,! ,graves                              
( ! ,fall5                              
,illu/ration                            
,imp]ial ,w> ,graves ,commission        
,,note4           ,?is ,descriptive     
,acc\nt ( ! "w ( ! ,imp]ial ,w> ,graves 
,commission 0 writt5 by ,mr4 ,rudy>d    
,kipl+ at ! ,commission's       reque/4 
,! ,illu/rations %[+ ! cemet]ies &      
memorials z       !y w appe> :5 complet$
 are by ,mr4 ,d\glas ,macph]son4        
,:at ! ,commission is4      ,!          
,commission consi/s (3--         ,!     
,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,w>4         ,!     
,secret>y ( ,/ate = ! ,colonies4        
,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,india4          
,! ,fir/ ,commission] ( ,works4         
,! ,hon4 ,sir ,george ,p]ley1           
,k4,c4,m4,g4 7appo9t$ by ! ,gov]nm5t    
( ,canada74         ,! ,"r ,hon4 ,&rew  
,fi%]1 ,p4,c4 7appo9t$ by ! ,gov]nm5t ( 
,au/ralia74         ,! ,hon4 ,sir ,?omas
 ,mack5zie1 ,k4,c4,m4,g4 7appo9t$ by !  
,gov]nm5t ( ,new ,zeal&74         ,! ,"r
 ,hon4 ,w4 ,p4 ,s*re9]1 ,p4,c41 ,k4,c41 

,c4,m4,g4 7appo9t$ by       ! ,gov]nm5t 
( ! ,union ( ,s\? ,africa74         ,!  
,hon4 ,sir ,edg> ,b[r+ 7appo9t$ by !    
,gov]nm5t (       ,newf\ndl&74    & !   
foll[+ memb]s :o accept$ ! invitation to
 help 9 ?is  "w1 & 7 appo9t$ by ,royal  
,w>rant3--         ,sir ,william ,g>/91 
,g4,c4,m4,g41 ,g4,b4,e4         ,mr4    
,h>ry ,gosl+1 ,c4,h41 ,j4,p4            
,mr4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+4         ,g5]al ,sir
 ,c4 ,f4 ,n4 ,macready1 ,g4,c4,m4,g41   
,k4,c4,b4         ,g5]al ,sir ,h]b]t ,c4
 ,o4 ,plum]1 ,g4,c4,b41 ,g4,c4,m4,g41   
,g4,c4,v4,o4         ,admiral ,sir      
,edmund ,s4 ,po1 ,g4,c4,v4,o41 ,k4,c4,b4
         ,major-,g5]al ,fabian ,w>e1    
,c4,b41 ,c4,m4,g4    ,all lett]s %\ld be
 address$ to ! ,secret>y1 ,imp]ial ,w>  
,graves  ,commission1 ,w9*e/] ,h\se1 ,/4
 ,james's ,squ>e1 ,s4,w4 #a2 & n to any 
individual memb] ( ! ,commission4       
,its ,hi/ory4    ,! orig9 & developm5t (
 ! ,imp]ial ,w> ,graves ,commission is v
  simple4 ,9 ! fir/ days ( ! w> !       
diff]5t armies engag$  creat$           

organisations1 "u ! direction ( ! ,w>   
,(fice1 to  regi/]1 m>k1 & t5d ! graves 
( ,briti% soldi]s1 z well z to  answ]   
inquiries f relatives1 &1 :]e possible1 
to s5d !m  photographs ( ! graves4      
,lat]1 a ,national ,committee 0         
con/itut$1  :i*1 on ! sugge/ion ( !     
,pr9ce ( ,wales1 :o took a ke5  p]sonal 
int]e/ 9 ! "w1 0 exp&$ into an ,imp]ial 
,commission1  repres5t+ ! ,dom9ions1    
,india1 ! ,colonies1 ! fight+ ,s]vices1 
,lab\r1 ! great public dep>tm5ts        
int]e/$1 & ! ,briti% ,r$  ,cross1 :i*   
latt] _h suppli$1 z x /ill does to a    
consid]able  ext5t1 ! funds =           
photograph+ & plant+ ! graves4      ,its
 ,f9ance4    ,! f9ance ( ! ,commission  
is ,imp]ial4 ,all p>ts ( ! ,empire h    
g5]\sly & unres]v$ly promis$ to be> _!  
%>e ( !  exp5ses4 ,! ,imp]ial ,w>       
,conf]5ce1 hav+ consid]$ ! proposals  ( 
! ,commission1 pass$ ! foll[+ resolution
 on ,june #ag1 #aiah3  8,! ,conf]5ce    
desires to place on record its          
appreciation ( !  ,lab\rs ( ! ,imp]ial  

,w> ,graves ,commission1 & is 9 fav\r ( 
!  co/ ( c>ry+ out ! decisions ( !      
,commission be+ borne by !  respective  
,gov]nm5ts 9 proportion to ! numb]s ( ! 
graves (  _! dead40    ,illu/ration3 ,a 
,,w> ,,cemet]y ,,) ,,p]man5t ,,memorials
 ,,z ,,design$4                         
,,! ,,cemet]ies4      ,) ! gr[? ( ! w> !
 ,commission's "w naturally cov]$ e  "p 
( ! _w :]e ! m5 ( ! ,empire _h s]v$ &   
di$--f  ! va/ & kn[n cities ( our dead 9
 ,fl&]s & ,france to hidd5  & outly+    
burial-gr\nds ( a few score at ! ends ( 
! e>?4  ,^! re/+-places are situat$ on e
 conceivable site--on b>e  hills flay$  
by ye>s ( battle1 9 or*>ds & mead[s1    
beside  popul\s t[ns or little villages1
 9 jungle-glades1 at coa/ ports1 9      
f>-away isl&s1 among des]t s&s1 &       
desolate rav9es4 ,x w\ld be  z          
impossible z undesirable to r$uce !m all
 to any uni=mity (  aspect by plant+ or 
by ar*itecture4    ,9 a w> :]e ! full   
/r5g? ( nations 0 us$ )\t respect (     
p]sons1 no diff]5ce c\ld be made betwe5 

! graves ( (fic]s or  m54 ,yet "s sort (
 c5tral idea 0 ne$$ t %\ld symbolise our
  common sacrifice :]ev] our dead might 
be laid2 & x 0 realis$1  above all1 t   
ea* cemet]y & individual grave %\ld be  
made z  p]man5t z man's art c\ld devise4
      ,_! ,design & ,c>e4    ,!         
,commission in/ruct$ ,sir ,fr$]ic       
,k5yon1 ,k4,c4,b41 to report h[  ^! aims
 c\ld be/ be realis$1 & he1 aft]        
consult+ v fully  ) ! relatives1        
repres5tatives ( ! ,s]vices1 religion & 
art1  & kn[+ ! practical limitations1   
p>ticul>ly 9 obta9+ lab\r1  = c>ry+ out 
su* a va/ und]tak+1 recomm5d$ t 9 ea*   
cemet]y !re %\ld /& a ,cross (          
,sacrifice1 & an alt>like ,/one  (      
,remembrance1 & t ! head/ones ( ! graves
 %\ld be (  uni=m %ape & size4 ,/one    
crosses to succe$ ! tempor>y wood5      
crosses 7 at fir/ sugge/$1 b crosses ( !
 small size  necessitat$ by ! ne>ness ( 
! graves to ea* o!r d n all[  suffici5t 
space = ! m5's names & ! inscriptions1 &
 are also  by _! %ape too fragile & too 

subject to ! action ( fro/ &  wea!r =   
endur+ use4 ,pla9 head/ones1 measur+ #b 
ft4 #f 94 by #a  ft4 #c 941 7 !re=e     
*os51 ^u :i* ! ,cross or o!r  religi\s  
symbol ( ! dead man's fai? c\ld be c>v$ 
& 8  ,regim5tal badge fully display$4 ,!
 ,regim5ts h be5 consult$ z  to !       
designs ( ^! badges1 "s ( :i* h n[ be5  
approv$ &  are ready = engrav+ z soon z 
exp]im5ts :i* are be+ c>ri$  on h %[n h[
 to ov]come ! difficulties ( deal+ ) su*
  numb]s4 ,9 due "t1 !n1 :]ev] a man may
 be buri$1 f ,ea/  ,africa to ,nor?     
,russia1 8 head/one w c>ry 8 ,regim5tal 
badge1  id5tifiable ! _w ov]4           
,besides ! fight+ =ces1 provision mu/ be
 made = ! graves (  ! m]*ant-seam5 &    
dis*>g$ m5 ^: dea?s 7 due to enemy      
action1 = ,si/]s & ,nurses kill$ or di$ 
( w\nds or disease1 =  ,lab\r units (   
all races1 &1 inde$1 = all :o h s]v$ 9  
any  capacity 9 ! w>4 ,! di/9ctive      
badges ( ^! head/ones are n  yet all    
decid$ ^u4    ,illu/ration3 ,,ano!r ,,w>
 ,,cemet]y ,,z ,,design$4               

,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,cross ,,(           
,,sacrifice4    ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,/one
 ,,( ,,remembrance4    ,illu/ration3    
,,specim5 ,,( ,a ,,regim5tal ,,head/one4
      ,inscriptions1 ,regi/]s1 &        
,plann+4    ,9 addition to ! "n & rank  
^u ! head/one1 ! ,commission feel  t    
relatives %\ld1 if !y wi%1 add a %ort   
inscription ( _!  own *oice z an        
expression ( p]sonal feel+ & affection4 
,^!  inscriptions w be at ! relatives'  
exp5se1 &1 to avoid unduly  cr[d+ !     
/ones ) v small lett]+1 :i*1 besides be+
  difficult to read1 does n wea!r well1 
x has be5 f\nd necess>y to  re/rict !   
l5g? ( ! inscription to sixty-six       
lett]s4,a     ,a ,9 c\nt+ ! sixty-six   
lett]s1 ! space betwe5 any two words    
mu/ be reckon$ z "o lett]4    ,e cemet]y
 w keep regi/]s ( ! dead buri$ !re1 & 9 
^! regi/]s x is hop$ t x w be possible1 
) !  assi/ance ( 8 k91 to ent] ! age1   
p>5tage1 & bir?place (  ea* kn[n man4   
,! plann+ & plant+ ( ! cemet]ies mu/    
dep5d l>gely on _!  site & ! climate ( !

 c\ntry1 b x is propos$ t1 z a  g5]al   
rule1 ! cemet]ies %\ld h build+s design$
 =  s]vices1 c]emonies1 & %elt]1 :]e !  
regi/] ( t cemet]y  w be kept "u p]man5t
 safegu>d4 ,to recapitulate3--          
#a4 ,= ea* ,cemet]y its ,cross (        
,sacrifice & ,/one (       ,remembrance1
 ! latt] be>+ ! quotation               
7,ecclesia/icus #dd1       v4 #ad7 8,,_!
 ,,"n ,,live? ,,= ,,ev]more02           
#b4 ,= ea* grave its endur+ head/one1   
c>v$ ) ! symbol (       ! dead man's    
fai?1 8 "n & rank1 8 ,regim5tal badge1 &
       :atev] text or inscription 8     
relatives may add2         #c4 ,9 !     
,cemet]y build+ ! regi/] 9 :i* ! man's  
bir?place1 age1 & p>5tage c be record$ &
 ref]r$ to4      ,memorials to ! ,miss+4
    ,?is matt] is naturally ( ! deepe/  
conc]n to ! relatives (  ^? ^: bodies h 
nev] be5 recov]$ or id5tifi$1 or ^:     
graves1 once made1 h be5 de/roy$ by lat]
 battles4 ,_! numb] is  n small1 & ,sir 
,fr$]ic ,k5yon has sugge/$ t ! be/ way  
to  record _! memory w\ld be to place a 

tablet on ! walls or cloi/]s  at !      
cemet]y ne>e/ to ! spot :]e x is presum$
 !y h lo/  _! lives4 ,9 ! case ( (fic]s 
& m5 9 ! ,fly+ ,corps1 !  place ( ^:    
dea? c\ld n be kn[n )9 _m miles1 !      
tablet  might be plac$ 9 ! cemet]y ne>e/
 to ! camp f :i* !y _h  />t$ on _! la/  
flight4 ,b 9 any case relatives may be  
assur$  t ! dead :o h no kn[n re/+-place
 w be made equal )  ! o!rs1 & t ea* case
 w be dealt ) ^u full  consid]ation (   
its m]its z reg>ds ! site & ! place ( ! 
memorial4      ,graves ( ,indian        
,troops4    ,! symbols ( _! fai? w also 
be c>v$ on ! head/ones ( !  soldi]s ( ! 
,indian ,armies :o f\ght beside _!      
comrades f  ,engl& & ?r\gh\t ! ,empire 9
 ,france & ,belgium 9 #aiad-af2 &  ( !  
,indian ,lab\r ,corps :o h s9ce work$ & 
tak5 ! risks (  life beh9d ! l9es4 ,a   
committee ( ! ,commission has decid$ ^u 
! =m t ^! symbols %\ld take1 & has fur!r
 recomm5d$  t a ,mohamm$an mosque &     
,h9du temple %\ld be erect$ 9 ,france  =
 remembrance ( ! sacrifice made by      

,h9dus & ,mohamm$ans alike 9  ! w>4 ,!  
designs = ^! build+s h be5 submitt$ =   
approval 9 ,india4 ,9 all su* matt]s !  
treatm5t ( ! bodies (  ^! soldi]s w be 9
 /rict con=mity ) ! practice ( _!       
religions1 & w be c>ri$ out "u !        
sup]vision ( native  (fic]s4            
,illu/ration3 ,,specim5 ,,( ,a          
,,regim5tal ,,head/one4    ,illu/ration3
 ,,specim5 ,,( ,a ,,jewi% ,,head/one4   
,treatm5t ( ,isolat$ ,graves4    ,aft] s
 _m ye>s ( fight+ ov] d5sely populat$ & 
civilis$  c\ntries l ,france & ,belgium1
 x is inevitable t !re mu/ be  s+le     
graves & gr\ps 9 positions :]e1 :5 !    
life ( ! l&  goes =w>d aga91 !y _c be   
rea*$ or t5d$4 ,"s lie 9 :at  7 once t[n
 or village ?or\ghf>es1 & w be s aga92  
o!rs by  ! side ( railway /ations &     
goods y>ds1 h\ses or factories1 9       
arable or pa/ure fields1 p>ks1 g>d5s & !
 l4 ,! objections to  leav+ ^! graves   
:]e !y are ne$ n be dwelt ^u4 ,no       
precautions save !m f be+ encroa*$ ^u or
 oblit]at$ 9 !  c\rse ( "t4 ,!re is1    

moreov]1 a /rong s5tim5t among all ranks
  t su* scatt]$ graves look lonely1 & ! 
in/9ct ( ! ,s]vices  dem&s t ^? :o fell 
by ! wayside %\ld be ga!r$ 9 to re/  ) !
 ne>e/ ma9 body ( _! companions4 ,t is  
:at !  ,commission1 ) all due c>e &     
rev]5ce1 proposes to d4      ,removal ( 
,bodies4    ,9 view ( ! enorm\s numb]   
7ov] half a million7 ( our dead 9       
,france alone1 ! removal ( bodies to    
,engl& w\ld be impossible1 ev5  7 !re a 
g5]al desire = x4 ,b ! ov]:elm+ majority
 (  relatives are cont5t t _! k9 %\ld   
lie--(fic]s & m5  toge!r--9 ! c\ntries t
 !y h r$eem$4 ,! ,alli$ nations1  too1 h
 freely giv5 _! l& to our dead = ev]1 & 
t (f]  has be5 accept$ by ! ,gov]nm5ts4 
,to all[ exhumation & removal 9  ! few  
cases :]e x has be5 sugge/$ w\ld1 x     
seem$ to !  ,commission1 be undesirable1
 if only on ! pr9ciple ( equality1 &1   
judg+ f :at _m gallant fight]s h said & 
writt5 be=e  !y 9 _! turn fell1 a       
violation1 9 all b a few special cases1 
(  ! desire ( ! dead !mselves4          

,battle ,memorials4    ,memorials to    
commemorate ! p>ts borne by p>ticul>    
armies1  divisions1 or regim5ts 9       
campaigns & battles1 su* z1 to "n only  
a few1 ! ,canadians at ,ypres1 ! ,s\?   
,africans at ,delville ,wood1 !         
,au/ralians at ,ami5s1 ! ,briti% at !   
break+ ( ! ,h9d5burg  l9e1 w be advis$  
^u by a fully repres5tative milit>y     
committee1  & x is to be hop$ t ! be/   
art ( ! ,empire w give its  s]vices &   
advice 9 ! design+ ( !m4                
,sugge/ions f ! ,public4    ,b ! "w s f>
 has only be5 block$ out1 & !re is room 
&  welcome = sugge/ions ( e k9d f !     
public ?r\gh\t !  _w1 ^: s]vants !      
,commission are4 ,= example1 x has be5  
sugge/$ t ! entrance to individual      
cemet]ies %\ld c>ry a text  or          
inscription1 & x has be5 decid$ t       
monum5ts %\ld be erect$  to ! dead ^:   
graves are unkn[n1 ( a special =m :i*   
has yet to  be settl$4 ,^! are po9ts1   
among o!rs1 ^u :i* ! ,commission  w\ld  
be grateful = expressions ( op9ion4     

,! ,progress ( ! ,"w4    ,meantime1 !   
long & difficult bus9ess ( id5tification
 &  regi/ration goes =w>d /ill on all   
fronts4 ,! v>i\s ar*itects to  ^: *>ge !
 cemet]ies h be5 allott$ are prep>+ _!  
designs = ! plant+ & ! build+ requir$ 9 
,france1 & /eps  are be+ tak5 to prep>e 
dignifi$ & *>act]i/ic designs = our     
cemet]ies 9 ! ,ea/ & else:]e4 ,all ?is c
 be effect$ 9  reasonable "t2 b !re is  
no possibility ( exp$it+ ! deliv]y  ( ! 
head/ones4 ,m ?an half a million ( ^! w 
be requir$1  & at pres5t !re is n lab\r 
en\gh 9 all ! _w to cut1 c>ve  & lett]  
!m4 ,:ile !y are be+ made ! wood5       
crosses w  /&1 &1 :]e necess>y1 w be    
r5ew$2 ! regi/]s w be  fill$ & fil$1 & !
 cemet]ies w be fai?fully & rev]5tly    
t5d$4         ,london3 ,,publi%$ ,,by   
,,8 ,,maje/y',s ,,/ation]y ,,(fice4 ,to 
be       pur*as$ ?r\gh any ,booksell] or
 directly f ,h4,m4 ,/ation]y            
,(fice at ! foll[+ addresses3 ,imp]ial  
,h\se1 ,k+sway1       ,london1 ,w4,c4   
#b1 & #bh1 ,ab+don ,/reet1 ,london1     

,s4,w4 #a2 #cg1 ,pet]       ,/reet1     
,man*e/]2 #a1 ,/4 ,&rew's ,cresc5t1     
,c>diff2 #bc1 ,=?       ,/reet1         
,ed9burgh2 or f ,e4 ,ponsonby1 ,ltd41   
#aaf1 ,grafton ,/reet1       ,dubl94    
,price #f;d4 ,net4