _h obs]v$ ) ! ph5om5a ( t]re/rial magnetism4 ,he concludes 8 fir/ pap] by ask+ 8:e!r ! magnetism ( ! e>? may n be ow+ to its electricity1 & ! v>iation ( ! ne$le to ! alt]ations 9 ! electrical curr5ts ( ! e>?1 9 consequ5ce ( its motions1 int]nal *anges1 or its relations to sol> heat2 & :e!r ! lum9\s effects ( ! auroras at ! poles are n %[n1 by ^! new facts1 to dep5d on electricity4 ,?is is evid5t1 t if /rong electrical curr5ts be suppos$ to foll[ ! app>5t c\rse ( ! sun1 ! magnetism ( ! e>? ought to be su* z x is f\nd to be40 ,x is p]haps idle to speculate on su* a matt]1 b x is m ?an likely t _h ,davy be5 free f ! c>es & re/ra9ts ( (fice1 & f ! innum]able di/ractions insep>able f 8 position 9 ! social & sci5tific _w ( ,london1 he might h reveal$ ! possibilities 9 electro-magnetism ) ! same brilliant success z he _h done ^? ( voltaic electricity4 ,he 0 n[ at ! maturity ( 8 m5tal p[]1 & _h /ill mu* ( ! en?usiasm & ard\r :i* *>act]is$ 8 e>lie/ "w1 & "u s]5] conditions he might h a*iev$ triumphs n less /rik+ ?an ^? res]v$ = ,f>aday4 ,8 few %ort pap]s on ! subject indicate t he fully realis$ ! great weal? ( ! new t]ritory ?us op5$ out to sci5ce1 & into :i* he 0 "o ( ! fir/ to p5etrate4 ,b x is sad to ?9k t he might h ext5d$ a m g5]\s h& to "o :o1 equally ) himself1 0 /riv+ to ent] ! new l&1 & :o ev5tually did ent] & = a "t possess$ x4 ,9 ! conclud+ words ( ,davy's la/ pap] on electro-magnetism1 we disc]n 9 ! allusion to ,wolla/on's idea ( ! possibility ( ! rotation ( ! electro-magnetic wire r\nd its axis 8! rift )9 ! lute0 9 8 relations t[>ds 8 assi/ant1 :i* wid5$ 9 ! matt] ( ! cond5sation ( *lor9e1 & :i* ?reat5$ to become an op5 brea* :5 ,f>aday 0 elect$ into ! ,royal ,society4 ,! jeal\sy ?us manife/$ by ,davy is "o ( ! mo/ pitiful facts 9 8 hi/ory4 ,x 0 a sign ( t moral weakness :i* 0 at ! bottom ( mu* ( 8 unpopul>ity1 & :i* reveal$ itself 9 v>i\s ways z 8 physical /r5g? decay$4 ,gre$y z he 0 ( fame--t infirmity ( noble m9ds--_m incid5ts 9 8 life up to ?is p]iod prove t he 0 n want+ on occasion 9 a g5]\s appreciation ( ! "w ( 8 contempor>ies1 ev5 9 fields he might reasonably claim z 8 own4 ,b1 al?\gh 9 8 intellectual combats he c\ld %[ at times a c]ta9 knightly c\rtesy1 x mu/ be confess$ t he 0 lack+ 9 ! magnanimity :i* spr+s f ! *>ity t envie? n4 ,9 g5ius he 0 unque/ionably sup]ior to ,f>aday2 9 true nobility ( "* he 0 f> bel[ him4 ,x is almo/ impossible to avoid comp>+ him ) ,f>aday4 ,inde$ x is "o ( ! p5alties ( 8 position t he has to be tri$ by s sev]e a /&>d1 & x may well be t 8 good "n1 :i*1 z ,bacon says1 is ! prop] inh]itance ( ! deceas$1 has suff]$ unduly 9 consequ5ce4 ,8 true place 9 ! hi/ory ( sci5ce is def9$ by 8 discov]ies2 x is a sad reflection t ! lu/re ( 8 fame has be5 dimm$ r ?an height5$ by :at has be5 /yl$ ! greate/ ( !m all--,f>aday4 ,b !re has und\bt$ly be5 inju/ice 9 ! comp>isons :i* h be5 made4 ,:at ,davy 0 to ,f>aday1 ,f>aday w\ld h be5 ! fir/ to admit4 ,davy made himself :at he 0 by ! %e] =ce ( 8 unaid$ g5ius2 :at ,f>aday became 0 9 l>ge measure due to 8 connection ) ,davy1 & ! g]ms ( 8 greate/ works are to be trac$ to ?is association4 ,?is fact has be5 frankly ackn[l$g$ by ,f>aday4 ,to ! end ( 8 days he reg>d$ ,davy z 8 true ma/]1 pres]v+ to ! la/1 9 spite ( 8 k ( ! moral frailties ( ,davy's nature1 ! respect & ev5 rev]5ce :i* is to be se5 9 8 e>ly lecture notes & 9 8 lett]s to 8 fri5d ,abbott4 ,f>aday 0 n easily r\s$ to ang]1 b no?+ s effectually mov$ him z any asp]sion ( ,davy's "* z a man ( sci5ce1 or any ins9uation ( ung5]\s treatm5t ( himself by ,davy4 ,at ab\t ?is "t--t is1 9 ! autumn ( #ahbc--;,davy gave ! fir/ signs ( ! obscure malady :i* ultimately occasion$ 8 dea?4 ,9 a lett] to 8 bro!r1 9 :i* he describes 8 symptoms1 we h a ref]5ce1 also1 to 8 dome/ic worries3 8,to add to my annoyances1 ,i f9d my h\se1 z usual1 aft] ! arrangem5ts made by ! mi/ress ( x1 )\t female s]vants2 b 9 ?is _w we h to suff] & be>1 & f ,socrates d[n to humble mortals1 dome/ic discom=t seems a sort ( philosophical fate40 ,he 0 able1 h[ev]1 to cont9ue 8 sci5tific "w1 b in/ead ( ! fame & applause on :i* he s confid5tly c\nt$1 he f\nd only disappo9tm5t & *agr94 ,9 #ahbc ! ,admiralty s\ght ! advice ( ! ,royal ,society z to 8! be/ means ( secur+ to ! s]vice copp] ( ! mo/ durable quality1 & su* z w pres]ve ! smoo!/ surface40 ,a committee ( ! ,society 0 appo9t$1 "u ,davy's direction1 to consid] ! "q1 :i* ultimately resolv$ itself into "o ( prev5t+ ! corrosion ( ! metal4 ,9 ?is matt] ,davy's special exp]i5ce prov$ mo/ useful1 &1 z a fact1 he took all ! exp]im5tal "p ( ! inquiry ^u himself1 & ) :at result may be se5 f ! foll[+ lett] to 8 bro!r3-- 8,firle1 ,jan'y #cj1 #ahbd4 8,i h lately made a discov]y ( :i* y w = _m reasons be glad4 ,i h f\nd a complete me?od ( pres]v+ ! copp] %eet+ ( %ips1 :i* n[ readily corrodes4 ,x is by r5d]+ x negatively electrical4 ,my results are ( ! mo/ beautiful & unequivocal k9d3 a mass ( t9 r5d]s a surface ( copp] #bjj or #cjj times its own size suffici5tly electrical to h no action on sea wat]4 8,i 0 l$ to ?is discov]y by pr9ciple1 z y w easily imag9e2 & ! sav+ to gov]nm5t & ! c\ntry by x w be imm5se4 ,i am go+ to apply x imm$iately to ! navy4 ,i might h made an imm5se =tune by a pat5t = ?is discov]y1 b ,i h giv5 x to my c\ntry2 = 9 ev]y?+ connect$ ) int]e/1 ,i am resolv$ to live & die at lea/ #8sans t*e4'0 ,8 me?od ( r5d]+ ! copp] negatively electric consi/$ 9 affix+ to ! %eets a numb] ( %ort b>s ( iron or z9c1 prop]ly curv$ to ! %ape ( ! vessel4 ,9 ?is way ! 8protectors10 z ! z9c or iron b>s 7 call$1 gradually corrod$1 :il/ ! copp] rema9$ unattack$4 ,b1 z ,dr4 ,p>is rem>ks1 ! tru? ( ! !ory 0 completely e/abli%$ by ! failure ( ! rem$y4 ,! %ip's bottom became s f\l by ! adhesion ( %ells & we$ t h] spe$ 0 greatly imp$$1 & aft] a numb] ( trials1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* a /eam vessel 0 plac$ at 8 disposal1 9 :i* he made a voyage to ,norway & back1 ! ,admiralty direct$ ! protectors to be remov$4 ,to add to 8 mortification1 ! ord] 0 issu$ imm$iately aft] a communication to ! ,royal ,society ann\nc+ ! complete success ( 8 plan4 ,?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ?is bus9ess he 0 expos$ to a numb] ( vexati\s attacks1 :i* greatly embitt]$ him & react$ disa/r\sly ^u 8 heal? & "*4 ,s long z !re 0 ! hope ( success & ! prospect ( rew>d 8 claims to ! orig9ality ( ! inv5tion 7 conte/$3 no soon] 0 ! project ab&on$ ?an he 0 assail$ 9 ! p]iodical press & made an object ( s>casm & c5sure4 ,z might be imag9$1 8 philosophy 0 n pro( aga9/ su* attacks4 ,he wrote to 8 fri5d ,*ildr5-- 8,a m9d ( mu* s5sibility might be disgu/$1 & "o might be induc$ to say :y %\ld ,i lab\r = public objects1 m]ely to meet abuse8--,i am irritat$ by !m m ?an ,i ought to be2 b ,i am gett+ wis] e day--recollect+ ,galileo1 & ! times :5 philosoph]s & public b5efactors 7 burnt = _! s]vices40 ,dur+ ! autumn 8 indisposition increas$1 & 8 home lett]s %[ t ! wond]ful ela/icity ( _s1 :i*1 z 8 bro!r rem>ks1 _h hi!rto c>ri$ him lightly & joy\sly ?r\gh life1 ov] all its rubs & c>es1 n[ seem$ to flag4 ,he _h an ail+ w9t]1 & ) ! spr+ came news ( 8 "m's illness4 ,he c\ld only write ) difficulty3--8,if x please ,god1 ,i w c]ta9ly be at ,p5zance ! la/ week 9 ,octob] or ! fir/ 9 ,novemb]40 ,he nev] saw h] aga92 %e ralli$ = a "t1 b di$ some:at sudd5ly 9 ,septemb]4 ,davy nev] really recov]$ f ! %ock ( h] dea?4 ,x 0 ) ! greate/ difficulty t he 0 able to preside at ! anniv]s>y meet+ ( ! ,society on ! ensu+ ,/4 ,&rew's ,day4 ,! ef=t 0 s m>k$ t ^? ne> him fe>$ he 0 on ! v]ge ( apoplexy1 & he 0 too ill to att5d ! d9n]4 ,a few weeks lat] he _h a slight attack ( p>alysis1 f :i* he only sl[ly recov]$4 ,8 good fri5d ,dr4 ,bab+ton,j ord]$ him abroad1 away f 8! convivial epicurean habits ( ,london society10 & f 8! _m annoyances & causes ( injuri\s excitem5t to :i* he 0 expos$ at home40 ,he set out ) 8 bro!r ,john1 9 ! dep? ( w9t]--8a dre>y beg9n+ ( a dre>y j\rney40 ,he avoid$ ,p>is2 he w\ld n ev5 pass ?r\gh x1 s appreh5sive 0 he t he %\ld n escape f 8! allurem5t--or1 r1 excitem5t--( its society0 if he /opp$ !re4 ,! roads 7 9 a wret*$ /ate1 ! c\ntry cov]$ ) sn[1 & 8no object to arre/ ! eye1 except a village "h & !re ris+ out ( ! :ite wa/e1 or a di/ant /eeple1 or "s solit>y tree40 ,! cold 0 int5se1 & once or twice ! travell]s 7 b5ight$1 ! :eels ( _! c>riage be+ lock$ 9 ! froz5 ruts4 ,z !y pass$ ?r\gh ! t[ns ,davy1 :o seem$ to cl+ to life ) a passionate t5acity1 w\ld visit ! *ur*es1 &1 fall+ on 8 knees1 w\ld (f] up a sil5t pray]4 ,!y cross$ ,mont ,c5is 9 a /orm ( w9d & amid/ drift+ sn[1 & ) great difficulty got d[n to ,susa on sl$ges4 ,! sn[ 9 ,lomb>dy 0 deep] ?an 9 ! passes ( ! ,alps1 & ev5 at ,rav5na1 :]e !y arriv$ 9 ! fir/ week ( ,m>*1 x 0 /ill to be se5 9 ! dit*es4 ,"h 8 bro!r left him1 8 duties z an army surgeon call+ him to ,corfu4 ,9 spite ( sev]e wea!r1 ! discom=ts ( travell+ at su* a "t1 & ! =c$ delays at wret*$ inns1 ,davy gradually improv$2 8 bro!r not$ be=e he left t he 0 c]ta9ly /rong]1 less p>alytic1 & m active4 ,he wrote to 8 fri5d ,poole3-- ,j 8,bab+ton1 ! be/ & w>me/-he>t$ fri5d1 ! k9de/ husb& & fa!r1 & p]haps ! mo/ dis9t]e/$ physician ( 8 "t2 ) good tal5ts1 & a f9e tact1 & a b5evol5ce :i* creat$ sympa?y = him :]ev] he appe>$1 & ,i believe (t5 cur$ 8 pati5ts40 8,i am1 ?ank ,god1 bett]1 b /ill v weak1 & :olly unfit = any k9d ( bus9ess & /udy4 ,i h1 h[ev]1 consid]ably recov]$ ! use ( all ! limbs t 7 affect$2 & z my am5dm5t has be5 sl[ & gradual1 ,i hope 9 "t x may be complete4 ,b ,i am lead+ ! life ( an an*orite1 oblig$ to ab/a9 f fle%1 w9e1 bus9ess1 /udy1 exp]im5ts1 & all ?+s t ,i love2 b ?is discipl9e is salut>y1 & = ! sake ( be+ able to d some?+ m = sci5ce1 & ,i hope = humanity1 ,i submit to x1 believ+ t ! ,great ,s\rce ( intellectual be+ s wills x = good40 ,he tells ,poole t he _h *os5 ,rav5na--?is spot ( ! decl9+ ,empire ( ,rome--z "o ( solitude & repose1 & z out ( ! way ( travell]s & 9 a good climate4 ,he 0 int]e/$1 too1 9 its _m associations ) 8 fri5d ,byron1 ) ,dante1 & 9 its old-_w memories ( ,!odoric & 8 lo/ legions4 ,h[ ! place affect$ him 9 8 /ate ( physical enfeeblem5t1 b ) 8 m9d *a/5$ & purifi$1 may be se5 9 ! "* ( mu* t he wrote !re1 & p>ticul>ly 9 8 poems1 ) _! _m notes ( sadness & hope1 tru/ & resignation4 ,he 0 lodg$ 9 ! ,apo/olical ,palace by ! k9dness ( ! ,vice-,legate--a graceful1 le>n$1 & accompli%$ man1 ) :om he contract$ a w>m fri5d%ip4 ,he says he c\ld n speak ( 8 goodness )\t te>s ( gratitude 9 8 eyes1 & ) ?is exception & an occasional visit f ! ,c\ntess ,guiccioli he _h no society4 ,mo/ ( 8 "t 0 sp5t 9 rid+ amid/ ! p9es & junip]s1 or foll[+ ! petz>done among ! m>%es ( ,la ,classe2 or 9 read+ & 9 ! /udy ( natural hi/ory4 8,! natural /r5g? ( 8 m9d10 says 8 bro!r1 80 v cle>ly manife/$ "u ^! circum/ances4 ,dep5d5t entirely on 8 own res\rces2 no fri5d to conv]se )2 no "o ) him to rely on = aid1 & 9 a =eign c\ntry1 )\t ev5 a m$ical advis]2 de/itute ( all ! amusem5ts ( society2 )\t any ( ! com=ts ( home--mon? aft] mon?1 he kept on 8 c\rse1 w&]+ f riv] to riv]1 f "o m\nta9 lake & valley to ano!r1 9 se>* ( fav\rable climate2 amus+ himself ) 8 gun & rod1 :5 suffici5tly /rong to use !m1 ) #8sp]anza' = 8 rally+ ^w40 ,) ! approa* ( spr+ he pass$ by way ( ,gorizia into ,illyria1 &1 z ! heat increas$1 into ,upp] ,au/ria1 ,bav>ia1 & ,switz]l&1 & back1 9 ! late summ]1 to ,illyria4 ,8 j\rnals give a fairly full acc\nt ( 8 movem5ts & ( ! mann] 9 :i* he sp5t 8 "t2 !y also indicate 8 /ate ( m9d1 ! alt]nations ( hope & despond5cy1 & 8 con/ant /ruggles ) ! insidi\s disease :i* 0 gradually exhau/+ 8 physical p[]s4 ,he wrote to 8 wife f ,layba*3-- 8,y once talk$ ( pass+ ?is w9t] 9 ,italy2 b ,i hope y\r plans w be entirely guid$ by ! /ate ( y\r heal? & feel+s4 ,y\r society w\ld und\bt$ly be a v great res\rce to me1 b ,i am s well aw>e ( my own pres5t unfitness = society1 t ,i w\ld n h y risk ! *ance ( an uncom=table mom5t on my acc\nt4 ,i (t5 read ,"l ,byron's ,eu?anasia3 x is ! only case1 probably1 :]e my feel+s p]fectly co9cide ) :at 8 740 ,at times ! feel+ ( despair 0 s int5se t he actually seem$ appreh5sive ( suicide4 ,x 0 probably "u ! influ5ce ( su* a fe> t he wrote 9 8 j\rnal t he _h too /rong a fai? 9 ! optimism ( ! sy/em ( ! univ]se ev] to accel]ate 8 dissolution4 8,i h be5 & am tak+ a c>e ( my heal? :i* ,i fe> x is n wor?2 b :i*1 hop+ x may please ,provid5ce to pres]ve me = wise purposes1 ,i ?9k x my duty40 ,on ano!r occasion he wrote to ,lady ,davy3-- 8,i am glad to he> ( y\r p]fect re-e/abli%m5t1 & ) heal? & ! society ( ,london1 :i* y are s well fitt$ to ornam5t & enjoy1 y\r #8viva la felicit' is mu* m secure ?an any hope belong+ to me40 ,subsequ5tly he wrote3-- 8,%\ld y\r feel+s or incl9ation lead y to ! l& ( ! sun1 ,i ne$ n say :at real pleasure x w\ld give me to enjoy y\r society2 b d n make any sacrifice on my acc\nt40 ,a c\ple ( days aft]w>ds he wrote3-- 8,i hope ,i %all h ! delight ( see+ y at ,bad5 ,bad54 ,if n1 ,i %all come to ,engl&4444 ,pray let my physicians "k :at an ob$i5t pati5t ,i am4444 ,god bless y1 my de> ,jane60 ,t[>ds ! end ( ,septemb]1 & at ,bad51 ! solit>y man wrote3-- 8,i fe> my light ( life is burnt out1 & t !re rema9s no?+ b /9k1 & smoke & dy+ snuff4444 ,dubito =tissime re/aurationem meum4--,decid$ly worse & h decid$ to g home imm$iately40 ,at ,may5ce he in=m$ 8 wife t he tru/$ soon to see h] 9 ,p>k ,/reet4 ,he _h a l+]+ hope t %e might /ill be induc$ to cross ! wat]1 & t he might meet h] at ,calais4 8,i ?9k y w f9d me alt]$ 9 _m ?+s--) a he>t /ill alive to value & reply to k9dness1 & a disposition to recur to ! bright] mom5ts ( my exi/5ce ( fifte5 ye>s ago1 & ) a feel+ t ?\gh a burnt-out flame c nev] be rek9dl$1 a smo!r$ "o may be4444 ,i hope x is a good om5 t my pap] by accid5t is c\leur de rose40 ,he _h previ\sly det]m9$ to resign ! *air ( ! ,royal ,society1 & ann\nc$ 8 decision 9 a lett] to 8 old fri5d ,davies ,gilb]t1 ! treasur]4 ,to 8 wife he wrote3-- 8,if ,i _h p]fectly recov]$ ,i "k n :at ,i %\ld h done ) respect to ! ,p4 "u ! auspices ( a new & m enlight5$ gov]nm5t2 b my /ate ( heal? r5d]s ! resignation absolutely necess>y4 ,to attempt bus9ess ?is ye> w\ld be to prep>e = ano!r attack40 ,he is pleas$ ) ! idea t ,sir ,rob]t ,peel1 :o _h 8no sci5tific glory to awak5 jeal\sy10 may be 8 successor2 & he resumes3-- 8,! prosp]ity ( ! ,royal ,society w always be v de> to me1 & !re is no p]iod ( my life to :i* ,i look back ) m real satisfaction ?an ! six ye>s ( lab\r = ! int]e/s ( t body4 ,i nev] 01 & nev] c\ld be1 unpopul> ) ! active & lead+ memb]s1 z six unanim\s elections prov$2 b because ,i did n *oose ! ,society to be a tool ( ,mr4 ----'s j\rnal jobs1 & resi/$ ! admission ( improp] memb]s1 ,i _h "s enemies1 :o 7 li/5$ to & enc\rag$ f ,lady ----'s *air4 ,i %all n "n !m1 b z ,"l ,byron has said #8my curse %all be =giv5ess4'0 ,he arriv$ 9 ,london 9 ! fir/ week 9 ,octob]1 & t[>ds ! end ( ! mon? he wrote to 8 fri5d ,poole t he _h consult$ all ! celebrat$ m5 :o _h writt5 ^u or /udi$ ! n]v\s sy/em4 8,!y all h a good op9ion ( my case1 & !y all ord] absolute repose = at lea/ twelve mon?s long]1 & w n all[ me to resume my sci5tific duties or lab\rs at pres5t2 & !y insi/ ^u my leav+ ,london = ! next ?ree or f\r mon?s & advise a resid5ce 9 ! ,we/ ( ,engl&40 ,poole promptly ask$ him d[n to ,ne!r ,/[ey4 ,8 fri5d relates t al?\gh 8 bodily infirmity 0 v great & 8 s5sibility pa9fully acute--78,"h ,i am1 ! ru9 ( :at ,i 060 he exclaim$ on 8 arrival7--8 m9d /ill %[$ mu* ( its wont$ ard\r & vig\r4 ,he sp5t 8 morn+s 9 lit]>y "w1 ma9ly on 8 8,salmonia2 or1 ,days ( ,fly-fi%+10 a philosophical disquisition on angl+1 publi%$ 9 #ahbh1 & :i*1 despite ! rollick+ bant] ( ,*ri/oph] ,nor?1 pass$ ?r\gh five or six editions4 ,davy _h ! ambition to d = fly-fi%+ :at ,walton _h done = ! humbl] art ( bottom-fi%+4 ,b ,davy's book1 al?\gh con/ruct$ on mu* ! same l9es z 8,! ,compleat ,angl]10 lacks e feature :i* has made hone/ ,izaak's "w immortal--! qua9t simplicity1 ! homely wit1 ! delicate hum\r1 ! delightful *>m--! reflection1 9 a ^w1 ( ! m5tal features ( a lovable man bless$ ) ! ornam5t ( a meek & quiet _s4 ,! egotism & g>rulity ( ,piscator are delici\s2 ! loquacity & self-confid5ce ( ,davy's ,halieus are tiresome to ! la/ degree4 ,we are bor$ ) 8 long didactic spee*es1 8 consci\sness ( sup]iority1 & 8 *eap & tawdry s5tim5t4 ,x 0 a poor return = all ! k9dness & skill ( ,bab+ton1 t 8 pati5t %\ld h se5 9 su* a creation ! "* ( "o ( ! mo/ *>m+ & e/imable ( m54 ,m ?an "o m5tion has be5 made 9 ?is biography ( :at ,m>ia ,edgewor? t]m$ ,davy's 8little madness40 ,inde$1 ! love ( angl+ am\nt$ to a passion ) him2 & he told ,ticknor t he ?\ght if he 7 oblig$ to r5\nce ei!r fi%+ or philosophy he %\ld f9d ! /ruggle ( 8 *oice pretty sev]e4 ,:5ev] he c\ld escape f t[n he w\ld hie him to "s fav\rite /ream & sp5d ! day 9 ! practice ( 8 belov$ art4 ,he 0 kn[n to h po/$ a c\ple ( hundr$ miles = ! sake ( a day's fi%+1 & to h return$ cont5t$1 al?\gh he _h nev] a rise4 ,:5 conf9$ to ,albem>le ,/reet1 & *af+ at 8 inability to get away1 he w\ld sometimes turn ov] ! leaves ( 8 fly-book & d]ive mu* consolation f ! sight ( 8 hackles & h>les1 8 gre5-tails1 dun cuts1 r$ sp9n]s1 & all ! re/ ( ! deadly p>aph]nalia associat$ 9 8 m9d ) ! memories ( pleasant days & excit+ combats4 ,he greatly prid$ himself on 8 skill1 & 8 fri5ds 7 (t5 secretly amus$ to notice 8 ill-conceal$ *agr9 :5 a bro!r-angl] outvi$ him 9 ! day's cat* or 9 ! n>ration ( "s piscatorial triumph4 ,!y 7 amus$1 too1 at ! co/ume :i* he 0 wont to don on su* occasions--8 broad-brimm$1 l[-cr[n$ hat1 l9$ ) gre5 & g>ni%$ ) flies2 8 grey-gre5 jacket1 ) a multitude ( pockets = ! v>i\s articles ( 8 angl+ ge>2 8 wad+-boots & knee-caps--all made up an attire z orig9al z x 0 picturesque4 ,9 ^! fi%+ exp$itions he enjoy$ "s ( ! happie/ h\rs ( 8 life2 at su* times he ?rew (f 8 c>es & annoyances2 he 0 *e]ful ev5 to hil>ity1 & nev] 0 8 conv]sation m sprightly or m ent]ta9+4 ,9 spite ( ! ?\ghtful c>e ( 8 fri5d ,poole1 ,davy's heal? %[$ no mat]ial improvem5t1 & at times 8 feel+ ( despond5cy 0 v great4 ,8 confid5ce 9 8 m5tal p[]s1 h[ev]1 nev] =sook him4 ,he said on "o occasion3-- 8,i d n wi% to live1 z f> z ,i am p]sonally conc]n$2 b ,i h views :i* ,i c\ld develope1 if x please ,god to save my life1 :i* w\ld be useful to sci5ce & to mank9d40 99 99 99 99 99 8,8 inh]5t love ( ! laboratory 7if ,i may s speak710 says ,mr4 ,poole1 80 manife/$ 9 a mann] :i* mu* int]e/$ me at ! mom5t4 ,on 8 visit+ ) me a g5tleman 9 ?is neighb\rhood :o _h (f]$ to let him 8 h\se1 & :o has an ext5sive philosophical app>atus1 p>ticul>ly complete 9 electricity & *emi/ry1 he 0 fatigu$ by ! j\rney2 & z we 7 walk+ r\nd ! h\se v languidly1 a door op5$1 & we 7 9 ! laboratory4 ,he ?rew 8 eyes r\nd ! room1 :i* bright5$ 9 ! action--a gl[ came ov] 8 c\nt5ance1 & he appe>$ himself tw5ty ye>s ago4 ,he 0 surpris$ & delight$ & seem$ to say1 #8,?is is ! belov$ !atre ( my glory4' ,i said #8,y are pleas$4' ,he %ook 8 head & smil$40 ,9 ! spr+ he det]m9$ to quit ,engl& = 8 belov$ ,illyria1 & t[>ds ! end ( ,may arriv$ by easy /ages at ,wurz54 ,9 8 j\rnal he wrote3-- 8,may #bb4 ,to my old haunt1 ,wurz51 :i* is sublime 9 ! maje/y ( ,alp9e gr&eur2 ! sn[y peaks ( ! ,noric ,alps ris+ above ?und] cl\ds1 :il/ spr+ 9 all its bloom & beauty blooms bel[2 its buds & blossoms adorn+ ! face ( ,nature "u a fr[n+ canopy ( d>k cl\ds1 l "s ,judi? beauty ( ,italy--a ,tran/ev]5e br[ & eye1 & a m\? ( ,v5us & ! ,graces40 ,f ,aussee he wrote to 8 bro!r3-- 8,x suits me bett] to wile away my days 9 ?is solit>y /ate ( exi/5ce1 9 ! contemplation ( ,nature1 ?an to attempt to ent] into ,london society1 :]e recollections call up ! idea ( :at ,i 01 & ! want ( bodily p[] tea*es me :at a %ad[ ,i am4444 ,i am n[ go+ to ,is*l1 :]e !re are w>m salt ba?s to try if !y w r5ovate ! muscul> p[]s ( my arm & leg4444 ,i wi% to g to ,trie/e 9 ,octob]1 to make ! exp]im5ts ,i h long project$ on ! torp$o40 ,he d]iv$ "s little b5efit f ! treatm5t at ,is*l1 & 9 ,octob] w5t to ,trie/e1 :]e he c>ri$ out 8 project$ exp]im5ts on ! electricity ( ! torp$o1 ! results ( :i* he communicat$ to ! ,royal ,society4 ,?is pap] 0 ! la/ ( 8 sci5tific memoirs4 ,9 ! middle ( ,novemb] he arriv$ at ,rome1 :]e he le>nt t ,wolla/on also _h be5 /rick5 ) p>alysis4,k ,on ,febru>y #f?1 #ahbi1 he wrote to ,poole3-- ,k ,he di$ on ,decemb] #bbnd1 #ahbh4 8,i am "h we>+ away ! w9t]1--a ru9 among/ ru9s6 444 ,i hope y got a copy ( my little trifle #8,salmonia4'444 ,i write & philosophise a good deal1 & h ne>ly f9i%$ a "w ) a high] aim ?an ! little book ,i speak ( above1 :i* ,i %all d$icate to y4 ,x conta9s ! ess5ce ( my philosophical op9ions1 & "s ( my poetical rev]ies4 ,x is l ! #8,salmonia1' an amusem5t ( my sickness2 b #8paulo majora canamus4' ,i sometimes ?9k ( ! l9es ( ,wall]1 & seem to feel _! tru?-- #8,! s\l's d>k cottage1 batt]'d & decay'd1 ,lets 9 new light ?r\gh *9ks t ,"t has made4'0 ,! "w to :i* he "h alludes1 & :i* he did n live to see pr9t$1 0 8 8,consolations 9 ,travel2 or1 ,! ,la/ ,days ( a ,philosoph]40 ,he _h practically f9i%$ x at ! date ( 8 lett]1 & _h writt5 9 8 j\rnal3 8,si moro1 sp]o *e ho fatto il mio dov]e1 e *e mia vita1 non e /ato vano ed inutile40 ,on ,febru>y #bj? he 0 seiz$ ) a new attack1 & 8 "r side 0 q p[]less4 ,on ! #bcrd he dictat$ ! foll[+ lett] to 8 bro!r1 :o 0 !n at ,malta3-- 8,not)/&+ all my c>e & discipl9e1 & ascetic liv+1 ,i am dy+ f a sev]e attack ( palsy1 :i* has seiz$ ! :ole ( ! body ) ! exception ( ! intellectual organ 444 ! weakness increases & a few h\rs or days w f9i% my mortal exi/5ce4 ,i %all leave my bones 9 ! ,et]nal ,city4 ,i bless ,god t ,i h be5 able to f9i% all my philosophical lab\rs4444 ,i hope y w h ! goodness to see ^! works publi%$4444 ,i h giv5 y1 by a codicil to my w1 ! copyright ( ^! books4444 ,god bless y1 my de> ,john6 ,may y be happy & prosp]\s60 ,! lett] 0 sign$ by him1 & he add$ 9 8 own h&writ+1 only j legible1 8,come z quickly z possible40 ,two days aft]w>ds he dictat$ ano!r lett]1 9 :i* he gives m9ute directions conc]n+ "s exp]im5ts on ! torp$o :i* he wi%$ 8 bro!r to make4 ,he describes ! app>atus :i* may be employ$ & indicates :]e ! torp$oes may be procur$1 & he concludes3 8,pray d n neglect ?is subject1 :i* ,i leave to y z ano!r legacy40 ,x 0 ! #af? ( ,m>* be=e ,dr4 ,davy c\ld rea* ,rome4 ,! /rick5 man's pale & emaciat$ c\nt5ance light$ up z he saw 8 bro!r at 8 b$side4 ,he spoke z if he _h only a few h\rs to live1 & reject$ all expectation & hope ( recov]y1 say+ he 0 sure 8 c>e] 0 run4 ,"u ! c>e & m$ical skill ( ,dr4 ,davy1 h[ev]1 he ralli$4 8,z he m5d$10 says 8 bro!r1 8! s5tim5t ( gratitude to ,div9e ,provid5ce 0 ov]fl[+1 & he 0 mo/ amiable & affectionate 9 mann]4 ,he (t5 inculcat$ ! propriety1 9 reg>d to happ9ess1 ( ! subjugation ( self1 9 all selfi%ness1 z ! v bane ( com=t1 & ! mo/ active cause ( ! d]eliction ( social duties1 & ! de/ruction ( good & fri5dly feel+s2 & he express$ frequ5tly ! int5tion1 if 8 life 7 sp>$1 ( devot+ x to purposes ( utility 7seem+ to ?9k lightly ( :at he _h already done71 & to ! s]vice ( 8 fri5ds1 r ?an to ! pursuits ( ambition1 pleasure1 or happ9ess1 ) himself = _! ma9 object40 ,b1 ,dr4 ,davy adds3-- 8,n[ t he 0 int5t on recov]y1 he no long] took ! same int]e/ 9 my exam9ation ( ! torp$o1 z if he look$ =w>d to ! "t :5 he %\ld be able to ent] into ! inve/igation actively aga940 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ,april ,lady ,davy arriv$ f ,engl&1 & he _h s f> improv$ t x 0 decid$ to remove him to ,g5eva4 ,by easy /ages1 & occasional halts ( two or ?ree days at ! m int]e/+ places1 he arriv$ at ,g5eva on ,may #bh?4 ,he bore ! j\rney well3 ! delightful fre%ness ( ! spr+1 ! bur/+ vegetation1 ! _m /reams1 ! pure m\nta9 air1 & ! indescribable influ5ce ( ,alp9e sc5]y1 seem$ to invigorate him4 ,on 8 arrival at ! inn 78,la ,c\ronne07 he walk$ to ! w9d[1 look$ out ^u ! lake1 & express$ a long+ wi% to ?r[ a fly ^u its blue wat]s4 ,lady ,davy "h broke to him ! news ( ! dea? ( 8 old fri5d & colleague1 ,?omas ,"y4 ,?is1 com+ s soon aft] ! loss ( ,wolla/on1 pr(\ndly affect$ him4 ,dur+ ! ev5+ he /ruck 8 elb[ aga9/ ! project+ arm ( ! s(a on :i* he sat2 ! bl[ gave him great pa91 & seem$ to h ! mo/ extraord9>y effect4 ,he 0 got to b$ z soon z possible4 ,he took an anodyne1 & desir$ to be left alone4 ,soon aft] midnight he 0 f\nd to be ins5sible1 & %ortly be=e ?ree on ! morn+ ( ! #bi? ( ,may he di$4 ,9 8 w he _h enjo9$ t he %\ld be buri$ :]e he di$3 ,natura curat suas reliquias1 he _h writt54 ,! ,city gave him a public fun]al1 & repres5tatives ( e in/itution 9 ! t[n foll[$ 8 rema9s to _! re/+-place 9 ! cemet]y at ,pla9-,palais4 ,a simple monum5t1 ) ! foll[+ inscription1 m>ks ! spot3-- ,,hic ,,jacet ,,humphry ,,davy ,,eques ,,magn ,,britanni ,,b>onetus ,,olim ,,regi ,,societ4 ,,lond94 ,,pr,,ses ,,summus ,,arcanorum ,,natur ,,indigator4 ,,natus ,,p5zanti ,,cornubi5sum ,,xvii ,,decemb4 ,,mdcclxxviii4 ,,obiit ,,g5ev ,,helvetiorum ,,xxix ,,mai ,,mdcccxxix4 ,8 wid[ plac$ a tablet to 8 memory 9 ! nor? transept ( ,we/m9/] ,abbey4 ,8 b>onetcy di$ ) him4 ,by 8 w he direct$ t ! s]vice ( plate giv5 to him by ! coal-own]s %\ld1 aft] ,lady ,davy's dea?1 pass to 8 bro!r1 & t 9 ! ev5t ( 8 hav+ no heirs 9 a position to make use ( x1 x %\ld be melt$ & giv5 to ! ,royal ,society1 8to f\nd a m$al to be giv5 annually = ! mo/ important discov]y 9 *emi/ry any:]e made 9 ,europe or ,anglo-,am]ica40 ,?is is ! orig9 ( ! ,davy ,m$al :i* has be5 aw>d$ annually by ! ,society s9ce #ahgg4 ,_m eloqu5t tributes h be5 paid to ! g5ius & lab\rs ( ,davy1 & "s ( ^! eulogies are among ! mo/ brilliant passages 9 ! lit]ature ( sci5ce4 ,"o ( ! be/-kn[n is f ! gift$ p5 ( ,dr4 ,h5ry 9 ! preface to 8 8,elem5ts ( ,*emi/ry10 publi%$ soon aft] ,davy's dea?4 ,he ?us sket*es ! m /rik+ *>act]i/ics ( ! great *emi/4 8,davy10 he says1 80 imbu$ ) ! _s1 & 0 a ma/] ( ! practice1 ( ! inductive logic2 & he has left u "s ( ! noble/ examples ( ! efficacy ( t great in/rum5t ( human reason 9 ! discov]y ( tru?4 ,he appli$ x n only to connect classes ( facts ( m limit$ ext5t & importance b to develope great & compreh5sive laws1 :i* embrace ph5om5a t are almo/ univ]sal to ! natural _w4 ,9 expla9+ ^! laws1 he ca/ ^u !m ! illum9ations ( 8 own cle> & vivid conceptions2--he felt an int5se admiration ( ! beauty1 ord] & h>mony :i* are conspicu\s 9 ! p]fect *emi/ry ( ,nature2--& he express$ ^! feel+s ) a =ce ( eloqu5ce :i* c\ld issue only f a m9d ( ! highe/ p[]s & ( ! f9e/ s5sibilities40 ,n less =cible or eloqu5t1 al?\gh h>dly s well kn[n1 is ! e/imate 9 ,silliman's ,am]ican ,j\rnal ( ,sci5ce & ,arts = ,janu>y1 #ahcj4 ,aft] an analysis1 ( ,davy's m5tal attributes ! writ] concludes3-- 8,we look ^u ,sir ,humphry ,davy z hav+ af=d$ a /rik+ example ( :at ! ,romans call$ a man ( good =tune2--^: success1 ev5 9 _! view1 0 n h[ev] ! result ( accid5t1 b ( +5uity & wisdom to devise plans1 & ( skill & indu/ry to br+ !m to a successful issue4 ,he 0 =tunate 9 8 !ories1 =tunate 9 8 discov]ies1 & =tunate 9 liv+ 9 an age suffici5tly enlight5$ to appreciate 8 m]its2--unlike1 9 ?is la/ p>ticul>1 to ,newton1 :o 7says ,voltaire71 al?\gh he liv$ =ty ye>s aft] ! publication ( ! ,pr9cipia1 _h n1 at ! "t ( 8 dea?1 tw5ty read]s out ( ,brita94 ,"s might ev5 ent]ta9 ! appreh5sion t s ext5sive a popul>ity among 8 contempor>ies is ! presage ( a %ort-liv$ fame2 b 8 reputation is too intimately associat$ ) ! et]nal laws ( ,nature to suff] decay2 & ! "n ( ,davy1 l ^? ( ,ar*im$es1 ,galileo & ,newton1 :i* gr[ gre5] by "t1 w desc5d to ! late/ po/]ity40 ,su*1 !n1 is ! /ory ( a life ( fruitful endeav\r & spl5did a*ievem5t2--! record ( "o :o1 if n :olly good or truly noble1 has left a track ( greatness 9 8 passage ?r\gh ! _w4 ,,index4 ,address f ,:itehav5 colli]s to ,davy1 #bjc ,agriculture1 ,davy's lectures on1 #id et seq42 #afe ,alkali metals1 ,isolation (1 #aad1 #aaf2 _! prop]ties1 #aah ,alkal9e e>?s1 ,decomposition (1 #abf ,ammonia3 ,davy's conjectures z to its nature1 #aba ,ammonium amalgam3 ,davy's views z to its nature1 #abg ,ammonium nitrate1 ,modes ( decomposition (1 #dc 8,annual ,an?ology1 ,!10 #ah1 #eg ,apreece1 ,mrs41 #aei1 #afb ,bab+ton1 ,dr41 8 "*1 #bbd ,bak]ian lecture1 ,orig9 (1 #ajj ,banks1 ,sir ,joseph1 8 op9ion ( ! ,royal ,in/itution1 #hj2 8 acc\nt ( ,davy's c\rt%ip1 #afb2 8 op9ion ( ,davy1 #bac2 dea? (1 #bab ,b$does1 ,mrs41 #bh ----1 ,?omas1 #bc2 lett]s to ,davies ,gilb]t1 #bd1 #be2 engages ,davy z *emi/ to ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution1 #be2 8 te/imony to ,davy's orig9ality1 #cb2 8 end1 #fe ,b]n>d1 ,?omas1 #ff1 #fg1 #hj ,b]?ollet1 ,davy's acc\nt (1 #agi2 8 !ory ( ! nature ( *lor9e1 #acf1 #add ,b]zelius1 ,jakob1 #id1 #aji1 #adc1 #aed ,bonap>te's m$al = discov]ies 9 galvanism aw>d$ to ,davy1 #aji ,borlase1 ,b+ham1 #ae1 #be ,boron1 ,isolation (1 #abi ,br&e1 ,william ,?omas1 succe$s ,davy z ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry 9 ! ,royal ,in/itution1 #agf ,br[nrigg1 ,lady1 h] acc\nt ( ,davy1 #aaa ,buddle1 ,john1 #aid1 #aie1 #bja1 #bjd1 #bji2 lett] to ,davy1 #bja ,c>dew1 ,dr41 ,ma/] ( ,truro ,gramm> ,s*ool1 8 op9ion ( ,davy z a boy1 #ab ,*lor9e1 ,discov]y (1 by ,s*eele1 #acf2 its nature1 #acd et seq42 controv]sy z to its nature1 #adc2 its blea*+ p[] expla9$1 #adi2 its liquefaction by ,nor?more1 #adi2 by ,f>aday1 #adi ---- comp\nds1 ,davy's nom5clature (1 #adi ,*lorophosphamide1 #ach ,coal-own]s' ,te/imonial to ,davy1 #bje1 #bjh ,col]idge1 ,samuel ,taylor1 8 op9ion ( ,davy1 #ah1 #ee1 #eg1 #hh2 lett]s to ,davy1 #eg1 #eh1 #ei2 lett] to ,purkis1 #hh ,col\r+ matt]s ( ! ,anci5ts1 ,inve/igation (1 by ,davy1 #ahe1 #ahg 8,consolations 9 ,travel10 #bcb ,copley m$al aw>d$ to ,davy1 #bac ,coryton1 ,mr41 ,ma/] ( ,p5zance ,gramm> ,s*ool1 8 me?ods ( tuition1 #ab1 #ac1 #ec ,cottle1 ,amos1 8 acc\nt ( ,davy1 #ee ,cuvi]1 ,davy's acc\nt (1 #agh ,davy3 ,8 bir?1 #i2 becomes *emi/ to ! ,pneumatic ,in/itution1 #be2 goes to ! ,royal ,in/itution1 #fc2 8 views on ! ,atomic ,!ory1 #adf1 #adg2 m>riage1 #afc2 is knight$1 #afd2 is elect$ a memb] ( ! ,in/itute1 #agi2 is creat$ a b>onet1 #baa2 8 illness1 #bba1 #bbd2 dea?1 #bcd2 burial1 #bcd2 8 "*1 #bce1 #bcf2 z an angl]1 #aeh1 #aei1 #bbi2 z a lectur]1 #ga1 #gc et seq41 #hd1 #hf2 z a man ( society1 #hg1 #aae2 z a poet1 #ag1 #ah1 #ai1 #abe1 #agi ,davy's lett]s3 ,to ,mrs4 ,apreece1 #aei1 #afj1 #afa2 to ,mr4 ,*ildr51 #afh1 #bbc2 to ,lady ,davy1 #bbf1 #bbg1 #bbh2 to ,dr4 ,john ,davy1 #afc1 #afe1 #ahc1 #bbb1 #bca1 #bcb2 to ,f>aday1 #agd2 to ,mr4 ,davies ,gilb]t1 #bi1 #dj1 #ea1 #fc1 #he1 #bbh2 to ,dr4 ,gray1 #aie1 #aig2 to ,rev4 ,mr4 ,hodgson1 #aif2 to ,dr4 ,hope1 #fb1 #fi2 to 8 "m1 #ac1 #bf1 #bg1 #eb1 #fb1 #gi1 #aeh1 #afc1 #agf1 #ahh1 #baa1 #bbc2 to ,mr4 ,poole1 #hh1 #bad1 #bbe1 #bbh1 #bcb2 to 8 si/]s1 #aaf ---- nom5clature ( *lor9e comp\nds1 #adi ,davy m$al1 ,!1 #bce ----1 ,edmund1 c\s9 ( ,humphry ,davy1 #aad1 #abc1 #acc ----1 ,edmund1 gr&fa!r ( ,humphry ,davy1 #aj ----1 ,lady1 h] "*1 #ahi1 #aij1 #aia ----1 ,rob]t1 fa!r ( ,humphry ,davy1 #i1 #aj ,diamond1 ,davy's inve/igation ( nature (1 #ahd ,dibd91 ,dr41 8 address on ! occasion ( ,davy's illness1 #abc ,edgewor?1 ,m>ia1 h] acc\nt ( ! respiratory action ( nitr\s oxide1 #da2 h] acc\nt ( ,davy's visit to ,irel&1 #aab1 #aeh2 on ,mrs4 ,apreece1 #afe ,electro-*emical ,!ory ( ,davy1 #ajf ,electrolytic decomposition ( wat]1 ,discov]y (1 by ,ni*olson & ,c>lisle1 #ij ,electro-magnetism1 ,davy's contributions to1 #bah 8,elem5ts ( ,*emical ,philosophy10 ,davy's1 #afg ,eu*lor9e1 #adb1 #aea ,f>aday1 ,mi*ael1 att5ds ,davy's lectures1 #adc2 jo9s ! ,royal ,in/itution1 #agc2 8 lett]s to ,abbott conc]n+ ,davy1 #ahh1 #ahi2 8 relations to ,davy1 #bbj 8,fidelissima10 h] sonnets to ,davy1 #gh ,fire-damp explosions1 #aic ,flame1 ,davy's inve/igations on1 #bji ,fluor9e1 ,attempts to isolate1 by ,davy1 #agj ---- !ory1 ,!1 #agb et seq4 8,fum+ liquor ( ,cadet10 ,davy's inve/igation (1 #acb ,g>nett1 ,?omas1 fir/ lectur] 9 ! ,royal ,in/itution1 #fh ,gay ,lussac1 ,davy's acc\nt (1 #agi ,gilb]t1 ,davies 7,davies ,giddy71 #ba1 #bb ,gray1 ,rev4 ,dr41 8 association ) ,davy1 #aie1 #aig ,heat a mode ( motion1 #cb 8,heat1 ,light1 & ! ,comb9ations ( ,light10 #cj1 #cg ,hippesley1 ,sir ,john1 #fi1 #hj ,hodgson1 ,rev4 ,mr41 8 association ) ,davy1 #aid1 #aif1 #bja ,horn]1 ,francis1 8 op9ion ( ,davy z a lectur]1 #gg ,humboldt1 ,davy's acc\nt (1 #agh ,hydrog5 *loride1 ,syn!sis (1 by ,cruick%ank1 #aci ,iodates1 ,davy's inve/igation (1 #ahd ,iod9e1 ,discov]y (1 by ,c\rtois1 #ahj2 inve/igation (1 by ,clem5t1 #ahj2 by ,davy1 #ahj et seq42 by ,gay ,lussac1 #ahj ,irel&1 ,davy's views on1 #aab2 8 lectures 91 #aef et seq4 ,lavoisi]'s 8,elem5ts0--"* z a text-book1 #ai 8,liquor ( ,libavius10 ,action ( ammonia on1 /udi$ by ,davy1 #acg ,lockh>t's acc\nt ( ,davy1 #aaj1 #bag ,nitrog5 believ$ by ,davy to be a comp\nd1 #acb et seq4 ---- *loride1 ,inve/igation (1 by ,davy1 #afh2 its explosion injures ,davy1 #afi ---- oxides1 ,davy's "w on1 #db1 #de ,nitrosulphonic acid1 #aed ,nitr\s oxide1 discov]y ( its respirability1 #da1 #df1 #di2 composition (1 #de2 effect ( brea?+1 #di ,oxymuriatic acid1 ,davy's memoir on1 #acd ,papyri1 ,davy's attempts to unroll1 #baa ,p5zance1 ,/ate ( society 91 at close ( #ah? c5tury1 #ad ,phosoxyg51 #cj1 #cc1 #ce1 #cg ,phospham1 #ach ,phosphor\s acid & oxide1 #aec ---- *lorides discov]$ by ,davy1 #abi1 #aeb2 action ( ammonia on1 #acg2 action ( wat] on1 #adj2 analysis (1 #aec ,pneumatic ,in/itution1 ,bri/ol1 #bc1 #bg1 #bi ,potassamide1 ,prep>ation (1 #abi ,potassium1 ,isolation (1 #aad et seq41 #aaf et seq42 prop]ties (1 #aaf ,prie/ley1 ,joseph1 #ch ,purkis1 ,mr41 8 acc\nt ( ,davy's lectures1 #gg ,royal ,in/itution1 ,!1 its orig9 & "*1 #ff1 #gi2 its *emical laboratory1 #ij1 #acc2 m9utes ( ,manag]s1 #fc1 #gb1 #aff1 #age1 #agf ---- m$als1 !1 ,in/itution (1 #baf ---- ,society1 ,davy's election into !1 #bac2 becomes ,secret>y1 #aab2 becomes ,presid5t1 #bad2 8 views ( its functions1 #bae ,rum=d1 8 !ory ( heat1 #cb2 f\nds ! ,royal ,in/itution1 #ff2 visit ( ,davy to1 at ,auteuil1 #agg ---- m$al aw>d$ to ,davy1 #bac ,safety lamp1 its inv5tion1 #aib et seq42 acc\nt (1 by ,playfair1 #bjc 8,salmonia10 ,acc\nt (1 #bbi ,s*eele1 discov]] ( *lor9e1 #acf ,scott1 ,sir ,walt]1 8 fri5d%ip = ,lady ,davy1 #afb2 8 fri5d%ip = ,davy1 #bag ,%ip-%ea?+1 ,davy's exp]im5ts on1 #bbb ,silex 9 plants1 #ci ,sodium1 ,isolation (1 #aah2 prop]ties (1 #aai ,s\!y1 ,rob]t1 8 op9ion ( ,davy1 #ah1 #ee1 #ef2 lett] to ,davy1 #ef ,/eel-mill1 ,!1 #aic ,/eph5son1 ,george1 8 attempts to make a safe lamp1 #bje ,tann+1 ,lectures on1 #gb ,tellurett$ hydrog51 ,discov]y (1 by ,davy1 #aca ,tepid>ians1 ,!1 #ge1 #gh ,ticknor's acc\nt ( ,davy1 #aij2 ( ,lady ,davy1 #aij ,tonk91 ,john1 ,davy's b5efactor1 #i1 #ac1 #bj1 #be1 #ec ,torp$o1 ,electricity (1 #ahc1 #bca ,tr9ity ,college1 ,dubl91 conf]s honor>y ,,ll4,d4 on ,davy1 #aeh ,vauquel91 ,davy's acc\nt (1 #agh ,vesuvius1 ,davy's inve/igations on1 #ahe1 #ahg1 #bab ,volta1 ,davy's acc\nt (1 #ahf2 ,f>aday's acc\nt (1 #ahh ,voltaic electricity1 ,davy's contributions to1 #ic1 #ii1 #ajj1 #aac1 #aad1 #abf1 #aca ---- pile1 ,discov]y (1 #ij1 #ic ,w>+ton1 ,pr(essor1 8 e/imate ( ,davy z an agricultural *emi/1 #ih ,watt1 ,gregory1 8 "*1 #ba1 #eb ,wavellite1 ,davy's analysis (1 #id 8,we/ ,c\ntry ,collection10 #cj2 *>act]i/ics ( ,davy's contributions to1 #cg ,wolla/on1 ,william ,hyde1 "* (1 #bad1 #bag2 8 dea?1 #bcb ,wordswor? meets ,davy on ,helvellyn1 #aaj ,"y1 ,?omas1 8 connection ) ! ,royal ,in/itution1 #gb2 8 review ( ,davy's 8,elem5ts ( ,*emical ,philosophy10 #afg2 dea? (1 #bcd ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,cassell ,,company1 ,,limit$1 ,,la ,,belle ,,sauvage1 ,,london1 ,e4,c4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,punctuation1 hyph5ation1 & spell+ 7 made consi/5t :5 a pr$om9ant pref]5ce 0 f\nd 9 ?is book2 o!rwise !y 7 n *ang$4 ,simple typographical errors 7 correct$2 occasional unbalanc$ quotation m>ks reta9$4 ,ambigu\s hyph5s at ! ends ( l9es 7 reta9$4 ,index n *eck$ = prop] alphabetization or correct page ref]5ces4