,,autobiography ,,( ,,sir ,,john ,,r5nie1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,illu/ration ,,autobiography ,,( ,,sir ,,john ,,r5nie1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,,pa/ ,,presid5t ,,( ,,! ,,in/itution ,,( ,,civil ,,eng9e]s4 ,,compris+ ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,8 ,,pr(essional ,,life1 ,,toge!r ,,) ,,rem9isc5ces ,,dat+ ,,f ,,! ,,comm5cem5t ,,( ,,! ,,c5tury ,,to ,,! ,,pres5t ,,"t4 ,illu/ration ,,london3 ,e4 ,f4 ,n4 ,,spon1 #dh1 ,,*>+ ,,cross4 ,,new ,,york3 #ddf1 ,,broome ,,/reet4 #ahge4 ,,preface4 ,! foll[+ ,autobiography 0 writt5 by ,sir ,john ,r5nie 9 #ahfg1 %ortly aft] he _h retir$ f ! active duties ( 8 pr(ession4 ,z w be p]ceiv$ 9 ! sequel1 x 0 compos$ :olly f memory4 ,sir ,john 0 subsequ5tly unable to revise x z he w\ld h desir$1 & x has s9ce be5 f\nd impossible to d s4 ,nev]!less x is believ$ t b few sub/antial errors w be f\nd2 :ile ! k9dl9ess ) :i* ! autobiograph] inv>iably speaks ( e p]son ) :om he came 9 contact1 is a gu>antee t !re c be no?+ to (f5d ! mo/ s5sitive p]son1 or :i* might t5d to injure ! j claims & reputations ( o!rs4 ,x is n[ pres5t$ to ! public 9 its orig9al /ate1 hav+ und]gone m]ely "s necess>y correction1 9 ! hope t ! memoirs ( ! man :o 0 p]haps unrivall$ 9 8 bran* ( ! pr(ession--& :i* comprise valuable h9ts z to ! neglect$ art ( hydraulics1 z well z advice to eng9e]s comm5c+ _! c>e]1 ! result ( ! exp]i5ce ( a lifetime ( no ord9>y duration--toge!r ) ! rem9isc5ces ( "o :o _h se5 mu* bo? ( m5 & ?+s1 8,qui mores hom9um multorum vidit et urbes10 may n be unacceptable ei!r to ! pr(ession or ! _w at l>ge4 ,,london1 ,septemb]1 #ahge4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,my bir? & e>ly education--,i ent] my ,fa!r's (fice--,comm5cem5t ( ,wat]loo & ,s\?w>k ,bridges--,anecdotes ( ,mr4 ,f]guson1 ( ,pitf\r--,! ,/ockton & ,d>l+ton ,railway1 & ,surveys betwe5 ,port ,patrick & ,donaghadee--,acc\nt ( ! mode ( erect+ ! ar*es ( ,s\?w>k ,bridge--,j\rney to ! ,cont95t & ,field ( ,wat]loo--,acc\nt ( ! build+ ( ,wat]loo ,bridge--,x is op5$ 9 ,/ate by ! ,pr9ce ,reg5t1 #ahag4 ,page #a ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,travels 9 ,switz]l&1 ,italy1 ,greece1 ,asia ,m9or1 ,con/ant9ople1 & ,egypt--,return to ,engl&--,dea? ( ,mr4 ,r5nie #cf ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,eau ,br9k ,cut--,ramsgate ,h>b\r--,%e]ness ,docky>d--,plym\? ,breakwat]--,anecdote ( ! late ,mr4 ,j4 ,fox--,london ,bridge & ,approa*es--,sir ,f4 ,tr5*'s ,plan = ,quay+ ! ,?ames--,n5e ,outfall--,cross ,keys ,bridge--,norfolk ,e/u>y--,improvem5t ( ! ,)am--,an*olme ,dra9age #aeg ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,sket* ( ! ,rise & ,progress ( ! ,railway ,sy/em--,! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool1 ,london & ,birm+ham1 & o!r e>ly ,l9es #bbh ,,*apt] ,v4 ,travels 9 ! ,nor? ( ,europe & ,spa9 #beb ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,%ip ,canal f ,portsm\? to ,london--,ma*9]y & ,eng9e ,mak+--,screw ,/eam ,%ips--,h>tlepool & ,coquet ,h>b\rs--,railways r\nd ,london--,railway ,mania--,s\?-,ea/]n ,railway--,london1 ,*a?am1 & ,dov] ,railway #bhd ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,sw$i% ,railways--,surveys 9 ,holl& & ,portugal #cjd ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,surveys 9 ,portugal & ,tunis #cdc ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,surveys at ,odessa & ,vi5na--,h>b\r at ,ponta ,delgada--,ramsgate--,dag5ham #cgg ,,*apt] ,x4 ,retrospect--,london ,bridge--,%e]ness ,docky>d--,plym\? ,breakwat] & ,victuall+ ,y>d--,/eam ,vessels = ! ,navy--,h>b\rs--,railways--,broad & ,n>r[ ,gauge--,atmosph]ic ,railway--,wat] ,supply & ,sewage #djg ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,! ,=mation ( ,natural ,breakwat]s--,! ,society ( ,civil ,eng9e]s--,! ,education ( a ,civil ,eng9e]--,"s ,h9ts on ,practice--,e/imat+--,conclusion #dbg ,index #dei ,,autobiography ,,( ,,sir ,,john ,,r5nie4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,my bir? & e>ly education--,i ent] my ,fa!r's (fice--,comm5cem5t ( ,wat]loo & ,s\?w>k ,bridges--,anecdotes ( ,mr4 ,f]guson1 ( ,pitf\r--,! ,/ockton & ,d>l+ton ,railway & ,surveys betwe5 ,port ,patrick & ,donaghadee--,acc\nt ( ! mode ( erect+ ! ar*es ( ,s\?w>k ,bridge--,j\rney to ! ,cont95t & ,field ( ,wat]loo--,acc\nt ( ! build+ ( ,wat]loo ,bridge--,x is op5$ 9 ,/ate by ! ,pr9ce ,reg5t1 #ahag4 ,i 0 born at #bg1 ,/am=d ,/reet1 ,blackfri>s1 ,london1 on ! #cj? ( ,augu/1 #agid4 ,hav+ be5 taught my lett]s at home1 ,i 0 s5t to ! c>e ( ,dr4 ,gre5law1 :o kept a boys' s*ool at ,islewor?4 ,x 0 a l>ge h\se1 =m]ly belong+ to ! ,bi%op ( ,london4 ,to ! h\se 7 atta*$ excell5t g>d5s & playgr\nd4 ,! situation1 moreov]1 0 op5 & heal?y1 & ! total numb] ( boys 0 ab\t fifty1 rang+ f eight to sixte5 ye>s ( age4 ,!y 7 well f$ & tak5 c>e ( by ! ,doctor's excell5t wife1 & 8 si/]-9-law1 ,miss ,hodgk9s4 ,! ,doctor's elde/ daught]1 ,miss ,gre5law1 taught ! y\nge/ boys _! lett]s2 :il/ ! ,doctor & 8 assi/ants devot$ !mselves to ! education ( ! o!rs1 :i* education consi/$ *iefly ( classics1 writ+1 ari?metic1 ,fr5*1 & occasionally geography & ! elem5ts ( a/ronomy4 ,dur+ ! "t t ,i 0 !re ! mo/ rem>kable s*ol> 0 ! celebrat$ poet1 ,p]cy ,bys%e ,%elley1 :o 0 !n ab\t twelve or ?irte5 7z f> z ,i c rememb]71 & ev5 at t e>ly age exhibit$ consid]able poetical tal5t1 accompani$ by a viol5t & extremely excitable temp]1 :i* manife/$ itself 9 all k9ds ( ecc5tricities4 ,8 figure 0 ( ! middle size1 al?\gh slight1 b well made4 ,8 head 0 well proportion$1 & cov]$ ) a pr(usion ( br[n locks2 8 features regul>1 b r small2 8 eyes hazel1 re/less1 & brilliant2 8 complexion 0 fair & transp>5t2 & 8 c\nt5ance r effem9ate1 b exce$+ly animat$4 ,! lea/ circum/ance t ?w>t$ him produc$ ! mo/ viol5t p>oxysms ( rage2 & :5 irritat$ by o!r boys1 :i* !y1 kn[+ 8 infirmity1 frequ5tly did by way ( teas+ him1 he w\ld take up any?+1 or ev5 any little boy ne> him1 to ?r[ at 8 torm5tors4 ,8 imag9ation 0 always rov+ ^u some?+ romantic & extraord9>y1 su* z spirits1 fairies1 fight+1 volcanoes1 c41 & he n unfrequ5tly a/oni%$ 8 s*oolfell[s by bl[+ up ! b\nd>y pal+s ( ! playgr\nd ) gunp[d]1 also ! lid ( 8 desk 9 ! middle ( s*ooltime1 to ! great surprise ( ,dr4 ,gre5law himself & ! :ole s*ool4 ,9 fact1 at times he 0 consid]$ to be almo/ ^u ! bord]s ( insanity2 yet ) all ?is1 :5 treat$ ) k9dness1 he 0 v amiable1 noble1 high-spirit$1 & g5]\s2 he us$ to write v]se1 ,engli% & ,lat91 ) consid]able facility1 & atta9$ a high position 9 ! s*ool be=e he left = ,eton1 :]e1 ,i und]/&1 he 0 equally1 if n m1 extraord9>y & ecc5tric4 ,cotempor>y ) ,%elley !re 0 ano!r peculi> "*1 nam$ ,tr$cr(t1 f ! same c\nty1 viz4 ,sussex2 he also _h consid]able poetical tal5t1 b un=tunately lo/ 8 heal?1 & ultimately1 ,i und]/&1 di$ completely imbecile at an e>ly age4 ,i rema9$ at ?is s*ool until ! ye> #ahjg1 by :i* "t ,i _h acquir$ a tol]able k ( ! ,greek & ,lat9 classics1 & ari?metic z f> z vulg> fractions & decimals4 ,i 0 !n s5t to ! celebrat$ ,dr4 ,burney's1 at ,gre5wi*1 :]e !re 7 ab\t #ajj boys1 v>y+ f t5 to eighte54 ,dr4 ,*>les ,burney 0 consid]$ "o ( ! be/ ,greek & ,lat9 s*ol>s ( ! day1 & 0 ! intimate fri5d ( ,porson & num]\s o!r lit]>y celebrities4 ,8 s*ool 0 !re=e v highly e/eem$ = classics1 b = little or no?+ else2 = al?\gh a c]ta9 quantity ( ari?metic & ! elem5ts ( algebra & geometry 7 taught1 yet ^! 7 q second>y to ! classics4 ,i !re=e made little fur!r progress 9 any?+ b classics1 9 :i* ,i became a tol]able pr(ici5t1 & _h ,hom]1 ,?ucydides1 ,euripides1 ,sophocles1 ,virgil1 ,horace1 c41 at my f+]s' ends1 :il/ ,i c\ld sc>cely demon/rate ! ,pons as9orum ( ,euclid2 9 fact1 9 ^? days a k ( ,greek & ,lat9 0 consid]$ z includ+ ev]y?+ else1 & any?+ l a sci5ce or physics 0 consid]$ ( second>y consequ5ce4 ,i made ! acqua9tance ( two m51 :o aft]w>ds mu* di/+ui%$ !mselves by _! sci5tific acquirem5ts1 namely1 ! late ,h]b]t ,mayo1 ! well-kn[n surgeon & physiologi/2 also ! late ,sir ,george ,ev]e/1 ! sci5tific ,director ( ! ,triangul> ,survey ( ,india2 & ,dr4 ,milman1 late ,dean ( ,/4 ,paul's4 ,dr4 ,burney's s*ool 0 by no means s well manag$ z t ( ,dr4 ,gre5law 9 ev]y?+ :i* reg>d$ ! com=t ( ! boys1 nei!r 7 !y s well f$ or look$ aft]1 & x 0 a great relief to me :5 ,i left ! s*ool 9 #ahji4 ,x !n became a "q ) my fa!r :e!r ,i %\ld g to ,ox=d or ,cambridge1 or :e!r ,i %\ld f9i% my education at home1 "u ! sup]9t5d5ce ( prop] ma/]s4 ,ab\t ?is p]iod1 & ev] s9ce ! ye> #ahjb1 !re 0 no?+ b w> he>d or talk$ ( all ov] ! _w4 ,! :ole c\ntry 0 z x 7 turn$ into a camp2 e man capable ( be>+ arms became a volunte]1 & at s*ool ev5 we 7 regul>ly drill$ to ! use ( arms2 & ,i 0 s excit$ by ! extraord9>y victories ( ,nelson & ! e>ly c>e] ( ,well+ton t ,i det]m9$ to ent] ! army1 b to ?is my fa!r 0 decid$ly oppos$1 z he wi%$ to br+ me up to 8 own pr(ession4 ,i 0 !re=e reluctantly oblig$ to give up all idea ( ! milit>y pr(ession & foll[ t ( a civil eng9e]2 & my fa!r wisely det]m9$ t ,i %\ld g ?r\gh all ! gradations1 bo? practical & !oretical1 :i* c\ld n be done if ,i w5t to ! ,univ]sity1 z ! practical "p1 :i* he consid]$ mo/ important1 mu/ be ab&on$2 =1 he said1 aft] a "y man has be5 ?ree or f\r ye>s at ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d or ,cambridge1 he _c1 )\t mu* difficulty1 turn himself to ! practical "p ( civil eng9e]+4 ,all idea1 !re=e1 ( my go+ to ,cambridge or ,ox=d 0 giv5 up4 ,my fa!r at t p]iod _h "o dep>tm5t ( 8 bus9ess exclusively devot$ to practical me*anics1 t is1 to ! mak+ ( ma*9]y ( all k9ds2 ?is dep>tm5t1 al?\gh x =m$ by no means ! pr9cipal "p ( 8 pr(ession1 nev]!less enabl$ him to make exp]im5ts :i* 7 ( great value 9 ! o!r dep>tm5ts ( 8 bus9ess1 & 0 by no means unpr(itable1 z ! importance ( ma*9]y & me*anical contrivances 0 !n to a c]ta9 ext5t appreciat$1 & 0 daily becom+ m s4 ,my fa!r always said t !oretical & practical me*anics 7 ! true f\ndations ( all civil eng9e]+2 & he !re=e insi/$ t z ,i _h to a c]ta9 ext5t le>n$ ! !oretical1 s ,i mu/ n[ le>n ! practical "p4 ,i 0 !re=e s5t into ! me*anical dep>tm5t1 & comm5c$ "w plan+ & saw+ bo>ds1 mak+ patt]ns1 & o!r simil> works4 ,aft] ?is ,i 0 put to turn+ bo? wood & metal2 & al?\gh ,i did n atta9 complete practical effici5cy 9 ^! dep>tm5ts1 :i* w\ld h requir$ sev]al ye>s1 nev]!less ,i le>n$ suffici5t to enable me to become a tol]able judge ( workman%ip4 ,i 0 !n put into ! draw+ (fice1 :]e ,i le>n$ to copy geometrical plans1 by :i*1 9 a %ort "t1 9 comb9ation ) :at ,i _h acquir$ 9 ! work%op1 ,i ga9$ a g5]al k ( design & con/ruction4 ,my "t 0 employ$ 9 ?is mann] ab\t eight h\rs daily1 b my ev5+s 7 devot$ to ! acquisition ( geometry1 algebra1 & trigonometry1 plane & sph]ical2 also a/ronomy "u ! late ,a/ronom] ,royal1 ,mr4 ,pond1 & 8 fa!r-9-law1 ,dr4 ,bradley1 & 9 le>n+ ,fr5*1 ,italian1 & ,g]man4 ,hav+ acquir$ to a c]ta9 ext5t a pr(ici5cy 9 ! ma!matical sci5ces1 ,i 0 plac$ "u ! direction ( ! late ,mr4 ,francis ,giles1 a l& surveyor ( consid]able exp]i5ce & ability1 :o 0 g5]ally employ$ by my fa!r to make 8 v>i\s hydraulic surveys = canals & h>b\rs "u 8 imm$iate direction1 :i* ,mr4 ,giles execut$ ) 8 usual fidelity & ability4 ,"u ,mr4 ,giles ,i le>n$ ! use ( ! *a91 level1 & !odolite1 & 0 enabl$ to apply my !oretical k 9 trigonometry1 plane & sph]ical1 to practice4 ,ab\t ?is p]iod1 viz4 ! ye> #ahac1 hav+ obta9$ a tol]able k ( ! rudim5ts ( my pr(ession1 bo? !oretical & practical1 my fa!r det]m9$ to place ^u my %\ld]s a c]ta9 degree ( responsibility1 & put me "u ! direction ( t late wor?y & excell5t man1 ,mr4 ,james ,holl+swor?1 :om my fa!r _h appo9t$ to be resid5t eng9e] ( ! ,wat]loo ,bridge1 :i* 0 !n build+4 ,i felt ! responsibility ( ?is (fice a good deal1 & ent]$ ^u x ) e det]m9ation & desire to meet my fa!r's approbation2 & dur+ ! inclem5t w9t] ( #ahac-ad1 :5 ! fro/ la/$ ab\t two mon?s1 & ! ,?ames above ,london ,bridge 0 froz5 ov] = sev]al weeks1 ,i 0 oblig$ to att5d ! pil+ ( ! f\ndations ( ! fir/ & second pi]s on ! ,surrey side ( ! riv] night & day = ?ree days ea* week1 :i* sev]ely tri$ my con/itution4 ,at ?is p]iod ,vauxhall ,bridge 0 also 9 c\rse ( con/ruction1 & ,i 0 direct$ by my fa!r to att5d to ?is also1 "u ,mr4 ,jones1 ! resid5t eng9e]2 b !y _h sc>cely f9i%$ ! ,middlesex abutm5t up to ! spr++ ( ! fir/ ar*1 & 7 prep>+ ! caisson = f\nd+ ! fir/ pi]1 :5 ! ,company f\nd t !y _h n suffici5t funds to c>ry into effect ,mr4 ,r5nie's design1 :i* 0 v beautiful4 ,! bridge 0 to be made entirely ( ! f9e blue s&/one f ,dundee1 & 0 to consi/ ( sev5 ar*es1 segm5ts ( circles1 ! c5tre ar* be+ #aaj feet span1 ) a rise or v]s$ s9e ( #ai feet1 & dep? ( key/one #d feet #f in*es2 pi]s #ah feet #f in*es ?ick at ! spr++ ( ! ar*1 ! two ar*es next ! c5tre be+ #aje feet span ea*1 ) a rise or v]s$ s9e ( #ag feet1 key/one #d feet #e in*es1 & spr++ /ones #i feet long1 & ! two pi]s #ag feet #f in*es ?ick ea*4 ,! two next ar*es 7 #ajj feet span1 ) a rise or v]s$ s9e ( #ae feet1 key/ones #d feet #d in*es1 & spr+]s #i feet1 & pi]s #ag feet ?ick ea*2 ! two sub or %ore ar*es #ij feet span ea*1 ) a rise or v]s$ s9e ( #ac feet1 key/ones #d feet1 & spr+]s #h feet1 abutm5ts #ba feet ?ick at ! spr++1 hav+ a total wid? ( wat]way ( #gjj feet4 ,! ar*es 7 surm\nt$ by a ,roman ,doric cornice & pla9 block & pl9? p>apet1 & ! project+ po9ts ( ! pi]s 7 surm\nt$ by solid squ>e pila/]s1 ) a ni*e 9 ! c5tre4 ,! roadway 0 #cd feet wide betwe5 ! p>apets1 & 0 =m$ by a v flat segm5t ( a circle ris+ #a 9 #ec4 ,! pi]s 7 int5d$ to be f\nd$ by caissons re/+ ^u a plat=m support$ by be>+ & surr\nd$ by %eet+ piles4 ,?is 0 ^u ! :ole a v elegant1 light1 & *a/e design4 ,f9d+ t ! ,company _h n suffici5t funds to c>ry into effect ! /one design1 ,mr4 ,r5nie propos$ ano!r :olly ( iron1 consi/+ ( elev5 ar*es1 ) a total wat]way ( #gcb feet1 support$ ^u ca/-iron columns fill$ ) masonry & re/+ ^u a plat=m support$ ^u piles & surr\nd$ by %eet+ piles4 ,! c5tre ar* 0 to be #hf feet span & #h feet rise1 & ! o!rs dim9i%+ regul>ly to ea* end s z to enable ! roadway to be =m$ into a graceful curve ris+ #a foot 9 #fj4 ,?is also 0 an extremely light1 elegant1 & economical design4 ,! total co/ ( ?is elegant design 0 e/imat$ at #ajj1jjjl41 & w\ld h be5 execut$ fir/1 b at t "t ev5 ?is am\nt 0 n =?com+4 ,! works !n /opp$1 & "s "t elaps$ be=e ! ,company 0 resum$1 & ultimately con/ruct$ ! pres5t bridge4 ,9 ! ye> #ahad-ae my fa!r 0 appo9t$ eng9e]-9-*ief ( ! ,s\?w>k ,bridge ,company1 & z ?is 0 propos$ to be con/ruct$ 9 ! n>r[e/ "p ( ! riv] betwe5 ,blackfri>s & ! ,old ,london ,bridge1 consid]able opposition 0 made to ! ,act ( ,p>liam5t = its con/ruction by ! ,corporation ( ,london & ! ,cons]vators ( ! riv]1 on acc\nt ( ! ob/ruction :i* !y said ! bridge w\ld (f] to ! navigation2 ?is h[ev] 0 f9ally ov]come1 b x 0 decid$ by ,p>liam5t t ! bridge %\ld be con/ruct$ ) z l>ge ar*es z possible4 ,accord+ly ,mr4 ,r5nie submitt$ a design consi/+ ( ?ree ca/-iron ar*es1 ! c5tre be+ #bdj feet span1 ) a v]s$ s9e ( #bd feet1 & two side ar*es ( #baj feet ea*1 ) a v]s$ s9e or rise ( #ah feet #aj in*es ea*1 ) pi]s ( #bd feet wide ea* at ! spr++1 ?us giv+ a cle> l9eal wat]way ( #ffj feet1 :i* 0 a great deal m ?an t ( ! ,old ,london ,bridge at t "t exi/+4 ,?is design 0 approv$ ( & ord]$ to be c>ri$ into effect4 ,by ?is "t1 ) ! exp]i5ce ( ! ,wat]loo & ,vauxhall bridges & my o!r /udies1 ,i _h ga9$ consid]able k 9 bridge build+1 & my fa!r 0 anxi\s to give me z mu* enc\ragem5t z possible2 al?\gh1 !re=e1 he appo9t$ a wor?y & practical man1 ,mr4 ,me/on1 z nom9ally ! resid5t eng9e]1 yet he confid$ to me ! ardu\s task ( mak+ out ! work+ draw+s "u 8 own direction1 & ( c>ry+ !m into effect4 ,i !re=e felt highly gratifi$ ) ?is great m>k ( confid5ce1 & devot$ my :ole en]gies to ! "w night & day4 ,! ironwork 0 c>ri$ into effect by ,messrs4 ,walk]1 ( ,ro!rham1 "u ! able managem5t ( _! exp]i5c$ & able sup]9t5d5t1 ,mr4 ,yeats1 & ! masonry & pil+ "u ! well-kn[n contractors1 ,messrs4 ,jolliffe & ,banks2 & ,mr4 ,me/on1 ! resid5t eng9e]1 fai?fully dis*>g$ 8 duties4 ,z ^! ar*es 7 ! l>ge/ ( ! k9d ev] con/ruct$1 consid]able d\bts z to _! /ability occurr$ to _m1 & ! subject 0 discuss$ among/ sci5tific m5 ) consid]able en]gy2 & among/ o!rs1 ! celebrat$ ,dr4 ,"y und]took to inve/igate ,mr4 ,r5nie's calculations1 & came to ! conclusion t ! bridge 0 well design$1 & w\ld be a p]fectly safe & /able /ructure1 & equal to ! support ( any weight or am\nt ( traffic :i* c\ld be br\ght ov] x4 ,b 9 ord] to fulfil ^! conditions1 x 0 absolutely necess>y t e detail ( mat]ials & workman%ip %\ld be work$ out ) ! greate/ skill & accuracy4 ,z ! ar*es 7 ( su* great span ) s small rise1 ! pressure ^u ! pi]s & abutm5ts 0 *iefly lat]al2 x !re=e became necess>y to con/ruct !m 9 su* a mann] t !y %\ld (f] ! mo/ effectual resi/ance to ?is pressure4 ,9 consequ5ce1 ! f\ndations ( ! abutm5ts 7 made on an incl9e1 & ! masonry f !nce upw>ds to ! spr++ ( ! ar*es 0 made to consi/ ( a s]ies ( c\rses radiat+ upw>ds until !y rea*$ ! angle ( ! spr++ c\rses2 s t1 9 po9t ( fact1 ! abutm5ts =m$1 z x 71 a cont9uation ( ! side ar*es to _! base2 & 9 ord] to connect ! c\rses ( masonry m solidly toge!r1 ! c\rses 7 connect$ ) ea* o!r f ! top to ! bottom by sev]al s]ies ( v]tical bond /ones1 ?us =m+ "o solid immovable mass4 ,^! abutm5ts 7 support$ on a plat=m compos$ ( piles1 d\ble sleep]s1 & plank+1 ! piles be+ #bj feet long1 #ab in*es 9 diamet] 9 ! middle1 & driv5 solidly into ! gr\nd at "r angles to ! incl9ation ( ! f\ndation4 ,z ! pressure ^u ! pi]s 0 ne>ly equal on bo? sides1 x 0 necess>y t ! f\ndations %\ld be laid level4 ,^! also re/ ^u a wood5 plat=m ( d\ble sills & plank+1 ly+ ^u piles ( ! same dim5sions z ^? ( ! abutm5ts1 driv5 v]tically into ! gr\nd bel[1 & ! c\rses ( masonry1 :i* 7 laid horizontally1 7 connect$ toge!r 9 ! v]tical direction by a s]ies ( bond /ones 9 a simil> mann] to ^? ( ! abutm5ts4 ,! abutm5ts & pi]s 7 f\nd$ _m feet bel[ l[-wat] m>k ( spr+ tides1 s z to be bel[ ! rea* ( any possible sc\r ( ! riv]4 ,^? p>ts ( ! pi]s f imm$iately bel[ ! spr++ ( ! ar*es to a po9t above ! top ( ! ma9 solid ribs ( ! ar*es 7 compos$ ( l>ge blocks ( /one set ne>ly v]tically1 break+ bond lat]ally & v]tically ) ea* o!r1 & 9 ! c5tre ( ?is "p ( ! pi]s !re 0 a set ( key/ones #ab feet long & #b feet ?ick1 tap]+ on ea* side1 =m+ s _m /one w$ges4 ,^! 7 v f9ely work$ on all sides4 ,^! w$ge /ones broke bond lat]ally ) ! blocks 9 front ( !m1 & 7 firmly driv5 into _! places = a dep? ( #b feet by means ( heavy wood5 rams4 ,! masonry ( ! pila/]s & sali5t angles ( ! pi]s is ( ! same "* z ^? ( ! int]ior ( ! pi] be=e describ$1 & work$ into !m 9 ! same mann]1 s z to =m "o solid bond f "o po9t ( ! pi] to ! o!r4 ,! :ole ( ! ext]ior ( ?is "p ( ! pi]s1 z well z ( ! abutm5ts1 is cas$ ) granite f ,scotl& or ,cornwall2 & x 0 necess>y t ! blocks =m+ ?is cas+ %\ld be ( ! l>ge/ k9d1 :i* hi!rto 0 q unusual1 p>ticul>ly = ! fac+ ( ! abutm5ts f :5ce ! ar*es 7 to spr+1 :i* requir$ blocks f #ae to #bj tons4 ,^! 7 ( su* unusual magnitude1 & no?+ ( ! k9d _h hi!rto be5 us$ 9 ,london1 or ev5 else:]e 9 ,engl&1 t ! contractors made consid]able objection to obta9+ !m1 & ev5 w5t s f> z to say t x c\ld n be done4 ,i 0 p]fectly conv9c$ t x c\ld be done1 & t x 0 m]ely a "q ( a little extra exp5se1 & /rongly recomm5d$ my fa!r to insi/ ^u x1 z x 0 absolutely necess>y = ! security ( ! bridge2 & he did s1 & direct$ me to proce$ to ,ab]de5 = ! purpose ( obta9+ !m4 ,i accord+ly />t$ = ,ab]de52 & :5 !re1 c>efully exam9$ all ! qu>ries 9 ! neighb\rhood1 :i* ,i f\nd _h only be5 op5$ up on a small scale1 & 7 m]ely adapt$ = gett+ pav+ /ones1 ! comm]ce ( :i* ) ,london 0 !n ^u a consid]able scale2 b ! idea ( obta9+ blocks ( ! size requir$ = ! ,s\?w>k ,bridge 0 consid]$ to be entirely out ( ! "q2 or1 ev5 if !y c\ld be obta9$1 ! price w\ld be su* t ! contractors w\ld n cons5t to pay4 ,9 fact1 s _m difficulties & objections 7 made t ,i f\nd no?+ c\ld be done 9 t qu>t]4 ,i !re=e det]m9$ to proce$ to ,pet]head1 #cj miles f>!r nor?w>d1 :]e ! r$ granite ab\nds 9 l>ge masses ne> ! coa/1 & :]e ,i 0 told t ,i %\ld probably succe$2 b /ill1 !y said1 ev5 !re x w\ld be v difficult to get !m4 ,^u arriv+ at ,pet]head ,i imm$iately set to "w explor+ ! adjac5t c\ntry = sev]al miles r\nd1 & soon f\nd t blocks ( ! size requir$ c\ld readily be obta9$1 & ev5 l>g] ones if necess>y4 ,i accord+ly select$1 by way ( exp]im5t1 a mass ( solid rock ab\t f\r miles to ! s\? ( ,pet]head1 ly+ )9 a qu>t] ( a mile ( ! sea coa/1 & ab\t #bjj feet above ! ma9 turnpike road to ,pet]head1 :i* ran along ! sea %ore4 ,?is block1 weigh+ ab\t #be tons1 0 accord+ly m>k$ out1 & 0 soon deta*$ f ! ma9 mass ( rock by means ( w$ges1 & 0 #aj feet long & #e feet squ>e4 ,! workm5 :o execut$ ?is task 7 rew>d$ ) ample wages & a good supply ( :isky1 & 7 extremely pr\d ( _! a*ievem5t4 ,!n came ! important "q1 h[ !y 7 to convey x to ,pet]head4 ,to get x to ! turnpike road 0 soon accompli%$ by means ( a wood5 incl9$ tramway =m$ ( /\t planks mov$ ^u wood5 roll]s4 ,good wages & :isky settl$ ?is1 & ! workm5 consid]$ x a fur!r great triumph2 b /ill ! great] difficulty rema9$1 h[ to get ?is va/ block 7z x 0 !n consid]$7 f\r miles to ,pet]head4 ,i !n w5t back to ,pet]head1 & aft] num]\s inquiries1 & z _m failures & objections on all sides1 at la/ f\nd two l>ge s+le bogies1 ea* consi/+ ( a pair ( /rong :eels #h feet 9 diamet]1 connect$ by a /rong axle %aft & a d\ble pair ( %afts 9 front4 ,^! two pairs ( :eels ,i jo9$ toge!r at ! axle %afts by two /rong beams1 cas$ ) wr\ght iron1 & /r5g!n$ ! :eels & axles 9 o!r respects z f> z necess>y4 ,i !n took ?is c>riage to ! block ( r$ granite already m5tion$ ly+ 9 ! road1 & slung ! /one1 by means ( /rong *a9s1 to ! two longitud9al be>]s ( ! c>riage4 ,"s twelve or f\rte5 horses 7 !n atta*$ to ! c>riage1 & (f we dep>t$ 9 great triumph = ,pet]head4 ,! toll-keep]1 nev] hav+ se5 su* a mass ( /one be=e1 did n "k :at to *>ge4 ,h[ev]1 hav+ at l5g? satisfi$ 8 dem&1 we proce$$ onw>ds1 & we _h sc>cely advanc$ a mile :5 we came to a s(t piece ( road1 :i* yield$ "u ! great weight ( ! /one1 & ! :eels /uck fa/1 buri$ ab\t #i in*es 9 ! gr\nd4 ,?is accid5t creat$ g5]al dismay among/ ! att5dant workm51 & !y began to consid] ! task hopeless4 ,h[ev]1 no?+ daunt$ by ?is mis*ance1 ,i soon ralli$ _! c\rage1 & ) pl5ty ( screw-jacks1 w$ges1 & lev]s judici\sly appli$1 we rais$ ! :eels out ( ! gr\nd1 & plac$ /rong wood5 beams "u !m1 =m+ a r\gh k9d ( railway1 ov] :i* we dragg$ & pu%$ ! c>riage ) its /one 9 safety1 until we _h pass$ ! uns\nd "p ( ! road4 ,?is op]ation deta9$ u ab\t a day4 ,ev]ybody work$ ) ! greate/ ard\r & goodwill1 :i* 0 aid$ n a little by a pl5tiful supply ( ale & :isky1 & ! m5 7 det]m9$1 = ! hon\r ( ,scotl&1 t !y w\ld n be beat54 ,hav+ ov]come ?is s]i\s ob/acle1 we />t$ aga9 on our j\rney1 & rea*$ ,pet]head ab\t f\r h\rs aft]w>ds1 mak+ ! total l5g? ( ! j\rney--f\r miles--a day & a half4 ,! :ole t[n ( ,pet]head1 hav+ nev] se5 su* a sight be=e1 & hav+ consid]$ our task impracticable1 turn$ out to see u1 & welcom$ u ) ! mo/ en?usia/ic acclamations4 ,! next ?+ to be done1 hav+ succe$$ s f>1 0 to get a vessel t w\ld take ?is mon/r\s block ( /one1 z x 0 t]m$1 to ,london2 & al?\gh !re 7 a consid]able numb] ( vessels 9 ! h>b\r1 ,i c\ld n at fir/ prevail ^u any ( ! capta9s to take ! *>ge4 ,all sorts ( objections 7 made1 & among/ ! re/1 x 0 impossible to get ! /one on bo>d1 & if !y did1 x w\ld make a hole 9 ! bottom1 & ! vessel w\ld f\nd] ) all on bo>d4 ,at la/1 aft] a great deal ( difficulty1 ,i f\nd a brig ( ab\t #bjj tons bur!n1 ! capta9 ( :i*1 aft] a good deal ( p]suasion1 cons5t$ to take ! block ( /one to ,london1 provid$ t ,i w\ld put x on bo>d at my own risk & exp5se1 & indemnify him aga9/ all risk or loss on ! voyage1 :i* ,i accord+ly agre$ to d4 ,!n came ! la/ important "q1 h[ 0 ! block to be got on bo>d8 ,!re 0 no crane 9 ! port capable ( lift+ above #b or #c tons4 ,i imm$iately set to "w to supply ?is defici5cy by means ( two sets ( /rong %e]-poles1 capable ( be>+ #aj to #ae tons ea*4 ,! vessel engag$ 0 accord+ly br\ght alongside ! quay :]e ! #d-ton crane 0 fix$1 s t x %\ld ne>ly plumb ! c5tre ( ! hat*way ( ! vessel1 :i* x 0 necess>y to enl>ge & /r5g!n consid]ably be=e x c\ld receive ! /one4 ,i !n secur$ ! %e]-poles well at ! top1 & plac$ "o set on ea* side ( ! crane1 a %ort di/ance f ! extremity ( ea* end ( ! hat*way4 ,! legs ( ! %e]-poles 7 firmly fix$ 9 ! b$ ( ! h>b\r1 /rid+ ov] ! vessel1 s t !y 7 p]fectly indep5d5t ( ! vessel1 & ! top ( ea* pole 0 directly ov] ! c5tre ( ! hat*way4 ,to ! top ( ! %e]-poles ,i appli$ a pair ( /rong treble %eave-blocks1 capable ( receiv+ a ?ick rope2 ea* block 0 work$ by a d\ble pur*ase crab or w9dlass mann$ by eight m5 ea*1 besides f\r to "w ! crane1 s t ! block w\ld be susp5d$ at ?ree po9ts1 ! %e]s tak+ ! greate/ weight4 ,aft] a good deal ( tr\ble ,i got ! :ole ( ?is app>atus z complete z circum/ances w\ld p]mit1 :i* 7 n ! mo/ fav\rable4 ,f ! quay a /rong timb] gangway 0 con/ruct$ ov] ! hat*way1 ! out] end be+ support$1 cle> ( ! vessel1 by piles driv5 into ! b$ ( ! h>b\r on ea* side1 9 ord] t ! %ip might be kept p]fectly /eady until ! /one 0 plac$ )9 ! hold1 because o!rwise ! /one re/+ ^u any "p ( ! deck might h upset x4 ,ev]y?+ be+ ready1 ! /one 0 br\ght alongside ! vessel & ! tackle ( ! crane & ( ! two pairs ( %e]-poles 0 made fa/ to ?ree sets ( /rong *a9s fa/5$ r\nd ! /one1 :i* 0 transf]r$ ^u roll]s ov] ! c5tre ( ! hat*way ( ! vessel1 ! pur*ases ( ! crane & %e]-poles be+ kept suffici5tly tight s z to prev5t any undue pressure ^u ! plat=m4 ,! /one 0 !n rais$ cle> ( ! plat=m1 :5 ,i he>d a crack2 9 fact1 "o ( ! %e]-poles _h b5t & p>tially yield$2 x 0 !n block$1 &1 ! %e]s hav+ be5 fir/ splic$ ) /rong rope1 ! /one 0 aga9 hoi/$ & swung cle> ( ! plat=m1 :i* 0 remov$1 & ! /one 0 l[]$ into ! hold ( ! vessel & prop]ly secur$ )\t any fur!r delay or accid5t4 ,! :ole ( ^! op]ations 7 witness$ ) int5se int]e/ by _m ( ! inhabitants ( ,pet]head1 & :5 s successfully complet$ ! quays res\nd$ ) *e]s4 ,! gallant workm5 :o lab\r$ s ardu\sly & ) su* goodwill1 & to ^: ex]tions ! success may be ma9ly attribut$1 7 pl5te\sly regal$1 toge!r ) _! fri5ds1 ) all ! good ?+s :i* ,pet]head af=d$1 9 :i* ! wor?y inhabitants jo9$1 & ! rema9d] ( ! day 0 pass$ 9 mutual goodwill & fe/ivity4 ,my read]s w1 ,i tru/1 excuse ! detail$ mann] 9 :i* ,i h describ$ ^! op]ations1 :i* at ! pres5t day w\ld be consid]$ trifl+ to a degree1 b1 at ! "t above m5tion$1 m ?an half a c5tury s9ce1 op]ations ( ?is k9d _h n be5 attempt$1 & 7 entirely novel1 & 7 consid]$ extraord9>y2 !y mu/1 !re=e1 be view$ z ! pione] to ! f> great] op]ations ( ! k9d :i* h foll[$4 ,= n[ su* /ones are consid]$ m]e trifles1 & blocks ( almo/ any reasonable size c be qu>ri$1 poli%$1 & transport$ to _! de/9ation1 h[ev] di/ant1 at comp>atively mu* less co/ & ) great] facility4 ,! cutt+ & poli%+ ( granite at t "t 0 accompli%$ at great exp5se1 z x 0 done entirely by manual lab\r2 n[ x is p]=m$ by means ( ma*9]y at greatly r$uc$ co/1 & poli%$ granite ( e k9d is introduc$ into build+s1 :i* 0 =m]ly consid]$ impracticable2 & ?us ! ar*itect is provid$ ) additional means ( ornam5t+ 8 /ructures4 ,x is true t _m c5turies be=e ! ,egyptians _h %[n ! way2 b !n ! :ole p[] & res\rces ( ! nation _h be5 devot$ to ?is object1 & incr$ible sums ( money & great lab\r _h be5 exp5d$1 reg>dless ( ! mis]y & oppression ( ! p4 ,b 9 ,great ,brita9 x has be5 consid]$ a true maxim ( political economy1 t e article %\ld be produc$ at ! lea/ possible co/1 & no "w %\ld be und]tak5 unless x w\ld yield a fair pr(it = ! capital exp5d$2 & :5ev] !re is a reasonable prospect ( obta9+ ?is satisfactory result1 any am\nt ( capital :i* may be requir$ is always =?com+4 ,witness ! va/ sums :i* h be5 exp5d$ on railways alone1 besides /eam-vessels1 manufactures1 ma*9]y1 & o!r simil> und]tak+s4 ,:il/ at ,ab]de5 & ,pet]head1 my fa!r gave me an introduction to 8 old & intimate fri5d1 ! well-kn[n ,james ,f]guson1 ( ,pitf\r1 ! memb] = ! c\nty1 & ! intimate fri5d ( ,mr4 ,pitt4 ,mr4 ,f]guson possess$ a l>ge =tune2 he 0 an old ba*elor ( ! mo/ amiable & *>itable disposition1 belov$ by ev]ybody & univ]sally popul> ?r\gh\t ! c\nty4 ,z illu/rative ( ! mann]s ( ^? days1 ,i w simply m5tion t :5 ,i pres5t$ my fa!r's lett] ( introduction he receiv$ me mo/ k9dly1 & invit$ me to sp5d a few days "u 8 mo/ hospitable ro(1 :i* ,i accept$1 & on ! fir/ day !re 0 assembl$ a l>ge p>ty ( ! mo/ influ5tial g5tlem5 ( ! c\nty2 z 0 usual w9es ( all k9ds fl[$ 9 abundance1 & univ]sal hil>ity prevail$4 ,! consequ5ce 0 t n long aft] d9n] sev]al ( ! gue/s fell (f _! *airs & took _! nap "u ! table1 f :i* aft] a %ort "t !y recov]$ & resum$ _! seats1 & aga9 set to "w at _! potations1 :i* cont9u$ until long pa/ midnight2 by ?is "t ano!r consid]able bat* ( gue/s 7 "u ! table1 leav+ _! glasses full4 ,i 0 s mu* amus$ at ?is unaccu/om$ sc5e1 t1 by way ( frolic1 ,i took ! full glasses ( "s ( ! gue/s on ! floor & p\r$ !m d[n _! ?roats1 :i* _h no o!r effect ?an to make !m sleep s\nd]4 ,9 ?is mann] ! ev5+ pass$ m]rily away1 & x 0 late 9 ! morn+ be=e ! :ole ( ! company f\nd _! way to _! b$s4 ,! amiable ho/ all[$ ev]yone to d z he lik$1 & :5 he _h _h en\gh1 :i* 0 n v soon1 he retir$ to b$1 leav+ 8 gue/s to take c>e ( !mselves2 9 fact1 ,pitf\r 0 8,lib]ty ,hall10 & 0 op5 to all com]s1 ! only limit be+ ! am\nt ( sleep+ accommodation4 ,to give "s idea ( 8 hospitality1 ,mr4 ,f]guson seldom _h less ?an ?irty-six pipes ( f9e port w9e 9 8 cell>s1 besides cl>et1 burgundy1 %]ry1 *ampagne1 br&y1 & :isky1 9 proportion4 ,he 0 s fond ( ,mr4 ,pitt1 t x is believ$ t if ,mr4 ,pitt _h surviv$ him1 he int5d$ to h made him heir to 8 e/ates1 :i* 7 said to h be5 wor? above #bj1jjjl4 a ye>4 ,:5 att5d+ 8 duties 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 he lodg$ 9 ap>tm5ts 9 ,/4 ,james's ,/reet1 & aft] ! p>liam5t>y lab\rs ( ! week 7 ov]1 ,mr4 ,pitt1 ! late ,h>ry ,dundas1 ,fir/ ,"l ,melville1 & ,mr4 ,f]guson us$ to retire to a c\ntry h\se at ,wimbl$on1 & sp5d ! ,saturday1 ,sunday1 & ,monday 9 ! greate/ conviviality1 until x 0 "t to return to _! p>liam5t>y lab\rs4 ,mr4 ,f]guson r>ely1 if ev]1 spoke 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 b :5 he did1 x 0 always to ! purpose3 8 spee*es1 al?\gh exce$+ly %ort1 7 replete ) mu* common s5se1 accompani$ by a t]s5ess ( wit1 hum\r1 & droll]y1 :i* convuls$ 8 he>]s ) laught]1 s t he 0 a g5]al fav\rite4 ,he us$ always to say t he _h he>d 8mony a gude spee*1 b t he nev] *ang$ 8 vote1 he aye vot$ ) ,mr4 ,pitt40 ,hav+ %[n ! good p ( ,pet]head h[ to get & %ip ! l>ge blocks ( r$ granite = ! ,s\?w>k ,bridge1 & feel+ t !re w\ld be no fur!r difficulty ab\t ! matt]1 ,i return$ to ,london1 aft] an abs5ce ( two weeks1 & resum$ my duties at ! ,s\?w>k ,bridge4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahad my fa!r1 be+ desir\s t ,i %\ld be initiat$ into ! practice ( m>9e & trigonometrical survey+ ^u a l>ge scale1 s5t me1 "u ! direction ( ! late ,mr4 ,francis ,giles1 :o _h !n be5 appo9t$ by ,mr4 ,r5nie to make an ext5sive survey ( ! diff]5t places :]e x 0 practicable to con/ruct prop] artificial h>b\rs on ! s\?-we/ coa/ ( ,scotl&1 su* z ,port ,nessock1 ,ardwell1 & ,port ,patrick bays1 on ! ,scot* side ( ! *annel1 & ,ballantrae1 ,donaghadee1 ,ballyhone1 & ,bangor bays1 on ! opposite coa/ ( ! ,iri% ,*annel1 9 ord] to decide :i* 7 ! be/ places on ei!r side ( ! *annel to make p]man5t good artificial h>b\rs = packets1 = ! purpose ( e/abli%+ ! be/ & mo/ direct communication betwe5 ! s\?-we/ coa/ ( ,scotl& & ! opposite coa/ ( ,irel&4 ,9 addition to mak+ ! surveys ( ! diff]5t ports above m5tion$1 x 0 absolutely necess>y to make a correct *>t ( ! *annel )9 ! above limits1 compreh5d+ a coa/-l9e ( ab\t #cj miles on ea* side1 includ+ ! ,copel& ,isl&s4 ,x 0 also necess>y to det]m9e ! exact di/ances betwe5 ! diff]5t ports1 toge!r ) ! s\nd+s1 curr5ts1 rises ( tide1 prevail+ w9ds1 & all ! o!r att5dant hydraulic ph5om5a4 ,?is 0 a v ext5sive survey1 & requir$ great skill1 judgm5t1 & exp]i5ce1 & ,mr4 ,giles 0 fully compet5t to und]take x4 ,z ! %ore1 p>ticul>ly on ! ,scot* side ( ! *annel1 0 v precipit\s1 rugg$1 & m\nta9\s1 x 0 impossible to measure ) any?+ l accuracy a base l9e f :i* a s]ies ( triangul> obs]vations c\ld be made s z to connect ! two coa/s toge!r2 ,mr4 ,griles 0 !re=e oblig$ to resort to ! ,bay ( ,luce1 situat$ ab\t #aj miles to ! ea/ ( ,port ,patrick2 x _h ?is disadvantage1 h[ev]1 t 9 consequ5ce ( ! int]v5+ m\nta9s nei!r ! ,scot* nor ,iri% coa/ c\ld be se54 ,b !re 0 no alt]native1 = no o!r conv5i5t place c\ld be f\nd to measure a base l9e4 ,! head ( ! ,bay ( ,luce1 h[ev]1 at l[ wat] consi/s ( an ext5sive di/rict ( flat s& #f miles long1 admirably adapt$ = ! purpose ( measur+ a correct base l9e4 ,?is plan 0 accord+ly adopt$1 & a base 0 measur$ #f miles 9 l5g?1 fir/ by ! common *a91 !n by ano!r *a9 consi/+ ( /eel l9ks ea* #e feet long1 & la/ly by well-season$ deal rods ea* #aj feet long2 ^! measurem5ts 7 repeat$ ) great accuracy sev]al times1 & a mean 0 !n /ruck by :i* ! v>iation 0 r$uc$ to a fraction ( an in*4 ,x %\ld also be obs]v$ t ! measurem5ts 7 tak5 :5 ! atmosph]e 0 ab\t ! same temp]ature1 s t ! f9al measurem5t 0 r$uc$ to z ne> accuracy z practicable4 ,hav+ e/abli%$ ! base1 /rong v]tical /affs ) flags at _! summits 7 !n accurately fix$ ^u ! summits ( ! neighb\r+ m\nta9s :i* ov]look$ ! ,iri% ,*annel1 & f :i* on a cle> day ! opposite coa/ ( ,irel& c\ld be di/9ctly se54 ,f ea* end ( ! base ! above-m5tion$ angles 7 tak5 ) "o ( ,tr\ghton's be/ #g-;in* !odolites1 betwe5 ! diff]5t m\nta9 /ations1 & ! di/ance betwe5 ! extreme po9ts ( ^! /ations 0 accurately calculat$1 s t x gave a base l9e ( ab\t #cj miles along ! ,scot* coa/1 f :5ce correct sights 7 tak5 on flag/affs fix$ on ! high l& above ,bangor1 ,donaghadee1 & ,ballantrae1 includ+ ! ,copel& ,isl&s on ! opposite coa/ ( ,irel&4 ,^! obs]vations be+ tak5 on diff]5t levels1 7 subsequ5tly r$uc$ to ! same plane1 s t ! exact di/ance 0 obta9$ betwe5 ! diff]5t /ations on ea* side ( ! *annel1 & a correct *>t 0 made4 ,9 addition to ! g5]al survey1 detail$ hydraulic *>ts 7 made ( ! places on ea* coa/ :i* 7 be/ adapt$ = mak+ h>b\rs ( ! size requir$1 viz4 ,port ,nessock1 ,ardwell1 & ,port ,patrick1 on ! ,scot* side1 & ,bangor1 ,ballyhone1 ,donaghadee1 & ,ballantrae1 on ! ,iri% side ( ! *annel2 & z !re 0 a great v>iety ( int]e/s conc]n$1 ea* proprietor be+ desir\s ( hav+ ! p]man5t ports e/abli%$ on 8 own prop]ty1 x 0 f9ally decid$ by ! ,gov]nm5t1 at ! recomm5dation ( my fa!r1 t ! :ole ( ! surveys %\ld be submitt$ to ! arbitration ( ! ,tr9ity ,bo>d1 to select "o port on ea* side ( ! *annel :i* 0 be/ adapt$ = e/abli%+ a communication by packets betwe5 ! two c\ntries = lett]s & pass5g]s 9 ! mo/ exp$iti\s1 conv5i5t1 & effective mann]4 ,! ,tr9ity ,bo>d1 aft] hav+ giv5 ! subject _! mo/ mature consid]ation1 ultimately decid$ on ,port ,patrick on ! ,scot*1 & ,donaghadee on ! ,iri% side4 ,?is decision 0 approv$ ( by ! ,gov]nm5t1 & ,mr4 ,r5nie 0 desir$ by !m to prep>e designs = h>b\rs 9 bo? ( ! above places2 he did s1 & ! ,gov]nm5t ord]$ !m to be c>ri$ into effect "u 8 direction3 = a m p>ticul> description ! read] is ref]r$ to my "w on ,briti% & ,=eign ,h>b\rs4 ,dur+ ! progress ( ^! surveys ,i le>n$ a great deal 9 ?is important dep>tm5t ( civil eng9e]+1 & p]sonally survey$ ! bay ( ,port ,nessock & ! ,copel& ,isl&s1 :i* gave me an excell5t lesson1 z1 on acc\nt ( ! rugg$ nature ( ! coa/s1 !y 7 att5d$ ) consid]able difficulties4 ,z already obs]v$1 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 #ahae1 ,i 0 plac$ "u ,mr4 ,giles' direction dur+ ! :ole p]iod ( ! survey ( ! riv] ,tyne1 :i* _h be5 entru/$ to him by my fa!r also4 ,9 ! same ye> ,i 0 "u ,mr4 ,giles dur+ ! surveys = ! ,b>n>d ,ca/le1 & ,/ockton & ,d>l+ton railways & canal2 & ,i subsequ5tly made a hydraulic survey ( ! port ( ,bly! = my fa!r1 & = :i* he aft]w>ds made a design = its improvem5t4 ,i _h be5 previ\sly employ$ "u ,mr4 ,giles 9 ! surveys = ! ea/]n ext5sion ( ! ,k5net & ,avon ,canal4 ,dur+ a "p ( ?is "t our head qu>t]s 7 at ,w9dsor2 & "o ,sunday aft]noon ,i recollect v well att5d+ ! prom5ade on ! t]race at ,w9dsor ,ca/le :5 ,8 ,maje/y ,k+ ,george ! ,?ird1 accompani$ by ! ,que5 & ,royal ,family1 made _! appe>ance ) _! att5dants & jo9$ ! prom5ade1 & 7 receiv$ 9 ! mo/ loyal & affectionate yet respectful mann]4 ,i also ab\t ! same "t assi/$ ,mr4 ,giles 9 ! survey ( ! ,?ames 9 ! vic9ity ( ,woolwi* ,docky>d1 ! accumulation ( ! mud 9 front ( :i* 0 s great at t "t t x ?reat5$ to r5d] t docky>d useless4 ,! evil to a c]ta9 ext5t has s9ce be5 rem$i$ by remov+ a numb] ( ! projections :i* int]f]$ ) ! curr5ts ( ! ebb & flood tide1 accord+ to ! plan laid d[n by ! late ,mr4 ,r5nie1 al?\gh1 z he cle>ly po9t$ out1 x w\ld be impossible to improve ! riv] to su* an ext5t 9 front ( ,woolwi* & ,dept=d docky>ds z to r5d] !m fit = ! con/ruction & accommodation ( l>ge vessels ( w>2 & !re=e he recomm5d$ t !y %\ld be ab&on$ & sold1 & t a prop] e/abli%m5t %\ld be made at ,nor?fleet capable ( accommodat+ at all times ( tide any numb] ( ! l>ge/ vessels ( w> at t "t 9 ! navy1 or t might be built h]eaft]4 ,?is docky>d 0 int5d$ to be s arrang$ t all classes ( vessels ( w> c\ld be built !re2 & x w\ld conta9 e/abli%m5ts = manufactur+ cordage1 sails1 an*ors1 guns1 smi? "w ( e k9d1 toge!r ) depts ( provisions1 & /ores ( all sorts1 all ( :i* 7 to be arrang$ 9 su* a mann] t ea* op]ation ( build+1 repair+1 /or+1 & fitt+ out = sea %\ld be complet$ 9 ! ord] requir$2 s t a vessel1 aft] hav+ be5 built1 might be transf]r$ at once into a dry dock to be copp]$1 !n take 9 h] ma/s1 balla/1 rigg+1 sails1 /ores1 provisions1 guns1 boats1 & seam51 & sail at once complete to h] /ation f ! c5tre dock-gates2 9 ! same mann]1 :5 return+ f h] /ation1 %e might be repair$ & fitt$ out aga9 ready = sea4 ,! sav+ effect$ by su* an e/abli%m5t w\ld h be5 imm5se1 & ! s]vice w\ld h be5 p]=m$ 9 a f> m exp$iti\s & effective mann]4 ,mr4 ,pitt 0 !n ,prime ,m9i/]1 & 8 ma/] m9d at once ackn[l$g$ ! advantages ( su* an e/abli%m5t2 x 0 accord+ly approv$ ( by ! ,gov]nm5t1 ! l& 0 b\ght1 & x 0 ord]$ to be c>ri$ into effect1 b ! un=tunate dea? ( t great m9i/] & ! *ange ( ,gov]nm5t effectually put a /op to all fur!r proce$+s 9 ?is direction4 ,s9ce t "t ! old docky>ds ( ,woolwi* & ,dept=d1 ,%e]ness & ,*a?am1 h be5 improv$ & enl>g$1 at an exp5diture z great z w\ld h complet$ ,mr4 ,r5nie's e/abli%m5t at ,nor?fleet1 )\t half ! effici5cy or accommodation4 ,! old useless docky>ds ( ,woolwi* & ,dept=d1 :i* ! late ,"l ,melville1 :5 ,fir/ ,"l ( ! ,admiralty1 condemn$ & ord]$ to be sold1 h be5 reta9$1 & ! increase ( unnecess>y exp5se has be5 enorm\s1 :il/ ! evils compla9$ ( h n be5 rem$i$ till q lately4 ,hav+ by ?is "t a consid]able k ( survey+1 practical & !oretical1 9 all its dep>tm5ts ei!r on l& or wat]1 s t ,i c\ld und]take ei!r1 my fa!r deem$ t ,i _h le>n$ suffici5t1 & direct$ me to return to my practical duties 9 ! con/ruction ( ! ,s\?w>k ,bridge4 ,z ?is 0 consid]$ a "w ( great importance & difficulty ,i felt highly hon\r$ by my fa!r's confid5ce1 & devot$ my en]gies to x ) ! greate/ anxiety & ) a det]m9ation to d ev]y?+ 9 my p[] to make x successful4 ,! difficulty ( obta9+ ! l>ge blocks ( granite & o!r /one _h be5 successfully ov]come1 & !y arriv$ ) great punctuality1 & ! masonry ( ! abutm5ts & pi]s 0 successfully c>ri$ into effect z previ\sly describ$4 ,!n came ! important "q ( erect+ ! ca/-iron ar*es2 ea* ar* consi/$ ( eight ma9 ribs1 & ea* rib consi/$ ( ?irte5 pieces1 ! l[] or ma9 "p ( :i* =m$ ! *ord or ar* ^u :i* ! :ole ( ! sup]/ructure 0 to be support$4 ,^! ?irte5 pieces 7 solid1 #b in*es ?ick 9 ! mass & #c in*es ?ick at ! bottom1 & #b ?ick at ! top1 & =m$ s _m radiat+ blocks1 l ar*-/ones4 ,at ! end ( e block !re 0 a transv]se frame ext5d+ f "o side to ! o!r ?r\gh ! :ole wid? ( ! bridge2 aga9/ ea* side ( ^! frames ! ma9 ribs abutt$ & 7 nicely fitt$ to !m1 & 9 ord] to prev5t !m f mov+ lat]ally !re 7 project+ dovetail$ *eeks ca/ on ! frame1 & betwe5 ^! *eeks & ! ends ( ! ma9 ribs solid ca/-iron w$ges ! :ole dep? ( ! ma9 rib 7 fitt$1 !n drawn home aga9/ ! ends ( ! rib2 by ?is means ! ribs 7 kept firmly )9 _! places1 & z an additional precaution /rong diagonal braces1 hav+ a /rong fea!r+ rib on ea* side1 7 ins]t$ diagonally betwe5 ! ribs f "o end ( ! ar* to ! o!r1 & secur$ to ! ribs by project+ dovetail$ *eeks on !m1 & w$ges & bolts1 s t ^! ca/-iron ar*es 7 con/ruct$ 9 ! same mann] z a /one ar*1 be+ almo/ z x 7 a solid mass dep5d+ ^u ! equilibrium ( ! diff]5t pieces = its /ability4 ,! dep? ( ! ma9 rib ( ! c5tre ar* at ! cr[n is #f feet & #h feet at ! pi]s1 :il/ ! dep? ( ! ribs ( ! side ar*es at ! cr[n is #f feet & #h feet at ! abutm5ts4 ,z ^! ribs ) _! att5dant transv]se frames & diagonal braces =m$ ! ma9 "p ( ! ar*es ^u :i* ! :ole ( ! sup]/ructure dep5d$1 x 0 necess>y t !y %\ld be extremely well put toge!r & prop]ly unit$ to ! pi]s & abutm5ts4 ,contr>y to ! usual mode ( con/ruct+ /one ar*es1 !y 7 comm5c$ at ! c5tre in/ead ( ! sides1 a /rong wood5 c5tr+ support$ ^u ti]s ( piles hav+ be5 previ\sly con/ruct$ betwe5 ! pi]s & abutm5ts to support !m :il/ be+ put 9 _! places4 ,ea* piece ( ea* rib 0 c>efully plac$ ^u ! c5tre1 re/+ ^u nicely-adju/$ /rong wood5 d\ble w$ges1 & connect$ toge!r z !y proce$$ by ! transv]se frames & diagonal braces be=e m5tion$4 ,by ?is means ! :ole ( ! ar*es 7 con/ruct$ at ! same "t f ! c5tre to ! skewbacks or be>+ p>ts ( ! pi]s & abutm5ts2 b 9 ord] to connect !m prop]ly ) !m x 0 necess>y to devise a p>ticul> arrangem5t4 ,= ?is purpose a transv]se frame1 simil> to ^? already describ$ = connect+ ! rib pieces toge!r1 0 accurately imb$d$ & fitt$ to ! skewbacks or be>+ places on pi]s & abutm5ts1 re/+ on a b$ ( %eet lead1 & ! jo9ts 7 fill$ 9 ) melt$ lead also2 ?is =m$ a solid & to a c]ta9 ext5t ela/ic be>+1 ^u :i* ! ma9 ribs 7 ultimately to re/4 ,at ! ends ( ! ar*$ rib-plates next to ! pi]s & abutm5ts !re 0 ano!r transv]se frame plate ( ! same k9d z ^? previ\sly describ$1 & fix$ !re 9 a simil> mann]2 ?is br\ght ! ends ( ! ar*es )9 #f in*es ( ! abutt+ or be>+ plates fix$ 9 ! skewbacks or spr++ places ( ! pi]s & abutm5ts4 ,betwe5 ! frame plates fitt$ on ! skewbacks or masonry ( ! pi]s & abutm5ts1 & ^? fitt$ on ! ends ( ! rib plates ( ea* ar*1 solid ca/-iron w$ges1 #i feet long & #f in*es ?ick at ! back1 & #b in*es ?ick at ! bottom1 #i in*es wide1 ?ree be+ beh9d ea* rib1 7 accurately fitt$ by *ipp+ & fil+1 s t x w\ld slide d[n to )9 #ab in*es ( ! bottom2 :5 ^! w$ges 7 all accurately adju/$ at ! same temp]ature to ! same dep?1 !y 7 simultane\sly driv5 home by wood5 rams to _! full dep?1 s z to rea* ab\t an in* bel[ ! bottom ( ea* rib2 by ?is means ! :ole ( ! ?ree ar*es 7 gradually br\ght to _! be>+ )\t be+ rais$ :olly f _! c5tres4 ,matt]s 7 !n all[$ to rema9 9 ?is /ate = a few days 9 ord] to give "t = e "p to come to its be>+ & to asc]ta9 :e!r !re 0 any defect 9 any "p4 ,aft] ! m9ute/ se>* 9 e "p no defect c\ld be discov]$2 ! w$ges betwe5 ! c5tres & ! "u sides ( ! ribs 7 !n gradually slack5$ until ! :ole ( ! ar*es came to _! full be>+1 & 7 remov$ entirely1 leav+ ! ar*es p]fectly free ( support4 ,dur+ ! :ole ( ^! op]ations1 f fir/ to la/1 :i* occupi$ ab\t a week1 n ! slighte/ accid5t or fracture occurr$2 ! total subsid5ce ( ! ma9 ar* b>ely exce$$ #b in*es1 :il/ ! subsid5ce ( ! two side ar*es b>ely exce$$ #b in*es1 :i* _h be5 all[$ = 9 ! con/ruction4 ,9 ord] to asc]ta9 ! effects ( expansion & contraction ( ! ar*es by ! v>iation ( ! temp]ature ( ! atmosph]e1 ,i con/ruct$ /eel1 brass1 & wood5 gauges1 accurately divid$ into decimal p>ts ( an in*1 & erect$ !m ^u diff]5t p>ts ( ! c5tres1 :]e ! effects 7 mo/ likely to be app>5t1 & ,i kept ! regi/] = sev]al weeks1 dur+ ! height ( summ]1 autumn1 w9t]1 & spr+4 ,i f\nd t ! v>iation 9 ! rise & fall ( ! cr[n ( ! ar*es1 ! abutm5ts be+ fix$1 0 #a_/aj? ( an in* = e #aj ( temp]ature1 s t1 tak+ ! extremes ( temp]ature at ,london to be #aj bel[ freez+ po9t ( ,fahr5heit 9 w9t]1 & #hj 9 summ]2 ! utmo/ rise & fall ( ! ar*es may be tak5 at #g_/aj?s1 or at mo/ "o in*2 b z any v>iation 9 ! temp]ature1 unless cont9u$ = "s "t1 has no s5sible effect ^u su* a l>ge mass ( iron1 s1 9 our v>iable climate1 ! rise & fall ( ! cr[ns ( ! ar*es may be tak5 ^u ! av]age some:at bel[ ! am\nt above giv54 ,aft] ! ar*es _h be5 br\ght to _! be>+ & _h be5 reliev$ f ! c5tres1 ! sup]/ructural framework 0 c>ri$ up & firmly connect$ & bracket$ toge!r by diagonal ties & w$ges2 9 do+ ?is ! ends ( ! sup]/ructural frames 7 too tightly w$g$ to ! masonry ( ! pi]s1 )\t my k1 s t !y w\ld n all[ ! ma9 ribs ( ! ar*es to play freely1 & "s ( ! masonry c\rses above ! ma9 ribs 7 slightly spl9t]$ & d]ang$2 ! w$ges 7 !n slack5$1 & "s ( !m remov$ entirely1 & ?us ! evil 0 imm$iately rem$i$2 ! :ole /ructure has ev] s9ce rema9$ 9 a p]fect /ate4 ,! bridges & approa*es 7 f9ally complet$ & op5$ to ! public traffic 9 ,m>*1 #ahai1 ! c]emony be+ p]=m$ by ,sir ,john ,jackson1 ! *airman1 ! directors1 & a few fri5ds4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,augu/1 #ahah1 hav+ work$ v h>d1 ,i may say almo/ night & day1 = "s "t1 ,i 0 ne>ly worn out1 & 0 p]mitt$ to h a %ort holiday4 ,i !re=e det]m9$ to g to ,belgium & visit ! celebrat$ field ( ,wat]loo1 :i* clos$ ! long & ev5tful revolution>y w>1 & attract$ ! admiration & int]e/ ( ! :ole civiliz$ _w4 ,i accord+ly />t$ = ,dov]1 9 company ) my old fri5d1 ! late ,mr4 ,joseph ,gwilt1 ar*itect1 & cross$ ov] to ,calais4 ,on l&+ we repair$ to ,dess9's hotel1 at t "t "o ( ! be/ 9 ,europe1 & r5d]$ fam\s by ,/]ne1 ^: rooms are /ill %[n z "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ curiosities 7to ,engli%m5 at lea/7 ( ! place4 ,"h we pass$ ! rema9d] ( ! day v agreeably4 ,ev]y?+ 0 new to u--! p1 _! language1 _! mann]s1 _! mode ( liv+4 ,we _h be5 s long consid]+ ! ,fr5* z our deadly foes t we c\ld h>dly believe ourselves to be at peace ) !m1 & to be actually 9 ,france & s civilly treat$ by !m4 ,!n ! liv+ 0 s good & *eap1 comp>$ to t ( ,engl&2 *ampagne1 :i* ) u 0 consid]$ ! greate/ luxury1 & only )9 rea* ( ! highe/ & mo/ weal?y1 0 "h obta9able = f\r francs a bottle1 :il/ 9 ,engl& x 0 tw5ty-f\r1 & almo/ ev]y?+ 9 ! same proportion4 ,9 ! t[n ( ,calais !re is no?+ to see4 ,! h>b\r is b indiff]5t1 & almo/ dry at l[ wat]1 & is *iefly ma9ta9$ op5 by sluic+ & dr$g+4 ,on su* a flat1 s&y %ore1 ) ! prevail+ w9ds & curr5ts always driv+ on & accumulat+ ! s&s1 x is v difficult to make & ma9ta9 a good h>b\r2 /ill ,i ?9k t a great deal m might be effect$ by pursu+ a diff]5t c\rse1 & hav+ a prop] sy/em ( op5 pi]s & breakwat]s on ! outside4 ,aft] breakfa/ on ! foll[+ day we />t$ 9 a travell+ cal*e1 ) two horses1 = ,/4 ,om]1 ab\t #bf miles di/ant4 ,on our way we /opp$ to exam9e ! celebrat$ quadrangul> bridge1 call$ ! ,pont ,sans ,p>eille1 across ! junction ( ! two canals ( ,pic>dy4 ,?is is c]ta9ly a m]itori\s1 well-execut$ "w1 b ! idea is by no means new1 z ! ,go?ic triangul> bridge ( ,cr[l&1 9 ,l9coln%ire1 across ! junction ( ! ,well&1 0 execut$ _m c5turies previ\s to ! ,pont ,sans ,p>eille1 & is /ill extant 9 a p]fect /ate4 ,ne> ?is bridge is ! celebrat$ maid5 =tress ( ,ardres1 :i* is said to h nev] be5 tak54 ,"h also1 accord+ to ,froiss>t1 0 ! ,*amps d',or1 or ,field ( ! ,clo? ( ,gold4 ,ardres is a poor1 mis]able little =tress1 surr\nd$ ) e>?works & dit*1 on a flat pla94 ,9 anci5t times x might h be5 =midable1 ) _! means ( attack1 b n[ x w\ld be utt]ly def5celess4 ,f ,ardres we pass$ ?r\gh ,/4 ,om] & ,lille1 & aft] visit+ ,t\rnay & ,gh5t we proce$$ to ! capital ( ,belgium1 :]e we took up our qu>t]s at ! ,htel de ,fl&re1 9 ! highe/ & be/ "p ( ! city4 ,we 7 p>ticul>ly /ruck ) ! magnific5t ,htel de ,ville & its l(ty spire2 also ! rem>kable place or squ>e 9 front ( x1 :i*1 look+ to its picturesque m$ival build+s & ! rem>kable hi/orical ev5ts :i* h tak5 place !re1 r5d]s x "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ 9 ,europe4 ,! f9e old ,go?ic ca!dral ( ,/4 ,gudule1 ! museum1 f9e canals1 c41 p>ticul>ly attract$ our att5tion4 ,on ! next morn+ we />t$ = ! sc5e ( ! celebrat$ battle ( ,wat]loo1 :i* _h occurr$ ab\t two mon?s previ\sly4 ,9 ?is place1 l e ,engli%man1 ,i took ! greate/ possible int]e/1 & pictur$ to myself ! :ole ( t t]rific & /irr+ sc5e z be+ enact$ be=e me4 ,not)/&+ ! lapse ( "t s9ce :i* t battle _h tak5 place consid]able traces ( x 7 /ill visible1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! blood-/a9$ walls & ru9$1 desolate1 & half-consum$ build+s ( ! keys ( ! position1 ,h\gumont & ,la ,haye ,sa9te1 & ! remnants ( %akos1 arms1 & milit>y clo?+ :i* /rew$ ! field on all sides1 & ! fre%-made graves1 :]e _m ?\s& gallant fell[s lay entomb$4 ,! :ole field & neighb\r+ villages 7 cr[d$ ) guides to expla9 ! diff]5t p>ticul>s ( t memorable /ruggle1 & to sell ! num]\s articles :i* !y _h rak$ up f ! field ( battle2 we b\ght "s ( ^! z mem5tos1 & w&]$ = h\rs ov] e "p ( ?is field ( desolation1 until we fanci$ t we _h ma/]$ e detail ( ! conflict1 & 7 almo/ fit to take ! comm& ( an army ourselves4 ,we !n return$ to ,brussels1 highly gratifi$ & in/ruct$ by ! excursion4 ,we left ,brussels mu* pleas$ ) t pretty little indu/ri\s capital1 & proce$$ to ,mal9es1 :]e ! f9e old ca!dral & t[n rew>d$ u well dur+ our %ort visit4 ,f !nce we j\rney$ on to ,antw]p1 :]e we /opp$ at ! ,gr& ,lab\r]1 a celebrat$ old-fa%ion$ hotel4 ,?is fam\s old city1 ! great emporium ( ! ,belgian trade1 int]e/$ me mu*1 ) its magnific5t ca!dral & o!r *ur*es1 its f9e old ,htel de ,ville1 & spaci\s quays & docks2 ! ,s*eldt is "h a f9e riv]4 ,!re 0 a good museum ( ,dut* & ,flemi% pictures1 b ! *ef-d'uvres ( ,rub5s & ,v&yke _h n yet return$ f ,p>is4 ,i 0 mu* /ruck ) ! ext5t & /r5g? ( ! =tifications2 also ) ! co/ume ( ! natives1 p>ticul>ly t ( ! wom51 :i* /ill resembl$ a good deal t ( _! =m] ma/]s1 ! ,spani>ds4 ,at ! "t ( our visit ev]y?+ 0 9 a depress$ /ate4 ,its trade _h n yet recov]$ f ! effects ( ! great w>1 & its !n sil5t /reets contra/$ greatly ) _! =m] activity4 ,! ,roman ,ca?olic religi\s c]emonies 7 conduct$ ) great magnific5ce1 & /ruck u simple ,prote/ants1 :o _h nev] witness$ any?+ ( ! k9d be=e1 ) consid]able a/oni%m5t4 ,we left ,antw]p = ,gh5t1 & took our dep>ture = ,bruges 9 "o ( ! tracks*uyts or b>ges1 by means ( :i* ! great bulk ( ! goods & pass5g] traffic ( ! k+dom 0 c>ri$ on4 ,^! canals are magnific5t specim5s ( ! k9d1 &1 be+ ^u a mu* great] scale ?an our own1 p>ticul>ly /ruck me ) admiration4 ,! canal 0 b\nd$ on ea* side ) spaci\s banks1 & 0 ( great wid?1 ) a t[+ pa? & c>riage way = g5]al traffic4 ,^! banks 7 b\nd$ by r[s ( trees1 :i* s]ve = %ade2 at ! same "t _! clipp+s & timb] yield a consid]able am\nt ( pr(it4 ,we rea*$ ,bruges ab\t noon1 & _h j "t to exam9e ! f9e ca!dral & t[nhall1 z well z ! int]e/+ t[n1 its qua9t old build+s1 quays1 m]cantile w>eh\ses1 all 9 ! ar*itecture ( ! ,middle ,ages1 dur+ :i* ,bruges atta9$ its greate/ prosp]ity4 ,we left ?is int]e/+ t[n 9 ! aft]noon by ano!r tracks*uyt = ,o/5d1 ab\t #ab miles di/ant1 by a canal ( ! same dim5sions z ! "o above describ$4 ,mo/ ( ^! canals be+ connect$ ) ea* o!r1 ,brussels1 ,gh5t1 ,mal9es1 ,l\va91 & ! o!r l>ge t[ns1 possess$ a complete network ( wat] communication ) ! ports ( ,antw]p & ,o/5d1 & trade is c>ri$ on ) ! greate/ facility4 ,we rea*$ ,o/5d 9 ! ev5+1 & le>n$ t a packet 0 ab\t to sail = ,m>gate1 ( :i* we det]m9$ to avail ourselves4 ,we _h1 h[ev]1 suffici5t "t to exam9e ?is indiff]5t port1 ! second 9 ! k+dom1 :i*1 9 addition to a badly-contriv$ entrance by two guide pi]s1 has two small docks4 ,x is a m]e tidal h>b\r1 ) an awkw>d b> at ! entrance1 & num]\s %oals on ! outside4 ,! t[n possesses no?+ rem>kable2 x 0 !n g>rison$ by ,engli% troops1 & !re 0 con/ant communication ) ,engl&4 ,f ?is p]iod ,i devot$ my "t almo/ exclusively to ! ,wat]loo & ,s\?w>k bridges1 b p>ticul>ly to ! latt]1 :i* 0 almo/ entirely "u my direction1 subject to ! ord]s ( my fa!r4 ,besides ! above works1 ,i 0 a good deal employ$ 9 ! draw+ (fice 9 mak+ draw+s & e/imates & calculations = a v>iety ( new works ^u :i* my fa!r 0 engag$4 ,i also occasionally visit$ ! roll+ & o!r ma*9]y ( ! ,royal ,m9t on ,t[] ,hill1 :i* my fa!r at t "t 0 con/ruct+ = ! ,gov]nm5t1 & dur+ ! ev5+s ,i 0 employ$ 9 le>n+ ma!matics "u ,dr4 ,bradley & ,dr4 ,firm+]1 & ! ,italian1 ,fr5*1 & ,g]man languages1 s t my "t f morn+ to ev5+ 0 fully employ$4 ,i mu/ n omit to say t at ?is "t ,i att5d$ ! lectures ( ! celebrat$ ,sir ,humphry ,davy1 ! ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry at ! ,royal ,in/itution1 :o at t day a/oni%$ ! _w by 8 wond]ful discov]ies4 ,! fir/1 second1 & ?ird ar*es ( ! ,wat]loo ,bridge be+ complet$1 ,mr4 ,r5nie det]m9$ to slack5 ! c5tres ( ! fir/ ar*1 :i* 0 on ! ,surrey %ore1 :]e ! bridge comm5c$4 ,?is 0 :5 ! ar*es 7 entirely reliev$ f ! c5tres1 & ! total subsid+ ( ?is ar* 0 #b in*es1 :i* is ne>ly half an in* less ?an _h be5 all[$2 ! c5tres 7 !n remov$ f ! fir/ ar* to ! f\r? ar*1 only ?ree c5tres be+ employ$4 ,ea* c5tre consi/$ ( eight ribs1 ^u ! truss pr9ciple1 re/+ ^u a comp\nd sy/em ( w$ges1 support$ ^u /ruts plac$ ^u ! (fsets ( ! pi]s & abutm5ts2 all ! ribs 7 well connect$ toge!r by transv]se & diagonal ties1 z well z ! plank+ ^u :i* ! ar*-/ones re/$4 ,! tre/les or be>]s ( ! c5tre ribs1 toge!r ) ! w$ges1 hav+ be5 fir/ fix$ 9 _! places ^u ! (fsets ( ! pi] & abutm5t :]e ! c5tre 0 to be fix$1 f\r ribs ( ! c5tre 7 transf]r$1 & fix$ ^u !m 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,! ribs ( ! c5tre hav+ be5 con/ruct$ ^u a plat=m ^u ! %ore ne> ! bridge1 a l>ge b>ge or float+ /age1 capable ( c>ry+ f\r complete ribs1 :i* weigh$ #dj tons ea*1 0 built to receive !m4 ,?is float+ /age 0 extremely /rong1 & transv]sely across ! c5tre ( x !re 7 f\r /rong /ages at ! same di/ance f ea* o!r z ! ribs ( ! c5tre 7 int5d$ to be :5 fix$ 9 _! position1 to support ! ar*es :il/ build+4 ,^! /ages 7 support$ by d\ble transv]se beams1 re/+ ^u p[]ful screws #ae in*es diamet]1 9 boxes re/+ ^u ! bottom ( ! vessel4 ,above ea* ( ^! /ages1 yet securely atta*$ to !m1 0 a framework1 to :i* ! ribs ( ! c5tres 7 la%$ :il/ be+ transport$ to _! places4 ,:5 ! c5tre ribs 7 f9i%$ & all 0 ready1 ! float+ /age1 at high wat]1 0 br\ght alongside ! plat=m1 ^u :i* ! ribs ( ! c5tre _h be5 con/ruct$1 & 7 ly+ ready to be transf]r$ to _! places4 ,ea* rib 0 !n rais$ by means ( p[]ful %e]-poles1 to :i* 7 d\ble-pur*ase crabs1 treble blocks1 ) all ! necess>y ropes1 *a9s1 & o!r tackle1 by :i* means ea* rib ( ! c5tre 0 readily rais$ f ! plat=m :]e x 0 built & transf]r$ to its prop] /age 9 ! float+ b>ge1 & !re secur$ 9 an upright position1 :5 ! ribs _h be5 fix$ 9 _! places4 ,! b>ge 0 !n float$ into ! op5+ :]e ! ar* 0 to be con/ruct$1 :i* 0 g5]ally done ab\t half an h\r be=e high wat]1 s z to all[ ample "t to adju/ & fix ! ribs ov] ! correspond+ pair ( w$ges & tre/les ^u :i* x 0 ultimately to re/1 :i* 0 done z ! tide fell1 & adju/$ to ! greate/ nicety by ! screws be=e m5tion$2 :5 ! rib _h be5 fix$ 9 its place1 ! b>ge return$ to br+ ano!r1 :i* 0 s]v$ 9 ! same mann] z ! fir/1 & ?us ! fix+ ( "o c5tre occupi$ only six days4 ,?is sy/em answ]$ mo/ effectually1 & 0 subsequ5tly adopt$ by ,mr4 ,rob]t ,/eph5son = fix+ ! great tubes = ! ,m5ai & ,conway bridges4 ,! ,wat]loo ,bridge1 z well kn[n1 consi/s ( n9e equal semi-elliptical ar*es1 #abj feet span ea*1 ) a rise ( #cd feet #f in*es1 ! key/ones at ! cr[n be+ #d feet #f in*es deep & #aj feet at ! spr+1 & #ah in*es ?ick at ! s(fit2 inv]t$ ar*es on ea* pi] betwe5 ! ma9 ar*es #d feet #f in*es deep4 ,! pi]s 7 #bj feet wide1 ea* hav+ project+ buttresses1 support$ by two ?ree-qu>t] ,doric column> pila/]s1 ov] ea* pi]1 ! :ole be+ surm\nt$ by a ,doric block cornice & balu/rade p>apet1 level f end to end1 ! same z ! roadway4 ,! roadway above ! pi]s 0 support$ by six brick walls1 #b ft4 #c 94 ?ick1 cov]$ ) corbel /ones4 ,! %ores be+ l[ on bo? sides ( ! riv]1 ! approa*es are con/ruct$ s z to =m an incl9$ plane ris+ #a 9 #cj on ! ,surrey side1 & ne>ly level on ! nor?1 or ,middlesex side1 ) ! ,/r&1 ^u a s]ies ( brick ar*es #af feet wide ea*4 ,^! ar*es s]ve = /oreh\ses4 ,! roadway 0 =m$ by a lay] ( well-puddl$ clay #ae in*es ?ick1 !n a lay] ( lime & ( f9e gravel #c in*es ?ick1 !n a lay] ( equally brok5 granite1 9 pieces #b in*es 9 diamet]1 #a foot ?ick4 ,?r\gh ! c5tre ( ! masonry ( ea* pi] a hole #ah in*es 9 diamet] 0 cut1 ent]+ ! riv] on "o side ( ! pi] at l[ wat]1 & f ! top ( ?is hole inside ! pi] ca/-iron bran* pipes ( ! same diamet] 7 c>ri$ to side dra9s on ea* side ( ! roadway1 s t all ra9 & surface wat] 0 effectually c>ri$ (f into ! riv]1 ?us prev5t+ leakage4 ,! pi]s & abutm5ts 7 f\nd$ 9 ! solid b$ ( ! riv]1 :i* is /rong gravel2 !y re/ ^u a wood5 plat=m1 support$ ^u piles #ab in*es 9 diamet] driv5 #bj feet into ! b$ ( ! riv]4 ,! :ole ( ! ar*es & ext]ior face ( ! bridge are built ( ,corni% granite1 f ! vic9ity ( ,p5ryn1 & ! balu/rade is made ( f9e grey ,ab]de5 granite4 ,! contract = ! ,corni% granite 0 tak5 by a v wor?y man ( ! "n ( ,gray1 & ! price 0 su* z on s l>ge a quantity ought to h enabl$ him to realize a v h&some pr(it2 b he _h no sy/em or ma*9]y adequate = ! purpose1 & in/ead ( op5+ qu>ries prop]ly ^u an enl>g$ scale 9 ! solid rock1 by :i* he w\ld h sav$ a great deal1 he *iefly conf9$ 8 op]ations to ! loose outly+ blocks1 :i* r$uc$ 8 pr(its consid]ably1 & 9 ! end x is v d\btful :e!r he did m ?an cov] 8 exp5ses4 ,z ! dress+ ( granite = masonry 0 entirely new at t "t1 no?+ hav+ be5 built ( ?is mat]ial 9 ,london1 x 0 extremely difficult to f9d masons :o w\ld und]take x1 ev5 at su* enorm\s prices z #as4 #i;d4 to #bs4 p] cube foot1 s t ! contractors1 ,messrs4 ,jolliffe & ,banks1 c\ld n af=d to pay x4 ,workm5 7 !re=e obta9$ f ,ab]de51 & ! price 0 ultimately r$uc$ f #bs4 to #as42 not)/&+1 h[ev]1 ! prime co/ ( ! /one1 ! freight1 dress+1 mort>1 & sett+ complete 9 ! bridge co/ ab\t #gs4 #b;d4 to #gs4 #c;d41 s t ! total co/ 0 ne> #gs4 #f;d4 ,x %\ld be obs]v$1 h[ev]1 t at t "t !re 0 a duty ( ?reep5ce p] cubic foot 7or ton87 on /one1 :i* has s9ce be5 tak5 (f4 ,! int]ior /one consi/$ ( h>d s&/one f ,d]by%ire & ,york%ire4 ,! bridge & approa*es 7 complet$ & op5$ ) great c]emony by ,george ,,iv41 !n ,pr9ce ,reg5t1 on ! #ae? ( ,june1 #ahag1 9 commemoration ( ! battle ( ,wat]loo1 aft] :i* x 0 especially nam$4 ,tw5ty-five pieces ( artill]y 7 plac$ on ! c5tre ( ! bridge1 :i* fir$ a salute z ,8 ,royal ,highness1 ! directors ( ! ,company1 & a brilliant suite walk$ ov] 9 procession1 :5 he *ri/5$ x ,wat]loo ,bridge1 & decl>$ x op5 to ! public4 ,8 ,royal ,highness came by wat] 9 8 /ate b>ge1 accompani$ by ! ,admiralty & o!r b>ges1 9 :i* 7 ! m9i/]s & suite2 he l&$ at ! /airs on ! s\?-ea/ side ( ! bridge1 & walk$ ov] x f s\? to nor?2 he emb>k$ aga9 on ! nor?-ea/ side1 & return$ to ,:itehall & ,c>lton ,h\se4 ,! sight 0 v brilliant1 ! wea!r magnific5t1 & ev]ybody seem$ to be satisfi$4 ,! total co/ ( ! bridge 0 #efe1jjjl41 :i* 0 #aj1jjjl4 m ?an e/imat$ by ,mr4 ,r5nie2 ! approa*es1 besides ! l& & build+s1 co/ a fur!r sum ( #aab1jjjl42 s t ! total co/ ( ! bridge & approa*es 0 #fgg1jjjl41 & ! l& & build+s & cont+5cies #cgc1jjjl41 mak+ a total ( #a1jej1jjjl4 ,?is is c]ta9ly a v l>ge sum = a bridge & its approa*es2 b :5 its ext5t is consid]$1 ! bridge alone be+ a qu>t] ( a mile long1 & ! approa*es ne>ly ?ree-qu>t]s ( a mile m1 also ! great co/ ( mat]ials & lab\r ( e k9d1 ! /one-cutt+ co/+ f #ds4 to #fs4 a cubic foot 9 ! r\gh /ate1 timb] f #gl4 to #adl4 p] load1 & lab\r 9 ! same proportion 7:i* is m ?an d\ble ! pres5t price71 we _c be surpris$ at ! total co/4 ,i /ill cont9u$ my duties at ! ,s\?w>k ,bridge1 :i* 0 complet$ 9 ,m>*1 #ahai1 & 0 op5$ )\t any c]emony by ,sir ,john ,jackson1 ! *airman ( ! ,company1 & ! o!r directors4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,travels 9 ,switz]l&1 ,italy1 ,greece1 ,asia ,m9or1 ,con/ant9ople1 & ,egypt--,return to ,engl&--,dea? ( ,mr4 ,r5nie4 ,i _h n[ receiv$ a tol]ably good education1 bo? !oretical & practical1 z a civil eng9e]2 b be=e ent]+ fully into practice on my own acc\nt1 my fa!r ?\ght x advisable t ,i %\ld travel = a "t to /udy :at _h be5 done 9 anci5t & mod]n times bo? 9 ar*itecture & eng9e]+4 ,i accord+ly left ,engl& on ! #g? ( ,june1 #ahai1 9 company ) my c\s91 ,colonel1 n[ ,g5]al1 ,sir ,j4 ,ait*ison1 & ! late ,"l ,ho?am1 8 fri5d4 ,we _h a ?irty-?ree h\rs' passage f ,brighton to ,dieppe1 dur+ :i* "t1 hav+ exhau/$ ! capta9's /ore ( bread & *eese1 n v abundant1 we 7 glad to fall back on a doz5 mack]el1 :i* ,"l ,ho?am's s]vant 0 =tunate en\gh to cat*4 ,we pass$ ?r\gh ,france )\t mu* incid5t2 b :5 ! view f ! summit ( ! ,jura sudd5ly bur/ ^u u1 ! magnific5t sc5e made a mo/ la/+ impression ^u my memory4 ,! valley ( ! ,rhone1 ! ,lake ( ,g5eva1 back$ by ,mont ,blanc & its spl5did range ( m\nta9s1 rose be=e u z if by magic2 we 7 totally unprep>$ = x1 c\ld sc>cely believe our s5ses1 & /ood enraptur$ = ne>ly half an h\r4 ,we !n desc5d$ to ,g5eva1 :]e we pass$ sev]al days v agreeably1 exam9+ :at 0 !n ! picturesque old t[n1 ) its clumsy1 old-fa%ion$ wat]works2 = ! improvem5t ( ^! my fa!r1 ?r\gh ! well-kn[n ,dr4 ,m>cet1 _h j made a design = ! municipality1 :i* 0 mu* approv$ (1 & :i* ,i und]/& has s9ce be5 p>tially c>ri$ into effect4 ,i "h made ! acqua9tance ( ,g5]al ,duf\r1 s well kn[n = 8 sci5tific acquirem5ts1 & aft] a few days w5t on an exp$ition to ,*am\nix1 :]e1 z no "o !n ?\ght ( asc5d+ ,mont ,blanc1 we climb$ ! ,montanv]t & ! ,m] de ,glace1 :]e ,i made "s exp]im5ts ) ,leslie's hygromet]4 ,hav+ return$ to ,g5eva1 we />t$ aga9 on ! #g? ,july = a m ext5d$ t\r 9 ! m\nta9s1 go+ by ! lakes ( ,morat & ,bi5ne1 ! sc5e ( ! great battle ( #adgf4 ,i exam9$ ^! two lakes1 :i* 7 evid5tly rapidly fill+ up1 b by l[]+ ! outfalls a great "p ( ! :ole might be recov]$1 :]eas at pres5t ! bord]s are to a great ext5t cov]$ ) re$s1 & ! m>%es exhale un:olesome effluvia4 ,aft] pass+ ?r\gh ,freib\rg1 :]e ! bridge1 !n newly op5$1 0 consid]$ "o ( ! wond]s ( ,switz]l&1 & :i*1 z a mo/ rem>kable "w ( its k9d1 ,i exam9$ att5tively1 we pass$ on to ,b]ne1 & go+ ?r\gh ! m\nta9s1 return$ to ,g5eva4 ,on our way1 be+ at ,meyr+51 & %ort ( ready ca%1 we propos$ ei!r to return direct to ,g5eva1 or to *ange "o ( ,h]ries' circul> notes2 b on (f]+ "o ( ^! notes to ! l&lord1 he at once said !re 0 no occasion = x1 z we 7 ,engli%m51 & t 0 en\gh4 ,hav+ produc$ a l>ge bag ( five-franc pieces1 he told u to help ourselves1 & 0 ) difficulty p]suad$ to take "o ( ,h]ries' notes 9 ex*ange4 ,i m]ely m5tion ?is to %[ h[ high ! "n ( ,engli%m5 !n /ood on ! ,cont95t4 ,leav+ ,g5eva = ,italy1 we proce$$ by ! r\te ( ! ,simplon1 ! con/ruction ( :i* ,i _h promis$ to obs]ve v att5tively = my fa!r4 ,! fir/ portion only pres5ts1 z objects ( int]e/1 ! excavations ?r\gh ! rock ( ,/4 ,g+\gh1 ne> ! upp] end ( ! lake4 ,f ,m>tigny we />t$ up ! valley ( ! ,rhone1 :]e1 ?\gh ! gr\nd is g5]ally level1 ! road yet enc\nt]s consid]able difficulties f ! riv]1 :i* "h assumes ! "* ( a torr5t1 & :5 swoll5 by floods sweeps almo/ ev]y?+ be=e x2 w&]+ f side to side x deposits ! dbris ( ! "o side on ! banks ( ! o!r1 =m+1 we may say1 alt]nately rapids & almo/ /ill pools1 :i* r5d]s x extremely difficult to conf9e its c\rse )9 any reasonable limits2 s t ! art ( ! eng9e] is tax$ to ! utt]mo/4 ,i ?\ght t 9 _m places ! works 7 n design$ ) t solidity :i* is s necess>y "u su* circum/ances1 & t suffici5t precautions 7 n tak5 to arre/ ! progress ( ! dbris4 ,i consid]$ t by provid+ depositories = x at c]ta9 fav\rable /ations1 ! viol5ce ( ! floods might h be5 consid]ably controll$1 a mu* great] ext5t ( l& on bo? sides ( ! riv] r5d]$ available = cultivation1 & ! ext5sive m>%es1 :i*1 op]at$ ^u by a p[]ful sun1 n[ produce mo/ injuri\s exhalations1 might h be5 depriv$ ( _! baneful influ5ce4 ,hav+ pass$ ,sion1 we left ,brieg e>ly on ! #aj? ( ,augu/1 & z soon z we began ! asc5t ,i desc5d$ f ! c>riage1 & ) l9e & rule ,i measur$ e bridge until we rea*$ ,bov5o1 on ! ,lake ,maggiore4 ,i s5t (f f ,milan1 z ,i _h promis$1 a detail$ acc\nt ( ?is celebrat$ road to my fa!r1 giv+ a draw+ & acc\nt ( e "w1 :i* ,i aft]w>ds _h ! gratification ( kn[+ af=d$ him great pleasure4 ,! :ole ,pass mu/ h at fir/ sight be5 appall+ to ! eng9e]s :o trac$ ! l9e ( road2 & al?\gh _m o!r works ( ! k9d ( great] magnitude h be5 s9ce execut$1 nev]!less1 all ?+s consid]$1 x is wor?y ! approbation ( mank9d1 & does great cr$it bo? to ^? :o design$ & ^? :o execut$ x4 ,we rea*$ ,milan#a on ! #ab? ( ,augu/1 & ,i 0 mu* /ruck ) ! f9e canal :i* unites x ) ,pavia1 & :i* c only be comp>$ ) ! canals ( ,belgium4 ,x has be5 said t ! fir/ p\nd lock 0 inv5t$ & execut$ by ! fam\s ,leon>di da ,v9ci1 b subsequ5t inquiries h induc$ me to believe t our own c\ntry is entitl$ to ! hon\r 9 ! ,exet] %ip canal4 ,i 0 also greatly pleas$ ) ! sy/em ( irrigation employ$ g5]ally ?r\gh\t ,lomb>dy4 ,?is sy/em 0 orig9ally introduc$ by ! ,italians !mselves1 & dur+ ! ,au/rian rule 0 c>ri$ to ! greate/ p]fection1 ,lomb>dy be+ by nature peculi>ly well adapt$ to x4 ,! va/ & f]tile valley ( ! ,po is = ! mo/ "p de/itute ( ra9 dur+ ! summ]1 :5 x is mo/ want$2 b x =tunately happ5s t at ?is season wat] is mo/ abundant f ! melt+ ( ! sn[s on ! ,alps1 :i* desc5d into ! adjac5t lakes & riv]s1 & w\ld be o!rwise wa/$ & ?r[n away if n employ$ = f]tiliz+ ! l&4 ,! wat]1 !re=e1 at ?is season is conduct$ by an elaborate sy/em ( artificial canals1 & di/ribut$ ov] ! adjac5t l&s accord+ to _! respective levels1 at a c]ta9 price1 v>y+ ) ! quantity di/ribut$4 ,?us ! con/ant supply ( wat]1 ! high temp]ature1 & ! f]tility ( ! soil comb9$1 produce ! mo/ abundant crops1 & ! pla9s ( ,lomb>dy are r5d]$ ! mo/ productive & valuable 9 ,europe2 :]eas 9 w9t]1 :5 ! temp]ature is l[e/1 ! sn[ is congeal$ on ! ,alps1 & comp>atively little wat] comes d[n :5 x is lea/ want$4 ,f ,milan we rea*$ ,v]ona1 :]e ! bridge1 consi/+ pr9cipally ( brick1 ) b9d+ c\rses ( m>ble1 c boa/ ( "o ( ! l>ge/ brick ar*es 9 ! _w1 an excell5t example ( :at may be done ) ?is mat]ial :5 prop]ly h&l$4 ,aft] pass+ ,vic5za & ,padua1 we rea*$ ,v5ice e>ly 9 ,septemb]1 #ahai4 ,! extraord9>y & at ! same "t mo/ beautiful & novel appe>ance ( ! city1 ) num]\s t[]s & spires1 ab\t :i* ,i _h read & he>d s mu*1 & _h s long wi%$ to see1 n[ /ood be=e me1 & its lovel9ess m ?an realiz$ my mo/ sangu9e expectations4 ,:5 ,i consid]$ its orig91 a few fi%]m5's huts built ^u ! mud banks ( ! lagoon by m5 fly+ f ! invasion ( ,attila1 !n ! rise ( ! great republic ^: weal?1 conque/s1 & influ5ce 7 de/9$ h]eaft] to play su* an important "p 9 ! _w1 & la/ly ! fall5 & degrad$ /ate 9 :i* x !n pres5t$ itself be=e me1 ,i 0 lo/ 9 a/oni%m5t2 ,i 0 = a :ile transport$ z x 7 9 a dream1 & c\ld sc>cely believe :]e ,i 04 ,! ,gr& ,canal fir/ attract$ our notice1--p]haps !re is no ?or\ghf>e 9 ! _w l9$ ) s _m magnific5t palaces1--& along :i* we pass$ until we came to ! ,rialto1 a draw+ ( :i* ,i made & s5t to my fa!r4 ,b if ,i 0 delight$1 & ,i may almo/ say a/oni%$1 at ! ,gr& ,canal1 ,i 0 /ill m s ) ! ,place ( ,/4 ,m>c & its surr\nd+ build+s1 s v>i$ 9 _! ar*itectural /yles1 yet ea* s picturesque & elegant 9 itself1 & comb9$ toge!r =m+ at once ! mo/ int]e/+ & beautiful sc5e ( ! k9d 9 ! _w4 ,x is "o ( ^? sights1 at lea/ speak+ = myself1 t nev] satiates--! m ,i look$ ! m ,i admir$ x4 ,z to ! details ( ^! diff]5t build+s :i* we saw1 !y are s mu* bett] describ$ 9 ! num]\s guide books t x is unnecess>y to repeat !m "h4 ,i visit$ e "p ( ! lagoons1 includ+ ! v>i\s isl&s1 all ( :i* are m or less des]v+ ( notice1 p>ticul>ly ! isl& ( ,murano1 ! seat ( ! celebrat$ glass manufactories2 & also ! ,moravian e/abli%m5t4 ,b :at really mo/ int]e/$ me 7 ! lagoons1 & ! means :i* mu/ h be5 resort$ to = keep+ !m op51 not)/&+ ! num]\s causes :i* 7 & are con/antly 9 op]ation to fill !m up ) ! alluvial matt] br\ght d[n f ! m\nta9s & pla9s by ! v>i\s riv]s & /reams :i* dis*>ge _! wat]s into ?is portion ( ! ,adriatic1 also f ! alluvium br\ght 9 f ! adjac5t %ores1 by ! tide1 :i* rises f #b to #d feet1 & at times1 dur+ heavy gales f ! s\?w>d1 z mu* z #f feet1 ov]fl[+ ! quays ( ,/4 ,m>c's ,place4 ,!re 0 a long-cont9u$ discussion among/ ! num]\s di/+ui%$ ma!maticians1 eng9e]s1 & o!rs :o h writt5 ^u ?is subject1 z to ! be/ way ( prev5t+ ! fill+ up ( ! h>b\r4 ,"s cont5d$ t ! only me?od ( effect+ ?is 0 to admit all ! riv]s into ! lagoons freely2 = al?\gh !y might deposit a c]ta9 am\nt ( alluvial matt]1 nev]!less ! great quantity ( wat] dis*>g$ w\ld alone be suffici5t to c>ry away ?is deposit4 ,b !y =got t :5 ! riv]s met ! sea ! curr5t w\ld necess>ily be *eck$ & r5d]$ p[]less to c>ry =w>d any matt] :i* might be held 9 susp5sion1 & t consequ5tly ! detritus w\ld be deposit$ & =m banks & %oals :i* ! wat]s c\ld n remove2 ?us 9 "t ! lagoons w\ld be fill$ up1 grass m>%es w\ld be =m$1 ! city ( ,v5ice w\ld be unit$ to ! ma9l&1 & ! h>b\r w\ld be de/roy$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x 0 argu$1 = ! reasons above m5tion$1 t ! only way to pres]ve ! lagoons & ! port ( ,v5ice 0 to exclude ! riv]s :5 d5sely *>g$ ) alluvial matt]1 & only to admit _! wat]s at c]ta9 times1 :5 !y 7 comp>atively cle>2 ?us all ! advantage w\ld be obta9$ f ! sc\r ( ^! riv]s1 )\t ! disadvantage aris+ f _! deposits4 ,ultimately ! argum5ts ( ! latt] prevail$1 ! riv]s 7 exclud$ f ! lagoons by mak+ a capaci\s canal all ar\nd !m ) sluices at _! m\?s1 by means ( :i* ! wat]s 7 dis*>g$ into ! lagoons :5 !y 7 tol]ably cle> ( alluvial matt]2 ! surplus wat]s 7 dis*>g$ into ! adjac5t sea cle> ( ! lagoons1 & any alluvial matt] :i* 0 br\ght 9 f ! sea 0 remov$ by dr$g+ f ! ma9 *annels ( ! lagoons1 s t !y 7 9 a fit /ate to admit ! tidal wat]s & ?us to keep ! lagoons op54 ,b !re 0 ano!r important ag5t to be provid$ aga9/1 namely1 ! alluvial matt] br\ght 9 by ! w9ds1 waves1 & curr5ts f ! sc\r+ ( ! adjac5t %ores ( ! ,adriatic2 ?is is done to a c]ta9 ext5t by dr$g+4 ,orig9ally ^! banks contribut$ mat]ially to ! =mation ( ! out] banks1 :i* protect ! lagoon on ! sea side4 ,if ^! banks 7 brok5 ?r\gh or completely swept away1 :i* ! /orms ( ! ,adriatic frequ5tly ?reat5$ to d1 ! lagoon1 & ) x ! port1 w\ld be s]i\sly injur$ or totally de/roy$4 ,?is 0 rem$i$ by def5d+ ?is out] b>ri] bank ( ! lagoon by fac+ x ) /one1 & :]e ! sea 0 mo/ viol5t by con/ruct+ a solid breakwat] ( /one1 & protect+ x fur!r by /one filt]s c>ri$ out a suffici5t di/ance into ! sea 9 ord] to div]t ! curr5t1 & to enable ! alluvial matt] to be deposit$ betwe5 !m s z to =m an additional protection to ! ma9 breakwat]2 ?is 0 accord+ly done1 & ?us an extraord9>y "w at great exp5se has be5 con/ruct$ betwe5 ,lido & ,malamocco1 ! pr9cipal entrances f ! sea to ! lagoon1 = a l5g? ( f\r miles1 :]e ! effects ( ! sea are greate/4 ,malamocco is ! pr9cipal entrance = l>ge vessels1 & ! *annel f !nce to ,v5ice has be5 deep5$1 *iefly by dr$g+1 to ! ext5t ( #bd feet at l[ wat]4 ,lido1 :i* is ! next *ief entrance & ! ne>e/ to ,v5ice1 be+ ab\t #a mile di/ant f x1 s]ves = ! g5]al class ( m]*ant vessels4 ,! o!r entrances ( ,foggia1 ,tre ,porte1 & ! ,piave1 are seldom us$ except = fi%+ vessels1 & x is n necess>y to d m to ^! ?an to keep !m 9 _! pres5t /ate1 t is1 to prev5t det]ioration1 z x is an object ( importance to all[ ! great mass ( wat] by :i* ! lagoon is *iefly pres]v$ to pass 9 & out ( ! ma9 entrances1 ,malamocco & ,lido4 ,^u ! :ole x appe>s to me t ?is latt] plan is ! wise/ t c\ld be adopt$1 & ! result has prov$ t x has be5 s f> successful1 al?\gh att5d$ ) consid]able exp5se4 ,x is 9 fact a *oice ( two evils1 & ! lea/ has be5 *os54 ,x is1 ,i believe1 admitt$ t ! port ( ,v5ice is n[ capable ( receiv+ z l>ge1 if n l>g]1 vessels ?an %e ev] receiv$ be=e2 = x %\ld be recollect$ t 9 ! mo/ fl\ri%+ times ( ,v5ice !re 7 no %ips draw+ #bc or #bd feet1 & vessels ( ?is size c n[ ent] & dep>t at all times4 ,h5ce ,v5ice has be5 conv]t$ into a port fit = mod]n requirem5ts2 b x mu/ always be borne 9 m9d t s /rong are ! natural ob/acles aga9/ its ma9t5ance t no?+ c pres]ve x 9 its pres5t condition b ! mo/ con/ant vigilance & c>e4 ,=tunately ! me?od ( dr$g+ by /eam has be5 introduc$1 & ?is may be done to any ext5t1 at a comp>atively mod]ate co/1 b x c only be comp5sat$ = :5 !re is a suffici5t am\nt ( trade to pay = x4 ,/ill1 9 :atev] way we may consid] ! "q1 x mu/ be admitt$ t ! port ( ,v5ice has be5 pres]v$ 9 a mo/ extraord9>y mann] dur+ s _m c5turies1 not)/&+ ! natural ob/acles aga9/ x2 & n[ t x has be5 connect$ ) ! k+dom ( ,italy1 !re is no fur!r drawback to its full developm5t1 & x only requires self-reliance & en]gy to r5d] x :at x once 01 "o1 if n ! mo/ important1 ( ! comm]cial cities ( ,italy4 ,at ,bologna we _h ! pleasure ( mak+ ! acqua9tance ( ! celebrat$ l+ui/ ,mezz(anti1 ^: mode/ & simple mann]1 accompani$ by 8 extraord9>y acquirem5ts1 q en*ant$ u4 ,! s+ul> fact is t at ! "t ( our meet+ him he _h nev] be5 out ( ! prov9ce ( ,bologna1 & yet he _h acquir$ ! k ( tw5ty-f\r languages1 &1 z f> z our limit$ acqua9tance w5t1 he spoke ! ,engli%1 ,g]man1 ,fr5*1 ,greek & ,lat9 tongues p]fectly2 & ^? conv]sant ) ! ,ori5tal languages in=m$ u t he spoke !m equally well4 ,he appe>$ to be completely absorb$ 9 languages1 & 0 sc>cely acqua9t$ ) any o!r bran*es ( k2 /ill 8 wond]ful ma/]y ( ?is bran* ( /udy 0 a great acquirem5t1 & mu/ h requir$ va/ p[]s ( memory z well z indefatigable /udy4 ,f !nce we pass$ ?r\gh ,rav5na to ,ancona1 ! position ( :i* is good1 occupy+ z x does a sali5t po9t ( ! coa/4 ,! wat] is deep & !re is a comm&+ height = a citadel4 ,! ,roman emp]ors resolv$ to take advantage ( ! situation1 & built a t[n "h1 ! place be+ well adapt$ = a seaport4 ,!y accord+ly made a mole on ! s\? side to protect ! h>b\r aga9/ ! mo/ dang]\s w9ds1 namely1 ^? bl[+ f ! s\?2 !y comm5c$ ! "w f ! %ore by ?r[+ d[n l>ge blocks ( r\gh /one1 :i* 7 obta9$ f ! rocks 9 ! vic9ity1 9 ord] to =m a base = ! sup]/ructure2 ^! blocks ( /one 7 deposit$ promiscu\sly 9 ! sea & left to ! action ( ! waves1 :i* 9 a comp>atively %ort "t consolidat$ !m until !y =m$ a mass t at l5g? became immovable1 always add+ m /one z requir$ until ! :ole became solid2 ?is f\ndation 0 c>ri$ up to ! level ( l[-wat] m>k4 ,!y !n comm5c$ ! sup]/ructure ( masonry1 ( squ>$ /one & brickwork cem5t$ toge!r by pozzolana or hydraulic mort>1 :i* 0 be/ adapt$ to make ! "w p]man5t4 ,! inside or quay wall 0 =m$ by fir/ plac+ a close framework ( timb] 9 front & at ! angle or slope at :i* ! quay wall 0 to be =m$4 ,!y !n ?rew d[n a mass ( pozzolana1 lime1 & small rubble /one1 mix$ toge!r1 betwe5 ! wood5 frames & ! rubble /one :i* _h be5 previ\sly deposit$ to =m ! base ( ! mole4 ,?is 9 a comp>atively %ort "t become solid1 z ! mixture ( pozzolana1 lime1 & /one possesses ! quality ( sett+ "u wat]4 ,:5 x _h become suffici5tly solid1 ! timb] frame 0 remov$ & transf]r$ to ano!r section to =m a cont9uation ( ! quay wall1 & ?us ! :ole l9e ( inn] quay wall :i* =m$ ! roadway 0 made by back+ ! quay wall to its full height ) rubble1 & a p>apet ( masonry 0 erect$ on ! outside2 ?is sup]/ructure1 al?\gh r\gh1 /ood v well ) occasional repairs4 ,9 ?is mann] ! mole 0 c>ri$ out to a great ext5t4 ,a f9e triumphal ar* 0 erect$ at ! end to commemorate ! completion ( ! "w4 ,x is s+ul> t ! same emp]or %\ld h con/ruct$ a l "w 9 a simil> situation & 9 ! same mann] at ,civita ,vec*ia1 on ! opposite coa/ ( ,italy1 aft] e attempt _h be5 made to e/abli% a port by 8 pr$ecessors at ,o/ia1 :i* 0 built at extraord9>y exp5se1 & has be5 fill$ up by ! alluvial matt] br\ght d[n by ! ,tib] & f ! sea by ! littoral curr5ts1 s t x is n[ ?ree miles f ! sea4 ,! pr9ciple ( con/ruction us$ 9 ^! works resembles a good deal ! mode adopt$ by ! ,phnicians at ,tyre1 & subsequ5tly by ! ,c>?ag9ians at ,c>?age1 & by ! mod]ns4 ,! ,romans also employ$ ! holl[ mole1 t is1 a mole con/ruct$ ) ar*es1 by means ( :i* ! curr5t *>g$ ) alluvial matt] 0 enabl$ to pass ?r\gh ! mole1 & ?us any deposit )9 or )\t ! mole 0 to a great ext5t prev5t$4 ,! h>b\r ( ,civita ,vec*ia rema9s s]viceable at ! pres5t day = vessels draw+ #bj feet ( wat]1 al?\gh1 z may be naturally expect$1 a c]ta9 deposit has tak5 place dur+ ! lapse ( s _m c5turies :i* requires to be dr$g$ out occasionally4 ,at ,ancona only "o pi] 0 built on ! s\? side1 & consequ5tly an eddy & /agnation took place on ! nor? side1 z ! littoral curr5t runs f s\? to nor?1 & !re=e !re is a t5d5cy to deposit on ! nor? side4 ,! ,fr5* :5 ma/]s ( ,italy comm5c$ ano!r mole on ! nor? side1 ?us enclos+ a consid]able space ( sea s z to =m a close h>b\r1 :i* no d\bt is ( great s]vice2 /ill1 f ! nature ( ! local circum/ances1 a c]ta9 deposit may always be expect$4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 c be remov$ by dr$g+1 & ! h>b\r may always be pres]v$ 9 a /ate ( effici5cy if ! ext5t ( trade w w>rant ! exp5diture necess>y = ! purpose4 ,on rea*+ ,rome1 x is difficult to express ! emotions ,i felt on a fir/ sight ( ! ,holy ,city1 surr\nd$ by ! desolate ,campagna1 ! ,tib] roll+ 9 front1 ! ,ca/le ( ,/4 ,angelo1 & ! num]\s t[]s ( *ur*es ris+ out ( ! mass ( h\ses1 cr[n$ by ! gorge\s dome ( ,/4 ,pet]'s elevat$ 9 pr\d maje/y above ! :ole1 back$ by ! magnific5t views ( ! anci5t city1 once ! mi/ress ( ! _w4 ,?is mo/ int]e/+1 ,i may say1 mo/ ?rill+1 sight lay be=e me 9 all its solemn maje/y4 ,:5 ,i consid]$ t x rose f a few insignificant %eph]ds' hovels to imp]ial spl5d\r1 !n became ! prey ( ! b>b>ian hordes ( ! nor?1 & la/ly1 ! ?rone ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ri/ian _w1 ,i 0 aw$ by ! wond]ful decrees ( ,provid5ce1 & at ! in/ability ( all human gr&eur4 ,i lay re/less all night2 ,i c\ld sc>cely realize ! fact t ,i 0 actually 9 ?is wond]ful1 all-absorb+ city1 to visit :i* f my *ildhood _h be5 "o ( ! greate/ objects ( my ambition4 ,x w\ld be va9 to attempt to describe 9 detail its num]\s spl5did build+s1 bo? anci5t & mod]n1 its museums1 & its c\ntless treasures ( priceless art4 ,i w m]ely rem>k t !re is no city 9 ! _w m wor?y ( a visit ?an ,rome1 or :]e great] gratification & in/ruction c be d]iv$2 = example1 ! aqu$ucts & ! ,cloaca ,maxima %[ h[ ?or\ghly ! ,romans und]/ood ! importance ( sew]age & good wat] = ! pres]vation ( human life1 an importance t is only n[ beg9n+ to be recogniz$ 9 ,engl&1 :ile !re /ill rema9s v mu* to be accompli%$4 ,my fri5d ,colonel ,ait*ison 0 oblig$ to ha/5 8 dep>ture4 ,i !n took lodg+s 9 ! ,piazza de ,spagna1 & devot$ myself to ! /udy ( ! ,italian language1 ar*itecture1 & draw+1 & 9 my leisure mom5ts ent]$ into society2 & =tunately at t "t !re 7 assembl$ !re "s ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ *>act]s 9 sci5ce1 lit]ature1 & art1 besides diplomati/s & lead]s ( fa%ion1 f ! v>i\s capitals ( ,europe4 ,among/ ! fir/ may be m5tion$ ! celebrat$ *emi/ & philosoph]1 ,sir ,humphry ,davy1 & 8 tal5t$ wife1 "u ^: hospitable ro( ,i pass$ _m happy days1 & at ! same "t receiv$ mu* valuable in/ruction4 ,i made acqua9tance ) ! ,m>*ese ,m>t9ette1 ! sci5tific eng9e]1 :o at t "t devis$ ! ext5sive hydraulic works = ! improvem5t ( ! riv]s & dra9age ( ! m>%-l& di/ricts ( ,bologna & ,f]r>a1 f :om ,i d]iv$ mu* in=mation4 ,i also met ! well-kn[n antiqu>y1 ,sir ,w4 ,gell1 :o to 8 int]e/+ memoir ( ,greece aft]w>ds add$ mu* t[>ds expla9+ ! antiquities ( ,rome1 & 9 8 agreeable society ,i sp5t _m a pleasant day4 ,dodwell too _h j return$ f ,greece2 & ,i made ! acqua9tance ( t pr9ce ( sculptors1 ,canova1 to :om my fa!r _h giv5 me a lett] ( introduction4 ,i frequ5tly w5t to 8 /udio1 :]e he always receiv$ me ) ! greate/ k9dness4 ,he 0 !n at "w on ! model ( 8 fam\s dy+ ,madele9e1 :i* /ruck me z a ma/]piece ( elegance & beauty1 comb9$ ) ! resignation & piety :i* s pre-em95tly di/+ui%es x z a beautiful specim5 ( art4 ,nobody c\ld be m k9d1 amiable1 & mode/ 9 8 mann] ?an t di/+ui%$ sculptor4 ,flatt]$ by emp]ors1 k+s1 & ! great & cultivat$ ( e l&1 he nev] = a mom5t =got himself or appe>$ to be elat$1 or to be put out ( 8 ord9>y simple1 unobtrusive mann]2 :il/ to 8 bro!r arti/s he 0 equally k9d & famili>2 to 8 inf]iors he 0 always g5tle & consid]ate1 giv+ 8 humbl] fell[-work]s e enc\ragem5t & advice1 *e]+ !m on _! way1 & n unfrequ5tly assi/+ !m ) 8 purse :5 _! necessities requir$ x4 ,he 0 devot$ to 8 art1 ( :i* he 0 s em95t a pr(essor1 & ) x comb9$ all ^? amiable & *>itable feel+s :i* r5d]$ him an univ]sal fav\rite & a b5efactor to mank9d4 ,i made acqua9tance also ) ! great ,dane1 ,?orwalds51 :o frequ5tly admitt$ me to 8 /udio4 ,he 0 totally diff]5t f ,canova4 ,8 squ>e1 massive head1 cov]$ ) a r$undance ( fl[+ locks2 8 f9ely-develop$ c\nt5ance1 beam+ ) tal5t & firmness ( purpose2 8 colossal & well-proportion$ figure1 & erect & comm&+ gait1 all comb9$ to raise 9 ! m9d ( ! spectator a degree ( respect & admiration n usually to be met )4 ,yet ) all ?is app>5t /]nness !re 0 comb9$ a happy mixture ( g5tl5ess1 g5ial sociability1 & good-nature1 :i*1 aft] a little acqua9tance1 soon made y feel at home ) him2 & ! m y knew him ! m y lik$ him4 ,he 0 !n at "w ^u ! colossal figures ( ! ,twelve ,apo/les1 = ! *ur* at ,cop5hag51 a commission giv5 to him by ! ,k+4 ,sev]al ( ^! 7 f9i%$1 & magnific5t specim5s ( art !y 74 ,i h s9ce se5 !m 9 _! places1 & h look$ at !m ) increas$ admiration4 ,8 ,triumph ( ,alex&] _h j !n be5 complet$1 & a f9] specim5 ( bas-relief x is impossible to see4 ,x is s+ul> t ) all ?is nobl5ess ( "*1 & be+ )al a p]fect ma/] 9 8 art1 ?is great man--= c]ta9ly he 0 s 9 8 sph]e--%\ld h look$ ^u ,canova z 8 rival1 & dislik$ him ) a dislike almo/ am\nt+ to hatr$1 :]eas ! g5tle ,canova _h no su* feel+ t[>ds ,?orwalds54 ,_! /yles1 moreov]1 7 s totally diff]5t f ea* o!r1 t !re c\ld be no reason = jeal\sy betwe5 !m4 ,canova excell$ 9 ! female =m1 :]e no?+ b elegance1 g5tl5ess1 & grace are requir$1 al?\gh he by no means fail$ 9 ! male figure2 :]eas ,?orwalds5 excell$ 9 t ( ! male1 :]e =ce1 manl9ess1 & dignity are ma9ly requisite4 ,bo? 7 at ! head ( _! pr(ession 9 _! respective /yles1 & bo? h left beh9d !m num]\s ma/]pieces ( art1 :i* h nev] be5 surpass$ 9 anci5t or mod]n times4 ,9 addition to ^! celebrities1 !re 7 ,lawr5ce1 ,*antrey1 & ,turn]1 all engag$ 9 _! respective walks ( art4 ,^! ,i _h kn[n 9 ,engl&1 & ,i receiv$ mu* k9dness & in/ruction f !m1 & enjoy$ ! greate/ pleasure 9 _! delightful society4 ,num]\s great h\ses 7 at t "t op5 = ! reception ( all ! celebrities ( ,roman & =eign society1 to :i* ,i _h access4 ,among/ _m o!rs may be m5tion$ ^? ( ! beautiful ,pr9cess ,borghese1 ! ,du*ess ( ,devon%ire1 & ,"l ,william ,b5t9ck4 ,at ! h\se ( ! ,du*ess ( ,devon%ire ,i 0 introduc$ to ! poli%$ c\rti] & prie/1 ,c>d9al ,gonsalvi1 at t "t ,m9i/] ( ,=eign ,affairs to ! ,pope1 ^: graceful mann]s & elegant language1 comb9$ ) a va/ fund ( in=mation1 en*ant$ ev]ybody4 ,i also met ,?omas ,moore1 :o enraptur$ ! :ole audi5ce by s++ 8 fre% melodies1 ) a degree ( pa?os1 ta/e1 & feel+ :i* 0 peculi>ly 8 own4 ,nei!r mu/ ,i =get ,lady ,morgan1 ^: lively & con/ant prattle af=d$ mu* amusem5t1 n altoge!r de/itute ( in=mation4 ,at ! hospitable h\se ( ,"l & ,lady ,william ,b5t9ck ,i saw ! lite ( ,engli% society1 :]e ,i 0 frequ5tly a welcome gue/4 ,among/ o!rs1 appe>$ ! beautiful ,miss ,cann+1 aft]w>ds ! ,m>*ioness ,clanric>de1 & ! sil5t1 amiable1 & un=tunate ,"l ,william ,russell1 :o aft]w>ds fell a victim to 8 s]vant1 ! assass9 ,c\rvoisi]4 ,to enum]ate all ! agreeable & tal5t$ p]sons ( :om ,i _h ! hon\r ( mak+ ! acqua9tance at ,rome w\ld be =eign to my purpose1 & out ( place "h4 ,suffice x to say1 t ! w9t] ( #ahai1 :i* ,i pass$ at ,rome1 0 "o ( ! mo/ agreeable & in/ructive ( my life1 & w ev] be rememb]$ by me ) ! mo/ lively feel+s ( satisfaction4 ,be=e leav+ ,i _h ! hon\r ( be+ pres5t$ to ! b5evol5t ,pius ,,vii41 & 0 mu* captivat$ ) 8 k9d & uno/5tati\s reception4 ,aft] witness+ ! ,*ur* c]emonies ( ,*ri/mas1 ,i left ,rome j be=e ! ,c>nival4 ,i pass$ ?r\gh ,ca/el ,g&olfo1 & aft]w>ds came ^u ! ,pont9e ,m>%es4 ,! ,pont9e ,m>%es consi/ ( a l[ tract ( l&1 ext5d+ f ! elevat$ ridge ( ,ca/el ,g&olfo to a spur ( ! ,ap5n9es1 :i* approa* ! ,m$it]ranean ne> ,velletri1 be+ a l5g? ( ab\t #bj miles1 :il/ on ! ea/ !y are bord]$ by ! ,ap5n9es1 f :5ce num]\s /reams & torr5ts desc5d into ! m>%es2 & on ! we/1 or sea side1 !y are b\nd$ by a l9e ( s&banks1 or dunes1 ?r[n up by ! waves & /orms f ! we/2 s t !y =m1 z x 71 a bas9 into :i* all ! wat]s fl[1 )\t a natural outfall ?r\gh :i* !y c escape4 ,to attempt to make a direct outfall to ! sea 0 p]fectly practicable1 b !re 0 no rise ( tide1 s t ?\gh ! outfall w\ld be consid]ably improv$1 !re w\ld yet rema9 ! difficulty ( keep+ x op51 9 consequ5ce ( ! con/ant influx ( ! s&4 ,9 simil>1 & inde$ 9 all cases ( ?is class1 !re are two po9ts to be consid]$1 namely1 ! wat] :i* comes f ! highl&s1 & t :i* falls directly ^u ! l[l&s4 ,n[ ! =m]1 com+ f a high] level1 & necess>ily hav+ great] velocity1 w naturally desc5d to ! l[e/ level1 :i* is ! m>%es1 & w =ce its way to ! outfall be=e ! l[l& wat]2 s t until ! highl& wat] is dis*>g$1 ! l[l& wat]1 hav+ less incl9ation1 _c escape1 & z ! outfall 0 extremely defici5t1 nei!r ! highl& nor l[l& wat] c\ld be dis*>g$1 & bo? comb9$ accumulat$ ^u ! l[l&s & flood$ !m4 ,x !re=e 0 evid5t t s long z ?is /ate ( ?+s rema9$ x 0 impossible = ! l[l&s to be prop]ly dra9$1 z ! outfall 0 defici5t = ! dis*>ge ( bo? wat]s :5 comb9$4 ,! only feasible mode ( atta9+ ! desir$ object 0 to sep>ate !m2 !n1 at lea/1 ! l[l&s c\ld n be incommod$ by ! highl& wat]1 & w\ld only h to dis*>ge its own dra9age4 ,?us1 if a cat*wat] dra9 _h be5 made along ! base ( ! highl&s1 all t wat] might be dis*>g$ into ! sea at any level requir$1 = !re is ample fall or incl9ation2 & if ano!r & sep>ate outfall _h be5 made = ! dis*>ge ( ! wat] fall+ ^u ! l[l&s1 al?\gh ) mu* less fall1 x might h be5 dis*>g$1 at lea/1 to a great degree1 if well embank$ & ( a prop] size1 because x w\ld h be5 unob/ruct$ by ! highl& wat]4 ,b ev5 suppos+ t any portion ( ! l[l&s _h be5 bel[ ! level ( ! outfall1 ?is defect c\ld easily h be5 rem$i$ by pump+ ma*9es1 work$ ei!r by w9d1 animal1 or /eam p[]1 connect$ ) ma9 & subsidi>y dra9s ( prop] capacity4 ,?is plan1 :i* has be5 s effectively exemplifi$ 9 ! dra9age ( ! great level ( ! ,f5s & else:]e1 0 n adopt$1 b ! :ole ( ! wat]s1 highl& z well z l[l&1 7 ?r[n into "o dra9 & outfall1 & ?us be=e ! highl& wat] c\ld be dis*>g$1 ! l[l& wat] /agnat$ ^u ! l&4 ,until ,mr4 ,r5nie's sy/em is adopt$1 !re nev] w be a p]fect dra9age2 & ! m imp]fect ! outfall1 ! great] is ! necessity = adopt+ 8 sy/em4 ,at ,t]rac9a we 7 t]rifi$ ) ! acc\nt ( ! brig&s :om we %\ld h to enc\nt] 9 cross+ ! spur ( ! ,ap5n9es be=e we ent]$ ! k+dom ( ,naples4 ,i "h exam9$ ! old ,roman port1 consi/+ ( two artificial pi]s ( /one c>ri$ out f ! %ore1 ) ! entrance po9t+ we/4 ,bo? pi]s are long1 & are well con/ruct$ ( solid masonry1 ) a p>apet & roadway2 !re be+ l>ge moor+ /ones1 ) holes ?r\gh _! extremities1 fix$ solidly into ! inn] or quay walls ( ea* pi]4 ,^u ! :ole ?is is a sub/antial "w1 al?\gh1 z ! pi]s are curv$1 !y are badly adapt$ = break+ ! waves on ! outside1 & = pres]v+ tranquillity )9 ! h>b\r4 ,! :ole space )9 & )\t ! pi]s 0 fill$ up ) s& to )9 two feet ( ! quay walls4 ,x is a common error1 ev5 at ! pres5t day1 to make curv$ pi]s2 ! consequ5ce is1 t :5 ! waves /rike !m !y accumulate z !y move =w>d1 until at l5g? !y break ) increas$ =ce & c>ry all be=e !m4 ,! same takes place ) ! waves ent]+ ! h>b\r1 :i* produce su* a degree ( agitation )9 t vessels _c lie 9 safety2 :]eas by mak+ ! pi]s 9 sev]al /raight arms ! waves /rike !m on ! outside1 & !y are brok51 & neutralize ea* o!r at ! angles4 ,i rea*$ ,naples ?r\gh a road closely patroll$ by soldi]s1 ) blockh\ses = t5 or twelve m5 at v %ort int]vals4 ,be+ b\nd = ,greece1 my "t 0 v %ort1 yet ,i manag$ to asc5d ,vesuvius & visit ,h]culaneum ) ,"l ,guild=d1 z well z ! ,museo ,borbonico z (t5 z possible4 ,i exam9$ ! mod]n h>b\r ( ,naples1 & ,i d\bt if any?+ c\ld be m badly design$4 ,!re are two small pi]s1 ! entrance betwe5 :i* is difficult2 x is expos$ to ! preval5t & dang]\s w9ds1 & is sc>cely safe inside4 ,?is is ! m extraord9>y1 because ! num]\s rema9s ( ! anci5t h>b\rs ( ! ,romans1 disp]s$ ?r\gh\t ! bay1 might h s]v$ z models = a port adapt$ = all ! requirem5ts ( mod]n trade z well z = w> vessels4 ,! h>b\r mu/ be improv$ be=e ,naples c be provid$ ) t accommodation :i* h] increas+ trade imp]atively requires4 ,i />t$ f ,naples ) sev]al o!rs on ! #ca/ ,janu>y1 #ahbj1 & aft] an al>m f a ?reat5$ attack by brig&s on ! summit ( ! pass ( ,bav5o1 f :i* we 7 rescu$ by ! timely arrival ( ! ,receiv]-,g5]al ( ! prov9ce1 on 8 (ficial j\rney1 accompani$ by a num]\s escort ( dragoons4 ,we rea*$ ,lecce1 ! capital ( ! prov9ce1 on ! ev5+ ( ! #h? ,febru>y1 hav+ be5 elev5 days on ! j\rney1 a di/ance ( ab\t #cjj miles1 r fatigu$1 b mu* pleas$ ) ?is novel & int]e/+ c\ntry1 s seldom visit$ by travell]s4 ,i alight$ at ! be/ hotel 9 ! place1 :i* 0 b v indiff]5t1 & ! next day call$ ^u ,g5]al ,*ur*1 ! ,gov]nor ( ! prov9ce1 & 0 mo/ k9dly receiv$ by him1 he insi/+ ^u my mak+ 8 h\se my home4 ,"h ,i aga9 met ) ,"l ,guild=d1 ,"l ,william ,russell1 & ,*evali] ,bron/$1 ) :om ,i _h previ\sly made acqua9tance at ,rome4 ,"l ,guild=d 0 on 8 way to ! ,ionian ,isl&s on (ficial bus9ess1 & ,sir ,?omas ,maitl&1 ! ,gov]nor1 _h ord]$ a vessel to be s5t to ,br9disi to convey 8 ,lord%ip1 :o v civilly (f]$ me & our two mutual fri5ds a passage4 ,z ! vessel 0 n expect$ = sev]al days1 we 9 ! meantime became ! gue/s ( ,g5]al ,*ur*1 & 7 mo/ hospitably ent]ta9$ by him4 ,g5]al ,*ur* 0 an extraord9>y man4 ,he 0 bel[ ! middle size1 ab\t ! age ( five-&-=ty1 extremely well built1 sp>e1 s9ewy1 & active1 ) a well-proportion$ head1 %>p pi]c+ eyes1 r aquil9e nose1 & a closely-compress$ m\?1 d5ot+ great firmness & resolution4 ,he comm&$ a regim5t ( ,albanians & ,greeks1 z an auxili>y corps 9 ! ,briti% employm5t1 dur+ ! great w>1 & 9 t position assi/$ ! op]ations ( ! ,briti% cruis]s on ! coa/ ( ,italy2 & h5ce he became subsequ5tly atta*$ to ! army ( ,"l ,william ,b5t9ck1 aft] 8 conque/ ( ,sicily4 ,*ur* 0 a pr(ici5t 9 ! ,greek1 ,italian1 & ,fr5* languages1 &1 hav+ consid]able milit>y tal5t1 & be+ a great discipl9>ian1 soon br\ght ! r\gh & savage elem5ts ( :i* 8 corps 0 compos$ into tol]able ord]1 & r5d]$ !m ( consid]able s]vice 9 ! wild w>f>e 9 :i* !y 7 engag$4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! w> he retir$ on half pay to ,naples1 :]e1 be+ well kn[n to ! ,gov]nm5t1 he 0 made ,gov]nor ( ! prov9ce ( ,otranto1 at t "t ov]run ) brig&s4 ,*ur* 0 appo9t$ to ! comm& ) unlimit$ control1 & by 8 vigor\s & en]getic conduct soon spread t]ror & dismay among/ !m2 he 0 "h1 !re1 & ev]y:]e2 :5 !y lea/ expect$1 he came ^u !m sudd5ly1 disp]s$ !m1 & de/roy$ ! lead]s )\t m]cy4 ,he _h _m n>r[ escapes himself f %>+ ! same fate4 ,once x is relat$ t he & 8 aide-de-camp1 ,capta9 ,kus9i1 ent]$ unkn[+ly a small t[n1 ( :i* "o ( ! mo/ able & d>+ brig& *iefs1 ) a p[]ful b& ( foll[]s1 0 9 possession4 ,*ur*1 :5 he f\nd ?is1 det]m9$ to make ! be/ ( x1 be+ p]fectly aw>e ( 8 dang]4 ,he ent]$ ! *ief inn & s5t = ! l&lord1 :o recogniz$ him at once1 & ask$ him if he knew t ! brig& *ief & 8 foll[]s 7 actually 9 ! t[n4 8,yes10 repli$ ,*ur*1 ) imp]turbable coolness1 8,i am come expressly to meet him2 tell him t ,i want to see him imm$iately40 ,! brig& *ief accord+ly came1 a/oni%$ to see ! ,g5]al1 :om he lea/ expect$2 he began to be al>m$1 ?9k+ he 0 surr\nd$4 ,! ,g5]al1 address+ ! brig& by "n1 in=m$ him t !re 0 no *ance ( 8 escape1 b t if he & 8 foll[]s w\ld surr5d]1 he w\ld p>don !m & get !m employ$ 9 ! ,k+'s army4 ,! brig& *ief & 8 m5 decl9$ ?is g5]\s (f]4 ,*ur* !n told him t he 0 sorry1 = _! own sakes1 z 9 future !y c\ld expect no m]cy4 ,! brig& & 8 foll[]s !n )drew1 det]m9$ on _! side to %[ no qu>t] to ! troops if ev] !y %\ld get !m )9 _! p[]2 b = ! mom5t1 be+ ignorant ( ,*ur*'s position1 !y 7 afraid to attack him1 little suppos+ t he 0 at t "t !irs4 ,?is extraord9>y int]view hav+ t]m9at$1 ,*ur* felt t he _h play$ ! game f> en\gh1 & ! soon] he & 8 aide-de-camp made _! escape ! bett]4 ,! l&lord1 =tunately = !m1 kept ! secret4 ,! ,g5]al & 8 aide-de-camp escap$ by ! back ( ! h\se1 climb$ ov] "s f5ces1 rea*$ _! horses1 & !n gallop$ (f1 nev] pull+ bridle until !y _h rea*$ _! own foll[]s1 :o1 :5 !y he>d :at _h pass$1 7 a/oni%$ at _! escape1 :i* 0 due alone to ! coolness & c\rage ( ! ,g5]al4 ,sc>cely _h ,*ur* & 8 aide-de-camp dep>t$ :5 ! brig& & 8 foll[]s le>n$ h[ completely !y _h be5 deceiv$1 & at once set (f 9 pursuit2 b !y 7 soon oblig$ to retreat1 be+ !mselves pursu$ by a sup]ior =ce1 f :i* !y n>r[ly escap$ capture2 ! b& 0 aft]w>ds de/roy$4 ,?is is b "o out ( ! num]\s in/ances ( ,*ur*'s extraord9>y adv5tures4 ,9 a %ort "t he extirpat$ brig&ism1 ! prov9ce rega9$ its tranquillity1 & ! p pursu$ _! sev]al employm5ts 9 peace )\t fe> ( mole/ation1 bless+ ! ,g5]al :o _h reliev$ !m f _! oppressors4 ,be+ p>ticul>ly desir\s ( see+ ,br9disi1 f my recollections ( ,horace1 ,i obta9$ an escort ( two dragoons f ,g5]al ,*ur*1 =1 said he1 8,y may meet "s unwelcome visitors on ! way2 b if !y see ! uni=m ( my dragoons !y w n tr\ble y ) _! acqua9tance40 ,br9disi1 :i* ,i ne$ n n[ describe1 /ruck me z be+ an excell5t port on ! :ole1 & n[ t x is made ! t]m9us ( ! railway f ,naples1 :i* connects x ) ! entire railway sy/em ( ,europe1 x w no d\bt become a place ( consid]able importance4 ,i emb>k$ ) ,"l & ,lady ,guild=d & o!rs 9 a ,gov]nm5t vessel1 & rea*$ ,corfu on ! #bg? ,febru>y4 ,! day 0 f9e1 & we 7 mu* /ruck ) ! beauty ( ! surr\nd+ sea & m\nta9s1 toge!r ) ! view ( ! magnific5t inlet =m+ ! h>b\r ( ,corfu1 compris+ z x did ! anci5t & picturesque t[n on ! bold outl9e ( ,/4 ,salvador & ! ri* undulat+ fields4 ,z ?is 0 ! fir/ "t ,i _h se5 any?+ ( ,greece1 ,i p>ticul>ly rem>k$ ! h&some appe>ance ( ! population & _! picturesque co/ume4 ,!re 0 no?+ wor?y ( notice 9 ! t[n except ! old =tifications1 s t ,i det]m9$ to make my /ay z %ort z possible & take ! fir/ conveyance = ,zante1 & f !nce to ! ma9l& ( ,greece4 ,corfu1 hav+ be5 "u s _m diff]5t gov]nm5ts1 p>took 9 "s measure ( ! "* ( all--,turki%1 ,v5etian1 ,russian1 ,fr5*1 ,engli%1 b ! rul+ feature 0 ,greek & ,albanian4 ,our ,gov]nm5t1 urg$ on by t amiable1 excell5t1 & en?usia/ic p]son1 ! late ,"l ,guild=d1 _h det]m9$ to e/abli% an univ]sity at ,zante1 to revive classical le>n+1 & ,"l ,guild=d 0 appo9t$ ,"l ,rector4 ,he 0 an excell5t s*ol> & l+ui/1 & a mo/ good-natur$ p]son2 he 0 any?+ b a man ( ! _w1 & little acqua9t$ ) ! real "* ( ! mod]n ,greeks4 ,sir ,?omas ,maitl&1 ! ,"l ,*ief ,commission] & ,gov]nor ( ! isl&s1 0 a totally diff]5t "*1 & knew ! ,greeks well4 ,he 0 a /]n1 uncompromis+ soldi]1 ) great tal5t1 c\rage1 & firmness1 jo9$ to long exp]i5ce 9 w>1 politics1 & gov]n+ mank9d 9 e "p ( ! _w2 he 0 n to be deceiv$ by plausible appe>ances2 to use 8 own phrase1 he w\ld /& no humbug1 & w\ld make 8 comm&s obey$1 al?\gh he 0 a /rict adm9i/rator ( ju/ice4 ,he treat$ ,"l ,guild=d's plan ) great ridicule4 8,!y 7 clev] & le>n$ en\gh1 b !y _h already a great deal to unle>n2 ! fir/ ?+ 0 to make !m hone/ & ob$i5t to ! law40 ,:5 ,sir ,?omas became ,"l ,*ief ,commission] ( ! ,ionian ,isl&s1 ! population 0 9 a mo/ disorganiz$ /ate2 pillage1 murd]1 & piracy1 7 v common1 & ! malefactors 7 triumphant1 & defi$ ! law4 ,x !re=e requir$ a /rong h& to keep !m 9 ord]1 & ,sir ,?omas 0 j ! man to d x--:i* he did4 ,"u 8 /rict b j rule !y soon became m manageable1 z !y f\nd he w\ld n be trifl$ )4 ,on ! day aft] my arrival ,i left my c>d at ! palace1 & receiv$ an invitation to d9e ) him on ! #bnd ,m>*4 ,i _h tak5 no lett] ( introduction to him1 al?\gh he knew my fa!r2 b ,i _h previ\sly he>d t he dislik$ no?+ s mu* z lett]s ( introduction1 & seldom paid !m any respect1 ev5 :5 com+ f ! highe/ qu>t]s4 ,i accord+ly made my appe>ance at ! palace punctually at ! "t appo9t$1 & soon aft] a brilliant assemblage 0 collect$1 9 full co/ume1 all wait+ = ! ,gov]nor4 ,he %ortly aft] appe>$ 9 full uni=m1 cov]$ ) ord]s4 ,he 0 a r f9e-look+ man1 ab\t sixty-five1 ( ! middle size1 ) a /rong1 squ>e1 well-built1 well-proportion$1 figure4 ,8 c\nt5ance & spee* betray$ 8 ,scot* orig92 & 8 l>ge blui%-grey eyes %ad$ by %aggy eyebr[s1 8 well develop$ nose1 & compress$ m\?1 ev9c$ a decid$ /r5g? ( w4 ,8 spee* 0 t]se & blunt1 b ) a /range mixture ( k9dness & sev]ity1 & altoge!r he 0 evid5tly made to comm& & be respect$4 ,i kept 9 ! backgr\nd1 b he came up to me1 & 9 8 dry ,scot* mann] said1 8,i suppose y are ,mr4 ,r5nie2 & pray1 sir1 may ,i ask :at br\ght y to ?is c\ntry80 8,to /udy ! antiquities ( anci5t ,greece40 ,he at once repli$1 ) a c]ta9 degree ( vehem5ce1 8,a pack ( nons5se2 gang awa' back to y\r wor?y fa!r 9 ,engl&1 he w tea* y m 9 two days ?an ye w le>n "h 9 all y\r life40 ,!n1 %ak+ me v cordially by ! h&1 he said1 8,b ,i am v glad to see y1 & if ,i c d any?+ = y ,i %all be v happy1 = y\r gude fa!r's sake40 ,d9n] 0 !n ann\nc$1 & a capital d9n] we _h1 ,sir ,?omas mak+ himself v agreeable1 & crack+ 8 ,scot* jokes "r & left ) a great deal ( glee4 ,i sat ne>ly at ! bottom ( ! table1 & imm$iately opposite to me 0 ,colonel ,napi]1 aft]w>ds ! celebrat$ ,sir ,*>les ,napi] ( ,sc9de4 ,i 0 mu* /ruck ) 8 c\nt5ance2 8 ke5 pi]c+ eyes1 8 prom95t aquil9e nose1 & 8 re/less1 quiv]+ lips1 m>k$ him out z a man ( great "*4 ,i said to myself1 if opportunity (f]s1 t man w mu* di/+ui% himself h]eaft]1 & "t has %[n t ,i 0 n mi/ak54 ,sir ,?omas is report$ to h said1 8,napi] is a great ,radical1 & a fri5d to lib]ty & equality2 he has consid]able tal5ts1 & ,i w give him an opportunity ( %[+ himself1 & ,i w wag] t be=e six mon?s are ov] !re w be a petition to ! ,h\se ( ,commons aga9/ him = tyranny & oppression ( ! p40 ,sir ,?omas 0 a true prophet2 he made ,colonel ,napi] ,gov]nor ( ! isl& ( ,cephalonia2 a mo/ tr\blesome set he _h to deal )1 & he 0 oblig$ to use h>% measures to br+ !m "u control2 true en\gh a petition 0 got up by ! inhabitants ( ! isl& compla9+ ( him = 8 sev]ity & cruelty1 & reque/+ ! ,gov]nm5t to remove him f 8 comm&4 ,:5 ,sir ,?omas he>d ( ?is he laugh$ he>tily1 & said1 to 8 /aff1 8,did n ,i tell y s8 ! ,radicals1 h[ev] mu* !y may prea* ab\t lib]ty & equality1 are always ! greate/ tyrants40 ,sir ,?omas 0 held 9 high respect at head-qu>t]s1 & :5ev] he w5t to ,engl& & ask$ = in/ructions at ! ,colonial ,(fice1 0 told to write !m = himself1 z ! ,gov]nm5t _h entire confid5ce 9 him4 ,i "h made ! acqua9tance ( ,capta9 ,smy?1 ( ! ,navy1 & 8 amiable & accompli%$ wife4 ,capta9 ,smy? 0 !n employ$ 9 mak+ a survey ( ! ,ionian ,isl&s = ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds publi%$2 & c]ta9ly = elaborat5ess ( detail & complet5ess ( execution x has seldom be5 surpass$4 ,e plate is ornam5t$ ) a view ( ! ar*itectural rema9s ( ! mo/ rem>kable build+s 9 ! di/rict1 & also views ( ! coa/1 :i* 7 drawn by ,mrs4 ,smy? ) great ta/e1 beauty1 & fidelity1 & =m an important feature 9 ?is great "w4 ,capta9 7aft]w>ds ,admiral7 ,smy? 0 a man ( consid]able sci5tific acquirem5ts2 & aft] hav+ be5 mo/ actively employ$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! _w 7always ) di/9ction71 he retir$ to ,b$=d1 :]e he erect$ an obs]vatory1 & publi%$ 8 celebrat$ a/ronomical obs]vations1 :i*1 9 addition to 8 public s]vice1 entitle him to a high place among lit]>y1 sci5tific1 & pr(essional m54 ,he 0 ( a mo/ amiable & jovial disposition1 ev] ready = fun & amusem5t :5ev] !y did n int]f]e ) 8 duties2 he 01 moreov]1 always ready to s]ve a fri5d1 & 0 univ]sally belov$ & respect$ by 8 num]\s acqua9tance4 ,= myself1 ,i reg>d$ him z a valuable & s9c]e fri5d1 ^: loss ,i aft]w>ds mo/ deeply regrett$4 ,c\nt ,lunzi1 "o ( ! ,greek nobles1 a mo/ agreeable & tal5t$ "y man1 & a l>ge proprietor on ! isl&1 :o _h travell$ ) u1 invit$ me to 8 c\ntry h\se1 & ,i set (f ) my fri5d ! ,*evali] ,bron/$ to pay him a visit on ! foll[+ day1 ! #aj? ,febru>y4 ,we />t$ on horseback on a f9e day1 & aft] rid+ ?r\gh a ri*1 level pla9 = ab\t t5 miles1 we rea*$ ! volcanic pit*-wells1 & on our return f\nd ,c\nt ,lunzi await+ our arrival at 8 ,villa ,s>a*9a4 ,he receiv$ u mo/ cordially1 & conduct$ u into ! h\se1 & we 7 introduc$ to 8 family1 by :om we 7 mo/ hospitably ent]ta9$4 ,we !n took a k9d f>ewell ( our ho/ at #e ,p4,m41 m\nt$ our horses1 & proce$$ homew>ds4 ,at fir/ we rode along leisurely1 & gradually quick5$ our pace2 at la/ we got into a full gallop4 ,my horse1 :i* 0 little bett] ?an a pony1 al?\gh a v h&some1 /rong1 well-made animal1 by ?is "t became s excit$ t he fairly got ! bett] ( me1 & proce$$ at a furi\s rate1 s t ,i lo/ all control ov] him4 ,away he w5t helt]-skelt] ov] l& & wat]1 driv+ all be=e him4 ,9 va9 ,i attempt$ to /op him4 ,at la/1 f9d+ x useless1 ,i let him h 8 way2 & arriv+ at ! bay ( ,zante1 he made direct = ! sea4 ,i all[$ him to proce$ until he began to swim2 !n1 f9d+ he 0 9 no disposition to return1 ,i dism\nt$1 & p>tly swam1 p>tly wad$ a%ore1 :]e ,i await$ 8 return2 he soon got tir$ ( swimm+1 & came to l&4 ,i !n caught him1 & m\nt$1 & return$ to ,zante4 ,my fri5d ,bron/$1 :o 0 completely di/anc$1 jo9$ me z ,i rem\nt$1 & we rode back toge!r4 ,z we ent]$ ! t[n ,i saw a numb] ( soldi]s look+ on & laugh+2 ,i did n "k :y4 ,b x appe>$ t ?is pony 0 not$ ?r\gh\t ! place = 8 tricks1 & !y wond]$ h[1 aft] v5tur+ ^u 8 back 7:i* ,i c]ta9ly %\ld n h done if ,i _h kn[n 8 vici\s "*71 ,i _h come back safe & s\nd4 ,h[ev]1 ,i _h puni%$ him pretty well1 & he became quiet] aft]w>ds4 ,we _h a he>ty laugh at ! adv5ture2 &1 be+ ?or\ghly dr5*$ to ! sk91 ,i *ang$ my clo!s1 & jo9$ ,sir ,patrick ,ross's d9n]-p>ty1 :5 aga9 ev]ybody laugh$ at me1 & congratulat$ me ^u my happy escape4 ,be=e quitt+ ?is subject ,i _c help say+ a few words ab\t my fri5d ,bron/$1 ! ,dane4 ,he 0 a mo/ excell5t p]son1 & a fir/-rate s*ol> & antiqu>y1 well kn[n = 8 rese>*es4 ,he _h acquir$ "s mo/ valuable bronzes1 be+ portions ( helmets f\nd at ,cortona1 ( :i* he publi%$ an elaborate acc\nt4 ,! figures & o!r ornam5ts are mo/ elaborate 9 design & execution2 9 fact1 !y are ma/]pieces ( art1 & 7 aft]w>ds b\ght by ! ,briti% ,museum 7= a consid]able sum71 :]e1 ,i believe1 !y /ill rema94 ,i made sev]al o!r excursions to v>i\s p>ts ( ! isl&2 among/ o!rs1 to ! top ( ! m\nta9 :i* =ms ! s\?-we/ promontory ( ! bay4 ,! summit rises f> above ! ,m$it]ranean1 & ! view f x is magnific5t1 comm&+ ! :ole ( ! beautiful isl&1 :i* lies at its base l a ri* g>d51 & "s o!r isl&s & adjac5t coa/s4 ,! inhabitants are a good-look+1 active1 & indu/ri\s race1 b1 l _! neighb\rs1 incl9$ to be v turbul5t1 & require to be kept 9 ord] by ! /rong arm ( ! law4 ,:ile "h1 j at ! equ9ox1 we _h1 z usual1 "s v sev]e /orms2 & "o night ,i 0 r\s$ f my sleep ) a viol5t %ak+ ( ! b$1 :i* la/$ sev]al seconds4 ,x 0 at ! same "t ra9+ trem5d\sly1 & bl[+ v h>d1 accompani$ by viol5t ?und] & lightn+4 ,i jump$ out ( b$1 n kn[+ :at x 02 ! h\se trembl$1 & ,i ?\ght x 0 com+ d[n4 ,! o!r inmates 7 also al>m$4 ,aft] wait+ anxi\sly = "s "t ! /orm abat$4 ,i w5t to b$ aga91 & slept s\ndly until morn+1 & !n inquir$ ( ! l&lord ! cause1 :5 he in=m$ me t x 0 ! %ock ( an e>?quake1 :i* !y frequ5tly felt 9 ! isl&2 & on ! foll[+ day we le>n$ t ! same e>?quake _h be5 mo/ sev]ely felt at ! neighb\r+ isl& ( ,santa ,maura1 t _m h\ses _h be5 ?r[n d[n1 & a numb] ( ! un=tunate inhabitants de/roy$4 ,i _h frequ5tly be5 told by p]sons :o _h liv$ 9 volcanic c\ntries ( ! extraord9>y s5sation produc$ by e>?quakes on ! human frame1 b until ,i _h exp]i5c$ x ,i nev] c\ld appreciate its effects2 c]ta9ly !y are mo/ rem>kable2 ! :ole n]v\s sy/em is convuls$1 & "o fancies t ! la/ h\r has arriv$1 s t x takes "s "t be=e ! sy/em recov]s its usual tone4 ,i c]ta9ly %\ld n wi% to exp]i5ce ano!r %ock1 & 0 extremely happy to h escap$ ) no?+ m ?an a %ak+ & a sev]e fright4 ,hav+ n[ sp5t f\rte5 days v agreeably1 be+ mo/ k9dly ent]ta9$ by ! ,gov]nor1 ,sir ,patrick ,ross1 ! (fic]s ( ! #ge?1 & o!rs1 & hav+ se5 en\gh ( ,zante1 ,i 0 anxi\s to proce$ on my j\rney1 only wait+ = a vessel to take me to ,greece1 :5 =tunately ,i he>d t an ,engli% m]cantile brig1 comm&$ by ,capta9 ,burgess1 a r\gh old ,scot*man1 0 ab\t to sail = ,patras1 s ,i at once took my leave ( ,sir ,patrick ,ross1 8 family1 & all my o!r k9d fri5ds1 pack$ up my baggage1 emb>k$ at #c ,p4,m4 on ! #bcrd ,m>*1 & bade adieu to ,zante4 ,aft] a pleasant passage1 b r\gh accommodation1 we arriv$ at ! entrance to ! ,gulf ( ,cor9?1 & an*or$ 9 ! road/ead ab\t a mile f ! %ore4 ,i paid my passage1 l&$1 proce$$ up to ! t[n1 call$ ^u ,mr4 ,gre51 ! ,consul1 & soon f\nd tol]ably com=table qu>t]s 9 a ,greek h\se1 b ! b$s 7 sadly infe/$ ) bugs1 :i* annoy$ me mu*4 ,be=e leav+ ,zante1 ,i ought to say t ,i "h engag$ a ,greek1 :o _h be5 well recomm5d$ to me4 ,8 "n 0 ,demetrius ,pap&riopolo4 ,he 0 ab\t ?irty-five1 ( ! middle size1 %>p1 active1 sob]1 intellig5t1 & hone/1 & s]v$ me fai?fully ?r\gh ! great] "p ( my j\rney1 = above twelve mon?s1 until ,i return$ to ,malta on my way back to ,engl&4 ,i f\nd him a mo/ valuable s]vant1 & he r5d]$ me ! mo/ ess5tial s]vices4 ,patras 0 !n a trad+ t[n ( "s importance1 9 fact1 ! pr9cipal "o 9 ! ,morea1 & x conta9$ a consid]able numb] ( inhabitants1 almo/ :olly ,greeks1 )\t includ+ ! ,turki% g>rison4 ,x is situat$ on a hill ab\t a qu>t] ( a mile f ! gulf ( ! same "n1 :]e !re is a small rubble jetty = boats to l& _! goods1 c4 ,! road/ead outside is safe & well protect$4 ,! t[n is surr\nd$ by a ri*1 f]tile pla91 well cultivat$ ) olives1 v9es1 & currants4 ,! entrance to ! ,gulf ( ,cor9? is protect$ by two old ca/les1 ! di/ance betwe5 !m be+ ab\t a mile & a half2 & ?ree miles ea/ is ! mod]n t[n ( ,lepanto 7x 0 =m]ly ! anci5t ,naupactus71 celebrat$ = ! victory ov] ! ,turks by ,john ( ,au/ria2 x conta9s #bjjj s\ls2 ! surr\nd+ views are v f9e4 ,! t[n 0 "u ! comm& ( a ,turki% ,gov]nor1 & is situat$ ^u ! side ( a hill ris+ to ! ea/1 encompass$ by a rude wall & dit*1 & cr[n$ at ! summit by a citadel1 9 :i* ! ,gov]nor & ! g>rison resid$4 ,besides ! citadel !re 7 no rem>kable build+s ( any k9d3 ! /reets 7 n>r[ & dirty4 ,!re 7 a few mosques int]sp]s$ "h & !re1 ^: graceful m9>ets1 ris+ above ! mass1 gave ! place a mo/ picturesque appe>ance4 ,! t[n conta9$ num]\s baza>s1 :]e all ! trade ( ! place 0 c>ri$ on1 & ! neighb\rhood ( ! ma9 /reet 0 fill$ ) cafs1 cr[d$ ) ,greeks1 ,turks1 ,ionians1 ,fr5*1 ,engli%1 & v>i\s o!r nations1 all smok+ _! long pipes1 dr9k+ c(fee1 %]bet1 & v>i\s o!r liquors1 app>5tly 9 great com=t4 ,! ,turk1 z "l supreme1 mov$ leisurely ab\t ) ! mo/ solemn dignity1 hav+ ! greate/ contempt = 8 neighb\rs1 & e n[ & !n1 z a ,*ri/ian pass$ by1 he greet$ him ) a l(ty sc[l1 z if he consid]$ him unwor?y ( notice1 utt]+ ! simple ^w ,gia\r6 & pass$ on )\t fur!r c]emony4 ,i frequ5tly w&]$ among/ ! baza>s1 !n to me a p]fectly novel sight1 & 0 mu* amus$ ) ! gravity & solemn dignity ) :i* ! ,turks sat cross-legg$ beh9d _! c\nt]s2 if y ask$ = any ( _! w>es1 !y quietly1 ) a monosyllable1 ord]$ _! assi/ant to %[ x to y1 z if !y consid]$ x a fav\r4 ,?is 0 s diff]5t to :at ,i _h be5 accu/om$ to 9 ! civil1 well-br$ %opkeep]s 9 ,europe1 t ,i c\ld n help laugh+ outright1 :i* ,i soon f\nd w\ld n d1 z x gave great (f5ce4 ,"o morn+1 :il/ walk+ along ! %ore 9 front ( ! road/ead1 :om %\ld ,i /umble ^u b my old fri5d ,capta9 ,smy?1 :o _h come to ,patras on a survey+ exp$ition 9 "o ( ! small auxili>y boats atta*$ to 8 l>g] vessel1 :i* lay at an*or 9 ! road/ead4 ,?is auxili>y boat1 al?\gh small1 0 fitt$ up ) e conv5i5ce = ! purpose1 & adapt$ to ent] %oal wat]1 9 ord] to complete ! details ( ! survey4 ,9 ?is he 0 accompani$ by "o or two assi/ants1 & a few m5 to "w x1 s t he c\ld be abs5t f 8 %ip = sev]al days )\t inconv5i5ce4 ,capta9 ,smy? 0 delight$ to see me1 & ask$ me to d9e ) him on bo>d 8 boat1 & ,i agre$ to1 ) great pleasure4 ,i accord+ly w5t !re at ! "t appo9t$1 & among/ ! gue/s met ,capta9 ,hunt] & 8 wife1 & our wor?y ,consul 7,mr4 ,gre574 ,we _h a mo/ cordial welcome & an excell5t d9n]1 & aft]w>ds pass$ a delightful ev5+4 ,t[>ds sunset we adj\rn$ to ! bea* 9 ord] to take ices1 :i* we got f ! t[n1 & enjoy ourselves by smok+ our cig>s4 ,:il/ we 7 ?us happily seat$1 laugh+ & talk+ toge!r1 we 7 surr\nd$ by num]\s ,greeks f ! t[n1 among/ :om 7 sev]al ,turki% soldi]s1 arm$ to ! tee?1 & c>ry+ _! long pipes1 :i* !y nev] ab&on$ = a mom5t4 ,! jolly old ,capta9 said1 8,n[ ,i w a/oni% ^! fell[s10 & imm$iately dispat*$ "o ( 8 (fic]s = 8 sev5-b>rell$ pi/ol1 :i* 0 br\ght1 & duly load$4 ,he !n told 8 int]pret] to in=m ! ,turks t ?is 0 a pi/ol :i* he c\ld dis*>ge z _m times z he lik$ )\t reload+4 ,! ,turks held up _! h&s 9 a/oni%m5t1 exclaim$ 8,9 ,%allah60 & ) a scornful look at u1 said su* a ?+ 0 n possible4 ,smy?1 h[ev]1 at once rose f 8 seat1 delib]ately dis*>g+ 8 pi/ol "o1 two1 ?ree1 f\r1 five1 & six times1 to ! utt] amazem5t ( ! ,turks1 :o c\ld sc>cely believe :at !y saw4 ,he !n1 ) ! utmo/ coolness1 ask$ :e!r !y 7 conv9c$1 to :i* !y all repli$1 ) ! exclamation ( 8,9 ,%allah60 p]fectly s4 ,smy? !n (f]$ !m c(fee & ices1 ( :i* !y readily p>took1 &1 aft] a he>ty salutation & %ak+ ( h&s1 !y return$ to ! t[n1 say+ :at wond]ful p ^! ,+leses are4 ,?is pi/ol resembl$ ! mod]n ,colt revolv]1 al?\gh diff]+ 9 "s p>ticul>s4 ,be=e leav+ ,i visit$ ! celebrat$ cypress tree1 ?ree miles to we/w>d4 ,its base is ab\t #dj feet 9 circumf]5ce1 & x is #ce to #dj feet high1 ! upp] "p hav+ be5 bl[n (f dur+ a gale4 ,i also visit$ ,/4 ,&rea1 :]e 7 ! rema9s ( ! well & "s fragm5ts ( sculpture4 ,i took leave ( my excell5t & tal5t$ fri5d1 ! ,capta91 & det]m9$ to />t ! next day1 ! #bg? ( ,m>*4 ,^u return+ to my qu>t]s at ,patras1 ,i 0 in=m$ t !re 0 a ,fr5* g5tleman ( ! "n ( ,prevot1 an arti/1 :o 0 ab\t proce$+ to ,a!ns to make a panoramic view ( t city1 & 0 desir\s ( kn[+ :e!r ,i w\ld all[ him to accompany me4 ,f9d+ him a v agreeable p]son1 & hav+ be5 introduc$ by ,mr4 ,gre51 & be+ glad ( a companion ^u my lonely & novel j\rney1 ,i will+ly cons5t$ to 8 jo9+ me4 ,hav+ got all my baggage on bo>d1 att5d$ by my s]vant ,demetrius1 we />t$ e>ly on ! foll[+ morn+1 ! #bg?1 at sev54 ,! day 0 un=tunately v r\gh1 ) viol5t gu/s ( w9d1 heavy ra91 accompani$ by ?und] & lightn+2 not)/&+ :i* we />t$ on our j\rney1 & :5 we got into ! gulf !re 0 a heavy swell 7:i* ?reat5$ at times to ov]:elm ! boat & all 9 x71 ) baffl+ w9ds1 :i* mat]ially ret>d$ our progress4 ,we /ruggl$ on all day3 at la/ our boatm5 said t x 0 impossible to proce$ f>!r2 we !re=e det]m9$ to run a%ore1 & f9i% our j\rney ! next day4 ,we accord+ly did s1 & l&$ 9 a small bay1 ! only safe "o on ! s\? side1 ne> ,vo/izza1 at ab\t f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 two h\rs be=e sunset4 ,!n came ! "q1 :]e 7 we to sleep8 ,vo/izza 0 ab\t "o or two miles di/ant1 & !re 7 no means ( transport+ our baggage !re2 & to leave x 9 ! boat 0 to expose x to be+ plund]$1 z ! boatm5 said !y w\ld n be responsible = x1 9 consequ5ce ( ! num]\s bad *>act]s lurk+ ab\t1 pirates1 robb]s1 c4 ,z !re 0 no possibility ( gett+ our ?+s to ,vo/izza1 & !re 7 ! rema9s ( a conv5t 7:i* _h be5 ru9$ by an e>?quake7 close by on ! %ore1 on a cliff ab\t #ej feet above ! gulf1 ,i propos$ at once t we %\ld place our ?+s !re1 & sleep1 to :i* my companion1 :o 0 v tir$ & sick ( ! voyage1 readily cons5t$4 ,we got ! boatm5 to l& ! ?+s1 & place !m 9 ! conv5t2 b :5 we got !re1 to our great surprise & mortification1 f\nd t x 0 un9habit$ & half 9 ru9s4 ,!re 0 no alt]native1 h[ev]1 z !re 0 no o!r build+ ne> u2 s we made ! be/ ( x1 & prep>$ to pass ! night !re4 ,we w5t up/airs1 explor$ ! ru9$ build+ all ov]1 & at l5g? we discov]$ "o l>ge room tol]ably p]fect1 & capable ( keep+ out ! ra94 ,?is we *ose = our night's qu>t]s1 plac$ ! baggage 9 ord]1 & !n comm5c$ to prep>e our supp]4 ,^u exam9+ our provisions1 su* z we _h1 we f\nd !m consid]ably damag$ by ! wet & unfit = use4 ,i !n decid$ t ,demetrius & myself %\ld g to ! baza> ( ,vo/izza1 & pur*ase :at we c\ld get1 :il/ we left ,m4 ,prevot 9 *>ge 9 ! conv5t2 & ,i gave ! boatm5 "s money on acc\nt to provide !mselves = ! night :]e !y c\ld3 ! boat1 ev]y?+ hav+ be5 tak5 out1 0 firmly moor$ to ! %ore4 ,demetrius & myself w5t to ,vo/izza1 & return$ to ! conv5t j aft] d>k1 lad5 ) a bag well furni%$ ) w9e & provisions1 ! be/ we c\ld get1 & imm$iately set ab\t prep>+ our mattresses = b$s1 & light+ a good fire to cook ! supp]4 ,demetrius 0 a capital cook1 & ab\t n9e o'clock _h got ready an excell5t repa/4 ,hav+ _h sc>cely any?+ all day1 & be+ mis]ably wet & cold1 aft] hav+ wa%$1 & dress$ 9 dry ?+s1 ) a ro>+ wood fire be=e u1 we enjoy$ our supp] excessively1 =got all discom=ts1 & ab\t elev5 lay d[n ^u our mattresses = ! night4 ,be=e do+ ?is1 w>n$ by :at our boatm5 told u ( ! insecurity ( ! place1 we fa/5$ ! door ( our room z well z we c\ld ) an ,engli% padlock1 & plac$ our heavy baggage & ! table aga9/ ! door1 exam9$ ! prim+ ( our pi/ols1 :i* 7 well load$1 & lay d[n to sleep4 ,my mattress 0 plac$ imm$iately opposite to ! door1 ,demetrius 0 9 ! o!r corn]1 & ,m4 ,prevot ne> ! fireplace1 ) an und]/&+ betwe5 u t if any noise occurr$ dur+ ! night we 7 n to leave our b]?s1 = fe> ( mi/ak+ ea* o!r = an enemy4 ,we slept tol]ably s\nd until ab\t two o'clock 9 ! morn+1 :5 ,i awoke & ?\ght ,i he>d ! movem5t ( foot/eps on ! l&+ outside our door4 ,we _h kept a light burn+ all night4 ,i li/5$ aga9 att5tively1 & ?\ght ,i he>d voices outside1 !n some?+ l a pu% aga9/ ! door4 ,i awak5$ my companions1 & told !m to be ready ) pi/ols1 b n to fire until we 7 attack$1 & !n if possible to keep our positions4 ,i _h sc>cely done ?is :5 a viol5t attack 0 made aga9/ ! door1 :i* 9 a mom5t 0 bur/ 91 ! table1 portmanteaus1 c41 be+ hurl$ into ! middle ( ! room2 ?is 0 imm$iately foll[$ by a ru% ( sev]al arm$ m54 ,i in/antly fir$ into ! mid/ ( !m1 ,demetrius second$ me by ano!r %ot1 & ,i repeat$ m9e4 ,we !n he>d a %riek z if somebody 0 w\nd$1 & ! :ole ( our assailants precipitately beat a retreat1 scamp]+ d[n ! /airs z rapidly z possible4 ,i reload$1 & we jump$ up1 ru%$ to ! /air-head1 & 7 go+ to foll[ !m1 b ^u second ?\ghts we consid]$ x be/ to rema9 :]e we 74 ,we !n secur$ ! door aga9 & tri$ to sleep1 b 9 va92 we !re=e lay wat*+ until daylight1 :5 our boatm5 call$ u1 & we prep>$ to dep>t1 rejoic+ he>tily at our lucky escape f be+ robb$ & murd]$1 z we assur$ly %\ld h be5 if we _h n be5 arm$ & def5d$ ourselves s /\tly4 ,be=e leav+1 we exam9$ ! l&+ & /airs1 & discov]$ "s traces ( blood1 s t "s "o mu/ h be5 w\nd$4 ,our boatm5 told u t we _h a v n>r[ escape2 !y said t !y w\ld n h slept !re1 & inde$ told u be=e t we _h bett] n1 z !re 7 num]\s pirates & rascals 9 ! vic9ity1 :o waylaid all travell]s1 & seldom all[$ !m to escape ev5 ) _! lives4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+1 :i* 0 v f9e aft] ! /orm1 we set sail ) a fair w9d1 & bid adieu to ,vo/izza1 ) a remembrance ( its inhospitable %ore n likely to be soon =gott54 ,we _h a delightful voyage1 & enjoy$ ! beautiful m\nta9 sc5]y on bo? sides ( ! gulf ) mu* satisfaction1 & rea*$ ! cu/om-h\se ( ,cor9?1 ?ree miles f ! t[n1 be=e ! close ( ! day4 ,we !n dis*>g$ our boatm51 & f9d+ no horses1 7 oblig$ to /op at ?is na/y1 wret*$ place1 & pass$ a mo/ mis]able night4 ,next morn+1 ! #bi?1 hav+ got horses1 we />t$ at eight & rea*$ ! c>avans]ai at ,cor9? at n9e1 & hav+ breakfa/$ & dress$1 call$ ^u ! ,bey1 :o receiv$ u v civilly4 ,we w&]$ ab\t all day exam9+ ! place & its antiquities4 ,i arose e>ly 9 ! morn+1 awak5$ by ! ,muezz9 z he 0 call+ ! fai?ful to pray]s f ! gall]ies ( ! m9>ets atta*$ to ! mosques4 ,i _h n he>d ?is at ,patras1 hav+ slept too late1 & !re=e x appe>$ to me = ! fir/ "t mo/ novel & s+ul>4 ,i li/5$ to x ) peculi> int]e/1 z ! contra/ 0 s diff]5t to our own1 :]e ?is (fice is p]=m$ by bells4 ,on ! same day1 aft] breakfa/1 ,i exam9$ ! t[n1 a poor mis]able place dom9e]$ ov] by ! ,turks1 ) no trade1 & ! wond] 0 h[ ! p liv$4 ,!re 0 no?+ wor?y ( exam9ation except ! beautiful rema9s ( ! ,temple ( ,v5us1 ( ! simple1 sev]e1 yet comm&+ ,doric ord]4 ,a few columns only 7 left1 surm\nt$ by ! cornice & entablature2 ^! h be5 s (t5 measur$ & engrav$1 t x is unnecess>y to say m ab\t !m "h1 except t !y are em95tly beautiful1 & an excell5t specim5 ( t bold & expressive /yle ( ar*itecture4 ,i 0 anxi\s to m\nt ! ,acropolis1 cr[n$ by an old =t & g>rison$ by ,turks1 b ?is 0 n p]mitt$3 ,i regrett$ x mu*1 =1 seat$ z x is on a comm&+ em95ce1 eighte5 hundr$ feet above ! level ( ! adjo9+ gulf1 ! view ov] ! sea & ! f9e m\nta9\s surr\nd+ c\ntry mu/ be magnific5t2 b ! ,turks 9 ^? days 7 s pr\d1 insol5t1 & dom9e]+1 t ! sight ( a ,*ri/ian 0 an abhorr5ce to !m1 & "o 0 glad to get out ( _! way1 al?\gh ev5 !n !y _h consid]able respect = ! ,engli%1 m inde$ ?an any o!r nation2 = we _h sav$ !m f ! ,fr5* & _h protect$ !m aga9/ ! encroa*m5t ( ! ,russians1 :o _h already begun to be v tr\blesome4 ,hav+ no?+ fur!r to see1 we 7 anxi\s to get away z e>ly z possible4 ,!re 7 two r\tes to ,a!ns1 to :i* we 7 de/9$1 "o entirely by l& ov] ! i/hmus1 ! o!r by sea1 aft] cross+ ! six miles ( i/hmus :i* sep>ates ! ,cor9?ian ,gulf f ! gean ,sea4 ,we det]m9$ !re=e to take ! latt]1 & on ! #cj? ,m>*1 hav+ engag$ ! necess>y numb] ( horses1 & load$ !m aft] a consid]able wrangl+ & noise ) _! keep]s1 />t$ at #a ,p4,m4 = ,recrees ,c5]es1 on ! bord]s ( ! gean ,sea4 ,at #c ,p4,m41 9 cross+ ! i/hmus1 we came ^u ! rema9s ( ! wall said to h be5 built by ! ,v5etians = prev5t+ ! incursions ( ! ,turks into ! ,morea4 ,"h we dism\nt$1 & engag$ "o ( ! boats ( ! c\ntry & emb>k$4 ,h[ev]1 z !re 0 little or no w9d1 we 7 out all night1 & did n rea* ! ,piru be=e f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon ( ! #ca/4 ,?is is a f9e natural port1 b ! t[n 0 !n a mis]able place1 surr\nd$ by a few wret*$ build+s1 at ! head ( :i* 0 a ,turki% cu/om-h\se1 :]e ! au?orities at fir/ made consid]able opposition to our l&+4 ,h[ev]1 ,i soon sil5c$ !m ) a respectable back%i%1 or pres5t1 :5 !y became z civil z possible1 & n only all[$ u to l& ) our baggage1 b did n subject u to any exam9ation2 we !re=e at once inquir$ = horses to take u to ,a!ns1 b f9d+ none to be _h1 7 oblig$ to rema9 t night 9 a wret*$ pla/]$ room at ! cu/om-h\se4 ,next day1 #a/ ,april1 hav+ got horses1 we />t$ at six1 ) no end ( wrangl+ ) mulete]s1 :i* ! ,turks soon sil5c$ by lay+ ab\t "r & left1 to our great amusem5t4 ,i at once int]f]$1 & rew>d$ ! ,turks ) ano!r back%i%1 :5 !y he>tily salut$ me1 & we />t$ )\t fur!r mole/ation1 & rea*$ ,a!ns1 six miles di/ant1 ov] a mis]able road1 )9 an h\r & a half1 at half-pa/ sev5 o'clock4 ,!re 7 !n no hotels1 s we took up our qu>t]s at ! h\se ( a respectable ,greek1 ,toagrafos1 ) b poor accommodation4 ,i by ?is "t _h become s accu/om$ to bad f>e & lodg+ t ,i did n m9d x1 b my fri5d1 ! ,fr5* arti/1 0 n s easily satisfi$2 we !re=e p>t$1 & he endeav\r$ to f9d bett] ap>tm5ts else:]e4 ,i nev] met him aga91 & consequ5tly d n "k h[ he succe$$ ) 8 panorama1 or :e!r he ev] complet$ x1 b ,i he>d t ab\t a ye> aft]w>ds a panorama ( ,greece _h be5 exhibit$ at ,p>is ) consid]able success4 ,i hop$ t x 0 t ( my fri5d1 = he appe>$ to be an excell5t p]son1 & 0 c]ta9ly a v pleasant companion1 ) all ! *>act]i/ic ard\r & en?usiasm ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,he _h nev] be5 out ( ,france be=e1 & !re=e felt ! dsagrm5ts ( ! j\rney a great deal m ?an ,i did2 nev]!less1 by ! "t he rea*$ ,a!ns he _h become tol]ably well accu/om$ to x1 &1 ) ! usual ,fr5* sang froid1 made up 8 m9d to x1 & enjoy$ ! j\rney z mu* z myself4 ,we arriv$ at ,a!ns on ,friday1 ! #a/ ,april1 9 ! mid/ ( spr+2 ! wea!r 0 delightful1 ! sun %9+ brightly1 ! sky cl\dless1 ! vegetation bur/+ into full luxuriance1 ! pla9 & m\nta9s cov]$ ) fl[]s & %rubs ( ! mo/ brilliant & v>i$ hues4 ,nature seem$ to be 9 all h] glory1 & man to sympa?ize ) h]4 ,i 0 9 mo/ exub]ant spirits1 & 0 pleas$ ) ev]y?+ ar\nd me4 ,! beauty ( ! c\ntry1 & ! v idea t ,i 0 9 ,a!ns1 :i* f my boyhood ,i 0 mo/ anxi\s to see1 & :i* ,i sc>cely ev] expect$ to behold1 ar\s$ me to su* a pit* ( en?usiasm t ,i c\ld sc>cely believe my eyes2 :i* 0 n extraord9>y1 consid]+ ! brilliant & memorable sc5e :i* bur/ ^u my sight1 & by :i* ,i 0 surr\nd$4 ,i soon salli$ =? aga91 call$ ^u ! ,engli% & ,au/rian consuls & deliv]$ my lett]s1 & hurri$ ab\t all day1 tak+ a ha/y view ( ! ,p>!non1 ! ,temple ( ,!seus1 ,jupit] ,olympus1 & ! ,temple ( ! ,w9ds1 :i* ,i admir$ excessively2 !n1 ?or\ghly tir$ & exhau/$1 ,i return$ to my lodg+s1 took a ha/y supp] & w5t to b$1 dream+ ( ! glories ( anci5t ,greece4 ,aft] breakfa/ ,i w5t out1 & at once made my way to ! ,acropolis1 :]e ! glori\s ,p>!non /ood out prom95tly4 ,i 0 rivet$ to ! spot ) admiration1 & c\ld g no f>!r4 ,at la/ ,i came to myself1 & f\nd ! scor*+ rays ( ! sun r m ?an agreeable4 ,i !n return$ to my qu>t]s1 d9$1 repos$ dur+ ! heat ( ! day1 & t[>ds ev5+ ,i aga9 salli$ =?1 & enjoy$ a magnific5t sunset1 su* z ,i _h be5 totally unaccu/om$ to 9 our frigid climate ( ,engl&4 ,i aga9 w5t to ! ,acropolis ! foll[+ day1 & !re enjoy$ ! spl5did sc5e4 ,! ,acropolis is a deta*$ rock1 /&+ high above ! pla9 or valley on :i* ,a!ns is situat$2 ^u ?is rock is ! citadel1 :]e ! ,p>!non1 ! ,ere*!um1 & all ! o!r pr9cipal build+s are plac$1 & 9 addition to ?is x is a citadel or =tress1 :]e1 9 case ( attack1 & ! city bel[ be+ tak51 ! ,acropolis w\ld =m a refuge = ! g>rison & ! inhabitants4 ,f ! summit y comm& a view ( ! c\ntry all ar\nd3 on ! nor? ,m\nt ,olympus & ! ,p9dus range ( m\nta9s2 on ! s\? ! ,m$it]ranean1 ! isl& ( ,syra1 & sev]al o!rs2 on ! ea/ ! pla9 ( ,a!ns1 flank$ by ,m\nt ,hymettus1 & ,m\nt ,hybla on ! nor?2 on ! we/ ! ,piru1 ! gean ,sea1 & ! m\nta9s ( ! ,peloponnesus or ,morea2 9 fact1 :i*ev] way y look1 ! view is delightful1 & y are satisfi$4 ,i at once remov$ into a new lodg+ 9 a ,greek h\se1 :i* appe>$ tol]ably clean & com=table b z usual ,i f\nd x full ( fleas1 :i* torm5t$ me day & night4 ,h[ev]1 :5 ,i w5t to b$ ,i hit ^u a plan to relieve me at lea/ ( a good _m ( !m1 :i* =tunately prov$ successful4 ,i plac$ a numb] ( l>ge plates fill$ ) oil1 hav+ a wick 9 !m2 ,i !n light$ ! wicks1 & ! fleas1 attract$ by ?is1 leap$ into ! plates1 :i* 9 ! morn+ 7 black ) !m1 & by ?is means ,i got rid ( ! greate/ "p1 & at l5g? enjoy$ "s com=t4 ,i n[ det]m9$ to /udy ! antiquities m at leisure1 & set regul>ly ab\t x4 ,e morn+1 imm$iately aft] breakfa/1 ,i proce$$ to ! ,acropolis1 & employ$ myself 9 draw+ & measur+ ! ,p>!non1 ,ere*!um1 & o!r build+s until d9n] "t2 & aft]1 9 ! ev5+1 ,i took walks & rides r\nd ! adjac5t c\ntry4 ,hav+ f9i%$ ! ,acropolis1 ,i !n proce$$ to ! ,temples ( ,!seus & ,jupit] ,olympus1 ! ,temple ( ! ,w9ds1 & ! o!r antiquities1 :i* occupi$ me ab\t a mon?4 ,all ^! spl5did specim5s ( ar*itecture h be5 s accurately describ$ 9 ! elaborate works ( ,/u>t1 ,cock]ell1 ,dodwell1 ,gell1 & o!rs1 t x is unnecess>y to describe !m "h4 ,) reg>d to ! ,piru1 & ! o!r ports ( ,a!ns1 ,i exam9$ !m m9utely1 & = plans & description ( !m ,i ref] to my "w on #8,briti% & ,=eign ,h>b\rs4' ,i also saw a little ( ,a!nian society4 ,among/ o!rs1 ,i made ! acqua9tance ( ! ,maid ( ,a!ns 7s celebrat$ by ,byron71 :o 0 v pretty1 ladylike1 & agreeable4 ,i 0 also mo/ k9dly receiv$ by ,mr4 ,gropeus1 ! ,au/rian ,consul1 ,mr4 ,logo!ti1 ! ,engli% ,consul1 & by ! well-kn[n arti/1 ,mr4 ,luzi]i1 :o _h made "s f9e views ( ,a!ns = ,"l ,elg94 ,! ,turks treat$ ! ,greeks ) great contempt & v little c]emony4 ,by way ( illu/ration1 ,i 0 pres5t at ! arrival ( a new ,gov]nor or ,vaivode4 ,8 ,excell5cy came m\nt$ on a beautiful :ite ,arabian horse1 surr\nd$ by ab\t a hundr$ well-m\nt$ cavalry1 all 9 ! magnific5t ,turki% co/ume ( ! day2 next !re foll[$ ! h>eem1 9 crimson-col\r$ c>riages1 ea* slung betwe5 two horses1 & escort$ on foot by num]\s eunu*s & blacks1 all spl5didly attir$2 !n ! baggage1 :i* 0 c>ri$ on ! backs ( horses1 l$ & gu>d$ by ,greeks1 mix$ ) ,turki% soldi]s on foot4 ,! :ole t[n turn$ out to witness ! sight & welcome _! new ,gov]nor1 :o sc>cely deign$ to look at !m2 :il/ ! att5dants go+ be=e cle>$ ! way ) /icks1 :i* !y by no means us$ sp>+ly1 deal+ _! bl[s "r & left on ev]yone )9 rea*4 ,a numb] ( ,turki% lads among/ ! cr[d amus$ !mselves by fir+ (f _! guns & pi/ols1 :i* 7 load$ ) ball & %ot4 ,!y took no c>e :i* way !y fir$2 sometimes 9 ! air1 sometimes on ! gr\nd1 & sometimes /raight =w>d among/ ! cr[d2 ( c\rse ev]ybody got out ( ! way1 myself among/ ! numb]4 ,i saw "o ,greek :o _h 8 leg brok5 by a %ot f a ,turki% lad ne> me1 at :i* he1 ! ,turk1 & ! :ole ( 8 companions1 %\t$ ) joy1 & seem$ to ?9k x great fun3 at ?is ,i c\ld n re/ra9 my indignation1 & be+ arm$ ) a good /\t /ick1 ,i ru%$ among/ !m1 /rik+ "r & left3 "s ,greeks tri$ to /op me1 b ,i /uck to !m1 & _h ! satisfaction ( see+ t no m %ots 7 fir$ except 9 ! air4 ,no?+ impress$ ! ,turks ) s mu* respect z c\rage & vig\r2 ! m y humbl$ y\rself1 ! m !y bulli$ y1 be+ any?+ b fond ( fight+4 ,i f\nd f exp]i5ce t ?is 0 ! only way to treat !m2 = ?\gh frequ5tly among/ !m1 & "u ! mo/ try+ circum/ances1 ,i 0 r>ely mole/$4 ,aft]w>ds ,i witness$ ! entrance ( ! ,pa*a ( ,negropont1 :i* 0 9 ! same /yle1 b ^u a m ext5d$ scale4 ,i occasionally visit$ ! conv5ts1 inhabit$ by a few wor?y monks1 :o k9dly receive /rang]s & lodge & bo>d !m = a mod]ate sum4 ,! situation is excell5t1 be+ 9 ! high] "p ( ! t[n1 close to ! beautiful rema9s ( ! ,temple ( ! ,w9ds1 ) a spl5did view4 ,a!ns at ! "t ( my visit 0 a poor mis]able place1 )\t an inn wor?y ( ! "n4 ,x 0 surr\nd$ by a cr5ellat$ wall1 :i* ev5 ! artill]y ( t day w\ld h demoli%$ ) a few r\nds ( %ot4 ,! ,ilyssus & ,cephisus are trifl+ /reams1 :i*1 pass+ on ! s\? side ( ! t[n1 dis*>ge _! wat]s into ! sea a few miles bel[4 ,dur+ summ] !re is sc>cely any wat]1 z x is conduct$ away by diff]5t *annels = irrigation1 s t ! b$s ( ^! two rivulets are dry4 ,hav+ explor$ ,a!ns suffici5tly = my purpose1 ,i det]m9$ to make a t\r ( ! ,morea1 & accord+ly hir$ a small deck$ vessel ( ab\t #cj tons to cross ! gean ,sea1 leav+ ,a!ns = ! ,piru on ! #be? ( ,m>*2 & aft] wait+ "s "t on bo>d 9 ! h>b\r1 at sev5 on ! #be? />t$1 rea*$ g9a at eight1 l&$ aft] breakfa/1 & proce$$ on foot to ! ,temple ( ,jupit]1 on a hill ab\t a mile f ! %ore4 ,we sp5t "h ne>ly ?ree h\rs measur+ & exam9+ ! rema9s ( ?is beautiful specim5 ( ,greek ar*itecture1 & sket*+ ! surr\nd+ picturesque sc5]y2 !n />t$ = ! t[n & port ( g9a1 :i!r ,i _h s5t ! vessel to meet u1 & 0 told t ! di/ance 0 only ?ree or f\r miles1 :i* turn$ out to be ne>ly twelve1 ov] a r\gh pa?1 s t we did n rea* g9a until ne>ly #f ,p4,m41 v tir$ & hungry1 hav+ _h no lun*4 ,! ,temple ( ,jupit] is a f9e specim5 ( ! ,doric1 & is well describ$ 9 ,mr4 ,c4 ,r4 ,cock]ell's excell5t "w1 to :i* ! read] is ref]r$4 ,! small t[n ( g9a is situat$ ab\t ! middle ( ! we/ side ( ! isl&1 fac+ ! ,morea1 f :i* x is sep>at$ by a *annel ab\t eight or t5 miles wide4 ,! t[n & isl& ( g9a 7 gov]n$ by a ,vaivode1 :o _h a few ,turki% soldi]s1 & 0 inhabit$ *iefly by fi%]m5 & small trad]s4 ,! surr\nd+ c\ntry is hilly1 ) f]tile valleys produc+ olives1 v9es1 & gra91 & beans ( sev]al k9ds2 & !re are a few %eep & goats4 ,! next morn+1 ! #bf? ,m>*1 ,i rose e>ly & exam9$ ! port1 :i* consi/$ ( two artificial h>b\rs1 =m$ by two pi]s1 ea* c>ri$ out f ! %ore1 enclos+ a consid]able space ( wat]1 ) a dep? ( ab\t #aj or #ab feet4 ,?is 0 made by ! anci5ts1 & ,mr4 ,cock]ell gave me a plan ( x1 :i* is ins]t$ 9 my "w on #8,briti% & ,=eign ,h>b\rs4' ,x 0 !n bl[+ v h>d nor?-we/ & contr>y2 h[ev]1 soon aft] noon ! w9d abat$1 :5 we emb>k$1 & arriv$ at ! little port or bay ( ,pilascro1 ! anci5t ,epidauros1 on ! opposite %ore ( ! ,morea1 ab\t five o'clock 9 ! aft]noon4 ,"h we disemb>k$1 & walk$ r\nd ! place1 & c\ld only discov] :at appe>$ to be ! rema9s ( a ba?1 & "s mutilat$ figures ne> x2 & a little f>!r "s simil> rema9s1 b no?+ rem>kable2 s t x w\ld require consid]able "t to make any?+ out ( !m4 ,9 ,sir ,w4 ,gell's #8,it9]>y ( ! ,morea' :at is !re is well describ$4 ,we slept on bo>d4 ,on ! #bg? we rose at daylight1 & f\nd t ! baggage horses1 ,greek s]vants1 & an excell5t ,arabian horse1 :i* ,i b\ght at ,a!ns1 & :i* ,i s5t r\nd by l&1 _h arriv$ at ,epidauros4 ,hav+ disemb>k$ our baggage & dis*>g$ ! vessel1 we load$ ! baggage on ! horses1 aft] :i* we />t$ = ,napoli di ,romania1 a small t[n situat$ on ! ,gulf ( ,argos1 n _m miles di/ant f ,epidauros1 ?r\gh an undulat+1 picturesque1 & ri* c\ntry4 ,on acc\nt ( ! guide tak+ ! wrong road1 we 7 oblig$ to /op at ! village ( ,t]o1 :]e !re are a consid]able numb] ( ,roman & ,greek rema9s4 ,on ,friday1 #bh? ,m>*1 we />t$ at half-pa/ six1 & at noon rea*$ ! picturesque =tress ( ,napoli di ,romania1 on ! ea/ side ( ! ,gulf ( ,argos1 situat$ on a l(ty hill comm&+ ! entrance to ! gulf4 ,! mis]able t[n lay b5ea? ! citadel1 :i*1 z well z ! t[n itself1 0 /rongly =tifi$ accord+ to ! ,v5etian sy/em1 & 0 a place ( consid]able /r5g?1 g>rison$ by a set ( bigot$ ,turki% troops1 imbu$ ) a ?or\gh hatr$ ( ,*ri/ians1 s t ,i 0 /rongly advis$ n to /op !re4 ,!re 01 h[ev]1 no alt]native1 z !re 0 no o!r place ne>4 ,i !re=e rode into ! t[n1 & took up my qu>t]s at ! ,engli% ,vice-,consul's1 :o 0 a ,greek4 ,imm$iately aft] my arrival ,i w5t out1 & tri$ to get into ! citadel1 9 ord] to h a view ( ! t[n & surr\nd+ c\ntry1 :i* 0 v f9e1 b ! ,turks refus$ me admittance 9 ! mo/ insol5t mann]1 & told me to get ab\t my bus9ess z quickly z possible4 ,i f\nd t x 0 ( no use to attempt to proce$ f>!r1 & return$ at once to ! t[n1 & aft] hav+ exam9$ x1 & f\nd no?+ wor?y ( notice1 return$ to my lodg+s4 ,"h ! ,vice-,consul came to me 9 a great fright1 & said t ! ,turks _h be5 mu* annoy$ at my arrival1 & t ,i mu/ dep>t directly2 /rongly urg+ me to d s1 z he said t he c\ld n protect me1 & if ,i /ay$ he w\ld n be responsible = ! consequ5ces4 ,i repli$ t z x 0 night x 0 too late to dep>t !n1 b t ,i w\ld d s ! next morn+ at daybreak4 ,to ?is he cons5t$4 ,i accord+ly supp$1 & w5t to b$4 ,on ! foll[+ morn+ my s]vant & myself 7 9 ! saddle be=e daybreak1 & 7 at ! gates ( ! =tress wait+ = !m to be op5$4 ,9 ,turki% =tresses at t day x 0 ! cu/om to make e =eign] & ,greek dism\nt & walk ov] ! drawbridge4 ,i ?\ght t ?is 0 degrad+1 & det]m9$ n to d x4 ,z soon1 !re=e1 z ! gates 7 op5$1 & ! drawbridge let d[n1 ,i />t$ (f at a rapid pace1 & told ,demetrius to foll[ me4 ,9 pass+ ! ,turki% gu>d1 consi/+ ( ?ree or f\r badly-arm$ m51 !y call$ out to me to /op1 :i* ,i disreg>d$1 & gallop$ (f z fa/ z ,i c\ld4 ,i _h sc>cely proce$$ a c\ple ( hundr$ y>ds :51 turn+ r\nd1 ,i saw ,demetrius 9 ! h&s ( ! ,turks1 :o 7 belab\r+ him ) /icks1 & try+ to pull him (f 8 horse4 ,he kick$ & f\ght ) all 8 might4 ,i imm$iately rode back ) a load$ pi/ol 9 ea* h&1 & da%$ among/ ! ,turks1 :o soon releas$ my man1 & spurr+ our horses we gallop$ (f z h>d z possible1 nev] pull+ re9 = a full mile1 & !n1 f9d+ we 7 n foll[$1 /opp$ & jo9$ our m5 & baggage1 :om ,i _h left beh9d 9 a small ,greek h\se be=e ,i ent]$ ,nauplia ! prec$+ ev5+4 ,?us ,i got happily out ( ?is affair1 :i* might h be5 r s]i\s2 b ,i always f\nd ! be/ way 0 to %[ a bold front to ! ,turks1 & n all[ !m to insult y4 ,aft] a little halt we />t$ aga91 & /opp$ to exam9e ! ru9s ( ! anci5t city ( ,tiryns1 said to h be5 built by ! ,cyclopeans4 ,^! are v curi\s & int]e/+1 & are suppos$ to be ! olde/ specim5s ( ar*itecture 9 ,greece4 ,!y are con/ruct$ ( r\gh1 only p>tially hewn blocks ( /one1 rudely put toge!r )\t cem5t4 ,we h "h an attempt to con/ruct a ,go?ic ar*2 b ! /ones are n radiat$1 ! b$s be+ flat1 ea* /one project+ ov] ano!r until !y meet 9 ! c5tre4 ,^! ru9s are ext5sive1 cov]+ a surface ( sev]al acres4 ,!y are well describ$ & repres5t$ 9 ,gell's #8,it9]>y4' ,f ,tiryns ,i proce$$ to ,myc5e1 ab\t #ab miles f>!r nor?w>d4 ,^! ru9s are also v ext5sive1 & once =m$ ! capital ( ,agamemnon1 ) a small surr\nd+ t]ritory4 ,! *ief build+ wor?y ( rem>k is ! ,hall ( ,atreus4 ,?is1 ( ! k9d1 is a f9e "w1 con/ruct$ ( solid masonry1 ( l>ge blocks ( /one well squ>$1 & put toge!r )\t cem5t4 ,! hall is circul>1 & #dg feet #f in*es 9 diamet] 9 ! inside1 & #db feet #f in*es high1 ! top cov]$ by a s+le /one1 ?us =m+ a ,go?ic ar* inside ( squ>$ blocks ( /one1 ! b$s be+ horizontal1 & ! /ones project+ ov] ea* o!r 9 ! inside until !y meet 9 ! c5tre1 ! angles ( ! project+ /ones 9 ! inside be+ cut (f & dress$ smoo?ly on ! face1 s t1 :5 view+ x f )91 ! :ole has ! appe>ance ( a nicely-con/ruct$ dome1 light$ f ! top by a circul> op5+4 ,! side walls are #ah feet #f in*es at bottom1 dim9i%+ to #ah in*es at top4 ,x is a rem>kable "w1 & may be consid]$ z "o ( ! e>lie/ specim5s ( ! ar*1 & a consid]able improvem5t ^u t ( ,tiryns4 ,! entrance to ! hall is by a massive doorway1 ! sides be+ =m$ ( s+le /ones well dress$1 & ! top ( ano!r s+le block equally well prep>$2 ?is is surm\nt$ by ano!r l>ge block1 ^u :i* is sculptur$ 9 bold relief two lions rampant4 ,! approa* to ! doorway is betwe5 two solid walls ( masonry1 =m+ a passage op5 to ! air4 ,?is be+ ne> ! summit ( a hill1 !re is a f9e view f x ov] ! pla91 or r valley1 b5ea?1 back$ by ! ru9s ( ! anci5t city ( ,argos & its ,acropolis1 on ! ,gulf ( ,nauplia1 & on ! we/ by a f9e range ( m\nta9s1 ! highe/ ( :i* t[]s prom95tly above ! re/1 /&+ f> above ! level ( ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,aft] hav+ measur$ ! ,hall ( ,atreus1 & hav+ made a sket* ( ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 dur+ :i* my p _h manag$ to cook an excell5t d9n] 9 ! op5 air1 ,i d9$1 & />t$ ab\t #d ,p4,m41 & rea*$ ,argos at #e ,p4,m4 ,! ru9s ( ! anci5t city conta9 little wor?y ( rem>k1 & ! mod]n "o is a mis]able village1 seat$ among/ ! ru9s4 ,! ri* c\ntry 0 n half cultivat$1 m]ely dott$ "h & !re ) a few v9ey>ds & olive woods4 ,argos is n[ ab\t a mile f ! head ( ! ,gulf ( ,nauplia1 b x is v probable t 9 =m] times ! sea wa%$ ! walls ( ! anci5t city2 ! int]v5+ space has be5 fill$ up by alluvial deposit1 & x is n[ little bett] ?an a m>%4 ,i slept at ! c>avans]ai1 & next morn+ />t$ = ! ,temple ( ,jupit] at ,nemea1 pass+ ?r\gh a ri* valley ) v9es1 gra91 & olives1 & ! village ( ,agioz ,georgi\s1 ne> :i* is a conv5t on a hill4 ,^! conv5ts are n ! seats ( le>n+1 = ! monks are lazy & ignorant2 b !y =m com=table re/+-places = travell]s :o pay well = _! accommodation4 ,! ru9s ( ! ,temple ( ,jupit]1 well describ$ by ,gell1 consi/ only ( ?ree columns ( an indiff]5t /yle ( ,doric4 ,hav+ return$ to ,argos to sleep1 on ,sunday1 ,may #a1 ,i arose e>ly4 ,! morn+ 0 wet & /ormy1 & ,i 0 deta9$ by ! mulete] dem&+ extra pay = ! horses1 :i*1 h[ev]1 ! ,bey decid$ aga9/ him4 ,we accord+ly />t$ ab\t sev51 & soon aft] began to asc5d ! ,pass ?r\gh ! m\nta9s1 hav+ on ! left ! mis]able village ,l]na1 seat$ on ! swampy %ore ( ! gulf1 anci5tly call$ ,hydra2 & h5ce 0 d]iv$ ! ,l]nean hydra or mon/]1 celebrat$ by ,virgil4 ,?is 0 no d\bt no?+ m ?an ! mal>ia fev] p]sonifi$1 :i* prevails sev]ely 9 ?is di/rict4 ,9 fact1 ! :ole ( ?is c\ntry _h a wret*$1 =lorn1 des]t$ appe>ance4 ,! population 0 scanty1 oppress$ by pov]ty1 mis]y1 & tyranny1 _! c\nt5ances = ! mo/ "p pale & hagg>d1 express+ despair & dejection1 to extricate !mselves f :i* appe>$ hopeless2 :il/ ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 naturally f]tile1 aid$ by ! influ5ce ( a g5ial climate1 only requir$ ! indu/ry ( man to make x yield ! ri*e/ rew>d4 ,no?+ 0 done2 all lay dead & desolate4 ,nature seem$ to h done ev]y?+ = man1 :ile man _h 9 ev]y?+ neglect$ nature2 a n uncommon occurr5ce1 & "o :i*1 z f> z my exp]i5ce goes1 has produc$ m mis]y ?an almo/ any?+ else4 ,we began to asc5d ! ,pass ov] a rude causeway1 ab\t eight or t5 feet wide1 9 _m places cut up into deep gullies by ! torr5ts2 ! asc5t /eep1 rugg$1 & difficult1 fit only = mules & pack-horses4 ,! ev5+ 0 f9e1 h[ev]1 ! air fre% & invigorat+1 & ! sc5]y beautiful1 :i* rais$ my spirits aft] ! melan*oly caus$ by ! depress+ influ5ce ( ! sight ( s mu* desolation4 ,hav+ got to ! summit ( ! ,pass1 we _h a magnific5t view on bo? sides4 ,look+ back1 we _h ! ,gulf ( ,nauplia1 ) ! picturesque =tress at ! entrance1 ! pla9 ( ,argos & its ru9s1 also ^? ( ,myc5e & ,tiryns1 back$ by a rugg$ outl9e ( hills2 on ! we/ ! f]tile pla91 ) its capital ,tripolitza1 & ! ru9s ( ,mant9ea1 back$ by a bold l9e ( hills1 ) ! magnific5t ,taygetus ris+ #gjjj feet1 flank$ on bo? sides by ! blue wat]s ( ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,we rea*$ ,tripolitza j aft] d>k1 &1 z usual1 put up at ! be/ ,greek h\se :]e we c\ld f9d admittance2 & z ,i _h a good sumpt] mule1 ,demetrius soon prep>$ a capital supp]1 :i* ,i enjoy$ mu* aft] a h>d-work+ day ( n9ete5 h\rs1 dur+ :i* ,i _h be5 f\rte5 h\rs 9 ! saddle4 ,i slept s\ndly1 not)/&+ ! attacks ( num]\s fleas1 to :i* by ?is "t ,i _h become tol]ably well accu/om$4 ,tripolitza1 al?\gh ! capital ( ! ,morea1 0 b a poor place1 ) ab\t #djjj inhabitants1 & ! ,turki% g>rison ( ab\t #cjj m54 ,! ,gov]nor's palace 0 m]ely an assemblage ( "s l[1 insignificant build+s enclos$ )9 a wall4 ,! re/ ( ! t[n consi/$ ( irregul>1 crook$1 n>r[1 dirty /reets1 "s ( !m h>dly wide en\gh = a c>riage1 = :i*1 inde$1 !re 0 no ne$1 & !re 7 none2 ) a place or squ>e ne> ! c5tre1 surr\nd$ by cafs1 :]e ! ,turks & bett] class ( natives1 su* z !y 71 sat idly smok+ _! long pipes & n>gillas ) t /upid indiff]5ce & repose :i* *>act]iz$ !m1 p]fectly reg>dless ( any b !mselves1 & q unconsci\s & indiff]5t to ! mis]y ar\nd !m4 ,!re 7 "o or two baza>s1 :]e all ! bus9ess ( ! place 0 transact$2 9 ^! clo?s1 furs1 %awls1 lea!r articles1 su* z saddles1 bridles1 c41 silks1 arms1 pipes1 tobacco1 & provisions ( all k9ds1 7 sold1 b sc>cely any articles ( ,european manufacture4 ,! t[n 0 surr\nd$ by a cr5ellat$ wall1 unfit = artill]y1 & incapable ( resi/ance to ,european troops2 & !re 7 two or ?ree mosques1 ) _! m9>ets ris+ above ! mass ( insignificant build+s1 & a few ,greek *ur*es1 ! int]iors ( :i* 7 decorat$ ) rude & almo/ grotesque repres5tations ( sa9ts4 ,^! edifices1 t[]+ above ! re/1 _h a picturesque & impos+ effect :5 view$ f a di/ance1 b ?is vani%$ ! mom5t y drew ne> & ent]$1 :5 little else b dirt & mis]y met ! eye4 ,! foll[+ day aft] my arrival ,i walk$ ab\t ! t[n1 amus+ myself ) ! little :i* 0 to be se52 & ! next day ,i rode1 accompani$ by my s]vant ,demetrius1 to ! ru9s ( ! anci5t ,mant9ea1 =m]ly a city ( consid]able importance1 & well =tifi$ accord+ to ! /yle ( t p]iod4 ,x 0 surr\nd$ by a /rong l(ty /one wall1 ab\t #be feet high1 flank$ at int]vals by circul> turrets1 & 9 front ( ea* entrance !re 0 a k9d ( lunette or advanc$ "w to protect x1 s t an enemy1 9 endeav\r+ to ent]1 0 expos$ to flank attacks f ! g>rison4 ,^! walls 7 surr\nd$ by a wide dit* fill$ ) wat]1 & ! total surface enclos$ by !m is consid]able4 ,! ru9s )9 consi/ ( ! rema9s ( a hippodrome1 !atre1 & o!r private & public build+s1 conc]n+ :i*1 f _! scatt]$ & dilapidat$ condition1 x 0 difficult to def9e any?+ accurately4 ,9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,tripolitza !re are num]\s kalava?a1 or subt]ranean conduits = c>ry+ (f ! wat] = dra9age1 irrigation1 & supply+ ! inhabitants4 ,! riv] fl[+ ?r\gh ! pla91 if su* x c be call$1 is an insignificant /ream2 x is connect$ ) ! subt]ranean conduits describ$ above4 ,! surr\nd+ c\ntry 0 tol]ably cultivat$1 & produc$ corn1 pulse1 oil1 & w9e1 bo? r$ & :ite4 ,?is w9e 0 made 9 a v r\gh way1 &1 9 ord] to pres]ve x1 0 mix$ ) a c]ta9 quantity ( turp5t9e1 :i* gave x a /rong bitt] flav\r1 by no means agreeable at fir/2 & until y become accu/om$ to x1 y _c dr9k x ) any degree ( reli%1 b by degrees y l x1 & x is v :olesome4 ,:il/ at ,tripolitza ,i became acqua9t$ ) ! late ,mr4 ,hodgets ,foley1 aft]w>ds ,m4,p4 = ,droitwi*1 a v amiable1 good-natur$ p]son4 ,z an in/ance ( ,turki% civility1 ,mr4 ,foley 0 tak+ 8 usual ride 9 ! ev5+1 accompani$ by 8 s]vant1 & on 8 way met ) a p>ty ( ! delhi1 or cavalry1 play+ at football1 a game 9 :i* !y mu* delight$4 ,z !y pass$ he civilly pull$ up to get out ( _! way1 :5 two or ?ree ( !m at once1 )\t ! smalle/ provocation1 attack$ him1 laid hold ( 8 horse1 & o!rwise maltreat$ him1 & he ) "s difficulty extricat$ himself f _! h&s1 & rode back to ,tripolitza z quickly z possible1 to lay 8 compla9t be=e our ,vice-,consul1 :o 0 a ,greek4 ,he made 8 compla9t to ! ,gov]nor1 :o promis$ r$ress1 b 7,turki% fa%ion7 nev] gave x4 ,foley's mi/ake 0 ?is1 t in/ead ( gett+ out ( ! way1 he %\ld h ridd5 "r into ! mid/ ( !m1 lay+ ab\t him on bo? sides ) 8 :ip z h>d z possible2 !n !y w\ld h fe>$ & respect$ him1 & h nev] (f]$ him any viol5ce4 ,aft] hav+ se5 all t 0 wor?y ( att5tion 9 ! t[n & neighb\rhood1 ,i />t$ = ,misitra1 ! site ( ! anci5t ,sp>ta1 "s miles f ,tripolitza1 ! r\te to :i* lay ?r\gh ! pla94 ,we rea*$ ,misitra1 a mis]able village1 t[>ds ev5+1 & obta9$ tol]able qu>t]s 9 a respectable ,greek h\se1 :]e we 7 receiv$ v k9dly1 & mo/ hospitably ent]ta9$1 :i* ( c\rse ,i paid = by a h&some pres5t4 ,i sat d[n to supp] ) ! family1 consi/+ ( ! husb&1 8 h&some wife1 daught]1 & son1 be=e a l[ table1 plac$ ^u ! floor2 ! di%es consi/$ ( s\p1 a species ( /ew$ mutton1 vegetables1 & cakes & fruits4 ,aft] d9n] ! s]vant came r\nd ) a bas9 & ew]1 & p\r$ wat] ov] our h&s1 & !n pres5t$ a napk9 to wipe !m3 we next adj\rn$ to ano!r room1 :]e c(fee & pipes 7 s]v$1 & ! daught] sung v prettily "s ,greek airs1 accompani$ by ! m&ol9e2 & ?us ,i pass$ a v agreeable ev5+4 ,! foll[+ morn+ ,i rose e>ly & proce$$ to ! ru9s ( anci5t ,sp>ta1 "s miles di/ant4 ,"h no?+ is to be se5 ( ?is anci5t celebrat$ city1 b "s m\nds1 fragm5ts ( walls & build+s1 ! ext5t & designation ( :i* x is extremely difficult to make out4 ,x 0 9 va91 !re=e1 to attempt m1 & s ,i next det]m9$ to prosecute my j\rney into ,ma9a1 said to be inhabit$ by ! desc5dants ( ! ,sp>tans4 ,?is 0 consid]$ at t "t to be a j\rney ( consid]able difficulty & dang]1 &1 inde$1 impracticable1 on acc\nt ( ! lawlessness ( ! natives1 :o 7 said to be no?+ m ?an a set ( pirates & robb]s1 at w> ) ! :ole _w & ea* o!r4 ,"l ,byron wi%$ to g !re1 b 0 dissuad$ f x1 al?\gh no p]son ev] accus$ 8 lord%ip ( want ( c\rage4 ,my janiss>y advis$ me n to make ! j\rney1 & said t he w\ld n accompany me1 z we %\ld all be murd]$2 & add$ t ! ,turks1 :o _h frequ5tly endeav\r$ to conqu] ! c\ntry bo? by l& & by sea1 _h always fail$4 ,! m !y tri$ to dissuade me f go+1 ! m ,i 0 det]m9$ to d x1 be+ /imulat$ also by do+ t :i* few p]sons w\ld attempt2 !re=e ,i dis*>g$ my janiss>ies & extra horses & s]vants1 & s5t !m to meet me at ,calamata1 ! o!r side ( ! p59sula1 & decid$ to und]take ! j\rney ) ,demetrius alone1 :o 0 well acqua9t$ ) "o ( ! capta9s or *iefs ( ! di/rict ( ,m>a?onesi1 & :o 0 anxi\s to g himself1 & said t ! difficulties _h be5 greatly exagg]at$1 & t we %\ld get ?r\gh v well4 ,i resolv$1 !re=e1 to />t on ! foll[+ morn+4 ,be=e proce$+ f>!r ,i w endeav\r to describe ! c\ntry :i* we 7 ab\t to visit4 ,! di/rict ( ,ma9a is situat$ at ! s\!rn extremity ( ! ,morea2 x is b\nd$ on ! nor? by ,m\nt ,taygetus1 & its subsidi>y range ( m\nta9s1 & by ,cape ,matapan on ! s\?1 s t x =ms a triangle1 jutt+ out into ! ,m$it]ranean2 & on ! ea/ & we/ sides x is bord]$ by t sea1 s t on all sides1 except on ! nor?1 x is surr\nd$ by wat]4 ,z to ! aborig9es1 x is difficult to f9d any well-au!nticat$ acc\nt2 x is suppos$ t !y at "o "t =m$ "p ( ! ,sp>tan republic4 ,aft] ! conque/ ( ! ,greeks by ! ,romans1 & subsequ5tly by ! ,turks1 !y took refuge "h1 & be+ ( a w>like & re/less temp]am5t1 disda9$ all subjection to any "o *ief1 b divid$ !mselves into sep>ate communities1 & *ose _! *ief = ! "t1 :o 0 ! mo/ able & successful w>rior among/ !m4 ,^! communities or tribes 7 :olly indep5d5t1 & 7 frequ5tly at w> ) ea* o!r1 b always unit$ to def5d !mselves aga9/ ! common enemy1 & !y drove out ! ,turks1 :o frequ5tly1 b 9 va91 attempt$ to br+ !m "u subjection1 & latt]ly _h q giv5 x up4 ,su* 0 ! /ate ( ! c\ntry :5 ,i visit$ x4 ,! :ole population 0 consid]$ to be ab\t #bj1jjj1 divid$ into capitanates or beyli*s1 ) a supreme *ief1 to :om1 h[ev]1 ! allegiance 0 m]ely nom9al1 & only accord$ :5 ! :ole c\ntry 0 invad$ by a common enemy4 ,on o!r occasions1 ea* tribe or community made w> ^u ! o!rs ^u ! lea/ provocation1 or ^u ! surr\nd+ c\ntries & seas z x suit$ !m2 9 fact1 !y 7 a horde ( pirates1 at w> ) all mank9d1 :o treat$ !m accord+ly4 ,x 0 no uncommon ev5t at t day = a ,briti% %ip ( w> to bomb>d its seaports & to l& a /rong body ( m5 to *a/ise ! natives :5ev] !y c\ld lay hold ( !m2 b z ! coa/ is int]sect$ ) num]\s creeks1 back$ by innum]able inaccessible m\nta9 =tresses1 to :i* !y escap$ :5 ov]p[]$1 x 0 almo/ impossible to root !m out4 ,e petty *ief _h a /ronghold or =tress1 :]e he liv$ ) 8 mo/ intimate foll[]s4 ,9 "s cases ?is =tress 0 surr\nd$ by a /rong loop-hol$ wall1 to :i* no access 0 giv5 except by a drawbridge or ladd]1 :i* c\ld be drawn up :5 attack$2 & ! access to ! ca/le )9 0 ! same4 ,9 o!rs x 0 a simple squ>e or r\nd t[]1 ) ! entrance ab\t #aj feet above ! gr\nd1 approa*able only by a ladd]1 :i* c\ld be remov$ at pleasure1 & 0 always drawn up at night4 ,! c\ntry = ! mo/ "p 0 uncultivat$1 & al?\gh extremely f]tile1 capable ( produc+ corn1 w9e1 oil1 fruit1 & silk 9 abundance1 s]v$ little m ?an to supply ! defici5cy :5 booty 0 sc>ce4 ,su* 0 ! g5]al /ate ( ,ma9a1 :i* ,i det]m9$ to visit4 ,we accord+ly left our heavy baggage beh9d1 & ,i />t$ e>ly 9 ! morn+1 accompani$ by ,demetrius & "o baggage horse4 ,%ortly aft] leav+ ,misitra we cross$ ! fronti]1 came to a wild1 desolate c\ntry ) no?+ b bru%wood1 occasionally mix$ ) l(ty valonia trees1 ! b>k & fruit ( :i* =m a valuable article ( export4 ,at midday we halt$ z usual to give our horses1 z well z ourselves1 re/ & refre%m5t2 & ! ev]-active ,demetrius1 9 a comp>atively %ort "t1 provid$ u ) a tol]able d9n]1 & aft] a c\ple ( h\rs' re/ />t$ aga9 on our j\rney1 & pass+ ?r\gh ! same k9d ( wild c\ntry we rea*$ ! sea-%ore & ! ru9s ( ! anci5t ,m>a?onesi1 ! greate/ portion ( :i* _h be5 subm]g$ by an e>?quake1 & we c\ld di/9ctly disc]n ! build+s ?r\gh ! cle> wat]4 ,a few miles f>!r we rea*$ ! neat little seaport t[n1 ! mod]n ,m>a?onesi1 ! capital ( ! tribe ( :i* ,demetrius's fri5d 0 ! *ief4 ,9 ! c\rse ( our day's j\rney we 7 n a little inspir$ & gratifi$ t we _h n be5 attack$ or ev5 mole/$1 not)/&+ ! dismal acc\nts & =ebod+s :i* _h be5 made to u4 ,x is true we met a few r\gh1 /raggl+1 arm$ fell[s on ! way1 & !y look$ at u ) a fi]ce1 indep5d5t sc[l1 b see+ u well arm$ & prep>$ to meet !m1 pass$ on )\t fur!r rem>k4 ,we arriv$1 soon aft] sunset1 at ! h\se ( ! *ief1 & 7 mo/ k9dly receiv$ by him1 & he %[$ u into "s clean com=table b$rooms1 furni%$1 to my surprise1 9 ! ,fr5* fa%ion4 ,! fact is1 ! *ief 0 a great m]*ant & trad] ) ! ,ionian ,isl&s1 ,italy1 & ,france1 & possess$ consid]able weal?1 & 0 f> m civiliz$ ?an ! re/ ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,he 0 a f9e h&some c\rte\s "y man1 ab\t tw5ty-eight1 ( ! middle size1 & extremely well-proportion$1 s9ewy1 active1 & vigor\s4 ,8 c\nt5ance 0 oval1 ( ! true ,greek =m1 ) d>k pi]c+ eyes1 black eyebr[s & la%es1 well-def9$ nose1 small m\?1 ) compress$ lips1 & beautiful :ite tee?2 ) long m\/a*es1 curl+ sev]al in*es bel[ 8 *91 & 8 head cov]$ ) a pr(usion ( black hair hang+ d[n 9 natural r+lets2 he wore no be>d1 8 *9 be+ closely %av52 9 fact1 he 0 a v da%+ p]sonage4 ,he gave u an excell5t supp]1 & ent]ta9$ u ) num]\s anecdotes & acc\nts ( ! c\ntry & its inhabitants2 he ask$ me h[ ,i c\ld ?9k ( v5tur+ among su* a lawless p1 :om no /rang] ev] visit$1 & /rongly recomm5d$ me to g back1 z aft] hav+ le>n$ t ,i propos$ to cross ! c\ntry & return by ! opposite coa/1 he said ! j\rney w\ld be att5d$ ) consid]able dang]1 & he fe>$ t he c\ld n protect me4 ,bo? ,demetrius1 :o sat at table ) u1 & myself told him t x w\ld be disgraceful to g back1 & if he w\ld furni% u ) an escort ( "s ( 8 foll[]s !y %\ld be prop]ly paid1 & we _h no d\bt b t we %\ld get ?r\gh our j\rney )\t difficulty4 ,f9d+ t we 7 det]m9$ to proce$1 he oppos$ our int5tions no m1 b said he w\ld d ! be/ he c\ld = u4 ,be+ r tir$ ) our day's ride1 we w5t to b$ & slept s\ndly until soon aft] sunrise ! next morn+1 :5 we 7 up & /irr+4 ,our fri5d1 ! *ief1 told me t he w\ld provide me ) an escort ( tw5ty-five well-arm$ m51 :om ,i might safely rely ^u4 ,we accord+ly breakfa/$1 & w5t to look ov] ! t[n1 :i* 0 ! neate/ & cleane/ ,i _h se5 9 ,greece4 ,!re 7 sev]al vessels tak+ 9 & deliv]+ _! c>goes2 9 fact1 ! little t[n 0 bu/l+ ) activity & indu/ry4 ,all my escort1 consi/+ ( five-&-tw5ty /\t1 active1 wiry fell[s1 7 mu/]$ outside ( ! t[n wait+ = me1 & a fi]ce1 r\gh1 savage-look+ set !y 71 arm$ to ! tee? ) guns1 pi/ols1 & yatagans1 clad a good deal l ,albanians1 ) kilts1 jackets1 hose1 & r$ skull-caps1 ) long m\/a*es1 close-%av5 *9s1 & long hair fall+ d[n _! %\ld]s4 ,mo/ ( !m _h sev]al sc>s f w\nds receiv$ 9 _! v>i\s fights4 ,be=e />t+ ,i exam9$ _! arms to see if !y 7 prop]ly load$ & fl9t$1 z x frequ5tly happ5$ t !y 7 9 bad ord] & w\ld n g (f :5 !y pull$ ! trigg]1 & (t5 bur/1 s t !y did m h>m to !mselves ?an to _! enemies4 ,i f\nd ! arms1 h[ev]1 bett] ?an ,i expect$1 & giv+ "s ( !m fre% fl9ts & good p[d] & ball1 !y 7 prop]ly load$4 ,i !n said a few words ( enc\ragem5t1 :i* _! *ief1 :o 0 ) me1 int]pret$1 & told !m to behave l m51 & take c>e ( me1 & !y w\ld be prop]ly paid4 ,! m5 answ]$ "o & all1 t !re 0 no fe> b t !y w\ld take good c>e ( ! ,engli% ,milord1 z !y call$ me1 & (f we />t$ 9 high spirits = ! opposite side ( ! p59sula4 ,! view f ,m>a?onesi 0 extremely beautiful4 ,on ! nor? ! noble ,m\nt ,taygetus1 ) its num]\s peaks1 deeply-ind5t$ gorges1 rav9es1 & its sides cov]$ d5sely ) woods1 rose t[]+ above ! cl\ds4 ,at its base !re 0 a torr5t runn+ ea/ & we/ ?r\gh a valley bord]$ by precipit\s cliffs t[>ds ! sea4 ,on ! s\? side ( ! torr5t 0 a n>r[ road1 & ! p]p5dicul> cliff on ! s\? side ( ! road 0 full ( cav]ns admirably adapt$ = ! concealm5t ( brig&s1 pirates1 & bad *>act]s ( all k9ds1 ( :i* s _m ab\nd$ 9 ! c\ntry4 ,we _h to pass ?r\gh ?is gorge1 & at ! "t !re 0 a great numb] ( ^! vagabonds conceal$ 9 ! caves1 wait+ to int]cept ! m]*ants go+ backw>ds & =w>ds to & f ,m>a?onesi4 ,i 0 w>n$ ( ?is1 & det]m9$ to drive ^! rascals1 if !re 7 any1 out ( ! cav]ns be=e we pass$4 ,i accord+ly told ab\t eight or t5 ( ! mo/ active ( my escort to cross ! riv] & climb ! base ( ! hill1 & to fire into ! caves1 :il/ ,i & ! ma9 body proce$$ along ! road2 & z we se>*$ ea* cave z we advanc$1 if any robb]s 7 conceal$ 9 !m1 !y c\ld n escape2 & if !y attempt$ to d s1 !y 7 expos$ to two fires4 ,we 7 ?us proce$+ cauti\sly ?r\gh ! ,pass1 & _h sc>cely well ent]$ :5 my m5 on ! opposite side ( ! valley comm5c$ fir+ into ! cav]ns1 & at fir/ !y 7 %>ply repli$ to by ! conceal$ b&its4 ,?is did n la/ long1 = ! robb]s1 :o 7 n equal to u 9 numb]s1 f\nd t !y 7 out-manuvr$1 & if !y rema9$ 9 ! caves mu/ all be tak51 & !y expect$ little m]cy f _! captors4 ,!y !re=e left ! caves1 & fl$ z fa/ z possible1 ^u see+ :i* my p on bo? sides ( ! torr5t foll[$ !m ) equal spe$1 fir+ at r&om :il/ !y w5t =w>d4 ,?is rude & desultory mode ( fight+ 0 =tunately att5d$ ) no slaught]1 al?\gh sev]al fle% w\nds occurr$4 ,my p>ty be+ ! /rong]1 we ov]took ! brig&s1 & made ?ree or f\r prison]s4 ,at ?is my p 7 delight$1 & at ! same "t exasp]at$ aga9/ !m1 & wi%$ to %oot !m4 ,i at once int]pos$1 b f\nd t my m5 7 s excit$ ) ! fight & subsequ5t pursuit1 t x 0 extremely difficult to control !m4 ,h[ev]1 aft] a little :ile ,i pacifi$ !m by say+ t x 0 unmanly & unwor?y to kill an enemy aft] he _h surr5d]$4 ,?is did n seem to h mu* impression on !m1 z !y consid]$ ! conqu]$ _! lawful prize1 & t !y might d :at !y lik$ ) !m4 ,i ultimately quiet$ !m by say+ t ,i w\ld pay a good sum p] head = ea* ( ! f\r tak51 :i* !y will+ly accept$1 fe>+ t if !y refus$ ,i %\ld report !m to _! *ief4 ,i !re=e releas$ ! captives1 :o ^u _! knees ?ank$ me = _! lives4 ,hav+ rea*$ ! end ( ! ,pass1 & ! road be+ tol]ably cle> to ! end ( ! day's j\rney1 ,i dismiss$ my escort ) ab\t t5 %ill+s ea*1 besides a capital d9n]1 & a good sum = ! captives1 ) :i* !y 7 pleas$1 & left me ) _m ?anks & *e]s1 express$ v cordially 9 _! peculi> & r\gh mann]4 ,hav+ p>t$ ) my escort1 ,i rode leisurely =w>d ) ,demetrius & ! baggage horse1 until we rea*$ ! ca/le ( a capitano1 to :om ,i _h a lett] ( introduction f my excell5t fri5d ! ,capta9 ( ,m>a?onesi4 ,on our arrival1 :i* 0 j z ! sun 0 sett+1 we f\nd ! *ief surr\nd$ by num]\s foll[]s seat$ on /one b5*es fix$ to ! gate ( ! out] wall by :i* ! ca/le 0 surr\nd$4 ,! old *ief & 8 att5dants 7 quietly enjoy+ _! pipes & c(fee1 :il/ ! c[h]ds 7 driv+ 9 ! cattle = ! night1 j z describ$ 9 ,hom]4 ,! *ief & 8 suite arose to meet me z ,i advanc$ & pres5t$ my lett] ( introduction1 :i* he receiv$ ) mu* dignity1 & welcom$ me mo/ k9dly to 8 ca/le1 & c]ta9ly a wild1 r\gh place x 04 ,)9 ! out] wall 0 plac$ ! keep or ca/le1 consi/+ ( a great squ>e t[] massively built1 conta9+ a few r\gh ap>tm5ts ) little or no furniture except a few mattresses & cu%ions1 :i* 7 remov$ dur+ ! day4 ,! space betwe5 ! ma9 t[] or resid5ce 0 fill$ ) num]\s ou?\ses & %$s = ! cattle & s]vants & gu>ds ( ! *ief4 ,aft] a %ort conv]sation we adj\rn$ to ! inn] ca/le1 & 7 %[n into ! pr9cipal room1 ab\t #cj feet squ>e1 ) div]s r[s ( l[ cu%ions plac$ all r\nd aga9/ ! walls4 ,directly aft] our arrival1 a l[ table 0 br\ght 91 & ! *ief1 8 att5dants1 myself1 & s]vant ,demetrius1 to ! numb] ( ab\t a doz51 sat d[n cross-legg$ to supp]1 :i* 0 imm$iately s]v$4 ,?is consi/$ ( /ew$ mutton1 ) vegetables1 roa/ game1 sweets1 & fruits1 :i* = ! mo/ "p we ate ) our f+]s4 ,be=e ea* gue/ 0 plac$ a bottle full ( w9e1 b !re 7 no glasses on ! table1 s t "o _h no alt]native b to dr9k out ( ! bottle1 :i* 0 refill$ sev]al times ) good r$ w9e4 ,aft] d9n] we took to our pipes & c(fee1 dur+ :i* we _h a good deal ( agreeable conv]sation1 :i* 0 *iefly devot$ to inquiries ab\t ,engl&1 9 :i* !y appe>$ to take ! greate/ int]e/4 ,aft] hav+ well supp$1 & hav+ smok$ & conv]s$ z long z we felt x agreeable1 "o by "o we dropp$ (f to sleep ^u our mattresses1 arm$1 & )\t undress+1 ready = a surprise at any mom5t4 ,i soon fell asleep1 & awoke at daybreak ?or\ghly refre%$4 ,we all got up1 %ook ourselves1 wa%$1 & took c(fee & a pipe1 & !n /roll$ ab\t till breakfa/4 ,?is ca/le is situat$ on a f9e bay on ! sea-%ore1 ne> ! base ( ,taygetus4 ,outside ! walls ( ! ca/le !re is a /raggl+ village4 ,besides fi%+-boats1 !re 7 sev]al o!rs ( a m suspici\s "*1 be+ %>ply built1 & hav+ ! appe>ance ( pirates4 ,we got a capital breakfa/ ) ! old *ief2 aft]w>ds r[$ 9 ! bay2 & !n tak+ a he>ty f>ewell ( my wor?y ho/1 />t$ = ,kitriai1 ! ca/le ( ! ,bey1 :o 0 ! nom9al *ief ( ! :ole ( ,ma9a4 ,we rea*$ ,kitriai a little be=e sunset1 & 7 mo/ k9dly receiv$ by ! ,bey1 a f9e old w>rior1 ab\t #e feet #aj in*es high1 well built1 squ>e1 & muscul>1 ) an op51 well-develop$ ,greek c\nt5ance1 ?ick m\/a*e1 & fl[+ :ite be>d4 ,!re 0 some?+ mild & g5tlemanlike 9 8 mann]1 v diff]5t to any o!r we _h met4 ,we 7 %[n to our ap>tm5ts1 :i* 7 v com=table1 ov]look+ ! sea & surr\nd+ coa/s4 ,i sp5t ! next day v agreeably 9 look+ ab\t ! adjac5t c\ntry1 :i* 0 v pretty1 b n s wild & gr& z t ne>] to ,taygetus4 ,besides ! ,bey1 !re 7 sev]al ( 8 c\nsellors1 8 secret>y1 & "o or two ,greek prie/s1 all accompli%$ p]sons1 :o spoke ! ,greek 9 its purity1 mu* to my gratification & in/ruction4 ,! t[n ( ,kitriai is ab\t ! size ( ,m>a?onesi1 b n ne>ly s neat & clean1 nei!r _h x s mu* trade4 ,on ! morn+ aft]1 we />t$ at daybreak1 & proce$$ along ! coa/ to ,calamata4 ,?is t[n rank$ ab\t ! ?ird 9 ! ,morea1 & 0 !n do+ a good trade2 b1 l all ! t[ns 9 ! ,morea1 0 mis]able & dirty1 ) n>r[ /reets1 l[ build+s1 f "o to two /ories high1 two or ?ree insignificant mosques & ,greek *ur*es1 & a squ>e ne> ! c5tre1 ) sev]al cafs1 fill$1 z usual1 ) idle ,turks & ,albanians1 smok+ _! pipes & sipp+ c(fee & %]bet1 :il/ num]\s ,greek m]*ants & ,jews 7 transact+ _! bus9ess4 ,! baza>s 7 close by1 & cr[d$ ) pur*as]s4 ,! h>b\r 0 full ( vessels & sailors ( v>i\s k9ds--,hydriote ,greeks 7among/ ! be/ sailors on ! ,m$it]ranean71 ,au/rian1 ,fr5*1 & a few ,engli% vessels1 besides a numb] ( boats call$ caiques1 & fi%+ vessels1 altoge!r a busy sc5e4 ,i took up my qu>t]s at a ,greek h\se1 z r\gh & dirty z usual1 & f\nd my heavy baggage1 s]vants1 & janiss>y :om ,i _h s5t f ,misitra4 ,next day ,i />t$ at daybreak ?r\gh a wild1 undulat+1 p>tially-cultivat$ c\ntry to visit ! two ,doric temples ( ,mess5ia1 :]e ,mr4 ,cock]ell discov]$ ! celebrat$ ,phigalian m>bles4 ,x is said t ^! m>bles 7 s5t to ,malta = sale1 ( :i* due notice 0 giv5 by adv]tisem5t1 & a c]ta9 day fix$ = ! auction1 to :i* commission]s 7 s5t by ! ,briti% & o!r ,gov]nm5ts4 ,! sale1 h[ev]1 by "s mi/ake1 took place at ,a!ns4 ,! ,briti% ag5t1 n be+ aw>e ( ?is1 rema9$ at ,malta4 ,!re 0 !re=e no p]son pres5t to bid on ! "p ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t1 & !y 7 knock$ d[n to ! ,bav>ian ag5t4 ,:5 ?is 0 ann\nc$1 ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t refus$ to deliv] up ! m>bles1 ^u ! plea t ! sale ought to h tak5 place at ,malta4 ,! matt] rema9$ 9 abeyance until ! ,peace ( #ahad1 :5 ! ,bav>ian sov]eign 0 9 ,engl&4 ,c]ta9 negotiations !n took place1 & ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t ultimately agre$ to give ! m>bles up to ,bav>ia1 ^u condition t a complete set ( ca/s 0 s5t to ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,by ?is un=tunate affair ,engl& lo/ a valuable prize2 & ?is loss 0 ! m annoy+1 because1 hav+ already obta9$ ! ,elg9 m>bles1 ! ,phigalian m>bles--:i* repres5t$ an e>li] /age ( ,greek art--w\ld h r5d]$ ! ,engli% collection ! mo/ complete 9 ! _w4 ,i sp5t ! great] "p ( ! day at ,phigalia 9 measur+ & sket*+ ! temples1 :i* are situat$ ^u a hill comm&+ a f9e view ( ! picturesque surr\nd+ c\ntry4 ,i took up my qu>t]s 9 a ,greek h\se1 got supp] z soon z possible1 & w5t to b$1 ) ! cu/om>y annoyance ( v]m94 ,! c\ntry ar\nd 0 naturally ri* & f]tile1 b left1 z usual1 almo/ 9 a /ate ( nature4 ,undulat+1 ) clumps ( wood scatt]$ ab\t1 x resembl$ a good deal ! p>k-l sc5]y ( ,engl&4 ,!re 7 num]\s flocks ( %eep & goats & a few h]ds ( cattle fe$+ ^u excell5t h]bage1 gu>d$ "h & !re by wild1 %eph]ds1 arm$ ) guns & yatagans4 ,! peasantry appe>$ v poor & ragg$1 b1 not)/&+1 _m ( ! wom5 _h skull-caps made ( gold co9s /rung toge!r1 call$ mahm\dies1 ab\t ! size ( a sov]eign4 ,?is compos$ _! :ole weal?2 & x is a curi\s fact t ^! head-dresses 7 respect$1 & nev] /ol54 ,! m5 also1 & 9 "s cases ! wom51 _h ! girdles r\nd _! wai/s fa/5$ toge!r by l>ge discs ( silv] ab\t ! size ( a small plate4 ,?us !re 0 a /range contra/ ( weal? & pov]ty exhibit$ 9 ! same p]son4 ,we />t$ e>ly next day1 & at noon on ! second day rea*$ ! ,alpheus1 ! mo/ consid]able riv] 9 ! ,morea1 & :i* fl[s ?r\gh ! fam\s pla9 ( ,olympia4 ,! riv] ,alpheus "h 0 #aej to #bjj y>ds broad1 b =tunately ! wat]s 7 l[1 al?\gh we _h "s difficulty 9 cross+ )\t swimm+ our horses4 ,9 ! ,olympian pla9 !re 7 sc>cely any rema9s wor? notic+1 ?\gh num]\s fragm5ts ( m>ble1 brick1 & pott]y are /rew$ ab\t4 ,we got "s v r\gh qu>t]s = ! night 9 a village ne> ,olympia1 & next day1 pass+ ov] a simil> k9d ( c\ntry1 rea*$ ,patras be=e sunset1 at :i* we greatly rejoic$1 z we 7 tol]ably tir$ ) our r\gh j\rney 9 ! ,morea4 ,i succe$$ 9 gett+1 z ,i ?\ght1 clean1 com=table qu>t]s 9 a respectable ,greek h\se4 ,i 0 %[n up/airs into a l>ge well-furni%$ room1 ) app>5tly a delici\s-look+ b$ cov]$ ) a sn[-:ite c\nt]pane4 ,!y gave me an excell5t d9n] & "s good w9e1 aft] :i*1 be+ v tir$1 ,i ?rew myself on ! outside ( ! b$ = a nap4 ,i slept mo/ s\ndly = ab\t five or six h\rs1 & :5 ,i awoke x 0 q d>k2 ,i felt all ! torm5ts ( ! damn$1 = ,i 0 almo/ dev\r$ by imm5se bugs4 ,i jump$ out ( ! b$ 9 an in/ant1 rubb+ my face1 :i* 0 cov]$ ) blood & bugs1 & /ruck a light1 :5 ,i f\nd t ! b$ too 0 almo/ cov]$ ) !m4 ,i v soon caught "s doz5s1 ,i may almo/ say hundr$s2 ,i undress$1 & cle>$ my clo!s ( !m1 !n dress$ myself1 & wait$ until daylight1 be+ resolv$ n to tru/ to a ,greek b$ aga91 b to my own mattress4 ,i sp5t ! next day at ,patras quietly1 & !n />t$ (f on my return to ,a!ns1 tak+ ! circuit\s r\te by ,delphos1 ,livadia1 ,euba1 ,negropont1 & ,m>a?on4 ,we coa/$ along ! s\? %ore ( ! ,gulf ( ,lepanto1 pass$ our old fri5d ! ru9$ conv5t ne> ,vo/izza1 & d9$ at ! h\se ( a ,greek m]*ant ne>1 :o k9dly invit$ & treat$ me mo/ hospitably4 ,aft] d9n]1 j be=e ,i dep>t$1 our wor?y ho/ said he w\ld %[ me a curiosity1 & )\t m ado he br\ght out a l>ge tub full ( black snakes ea* ab\t f\r feet long2 at ! ^w ( comm& all ^! reptiles leap$ out ( ! tub & began danc+ ab\t ! table1 at :i* ,i got consid]ably al>m$1 :5 my ho/ bur/ out laugh+1 & said !y w\ld d me no h>m unless ,i irritat$ !m1 :i* ( c\rse ,i _h no idea ( do+4 ,i !re=e look$ quietly on1 & 9 a %ort "t he call$ to !m & !y quickly leap$ back into ! tub4 ,he said ^! snakes ab\nd$ 9 ! cornfields :i* _h j be5 reap$1 b !y 7 timor\s1 & nev] did any h>m unless provok$2 _! bite 0 n dang]\s1 al?\gh = a "t x occasion$ a good deal ( inflammation4 ,i p>t$ f my wor?y ho/ ) _m ?anks1 & !n hir$ a l>ge boat to take myself1 s]vants1 horses1 & baggage across ! gulf to ,scalo1 on ! opposite side4 ,we rea*$ ! l&+-place ab\t sunset1 aft] a f\r h\rs' voyage1 & proce$$ to a c>avans]ai close by = ! night4 ,?is 0 a mo/ wret*$ place1 9 ! middle ( a m>% fill$ ) l>ge frogs & mosquitoes innum]able2 & :at ) ! l\d croak+ ( ! frogs1 & ! bites ( ! mosquitoes & bugs1 x 0 impossible to sleep ) any degree ( com=t4 ,!re 0 a p>ty ( ,turks & ,albanians at ! c>avans]ai :o suff]$ z mu* z we did2 be+ unable to sleep1 !y rev5g$ !mselves on ! kangh or ma/] ( ! c>avans]ai1 & belab\r$ him ) _! /icks mo/ unm]cifully1 & left him )\t pay+ = any?+4 ,! poor fell[ compla9$ to me bitt]ly2 b un=tunately ,i c\ld give him no r$ress4 ,z soon z x 0 daylight we />t$ also2 ,i paid him h&somely1 al?\gh we _h sc>cely any?+ f him1 b liv$ on our own provisions4 ,he 0 v grateful1 & hop$ to see me aga91 b ,i told him t 0 v improbable4 ,z we cle>$ ! m>% & got among/ ! spl5did m\nta9 sc5]y1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* ! classic ,m\nt ,p>nassus re>$ 8 maje/ic head1 t[]+ above ! :ole1 ! f9e fre% air completely reviv$ u4 ,we pass$ ,salano1 surr\nd$ by olives1 & breakfa/$ "u ! trees1 mu* to our com=t4 ,a little be=e noon on ! #bf? ( ,may we rea*$ ! village ( ,ka/ri1 ! site ( ! celebrat$ ,delphos1 situat$ at ! base ( ,m\nt ,p>nassus4 ,enhanc$ z x is by classical recollections1 ! magnific5ce ( ! surr\nd+ sc5]y x is impossible to describe2 let x suffice to say ,i %all nev] =get x4 ,( ! temple & spr+ sc>cely any?+ rema91 & a good deal mu/ be left to ! imag9ation4 ,i desc5d$ into a small pla/]$ well1 said to be ! anci5t ,ca/alian spr+1 :i* is situat$ 9 a cav]n at ! base ( ! m\nta92 "h ! oracle 0 said to h be5 plac$1 & al?\gh ,i 0 n inspir$1 nev]!less ,i c\ld n dive/ myself ( ! sanctity ( ! place & ( ! wond]ful influ5ce :i* ! oracle once held ov] ! anci5t _w4 ,! surr\nd+ sc5]y1 ) ,p>nassus t[]+ above ! cl\ds1 add$ mu* to my en?usiasm1 :i* 0 increas$ by ! sight ( sev5 or eight f9e eagles so>+ ov] our heads & scream+ wildly4 ,i 0 delight$ ) ! sc5e1 & only regrett$ t ,i _h n "t to asc5d to ! summit ( ,olympus4 ,aft] a halt ( ?ree or f\r h\rs1 dur+ :i* ,i d9$1 ,i />t$ 9 high spirits = ,livadia1 :]e we halt$ = ! night4 ,?is 0 a r l>ge t[n1 ) ext5sive cotton manufactories1 seat$ on ! side ( a l(ty hill ov]look+ ! ,lake ,copais & ! f]tile pla9 ( ,!bes4 ,we got tol]able qu>t]s "h1 n =gett+ ! ev] pres5t bugs & mosquitoes4 ,next day ,i visit$ ! anci5t ,or*om5us1 ! rema9s ( :i* are v inconsid]able1 consi/+ ( ! treasury1 simil> to t ( ,myc5e1 b elliptical in/ead ( circul>2 also ( ! citadel4 ,i also visit$ ! anci5t lion ( ,*rona1 :i* is tol]ably p]fect1 cut out ( ! solid rock4 ,return$ to ,livadia to sleep4 ,on ! #bh? ,may ,i exam9$ ! cave ( ,trophonius4 ,! wea!r 0 v hot1 z x 0 ! latt] end ( ! mon?4 ,i !n travell$ on until1 pass+ ?r\gh ! mis]able mod]n t[n ( ,?iva1 = ( ! anci5t celebrat$ ,!bes !re are no rema9s wor?y ( notice1 we took a r\te to ! nor?-ea/1 & ent]$ a defile1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* !re is ! beautiful tranquil ,lake ( ,copais ab\t f\r miles long1 ^u :i* "s wild swans & ducks 7 enjoy+ !mselves4 ,! next day we 7 (f at daybreak1 & on our way exam9$ ! kolavo?ora or outlet at ! l[] end ( ,lake ,copais1 :i* 0 a r\gh1 unf9i%$ tunnel cut ?r\gh ! s&/one rock2 by means ( ?is tunnel ! surplus wat]s ( ! lake are dis*>g$ into ! sea1 o!rwise ! lake w\ld ov]fl[ & totally subm]ge ! surr\nd+ pla94 ,?is is a consid]able "w1 b is n c>ri$ f> en\gh2 if x 7 ! :ole lake w\ld be laid dry1 a l>ge quantity ( valuable & f]tile soil w\ld be ga9$1 & ! surr\nd+ di/rict r5d]$ mu* m heal?y4 ,f !re we proce$$ ?r\gh an arid1 /ony1 undulat+ c\ntry to ,negropont4 ,^u rea*+ ! %ores ( ! arm ( ! sea :i* divides ! isl& ( ,negropont f ! ma91 & :i* is sc>cely #bjj y>ds wide at ! n>r[e/ po9t1 al?\gh v hot1 ,i /opp$ to make a sket* ( ! beautiful sc5e2 hav+ done ?is we proce$$ across ! bridge :i* connects ! isl& ) ! ma9l&1 to ! =tifi$ t[n ( ,negropont4 ,! t[n is surr\nd$ by a /rong wall ) circul> t[]s at ! angles2 ^! t[]s m\nt "s heavy guns1 p>ticul>ly t[>ds ! sea front1 :]e !re is a casemat$ batt]y1 incapable1 h[ev]1 ( resi/+ ! broadside ( a heavy frigate4 ,?is t[n at ! "t ( my visit 0 g>rison$ by fi]ce1 bigot$ ,turks1 :o _h ! utmo/ contempt = ,*ri/ians1 nev]!less ) a c]ta9 respect = ,europeans1 p>ticul>ly ! ,engli%4 ,! *ief inhabitants 7 ,greeks1 :om ! ,turks kept 9 ! mo/ p]fect subjection4 ,! int]ior ( ! t[n consi/$ ( n>r[ /reets ) l[1 mean h\ses1 & a few mosques1 ,greek *ur*es1 baza>s1 cafs1 c4 ,!re 0 v little trade1 al?\gh ! place is well adapt$ = x1 z ! isl& is ri* & f]tile4 ,we got into a ,greek h\se & made ourselves z com=table z we c\ld1 & "o ( my ,greek s]vants = great] protection reque/$ "o ( my old hats1 :i* ,i gave him1 & ( :i* he 0 v pr\d1 al?\gh x contra/$ /rangely ) 8 picturesque ,greek co/ume4 ,!re 0 no?+ to be se5 9 ! t[n1 & z we did n appe> to be welcome gue/s1 ! soon] we left ! bett]1 s ! next day ,i />t$ = ,m>a?on1 hav+ s5t ! heavy baggage d[n to ,a!ns1 :i* ,i expect$ to rea* ! same ev5+4 ,?is r5[n$ battle-field int]e/$ me exce$+ly2 x is ab\t two miles wide1 & is b\nd$ by ! sea on ! ea/1 & ! ranges ( ,m\nts ,hymettus & ,p5telicus on ! we/4 ,i fanci$ 9 my en?usiasm t ,i c\ld discov] ! positions ( ! diff]5t comm&]s1 _! manuvres1 & 9 fact ! :ole battle f beg9n+ to end4 ,i rema9$ !re sev]al h\rs1 until ne> sunset1 & !n left ) ,demetrius at a h&-gallop1 expect+ to rea* ,a!ns 9 ! c\rse ( a c\ple ( h\rs or s4 ,we _h no guide1 & ?\ght t our mo/ direct c\rse lay ?r\gh ! wood on our "r1 :]e !re 0 a conv5t1 :i* w\ld s]ve z a halt+-place if necess>y4 ,(f we />t$1 & 7 soon 9 ! wood1 :i* became ?ick] & ?ick] z we advanc$2 ! road1 :i* at ! fir/ 0 only a horse-track1 n[ became fa9t] & fa9t]2 & at la/ we lo/ x altoge!r4 ,! sun _h n[ set1 & ! %ort twilight _h disappe>$4 ,aft] fl\nd]+ ab\t ! wood = "s "t1 our horses came to a dead /op1 & nei!r :ip nor spur w\ld make !m budge an in* f>!r1 b !y back$1 snort+ viol5tly1 & re>+ occasionally s z almo/ to unseat u4 ,we c\ld see no?+1 x be+ q d>k1 & c\ld n imag9e :y our horses _h come to su* a dead /&2 we !re=e ?rew ! re9s on _! necks & all[$ !m to h _! own way2 & mo/ =tunately we did s1 = !y _h m s5se ?an _! ma/]s4 ,:5 left to !mselves !y imm$iately turn$ r\nd & w5t back = "s di/ance1 !n turn$ to ! left & comm5c$ a v rapid desc5t1 occasionally slid+ = a consid]able di/ance2 sometimes los+ _! foot+1 !n slipp+ & slid+ aga91 s t we c\ld h>dly keep our seats4 ,at la/ we came to ! bottom1 cle>$ ! wood1 & rea*$ a grass pla94 ,x 0 n[ ab\t midnight2 we did n "k :]e we 7 or :]e ! conv5t 02 9 fact1 we 7 lo/1 s t !re 0 no alt]native b to picket our horses & lie d[n on ! grass till morn+4 ,al?\gh v tir$ & hungry we _h no?+ to eat2 we accord+ly wrapp$ ourselves 9 our cloaks & lay d[n & slept until sunrise4 ,:5 we woke we f\nd ourselves at ! bottom ( a p]p5dicul> cliff above #hj feet high2 we n[ saw ! cause ( our horses' halt ! night be=e2 we 7 do+ all we c\ld to =ce !m ov] ?is precipice1 b by a m]ciful ,provid5ce _! in/9ct sav$ u4 ,we 7 s9c]ely grateful = our escape1 & %udd]$ to ?9k h[ n>r[ly we _h miss$ a t]rible cata/rophe4 ,we !n look$ = our horses1 b !y 7 n[h]e to be se52 we at once conclud$ t !y mu/ h be5 /ol5 by robb]s1 :o 7 said to be num]\s 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,aft] se>*+ ev]y:]e = ab\t a mile r\nd1 we at la/ obs]v$ !m quietly fe$+ "u a hill1 & _h v little difficulty 9 cat*+ & m\nt+ !m4 ,we rode to ! conv5t :i* 0 close by1 & :i* = ! d>kness we c\ld n f9d ! previ\s night4 ,"h we got a capital breakfa/1 & re/$1 & ! good monks hav+ he>d our /ory1 congratulat$ u on our escape1 n only f ! precipice b f ! robb]s4 ,we d9$ "h also1 & rode to ,a!ns 9 ! cool ( ! ev5+1 :]e ,i took up my old qu>t]s4 ,be=e leav+ ! conv5t ,i w5t out & took a sket* ( ,a!ns1 :i* is ab\t f\r miles di/ant1 & ! surr\nd+ c\ntry4 ,! view is extremely beautiful2 9 ! front y h ,a!ns1 ) its ,acropolis1 ris+ out ( ! pla91 back$ by ! isl& ( g9a 9 ! mid/ ( ! gean ,sea1 & beyond t by ! m\nta9s ( ! ,morea2 :il/ z a =egr\nd !re is ,m\nt ,hymettus1 ) ! conv5t ris+ out ( ! woods1 & ,p5telicus on ! "r4 ,?is ,i ?9k is ! be/ view ( ,a!ns4 ,be+ aga9 settl$ 9 ,a!ns1 ,i set ab\t f9i%+ my /udies ( ! antiquities1 & tak+ sket*es ( ! neighb\rhood2 z ! wea!r 0 v hot1 be+ n[ ! middle ( ,june1 ,i />t$ (f "o morn+ be=e sunrise ) ,demetrius to take a sket* ( ! ,i/hmus ( ,cor9? & ! surr\nd+ sc5]y1 & f\nd an excell5t position :i* comm&$ ! :ole1 ne> a m>% ) a small lake 9 front4 ,i 0 s absorb$ 9 my sket* t ,i did n ?9k ( ! mal>ia1 :i* 0 v fatal 9 t place4 ,! sket* occupi$ ab\t ?ree h\rs1 & al?\gh ,i _h tak5 "s breakfa/ 9 ! op5 air1 & ,demetrius ! same1 we bo? felt v ill & return$ to ,a!ns1 & s5t directly = ! doctor1 :5 ,i f\nd t ,i _h ! mal>ia fev] 9 ! =m ( an ague4 ,demetrius 0 mu* worse1 & t[>ds night he became deliri\s1 & rema9$ s = "s "t4 ,i ralli$ 9 ?ree or f\r days1 b rema9$ v weak4 ,demetrius 0 conf9$ to ! h\se = above a =tnight4 ,al?\gh ,i c\ld g ab\t1 /ill ! fev] clung to me m or less1 & ,i c\ld d v little4 ,at ?is "t1 a s+ul> p]son1 a ,mr4 ,scott1 a fri5d ( ,"l ,byron's1 call$ ^u me & (f]$ e att5tion2 he 0 a %y1 k9d1 & well-in=m$ man1 liv+ q %ut up by himself1 seldom /irr+ out till dusk1 :5 he 0 to be se5 gallop+ r\nd ! walls ( ,a!ns q alone4 ,!re 7 also at ,a!ns1 ,mr4 ,hodgetts ,foley1 ,mr4 ,beaumont1 ,mr4 ,wadd+ton 7! late7 ,dean ( ,durham1 & ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,hanbury4 ,! latt] 0 a tall1 f9e-look+ man1 ( fair complexion1 ) long light br[n hair hang+ ov] 8 %\ld]s1 & a long be>d1 altoge!r a v /rik+ figure2 he 0 p]petually ?9k+ ( fire>ms2 s t x might well be said1 t in/ead ( be+ a man ( peace1 he 0 a man ( w>4 ,i 0 n[ introduc$ to ! ,maid ( ,a!ns1 s celebrat$ by ,"l ,byron2 %e c]ta9ly 0 a h&some & elegant "y woman1 ab\t tw5ty1 ) a v pleas+ mann] & lively & intellig5t 9 conv]sation4 ,%e _h a y\ng] si/]1 a v agreeable p]son also1 b n s h&some4 ,!y liv$ ) _! p>5ts1 :o made _! h\se a v pleasant resort = /rang]s4 ,by ?is "t1 ! beg9n+ ( ,july1 ,i 0 a great deal bett]1 & 0 recomm5d$ to take a sea voyage = *ange ( air4 ,! above-nam$ g5tlem5 _h hir$ an ,hydriote brig to take a mon?'s cruise among/ ! isl&s1 & ,i agre$ to jo9 !m4 ,we accord+ly />t$ ab\t ! end ( ! fir/ week 9 ,july1 ! wea!r /ill v hot4 ,we left ! ,piru 9 ! morn+1 & z !re 0 v little w9d we 7 becalm$ (f ,cape ,colonna1 :i* =ms ! ea/]n promontory ( ! ,gulf ( ,a!ns4 ,"h we ca/ an*or1 l[]$ a boat1 & w5t on %ore to visit ! celebrat$ temple4 ,z we l&$ we 7 mu* /ruck by ! appe>ance ( ! beautiful ru91 p]*$ ^u ! summit ( ! promontory 9 solit>y gr&eur1 & ov]look+ ! surr\nd+ coa/s & isl&s1 altoge!r =m+ a v impos+ & *>m+ sc5e4 ,:il/ 9 ! mid/ ( sil5t admiration at ?is beautiful temple1 all ( a sudd5 ,hanbury cri$ out1 8,!re goes an old hawk10 & fir$ at x imm$iately4 ,?is dispell$ ! *>m1 & we all bur/ out laugh+4 ,hav+ f9i%$ our exploration1 we return$ on bo>d our vessel to d9n]4 ,a light breeze soon aft]w>ds sprang up2 we lay-to = a %ort "t (f ! isl& ( ,syra1 & ! foll[+ morn+ got "u way = ,p>os1 a f9e l&-lock$ port1 :i* we rea*$ e>ly 9 ! day1 & l&$ aft] breakfa/4 ,we !n proce$$ to explore ! qu>ries f :i* ! celebrat$ m>ble 0 extract$4 ,^! qu>ries are situat$ ne> ! top ( a hill1 ab\t a mile di/ant f ! port1 ) a /eep brok5 road = an approa*4 ,! anci5ts1 in/ead ( op5+ out a good face1 s t ! qu>ries might be work$ to any ext5t ) advantage1 excavat$ cav]ns 9 ! side ( ! hill1 & hav+ arriv$ at ! good s\nd rock1 cut x out by w$ges & picks 9 su* masses z !y requir$1 s t ! inside ( ! qu>ry pres5t$ a long gall]y f :5ce ! /one _h be5 tak51 work$ 9 a v regul> mann] 9 /eps "o above ! o!r1 )\t any appe>ance ( wa/e2 9 fact1 ! rock is s solid t :5 work$ by pick & w$ge no bla/+ is necess>y2 inde$1 if bla/+ 7 adopt$1 x w\ld entail consid]able wa/e4 ,at ! same "t1 x appe>$ to me t if ! solid rock 0 b>$ f ! surface & a good l5g? ( face op5$ out1 ! pick-&-w$ge sy/em might be work$ to almo/ any ext5t1 ) mu* great] advantage2 & if incl9$ planes ) railways 7 made to ! port1 & a prop] emb>k+ jetty1 ) cranes1 c>ri$ out into deep wat]1 s z to enable l>ge vessels to come alongside at all times to receive _! c>goes1 ?is f9e m>ble might be qu>ri$ & export$ at a v mod]ate co/1 inf9itely bel[ ! price n[ *>g$ = ,c>r>a m>ble4 ,z ! ,p>ian m>ble is ( a beautiful :ite cream-col\r1 almo/ free f ve9s1 & ( an ev51 close texture1 ! sale w\ld be imm5se & yield an excell5t pr(it2 & consid]+ ! enorm\s price ( f9e m>ble adapt$ = sculpture1 am\nt+ to "o & two gu9eas & upw>ds p] foot cube1 accord+ to ! size ( ! block & f95ess ( ! quality1 x is a/oni%+ t ! value ( ^! qu>ries has n be5 recogniz$ be=e1 & t capital has n be5 =?com+ to "w !m4 ,! h>b\r is spaci\s1 ) ample dep?1 & well protect$ aga9/ all w9ds4 ,! foll[+ day we devot$ to ! exam9ation ( ! celebrat$ /alactite cav]ns ( ,antip>os1 a small isl& on ! nor?-we/ ( ,p>os1 & only sep>at$ f x by a n>r[ /rait4 ,we accord+ly w5t !re aft] breakfa/1 & be+ accompani$ by a suffici5t numb] ( guides ) tor*es & wax lights1 comm5c$ ! exploration4 ,we ent]$ by a l(ty ar*1 & aft] proce$+ "s di/ance came to a magnific5t *amb]1 f ! ro( ( :i* dep5d$ ! mo/ magnific5t /alactites1 _m ( !m eight & t5 feet long1 reflect+ ! light ( our tor*es l s _m diamonds4 ,f ?is hall issu$ sev]al gall]ies1 "s ( :i* _h n !n be5 explor$2 we pursu$ our way ?r\gh all :i* _h be5 inve/igat$1 & return$1 aft] a fatigu+ walk1 to ! surface4 ,?is isl&1 l t ( ,p>os1 is compos$ ( f9e1 close m>ble1 :i* might be develop$ 9 ! same mann] ) consid]able pr(it4 ,we next set sail = ,naxos2 & "h ! :ole p>ty />t$ 9 a native op5 boat to visit "s ru9s1 :i* turn$ out to be n 9 ! lea/ wor? see+4 ,we 7 fir/ becalm$ = _m h\rs1 & on our return 7 ov]tak5 by a viol5t /orm1 & only escap$1 z ! entire coa/ 0 "o wall ( almo/ p]p5dicul> rock1 by "o ( ! sailors accid5tally rememb]+ ! vic9ity ( a small creek1 into :i* ! capta91 a brave & skilful man1 manag$ to /e] u ?r\gh ! break]s4 ,we ultimately return$ to ,naxos1 aft] an abs5ce ( ?irty-n9e h\rs1 by f> ! great] "p ( :i* we pass$ )\t food1 z ! ru9s be+ only eight miles f ,naxos1 x 0 consid]$ a m]e morn+'s sail4 ,! day aft] our return we invit$ ! ,engli% ,consul1 a ,greek1 & sev]al ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants to d9n]1 & _h a jovial p>ty1 = ! ,greeks l good *e]1 & are c]ta9ly n wat] dr9k]s4 ,! w9e ( ,naxos1 ( :i* a consid]able quantity is made1 bo? = home & =eign consumption1 is excell5t2 x is *iefly :ite w9e1 resembl+ a good deal br[n %]ry1 & if well made is equally good4 ,besides w9e !y export ,velana b>k1 wool1 figs1 currants1 & o!r articles4 ,hav+ no?+ fur!r to see1 we set sail f ,naxos1 ) a lively & la/+ recollection ( our visit to ! celebrat$ antiquities1 & !n /e]$ = ,scio1 ! anci5t ,*ios1 pass+ among/ num]\s isl&s1 _m ( !m v beautiful2 "s 7 cov]$ ) woods & v]dure to ! wat]'s edge1 o!rs consi/$ ( bold b>r5 rocks ris+ p]p5dicul>ly f ! wat] to a great height1 & t]m9at+ 9 l(ty peaks4 ,! sc5e 0 ev] *ang+1 & we enjoy$ views ( wood1 wat]1 pla91 & m\nta91 comb9$ 9 ! mo/ *>m+ mann]1 & ( endless v>iety4 ,x 0 amus+ also to see h[ well ! ,greek sailors manag$ our %ip4 ,at ?is "t ( ! ye> /rong nor!rly w9ds prevail dur+ ! day1 aga9/ :i* we _h to heat4 ,9 tack+ ab\t & manuvr+ ! vessel !y %[$ consid]able skill & activity4 ,mityl5e1 :]e we next arriv$1 is a poor little place1 surr\nd$ by /eep1 l(ty hills cov]$ ) wood almo/ to _! summits4 ,!re is "s trade ( w9e & oil1 & wood & b>k4 ,i 0 mu* amus$ by a fight betwe5 my man ,demetrius & a ,turk :o insult$ him2 =tunately !y _h nei!r fire>ms nor knives1 b !y us$ _! h&s 9 ! mo/ clumsy mann] possible1 & aft] a little "t ,i p>t$ !m be=e !y _h done any mis*ief4 ,we sp5t ab\t ?ree days 9 ! isl&1 :i* is well wor?y ( a visit on acc\nt ( its ri* & beautiful sc5]y1 & !n return$ to ,scio1 :]e our p>ty sep>at$4 ,i took lodg+s1 & re/$ a few days1 = ,i 0 /ill v weak1 & liable to attacks occasionally f ! mal>ia fev]4 ,i _h sev]al enjoyable rides ab\t ?is isl&4 ,a ridge ( l(ty hills1 ext5d+ f nor? to s\?1 add$ greatly to ! picturesqu5ess ( ! sc5]y4 ,! soil is extremely ri* & f]tile1 & a l>ge quantity ( excell5t w9e1 besides oil1 silk1 fruits1 gra91 wood1 c41 is produc$4 ,a great trade is c>ri$ on ) diff]5t p>ts ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 p>ticul>ly ,con/ant9ople & ,smyrna4 ,p]haps1 ) ! exception ( ,sicily1 x is ! ri*e/ isl& 9 ! ,m$it]ranean1 & has a great numb] ( weal?y m]*ants & proprietors4 ,! port1 :i* is =m$ by a small creek1 def5d$ by two /one pi]s1 conta9$ num]\s vessels1 "s ( consid]able size1 & be>+ ! flags ( mo/ ,european nations4 ,! t[n 0 bett] & m sub/antially built ?an any ,i _h hi!rto se51 & !re 7 "s good baza>s1 ri* ) ! w>es ( ! ,ea/ & ) ,european articles4 ,! squ>e 9 ! c5tre 0 surr\nd$ by h&some cafs & h\ses1 & also "o or two l>ge mosques & ,greek *ur*es4 ,! isl& 0 gov]n$ by a ,turki% (fic] ( rank1 ) a small body ( janiss>ies & cavalry4 ,! foll[+ ye>1 #ahba1 ?is isl& suff]$ t]ribly dur+ ! ,greek revolution1 :5 ! inhabitants attempt$ to ov]come ! ,turks1 :o 7 too /rong = !m1 & %[$ !m no m]cy2 _m 7 massacr$1 & ! isl& 0 deva/at$4 ,hav+ tak5 a sket* ( ! port1 & se5 ev]y?+ ( int]e/1 ,i hir$ a ,greek op5 boat1 & emb>k$ ) ,demetrius & all our baggage = ,smyrna1 :]e ,i got tol]ably com=table lodg+s 9 a ,greek h\se4 ,smyrna is situat$ at ! s\?-ea/]n extremity ( ! gulf ( t "n1 & ext5ds nor?w>d along ! coa/ = ab\t a mile & a half4 ,! %ore ( ! bay 9 front ( ! city is l9$ ) a quay-wall1 =m$ p>tly ( wood & p>tly ( /one1 ) small wood5 jetties project+ f x at irregul> int]vals4 ,betwe5 ?is quay-wall & ! h\ses is a road1 :i* runs ne>ly along ! :ole sea-front4 ,f ?is road innum]able n>r[1 crook$ /reets lead to ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! t[n2 _m ( ^! are s n>r[ t two horses c sc>cely g abrea/4 ,! build+s = ! mo/ "p consi/ ( two & ?ree /ories4 ,! baza>s 7 num]\s1 ext5sive1 & ri*1 fill$ ) all ! commodities ( ! ,ea/1 su* z rick silks1 pla9 & brocad$1 %awls1 jewell]y1 arms1 lea!r articles1 & pipes ( all k9ds1 r\gh iron & pott]y w>e1 besides tobacco1 fruit1 & provisions4 ,all ^! baza>s 7 laid out 9 diff]5t sections1 ) a p>ticul> trade assign$ to ea*1 & 7 kept 9 tol]able ord]2 ! ,jews & ,arm5ians 7 ! bank]s1 & _h _! c\nt]s or /alls1 ) (fices beh9d1 :]e !y transact$ bus9ess to a l>ge am\nt4 ,all ! ,consuls' h\ses 7 9 front ( ! quay1 & 7 sub/antial /one build+s ( consid]able ext5t1 &1 ) ! flags ( ! respective nations :i* !y repres5t$1 _h a v impos+ appe>ance4 ,9 front ( ! quay 7 moor$ at times sev]al hundr$s ( vessels ( all nations1 & ! imm5se numb] ( boats & b>ges pass+ cont9ually betwe5 !m & ! %ore1 =m$ a mo/ busy & lively sc5e4 ,!re 7 sev]al f9e & ext5sive mosques1 :i* no ,*ri/ian 0 ev] p]mitt$ to ent]2 also _m ,greek *ur*es1 ) _! gorge\sly-b$aub$ pa9t+s repres5t+ innum]able sa9ts4 ,i att5d$ ! ,greek s]vice at diff]5t times1 b g5]ally came away any?+ b satisfi$2 _! /rong nasal tone 9 say+ pray]s1 & _! indiff]5t music & s++1 greatly disappo9t$ me4 ,t[>ds ! l& ! city 0 surr\nd$ by a high wall1 & at ea* gate 0 a /rong gu>d4 ,at ! s\? end !re 0 a k9d ( citadel on a hill1 9 :i* ! ,gov]nor resid$1 & ab\t half a mile f ! city 7 ! cemet]ies1 deeply embosom$ 9 cypress trees4 ,_m ( ! tombs 7 v pretty1 ( :ite1 well-sculptur$ m>ble1 ) inscriptions f ! ,koran engrav$ ^u !m1 & !y 7 ta/efully ornam5t$ ) g>l&s ( fl[]s4 ,! exports f ,smyrna are v>i\s1 & its trade ) ,europe is v ext5sive4 ,! articles ( export are figs1 rais9s1 silk1 oil1 b>k1 gra91 c42 figs & rais9s1 h[ev]1 are ! *ief1 & ^! are export$ to a va/ am\nt1 & c]ta9ly !y are ! f9e/ 9 ! _w4 ,!re are two crops1 ^? :i* are ripe ab\t ! end ( ,july1 :i* are mo/ly consum$ 9 ! c\ntry & neighb\rhood2 !y are mo/ delici\s1 & extremely :olesome4 ,! second crop is ripe ab\t ! end ( ,septemb]4 ,^! are ga!r$1 dipp$ 9 wat]1 !n c>efully pack$ 9 boxes & export$1 *iefly to ,engl&1 ,france1 & ! nor? ( ,europe1 & by ! "t ( _! arrival !y are cov]$ ) a ri* coat+ ( cry/alliz$ sug>1 & are fit = use4 ,at ! season ( %ipp+ ! figs1 :i* ,i witness$1 ! greate/ activity is visible ev]y:]e--! produc]s sell+1 ! m]*ants buy+1 ! pack+-case mak]s splitt+ ! wood & mak+ up ! boxes--! pack]s c>efully /[+ ! figs--! m5 load+ !m into light]s1 by :i* !y are transport$ to ! fa/-sail+ vessels wait+ = !m1 :i* are g5]ally clipp] s*oon]s ( ab\t #abj to #agj tons--! ,consuls' (fices besieg$ ) num]\s applicants = _! cle>ance pap]s--! :ole comb9$ to =m a mo/ active & indu/ri\s sc5e1 n omitt+ ! numb]less d9n]s & social p>ties at ! diff]5t hotels & c(fee-h\ses1 :i* are ?rong$ ) natives ( all nations4 ,i walk$ ab\t & witness$ ?is busy sc5e ) mu* delight & satisfaction4 ,i mu/ n omit ! melons1 bo? sweet & wat]1 & ! grapes1 :i* 7 ! mo/ delici\s ,i ev] ta/$4 ,! f9e/ rais9s are ^? call$ sultanas gr[n at ,scala ,nova1 a small port to ! s\?-we/ ( ,smyrna1 :i* ,i visit$4 ,! grapes f :i* !y are made are especially delici\s4 ,! t[n is a poor place z reg>ds ! build+s2 b1 not)/&+1 !re is a consid]able am\nt ( weal?4 ,:5 ,i 0 !re ! t[n _h rec5tly be5 visit$ by a sev]e attack ( plague1 & _m ( ! h\ses 7 %ut up1 all ! inmates hav+ di$1 &1 hav+ no heirs1 ! prop]ty belong$ to ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,:il/ ,i 0 at ,smyrna ! ,briti% ,consul 0 ,mr4 ,w]ry1 a f9e old g5tleman ( ab\t sixty-five1 ) consid]able vig\r & tal5t1 j ! man = ! place4 ,all ,briti% subjects 7 "u 8 protection1 among/ :om 7 a consid]able numb] f ! ,ionian ,isl&s1 :o 7 ! mo/ tr\blesome & d>+ vagabonds1 committ+ all ,sorts ( crimes1 & mix$ up ) e r[ 9 ! place2 ^! r[s daily occurr$1 & blood%$ & murd] n unfrequ5tly 0 ! consequ5ce4 ,old ,w]ry 0 ! arbit]1 & deliv]$ 8 judgm5ts ) great imp>tiality & ju/ice4 ,! ,turks also 7 v tr\blesome1 & frequ5tly attempt$ acts ( great b>b>ity4 ,w]ry1 h[ev]1 0 equal to ! occasion1 & at su* times w5t direct to ! ,gov]nor & claim$ an audi5ce2 he 0 at once admitt$ & seat$ at ! head ( ! divan2 !n he claim$ protection = 8 ,briti% subjects2 & :5ev] ! ,gov]nor demurr$1 ,w]ry drew 8 sword1 ?rew 8 hat d[n on ! floor1 & ?reat5$ him ) a ,briti% frigate to bl[ up ! t[n be=e 8 eyes4 ,! ,gov]nor w\ld try to pacify him by (f]+ pipes & c(fee1 & soo?+ words1 :i* ,w]ry treat$ ) contempt1 & no?+ w\ld d b releas+ ! prison]s1 :i* 0 soon effect$4 ,!n ,w]ry /rode (f 9 triumph1 sc>cely condesc5d+ to return ! ,gov]nor's salute4 ,! ,turks look$ ^u him z a madman2 b !y h always ent]ta9$ ! greate/ respect = him1 & all[$ him to h 8 way1 inv>iably call+ him ! mad ,consul4 ,nev]!less1 he 0 a mo/ k9d & wor?y man1 greatly respect$ & lik$ by 8 c\ntrym51 ! o!r consuls1 & by ! :ole population4 ,he receiv$ me ) ! greate/ k9dness & hospitality4 ,i 0 a frequ5t visitor at 8 h\se1 bo? 9 t[n & at 8 c\ntry seat1 ,bridj>1 ab\t n9e miles di/ant to ! s\?-ea/4 ,:il/ at ,smyrna ,i made acqua9tance ) my c\ntryman1 ,mr4 7aft]w>ds ,pr(essor7 ,donaldson1 a ,m4 ,p>ke1 & ano!r ,fr5* ar*itect1 :o _h j return$ to ,smyrna aft] a v successful exploration ( "s ( ! mo/ rem>kable ru9s ( ! anci5t cities ( ,asia ,m9or1 & _! portfolios 7 fill$ ) draw+s ( ^! mo/ int]e/+ relics ( antiquity4 ,i pass$ sev]al happy days 9 _! company1 & ,donaldson mo/ k9dly made out = me a map by :i* ,i might be enabl$ to visit ^! rem>kable ru9s2 ,i !re=e det]m9$ to foll[ x out z ne>ly z possible )\t delay1 & took leave ( !m ) _m ?anks4 ,on ! next day1 hav+ obta9$ ! usual firman1 ,i />t$1 9 company ) my fai?ful s]vant ,demetrius1 to explore "s ( ! ru9s ( ,ionia1 ) a ,turki% surgee1 or guide1 a janiss>y1 & a c\ple ( baggage horses1 leav+ my heavy baggage at ,smyrna4 ,aft] pass+ ?r\gh a wild1 ri*1 & almo/ uncultivat$ c\ntry1 we rea*$ ,aiasolok1 on ! ,me&]1 ne> ! ru9s ( ,ephesus1 9 ! ev5+1 & took up our qu>t]s 9 a ,turki% c>avans]ai4 ,demetrius soon prep>$ a good supp]1 laid our mattresses1 & we bo? slept s\ndly until ! morn+4 ,e inmate 0 up transact+ 8 bus9ess soon aft] daybreak1 & ,i at once salli$ =? to exam9e ! ru9s ( ,ephesus4 ,?is celebrat$ city 0 situat$ on ! left bank ( ! ,me&]1 at ! base ( an elevat$ ridge ( hills4 ,! only rema9s :i* we c\ld di/9ctly make out 0 ! amphi!atre1 ( ! re/ little c\ld be discov]$2 b num]\s fragm5ts ( columns1 cornices1 blocks ( masonry1 pott]y1 brickwork1 c41 lay scatt]$ ab\t4 ,i made a sket* ( ! :ole f ! be/ place ,i c\ld f9d4 ,! ru9s ( ,ephesus =m$ ! =egr\nd1 ) ! ,me&] & its num]\s w9d+s & ! m>%y valley flank$ by ! m\nta9s on ea* side1 :il/ 9 ! backgr\nd 0 ! mis]able t[n ( ,aiasolok1 ) its =tress & mosque on a conical hill above x1 back$ by a wild range ( m\nta9s ( consid]able elevation1 :i* complet$ ! view4 ,! sc5e 0 mo/ picturesque1 replete ) solit>y gr&eur & desolation4 ,! /illness 0 some?+ rem>kable2 no?+ 0 se5 mov+1 except at r>e int]vals a long l9e ( camels lad5 ) m]*&ise1 l$ by _! guide1 smok+ 8 pipe1 & m\nt$ on a donkey2 or "h & !re a solit>y h]on fi%+ among/ ! re$s ( ! ,me&]1 & flocks ( wild ducks1 :i* took to flight at ! slighte/ di/urbance4 ,x 0 s+ul> & melan*oly to rem>k ! ru9s ( ! ?ree mo/ celebrat$ ( ! ,*ur*es ( ! _w be=e me1 namely1 ^? ( ! anci5t ,greeks1 ,romans1 & ,*ri/ians1 dom9at$ ov] by ! ,mahometan mosque4 ,i rema9$ alone lo/ 9 contemplat+ ?is solemn & desolate sc5e = two or ?ree h\rs1 reflect+ ^u ! vicissitudes & in/ability ( human gr&eur1 & walk$ sl[ly back to ! c>avans]ai at ,aiasolok1 :]e ,i took my breakfa/1 & !n />t$ on my j\rney4 ,we sl[ly w\nd our way ?r\gh ! ,pass betwe5 ! m\nta9s at ! back ( ,aiasolok1 & desc5d$ into ! pla9 ( ! anci5t ,magnesia1 ! site ( "o ( ! sev5 ,*ur*es1 ?r\gh :i* two /reams fl[ sluggi%ly to ! sea1 & rea*$ ! ru9s ab\t a c\ple ( h\rs be=e sunset4 ,i picket$ my horse "h :il/ ,i exam9$ ! ru9s1 & s5t ,demetrius =w>d ) ! o!r horses & baggage to a village1 :]e ,i propos$ to pass ! night1 ord]+ ,demetrius to h supp] ready by my arrival4 ,! pr9cipal build+ is ! hippodrome1 :i* 0 tol]ably p]fect1 & ,i took "s pa9s to measure x accurately1 :i* occupi$ me ab\t two h\rs4 ,!re 0 no?+ else wor?y ( rem>k1 al?\gh !re 7 num]\s fragm5ts ( build+s scatt]$ ar\nd4 ,i met a ,turki% ,aga1 h&somely acc\tr$ & well m\nt$1 att5d$ by a s]vant1 :o wat*$ my movem5ts ) consid]able att5tion1 & politely acco/$ me4 ,hav+ f9i%$ my "w1 ,i m\nt$ & gallop$ (f to ! place ( my r5dezv\s z quickly z possible4 ,pass+ ?r\gh ! adjac5t =e/ ,i obs]v$ some?+ l hammocks slung to ! trees ab\t #aj or #ab feet f ! gr\nd2 ^!1 ,i le>n$1 7 ! sleep+ places ( ! %eph]ds :o att5d$ _! flocks 9 ! neighb\rhood1 & z !re 7 no habitations ne>1 !y slept 9 ^! hammocks to keep !mselves out ( ! influ5ce ( ! mal>ia1 :i* is v fatal 9 ^! p>ts4 ,ab\t sunset ,i rea*$ my de/9ation1 :i* 0 situat$ at ! head ( a valley surr\nd$ by l(ty m\nta9s4 ,!re 0 a clu/] ( mis]able mud huts1 b no place fit to sleep 91 s ,demetrius 0 oblig$ to take possession ( an op5 %$1 ) a b>e mud hut adjo9+1 9 :i* he plac$ ! baggage1 spread my mattress 9 ! %$1 & laid out ! table atta*$ to my cante5 9 ! op5 air 9 front1 ^u :i* he _h got ready a tol]ably good supp]4 ,?is cante51 x %\ld be m5tion$1 0 a v sm>t affair2 all ! ut5sils 7 plat$ on ! outside & gilt on ! inside1 &1 be+ q new1 _h a v /yli% & attractive appe>ance3 x 0 mu* f9] ?an ,i want$1 & _h be5 s5t out f ,engl& by my bro!r4 ,no soon] _h ,i sat d[n to supp]1 ?an ,i 0 surr\nd$ by a consid]able numb] ( ,kurds1 wild-look+ fell[s1 arm$ to ! tee?1 :o _h come f _! own c\ntry ) _! flocks1 = ! ri* pa/ure :i* ?is c\ntry af=d$4 ,_! encampm5t 0 close by4 ,!y appe>$ v fri5dly1 & admir$ my turn-out ) great satisfaction1 ?9k+1 no d\bt1 t x 0 real gold & silv]4 ,i treat$ !m v c\rte\sly1 gave !m w9e1 c(fee1 & tobacco1 = :i* !y appe>$ v ?ankful1 & we p>t$1 z ,i ?\ght1 excell5t fri5ds4 ,x 0 a f9e summ] ev5+1 & soon aft] became d>k4 ,! ,kurds retir$ ) _m ?anks1 & be+ tir$ ,i lay d[n = ! night on my mattress )\t tak+ (f my clo!s1 :il/ ,demetrius & ! o!r s]vants 7 9 front1 & ! horses picket$ be=e !m1 hav+ only _! gir?s slack5$1 s t we 7 ready = a />t at any al>m4 ,i exam9$ my pi/ols1 my m5 did ! same1 & we all retir$2 b ,i 0 v re/less & fev]i%1 & c\ld n sleep1 al?\gh excessively we>y4 ,i 0 cont9ually r\s$ by ! b>k+ ( ! great ma/iffs :i* 7 kept by ! %eph]ds to drive (f ! wolves & pan!rs 9 ! vic9ity4 ,at la/1 t[>ds midnight1 ,i fell fa/ asleep4 ,i awoke all ( a sudd5 to f9d two fi]ce-look+ ,kurds by my side1 "o ) a pi/ol close to my head1 ! o!r fl>+ a light$ tor* 9 my face1 ) "o h& ?ru/ "u my pill[1 to /eal my purse & valuables4 ,i sat up directly & secur$ my pi/ols2 see+ ?is1 ! fell[ ) ! pi/ol pull$ ! trigg]1 b =tunately x only fla%$ 9 ! pan4 ,i at once fir$4 ,i ?9k ,i hit him some:]e1 = he utt]$ a l\d cry1 & in/antly took to flight ) 8 companion4 ,my m5 awoke at ! noise1 jump$ up directly1 & fir$ also4 ,by ?is "t we 7 surr\nd$ by ! ,kurds1 & _h a h&-to-h& fight = a few m9utes1 :5 ,i call$ to my m5 to m\nt & gallop (f z quickly z possible4 ,i did ! same1 & (f we w5t at full spe$1 leav+ ! baggage beh9d4 ,we c\ld d no o!r1 = by ?is "t ! :ole tribe 0 on ! al]t2 !y came runn+ to ! help ( _! companions1 & comm5c$ fir+ at u4 ,=tunately x 0 h>dly daylight1 & !y c\ld n see u cle>ly4 ,9 ord] to avoid ! %ots t :i/l$ pa/ u1 we cr\*$ d[n ^u our saddles1 & soon got out ( _! rea*4 ,!y did n foll[ u1 ei!r be+ det]r$ by ! /\t resi/ance we _h made1 or be+ satisfi$ ) ! booty :i* !y _h got4 ,to h rema9$ long] w\ld h be5 madness1 = we %\ld soon h be5 ov]p[]$1 & probably all murd]$1 z !re 7 at lea/ ?irty or =ty ( !m1 & we 7 only five4 ,we nev] pull$ bridle until we _h made ab\t six or eight miles2 x 0 !n broad daylight1 & ! sun 0 j ris+ above ! horizon2 we cont9u$1 h[ev]1 at a sm>t pace1 pass+ ?r\gh a ri* & p>tially cultivat$ valley1 until1 ab\t sev5 o'clock 9 ! morn+1 we rea*$ a small t[n1 :]e ! ,aga1 or ,turki% ,gov]nor ( ! di/rict resid$4 ,"h we /opp$ at ! c>avans]ai1 tol]ably tir$ ) our morn+'s ride ( ab\t sev5te5 miles1 & he>tily ?ankful = our provid5tial escape4 ,aft] a good wa%1 & breakfa/1 ,i s5t my janiss>y1 a gallant fell[1 to dem& an audi5ce ( ! ,aga1 :i* he grant$ at midday4 ,i w5t accord+ly1 %[$ my firman1 & !n relat$ my /ory by means ( an int]pret]4 ,! ,aga 0 a f9e-look+ man1 ab\t =ty1 surr\nd$ by 8 divan & a numb] ( well-arm$ ,t>t>s & gu>ds4 ,he li/5$ to my tale ) ! utmo/ gravity & att5tion1 & !n bur/ out into a viol5t rage at ! indignity :i* ,i _h suff]$1 & said t su* an insult to an ,engli% g5tleman _h nev] occurr$ be=e 9 8 di/rict1 & he w\ld lose no "t 9 br++ ! (f5d]s to ju/ice4 ,he 0 mo/ p>ticul> 9 inquir+ z to ! place :]e ! (f5ce _h occurr$1 & ! numb] & description ( my assailants1 & !n ord]$ a /rong body ( well-arm$ & well-m\nt$ ,t>t>s to ! place1 ) /rict ord]s to br+ !m to him imm$iately2 9 ! meantime he ord]$ c(fee & pipes to be s]v$1 & (f]$ me any money ,i requir$4 ,he also ask$ me :]e ,i 0 go+4 ,i told him t ,i 0 go+ s\?w>ds = two or ?ree days4 ,he !n said t ^u my return he %\ld be happy to see me aga91 :5 he w\ld h all ! culprits 9 cu/ody = me1 & if ,i c\ld id5tify !m he w\ld h _! heads tak5 (f directly4 ,i took my leave1 ) _m ?anks = 8 c\rtesy2 to :i* he repli$1 ) ! greate/ civility1 t he 0 too happy to be ( any s]vice to an ,engli%man4 ,i left soon aft]w>ds1 & cross$ ano!r m\nta9 ridge1 pass+ ?r\gh a wild1 desolate c\ntry1 & desc5d$ into a f]tile valley1 ?r\gh :i* a small riv] w\nd its tortu\s c\rse4 ,on ! way ,i exam9$ ! ru9s ( ! anci5t ,pri5e1 seat$ on a hill on ! "r side ( ! valley4 ,"h ,i saw consid]able rema9s ( "s temples ( ! ,ionic ord]1 besides ! relics ( num]\s o!r build+s1 :i* x 0 v difficult to def9e4 ,?is city 0 surr\nd$ by a /rong wall ( massive masonry1 consid]able rema9s ( :i* 7 visible4 ,we cross$ ! riv] by a =d1 & took up our qu>t]s = ! night among/ ! ru9s ( ,miletus4 ,!re 7 only a few scatt]$ wret*$ hovels 9 ! vic9ity1 b none ( !m fit = our accommodation2 ,i !re=e pref]r$ ! op5 air1 & det]m9$ to biv\ac among/ ! ru9s2 z ,i _h already provid$ myself & my p ) mattresses & cov]lets1 & a good supply ( provisions1 ,i felt myself com=table & indep5d5t4 ,i 0 r\s$ ab\t daybreak by some?+ tugg+ h>d at my pill[2 ^u jump+ up ,i descri$ a l>ge wolf close by1 ) sev]al m ne> him4 ,i imm$iately laid hold ( a /\t /ick1 & dealt him a heavy bl[ on ! head4 ,?is ar\s$ ,demetrius & ! s]vants1 :o fir$ sev]al %ots at ! o!r wolves1 & !y all scamp]$ (f z quickly z possible1 s t we _h no fur!r mole/ation4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ ,i set ab\t exam9+ ! ru9s1 ( :i* !re 7 b few2 ! pr9cipal 0 ! !atre1 b ev5 ( ?is1 except "s massive walls1 !re 0 little rema9+4 ,i made a sket*1 ) ! ,lake ,b(i & ! m\nta9s beh9d x = a backgr\nd1 ! :ole =m+ a v beautiful picture4 ,we !n w5t on to ,yirondi1 :i* we rea*$ ab\t f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 & got com=table qu>t]s 9 ! c>avans]ai4 ,! next morn+ ,i proce$$ to exam9e ! ru9s ( ! celebrat$ ,temple ( ,apollo ,didymu4 ,?is is "o ( ! l>ge/ & mo/ magnific5t specim5s ( ! ,ionic ord]1 & well wor?y ( ! att5tion ( e travell] :o takes an int]e/ 9 ar*itecture4 ,i 0 mu* pleas$ ) & in/ruct$ by x4 ,( ! front columns sev]al 7 /ill /&+1 & num]\s fragm5t>y blocks ( pill>s1 entablature1 p$im5t1 & sub/ructure lay scatt]$ all ar\nd1 ! :ole be+ ( ! mo/ elaborate workman%ip4 ,:5 entire x mu/ h be5 a v magnific5t "w ( art1 z ! rema9s evid5tly %[4 ,aft] f9i%+ my exam9ation1 ,i det]m9$ to return to ,smyrna z quickly z possible1 hav+ mu* to d be=e my t\r 0 complet$4 ,i accord+ly />t$ soon aft] midday1 al?\gh ! wea!r 0 v hot1 & ! next day ,i s5t my janiss>y to reque/ an audi5ce ( ! ,aga1 :i* he grant$ me at midday4 ,he !n said t he _h captur$ all ! ,kurds1 & ord]$ !m to be br\ght f ! prison4 ,accord+ly ! :ole ( !m1 am\nt+ to ab\t ?irty 9 numb]1 7 produc$1 & m>*$ be=e me sl[ly1 :5 ! ,aga ask$ me if ,i c\ld recognize any ( !m1 9 :i* case he w\ld take c>e t ju/ice %\ld be adm9i/]$4 ,i 0 pretty well aw>e :at ?is ju/ice w\ld be1 namely1 t _! heads w\ld be tak5 (f if ,i recogniz$ !m4 ,i c]ta9ly rememb]$ sev]al ( _! faces1 b hav+ be5 robb$ only ( a few articles1 wor? ab\t eighty p\nds1 ,i did n consid] t ! puni%m5t ( dea? c\ld be put 9 comp>ison ) my loss1 al?\gh x is true !y w\ld h murd]$ me if !y c\ld4 ,i !re=e resolv$ to save !m1 z !y _h already suff]$ suffici5tly by be+ conf9$ 9 a mis]able dungeon ) sc>cely any food = f\r days4 ,!y 7 accord+ly dis*>g$1 hav+ be51 z ,i und]/ood1 pretty well puni%$1 9 addition to _! imprisonm5t1 by heavy f9es1 & p]haps sundry /ripes into ! b>ga91 s t x 0 n likely t !y w\ld attack an ,engli%man aga94 ,! ,t>t>s _h recov]$ sev]al ( my lo/ ?+s2 = ?is ,i made !m a h&some ackn[l$gm5t1 ) :i* !y 7 mu* pleas$1 & gave me _m ?anks4 ,i also r5d]$ my be/ ?anks to ! ,aga1 & we p>t$ ^u ! mo/ amicable t]ms4 ,hav+ return$ to ,smyrna1 ,i !re met my fri5d ,scott1 :om ,i _h previ\sly kn[n at ,a!ns1 & we resolv$ to proce$ at once to ,con/ant9ople by l&4 ,! fir/ night we rea*$ ! mod]n ,magnesia1 a l>ge t[n situat$ on a pla91 surr\nd$ by rude cr5ellat$ walls1 inhabit$ *iefly by a ,turki% population1 & conta9+ no?+ wor?y ( rem>k4 ,! foll[+ morn+ we proce$$ ?r\gh an op5 undulat+ c\ntry1 v f]tile1 b1 z usual1 only p>tially cultivat$4 ,"h & !re 7 ext5sive pla9s1 "s only t5ant$ by %eph]ds t5d+ _! l>ge flocks ( goats1 cattle1 & %eep1 o!rs gr[+ cotton1 maize1 corn1 beans1 & tobacco1 occasionally int]sp]s$ ) v9ey>ds2 ! inhabitants look$ poor & mis]able1 & ! villages & t[ns wore ! same appe>ance4 ,aft] a long1 h>d day's ride ( eighte5 h\rs1 we came 9 sight ( ,br\ssa1 ! anci5t capital ( ! ,turks4 ,! surr\nd+ c\ntry 0 ri* & beautiful1 & cov]$ ) luxuri\s g>d5s1 int]mix$ ) com=table villas & h\ses2 ! city1 ) its num]\s mosques & t[]+ m9>ets1 lay 9 ! =egr\nd2 :il/ ! magnific5t ,m\nt ,olympus1 above #gjjj feet high1 re>+ 8 head above ! cl\ds1 =m$ a noble backgr\nd4 ,:5 )9 a mile ( ! city ,i felt v tir$ & ?ir/y4 ,j !n a c\ntryman approa*$1 & (f]$ u "s bun*es ( magnific5t grapes1 :i* ,i accept$ ) mu* gratification1 & gave him a h&some pres5t4 ,i dev\r$ !m voraci\sly4 ,we rea*$ ! c>avans]ai at sunset1 & z !re 7 a great numb] ( travell]s1 we got b poor accommodation4 ,i awoke ab\t ?ree 9 ! morn+ ) a viol5t di>rha1 :i* cont9ually increas$1 until ,i became s exhau/$ t ,i c\ld sc>cely move4 ,x turn$ out to be dys5t]y1 & my fri5ds consid]$ t x mu/ end fatally4 ,be=e leav+ ,engl& ,i _h consult$ my fri5d1 ! late di/+ui%$ ,dr4 ,james ,johnson1 z to :at 0 to be done "u simil> circum/ances1 & he recomm5d$ l>ge doses ( calomel z ! only & be/ means ( cure4 ,i _h provid$ myself ) ?is1 & took x accord+ly1 ) ! assi/ance ( :i* ,i ralli$ consid]ably1 & we !n det]m9$ to proce$ at once to ,mondania1 on ! %ores ( ! ,sea ( ,m>mora1 :]e we %\ld f9d mu* bett] accommodation4 ,(f1 !re=e1 we w5t1 )\t be+ able to see any?+ fur!r ( ! beauties ( ,br\ssa4 ,i 0 mu* fatigu$ ) ! j\rney1 & imm$iately aft] our arrival took to my b$4 ,"h ! dys5t]y came on m viol5tly ?an ev]4 ,i aga9 _h rec\rse to a l>ge dose ( calomel1 & ord]$ ,demetrius to get "s *ick5 bro? z soon z possible4 ,?is ! good fell[ got ready )\t delay4 ,i swall[$ z mu* z ,i c\ld1 & !n fell back on my mattress p]fectly exhau/$4 ,i 0 deliri\s = f\r or five h\rs2 b at ! end ( t "t ,i broke out into a viol5t p]spiration2 ! calomel _h done its "w effectually1 & ,i became consci\s & tranquil1 al?\gh v weak4 ,! disease1 h[ev]1 _h be5 arre/$1 & ,i recov]$ rapidly4 ,i rea*$ ,con/ant9ople at la/ by sea1 & aft] a day or two ( repose ,i rega9$ my /r5g? & salli$ =? ) a janiss>y to exam9e ! ,moslem capital4 ,i fir/ paid a visit to our ambassador1 ,mr4 ,fr]e4 ,he receiv$ me mo/ k9dly1 & ask$ me to d9n] ! next day4 ,! ent]ta9m5t 0 sumptu\s1 & ,i sp5t a delightful ev5+4 ,i 0 aft]w>ds frequ5tly invit$ to ?is mo/ hospitable h\se1 & always receiv$ ! same k9d att5tion1 ev] return+ f x bo? amus$ & in/ruct$4 ,mr4 ,fr]e 0 a v accompli%$1 unassum+ g5tleman1 ev] ready to protect 8 c\ntrym52 he dis*>g$ 8 on]\s duties 9 su* a mann] z to ga9 ! respect ( ! ,turks 7:i* 0 v difficult 9 ^? days71 z well z t ( ! corps diplomatique & =eign]s ( e nation1 & ! respect & affection ( 8 own c\ntrym54 ,i also frequ5tly visit$ ! hospitable h\se ( our wor?y & mo/ excell5t ,consul1 ,g5]al ,c>twright4 ,he 0 a man above ! common ord]1 & no "o 0 bett] calculat$ to deal ) ! ,turks2 frank1 op51 c\rage\s1 hone/1 & decid$1 und]/&+ ?or\ghly ! p he _h to deal )1 & nev] fl9*+ f 8 duties1 firmly uphold+ 8 c\ntrym5 :5 "r1 b no less inflexible 9 refus+ 8 support :5 wrong4 ,he 0 hospitable & sociable to a degree1 yet )al nev] neglect$ ! lea/ ( 8 duties1 & 0 univ]sally respect$ & belov$4 ,con/ant9ople has be5 (t5 describ$1 & is n[ s well kn[n t ,i ne$ n we>y my read] ) any detail$ description4 ,b z ,i 0 !re at a "t :5 ! re=ms ( ! ,sultan ,mahm\d _h n long comm5c$2 :5 ! janiss>ies 7 /ill 9 exi/5ce2 :5 ! old ,turki% bigotry1 insol5ce1 & fanaticism 0 at its height2 :5 ! fi]ce vig\r :i* _h =m]ly c>ri$ out its conque/s 0 ne>ly ext9ct1 & ,european ideas & civilization _h n yet dawn$2 :51 9 %ort1 ! ,gov]nm5t 0 mo/ corrupt1 & ! :ole ,turki% population sunk 9 indol5ce & s5suality1 a few r\gh notes ( :at ,i !n saw may p]haps n be unacceptable4 ,among/ ! sights dur+ my %ort /ay 0 ! m>riage ( "o ( ! ,sultan's daught]s1 :i* 0 made ! occasion ( great ftes1 & among/ o!rs a gr& t\rnam5t or display ( dj]id4 ,?is consi/$ ( a numb] ( horsem5 extremely well m\nt$1 ea* arm$ ) a %ort blunt$ d>t1 :i* !y hurl$ at "o ano!r1 & ^? :o receiv$ ! greate/ numb] ( hits 7 decl>$ to be los]s ,! game 0 v excit+1 & ! display ( horseman%ip & ! activity & skill ( ! rid]s 7 wor?y ( ! highe/ admiration4 ,!re 0 also ano!r sight equally new & beautiful1 ! sultan proce$+ 9 /ate to ! mosque ( ,/4 ,sophia dur+ ! ,bairam4 ,x 0 a v impos+ spectacle1 all ! actors 9 x be+ clo!d 9 ! anci5t picturesque co/ume--long fl[+ robes ( endless v>iety ( brilliant col\rs1 furs1 & turbans ( e %ape1 ^? worn by ! ,sultan & 8 great (fic]s m\nt$ 9 gold & silv] & /udd$ ) preci\s /ones4 ,! ,sultan's body gu>d consi/$ ( ab\t "o hundr$ f9e-look+ m5 we>+ dresses ( ! mo/ brilliant col\rs1 ri*ly ornam5t$ ) gold embroid]y1 & hav+ on _! heads helmets ( f9ely poli%$ brass1 surm\nt$ by a cresc5t ( ! same metal1 be+ ?ree to f\r feet long1 on ! top ( :i* 7 fix$ plumes ( ! f9e/ :ite o/ri* fea!rs1 fl[+ on all sides4 ,! ,sultan1 clo!d 9 a spl5did d>k sable pelisse1 ) a gre5 turban ornam5t$ ) ! plumes ( a bird ( p>adise1 set 9 a mo/ co/ly diamond aigrette1 rode 9 ! mid/ ( !m1 m\nt$ on a magnific5t pure :ite ,arabian *>g]1 cov]$ ) h\s+s ri*ly embroid]$ ) gold4 ,he 0 a v h&some1 /]n1 dignifi$-look+ man1 ab\t fifty1 ) %>p1 pi]c+ black eyes1 m\/a*e1 & be>d2 8 nose %ort & well develop$1 & a m$ium-siz$1 well-def9$ m\?2 8 :ole appe>ance 0 v /ately1 grave1 & solemn1 express+ maje/y1 firmness1 & c\rage4 ,z ! procession mov$ sl[ly1 sil5tly1 & maje/ically along1 ?r\gh a d5se mass ( spectators1 ev]yone 0 impress$ ) awe & admiration1 & c]ta9ly x 0 "o ( ! mo/ unique & f9e/ sights ( ! k9d ,i _h ev] witness$4 ,i aft]w>ds saw a review ( sev]al ?\s& ( ! ,ottoman troops1 consi/+ ( infantry1 cavalry1 & artill]y4 ,^!1 ?\gh inf]ior 9 discipl9e & me*anical contrivances to ,european armies1 nev]!less express$ a degree ( fi]ce & en?usia/ic c\rage1 mix$ ) a ?or\gh contempt ( ,*ri/ians1 :i* inspir$ !m ) ! confid5ce t !y c\ld ov]:elm all _! enemies1 & plant ! cresc5t ov] ! cross ) triumphant success4 ,con/ant9ople prop] 0 inhabit$ *iefly by ,turks imbu$ ) ! mo/ bigot$ hatr$ & contempt = ,*ri/ians1 & x 0 att5d$ ) n a little dang] to g among/ !m4 ,z ,i walk$ boldly along ,i 0 frequ5tly salut$ by fi]ce sc[ls & curses l\d & deep1 & sometimes ) a small %[] ( /ones1 :i* b = ! pres5ce ( ! janiss>y1 :om !y fe>$1 might h be5 att5d$ ) s]i\s consequ5ces4 ,^! janiss>ies1 a c]ta9 numb] ( :om 7 atta*$ to e embassy = _! protection1 7 call$ pig-keep]s by _! comrades1 :o consid]$ !m z an inf]ior class4 ,! /reets = ! mo/ "p 7 n>r[1 crook$1 & dirty to a degree2 "h & !re 0 a f9e /one mansion1 inhabit$ by "s ,turki% gr&ee1 b ?is pres5t$ only a dead /one wall to ! /reet4 ,! population ( ! city g5]ally look$ poor1 mis]able1 & oppress$4 ,i tri$ to visit ! mosques1 b ! fanaticism ( ! ,ottomans 0 s great at t "t t no ,*ri/ian 0 p]mitt$ to ent]1 & ,i 0 m ?an once1 :5 try+ to p5etrate ! out] c\rt ( "o ( !m1 driv5 away by a %[] ( /ones4 ,on ! arrival ( a fre% ambassador f any ,*ri/ian c\rt a special firman1 all[+ him to visit ! mosques1 0 issu$1 :5 ! diff]5t /rang]s 9 ,con/ant9ople at ! "t 7 all[$ to accompany him4 ,! ambassador & suite on ^! occasions 7 always accompani$ by a /rong gu>d ( janiss>ies1 = protection4 ,x happ5$ t a little "t previ\s to my visit ! new ,russian ambassador1 ,c\nt ,/rogan(f1 arriv$1 & obta9$ a special firman to visit ! mosques1 :5 he 0 accompani$ by two or ?ree hundr$ ( 8 own c\ntrym5 & o!r /rang]s1 att5d$ by a /rong gu>d ( janiss>ies4 ,:il/ 9 "o ( ^! edifices1 a ,fr5*man1 x is said1 spat ^u ! pavem5t2 imm$iately a cry ( horror 0 utt]$ by ! prie/s & assi/ants1 ! mosque 0 defil$2 ! al>m 0 rais$1 :i* spread l wildfire1 & ! place 0 quickly surr\nd$ by a va/ multitude ( angry ,turks1 _m ( :om ru%$ into ! mosque1 %\t+ = v5geance on ! infidels :o _h desecrat$ _! temple1 & attack+ !m ) ! mo/ savage f]ocity4 ,! ambassador & 8 foll[]s 7 oblig$ to def5d !mselves & fight = _! lives4 ,! doors 7 %ut1 & !re !y 7 oblig$ to rema9 until ! ,gov]nm5t s5t ano!r /rong body ( janiss>ies to rescue !m f _! p]il\s situation1 :i* !y did ) ! greate/ difficulty2 & :il/ !y 7 escort$ back ?r\gh ! /reets1 !y 7 assail$ ) yells1 curses1 & missiles ( e description2 _m 7 s]i\sly hurt1 & !y _h "s difficulty 9 escap+ ) _! lives4 ,at ,b\yukd] ,i sp5t sev]al days at a com=table ,greek hotel1 & 0 mu* amus$ at see+ two or ?ree grave ,turks ent] ! hotel "o ev5+ & engage a private room4 ,= a "t ev]y?+ w5t on quietly4 ,!n came a mo/ trem5d\s noise1 & %\ts ( all k9ds2 9 fact1 !y 7 gett+ v drunk4 ,!n all 0 sil5t1 & ,i imag9$ !y 7 s5seless2 b %ortly aft]1 to my great surprise1 !y salli$ =? & ent]$ _! boat app>5tly q sob]4 ,i aft]w>ds ask$ ! ,greek wait] :e!r ! wat] !y _h drunk _h r5d]$ !m s noisy4 ,he repli$1 laugh+1 8,no2 !y _h two bottles ( rum apiece40 ,he said1 f>!r1 t x 0 _! con/ant practice1 especially dur+ ! ,ramadan1 to g pr[l+ ab\t 9 se>* ( "s quiet place :]e !y might indulge4 ,kn[+ ?is1 "s ( ! proprietors ( ,greek inns1 aft] clos+ ! front door1 left a private "o op51 & all[$ none b ,turks to ent]1 n ev5 appe>+ !mselves :5 !y did4 ,! ,turks1 see+ ! coa/ cle>1 w\ld ent]1 & pres5tly f9d a room 9 :i* 0 a table cov]$ ) good ?+s1 bo? to eat & dr9k1 :]eupon !y help$ !mselves lib]ally1 & aft] leav+ a h&some donation on ! table1 walk$ out z quietly z !y came 91 satisfi$ ) hav+ *eat$ _! religion & satisfi$ _! appetites )\t anyone be+ ! wis]4 ,con/ant9ople is suppli$ ) wat] f five res]voirs1 situat$ on ! we/]n base ( ! ,little ,balkan ,m\nta9s1 & communicat+ ) ! city by /one conduits4 ,!y 7 orig9ally built by ! ,byzant9e emp]ors1 & _! pres]vation 0 en=c$ by repeat$ imp]ial edicts1 "s ( :i* are /ill pres]v$ 9 ! ar*ives ( ,con/ant9ople2 a heavy f9e 0 impos$1 am\nt+ to a p\nd ( gold = e ounce ( wat] tak5 f ^! res]voirs by any individual )\t express p]mission4 ,! wat] = ,p]a is suppli$ f ! s\!rn res]voirs1 ne> ,bagt*e1 by means ( a conduit1 ^u :i* are plac$ at c]ta9 int]vals holl[ /one columns1 call$ s\s t]rasi1 :i* rise to ! level ( ! s\rce f :i* ! wat] is tak52 ! wat] 9 ! conduit rises up ^! pill>s ne>ly to ! same level1 & ?us acts z a safety valve1 ov]com+ ! friction ( ! wat] 9 ! conduit1 =c+ x =w>d to ! level requir$ at ,p]a1 & s reliev+ ! pressure ^u ! upp] surface ( ! conduit1 :i* o!rwise w\ld be bl[n up ?r\gh su* a long l9e1 _h x n a v5t to relieve ! pressure4 ,?is +5i\s idea 0 ! inv5tion ( ! ,turks1 & 0 adopt$ = ! purpose ( sav+ ! exp5se ( ! l(ty /one aqu$ucts us$ by ! ,romans & _! successors4 ,"s exp$i5t ( ?is k9d became inevitable1 z !y _h no iron pipes l>ge or /rong en\gh4 ,9 mod]n times a simil> device1 call$ ! /&-pipe1 is occasionally employ$ to relieve ! pump+ eng9es2 b su* is n necess>y along ! l9e ( ! conduit1 because ! mat]ial ( ! conduit is made ( ca/ iron ( su* dim5sions t x is /rong en\gh to m ?an amply resi/ ! pressure ( ! highe/ column ( wat] :i* x may be necess>y to employ4 ,! :ole ( ! sides ( ! m\nta9s :]e ! res]voirs are plac$ us$ =m]ly to be cov]$ ) d5se woods1 & :5 ,i visit$ ! res]voirs 9 ,octob]1 #ahbj1 no?+ c\ld be m beautiful2 b aft] ! massacre ( ! janiss>ies1 ab\t a ye> & a half subsequ5t to my visit1 a remnant took possession ( ! =e/1 & committ$ intol]able acts ( brig&age1 until ! ,ottoman ,gov]nm5t1 ?or\ghly r\s$1 surr\nd$ ! entire =e/ ) troops1 & de/roy$ x & its inmates toge!r4 ,!re is also a f9e aqu$uct1 b !re c be v little d\bt t prop] means are n tak5 dur+ ! ra9y season to pres]ve & /ore ! wat] nature !n places at _! disposal4 ,if ?is 7 done1 ! s]i\s evil ( dr\ght w\ld be avoid$2 & means are n[ be+ tak5 to ensure a m con/ant & bett] supply4 ,?is sc>city ( wat]1 = ! same reason1 has be5 felt 9 ,london & o!r great cities4 ,we %all cont9ue to suff] f ^! dr\ghts until m5 come to und]/& t only a c]ta9 & kn[n quantity ( wat] falls ^u ! e>?1 & t at c]ta9 p]iods2 & t x is necess>y to /ore ! surplus wat]s to supply ! defici5cy ( ! dry season4 ,?is great tru? is =tunately n[ beg9n+ to be fully appreciat$ 9 ! civiliz$ _w1 & x is to be hop$ t we %all no long] he> ! cry ( sc>city ( wat]4 ,on leav+ ,con/ant9ople ,i took passage 9 a native vessel = ,alex&ria4 ,pass+ d[n ! ,hellespont1 at its n>r[e/ po9t ,i rem>k$ ! positions select$ by ,x]xes = erect+ 8 fam\s d\ble bridge1 or r two bridges1 "o tak+ a nor?-we/ & ! o!r a nor?-ea/]ly direction4 ,an anci5t au?or1 ,polynus1 says 8t !y connect$ toge!r a va/ numb] ( %ips ( diff]5t k9ds--"s long vessels ( fifty o>s1 o!rs ?ree-bank$ galleys--to ! numb] ( ?ree hundr$ & sixty1 on ! side t[>ds ! ,eux9e ,sea1 & ?ree hundr$ & ?irte5 on t ( ! ,hellespont4 ,! =m] ( ^! 7 plac$ transv]sely2 b ! latt]1 to dim9i% ! /ra9 ^u ! cables1 9 ! direction ( ! curr5t4 ,:5 ^! vessels 7 firmly fa/5$ to ea* o!r1 !y 7 secur$ on ea* side by an*ors ( great /r5g?--on ! upp] side1 t[>ds ! w9ds :i* set 9 f ! ,eux9e2 on ! l[] side1 t[>ds ! gean ,sea1 on acc\nt ( ! s\? & s\?-ea/ w9ds4 ,!y left1 h[ev]1 op5+s 9 ?ree places suffici5t to af=d a passage = ! light vessels :i* might h occasion to sail into ! ,eux9e or f x4 ,hav+ done ?is1 !y ext5d$ cables f ! %ore1 /ret*+ !m ^u l>ge cap/ans ( wood4 ,= ?is purpose !y did n employ a numb] ( sep>ate cables1 b unit$ two ( :ite flax ) two ( byblos4 ,^! 7 alike 9 ?ickness1 & app>5tly s 9 goodness2 b ^? ( flax 7 9 proportion mu* ! m solid1 weigh+ n less ?an a tal5t to e cubit4 ,:5 ! passage 0 ?us secur$1 !y saw$ out raft]s ( wood1 mak+ _! l5g? equal to ! space requir$ = ! bridge4 ,^! !y laid 9 ord] across ^u ! ext5d$ cables1 & !n b\nd !m fa/ toge!r4 ,!y next br\ght unwr\ght wood1 :i* !y plac$ v regul>ly ^u ! raft]s4 ,ov] all !y ?rew e>?1 :i* !y rais$ to a prop] height1 & f9i%$ ! :ole by a f5ce on ea* side1 t ! horses & o!r bea/s ( bur!n might n be t]rifi$ by look+ d[n ^u ! sea40 ,?is bridge ( boats1 = su* x may be prop]ly call$1 resembl$ mat]ially ^? con/ruct$ by ! mod]ns4 ,! addition ( ! susp5sion cables1 :i* connect$ bo? ends ( ! bridge ) ! %ore1 mu/ h contribut$ greatly to its /r5g?4 ,! float+ bridges us$ 9 mod]n w>f>e1 h[ev]1 h ?is advantage ov] ^? con/ruct$ by ! anci5ts 7( :i* t devis$ by ,x]xes 0 a v fav\rable specim572 ! boats or pontoons ^u :i* su* bridges are n[ erect$ are specially con/ruct$ = ! purpose1 & an army on ! m>* c c>ry ^! pontoons1 l o!r baggage1 & :5 necess>y a bridge c be built 9 a v %ort "t4 ,:5 ! army has pass$ ! riv] ! bridge c readily be tak5 to pieces & ! mat]ials transport$ else:]e1 to s]ve ! same purpose aga94 ,an enemy pursu+1 unless provid$ ) simil> appliances = con/ruct+ a bridge1 w\ld f9d 8 f>!r progress b>r$2 b 9 ! float+ bridges us$ by ! anci5ts x 0 possible = ! pursu$ to erect a bridge t w\ld be us$ also by _! pursu]s4 ,! float+ bridge by :i* ,d>ius cross$ ! ,bosphorus is said to h be5 simil> to t contriv$ by ,x]xes1 al?\gh no precise record exi/s to enable u to asc]ta9 exactly h[ x 0 fa%ion$4 ,alex&] adopt$ a diff]5t c\rse2 tak+ advantage ( su* vessels z he c\ld obta9 on ! spot1 by r[+ or sail+ he cross$ ! p>ticul> riv] or /rait :i* oppos$ 8 m>*4 ,we h a rem>kable example ( a float+ bridge on ! riv] ,d\ro opposite to ,oporto1 b ! bridge erect$ by ,x]xes seems r to h resembl$ t ?r[n ov] ! ,ad\r4 ,! only incid5t t occurr$ on our voyage to ,alex&ria 0 furni%$ by a ,turki% ,aga1 "o ( ! pass5g]s1 :o came on bo>d 9 consid]able /ate4 ,8 att5dants spread 8 c>pet on deck1 t he might att5d to 8 devotions4 ,h[ev]1 ! sea 0 s r\gh t directly he appe>$ on deck he lo/ 8 balance & roll$ ov] & ov]1 :i* greatly hurt 8 dignity4 ,he 0 v mu* enrag$1 &1 to rev5ge himself1 imm$iately set to "w belab\r+ ! un=tunate capta9 ) 8 cane1 say+ t x 0 entirely 8 fault = giv+ !m a f\l w9d1 ?\gh all ! "t x 0 bl[+ mo/ fav\rably1 ?\gh r too fre% = ! ,aga's com=t4 ,i bur/ out laugh+1 b soon *eck+ myself1 int]c$$ = ! poor capta9 & got him (f1 :ile ! ,aga retir$ to 8 cab9 & deliv]$ himself ov] to seasickness4 ,! situation *os5 = ! city ( ,alex&ria1 :i* ,alex&] ! ,great f\nd$ z ! emporium ( ! ,m$it]ranean aft] ! de/ruction ( ,tyre1 0 peculi>ly fav\rable1 = ! sev5 m\?s ( ! ,nile at t "t exi/+ 7 ill adapt$ = ! safe passage ( l>ge vessels2 all ( !m 7 m or less ob/ruct$ by b>s1 ^u :i* dur+ ! /ormy seasons !re 0 a heavy surf1 s t x 0 extremely dang]\s to attempt _! navigation4 ,alex&] !re=e resolv$ to adopt a situation totally indep5d5t ( ! ,nile1 & accord+ly select$ ,alex&ria1 z be+ ! f>!/ po9t f ! m\?s ( t riv]1 & ! lea/ affect$ by ! alluvium br\ght d[n by x1 & t :i* is c>ri$ along ! %ore by ! we/]n littoral curr5t4 ,at ! "t ! pres5t situation 0 select$ !re 0 a small isl& n f> f ! %ore4 ,?is isl& he connect$ ) ! ma9l& by means ( an embankm5t fac$ ) masonry1 ?us =m+ a d\ble h>b\r1 namely1 "o on ! ea/]n side1 :i* 0 protect$ by ! promontory b\nd+ ! bay2 & "o on ! we/]n side1 protect$ by a reef ( rocks runn+ 9 a we/]ly direction f ! orig9al isl&1 & ! project+ po9t ( ! bay to ! we/1 s t ! we/]n h>b\r 0 tol]ably well %ield$ on all sides1 ) ! exception ( ! entrances betwe5 ! rocks on ! nor?2 b ?r\gh ^! only a comp>atively small am\nt ( swell c p5etrate4 ,x conta9s space = all ! vessels t are likely to frequ5t ?is port1 & ! accommodation may be fur!r increas$1 to almo/ any ext5t requir$1 by mak+ docks inl&4 ,x is true t 9 ord] to connect ?is port ) ! ,nile above ! b>s & ! int]ior c\ntry1 a canal or o!r means ( communication 0 requisite4 ,a canal at t "t 0 ! only effectual me?od kn[n1 & ?is 0 accord+ly adopt$1 & 0 made to ! ,canopic bran* ( ! ,nile1 skirt+ along ! %ores ( ! ,lake ,m>eotis = a consid]able di/ance2 b x 0 frequ5tly fill$ up by ! s& bl[n 9 f ! des]t & ! adjac5t %ores4 ,?is s& 0 z con/antly remov$1 & ! communication betwe5 ,alex&ria & ! ,nile m or less imp]fectly pres]v$4 ,9 #ahea ! ,pa*a complet$ a l9e ( railway betwe5 ,alex&ria & ,cairo1 & ?us got rid ( ! unc]ta9ty & exp5se ( ma9ta9+ ! canal & ! riv] navigation4 ,?is railway 0 made "u ! direction ( ! late em95t eng9e]1 ,mr4 ,rob]t ,/eph5son1 & n[ a p]fect & economical communication is kept up by ?is means betwe5 ,alex&ria1 ,cairo1 & ! int]ior4 ,! ea/]n h>b\r ( ,alex&ria1 ! wat] be+ v %all[1 is n[ sc>cely us$ except = ! small coa/+ vessels2 b x does n appe> t 9 ei!r ! ea/]n or we/]n h>b\rs !re is any mat]ial t5d5cy to %oal4 ,:5 ,i 0 !re1 ,alex&ria1 al?\gh possess+ consid]able trade1 0 b a poor place comp>$ to ! pres5t city1 & all ! bus9ess ( %ipp+1 tran%ipp+1 & /or+ ( goods 0 c>ri$ on 9 a v rude & co/ly mann]1 :i* is n[ mat]ially *ang$ = ! bett]4 ,besides ,pompey's ,pill>1 ! o!r important relic is ,cleopatra's ,ne$le1 !n z n[ ly+ pro/rate4 ,?is ne$le 0 giv5 to ! ,briti% army1 & a l>ge subscription1 am\nt+ x is said to ab\t #bj1jjjl41 0 rais$ to transport x to ,engl&1 & !re to erect x 9 "s conspicu\s place 9 ! metropolis1 z a trophy ( ! signal success ( ! ,briti% army4 ,= "s reason or o!r1 nev] prop]ly expla9$1 ?is has nev] be5 done1 al?\gh sev5ty ye>s h elaps$ s9ce ! money 0 subscrib$4 ,:5 ,i return$ f ,upp] ,egypt1 9 ! mon? ( ,m>*1 #ahba1 ,i f\nd t ! ,engli% ,gov]nm5t1 aft] repeat$ applications1 _h s5t ! #8,spry1' sloop ( w>1 comm&$ by ,capta9 ,boswell1 ) my old fri5d & s*oolfell[1 ,capta9 ,wright1 ( ! ,royal ,eng9e]s1 to report ^u ! co/1 & ! be/ plan = br++ ,cleopatra's ,ne$le to ,engl&2 b ?is all end$ 9 no?+ be+ done1 al?\gh ,capta9 ,wright's report 0 v fav\rable1 bo? z to ! co/ & feasibility4 ,on rea*+ ,cairo ,i _h an audi5ce ) ! celebrat$ or notori\s pa%a1 ,mehemet ,ali4 ,he receiv$ me ) great dignity & civility1 & said t ! ,engli% 7 8 be/ fri5ds1 ^u :i* ,i c\ld n help say+ to myself1 ,?ank ,god we are n 8 subjects6 ,he 0 no d\bt a v rem>kable man--cool1 det]m9$1 able1 & c\rage\s4 ,he r$uc$ ! turbul5t rul]s & ,b$\9 tribes ( ,egypt to subjection1 & procur$ a degree ( tranquillity & peace = ! oppress$ inhabitants :i* !y _h n enjoy$ = _m g5]ations2 & if he plund]$ !m himself1 he w\ld all[ no "o else to d s4 ,nev]!less1 "o _c b be horrifi$ at ! atrocities ) :i* all ?is 0 accompani$ & accompli%$4 ,:ile "h ,i saw a few ,mamelukes :o _h escap$ ! massacre ( #ahji1 & :o 7 p]mitt$ to reside "h4 ,i 0 mu* /ruck by _! m>tial air1 _! ri*ly-embroid]$ co/umes1 & sup]bly m\nt$ pi/ols & scimit>s4 ,z a body !y 7 ne>ly ext]m9at$1 ! survivors be+ all[$ to subsi/ on ! little prop]ty sav$ f ! wreck4 ,egypt1 l ,con/ant9ople1 has s9ce be5 s well describ$1 & is n[ s well kn[n 7?\gh at t "t my j\rney to ! second cat>act 0 deem$ extraord9>y71 t x is unnecess>y = me to g ov] ! same gr\nd4 ,i hir$ a khang1 or small boat1 mann$ by a reis1 or capta91 & eight r[]s1 ) a tol]ably com=table rais$ cab9 beh9d1 divid$ into two p>ts1 9 nei!r ( :i*1 h[ev]1 c\ld ,i /& upright4 ,b by ?is "t ,i _h become pretty well accu/om$ to ! usages ( ! c\ntry1 & my limbs be+ tol]ably supple1 ,i did n mu* m9d x4 ,i engag$ ! khang at s mu* p] mon?1 ,i f9d+ provisions = myself & s]vants1 ! reis agree+ to d ! same = himself & 8 crew4 ,hav+ /ock$ my boat ) ev]y?+ we 7 likely to require = f\r mon?s1 ,i emb>k$ at ,b\loe1 accompani$ by my s]vant ,demetrius & a janiss>y4 ,we came to an*or e night ne> ! mo/ conv5i5t village1 & />t$ next morn+ soon aft] daybreak4 ,at midday ,i halt$ = an h\r1 & sometimes m1 9 ord] to all[ ! capta9 & 8 crew to take _! d9n] com=tably1 :il/ ,i & my s]vants took ours4 ,:5 ! w9d 0 unfav\rable ! crew 7 oblig$ to r[ or track ! boat aga9/ ! curr5t2 at su* times ,i us$ to l& & walk along ! bank1 gun 9 h&1 explor+ ! adjac5t antiquities or ! surr\nd+ c\ntry2 & ,i f\nd t ,i c\ld easily keep pace ) ! boat4 ,:]e !re 0 any object p>ticul>ly wor?y ( rem>k1 ,i _h ! boat moor$ z ne> to ! bank z ,i c\ld1 :il/ ,i w5t a%ore1 exam9$1 sket*$1 & measur$ ! objects 9 "q at my leisure1 & 9 ?is way ,i took measurem5ts ( all ! edifices ( any note4 ,:5 !re 7 none1 ,i us$ to indulge 9 a sport+ excursion1 & f\nd ample amusem5t4 ,i n only procur$ _m int]e/+ objects ( natural hi/ory1 b %ot num]\s wild f[l1 t 7 a v welcome addition to my table4 ,?us ,i pass$ a v agreeable "t4 ,nev] idle = a mom5t--always employ$1 ei!r = in/ruction or amusem5t2 & my :ole "t 0 my own4 ,i c>ri$ my h\se ) me2 & :5 !re 0 no?+ int]e/+ on ! r\te1 & ,i _h fill$ my book ) sket*es1 if my j\rnal 0 9 arre>1 ,i us$ to rema9 9 ! boat po/+ x up1 :il/ we 7 sail+1 track+1 or r[+4 ,on my way up a sad accid5t depriv$ me ( ! s]vices ( my fai?ful att5dant--,i may say fri5d--,demetrius4 ,we met a boat1 hav+ on bo>d ! ,o',conor ,don1 ,capta9 ,grod+1 & ano!r1 com+ d[n4 ,!y hail$ u1 & z !y 7 %ort ( provisions1 ,i gave !m a lib]al supply1 & invit$ !m to d9n]1 ! two crews regal+ !mselves & fir+ feux de joie at ! same "t4 ,sudd5ly a trem5d\s explosion1 foll[$ by a l\d cry1 0 he>d1 & ha/5+ on deck ,i f\nd poor ,demetrius cov]$ ) blood f two deep w\nds 9 ! ?roat & brea/1 8 pi/ol hav+ bur/ 9 8 h&4 ,at fir/ ,i ?\ght x w\ld h be5 fatal1 ! effusion ( blood 0 s great4 ,i succe$$1 h[ev]1 9 ty+ up ! w\nds & /opp+ ! hemorrhage4 ,x 0 !n a "q :at %\ld be done ) him1 z ,i 0 n surgeon en\gh to cure him1 & no advice 0 to be _h4 ,9 ?is em]g5cy my new fri5ds 7 s k9d z to (f] to take him to ,cairo1 :]e he c\ld be prop]ly att5d$ to4 ,i gladly accept$ ! (f]1 & suppli$ him ) a suffici5t sum ( money1 & reque/$ !m to place him 9 *>ge ( ! ,consul1 ) directions to procure ! be/ m$ical advice1 = :i* ,i 0 ( c\rse responsible4 ,indep5d5tly ( ! accid5t1 ,i 0 mu* griev$ to "p ) him1 & 0 at fir/ greatly at a loss = 8 s]vices2 b my janiss>y1 an ,italian turn$ ,mussulman1 & :o spoke ,arabic v well1 & 0 n a bad cook1 *e]fully cons5t$ to d :at he c\ld2 & ! reis also1 a v civil fell[1 z well z 8 crew1 did all 9 _! p[] to comp5sate me = ! loss ( ,demetrius1 s t aft] a %ort "t we manag$ betwe5 u to get along pretty well4 ,i w only add "o m incid5t1 because x seems to %[ t ! s]p5ts us$ by s]p5t-*>m]s are n always depriv$ ( _! fangs1 z is usually suppos$1 b t !re is "s real secret :i* r5d]s !m h>mless or p[]less4 ,i 0 measur+ ! ,temple ( ,edf\1 :5 ,i saw a peculi>ly v5om\s s]p5t come out ( its hole1 :il/ an ,arab boy :o /ood by fix$ 8 eye /eadily ^u x ! mom5t he saw x1 ! reptile fix+ 8 eyes on ! boy4 ,! lad began wav+ 8 h&s g5tly up & d[n1 humm+ a peculi> tune 9 a l[1 monoton\s tone4 ,! s]p5t seem$ to be *>m$1 & lay p]fectly /ill1 li/5+ to & keep+ its eyes att5tively on ! boy1 :o1 f9d+ t he _h *>m$ x1 0 ab\t to secure x2 b at ?is ,i 0 s horrifi$1 t ,i took up a l>ge /one & kill$ ! reptile4 ,! boy 0 v angry1 & assail$ me ) ! mo/ vehem5t ge/ures & imprecations1 at :i* ,i laugh$ he>tily4 ,i aft]w>ds le>n$ t he 0 ! son ( a s]p5t-*>m]1 & 0 collect+ ^! reptiles = 8 fa!r4 ,9 proce$+ along ! banks ( ! ,nile1 ,i obs]v$ t ! l& incl9$ f ! m>g9 ( ! riv] to ! base ( ! adjac5t hills4 ,?is is no?+ m ?an might h be5 expect$1 z x is usual "u all simil> circum/ances1 & is caus$ by ! p]iodical inundation4 ,?us1 :5ev] ! riv] rises above ! m>g91 ! curr5t naturally dim9i%es 9 velocity z x encroa*es on ! banks1 & to a c]ta9 ext5t becomes /agnant1 & !n deposits ! alluvial matt] ) :i* ! wat]s are *>g$2 & z ! wat] spreads f>!r on bo? sides f ! ma9 body ( ! riv]1 x becomes cle>]1 & conta9s less alluvial matt]4 ,?is is a wise provision ( nature1 = x enables ! wat]s to ext5d a long way1 & ?us to irrigate a great ext5t ( l&4 ,9 ord] to ensure ?is irrigation m effectually1 x is only necess>y to keep op5 suffici5t *annels1 :i* may be done ) facility4 ,b suppose ?is 0 n ! case2 suppose ! l& f>!/ (f silt$ up fir/1 !n x w\ld be necess>y1 = ! purpose ( irrigation1 to raise ! wat] by artificial means at consid]able extra co/1 to irrigate ^? l&s f>!/ f ! riv]4 ,h[ev]1 9 process ( "t1 z ! l& rises bo? at ! sides ( ! riv] & ! p>ts m remote f x :]e !y h atta9$ ! utmo/ level ( ! floods1 rec\rse mu/ be _h to art to irrigate ! l&s1 o!rwise _! f]tility & cultivation mu/ cease1 z ! quantity ( ra9fall 9 ! l[] valley ( ! ,nile1 z x passes ?r\gh ,egypt1 is comp>atively trifl+2 9 fact1 ! f]tility ( ! c\ntry dep5ds almo/ entirely ^u ! floods4 ,x is v probable t ^! wat]s might be utiliz$ to a mu* great] ext5t by e/abli%+ l>ge res]voirs 9 ! adjac5t valleys1 :i* w\ld be fill$ dur+ ! ris+ ( ! floods2 & :5 ^! latt] h subsid$1 ! /or$-up wat] c\ld be dis*>g$ dur+ ! dry seasons = irrigation1 navigation1 & num]\s o!r purposes4 ,accord+ to ! pres5t sy/em1 a va/ quantity ( wat] is all[$ to wa/e1 & ! means ( cultivat+ a l>ge additional tract ( c\ntry1 n[ a des]t1 is lo/4 ,?is object might be c>ri$ /ill f>!r by improv+ ! *annel ( ! ,nile up to ! great lakes ( ,alb]t & ,victoria ,nyanza1 = ! mo/ "p n[ a m>%y1 pe/if]\s di/rict2 ?is w v probably be done1 z ! subject becomes bett] und]/ood2 inde$1 x is surpris+ h[ little ! advantages :i* nature (f]s u 9 ?is respect are turn$ to acc\nt4 ,! delta ( ! ,nile1 l o!r riv]s ( ! same class & magnitude "u simil> circum/ances1 advances outw>ds into ! ,m$it]ranean1 & 9 proportion z x moves =w>d1 ! dep? ( wat] increases1 & ! wid? ( ! delta becomes great]1 s t x requires a l>g] quantity ( alluvium to ma9ta9 its progress1 :i* becomes necess>ily sl[]--t is1 z f> z conc]ns ! alluvium br\ght d[n by ! ,nile4 ,b !n x mu/ be obs]v$1 t z ! delta proce$s outw>d1 ! /agnation produc$ by ! protrusion ( its apex into ! ,m$it]ranean causes a great] accumulation ( alluvial matt] to be deposit$ on bo? sides ( ! apex1 & consequ5tly two great bays are =m$1 "o on ei!r side1 al?\gh ! %ores ( ^! bays necess>ily d n advance s rapidly z ! c5tre portion4 ,9 proportion z ! sev]al bran*es ( ! ,nile advance seaw>d1 s _! c\rses become l5g!n$1 & consequ5tly ! total fall or incl9ation ( ! curr5t becomes dim9i%$1 s t x _c keep !m all op52 & h5ce1 out ( ! eight bran*es or m\?s ( ! ,nile :i* exi/$ 9 anci5t times1 only two n[ rema9--namely1 ! ,damietta & ,rosetta m\?s1 & ^! are sl[ly det]iorat+4 ,:il/ ^u ?is "p ( ! subject1 x may be advisable to make a few rem>ks ab\t ! ,suez ,canal4 ,?is great "w consi/s ( an op5 cutt+ or tr5* f ! ,bay ( ,pelusium 7,port ,said7 to ! ,r$ ,sea at ,suez1 a total l5g? ( #ii miles1 #aif feet wide at top1 #gb feet wide at bottom1 & #bf feet deep1 ) side slopes ( #b to #a4 ,at ! ,m$it]ranean end !re is a rise ( tide or v>iation 9 ! surface ( ! sea ( f #a foot to #b feet1 & at ! ,suez end f #b feet at neaps to #f feet at spr+s4 ,on ! ,m$it]ranean ! entrance to ! canal is protect$ by an artificial h>b\r compos$ ( two pi]s c>ri$ f ! %ore4 ,! we/]n pi] is c>ri$ out #bdjj y>ds 9 a /raight l9e1 po9t+ t[>ds ! nor?1 x !n incl9es slightly to ! ea/ = #ccj y>ds1 s t ! total l5g? ( ! we/ breakwat] or pi] is #bgcj y>ds1 or #haij feet4 ,! ea/]n breakwat] or pi] is c>ri$ out f ! %ore at a di/ance ( #aecj y>ds f ! comm5cem5t ( ! we/]n pi]1 & is ext5d$ 9 a nor!rly direction #bjgj y>ds1 :]e x t]m9ates at #gfj y>ds f extremity ( ! we/ pi]1 :i* con/itutes ! entrance4 ,?us ! two pi]s enclose a space ( #ejj acres1 ) a dep? )9 ( #bf feet4 ,?is h>b\r is said to be well protect$ aga9/ ! prevail+ or nor?-we/ w9ds4 ,?is out] h>b\r1 call$ ,port ,said1 is connect$ ) ext5sive quays & bas9s )91 f :5ce ! canal proce$s across ! i/hmus4 ,at #eb miles f ,port ,said !re is ,lake ,timsah2 also ,lake ,ismaila & ! ,bitt] ,lakes1 at #eg miles f ,port ,said4 ,^! ,bitt] ,lakes cov] a surface ( ab\t #ajj1jjj acres1 & w always ensure a consid]able draught or curr5t f ! ,r$ ,sea1 to comp5sate = ! l>ge am\nt ( evaporation :i* is con/antly go+ on1 p>ticul>ly dur+ ! summ] season1 & is said to am\nt to ab\t #bej1jjj1jjj cubic feet daily4 ,9 ord] to supply fre% wat] to ,suez1 ,ismaila1 & ,port ,said1 a consid]able *annel has be5 made f ! ,nile1 at ,cairo1 to ,suez & ,ismaila1 & a d\ble l9e ( ca/-iron pipes betwe5 ,ismaila & ,port ,said1 ) pump+ eng9es ( ! requisite p[] at ! =m] place4 ,! entrance to ! ,suez end ( ! canal is =m$ by an ext5sive d\ble embankm5t ?r\gh ! %oal wat]1 increas+ gradually f a wid? ( #gb feet at bottom1 to #ihj feet1 :]e !re is an op5 tidal dock1 ) #bf feet dep? at l[ wat]4 ,?is is no d\bt a v extraord9>y p]=mance1 r5d]$ rem>kable = ! va/ am\nt ( capital :i* has be5 rais$ by a s+le individual--n an eng9e]--& ! wond]ful en]gy & p]sev]ance ) :i* he has accompli%$ x1 oppos$ by innum]able ob/acles1 political & f9ancial1 :i* w\ld h daunt$ & ov]:elm$ any p]son ( ord9>y physical p[]s4 ,al?\gh z an eng9e]+ "w x is enc\nt]$ by no unusual difficulties 9 ! execution--be+ simply a matt] ( digg+ & dr$g+ ^u a va/ scale--yet x c]ta9ly entitles ,m4 ,lesseps & 8 (fic]s to ! greate/ cr$it4 ,hav+ n[ g5]ally describ$ ! canal1 let u consid] h[ f> natural ob/acles exi/ :i* %\ld cause any d\bts z to its be+ possible to ma9ta9 ! canal at su* an exp5se z w enable x to produce some?+ l a reasonable pr(it ^u ! capital exp5d$ 9 mak+ x4 ,^! ob/acles may be enum]at$ z foll[s3 ,fir/ly4 ,! alluvial matt] br\ght d[n by ! ,nile1 & t f ! prevail+ littoral we/]ly curr5t 9 ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,secondly4 ,! s&s driv5 by ! nor?-we/]ly w9ds into ,port ,said4 ,?irdly4 ,! s&s driv5 into ,suez by ! s\!rly w9ds4 ,f\r?ly4 ,! s&s driv5 into ! canal f ! surr\nd+ des]ts by ! kams91 or s\?-ea/ w9ds4 ,fif?ly4 ,f ! great evaporation :i* w take place1 & ! consequ5t requirem5t ( a correspond+ supply ( wat] bo? f ! ,m$it]ranean & ! ,r$ ,sea4 ,six?ly4 ,:e!r ! exp5ses :i* mu/ necess>ily be incurr$ 9 ov]com+ ^! ob/acles w am\nt to su* a sum z w r5d] ! canal practically useless1 t is to say1 t x w n be wor? ! :ile ( ! ,company to ma9ta9 x4 ,be=e consid]+ ^! important que/ions1 x w be "r to inve/igate ! natural causes :i* h =m$ ! ,i/hmus ( ,suez4 ,i ?9k we may conclude t ,africa 0 orig9ally an isl&1 & t by degrees ! wat]s ( ! ,r$ ,sea1 driv5 9 by ! s\!rly w9ds1 & ^? ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 driv5 by ! nor!rly w9ds1 br\ght ) !m a great quantity ( alluvial matt]2 at ! junction ( ^! wat]s ! curr5ts w\ld be de/roy$1 & ! alluvium ) :i* ! wat]s 7 *>g$ w\ld be deposit$ & =m a bank or b>1 :i* by degrees rose above ! ord9>y level ( ! sea4 ,?is bank1 once =m$1 w\ld cont9ually increase1 n only f ! alluvium br\ght 9 by ! seas1 b also f ! s&s bl[n 9 by ! nor!rly & s\!rly w9ds f ! surr\nd+ des]ts2 & ?us1 9 ! process ( "t1 ! pres5t i/hmus w\ld be =m$4 ,i ?9k t ! practical evid5ce ( ?is is und\bt$4 ,! same op]ations are /ill 9 exi/5ce1 & x is simply a "q ( "t z to ! increase4 ,hav+ discuss$ ! cause ( ! =mation ( ! i/hmus1 ,i w n[ proce$ to consid] ! objections or ob/acles above m5tion$4 ,) reg>d to ! fir/1 ! wat]s ( ! ,nile are con/antly br++ d[n alluvial matt]1 b :e!r ! quantity br\ght d[n n[ is ! same z =m]ly1 or great] or less1 is a "q :i* no?+ b exp]i5ce c decide4 ,b z f> z exp]im5ts h already be5 made1 x appe>s t ! accumulation :i* has already tak5 place is consid]able1 & if x proce$s 9 ! same ratio z hi!rto1 x mu/ %ortly become a v s]i\s "q :e!r x %\ld be remov$ or n1 & :e!r x might n be remun]ative to d s4 ,secondly4 ,) reg>d to ! s&s driv5 9 by ! nor!rly w9ds2 ^! mu/ be v consid]able1 & n be+ able to escape1 !y mu/ accumulate & t5d to fill up ! h>b\r2 ?is w necessitate con/ant dr$g+ to keep x op54 ,?irdly4 ,! s&s driv5 by ! tide & ! s\!rly w9ds into ! ,suez end ( ! canal4 ,^! also mu/ be v consid]able1 z is already ev9c$ by ! great ext5t ( %all[ wat] at ! nor!rn extremity ( ! ,r$ ,sea4 ,?is also mu/ be r$uc$ by dr$g+4 ,f\r?ly4 ,) reg>d to ! quantity ( s& :i* may be expect$ to be driv5 into ! o!r p>ts ( ! canal f ! surr\nd+ des]ts1 dur+ ! w9t] & spr+ prevail+ kams91 or s\!a/]ly gales4 ,?is quantity has be5 prov$ by "o ye>'s exp]i5ce to be n less ?an #caj1jjj cubic y>ds1 & at times x may possibly be mu* m4 ,x is propos$ to *eck ?is by plant+ ! sides ( ! canal ) trees4 ,/ill a great deal ( dr$g+ mu/ be con/antly requir$4 ,fif?ly4 ,! evaporation f ! ,bitt] ,lakes1 & p>ts ( ! canal adjac5t1 is said to be #bej1jjj1jjj cubic feet ( wat]1 :i* is equival5t to ab\t ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* daily4 ,?is wat] w h to be suppli$ *iefly f ! ,r$ ,sea2 & z x w h to pass ?r\gh su* a n>r[ *annel1 ! velocity ( ! curr5t w probably am\nt to two or ?ree miles p] h\r1 & if ! banks ( ! canal are n well secur$ by pav+1 or simil> works1 !y w be liable to be s]i\sly affect$4 ,! con/ant indraught ( ! curr5t w imp$e vessels com+ f ! ,m$it]ranean1 :il/ x w facilitate ! passage ( vessels com+ f ! ,r$ ,sea2 & 9 ! same mann] !re w be a con/ant curr5t f ! ,m$it]ranean1 b by no means to s great an ext5t4 ,^! curr5ts w also v probably br+ 9 a consid]able quantity ( alluvium4 ,!y w n1 h[ev]1 v mat]ially int]f]e ) ! passage ( /eam-vessels1 al?\gh1 if ! latt] are p]mitt$ to g at full spe$1 ! waves produc$ by !m w sc\r away ! sides consid]ably1 unless well protect$ by /one pav+1 fagot+1 or simil> works4 ,^u ! :ole1 view+ ! difficulties above m5tion$1 ! "q naturally arises1 :e!r !y are ( su* a "* z to be insurm\ntable2 & to ?is ,i ?9k we may safely say t !y are n4 ,:at has be5 done once1 z has be5 prov$ by ! completion ( ! canal1 c be done aga91 & w be ma9ta9$ ) mu* less difficulty4 ,s f>1 !re=e1 view$ simply z a "w ( eng9e]+1 x resolves itself into a "q ( co/1 or 9 o!r words1 w ! "w pay z a comm]cial speculation1 see+ t x has already co/ #bj1jjj1jjjl41 & a great deal m is /ill requir$ be=e x c be said to be q complete1 besides a v l>ge sum = annual ma9t5ance1 & :at ?is la/ item w be x is v difficult to decide1 & no?+ b exp]i5ce c prove2 /ill ! m ! canal becomes kn[n1 ! m 9 all probability w x be us$1 & !re=e ! m money w be available = keep+ x 9 repair4 ,9 addition to ! dr$g+1 x is v probable t ! pi]s1 bo? at ,port ,said & ,suez1 w h to be ext5d$ consid]ably4 ,! :ole ( ! valley ( ! ,nile1 f ! head ( ! delta bel[ ,cairo1 is bord]$ by ridges ( s&/one hills a few hundr$ feet high1 ) g5]ally a pla9 monoton\s tablel& above1 int]sect$ by num]\s rav9es2 no granite appe>s until we rea* ,ass\an4 ,9 ! vic9ity ( ?is place !re are num]\s qu>ries ( f9e granite1 *iefly r$2 ! masses are s compact t blocks ( almo/ any size may be obta9$ f ne> ! surface4 ,f ?is di/rict all ! granite = ! obelisks1 /atues1 & columns ( ! v>i\s build+s1 temples1 & pyramids on bo? sides ( ! valley h be5 tak54 ,transport$ 9 flat-bottom$ boats & rafts to ! places :]e !y 7 int5d$ to be us$1 !y 7 l&$ by means ( incl9$ planes ( wood1 ) roll]s1 & w$ges1 assi/$ by num]\s r\gh cap/ans or w9dlasses1 work$ by c\ntless gangs ( m54 ,?is "w appe>s to h be5 done ) consid]able skill1 & ! necess>y comb9$ op]ations 7 c>ri$ on simultane\sly1 by means ( well-conc]t$ signals4 ,^! op]ations are v cle>ly expla9$ by ! sculptur$ figures1 & h be5 publi%$ by ,sir ,g>dn] ,wilk9son & o!rs4 ,:il/ exam9+ ! granite qu>ries ne> ,ass\an1 ,i obs]v$ sev]al imp]fect blocks1 :i* ! ,egyptians _h comm5c$ qu>ry+1 b f\nd !m defective1 & ceas$ work+ !m4 ,! mode ( qu>ry+ seems to h be5 ne>ly ! same z we employ at ! pres5t "t1 namely1 by w$ges1 lev]s1 & pickaxes4 ,ev5 if gunp[d] _h be5 kn[n x w\ld h be5 ( v little use1 = x w\ld h 9 mo/ cases de/roy$ ! blocks1 & ! wa/e w\ld h be5 enorm\s4 ,x does n q cle>ly appe> ( :at metal ! tools 7 compos$ ) :i* !y work$ ! granite1 :e!r ( iron or bronze2 if ( ! =m]1 x mu/ h be5 case-h>d5$4 ,! poli%+ w\ld be done by attrition ) em]y or %>p silici\s s&4 ,z = ! /one1 be+ s&/one1 x 0 easily work$1 & s(t] tools only 7 requir$4 ,z soon z ,i got back to ,alex&ria my fir/ inquiries 7 = poor ,demetrius4 ,to my great delight ,i f\nd him q recov]$1 & ov]joy$ at see+ me2 b he said he _h be5 v ill = six weeks1 & _h sev]al times consid]$ himself dy+4 ,i imm$iately set to "w mak+ arrangem5ts = my j\rney ov]l& to ,pale/9e1 :5 ,i 0 sudd5ly int]rupt$ by lett]s f my fa!r1 say+ t he 0 v unwell1 & wi%+ me to come back z soon z possible4 ,i in/antly dismiss$ ,demetrius ) a v h&some gratuity1 discont9u$ my prep>ations1 &1 ?r\gh ,mr4 ,lee1 our ,consul at ,alex&ria1 hir$ a passage to ,malta 9 a m]*ant vessel4 ,i 01 h[ev]1 laid up = sev]al days at ,cairo ) fev]1 :i* 0 n pleasant1 z ! plague 0 !n rag+4 ,z soon z ,i 0 suffici5tly recov]$ ,i proce$$ to ,alex&ria1 :]e ,i f\nd t ! m]*antman _h already sail$4 ,h[ev]1 z ,i h said be=e1 ,capta9 ,boswell1 ) ,h4,m4 sloop1 ! #8,spry1' 0 !re1 hav+ ,capta9 ,wright on bo>d1 & ! latt] hav+ f9i%$ 8 report on ,cleopatra's ,ne$le1 ! sloop 0 ab\t to return to ,malta1 & !y v k9dly (f]$ me a passage4 ,?is ,i gladly accept$1 & on arriv+ at ,malta f\nd t ! plague _h brok5 out on bo>d ! m]*antman 9 :i* ,i _h engag$ a passage1 & t sev]al ( ! crew _h di$4 ,%e 0 !n 9 qu>ant9e1 & be=e long ev]yone on bo>d di$ ( ! plague1 & ,i saw ! %ip burnt4 ,i humbly ?ank$ an all-m]ciful ,provid5ce = its inscrutable dispositions4 ,at ,malta1 ?\gh bett]1 ,i /ill reta9$ ! fev]1 & consult$ ,dr4 ,groves1 ! head ( ! naval m$ical dep>tm5t4 ,he look$ v grave & said little1 b recomm5d$ me to g to ,engl& z soon z possible1 :ile he told a fri5d ( m9e t he did n ?9k ,i %\ld recov]1 ! fev] hav+ tak5 su* hold ( my con/itution4 ,h[ev]1 by ! aid ( b>k & port w9e ,i became tempor>ily myself1 & z soon z ,i 0 able ,i proce$$ to pay my visits4 ,i call$ on ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief ( ! ,m$it]ranean squadron1 ,sir ,graham ,moore1 :o gave me e assi/ance 9 8 p[]1 & introduc$ me to ,admiral ,woolley1 *ief ( ! docky>d1 to :om & 8 amiable wife ,i owe my gratitude = _! k9d hospitality4 ,!y introduc$ me to ,sir ,manly ,p[]1 ! comm&] ( ! milit>y =ces1 & f him & ! v>i\s messes ( ! regim5ts compos+ ! g>rison ,i met ) ! mo/ fri5dly reception4 ,i "h made ! acqua9tance ( ,mr4 ,/rutt1 "o ( ! sons ( ,mr4 ,/rutt1 ( ,belp]1 & ) him ,i explor$ bo? ,malta & ,gozo4 ,he %ortly aft] left = ,greece & ! ,ea/1 :]e he di$ ( mal>ia1 :i* ,i mu* regrett$1 z he 0 a rem>kably f9e1 intellig5t1 & spirit$ "y man4 ,:ile ,i 0 "h ,8 ,maje/y ,george ,,iv4's bir?day 0 celebrat$ ) ! greate/ clat4 ,at twelve o'clock ! entire g>rison 0 review$ by ,sir ,manly ,p[]1 ) ! usual salutes f ! =ts & %ips ( w>4 ,at sunset all ! guns on ! works 7 fir$4 ,?is 0 a magnific5t sight1 &1 t ,i might see x prop]ly1 ,i 0 invit$ to d9e at ! artill]y mess at ,/4 ,elmo1 f :5ce ! fir/ gun 0 fir$2 ?is 0 tak5 up by =t aft] =t until ! entire =tress seem$ 9 a blaze1 & ! :ole 0 t]m9at$ by a magnific5t b\quet ( rockets4 ,i emb>k$ = ,naples on bo>d a cutt] comm&$ by ,mr4 ,?urtle1 "o ( ! olde/ mid%ipm5 9 ! navy4 ,he 0 a v peculi> & r ecc5tric "*1 r\gh & s>ca/ic 9 mann]1 an excell5t sailor1 & a k9d-he>t$ man4 ,8 long s]vice & great exp]i5ce r5d]$ him well kn[n ?r\gh\t ! navy1 & 8 wit & good-hum\r made him a fav\rite :]ev] he w5t2 9 fact1 he 0 a privileg$ p]son ?r\gh\t ! fleet1 & enabl$ to assume a "* :i* few (fic]s ( f> high] rank ?\ght ( attempt+4 ,un=tunately he 0 ! bro!r ( t d>+ & dissipat$ crim9al :o %ortly aft]w>ds murd]$ 8 companion1 ,wel%1 at ,el/ree1 = :i* he 0 hang$ at ! ,old ,bailey4 ,?is 0 a sad bl[ to ! poor mid%ipman1 & "o f :i* ,i aft]w>ds he>d t he nev] recov]$4 ,my voyage ) him 0 mo/ agreeable4 ,he 0 v k9d & att5tive1 full ( fun & hum\r1 yet nev] = a mom5t neglect+ 8 duties1 & he kept 8 crew & %ip 9 ! mo/ p]fect ord]4 ,on l&+ at ,naples ,i got ap>tm5ts 9 ! ,gran ,bretagna 7!n1 & ,i believe n[1 ! pr9cipal hotel71 ) m ease ?an usual1 9 consequ5ce ( ! rapid advance ( an ,au/rian army1 ?irty ?\s& /rong1 comm&$ by ,g5]al ,b>on ,pirmont1 at ! reque/ ( ! ,k+ ( ,naples4 ,i saw !m ent]1 & v f9e troops !y 71 especially ! ,tyrolese yag]s4 ,lat] on1 :5 ,i wi%$ to make an excursion to ,p/um1 ,i obta9$1 ?r\gh ! k9dness ( ! colonel ( ! regim5t1 two ,tyrolese corporals z escort4 ,!y sat1 rifle 9 h&1 on ! box ( my c>riage1 & m\nt$ gu>d :ile ,i sket*$4 ,we saw sev]al ill-look+ fell[s1 arm$1 pr[l+ ab\t1 b none d>$ v5ture )9 rea* ( ! rifles4 ,lett]s f my fa!r rea*$ me "h1 say+ t he 0 a good deal bett]1 & t !re 0 no necessity = my hurry+2 ,i !re=e1 :ile /ill ha/5+ home1 ?\ght ,i might all[ myself a few days on ! road to visit ^? objects ( int]e/ :i* ,i _h previ\sly omitt$4 ,:ile at ,naples ,i also exam9$ an op5 pi]1 ( :i* !re are num]\s specim5s ab\t ! bay4 ,?is pi] is con/ruct$ 9 a peculi> mann] ( pozzolana mix$ up ) irregul>-%ap$ pieces ( brick1 m>ble1 & tufa1 or volcanic /one4 ,! pi]s 7 =m$ by enclos+ ! space 9 a wood5 dam or box1 !n fill+ x ) ! mat]ials above m5tion$1 :i* aft] a %ort "t set "u wat]1 & became a solid mass2 ! c(f]dam 0 !n remov$ & ! pi] left /&+2 !n ano!r 0 con/ruct$ 9 ! same mann]1 until ! requir$ numb] 7 complet$2 ^u ^! pi]s ar*es 7 built1 & ^u ! top ( !m a roadway & p>apet 7 con/ruct$4 ,! pi]s 7 ab\t ! same ?ickness1 or r great]1 ?an ! span ( ! ar*es4 ,! object ( ! op5+s & pi]s 0 to provide a b>ri] :i* %\ld be j suffici5t to break ! swell1 b n l>ge en\gh to ob/ruct ! curr5t1 z ! latt] prev5t$ any s$im5t f accumulat+ on ei!r side ( ! pi]4 ,?is is a v +5i\s & novel mode ( con/ruct+ pi]s1 & x is /range t a l me?od has n be5 adopt$ 9 ,engl&1 :]e ! va/ quantity ( alluvial matt] c>ri$ by ! curr5ts along our coa/s accumulates r\nd solid pi]s1 & frequ5tly fills up ! h>b\rs1 r5d]+ !m almo/ useless1 unless ! accumulat$ matt] be remov$ by dr$g+ at cont9ual exp5se4 ,:il/ breakfa/+ at ! hotel at ,pozzoli ,i felt an attack ( my old enemy1 ! mal>ia fev]1 com+ on2 ,i !re=e got back to ,naples z soon z possible1 & 0 oblig$ to g to b$1 & !re ,i rema9$ = sev]al days p]fectly helpless4 ,?9k+ x w\ld leave me1 ,i did n s5d = m$ical advice4 ,h[ev]1 f9d+ myself gradually gett+ worse1 ,i 0 recomm5d$ to s5d = ,dr4 ,roskilly1 =m]ly an army surgeon1 :o _h n[ e/abli%$ himself at ,naples z a physician1 & f 8 well-kn[n skill & c\rte\s mann]s _h obta9$ consid]able practice1 p>ticul>ly among/ ! ,engli%4 ,he came1 & ,i f\nd him su* z describ$2 he exam9$ me c>efully1 &1 aft] a consid]able "t ( grave consid]ation1 he said t ,i 0 9 a v bad way1 t ! fev] _h got su* a /rong hold ( me t x 0 cont9ually und]m9+ my con/itution1 & t1 if n spe$ily arre/$1 he c\ld n answ] = ! consequ5ces2 inde$1 ,i might n live to see ,engl&4 ,! wor?y doctor1 ) :om ,i 0 mu* pleas$1 !n left1 & promis$ to return ! next day at ! same "t1 :i* he did4 ,he !n said t he _h giv5 my case 8 utmo/ consid]ation1 & he 0 m ?an ev] conv9c$ t "s decisive measure 0 necess>y4 ,my con/itution 0 /ill good1 & /rong en\gh = ! measure he w\ld propose2 & if ,i w\ld submit to him1 he felt confid5t t he c\ld c>ry me ?r\gh4 ,he expla9$ 8 rem$y1 :i* 0 no?+ m or less ?an t ,i %\ld take blue pill1 z mu* z ,i 0 able2 ?is1 he said1 w\ld ?or\ghly eradicate ! fev]4 ,i accord+ly cons5t$1 z my case 0 desp]ate4 ,x succe$$ completely aft] ab\t a =tnight's trial4 ,i felt v weak1 b ,i 0 entirely a diff]5t man4 ,i soon began to recov] /r5g? & appetite1 & 9 ab\t ano!r week ,i 0 enabl$ to g out1 & became myself aga94 ,no d\bt ! rem$y 0 sev]e1 b ,i mu/ 9 ju/ice to ! able doctor say t he p]fectly cur$ me2 = al?\gh 9 aft] life ,i 0 frequ5tly expos$ to mal>ia influ5ce 9 ! f5s ( ,l9coln%ire1 ,wal*]51 ! wor/ p>ts ( ,holl&1 ,tunis1 & else:]e1 ,i nev] _h an attack ( ! mal>ia fev]4 ,on my way nor?w>ds ,i /opp$ two days at ,mola di ,gaeta1 :]e ! ,ap5n9es approa* ! sea1 & :]e are num]\s traces ( ! villas ( ! old ,roman ari/ocracy2 x 0 well ,i did s1 = ! brig&s _h mu/]$ 9 great /r5g? 9 ! adjo9+ m\nta9s1 & committ$ _m atrocities2 among/ o!r ?+s1 !y _h j c>ri$ (f a numb] ( pupils f a neighb\r+ s*ool4 ,! ,au/rians1 :o 7 !re 9 great =ce1 at ! reque/ ( ! local au?orities came to ! rescue4 ,a v /rong patrol ( cavalry kept ! ma9 roads1 :ile a /ill m num]\s body ( ,tyrolese swept ! valleys & p5etrat$ ! recesses ( ! m\nta9s4 ,! brig&s at fir/ defi$ _! pursu]s1 b f9d+ !mselves h>d press$1 !y kill$ _! un=tunate prison]s4 ,on he>+ ?is ! ,au/rians attack$ at once1 & hav+ sla9 a great numb]1 made ! re/ prison]s4 ,i saw ab\t ?irty *a9$ toge!r1 :o1 ,i believe1 7 all %ot ! next day4 ,! road be+ n[ cle>1 ,i resum$ my j\rney4 ,at ,flor5ce ,i c>efully exam9$ & measur$ ! celebrat$ bridge ( ! ,mo/ ,holy ,tr9ity1 by ,ammanati1 across ! ,arno1 ne> ! ,gran ,bretagna4 ,?is beautiful /ructure1 a ma/]piece 9 ! art ( bridge-build+1 consi/s ( ?ree ar*es2 ! ar*es may be t]m$ semi-elliptic1 slightly po9t$ at ! cr[n2 p]haps !y might be m appropriately t]m$ ,go?i-elliptic4 ,! slight po9t+ at ! cr[n may h be5 done to all[ = s9k+1 :i* did n take place to ! ext5t calculat$ ^u4 ,ea* ( ! ar*es is surr\nd$ ) a m\ld$ ar*ivolt ( equal ?ickness ?r\gh\t1 ) an ornam5t$ scroll or %ield 9 ! c5tre ( ! sp&ril walls support+ ! roadway1 :i* is b\nd$ by a solid panell$ bridge4 ,! pi]s are t]m9at$ by acute angul> buttresses c>v$ up to ! top1 & panell$ also4 ,! :ole is built ( m>ble1 & is c]ta9ly "o ( ! lighte/1 mo/ elegant1 & mo/ sci5tific /ructures ( ! k9d 9 exi/5ce4 ,"s d\bts z to its /ability h exi/$ at v>i\s times2 nev]!less1 x /ill exi/s )\t a flaw1 & z a model to eng9e]s & ar*itects4 ,i visit$ ! magnific5t picture gall]y ( ! ,palazzo ,pitti1 replete ) *oice specim5s ( ! great ,italian ma/]s4 ,! palace itself is a f9e example ( ! simple1 massive1 ru/icat$ /yle1 devoid ( ornam5t4 ,! effect is impos+1 & %[s :at may be done by bold1 well-def9$ masses1 )\t resort+ to t exub]ant ov]-ornam5t$ /yle1 int]mix$ ) all sorts ( col\r$ m>ble1 s mu* ! fa%ion ( ! pres5t day1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,engl&1 :]e ! climate is peculi>ly unsuit$ = x2 9 any case x c only be t]m$ a vitiat$ ta/e4 ,if ! build+ is well design$ & prop]ly gr\p$ 9 effective masses1 s z to give well-def9$ portions ( light & %ade1 !re c be no ne$ ( extrane\s ornam5ts1 z !y only detract f ! g5]al effect2 & :]e a build+ is n well design$ no ornam5t c r5d] x effective4 ,! port ( ,leghorn consi/$ ( sev]al solid /one pi]s1 :i* did n appe> to be laid out 9 ! mo/ sci5tific mann]1 & consid]able improvem5ts 7 9 contemplation :5 ,i saw x4 ,! great difficulty x has to cont5d ) is ! quantity ( alluvial matt] br\ght d[n by ! ,arno1 :i* spreads along ! coa/ = "s di/ance bo? to ! nor? & s\?4 ,?is might be obviat$ by judici\sly adopt+ ! pr9ciple ( op5 pi]s1 z inv5t$ by ! ,romans1 s z to all[ ! littoral curr5t full scope2 ?is w\ld sweep away ! alluvium z fa/ z x 0 deposit$1 & ! requisite protection f we/]ly w9ds might be easily obta9$ if ! works 7 con/ruct$ on a prop] sy/em4 ,pass+ by ,c>r>a1 ,i 0 mu* /ruck by ! wa/e consequ5t on ! clumsy me?od ( work+ ! qu>ries1 & ( transport+ & load+ ! blocks4 ,x occurr$ to me at ! "t h[ easy x w\ld be to con/ruct an iron tramway f ! qu>ries to ! %ore1 ) a suitable pi] furni%$ ) p[]ful d]ricks at its t]m9ation1 & ?is1 ) prop] ma*9]y = qu>ry+1 all ( :i* w\ld h co/ b little1 w\ld mat]ially r$uce ! price ( ! m>ble1 & consequ5tly increase ! dem&4 ,z ,i pass$ ! magnific5t & well-protect$ ,gulf ( ,spezzia1 ,i ?\ght1 8,:at a spl5did site = a naval ars5al60 ,?is idea has n[ be5 at lea/ p>tially c>ri$ into effect1 & if ! works are prop]ly design$ & execut$1 x ought to be "o ( ! f9e/ 9 ,europe4 ,! morn+ aft] my arrival at ,g5oa ,i arose e>ly1 q refre%$1 & w5t fir/ to ! h>b\r1 :i* ,i _h always he>d 0 "o ( ! f9e/ works ( ! k9d 9 ! _w1 & z su* my excell5t fa!r expect$ t ,i %\ld give him a complete acc\nt ( x4 ,i !re=e exam9$ x v m9utely1 & took great pa9s 9 trac+1 sket*+1 & measur+ x1 :5 ,i c\ld d s )\t be+ obs]v$1 = !re 0 a good deal ( jeal\sy ab\t x4 ,at fir/ sight ,i 0 v mu* /ruck by ! ext5t & magnific5ce ( ! bay1 ) ! f9e old t[n ris+ l a va/ amphi!atre ( palaces r\nd x1 surr\nd$ by a huge circle ( =ts :i* cr[n$ ! summits ( ! hills2 & by ! great ext5t & massiv5ess ( ! two out] moles1 ! dep? ( wat] enclos$ )9 !m be+ capable ( receiv+ at all times ! l>ge/ vessels ( w>4 ,b :5 ,i began to exam9e m n>r[ly ,i f\nd t !re1 0 a great error 9 ! design ( ! ma9 or out] moles4 ,! s\!rn1 :i* 0 ! longe/1 consi/$ ( two arms1 ! out] "o incl9+ inw>d at a consid]able angle1 :il/ ! nor!rn mole consi/$ ( a s+le /raight l9e project+ f ! %ore 9 a s\?-s\?-we/ direction1 s t ! entrance po9t$ s\?-s\?-we/1 & 0 consequ5tly expos$ to ! full effect ( ! sev]e gales :i* bl[ up ! ,gulf ( ,lyons dur+ ! w9t] & autumn mon?s2 ! consequ5ce is t dur+ sev]e gales f ?is qu>t] a heavy swell sets into ! entrance & produces su* a /rong curr5t ?r\gh\t ! int]ior ( ! h>b\r t vessels 9 front ( ! t[n & "u ! s\!rn mole c sc>cely ride ) safety at _! moor+s4 ,?is is a s]i\s defect1 & x might be easily rem$i$1 al?\gh up to ! pres5t ,i h n he>d t any?+ has be5 done4 ,9 ! con/ruction ( ! works !re 0 no?+ p>ticul> to f9d fault )1 b !re 0 a s]i\s error committ$ 9 ! disposal ( ! sewage2 ! :ole ( ?is 0 dis*>g$ into ! h>b\r1 s t 9 hot wea!r a mo/ disagreeable effluvia arose 9 front ( ! l[] "p ( ! t[n2 moreov]1 x caus$ ! accumulation ( a consid]able quantity ( alluvial matt]4 ,?is _h to be remov$ by con/ant dr$g+1 9 :i* convict lab\r 0 employ$4 ,! alluvium 0 empti$ into light]s & s5t out to sea to be dis*>g$4 ,! old ars5al 0 situat$ at ! s\?-ea/ corn] ( ! inn] h>b\r2 x 0 q unequal to ! requirem5ts ( mod]n times4 ,:ile ,i 0 at ,g5oa an accid5t occurr$ by :i* my old acqua9tance ! sloop #8,spry' 0 ne>ly lo/4 ,capta9 ,boswell1 hav+ s]v$ 8 "t1 _h be5 succe$$ by ano!r capta91 :o1 contr>y to /rict rule1 _h 8 wife on bo>d4 ,! ev5+ on :i* ! capta9 _h giv5 ord]s to prep>e = sail+ !re happ5$ to be a gr& ball 9 ! t[n1 & ! lady p]suad$ h] husb& to take h]1 & def] sail+ to ! morr[4 ,by ?is "t ! #8,spry' _h left ! h>b\r1 & lay at s+le an*or outside ! nor? mole4 ,dur+ ! night a /rong gale sprung up f ! s\?4 ,z ! %ip c\ld n rega9 h] old position ! (fic] 9 comm& let g two m an*ors1 b two cables hav+ p>t$ %e dragg$ h] ?ird an*or1 & 0 driv5 close to ! rocks4 ,no assi/ance c\ld be giv5 f ! %ore1 &1 z h] position seem$ hopeless1 ! (fic]s & crew took to _! boats1 & manag$ to get (f 9 safety4 ,to ! a/oni%m5t ( ev]ybody1 h[ev]1 ! la/ cable held1 & ! recoil ( ! waves1 s close 0 %e to ! rocks1 actually prev5t$ h] f /rik+1 & s %e rema9$ until ! gale abat$1 & ! %ip 0 sav$4 ,! odd "p ( x 01 t :5 ! crew 7 ab\t leav+ ! %ip my old fri5d ,dr4 ,bigg> 0 asleep 9 ! cab91 & :5 ar\s$ flew into a viol5t rage1 & ?rew a bootjack at ! head ( ! mid%ipman :o woke him4 ,aft] sev]al ineffectual attempts1 ! mid%ipman 0 oblig$ to leave him1 & he turn$ r\nd & slept s\ndly till ! morn+4 ,judge ( 8 surprise :5 he awoke & f\nd :at _h happ5$ dur+ ! night6 ,aft] pass+ rapidly ?r\gh ,france1 ,i emb>k$ f ,b\logne1 ,septemb] #bc1 #ahba1 9 a small packet1 dur+ a v /rong gale1 ) ab\t fifty o!r pass5g]s4 ,! foll[+ day we />t$ ) ! morn+'s tide ) ab\t sev5ty pass5g]s1 ( :om ,colonel ,hylton ,jolliffe1 a fri5d ( my fa!r's1 0 "o4 ,we left ,b\logne ab\t elev51 & rea*$ ,dov] at #b ,p4,m42 ,i directly />t$ by coa* = ,london1 & rea*$ my fa!r's1 #bg1 ,/am=d ,/reet1 ! same night4 ,i f\nd him 9 v bad heal?1 ly+ ^u ! s(a 9 ! pr9cipal front b$room2 he 0 glad to see me4 ,he cont9u$ 9 ! same weak /ate1 al?\gh 9 p]fect possession ( all 8 great faculties1 dictat$ to me sev]al lett]s on bus9ess1 & talk$ ( sundry new works t he 0 ab\t to und]take1 p>ticul>ly ! new ,london ,bridge1 & ! removal ( ! old "o1 :i* _h be5 = "s "t "u discussion 9 ,p>liam5t2 a ,bill = ?is purpose _h actually be5 introduc$ dur+ ! pa/ session1 & my fa!r _h be5 reque/$ to prep>e a design = x1 :i* he did1 & x 0 v simil> to t s9ce execut$ by myself4 ,my fa!r's bodily heal? appe>$ to decl9e gradually2 he 0 conf9$ almo/ to ! s(a1 & c\ld d little m ?an walk across ! room2 9 ?is mann] he cont9u$ until ! #crd ( ,octob]4 ,he w5t to b$ z usual1 p]fectly s5sible & compos$1 & hop$ t he w\ld soon be bett]1 z he 0 mo/ anxi\s to return to bus9ess & make up = lo/ "t4 ,i w5t to 8 room on ! morn+ ( ! #d? ( ,octob]1 & f\nd t a consid]able *ange = ! worse _h tak5 place2 he seem$ to be 9 mu* pa91 & 0 walk+ ab\t ! room1 evid5tly sc>cely kn[+ :at he 0 ab\t4 ,i got him into b$1 & imm$iately s5t = 8 physician1 ,dr4 ,a9slie1 :o _h kn[n him all 8 life1 b he 0 un=tunately out ( t[n4 ,! apo!c>y1 ,mr4 ,welbank1 came1 & we consult$ toge!r z to :om we %\ld s5d =1 & ultimately summon$ ,dr4 ,rob]ts1 :o1 al?\gh 9 good practice1 _h nev] se5 my fa!r1 & consequ5tly knew no?+ ( 8 con/itution or compla9ts4 ,he did ! be/ he c\ld1 b evid5tly ?\ght ! case 0 v s]i\s4 ,my fa!r lay 9 b$ all day1 almo/ unconsci\s1 al?\gh ,i ?\ght he knew me4 ,i rema9$ ) him ne>ly ! :ole day1 & ab\t five o'clock 9 ! aft]noon he appe>$ to be s9k+ fa/1 & brea!d v heavily1 :i* al>m$ u all excessively4 ,9 a %ort "t ?is ceas$1 8 features began gradually to relax1 & he brea!d 8 la/ at half-pa/ five on ! aft]noon ( ! #d? ( ,octob]1 #ahba1 9 ! sixty-fir/ ye> ( 8 age4 ,! disease :i* kill$ my poor fa!r 0 t ( ! kidneys & liv]1 z f> z we c\ld asc]ta94 ,all my bro!rs & si/]s 7 assembl$ r\nd 8 dea?b$4 ,x 0 a sad1 sad sight1 & afflict$ u mo/ sev]ely2 we _h1 h[ev]1 ! melan*oly satisfaction ( hav+ done all 9 our p[]1 ?\gh ( no avail1 to arre/ ! fatal ev5t4 ,he 0 univ]sally kn[n & respect$2 ! news ( 8 dea? spread imm$iately ?r\gh\t ! t[n1 ! public pap]s 7 fill$ ) lead+ articles giv+ acc\nts ( 8 public & private life1 & ev]ybody deplor$ 8 loss4 ,"o ( ! mo/ p[]ful & t\*+ articles 0 writt5 by 8 tal5t$ fri5d ,p]ry1 ! proprietor ( ! #8,morn+ ,*ronicle1' :o 0 !n at ,brighton 9 bad heal?1 & di$ !re ?ree mon?s aft]w>ds4 ,x seem$ to be ! univ]sal wi% t he :o _h r5d]$ s _m s]vices to 8 c\ntry & 0 s g5]ally belov$1 %\ld be buri$ 9 ,/4 ,paul's1 & arrangem5ts 7 made accord+ly4 ,! fun]al took place a few days aft]w>ds1 at elev5 o'clock1 & he 0 att5d$ to 8 la/ re/+-place by a va/ conc\rse ( lit]>y1 sci5tific1 & private fri5ds4 ,! late tal5t$ ,john ,wilson ,crok]1 ,esq41 !n ,fir/ ,secret>y ( ! ,admiralty1 wrote ! epitaph1 :i* 0 compos$ 9 ! mo/ feel+ & s*ol>-l mann] = :i* t able g5tleman 0 s p>ticul>ly well qualifi$4 #a ,let me "h relate an anecdote ( ! almo/ incr$ible in/9ct ( ! dog4 ,pass+ by ! palace ( ! ,au/rian vic]oy1 ,i obs]v$ a dog sitt+ ) an air ( pr(\nd melan*oly be=e "o ( ! s5try-boxes4 ,colonel ,br[n1 our repres5tative1 :o 0 !n ) me1 said t ?is dog =m]ly belong$ to a soldi] ( ! body-gu>d ( ,eugne ,beauh>nois1 ! vic]oy1 & accompani$ 8 ma/] to ,mosc[4 ,! man nev] return$1 b upw>ds ( two ye>s aft]w>ds ! dog did1 & resum$ 8 /ation be=e 8 =m] ma/]'s s5try-box4 ,aft] a "t ! dog came to be talk$ ab\t1 & at l5g? ! vic]oy1 an ,au/rian ar*duke1 _h him br\ght into ! palace & tri$ to dome/icate him1 b he always return$ to ! s5try-box1 :]e he lay motionless1 & at times moan+4 ,see+ ?is1 ! ar*duke ord]$ him daily rations1 & he 0 plac$ 9 ! s5try's ord]s = protection1 & 9 ?is /ate ,i saw him2 b a %ort "t aft] ! dog di$1 app>5tly inconsolable4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,eau ,br9k ,cut--,ramsgate ,h>b\r--,%e]ness ,docky>d--,plym\? ,breakwat]--,anecdote ( ! late ,mr4 ,j4 ,fox--,london ,bridge & ,approa*es--,sir ,f4 ,tr5*'s ,plan = ,quay+ ! ,?ames--,n5e ,outfall--,cross ,keys ,bridge--,norfolk ,e/u>y--,improvem5t ( ! ,)am--,an*olme ,dra9age4 ,x 0 "s "t be=e ,i c\ld recov] f ! %ock4 ,i _h be5 abs5t abroad ne>ly two ye>s & f\r mon?s1 & _h pass$ ?r\gh s _m diff]5t sc5es1 t :5 ,i return$ to ,engl& ev]y?+ seem$ p]fectly new to me2 be+ depriv$ ( my fa!r s unexpect$ly ?rew me almo/ into a /ate ( despair1 s t ,i sc>cely felt myself equal to und]take ! responsibility ( foll[+ 8 noble c>e]1 :i* ,i c\ld nev] expect to equal4 ,aft] giv+ way to my melan*oly reflections = ab\t a mon?1 ,i det]m9$ to r\se myself to ! utmo/ & to d my be/1 & ) 8 brilliant example be=e me1 & *e]$ on by 8 num]\s atta*$ fri5ds1 ,i felt t if ,i _h no *ance ( atta9+ ! same degree ( celebrity z my de> fa!r1 ,i might /ill d some?+1 & al?\gh lungo int]vllo1 ,i might /ill keep up ! "n4 ,i det]m9$ !re=e to set to "w 9 "r e>ne/ & endeav\r to obta9 "s ( my fa!r's num]\s appo9tm5ts4 ,my fir/ ambition 0 to succe$ him 9 8 num]\s great works !n be+ c>ri$ on by ! ,admiralty1 su* z ! ,plym\? ,breakwat]1 & ! new ,*a?am & ,woolwi* docky>ds4 ,t mo/ excell5t & able man1 ! late ,"l ,melville1 0 at ! head ( ! ,admiralty2 ! di/+ui%$ & gallant ,sir ,george ,cockburn1 "o ( ,nelson's (fic]s at ! ,nile & else:]e1 0 ! ,fir/ ,naval ,"l2 ,john ,wilson ,crok] & ,sir ,john ,b>r[ 7 ! ,secret>ies2 & !re nev] has be5 su* a galaxy ( tal5t at ! ,admiralty s9ce4 ,all ^! great & good m5 h s9ce pass$ away f u1 n )\t1 h[ev]1 leav+ beh9d !m indisputable monum5ts ( _! skill & ! great b5efits !y conf]r$ ^u _! c\ntry4 ,z = myself1 ,i owe !m my deepe/ gratitude1 & %all nev] =get _! k9dness4 ,i 0 appo9t$ by ! ,admiralty to succe$ my fa!r z _! eng9e]4 ,?is high hon\r at my e>ly age 7= ,i 0 only sev5-&-tw5ty7 fill$ me ) ! greate/ ?ankfulness1 al?\gh ,i felt x 0 due to no m]it ( my own1 b r to ! reg>d & respect :i* !y ent]ta9$ = my fa!r2 ,i !re=e resolv$ to d ev]y?+ 9 my p[] to r5d] myself wor?y ( x1 & set to "w ) "r good w4 ,! next appo9tm5t ,i obta9$ 0 z dra9age eng9e] to ! ,eau ,br9k ,commission]s4 ,?is 0 at t "t ! greate/ "w ( ! k9d1 at ! head ( :i* 7 ! late ,g5]al ,"l ,william ,b5t9ck1 aft]w>ds ,gov]nor-,g5]al ( ,india2 ! late ,sir ,&rew ,hammond1 ,b>t42 ! late ,sir ,*>les ,br[ne1 physician to ! ,k+ ( ,prussia2 & ! late ,?omas ,hoseason1 ,esq41 ( ,bankl&s1 9 ! di/rict ( ,m>%l&1 ne> ,lynn4 ,^! able & di/+ui%$ m5 =m$ ! ,committee = c>ry+ into effect ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut1 = ! improvem5t ( ! dra9age ( ! great level ( ! f5s1 call$ ! ,b$=d ,level1 am\nt+ to ab\t #cjj1jjj acres ( valuable l&4 ,?is "w consi/$ ( a cut = alt]+ ! *annel ( ! ,ouse1 by means ( :i* ne>ly two miles ( ! navigation ( t riv] w\ld be sav$1 & an additional fall = ! dra9age ( five feet p]p5dicul> w\ld be ga9$4 ,?is great "w _h be5 plann$ ne>ly a c5tury be=e1 b _h always be5 oppos$ by ! inhabitants ( ! f5s1 z be+ 9 _! op9ion inadequate to effect ! desir$ object4 ,at l5g?1 aft] great opposition on ! "p ( ! t[nspeople1 :o alleg$ t x w\ld ru9 _! h>b\r & trade1 ! plan 0 decid$ on1 & an ,act ( ,p>liam5t 0 obta9$1 9 ! ye> #agha1 to c>ry x into effect1 & to lay a tax ( #d;d4 p] acre p] annum ^u all f5 l&s :i* x 0 suppos$ w\ld d]ive b5efit f x2 c]ta9 gu>antees 7 giv5 to ,lynn ,h>b\r & ! int]ior navigation int]e/s1 z well z to ! own]s ( ! banks ( ! ,ouse1 t !y %\ld be indemnifi$ = any damages !y might su/a9 9 consequ5ce ( ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut be+ execut$4 ,"u ?is ,act x 0 decre$ t !re %\ld be two eng9e]s1 "o appo9t$ by ! dra9age int]e/s1 namely1 ! late ,rob]t ,mylne 7! ar*itect ( ,blackfri>s ,bridge71 & ,sir ,?omas ,hyde ,page1 ,r4,e41 z ! eng9e] = navigation4 ,^! two g5tlem5 7 to decide ! direction & dim5sions ( ! propos$ ,eau ,br9k ,cut1 :i* 0 to comm5ce bel[ ,g]man's ,bridge & to t]m9ate a %ort di/ance above ! boat :>f at ,lynn4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 diff]$ s mat]ially t x 0 necess>y to call 9 an umpire to decide betwe5 !m1 & ! late sci5tific ,capta9 ,joseph ,hudd>t1 ( ! ,tr9ity ,bo>d1 & ! inv5tor ( ! celebrat$ pat5t cable ma*9]y1 0 appo9t$ arbitrator4 ,capta9 ,hudd>t made 8 aw>d2 b :5 x 0 det]m9$ to c>ry on ! works1 x 0 f\nd t ! :ole ( ! funds appropriat$ = t purpose1 :i* am\nt$ to ab\t #hj1jjjl41 _h be5 exp5d$ 9 litigation & ! co/ ( obta9+ ! ,act ( ,p>liam5t1 s t ! :ole matt] fell to ! gr\nd4 ,mean:ile ! defective /ate ( dra9age ( ! great level ( ! f5s /ill cont9u$1 & ev]ybody 0 conv9c$ t ! only rem$y 0 to c>ry into effect ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut z aw>d$ by ,capta9 ,hudd>t4 ,x 0 !re=e resolv$ t a new ,act ( ,p>liam5t %\ld be obta9$ = ?is purpose1 increas+ ! tax ^u ! l&s propos$ to be b5efit$ suffici5tly to cov] ! co/s accord+ to ! e/imate ( my fa!r1 :o 0 appo9t$ eng9e]-9-*ief ( ! dra9age int]e/s2 & ! above-m5tion$ g5tlem51 ,"l ,w4 ,b5t9ck1 ,sir ,a4 ,hammond1 ,sir ,*>les ,br[ne1 & ,?omas ,hoseason1 ,esq41 7 appo9t$ z ! executive committee4 ,! ,act hav+ pass$1 ,messrs4 ,jolliffe & ,banks t5d]$ =1 & receiv$ & execut$ ! contract4 ,! effect ( ?is "w greatly exce$$ ! mo/ sangu9e expectations ( its support]s4 ,imm$iately aft] x 0 op5$ ! l[-wat] m>k at ! upp] end ( ! cut fell five feet1 & ! dra9age wat]s 7 c>ri$ (f ) a degree ( rapidity :i* a/oni%$ ! :ole c\ntry4 ,! autumn & w9t] ( #ahba-b 0 *>act]iz$ by an unusual quantity ( ra9fall1 & if x _h n be5 = ! op5+ ( ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut ! :ole1 or ! great] "p1 ( ! level ( ! f5s w\ld h be5 "u wat]1 & !re=e ! f5m5 7 v well pleas$ ) ! result4 ,at ?is "t ,i 0 appo9t$ to succe$ my fa!r z *ief dra9age eng9e]1 & ! late ,mr4 ,tel=d _h be5 previ\sly appo9t$ ! *ief eng9e] = navigation4 ,imm$iately aft] my appo9tm5t1 :i* 0 9 ! mon? ( ,decemb]1 #ahba1 ,i w5t to ,lynn to exam9e ! works1 & 0 mu* a/oni%$ to f9d ! great effects :i* _h be5 produc$ by ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut4 ,in/ead ( ! circuit\s old %all[ c\rse1 full ( %oals & ob/ructions ( e k9d1 !re 0 a f9e /raight1 deep *annel1 two miles %ort] ?an ! old "o1 ( ! prop] wid?1 bord]$ by /rong banks ( ! full height2 ! floods pass$ (f )\t difficulty1 & ! navigation 0 s mu* improv$ t ! light]s & b>ges go+ up ! riv] f ,lynn sav$ sev]al tides4 ,x is true t ^u exam9+ ! c\ntry betwe5 ,d5v] ,sluice & ,cambridge1 !re 0 a great deal ( wat] out 9 sev]al places1 b ?is 0 attribut$ to ! int]ior dra9s & riv]s n be+ prop]ly def5d$ & embank$1 s t !y c\ld c>ry (f ! wat] to ! ma9 outfall bel[4 ,i also exam9$ ! new /eam pump+ app>atus1 :i* _h lately be5 erect$ = dra9+ ,soham & o!r f5s4 ,?is1 al?\gh propos$ by my fa!r 9 #aghf1 0 ! fir/ ( ! k9d t _h be5 erect$4 ,x consi/$ ( a scoop :eel1 ) a p]p5dicul> lift1 work$ by a cond5s+ eng9e4 ,x answ]$ its object completely1 & has s9ce be5 imitat$ by num]\s o!rs ) equal success 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! f5 & l[l& di/ricts4 ,yet 9 _m places x has be5 f\nd v difficult to induce ! f5 proprietors to comb9e toge!r 9 ord] to effect a natural dra9age1 :i* w\ld be bett] & less exp5sive2 !y pref] to act indep5d5tly ( ea* o!r1 & adopt ! /eam :eel4 ,/ill1 ev5 ) ?is1 ! ma9 outfalls mu/ be improv$ to _! fulle/ ext5t1 o!rwise ! wat] _c run (f2 & :5 ! floods 9 ! adjac5t riv]s rise s high t ! banks are endang]$1 ! pump+ mu/ be discont9u$1 o!rwise ! banks w break1 & !n a great] injury w ensue4 ,nev]!less1 ! /eam pump+ app>atus is an imm5se improvem5t on ! old w9dmill1 :i* c\ld only "w :5 !re 0 w9d4 ,my next appo9tm5t 0 to succe$ my fa!r z eng9e]-9-*ief to ,ramsgate ,h>b\r4 ,?is h>b\r 0 e/abli%$ by special ,act ( ,p>liam5t = ! purpose ( af=d+ %elt] to vessels ( #cjj tons ly+ 9 ! ,d[ns dur+ s\?-we/ gales4 ,:5 ^! w9ds prevail t an*orage is cr[d$ ) all classes ( vessels1 & ! small] ones1 n be+ s well f\nd ) gr\nd tackle z ! l>g]1 are liable to be driv5 f _! moor+s & fall f\l ( ! l>g] vessels1 caus+ !m to g adrift also1 & ?us creat+ consid]able confusion & damage2 b by hav+ ,ramsgate "u _! lee1 ! small vessels c always get "u way1 run = x at ! comm5cem5t ( ! flood1 & rea* x 9 safety long be=e high wat]1 at :i* "t ! ,goodw9 ,s&s are cov]$1 & a heavy sea rolls into ! ,d[ns4 ,9 fact1 ,ramsgate ,h>b\r 0 made = cle>+ ! ,d[ns ( small vessels1 s t ! l>ge ones may ride 9 safety1 & s f> has effectually answ]$ its object4 ,!re 7 a c]ta9 numb] ( tru/ees appo9t$ "u ! ,act1 :o 7 select$ f ! pr9cipal m]*ants & %ip[n]s ( ,london1 & ! ,deputy ,ma/] & ?ree or f\r ,eld] ,bre?r5 ( ! ,tr9ity 7 memb]s ( ! ,bo>d ( ,tru/ees ex (ficio4 ,at ! "t ,i 0 appo9t$ eng9e]1 ! celebrat$ ,sir ,william ,curtis1 ,b>t41 memb] = ! ,city ( ,london1 0 *airman1 & ! wor?y ,deputy ,ma/] ( ! ,tr9ity ,h\se1 ,sir ,john ,woolmore1 repres5t$ t ,corporation ) ?ree o!rs ( ! ,eld] ,bre?r54 ,z ?is 0 "o ( ! olde/ & mo/ important h>b\r tru/s 9 ! k+dom1 ,i felt great hon\r 9 be+ appo9t$ _! *ief eng9e]1 ! m s z ! celebrat$ ,smeaton & my fa!r _h previ\sly occupi$ t position4 ,x 0 "h t ,smeaton foll[$ out ! idea t _h be5 orig9ally propos$ at ,dundee1 ( e/abli%+ an inn] bas9 ) sluices = ! purpose ( sc\r+ away ! mud :i* cont9ually accumulat$ 9 ! out] h>b\r1 ow+ to ! great quantity ( alluvial matt] br\ght 9 f ! adjac5t coa/ & wat]s1 :i* o!rwise 9 a v %ort "t w\ld h fill$ x up & r5d]$ x useless4 ,ramsgate ,h>b\r 0 also celebrat$ = be+ ! fir/ place ( ! k9d :]e ! div+ bell 0 introduc$ by ,smeaton = ! purpose ( lay+ d[n moor+s & remov+ ob/acles "u wat]4 ,! div+ bell 0 aft]w>ds1 9 #ahac1 mu* improv$1 & r5d]$1 = ! fir/ "t1 applicable to build+ masonry "u wat] ) z mu* security & accuracy z build+ ^u dry l&4 ,9 su* an expos$ situation x 0 m economical & exp$iti\s ?an ! old c(f]dams2 x 0 9 ?is mann] ,mr4 ,r5nie rebuilt ! ea/ pi]-head 9 #ag feet at l[-wat] spr+ tides1 :i* 0 orig9ally made by ,smeaton1 & :i* fail$4 ,i also succe$$ my fa!r at ,sund]l&1 ,donaghadee1 ,port ,patrick1 & ,k+/[n h>b\rs1 ! ,we/ ,india ,docks1 besides o!r places soon aft]w>ds1 s t ,i _h a l>ge bus9ess1 & 0 daily gett+ m4 ,! mo/ difficult & anxi\s "w1 h[ev]1 at t "t 0 ! new docky>d at ,%e]ness1 design$ & p>tly c>ri$ into effect by my fa!r4 ,he orig9ally1 9 ! ye> #ahjg1 recomm5d$ t ! old docky>d1 :i* 0 compos$ only ( "s old wood5 slips imb$d$ 9 ! mud1 a few /oreh\ses1 a wret*$ bas91 l9$ ) wood5 walls1 & "s timb] jetties1 %\ld be aboli%$4 ,he said t x 0 on ! lee or wrong side ( ! h>b\r1 t ! f\ndation = new works 0 ( mud & quicks&1 t ! space1 on acc\nt ( ! build+s 9 ! old t[n1 0 v conf9$1 &1 !re=e1 t to make a good docky>d !re w\ld be v exp5sive1 & he ?\ght x w\ld be f> bett] to make a new complete e/abli%m5t at ,nor?fleet1 j above ,graves5d1 & to get rid ( ,woolwi*1 ,dept=d1 & ,%e]ness altoge!r4 ,mr4 ,pitt1 !n ,prime ,m9i/]1 decid$ t x %\ld be done2 b :5 he di$ ! matt] fell to ! gr\nd1 z ,i h be=e said1 al?\gh ! l& 0 b\ght = ! purpose4 ,h[ev]1 aft] ! great w> _h t]m9at$1 9 #ahae1 ! nation 0 naturally anxi\s to r$uce ! exp5diture z mu* z possible1 s t ! ,h\se ( ,commons w\ld n li/5 to ! idea ( exp5d+ any l>ge sums ^u great new works ei!r = ! navy or ! army2 & x 0 only aft] consid]able difficulty t ! ,h\se ( ,commons w\ld grant money = ! repairs ( ,%e]ness ,docky>d1 &1 l mo/ ext5sive repairs1 x 0 f\nd1 :5 too late1 t x w\ld h be5 f> bett] to h ab&on$ ,%e]ness altoge!r4 ,nev]!less x 0 absolutely necess>y to d some?+ to ! ,?ames & ,m$way docky>ds1 to keep 9 repair ! l>ge fleet ( vessels :i* 0 !re laid up 9 ord9>y4 ,! total numb] ( p5nants fly+ at ! close ( ! w> 0 ab\t #ajjj1 & ! la/ vote = seam5 9 #ahae includ$ #abg1jjj sailors & m>9es4 ,z !re 0 great] dep? ( wat] at ,%e]ness ?an at any ( ! docky>ds1 & z ! h>b\r imm$iately contigu\s 0 capable ( accommodat+ ) ease any numb] ( l>ge vessels1 ,%e]ness 0 decid$ ^u z ! place :]e ! greate/ repairs & improvem5ts %\ld be made1 & x end$ 9 an entirely new docky>d be+ built4 ,! works accord+ly comm5c$ 9 #ahae1 & ! late ,"l ,melville laid ! fir/ /one at ! nor? end t ye>4 ,x end$ 9 exp5d+ ne>ly #c1jjj1jjjl41 #a1gjj1jjjl4 ( :i* w5t to ! eng9e]+ dep>tm5t1 & ! rema9d] 9 ! pur*ase ( gr\nd1 build+s 9 ! t[n ( ,%e]ness1 9 /oreh\ses1 ma/ & timb] ponds1 smi!ry1 admiral's & (fic]s' h\ses4 ,! eng9e]+ works 7 ( ! mo/ difficult k9d2 ! f\ndations 7 compos$ ( no?+ b s(t mud & loose quicks&s to an almo/ int]m9able dep?1 s t my fa!r 0 oblig$ to inv5t an entirely new sy/em ( holl[ walls fac$ ) granite 9 front & brick beh9d4 ,?is sy/em ( walls1 :i* 0 entirely new1 by giv+ a great] sup]ficial area ( be>+ surface ) ! same weight ( mat]ials1 r5d]$ !m ?or\ghly secure4 ,he _h adopt$ ?is k9d ( con/ruction ) p]fect success at ! docks at ,great ,grimsby1 9 ,l9coln%ire1 & !y succe$$ equally well at ,%e]ness1 al?\gh expos$ to mu* great] difficulties4 ,! docky>d z complet$ consi/s ( "o bas9 ( ne>ly #c acres1 at ! ea/ end ( :i* are ?ree docks = fir/-rate vessels ( w>1 ) a dep? ( #i feet at l[ wat] ( spr+ tides1 ! bas9 be+ ( ! same dep?1 s t ) a rise ( tide ( #ah feet at spr+ tides ! l>ge/ vessels c always be dock$ at ^? times4 ,!re is also ano!r tidal bas9 ( ab\t ! same size1 toge!r ) l>ge /oreh\ses1 smi!ry1 ma/ ponds1 boa?\ses1 admiral's & (fic]s' h\ses1 *apel1 c41 & ample space = timb] & o!r mat]ials4 ,?is docky>d1 !re=e1 z 0 ! int5tion1 is well adapt$ = keep+ 9 repair ! num]\s vessels ly+ up 9 ord9>y 9 ! adjac5t h>b\r1 or = execut+ any repairs :i* vessels on ! nor!rn /ations may require2 x nev] 0 int5d$ to be a build+ y>d1 & x answ]s its orig9al purpose well4 ,x %\ld be m5tion$1 t "h ,mr4 ,r5nie fir/ introduc$ ca/-iron gates = ! dry docks2 ^! fitt$ to ! granite quo9s s nicely by poli%+ ! two surfaces1 iron & /one1 ) em]y1 t !y work$ toge!r p]fectly1 & 7 completely wat]-tight2 & al?\gh !y h n[ be5 9 use =ty-five ye>s1 !y are z good z on ! day :5 !y 7 made4 ,at ! "t t ^! works 7 proce$+1 x 0 decid$ to make a new l>ge granite dry dock at ,*a?am1 simil> to ^? at ,%e]ness2 & "s improvem5ts 9 ! l9e ( riv] wall1 :i* p>tly int]f]$ ) ! free circulation ( ! tide !re1 7 be+ con/ruct$ :5 ,i 0 appo9t$1 & ,i f9i%$ !m4 ,! breakwat] 9 ,plym\? ,s\nd1 :i* 0 design$ by my fa!r & comm5c$ 9 #ahae1 _h made consid]able progress2 9 fact1 ! great mass ( rubble /one _h be5 deposit$ ?r\gh\t its entire l5g?1 s t vessels ( w> z well z m]*antm5 c\ld safely lie "u its protection dur+ ! heavie/ gales f ! we/w>d4 ,:5 ,i 0 appo9t$ eng9e] to ! ,admiralty1 ! late excell5t ,mr4 ,joseph ,:idbey1 :o 0 di/+ui%$ = 8 sci5tific acquirem5ts1 & :o _h sail$ r\nd ! _w ) ,vanc\v]1 0 ! sup]9t5d5t ( ! breakwat]1 s t ,i _h b little to d ) x until ! latt] end ( #ahbd1 :51 on ! #bbnd & #bcrd ( ,novemb] ( t ye>1 a viol5t /orm occurr$ f ! s\?-s\?-we/1 ! mo/ dang]\s w9d1 & its effect ^u ! breakwat] above l[ wat] ( spr+ tides 0 to dis>range ne>ly ! :ole ( ! sup]/ructure1 & to transf] a v l>ge portion ( ! /one f ! s\? to ! nor? slope4 ,! effects ( ?is sev]e /orm 7 consid]$ to be s s]i\s z to create consid]able d\bts z to ! security ( ! breakwat]1 & ev5 ,mr4 ,:idbey 0 al>m$4 ,i 0 accord+ly s5t by ! ,admiralty to make a detail$ report z to :at _h occurr$4 ,i c>efully exam9$ ! :ole "w1 & _h num]\s transv]se & longitud9al sections tak5 to %[ its exact /ate1 & report$ t ! ma9 body ( ! "w rema9$ z sub/antial z ev]1 b t ! rubble f above l[ wat] to ! top1 on ! s\? or sea slope1 _h only be5 laid at an angle ( #c to #a1 & ! waves dur+ ! /orm above m5tion$ _h 9 a great measure di/urb$ x1 & _h transf]r$ a v l>ge portion f ! s\? to ! nor? slope1 increas+ ! s\? slope to #e to #a4 ,n[ x is s+ul> t my fa!r1 :5 x 0 decid$ to raise ! breakwat] f ! level ( half tide 7:i* 0 ! orig9al int5tion7 to above high wat] ( spr+ tides1 always said t ! out] slope %\ld be laid at #e to #a4 ,aft] 8 dea?1 h[ev]1 ,mr4 ,:idbey1 ) an idea ( economy1 r$uc$ ! s\? slope to #c to #a1 s t ! effects ( ! /orm _h be5 to confirm my fa!r's views2 & n only _h no real damage be5 done1 b x _h consolidat$ & /r5g!n$ ! breakwat] mat]ially1 & _h giv5 a practical example z to ! be/ mode ( complet+ x1 & ,i recomm5d$ t ! out] slope %\ld be f9i%$ at #e to #a1 & ! inn] at #b to #a4 ,! ,admiralty1 h[ev]1 feel+ _! responsibility1 ?\ght x advisable1 9 addition to myself1 to consult ?ree o!r exp]i5c$ eng9e]s1 & ! late ,mr4 ,tel=d1 ,mr4 ,josias ,jessop1 & my elde/ bro!r1 ,george1 7 appo9t$ = t purpose4 ,we proce$$ to ,plym\? 9 ! mon? ( ,m>*1 #ahbe1 & sp5t sev]al days 9 exam9+ ! breakwat]4 ,we f9ally recomm5d$ t ! out] slope %\ld be f9i%$ at #e to #a & ! inn] at #b to #a 7z ,i _h previ\sly sugge/$ to ! ,admiralty71 t ! out] slope & top %\ld be pav$ ) r\gh squ>e blocks set closely toge!r1 & t ! inside slope %\ld be pav$ ) rubble4 ,mr4 ,:idbey 01 un=tunately1 ( a diff]5t op9ion1 & recomm5d$ a ne>ly v]tical wall ( solid masonry on ! top1 ( :i* ! ,admiralty did n approve1 & adopt$ our plan1 :i* 0 ord]$ to be c>ri$ into effect4 ,mr4 ,:idbey 0 s mu* annoy$ t he resign$ 8 situation & retir$ into private life ne> ,taunton4 ,?is 0 mu* regrett$1 z he 0 a mo/ able & hone/ public s]vant1 & belov$ & respect$ by ev]ybody :o knew him4 ,i 0 !n appo9t$ *ief eng9e]1 & ^u consid]+ ! subject aga91 ,i ?\ght t1 z ! base or toe ( ! out] slope 0 ! mo/ expos$ "p ( ! "w1 x w\ld be bett] to /r5g!n x by b5*+1 :i* w\ld effectually break ! =ce ( ! waves be=e !y c\ld rea* ! ma9 body ( ! "w4 ,?is 0 approv$ by ! ,admiralty1 & has s9ce be5 c>ri$ into effect ) complete success4 ,i may "h relate a curi\s anecdote 9 connection ) ! dea? ( ,mr4 ,p]ceval4 ,messrs4 ,fox1 ,williams1 & ,co41 ! great m9+ contractors 9 ,cornwall1 took ! fir/ contract = bla/+ ! rock & deposit+ ! /ones on ! breakwat]4 ,9 #ahae ,mr4 ,john ,fox1 a ,quak]1 hav+ come to t[n on bus9ess1 breakfa/$ ) my fa!r & sev]al o!rs1 includ+ myself4 ,! conv]sation happ5$ to turn on ! dea? ( ,mr4 ,p]ceval4 ,mr4 ,fox said 9 a simple1 unaffect$ mann]1 8,i rememb] x v well2 x is a curi\s /ory1 & n[ ,i w tell x y4 ,i 0 !n visit+ my fri5d ,williams at ,r$ru?4 ,i w5t to b$ z usual1 & awoke 9 a mo/ re/less /ate1 hav+ _h an extraord9>y dream4 ,i dream$ t ,i w5t to ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 :]e ,i _h nev] be5 be=e1 & hav+ no admission into ! int]ior ( ! ,h\se1 ,i sat d[n quietly on "o ( ! b5*es 9 ! lobby1 expect+ a ,corni% memb] :o _h promis$ :5 ,i came to ,london to give me a ticket ( admission to he> ! debates4 ,beside me on ! b5* sat a tall1 muscul> man 7describ+ ,bell+ham mo/ exactly71 :o appe>$ to be v re/less1 & cont9ually ask+ :e!r ,mr4 ,p]ceval _h come to ! ,h\se1 & e n[ & !n putt+ 8 "r h& into 8 left brea/ pocket4 ,at l5g?1 aft] wait+ "s m9utes1 !re 0 a bu/le1 & sev]al p]sons ne> me said t ,mr4 ,p]ceval 0 com+2 & %ortly aft] ,mr4 ,p]ceval made 8 appe>ance 7,mr4 ,fox describ+ ! exact dress he wore1 namely1 a blue coat ) gilt metal buttons1 :ite cravat & wai/coat1 ) nanke5 %orts1 :ite /ock+s1 & %oes1 accord+ to 8 usual attire 9 ! summ]74 ,imm$iately aft] ,mr4 ,p]ceval made 8 appe>ance1 ! man :o sat next to me got up1 &1 advanc+ close to ,mr4 ,p]ceval1 drew a pi/ol f 8 left brea/ pocket1 fir$1 & ,mr4 ,p]ceval fell at 8 feet4 ,?is occasion$ great commotion4 ,! man :o fir$ ! pi/ol 0 at once seiz$1 & ,i ru%$ out & ask$ :at _h happ5$1 & ! by/&]s told me t ,mr4 ,p]ceval _h be5 %ot by a man nam$ ,bell+ham1 :o 0 ! id5tical individual :o _h be5 a few m9utes be=e sitt+ by my side4 ,:5 my dream _h come to ?is po9t ,i awoke 9 ! greate/ agitation4 ,i c\ld n acc\nt = x4 ,i _h nev] se5 ,mr4 ,p]ceval1 nor 8 murd]]1 ,bell+ham2 ,i _h nev] be5 9 ! lobby ( ! ,h\se1 & ,i _h be5 9 no way connect$ ) ,mr4 ,p]ceval1 ei!r by correspond5ce or o!rwise1 /ill ,i 0 s mu* affect$ by ! dream t ,i felt conv9c$ t ,mr4 ,p]ceval _h be5 murd]$4 ,i pass$ ! rema9d] ( ! night 9 great re/lessness4 ,i c\ld n sleep1 b 0 always ?9k+ ( ! dream1 be+ ?or\ghly conv9c$ t x 0 true4 ,i came d[n to breakfa/ at ! usual h\r1 9 ! mo/ anxi\s & n]v\s /ate1 :i* ,i 9 va9 endeav\r$ to conceal z mu* z possible2 b my fri5d & p>tn] ,williams & 8 :ole family obs]v$ x1 & said t ,i look$ v ill1 & k9dly ask$ me to expla9 ! cause4 ,aft] mu* press+1 ,i told my /ory4 ,fri5d ,williams & ! :ole ( 8 amiable family said t x 0 nons5se2 t ,i _h be5 unwell1 & /ill 0 s1 & said t !y w\ld s5d = _! family doctor4 ,i said no2 ,i felt p]fectly conv9c$ t my dream w\ld1 un=tunately1 prove b too true1 & t ! mail1 :i* w\ld arrive 9 ! ev5+1 w\ld br+ a confirmation ( x4 ,!y tri$ to laugh me out ( x1 b no?+ w\ld d2 ,i !re=e w5t ab\t ) my fri5d ,williams1 transact+ our m9+ bus9ess1 be+ conv9c$ t ! arrival ( ! mail 9 ! ev5+ w\ld confirm ! tru? ( my dream 9 all p>ticul>s4 ,we return$ to d9n] at five o'clock2 at n9e ! mail arriv$1 & confirm$ e p>ticul> ( my dream4 ,i 0 aft]w>ds tak5 to ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 :]e ,i _h nev] be5 be=e1 & ,i correctly po9t$ out ! :ole p>ticul>s ( ! melan*oly transaction exactly z !y occurr$1 to ! a/oni%m5t ( my fri5ds & ! by/&]s4 ,! :ole /ory seems s /range t ,i _c acc\nt = x4 ,i relate x to y j z x occurr$ to me40#b ,?is is c]ta9ly "o ( ^? m>vell\s in/ances ( =esight :i* baffles all compreh5sion4 ,john ,fox 0 g5]ally consid]$ by 8 num]\s fri5ds & acqua9tance to be a mo/ hone/1 pla91 /raight=w>d1 bus9ess man1 & incapable ( /at+ any?+ b :at he believ$ to be true4 ,i he>d him relate ! dream1 & my fa!r & all pres5t believ$ x4 ,! curi\s "p ( ! /ory is h[ he %\ld h dream$ su* a ?+1 be+ 9 no way connect$ ) x4 ,ab\t ?is "t 7#ahbe7 ! sev]al victuall+ dep>tm5ts ( ! navy at ,plym\? 7 v ineffici5t1 & divid$ into ?ree or f\r e/abli%m5ts--"o at ,s\?d[n1 opposite to ,devonport1 ano!r at ,cremill ,po9t1 ne> ,/oneh\se1 a ?ird at ,plym\?1 & ! f\r? 9 ,plym\? t[n--be+ sev]al miles f ea* o!r1 s t ! extra exp5se & delay 9 provision+ vessels ( w> 0 consid]able4 ,^u ?is be+ repres5t$ to ! ,admiralty by ! ,victuall+ ,bo>d1 ( :i* ! late ,g5]al ,/apleton 0 ! *airman1 !y det]m9$ to make an entirely new victuall+ e/abli%m5t1 conc5trat+ ! :ole ( ! sev]al dep>tm5ts into "o1 ^u a well-organiz$ plan1 s t e op]ation %\ld be c>ri$ out ) ! greate/ dispat* & economy4 ,aft] mu* discussion ,cremill ,po9t1 be+ ne>e/ to ! docky>d at ,devonport1 & be+ 9 o!r respects1 z to dep? ( wat]1 c41 possess$ ( peculi> advantages1 0 f9ally select$ z ! be/ place = ! new e/abli%m5t1 & ,i 0 ord]$ by ! ,victuall+ ,bo>d to prep>e ! necess>y plans1 specifications1 & e/imates1 & to see !m c>ri$ into effect4 ,:il/ ^! works 7 proce$+1 a proposal 0 made to ! ,admiralty to apply ! ,corni% sy/em ( eng9es to ! ,admiralty /eam-vessels4 ,up to ?is "t /eam1 accord+ to ! pr9ciple ( ,watt1 n exce$+ #e lb4 pressure ^u ! squ>e in*1 0 only us$1 :]eas 9 ! ,corni% cond5s+ eng9es /eam ( ! pressure ( #cg lb4 p] squ>e in* 0 !n usual1 ) mu* great] effect & economy4 ,i 0 accord+ly s5t by ! ,admiralty to ,cornwall to inve/igate _! s*eme4 ,i took ) me my pr9cipal assi/ant1 ! late ,mr4 ,william ,lew91 a v zeal\s1 able1 practical eng9e]4 ,we exam9$ ! :ole sy/em v c>efully at diff]5t m9es1 measur$ ! actual "w done & ! quantity ( fuel consum$1 & came to ! conclusion t ! ,corni% sy/em ( high-pressure cond5s+ might be appli$ to ! navy ) ! greate/ advantage1 & report$ ! same to ! ,admiralty4 ,x 0 n adopt$ at ! "t1 al?\gh high-pressure cond5s+ eng9es h s9ce be5 introduc$ into ! navy2 at ! pres5t "t ! pressure has advanc$ to #bg & #bh lb4 p] squ>e in*1 & 9 ! non-cond5s+ eng9es to #ajj & #abj lb4 ,watt1 al?\gh he _h tri$ /eam at e temp]ature1 yet g5]ally pref]r$ l[ pressure2 8 reason = ?is mu/ h be5 ! imp]fect means !n at comm& = controll+ x1 & p]haps he 0 "r at ! "t1 = ! manufacture ( wr\ght iron _h n !n made suffici5t progress to r5d] x capable ( resi/+ ) safety ! great p[] ( high-pressure /eam4 ,he po9t$ out ! way1 & o!rs1 ?r\gh ! improvem5ts 9 ! manufacture ( iron1 h pr(it$ by 8 discov]ies4 ,i mu/ n omit1 9 ju/ice to ! v tal5t$ ,mr4 ,p]k9s1 8 views z to ! value ( high-pressure /eam1 ^u :i* he made num]\s exp]im5ts2 among/ o!r ?+s1 he propos$ to use x z a de/ructive p[] 9 w>1 by means ( 8 celebrat$ /eam gun1 :i* creat$ mu* s5sation at ! "t2 & x is r s+ul> t ?is has n be5 tak5 up 9 mod]n times1 :5 e inv5tion :i* c add to ! me?ods ( de/ruction is mo/ gre$ily adopt$4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ! 8/eam gun0 may be us$ ) ! mo/ t]rible effect 9 fix$ batt]ies ei!r = musketry or artill]y1 & probably ! day w come :5 we %all see batt]ies work$ by /eam1 ) a great dim9ution ( manual ag5cy2 & ! m5 employ$ to "w !m w be s protect$ z to r5d] ! de/ruction ( human life comp>atively trifl+4 ,among/ ! o!r legacies :i* my de> fa!r _h left to me1 0 t ( build+ ,london ,bridge4 ,he _h %[n1 to ! satisfaction ( ! ,committee ( ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 ! impracticability ( keep+ up ! old bridge by any am\nt ( repair or alt]ation2 t x c\ld n be r5d]$ fit = ! improvem5t ( ! riv] ,?ames1 nor = ! cont9ually increas+ traffic :i* mu/ pass ov] x1 at any reasonable exp5se1 & t !re=e an entirely new bridge w\ld be by f> ! mo/ satisfactory4 ,! ,h\se ( ,commons 0 s fully conv9c$ by 8 argum5ts t x unanim\sly condemn$ ! old bridge1 & refus$ to comply ) ! recomm5dation ( ! ,city ( ,london t x %\ld be alt]$1 b resolv$ t a new bridge %\ld be built accord+ to ! design made by my fa!r4 ,an ,act ( ,p>liam5t 0 accord+ly pass$ to ?is effect1 ! late tal5t$ & en]getic ,mr4 ,holme ,sumn] be+ ! lead+ memb] ( ! ,committee4 ,! ,corporation demurr$ to ?is1 say+ t !re 7 o!r eng9e]s equal to ,mr4 ,r5nie1 & dem&+ a public competition4 ,! adv]tisem5t = designs 0 accord+ly issu$1 & a great numb] 7 s5t 9 & ref]r$ to ! ,committee ( ! ,h\se ( ,commons & ! ,gov]nm5t1 accord+ to ! previ\s ,act4 ,aft] consid]+ ! v>i\s rival plans1 x 0 f9ally decid$ t t ( my fa!r 0 ! only "o :i* compli$ ) all ! requir$ conditions1 & x 0 !re=e adopt$4 ,at ?is resolution great discont5t 0 manife/$ by ! diff]5t competitors4 ,! ,corporation ( ,london also object$ to ?is decision1 z !y consid]$ t !y ought to h be5 ! sole judges4 ,b f9d+ t ! ,gov]nm5t adh]$ to its decision1 !y submitt$1 at ! same "t urg+ t !y1 :o 7 to pay ! exp5se ( ! new bridge1 ought to select ! eng9e] t 0 to execute ! "w4 ,! ,gov]nm5t agre$ to ?is1 subject to _! approval2 & f9ally ! ,committee appo9t$ by ! ,corporation to c>ry into effect my fa!r's design1 fix$ ^u me z ! eng9e]-9-*ief2 ,mr4 ,ri*>d ,lamb]t ,jones 0 appo9t$ ! *airman ( ! executive committee ( ! ,corporation4 ,a v able & effici5t *airman he 01 & conduct$ ! :ole to a conclusion1 to ! great satisfaction ( ! ,corporation & ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,! design1 z ,i h already obs]v$1 0 made by my fa!r1 b no detail$ work+ draw+s1 specification1 or e/imate1 _h be5 prep>$ by him2 x fell to my lot1 !re=e1 to d ?is4 ,z ,i _h act$ "u my fa!r dur+ ! con/ruction ( ! ,wat]loo & ,s\?w>k bridges1 ,i _h become s ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) 8 sy/em1 t ,i _h no v great difficulty ab\t x4 ,! design consi/$ ( five semi-elliptical ar*es1 ! c5tre be+ #aej feet span1 ! two next ar*es #adj feet span ea*1 ! two side or l& ar*es #acj feet span ea*2 ! two c5tre pi]s 7 #bd feet ?ick at ! spr++1 & ! two side pi]s #bb feet ea*2 ! :ole 0 to be built ( ! be/ grey granite4 ,! wid? ( ! roadway 0 orig9ally design$ to be #dh feet1 b 0 aft]w>ds increas$ to #ed feet wide1 at an extra co/ ( #df1jjjl4 ,x 0 int5d$ by my fa!r t ! new bridge %\ld be built on ! site ( ! old "o1 :i* 0 to be pull$ d[n 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 & a tempor>y wood5 "o 0 to be built above x to accommodate ! traffic :il/ ! new bridge 0 build+4 ,x 0 consid]$ t z soon z ! fall ( #e feet occasion$ by ! old bridge %\ld be remov$1 ! riv] w\ld be re/or$ to its natural /ate1 & !re w\ld !n be less difficulty & exp5se 9 mak+ ! c(f]dams & f\nd+ ! pi]s & abutm5ts2 ! old approa*es to ! bridge w\ld !n be pres]v$1 & ?us a less quantity ( valuable prop]ty w\ld be requir$4 ,! wi%1 h[ev]1 ( ! ,corporation to pres]ve ! old bridge dur+ ! con/ruction ( ! new "o 0 s /rong1 t !re 0 no possibility ( resi/+ x4 ,i !re=e yield$ to _! desire1 & agre$ to build ! new bridge imm$iately above ! old "o1 & z ne> z practicable to x2 not)/&+1 ,i felt at ! "t t !re w\ld be consid]able difficulty1 risk1 & extra exp5se 9 s do+1 on acc\nt ( ! great dep? ( wat] 9 :i* ! pi]s mu/ be f\nd$1 namely1 #bh feet at l[ wat] ( spr+ tides1 & ! /rong curr5t & fall ?r\gh ! old bridge bo? dur+ ! flood & ebb1 p>ticul>ly dur+ ! latt]4 ,x %\ld be obs]v$ t ! old bridge /ood z x 7 ^u a hill1 ! f\ndations ( ! pi]s be+ f #bh to #cj feet above ! bottom ( ! riv] imm$iately above & bel[ x1 occasion$ by ! great fall & sc\r produc$ by ! contract$ wat]way2 ?us x 0 necess>y to secure ! pi]s by l>ge project+ />l+s1 & to ?r[ consid]able quantities ( /one cont9ually r\nd !m1 9 ord] to prev5t ! old bridge f be+ c>ri$ away4 ,h[ev]1 !re 0 no alt]native b to build ! new bridge above ! old "o1 & ,i accord+ly set ab\t tak+ e possible precaution 9 ord] to prev5t accid5t4 ,z ! loose /one ?r[n r\nd ! pi]s ( ! old bridge 0 cont9ually wa%$ into ! holes imm$iately above & bel[1 x 0 9 va9 to attempt driv+ ! piles = ! c(f]dams ( ! pi]s until ?is /one 0 remov$1 :i* 0 done by dr$g+4 ,! c(f]dams = ! pi]s 7 elliptical 9 =m1 ?is %ape be+ ! be/ adapt$ = resi/+ ! /rong curr5t 9 :i* !y 7 plac$2 !y consi/$ ( two ma9 r[s ( piles ea* #ad in*es squ>e1 ea* pile be+ prop]ly hoop$ & %od ) wr\ght iron1 & driv5 #be feet into ! b$ ( ! riv]4 ,^! piles 7 connect$ toge!r 9 ! horizontal direction by ?ree r[s ( braces #ae in*es squ>e1 namely1 "o at ! level ( ! l[e/ tides1 ano!r at ! level ( half tide1 & ! ?ird at ! level ( high wat]4 ,at e #aj feet ! two r[s ( piles 7 fa/5$ toge!r ) wr\ght-iron bolts #b in*es diamet]1 :i* pass$ ?r\gh ! horizontal braces or wal+s1 z !y are te*nically t]m$1 & 7 secur$ outside & inside ) additional wood5 cleats #ae in*es squ>e & #h feet long1 s z to cov] ! jo9ts :]e ! ma9 horizontal braces met2 outside ( ^! 7 l>ge iron plates1 & z ! bolts 7 screw$ at ea* end1 !y c\ld be tight5$ up to ! full be>+ )\t cru%+ ! timb]4 ,on ! outside ( ^! two ma9 r[s ( piles 0 a ?ird r[ ( ! same dim5sions1 & driv5 ! same dep? into ! b$ ( ! riv] at a di/ance ( #f feet 9 ! cle> f ! two ma9 r[s1 & connect$ toge!r ) a ti] ( horizontal braces1 & to ! two ma9 r[s ( piles ) bolts1 cleats1 & plates ( ! same dim5sions z ^? already describ$4 ,:5 ! piles _h be5 driv5 to _! prop] dep?1 & _h be5 prop]ly secur$ to ea* o!r z above describ$1 ! jo9ts betwe5 e pile1 :i* _h be5 previ\sly fitt$ to ea* o!r1 7 well caulk$ ) oakum1 & ! outside jo9ts 7 cov]$ ) melt$ pit*1 s z to r5d] !m wat]-tight2 ! spaces betwe5 ! ?ree r[s ( piles 7 !n fill$ ) /rong well-puddl$ clay4 ,9 addition to ! above ?ree r[s ( piles1 !re 0 a f\r? r[ on ! inside1 driv5 d[n 9 ! =m ( a p>allelogram1 correspond+ ) ! exact size ( ! f\ndation ( ! pi]s1 & to ! same dep? z ! out] piles4 ,e t5? pile1 & ^? at ! corn]s or angles1 ext5d$ up to ! level ( l[ wat]4 ,^u ! heads ( ^! piles longitud9al & transv]se braces 7 fix$ across ! inside ( ! dam1 at ! level ( l[ wat]1 half tide1 & high wat]2 s t ! dam 0 brac$ int]nally & ext]nally 9 e direction to resi/ ! pressure ( ! wat]1 l a well-made cask4 ,!re 0 a p[]ful /eam eng9e1 ) ! requisite pumps1 atta*$ to ea* dam1 to remove any wat] :i* might ei!r rise f ! f\ndation or f ! outside4 ,ea* dam 0 provid$ ) a trunk secur$ by a valve #c feet diamet]1 laid at ! level ( l[ wat]1 s t 9 ! ev5t ( any unusual pressure ( wat] com+ aga9/ ! dam1 ^! valves 7 op5$1 & ! dam 0 !n fill$ ) wat]1 & all mis*ief 0 prev5t$4 ,! fir/ pi] c(f]dam on ! ,s\?w>k side 0 complet$1 ! wat] pump$ out1 & ! e>? 0 excavat$ to ! dep? ( #cj feet1 go+ bel[ l[-wat] m>k ( spr+ tides2 ! bottom consi/$ ( ! /iff ,london clay4 ,piles1 consi/+ ( ,baltic fir1 elm1 & bee*1 #bb feet long1 & #ab in*es diamet] 9 ! middle1 prop]ly hoop$ & %od ) wr\ght iron1 7 !n driv5 #bj feet into ! solid gr\nd1 or until1 ) a weight ( #ab cwt4 fall+ #ah to #bj feet1 !y w\ld n move above an in* at a bl[4 ,^! piles 7 driv5 #c feet #f in*es f c5tre to c5tre1 bo? 9 ! longitud9al & transv]se direction4 ,aft] hav+ driv5 !m1 _! heads 7 cut (f & accurately levell$4 ,! loose e>? betwe5 _! heads 0 !n remov$1 to ! dep? ( #ab in*es1 & ! spaces fill$ 9 ) /one b$d$ 9 concrete2 all ! r[s ( piles 7 !n connect$ toge!r 9 ! transv]se direction by ,baltic fir sills or beams #ad in*es squ>e1 well fitt$ to ea* pile head by jagg$ wr\ght-iron spikes #bj in*es long & ?ree qu>t]s ( an in* squ>e1 driv5 ?r\gh ! sills into ! pile heads bel[2 ! spaces betwe5 ! sills 7 well fill$ 9 ) /one & brickwork2 ano!r r[ ( sills 0 !n laid 9 ! transv]se direction above ! pile heads & spik$ d[n to ! l[] sills 9 ! same mann]2 ! spaces betwe5 ! upp] sills 7 !n fill$ 9 ) /one & brickwork4 ,! :ole surface ( ! f\ndation 0 cov]$ ) elm plank #f in*es ?ick1 closely jo9t$ toge!r & b$d$ 9 mort>1 & well spik$ d[n to ! sills bel[ ) jagg$ spikes #aj in*es long & half an in* squ>e4 ,^u ?is plat=m ! masonry 0 built1 ea* c\rse dim9i%+ 9 l5g? & wid? by a s]ies ( (fsets #ab in*es wide1 until !y rea*$ ! %aft ( ! pi]1 :5 x 0 c>ri$ up solid to ! spr++ ( ! ar*es4 ,! :ole ( ! ext]ior masonry 0 ( ! be/ :iti%-grey granite1 & ! int]ior /one 0 ( ! be/ h>d ,york%ire grit /one f ! qu>ries ( ,bramley ,fall4 ,! abutm5ts 7 con/ruct$ ^u piles & masonry ( ! same "* z ! pi]s4 ,! fir/ /one 0 laid ) consid]able c]emony on ! fir/ pi] c(f]dam f ! ,surrey %ore by ,8 ,royal ,highness ! late ,duke ( ,york4 ,! dam 0 fitt$ up ) great ta/e l an amphi!atre1 ) seats all r\nd1 ! :ole be+ cov]$ at top ) a h&some col\r$ canvas awn+ adorn$ ) num]\s flags ( all nations4 ,! ,"l ,mayor1 assi/$ by ! ,ald]m51 ,common ,c\ncilm51 & ,committee1 ) ,mr4 ,jones1 ! ,*airman1 att5d$ 9 great /ate1 & ev]y?+ w5t (f well4 ,aft] ?is pi] _h advanc$ ne>ly to ! level ( high wat]1 "o day :il/ exam9+ x1 /&+ ^u "o ( ! cross beams1 my foot slipp$1 & ,i fell headlong into ! dam ^u ! top ( ! masonry2 =tunately1 my left foot caught 9 a nail 9 ! beam1 & ,i hung by x = a few seconds4 ,?is some:at broke & *ang$ ! direction ( my fall1 & ,i pit*$ ^u an incl9$ plank1 ^u :i* ,i slid until ,i /ruck my head aga9/ a /one2 my hat dead5$ ! bl[2 z x 01 h[ev]1 ,i 0 cut ab\t ! =ehead & half /unn$4 ,! aft] effects ( ?is fall 7 v s]i\s2 my :ole sy/em got su* a sev]e %ak+1 t ,i did n recov] ?or\ghly until ne>ly t5 ye>s aft]w>ds1 & ,i c>ri$ on my l>ge pr(essional bus9ess ) ! greate/ difficulty4 ,! works made satisfactory progress1 & ! c5tres = ! fir/ & second ar*es f ! ,surrey %ore 7 soon fix$4 ,ea* c5tre 0 compos$ ( eight ribs1 fram$ ^u ! truss pr9ciple1 re/+ ^u a cont9u$ s]ies ( w$ges 9 "o piece1 laid horizontally & re/+ ^u tressels or legs =m$ by ! piles ( ! c(f]dams1 :i* _h be5 cut (f & levell$ = t purpose4 ,! mode ( sett+ & fix+ ! ribs 0 ! same z t adopt$ at ! ,wat]loo & ,s\?w>k bridges4 ,a l>ge light] 0 con/ruct$ especially = ?is purpose4 ,9 ! c5tre 0 plac$ a /rong fram+1 :i* re/$ ^u eight screws1 f\r 9 ea* r[1 work+ 9 a /rong ca/-iron box1 to :i* lev]s 7 atta*$1 by means ( :i* ! screws & fram+ above !m c\ld be gradually rais$ & l[]$ at pleasure2 at "o end ( ! fram+ !re 0 an upright scaffold4 ,! c5tres1 ,i h already said1 consi/$ ( eight ma9 ribs fram$ toge!r sep>ately4 ,z !re 0 no room to frame ^! c5tres ne> ! bridge1 a special work%op & :>f 7 provid$ by ! contractors at ,millwall1 9 ! ,isle ( ,dogs2 :5 ready !y 7 laun*$ 9 "o piece1 f a prop]ly-prep>$ plat=m1 into ! riv]1 & t[$ to ! ,s\?w>k end ( ! bridge1 :]e ! light]1 ) its app>atus ( p[]ful %e]s1 crabs1 & tackle1 0 9 read9ess to receive !m2 by ^! means !y 7 gradually haul$ up an incl9$ plane1 & !n rais$ upright ^u ! plat=m1 support$ by ! frame & screws b5ea?1 & firmly brac$ to ! scaffold+ 9 ! light]2 two c5tre frames 7 ?us plac$ ^u x at "o "t1 & adju/$ by ! screws to an extra height ( #b feet1 s z to all[ = any defici5cy 9 ! rise ( ! tide4 ,two ribs hav+ be5 plac$ ^u ! fram+1 ! light] 0 haul$ (f f ! %ore & plac$ 9 front ( ! op5+ 9 :i* ! c5tre 0 to be1 ! light] be+ moor$ #ajj y>ds f x1 ab\t half an h\r be=e high wat]2 ^u ! turn+ ( ! tide x 0 gradually all[$ to float d[n ) ! ebb curr5t to its place4 ,by ! "t t ! light] ) ! c5tre ribs arriv$ 9 its exact position !re 0 always #b feet to sp>e1 9 ord] to all[ = any defici5cy ( ! tide2 z ! tide fell ! two ribs 7 securely deposit$ 9 _! places ^u ! fram+ & w$ges bel[ !m4 ,x %\ld be obs]v$1 t ^u ! w$ges !re 0 an additional fram+ s z to r$uce ! weight ( ! ma9 ribs ( ! c5tr+4 ,:5 ! ma9 ribs _h be5 deposit$ ^u ! fram+ w$ges1 !y 7 securely brac$ toge!r until ! :ole numb] ( ribs requir$ = ea* c5tre 0 fix$1 :5 !y 7 all brac$ firmly toge!r longitud9ally1 transv]sely1 & diagonally4 ,?is mode ( fix+ c5tres = ar*es ( any span 0 mo/ successful & economical1 & ,i believe t my fa!r 0 ! inv5tor ( x1 if x may be t]m$ an inv5tion4 ,my excell5t & tal5t$ fri5d1 ! late ,rob]t ,/eph5son1 adopt$ ! same me?od = fix+ ! tubes ( ! ,conway & ,m5ai ,/raits bridges4 ,he told me t he 0 n aw>e t my fa!r _h propos$ x be=e him2 b 9 ! #8,hi/ory ( ! ,britannia & ,conway ,bridges1' edit$1 ,i believe1 by ! pres5t ,mr4 ,edw9 ,cl>ke1 :o 0 employ$ "u ,mr4 ,/eph5son at ! ,conway ,bridge1 x is expressly m5tion$ t my fa!r _h previ\sly employ$ ! same plan4#c ,b to return to ,london ,bridge4 ,! works proce$$ successfully2 ! fif? or la/ ar* on ! ,city side 0 complet$ 9 #ahbi4 ,! c5tres ( ! fir/1 second1 & c5tre ar*es hav+ be5 remov$1 x 0 f\nd t !y _h subsid$ only #c in*es ea*1 :i* 0 ! exact di/ance t _h be5 all[$ =1 ) an extra half in* = ! c5tre ar*4 ,^u exam9+ ! ar*es & pi]s aft] x 0 suppos$ t !y _h subsid$1 x 0 f\nd t !re _h be5 an unequal s9k+1 t ! two c5tre pi]s _h subsid$ on ! ea/ side slightly m ?an on ! we/ side4 ,i 0 mu* puzzl$ at ?is1 & c\ld n = "s "t acc\nt = ! diff]5ce4 ,?ree or f\r ( ! quo9 ar*-/ones ( ! second ar* f ! ,city %ore _h be5 fractur$ = ab\t #h or #i in*es2 ?is1 h[ev]1 0 ( no consequ5ce1 = x is always difficult 9 su* l>ge ar*es to get ! workm5 to b$ ! quo9s accurately4 ,! same ?+ _h occurr$ 9 ! ,wat]loo & o!r bridges2 ,i 0 !re=e l$ to inve/igate ! subject m ?or\ghly dur+ ! con/ruction ( ! new bridge4 ,x 0 f\nd t ! c(f]dams = ! pi]s 9 sev]al in/ances 7 made 9 front ( ! op5+s or ar*es ( ! old bridge1 :i* c\ld n be avoid$4 ,^! dams necess>ily /ill fur!r ob/ruct$ ! wat]way ?r\gh ! old bridge2 ,i !re=e felt t x 0 absolutely ess5tial to f9d relief = ! ebb+ & fl[+ tides1 deta9$ bo? by ! old bridge & ! c(f]dams ( ! new bridge1 & accord+ly recomm5d$ t1 on ! s\? side ( ! ma9 ar* ( ! old bridge1 :i* 0 only #hj feet wide1 two ar*es %\ld be ?r[n into "o1 & t ! int]m$iate pi] %\ld be remov$1 by :i* means a s+le wide op5+ w\ld be made fac+ ! space betwe5 ! c(f]dams ( ! ar* & ! c5tre on ! ,surrey side ( ! new bridge1 b ! difficulty ( do+ ?is arose f ! fact t ! traffic ov] ! old bridge c\ld n be int]rupt$ = a mom5t4 ,i soon1 h[ev]1 f\nd an exp$i5t2 ,i ord]$ t ! requisite numb] ( logs ( ! be/ ,baltic fir timb] #ae in*es squ>e %\ld be prep>$ suffici5tly long to ext5d ov] ! two ar*es & pi]s ( ! old bridge :i* ,i propos$ to remove4 ,hav+ got ^! ready1 ,i /opp$ up "o half ( ! roadway1 leav+ ! o!r half op5 = ! traffic1 & work+ night & day1 ,i laid ^! :ole timb]s spann+ ! two ar*es to ! adjo9+ pi]s close toge!r1 bolt$ !m to ea* o!r1 & secur$ !m to a longitud9al be>] ( ! same dim5sions imb$d$ 9 ! masonry ( ! adjo9+ pi]s1 s t ! timb]s :i* 7 to =m ! increas$ op5+ re/$ firmly ^u !m4 ,hav+ done ?is1 ,i remov$ ! masonry ( ! int]m$iate ar* by degrees f b5ea? ! timb] gird]s1 plac+ a /rong diagonal /rut or support "u ea* gird] z ,i proce$$1 at ! same "t connect+ toge!r all ^! diagonal /ruts4 ,hav+ complet$ "o half ( ! tempor>y ar* or op5+1 ! traffic 0 div]t$ ov] x1 & ! o!r half 0 complet$ 9 ! same mann]2 ! :ole op]ation 0 accompli%$ )9 t5 days1 & ! traffic 0 n /opp$ = "o h\r4 ,! int]m$iate pi] ( ! old ar* 0 !n remov$ entirely4 ,z ! "w advanc$ to ! f\r? pi] on ! ,city side ano!r simil> op5+ 0 made4 ,^! alt]ations reliev$ ! riv] mat]ially1 & enabl$ ! works to be c>ri$ on mu* m securely1 & greatly dim9i%$ ! fall ?r\gh ! old bridge at l[ wat]4 ,nev]!less1 !re 0 increas$ sc\r aga9/ ! dams :]e ! op5+s 7 made1 :i* occasion$ ! slight unequal subsid5ce be=e m5tion$4 ,! la/ or fif? ar* 0 complet$ on ! ,city side1 ,janu>y1 #ahbi4 ,x has be5 m5tion$ t ,"l ,liv]pool's ,gov]nm5t _h always tak5 ! greate/ int]e/ 9 ! con/ruction ( new ,london ,bridge1 & gave ! ,corporation ( ,london e support 9 _! p[]1 n only = ! accommodation ( ! great traffic across x1 b = ! improvem5t ( ! ,?ames1 :i* ! removal ( ! old bridge w\ld effect2 & among/ ! m5 mo/ zeal\s 9 ,"l ,liv]pool's ,gov]nm5t 7 ! late ,m>quis ( ,salisbury1 !n ,"l ,cranb\rne1 & ! late ,e>l ( ,lonsdale1 !n ,"l ,l[!r2 bo? ^! noblem5 _h consid]able tal5t1 &1 fully alive to ! advanc+ ideas ( ! day1 7 ma9ly in/rum5tal 9 =w>d+ ?is great "w4 ,t amiable1 able1 & consci5ti\s nobleman1 ! ,e>l ( ,liv]pool1 _h succumb$ to ! effects ( a p>alytic /roke1 & ! ,duke ( ,well+ton 0 n[ ,premi]2 he took ! greate/ int]e/ 9 ! promotion ( ,london ,bridge & ev]y?+ connect$ ) x2 s t ! ,corporation ( ,london1 :o _h hi!rto be5 radically incl9$1 or _h r be5 oppos$ to ! ,tory ,gov]nm5t1 turn$ r ,cons]vative ?an o!rwise1 & ! ,duke became mo/ popul> ) !m2 he inv>iably1 :5ev] he c\ld1 accept$ _! invitations to ,guildhall & ! ,mansion ,h\se1 & 0 always receiv$ by !m ) ! greate/ respect & att5tion4 ,ri*>d ,lamb]t ,jones1 ! ,*airman ( ! ,london ,bridge ,committee1 0 8 p>ticul> fav\rite1 & he always %ook ,jones by ! h&1 a fav\r :i* he did n accord to ev]yone4 ,at ?is "t ! bridge _h made consid]able progress t[>ds completion1 & ! important "q arose1 :at 0 ! be/ plan = ! approa*es8 ,x 0 orig9ally int5d$1 9 ord] to save exp5se1 t ! old l9e ( ,fi% ,/reet ,hill1 on ! ,city side1 %\ld be adopt$1 pull+ d[n su* ( ! h\ses on ?is l9e z might be necess>y to make ! incl9e n /eep] ?an #a 9 #cj2 b inasmu* z ! great traffic ( ,upp] & ,l[] ,?ames ,/reet int]pos$ mat]ially ) ! ma9 body ( ! traffic com+ nor? & s\?1 x became mo/ important to consid] h[ ?is might be avoid$1 & ! old idea ( mak+ an ar* ov] ,?ames ,/reet 0 reviv$1 & 0 fav\rably receiv$ by ! ,london ,bridge ,committee2 ! "q 0 accord+ly ref]r$ by !m to me4 ,i _h always felt t ! old approa* by ,fi% ,/reet ,hill 0 a v great difficulty2 b1 re/rict$ z ,i 0 to ! old l9e ( approa*1 ,i felt t ,i c\ld n get out ( x )\t "s press+ necessity2 ,i 0 !re=e glad to h ! opportunity ( reconsid]+ ! subject1 p>ticul>ly :5 propos$ by ! ,committee4 ,x 0 q cle>1 t 9 any case an ar* ov] ,?ames ,/reet to sep>ate ! great c>t traffic ( t qu>t] f ! ma9 coa* & pass5g] traffic com+ f ! ,city1 ,s\?w>k1 & ! nor!rn & s\!rn p>ts ( ! t[n1 0 absolutely necess>y1 & ,i %\ld h propos$ x myself 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 if !re _h at t "t be5 any *ance ( its adoption1 & ,i am q sure t my fa!r w\ld h done ! same4 ,b if x _h be5 propos$ to div]t ! traffic f ! old l9e ( ,fi% ,/reet ,hill at ! fir/1 x is mo/ probable t x w\ld nev] h be5 c>ri$2 ,i 0 oblig$1 !re=e1 to conf9e myself to ! old approa*es1 leav+ ! future to develop itself4 ,! ,committee1 h[ev]1 hav+ tak5 up ! idea ( an ar* ov] ,?ames ,/reet1 ,i 0 only too happy to fall 9 ) x2 b z no?+ c\ld be done )\t ! sanction ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 x 0 det]m9$ by ! ,committee to br+ ! subject be=e !m at once2 ! m s1 z x w\ld require a mu* l>g] sum ?an orig9ally calculat$ to make ! approa*es1 = :i* ! ,committee _h no funds1 & a new ,act ( ,p>liam5t w\ld be requir$4 ,plans & e/imates 7 accord+ly prep>$ = ! new approa*es1 & submitt$ to ,8 ,maje/y's ,gov]nm5t4 ,! ,duke ( ,well+ton took ! greate/ int]e/ 9 ! subject1 & inve/igat$ x to ! fulle/ ext5t2 he visit$ ! place himself1 he int]rogat$ ! ,*airman ( ! ,committee & myself mo/ closely1 & at l5g?1 be+ fully conv9c$ t x 0 necess>y1 gave ! cons5t ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 provid$ t ! funds c\ld be f\nd4 ,9 ord] to meet ?is difficulty1 ! ,committee propos$ to increase ! coal tax1 :i*1 ) ! necess>y s9k+ fund1 w\ld pay (f ! :ole sum necess>y to make ! new approa*es1 :i* 7 e/imat$ at #a1djj1jjjl41 9 a giv5 numb] ( ye>s4 ,! ,gov]nm5t cons5t$ to ?is1 & ! requisite notices1 plans1 c41 7 giv5 & deposit$ 9 ! mon? ( ,novemb]1 #ahbh4 ,e>ly 9 #ahbi ! ,bill 0 br\ght into ,p>liam5t1 & 0 mo/ /rongly oppos$ by ! great nor!rn coal-own]s1 ,"l ,durham1 ,"l ,londond]ry1 ,"l ,laud]dale1 & o!rs1 z well z by a consid]able body ( ,london]s1 & aft] a h>d fight ! ,bill pass$ ! ,h\se ( ,commons & got into ! ,lords2 b "h ! opposition 0 m viol5t & p[]ful ?an ev]4 ,! ,duke ( ,well+ton1 h[ev]1 hav+ be5 ?or\ghly conv9c$ ( ! necessity & ju/ice ( ! measure1 det]m9$ t x %\ld be c>ri$ if possible1 :il/ ! ,opposition 7 equally det]m9$ to ?r[ x out4 ,! ,committee accord+ly met 9 ! ,pa9t$ ,*amb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 & ! extraord9>y numb] ( =ty pe]s1 includ+ sev5 cab9et m9i/]s1 assembl$1 ! ,duke ( ,well+ton be+ 9 ! *air4 ,! ,opposition compris$1 among/ o!rs1 ,e>l ,grey1 8 son-9-law ! ,e>l ( ,durham1 ! ,m>quis ( ,londond]ry1 ! ,e>l ( ,laud]dale1 c4 ,su* a committee ^u a private ,bill has nev] s9ce be5 se5 9 ! ,lords1 & p]haps nev] w be aga94 ,! brunt ( ! battle fell ^u me2 ,i 0 ! lead+ witness1 & _h to e/abli% ! :ole case4 ,i nev] felt m n]v\s 9 my life2 ,i 0 to be prep>$ ^u all po9ts to def5d ev]ybody else's errors z well z my own4 ,i knew !re 7 sev]al weak po9ts1 & ?\gh ,i _h an excell5t case ^u ! :ole1 ,i /ill felt ! greate/ difficulty ab\t x2 ,i knew also p]fectly well1 t if ,i broke d[n1 my c>e] z an eng9e] 0 ru9$ = ev]1 = ! ,gov]nm5t _h p9n$ _! fai? ^u me2 ,i !re=e _h made myself ?or\ghly ma/] ( ! subject1 & det]m9$ to s9k or swim ) x4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,montague1 !n surveyor to ! ,city1 0 a v s5sible1 practical man1 & ( great exp]i5ce 9 ! valuation ( prop]ty1 & possess$ consid]able influ5ce ) ! ,corporation2 b :e!r x 0 jeal\sy at my be+ s mu* y\ng] ?an himself1 or :e!r he ?\ght ! po/ ( hon\r %\ld h be5 giv5 to him1 ,i _c say1 b he did n act cordially ) me4 ,t v rem>kable man1 ,ri*>d ,lamb]t ,jones1 ! ,*airman ( ! ,bridge1 ) 8 usual tact & sagacity1 at once saw ?is1 & ?\ght t if he 0 exam9$ !re might be "s discrepancy :i* our enemies w\ld take advantage (2 he !re=e1 ) ! concurr5ce ( 8 ,committee1 det]m9$ t ,i alone %\ld fight ! battle ( ! e/imates1 ^u :i* ! :ole fate ( ! ,bill dep5d$4 ,x 0 well1 bo? = ,montague & myself1 t ?is c\rse 0 tak52 = ,montague1 :5 ! fir/ ,bill ( #ahba 0 c>ri$1 _h made ! surveys ( ! prop]ty to be tak5 = ! approa*es on bo? sides ( ! bridge1 :i* 0 conf9$ to #ahj feet above ! old bridge4 ,?is limit ought to h be5 tak5 9 a direct l9e1 at "r angles to ! old bridge2 b un=tunately x 0 tak5 accord+ to ! l9e ( ! %ore1 :i* ne> ! old bridge rec$$ consid]ably1 :il/ ! old ,fi%mong]s' ,hall project$ beyond x1 mak+ ! direct l9e1 if tak51 z x ought to h be51 at "r angles to ! old bridge1 #bj feet long] ?an if measur$ accord+ to ! l9e ( ! %ore4 ,?is diff]5ce ( #bj feet r5d]$ x necess>y t old ,fi%mong]s' ,hall %\ld be remov$1 & negotiations imm$iately comm5c$ betwe5 ! ,london ,bridge ,committee & ! ,fi%mong]s' ,company ) respect to ! pur*ase ( ?is piece ( l&4 ,! ,fi%mong]s' ,company behav$ v fairly2 !y said t !y did n wi% to build a new hall1 z ! exi/+ /ructure answ]$ _! purpose v well2 b if !y 7 compell$ to "p ) ?is #bj feet ( gr\nd1 !y mu/ build a new hall1 :i* !y did n want to d4 ,h[ev]1 z !y _h no wi% to imp$e ! con/ruction ( ! bridge & approa*es1 !y 7 will+ to sell ! /rip ( l& on :i* "p ( _! hall /ood1 namely1 #bj feet 9 wid?1 = #bj1jjjl4 #ajjjl4 p] foot at fir/ sight appe>$ a v l>ge sum1 al?\gh at pres5t x w\ld be consid]$ rem>kably *eap4 ,! ,committee ( ! bridge1 look+ at ! matt] fairly1 resolv$ to pay ! ,fi%mong]s' ,company ! requir$ sum 9 full comp5sation = ev]y?+1 & ! ,fi%mong]s' ,company might1 if !y ?\ght fit1 build a new hall at _! own exp5se4 ,?is agreem5t 0 !n settl$1 provid$ t ! ,bill = mak+ ! new approa*es by an ar* across ,?ames ,/reet %\ld pass ! legislature4 ,kn[+ ?is fact1 ,i 0 v anxi\s t ?is error ( ,mr4 ,montague's %\ld n come out be=e ! ,committee ( ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 z x 0 no d\bt a great mi/ake1 & if x _h transpir$1 x might mat]ially h injur$ our case4 ,i det]m9$1 !re=e1 dur+ my exam9ation1 to keep x out ( view z f> z possible2 at ! same "t1 if x 0 fairly put to me1 ( c\rse ,i felt myself b\nd to give e hone/ explanation4 ,p]haps ,mr4 ,montague 0 n anxi\s to be exam9$2 anyh[1 he 0 n1 & ! :ole bur!n fell ^u me4 ,! opposition 9 ! ,lords' ,committee 0 head$ by ! ,e>l ( ,durham1 a v able & intellig5t man2 he w\ld h made an excell5t lawy] if ,provid5ce _h s design$ x1 & 9 ?is in/ance he conduct$ 8 case admirably4 ,i got ?r\gh ! exam9ation 9 *ief v well1 & ! oppos+ c\nsel comm5c$ 8 cross-exam9ation1 & made no?+ ( x4 ,!n ,"l ,durham got up & = ?ree days ,i und]w5t z sev]e a cross-exam9ation z ,i ev] exp]i5c$1 ei!r be=e or s9ce4 ,he seem$ to be aw>e ( all ! facts1 & omitt$ no?+ to r5d] 8 case triumphant4 ,i always fe>$ t he 0 com+ to ! mi/ake ab\t ,fi%mong]s' ,hall1 b he nev] did1 & ,i _h to lead him away f x z f> z possible2 at la/ he got to ! frontages 9 ! diff]5t /reets ( ! respective p>i%es :i* 7 propos$ to be tak51 & ! new frontages ( ! new /reets :i* 7 to be erect$4 ,"h ,i %[$ v cle>ly t ! l9eal frontage accord+ to ! propos$ new /reets w\ld be great] ?an ! frontages tak5 away4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 did n satisfy 8 ,lord%ip1 = he cont5d$ t "s ( ! p>i%es w\ld lose a great deal m frontage ?an !y w\ld obta94 ,i _h "s idea t ?is w\ld be ! case1 & !re=e did n ?9k x necess>y to take ! individual frontage ga9$ & lo/ by ea* p>i%4 ,i ?\ght x 0 q suffici5t to "k t ^u ! :ole a great] l9e ( frontage w\ld be giv5 by ! new approa*es1 ?an tak5 away f ! old4 ,! p>i%es :i* _h petition$ aga9/ ! ,bill on ?is acc\nt1 argu$ t 9 "s ( !m ! rates w\ld be greatly dim9i%$1 & t 9 o!rs !y w\ld be greatly increas$1 :i* w\ld cause an unequal & unju/ di/ribution4 ,i /ill kept to my po9t1 & said ^u ! :ole1 )\t go+ into detail1 ! p>i%es w\ld be ! ga9]s1 & x 0 = !m to adju/ ! rates among/ !mselves4 ,"l ,durham 0 v indignant at my ob/9acy 9 ma9ta9+ ?is po9t1 & tri$ 9 e way to make me confess t ,i _h made a mi/ake2 ,i nev]!less /uck to x1 & said t if ,i _h tri$ to equalize all ! frontages1 my survey might h ext5d$ to ! ,t[]1 & !re w\ld h be5 no end ( ! exp5se4 ,by ?is "t he 0 los+ 8 temp]1 & said t if ,i 0 n v c>eful ,i might g to ! ,t[] /ill4 ,at ?is ! ,committee smil$1 & 8 ,lord%ip1 be+ fairly baffl$1 sat d[n1 & ,i1 hav+ be5 told t !y _h no fur!r que/ions1 left ! witness-box ) ! greate/ alacrity4 ,x 0 consid]$ t ,i _h made out ! case = ! ,bill s completely1 bo? z reg>ds ! e/imates & ! absolute necessity1 9 a public po9t ( view1 ( c>ry+ ! new approa*es into effect1 t no o!r pr(essional witness 0 put into ! box1 except ! pres5t able *amb]la91 ,mr4 ,scott1 !n *amb]la9's *ief assi/ant1 :o gave su* cle> & /raight=w>d evid5ce ) reg>d to ! funds :i* 7 disposable by ! ,corporation1 & ! way 9 :i* !y 7 adm9i/]$1 t ! ,committee ( ! ,lords pass$ ! ,bill = ! ,london ,bridge ,approa*es ) b few diss5ti5t voices4 ,! ,duke ( ,well+ton1 & five or six ,cab9et ,m9i/]s ) him1 att5d$ e day1 & 9 fact kept ,p>liam5t sitt+ to pass ! ,bill4 ,x 0 curi\s to obs]ve t he nev] = a mom5t int]rupt$ ! oppon5ts ( ! measure2 he gave !m full scope1 & nev] said a ^w until !y _h _h _! say1 !n he put ! "q1 & c>ri$ x )\t difficulty4 ,aft] ! fif? ar*1 ! fir/ on ! ,surrey side1 0 key$1 ! s9k+ 0 obs]v$ to be #d in*es1 or ab\t #a in* m ?an ! o!rs4 ,i c\ld n v well acc\nt = ?is4 ,i also obs]v$ t two ( ! quo9s on ! s\?-ea/ end ( ! f\r? ar* f ! ,surrey %ore _h spl9t]$ (f at ! s(fit1 b no crack c\ld be obs]v$ 9 ! sp&ril walls2 b ^u levell+ ! pi]s1 x 0 f\nd t ! ea/ end _h subsid$ f #aj to #ad in*es m ?an ! upp] or we/ end4 ,?is ,i c\ld acc\nt = 9 no o!r way b t !re _h be5 a great] sc\r "h ?an at ! upp] end1 & t ! piles _h to "s ext5t be5 laid b>e4 ,i levell$ ! ar*es & pi]s con/antly aft] ?is = sev]al mon?s f a fix$ /&>d gauge1 b c\ld f9d no alt]ation2 ,i !re=e felt satisfi$ t ! :ole ( ! pi] abutm5ts _h come to _! f9al be>+1 & ! works 7 cont9u$ z fa/ z possible t[>ds completion4 ,9 #ahcj ! ,duke's ,gov]nm5t retir$1 & he himself became z unpopul> z he be=e _h be5 popul>2 yet he nev] des]t$ ,london ,bridge1 & 0 m frequ5t 9 8 visits ?an ev]4 ,i (t5 us$ to att5d him at five & six 9 ! summ] morn+s2 he g5]ally came on horseback1 & rema9$ f half an h\r to an h\r1 & sometimes m if necess>y4 ,at l5g? ! :ole bridge & ! approa*es 7 complet$1 & ,8 ,maje/y1 ,k+ ,william1 at ! special reque/ ( ! ,corporation ( ,london1 condesc5d$ to fix a day on :i* he w\ld op5 ! bridge 9 p]son4 ,e>l ,grey1 :o _h /rongly oppos$ ! ,bill = ! improv$ approa*es two ye>s be=e1 n[1 z ,premi]1 accompani$ ,8 ,maje/y to inaugurate ! op5+ ( ! same4 ,p]haps1 z a spectacle ( ! k9d1 x 0 ! mo/ brilliant ( any t _h tak5 place = fully a c5tury2 & ! :ole ,corporation1 includ+ ! ,bridge ,committee1 did ev]y?+ 9 _! p[]1 = ! hon\r ( ! ,city ( ,london1 to r5d] ! pageant z spl5did z possible4 ,! :ole ( ! space at ! nor? or ,city end ( ! bridge 0 cov]$ ) a magnific5t t5t1 sev]al hundr$ feet long1 decorat$ 9 ! greate/ ta/e ) ! flags ( all nations1 & ) anci5t & mod]n arms gr\p$ r\nd ! /&>ds =m+ ! supports ( ! t5t1 "u :i* 7 arrang$ tables = #adjj gue/s1 = :om a spl5did collation 0 provid$4 ,8 ,maje/y1 ,k+ ,william1 came 9 ! royal b>ge 9 /ate1 accompani$ by all 8 m9i/]s1 & ^u 8 arrival 0 greet$ ) a salute ( tw5ty-"o guns f ! ,t[]4 ,all ! pi]s & ar*es 7 decorat$ ) l(ty /&>ds display+ ! national emblems2 ! :ole ( ^!1 z well z ! great t5t & decorations1 7 "u ! direction ( ,mr4 ,/acey1 ( ! ,ordnance dep>tm5t ( ! ,t[]1 & ! greate/ cr$it is due to him = ! admirable ta/e :i* he display$4 ,! c]emony consi/$ 9 ,k+ ,william walk+ ov] ! bridge1 accompani$ by 8 m9i/]s1 ! ,"l ,mayor & ,corporation1 & ! ,bridge ,committee4 ,:5 ,8 ,maje/y arriv$ at ! ,s\?w>k end a balloon asc5d$1 c>ry+ ,mr4 ,ri*>d ,craw%ay2 ! ,t[] guns !n s5t =? ano!r salute1 & ,k+ ,william & 8 cortge return$ to ! t5t at ! ,city end ( ! bridge1 :]e !y p>took ( lun* ) ! usual c]emonies1 & return$ by wat] z !y came1 ) ano!r royal salute f ! ,t[]4 ,! day 0 rem>kably f9e1 ! riv] 0 cov]$ ) boats fill$ ) gaily-dress$ p2 ! :>ves1 w>eh\ses1 & bridges 7 ?rong$ ) spectators2 9 fact1 x 0 a great metropolitan holiday2 ev]y?+ w5t (f well1 & all appe>$ to be satisfi$2 ,i 0 p>ticul>ly s4 ,i _h be5 v h>d work$1 ,i may say almo/ night & day1 = "s "t pa/1 to get ?+s ready1 & 0 ( c\rse r tri$2 nev]!less1 ! success :i* att5d$ ! :ole r5d]$ me completely unm9dful ( myself1 & ,i =got all my fatigues1 = ,i 0 amply rew>d$ = all my tr\bles & anxieties4 ,a few days aft] ! op5+ ( ,london ,bridge1 ,jeffreys1 ! *eesemong] ( ,ludgate ,hill1 pres5t$ a petition to ,p>liam5t ?r\gh ! well-kn[n ,h5ry ,hunt1 /at+ t ! new bridge 0 com+ d[n4 ,jeffreys 0 v mu* annoy$ because he _h receiv$ no recomp5se = 8 repeat$ proposals ) reg>d to ! new approa*es1 ?\gh he 0 nev] regul>ly employ$2 b he 0 "o ( ^? active1 intellig5t p]sons1 :o are always int]f]+ 9 matt]s :i* d n conc]n !m4 ,if he _h devot$ himself to 8 own bus9ess he might h done well2 b1 un=tunately1 he neglect$ ?is1 & fanci$ himself a great eng9e]1 a po/ = :i* he 0 absurdly incompet5t4 ,he mi/ook 8 vocation1 & 9 attempt+ to d t = :i* he 0 :olly unfit1 he neglect$ ! bus9ess ( a tradesman1 = :i* he 0 ?or\ghly suit$4 ,! petition end$ 9 its be+ ref]r$ to a ,commission1 consi/+ ( ,j4 ,walk]1 ,tel=d1 & ,ti]ney ,cl>k1 :o exam9$ ! bridge c>efully & made _! report1 :i* 0 col\rless & came to no?+1 z ! subsid5ce spok5 ( _h tak5 place two ye>s & a half be=e1 & _h n increas$1 nor has x done s up to ! pres5t day4 ,9 all works ( great magnitude1 & p>ticul>ly 9 su* a difficult situation z t 9 :i* ,london ,bridge is built1 x is impossible to be c]ta9 ( atta9+ absolute p]fection1 b ! ,committee1 be+ p]fectly satisfi$ ( ! /ability ( ! new bridge1 det]m9$ to remove ! old "o =?)1 & ,i receiv$ ord]s accord+ly4 ,! removal 0 contract$ = by ,messrs4 ,jolliffe & ,banks1 = ! sum ( #aj1jjjl41 !y hav+ ! b5efit ( ! old mat]ials1 except 9 s f> t !y 7 to fill up ! holes 9 ! riv] bel[ bo? bridges1 to ! ext5t ( #ad feet bel[ l[ wat] ( spr+ tides1 :i* 0 r m ?an ! av]age dep? ( ! riv] 9 ! vic9ity2 !y 7 also b\nd to remove ! :ole ( ! f\ndations ( ! pi]s1 />l+s1 c41 ( ! old bridge1 to ! same dep?4 ,! :ole ( ^! op]ations 7 complet$ 9 ! ye> #ahcd1 :5 ! riv]1 aft] a lapse ( #feh ye>s1 0 re/or$ to its natural /ate4 ,! hi/ory ( old ,london ,bridge is replete ) int]e/1 & =ms a v curi\s epo* 9 ! annals ( bridge build+ be=e ! embankm5t ( ! riv] ,?ames by ! ,romans4 ,! ,s\?w>k side1 :i* is 9 _m places consid]ably bel[ ! level ( high wat] ( spr+ tides1 0 frequ5tly flood$1 & num]\s creeks 7 =m$ 9 x1 s t ! riv] mu/ h be5 v unequal 9 its dep?1 & fill$ ) num]\s %oals1 & =dable at l[ wat] 9 sev]al places ne> ,london2 & !re 0 evid5tly an appe>ance ( a =d at ! site ( old ,london ,bridge1 z 9 _m cases ! pi]s 7 f\nd$ on ! orig9al gr\nd1 :i* mu/ h be5 dry1 or ne>ly s1 at l[ wat]2 ^! pi]s 7 9 _m in/ances wid] ?an ! adjo9+ ar*es1 s t !y (f]$ consid]able ob/ruction to ! free fl[ ( ! tidal & fre% wat]s ?r\gh ! bridge4 ,^! ob/ructions necess>ily increas$ ! velocity & sc\r ( ! curr5t1 & ?reat5$ to c>ry away ! old bridge4 ,great />l+s1 or timb] cas+s ( piles1 7 erect$ r\nd ! bridge pi]s1 & ! spaces betwe5 !m 7 fill$ 9 ) *alk4 ,^! />l+s /ill fur!r n>r[$ ! op5+s ( ! ar*es1 s t at l[ wat] "s ( !m 7 little m ?an #h or #aj feet wide1 & ! ob/ructions became s great1 t ! fall at l[ wat] increas$ to #e feet p]p5dicul>4 ,five op5+s on ! s\? end & "o 9 ! nor? end 7 occupi$ by wat]-:eels = pump+ wat] = ! ,city4 ,! ob/ruction caus$ by ^! works 0 s great t ! celebrat$ ,smeaton 0 employ$ by ! ,corporation ( ,london to take d[n ! two ar*es ne> ! c5tre1 & replace !m by a s+le "o ( #hj feet span4 ,! orig9al bridge is said to h be5 built 9 ! ye> #aagf2 b betwe5 t "t & ! p]iod ( its removal 9 #ahcd1 x und]w5t s _m alt]ations & *anges t x may almo/ be said to h be5 rebuilt sev]al times4 ,x 0 orig9ally cov]$ ) h\ses1 z ev]yone kn[s1 leav+ a n>r[ passage betwe5 = ! traffic4 ,to describe ! num]\s alt]ations w\ld require a l>ge volume1 & ! read] is !re=e ref]r$ to an int]e/+ acc\nt ( ?is curi\s old /ructure call$ #8,! ,*ronicles ( ,old ,london ,bridge4' ,num]\s speculations 7 made by sci5tific m51 eng9e]s & o!rs1 on ! effect ! removal ( ! old bridge w\ld h ^u ! riv]4 ,my fa!r po9t$ out ! probable results 9 a v simple mann]2 he said t ! riv] 0 9 an artificial /ate 9 consequ5ce ( ! old bridge act+ z a dam to ! free passage ( ! wat]s upw>ds & d[nw>ds1 bo? tidal & fre%2 & ! consequ5ce 01 t ! riv] above _h to a c]ta9 ext5t accommodat$ itself to circum/ances4 ,by ! removal ( ?is ob/ruction ! riv] w\ld soon be r$uc$ to its natural level2 ! fall ( #d to #e feet ?r\gh ! bridge w\ld be remov$1 consequ5tly ! tide w\ld rise s mu* high] & fall s mu* l[] above bridge1 & s mu* m tidal wat] w\ld be admitt$ above ! old bridge ?r\gh\t ! :ole l5g? ( ! tidal fl[ z f> z ,t$d+ton ,lock2 & ?is increas$ quantity ( tidal wat] pass+ up & d[n twice ea* way dur+ ! tw5ty-f\r h\rs w\ld sc\r ! b$ ( ! riv]1 & ?us remove ! great quantity ( mud deposit$ along ! %ores4 ,& fur!r1 t ! dra9age ( ! metropolis1 & 9 fact ! :ole valley ( ! ,?ames1 at lea/ z f> z ,t$d+ton1 w\ld be greatly improv$2 & ! wat]1 be+ con/antly *ang$1 w\ld be cle>] & fre%]4 ,he fur!r said1 t ! actual level ( high wat] w\ld sc>cely be mat]ially affect$1 p]haps n exce$+ #e or #f in*es2 & la/ly1 t ! process w\ld be gradual1 & t x w\ld take sev]al ye>s be=e ! riv] w\ld atta9 its f9al & natural /ate4 ,su* has prov$ to be ! result4 ,z ! works ( new ,london ,bridge proce$$ att5tion 0 drawn to ! irregul> outl9e ( ! :>ves1 :i* 7 n only unsightly b extremely injuri\s to ! regul> passage ( ! wat]s4 ,at ?is "t also1 p hav+ visit$ ,p>is & o!r great cont95tal cities1 7 /ruck ) ! ar*itectural beauties :i* !y _h se51 & became mu* disgu/$ ) ! mean1 %abby-look+ appe>ance ( ,london2 & well !y might1 = !re 7 no great lead+ ?or\ghf>es wor?y ( ! "n4 ,cockspur ,/reet1 lead+ f ! ,/r& to ,pall ,mall1 0 sc>cely #bj feet wide2 ! ,royal ,mews occupi$ ,trafalg> ,squ>e2 ! ,haym>ket 0 encumb]$ by hayc>ts2 ,cross's ,m5ag]ie & ,exet] ,*ange block$ up ! ,/r& ne> ,wat]loo ,bridge2 ! connection betwe5 ,holborn & ,ox=d ,/reet 0 r\nd by old ,/4 ,giles'1 & ,f>r+don ,/reet 0 fill$ ) a m>ket1 & surr\nd$ by und]tak]s4 ,reg5t ,/reet _h be5 comm5c$ "u ! direction ( t clev] ar*itect ,na%1 :i*1 f 8 novel mode ( gr\p+ %ops into di/9ct masses ( diff]5t /yles1 excit$ consid]able att5tion1 & 0 totally diff]5t to any?+ we _h hi!rto se5 9 ! metropolis4 ,?is great & really magnific5t /reet 01 ,i am told1 entirely 8 own idea1 & accord+ to ! op9ion ( ! late ,sir ,rob]t ,smirke1 0 a ,h]culean task1 on acc\nt ( ! great v>iety ( int]e/s to be dealt )1 & he told me t nobody b ! indefatigable ,na% c\ld h c>ri$ x ?r\gh4 ,he built a h\se !re = himself1 n[ ! ,gall]y ( ,illu/ration1 opposite to ! ,club ,*amb]s ne> ,wat]loo ,place1 :]e ,george ,,iv4 hon\r$ him ) a visit4 ,9 fact1 j ab\t ?is "t !re 0 a p]fect mania = ar*itectural improvem5ts4 ,a committee1 call$ ! ,committee ( ,ta/e1 0 accord+ly appo9t$1 9 ord] to design su* improvem5ts z 7 imp]atively requir$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,*>+ ,cross1 ! ,/r&1 & ,holborn & ,ox=d ,/reet4 ,?is ,committee consi/$ ( ! late ,"l ,f>nbor\gh1 ,john ,wilson ,crok]1 ,sir ,john ,soane1 ,sir ,rob]t ,smirke1 ,na%1 & two or ?ree o!rs1 & c]ta9ly no committee ev] dis*>g$ its duties bett]4 ,to its lab\rs we are indebt$ = ,trafalg> ,squ>e & ! improvem5ts 9 ! ,/r&1 ,cockspur ,/reet1 ! ,haym>ket1 ! old ,op]a ,h\se1 & ^? betwe5 ,ox=d ,/reet & ,holborn1 :i* are really v good1 & ! ar*itecture1 al?\gh n altoge!r faultless1 is nev]!less1 tak5 z a :ole1 v effective2 9 fact1 no?+ l ^! improvem5ts has be5 effect$ s9ce4 ,! new /reet f ,wat]loo ,bridge to ,ox=d ,/reet1 und]tak5 soon aft]1 has be5 a mis]able failure2 in/ead ( tak+ a direct l9e1 !y avail$ !mselves z f> z !y c\ld ( ! old mis]able int]v5+ /reets1 s t ?is ?or\ghf>e1 :i* ought to h be5 "o ( ! be/ 9 ,london1 is n[ "o ( ! wor/1 & ! increase 9 ! value ( ! prop]ty on ea* side has be5 v little4 ,b if ?is /reet _h be5 made 9 a /raight l9e1 & ( ample wid?1 ! %ops & build+s on bo? sides w\ld h be5 ( a sup]ior "*1 & w\ld h yield$ f> high] r5ts1 :i* w\ld h gone a long way t[>ds pay+ "p ( ! exp5ses1 if n ! :ole4 ,ab\t ?is "t ,sir ,f4 ,tr5*1 :o mov$ 9 ! mo/ fa%ionable circles & 0 a great amateur 9 ar*itecture & f9e arts1 0 seiz$ & enraptur$ ) ! idea ( con/ruct+ quays along ! banks ( ! ,?ames1 betwe5 ,:itehall & ,blackfri>s ,bridge1 & conv]t+ ! space s recov]$ f ! %ore ( ! ,?ames into a h&some c>riage-drive & prom5ade ornam5t$ ) g>d5s & f\nta9s4 ,he appli$ to ! late ,mr4 ,philip ,wyatt & myself to assi/ him 9 prep>+ ! designs & 9 obta9+ an ,act ( ,p>liam5t to c>ry x into effect4 ,at ! reque/ ( ! ,london ,bridge ,committee ,i _h previ\sly1 9 company ) ! late ,mr4 ,w4 ,mylne1 prep>$ a g5]al plan = ?is object1 b x w5t no f>!r on acc\nt ( ! difficulty ( rais+ ! funds4 ,tr5*1 h[ev]1 ov]look$ ?is1 & said he _h no d\bt t suffici5t money w\ld be obta9$4 ,he accord+ly1 ) 8 great influ5ce & indefatigable activity1 =m$ a committee ( ! highe/ class2 nei!r 7 ! ladies exclud$2 among/ o!rs1 ! beautiful ,du*ess ( ,rutl& took ! greate/ int]e/ 9 ! und]tak+1 & at ! fir/ meet+1 :i* took place at ,h] ,grace's h\se1 %e 0 unanim\sly vot$ to ! *air1 & conduct$ ev]y?+ 9 ! mo/ bus9ess-l mann]4 ,"l ,palm]/on1 !n ,secret>y = ,w>1 took a lead+ "p1 & x is s+ul> t _m ye>s lat] 8 ,lord%ip1 !n ,premi]1 %\ld h propos$ a simil> measure1 & ! cont9uation ( ! coal duties = c>ry+ x into effect1 :i* 0 adopt$2 b :5 we propos$ ! und]tak+ & ! mode ( rais+ ! funds1 not)/&+ our p[]ful committee1 ! idea 0 consid]$ z *im]ical4 ,tr5*1 h[ev]1 0 s confid5t t ! means w\ld be f\nd1 t he w5t to consid]able exp5se 9 prep>+ a book ornam5t$ ) num]\s beautiful engrav+s %[+ ! effect :i* w\ld be produc$ by ! und]tak+1 to :i* ,wyatt & myself contribut$ our %>e4 ,a solicitor1 nam$ ,lee*1 0 appo9t$1 notices = go+ to ,p>liam5t 7 duly giv51 & ! necess>y plans & e/imates 7 deposit$2 b :5 ! "q z to ! means ( rais+ ! funds came be=e ! ,manag+ ,committee1 ev]ybody 0 at a loss4 ,to =m a company appe>$ impossible1 z x did n appe> t suffici5t rev5ue w\ld be d]iv$ f ! und]tak+2 & z to rais+ funds by increas+ & ext5d+ ! coal tax1 ! ,gov]nm5t 0 decid$ly oppos$ to x2 !y said !y _h done z mu* 9 ?is way z possible = ,london ,bridge1 & t ! public w\ld n submit to any fur!r tax ( ! k9d4 ,?us1 aft] a consid]able deal ( useless tr\ble & exp5se1 ,tr5*1 ,wyatt1 & myself 7 oblig$ to ab&on ?is great und]tak+1 :i* has s9ce be5 c>ri$ into effect ne>ly ^u ! same pr9ciples z we recomm5d$4 ,z to ! ar*itecture ( ! approa*es to ,london ,bridge1 ,i ref]r$ ! subject to my bro!r-9-law1 ,cock]ell1 a v accompli%$ & compet5t au?ority1 & ,i exhibit$ 8 designs to ! ,committee z well z "s ( my own4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 consid]$ !m to be too ornam5tal & co/ly1 al?\gh !y 7 z pla9 & simple z ^! important approa*es r5d]$ necess>y4 ,! ,committee1 hav+ reject$ !m1 ref]r$ ! subject to ! late ,sir ,rob]t ,smirke1 !n "o ( ! ,cr[n ar*itects1 & he design$ ! pres5t build+s on bo? sides ( ! bridge1 z f> z ,k+ ,william ,/reet on ! nor?1 & ! old t[nhall ( ,s\?w>k on ! s\?2 & c]ta9ly1 ) all due respect to my late fri5d ,sir ,rob]t ,smirke1 a m unwor?y set ( build+s 0 nev] design$4 ,?us n only has a r>e opportunity ( mak+ h&some & appropriate build+s to "o ( ! greate/ ?or\ghf>es 9 ! _w be5 lo/1 b ! build+s are s l[ & badly built1 t ! advantages ( ! gr\nd1 :i* x mu/ h be5 =ese5 7 capable ( almo/ unlimit$ developm5t z reg>ds r5tal1 h be5 9 a great measure ?r[n away4 ,:il/ build+ ,london ,bridge ,i _h also num]\s o!r works to att5d to1 namely1 ! ,admiralty works1 ! h>b\rs ( ,ramsgate1 ,sund]l&1 ,donaghadee1 ,port ,patrick1 ,k+/[n1 & ,port ,ru%1 ,/a9es ,bridge1 ! bridge across ! ,s]p5t9e 9 ,hyde ,p>k1 f9i%+ ! ,eau ,br9k ,works1 ! ,n5e & ,)am outfalls1 ! ,an*olme ,dra9age1 toge!r ) a good deal ( miscellane\s bus9ess4 ,z ! h>b\rs & ,admiralty works are fully describ$ 9 my book on #8,briti% & ,=eign ,h>b\rs1' ,i w proce$ to ! dra9age3 fir/1 ! ,eau ,br9k4 ,i h already said t ! ,great ,cut 0 op5$ 9 #ahba1 j at ! p]iod ( my fa!r's dea?2 accord+ to ! late/ ,act1 ! eng9e]s ( dra9age & navigation 7 oblig$ to report )9 twelve mon?s aft] ! op5+ ( ! cut2 !y 7 oblig$ to exam9e ! :ole1 & report h[ f> !y _h be5 complet$1 & :at fur!r 0 necess>y 9 ord] to r5d] !m effici5t4 ,mr4 ,tel=d & myself accord+ly devot$ sev]al days to ?is2 on exam9+ ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut we f\nd t x _h be5 made 9 exact con=mity ) ,hudd>t's design1 z specifi$ by ! ,act2 b1 not)/&+1 ! upp] end 0 too small1 & ! sc\r !re 0 s great t x ?reat5$ to break ?r\gh ! bank across ! upp] end ( ! old *annel1 & ?us rev]t to its old c\rse4 ,we !re=e recomm5d$ t x %\ld be increas$ "o-?ird 9 area1 ! greate/ "p ( ! increase be+ at ! upp] end1 & t ! money de/9$ 9 ! e/imate = cle>+ away ! %oals 9 ! riv] betwe5 ! cut & ,d5v] ,sluice %\ld be us$ = ! purpose ( wid5+ ! cut1 z ! b$ ( ! riv] did n require cle>+4 ,?is report took ! ,commission]s by surprise4 ,!y said !y _h be5 deceiv$1 & did n believe t x 0 requir$1 & w\ld h ! :ole subject inve/igat$ by o!r eng9e]s1 :i* 0 accord+ly done4 ,h[ev]1 x end$ 9 prov+ t ,mr4 ,tel=d & myself 7 "r1 & ! enl>gem5t ( ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut 0 made "u my direction2 ?is _h ! effect ( l[]+ ! l[-wat] m>k at ! upp] end #b feet m1 mak+ #g feet altoge!r4 ,! sc\r ( ! cut 0 s mu* m ?an e/imat$1 t ! banks betwe5 ,d5v] ,sluice & ! cut 7 9 _m places und]m9$1 ! *annel 0 div]t$ f ! old quays 9 ,lynn1 & sev]al build+s on ! opposite %ore 7 wa%$ d[n1 & z ! ,eau ,br9k ,commission]s 7 b\nd "u ! ,act to comp5sate = any damages done to any int]e/ or p>ty1 !y1 ! ,commission]s1 7 compell$ to pay = all ^! damages--#ej1jjjl4 to ! bank own]s1 #bh1jjjl41 & #gjjl4 a ye> to ,lynn ,h>b\r1 #aj1jjjl4 to ! ,m>%l& ,dra9age1 & o!r m9or sums4 ,hav+ settl$ ?is1 !y obta9$ an ,act to relieve !mselves f all fur!r liability4 ,my fa!r _h be5 employ$ by ! ,duke ( ,b$=d1 & o!r great l&[n]s 9 ! nor? level ( ! f5s1 to consid] ! be/ plan ( improv+ ! ,n5e1 s z to r5d] x a good outfall = ! dra9age ( ! ext5sive l[ f5 l&s bord]+ x1 :i*1 on acc\nt ( _! bad dra9age1 7 frequ5tly subject to floods1 & comp>atively valueless4 ,my fa!r wrote a v able report on ! subject1 & recomm5d$ t ! ,n5e %\ld be deep5$1 enl>g$1 & l[]$ ?r\gh\t its c\rse f ,pet]bor\gh to ! sea2 t a new *annel %\ld be made f a place call$ ,rumm]y ,mill above1 to ! ,horse-%oe ,b5d1 bel[ ,wisbea* 7= ! c\rse foll[$ by ! riv] ?r\gh ! t[n 0 s crook$ & conf9$ t x c\ld n be suffici5tly improv$ )\t incurr+ great unnecess>y exp5se7 & t ! navigation to & f ! t[n %\ld /ill be pres]v$ by locks connect+ ! old ) ! new *annel2 & also to make a new outfall = ! riv] f ,k9d]ly's ,cut to a place call$ ,crab ,hole1 9 ! ,great ,wa%1 :]e !re 0 ample dep? ( wat]4 ,he said t ! new outfall might be made p>tly )9 ! e/u>y & p>tly 9 ! m>%es )\t1 to ,skates ,corn]1 b t !n x w\ld nei!r be s direct nor s effectual z if made entirely )9 ! banks ( ! ,n5e e/u>y4 ,mr4 ,r5nie's report 0 approv$ (1 b ! necess>y means = c>ry+ x into effect 7 want+1 s ! matt] = ! "t lay dormant4 ,subsequ5tly ,mr4 ,tel=d & myself 7 appo9t$ ! eng9e]s1 & reconsid]$ ! :ole matt]4 ,f9d+ ! p ( ,wisbea* 7 viol5tly oppos$ to ! ma9 *annel pass+ by _! t[n1 we 7 oblig$ to give up ?is "p1 z well z ! upp] portion ( ! *annel to ,pet]bor\gh1 & conf9e ourselves to ! improvem5t ( ! outfall bel[ ,wisbea*1 & to comm5ce ! new outfall ne> ! l[] end ( ,k9d]ly's ,cut4 ,i /rongly advocat$ my fa!r's plan ( mak+ ! new outfall direct to ,crab ,hole1 )9 ! old banks1 b z ! fir/ exp5se w\ld h be5 a little m1 al?\gh f> less 9 ! end1 z has be5 prov$1 x 0 resolv$ to make ! new outfall to ,skates ,corn]1 p>tly )91 p>tly )\t ! old banks4 ,an ,act ( ,p>liam5t 0 accord+ly obta9$1 & ,messrs4 ,jolliffe & ,banks became ! contractors4 ,! works comm5c$1 & ! outfall 0 op5$ 9 #ahca4 ,:il/ x 0 9 progress ,mr4 ,tel=d & myself frequ5tly visit$ ! works toge!r1 & 9 ,june we w5t d[n ! old e/u>y ( ! ,n5e 9 a boat at l[ wat]1 = ! purpose ( exam9+ m m9utely ! /ate ( ! *annels ne> ,crab ,hole & ,skates1 :]e we propos$ t ! new outfall %\ld ent] ! e/u>y4 ,x 0 a v /ormy day1 accompani$ by lightn+1 ?und]1 ra91 & a /rong s\?-we/ w9d4 ,we got z f> z ,crab ,hole at l[ wat]1 :5 ! wea!r beat u completely1 & we 7 oblig$ to walk ov] ! muddy %ore half-way up to our knees1 & dr5*$ to ! sk94 ,we _h s5t "s refre%m5t to an old h\se1 call$ ,k+ ,john's ,h\se1 ne> ! bank1 said to h be5 erect$ dur+ 8 reign1 & to h af=d$ ,8 ,maje/y %elt] aft] 8 retreat f ,lynn4 ,! ra9 n[ came d[n heavi] ?an ev]1 s t we _h no alt]native b to retrace our /eps back to ! dirty old 8public0 at ! ,f]ry1 call$ ,cross ,keys1 ab\t #c miles di/ant4 ,we got back1 ?or\ghly soak$1 ab\t ?ree 9 ! aft]noon4 ,i imm$iately /ripp$ & w5t to b$4 ,old ,tel=d1 be+ a /rong1 he>ty man1 ( ab\t sev5ty1 in/ead ( foll[+ my example1 ord]$ a l>ge fire to be made 9 ! only sitt+-room !re 01 call$ = ! newspap]1 & sat himself d[n to dry4 ,aft] two h\rs' nap ,i 0 ?or\ghly refre%$1 & w5t d[n to ! sitt+-room4 ,:5 ,i ent]$ !re 0 su* a /eam t ,i c\ld h>dly see any?+2 b1 approa*+ ! fire1 f\nd ,tel=d _h ne>ly dri$ himself1 & he abus$ me ?or\ghly = be+ s effem9ate z to g to b$4 ,he suff]$1 h[ev]1 sev]ely aft]w>ds = 8 imprud5ce2 = he 0 tak5 ) a viol5t di>rha at ,cambridge on 8 return1 & 0 conf9$ !re = a =tnight1 & escap$ ) difficulty ) 8 life2 b ! di>rha haunt$ him m or less ev] aft]1 until 8 dea?4 ,he 0 a mo/ agreeable1 faceti\s companion1 & ,i pass$ _m happy days ) him4 ,previ\s to ! div]sion ( ! old *annel ?r\gh ! new outfall1 ,mr4 ,tel=d & myself ord]$ ! contractors to assemble z _m m51 horses1 c>ts1 & mat]ials z possible1 9 ord] t ! old *annel %\ld be /opp$ up dur+ ! neap tides4 ,:5 ev]y?+ 0 ready we w5t d[n & met ! contractors1 ,messrs4 ,jolliffe & ,banks1 & imm$iately gave !m ord]s to comm5ce fill+ up ! old *annel2 !y _h ab\t ?irte5 hundr$ m51 & horses1 c>ts1 & mat]ials1 & appliances ( all k9ds1 & set to "w 9 "r good e>ne/4 ,! ,corporation ( ,wisbea*1 :o _h always oppos$ ! measure1 al?\gh !y 7 compell$ by ! ,act to contribute #cj1jjjl4 t[>ds x1 :i* 0 p]haps ! cause1 (f]$ e ob/ruction 9 _! p[]1 & said t ! new outfall 0 n excavat$ deep en\gh accord+ to ! ,act1 & came d[n 9 _! b>ge ) _! law (fic]s1 giv+ u (ficial writt5 notices to /op all proce$+s4 ,at ?is critical mom5t ! contractors 7 r tak5 aback2 ,mr4 ,tel=d & ,i1 h[ev]1 no?+ daunt$1 ord]$ ! m5 to proce$ /opp+ ! *annel1 & to take no notice ( ! ,corporation4 ,we fur!r told !m1 t if !y did n g away1 _! b>ge & all 9 x w\ld be swamp$1 & t ! responsibility w\ld re/ entirely ) !m4 ,see+ t we 7 9 e>ne/ !y turn$ tail1 &1 leav+ _! prote/1 return$ to ,wisbea*4 ,! ?ird day aft]w>ds ! old *annel 0 completely clos$1 & ! ,n5e div]t$ to its new outfall4 ,x %\ld be obs]v$ "h1 t ,mr4 ,tel=d & myself1 calculat+ ^u ! loose nature ( ! soil1 :i* 0 silt1 & :i* we felt confid5t w\ld sc\r :5 fairly act$ ^u by ! curr5t1 only made ! contract = ! excavation to ! level ( l[ wat] ( spr+ tides2 & !re=e x w\ld h wa/$ money to h excavat$ t :i* we knew ! curr5t w\ld d = no?+4 ,! curr5t at fir/ appe>$ to h v little effect2 & ! ,duke ( ,b$=d's manag]1 ! late excell5t & tal5t$ ,ty*o ,w+1 a s*oolfell[ ( m9e at ,dr4 ,burney's1 became mu* al>m$1 & 0 sadly afraid t ! outfall w\ld be a failure4 ,tel=d & ,i knew bett]1 & assur$ him t our only d\bt 0 :e!r ! curr5t w\ld n be too /rong1 & r5d] x necess>y to protect ! sides ) /one4 ,?is we consid]$ to be no disadvantage--on ! contr>y a great b5efit2 = mak+ ! cut small 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 we %\ld always be able to regulate ! sc\r :5ev] x might h a t5d5cy to enl>ge ! cut beyond ! size necess>y to dis*>ge ! dra9age wat] effectually1 at ! same "t pres]v+ a suffici5t dep? = navigation2 b if x _h be5 too l>ge 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 x c\ld n h be5 prop]ly adju/$ aft]w>ds4 ,mr4 ,w+ 0 com=t$ by our assurances2 /ill he _h 8 d\bts1 & two mon?s elaps$ be=e any s5sible sc\r appe>$ to take place4 ,! fact 01 ! fall 9 ! bottom 0 s little1 t ! curr5t _h to remove ! ob/acles to its progress1 :i* x c\ld only d by degrees1 :5 x _h accumulat$ suffici5t fall or head2 hav+ done ?is1 its progress 0 mo/ rapid1 & increas$ daily1 s t )9 six mon?s aft] x _h be5 op5$ x _h sc\r$ out ! bottom to #i feet bel[ l[ wat] ( spr+ tides2 ! sides also _h be5 regul>ly sc\r$ away1 & ! area ( ! cut 0 increas$ to ?ree times its orig9al size4 ,spr+ tides1 :i* _h sc>cely exce$$ a few feet at ,wisbea*1 & n mu* m at ,cross ,keys1 rose rem>kably at bo? places1 s t vessels ( consid]able tonnage c\ld rea* ,wisbea* ev5 at neaps1 :]eas be=e !y c\ld only get up !re at spr+ tides4 ,! trade ( ! port increas$ s rapidly1 t !y 7 soon enabl$ to pay (f ! #cj1jjjl4 :i* !y _h be5 previ\sly oblig$ to borr[ to contribute to ! co/ ( ! outfall4 ,! outfall by ! sc\r _h n[ atta9$ its prop] dim5sions1 & we recomm5d$ t ! banks %\ld be pav$ ) /one1 9 ord] to prev5t !m f be+ enl>g$1 :i* 0 accord+ly done4 ,! outfall w5t on improv+ until ! ye> #ahcg1 :5 ,i exam9$ x1 & f\nd t ! l[-wat] m>k _h fall5 #aj feet #c in*es at ,cross ,keys ,bridge1 t !re 0 a rise ( tide ( #bj feet at spr+s1 & dep? ( #i feet at l[ wat]1 & a rise proportionate at ,wisbea* at bo? spr+s & neaps2 s t vessels draw+ #af feet c\ld g up to ! t[n at spr+s1 & #ab feet at neaps1 & ! :ole ( ! surr\nd+ l[l& c\ntry 0 completely dra9$ & ! prop]ty ne>ly d\bl$ 9 value4 ,mr4 ,john ,"y 0 appo9t$ eng9e] "u me = pav+ ! new outfall ) /one1 & aft]w>ds ent]$ bus9ess ^u 8 own acc\nt z m]*ant & %ip[n] at ,wisbea*2 & by 8 tal5ts1 en]gy1 & indu/ry has s9ce realiz$ an ample =tune1 has be5 elect$ mayor sev]al times1 & has become memb] = ! c\nty ( ,cambridge4 ,x _h long be5 a fav\rite idea ) ! late ,"l ,william ,b5t9ck & 8 fri5d ,mr4 ,?omas ,hoseason1 ( ,bankl&s1 to make a bridge across ! ,n5e e/u>y1 at ,cross ,keys1 9 ord] to %ort5 ! di/ance betwe5 ! s\? ( ,l9coln%ire & ,norfolk4 ,! bridge ov] ! l[] end ( ! ,eau ,br9k _h be5 complet$1 & ano!r _h be5 made at ! ,fossdyke ,wa% by my fa!r1 = ! ,well&2 s t x 0 only necess>y to make ano!r across ! ,n5e e/u>y1 at ,cross ,keys1 to complete ?is desirable l9e ( communication4 ,a company 0 accord+ly =m$ = ?is purpose1 ( :i* ,"l ,william ,b5t9ck 0 ! head4 ,an ,act 0 obta9$ at ! same "t z ! ,n5e ,outfall ,act1 & ,i 0 appo9t$ ! eng9e]4 ,! ,n5e ,outfall ,commission]s obta9$ a clause 9 ! ,bridge ,act compell+ ! ,company to build ! bridge ov] ! ,n5e ,outfall ,cut at ! same "t2 ?is ,i told !m 0 v unwise1 = z ! bridge 0 to be built ( wood1 ) a drawbridge op5+ 9 ! c5tre to all[ vessels to pass1 x w\ld be impossible to drive ! great piles =m+ ! pi]s ( ! bridge suffici5tly deep to be bel[ ! sc\r 9 ! outfall2 ! bett] plan w\ld be to wait until ! outfall _h be5 sc\r$ to its full dep?1 & !n build ! bridge4 ,my op9ion 0 ov]rul$2 ! bridge 0 built2 & x 0 impossible1 z ,i expect$1 to drive ! piles to ! requisite dep?4 ,:]e ! full effect ( ! sc\r _h tak5 place x 0 f\nd necess>y to secure ! piles ( ! bridge by ?r[+ a great mass ( /one r\nd !m4 ,?is mat]ially ob/ruct$ ! curr5t ?r\gh ! bridge1 until at l5g? !re 0 a fall ?r\gh x ( f two to ?ree feet1 :i* greatly injur$ ! dra9age1 s t ! ,n5e ,outfall ,commission]s ultimately got an ,act to make a new bridge = ! ,company at ! ,commission]s' exp5se4 ,all ?is might h be5 avoid$ if ! bridge _h be5 built z ,i orig9ally recomm5d$4 ,! spot :]e ?is bridge & l9e ( embankm5t is made is ! same place :]e ,k+ ,john's army 0 lo/1 & :]e my fa!r 0 ne>ly dr[n$ "s ye>s be=e1 cross+ 9 8 c>riage1 be+ ov]tak5 by ! tide4 ,six ?\s& acres ( ?is ,wa% h be5 reclaim$ f ! sea by myself2 & :]e once ! tides us$ to ebb & fl[1 are n[ fields "u culture produc+ ! f9e/ crops4 ,not)/&+ all ! attempts to improve ! riv] ,n5e above ,wisbea*1 no?+ _h be5 done1 & ,i 0 aga9 reque/$ by ! ,duke ( ,b$=d's advis]s to exam9e ! subject & make a compreh5sive plan by means ( :i* ,:ittlesea ,m]e & all ! l[ f5ny c\ntry ar\nd x might be dra9$1 to ! ext5t ( #ee1jjj acres1 x be+ !n little bett] ?an a m>%4 ,i accord+ly survey$ & levell$ ! :ole c\ntry1 & made my report 9 #ahcg4 ,i %[$ t by improv+ ! ,n5e f ,pet]bor\gh to ! outfall1 & mak+ a ma9 dra9 to ,:ittlesea ,m]e to connect x ) ! ,n5e1 & by mak+ a cat*wat] dra9 r\nd ! base ( ! surr\nd+ hills1 s z to dis*>ge ! highl& wat] into ! ,n5e at ,pet]bor\gh & ! ,ouse at ,h]mitage ,sluice1 ! :ole c\ntry w\ld be ?or\ghly well dra9$1 ! navigation w\ld be greatly improv$1 & !re w\ld be an ample supply ( fre% wat] at mod]ate co/4 ,?is plan 0 approv$ ( by ! late ,mr4 ,rob]t ,/eph5son1 b 0 n adopt$4 ,! ,middle ,level ,corporation1 9 ^: di/rict 0 ! greate/ "p ( ! l[l&s to be dra9$1 w\ld n li/5 to x1 b insi/$ on dra9+ !m by ! ,ouse1 #aj miles f>!r di/ant4 ,?is measure 0 c>ri$ out at d\ble ! co/ ( my plan1 & a m9or plan sub/itut$ = ! improvem5t ( ! ,n5e1 :i* is said to h co/ a great deal m ?an any b5efits d]iv$ f x1 al?\gh ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut _h l[]$ ! l[-wat] m>k on ! ,ouse ne>ly #f feet4 ,/ill ! s&s bel[ ,lynn1 at ! m\? ( ! ,ouse1 accumulat$ to su* an ext5t1 t ! navigation up to t t[n 0 s s]i\sly ob/ruct$ t mod]ate-siz$ vessels c\ld only come up to ! t[n at spr+ tides1 & !y frequ5tly got a%ore ^u ! num]\s %oals1 lo/ _! tide1 & 7 deta9$ = days toge!r1 besides suff]+ consid]able injury4 ,! dra9age int]e/s1 moreov]1 compla9$ t ! wat] 9 ! ,ouse did n fall l[ en\gh to enable ! middle & s\? level l&s to be prop]ly dra9$4 ,9 fact1 ! good effects produc$ by ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut 7 decreas+1 9 consequ5ce ( ! wat]s n be+ able to get (f bel[ ,lynn1 s t !y 7 held up to ! ext5t ( #b feet at ! l[] end ( ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut1 ?us r$uc+ ! orig9al fall ga9$ by t cut f #g feet to #e1 :il/ ! fall ga9$ by ! ,n5e ,outfall _h be5 fully #aj feet #f in*es to #aa feet1 be+ a diff]5ce ( #f feet 9 fav\r ( ! ,n5e4 ,a committee1 consi/+ ( ,"l ,w4 ,b5t9ck1 ,sir ,william ,f\lkes1 & o!rs1 lead+ proprietors & p>ties int]e/$1 reque/$ me to exam9e into ! :ole subject & report z to :at 0 be/ to be done4 ,i accord+ly employ$ ne>ly twelve mon?s 9 survey+ & levell+ ! ,great ,wa% & ! m\?s ( ! ,ouse1 ,n5e1 ,well&1 & ,)am1 :i* are ! pr9cipal riv]s dis*>g+ _! wat]s into ! ,great ,wa%1 & :i* dra9 all ! adjac5t f5 l&s1 am\nt+ to ne>ly a million ( acres1 besides ! high l&s4 ,i f\nd t by improv+ all ! m\?s ( ^! riv]s an additional fall ( #g feet might be ga9$ = ! ,ouse1 #b feet = ! ,n5e1 & a simil> am\nt = ! ,well& & ! ,)am1 & recomm5d$ t all ^! riv]s %\ld be unit$ & made to dis*>ge _! wat]s into "o great ma9 *annel 9 ! c5tre ( ! ,great ,wa%1 & t ! ma9 & m9or *annels %\ld be prop]ly embank$4 ,by ?is means n only w\ld all ^! riv]s be mu* improv$1 & ! dra9age & navigation r5d]$ z p]fect z !y c\ld be made1 b1 9 addition to ?is1 f #aej1jjj to #bjj1jjj acres ( l& w\ld be ga9$ f ! ,wa%1 or1 9 o!r words1 a new c\nty1 ( mo/ valuable l&1 w\ld be add$ to ! k+dom4 ,?is project 0 s va/ & important t x took ! _w by surprise4 ,x 0 impossible to d5y ! s\ndness ( ! pr9ciples or data ^u :i* x 0 f\nd$1 or ! va/ importance ( x 9 a national po9t ( view1 if means c\ld be f\nd to c>ry x into effect2 b "h 0 "o ( ! great difficulties1 & ano!r /ill great] pres5t$ itself1 namely t ( unit+ toge!r ! va/ numb] ( conflict+ int]e/s conc]n$1 s t !y might comb9e toge!r z "o :ole body = ! completion ( ! und]tak+4 ,aft] ! plan _h be5 publi%$ & promulgat$ = "s "t1 all sorts ( objections 7 rais$ & attacks made ^u x4 ,i repli$ coolly & /eadily to !m all1 & ! m x 0 inve/igat$1 ! m ! _w became conv9c$ ( its practicability4 ,/ill x 0 impossible to comb9e ! v>i\s conflict+ int]e/s1 & equally difficult to =m a company = su* a va/ & novel und]tak+4 ,! public naturally said1 if ! dra9age & navigation int]e/s & ! l&$ proprietors1 :o 7 s mu* int]e/$1 did n see _! way1 h[ c\ld x be expect$ t a company %\ld8 ,?us ! affair1 al?\gh frequ5tly agitat$1 lay 9 abeyance = sev]al ye>s4 ,its *ief support]s1 ,"l ,william ,b5t9ck & ,mr4 ,hoseason1 hav+ gone to ,india1 !re rema9$ none ( suffici5t en]gy & influ5ce to pu% x =w>d4 ,at l5g? ! late tal5t$ & indefatigable ,"l ,george ,b5t9ck became memb] = ,lynn1 9 succession to 8 uncle1 ,"l ,william1 :5 he became ,gov]nor-,g5]al ( ,india4 ,"l ,george 0 unanim\sly *os5 *airman1 & exam9$ mo/ m9utely1 ) 8 usual sagacity1 e detail ( ! measure1 & 0 p]fectly satisfi$ ( its practicability & value1 b ?\ght t x 0 too great to be und]tak5 z a :ole1 & t x w\ld be bett] to divide x into two p>ts1 "o compris+ ! ,ouse & ,n5e1 ! o!r ! ,well& & ,)am4 ,i mu/ n omit to m5tion t ! late ,pr9ce ,consort 0 mu* pleas$ ) ! plan1 & express$ 8 approbation to me ( x4 ,x 0 accord+ly decid$ to =m a company = ! ,norfolk half1 includ+ ! ,ouse & ,n5e1 & to reclaim #ce1jjj acres ( l& f ! ,great ,wa%2 & at ! end ( #ahde ! requisite plans 7 prep>$ & notices giv5 = a ,bill to be appli$ = 9 ! ensu+ session1 "u ! title ( ! ,norfolk ,e/u>y ,act4 ,! ,company orig9ally calculat$ t ! l& ga9$ f ! e/u>y w\ld h indemnifi$ !m = mak+ ! new cut = ! ,ouse2 & s x w\ld1 if !y _h be5 all[$ all ! l& bel[ high-wat] m>k1 )\t hav+ any o!r burd5s entail$ ^u !m4 ,b un=tunately ?is 0 n ! case2 !y 7 saddl$ ) ! ma9t5ance ( ! ,great ,cut1 al?\gh1 /rictly speak+1 x ought to h be5 ma9ta9$ by ! navigation & ! dra9age int]e/s1 :i* alone d]iv$ ! b5efit f x4 ,! l& frontag]s claim$ all ! l&1 or gre5 m>%1 to be embank$ at ! exp5se ( ! ,company1 :o 7 only to receive a c]ta9 portion ( its improv$ value2 ! ,ouse bank own]s 7 to be indemnifi$ to "s ext5t also4 ,! ,cr[n 0 to h a commission ( five p] c5t4 ^u ! exp5diture2 & ! ,*ur* 0 to h a c]ta9 portion1 or ti!1 ^u ! l& ga9$3 inde$1 s _m re/rictions 7 plac$ on ! ,company t _! calculat$ pr(its 7 mat]ially r$uc$2 nev]!less1 z a numb] ( ! %>ehold]s 7 o!rwise greatly int]e/$ 9 ! improvem5t ( ! dra9age1 frontage1 c41 !y calculat$ t if ! %>es 7 wor? no?+1 !y w\ld /ill be ! ga9]s4 ,i prote/$ z mu* z ,i c\ld1 )\t avail1 aga9/ all ^! re/rictions1 & ,i d\bt$ mu* :e!r ! ,act c\ld or w\ld be c>ri$ into effect ) any b5efit to ^? %>ehold]s :o simply look$ to _! pr(it f ! %>es4 ,x turn$ out z ,i expect$4 ,! ,act pass$ dur+ ! session ( #ahdf4 ,/ill !re 0 no prospect ( ! ,norfolk ,e/u>y ,act be+ c>ri$ into effect1 on acc\nt ( ! re/rictions above m5tion$2 & ! ,company wisely det]m9$ n to proce$ unless ! dra9age & navigation int]e/s1 :i* 7 s mat]ially conc]n$1 came =w>d ) a h&some contribution t[>ds x4 ,! ,middle ,level proprietors _h obta9$ a ,bill1 9 ! ye> #ahdf1 = ! improvem5t ( _! dra9age1 :i* 0 mu* oppos$1 & 9 :i* ,i took a lead+ "p4 ,h[ev]1 !y c>ri$ _! ,bill1 & ! works 7 design$ & comm5c$ "u ,mr4 ,james ,walk]2 b !y soon f\nd t ! "w w\ld be comp>atively valueless4 ,! ,norfolk ,e/u>y ,act _h n[ be5 c>ri$1 & !y !re=e ent]$ into negotiations ) ! ,norfolk ,e/u>y ,company1 & ^! negotiations f9ally end$ 9 ! ,middle ,level ,commission]s & ! ,lynn ,corporation1 :o repres5t$ ! dra9age & navigation int]e/s1 agree+ to contribute ea* ! sum ( #fj1jjjl4 t[>ds ! completion ( ! new *annel = ! ,ouse1 contemplat$ by ! ,norfolk ,e/u>y ,company1 ^u condition t ! late ,mr4 ,rob]t ,/eph5son %\ld be jo9t eng9e] to ! ,norfolk ,e/u>y ,company ) myself1 to :i*1 ( c\rse1 ,i _h no objection2 & x 0 agre$ t an ,act ( ,p>liam5t %\ld be obta9$ 9 ord] to ratify ?is agreem5t1 :i* pass$ 9 ! ye> #ahej4 ,at t "t a =m] ,act r5d]$ x necess>y t be=e any improvem5t 0 made 9 any port or h>b\r1 a ,commission %\ld be appo9t$ by ! ,admiralty to inve/igate ! plan1 ! ,commission to hold its inquiry 9 public2 ,capta9 ,wa%+ton & ,capta9 ,veit* 7 appo9t$ by ! ,admiralty = ?is purpose4 ,!y held _! c\rt at ! t[nhall1 ,lynn1 &1 s+ul> to relate1 ! gallant g5tlem5 advocat$ a curv$ in/ead ( a /raight *annel1 :i*1 "u ! circum/ances1 0 s contr>y to ! practice ( e good hydraulic eng9e]1 t _! report 0 simply ridicul\s1 & :5 produc$ by ! ,admiralty be=e ! ,committee ( ! ,h\se ( ,commons on ! ,bill1 0 prov$ by ! be/ eng9e]s to be wrong1 & 0 !re=e ignor$ by ! ,committee1 & ! plan propos$ by ,mr4 ,/eph5son & myself 0 unanim\sly adopt$4 ,! ,bill accord+ly pass$1 & ! agreem5t betwe5 ! ,middle ,level ,commission]s1 ! ,corporation ( ,lynn1 & ! ,company1 ! two =m] contribut+ #fj1jjjl4 ea*1 0 ratifi$2 /ill !re 7 sev]al re/rictive clauses1 su* z entail+ ! ma9t5ance ( ! works ^u ! ,company1 giv+ up ! :ole ( ! gre5 m>% to ! sev]al frontages1 :i* mat]ially abridg$ ! pr(its ( ! ,company1 & increas$ _! risks1 & :i* ,i 9 va9 prote/$ aga9/4 ,! ma9 cut comm5c$ on ! l[] side ( ,lynn1 & 0 cont9u$ 9 a /raight l9e #b miles4 ,we calculat$ t c]ta9 dim5sions 7 ample 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 because x 0 n necess>y to excavate ! cut artificially to ! full dep?1 z we knew t z soon z ! curr5t began to act ^u x1 x w\ld 9 a %ort "t be adju/$ to its prop] capacity = ! admission & dis*>ge ( ! tidal wat]s1 9 ! same mann] z _h tak5 place 9 ! ,n5e e/u>y outfall already m5tion$4 ,f ! l[] end ( ! above cut ! *annel = a di/ance ( two miles f>!r to deep wat] 0 to be tra9$ ?r\gh ! s&s1 =m$ by guide walls ( r\gh /one rais$ to ab\t ! level ( half tide1 ) beacons ^u x at c]ta9 di/ances to indicate ! *annel2 & :5 once ! *annel _h be5 ?us tra9$1 ! rema9d] ( ! banks to _! full height above high wat] w\ld be rais$ naturally by ! silt+ up on ea* side1 comb9$ ) ! gradual process ( embank+ ! l& f ea* ( ! %ores ( ! e/u>y1 if prop]ly manag$4 ,messrs4 ,peto und]took ! contract ( ! ma9 cut4 ,! l& hav+ be5 b\ght1 & ev]y?+ arrang$1 a day 0 fix$ = turn+ ! fir/ sod1 at ! upp] end ne> ,lynn4 ,! c]emony 0 p]=m$ by ! late wor?y ,sir ,william ,f\lkes1 ! *airman ( ! ,company1 on ! #a/ ( ,novemb]1 #ahej4 ,on t day a gr& procession1 consi/+ ( ! ,company1 ! ,corporation & trades ( ,lynn1 ! ,e>l ( ,leice/]1 ,"l ,lieut5ant1 toge!r ) num]\s g5try1 & o!r spectators1 att5d$ ! c]emony1 :i* w5t (f ) great clat1 & ! :ole1 z usual1 t]m9at$ ) a gr& d9n] to ab\t two hundr$ p]sons at ! t[nhall4 ,un=tunately my fri5d ,mr4 ,/eph5son 0 abroad & c\ld n att5d4 ,! excavation ( ! great cut proce$$ rapidly = "s "t1 until ,mr4 ,/eph5son & myself1 judg+ t en\gh _h be5 done1 & t ! curr5t w\ld d ! re/ m effectually1 ord]$ ! dams to be remov$ at bo? ends & ! wat] admitt$1 :i* 0 accord+ly done4 ,z soon z ! f5 proprietors he>d ( ?is1 !y 7 greatly al>m$2 !y said t ! ,company _h violat$ _! agreem5t ) !m1 & _h gone contr>y to ! ,act ( ,p>liam5t1 9 n excavat+ ! cut to ! full dep? requir$ be=e lett+ ! wat] 94 ,we endeav\r$ 9 va9 to p]suade !m to ! contr>y4 ,!y imm$iately appli$ = a m&amus to /op ! works & re/ore ! dams until ! cut _h be5 excavat$ to ! full dim5sions requir$ by ! ,act1 & obta9$ an injunction1 s t we 7 compell$ to re/ore ! dams & /op out ! wat]4 ,we det]m9$1 h[ev]1 n to give up ! po9t1 & argu$ ! "q be=e ,vice-,*ancellor ,turn]1 & 7 beat54 ,we !n appli$ to ! ,admiralty1 :o w\ld n assi/4 ,we appeal$ f ! ,vice-,*ancellor's decision to ! ,lords ,ju/ices ( ,appeal1 & 7 aga9 beat52 /ill we w\ld n give up1 & at la/ we f\nd t !re 0 no alt]native b to get a new ,act ( ,p>liam5t all[+ u to make ! cut 9 any mann] we pleas$1 provid$ t we made x ( ! dim5sions orig9ally agre$ ^u4 ,! ,eau ,br9k ,commission]s oppos$ u by e means 9 _! p[]1 b our evid5ce1 :i* 0 giv5 by ! fir/ eng9e]s ( ! day1 s completely satisfi$ ,p>liam5t t we c>ri$ our new ,bill z we wi%$ x4 ,?us1 aft] a sev]e /ruggle = two ye>s1 we c>ri$ our po9t2 b ?is 0 s mu* valuable "t lo/1 besides a great deal ( money sp5t 9 litigation4 ,hav+ obta9$ our new ,act1 we set to "w imm$iately to remove ! dams ( ! cut1 & to let ! wat] 91 & at ! same "t to comm5ce ! dam = /opp+ up ! old *annel ( ! ,ouse at ! l[] end ( ! t[n ( ,lynn1 ne> ! upp] end ( ! new cut4 ,z ! dams & bottom ( ! riv] ne> !m 7 compos$ ( /rong clay1 x took "s "t to remove !m s z to admit ! wat]s freely into ! cut2 b z soon z ?is 0 done1 ! sc\r began to h a s5sible effect2 ?is 0 increas$ by ! clos+ ( ! dam across ! old *annel1 s t )9 a few mon?s aft]w>ds n only _h ! new cut be5 sc\r$ out to ! full dep? requir$ by ! old ,act1 b consid]ably beyond x4 ,?us ,/eph5son & myself 7 prov$ 9 ! "r1 & ! opposition entirely 9 ! wrong4 ,! effect on ! port ( ,lynn 0 v rem>kable4 ,! dep? ( wat] at spr+ tides 0 #ah to #bj feet1 & neaps #ad to #af feet2 & !re 0 a regul> dep? at l[ wat] ( spr+ tides ( #i to #ab feet 9 ! cut1 s t ! l>ge/ vessels c\ld always come up & dep>t ) _! full c>goes ei!r at spr+ or neap tides1 & ! *annel 0 s direct & easy ( navigation1 t pilots1 ( :om !re 0 a l>ge e/abli%m5t1 became 9 a great measure unnecess>y1 & _! numb]s 7 consid]ably r$uc$ z well z _! *>ges1 & ! increase ( trade soon enabl$ ! t[n ( ,lynn to pay (f ! #fj1jjjl4 contribution to ! e/u>y works4 ,! dra9age int]e/s also d]iv$ a simil> b5efit by ! l[]+ ( ! l[-wat] m>k #f feet1 :i*1 toge!r ) t obta9$ by ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut1 0 altoge!r #aa feet4 ,! ,middle ,level ,dra9age1 ^u :i* a l>ge sum _h be5 exp5d$1 obta9$ an increas$ fall ( betwe5 #c & #d feet1 :i* enabl$ ! ,commission]s to dra9 ! greate/ portion ( _! l&s naturally in/ead ( artificially4 ,9 fact1 ! ,port ( ,lynn by means ( ^! works has become "o ( ! be/ on ! ea/ coa/ ( ,engl&1 at ! lea/ exp5se1 & ) ! mo/ mod]ate dues2 inde$1 if ! ,dra9age & ,navigation _h paid d\ble ! money :i* !y did to ?is great "w1 & :i* 9 ju/ice !y ought to h done = ! b5efits x has conf]r$ ^u !m1 !y w\ld h be5 m ?an amply indemnifi$4 ,! ,e/u>y ,company hav+ n[ complet$ ! cut1 turn$ _! att5tion to ! be/ means ( reclaim+ f ! ,wa% ! #ce1jjj acres :i* _h be5 allott$ to !m by ! ,cr[n1 or at lea/ z mu* ( x z !y c\ld2 b un=tunately !re 7 s _m diff]5t op9ions among !m & _! advis]s1 t !y lo/ a great deal ( "t & money 9 pursu+ improp] measures4 ,i1 :o orig9ally design$ ! und]tak+1 & _h acquir$ great exp]i5ce 9 ?is dep>tm5t f hav+ c>ri$ on successfully simil> works 9 ! ,great ,wa% & else:]e1 always adh]$ to "o sy/em1 namely1 to "w ) nature1 & nev] to g aga9/ h]2 if we did1 ,i inv>iably f\nd t we 7 beat54 ,we knew1 f a v>iety ( exp]im5ts t _h be5 made1 t ! alluvial matt] held 9 susp5sion by ! wat]s 9 ! ,great ,wa% 0 an asc]ta9able quantity2 t ?is alluvial matt] 0 transf]r$ f "o place to ano!r1 accord+ to ! prevail+ w9ds & curr5ts2 & t x 0 only deposit$ :]e circum/ances 7 fav\rable1 su* z eddies & %elt]$ /agnant places4 ,n[ my great object 7aft] hav+ conf9$ ! fre% & tidal wat]s ( ! riv] ,ouse to "o adequate *annel1 s z to pres]ve ! dra9age & navigation 9 an effici5t /ate7 0 to cause to be deposit$ ! alluvial matt] t 0 held 9 susp5sion 9 ! wat]s spread+ ov] ! o!r p>ts ( ! e/u>y4 ,?is c\ld only be done effectually by arre/+ ! progress ( ! fl[+ & ebb+ wat]s 9 su* a mann]1 t z mu* ( ! alluvial matt] z possible might be deposit$ 9 ! places mo/ conv5i5t1 t is1 9 ^? places :]e x 0 desir$ to raise ! soil above ! level ( high wat] ( neap tides4 ,:5 ?is level is rea*$ grass may be expect$ to gr[1 & 9 a v %ort "t ! :ole is conv]t$ into a gre5 m>%4 ,! process simply ?is3 :5 ! deposit has rea*$ a c]ta9 numb] ( feet above l[ wat] ( spr+ tides1 a species ( light gre5 vegetation fir/ cov]s ! surface 9 pat*es1 !n by degrees ext5ds ov] ! :ole2 ! reclaim$ l& /ill cont9ues ris+1 & at a high] level above l[ wat] samphire makes its appe>ance2 ! accumulation ( soil /ill goes on increas+1 :5 ! samphire disappe>s1 & grass succe$s x1 & 9 a %ort "t aft]w>ds ! place assumes ! appe>ance ( a level gre5 m>% well adapt$ = graz+ cattle4 ,aft] x has arriv$ at ?is /age1 :i* x does at ab\t ! level ( high wat] ( neap tides1 ! accumulation is v sl[2 on our coa/s x seldom atta9s a mu* high] elevation1 except :]e ! s& is bl[n up by /rong w9ds f ! sea1 :i* =ms dunes or banks1 t1 z 9 ! case ( ,holl& & o!r places1 sometimes atta9 an elevation ( #cj feet & upw>ds above ! level ( ! highe/ tides4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n ! case ar\nd ! %ores ( ! ,great ,wa%2 !re ! m>%es are simply produc$ by ! gradual deposit ( alluvial matt] 9 ! mann] above /at$4 ,! great object1 !re=e1 z ,i h said1 is to facilitate ?is deposit or accretion z mu* z possible by artificial means4 ,nature1 if left to h]self1 ?\gh sure1 is v sl[4 ,we mu/ !re=e assi/ nature1 by foll[+ & work+ 9 unison ) h] laws4 ,we mu/ g to "w gradually1 & n by great & exp5sive op]ations *eck ! curr5ts viol5tly & at once1 :i* w\ld only produce an equally /rong curr5t else:]e1 s t :ile we ga9$ 9 "o place we %\ld lose 9 ano!r4 ,by a s]ies ( light works compos$ ( bu%y fagots or o!r simil> mat]ials1 rais$ ab\t #ab or #ae in*es above ! level ( ! s&s1 & dispos$ 9 a s]ies ( l9es at c]ta9 di/ances f ea* o!r1 n cont9u\s1 b 9 l5g?s1 s t ! ends may ov]lap ea* o!r1 ! curr5ts w be g5tly *eck$ )\t be+ :olly ob/ruct$1 ! wat] betwe5 !m w be r5d]$ /agnant1 & ! alluvial matt] ) :i* x is *>g$ w be deposit$4 ,:5 ! deposit has rea*$ to ! top ( ^! works1 ! works !mselves %\ld be rais$ high] 9 ! same place1 or 9 an int]m$iate position1 z circum/ances %all r5d] advisable4 ,:]e a c]ta9 space is int5d$ to be rais$ or w>p$ up1 x is g5]ally bett] to comm5ce at ! upp] end & "w d[nw>ds2 ! works !mselves are less exp5sive1 ! height to be rais$ is less1 & ! wat] impell$ by ! mass ( ! tide beh9d br+s up a great] quantity ( alluvial matt]1 & 9 proportion z ! space above is w>p$ up x accumulates 9 a great] degree bel[4 ,9 c>ry+ on works ( ?is k9d1 :]ev] we f9d t !re is a t5d5cy to make a *annel1 & ) x a /rong curr5t1 x mu/ be *eck$ gradually f ! upp] end1 s t ! quantity ( wat] pass+ ?r\gh x may be decreas$1 & ?is *annel w soon fill up4 ,:5 a c]ta9 space has be5 naturally or artificially rais$ to ! level ( a f9e gre5 m>%1 provid$ t !re be a suffici5t quantity to pay ! exp5se1 x %\ld be embank$ entirely f ! sea4 ,z to ! exp5se incurr$ 9 embank+ x1 & ! value ( ! l& :5 embank$1 g5]ally speak+1 we %all seldom err if we take z a rule t ! l& %\ld be wor? d\ble ! co/ ( embank+4 ,:5 we h an e/u>y to deal ) f :i* we may expect to reclaim sev]al ?\s& acres ( l&1 x resolves itself into a s]i\s "q bo? ( "t & money z to ! be/ mode ( accompli%+ x4 ,"o object %\ld be z f> z practicable to r$uce ! ext5t ( ma9 or b>ri] banks1 & if ! situation be well adapt$ = ! purpose1 a b>ri] bank may be comm5c$ at ! l[] end1 & gradually pu%$ =w>d 9 proportion z ! space above x exhibits a t5d5cy to silt up2 9 comb9ation ) ?is ! m9or op]ations %\ld be c>ri$ on1 s t ! "o may assi/ ! o!r4 ,:5 a suffici5t quantity ( m>% above ! b>ri] bank has be5 =m$1 x may be embank$ f ! sea1 & by keep+ ! b>ri] bank always suffici5tly 9 advance ! int]ior banks w become less co/ly1 z !y w n be expos$ to ! ma9 =ce ( ! waves dur+ /orms2 o!rwise ea* sep>ate bank mu/ be made a b>ri] bank1 & ! :ole co/ w be mat]ially increas$4 ,! propriety ( adopt+ ei!r ! "o sy/em or ! o!r w greatly dep5d ^u ! peculi> local circum/ances4 ,) reg>d to ! quantity ( l&1 :5 fit = ! purpose1 to be embank$ or enclos$ at "o "t1 ?is also w1 l ! o!r1 dep5d ^u ! local circum/ances4 ,g5]ally speak+ x is saf] to conf9e ! op]ation to ab\t #djj or #ejj acres2 & ! prop] "t = clos+ ! embankm5t is dur+ neap tides1 :5 ! "w w be mu* facilitat$4 ,x is true t mu* great] quantities may be tak5 9 at "o "t1 accord+ to ! ,dut* sy/em1 b !n sev]al clos+ spaces mu/ be left op51 & ^! mu/ all be specially prep>$ = ! purpose by l9+ ! bottom & sides ) wick]-"w & fasc9es to prev5t ! sc\r1 & !n fill+ !m up ) clay1 /one1 fasc9es1 & e>?1 z ! case may require2 & if by *ance a brea* %\ld take place1 :i* occasionally occurs "u ! be/ ( managem5t1 ! int]nal space to be fill$ ) wat] is s great t ! viol5ce & /r5g? ( ! inp\r+ curr5t is increas$ 9 ! same proportion1 s t x c>ries all be=e x1 scoops out great *annels 9 ! int]ior space1 & damages ! l& by ! great quantity ( s& br\ght 91 & x becomes difficult to cle> ! int]nal space ( wat]4 ,& al?\gh by ?is plan a less quantity ( embankm5t is requir$1 nev]!less ! exp5se p] l9eal foot becomes great]2 b :]e ! l5g? ( ! embankm5t is small comp>$ to ! dep? ( ! l& to be enclos$1 ?is sy/em1 if prop]ly manag$1 may be adopt$ ) advantage4 ,! mo/ advisable plan mu/ be left a good deal to ! judgm5t & skill ( ! eng9e]-9-*ief tak+ advantage ( ! local circum/ances4 ,! above pr9ciples = w>p+ & enclos+ l& ,i recomm5d$ 9 sev]al reports to ! ,norfolk ,e/u>y ,company1 b !y 7 n adopt$ to ! ext5t ,i recomm5d$2 ! consequ5ce has be5 t sev]al ye>s' "t & a good deal ( money h be5 unnecess>ily exp5d$4 ,b ,i believe t !y h be5 f9ally conv9c$ t my sy/em 0 ! prop] "o1 & x has s9ce be5 adopt$ to "s ext5t1 ) consid]able success1 & ab\t #ajjj acres 79 #ahfg7 h be5 enclos$1 ! prop]ty ( ! ,company1 at ! co/ ( ab\t #ael4 p] acre1 ! l& be+ wor? #djl4 ,!y h1 moreov]1 enclos$ #fjj acres m = ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 ^u :i* !y w be paid "o-?ird ( its improv$ value4 ,z sev]al ?\s& acres 9 ! e/u>y belong+ to ! ,company are rapidly approa*+ t /ate :5 !y may be pr(itably embank$1 ,i confid5tly believe1 by prop] managem5t1 t ! %>ehold]s w ultimately recov] a good deal if n ! :ole ( _! capital1 & p]haps a good portion ( _! int]e/ also2 b ,i %all always cont5d t if my recomm5dations _h be5 foll[$ f ! beg9n+1 a great deal ( money w\ld h be5 sav$4 ,! ,company ought n to h submitt$ to ! re/rictions impos$ by ! ,acts4 ,! contribution f ! dra9age & navigation int]e/s ought to h be5 d\ble1 = :i* !y w\ld h be5 amply repaid1 & ! l& ga9$ w\ld h be5 f> great]1 s t ev5 by ?is "t x might h be5 a v pr(itable conc]n4 ,:il/ ! ,n5e ,outfall 0 9 progress1 ,i 0 employ$ by ! ,corporation ( ,bo/on to improve ! outfall ( ! riv] betwe5 ! ,gr& ,sluice at ! upp] end ( ! t[n1 & ,hobhole ne> ! m\? ( ! riv]1 a di/ance ( ne>ly f\r miles4 ,?is _h previ\sly be5 propos$ by my fa!r1 9 ! ye> #ahde1 to ! ,corporation ( ,bo/on1 previ\s to comm5c+ ! great dra9age ( ! ,ea/1 ,we/1 & ,wildm]e f5s bord]+ ^u ! ,)am betwe5 ,l9coln & ,bo/on1 am\nt+ to ab\t #abe1jjj acres ( l[l&1 :i* = ! mo/ "p 0 little bett] ?an a m>%4 ,x 0 "h he propos$ 8 gr& sy/em = ! dra9age ( l[l&s by means ( cat*wat] dra9s = ! wat]s f ! highl&s1 & ma9 & m9or dra9s = ! wat]s f ! l[l&s1 bo? sy/ems ( dra9s be+ di/9ct & sep>ate f ea* o!r1 & :i* he aft]w>ds mo/ successfully c>ri$ into effect4 ,9 ord] to obta9 ! requisite fall1 x 0 necess>y t ! outfalls ( ! two ma9 dra9s %\ld be c>ri$ into ! ,)am bel[ ! t[n ( ,bo/on2 b 9 ord] t ?is might be effectual1 x 0 also necess>y t ! ,)am %\ld be greatly improv$ betwe5 ,bo/on & ! m\? at ,hobhole2 & z ! navigation betwe5 ^! two po9ts 0 v defective1 he ?\ght t ! ,corporation %\ld be> ! exp5se1 z !y w\ld d]ive ! greate/ b5efit4 ,= ?is purpose my fa!r propos$ two plans3 "o 0 to improve ! old *annel1 p>tly by cutt+ (f ! b5ds & conf9+ & /raight5+ its c\rse1 & f ,hobhole mak+ a new cut to ,clayhole1 :]e !re 0 ample dep? ( wat] at all times ( tide2 & ! o!r plan 0 to make a direct cut )9 l& f ! l[] end ( ,bo/on to ,clayhole4 ,he propos$ also1 = ! dra9age1 to make an outfall = ! highl& wat] at ,maudfo/]1 j bel[ ! t[n ( ,bo/on1 z he said t by br++ ! highl& wat] !re1 x w\ld effectually s]ve to keep ! riv] op5 betwe5 t po9t & its m\? at ,hobhole1 & to make an outfall = ! l[l& wat]s at ! latt] place2 & he recomm5d$ ! dra9age int]e/s to contribute a c]ta9 portion ( ! exp5se t[>ds ! improvem5t4 ,! ,corporation ( ,bo/on decl9$ do+ any?+1 & ! dra9age 0 left to take c>e ( itself4 ,mr4 ,r5nie1 h[ev]1 =esaw t if ! ,)am 0 n improv$ by ei!r "o or ! o!r ( ! plans t he recomm5d$1 ! highl& wat] w\ld n be effectively dis*>g$ by ! sluice at ,maudfo/]1 & !re=e he made a communication betwe5 ! ,maudfo/] dra9 & ! ,hobhole dra9 at a place call$ ,c[bridge1 a few miles above ,bo/on1 :]e !re 0 a gauge1 s t :5ev] ! wat] 9 ,maudfo/] dra9 exce$$ ! gauge x pass$ into ! l[l& ma9 dra91 & f !nce into ! ,)am at ,hobhole4 ,:at ,mr4 ,r5nie =esaw came true2 ! ,)am1 n hav+ be5 improv$1 became worse1 & ! riv] 9 front ( ! ,maudfo/] ,sluice 0 silt$ up1 s t x c\ld n dis*>ge its wat]1 & !re=e ! :ole ( ! wat]1 highl& & l[l&1 0 oblig$ to g by ,hobhole1 :i* dra9 & sluice1 =esee+ :at w\ld take place1 he _h enl>g$ = ! purpose4 ,9 ! ye> #ahbg1 ! outfall ( ! ,)am betwe5 ,bo/on & ,hobhole _h become s mu* silt$ up t at high wat] ( neap tides !re 0 sc>cely wat] en\gh = fi%+ boats to come up to ! t[n dur+ ! summ] mon?s & dry seasons1 & at spr+ tides only sloops ( v small draught c\ld get up to ! t[n2 9 fact1 x might be said t at t "t ,bo/on z a seaport 0 lo/1 & ! trade & navigation ( ! port ru9$4 ,at ?is ! ,corporation became greatly al>m$1 & s5t = me4 ,i direct$ ! late ,mr4 ,francis ,giles to make a complete survey ( ! riv]1 :i* he did 9 8 usual able & correct mann]1 & no p]son c\ld d x bett]4 ,be+ provid$ ) ?is survey1 ,i made my report1 & saw cle>ly t !re 0 no rem$y b to c>ry into effect ei!r ! "o or ! o!r ( my fa!r's plans ( #ahje4 ,z ! ,corporation funds 7 v limit$1 ,i recomm5d$ ! plan = improv+ ! old *annel1 p>tly by cutt+ (f ! b5ds & conf9+ ! riv] z f> z ,hobhole1 & f !nce mak+ a new cut to ,clayhole1 z recomm5d$ by my fa!r4 ,!re 7 ?ree p>ties :o 7 to contribute t[>ds ! improvem5t ( ! outfall ( ! ,)am1 namely1 ! ,corporation ( ,bo/on1 & ! ,)am & ! ,black ,sluice ,commission]s4 ,! ,black ,sluice ,commission]s demurr$ to ! plan propos$ by me1 :i* 0 my fa!r's1 on ! gr\nd t ! cut ought to be made f ! ,black ,sluice inl& direct to ,hobhole1 o!rwise !y w\ld n d]ive ! advantages !y _h a "r to expect f _! contributions2 s ! :ole matt] 0 ref]r$ to ,mr4 ,tel=d1 :o said t no improvem5t 9 ! riv] bel[ ,bo/on w\ld be ( any use1 unless ! ,gr& ,sluice above ,bo/on 0 remov$1 s z to admit ! tide to fl[ f>!r up ! riv]4 ,n[1 al?\gh ,tel=d 0 to a c]ta9 ext5t "r1 b by no means :olly s1 because by c>ry+ into effect ei!r ( my fa!r's plans !re c\ld be no d\bt t consid]able improvem5t w\ld be made on ! outfall ( ! ,)am bel[ ,bo/on1 z ! sequel w %[1 nev]!less1 if ! ,gr& ,sluice _h be5 remov$ ! tide w\ld h fl[$ f>!r up ! riv] & ! increas$ quantity ( tidal wat] pass+ upw>ds & d[nw>ds w\ld h improv$ ! outfall /ill fur!r2 b !re 7 insup]able objections to ! removal ( ! ,gr& ,sluice1 :i* nei!r ( ^? p>ties above m5tion$ :o 7 to make ! improvem5t 9 ! outfall c\ld control1 = ! riv] above ! ,gr& ,sluice 0 "u a diff]5t body4 ,! banks mu/ h be5 rais$ to admit ! tide2 comp5sation mu/ h be5 made = ! loss ( fre% wat]1 & v>i\s o!r int]e/s mu/ h be5 consult$ t 7 ho/ile4 ,! ,black ,sluice ,commission]s /uck to ,tel=d's report1 & )drew f ! contribution1 s t ! :ole matt] fell to ! gr\nd4 ,! outfall ( ! ,)am became worse1 & ! ,corporation ( ,bo/on1 be+ left s+le-h&$1 & hav+ det]m9$ to d :at !y c\ld to improve ! riv]1 aga9 reque/$ my advice4 ,i said t ! be/ ?+ !y c\ld d "u ! circum/ances w\ld be to c>ry into effect by degrees1 z f> z _! means w\ld all[1 ! plan ( my fa!r already ref]r$ to = improv+ ! old *annel ( ! riv]1 & to beg9 by cutt+ (f ! b5d betwe5 ,hobhole & ! upp] end ( ,burton's ,m>% 7?is cut w\ld be ab\t half a mile long71 & block+ up ! old *annel imm$iately above x1 :i* 0 ab\t half a mile wide4 ,^! two works w\ld %ort5 ! navigation q half a mile1 & admit & dis*>ge ! tidal & fre% wat]s m readily1 & ?us produce a correspond+ sc\r & l[]+ ( ! l[-wat] l9e & b$ ( ! riv] all ! way up to ! ,gr& ,sluice above ,bo/on4 ,! ,corporation adopt$ my recomm5dation1 & ent]$ into a contract ) ,jolliffe & ,banks = t purpose4 ,al?\gh a small "w1 x 0 att5d$ ) consid]able difficulty1 p>ticul>ly 9 clos+ ! old *annel1 on acc\nt ( its great wid? & ! great body ( tidal wat] :i* pass$ ?r\gh x4 ,! effect ( ?is "w exce$$ my mo/ sangu9e expectations2 9 a %ort "t x improv$ ! *annel upw>ds to ,bo/on to su* an ext5t t spr+ tides rose at ,bo/on ,bridge #ad feet1 & neaps #aj feet1 & ! b$ ( ! riv] 0 deep5$ f #c to #d feet bel[ l[ wat] ( spr+s1 s t vessels draw+ #ae feet & #af feet c\ld come up to ! t[n at spr+s1 & vessels draw+ #ab to #ac feet c\ld come up at neaps2 moreov]1 all ! silt 0 sc\r$ away f ! front ( ! ,maudfo/] ,sluice1 s t x dis*>g$ ! highl& wat] f ! f5s1 :i* x _h n done = ye>s be=e1 & improv$ also ! dis*>ge ( ! wat]s f ! ,gr& & ,black sluices4 ,i mu/ confess t ,i 0 n a little elat$ at ?is successful result1 z x mo/ completely e/abli%$ ! correctness ( my fa!r's op9ion z well z my own1 & demon/rat$ ! fallacy ( my fri5d ,tel=d's judgm5t4 ,! co/ ( ! above works 0 #cc1jjjl41 :i* 0 v small comp>$ to ! advantage obta9$4 ,! ,corporation ( ,bo/on 7 s mu* pleas$ ) ! success t !y det]m9$ to c>ry into effect ! rema9d] ( ! improvem5t 9 ! old *annel to ,bo/on1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds done by conf9+ ! *annel by degrees to a prop] wid? by means ( fasc9es & loose /one & clay prop]ly comb9$ toge!r up to ! level ( half tide1 s t ! flood & ebb always act$ to ! greate/ advantage 9 "o & ! same *annel )\t mat]ially dim9i%+ ! quantity ( tidal wat]4 ,! effect ( ^! additional works 0 to /ill fur!r deep5 ! b$ ( ! riv] & increase ! fl[ ( ! tide by l[]+ ! l[-wat] m>k1 :i* improv$ ! navigation & dra9age /ill fur!r1 s t ! trade ( ,bo/on reviv$ & increas$ 9 prosp]ity1 & all ?is 0 effect$ by ! res\rces ( ,bo/on alone2 & x is only to be regrett$ t ! dra9age int]e/s1 :o d]iv$ s mu* b5efit1 7 n compell$ to contribute _! j proportion4 ,9 #aheb a ,bill 0 obta9$ to c>ry into effect my plan = improv+ ! m\?s ( ! ,)am bel[ ,hobhole1 & ! ,well& bel[ ,fosdike ,bridge1 & reclaim+ #ce1jjj acres ( l& f ! ,great ,wa%1 z =m]ly describ$1 b ! ,bill 0 clogg$ ) s _m re/rictions1 & nei!r ! dra9age or navigation int]e/s w\ld contribute any?+ t[>ds x1 al?\gh !y w\ld h be5 greatly b5efit$1 t x 0 f\nd impossible to c>ry x into effect s z to remun]ate ! %>ehold]s1 & !re=e x 0 ab&on$4 ,i ab\t ?is "t f9i%$ "s m9or works :i* _h be5 design$ & p>tly execut$ = ! improvem5t ( ! ,)am ne> ,l9coln4 ,?is 0 "p ( a great plan ( my fa!r = improv+ ! riv] ,)am1 s z to make x navigable = ! ,york%ire coa/+ vessels1 draw+ #f feet & c>ry+ ab\t #gj tons4 ,f ,l9coln !y proce$$ to ! ,tr5t by ! ,old ,foss navigation1 :i* ent]$ ! ,tr5t at ,torksey1 & f !nce to ! ,humb] & ! adjac5t coa/s4 ,?is improv$ navigation ( ! ,)am answ]$ v well z a comm]cial speculation1 & 9 ! ye> #ahdg 0 sold to ! ,great ,nor!rn ,railway ,company1 :o e/abli%$ a railway on its banks1 :i* n[ =ms "p ( _! loop l9e betwe5 ,pet]bor\gh & ,l9coln1 :i* has 9 a great measure sup]s$$ ! navigation4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod ,i 0 reque/$ by ! ,commission]s ( ! ,an*olme ,level1 consi/+ ( ab\t #ej1jjj acres ( l[ f5 l&s1 bord]+ ^u ! ,an*olme 9 ,nor? ,l9coln%ire1 to give !m my advice z to ! be/ means ( improv+ _! dra9age1 & at ! same "t ! navigation ( t riv]4 ,! ,an*olme takes its rise ne> ,m>ket ,ras51 9 ! highl&s ( ! nor? ( ,l9coln%ire1 & aft] a c\rse ( "s miles x ent]s ! l[l& di/rict ( ! valley1 & proce$s ?r\gh x 9 a nor!rly direction = a di/ance ( ab\t #ah miles1 :5 x jo9s ! ,humb] at "r angles to its c\rse4 ,! valley v>ies f "o mile 9 wid? at ! upp] end to ?ree miles at ! l[] end1 :]e x jo9s ! ,humb]4 ,x is b\nd$ on ! s\? by a ridge ( *alk hills ( consid]able elevation1 & on ! nor? by a simil> ridge ( s&/one hills4 ,! ,an*olme hav+ v little fall :]e x ent]s ! l[l&s1 & be+ prev5t$ f dis*>g+ its wat]s ) facility into ! ,humb] on acc\nt ( ! great mass ( wat] & high tides 9 ! latt] riv]1 0 =c$ back ^u ! l[l&s1 & frequ5tly inundat$ !m1 s t !y became little bett] ?an m>%es1 & ! riv] itself 0 necess>ily extremely circuit\s4 ,9 #ahjf ! ,commission]s appli$ to my fa!r = advice1 & he recomm5d$1 9 ! fir/ place1 t ! riv] %\ld be /raight5$ z f> z practicable1 9 ord] to utilize ! fall ( ! curr5t to ! fulle/ ext5t2 also t a sluice %\ld be con/ruct$ to exclude ! tides at ,t]reby2 & a cat*wat] dra9 made on ! s\? side1 ) sep>ate sluice to dis*>ge ! highl& wat]s into ! ,humb]4 ,?is advice 0 only p>tly foll[$3 ! riv] 0 /raight5$2 ! cat*wat] dra9 only ext5d$ z f> z ,brigg2 a lock 0 made = ! navigation at ,horte/[ ,gre51 :]e ! riv] ent]$ ! l[l&s2 & a sluice ) a lock 0 made at ,t]reby4 ,9 pr9ciple1 ^! works 7 correctly design$ & well adapt$ = ! purpose z f> z !y w5t2 b ,i am n exactly aw>e :e!r !y 7 c>ri$ out accord+ to 8 plan1 or "u 8 imm$iate direction2 & tw5ty ye>s _h elaps$ be=e ,i 0 invit$ to give my op9ion4 ,:5 ,i visit$ !m ! level 0 v badly dra9$2 ! riv] 0 full ( %oals2 ! navigation1 :i* 0 int5d$ = ! ,york%ire coa/+ vessels up to ,bi%op's ,bridge1 0 only practicable a few miles beyond ,brigg1 & t 9 a v imp]fect mann]2 & ! works g5]ally 7 9 a v bad /ate4 ,aft] hav+ inspect$ ! works1 ,i recomm5d$1 fir/1 t ! ma9 riv] %\ld be deep5$1 wid5$1 & enl>g$ ?r\gh\t ! entire l5g? ( ! level1 s z to accommodate ! full-siz$ ,york%ire coa/+ vessels draw+ #f ft4 #f 942 & t ! riv] %\ld be ( ample capacity to conta9 ! floods fully #b to #c feet bel[ ! level ( ! l[l&s1 s t !y c\ld n be ov]fl[$1 & might always be able to dra9 into x4 ,secondly1 t a lock %\ld be made ) a lift ( #f feet1 s t coa/+ vessels might be enabl$ to get up to ,bi%op's ,bridge2 & t z a great deal ( s& 0 br\ght d[n by ! upp] "p ( ! riv]1 :i* cont9ually produc$ %oals & fill$ x up1 ,i recomm5d$ t at ! upp] end ( ! lock an ov]fall %\ld be made1 toge!r ) a capaci\s res]voir1 into :i* ! s& might be dis*>g$1 9 ord] to prev5t x f gett+ into ! riv]2 !n x c\ld be remov$ :5ev] necess>y4 ,?irdly1 t a new sluice & lock %\ld be made at ,t]reby1 :]e ! ,an*olme jo9$ ! ,humb]2 t all ! new sluices %\ld be laid #f feet bel[ ! old "o2 & t new bridges %\ld be made across ! ma9 riv] to replace ! old ones1 :i* 7 n ( suffici5t capacity4 ,f\r?ly1 t ! s\? cat*wat] dra9 %\ld be dra9$ out & enl>g$1 & ext5d$ to ! upp] end ( ! level4 ,fif?ly1 t a cat*wat] dra9 ( ! requisite dim5sions %\ld be made on ! nor? side ( ! level1 f ! new sluice to ! f>!r extremity ( ! level1 & t ! wat] %\ld be dis*>g$ ?r\gh a sep>ate op5+ 9 ! new sluice4 ,six?ly1 t :]ev] a brook ent]$ ! cat*wat] dra9 on ei!r side1 !re %\ld be correspond+ weirs & res]voirs = receiv+ ! s& & o!r deposits1 s z to prev5t !m f gett+ into ! dra9s4 ,^! sev]al works 7 execut$1 "u my directions1 by ,messrs4 ,jolliffe & ,banks1 z contractors2 & ,mr4 ,adam ,smi?1 z resid5t eng9e]1 to :om ! real cr$it is due = ! v able1 hone/1 & zeal\s mann] 9 :i* he dis*>g$ 8 duties1 p>ticul>ly = ! execution ( ! new sluice at ,t]reby1 :i* 0 done )\t a contractor1 & is "o ( ! *eape/ & be/ works ( ! k9d4 ,^! works h answ]$ _! object completely2 & ! ,an*olme di/rict is z well dra9$ z any level 9 ! k+dom1 & ! navigation is complete ( ! k9d4 ,:il/ c>ry+ on ^! works ,i 0 ! frequ5t gue/ ( ! ,e>l ( ,y>bor\gh1 ! ,commodore ( ! ,ya*t ,club1 & receiv$ ! greate/ k9dness & att5tion f 8 lord%ip2 )\t 8 support1 ability1 & firmness1 ^! works w\ld nev] h be5 attempt$1 nor c>ri$ to a successful conclusion4 #b ,i h always he>d ?is /ory 9 ,cornwall2 & a pamphlet on ! subject1 n[ v sc>ce1 0 publi%$ at ! "t4 ,mr4 ,fox1 ,i h be5 told1 0 tak5 be=e a magi/rate1 & made an affidavit conc]n+ x ! morn+ aft] ! occurr5ce1 & be=e ! mail came d[n4--,c4 ,g4 ,c4 ,r4 #c ,i may m5tion "h t be=e ,tel=d built ! susp5sion bridge ne> ,bangor1 ,mr4 ,r5nie propos$ a ca/-iron bridge ( sev]al ar*es1 on ! site ( ! pres5t ,britannia ,bridge1 :i* w\ld ultimately h c>ri$ ! railway1 b ! s*eme 0 consid]$ too bold at ! "t4 ,! possibility ( ! con/ruction ( ! pres5t magnific5t bridge1 :i* m>ks an era 9 eng9e]+1 is ( c\rse due to ! great improvem5ts 9 ! manufacture ( iron s9ce ,mr4 ,r5nie's "t4 ,?us e age has its specialty1 & :at _c be done at "o "t becomes practicable at ano!r4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,sket* ( ! ,risk & ,progress ( ! ,railway ,sy/em--,! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool1 ,london & ,birm+ham1 & o!r e>ly ,l9es4 ,i w n[ proce$ to a v important epo* 9 my life1 namely1 my fir/ introduction to railways ^u ! locomotive sy/em4 ,railways ( wood 7 fir/ introduc$ on ! ,tyne1 = ! purpose ( br++ d[n coal f ! adjac5t colli]ies1 to be %ipp$ f ,newca/le & ! vic9ity = exportation to ,london & o!r places4 ,^! 7 #d feet #f in*es wide f c5tre to c5tre1 & ! coal waggons 7 specially adapt$ to !m4 ,! wood5 rails wore out rapidly1 & 7 subsequ5tly improv$ by hav+ ca/ iron edge rails fix$ ^u ! wood5 ones1 & ! :eels ( ! waggons 7 made ( ca/ iron also1 hav+ a flange on ! inside to keep !m 9 _! places4 ,x r$uc$ mat]ially ! friction ( ! road1 enabl$ ! horses by :i* ! waggons 7 drawn to take a great] load1 & ! exp5se ( ma9ta9+ ! ways 0 greatly r$uc$4 ,matt]s proce$$ 9 ?is mann] until t[>ds ! end ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,at t "t1 ! celebrat$ ,james ,watt began 8 exp]im5ts ^u /eam1 & !n turn$ 8 att5tion to ! improvem5t ( ! /eam eng9e1 :i* _h previ\sly be5 s f> p]fect$ by ,sav]y1 ,newcom51 & ,smeaton1 z to be us$ = pump+ wat] f m9es ) consid]able effect1 by employ+ /eam & atmosph]ic pressure alt]nately1 = rais+ & l[]+ ! pi/on 9 ! cyl9d] to :i* ! pump+ app>atus 0 atta*$4 ,! wa/e ( fuel & ! exp5se ( work+ ^! eng9es 7 v consid]able1 & !y 7 inapplicable to any o!r purpose b pump+4 ,watt saw ^! defects1 & imm$iately set ab\t devis+ means = rem$y+ !m4 ,he fir/ enclos$ ! /eam cyl9d] at top & bottom1 & elevat$ & depress$ ! pi/on by means ( /eam only2 & in/ead ( all[+ ! sp5t /eam to escape into ! atmosph]e1 x 0 dis*>g$ into a sep>ate vessel1 into :i* a jet ( cold wat] 0 con/antly play+1 s t ! /eam 0 cond5s$ !re1 & h5ce ?is vessel 0 call$ a 8cond5s]40 ,9 ?is cond5s] !re 0 an air pump con/antly work+1 s t to "s ext5t a vacuum 0 produc$1 :i* facilitat$ ! dis*>ge ( ! /eam f above & bel[ ! pi/on1 reliev$ ! pressure ^u x bo? ways1 & add$ consid]ably to ! effect ( ! :ole ma*9e1 z well z economiz+ ! fuel requir$ to "w x4 ,he also add$ a crank to a connect+ rod at ! opposite end ( ! beam to :i* ! pi/on 0 atta*$1 & by means ( ?is crank communicat$ rot>y motion to any ma*9]y connect$ ) x1 add+ /ill fur!r to ! value ( ! /eam eng9e1 & r5d]+ x univ]sally applicable4 ,! boil] also he greatly improv$1 s z to produce a l>g] quantity ( /eam ) less fuel4 ,! +5i\s idea ( ! crank 0 pirat$ f him be=e he c\ld pat5t x1 & he resort$ to ano!r inv5tion to produce rot>y motion1 :i* he call$ ! sun & planet :eel2 ?is consi/$ ( a too!d :eel atta*$ to ! l[] end ( ! connect+ rod fix$ to ! end ( ! beam1 :i* :eel work$ into ano!r atta*$ to ! end ( a horizontal %aft1 ^u :i* 7 fix$ o!r :eels to give motion to any sy/em ( ma*9]y :i* might be requir$4 ,x %\ld be obs]v$ t 9 ?is improv$ eng9e ! connect+ rod ( ! pi/on 0 atta*$ to "o end ( ! beam1 ! connect+ rod atta*$ to ! crank1 or sun & planet1 0 fix$ to ! o!r1 & ! air & cold wat] pumps 7 atta*$ to rods connect$ ) ! int]m$iate "p ( ! ma9 beam1 s t !y 7 all work$ toge!r by ! ris+ & fall+ ( ! pi/on1 & ?us =m$ "o :ole compact ma*9e4 ,he also add$ sev]al m9or contrivances1 :i* x is unnecess>y to m5tion1 & :i* r5d]$ ! /eam eng9e /ill m complete4 ,8 improvem5ts did n end "h1 = he made num]\s exp]im5ts ^u ! expansibility or ela/icity & effects ( /eam at v>i\s temp]atures1 con/ruct$ a high pressure eng9e1 & subsequ5tly "o ) a cond5s] m\nt$ ^u a c>riage support$ by :eels1 :i* 0 no?+ m ?an ! locomotive eng9e1 a model ( :i* /ill exi/s4 ,watt1 h[ev]1 z ,i h already obs]v$1 did n l high-pressure /eam3 he 0 fully aw>e ( its importance2 b at t "t1 f ! backw>d /ate ( ! iron manufacture1 he did n see 8 way to controll+ x ) safety1 & he consid]$ t 8 l[-pressure cond5s+ sy/em 0 ! be/ & mo/ economical1 & he !re=e gave up all idea ( pursu+ ! inve/igation ( ! locomotive eng9e & its applicability4 ,=tunately1 h[ev]1 ev]ybody 0 n ( ! same op9ion4 ,watt _h cle>ly inv5t$ ! locomotive eng9e1 & 8 able & fai?ful assi/ant1 ,william ,murdock1 aft]w>ds made ano!r work+ model ( x on ! same plan1 ) :i* he us$ to amuse himself by sett+ x 9 motion to run ab\t 8 room4 ,b ! idea & its practicability once e/abli%$1 ! locomotive 0 n to be ?us ab&on$4 ,among/ ^? :o he>d ( x1 & :o appreciat$ its value1 7 two ,corni% eng9e]s1 ,trevi?ick & ,vivian1 :o _h be5 accu/om$ to "w high-pressure /eam1 :i* 0 l>gely us$ 9 ! ,corni% m9+ eng9es ab\t ?is "t4 ,trevi?ick & ,vivian soon saw t ,watt's waggon boil] 0 too cumbr\s1 & n capable ( produc+ /eam fa/ en\gh or 9 suffici5t quantity = a locomotive eng9e4 ,!y !re=e inv5t$ a new k9d ( boil] ) a tube 9 ! c5tre1 ar\nd :i* ! heat f ! furnace circulat$1 s t a great] surface 0 expos$ to its action1 &1 consequ5tly1 /eam 0 g5]at$ mu* m quickly & 9 great] volume & ela/icity4 ,?is boil] 01 moreov]1 m compact1 light]1 & m portable ?an ,watt's2 ! eng9e also 0 m simple2 & ! cyl9d] & pi/on be+ v]tical1 ! latt] 0 atta*$ to a crank1 :i* aga9 0 appli$ to ! axles ( ! :eels1 :i* made !m revolve at e d\ble /roke ( ! pi/on4 ,! :ole ( ?is eng9e 0 m\nt$ on a c>riage2 & ?is may be t]m$ an improvem5t ^u ,watt's eng9e1 & ! second /age ( ?is great inv5tion4 ,trevi?ick & ,vivian be+ conv9c$ ( success1 took out a pat5t = ! tubul> boil] & ! eng9e1 = its application to common roads & railways2 & =esee+ t if ! :eels 7 appli$ to ! smoo? surface ( a railway1 ! adhesion ( _! surface1 comb9$ ) ! weight ( ! :ole ma*9e1 w\ld be suffici5t to impel x =w>d :5 work$ by ! eng9e1 propos$ t ! p]iph]ies ( ! :eels %\ld be smoo?2 b 9 o!r cases1 :]e m grip or action might be necess>y1 !y propos$ to add bosses or cogs to ! p]iph]ies ( ! :eels4 ,:at !y n[ requir$ 0 to apply ! inv5tion to practice4 ,!y accord+ly 7 ei!r invit$ or w5t to ! ,m]?yr ,tydvil ,iron ,works1 :]e iron tramways 7 9 ext5sive use1 & !re propos$ an eng9e = draw+ ! waggons1 in/ead ( manual & horse lab\r4 ,! inv5tion 0 greatly approv$ (1 & ! proprietors ( ! m9es det]m9$ to give x a fair trial4 ,a locomotive eng9e 0 !n made by ,trevi?ick & ,vivian & plac$ on ! railway4 ,waggons lad5 ) t5 tons ( iron & coal 7 atta*$ to ! eng9e1 &1 to ! surprise ( all1 x drew !m at ! rate ( six miles an h\r4 ,?is 0 9 ! ye> #ahjb4 ,"o w\ld h ?\ght t ! pr9ciple1 practice1 & value ( ! inv5tion hav+ be5 ?us fairly demon/rat$1 ! weal?y & ent]pris+ ironma/]s w\ld at once h adopt$ x & h br\ght x into g5]al use4 ,inde$1 x is difficult to conceive :y ?is 0 n s4 ,x is true t ! ma*9e 0 /ill cumbr\s & difficult to manage1 & ! ca/-iron tramways 7 probably too light & badly laid1 s t !y 7 frequ5tly brok52 /ill suffici5t mu/ h be5 prov$ to %[ t ^! 7 defects t might easily be rem$i$1 & t cont9u$ practice w\ld enable ! inv5tors to r5d] bo? ! locomotive & ! railway m p]fect4 ,9 almo/ all new inv5tions1 no?+ is made p]fect at fir/1 & x requires con/ant trials & mu* p]sev]ance to remove ob/acles :i* _c be =ese51 & ! exi/5ce ( :i* c only be prov$ by exp]i5ce1 :5 ! prop] rem$y c be appli$4 ,! attempt to introduce locomotives on railways 0 n1 h[ev]1 = ! "t prosecut$ fur!r at ,m]?yr ,tydvil4 ,x may be ask$1 :y did n ,trevi?ick & ,vivian pursue ! matt] fur!r else:]e8 ,i believe ! answ] to ?is is simply t !y _h n ! means2 !y _h already exp5d$ s mu* 9 prosecut+ ! inv5tion t _! res\rces 7 exhau/$1 & unless fre% pecuni>y aid came 9 !y mu/ necess>ily ab&on x1 at lea/ = ! "t4 ,no?+ is m difficult ?an to introduce a new inv5tion1 h[ev] plausible x may appe> at fir/ sight4 ,we become by habit s w$d$ to our old ways t we are apt to reg>d any?+ new ) indiff]5ce4 ,:5 x has succe$$1 ! m simple x is ! m we are a/oni%$ t we %\ld n h p]ceiv$ its value be=e2 h5ce1 un=tunately1 we s frequ5tly f9d t _m able m51 :o h made brilliant discov]ies & inv5tions :i* h conf]r$ s mu* b5efit ^u mank9d1 h exhau/$ _! all1 & h di$ ( />vation1 j at ! v mom5t :5 !y h succe$$4 ,!n "s lucky "o /eps 9 & d]ives all ! advantage4 ,su* 0 ! fate ( poor ,trevi?ick1 :o may be said to h be5 ! inv5tor ( ! mod]n railway sy/em4 ,ev5 ,watt himself w\ld h probably %>$ ! same fate1 if he _h n met ) ! great ,mat!w ,b\lton1 :o appreciat$ 8 inv5tions1 & furni%$ ! means = c>ry+ !m into effect4 ,! same may be said ( ,cort1 :o introduc$ puddl+1 ! simple/ mode ( conv]t+ ca/ into wr\ght iron4 ,bessem] himself told me t he 0 ne>ly ru9$ be=e 8 great discov]y succe$$4 ,9 fact1 numb]less examples might be adduc$ ( ?is melan*oly tru?2 b to my /ory4 ,! next example we f9d ( ! employm5t ( ! locomotive eng9e 0 t ( ,bl5k9sop1 ( ,le$s1 :i* 0 simil> to1 b m compact & light] ?an t ( ,trevi?ick & ,vivian1 & 0 appli$ to draw ! waggons lad5 ) coal f ,middleton ,colli]y1 ne> ,le$s1 to t t[n2 ,i saw x at "w 9 ! ye> #ahad4 ,x !n drew #bj tons at ! rate ( sev5 miles an h\r1 at :i* ,i 0 mu* a/oni%$4 ,al?\gh q a lad1 ,i ?\ght to myself1 8,some?+ m w come out ( ?is h]eaft]40 ,b ! mo/ s+ul> ?+ connect$ ) ?is 01 t ! pr9ciple ( adhesion to ! rails by ! smoo? tir$ :eels1 & ! fact ( ! p[] ( a locomotive be+ 9 its weight1 z laid d[n by ,trevi?ick1 0 completely =gott51 & ! locomotive 0 propell$ =w>d by means ( a too!d :eel driv5 by ! eng9e1 act+ on a correspond+ too!d rack laid alongside ! rails2 ?is 0 no?+ m ?an ,trevi?ick's idea ( bosses or tee? atta*$ to ! :eels1 b int5d$ to be appli$ 9 a diff]5t way4 ,/ill ! inv5tion 0 mak+ its way4 ,bl5k9sop's eng9e excit$ great int]e/ 9 ! nor?1 especially 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,tyne & ,we>1 & numb]s ( eng9e]s1 sci5tific m51 & o!rs w5t to see x1 & be+ conv9c$ ( its value1 det]m9$ to introduce x into t di/rict4 ,among/ o!rs1 ,mr4 ,blackett1 ( ,wylam ,colli]y1 :o _h se5 ,bl5k9sop's eng9e & railway1 p]ceiv$ ! error ( attempt+ to propel ! locomotive by means ( ! too!d :eel & rat*et1 & det]m9$ to rev]t to ,trevi?ick's orig9al design ( ! smoo? tir$ :eels4 ,:e!r he _h he>d ( ,trevi?ick's inv5tion or n1 does n appe>1 al?\gh1 z ! subject _h become g5]ally kn[n1 & num]\s intellig5t m9ds _h be5 direct$ t[>ds x1 x is v probable t he _h4 ,h[ev]1 be t z x may1 he has ! cr$it ( re9troduc+ ,trevi?ick's inv5tion1 & a locomotive1 ) improvem5ts1 leav+ out ! too!d :eel & rat*et1 0 appli$ to a railway at ,wylam ) complete success4 ,among/ o!rs :o visit$ ,bl5k9sop's railway & locomotive eng9e 0 ,mr4 ,james1 a g5]al l& ag5t & surveyor1 at ,newca/le1 :o 0 9 l>ge practice1 & _h a respectable =tune4 ,he 0 a man ( enl>g$ m9d & great intellig5ce1 & al?\gh n a practical me*anician1 he 0 s mu* /ruck ) ! effect ( ,bl5k9sop's eng9e & railway1 t he at once said x 0 a new mode ( convey+ pass5g]s & goods :i* mu/ sup]s$e all o!rs1 & become univ]sal4 ,9 8 en?usiasm he wrote a long lett]1 address$ to ! ,pr9ce ,reg5t1 on ! subject1 9 #ahae1 po9t+ out ! value ( ?is new mode ( transport1 ! sav+ :i* x w\ld effect 9 manual & horse lab\r1 ! ease & exp$ition ) :i* goods & pass5g]s w\ld be convey$1 & ! va/ b5efits :i* w\ld be conf]r$ ^u ! c\ntry by ! g5]al introduction ( ! railway sy/em4 ,imm$iately he set to "w & devot$ 8 :ole en]gies & "t1 reg>dless ( 8 own bus9ess1 to ! promotion ( ?is new mode ( transit4 ,! celebrat$ ,george ,/eph5son1 :o up to ?is "t _h be5 a work+ colli]1 began to em]ge f 8 obscurity & exhibit 8 g5ius to ! _w4 ,james got acqua9t$ ) him1 & be+ greatly tak5 by 8 tal5t1 imp>t$ 8 views ab\t ! introduction ( railways1 &1 x is said1 suppli$ money t[>ds aid+ him 9 prosecut+ ! "w4 ,be ?is z x may1 ,/eph5son1 :o _h se5 ,blackett's eng9e1 0 fully conv9c$ ( ! s\ndness ( ! sy/em1 & t x mu/ become univ]sal2 & !re=e1 ) 8 usual indomitable en]gy & tal5t1 he appli$ himself to promote & develop ! new s*eme by e means 9 8 p[]4 ,he became acqua9t$1 & ultimately ent]$ into p>tn]%ip1 ) ,mr4 ,"l1 & e/abli%$ a manufactory = locomotive eng9es at ,newca/le1 :i* ma9ta9s its celebrity at ! pres5t day4 ,he fir/ made a locomotive ( a new & improv$ con/ruction1 :i* work$ ) consid]able success ^u ! ,hetton ,colli]y railways4 ,next he 0 employ$ on ! ,/ockton & ,d>l+ton1 = :i* he made sev]al locomotives1 all ( :i*1 be x obs]v$1 7 employ$ solely = c>ry+ goods at ! rate ( ab\t eight miles an h\r2 & x 0 by no means anticipat$ t !y w\ld be able to exce$ t1 or t !y c\ld calculate mu* ^u g5]al pass5g] traffic4 ,h[ev]1 ! success t _h already att5d$ _! ef=ts1 made ,/eph5son confid5t t ! railway sy/em c\ld be equally well appli$ :]ev] !re 0 a l>ge traffic4 ,james & ,/eph5son !n ent]$ into a k9d ( p>tn]%ip1 & fir/ propos$ to make a railway1 9 #ahag1 f ,man*e/] to ,liv]pool1 = betwe5 ^? t[ns ! traffic 0 s enorm\s t ! ,duke ( ,bridgewat]'s ,canal & ! ,m]sey c\ld n accommodate x prop]ly1 & great dissatisfaction 0 express$ at ! delays & high *>ges4 ,no?+1 h[ev]1 0 done at ! "t1 & x 0 n until ! ye> #ahbe t ! project 0 s f> matur$ z to enable a company to be =m$ to c>ry x into effect4 ,?is company 0 pr9cipally compos$ ( g5tlem5 f ,man*e/]1 ,liv]pool1 & ,newca/le2 & ,george ,/eph5son 0 _! *ief eng9e]4 ,!y w5t to ,p>liam5t 9 ! ye> #ahbe1 b 7 s ill prep>$ to enc\nt] ! viol5t & p[]ful int]e/s by :i* !y 7 oppos$1 p>ticul>ly t ( ! ,bridgewat] ,canal1 :i* enjoy$ a v l>ge portion ( ! traffic1 t !y lo/ _! ,bill4 ,! late ,e>l ( ,lonsdale1 !n ,"l ,l[!r1 "o ( ! ,lords ( ! ,treasury1 a v able & intellig5t "y man1 kn[+ me f my connection ) ,london ,bridge1 & ) ! ,:itehav5 ,h>b\r1 ( :i* ,i 0 ! eng9e] 7:]e 8 fa!r 0 ! *ief own] ( all ! great colli]ies r\nd ! t[n71 ask$ my op9ion ab\t ! propos$ new sy/em1 & :e!r ,i ?\ght t x 0 likely to succe$4 ,i told him frankly t ,i ?\ght x w\ld4 ,8 lord%ip repli$1 8,i ?9k s1 too20 & he (f]$ me ! po/ ( eng9e] to ! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool ,railway1 add+1 8,al?\gh x w be greatly oppos$1 ,i ?9k we %all c>ry x40 ,i repli$ t my bro!r & myself w\ld be happy to und]take x1 provid$ t we did n int]f]e ) ,mr4 ,/eph5son or any o!r eng9e] :o _h be5 previ\sly employ$4 ,"l ,lonsdale said t he w\ld arrange all t ) ! ,company1 & my bro!r & myself 7 accord+ly appo9t$ eng9e]s-9-*ief4 ,z we 7 left entirely to our own discretion to adopt ! old or to *oose an entirely new l9e1 we select$ ! pres5t en]getic & tal5t$ eng9e]1 ,mr4 ,*>les ,vignolles1 to make ! necess>y surveys = ,p>liam5t4 ,aft] exam9+ ! old l9e & ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 we f9ally decid$ ^u adopt+ ! pres5t "o1 :i* passes ov] ,*atmoss4 ,:il/ we 7 proce$+ ) ! survey1 my bro!r ,george & ,mr4 ,vignolles met ,mr4 ,brad%aw1 :o 0 ! sole & indep5d5t manag] ( ! ,duke ( ,bridgewat]'s ,canal1 on ,*atmoss1 n f> f ! l9e1 & ne> 8 own resid5ce4 ,he w5t up to my bro!r & introduc$ himself z ! manag] ( ! ,duke's ,canal1 & my bro!r at once m5tion$ 8 "n4 ,mr4 ,brad%aw %ook him by ! h& v cordially1 & said t he 0 glad to make ! acqua9tance ( ! son ( 8 old fri5d1 ,mr4 ,r5nie1 = :om he _h ! greate/ respect & fri5d%ip2 & kn[+ :at we 7 ab\t1 said t he1 on ! "p ( ! ,duke's ,canal & ! o!r wat] c>ri]s1 w\ld oppose ! railway by e means 9 _! p[]1 & he felt pretty confid5t t !y c\ld ?r[ out ! ,bill a second & ev5 a ?ird "t1 if x 7 attempt$4 ,at ! same "t he express$ ! mo/ fri5dly feel+ t[>ds my bro!r1 & invit$ him & ,mr4 ,vignolles to 8 h\se1 :]e he receiv$ !m mo/ hospitably1 & conv]s$1 among/ o!r subjects1 ab\t ! ,bridgewat] ,canal1 & ! great difficulties !y _h to ov]come 9 complet+ x4 ,po9t+ to a little :itewa%$ h\se1 ne> ! ,moss1 ab\t half a mile di/ant1 he said to my bro!r3 8,d y see t h\se8 ,_m a "t did ! late ,duke ( ,bridgewat]1 ,br9dley1 & myself sp5d our ev5+s !re dur+ ! con/ruction ( ! canal1 aft] ! day's lab\rs 7 ov]2 & "o ev5+ 9 p>ticul> we _h a v doleful meet+4 ,! ,duke _h sp5t all 8 money1 _h exhau/$ 8 cr$it1 & did n "k :]e to get m1 & ! canal 0 n f9i%$4 ,we 7 all ?ree 9 a v melan*oly mood1 smok+ our pipes & dr9k+ ale1 = we _h n ! means to d m1 & 7 v sil5t4 ,at la/ ! ,duke said3 #8,well1 ,mr4 ,br9dley1 :at is to be done n[8' ,br9dley said3 #8,well1 ,duke1 ,i don't "k2 b ( ?is ,i feel z confid5t z ev]3 if we c\ld only f9i% ! canal1 x w\ld pay well1 & soon br+ back all y\r ,grace's money4'0 ,aft] rema9+ a little long]1 ! p>ty broke up 9 melan*oly sil5ce1 & ea* w5t 8 way4 ,x happ5$ %ortly aft]w>ds t ! ,duke manag$ to get money en\gh to complete ! canal1 & ,br9dley 0 a true prophet1 = ! canal has paid well1 & has be5 ma9ly ! mak+ ( ! great h\ses ( ,su!rl& & ,ellesm]e4 ,! surveys = ! l9e ov] ,*atmoss 7 complet$ & deposit$ 9 due "t1 & ! usual notices 7 giv54 ,! ,bill 0 read a fir/ "t 9 ! ,commons1 & aft] ! second read+ 0 ref]r$ to a committee4 ,c]ta9ly ,brad%aw _h n exagg]at$ ! opposition1 = ! ,bill 0 mo/ en]getically conte/$1 ! lead+ c\nsel aga9/ ! ,bill be+ ! late able & amiable ,b>on ,ald]son4 ,! ,bill1 h[ev]1 pass$ ! ,commons1 & ultimately ! ,lords1 aft] an equally /rong conte/2 b ,"l ,l[!r & 8 fri5ds 7 indefatigable1 & to 8 lord%ip's great ex]tions ! success may be ma9ly attribut$4 ,at ! "t ,i 0 s completely pro/rat$ by ! effects ( ! fall :i* ,i _h met ) at ,london ,bridge1 z previ\sly m5tion$1 t ,i 0 unable to take any v active "p1 :i* !re=e *iefly devolv$ ^u my bro!r & ,mr4 ,vignolles4 ,aft] ! pass+ ( ! ,bill1 my bro!r & myself prep>$ work+ draw+s & e/imates = c>ry+ ! "w into effect1 & we naturally expect$ to be appo9t$ ! executive eng9e]s1 aft] hav+ ) s mu* lab\r & anxiety c>ri$ ! ,bill ?r\gh ,p>liam5t4 ,! ,executive ,committee ( ! ,company behav$ extremely ill to u4 ,/eph5son1 al?\gh he _h fail$ 9 c>ry+ ! fir/ ,bill1 /ill possess$ consid]able influ5ce ) ! ,executive ,committee1 :o propos$ t ,mr4 ,/eph5son %\ld be unit$ ) u4 ,we said t we _h no objection to ,mr4 ,/eph5son tak+ ! locomotive dep>tm5t1 :i* %\ld be di/9ct f ! o!r works4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ! ,committee decl9$1 & at once appo9t$ ,mr4 ,/eph5son ! *ief eng9e]1 & ,mr4 ,vignolles ! resid5t4 ,my bro!r & myself design$ t ! wid? ( gauge %\ld be #e feet #f in*es f c5tre to c5tre ( ! rail1 & if ?is _h be5 adopt$ we %\ld nev] h he>d ( any o!r4 ,?is 0 ! prop] gauge = :i* an eng9e c\ld h be5 made ( ! mo/ p[]ful description1 )\t be+ too long4 ,moreov]1 ! c5tre ( gravity be+ l[]1 x w\ld h be5 m /eady1 be+ bett] adapt$ to go+ r\nd %>p curves4 ,! same advantages w\ld h be5 ga9$ by ! pass5g] & goods c>riages4 ,un=tunately1 ,mr4 ,/eph5son 0 ( a diff]5t op9ion3 he ?\ght t ! old colli]y waggon gauge ( #d feet #h in*es f c5tre to c5tre ( ! rail 0 ample1 & x 0 adopt$4 ,h5ce all ! enorm\s litigation & exp5se :i* aft]w>ds ensu$4 ,brunel subsequ5tly1 on ! ,great ,we/]n ,railway1 feel+ confid5t t ,/eph5son's gauge 0 too n>r[1 propos$ & ultimately adopt$ #g feet z ! prop] gauge4 ,n[ ?is 0 z mu* too wide z ,/eph5son's 0 too n>r[4 ,/eph5son's p>ty h ultimately prevail$1 & ! n>r[ gauge has be5 g5]ally adopt$1 mu* to ! effici5cy & economy ( railways4 ,be=e leav+ ?is "p ( ! subject1 x may be "r to rem>k t ! opposition endeav\r$ to make a /rong case aga9/ our l9e cross+ ,*atmoss1 :i* !y said 0 utt]ly impracticable at any reasonable exp5se4 ,?is we knew f our own exp]i5ce to be simply ridicul\s1 & s x 0 f\nd to be dur+ ! execution2 x has n[ prov$ to be ! be/ "p ( ! l9e1 & ! easie/ to keep 9 repair4 ,all t 0 requir$ 0 to dra9 ! surface by mod]ate-siz$ dra9s1 s z to get rid ( ! sup]flu\s wat]1 !n ! f\ndation = ! rails w\ld be suffici5tly solid to be> any?+2 moreov]1 x possesses a c]ta9 degree ( ela/icity :i* prev5ts ! concussion or jolt+ t is usually f\nd on a h>d unyield+ road4 ,9 #ahbh ! l9e 0 s f> advanc$ t ! ,company det]m9$ to adv]tise = locomotives1 & to give a premium ( #ajjjl4 = ! be/ "o t 0 produc$4 ,among/ ! competitors 7 ,messrs4 ,/eph5son & ,"l1 ,messrs4 ,brai?waite & ,ericsson1 & ,mr4 ,t4 ,hackwor?4 ,! competition took place at ,ra9hill4 ,! ,company re/rict$ ! weight ( ! eng9es to sev5 tons1 :i* %[s h[ little ! subject 0 at t "t und]/ood1 = ! p[] ( a locomotive eng9e is 9 proportion to its weight & ! /eam g5]at$ to "w x2 h5ce x 0 q cle> t 9 re/rict+ ! weight !y re/rict$ its p[]4 ,not)/&+ ?is1 ! eng9es p]=m$ wond]s1 & atta9$ ! spe$ ( #bh to #bi miles an h\r4 ,?is 0 s contr>y to ! g5]al expectation1 = ev5 ! mak]s did n expect above #h or #aj miles an h\r1 t ev]ybody 0 a/oni%$1 & f t "t =w>d ! glori\s c>e] ( railways 0 e/abli%$1 & ! old road sy/em = goods & pass5g]s 0 condemn$ z a ?+ ( ! pa/4 ,! %>es1 :i* _h be5 at a disc\nt1 n[ rose to a premium1 & num]\s new l9es 7 9 contemplation4 ,/eph5son's eng9e1 ! #8,rocket1' ga9$ ! premium1 z x compli$ ) all ! requir$ conditions1 al?\gh t ( ,messrs4 ,brai?waite & ,ericsson 0 9 o!r respects consid]$ ! be/4 ,! rails us$ ^u ?is l9e 7 :at is te*nically call$ ! edge rail4 ,^! 7 ( ca/ iron1 weigh+ #cj lb4 p] y>d1 & !y 7 ca/ on l5g?s #c feet long1 re/+ ^u blocks ( /one ab\t #ab in*es ?ick & #b feet squ>e1 l ! old tramways4 ,"h is ano!r example ( ! little t 0 kn[n ^u ! subject2 = x 0 =gott5 t ! old tramways 7 work$ by horses1 :i* seldom exce$$ ! spe$ ( #b miles1 &1 consequ5tly1 ! vibration ^u a tol]ably well made road 0 sc>cely s5sible1 al?\gh x prevail$ to a c]ta9 ext5t2 b :5 ! velocity 0 increas$ to above #bj miles an h\r1 ! case 0 totally diff]5t1 z %\ld h be5 anticipat$2 yet ! l9e 0 op5$ = traffic on ! old pr9ciple1 until x 0 f\nd t ! concussion & vibration produc$ by ! rigidity ( ! road 7 s s]i\s z to cause consid]able tr\ble4 ,on acc\nt ( its ela/icity1 ! ,*atmoss section 0 f\nd to be ! easie/ & be/ "p ( ! road1 yet x is s+ul> t ?is did n occur to ! ,company4 ,!y cont9u$ to use /one blocks m or less up to ! ye> #ahcg1 :5 !y discov]$ _! error1 & replac$ ! blocks ) wood5 sleep]s1 & l>ge hillocks ( ^! /one blocks may /ill be se5 ly+ along ! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool1 & ,birm+ham l9es4 ,b to return to ! edge rail1 :i* 0 c]ta9ly a great improvem5t ^u ! old flange rail4 ,?is edge rail 01 ,i believe1 fir/ inv5t$ by ,william ,jessop1 a celebrat$ man ( 8 "t1 & tri$ "u ,smeaton1 :o propos$ x = ! ,leice/] & ,l\ghbor\gh ,tram ,railway4 ,! flange 0 transf]r$ f ! rail to ! inn] edge ( ! waggon :eel2 & ! edge rail hav+ no flange occasion$ less friction to ! %aft4 ,z ! rails 7 manufactur$ ( ca/ iron1 !y c\ld n be made long] ?an #c feet )\t mat]ially increas+ _! liability to break2 b !re 7 s _m jo9ts t x 0 v difficult to make a smoo? road & keep x 9 ord]1 p>ticul>ly :5 ! spe$ ( travell+ increas$4 ,h5ce ! use ( /one blocks _h n be5 ab&on$4 ,?is difficulty 0 at l5g? ov]come by ! sub/itution ( wr\ght-iron rails1 :i* 7 fir/ propos$ by ,buck5%aw4 ,^! 7 laid on wood5 sleep]s1 & ?is 0 ano!r great improvem5t2 b ! num]\s jo9ts 7 /ill a great difficulty 9 ! way ( mak+ a smoo? road & keep+ x 9 ord]4 ,?is 0 at la/ ov]come by mak+ ! rails 9 "o s+le piece on roll]s pat5t$ = ! purpose4 ,rails h n[ be5 increas$ f #cj to #hj lb4 p] foot1 & h be5 fi%$ at e jo9t2 t is1 a plate has be5 fix$ on ea* side ) suffici5t room 9 ! connect+ bolt-holes to all[ = expansion & contraction4 ,) reg>d to locomotives1 num]\s improvem5ts h be5 made4 ,we h fir/ ,watt's idea ( mak+ a /eam eng9e1 ) its boil] complete1 ^u an indep5d5t c>riage1 m\nt$ ^u :eels1 s t x c\ld move 9 any direction & propel itself2 z well z a weight atta*$ to x1 m\nt$ ^u :eels also4 ,z ! tramways ( ca/ iron 7 !n e/abli%$1 ?is locomotive ma*9e c\ld h readily be5 appli$ to x1 s t1 9 fact1 to ,watt may be attribut$ ! fir/ practical idea ( ! locomotive eng9e1 al?\gh !re are "s d\bts ab\t ?is1 = a ,m4 ,cugnot is said to h made a work+ model ( a locomotive eng9e ^u a consid]able scale1 at ,p>is1 9 ! ye> #aghc4 ,be ?is z x may1 !y 7 bo? made s ne>ly ab\t ! same "t t x is difficult to decide :i* _h ! priority4 ,at all ev5ts1 ,watt is ju/ly entitl$ to ! m]it ( hav+ be5 ! fir/ to inv5t x 9 ,engl&4 ,hackwor?'s 7( ,d>l+ton7 eng9e 0 made ab\t ! same "t1 & 0 simil> to ,/eph5son's4 ,! next improvem5t consi/$ 9 plac+ ! cyl9d]s ( ! eng9e horizontally in/ead ( v]tically1 s t ! pi/on act$ directly ^u ! axle ^u :i* ! driv+ :eels 7 plac$1 in/ead ( by ! int]v5tion ( a d\ble crank2 ?is made ! eng9e m compact4 ,! next 0 ! multitubul> boil]1 by means ( :i* ! g5]ation ( /eam 0 greatly accel]at$1 9 consequ5ce ( ! increas$ surface expos$ to ! action ( ! heat4#d ,i w n[ rev]t to #ahbf1 ! "t :5 ,i 0 ask$ my op9ion z to ! value ( railways1 & ,i said1 9 ! mo/ decid$ t]ms1 to ,"l ,l[!r1 t ,i ?\ght v highly ( !m1 t !y mu/ succe$ & ev5tually sup]s$e e o!r mode ( transport = pass5g]s & goods4 ,be+ q conv9c$ ( ?is1 ) :i* op9ion my bro!r ,george cordially agre$1 ,i set ab\t project+ l9es to ^? places :]e ,i ?\ght !y 7 mo/ applicable2 t is1 :]e !re 0 actually a l>ge & con/ant traffic1 & :]e a m facile means ( locomotion w\ld be att5d$ ) an increas$ trade4 ,next to ! ,liv]pool & ,man*e/]1 ,i select$ ! ,london & ,birm+ham l9e1 :il/ my bro!r1 9 company ) ! late ,jonas ,jessop & ,william ,*apman1 *ose a direct l9e1 f ! t]m9ation ( m9e at ,birm+ham1 to ,liv]pool1 s t ! two l9es toge!r w\ld h consid]ably r$uc$ ! di/ance betwe5 ,london1 ,birm+ham1 & ,liv]pool4 ,my l9e proce$$ by ,aylesbury1 ,banbury1 ,bice/]1 ,k5ilwor?1 & ,w>wick1 to ! high] "p ( ,birm+ham2 & my bro!r's f !nce by ,/af=d & ,runcorn--) a bridge across ! ,m]sey at t place--to ,liv]pool4 ,?us ,london1 ,birm+ham1 & ,liv]pool1 ! ?ree l>ge/ & mo/ important comm]cial t[ns 9 ! k+dom1 w\ld h be5 connect$ toge!r 9 ! %orte/ possible di/ance & ) ! lea/ exp5sive works practicable4 ,! project1 ^u ! :ole1 0 well receiv$1 b ! public 7 n q prep>$ = su* an und]tak+2 9 fact1 x 0 9 advance ( ! "t1 & = a :ile fell to ! gr\nd4 ,canals _h n fall5 into disrepute1 & ,mr4 ,tel=d1 :o succe$$ my fa!r 9 c>ry+ into effect ! great improvem5ts propos$ by him = ! ,birm+ham ,canal1 sugge/$ a cont9uation ( ?is 7?r\gh ! v di/rict :i* my bro!r1 ,jessop1 & ,*apman _h propos$ to c>ry _! railway71 to connect x ) ! ,bridgewat] & ,m]sey canal to ,liv]pool2 ?is 0 accord+ly execut$1 &1 z reg>ds a comm]cial speculation1 fail$ entirely1 z x 0 soon sup]s$$ by railways4 ,! fact 01 t ,tel=d1 hav+ be5 br$ 9 ! old s*ool1 & hav+ se5 ! triumph ( canals1 c\ld n1 or w\ld n1 believe 9 ! efficacy ( railways1 or t !y w\ld ev] succe$2 &1 inde$1 he laugh$ he>tily :5 he _h succe$$ 9 supplant+ my bro!r's l9e ( railway f ,birm+ham to ,liv]pool by a canal4 ,he _h a /rong prejudice aga9/ railways1 :i* he ma9ta9$ until 8 dea?1 9 #ahce4 ,he _h j f9i%$ 8 great "w ! ,holyhead ,road1 ) ! great connect+ susp5sion bridges ( ,conway & ,bangor1 & ( :i*1 ) good reason1 he 0 ju/ly pr\d1 & c\ld n be> ! idea ( _! be+ sup]s$$ by any o!r sy/em ( locomotion4 ,al?\gh an able eng9e] 9 _m respects1 he 0 n mu* ( a practical me*anic1 & v likely consci5ti\sly ?\ght t railways w\ld n succe$4 ,he _h done 8 "w well 9 8 own dep>tm5t1 & 0 too old to le>n any?+ new4 ,he di$ at a good old age1 mu* respect$ & belov$ by ^? :o knew him1 & leav+ num]\s monum5ts beh9d him ( 8 eng9e]+ tal5ts4 ,ano!r important l9e ( railway :i* ,i propos$ at ?is "t 0 "o betwe5 ,london & ,brighton1 & ,i employ$ two v exp]i5c$ & compet5t surveyors1 ,messrs4 ,edw>d ,gran?am & ,jago1 :o _h frequ5tly be5 employ$ by my fa!r to make surveys 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,engl&1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! region betwe5 ,london & ,portsm\?1 & ! ,weald ( ,k5t1 s t !y _h a ?or\gh k ( ! di/rict4 ,aft] exam9+ ! c\ntry myself1 ,i direct$ t ! l9e %\ld comm5ce at ,k5n+ton ,common1 & proce$ f !nce by ,clapham & ,/rea?am to ! l[] end ( ,croydon2 f !nce up ,smi?am ,bottom valley to ! hill at ,m]/ham1 :i* 0 to be pi]c$ by a tunnel2 f !nce to ,r$hill1 ,horley1 & ! valley to ! ,c9d] ,banks at ! base ( ! ridge ( hills call$ ,tilgate ,=e/1 :]e !re 0 to be ano!r tunnel2 f !nce1 skirt+ ! left side ( ! valley ne> ,balcombe1 to ! valley ( ! ,ouse1 :i* 0 to be cross$ by a viaduct1 & !nce to ,hayw>d's ,hea?1 betwe5 ,l9dfield & ,cuckfield1 :]e x pass$ ?r\gh ano!r ridge ( hills by a deep cutt+2 x !n proce$$ direct to ! ,s\?d[n hills1 ne> ,clayton ,hill1 :i* 0 to be pi]c$ by a tunnel2 !nce d[n ! valley to ,brighton1 :]e x t]m9at$ at ! upp] end ( ! t[n on ! "r side ( ! valley4 ,?is l9e ext5d$ f ,k5n+ton ,common to ,brighton4 ,! c\ntry is v rugg$1 hav+ ?ree l(ty ridges ( hills runn+ ea/ & we/1 :i* x 0 necess>y to pass ?r\gh1 z !re are no lead+ valleys or gaps to facilitate ! passage )\t go+ a long way r\nd1 :i* w\ld h defeat$ my object4 ,?is l9e might h be5 %ort5$ ne>ly a mile by go+ direct f ,tilgate ,=e/ to ,cuckfield1 b ! works w\ld h be5 mu* heavi]1 & c\ld sc>cely h be5 ju/ifi$ at ! "t1 z ! public 7 n prep>$ = su* exp5sive op]ations4 ,i also employ$ ,mr4 ,vignolles to survey ano!r l9e f ,n9e ,elms1 ,vauxhall1 by ,dork+1 ,hor%am1 & ,%oreham2 f !nce along ! coa/ to ! we/ end ( ,brighton4 ,?is l9e1 ^u ! :ole1 0 easi] ( execution ?an ! o!r1 b x 0 five miles long]1 :i* ,i consid]$ objectionable1 z my object 0 to lay d[n ! %orte/ possible l9e betwe5 ! two t]m9i1 s z to r5d] all future competition out ( ! "q4 ,by ?is "t ,i 0 s fully conv9c$ ( ! ultimate success ( railways1 bo? = spe$ & economy1 t ,i ann\nc$ 9 ! prospectus1 t :5 ! railway sy/em _h be5 introduc$ into ,france1 ! j\rney f ,london to ,p>is might be made by ?is r\te 9 twelve h\rs2 h[ev]1 at ?is p]iod no pass5g] railway _h be5 complet$1 & !re=e my /atem5t 0 consid]$ only z a r\gh guess1 :i* might nev] come to pass1 & !re=e a company c\ld n be =m$4 ,at ! same "t ,i employ$ compet5t p]sons to make ! survey = a coa/ l9e f ,brighton to ,wor?+1 ,arundel1 ,*i*e/]1 ,havant1 ,portsm\?1 ,s\?ampton1 ,salisbury1 & !nce to ,w>m9/]1 ) ! int5tion ( ext5d+ x h]eaft] to ,bri/ol4 ,! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool ,railway 0 op5$ ) great c]emony1 :5 ! ,duke ( ,well+ton1 !n ,premi]1 & ,mr4 ,huskisson1 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,bo>d ( ,trade1 att5d$4 ,un=tunately1 ! latt] mo/ able ,m9i/] 0 kill$1 by be+ run ov] by "o ( ! locomotives4 ,poor ,huskisson 0 /&+ betwe5 ! two l9es ( rails1 ) ! ,duke & sev]al o!rs1 :5 ! eng9e came up unexpect$ly2 he lo/ 8 pres5ce ( m9d1 & took a wrong /ep1 :i* end$ 9 a dea? univ]sally deplor$ by ! nation1 z well z by 8 num]\s fri5ds4 ,! success ( ! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool railway hav+ be5 e/abli%$1 ! next ?+ 0 to ext5d ! l9e to ,birm+ham1 & a company 0 imm$iately =m$ = ! purpose1 ) ,mr4 ,george ,/eph5son z eng9e]4 ,ab\t ! same "t ano!r l9e 0 project$ by 8 son ,rob]t1 f ,london to ,birm+ham1 pursu+ pretty ne>ly ! l9e ( ! old ,gr& ,junction or ,padd+ton ,canal2 ?is l9e 0 long] ?an m9e1 l$ ov] mu* m difficult c\ntry1 & did n pass ?r\gh ! same numb] ( t[ns & population1 al?\gh x t\*$ ! important city ( ,cov5try4 ,my l9e comm5c$ at ,blackwall1 & pursu$ ! r\te ( ! ,reg5t's ,canal1 ne>ly simil> to ! l9e ( railway :i* my fa!r _h =m]ly laid d[n4 ,!re 7 two /rong p>ties1 "o ( :i* support$ ,/eph5son's l9e1 & ! o!r m9e2 b ultimately ,/eph5son's p>ty 0 ! /ronge/1 he c>ri$ 8 l9e by "o or two votes1 & ! pres5t ,london & ,birm+ham railway 0 execut$4 ,! r\te to ,liv]pool 0 unnecess>ily long1 & !re=e a new l9e 0 />t$ to %ort5 ! di/ance1 call$ ! ,tr5t ,valley ,l9e1 :i* comm5c$ at ,rugby1 & jo9$ ! ,birm+ham l9e at ,/af=d1 ?us cutt+ (f ! angle at ,birm+ham1 & sav+ a consid]able di/ance4 ,?is l9e 0 /rongly oppos$1 b 0 c>ri$1 x is said1 by ! influ5ce ( ! late ,sir ,r4 ,peel1 & 0 execut$1 ,i believe1 at ! co/ ( ?ree millions4 ,if my own & my bro!r's l9e _h be5 c>ri$ out1 ?is w\ld h be5 unnecess>y1 z a bran* to ,/af=d w\ld h suffic$ = t & o!r t[ns1 & ,birm+ham w\ld h be5 ^u ! ma9 l9e4 ,x is s+ul>1 also1 t ,tel=d's canal1 :i* supplant$ our l9e1 has be5 absorb$ by ! adjac5t railways4 ,hav+ n[1 9 a r rambl+ mann]1 br\ght my pr(essional di>y s f>1 ,i mu/ rev]t aga9 to "s incid5ts connect$ ) my private life4 ,on ! dea? ( ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 ,sir ,humphry ,davy 0 unanim\sly elect$ ,presid5t ( ! ,royal ,society 9 ! ye> #ahbj1 & ,i _h ! hon\r ( be+ elect$ ,fell[1 #ahbc4 ,i 0 elect$ memb] ( ! ,travell]s' ,club1 #ahbb4 ,?is club 0 =m$ 9 ! ye> #ahah1 = ! express purpose ( associat+ travell]s toge!r1 & = promot+ travell+4 ,x 0 enact$ t no p]son 0 eligible to become a memb] unless he _h travell$ on ! ,cont95t1 9 a direct l9e1 #ejj miles f ,london1 & great ?+s 7 expect$ f x2 b al?\gh x 0 ! fir/ travell+ club e/abli%$ 9 ,london1 & conta9$ among/ its memb]s ! mo/ di/+ui%$ travell]s1 x %ortly deg5]at$ into an ord9>y club1 & no?+ has ev] emanat$ f x t[>ds ext5d+ our k ( ! globe1 or 9 publi%+ ! travels ( ! num]\s able m5 :o belong$ to x4 ,sir ,ar?ur de ,capel ,brooke1 :o 0 a memb] ( x1 & :o travell$ a good deal himself1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! nor? ( ,europe1 go+ z f> z ! ,nor? ,cape1 & :o publi%$ an int]e/+ acc\nt ( 8 j\rney1 spoke to my bro!rs1 myself1 & num]\s o!r travell]s on ! subject1 propos+ to e/abli% a new club1 compos$ ( none b di/+ui%$ travell]s2 he sugge/$ t ?is1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 %\ld be no?+ m ?an a d9+ club1 to meet once e mon?1 say+ t travell]s meet+ toge!r 9 ?is social mann] w\ld communicate to ea* o!r _! v>i\s voyages1 & w\ld /imulate ea* o!r to fur!r discov]ies2 t al?\gh a m]e social club 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 9 "t "s good w\ld result1 & t 9 ! end a regul> sci5tific society might be e/abli%$ = ! promotion ( geography4 ,he accord+ly collect$ toge!r all ! di/+ui%$ travell]s ( ! day1 naval1 milit>y1 & civil1 & a mo/ delightful society x 02 ! result cle>ly prov$ ,sir ,ar?ur ,brooke's sagacity1 = f ! ,raleigh ,club 0 orig9at$ ! ,royal ,geographical ,society4 ,i am n q c]ta9 ) :om ! idea fir/ orig9at$1 b ,i recollect t at "o meet+1 :51 among/ o!rs1 ! late di/+ui%$ travell] & ,secret>y to ! ,admiralty1 ,sir ,john ,b>r[1 0 pres5t1 an animat$ conv]sation took place1 to ! effect t ! ,raleigh ,club _h be5 9 exi/5ce _m ye>s1 & a v agreeable club x 02 b1 except amus+ ea* o!r ) our adv5tures1 we _h done no?+ t[>ds promot+ our orig9al int5tion1 :i* 0 to /imulate discov]y 9 =eign l&s1 & to ext5d ! k ( geography ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,i ?9k ,sir ,john ,b>r[ !n said1 8,:y _c we e/abli% a real geographical society1 & read pap]s1 & publi% transactions1 l o!r sci5tific societies80 ,! idea caught at once3 ! :ole ( ! memb]s !n pres5t applaud$ x1 & resolv$ to c>ry x into effect4 ,a committee 0 appo9t$1 & e memb]1 ,i ?9k1 ( ! club jo9$4 ,a g5]al meet+ 0 !n call$1 memb]s soon jo9$1 & ,sir ,john ,b>r[ 0 appo9t$ fir/ presid5t2 a c\ncil & vice-presid5ts 7 *os51 a h\se 0 tak5 9 ,wat]loo ,place1 ,colonel ,jackson 0 *os5 secret>y1 a royal *>t] 0 appli$ = & obta9$1 & ! society 0 duly in/itut$1 "u ! "n ( ! ,royal ,geographical ,society4 ,?is society1 l all o!rs 9 _! infancy1 _h a good deal to cont5d )2 x w5t on well = a "t1 b at l5g? x began to langui%4 ,x requir$ "s man ( weight & influ5ce to devote 8 "t to x1 to enli/ ! ,gov]nm5t he>tily 9 ! cause1 & to make x und]/& t x 0 its int]e/1 on ! "p ( ! public1 to promote ! ,society by e means 9 its p[]4 ,=tunately1 at t "t ! ,society _h 9 ,sir ,rod]ick ,mur*ison ! v man mo/ compet5t to und]take ?is ardu\s (fice4 ,he work$ h>d2 he conv9c$ ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! utility ( ! ,society1 & ! _m advantages t w\ld be af=d$ by its exi/5ce1 z x c\ld collect in=mation ^u all geographical subjects1 at f> less exp5se ?an c\ld be obta9$ by any ,gov]nm5t e/abli%m5t2 x w\ld1 moreov]1 /imulate travell]s to increas$ ex]tions1 & accumulate a fund ( geographical in=mation--k t is s important to a comm]cial c\ntry l our own4 ,! !n head ( ! ,gov]nm5t 0 s mu* /ruck by ! repres5tations made to him ( ! value ( ! ,society & ( ! advantage x w\ld be to ! ,gov]nm5t1 t he resolv$ 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons to grant #ejjl4 a ye> 9 aid ( its funds4 ,?is at once reviv$ ! memb]s' spirits2 !y />t$1 z x 7 afre%2 ! ,society became exce$+ly popul>1 & !re 0 no end ( applications to be enroll$ z memb]s1 bo? f ladies & g5tlem51 & ev] s9ce !n x has be5 "o ( ! mo/1 if n ! mo/1 popul> societies ( ! day4 ,! old ,raleigh ,club1 f :i* ! ,geographical ,society orig9at$1 hav+ done its duty1 & mo/ ( its orig9al memb]s hav+ succumb$ to "t1 !re 0 no long] any necessity = its exi/5ce2 b z all sci5tific societies h _! d9+ clubs1 :i* meet on ! days ( ! societies' meet+s1 x 0 resolv$ to m]ge ! ,raleigh into ! ,geographical ,club4 ,9 ! ye> #ahbd1 ,john ,wilson ,crok]1 ,esq41 orig9at$ ! ,a!num ,club1 = m5 di/+ui%$ 9 sci5ce1 lit]ature1 & art1 & ask$ me to become a memb]4 ,i 0 only too happy to be associat$ ) su* a company z he collect$ toge!r4 ,sir ,humphry ,davy1 9 ! ye> #ahbe1 orig9at$ ! ,zoological ,society1 & ask$ me to jo91 :i* ,i did mo/ will+ly1 & p]haps x has be5 ! mo/ popul> & successful ( any mod]n society ( t k9d4 ,x comm5c$ op]ations by pur*as+ ! well-kn[n ,cross collection ( ,exet] ',*ange1 9 :i* 9 my e>ly days ,i took an especial delight2 =1 consid]+ all ?+s1 x 0 a v wond]ful collection1 & x is difficult to und]/& h[1 9 su* a conf9$ & unheal?y spot1 x c\ld h be5 ma9ta9$ 9 su* good condition4 ,! only o!r exhibition ( ! k9d 9 ,london 0 at ! ,t[]2 ! collection ( animals !re consi/$ ( pres5ts f ! sov]eigns ( diff]5t c\ntries4 ,^! 7 aft]w>ds l5t to ! ,zoological ,society1 :o e/abli%$ _! museum 9 ! ,reg5t's ,p>k1 &1 tak+ x altoge!r1 x is probably ! f9e/ & be/ ma9ta9$ 9 ! _w4 #d ,! bla/-pipe1 also1 0 "o ( ! mo/ important improvem5ts4 ,previ\s to ?is inv5tion x 0 necess>y to employ bell[s to keep up ! fire 9 ! boil]1 & ^! 7 work$ by ! eng9e1 s t a good deal ( p[] 0 wa/$ 9 ord] to keep ! furnace go+1 & ! great] ! spe$1 ! great] ! p[] necess>y to "w ! bell[s2 moreov]1 ! wa/e /eam eject$ f ! cyl9d]s 0 con/antly puff+ out 9 ! faces ( ! driv]s1 s t !y c\ld n see cle>ly be=e !m4 ,?is 0 a great annoyance1 :i* !y 7 mo/ anxi\s to get rid (1 b nobody seem$ to "k h[4 ,at la/1 ei!r ,/eph5son1 ,hackwor?1 or ,boo?1 or somebody else1 :il/ driv+ an eng9e1 & be+ mu* annoy$ by ! bl[+ 9 _! faces1 said1 8,conf\nd ! /eam2 let u s5d x up ! *imney40 ,a pipe 0 accord+ly made1 connect+ ! cyl9d] ) ! *imney1 s t ! dis*>g$ /eam might be eject$ ?r\gh x into ! *imney4 ,:5 ?is alt]ation 0 made1 ! eng9e 0 aga9 tri$1 & to _! a/oni%m5t !y n only got rid ( ! annoyance ( ! /eam1 b ! bell[s 7 ( no use1 & ! fa/] ! eng9e w5t ! m vigor\s became ! fire4 ,^u ?9k+ ov] ?is coolly1 ! my/]y 0 soon expla9$1 = ! hot /eam be+ dis*>g$ into ! comp>atively cold *imney1 a vacuum 0 produc$1 & ! air ru%$ ?r\gh ! furnace to fill up ! vacuum2 ! fa/] ! eng9e w5t ! great] ! am\nt ( /eam s5t up ! *imney1 & ! m active ! draught ?r\gh ! furnace4 ,! bell[s became :olly unnecess>y1 s mu* p[] 0 sav$1 & ! nuisance ( ! escap+ /eam 0 entirely got rid (4 ,?is 0 really a great /ep t[>ds 9 r5d]+ ! locomotive m effective2 & x is v difficult to asc]ta9 to :om ! improvem5t is ju/ly due4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,travels 9 ! ,nor? ( ,europe & ,spa94 ,hav+ be5 v h>d work$1 & be+ 9 bad heal?1 ow+ to my /ill suff]+ f ! effects ( my fall into ! c(f]dam ( ,london ,bridge1 ,i felt ! necessity = "s relaxation4 ,i !re=e made my arrangem5ts = a %ort cont95tal t\r1 resolv+ to visit ! nor? ( ,europe4 ,adh]+ to my orig9al plan1 ,i %all only m5tion ^? places & occurr5ces :i*1 = p>ticul> reasons1 ,i ?9k1 may possess "s little int]e/1 & %all pass ov] ! ord9>y descriptions ( places & ?+s :i* are n[ s well kn[n z to be hackney$4 ,my j\rney1 pr9cipally by sea1 f ,london to ,/4 ,pet]sburg pass$ )\t incid5t1 except t (f ! ,isl& ( ,bornholm we met ! ,russian fleet1 consi/+ ( sev5 sail ( ! l9e4 ,x 0 a f9e sight1 & ! %ips seem$ well h&l$2 b "o l9e-(-battle %ip 9 go+ ab\t miss$ /ays1 & got into :at ! sailors t]m irons1 t is to say1 %e w\ld move nei!r way4 ,our sailors laugh$ he>tily1 & we c\ld see by ! signals made f ! flag-%ip t ! admiral 0 v mu* annoy$4 ,on bo>d ! /eam] ,i made acqua9tance ) ,lieut5ant ,conolly1 :o int5d$ to take ! r\te f ,/4 ,pet]sburg ov]l& to ,india--a p>ticul>ly difficult & dang]\s j\rney2 b ,conolly 0 an intellig5t1 ard5t1 & c\rage\s p]son1 anxi\s = in=mation1 & ambiti\s to explore a r\te :i* _h h>dly ev] be5 und]tak5 be=e2 b he un=tunately fell a victim to 8 ambition4 ,he 0 a little man1 det]m9$ & en]getic1 capable ( und]go+ great fatigue1 & a v agreeable & sociable companion4 ,he & ,i took to ea* o!r & became great fri5ds1 & ent]ta9$ ! pleas+ idea ( meet+ aga9 aft] 8 return f ,india2 b ?is nev] took place1 = he 0 murd]$ ) 8 companions4 ,conolly & ,i got our luggage toge!r z soon z possible aft] l&+1 & drove to ! ,gr& ,hotel1 :i* 0 !n a sort ( b>rack or c>avans]ai1 ne> ! ,newski ,prospect4 ,be=e see+ ! city1 ,i pres5t$ ! v>i\s lett]s ( introduction ) :i* ,i _h be5 provid$2 among/ o!rs 7 sev]al f my old fri5d1 ,*evali] ,b5kaus51 ! ,russian ,consul-,g5]al 9 ,london4 ,i fir/ call$ ^u ,"l ,heytesbury1 our ambassador1 :om ,i _h previ\sly kn[n z ,mr4 ,abbott1 at ,naples1 by :om ,i 0 mo/ cordially welcom$4 ,i also wait$ ^u all ! au?orities1 & 0 well receiv$ by !m2 b ! p]son to :om ,i 0 mo/ indebt$ 0 my fri5d1 ,g5]al ,wilson1 a s5sible ,scot*man1 :o _h ent]$ ! ,civil ,s]vice ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 z eng9e] to ! cotton1 gun1 & g5]al iron manufactures1 = :i* he _h erect$ a l>ge e/abli%m5t at ,kolpnau1 ab\t #ac or #ad miles f ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,?is place ,i visit$ ) him2 x 0 v complete1 = ! ,emp]or ,ni*olas1 :o 0 at times v fond ( ,engli%m5 & ev]y?+ ,engli%1 _h tak5 ,wilson & 8 e/abli%m5t "u 8 especial protection1 & _h giv5 him au?ority to incur any reasonable exp5diture to make x p]fect4 ,wilson1 !re=e1 import$ ! newe/ & mo/ improv$ ma*9es & tools ( e k9d f ,engl&1 & obta9$ also ! be/ ( ,engli% workm54 ,! cotton manufactories 7 ^u a mo/ ext5sive & impos+ scale2 9 f9e build+s1 ) ho/s ( employs1 !y 7 conduct$ 9 ! true imp]ial /yle1 t is1 ) great %[1 b little pr(it4 ,/ill1 !y 7 n )\t _! advantages2 !y 7 ! means ( tra9+ a set ( native workm51 :o1 al?\gh n inv5tive1 are excell5t imitators1 consequ5tly aft] a "t _! s]vices mu/ h be5 valuable4 ,! same may be said ( ! iron manufactories1 p>ticul>ly z ,russia has "s ( ! ri*e/ iron m9es1 & !y only require skill$ workm5 to develop !m to _! utmo/2 ,wilson contribut$ mat]ially t[>ds ?is2 & x 0 impossible to h select$ a bett] man = ?is purpose4 ,he possess$ a calm ev5 temp]1 firm1 b j1 & conciliat+1 ) a compet5t k ( :at he und]took to p]=m1 )\t possess+ any consid]able am\nt ( inv5tion4 ,he spoke ! ,russian language l a native1 besides ,fr5* & ,g]man4 ,he !re=e mo/ ju/ly possess$ a good deal ( influ5ce1 & 0 ?or\ghly lik$ & respect$1 f ! humble/ workman "u 8 ord]s up to ! ,emp]or1 :o 0 v fond ( him4 ,la/ly1 he 0 ?or\ghly hone/1 a r>e ?+ 9 ,russia 9 ^? days1 :]e peculation 0 rife f ! highe/ to ! l[e/2 & if ,wilson _h foll[$ ! univ]sal example1 :i* he might h done ) impunity1 he w\ld h made a l>ge =tune2 b aft] _m ye>s' s]vice he di$ comp>atively poor4 ,al?\gh any?+ b a milit>y man1 he 0 a g5]al 9 ! ,russian s]vice1 & 0 decorat$ ) sev]al />s & ord]s4 ,all p]sons (ficially employ$ l ,wilson _h milit>y rank2 he conceal$ ?is z mu* z he c\ld2 b 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburg he 0 always oblig$ to we> uni=m1 & z !re 7 gu>dh\ses 9 almo/ e /reet1 :5ev] he pass$ ! gu>d turn$ out to salute him1 :i* annoy$ him mu*4 ,!re 0 ano!r rem>kable ,scot*man1 ( ! "n ( ,baird1 ) :om ,i made acqua9tance4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 a totally diff]5t "*--a %rewd1 intellig5t1 clev]1 active1 indefatigable p]son1 :olly devot$ to mak+ money4 ,he 0 9 con/ant communication ) ,engl&2 & z soon z a pat5t 0 tak5 out !re = any new inv5tion1 if x 0 applicable 9 ,russia he at once import$ & pat5t$ x1 & ?us obta9$ a monopoly4 ,he cultivat$1 ) ! greate/ tact & assiduity1 all ! (ficials1 f ! highe/ to ! l[e/1 z well z all p]sons ( any influ5ce1 & _h a ?or\gh und]/&+ ) !m1 p>ticul>ly ) ! police & (fic]s ( cu/oms2 ?us he contriv$ to ga9 ! greate/ influ5ce1 & secur$ almo/ a monopoly ( ev]y?+ wor? hav+4 ,if ev] ! ,gov]nm5t 0 desir\s ( contract+ = any l>ge "w1 ,baird 0 almo/ sure ( obta9+ x1 at ! be/ price4 ,:e!r 8 num]\s fri5ds 7 int]e/$ 9 ! pr(its result+ f ^! multif>i\s und]tak+s is be/ kn[n to himself2 b accord+ to ! ord9>y practice ( human nature1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,russia at t "t1 ev]ybody endeav\r$ to make ! mo/ he c\ld1 & x is probable t !re 0 no exception 9 ?is case2 b suffice to say t ,baird made a v l>ge =tune1 ) :i* he retir$ to 8 native c\ntry2 & we mu/ n omit to m5tion t ,baird1 :il/ b5efit+ himself1 0 ( ! greate/ s]vice to ,russia1 & t5d$ mat]ially to advance h] prosp]ity by ! num]\s valuable inv5tions he introduc$1 & by tra9+ ! natives1 & incit+ !m & urg+ !m to make all sorts ( improvem5ts1 :i*1 )\t su* a man1 w\ld nev] h be5 und]tak51 s t nobody grudg$ 8 weal?1 & he left ! c\ntry to :i* he _h be5 a real b5efactor univ]sally lik$ & e/eem$4 ,z to myself1 p]sonally1 ,i feel mu* indebt$ to him2 ?r\gh 8 k9dness ,i _h ! opportunity ( kn[+ _m p]sons & see+ _m ?+s :i* o!rwise w\ld h be5 out ( my p[]4 ,i frequ5tly d9$ at ! cafs & re/aurants :5 n o!rwise engag$1 & at "s ( ! be/ ( !m met p]sons ( ! fir/ class1 :o 7 always v well br$ & polite4 ,"o day ,i d9$ at "o ( ! be/ table d'htes1 :5 sev]al p]sons ( high rank 7 pres5t1 & among/ !m a "y naval (fic] ( good family4 ,among/ o!r subjects ( conv]sation1 ! rec5t tak+ ( ,v>na came =w>d1 & ! naval (fic] seem$ to speak r disp>ag+ly ( x4 ,i obs]v$ "o ( ! sup]ior wait]s look+ at him & li/5+ att5tively = "s "t1 !n he quietly w5t up to him & :isp]$ a few words 9 8 e>1 :i* my neighb\r told me 0 an ord] to hold 8 tongue1 = su* conv]sation w\ld n be all[$4 ,! fact 0 t all ^! wait]s 7 employ$ by1 or 9 ! pay (1 ! police1 & all conv]sations 7 report$4 ,! "y naval (fic] held 8 tongue imm$iately1 & ! p>ty broke up v %ortly aft]w>ds1 & ,i 0 told t ! matt] w\ld n end !re4 ,i took ! h9t also1 = no?+ 0 m dang]\s ?an to talk politics1 & ,i avoid$ !m ev] aft]4 ,9 consid]+ ! position ( ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 x is1 p]haps1 difficult to f9d a m inconv5i5t & unheal?y spot = a great seaport t[n ?an t *os5 = ! ,russian capital1 at ! m\? ( ! ,neva1 at ! head ( ! ,gulf ( ,f9l&1 :]e !re is no tide1 & :]e ! greate/ dep? ov] ! b> is only sev5 feet1 s t none b vessels ( a small class c asc5d ! riv]4 ,h5ce1 ?\gh )9 ! b> !re is ample dep? ( wat] at all times1 l>ge m]cantile vessels are oblig$ to /op at ,cron/adt1 sev5 miles di/ant1 & !re dis*>ge _! c>goes1 :i* are transf]r$ to ,/4 ,pet]sburg 9 light]s2 9 l mann] !y receive _! c>goes f ! capital2 ?is1 ( c\rse1 is att5d$ ) great delay & consid]able exp5se4 ,moreov]1 dur+ ! preval5ce ( /rong we/]ly w9ds1 ! wat]s ( ! ,gulf ( ,f9l& are heap$ up at ! upp] end1 & ^? ( ! ,neva are driv5 back1 s t x frequ5tly happ5s t a l>ge portion ( ! city is inundat$2 & 9 ,novemb]1 9 ! ye> #ahbg1 a t]rible example ( ?is occurr$4 ,9 _m p>ts ( ! city ! wat]s rose m ?an f\rte5 feet1 _m ?\s& p]sons 7 dr[n$1 & a va/ am\nt ( valuable prop]ty 0 de/roy$4 ,^! inundations might be avoid$1 & ! port improv$ to a consid]able ext5t1 al?\gh x w\ld necess>ily require a v great exp5diture4 ,/ill ! object to be ga9$ is ( su* importance t e reasonable means %\ld be adopt$ to effect x1 & comp>$ ) ! enorm\s sums :i* h be5 exp5d$ 9 e/abli%+ ?is capital1 ! co/ ( improv+ ! port w\ld appe> trifl+4 ,cron/adt is1 prop]ly speak+1 ! port ( ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,"h all vessels1 :e!r ( w> or m]*&ise1 mu/ /op2 & ! s\!rn side ( ! isl&1 :]e !re is ! deepe/ wat]1 f #bd to #bg feet1 has be5 *os5 z ! site = ! naval ars5al1 z well z ! port = m]*ant vessels1 :]e docks _h be5 made :5 ,i 0 !re by enclos+ a portion ( ! wat] space f ! gulf2 ! two bas9s or h>b\rs 7 close toge!r1 sep>at$ only by a p>tition wall4 ,! accommodation = ! m]cantile vessels1 al?\gh n small1 nev]!less 0 9 a rude /ate1 devoid ( ! usual me*anical appliances :i* we h = _m ye>s be5 s accu/om$ to 9 ,engl&4 ,! naval ars5al1 :i* 0 made 9 ! "t ( ,pet] ! ,great1 & 0 consid]$ p]fect at ! "t x 0 made1 consi/s ( a long canal lead+ f ! out] to a small circul> bas94 ,connect$ ) ?is !re 7 f\r dry docks = ! l9e-(-battle %ips ( t p]iod4 ,f ?is ! circul> bas9 on ! ea/ side 0 connect$ ) two o!r dry docks2 & ar\nd ^! canals1 bas9 & docks1 !re 7 sev]al /oreh\ses & magaz9es2 b ^u ! :ole !y 7 badly arrang$4 ,i may "h z well m5tion t my bro!r & myself aft]w>ds1 at ! reque/ ( ! ,emp]or1 design$ a complete naval e/abli%m5t = ?is place1 utiliz+ z mu* z we c\ld ( ! old con/ruction1 & ?is design1 ,i believe1 0 to "s ext5t adopt$4 ,we aft]w>ds built f\r iron /eamboats1 ) _! eng9es1 = ! ,caspian ,sea1 :i* 7 ! fir/ ev] afloat !re4 ,^! vessels 7 built 9 ,engl&1 !n tak5 to pieces1 & s5t ) ! requisite numb] ( workm5 to ,odessa4 ,!nce by l& !y 7 transport$ to ! ,caspian1 :]e !y 7 aga9 put toge!r1 ) _! eng9es1 & answ]$ _! purpose well4 ,we aft]w>ds made ! iron gates = ! docks ( ,seba/opol1 a pair ( :i* 7 subsequ5tly br\ght to ,engl& & ,france z w> trophies4 ,we also con/ruct$ sev]al vessels ( w>1 work$ by ! screw1 = ! ,baltic & ,black ,seas2 among/ o!rs a ya*t = ! ,emp]or1 to review 8 fleets 9 ! ,gulf ( ,f9l&1 z well z = pleasure excursions4 ,?is 0 a small vessel1 ab\t #bfj tons1 ) a pair ( oscillat+ eng9es ( ! nom9al p[] ( #abj horses1 al?\gh capable ( work+ up to ?ree times t p[]1 & mak+ fully #ad knots an h\r4 ,%e 0 fitt$ up pla9ly b v neatly4 ,f circum/ances ov] :i* we _h no control1 ! completion 0 prolong$ to a lat] p]iod ( ! ye> ?an we anticipat$2 & x 0 n be=e ! middle ( ,octob]1 #ahej1 t we 7 ready to leave ,engl&1 :5 my bro!r & 8 son ,george det]m9$ to g ) h] & deliv] h] 9 p]son4 ,%e 0 well insur$1 & 0 navigat$ by an ,engli% capta9--:o1 ,i obs]v$ at ! "t1 0 n a v %>p fell[--& an ,engli% crew4 ,z %e 0 a small vessel %e _h to take a consid]able quantity ( coals on deck1 :i* br\ght h] d[n beyond h] usual l9e ( floatation4 ,i w5t ) h] z f> z ,graves5d1 & saw !m fairly on _! voyage1 b be=e %e rea*$ ! ,baltic %e enc\nt]$ a sev]e /orm1 :5 %e behav$ admirably4 ,at ,cop5hag5 %e took 9 m coals1 & />t$ aga91 & 9 ! ,baltic enc\nt]$ ano!r sev]e /orm1 :i* %e got ?r\gh equally z well z be=e4 ,! wea!r !n became f9e1 & !y ?\ght t all _! tr\bles 7 ov]4 ,! la/ /orm _h driv5 h] consid]ably out ( h] c\rse1 :i* ! capta9 _h n tak5 a correct acc\nt (2 & "o f9e />light night1 ab\t t5 o'clock1 !y 7 /eam+ away ) a smoo? sea1 at ! rate ( ab\t #aj to #ab knots an h\r1 :5 ! eng9e]1 putt+ 8 head out ( ! eng9e-h\se to enjoy ! f9e ev5+1 sudd5ly call$ out1 8,i ?9k ,i see l&10 & w5t at once to ! capta94 ,! capta9 said1 8,x is impossible4 ,we _c be ne>] l& ?an #cj or #dj miles40 ,! capta9 & ! ,russian (fic] & my bro!r 7 at ! "t 9 ! cab9 tak+ _! grog com=tably be=e go+ to b$4 ,b he quickly w5t ^u deck & soon discov]$ 8 error1 & ord]$ ! vessel to be put ab\t2 b be=e ?is c\ld be done %e /ruck ^u a rock1 & 9 spite ( all _! endeav\rs %e c\ld n be got (f4 ,! ,russian (fic] decl9$ tak+ any ( ! responsibility1 say+ x lay ) ! capta91 & he w\ld h no?+ to d ) x4 ,at daylight !y f\nd !mselves h>d & fa/ ^u ! ,isl& ( ,dago4 ,my bro!r1 f9d+ t no?+ c\ld be done to get ! vessel (f1 resolv$ ) 8 son to make 8 way at once to ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 & report ! loss ( ! vessel4 ,z ! w9t] _h begun1 ! j\rney 0 att5d$ ) consid]able difficulty4 ,h[ev]1 !y rea*$ ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 & _h an audi5ce ( ! ,emp]or ,ni*olas1 :o1 :5 he he>d ! /ory1 laugh$ he>tily1 & said1 8,n[1 if ?is _h occurr$ "u ! comm& ( ,russian (fic]s & sailors1 :at w\ld ! ,engli% h said8 :y1 t no wond] an accid5t _h occurr$1 :5 ! vessel 0 confid$ to ^? /upid fell[s1 ! ,russians4 ,n[1 y see1 x has happ5$ ) ! ,engli%2 & !y1 ) all _! pret5d$ k1 don't "k ! ,baltic yet1 & are m /upid ?an ! ,russians40 ,aga9 he laugh$ he>tily1 & said1 8,i am delight$ to f9d t my sailors are1 aft] all1 z clev] z ! ,engli%1 & "u ! circum/ances ,i am n sorry t ! ya*t is lo/4 ,x w tea* ! ,engli% 9 future n to be s pr\d ( _! k1 & to give ! ,russians cr$it = kn[+ ! ,baltic z well z !y d40 ,al?\gh ! ya*t 0 wreck$1 we lo/ no?+1 nei!r did ! ,emp]or1 = he 0 insur$ to ! full1 & we receiv$ an ord] to make ano!r ( precisely ! same size4 ,! und]writ]s1 z soon z !y he>d ( ! accid5t1 s5t out a clev] fell[1 ,capta9 ,f>r1 :o1 ^u arriv+ at ! spot :]e ! vessel 0 /r&$1 f\nd t %e _h n receiv$ mu* damage2 he1 !re=e1 f9d+ t ! season 0 too f> advanc$ to take h] back to ,engl&1 or ev5 to get h] into any ,baltic port1 at once weigh$ h] & !n sank h] 9 deep] wat] 9 ord] t %e might be protect$ dur+ ! w9t]4 ,9 ! spr+ he return$1 weigh$ h] aga91 & took h] to ,revel1 :]e he repair$ ! trifl+ damage %e _h receiv$1 !n return$ ) h] to ,engl&1 call+ at ,hamburg on 8 way1 & f !nce %e made a quick] voyage t _h ev] be5 made be=e4 ,i saw h] 9 ! ,ea/ ,india ,dock1 & %e look$ q new2 & unless ,i _h kn[n ,i %\ld nev] h suppos$ t %e _h be5 /r&$1 & be5 a :ole w9t] "u wat] 9 ! ,baltic4 ,%e aft]w>ds sold1 ,i ?9k1 = #ijjjl41 hav+ orig9ally co/ #ad1jjjl42 & z ! insur]s _h be5 paid ne>ly #djjjl4 = ! orig9al insurance1 ! und]writ]s sc>cely lo/ any?+4 ,?us we ga9$ consid]ably by ! accid5t1 hav+ to make two ya*ts in/ead ( "o1 & nei!r ! ,emp]or nor ! und]writ]s lo/ any?+4 ,leav+ ,/4 ,pet]sburg ,i />t$ = ,mosc[1 trav]s+ #djj miles ( mo/ un9t]e/+ c\ntry 9 an op5 dros*ky1 drawn at ! rate ( #aj miles an h\r--z ,i paid lib]ally--by f\r horses abrea/4 ,! only noticeable place ,i pass$ ?r\gh 0 ,novogorod1 a consid]able t[n1 ) a good deal ( activity1 & app>5tly an ext5sive trade4 ,"h ! two great wat]-c>riage sy/ems met1 connect+ ! ,baltic ) ! ,black ,sea1 & also ) ! ,caspian4 ,! canals 7 cr[d$ ) vessels lad5 ) ! products ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/2 natives f ! ,ea/ clad 9 _! fl[+ g>m5ts1 ,t>t>s1 ) _! b[s & arr[s1 ,cossacks f ! ,don1 ,arm5ian1 ,greek1 & ,turki% m]*ants1 & ! nev]-fail+ ,jew1 ,engli%1 ,fr5*1 & ,g]mans1 all mix$ toge!r1 & c>ry+ on _! p>ticul> bus9ess1 =m$ a v amus+ & busy sc5e4 ,i contriv$ to get a tol]able d9n] !re1 ! only "o des]v+ ( ! "n s9ce ,i left ,pet]sburg2 ,i devot$ two or ?ree h\rs to look+ ov] ! canal-works1 :i*1 = t "t1 7 n badly execut$1 b ! t[n conta9$ no?+ rem>kable4 ,on rea*+ ,mosc[1 :at /ruck me mo/ 0 ! ,ea/]n appe>ance ( ! inhabitants1 p>ticul>ly :5 comp>$ ) ! extremely mod]n look ( ! t[n itself4 ,! ,kreml91 ( c\rse1 ,i ne$ n describe4 ,i visit$ ! celebrat$ ,rid+ ,h\se1 :i* is #abjj feet long1 cov]$ by a wood5 ro(1 ( ! s+le span ( #bdj feet2 x is )\t d\bt ! f9e/ & l>ge/ %$ 9 ! _w1 & a spl5did piece ( c>p5try1 well wor? go+ "s di/ance to see4 ,x is frequ5tly us$ = review+ troops 9 unfav\rable wea!r1 & x is said t t5 ?\s& m5 c g ?r\gh _! ex]cises "u its %elt]4 ,on my way f ,mosc[ to ,w>saw ,i _h no idea t ?is great road--"o ( ! pr9cipal 9 ,russia1 &1 ^u ! :ole1 n ?r\gh an unproductive c\ntry--,i %\ld f9d s totally unprovid$ ) any?+ = ! accommodation ( travell]s4 ,9 ^? days ,i c]ta9ly did n expect mu*1 & hav+ travell$ 9 m b>b>\s c\ntries1 ,i c\ld submit *e]fully to a good deal2 b ,i c]ta9ly did n expect t x w\ld be s bad z ,i f\nd x1 & !re=e ,i c>ri$ little ) me1 contr>y to my usual practice4 ,?is ,i c]ta9ly rep5t$ (1 = our f>e 0 mo/ mis]able2 if we got eggs1 butt]1 *eese1 & bread1 we ?\ght ourselves lucky1 ?\gh sometimes we got bett] provisions2 h[ev]1 p]haps x 0 well1 = al?\gh ill :5 ,i />t$1 ,i began to get bett]1 & slept s\ndly4 ,my man ,weiss consol$ himself ) pl5ty ( vodki1 & consid]+ ! r\gh f>e we got ,i c\ld n altoge!r blame him4 ,we pass$ ,smol5ski1 & a v poor place x 02 !re 0 no?+ l an hotel1 nor any accommodation = travell]s4 ,al?\gh sev5te5 ye>s _h elaps$ s9ce ! invasion ( ! ,fr5* 9 #ahab1 ! rema9s ( ! fire & battle :i* took place :5 ! ,fr5* captur$ x 7 /ill v visible4 ,:5 we ent]$ ,pol& cultivation appe>$ to be c>ri$ on m ext5sively & ) great] skill1 & ! p seem$ m intellig5t2 we pass$ sev]al l>ge proprietors' h\ses4 ,at ,w>saw ,i att5d$ a review ( ! g>rison1 9 ! ,great ,squ>e1 9 hon\r ( ! rec5t victories ( ! ,russians ov] ! ,turks4 ,x consi/$ ( ab\t twelve ?\s& m5 ( all arms1 comm&$ by ! ,gr& ,duke ,con/ant9e1 ! ,vic]oy4 ,i nev] saw f9] troops 9 my life1 nor any t manuvr$ bett]4 ,be=e ! review mass 0 said 9 _! mid/1 & :5 ,te ,deum 0 sung by ! :ole ( ! m5--& !y sang x ) great skill--! effect 0 v f9e1 & 0 r5d]$ /ill m s by a salvo ( "o hundr$ & "o guns1 fir$ f ! =ts4 ,i return$ rapidly ?r\gh ,g]many1 & rea*$ home aft] an abs5ce ( sixty-five days1 dur+ :i* p]iod ,i _h travell$ ne>ly ?irty nights4 ,i imm$iately visit$ ,london ,bridge1 & f\nd ev]y?+ go+ on well4 ,9 fact1 dur+ my abs5ce my bro!r ,george _h dilig5tly look$ aft] my bus9ess z well z 8 own4 ,my bro!r ,george m>ri$ ! only daught] ( ,sir ,john ,jackson1 ,b>t41 9 ,june #ahbh4 ,i _h !n tak5 a h\se = myself1 ,no4 #ae1 ,:itehall ,place1 :]e my two y\ng] bro!rs1 ,mat!w & ,james1 liv$ ) me = ab\t a c\ple ( ye>s4 ,at ?is "t1 z a ba*elor1 ,i saw a good deal ( society1 & made acqua9tance ) mo/ ( ! celebrat$ sci5tific m5 ( ! day1 also ! lead+ lit]ati1 arti/s1 pa9t]s1 & sculptors4 ,9 fact1 :5 ,i c\ld te> myself away f my bus9ess ,i pass$ my "t mo/ agreeably & pr(itably 9 t di/+ui%$ society4 ,i numb]$ among/ my acqua9tance ,sir ,h4 ,davy1 ,dr4 ,"y1 ,wolla/on1 ,dawes1 ,gilb]t1 ,sir ,a4 ,coop]1 ,sir ,d4 ,home1 ,laur5ce1 ,gre5e1 ,playfair1 ,leslie1 ,:ewell1 ,peacock1 ,hopk9s1 ,li/on1 ,b>l[1 ,irv+1 ,bailey1 ,colby1 ,p>ley1 ,s$gwick1 ,gre5\gh1 ,delabe*e1 ,mee*am1 ,lyell1 ,br&e1 ,f>aday1 ,*ri/ie1 ,all51 ,pepys1 ,sir ,james ,m',into%1 ,w4 ,w4 ,scott1 ,j4 ,w4 ,crok]1 ,j4 ,b>r[1 ,sir ,s4 ,raffles1 ,m>sd51 ,sir ,f4 ,*antrey1 ,sir ,t4 ,lawr5ce1 ,turn]1 ,calcott1 ,/ansfield1 ,behnes1 ,*alon1 ,sir ,a4 ,m4 ,%ee1 ,ea/lake1 ,v>ley1 ,m>t91 ,philips1 ,!odore ,hook1 ,samuel ,rog]s1 ,s\!y1 ,rob]t ,br[n1 ,hallam1 ,sir ,a4 ,alison1 ,sir ,j4 ,p>ry1 ,sir ,j4 ,frankl91 ,sir ,john ,ross1 ! late ,sir ,j4 ,lubbock1 ! late ,admiral ,fitzroy1 ,pr(essor ,ow51 & _m o!rs1 & la/1 n lea/1 ,mrs4 ,som]ville4 ,among/ =eign]s--,humboldt1 ,laplace1 ,cuvi]1 ,arago1 ,pr+1 ,g]>d1 ,c>d9al ,mezz(auit1 ,mail5ette1 ,wree-,vik+1 & ,von ,breek4 ,9 #ahcc1 hav+ n[ complet$ ,london1 ,hyde ,p>k1 ,/a9es1 & ,crammond bridges1 ! great naval works at ,%e]ness1 ,woolwi*1 & ,*a?am1 ! ,victuall+ ,dep>tm5t1 or ,royal ,william ,y>d1 & a l>ge portion ( ! breakwat] at ,plym\?1 ,sund]l&1 ,port ,patrick1 ,donaghadee1 ,port ,ru%1 & a l>ge portion ( ,k+/[n ,h>b\rs1 ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut1 ! ,n5e ,outfall1 ! ,)am ,outfall1 ! ,an*olme ,dra9age1 & sev]al o!r m9or works1 ,i 0 almo/ knock$ up1 & 0 recomm5d$ to take ano!r cont95tal j\rney = recreation4 ,z ,i _h nev] se5 ,spa9 ,i det]m9$ to g !re1 & accord+ly />t$ 9 ! mail = ,falm\?1 & rea*$ ,cadiz on ! fif? day4 ,:il/ at ,gibralt> !re 0 a gr& milit>y & civil fte1 giv5 by ! gov]nor ( ! =t ,algesiras on ! opposite side ( ! bay1 to celebrate ! e/abli%m5t ( ! con/itution1 :5 he invit$ ! gov]nor ( ,gibralt>1 ,sir ,w4 ,h\/on1 "o ( ,k+ ,william ,,iv4's mo/ atta*$ foll[]s1 & :o _h receiv$ me mo/ k9dly1 & all ! (fic]s ( ! g>rison4 ,! gov]nor ( c\rse c\ld n g1 nor all ! (fic]s2 b a consid]able numb] did1 & ,i w5t 9 a boat 9 company ) a numb] ( ! (fic]s ( ! ,rifles1 :ile a great _m rode r\nd by l&4 ,we 7 receiv$ 9 ! mo/ c\rte\s mann] by ! gov]nor & ! ,spani% (fic]s1 & 7 mo/ hospitably ent]ta9$4 ,on leav+ ,gibralt> ,i b>ga9$ ) a respectable ,spani% mulete] nam$ ,manuel1 well kn[n & recomm5d$ by my l&lord1 = ! hire ( f\r good mules1 "o ea* = myself & s]vant1 & two = ! baggage--:i* ,manuel & 8 man occasionally m\nt$ also4 ,my idea 0 to g by ,ronda to ,malaga1 b ,i 0 advis$ n to d x1 z x 0 report$ to be greatly infe/$ by brig&s2 moreov]1 ,spa9 at ! "t ( my visit 0 9 a v di/urb$ /ate on acc\nt ( ! ,c>li/ w>1 & to add to ?is ! *ol]a spread dismay & t]ror 9 mo/ qu>t]s1 s t ! "t 0 v unfav\rable = travel2 /ill ,i det]m9$ to g on1 & tru/$ to ,provid5ce = a happy deliv]ance1 only in/ead ( go+ by ,ronda ,i det]m9$ to take ! coa/ road4 ,we proce$$ ?r\gh a wild1 uncultivat$ c\ntry1 & aft] two days' travell+ rea*$ ,malaga ab\t sunset1 & took up our qu>t]s at a com=table little hotel situat$ 9 a n>r[ /reet ne> ! ,alam$a4 ,"h our consul1 ,mr4 ,m>*1 w>n$ me aga9/ go+ any f>!r )\t wait+ = "s companions2 b z my "t 0 valuable1 ,i ?ank$ him = 8 advice1 & det]m9$ to proce$1 & aft] two days' /ay />t$ aga91 sleep+ ! fir/ night at ,velez1 or ,old ,malaga4 ,aft] supp] ,manuel came 9 & said t !re 7 sev]al suspici\s *>act]s ab\t ! village1 & t1 moreov]1 our arrival _h caus$ "s commotion2 he _h !re=e told ! l&lord t we %\ld />t at daybreak1 b /rongly recomm5d$ our sett+ out two h\rs e>li]4 ,?is we accord+ly did1 & at midday rea*$ ! old ,moori% t[n ( ,alhama1 p]*$ ^u ! summit ( ! pass :i* sep>ates ,malaga f ! vale ( ,granada2 f "h we desc5d$ into ano!r ri* vale1 :i*1 well irrigat$ & cultivat$1 teem$ ) w9e1 oil1 corn1 & fruits1 & 0 fill$ ) villages & *ateaux1 all indicat+ weal? & prosp]ity2 yet )al !re 0 a c]ta9 degree ( wildness int]mix$ ) x1 :i* made x appe> z if !y 7 only half-civiliz$4 ,x 0 long aft] d>k be=e we rea*$ ,granada1 !n we _h to g to ! cu/om-h\se1 :]e ! (fic]s 7 v mu* incl9$ to be tr\blesome2 b ,i made fri5ds 9 ! usual com=table mann]1 & got to a posada ne> ! c5tre ( ! t[n--n a bad place1 & :i* ,i 0 v glad to get into4 ,manuel came 9 :il/ ,i 0 at supp] & congratulat$ me ^u our safe arrival2 he said t = ! la/ two h\rs he expect$ t we %\ld be attack$ e m9ute1 & he !re=e _h urg$ u on z fa/ z possible2 9 fact1 we came latt]ly at ! rate ( ab\t eight miles an h\r1 :i*1 he said1 _h sav$ u4 ,! city ( ,granada1 al?\gh ext5sive1 appe>$ to be1 l mo/ ( ! t[ns ,i !re saw1 9 a /ate ( decad5ce1 little trade1 & consequ5tly no prosp]ity4 ,! lords ( ! soil seldom visit$ _! e/ates1 b left ! :ole to _! factors or manag]s2 & :5 ! proprietor did come1 he seem$ to take no int]e/ 9 8 t5ants or lab\r]s1 b liv$ 9 a half-ru9$ *teau 9 a mis]able mann]1 res]v+ all = %[ & extravagance4 ,manuel said1 t z our r\te lay ?r\gh ! m\nta9s1 & z x 0 v unsafe1 x 0 absolutely necess>y to take "o or two escopot]os or arm$ police1 to escort u at lea/ z f> z ,&uj>3 ?is ,i at once cons5t$ to d1 & we 7 n[ no contemptible p>ty1 consi/+ z we did ( six well-arm$ m54 ,aft] halt+ at midday at ,ja51 we proce$$ ?r\gh an op5 c\ntry1 :i* pres5t$ any?+ b a ?riv+ & prosp]\s appe>ance2 ! peasants 7 return+ f _! lab\r arm$ ) guns1 & !y _h a savage & discont5t$ look4 ,manuel1 :o did n l ! look ( ?+s1 w5t up & spoke to "o ( !m4 ,:5 he came back to me he said t we mu/ n g to ,&uj> t night1 z ! peasant _h told him t !re 0 a /rong b& ( brig&s 9 ! neighb\rhood1 :o _h plund]$ ! c\ntry "r & left1 s t all ! c\ntry p 7 oblig$ to g arm$ & keep toge!r4 ,on he>+ ?is news ,i resolv$ to /op = ! night at a small village ab\t two miles 9 front ( u1 :i* ,manuel said 0 decid$ly ! be/ plan4 ,we halt$ !re a little be=e sunset1 & a wret*$ place x 01 )\t ev5 a v5ta or public inn ( any k9d2 ,i !re=e hir$ "o ( ! mo/ respectable ( ! cottages1 :i* 0 m l a /able or c[h\se ?an any?+ else1 al?\gh x _h a kit*51 & "o or two rooms above/airs2 ! floors 7 ( brok5 brick1 !re 7 no w9d[s1 & only "s planks on tressels = b$s1 ) "o or two brok5 *airs4 ,h[ev]1 we 7 able to pur*ase mat]ials = supp]1 & ) cloaks1 saddles1 & bags v soon made b$s4 ,i confess ,i did n l ! place at all4 ,z we might be attack$ dur+ ! night1 we b>ricad$ ! h\se z well z we c\ld1 & slept 9 our clo!s1 ) our arms ready1 & "o man keep+ wat*4 ,hav+ done ?is we w5t to sleep1 b 7 awoke soon aft] midnight by l\d cries & screams1 & a man began knock+ viol5tly at our door ask+ admittance1 cry+ out t ! robb]s 7 come4 ,we 7 up 9 an in/ant1 prep>$ to give ! rascals a w>m reception4 ,we _h sc>cely made our dispositions = def5ce :5 ! robb]s1 to ! numb] ( at lea/ a doz51 made _! appe>ance1 well arm$1 & dem&$ our money1 horses1 & baggage1 on pa9 ( dea?4 ,^! ,i det]m9$ n to yield1 & defi$ !m4 ,!y1 see+ t we 7 well arm$ & prep>$ = a /\t resi/ance1 hesitat$ = a m9ute2 & ,i1 n wi%+ to pu% matt]s to extremities1 call$ to ,manuel to tell !m1 t z = yield+ to _! dem&s x 0 ridicul\s1 & if !y did n g away at once1 ,i %\ld be jo9$ by "s troops1 & !n e rascal ( !m w\ld be %ot2 b if !y *ose to s5d f\r or five ( _! m5 to escort me t[>ds ,&uj> ,i w\ld pay !m lib]ally4 ,!y !n consult$1 & agre$ to ! proposal1 :5 ,i told !m t ,i %\ld be ready to />t at five 9 ! morn+4 ,accord+ly1 at ! appo9t$ "t1 our fri5ds1 arm$ to ! tee? & well m\nt$--z rascally-look+ a set z ev] "o saw--made _! appe>ance4 ,i gave !m a cig> & glass ( br&y ea*1 :i* put !m 9 good hum\r4 ,i c\ld get on tol]ably ) ,spani%1 & ent]$ into conv]sation ) !m2 !y 7 v agreeable1 & told "s curi\s /ories4 ,manuel came rid+ up to me & told me to be ^u my gu>d1 = t "o nev] c\ld be sure ( !m = a mom5t2 h[ev]1 ,i ?\ght ! be/ plan 0 to %[ no fe>4 ,at n9e o'clock we got to our de/9ation1 at a mis]able village betwe5 ,&uj> & ,cordova1 :]e we w5t to a wret*$ v5ta2 ,i gave !m a breakfa/ ( su* z we c\ld get1 ) cig>s4 ,i paid !m h&somely1 & s we p>t$1 app>5tly ! be/ ( fri5ds4 ,my guide & wor?y fri5d ,manuel1 z we left1 said1 8,y seem to be v well pleas$1 b y don't "k ^! ratt]os4 ,i hope t we h done ) !m1 b ,i v mu* d\bt x2 y h paid !m too well n to make !m wi% = fur!r acqua9tance ) y1 & dep5d ^u x we %all meet !m aga91 :5 we %all p]haps n be s well prep>$40 8,well10 ,i said1 8we h got rid ( !m = ! pres5t1 & if we happ5 to make _! acqua9tance aga91 dep5d ^u x we %all h ! be/ ( x40 ,we jogg$ on all ! day ?r\gh a wild b n uncultivat$ c\ntry2 ! l& 0 ri*--pl5ty ( v9es1 olives1 corn1 maize1 & fruits1 & ev]y?+1 if prop]ly cultivat$1 well calculat$ to make ! p com=table & prosp]\s2 yet ev]y?+ ar\nd d5ot$ mis]y1 pov]ty1 & wret*$ness4 ,:5 ,i talk$ to ! p !y seem$ reasonable en\gh2 !y said t !y toil$ f morn+ to night1 b nev] got paid1 or at lea/ s little t !y c\ld n live ^u x2 & !n1 :at ) ! gov]nm5t taxes & ! prie/s1 x 0 impossible to live1 s t !re 0 no use 9 work+4 ,i c]ta9ly c\ld n help sympa?iz+ ) !m1 = !y are really a f9e g5]\s p1 & if !y 7 prop]ly treat$1 !re is n a f9] race any:]e4 ,un=tunately !re is no middle class1 & ! nobility are completely worn out1 s t ! un=tunate peasants are gr\nd d[n to ! l[e/ mis]y2 yet ) all ?is !re is a nobl5ess1 indep5d5ce1 & endur+ =titude ab\t a ,spani% peasant :i* causes y to admire !m ! m y "k ( !m4 ,i soon recogniz$ _! "*1 & appreciat$ x accord+ly4 ,:5ev] ,i ent]$ a v5ta or posada ,i always made x a po9t to treat ! ho/ & ho/ess ) frankness & c\rtesy z if we 7 equals1 also to %[ myself ready to oblige & to assi/ 9 any prep>ations t might be go+ on4 ,?us ,i secur$ ! utmo/ att5tion1 & !y readily produc$ _! be/ at ! *eape/ rate1 a result :i* no am\nt ( money w\ld h obta9$4 ,b to return to my /ory4 ,:5 )9 sev5 miles ( ,cordova1 :ile pass+ ne> ! small =tress ( ,ercaloro1 at ab\t half-pa/ five 9 ! ev5+1 i4e4 n long be=e sunset1 ,i met a prie/1 :o told me t x w\ld be impossible to proce$1 z he _h obs]v$ five m\nt$ robb]s pr[l+ 9 ! olive woods betwe5 ! =tress & ,cordova1 :o w\ld be c]ta9 to fall ^u u2 & t1 moreov]1 !y 7 9 all probability only ! sc\ts ( a mu* l>g] body4 ,manuel exclaim$1 8,did ,i n tell y t we %\ld meet ^! rascals aga980 ,i1 h[ev]1 repli$ t ,i 0 det]m9$ to rea* ,cordova t night1 & ask$ ! prie/ to introduce me to ! gov]nor ( ! =t4 ,to ?is he will+ly cons5t$1 & ! gov]nor hav+ he>d my /ory1 0 s oblig+ z to say t he int5d$ s5d+ fifty m5 to ,cordova next day1 b t !y might accompany me n[4 ,we accord+ly />t$ & soon came 9 sight ( ! five m\nt$ m51 :o sure en\gh prov$ to be our five old fri5ds1 :o v soon turn$ & gallop$ (f z h>d z !y c\ld4 ,we fir$ "o or two %ots at !m2 b z night 0 com+ on we ?\ght x be/ n to pursue1 & cont9u$ on our way to ,cordova1 :i* we rea*$ at eight o'clock1 v glad to get (f s well4 ,f ,cordova we rea*$ ,seville1 :]e ,mr4 ,we!rall1 ! ,consul1 /rongly advocat$ ! introduction into ,engl& ( ,manzanilla1 a w9e !n sc>cely kn[n4 ,i reque/$ him to s5d me a hog%ead1 :i* 0 univ]sally approv$ (1 & h5ce=? ! ta/e = pale dry %]ry has entirely sup]s$$ t = ! old gold5 & br[n1 & !re is no d\bt t z a tonic x is f> sup]ior4 ,! road across ! ,si]ra ,mor5a 0 kept cle> by ! s+ul> exp$i5t ( intru/+ its def5ce to a body ( ,g]man coloni/s1 :o held consid]able l&s & dues on condition ( keep+ ! roads free f brig&s4 ,?is plan answ]$ admirably2 9 a v %ort "t ! brig&s 7 ext]m9at$1 & aft] t1 ?\gh no patrols 7 ev] se51 yet if any fre% b&s v5tur$ to appe>1 ! ,g]mans 7 in/antly "u arms & nev] relax$ _! pursuit until ! brig&s 7 ei!r de/roy$ or driv5 out ( ! c\ntry4 ,we proce$$ by dilig5ce f ,seville to ,madrid2 & :5 we rea*$ ,ocna1 aft] hav+ travell$ ?ree days & nights1 our majoral or conductor _h compassion on u1 & said we %\ld halt = ! night2 t is1 we arriv$ ab\t n9e o'clock & he said we mu/ be (f aga9 at five 9 ! morn+2 ?is1 h[ev]1 0 a great release1 & we all ?ank$ him2 b ,i believe we _h no great reason = be+ s v grateful = 8 k9dness1 z x 0 rum\r$ t if we _h proce$$ we might h be5 attack$ by ! ,c>li/s4 ,h[ev]1 be t z x may1 we got a com=table b$1 to my great surprise4 ,! *ol]a _h be5 fly+ ab\t ! neighb\rhood1 & ,i felt a slight attack ( x1 :i* ,i got rid ( by a few drops ( sal volatile & camphorat$ spirits 9 a w9eglass ( cold wat]4 ,at five 9 ! morn+ we />t$ f ,ocna1 aft] gett+ a biscuit1 a cup ( *ocolate1 & glass ( cold wat]1 :i* "o f9ds almo/ ev]y:]e 9 ,spa92 inde$1 r\gh z ! travell+ 0 9 ^? days--& x c\ld n be worse--we always got mo/ excell5t bread1 eggs1 & sometimes milk & w9e1 al?\gh ! latt] 0 g5]ally new1 & z ?ick z porridge & almo/ undr9kable2 /ill ) bread1 eggs1 & milk "o c\ld always get on4 ,:5 ,i arriv$ at ,madrid1 ! city 0 9 ! greate/ /ate ( excitem5t2 ! ,c>li/s 7 mak+ w> 9 ! mo/ vigor\s & successful mann]1 head$ by ! celebrat$ ,zumalac>ragui2 & x be+ dang]\s to talk politics1 ,i p>ticul>ly avoid$ !m1 & w5t ab\t see+ ev]y?+ ,i c\ld z a /rang]4 ,i also call$ ^u our m9i/]1 ,sir ,george ,villi]s1 :om ,i _h kn[n 9 ,engl&1 & 0 mo/ k9dly receiv$ by him4 ,i "h met a ,colonel ,d[nie1 :o _h s]v$ "u ,well+ton & aft]w>ds settl$ 9 ,spa94 ,he spoke ,spani% p]fectly1 & 0 mu* respect$ by ! natives1 :i* 0 say+ a good deal = him2 = ! ,spani>ds are a mo/ peculi> p1 & especially ! upp] classes1 extremely res]v$ & exclusive t[>ds /rang]s4 ,p]sonally1 h[ev]1 ,i h no reason to compla91 = !y 7 v civil to me4 ,i 0 introduc$ by ,d[nie & o!r fri5ds1 & _h an opportunity ( visit+ "s ( ! fir/ families ( ! place1 among/ o!rs ! ,v]aguas1 ! desc5dants ( ,columbus1 ( ,cortez1 ,viluma1 ,frias1 & o!rs4 ,i w5t to _! t]tulias or conv]saziones1 :i* 7 ! only k9d ( society to be _h :5 ,i 0 !re2 9 fact1 p>ties 7 s divid$ on acc\nt ( ! civil w> t _m ( ! great h\ses 7 %ut up4 ,at ! t]tulia !re 0 no?+ b conv]sation1 s t ) ! exception ( ! lights !re 0 no exp5se ( ent]ta9m5t4 ,z y 7 leav+ ! h\se1 9 ! hall ! s]vant pres5t$ y ) a glass ( cold wat]1 ) a biscuit ( fl\r & sug>1 :i*1 :5 tak5 ) ! wat]1 0 n unpalatable4 ,at "o ( ^! t]tulias ! s]vant1 9 ! mid/ ( ! conv]sation1 br\ght to ! lady ( ! h\se h] supp]1 :i* %e set to "w on1 )\t mak+ ! lea/ rem>k2 9 fact1 x 0 usual1 & no p]son ?\ght any?+ ( x4 ,hav+ n[ view$ ev]y?+ wor? see+ 9 ! city1 ,i det]m9$ to see some?+ ( ! environs1 & accord+ly ask$ ,d[nie to accompany me to ,tol$o2 & z politics 7 v unc]ta91 ,i ?\ght x bett] to be d\bly arm$ ) passports4 ,i !re=e got our m9i/]1 ,sir ,g4 ,villi]s1 to v]ify m9e1 & also ! m9i/] ( police1 a v g5tlemanly man1 ! ,m>quis ( ,viluma1 :o 0 unusually civil1 & gave me a capital d9n] & a special passport = ,tol$o4 ,! next morn+ at daybreak we />t$1 ) f\r horses1 & 7 j leav+ ! t[n :5 we 7 /opp$ by a mess5g] runn+ aft] u1 :o prov$ to be ! s]vant ( a lady :om ,i _h met ! day be=e at ! ,m>quis de ,viluma's1 & :o 0 a niece ( ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,tol$o4 ,%e _h s5t h] s]vant ) a lett] ( introduction = u to h] uncle ! ,ar*bi%op1 = :i* we 7 ?ankful1 z x is r difficult to obta9 p]mission to see all ! diff]5t objects1 su* z ! treasury4 ,accord+ly we />t$ (f afre% ov] a v wild c\ntry1 ) a v indiff]5t road1 or r none1 & rea*$ ,tol$o ab\t noon4 ,we imm$iately w5t to ! ca!dral1 :i* is a v ri* & impos+ ,go?ic edifice1 & al?\gh we did n see ! ar*bi%op1 :o 0 n !re1 yet ! dean mo/ k9dly %[$ u ev]y?+1 p>ticul>ly ! treasury1 :i* 0 replete ) a mo/ gorge\s collection ( ve/m5ts1 mitres adorn$ ) preci\s /ones1 silv] crozi]s1 gold & silv] *alices1 cups & bas9s & prie/ly ut5sils )\t numb]4 ,we !n w5t & paid our respects to civil & milit>y gov]nors1 & got an ord] to see ! ,royal ,sword ,manufactory1 :i* =m]ly 0 celebrat$ ?r\gh\t ,europe = its excell5t blades1 :i* 7 said to be equal to ^? ( ,damascus1 b _h = "s "t pa/ be5 rapidly on ! decl9e2 !re 7 "s two or ?ree hundr$ m5 employ$ :]e ,i 01 b !y 7 mak+ only ord9>y blades = ! army4 ,hav+ se5 ev]y?+1 & p]ambulat$ ?is curi\s old city1 :i* 0 9 any?+ b a ?riv+ /ate1 we return$ to ! fonda or hotel1 mis]able z x 01 to our d9n]1 previ\s to />t+ = ,aranjuez4 ,we _h j done d9n] :5 an (fic] ( police made 8 appe>ance1 & said v politely t ! civil gov]nor wi%$ to see me4 ,i said t ,i _h already se5 him1 & paid my respects1 & %[n my passport2 ,i ask$ if any?+ 0 wrong ) x4 ,he said no1 !n w5t away1 & aga9 return$1 say+ ! civil gov]nor mu/ see me4 ,i aga9 ask$ if ! passport 0 "r4 ,he said p]fectly4 ,!n ,i said t ,i ?\ght ! gov]nor's conduct 0 extraord9>y1 & ,i decl9$ go+4 ,two m police (fic]s !n came1 & said t ! gates ( ! city 7 clos$ to me1 & t ,i %\ld n leave )\t fir/ go+ to ! civil gov]nor4 ,my fri5d ,d[nie !n got al>m$1 & said t he w\ld g ) ! (fic]s1 see ! civil gov]nor & expla9 matt]s4 ,he accord+ly w5t1 & ask$ ! civil gov]nor :at he meant4 ,! gov]nor repli$ t he 0 surr\nd$ by ,c>li/s1 & he 0 oblig$ to be con/antly on 8 gu>d1 = fe> ( an insurrection2 b he _h be5 in=m$ t ,i _h br\ght a private lett] to ! ar*bi%op1 :o 0 ! greate/ ,c>li/ 9 ! place1 & he mu/ "k :at t lett] conta9$4 ,=tunately x 0 op51 & bo? ,d[nie & ,i _h read x be=e deliv]+ x1 & x 0 no?+ m ?an a reque/ t we might be %[n ev]y?+ 9 ! ca!dral4 ,) ?is explanation ! gov]nor 0 p]fectly satisfi$1 & disp5s$ ) my p]sonal att5dance1 :i* ,i 0 glad (1 & det]m9$ to c>ry no m introductory lett]s1 = at t "t x 0 mo/ dang]\s to bo? p>ties4 ,(f we />t$1 b 7 /opp$ at ! city gates1 at :i* we 7 bo? mu* annoy$1 & be+ det]m9$ t we w\ld /& ?is annoyance no long]1 7 j go+ to =ce our way ?r\gh1 :5 a mess5g] f ! gov]nor told !m to let u g1 & (f we gallop$ z h>d z possible4 ,be=e leav+ ,madrid ,i visit$ "s ( ! conv5ts1 ?\gh ) great difficulty1 = a %ort "t be=e my arrival ! mob1 9 a fit ( revolution>y excitem5t1 _h attack$ sev]al ( !m1 & murd]$ _m ( ! un=tunate inmates1 :il/ ! re/ 7 oblig$ to fly = _! lives4 ,:5 ,i appli$ = admission x 0 refus$1 until le>n+ t ,i 0 an ,engli%man1 !y op5$ ! out] gates1 :i* _h be5 well secur$1 & admitt$ me1 & a melan*oly spectacle ,i beheld4 ,v few ( ! monks rema9$1 & ^? t ,i saw _h _! heads & arms b&ag$ up on acc\nt ( ! w\nds !y _h receiv$4 ,a great deal ( prop]ty _h be5 de/roy$1 & a /ill great] quantity _h be5 /ol52 9 fact ev]y?+ _h a mo/ wret*$ & desolate appe>ance4 ,%ortly aft]w>ds ! :ole ( ! conv5ts & religi\s e/abli%m5ts = monks & nuns 7 %ut up by ord] ( ! gov]nm5t1 & all ! prop]ty 0 seiz$ = ! b5efit 787 ( ! nation4 ,leav+ ,madrid ) sev]al o!rs1 we proce$$ to ,france vi ,s>agossa & ,b>celona1 z ! direct r\te ?r\gh ,bayonne 0 ( c\rse q impracticable4 ,b>celona 0 !n1 & is n[1 tak+ x altoge!r1 ! f9e/ & mo/ ?riv+ t[n 9 ! p59sula1 & may be call$ ! ,man*e/] ( ,spa94 ,x is situat$ on ! %ore ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 9 a ri* f]tile pla91 back$ by a l(ty range ( m\nta9s ab\t ?ree or f\r miles di/ant4 ,! c5tral /reets are v n>r[1 b ! ,m>9a & artificial h>b\r1 ) ! f9e spaci\s quays by :i* !y are surr\nd$1 h a noble effect1 al?\gh ! mole1 a f9e "w z x und\bt$ly is1 has be5 badly design$ ) respect to ! curr5ts & ! great quantity ( alluvial matt] held 9 susp5sion by ! wat]s1 & c>ri$ along ! %ore f ! deltas & m\?s ( ! ,hobugal & ,ebro4 ,! consequ5ce is1 t ! space cov]$ by ! mole is con/antly fill+ up1 & requires incessant dr$g+ at great exp5se2 not)/&+ :i*1 ! trade is s great t ! h>b\r is always m or less full ( %ipp+1 & besides its manufactures ( cotton & silk1 x exports l>gely w9e1 oil1 b>k1 fruits1 & timb]4 ,i made an excursion ) my s]vant to ! celebrat$ conv5t ( ,monte ,s]rata1 situat$ ^u ! m\nta9 ( t "n1 ab\t #cj miles to ! we/ ( ,b>celona2 />t+ e>ly 9 ! morn+1 & /opp+ at ! bridge ( ,ma/\l across ! ,hobugal1 ab\t #ae miles f ,b>celona4 ,"h ,i enjoy$1 f bel[ ! bridge1 "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ & beautiful views1 ,i ?9k1 t ,i ev] beheld4 ,fac+ me 0 ! bridge1 consi/+ ( two ,go?ic ar*es2 ! s\? "o 0 ! l>ge/ ,i ev] saw1 be+ ab\t #adj feet span4 ,on ! nor? side ( ! bridge 0 a ,roman ar*1 9 tol]able pres]vation1 except ! cornice2 & on ! s\? side ( ! bridge 7 ! rema9s ( a ,moori% =t4 ,?us ,i _h be=e me1 at "o c\p d'il1 ! ru9$ works ( ?ree great nations2 9 ! di/ance 0 ! conv5t ( ,monts]rat1 p]*$ ^u ! m\nta9 side1 ) its num]\s p9nacles ris+ above x1 & ^! ov]topp$ by ! num]\s l(ty peaks ( ! ,pyr5ees beh9d4 ,:il/ exam9+ ! bridge1 ,i p]ceiv$ on a sudd5 a l>ge body ( troops1 ) sev]al m\nt$ (fic]s1 rapidly approa*+2 ^u inquir+ ! cause1 ,i 0 told by an (fic] t ,i _h bett] get out ( ! way z soon z possible1 z !re 7 a great _m ,c>li/s ab\t1 & !y expect$ to be attack$ e m9ute1 z !y _h to def5d ! pass to prev5t ! ,c>li/s f gett+ to ,b>celona4 ,i !re=e w5t (f at once to ! conv5t4 ,i left ! c>riage at ! bottom ( ! m\nta91 at a small inn1 & got a man to c>ry up our ?+s2 & hav+ a lett] to ! wor?y sup]ior1 0 mo/ hospitably receiv$4 ,!y gave u a com=table d9n]4 ,we !n set out to exam9e ! num]\s h]mitages :i* 7 p]*$ ^u diff]5t peaks ( ! m\nta91 :i* resembl$ ! tee? ( a saw1 f :i* ! hill takes its "n4 ,^! h]mitages consi/$ ( a small hut1 j l>ge en\gh = ! h]mit's b$1 & table1 & *air2 "h !y rema9$ w9t] & summ]1 & only occasionally desc5d$ to ! conv5t4 ,all ! h]mitages 7 empty1 ! h]mits _h fl$1 & !re 7 sc>cely a doz5 monks 9 ! conv5t4 ,:il/ climb+ ab\t ! m\nta9 ,i obs]v$ sev]al ,c>li/ sc\ts1 well arm$1 lurk+ ab\t1 & ,i saw o!rs at a di/ance--no d\bt !y 7 "p ( ! attack+ =ce expect$ at ,b>celona2 !y1 h[ev]1 did n mole/ me1 & ,i 0 too happy to leave !m alone4 ,! view f ! m\nta9 all r\nd is v f9e2 all ! lead+ valleys are fill$ ) manufactur+ t[ns & villages1 among/ ! pr9cipal ( :i* 0 ,manresa1 9 ! valley imm$iately bel[ u4 ,we got back to ! conv5t soon aft] d>k1 :]e ! prior _h ord]$ u a good supp]1 & aft]w>ds invit$ me to 8 ap>tm5ts1 :]e he gave an excell5t conc]t1 :i* 0 v well execut$ by ! *ori/]s & monks atta*$ to ! conv5t4 ,i soon f\nd out t ! prior & all ar\nd him 7 mo/ devot$ p>tisans ( ,don ,c>los1 & wi%$ ! ,*ri/9os & all revolutioni/s to p]dition1 to :i* place !y said !y w\ld be mo/ assur$ly consign$4 ,kn[+ t ,i 0 an ,engli%man1 & be+ recomm5d$ to him1 he felt himself p]fectly at home ) me1 & seem$ to be tol]ably well in=m$ ab\t ,engli% politics3 he und]/ood p]fectly well ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,:igs1 ,tories1 & ,radicals1 & _h n a d\bt b t ! good s5se & tal5t ( ! ,tories w\ld soon upset ! ,:igs & ,radicals2 & s f> he prov$ "r2 b he w5t on to say t !y w\ld assi/ ! ,spani% ,c>li/s1 & s5d all ! ,*ri/9os & _! wick$ associates to ! devil1 :]e !y ought to g2 = ! ,ca?olic religion c\ld nev] ?rive & ,spa9 nev] c\ld prosp] s long z ! ,*ri/9os 7 triumphant4 ,by ?is "t ,i c\ld get on tol]ably well ) ,spani%4 ,we conv]s$ on v>i\s topics1 & pass$ ! ev5+ v agreeably1 z ! prior 0 a v sup]ior p]son1 & really1 consid]+ t he 0 a ,spani% prie/1 he 0 an enlight5$ man1 & by no means bigot$4 ,he said t no nation c\ld prosp] )\t religion2 & accord+ to 8 belief he consid]$ t ! ,roman ,ca?olic 0 ! true fai?2 at ! same "t he did n mean to say t a p]son pr(ess+ any o!r religion c\ld n be sav$1 b t ,god 9 ,8 great m]cy w\ld p>don _! ignorance4 ,we bade ! prior good-night1 ?ank+ him mu* = 8 k9dness1 & retir$ to our dormitory1 :i* 0 v cold & solit>y1 ne> ! *apel3 we _h pl5ty ( cloaks1 :i* 7 indisp5sable2 & ,i told my man to make a /iff glass ( hot pun*1 n only = myself1 b also = ! wor?y monks :o att5d$ u1 & ,i took c>e t !y %\ld be (f]$ supp]2 b al?\gh !y _h a glass ( pun* & a cig>1 !y w\ld take no m4 ,! night 0 v cold1 ! moon %one bright1 & ! /illness 0 rem>kable4 ,i awoke long be=e light1 & he>d ! monks say+ _! mat9s2 feel+ x 0 cold1 ,i got m cov]+1 & aga9 fell asleep4 ,awak+ soon aft] eight o'clock1 we got up1 & _h *ocolate2 !n1 mak+ a h&some pres5t to ! poor-box1 ,i retrac$ my /eps d[nw>ds1 & ,i mu/ say t ,i nev] pass$ a m agreeable day4 ,! sc5]y 0 magnific5t2 t alone 0 suffici5t to recomp5se anyone = ! j\rney2 & 9 addition to ?is !re 0 ! visit to ?is great conv5t1 at "o "t "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful 9 ,spa91 b n[ 9 its decad5ce1 & its once p[]ful inmates degrad$ s f> z to hope = deliv]ance f ! =m]ly hat$ & p]secut$ h]etics ( ,engl&6 ,x 0 a mo/ s+ul> sight2 & x is /ill m extraord9>y1 t aft] a lapse ( ?irty-f\r ye>s1 ^! v ,*ri/9os1 ) ! que5 at _! head1 %\ld n[ be p]secut+ all lib]al ,ca?olics1 & aga9 ?reat5+ ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,inquisition4 ,leav+ ,b>celona1 ,i trav]s$ ,france1 pass+ ?r\gh ,t\l\se1 ,bordeaux1 & ,p>is1 & rea*$ ,london 9 ! beg9n+ ( #ahcd4 ,al?\gh n /rictly 9 *ronological ord]1 ,i w "h m5tion "o or two incid5ts :i* occurr$ to me %ortly be=e1 & :i* may be ( int]e/4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( #ahca ! *ol]a visit$ ,engl& = ! fir/ "t4 ,ev]ybody 0 al>m$ at its approa*3 x 0 a my/]i\s disease1 nobody seem$ to "k mu* ab\t x4 ,!y knew t x came f ,india1 & t x 0 mo/ fatal & caprici\s1 sometimes attack+ ^? on ! m\nta9s1 & sometimes ^? on ! pla9s2 sometimes1 9 pass+ ?r\gh t[ns & villages1 c>ry+ (f 9 its /range & deadly c\rse all ^? on "o side ( a /reet1 leav+ ! o!r side unt\*$4 ,x 0 mak+ its way regul>ly f ! ,ea/ to ! ,we/1 deviat+ r nor?w>ds 9 its c\rse1 & h5ce x approa*$ ,europe by ,russia1 !nce to ! nor? ( ,g]many4 ,its regul> & gradual approa* /ruck ev]yone ) awe3 we saw ! enemy com+1 b h[ to avoid or h[ to attack him nobody knew4 ,! m$ical pr(ession 7 completely at fault1 all sugge/+ diff]5t rem$ies1 ea* propos+ :at he consid]$ 8 own specific1 yet d\btful ( ! result4 ,at la/ ! dread$ my/]y leap$ across ! ,g]man ,ocean1 & made its appe>ance 9 ,sund]l&1 :]e x spread al>m & dismay f> & wide4 ,x !n turn$ s\?w>d1 & made its appe>ance 9 ,london1 9 ! mon? ( ,m>*1 & numb]s left ! city1 fly+ 9 all directions4 ,! ,fr5*1 dread+ its invasion1 clos$ _! ports1 & plac$ ,engl& 9 qu>ant9e1 b 9 va9 attempt$ to %ut out ! t]rible malady1 =1 9 two or ?ree mon?s app>5tly glutt$ ) dea?1 x jump$ ov] ! ,*annel into ,france1 & became m virul5t ?an ev]4 ,! ,fr5* physicians1 :o _h visit$ ,engl& dur+ its preval5ce1 & ?\ght !y _h acquir$ good k ( ! disease & its treatm5t1 71 if any?+1 m at fault ?an our own m$ical m52 = ! disease held !m z x 7 9 d]ision1 & 9 ,p>is sev5 ?\s& fell victims 9 "o day4 ,i 0 attack$ ) x "o morn+ 9 ,june1 ab\t f\r o'clock1 ) a sudd5 %ock1 & felt z if dea? _h clut*$ me 9 8 jaws4 ,i _h be5 "s "t previ\sly ?9k+ :at ,i %\ld d 9 ! ev5t ( an attack1 & consult$ my m$ical advis]s1 b c\ld elicit no?+ satisfactory4 ,i !n made up my m9d t1 z ! attacks ( ! disease 7 sudd5 & viol5t1 ! rem$y mu/ be some?+ ( ! k9d2 & ! mo/ likely rem$y1 if any1 appe>$ to me "s /rong /imulant1 su* z camphor1 sal volatile1 & opium1 :i*1 hav+ previ\sly be5 subject to di>rha1 ,i _h frequ5tly tri$ ) effect4 ,i !re=e always kept a mixture ( ?is k9d ready4 ,feel+ ! attack1 ,i jump$ out ( b$ & /agg]$ to ! table1 took a /rong dose1 rang ! bell viol5tly1 s5t = my doctor directly1 & w5t back to b$1 & = an h\r suff]$ t]ribly4 ,i !n became calm]1 b excessively exhau/$1 & lay almo/ motionless4 ,! doctor came ab\t sev51 :5 ,i 0 mu* bett]3 he ask$ me :at ,i _h tak51 & ,i told him3 he !n said1 8,i d n "k t ,i %\ld h prescrib$ exactly :at y h tak51 b ! pr9ciple is correct10 & he gave me some?+ ( ! same k9d1 b 9 a mild] =m4 ,9 a c\ple ( days ,i 0 q well1 & ,i h ev] s9ce c>ri$ camphor1 sal volatile1 & opium ) me2 & subsequ5tly1 :5 travell+ 9 ,spa91 ,portugal1 & ,sw$5 dur+ ! preval5ce ( *ol]a1 ,i frequ5tly took ^! rem$ies myself1 & adm9i/]$ !m ) success to o!rs4 ,! same ye> ,i took a trip to ,au/ria & ! s\? ( ,g]many1 & att5d$ ! meet+s ( ! sci5tific society1 ! ,natur ,ge=s*es1 !n be+ held at ,vi5na4 ,i 0 well receiv$1 & made a memb] ( ! society2 & !re ,i made acqua9tance ) "s ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ pr(essors ( ,g]many1 & a mo/ sociable set ( g5tlem5 !y 74 ,! assemblage consi/$ ( ab\t ?ree hundr$2 we d9$ e day toge!r1 & receiv$ mu* gratification & in/ruction4 ,i att5d$ ! sections regul>ly1 & !re ,i saw ! ,au/rian ar*dukes1 di/+ui%$ = _! sci5tific acquirem5ts1 :o took "p1 & no mean "o1 9 ! discussions1 )\t ! lea/ pret5sion1 precisely ^u ! same foot+ z ! o!r memb]s2 =emo/ among/ ! re/ 0 ! celebrat$ ,pr9ce ,mett]ni*1 !n 9 ! height ( 8 p[] & consequ5ce1 z ,prime ,m9i/] ( ,au/ria4 ,he c]ta9ly 0 a v rem>kable man2 ( ! middle size1 extremely good-look+1 ) an aquil9e nose1 %>p1 intellig5t eyes1 a firmly compress$ lip1 a ?or\ghly g5tlemanlike mann]1 a dignifi$ appe>ance1 complete self-comm&1 & altoge!r impress+ y ) ! idea t he 0 ! great gr&ee & sov]eign m9i/] ( ! anci5t & !n all-p[]ful empire ( ,au/ria4 ,not)/&+ 8 high position1 he att5d$ sections 9 ! mo/ unassum+ mann]1 l ! mo/ insignificant memb] pres5t4 ,he att5d$ ! diff]5t sections daily1 & always sat among/ ! cr[d1 n on ! b5* ne> ! presid5t1 & took 8 %>e 9 ! discussions z if he 0 a simple citiz51 & any po9t t he happ5$ to take up he well ma9ta9$4 ,hav+ he>d s mu* ( ! all-p[]ful ,pr9ce ,mett]ni*1 ,i 0 r a/oni%$ to see him act s amiable & di/+ui%$ a "p 9 su* a society4 ,i 0 introduc$ to him1 & 0 v k9dly receiv$4 ,he op5$ 8 palace1 & he & 8 di/+ui%$ & h&some consort1 ! ,pr9cess1 receiv$ ! :ole ( ! memb]s & _! ladies ) ! greate/ cordiality4 ,i also 0 invit$ among/ ! re/1 & rem>k$ t1 al?\gh pr9ces ( ! imp]ial family & ! mo/ di/+ui%$ nobles 7 pres5t1 ,i did n obs]ve _m ( _! ladies2 & ,i 0 told by a fri5d1 t z ! ladies ( ! ,g]man pr(essors c\ld n af=d to dress 9 ! spl5did /yle ( ! great ,au/rian ladies1 ^! latt] 7 exclud$ = fe> ( _! eclips+ 9 dress ! ,g]man pr(essors' wives4 ,! ,emp]or ,francis gave ! ,association a mo/ magnific5t ent]ta9m5t at "o ( 8 palaces1 ,laxemb\rg1 ab\t #ab miles f ,vi5na4 ,8 ,imp]ial ,maje/y s5t sixty-five royal c>riages1 ) outrid]s 9 uni=m1 to conduct ! association to ,laxemb\rg2 & :5 we arriv$ !re1 we f\nd sixty-five o!r imp]ial c>riages1 ) s]vants 9 ! imp]ial liv]y1 to take u to ! palace1 & drive u ab\t ! p>k & environs to %[ u ev]y?+ wor? see+4 ,at ?ree o'clock d9n] 0 ann\nc$ 9 ! palace1 & a mo/ imp]ial d9n] x 04 ,sev]al ( ! ar*dukes1 & ,pr9ce & ,pr9cess ,mett]ni* 7 !re1 ) all ! memb]s & _! ladies2 & be=e sitt+ d[n to d9n] ! ,pr9ce said t ,8 ,imp]ial ,maje/y ! ,emp]or ,francis int5d$ to h be5 pres5t to receive ! ,association1 b un=tunately ,8 ,maje/y 0 v unwell1 & 0 unable to att5d2 he !re=e reque/$ ! ,pr9ce to apologise to !m = 8 abs5ce2 ,8 ,maje/y hop$ t we w\ld excuse 8 abs5ce1 & make ourselves z com=table z if we 7 at home1 :i* we c]ta9ly did1 & a spl5did affair x 04 ,a magnific5t b& play$ dur+ d9n]1 ,tokay *ampagne fl[$ 9 abundance1 & at five o'clock we />t$ on our return to ,vi5na1 convey$ 9 ! same royal c>riages & accompani$ by ! same escort ( imp]ial s]vants t br\ght u to ,laxemb\rg 9 ! morn+2 9 fact1 x 0 impossible t any?+ c\ld h be5 bett] done1 or t royalty c\ld h %[n m respect or def]5ce to sci5ce ?an 0 done to u4 ,on ! foll[+ ,sunday1 ! municipality ( ,bad51 a place "s miles f ,vi5na1 invit$ u to ano!r banquet1 & s5t com=table c>riages to take u !re & back4 ,! burgoma/] & c\ncillors receiv$ u on our arrival1 & gave u a mo/ excell5t ent]ta9m5t1 accompani$ by ! greate/ cordiality & k9dness4 ,:5 we arriv$ x want$ ab\t two h\rs to d9n]2 & a fri5d ( m9e1 high 9 (fice1 ask$ me if ,i %\ld l to be introduc$ to ! celebrat$ ,ar*duke ,*>les1 ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief ( ! ,au/rian armies1 & :o 0 ! fir/ g5]al :o defeat$ ! great ,emp]or ,buonap>te1 viz4 at ,asp]n4 ,! proposition 0 q unexpect$1 & ,i eag]ly accept$ x4 ,we accord+ly w5t to ! ,ar*duke's palace1 :]e1 on acc\nt ( ill-heal?1 ,8 ,imp]ial ,highness 0 liv+ v quietly1 tak+ ! ba?s4 ,^u arriv+1 we 7 %[n into an ante-room furni%$ 9 ! mo/ simple mann]4 ,aft] wait+ a few m9utes1 a *amb]la9 made 8 appe>ance1 & u%]$ u into ! ,ar*duke's pres5ce1 :5 we 7 =mally introduc$ to ,8 ,imp]ial ,highness--a mo/ simple1 unaffect$1 dignifi$ g5tleman1 *>act]iz$ /rongly by ! features ( ! imp]ial family1 at ! same "t possess+ all ! dignity & comm& ( a great soldi]4 ,he receiv$ u ) great c\rtesy1 & aft] bidd+ u be seat$1 ent]$ into conv]sation ) u 9 ! mo/ easy & famili> mann]4 ,he address$ me v k9dly 9 ,fr5*1 ask$ aft] ! ,duke ( ,well+ton 9 p>ticul> 7:om =tunately ,i _h ! hon\r ( kn[+71 & express$ 9 ! highe/ t]ms 8 admiration ( him z a soldi] & /atesman1 & said t ,engl& ow$ mu* to him4 ,he !n ent]$ into a g5]al conv]sation ab\t ,engl&1 h] great importance & p[]1 say+ t %e 0 ! savi\r ( ,europe1 & express$ an ard5t wi% t %e might long reta9 h] pres5t influ5ce4 ,he said t he %\ld h be5 mo/ happy to h d9$ ) ! municipality1 to meet u !re1 b un=tunately 8 heal? w\ld n p]mit4 ,aft] an excell5t d9n] ! ,association return$ 9 ! ev5+ to ,vi5na1 mu* gratifi$ ) _! ent]ta9m5t4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,%ip ,canal f ,portsm\? to ,london--,ma*9]y & ,eng9e ,mak+--,screw ,/eam ,%ips--,h>tlepool & ,coquet ,h>b\rs--,railways r\nd ,london--,railway ,mania--,s\?-,ea/]n ,railway--,london1 ,*a?am1 & ,dov] ,railway4 ,railways _h by ?is "t made rapid progress1 & _h be5 completely e/abli%$ z ! future means ( conveyance = goods & pass5g]s4 ,! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool & ! ,/ockton & ,d>l+ton _h be5 complet$ ) ! mo/ successful results4 ,! ,gr& ,junction betwe5 ,liv]pool & ,birm+ham1 ! ,london & ,birm+ham1 & ,great ,we/]n1 7 mak+ rapid progress t[>ds completion1 & num]\s o!r l9es 7 ei!r project$ or ab\t be+ c>ri$ into effect4 ,/ill ! canals 7 n altoge!r supplant$2 & x 0 propos$ to make a %ip canal f ,london to ,portsm\?1 by means ( :i* ! dang]\s1 t$i\s1 & exp5sive navigation betwe5 ^? places w\ld be avoid$4 ,! late ,mr4 ,horace ,twiss1 ,m4,p4 = ,wootton-,bassett1 & aft]w>ds ,"u ,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,=eign ,affairs1 took ! greate/ int]e/ 9 ?is und]tak+2 & f calculations :i* he _h c>efully made f (ficial returns1 he /at$ t a cle> rev5ue ( #a1jjj1jjjl4 p] annum might be d]iv$ f x4 ,! fir/ ,"l ,a%burton1 !n ,alex&] ,b>+1 ) :om ,i _h a long conv]sation on ! subject1 said t1 if practicable at reasonable co/1 x w\ld be a valuable national "w4 ,dur+ ! height ( ! great revolution>y w> ) ,france1 long be=e ! public _h be5 accu/om$ to ! va/ sums :i* h be5 rais$ & exp5d$ ^u great works 9 mod]n times1 a canal betwe5 ,london & ,portsm\? _h be5 consid]$ z a v desirable & pr(itable "w4 ,my fa!r made a plan = x 9 #ahjg1 & ! !n ,e>l ( ,egremont (f]$ to subscribe l>gely to x3 a money crisis h[ev] occurr$1 & x 0 ab&on$ = ! "t4 ,a canal1 h[ev]1 ^u a mu* small] scale 0 aft]w>ds made by ,mr4 ,josias ,jessop1 betwe5 ! ,wey & ,arun1 & f !nce ?r\gh ,*i*e/] & ,long/on h>b\rs to ,portsm\?4 ,x 0 ^u too small & imp]fect a scale1 & !re=e did n answ]4 ,a %ip canal1 h[ev]1 capable ( transport+ a #gd-;gun %ip & ,indiam5 ( ! l>ge/ class1 0 aft]w>ds contemplat$4 ,a v influ5tial committee reque/$ me to inve/igate ! subject ?or\ghly2 fir/ly1 z to its practicability2 secondly1 :at 0 ! be/ "t = su* a canal2 & ?irdly1 :at w\ld be ! co/4 ,i accord+ly1 ) ! assi/ance ( ! late ,mr4 ,francis ,giles1 :o took ! levels & surveys1 explor$ & exam9$ ! ?ree l9es :i* 7 mo/ practicable--! fir/ by ! ,m]/ham1 ! second by ! ,dork+1 & ! ?ird by ! ,guild=d valley4 ,! la/ 0 decid$ly ! be/ l9e1 hav+ ! lea/ height1 ! easie/ r\te1 & ! be/ supply ( wat] = ! lockage4 ,x comm5c$ at ! ,?ames1 & cont9u$ up ! valley ( ! ,wey to ,guild=d1 :]e x cross$ ! summit1 desc5d$ into ! vale ( ! ,arun1 :i* x cross$ by an aqu$uct1 & !nce along ! base ( ! hills to ,portsm\? ,h>b\r4 ,! canal 0 to h be5 #ajj y>ds wide at ! top1 & #bd feet deep4 ,at ! summit !re 7 to h be5 ample res]voirs1 & capaci\s bas9s or docks at ea* end4 ,! voyage f ,london to ,portsm\? w\ld h be5 made 9 two days--t is to say1 by common haulage--b /eam tugs w\ld h r$uc$ x to tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,! e/imate 0 #g1jjj1jjjl41 :i* 0 consid]$ s l>ge at ! "t1 t all idea ( prosecut+ ! und]tak+ fur!r 0 at once ab&on$4 ,! _w _h n !n be5 accu/om$ to ! enorm\s sums s9ce sp5t ^u railways1 & !n !y w\ld nev] h believ$ t #af1jjj1jjjl4 w\ld be sp5t ^u ! ,london1 ,*a?am1 & ,dov] ,railway1 only ! same l5g? z ! propos$ canal1 or t a simil> am\nt w\ld be sp5t 9 ! same c\nty ^u ! ,s\?-,ea/]n ,railway4 ,t ! canal is p]fectly practicable !re c be no d\bt1 & x w\ld h be5 ( great public advantage2 b :e!r1 aft] all1 x w\ld h yield$ a reasonable pr(it = ! capital exp5d$1 is a "q :i* ,i w n und]take to det]m9e4 ,"o "p ( my fa!r's bus9ess 0 ! mak+ ( ma*9]y1 ( :i* he 0 v fond1 be+ a fir/-rate !oretical & practical me*anic2 b ! ma*9]y dep>tm5t =m$ only a v small "p ( 8 ext5sive bus9ess1 al?\gh he con/ruct$ sev]al important works1 su* z ! ,albion ,fl\r ,mills ne> ,blackfri>s ,bridge1 aft]w>ds de/roy$ by fire1 & :]e he subsequ5tly _h 8 own works1 :i* /ill exi/4 ,?is is admitt$ to h be5 "o ( ! be/ pieces ( t class ( eng9e]+ ev] con/ruct$1 ei!r be=e or s9ce1 & p]=m$ a quantity ( "w 9 proportion to ! p[] employ$1 su* z has nev] be5 surpass$4 ,he also design$ & con/ruct$ ! roll+ mills 9 ! ,royal ,m9t1 :i* h be5 9 full "w = m ?an half a c5tury1 & are /ill 9 z effici5t a /ate z ev]4 ,! div+ bell may almo/ be said to h be5 an inv5tion ( 81 = he effect$ su* great improvem5ts 9 x t he 0 enabl$ to apply x to build+ "u wat] at ,ramsgate ,h>b\r = ! fir/ "t 9 #ahac4 ,x 0 work$ f a scaffold above wat]1 to :i* 7 atta*$ movable trucks ) w9dlasses1 work+ ^u a rack-&-p9ion railway1 s t ! div+ bell & ! app>atus = rais+ & l[]+ ! bell1 toge!r ) ! /ones1 c\ld be work$1 & ! build+ c>ri$ on ) ! same c]ta9ty & ne>ly ! same exp$ition z above wat]4 ,he also erect$ a simil> app>atus appli$ = rais+ heavy blocks ( mahogany at ! ,we/ ,india ,docks3 ?is is ! ,gantry crane1 :i* has be5 s9ce v g5]ally employ$ 9 almo/ all build+ op]ations4 ,my object 9 m5tion+ ! subject "h is m]ely to say t :5 my fa!r di$ he left ?is ma*9]y dep>tm5t to my bro!r ,george & myself1 ?\gh ,i believe t if he _h liv$ a few ye>s long] he w\ld h giv5 x up altoge!r4 ,! site ( ?is manufactory 0 =m]ly "o ( ! mo/ fa%ionable suburbs ( ! metropolis1 & "h ! celebrat$ ,nell ,gwynne _h h] c\ntry h\se4 ,my bro!r & self cont9u$ ! bus9ess1 rebuilt ! place entirely1 ) consid]able improvem5ts1 & did a l>ge am\nt ( bus9ess "h4 ,we con/ruct$ ! roll+ mills = ! ,calcutta & ,bombay m9ts2 ! great fl\r mills & bak+ ma*9es ( ,dept=d1 ,portsm\?1 & ,cremill ,po9t y>ds2 num]\s locomotive eng9es = diff]5t railways1 among/ o!rs ! #8,satellite' = ! ,brighton ,railway1 :i* 0 "o ( ! fir/ t atta9$ ! spe$ ( #fj miles an h\r ^u ! n>r[ gauge4 ,we made ! /eam eng9es & ma*9]y = ,h] ,maje/y's %ip #8,bulldog1' ! ya*t #8,dw>f1' & o!rs2 also = ! fam\s ,russian /eam] #8,wladimir1' :i* did s mu* mis*ief at ,seba/opol2 two ya*ts = ! ,emp]or ( ,russia1 & o!r vessels = ! ,russian navy1 toge!r ) ! :ole ( ! iron gates = ! docky>d at ,seba/opol1 two pair ( :i* 7 br\ght back z trophies by ! ,briti% & ,fr5* armies4 ,we built f\r iron /eam vessels & _! ma*9]y = ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t1 = ! ,caspian ,sea1 :i* 7 ! fir/ t float$ on its wat]s2 !y 7 fir/ built 9 ,london1 !n tak5 to pieces1 s5t to ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 & !nce d[n ! ,volga to ! ,caspian2 m5 7 s5t ) !m by u1 :o put !m toge!r !re1 & laun*$ !m successfully4 ,we made & erect$ ! small-arms manufactory at ,con/ant9ople1 = mak+ five hundr$ muskets p] week4 ,we con/ruct$ ! eng9es & ma*9]y = ! #8,ar*im$es' screw-vessel1 :i* 0 ! fir/ screw us$ 9 ?is c\ntry2 & aga91 ! iron vessel1 eng9es1 & screw = ! #8,dw>f1' :i* 0 ! fir/ screw-vessel ev] introduc$ into ! ,briti% ,navy1 9 ! ye> #ahci1 = :i* ,i take ! cr$it myself2 = aft] we _h succe$$ s well ) ! #8,ar*im$es1' ,i wait$ ^u ,sir ,george ,cockburn1 !n ,s5ior ,naval ,"l ( ! ,admiralty1 & propos$ to him to make a small iron vessel work$ by a screw4 ,i engag$ t ! vessel %\ld make ! spe$ ( t5 knots an h\r by ! measur$ mile2 & t if aft] %e 0 complet$ & tri$ %e did n come up to ! requir$ conditions1 ( :i* _! own (fic]s 7 to be sole judges1 ,i w\ld take back ! vessel & ma*9]y1 )\t any comp5sation2 b if !y 7 satisfi$1 !y !mselves 7 to fix ! price to be paid = ! vessel & ma*9]y4 ,sir ,george said ! (f] 0 s fair1 t if ,i w\ld put x 9 writ+ 9 ! =m ( an (ficial t5d]1 he w\ld recomm5d ! ,admiralty to accept x2 ?is ,i accord+ly did4 ,! vessel1 eng9es1 & screw 7 complet$ to ! satisfaction ( ! ,admiralty (fic]s1 ! price settl$ by !m 0 at once paid1 & s ! #8,dw>f' 0 ! fir/ screw-vessel introduc$ into ! ,briti% ,navy4 ,x 0 c]ta9ly no small gratification to myself to h introduc$ ! fir/ vessel propell$ by ! screw into ! ,royal ,navy1 z ,i felt conv9c$ t x 0 ! only prop] me?od ( propell+ vessels ( w>3 x 0 ! m gratify+1 because my fa!r 0 ! fir/ :o1 9 #ahai1 introduc$ ! paddle-:eel sy/em into ! ,navy2 & ?us our family h _h ! hon\r--& a great "o x is--( introduc+ into ! ,navy ! two greate/ improvem5ts ( mod]n times4 ,my fa!r1 :o 0 always consult$ by ! ,admiralty1 propos$ ma*9]y 9 e dep>tm5t :]e x c\ld be appli$ ) any advantage2 su* z railways2 ! ,gantry crane1 & o!rs1 work$ by ma*9]y2 heat+ an*ors 9 furnaces1 by means ( :i* only c\ld !y be prop]ly made2 employ+ convicts to d ! lab\r1 ) a mod]ate gratuity to /imulate _! ex]tions1 & ?us r$uce ! exp5se ( _! keep2 & employ+ private e/abli%m5ts :]ev] !y c\ld d ! "w *eap] ?an 9 ! docky>ds4 ,! /ate mu/ & ought to h su* e/abli%m5ts z %\ld be able to d _! own "w :5 occasion requires2 b 9 a c\ntry l ,engl&1 :]e ! arts & manufactures are c>ri$ to ! highe/ possible ext5t by individual competition1 & :]e ! field ( ex]tion is s va/ & ! prizes ( success are s great1 no gov]nm5t e/abli%m5t c compete ) !m4 ,x _c hold out suffici5t inducem5t = ex]tion1 & h5ce we f9d t no great inv5tion has ev] emanat$ f a public e/abli%m5t4 ,c]ta9 (fic]s ! gov]nm5t mu/ h1 & ^! mu/ be at fix$ sal>ies1 = :i* !y h to d a c]ta9 quantity ( "w1 & = ?is ! h\rs are fix$2 !y h no inducem5t to g beyond ?is4 ,yet ?is p]haps is ! wise/ c\rse = a gov]nm5t l ours2 x c always comm& ! tal5t ( ! day1 & x is f> m economical = a gov]nm5t to pay ! m>ket price1 :atev] x may be1 ?an to take p]sons1 h[ev] well qualifi$1 :olly into its employm5t2 ! mom5t ?is is done ! inducem5t to extra ex]tion ceases1 & ! gov]nm5t mu/ g aga9 to ! m>ket = ! next be/ tal5t1 & s on4 ,h5ce x is my op9ion t a gov]nm5t %\ld h ! fewe/ possible e/abli%m5ts x c get on )1 s z n to leave itself :olly dep5d5t ^u private firms2 & t x %\ld g lib]ally to ! public1 specify+ 9 g5]al t]ms :at is requir$1 !n x w obta9 ! be/ workm5 9 ! wise/ mann]1 )\t be+ tax$ by extra p5sions or any o!r drawback2 by ?is means a gov]nm5t w\ld comm& all private e/abli%m5ts1 & make ! mo/ ( its own4 ,9 #ahcb ,i 0 reque/$ by ! au?orities ( ! ,isle ( ,man to exam9e ! :ole ( ! coa/ ( ! ,isl&1 & to give my op9ion z to ! be/ plan = improv+ ! h>b\rs4 ,i accord+ly s5t ov] my assi/ant1 ,mr4 ,coombe2 & hav+ c>efully survey$ ,d\glas1 ,d]by ,hav51 ,ca/leton1 ,peel1 ,ramsey1 & ,laxey1 made complete hydrographical surveys ( ! :ole1 & detail$ plans = ! be/ way ( improv+ !m4 ,at ,d\glas ,i propos$ to make an ext5sive l[-wat] asylum h>b\r1 & also at ,d]by ,hav51 :i* 7 ! mo/ important places1 & possess$ ! greate/ capability ( mak+ good refuge h>b\rs at ! mo/ economical rates = ! num]\s vessels trad+ betwe5 ,irel& & ,engl&1 & also = =eign vessels b\nd = ,liv]pool4 ,! o!r ports susceptible ( improvem5t 7 *iefly local1 & !re=e only a mod]ate sum 0 propos$ to be exp5d$ ^u !m4 ,a great h>b\r might1 inde$1 h be5 made ne> ! ,calf ( ,man2 b ?is w\ld h involv$ an exp5se :i* ! rev5ues ( ! ,isl& _h no means ( pay+1 ?\gh a h>b\r !re w\ld h be5 ( importance to ! va/ numb] ( vessels ( all classes trad+ betwe5 ,liv]pool & ,am]ica2 & !re=e1 if any?+ 0 to be done !re1 ,liv]pool ought to h contribut$ l>gely t[>ds x4 ,liv]pool1 h[ev]1 ?\ght diff]5tly4 ,!y _h no idea ( enc\rag+ _! vessels to /op s ne> home4 ,s t all idea ( mak+ a refuge h>b\r ne> ! ,calf ( ,man 0 ab&on$4 ,nei!r c\ld ! ,isl&]s obta9 =eign aid = ,d\glas1 or ,ca/leton1 or ,d]by ,hav54 ,!y 7 !re=e left to _! own res\rces1 & 7 oblig$ to conf9e _! op]ations to mak+ a small addition to ,d\glas ,pi]1 :i* ,i design$ = !m1 & :i* 0 c>ri$ into effect by ,mr4 ,james ,br[n--a mo/ excell5t practical eng9e]--:o _h be5 employ$ _m ye>s by my fa!r at ,holyhead ,h>b\r & else:]e4 ,ab\t ! same "t ,i 0 ask$ to make a plan = ! improvem5t ( ! anci5t port ( ,h>tlepool 7,i ?9k "o ( ! olde/ 9 ,engl&71 = %ipp+ coal f ! coal-fields ( ,s\? ,durham1 :i* 7 !n be+ develop$ to an extraord9>y ext5t4 ,i made a plan1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds c>ri$ into effect "u my direction1 ! late ,mr4 ,james ,br[n1 above m5tion$1 be+ ! resid5t eng9e]4 ,:5 ,i visit$ ! place1 x 0 ! mo/ seclud$1 primitive fi%+ village ,i ev] saw4 ,x has n[ become "o ( ! mo/ ?riv+ & popul\s t[ns ( ,durham4 ,at ?is "t ,i 0 also reque/$ by a society ( g5tlem5--among/ :om 7 ,messrs4 ,ladbrooke1 ,mills1 ,smi?1 ,webb1 c4--to exam9e ! m\? ( ! ,coquet1 ne> ,w>kwor?1 9 ord] to make a h>b\r !re = ! %ipp+ ( coal f "s colli]ies :i* 7 ab\t to be op5$ 9 t di/rict4 ,?is h>b\r1 :i* consi/$ ( a nor? pi] & s\? pi]1 0 made "u my direction2 ,mr4 ,george ,rem+ton be+ ! resid5t eng9e]4 ,x 0 m]ely int5d$ z a tidal h>b\r1 ) float+ docks atta*$ to x2 :i* latt]1 = want ( funds1 7 nev] made4 ,by ext5d+ ! nor!rn pi] f>!r seaw>d1 !y c\ld easily obta9 #ab feet or m at l[ wat]2 & ! ,coquet ,isl& outside =ms an excell5t & safe road/ead = vessels draw+ #bj feet at l[ wat]--an advantage t no o!r port on ! ea/ coa/ possesses4 ,!re is pl5ty ( coal 9 ! vic9ity1 t has nev] be5 develop$ = want ( capital2 b no d\bt ! day w come :5 ?is port w be ( consid]able consequ5ce4 ,:il/ sup]9t5d+ ^! works1 ! late ,e>l ,grey1 !n ,prime ,m9i/]1 :o liv$ at ,h[ick1 ab\t n9e miles to ! nor? ( ! ,coquet1 invit$ me to sp5d a day !re4 ,i accord+ly w5t ov]1 & 0 mo/ k9dly receiv$4 ,i !re met 8 son1 ! pres5t ,e>l1 & ! pres5t ,sir ,george ,grey1 & pass$ my "t v agreeably & in/ructively4 ,! late ,e>l1 :5 ,commission] ( ,portsm\? ,docky>d1 knew my fa!r well1 & _h great respect = 8 tal5ts4 ,:il/ employ$ 9 con/ruct+ ! pi]s ( ,sund]l& ,h>b\r1 ,i made acqua9tance ) ,mr4 ,lambton1 aft]w>ds ! ,e>l ( ,durham1 :o m>ri$ "o ( ,e>l ,grey's daught]s4 ,he 0 "o ( ! commission]s ( ! h>b\r1 & a great coal[n]4 ,he 0 a slight-made p]son1 ( ! middle size1 ) an olive complexion1 d>k1 pi]c+ eyes1 & a pr(usion ( jet-black hair4 ,he possess$ consid]able tal5t1 great firmness1 & a /]n1 haughty1 pr\d be>+1 ) great impetuosity ( temp]4 ,be+ heir to a l>ge =tune1 he 0 spoil$ 9 8 y\?1 al?\gh n )\t k9dly1 g5]\s1 & noble feel+s1 & :]e he took a lik+1 0 a firm fri5d4 ,he 0 always v k9d & fri5dly to me1 & took a lead+ "p 9 promot+ ! success ( ,sund]l& ,h>b\r4 ,8 viol5t temp]1 & inability to control x1 0 ! cause ( 8 failure z a public man4 ,:5 ,gov]nor-,g5]al ( ,canada he1 contr>y to all rules ( ord] & subord9ation1 ?rew up 8 comm& 9 a pet on acc\nt ( "s trifl+ provocation1 & return$ to ,engl& )\t au?ority4 ,! obloquy :i* ?is fooli% & imprud5t /ep entail$ ^u him = ev] aft] r5d]$ him unfit to take a lead+ "p 9 public affairs1 = :i* o!rwise he 0 well calculat$1 & he di$ soon aft]1 x is believ$ ( a brok5 he>t4 ,railways hav+ be5 n[ fairly e/abli%$1 & hav+ to a consid]able ext5t sup]s$$ roads & canals1 ! ,brighton ,railway s*eme 0 />t$ aga94 ,! hi/ory ( ?is "w ,i h already describ$4 ,dur+ ! ye>s #ahcg-ahch x occupi$ a consid]able portion ( my "t1 & al?\gh ,i 0 !n v ill1 & totally unfit = bus9ess1 ,i 0 oblig$ to /ruggle ?r\gh x1 & c>ri$ x at la/4 ,at times ,i 0 s n]v\s & unwell t ,i sc>cely knew :at ,i 0 ab\t4 ,i felt p]fectly /upid1 & ?\ght t my life mu/ end 9 a lunatic asylum2 & _m1 ev5 ( my fri5ds1 consid]$ t my c>e] 0 ov]4 ,:5 cross-exam9$ be=e p>liam5t>y committees1 :i* exam9ations ,i 0 oblig$ to und]go at ?is "t1 aft] two or ?ree h\rs my head got s confus$ t ,i c\ld see no?+ di/9ctly--ev]y?+ appe>$ ei!r d\ble or upside d[n4 ,h[ev]1 ,i got ?r\gh n only ! ,brighton1 b also ! ,blackwall1 ,railway ,bills4 ,apropos ( ! ,blackwall ,railway1 ,i long _h an idea t ,blackwall1 includ+ ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,india1 ! ,reg5t's ,canal1 & ! ,london ,docks1 %\ld be connect$ ) ,london by a railway1 & t ?is l9e %\ld =m ! gr& trunk & t]m9us = all ! railways :i* 7 to connect ! ea/]n c\nties ( ,essex1 ,suffolk1 ,norfolk1 & ,cambridge ) ,london4 ,a ,bill = mak+ ! ,ea/]n ,c\nties ,railway ?r\gh ,essex & ,suffolk _h !n pass$1 hav+ _! t]m9us 9 ,%or$it*1 :i* 0 q out ( ! way1 & left out all ! docks2 :]eas ! l9e :i* ,i propos$ w\ld n only h connect$ !m ) ,london at ,f5*ur* ,/reet1 :i* is )9 half a mile ( ! ,royal ,ex*ange1 b w\ld h br\ght ! great traffic ( ! ea/]n c\nties !re also4 ,mr4 ,/eph5son1 see+ ! importance ( my ,blackwall l9e1 />t$ ano!r 9 opposition1 :i* 0 defeat$ 9 ,p>liam5t1 & my l9e 0 c>ri$2 b my p>ty 0 n /rong en\gh to c>ry x into effect2 ,mr4 ,/eph5son's 01 !re=e !y took up my l9e1 & he 0 appo9t$ ! *ief eng9e]4 ,he :olly ignor$ my pr9ciple ( mak+ ! ,blackwall l9e ! ma9 trunk = ! ea/]n c\nties' traffic1 b decl>$ t ! ,blackwall l9e %\ld be consid]$ di/9ct2 & z he ?\ght t s %ort a l9e 0 n adapt$ = locomotives1 he said t x w\ld be f> bett] to "w x by means ( ropes atta*$ to p[]ful eng9es fix$ at ea* end ( ! l9e4 ,i =esaw t ?is plan w\ld n succe$1 & told my fri5ds s2 h[ev]1 x 0 ( no use1 ! rope sy/em 0 adopt$1 until x 0 f\nd t ! con/ant break+ ( ! ropes1 _! great friction1 & ! p[] requir$ to "w !m1 entail$ s mu* exp5se & inconv5i5ce1 t ! l9e w\ld n pay a divid5d4 ,! company !re=e resolv$ to aboli% ! rope sy/em altoge!r1 & adopt locomotive eng9es1 accord+ to my orig9al plan2 & ! l9e 0 ext5d$ to jo9 ! ,ea/]n ,c\nties ,railway at ,/rat=d1 & ! ,tilbury & ,s\!nd ,railway1 & x has be5 connect$ ) ! ,victoria1 ,ea/ & ,we/ ,india1 ,london1 & ,/4 ,ka?>9e ,docks1 & n[ pays a divid5d ( ab\t #c to #c p] c5t4 ,9 fact1 all t ,i recomm5d$ has be5 done1 & ! result has be5 successful2 b x w\ld h be5 mu* m pr(itable if my plan _h be5 adopt$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 :ile ! extra exp5se ( ! rope sy/em w\ld h be5 sav$4 ,9 ! ye> #ahdd came ! great railway mania4 ,railways 7 consid]$ z a m9e ( weal? to :oev] w\ld und]take !m2 & consequ5tly new l9es 7 project$ 9 all directions1 & ,i _h my full %>e ( !m3 among/ o!rs ! ,great ,nor!rn1 ! ,le$s & ,c>lisle1 ! ,le$s & ,brad=d1 ! ,york & ,sc>bor\gh1 ! ,bri/ol & ,monm\?1 ! ,bi%op's ,/ort=d & ,!t=d 7call$ ! ,direct ,norwi*71 ! ,birm+ham & ,bo/on1 ! ,newry & ,enniskill51 ! ,ea/ ,l9coln%ire1 ! ,l9coln & ,hull1 ! ,cannock ,*ase1 & ! ,nor? ,wales1 c4 ,! consequ5ce 0 t ! dem& = eng9e]+ surveyors & assi/ants 0 v great4 ,eng9e]+ 0 consid]$ to be ! only pr(ession :]e imm5se weal? & fame 7 to be acquir$1 & consequ5tly ev]ybody became eng9e]s4 ,x 0 n ! "q :e!r !y 7 educat$ = x1 or compet5t to und]take x1 b simply :e!r any p]son *ose to dub himself eng9e]2 h5ce1 lawy]s' cl]ks1 surgeons' appr5tices1 m]*ants1 tradesm51 (fic]s 9 ! army & navy1 private g5tlem51 left _! pr(essions & became eng9e]s2 ! consequ5ce 0 t innum]able blund]s 7 made1 va/ sums ( money 7 recklessly exp5d$1 & ! great] "p ( ! l9es 7 ?r[n out ( ,p>liam5t 9 consequ5ce ( ! innum]able errors committ$ 9 !m4 ,! committee rooms ( ! ,h\ses ( ,lords & ,commons 7 ?rong$ to su* a degree ) eng9e]s1 lawy]s1 & witnesses1 t x 0 sc>cely possible to f9d suffici5t room = !m4 ,! b>ri/]s1 solicitors1 & p>liam5t>y ag5ts made enorm\s sums1 & s did ^? eng9e]s :o 7 =tunate en\gh to get paid4 ,my lab\rs 7 mo/ ardu\s4 ,i _h to "w night & day = sev]al weeks 9 prep>+ plans = ,p>liam5t1 & if ,i _h only got paid1 ,i %\ld h made a good =tune1 = ,i employ$ 9 "o dep>tm5t or ano!r above ?ree hundr$ assi/ants4 ,x is true t ,i receiv$ a great deal ( money2 b ! exp5ses 7 s great t ! advances made to me 7 imm$iately absorb$1 & be=e ,i c\ld balance my acc\nts1 mo/ ( ! companies _h vani%$1 rema9+ l>gely 9 my debt4 ,z to recov]+ my debts 9 a c\rt ( law1 x 0 impossible on acc\nt ( ! difficulty ( prov+ :e!r !re 0 a suffici5t numb] ( directors pres5t :5 ! ord] 0 giv51 & :at 7 ! names ( ! directors pres5t2 because1 z !y 7 n legally con/itut$ companies1 ! diff]5t memb]s ( ! bo>d c\ld only be su$ 9 _! individual capacities1 :il/ ,i1 :o employ$ ! diff]5t p>ties to make ! surveys & "w out ! details1 0 cle>ly liable to !m2 s t ! claims aga9/ me 7 innum]able1 & made )\t m]cy1 & ,i _h ! greate/ difficulty 9 satisfy+ !m )\t mat]ial loss4 ,to give an example ( ! difficulties ,i _h to cont5d ) 9 e/abli%+ my case aga9/ "o ( ! companies t employ$ me--viz4 ! ,cannock ,*ase ,railway1 an ess5tially good conc]n1 :i* has s9ce be5 c>ri$ into effect ) consid]able pr(it to ano!r company :o took x up aft]w>ds3 ,my company _h paid me #bejjl4 on acc\nt ( ! exp5ses1 & !y ow$ me #bgjjl4 m1 :i* !y nev] disput$4 ,!y _h #ab1jjjl4 9 h&1 & c\ld h easily paid my bill2 b f9d+ t !y c\ld n at t "t c>ry _! l9e1 !y unit$ ) ano!r company )\t pay+ me1 & h&$ ov] to !m ! #ab1jjjl4 subscrib$ = my company4 ,i !n got !m to call a meet+1 & said t z _! orig9al company _h collaps$1 ,i 0 prep>$ to meet !m ^u ! mo/ equitable t]ms1 namely1 t !y %\ld pay ! balance ( my disbursem5ts actually out ( pocket2 ?is !y decl9$ to d4 ,i !n (f]$ to d$uct my %>e ( ! disbursem5ts if !y w\ld pay ! balance2 ?is !y decl9$ also1 & !y w\ld pay no m4 ,f9d+ t ,i c\ld d no?+ ) !m1 ,i su$ !m at law1 & br\ght an action aga9/ ! *airman2 he1 h[ev]1 prov$ t he 0 n pres5t :5 ! ord] 0 giv5 to me1 ,i 0 !re=e nonsuit$1 & _h to pay my exp5ses & 81 :i* co/ me #ejjl4 ,i !n br\ght an action aga9/ two o!r p>ties1 :o 7 pres5t :5 ! ord] 0 giv52 b !n x 0 prov$ aga9/ me t !re 0 n a quorum1 & z ,i c\ld n get hold ( ! books1 ! secret>y hav+ abscond$ ) !m1 ,i 0 nonsuit$ aga9 at ! co/ ( #ejjl4 m4 ,at la/ ?is secret>y hav+ got into difficulties1 ,i got hold ( ! m9utes ( proce$+s by an extraord9>y comb9ation ( circum/ances1 w5t to ! ,c\rt ( ,*anc]y1 & ev5tually e/abli%$ my case1 & recov]$ ! :ole ( my claim1 viz4 #bgjjl42 b )\t ! co/s4 ,s t aft] sev5 ye>s' litigation ,i recov]$ ! #bgjjl41 :i* 0 :olly absorb$ 9 ! exp5ses2 & !re=e ,i 0 :]e ,i began4 ,! pr9cipal p>liam5t>y battle ,i _h 0 9 #ahdd-e2 & 9 ! foll[+ ye> ,i _h ano!r ) ! ,great ,nor!rn ,railway4 ,! late ,mr4 ,gravatt _h ! dual l9e f ,k+'s ,cross by ,b>net1 ,welwyn1 ,/ilton1 ,/am=d1 ,corby1 ,l9coln1 ,ask+ to ,york2 ?is 0 9 e respect ! %orte/ & ! mo/ easy ( execution2 un=tunately1 our company 0 n =m$ until ! end ( ,septemb]1 s t x 0 extremely difficult1 9 s %ort a "t1 to get ! surveys & levels made correctly4 ,! late ,mr4 ,francis ,giles und]took to h ! :ole complet$ 9 ! mo/ p]fect mann] by ! #cj? ,novemb]1 #ahdd1 = deposit+ ) ! respective ,cl]ks ( ! ,peace1 z requir$ by ! ,/&+ ,ord]s ( ,p>liam5t4 ,mr4 ,giles's well-kn[n reputation z a fir/-rate eng9e]+ surveyor appe>$ to ,mr4 ,gravatt & myself a suffici5t gu>antee t ! surveys w\ld be well complet$ by ! requir$ "t2 9 ?is1 un=tunately1 we 7 mo/ griev\sly disappo9t$1 = ,mr4 ,giles1 :o _h a good deal ( o!r bus9ess 9 h&1 c\ld n devote 8 :ole att5tion to x1 :i* 0 absolutely necess>y2 9 fact1 he ought nev] to h und]tak5 x2 b he always assur$ u t x w\ld be prop]ly done 9 "t4 ,h[ev]1 f9d+ t he did n g on s well z we expect$1 we endeav\r$1 z f> z practicable1 to rem$y ! evil by sett+ on additional surveyors ourselves1 "u ! control ( ,mr4 ,giles2 b 9 spite ( all our ex]tions1 ,mr4 ,giles fail$ completely1 & our l9e1 9 consequ5ce ( ! num]\s defects 9 ! survey1 0 ?r[n out ^u ,/&+ ,ord]s1 & ! pres5t ,great ,nor!rn l9e1 :i* 0 our rival1 b ackn[l$g$ to be n s good1 not)/&+ a /rong opposition1 0 c>ri$ ?r\gh ,p>liam5t1 v mu* to ! annoyance ( ,mr4 ,gravatt & myself1 & ,mr4 ,gravatt nev] =gave ,mr4 ,giles's neglect4 ,my rule on all ^! occasions 0 to endeav\r to conciliate ! l&[n]s ?r\gh ^: e/ates we w5t1 always ask+ & obta9+ _! p]mission be=e ent]+ ^u _! l&s1 & by ?is means we made fri5ds :]ev] we w5t2 among/ o!r great proprietors we w5t ?r\gh a consid]able portion ( ! ,m>quis ( ,exet]'s e/ate1 ne> ,/am=d4 ,^u go+ d[n ! l9e ,i f\nd "o ( our surveyors drunk1 & he _h s completely dep>t$ f 8 in/ructions t ,i paid & dis*>g$ him at once4 ,i call$ on ! ,m>quis to expla9 ?is1 b he 0 n visible1 z he 0 busy ) prep>ations = ! reception ( ,h] ,maje/y & ,h4,r4,h4 ! ,pr9ce ,consort1 :o 7 expect$ to arrive ! next day4 ,i !n w5t d[n ! l9e z f> z ,york1 & ^u my return call$ aga9 ^u ! ,m>quis at ,burleigh1 :o receiv$ me v coldly1 & said :5 he gave me p]mission to g ?r\gh 8 e/ate1 x 0 ^u a p>ticul> l9e1 :i* ,i fai?fully promis$ to adh]e to2 b he 0 mu* surpris$ & sorry to f9d t ,i _h brok5 my ^w1 = t :5 ,h4,r4,h4 ! ,pr9ce ,consort 0 %oot+ 9 8 pres]ves he f\nd "o ( my surveyors ) sev]al assi/ants break+ into & c>ry+ ! l9e ?r\gh !m1 :i* he _h /rictly =bidd51 & :i* ,i _h z /rictly promis$ to 8 ,lord%ip t ,i w\ld n t\*2 & x 0 mo/ =tunate t ! surveyor & 8 assi/ants 7 n %ot1 = x 0 nev] = a mom5t expect$ t !y w\ld be !re4 ,aft] hav+ he>d 8 ,lord%ip quietly1 & hav+ ask$ ! day1 & ! "n ( ! surveyor1 :i* 8 ,lord%ip told me1 ,i said t ! man 0 n 9 my employm5t1 = ! v day on :i* ,i la/ call$ at ,burleigh ,i f\nd ?is same surveyor drunk1 & c>ry+ ! l9e into ! pres]ves1 :i* ,i _h /rictly =bidd51 & ,i imm$iately dis*>g$ him4 ,& ,i add$ t z 8 ,lord%ip f\nd him 9 ! pres]ves1 he mu/ h be5 s5t !re by somebody else4 ,8 ,lord%ip 0 at once p]fectly satisfi$ ) ?is explanation1 & became z fri5dly z ev]1 & press$ me to /op & d9e ) him2 ?is invitation ,i c\rte\sly decl9$1 = ,i 0 s mu* occupi$ t ,i _h n an h\r to sp>e4 ,"o v important feature ( our l9e1 besides mak+ x %ort]1 m direct1 & easi] ( execution1 0 ! position ( ! /ation at ,york1 :i* we propos$ to make on ! ma9 l9e1 imm$iately outside ! walls ( ! city2 & 9 ord] to effect ?is we c>ri$ our l9e by a bridge across ! railways !n ent]+ ! ,york /ation1 :ile our rivals propos$ to c>ry _! l9e into ! /ation itself2 :i* s*eme hav+ be5 adopt$1 compels !m to back 9 & out1 & n only occasions consid]able loss ( "t1 b mat]ially increases ! risk ( collisions4 ,ano!r important l9e 0 ! ,bri/ol & ,*ep/[1 :i* w\ld mat]ially h %ort5$ ! di/ance betwe5 ,bri/ol1 ,birm+ham1 & ,liv]pool1 in/ead ( go+ r\nd by ,gl\ce/]1 & w\ld h enabl$ ! ,s\? ,wales ,railway to %ort5 mat]ially _! di/ance to ,london4 ,9 ord] to effect ?is ,i propos$ to c>ry ! l9e across ! ,sev]n at ! old passage by an iron bridge1 ) a cle> height ( #ajj feet above ! high-wat] level ( spr+ tides1 s z to enable ! l>ge/ %ips to pass "u4 ,x happ5$ t ! rocks 9 ! riv] af=d$ excell5t f\ndations = ! pi]s4 ,! late ,mr4 ,cobd5 0 *airman ( ! ,committee 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons to :om ?is ,bill 0 ref]r$1 & !y 7 all a/oni%$ at ! boldness & gr&eur ( ! und]tak+2 al?\gh ! late ,mr4 ,brunel & o!rs did n d5y its practicability1 yet ! promot]s ( ! und]tak+ c\ld n see _! way to f9d ! means = c>ry+ x into effect1 & !re=e ! ,bill 0 )drawn4 ,i =got to m5tion ! ,c5tral ,k5t ,railway l9e1 #ahch4 ,x _h long be5 consid]$ a desirable object to connect ,dov] & ,london by a railway = ! ,cont95t1 & ! ,s\?-,ea/]n _h already obta9$ an ,act to make a l9e by ,r$hill1 !nce to ,tunbridge1 ,a%=d1 & ,folke/one1 to ,dov]1 ! di/ance be+ #hf miles1 :]eas ! old coa* road 0 only #gb4 ,moreov]1 ! ,s\?-,ea/]n avoids all ! pr9cipal t[ns & population 9 ,k5t2 s mu* s1 t x 0 consid]$ to be v objectionable1 & t x w\ld n pay4 ,i 0 accord+ly reque/$ by a mo/ influ5tial committee to exam9e ! c\nty ( ,k5t c>efully1 & endeav\r to f9d out a bett] l9e4 ,i 0 n long 9 discov]+ "o1 namely1 to comm5ce at ,london ,bridge1 !nce by ,lewi%am1 ,el?am1 ! ,crays1 ! ,d>5t1 #d miles above ,d>t=d1 !nce by ,graves5d1 ?r\gh ,gad's ,hill1 cross+ ! ,m$way a mile above ,ro*e/]1 !nce1 )9 a mile ( ,maid/one1 to ,ea/well1 :]e x 0 to sep>ate into two bran*es1 "o to ,a%=d1 & !nce on to ,folke/one & ,dov]2 ano!r to ,cant]bury1 !nce to ,s&wi*1 :]e x 0 to t]m9ate2 :ile f ! ,d>5t ano!r bran* 0 int5d$ to run up ! valley ( t riv]1 ) a tunnel at its head1 & !nce to ,sev5oaks & ,tunbridge4 ,f ?is x w be se5 t ! ma9 l9e connect$ all ! pr9cipal t[ns 9 ! c\nty toge!r2 ea* 0 at ! same "t )9 ! %orte/ di/ance f ! metropolis1 & ne>ly #ad miles ne>] to ,dov] ?an ! pres5t ,s\?-,ea/]n l9e2 & !re 0 no incl9ation /eep] ?an #a 9 #bfd1 or #bj feet to ! mile1 & ! ,new ,cross incl9$ plane ( ! ,gre5wi* & ,croydon l9e ( #a 9 #ajj = ?ree miles w\ld h be5 avoid$4 ,?is l9e 0 s obvi\sly ! be/ = ,k5t & ! sea-coa/1 t :5 submitt$ to ! ,s\?-,ea/]n ,company1 :o _h n comm5c$ !irs1 !y admitt$ x1 & told _! solicitors1 ,messrs4 ,fe>on1 to tell our solicitors1 ,messrs4 ,fre%field1 t !y w\ld make t]ms ) u = c>ry+ x into effect4 ,h[ ! negotiations fell ?r\gh ,i nev] he>d2 :e!r x 0 f ! opposition ( ,maid/one & ,"l ,w9*elsea1 :o1 z well z ,sir ,p]cival ,dyke1 viol5tly oppos$ x--al?\gh s9ce1 ,i und]/&1 !y h s9c]ely rep5t$--,i nev] c\ld le>n2 b ! negotiation fail$1 al?\gh we 7 p]fectly ready to give up ! l9e to ! ,s\?-,ea/]n ^u a reasonable comp5sation1 & !y 7! ,s\?-,ea/]n ,railway7 comm5c$ & complet$ _! l9e r\nd by ,tunbridge1 & bitt] cause !y _h to rep5t x4 ,two ( my assi/ants--,crampton & ,morris--aft] leav+ me1 consid]+ t x w\ld be a good speculation to get up a %ort] l9e to ,dov]1 p]suad$ a v wor?y nobleman1 ,"l ,h>ris1 :o has consid]able prop]ty ne>1 betwe5 ,sitt+b\rne & ,cant]bury1 & "s o!r influ5tial l&[n]s on ! l9e1 to =m a company to make a l9e betwe5 ,ro*e/] & ,cant]bury1 & ,mr4 ,george ,burge1 ! contractor ( ! ,/4 ,ka?>9e ,docks & ,h]ne ,bay ,pi]1 "u ! late ,mr4 ,tel=d1 jo9$ !m4 ,burge _h inve/$ a good deal ( money at ,h]ne ,bay1 & naturally expect$ t "o day a l9e ( railway w\ld be made to x1 & t ! value ( 8 prop]ty w\ld be consid]ably increas$ !reby4 ,morris1 a v hone/1 pa9/ak+1 & indu/ri\s man1 :o _h be5 9 my s]vice _m ye>s1 & aft]w>ds became "o ( ! contractors ( ! ,s\?-,ea/]n ,railway1 & made a good deal ( money !re1 _h ! sagacity to pur*ase ! old h>b\r ( ,folke/one1 x is said = #aj1jjjl41 & sold x to ! ,s\?-,ea/]n ,railway ,company1 pr(it+ consid]ably by ! transaction4 ,crampton _h made "s improvem5ts 9 ! locomotive eng9e1 & aft]w>ds became ! pr9cipal executive eng9e] to ,messrs4 ,samuda4 ,at ! "t ,crampton came into my employm5t ,messrs4 ,samuda _h _h a vessel con/ruct$1 & _h made ! eng9es = propell+ h] ^u a new pr9ciple4 ,! vessel 0 call$ ! #8,gipsey ,que51' & a day 0 appo9t$ = ! trial4 ,:e!r ,crampton _h "s misgiv+s ab\t ! success ( ! exp]im5t1 or :e!r he 0 tir$ ( ! employm5t1 ,i d n "k1 b he 0 anxi\s to come "u me4 ,kn[+ him to be a clev]1 h>d-work+ p]son1 ,i took him1 & he cont9u$ s]v+ me fai?fully = f\r ye>s4 ,crampton ent]$ my s]vice f\r days be=e ! exp]im5tal trial ( ! #8,gipsey ,que51' :i* took place1 ,i ?9k1 9 ! ye> #ahdj4 ,! result ( ! trial 0 t ! boil] blew up1 ,samuda's bro!r & f\r m5 7 kill$1 & if ,crampton _h rema9$ 9 _! s]vice1 he w\ld probably h be5 kill$ also4 ,dur+ ! "t ,crampton 0 9 my s]vice1 he made ! acqua9tance ( my solicitors1 ! ,messrs4 ,fre%field1 :o conceiv$ a high op9ion ( 8 tal5ts & en]gy4 ,morris1 ,crampton1 & ,burge1 !n1 comm5c$ ! ,london1 ,*a?am1 & ,dov] ,railway ) comp>atively v little support = an und]tak+ ( ! k9d1 & exp]i5c$ v great uphill "w2 s mu* s1 t ,burge got al>m$1 & ,morris & ,crampton b\ght him out4 ,morris & ,crampton /ill /ruggl$ on ) x1 & !n ,morris w5t out1 & ,crampton rema9$ alone4 ,at la/ he got ,peto & ,betts to jo9 him1 & !n ! conc]n w5t ahead4 ,"l ,sondes1 a l>ge proprietor 9 ,norfolk & 9 ,k5t1 also jo9$ !m1 & !y complet$ ! orig9al l9e4 ,!y !n w5t to ,p>liam5t to ext5d _! railway by an indep5d5t l9e to ,london1 & f ,cant]bury to ,dov]1 &1 subsequ5tly1 by l9es to ! ,city1 s z ultimately to jo9 ! ,metropolitan ,railway1 & f !nce ) ! ,great ,nor!rn ,railway at ,k+'s ,cross4 ,h[ !y rais$ ! enorm\s am\nt ( capital to execute ^! works 0 a miracle1 b ! tale has at la/ be5 unfold$1 & ! un=tunate subscrib]s h f\nd x out1 to _! co/2 ! conc]n has become bankrupt1 & ! great contract+ firm ( ,peto & ,betts1 z well z ,crampton1 h end$ 9 ! #8,gazette1' z a melan*oly example ( :at en]gy & capital w come to :5 pu%$ beyond _! j limits4 ,! orig9al %>es ( #ajjl4 may n[ 7at ! "t ( writ+7 be b\ght at #ahl41 & ! ,s\?-,ea/]n ,railway h be5 compell$ to exp5d ne>ly #gjj1jjjl4 to cut (f ! angle betwe5 ,london & ,tunbridge2 :]eas1 if !y _h only adopt$ my l9e ( ! ,c5tral ,k5t ,railway1 z !y agre$ to d 9 #ahch1 all ?is w\ld h be5 avoid$2 ! ,london1 ,*a?am1 & ,dov] w\ld nev] h be5 made1 ! enorm\s losses w\ld n h occurr$1 ?irty-two millions w\ld n h be5 sp5t 9 railways = a s+le c\nty1 & ! ,s\?-,ea/]n %>es w\ld n 7at ! "t ( writ+7 be at #fe4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,sw$i% ,railways--,surveys 9 ,holl& & ,portugal4 ,9 #ahdd ,c\nt ,adolphe ,ros5 obta9$ a concession = mak+ railways 9 ,sw$51 & (f]$ me half ! concession1 provid$ t ,i w\ld g ov] to ,sw$51 lay out ! l9es1 & br+ ! matt] be=e ! ,engli% public4 ,i accord+ly employ$ a ,mr4 ,tottie1 a ,sw$e1 :o _h be5 employ$ by ,mr4 ,ra/rick1 to make ! surveys ( ! l9es laid out by me1 :i* consi/$ ( a ma9 "o f ,go!nburg "r ?r\gh ! k+dom to ,oxhoe1 z ! c5tral portion = ! iron trade2 f !nce "o bran* w5t to ! upp] end ( ! ,lake ,w5]1 & ! o!r to ! ,lake ,mal>1 to communicate ) ,/ockholm2 ! l9e !n proce$$ nor? by ,we/]s to ,upsala1 & !nce to ,/ockholm4 ,! same ye> ,i w5t f ,hull ) ,c\nt ,ros5 to ,go!nburg by /eam1 & sp5t two or ?ree days !re4 ,! c\ntry ?r\gh :i* ,i pass$1 ?\gh n ri*1 0 mu* m s & bett] cultivat$ ?an ,i expect$ to f9d x1 & ! p hone/1 simple1 & indu/ri\s1 & extremely civil4 ,! g5]al appe>ance r picturesque1 & 9 places wild1 be+ cov]$ ) d5se =e/s ( firs1 l>*1 bee*1 c42 l>ge spaces _h be5 cle>$ ( wood & br\ght "u cultivation4 ,! h\ses 7 = ! mo/ "p built ( wood1 9 ! ,russian fa%ion1 ! logs be+ laid close toge!r1 dovetail$ at ! ends1 & ! jo9ts caulk$ ) moss1 ! inside be+ closely plank$1 & 9 e room 0 a /one or porcela9 /ove2 ! w9d[s 7 d\ble1 & 9 w9t] ! out] & inn] 7 bo? %ut up1 & all ! jo9ts pa/$ ) pap] s z to prev5t ! admission ( ! out] air4 ,! h\ses 7 g5]ally v com=table4 ,9 "s ( ! l>g] t[ns1 su* z ,orebro1 _m ( ! h\ses 7 solidly built ( /one1 o!rs _h /one f\ndations & wood5 sup]/ructure2 mo/ ( ! c\ntry *ur*es 7 ( /one1 ) a deta*$ build+ ( wood = ! bells1 :i* 7 frequ5tly ( a l>ge size1 ) a v f9e full melodi\s s\nd4 ,go!nburg is a v well & regul>ly built t[n1 *iefly ( /one1 9 ! ,dut* /yle1 ) canals runn+ ?r\gh ! /reets4 ,"s ( ! h\ses ( ! pr9cipal m]*ants1 z well z public build+s1 are spaci\s & h&some1 al?\gh ! t[n g5]ally has a heavy1 dull1 yet sub/antial appe>ance4 ,i resolv$ to visit ! celebrat$ iron m9e ( ,daunemora1 "s miles f>!r nor?w>d4 ,i accord+ly />t$ (f ) ,c\nt ,ros51 & rea*$ x ! same ev5+1 & visit$ ! m9e next day2 x consi/$ ( a mass ( rock1 cropp+ out to ! surface1 ( almo/ solid magnetic iron1 conta9+ ab\t #ge to #hj p] c5t4 ( ! f9e/ metal4 ,!re 7 ext5sive =e/s r\nd1 s t !re 0 no want ( fuel2 ! wood 0 conv]t$ into *>coal1 & ! f9e/ iron 0 extract$1 ! be/ = mak+ /eel2 x fet*$ ! highe/ price 9 ! ,engli% m>ket1 :]e !re 0 a great dem& = x4 ,! ma*9]y employ$ 0 v rude & simple1 ! bell[s = ! =ges be+ 9 "s cases driv5 by manual or horse lab\r1 9 o!rs1 :]e x 0 accessible1 by wat] p[]4 ,i 0 anxi\s to g to ! great m9+ di/rict ( ,dalec>lia1 ab\t #ajj miles f>!r nor?1 b ! season 0 gett+ late1 & !re=e ,i 0 oblig$ to return to ,engl&4 ,:5 ,i _h got all my surveys f9i%$1 ,i made a report ^u ! :ole l9e2 b ,i f\nd t ! ,sw$i% ,gov]nm5t 0 n suffici5tly alive to ! importance ( railways at t "t1 or r ! ,gov]nm5t did n see its way to giv+ !m enc\ragem5t by subscrib+ or r tak+ a pecuni>y int]e/ 9 !m4 ,?\gh by no means und]valu+ ! importance ( railways1 yet1 be+ naturally cauti\s & economical1 ) only mod]ate funds at its comm&1 ! ,gov]nm5t d\bt$ mu* :e!r a reasonable pr(it w\ld be d]iv$ f !m1 b at ! same "t wi%$ u e success 9 obta9+ ! money 9 ,engl&4 ,i repres5t$ to !m t p 9 ,engl&1 kn[+ no?+ ( ,sw$51 or h] capabilities1 w\ld hesitate to subscribe _! money )\t a c]ta9 gu>antee by ! ,gov]nm5t ( int]e/ ( #d or #e p] c5t4 ^u ! am\nt ( capital exp5d$1 & t z x 0 q cle> t ! railways w\ld pay t1 !re c\ld be no risk2 9 fact1 ! gu>antee w\ld be m]ely nom9al1 b t x w\ld h ! effect ( obta9+ ! money 9 ,engl&1 & ?us conf]r+ ^u ,sw$5 a great national b5efit1 by sav+ _! capital )\t runn+ ! lea/ risk4 ,i 0 recomm5d$ to give a gr& d9n]1 :i* sev]al ( ! m9i/]s & all ! o!r notables ( ,/ockholm att5d$4 ,ev]ybody 0 en?usia/ic1 & a great numb] ( spee*es 7 made z to ! importance ( railways1 & ! great national b5efit !y w\ld conf]1 & my heal? 0 propos$ by ! ,m9i/] ( ,comm]ce1 ,skogman1 & 0 receiv$ ) ! greate/ en?usiasm1 b ! effect 0 no?+1 = we nei!r got private subscriptions nor public gu>antee4 ,h[ev]1 aft] all we _h done some?+2 we _h introduc$ ! subject ( railways into ,sw$51 we _h %[n ! importance ( !m1 & we _h 9 "s measure op5$ _! eyes1 & we tru/$ t 9 "t1 :5 !y _h maturely reflect$ ^u ! advantages1 !y w\ld view !m m fav\rably1 & contribute lib]ally t[>ds !m2 b z !re 0 no use 9 !n press+ ! subject fur!r1 we return$ at once to ,engl&4 ,9 all fev]s !re is a climax2 ! railway fev] _h its climax l ! re/1 & x 0 !n ^u ! decl9e4 ,! va/ multitude :o _h expect$ to make _! =tunes f\nd at la/ to _! sorr[ t _! money 0 gone2 b t 0 n ! wor/1 = !y w\ld h be5 v happy if !y _h n _h to pay m4 ,z = any new railway speculation1 t 0 entirely out ( ! "q1 & !re=e x turn$ out t ! ,sw$i% railways 7 too late = ! m>ket2 nobody w\ld ent]ta9 ! subject2 ! v "n ( railway 0 suffici5t to drive ev]yone away1 s t !re 0 no help = x b to abide bett] times4 ,accord+ly ! ,sw$i% railways rema9$ 9 abeyance until ! ye> #aheb2 by ?is "t ! ,sw$i% ,gov]nm5t _h consid]$ ! subject maturely1 & felt t1 z e o!r ,european nation _h adopt$ !m1 ,sw$51 if %e desir$ to keep pace ) o!r c\ntries1 mu/ ei!r make ! railways h]self1 = :i* at ! "t ! ,gov]nm5t _h n ! money1 or %e mu/ enc\rage o!rs to make !m by gu>antee+ a suffici5t int]e/ = ! capital exp5d$4 ,accord+ly ,i w5t !re aga91 & 0 z usual v k9dly receiv$ by ! ,k+ & 8 ,m9i/]s1 & ,i saw t !y 7 becom+ m anxi\s ?an ev] t ! railways %\ld be made4 ,i _h be5 !re 9 ,octob]1 #ahdh1 & _h ! hon\r ( be+ invit$ to d9e at ! palace 9 ,/ockholm1 z ,i _h previ\sly ! hon\r ( d9+ ) _! ,maje/ies at ! summ] palace ( ,hoga1 ne> ,/ockholm4 ,^u arriv+ at ! palace ,i 0 mo/ c\rte\sly receiv$ by ,k+ ,osc>1 :o did me ! hon\r ( pres5t+ me to 8 h&some1 graceful1 & intellig5t que54 ,:5 h] ,maje/y he>d t ! railways 7 to be comm5c$1 %e said t %e _h he>d s mu* talk ab\t !m & no?+ _h be5 done1 t %e fe>$ !y nev] w\ld be made1 8!re=e talk no m ab\t !m1 b set to "w & make !m40 ,! d9n] p>ty consi/$ ( ab\t ?irty4 ,i _h ! hon\r ( sitt+ next ! ,"l ,*ancellor1 a v agreeable1 intellig5t p]son1 :o sat next to ! ,royal ,family4 ,we _h an excell5t d9n]1 )\t ! lea/ re/ra9t1 & ! common topic ( conv]sation seem$ to be1 :o w\ld be elect$ ,presid5t ( ! ,fr5* ,republic1 ,cavaignac or ,l\is ,napoleon1 & ev]ybody seem$ 9 fav\r ( ,cavaignac z ! prop] p]son2 !y all spoke v disp>ag+ly ( ,l\is ,napoleon4 ,x seems curi\s to ?9k h[ little ! _w knew ( t extraord9>y man1 & h[ completely he disappo9t$ all previ\s expectations4 ,:5 at ,/ockholm ,i 0 pres5t$ to 8 pres5t ,maje/y1 ,k+ ,*>les ,,xv41 !n ,pr9ce ,k>l1 a v h&some intellig5t "y man4 ,s9ce 8 accession to ! ?rone he has done me ! hon\r ( conf]r+ ^u me ! ord] ( ,knight ,comm&] ( ! ,ord] ( ,wasa1 = :at 8 ,maje/y 0 pleas$ to t]m ! great s]vices :i* ,i _h r5d]$ ,sw$54 ,?is 0 ! m agreeable1 z x 0 s5t to me ?r\gh my p]sonal fri5d ,c\nt ,plat51 !n ! ,sw$i% repres5tative at ! ,c\rt ( ,london4 ,_m ye>s ago ,i made acqua9tance ) 8 fa!r1 ! celebrat$ ,c\nt ,plat51 :o 0 ! *ief in/rum5t 9 *ang+ ! dyna/y f ! worn-out old race1 & 9 plac+ ,b]nadotte on ! ?rone4 ,my introduction to ! ,c\nt arose 9 ?is mann]4 ,! ,c\nt took ! utmo/ int]e/ 9 ! completion ( ! great ,go?a ,canal1 :i* unites ! riv] ,go?a bel[ ! falls ( t riv] & ! l[] end ( ! great ,lake ,w]n]1 ?us complet+ ! navigation betwe5 ! :ole ( ! t[ns bord]+ ^u t lake & ,go!nburg4 ,a canal _h =m]ly be5 made betwe5 ! l[] end ( ! lake & ! riv] ,go?a 7:i* issues f x7 bel[ ! falls1 & at ! "t a v great "w x 01 b ! locks 7 s unequally di/ribut$1 & ! rise ( "s ( !m s great1 t ! navigation 0 v mu* imp$$2 ! ,c\nt1 !re=e1 came ov] to ,engl&1 aft] ! dea? ( my fa!r1 to consult ,mr4 ,tel=d1 :o 0 !n consid]$ our fir/ eng9e]1 z to :at 0 ! be/ means ( improv+ ! ,go?a ,canal1 s z to avoid ! inconv5i5ce compla9$ (4 ,mr4 ,tel=d w5t ov]1 prep>$ a plan1 & c>ri$ x into effect1 mu* to ! satisfaction ( ! ,sw$i% ,gov]nm5t4 ,dur+ ,c\nt ,plat5's visit to ,engl&1 ,mr4 ,tel=d br\ght him to ,lynn1 :]e we met z eng9e]s ( ! ,eau ,br9k ,dra9age & ,navigation1 & we expla9$ to him ! :ole ( ! ,eau ,br9k ,works1 ) :i* he 0 mu* pleas$4 ,he 0 a v sup]ior p]son1 grave & dignifi$1 ) great intellig5ce1 & ( easy1 affable mann]s4 ,! ,mayor ( ,lynn be+ in=m$ by ,mr4 ,tel=d ( 8 visit1 call$ ^u him1 & be+ introduc$1 invit$ him1 9 ! "n ( ! ,corporation1 to "o ( _! civic d9n]s1 :i* he accept$4 ,he _h1 h[ev]1 br\ght no dress suit ) him1 & inde$ 0 p]fectly indiff]5t ab\t x1 & w\ld h gone to ! mayor's fea/ 9 8 travell+ co/ume1 :i*1 to say ! lea/1 0 v r\gh4 ,tel=d consult$ me ab\t x1 & we bo? agre$ t ! ,c\nt c\ld n att5d ! d9n] )\t ! usual ev5+ dress co/ume4 ,^u ?is be+ delicately expla9$ by ,mr4 ,tel=d1 he took ! h9t & s5t = a tailor1 :o 9 ! c\rse ( a c\ple ( days equipp$ him prop]ly4 ,! greate/ att5tion 0 ( c\rse paid to him by all ! company4 ,to return to my subject4 ,z "t w5t on1 ! money m>ket got 9 su* a bad /ate--no end ( failures--t no?+ c\ld be done ) ! ,sw$i% railway1 & ,i began to ?9k all my money & lab\r w\ld be ?r[n away4 ,! p]iod = :i* ,c\nt ,ros5's concession 0 grant$ _h elaps$1 & x 0 v d\btful :e!r x w\ld be r5ew$ at all1 b x c]ta9ly w\ld n 9 any case be to ! ext5t ( ! orig9al concession1 :i* compris$ ! :ole k+dom4 ,=tunately1 h[ev]1 9 #aheb1 confid5ce 9 ! money m>ket _h be5 re/or$1 & we receiv$ a r5ewal ( ! concession = s mu* ( ! l9e z ext5d$ betwe5 ! ,lakes ,mal>i & ,w]n]1 ) a bran* to ! iron m9es ( ,nora f ,orebro1 :i* 0 z valuable z any "p ( ! l9e2 & ! ,gov]nm5t gave a gu>antee ( #d p] c5t1 on ! am\nt ( capital requir$1 namely1 #dbj1jjjl41 ) p[] to raise #afg1jjjl4 m4 ,! l9e 0 v easy1 & ,mr4 ,burge1 ! contractor1 agre$ to complete x = t sum4 ,a company 0 accord+ly =m$1 ! capital 0 imm$iately subscrib$1 & ! %>es w5t to a premium4 ,i w5t ov] to ,sw$5 aga92 appo9t$ ,mr4 ,watson resid5t eng9e]1 & ! works began & proce$$ v well = "o ye>2 un=tunately ! *airman & lead+ man on ! committee 0 ! notori\s ,john ,sadli]1 ,m4,p41 :o aft]w>ds made away ) himself ne> ,jack ,/raw's tav]n1 ,hamp/ead ,hea?1 :5 ! :ole ( 8 proce$+s 7 made public2 &1 among/ o!rs1 8 mismanagem5t ( ! ,sw$i% railway4 ,:at became ( ! money ,i nev] c\ld make out1 = ,i nev] c\ld acc\nt = above #fj1jjjl4 z hav+ be5 exp5d$ on ! works & l& comb9$2 b x is c]ta9 t acc\nts f> beyond t 7 pres5t$ to me by ! directors = my c]tificate1 :i* !y 7 oblig$ to get be=e !y c\ld be pass$ by ! ,gov]nm5t1 ?\gh ,i nev] w\ld give ! c]tificate1 because !y kept ev]y?+ back f me2 & f9d+ t matt]s 7 go+ on 9 su* a discr$itable mann]1 ,i felt t ) any reg>d = my "* ,i c\ld no long] rema9 _! eng9e]4 ,i !re=e resign$ at once1 & =tunate x 0 t ,i did s1 = ,i aft]w>ds 0 in=m$ t !y _h n only sp5t ! :ole #dbj1jjjl41 b also #afg1jjjl4 ( deb5tures1 & _h issu$ #afg1jjjl4 m )\t au?ority2 s t 9 r\nd numb]s !y _h exp5d$ ab\t #gjj1jjjl41 & _h n complet$ #ej miles ( s+le l9e1 :i* requir$ no?+ m ?an surface =mation1 & "o or two %ort l5g?s ( embankm5t & cutt+ sc>cely exce$+ #bj feet high2 = :i* #fjjjl4 p] mile complete 0 ample4 ,9 fact1 !re nev] 0 a good affair s completely mismanag$1 n to use mu* /rong] t]ms4 ,! consequ5ce 0 t aft] ,sadli]'s dea? ! :ole came out1 & ev]yone laid ! blame ^u him4 ,! p>ticul>s ,i d n "k1 & ?ank ,god ,i got cle> ( x 9 good "t1 f9d+ t x 0 impossible to rema9 ) hon\r4 ,i nev] w\ld c]tify ! acc\nts ! directors pres5t$ to me1 because ,i believ$ t at ! lea/ !y 7 9 error1 if n some?+ worse4 ,all ,i did 0 to c]tify to ! contractor1 ,mr4 ,burge 7:o1 z ,i knew1 behav$ v hone/ly71 to ! ext5t1 ,i ?9k1 ( #be1jjjl4 or #cj1jjjl4 ,?us ?is f9e conc]n w5t to ! dogs f %e] mismanagem5t1 to speak mildly1 & ! %>es1 :i* _h /ood at a premium1 7 wor? no?+2 :]eas 9 ! h&s ( any s5sible1 hone/ body ( directors1 ! l9e ought to h be5 complet$ = ! e/imate1 & w\ld h paid well4 ,! ,sw$i% ,gov]nm5t c\ld n ) ju/ice pay any gu>antee :5 no "p ( ! l9e _h be5 complet$ & no satisfactory acc\nts r5d]$2 & ,i h reason to believe t !y 7 s disgu/$ ) ! way 9 :i* ?is railway _h be5 mismanag$ by ! ,bo>d t !y w\ld h no?+ fur!r to d ) ,engli% or any o!r companies1 b det]m9$ to make all ! re/ ( ! l9es !mselves--:i* ,i und]/& !y h done--& t ! co/ did n exce$ my e/imate ( #ejjjl4 to #fjjjl4 p] mile1 includ+ /ations & roll+ /ock4 ,i _h previ\sly exam9$ sev]al o!r p>ts ( ,sw$51 & 9 ,novemb]1 #ahej1 ,i _h gone !re1 und]tak+ to deliv] on my way a confid5tial lett] f ,c\nt ,rev5tl[1 ! ,dani% ,ambassador 9 ,london1 to ! ,m9i/] ( ,=eign ,affairs at ,cop5hag54 ,we w5t by ,hamburg & ,kiel1 = at ?is "t w> 0 aga9 expect$ to break out betwe5 ,s*leswig-,hol/e9 & ,d5m>k1 & bo? p>ties 7 wat*+ "o ano!r ) ! greate/ anxiety4 ,s*leswig-,hol/e9 is n a ri* c\ntry by any means1 al?\gh !re are app>5tly "s sub/antial f>m]s4 ,! c\ntry is g5]ally flat1 ) "h & !re "s g5tle em95ces1 ) pat*es ( fir trees2 b !re are "s ext5sive mosses :i* might be reclaim$ & conv]t$ into valuable l& if prop]ly dra9$4 ,^! mosses 9 _m cases re/ ^u a b$ ( m>l1 :i* ^u be+ dug up & mix$ ) ! peat =ms mo/ valuable manure4 ,we saw _m examples ( ?is 9 ! f5s ( ,l9coln%ire1 & 9 ! nor? ( ,d5m>k4 ,i h be5 in=m$ ^u cr$ible au?ority t !re are va/ tracts ( moss l&s ly+ ^u m>l1 & small lakes :i* might easily be dra9$ & become mo/ f]tile2 & x is to be hop$ t ! ,dani% ,gov]nm5t w f9d ! means ( reclaim+ !m1 z !y w well repay ! exp5se4 ,r5dsburg1 ?r\gh :i* we pass$1 is a little t[n1 well =tifi$1 & may be made mu* /rong]4 ,kiel1 situat$ ^u a spl5did bay 9 ! ,baltic1 is ! univ]sity ( ,hol/e91 & a v neat little ?riv+ t[n1 ) prettily wood$ environs4 ,f "h we proce$$ to ,s*leswig1 ! capital ( ! prov9ce1 its inhabitants be+ p>tly ,g]mans & p>tly ,danes2 9 ! nor!rn "p ( ,s*leswig ! inhabitants are :olly ,danes4 ,! t[n ( ,s*leswig is ab\t #ab miles f ! ,baltic2 x is well built1 surr\nd$ ) a v pretty f]tile c\ntry1 well cultivat$1 & div]sifi$ ) wood4 ,!re is a good deal ( agricultural traffic ) ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 & ! place appe>$ v ?riv+ & prosp]\s4 ,we arriv$ !re ab\t six o'clock 9 ! ev5+1 ab\t two h\rs aft] d>k1 & x began to feel v cold4 ,we got to a v com=table inn1 & 7 d9+1 or r _h f9i%$ our d9n]1 :5 ! wait] ent]$ ) a quiet1 my/]i\s air1 & said1 or r :isp]$1 t a g5tleman wi%$ to speak to me4 ,kn[+ no "o 9 ! place1 ,i c\ld n conceive :at he meant2 he1 h[ev]1 repeat$ ! :isp] 9 my e> 9 ! same my/]i\s mann]4 ,:5 ,i told him to %[ ! /rang] 91 !re 0 no p]son 9 ! room b my fri5d1 ,mr4 ,william ,sim1 aft]w>ds ! solicitor to ! ,sw$i% ,railway ,company1 :o _h accompani$ me4 ,imm$iately aft] ! wait]'s dep>ture ! door op5$1 & 9 came a g5tleman muffl$ up to ! eyes 9 a blue milit>y cloak4 ,he cauti\sly %ut ! door1 !n uncov]$ 8 face1 & look+ /eal?ily r\nd1 & obs]v+ nobody b ,sim & myself1 advanc$ at once to ! table1 ?rew (f 8 cloak1 took (f 8 cap1 & salut$ me z a naval (fic]4 ,i motion$ him to be seat$1 :i* he c\rte\sly decl9$1 & address+ himself to me1 said t he _h be5 in=m$ t ,i 0 ! ,engli% g5tleman :o _h br\ght despat*es ( importance f ,c\nt ,rev5tl[ to ! ,dani% ,gov]nm5t1 & t he 0 a ,dani% naval (fic]1 & _h be5 s5t by ! comm&+ (fic] ( ,als5 to reque/ t ,i w\ld deliv] up my despat*es to him1 z x 0 ( ! utmo/ consequ5ce t !y %\ld be deliv]$ to ! ,dani% ,gov]nm5t z soon z possible4 ,i told him t ,i 0 p]fectly unacqua9t$ ) him1 & t ,i c\ld n d s )\t a p]sonal conf]5ce ) ! ,g5]al comm&+ at ,als51 because ^! despat*es _h be5 confid$ to me by ! ,dani% ,m9i/] 9 ,london1 & z a po9t ( hon\r ,i c\ld n deliv] !m to any b an accr$it$ (fic] ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,he !n said t if ,i w\ld be at ,dussel1 opposite to ,als51 ! foll[+ morn+1 at eight o'clock1 ! ,g5]al w\ld h a boat ready to take me ov] to ! isl&1 & w\ld h a w> /eam] 9 read9ess to take me to ,kosoa1 :]e ,i c\ld readily get to ,cop5hag54 ,i accord+ly agre$ to be at ,dussel ! foll[+ morn+ at eight o'clock4 ,! (fic]1 :o 0 a p]fect g5tleman1 !n muffl$ himself up 9 8 cloak1 & reque/+ t we %\ld say no?+ ab\t 8 arrival1 quietly left ! room4 ,sim & myself ord]$ a c>riage ) f\r horses to be ready ! foll[+ morn+ at six o'clock1 paid our bill1 & w5t to b$4 ,dur+ ! night !re _h be5 a v heavy fall ( sn[1 & :5 we />t$ !re 0 "s difficulty 9 mov+ =w>d4 ,we 7 !re=e oblig$ to take extra horses1 & pass+ by ! n[ celebrat$ heights ( ,dussel1 rea*$ ! %ore opposite ! isl& ( ,als5 precisely at ! "t appo9t$1 :]e we f\nd a boat ) f\r o>s ready to take u across ! ,s\nd 7:i* 0 ab\t half a mile wide72 "h we 7 receiv$ by ! ,g5]al 9 full uni=m4 ,i !n deliv]$ him ! despat*es1 = :i* he felt v mu* oblig$1 & we w5t on bo>d a small w> /eam]1 :i* got "u way imm$iately1 & l&$ u at ,kosoa1 n f> f ,cop5hag51 :]e we slept4 ,next day we exam9$ ! ca!dral at ,roskeld1 & rea*$ ,cop5hag5 9 ! ev5+4 ,:5 ,i fir/ visit$ ,sw$51 a va/ quantity ( br&y di/ill$ f potatoes 0 consum$2 s mu* s1 t ! c\ntry 01 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 demoraliz$1 & drunk5ness 0 v common2 & ! f>!r nor? y w5t1 ! worse x 04 ,! ,gov]nm5t !re=e det]m9$ to take e means 9 its p[] to suppress x4 ,heavy duties 7 impos$ on potato br&y2 & s9ce t "t1 ,i am glad to he> t drunk5ness has consid]ably abat$4 ,! ,sw$es are an excell5t1 op5-he>t$1 gallant1 & g5]\s p1 & mo/ amiable & hospitable4 ,i 0 treat$ ) ! greate/ k9dness by !m1 = :i* ,i %all always feel grateful4 ,*ri/mas is a g5]al holiday ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry = a mon?1 comm5c+ ) ,*ri/mas ,eve4 ,dur+ t "t1 sc>cely any bus9ess is done4 ,!re is no?+ b visit+ & social p>ties f morn+ to night2 & x requires a /rong /oma* & head to g ?r\gh t fe/ive ordeal )\t feel+ ! worse = x4 ,:5 once ent]$ ! h\se1 y _c refuse to accept _! k9d & pr(use hospitality4 ,z a specim51 :5ev] a m>riage takes place1 ! bride n only appe>s be=e h] fri5ds1 b ! h\se is ?r[n op5 to ! public1 & ev]ybody is at lib]ty to ent] & pay 8 respects to ! bride & bridegroom1 :o receive all com]s 9 full-dress bridal co/ume2 & refre%m5ts ( all k9ds are 9 great pr(usion4 ,:5 ,i 0 !re a m>riage took place betwe5 two noble families1 to :i* ,i 0 invit$4 ,! bride & bridegroom 7 bo? "y1 & bride v h&some & spl5didly dress$4 ,i 0 mo/ k9dly receiv$ & ent]ta9$1 & did n get home until v late 9 ! morn+4 ,i f\nd t ,i _h tak5 z mu* z ,i c\ld dec5tly c>ry1 & if ,i _h n escap$ at ! "t ,i did1 ,i mu/ h rema9$ all ! next day1 z _m ( ! bridegroom's fri5ds did4 ,9 ,sw$5 ,i made acqua9tance1 among/ _m o!rs1 ) our excell5t ,consul1 ,major ,pr+le1 :o dur+ ! la/ ,am]ican w> _h ! comm& ( ,wa%+ton = tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,i 0 frequ5tly a gue/ at 8 h\se1 & ,i owe _m ?anks to him & 8 amiable wife & family = _! great k9dness & hospitality4 ,ano!r excell5t fell[ 0 ,mr41 or ,colonel1 ,elswor?y 7z he call$ himself71 ! ,am]ican ,consul4 ,he 0 a ba*elor1 & kept op5 h\se1 & he 0 s exce$+ly hospitable1 & press$ 8 gue/s s /rongly1 t x 0 ) ! greate/ difficulty y c\ld escape sob] en\gh to rea* y\r qu>t]s ) safety4 ,! woods ( ,sw$5 7 be+ fa/ cle>$ away1 bo? to furni% fuel = ! iron manufactory1 9 :i* a great quantity 0 consum$1 & also t ! l& might be us$ = agriculture1 s t ?is s\rce ( fuel = iron mak+ is rapidly disappe>+4 ,9 addition to ^! causes may be m5tion$ ! great export ( timb] to e "p ( ,europe = build+ & o!r purposes4 ,x is true t l>ge =e/s ( f9e timb] /ill exi/ f>!r nor?1 & also 9 ,norway1 b !n ! exp5se ( transport to ! iron di/ricts w be v heavy2 yet z ,sw$i% iron is s v valuable1 on acc\nt ( its magnetic prop]ties1 = mak+ /eel1 a l>ge quantity mu/ always be requir$ = ! s\!rn m>kets ( ,europe1 & ) ! great] co/ ( fuel ! price ( ,sw$i% iron mu/ increase4 ,! ,bessem] process has consid]ably r$uc$ ! exp5se ( produc+ good iron 9 ,engl&1 & also = conv]t+ x into /eel1 /ill ! ,sw$i% iron is s mu* bett] t !re w always be a c]ta9 dem& = x4 ,x becomes a "q1 !n1 :e!r x w\ld n be wor? :ile to export ! ,sw$i% ore to ,engl&1 :]e !re is pl5ty ( fuel1 & :]e x c\ld be conv]t$ into ! be/ iron at ! lea/ exp5se4 ,w\ld x n be *eap] to d ?is1 ?an to manufacture ! iron 9 ,sw$51 :]e fuel is s mu* de>]8 & z ! ,sw$i% iron ore is v ri* comp>$ ) ours1 except ! haematite1 ! extra freight w\ld soon be rec\p$4 ,i ?9k x is by no means improbable t x w come to ?is at la/4 ,ab\t ! "t t ! ,railway gu>antee 0 obta9$ f ! ,sw$i% ,gov]nm5t1 & ! company 0 successfully />t$1 ano!r und]tak+ 0 propos$ to me by a ,m4 ,von ,al/e91 a ,belgian proprietor1 & a man ( "s influ5ce & prop]ty 9 t k+dom4 ,! ,dut* ,gov]nm5t 0 anxi\s to get a m direct & con/ant navigation up ! ,s*eldt1 z t r\nd by ,b]g5-op-,zoon 0 only practicable f half tide to high wat]1 :ile at l[ wat] ! :ole *annel 0 completely dry4 ,x 0 consid]$1 also1 t ! :ole ( ! old *annel might be fill$ up & conv]t$ into valuable l&1 s t ! f]tile isl& ( ,/4 ,bevel& might be jo9$ to ! ma9l&1 & ?us ! k+dom w\ld be greatly b5efit$4 ,! ,gov]nm5t did n1 h[ev]1 want to und]take ! necess>y works itself1 b 0 ready to give up ! :ole ( ! old *annel to any company t w\ld con/ruct ! new canal above m5tion$1 z well z an embankm5t & road across ! old *annel1 s z to connect ! isl& ( ,/4 ,bevel& ) ! ma9l&4 ,accord+ly ^u ^! t]ms a concession 0 grant$ to ,m4 ,von ,al/e9 & o!rs1 giv+ !m ! :ole ( ! l&s to be reclaim$1 :i* w\ld am\nt to a v consid]able tract4 ,! plan1 ^u due inve/igation1 appe>$ to (f] consid]able advantages to any p>ty :o w\ld und]take x4 ,x 0 accord+ly br\ght be=e ! ,engli% public4 ,a ,belgian & ,engli% company 0 =m$ to c>ry x out4 ,! money 0 duly subscrib$1 & ,mr4 ,?omas ,hut*+s1 at t "t a l>ge railway contractor1 & consid]$ to possess und\bt$ means1 (f]$ to take a l>ge numb] ( %>es4 ,he accord+ly became ! contractor = ! "w1 & ,i 0 appo9t$ ! eng9e]-9-*ief1 :ile ,m4 ,von ,al/e9 became ! manag+ director1 & a ,m4 ,dronk]1 a ,dut* eng9e] & contractor ( consid]able exp]i5ce1 0 appo9t$ by ,mr4 ,hut*+s sub-contractor "u him4 ,i w5t ov] to ,holl& to exam9e ! :ole di/rict & ! works propos$1 & x appe>$ to me t if !y 7 prop]ly c>ri$ into effect1 x w\ld turn out a v fair speculation1 yield+ consid]able pr(it4 ,my visit 0 made 9 ,decemb]1 #ahea4 ,?+s hav+1 9 #aheb1 be5 satisfactorily settl$ ) ! ,gov]nm5t at ! ,hague1 z soon z ! wea!r w\ld p]mit1 arrangem5ts 7 made = comm5c+ ! works1 & 9 ! mon? ( ,june ,mr4 ,hut*+s1 myself1 & ! ,engli% & ,belgian directors be+ pres5t1 ! fir/ sod ( ! canal 0 turn$ ) consid]able c]emony by "o ( ! ,dut* ,pr9ces4 ,:il/ ! canal 0 proce$+1 ! company 0 emp[]$ to enclose z mu* ( ! l& ( ! old *annel z 0 consid]$ advisable by a jury ( ,dut* exp]ts1 )\t :om no?+ c\ld be done4 ,m4 ,von ,al/e91 ! manag] ( ! company1 att5d$1 & ! jury m>k$ out a space 9 ! old *annel ( ! ,s*eldt1 :i* 0 always cov]$ to a consid]able ext5t at high wat] ( spr+ tides1 & ev5 neap tides1 includ+ ! gre5 m>% z well z ! s&s4 ,! ,dut* jury m>k$ a space ( #cjjj acres1 :i* includ$ ab\t "o-?ird ( gre5 m>% & two-?irds ( s&--"p ( :i* 0 clayey2 :5 ?is 0 done1 ,i w5t ov] to exam9e x1 & 0 mu* surpris$ to f9d t s l>ge a space _h be5 decid$ ^u4 ,i said to ,m4 ,von ,al/e91 ! director1 t ,i ?\ght x 0 f> too mu* to be tak5 9 at once2 t x w\ld co/ a great deal ( money2 t ! s&s 7 n wor? ! exp5se2 & t ,i ?\ght x w\ld be f> bett] to conf9e ! intake to ! gre5 m>%es = ! pres5t ye>1 & t be=e ! s&s 7 tak5 9 !y ought to be work$ up s z to become gre5 m>%es4 ,=1 9 fact1 9 ,engl&1 :]e ,i _h reclaim$ _m ?\s& acres1 ,i nev] ?\ght ( enclos+ b>e s&s4 ,! manag]1 h[ev]1 told me t 0 totally contr>y to ! ,dut* sy/em1 & z ! jury _h decid$ ^u tak+ ! s&s z well z ! gre5 m>%es to ! ext5t above m5tion$1 x mu/ be done1 & he w\ld n li/5 to my recomm5dation ( tak+ 9 a less quantity4 ,! ,dut* eng9e]s also fix$ ! dim5sions & =m ( ! embankm5ts1 :i* ,i did n approve (4 ,9 fact1 ,i disapprov$ ( ! :ole plan1 & told ,m4 ,von ,al/e9 my op9ion1 & t ,i c\ld n take ^u myself ! responsibility4 ,! manag] said t ! works mu/ be c>ri$ into effect z decid$ by ! ,dut* jury & ! ,dut* eng9e]s4 ,i 0 !re=e oblig$ to be sil5t1 p>ticul>ly z ,mr4 ,hut*+s1 :o 0 ! contractor & also ! lead+ %>ehold]1 _h cons5t$ to x4 ,! works accord+ly began "u ,m4 ,dronk]1 ,mr4 ,hut*+s' sub-contractor2 & ,mr4 ,br[n1 "o ( ,mr4 ,hut*+s' p>tn]s1 0 s5t ov] to sup]9t5d ! works on ! "p ( ,hut*+s1 ,br[n1 & ,wright4 ,i rema9$ "s "t on ! spot1 & _h a boat fitt$ up to live 9 at ,b>?1 = !re 7 no lodg+s to be _h4 ,i soon saw by ! mann] 9 :i* ,m4 ,dronk] 0 c>ry+ on ! works t !y c\ld n succe$1 & ,i wrote repeat$ly to ,mr4 ,hut*+s to come ov]1 o!rwise he w\ld be ru9$1 z 8 p>tn]--,br[n--knew no?+ ab\t x1 & all[$ ,dronk] to proce$ z he lik$4 ,x appe>$ to me z if x 0 no?+ m nor less ?an ?r[+ away money by h&fuls1 no adequate am\nt ( "w be+ done = x4 ,i nev] saw su* gross mismanagem5t 9 my life4 ,!re 7 f twelve to ?irte5 hundr$ m5 employ$ at #cs4 to #ds4 a day1 ) a numb] ( assi/ants1 & !y 7 n do+ "w en\gh = half t numb]4 ,i also expo/ulat$ ) ,dronk]1 ! ,dut* contractor1 b he w\ld n li/5 to me1 & said t he w\ld d z he lik$4 ,! works cont9u$ to proce$ 9 ?is mann]1 & ,i wrote almo/ e po/ to ,hut*+s to come ov] himself )\t delay1 or to /op ! works1 = x 0 impossible to complete !m = any reasonable sum 9 ! mann] 9 :i* !y 7 be+ c>ri$ on4 ,i told him1 moreov]1 t x 0 9 va9 to attempt to reclaim #cjjj acres at once1 & ! bett] plan w\ld be to conf9e 8 op]ations1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 to tak+ 9 ! gre5 m>%1 :i* 0 ab\t #ajjj acres1 & to wait until ! s&s 7 work$ on ! outside1 :i* w\ld be done mu* m rapidly :5 once ! gre5 m>% 0 enclos$4 ,i told ! manag] & ,dronk] ! same2 h[ev]1 !y w\ld n li/54 ,at l5g?1 aft] great difficulty1 ,i got !m to divide ! enclosure into two p>ts1 ea* consi/+ ( #aejj acres1 & ,i hop$ t ,i %\ld be able to induce !m to subdivide ^! two aga9 into #gej ea*4 ,by ?is means ! gre5 m>% 9 ea* division w\ld h be5 r$uc$ to ab\t #ejj acres1 :i* w\ld easily h be5 enclos$ at a consid]able pr(it1 leav+ ! s&s to be dealt ) h]eaft] accord+ to circum/ances4 ,h[ev]1 no?+ w\ld d b !y mu/ cont9ue pu%+ on ! out] bank ov] ! s&s1 :i* ,i saw 0 impracticable at any co/ )9 reason4 ,at la/1 ,hut*+s came ov] himself1 & :5 he visit$ ! works held up 8 h&s 9 a/oni%m5t1 & saw t he 0 a ru9$ man4 ,by ?is "t money ran %ort1 ! workm5 rebell$ = wages & ?reat5$ de/ruction to ,hut*+s & all conc]n$2 & ! ,dut* ,gov]nm5t1 be+ appli$ to1 s5t ?ree hundr$ soldi]s & two arm$ cutt]s to keep ord]4 ,! m5 7 paid1 great numb]s 7 dis*>g$1 & ! works w5t on ^u a mu* bett] sy/em1 & consid]able progress 0 made1 b /ill !y w\ld n conf9e !mselves to ! enclosure ( ! gre5 m>%4 ,aft] a great deal ( difficulty !y ne>ly succe$$ 9 enclos+ #aejj acres ne> to ,b>?2 b be=e ?is c\ld be done ,hut*+s' funds 7 exhau/$1 & he 0 oblig$ to /op paym5t4 ,if my advice _h be5 foll[$ ?is nev] w\ld h occurr$4 ,"s fre% p>ties !n jo9$ ! conc]n1 &1 adopt+ my advice1 conf9$ !mselves to enclos+ ! #ajjj acres ( m>% l&4 ,at c]ta9 times ( ! ye>1 p>ticul>ly at ! end ( summ] & 9 ! autumn1 x is difficult to conceive a m un:olesome di/rict1 z at ^? times ! m>% fev] inv>iably makes its appe>ance ) ! mo/ deadly effect4 ,i _h sev]al f9e1 /rong1 heal?y "y m5 z assi/ants ) me1 liv+ 9 my %ip1 & at d9n] x 0 by no means uncommon to see "o tak5 ill & fall (f 8 *air4 ,! only rem$y 0 to give him a /rong /imulant ( w9e or br&y1 wrap him up 9 blankets1 & s5d him (f z quietly z possible4 ,=tunately ,i _h be5 s ?or\ghly cur$ ( my fev] :5 at ,naples1 z be=e m5tion$1 t ,i _h become z x 7 acclimatiz$ & nev] exp]i5c$ ! lea/ attack4 ,! isl& ( ,/4 ,bevel&1 :]e ^! works 7 c>ri$ on1 is "o ( ! mo/ ri*1 & f]tile di/ricts imag9able1 teem+ ) luxuri\s vegetation ( e k9d1 & ab\nd+ 9 beautiful little villages1 ! v models ( cleanl9ess & com=t2 b among/ !m ! fev] lurks 9 ! mo/ insidi\s =m4 ,mr4 ,br[n1 a f9e1 p[]ful man ( ab\t =ty-five1 :il/ sup]9t5d+ ^! works = 8 p>tn]s & himself1 _h an excell5t h\se 9 ! village ( ,y]sike1 ab\t f\r miles di/ant1 suppli$ ) e ,engli% com=t bo? ( furniture & provisions2 b aft] a "t he caught ! fev]1 :i* /uck to him = a consid]able "t1 & ultimately he 0 oblig$ to leave ! place1 z o!rwise he mu/ h succumb$4 ,! ,dut* nev] g out 9 ! morn+ )\t tak+ a cup ( c(fee & a dram ( bitt]s1 compos$ ( g5tian1 qu99e1 & g91 & a pipe1 :i* is sc>cely ev] out ( _! m\?s1 & !y repeat ! dose at night & n unfrequ5tly dur+ ! day4 ,9 ! ,engli% f5s & l[l&s we d pretty mu* ! same1 & good port w9e & qu99e are consid]$ a specific2 b ,i d n ?9k t ! fev] is s bad ) u z 9 ,holl&2 ! cause may be t ^! ,dut* isl&s be+ surr\nd$ by ! sea1 ! tide leaves a l>ge surface ( mud expos$ to ! action ( ! sun1 & ?us a consid]able am\nt ( mal>ia is eng5d]$2 ?is ,i h always f\nd to prevail mo/ d5sely :]e !re are trees1 :i* prev5t x f be+ dissipat$2 s t x is always saf] to be 9 a boat1 or 9 a h\se )\t any trees ne> x1 s z to be expos$ to ! free circulation ( ! air1 also to sleep at lea/ #bj feet above ! gr\nd4 ,! :ole ( ! seabo>d ( ,holl& requires to be remodell$4 ,! num]\s *annels ?r\gh :i* ! tidal & fre% wat]s pass occupy a consid]able surface :i* is comp>atively useless1 & only s]ve to det]iorate ! ma9 *annels ( ! riv]s1 & ?us prev5t !m f dis*>g+ _! wat]s effectually1 & s keep+ !m op51 9 ! be/ /ate = dra9age & navigation4 ,if ^! sup]flu\s *annels 7 fill$ up1 & ! isl&s :i* !y surr\nd 7 unit$ to ! ma9l&1 a great quantity ( valuable l& w\ld be ga9$ to ! ,/ate2 ! ext5sive embankm5ts :i* are n[ necess>y to prev5t ^! isl&s f be+ subm]g$1 & :i* entail a great & con/ant tax ^u ! k+dom1 w\ld be consid]ably r$uc$2 ! ma9 riv]s & h>b\rs w\ld be mat]ially improv$1 & ! g5]al surface ( ! wat] 9 ! int]ior w\ld be l[]$2 ! dra9age also might be improv$ 9 ! same mann]1 s z to r5d] a consid]ably less am\nt ( artificial dra9age p[] necess>y1 :i* w\ld 9 turn cause a correspond+ r$uction ( ! taxes2 :ile ! l& w\ld be greatly improv$1 because ! pres5t g5]al body ( wat] is too ne> ! surface1 s t x is impossible to c>ry on agriculture to ! greate/ advantage2 also ! risk ( break+ ! banks w\ld be greatly r$uc$4 ,i ?9k1 moreov]1 t ! va/ multitude ( %oals :i* skirt ! coa/ might1 by ! adoption ( prop] means--& ^? n exp5sive1 comp>$ to ! object to be obta9$--be rais$ suffici5tly s z to be conv]t$ into valuable l&1 & be add$ to ! k+dom ) consid]able pr(it1 :ile ! navigation along ! coa/ & 9 ! int]ior might be greatly improv$4 ,fur!r1 ! :ole ( ! ,zuyd] ,zee1 :i* is said to h be5 "u cultivation 9 e>ly times1 might be reclaim$4 ,z extraord9>y spr+ tides seldom rise high along ^! coa/s1 & z vegetation g5]ally takes place at ! level ( high wat] ( neap tides1 ! l&s on ! coa/1 if prop]ly manag$1 %\ld n be above #d or #e feet bel[ ! level ( high wat] ( spr+ tides1 al?\gh ,i believe x is a fact t _m tracts 9 ! int]ior are mu* l[]1 & ?is arises f _! hav+ be5 embank$ too soon4 ,n[ t ^! l&s h be5 br\ght into cultivation at va/ exp5se1 x w\ld be difficult to raise !m )\t r5d]+ !m useless = a consid]able "t4 ,/ill1 9 all contemplat$ new enclosures1 ! l&s %\ld be rais$ by w>p+1 t is1 accumulat+ ! alluvial matt]1 :i* c always be done if prop]ly manag$ up to ! level ( high wat] ( neap tides4 ,9 fact1 ,i repeat1 a consid]able ext5t ( ,holl& has be5 embank$ too soon1 & :at has be5 done x w\ld be extremely difficult1 p]haps n advisable1 to di/urb2 al?\gh1 if any ( ^! v l[ l&s are n suffici5tly f]tile1 x w\ld be well to w>p !m up ) fre% soil4 ,!y might ?us be suffici5tly rais$ to d away ) ! great] "p ( ! artificial p[] n[ requir$ to keep !m dry1 & be r5d]$ v f]tile2 ?us a d\ble advantage w\ld be ga9$4 ,?is subject is well wor?y ( ! s]i\s att5tion ( ! ,dut* ,gov]nm5t & its able /aff ( hydraulic eng9e]s1 :o1 nev]!less1 g too mu* ^u ! old r\t9e1 & pref] pat*+ up ! old sy/em 9 pref]5ce to /rik+ out a new c\rse4 ,probably ?is is n ! fault ( ! eng9e]s1 z !y w\ld naturally attempt any new c\rse :]eby !y might di/+ui% !mselves4 ,! ,gov]nm5t1 also1 w\ld mo/ likely be induc$ to adopt any new me?od1 provid$ t x c\ld see its way to bett]+ ! condition ( ! c\ntry4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! ,gov]nm5t feels great dis9cl9ation to dep>t f an old sy/em :i*1 x may be said ) "s reason1 has cont9u$ s _m ye>s1 has answ]$ its purpose v well1 & has r5d]$ ,holl&1 "u ! circum/ances1 "o ( ! mo/ extraord9>y c\ntries 9 ! _w4 ,?is is v true2 b !n x mu/ be recollect$ t hydraulic sci5ce has advanc$ l o!r sci5ces1 & :at w\ld be consid]$ good practice "s c5turies back w\ld n be ?\ght s n[4 ,! ,dut* introduc$ _! sy/em into ,engl& 9 ! reign ( ,*>les ,i41 :5 ,v]muyd5 0 consid]$ ! fir/ hydraulic eng9e] ( ! "t4 ,he c]ta9ly 0 consid]ably 9 advance ( ! ,engli% eng9e]s ( t p]iod2 b at ! pres5t "t 8 me?od w\ld be :olly inadequate to deal ) ! circum/ances to be enc\nt]$1 & x 0 ab&on$ long ago4 ,! comb9ation sy/em1 & comp>atively n>r[ *annels1 comb9$ ) w>p+ ! l&1 is :at is requir$ 9 ,holl& z 9 all o!r c\ntries simil>ly situat$4 ,9 #ahee ,i w5t to ,portugal1 at ! reque/ ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 to make arrangem5ts = a g5]al sy/em ( railways & o!r works4 ,z we pass$ ! ,=t ,belem1 at ! entrance ( ! ,tagus1 ! view gradually op5$ out1 until y obta9$ a c\p d'il ( ! :ole1 :i* really is v f9e & /rik+4 ,fancy a range ( /reets1 h\ses1 palaces1 & *ur*es ris+ rapidly f ! wat]'s edge until !y cr[n ! summits ( ! hills on :i* !y are built1 back$ by ! picturesque outl9e ( ! ,c9tra hills1 & ext5d+ = upw>ds ( ?ree miles4 ,we l&$ at ! cu/om h\se1 close by ! ,plaza1 commonly call$ by ! ,engli% ,blackhorse ,squ>e1 f ! f9e eque/rian figure ( ! ,m>quis ( ,pombal 9 ! c5tre4 ,?is is c]ta9ly a h&some squ>e1 surr\nd$ by all ! public (fices1 t]m9at$ 9 ! c5tre1 on ! s\?1 by a f9e triumphal ar*way1 :i* leads by a spaci\s /reet to ! squ>e ( ,dom ,p$ro4 ,beyond ?is are ! public g>d5s1 v ta/efully laid out4 ,i 0 introduc$ to ,dom ,f]n&o1 ! husb& ( ! late ,dona ,m>ia1 ,que5 ( ,portugal1 & at t "t ,reg5t dur+ ! m9ority ( 8 son4 ,he 0 ( ! ,h\se ( ,coburg1 & bro!r to ! late ,pr9ce ,consort4 ,he receiv$ me v graci\sly1 & spoke ,engli% v well1 al?\gh ) a peculi> acc5t4 ,8 ,royal ,highness aft]w>ds invit$ me to a ball & supp]1 at ! ,palace ( ,belem1 :i* 0 extremely well manag$1 )\t magnific5ce or o/5tation4 ,i 0 !re introduc$ to ! ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 ,signor ,mello de ,fontes1 a "y man ( great tal5t & an excell5t orator4 ,on ! foll[+ day ,i att5d$ a laun* at ! docky>d1 :i* 0 hon\r$ by ! pres5ce ( ! ,pr9ce ,reg5t1 & "h ,i 0 introduc$ to ! ,duke de ,saldanha1 ,presid5t ( ! ,cab9et2 ! ,duke de ,t]eira & 8 amiable wife2 ,visc\nt de ,b&i]a1 toge!r ) ! di/+ui%$ m5 ( all p>ties4 ,be=e proce$+ to ,oporto ,i 0 oblig$ to rema9 sev]al days until ,i c\ld get my (ficial in/ructions z to :at !y requir$4 ,i employ$ ! int]im 9 visit+ ! diff]5t objects 9 ,lisbon mo/ wor?y ( ! travell]'s notice4 ,i fir/ w5t to ! great aqu$uct1 :i* is really a v gr& & magnific5t "w1 ! f9e/ ( ! k9d 9 ,europe1 & e "p is readily accessible4 ,x ent]s at ! highe/ "p ( ! nor!rn portion ( ! t[n1 & conveys ! wat] to a l>ge artificial res]voir1 :5ce x is di/ribut$ by pipes to f\nta9s situat$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! t[n1 & f ^! f\nta9s x is c>ri$ to ! v>i\s h\ses by means ( c>ri]s & wat]-c>ts4 ,^! c>ri]s are *iefly ,gallegoes or ,spani>ds f ! ,biscayan ,prov9ces1 :o are all[$ to *>ge s mu* p] b>rel4 ,x is s+ul> to see !m travell+ ab\t f "o "p ( ! t[n to ! o!r ) cries ( 8,agua10 & x is m s+ul> /ill t ?is practice %\ld h be5 all[$ to cont9ue s long1 to ! great & unnecess>y tax ^u ! inhabitants1 :]e1 if pipes 7 only laid to ! h\ses1 ! wat] might be di/ribut$ at probably "o-t5? ( ! co/4 ,! ,gallegoes are a h>d-work+1 temp]ate race1 :o save e p5ny !y c1 & z soon z possible retire to _! own c\ntry to enjoy ! h>d-e>n$ fruits ( _! lab\rs4 ,! wat] be=e x rea*es ! city is collect$ 9 res]voirs di/ribut$ ab\t ! valleys1 at ! base ( ! ,c9tra hills1 b ^! res]voirs are ^u too small a scale1 & 9 dry seasons ! wat] is v sc>ce4 ,a ,portuguese company has s9ce be5 =m$ to enl>ge ! works1 increase ! supply1 & deliv] x direct to ! h\ses1 b1 l mo/ ,portuguese companies ( ! k9d1 has fail$ f ! want ( und]/&+ ! subject & f mismanagem5t4 ,i visit$ ! f9e old ,ca!dral ( ,belem1 built 9 hon\r ( ,pr9ce ,h5ry1 ! ,portuguese navigator4 ,! /yle is a species ( ri*ly florid ,go?ic1 & ! int]ior is spaci\s & impos+4 ,!re 0 an hospital = invalid sailors atta*$ to x1 :i* is n[ conv]t$ into a naval academy4 ,i also visit$ ! ,ca/le ( ,belem close by1 :]e all %ips com+ to ,lisbon are oblig$ to /op & %[ _! pap]s & get pratique be=e !y are all[$ to proce$4 ,! ca/le itself is a v small =tress1 built 9 ! ,moori% /yle1 & m\nts a few light brass guns1 & is mann$ by ab\t fifty artill]ym54 ,x is a v pretty object to look ^u1 b z a =tress x is good = no?+4 ,!re is ano!r =t1 call$ ,/4 ,julian1 ab\t five or six miles l[] d[n1 on ! same side1 :i* comm&s ! *annel pass+ close to x1 b x also 0 9 a dilapidat$ condition1 ) a few light guns4 ,x is c]ta9ly mu* /rong] ?an t ( ,belem1 b :olly unfit to prev5t ! passage ( any l>ge vessel ( w>1 or to resi/ a l& attack4 ,!re is ano!r small =t ne> ! b> at ! entrance ( ! s\!rn *annel4 ,?is =t is circul>1 & call$ ! ,bugia4 ,9 ! c5tre is a ligh?\se1 ) a revolv+ light4 ,?is also z a =t is good = no?+4 ,i accompani$ ,dom ,f]n&o & 8 m9i/]s to exam9e ! entrance ( ! ,tagus1 :i* 0 said to be det]iorat+4 ,9 ! nor!rn *annel1 dur+ ! heavy s\?-we/ gales1 :i* are v preval5t1 !re is a v heavy brok5 sea1 :i* at times _c be pass$ )\t great dang]4 ,! /r5g? ( ^! gales :5 at _! utmo/ is extraord9>y4 ,! waves break ) trem5d\s viol5ce on ! %ore1 & c>ry ! s& 9 va/ masses to a consid]able di/ance in%ore1 s z to r5d] ! soil p]fectly b>r5 on ! nor? side ( ! entrance4 ,^! s&s ext5d = sev]al miles1 & ! :ole coa/ is cov]$ ) x4 ,at l[ wat]1 9 "s places1 !y are dry dur+ ! ebb = a mile & upw>ds4 ,! port ( ,lisbon prop]ly speak+ is at ! cu/om h\se1 :i* imm$iately adjo9s ,blackhorse ,squ>e4 ,x consi/s ( no?+ m ?an an op5 road/ead1 :]e all ! m]cantile vessels lie at _! an*ors1 & are load$ & unload$ by means ( light]s1 at great delay & co/1 & ) frequ5t int]ruptions f heavy gales ( w9d2 b x r>ely happ5s t ! vessels suff] any mat]ial damage1 z ! m\? ( ! riv]1 al?\gh ab\t sev5 miles wide1 is nev] s]i\sly agitat$4 ,docks or l&+ jetties might be made "h ) consid]able advantage to ! trade4 ,at ! reque/ ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 ,i prep>$ "s plans ^u a mod]ate scale4 ,docks also might h be5 made 9 ! bay to ! we/w>d1 al?\gh x w\ld h involv$ ! removal ( ! cu/om h\se1 :i* w\ld1 h[ev]1 be a great improvem5t4 ,! naval docky>d & ,admiralty are close by1 &1 9 fact1 =m "p ( ! we/ side ( ,blackhorse ,squ>e4 ,x is a mis]able place1 & consi/s ( a dry dock1 two or ?ree build+ slips1 ) a rop]y1 & "s w>eh\ses1 all 9 ! mo/ antique fa%ion1 & suppli$ ) cranes1 tools1 c41 ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,9 fact1 x requir$ to be :olly remodell$ & remov$ to ! bay above m5tion$4 ,! ,gov]nm5t has s9ce !n p>t$ ) ?is bay to a private company1 :i* has ne>ly fill$ x up1 & propose to conv]t x into build+ gr\nd4 ,z ! ,great ,ea/]n & ,nor!rn ,railway t]m9ates on ! ea/ side ( ! cu/om h\se1 docks 9 connection ) x might be made betwe5 x & ! cu/om h\se1 & z ^! are s obvi\sly want$1 x is n improbable t !y w be made "s "t h5ce2 b1 un=tunately1 f "s cause or ano!r1 ! railways h be5 mismanag$1 & ! ,gov]nm5t has no funds to und]take any great works itself4 ,! road/ead = l>ge =eign vessels ( w> is situat$ ab\t a mile & a half l[] d[n1 ne>] to ! s\!rn %ore1 :]e !re is ample dep? ( wat]1 & :]e !y are completely out ( ! way ( ! m]*ant vessels4 ,! *annel1 f ! entrance at ,belem to ,blackhorse ,squ>e1 is ab\t ?ree miles long1 & f two to two & a half miles wide4 ,x !n bran*es out to ab\t sev5 miles wide1 & cont9ues m or less ( ab\t ! same wid? = n9e or t5 miles1 :5 x contracts to a mile1 s t x may be readily imag9$ t ! h>b\r is "o ( ! f9e/ & mo/ spaci\s 9 ,europe1 always except+ t ( ,vigo4 ,at ,lisbon ,i visit$ ! collection ( royal /ate c>riages1 :i*1 )\t d\bt1 is ! f9e/ & mo/ ext5sive any:]e4 ,i ?9k ,i c\nt$ ne>ly fifty1 gilt & decorat$ ) ! royal arms 9 ! mo/ elaborate mann]4 ,^u ! panels are v beautiful pa9t+s execut$ by fir/-rate arti/s4 ,"s ( ^! c>riages are above two c5turies old2 & x is curi\s to obs]ve1 t :il/ ! decorations are mo/ elegant & f9i%$ 9 ! highe/ /yle ( art1 ! ironwork1 spr+s1 c41 9 _m ( ^! are ( ! rude/ description4 ,! ,sunday aft] my arrival !re 0 a gr& bull fight1 :i* ,dom ,f]n&o & "s ( ! royal pr9ces hon\r$ ) _! pres5ce4 ,^! bull fights are totally diff]5t f ^? ( ,spa94 ,"h ! bulls h _! horns capp$ ) l>ge bosses ( wood1 s t !y c d no h>m1 :il/1 on ! o!r h&1 !y are nev] kill$4 ,in/ead ( be+ tortur$ ) b>b$ arr[s & spe>s by a ho/ ( b&]ill]os & picadores1 & :5 ?or\ghly exhau/$ & worn out kill$ by ! matador1 !y are enc\nt]$ by ab\t a doz5 /\t & mo/ active m51 accu/om$ to ! fight4 ,^! grapple ) ! bull1 & ma/] him by ma9 =ce1 & p9 him d[n to ! gr\nd1 & "s ( ! mo/ p[]ful & skilful w1 ( a sudd51 seize ! bull by ! horns1 & ?r[+ _! :ole weight ^u ! animal1 completely roll him ov]1 :5 he becomes p]fectly helpless4 ,?is is a great feat1 & is mo/ en?usia/ically applaud$4 ,b not)/&+ _! /r5g? & activity1 ! bull-fight]s frequ5tly get knock$ ab\t a good deal1 & receive heavy falls & bruises1 b !y nev] get toss$1 & are seldom sev]ely hurt4 ,! sight is by no means disgu/+1 cruel1 or b>b>\s1 l ^? ( ,spa94 ,inde$1 !re is a good deal ( fun 9 x1 & at times y _c help laugh+ he>tily1 & g5]ally g away mu* pleas$4 ,aft] e fight1 ! m5 came =w>d1 & 7 h&somely rew>d$ by ,dom ,f]n&o & ! audi5ce4 ,!re /ill exi/ ! rema9s ( _m f9e conv5ts & *ur*es2 ( "s ! build+ _h nev] be5 f9i%$4 ,:5 mona/ic in/itutions 7 aboli%$ ^! build+s became ! prop]ty ( ! ,/ate1 & h s9ce be5 sold to ! public & conv]t$ to diff]5t purposes2 "s to manufactories1 o!rs to b>racks1 o!rs to dome/ic resid5ces4 ,! inmates h be5 dismiss$1 ) mod]ate p5sions1 & ?r[n out ^u ! _w4 ,! prop]ty br\ght little to ! ,/ate2 & z !y 7 9 a great measure f\nd$ by ! *>ity ( private individuals1 to :i* ! ,/ate _h no "r1 x w\ld h be5 bett] to h all[$ !m to die a natural dea?4 ,religion has ga9$ no?+1 ! ,/ate little or no?+1 :ile gross sup]/ition has deg5]at$ into scepticism & infidelity4 ,all viol5t *anges h an opposite result to t desir$4 ,! roots ( old in/itutions once torn up1 x is difficult to sub/itute a new plant to succe$ !m4 ,x w\ld be bett] if su* important *anges c\ld be made gradually1 b1 un=tunately1 ! old g5]ation1 /rong 9 possession1 & =getful ( ! times 9 :i* !y live1 w li/5 to no alt]ation1 & cl+ firmly to ! pa/1 z if x mu/ endure = ev]4 ,! new g5]ation1 born "u diff]5t circum/ances1 h no respect = old in/itutions1 & reg>dless ( :at is good 9 !m1 w li/5 to no compromise1 & are nev] satisfi$ until !y h root$ !m out altoge!r4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ! in/itution ( conv5ts & mona/]ies 0 ( great s]vice to ! _w 9 ! middle ages--9 pres]v+ ! le>n+ ( pa/ times1 9 tea*+ ! ignorant1 9 di/ribut+ alms among/ ! poor1 & 9 heal+ ! sick4 ,!y curb$ ! ambition1 & controll$ ! viol5t passions ( ! b>b>\s feudal lords1 :o consid]$ t ! _w 0 made = !m alone1 & gratifi$ _! lu/s at ! exp5se ( ! un=tunate p ov] :om !y rul$4 ,no p[] b t ( religion c\ld h controll$ !m4 ,!y felt its wondr\s influ5ce1 & 7 told 9 /]n1 unmi/akable language t !re 0 a h]eaft]1 & t ! great ,god :o gov]n$ ! _w w\ld surely visit _! s9s ) condign puni%m5t1 unless !y s9c]ely rep5t$ ( _! wick$ness1 & pray$ = ,8 =giv5ess4 ,we mu/ !re=e be grateful = ! s]vices :i* religion1 "u its peculi> =ms & c]emonies1 r5d]$ 9 ^? days2 & al?\gh abuses by degrees crept 91 yet ^! might h be5 rem$i$ by mu* mild] measures4 ,! mona/]ies & conv5ts1 h[ev]1 s]v$ _! purpose2 b n[ !y are gone1 & x is to be hop$ t z ! _w becomes wis] & m enlight5$ ! great ,creator w be wor%ipp$ 9 a pur] & simpl] mann]4 ,hav+ he>d s mu* ( ! fil?9ess ( ,lisbon1 ,i 0 mo/ agreeably disappo9t$ to f9d x s mu* ! rev]se4 ,) ! exception ( ! old "p ( ! t[n1 to ! we/w>d ( ,blackhorse ,squ>e1 & :i* 0 fil?y en\gh1 few cities1 c]ta9ly n ,london1 7 clean] ?an ,lisbon at ! "t ( my fir/ visit 9 #ahee4 ,! /reets 7 broad & /raight1 well light$ & wat]$1 & ! build+s regul> & h&some4 ,! police c]ta9ly 0 n ! mo/ effective1 b /ill ! t[n 0 safe4 ,i left ,lisbon ab\t f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 9 a fa/ /eam]1 full ( pass5g]s1 & aft] a f9e passage ( sixte5 h\rs1 ) only a mod]ate swell ahead--:i*1 h[ev]1 made mo/ ( ! pass5g]s sick--we arriv$ (f ! b> ( ! ,d\ro at six ! foll[+ morn+1 :5 a pilot came on bo>d1 & we cross$ ! b> & proce$$ up to ! t[n quay1 ab\t two miles f ! entrance ( ! riv]2 ,i 0 recomm5d$ to ! ,p59sul> ,hotel1 situat$ 9 ! high] "p ( ! t[n4 ,?is 0 entirely a ,portuguese e/abli%m5t & extremely r\gh1 :]e y bo>d$ & lodg$ at s mu* p] day4 ,at ! table d'hte ,i made acqua9tance ) a f9e old ,p59sul> vet]an1 ,colonel ,ow51 =m]ly atta*$ to ! ,duke ( ,well+ton's army1 :]e he 0 con/antly employ$ on outpo/ duty1 & he necess>ily saw a great deal ( h>d s]vice4 ,he 0 a f9e-look+ man1 six feet high1 & sev5ty ye>s ( age1 ) a det]m9$ c\nt5ance1 & full ( fire & en]gy ev5 at t advanc$ age4 ,he possess$ a good deal ( tal5t1 _h /udi$ mu*1 spoke ! ,portuguese l a native1 & 0 an excell5t writ] bo? 9 t language & 8 own4 ,i f\nd him a v agreeable1 intellig5t companion1 & we soon became well acqua9t$ ) ea* o!r1 :i* 0 ! m agreeable z he knew well & _h frequ5tly s]v$ ) ,colonel ,som]s ,cocks1 a di/ant connection ( m9e1 :o 0 a di/+ui%$ (fic] & fav\rite ( ! ,duke ( ,well+ton4 ,colonel ,cocks1 mu* to ! regret ( ! ,duke1 0 kill$ at ! siege ( ,burgos ,ca/le4 ,ow5 knew 8 :ole hi/ory1 & at my p>ticul> reque/ wrote a complete & v int]e/+ memoir ( him1 :i* ,i privately pr9t$4 ,ow5 0 almo/ my con/ant companion1 & hav+ long resid$ at ,oporto1 knew all ! pr9cipal m]*ants 9 ! place1 bo? ,engli% & native1 & 0 mu* lik$ & respect$4 ,he introduc$ me to sev]al1 b be+ ^u public bus9ess1 namely1 ! improvem5t ( ! port1 :i* all desir$1 ,i _h no ne$ ( introductions1 = ! pr9cipal inhabitants call$ ^u me & invit$ me to _! h\ses2 among/ o!rs may be m5tion$ ,messrs4 ,lamb]t1 ,s&eman1 ,h]ries1 & o!rs1 ! pr9cipal w9e m]*ants ( ! place1 :o paid me ! greate/ att5tion & hospitality4 ,i lo/ no "t aft] my arrival 9 proce$+ to exam9e ! port1 & to consid] :at 0 be/ to be done4 ,i soon discov]$ its defects1 :i* 7 ! expos$ & dang]\s nature ( ! b> at ! entrance ( ! ,d\ro1 ! dep? ( wat] ov] x be+ sc>cely #aj feet at l[ wat] ( spr+ tides1 ! tides ris+ only f #f to #g feet2 ! con=m$ & circuit\s *annel bo? )9 & )\t ! b>1 9 :i* !re 7 sev]al rocks2 & ! preval5ce dur+ ?ree-f\r?s ( ! ye> ( /rong we/]ly w9ds f s\?-we/ to nor?-we/4 ,moreov]1 dur+ heavy floods ! outgo+ curr5t 0 s /rong t x c>ri$ all be=e x1 frequ5tly te>+ vessels f _! an*ors1 driv+ !m to sea1 or wreck+ !m 9 ! h>b\r4 ,f ^! diff]5t causes ! b> c\ld only be attempt$ dur+ ! flood or ebb = ent]+ or dep>t+ dur+ ! mo/ mod]ate wea!r1 & !n only by vessels draw+ #ab to #ad feet at spr+ tides4 ,f all ^! comb9$ causes ! h>b\r ( ,oporto might be said to be h]metically seal$ = ?ree-f\r?s ( ! ye>1 & frequ5t in/ances h occurr$ ( vessels hav+ made ! passage to ! ,brazils & back aga91 :il/ o!rs h be5 beat+ ab\t ! (f+ wait+ = a fav\rable opportunity to cross ! b>2 & equal "t 0 lo/ by ^? vessels t 7 wait+1 lad5 9 ! port1 to g to sea4 ,& ! mails = ,oporto1 ! second city 9 ! k+dom1 frequ5tly _h to be deliv]$ at ,vigo1 #fj miles f>!r nor?1 & to be transport$ !nce by l&1 :i* occasion$ ! loss ( "o or two days4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ^! s]i\s disadvantages ! trade naturally suff]$ mat]ially4 ,9 ord] to rem$y ^! defects1 ,i drew up a plan by :i* ,i propos$ to c>ry out two pi]s--"o on ! ridge ( rocks on ! s\? side1 & ano!r on ! nor?--9 su* a direction t ! entrance betwe5 !m1 :i* 0 to be #ejj feet wide1 %\ld be lea/ expos$ to ! prevail+ /orms2 & ! space betwe5 ! pi]s on ! inside ( ! entrance %\ld be wid] ?an ! entrance itself1 s t any swell :i* might ent] w\ld dim9i% z x proce$$ up ! h>b\r4 ,i also propos$ to remove ! rocks bo? inside & outside1 & to /r5g!n ! *annel4 ,by ?is means ,i expect$ t ! b> w\ld be l[]$ ab\t #e feet2 s t at high wat] ( spr+ tides !re w\ld be ab\t #bj feet1 & a vessel draw+ #ah feet c\ld ent] at spr+s1 & #af feet at neaps4 ,! exp5se ( ^! works 0 e/imat$ at ab\t #djj1jjjl4 ,?is no d\bt w\ld h be5 a v great improvem5t1 & wor? ! money1 al?\gh at times ev5 ) ?is exp5diture ! b> w\ld n be approa*able ei!r way4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 ,i explor$ ! adjac5t coa/ 9 ord] to asc]ta9 :e!r ano!r & bett] place = a h>b\r c\ld n be f\nd1 & at ,mattoz5has1 ab\t ?ree miles f>!r1 ,i f\nd t !re 0 a deta*$ reef ( rocks1 #bjjj feet long1 ly+ ab\t a qu>t] ( a mile di/ant f ! %ore1 & betwe5 x & ! %ore !re 0 a dep? ( f #be to #ej feet at l[ wat]4 ,?is reef _h be5 obs]v$ by o!rs be=e me1 & x _h /ruck !m t an excell5t h>b\r might be made4 ,z ?is also lay )9 my in/ructions1 ,i made a design = a h>b\r2 b ^u maturely consid]+ ! subject1 ,i ?\ght x w\ld be sc>cely safe to make a close h>b\r at ?is po9t1 z1 f ! great quantity ( s& :i* lay along ! coa/1 !re 0 a *ance ( its fill+ up4 ,i !re=e propos$ to make x op53 t is to say1 to con/ruct a breakwat] along ! l9e ( ! rocks z f> z !y rea*$1 & z mu* f>!r ea* way z might be consid]$ advisable4 ,9 fact1 ?is breakwat] might be ext5d$ s z to make a magnific5t asylum h>b\r = ! l>ge/ vessels ( any class2 & by mak+ an op5 l&+ pi] )9 ! breakwat]1 vessels c\ld take 9 & deliv] _! c>goes1 & s5d !m to ,oporto by rail1 :5 vessels c\ld n pass ov] ! b> ( ! ,d\ro4 ,z !re 0 pl5ty ( f9e granite on ! spot1 & lab\r c\ld be obta9$ comp>atively *eap1 ,i consid]$ t = ! sum ( #ejj1jjjl4 an excell5t h>b\r might be made "h ) a d\ble entrance1 & z !re w\ld be a free passage = ! curr5t bo? ways1 no s& w\ld lodge )9 ! breakwat]4 ,9 fact1 ! curr5t1 be+ conf9$1 w\ld =ce out ! s& & make ! h>b\r deep]1 s t at l[ wat] 7spr+ tides7 !re w\ld nev] be less ?an f #be to #cj feet 9 ! %all[e/ "p ( ! nor!rn entrance1 & above #ej feet at ! s\!rn4 ,?is place appe>$1 &1 9 fact1 0 s mu* bett] & m advantage\s 9 e respect ?an ,oporto1 t1 consid]+ ! increas$ co/ w\ld n exce$ #ajj1jjjl41 ,i /rongly recomm5d$ x 9 pref]5ce to exp5d+ #djj1jjjl4 on ! old entrance4 ,/ill1 if ! ,gov]nm5t ?\ght x advisable to improve ! entrance ( ! ,d\ro1 to "s ext5t ?is might be done advantage\sly by ! exp5diture ( ab\t #aej1jjjl4 ,bo? ! ,k+ & ! ,gov]nm5t approv$ ( my plan = ! breakwat] & l&+ pi] at ! ,sec>s ,rocks1 ne> ,mattoz5has1 & ! ,f9ance ,m9i/]--,fontes--gave me an ord] 9 writ+ to provide ! necess>y app>atus1 & to comm5ce ! "w imm$iately4 ,b soon aft]1 ! ,gov]nm5t be+ *ang$1 ! :ole 0 /opp$1 & no?+ mat]ial has be5 done s9ce1 al?\gh1 ,i believe1 "s attempts h be5 made by ! ,portuguese ,bo>d ( ,works to bl[ up ! rocks at ! entrance ( ! ,d\ro1 ) v little effect2 & z funds are v sc>ce1 x is probable t no?+ ( consequ5ce w be effect$ = a long "t1 :i* is ! m to be regrett$1 z mean:ile ! trade ( ,oporto suff]s mo/ mat]ially4 ,hav+ complet$ my inve/igation ( ,oporto h>b\r1 ,i prep>$ to return direct to ,lisbon1 & report to ! ,gov]nm5t ! results ( my exam9ation1 :5 ,i receiv$ a telegraphic message say+ t ! ,gov]nm5t wi%$ me to exam9e ! h>b\r ( ,viana1 "s ?irty miles f>!r nor?1 also t ( ,aveiro1 tw5ty miles f>!r s\?1 & t ( ,figu]a1 ! m\? ( ! ,mondego1 ab\t tw5ty miles s\? ( ,aveiro2 & t !y w\ld s5d a small vessel ( w> to take me to ^? places4 ,i !re=e det]m9$ to await ! arrival ( ! w>-/eam]1 :i* came two days aft]w>ds4 ,x 0 n above #bjj tons1 m\nt+ ?ree or f\r small guns1 & comm&$ by a lieut5ant ( ! ,portuguese navy1 hav+ ) him ab\t ?irty m54 ,i emb>k$ & proce$$ at once to ,viana1 :i* we rea*$ ab\t ?ree o'clock 9 ! aft]noon4 ,!re be+ a heavy swell1 we c\ld n ent] ! port1 & a pilot boat ) six r[]s 0 !re=e s5t out to take u a%ore1 :]e we 7 receiv$ by ! au?orities4 ,z our "t 0 limit$1 ,i imm$iately proce$$ to exam9e ! h>b\r1 :i* 0 =m$ by ! riv] ,sc9a1 ! entrance to :i* 0 at times v dang]\s1 f ! same causes z ^? already describ$ z exi/+ at ! b> ( ! riv] ,d\ro1 namely1 a %all[1 mu*-expos$ b>1 little tide1 tortu\s *annel1 & exposure to a heavy swell dur+ ! prevail+ we/]ly w9ds4 ,i obs]v$1 h[ev]1 t !re 0 a long reef ( rocks runn+ p>allel to ! *annel ne>ly z f> z ! b>1 & t by erect+ a breakwat] ^u ! reef1 = :i* !re 0 pl5ty ( /one adjac5t1 ! curr5t1 in/ead ( spread+ ov] ! rocks & los+ its =ce1 might be conf9$1 & ?us act m effectively ^u ! b> & deep5 x sev]al feet2 &1 fur!r1 by ?is means ! entrance *annel w\ld be protect$1 & v little swell c\ld get 94 ,?us ! pr9cipal defects ( ! entrance w\ld be rem$i$2 & ! small dep? ( wat] at ! quays c\ld be increas$ by dr$g+4 ,i consult$ ! pilots & ! practical m5 ( ! place1 z ,i always d 7= f exp]i5ce !y g5]ally h a k ( ! subject71 & x 0 satisfactory to "k t _! op9ions entirely co9cid$ ) m9e4 ,i accord+ly made my notes1 & return$ on bo>d ! vessel 9 ! ev5+ ab\t eight o'clock4 ,! days be+ long1 & l[ wat] 9 ! h>b\r1 x gave me a v good opportunity ( exam9+ x4 ,i _h occasion to visit ,viana subsequ5tly4 ,x is a v pretty little comm]cial t[n1 surr\nd$ by a ri*1 ?riv+ c\ntry2 x does a good deal ( trade1 & is !re=e v prosp]\s1 !re be+ "s weal?y m]*ants & a good deal ( prop]ty 9 ! place4 ,! valley ?r\gh :i* ! ,sc9a fl[s is v beautiful & f]tile1 surr\nd$ by m\nta9s v>y+ f #bjjj to #gjjj feet high4 ,! l>ge village ( ,sc9a1 ab\t twelve or f\rte5 miles above ,viana1 is p>ticul>ly picturesque4 ,x is situat$ 9 a delici\s c\ntry1 ab\nd+ 9 corn1 w9e1 & oil1 & app>5tly want+ 9 no?+4 ,z soon z ,i got on bo>d ! vessel weigh$ an*or4 ,! night 0 f9e1 s t we rea*$ ! (f+ ( ,figu]a1 at ! m\? ( ! ,mondego1 ab\t noon ! next day4 ,i 0 met on l&+ by ! capta9 ( ! port1 :o _h receiv$ intellig5ce ( our com+1 & on acc\nt ( ! heat we 7 oblig$ to take refuge 9 8 h\se1 :]e he exhibit$ all 8 plans1 & ! measures :i* _h be5 tak5 to improve ! b> at ! entrance1 :i*1 ^u ! :ole1 z f> z !y w5t1 7 satisfactory4 ,aft] a c\ple ( h\rs' re/ we took a boat & s\nd$ ! b>1 ^u :i* ! wat] 0 v %all[4 ,!re 0 a v ext5sive res]voir = tidal & fre% wat] )91 :i*1 "u prop] managem5t ,i consid]$ might be r5d]$ v valuable 9 deep5+ & sc\r+ out ! entrance1 & 9 l[]+ ! b>2 b at l[ wat] !re 0 a n>r[ *annel1 :i* 0 con/antly *ang+1 s t !re 0 no good entrance1 & consequ5tly nei!r ! fre% nor tidal wat]s c\ld be ei!r admitt$ or prop]ly dis*>g$2 ?us ! quantity ( wat] 0 r$uc$1 & ! effect ^u ! b> consid]ably dim9i%$4 ,i !re=e saw at once t x 0 necess>y to conf9e ! l[ wat] *annel to "s ext5t by slight works1 compos$ ( osi]s & faggots1 ext5d+ f two to ?ree feet above ! l[ wat] level1 s t x %\ld be conf9$ always to ! same c\rse2 ?us ! l[ wat] l9e w\ld be l[]$1 m tidal wat] w\ld be admitt$ & dis*>g$1 ! surr\nd+ l[l&s1 :i* 7 frequ5tly flood$1 w\ld be bett] dra9$1 & ! b> improv$4 ,i obs]v$ also t ! *annel at ! entrance 0 too wide1 & t consequ5tly x 0 mu* expos$ to ! swell dur+ we/]ly gales4 ,i !re=e propos$ to r$uce ! wid? ( ! entrance to a c]ta9 ext5t2 by ?is means a great] quantity ( wat] w\ld be admitt$ & dis*>g$1 ! b> w\ld be r$uc$1 ! dra9age improv$1 & a less quantity ( swell w\ld be admitt$2 :5 ,i expla9$ my views to ! capta9 ( ! port1 :o 0 a v intellig5t p]son1 he q agre$ ) me4 ,hav+ f9i%$ my exam9ation "h1 we emb>k$ at sunset & proce$$ to ,lisbon1 :i* we rea*$ on ! foll[+ morn+1 :5 ,i took my leave ( ! comm&] ( ! vessel & 8 (fic]s1 :o _h treat$ me mo/ k9dly1 = :i* ,i felt v grateful2 ,i want$ to make a pres5t ( "s *ampagne1 b ?is 0 mo/ politely decl9$4 ,i !re=e r5ew$ my ?anks1 & w5t on !n to ! ,braganza hotel4 ,i next day call$ ^u ! ,f9ance ,m9i/]1 ,fontes1 & ,vicomte de ,luz1 ! *ief (fic] ( ! ,bo>d ( ,works1 report$ g5]ally :at ,i _h done1 & said t ,i w\ld proce$ to ,engl& at once1 & s5d my plans1 e/imates1 & reports z e>ly z possible4 ,i accord+ly left two days aft]w>ds1 & rea*$ ,engl& 9 ! middle ( ,june1 aft] an abs5ce ( betwe5 six & sev5 weeks4 ,:5 ,i 0 9 ,portugal ,i _h a good deal ( conv]sation ) ,m4 ,fontes ab\t _! railways4 ,he said t !y _h already giv5 a concession = !m to an ,engli% company1 ,messrs4 ,%aw1 ,w>+1 & ,co41 ( :om ! ,gov]nm5t 0 n[ desir\s if possible ( gett+ quit4 ,m4 ,fontes also talk$ to me ab\t _! f9ancial affairs1 & said t !y _h _h a good deal ( tr\ble ) our ,/ock ,ex*ange4 ,i did n "k ! precise cause ( ?is at ! "t1 b x 0 aft]w>ds expla9$ to me t ! ,engli% ,/ock ,ex*ange w\ld n all[ _! funds to be quot$ 9 ! ,engli% money m>ket 9 consequ5ce ( ! ,portuguese ,gov]nm5t hav+ r$uc$ ! int]e/ ( ! la/ ,portuguese loan )\t ! cons5t ( ! subscrib]s1 s t unless ?is 0 rem$i$1 x w\ld n be possible to raise ano!r loan 9 ,engl&4 ,i saw ! full =ce ( ?is1 & told ! m9i/] frankly my op9ion1 :i* he appe>$ to take v well1 = he !n said t he wi%$ me to lay out a l9e betwe5 ,coimbra & ,oporto1 & gave me in/ructions accord+ly4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,augu/1 ,dom ,p$ro1 ! heir app>5t to ! ?rone1 & 8 bro!r1 ,dom ,l\is1 paid a visit to our ,que5 at ,osborne ,h\se1 ,isle ( ,wight1 & ,c\nt ,lavradio1 ! ,portuguese m9i/] 9 ,london1 recomm5d$ me to g !re to pay my respects to 8 future maje/y4 ,i !re=e w5t1 & 0 hon\r$ ) an audi5ce on bo>d ,h] ,maje/y's ya*t1 :i* 0 ly+ (f ,osborne1 & 9 :i* ,dom ,p$ro & 8 bro!r 7 liv+ at ! "t1 z ! ,que5 did n wi% !m to be on %ore1 on acc\nt ( ! preval5ce ( ! smallpox 9 ! vic9ity4 ,dom ,p$ro & 8 bro!r receiv$ me v c\rte\sly1 & we _h a great deal ( conv]sation ab\t ,portuguese affairs1 p>ticul>ly conc]n+ ! v>i\s eng9e]+ works t he wi%$ to see c>ri$ into effect1 su* z railways1 h>b\rs1 docks1 c41 & he said t until ^! 7 done ,portugal c\ld n be on a p> ) o!r nations4 ,he also v k9dly invit$ me ov] to ,portugal aga94 ,i took my leave & return$ to ,s\?ampton1 :]e ,i d9$ ) ,c\nt ,lavradio at ,radley's hotel1 & !n return$ to ,london4 ,x %\ld be add$ t ,dom ,p$ro atta9$ 8 majority on ! #ae? ( ,septemb]1 :5 he 0 cr[n$4 ,z soon z ,i got my h>b\r plans & reports ready1 ,i det]m9$ to g ov] & pres5t !m 9 p]son aft] ! coronation4 ,z ,i _h be5 commission$ by ! ,gov]nm5t to make ! surveys & e/imates = ! propos$ railway betwe5 ,coimbra & ,oporto1 & consult two o!r ,engli% contractors ab\t mak+ railways 9 ,portugal1 ,i w5t to ,messrs4 ,peto & ,betts1 :o said t !y w\ld be happy to und]take !m1 provid$ t !y c\ld make prop] arrangem5ts ) ! ,gov]nm5t1 & t !y did n int]f]e ) any o!r contractors or companies :o 7 !n employ$2 & t 9 ord] to asc]ta9 ! ,gov]nm5t views1 !y w\ld s5d ov] _! ag5t1 ,mr4 ,giles1 ) me4 ,z ,i _h previ\sly agre$ ) ,mr4 ,*eff9s to make ! survey ( ! l9e betwe5 ,coimbra & ,oporto1 he prec$$ me ) 8 /aff1 :ile ,mr4 ,giles w5t to ,lisbon ) me 9 ! ,royal ,mail ,company's vessel ! #8,tr5t1' leav+ ,s\?ampton on ! #i? ,septemb]1 #ahee4 ,aft] a f9e passage we rea*$ ,lisbon on ! morn+ ( ! #ad? ( ,septemb]4 ,i imm$iately pres5t$ myself to ,m4 ,fontes1 ! ,f9ance ,m9i/]1 & ! ,duke de ,saldanha1 ,presid5t ( ! ,cab9et1 & deliv]$ my plans1 :i* 7 well receiv$1 & tickets 7 s5t to u to visit ! v>i\s c]emonies ( ! coronation4 ,x happ5$ j be=e our arrival t ! ,gov]nm5t & ! ,engli% contractors ( ! ,great ,ea/]n ,railway f ,lisbon to ,sant>em1 :o _h be5 qu>rell+ = "s "t pa/1 came to an op5 rupture1 & ! ,gov]nm5t took possession ( ! :ole ( ! works & all ! mat]ials1 ma*9]y1 & plant1 ) an arm$ =ce1 turn$ ! ,company adrift1 & w\ld h no?+ fur!r to d ) !m4 ,! contractors compla9$ to ! ,briti% repres5tative1 ,mr4 ,w>d1 ,*>g d',affaires1 :o 0 v indignant at ?is summ>y mode ( treat+ 8 c\ntrym52 & ,m4 ,fontes 0 equally indignant at ! way 9 :i* ! ,company _h behav$2 b m ( ?is h]eaft]4 ,9 ! meantime ! coronation took place1 & a v pretty sight x 04 ,we _h ! usual demon/rations ( ftes1 reviews1 illum9ations1 salvos ( artill]y1 c4 ,to height5 ! spectacle a ,briti% fleet ( five l9e-(-battle %ips 0 s5t ov] to d hon\r to ! occasion4 ,^! ftes la/$ = ?ree days1 & no bus9ess 0 done2 b 9 ! mean "t ,i _h ! hon\r ( be+ pres5t$ to ! k+ at ! great palace ( ! ,ajude2 & :5 ,m4 ,fontes return$ to 8 (fice aga91 ,i call$ ^u him & pres5t$ ,mr4 ,giles1 ,messrs4 ,peto & ,betts's ag5t4 ,aft]w>ds1 :5 ,mr4 ,giles _h left1 ,m4 ,fontes comm5c$ talk+ to me ab\t _! dispute ) ,%aw1 ,w>+1 & ,co4 ,he spoke v temp]ately on ! subject1 & said t ju/ice %\ld be done to !m4 ,i said t ,i did n wi% = a mom5t to def5d !m2 9 fact1 ,i did n "k ! m]its ( ! case on ei!r "o side or ! o!r4 ,at ! same "t1 ,i said t x w\ld be f> bett] to arrange ) !m amicably2 & if !y c\ld n agree1 !y %\ld settle acc\nts & dissolve ! agreem5t2 z until ?is matt] 0 satisfactorily conclud$1 x w\ld be impossible to get any fre% ,engli% contractors ( respectability to f9i% ! works1 or =m a new ,engli% company1 or inde$ to raise any money 9 ,engl&1 :i* ! ,gov]nm5t at t "t want$ to d4 ,moreov]1 x 0 desirable above all ?+s to arrange matt]s ) ! ,engli% ,/ock ,ex*ange1 & until ! affair ( ,%aw1 ,w>+1 & ,co4 _h be5 settl$ ?is c\ld n be done4 ,^! argum5ts appe>$ to h mu* weight ) ! m9i/]1 :o repli$1 t he w\ld ?9k !m ov]2 t he 0 desir\s ( com+ to an amicable settlem5t2 t he _h v little d\bt b x w\ld be ultimately arrang$ prop]ly2 & t :5 ,mr4 ,griles & ,i return$ f our exam9ation ( ! c\ntry1 he w\ld be glad to see u aga94 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,surveys 9 ,portugal & ,tunis4 ,aft] visit+1 ) a great deal ( pleasure1 ,batalha1 by f> ! f9e/ ecclesia/ical edifice 9 ,portugal1 we rea*$ ,coimbra1 ?an :i*1 ) its environs1 x is difficult to conceive a m beautiful prospect4 ,! t[n1 ) its num]\s *ur*es & academical build+s ris+ f ! opposite %ore ( ! ,mondego1 & situat$ 9 a ri* f]tile pla91 back$ by ! l(ty & picturesque hills ( ,busaco1 clo!d ) wood to _! summits1 ) a f9e old bridge 9 ! =egr\nd1 :ile ! ,mondego is se5 w9d+ ?r\gh ! valley until x is lo/ 9 ! sea1 :i* =ms ! di/ant horizon1 altoge!r made a picture :i*1 = lovel9ess1 0 unsurpass$ by any?+ ,i h se5 9 ,portugal4 ,we f\nd "h1 a r>e ?+ at t "t 9 ,portugal1 a clean1 com=table little hotel1 ne> ! ,rocio1 :]e ,mr4 ,*eff9s & 8 assi/ant _h arriv$ be=e u4 ,we accord+ly made prep>ations to />t next morn+ at six o'clock1 on horseback1 to explore a l9e along ! coa/ to ,oporto4 ,we />t$ punctually at six1 & cross$ ! valley ( ! ,mondego1 :i* is "h ab\t ?ree miles wide1 & is q flat4 ,x has a ri* & f]tile alluvial soil1 b is frequ5tly inundat$ by ! floods ( ! ,mondego1 s t ! roads1 su* z !y 71 viz4 extremely bad1 7 =m$ by r\gh causeways rais$ #c or #d feet above ! level ( ! adjac5t l&4 ,9 fact1 at ! "t ( my visit !re 7 no roads wor?y ( ! "n 9 ,portugal1 except ! road above m5tion$1 f ,cairegado to ,coimbra2 & ^u ?is1 :at 0 /ill m extraord9>y1 a regul> f\r-horse mail-coa*1 l ^? ( ,engl&1 _h be5 j e/abli%$ = ! fir/ "t to run f ,lisbon to ,coimbra1 at ! rate ( ab\t sev5 miles an h\r4 ,ano!r simil> road _h be5 comm5c$ f ,oporto to ,braga1 & _h be5 c>ri$ only a few miles4 ,9 fact1 unless y _h se5 & visit$ ,portugal y c\ld h>dly h conceiv$ su* a /ate ( ?+s possible4 ,all ! o!r roads 7 no?+ b m]e horse-tracks1 9 ! mo/ wret*$ /ate imag9able1 full ( holes & great /ones1 s t y c\ld seldom g fa/] ?an a walk+ pace )\t dang] ( break+ y\r neck at e /ep1 except 9 ^? p>ts :]e ! track lay ?r\gh =e/s & op5 pla9s4 ,ov] ^! ! rude bullock c>ts jolt$ up & d[n at ab\t ! rate ( half a mile an h\r1 & ! creak+ ( ! axles might be he>d two or ?ree miles (f4 ,z = inns1 = ! mo/ "p !re 7 none1 & ! we>i$ travell] _h to c>ry ev]y?+ ) him1 & take refuge 9 "s mis]able cottage full ( fil?1 :i* he 0 oblig$ to cle> away be=e he c\ld e/abli% himself ) any?+ approa*+ to com=t4 ,i _h he>d ( ?is be=e leav+ ,engl&1 & ,i took c>e to provide myself ) a light travell+-b$1 & a cante5 ) ! necess>y provisions4 ,leav+ ,coimbra1 we rea*$ ,aveiro ! next ev5+1 aft] a mo/ fatigu+ j\rney ( fifte5 h\rs 9 ! saddle2 dur+ a great portion ( our ride we 7 expos$ to a t]rific /orm ( ra91 & lo/ our way1 & n>r[ly escap$ pass+ ! night 9 a p9e =e/4 ,n f> f ,aveiro1 ,messrs4 ,p9to1 ,ba/o1 ,co4 _h e/abli%$ a l>ge manufactory = porcela9 & common crock]y w>e1 :i* 0 9 a v ?riv+ /ate1 & ! imitations ( ! ,engli% porcela9 7 v cr$itable1 z well z ! arti/ic decorations2 z !y 7 well protect$ by high import duties on =eign porcela91 !y enjoy$ a monopoly = a "t1 & made consid]able pr(its4 ,^! duties h latt]ly be5 greatly modifi$1 & x has n be5 f\nd wor? :ile to cont9ue ?is e/abli%m5t4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 ,i und]/&1 answ]$ v well = ! proprietors1 :o h1 by ?is & o!r ent]prises1 realiz$ consid]able =tunes4 ,9 fact1 x 0 q evid5t t su* an e/abli%m5t1 :i* _h to import all ! mat]ials & ! fuel f ,engl&1 c\ld n compete ) ! sup]ior tal5t & indu/ry ( ,engl& )\t extraord9>y protective duties1 :i* are no?+ m or less ?an a heavy tax ^u ! c\ntry4 ,portugal is n a manufactur+ c\ntry4 ,%e has a mo/ g5ial climate & g5]ally a ri* soil1 & c produce a v>iety ( raw commodities :i* ,engl& & ! nor? ( ,europe _c4 ,portugal !re=e1 by export+ ^! articles1 su* z w9e1 oil1 fruits1 cork1 salt1 cattle1 c41 c always realize a good pr(it1 :i* w enable h] to import all o!r articles requir$ at a f> less co/ ?an !y c be produc$ at home1 besides contribut+ mat]ially to ! ,/ate rev5ue4 ,messrs4 ,p9to & ,ba/o 7 n at ! e/abli%m5t :5 we visit$ x1 b _! manag] _h receiv$ notice f !m t we 7 com+1 ) ord]s to %[ u ev]y?+1 & to give u a h&some ent]ta9m5t1 :i* he did to ! v lett]1 & we return$ to ,aveiro mu* delight$ ) our reception4 ,inde$1 ! manag] regrett$ greatly t we _h n /ay$ !re ! previ\s night1 & if we _h kn[n x1 we c]ta9ly %\ld h done s4 ,= al?\gh1 consid]+ all ?+s1 we 7 n badly (f at ,aveiro1 /ill we %\ld h be5 mu* bett] (f at ,messrs4 ,p9to & ,ba/o's e/abli%m5t1 & %\ld h be5 sav$ ! sev]e fatigue ( ! la/ t5 miles ( our j\rney4 ,! next day we />t$ = ,oporto1 & pass$ ! ?riv+ little t[n ( ,ov>1 situat$ at ! nor? end ( ! ,aveiro lagoon1 b hav+ a sep>ate entrance f ! sea1 =m$ by a small /ream pass+ ?r\gh ! t[n4 ,our railway pass$ along ! base ( ! hills1 :i* 0 v fav\rable4 ,f ,ov> we cont9u$ ne> ! %ore ?r\gh a =e/ ( p9es = sev]al miles2 ^! p9es w\ld furni% excell5t sleep]s = ! railway at a v mod]ate co/4 ,f ! =e/ we cont9u$ along ! %ore ?r\gh mo/ fav\rable gr\nd1 until we rea*$ ! entrance ( ! ,d\ro3 ! di/ance f ,ov> be+ ab\t tw5ty miles4 ,f ! entrance ( ! ,d\ro !re 0 a fav\rable l9e = ! railway = two miles along ! banks to ,oporto1 :]e x w\ld h be5 necess>y to cross ! riv] by a r exp5sive bridge to rea* ! *ief "p ( ! city4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 mu/ h be5 done 9 any case1 & z all ! great w9e depts or lodges1 z !y are call$1 are on ! s\? side1 & z ! w9e trade ( ,oporto is ! mo/ important1 ?is w\ld h be5 a great advantage2 moreov]1 !re is on ! s\? side1 ne> ! entrance1 a mu* bett] position = docks4 ,betwe5 ,ov> & ! ,d\ro /&s a rock surr\nd$ by ext5sive s&s4 ,on ?is rock is a *apel1 reput$ to be ( peculi> sanctity1 :i* is annually visit$ by imm5se numb]s ( pilgrims4 ,x is v curi\s to see ! ext5t to :i* ^! devotions are c>ri$1 & ! occasionally /range results4 ,9 go+ "o day1 on foot1 f ,mattoz5has to ,oporto dur+ "o ( ^! fe/ivals1 ,i 0 surpris$ to meet a man walk+1 or r %uffl+1 along 9 an extraord9>y mann]1 9 :at appe>$ to me to be a sack4 ,i imm$iately /opp$ to look at him1 & gaz$ on him ) a/oni%m5t4 ,sev]al p]sons1 app>5tly fri5ds1 accompani$ him1 & ,i inquir$ :at x meant2 ,i 0 in=m$ t ! p]son :om ,i saw envelop$ 9 a sack _h1 dur+ a sev]e illness1 pray$ to ! ,sa9t ( ! *ur* ( ,mattoz5has to deliv] him f 8 illness1 promis+ t if he recov]$ he w\ld annually on ! ,sa9t's fte-day walk to ! *ur* 9 8 grave-clo!s1 to return 8 ?anks = 8 deliv]y f dea?4 ,! poor fell[ seem$ to be mu* fatigu$1 & no wond]1 z travell+ = two miles 9 su* hot wea!r ov] a du/y road 9 su* an uncom=table co/ume mu/ h be5 v sev]e "w4 ,next day we 7 (f be=e daylight1 & rea*$ our old qu>t]s at ,aveiro ! same night4 ,i soon saw t x w\ld be difficult to get a good l9e = ! railway ov] ?is di/rict2 x 0 too hilly & exp5sive1 & w\ld h requir$ long tunnels ?r\gh granite rocks & heavy embankm5ts4 ,i !re=e gave up ?is l9e1 t is z f> z ,ov>4 ,aft] leav+ ,aveiro we took a new r\te ne>] to ! hills1 & ) ! exception ( a "p ( ! riv] ,v\ga1 x 0 pref]able to ! coa/ l9e =m]ly m5tion$4 ,! summit ne> ! ,busaco hills 0 a little high]1 b !re ! l9e 0 %ort]1 & on ! hill !re 0 pl5ty ( f9e lime/one fit = bridges & any o!r works4 ,?is l9e evid5tly !re=e 0 ! be/2 ,i ord]$ x to be m9utely survey$ & levell$1 & ! result prov$ t my anticipations 7 correct4 ,we rea*$ our old qu>t]s at ,coimbra1 & hav+ exam9$ ! city aga9 7 mu* m pleas$ ) x ?an be=e4 ,! ,univ]sity is a v h&some build+ ^u an ext5sive scale1 ) an excell5t libr>y1 museum1 ext5sive lecture rooms1 & a compet5t e/abli%m5t ( pr(essors & lectur]s4 ,! co/ume ( ! pr(essors & /ud5ts1 al?\gh totally diff]5t f t ( our own1 0 v appropriate2 & ! me?od ( tea*+ & conf]r+ degrees 0 extremely good1 al?\gh a little too mu* sav\r+ ( sac]dotalism1 b /ill greatly improv$ 9 ?is respect to :at x 0 only a few ye>s be=e4 ,! city moreov] 0 comp>atively clean1 & !re appe>$ to be a degree ( out] tranquillity & prosp]ity ab\t x :i* pleas$ me mu*4 ,i h se5 _m =eign univ]sities1 b none delight$ me m ?an ,coimbra4 ,aft] leav+ ,coimbra we pass$ ?r\gh ,?om> & rea*$ ! valley ( ! ,tagus2 ?is we desc5d$ until we arriv$ at ,sant>em1 :i* is b an inconsid]able place2 x is situat$ on ! highe/ po9t ( ! ridge1 & b\nd$ by precipit\s rocks :i* abut on ! ,tagus1 !re be+ a small valley on ! nor?1 also on ! ea/ & we/4 ,be+ ?us isolat$1 x occupies an admirable position z a =tress1 & might easily be made impregnable2 comm&+1 z x does1 ! c\ntry all ar\nd1 if x 7 prop]ly def5d$1 ! approa* ( an enemy w\ld be extremely difficult2 & if =tifi$ accord+ to mod]n ideas1 ) a suffici5t g>rison & provisions1 x might hold its own aga9/ all com]s = almo/ any l5g? ( "t2 9 fact1 x may be consid]$ z "o ( ! keys ( ! k+dom4 ,:5 ,i saw x1 its works 7 9 a v unf9i%$ & dilapidat$ /ate4 ,f ,sant>em we proce$$ d[n ! riv] to a small place t]m$ ! ,:ite ,h\se1 :]e we emb>k$ on bo>d ! /eam] = ,lisbon4 ,! hills on ei!r side ( ! ,tagus alt]nately advance & rec$e2 b ! :ole sc5]y is v ri*1 ! soil be+ highly cultivat$ to ! v tops ( ! hills1 & 9 places ab\nd+ ) cattle4 ,9 ! flat c\ntry1 h[ev]1 bord]+ on ! riv]1 mal>ia & int]mitt5t fev] are v common1 & inde$ ! :ole c\rse ( ! ,tagus requires regulat+4 ,we rea*$ ! ,braganza at ,lisbon 9 ! ev5+1 aft] a r\gh b satisfactory j\rney4 ,mr4 ,giles 0 n[ anxi\s to g to ,engl&1 & a few days aft] our arrival he s5t 9 a g5]al proposal to ! ,gov]nm5t1 on ! "p ( ,peto & ,betts1 = mak+ railways1 & !n />t$ 9 ! packet = ,engl&1 leav+ 8 assi/ant1 ,mr4 ,o',neil1 ) me1 to make any fur!r necess>y explanations4 ,! season 0 gett+ late1 & we _h no "t to lose1 = x 0 n[ ne>ly ! middle ( ,octob]4 ,i saw ,m4 ,fontes sev]al times1 & he always receiv$ me v civilly1 & said t he 0 det]m9$ to meet ,messrs4 ,%aw1 ,w>+1 & ,co41 fairly4 ,mr4 ,o',neil & myself !n />t$ to survey ! c\ntry = l9es suitable = railways 9 ! ea/ & s\?4 ,aft] be+ deta9$ = a "t by heavy ra9s at ! ,:ite ,h\se1 we rea*$ ,salvati]ra1 a wret*$ place on ! left bank ( ! ,tagus1 ab\t sev5 o'clock 9 ! ev5+1 fully two h\rs aft] d>k2 x 0 a na/y pe/il5tial hole1 close by ! m>%es2 h[ev]1 bad z x 01 we 7 v glad to get !re4 ,!re 0 no inn 9 ! place1 b aft] a little inquiry we f\nd a %opkeep] :o 0 will+1 = a consid]ation1 to accommodate u4 ,we accord+ly agre$ ) him1 & took possession2 we f\nd ! rooms full ( corn1 beans1 c41 :i* we soon cle>$ out1 swept ! floors1 walls1 & ceil+ z well z we c\ld1 & unpack$ our ?+s4 ,i s5t out my man = "s provisions1 we got a good wood fire light$1 & aft] ab\t an h\r & a half _h a tol]able supp]1 turn$ into b$1 & slept s\ndly until ! morn+4 ,9 fact1 ,i nev] grumbl$2 ,i took ! p z ,i f\nd !m2 !y 7 g5]ally v civil1 & did ev]y?+ 9 _! p[] to make u z com=table z possible4 ,i always c>ri$ pl5ty ( cig>ettes & cig>s1 & di/ribut$ !m lib]ally1 n only to ! m5 att5d+ ! horses1 b also to ! p 9 ! h\se & to any casual visitors t might come 92 z ,i _h by ?is "t acquir$ "s k ( ! ,portuguese language1 ,i made myself z agreeable z possible1 & 9 consequ5ce e "o did ! be/ !y c\ld to help me4 ,! ,portuguese are a v civil1 quiet p1 & if y only treat !m prop]ly1 z ,i always did1 !y w d ev]y?+ !y c to accommodate y4 ,i ( c\rse also took good c>e ( ! horses & m51 & !y 7 s mu* pleas$ t !y nev] grumbl$1 & w\ld d any?+ ,i requir$4 ,?r\gh\t ! :ole ( my j\rneys ,i nev] _h a s+le squabble2 we all w5t on m]rily toge!r1 & :5ev] ,i c\ld get a good laugh ,i always did1 & ?is 0 n seldom4 ,we left ,salvati]ra at daylight1 & proce$$ ov] a g5tly undulat+ c\ntry1 & 9 ?ree days rea*$ ! old =tress ( ,e/remoz4 ,! p ( ! di/rict ?r\gh :i* we 7 n[ travell+ 7 extremely primitive1 & 9 "o l>ge village1 :]e we halt$1 z usual1 at midday1 ! :ole population1 x be+ ,sunday1 turn$ out to h a look at u4 ,! c\ntry "h is elevat$ & v well cultivat$4 ,! olive-trees are plant$ 9 regul> r[s1 & c>efully att5d$ to1 a ?+ ,i _h n be=e obs]v$ 9 ,portugal1 z !y are g5]ally 9 =e/s1 & left entirely to nature4 ,! v9es also 7 m look$ aft]1 & "s excell5t w9e is made "h4 ,^u ! :ole ?is 0 c]ta9ly a ?riv+ di/rict4 ,we took a ride to ! ridge ( m\nta9s ab\t t5 miles to ! s\?1 :i*1 ext5d+ ea/ & we/1 sep>ates ?is di/rict f ! s\!rn "p ( ! ,al5tejo4 ,!y are cov]$ ) v]dure to ! top1 af=d excell5t pa/ure = %eep & cattle1 & =m a v picturesque prospect4 ,e/remoz is 9 a comm&+ position1 b its =tifications 7 9 a dilapidat$ /ate4 ,aft] hav+ sp5t a day "h1 we proce$$ ov] an elevat$1 f]tile1 cultivat$ c\ntry1 to ,elvas1 on ! fronti]4 ,! ,gov]nm5t _h be5 employ$ = "s "t pa/ 9 mak+ a good road "h1 & a consid]able portion _h be5 f9i%$1 s t we made tol]able progress1 & rea*$ ,elvas soon aft] midday1 & f\nd a v clean1 com=table little hotel4 ,elvas is a v /rong =tress1 situat$ ^u ! summit ( ! ridge ( hills =m+ ! we/]n b\nd>y ( ! valley ( ! ,guadiana1 :i* w9ds ?r\gh ! ext5sive valley bel[1 ab\t sev5 miles di/ant1 & ! b\nd>y or fronti] l9e betwe5 ,spa9 & ,portugal is ab\t half way betwe5 ,elvas & ! ,guadiana4 ,! =tifications are v ext5sive1 & ^u ! :ole well laid out & tol]ably well kept up4 ,!re are sev]al l>ge outworks1 p>ticul>ly t on a hill ab\t a mile to ! nor?1 :i* may be said to be ! citadel4 ,x comm&s ! t[n1 be+ situat$ ^u ! highe/ "p ( ! ridge4 ,! view f ?is is v ext5sive1 ov]look+ ! dre>y & b>e valley ( ! ,guadiana1 ) ,badajoz1 ! ,spani% fronti] =tress1 ab\t n9e miles di/ant2 & f>!r on ! b>e bleak hills ( ,e/ramadura b\nd ! horizon4 ,on ! we/ y h a f9e view ( ?is "p ( ,portugal1 :il/ nor? & s\? y comm& ! view ( ?is elevat$ ridge1 :i* b\nds ! ,guadiana z f> z ! eye c rea*4 ,hav+ explor$ ?is "p ( ! c\ntry1 & hav+ satisfi$ ourselves t x w\ld be difficult to get a good l9e "h1 we turn$ our att5tion to ! s\?w>d1 & aga9 leav+ ,e/remoz1 rea*$ ! poor b consid]able village ( ,oana1 n _m miles f ! fronti]4 ,i !re=e det]m9$ to /op !re = ! night1 & to my surprise f\nd t !re 7 two or ?ree small inns4 ,i select$ ! be/1 & bad 0 ! be/4 ,i 0 in=m$ t ,oana 0 ! resort ( ! wor/ *>act]s ( all sorts1 bo? ,portuguese & ,spani>ds1 :o made ?is _! head qu>t]s1 f :5ce !y c\ld easily cross ! fronti] ( ei!r c\ntry1 accord+ z ei!r ,spa9 or ,portugal became too hot = !m4 ,i 0 told t we ought to be ^u our gu>d1 = x 0 n improbable t we might be attack$ 9 ! night1 or waylaid on our r\te ! next day1 = ! c\ntry ?r\gh :i* we %\ld h to pass 0 v wild & lonely4 ,!re=e1 z is always ! case1 ,i ?\ght ! be/ plan w\ld be to put a good face ^u x1 & to %[ t we _h no fe>1 put confid5ce 9 ! p ar\nd u1 & make !m fri5ds4 ,i !re=e invit$ z _m z ,i c\ld get1 m5 & wom51 to a sort ( ball1 inquir$ = "s musicians1 & f\nd half-a-doz5 ) guit>s1 ca/anettes1 & tamb\r9es1 & z ! inn :]e we 7 w\ld n hold all ! gue/s1 ,i engag$ ! o!r two inns also4 ,! :ole population cr[d$ to ! balls at ^! inns1 & ,i visit$ !m alt]nately1 danc$ ) ! wom51 & made myself z agreeable z ,i c\ld4 ,w9e & refre%m5ts 7 n want+1 ev]y?+ pass$ (f 9 ! be/ mann]1 & no?+ b mir? & good hum\r prevail$4 ,soon aft] midnight ,i _h _h en\gh ( x1 & ! gue/s bel[1 excit$ by w9e1 became v noisy4 ,i told my s]vants1 guide1 & horse-keep]s to h ev]y?+ ready by f\r o'clock on ! foll[+ morn+1 ! horses saddl$ & ! baggage pack$1 outside ! t[n1 & hav+ previ\sly paid ! reckon+1 we quietly dep>t$1 )\t beat ( drum1 leav+ our delight$ gue/s 9 ! mid/ ( _! revelry1 & 9 no disposition to foll[ u4 ,by daylight we _h travell$ five or six miles )\t enc\nt]+ any p]son on ! way--= road !re 0 none4 ,we laugh$ he>tily at our adv5ture1 & ,i 0 aft]w>ds congratulat$ at hav+ succe$$ s well1 = we _h _h a n>r[ escape ( be+ robb$1 & probably some?+ worse4 ,we pass$ ?r\gh a wild b n unpicturesque c\ntry1 & rea*$ ,abrantes1 on ! ,tagus1 )\t fur!r adv5ture1 on ! aft]noon ( ! second day4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ consid]able =tresses 9 ! k+dom1 situat$ 9 a comm&+ position ( great /r5g?2 b ! works 7 v mu* neglect$1 & !re 0 sc>cely any g>rison4 ,! t[n itself is a poor place4 ,z reg>ds ! c\ntry ?r\gh :i* we _h pass$ be+ adapt$ = a railway1 !re 0 no d\bt t a good l9e c\ld be made ?r\gh x1 al?\gh at consid]able exp5se2 ! difficulty 0 h[ to cross ! ma9 ridge :i* sep>at$ ! valley ( ! ,guadiana f t ( ! ,tagus4 ,x c]ta9ly 0 mo/ desirable to connect ,abrantes ) ,elvas1 b ! desc5t f x to ! ,guadiana valley 0 too rapid2 /ill1 ?is 0 only a matt] ( exp5se4 ,i ?\ght t "s m practicable gap ?r\gh ! ridge might be f\nd f>!r s\?w>d1 b ?is ,i 0 oblig$ to leave = future inve/igation4 ,i n[ det]m9$ to proce$ nor?w>ds1 9 ord] to asc]ta9 :e!r a l9e = a railway c\ld be obta9$ pref]able to t :i* we _h previ\sly exam9$ :5 return+ f ,coimbra4 ,hav+ slept at our old qu>t]s at ,?om>1 we proce$$ to ! banks ( ! ,zez]e1 :i* we f\nd to be extremely l(ty & fall+ rapidly to ! riv]4 ,we proce$$ = "s miles along !m1 b ! high] we w5t up ! riv]1 ! high] we f\nd ! hills2 9 fact1 !re 0 no valley except t occupi$ by ! riv]1 s t we _h to give up all hopes ( a l9e 9 t direction4 ,h[ev]1 9 ! c\rse ( a few days' explorations we 7 =tunate en\gh to f9d an easily practicable l9e = ! nor!rn railway1 9 ! direction ( ,oporto4 ,9 "o ( ^! exp$itions we met a ,portuguese g5tleman dress$ 9 ! native co/ume1 & att5d$ by 8 s]vant4 ,he c\rte\sly salut$ u 9 good ,engli%1 & !n ask$ :]e we 7 go+1 & :at we 7 do+1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 we told2 he !n ask$1 8,:]e d y sleep to-night80 & :5 we told him1 he said1 8,nons5se2 y _c & y %all n sleep !re3 x is n fit = a dog0 79 :i* he 0 n f> wrong74 8,i live close by4 ,yon mu/ come & sleep at my h\se1 & leave z e>ly z y l to-morr[ morn+40 ,we gladly accept$ 8 invitation4 ,we return$ to ! cottage1 dress$ ourselves 9 r bett] co/ume1 :ile our new fri5d rode =w>d to receive u4 ,8 h\se 0 some?+ l a good f>m1 surr\nd$ by a c\rty>d & f>m-build+s1 situat$ 9 ! mid/ ( a k9d ( r\gh p>k4 ,! night 0 v d>k1 & we _h "s difficulty 9 mak+ our way ?r\gh ! woods1 & if x _h n be5 = ! b>k+ ( ! dogs1 we %\ld sc>cely h f\nd x4 ,h[ev]1 we got !re1 & 7 mo/ cordially receiv$1 %[n into a com=table room ) a blaz+ wood fire1 & 9 ab\t half an h\r aft] sat d[n to an excell5t supp]1 ) pl5ty ( good w9e4 ,our ho/ 0 a mo/ excell5t & well-in=m$ man ( ab\t sixty1 ( ! middle size1 r /\t & well-made1 ) a f9e op5 c\nt5ance4 ,8 "n 0 ,don ,s4 de ,silva4 ,he _h s]v$ 9 ! ,portuguese army "u ! ,duke ( ,well+ton1 & _h be5 engag$ 9 sev]al battles ) ! ,fr5*1 ( :i* he 0 v pr\d4 ,he took ! greate/ int]e/ 9 ! railways1 (f]$ e assi/ance 9 8 p[]1 & insi/$ ^u our mak+ 8 h\se our home :5ev] we came t way4 ,he said t aft] ! w> he _h retir$ to 8 e/ate1 & devot$ ! :ole ( 8 "t to f>m+1 & t he pass$ a v active1 pleasant "t4 ,i ?9k he said t 8 wife & family 7 at ,lisbon1 :]e !y frequ5tly w5t1 z !y _h _m fri5ds & connections !re4 ,we 7 %[n into a com=table & clean d\ble-b$d$ room1 & ! only ?+ we requir$ to make u ?or\ghly com=table 0 m blankets1 = ! night 0 excessively cold4 ,h[ev]1 ,i slept s\ndly1 & awoke next morn+ ?or\ghly refre%$4 ,we _h an excell5t breakfa/1 & took leave ( our wor?y ho/ ) _m ?anks = 8 mo/ hospitable ent]ta9m5t4 ,we rea*$ ,?om> ab\t midday1 hav+ travell$ ov] a r bett] road ?an usual4 ,"h we halt$ at ! ,old ,inn = a c\ple ( h\rs1 & !n made ! be/ ( our way ov] ! old road to ,basqu5ha1 be=e m5tion$1 :]e we slept4 ,! next day we hurri$ on by ,sant>em1 caught ! tugboat & ! /eam] at ! ,:ite ,h\se1 & rea*$ ! ,braganza1 ,lisbon1 ! same ev5+1 hav+ be5 abs5t ab\t eighte5 days2 =tunately1 ) ! exception ( ! fir/ day1 we _h tol]ably f9e wea!r1 )\t :i* we %\ld h _h a good deal ( difficulty 9 mak+ su* a r\gh j\rney4 ,i =got to m5tion t :ile ,mr4 ,giles & myself w5t to ,coimbra & ,oporto1 we s5t ,mr4 ,o',neil to explore ! l9e ( ! ,tagus beyond ,abrantes z f> z ! fronti]1 9 ord] to asc]ta9 :e!r !re 0 any practicable l9e = a railway 9 t direction4 ,mr4 ,o',neil1 h[ev]1 gave a v unfav\rable acc\nt ( x1 = a few miles beyond ,abrantes ! ,tagus passes ?r\gh a deep *asm1 hemm$ 9 on bo? sides ) /eep1 precipit\s granite rocks1 sw>m+ ) eagles1 & wild & desolate to a degree4 ,!re 7 sc>cely any inhabitants save a few %eph]ds1 clad 9 goat-sk9s1 :o liv$ 9 small cottages /uck 9 ! clefts ( ! rocks1 or built ^u "s small pat*es ( gr\nd close by ! m>g9 ( ! riv]1 ) a few vegetables & fruits gr[+ r\nd !m4 ,!y 7 ?or\ghly surpris$ at see+ ,mr4 ,o',neil2 !y said !y 7 nev] visit$ by /rang]s1 & c\ld n conceive :y he _h come !re4 ,nev]!less1 !y 7 civil1 & gave him freely ! be/ !y _h1 :i* 0 v little inde$1 & w\ld sc>cely take any?+ 9 return2 :5 press$1 !y said !y w\ld keep ! money = 8 sake1 or w\ld buy some?+ 9 remembrance ( him4 ,! eagles appe>$ q at home !re1 & 7 seldom mole/$1 except :5 !y _h c>ri$ (f "s fav\rite pet-lamb or kid1 or _h paid a visit to ! p\ltry4 ,mr4 ,o',neil's report 0 s unfav\rable t we did n ?9k x advisable to pursue our inve/igations f>!r 9 t direction4 ,we _h n[ pretty well explor$ ! c\ntry betwe5 ! ,tagus & ! ,d\ro = ! nor?1 & ! ,tagus & ! ,guadiana = ! ea/ l9e to connect ,portugal ) ,spa91 & x only requir$ t ^! %\ld be inve/igat$ to asc]ta9 :i* 0 be/4 ,^u my arrival at ,lisbon1 ,i call$ ^u ,m4 ,fontes1 & report$ :at ,i _h done4 ,we _h also a good deal ( conv]sation ab\t _! f9ances2 arrang+ affairs ) ,%aw1 ,w>+1 & ,co42 gett+ good contractors = mak+ fur!r l9es2 rais+ a loan 9 ,engl&1 c4 ,i said ) all def]5ce t ! :ole ( ^! ?+s might be satisfactorily settl$2 b t ! fir/ & mo/ important ( all 0 to arrange matt]s ) ! ,/ock ,ex*ange 9 ,engl&1 = until ?is 0 done a loan c\ld n be obta9$ 7& ! ,gov]nm5t 0 mu* 9 want ( money7 )\t pay+ v high int]e/1 :i* w\ld soon consume ! rev5ues ( ! c\ntry4 ,= example1 _! /ock ( #ej 0 only nom9ally quot$ at #ah to #bj1 = :i* !y paid #cl4 int]e/1 or #ae p] c5t42 :]eas1 if !y settl$ ) ! ,/ock ,ex*ange1 _! funds w\ld at once rise to #dj or upw>ds1 & ?us !y might borr[ at #g p] c5t4 ,i fur!r v5tur$ to h9t t by free trade--t is1 l[]+ _! import duties--! rev5ue w\ld be mu* b5efit$1 & t _! exports w\ld be increas$ 9 ! same ratio4 ,m4 ,fontes li/5$ ) mu* att5tion1 b said no?+4 ,hav+ f9i%$ my bus9ess1 ,i prep>$ to return to ,engl&1 & 0 told by ,m4 ,fontes t ,i %\ld h an audi5ce ( ! ,k+4 ,i accord+ly pres5t$ myself1 & _h an audi5ce ( 8 ,maje/y ,dom ,p$ro1 :o 0 an exce$+ly well-in=m$1 s5sible "y man1 ( ab\t tw5ty-"o1 & ^: sole object & desire 0 ! advancem5t & improvem5t ( 8 c\ntry1 to :i* he devot$ himself day & night4 ,he 0 exce$+ly amiable & mode/1 & mu* belov$ & respect$1 n only by 8 own subjects1 b by e p]son :o _h ! hon\r ( be+ pres5t$ to him4 ,8 ,maje/y receiv$ me 9 ! mo/ condesc5d+ mann]1 ent]$ into ! subject ( railways1 ! great advantage !y w\ld be to ,portugal1 ! mak+ ( common roads to jo9 !m1 ! b5efit ( free trade1 & ! necessity ( improv+ agriculture & ext5d+ ! cultivation ( v9es1 olives1 corn1 fruits1 & all native produce1 z well z ! improvem5t ( ! h>b\rs1 & ev]y?+ else :i* w\ld advance ! prosp]ity ( ! c\ntry4 ,he _h /udi$ all ^! subjects ?or\ghly1 & 0 p]fectly at home 9 !m2 & ) reg>d to ! f9ances1 he q agre$ ) me4 ,i took my leave ( 8 ,maje/y1 & he %ook me by ! h&1 & bade me f>ewell1 tru/+ t he %\ld soon see me aga94 ,i !n call$ ^u ! ,duke de ,saldanha1 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,cab9et & ,comm&]-9-,*ief ( ! ,army1 a v e/imable man1 :o spoke ,engli% v well2 he _h s]v$ "u ! ,duke ( ,well+ton dur+ ! great ,p59sul> w>4 ,he spoke ,engli% p]fectly1 & 0 v popul> among/ 8 c\ntrym51 & always happy to see ! ,engli%4 ,:5 ,i told him t ,i 0 ab\t to leave ! next day = ,engl&1 he said t he 0 v glad to he> x4 ,he fur!r rem>k$ t a ,cab9et ,c\ncil _h be5 held ! day be=e1 & t ,i %\ld he> m ( x be=e ! day 0 ov]4 ,i return$ to ! ,braganza1 pack$ up my ?+s1 & 0 ready to leave by ! packet ! next day4 ,at n9e o'clock ! same ev5+ ,i receiv$ a message f ,m4 ,fontes to come to him at 8 (fice4 ,i w5t !re imm$iately1 & he said he _h be5 ord]$ to proce$ to ,engl& ) me1 to endeav\r to settle ! matt] 9 dispute betwe5 8 ,gov]nm5t & ! ,engli% ,/ock ,ex*ange1 & ! qu>rel ) ! railway contractors4 ,we />t$ toge!r next morn+1 & on arriv+ 9 ,london ,i _h ! pleasure ( be+ p>tly in/rum5tal 9 br++ ab\t an arrangem5t betwe5 ! pr9cipal hold]s ( ,portuguese /ock 9 ,engl& & ! ,portuguese ,gov]nm5t1 to _! mutual satisfaction & advantage2 also an arrangem5t betwe5 ! ,portuguese & ,messrs4 ,%aw1 ,w>+1 & ,co41 :i*1 z we %all see1 0 n subsequ5tly ratifi$4 ,m4 ,fontes return$ to ,portugal ) consid]able clat1 hav+ re-e/abli%$ ! cr$it ( ,portugal ) _! ,engli% /ockhold]s1 & settl$ ! railway difficulty1 & x 0 ?\ght t he & 8 m9i/ry _h a long & prosp]\s c>e] be=e !m4 ,un=tunately1 h[ev]1 ?is turn$ out q ! contr>y2 :e!r x 0 envy at 8 success1 or "s o!r political cause1 ,i d n "k1 b 9 ! spr+ ( ! foll[+ ye>1 #ahef1 ,fontes & 8 m9i/ry 7 oblig$ to resign1 & ! ,m>quis de ,l\l1 a connection ( ! royal family1 succe$$ him4 ,! ,m>quis de ,l\l 0 a rem>kably f9e1 h&some man1 a ?or\gh g5tleman1 ) consid]able tal5ts1 ( imp]turbable temp] & great good hum\r2 ,i "k no man ) :om he might bett] be comp>$ ?an ! late ,"l ,palm]/on4 ,l\l1 l ,fontes1 0 equally desir\s ( complet+ ! railway sy/em ( ,portugal4 ,i cont9u$ ! surveys = a l9e betwe5 ,coimbra & ,oporto1 & :5 !y 7 complet$ ,i receiv$ a t5d] f ,messrs4 ,peto & ,betts1 say+ !y w\ld execute ! l9e = #aj1jjjl4 p] mile1 )\t ! l&4 ,z 8 ,royal ,highness ! ,pr9ce ,consort took consid]able int]e/ 9 ! improvem5t ( ,portugal1 & z ,i _h he>d indirectly t in=mation respect+ ! progress ( ! railways w\ld be gratify+ to him1 ,i communicat$ ) 8 ,royal ,highness's secret>y1 & receiv$ a comm& to g to ,w9dsor4 ,i w5t1 & 0 receiv$ 9 ! mo/ affable mann]4 ,! ,pr9ce 0 ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) ev]y?+ go+ on 9 ,portugal1 & took great int]e/ 9 ! con/ruction ( railways 9 t c\ntry4 ,he ?ank$ me = ! in=mation ,i _h communicat$1 & wi%$ me e success4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ,augu/ all ! plans1 e/imates1 & specifications ( ! l9e betwe5 ,coimbra & ,oporto 7 complet$1 & 9 ! mon? ( ,septemb] ,i w5t ov] & pres5t$ !m 9 p]son4 ,i 0 v k9dly receiv$ by 8 ,maje/y & by 8 m9i/]s4 ,:5 ,i arriv$1 ,i f\nd t ,m4 de ,sov]al1 ! v clev] ,*ief ,secret>y ( ! ,portuguese ,embassy 9 ,london1 0 home on leave4 ,he also took ! w>me/ int]e/ 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( railways4 ,! dispute ) ,messrs4 ,%aw1 ,w>+1 & ,co4 _h n yet be5 settl$1 & consequ5tly no new arrangem5t c\ld be made4 ,i _h frequ5t meet+s ) ! ,m>quis de ,l\l & ,m4 de ,sov]al on ! subject1 & fully expla9$ to !m t x w\ld be impossible to get any ,engli% contractors ( influ5ce to =m a new & p[]ful company ( ,engli% capitali/s to make railways 9 ,portugal1 unless ?is matt] c\ld be hon\rably adju/$2 & ,i add$ t ,i ?\ght ! t]ms agre$ ^u ) ,m4 ,fontes 71 ^u ! :ole1 ! be/ t c\ld be adopt$4 ,! ,m>quis li/5$ ) mu* att5tion to all my argum5ts1 & f9ally gave me in/ructions to see ,messrs4 ,peto & ,betts & _! fri5ds1 ^u my return to ,engl&1 9 ord] to asc]ta9 ^u :at t]ms !y w\ld be will+ to =m a new company to complete ! ,nor!rn ,railway to ,oporto2 & ,i 0 to in=m him ( ! result1 b n to commit ! ,gov]nm5t 9 any way4 ,he reque/$ me1 be=e ,i left ,portugal1 to exam9e ! port ( ,setubal1 or1 z ! ,engli% call x1 ,/4 ,ubes1 a little to ! s\? ( ,lisbon4 ,i accord+ly proce$$ to reconnoitre ! port1 & f\nd t x 0 =m$ by a riv] :i* ran a consid]able di/ance into ! int]ior4 ,/4 ,ubes 0 situat$ on ! "r bank ( x1 ab\t f\r miles f ! b>1 b ! riv] "h 0 s wide & %all[ t x 0 only an e/u>y4 ,! opposite side be+ cov]$ at high wat]1 ! return+ ebb & flood wat]s 7 exp&$ ov] su* a wide space t ! curr5t _h n suffici5t =ce to ma9ta9 a good *annel1 nor did x act ^u ! b> p[]fully en\gh to ma9ta9 a good passage ov] x4 ,moreov]1 ! e/u>y 0 expos$ to ! full effect ( ! s\?-we/]ly gales1 :i*1 sweep+ across ! ,atlantic ) great viol5ce1 s5d a v heavy swell across ! b>1 r5d]+ x extremely dang]\s to approa*1 & driv+ a great quantity ( s& into ! m\? ( ! riv]2 ?is w\ld mat]ially r$uce ! dep?1 & r5d] ! navigation bo? dang]\s & difficult2 & !re 0 too little fre% wat] com+ d[n to be ( mu* s]vice 9 assi/+ ! op]ation ( ! tide4 ,i soon saw :at 0 necess>y to be done to rem$y to a great ext5t1 if n entirely to remove1 ^! evils2 ?is 0 conf9e ! *annel on ! opposite or sea side by a l[ l9e ( wick] or fasc9e "w1 9 ! fir/ in/ance to ! level ( a little above half tide1 & !n to raise x z requir$2 ! s& w\ld soon accumulate beh9d x1 & ?us ! tidal & fre% wat]s1 be+ always conf9$ to ! same *annel1 w\ld greatly improve x1 & consid]ably l[] ! b>4 ,i also ?\ght ! *annel = "s di/ance above ! t[n %\ld be deep5$1 embank$1 & improv$ by dr$g+1 & t bel[ ! t[n to ! b> ! *annel %\ld be dr$g$ also to assi/ ! op]ation ( ! curr5t4 ,i embodi$ ^! obs]vations 9 a plan & report on my return to ,lisbon1 & deliv]$ !m to ! ,m>quis1 ) :i* he 0 mu* satisfi$4 ,i n[ prep>$ to return to ,engl&1 9 company ) my fri5d de ,sov]al2 b z ! latt] 0 desir\s ( break+ 8 voyage at ,oporto1 = ! purpose ( asc5d+ ! ,d\ro & visit+ 8 e/ates1 ,i agre$ to accompany him4 ,we rea*$ ,pescoa de ,ragosa1 a v important place 9 ?is di/rict1 be+ ! c5tre ( ! port w9e trade4 ,"h is held ! m>ket :]e all ! port w9e gr[]s assemble at ! end ( ! v9tage1 & "h come all ! w9e m]*ants f ,oporto1 & make _! pur*ases = ! season4 ,! v]itable port w9e di/rict is a v rem>kable c\ntry4 ,x is situat$ on ! banks ( ! ,d\ro1 :i* are "h compos$ ( l(ty1 undulat+ hills1 clo!d ) ri* soil1 ris+ rapidly f ! riv]1 ab\t =ty miles above ,oporto1 :]e ! granite =mation1 on :i* no v9es w gr[1 ceases4 ,! di/rict consi/s ( ! transition rocks above ! granite2 x ext5ds ab\t =ty miles1 z f> z ! cat>acts ( ,/4 ,joao de ,pesqueira & is ab\t five or six miles wide1 includ+ bo? sides ( ! valley ( ! ,d\ro2 "o side is expos$ to ! morn+ & ! o!r to ! ev5+ sun1 & ! reflect$ rays make ! valley l an ov5 dur+ ! summ] mon?s1 s t no place c\ld be m advantage\sly situat$ = ! developm5t ( ! v9e4 ,no trees are all[$ to gr[ ^u ! hillsides4 ,! v9es are l s _m gooseb]ry or currant bu%es1 & !y are cut d[n almo/ to ! roots s t ! nutrim5t appli$ to ! plant may be develop$ 9 produc+ ! fruit to ! greate/ possible ext5t4 ,! v9es are plant$ 9 r[s1 & ! int]v5+ space is c>efully we$$1 s t ! :ole p[] ( ! sun is conc5trat$ ^u ! v9es2 & x is wond]ful to see ! quantity ( fruit borne comp>$ to ! ext5t ( bran*es & leaves4 ,:5 ! v9tage has be5 made1 !re are a c]ta9 numb] ( ta/]s :o are appo9t$ by ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,^! m51 :o nei!r smoke1 snuff1 or dr9k1 !n exam9e ! w9e1 :i* !y d by a sauc]1 mu* ind5t$ 9 ! bottom1 ( pure silv]1 :i* enables !m to judge ( ! col\r2 !n !y smell x1 & ta/e x by ! t\* ( ! tongue )\t dr9k+ any4 ,by ^! ?ree te/s !y pron\nce ! quality ( ! v9tage1 & ?is1 comb9$ ) ! quantity1 det]m9es ! price4 ,x is said t ! w9e is prep>$ accord+ to a c]ta9 /&>d = ! ,engli% m>ket2 t is1 ! w9e is made to resemble z ne> z possible a v9tage t has pleas$ ! ,engli%1 :o are ! great consum]s ( port w9e2 ?is is done ei!r by mix+ "s old approv$ w9e ) ! new1 or add+ br&y4 ,!re has be5 a great deal ( argum5t & d\bt ab\t adult]ation4 ,i w n take ^u myself to decide1 b ,i w say ?is1 t a good v9tage ( port w9e requires no doctor+4 ,at ,ragosa1 aft] ! v9tage1 all ! great w9e m]*ants ( ,oporto assemble1 & !re make _! pur*ases = ! ensu+ season4 ,all transactions are made 9 ca%1 = ! w9e gr[]s are v important & weal?y p]sonages4 ,! m]*ants are equally s1 & take _! ca% ) !m4 ,i he>d an anecdote :5 !re1 :i* says mu* = ! hone/y ( ! ,portuguese4 ,m4 ,s&eman1 "o ( ! weal?ie/ & mo/ important w9e m]*ants ( ,oporto1 w5t up to ! w9e di/rict aft] ! v9tage "o season1 ) 8 sons & fri5ds--= x is g5]ally made a p>ty ( pleasure--to pur*ase w9e = ! ensu+ season1 & !y took #ae1jjjl4 9 gold to make _! pur*ases1 ! gold be+ c>ri$ 9 sacks on mules1 ! :ole p>ty rid+1 z usual1 = !re 7 no roads = c>riages4 ,! fir/ night1 hav+ arriv$ at _! usual halt+-place1 j z !y 7 sitt+ d[n to _! supp]1 old ,s&eman said to 8 son1 8,george1 ,i hope t y h tak5 good c>e ( ! mules & ! money80 8,yes1 fa!r10 said ,george2 8x is all "r40 8,well1 ,george10 said old ,s&eman1 8y _h bett] g & see40 ,george imm$iately w5t out to ! /ables1 & aft] "s m9utes came back 9 great con/]nation1 & said1 8,fa!r1 ,i c't f9d ! mules ) ! money40 ,at ?is old ,s&eman got 9 a great rage1 & said1 8,george1 y %all h no supp] until y f9d !m40 ,! :ole p>ty got up at ! same "t1 & took lant]ns & tor*es to look aft] ! lo/ money & mules4 ,away !y w5t back sev]al miles on ! road !y _h come1 & !re !y f\nd ! mules1 :i* _h slipp$ _! halt]s1 quietly fe$+ by ! roadside1 ) ! bags ( gold unt\*$4 ,!y return$ ) !m to ! inn ) mu* satisfaction1 got ! mules com=tably in/all$ 9 _! /ables1 hav+ previ\sly reliev$ !m ( ! gold bags1 :i* !y took to _! b$rooms4 ,n[ p]haps 9 no o!r c\ntry c\ld y h f\nd su* an example ( hone/y z ?is4 ,x 0 well kn[n be=e !y />t$ f ,oporto t ! ,s&emans 7 go+ up to ! w9e c\ntry to pur*ase w9es = ! ensu+ season2 & z !y 7 ! mo/ weal?y m]*ants ( ! place1 x 0 equally well kn[n t !y w\ld buy ! l>ge/ quantity ( w9e1 & w\ld take ! greate/ am\nt ( h>d ca% to pay = x2 !re=e1 if ! natives wi%$ to make a prize1 "h 0 an excell5t opportunity to d s4 ,b q ! contr>y1 ! natives 7 hone/1 & _h n ! lea/ idea ( robb+1 :i* !y might h done1 if s dispos$1 mo/ easily4 ,f ?is place we proce$$ leisurely to ,guim>a5s1 "o ( ! anci5t capitals ( ,portugal4 ,! natives appe>$ diff]5t f any ,i _h se54 ,! bett] classes 7 dress$ 9 jackets1 ornam5t$ ) l>ge silv] buttons1 knee-bree*es1 legg+s1 & silv]-buckl$ %oes2 hav+ ov] all a loose1 blue clo? cloak1 & a l>ge1 conical1 broad-brimm$ black felt hat4 ,x seem$ to be a place :olly sui g5]is1 & totally sep>at$ f ! re/ ( ! _w4 ,! well-to-d p seem$ to h no?+ to d b to walk leisurely ab\t conv]s+ ) _! fri5ds1 & smok+ _! cig>ettes4 ,!re 0 no trade1 no bu/le1 no?+1 z x 71 mov+2 x 0 "o ( ^? places :]e a man disgu/$ ) ! _w w\ld wi% to bury himself4 ,! repose 0 some?+ surpris+ to a p]son accu/om$ to active life4 ,we f\nd a pretty good inn1 & a conv5t ) a few old nuns1 :o 7 /ill all[$ to live !re1 & :o employ$ !mselves 9 pres]v+ 9 a p>ticul> mann] a v f9e sort ( plum t gr[s 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,!y fet* a high price 9 all ,european m>kets2 ,i b\ght a few to take to ,engl&4 ,!re is a spl5did old ,moori% ca/le outside ! t[n1 :i*1 al?\gh 9 ru9s1 0 n 9 a v bad /ate4 ,^u ! :ole ,i 0 mu* pleas$ ) ! place1 s totally diff]5t f any?+ ,i _h se5 ei!r 9 ,portugal or ,spa94 ,i %\ld h lik$ mu* to h sp5t sev]al days !re1 b ! inexorable "t w\ld n p]mit2 we !re=e set out ! next day = ,braga1 & pass+ ?r\gh ! beautiful environs1 :i* are a p]fect g>d51 we cont9u$ our way ?r\gh a well-cultivat$ & picturesque c\ntry1 & rea*$ ,braga soon aft] midday4 ,braga1 also "o ( ! anci5t capitals ( ,portugal1 is a h&some t[n1 m mod]n ?an ,guim>a5s1 also mu* m lively1 & surr\nd$ by a ri*1 f]tile1 picturesque c\ntry4 ,x is well built1 ) h&some /reets1 & squ>es ^u a mod]ate scale1 ) an appe>ance ( quiet impos+ dignity4 ,x is ! resid5ce ( _m old families1 :o seem to enjoy _! otium cum dignitate1 & to be :olly indep5d5t ( ! _w4 ,!y appe>$ to be above ! grovell+ pursuits ( trade1 = !re 0 c]ta9ly little appe>ance ( bus9ess ab\t1 yet )al we c\ld n help admir+ its clean1 com=table1 well-to-d appe>ance4 ,f "h we proce$$ ov] a tol]able road t[>ds ,viana1 ! sea be+ ab\t a mile di/ant2 & ! int]v5+ space1 compos$ ( ri* alluvial soil1 0 well cultivat$4 ,we pass$ sev]al granite crosses1 erect$ ne> ! village *ur*es1 "o ( :i* 0 extremely elegant1 beautifully work$ 9 a species ( ,cor9?ian /yle4 ,i nev] saw granite s elaborately work$ z 9 ?is "p ( ,portugal1 namely1 ! di/rict betwe5 ! ,d\ro & ! ,m9ho2 9 fact1 !y h no o!r /one b granite1 & no o!r p "w x s well2 b !n ! natives are ! mo/ docile & indu/ri\s 9 ,portugal4 ,!y are nev] idle2 con/antly at "w1 ei!r abroad or at home1 & sav+ money4 ,l>ge numb]s emigrate to ! ,brazils1 :]e by _! en]gy & indu/ry !y may acquire ample =tunes1 & return home to _! native c\ntry1 :]e !y buy an e/ate1 build a h&some h\se1 & sp5d ! rema9d] ( _! lives 9 tranquillity & enjoym5t4 ,on rea*+ ,vigo1 aft] pass+ ?r\gh ,viana1 ,i f\nd t ,i _h to wait two days = ! /eam]4 ,i c\ld n help rem>k+ ! sup]ior beauty ( ! ,spani% z comp>$ ) ! ,portuguese wom51 a ?+ ,i c\ld n well und]/&1 z ! p]sonal appe>ance ( ! m5 is ab\t ! same 9 bo? c\ntries1 al?\gh ! ,spani% peasants are app>5tly m robu/ ?an ^? ( ,portugal4 ,imm$iately on my return ,i set to "w to c>ry out ! in/ructions ( ! ,m>quis de ,l\l1 & endeav\r$ to obta9 p[]ful contractors & weal?y & influ5tial capitali/s :o w\ld =m a company to und]take ! railways 9 ,portugal4 ,i frequ5tly _h communications ) ,messrs4 ,peto & ,betts1 :o ) _! fri5ds 7 p]fectly ready to come =w>d to =m a company1 provid$ t ,messrs4 ,%aw1 ,w>+1 & ,co4 7 satisfactorily settl$ )4 ,9 ^! negotiations ,m4 de ,sov]al 0 indefatigable1 & ( imm5se s]vice1 z he 0 p]fectly acqua9t$ ) ! views ( 8 ,gov]nm5t1 & knew :at w\ld be acceptable to !m1 & :at !y w\ld n agree to4 ,at la/1 t[>ds ! latt] end ( ,decemb]1 c]ta9 conditions /at+ ! t]ms ^u :i* !y w\ld =m a company & f9d ! capital 7 drawn up & sign$ by ,messrs4 ,peto & ,betts1 & sev5 o!r well-kn[n capitali/s1 & 7 submitt$ to ! ,portuguese ,embassy1 to be transmitt$ to ! ,gov]nm5t = _! approval4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ,janu>y1 #aheg1 !y answ]$ t !y g5]ally approv$ ( ! conditions propos$1 ) "o or two exceptions1 :i* ,peto1 ,betts1 & ,co4 agre$ to alt]4 ,! ,gov]nm5t !n s5t an (ficial lett] to ,c\nt ,lavradio1 ,ambassador 9 ,london1 reque/+ t ,sir ,moreton ,peto & myself w\ld come out to ,lisbon imm$iately1 to f9ally conclude ! arrangem5ts1 9 ord] t a ,bill might be prep>$ )\t delay to be laid be=e ! ,portuguese p>liam5t4 ,9 ,m>*1 #aheg1 ,i accord+ly proce$$ to ,lisbon4 ,x is n my int5tion to ent] into ! un=tunate disputes betwe5 ,peto & ,co4 & ! ,portuguese ,gov]nm5t--disputes :i* t]m9at$ 9 ! ab&onm5t ( :at w\ld h be5 = ,portugal a great national "w4 ,d\btless1 z 9 all ^! cases1 !re 7 faults on bo? sides2 & ,i believe t "o ( ! ma9 causes ( ! failure1 on behalf ( ,messrs4 ,peto & ,betts1 to c>ry out ! works1 0 t _! res\rces 7 swall[$ up by a great v>iety ( speculations1 "s ( :i*1 z we h se51 did n 9 ! long run turn out v pr(itable1 & !y 7 really unable to und]take !m4 ,i w proce$ to relate briefly ! only o!r occasion on :i* ,i 0 connect$ ) t firm4 ,b fir/ ,i may m5tion t ,i complet$ my "w on #8,briti% & ,=eign ,h>b\rs' 7:i* _h occupi$ :at little leisure ,i c\ld comm& dur+ "s ye>s7 9 #ahed1 hav+ previ\sly1 9 #ahdg1 publi%$ a monograph on ,plym\? ,breakwat]4 ,i may also add1 t conjunction ) ! late ,mr4 ,john ,plews1 ,i con/ruct$ a consid]able ext5sion ( ! ,c>diff ,docks = ! tru/ees ( ! ,m>quis ( ,bute2 z x is fully describ$ 9 ! above "w1 ,i ne$ n "h fur!r ref] to x4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( #ahei ,i 0 ask$ to proce$ to ,tunis1 9 company ) "o ( ,messrs4 ,peto & ,betts' ag5ts1 to exam9e into ! feasibility ( con/ruct+ a railway f ! ,goletta to ! city4 ,i accord+ly />t$ 9 ,m>*1 & hav+ emb>k$ on bo>d a ,fr5* /eam-packet1 rea*$ ,tunis aft] a f\r or five days' passage1 includ+ a /oppage1 = "s unexpla9$ reason1 ( two days at ,philippeville4 ,! view ( ! ,bay ( ,tunis _c be comp>$ 9 picturesque effect ) t ( ,bona1 :i* we _h j left2 /ill !re is some?+ wild & /rik+ ab\t x4 ,on ! ea/ ! bay is b\nd$ by a l(ty ridge ( b>e irregul> hills1 ) a n>r[ /rip ( level m>%y l& bord]+ ! bay4 ,on ! we/ x is b\nd$ by ! celebrat$ p59sula ( ,c>?age4 ,9 front1 to ! s\?1 !re is ! ,goletta1 or *annel to ! ,lagoon1 surr\nd$ by ! cu/om h\se & a small t[n1 & beyond is ! ,lagoon1 ext5d+ ab\t six miles1 at ! f>!r end ( :i* is ! city ( ,tunis1 seat$ ^u a g5tle em95ce1 bri/l+ ) m9>ets1 & a l(ty *a9 ( hills 9 ! backgr\nd1 ! :ole hav+ a wild1 uncultivat$ appe>ance1 s t at fir/ sight y 7 puzzl$ to conceive :5ce supplies c\ld be obta9$ = fe$+ ! metropolis ( ! k+dom4 ,we got cle> ( ! ,turki% cu/oms aft] a good deal ( delay1 n f any fa/idi\sness ( ! (ficials1 = !y 7 easy & good-natur$ en\gh to let any?+ pass1 b f ! confus$ & blund]+ mann] 9 :i* all bus9ess is transact$4 ,ev]y?+ 0 !n bundl$ into a l>ge boat1 :i* 0 also lad5 ) m]*&ise ( all k9ds1 z mu* z x w\ld hold4 ,we !n ent]$1 along ) a ,colonel ,we/1 :o _h come out ^u a %oot+ excursion1 & set sail = ! capital across ! ,lagoon1 :i* 0 ab\t six miles long & f\r or five miles wide4 ,! *annel 0 ne>ly 9 ! c5tre1 & _h five or six feet ( wat]4 ,we pass$ num]\s flocks ( wild geese1 ducks1 cranes1 & flam+oes1 disport+ !mselves 9 ! wat]4 ,we rea*$ ! l&+ quay ( ,tunis1 outside ! walls1 ab\t two or ?ree 9 ! aft]noon1 & imm$iately proce$$ to ! only hotel 9 ! place1 kept by a ,fr5*man1 &1 ^u ! :ole1 x 0 v clean & com=table2 b be=e we c\ld get to x we _h to wade ?r\gh a sea ( fil?y mud 9 a n>r[ lane t 0 sc>cely #ab feet wide1 b\nd$ by ! city wall on ! "o side1 & a r[ ( mis]able build+s on ! o!r1 %[+ little m ?an b>e walls1 ! w9d[s look+ into small c\rts on ! inside1 :i* 7 approa*$ by solid well-b>r$ gateways4 ,x 0 ne>ly d>k be=e we got in/all$ 9 our new domicile1 & !n we d9$ at n a bad table d'hte 9 ! ,fr5* fa%ion1 pass$ ! ev5+ agreeably1 & w5t to b$ e>ly1 r tir$ aft] ! k9d ( knock+ ab\t we _h _h dur+ ! day4 ,=tunately ! wea!r 0 f9e aft] ! great quantity ( ra9 :i* _h lately fall54 ,! next day 0 f9e also1 & aft] an e>ly breakfa/ we got a c>riage ) a c\ple ( horses1 & drove along ! we/ side ( ! ,lagoon to ! ,goletta 9 ord] to select ! l9e = ! railway2 no?+ c\ld be m fav\rable1 ! c\ntry be+--to use a homely phrase--z flat z a pancake1 & !re=e requir$ no p>ticul> ex]cise ( ! eng9e]'s art4 ,hav+ s f> complet$ our inve/igation we adj\rn$ to ! exam9ation ( ! ru9s ( ,c>?age1 ( :i* sc>cely any?+ rema9s1 except ! ci/]ns = supply+ ! city ) wat]1 :i* are ( massive masonry1 ! walls be+ l9$ on ! inside ) a ?ick coat ( /ucco1 :i* 0 glaz$1 & pres5t$ an excell5t1 smoo? surface4 ,^! ci/]ns 7 cov]$ ) ar*es1 s t ! wat] 0 pres]v$ f ! action ( ! sun1 & 0 ?us always kept cool & 9 ! be/ /ate = use4 ,! wat] 0 br\ght1 by means ( an aqu$uct1 f a f9e & pl5tiful spr+ close by ! m\nta9 ( ,keg\an1 ab\t #dj miles di/ant1 & 0 c>ri$ ) ! requisite incl9ation by means ( tunnels pi]c$ ?r\gh ! hills1 & ext5sive l9es ( ar*$ aqu$ucts across ! int]v5+ valleys1 "s ( ^! aqu$ucts be+ above #fj feet high1 & ! total l5g? ( ! tunnels sev]al miles2 9 fact1 ! :ole aqu$uct 0 a s]ies ( tunnels & bridges ab\t #dj miles long1 & is c]ta9ly a mo/ extraord9>y "w1 n to be surpass$ by any?+ ( ! k9d 9 exi/5ce at ! pres5t day4 ,! conduit = ! wat] 0 ab\t #b feet #f in*es wide & #c feet deep4 ,9 ?is s+le example we h ne>ly all ! improvem5ts ( mod]n times1 namely1 excell5t wat]1 an ample supply1 & cov]$ /or+ res]voirs4 ,! wat] requir$ no filt]+1 b x has n be5 asc]ta9$ :e!r x 0 di/ribut$ to ea* h\se2 probably n2 mo/ likely x 0 deliv]$ to ! f\nta9s1 :]e ! natives s5t = x4 ,z ba?s are kn[n to h exi/$ at ,c>?age1 x is probable t ! wat] 0 suppli$ direct to !m z well z to ! h\ses ( ! m weal?y citiz5s & to ! palaces4 ,iron pipes 7 n !n kn[n1 & consequ5tly !y 7 oblig$ to c>ry ! wat] on aqu$ucts1 o!rwise !y _h no mean ( resi/+ ! hydraulic pressure4 ,besides ^! ci/]ns1 "o _c make out di/9ctly any o!r rem>kable build+s2 b !re are pl5ty ( rema9s ( f\ndations ( walls1 "s ( !m ( masonry & "s ( !m ( brickwork1 %[+ great solidity2 !re are also great quantities ( pott]y & fragm5ts ( m>ble sculpture ly+ ab\t4 ,z to ! celebrat$ ars5als & docks1 x is /ill m difficult to po9t out satisfactorily _! ext5t1 =m1 & position2 b f ! acc\nts we f9d 9 anci5t writ]s1 & f ! well-kn[n record$ fact t ! ,c>?ag9ians 7 a great comm]cial z well z w>like nation1 x is evid5t t !y mu/ h possess$ ! means ( build+1 %elt]+1 & repair+ bo? classes ( vessels1 ^? = comm]ce & ^? = w>4 ,^! docks & ars5als mu/ h be5 on ! sea-%ore2 ! p59sula is compos$ ( comp>atively high l&1 & !y c\ld n h built !m any:]e else1 = ! l[ l&s :i* bord] ! p59sula on ! s\? side 7 n1 s f> z we c le>n1 includ$ )9 ! walls ( ! city1 & x 0 n likely t !y w\ld h left su* important e/abli%m5ts z ^!1 ^u :i* 9 a great measure _! p[] dep5d$1 unprotect$4 ,i repeat1 !re=e1 & ,i believe x is confirm$ by mo/ au?orities1 anci5t z well z mod]n1 t ^! docks & ars5als 7 on ! sea-%ore2 & z !y w\ld n h built !m on ! nor!rn side ( ! p59sula1 :i* is s mu* expos$ to ! /rong nor!rly gales1 !y mu/ h plac$ !m on ! ea/]n %ore1 :i* is tol]ably well protect$ by ! opposite sides ( ! bay4 ,inde$1 ,i walk$ r\nd ! nor!rn %ores ( ! p59sula & c>efully exam9$ !m1 & c\ld f9d no traces ( any works hav+ be5 execut$ !re2 b ^u ! ea/]n %ore ,i c\ld discov] traces ( consid]able works4 ,! %ips ( ^? days 7 comp>atively small & drew b little wat]1 & by runn+ out moles or breakwat]s ( loose /one into ! sea1 a suffici5t space might h be5 enclos$ to answ] ! requir$ purposes4 ,we "k t ! ance/ors ( ! ,c>?ag9ians did ?is to a great ext5t at ,tyre1 & we c h no reason to d\bt t !y adopt$ ! same sy/em at ,c>?age4 ,?is is a "q /ill op5 to discussion2 b ,i ?9k1 aft] :at has be5 /at$1 t ! argum5ts are 9 fav\r ( ! ea/]n %ore2 & until m decisive rema9s h be5 f\nd else:]e1 ,i mu/ adh]e to my conclusion1 = we mu/ n =get t ?is is ! wea!r %ore1 :]e all su* works %\ld be c>ri$ out1 s z to af=d ! greate/ facility = egress & +ress4 ,z ! ,bey 0 n !n 9 ,tunis1 ,i det]m9$ to make use ( ! int]val by go+ to see ! rema9s ( ! anci5t city ( ,utica1 ab\t tw5ty miles di/ant1 we/-nor?-we/4 ,my two companions 7 n v well1 & !re=e ?\ght t !y _h bett] rema9 at ,tunis1 9 case any?+ connect$ ) our bus9ess %\ld occur2 s ,i det]m9$ to g alone1 z ,i 0 told t ,i %\ld meet ) no difficulty1 = ! c\ntry 0 p]fectly safe4 ,i accord+ly hir$ a c>riage ) ?ree excell5t horses1 & engag$ a clev] ,frank s]vant1 an ,italian1 half ,jew1 half ,mohamm$an1 :o _h liv$ _m ye>s 9 ,tunis1 & besides ,engli%1 ,fr5*1 & ,italian1 spoke ! ,arabic v well also4 ,he 0 a clean fell[1 & 0 well recomm5d$ by our vice-consul4 ,be+ told t ,i %\ld f9d no?+ on ! way1 ,i took a good provision basket & pl5ty ( cloaks4 ,we />t$ soon aft] noon ov] a wret*$ road1 or r op5 track made by ! peasants' c>ts1 & z ! wea!r _h be5 v wet ! :eels ( ! c>riage 7 frequ5tly half-way up to ! axles 9 mud4 ,! c\ntry ?r\gh :i* we pass$ 0 wild & lonely 9 ! extreme1 n a creature to be se54 ,aft] hav+ driv5 ab\t eight or t5 miles we came to a k9d ( village1 or clu/] ( ab\t half-a-doz5 mud huts :itewa%$1 :]e !re 0 a sort ( caf ( ! r\ghe/ k9d1 & close by x !re 0 a sort ( *teau belong+ to "s aga or di/rict *ief1 surr\nd$ by trees & a rude wall1 ! :ole hav+ a mo/ solit>y & gloomy appe>ance4 ,!re we halt$ ab\t half an h\r to refre% ! horses1 :i* 7 tir$ en\gh1 & at l5g? we rea*$ ! c>avans]ai1 a solit>y build+ two /ories high1 surr\nd$ by a high mud wall4 ,x w\ld be difficult to conceive a wild] or m desolate spot4 ,9 front 0 an ext5sive m>%1 half cov]$ ) wat]1 ?r\gh :i* ! riv] pursu$ its devi\s c\rse1 ! banks be+ cov]$ ) ru%es2 at ! back lay ! dre>y c\ntry ?r\gh :i* we _h pass$2 to ! "r ! m>%y pla9 ext5d$ to ! sea1 "s #aj miles di/ant1 & to ! left x /ret*$ z f> z ! eye c\ld rea*1 b\nd$ by blue hills ( consid]able elevation4 ,!re 0 n a s\l 9 ! h\se b ! kangh or ma/]1 & ano!r man & a boy4 ,he welcom$ me1 h[ev]1 v civilly1 & %[$ me to ! upp] floor by an outside /aircase2 "h ,i f\nd two rooms ) b>e walls1 brick floor1 a tre/le = a mattress1 a wood5 table1 & a c\ple ( rude *airs2 to my great delight !re 0 a *imney-place1 9 :i* ,i soon light$ a wood fire4 ,! kangh br\ght up a c\ple ( tol]ably clean mattresses1 two oil lamps1 & "s bread1 & wat]1 :i* 0 all he _h4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 ( no consequ5ce1 z ,i _h come provid$1 & aft] a good supp]1 9 spite ( ! lonel9ess ( ! place ,i slept s\ndly4 ,z !re1 0 no road any f>!r1 x 0 necess>y to provide horses to g to ,utica ! next day1 :i* ! kangh said he w\ld d4 ,at daybreak we m\nt$1 & 7 j ab\t />t+ :5 we 7 jo9$ by an aga1 a f9e h&some fell[1 exce$+ly well m\nt$4 ,he 0 accompani$ by two or ?ree s]vants1 also well m\nt$ & arm$4 ,! aga salut$ me v c\rte\sly1 & said he 0 pr\d to see ,engli%m51 & t if ,i 0 fond ( sport+ he w\ld be mo/ happy to see me at 8 ca/le1 & w\ld %[ me "s capital sport1 wild bo>s1 de]1 p>tridges1 quail1 c42 = ?is k9d invitation ,i ?ank$ him1 b 0 oblig$ to decl9e on acc\nt ( want ( "t4 ,we rode toge!r along ! m>%y pla91 our horses at times be+ up to _! knees 9 wat]1 & cross$ ! riv] by a r\gh /one bridge1 imm$iately beyond :i* we rea*$ ! high l& :i* b\nds ! riv] on ! we/4 ,"h we p>t$ 9 ! mo/ c\rte\s mann]1 & ,i cont9u$ along ! left bank = two or ?ree miles f>!r1 :5 ,i rea*$ ! ru9s ( ,utica1 situat$ at ! foot ( ! hills1 at a height ( ab\t #cj feet above ! level ( ! bottom ( ! valley1 & ab\t a mile di/ant f ! left bank ( ! riv]1 & #e miles f ! sea-%ore1 ) no?+ b a dre>y flat m>% int]v5+4 ,utica 0 orig9ally seat$ on ! sea-%ore1 & 0 a port ( consid]able importance2 ! m>%es t n[ exi/ h be5 gradually =m$ dur+ ! lapse ( c5turies2 & 9 ?is !re is no?+ rem>kable1 z !re are _m simil> examples1 ev5 to a mu* great] ext5t1 at ! m\?s ( riv]s 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! _w4 ,( ! city no?+ n[ rema9s b portions ( ! brok5 d[n walls1 a squ>e t[] ne> ! middle1 & "s rema9s ( f\ndations scatt]$ ab\t4 ,no?+ c\ld be m desolate & solit>y ?an ! :ole sc5e1 :i* af=d$ a mo/ /rik+ contra/ to its =m] magnific5ce2 & reflect+ ^u its anci5t comp>$ ) its pres5t /ate1 "o c\ld n help rem>k+1 8,alas1 poor human nature60 ,on my return f ,utica ,i f\nd t ,8 ,highness ! ,bey _h cons5t$ to receive u at 8 palace1 di/ant ab\t #ab miles f ,tunis1 on ! foll[+ day at elev5 o'clock4 ,we accord+ly />t$ (f ab\t eight o'clock1 & got !re 9 good "t1 & 7 pres5t$ to ! ,bey--:o 0 seat$ 9 great /ate & surr\nd$ by 8 (fic]s--by our consul1 ,mr4 ,wood1 & 7 mo/ graci\sly receiv$4 ,! ,bey 0 ab\t fifty-five1 ( ! middle size1 r /\t1 ) an op51 frank1 k9d c\nt5ance2 he conv]s$ 9 ,arabic ) ! consul 9 ! mo/ g5ial mann]1 said he 0 glad to see u1 & 0 mu* pleas$ at ! idea ( hav+ railways 9 8 k+dom1 ab\t :i* he _h he>d s mu*2 he said he w\ld give u e assi/ance 9 8 p[]1 & hop$ t ?is w\ld lead to o!r ,european improvem5ts1 t w\ld t5d s mu* to ! prosp]ity ( 8 c\ntry4 ,aft] ab\t tw5ty m9utes ( v agreeable conv]sation we retir$1 v mu* pleas$ ) 8 ,highness's c\rte\s reception4 ,9 front ( ! palace !re 0 an encampm5t ( ab\t #bjjj troops ( all k9ds1 horse1 foot1 & artill]y1 :om ! ,bey 0 9 ! habit ( review+ daily4 ,! rema9d] ( ! /ory is soon told4 ,we knew p]fectly well t ! ,fr5* 7 v jeal\s ( any =eign capital or ent]prise be+ introduc$ into ,tunis1 t ! consul 0 some:at suspici\s ( u1 & t he & 8 spies 7 always on ! wat*3 we 7 w>n$ ( ?is1 & advis$ to be v cauti\s4 ,s well 0 our secret kept1 t ! ,fr5* consul _h come to ! conclusion t we 7 no?+ b a p>ty ( ord9>y travell]s1 & 0 j gett+ rid ( 8 suspicions4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,bey & 8 ,divan _h agre$ to grant a mo/ fav\rable concession1 & !re c be no d\bt t ! l9e w\ld h succe$$ admirably 9 e respect4 ,b 9 an evil mom5t ,messrs4 ,peto's ag5ts discov]$ t !y c\ld n make a prop] report to _! employ]s )\t tak+ levels4 ,9 va9 ,i repres5t$ ! extreme imprud5ce ( su* a proce$+2 t x 0 a m]e surface l9e1 )\t ! slighte/ eng9e]+ difficulty1 & :i* did n pres5t ! lea/ ob/acle2 moreov]1 t ! l& 0 to be conc$$ free ( all co/1 & t1 9 %ort1 !re 0 no?+ :i* m5 ( _! exp]i5ce c\ld n e/imate accurately )\t tak+ ! smalle/ measurem5t4 ,!y p]si/$ 9 _! int5tion1 &1 ( c\rse1 ! mom5t !y got out _! in/rum5ts ! ,fr5* consul und]/ood ! :ole affair1 & 9 an audi5ce ) ! ,bey ?reat5$ him ) ! v5geance ( ,france if ! concession 7 grant$4 ,! poor ,bey _h no alt]native b to submit1 & !re ! :ole matt] end$4 ,be=e leav+ ,tunis ,i saw all ! diff]5t sights2 among/ o!rs1 s]p5t *>m+1 :i* is q a pr(ession4 ,! *>m]s display consid]able dext]ity2 inde$1 x is a pr(ession ( long /&+4 ,! nor!rn portion ( ,africa1 on acc\nt ( its s&y & sultry climate1 is peculi>ly well adapt$ = ! bre$+ ( s]p5ts ( ! mo/ v5om\s k9ds1 & 9 consequ5ce !y atta9 an enorm\s size & secrete a l>ge am\nt ( poison4 ,! bites ( _m ( ! species are fatal1 & h5ce x has become = ages pa/ ! object ( c]ta9 ( ! natives to /udy ! habits & *>act]i/ics ( ^! reptiles & ! antidotes to cure any un=tunate individual :o may by *ance h be5 bitt5 by !m2 inde$1 ! ,roman armies dur+ _! campaigns 9 ?is "p ( ! _w 7 always accompani$ by a c]ta9 numb] ( ^! s]p5t *>m]s1 & ! pr(ession exi/s at ! pres5t day4 ,y f9d !m 9 ,egypt & ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ! nor!rn "p ( ,africa1 & !y n only practise ! cure ( s]p5t bites1 b also collect numb]s ( !m = exhibition to ! multitude1 to %[ _! p[] ov] !m1 & by ?is means realize a consid]able am\nt ( money4 ,at ,tunis ,i saw sev]al ( ^! s]p5t *>m]s1 :o 7 always surr\nd$ by a l>ge cr[d4 ,!y appe>$ to h complete control ov] ! reptiles2 !y always kept _! eyes con/antly ^u !m1 & regulat$ _! movem5ts by a w& 9 _! h&s1 :il/ an att5dant boy kept "t by beat+ a small drum & bl[+ a pipe ) a l[ monoton\s s\nd4 ,i 0 mu* surpris$ to f9d ! natives s v civiliz$2 we walk$ ab\t ! t[n1 9 ! suburbs1 & 9 ! c\ntry1 )\t exp]i5c+ ! smalle/ mole/ation or incivility4 ,i 0 told t robb]ies 7 v r>e1 & t frequ5tly l>ge sums ( money 7 s5t by a s+le mess5g] on a drom$>y f ,tunis to ,tripoli )\t ! lea/ dang] ( be+ robb$4 ,!re 7 sc>cely any palm trees to be se51 b we _h pl5ty ( ! f9e/ dates1 :i* 7 br\ght f ! int]ior1 ,i ?9k ,tafilet4 ,^u ! :ole ,i 0 mu* pleas$ ) ,tunis4 ,x is a c\ntry possess+ great natural res\rces ( all k9ds1 by :i*1 if only prop]ly develop$1 ?is k+dom might be aga9 r5d]$ v p[]ful1 z x 0 9 ! "t ( ! ,c>?ag9ians & ,romans1 :51 x is said1 x conta9$ above t5 millions ( inhabitants1 :]eas at pres5t !re are little m ?an two millions4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,surveys at ,odessa & ,vi5na--,h>b\r at ,ponta ,delgada--,ramsgate--,dag5ham4 ,dur+ ! latt] "p ( ! ye> ,i _h "s correspond5ce ) ! municipality ( ,odessa ab\t pav+ _! /reets & mak+ a complete sy/em ( sew]s = ! city2 & 9 ! spr+ ( ! foll[+ ye> ,i 0 reque/$ by ! municipality to come to ,odessa1 & to conf] ) !m z to ! be/ means ( c>ry+ ^! works into effect1 & ! co/ ( do+ s4 ,i accord+ly />t$ = t city2 b :5 ,i arriv$ at ,vi5na ,i c\ld get no idea z to :5 ! /eam] w\ld leave = ,odessa4 ,s to pass away ! "t ,i det]m9$ to visit ! ,smm]+ ,m\nta91 ov] :i* ! ,imp]ial ,elisabe? ,railway passes on ! great l9e f ,vi5na to ,trie/e4 ,z t "p ( ! l9e :i* crosses ! ,smm]+ ,m\nta9 0 said to be a great feat ( eng9e]+1 we det]m9$ to visit x1 & c]ta9ly x 0 a v cr$itable p]=mance4 ,! incl9es 7 v /eep1 & ! curves v %>p & v num]\s4 ,gall]ies 7 cut ?r\gh ! rock1 high embankm5ts made1 & bridges ?r[n across ! rav9es1 & ! railway1 hav+ to w9d r\nd ! sides ( ! m\nta91 0 v tortu\s4 ,! works1 h[ev]1 ^u ! :ole 7 n badly design$ or execut$1 ?\gh ,i w n say :e!r a bett] l9e might n h be5 f\nd4 ,! eng9es us$ 7 ( ! mo/ p[]ful k9d4 ,hav+ return$ to ,vi5na we desc5d$ ! ,danube & rea*$ ! ,sul9a m\?4 ,?is m\? ( ! ,danube 0 select$ z ! mo/ capable ( improvem5t1 & consid]able sums ( money h be5 exp5d$ ^u x1 "u ! direction ( ,sir ,*>les ,h>tley1 an ,engli% eng9e] ( consid]able reputation4 ,! works design$ by him consi/$ ( two embankm5ts or moles c>ri$ out f ! %ore1 "o on ea* side1 & ne>ly p>allel to ea* o!r1 9 an ,e4,s4,e4 direction1 = a consid]able di/ance seaw>d1 hav+ a good op5+ betwe5 !m = ! entrance4 ,^! moles1 by keep+ ! curr5t ( ! riv] to "o c\rse1 enable x to act m effectually 9 deep5+ ! *annel & l[]+ ! b>4 ,! op]ations ( ! curr5t are assi/$ by dr$g+4 ,! works1 ,i und]/&1 h be5 v successful s f>1 al?\gh by no means complet$4 ,an increas$ dep? ov] ! b> & 9 ! *annel has already be5 obta9$1 :i* is a v great improvem5t1 = on acc\nt ( ! cont9ual %ift+ ( ! *annel1 & its %all[ & tortu\s c\rse1 x 0 at all times unc]ta9 & frequ5tly v dang]\s4 ,:5 we pass$1 ! new *annel _h n be5 complet$2 ! capta9 ( our /eam] !re=e ?\ght x advisable to come to an*or = ! night & wait until ! foll[+ morn+4 ,!re is a wret*$ place call$ ! t[n ( ,sul9a1 on ! "r bank ( ! riv]1 ne> ! comm5cem5t ( ! moles2 x consi/s ( wood5 h\ses1 /ores1 %ops1 & cafs1 sc>cely two feet above ! level ( ! wat]1 & surr\nd$ by m>%es1 t s5d =? ! mo/ pe/if]\s mal>ia4 ,i 0 told t fev]s con/antly prevail !re1 & ,i am n surpris$ at x1 = a m abom9able1 un9vit+ place ,i h seldom se54 ,next morn+ we />t$ = ,odessa soon aft] daybreak1 & aft] a tol]ably smoo? passage rea*$ ! we/]n h>b\r at ab\t f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon4 ,! view ( ,odessa1 at ab\t two or ?ree miles' di/ance1 z y approa* x f ! sea1 is r pretty & impos+4 ,x is situat$ ^u a calc>e\s s&/one cliff1 ab\t #dj feet above ! sea1 ) a v f9e r[ ( maje/ic /one build+s runn+ ! :ole l5g? f nor? to s\?1 hav+ a spaci\s road1 t]race1 & g>d5 betwe5 !m & ! edge ( ! cliff4 ,! t[n beh9d is = ! mo/ "p well & regul>ly laid out1 ) wide1 spaci\s /reets1 at "r angles to ea* o!r1 & "s h&some %ops & build+s1 ! resid5ces ( tradesm5 & m]*ants4 ,a great numb] ( weal?y nobles & l&[n]s reside "h 9 w9t]1 & h\ses wor?y ( ! "n ( palaces1 su* z ^? ( ! elegant & high-born ,c\ntess ( ,urr5z(f1 ! ,gov]nor-,g5]al ,pr9ce ,manukeb1 ,c\nt ,tol/oy1 ,mr4 ,maas ! great bank]1 & num]\s o!rs4 ,! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 al?\gh ! soil is ri*1 is op51 ) v few trees1 & has !re=e a bleak1 uncom=table appe>ance4 ,! cu/om-h\se (fic]s 7 v civil1 to my surprise1 & gave u v little tr\ble1 s we soon got p]mission to l&1 & imm$iately w5t to ! ,htel de ,londres1 a v f9e ext5sive build+1 situat$ 9 ! gr& r[ ( build+s already m5tion$ fac+ ! sea4 ,"h we obta9$ h&some1 spaci\s1 well-furni%$ rooms1 & liv$ v com=tably at a mod]ate *>ge4 ,! next day ,i call$ ^u ! ,gov]nor1 ,c\nt ,/rogon(f2 ! ,mayor1 ,c\nt ,tol/oy2 ! ,engli% ,consul1 ,mr4 ,gr5ville ,murray1 & sev]al memb]s ( ! municipality4 ,hav+ paid ^! =mal visits ( c]emony1 at :i* ,i 0 c\rte\sly receiv$1 ,i imm$iately began to inquire into ! be/ mode ( pav+ & dra9+ ! city1 :]e ! be/ mat]ials 7 to be obta9$ & _! prices2 9 fact1 ev]y?+ connect$ ) !m4 ,be=e proce$+ fur!r x may be prop] to describe ! /ate ( ! place z reg>ds pav+ & sew]s1 :i* may be summ$ up 9 a few words4 ,!re 0 nei!r "o nor ! o!r2 & x is difficult to conceive h[ su* a f9e & weal?y city c\ld h be5 built1 or c\ld h exi/$ s long )\t !m4 ,fir/1 ) reg>d to ! /reets4 ,! soil is compos$ *iefly ( s& mix$ ) clay1 :i* dur+ f9e dry wea!r makes a tol]ably good road1 b ! mom5t x becomes saturat$ ) wat]1 :i* is ! case = a consid]able portion ( ! ye>1 x is conv]t$ into "o va/ puddle1 & ! l>ge & con/ant traffic cuts x up into deep holes & gullies1 s t 9 a comp>atively %ort "t ! road is a sea ( mud1 & almo/ impassable4 ,dur+ my /ay !re 7 only a few days' ra91 b ev5 ?is gave me a tol]able idea ( x1 s t ,i c\ld easily believe ! acc\nt giv5 to me by ! au?orities & o!r inhabitants 0 by no means exagg]at$4 ,dur+ ! wor/ /ate ( ! /reets1 ! ob/ruction ( bullocks & horses try+ to drag ! load$ waggons & c>riages 0 some?+ dreadful1 & _m a waggon 0 left irrevocably fix$ 9 ! mud ) num]\s c>casses ( horses & bullocks ly+ beside x4 ,x 0 a s+ul> ?+ t ne>ly all ! corn w>eh\ses 7 9 ! upp] p>ts ( ! t[n1 ab\t a mile f ! h>b\r :]e ! corn 0 to be %ipp$1 in/ead ( be+ close by4 ,dur+ ! wet season x co/s z mu* to get ! corn f ! gran>ies to ! h>b\r z to take x f ,odessa to ,london4 ,! but*]s' %ops 7 at ! upp] end ( ! t[n1 f half to ?ree qu>t]s ( a mile f ! ea/]n "p1 :]e all ! pr9cipal p live1 & :5 provisions 7 requir$ = ! family !y 7 oblig$ to hire a c>riage ) ?ree or f\r horses to get !m2 & unless a family kept a regul> /ore ( provisions !y ran a great risk ( be+ />v$4 ,! roads 9 ! c\ntry r\nd are n a bit bett] ?an ^? 9 ,odessa2 dur+ wet wea!r !y are almo/ impassable4 ,ab\t tw5ty-eight miles f ,odessa1 at a place on ! ,riv] ,dnei/]1 is a k9d ( dept = ! va/ quantities ( corn br\ght d[n f ! int]ior4 ,imm5se heaps or hills ( corn 7 ly+ !re :5 ,i visit$ x4 ,9 wet wea!r ^! _c be remov$1 & ,i 0 in=m$ t a great deal 0 burnt or all[$ to rot because x c\ld n be tak5 away1 ei!r on acc\nt ( ! badness ( ! roads or ! dang]\s /ate ( ! b> at ! entrance ( ! riv]4 ,! sew]s 7 v simple4 ,gullies _h be5 made along ea* side ( ! /reets1 into :i* all ! fil? 0 ?r[n1 s t 9 dry seasons x accumulat$ !re1 creat+ ! mo/ (f5sive effluvia1 & 9 wet wea!r x w\ld n run (f1 on acc\nt ( ! gullies be+ block$ up ) mud4 ,x 0 impossible to f9d a city 9 a worse /ate1 & x 0 a/oni%+ t su* a great1 weal?y1 & luxuri\s city c\ld h s long exi/$ 9 su* a condition4 ,z !re 0 no /one 9 ! neighb\rhood fit = pav+ ! /reets1 granite or a simil> h>d /one be+ ! only k9d fit = ! purpose1 ! next "q 0 :]e x 0 to be f\nd1 h[ to get x1 & ! co/ ( do+ s4 ,^u inquiry1 ,i he>d t excell5t granite might be obta9$ 9 any quantity f a qu>ry situat$ on ! riv] ,bug1 & on proce$+ !re ,i f\nd t v good /one might be got ) great ease1 & at a comp>atively trifl+ co/4 ,hav+ made my report1 ,i return$ to ,engl&4 ,9 #ahfb ,i 0 appo9t$ *airman ( ! ,civil ,eng9e]+ ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]national ,exhibition1 assi/$ by ! ,m>quis ( ,salisbury1 ,m4 ,bomm>t1 ,m4 ,ko*1 ( ,b]l92 ,m4 ,lel]e1 ,belgium2 ,m4 ,loehr1 ,au/ria2 ,ces>e ,val]io1 ,italy2 ! ,b>on ,baude1 ,m4 ,mille1 ,mr4 ,c4 ,manby1 ,mr4 ,kelk1 & ,mr4 ,page4 ,our report1 ,i believe1 0 entirely satisfactory4 ,aft] ?is ,i 0 ask$ to exam9e ! wat] supply ( ,vi5na1 & accord+ly1 hav+ rea*$ t city1 ,i turn$ my att5tion to ! foll[+ objects3 ,fir/1 to ! mode !re adopt$ = supply+ ! wat]2 ?is ,i f\nd to be by means ( /eam pump+ eng9es ( inadequate p[]1 :i* =c$ ! wat] ?r\gh iron pipes to f\nta9s 9 ! diff]5t /reets1 :5ce x 0 obta9$ & deliv]$ into ! h\ses by c>ts & c>ri]s4 ,! supply 0 n en\gh = ! wants ( ! t[n1 nei!r 0 ! wat] suffici5tly pure nor prop]ly filt]$4 ,x conta9$ a good deal ( vegetable matt] at ! be/ ( times1 z ! wat] 0 admitt$ ?r\gh ! por\s soil adjo9+ ! riv] into v small res]voirs1 & x _h no "t to deposit ! alluvial matt] ) :i* x 0 *>g$ be=e x 0 deliv]$ = use4 ,moreov]1 ?is me?od ( supply+ ! wat] by means ( /eam pump+ eng9es 0 a con/ant exp5se1 & ! m wat] t 0 requir$ ! great] w\ld ! exp5se be4 ,i f\nd1 also1 t an ,engli% p>ty _h propos$ to ext5d & amplify ! exi/+ sy/em1 by erect+ m p[]ful eng9es1 & by mak+ receiv+ & filt]+ res]voirs ^u a mu* l>g] scale ab\t ?ree or f\r miles high] up ! ,danube1 on ! same side1 :]e ! wat] 0 cle>] & m free f ! sewage ( ! city4 ,n[1 :5 ,i consid]$ t ! population 0 ev5 !n betwe5 five & six hundr$ ?\s&1 & t x 0 daily increas+1 ?is pump+ sy/em appe>$ to me to be ! wor/ plan possible to effect ! desir$ object1 unless no o!r means c\ld be f\nd4 ,i !re=e det]m9$ to explore ! environs ( ! city1 z ,i felt conv9c$1 f ! geographical features ( ! neighb\rhood1 t !re mu/ be num]\s /reams amply suppli$ ) wat]1 ) _! b$s suffici5tly elevat$1 & ) res]voir room to any ext5t1 to af=d1 by gravitation1 an abundant supply ( ! be/ wat] to ,vi5na1 n only = ! pres5t numb] ( inhabitants1 b = ?ree millions & upw>ds4 ,9 o!r words1 ,i propos$ to conduct ! wat] f "s ( ^! s\rces 9 a cov]$ aqu$uct1 simply by its own natural incl9ation1 to a res]voir situat$ above ! tops ( ! l(tie/ h\ses1 9 ! highe/ "p ( ! city2 ?us all pump+ w\ld be done away )1 & a va/ ye>ly exp5diture w\ld be sav$2 ! fir/ co/ ( ^! works w\ld n exce$ ! fir/ co/ ( ! ext5d$ plan on ! old sy/em above m5tion$1 z propos$ to be made high] up ! ,danube4 ,fur!r inve/igation completely e/abli%$ ! correctness ( my op9ion4 ,on my return ,i took ! railway to ,trie/e1 pass+ by ,bad51 ,neu/adt1 up ! l9e or valley ( ! ,lei?a1 z f> z ! base ( ! ,smm]+ ridge4 ,"h ,i fir/ visit$ ! ,fis*a ,dagnitz riv]1 "o ( ! tribut>ies ( ! ,lei?a2 x is a spl5did /ream1 ab\t tw5ty feet wide1 ?ree to f\r feet deep1 ! wat] z cle> z cry/al1 & fl[+ ov] a gravelly bottom4 ,dur+ ! height ( summ] ! temp]ature seldom exce$s #dj degrees ( ,fahr5heit4 ,x is impossible to imag9e a f9] /ream2 x has be5 analyz$ & highly approv$ by "s ( ! fir/ *emi/s1 :o pron\nce x to be exce$+ly pure4 ,?is wat] c\ld be convey$ by gravitation ?r\gh a cov]$ conduit to ! top ( a hill ov]look+ ,vi5na1 & f !nce x c\ld be deliv]$ to ! highe/ p>ts ( ! city 9 ample quantity1 )\t pump+ or filtration4 ,! wat] ( ! ,danube1 ev5 aft] filtration1 _c be comp>$ ) x4 ,! ,fis*a ,dagnitz turn$ a numb] ( mills 9 its c\rse1 & ?is 0 ! only objection to tak+ ! wat]4 ,b ?is 0 a loss t c\ld easily be comp5sat$ = by mak+ res]voirs1 to be suppli$ by ! surplus wat]s ( ?is & o!r /reams4 ,! ,fis*a ,dagnitz1 !re=e1 appe>$ to me to be decid$ly ! be/ s\rce = supply+ ,vi5na ) pure wat]1 = any reasonable numb] ( inhabitants4 ,i next exam9$ ! ,lei?a above ! ,dagnitz1 & "h ,i f\nd t !re 0 a sup]abundant supply1 al?\gh ! wat] 0 by no means s good z t ( ! ,dagnitz4 ,i exam9$ sev]al o!r tribut>ies to ! ,lei?a1 pass+ ov] an ext5sive mass ( dbris1 call$ ! ,/e9feld1 :]e ,i f\nd t by damm+ "s l>ge res]voirs c\ld be made1 f :i* an ample supply c\ld be obta9$ ( ! same quality z t ( ! ,lei?a1 al?\gh by no means s good z t ( ! ,fis*a ,dagnitz4 ,x 0 q cle>1 !re=e1 t pl5ty ( wat] c\ld be obta9$ = ,vi5na n[ & = all future "t f ?is qu>t]4 ,b n wi%+ to ov]look any s\rce f :5ce a supply ( wat] c\ld be procur$1 ,i took ! railway f ,vi5na to ,/4 ,polt51 a t[n on ! road to ,l9z4 ,"h ,i f\nd a v f9e & copi\s /ream1 ?\gh :5 ,i exam9$ x1 x 0 ne>ly 9 its l[e/ /ate4 ,! gr\nd betwe5 x & ,vi5na 0 v high1 s t to a c]ta9 ext5t pump+ mu/ h be5 resort$ to1 if ?is s\rce ( supply 0 adopt$4 ,ano!r objection 0 ! mu* great] di/ance z comp>$ ) ! /reams up ! valley ( ! ,lei?a4 ,i felt !re=e satisfi$ t x w\ld n d1 & t ! "q lay betwe5 ! ,fis*a ,dagnitz & ! tribut>ies ( ! ,lei?a on ! ,/e9feld above m5tion$4 ,all ^! obs]vations ,i embodi$ 9 a report to ! municipality ( ,vi5na1 & recomm5d$ ! ,fis*a ,dagnitz2 = al?\gh !re might be a few feet less fall1 /ill1 tak+ into acc\nt ! f> great] purity ( ! wat]1 x 0 ! be/4 ,! municipality receiv$ my report1 & return$ me _! ?anks = x4 ,at all ev5ts1 ,i _h decid$ ! "q aga9/ tak+ ! wat] f ! ,danube4 ,hav+ made ^! inve/igations & s5t 9 my report ^u !m1 x n[ rema9$ = ! municipality to decide4 ,!y said !y w\ld take "t to consid]1 & accord+ly appo9t$ "s ( ! mo/ able & sci5tific (fic]s ( _! own body1 z well z ^? atta*$ to ! ,gov]nm5t1 to inve/igate ! subject fur!r4 ,aft] above two ye>s' exam9ation ^! p]sons made _! report1 recomm5d+ t ! pr9ciple ( gravitation z propos$ by me %\ld be adopt$1 & t ! supply %\ld be tak5 f ! tribut>ies ( ! ,lei?a 9 ! ,/e9feld3 ?is 0 9 fact adopt+ my plan1 al?\gh ,i pref]r$ ! ,fis*a ,dagnitz z ! s\rce ( supply1 z none c\ld or did dispute ! sup]ior quality ( its wat] to all o!rs4 ,! municipality h be5 delib]at+ ev] s9ce on ! be/ plan ( c>ry+ ?is great "w into effect1 :e!r by a private company1 or :e!r !y %all execute ! works by contract & supply ! wat] at _! own co/4 ,?is "q1 z f> z ,i "k1 has n be5 settl$1 al?\gh x has be5 n[ ne>ly six ye>s 9 agitation2 mean:ile ! city suff]s mat]ially f ! want ( a good supply ( pure :olesome wat]4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahfa a ,mr4 ,p>k5s*olz1 & ,m4 ,jos de ,cont1 a memb] ( "o ( ! weal?ie/ & mo/ respectable families ( ,/4 ,mi*ael's1 ! pr9cipal isl& ( ! ,azores1 call$ & in=m$ me t ! ,portuguese ,gov]nm5t _h decid$ to make a h>b\r at ,ponta ,delgada1 ! *ief t[n ( ,/4 ,mi*ael's1 ! co/ ( :i* 0 e/imat$ at ! sum ( #acd1jjjl4 ,i repli$ t ,i %\ld be will+ to und]take ! sup]9t5d5ce & con/ruction ( ?is h>b\r1 provid$ t ,i 0 n compell$ to s]ve !m beyond ! t]m ( f\r ye>s1 & t ,i 0 n to be responsible ei!r = ! plan or = ! am\nt e/imat$ to complete x4 ,to ^! t]ms ! ,portuguese ,gov]nm5t cons5t$1 & ,i />t$ = ! ,azores 9 ,septemb]1 #ahfa4 ,we rea*$ ,ponta ,delgada on ! #bj? ,septemb]1 & 7 v mu* delight$ ) our fir/ view ( x4 ,! t[n rose rapidly f ! sea1 & pres5t$ a mo/ int]e/+ appe>ance4 ,! spires ( num]\s *ur*es1 />t+ up f ! level ( ! surr\nd+ h\ses1 pi]c$ ! blue sky1 :ile "h & !re 7 g>d5s fill$ ) ! gaye/ ( fl[]s1 & groves ( orange1 lemon1 & olive trees1 ! :ole embosom$ 9 a picturesque bay1 back$ by ev]gre5 conical hills1 rem9d+ "o a good deal ( ,naples4 ,on l&+ ,i 0 receiv$ ) great c]emony1 & 0 wait$ on by ! ,junta at my hotel4 ,! next day ,i att5d$ a meet+ ( ! ,junta at ! ,gov]nor's h\se1 :5 we discuss$ all ! v>i\s prelim9>y op]ations t 7 necess>y prep>atory to comm5c+ ! h>b\r4 ,x appe>$ desirable t ! fir/ /one %\ld be laid be=e ,i left ! isl&1 & prep>ations 7 ord]$ to be made accord+ly4 ,i gave ,mr4 ,plews full in/ructions z to :at 0 necess>y = ?is1 & hav+ two days to sp>e ,i det]m9$ to accompany my fri5d1 ,mr4 ,?omas ,iv5s1 on an excursion to ,furness1 a celebrat$ wat]+-place1 situat$ ne> ! ea/]n end ( ! isl&1 ab\t #bg miles di/ant4 ,we />t$ on a c\ple ( good donkeys1 ) ano!r c>ry+ "s provisions1 & proce$$ along ! s\? %ore ov] a v fair c>riage road1 = ab\t five miles1 ?r\gh "s neat villages emb[]$ 9 orange & lemon or*>ds1 pass+ also by com=table villas & c\ntry h\ses1 & !n /ruck 9 a nor?-ea/]ly direction across ! isl& ov] an undulat+ well-cultivat$ c\ntry1 *iefly gr[+ ,indian corn & o!r c]eals & gre5 crops4 ,:5 we rea*$ ! summit ( ?is "p ( ! isl& we got a good view ( ! m\nta9s to ! ea/w>d & ( ! sea on ! nor? & s\? sides4 ,we halt$ = ab\t an h\r1 & !n proce$$ to a l>ge t[n situat$ on ! nor!rn %ore1 surr\nd$ by ri* g>d5s & fields1 hav+ e appe>ance ( prosp]ity4 ,f !nce we proce$$ along ! nor? %ore ov] "s v /eep hills & cliffs ov]look+ ! sea1 ! road /ill good1 until we got to a little roadside inn ab\t d>k4 ,!re 01 h[ev]1 light en\gh f ! />s to f9d our way1 s (f we set aga91 & go+ ov] a v wild hilly c\ntry got to ! top ( ! pass :i* desc5d$ to ,furness ab\t t5 o'clock at night4 ,"h ! road ceas$1 & we f\nd x necess>y to get (f ! donkeys & walk1 = fe> ( be+ tumbl$ ov] _! heads1 al?\gh !y 7 v sure-foot$4 ,at a subsequ5t visit to ?is place ,i cross$ ov] ! pass by daylight1 & ! view f ! summit is v f9e1 look+ into :at 0 =m]ly ! crat] ( a volcano1 :i* is ne>ly two miles wide1 surr\nd$ by l(ty rugg$ hills betwe5 #bjjj & #cjjj feet high1 ! bottom ( ! crat] valley be+ n[ cov]$ ) ri* v]dure & g>d5s & tropical trees & plants ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,ne> ! crat] 0 ! little village ( ,furness1 ) its *ur* & :ite h\ses dott$ ab\t1 & close by 7 ! sulphur\s hot ba?s s5d+ =? volumes ( /eam1 ! :ole =m+ "o ( ! mo/ picturesque & agreeable sc5es imag9able4 ,we got to ! inn at ! bottom ( ! valley at ab\t #ab ,p4,m41 ?or\ghly tir$1 hav+ ridd5 & walk$ = ne>ly elev5 h\rs4 ,! inn1 consid]+ all ?+s1 0 by no means bad4 ,i got a good b$ & supp]1 & soon fell asleep1 :ile my companion1 ,mr4 ,iv5s1 w5t to 8 family1 :o 7 /opp+ !re4 ,aft] a s\nd night's sleep ,i got up 9 ! morn+ & took a w>m sulphur ba? z hot z ,i c\ld /& x1 :i* 0 ab\t #if2 b y may h ! wat] at almo/ any temp]ature1 z x issues boil+ f ! spr+4 ,close by1 )9 a few y>ds1 is a cold *alybeate spr+1 & n f> di/ant is a va/ ext5t ( ri* alum deposit1 f :i* great quantities may be extract$1 & a manufactory _h !n comm5c$ op]ations4 ,i walk$ ab\t until midday1 q en*ant$ ) ! beauty ( ! place1 d9$ ) my fri5d ,iv5s & 8 amiable family1 & ab\t "o o'clock 9 ! aft]noon m\nt$ my donkey & />t$ (f ) ! guide = ,ponta ,delgada1 be+ det]m9$ if possible to get !re t night4 ,we _h a tol]ably /iff hilly road fit only = mules1 donkeys1 or horses1 be=e we c\ld get out ( ! valley4 ,hav+ asc5d$ ! summit ( ! fir/ pass1 we _h a delightful view beh9d ov] ! delici\s valley ( ,furness :i* we _h j left4 ,we !n came to a r ext5sive lake1 surr\nd$ by ev]gre5 hills ( mu* less elevation ?an ^? surr\nd+ ! valley2 & on ! opposite side ( ?is lake1 :i* 0 two to ?ree miles long & ab\t a mile wide1 we obs]v$ ! c\ntry h\se ( our ,consul1 ,samuel ,v9es1 ,esq41 seat$ on ! side ( a hill ab\t #bjj or #cjj feet above ! lake1 embosom$ 9 woods2 & at ! foot ( ! hill1 close by ! wat]'s edge1 0 a /rong sulphur spr+1 ( ! same temp]ature z ^? ( ,furness1 & l !m cov]$ ) cl\ds ( /eam4 ,!re 0 n a h\se ne> x all r\nd ! lake4 ,x 0 s+ul> t he %\ld h *os5 su* a solit>y spot4 ,i cont9u$ along ! s\? & we/ side ( ! lake1 :i* is b\nd$ by hills cov]$ ) und]wood & ev]gre5s1 b n a h\se nor ev5 a %$ to be se52 only a few solit>y cattle "h & !re ) a %eph]d boy4 ,no?+ c\ld be m /ill or lonely2 b at ! same "t !re 0 a degree ( quiet & repose :i* gave to ! place a c]ta9 undef9able *>m n to be resi/$4 ,^u leav+ ! we/ end ( ! lake we asc5d$ ! hill ov] a rugg$ pa?1 pass+ ?r\gh a wild1 b>e di/rict1 & f ! summit enjoy$ a f9e view ( ne>ly ! :ole ( ! isl&1 :i* 0 v beautiful :i*ev] way y look$4 ,we n[ desc5d$ a v /eep pa?1 ! view *ang+ at e turn4 ,at la/1 ab\t five o'clock1 we rea*$ ! clean1 pretty t[n ( ,villa ,franca1 :]e ,i halt$ ne>ly an h\r = refre%m5t4 ,villa ,franca1 :i* is situat$ 9 a small bay on ! sea-%ore1 0 =m]ly ! capital ( ! isl&1 b an e>?quake hav+ occurr$ ne>1 x 0 ab&on$ = ,delgada4 ,x is /ill a ?riv+ little place1 ) a ri* surr\nd+ c\ntry4 ,!re is a small isl&1 a few hundr$ y>ds f ! %ore1 :]e a good h>b\r might be made4 ,aft] leav+ ?is t[n we _h to take a r\gh road along ! sea-coa/ = a c\ple ( miles1 p>tly ?r\gh deep s&1 & p>tly among scatt]$ rocks1 = !re 0 no regul> road4 ,we !n left ! %ore & travell$ ov] ! cliffs by an equally bad pa?1 sometimes ov] deep *asms & sometimes up n>r[ gl5s1 until we rea*$ ! high road aga91 at :i* ,i 0 v glad1 z x 0 n[ d>k & v difficult to f9d our way4 ,we pu%$ =w>d ) confid5ce1 & ! donkeys w5t on v well2 aft] pass+ ?r\gh num]\s villages1 sometimes ly+ on ! sea-%ore1 at o!rs a little di/ance inl&1 at la/1 mu* to my satisfaction--= ,i 0 v tir$--we rea*$ ,mr4 ,rodrigue's com=table hotel ab\t midnight4 ,old ,rodrigue 0 surpris$ t ,i _h made ! j\rney ( betwe5 #ej & #fj miles 9 s %ort a "t1 = al?\gh x 0 ! mon? ( ,septemb]1 ! sun 0 v p[]ful1 & ! road = _m miles 0 v bad4 ,next day we _h ano!r meet+ ( ! ,junta1 & !y made all ! arrangem5ts = lay+ ! fir/ /one ( ! new h>b\r1 :i* 0 to take place ) e possible c]emony4 ,i f\nd t ,mr4 ,plews _h got a c\ple ( l>ge /ones well dress$ = ! purpose2 ! capta9 ( ! port _h provid$ ! %e]s & tackle = hoi/+ !m2 & ! ,junta _h procur$ 9 ! t[n a v pretty silv] tr[el1 a mallet1 & mort> hold]4 ,a commodi\s gangway _h be5 prep>$ f ! %ore to ! we/ end ( ! old mole1 front+ ! area :]e ! new pi] or mole 0 to comm5ce1 accord+ to ! plan approv$ ( by ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,! :ole t[n 0 9 motion at an e>ly h\r1 & great numb]s ( p came 9 f ! neighb\r+ t[ns & villages1 all dress$ 9 holiday co/ume4 ,! t[n 0 decorat$ ) ! flags ( v>i\s nations1 among/ :i* ! ,union ,jack 0 p>ticul>ly conspicu\s4 ,9 fact1 x 0 consid]$ a great national fte2 ! m s1 z a "w su* z ?is 0 int5d$ to be _h nev] be5 previ\sly und]tak5 9 ?is isl&1 or 9 ! k+dom ( ,portugal itself4 ,! procession 0 m>%all$ at ! ,t[n ,hall1 & consi/$ ( ! b& ( ! militia ( ! isl&2 !n ! gov]nor1 8 secret>y1 & ! ,junta or committee t 0 to conduct ! "w1 foll[$ by ! pr9cipal (fic]s1 m]*ants1 & deputations f ! *ief t[ns 9 ! isl&1 ) _! respective bann]s1 clos$ by a numb] ( ! mo/ respectable inhabitants ( ! place2 ! l[] ord]s1 clad 9 _! be/1 l9+ ! way by :i* we pass$4 ,^u arriv+ at ! place we 7 met by ! *ief prie/ ( ! isl&1 :o1 9 a %ort pray]1 invok$ a bless+ f ! ,almighty t ! ent]prise might prosp]4 ,!n1 ^u a signal be+ giv51 co9s ( ! realm1 toge!r ) a pr9t$ pap]1 conta9+ an acc\nt ( ! propos$ "w1 ! names ( ! gov]nor & ,junta1 ! eng9e]s1 (fic]s1 c41 7 plac$ 9 a glass bottle1 & deposit$ 9 ! cavity ( ! l[] /one1 :i* _h previ\sly be5 prep>$ & set4 ,! gov]nor hav+ plac$ ! glass case 9 ! cavity1 ,i h&$ to him ! silv] tr[el1 ) :i* he spread out ! mort>4 ,! /one 0 l[]$ into its place1 & ! gov]nor1 hav+ previ\sly adju/$ x1 gave ! usual ?ree taps ) ! mallet1 & ! c]emony 0 f9i%$ ) a dis*>ge ( guns f ! =t1 & num]\s %[]s ( rockets f ! t[n1 amid/ ! *e]s & vivas ( ! by/&]s1 ! b& play+ ! national an!m4 ,9 ! ev5+ a v h&some ent]ta9m5t 0 giv5 at ,m4 ,jos de ,cont's villa1 on ! outside ( ! t[n1 to :i* ! ,junta & pr9cipal (fic]s & m]*ants ( ! place 7 invit$4 ,! ,portuguese b& play$ admirably dur+ & aft] d9n]1 & we all retir$ mu* pleas$ ) ! success ( ! day's proce$+s4 ,! gov]nor pres5t$ me ) ! silv] tr[el1 :i* ,i respectfully decl9$1 & reque/$ him to keep x z a memorial ( ! happy day2 :i* he1 aft] "s hesitation1 accept$1 & ,i cont5t$ myself ) ! poli%$ mort> hold]1 & ! next lead+ man ( ! ,junta accept$ ! mallet4 ,! next day ,i made f9al arrangem5ts = my dep>ture by ! packet1 :i* 0 expect$ on its return f ,fayal ! day aft]4 ,9 ! mean "t ,i _h be5 consid]+ ! dang] ( ! h>b\r z laid d[n or r approv$ by ! ,gov]nm5t1 & f\nd t if ! we/ mole 0 comm5c$ at ! ea/ end ( ,=t ,san ,bray1 z propos$1 ! =t w\ld be expos$ to a mu* heavi] swell2 b t by mak+ x comm5ce at ! we/]n end ( ! =t ?is w\ld be avoid$2 moreov]1 ! sum ( #fjjl4 w\ld be sav$1 & ! h>b\r w\ld be made s mu* l>g]4 ,?is recomm5dation 0 aft]w>ds adopt$ by ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,i n[ took my leave ( ! gov]nor & all ! au?orities1 & my o!r fri5ds1 ) my grateful ?anks = _! k9dness & att5tion4 ,! isl&1 tak5 9 a direct l9e f nor? to s\?1 is ab\t #dj miles long1 & f #g to #i miles wide4 ,x is entirely volcanic4 ,! ea/ & we/ ends exhibit ! mo/ p[]ful effects ( ! volcanic =ce4 ,9 ! =m] we see m\nta9s rais$ to ! height ( ab\t #ccjj feet above ! level ( ! ,atlantic1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* lies ! valley ( ,furness1 ! bottom be+ occupi$ by a lake t /ill s5ds =? sulphur\s vap\rs2 & 9 ! latt] or we/ end we f9d m\nta9s ( ab\t #cjjj feet1 ! c5tre ( :i* is occupi$ by a l>ge lake1 )\t any exhibition ( exi/+ volcanic action4 ,ne> ! c5tre ( ! isl&1 :i* is ! n>r[e/ "p1 !re are num]\s m9or conical-%ap$ hills ( less elevation1 b all m or less %[+ _! volcanic orig94 ,! isl& enjoys a mo/ g5ial climate1 & fro/ or sn[ is ( r>e occurr5ce2 b dur+ ! autumn & w9t] x is visit$ by heavy gales f all qu>t]s ( ! compass1 :i* ext5d ov] a di/ance ( ab\t #ajj miles4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod a great deal ( ra9 falls1 & ! climate may be said to be moi/1 mu* resembl+ t ( ,madeira4 ,=m]ly a good deal ( w9e 0 produc$ "h1 b s9ce #ahee1 :5 ! oidium disease made its appe>ance1 ! v9tage has be5 v unsatisfactory2 & al?\gh a c]ta9 quantity ( w9e1 resembl+ t ( ,madeira1 is /ill made = home consumption1 none is export$4 ,! pr9cipal productions ( ! isl& n[ are oranges & lemons1 ( :i* va/ quantities are annually export$ to ! nor? ( ,europe4 ,! di/rict :]e ^! are produc$ is re/rict$ to ! c5tre ( ! isl&1 comm5c+ at ,ponta ,delgada1 & ext5d+ ea/w>d ab\t #g or #h miles4 ,on ! nor? x is b\nd$ by ! c5tral ridge ( hills1 & on ! s\? by ! sea1 ! wid? be+ ab\t #c or #d miles1 s t x enjoys ! full rays ( ! s\!rn sun4 ,^! orange & lemon or*>ds are cultivat$ ) ! greate/ c>e1 & :]ev] !y are expos$ to ! ea/1 we/1 or s\!rn gales are protect$ by high /one walls4 ,on ! nor? ! hills alone af=d suffici5t %elt]4 ,t[>ds ! latt] end ( ,octob] ! season comm5ces1 & cont9ues until ab\t ! end ( ,febru>y1 dur+ :i* "t ! h>b\r ( ,ponta ,delgada is cont9ually cr[d$ ) %ipp+1 :il/ on %ore ! inhabitants are busy pack+ ! fruit 9 boxes2 ^! boxes are made f ! wood br\ght *iefly f ! =e/s t clo! ! m\nta9s at ! ea/]n end ( ! isl&4 ,! vessels 9 :i* ! fruit is export$ are pr9cipally small s*oon]s1 built r %ort1 capital sea boats1 & mann$ by ! be/ ( capta9s & sailors1 :o ?or\ghly und]/& _! pr(ession4 ,!y g to sea 9 any wea!r1 :i* is at times mo/ sev]e1 r>ely if ev] meet ) any accid5ts on ! voyage1 & make ! passage to ,engl& 9 f eight to t5 days4 ,x is true !y are sometimes driv5 a%ore :5 !y break f _! moor+s 9 ! expos$ road/ead ( ,ponta ,delgada dur+ heavy gales f ! s\?-we/ to ! s\?-ea/1 to :i* x is expos$2 b ?is w be obviat$ by ! new h>b\r1 & 0 "o ( ! objects ( its be+ made4 ,sometimes1 dur+ ! preval5ce ( ^! gales1 !y are oblig$ to slip _! an*ors1 & run = %elt] to ! nor!rn side ( ! isl&1 :]e !y occasionally %ip _! c>goes1 :i* is always done by means ( light]s f ! %ore4 ,imm$iately !y are lad5 !y />t ) ! fir/ fair w9d1 h[ev] /rongly x bl[s2 !y nev] wait = wea!r1 b z soon z lad5 !y put to sea1 & g5]ally make good1 inde$1 ! be/ ( passages4 ,i met a "y botani/ :o _h come out 9 "o ( ^! vessels to ,ponta ,delgada1 = ! purpose ( mak+ botanical rese>*es 9 ?is & 9 ! neighb\r+ isl&s1 9 ! mon? ( ,m>*2 !y _h an excell5t passage until !y got )9 ab\t a hundr$ miles ( ,/4 ,mi*ael's1 :5 he said to ! capta91 8,we %all be !re to-morr[40 ,! capta91 an excell5t sailor1 look+ at ! signs ( ! wea!r1 repli$1 8,i don't ?9k s4 ,we are go+ to h a h>d gale f ! s\?w>d40 ,he imm$iately ord]$ 8 mate to well batt5 d[n ! hat*ways1 %ort5 sail1 & make all z snug z possible4 ,! capta9 0 "r2 ! gale f ! s\? came a few h\rs aft]w>ds1 ) a v heavy sea4 ,! "y botani/ frankly confess$ to me t he began to be t]ribly afraid at see+ ! trem5d\s sea runn+ aft] !m1 & ask$ ! capta9 if !re 0 any dang]2 :5 ! capta9 coolly repli$1 8,nev] fe>3 x is only a little loss ( "t4 ,g to y\r b]?1 & lie !re quietly4 ,we %all get !re safe en\gh1 ) a little pati5ce40 ,! capta9 !n ord]$ ! vessel to be hove-to1 & !re %e lay z com=tably z possible1 nev] %ipp+ a s+le sea1 al?\gh ! waves 7 runn+ m\nta9s high4 ,aft] ab\t five or six days %e ent]$ ! bay ( ,ponta ,delgada )\t hav+ su/a9$ ! lea/ damage4 ,%e got h] c>go ( fruit abo>d & return$ directly1 & made "o ( ! quicke/ passages t season to ,engl&4 ,besides oranges & lemons1 ,/4 ,mi*ael's gr[s l>ge quantities ( ,indian corn1 :eat1 b>ley1 potatoes1 & o!r articles1 ( :i* %e exports l>gely to ,portugal1 & is consid]$ ! gran>y ( ! k+dom2 h] exports are mu* l>g] ?an h] imports1 & %e receives back 9 return w9e1 oil1 & manufactur$ goods4 ,9 fact1 ,/4 ,mi*ael's is look$ ^u by ! ,portuguese z _! mo/ productive & weal?ie/ isl&4 ,! population is extremely civil1 h>d-work+1 & indu/ri\s1 & ! upp] classes are weal?y1 ent]pris+1 & en]getic1 & s5d "s ( ! mo/ tal5t$ deputies to ! ,cortes1 :o by _! ability & p]sev]ance atta9 ! highe/ (fices 9 ! ,/ate2 = example1 ! late ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 ,s5hor ,avila1 :o1 al?\gh a r\gh subject1 0 yet possess$ ( great tal5ts & integrity4 ,! isl& also furni%es "s v f9e h>dy sailors & soldi]s2 & ,i 0 told t ! o!r isl&s ( ,pico1 ,fayal1 & ,/4 ,m>y's1 al?\gh n equal 9 ext5t or weal?1 d ! same4 ,on ! #i? ( ,octob] 7#ahfc7 ,i aga9 left ,london = ,lisbon by "o ( ! ,royal ,mail /eam]s1 & rea*$ x on ! morn+ ( ! #ac? foll[+1 & on ! #ae?1 9 ! ev5+1 ,i />t$ 9 ! packet = ,ponta ,delgada1 :i* we rea*$ on ! morn+ ( ! #bj?1 aft] an agreeable & tol]ably smoo? passage4 ,i f\nd t "s consid]able progress _h be5 made ) ! prelim9>y works2 al?\gh ^! 7 n s f> advanc$ z !y might h be51 9 consequ5ce ( ! ,junta n hav+ f\nd ! necess>y funds4 ,i _h previ\sly expla9$ to !m 9 writt5 reports1 t ! m complete ! prelim9>y works 7 made1 & ! l>g] ! scale on :i* ! op]ations 7 conduct$1 ! soon] ! h>b\r w\ld be complet$1 & ! great] w\ld be ! economy4 ,i h already obs]v$ t ! ,gov]nm5t _h approv$ ( a c]ta9 plan = ! h>b\r )\t consult+ me1 & t x _h simply confid$ to me ! *>ge ( c>ry+ ! design into effect4 ,h[ev]1 ,i felt x my duty to consid] ! plan m maturely1 s z to asc]ta9 h[ f> x 0 likely to answ] ! object int5d$2 z1 = example1 :e!r ! e/imate made 0 suffici5t = ! purpose1 & :e!r x c\ld be done )9 ! "t /at$4 ,i c\ld n at fir/ d ?is1 because ,i _h n _h "t suffici5t to inve/igate ! local circum/ances2 h[ev]1 ^u my second visit1 ! exp]i5ce ( my =m] "o1 comb9$ ) ! obs]vations :i* ,mr4 ,plews _h made 9 ! meantime1 enabl$ me to ma/] ! subject2 & ^u c>efully consid]+ ! plan adopt$ by ! ,gov]nm5t1 & comp>+ x ) ! local exp]i5ce :i* ,i _h n[ obta9$1 ,i felt conv9c$ t ! design w\ld n effect ! object propos$4 ,vessels w\ld nei!r be able to ent] nor dep>t dur+ ! mo/ dang]\s & preval5t w9ds1 )\t ! risk ( be+ %ipwreck$2 nei!r c\ld ^? vessels ly+ 9 ! h>b\r be consid]$ safe4 ,! plan 0 defici5t 9 all ! qualities necess>y = a good h>b\r2 z reg>ds ! exp5se1 x w\ld co/ at lea/ m ?an d\ble ! e/imate2 & z to ! "t1 x w\ld be extremely difficult to /ate :5 ! works w\ld be complet$4 ,hav+ cle>ly satisfi$ myself ^u ^! po9ts1 ,i felt x my duty to in=m ! ,junta1 s t !y might report ! same to ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,! ,junta receiv$ my rem>ks v cauti\sly1 & said t sev]al objections to ! plan adopt$ _h occurr$ to !m2 h[ev]1 !y did n pret5d to give any op9ion ^u ! subject1 & !y reque/$ me to make a full report ^u ! plan adopt$1 toge!r ) all my objections1 & ! co/ ( c>ry+ x into effect4 ,!y also reque/$ me to prep>e a new plan1 accord+ to :at ,i conceiv$ be/ adapt$ to ! local circum/ances2 also an e/imate ( ! co/ ( c>ry+ x into effect2 & said t z soon z !y receiv$ !m !y w\ld s5d !m to ! ,gov]nm5t1 & w\ld communicate to me _! decision z e>ly z possible4 ,?is ,i accord+ly did ^u my return to ,engl&4 ,?is report 0 submitt$ by ! ,junta to ! ,gov]nm5t1 & x 0 decid$ t ! plan ,i propos$ 0 ! be/1 & ! ,gov]nm5t ord]$ x to be c>ri$ into effect4 ,?is decision 0 v gratify+ to me1 = ,i 0 /rongly conv9c$ t ,i 0 "r1 & if ! ,gov]nm5t _h decid$ o!rwise ,i felt t !re 0 no alt]native b to resign my situation4 ,! works 7 !re=e ord]$ to be proce$$ ) accord+ to ! new plan t ,i recomm5d$4 ,! ,junta be=e ,i dep>t$ arrang$ ) me t ! contract = my s]vices %\ld be limit$ to five ye>s f #ahfa1 al?\gh ,i 0 previ\sly in=m$ t x %\ld only be = f\r ye>s1 ! sum = my remun]ation be+ ! same = five z = f\r ye>s2 ?is 0 c]ta9ly a loss to me1 b ,i did n wi% to make any difficulty ab\t x1 z ,i 0 anxi\s t my plan %\ld be adopt$4 ,my design consi/$ simply ( "o mole or breakwat] c>ri$ f ! we/ side ( ,=t ,/4 ,braz1 & 9 su* a direction t no ea/]n pi] w\ld be requir$1 z ! opposite %ore ( ! bay w\ld answ] t purpose4 ,! mole consi/s ( two arms1 "o at ! %ore end1 #bjjj feet long1 & ! out] end f #hjj to #ajjj feet long1 ) ample dep? )9 f #dj to #ej feet1 & cov]+ a wat] space ( ne>ly d\ble ! ext5t ( ! old plan4 ,?is new mole :5 f9i%$ w h a /rong prom5ade /one p>apet #bj feet above ! level ( high wat]1 & a roadway bel[ #dj feet wide1 l9$ by a quay wall on ! inside1 alongside ( :i* ! l>ge/ vessels may approa* & take 9 & deliv] _! c>goes at all times4 ,railways w be laid along ! quays1 & cranes work$ by /eam w travel along !m = load+ & unload+ ! vessels4 ,?is mole is n[ advanc$ outw>ds ab\t #afjj feet1 & if ! ,junta _h only foll[$ my advice1 x ought to h be5 f9i%$ by ?is "t4 ,i always calculat$ t aft] ! fir/ ye>1 :5 ! :ole ( ! works 7 9 full op]ation1 f #ajjj to #abjj tons ( /one %\ld be daily deposit$1 :]eas1 ^u an av]age !y h n done half t quantity1 9 consequ5ce ( _! n employ+ suffici5t plant 9 ! %ape ( waggons1 trucks1 cranes1 locomotives1 tools1 c42 h[ev]1 t is _! fault1 n ours4 ,i h con/antly made reports po9t+ out ^! defici5cies4 ,! qu>ries hav+ n[ be5 op5$1 railways laid1 & a suffici5t numb] ( locomotives1 waggons1 & trucks hav+ be5 provid$ = ! pres5t1 ,i propos$ to ! ,junta t !y %\ld comm5ce deposit+ /one on ! l9e ( ! great mole4 ,! lay+ ( ! fir/1 z m5tion$ be=e1 0 simply a matt] ( c]emony1 z !y 7 really n !n 9 a position to comm5ce ! actual "w4 ,! ,junta approv$ ( my proposal1 & accord+ly1 two days be=e my dep>ture1 ?is c]emony took place4 ,ab\t six waggons lad5 ) blocks f two to five tons weight 7 drawn by "o ( ! locomotive eng9es f ! qu>ries to ! end ( ! /ag+ or plat=m 9 ! l9e ( ! mole1 & 7 !re deposit$ ) great clat4 ,! locomotive !n return$ ) ! empty waggons & br\ght six m1 :i* 7 deposit$ 9 ! same mann]1 & ?is op]ation cont9u$ ?r\gh\t ! day4 ,z ?is mode ( conduct+ ! h>b\r works _h nev] be5 be=e se5 on ! isl&1 x creat$ mu* int]e/ & a/oni%m5t among/ ! natives1 & ! ladies 7 p>ticul>ly amus$ by tak+ a ride ^u ! locomotive eng9es4 ,i simply obs]ve once = all t ?is mole 0 to be con/ruct$ by deposit+1 f op5 /ag+ 9 ! l9e ( ! mole1 blocks ( r\gh /one v>y+ f a qu>t] ( a ton to #aj tons 9 weight1 :5 !y c\ld be obta9$4 ,^! blocks be+ deposit$ 9 ! sea1 ! waves w\ld soon drive & consolidate !m toge!r1 until aft] a "t ! mass becomes immovable2 9 fact1 ! sea is ! workman or mason to arrange ! /one deposit$ 9 su* a mann] t x %all become fix$ 9 its place2 !re=e1 dur+ ! op]ation ! m & heavi] ! /orms ! bett]1 ! great po9t be+ t ! /one %all be c>ri$ out & deposit$ 9 su* masses t ! sea %all n break ?r\gh x1 b m]ely act ^u x1 by draw+ d[n ! ext]ior or sea slope to su* an angle t x w /& aft] ! heavie/ /orms4 ,n[ my fa!r1 :o comm5c$ ?is sy/em at ! breakwat] 9 ,plym\? ,s\nd1 & 9 o!r places1 f\nd t ! sea slope ( a mole or breakwat] con/ruct$ 9 ?is mann] w\ld /& an incl9ation ( ab\t #e or #e to #a = e foot p]p5dicul>1 & #a to #a on ! l& side1 z ,i h m5tion$ 9 a =m] *apt]4 ,?r\gh\t all my exp]i5ce ,i h f\nd ! same1 !re=e ! breakwat] at ,ponta ,delgada 0 f\nd$ ^u ?is pr9ciple4 ,five l9es ( railway ( ! #g-;feet gauge h be5 c>ri$ out ^u ! /ag+1 s t ! top has a wid? ( fully #ej feet2 & z ! works proce$ outw>ds ano!r w p]haps be add$1 if circum/ances require x1 :i* w make ! wid? #gj feet4 ,by keep+ up a con/ant supply ( /one1 !re w always be suffici5t = ! waves to act ^u until ! sea slope has atta9$ its ultimate po9t ( repose4 ,z fa/ z ! l>ge blocks ( /one are deposit$ & wa%$ into _! place1 great quantities ( qu>ry rubbi% are suppli$ to fill up ! m9or int]/ices & r5d] ! :ole mass m solid1 until ! slopes are 9 a fit /ate to be regul>ly =m$ & pav$ = receiv+ ! p>apet4 ,= "s ye>s !re _h be5 con/ant compla9t f m]*ants & %ip[n]s t !y 7 tax$ = ,ramsgate h>b\r :5 _! vessels nev] did or c\ld use x4 ,^! cont9u$ compla9ts1 s (t5 repeat$1 at la/ _h effect1 & ,p>liam5t decid$1 9 ! ye> #ahfa1 t ! pass+ toll ( ,ramsgate h>b\r %\ld cease1 & t only ^? vessels t us$ x %\ld pay1 accord+ to a c]ta9 t>iff4 ,! tru/ees "u ^: direction ! h>b\r _h be5 made & ma9ta9$1 compla9$ to ! ,gov]nm5t t )\t ! pass+ toll !y did n see f :5ce funds c\ld be d]iv$ to ma9ta9 x 9 a prop] /ate ( effici5cy1 & !re=e !y reque/$ to be reliev$ ( _! responsibility1 & t5d]$ _! resignations1 :i* 7 accept$ by ! ,gov]nm5t1 & an ,act ( ,p>liam5t 0 pass$ 9 ! ye> #ahfb reliev+ ! old tru/ees f _! tru/1 repeal+ _! ,acts ( ,p>liam5t1 & ve/+ ! h>b\r1 all its funds1 & responsibilities1 9 ! ,bo>d ( ,trade4 ,i succe$$ my fa!r 9 ,decemb] #ahba z eng9e]-9-*ief to ! h>b\r1 at ! same sal>y1 namely1 #bajl4 p] annum1 :i* includ$ travell+ & (fice exp5ses ( e k9d1 ! tru/ees pay+ ! sal>y ( ! resid5t eng9e] !mselves4 ,! h>b\r 0 9 a v dilapidat$ /ate1 9 fact1 x almo/ requir$ rebuild+1 :5 x came "u my direction1 & mon?ly visits ( two & ?ree days 7 necess>y1 besides att5d+ ! ,bo>d 9 ,london once e =tnight exam9+ acc\nts1 correspond5ce1 reports1 & plans1 all ( :i* requir$ a good deal ( lab\r & responsibility1 & :i*1 if paid = accord+ to ! usual pr(essional scale1 w\ld h am\nt$ to at lea/ treble ! sum ( #bjjl41 or m2 b consid]+ ! appo9tm5t to be p]man5t1 & t ^u retirem5t ,i %\ld be entitl$ to an adequate p5sion accord+ to my ye>s ( s]vice1 ,i ?\ght x bett] n to decl9e4 ,9 ! ye> #ahbb1 a committee 0 appo9t$ by ! ,h\se ( ,commons to inve/igate ,ramsgate h>b\r & ev]y?+ connect$ ) x4 ,mr4 ,wallace1 aft]w>ds ,"l ,wallace1 0 *airman ( ?is committee2 he made a se>*+ inquiry1 & f\nd no?+ wrong4 ,i 0 exam9$ at great l5g? t\*+ all works1 ! mode ( manag+ !m1 & :at w\ld be ! total co/ ( do+ s4 ,! co/ x 0 extremely difficult if n impossible to /ate1 = ! great] "p ( ! works 7 "u wat]1 & failures & accid5ts 7 con/antly occurr+ )\t any previ\s w>n+1 s t :at 0 s\nd "o day 0 9 ru9 ! next4 ,z an example1 ,i may m5tion ! we/ pi]-head3 ?is ^u exam9ation c>efully f above appe>$ q s\nd2 n a crack c\ld be se5 above l[ wat]4 ,x is true t ! project+ basem5t floor ( ! ligh?\se1 :i* 0 n prop]ly connect$ ) ! ligh?\se t[] itself1 & 0 little m ?an a m]e %$1 %[$ a slight subsid5ce1 b ?is out] "p ( ! ligh?\se 0 9 no way connect$ ) ! out] walls ( ! pi] head2 9 fact1 x re/$ ^u ! *alk fill+ betwe5 ! out] walls & ! ligh?\se4 ,n[ ?is *alk fill+ might h subsid$1 by "s leaks ?r\gh ! out] wall ( ! pi] head1 )\t d5ot+ any s]i\s defects 9 ! pi]-head walls2 h[ev] ! walls fell1 ) little or no w>n+1 & ! consequ5ce 0 t x 0 necess>y to rebuild ! :ole pi]-head1 & ! ligh?\se also1 at a co/ ( ne>ly #bj1jjjl4 ,to a c]ta9 ext5t ! same ?+ occurr$ at ! ea/ pi]-head2 b ?is ,i obs]v$ 9 "t1 & completely secur$ x at a co/ ( #bjjjl4 ,! :ole ( ! inn] walls ( ! ea/ & we/ pi]s 7 completely und]m9$1 al?\gh f above !y %[$ no signs ( failure1 & ,i 0 oblig$ to und]p9 !m to a dep? ( f #aj to #ab feet bel[ l[ wat] ( spr+ tides4 ,! old wood5 sluices 7 worn out2 & ^! x 0 necess>y to replace4 ,! ma9 entrance f ! h>b\r to ! bas9 0 9 su* a dilapidat$ /ate t x 0 necess>y to take x d[n & rebuild x2 ?is co/ #ah1jjjl4 ,! quay walls ( ! inn] bas9 7 fa/ go+ to decay2 & ,i 0 oblig$ to take !m d[n & rebuild !m4 ,all ! fill+ 9 betwe5 ! out] & inn] walls ( ! out] h>b\r _h sunk 9 num]\s places1 & x 0 unsafe = any p]son or c>riage to g ov] x2 x 0 !re=e imp]ative to take ! :ole ( ?is out & refill x ) prop] concrete4 ,! pavem5t also 0 completely worn out1 s t we _h to r5ew x4 ,!re 0 no means ( supply+ ! %ips ) fre% wat]1 or ( ext+ui%+ fires4 ,x 0 !re=e necess>y to lay pipes ) /op cocks & hoses r\nd ! pi]s & bas91 connect$ ) ! ma9 wat]-pipes 9 ! t[n4 ,! :ole ( ! sewage ( ! t[n 0 dis*>g$ into ! bas91 & at l[ wat] x creat$ a mo/ (f5sive effluvia1 :i* r5d]$ ?is "p ( ! t[n unheal?y2 ,i !re=e recomm5d$ t an int]cept+ sew] %\ld be made r\nd ! bas91 s t all ! sewage %\ld be div]t$ f ! t[n & h>b\r into ! sea1 to ! we/w>d1 & by ?is means x 0 c>ri$ away by ! tide1 & a great nuisance tak5 away f ! t[n4 ,!re 0 no regul> tide gauge to asc]ta9 ! exact rise & fall ( ! tide1 s t ! h>b\r light at night c\ld n be %[n at ! prop] "t1 nei!r c\ld ! day signal be hoi/$ to %[ :5 !re 0 suffici5t dep? at ! entrance4 ,?is defect ,i rem$i$ by e/abli%+ a self-act+ tide gauge 9 a well )9 ! ligh?\se at ! we/ pi]-head4 ,! pole ( ?is tide gauge 0 connect$ ) a cyl9d] & a clock h&2 on ! cyl9d] 0 a roll ( pap]1 & to ! h& ( ! clock 0 atta*$ a p5cil1 :i*1 z ! rod or tide gauge rose & fell1 m>k$ x on ! pap]2 ?us ! rise & fall ( e tide 0 indicat$ ^u ! pap]1 & ! clock %[$ ! "t1 s t ! rise & fall ( e tide 0 regul>ly regi/]$ & kept 9 a book f ye> to ye>4 ,i also e/abli%$ b>omet]s at diff]5t p>ts ( ! h>b\r1 "u lock & key1 ! latt] ( :i* 0 kept by ! h>b\r-ma/]2 ^! b>omet]s 7 set e morn+1 & ! rise & fall 0 regi/]$ 9 a book1 s t all ! capta9s ( vessels 9 ! h>b\r c\ld asc]ta9 z ne>ly z practicable ! /ate ( ! wea!r2 ra9 gauges 7 also e/abli%$1 a regul> acc\nt ( ! ra9fall be+ regi/]$4 ,be=e my "t ! tru/ees _h got an admirable "t clock1 by ,moore1 = :i* !y paid #bjjl41 & ,mr4 ,turn]1 "o ( ! *airm5 ( ! tru/ees1 got ano!r clock f ,d5t's1 :i* co/ #ajel4 ,^! two clocks 7 kept 9 repair by a compet5t p]son1 & correspond$ to a second ) ! ,royal ,obs]vatory "t at ,gre5wi*1 h5ce e capta9 ( a vessel />t+ f ,ramsgate c\ld c>ry ! correct "t ) him4 ,?us ,ramsgate 0 provid$ ) all ! in/rum5ts = asc]ta9+ ! correct "t1 ! /ate ( ! tides1 toge!r ) ! b>omet]1 !rmomet]1 ! w9d & ra9 gauges1 & ev]y?+ necess>y to indicate ! probable /ate ( ! wea!r4 ,all h>b\rs ought to be provid$ ) ^! in/rum5ts1 & a regul> j\rnal %\ld be kept1 =m+ a c>eful record ( ! obs]vations made f !m4 ,aft] ! h>b\r 0 transf]r$ to ! ,bo>d ( ,trade ,i /ill cont9u$ z pr9cipal eng9e]1 at ! same sal>y1 viz4 #cael4 p] annum & travell+ exp5ses4 ,9 ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury a brea* 0 made on ! left bank ( ! ,?ames1 ne> ! village ( ,dag5ham1 & _m ?\s& acres ( ! adjac5t l[l&s 7 inundat$4 ,! mo/ skilful eng9e]s ( ! day tri$ long & 9 va9 to close ! brea*1 b at la/ x 0 effect$ by ,capta9 ,p]ie1 at a co/ ( #bj1jjjl42 b al?\gh ! brea* 0 clos$1 & ne>ly ! :ole subm]g$ l&s reliev$ f ! wat]1 /ill a space am\nt+ to ab\t #ajj acres1 :]e ! brea* took place1 has ev] s9ce rema9$ cov]$1 & is call$ ,dag5ham ,lake at ! pres5t day4 ,! position ( ?is f9e %eet ( wat] be+ on ! ,london side ( ! ,?ames1 its dep? v>y+ f #d to #bj feet bel[ l[ wat] ( spr+ tides1 ! great dep? & wid? ( ! riv] 9 front ( x & its proximity to ,london r5d] x admirably adapt$ = wet or float+ docks4 ,= a long "t x pass$ unnotic$1 until1 ! trade ( ,london increas+1 o!r docks 7 e/abli%$ on bo? sides ( ! ,?ames at & close to ,london2 ! enorm\s co/ ( ^! & ! high rates :i* !y 7 necess>ily oblig$ to *>ge 9 ord] to get any?+ l a remun]at+ divid5d = ! capital exp5d$1 induc$ ent]pris+ p to look out = "s situation l[] d[n ! riv] :]e docks c\ld be e/abli%$ ^u m mod]ate t]ms1 & :]e consequ5tly ! rates w\ld be mu* l[]4 ,among/ o!r places ,dag5ham ,lake attract$ _! notice1 & v naturally s1 = x possess$ all ! requisites = mak+ a complete e/abli%m5t ( ! k9d at a mo/ mod]ate co/1 f> bel[ t :i* _h be5 exp5d$ ^u any ( ! great dock e/abli%m5ts 9 ,london4 ,:o 7 ! fir/ p]sons :o orig9at$ ! idea ( conv]t+ ,dag5ham ,lake into a great dock e/abli%m5t ,i d n "k1 b among/ o!rs1 ,i am told1 0 ,mr4 ,george ,burge1 ! well-kn[n contractor1 ab\t #ahde4 ,subsequ5tly ,mr4 ,crampton took up ! idea1 & propos$ to conv]t ,dag5ham ,lake into a great dock e/abli%m5t ne>ly tw5ty ye>s ago1 b ! project nev] came to maturity4 ,at la/ ,mr4 ,george ,rem+ton1 a well-kn[n projector1 ent]$ into x 9 #ahed1 & ask$ me to jo9 him4 ,on inve/igat+ ! subject ,i 0 satisfi$ ( its intr9sic m]its1 & agre$ to co-op]ate 9 ! und]tak+4 ,a ,bill 0 !re=e obta9$ 9 ! ye> #ahee = ?is purpose4 ,x 0 simply propos$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance to connect ! ,dag5ham ,lake ) ! ,?ames by means ( a lock1 toge!r ) "s small w>eh\ses1 l&+ :>ves1 & a railway to connect x ) ! ,london & ,tilbury l9e2 ! :ole e/imate ( :at x 0 propos$ to d !re be+ conf9$ to #abj1jjjl41 t is to say1 #ij1jjjl4 subscriptions1 & borr[+ p[] ( #cj1jjjl4 ,?is1 x mu/ be obs]v$1 0 m]ely to comm5ce ! und]tak+ ^u a mod]ate scale2 & x 0 int5d$ to ext5d ! quays & w>eh\se room 9 proportion z ! increas$ trade requir$ x1 = ! float+ bas9 accommodation 0 equal to t ( ! l>ge/ docks 9 ,london1 & ! dep? ( wat] 9 ! riv] & 9 ! dock 0 great]4 ,! dock1 if x c\ld be comm5c$ ^u ?is mod]ate scale1 c\ld n1 x is true1 h be5 consid]$ z a p[]ful rival to ! o!r dock e/abli%m5ts1 b x w\ld h reliev$ !m f ! greate/ "p ( ! lumb] trade1 :i* !y c\ld n accommodate )\t great inconv5i5ce & ev5 loss1 su* z ! timb]1 guano1 hemp1 flax1 coal trades1 c42 moreov]1 x w\ld give accommodation = lay+ up 9 ord9>y ! great numb] ( vessels :i* are always m or less unemploy$ 9 ! port ( ,london4 ,x is comput$ t ( unemploy$ vessels !re are g5]ally ab\t #aej1jjj tons2 n[ ^! vessels1 at a p5ny p] ton p] week1 w\ld alone return #gjjjl4 p] annum1 & z !y require no sup]9t5d5ce except f _! own]s1 !y alone w\ld h paid #e p] c5t4 ^u ! total capital ( ! ,company1 & all ! o!r trade w\ld h add$ s mu* m to _! income4 ,x 0 q cle> t x w\ld be to ! int]e/ ( all ! unemploy$ vessels to lay up !re1 because !y c\ld d s at half ! exp5se comp>$ ) ! o!r docks2 = ev5 if !y 7 to lie at _! moor+s 9 ! riv]1 al?\gh !y w\ld be *>g$ no?+1 /ill _! exp5ses w\ld be a great deal m4 ,!re 01 besides1 ano!r trade op5 to ^! docks1 t c\ld n be accommodat$ 9 any ( ! o!rs1 namely1 ! =eign cattle trade1 :i* is e day increas+1 & :i* mu/ cont9ue to increase ) ! population ( ! metropolis4 ,! fir/ ,act1 z ,i h already said1 pass$ 9 #ahee1 & al?\gh sev]al attempts 7 made to =m a company to c>ry x into effect1 !y all fail$4 ,9 #ahfb ano!r ,act ( ,p>liam5t 0 obta9$1 z ! orig9al "o _h ne>ly expir$4 ,9 ! new ,act ! p[]s 7 enl>g$1 & ! works 7 ext5d$ to #cjj1jjjl41 ) p[] to borr[ #ajj1jjjl4 m2 & x 0 aga9 attempt$ to =m a company to c>ry x into effect1 b fail$4 ,9 #ahfe a ?ird attempt 0 made to =m a company1 & by ! aid ( ,messrs4 ,rigby1 ! well-kn[n contractors ( ! great ,admiralty h>b\r at ,holyhead1 a company 0 at l5g? =m$4 ,^? g5tlem5 contract$ = ! works at a c]ta9 price1 & agre$ to take a l>ge numb] ( ! %>es z well 9 paym5t4 ,! works comm5c$ "u my direction1 9 ! mon? ( ,may #ahfe1 & proce$$ v well until ! end ( ,m>* #ahff1 :5 ! ,messrs4 ,rigby got into difficulties1 & 7 unable to complete _! contract1 & ! consequ5ce 0 t ! :ole ( ! works 7 /opp$4 ,! /ate ( ! money m>ket ev] s9ce has be5 s depress$ t x has hi!rto be5 impossible to f9d ! money to c>ry !m on1 & ?us ?is really valuable conc]n rema9s /ill 9 abeyance4 ,9 #ahff ano!r ,act ( ,p>liam5t 0 procur$1 enabl+ ! ,company to obta9 m l& & to increase ! works1 s t ultimately1 :5 times become fav\rable1 x is v probable t ?is great und]tak+ w be c>ri$ out1 & w =m "o ( ! l>ge/ & mo/ important dock e/abli%m5ts on ! banks ( ! ,?ames4 ,dur+ ! ye> #ahff x 0 attempt$ to obta9 an ,act ( ,p>liam5t = mak+ a railway betwe5 ,rom=d & ! docks4 ,x pass$ ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 b :5 x got into ! ,h\se ( ,lords its support]s drew back & ! ,bill 0 ab&on$4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,retrospect--,london ,bridge--,%e]ness ,docky>d--,plym\? ,breakwat] & ,victuall+ ,y>d--,/eam ,vessels = ! ,navy--,h>b\rs--,railways--,broad & ,n>r[ ,gauge--,atmosph]ic ,railway--,wat] ,supply & ,sewage4 ,i h ?us endeav\r$ to give1 9 ! =ego+ n>rative1 an acc\nt ( my pr(essional & private life z ne> z my memory w\ld s]ve4 ,i h n _h a s+le date1 or note-book1 or j\rnal to ref] to2 s t _m inaccuracies may h occurr$1 p>ticul>ly ) reg>d to ! dates1 al?\gh ! facts & circum/ances are1 ,i believe1 pretty fairly n>rat$4 ,9 my pr(essional c>e] ,i consid] t ,i h execut$ ! foll[+ works3 ,i4 ,london ,bridge4 ,?is 0 design$ by my fa!r1 z f> z ! g5]al outl9e & proportions1 b he did n live long en\gh to design any details1 su* z ! dep? ( ! ar*-/ones & ^? ( ! inv]t$ ar*es betwe5 ! ma9 ar*es1 or ! adju/m5t ( !m1 s t ! :ole might be plac$ 9 a p]fect /ate ( equilibrium1 n only z reg>ds ! individual ar*es1 b also ) ea* o!r2 nei!r 0 ! wid? ( ! f\ndations ( ! pi]s & abutm5ts giv51 nor ! ext5t ( pil+ necess>y1 ! cornice & p>apets1 /airs1 pila/]s ( ! pi]s & abutm5ts1 ! con/ruction ( ! c(f]dams & c5tres2 ! specification z to :at mat]ials %\ld be us$1 & h[ !y 7 to be put toge!r2 ! approa*es to ! bridge on bo? sides1 or h[ !y 7 to be design$ & put toge!r2 all ^! _h to be work$ out & execut$ by myself4 ,x is true t my bro!r ,george gave me 8 advice :5 ,i requir$ x1 b /ill ,i 0 ! sole eng9e]1 & ! :ole responsibility re/$ ) myself4 ,! execution ( ^! works 0 r5d]$ mu* m difficult ?an int5d$ by my fa!r1 = at 8 dea? ! site 0 t ( ! old bridge4 ,b ! ,committee ( ! ,corporation ( ,london insi/$ t ! new bridge %\ld be built imm$iately above ! old "o1 ! latt] to be left /&+ dur+ ! con/ruction ( ! new bridge4 ,i 0 !re=e oblig$ to build x 9 ! deep hole above ! old bridge1 :i* 0 f #be to #cj feet bel[ ! level ( l[-wat] m>k ( spr+ tides4 ,,ii4 ,! completion ( ! great works ( ,%e]ness ,docky>d4 ,^!1 z ,i h said1 _h be5 :olly design$ by my fa!r ^u an entirely orig9al & novel plan ( holl[ walls1 :i* he fir/ c>ri$ into effect at ,great ,grimsby ,docks1 9 ! ye> #aghf4 ,^! walls1 ?\gh compos$ ( a mass ( mat]ials ( ! same weight z ord9>y dock walls1 7 di/ribut$ ov] a wid] area1 & press$ less heavily ^u t surface 9 proportion to _! ext5t1 & !re=e ! s(t1 s&y f\ndation ^u :i* !y 7 built 0 able to be> !m )\t yield+2 ! increas$ friction also produc$ by ! increas$ surface ( _! base enabl$ !m to )/& ) great] effect ! lat]al pressure ( ! e>? beh9d !m2 ?us a d\ble object 0 ga9$1 namely1 security aga9/ bo? v]tical & lat]al pressure4 ,:5 my fa!r di$1 on ! #d? ( ,octob] #ahba1 ! nor!rn half ( ! new docky>d1 includ+ ! sea wall1 ! great bas91 ! ?ree l>ge dry docks at ! we/ end1 & ! ma/ ponds & locks1 _h be5 ne>ly complet$2 s t x only rema9$ to fix iron gates = ! dry docks & ^? ( ! ma/ & boat ponds1 :i* _h be5 already design$ & ord]$1 & 7 put into _! places "u my direction4 ,?is portion ( ! docky>d1 al?\gh compris+ ! mo/ ext5sive & co/ly "p1 0 n ! mo/ difficult4 ,! mo/ ardu\s task /ill rema9$1 namely1 ! con/ruction ( ! nor!rn portion4 ,"h 0 ! greate/ dep? ( wat]1 v>y+ f #be to #cj feet at l[ wat] ( spr+ tides1 ! wor/ f\ndation1 & ! situation 0 mu* expos$ to nor!rly & ea/]ly w9ds4 ,^! ob/acles 7 felt s /rongly by my fa!r1 t he orig9ally contemplat$ c>ry+ out ! works by means ( ! div+ bell2 b z s mu* exp]i5ce _h already be5 obta9$ by ! employm5t ( c(f]dams 9 simil> con/ructions1 :]e !y _h be5 v successful1 x became a "q = my s]i\s consid]ation :e!r x w\ld n be bett] to use c(f]dams = ! nor!rn portion ( ! docky>d1 in/ead ( employ+ ! div+ bell1 :i* w\ld necess>ily require mu* m "t4 ,aft] consult+ ) ! ent]pris+ contractors1 ,messrs4 ,jolliffe1 ,banks1 & ,ni*olson1 :o _h complet$ ! works already made1 & ,mr4 ,john ,?omas1 ! exp]i5c$ resid5t eng9e]1 we came to ! unanim\s conclusion t x 0 p]fectly practicable to con/ruct ! rema9d] ( ! works by means ( c(f]dams2 & al?\gh x w\ld be r m exp5sive1 nev]!less !y c\ld be done mu* bett] & f> m spe$ily ?an by ! div+ bell2 &1 inde$1 !y told me t my fa!r _h express$ ! same op9ion be=e he di$2 & t !re 0 little d\bt b t if he _h liv$ he w\ld h recomm5d$ c(f]dams in/ead ( ! div+ bell4 ,i consult$ my bro!r ,george ^u ! subject1 & he 0 ( ! same op9ion4 ,we resolv$ to recomm5d t ! rema9d] ( ! works %\ld be complet$ by c(f]dams1 & ! ,admiralty approv$ ( our recomm5dation4 ,messrs4 ,jolliffe1 ,banks1 & ,ni*olson !re=e und]took ! contract = ^! works at ! sum ( #hde1jjjl41 & gave ample security2 & !y 7 mo/ successfully f9i%$ = ! sum ( #hed1jjjl4 9 r\nd numb]s1 or at ab\t #ijjjl4 beyond ! contract price1 our e/imate be+ ne>ly #ijj1jjjl42 s t !y 7 actually complet$ = ab\t #de1jjjl4 bel[ our e/imate1 & fully ?ree ye>s soon] ?an !y w\ld h be5 if ! div+ bell _h be5 us$4 ,( c\rse ! real m]it ( ^! works is due to my fa!r2 b ,i claim "s cr$it = hav+ successfully c>ri$ !m into effect1 = if any failure _h tak5 place--& !re 0 v great difficulty & risk--,i %\ld h be5 blam$ = x1 & probably be5 ru9$ at ! outset ( my c>e]1 z ! :ole responsibility re/$ ) me2 my bro!r nev] w5t ne> !m4 ,,iii4 ,i f9i%$ ! ,*a?am dry docks1 comm5c$ by my fa!r1 at ! co/ ( #ajj1jjjl4 ,9 ^! !re 0 no?+ rem>kable2 aft] ^? ( ,%e]ness !y 7 mu* less difficult1 al?\gh ( a some:at simil> k9d4 ,,iv4 ,! next great "w 0 ! f9i%+ ( ! great breakwat] 9 ,plym\? ,s\nd4 ,! *ief m]it ,i claim = ?is is 9 add+ ! b5*+ or b]m on ! outside1 at ! base ( ! sea slope1 :i* breaks ! sea be=e x rea*es ! slope & prev5ts x f act+ injuri\sly ^u x4 ,i also claim a c]ta9 portion ( ! cr$it = arrang+ & execut+ ! pav+ ( ! upp] surface1 & ! dovetail$ masonry ( ! two ends ( ! breakwat]4 ,v4 ,! design & execution ( ! ,royal ,william ,victuall+ ,e/abli%m5t1 at ,/oneh\se1 ne> ,devonport1 ,i claim entirely z my own1 ) ! exception ( ! ma*9]y1 = :i* my bro!r ,george is entitl$ to an equal %>e ( cr$it ) myself4 ,?is e/abli%m5t1 includ+ ! co/ ( ! l&1 am\nt$1 ,i believe1 to betwe5 #fjj1jjjl4 & #gjj1jjjl4 ,,vi4 ,! great bas91 two build+ slips = fir/-rates1 ma/ slip1 & ! riv] wall 9 front1 at ! ,royal ,docky>d at ,woolwi*1 co/+ #cdj1jjjl4 ,,vii4 ,9 company ) ,mr4 ,joseph ,:idby1 ,mr4 ,walk]1 & ,capta9 ,full]ton1 ( ! ,tr9ity ,h\se1 ,i made a report = remov+ ! b>1 by means ( dr$g+1 at ! entrance ( ,portsm\? h>b\r1 ^u :i* !re 0 only #ac feet at l[ wat] ( spr+ tides1 :i* we e/imat$ at #ee1jjjl42 & x is s+ul> t ?is important "w 0 nev] c>ri$ into effect until _m ye>s aft]w>ds1 :5 x prov$ to be completely successful z f> z x w5t4 ,! b> 0 l[]$ #e or #f feet1 & x might be l[]$ #h or #aj feet m1 s z to enable ! l>ge/ class ( vessels to ent] & dep>t at l[ wat] ( spr+ tides1 :i* w\ld be ( ! greate/ possible advantage to ! public s]vice2 & al?\gh ! ,admiralty h n c>ri$ ! dr$g+ f> en\gh1 /ill !re is n[ #ah feet at l[ wat] ( spr+ tides1 :i* enables ! l>ge/ class ( vessels to pass ! b> at half tide1 in/ead ( only at high wat] z be=e4 ,?is fully proves ! value & correctness ( our jo9t report2 x only n[ requires t our recomm5dation %\ld be c>ri$ fur!r1 & !re c be little d\bt t x w be successful4 ,?is great national h>b\r w be r5d]$ accessible at l[ wat]1 & x ought to be1 p>ticul>ly aft] ! enorm\s sums t h be5 exp5d$ ^u x1 = unless ! dep? ov] ! b> is increas$ all improvem5ts w be comp>atively valueless4 ,mr4 ,murray & myself wrote a jo9t report to ! ,admiralty1 recomm5d+ t1 9 ord] to assi/ ! dr$g+ op]ations ov] ! b>1 a sluice %\ld be erect$ across ! entrance to ,lang/on h>b\r1 ) ! gates or doors ( ! sluice po9t+ inw>ds1 s t at high wat] !y might be %ut1 & all ! wat]1 or s mu* ( x z might be requir$1 %\ld be s5t ?r\gh ,portsm\? h>b\r at ebb tide1 to assi/ 9 sc\r+ d[n ! b>4 ,( c\rse1 9 ord] to r5d] ^! works effective1 x w\ld be necess>y to enl>ge ! connect+ *annel betwe5 ,portsm\? & ,lang/on h>b\r1 s t all ! ,lang/on tidal wat] %\ld fl[ out ?r\gh ,portsm\? dur+ ! "t ( ebb4 ,! ,admiralty up to ! pres5t "t h n adopt$ ?is report4 ,!y mu/1 h[ev]1 9 ord] to pres]ve ! requisite dep? ov] ,portsm\? b>1 d ei!r ! "o or ! o!r1 or bo?2 t is to say1 !y mu/ increase ! dr$g+ op]ations1 or s5d m tidal wat] ov] x1 & ! latt] c only be obta9$ f ,lang/on2 z ?is h>b\r is ( little comm]cial value1 suppos+ t any p>tial silt+ up %\ld take place1 ! dep? c\ld be re/or$ by dr$g+2 b if bo? ! dr$g+ ( ,portsm\? b> & ! additional quantity ( tidal wat] f ,lang/on h>b\r %\ld be resort$ to1 ! b> might be kept d[n to ! dep? requir$1 & ,lang/on w\ld n be injur$4 ,if ^! two op]ations are skilfully conduct$1 s z mutually to assi/ ea* o!r1 ! result w be successful1 & ?is success is ! m necess>y1 9 consequ5ce ( ! quantity ( l& :i* is n[ be+ reclaim$ f ,portsm\? h>b\r = ! new works4 ,,viii4 ,! great fl\r mills & biscuit ma*9]y at ! ,cl>5ce ,victuall+ ,y>d1 ,portsm\?1 7 design$ & execut$ by my bro!r ,george & myself4 ,! idea ( ! bread app>atus 0 propos$ by ,m4 ,gr\t1 & work$ out by ourselves4 ,! great fl\r & biscuit mills at ,dept=d 7 also design$ & execut$ by my bro!r & myself4 ,,ix4 ,! ,?ames ,tunnel %ield2 ! roll+ ma*9]y ( ! ,bombay1 ! ,calcutta1 & ! ,mexican m9ts2 ! ma*9]y at ,con/ant9ople = manufactur+ small arms2 num]\s locomotive eng9es & t5d]s = diff]5t railways1 among/ !m ! #8,satellite1' = ! ,brighton ,railway1 :i* 0 "o ( ! fir/ t travell$ at ! rate ( #fj miles an h\r4 ,! eng9es & ma*9]y = sev]al ( ,h] ,maje/y's vessels ( w>1 among/ :i* may be m5tion$ ! #8,bull ,dog1' ! ya*t #8,elf91' & o!rs2 f\r iron vessels1 eng9es1 & ma*9]y = ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t = ! ,caspian ,sea1 ! fir/ t 7 ev] plac$ !re2 two ya*ts = ! ,emp]or ,ni*olas2 ! #8,vladimir' frigate2 two l>ge screw vessels ( w> = ! ,baltic2 ?ree also = ! ,black ,sea2 sev]al = ! ,danube ,company2 cranes1 sug> mills1 div+ bells1 & ma*9]y2 gantry cranes = ! mahogany ro(s ( ! ,we/ ,india ,docks2 sp9n+ & all k9ds ( ma*9]y1 f ! ye> #ahba until ! ye> #aheb4 ,x4 ,! fir/ sea-go+ screw vessel t 0 con/ruct$1 namely1 ! #8,ar*im$es2' & also ! #8,dw>f1' #ahci1 ! fir/ screw vessel ( w> t 0 introduc$ into ! navy4 ,,xi4 ,i recomm5d$ t ! use ( ! ,corni% high-pressure cond5s+ sy/em %\ld be introduc$ into ! /eam-vessels ( ! ,royal ,navy4 ,at t "t !y 7 entirely ^u ! sy/em ( ,b\lton & ,watt1 :5 /eam 0 only employ$ to ! ext5t ( #e lb4 pressure ^u e squ>e in*4 ,n[ x 0 well kn[n t ! int5sity ( ! p[] ( /eam increas$ 9 a mu* great] ratio ?an ! additional quantity ( fuel requir$ to raise ! temp]ature1 s t high-pressure cond5s$ /eam 0 mu* m economical ?an l[ pressure4 ,!re 0 a good deal ( prejudice aga9/ x1 9 consequ5ce ( ! decid$ objections ( ,b\lton & ,watt1 & !re=e x 0 n adopt$ at ! "t1 b by degrees ?is prejudice has be5 ov]come1 & n[ /eam ( #be to #cj lb4 is employ$ 9 ! ,royal ,navy1 ) great advantage & economy4 ,,xii4 ,i may also say t ,i 0 ! means ( introduc+ oscillat+ eng9es into ! navy4 ,^! ,i believe 7 inv5t$ by a ,mr4 ,witt1 ( ,hull1 b 9 consequ5ce ( ! extreme accuracy requir$ 9 mak+ !m1 & "s degree ( prejudice aga9/ ! vibratory action ( ! cyl9d]1 ?is v valuable inv5tion 0 laid aside4 ,! able & +5i\s ,mr4 ,maudslay took x up1 b 0 dissatisfi$ ) x1 & ab&on$ x4 ,mr4 ,john ,p5n1 :o _h a small e/abli%m5t = mak+ ma*9]y at ,gre5wi*1 !n adopt$ x1 & comm5c$ manufactur+ ^! eng9es ^u a small scale = ! /eamboats on ! ,?ames4 ,he improv$ on ! idea1 acquir+ ! greate/ exp]i5ce 9 con/ruct+ ! eng9es1 & he 0 conv9c$ t !y c\ld be made ^u any scale ) equally successful results4 ,x happ5$ ab\t ?is "t t ! ,admiralty requir$ new eng9es ( great] p[] = _! (ficial ya*t1 ! #8,black ,eagle1' ^: spe$ av]ag$ little m ?an #h knots an h\r1 & !y appli$ to ,b\lton & ,watt1 :o _h made ! old eng9es = ! #8,black ,eagle4' ,!y said !y c\ld easily make m p[]ful eng9es1 b t ^! w\ld necess>ily be heavi]1 & s9k ! vessel l[] 9 ! wat]1 :5 ! resi/ance w\ld be s mu* increas$ t v little additional spe$ w\ld be ga9$1 & !re=e x w\ld be bett] to h an entirely new vessel4 ,! ,admiralty did n wi% to incur ! exp5se1 & ! matt] 0 likely to fall to ! gr\nd4 ,p5n he>d ( ?is1 &1 q un9vit$1 s5t 9 a t5d] to make new eng9es = ! #8,black ,eagle1' d\ble ! p[] ( ! old ones1 ( ! same weight1 & occupy+ ! same space1 = a sum1 n1 ,i ?9k1 exce$+ ! co/ ( eng9es ( ! same p[] on ! old me?od4 ,he fur!r (f]$1 if ! ,admiralty (fic]s 7 n satisfi$1 to take !m out1 & replace ! old eng9es at 8 own exp5se4 ,i happ5$ to be pres5t ^u o!r bus9ess ) ! ,comptroll] ( ! ,navy1 ,sir ,?omas ,byam ,m>t91 :5 ,p5n's t5d] 0 s5t 91 & aft] read+ x he ?rew x to me1 & said1 8,r5nie1 :at d y ?9k ( t2 %\ld ,i accept x or n80 ,i read ,p5n's t5d] c>efully1 & kn[+ some?+ ab\t ! oscillat+ eng9e1 & hav+ a good op9ion ( x1 ,i said ,i ?\ght he %\ld accept x4 8,!n10 said he1 8,i w d s1 & if x turns out badly y %all h ! blame40 8,v well10 ,i repli$1 8if x turns out badly ,i w take ! blame40 ,p5n's (f] 0 accord+ly accept$4 ,! eng9es 7 made & fix$ on bo>d2 all ! conditions ( ! t5d] 7 fully compli$ )1 & ! ,admiralty 7 p]fectly satisfi$ ) _! b>ga94 ,f t "t =w>d ,p5n became "o ( ! *ief manufactur]s ( ! ,admiralty eng9es1 & has cont9u$ to be s up to ! pres5t "t4 ,! h>b\rs :i* ,i made are describ$ 9 my "w on #8,briti% & ,=eign ,h>b\rs'2 !y 7 a portion ( ,k+/[n1 9 ,dubl9 ,bay2 ,donaghadee1 ,port ,patrick1 ,port ,ru%1 ,w>kwor?1 ,sund]l&1 ,ea/ ,h>tlepool1 ,:itehav52 ne>ly rebuild+ ,ramsgate h>b\r2 ,ponta ,delgada1 9 ! ,azores4 ,i design$ h>b\rs = ,oporto2 ! ,mattoz5has2 ,viana1 ,aveiro1 ,figu]a1 & ,/4 ,ubes1 = ! ,portuguese ,gov]nm5t2 also = ,d\glas1 ,ca/leton1 ,peel1 ,ramsey1 & ,laxey1 9 ! ,isle ( ,man1 = ! local au?orities2 & ,r$\bt ,kal1 9 ! ,black ,sea1 = ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t4 ,,xiii4 ,london ,bridge2 ,hyde ,p>k1 ,k5s+ton ,g>d5s1 & ,/a9es ,bridges1 besides f9i%+ ^? at ,crammond & ,new ,gall[ay1 design$ by my fa!r4 ,i laid out & c>ri$ ?r\gh ,p>liam5t ! ,brighton ,railway & ! ,black wall ,railway1 9 #ahch2 also ! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool ,railway1 9 conjunction ) my bro!r ,george1 9 #ahbg4 ,9 #ahch ,i design$ ! ,c5tral ,k5t ,railway1 :i*1 by pass+ ?r\gh ! c5tre ( ! c\nty1 connect$ all ! lead+ t[ns on ! ma9 l9e1 besides r$uc+ ! di/ance betwe5 ! metropolis1 ,dov]1 & ,folke/one to ! m9imum4 ,i also project$ a l9e = ! ,great ,nor!rn 9 ! ye>s #ahdd-de1 :i* 0 admitt$ to be ! be/ & %orte/ l9e2 b x un=tunately fail$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! late ,mr4 ,francis ,giles n hav+ complet$ ! p>liam5t>y surveys4 ,i laid d[n a railway betwe5 ,le$s & ,c>lisle1 t w\ld h mat]ially %ort5$ ! di/ance betwe5 ! important manufactur+ t[n ( ,le$s1 ,c>lisle1 ,glasg[1 & ! nor? ( ,scotl&2 a l9e betwe5 ,le$s & ,brad=d1 & ano!r betwe5 ,york & ,sc>bor\gh4 ,ano!r1 call$ ! ,nor? ,wales ,railway1 betwe5 ,bangor & ,port ,dylla51 :]e ,i design$ a capaci\s h>b\r & docks1 t w\ld h be5 ( ! greate/ advantage to ,liv]pool1 avoid+ ! dang]\s navigation betwe5 t place & ,port ,dylla51 & af=d+ an excell5t po9t ( dep>ture = ,irel&4 ,i also made a design = a new port = ,holyhead1 ^u ! pr9ciples laid d[n by my fa!r1 t w\ld h answ]$ ! purpose f> bett]1 & h sav$ 9 a great measure ! exp5se t has be5 incurr$ by ! pres5t ill-contriv$ h>b\r1 & :i* has n answ]$ ! object int5d$4 ,9 company ) my fri5d ,mr4 ,george ,rem+ton1 ,i design$ ! direct ,london & ,man*e/] ,railway 9 ! ye>s #ahdd-de2 ?is l9e w\ld h r$uc$ ! di/ance betwe5 ,london & ,man*e/] to #agf miles1 besides af=d+ railway communication to a numb] ( ! int]m$iate t[ns1 su* z ,brad=d1 ,burton1 ,leice/]1 ,congleton1 & o!r places t _h n hi!rto receiv$ ! b5efit ( direct railway accommodation4 ,?is l9e 0 pron\nc$ by ! ,bo>d ( ,trade to be ! mo/ important & be/ laid d[n l9e t _h be5 br\ght be=e ,p>liam5t1 & 0 /rongly recomm5d$ by !m2 & x w\ld h be5 c>ri$1 b un=tunately !re 0 ano!r compet+ l9e by ,mr4 ,ra/rick1 t 0 ultimately ab&on$ by its promot]s1 :o1 be=e do+ s1 unit$ ) u2 b 9 do+ ?is ! ref]5ce books conta9+ ! names ( ! own]s & occupi]s along bo? l9es became mix$1 & ! result 01 t sev5 miles ( ! ref]5ce ( ! compet+ l9e 0 sub/itut$ = sev5 miles ( our l9e1 & vice v]s4 ,?is 0 fatal1 & ! ,bill 0 consequ5tly lo/2 & ?is valuable l9e1 almo/ ! be/ ( any 9 ,engl&1 c\ld nev] be resuscitat$4 ,! ,nor?-,we/]n ,railway1 ?9k+ t !y 7 safe f all competition1 decl9$ tak+ up ! l9e1 ?\gh _! int]e/ imp]atively call$ ^u !m to d s1 & fur!r1 w\ld n unite ) nor buy up ! ,midl& f ,le$s to ,rugby4 ,! ,midl& ,company !n det]m9$ to make an indep5d5t l9e to ,london1 & took ! id5tical c\rse laid d[n by ,rem+ton & myself4 ,!y h become a v =midable rival to ! ,nor?-,we/]n1 & ?is is precisely a simil> case to t betwe5 ! ,s\?-,ea/]n & ! ,london1 ,*a?am1 & ,dov] ,companies4 ,if ! ,s\?-,ea/]n ,company _h only adopt$ my ,c5tral ,k5t l9e1 :i* 0 laid d[n 9 #ahch1 be=e !y _h comm5c$ _! pres5t l9e--& !y promis$ to d s--! ,london1 ,*a?am1 & ,dov] ,railway w\ld nev] h be5 made1 & ! c\nty ( ,k5t w\ld h be5 bett] s]v$1 _m millions w\ld h be5 sav$1 & _m ?\s& un=tunate %>ehold]s w\ld h avoid$ ru94 ,i laid d[n l9es = ! k+doms ( ,sw$5 & ,portugal1 :i* h be5 m or less adopt$1 & project$ a l9e f ,odessa to ,mosc[4 ,also ! ,london1 ,brighton1 & ,s\? ,coa/ z f> z ,salisbury1 & f !nce to ,w>m9/]1 :i* has s9ce be5 adopt$4 ,a l9e f ,london to ,birm+ham1 ,le$s1 & ,c>lisle2 ,le$s & ,brad=d2 ,dumfries & ,port ,patrick2 ,newry & ,enniskill51 9 ,irel&2 ,bangor to ,port ,dylla51 ,nor? ,wales2 ,cannock ,*ase l9e1 9 ,/af=d%ire1 ?r\gh an undevelop$ coal di/rict1 ano!r ( my l9es :i* has s9ce be5 c>ri$ into effect4 ,! ,ea/ ,l9coln1 f ,lynn to ,great ,grimsby2 ! direct ,london & ,norwi*1 f ,bi%op's ,/ort=d to ,!t=d1 :i* w\ld h %ort5$ ! di/ance betwe5 ,london & ,norwi* & ,y>m\?4 ,all ^! l9es 7 laid ^u ! direct pr9ciple1 t is1 tak+ ! %orte/ di/ance t ! nature ( ! int]v5+ c\ntry w\ld p]mit betwe5 ! two t]m9i2 ?is pr9ciple is n[ prov$ to be ! correct "o1 & if x _h only be5 act$ ^u be=e1 we may readily conceive ! va/ am\nt ( capital :i* w\ld h be5 sav$1 :ile ! c\nties ?r\gh :i* railways h be5 made w\ld h receiv$ a mu* great] b5efit2 :]eas1 by ! sy/em :i* has hi!rto be5 adopt$1 a great numb] ( unnecess>y l9es h be5 con/ruct$1 & a con/ant competition & rivalry h tak5 place betwe5 ! diff]5t companies1 & n[1 ) r$uc$ divid5ds & increas$ *>ges1 !y f9d out _! error1 :5 x is too late to be rem$i$4 ,ano!r mo/ important error has be5 committ$ by a too n>r[ gauge hav+ be5 adopt$4 ,my bro!r & myself1 :5 we c>ri$ ! ,bill = ! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool ?r\gh ,p>liam5t1 9 ! ye> #ahbf--;& ?is may be consid]$ almo/ ! v comm5cem5t ( ! railway sy/em--aft] inve/igat+ ! wid? betwe5 all ! v>i\s c>riage :eels1 :e!r = goods or pass5g]s1 we decid$ t ! wid? ( gauge f c5tre to c5tre ( ! rails %\ld be #e feet #f in*es or #f feet4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,george ,/eph5son became ! eng9e] = execut+ ! l9e1 he decid$ t ! gauge %\ld be only #d feet #h in*es f c5tre to c5tre ( ! railway1 = no o!r reason ?an t ! gauge betwe5 ! old colli]y rails 0 #d feet #h in*es2 h5ce arose all ! subsequ5t difficulties4 ,x 0 q cle> t #d feet #h in*es 0 too n>r[4 ,brunel1 seiz+ on ?is mi/ake1 propos$ at once to make ! gauge #g feet f c5tre to c5tre ( ! rails = ! ,great ,we/]n ,railway4 ,?is 0 z evid5tly too mu* z ,/eph5son's 0 too little4 ,! p[] ( a locomotive eng9e is 9 proportion to its weight1 & ! great] ! weight ! great] ! p[]1 act+ z x does by its adhesion to ! rails2 & to increase ! p[] ( an eng9e ^u ! n>r[ gauge c\ld only be done ) safety by increas+ its l5g?2 = if x be done by increas+ ! height1 ! c5tre ( gravity w\ld be rais$ also1 & ! motion ( ! eng9e w\ld be r5d]$ un/eady2 & by increas+ ! l5g? ! eng9e w\ld be less adapt$ = go+ r\nd %>p curves4 ,n[ 9 ! ord9>y traffic ( goods1 su* z coals1 c41 extraord9>y velocity 0 n requir$1 & !re=e ! wid? ( ! gauge 0 n ( s mu* consequ5ce1 b :5 x came to c>ry+ pass5g]s ! case 0 :olly alt]$4 ,latt]ly ! coa*es & mails _h travell$ at ! rate ( #aj & #ab miles an h\r1 :]eas goods 7 seldom c>ri$ at ! rate ( m ?an #c miles an h\r4 ,if pass5g]s 7 to travel by railway x w\ld n be less ?an #ab miles an h\r1 & !re=e x 0 at l5g? necess>y to provide = ?is velocity1 & m2 o!rwise1 z !re 0 a c]ta9 prejudice on ! outset aga9/ railway travell+1 ! latt] c\ld n expect to h ! pref]5ce4 ,b :5 x 0 asc]ta9$1 z x 0 at ! trial ( eng9es ^u ! ,ra9hill plane ( ! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool ,railway1 t ! imp]fect locomotives ( t day c\ld g at ! rate ( #cj miles an h\r1 ! :ole case 0 *ang$2 ! c>riage ( goods1 :i* at fir/ 0 mo/ important1 gave way to t ( c>ry+ pass5g]s1 & x 0 evid5t t ! :ole sy/em ( locomotion1 :e!r ( goods or pass5g]s1 mu/ be absorb$ by railways4 ,x 0 !re=e m especially necess>y t ! "q ( ! gauge %\ld be mo/ c>efully consid]$4 ,i may be answ]$1 c]ta9ly1 t ! improv$ locomotive eng9es ^u ! n>r[ gauge realize a spe$ ( #ej to #fj miles an h\r1 & ?is is fa/ en\gh = any?+2 b !n ?is _c be done )\t incurr+ great] risk ?an ^u a broad] gauge4 ,! ,great ,we/]n realize a spe$ ( #de miles an h\r )\t ! lea/ risk1 i4e4 includ+ /oppages1 :]eas ! n>r[ gauge does n d m ?an #ce to #cg miles an h\r1 & t probably ) a great] we> & te> ( ! rails4 ,a m$ium !re=e betwe5 ! two gauges1 t is #e feet #f in*es or #f feet1 in/ead ( #d feet #h in*es or #g feet1 appe>$ to my bro!r & self ! prop] gauge2 & if su* _h be5 adopt$ we %\ld nev] h he>d ( ! #g-;feet gauge1 & ! #e feet #f in*es or #f-;feet gauge w\ld h be5 univ]sally adopt$1 to ! great advantage ( all4 ,be=e leav+ railways1 x may be prop] to say some?+ ab\t ! atmosph]ic sy/em4 ,:5 an exp]im5t 0 made on a l>ge scale & succe$$ v well1 x 0 subsequ5tly r$uc$ to practice ^u ! ,dubl9 & ,bray ,railway1 betwe5 ,k+/[n & ,dalkey1 a l5g? ( ab\t #c miles4 ,"h x succe$$ p]fectly2 ! /eepe/ incl9e 0 completely ma/]$1 & ! smoo?ness & luxury ( travell+ 7 unequall$4 ,brunel aft]w>ds took x up1 & employ$ x ^u ! ,s\? ,devon ,railway4 ,!re x succe$$ also p]fectly z f> z spe$ & luxury ( travell+ 7 conc]n$4 ,! difficulty h[ev] ( mak+ ! valve 9 ! exhau/+ tube 0 s great t x 0 ultimately ab&on$1 aft] hav+ incurr$ great exp5se1 & ! locomotive sy/em 0 aga9 resort$ to4 ,! ,croydon ,railway also adopt$ x1 b gave x up = ! same reason z ! ,s\? ,devon4 ,my bro!r & myself 7 mu* tak5 ) ?is sy/em1 & made sev]al ( ! /eam eng9es = x1 t answ]$ _! purpose p]fectly1 & we ?\ght t by a little m p]sev]ance 9 x1 ! difficulties compla9$ ( might h be5 ov]come1 b ! proprietors w\ld n li/5 ei!r to ,brunel or ourselves4 ,! ,/eph5sons made a dead set aga9/ x1 &1 tak+ ! facts at ! "t1 p]haps !y 7 "r2 b x is v r>ely t a new inv5tion succe$s at ! fir/ or second trial3 x requires "t to asc]ta9 ! defects1 & to /udy m m9utely ! rem$y1 &1 aft] a little :ile1 ! cure = ! evil is f\nd out4 ,i %\ld n be surpris$ if ultimately ! atmosph]ic sy/em comes to life aga93 inde$1 ! v /ronge/ oppon5ts ( x h already adopt$ x 9 ,london1 ) c]ta9 modifications1 = convey+ ! mail bags 9 ,london f ! ,g5]al ,po/ ,(fice to "s ( ! railway /ations1 ) consid]able success1 & ,mr4 ,rammell made an exp]im5tal l9e ( ?is k9d at ! ,cry/al ,palace4 ,! defects 9 ! orig9al l9es 7 pr9cipally ^? ( workman%ip1 & c be rem$i$ by degrees1 z is always ! case :5ev] a pr9ciple is s\nd1 = x only requires p]sev]ance to a*ieve ultimate success4 ,,xiv4 ,dra9age ( l[l&s ^u a l>ge scale ,i h c>ri$ into effect 9 sev]al in/ances already describ$4 ,! completion ( ! ,eau ,br9k ,cut1 ! design+ & mak+ ! ,norfolk ,e/u>y ,cut bel[ ,lynn1 & ! ,m>%l& works1 by means ( :i* f #cej1jjj to #djj1jjj acres ( l& are dra9$2 ! ,n5e ,e/u>y ,cut1 by :i* ab\t #aej1jjj acres ( l& are dra9$2 ! improvem5t ( ! ,)am betwe5 ,bo/on & ! sea1 by :i* ! dra9age ( ab\t #bej1jjj acres has be5 mat]ially improv$2 ! ,an*olme dra9age1 by :i* #ej1jjj acres ( l[l&s h be5 well dra9$2 altoge!r am\nt+ to betwe5 #hjj1jjj & #ijj1jjj acres4 ,,xv4 ,i may also say t ,i h embank$ f ! e/u>ies ( ! ,ouse1 ! ,n5e1 & ! ,)am1 ab\t #fjjj acres ( f5 l&1 :i* is n[ m or less "u cultivation4 ,i h also laid d[n a plan1 at pres5t be+ c>ri$ into effect1 by :i* #cb1jjj additional acres w be embank$ f ! e/u>ies ( ! ,ouse & ,n5e2 & ano!r plan = embank+ #de1jjj acres f ! e/u>ies ( ! ,well& & ,)am2 inde$1 my orig9al plan ( #ahcg 0 = embank+ f #aej1jjj to #bjj1jjj acres ( l& f ! e/u>ies ( ! ,ouse1 ,n5e1 ,well&1 & ,)am1 & ! ,great ,wa%2 & ,i h no d\bt t 9 "t ?is w be effect$1 & ano!r l>ge & mo/ valuable c\nty--all ri* agricultural l&--w be add$ to ! k+dom4 ,i also obta9$ an ,act = embank+ #cb1jjj acres f ! nor? side ( ! e/u>y ( ! ,?ames1 ne> ,%oeburyness4 ,i believe t1 9 addition to ?is1 ?ree times ! am\nt may be tak5 f ?is & o!r p>ts ( ! ,?ames e/u>y4 ,let to ^! be add$ ! l&s :i* may be sav$ f ! e/u>ies ( ! ,humb]1 ! ,=?1 ! ,tay1 ! ,clyde1 ! ,solway1 ,morecambe ,bay1 & ! ,m]sey1 altoge!r f #ejj1jjj to #fjj1jjj acres ( l& may be reclaim$1 or ?ree l>ge new c\nties may be add$ to ! k+dom1 capable ( produc+ annually an additional supply ( #c1ejj1jjj qu>t]s ( corn1 :i*1 at #cl4 p] qu>t]1 w\ld1 aft] d$uct+ #bjs4 p] qu>t] = ! co/ ( production1 add a rev5ue ( ab\t #f1jjj1jjjl4 a ye> to ! c\ntry4 ,a great deal may be done 9 ?is way also 9 ,irel&4 ,we %\ld1 h[ev]1 d$uct a million a ye> = ! fir/ fifte5 ye>s to cov] ! co/ ( embankm5t4 ,! cle> annual ga9 w\ld be #e1jjj1jjjl4 a ye> to ! c\ntry2 or1 putt+ x 9 ano!r light1 ! l& s acquir$ w\ld ma9ta9 an additional numb] ( inhabitants4 ,besides ?is1 l>ge tracts ( l[l&s adjac5t to ^! e/u>ies might be greatly improv$ 9 _! dra9age1 9 connection ) ! reclamation works1 :i* w\ld add consid]ably to _! produce4 ,! execution ( all ^! works1 besides dra9+ ! quantity ( l& ,i h /at$1 & m ?an d\bl+ its value1 has also v greatly improv$ ! navigation4 ,i also ext5d$ ! ,newry ,%ip ,canal ne>ly two miles1 :i* has a dep? ( #af to #ah feet1 & is #acj feet wide1 ) an entrance lock #ej feet wide4 ,i deep5$ ! old canal to ,newry1 s t l>ge vessels1 draw+ ne>ly #af to #ag feet1 c come up to ! t[n4 ,,xvi4 ,soon aft] my fa!r's dea?1 9 #ahba1 :5 ,i may be said to h ent]$ my pr(essional c>e] ^u my own acc\nt1 ,i began to consid] ! wat] "q2 t is to say1 ! be/ mode ( economiz+ wat]1 s t ^? di/ricts :]e x might be mo/ requir$ c\ld be suppli$1 z f> z ! physical geography ( ^? places w\ld r5d] x practicable4 ,g5]ally speak+1 !re falls a c]ta9 quantity ( ra9 9 e di/rict dur+ ! ye>1 & ?is1 ) m or less regul>ity1 at p>ticul> seasons & times4 ,9 "s places ! ra9 is p]iodical1 & falls 9 ! c\rse ( ?ree or f\r consecutive mon?s2 9 o!r c\ntries x falls at diff]5t times1 pr9cipally1 h[ev]1 9 ! w9t] & autumn mon?s4 ,n[ aft] ! p]iodical ra9 is ov]1 ! :ole c\ntry is depriv$ ( wat] ?r\gh\t ! rema9d]1 or ab\t ?ree-f\r?s1 ( ! ye>4 ,! rem$y = ?is is to con/ruct res]voirs 9 ! mo/ conv5i5t places1 ^u su* a scale z ! wants ( ! c\ntry may require2 9 ^! res]voirs ! surplus wat]s %\ld be /or$ dur+ ! p]iodical ra9s1 to s]ve z a supply 9 ! dry season1 n only = dome/ic purposes1 b = irrigation1 navigation1 c42 ! res]voirs %\ld1 9 "s cases1 be cov]$1 & 9 o!rs op51 ev5 to ! ext5t ( mak+ !m l>ge lakes4 ,!y %\ld be provid$ ) prop] sluices & culv]ts1 op5 or cov]$1 z may be requir$1 & be/ adapt$ = di/ribut+ ! wat] 9 ! mo/ b5eficial mann]4 ,hav+ obta9$ a suffici5t supply1 ! next po9t to be att5d$ to is1 to take c>e t ! wat] %all n be pollut$3 9 ord] to effect ?is1 9 all ?ickly-peopl$ di/ricts ! sewage %\ld n be dis*>g$ into ! riv] or wat]c\rses1 b into sep>ate1 isolat$1 & well-v5tilat$ tanks1 & !n be deodoriz$ by mix+ x ) e>?1 or subject+ x to any well-kn[n process = ?is purpose1 & ! refuse %\ld be di/ribut$ = manure2 ?us ! sewage1 in/ead ( be+ a nuisance1 w become valuable = agricultural purposes4 ,by ^! means1 regulat$ accord+ to ! p>ticul> circum/ances ( ea* case1 ! :ole "q1 viz4 economy ( wat]1 :i* is s v important 9 e respect1 is solv$4 ,i h long endeav\r$ to make x cle>ly und]/ood1 b 9 ,engl& we are sl[ to move 9 a new direction4 ,! enemy mu/ be at our doors be=e we are prep>$ to meet him1 & !n we beg9 9 e>ne/4 ,su* has be5 ! case ) ! wat] "q3 we c>ri$ dra9age almo/ to ! utmo/ ext5t1 s t ! ra9wat] 0 dis*>g$ into ! adjac5t wat]c\rses & riv]s ) ! greate/ rapidity & 0 c>ri$ (f to sea1 & we ?\ght n a mom5t t ! day w\ld come :5 we %\ld want x4 ,! univ]sal cry 01 8,only get rid ( ! wat]1 & all w g on well40 ,at ! same "t all ! sewage matt] 0 dis*>g$ into ! wat]c\rses1 ! cry be+1 8,only get rid ( ! sewage1 & our cities & t[ns w be heal?y1 & we %all he> no m ( x20 little ?9k+ t ! /reams w\ld be pollut$1 & t wat] :5 mo/ want$ w\ld n be =?com+1 & t ev5 ! mod]ate quantity t c\ld be obta9$ w\ld be unfit = dome/ic purposes4 ,! ,?ames & all ! great riv]s & /reams 7 conv]t$ into common sew]s1 ?reat5+ to spread pe/il5ce ar\nd !m4 ,! wat] t 0 to be obta9$ = dome/ic purposes 0 pollut$ to su* an ext5t1 t ! mal>ia caus$ by ! f\l /ate ( ! wat]c\rses 0 increas$ by dr9k+ ! contam9at$ wat] t we fondly expect$ we _h got rid (4 ,at la/ ! public op5$ _! eyes1 & ask$ h[ all ?is _h aris52 !n commission]s ( all k9ds 7 appo9t$ by ! ,gov]nm5t to inve/igate ^! important que/ions2 & :at is ! result8 ,precisely t :i* ,i m5tion$ ye>s ago1 namely1 #a4 ,t means mu/ be e/abli%$ = economiz+ wat] & = af=d+ an ample supply at all times4 #b4 ,t all sewage matt] mu/ be div]t$ or be prev5t$ f be+ dis*>g$ into ! wat]c\rses4 #c4 ,t z f> z practicable ! sewage matt] mu/ be utiliz$ = manur+ ! l&4 ,all ^! ?ree propositions1 :i* con/itute ! :ole elem5ts ( ^! important que/ions1 are n[ be+ c>ri$ into effect by ,acts ( ,p>liam5t2 bett] late ?an nev]1 = if ^! t]rible evils _h be5 all[$ to exi/ mu* long] ! consequ5ces w\ld h be5 mo/ fatal4 ,ab\t f\r ye>s ago ,i wrote two lett]s to #8,! ,times1' :i* 7 pr9t$ 9 t j\rnal1 embody+ my views ^u ?is subject 9 a detail$ mann]1 accord+ to ! pr9ciples above describ$4 ,i am extremely glad t at ! elev5? h\r ! subject is beg9n+ to be ?or\ghly und]/ood1 & x is to be hop$ t n[ ! prop] rem$y w be employ$2 x is conta9$ 9 ! pr9ciples t ,i h recomm5d$ = ! la/ =ty ye>s4 ,i may n p]haps claim ! m]it ( ! :ole2 b ?is ,i mu/ say 9 ju/ice to myself1 t ,i h contribut$ 9 "s degree to direct att5tion to ! subject1 & ,i mo/ s9c]ely tru/ t1 hav+ be5 made consci\s ( its importance1 ! public w n be cont5t until ! "q has be5 ?or\ghly sift$1 & ! evils compla9$ ( successfully rem$i$4 ,up to ! pres5t "t nei!r comp5sat+ res]voirs = ! due supply ( wat] dur+ ! dry seasons h be5 made1 nor1 ) a few solit>y exceptions1 has ! sewage be5 exclud$ f ! riv]s1 nor h ! wat]c\rses be5 prop]ly improv$ s z to prev5t inundations ( ! adjac5t l[l&s4 ,9 fact1 ! au?orities h only j begun to get an idea ( :at is requir$ to obta9 an ample supply ( good wat]2 b ! m !y inve/igate ! subject1 ! m !y w f9d t only ^u a "r und]/&+ ( ! pr9ciples above recomm5d$ c ?is supply be procur$4 ,sewage matt] has n[ be5 recogniz$ z a f]tiliz+ ag5t1 & ! only po9ts undecid$ ) reg>d to x are ! be/ modes ( deodorization1 s z n to injure its manur+ value1 & ! mo/ suitable me?od ( apply+ x to ! l&1 :e!r 9 a liquid or 9 a solid /ate4 ,) reg>d to wat] = dome/ic use1 consid]able progress has be5 made3 ! wat] is conduct$ into cov]$ res]voirs1 :]e x is exclud$ f ! action ( ! atmosph]e2 x is also filt]$1 s t all ! alluvial & tangible vegetable matt]s are exclud$2 & ! be/ me?od ( sep>at+ f x ^? injuri\s +r$i5ts ) :i* x is *emically comb9$ has made great progress4 ,^!1 no d\bt1 are consid]able advantages ga9$1 b unless ! means ( obta9+ an ample supply be us$1 ! o!r advantages w be comp>atively ( little s]vice4 ,x is true !y w be valuable z f> z !y g1 b if !re be a defici5t supply ( wat]1 !re w rema9 a great deal to be rem$i$1 !re=e x w be necess>y to secure an ample supply by means ( op5 res]voirs4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,! ,=mation ( ,natural ,breakwat]s--,! ,society ( ,civil ,eng9e]s--,! ,education ( a ,civil ,eng9e]--,"s ,h9ts on ,practice--,e/imat+4 ,9 ! introduction to my "w on #8,briti% & ,=eign ,h>b\rs1' ,i h sugge/$ a me?od by :i* %oals =m$ by alluvial deposits 9 ! op5 sea might be conv]t$ into effective breakwat]s1 s z to become h>b\rs ( refuge2 or ! means ( remov+ !m altoge!r4 ,x is well kn[n t _m exi/+ %oals =m1 to "s ext5t1 safe road/eads at c]ta9 times ( tide1 e4g4 ! ,goodw9 ,s&s1 ! banks outside ,y>m\? ,roads1 ! banks (f ! coa/ ( ,holl&1 & _m o!r places4 ,^! are g5]ally =m$ (f alluvial %ores1 :]e ! meet+ ( oppos+ curr5ts causes an eddy or l9e ( /agnation1 & ! alluvial matt] held 9 susp5sion is deposit$1 =m+ a bank1 accord+ to ! ext5t1 wid?1 & direction ( ! eddy4 ,9 "s in/ances1 z 9 ! case ( deltas ( riv]s1 & along coa/s :]e ! wat]s are d5sely *>g$ ) alluvial matt]1 ^! %oals1 by cont9ual deposit1 are rais$ to ! level ( high wat] ( neap tides1 :5 a succession ( m>9e vegetation appe>s on ! surface1 f9ally becom+ a ri* grass m>%2 except "u special circum/ances1 ! l& is seldom rais$ high]1 & :]e !re is no fl[ ( tide ! same result takes place at ! m$ium level ( ! wat]s4 ,9 o!r cases1 z 9 ! op5 sea1 :]e ! wat]s are expos$ to viol5t agitation by ! w9d1 ^! deposits n only r>ely rea* ! level ( high wat]1 b1 except "u p>ticul> circum/ances1 seldom exce$ ! level ( half-tide1 & (t5 ! banks rema9 _m fa?oms bel[ l[ wat]1 ?\gh ev5 9 _! l[e/ /ate !y are f> above ! bottom ( ! sea4 ,z all ^! banks are compos$ ( alluvial matt]1 we c only ascribe ! diff]5t levels1 fir/1 to ! v>iable quantity ( alluvium ) :i* ! wat]s are *>g$2 secondly1 to ! degree ( agitation to :i* ! wat]s are expos$2 & ?irdly1 to ! velocity & ext5t ( ! oppos+ curr5ts :i* produce ! banks4 ,hav+ ?us /at$ g5]ally ! causes t produce ^! banks1 ,i n[ come to my proposition1 namely1 ! be/ mode ( utiliz+ !m = mak+ h>b\rs ( refuge1 or ! me?od = cle>+ !m away :]e !y may be injuri\s4 ,) reg>d to ! fir/1 x is only necess>y to increase ! p[] ( ! deposit+ eddy by means ( artificial works1 to raise ! banks to any height requir$2 by ?is means !y may be r5d]$ p]man5t breakwat]s at ! lea/ exp5se4 ,secondly1 :]e ^! %oals are injuri\s !y may be remov$ by div]t+ ! c\rse ( "o or bo? curr5ts1 s t ! l9e ( /agnation %all be de/roy$2 ! action ( ! sea w !n gradually remove ! %oal4 ,?us we h ! means 9 our p[] ( conv]t+ ^! s&banks into mo/ valuable h>b\rs ( refuge1 or ( remov+ !m :]e !y are f\nd to be injuri\s4 ,?is ,i d n pret5d to call an inv5tion1 b simply an idea1 & ,i am n aw>e t x has be5 sugge/$ be=e4 ,mod]n eng9e]s h n suffici5tly direct$ _! att5tion to ! con/ruction ( h>b\rs4 ,x is a v simple affair to build pi]s or breakwat]s ( any ext5t1 provid$ ! requisite means are =?com+1 b x is a totally diff]5t ?+ to asc]ta9 :e!r1 aft] ^! works h be5 con/ruct$1 !y w answ] ! purpose orig9ally int5d$4 ,:5 ,presid5t ( ! ,in/itution ( ,civil ,eng9e]s1 dur+ ! ye>s #ahde-f-g1 ,i drew up detail$ reports ( ! hi/ory ( ! pr(ession f its comm5cem5t 9 ,great ,brita9 up to t "t1 %[+ :at _h be5 done 9 e dep>tm5t1 by :om1 & at :at date4 ,^! reports are publi%$ 9 _! #8,transactions4' ,subsequ5t presid5ts h to "s ext5t adopt$ a simil> c\rse2 b ) all due respect to !m1 !y h n tak5 t l>ge & sci5tific view ( ! pr(ession ( a civil eng9e] :i* x is imp]atively necess>y to adopt 9 ord] to keep ! pr(ession up to t high tone :i* its importance requires1 n only = its own cr$it1 b = ! b5efit ( ! _w at l>ge4 ,p]haps !re is no pr(ession 7) all prop] respect to o!rs7 t has conf]r$ s mu* b5efit ^u mank9d z t ( ! civil eng9e]4 ,its objects are cle>ly def9$ 9 ! two mottoes belong+ to ! ,smeatonian ,society ( ,civil ,eng9e]s1 :i* 0 ! fir/ ( ! k9d e/abli%$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 hav+ orig9at$ ) ,smeaton1 ,mylne1 & my fa!r1 namely1 8,omnia num]o pond]e et m5sur20 4 ,up to t date ! pr(ession ( a civil eng9e] may be said to h be5 unkn[n 9 ,great ,brita92 previ\s to t "t we 7 simply kn[n z 8vulg> me*anics0--m5 :o toil$ ) _! h&s1 z masons1 bricklay]s1 c>p5t]s1 blacksmi?s1 c4 ,b ^? :o s call$ u w\ld h ent]ta9$ a v diff]5t idea ( ! 8me*anics0 if !y _h be5 =c$ to disp5se ) _! s]vices4 ,let me ask h[ c\ld ! v>i\s & complicat$ op]ations :i* alone r5d] mod]n trade1 & !re=e mod]n civilization1 possible1 be c>ri$ on )\t ! aid ( ! me*anic1 alias ! civil eng9e]8 ,! object ( ! ,smeatonian ,society 0 m]ely a social ga!r+ 9 ! =m ( a club1 to assemble ! memb]s at d9n] at c]ta9 times1 :5 !y c\ld discuss 9 a fri5dly mann] ! v>i\s subjects connect$ ) _! pr(ession1 & to endeav\r to oblit]ate all ^? rivalries & jeal\sies :i* un=tunately are too common among/ pr(essional m5 ( all classes4 ,! society 0 to s]ve z a rally+ po9t = ! pr(ession1 & x 0 believ$ t :5 _! memb]s increas$ suffici5tly 7= !re 0 little m ?an a doz5 eng9e]s 9 ! k+dom at ! "t :o 7 c\nt$ z su*7 ! society might ext5d its usefulness by read+ pap]s1 discuss+ !m1 & publi%+ !m regul>ly to ! _w1 9 ! same mann] z ! already e/abli%$ sci5tific societies2 ?is has s9ce be5 done by ! ,in/itution ( ,civil ,eng9e]s4 ,b ,i ?9k ! "t has n[ arriv$ :5 t ,in/itution %\ld be enl>g$1 & take a wid] sph]e4 ,x has hi!rto be5 conf9$ too mu* to ! class practis+ purely eng9e]+ works2 b ! me*anical eng9e]s n[ =m a body :i* mu/ be treat$ ) e def]5ce4 ,x is v true t ! latt] are freely admitt$ into ! in/itution1 b !re seems to be a tacit und]/&+ among/ ! =m] t !y %\ld n atta9 ! hon\r ( becom+ presid5ts & vice-presid5ts4 ,x is true t ! late ,mr4 ,field1 a mo/ di/+ui%$ me*anical eng9e]1 0 elect$ presid5t1 & s]v$ 8 "t2 b ?is1 ,i believe1 arose m f 8 hav+ be5 "o ( ! e>lie/ memb]s ( ! in/itution ?an f any respect due to ! p>ticul> class ( ! pr(ession to :i* he belong$4 ,n[ !re _c be a great] mi/ake ?an ?is4 ,e memb] ( t in/itution1 to :atev] class he belongs1 f ! mom5t he is elect$ %\ld be 9 e respect ^u precisely ! same foot+ z ^? :o are n[ consid]$ ! gov]n+ class1 & ! able/ man %\ld be *os5 f ea* grade z presid5t or vice-presid5t alt]nately1 s t ea* dep>tm5t %\ld successively occupy ! *air4 ,also1 in/ead ( *oos+ ! presid5t & c\ncil by rotation1 accord+ to s5iority1 ! ackn[l$g$ be/ m5 9 e dep>tm5t %\ld be *os5 z (fic]s4 ,& fur!r1 ! in/itution ?us regulat$ %\ld h ! p[] ( giv+ c]tificates ( compet5cy aft] ! c&idates = admission h be5 duly exam9$ by indep5d5t exam9]s2 & until !y h receiv$ ^! c]tificates !y %\ld n be all[$ to practise4 ,?is is ! rule 9 e o!r le>n$ pr(ession1 & !re c be no reason :y x %\ld n be adopt$ by ! eng9e]s4 ,x is ! only me?od by :i* x c take rank among/ ! le>n$ pr(essions2 & z no o!r requires m sci5tific k1 or is entru/$ ) a great] portion ( responsibility or a l>g] am\nt ( tru/1 or :]e failure becomes m disa/r\s1 x is q cle> t no man %\ld be all[$ to practise x unless he has pass$ a prop] exam9ation1 & has receiv$ a c]tificate ( compet5cy f prop] au?orities4 ,aga9/ ?is proposal x may be argu$1 t _m illit]ate m51 al?\gh ( great orig9al g5ius1 w\ld be exclud$ if _! compet5cy 7 tri$ by su* a te/4 ,my reply is1 let !m n be tri$ only by ! ord9>y rules ( sci5tific books1 b also by ! g5]al pr9ciples :i* ! c&idate pr(esses1 & let ^? pr9ciples be te/$1 to prove h[ f> !y are 9 accordance ) s\nd philosophy4 ,a man l ,/eph5son or ,br9dley1 al?\gh illit]ate1 may und]/& ^! pr9ciples p]fectly1 & yet may n be able to expla9 !m4 ,nev]!less1 let him be exam9$1 b 9 a diff]5t mann] f ! ord9>y r\t9e1 & x w soon be discov]$ :e!r 8 pr(ession & 8 practice are f\nd$ ^u true me*anical & philosophical pr9ciples4 ,if ^! exam9ations are prop]ly conduct$ e possible objection w be aboli%$1 & no sci5tific educat$ eng9e]1 or any illit]ate p]son ( true sci5tific g5ius1 w be prev5t$ f pursu+ ! pr(ession1 :il/ only ! speculator & *>latan w be exclud$4 ,by ?is means ! public w be assur$ t ! works = :i* !y subscribe ! funds w be conduct$ 9 ! be/ mann]1 & mo/ probably to a successful t]m9ation4 ,at pres5t1 ! sy/em ^u :i* public works are c>ri$ on is :olly wrong4 ,!re is no sy/em4 ,any man )\t bus9ess1 compet5t or n1 dubs himself eng9e]1 />ts a project1 well or ill f\nd$1 z ! case may be1 g5]ally ! latt]1 & issues a prospectus to ! public1 to obta9 ! necess>y funds to c>ry 8 proposal into effect4 ,next he gets a contractor to back him by tak+ a c]ta9 numb] ( %>es1 provid$ t he has ! contract at 8 own price4 ,! %>es he looks ^u z good = no?+1 & !re=e adds s mu* m to 8 ord9>y pr(its1 s t in/ead ( receiv+ #aj or #ab p] c5t4 ^u 8 co/ price1 :i* is ! usual rule ( ! trade1 he gets d\ble1 ) ! %>es into ! b>ga91 all ( :i* is add$ to ! capital ( ! und]tak+2 & 9 ord] to c>ry into effect ?is wa/eful policy1 ! contractor g5]ally /ipulates = two or ?ree ( 8 own nom9ees to be plac$ ^u ! bo>d1 to 8look aft]0 8 int]e/s1 s t1 9 po9t ( fact1 he pays himself pretty ne>ly :at he likes4 ,! eng9e]1 :o ought to be 8 ma/]1 loses all control ov] him1 & 9 _m cases becomes little bett] ?an 8 s]vant4 ,?is is c]ta9ly a mo/ discr$itable /ate ( ?+s1 & has be5 ! cause ( ! mo/ wa/eful exp5diture1 & ! ru9 ( _m valuable und]tak+s1 & x w always cont9ue to be ! case s long z ! pres5t sy/em prevails4 ,! real object ( ! civil eng9e] is to promote ! civilization ( ! _w1 by ! prop] application ( all ! great me*anical means at 8 comm&1 & to take a high1 indep5d5t position z a sci5tific man1 ?or\ghly v]s$ 9 8 pr(ession bo? !oretically & practically1 & :olly indep5d5t ( contractors1 & all s9i/] influ5ces4 ,unless he c d ?is1 he nev] w be held 9 t e/eem & respect1 or take t high position )\t :i* no pr(essional man c prop]ly dis*>ge ! duties t he owes to himself & to ! public4 ,aga9/ :at ,i h said x may p]haps be urg$ t ,i assign too high a place to ! pr(ession to :i* my fa!r & myself h _h ! hon\r to belong2 b ,i ?9k t :5 ! subject has be5 calmly & fairly consid]$ x w be g5]ally admitt$ t ,i h n done s )\t reason4 ,)\t wi%+ = a mom5t to depreciate ! m]its ( any o!r body ( m51 ,i ?9k x w be conc$$ t ! objects propos$ by ! eng9e]1 & ! acquirem5ts1 k1 & exp]i5ce t he mu/ possess be=e he c practise successfully1 are at lea/ equal to ^? ( any o!r pr(ession1 p>ticul>ly aft] ! practical examples exhibit$ to ! _w ( ! great b5efits t eng9e]+ has already conf]r$ ^u mank9d4 ,!re=e are we entitl$ to be rank$ among/ ! mo/ le>n$ pr(essions1 & to receive all ! hon\rs !y h mo/ ju/ly e>n$2 & ,i tru/ ! "t is n f> di/ant :5 ?is ju/ice w be accord$ to !m4 ,be=e conclud+ ?is sket* ( my c>e] ,i w (f] a few obs]vations z to :at ,i consid]1 f my exp]i5ce1 ! be/ plan ( education = ! pr(ession ( a civil eng9e]4 ,hi!rto !re has be5 no regul> sy/em4 ,a y\? leaves s*ool ab\t ! age ( sev5te5 or eighte51 )\t any previ\s tra9+1 & 8 p>5ts1 ?9k+ t he has got a me*anical turn1 z x is t]m$1 decide at once to make him a civil eng9e]1 :e!r he likes x or is fit = x or n4 ,!y !n s5d him1 ) a consid]able premium1 to an eng9e] ( "s /&+ & practice1 :o1 unless special conditions are made 7& v few eng9e]s w make !m71 w n und]take to tea* him ! pr(ession4 ,! pupil is s5t into ! (fice1 & plac$ "u ! direction ( ! pr9cipal assi/ant1 :o directs him to d :atev] is requir$1 if he c d x1 :e!r draw+1 writ+1 or calculat+1 or any?+ else2 & if he wi%es to le>n any?+1 he mu/ f9d x out himself3 nei!r ! pr9cipal nor assi/ant expla9s ! pr9ciples or reasons ( any?+ t is done4 ,if he prove to be /eady1 intellig5t1 & useful1 keeps ! regul> (fice h\rs1 & ev9ces a det]m9ation to und]/& ?or\ghly ! :y & :]e=e ( e k9d ( "w t is br\ght be=e him1 & by ?is means acquires "s practical k1 he w soon attract ! notice ( 8 employ]1 & w be gradually transf]r$ f "o dep>tm5t to ano!r1 until ! expiration ( 8 pupilage1 :i* v>ies f ?ree to f\r ye>s2 !n1 if he really has acquir$ a compet5t k ( ! pr(ession1 & ! employ] ?9ks 8 old pupil c be ( fur!r s]vice to him1 he is engag$ at a mod]ate sal>y1 to be employ$ 9 su* capacity z he is fit =4 ,if dur+ 8 pupilage he has made b little progress1 no?+ beyond m]e r\t9e1 he is dis*>g$ ) a c]tificate accord+ to 8 m]its1 & s5t into ! _w1 to f9d 8 way =w>d z be/ he c4 ,n[ x %\ld be und]/ood t ! pupil only le>ns "o "p ( 8 bus9ess1 su* z ! con/ruction ( railways1 canals1 improvem5t ( riv]s1 docks1 dra9age1 h>b\rs1 & wat]works1 & ! build+s connect$ ) !m2 b !re is ano!r & v important "p ( civil eng9e]+1 namely1 ! me*anical dep>tm5t1 ( :i* he rema9s totally ignorant4 ,nor w he ga9 any insight into ! rais+ ( coals1 iron1 or any o!r geological product4 ,n[1 9 ord] to =m a good civil eng9e]1 9 my op9ion x is absolutely necess>y t he %\ld be well acqua9t$ ) all ^! diff]5t bran*es4 ,to ?is x may be repli$1 t x is n necess>y an eng9e] %\ld be acqua9t$ ) all dep>tm5ts ( ! pr(ession1 b only ) ! "o to :i* he int5ds m p>ticul>ly to devote himself4 ,n[ ?is is a v great mi/ake1 = !y are all s intimately connect$1 t )\t hav+ a g5]al k ( ! :ole y _c practise 9 any "o dep>tm5t ) complete success2 = :5ev] y h to rely ^u ! res\rces ( ano!r dep>tm5t y c nev] make sure ( be+ ?or\ghly well s]v$1 unless y are y\rself a tol]able judge ( "w4 ,i repeat1 !n1 t an eng9e] :o has /udi$ only "o dep>tm5t _c be t]m$ prop]ly educat$4 ,& ! "q arises1 :at is ! be/ mode ( education = a pupil to obta9 ?is multif>i\s1 &1 z ,i cont5d1 absolutely necess>y1 in=mation1 to enable him to practise ! pr(ession ( a civil eng9e] 9 ! mo/ enlight5$1 sci5tific1 & practical mann]8 ,my answ] is ?is3 ,let him fir/ get a s\nd elem5t>y education 9 ! sev]al dep>tm5ts ( ari?metic1 algebra1 geometry1 natural philosophy1 geography1 geology1 a/ronomy1 *emi/ry1 l& & hydrographical survey+1 z well z gramm>1 ,engli% composition1 hi/ory1 ,fr5*1 ,g]man1 & ,lat91 accord+ to ! improv$ sy/em ( mod]n education2 e y\? ( ord9>y tal5ts has a tol]ably fair k ( ^! at sev5te5 or eighte54 ,:at !n %\ld be ! tra9+ = an eng9e]8 ,fir/ let him g ?r\gh ! be/ c\rse ( mod]n education at 8 comm&1 includ+ ! elem5ts ( geometry1 ma!matics1 & ! physical sci5ces1 n exclud+ ,lat9 & ,greek1 9 spite ( ! prejudice aga9/ !m n[ frequ5tly express$4 ,!n let him be appr5tic$ = two or ?ree ye>s to "s good /eam eng9e & ma*9]y manufactur]1 :]e he %\ld le>n to make draw+s & calculations1 h&le tools1 make models1 /eam-eng9e ma*9]y1 & put ma*9]y toge!r4 ,by ?is means1 if he applies 8 m9d to x prop]ly1 he may become a practical z well z !oretical me*anician1 :i* is ! s\nde/ basis = good eng9e]+2 inde$1 )\t ?is x is impossible = an eng9e] to be ?or\ghly successful1 b be+ well gr\nd$ 9 ?is mo/ important k1 all ! o!rs w become comp>atively easy4 ,hav+ gone ?r\gh ?is appr5tice%ip1 let him b9d himself = ?ree or f\r ye>s to "s well-kn[n civil eng9e]1 ( l>ge practice 9 railways1 docks1 h>b\rs1 wat]works1 canals1 dra9age1 riv]s1 c4 ,9 ?is (fice ! pupil w le>n ev]y?+ connect$ ) ^! dep>tm5ts1 & z !y are f\nd$ m or less ^u practical me*anics1 he w soon f9d t f 8 previ\s me*anical education he has already acquir$ consid]able k ( !m1 & x w only be necess>y to apply ^? pr9ciples1 modifi$ accord+ to ! p>ticul> circum/ances requir$3 9 fact1 ! pr9ciples are ! same1 al?\gh appli$ ^u a l>g] scale4 ,9 lay+ d[n a railway ! "y eng9e] w h to consid] ! p>ticul> local1 geographical & geological features ( ! c\ntry ?r\gh :i* ! l9e is to pass1 & ! ext5t ( me*anical p[] t w be necess>y to "w x effectually1 consi/5t ) ! co/ ( mak+ ! cutt+s & embankm5ts4 ,"h is a purely me*anical "q1 :i* ! pupil's previ\s in/ruction w enable him to decide1 & :i* he c\ld n d )\t ?is in/ruction4 ,if x be a "q ( improv+ a riv]1 ! quantity ( wat] fl[+ ?r\gh x1 ! incl9ation ( its b$1 ! ext5t & levels ( ! di/rict :i* x has to dra91 w r$uce !mselves to ! laws ( ! pressure & movem5t ( fluids1 :i* are expla9$ "u ! g5]al !orems ( hydraulics & hydro/atics1 supplem5t$ by c]ta9 rules d]iv$ f practical exp]i5ce1 su* z friction1 c4 ,aga91 if x be ! mak+ ( a h>b\r1 ! /ud5t mu/ fir/ ?or\ghly exam9e ! nature ( ! locality1 t is1 its geographical position & geological "*4 ,z reg>ds ! =m]1 :e!r ! h>b\r is to be at ! m\? ( a riv]1 :e!r t riv] dis*>ges its wat]s into a bay1 or ?r\gh a project+ expos$ l9e ( coa/ :]e ! ma9 tidal curr5ts run cont9u\sly & rapidly pa/ x4 ,) reg>d to ! latt]1 :e!r ! adjac5t coa/s be flat & alluvial2 or elevat$1 b /ill compos$ ( s(t alluvial or s&y & calc>e\s soil1 easily abrad$ or worn away by ! pass+ curr5ts2 or :e!r !y be compos$ ( ! h>d] or prim>y rocks4 ,he mu/ also c>efully consid] ! /r5g? & ! direction ( ! curr5ts4 ,all ^! v>i\s conditions mu/ be c>efully weigh$ be=e com+ to a decision4 ,9 con/ruct+ close h>b\rs1 ! same obs]vations mu/ be made4 ,ea* ( ^! cases requires a totally diff]5t k9d ( treatm5t1 & ! correct me?od c only be asc]ta9$ by a ?or\gh inve/igation & k ( ! local circum/ances1 su* z w9ds1 tides1 curr5ts1 coa/s1 c41 s t ! h>b\r :5 con/ruct$ may af=d e facility = +ress & egress1 safety :5 )91 & n be liable to any deposit4 ,9 ord] to give ! requisite supply ( wat] to canals x is imp]ative t suffici5t res]voirs %\ld be e/abli%$ *iefly at ! high level if possible1 also at ea* int]v5+ asc5t & desc5t2 b x is mo/ desirable t !re %\ld be only "o high level1 & g5]ally speak+ ?is may obta9$2 b :51 f p>ticul> local circum/ances1 ?is _c be done1 !n ! high levels1 ev5 at consid]able extra exp5se1 %\ld be r$uc$ to z few z practicable4 ,! same may be said ) reg>d to railways1 b 9 ! case ( canals x is always absolutely necess>y t !re %\ld be res]voir space to supply ! greate/ am\nt ( lockage t may be requir$ dur+ ! season :5 !re is ! lea/ quantity ( ra9fall4 ,! ra9fall 9 any giv5 di/rict may always be asc]ta9$ by prop] ra9 gauges2 & :5ev] x has be5 f\nd t !re is no probability ( obta9+ a suffici5cy ( wat] to pass ! am\nt ( trade t may be expect$ ov] any giv5 l5g? ( canal1 !n ! high level mu/ be l[]$ suffici5tly to obta9 ! requir$ supply4 ,:51 f peculi> local circum/ances1 ?is _c be done1 !n x w become necess>y to erect /eam eng9es ( ! requisite p[] to pump back ! wat] f ! l[] to ! high] levels4 ,b z a rule x w be f\nd1 t by lay+ out a canal prop]ly1 & by /or+ suffici5t wat] to answ] all ! requir$ lock supply at prop] places1 pump+ back w only be necess>y 9 extreme cases4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a "q ( detail t w be gov]n$ by ! local circum/ances ( ea* p>ticul> case4 ,) reg>d to ! con/ruction ( canals1 t mu/ be regulat$ by ! quantity ( trade to be pass$1 & ! *>ges t x w be>2 b1 )9 c]ta9 limits1 ! l>g] ! canal ! bett]4 ,9 ! case ( %ip canals = seaborne vessels1 x is advisable to con/ruct !m :]ev] !y c be made at a reasonable co/1 & !re is traffic en\gh to pay a fair int]e/ ^u ! capital4 ,9 ! dra9age ( ext5sive di/ricts ( l[l&s1 :e!r bord]+ ^u riv]s or o!rwise1 x is ! bett] plan1 ) "s exceptions1 to divide ! l[l& f ! highl& wat]s1 & to dis*>ge !m by sep>ate outfalls2 because if !y are bo? dis*>g$ by "o outfall1 ! highl& wat]1 com+ f a high] level1 & naturally hav+ ! greate/ velocity1 w =ce its way fir/ to ! outfall1 & until x is dis*>g$ ! l[l& wat] _c get (f1 b w accumulate ^u & inundate ! adjac5t l&s4 ,aga91 if only "o outfall be provid$1 a mu* m ext5sive sy/em ( ma9 & int]ior dra9s w be requir$1 z ^! latt] mu/ s]ve z res]voirs to conta9 bo? wat]s until !y c be dis*>g$ by ! common outfall2 b by keep+ !m di/9ct f ea* o!r1 ! highl& wat] may readily be dis*>g$ into ! upp] "p ( ! riv]s or wat]c\rses1 :il/ ! l[l& wat] may be made to dis*>ge itself at ! l[e/ po9t ! outfall w admit (1 & w get (f be=e ! highl& wat] c rea* x4 ,moreov]1 ! highl& wat]1 be+ dis*>g$ s mu* high] up ! wat]c\rses or riv]s1 w sc\r out _! *annels z well z ! outfall1 prev5t !m f fill+ up1 & pres]ve !m 9 ! be/ /ate bo? = dra9age & navigation4 ,^! cat*wat] dra9s = ! highl& wat]s w also be f\nd v useful = supply+ ! l[l& di/ricts ) fre% wat] = cattle1 dome/ic purposes1 & irrigation dur+ ! summ] & dry seasons1 :5 fre% wat] is s mu* ne$$ = ! l[l&s4 ,?is sy/em 0 fir/ introduc$ by my fa!r1 9 #ahje1 9 ! dra9age ( ! ext5sive di/rict ( l[l&s bord]+ ^u ! riv] ,)am1 betwe5 ,bo/on & ,l9coln1 am\nt+ to ab\t #aej1jjj acres4 ,g5]ally speak+1 be=e attempt+ to improve ! int]ior dra9age ( any l[l& di/rict1 x is necess>y1 9 ! fir/ place1 to exam9e ! /ate ( ! outfall1 & h[ f> x is capable ( improvem5t2 be=e ?is is asc]ta9$ x is impossible to lay d[n any effectual plan4 ,9 ord] to make ! outfall effective x %\ld be improv$ to ! greate/ ext5t practicable1 s t ! l[-wat] l9e or level may be r$uc$ to ! l[e/ po9t4 ,hav+ done ?is1 ! int]ior dra9age may be laid out accord+ly4 ,:5 ?is is comb9$ ) ! cat*wat] sy/em above describ$1 ! dra9age may be r5d]$ z complete z possible1 z f> z x c be ^u ! natural pr9ciple ( gravitation4 ,:5 ! wat] _c be dis*>g$ f ! outfall at all times by gravitation1 we mu/ enl>ge ! ma9 & tribut>y dra9s1 s t !y may s]ve z res]voirs to conta9 ! dra9age wat] dur+ ! "t t ! outfall sluice is clos$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! wat] 9 ! riv] or ! sea1 :]e ! outfall sluice may be plac$1 be+ high] ?an ! level ( ! wat] 9 ! ma9 & int]ior dra9s4 ,no l& c be consid]$ z prop]ly dra9$ unless ! surface ( ! wat] 9 ! adjac5t dra9s c be kept f #b to #c feet bel[ ! surface ( ! adjac5t l&s at all times4 ,!re mu/ be no /agnation ( wat]2 at ! same "t !re mu/ always be ! means1 z f> z practicable1 ( supply+ ! l& ) t prop] degree ( moi/ure necess>y = n\ri%+ ! soil1 ei!r f ! direct ra9fall or f ! wat] dis*>g$ into ! cat*wat] dra9s f ! adjac5t highl&s2 & if ^! be n suffici5t1 !n !y may be supplem5t$ by res]voirs ( ! prop] dim5sions atta*$ to !m4 ,! be/ mode ( arrang+ ?is is1 ( c\rse1 a matt] ( detail1 keep+ always 9 view ! great pr9ciple ( a ?or\gh dra9age & an ample supply ( fre% wat]4 ,! sy/em t ,i h above expla9$ is bas$ ^u ! s\nde/ pr9ciples ( !ory & practice1 & !re=e ,i feel no hesitation 9 recomm5d+ x4 ,) reg>d to ! sew]age & dra9age ( t[ns1 ! same pr9ciple may be adopt$1 modifi$ accord+ to local circum/ances4 ,! dra9s "h w require great] fall or incl9ation4 ,! sewage %\ld n be dis*>g$ into ! wat]c\rses1 b into sep>ate depts at a prop] di/ance f ! dwell+s4 ,^! depts %\ld be ?or\ghly v5tilat$1 & ! sewage deodoriz$ by mix+ x ) e>?1 or "s o!r suitable sub/ance1 t w n impair its value1 & !n x may be sold = manure2 & ?us in/ead ( becom+ a nuisance x may be turn$ to pr(itable acc\nt4 ,all riv]s 9 d5sely populat$ c\ntries %\ld h _! flood wat]s /or$ 9 capaci\s res]voirs1 ) prop] sluices1 9 ! ma9 or adjac5t subsidi>y valleys1 s t dur+ ! dry seasons !re may be always an ample supply ( good wat] = dome/ic & agricultural purposes1 irrigation1 & navigation4 ,! res]voirs w also be advantage\s 9 prev5t+ ! too frequ5t inundations & consequ5t deva/ation caus$ by floods4 ,9 wat]works gravitation %\ld be adopt$ :]ev] practicable1 s t ! s\rce ( supply %all be plac$ at su* an elevation t x may comm& ! highe/ "p ( ! build+s to be suppli$1 ?us all artificial p[] = pump+ w be avoid$4 ,b 9 mo/ cases1 except :]e natural lakes c be f\nd1 x w be necess>y to make settl+ or filt]+ res]voirs1 f :i* ! wat] :5 suffici5tly pure may be deliv]$ into ! supply res]voirs1 & bo? ( ^! %\ld be capaci\s en\gh to conta9 a suffici5t supply = a mon?1 m or less1 accord+ to ! p>ticul> local circum/ances4 ,la/1 b n lea/1 ! quality ( ! wat] = ! propos$ supply %\ld be ?or\ghly te/$ *emically1 9 ord] to asc]ta9 its purity2 x %\ld be z s(t z possible1 & be free f vegetable z well z all o!r matt] prejudicial to heal?2 & x mu/ be obta9$ 9 suffici5t quantity to gu>antee a supply ( ?irty gallons a day to ea* inhabitant ( ! t[n1 ) ! means ( augm5t+ ! supply at ! same rate = any increase ( inhabitants4 ,! conduit :i* is to supply ! s]vice res]voir %\ld be cov]$ ?r\gh\t1 z well z ! s]vice res]voir1 :i* ( c\rse %\ld be occasionally cleans$2 ! o!r1 or settl+ res]voir1 ne> ! f\nta9 head1 ne$ n be cov]$ if made l>ge en\gh2 t also %\ld be cleans$ z (t5 z is necess>y4 ,:]e ! wat] _c be suppli$ by means ( gravitation1 !n ! artificial me?od ( pump+ by /eam eng9es or wat]-:eels1 or o!r means1 mu/ be adopt$2 b 9 ?is case also settl+1 filt]+1 & s]vice res]voirs mu/ be employ$1 z already describ$4 ,x is unnecess>y to rem>k t 9 all cases ! res]voirs & conduits %\ld be made ?or\ghly wat]-tight & imp]vi\s to any dra9age wat] f ! adjac5t di/ricts4 ,docks may be divid$ into two classes1 viz4 float+ & dry docks2 ! =m] may be designat$ z enclos$ spaces fill$ ) wat]1 p5n$ up to su* dep? z may be requir$ = float+ vessels ( all classes4 ,^! docks or bas9s mu/ be r5d]$ wat]-tight1 & 9 mo/ cases x is necess>y to surr\nd !m ) ne>ly v]tical walls1 to economize space & to enable vessels to come alongside & dis*>ge & receive c>goes4 ,) reg>d to ! situation ( ^! docks & design+ ! plans = !m1 ?is dep5ds ^u ! local circum/ances & ! requirem5ts ( ! p>ticul> class ( vessels t !y are to accommodate1 & ! trade t is to be c>ri$ on 9 !m4 ,)\t a ?or\gh k ( all ^! circum/ances x is impossible to give any?+ l a correct op9ion z to _! dim5sions1 mode ( design+ !m1 or any o!r p>ticul>s4 ,i may say g5]ally1 h[ev]1 t z ^! docks are always situat$ contigu\s to "s riv] or h>b\r1 ei!r ) or )\t ! tidal ebb & fl[1 ! position & direction ( ! entrances to ! docks become ( ! greate/ importance1 9 ord] t !y may n be too mu* expos$1 & t vessels may be enabl$ to ent] & dep>t ) ! greate/ facility2 & 9 su* "p ( ! riv] or h>b\r :]e !re is ! greate/ dep? ( wat] & ! be/ *annel outw>ds & inw>ds4 ,!re %\ld also1 z f> z possible1 be ! means ( supply+ ! bas9s ) cle> wat]1 9 ord] to dim9i% ! am\nt ( deposit )92 !re %\ld also be a small] or entrance bas9 adjo9+ ! out] lock1 ! level ( wat] 9 :i* c be m readily adju/$ ) t ( ! adjac5t riv] or h>b\r1 s t vessels may be tak5 into ! docks ) ! greate/ despat* out ( ! rea* ( ! curr5ts 9 ! out] h>b\r1 & )\t ! necessity ( l[]+ ! surface ( ! wat] 9 ! inn] bas94 ,float+ docks 9 g5]al %\ld h dry docks atta*$ to !m1 = ! purpose ( repair+ vessels2 & ^! dry docks %\ld communicate by means ( a tunnel or culv]t ) ! tidal riv] or h>b\r4 ,) reg>d to ! w>eh\se accommodation = receiv+ & deliv]+ ! diff]5t classes ( m]*&ise br\ght to or tak5 out ( ! vessels frequ5t+ ! docks1 ^! %\ld z f> z possible be made fire-pro(1 & %\ld be prop]ly adapt$ = ! reception ( ! diff]5t articles plac$ 9 !m1 s t !y may be /[$ away 9 ! mo/ conv5i5t mann] & be readily accessible4 ,:]e space w p]mit x is desirable to keep ! w>eh\ses z l[ z possible2 by ?is means ! damage 9 ! ev5t ( fire w be greatly r$uc$1 & ! exp5se ( tak+ 9 & deliv]+ goods consid]ably dim9i%$1 & ! co/ ( con/ruction less5$ also4 ,betwe5 ! w>eh\ses & ! edge ( ! dock !re %\ld be suffici5t space = a road all r\nd ! w>eh\ses2 & betwe5 ! road & ! edge ( ! dock !re %\ld be l&+-%$s1 s t ! c>goes ( vessels1 :5 dis*>g$1 may be plac$ !re1 to be exam9$ & sort$1 & f !nce tak5 away to _! de/9ation1 or deliv]$ into ! w>eh\ses1 z occasion may require4 ,all inflammable articles1 su* z oils1 naph?a1 turp5t9e1 t>1 pit*1 jute1 hemp1 flax1 c41 %\ld be /[$ away 9 l[ w>eh\ses or cov]$ %$s1 completely isolat$1 & ) ! int]ior divid$ into di/9ct comp>tm5ts1 ) access r\nd ea*4 ,^! comp>tm5ts %\ld be no l>g] ?an necess>y4 ,railways %\ld be laid along all ! quays1 & %\ld be c>ri$ ?r\gh ! gr\nd floors ( ! :ole ( ! w>eh\ses1 :ile ! upp] floors %\ld also h rail or tramways ?r\gh ea* division ( goods1 ) ! necess>y turn-tables at _! int]section ) ea* o!r4 ,^! railways %\ld be work$ ei!r by /eam p[] or horse traction1 z may be mo/ advisable4 ,all ! quays & w>eh\ses %\ld be suppli$ ) a suffici5t numb] ( cranes1 ( ! requisite /r5g? to lift & /[ away ! heavie/ goods4 ,^! cranes %\ld be work$ ei!r by hydraulic1 /eam1 vacuum1 manual1 or animal p[]1 z may be mo/ advisable2 9 fact1 !y %\ld be s design$ t !y may be work$ ei!r by ! "o or ! o!r1 z may be requir$4 ,fre% wat] %\ld be laid r\nd all ! quays & w>eh\ses1 ?r\gh iron or glaz$ e>!n pipes1 & !re %\ld always be an ample supply1 ei!r = vessels frequ5t+ ! docks1 or = ext+ui%+ fires2 & = ?is purpose capaci\s tanks or res]voirs %\ld be e/abli%$ at ! mo/ conv5i5t places2 & if ^! res]voirs _c be made at a suffici5t height s z to comm& ! highe/ w>eh\ses1 !n ! wat] %\ld be =c$ ?r\gh ! hose atta*$ to ! supply-pipes by /eam or o!r p[]1 z %all be f\nd mo/ advisable4 ,gas1 also1 9 prop]ly fitt$ pipes1 %\ld be di/ribut$ ov] ! quays & w>eh\ses1 & ! movable lights %\ld be z few z possible2 ^? t are us$ %\ld be prop]ly gu>d$1 s t all risk ( fire f !m may be avoid$4 ,no lucif]-mat*es %\ld be p]mitt$ 9 any "p ( ! e/abli%m5t1 nor %\ld smok+ be all[$4 ,by ^! means ! probabilities ( fire w be r$uc$2 & if1 not)/&+ ^! precautions1 a fire %\ld break out1 !re w be ! mo/ ample provision = ext+ui%+ x 9 ! %orte/ possible "t1 & ) ! lea/ damage to ! prop]ty4 ,) reg>d to ar*itecture1 t /rictly belong+ to ! (fice ( ! civil eng9e] is ( ! mo/ simple "*4 ,! build+s %\ld be laid out 9 ! be/ mann]1 & ! mo/ conv5i5t = _! respective purposes1 & ?or\ghly sub/antial4 ,at ! same "t1 _! ext]ior appe>ance %\ld possess a c]ta9 degree ( symmetry & dignity1 s z to impress ^u ! spectator ! idea t !y are ?or\ghly adapt$ = _! purpose4 ,! mat]ials %\ld be *iefly iron1 /one1 & brick2 & timb] %\ld only be us$ :5 absolutely necess>y4 ,at ! same "t1 al?\gh x is n altoge!r necess>y1 ! civil eng9e] %\ld h a ?or\gh k ( ! five ord]s ( ar*itecture1 & ! mode ( apply+ !m2 ! pr9ciples ( con/ruct+ & equilibrat+ ar*es ( all k9ds mu/ be ?or\ghly und]/ood2 & if he int5ds to comb9e ! practice ( dome/ic & public ar*itecture ) t :i* is only /rictly necess>y = civil eng9e]+1 !n he mu/ ent] m l>gely into ! subject1 & /udy ! diff]5t anci5t & mod]n /yles ( build+4 ,survey+ & levell+ w also =m an important "p ( 8 duties4 ,9 ord] to und]/& !m x is necess>y t he %\ld "k ?or\ghly plane & sph]ical trigonometry1 & ! calculations necess>ily connect$ ) !m4 ,he %\ld also h a c]ta9 k ( a/ronomy1 to enable him to calculate ! tides & o!r ph5om5a connect$ !re)1 & to be able to lay d[n correct *>ts ( any h>b\r or sea coa/1 ) ! s\nd+s1 curr5ts1 & w9ds prevail+ !re4 ,geology w =m ano!r important dep>tm5t ( /udy1 )\t :i* he _c und]/& ! nature ( ! mat]ials t he w h to deal )1 su* z /one1 lime1 cem5ts1 e>?s1 c42 ! angles at :i* !y w /& 9 mak+ deep cutt+s & embankm5ts2 ! be/ & mo/ durable k9d to be employ$ 9 any p>ticul> "w1 ! prop] mode ( work+ x1 & h[ to place x 9 ! be/ position s z to resi/ ! effects ( ! atmosph]e or runn+ wat]1 ! concussion ( waves1 c41 9 ! mo/ effectual mann]4 ,! /udy ( geology w fur!r enable him to acc\nt = ! =mation ( %oals & any giv5 l9e ( coa/1 toge!r ) ! op]ation ( ! curr5ts ^u !m1 & ! be/ mode ( rem$y+ _! disa/r\s effects2 also ! be/ plan = design+ & con/ruct+ h>b\rs on ea* p>ticul> coa/ or situation4 ,aga91 by hav+ a ?or\gh k ( ! /rata & =mation ( any giv5 di/rict ( c\ntry1 he w be enabl$ to asc]ta9 :]e wat] may be f\nd1 & 9 :at quantity2 & if he practises m9+1 he w be able to pr$ict ) tol]able c]ta9ty :]e diff]5t k9ds ( m9]als may be obta9$1 su* z coal1 iron1 lead1 copp]1 t91 gold1 silv]1 c41 & ! mode ( work+ !m to ! greate/ advantage4 ,9 fact1 geology comb9$ ) m9]alogy he w f9d to be ( mo/ ess5tial s]vice 9 almo/ e dep>tm5t ( civil eng9e]+4 ,embankm5ts4--,?is is ano!r dep>tm5t ( eng9e]+ :i* requires a good deal ( skill & judgm5t1 p>ticul>ly along an expos$ op5 coa/1 :]e l[l&s are to be protect$ aga9/ ! encroa*m5ts ( ! sea4 ,! fir/ po9t is to select ! l9e ( embankm5t 9 su* a mann] t !re %all always be 9 front ( x a good =e%ore1 s t ! =ce ( ! sea may be brok5 be=e x rea*es ! embankm5t2 t is to say1 :]e practicable1 to h a c]ta9 ext5t ( gre5 or outly+ m>% 9 front ( x1 s t ! embankm5t :5 complet$ w seldom h a head ( wat] to cont5d ) at high tide ( above six or sev5 feet4 ,& ev5 ) ?is mod]ate dep? at high wat]1 :5 expos$ to ! action ( a heavy gale ( w9d1 !re w = ?ree or f\r h\rs be a consid]able brok5 sea1 calculat$ to d a great deal ( damage1 if ! embankm5t be n prop]ly con/ruct$4 ,n[1 if ! embankm5t h a good gre5 =e%ore 9 front1 ) sea slope ( ab\t #e or #f to #a1 well sodd$ up1 a fac+ ( clay ab\t #ah in*es ?ick1 #f feet above ! highe/ level ( spr+ tides1 ! top be+ #f feet wide1 ) back slopes ( #b to #a1 ) a back dit* #aj feet f ! foot ( ! inn] slope1 ! int]ior ( ! embankm5t be+ compos$ ( s\nd e>? well ramm$ or press$ toge!r1 s z to make x solid--an embankm5t ( ?is k9d w be able to resi/ su* a pressure z we may ord9>ily expect x to be expos$ to4 ,!re may be extraord9>y cases :]e ?is w n be suffici5t4 ,:5 ^! occur x w be necess>y to pave ! surface ) /one1 ab\t #i in*es ?ick1 or ) fagots4 ,! =m] is1 h[ev]1 decid$ly ! be/ plan1 z x w be p]man5t1 :]eas fagots are con/antly rott+1 & require r5ewal4 ,if ! sea %[s a t5d5cy to c>ry away ! =e%ore1 x mu/ be prev5t$1 by means ( jetties s dispos$ z to collect ! alluvial matt] held by ! sea wat] 9 susp5sion4 ,^!1 if prop]ly design$ & con/ruct$1 w g5]ally h ! desir$ effect4 ,9 cases :]e ! wat] outside is deep & ! sea face ( ! embankm5t may be expos$ to a head ( wat] ( #ab feet & upw>ds1 mu* great] precautions mu/ be tak5 to gu>d aga9/ accid5t4 ,! sea slopes ( ! embankm5t mu/ be increas$ to #g or #i to #a1 well fac$ ) clay & pav$ ) /one1 hav+ ! =e%ore 9 front well protect$ ) jetties4 ,9 fact1 no two cases w be alike3 ea* mu/ be treat$ sep>ately accord+ to ! p>ticul> local circum/ances1 & !re=e x is impossible to design a prop] plan = any embankm5t )\t kn[+ all ! local circum/ances4 ,! g5]al pr9ciple is t ! sea face ( ! embankm5t %\ld nev] be less ?an f #d or #e to #a4 ,9 "s p>ticul> cases a less slope w d1 say #c to #a4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 c]ta9ly dep5ds ^u local circum/ances4 ,! base ( ! out] slope %\ld be p>ticul>ly wat*$1 & if any crack appe>s to be =m+1 x %\ld be imm$iately /opp$ by jetties c>ri$ out z f> z necess>y4 ,9 =m+ embankm5ts x is usual1 :5 x c be done1 to take ! e>? f ! outside ( ! sea slope1 b ?is %\ld nev] be done )9 less ?an #aj y>ds f ! base ( ! slope1 & ^! 8floor pits10 z !y are t]m$1 %\ld g5]ally n exce$ #ab to #ah in*es 9 dep?1 & be increas$ 9 wid? 9 proportion to ! quantity ( e>? requir$ = ! bank2 at e #aj or #ae y>ds1 9 ! longitud9al direction1 ! e>? %\ld n be remov$1 b left to =m small cross banks betwe5 ! floor pits1 s z to prev5t any curr5t be+ =m$ 9 !m2 ?us ^! floor pits w soon be fill$ up by ! alluvial matt] br\ght 9 by ! tide1 :5 ! outside slopes ( ! bank are nei!r expos$ to ! heavy la% ( ! waves nor to /rong curr5ts4 ,!n if !y are cov]$ ) good grass sods prop]ly laid on & beat5 into ! face ( ! bank x may suffice1 b n o!rwise4 ,if ?is %\ld n answ] ! slope mu/ be increas$ &1 if necess>y1 pav$ ) /one z above m5tion$4 ,:5 good clay _c be obta9$ to face ! bank1 !n ! be/ ( ! e>? t c be got mu/ be employ$1 mix$ ) /raw1 well puddl$ ) wat]1 & laid ^u ! surface ( ! bank 9 a moi/ /ate ab\t #ah in*es ?ick1 & !n fac$ ) /one ab\t #i in*es ?ick1 well ramm$ edgeways into x4 ,9 cases :]e x is necess>y to protect any l9e ( coa/ aga9/ ! ravages ( ! ocean1 ! measures to be adopt$ w dep5d ^u ! =m & geological "* ( ! coa/ to be s protect$1 :e!r l[ flats & alluvial1 or cliffs compos$ ( rocks m or less h>d1 & easily act$ ^u by ! waves1 ra91 & atmosph]e4 ,9 ! =m] case x w g5]ally be f\nd t ! coa/ is surr\nd$ by ext5sive flat s&s1 & t ! wat] holds a l>ge quantity ( alluvial matt] 9 susp5sion4 ,! great object1 !re=e1 %\ld be to cause ?is alluvial matt] to be deposit$ 9 su* =m & 9 su* places z are be/ adapt$ to our purpose4 ,n[ ?is may g5]ally be effect$ 9 an inexp5sive mann]1 consid]+ ! object to be atta9$1 by a s]ies ( jetties1 ei!r compos$ ( /akes wattl$ toge!r ) fagots1 or l9es ( loose /ones dispos$ 9 su* a mann] t !y %all break ! ris+ & fall+ wat]s1 & make !m /agnant betwe5 ! jetties1 s t !y may deposit _! alluvial matt]4 ,9 ! fir/ in/ance ^! jetties ne$ n be rais$ m ?an two feet above ! level ( ! s&1 & :5 ! s& or alluvial soil has accumulat$ up to ! top1 !y may be aga9 rais$ to a simil> height1 & s on until ! soil 9 front ( ! coa/ has be5 conv]t$ into a gre5 m>%2 ?us !re w n only be =m$ a protection to ! coa/ invad$ by ! sea1 b fre% l& may be ga9$ 9 front ( x & embank$ f ! sea4 ,x is impossible to expla9 ! precise disposition & direction ( ^! jetties & works )\t a ?or\gh k ( ! locality1 & su* circum/ances z its exposure to w9ds1 tides1 & curr5ts4 ,! pr9ciple h[ev] is to *eck ! curr5ts gradually1 & 9 su* a way z to prev5t any /rong curr5t f be+ =m$2 = if a new & /rong curr5t %\ld be creat$1 n only w ! alluvial matt] n be deposit$1 b ! works !mselves w be c>ri$ away1 & all ! lab\r & exp5se w be wa/$4 ,x is g5]ally advisable t su* works %\ld be comm5c$ ne> ! %ore1 & work$ d[nw>ds t[>ds ! sea2 ?us1 if !y are prop]ly manag$1 no deep pools or /rong curr5ts w be =m$ beh9d !m2 & ! requir$ process ( fill+ or silt+ up w proce$ regul>ly seaw>d1 always increas+ ! protection requir$1 & obta9+ additional l& z !y proce$4 ,9 "s cases1 :]e ! sea is heavy1 x may be necess>y to h /rong] jetties or works to relieve & protect ! m9or ones above describ$2 b ^! %\ld only be resort$ to 9 places :]e ! o!rs are insuffici5t1 or 9 greatly expos$ situations2 :]ev] ! m9or works w suffice1 z !y w 9 mo/ cases if prop]ly appli$ & con/ruct$1 ! less heavy works are resort$ to ! bett]1 z ! great object is to lead n drive ,nature2 t is1 to "w ) h] in/ead ( aga9/ h]4 ,by ?is means a few bricks & /akes w d a great deal m ?an f> great] & m exp5sive works4 ,s f> z reg>ds l[ alluvial coa/s1 ^!1 if prop]ly manag$1 w be f\nd comp>atively easy to deal )4 ,:5 we come to rocky coa/s t are we>+ away by ! comb9$ action ( ! sea bel[ & ! ra9s & atmosph]e above1 & :]e !re is little or no alluvial matt] held 9 susp5sion by ! wat]s1 t might be collect$ s z to =m a protect+ deposit at _! base1 !n we mu/ adopt a diff]5t sy/em1 b n altoge!r ignor+ ! o!r :5 x c be made useful4 ,9 ?is latt] case we mu/ secure ! bases ( ! cliffs at lea/ up to high-wat] m>k by means ( reta9+ walls1 :]e ! rock itself is n h>d en\gh to resi/ ! action ( ! sea4 ,^! walls ne$ n be c>ri$ high] ?an absolutely necess>y4 ,9 "s cases a m]e foot+ w d2 9 o!rs1 ! wall may be c>ri$ up to half tide2 & 9 o!rs up to ! full high-wat] m>k2 & al?\gh ! rock may be naturally s(t1 yet if its surface be protect$ by h>d] /one1 ev5 ( a v mod]ate ?ickness1 x w be q suffici5t to resi/ fur!r encroa*m5t by ! sea4 ,z ^! reta9+ walls w be f\nd$ ^u a base ( solid rock1 !re is v little fe> ( _! be+ und]m9$2 !re=e1 :5 ,i said be=e t x w\ld be necess>y to c>ry ^! reta9+ walls up to high-wat] m>k1 x mu/ be und]/ood z apply+ only to ^? rocks t are easily abrad$ by ! sea4 ,!re is ano!r po9t to be att5d$ to4 ,! base be+ secur$1 we mu/ look to ! cliff above4 ,"h1 f ! effect ( ra9s1 ! wat] frequ5tly _c get away1 accumulates beh9d at ! top1 & s9ks ?r\gh ! fissures1 :5 p>tly by hydraulic pressure & p>tly by ! effects ( fro/1 l>ge masses are deta*$ & fall bel[2 & z ?is is cont9ually occurr+1 ! progress ( decay goes on increas+4 ,hav+ secur$ ! base1 ! next ?+1 :]e practicable1 is to slope (f ! upp] surface ( ! cliff1 s z to prev5t x f ov]hang+1 & !n to make a dra9 at ! back to c>ry (f any wat] t may lodge !re4 ,by ^! means1 if prop]ly c>ri$ into effect1 ! base ( ! cliff be+ protect$ aga9/ ! sea f bel[ & ra9wat] f above1 !re is e probability t x w be pres]v$1 9 all ord9>y cases4 ,9 extraord9>y cases additional measures mu/ be tak5 to meet !m ^u ! same pr9ciples4 ,) reg>d to reta9+ walls ( brickwork or masonry1 ^! %\ld be always 9 excess ( /r5g? beyond ! pressure1 :e!r v]tical or lat]al1 t !y may h to resi/4 ,:5 ! pressure is simply lat]al1 !n ! mean ?ickness ( wall built ( masonry & brickwork--! mean ?ickness1 g5]ally speak+1 ( ! ma9 body ( ! wall--%\ld be ab\t "o-f\r? ( ! height1 besides c\nt]=ts at ! back at c]ta9 di/ances f ea* o!r1 regulat$ accord+ to ! p>ticul> circum/ances4 ,^!1 ^u ! av]age1 includ+ ! ?ickness ( ! ma9 wall1 w make ! total mass to be equal to ne>ly "o-?ird ( ! total height4 ,my fa!r frequ5tly made ^! walls curv$ 9 ! front z well z at ! back1 ! front be+ /ruck f a radius ^: c5tre 0 level ) ! top ( ! wall1 & ( su* a l5g? t ! face ( ! wall %\ld batt] "o-fif? ( ! total height2 ! back ( ! wall %\ld be /ruck f a c5tre at ! same level z ! o!r1 b a little long]1 s t at ! base ! wall might be ab\t #b feet ?ick] ?an at ! top1 9 addition to two or ?ree foot+s ( #f in*es ea*2 & ! base ( ! wall 0 made to incl9e backw>ds1 accord+ to ! radius f :5ce x 0 /ruck4 ,^! walls1 :5 !y are to re/ ^u alluvial soil1 mu/ be f\nd$ ^u a plat=m compos$ ( piles ( a suffici5t l5g? & ?ickness1 driv5 at "r angles to ! l9e ( ! f\ndation1 until ) ! bl[ ( a ram weigh+ #ae cwt4 & fall+ #bj feet !y w n move "o-eigh? ( an in*4 ,^! piles %\ld be driv5 9 regul> r[s1 longitud9ally & transv]sely1 ab\t #c feet ap>t1 & hoop$ & %od ) wr\ght-iron hoops & %oes4 ,at ! front1 imm$iately "u ! tie ( ! wall1 !re %\ld be a r[ ( groov$ & tongu$ %eet+ piles driv5 close toge!r1 & to ! same dep? z ! o!rs1 ab\t #f in*es ?ick1 hav+ a wale+ or longitud9al brace #f in*es ?ick & #ab in*es wide1 well bolt$ 9 ea* side ( ! top ( ! %eet+ piles4 ,! loose e>? %\ld be tak5 out to ab\t a foot 9 dep?1 & ! space fill$ 9 ) /one or brickwork to ! level ( ! pile heads1 :i* %\ld be c>efully trimm$1 !n cov]$ ) sills ab\t #ab in*es squ>e1 well spik$ d[n to !m4 ,! spaces betwe5 ! sills %\ld be well fac$ ) brickwork1 & ! :ole surface %\ld !n be cov]$ ) #f-;in* plank1 prop]ly spik$ d[n to ! sills bel[4 ,^u ?is plat=m ! masonry & brickwork ( ! wall %\ld be built4 ,! wall %\ld be c>efully back$ up z x proce$s ) s\nd e>? or clay1 or clay mix$ ) "o-six? ( gravel or concrete1 z %all be deem$ mo/ advisable4 ,^! curv$ walls1 if prop]ly con/ruct$1 are /rong] & m economical ?an ! ord9>y walls4 ,9 "s cases1 z 9 t ( ,%e]ness1 = example1 ! f\ndation is s bad t a totally diff]5t plan mu/ be adopt$4 ,at ,%e]ness x 0 necess>y t ! base ( ! walls %\ld be increas$1 di/ribut+ ! weight ov] a wid] area1 s t ea* sup]ficial foot ( ! sup]9cumb5t mass %\ld h a l>g] be>+1 ?us greatly reliev+ ! pressure ov] e "p4 ,! f\ndation ^u :i* ! walls 7 built 0 z bad z possible1 be+ compos$ ( no?+ b loose runn+ silt & s&4 ,^u su* a f\ndation walls ( ! ord9>y k9d w\ld n h /ood2 my fa!r !re=e saw ! necessity ( design+ "s new con/ruction1 ^u ! pr9ciples above m5tion$4 ,he _h previ\sly adopt$ some?+ simil> = ! docks at ,great ,grimsby1 9 ,l9coln%ire1 9 #aghf1 :i* design 0 c>ri$ into effect ) great success4 ,! walls at ,%e]ness & at ,great ,grimsby 7 built bo? ^u ! same pr9ciple1 modifi$ accord+ to local circum/ances4 ,%e]ness docks 7 f9i%$ altoge!r 9 ! ye> #ahbf1 & !y h /ood ev] s9ce4 ,i believe t ,i h n[ enum]at$ all ! *ief po9ts to :i* ! education ( a civil eng9e] %\ld be direct$4 ,:il/ he cont9ues 9 an eng9e]'s (fice1 :atev] bus9ess is br\ght be=e him1 he %\ld always endeav\r to ?or\ghly und]/& ! reasons = :i* su* & su* a "w is propos$ to be made1 & ! pr9ciples ^u :i* x is to be con/ruct$2 & if he f9ds1 accord+ to 8 previ\s education1 difficulties ei!r 9 ! pr9ciple or con/ruction1 he %\ld mode/ly /ate 8 d\bts to 8 sup]ior2 if no explanation is giv51 he has simply to d z he is ord]$1 mak+ notes ( 8 d\bts1 & :5 ! "w is c>ri$ into effect he w !n be able to asc]ta9 h[ f> he 0 "r or wrong4 ,if ! "w turns out to be a failure1 8 previ\s calculations w %[ him t he 0 "r2 b if ! "w succe$s1 8 calculations 7 wrong1 & he %\ld c>efully g ov] !m aga9 to asc]ta9 8 error4 ,he %\ld foll[ ! same process :5 he has to design & c>ry into effect any "w ^u 8 own responsibility1 & if he is 9 d\bt z to any po9t1 let him consult "s "o ( 8 pr(essional bre?r5 9 :om he has confid5ce4 ,:5 he is consult$ on simil> occasions by ano!r eng9e]1 let him give 8 advice & op9ion to ! be/ ( 8 p[]2 by ?is means he w ga9 ! respect ( 8 colleagues1 & e "o w be ready to help him :5 requir$4 ,let him be p>ticul>ly c>eful ab\t 8 e/imates2 & aft] he has e/imat$ fully ! probable co/ ( a "w1 let him add an all[ance ( q #ae p] c5t4 = cont+5cies1 :i* 9 all eng9e]+ works are s num]\s & v>i$ t x is almo/ impossible to =esee !m4 ,we %\ld always recollect t ! great object ( all eng9e]+ works is to produce a fair return = ! capital exp5d$ ^u !m1 or1 9 o!r words1 t !y %\ld pay4 ,if1 aft] due calculation1 x is f\nd !re is no *ance ( t1 !y %\ld n be und]tak52 = al?\gh x may be v gratify+ to ! pr(essional reputation ( an eng9e] to h execut$ a great "w1 x is b a poor consolation to 8 subscrib]s to f9d t _! money has be5 comp>atively ?r[n away )\t any adequate return4 ,^u ^! gr\nds1 !re=e1 ,i ?9k x is bett] t ! eng9e] %\ld conf9e himself /rictly to 8 bus9ess1 t is1 ( design+ & e/imat+ any propos$ "w 9 ! be/ possible mann] to ensure ! object int5d$4 ,let ^? :o are mo/ compet5t asc]ta9 :e!r !re is a suffici5t prospect ( traffic to pay a good return = ! requir$ capital2 & s long z ! eng9e] executes ! "w = 8 e/imate1 he _c be blam$ if ! "w does n pay a suffici5t return4 ,9 fact1 ! :ole comm]cial value ( a "w dep5ds ^u its co/1 & !re=e x is s important t ! e/imate %\ld be adh]$ to z closely z possible1 = if ?is be mu* exce$$ ! comm]cial calculation falls to ! gr\nd1 & !n ! subscrib]s h j reason to compla94 ,aga9/ ?is ,i h he>d x argu$ t if correct e/imates 7 always made1 & ! ultimate co/ ( _m works 0 kn[n be=eh&1 !y w\ld nev] h be5 c>ri$ out1 al?\gh not)/&+ ! increas$ co/ !y h f9ally prov$ to be v valuable4 ,?is is c]ta9ly to "s ext5t true2 _m inv5tions & discov]ies h ru9$ ! orig9al promot]s1 yet h ultimately conf]r$ ! greate/ b5efits ^u mank9d2 & _m ent]prises t h ru9$ ! orig9al und]tak]s h greatly enri*$ _! successors4 ,/ill !re c be no excuse = an eng9e] kn[+ly und]e/imat+ ! co/ ( a "w2 he is und\bt$ly b\nd to make a fair1 hone/ e/imate ( e "w committ$ to 8 *>ge1 s f> z 8 judgm5t goes2 hav+ done t 8 duty is dis*>g$2 no?+ fur!r c be expect$ ( him ?an to see t ! "w entru/$ to 8 c>e is /rictly c>ri$ into effect accord+ to t e/imate4 99 99 99 99 99 ,s9ce ! summ] ( #ahff ,i h done sc>cely any?+4 ,! great crisis & subsequ5t panic t occurr$ at t "t p>alys$ ! comm]cial _w4 ,i consid]$ my advanc+ ye>s 7,i 0 !n sev5ty-two71 & ! great haz>d & unc]ta9ty ( c>ry+ on bus9ess1 & ?\ght x mo/ prud5t to retire4 ,aft] ! h>ass+ & anxi\s life t ,i _h l$ = s _m ye>s1 ,i felt my heal? s %ak5 z to require complete repose4 ,b ,i hope1 if ,god sp>es me1 to be /ill useful to ! pr(ession & my c\ntry1 by complet+ a "w on ! dra9age ( ! f5s & l[l&s ( ,great ,brita91 & hydraulics g5]ally4 ,i also design to write a hi/ory ( eng9e]+1 enl>g$ f my ,address to ! ,in/itution ( ,civil ,eng9e]s1 & a life ( my rev]$ fa!r4 ,all ^! ,i h already sket*$ out1 & ,i hope to complete !m1 if x please ,god to sp>e my life a few ye>s long]4 ,my apology = ! pres5t "w is ?is3 ,i ?9k x is ! duty ( ev]yone :o has l$ an active pr(essional life fai?fully to record ! v>i\s works 9 :i* he has be5 engag$1 ! failures z well z ! successes1 detail+ ! causes ( bo?2 = we frequ5tly le>n m f ! =m] ?an f ! latt]4 ,i believe ,i h 9 ?is book fai?fully done ?is4 ,f unavoidable circum/ances ,i h be5 oblig$ to tru/ entirely to memory :ile writ+ ^! pages1 hav+ be5 totally preclud$ f consult+ notes or memor&a ( any k9d2 ,i hope1 !re=e1 t any inaccuracies t may be detect$ by ! read] w be p>don$1 ?\gh ,i believe t 9 ! ma9 my /atem5ts w be f\nd correct4 ,l o!rs1 ,i h _h to cont5d ) pr(essional jeal\sy2 b ,i believe ,i h on all occasions done ju/ice to my rivals1 & ,i h nev] wilfully attempt$ to injure anyone4 ,naturally ( a v sangu9e temp]am5t1 ,i am b too apt to view ?+s 9 a fav\rable light1 & to judge well ( ^? ) :om ,i come 9 contact2 z a consequ5ce ( ?is ,i h (t5 be5 deceiv$ by ^? 9 :om ,i h plac$ ! greate/ confid5ce4 ,?is sangu9e disposition has be5 ! cause ( _m disappo9tm5ts2 b x has also enabl$ me to be> up successfully aga9/ failure1 & /ill to look =w>d ) hope to ! future4 ,:5ev] a mis=tune has occurr$ ,i h endeav\r$ to =get x z soon z possible2 ,i always call$ to m9d ! words ( ! great ,duke ( ,well+ton1 :o said1 ,!re is no use 9 look+ back & brood+ ov] ! pa/2 =get x1 & apply y\r en]gies to ! future1 & d bett] next "t4 ,?is _m p ei!r _c or w n d2 h5ce !y succumb4 ,d\btless ev]yone has 8 trials1 & "s are mu* bett] able to get ?r\gh !m ?an o!rs2 nev]!less1 a v little reflection w %[ t :at is pa/ _c be help$1 & t by brood+ ov] mis=tune we d no good1 b only wa/e our en]gies & invite failure 9 ev]y?+ else4 ,! motto ( life %\ld be1 ,=w>d6 ,we mu/ expect to be *eck$1 ?w>t$1 & baffl$ 9 our endeav\rs to atta9 success2 b ^! ob/acles1 in/ead ( totally arre/+ our progress1 %\ld s]ve only to increase our en]gy4 ,l a riv]1 imp$$ 9 its c\rse1 9 sil5ce waits till its accumulat$ /r5g? sweeps ! ob/ruction f its pa?1 & x fl[s on maje/ically z be=e--s %\ld we make e difficulty we enc\nt] add to our /r5g?1 in/ead ( increas+ our weakness4 ,nev]!less1 s9ce 8'tis n 9 mortals to comm& success10 we may sometimes /ruggle 9 va92 & =tune ev] aga9/ u1 we may be ov]come at ! la/2 b ev5 !n we h ?is satisfaction--we h f\ght a good fight2 we h done ! be/ we c\ld2 we h done our duty to ! be/ ( our ability1 & t is all t c be requir$ ( u4 ,to d my duty has be5 my endeav\r ?r\gh life2 & probably if ,i _h adh]$ to x m /rictly ,i might h done a great deal bett]4 ,nev]!less1 little z ,i h done1 ,i %\ld n h accompli%$ half s mu* _h ,i n kept t "o object 9 view1 z f> z my physical & m5tal p[]s w\ld p]mit2 & ?is is no small consolation4 ,! old motto1 8,nil desp]&um10 %\ld be con/antly on our lips1 & %\ld act l ! spur on a jad$ /e$4 ,affairs are nev] s bad b !y might h be5 worse1 & !y may g5]ally be m5d$ by en]gy & p]sev]ance1 & a det]m9ation to make ! be/ ( ev]y?+4 ,we may n be able to accompli% all we aspire to a*ieve2 nev]!less by refus+ to yield to mis=tune we %all escape ! reproa* ( c[>dice & fa9!>t$ness4 ,:5 we suff] a defeat1 let u calmly consid] ! cause ( x1 & n9e times out ( t5 we %all f9d t x is ?r\gh our own fault2 ^! lessons ( exp]i5ce %\ld be c>efully laid to he>t1 & s]ve = our future guidance4 ,i h nev] deem$ weal? desirable = m]e p]sonal gratification1 b only 9 s f> z x w\ld h enabl$ me to help o!rs1 to promote ! advancem5t ( sci5ce & ! well-be+ ( my fell[ creatures2 ?is w\ld h conf]r$ ! greate/ happ9ess ^u me1 b x has be5 d5i$ by ! ,almighty ,dispos] ( ev5ts1 & mo/ probably ) ju/ice1 t x might be done bett] by o!r h&s4 ,i !re=e humbly b[ to ! ,almighty's decision2 & if ,i h done ! be/ ,i c\ld 9 ,8 sight1 ,i am amply rew>d$4 ,i1 h[ev]1 mo/ deeply regret t ,i h n done m4 ,i return my mo/ f]v5t ?anks to ! ,almighty t ,he1 out ( ,8 great m]cy1 has all[$ me to d ! little ,i h done2 & ,i mo/ dev\tly hope t ,he ?r\gh ,8 ,son ,jesus ,*ri/ w p>don my %ortcom+s2 & ,i say ) all rev]5ce1 ,bless ! ,"l = all ,8 m]cies6 ,,dawli%1 ,decemb] #i1 #ahfg4 ,,index4 ,ab]de51 #aj1 #ae4 ,acts ( ,p>liam5t1 #g1 #aei1 #aii1 #bjj1 #bjd1 #bje1 #bjh1 #bji1 #bab1 #bbc1 #bch1 #cii1 #dje4 ,adv5tures 9 ,greece1 #ajb4 ,adv5tures 9 ,portugal1 #ceb4 ,adv5tures 9 ,spa91 #bff1 #bfi1 #bgc4 g9a1 #gh4 ,africa an isl&1 #ada4 ,aga1 a ,turki%1 #aah1 #abj1 #aca4 ,aiasolok1 #aad4 ,albion fl\r mills1 #bhf4 ,ald]son1 ,b>on1 #bch4 ,alex&ria1 #aca4 ,alpheus1 riv]1 #ih4 ,an*olme level1 #bbd4 ,ancona1 #dd1 #df4 ,antip>os1 #ajg4 ,antw]p1 #bi4 ,apollo1 temple (1 #aai4 ,approa*es1 ,london ,bridge1 #ahc-ahh1 #aig4 ,aqu$ucts1 #cbe1 #cfi4 ,ar*es1 #f1 #bb1 #be1 #cb1 #aej1 #agc1 #agh-ahj1 #ahi1 #bge4 ,ardres1 #bg4 ,argos1 #hb4 ,ass\an1 #add4 ,a/oni%+ ! natives1 #ff4 ,a!num ,club1 #bej4 ,a!ns1 #gc1 #ajd4 ,a!ns1 ,maid (1 #aje4 ,atmosph]ic railway1 #dba4 ,atreus1 hall (1 #ha4 ,au/ria1 #bgi4 ,bad51 #bhb4 ,bairam1 !1 #abd4 ,baird1 ,mr41 #bed4 ,balloon1 #aij4 ,bangor ,susp5sion ,bridge1 #bdd4 ,banks1 ,sir ,joseph1 #bdh4 ,b> at ,portsm\? ,h>b\r1 #daa4 ,b>celona1 #bgd4 ,b>ri] banks1 #baf4 ,b>r[1 ,sir ,john1 #bdi4 ,b$=d1 ,duke (1 #aii1 #bjb1 #bje4 ,b$=d level1 !1 #aeh4 ,belem1 #cbd1 #cbf4 ,belgium1 #bf4 ,b5*+1 #afg4 ,b5t9ck1 ,"l ,george1 #bjh4 ,b5t9ck1 ,"l ,william1 #bjg1 #bjh4 ,b]ne1 #cg4 ,bessem]1 #bcc4 ,bevel&1 ,/41 #cag1 #cba4 ,bey ( ,tunis1 #cgc4 ,bitt] lakes1 #aci4 ,blackett1 #bcd4 ,black ,sluice ,commission]s1 #bba4 ,blackwall ,railway1 #bic4 ,bla/-pipe1 #bdc1 note4 ,bl5k9sop1 #bcc4 ,boats1 bridge (1 #abi4 ,boil]1 multitubul>1 #bdb4 ,bo/on ,corporation1 #bai4 ,boswell1 ,capta91 #cc4 ,b\lton1 #bcc1 #dac4 ,b\yukd]1 #abf4 ,bradley1 ,dr41 #e1 #ca4 ,brad%aw1 ,mr41 #bcg4 ,braga1 #cfd4 ,bramley fall1 #agg4 ,breakwat]s1 #afe1 #cig1 #daj4 ,breakwat]s1 natural1 #dbg4 ,bridges1 #f1 #g1 #bb1 #bg1 #cj1 #cg1 #dj1 #abi1 #aej1 #ahj1 #bge4 ,bridges1 susp5sion1 #bdd4 ,bridgewat] ,canal1 #bcf1 #bcg4 ,brig&s1 #ed1 #ee1 #fi1 #ib1 #bfg4 ,br9disi1 #eg4 ,br9dley1 #bcg4 ,bri/ol & ,*ep/[ ,railway1 #bii4 #8,briti% & ,=eign ,h>b\rs1' #bj1 #ge1 #gh1 #aih1 #cfg1 #dae4 ,brooke1 ,sir ,ar?ur de ,capel1 #bdh4 ,bron/$1 ,*evali]1 #fa4 ,br\ssa1 #aba4 ,br[n1 ,mr4 ,james1 #bij4 ,bruges1 #bi4 ,brunel1 #bci4 ,brussels1 #bh4 ,buck5%aw1 #bda4 ,bull fight1 #cbi4 ,burge1 ,mr41 #cja1 #caj1 #cdd4 ,burney1 ,dr41 #c4 ,bus9ess1 introduction to1 #d4 ,byron1 ,"l1 #hg4 ,cadiz1 #bfd4 ,cairo1 #acb4 ,calamata1 #hg1 #if4 ,canals1 #ci1 #acb1 #ach1 #bcg1 #bdd1 #bfa1 #bhd1 #cjh4 ,canova1 #dh4 ,cannock ,*ase ,railway1 #bif4 ,c>diff docks1 #cfg4 ,c>li/s1 #bfd1 #bfi1 #bga1 #bgc1 #bge4 ,c>r>a1 #aea4 ,c>?age1 #cfi4 ,c>twright1 ,g5]al1 #abc4 ,ca/-iron dock gates1 #afe4 ,ca/-iron rails1 #bbh1 #bdj4 ,cat*wat] dra9s1 #eb1 #bai1 #bbf1 #bdj4 ,c5tral ,k5t ,railway1 #cjj4 ,*rona1 lion (1 #aja4 ,*apman1 ,william1 #bdc4 ,*>les ,,xv4 ( ,sw$51 #cjh4 ,*a?am dry dock1 #bb1 #afe1 #daj4 ,*atmoss1 #bch4 ,*ol]a1 #bgj1 #bgh4 #8,*ronicles ( ,old ,london ,bridge1' #aic4 ,*ur*1 ,g5]al1 #ed4 ,civil ,eng9e]s1 ,in/itute (1 #dbh4 ,civita ,vec*ia1 #df4 ,cl>5ce ,y>d1 ,portsm\?1 #df4 ,cleopatra's ne$le1 #acc1 #ade4 ,coal tax1 #ahd1 #aif4 ,cobd51 ,mr41 #bii4 ,c(f]dams1 #age1 #dji4 ,cog-:eels1 #bca1 #bcc4 ,coimbra1 #cdg4 ,commission]s1 ,eau ,br9k1 #aeh4 ,conduits1 #abg4 ,conolly1 #beb4 ,cons]vators ( ! ,?ames1 #g4 ,consort1 ! late ,pr9ce1 #bjh1 #ceh4 ,con/ant9ople1 #abb1 #abf4 ,cont95t1 t\rs on !1 #bf-cj1 #cf-aed1 #beb-bhc1 #cjd-cii4 ,conv5ts1 #fh1 #gg1 #hb1 #ii1 #ajd1 #bgd1 #bge1 #ccj1 #cfd4 ,conway ,susp5sion ,bridge1 #bdd4 ,copel& ,isl&s1 #ah1 #ai4 ,cop5hag51 #cad4 ,copais1 lake1 #aja4 ,coquet riv]1 #bia4 ,corfu1 #eg4 ,cor9?1 #ga4 ,corni% high-pressure eng9es1 #dac4 ,corporation ( ,london1 #g1 #agc1 #agd1 #ahb4 ,coronation 9 ,lisbon1 #cda4 ,cort1 ,mr41 #bcc4 ,crampton & ,morris1 #cja4 ,crok]1 ,john ,wilson1 #aef1 #aeh1 #aie1 #bej4 ,cron/adt1 #beg4 ,cross ,keys bridge1 #bjd4 ,dag5ham lake1 #djc4 ,danube1 #cgg4 ,daunemora1 #cje4 ,davy1 ,sir ,h41 #ca1 #dh1 #bdh1 #bej4 ,dea? ( ,mr4 ,r5nie1 ,s541 #aee4 ,demetrius1 #fd1 #add4 ,d5v] ,sluice1 #aih1 #aii4 ,dept=d ,docky>d1 #ba1 #bb4 ,div+ bell1 #afb1 #bhf1 #dji4 ,docks1 #beg1 #djc1 #ddb-dde4 ,dog1 anecdote (1 #ci1 note4 ,donaghadee1 #ai1 #aih1 #dae4 ,donaldson1 ,pr(essor1 #aac4 ,d[nie1 ,colonel1 #bga4 ,dra9age1 #ea1 #aii1 #dba1 #dbb1 #dch4 ,durham1 ,e>l (1 #bib4 ,dut* sy/em ( embank+1 #bag1 #cah4 ,duty on /one1 #cd4 ,ea/]n ,c\nties ,railway1 #bic4 ,eau ,br9k ,commission]s1 #aeh1 #aii1 #bab4 ,eau ,br9k dra9age1 #aih1 #cji4 ,edf\1 temple (1 #acf4 ,edge rails1 #bdj4 ,education = ,civil ,eng9e]1 #dcc-dee4 ,egypt1 #acc4 ,elvas1 #cea4 ,embankm5ts1 #acb1 #adj1 #bad-bah1 #ddf4 ,embankm5t1 ,?ames1 #aib1 #aif4 ,eng9e]+ works1 #djg-dbf4 ,eng9e]s1 #bid1 #dbh1 #dca1 #dcc4 ,eng9e]s1 ,dut*1 #cbc4 ,eng9e] to ! ,admiralty1 #aeh4 ,eng9es 7see ,locomotives1 ,/eam eng9es74 ,eng9es1 cond5s+1 #aga4 ,eng9es1 high-pressure1 #aga1 #bcj4 ,ephesus1 ru9s (1 #aad4 ,epidauros1 #gi4 ,e/imat+1 #ded4 ,e/remoz1 #cej4 ,evaporation1 #adb4 ,ev]e/1 ,sir ,george1 #c4 ,evid5ce be=e ,p>liam5t>y committee1 #ahe4 ,exet]1 ,m>quis (1 #bih4 ,exhibition1 ,int]national1 #cha4 ,f5s1 dra9age ( !1 #aii4 ,f]guson1 ,mr4 ,james1 #af4 ,f]n&o1 ,dom1 #cbe4 ,field ( ! ,clo? 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