,transcrib$ f ! #ahej ,william ,pick]+ edition by ,david ,price1 email ccx#jgdpglaf4org ,picture3 ,pamphlet cov] ,a ,,lett] ,,to ,,! ,,rev4 ,,william ,,maskell1 ,a4,m4 ,,by ,,! ,,rev4 ,,may[ ,,wynell ,,may[1 ,a4,m4 ,,vic> ,,( ,,m>ket ,,lav+ton1 ,,wilts1 ,,& ,,late ,,/ud5t ,,( ,,*ri/ ,,*ur*1 ,,ox=d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,h[ ,,f> ,,! ,,judicial ,,committee ,,( ,,! ,,privy ,,c\ncil ,,commits ,,! ,,*ur* ,,( ,,engl& ,,by ,,its ,,decision1 ,,ev5 ,,all[+ ,,x ,,to ,,h ,,jurisdiction ,,9 ,,po9ts ,,( ,,doctr9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,second ,edition4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,london3 ,,william ,,pick]+4 #ahej4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,my ,,de> ,,maskell1 ,,9 ^! 8la/ days10 9 :i* 8p]il\s times0 h 8come10 x seems a duty1 to be some:at less nice & scrupul\s z to any *>ge ( presumption or lack ( mode/y to :i* a man may lay himself op5 by mak+ kn[n 8 ?\ghts ^u ! great matt]s :i* n[ agitate u1 ?an w\ld be ! case at ano!r "t4 ,"o ^: "n w add no weight to any ?+ he may say1 might well %r9k "u ord9>y circum/ances f comm5t+ ^u y\r rec5t lett]1 & appe>1 ev5 to himself1 ov]-bold 9 suppos+ he c add any ?+ to ! views !re9 exp\nd$4 ,b ! v pa9 ) :i* we approa* ^! topics is "s w>rant to express our ?\ghts2 inasmu* z x is1 ,i ?9k1 some?+ ( a gu>antee t :atev] is said1 w be1 at any rate1 n said lightly4 ,mo/ he>tily d ,i desire to adopt & e*o y\r words 8t ! enquiry on :i* we are all engag$ is f> too great to admit ( any p]sonal consid]ation2 & our aim is n to w9 a victory1 or to prove t we ourselves are 9 ! "r1 b to discov] ! tru?1 & po9t x out to o!rs40 ,if !n ,i imag9e a l9e ( argum5t t5d+ to elucidate ?is tru?1 has be5 p>tially ov]look$ 9 ! expression ( y\r views1 ,i tru/ ,i %all /& excus$1 bo? by y\rself & any o!rs :o may read ?is lett]1 f ! *>ge ( a too great boldness 9 writ+ x4 ,! crisis & exig5ce ( ! "t is1 z x appe>s to me1 too great to all[ u to /& ^u niceties1 or p]mit any ?+ to be kept back :i* may ev5 by possibility be f\nd ( s]vice 9 indicat+ ! l9e ( duty4 ,let me1 h[ev]1 "h say 9 ! v outset1 ,i am n by any means ab\t to attempt an answ] to y\r lett]2 a task = :i* ,i am1 9 ! fir/ place1 n qualifi$1 & 9 ! second place1 n dispos$4 ,i feel ! difficulties y br+ =w>d too mu* myself to be prep>$ to ignore !m1 ?\gh ,i w n say ,i g ) y 9 ! :ole ( ! positions y are conc]n$ to e/abli%4 ,b x is became ,i feel ! pressure ( _m ( !m s /rongly2 because1 mu* z ! names ( ,mr4 ,keble & ( _m :o take ! same l9e ( argum5t ) him1 are to be rev]$1 nev]!less1 ,i am at a loss to make up my m9d t !y h e/abli%$ an unassailable position 9 d5y+ ! compet5cy & au?ority ( ! c\rt ( ! ,committee ( ,privy ,c\ncil1 t ,i am ! m anxi\s to say a few words ^u "o po9t :i* appe>s to me to h escap$ y\r notice4 ,let me come at once to ?is po9t3 & to d s ,i _c1 p]haps1 proce$ m conv5i5tly ?an by mak+ a quotation f y\r lett]4 ,at page #ed1 y say3--8,no d\bt ?is c\rt10 7,! ,judicial ,committee ( ,privy ,c\ncil17 8nor any o!r c\rt _c make canons3 b1 z has be5 be=e said1 ?is is a "q1 n ( new canons & =mul>ies1 b ( ! "r con/ruction ( old ones4 ,n[1 9 su* a cause1 ei!r ! c\rt ( ! ,judicial ,committee has au?ority or x has n3 4 4 4 ,if !n ! decision ( ! c\rt is to be li/5$ to at all1 x is n easy to discov] h[ "o w be able to draw di/9ctions1 & place limitations ^u ! ext5t to :i* x rea*es4 ,!re seems to be no middle way betwe5 accept+ & act+ ^u x1 & repudiat+ x altoge!r z if x _h nev] exi/$4 ,i mean1 repudiat+ x 9 e o!r respect ?an 9 ! "o po9t1 comp>atively unimportant & trivial1 ( ! in/itution ( a c]ta9 p]son to a c]ta9 b5efice40 ,y say1 x is n easy to discov] a middle way4 ,i w\ld hope1 ?\gh n easy1 x may be n impossible4 ,let me h[ev] "h1 & 9 ! fir/ place1 cle> myself f any suspicion1 if y %\ld be incl9$ to atta* x to me1 t ,i am ab\t to seek a middle c\rse by s(t5+ ! am\nt ( error conta9$ 9 a d5ial ( ! exclusive doctr9e ( reg5]ation 9 baptism4 ,let me n be deem$ guilty1 ev5 9 ?\ght1 ( d\bt+ t su* d5ial is a d5ial ( ! 8"o baptism = ! remission ( s9s10 & is absolute unmitigat$ h]esy2 be+ su* z w\ld h %ut out any ,*ur* p]mitt+ its pr(ession1 f ! communion ( ,*ri/5dom 9 ! primitive ages2 su* z no ,*ur* c ma9ta91 & rema9 a liv+ bran* ( ! "o ,body ( ,*ri/4 ,i ca/ to ! w9ds & repudiate ) all my s\l1 t spuri\s *>ity ( our day1 :i* w\ld seek to 8please m50 at ! exp5se ( ,god's tru?2 :i* w\ld recomm5d ! ,gospel by d5y+ ! ,fai?2 :i* w\ld r5d] x m popul> or palatable1 by expla9+ away ! ,cre$s2 & all1 to be able to include ! m )9 ! ,*ur*'s pale1 "u ! plea ( an ext5d$ usefulness4 ,su* lib]ality 7) :at is n our own to give17 is1 9 my e/imation1 a giv+ away ,god's hon\r1 & s1 m]e & absolute treason aga9/ ,,him3 !re=e is a giv+ away our place 9 ,8 ,*ur*1 & a blott+ out x's "n f ! book ( life4 ,let me expla9 fur!r3 t 9 :at ,i am ab\t to write1 ,i am go+ to admit1 at any rate = ! sake ( argum5t1 ! au?ority & jurisdiction ( ! ,committee ( ,c\ncil z a tribunal 9 ?is case4 ,i may1 & inde$ d ?9k1 t 9 y\r lett]1 y h all[$ too little = ! difficulty 9 :i* ! ,*ur* has be5 plac$ z to mak+ h] voice he>d3 too little !re=e to ! circum/ances :i* h hi!rto trammell$ h]1 z acc\nt+ = & excus+ h] sil5ce1 especially 9 lat] times3 z = example 9 ! *anges made 9 #ahcb1 & p]haps 9 o!r in/ances4 ,/ill ,i am n conc]n$ 9 :at ,i am ab\t to write to controv]t y\r positions on ?is matt]1 because = ! pres5t purpose ( my argum5t ,i am go+ to admit ! compet5cy1 i4e4 ! au?ority z di/9ct ( c\rse f ! fitness1 ( ?is tribunal to try ! issue1 betwe5 ,mr4 ,gorham & ! ,bi%op ( ,exet]4 ,/ill1 z x seems to me1 bo? ^! po9ts may be conc$$3 fir/ t ! c\rt is suffici5t3 & secondly1 t to d5y unconditional reg5]ation 9 ! case ( infants1 is h]esy2 & yet1 x may be reasonably ma9ta9$1 t :atev] ! decision 9 ?is trial %all be1 ,! ,*ur* ( ,engl& may n /& committ$ to h]esy !reby4 ,no d\bt1 at fir/ sight ?is w appe> a p>adox2 & ! int]pret] ! h>d] to be und]/ood ( ! two1 9 ?us imag9+ x n impossible to f9d a middle way betwe5 8accept+ & act+ ^u ?is c\rt's decision1 & repudiat+ x altoge!r z if x _h nev] exi/$40 ,b ,i mean1 n impossible to f9d a po9t ( view1 reg>d+ ! tribunal f :i*1 we may be able ju/ly & reasonably to all[ x's compet5cy = ! pres5t judgm5t on doctr9e1 & yet to repudiate1 n exactly ! decision itself1 b ! effect ( x z committ+ ! ,*ur* at l>ge3 repudiate x1 9 y\r own words1 89 e o!r respect1 b ! "o po9t comp>atively unimportant & trivial ( ! in/itution ( a c]ta9 p]son to a c]ta9 b5efice40 ,n[ ! only po/ulate ,i ask = ?is conclusion1 is1 t ! ,*ur* %all n1 & _c1 /& committ$ to h]esy )\t pro( t h] crime is some?+ n accid5tal1 b wilful & delib]ate2 some?+ m ?an a mi/ake1 :i* %e is ready & will+ to cle> up ! mom5t opportunity is giv5 h] to d s4 ,9 %ort t z a man is n a li>1 )\t ! int5tion to deceive2 s a ,*ur* is n h]etical1 unless ! animus ( h]esy be prov$ aga9/ h]4 ,if y w conc$e me ?us mu*1 ,i ?9k ,i may be able to %ew t !re is a middle c\rse betwe5 d5y+ ! jurisdiction ( ! ,c\rt1 & admitt+ ! weight ev5 if ,i all[ ! ju/ness1 ( ! s5t5ce3 t is to say1 ! s5t5ce may be su* z "u ! circum/ances1 ! judges 7 b\nd to give1 7,i am n conc$+ b suppos+ ?is37 & x may !re=e c>ry ! conclusion t ! ,*ur*'s =mul>ies on ! subject 9 "q are indi/9ct2 /ill )\t prov+ also t ! ,*ur* ev] int5d$ !m to be s2 & !re=e )\t af=d+ gr\nd to say t1 ?\gh h] words are ambigu\s1 h] he>t & m9d h ev] be5 h]etical4 ,( c\rse ^u ! /r5g? ( ! s5t5ce1 if ?us giv51 ,mr4 ,gorham w\ld ga9 8 in/itution2 b ,i say aga91 ,i d n ?9k ! ,*ur* w\ld be committ$ to 8 h]esy4 ,let u consid] aga91 :at x is precisely :i* ! judicial ,committee ( ,c\ncil are ab\t to d4 #h ,x _c be /at$ m entirely accord+ to my s5se1 ?an 9 y\r own words4 ,y say 7page #g7 8,! "q is "o simply ( int]pretation ( ! ,law ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& 4 4 4 ,x is n a "q ( :at is 9 itself true or untrue1 agreeable or n agreeable to ! ,holy ,scriptures1 b solely :e!r a c]ta9 doctr9e has or has n be5 cle>ly def9$ to ! exclusion ( "s o!r /atem5t ab\t ! same doctr9e1 :i* w\ld seem to d5y x or expla9 x away40 ,aga9 9 ! passage already quot$ 7p4 #ed7 8,?is is a "q n ( new canons & =mul>ies1 b ( ! "r con/ruction ( old ones40 ,!n if ?is be s3 ?\gh ! ,decision %\ld affirm :at %all be 9 its =m1 h]esy1 may !re n /ill be a limitation z to its effect3 r p]haps ,i %\ld say1 a susp5sion ( ! actual h]esy altoge!r until "s fur!r condition %all be fulfill$ to give x life3 t is to say1 ?\gh ! decision may affirm t ! =mul>ies ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& d n s cle>ly def9e ! fai? on ?is po9t1 z to preclude ! words admitt+ an unca?olic1 nay an h]etical int]pretation1 does x foll[ t ! animus ( ! ,*ur* is !re=e ev5 9 ! lea/ degree %[n to desire or int5d to tea* su* error1 nay ev5 to all[ x to be taught2 & if !re be no h]etical animus1 c ,%e be pron\nc$ h]self to h incurr$ ! guilt ( h]esy8 ,i answ]1 7& ,i hope safely7 to bo? que/ions2 ,no6 because all t w be br\ght out1 ev5 9 ! ev5t ( ! decision ( ! c\rt ( appeal be+ to rev]se ! judgm5t ( ! c\rt bel[1 w be m]ely t !re is an ambiguity ( language1 9 ! docum5ts on :i* t c\rt _h to f\nd its judgm5t2 & ?is1 an ambiguity1 x may be1 un9t5tional on ! "p ( ! ,*ur*1 ?\gh really inh]5t 9 ! word+ ( h] =mul>ies1 act+ !re=e imp]atively on ! judges 9 ! case 7if s17 & oblig+ !m to give a decision su* z %all leave ! po9t at issue1 an op5 "q4 ,let me be well und]/ood4 ,if su* ambiguity ( language be int5tional on ! "p ( ! ,*ur*2 if %e c be prov$ to h desir$ 9 draw+ up h] articles & s]vices to admit two int]pretations on baptismal reg5]ation3 if x be h] view & plan to include two su* opposite p>ties )9 h] z ^? repres5t$ by ,mr4 ,gorham & ! ,bi%op ( ,exet]1 by su* ambigu\s1 & !re=e compreh5sive language1 ,i mo/ fully admit %e /&s convict$ ( unpalliat$ h]esy bo? 9 =m & matt]4 ,b if x be lawful )\t viol5ce to reason or consci5ce to believe %e _h no su* view1 b meant to ass]t ! und\bt$ anci5t ca?olic fai? on baptism1 ,i d n ?9k we are b\nd to make h] answ]able1 z if %e _h kn[+ly & wilfully ass5t$ to unca?olic doctr9e1 ?\gh z x turns out 7if s x be7 ! word+ ( h] =mul>ies is inadv]t5tly insuffici5t to protect ! "o tru?4 ,i _c b ?9k t ?\gh ! mis=tune ( su* inadv]t5ce is n to be d5i$1 its guilt9ess is n lightly to be admitt$2 & t we are b\nd 9 all reason1 7& ,i am sure if s1 9 consci5ce & loyalty7 n to consid] h] *a9$ by su* ambigu\s language to ! d5ial ( ,god's tru?1 & ! ca?olic fai?4 ,) reg>d !n to ! animus 9 "q4 ,surely 9 ! fir/ place we may say ?is2 t x is n settl$ adv]sely to s\nd doctr9e1 because n involv$ 91 ?is decision itself1 :atev] x may be4 ,! ,judges 9 ! pres5t trial w\ld ,i imag9e1 ev5 ?\gh us+ to guide !m 9 _! judgm5t contempor>y docum5ts1 & ev5 contempor>y op9ions to elucidate ! language ( ! =mul>ies1 yet !mselves admit1 t to decide ! animus ) :i* ^? =mul>ies 7 orig9ally drawn up1 is beside ! po9t !y h _h to try3 t x suffices = !m to decl>e ! ambiguity if !y f9d x 9 ! words2 b t x is =eign to ! matt] 9 h& to settle :e!r su* ambiguity be accid5tal or int5tional4 ,( c\rse ,i am n say+ !y w\ld d5y ! int5tion ( compreh5siv5ess4 ,on ! contr>y !y w\ld probably appe> z a matt] ( c\rse to inf] x2 & may ev5 make m5tion ( :at !y suppose ! int5tion ( ! ,*ur* to h be53 b /ill !y w n rule ! animus1 z a "p ( _! judgm5t4 ,z to m]e legal consequ5ces inde$1 ,i presume !y w necess>ily s f> imply ! int5tion to h be5 accord+ to ! judgm5t !y deliv]1 z fully to give ! b5efit ( _! con/ruction to ! appellant 9 ! cause3 b yet ?is int5tion is to be di/+ui%$1 z a diff]5t po9t f any :i* !y h _h to try1 :i* has surely be5 m]ely :at is 9 ! words ( ! =mul>ies1 n h[ x came to be !re4 ,b ev5 %\ld ! c\rt proce$ s f> z to say x gives its judgm5t on ! latitud9>ian side1 expressly on ! gr\nd t x believes ! ,*ur* 9 draw+ up h] =mul>ies int5d$ su* compreh5sion1 ev5 t decl>ation w\ld h no judicial au?ority to impose itself on any man z ! tru?4 ,! gr\nds ( a judge's s5t5ce are a diff]5t ?+ f ! s5t5ce itself2 &1 ,i ?9k all ^? 8le>n$ 9 ! law0 w be> me out 9 say+1 =m no "p ( x4 ,x is n an impossible nor an unhe>d ( case = a judge to give a "r judgm5t1 yet ^u wrong gr\nds4 ,! gr\nds are m]ely 8 op9ion :i* *all5ge no au?ority beyond _! intr9sic weight1 & :i* any man may canvas2 ! judgem5t is au?oritative1 & ( c\rse 9 a c\rt f :i* !re is no appeal1 is assum$ ex necessitate rei1 to be s\nd4 ,let u !n next proce$ ) "o or two consid]ations :i* may be ( s]vice 9 det]m9+ = ourselves :at animus we %all attribute to ! ,*ur* 9 draw+ up ^? ( h] =mul>ies :i* be> ^u ! doctr9e ( baptism4 ,a po9t ( great weight surely is ?is3--t !y are 7ev5 if really ambigu\s :5 subject$ to ! se>*+ eyes & acute m9ds ( ! mo/ subtle lawy]s3 ,i use ! ^w 9 no ill s5se2 yet7 to all ord9>y m51 & ord9>y unbiass$ m9ds1 s cle>ly on ! ca?olic side1 & s pla9ly to su* m9ds convey no?+ b ! anci5t doctr9e ( reg5]ation 9 baptism1 t x is mu* m easy & natural to believe ! ,*ur* nev] contemplat$ ! ambiguity ?an t %e did4 ,let x be rememb]$ too t if n[ on ! pres5t appeal1 ! six em95t law (fic]s :o h he>d ! case d decide = ! ambiguity1 yet1 s indi/9ctly is ?is ambiguity itself disc]nible1 t n m]ely ord9>y m51 b "o ( ! able/ & p]haps ! mo/ practis$ ecclesia/ical lawy] ( our day1 _h no d\bt or hesitation on 8 m9d :5 ! case 0 argu$ be=e him z ! ,ar*bi%op's judge ( doctr9e 9 ! c\rt ( ,ar*es1 t x did n exi/2 t !re 0 no su* approa* ev5 to ambigu\s language z to make him h rec\rse to extrane\s comm5t to guide him1 or cause him to give 9 ! v slighte/ degree a d\btful judgm5t2 b on ! contr>y1 ?\ght !re 0 no s5se to be put ^u ! ,*ur*'s /atem5ts on ?is subject b ! "o ca?olic doctr9e1 :i*1 a priori1 we %\ld suppose %e w\ld enunciate4 ,take ) ^! g5]al consid]ations ! p>ticul> circum/ance t if we ass]t ! ambigu\s animus1 we mu/ suppose ! ,*ur*1 n only 9 fact to h inadv]t5tly qualifi$ words naturally c>ry+ ! ca?olic mean+2 b s to h int5d$ to qualify !m1 t :5 %e says 8see+ ?is *ild is reg5]ate10 %e meant 8see+ he is n reg5]ate10 or1 at ! lea/1 8see+ ,i h no reason to believe he is reg5]ate10 & %all we n h a suffici5t case to prev5t our feel+ compell$ to 8?9k0 t 8evil10 t ! ,*ur* _h a d\ble m9d4 ,to me1 at lea/ ^! ?\ghts br+ home a satisfactory conviction t x is mu* m likely ! ,*ur* h]self has be5 ignorant ( ambiguity1 & did n mean to be indef9ite1 ?an t %e purposely drew up h] articles & s]vices1 ) m]ely su* a subtle & almo/ imp]ceptible residuum ( d\btful words t x appe>s a m]e *ance1 "u a peculi> comb9ation ( circum/ances t x ev] comes to ! light at all3 t %e s speci\sly conceal$ h] own desire to include a second mean+1 t tak5 89 h] own craft9ess0 %e deceiv$ ,sir ,h]b]t ,j5n] ,fu/1 s t ev5 :5 h] words 7 mo/ elaborately sift$ by him1 ?is hidd5 s5se escap$ 8 obs]vation2 & is only n[ at la/ made manife/ ^u ! mo/ lab\r$ & m9ute inve/igation 9 ano!r c\rt1 :]e x is n too mu* to say !re has be5 e inducem5t to ! le>n$ judges compos+ x to split hairs1 & f9d an ambiguity if by possibility !y c\ld4 ,i say ?is n z impea*+ ! imp>tiality ( ! tribunal1 b yet z wor?y ( note by any1 :o kn[+ :at human nature is1 w\ld rightly weigh ! circum/ances ( ?is decision be=e draw+ fur!r inf]5ces f x4 ,if ,i am at all correct 9 ! argum5t ,i h attempt$ to draw out1 t decision1 if 9 ,mr4 ,gorham's fav\r1 w decide ! ambigu\s language ( ! =mul>ies1 & no?+ m4 ,ab/ract !n y\r m9d f ! pres5t judgm5t1 & :at w y say is ! animus ( ! ,*ur*8 ,w x n be ! same z h]et(ore2 & t our e/imation ( our ,*ur*'s s\ndness 9 ! fai? is z yet un%ak58 ,= %\ld we1 ,i boldly ask1 judge t any fri5d ( ours int5d$ an indirectness or d\ble deal+ by u ^u no bett] evid5ce8 ,%\ld y s judge me1 or ,i y1 9 any circum/ances be>+ ev5 a di/ant analogy to ^!8 & if n1 h[ ?us judge our "m1 :o has borne u unto ,*ri/8 ,an illu/ration f secul> affairs may p]haps make my mean+ 9 all ?is cle>]1 &1 z x happ5s1 !re is "o made ready to our h&4 ,we all rememb] ! act ( ,"l ,a%ley & ! late ,mr4 ,field51 to prohibit ! lab\r ( "y p]sons 9 factories1 = m ?an t5 h\rs a day4 ,x 0 drawn up1 no d\bt1 to ! be/ ( _! ability to atta9 ?is object3 to give p]sons "u a specifi$ age1 re/ & cessation f lab\r aft] t5 h\rs at ! mill4 ,b z we well "k likewise1 an int]pretation ( ! act grew into use among ! mill-own]s1 by :i* !y work$ _! factories twelve or fifte5 h\rs a day1 us+ ! lab\rs ( ! y\ng] p]sons employ$ by relays2 s t ?\gh no "o ( !m 0 actually at "w m ?an ! t5 h\rs1 ! object ( ! bill 0 fru/rat$1 if x 7 to secure _! be+ dismiss$ to _! homes aft] s _m h\rs at ! mill4 ,! re/+ !m an h\r1 or two h\rs1 9 ! middle ( ! day1 :il/ o!rs took _! place1 to be also re/$ = ! same "t1 at ano!r p]iod1 did n secure to ^? "y p]sons :at 0 at any rate suppos$ to be ! humane object ( ! fram]s ( ! bill1 & ! legislature :i* pass$ x2 a return to _! homes at su* a reasonably e>ly h\r z might af=d "s "t = relaxation1 & "s opportunity = m5tal cultivation4 ,?is usage h[ev] ( ! mill-own]s did n pass unque/ion$1 & a case involv+ ! pr9ciple ( x1 0 fir/ he>d be=e an inf]ior tribunal1 &1 ! decision be+ giv5 !re ,i ?9k1 aga9/ ! legality ( ! sy/em ( relays1 0 br\ght aft]w>ds by appeal be=e ! ,b>ons ( ! ,ex*equ]4 ,! jurisdiction1 obs]ve1 ( ?is c\rt 0 beyond all "q1 & x appli$ itself to ! decision ( ! case4 ,( c\rse1 7exactly z 9 ! ,gorham cause be=e ! ,privy ,c\ncil17 ! matt] 9 h& 0 simply a "q ( ! int]pretation ( ! act ( p>liam5t4 ,! judges _h no?+ to d ) :i* arrangem5t might be mo/ humane1 nor ev5 ) :i* !y imag9$ to be mo/ accordant ) ! m9d ( p>liam5t 9 pass+ ! act1 if ! act itself 7 cle> to _! und]/&+4 ,!y mo/ prop]ly conf9$ !mselves to ! t]ms ( ! act1 & to ! det]m9ation ( ?is po9t1 :e!r x exclud$ ! work+ by relays or n4 ,x might be1 7z has be5 /rongly ass]t$17 p]fectly true1 t to p]mit t sy/em1 fru/rat$ 9 great measure1 if n :olly1 ! attempt to bett] ! condition ( ^? "y p]sons2 b h[ev] true1 x 0 no?+ to ! purpose4 ,& ^? judges1 z ! ev5t %ew$ did come to ! conclusion t ! t]ms 9 :i* ! act 0 c\*$ 7 n suffici5t to make ! sy/em :i* _h be5 us$1 illegal3 & !re=e judgm5t w5t 9 fav\r ( ! mill-own]s4 ,n[ let x be grant$ t ?is1 9 its effect1 de/roys ! bill z a measure ( humanity3 t s to legislate is 9 fact cruelty1 :atev] ! int5tion ( ! act may h be54 ,b %all we on ?is acc\nt blame ! judges 9 ! case8 ,assur$ly n2 !y h b done _! necess>y duty 9 int]pretation4 ,%all we say ! c\rt 0 n compet5t1 or ! decision n b9d+1 or 9 any way attempt to resi/ its legal effect8 ,assur$ly n2 or we ov]?r[ all pr9ciples ( law & ord]4 ,nev]!less %all we say t ?is judgm5t convicts ( cruelty or d\ble deal+ ! fram]s ( ! measure1 or ! p>liam5t :i* pass$ x8 ,assur$ly n2 because x is mu* easi]2 mu* m accordant ) common s5se & exp]i5ce2 mu* m agreeable to *>ity & reason1 to believe t ! subtleties ( language introduc$ an un9t5tional ambiguity1 :i* ! judge's eye 0 oblig$ to se>* out & judicially recognize1 ?an to believe t ,mr4 ,field51 or ,"l ,a%ley1 or ev5 p>liam5t at l>ge1 :5 !y pr(ess$ to relieve "y p]sons work+ 9 factories1 int5d$ to 8palt] ) !m 9 a d\ble s5se & keep ! ^w ( promise to ! e> b break x to ! hope40 ,does any "o !n1 ,i ask aga91 n[ feel ju/ifi$ 9 *>g+ ^? p>ties ) cruelty1 ^: bill is nev]!less f\nd capable ( a cruel work+4 ,d we *>ge !m ) ! int5tion ( su* ambiguity1 & su* consequ5ces1 ?\gh !y are f\nd bo? to exi/ 9 ! act ( p>liam5t8 ,d we inf] ! animus f ! word+1 & say t su* z ! bill is practically1 su* mu/ h be5 ! int5tion ( its fram]s8 ,! application is s obvi\s1 ,i fe> to be t$i\s 9 draw+ x out ev] s briefly4 ,b1 = ,p>liam5t read1 ,*ur*2 = ,! ,t5 ,h\r ,factory ,bill1 read ,! ,=mul>ies be>+ ^u ,baptism2 = ,d\bl$eal+ & ,cruelty read ,false ,doctr9e & ,h]esy3 & if 9 bo? cases1 !re be an ambiguity1 & yet we *>ge no su* d\ble-deal+ or cruelty on ! "o1 z believ+ no su* animus exi/$1 or ne$ be suspect$ 9 ! p>ties :o fram$ ! "o docum5t1 may we n equally acquit ( false doctr9e or h]esy ^? :o drew up ! o!rs because1 ?\gh ^! may p]*ance be lat5t 9 ! word+ ( !m1 no su* animus is %[n1 or ne$ be suspect$ 9 _! au?ors3 i4e4 ! ,*ur* :i* has sanction$ & us$ !m4 ,!re is ano!r po9t 9 ?is analogy :i* w c>ry u a /ep fur!r1 & 9 a mo/ practical direction4 ,if ! legislature n[1 kn[+ all ^! circum/ances1 & hav+ ! p[] to correct ! error1 if s x reg>d t to :i* ! ambigu\s or c>eless word+ ( ! ,act ( ,p>liam5t has l$1 yet take no measure = correct+ x1 & = re-ass]t+ ! humane pr9ciple :i* we are told x 0 int5d$ to embody1 ?is conduct w surely commit p>liam5t n[ to ! adoption ( ! bill z la/ int]pret$4 ,x w\ld be too mu* to say ev5 s1 t x w\ld convict ! fram]s ( ! measure "s f\r or five ye>s ago1 or ! !n p>liam5t ( ei!r fraud or cruelty3 b x might well fa/5 ^? *>ges ^u ! pres5t p>liam5t if !y believe ! act 0 int5d$ to "w o!rwise b w n re/ore x to its effici5cy4 ,& s n[1 9 our p>allel case4 ,if ! ,*ur* ( ?is our day1 kn[+ all ! circum/ances ( su* an int]pretation z we h be5 suppos+ 9 ! matt] ( baptismal reg5]ation1 d n use ! p[]s %e may h to correct ! ambiguity :i* p]mits h]esy to be lodg$ )9 h]1 %e w acquiesce 9 & adopt t h]esy z h] own4 ,x w\ld inde$ "h aga9 be too mu* to say t su* conduct n[ w\ld prove !re _h be5 a d\ble-m9d2 an int5d$ ambiguity = an h]etical purpose 9 ^? :o drew up our =mul>ies2 = !y might /ill h no m int5d$ h]esy1 ?an ,"l ,a%ley & ! late ,mr4 ,field5 cruelty to ! factory *ildr54 ,b ?is1 h[ev] x might cle> ! respective *>act]s ( m5 ( ano!r day1 w\ld be no?+ at all z to e/abli%+ a claim to s\ndness n[1 or pres]v+ ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& z a liv+ bran* ( ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,if we n[ adopt ! h]etical int]pretation3 if we n[ kn[+ly & wilfully cont9ue ! ambiguity2 if we d n /rive to remove ! blot on ! face ( ! ,sp\se ( ,*ri/2 we %all be answ]able z a body = ! h]esy1 & mu/ take ! consequ5ces bo? "h & h]eaft]4 ,:at !n is ! practical ?+ to be done 9 ?is exig5ce1 suppos+ ! decision n[ ab\t to be giv5 to be "o admitt+ h]esy8 ,no d\bt !re is mu* diff]5ce betwe5 our case "h1 & t 9 ! analogy we h be5 us+4 ,! ,/ate c1 beyond all "q1 take up its d\btful matt]1 & re-^w x1 9 ano!r mean+1 too pla9 to be d5i$4 ,! ,*ur* 7among u7 alas6 has no fre$om ( spee*3 no direct p[] ( action2 no imm$iate me?od by :i* to correct ! ambiguity4 ,b nev]!less %e mu/ d all %e c1 accord+ to ! means %e has1 or %e w n be cle> 9 ?is matt]2 & ! mo/ evid5t ( all ! /eps = h] to take is at once1 & 9 e>ne/1 & ) h] :ole he>t1 to petition ! ?rone to be p]mitt$ to meet 9 convocation to take ^! po9ts into practical consid]ation4 ,if %e d all %e c1 %e w n be to be judg$1 t %e c d no m2 b at any rate1 ,i ?9k any "o ( u may1 nay e "o ( u %\ld1 susp5d our judgm5t z to h] be+ committ$ to h]esy until we see :at x is %e w d4 ,hav+ gone ?us f> 9 consid]+ our position & duties1 ,i w v5ture a little fur!r1 7,i tru/ )\t presumption (f]+ x m]ely z a sugge/ion17 to /ate :at appe>s to me1 ! fir/ actual /ep to be tak54 ,?\gh z a ,*ur* we _c meet 9 synod until call$ toge!r by ! ,cr[n1 yet z ,engli%m51 z m]e subjects ( ! empire we may meet & petition ! ?rone t convocation may be lic5s$ to delib]ate ^u ! mom5t\s que/ions :i* n[ affect ! ,*ur*4 ,z soon !n z conv5i5tly may be aft] ! decision ( ! ,privy ,c\ncil %all be giv51 7& ,i may z well say "h1 t x appe>s to me to make v little practical diff]5ce z to ! necessity ( su* a /ep1 :atev] t decision may be37 z soon !n z conv5i5tly may be aft]1 a meet+ %\ld be call$ 9 ,london ( all p]sons cl]ical & lay alike1 :o desire to see a fre] action ( ! ,*ur*1 = ?is "o specific purpose to address ! ?rone pray+ h] ,maje/y graci\sly to conc$e to ! tr\bl$ he>ts & p]plex$ consci5ces ( s _m ( h] subjects1 t convocation may be summon$ = dispat* ( bus9ess4 ,! day %\ld be c>efully *os53 t x be n too soon nor too late3 n too soon = x to be ?or\ghly & widely kn[n1 & = all :o may be anxi\s to be pres5t to make _! arrangem5ts accord+ly2 n too late1 s z to beget any suspicion ( lukew>mness4 ,! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury or ! ,bi%op ( ,london1 %\ld unque/ionably ) all duty & rev]5ce be ask$ to preside2 & all our ,"r ,rev]5d ,fa!rs 9 ,god1 be reque/$ to give u _! help & bless+ 9 ?is endeav\r4 ,all ,*ur*m5 :o feel 9 ^! dang]\s days x w\ld be a great com=t & advantage to he> ! ,*ur*'s voice di/9ctly indicat+ ! c\rse to be pursu$1 )9 any reasonable rea* ( t ga!r+1 ay1 & beyond x1 w\ld1 x is to be hop$1 att5d4 ,no extrane\s matt] %\ld be gone into1 & if possible ! speak+1 7at lea/ s x appe>s to me17 %\ld be b brief1 all[+1 if x may be1 sev]al h\rs aft]w>ds = ! sole purpose ( ^? actually pres5t to sign ! address be=e leav+ ! room4 ,i _c d\bt myself t ! l>ge/ room 9 ,london w\ld be insuffici5t = ! numb]s :o w\ld make a po9t ( com+1 & ea* man z he w5t away might say1 ) a he>t ( ?ankfulness1 8,lib]avi animam meam10 & 8,god def5d ! ,"r40 ,d n ?9k 9 say+ ^! ?+s ,i am va9 en\gh to suppose ?is mu/ ne$s be ! be/ plan to foll[4 ,i d b m5tion my own ?\ght z a sugge/ion = o!rs to consid]1 & ,i speak 9 "s detail1 because at any rate1 by ?is means a practical "* is giv5 to :at ,i say4 ,:at is be/ w be det]m9$ by o!rs mu* m compet5t to decide1 & ,i %all ,i tru/ be f\nd ready to foll[1 :]ev] ! pa? ( duty %all be f\nd to lead4 ,he w\ld be a bold man :o %\ld v5ture to say :at ! ev5ts ( a few ye>s1 nay ev5 ( "o1 may br+3 b ,i ?9k ^? c]ta9ly are n mi/ak5 :o deem t we are 9 a great crisis ( our ,*ur*'s lot1 & t v mu* dep5ds ^u our fai?fulness1 our wisdom1 & our c\rage n[4 ,i h !re=e be5 anxi\s to lay be=e y & any o!rs ^: he>ts are burd5$ ) our pres5t tr\bles "s ( ! ?\ghts :i* h occurr$ to my m9d4 ,i h be5 m p>ticul>ly anxi\s to ask :e!r ,i am :olly beside ! m>k ( reason & s\nd s5se1 9 ?9k+ x possible to see a middle way 8betwe5 accept+ & act+ ^u ! decision0 ( ! ,privy ,c\ncil1 8& repudiat+ x altoge!r z if x _h nev] exi/$40 ,9 a p]suasion t su* a middle c\rse !re is1 ,i h endeav\r$ to %[ h[ f> ! ,judicial ,committee commits ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& by its decision1 ev5 all[+ x to h jurisdiction 9 po9ts ( doctr9e1 & my conclusion has be5 t we may admit bo? ! au?ority ( ! tribunal1 & also ! =mal h]esy involv$ 9 ! judgm5t x may feel b\nd to deliv] 9 its duty ( int]pretation1 & yet all[ no /igma ( actual h]esy to lie ^u ! ,*ur*1 unless %e acquiesce 91 & adopt t judgm5t z h] own3 t is1 no fur!r /igma1 no fur!r evil ?an1 7to use aga9 y\r words7 89 ! "o po9t comp>atively unimportant & trivial ( ! in/itution ( a c]ta9 p]son to a c]ta9 b5efice40 ,i am glad to ?9k ,i recognize 9 ?is s5t5ce an admission1 t if ! ,*ur* c be fre$ f any fur!r p>ticipation 9 ! doctr9e involv$1 & if %e d h] be/ to repudiate any implication ) h]esy :i* t judgm5t may seem to ?r[ ^u h]1 %e may well wait ! "t 7,i d n say = ev]1 b at any rate = ! pres5t17 till %e may be enabl$ to cle> up all ambiguity by re/or+ ! full ca?olic s5se to h] =mul>ies1 ?r\gh ! legitimate *annel ( h] own assembly & convocation4 ,9 conclusion1 ,i w b express h[ mu* consolation x af=ds my m9d to ?9k t ! 8burd5 & heat0 ( ?is trial1 fall ^u "o s em95tly fitt$1 z ,i believe1 to be> !m4 ,9 spite ( all ! sorr[ :i* "o _c b feel t at 8 "t ( life :5 !re %\ld be ! re/ & repose :i* 9 less try+ times1 & to less true soldi]s 8%\ld accompany old age10 he %\ld be call$ ^u /ill to /& 9 ! battle's front1 & be> its fi]ce/ %ock2 9 spite ,i say ( ?is sorr[1 !re yet comes ov] me a light5+ ( he>t & s\l :5 ,i ?9k ?is trial has n fall5 ^u "o less equal to ! em]g5cy2 less cle>-sight$ to see ! l9e ( duty2 less bold to d x4 ,if ! burd5 inde$ be heavy to any "o ( u2 ,oh6 h[ mu* m1 to him6 ,& yet x is n m]ely a pleasure & a com=t1 b a s\rce ( ! mo/ he>tfelt ?ankfulness t ! pres5t ,bi%op ( ,exet] is :at he is4 ,if we are 9 d\bt1 yet he may h no cl\d ^u 8 m9d4 ,if we almo/ fail & fa9t1 yet he is "o to rally u4 ,if we "k n h[ to take or int]pret ! signs ( ! times1 & "q :at is ! pa? ( duty1 yet is he "o mo/ able to enlight5 & to guide u3 mo/ fitt$ 7:o 9 our "t s mu*87 to 8r5d] a reason0 = :at he does1 or advises %\ld be done1 & s r5d] x1 z to atta* ! fai?ful2 confirm ! wav]+2 & conf\nd ! ga9say]s4 ,i c\ld almo/ weep = grief to ?9k ( ! h>ass+s & c>e ( he>t :i* he mu/ und]go all ^! days2 b = joy also t ,i believe !y fall 9 ,god's provid5ce1 ^u a prelate1 ?an :om ! ,engli% ,*ur* has _h none1 s9ce ,laud1 ( a great] he>t1 to d or suff] all t may be ne$ful 9 h] cause4 ,:il/ !n 9 ^! days ( rebuke & blasphemy we pray = all1 let x be d\bly = him1 t he may see 8 way cle>ly 9 ord] to guide u also2 t a d\ble portion ( t great ,ar*bi%op's ,_s may re/ ^u him1 bo? = 8 own com=t1 & ! b5efit ( ,god's p2 & t ev5 if 8 v mantle %\ld desc5d ^u him1 7!re are o!r m>tyrdoms ?an ^? ( ! scaffold or ! /ake27 he may 8be /r5g!n$ cont9ually ) might 9 ! inn] man10 & we may h grace1 to endure to see him we> x4 ,believe me1 my de> ,maskell1 ,always affectionately y\rs1 ,,may[ ,,wynell ,,may[4 ,m>ket ,lav+ton1 ,wilts4 ,m>* #e?1 #ahej4 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 ,c4 ,,:itt+ham1 ,,*iswick4 ,,footnotes4 #h ,i say "h & 9 ! :ole ( ?is lett]1 8ab\t to d20 & 8expect$ ,decision10 because ev5 if ! judgem5t be n[ giv51 at ! ,"t ,i am writ+1 ,i h n se5 x or he>d :at x is4