,! ,hi/ory & ,romance ( ,crime ,,f ,,! ,,e>lie/ ,,times ,,to ,,! ,,pres5t ,,day ,illu/ration ,,! ,,groli] ,,society ,,london ,illu/ration ,a ,prison 9 ,tangi] ,ori5tal ,prisons ,,prisons ,,& ,,crime ,,9 ,,india ,,! ,,&aman ,,isl&s ,,burmah--,,*9a--,,japan--,,egypt ,,turkey by ,,major ,,ar?ur ,,griffi?s ,late ,inspector ( ,prisons 9 ,great ,brita9 ,au?or ( 8,! ,my/]ies ( ,police & ,crime ,fifty ,ye>s ( ,public ,s]vice10 etc4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,groli] ,,society ,,edition ,,nationale ,limit$ to "o ?\s& regi/]$ & numb]$ sets4 ,,numb] #bcd ,,introduction ,x is z true ( crime 9 ! ,ori5t z ( o!r habits1 cu/oms & beliefs ( ! ,ea/1 t :at has desc5d$ f g5]ation to g5]ation & become n only a tradition b an e/abli%$ fact1 is accept$ z su* by ! p1 :o display only a passive indiff]5ce to de$s ( cruelty & viol5ce4 ,ea* c\ntry has its own peculi> classes ( h]$it>y crim9als1 & ! influ5ce ( tradition & long e/abli%$ cu/om has made ! eradication ( su* crimes a difficult matt]4 ,religion 9 ! ,ea/ has _h a mo/ notable influ5ce on crime4 ,9 ,india ! ,?ugs or pr(essional /rangl]s 7 mo/ dev\t & _! crim9al acts 7 prec$$ by religi\s rites & c]emonies4 ,9 ,*9a ! peculi> =ms ( animism p]vad+ ! religion ( ! p has greatly influ5c$ crim9al practices4 ,murd] veil$ 9 obscurity is frequ5tly attribut$ to "s "o ( ! legion ( evil spirits :o are suppos$ to be omnipres5t2 & to satisfy & appease ^! demons innoc5t p]sons are made to suff]4 ,s great1 too1 is ! p[] ( ! _s aft] dea? to cause good or ill1 t _m /ories are relat$ ( victims ( inju/ice :o h hang$ !mselves on _! p]secutors' door-po/s1 ?us conv]t+ _! spirits into wra?ful gho/s to av5ge !m4 ,! firm belief 9 gho/s & _! p[] ( v5geance & rew>d is a great re/ra9t 9 ! practice ( infanticide1 z ! s\ls ( murd]$ infants may seek v5geance & br+ ab\t s]i\s calamity4 ,ori5tal prison hi/ory is "o long record ( savage puni%m5ts culm9at+ 9 ! dea? p5alty1 aggravat$ by abom9able tortures4 ,! p are ( two classes1 ! oppress$ & ! oppressors1 & ! la/ nam$ h inv5t$ _m devices = legal p]secution4 ,9 e>ly ,*9a & ,japan1 rel5tless & f]oci\s me?ods 7 9 =ce4 ,"o ( ! emp]ors ( ,*9a inv5t$ a new k9d ( puni%m5t1 describ$ by ,du ,halde 9 #agch1 at ! in/igation ( a fav\rite wife4 ,x 0 a column ( brass1 tw5ty cubits high & eight 9 diamet]1 holl[ 9 ! middle l ,phal>is's ,bull1 ) op5+s 9 ?ree places = putt+ 9 fuel4 ,to ?is !y fa/5$ ! crim9als1 & mak+ !m embrace x ) _! arms & legs1 light$ a great fire 9 ! inside2 & ?us roa/$ !m until !y 7 r$uc$ to a%es4 ,! fir/ slaves 9 ,*9a 7 felons depriv$ ( _! lib]ty4 ,lat] ! v poor ) _! families sold !mselves to ! ri*4 ,al?\gh slav]y has nev] be5 l>gely preval5t ow+ to ! patri>*al nature ( society1 all mod]n writ]s agree t x exi/s 9 a loa?some =m to-day4 ,p>5ts sell _! *ildr5 & girls br+ a high] price ?an boys4 ,:o does n "k ( ! peculi> suff]+s & wrongs inflict$ = s _m g5]ations on ! g5tle peasant 9 ! pr\d l& ( ! ,ph>aohs1 ( :om x is said 8t ! du/ :i* fills ! air ab\t ! ,pyramids & ! ru9$ temples is t ( _! remote =efa!rs1 :o sw>m$ ov] ! l&1 work+ "u ! fi]y sun & ! %>p sc\rge = successive races ( task-ma/]s--! ,e?iopian1 ! ,p]sian1 ! ,mac$onian1 ! ,roman1 ! ,arab1 ! ,circassian & ! ,turk40 ,dur+ ! reign ( ,ismail ,pa%a we he> ( #aej1jjj m51 wom5 & *ildr5 driv5 =? f _! villages ) :ips to p]=m "w )\t wages on ! ,kh$ive's l&s or 9 8 factories4 ,x is a he>tr5d+ picture4 ,9 e>li] times ! adm9i/ration ( ! c\ntry di/ricts 0 9 ! h&s ( gov]nors appo9t$ by ! ,pa%a & *>g$ by him ) ! collection ( taxes & ! regulation ( ! corv1 or sy/em ( en=c$ lab\r1 at "o "t ! univ]sal rule 9 ,egypt4 ,! pres5t sy/em e/abli%$ by ,great ,brita9 is 9 /rik+ contra/ to pa/ cruelties4 ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,prison ,,sy/em ,,9 ,,india #i ,,ii4 ,,! ,,crime ,,( ,,?uggee #db ,,iii4 ,,c]emonies ,,( ,,?uggee #gj ,,iv4 ,,dacoity #hb ,v4 ,,*>act]i/ic ,,crimes #abd ,,vi4 ,,! ,,&aman ,,isl&s #adh ,,vii4 ,,prisons ,,( ,,burmah #agj ,,viii4 ,,crime ,,9 ,,*9a #bje ,,ix4 ,,enlight5$ ,,me?ods ,,( ,,japan #bbi ,x4 ,,! ,,law ,,9 ,,egypt #bdc ,,xi4 ,,turki% ,,prisons #bfi ,li/ ( ,illu/rations ,a ,,prison ,,9 ,,tangi] ,frontispiece ,,execution ,,9 ,,india ,page #abd ,,*9ese ,,puni%m5t 8 #bag ,,prisons ,,( ,,india ,,*apt] ,i ,,prison ,,sy/em ,,9 ,,india ,"l ,macaulay's "w--,commission appo9t$ to look into /ate ( prisons--,appo9tm5t ( an inspector-g5]al ( gaols--,*>ge ( di/rict gaols giv5 into ! h&s ( civil surgeons--,treatm5t ( juv5ile (f5d]s 9 ,india--,prison discipl9e--,! employm5t ( convict ov]se]s--,ca/e--,ahm$abad gaol--,prison indu/ries--,alipore ,gaol 9 ,calcutta--,ame] ,khan1 ! ,wahabee--,description ( ! ,montgom]y gaol--,! prison factory--,convict (ficials--,! gaol ( ,sirsah--,a native gaol ( ,orissa4 ,! prison sy/em 9 ,india develop$ gradually "u ! ,briti% rule4 ,at fir/ b little att5tion 0 paid to ! subject ( p5al discipl9e1 & ! places ( det5tion 7 put 9 ! *>ge ( judicial (fic]s :o _h complete control ( ! crim9als 9 _! di/ricts4 ,! judges & magi/rates _h b little "t to att5d to ! gaols2 ! adm9i/ration 0 *iefly 9 ! h&s ( native subord9ates1 & abuses ( e k9d prevail$1 z might h be5 expect$4 ,! fir/ important /ep t[>d prison re=m 0 initiat$ by ,"l ,macaulay :5 a memb] ( ! ,indian ,law ,commission 9 #ahce4 ,he sugge/$ t a committee %\ld be appo9t$ to look into ! /ate ( ! prisons 9 ,india & to prep>e an improv$ plan ( prison discipl9e4 ,?is sugge/ion 0 readily acc$$ to by ! gov]nor-g5]al1 ,sir ,c4 ,metcalfe1 & a committee compos$ ( f\rte5 able & di/+ui%$ m5 0 select$ = ! purpose4 ,an extract f _! report w be/ %[ ! exi/+ /ate ( ! prisons at t "t1 & runs z foll[s3 8,9 review+ ! treatm5t ( prison]s 9 ,indian gaols1 al?\gh on "s po9ts :i* we h n fail$ to ?r[ into a /rong light ! humanity ( x is d\btful1 yet g5]ally ! c>e t is tak5 ( ! physical condition ( ^! un=tunate m5 9 ! great ess5tials ( cleanl9ess1 att5tion to ! sick & ! provision ( food & clo?+1 appe>s to u to be highly hon\rable to ! gov]nm5t ( ,briti% ,india4 ,:5 fair all[ance has be5 made = ! climate ( ! c\ntry & ! habits ( ! p1 we d\bt :e!r ,india w n be> a comp>ison ev5 ) ,engl&1 :]e = "s ye>s pa/ m money & att5tion has be5 exp5d$ to secure ! heal? & bodily com=t ( prison]s ?an has ev] be5 ! case 9 any o!r c\ntry ( ,europe4444 ,x appe>s to u t t :i* has else:]e be5 deem$ ! fir/ /ep ( prison re=m has be5 already tak5 9 ,india4 ,:at aft] _m ye>s 0 ! fir/ good effect ( ! lab\rs ( ,h[>d & ,neild 9 ,engl& has already be5 a*iev$ "h4 ,!re is no sy/ematic c>elessness z to ! circum/ances ( ! prison]1 no nigg>dly disreg>d ( 8 natural wants2 he is n left to />ve ( cold or hung] or to live on ! *>ity ( individuals2 he is n left 9 fil? & /5* to s9k "u disease )\t an attempt to cure him2 he is n able to bribe 8 gaol] 9 ord] to obta9 ! necess>ies :i* ! law all[s him4 ,) u 9 ,engl&1 ! second /age ( prison re=m seems to be ne>ly ! pres5t /ate ( prison discipl9e 9 ,india4 ,! physical condition ( ! prison] has be5 look$ to1 b no?+ m1 & ! consequ5ces "h z 9 ,engl& h be5 t a prison1 )\t be+ ! less demoralis+1 is n a v pleasant place ( resid5ce4444 ,! proportion ( di/9ct civil gaols to all o!r gaols is v hon\rable to ! gov]nm5t4 ,! mixture ( ! two sexes 9 ,indian prisons is unkn[n1 & 9 g5]al ! sep>ation ( tri$ & untri$ prison]s is at lea/ z complete 9 ,india z 9 o!r c\ntries4 ,we allude to ^! ?+s1 n to give m cr$it to ! ,indian gov]nm5t 9 ^! matt]s ?an x des]ves1 b to %[ t al?\gh we h f\nd mu* fault & recomm5d _m re=ms1 we d n ov]look ! fact t mu* has be5 already done40 ,! second /age 9 ,indian prison re=m 0 ! appo9tm5t ( an inspector-g5]al ( gaols = e prov9ce4 ,?is 0 fir/ tri$ z an exp]im5t 9 ! ,nor?-we/]n ,prov9ces aft] "s hesitation on ! "p ( ! gov]nm5t1 & x 0 prov$ conclusively by comp>ison ) ! /ati/ics ( =m] ye>s 8t ! prison]s 7 g5]ally m heal?y1 bett] lodg$1 f$ & clo!d1 t ! gaol discipl9e _h be5 mu* improv$ & t ! exp5diture _h be5 r$uc$0 9 ^? prisons :i* _h be5 plac$ "u ! sup]vision ( an inspector4 ,^u ?is evid5ce ! gov]nm5t decid$ to make ! (fice a p]man5t "o1 & x 0 f9ally e/abli%$ 9 #ahej 9 ! ,nor?-we/]n ,prov9ces & %ortly aft]w>d 9 ! ,punjab1 ,b5gal1 ,madras & ,bombay4 ,! ?ird important measure t[>d prison re=m 9 ,india 0 initiat$ 9 ! ,nor?-we/]n ,prov9ces4 ,until #ahfj1 ! managem5t ( ! di/rict gaols _h be5 9 ! h&s ( ! magi/rates ( ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 b x 0 f\nd t ow+ to ! increas$ pressure ( "w 9 ! adm9i/ration !y 7 unable 8to f9d "t to regulate ! managem5t1 economy & discipl9e ( ! local prison ) ! c>e & exactness :i* ! pecuni>y int]e/s ( ! gov]nm5t & ! purposes ( civil adm9i/ration dem&40 ,!re=e ! civil surgeon1 :o _h =m]ly _h *>ge ( ! m$ical dep>tm5t only ( ! local gaol1 0 n[ giv5 ! entire managem5t4 ,?is *ange 0 f9ally sanction$ by ! gov]nm5t 9 #ahfd1 aft] due trial :i* %[$ t !re _h be5 an improv$ discipl9e & an improv$ economy 9 all ! gaols 9 :i* ! exp]im5t _h be5 tri$4 ,9 #ahfd two o!r important re=ms 7 introduc$3 fir/1--t no c5tral gaol 7int5d$ = all prison]s s5t5c$ to a t]m exce$+ "o ye>7 %\ld be built to accommodate m ?an "o ?\s& p]sons2 & second1--t ! m9imum space all[$ to ea* prison] %\ld be #i feet by #f1 or #ed sup]ficial feet1 & #i feet by #f by #ab1 or #fdh cubic feet4 ,"s ( ! _m difficulties 9 ! way ( prison re=m besides ^? ( f9ance are summ$ up 9 ,"l ,auckl&'s resolution ^u ! prison committee's report4 8,e re=m ( prison discipl9e is almo/ ( necessity att5d$ at ! outset ) extraord9>y exp5se4 ,to ex*ange ! common h]d+ toge!r ( prison]s ( all descriptions = c>eful classification2 to sub/itute a /rict & useful indu/ry = idl5ess or = a light1 ill-direct$ lab\r2 to provide t ! life :i* is irksome %all n also be unheal?y1 & t ! collection ( ! vici\s %all n be a s*ool ( vice1--are all objects = ! fir/ approa* ( :i* l>ge build+s mu/ be erect$1 ma*9]y =m$ & e/abli%m5ts contriv$1 & 9 ! p]fect atta9m5t & ma9t5ance ( :i* great disappo9tm5t has aft] e ef=t & exp5se 9 _m c\ntries ensu$4 ,9 no c\ntry is x likely t great] difficulty w be exp]i5c$ ?an 9 ?is = ! m]e locality ( ! prison2 t :i* is heal?y 9 "o season may become a pe/h\se by a bla/ ( fev] or *ol]a1 9 ano!r4 ,= its =m--! close y>d :i* is adapt$ = classification & is n un:olesome 9 ,engl&1 w\ld be a s9k ( mal>ia 9 ,india4 ,= food1 = lab\r & = consort !re are habits & an invet]acy ( prejudice be>+ ^u heal?1 oppos+ ! be/ managem5t ( prisons su* z are n to be enc\nt]$ else:]e1 & sup]add$ to all ?is is ! abs5ce ( fitt+ in/rum5ts = control & managem5t1 :ile x is pr9cipally ^u a p]fect tact & judgm5t & an unwe>y+ zeal t ! success ( e s*eme ( discipl9e has be5 f\nd to dep5d40 ,! classification ( ! gaols 9 ! ,nor?-we/]n ,prov9ces & ,oude is made accord+ to ! numb] ( p]sons !y c hold1 z foll[s3 ! c5tral prisons ( ! fir/1 second1 ?ird & f\r? class2 ! di/rict prisons1 & ! lock-ups4 ,9 ! c5tral prisons1 all prison]s s5t5c$ to rigor\s imprisonm5t = any p]iod exce$+ six mon?s are conf9$2 9 ! di/rict prisons all prison]s s5t5c$ to t]ms n exce$+ ?ree mon?s are s5t = e k9d ( crime1 also civil prison]s & prison]s committ$ = trial at ! sessions c\rt2 9 ! lock-ups all prison]s "u trial be=e any c\rt are lodg$4 ,!re are no re=matories = juv5ile (f5d]s 9 ,india4 ,! gov]nm5t has s f> consid]$ t !re is no ne$ = _! e/abli%m5t4 ,?is conclusion has be5 arriv$ at by a comp>ison betwe5 ! /ate ( civilisation 9 ! ,european c\ntries :i* h adopt$ ?is plan ( deal+ ) juv5ile crim9als & t ( ,india4 ,9 ! =m] !re is a l>ge class ( vagrant1 des]t$ & neglect$ *ildr51 :i* is q unkn[n 9 ! latt] c\ntry4 ,! foll[+ figures w s]ve to %[ ! tru? ( ?is ass]tion4 ,9 ,irel&1 9 #ahff1 out ( a population ( #f1jjj1jjj1 !re 7 #a1jfj juv5iles1 "u sixte5 ye>s1 committ$ to prison = v>i\s (f5ces2 :]eas 9 ! :ole ( ,india1 ) a population ( m ?an #aej1jjj1jjj1 ! commitm5t ( juv5iles 0 ab\t #b1jjj 9 ! same ye>4 ,9 ! presid5cy ( ,bombay !re is an in/itution ( v mu* ! same nature z a re=matory1 call$ ! ,david ,sasson ,indu/rial & ,re=matory ,in/itution1 :i* owes its orig9 to private b5evol5ce1 b :i* n[ receives "s support f public res\rces4 ,x is q sep>ate f ! gaols & "u diff]5t managem5t & control4 ,9 ! ,nor?-we/]n ,prov9ces 8all boys & lads "u eighte5 ye>s ( age1 s5t5c$ to p]iods ( imprisonm5t = ?ree mon?s1 are transf]r$ z soon aft] s5t5ce z possible to ! ne>e/ c5tral prison1 :]e !y are plac$ "u a regul> sy/em ( education ) tra9+ 9 indu/rial lab\r2 !y are conf9$ 9 sep>ate cells at night :]ev] !re are a suffici5t numb] ( ^! = _! accommodation1 :i* is ! case at ,me]ut1 ,agra & ,gorruckpore1 & at all prisons !y att5d s*ool & lab\r = fix$ p]iods dur+ ! day "u directors specially employ$ = t purpose4 ,boys1 :e!r conf9$ 9 sep>ate cells or association1 are kept1 day & night1 entirely sep>ate f ! adult prison]s40 ,9 ! ,punjab !re is a re=matory 9 connection ) ! gaol ( ,goordaspore to :i* boys s5t5c$ to m ?an six mon?s' conf9em5t are s5t4 ,?is re=matory 0 fir/ e/abli%$ 9 ! ,sealkote gaol 9 #ahfb1 b 0 subsequ5tly remov$ to ,goordaspore4 ,! w>d] 9 *>ge1 ! gaol (ficials1 ! inspectors & ! tea*] approv$ by ! educational dep>tm5t1 are ! only adults all[$ to ent] ?is y>d4 ,9 ! majority ( di/rict gaols !re is a special y>d set aside = juv5ile prison]s1 & 9 ^? gaols1 :]e no su* y>d exi/s1 :5 juv5ile prison]s are receiv$ !y are plac$ 9 cells1 or o!r arrangem5ts are made = sep>at+ !m f ! re/ ( ! prison]s at night1 & dur+ ! day !y are made to "w 9 a "p ( ! y>d by !mselves4 ,9 ! ,lahore c5tral gaol !re is a sep>ate y>d = juv5iles "u a specially select$ w>d]4 ,ne>ly e presid5cy & prov9ce ( ,india has its gaol code1 drawn up "u ! sanction ( ! ,prison ,acts4 ,t ( ,b5gal 0 compil$ by ,fr$]ic ,j4 ,m\at1 ,m4 ,d41 & 0 introduc$ 9 ! ye> #ahfd4 8,x borr[$ freely10 he says1 8f all ! exi/+ ,european & ,indian rules :i* seem$ to me to be suit$ = introduction 9 l[] ,b5gal1 & conta9$ "s special provisions bas$ ^u my p]sonal exp]i5ce1 & /udy ( prison sy/ems at home & abroad4444 ,x def9$ 9 consid]able detail ! duties1 responsibilities & p[]s ( all classes ( prison (fic]s2 conta9$ provisions = ! classification & puni%m5t ( all classes ( (f5d]s2 _! managem5t 9 sickness & 9 heal?2 _! food1 clo?+1 "w1 in/ruction2 &1 9 fact1 e detail ( discipl9e dur+ _! resid5ce 9 gaol1 _! transf] f "o prison to ano!r1 _! dis*>ge1 & 9 ! execution ( capital s5t5ces40 ,s9ce ^! rules 7 fram$ a sy/em ( remission ( s5t5ce z ! rew>d = good conduct 9 gaol has be5 introduc$1 bas$ on ! pr9ciple ( :at is kn[n z ! ,iri% sy/em4 ,"o ( ! *ief peculi>ities ( ,indian prison managem5t is ! employm5t ( convicts 9 ! ma9t5ance ( discipl9e4 ,f ! e>lie/ days1 prison]s 7 employ$ 9 ! dis*>ge ( all ! m5ial duties ( ! gaols1 cook+1 wa%+1 cleans+1 scav5g]+1 husk+ rice1 gr9d+ corn & ! prep>ation ( food4 ,! difficulty ( obta9+ tru/wor?y w>d]s on ! sal>ies all[$1 & ! impossibility ( prev5t+ ! introduction ( =bidd5 articles ?r\gh _! ag5cy1 l$ to ! trial 9 ! gaol at ,alipore ( well-behav$1 long-t]m convicts z prison gu>ds4 ,!y 7 f\nd to be m reliable ?an outsid]s1 & to dis*>ge _! duties m effici5tly4 ,! practice 0 adopt$ 9 o!r prisons1 & :5 conduct$ ) c>e & discretion1 work$ s well t ! sy/em has be5 ext5d$ ?r\gh\t ,india4 ,special provision = x has be5 made 9 all ! gaol codes4 ,z a rew>d = good conduct & /rict ob$i5ce to prison rules1 all convicts ^: behavi\r has be5 exempl>y ?r\gh\t1 & :o h complet$ ! prescrib$ t]m ( h>d lab\r1 are eligible = ! (fices ( convict w>d]1 gu>d & "w-ov]se]4 ,! numb] employ$ 9 ^! (fices c nev] exce$ t5 p] c5t4 ( ! crim9als 9 cu/ody4 ,all su* appo9tm5ts are made ) great c>e & delib]ation1 & are subject to ! sanction ( ! head ( ! prison dep>tm5t1 by :om !y are closely wat*$4 ,!y are liable to =feiture = s]i\s misconduct or brea* ( duty4 ,z a measure ( economy 9 dim9i%+ ! co/ ( gu>d+ prisons1 & z a means ( re=mation 9 tea*+ self-respect & self-control1 ! plan has be5 successful ev]y:]e 9 ,india1 contr>y to ! usual exp]i5ce ( p5al legislators4 ,! privilege is mu* priz$1 & few prison]s :o h held su* (fices h relaps$ into crime1 :ile _m h obta9$ positions ( tru/ on ! completion ( _! s5t5ces4 ,9 ! gaols ( ,b5gal ! privileges ( ca/e are respect$ 9 g5]al1 b no false plea ( ca/e is p]mitt$ to int]f]e ) puni%m5t4 ,) c>e1 tact & su* k ( ! p committ$ to 8 *>ge z e (fic] 9 comm& ( a prison ought to possess1 no great feel+ ( dissatisfaction is likely to arise or to be creat$4 ,b f ! jeal\sy ) :i* all proce$+s )9 ! prisons are wat*$ by ! outside population1 & ! rapidity ) :i* intellig5ce reg>d+ !m is spread1 x is evid5t t extreme c>e mu/ cont9ue to be obs]v$ 9 ! matt]4 ,:ile x is well kn[n t imprisonm5t ) its en=c$ associations is always att5d$ ) loss ( ca/e1 t1 h[ev]1 is readily re/or$ by ! p]=mance ( slight p5ances on release4 ,x is in/ructive to f9d1 on trac+ !m ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 h[ ! same ca/es1 :atev] diff]5ces ( names !y be>1 are mo/ prone to ! commission ( ! same classes ( crime4 ,aga91 x is /range to discov] t belief 9 wit*craft & ! exi/5ce ( wit*-f9d]s is a s\rce ( crime 9 ! ,ea/ at ! pres5t "t4 ,among ! ,kols1 an aborig9al race 9 ! s\?-we/ ( ,b5gal1 ea* village is suppos$ to h a tutel> div9ity1 g5]ally an evil _s to :om is assign$ all ! sickness1 epidemics1 diseases & mis=tunes :i* occur 9 ! village4 ,to ?is _s c]ta9 l&s are assign$1 & ! produce ( ?is l& is us$ 9 propitiatory sacrifices4 ,! exi/5ce ( ?is sup]/ition is said to be a frequ5t cause ( murd] & extortion4 ,! ,kols believe 9 ! p[]s ( div9ation ( 8wit*-f9d]s10 :o are usually consult$ :5 any?+ unt[>d occurs 9 a village4 ,?is wit*-f9d]1 :o (t5 lives at a di/ance1 p]=ms c]ta9 absurd c]emonials1 & pret5ds ?r\gh !m to discov] :o 9 ! village has caus$ ! ang] ( ! tutel> deity4 ,! p]son d5\nc$ is g5]ally call$ ^u to pay h&somely = ! evil caus$1 & usually does s1 b if he refuses he is frequ5tly murd]$1 & :e!r he pays or n1 if ! mis=tune does n cease he is driv5 f ! village1 if no worse fate ov]takes him4 ,all ?is is done 9 ! utmo/ good fai?1 fai? z absolute z t ) :i* wit*-hunt+ 0 pursu$ by ! puritans ( ,scotl& & ,am]ica4 ,sir ,ri*>d ,temple1 "o ( ! mo/ fam\s ( ,india's rec5t proconsuls1 passes an approv+ v]dict ^u ,indian prisons z !y exi/$ to ! date ( 8 volume1 8,india 9 #ahhj40 ,he 0 ( ! op9ion t !y 7 manag$ consci5ti\sly & z f> z possible1 ) ! means available1 accord+ to accept$ pr9ciples4 ,!y err$ p]haps 9 con/ruction1 & %[$ _m %ortcom+s z reg>ds sanitation & discipl9>y sup]vision1 b an e>ne/ desire to improve !m has animat$ ! ,indian gov]nm5t & its (ficials4 ,native /ates1 a little t>dily1 p]haps1 h foll[$ suit1 & _m possess prisons imitat+ "s ( ! be/ po9ts ( ! ,briti% sy/em4 ,!y long clung1 h[ev]1 to ! old b>b>\s me?ods ( puni%m5t1 su* z %ort p]iods ( det5tion ) flogg+1 v>i\s k9ds ( f9+1 comp5sation to ! relatives ( murd]$ m51 & mutilation 9 cases ( grave robb]y4 ,a capital s5t5ce 0 v r>ely inflict$4 ,gradually public op9ion 9 ,india awoke to ! belief t some?+ m ?an m]e p5al det5tion 0 ne$$ = ! treatm5t ( prison]s4 ,outdoor lab\r1 *iefly employ$ hi!rto1 0 deem$ injuri\s to heal? & demoralis+ to discipl9e1 entail+ undue exp5se 9 /aff & gu>ds2 & s employm5t )9 ! walls 0 sub/itut$1 ) organis$ indu/ries & manufactures by h& & ) ! help ( ma*9]y4 ,! "w done includes ! weav+ ( c>pets1 :i* h a c]ta9 value & reputation1 & mu* cotton & o!r fibres are manufactur$2 & ! prison]s "w at pr9t+1 li?ography & o!r useful trades4 ,! rules = we>+ irons & fett]s h be5 revis$1 & a consi/5t attempt has be5 made at classification by sep>at+ ! old habitual crim9als f ! less h>d5$ (f5d]s4 ,! sy/em ( e>n+ remission by indu/ry & good conduct1 z practis$ 9 ! ,briti% prisons1 has be5 introduc$ ) good results4 ,sanitation & v5tilation h be5 mu* improv$1 s t mortality has greatly dim9i%$4 ,solit>y conf9em5t is en=c$ z a means ( discipl9e1 b ! cellul> sep>ation ( prison]s by night makes only sl[ progress1 & ! association ( all classes1 good1 bad & indiff]5t has a g5]ally injuri\s effect ^u prison]s4 ,accord+ to ,sir ,ri*>d ,temple's figures1 !re 7 9 8 "t m ?an two hundr$ prisons 9 all ,india1 exclusive ( #chf lock-ups1 & ! daily av]age ( inmates 0 #aah1ejj1 ( :om only #e1ejj 7 females4 ,! annual numb] ( crimes committ$ & *>g$ 0 #hhj1jjj1 & z m ?an "o p]son is (t5 conc]n$1 ! numb] ( p]sons tri$ am\nt$ to #igj1jjj1 ( :om #eej1jjj 7 convict$1 ! balance be+ "u trial or dis*>g$4 ,! lab\rs devolv+ ^u ! police 7 obvi\sly sev]e1 & ! prisons 7 always full4 ,among ! lead+ ,indian prisons ( to-day1 "o ( ! l>ge/1 ! ,ahm$abad gaol1 0 orig9ally a ,mohamm$an college & 0 conv]t$ to its pres5t purpose 9 #ahbj4 ,miss ,m>y ,c>p5t]1 :o visit$ x 9 #ahfh1 describes ! gaol z foll[s3 8,x is a f9e-look+ build+ & ne> ! citadel1 b n ( c\rse well adapt$ to its pres5t purpose1 ?\gh ! l>ge space enclos$ by ! build+s gives x great capabilities ( improvem5t4 ,! fir/ ?+ :i* /ruck u pa9fully 0 t ! m5 _h irons on _! legs4 ,?is b>b>ic cu/om1 :i* has long be5 explod$ 9 our own c\ntry1 is "h pres]v$ & is inde$ g5]al 9 ,india 9 consequ5ce ( ! usual insecurity ( ! premises4 ,! prison]s 7 work+ 9 l>ge op5 %$s ) little appe>ance ( conf9em5t4 ,a numb] 7 occupi$ 9 weav+ /rong cotton c>pets :i* appe>$ well calculat$ = we>4 ,o!rs 7 mak+ t[ell+ ( v>i\s k9ds1 v /rong & good1 f ! cotton gr[n 9 ! neighb\rhood1 :ile o!rs 7 manufactur+ pretty little cocoa mats & baskets4 ,!re 0 9 g5]al a crim9al look 9 ! culprits2 !y 7 work+ ) good-w & appe>$ int]e/$ 9 _! occupation1 z 9 an ord9>y factory4 ,except ! *a9s1 !re 0 no?+ ( a p5al description 9 ! sc5e ar\nd u2 & al?\gh ?is *e]ful op5 place1 ) "w at useful trades1 might n give ! int5d$ feel+ ( puni%m5t1 /ill x 0 to be hop$ t tra9+ ^! m5 to useful lab\r1 "u good moral influ5ces1 mu/ h a b5eficial influ5ce on _! future lives4 ,on rem>k+ ?is to ! sup]9t5d5t1 he in=m$ me t ! salut>y effect ( ! day's "w "u prop] sup]vision 0 completely neutralis$1 or ev5 worse1 by ! corrupt+ influ5ces ( ! night4 8,!re are f\r hundr$ prison]s 9 ?is gaol1 = :om ! numb] ( sleep+ cells is totally inadequate & ?ree or f\r are consequ5tly lock$ up toge!r 9 ! d>k = twelve h\rs4 ,!re is no possibility dur+ ?is p]iod ( prev5t+ communication ( ! mo/ corrupt+ nature1 bo? moral & physical4 ,no man convict$ ( a fir/ (f5ce c ent] ?is place--:i* ought to be "o ( puni%m5t & attempt$ re=mation--)\t ! greate/ probability ( contam9ation & ga9+ exp]i5ce 9 evil f ! adepts 9 crime :o are conf9$ ) him2 no "y boy c ent] )\t 8 fate be+ seal$ = life4 8,juv5ile del9qu5ts1 casual (f5d]s1 h>d5$ ?ieves s5t5c$ to a long t]m ( imprisonm5t1 are all h]d$ toge!r )\t any possibility ( prop] classification or sep>ation4 ,! condition ( ! ?irty-two :om ,i _h se5 at ! c\rt on ! day be=e 0 ev5 worse ?an ! o!rs2 !y 7 all p5n$ up toge!r )\t "w4 ,!re !y _h be5 = _m mon?s2 & /ill !y all 7 )\t any attempt be+ made to give !m in/ruction1 :i* might improve _! moral & intellectual condition4 ,?is /ate ( ?+s 0 n ow+ to any neglect on ! "p ( ! sup]9t5d5t1 a man ( enlight5$ b5evol5ce1 :o devot$ himself he>t & s\l to 8 "w4 ,! conditions ( ?is gaol are su* t ?\gh able & will+ to rem$y all ^! evils if au?ority & means 7 giv5 to him1 "u ! exi/+ circum/ances he is p[]less4 ,!re is ample room on ! premises = him to con/ruct sep>ate cells = all ! prison]s ) only ! co/ ( mat]ial1 b ?is is n grant$ to him2 he _c !re=e c>ry out ! pr9t$ regulations t ! prison]s are n to be made worse :ile 9 cu/ody4 ,! regulations direct t ! juv5iles %all be sep>at$ f ! adults2 ?is is n[ simply impossible4 ,rules are made t ! prison]s %all receive in/ruction1 b no sal>y is all[$ = a s*oolma/]2 !re is no place appropriat$ = in/ruction & no "t is grant$ = s*ool+2 !re are t5 h\rs = lab\r1 two h\rs are requisite = meals & re/ & dur+ ! rema9d] ( ! tw5ty-f\r h\rs ! prison]s are lock$ up4 ,x is inde$ p]mitt$ by ! regulations t "s prison]s may be employ$ z in/ructors b ) ! proviso t _! h\rs ( lab\r %all n be abridg$ = ! purpose4 ,su* in/ructors c\ld n be expect$ to ex]cise any good moral influ5ce on ! o!r prison]s2 yet to comm5ce ) ^!1 if any educat$ m5 7 among !m1 might lead to "s bett] arrangem5t4 ,! old college hall might possibly be employ$ z a s*oolroom = a c\ple ( h\rs aft] sunset2 b light w\ld !n be requir$ & oil did n =m a "p ( ! au?oris$ exp5diture4 ,!re 71 !n1 ob/acles to any k9d ( in/ruction be+ imp>t$ to ! prison]s :i* no am\nt ( e>ne/ness on ! "p ( ! (ficials or ! sup]9t5d5t c\ld surm\nt4 8,on inquir+ :e!r !re 7 any females 9 ! gaol1 we 7 conduct$ to a small sep>ate c\rt :]e 9 a dismal w>d !re 7 "s mis]able wom5 employ$ 9 drudg]y "w4 ,!re 7 no female att5dants & inde$ no attempt appe>$ to be made to improve _! wret*$ condition4 ,i felt griev$ & %ock$ t 9 any "p ( ! ,briti% dom9ions wom5 :o 7 r5d]$ helpless by be+ depriv$ ( lib]ty1 & ?us fell "u our special responsibility1 %\ld be s utt]ly unc>$ = z to be left "u ! sup]9t5d5ce ( male w>d]s & )\t any means ( improvem5t4 ,9 all ^! obs]vations ,i f\nd t ,i _h ! full accordance ( ! sup]9t5d5t2 :o1 s f> f be+ annoy$ at ! discov]y ( s _m evils 9 ?is place1 only rejoic$ t "s "o %\ld add =ce to 8 own repres5tations by an indep5d5t te/imony4 ,he /at$ t he und]/ood x to be 9 contemplation to build a l>ge c5tral gaol = ! long-s5t5c$ prison]s2 ! removal ( ^! f 8 own gaol w\ld ( c\rse rem$y ! ov]cr[d+1 ?\gh x w\ld n enable ea* prison] to h a sep>ate cell4 ,9 ! meantime ! evils 7 v great f a sanit>y z well z f a moral po9t ( view4 ,on "o occasion m ?an a hundr$ _h di$ ow+ to a want ( good sanit>y arrangem5ts4 ,imm$iate att5tion to ! condition ( ?is gaol appe>$ !re=e necess>y4 ,consid]+ ?is z a common gaol )\t long-s5t5c$ prison]s1 ! foll[+ po9ts sugge/$ !mselves z necess>y to c>ry out ! int5tions ( gov]nm5t4 ,fir/1 a numb] ( well-v5tilat$ sleep+ cells %\ld be con/ruct$ )\t delay1 s z to enable e prison] to h a sep>ate cell = sleep+4 ,second1 a tra9$ & effici5t tea*] %\ld be engag$ to c>ry out in/ruction2 arrangem5ts %\ld be made to provide a *e]ful & well-light$ s*oolroom4 ,educat$ prison]s may be employ$ z assi/ant tea*]s2 ^! %\ld be specially tra9$ & in/ruct$ by ! headma/] 9 _! lab\r h\rs s z to provide z effici5t a /aff z possible4 ,?ird1 ! m>k sy/em & classification %\ld be c>ri$ out4 ,f\r?1 prison]s await+ trial %\ld be kept 9 sep>ation1 b n "u p5al condition2 ! female dep>tm5t %\ld be completely remodell$ "u female w>d]s2 all ! advantages provid$ = ! m5 %\ld be giv5 to ! wom540 ,mr4 ,r\tl$ge1 speak+ ( ! ,alipore ,gaol 9 ,calcutta :i* he visit$ 9 #ahgh1 says3-- 8,x conta9$ #b1ejj p]sons :5 ,i saw x1 & ) a few exceptions1 z 9 ! case ( ^? und]go+ puni%m5t1 all 7 employ$ 9 remun]ative lab\r4 ,!re 7 masons erect+ build+s1 weav]s mak+ gunny-bag clo? ( jute1 a factory ( jute-sp9n]s1 li?ograph]s1 pa9t]s1 c>p5t]s1 blacksmi?s & _m o!r classes ( workm51 all engag$ 9 task "w4 ,if !y exce$$ ! task a small sum 0 c>ri$ to _! cr$it to be paid to !m on leav+ gaol4 ,an amus+ /ory 0 told ( a %rewd ,york%ireman :o :5 s5t out to 8manage a jute mill0 0 fac$ by ! reality ( "s hundr$s ( crim9als n "o ( :om knew any?+ ( ! "w4 ,fir/ he despair$2 !n he hop$ a little2 f9ally he succe$$ & _h a capital jute mill4 ,dr4 ,faucus1 ! gov]nor ( ! prison1 told me t ! m5 !y s5t out ) trades h>dly ev] _h return$2 & !re 0 an in/ance ( a man ^: "t _h expir$ begg+ p]mission to rema9 a little long] 9 gaol to m completely le>n 8 trade4 ,x 0 to my view a humane & judici\s sy/em4 8,eighte5 mon?s lat] ,i visit$ ! ,presid5cy ,gaol 9 ,calcutta1 & ! gov]nor1 ,dr4 ,mack5zie1 k9dly %[$ me ! wond]s ( ! place4 ,we saw 9 ! y>d1 #8a mild ,b5galee1' :om flogg+1 %ort diet & ev5 ! dread$ solit>y conf9em5t _h fail$ to compel to "w4 #8,he is "o ( ! few prison]s :o ev] beat me1' ! gov]nor said4 ,a hundr$ or s ( ! prison]s 7 break+ /ones2 "s 7 on ! tread-mill1 a frightful puni%m5t "u su* a sun2 "s 7 mat-mak+1 on v heavy looms4 ,we came to a sep>ate cell1 ! inmate ( :i* 0 a loose-jo9t$1 mis%ap51 weak-look+1 ?9-fac$ native man1 app>5tly ab\t tw5ty-five ye>s ( age1 ?\gh he might1 = any?+ "o c\ld judge1 h be5 any age f eighte5 to =ty4 #8,t1' said ! gov]nor1 #80 "o ( ! mo/ d>+ & rel5tless ,dacoits we h ev] _h4' ,9 a cell a few y>ds di/ant1 !re 0 a grave & v5]able look+ old man :o _h atta9$ ! v highe/ grade 9 a diff]5t pr(ession--t ( a =g]4 ,he _h be5 convict$ 9 attempt+ to obta9 money f an (fic]--,i ?9k ! head ( ! police--by means ( a lett] purport+ to be writt5 by ,mr4 ,reilly1 ! well-kn[n detective4 ,! =g]y 0 p]fect1 & no "o w\ld h disput$ ! lett] b = "o small mi/ake2 ! two initial lett]s ( ,mr4 ,reilly's ,*ri/ian "n 7 transpos$4 ,?is int]e/+ old g5tleman :5 que/ion$ z to ! am\nt ( "w he _h done1 put 8 h&s toge!r & gravely confess$ t x 0 f> %ort ( ! task4 ,! gov]nor spoke /]nly & ?reat5$ %ort diet4 ,evid5tly ! old arti/ 0 out ( 8 vocation :5 attempt+ sl[1 pati5t "w4 ,:5 ! same "q 0 put to ! ,dacoit he plead$ pitifully1 #8,only f\r bags1 b ,i'll d =ty to-morr[4' ,=ty 0 ! numb] requir$ to be sew$ p] day4 8,!re 7 _m weal?y natives among ! prison]s2 & ,i 0 sorry to f9d a numb] ( ,engli% sailors & soldi]s committ$ = des]t+ regim5ts or %ips4 ,x 0 impossible to look ^u !m z crim9als4 ,!y 7 kept ap>t f ! o!r prison]s4 ,"s ( !m 7 v f9e fell[s1 :o probably nev] 7 9 prison be=e nor w\ld be aga94 ,ano!r class 0 t ( ! vagrants1 t]m$ #8loaf]s4' ,!re 7 "s v respectable look+ m5 among !m1 #8turn$ away f ! railways1' !y said1 or #8br\ght f ,au/ralia 9 *>ge ( horses & !n dismiss$'--! mo/ prolific s\rce ( #8loaf]ism' 9 ,india4 8,six "y native boys 7 sep>at$ f ! re/4 ,!y _h _! own y>d & ea* a little g>d5 & a division ( "w4 ,"o 0 cook1 ano!r h\semaid1 & s on4 ,!y 7 drawn up 9 l9e & que/ion$1 ! cook fir/4 8#8,:at are y "h =8' 8#8,murd]2 ,i /ruck ano!r boy on ! head & kill$ him4' 8#8,& y8' 8#8,murd]2 ,i ?rew a *ild into a well4' 8,! answ]s 7 giv5 z if !y _h relat$ to common matt]s4 ,we w5t no fur!r 9 ! li/4 ,an ,indian prison is m>vell\s = its mixture ( races4 ,! ,h9du _c eat ) ! ,mussulman4 ,to /ep inside a cookh\se is to defile x ev5 = prison]s4 ,yet ev5 ,brahm9s1 old (f5d]s1 _h be5 kn[n to beg = ! (fice ( meht>s 7sweep]s1 l[e/ m5ials71 s great 0 _! dread ( ! h>d lab\r4 8,:at 7 call$ ! #8non-habituals' 7 employ$ z at ,alipore & taught trades :]e necess>y4 ,i notic$ p>ticul>ly an intellig5t ,*9aman busy at ! la!4 ,i said1 #8,he nev] gave y any tr\ble8' #8,no2 he 0 entrapp$ into a robb]y1 caught & convict$1 & he imm$iately made ! be/ ( 8 position4 ,he is a quiet1 respectful1 intellig5t man4' ,he spoke ,engli% l an ,engli%man4 ,!re 7 sev]al ,*9am5 9 ! prison & all ( ! same class4 ,we came to a long l9e ( m51 seat$ on ! gr\nd1 engag$ 9 h& sp9n+2 ! f\r? f "o end 0 old ,ame] ,khan1 ! ,wahabee4 ,he 0 a tall man1 ,i %\ld say ne>ly sev5ty ye>s ( age1 /\t1 ) flabby *eeks1 a r f9e =ehead & an extraord9>ily furtive eye40 ,! trial ( ,ame] ,khan1 ! ,wahabee1 caus$ a great s5sation 9 ! ,indian law c\rts 9 ! ye> #ahgj4 ,! ,wahabees 7 a sect f\nd$ by a "y ,arab pilgrim ( ,damascus1 nam$ ,abd-el ,wahab1 :o endeav\r$ to re=m ! ,mohamm$an fai? by d5\nc+ ! corruptions t _h crept 9 & by call+ ^u ,mussulmans to 8return to _! primitive *ur* ) its simplicity ( mann]s & purity ( morals40 ,! movem5t spread into ,india1 :]e x ga9$ great success ) ! ,sunnis1 !mselves puritans1 b x 0 fi]cely hat$ by ! ,mohamm$ans1 :o _h det]iorat$ greatly "u ! ,engli% rule1 & !re 0 great dang] ( an insurrection4 ,9 #aheh ,sir ,sydney ,cotton _h /orm$ ! /ronghold ( ! ,wahabees at ,sittana & raz$ ! villages ( _! allies to ! gr\nd4 ,9 #ahfi ! gov]nm5t receiv$ in=mation t ! ,wahabees _h issu$ a propag&a f ,sittana & ,patna :i* 0 to be spread ?r\gh\t ,india1 & aga9 f\nd x necess>y to take /eps to suppress ! ,wahabees4 ,among o!rs1 ,ame] ,khan1 a ,mussulman bank] & money l5d] ( ,calcutta1 0 sudd5ly arre/$ 9 ,july1 #ahfi1 on no /at$ *>ge4 ,he appli$ = a writ ( habeas corpus1 b 0 refus$4 ,he appeal$ to ! ,supreme ,c\rt1 & !n began ! fam\s trial :i* la/$ six mon?s4 ,9 ,decemb] ,ame] ,khan 0 releas$ f ,alipore gaol1 b he 0 imm$iately re>re/$1 z x _h be5 discov]$ t he _h be5 appreh5d$ by a w>rant ab\t :i* !re 0 "s "q4 ,he 0 !n tri$ be=e a civilian judge at ,patna1 :]e ! (f5ces 7 alleg$ to h be5 committ$1 & 0 s5t5c$ to imprisonm5t = life4 ,he 0 f\nd guilty ( act+ z ag5t & supply+ money = ! ,wahabee propag&a4 ,! religi\s t5ets ( ! ,wahabees are /ill pr(ess$ by _m ( ! ,arabs & are admitt$ to be or?odox by ! mo/ le>n$ ( ! #8ulamas ( ,egypt4 ,! ,wahabees are m]ely re=m]s1 :o believe all ! fundam5tal po9ts ( ,el-,islam & all ! accessory doctr9es ( ! ,koran & ! 8,traditions ( ! ,prophets20 9 %ort1 _! t5ets are ^? ( ! primitive ,moslems4 ,!y disapprove ( gorge\s sepul*res & domes erect$ ov] tombs2 su* !y inv>iably de/roy :5 9 p[]4 ,!y also condemn z idolat]s ^? :o pay peculi> v5]ation to deceas$ sa9ts2 & ev5 decl>e all o!r ,moslems to be h]etics = ! extravagant respect :i* !y pay to ! prophet4 ,!y =bid ! we>+ ( silk1 gold ornam5ts & all co/ly app>el1 & also ! practice ( smok+ tobacco4 ,= ! want ( ?is la/ luxury !y console !mselves 9 "s degree by an immod]ate use ( c(fee4 ,!re are _m le>n$ m5 among !m1 & !y h collect$ _m valuable books1 *iefly hi/orical1 f v>i\s p>ts ( ,arabia & f ,egypt4 ,! ,montgom]y gaol 9 ! ,punjab1 "o ( ! l>ge/ 9 ,india1 0 rec5tly visit$ by ,capta9 ,buck ( ! ,indian army1 & 8 description ( ! details ( prison life !re is exce$+ly int]e/+4 ,atta*$ to ! gateway are n only ! prison (fices1 b>racks = ! w>d]s & an armory1 b a que] look+ room :]e well-behav$ prison]s may receive fri5ds once 9 ?ree mon?s4 ,! room is divid$ by b>s into ?ree p>ts4 ,9 ! portion at "o end ! prison] squats1 8 visitor /ays 9 ! "p at ! o!r end & a gaol] or assi/ant sits 9 ! middle space1 :]e he c make sure t no smuggl+ goes on or t no attempts at escape are made4 ,! prison]s become v clev] & use all sorts ( devices to smuggle 9 co9s1 tobacco1 opium & o!r drugs & dice4 ,!y are all[$ to we> _! own %oes1 b ^! are exam9$ v c>efully1 = ! soles are frequ5tly f\nd to be made ( tobacco1 f\r-anna pieces & o!r ?+s ?an lea!r4 8,a common dodge10 says ,capta9 ,buck1 8among ! prison]s = conceal+ co9s & o!r small ?+s is to make a receptacle 9 ! ?roat by means ( a lead5 weight ab\t ! diamet] ( a flor9 & half an in* ?ick2 ?is is atta*$ to a /r+ "s six in*es long1 a knot 9 ! end be+ slipp$ betwe5 two tee? to prev5t x slid+ d[n ! ?roat4 ,by hold+ ! head 9 a p>ticul> position = "s "t e day1 #8waggl+' ! weight ab\t1 & f "t to "t alt]+ ! l5g? ( ! /r+1 a p\* c be =m$ 9 ! ?roat suitable = hold+ z _m z fifte5 rupees4 ,! possessor ( ?is /range #8safe' is able to put 9 & take out 8 treasure ) facility1 b x is exce$+ly difficult to make a man disgorge ! cont5ts aga9/ 8 w1 or ev5 to f9d out :e!r he possesses ! p\* at all )\t ! use ( ! ,rntg5 rays40 ,! ,montgom]y gaol is z l>ge z a small t[n1 & conta9s two great enclosures surr\nd$ by a high outside wall1 ?ree spaces at ! back = "w %ops1 a sep>ate y>d = ! female w>d & su* o!r build+s z /oreh\ses1 pump+ /ations & gran>ies4 ,all ( ! build+s are con/ruct$ ( burnt brick1 b ! walls are made ( sun-dri$ brick & are kept 9 repair & pla/]$ by gaol lab\r4 ,! m5ial "w is p]=m$ by ! prison]s1 & ca/e prejudices h be5 consult$ 9 apportion+ ?is "w to ! diff]5t classes ( prison]s4 ,! l[] ca/es d scav5g]+ & g5]al clean+1 :ile ! dy]1 wa%]man1 b>b]1 tailor1 blacksmi? & weav] are all1 z f> z possible1 employ$ at _! respective pr(essions4 ,o!r prison]s :o h work$ at trades :i* ! gaol does n af=d are giv5 "w 9 ! factories4 ,! factories are ! mo/ int]e/+ "p ( ! gaol at ,montgom]y4 ,c>pets are made 9 _m beautiful patt]ns4 ,a c>pet ov] fifty feet wide c be wov5 on ! l>ge/ loom1 & x is an int]e/+ sight to see a r[ ( tw5ty-five m5 engag$ 9 pull+ ! ?reads f ! _m col\r$ balls ( wool above _! heads1 slipp+ !m into place & ) a small curv$ knife cutt+ (f ! ends1 press+ d[n ! /it*es ) a wood5 =k1 & nev] mak+ a mi/ake4 ,! patt]n is read out by convicts /ation$ beh9d a loom1 sometimes f patt]ns1 sometimes f books & (t5 f memory4 ,to ! un9itiat$ ^! in/ructions are incompreh5sible1 = !re is su* a confusion ( s\nds t x is difficult to di/+ui% any "o voice4 ,! m>vel ( x is h[ ea* man kn[s :at col\rs to use & :]e4 ,someh[ or o!r1 9 spite ( all ! noise & confusion1 du/ & gl>e1 ^! lovely c>pets are produc$4 ,! ord9>y wooll5 c>pet co/s f sixte5 to tw5ty-f\r %ill+s a squ>e y>d1 accord+ to ! numb] ( /it*es to ! in*1 b ! prices range high] = specially select$ wool1 :ile ! price ( a silk c>pet is almo/ a small =tune4 ,ano!r "p ( ! factory conta9s ! clo? looms4 ,! weav]s rig up _! looms 9 ! same mann] z !y w\ld 9 _! native villages1 & consequ5tly ! y>d appe>s to be 9 consid]able disord]2 8ea* weav] sits at 8 own little loom ) 8 legs 9 a hole 9 ! gr\nd & fla%es ! sp9dle backw>ds & =w>ds1 seldom wa/+ 8 "t = fe> he may n f9i% 8 day's job1 & ?us lose m>ks or fail to ga9 any4 ,"o man1 9 tra9+1 has to complete n9e y>ds ( ! du/]-clo?1 ?ree-qu>t]s ( a y>d wide1 9 a day2 fifte5 y>ds ( blanket+ f\r feet1 eight in*es wide1 is ano!r task2 :ile a man work+ on a c>pet1 #8munj-mat1' or cotton mat1 has to "w on a wid? ( two feet & complete f\r in*es1 twelve feet & two feet respectively 9 "o day40 ,if a prison] is able to d extra "w he obta9s m>ks & ga9s "s remission f 8 s5t5ce4 ,! dormitories conta9 curi\s look+ long rooms ) passages d[n ! middle & on ea* side r[s ( c\*es made ( h>d bak$ mud4 ,! prison]s are provid$ ) blankets & mattresses made ( rice /raw1 & !y c be fairly com=table4 ,ev5 b$s made out ( su* mat]ial h be5 div]t$ to o!r uses by ! +5i\s inmates4 ,a convict is said to h made a pipe out ( 8 b$4 ,by holl[+ out a place ne> ! head ( ! b$ & pla/]+ x ov]1 he made two holes1 "o to hold ! tobacco & a%es1 & ! o!r to s]ve z a m\?piece4 ,z an additional precaution>y measure to prev5t plague f ent]+ ! gaol1 e prison] :o cat*es a rat & produces x alive is giv5 a rew>d ( t5 m>ks4 ,?is is a di/9ct ga9 t[>d a %ort] s5t5ce1 = tw5ty-f\r m>ks means "o day's remission4 ,x has be5 surmis$1 z ! rats are v num]\s 9 ! gaol 9 spite ( wire nett+ ev]y:]e plac$ to keep !m out1 t ei!r ! w>d]s arrange to br+ !m 9 or ! prison]s ma9ta9 res]ves = bre$+ purposes4 ,! cook-h\se is 9 ! y>d :]e ! m5 are p>ad$4 ,two meals are s]v$ daily1 "o at #g4cj ,a4 ,m4 & ! o!r aft] #e ,p4 ,m41 b 9 addition a little p>*$ boil$ gram is giv5 to ea* convict 9 ! middle ( ! day1 :5 !re is a %ort recess f "w4 ,besides ! l>ge *upattis1 made ( :eat & ,indian corn1 a few ounces ( dal are s]v$ 9 ! morn+1 & vegetables ) condim5ts 9 ! ev5+4 ,all ! vegetables & condim5ts are produc$ by ! convicts 9 ! l>ge g>d5 atta*$ to ! gaol4 ,x is said t no convict has ev] gott5 away altoge!r1 b t ^? :o manage to escape occasionally are always recaptur$4 ,z ! gaol is situat$ 9 a l>ge des]t1 track+ ! runaways is comp>atively easy4 ,on "o occasion1 a man 0 app>5tly miss+ at ev5+ roll-call4 ,= consid]able "t 8 id5tity c\ld n be asc]ta9$1 b aft] a ?or\gh se>* & re-*eck+1 x 0 rememb]$ t a murd]] _h be5 hang$ t day1 & ! (ficials _h fail$ to /rike 8 "n f ! roll4 ,! hospital is exce$+ly clean & well kept4 ,! r\t9e ( ! gaol g5]ally runs smoo?ly1 & ! "* ( ! treatm5t & discipl9e 9 ?is typical prison ( ,india w be> comp>ison ) t 9 _m in/itutions ( a l k9d at home & abroad4 ,"s ( ! local gaols 9 ,india are wor? a pass+ m5tion4 ,a good specim5 0 t ( ,sirsah on ! conf9es ( ! ,bikane] des]t4 ,colonel ,h]vey visit$ x & speaks ( x z a model gaol4 ,he says1 8,its l(ty walls are %ield$ by a cov]$ way runn+ r\nd its top4 ,x has an out] & an inn] dit* at ! foot ( ! walls1 & upw>d-slop+ t[]s at its f\r corn]s1 resembl+ ! ca/les ( a *ess-bo>d4 ,! prison]s 9 x 7 w>mly clo!d & look$ sleek1 & be+ told (f to heal?ful al?\gh h>d lab\r1 !y ate ) eag]ness _! diet ( curri$ meat1 curri$ %orwah1 or s\p1 & :eat5 cakes4 ,?is 0 s]v$ out to !m pl5tifully :ile ,i 0 !re4 ,!y sat d[n on ! gr\nd 9 l9es )\t ref]5ce to ca/es1 & all promiscu\sly p>took ( ! food set be=e !m4 ,i 0 a/oni%$ at ?is1 = !re is g5]ally s mu* difficulty 9 ! matt] ( food1 ow+ to ca/e prejudices40 ,ano!r int]e/+ native gaol is t ( ,orissa1 visit$ by ,sir ,william ,hunt] 9 #ahgb4 ,he says3 8,x consi/$ ( a c\rty>d ) l[ ?at*$ %$s runn+ r\nd ?ree sides & ! gu>d-h\se on ! f\r?4 ,! %$ ro(s came s l[ t a *ild might h jump$ on to !m & ?us got ov] ! wall4 ,:5 ! gu>d turn$ out1 moreov]1 we f\nd x to consi/ ( two v old m52 & ! ,mah>aja 0 r displeas$ to f9d t "o ( !m _h 8 mat*lock "u repair at ! blacksmi?'s1 :ile ! o!r _h left 8 weapon 9 8 own village1 t5 miles (f1 to protect 8 family dur+ 8 p]iod ( s]vice at c\rt4 ,inside 7 sixty-n9e prison]s1 & ,i ask$ h[ x came t !y did n1 "u ! circum/ances1 all jump ov] ! wall8 ,! "q seem$ to /rike ! ,mah>aja z a p>ticul>ly fooli% "o4 #8,:]e c\ld !y g8' he said4 #8,on ! r>e occasion t a prison] breaks gaol1 x is only to pay a visit to 8 family2 & ! villag]s1 z 9 duty b\nd1 return him )9 a few days4' ,! tru? is t ! family in/9ct is /ill s /rong 9 ! tribut>y /ates t imprisonm5t1 or ev5 dea? itself1 seems inf9itely pref]able to runn+ away f k9dr$ & home4 ,!re 7 no female prison]s1 & ! ,mah>aja /at$ t crime among wom5 _h n yet p5etrat$ 8 c\ntry4 8,i f\nd ! gang divid$ into two sections1 ea* ( :i* _h a %$ to itself on ! opposite sides ( ! c\rt1 ! %$ ( ! ?ird side be+ set ap>t = cook+4 ,! "o %$ 0 monopolis$ by t5 m5 ^: light complexion decl>$ !m to belong to ! trad+ class & :o loll$ at great ease & 9 good clo!s 9 _! prison h\se4 ,9 ! o!r %$ ! rema9+ fifty-n9e 7 cr[d$1 pack$ z closely z s>d9es & ) no o!r clo?+ except a n>r[ /rip r\nd _! wai/4 ,on express+ my surprise at ?is unequal treatm5t & ask+ :e!r ! t5 g5tlem5 :o took _! ease 7 conf9$ = light] crimes1 ! ,mah>aja expla9$3 #8,on ! contr>y1 ^! t5 m5 are ! plagues ( ! /ate4 ,!y consi/ ( fraudul5t %op-keep]s :o receive /ol5 goods1 & notori\s bad *>act]s :o organise robb]ies4 ,! o!r fifty-n9e are poor ,pans & o!r jungle p imprison$ = petty !ft1 or z ! tools ( ! t5 prison]s on ! opposite side4 ,b !n ! t5 are respectable m5 & ( good ca/e1 :ile ! fifty-n9e are m]e woodm52 & x is only prop] to ma9ta9 ,god's di/9ction ( ca/e4' ,all ! prison]s 7 9 irons except "o1 a lame man1 ^: fett]s _h be5 /ruck (f on ! report ( ! native doctor4 ,!y look$ v fat & com=table1 z inde$ !y well might consid]+ t ! sixty-n9e prison]s h an all[ance ( a hundr$ p\nds ( rice p] diem1 ) goat's fle% once a =tnight1 fi% twice a mon?1 besides ! little daily all[ance ( split peas & spices to season _! food4 ,x did n seem to h occurr$ to any ( !m to feel 9 ! lea/ a%am$ on acc\nt ( be+ 9 gaol4 ,"o ( !m _h be5 imprison$ twice be=e1 & on my ask+ him :at 8 trade 0 he expla9$ t ! y\ng] bro!rs ( 8 family 7 husb&m51 b t = 8 "p he n\ri%$ 8 /oma* by ?iev+40 ,no ,european c\ntry c %[ any?+ l ! immunity f crime :i* ! wor/ di/rict 9 ,orissa enjoys4 ,9 ,balasor1 ! proportion ( p]sons 9 gaol is "o to e #c1cge ( ! population1 or "o female to e #aba1bgh ( ! population4 ,puri di/rict1 h[ev]1 ! seat ( ! s-call$ 8abom9ations ( ,jaganna?10 w\ld blu% to own su* an ov]:elm+ crim9al population4 ,includ+ bo? ! c5tral & ! subdivisional gaols1 ! proportion is "o crim9al always 9 prison to e six ?\s& ( ! population & "o woman to e hundr$ ?\s&4 ,! gaol is a great in/itution 9 ,indian & ,burmese /ations4 ,y\r syce breaks ! %aft ( y\r dogc>t2 s5d x r\nd to ! gaol to be repair$4 ,new matt+ is want$ = ! v]&a2 y c get x 9 ! gaol4 ,y want a piece ( furniture2 :e!r x be a w>drobe or a :i/ table1 y w f9d :at y require 9 ! gaol work%op1 & if !re does n happ5 to be "o ready1 y c ord] x to be made4 ,!y take a long] "t to d x ?an free artisans1 b y c dep5d ^u s\nd mat]ial1 good workman%ip & reasonable prices2 s ! gaol indu/ries fl\ri% & ! co/ ( support+ ! crim9al classes falls ) comp>ative lightness ^u taxpay]s4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,! ,,crime ,,( ,,?uggee ,difficulties exp]i5c$ 9 adm9i/]+ ju/ice--,p]jury common--,native (fic]s delight 9 torture--,v>i\s devices us$ to extort evid5ce--,*>act]i/ics ( ! ,indian crim9al--,crime h]$it>y--,?ugs' me?od ( /rangl+ victims--,facilities af=d$ by ! nature ( ! c\ntry--,! riv] ,?ugs--,suppression ( ,?uggee gangs & _! op]ations4 ,crime 9 ,india does n diff] ess5tially f t preval5t else:]e1 al?\gh "s =ms are indig5\s to ! c\ntry1 eng5d]$ by special physical & social conditions4 ,z a rule1 ! p ( ,india are law abid+1 ord]ly & sob] 9 "*1 b !re is an inh]5t deceitfulness 9 !m t t5ds to int]f]e ) ! c\rse ( ju/ice4 ,?is is con/antly se5 9 ! untru/wor?y evid5ce s (t5 giv5 9 c\rt4 ,witnesses are ei!r retic5t or too flu5t2 !y w conceal facts or ov]-col\r !m accord+ z x s]ves _! int]e/s2 !y c be b\ght1 or intimidat$1 or easily p]suad$4 ,x has be5 said ( ,india t p]jury is ! rule & n ! exception2 x is a c\ntry 9 :i* no man desires to tell ! simple tru? or ! :ole tru?1 :]e exagg]ation is p]fectly natural & m5dacity revels 9 ! incr$ible m9ut5ess ) :i* false /atem5ts are made1 s p]fect inde$ z to ca/ discr$it on !m at once :5 he>d4 ,p]jury has long be5 a flagrant evil ?w>t+ ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice1 & is /ill frequ5t1 al?\gh likely to decrease z social /&>ds improve4 ,! p *afe at police inve/igation :i* worries & irritates !m & w say almo/ any?+ if x w rid !m ( ! att5tions ( ! (fic]s ( ! law4 8,!y w\ld condone ev5 griev\s wrongs10 says ,sir ,ri*>d ,temple1 8disav[ ! loss ( prop]ty :i* !y _h suff]$1 & )hold all assi/ance f _! neighb\rs 9 simil> plights1 r ?an und]go ! tr\ble ( att5d+ at police (fices & crim9al c\rts40 ,9 ! old days police me?ods = ! detection & pro( ( crime 7 (t5 repreh5sible4 ,native (fic]s 7 ev] eag] to make a case complete & w\ld g to any l5g? 9 col\r+ & creat+ evid5ce4 ,an em95t judge 9 ,india f\nd great fault ) ! police :o 8w\ld nev] leave a case alone1 b mu/ always prep>e x & pat* x up by tea*+ ! witnesses to le>n _! evid5ce be=eh& & to say m ?an !y knew40 ,a village (ficial w\ld be s eag] to succe$ :5 o!rs _h fail$ t he w\ld ?reat5 & maltreat ! witnesses till !y inv5t$ m]ely imag9]y evid5ce4 ,x 0 ! frequ5t cu/om to drug prison]s ab\t to be *>g$ s t !y c\ld make no def5ce1 & :5 evid5ce 0 want+1 ! witness 0 subject$ to actual torture until he promis$ to depose z requir$4 ,?is use ( torture1 secret & unav[$1 = ! purposes ( ! prosecution1 prevail$ until a rec5t date4 ,disgu/$ ,engli% (fic]s va9ly s\ght to *eck ! p]nici\s practice1 :i* 0 common ?r\gh\t ,india among all sects & classes1 ?\gh /rictly =bidd5 by law4 ,accord+ to "o au?ority1 8,! poor practise torture on ea* o!r1 robb]s on _! victims2 ma/]s ^u _! s]vants2 zem9d>s on _! ryots2 s*oolma/]s on _! pupils2 husb&s on _! wives & ev5 p>5ts on _! *ildr540 8,! v plays ( ! populace10 says ano!r1 8excite ! laught] ( _m a rural audi5ce by ! exhibition ( rev5ue squeez$ out ( a default]1 co9 by co91 ?r\gh ! appliance ( famili> provocatives40 ,"s ( ^! z employ$ by ! old police consi/$ ( su* devices z fill+ ! nose & e>s ( a prison] ) cay5ne pepp]1 *eck+ ! circulation ( ! blood ) tight ligam5ts1 susp5d+ a p]son head d[nw>d 9 a well & sometimes imm]s+ ! :ole body 9 deep wat] until ins5sibility b n actual dr[n+ 0 caus$4 ,o!r processes are rec\nt$ by ,dr4 ,*eev]s4 ,torture by heat consi/$ 9 apply+ to ! nak$ fle% a light$ tor*1 burn+ *>coal or r$ hot tongs1 or by p\r+ boil+ oil into ! e>s or nose4 ,torture by cold 0 inflict$ by exposure ( ! victim nak$ 9 ! night air & con/antly spr9kl+ ! body ) freez+ wat]4 ,o!r me?ods 73 susp5sion by ! e>s1 wri/s1 feet1 hair or m\/a*e1 g5]ally accompani$ by sev]e beat+ ) rods1 wet /++ nettles1 bun*es ( ?orns1 or cudgels ( split bamboo2 conf9em5t 9 a cell conta9+ quicklime2 rubb+ ! face on ! gr\nd s t ! nose 0 w\nd$1 ! lips torn & ! upp] jaw fractur$2 fa/5+ (f5sive & gnaw+ insects "u cov] ^u ! sk92 /ick+ p9s "u ! nails2 beat+ ! ankles & o!r jo9ts ) a s(t mallet4 ,! bull's hide torture %[$ devili% +5uity4 ,! victim 0 sew$ up 9 a newly flay$ sk9 & expos$ to ! torrid sun4 ,! out] cov]+ contract$ ) ! heat1 draw+ ! live fle% ) x1 & ! poor agonis$ creature di$ gradually ( hung]1 ?ir/ & putrifaction4 ,mild] tortures1 z !y 7 deem$1 exi/$1 9 :i* ! puni%m5t 0 m gradual b n less acute4 ,roa/+ by exposure to sun or fire1 runn+ up & d[n or 8walk+ ab\t10 a process 9 :i* relays ( policem5 keep a culprit on ! move = h\rs & h\rs toge!r1 s t1 aft] a night's unbrok5 prom5ade1 ! crav+ = re/ & sleep becomes intol]able1 especially ) p accu/om$ to sleep = twelve or f\rte5 h\rs at a /ret*4 ,! prolong$ use ( ! /ocks 0 at "o "t v g5]al 9 ,b5gal1 sometimes ) ! limbs enclos$ 9 small ap]tures too tight = !m1 or :5 ! victim lay on 8 back ) 8 feet rais$ high 9 ! air = a p]iod ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,indian crim9al annals record _m curi\s =ms ( crime m or less peculi> to ! c\ntry1 & x w be int]e/+ to specify "s ( ! be/ kn[n4 ,_m are z old z ! hills & are directly traceable to ! innate "* & di/+ui%+ traits ( ! v>i\s races t p ! great p59sula ( ,h9du/an4 ,!re is a family lik5ess 9 ! (f5ces aga9/ morality & ! rules g5]ally b9d+ ^u ! community at l>ge1 b "s are enc\rag$ & facilitat$ by ! condition & organisation ( ! daily life ( ! p4 ,pr(\nd obs]v]s h p5etrat$ to ! d>k] & deep] recesses ( ! crim9al m9d ( ! native1 bo? ,h9du & ,mussulman4 ,"u ! (t5 placid1 timid1 civil-spok5 & seem+ly h>mless native !re lies a /range b pot5t comb9ation ( s5suality1 jeal\sy & v9dictiv5ess1 back$ by wild1 in]adicable sup]/ition1 absolute untru?fulness & ru?less disreg>d = ! value ( human life4 ,?is is especially true ( ! ,b5gali1 ^: "* has be5 p[]fully portray$ by ,"l ,macaulay4 ,a feeble1 effem9ate creature ( s$5t>y pursuits1 ) delicate limbs1 & )\t c\rage1 indep5d5ce or v]acity1 he is full ( tact1 ready ) l>ge promises1 smoo? excuses1 elaborate tissues ( circum/antial falsehood4 ,) all 8 s(tness1 he is by no means placable 9 8 enmities or prone to pity1 b is p]t9aci\s 9 8 purposes & dom9at$ only by ! imm$iate pressure ( fe>4 ,cu/om has be5 l>gely ! p>5t ( crime 9 ,india1 & n[h]e has h]$ity ex]cis$ great] influ5ce4 ,a l>ge proportion ( (f5ces 9 ,india are committ$ by p]sons ^: ance/ors h done ! same = c5turies4 ,/rong belief 9 ! /r5g? ( family tradition & ! pot5cy ( inh]it$ traits & t5d5cies h long fill$ ! ,indian gaols4 ,to ^! causes we mu/ trace ! vitality ( c]ta9 crimes2 we f9d 9 !m ! explanation ( p]si/5t gang-robb]ies1 8,dacoity10 ! drugg+ & poison+ ( travell]s1 ! kidnapp+ ( *ildr51 ! =g]y1 ! =e/ frauds1 ! infanticide & secret murd]s2 ! :ole s]ies ( (f5ces aga9/ :i* is direct$ ! p5al code ( ,india1 orig9at$ by ,"l ,macaulay & prais$ by ! highe/ exp]ts1 includ+ ,sir ,james ,/eph51 z ! be/ sy/em ( crim9al law 9 ! _w4 ,:5 ,engl&'s "w 9 ,india is review$ 9 ! "t to come1 full cr$it mu/ be giv5 to ! humane adm9i/ration :i* /]nly suppress$ ! atroci\s malpractices t s long afflict$ ! l&1 su* z 8,suttee10 or ! burn+ ( wid[s on ! fun]al pyre2 ! human sacrifices to ! blood?ir/y idol ( ,jaganna?2 8,?uggee10 t vile organisation = secret murd] :i* deva/at$ ! entire cont95t & kill$ s _m unsuspect+ victims4 ,no m t]rible & widespread crime has obta9$ 9 any age or c\ntry4 ,x 0 fo/]$ by ! prevail+ conditions 9 a va/ ext5t ( t]ritory1 divid$ among _m pr9ces & p[]s1 ea* rul+ indep5d5tly & irresponsibly1 ) _m k9ds ( gov]nm5ts1 & ) _! h&s "o aga9/ ! o!r1 hav+ no common int]e/s1 no desire = comb9ation1 no unit$ police1 no uni=m action 9 ! repression ( det]m9$ wrong-do+4 ,ev]y?+ conspir$ to fav\r ! gr[? ( ^! d>+ & unscrupul\s l& pirates4 ,!re 7 no roads 9 ^? e>ly days1 no public conveyances1 no means ( protection = travell]s4 ,! longe/ j\rneys f "o end ( ! cont95t to ! o!r 7 und]tak5 ( necessity on foot or on horseback2 p>ties hi!rto complete /rang]s b&$ toge!r = common security1 & mix$ unres]v$ly ) "o ano!r4 ,! av5ues ( communication 7 at be/ m]e tracks b>ely beat5 d[n by ! passage ( wayf>]s across c\ntry & n always easily di/+ui%$1 s t x 0 possible to w&] into by-pa?s & get lo/ among ! =e/s1 jungles1 m\nta9s & uncultivat$ tracts :]e b few sp>sely inhabit$ villages 7 scatt]$4 ,direct enc\ragem5t 0 ?us af=d$ to freeboot]s & highwaym5 to make all travell]s _! prey1 & _m classes ( robb]s exi/$ & fl\ri%$4 ,( ^! ! mo/ num]\s1 ! mo/ unit$1 ! mo/ secret 9 _! horrible op]ations1 ! mo/ dang]\s & de/ructive 7 ! ,?ugs4 ,! orig9 ( ,?uggee1 z x 0 commonly call$1 is lo/ 9 fable & obscurity4 ,mr4 ,james ,hutton1 9 8 popul> acc\nt ( ! ,?ugs1 ?9ks t !y are ( v anci5t date & says !y are 8reput$ to h sprung f ! ,sag>tii :o contribut$ eight ?\s& horse to ! army ( ,x]xes & are m5tion$ by ,h]odotus 9 8 hi/ory4 ,^! p l$ a pa/oral life1 7 orig9ally ( ,p]sian desc5t & use ! ,p]sian language2 _! dress is some?+ betwixt a ,p]sian & a ,pactyan2 !y h no (f5sive weapons1 ei!r ( iron or brass1 except _! dagg]s2 _! pr9cipal dep5d5ce 9 action is on cords made ( twi/$ lea!r :i* !y use 9 ?is mann]4 ,:5 !y engage an enemy !y ?r[ out ?is cord hav+ a noose at ! extremity2 if !y entangle 9 ?is ei!r horse or man1 !y )\t difficulty put !m to dea?40 ,!re is "s reason to believe t 9 lat] times ! desc5dants ( ^! ,sag>tii accompani$ "o ( ! ,mohamm$an invad]s to ,india & settl$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,delhi4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ,!v5ot speaks ( a /range d5om9ation ( robb]s :o infe/ ! road betwe5 ,delhi & ,agra & :o use 8a c]ta9 rope ) a runn+ noose :i* !y c\ld ca/ ) s mu* sleight ab\t a man's neck :5 !y are )9 rea* ( him1 t !y nev] fail2 s t !y /rangle him 9 a trice40 ,^! robb]s 7 divid$ into sev5 pr9cipal classes or families f :i* ! innum]able small] b&s sprang4 ,sir ,william ,sleeman1 a di/+ui%$ ,indian (ficial1 ^: signal s]vices 9 purg+ a l>ge "p ( ,india ( ?is t]rible sc\rge mu/ ev] be gratefully rememb]$1 has conjectur$ t ! fir/ ,?ugs 7 to be f\nd among ! vagrant tribes ( ,mohamm$ans :o cont9u$ to plund] ! c\ntry long aft] its invasion by ! ,moguls & ,t>t>s4 ,no hi/orical m5tion is made ( ,?uggee until ! reign ( ,akb>1 :5 _m ( its vot>ies 7 seiz$ & put to dea?4 ,f t p]iod until #ahaj1 al?\gh kn[n to "s ( ! native pr9ces1 :o alt]nately protect$ & p]secut$ ^! crim9als1 x entirely escap$ ! obs]vation ( ! ,briti% rul]s ( ,india4 ,b att5tion 0 f9ally attract$ to x by ! /range disappe>ance ( sepoys1 or native soldi]s 9 ! ,briti% s]vice1 :5 mov+ ab\t ! c\ntry on furl\gh4 ,9 #ahab a ,briti% (fic]1 ,lieut5ant ,monsell1 0 murd]$ by ,?ugs4 ,a punitive exp$ition 0 imm$iately s5t aga9/ ! village :]e ! assass9s 7 kn[n to reside1 & ! culprits1 aft] "s %[ ( resi/ance1 7 ultimately disp]s$4 ,no d\bt ! fugitives took ) !m _! traditions & _! homicidal pr9ciples into new l&s :]e !y 7 probably unkn[n hi!rto4 ,z e>ly z #ahaf ! veil ( secrecy :i* _h conceal$ ! organisation 0 lift$1 & a v complete & accurate acc\nt ( ! c]emonies & practices ( ! ,?ugs 9 s\!rn ,india 0 publi%$ by ,dr4 ,%]wood 9 ! ,lit]>y ,j\rnal ( ,madras4 ,x is suppos$ t ! horrible /ory told 0 deem$ too mon/r\s = belief1 & x is at lea/ c]ta9 t no active measures 7 und]tak5 to suppress & root out ! (f5d]s4 ,at all times _m hundr$s ( pr$atory ca/es exi/$ 9 ,india1 *iefly among ! m>aud+ hill & =e/ p1 & "s ( !m are /ill record$ by "n 9 ! c5sus pap]s4 ,^! p liv$ op5ly by plund]1 & 7 organis$ = crime1 & = det]m9$ gang-robb]y & murd]4 ,!re 0 no e/abli%$ police 9 ^? days equal to cop+ ) ^! gangs1 & ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,ea/ ,india ,company _h rec\rse to ! savage crim9al code ( ! ,mohamm$an law4 ,:5 ,w>r5 ,ha/+s 0 gov]nor-g5]al1 he decre$ t e convict$ gang-robb] %\ld be publicly execut$ 9 full view ( 8 village1 & t all ( ! villag]s %\ld be f9$4 ,! miscreants retaliat$ by inc5di>ism on a l>ge scale4 ,"o conflagration 9 ,calcutta 9 #aghj burn$ fifte5 ?\s& h\ses1 & "s two ?\s& s\ls p]i%$ 9 ! flames4 ,a special civil dep>tm5t 0 creat$ to deal ) ?is :olesale crime1 ! "* ( :i* is describ$ 9 a /ate pap] dat$ #aggb4 8,! gang-robb]s ( ,b5gal10 x says1 8are n l ! robb]s 9 ,engl&1 individuals driv5 to su* desp]ate c\rses by want or gre$4 ,!y are robb]s by pr(ession & ev5 by bir?4 ,!y are =m$ into regul> communities1 & _! families subsi/ on ! supplies !y br+ home to !m4 ,^! spoils come f great di/ances1 & peaceful villages ?ree hundr$ miles up ! ,ganges are support$ by h\sebreak+ 9 ,calcutta40 ,special laws 7 pass$ to deal ) ! crime ( ,dacoity or robb]y 9 gangs to ! numb] ( five or m4 ,by ?is "t ! ^w 8,?uggee0 0 becom+ kn[n & 0 appli$ to ! practice ( 8/rangl+ dext]\sly p]=m$ by b&s ( pr(essional murd]]s disguis$ z pilgrims or travell+ m5dicants40 ,^! h]$it>y assass9s prid$ !mselves on _! desc5t & _! evil reputations1 :i* inspir$ an am\nt ( awe 9 _! fell[ c\ntrym5 h>dly di/+ui%able f respect4 8,yes1 ,i am a /rangl]10 "o ( !m %amelessly told an ,engli% (fic]4 8,i & my fa!rs be=e me h foll[$ ! bus9ess = tw5ty g5]ations40 ,^! ,phansig>s1 or 8/rangl]s10 7 ?us designat$ f ! ,h9du/ani ^w phansi1 8a noose40 ,9 ! m nor!rn p>ts ( ,india ^! murd]]s 7 call$ ,?ugs1 f ! ,h9du ^w ?agna1 8to deceive40 ,europeans became aw>e ( ! exi/5ce ( ?is class ( crim9als ) ! conque/ ( ,s]+apatam 9 #agii1 :5 ab\t a hundr$ 7 appreh5d$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ,bangalore4 ,little att5tion1 h[ev]1 0 attract$ to ^! depr$ators = a long "t2 !y c>ri$ on _! abom9able practices "u ! protection ( diff]5t native rul]s & local au?orities1 ) :om !y %>$ _! spoils4 ,b we read t1 ) ! ext5sion ( ,briti% rule & ! subjection ( ! native rul]s1 active measures 7 set on foot to suppress ^! pr(essional murd]]s1 :o f\nd x necess>y to engage o/5sibly 9 agriculture or "s o!r h>mless occupation s z to conceal _! real bus9ess4 ,"o *>act]i/ic ( ! ,phansig>s 0 t !y nev] committ$ a robb]y unaccompani$ by murd]1 _! practice be+ fir/ to /rangle1 !n to rifle _! victims4 ,x 0 also a pr9ciple ) !m to all[ no "o ( a p>ty1 h[ev] num]\s1 to escape1 s t !re might be no witnesses ( _! proce$+s2 ! only exceptions to ?is 7 9 ! case ( boys ( v t5d] age1 :om !y sp>$ & adopt$ 9 ord] to br+ !m up z ,phansig>s1 & girls :om !y sometimes m>ri$4 ,a gang ( ,phansig>s consi/$ ( any numb] f t5 to fifty m51 or ev5 m1 a l>ge majority ( :om 7 ,mussulmans1 b ,h9dus 7 (t5 associat$ ) !m1 & occasionally ,brahm9s4 ,9 common ) brig&s ( all nationalities1 ! ,?ugs g5]ally frequ5t$ di/ricts ab\nd+ 9 hills & fa/nesses :i* af=d$ a secure retreat 9 times ( dang]4 ,p>ticul> tracts 7 pref]r$ :]e !y c\ld murd] _! victims ) ! greate/ security4 ,!y lurk$ by ! way 9 ! ext5sive jungles :i* (f]$ cov] & concealm5t1 & :]e ! soil 0 s(t & easily turn$ up = digg+ graves4 ,! ,?ugs *]i%$ pleasant memories ( ^! happy hunt+ gr\nds s (t5 associat$ ) _! successes4 ,to rea* ! sc5e ( action !y (t5 p]=m$ long j\rneys & 7 abs5t f home = _m mon?s at a "t4 ,_! game 0 almo/ inv>iably travell]s :om !y enc\nt]$ on ! road1 or = :om !y frequ5tly laid 9 wait outside t[ns & villages at ! ord9>y re/+ places4 ,_! me?od 0 to s5d sc\ts into ! t[n to f9d out :e!r p]sons ( prop]ty 7 likely to be sett+ out on j\rneys & ) :at possessions4 ,*ildr5 7 (t5 employ$ 9 ?is way4 ,ea* gang ( ,?ugs 0 "u a jemad>1 or *ief1 :o direct$ _! movem5ts2 !y v seldom assum$ any disguise1 b _h ! appe>ance ( ord9>y travell]s or trad]s4 ,!y g5]ally put an end to _! victims 9 ! same mann]1 t ( /rangl+1 & x 0 ! cu/om to assign ?ree ( !m to p]=m ?is de$4 ,:ile mov+ along quietly1 "o ( ! ,?ugs w\ld sudd5ly ?r[ a clo? ar\nd ! neck ( ! p]son doom$ to dea? & reta9 hold ( "o end ( x :ile ! o!r end w\ld be seiz$ by ! second accomplice2 ?is 0 !n drawn tight1 ! two ,phansig>s press+ _! victim's head =w>d1 & at ! same "t ! ?ird villa91 9 read9ess beh9d ! travell]1 seiz$ 8 legs1 & he 0 ?r[n to ! gr\nd & despat*$4 ,mean:ile1 o!r memb]s ( ! gang kept wat* 9 advance & 9 ! re> to prev5t int]f]5ce2 if !y 7 di/urb$ dur+ _! op]ation1 a clo? 0 ?r[n ov] ! victim1 & ! company pret5d$ t "o ( _! comrades _h fall5 sick by ! roadside1 & made great lam5tations4 ,! bodies ( ! victims 7 c>efully buri$ s z to escape obs]vation & leave no clue = detection4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ! audacity & murd]\s activity ( ! ,?ugs increas$ to su* a fe>ful ext5t t ! ,briti% gov]nm5t 0 r\s$ to s]i\s consid]ation4 ,x c\ld n rema9 indiff]5t to an evil ( su* magnitude4 ,/>tl+ cases began to crop up & di/urb ! equanimity ( ! (ficial m9d4 ,"o ( ! fir/ revelations 0 secur$ 9 #ahad by an (fic]1 ,lieut5ant ,br[n1 :5 appo9t$ to inve/igate ! circum/ances ( a murd] 9 ! nor!rn "p ( ! prov9ce ( ,c5tral ,india1 at no great di/ance f ,jubbulpore1 a city closely connect$ ) ,?uggee f ! subsequ5t trial & inc>c]ation ( a l>ge numb] ( ! r+lead]s 9 ! ,jubbulpore gaol4 ,mr4 ,br[n1 :5 engag$ 9 8 inquiry at a village nam$ ,sujuna1 on ! road to ,hatta1 he>d a horrible /ory ( a gang-robb]y 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,a p>ty ( two hundr$ ,?ugs _h encamp$ 9 a grove 9 ! e>ly morn+ ( ! cold season ( #ahad1 :5 sev5 m51 well-arm$ ) swords & mat*locks1 pass$1 convey+ treasure f a bank 9 ,jubbulpore to its correspond5t 9 ,b&a4 ,! treasure 0 asc]ta9$ to be ( ! value ( #d1ejj rupees1 & a numb] ( ,?ugs1 well-m\nt$1 gave *ase4 ,com+ up ) _! prey at a di/ance ( sev5 miles1 9 a wat] c\rse half a mile f ,sujuna1 !y attack$ ! treasure-be>]s ) _! swords1 contr>y to _! common practice ( /rangl+ _! victims1 ! latt] plan be+ possible only :5 ! objects ( _! desire 7 tak5 unaw>es4 ,moreov]1 ! robb]s left ! bodies :]e !y lay1 unburi$ & expos$1 :i* 0 also an unusual proce$+4 ,a pass+ travell]1 :o _h se5 ! murd]]s at "w1 0 also put to dea? to prev5t 8 giv+ ! al>m4 ,z mu* ra9 fell t day1 none ( ! villag]s approa*$ ! spot till ! foll[+ morn+1 :5 ! bodies 7 discov]$ & a l>ge cr[d came to gaze at !m4 ,great difficulty 0 exp]i5c$ 9 br++ home ! crime to its p]petrators4 ,?is (t5 happ5$ 9 su* cases f ! /rong reluctance ( p to give evid5ce & appe> 9 c\rt = ! purpose2 ev5 ! bank] :o _h lo/ 8 ca% hesitat$ to come =w>d & prove 8 loss1 & ?is 0 no isolat$ case4 ,once be=e1 ! wood at ,sujuna _h be5 ! r5dezv\s ( robb]s1 :o _h slaught]$ a p>ty ( treasure-be>]s travell+ betwe5 ,jubbulpore & ,saugor4 ,sixte5 7 /rangl$1 b ! sev5te5? escap$ ) 8 life & runn+ into ! t[n1 gave ! al>m4 ,! native rajah1 at t "t supreme1 hurri$ to ! spot1 b only came ^u ! bodies ab&on$ by ! ?ieves1 :o _h made (f ) ! treasure4 ,^! depr$ations 7 greatly facilitat$ by ! prevail+ practice ( transmitt+ l>ge am\nts ( ca% & valuables f place to place by h&4 ,remittances 7 made 9 gold & silv] to save ! rate ( ex*ange1 al?\gh an admirable sy/em ( transf] by bank bills 0 almo/ univ]sal 9 ,india4 ,money c>ri]s by pr(ession 7 to be met ) 9 all p>ts ( ,india1 :o 7 tru/$ by m]*ants to convey to di/ant p>ts enorm\s sums 9 ca% & l>ge p>cels ( jewels2 _! fidelity1 sagacity & pov]ty-/rick5 appe>ance1 natural or assum$1 7 reli$ ^u z a suffici5t security1 & x 0 atte/$ by ,sleeman t al?\gh he _h to inve/igate hundr$s ( cases 9 :i* !y _h be5 murd]$ 9 ! dis*>ge ( _! duty1 he _h nev] he>d ( "o :o betray$ 8 tru/4 ,! sums secur$ by ! ,?ugs1 aft] murd]+ ^! fai?ful b un=tunate s]vants1 7 imm5se1 & am\nt$ 9 ! few ye>s betwe5 #ahbf & #ahcj to hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( rupees4 ,!y c\ld n escape _! fate1 be+ con/antly wat*$ & spi$ ^u1 & 7 (t5 br\ght to light by cu/oms (fic]s 9 ! native /ates1 f :om ! lynx-ey$1 ke5-witt$ ,?ug spies ga9$ mu* in=mation to assi/ 9 _! robb]ies4 ,! discov]y ( ?is ext5sive organisation = murd] 0 greatly aid$ by ! fe>ful disclosures made by "s ( ! captur$ lead]s4 ,! mo/ not$ ( ^! in=m]s 0 a c]ta9 ,f]+hea1 :o is suppos$ to h be5 ! orig9al ( ! "* ( ,ame] ,ali1 ! pr9cipal p]son & n>rator 9 ,colonel ,mead[s-,taylor's 8,confessions ( a ,?ug40 ,he _h fall5 into ! h&s ( ! fam\s ,capta9 ,sleeman1 !n ! political ag5t ( ! prov9ces bord]+ on ! ,nurbudda1 by ^: untir+ en]gy ! :ole sy/em ( ,?uggee z !n practis$ 0 laid b>e4 ,?r\gh 8 ef=ts l>ge gangs 7 appreh5d$ :i* _h assembl$ 9 ,rajputana to pursue _! op]ations 9 t c\ntry1 & among ! great numb]s committ$ to safe cu/ody 9 ! v>i\s gaols1 especially t ( ,jubbulpore1 precise in=mation 0 obta9$ lead+ to ! break+ up ( ! diabolical conspiracy4 ,x 0 !n f\nd t ,?uggee 0 actively practis$ ?r\gh\t ,india4 ,! circle1 :i* seem$ at fir/ c5tr$ ab\t ,jubbulpore1 gradually wid5$ until x includ$ ! :ole cont95t1 f ! foot ( ! ,himalayas to ! wat]s t wa% ,cape ,comor94 ,f ! ,gulf ( ,cut* to ! tea plantations ( ,assam1 e prov9ce 0 implicat$1 & ! revelations ( ! in=m]s 7 sub/antiat$ by ! dis9t]m5t ( ! dead4 ,sir ,william ,sleeman has left a p]sonal record ( 8 own a*ievem5ts4 8,:ile ,i 0 9 ! civil *>ge ( ! di/rict ( ,nurs+poor1 9 ! valley ( ! ,nurbudda1 9 ! ye>s #ahbb1 #ahbc & #ahbd10 he tells u1 8no ord9>y robb]y or !ft c\ld be committ$ )\t my becom+ acqua9t$ ) x2 nor 0 !re a robb] or a ?ief ( ! ord9>y k9d 9 ! di/rict1 ) ^: "* ,i _h n become acqua9t$ 9 ! dis*>ge ( my duty z magi/rate2 & if any man _h !n told me t a gang ( assass9s by pr(ession resid$ 9 ! village ( ,kundelee1 n f\r hundr$ y>ds f my c\rt1 & t ! ext5sive groves ( ! village ( ,mundesur1 only "o /age f me1 on ! road to ,saugor & ,bhopaul1 7 "o ( ! greate/ beles1 or places ( murd]1 9 all ,india2 & t l>ge gangs f ,h9du/an & ! ,dukhun us$ to r5dezv\s 9 ^! groves1 rema9 9 !m = days toge!r e ye>1 & c>ry on _! dreadful trade along all ! l9es ( road t pass by & bran* (f f !m1 ) ! k & connivance ( ! two l&hold]s by ^: ance/ors ^! groves _h be5 plant$1 ,i %\ld h ?\ght him a fool or a madman2 & yet no?+ c\ld h be5 m true4 ,! bodies ( a hundr$ travell]s lie buri$ 9 & ar\nd ! groves ( ,mundesur2 & a gang ( assass9s liv$ 9 & ab\t ! village ( ,kundelee :ile ,i 0 magi/rate ( ! di/rict1 & ext5d$ _! depr$ations to ! cities ( ,poona & ,hyd]abad40 ,simil> to ! prec$+ acc\nt1 z %[+ ! d>+ "* ( ! ,?uggee op]ations1 0 ! fact t 9 ! cantonm5t ( ,h+olee1 ! lead] ( ! ,?ugs ( t di/rict1 ,hurree ,s+h1 0 a respectable m]*ant ( ! place1 ) :om ,capta9 ,sleeman1 9 common ) _m o!r ,engli% (fic]s1 _h con/ant deal+s4 ,on "o occasion ?is man appli$ to ! (fic] 9 civil *>ge ( ! di/rict1 ,capta9 ,reynolds1 = a pass to br+ "s clo?s f ,bombay1 :i* he knew 7 on _! way accompani$ by _! own]1 a m]*ant ( a t[n n f> f ,h+olee4 ,he murd]$ ?is p]son1 8 att5dants & cattle-driv]s1 br\ght ! m]*&ise up to ,h+olee "u ! pass he _h obta9$ & sold x op5ly 9 ! cantonm5t2 nor w\ld ?is ev] h be5 discov]$ _h he n confess$ x aft] 8 appreh5sion1 & glori$ 9 x z a good joke4 ,_m p]sons 7 murd]$ 9 ! v baza> ( ! cantonm5t1 )9 "o hundr$ y>ds f ! ma9 gu>d1 by ,hurree ,s+h & 8 gang1 & 7 buri$ h>dly five hundr$ y>ds f ! l9e ( s5tries4 ,capta9 ,sleeman 0 himself pres5t at ! op5+ ( sev]al ( ^! unbless$ graves 7ea* conta9+ sev]al bodies71 :i* 7 po9t$ out by ! 8approv]s10 "o by "o1 9 ! coole/ possible mann]1 to ^? :o 7 assembl$1 until ! spectators 7 sick5$ & gave up fur!r se>* 9 disgu/4 ,! place 0 ! dry *annel ( a small wat] c\rse1 communicat+ ) ! riv]1 no broad] or deep] ?an a dit*2 x 0 ne> ! road to a neighb\r+ village1 & "o ( ! ma9 outlets f ! cantonm5t to ! c\ntry4 ,"s ( ! op]ations 9 :i* ,?ugs 7 conc]n$1 & ! nature ( _! proce$+s1 are ( especial int]e/4 ,9 ! ye> #ahbg1 ,girdh>ee ,?ug jo9$ a gang ( sev5 ,?ugs "u ,buk%ee ,jemad> 444 & set =? on an exp$ition4 ,! p>ty proce$$ to ,cawnpore :]e !y 7 jo9$ by ,runnooa ,moon%ee ) n9e ,?ug foll[]s1 s t ! gang am\nt$ to eighte5 ,?ugs1 :o all w5t on to ,pokraya4 ,at ?is place !y fell 9 ) two travell]s go+ f ,saugor to ! ,oude t]ritory1 :o 7 decoy$ by ,runnooa ,moon%ee1 & ! next morn+1 hav+ be5 escort$ ab\t a c\ple ( miles t[>ds ,cawnpore1 !y 7 /rangl$ by two ,?ugs1 ,oomeid & ,davee ,de51 :o buri$ ! bodies 9 ! b$ ( a /ream4 ,aft] ?is ! gang proce$$ on ! road lead+ to ,mynpooree1 z f> z ,bewur1 :]e !y f\nd a ,kayet on 8 way f ,me]ut to ! ea/w>d1 :o 0 decoy$ into jo9+ ! company ( ! ,?ugs4 ,aft] pass+ ! night toge!r1 ! travell] 0 tak5 to a g>d5 a %ort di/ance f ! village1 :]e he 0 induc$ to sit d[n & 0 !n /rangl$1 8 body be+ ?r[n into a well4 ,!y w5t on to ,sultanpoor & ,mynpooree1 :]e ! numb] ( ! gang 0 increas$ to tw5ty-"o by ?ree m ,?ugs :o jo9$ !m4 ,! gang advanc$ on ! same road z f> z ,kurkoodda 9 ! ,me]ut di/rict1 b meet+ ) no success 9 _! se>* = victims1 !y turn$ back t[>d ,malagurh1 & on arriv+ !re s5t "o ( ! gang z a sc\t into ! t[n4 ,he discov]$ two travell]s1 a ,brahm9 & a ,kuh>1 :o 7 proce$+ f ,kurnal to ! ,oude t]ritory1 & :om he p]suad$ to jo9 ! ,?ugs4 ,e>ly ! foll[+ morn+ ! ,?ugs escort$ ^! travell]s ab\t two miles beyond ! village1 :]e !y 7 /rangl$ & _! bodies buri$4 ,aft] ?is affair ! gang pass$ ?r\gh ,boolund ,%uhur & /opp$ to re/ at a police /ation two miles f ! t[n4 ,a ,*uprassee f ,me]ut pass$ by on 8 way to ,cawnpore4 ,! ,?ugs address$ him & p]suad$ him to jo9 _! b&1 & !y all w5t to ,koorja1 :]e !y re/$ = ! night 9 a c>avans>y4 ,long be=e daylight ! gang1 accompani$ by ! travell]1 proce$$ on ! road to ,muttra1 & on ! way "o ( ! company f\nd an opportunity to /rangle ! ,*uprassee4 ,! b& next w5t to ,secundra & :ile halt+ !re decoy$ two ,brahm9s travell+ f ,kurnaul t[>d ,luckn[4 ,runnooa ,moon%ee took !m "u 8 own protection1 & ! next morn+ !y 7 escort$ 9 an ea/]ly direction & /rangl$4 ,! bodies 7 ?r[n into a dry well & ! e>? heap$ ov] !m4 ,aft] ?is murd]1 ! gang w5t to ,jullalabad1 :]e !y re/$ 9 ! c>avans>y2 & f9d+ t two travell]s1 a ,brahm9 & a ,rajpoot1 _h previ\sly put up 9 ! same place1 a ,?ug 0 deput$ to decoy !m by invit+ !m to jo9 ! b&2 ! travell]s agre$1 & 7 put to dea? 9 ! usual mann] & _! bodies buri$4 ,9 ?is way ! exp$ition proce$$ = "s weeks1 ! gang 0 jo9$ by o!r ,?ugs until x am\nt$ to sixty 9 numb]2 !n x sep>at$ into two p>ties1 ea* go+ 9 a diff]5t direction1 b !y jo9$ =ces aga9 at ,allahabad & comm5c$ op]ations 9 ! ,cawnpore di/rict4 ,tw5ty-sev5 ( ! ,?ugs quitt$ ! gang & return$ to _! homes2 ! rema9d] w5t to ,meetapore1 :]e !y met two travell]s on _! way to ,agra1 :om !y decoy$ into _! company4 ,two m travell]s 7 also p]suad$ to jo9 ! gang1 & besides ^! f\r o!rs 7 also inveigl$1 among !m two ri* p]sons :o 7 /ay+ 9 ! same inn2 ! la/ nam$ _h engag$ a c>riage 9 :i* to cont9ue _! j\rney1 b ! ,?ugs1 anxi\s to get into fri5dly relations1 (f]$ horses on m fav\rable t]ms4 ,! proprietors ( ! c>riage1 enrag$ at ?is proposition1 ?reat5$ to h ! ,?ugs arre/$1 b ! matt] 0 arrang$ amicably & ! travell+ p>ty1 ) _! ,?ug att5dants1 proce$$ on _! way4 ,_! fate 0 seal$1 = on rea*+ a conv5i5t spot 9 ! ,mynpooree di/rict !y 7 /rangl$ & _! bodies rifl$4 ,! al>m1 h[ev]1 0 giv5 soon aft]w>d1 & all ! robb]s 7 tak5 up by ord] ( ! ,briti% magi/rate & lodg$ 9 gaol4 ,x 0 f\nd t 9 ! c\rse ( ?is "o exp$ition ! ,?ugs _h murd]$ fifty-two victims & ga9$ spoil to ! value ( #e1jjj rupees4 ,! ,?ugs did n conf9e _! op]ations to attack+ travell]s on l&4 ,!re 7 _m gangs :o work$ on ! riv]s & kept _! boats on ! ,nurbudda & ,ganges1 into :i* !y decoy$ pass5g]s :5 b5t ^u _! de/ruction4 ,!y resid$ *iefly 9 villages along ! banks & kept _! boats at ! pr9cipal ghats or po9ts ( passage1 z at ,monghyr1 ,patna1 ,cawnpore & z f> up ! riv] z ,furuckabad4 ,_! murd]s 7 always p]petrat$ 9 ! day "t4 ,a c]ta9 numb] ( !m 7 employ$ z actual boatm51 we>+ ! dress & do+ ! "w2 o!rs act$ z decoys1 hav+ no connection seem+ly1 b arriv+ at ! banks z well-dress$ travell]s1 m]*ants or pilgrims b\nd = or return+ f ! sacr$ places su* z ,b5>es or ,allahabad4 ,9 ! meantime ! so?as or 8inveigl]s0 s5t out by ! gang to br+ 9 pass5g]s1 be+ well dress$ & respectable1 w\ld acco/ ^? !y met ^u ! road & invite !m to jo9 9 ! voyage by riv]4 ,! boats 9 wait+ at ! ghat 7 inv>iably kept clean & look$ invit+1 ) o!r respectably dress$ travell]s await+ ! mom5t ( dep>ture4 ,(t5 en\gh x 0 at fir/ pret5d$ to be inconv5i5t to take ! newcom]s on bo>d1 ! capta9 alleg+ t he 0 %ort ( room1 b at la/ he w\ld yield to ! urg5t reque/ ( ! so?as1 & ! tru/+ pass5g]s w\ld be tak5 on bo>d & accommodat$ bel[4 ,aft] dep>ture ! disguis$ ,?ugs on deck w\ld comm5ce to s+ & amuse !mselves noisily until a quiet spot 0 rea*$1 :5 ! signal 0 giv5--! dea?-w>rant 9 ?is case--by ?ree taps ^u ! deck above4 ,! victims bel[ 7 =?) /rangl$ by ! appo9t$ /rangl]s1 :o 7 9 close att5dance ^u _! prey4 ,aft] dea? _h be5 inflict$ ! murd]]s proce$$ to break ! sp9al bones ( _! victims by plac+ a knee 9 ! back & pull+ ov] ! head & %\ld]s2 ?is 0 to prev5t all possibility ( recov]y4 ,!n ! bodies 7 /abb$ ?r\gh "u ! armpits & ?r[n ov]bo>d1 :ile ! boat made its way to ! next ghat1 :]e ! 8inveigl]s0 7 l&$ to repeat _! op]ations ) o!rs4 ,no "p ( ! booty 0 reta9$1 le/ x might =m a clue to detection1 except ! ca% f\nd ^u ! dead or 9 _! baggage4 ,^! riv] ,?ugs (t5 ran ! risk ( be+ captur$1 b !y 7 g5]ally well kn[n to ! village wat*m5 on ! riv] side1 :om !y 7 ready to bribe4 ,_! extraord9>y audacity & ! success ) :i* !y murd]$ _! victims is record$ 9 ! memor&um prep>$ 9 ,m>*1 #ahcf1 by an (fic]1 ,capta9 ,l[is1 :o did mu* to br+ !m to ju/ice4 ,he speaks ( repeat$ in/ances 9 :i* t5 or a doz5 p]sons 7 put to dea? by boats' crews1 h>dly m num]\s ?an _! victims4 ,9 "o case sev5 m5 7 murd]$ at "o & ! same "t by a crew ( n9e ,?ugs4 ,! victims 7 (t5 m5 f ! we/ c\ntry1 notori\sly /rong] & brav] ?an ! natives ( ,b5gal4 ,/range to say1 ! deadly bus9ess 0 (t5 complet$ 9 small boats1 9 :i* !re seem$ too little room to move or plan ! fell purpose unp]ceiv$4 ,frequ5tly ! ,?ug boatm5 made fri5ds ) _! victims1 z 9 ! case ( a boat lad5 ) tobacco & hemp1 :5 ! capta9 & crew p]suad$ _! pass5g]s to l& on a s& bank to cook & eat _! d9n] toge!r4 ,aft] ! meal1 ! ,?ug lead] invit$ 8 fri5ds to jo9 9 a song ( praise to ! ,h9du div9ity1 & :ile x 0 be+ sung ! ,?ugs adroitly got beh9d _! victims & /rangl$ !m4 ,a %ock+ /ory 0 reveal$ 9 ! trial ( ?ree ,b5galis :o 7 arraign$ at ,b]hampore on suspicion ( hav+ committ$ ,?uggee4 ,x appe>$ t "o ( !m1 ,madhub by "n1 _h arriv$ at ! ,s]ai ) a l>ge sum ( money 9 ! holl[ ( a jo9t ( bamboo2 two o!rs1 ,gunga ,hurree ,mitt] & ,kunhaye1 quickly came ^u ! sc5e 9 pursuit ( ! fir/ :om !y accus$ ( hav+ /ol5 ! money f _! boat4 ,madhub retort$ t !y 7 ,?ugs & want$ to murd] him4 ,?is squabble excit$ suspicion & end$ 9 ! arre/ ( all ?ree4 ,)9 a few days two ,b5gali boats1 full ( suspici\s *>act]s & lad5 ) mu* money & prop]ty1 7 seiz$ betwe5 ,monghyr & ,patna & news came t f\r travell+ m]*ants _h rec5tly disappe>$4 ,x 0 /rongly suspect$ t ^! m]*ants _h be5 murd]$ & great ef=ts 7 made to obta9 a clue to ! guilty p>ties4 ,gunga ,hurree ,mitt]1 above m5tion$1 seem$ will+ to turn approv]1 & al?\gh /\tly d5y+ t he 0 conc]n$ 9 ?is p>ticul> crime he at l5g? confess$ to complicity 9 _m frightful murd]s z a riv] ,?ug & admitt$ z _m z fifty murd]s betwe5 ,moor%$abad & ,b>r1 :]e ! boats _h be5 seiz$4 ,ab\t ?is "t ano!r v notori\s ,?ug 0 arre/$ 9 ! ,burdwan di/rict :o volunte]$ valuable in=mation 9 ex*ange = 8 life & confess$ to be+ an accomplice 9 ! murd] ( ! m]*ants4 ,acc\nts ( su* affairs1 z f\nd 9 contempor>y records1 might be multipli$ indef9itely4 ,colonel ,sleeman's report ( ! ,?ug depr$ations = a ye> or two :5 !y 7 mo/ virul5t--#ahcf-cg--;fills "o l>ge volume4 ,on a map :i* he made ( a portion ( ! k+dom ( ,oude1 %[+ a t]ritory "o hundr$ miles wide f nor? to s\?1 & "o hundr$ & sev5ty miles f ea/ to we/1 are m>k$ an endless numb] ( spots betwe5 ,luckn[1 ,cawnpore1 ,manickpur1 ,p]tabgurh & ,fyzabad1 all ( !m indicat+ beles or sc5es ( murd]s p]petrat$4 ,^! places 7 po9t$ out by captur$ ,?ugs & 8approv]s0 :o _h be5 actively pres5t & tak5 "p 9 ! murd]s4 ,!re 7 "s #bgd beles 9 all1 or "o = ab\t e five miles2 ! fact 0 prov$ by ! cont9ual dis9t]m5t ( skulls & skeletons ( ! (t5 nameless victims4 ,ea* record$ great atrocities & _m :olesale murd]s4 ,! numb] ( dea?s = :i* ea* ,?ug miscreant 0 p]sonally responsible seems incr$ible4 ,"o man1 ,buhran by "n1 kill$ #ica victims 9 =ty ye>s ( active ,?uggee1 & ano!r1 ,futteh ,khan1 kill$ #ejh p]sons 9 tw5ty ye>s1 mak+ an av]age ( two mon?ly = ea* assass94 ,:5 ! ,briti% gov]nm5t 0 r\s$ to ! det]m9ation to suppress ,?uggee1 ne>ly e village 0 ta9t$ ) ! sy/em & no di/rict 0 )\t its resid5t gangs ( ,?ugs1 or free f _! depr$ations4 ,! campaign once und]tak5 0 prosecut$ ) extraord9>y vig\r1 & ! pursuit organis$ 0 s ke5 t v rapid progress 0 made 9 putt+ d[n ?is t]rible sc\rge4 ,:ole gangs 7 arre/$1 "o aft] ! o!r2 ! r+lead]s 7 quickly tri$ & execut$1 or b\ght _! lives at ! price ( in=m+ aga9/ & contribut+ to ! capture ( _! fell[s4 ,difficulties (t5 arose 9 secur+ conviction4 ,fe> kept witnesses f te/ify+2 bank]s 7 reluctant to ackn[l$ge _! losses2 relations 7 lo? to id5tify corpses2 & ! revelations made by ! approv]s c\ld n always be corroborat$4 ,b ! "w ( ext]m9ation nev] slack5$1 & a few %ort ye>s suffic$ to put d[n ! seem+ly hydra-head$ evil4 ,x is possible t "s m di/ant & inaccessible regions escap$1 su* z ! ,concan or ,malab> coa/1 to :i* ! gangs nev] p5etrat$2 & gangs 7 n p]man5tly locat$ 9 su* di/ricts z ,kh&ei% & ,rohilcund2 b !y 7 visit$ by robb]s f o!r neighb\rhoods1 = a gang g5]ally avoid$ a di/rict occupi$ by _! own families & fri5ds4 ,& ! tide ( murd] swept unsp>+ly ye> aft] ye> ov] ! :ole face ( ,india f ! ,himalayan m\nta9s 9 ! nor?1 to ! ea/1 we/ & s\? z f> z ! mo/ remote limits ( ,madras4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,c]emonies ,,( ,,?uggee ,murd] a religi\s rite--,consult+ ! om5s--,! sacr$ pickaxe or 8kussee0--,! 8goor0 or consecrat$ sug>--,c]ta9 ca/es "u ! protection ( ! goddess ,bh[anee sp>$--,wom5 seldom kill$--,belief ( ,?ugs t ! neglect ( om5s & murd] ( wom5 7 ! causes ( arre/ & d[nfall--,! appr5tice%ip ( a "y memb] to ! practices ( ,?uggee4 ,:5 & h[ ,?uggee began may n be def9itely kn[n1 b x is c]ta9 t its vot>ies always attribut$ a div9e orig9 to ! practice4 ,!y e/eem$ ! :olesale tak+ ( life to :i* !y 7 v[$ a pi\s act1 p]=m$ "u ! imm$iate ord]s & protection ( ! ,h9du goddess1 indiff]5tly call$ ,devee or ,durga1 ,kali or ,bh[anee4 ,murd] 0 9 fact a religi\s rite1 ! victim be+ a sacrifice to ! deity4 ,! /rangl] 0 tr\bl$ ) no remorse2 on ! contr>y1 he glori$ 9 8 de$ z ! pi\s act ( a dev\t wor%ipp]4 ,he prep>$ 8 murd]s )\t misgiv+1 p]petrat$ !m )\t emotions ( pity1 & look$ back ^u !m ) satisfaction1 n regret4 ,! ,?ugs gave free v5t to "s ( ! wor/ passions ( p]v]se humanity2 !y 7 trea*]\s1 und]h&$1 pitiless to ^? !y deem$ _! legitimate prey4 ,b yet !y 7 seldom guilty ( wanton cruelty2 ! pa9 !y inflict$ 0 only t caus$ by depriv+ a human be+ ( life4 ,x 0 a rule ) !m nev] to murd] wom51 & !y g5]ally sp>$ infant *ildr5 :om !y adopt$1 br++ !m up 9 _! traditions4 ,ev5 if a woman 0 doom$ to suff] %e 0 mo/ scrupul\sly pres]v$ f insult be=eh&1 ei!r by act or ^w4 ,9 private life !y 7 patt]ns ( dome/ic virtue1 affectionate to _! own families1 fond ( _! homes2 well conduct$1 law abid+ subjects ( ! /ate t gave !m %elt]4 ,= two c5turies at lea/ ,?uggee fl\ri%$ ) rank luxuriance 9 ,india1 a soil exactly suit$ to its gr[?1 fo/]$ by ! bigot$ adh]5ce to its t5ets & a firm fai? 9 ! rew>ds v\*saf$ to close obs]vance ( its rites & c]emonies4 ,! ,?ugs 7 not$ =mali/s 9 ! p]=mance ( _! dread bus9ess4 ,:5 !y w5t out to kill1 !y 7 gov]n$ by ! /ricte/ rules ( proc$ure1 & /eadfa/ly believ$ t ! brea* ( any1 ev5 ! smalle/1 w\ld entail discomfiture & mis=tune4 ,!y gave ! mo/ unlimit$ cr$5ce to sup]/itions1 foll[$ om5s bl9dly & implicitly1 & und]took no?+ )\t consult+ _! pundits1 or wise m5 v]s$ 9 prec$5t & tradition>y lore4 ,no ,?ug1 ,sleeman tells u1 :o _h be5 fully initiat$ 9 ! my/]ies1 d\bt$ ! inspiration ( ! pickaxe 7! sacr$ emblem 9 ! fai? ( ,?uggee71 :5 consecrat$ 9 due =m1 or d\bt$ t ! om5s s\ght & obs]v$ 7 all-suffici5t to guide !m to _! prey or w>n !m f _! dang]4 ,!y 7 satisfi$ t only by ! neglect ( ^! & ! c>eless wor%ip r5d]$ to ! goddess c\ld ! suppression ( ,?uggee h become possible to ! ,briti% gov]nm5t4 ,! mo/ port5t\s om5 0 t invit$ f ! deity on ! eve ( a new exp$ition = gang-robb]y4 ,:5 ab\t to be und]tak51 a *ief pundit 0 ask$ to "n a day = dep>ture & ! road to take4 ,on ! day sugge/$ ! jemad>1 or lead] ( ! p>ty1 w\ld />t out hold+ 9 8 "r h& ! lota1 a brass pot fill$ ) wat] susp5d$ by a /r+ f 8 m\?2 9 8 left h& he c>ri$ ! sacr$ pickaxe & a clean :ite h&k]*ief 9 :i* 7 sev]al co9s4 ,he proce$$ a %ort di/ance along ! road nam$ by ! pundit & !n paus$ to pray to ! 8great goddess & univ]sal "m0 to v\*safe "s signal t ! propos$ exp$ition met ) h] approval4 ,! be/ possible om5 0 ! bray+ ( an ass & if x 0 he>d on ! left1 foll[$ by a second bray on ! "r1 x 0 believ$ t ! exp$ition w\ld be an entire & la/+ success ev5 if cont9u$ = ye>s4 ,! fir/1 on ! left1 is call$ ! pilhaoo2 ! second1 on ! "r1 ! ?ibaoo4 ,! t]ms are appli$ to ! voices ( any animals1 b by f> ! mo/ effective is deem$ ! bray+ ( ! ass1 ^: voice is equal to any hundr$ birds & sup]ior to t ( any o!r animal4 ,! initial c]emony1 aft] ! om51 proce$$ by ! lead]'s seat+ himself on ! gr\nd ) ! lota be=e him4 ,he rema9$ ?us seat$ = sev5 h\rs :ile 8 foll[]s br\ght him food & made ! necess>y prep>ations = ! j\rney4 ,if ! lota %\ld h fall5 f 8 h& t]rible disa/] might be anticipat$ & ! jemad> w\ld inevitably die dur+ ! ye>4 ,if any "o 0 he>d weep+ z !y left ! village1 great evil imp5d$2 ! same ?reat5$ if !y met a corpse be+ c>ri$ out1 or if !y met an oil v5dor1 a c>p5t]1 a pott]1 a danc+ ma/]1 a bl9d or lame man1 a fakir ) a br[n wai/ b& or a jogi ) long ragg$ hair4 ,a corpse f any village b _! own 0 a good om54 ,! call ( a jackal1 ( :i* !re 7 ?ree k9ds1 ?reat5$ great evil1 & if at "w ! gang in/antly quit ! c\ntry leav+ any victims m>k$ d[n = slaught] unt\*$4 ,! call ( ! liz>d 0 a good om51 t ( a wolf or a h>e cross+ ! pa?1 bad1 entail+ an imm$iate halt & *ange ( r\te4 ,if a dog 0 se5 to %ake 8 head op]ations _h to be susp5d$ = ?ree days4 ,9 all ,?ug c]emonies ! sacr$ pickaxe or kussee play$ a great "p4 ,x 0 treat$ ) ! utmo/ respect & 0 s holy t to be sworn ^u x meant an oa? m b9d+ ?an on ,ganges wat]1 & p]jury on ! pickaxe w\ld entail ! dea? ( ! =esworn )9 six days4 ,! sup]/ition 0 t ! p]jur] w\ld die horribly1 ) 8 head turn$ r\nd1 8 face t[>d 8 back1 & wri?+ 9 tortures till ! end came4 ,! oa? on ! pickaxe 0 9 use :5 ! ,?ugs fill$ ! gaols & x 0 made ^u a piece ( clo? fa%ion$ 9 ! %ape ( ! kussee4 ,a leg5d exi/$ t ! kussee 0 ! gift ( ! goddess h]self :5 %e _h be5 greatly inc5s$ by ! contrav5tion ( "o ( h] laws4 ,at fir/ ! ,?ugs did n tr\ble ab\t ! corpses ( _! victims b bl9dly left !m = ,kali's disposal4 ,"o day a slave look$ back & saw h] ?r[+ !m 9 ! air1 & 9 h] rage ! goddess condemn$ h] vot>ies to bury _! bodies !mselves1 digg+ ! graves ) ! consecrat$ pickaxe4 ,x 0 to be made by "s blacksmi? 9 ! pres5ce ( ! jemad>4 ,! consecration foll[s a long c]emony1 includ+ _m wa%+s 9 wat]1 s\r milk & ard5t spirits1 & ! pickaxe is fir/ us$ to sma% a cocoanut1 ! k]nel ( :i* is eat5 by ! assembl$ wor%ipp]s4 ,! pickaxe 0 entru/$ to ! safe keep+ ( ! jemad>4 ,:5 on ! road x 0 c>ri$ by ! mo/ sob] & c>eful man ( ! p>ty4 ,9 camp he buri$ x 9 a secure place ) its po9t t[>d ! int5d$ r\te1 b !y believ$ t :5 une>!d1 if ano!r direction 0 bett]1 ! po9t w\ld be f\nd sup]naturally *ang$4 ,x 0 at "o "t ! rule to ?r[ ! pickaxe d[n a well at ! nightly halt1 & _m witnesses decl>$ t x us$ to spr+ up spontane\sly f ! wat] 9 ! morn+ to come into ! h& ( its c>ri] at 8 call4 ,sev]al ( ! ,?ug prison]s 9 ,jubbulpore gaol assur$ ,sir ,william ,sleeman t ?is 0 absolute fact1 & w5t s f> z to decl>e !y _h se5 x happ54 ,! kussee 0 religi\sly wor%ipp$ e sev5? day4 ,ano!r important ag5t 9 ! ,?ug religion 0 ! goor or consecrat$ sug>4 ,x 0 an (f]+ to ,bh[anee1 made z a sacrifice ( tup\nee1 to celebrate ! commission ( any murd]4 ,an exact am\nt ( co>se sug> 0 pur*as$ to ! wor? ( #a rupee1 #d annas4 ,a clean place 0 select$ & ! sug> laid out on a %eet or blanket1 on :i* 7 also put ! sacr$ pickaxe & a piece ( silv] co94 ,! lead] ( ! gang hav+ tak5 8 seat on ! blanket1 surr\nd$ by ! mo/ notable /rangl]s1 ) ! re/ outside1 made a small hole 9 ! gr\nd = ! goor & !n d$icat$ x say+1 8,great goddess1 :o v\*saf$ #a lac & #fb1jjj rupees to ,toora ,naig & ,koduk ,bunw>ee 9 _! ne$1 s we pray !e fulfil our desires40 7,toorah ,naig 0 a celebrat$ jemad> :o1 s+le-h&$1 ) 8 s]vant1 ,koduk ,bunw>ee1 kill$ a man possess$ ( plund]1 & br++ x home1 divid$ x hone/ly among _! assembl$ comrades z ?\gh !y _h all be5 pres5t at ! murd]47 ,! ,?ugs f]v5tly repeat$ ! pray] & ! goor 0 di/ribut$1 fir/ to ^? on ! blanket1 :o ate 9 solemn sil5ce1 & :5 !y _h f9i%$1 x 0 giv5 to ! re/ :o 7 entitl$ by _! rank to receive x4 ,no "o b a man :o _h /rangl$ 8 victim 0 suff]$ to p>take ( ! goor1 :i* _h a miracul\s effect2 & ! ,?ugs 7 p]suad$ t if any human be+ ta/$ x he w\ld take =?) to ! trade4 ,! ,?ug *ief ,f]+hea told ,sir ,william ,sleeman t ! goor completely *ang$ a man's nature1 add+1--8,x w\ld *ange ! nature ( a horse4 ,let anyone ta/e x & he w be a ,?ug1 ?\gh he "k all ! trades & h all ! weal? 9 ! _w4 ,= my own "p ,i 0 well to d2 my relations 7 ri* & ,i held high (fice myself 9 :i* ,i 0 sure ( promotion4 ,yet ,i 0 always mis]able :5 abs5t f my gang4 ,:ile ,i 0 /ill a m]e boy1 my fa!r made me ta/e t fatal sug>1 & if ,i 7 to live a ?\s& ye>s ,i %\ld nev] be able to foll[ any o!r trade40 ,!re 0 a hi]>*y 9 ! ca/e ( ,?uggee4 ,! fir/ grade 0 ! kuboola1 or 8tyro10 :o aft] initiation 0 fir/ employ$ z sc\t1 !n z grave-digg]1 lughae2 next 9 rank 0 ! %umseea1 ^: duty x 0 to hold ! h&s & feet ( ! victim :5 be+ /rangl$ by ! bhurtote1 :o is ( ! highe/ grade 9 ! organisation4 ,! initiation 0 made e>ly2 a ,?ug p>5t appr5tic$ 8 son at ?irte5 or f\rte5 ye>s4 ,! c&idate hav+ ba!d & dress$ 9 new clo!s1 :i* _h nev] be5 blea*$1 0 l$ by 8 guru1 or spiritual director1 into a room :]e ! lead]s ( ! b& 7 assembl$ seat$ on a :ite clo?2 ! sacr$ pickaxe 0 plac$ 9 8 "r h&1 & rais+ 8 left on high1 he repeat$ a fe>ful oa? dictat$ to him & sworn on ! ,koran1 aft] :i* he ate a small piece ( ! consecrat$ goor4 ,he pl$g$ himself to be fai?ful1 brave & secret1 to pursue to de/ruction e human be+ :om *ance or 8 own +5uity ?rew into 8 p[]4 ,only he 0 =bidd5 to kill ! memb]s ( c]ta9 ca/es1 su* z sweep]s1 oil-v5dors1 blacksmi?s1 c>p5t]s1 pr(essional musicians1 any maim$ or lepr\s p]sons1 ! c>ri]s ( ,ganges wat] or any man travell+ accompani$ by a c[4 ,z a g5]al rule wom5 7 sp>$1 & _m cases are quot$ ( ! mis=tunes t ov]took ^? :o disreg>d$ ?is regulation4 ,f]+hea /at$ t 8 gang aft] kill+ _m wom5 _h no luck1 & 8 family fell into great mis=tune4 ,sometimes :5 !y enc\nt]$ a ri* old woman1 %e 0 sacrific$1 & ev5 y\? & beauty did n always escape2 b ! consequ5ces 7 always ! same4 ,aft] ! murd] ( ! woman ,kalee ,bebee1 :o 0 travell+ ) a gold *udur = a sacr$ tomb1 ! p]petrators 7 sev]ely puni%$ by fate4 ,"o got worms 9 8 body & di$ b>k+ l a dog2 o!rs di$ mis]ably 9 gaol or aft] cross+ ! black wat] 7transportation to ,p5ang74 ,! families conc]n$ became ext9ct4 ,?ugs :o _h sla9 wom5 admitt$ t !y des]v$ ! wor/ evils t c\ld befall !m4 ,! crime ( kill+ wom5 0 sometimes aggravat$ by ! murd] ( _! *ildr54 ,9 ! case ( ! murd] ( ,bunda ,alee1 ,moon%ee ( ,g5]al ,doveton comm&+ at ,jhalna1 8 wife & daught]s 7 /rangl$4 ,"o ( ! ,?ugs w\ld h adopt$ ! infant *ild & 0 c>ry+ x (f1 :5 a comrade press$ him to kill x also le/ !y %\ld be detect$ on cross+ ! ,nurbudda4 ,:]eupon ! miscreant ?rew ! liv+ *ild on ! heap ( dead bodies 9 ! op5 grave1 & ! *ild 0 buri$ alive4 ,! appr5tice%ip to murd] 0 gradual4 ,! "y memb]s saw & he>d no?+ ( ! fir/ affair aft] _! initiation2 !y 7 ignorant ( ! exact bus9ess1 b grew to l ! life z !y 7 m\nt$ on ponies & receiv$ pres5ts pur*as$ out ( _! %>e ( ! booty4 ,on ! second exp$ition !y began to suspect t murd] 0 committ$1 & on ! ?ird !y witness$ ! actual de$4 ,!y accept$ ! horrible situation1 & 7 seldom mu* %ock$4 ,b 9 "o case told by ,f]+hea1 a lad ( f\rte51 out = ! fir/ "t & m\nt$ on a pony1 0 committ$ to ! *>ge ( a "y comrade1 :o 0 to keep him 9 ! re> out ( sight & he>+ ( ! affair :5 ! signal 0 giv54 ,un=tunately1 ! boy broke away & gallop$ up 9 "t to witness ! sc5e2 he he>d ! screams & saw !m all /rangl$4 ,he fell (f 8 pony & became deliri\s1 scream+ & trembl+ viol5tly if anyone t\*$ him or spoke to him4 ,!y sat by him :5 ! gang w5t on & va9ly attempt$ to pacify him1 b he nev] recov]$ 8 s5ses & di$ ! same night4 ,a some:at simil> case is told by ,sleeman ( an affair ne> ,%ik>pore1 :]e ! place select$ = ! murd] 0 9 an ext5sive jungle by ! riv] side1 & a p>ty ( travell]s 7 /rangl$1 all b two "y boys :o 7 to be sav$ = adoption4 ,"o ( !m1 :5 ! bodies 7 be+ ?r[n into a dit* cov]$ ) e>? & bu%es1 began to scream viol5tly1 & ! ,?ug :o _h int5d$ to adopt him1 f9d+ x impossible to pacify him1 seiz$ him by ! legs & da%$ 8 bra9s out aga9/ a /one4 ,! dead boy 0 left :]e he lay & 8 body 0 f\nd by a fi%]man1 :o gave ! al>m :i* l$ to ! pursuit & arre/ ( ! ,?ugs4 ,colonel ,mead[s-,taylor 9 8 8,confessions ( a ,?ug0 graphically pictures ! suff]+s ( 8 h]o aft] ! fir/ affair he witness$4 8,d :at ,i w\ld10 ! ,?ug confesses1 8! murd]$ fa!r & son appe>$ be=e me2 ! old man's voice rung 9 my e>s1 & ! son's l>ge eyes seem$ to be fix$ on m9e4 ,i felt z ?\gh a ?\s& skitans 7devils7 sat on my brea/1 & sleep w\ld n come to my eyes4 ,x appe>$ s cold-blood$1 s unprovok$ a de$1 t ,i c\ld n reconcile myself 9 any way to hav+ become ev5 a sil5t spectator ( x40 ,next day 8 fa!r reason$ ) him1 mak+ him eat ! goor1 & expla9+ t hav+ put 8 h& to ! "w he mu/ n turn back4 ,z soon z ! kuboola has got ov] ! fir/ feel+s ( disgu/ & 8 c\rage is equal to ! blood-?ir/y bus9ess1 he becomes ! disciple ( "s r5[n$ & exp]i5c$ memb] ( ! gang1 & in/ruction is giv5 9 /rangl+4 ,he is entru/$ ) ! h&k]*ief1 roomal1 & taught h[ to make ! knot ) a piece ( silv] ins]t$4 ,:5 he has fully le>n$ ! process1 "o ( ! travell]s at ! next affair is entru/$ to him1 & ) a %umseea at h& to assi/1 he regul>ly graduates z a bhurtote & is eligible to become a lead] ( a gang ( 8 own4 ,! /]n resolve ( ! ,briti% gov]nm5t to suppress ,?uggee1 & ! en]getic assi/ance ( ! ag5ts employ$ 7 no d\bt ! true cause ( its be+ /amp$ out4 ,! neglect ( om5s1 ! signs s5t by ,bh[anee to w>n h] vot>ies ( ?reat5$ dang]s1 & ! murd] ( wom5 & p]sons ( ! protect$ ca/es1 br\ght d[n ^u ! ,?ugs1 9 _! own op9ion1 _! des]v$ retribution4 ,"o lead] ( a gang 0 arre/$ ) sev5te5 o!rs because1 z !y said1 he p]si/$ 9 8 purpose :5 a scream+ h>e _h cross$ 8 pa?4 ,!y plead$ t an om5 0 an ord]1 & disob$i5ce br\ght its own puni%m5t4 ,we may accept su* explanations = :at !y are wor?1 & may assign to a m reasonable cause ! activity 9 ! ye>s betwe5 #ahbf & #ahdj1 :5 no less ?an #c1fhi ,?ugs 7 arre/$ & tri$4 ,( ^! a l>ge numb] 7 hang$1 transport$ or imprison$ = life4 ,a few 7 acquitt$ or di$ be=e s5t5ce2 a c]ta9 numb] became approv]s or in=m]s1 & no d\bt a fatal bl[ 0 /ruck at ^! horrid crimes :i* _h be5 s long fo/]$ & support$ by ne>ly all classes 9 ! community2 l&[n]s1 native (fic]s ( ! c\rts1 police & village au?orities4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,dacoity ,commission appo9t$ 9 #ahcg to consid] means = ! suppression ( ,dacoity--,/ory ( a d>+ attack ^u gov]nm5t--,disguises assum$ by ,dacoits--,! ,br9j>as--,! 8,byragee0 or religi\s devotee--,pr(essional poison]s & highway robb]s--,! datura--,its action & employm5t--,h]$it>y desc5dants ( ,?ugs--,pr$atory tribes ( crim9al in/9ct--,"s not$ ,dacoits--,female lead]s--,!ft ( gov]nm5t treasure 9 a ,briti% g>rison--,a ,dacoit's rev5ge4 ,x has be5 ass]t$ t al?\gh ,?uggee has be5 o/5sibly /amp$ out 9 ,india1 road murd]s are /ill committ$ 9 consid]able numb]s by ! ag5cy ( poison adm9i/]$ to travell]s1 & t ?is is ! "w ( ,bh[anee's vot>ies c>ry+ on ! old bus9ess1 /ill impell$ by _! horrible religion4 ,?is impression is believ$ to be errone\s4 ,!re is no evid5ce t ! gang-robb]s :o und\bt$ly use poison su* z opium1 ars5ic1 datura & o!r drugs to /upefy or kill _! victims1 belong to ! fell organisation s long a sc\rge 9 ,indian society2 or t ! wor%ip ( ,bh[anee1 obs]v$ ) su* murd]\s rites1 /ill exi/s 9 ,india4 ,nev]!less1 ! adm9i/ration ( poison by pr(essional robb]s1 :o infe/$ ! ma9 roads & lurk$ 9 ! vic9ity ( l>ge t[ns1 0 l>gely & = ! mo/ "p my/]i\sly practis$ until a comp>atively rec5t date1 if x is n inde$ /ill preval5t4 ,x 0 "o ( ! =ms ( ,dacoity1 a crime ak9 to ,?uggee1 b )\t its religi\s pret5sions1 & ev] "o ( ! mo/ s]i\s evils combat$ by ! ,briti% gov]nm5t4 ,?is widespread plague ?rove & prosp]$ by reason ( ! fi]c5ess & audacity ( c]ta9 classes & ! timidity & submissiv5ess *>act]i/ic ( o!rs4 8,9 ,b5gal prop]10 says ,sir ,ri*>d ,temple1 8x 0 a crime ) an ext5sive organisation1 hav+ pr(essional r+lead]s foll[$ by gangs ( enroll$ m540 ,x 0 repress$ & to a great ext5t brok5 up by ! /rong adm9i/rative ma*9]y ( ! ,briti% gov]nm5t1 b ! crime /ill crops up 9 a mild] =m & is 8"o ( ! e>lie/ symptoms ( imp5d+ sc>city1 political excitem5t or any social tr\ble40 ,we may pause to exam9e "s ( ! e>li] records ( ,dacoity4 ,a commission to consid] its suppression 0 in/itut$ 9 ,india 9 ! ye> #ahcg4 ,hi!rto b little _h be5 asc]ta9$ ( ! "* or me?ods employ$ by ?is class ( crim9al4 ,al?\gh ,dacoities 7 e day committ$ & report$ by ! magi/rates1 x 0 ?\ght t ^! gangs resid$ = ! mo/ "p betwe5 ! ,ganges & ,jumna riv]s & 9 ! k+dom ( ,oude1 b in=mation reg>d+ _! habits & location 0 vague & unc]ta94 ,ev]yone talk$ ( ,budhuk ,dacoits & _! d>+ robb]ies1 b no "o knew :o or :at !y 71 :5ce !y came or h[ _! sy/em 0 organis$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ?is inquiry1 ! magi/rate ( ! ,gorruckpore di/rict1 :i* bord]s on ! k+dom ( ,oude1 in=m$ ! gov]nm5t t ! ,dacoits 7 n inhabitants ( any "p ( ! ,briti% t]ritories b organis$ b&itti f ,oude1 & t to deal effectively ) ?is crime 0 altoge!r beyond ! p[] ( ! magi/rates ( ! di/rict & ! local police4 ,he in/anc$ 9 pro( ( ! /r5g? & d>+ ( ! ,dacoits ! details ( an attack made ^u a p>ty ( gov]nm5t treasure-be>]s 9 #ahbb4 ,?is /ory 0 relat$ long aft]w>d to an ,engli% (ficial by "o ( ! ,dacoits conc]n$ 9 ! affair & is giv5 9 8 own words z foll[s3 8,ab\t eighte5 ye>s ago ,lutee ,jemad> s5t a mess5g] to me to say t he %\ld l to jo9 me 9 an exp$ition1 & ,i w5t to him ) ,jugdeum & ,toke to settle prelim9>ies4 ,! fir/ day 0 sp5t 9 fea/+ & no?+ 0 settl$ ab\t bus9ess4 ,on ! foll[+ day he told me t remittances ( gov]nm5t treasure w5t e mon? f ,peprole to ,gorruckpore1 & if we 7 prud5t we might get "s ( x4 ,x _h1 h[ev]1 become kn[n t an escort ( troop]s & foot-soldi]s always accompani$ ^! remittances & unless ! attack 0 9 ! nature ( a surprise "s casualties 7 likely to occur4 ,aft] explor+ ! gr\nd1 x 0 se5 t ! way pass$ ?r\gh an ext5sive jungle1 s ?ick t horsem5 c\ld n safely leave ! high road40 ,a po9t 9 ?is jungle 0 select$ = ! attack & to facilitate x /rong ropes 7 fa/5$ across ! road ahead1 :ile o!r ropes 7 9 read9ess to block x beh9d s soon z treasure & escort _h pass$ ?r\gh4 ,a gang ( =ty 0 collect$ = ! robb]y1 t5 mat*lock-m51 t5 swordsm5 & tw5ty-five spe>m51 :o proce$$ to lie 9 ambu% await+ news ( ! approa* ( _! prey4 ,on ! ?ird morn+ x 0 ne> at h&1 ! ropes ahead 7 fix$ & a numb] ( m5 po/$1 arm$ ) mat*locks load$ ) %ot1 z ! ,dacoits did n desire to take life4 ,z soon z ! trap 0 laid & ! "t ( retreat int]cept$1 fire 0 op5$ f all sides4 ,! escort 0 ?r[n into confusion1 ! foot soldi]s s\ght refuge 9 ! bu%1 ! horsem5 tri$ to escape by jump+ ov] ! ropes1 :ile ! ?ieves broke 9 ^u ! treasure & took possession ( "s #ab1jjj rupees4 ,d>+ attacks ( ?is k9d by gangs drawn f ?is great family ( pr(essional & h]$it>y robb]s 7 frequ5t 9 all p>ts ( ,india4 ,no di/rict betwe5 ! ,b]hampootra1 ! ,nurbudda1 ! ,sutlej & ! ,himalayas 0 free f !m1 & no m]*ant or manufactur] c\ld feel himself secure = a s+le night f ! depr$ations ( ,budhuk ,dacoits4 ,9 #ahbb1 9 ! di/rict ( ,nurs+poor 9 ! ,nurbudda valley1 9 ! dusk ( ev5+1 a p>ty ( ab\t ?irty p]sons1 app>5tly arm$ ) no?+ b walk+ /icks 9 _! h&s1 pass$ ! picket ( ,sepahees1 :o /ood ) a native commission$ (fic] on ! bank ( a rivulet sep>at+ ! cantonm5ts f ! t[n ( ,nurs+poor4 ,on be+ *all5g$ by ! s5tries1 !y said !y 7 c[h]ds :o _h be5 out ) _! cattle :i* 7 foll[+ close beh9d4 ,!y walk$ up ! /reet1 & hav+ arriv$ 9 front ( ! h\ses ( ! mo/ weal?y m]*ants1 !y set _! tor*es 9 a blaze by a sudd5 bl[ ^u ! pots conta9+ combu/ibles2 ev]ybody :o v5tur$ to move or to make ! slighte/ noise 0 /abb$2 ! h\ses 7 plund]$1 & 9 t5 m9utes m ! assailants fl$ ) _! booty1 leav+ ab\t twelve p]sons dead & w\nd$ on ! gr\nd4 ,a magi/rate close at h& despat*$ l>ge p>ties ( foot & horse police 9 all directions1 b no "o 0 seiz$ nor 0 x discov]$ :5ce ! gang _h come1 or any p>ticul>s z to _! id5tities4 ,?is occurr$ 9 ! mon? ( ,febru>y1 :5 m>riage processions take place e day 9 all l>ge t[ns2 ! nights are long1 & mu* money is circulat$ 9 ! pur*ase ( cotton 9 all cotton di/ricts l t ( ,nurs+poor4 ,!re 0 a l>ge police gu>d )9 tw5ty paces ( ! ,dacoity on "o side1 & ?is picket ( ,sepahees )9 a hundr$ paces on ! o!r4 ,bo? saw ! blaze ( ! tor*es & he>d ! noise1 b bo? mi/ook x = a m>riage procession1 & ! fir/ intimation giv5 ( ! real "* ( ! p>ty 0 by a little boy1 :o _h crept along a dit* unobs]v$ by ! ,dacoits1 & half dead ) fright1 :isp]$ to ! (fic] comm&+ !m t !y 7 robb]s & _h kill$ 8 fa!r4 ,be=e ! (fic] c\ld get 8 m5 ready1 all 7 gone & no?+ m 0 he>d ( !m until tw5ty ye>s lat]1 :5 ! p]petrators ( ! attack 7 detect$ & br\ght to ju/ice4 ,! ,dacoits sometimes assum$ disguises to hide ! real nature ( _! bus9ess4 ,9 #ahah a notori\s lead] nam$ ,mah]an ) a gang ( fifty ,budhuks1 set out f ,khyradee 9 ! ,oude ,t]ai "u ! disguise ( bird cat*]s4 ,!y _h ) !m falcons1 hawks ( all k9ds1 well-tra9$1 also mynas1 p>rots & o!r v>ieties ( speak+ & mock+ birds4 ,at ,b>eilly1 9 ,oude1 !y 7 jo9$ by ano!r small gang1 & all proce$$ 9 pursuit ( "s treasure on its way f ,b5>es we/w>d1 c>ri$ by ponies "u *>ge ( tw5ty-f\r burkundazes1 8native wat*m510 & policem54 ,!y det]m9$ to attack ! treasure p>ty at _! halt+ place betwe5 ,allahabad & ,cawnpore4 ,a boat _h be5 pur*as$ to keep along ! bank ( ! riv]1 ready to help ! p>ty across aft] ! attack1 & by ?is ! wom5 & *ildr5 7 all l&$ on ! ,oude side ( ! riv] opposite ! ,s]ai4 ,mah]an ) two or ?ree select$ m5 9 disguise rema9$ ) ! treasure until !y saw x safely lodg$ = ! night1 :5 he return$ to 8 gang to make arrangem5ts = ! attack4 ,ladd]s1 tor*es & h&les = ! spe>-heads & axes _h be5 provid$ 9 ! usual way1 & two h\rs aft] d>k !y scal$ ! wall ( ! ,s]ai4 ,mean:ile conf$]ates )9 broke op5 ! gate f ! inside & /ood ov] x to prev5t int]ruption1 :ile ! re/ attack$ ! escort & secur$ ! treasure4 ,!y kill$ six p]sons ( ! gu>ds1 w\nd$ sev5te5 & secur$ #gj1jjj rupees4 ,mah]an 0 captur$ 9 a lat] exp$ition & hang$1 b 8 wid[ ,moneea took 8 place z lead] ( ! gang & %ortly aft]w>d fitt$ out ano!r exp$ition to ,junnukpoor 9 ! ,nepal t]ritory sev]al hundr$ miles to ! ea/ ( _! biv\ac1 to int]cept "s treasure on its way to ! capital1 ,khatm&u4 ,?is exp$ition consi/$ ( eighty *os5 m5 & sev5 wom54 ,aft] tak+ ! auspices !y set out 9 small p>ties t[>d ! appo9t$ place ( r5dezv\s4 ,on ! way1 "o ( ! p>ties1 "u a lead] nam$ ,johuree1 fell 9 ) fifte5 bullocks lad5 ) treasure "u ! *>ge ( eighty ,gorkhas4 ,! ,dacoits1 be+ 9 disguise1 manag$ to jo9 ! escort )\t excit+ suspicion & asc]ta9$ t !y 7 c>ry+ a treasure to ! value ( #fd1jjj rupees f ! collector's treasury 9 ! pla9 to ! capital4 ,johuree ord]$ two ( 8 m5 to cont9ue ) ! escort & w5t on himself ) ! re/ to jo9 ! o!r lead]s at ! appo9t$ place & to consult ) !m4 ,he f\nd t only a "p ( ! gang _h arriv$ & ^! ?\ght x wis] to po/pone an attack until ! re/ came up1 say+1 8,if we succe$ 9 tak+ ! treasure1 _m ( our fri5ds mu/ be seiz$ on suspicion & beat5 into confessions t may lead to ! ru9 ( all1 :]eas if we =be> ?is "t we %all be all collect$ be=e ! next mon?ly remittance goes up1 & we may secure x ) little haz>d to our fri5ds or to ourselves40 ,johuree urg$ t "o bird 9 ! h& 0 wor? two 9 ! bu% & at l5g? prevail$ ^u ! o!rs to accept 8 c\nsel4 ,!y mu/]$ fifty m5 & prep>$ to foll[ ! treasure4 ,! two sc\ts cont9u$ ) ! treasure escort 9 ! disguise ( pilgrims1 & :5 !y _h se5 x safely lodg$ at a spot "u ! fir/ range ( hills & _h c>efully reconnoitr$ ! position1 "o ( !m ha/5$ to ,johuree ) 8 report4 ,all n[ set out & rea*$ ! village ( ,bughalee 9 ! ev5+4 ,f ?is place ,johuree w5t =w>d to reconnoitre & f\nd ! treasure lodg$ 9 a =tifi$ place ) a wall & dit* all ar\nd x4 ,a p>ty ( f\r or five hundr$ trad]s :o c>ri$ goods f ! pla9s to ! hills 7 encamp$ on ! edge ( ! dit*4 ,aft] c>efully survey+ ! position1 ,johuree return$ to 8 fri5ds & ord]$ t a c\ple ( /\t ladd]s tw5ty feet long %\ld be made out ( wood cut 9 ! =e/4 ,advanc+ 9 sil5ce1 !y plac$ ^! ladd]s & got ov] ! dit* & wall close to :]e ! treasure lay4 ,x 0 ab\t midnight1 ) a good moon & cle> sky1 b /ill !y ?\ght x necess>y to light _! tor*es1 & "u ! blaze !y comm5c$ ! attack4 ,! escort 0 tak5 by surprise & made b a feeble resi/ance4 ,! gang took ! :ole am\nt ( #fd1jjj rupees & effect$ _! retreat )\t los+ a man4 ,on rea*+ a retir$ spot two or ?ree miles f ! sc5e ( action1 !y divid$ ! spoil1 b e man _h too mu* to admit ( rapid travell+1 s #ag1jjj rupees 7 buri$ at ?is place1 & ) ! rema9+ #dg1jjj rupees ! p>ty mov$ on ?r\gh ! =e/4 ,z soon z news ( ! loss ( ! treasure rea*$ ! ,nepal cantonm5ts at ,jales>1 :5ce x _h be5 despat*$1 e suspici\s p]son t c\ld be f\nd 0 seiz$4 ,two regim5ts !n /ation$ at ,jales> 7 despat*$ ?r\gh ! =e/ to ! we/w>d to int]cept ! robb]s1 & fell 9 ) "s ( ,johuree's p>ty1 f :om !y recov]$ a portion ( ! treasure1 :ile ,johuree got safely home ) ! re/4 ,! precision ) :i* vet]ans rememb]$ & describ$ ,dacoities at :i* !y _h assi/$ dur+ _! lives 0 (t5 wond]ful4 ,"o ( ! lead]s ( ! ,oude ,t]ai gangs nam$ ,lucke1 :5 arre/$1 describ$ =ty-n9e ,dacoities at :i* he _h be5 pres5t dur+ 8 c>e] ( tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,! local au?orities to :om 8 n>ratives 7 s5t endors$ 8 acc\nt ( =ty-"o z hav+ be5 p]petrat$ precisely z he describ$ !m1 ?\gh _m ( !m _h tak5 place ne> ,calcutta1 "s f\r or five hundr$ miles f ! biv\ac 9 ,oude =e/ f :i* ! gang _h set out4 ,ref]5ce has be5 made to ! disguises assum$ by ! ,dacoits4 ,! mo/ suitable to ! locality 9 :i* !y 7 ab\t to "w 7 z a rule select$4 ,?us1 nor? ( ! ,jumna !y became c>ri]s ( ,ganges1 or holy wat]1 because m5 ( t class 7 cont9ually to be met ) on ^? roads4 ,s\? ( ! ,jumna !y pret5d$ to be pilgrims j\rney+ to "s sacr$ %r9e1 or relatives sadly convey+ ! bones ( ! dep>t$ to ! banks ( ! ,ganges1 or ! fri5ds ( a bridegroom s5t to fet* & br+ home 8 bride4 ,! rle ( fun]al m\rn]s 0 v popul> because out ( respect = _! sorr[ful bus9ess !y 7 treat$ ) mu* def]5ce & subject$ to no inconv5i5t inquiries z to :5ce !y came or :i!r !y 7 go+4 ,! bones !y c>ri$ 7 commonly ^? ( inf]ior animals1 wild or dome/ic2 !y 7 kept 9 bags1--r$ = male bones1 :ite = female1--& at _! halt+ places ^! bags 7 susp5d$ f ! apex ( a triangle =m$ by ?ree /\t poles1 to be us$ lat] z ! h&les = ! spe>-heads conceal$ 9 _! wai/b&s4 ,ano!r fav\rite disguise 0 t ( ! ,br9j>as1 ! traditional c>ri]s ( gra9 & salt1 :o travel long di/ances convey+ ! gra9 to ! sea coa/ & return+ ) ! salt4 ,^! ,br9j>as 7 a peculi> & di/9ct race1 :o 7 mu* employ$ by ! ,duke ( ,well+ton 7:5 ,sir ,ar?ur ,wellesley7 z food-c>ri]s 9 8 ,indian campaigns4 ,_! appe>ance 0 di/9ctive & _! co/ume peculi>2 ( intellig5t c\nt5ance & /rongly knit1 wiry frames1 !y dress$--! wom5 especially--9 fanta/ic p>ti-col\r$ clo!s2 ! wom5's arms 7 completely encas$ f %\ld] to wri/ 9 bracelets ( bone or ivory2 !y wore co9s r\nd _! necks & curi\sly int]wov5 9 _! hair1 :i* gave a /range1 flighty1 wild air to _! always expressive & sometimes good-look+ faces4 ,! ,br9j>as /rictly adh]$ to c]ta9 cu/oms2 !y did n int]m>ry1 & liv$ 9 no fix$ abode1 al?\gh !y halt$ (t5 9 ! same encampm5t = "s "t2 !y obs]v$ ! />s & scrupul\sly foll[$ om5s2 !y spoke ! languages ( mo/ ( ! places !y visit$1 b _h a peculi> dialect ( _! own4 ,!y _h no def9$ religion4 ,a good acc\nt ( ! ,br9j>as is giv5 by ,reg9ald ,heb]1 ,bi%op ( ,calcutta1 9 8 8,indian ,travels40 8,we pass$ a l>ge encampm5t ( #8,br9j>as1'0 he writes1 8or c>ri]s ( gra91 a s+ul> w&]+ race1 :o pass _! :ole "t 9 transport+ ?is article f "o "p ( ! c\ntry to ano!r1 seldom on _! own acc\nt1 b z ag5ts = m weal?y deal]s4 ,!y move ab\t 9 l>ge bodies ) _! wives1 *ildr51 dogs & load$ bullocks4 ,! m5 are all arm$ z a protection aga9/ petty ?ieves4 ,f ! sov]eigns & armies ( ,h9du/an !y h no appreh5sions4 ,ev5 cont5d+ armies all[ !m to pass & repass safely1 nev] tak+ _! goods )\t pur*ase1 nor ev5 prev5t+ !m1 if !y *oose1 f victuall+ _! enemy's camp4 ,bo? sides wisely agree to respect & enc\rage a bran* ( indu/ry1 ! int]ruption ( :i* might be att5d$ ) fatal consequ5ces to bo?40 ,! ,br9j>as' disguise n only s]v$ z a conv5i5t cloak = ! ,dacoits1 b !y sometimes foll[$ ! nef>i\s bus9ess on _! own acc\nt4 ,! l>g] numb] no d\bt 7 fairly hone/ & indu/ri\s p1 b "s succumb$ to ! temptation ( _! rov+ life & ! facilities (f]$ = crim9al acts 9 _! ext5sive w&]+s1 tak+ to ,dacoity & to ! kidnapp+ ( *ildr51 a pr(itable bus9ess1 especially ( female *ildr5 = :om !re 0 a ready sale4 ,g5]al ,*>les ,h]vey1 ! fam\s ,indian police (fic]1 _h b a poor op9ion ( ! ,br9j>as1 :om he call$ =midable robb]s4 ,8 acc\nt ( !m is1 h[ev]1 int]e/+ z supplem5t+ ,bi%op ,heb]'s4 ,he came across !m 9 l>ge numb]s at ! ,sambhur ,salt ,lake n f> f ,jeypore1 :i* !y visit$ f ! mo/ di/ant regions1 ) imm5se droves ( pack bullocks1 br++ gra9 & tak+ away salt4 ,he says3 8,_! animals may be se5 te!r$ 9 hundr$s on ! wide %ores ( ! ext5sive lake1 ea* t&a or company ( _! sort be+ camp$ "u a di/9ct ,naik1 or headman1 9 ! c5tre ( ! drove app]ta9+ to x1 ) _! bullock packs or panni]s neatly collect$ 9 piles ( hundr$s 9 _! mid/4 ,9 ! daytime1 :5 halt$1 _! cattle are tak5 out to pa/ure :]ev] pa/ure may be obta9$1 t5d$ by ! fewe/ m51 (t5 m]e lads1 & n infrequ5tly by girls2 at ev5+ !y are driv5 home1 :5 a piece ( oil-cake is giv5 to ea* animal1 call$ by "n1 & x is curi\s to wat* ! process1 h[ well ea* animal kn[s its "n & waits expectantly = its turn to be call$4 ,at night ! bullocks are te!r$ by means ( a rope pass$ r\nd _! front feet & entw9$ ) ano!r rope fix$ to ! gr\nd ) /rong /akes4 ,!y are picket$ 9 ?is mann] ) _! heads turn$ inw>ds1 9 a circle r\nd ! re/+ place ( _! own]s 9 _! mid/1 & fires are kept burn+ ?r\gh\t ! night to sc>e away tig]s or o!r bea/s ( prey4 ,i h come ^u ! encampm5ts ( ^! rov+ p1 9 ! wilde/ jungles1 or ?read+ _! way ) _! long /raggl+ l9es ( lad5 cattle ?r\gh ! mo/ intricate gr\nd1 :e!r ( rock1 =e/1 s&-hills1 or m>%1 & h be5 q fasc9at$ by ! /rang5ess ( _! mann] & _! qua9t wild ways40 ,ano!r successful disguise made use ( by ! ,dacoits 9 ,c5tral ,india 0 t ( ! g>b & appe>ance ( ,alkuramies1 a peculi> class ( pilgrims :o travell$ 9 small p>ties accompany+ a high prie/1 :o 0 repres5t$ z ! lead] ( ! gang4 8,!y _h f\r or five t5ts1 "s ( :ite & "s ( dy$ clo?1 & two or ?ree pairs ( nak>as1 or #8kettle drums1' & trumpets1 ) a great numb] ( buffaloes1 c[s1 goats1 %eep & ponies4 ,"s 7 clo!d1 b ! bodies ( ! great] "p 7 cov]$ ) no?+ b %oes & a small clo? wai/b&4 ,^? :o _h long hair w5t b>ehead$ & ^? :o _h no?+ b %ort hair wore a piece ( clo? r\nd ! head40 ,! pret5d$ ,alkuramies always took ! precaution ( hir+ ! s]vices ( half a doz5 g5u9e ,byragees or ascetics1 :om !y put =w>d 9 difficult em]g5cies4 ,!y are /range p1 ^! ,byragees1 or religi\s devotees1 :e!r pret5d$ or real4 ,!re are _m classes ( !m ) v>i\s names3 ,jogis1 ,sunyasis1 ,byragis1 ,aghunhotas1 & mo/ly all incorrigible rogues4 ,:5 travell+ 9 b&s !y are /alw>t nak$ fell[s1 /rong-limb$ & /urdy1 unpleasant to meet abroad despite _! %am sanctity4 ,_! solicitation ( alms is m l a ?reat z !y (f] _! begg+ b[ls1 p]emptorily dem&+ contributions4 ,!y d n :9e or fawn l ord9>y begg>s1 b lift _! voices 9 execration :5 _! appeals are n readily met & ) _! nak$ slate-col\r$ bodies rais$ to _! full height1 !y ca/ du/ into ! air to emphasise _! mal$ictions4 ,:e!r by alms or !fts1 ! m5dicant leads an easy1 lazy life1 8 ne$s are well c>$ = by ! *>itable :o firmly believe !y 8acquire m]it0 by m9i/]+ to !m4 ,g5]al ,*>les ,h]vey has giv5 a graphic acc\nt ( a ,byragee he came across at ,?unjna on ! edge ( ,rajputana1 ^: lair or mhut 0 on "o ( ! hills above ! t[n4 ,x 0 8erect$ ne>ly at ! v top ( x among sev]al ov]hang+ rocks1 & rea*$ only by a long p>apet$ causeway1 all sub/antially con/ruct$ ( solid masonry1 b n yet complet$4 ,! ascetic 9 possession 0 9 ! usual nude condition1 f\r squ>e in*es ( rag =m+ 8 entire p]sonal app>el4 ,8 body 0 cov]$ ) a%es1 8 head fold$ r\nd & r\nd ) 8 own braid$ hair l a tall ti>a1 & 8 face & =ehead pla/]$ ) :ite symbolic daubs4 ,sleek he 01 & 9 good condition )al--n at all a />v+ m5dicant1 :atev] 8 p5ances2 & he _h a fat pony too1 9 a well-litt]$ %$ close by 8 own com=table d51 to get up to & scramble into :i* mu/ cause ! good little bea/ "s tr\ble4 ,i ask$ ! man :y ?us disfigure himself8 ,i 0 rebuk$ = ! imp]t95ce by no reply1 z1 sil5tly behold+ me1 he squatt$ on 8 uprais$ hams on ! /one-built t]race ( ! l(ty spot4444 ,he _h1 l mo/ ( 8 k9d ?r\gh\t ,india1 w&]$ to _m di/ant regions & sacr$ spots1 fam$ f old5 times z places to be visit$1 :atev] ! difficulties ( ! pilgrimage4444 ,he _h1 inde$1 be5 a mighty travell] & p]si/5t pilgrim1 ?is nude1 besme>$ gymnosophi/1 ( small wants & great en]gy1 & ! nak$ h]mit became q attractive1 rapt z he 01 h[ev] unclo!d & unbeaute\s1 z he n>rat$ 8 #8pa9ful m>*+s' & ! wondr\s sights he _h beheld & b[$ d[n to4 8,o!r equally devot$ & fanatic individuals1 lead+1 l ?is man1 eremitical lives 9 caves & hovels 9 wild & unfrequ5t$ spots & inaccessible places on crags or rocky em95ces by side ( riv] or sea1 or on temple-topp$ hill or difficult m\nta9 peak1 held sacr$ z ! abode ( _! ,devi & n to be pr(an$1 may be met )1 444 b few s obs]vant or s communicative & fri5dly4444 ,_m are _! devices ( evil-do+ :5 abroad2 & "h ,i conf9e ! rem>k to ^? :o are n :at !y seem to be4 ,?ugs1 poison]s & kidnapp]s are to be f\nd among ,jogis4 ,:5 visit+ ,dw>ka _m ye>s ago1 ,i 0 l\dly curs$ by a ,byragee = n readily en\gh yield+ to 8 dem& = alms1 & z ,i put (f f ! %ore1 to give po9t to 8 execrations1 ! ang]$ fell[1 />k & gray1 seem$ a v blue devil1 z1 /&+ to 8 full height & ) bo? arms /ret*$ upw>ds1 he flung du/ into ! air :ile utt]+ 8 dire/ mal$ictions40 ,pr(essional poison+ 9 c>ry+ out highway robb]y 0 at "o "t spread ov] e portion ( ! prov9ce ( ,b5gal1 & !re is no d\bt x 0 equally preval5t 9 ,bombay & ,madras4 ,murd]s 7 con/antly committ$ along ! road ^u unw>y travell]s :o ra%ly jo9$ company ) /rang]s delib]ately purpos+ to kill & rob !m2 & numb]s ( !fts 7 also p]petrat$ by ! adm9i/ration ( drugs to r5d] _! victims ins5sible & at _! m]cy4 ,! crime 0 greatly aid$ by ! facility ) :i* poison 9 "s =m or o!r c\ld be obta9$4 ,_m %opkeep]s trad$ 9 poisons1 sell+ ^! goods op5ly & ) ! mo/ reckless indiff]5ce4 ,ev5 :5 ! law laid re/rictions on ! sale ( poisons1 ! evilly dispos$ c\ld provide himself f ! roots ( trees 9 ! jungle1 g>d5 or wayside1 or !y might be b\ght f ! num]\s travell+ quacks1 & ! local hakims or 8native doctors0 7 (t5 n unwill+ to supply ! noxi\s drugs4 ,moreov]1 9 almo/ e village "s hag ( evil repute1 half-wit*1 half-midwife1 giv5 to crim9al practices & commonly believ$ to be a pr(essional poison]1 did a sy/ematic bus9ess 9 supply+ drugs4 ,^u "o old woman1 :o 0 arre/$ ne> ,sass]am 9 #ahce1 7 f\nd lett]s & cr$5tials f num]\s memb]s ( ! poison+ community at l>ge :o dealt ) h]4 ,! drug mo/ commonly us$ by ! road poison]s is produc$ f ! datura plant1 /ramonium1 bo? ! purple fl[]$ & ! :ite fl[]$1 & is prep>$ f ! se$s or ! leaves4 ,its noxi\s effects 7 well kn[n to ! anci5ts4 ,9 8,pur*as3 ,8 ,pilgrimage10 t mo/ fam\s s]ies ( sev5te5? c5tury travels1 we read1 8,!y h 79 ,india7 an ,h]be call$ ,durroa :i* cause? di/raction )\t und]/&+ any?+ done 9 a man's pres5ce2 sometimes x make? a man sleepe z if hee 0 dead = ! space ( f\r & tw5ty h\rs & 9 mu* quantity x kille?40 ,x is ref]r$ to 9 ,burton's 8,anatomy ( ,melan*oly40 ,g>cias ab ,horto makes m5tion ( 8an h]be call$ daturah1 :i* if x be eat51 = tw5ty-f\r h\rs foll[+ takes away all s5se ( grief1 makes !m incl9e to laught] & mir?40 ,z an in/rum5t 9 facilitat+ !ft & o!r crim9al designs its prop]ties 7 widely recognis$4 ,9 ,b5gal x 0 usually giv5 z an +r$i5t ( sweetmeats1 or mix$ ) bread or c(fee1 %]bet1 milk1 t>i1 8native spirits10 or introduc$ into tobacco4 ,x 0 reli$ ^u to /upefy2 n necess>ily to kill1 b to produce intoxication or delirium1 or pr(\nd le?>gy resembl+ coma1 ) dilat$ pupils b natural respiration4 ,ev5 :5 life is n s]i\sly endang]$1 ! effects ( ! poison ^u ! p]son are su* t !y seldom recov] _! bodily vig\r4 ,"o 0 /ill a cripple aft] a dose tak5 sev5 ye>s be=e2 ano!r cont9u$ unable to articulate & 0 l a man /rick5 ) p>alysis4 ,memory is long impair$ & (t5 nev] recov]$2 idiocy sometimes sup]v5es4 ,! detection ( ! crime is ?us prev5t$4 ,if dea? occurs1 x may be attribut$ to disease1 suicide or wild bea/s2 if ! pati5t survives1 he has no cle> idea :at has happ5$ to him4 ,! action ( datura is g5]ally an indication t x has be5 adm9i/]$4 ,x is n only a p[]ful n>cotic1 b !re are q unmi/akably *>act]i/ic symptoms4 ,! pati5t1 if n incapable ( movem5t1 w p]=m ! mo/ fanta/ic antics1 w exhibit great excitem5t1 ramble 9 8 talk1 fly into a viol5t rage :5 que/ion$4 ,z x takes effect1 ! suff]] gr[s v ?ir/y1 & dry 9 ! ?roat4 ,!re are ?ree /ages or sets ( symptoms obs]v$3 ,fir/1 heada*e1 dryness ( ! muc\s membrane1 difficulty 9 walk+1 languor1 impairm5t ( vision1 ) ! pupils greatly dilat$2 second1 maniacal delirium1 flu%$ face1 eyes gli/5+1 viol5t p]spiration f incessant motion2 ?ird1 ins5sibility1 coma & possibly collapse ) fatal results4 ,9 ! la/ condition ! suff]] becomes giddy1 /agg]s1 falls & dies4 ,"s ( ! cases ( poison+ by datura may be quot$ "h to %[ ! boldness ) :i* x 0 practis$4 ,"o crime 0 committ$ 9 a ,ja9 temple ne> ,bhagalpur 9 ,b5gal1 :]e ! victims 7 ! prie/ & two ( 8 att5dants4 ,! latt] 7 f\nd "o morn+ 9 a /ate ( mad intoxication1 reel+ ab\t ! gr\nd1 & ! prie/ 0 miss+1 b 8 body 0 pick$ up ?ree days aft]w>d 9 a dry well4 ,x 0 ! "w ( a gang ( pr(essional poison]s :o _h visit$ ! temple o/5sibly to make an (f]+ to ! god b 9 reality to murd] ! prie/4 ,"o ( !m b\ght sweetmeats :i* 7 doctor$ ) p[d]$ datura-se$1 & h&$ !m ov] to ! prie/ = pres5tation4 ,accord+ to cu/om1 he ate "s ( ! sweetmeats1 giv+ a "p also to ! two temple att5dants4 ,! poison]s wait$ till ! drug _h tak5 effect & !n attack$ ! prie/ :o 0 ly+ unconsci\s ne> ! %r9e2 "o ( !m ?rottl$ him2 a second sat heavily ^u 8 *e/2 a ?ird held 8 h&s1 & a f\r? trampl$ him und]foot4 ,! helpless victim soon di$ 9 convulsions4 ,! next act 0 to rifle ! secret treasury kept 9 an inn] *amb]1 & ! plund] 0 /[$ 9 sacks & c>ri$ away 9 a c>t4 ,9 ! end by ! aid ( 8approv]s0 sev5 ( ! robb]s 7 arre/$4 ,?ree 7 s5t5c$ to dea?1 & ! o!rs to transportation = life to ! ,&aman ,isl&s4 ,num]\s victims ( ! crime ( road poison+ 7 f\nd among ! ,p[9dahs or ,afghan trad]s :o travel d[n e ye> f above ! passes on ! nor?we/ fronti] & :o br\ght _! /r+s ( camels lad5 ) m]*&ise & products ( ! soil1 or drove a good bus9ess 9 horse-deal+4 ,!y sold clo? & %awls1 condim5ts1 sun-dri$ fruits1 sweetmeats1 valuable furs1 long-hair$ ,p]sian cats1 /rong1 surefoot$ little horses call$ yaboos4 ,!y visit$ all p>ts ( ,india z f> z ,cape ,comor91 & :5 _! goods 7 sold1 congregat$ at c]ta9 po9ts = ! homew>d j\rney1 & ) _! wallets well-l9$1 !y 7 a likely prey = ! poison]s4 ,al?\gh %rewd b>ga9]s1 !y are an unw>y lot n difficult to dupe & cajole4 ,^! 8,cabulis10 z !y 7 /yl$1 7 at "o "t ! con/ant victims ( datura poison+ 9 ,bombay1 :]e !y (t5 collect$ to enjoy ! proce$s ( _! trad+ & pur*ase goods to c>ry home4 ,numb]s ( !m 7 admitt$ to ! hospital suff]+ f poison1 ! fatal effects ( :i* !y _h escap$1 ?anks to _! robu/ con/itutions4 ,once at ,patna1 9 ,b5gal1 a horse-deal] f ,cabul1 :o _h dispos$ ( 8 /ud pr(itably1 ra%ly made fri5ds ) a c\ple ( rogues :om he met by ! way & :o _h s +ratiat$ !mselves ) him z to be accept$ z travell+ companions4 ,on rea*+ ,b5>es "o ( !m1 :o pass$ z ! o!r's s]vant1 w5t on ahead to a ,s]ai to prep>e food1 :i* 0 ready on ! arrival ( ! p>ty & ( :i* ! ,afghan p>took ) ! o!rs4 ,all 7 seiz$ ) ! usual symptoms1 & :ile ins5sible ! horse-deal] 0 robb$4 ,aga91 a p>ty ( five1 travell+ f ,calcutta1 7 beguil$ on ! way by an oblig+ /rang] :om !y pres5tly engag$ to g out & buy food = !m 9 ! baza> & prep>e x = !m4 ,!y left ! ,s]ai ) him to cont9ue _! j\rney by rail1 b 7 f\nd unconsci\s on ! way to ! /ation1 hav+ be5 robb$ ( _! money & mo/ ( _! app>el4 ,g5]al ,h]vey quotes a curi\s in/ance ( ! h]$ity ( ! crim9al in/9ct :i* %[$ itself 9 ! desc5dants ( ! old ,?ugs settl$ at ,jubbulpore1 9 ! days ( ! active pursuit ( ^! murd]]s by ,sir ,william ,sleeman4 ,a g5]ation ( "y ,?ugs _h gr[n up ar\nd ! ,s*ool ( ,indu/ry1 a k9d ( re=matory = ! (fspr+ ( ! captur$ crim9als1 & ! c>e]s ( "s ( ^! h be5 foll[$4 ,_m ( ! y\?s f\nd employm5t ) ,european g5tlem5 z private s]vants1 & 9 "o p>ticul> in/ance ! inh]it$ prop5sity 0 curi\sly illu/rat$4 ,a railway eng9e]1 ,mr4 ,upham1 employ$ 9 ! con/ruction ( ! ,indian ,p59sula ,railway1 0 /ation$ at ,sleemanabad ne> ,jubbulpore4 ,return+ home "o ev5+1 mu* fatigu$ aft] a long t\r ( inspection1 he lay d[n to re/ on 8 b$ & f 8 t5t1 ! curta9 ( :i* 0 rais$ = v5tilation1 he saw two ( 8 table s]vants--bo? ( !m lads f ! re=matory--engag$ 9 cook+ 8 d9n]4 ,he pres5tly notic$ t !y squeez$ into ! pot on ! fire c]ta9 gre5 pods !y _h pluck$ f a neighb\r+ bu%1 & presum+ !y 7 h]bs ( "s sort add$ = flav\r1 he said no?+1 b he 0 curi\s & hav+ little appetite he d9$ v lightly1 *iefly on rice & milk4 ,he pick$ "s ( ! pods1 h[ev]1 & put !m 9 8 pocket1 :]e !y rema9$ till next day1 :5 he became ill & rode ov] to see ! doctor4 ,he fa9t$ :5 he rea*$ ! doctor's (fice4 ,re/oratives be+ promptly appli$1 he s f> recov]$ z to be able to produce ! pods :i* ! doctor at once pron\nc$ to be ( datura4 ,suspicion ?us ar\s$1 ! two s]vants 7 arre/$ & br\ght to trial1 :5 ! head cook 0 convict$ & s5t5c$ to six ye>s' imprisonm5t4 ,?is boy 0 ( ! old ,?ug /ock1 & obvi\sly ! desire to de/roy human life 0 9 8 blood1 br\ght out by gre$2 = ! object 01 ( c\rse1 to rob ,mr4 ,upham :ile he 0 unconsci\s4 ,!y 7 app>5tly irreclaimable1 ^! ,?ug *ildr54 ,"o boy 0 deta9$ 9 prison until gr[n up 9 ! hope t he w\ld prove well-conduct$4 ,all 8 relations _h be5 ,?ugs2 8 fa!r 7:o _h be5 execut$71 8 uncles1 bro!rs & =ebe>s = sev]al g5]ations1 & numb]s ( !m _h suff]$ ! extreme p5alty4 ,he 0 cognisant ( _! misde$s & ! retribution t ov]took !m1 b 8 own incl9ations lay ! same way1 & no soon] 0 he at l>ge ?an he embrac$ ! evil trade & 0 soon kn[n z a jemad> ) an increas+ reputation z a d>+ lead] ( ,dacoits4 ,ev5tually he 0 won ov] to ! side ( ju/ice & did good s]vice z an 8approv]40 ,a not$ ,?ug poison] ( lat] days 0 a c]ta9 ,rora1 ! ,me]asee--a class ( h]$it>y s+]s--:o 0 long crim9ally active & 9 ! end 0 s5t5c$ to transportation = n9ete5 ye>s on sev]al c\nts4 ,8 fav\rite victims 7 ! driv]s ( bullock hack]ies1 :i* ) an accomplice he w\ld hire1 & aft] !y 7 tak5 sev]al /ages1 he w\ld become fri5dly ) ! driv]1 (f]+ food1 dr9k or tobacco1 :i* 01 ( c\rse1 drugg$ & produc$ ! usual n>cotic effects4 ,:5 ! driv] fell (f 8 box ins5sible1 !y left him to lie !re & made (f ) ! vehicle & its bea/s1 dispos+ ( !m at ! fir/ *ance4 ,?is process 0 repeat$ ) o!r c>ts & conveyances ply+ = hire1 & 9 all cases datura 0 ! drug employ$4 ,?is ,rora 0 arre/$ on "o occasion1 & hav+ to pass 8 own h\se got p]mission to g 92 aft] :i* he came out ) a gift ( poison$ sweetmeats = 8 escort1 & easily escap$ :5 8 cu/odians yield$ to ! pot5cy ( ! datura4 ,a =m ( highway robb]y 0 ! 8,megphunnah ,?uggee10--! poison+ ( p>5ts to remove !m & all[ ( ! kidnapp+ ( _! des]t$ *ildr54 ,! motive ( ?is crime 0 to become possess$ ( ! jewels & ornam5ts worn by ! *ildr51 or to sell ! latt] at di/ant places or to w&]]s :o w\ld c>ry !m to f>-(f c\ntries = que/ionable purposes4 ,br9j>as b\ght male *ildr5 to br+ up 9 _! trade1 & nomadic gipsies ) travell+ %[s want$ females to be re>$ to _! p]=m+ bus9ess4 ,?us a gang ( ,megphunnah ?ieves assembl$ = a fea/ fell ^u a family ( ,yats1 fa!r & "m1 ) two girls & a boy1 & hav+ /rangl$ ! p>5ts 9 good old ,?ug fa%ion & sold ! *ildr51 repeat$ ! process cont9ually z !y w&]$ on4 ,! ga9s 7 small1 b ! murd]s 7 _m & numb]s 7 sold into slav]y ( ! wor/ sort4 ,dacoity 0 practis$ on a l>ge scale 9 _m di/ricts by :ole gangs "u well-kn[n lead]s ) adh]5ts or well-wi%]s & in=mants 9 e village4 ,at ea* religi\s fe/ival 9 ! autumn1 ! b& assembl$ at ! summons ( its ackn[l$g$ *ief 9 "s des]t$ =t or temple1 & settl$ a plan = ! com+ season1 :5 op]ations 7 discuss$2 ! names ( ! select$ victims1 ! nature ( ! expect$ booty1 ! *ances ( resi/ance or ! int]f]5ce ( ! au?orities4 ,new memb]s 7 affiliat$ & sworn 9 at ^! meet+s & ! "w w5t on gaily by ! v>i\s p>ties till ! approa* ( ! monsoon1 :5 ! :ole b& reassembl$1 divid$ ! spoil & w5t into w9t] qu>t]s4 ,"o memb] ( ! gang 0 always a goldsmi?1 :o melt$ d[n ! ornam5ts acquir$1 :ile silks & clo!s 7 dispos$ ( to fri5dly %opkeep]s4 ,a long li/ might be drawn up ( ! pr$atory peoples ( ,india4 8,^! crim9al tribes10 says ,sleeman1 8numb] hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( p]sons & pres5t a problem almo/ unkn[n 9 ,european exp]i5ce4 ,! gipsies1 :o are l>gely ( ,indian orig91 are p]haps ! only ,european example ( an h]$it>y crim9al tribe4 ,b !y are n %elt]$ & abett$ by ! l&[n]s z _! bre?r5 9 ,india are40 ,mo/ prom95t among ^! peoples 7 ! ,me5as1 or ,me5a ,rhatores1 :o 7 f\nd *iefly 9 ,rajputana1 b :o practis$ _! infam\s trade 9 _m p>ts ( ,india4 ,! "n ,rhatore is synonym\s ) ,rajput & signifies 8( royal race10 b ! blue blood 0 drawn f a family liv+ by plund] & ,dacoity4 ,!y 7 settl$ 9 consid]able numb]s at ,%ajanpore ne> ,gurgaon1 & liv$ outw>dly respectable lives1 b _! prop5sities 7 well kn[n4 ,al?\gh !y w5t f> afield to c>ry out _! robb]ies1 !y occupi$ sub/antial /one h\ses1 cultivat$ ! soil & possess$ l>ge flocks & h]ds ) _m swift camels1 mo/ly hidd5 away till ! "t arriv$ = an exp$ition to pilf] & despoil4 ,^! ,me5as 7 ri* & prosp]\s & want$ no?+ b to be let alone2 !y habitually liv$ well1 ate fle%1 drank mu*1 wore f9e raim5t1 & _! wom5 disport$ _m tr9kets & gorge\s clo!s2 _! rejoic+s & fe/ivals 7 celebrat$ ) mu* fea/+ & revelry4 ,!y foll[$ no o/5sible occupation2 !y hir$ s]vants to till ! gr\nd1 & _! villages _h (t5 a des]t$ appe>ance because mo/ ( ! m5 7 abs5t on "s raid4 ,! rema9+ few1 w>y & wat*ful1 look$ out = possible detection & int]f]5ce2 ! wom51 ev5 :5 draw+ wat] at ! well1 7 ready to give ! signal ( al>m or s5d a ^w ( w>n+ to _! fri5ds engag$ 9 "s illegal pursuit4 ,! ,me5as hung closely toge!r1 & if any "o 0 by mis*ance arre/$1 he might c\nt ^u assi/ance & ^u funds rais$ by subscription to provide bribes to secure 8 release1 if 9 ! native /ates1 or = ! paym5t ( fees = 8 def5ce4 ,ano!r crim9al class v =midable 9 _! "t 7 ! ,moghyas1 ^: home 0 9 ,meyw> 9 & ab\t ! direction ( ,neemu*4 ,!y 7 notori\s = ! wide range ( _! depr$ations1 & be+ ( a trea*]\s "*1 !y inspir$ great dread 9 ! regions !y infe/$4 ,!y did n conf9e !mselves to _! own c\ntry1 b spread f> & wide1 & _! robb]ies 7 s repeat$ t at "o "t ! high road betwe5 ,indore & ,gwalior 0 patroll$ by p>ties ( irregul> cavalry 9 support ( ! ineffici5t local police4 ,^! ,moghyas came f a common /ock ( tribal ?ieves1 su* z ! ,budhuks & ,khunjurs1 & 7 notable = _! fav\rite cu/om ( tak+ s]vice z village wat*m5 or *[keyd>s1 a /range practice v g5]al ?r\gh\t ,india & bas$ ^u ! old idea ( sett+ a ?ief to cat* a ?ief4 ,! ,budhuks 7 pr(essional ,dacoits :o always murd]$ _! victims2 ! ,khunjurs 7 w&]]s :o robb$ 9 _m widely sep>at$ di/ricts bo? 9 ,madras & ,bombay1 & 9 times f> back 9 ,jalna1 ,bol>um ne> ,secund]abad1 at ,bell>y 7,madras7 & ,%olapore4 ,! ,mooltani robb]s 7 assidu\s 9 attacks on convoys ( c>goes ( piece goods1 opium & sug>4 ,!re 7 also ,b$[reahs1 freeboot]s & desp]ados ( ! ,nor?-we/]n ,prov9ces1 ,kaim ,khanees1 camel po/ilions1 :o 7 also ,dacoits1 & ,khaik>ees & ,lambanees1 mu* giv5 to crime 9 ! ,dh>wan di/rict & s det]m9$ 9 _! misde$s t no sev]ity %ort ( p]petual bani%m5t _h any effect on !m4 ,aft] a l>ge capture1 ! native magi/rate s5t5c$ e (f5d] to h 8 "r h& *opp$ (f4 ,yet !y at once resum$ _! depr$ations :5 set free & 7 long recognis$ z memb]s ( ! 8lop-h&$0 gang4 ,! ,ooreahs1 or m5 ( ,orissa1 7 poison]s by desc5t1 adepts at dissimulation & l[ cunn+1 mu* giv5 to ! despoil+ ( unsuspect+ females ( ! olde/ pr(ession 9 ! _w1 ! h]$it>y danc+ girls :o 7 br\ght up to ! bus9ess by _! mo!rs4 ,a tr\pe ( ^! girls 7 (t5 ma9ta9$ privately by rajahs & weal?y natives1 & = c]emonial purposes at ,h9du temples4 ,despite ! ta9t ( ill-repute atta*+ to _! trade1 !y 7 (t5 mode/ 9 mann] & ( ref9$ ta/es1 v mu* l ! old ,grecian 8,hetr02 b :5 liv+ at l>ge 9 _! public capacity1 !y 7 (t5 ! victims ( gre$y miscreants :o covet$ _! possessions1 _! pl5tiful ornam5ts & jewelry1 = _m 7 p]sonally ri*4 ,! ,ooreahs work$ 9 gangs & ?ree ( !m visit$ ! h\se ( "s ( ^! wom5 9 ,dum-,dum & br\ght ) !m a pres5t ( food1 curry cook$ by !mselves & drugg$4 ,?is _h ! usual effect & end$ 9 a great robb]y4 ,aga91 f\r ,ooreahs took lodg+s ) a woman 9 ! ,%am ,baza>1 ne> ,calcutta1 & e/abli%$ fri5dly relations1 ex*ang+ sweetmeats4 ,^? giv5 by ! ,ooreahs soon produc$ ins5sibility1 & ! poison]s cle>$ out ! place4 ,9 #ahfi in=mation rea*$ a gang ( ,dacoits on ! look-out = booty t a l>ge consignm5t ( treasure _h be5 receiv$ at ,agra by railway f ,calcutta4 ,x 0 to be transf]r$ at ,agra to camel-back1 to be =w>d$ to its de/9ation at ,jeypore4 ,! lead] ( ! ,dacoits & _m o!rs 7 lurk+ ar\nd drawn by ! sc5t ( ri* prey on ! skirts ( ! great ,durb> !n 9 progress4 ,!y prud5tly resolv$ to delay attack until ! spoil 0 ^u native t]ritory1 & x 0 wat*$ f /age to /age until ! convoy _h ent]$ a pass or hilly gorge "o m>* f ,jeypore4 ,! p>ty halt$ = ! night to biv\ac 9 ! baza> ( a place call$ ,molumpoona1 :]e !y 7 *all5g$ by pret5d$ rev5ue (fic]s1 :o 7 ,me5a ,dacoits disguis$1 & accus$ ( try+ to evade ! transit dues4 ,! real "* ( ! (ficials 0 soon made manife/ :5 ! escort1 :o 7 soldi]s or policem51 ran (f1 & ! plund] 0 secur$4 ,x consi/$ ( a l>ge am\nt 9 rupees & silv] 9 bricks1 coral beads & o!r valuables4 ,! audacity ( ^! ,dacoits rea*$ to great] heights4 ,! royal mails 7 n safe f _! int]f]5ce4 ,by ma9ta9+ spies 9 ! v>i\s po/-(fices1 news 0 always =?com+ ( ! approa*+ despat* ( a valuable prize by ! gov]nm5t mail c>ts or ,dak runn]s f ,agra to ! adjac5t native /ates4 ,almo/ at ! same "t z ! la/ nam$ robb]y took place1 a deta*m5t f ! ma9 gang /opp$ ! mail c>t & seiz$ its cont5ts1 c>ry+ (f a quantity ( bullion 9 ,briti% sov]eigns4 ,a second simil> robb]y 0 also effect$ on ! ,ajm]e fronti]1 9 :i* ! po/-(fice employee 0 w\nd$4 ,^! treasure ,dacoities 7 no d\bt facilitat$ by ! nigg>dl9ess ( ! transmitt]s1 :o s\ght to save ! exp5se ( hir+ a special escort not)/&+ ! enorm\s am\nt at /ake1 z mu* z ?irty lacs ( rupees1 or #cjj1jjj1 hav+ be5 pass$ at times f ,bombay to ,indore4 ,on "o occasion 9 #ahfd1 a police conf$]ate gave notice ( a consignm5t ( treasure1 #cj1jjj rupees1 f ,bombay1 pass+ ?r\gh ,b]>1 :i* 0 int]cept$ & attack$ 9 a rav9e ne> ,mulkapore4 ,! mail c>t arriv$ ab\t dusk1 :5 ! robb]s fell ^u x & ! driv]s1 & ! small escort ( f\r mat*lock m5 fl$4 ,! bullion 0 load$ quickly on camels1 c>ri$ away & buri$ 9 ! jungle be=e ! news ( ! !ft rea*$ ,mulkapore4 ,a mon? lat]1 :5 ! booty 0 ab\t to be divid$ among ! diff]5t gangs engag$1 !y qu>rell$ fi]cely ov] ! %>es & "o ( ! p>ty /ole away & br\ght ! police ^u ! sc5e4 ,! treasure 0 ?us recov]$ & _m important arre/s 7 made4 ,?is money _h be5 =w>d$ up c\ntry to be employ$ 9 ! pur*ase ( cotton at a "t :5 ! great ,am]ican ,w> ( ,secession _h p>alys$ ! cotton indu/ry1 & great ent]prise 0 be+ %[n 9 obta9+ ! sc>ce commodity4 ,?is 8cotton hung]0 ext5d$ to ,india1 & ! productive cotton fields !re 7 be+ despoil$ to meet ! dem&4 ,heavy remittances 9 ca% 7 9 consequ5ce con/antly transmitt$ up c\ntry1 & ! temptation 0 great to highway robb]s4 ,x 0 ! same ) reg>d to opium1 l>gely produc$ 9 ! prov9ce ( ,malwa4 ,n only 0 ! drug itself plund]$ 9 transit to ,bombay1 b ! pur*ase money ( ! goods 0 int]cept$ on its way to pay ! cultivators4 ,_m not$ ,dacoits rose into prom95ce :5 ! crime 0 mo/ preval5t4 ,"o 0 ,j[ahirra ,durzee1 a ?ief ( ! bolde/ type :o w&]$ ?r\gh ,c5tral ,india plann+ & execut+ robb]ies4 ,!re 7 ?irte5 su* crimes to 8 cr$it 9 ! prov9ce ( ,b]> & eight m ar\nd ,poona4 ,he 0 a f9e-look+ man :o 0 caught by ! ,nizam ( ,hyd]abad & s5t5c$ to be behead$1 b :o escap$ f gaol ) ! connivance ( ! native gu>d4 ,he r5ew$ 8 activity & made a great haul 9 ,b]>1 robb+ a c\ple ( c\ntry c>ts convey+ ca% to ! value ( #ff1jjj rupees s5t f ,bombay = ! pur*ase ( cotton4 ,! ?ieves _h only "t to bury _! plund] & disp]se1 b return$ a mon? lat] to dig x up & divide x4 ,aft] mak+ ,poona ! c5tre ( op]ations1 he 0 aga9 arre/$ & committ$ to ! ,briti% lock-up at ,jalna1 f :i* he 0 rescu$ by a d>+ comrade1 ,ki%5 ,s+1 :o =c$ an entrance into ! prison by climb+ ! wall & ov]p[]+ ! s5try4 ,aft]w>d ,j[ahirra1 :5 retak51 describ$ :at _h occurr$4 ,two /eel clasp knives ) file blades _h be5 convey$ f ,bombay & smuggl$ into ! prison4 ,) ^! ! prison]s cut ?r\gh _! leg-irons 9 six days1 aft] :i* _! fri5ds came & c>ri$ !m (f to :]e ?ree swift camels 7 wait+ = !m outside ! t[n4 ,! ,indian crim9als are +5i\s 9 deal+ ) _! fett]s to compass escape4 ,!y are indep5d5t ( files4 ,?irty ( ! wor/ prison]s conf9$ 9 ! c5tral gaol ( ,agra contriv$ to cut ?r\gh _! irons by means ( ?reads manufactur$ f _! clo?+ & ?ickly coat$ ) p\nd$ glass or em]y p[d]4 ,! ?reads 7 fir/ ano9t$ ) gum to :i* ! p[d] adh]$1 ?us =m+ a saw+ in/rum5t equal to a file4 ,j[ahirra's subsequ5t depr$ations 7 on a l>ge scale4 ,he 0 (t5 associat$ ) ! notori\s ,dacoit ,jeewun ,s+1 7( :om m directly71 & !y controll$ l>ge numb]s ( tribal ?ieves1 ,me5as & ,rhatores & ,rohillas1 :o 7 at "o "t comput$ to am\nt to ne>ly f\r hundr$4 ,j[ahirra 0 9 due c\rse tri$ z a pr(essional ,dacoit & s5t5c$ to f\rte5 ye>s' transportation to ! ,&aman ,isl&s4 ,jeewun ,s+ 0 a native ( ,bikane] & a camel c>ri] :o convey$ specie & o!r consignm5ts = ! bank]s ( ,b]>1 & z su* he enjoy$ a reputation = hone/y & fair deal+ 9 ! deliv]y ( goods entru/$ to him4 ,yet he 0 9 collusion ) ,me5a ,dacoits :o came d[n f ! c\ntry 9 que/ ( plund]1 & :om he h>b\r$ & hid 9 two temples ne> ,oomraotee until news came ( treasure on ! move4 ,jeewun ,s+1 :o _h tak5 s]vice ) ! ,mypore police = 8 p]sonal safety1 secretly direct$ ^! gangs & 0 conc]n$ 9 sev]al ( ! heavie/ robb]ies1 receiv+ always 8 %>e ( ! proce$s1--a f\r? or fif?4 ,he did n jo9 p]sonally 9 ! "w1 b s5t ag5ts to repres5t him4 ,he 0 a g5]al c>ri]1 ^: camels travell$ to ,bombay1 ,indore1 ,jeypore1 ,jubbulpore1 & :o 0 true to 8 employ]s z a cloak to 8 proce$+s aga9/ o!rs4 ,?is police inspector1 s long ! conf$]ate ( robb]s1 liv$ "u a cl\d & 8 arre/ 0 (t5 /rongly urg$1 b he 0 sp>$ ?r\gh ! protection ( 8 police sup]iors1 & n a little on acc\nt ( 8 usefulness 9 secur+ ! conviction ( o!rs4 ,b ?is d\ble traitor1 disloyal to 8 sect & ! betray] ( 8 conf$]ates1 0 9 ! end dismiss$ f ! s]vice4 ,ki%5 ,s+1 ! not$ ,rhatore lead] ( ,dacoits :o rescu$ ,j[ahirra ,durzee1 0 "o ( ! *ief ag5ts ( ?is same ,jeewun ,s+4 ,ki%5 ,s+ 0 in=m$ aga9/ by 8 conf$]ate1 ,*\tmull1 = decl9+ to submit to 8 dem&s & 0 suppos$ to h di$ 9 cu/ody at ,aboo4 ,! /ory ( ?is fictiti\s dea? s admirably illu/rates ,ea/]n duplicity t x des]ves m5tion4 ,ki%5 ,s+ 0 a desp]ate "* ^: crimes 7 _m & atroci\s4 ,he murd]$ "o ( 8 associates 9 a mail c>t robb]y2 he attack$ two sepoys go+ on furl\gh1 & 9 ! fight :i* ensu$ slew "o :ile he himself 0 w\nd$2 & he 0 9 ! habit ( disguis+ himself z an (fic] 9 ! ,nizam's cavalry 9 ord] to c>ry out 8 robb]ies4 ,"o ( 8 mo/ d>+ de$s 0 rifl+ a treasure convoy on ! high-road betwe5 ,%olapore & ,hyd]abad4 ,! money 0 #cj1jjj rupees 9 specie & "s *e/s ( bullion1 & 0 c>ri$ 9 ! wagons ( a transit ag5cy "u escort ( "s ,arab m]c5>ies4 ,a fi]ce conflict 0 f\ght1 b ! ,dacoits got ! be/ ( x & c>ri$ (f ! treasure4 ,lat] ,ki%5 ,s+ 0 arre/$ & laid by ! heels at ,m\nt ,aboo to await trial4 ,he 0 resolv$ to escape 8 fate ( c]ta9 transportation4 ,fir/ he tri$ to commit suicide ) a piece ( glass1 !n he simulat$ madness & at la/ took to mal+]+4 ,he 0 seiz$ ) a t]rible hack+ c\gh & grew visibly worse1 s t 8 release z incurable 0 all b recomm5d$4 ,!n he app>5tly di$4 ,leave 0 s\ght f ! local au?orities to bury him & n burn him z 0 ! usual proc$ure ) a ,h9du corpse4 ,8 body 0 h&$ ov] = int]m5t to f\r or five l[ ca/e m5 engag$ by an old & fai?ful foll[] ( 8 :o _h tak5 ! g>b ( a m5dicant & occupi$ a small hut j outside ! gaol gates4 ,! und]tak]s 7 9 ! secret1 & !y plac$ ! liv+ corpse 9 a %all[ grave face d[nw>d1 cov]+ x ) ?orns & bru%wood1 on ! top ( :i* a ?9 lay] ( e>? 0 laid4 ,! defunct made no move1 & aft] d>k ! fai?ful ,gosa51 :o _h be5 on ! wat*1 came & dug up ! 8dead0 ,ki%5 ,s+4 ,x 0 ?us cle>ly prov$ t burial did n mean dea? & t1 provid$ a p]son is plac$ fac$ d[nw>ds ) no sup]9cumb5t weight ( e>?1 life may be safely prolong$ = h\rs4 ,! escape ( ,ki%5 ,s+ 0 n realis$ until he 0 discov]$ alive & well 9 8 native village4 ,h[ he impos$ ^u ! m$ical (fic] ^: duty x 0 to furni% a c]tificate ( dea? does n appe> ^u ! record4 ,a curi\s feature 9 ,indian ,dacoity 0 t gangs 7 l$ 9 m ?an "o in/ance by female jemad>s or capta9s4 ,"o ( ! mo/ notable 0 a c]ta9 ,tumbol9 ^: husb& _h met 8 des]ts 9 ! ,madras t]ritory & _h be5 execut$4 ,aft] 8 dea?1 8 wife 0 in/all$ 9 8 place by ! univ]sal acclaim ( 8 foll[]s1 & %e fully ju/ifi$ h] appo9tm5t4 ,%e became a mo/ capable *ief1 ably manag$ all ! affairs ( ! gang1 s\ght out ! ne$ful in=mation z to ! promise ( spoil1 ! be/ me?ods ( attack1 & settl$ e prelim9>y4 ,%e w5t ) h] m5 to ! po9t ( action1 b did n jo9 p]sonally 9 ! fray1 leav+ ! actual comm& to a tru/y lieut5ant1 by "n ,himtya1 *os5 by h]self1 & :o became h] "r h& man4 ,"o ( ! bolde/ op]ations ev] attempt$ by ,dacoits 0 ! attack made by ,tumbol9's gang ^u a milit>y treasure 9 ! he>t ( ! milit>y cantonm5ts ( ,%olapore4 ,9 que/ ( booty1 %e _h br\ght h] p>ty d[n 9 p]son f ,c5tral ,india & _h encamp$ at ,nuldroog1 ab\t fifte5 miles f ,%olapore1 a wild spot )9 ! t]ritory ( ! ,nizam ( ,hyd]abad4 ,accompani$ by h] fai?ful ,himtya & o!rs1 disguis$ z w&]+ m9/rels1 %e explor$ ! neighb\rhood & p5etrat$ ! milit>y qu>t] ( ,%olapore4 ,!y sang _! songs be=e ! (fic]s' bungal[s & at la/ boldly ent]$ ! g5]al's g>d5 9 :i* a s5try 0 po/$4 ,ov] ! h$ge !y saw a s5try1 & m to ! purpose1 saw t he 0 9 *>ge ( ! treasure *e/ ( ! milit>y =ce4 ,mean:ile ,himtya _h gone (f indep5d5tly & _h m>k$ d[n z a hopeful prey ! h\se ( a weal?y tobacconi/ & bank] 9 ! t[n ( ,%olapore4 ,! two ent]prises 7 discuss$ t night on return to camp1 & al?\gh ! bank]'s promis$ to be ! easie/ job1 an attack ^u a milit>y =ce 0 ! mo/ audaci\s &1 if successful1 w\ld secure ! l>ge/ pre/ige4 ,x 0 decid$ to attempt ! latt] ent]prise1 paus+ = a day or two 9 ord] to reconnoitre _! gr\nd1 ! be/ means ( approa*1 & ! sure/ l9e ( retreat if pursu$4 ,! ,briti% g>rison 0 l>ge & consi/$ ( a native infantry & a troop ( ,european horse artill]y4 ,x 0 an important /ation :]e _m high (ficials resid$1 judge1 collector & magi/rate1 & a local gaol 0 e/abli%$ )9 ! =t4 ,x 0 a h>d nut to crack1 b ,tumbol9 did n despair4 ,fir/ remov+ _! encampm5t to "s di/ance1 ! r5dezv\s 0 fix$ on "s brok5 gr\nd ne> ! deposit$ treasure1 :i* 0 la/ se5 by ,himtya :5 be+ lock$ up 9 ! "r h& comp>tm5t ( ! tumbril4 ,at nightfall ! sepoy s5try gu>d retir$ into _! gu>d room1 leav+ a d\ble s5try to gu>d ! treasure4 ,himtya's fir/ /ep 0 to secure ! gu>d by lock+ !m into _! qu>t]s2 !n he & 8 m5 crept up "u cov] ( a tall cactus h$ge until !y rea*$ ! tumbril1 :5 two ( ! ,dacoits ru%$ simultane\sly ^u ! two s5tries & spe>$ !m1 :ile a ?ird robb] broke (f ! padlock ( ! tumbril & laid op5 ! "r comp>tm5t ( ! treasure *e/4 ,x 0 empty1 = ! money _h be5 transf]r$ t v day to ! o!r side4 ,by ?is "t1 ! al>m _h be5 rais$4 ,! s5try 9 ! g5]al's g>d5 adjo9+ op5$ fire1 & "s ( ! (fic]s ran up ) %ot-guns1 by :i* "o ( ! robb]s 0 w\nd$4 ,! attack _h fail$ & ! tables 7 turn$4 ,! bugles rang out ) a g5]al call to arms & ! baffl$ ,dacoits ha/ily decamp$4 ,pursuit foll[$1 b ! robb]s 7 fleet ( foot & arriv$ safely at _! encampm5t1 :]e all 0 9 read9ess = flight1 ponies 7 m\nt$1 ,tumbol9 a/ride on h] fav\rite piebald1 & !y gallop$ away ?r\gh ! night & ! next day until ! p>ty rea*$ & cross$ ! ,ki/na1 aft] :i* !y 7 beyond pursuit4 ,great commotion _h be5 caus$ 9 ,%olapore4 ,! troops /ood to _! arms all night & patrols ( cavalry sc\r$ ! :ole c\ntry r\nd4 ,! ,engli% g5]al 9 comm& report$ t ,%olapore _h be5 attack$ by a num]\s & well-organis$ b&itti1 b1 z a matt] ( fact1 ,tumbol9's :ole gang numb]$ no m ?an sixte5 p]sons4 ,tumbol9 long cont9u$ h] depr$ations & h] success 0 great4 ,t5 ye>s aft] ! attack on ,%olapore1 h] gang visit$ ! city ( ,poona at a mom5t :5 ! *ief ( police 0 be+ m>ri$ & ! entire =ce 0 9 att5dance ^u ! m>riage procession4 ,himtya seiz$ ! occasion to break into ! h\se ( a ri* ,m>w>ee m]*ant & rifle 8 /rong room4 ,! attack 0 made ) fl>+ tor*es & a great outcry & succe$$1 b two ( ! robb]s 7 captur$ z !y fl$ ?r\gh ! t[n1 "o ( !m ,himtya himself4 ,tumbol9 escap$ & 01 inde$1 nev] tak51 al?\gh a l>ge price 0 put ^u h] head4 ,%e retir$ at l5g? at a good old age to die peacefully among h] own p 9 ! fa/nesses ( ! ,oude ,t]ai4 ,grassia 0 a fam\s lead] ( ,khunjur ,dacoits :o _h become an approv] aft] capture4 ,:5 he di$ 8 wid[1 a woman ( f9e pres5ce & mascul9e gait1 consecrat$ h] *ildr5 by a solemn oa? to _! fa!r's pr(ession4 ,%e seem$ to anticipate t ! boys w\ld be wor? little at ! "w1 b reli$ ^u h] "o girl to turn into a capable lead] su* z ,tumbol94 ,grassia's daught] grew up into a f9e woman1 ) no p>ticul> good looks1 b ( impos+ aspect4 ,%e nev] m>ri$1 be>+ 9 m9d h] "m's injunctions to devote h]self to ! c>e ( h] bro!rs1 & to keep ,tumbol9 be=e h] z a model = imitation1 & %e no d\bt l$ h] gang ) mu* en]gy & success4 ,9 old] times !re 7 female ,?ugs1 wom5 :o accompani$ _! husb&s on exp$itions1 & "o is m5tion$ by ,sleeman :o 0 ! jemad> ( a gang ( h] own4 ,a horrible /ory ( a ,dacoit's rev5ge is told by ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,craw=d4 ,aft] an outbreak ( ! ,bheels 9 ,octob]1 #aheh1 :i* 0 comm5c$ by "o ( _! numb]1 ,bhagoji ,naique1 %oot+ ! sup]9t5d5t ( ! police ne> ,s9nur1 ! majority ( ! ,bheels took to ,dacoity "u ! lead]%ip ( ,bhagoji4 ,at ?is "t an old ,bheel nam$ ,yesoo1 a fri5d ( ,bhagoji's1 0 liv+ 9 ! same neighb\rhood 9 a village :i* 0 a fav\rite camp+ gr\nd = ,europeans on acc\nt ( ! facilities x (f]$ = sport4 ,yesoo 0 on v fri5dly t]ms ) ! sportsm5 & endeav\r$ to dissuade ,bhagoji f 8 traitor\s designs1 b )\t success4 ,aft] ! murd] ( ! police (ficial1 ,yesoo refus$ to jo9 ! rebels1 & 0 excus$ on acc\nt ( 8 age & lam5ess & left to live 9 peace 9 8 village1 ,bhagoji little ?9k+ t all ! :ile he 0 secretly supply+ ! ,engli% ) valuable in=mation conc]n+ ! plans & :]eab\ts ( ! ,dacoits4 ,:5 ! di/urbance _h be5 quell$ & an amne/y proclaim$1 "o ( ,bhagoji's mo/ fai?ful adh]5ts return$ to 8 home & settl$ d[n quietly 9 8 native village n f> f ,yesoo1 :o by ?is "t 0 well kn[n to h be5 a gov]nm5t in=m] & 0 v pr\d ( ! fact4 ,?is app>5tly did n affect ,hanmant1 :o tri$ to be on good t]ms ) ! old man1 & frequ5tly visit$ him1 invit+ him to br+ 8 family ov] to 8 7,hanmant's7 village4 ,b ,yesoo 0 w>y & kept ! "y man at arm's l5g?4 ,hanmant1 f9d+ all attempts to lure ! old man away f ! security ( 8 own village 9 va91 conceiv$ a diabolical plot to br+ ab\t 8 rev5ge4 8,tak+ "s fifte5 or tw5ty ( 8 own p & a few m ,bheels :o _h sworn to be rev5g$ on ,yesoo1 he repair$ "o night to ,yesoo's village1 sil5tly surr\nd$ ! ,bheel qu>t]1 & !n s5t "o ( 8 m5 to fire ! village /acky>d at ! o!r side ( ! village4 ,j z he anticipat$1 ! al>m 0 no soon] giv5 ?an e male ,bheel 9 ! #8,w>ra' 7_! qu>t]s outside ! village prop]71 includ+ ,yesoo & 8 two sons1 w5t (f at be/ spe$ to ! fire1 ! wom5 & *ildr5 collect+ outside _! huts to view ! blaze4 ,9 an in/ant ! rev5geful gang surr\nd$ ! #8,w>ra1' & ) 8 own h& ,hanmant cut d[n & horribly mutilat$ ,yesoo's two wives & daught]s1 ! o!r wom5 7 gagg$ & b\nd1 & !n ,hanmant & a select few1 arm$ ) mat*locks1 lay 9 ambu% by ! pa? ,yesoo & 8 sons mu/ return by4 ,yesoo he %ot ) ! muzzle ( 8 gun ne>ly t\*+ 8 body1 & ! sons & "o ,bheel :o %[$ fight 7 dispos$ ( by 8 comrades2 ! o!r ,bheels disp]s$1 :ile ,hanmant & 8 gang quietly return$ home4 ,suspicion1 ( c\rse1 imm$iately fell ^u ,hanmant4 ,"o ( 8 conf$]ates pea*$4 ,hanmant escap$ into ! jungle1 b 0 caught half-fami%$ ab\t a week aft]w>d4 ,ultimately he & two accomplices 7 execut$ at ! sc5e ( ! murd]1 ,hanmant exult+ up to ! la/ mom5t 9 ! dreadful de$1 :i* he _h be5 brood+ ov] = ne>ly five ye>s40 ,,*apt] ,v ,,*>act]i/ic ,,crimes ,ext5d$ use ( poison--,horrible /ories--,! ,gaekw> ( ,b>oda *>g$ ) attempt$ poison ( ,briti% resid5t1 ,colonel ,phayre--,diamond du/--,mod]n in/ances 9 ,bombay--,murd]s num]\s--,police practices t5d+ to concealm5t ( evid5ce--,decapitation--,/rangulation--, /++ to dea?--,cru%+ to dea? by an elephant--,lead+ traits 9 ,indian crim9als--,frauds & =g+--,/ory ( ! ,black ,hole ( ,calcutta4 ,! crime ( secret poison+ z a le?al ag5t has ev] l>gely prevail$ among a timid & deceitful p incl9$ to pref] trea*]y to op5 viol5ce4 ,"u ! ,mussulman dyna/y1 assass9ation by poison fl\ri%$ exce$+ly4 ,x 0 effective 9 remov+ a pe/il5t competitor or a too ambiti\s m9i/]1 a jeal\s or untru/wor?y wife or a hateful husb&4 ,! action ( poison 0 (t5 my/]i\s & its symptoms obscure 9 c\ntries :]e ! light ( m$ical k burn$ dimly1 & :5 fatal might easily be attribut$ to ! noxi\s effect ( ! n>cotics s l>gely indulg$ 94 ,! facility ) :i* poison c\ld be adm9i/]$ is con/antly indicat$ 9 ! anci5t writ+s2 ! ,%a/ras or sacr$ books ( ! ,h9dus1 illu/rat+ & expla9+ ! ,v$as1 enl>ge ^u ! precautions t %\ld be tak5 to protect ! life ( ! rajah or rul] f ! subtle attacks ( ^? ar\nd him4 ,! dang] ( dea? by poison+ lurks commonly 9 ! dome/ic relations2 a great cr[d ( s]vants fill ! purlieus ( ! palace1 actively engag$ 9 ! prep>ation ( food & (t5 at lib]ty to pass freely to & fro4 ,"o ,%a/ra lays d[n ! necess>y qualities ( a cook z skill1 cleanl9ess1 good "* & ev5 temp] s t nei!r gre$ nor rev5geful feel+ %\ld incite him or h] to mix some?+ poison\s 9 ! pot4 ,ano!r goes fur!r & enl>ges ?us ^u ! me?ods ( detect+ ! p]sonal *>act]i/ics ( any "o likely to give poison1--8,he does n answ] que/ions1 or only gives evasive answ]s2 he speaks nons5se2 rubs ! great toe along ! gr\nd & %iv]s2 8 face is discol\r$2 he rubs ! roots ( ! hair ) 8 f+]s2 & he tries by e means to leave ! h\se40 ,execution 9 ,india ,a common mode ( execution 9 ,india1 = :i* ! elephant is easily tra9$4 ,9 ! e>ly times ( upris+ or rebellion1 elephants 7 also us$ aga9/ ! enemy1 & w\ld make %ort "w ( pil+ up great pyramids ( human heads4 ,illu/ration ,"s horrible /ories are pres]v$ ( ! ru?less adm9i/ration ( poison by ! ,mohamm$an sov]eigns 9 ,india4 ,?us ,tav]ni]1 ! ,fr5* travell] 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 says ( ! great /ate prison ( ,gwalior t ! emp]or ,aurungzeb 0 s s5sitive le/ he %\ld be /igmatis$ z a cruel pr9ce he nev] suff]$ any great subject to survive long 9 prison2 at ! end ( ! n9? or t5? day ! captive 0 remov$ by poison4 ,no d\bt ,hyd] ,ali poison$ a numb] ( 8 ,engli% prison]s1 & ! inhuman murd] ( ,g5]al ,ma!ws by ,tippoo ,s+ is told by ,james ,bri/[e1 :o suff]$ a long captivity "u ! same m]ciless mon>*4 ,! g5]al 0 poison$ "u ! mo/ abom9able circum/ances4 ,he 0 />v+ himself to dea? r ?an p>take ( ! food issu$ to him1 :i* he _h discov]$ conta9$ poison4 ,he /udi\sly ab/a9$ f food = sev]al days until at l5g?1 tortur$ by ov]ma/]+ hung]1 he dev\r$ a plate ( poison$ victuals & expir$ a few h\rs lat] 9 viol5t convulsions4 ,ano!r (fic]1 ,capta9 ,romley1 :o saw himself con/ra9$ to swall[ poison1 pref]r$ to commit suicide by "s o!r means4 ,yet aga91 ,lieut5ant ,fras] _h poison =cibly p\r$ d[n 8 ?roat4 ,! traditions ( ! native /ates z to poison+ 7 pres]v$ 9 at lea/ "o till a late date 9 ! la/ c5tury4 ,9 ,b>oda1 a ,rajput rul]1 ! ,gaekw> ,mulh> ,rao1 0 ! c5tre ( a ne/ ( crim9al intrigue rivall+ any?+ 9 ! pa/1 z great a miscreant z any "o 9 8 deprav$ c\rt & m guilty ?an any ( 8 subjects 9 ! use ( 8 despotic p[]4 ,crime 0 ! v brea? ( 8 pr9cely h\se2 its memb]s hat$ "o ano!r ) bitt] animosity2 assass9ation1 l>gely by secret poison+1 0 ! *ief av5ue to ! ?rone1 b all k9ds ( flagiti\s means 7 employ$ to secure succession2 *>ges back$ by elaborate p]jury 7 z (t5 us$ to upset a rival aspirant1 z p[d]$ ars5ic or diamond du/ to remove him p]man5tly to ano!r sph]e4 ,9 ! g5]ation to :i* ,mulh> ,rao belong$1 viol5t dea?s _h con/antly pav$ ! way to ! ?rone4 ,"o ( five sons reign$ 9 #ahdg4 ,two ( 8 bro!rs di$ sudd5ly1 & ! pr9ce himself a few ye>s lat]4 ,he 0 succe$$ by ! f\r? bro!r1 ,kh&] ,rao1 :om ! fif?1 ,mulh> ,rao1 at once attempt$ to poison1 b he 0 detect$ & tak5 into cu/ody4 ,!n ,kh&] ,rao s\ght to protect himself by appeal+ to sorc]y & black arts1 & f9d+ no c]ta9 security1 consult$ a ,brahm9 :o /rongly recomm5d$ human sacrifices4 ,:]eupon ,kh&] ,rao select$ ?irty-five prison]s 9 8 gaol ( ,b>oda1 :om he ord]$ = execution at ! rate ( five daily4 ,tw5ty-five _h suff]$ be=e ! but*]y ceas$4 ,mulh> ,rao /ill liv$1 & rec\rse 0 _h to simpl] me?ods2 8 cook 0 suborn$ & provid$ ) p[d]$ ars5ic1 ! mo/ commonly tri$ drug1 b ! poison fail$ 9 effect because1 al?\gh ! noxi\s food 0 consum$1 rem$ies 7 appli$ 9 "t4 ,false te/imony 0 next adduc$1 & ,mulh> ,rao 0 accus$ by p]jur$ witnesses ( plott+ to h 8 bro!r ,kh&] ,rao %ot by a ,european soldi]1 & on ?is flimsy pret5ce he 0 closely conf9$ 9 ! prison ( ,cadra4 ,he _h sympa?is]s & !y soon felt ! weight ( ,kh&] ,rao's h&4 ,f\r ( !m 7 seiz$1 accus$ ( hold+ secret communication ) ! prison]1 & s5t5c$ to v>i\s =ms ( capital puni%m5t4 ,"o 0 hang$1 ano!r behead$1 a ?ird bl[n f ! m\? ( a gun & ! f\r? 0 ?r[n "u ! feet ( an elephant to be trodd5 to dea?4 ,sudd5ly ,kh&] ,rao himself di$1 n )\t suspicion ( f\l play1 & ,mulh> ,rao walk$ /raight f ! gaol to ! ?rone1 :]e he 0 soon to emulate ! misde$s ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,! new ,gaekw> _h no claims ^u ! reg>d ( 8 subjects4 ,almo/ :olly un$ucat$ & ) no m5tal gifts1 he fail$ to inspire respect or devotion4 ,he 0 n )\t a/ut5ess1 b 0 ob/9ate z a mule & fi]ce z a tig]4 ,8 p]son 0 unattractive2 he 0 und]siz$1 ( mean appe>ance1 ) a co>se1 sw>?y complexion2 he squ9t$1 & f 8 l>ge s5sual lips black tee? protrud$ savagely4 ,unlike 8 bro!r ,kh&] ,rao1 he _h no ta/e = field sports1 & he _h conv]t$ ! race c\rse at ,b>oda into a c>riage drive = ! ladies ( 8 z5ana4 ,mulh> ,rao's private life 0 desp]ately evil4 ,9 8 e>ly ye>s he 0 (t5 ?\ght to be mad on acc\nt ( 8 passionate & ungov]nable temp]4 ,ev5 z a *ild he committ$ crimes1 impell$ by fi]ce hatr$ & lu/ = rev5ge4 ,8 y\? 0 made up ( poison+s & attempts to poison4 ,:5 he came to p[] he de/roy$ 8 enemies1 real or fanci$1 :olesale4 ,8 gaol]s collect$ victims 9 a r[1 & "o by "o poison 0 p\r$ =cibly d[n _! ?roats4 ,"o ( ^? he mo/ cordially dete/$ 0 (f]$ poison\s pills1 & :5 he refus$ to swall[ !m he 0 despat*$ 9 a m exp$iti\s fa%ion by be+ squeez$ to dea? 9 a special ma*9e4 ,?is man's *ief crime 0 t he _h be5 a creature ( ,kh&] ,rao's4 ,! new ,gaekw>'s victims 7 s num]\s t x 0 a curr5t phrase 9 ! city1 8,has he kill$ _m to-day80 ,he sp>$ no man 9 8 ang]1 no woman 9 8 lu/4 ,ju/ice 0 b\ght & sold1 ! claimant :o _h ! longe/ purse always won 8 case2 public bus9ess 0 neglect$2 ! mo/ unwor?y 7 advanc$2 brib]y & corruption 7 ! rule 9 e bran* ( adm9i/ration4 ,! cr[n & f9i% to ,mulh> ,rao's (f5ces 0 8 alleg$ plot to poison ! ,briti% resid5t1 ,colonel ,phayre4 ,!re _h long be5 di/ru/ betwe5 ! ,gaekw> & ! repres5tative ( ! ,briti% gov]nm5t1 ^: pr(\nd disapproval ( ! pr9ce's proce$+s 0 soon made manife/4 ,a m s]i\s diff]5ce arose :5 ! ,gaekw> insi/$ t 8 infant son1 born ( 8 late/ m>riage1 %\ld be recognis$ z ! next heir to ! ?rone4 ,!re 7 grave d\bts ( ! *ild's legitimacy4 ,8 "m1 ,luxmeebee1 _h be5 =cibly abduct$ f ano!r husb& :o 0 /ill alive at ! "t ( its bir?4 ,colonel ,phayre refus$ to ackn[l$ge ! *ild & ,mulh> ,rao v[$ v5geance4 ,"o ( 8 fir/ da/>dly attempts 0 to poison all ! inmates ( ! resid5cy by caus+ a p\nd ( ars5ic to be mix$ ) ! ice s5t 9 = daily consumption4 ,?is device fail$1 & ! next attack 0 aim$ directly at ! resid5t ?r\gh 8 own body s]vants4 ,colonel ,phayre 0 9 ! habit ( dr9k+ a glass ( %]bet e morn+ :5 he came home f an e>ly walk4 ,x 0 await+ him on ! hall table & 0 prep>$ ) sug>$ wat] & fre% pumelo juice4 ,"o day he swall[$ only a m\?ful ( ?is dr9k1 dislik+ its ta/e1 & ?rew ! re/ out ( ! w9d[1 :5 he detect$ a small am\nt ( s$im5t 9 ! bottom ( ! glass4 ,:5 analys$ subsequ5tly1 ?is 0 f\nd to conta9 ars5ic & diamond du/4 ,suspicion 0 at once ar\s$1 & ! possession ( ! p[d] *>g$ ) ^! +r$i5ts 0 trac$ to a havild> ( ! milit>y gu>d ( ! resid5cy1 :o kept x conceal$ 9 8 wai/ belt4 ,x 0 n believ$ t any subord9ate & impecuni\s p]son c\ld h af=d$ to buy diamond du/1 & att5tion 0 at once div]t$ f ! havild> to ! pr9ce1 ^: bitt] feel+ t[>d ! resid5t 0 well kn[n4 ,evid5ce s damnatory aga9/ ,mulh> ,rao 0 collect$ t ! gov]nm5t ( ,india atta*$ 8 p]son & decid$ to prosecute him4 ,a special c\rt ( inquiry 0 appo9t$1 compos$ ( ?ree ,engli% & ?ree native commission]s1 ! fir/ ?ree lead+ lights on ! ,indian b5*1 ! second ?ree ,mah>ajas ( ! highe/ rank4 ,! ,gaekw> 0 p]mitt$ to engage c\nsel1 & 0 def5d$ by "o ( ! mo/ em95t ( ,briti% b>ri/]s at t "t1 ,s]geant ,ballant9e4 ,! arraignm5t ( a reign+ pr9ce = ! crime ( murd] by ! supreme p[] to :om he ow$ allegiance caus$ a great s5sation 9 ,india1 & ! issue ( ! protract$ trial 0 wat*$ ) great int]e/ at home4 ,9 ! end ! ?ree ,engli% commission]s 7 ( op9ion t ! ,gaekw> 0 guilty ?r\gh 8 paid ag5ts ( an attempt to poison ,colonel ,phayre1 & on ! o!r h&1 _! ?ree native colleagues consid]$ t ! *>ge 0 n prov$4 ,! result 0 mu* criticis$ & inde$ condemn$1 b ! adv]se f9d+ 0 accept$ by ! !n vic]oy1 ,"l ,nor?brook1 :o =?) depos$ ,mulh> ,rao & depriv$ him & 8 issue ( all rights to ! ?rone4 ,! decision 0 bas$ ^u 88 notori\s misconduct1 8 gross misgov]nm5t ( ! /ate & 8 evid5t incapacity to c>ry into effect ! necess>y re=ms10 ! *ief ( all be+ ! re=m ( 8 own evil nature & p]sonal "*4 ,s]geant ,ballant9e diss5t$ f ! view tak5 by ! ,engli% commission]s & disapprov$ ( ,"l ,nor?brook's action4 ,foll[+ ! old legal axiom t ! be/ c\rse ( an advocate ^: case is bad is to abuse ! o!r side1 ! le>n$ c\nsel ?rew ! blame *iefly ^u ,colonel ,phayre4 8,he 7,colonel ,phayre7 0 fussy1 m$dlesome & ?or\ghly injudici\s10 ! s]geant wrote 9 8 memoirs4 8,!re 7 two adv]se p>ties 9 ! /ate1 & in/ead ( hold+ himself alo( f bo?1 he ?rew himself into t oppos$ to ! ,gaekw> & 0 gre$y to li/5 to e accusation & compla9t t ) equal eag]ness 0 gossip$ into 8 e>s40 ,b ^! la/ 7 by no means imag9>y4 ,mulh> ,rao's vile conduct 0 nev] 9 d\bt1 & x 0 cle> t he _h tamp]$ ) ! resid5t's s]vants4 ,z reg>ds ! diamond du/ :i* play$ a some:at exagg]at$ "p 9 ! affair1 !re is no?+ to sub/antiate ! common belief t x is a deadly poison1 any m ?an gr\nd glass1 :i* has an equally bad "n4 ,x is an old & explod$ sup]/ition4 ,! notori\s 8succession p[d]0 ( ! old ,italian poison]s 0 suppos$ to be diamond du/4 ,voltaire tells u t ,h5rietta1 ,du*ess ( ,orleans1 di$ ( acute irritant poison+1 ! poison be+ diamond p[d] mix$ ) p\nd$ sug> & /rewn ov] /rawb]ries4 ,x may be not$ "h t ! abom9able practice ( wid[-burn+ seems to h orig9at$ z a *eck ^u ! wife's desire to get rid ( h] husb&4 ,! practice dates back to ! "t ( ,/rabo1 :o gives ! above orig9 = x4 ,x 0 s common1 says ,mr4 ,william ,me?old1 t a law 0 pass$ insi/+ t ! wives %\ld accompany _! deceas$ husb&s to ! fun]al pyre4 ,accord+ to "o au?ority1 poison+ by wives 0 s frequ5t t1 9 any "o ye>1 f\r m5 di$ to e woman4 ,orig9at+ z a det]r5t1 ! burn+ ( wid[s became 9 due c\rse an act ( pi\s devotion1 a de$ ( self-immolation acceptable to _! blood?ir/y gods4 ,b ! orig9al reason is (t5 quot$ 9 ! anci5t writ+s1 & ! rem>ks ( a travell]1 ,rob]t ,cov]te1 may be quot$ 9 po9t4 8,! cause :y ?is law 0 fir/ made 0 = t ! wom5 !re 7 s fickle & incon/ant t ^u any slight occasion ( dislike or sple5 !y w\ld poison _! husb&s2 :]eas n[ ! e/abli%+ & execut+ ( ?is law is ! cause t move? ! wife to love & *]i% h] husb& & wi%e? n to survive him40 ,x is v mu* to ! cr$it ( ! old ,ea/ ,india ,company t x /]nly suppress$ ! practice ( suttee ) ! o!r iniquit\s =ms ( wrong-do+1 su* z ,?uggee1 sacrificial suicide1 infanticide & s =?4 ,a crime s l>gely practis$ ?r\gh ! ages by rul]s & prom95t p]sonages 0 likely to be g5]ally imitat$ by common] p4 ,! g5]al use ( drugs to compass murd] :i* /ill commonly obta9s is n a little due to ! facilities ) :i* poisons may be procur$1 n only f ! un*eck$ sale1 b because !y may be pick$ up1 s to speak1 on e h$ge4 ,quot+ ,dr4 ,*eev]s1 ! v>ieties ( poison us$ are v limit$ & may be briefly describ$4 ,! mo/ common are ! prep>ations ( ars5ic1 aconite1 nux vomica1 opium1 ole&]1 datura & ganja1 or ,indian hemp4 ,_m m drugs are1 h[ev]1 procurable 9 ,indian baza>s1 & ,dr4 ,*eev]s has compil$ a li/1 m or less incomplete1 ( upw>ds ( n9ety1 includ+ ^? already m5tion$4 ,( late ye>s ! l>ge increase 9 disp5s>ies & ! wide importation ( *emicals has l$ to poison+ by sulphate ( z9c1 ,prussic acid1 /ry*n9e1 cyanide ( potassium1 belladonna & *lorodyne4 ,"s rem>kable cases ( poison+ 7 br\ght to light 9 ,bombay a few ye>s ago1 *iefly ?r\gh ! /r5u\s ef=ts ( highly intellig5t native detectives4 ,a diabolical plot to de/roy a :ole family1 ( :i* f\r di$ & sev]al 7 ne>ly kill$1 0 ! s-call$ ,de ,ga conspiracy 9 #ahgb4 ,an unkn[n mess5g] deliv]$ two confection]y cakes z a gift ) ! complim5ts ( a ne> relation4 ,fatal results ensu$ ) all :o p>took ( ! sweets4 ,suspicion at la/ fell ^u a bro!r ( ! ,de ,ga family :o hat$ 8 relations & :o accompli%$ ! de$1 assi/$ by an accomplice & especially by 8 fa!r :o pret5d$ to invoke ! aid ( sorc]y4 ,tw5ty ye>s lat] a family ( five p]sons 0 de/roy$ by "o ( ! sons1 ,ba*oo1 a sp5d?rift & gambl]1 :o wi%$ to exp$ite 8 inh]itance4 ,/ry*n9e 0 ! drug us$1 & x 0 adm9i/]$ by ! cook 9 ! food he prep>$4 ,ba*oo's fa!r 0 ! fir/ to succumb1 & he 0 quickly foll[$ by ! re/ ( ! family4 ,:5 ! /ry*n9e 0 f\nd 9 ! exhum$ bodies1 ! police clev]ly trac$ its pur*ase by ,ba*oo f ! druggi/s1 & he & 8 conf$]ate 7 tri$1 convict$ & hang$4 ,! quick-witt$ ,h9du crim9al soon adopt$ ! ,european me?od ( secur+ ill-gott5 ga9s by ! insurance & murd] ( unsuspect+ victims4 ,palm] ( ,rugeley & ,la ,pomm]ais ( ,p>is _h _m imitators 9 ! ,ea/4 ,a poor creature ( weak intellect1 ,anacleto ,du>te by "n1 0 done to dea? 9 ?is way by a fri5d & patron :o p&]$ to 8 vices & (t5 l5t him small sums to be sp5t 9 dr9k4 ,at la/ ! latt]1 :o 0 a bailiff 9 "o ( ! ,bombay c\rts1 contriv$ t ,du>te %\ld be insur$ 9 ! ,sun ,life ,(fice ( ,canada = ! sum ( #aj1jjj rupees4 ,fonseca1 ! bailiff1 paid ! premiums & 0 nam$ 9 ! policy z ! b5efici>y to receive ! am\nt insur$ if x became payable4 ,aft] ,du>te's dea? ! ag5t ( ! insurance company1 suspect+ f\l play1 refus$ to h& ov] ! am\nt & ! police 7 call$ 94 ,x n[ appe>$ t ,fonseca & ,du>te _h visit$ a liquor %op toge!r2 t :5 two glasses ( rum 7 s]v$ to !m1 ,du>te compla9$ t 8 _h a bitt] ta/e1 caus$ no d\bt by ! addition ( a pill :i* he _h se5 ,fonseca put into 8 glass4 ,:5 ,du>te's body 0 exhum$1 ! exi/5ce ( /ry*n9e 9 ! visc]a 0 v]ifi$1 & x 0 %[n t ,fonseca _h b\ght x o/5sibly z a poison = rats4 ,fonseca 0 f\nd guilty & duly hang$4 ,! crim9al op]ations ( ! ,dacoits :o reli$ ^u datura h be5 already detail$4 ,!re 7 also gangs 9 ,bombay :o made x _! bus9ess to arrange m>riages = well-to-d m5 ) suitable sp9/]s ( great attractions suppos$ to belong to respectable families4 ,aft] ! m>riage ! happy bridegroom f\nd to 8 co/ t he _h be5 deceiv$1 & he woke up "o f9e morn+ )\t 8 wife1 :o _h fl$ ) h] accomplices1 c>ry+ (f all 8 jewels4 ,9 ^! cases datura aga9 _h be5 ! drug us$4 ,a company ( poison]s long fl\ri%$ 9 ! prov9ce ,sc9de4 ,^! villa9s 7 9 ! habit ( disguis+ !mselves z fakirs :o visit$ p ( kn[n weal? & (f]$ !m food 9 ,god's "n4 ,x 0 g5]ally accept$ & pi\sly consum$ ) fatal results1 aft] :i* _! h\ses 7 plund]$4 ,! impunity ) :i* ?is crime 0 ev]y:]e p]petrat$ 0 "o ( ! greate/ evils f :i* ,india has suff]$4 ,x is g5]ally believ$ t _m m brutal murd]s are committ$ ?an are actually br\ght to light4 ,! police cu/om ( dragg+ witnesses f _! h\ses = long p]iods enc\rag$ ^? dwell+ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! crime to comb9e 9 conceal+ ! circum/ances &1 if possible1 ! actual fact4 ,x 0 ! habit ( ! police at "o "t to p\nce d[n ^u a suspect$ village1 assemble ! resid5ts1 & h>angue1 br[beat & ?reat5 !m ) pa9s & p5alties to extort unwill+ confessions4 ,worse /ill1 ^! witnesses 7 dragg$ great di/ances1 a hundr$ or a hundr$ & fifty miles1 to appe> be=e ! c\rts to give evid5ce4 ,a great improvem5t has1 h[ev]1 tak5 place 9 rec5t ye>s4 ,good roads & railways h greatly facilitat$ communication1 ! magi/racy is active & effici5t & crim9al sessions are held mon?ly ev5 9 ! mo/ remote di/ricts4 ,murd] by viol5ce 0 q z common 9 ,india z by poison+ & committ$ (t5 by peculi> & unconv5tional means4 ,v>i\s k9ds ( weapons 7 employ$4 ,among !m 7 ! bludgeon & ! club or la?i1 ! /\t & weighty bamboo /aff :i*1 :5 ! ?ick end is b\nd ) iron1 becomes a trem5d\s weapon ( (f5ce4 ,! head is mo/ frequ5tly assail$1 & deadly bl[s result 9 brok5 scalps or cru%$-9 skulls ) frightful injuries affect+ also ! he>t1 liv] & sple54 ,! club is made ( h>d wood & 9 %ape is n unlike an exagg]at$ roll+ p94 ,9 "o case a /one pe/le 0 us$ to p\nd 9 ! victim's head4 ,! fav\rite cutt+ weapon 0 ! tulw>1 or curv$ sword1 :i* c\ld sla% a p]son almo/ to pieces ) clean-cut sauc]-%ap$ w\nds4 ,! tulw> has a %>p po9t1 b 0 seldom us$ to /ab4 ,! halb]d _h a cresc5t blade set 9 a heavy wood5 h&le4 ,a *opp] c\ld d t]rible mis*ief1 ! axe likewise1 & ! bill or hat*et ) a hook$ po9t4 ,dea? c\ld be giv5 ) a spe> head1 arr[ or dagg]1 ! kris or ! aro1 a ?ree-prong$ /rik+ in/rum5t l a trid5t4 ,fatal w\nds h be5 inflict$ by a /rip ( split bamboo long & %>p po9t$4 ,/rangulation has be5 practis$ 9 o!r ways ?an by ?rottl+ ) ! h&k]*ief4 ,x 0 ! cu/om :5 kill+ *ildr5 = _! ornam5ts to squeeze or compress ! ?roat ) ! h&s1 assi/+ ! process ) ! pressure ( ! knee or foot1 & m viol5ce 0 (t5 employ$ ?an 0 necess>y to cause dea?4 ,sometimes "o bamboo /ick 0 plac$ ov] ! ?roat & ano!r "u1 s t ! compression betwe5 became fatal4 ,suicide by hang+ is common 9 ,india1 & sometimes murd]]s1 hav+ accompli%$ _! purpose by cruel bl[s1 h be5 kn[n to susp5d _! victims by ! neck to give ! impression ( self-de/ruction4 ,murd] by hang+ is n unkn[n 9 ,india4 ,!re are sev]al cases on record :]e p]sons1 aft] be+ cruelly misus$1 7 hang$ :ile /ill alive4 ,homicide by expos+ ! victim to be bitt5 by poison\s snakes 0 practis$ 9 ! old5 times & 0 kn[n to ! p5al code z a me?od ( inflict+ capital puni%m5t4 8,wit*es 7 cramm$ into a small *amb] full ( cobras1 :]e !y fir/ half di$ ( fright & !n q di$ ( snake bites40 ,a ,g5tu prison] 9 #agji1 aft] inconceivable torture 9 ! scor*+ sun by day1 0 ca/ by night into a dungeon ) v5om\s snakes to keep him company4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 hi/ory t ,hannibal dur+ a naval action ) ! ,romans laun*$ e>!n pots fill$ ) snakes into ! enemy's %ips4 ,! high intellig5ce ( ! elephant enabl$ ! native to tra9 x to become ! execution] ( crim9als 9 ,india4 ,! great bea/ w\ld obey ! ord]s ( 8 mah\t1 :e!r to kill in/antly by ! pressure ( 8 foot or to protract ! culprit's agony by break+ 8 bones "o by "o & leav+ him to die by in*es4 ,a p>ricide1 b\nd1 0 fa/5$ by 8 heels ) a small iron *a9 to ! h9d leg ( an elephant & dragg$ two miles across c\ntry till all ! fle% 0 worn f 8 bones4 ,at ,b>oda1 9 #ahad1 a slave :o _h murd]$ 8 ma/] 0 simil>ly made fa/ to ! "r h9d leg ( an elephant1 & at e /ep ( ! bea/ x j]k$ ! victim =w>d s t 9 a few mom5ts e limb 0 dislocat$4 ,he 0 z mu* brok5 z on ! :eel aft] be+ dragg$ five hundr$ y>ds4 ,! man1 cov]$ ) mud1 /ill %[$ signs ( life1 & 0 suff]+ excruciat+ tortures4 ,9 ! end ! elephant1 z he _h be5 tra9$ to d1 plac$ 8 foot on ! crim9al's head & at once kill$ him4 ,! crim9al records are full ( ! =g]y ( banknotes1 ! co9+ ( false money1 ( d>+ robb]ies committ$ :5 h\ses are brok5 into1 bank premises invad$ & iron safes are =c$4 ,%>p]s & sw9dl]s1 rivall+ ! mo/ a/ute 9 ,europe or ,am]ica1 h fl\ri%$ & defi$ ! pursuit ( ! police4 ,"s v notable manufactur]s ( spuri\s curr5cy notes h spread dismay 9 f9ancial circles4 ,"o ( ! mo/ active & successful 0 a c]ta9 ,vancutta ,*ellummyab1 ^: arre/ 9 ,madras 9 #ahgb caus$ a great s5sation ?r\gh\t ,india4 ,a va/ am\nt ( false ,madras curr5cy notes 7 9 circulation 9 ! ?ree presid5cies1 to ! total face value1 x 0 said1 ( f\r lacs ( rupees4 ,! fraud 0 discov]$ at ,b5>es1 :5 a pret5d$ ag5t ( a ,madras rajah paid = ext5sive pur*ases ( jewelry ) spuri\s notes4 ,! *ief =g]1 ,vancutta ,*ellummyab1 :5 f9ally arre/$ 9 ,madras1 _h notes 9 8 possession conceal$ 9 an old portmanteau to ! value ( upw>ds ( two hundr$ ?\s& rupees4 ,a few ye>s lat] ,bombay 0 ! c5tre ( op]ations1 & a l>ge quantity ( ! mo/ p]fectly imitat$ notes 7 fabricat$ & 9 circulation4 ,in=mation 0 giv5 by "o ( ! pr9cipals 9 ! fraud to div]t att5tion f himself1 & a desc5t made by ! police secur$ a quantity ( tools & mat]ials = engrav+ c\nt]feit notes & co9+ bad ,au/ralian sov]eigns4 ,!re 7 dies1 m\lds & /amps & a numb] ( co9s1 =eign & native1 manufactur$ out ( ! bas] metals4 ,"o ( ! mo/ exp]t =g]s ( any age or c\ntry 0 a man nam$ ,gov9d ,n>ay5 ,davira ( ,bombay4 ,he came ( a family ( =g]s1 ! son & gr&son ( =g]s1 & did a l>ge bus9ess 9 8 nef>i\s art4 ,a s+le scrap ( h&writ+ suffic$ to enable him to fabricate a :ole docum5t4 ,he knew all ab\t ! action ( *emicals on pap] & c\ld erase all traces ( orig9al writ+ to give a clean %eet = a fre% fraudul5t /atem5t4 ,he 0 kn[n to h conv]t$ a gov]nm5t promissory note ( #e1jjj rupees into "o ( d\ble ! am\nt4 ,8 frauds ext5d$ ov] a p]iod ( five or six ye>s & 7 f9ally expos$ by ! failure ( an attempt to blackmail4 ,davira 0 a popul> p]son because he 0 lib]al to 8 poor] conf$]ates4 ,b he fell at la/ into ! h&s ( ! police & 0 lodg$ 9 ,poona gaol4 ,"h1 be+ resolv$ to avoid trial1 he compass$ self-de/ruction 9 a v reckless fa%ion4 ,a k]os5e oil lamp 0 kept con/antly burn+ 9 8 cell1 r ra%ly4 ,he contriv$ to saturate 8 clo?+ ) ! oil & !n set fire to himself ) ! result t he 0 practically burn$ alive4 ,"o ( ! clev]e/ frauds 0 ! =g]y ( po/age /amps 9 ,bombay4 ,a =g$ /amp came into ! possession ( a ,london collector1 by :om ! fact 0 report$ to ! po/ma/]-g5]al 9 ,bombay4 ,! =g]y 0 ! "w ( "o ( ,davira's gang & 0 trac$ to a ,brahm91 ,%rida1 :o _h succe$$ 9 produc+ an excell5t imitation ) ! clumsie/ implem5ts4 ,he fir/ pr9t$ ! /amp on a li?ograph]'s /one & !n col\r$ x s exactly t x deceiv$ ev5 exp]ts4 ,_m hundr$s ( ^! /amps 7 seiz$ :5 ,%rida 0 arre/$4 ,! +5uity ( ! *eats & sw9dl]s 9 plann+ _! frauds 0 only equall$ by ! simplicity ( _! victims4 ,ov] & ov] aga9 ! revelation ( hidd5 treasure 0 made to dupes1 :o paid = ! k ( ! :]eab\ts ( ! secret ho>ds1 said to be ! prop]ty ( dead rajahs1 or ! proce$s ( great robb]ies :i* _h to be tempor>ily ab&on$4 ,cr$ul\s fools 7 impos$ ^u by fictiti\s fakirs claim+ ! al*emi/'s p[] to transmute ! common] metals into gold & silv]1 or religi\s impo/ors play$ ^u _! sup]/iti\s disciples to acquire a simil> p[]4 ,!re 7 at "o "t ?irty-five diff]5t gangs ( sw9dl]s :o prey$ ^u goldsmi?s1 pawnbrok]s & money *ang]s4 ,"o ( ^! conf$]acies 0 call$ ! 8gold5 gang10 ! memb]s ( :i* utt]$ false money or made l>ge pur*ases ( jewelry = imag9>y gov]nors & rajahs1 = :i* !y evad$ paym5t1 or rais$ money ^u seal$ packets1 ! valuable cont5ts hav+ be5 spirit$ away by sleight ( h&4 ,until ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury v ext5sive frauds 7 practis$ by ! misappropriation ( timb] 9 ! l>ge =e/s ( ,india4 ,! natives seem$ to h believ$ 9 _! prescriptive rights to :at 0 really ! exclusive prop]ty ( ! /ate4 ,?\s&s ( p 7 engag$ 9 cutt+ d[n trees = firewood1 :5 x 0 )9 pay+ di/ance ( removal by road or rail to "s neighb\r+ city4 ,^! depr$ations h n[ be5 *eck$ by ! e/abli%m5t ( an effective1 well-organis$ =e/ dep>tm5t1 ! (fic]s ( :i* control & sup]vise l>ge tracts ( timb]1 cutt+ d[n :5 desirable & plant+ afre% to ensure future supply4 ,! read] w rememb] ,rudy>d ,kipl+'s graphic acc\nt ( ! ,indian =e/ (fic] & 8 rem>kable native assi/ant1 ,m[gli1 ( ! /ory1 ,9 ! ,rukh1 9 ! volume entitl$1 8,_m ,inv5tions40 ,h\sebreak+ is among ! m9or crimes ( ,india :i* is especially tr\blesome4 ,e>!n walls & f\ndations facilitate ! op]ations ( ! ?ieves :o are commonly kn[n z 8wall-pi]c]s40 ,^! depr$ators are 9 ! habit ( mak+ a hole ?r\gh ! walls1 driv+ a gall]y1 9 fact1 into ! int]ior ( a h\se ?r\gh :i* !y c wriggle into ! /rong room1 g5]ally situat$ ab\t ! c5tre4 ,z x is always und]/ood t ! own] ( ! h\se may be on ! al]t & 9 wait+ to receive ! ?ief1 z a matt] ( precaution he w ei!r em]ge feet =emo/ or pu% be=e him an e>!n vessel hav+ some?+ ( ! %ape ( a man's head to receive ! fir/ bl[ ( ! tulw>1 or o!r def5sive weapon4 ,! ,indian h\sebreak] is a slipp]y cu/om]1 difficult to seize1 = he is usually nak$1 & has c>efully oil$ 8 p]son s z to easily slip ?r\gh ! f+]s ( any "o :o lays hold ( him4 ,i _c br+ ?is acc\nt ( crime 9 ,india to a close )\t m5tion ( an atrocity :i* is unequall$ 9 ! annals ( human oppression4 ,:at imprisonm5t may mean 9 ! ,ea/1 :5 inflict$ 9 defiance ( ! mo/ elem5t>y conditions ( heal? 9 a tropical climate1 has be5 record$ 9 lett]s ( blood 9 ! awful /ory ( ! ,black ,hole ( ,calcutta4 ,! miscreant responsible = ! crime 0 ! ,nabob ( ,b5gal1 ,surajah ,d[lah1 :o _h ga9$ a fleet+ triumph ov] ! e>ly ,engli% settl]s1 & hav+ captur$ ,=t ,william at ! m\? ( ,hugli1 & made all ! occupants prison]s1 he turn$ !m ov] to 8 savage foll[]s4 ,= security !y 7 inc>c]at$ 9 "o small room or *amb] "s eighte5 feet squ>e4 ,! season 0 ! height ( summ]2 ! room 0 clos$ to ! ea/w>d & s\?w>d by dead walls & to ! nor?w>d by a wall & door1 s t no fre% air c\ld ent] save by two small w9d[s1 /rongly b>r$ ) iron4 ,into ?is limit$ space #adf human be+s 7 cramm$1 already 9 a /ate ( exhau/ion by a long day sp5t 9 fatigu+ conflict1 & sev]al ( !m s]i\sly w\nd$4 ,pite\s entreaties 7 made to ! gu>ds on duty to dim9i% ! numb]s imprison$ by removal else:]e2 l>ge sums 7 (f]$ z ! price ( ?is boon1 b ) no effect4 ,no /ep c\ld be tak5 )\t ! p]mission ( ! ,nabob1 :o 0 asleep1 & none d>$ wake him4 ,aft] va9 attempts to break op5 ! doors & fruitless appeals to ! m]cy ( ! sleep+ ,nabob1 8! prison]s w5t mad ) despair40 ,! re/ ( ! /ory c be/ be told 9 ! words ( "o ( ! ma/]s ( ! ,engli% language1 ,"l ,macaulay4 8,!y trampl$ ea* o!r d[n1 f\ght = ! places at ! w9d[s1 f\ght = ! pittance ( wat] ) :i* ! cruel m]cy ( ! murd]]s mock$ _! agonies1 rav$1 pray$1 blasphem$1 implor$ ! gu>ds to fire among !m4 ,! gaol]s 9 ! meantime held lights to ! b>s1 & %\t$ ) laught] at ! frantic /ruggles ( _! victims4 ,at l5g? ! tumult di$ away 9 l[ gasp+s & moan+s4 ,! day broke4 ,! ,nabob _h slept (f 8 debau*1 & p]mitt$ ! door to be op5$4 ,b x 0 "s "t be=e ! soldi]s c\ld make a lane = ! survivors1 by pil+ up on ea* side ! heaps ( corpses on :i* ! burn+ climate _h already begun to d its loa?some "w4 ,:5 at l5g? a passage 0 made1 tw5ty-?ree gha/ly figures1 su* z _! own mo!rs w\ld n h kn[n1 /agg]$ "o by "o out ( ! *>nel h\se4 ,a pit 0 in/antly dug4 ,! dead bodies1 a hundr$ & tw5ty-?ree 9 numb]1 7 flung into x promiscu\sly & cov]$ up4 8,b ^! ?+s :i*1 aft] ! lapse ( m ?an eighty ye>s1 _c be told or read )\t horror1 awak5$ nei!r remorse nor pity 9 ! bosom ( ! savage ,nabob4 ,he inflict$ no puni%m5t on ! murd]]s4 ,he %[$ no t5d]ness to ! survivors4 ,"s ( !m1 inde$1 f :om no?+ 0 to be got1 7 suff]$ to dep>t2 b ^? f :om x 0 ?\ght t any?+ c\ld be extort$ 7 treat$ ) execrable cruelty4 ,holwell1 unable to walk1 0 c>ri$ be=e ! tyrant1 :o reproa*$ him1 ?reat5$ him1 & s5t him up ! c\ntry 9 irons1 toge!r ) "s o!r g5tlem5 :o 7 suspect$ ( kn[+ m ?an !y *ose to tell ab\t ! treasures ( ! ,company4 ,^! p]sons1 /ill b[$ d[n by ! suff]+s ( t great agony1 7 lodg$ 9 mis]able %$s1 & f$ only ) gra9 & wat]1 till at l5g? ! int]cessions ( ! female relations ( ! ,nabob procur$ _! release4 ,"o ,engli%woman _h surviv$ t night4 ,%e 0 plac$ 9 ! h>em ( ! pr9ce at ,moor%$abad40 ,x is told 9 hi/ory h[ ! m]ciless ,nabob 0 ev5tually call$ to /rict acc\nt4 ,! ,engli% at ,madras v[$ v5geance1 & an exp$ition 0 =?) fitt$ out = ! ,hugli1 small 9 numb]s1 b full ( undaunt$ _s1 & l$ by "o ( ! mo/ fam\s ( ,briti% soldi]s1 ,"l ,clive4 ,! victory ( ,plassy1 :i* consolidat$ ! ,briti% p[] 9 ,india1 ov]?rew ,surajah ,d[lah1 :o expiat$ ! crime ( ! ,black ,hole :5 captur$ & put to dea? by 8 successor ,me] ,jaffi]4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,! ,,&aman ,,isl&s ,reviv$ z a p5al settlem5t aft] ! ,indian ,mut9y 9 #aheg--,n[ holds "s twelve ?\s& convicts--,port ,blair sy/em e/abli%$--,graduat$ treatm5t--,well-select$ m>riages--,lapses f good ord]--,cases & causes--,assass9ation ( ,"l ,mayo--,! aborig9al ,&amanese--,! ,t>awas--,escapes con/antly effect$ by ,burmese prison]s--,g5]al results a*iev$--,developm5t by cultivation--,cle>ance ( =e/s--,tea plantation--,num]\s exports--,deportation f ! ,/raits ,settlem5ts to ,bombay--,ratnagiri gaol4 ,! ,indian gov]nm5t long practis$ transportation beyond ! seas z a puni%m5t = ! mo/ det]m9$ crim9als4 ,! t]rors ( cross+ ! 8black wat]0 7 v pot5t to ! native m9d1 al?\gh ! effect ( ! p5alty z a det]r5t 0 nev] m>k$ & ! practice gradually fell into desuetude4 ,b x 0 reviv$ 9 #aheg z a solution ( ! difficulty 9 deal+ ) ! great body ( rebels & mut9e]s 9 cu/ody *>g$ ) p>ticipation 9 ! great ,indian ,mut9y1 a special commission 0 despat*$ to visit ! ,&aman ,isl&s & report ^u _! fitness = ! e/abli%m5t ( a great p5al settlem5t4 ,to ! /ud5t ( p5al sci5ce1 ! results a*iev$ 9 ! ,indian ,ocean1 or m exactly1 ! ,sea ( ,b5gal1 mu/ be extremely int]e/+4 ,! sy/em ( transportation has succe$$ bett] !re ?an any:]e else1 :e!r 9 ! ,au/ralian colonies1 :]e x result$ 9 ! creation ( a great nation at ! co/ ( mu* human mis]y1 or 9 ! ,fr5* exp]im5t 9 ,new ,cal$onia4 ,russia has also tri$ transportation on a gigantic scale ) ! mo/ deplorable results 9 ,sib]ia & on ! isl& ( ,saghali54 ,! settlem5t on ! ,&amans1 or m precisely ^u ! nor!rn & pr9cipal isl&1 has by ?is "t accompli%$ a v di/9ct "w 9 p5al colonisation4 ,_m causes1 natural & artificial1 h contribut$ to ?is gratify+ result3 a f]tile soil1 a good1 albeit tropical climate2 an intellig5t adm9i/ration1 :i* has be5 back$ up by ! will+ ef=ts ( convict lab\r]s1 alive g5]ally to _! own b5efit 9 mak+ ! be/ ( ! sy/em 9 practice4 ,! =ce available = ! cultivation & developm5t ( ! ma9 isl& has always be5 l>ge4 ,x is an indu/ri\s1 self-support+ & = ! mo/ "p peaceable population1 :]e good ord] & a quiet demean\r are en=c$ by /r+5t discipl9e1 al?\gh ! inh]5t evil nature ( s _m crim9als _c be inv>iably held 9 *eck1 & gha/ly occurr5ces h f "t to "t be5 record$ 9 almo/ e nook & corn] ( ,port ,blair1 ! headqu>t]s ( ! p5al settlem5t4 ,! ,&aman convict has committ$ "s he9\s (f5ces2 he is a murd]] 9 "s =m or o!r1 delib]ate1 v9dictive1 or mov$ by sudd5 ungov]nable passion2 he has be5 a highway robb] or p]si/5t ,dacoit2 he has =g$ notes or securities on a great scale4 ,he has betray$ a s]i\s tru/1 has be5 a wreck] & desp]ado1 & has m ?an once des]v$ ! extreme p5alty ( ! law4 ,b5ea? ! surface ! community is a see?+ mass ( depravity1 ( wick$ness1 g5]ally lat5t1 b break+ out (t5 9 ! mo/ viol5t & blood?ir/y excesses4 ,to h held ! dang]\s elem5ts cont9ually 9 *eck1 to h l>gely modifi$ & c\nt]act$ _! evil t5d5cies1 & to h return$ ! wor/ *>act]s to _! homes cur$ & re=m$ is a subject = congratulation by ^? :o a*iev$ x1 & "s acc\nt ( ! sy/em employ$ at ! ,&amans is wor? giv+ "h4 ,x is "r1 h[ev]1 to admit t ?is sy/em is n entirely efficaci\s4 ,all are n am5able to bett] influ5ces & a c]ta9 small p]c5tage rema9s incorrigible4 ,"s f\r p] c5t4 ( ! total population h %[n !mselves s desp]ately bad t x has be5 deem$ unsafe to suff] !m to leave ! prec9cts ( ! gaol4 ,e convict on fir/ arrival is relegat$ to ! close conf9em5t ( ! cellul> prison by way ( break+ him 91 & he is deta9$ !re "u ! mo/ irksome conditions = an unbrok5 p]iod ( six mon?s4 ,he rema9s 9 8 cell all day & all night1 save = a brief space sp5t at ex]cise ) o!rs1 b 9 /rict sil5ce4 ,8 next /ep is to an associat$ gaol :]e gang lab\r ( a sev]e "* is en=c$1 & is impos$ = a ye> & a half4 ,!n come ?ree ye>s ( unremitt+ toil1 ! exact c\nt]p>t ( p5al s]vitude z und]/ood 9 ,great ,brita9--h>d lab\r "u sup]vision1 unpaid1 unrew>d$1 b he is well f$1 well h\s$ & c>$ =1 & always closely gu>d$4 ,five ye>s h ?us elaps$ 9 a pa9fully monoton\s & irksome exi/5ce1 aft] :i* 8 employm5t is pleasant] & 8 p]sonal capacity is /udi$2 ! m intellig5t are select$ = positions ( tru/ & au?ority4 ,comp>ative fre$om comes at ! end ( t5 ye>s1 ! convict ga9s 8 ticket-(-leave & is call$ 9 local language a 8self-support]40 ,he has done1 m or less1 ) prison re/ra9ts2 he lives 9 "s small village 9 a h\se ( 8 own & e>ns 8 liv+ 8 own way2 he f>ms2 he keeps cattle2 he moves ab\t freely ungu>d$ & unwat*$2 he s5ds home to ! ma9l& = 8 wife & *ildr52 or1 if s+le1 he may m>ry a female convict 9 ! same position z himself4 ,8 condition is to a c]ta9 ext5t enviable4 ,if indu/ri\s1 he may make & put by money1 b /ill he is ti$ & b\nd by regulation2 he has no civil rights1 & is 9 ! h&s ( a pat]nal au?ority :i* prescribes 8 place ( resid5ce & w suff] him to move to & fro )9 8 village1 if well conduct$1 b he _c leave ! settlem5t & he mu/ n be idle "u pa9 ( ! loss ( privileges & relegation to en=c$ lab\r4 ,exi/5ce nev]!less is tol]able1 & 9 ?is way he completes t5 or fifte5 ye>s m until at l5g? ! "t = absolute release arrives4 ,9 ! e>li] p]iod ( ?is la/ /age he has receiv$ assi/ance 9 ! %ape ( free gifts ( food & tools & a ro( to cov] him1 b 8 self-reliance is /imulat$ by ! obligation 9 lat] ye>s to f5d = himself & accept all ! public burd5s ( ! community4 ,he mu/ pay r5t & taxes & all *>ges exact$ f ! free population4 ,all ! disabilities are equally impos$ ^u female convicts ) p]mission to m>ry or ent] dome/ic s]vice aft] five ye>s ( conditional lib]ation4 ,we see 9 ?is sy/em a consi/5t ef=t to enc\rage self-help & self-re/ra9t4 ,moral improvem5t is its great aim2 good conduct is enc\rag$2 retrogression1 or lapse into wrong-do+1 is puni%$ by ! )drawal ( privileges & a return to irksome re/ra9t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 sub/antial rew>d is (f]$ to ^? :o h made ! be/ use ( _! ticket-(-leave1 & ! old convict1 purg$ ( 8 orig9al (f5ce1 em]ges1 &1 back$ by ! small capital he has sav$1 has become an ord]ly & reputable memb] ( society1 ?or\ghly re=m$1 brok5 to h>ness & reasonably c]ta9 to cont9ue 9 ! /raight road4 ,he is nei!r paup] nor gaol-bird2 he is no unwelcome burd5 on 8 relatives1 no m5ace to public security1 b a s\rce ( /r5g? r ?an weakness to ! body politic4 ,p5al exile has nev] be=e a*iev$ su* excell5t results4 ,/eady indu/ry1 z we h se51 is ! g5]al rule1 & morality is greatly enc\rag$4 ,convict m>riages1 su* a fruitful s\rce ( evil else:]e1 z 9 ,new ,cal$onia & ,saghali51 :]e !y h fall5 l>gely into disuse1 are prec$$ by s _m precautions t ! bond :5 ent]$ into is seldom brok54 ,! fitness ( ! contract+ p>ties is p]sonally inquir$ into by ! *ief au?ority ( ! place :o mu/ give 8 sanction or no m>riage c take place4 ,p]mission is refus$ 9 c]ta9 cases z :5 a husb& 9 ,india decl9es to divorce 8 convict wife1 or :5 ! applicants are ( bad "* or ! male is an h]$it>y ,dacoit1 or :5 !re is a diff]5ce 9 ca/e4 ,great c>e is also tak5 ( ! *ildr5 :5 any are born4 ,! "y are well c>$ =2 prim>y education is compulsory & te*nical in/ruction is free to all4 ,?rift is /eadily inculcat$ 9 ! ris+ g5]ation & /imulat$ by ! example ( ! eld]s4 ,no in/itution is m fl\ri%+ at ,port ,blair ?an ! sav+s bank1 & ! self-support+ convicts are (t5 consid]able depositors f ! economies made 9 _! all[ance & ! pr(its on _! lab\r4 ,sanitation receives ! v be/ att5tion 9 ! isl&s1 & bo? dea? & sick rate are1 = ! ,ea/1 exceptionally l[4 ,! public heal? is seldom1 if ev]1 affect$ by malignant epidemic disease2 *ol]a is a r>e visitant1 & small-pox is con/antly kept 9 *eck4 ,!re is an abundant & mo/ effici5t m$ical /aff1 & ! convicts at l>ge1 z well z ^? actually 9 durance1 c c\nt ^u ! (ficial doctor's unremitt+ c>e4 ,al?\gh ! g5]al tone ( ! settlem5t is excell5t1 & good ord] is pres]v$1 !re are occasionally lapses among ! convicts ^: mann]s & dispositions are by no means mild & submissive1 nor c _! evil impulses be easily repress$1 or /ill less entirely /amp$ out4 ,! convict temp] is irritable & breaks out (t5 into resi/ance to au?ority & bitt] qu>rels ( "o ) ano!r :i* sometimes end 9 murd]\s affrays4 ,!re is a seamy side to ,port ,blair :i* is (t5 %[n 9 resi/ance to au?ority ex]cis$1 z x mo/ly is1 by fell[ convicts advanc$ to positions ( tru/2 = "s six p] c5t4 ( well-conduct$ convicts are regul>ly employ$ z w>d]s1 gu>ds & ov]se]s4 ,?is is 9 accordance ) ! g5]al practice 9 ,india1 al?\gh entirely condemn$ by mod]n p5al sci5ce4 ,nev]!less1 mut9y & insubord9ation are uncommon on any l>ge scale1 al?\gh v9dictive feel+s are ar\s$ & *]i%$ at real or fanci$ inju/ice & oppression1 & 9 ! annals ( murd]s committ$ "o or two convict (ficials kill$ by comrades figure annually4 ,! causes ( murd] 9 ! ,&amans h>dly diff] f ^? incit+ to x else:]e4 ,murd]\s passion is swiftly ar\s$ among m5 ) savage1 irritable temp]s1 quick to qu>rel1 quick] /ill to /rike2 consum+ ?ir/ = rev5ge w be slak$ only 9 blood2 & gre$ & covet\sness are easily awak5$ 9 p ^: self-control is weak4 ,a small reason (t5 suffices = ! infliction ( dea?4 ,a convict ask$ a village woman to be all[$ to husk 8 rice 9 h] mort> & kill$ h] brutally ) an axe :5 %e refus$4 ,an old ,dacoit1 :o _h be5 refus$ p]mission to m>ry1 kill$ a m =tunate rival to :om ! woman ( 8 *oice 0 giv54 ,two convicts1 ab\t to be grant$ tickets z self-support]s1 7 eag] to obta9 suffici5t funds to give !m a good />t2 !y discov]$ t a convict1 :o 0 a notori\s mis]1 _h a secret ho>d1 & 8 fate 0 seal$4 ,8 body 0 pick$ up 9 a runn+ /ream ) 8 head brok5 94 ,a some:at simil> case 0 t ( a lab\r+ convict :o 0 9 possession ( a sum ( money l5t by a fri5d2 he fir/ 0 inveigl$ into a lonely spot & !re knock$ d[n by a bl[ on ! eye1 aft] :i* he 0 /rangl$4 ,a convict employ$ z a petty (fic] 9 hospital incurr$ ! deadly enmity ( a pati5t = report+ him to ! doctor1 & ! pati5t gave v5t to 8 hatr$ by kill+ 8 enemy ) a ?ru/ ( a po9t$ bamboo4 ,! same weapon 0 us$ by ano!r convict :o beat out ! bra9s ( a petty (fic] = slapp+ him on p>ade 9 ! pres5ce ( a hundr$ m54 ,"o convict _h caught ano!r hang+ ab\t ! b>rack room b5t ^u ?iev+1 & hav+ express$ 8 int5tion ( d5\nc+ him 0 murd]$ :ile asleep on 8 b$4 ,a convict w>d] sup]vis+ a p>ty ( sail-mak]s _h reason to f9d fault ) "o ( 8 *>ges = idl+1 & at ! fir/ opportunity1 be=e anyone _h "t to suspect or prev5t him1 ! lab\r] pick$ up a knife & /abb$ ! ov]se]4 ,any weapon w\ld s]ve to give effect to ! homicidal fr5zy2 sometimes x 0 a rice p\nd]1 sometimes a wood5 crut*1 sometimes an axe = cutt+ firewood1 sometimes a heavy mallet us$ 9 wool-teas+4 ,! convicts 7 kn[n to commit ! capital (f5ce 9 ord] to draw d[n ! dea? p5alty :5 !y 7 tir$ ( life f long brood+ ov] fanci$ unju/ treatm5t4 ,s5t5ce ( dea? by hang+ 0 ! inv>iable requital ( murd] :5 cle>ly prov$1 & x 0 pass$ by a sessions' judge1 subject to subsequ5t confirmation by a c\rt ( ref]5ce4 ,less] puni%m5ts 7 sometimes impos$1 su* z prolong$ transportation or relegation to ! *a9 gang1 :ile corporal puni%m5t 0 ord]$ = less] (f5ces4 ,an atroci\s murd] :i* e*o$ ?r\gh ! :ole _w 0 t ( ! vic]oy ( ,india1 ,"l ,mayo1 :o 0 kill$ by an ,&aman convict 9 #ahgb4 ,! vic]oy _h visit$ ,m\nt ,h>riet1 a f9ely wood$ slope ris+ above ,port ,blair & look+ out ov] ,vip] ,isl& ) a glori\s view ea/w>d1 9 ord] to judge ( its suitability z a sanatorium4 ,he _h j f9i%$ ! desc5t4 8,! %ip's bells _h j rung sev52 ! laun* ) /eam up 0 :izz+ at ! jetty /airs2 a gr\p ( h] seam5 7 *att+ on ! pi]-end4 ,x 0 n[ q d>k1 & ! black l9e ( ! jungle seem$ to t\* ! wat]'s edge4 ,! vic]oy's p>ty pass$ "s l>ge loose /ones to ! left ( ! head ( ! pi]1 & advanc$ along ! jetty2 two tor*be>]s 9 front40 ,! vic]oy1 prec$+ ! re/1 /epp$ quickly =w>d to desc5d ! /airs to ! laun*4 ,! next mom5t ! p 9 ! re> he>d a noise1 z ( 8! ru% ( "s animal0 f beh9d ! loose /ones2 "o or two saw a h& rais$ & a knife blade sudd5ly gli/5 9 ! tor*light4 ,! vic]oy's private secret>y he>d a ?ud1 & in/antly turn+ r\nd1 f\nd a man 8fa/5$ l a tig]0 on ! back ( ,"l ,mayo4 8,9 a second twelve m5 7 on ! assass92 an ,engli% (fic] 0 pull+ !m (f1 & ) 8 sword-hilt keep+ back ! native gu>ds1 :o w\ld h kill$ ! assailant on ! spot4 ,! tor*es _h gone out2 b ! vic]oy1 :o _h /agg]$ ov] ! pi]-side1 0 dimly se5 ris+ up 9 ! knee-deep wat]1 & cle>+ ! hair (f 8 br[ ) 8 h& z if recov]+ himself4 ,8 private secret>y 0 in/antly at 8 side 9 ! surf1 help+ him up ! bank4 #8,burne1' he said quietly1 #8!y've hit me4' ,!n1 9 a l\d] voice1 :i* 0 he>d on ! pi]1 #8,x's all "r1 ,i don't ?9k ,i'm mu* hurt1' or words to t effect4 ,9 ano!r m9ute he 0 sitt+ "u ! smoky gl>e ( ! re-lit tor*es1 on a rude native c>t at ! side ( ! jetty1 8 legs hang+ loosely d[n4 ,!n !y lift$ him bodily on to ! c>t1 & saw a great d>k pat* on ! back ( 8 light coat4 ,! blood came /ream+ out1 & m5 tri$ to /aun* x ) _! h&k]*iefs4 ,= a mom5t or two he sat up on ! c>t1 !n he fell heavily backw>ds4 #8,lift up my head1' he said fa9tly1 & said no m40 ,! assass91 ,%] ,ali1 0 a v brave man belong+ to "o ( ! ,afridi tribes1 :o _h done excell5t s]vice to m ?an "o commission] at ,pe%aw> & di/+ui%$ himself z a soldi]4 ,he 0 completely tru/$ by ,colonel ,reynolds ,taylor1 "o ( ! be/ ( our ,indian (fic]s1 :5 at ,pe%aw>1 & 0 (t5 9 att5dance on 8 family2 9 fact1 he 0 ! confid5tial s]vant ( ! h\se4 ,?is man1 h[ev]1 belong$ to a society 9 :i* tribal feuds 7 a h]$it>y cu/om4 ,"s su* feud exi/$ 9 8 family & he 0 call$ ^u to take 8 "p 9 exact+ a bloody v5geance = a qu>rel4 ,_h he committ$ ! murd] on 8 own side ( ! fronti]1 no notice c\ld h be5 tak5 ( x2 & x w\ld h be5 e/eem$ a legitimate de$ sanction$ by ! religi\s feel+s & cu/oms ( ! tribe2 b 8 (f5ce 0 committ$ )9 ,briti% t]ritory & mu/ be tri$ by ,briti% laws4 ,he 0 convict$ & s5t5c$ to transportation to ! ,&amans in/ead ( dea?1 :i* he w\ld greatly h pref]r$4 ,cont9ually brood+ "u a s5se ( wrong1 he took ! fir/ opportunity t (f]$ = murd]\s retaliation & f\nd ! dea? he desir$1 on ! gall[s4 ,attempts to escape f ! isl&s 7 at times frequ5t1 enc\rag$ by ! easy access to ! sea & ! facility ) :i* boats c\ld be seiz$4 ,b recaptures 7 also con/antly made1 & !re 7 o!r *ances aga9/ ! fugitives1 especially t ( be+ run d[n by ! aborig9al ,&amanese4 ,! natives ( ^! isl&s are savages ( a ,nigrito race alli$ to ! ,papuans1 b :o1 f hav+ _h no connection ) ! out] _w = sev]al c5turies1 h kept _! blood absolutely pure4 ,!y are ( small /ature1 ! males a little "u five feet 9 height1 b f9ely made & well proportion$4 ,9 col\r !y are a jet black1 & are among ! d>ke/ hu$ specim5s ( mank9d4 ,!y are invet]ate smok]s1 m51 wom5 & *ildr51 & are bright & intellig5t1 some:at *ildi%1 petulant & quick temp]$1 b m]ry & light-he>t$4 ,!y con/itute a good un(ficial gu>d1 & z !y con/antly pr[l r\nd ! convict settlem5ts are a great det]r5t to escape4 ,be+ well us$ to jungle life1 !y are v successful track]s1 :o frequ5tly br+ back fugitives dead or alive4 ,if by *ance ! evad+ convicts fall into ! h&s ( ! ,j>awa tribe1 _! fate is seal$4 ,^! ,j>awas are & always h be5 utt]ly irreclaimable2 nei!r k9dness nor =ce has _h any appreciable effect 9 ov]com+ _! unconqu]able dislike to /rang]s1 ev5 ( _! own blood belong+ to o!r tribes4 ,arm$ ) b[s & arr[s1 !y %[ fight :5ev] enc\nt]$1 & :5 press$ & puni%m5t is attempt$1 !y retire into ! imp5etrable jungle4 ,) ! exception ( ^! irreconcilables1 ! ,&amanese h be5 tra9$1 l o!r wild animals1 by pati5ce & k9dness to treat u ) entire confid5ce & tru/4 ,! /rong ye>n+ to escape torm5ts m especially ! natives ( ,burmah1 a l>ge numb] ( :om are deport$ to ! ,&amans4 ,!y are a semi-amphibi\s race1 l>gely br\ght up to a life on ! wat]1 exp]t boatm5 & tireless swimm]s4 ,precise rules are 9 =ce at ! ,&amans t only a limit$ numb] ( ,burmese may be includ$ 9 any "o boat's crew4 ,m ?an half ! escapes by wat] 7 accompli%$ by ,burmese1 :o boldly v5tur$ out into ! op5 sea1 risk+ all its p]ils to w9 across to _! de>ly lov$ native l&4 ,x is a curi\s fact t ! ,burmese ,dacoit1 :o w\ld face ! dea? p5alty ) =titude1 has always dread$ imprisonm5t or deportation ) ov]ma/]+ t]ror4 ,"o explanation ( ?is consum+ dread is ! n uncommon fe> ( ! unkn[n4 ,aga91 ! treatm5t ( prison]s 9 ,burmah "u ! native rgime 0 m]ciless2 ! mo/ excruciat+ tortures 7 ! rule1 & protract$ life 0 worse ?an a ?\s& dea?s4 ,exile to ! ,&aman ,isl&s 0 anticipat$ ) nameless appreh5sion4 ,! case ( a fam\s ,dacoit may be quot$ 9 pro( ( ?is4 ,he _h be5 long 9 cu/ody2 he await$ 8 trial ) pati5ce & resignation1 & he w\ld h he>d a s5t5ce ( dea? unmov$1 b he 0 q ov]come :5 a %ort t]m ( transportation to ! ,&amans 0 pass$ ^u him1 al?\gh x 0 accompani$ by a promise ( e>ly conditional lib]ation4 ,:5 ! "t came = 8 dep>ture1 he refus$ to move (f ) 8 escort1 kick+ & ev5 bit+ ev]yone )9 rea*1 & ev5tually he _h to be ti$ ) ropes & c>ri$ along4 ,9 ?is connection1 ,major ,e4 ,c4 ,br[ne1 9 8,! ,com+ ( ! ,great ,que510 tells ! foll[+3 8,x 0 ! same ) o!r ,dacoits :o _h be5 tak5 r$-h&$4 ,two or ?ree 7 %ot1 o!rs flogg$ & releas$ & sev]al 7 deta9$ = deportation4 ,^! 7 ! gloomie/ ( all & begg$ to be kill$ or releas$4 ,"o fell[ actually succe$$ 9 evad+ 8 s5t5ce4 ,he _h got hold ( a soldi]'s boot-lace & ) ?is he /rangl$ himself dur+ ! night4 ,i %\ld sc>cely h be5 able to cr$it ?is /ory if ! witness ( ! dead man 9 ! morn+1 ) ! boot-lace drawn s tight t x _h actually p5etrat$ ! sk91 _h n be5 an (fic] ( my own regim5t ^: v]acity 0 unimpea*able40 ,! be/ g5]al acc\nt ( ! results obta9$ 9 ! ,&amans is f\nd 9 ! address to ! ,society ( ,arts by ,colonel ,temple1 sometime *ief commission] to ! ,&aman & ,nicob> ,isl&s4 ,! ,&aman p5al sy/em 8is ! result ( ! con/ant att5tion ( ! gov]nm5t :i* creat$ x1 & is ! outcome ( ! measures ( practical m51 devis$ to meet ! difficulties ) :i* !y h f\nd !mselves face to face1 & r$uc$ to ord] & rule by "s ( ! ke5e/ intellects t h work$ 9 ,india = _m ye>s pa/40 ,repeat$ly t9k]$ & pat*$ & reca/ & remodell$ ?\gh x has be51 ! ,&aman sy/em is /ill in*oate1 /ill on its trial1 z x 74 ,x c\ld n well be o!rwise1 = 9 deal+ ) ! crim9al we are attempt+ to solve a mighty problem z old z crim9ality itself4 ,f ! be/ e/imates at h& we may take x t ! p]man5t convict /r5g? ( ! settlem5t may be plac$ at ab\t twelve ?\s&1 ( :om ab\t eight hundr$ are wom51 & ! rule is t only life convicts are s5t f ,india & life & long-t]m convicts f ,burmah4 ,! p receiv$1 !re=e1 are ! murd]]s :o h = "s reason escap$ ! dea? p5alty1 & ! p]petrators ( ! m he9\s (f5ces aga9/ p]son & prop]ty1 ! m5 ( brutal viol5ce1 ! highwaym51 ! robb]s1 ! habitual ?ieves & ! receiv]s ( /ol5 goods1 ! wor/ ( ! sw9dl]s1 =g]s1 *eats1 co9]s &1 9 fact1 ! mo/ unre/ra9$ temp]am5ts ( a cont95t4 ,^! consid]ations %[ ! scale ( ! "w & ! nature ( ! task4 ,any "o obs]v+ ! "w ( ! ,engli% 9 ! ,ea/ may possibly be /ruck ) ! idea t ! reason = ! ackn[l$g$ capacity ( ! race = colonial ent]prise & ! ma9t5ance ( empire is ! ability & ! will+ness ( ! av]age ,engli%man to put 8 h& to any k9d ( "w t may come 8 way1 )\t any special tra9+1 f fram+ suitable laws & regulations & creat+ suitable organisations to mak+ roads & dit*es1 build+ h\ses & cle>+ l& & pl\gh+ x4 ,"h 9 ,port ,blair1 ! (fic]s entru/$ ) ! creation & organisation _h no tra9+ = ! "w & 7 )\t any special guidance & tea*+1 yet !y manag$1 ) ! wor/ possible mat]ial to "w ^u1 to create 9 little m ?an =ty ye>s1 ^u primeval =e/ & swamp1 situat$ 9 an en]vat+ &1 until ma/]$1 a deadly climate1 a community support+ itself 9 reg>d to _m ( its complicat$ wants4 ,!y began ) ! d5se =e/s1 ! fetid swamps & ! pe/il5tial coral banks ( tropical isl&s1 & h made out ( !m _m squ>e miles ( grass & arable l&s1 support+ ov] fifty villages besides convict /ations4 ,miles ^u miles ( swamp h be5 reclaim$1 ! coral banks h be5 controll$ & a place ) reg>d to :i* ! words climate & pe/il5ce 7 almo/ synonym\s has be5 turn$ into "o fav\rably spok5 ( z to its heal?9ess4 ,! settlem5t n[ gr[s its own vegetables1 tea1 c(fee1 cocoa1 tapioca & arr[root1 "s ( its ord9>y food gra9s & mo/ ( its fodd]4 ,x supplies itself ) ! great] "p ( its animal food & all its fuel & salt4 ,9 o!r l9es ( "w1 x makes its own boats & provides f its own res\rces ! bulk ( ! mat]ials = its build+s :i* are con/ruct$ & erect$ locally4 ,among ! mat]ials produc$ are all ! timb]1 /one1 bricks1 lime & mort>1 & mo/ ( ! iron & metal "w are made up !re f raw mat]ial4 ,9 ! matt] ( convict clo?+1 all t is necess>y to be pur*as$ else:]e is ! r\ghe/ ( cotton hanks & wool 9 ! fir/ raw condition1 e o!r op]ation be+ p]=m$ on ! spot4 ,x provides mu* ( its own lea!r4 ,9 a*iev+ ! results1 ! (fic]s h _h fir/ to le>n = !mselves z be/ !y c\ld h[ to turn out ! "w to h& & !n to tea* :at !y _h le>n$ to ! mo/ unpromis+ pupils t c be imag9$ = ! "w requir$ ( !m 9 ,port ,blair4 ,& !y h be5 hamp]$ all along by ! necessities ( convict discipl9e1 by ! con/ant release ( _! m5 & _! puni%m5t = misconduct4 ,x is "u su* conditions t ! corps ( artific]s & o!r convicts h _h to be utilis$4 ,nev]!less1 ! roads & dra9s1 ! build+s & boats1 ! embankm5ts & res]voirs1 are z good & durable z are ! same class ( /ructures else:]e4 ,! manufactur]s are suffici5t = _! purpose1 & !re are among ! taught ^? :o are n[ skill$ 9 ! use ( _m k9ds ( ma*9]y4 ,cultivation is g5]ally fair & "s ( x v good2 ! g5]al sanitation is lit]ally second to none4 ,fir/ ( all ! indu/ries ( ! ,&amans is t ( timb]1 & to accel]ate & increase x a /eam tramway has be5 in/itut$ & !re are n[ "s f\rte5 miles ( l9e connect+ ! =e/s ) ! %ores ( ,port ,blair4 ,z a fur!r adjunct /eam saw-mills 7 erect$ 9 #ahif & a =e/ dep>tm5t t employs f five to six hundr$ m5 daily "u its own (fic]s1 n only supplies ! settlem5t ) all ( its requirem5ts 9 timb] f ! local =e/s1 b also exports timb] & =e/ produce to v>i\s places 9 ,india & ,europe4 ,( ^! latt] exports1 rattans & gurjun oil are ! *ief2 o!r natural products ( ! isl&s are trepang1 tortoise-%ell & edible birds' ne/s1 b !y are collect$ only 9 small quantities4 ,! pr9cipal cultivations 9 :i* convicts & ex-convicts are engag$ are paddy1 sug> cane1 ,indian corn & turm]ic2 cocoanuts h dur+ ! pa/ ?irty-five ye>s be5 ext5sively plant$1 & besides ! agricultural products previ\sly m5tion$1 vegetables & fruits ( v>i\s k9ds are gr[n4 ,! l>g] indu/ries 9 :i* ! p5al community is engag$ h already be5 allud$ to1 b !re are _m m9or employm5ts1 ! products f :i* also g t[>d mak+ ! settlem5t self-support+4 ,among ^! are to be f\nd ! manufacture ( all k9ds ( furniture1 cane *airs1 baskets1 _m v>ieties ( bamboo "w & ornam5tal woodc>v+1 wov5 articles f s]viettes to saddle-gir?s1 & blankets1 pott]y1 rope & mats1 silv]1 t91 brass & iron "w1 %oes1 rick%aws & c>ts1 besides ! production ( su* mat]ials z lime1 bricks & tiles4 ,port ,blair is 9 communication ?ree & (t5 f\r times a mon? ) ,calcutta1 ,madras & ,rangoon by ! vessels ( ! ,asiatic ,/eam ,navigation ,company4 ,! di/ances betwe5 ! settlem5t & ! ports nam$ are #gif1 #ghj & #chg miles respectively4 ,! e>lie/ p5al settlem5t on ! ,&amans 0 9 ! s\!rn isl&1 :]e x 0 f\nd$ on ! pres5t site ( ,port ,blair 9 #agib4 ,x 0 kn[n z ! 8old h>b\r40 ,aft] ?ree ye>s ! e/abli%m5t 0 mov$ to ! pres5t ,port ,cornwallis on ! nor!rn isl&1 b ?is prov$ to be mo/ unheal?y & x 0 clos$1 ! convicts1 numb]+ "s two hundr$ & sev5ty1 be+ remov$ to ,p5ang1 at ! extremity ( ! ,malay ,p59sula4 ,9 ! e>ly 8fifties0 ! ,/raits ,settlem5ts sometimes s5t _! long-t]m convicts to ,bombay1 f :]e !y 7 usually draft$ to su* moi/ & cong5ial climates z ,tannah & ,ratnagiri4 ,by good behavi\r !y e>n$ tickets-(-leave to ! hill /ations1 ,mahabule%w> & ,ma!ran1 :]e !y became ! m>ket-g>d5]s ( ! place1 _m pref]r+ to rema9 aft] _! "t _h expir$1 respect$ & respectable citiz5s1 (t5 possess$ ( consid]able weal?4 ,at "o "t ! ,ratnagiri gaol conta9$ ab\t ?ree hundr$ & sixty convicts2 8at lea/ two-?irds 7 ,*9am5 & ,malays f ! ,/raits1 great ruffians1 ea* ) a record ( piracy or murd]1 or bo? comb9$4 ,_m ( !m 7 heavily fett]$ & c>efully gu>d$ by arm$ police :5 at _! ord9>y "w 9 ! #8lat]ite' qu>ries1 = !y 7 mo/ly p[]ful m520 ! tools !y us$ 7 =midable weapons & z !re 7 kn[n to be deadly feuds always pres5t among !m1 s]i\s di/urbances & outbreaks 7 con/antly dread$4 ,nev]!less1 misconduct 0 exce$+ly r>e2 brea*es ( gaol discipl9e 7 mu* few] among ^! desp]adoes ?an among ! mild] ,h9dus 9 ! "w-%$s )9 ! gaol4 ,! fact hav+ 9 due c\rse creat$ mu* surprise1 inquiries 7 in/itut$ z to :y pirates & murd]]s1 usually s insubord9ate 9 o!r places1 7 s well-conduct$ & quiet at ,ratnagiri4 ,! riddle 0 pres5tly solv$4 8,= "s ye>s "o ,%eik ,kassam _h be5 gaol]4 ,belong+ to ! fi%]man class & possess$ ( v little education1 he _h1 nev]!less1 work$ 8 way upw>d ?r\gh ! police by d9t ( hone/y1 h>d "w & a c]ta9 %rewdness :i* _h m ?an once br\ght him to ! front4 ,at la/1 t[>d ! end ( 8 s]vice1 ! gaol]%ip fall+ vacant1 he 01 ) ev]yone's cordial approval1 nom9at$ to ! po/40 ,) comp>ative re/ & improv$ pay1 ! old g5tleman wax$ fatt] & jolli] & 0 e/eem$ "o ( ! mo/ g5ial companions ! c\ntry c\ld produce4 ,! c>es ( /ate1 & ! responsibility ( ?ree hundr$ murd]\s convicts1 weigh$ lightly on ,%eik ,kassam4 ,he develop$ a rem>kable tal5t or pr$ilection = g>d5+1 almo/ f ! fir/4 8,he laid out ! qu>ry b$s1 br\ght wat] d[n to irrigate !m1 produc$ all ! gaol requir$ 9 ! way ( gre5 /uff1 & made tapioca & arr[root by ! ton4 ,! bett] plot ( l& belong+ to ! gaol lay betwe5 ,%eik ,kassam's own (ficial resid5ce1 a t9y bungal[-fa%ion$ dwell+1 & a wall$ c\rty>d ne> to ! highroad4 ,! %eik _h no difficulty 9 obta9+ p]mission to erect a high wall ( rubble f ! qu>ries along ! :ole road frontage1 s t1 z he urg$1 ! convicts at "w 9 ! g>d5 w\ld n be gaz$ at by pass]s-by1 & t =bidd5 articles1 su* z tobacco1 sweetmeats1 liquor1 & ! l1 %\ld n be pass$ or ev5 ?r[n ov] to !m40 ,pres5tly ?is fav\rite slice ( g>d5 0 safely box$ 9 f ! public view by an enclosure "s eight feet high1 ext5d+ f ! gaol itself r\nd to ! gaol]'s h\se1 ! only entrance to x be+ a little wicket-gate by ! side ( ! %eik's back-y>d4 ,at la/ ! head-sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,bombay prison he>d t ,%eik ,kassam's discipl9>y sy/em consi/$ 9 8 br++ ! mo/ dang]\s ( ! ,*9am5 & ,malays quietly into 8 back-y>d f ! adjo9+ g>d51 & !re regal+ !m ) pl5ty ( sweetmeats1 sug>1 dr9k 9 mod]ate quantity1 & add+ ev5 ! joys ( female society ( a peculi> sort4 ,if any "o became unruly or saucy1 he 0 liable to get a doz5 la%es1 b if !y behav$ dec5tly !y all _h _! little fe/ivals ) regul>ity4 ,aft] ?is discov]y1 poor old ,%eik ,kassam's "* z a model gaol] 0 gone2 he 0 dismiss$1 b ) a full p5sion :i* he did n live long to enjoy4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,prisons ,,( ,,burmah ,briti% acquisition ( ,burmah--,qu>rels ) ! k+ 9 #ahbd--;,8 reprisals--,briti% subjects seiz$ & s5t to prison--,mr4 ,h5ry ,g\g]'s n>rative--,! 8,dea? ,prison0--,gigantic /ocks--,fil?9ess ( prison--,tortures inflict$--,b>b>\s trials--,horrible life--,rats & v]m9--,smallpox--,tobacco a valuable dis9fectant--,ano!r 8,black ,hole0--,*a9$ to a lep]--,releas$ by ! advance ( ,briti% troops--,p5al code ( ,burmah--,ordeals & puni%m5ts--,tread+ to dea? by elephants--,dacoity ! la/ =m ( resi/ance to ,briti% rule--,prison life--,! ,burmese gaol-bird--,an outbreak4 ,! acquisition & annexation ( ,burmah by ,great ,brita91 fir/ ! l[] prov9ce ) ?ree-f\r?s ( ! seabo>d1 & !n ! entire k+dom1 7 accompli%$ betwe5 #ahbd & #ahhf1 9 a little m ?an half a c5tury1 t is to say4 ,until ?is took place ! c\ntry 0 g5]ally 9 a /ate ( an>*y1 ! k+ 0 a blood?ir/y despot1 & ! /ate c\ncil 0 at 8 bidd+ no bett] ?an a b& ( ,dacoits :o plund]$ ! p & murd]$ !m :olesale4 ,! rul+ p[]s 7 always anxi\s to pick a qu>rel ) _! p[]ful ,briti% neighb\rs1 & 7 s unceas+ly aggressive t !y br\ght on a w> 9 #ahbd1 :i* end$ 9 ! capture ( ,rangoon & ! occupation ( ,pegu & ,m>taban ) ! cession ( ! coa/ prov9ce ( ,aracan4 ,! outbreak ( ho/ilities l$ to cruel retaliation by ! k+ ( ,burmah ^u all ,europeans :o resid$ 9 ! c\ntry1 :e!r z mission>ies or m]*ants engag$ 9 trade4 ,"o ( !m1 an ,engli%man1 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,g\g]1 0 arre/$ z a spy & arraign$ be=e a c\rt ( ju/ice ) v little hope ( escap+ ) 8 life4 ,he 0 =tunately sp>$ aft] suff]+ untold indignities & _m positive tortures4 ,ev5tually he publi%$ 8 exp]i5ces1 :i* rema9 to ?is day z a graphic record ( ! ,burmese prisons z !y !n exi/$4 ,he 0 fir/ committ$ to ! safe keep+ ( ! k+'s body gu>d1 & conf9$ ) 8 feet 9 ! /ocks2 !n he 0 transf]r$ to ! 8dea? prison10 hav+ be5 b>b>\sly robb$ & depriv$ ( 8 clo?+4 ,he 0 n entirely /ripp$1 b 0 l$ away ) 8 arms ti$ beh9d 8 back1 b>e-head$ & b>e-foot$ to ! ,let-ma-yoon1 ! 8ante*amb] ( ! tomb40 ,let me proce$ n[ 9 ! n>rator's own words3-- 8,!re are f\r common prisons 9 ,ava1 b "o ( ^! only 0 appropriat$ to crim9als likely to suff] dea?4 ,x d]iv$ its rem>kably well-select$ "n1 ,let-ma-yoon1 lit]ally int]pret$1 #8,h&1 %r9k n1' f ! revolt+ sc5es ( cruelty practis$ )9 its walls4 ,?is 0 ! prison to :i* ,i 0 driv54 ,my he>t sank )9 me z ,i ent]$ ! gate ( ! prison y>d :i*1 z x clos$ beh9d me1 seem$ to %ut me out =ev] f all ! int]e/s & sympa?ies ( ! _w beyond x4 ,i 0 n[ deliv]$ ov] to ! wret*es1 sev5 or eight 9 numb]1 :o gu>d$ ?is gaol4 ,!y 7 all condemn$ malefactors1 ^: lives _h be5 sp>$ on ! condition ( _! becom+ execution]s2 ! m hide\s ! crime = :i* he _h to suff]1 ! m h>d5$ ! crim9al1 ! fitt] in/rum5t he 0 presum$ to be = ! pr(ession he 0 h5ce=? doom$ to foll[4 ,to r5d] escape )\t detection impossible1 ! %ape ( a r+ 0 indelibly tattoo$ on ea* *eek1 :i* gave rise to ! "n !y 7 commonly kn[n by1 pahquet1 or #8r+-*eek$1' a t]m dete/$ by !mselves z "o ( reproa* & "o we nev] d>$ to apply 9 address+ !m4 ,! nature ( 8 qualification = ! employm5t 0 writt5 9 a simil> mann] across ! brea/4 ,! *ief ( ! gang 0 a lean1 wiry1 h>d-featur$ old man :om we taught ourselves to address "u ! appellation aphe1 #8fa!r1' z did all 8 subord9ates4 ,ano!r be>+ an appropriate motto _h murd]$ 8 bro!r & _h hidd5 8 body piecemeal "u 8 h\se4 ,a ?ird 0 br&$ ?oo-kho1 #8?ief4' ,?is troop ( wret*es 7 held 9 su* dete/ation t ! law prohibit$ _! ent]+ any p]son's h\se except 9 execution ( _! (fice4 ,x happ5$1 soon aft] ,i ent]$1 t ! exig5cies ( ?is bro!rhood 7 great f an increase ( bus9ess1 & no brave malefactor 7inhumanity 0 always /yl$ brav]y "h7 be+ ready to /r5g!n ! =ce1 a "y man convict$ ( a petty (f5ce 0 select$ to fill ! vacancy4 ,i beheld ?is poor y\? doom$ to ! mo/ debas+ ignom9y = ! re/ ( 8 life by ^! fatal r+s1 8 pite\s cries at ! degradation he 0 und]go+ be+ dr[n$ by ! je]s & ridicule ( ! conf$]ates4 ,!y soon made him z mu* a *ild ( ! devil z !mselves4 8,! #8fa!r' ( ?is int]e/+ family receiv$ me at ! gate ) a smile ( welcome l ! gr9 ( a tig]1 & ) ! mo/ disgu/+ imprecations hurri$ me to a huge block ( granite emb$d$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! y>d4 ,i 0 made to sit d[n & place my ankles on ! block ( /one :ile ?ree pairs ( fett]s 7 /ruck on ) a maul1 a false bl[ ( :i* w\ld h maim$ me =ev]4 ,b !y 7 too exp]t = ?is1 & x 0 n a "t to c>e = m9or dang]s4 ,?us %ackl$1 ,i 0 told1 z if 9 d]ision1 to walk to ! entrance ( ! prison-h\se n _m y>ds di/ant2 b z ! %ortness ( ! *a9s b>ely p]mitt$ me to advance ! heel ( "o foot to ! toe ( ! o!r1 x 0 only by %uffl+ a few in*es at a "t t ! task 0 accompli%$4 ,practice1 h[ev]1 soon made me m exp]t4 8,x is n easy to give a correct idea ( ! prison :i* 0 de/9$ to be my dwell+ place = ! fir/ ye> ( my captivity4 ,al?\gh x 0 betwe5 f\r & five o'clock on a bright sunny aft]noon1 ! rays ( light only p5etrat$ ?r\gh ! *9ks & cracks ( ! walls suffici5tly to disclose ! utt] wret*$ness ( all )94 ,"s "t elaps$ be=e ,i c\ld cle>ly di/+ui% ! objects by :i* ,i 0 surr\nd$4 ,z my eyes gradually adapt$ !mselves to ! dim light1 ,i asc]ta9$ x to be a room ab\t =ty feet long by ?irty feet wide1 ! floor & sides made ( /rong teak-wood planks1 ! =m] be+ rais$ two feet f ! e>? on po/s1 :i*1 accord+ to ! usual /yle ( ,burmese ar*itecture1 ran ?r\gh ! body ( ! build+1 & support$ ! til$ ro( z well z ! raft]s = ! floor & ! plank+ ( ! walls4 ,! height ( ! walls f ! floor 0 five or six feet1 b ! ro( be+ a slop+ "o1 ! c5tre might be d\ble t height4 ,x _h no w9d[ or ap]ture to admit light or air except a closely wov5 bamboo wicket us$ z a door1 & ?is 0 always kept clos$4 ,=tunately1 ! build]s _h n exp5d$ mu* lab\r on ! walls1 ! planks ( :i* "h & !re 7 n v closely unit$1 af=d+ ?r\gh ! *9ks ! only v5tilation ! ap>tm5t possess$1 if we except a hole ne> ! ro( :]e1 ei!r by accid5t or design1 ne>ly a foot 9 l5g? ( decay$ plank _h be5 torn (f4 ,?is =m$ a safety-valve = ! escape ( f\l air to a c]ta9 ext5t2 &1 b = ?is =tuit\s circum/ance1 x is difficult to see h[ life c\ld h be5 long su/a9$4 8,! only articles ( furniture ! place conta9$ 7 ^!3--,fir/ & mo/ prom95t1 0 a gigantic r[ ( /ocks simil> 9 its con/ruction to t =m]ly us$ 9 ,engl&1 dilapidat$ specim5s ( :i* may /ill be se5 9 "s ( ! m>ket places ( our c\ntry t[ns4 ,x 0 capable ( accommodat+ m ?an a doz5 occupants4 ,sev]al small] v>ieties ( ! same species lay ar\nd1 ea* hold+ by ! leg a pair ( hapless victims consign$ to its cu/ody4 ,^! /ocks 7 heavy logs ( timb] bor$ ) holes to admit ! feet & fitt$ ) wood5 p9s to hold !m fa/4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! ap>tm5t 0 plac$ a tripod hold+ a l>ge e>!n cup fill$ ) e>? oil to be us$ z a lamp dur+ ! night wat*es2 & la/ly1 a simple b suspici\s look+ piece ( ma*9]y1 ^: pa9ful uses x 0 my fate to te/ be=e _m h\rs _h elaps$4 ,x 0 m]ely a long bamboo susp5d$ f ! ro( by a rope at ea* end & work$ by blocks or pulleys to raise or depress x at pleasure4 8,! prison _h nev] be5 wa%$1 nor ev5 swept1 s9ce x 0 built4 ,s ,i 0 told1 & ,i h no d\bt x 0 true1 =1 besides ! ocul> pro( f its pres5t condition1 x is c]ta9 no attempt 0 made to cleanse x dur+ my subsequ5t t5ancy ( elev5 mon?s4 ,?is gave a k9d ( fix$ness or p]man5cy to ! fetid od\rs1 until ! v floors & walls 7 saturat$ ) !m4 ,putrid rema9s ( ca/away animal & vegetable /uff :i* ne$$ no broom to make x #8move on'--! /ale fumes f ?\s&s ( tobacco pipes--! scatt]$ ejections ( ! pulp & liquid f _! ev]la/+ betel1 & o!r nameless abom9ations /ill m disgu/+1 :i* /rew$ ! floor--& if to ?is be add$ ! exudation f ! bodies ( a cr[d ( nev]-wa%$ convicts1 enc\rag$ by ! !rmomet] at #ajj degrees1 9 a d5 almo/ )\t v5tilation--is x possible to say :at x smell$ l8 ,z might h be5 expect$ f su* a /ate ( ?+s1 ! place 0 teem+ ) creep+ v]m9 to an ext5t t v soon reconcil$ me to ! plund] ( ! great] portion ( my dress4 8,:5 night came on1 ! #8fa!r' ( ! e/abli%m5t1 ent]+1 /alk$ t[>ds our corn]4 ,! mean+ ( ! bamboo n[ became app>5t4 ,x 0 pass$ betwe5 ! legs ( ea* individual & :5 x _h ?read$ our numb]1 sev5 9 all1 a man at ea* end hoi/$ x up by ! blocks to a height :i* all[$ our %\ld]s to re/ on ! gr\nd :ile our feet dep5d$ f ! iron r+s ( ! fett]s4 ,! adju/m5t ( ! height 0 left to ! judgm5t ( our k9d-he>t$ p>5t1 :o /ood by to see t x 0 n high en\gh to endang] life nor l[ en\gh to exempt f pa94 ,hav+ settl$ ?is po9t to 8 satisfaction1 ! v5]able *ief proce$$ ) a /aff to c\nt ! numb] ( ! captives1 be/[+ a sm>t rap on ! head to ^? he dislik$1 :om he made ov] to ! savage ) a significant h9t ( :at he might expect if ! agre$ tally 7 n =?com+ :5 ! wicket op5$ ! next morn+4 ,he !n took 8 leave1 k9dly wi%+ u a good night's re/1 = ! old wret* c\ld be faceti\s2 ! "y savage trimm$ 8 lamp1 light$ 8 pipe1 did ! same act ( c\rtesy to all :o wi%$ to smoke1 & ! anxi\s community1 "o by "o1 s\ght a %ort oblivion to _! griefs 9 sleep4 8,9 va91 h[ev]1 did our little p>ty c\rt t bless+2 pass+ by ! torm5t ( ?\ght1 ! suff]+s ( ! body alone 7 en\gh to prev5t x4 ,i _h y\? on my side1 & my sl5d] frame enabl$ me to be> ! susp5sion bett] ?an my fell[ suff]]s4 ,! tobacco smoke 0 a m]cy1 = x robb$ ! infliction ( half its torm5t4 ,a ye> aft]w>d1 :5 we _h to und]go a puni%m5t some:at simil>1 ?\gh 9 a pur] atmosph]e1 we f\nd ! /+ ( ! mosquitos1 on ! soles ( our undef5d$ feet1 #8)\t ! p[] to sc>e away' ^! v5om\s little insects1 0 intol]able2 :]eas 9 ?is well-smok$ ap>tm5t a mosquito c\ld n live4 ,we 7 n aw>e at ! "t :at a happy exemption ?is 04 ,:at a night 0 t on :i* we n[ ent]$6 ,dea?1 9 its mo/ appall+ =m1 p]haps att5d$ ) ! agony ( unkn[n tortures1 0 ?\ght by all to be our c]ta9 lot4 ,kewet-nee1 :o occupi$ ! next place on ! bamboo1 excit$ a horrible int]e/ by ! relation ( a v>iety ( exquisite tortures :i* he _h kn[n to be p]petrat$ "u t ro(4 8,! rays ( ! morn+ sun n[ began to /ruggle ?r\gh ! *9ks ( ! prison walls & told u t day dawn$1 br++ life & happ9ess to ! _w outside1 b only ! consci\sness ( mis]y to all )94 ,! prison]s be+ c\nt$ & f\nd to tally correctly ) ! reckon+ ( ov]night1 symptoms ( ! r\t9e ( ! day began to attract att5tion4 ,our consid]ate p>5t made 8 appe>ance & ) 8 cu/om>y gr9 l[]$ d[n ! bamboo to )9 a foot ( ! floor1 to ! great relief ( our b5umb$ limbs 9 :i* ! blood sl[ly began aga9 to circulate4 ,at eight o'clock ! inmates 7 driv5 out 9 gangs ( t5 or twelve at a "t1 to take ! air = five m9utes1 :5 !y 7 huddl$ 9 aga91 to make way = o!rs2 b no entreaty c\ld secure a repetition ( ! same fav\r t day1 ?\gh a bribe1 :i* few c\ld promise1 might effect x4 ,fre% air1 ! *eape/ ( all ! gifts ( ,provid5ce1 0 a close monopoly 9 ! h&s ( ! #8sons ( ! prison1' :o sold x at ! highe/ price1 & ) a nigg>d h&4 8,aft] breakfa/ ! bus9ess ( try+ ! prison]s began1 & ea* 0 br\ght 9 turn be=e ! myo-s]ai1 or assi/ant to ! gov]nor4 ,! fir/ 0 a "y man accus$ ( be+ conc]n$ 9 ! robb]y ( ! h\se ( a p]son ( rank4 ,:e!r ! accusation 0 well f\nd$ or n ,i _h no means ( judg+ except by ! result2 b c]ta9ly ! man _h n ! appe>ance ( a robb]4 ,z a matt] ( c\rse1 he d5i$ ! crime2 b d5ial 0 assum$ to be ob/9acy1 & ! usual mode ( ov]com+ ob/9acy 0 by "s mann] ( torture4 ,by ord] ( ! myo-s]ai1 !re=e1 he 0 made to sit ^u a l[ /ool1 8 legs 7 b\nd toge!r by a cord above ! knees & two poles ins]t$ betwe5 !m by ! execution]s1 "o ( :om took ! comm& ( ea* pole1 ! gr\nd =m+ ! fulcrum4 ,) ^! ! legs 7 =c$ upw>ds & d[nw>ds & asund]1 & und]w5t a peculi> k9d ( gr9d+1 inflict+ m or less pa9 z ! judge gave direction4 ,e mom5t ,i expect$ to he> ! ?ighbone snap4 ,! poor fell[ su/a9$ ?is torture ) l\d cries b /ill ) firmness until ! agony became s int5se t he fa9t$4 #8,! t5d] m]cies ( ! wick$ are cruel4' ,to re/ore animation !y resort$ to cold wat] & %ampoo+4 ,?us reviv$1 he 0 aga9 ?ru/ back into 8 d5 ) m5aces ( fre% torture on ! morr[1 z no confession _h yet be5 wrung f him4 ,i may z well f9i% ! revolt+ /ory at once4 8,true to 8 ^w1 ! myo-s]ai return$ ! next day to r5ew 8 diabolical practices4 ,?is "t ! culprit 0 ti$ by ! wri/s beh9d 8 back1 ! rope :i* b\nd !m be+ drawn by a pulley j high en\gh to all[ 8 toes to t\* ! gr\nd1 & 9 ?is mann] he 0 left until he %\ld become m reasonable4 ,at l5g?1 "u ! pressure ( agonis+ pa91 j 9 "t to save ! dislocation ( ! %\ld]1 ! crim9al made 8 confession & crim9at$ two respectable p]sons z accomplices4 ,f :at foll[$ ,i presume ?is 0 all t 0 want$4 ,! man ( ju/ice _h n[ two m5 9 8 toils :o 7 able to pay4 ,! un=tunate man1 :o1 :5 reliev$ f ! pa9 ( ! torture1 ackn[l$g$ he _h accus$ innoc5t p1 0 return$ to gaol fe>fully mangl$ & maim$2 b in/ead ( meet+ a felon's fate1 :5 "t _h be5 giv5 to fleece ! two victims1 he 0 releas$4 8,)9 ! walls no?+ wor?y ( notice occurr$ until ! h\r ( ?ree 9 ! aft]noon4 ,z ?is h\r approa*$1 we notic$ t ! talk+ & je/+ ( ! community gradually di$ away4 ,all seem$ to be "u ! influ5ce ( "s p[]ful re/ra9t1 until t fatal h\r 0 ann\nc$ by ! deep tones ( a p[]ful gong susp5d$ 9 ! palace y>d1 & a dea?like sil5ce prevail$4 ,if a ^w 0 spok5 x 0 9 a :isp]4 ,x seem$ z ?\gh ev5 brea?+ 7 susp5d$ "u ! control ( a panic t]ror1 too deep = expression1 :i* p]vad$ e bosom4 ,we did n long rema9 9 ignorance ( ! cause4 ,if any ( ! prison]s 7 to suff] dea? t day1 ! h\r ( ?ree 0 t at :i* !y 7 tak5 out = execution4 ,! mann] ( x 0 ! acme ( cold-blood$ cruelty4 ,! h\r 0 sc>cely told by ! gong :5 ! wicket op5$1 & ! hide\s figure ( a spott$ man appe>$1 :o1 )\t utt]+ a ^w1 walk$ /raight to 8 victim n[ = ! fir/ "t probably made acqua9t$ ) 8 doom4 ,z _m ( ^! un=tunate p knew no m ?an ourselves ! fate t await$ !m1 ?is my/]y 0 t]rible & agonis+2 ea* "o fe>+1 up to ! la/ mom5t1 t ! /ride ( ! ,spot might be direct$ 8 way4 ,:5 ! culprit disappe>$ ) 8 conductor & ! prison door clos$ beh9d !m1 ^? :o rema9$ began aga9 to brea! m freely2 = ano!r day1 at lea/1 _! lives 7 safe4 8,x is n my int5tion to make ?is n>rative a *ronicle ( all ! diabolical cruelties 9 ?is d5 ( abom9ations1 b ! fir/ specim5 :i* greet$ our eyes on ! morr[ may s]ve z a fair sample ( ! practices :i* x 0 our fate to behold almo/ daily4 ,! r\t9e 0 g5]ally ?is3--,! magi/rate takes 8 seat 9 ! front ( ! %$ 9 :i* we occupy ! backgr\nd1 z ?\gh ! spot _h be5 select$ = our conv5i5ce1 z spectators to behold an amus+ exhibition4 ,a crim9al is n[ summon$ f ! int]ior4 ,he hobbles out & squats d[n 9 t]ror be=e ! judge2 ! crime ( :i* he is accus$ is /at$ to him4 ,he d5ies x2 he is urg$ by v>i\s motives to confess 8 guilt2 p]haps he kn[s t confession is only ano!r ^w = execution2 !re=e he /ill d5ies4 ,! magi/rate assumes an air ( indignation at 8 ob/9acy & n[ beg9s ! "w ( 8 torm5tor1 ! man ) ! r+$ *eek :o has hi!rto /ood by wait+ ! ^w ( comm&4 ,he has _m means at 8 disposal1 b ! "o select$ = ! pres5t in/ance 0 a %ort iron maul4 ,x w\ld simply excite disgu/ 7 ,i to ent] into detail4 ,suffice x to say t aft] wri?+ & roll+ on ! gr\nd & scream+ ) agony = ne>ly half an h\r1 ! un=tunate wret* 0 assi/$ to 8 d51 a mass ( w\nds & bruises pitiable to behold1 leav+ 8 judge n a :it ! wis]4 8,by degrees we settl$ d[n into ! habits ( ! prison & 7 becom+ famili> ) su* sc5es z ,i h rec\nt$4 ,we began also to speculate on ! l5g? ( "t nature c\ld hold out1 if we 7 left to te/ x4 ,h[ long c\ld we live 9 su* a plight )\t ! use ( wat] or o!r means ( cleanl9ess8 ,w\ld habit reconcile u to x z x app>5tly _h done _m ( our fell[ prison]s8 ,"s ( !m _h liv$ !re = ye>s4 ,we gradually became acqua9t$ ) !m & ) _! crimes1 real or imput$4 ,!re 7 _m cases 9 ! cal5d> t 7 almo/ incr$ible & %[$ t accid5t1 caprice1 sup]/ition & ev5 c>elessness occasion$ _! conf9em5t4 ,"o grimy1 half-/>v$ old man _h be5 kept !re ?ree ye>s & nei!r knew :y he 0 !re nor :o s5t him4 ,! crime ( ano!r mu/ h be5 t ( a madman1 or m probably x 0 a false accusation1 pref]r$ to gratify private rev5ge4 ,he 0 said to h made an image ( ! k+ & to h walk$ ov] x4 ,! m]e imputation ( practis+ necromancy aga9/ ! sacr$ p]son ( ! k+ 0 a fatal *>ge4 ,! poor fell[ 0 tak5 f among u at ! h\r ( midnight & despat*$ by break+ 8 sp9e4 ,:y ?is s+ul> me?od ( slaught] 0 resort$ to1 z well z ! mann] ( c>ry+ x into execution1 0 z my/]i\s z ! crime itself2 !y 7 n at all p>ticul> z to ! mode ( depriv+ _! victims ( life1 b seem$ to be guid$ altoge!r by caprice4 8,! plan ( ! prison y>d %[s t !re 7 a numb] ( small cells us$ by ! r+$ bro!rhood1 & ! plead+ ( our amiable protectress secur$ = u ! lib]ty to occupy !m4 ,x is true !y 7 v small1 ! "o ,i inhabit$ be+ ab\t five feet wide ) j en\gh l5g? to lie d[n 92 x 0 s l[ t ,i c\ld n /& upright except 9 ! middle :]e ! ro( 0 highe/2 b x 0 ,elysium :5 comp>$ ) ! suffocat+ *oke ( ! inn] prison4 ,nor c\ld x be call$ altoge!r solit>y conf9em5t1 = "o ( our gaol]s _h a pretty daught] ab\t sixte5 ye>s old1 :o took a wond]ful fancy to me & 0 a frequ5t visitor 9 my cell4 ,%e suppli$ me1 too1 ) an unspeakable luxury1 wat] = ablution4 ,oh1 :o c appreciate ! gift b ^? :o h be5 long depriv$ ( x8 ,a scrap ( rag1 moi/5$ ) "s ( ! wat] giv5 u to dr9k1 only s]v$ to sme> ! grime l a pla/] ov] our bodies4 ,n[1 once aga9 ,i c\ld call myself comp>atively clean4 ,my cell _h o!r advantages4 ,my eyes escap$ _m sc5es ( revolt+ cruelty2 my e>s1 _m f\l ana!mas & gross abuse2 my lungs & olfactories1 all sorts ( abom9ations4 ,! *ief loss 0 ! society ( my fri5ds4 ,! rats1 too1 7 num]\s & tr\blesome at fir/2 b ^!1 ?\gh a disgu/+ nuisance1 ,i manag$ to turn to acc\nt by ! fancy ( ! pahquets = _! fle%4 ,! ,burmese hold rats 9 ab\t ! same e/imation z we d h>es1 & sell !m commonly 9 _! m>kets = ab\t _! own weight 9 lead4 ,my cell1 !re=e1 might be reg>d$ z a well-/ock$ pres]ve = game4 ,! burr[s ran 9 all directions1 & h>dly a day pass$ )\t my bagg+ a few heads ( ?is novel k9d ( game & h&+ !m ov] to my pretty visitor's fa!r1 :o will+ly l5t me 8 spe> = ! purpose ( de/roy+ !m4 ,! bait ( a few gra9s ( boil$ rice at ! entrance ( ! burr[s br\ght !m out 9 %oals & gave me ! opportunity ( spe>+ !m4 #8,:at d y expect w be y\r fate8' said ?is pi\s ,buddhi/ z he once took ! /ruggl+ v]m9 f ! spe>1 #8:5 ! "t comes = me to s]ve y z y are s]v+ t creature8' ,!y all look$ =w>d to ! pleasure ( decapitat+ u1 & :5 9 a mild hum\r w\ld promise me z a fav\r1 to use _! greate/ skill s t ,i %\ld sc>cely feel x4 ,:at a consol+ ?\ght6 8,%ut up close 9 my little cell1 ,i ?\ght t at all ev5ts my feel+s w\ld no long] be h>r[$ ) ! sight ( de$s ( blood4 ,to a c]ta9 ext5t x 0 s2 b ev5 "h !re 0 no abid+ peace & quietness4 ,"o night z ,i 0 va9ly endeav\r+ to coax myself asleep1 ! screams ( an un=tunate wret* 9 ! inn] prison fell ^u my e>1 & ! door ( my cell be+ at ! "t unfa/5$ & ! prison wall n m ?an ?ree feet (f1 curiosity prompt$ me to peep ?r\gh a crack to see :at fre% mis*ief 0 on foot4 ,nev] %all ,i =get ! f\l assass9ation ,i witness$4 ,! inmates 7 brea?lessly sil5t1 evid5tly expect+ "s evil4 ,! cries proce$$ f a "y man :o lay /ret*$ on ! floor ) 8 feet 9 ! /ocks4 ,! lamp 0 burn+ dimly1 giv+ j en\gh light to %[ ! =m ( a grim pahquet /rid+ t[>d 8 victim4 ,)\t a ^w1 he /amp$ sev]al times on ! m\? ( ! y\? ) 8 heavy wood5 %oes ) a =ce :i* mu/ h brok5 8 tee? & jaws into fragm5ts4 ,f my hid+ place1 :]e ,i /ood trembl+ ) t]ror1 ,i he>d ! bones crack & cra%4 ,/ill ! cries 7 n altoge!r sil5c$1 :5 ! mon/] seiz$ ! club ( ! savage1 & ) repeat$ bl[s on ! body & head p\nd$ ! poor suff]] to dea?4 ,! corpse 0 !n tak5 f ! /ocks & buri$ 9 ! prison y>d4 8,n[ news came ( ! defeat ( ! ,burmese troops 9 ! field1 & ! gov]nor wreak$ 8 v5geance on u4 ,we 7 all hu/l$ aga9 f our cells into ! inn] prison1 to await any fre% ord]s t might be issu$ f ! palace4 ,a m]ciful ,provid5ce aga9 av]t$ ! dang]4 ,= a few days1 probably a week1 we 7 kept 9 ! old d5 ( corruption1 :5 "t1 z be=e1 s(t5$ d[n asp]ities1 ! rage ( ! gov]nor & ( our keep]s began to evaporate1 & a little r5ew$ coax+1 back$ by su* insignificant bribes z our p c\ld yet af=d to pay1 rega9$ = u ! fav\r ( ! cells 9 :i* we 7 once m in/all$1 & my w> ( ext]m9ation aga9/ ! rats recomm5c$4 8,:ile we 7 pass+ ?is week 9 ! inn] prison1 a frightful ev5t took place1 :i* ?reat5$ ! imm$iate de/ruction ( ! :ole community2 inde$1 x is wond]ful t ! in/9ct ( self-pres]vation did n det] our p>5t ( ! prison f execut+ 8 ord]4 ,a woman 0 br\ght 9 cov]$ ) ! pu/ules ( ! small-pox4 ,our doctor look$ agha/ & s did we all1 z well we might4 ,x 0 a case q beyond 8 treatm5t1 ?\gh x is /range ! v]satile doctor did n und]take ! cure4 ,ev5 ! ,burmese prison]s !mselves express$ _! a/oni%m5t1 b remon/rance 0 useless4 ,! gaol]s1 h[ev]1 %[$ a little common s5se by plac+ ! un=tunate creature 9 a cle> spot by h]self to avoid contact ) ! o!r inmates ( ! prison1 ) delicate ?reats ( puni%m5t if %e mov$ f x4 ,we nev] he>d :at induc$ ?is b>b>ity1 b %e 0 mo/ likely suff]+ = ! misconduct ( "s relative 9 ! w>1 & ! au?ority :o s5t h] !re c\ld n h be5 aw>e ( ! disease1 = %e _h n be5 among u m ?an tw5ty-f\r h\rs :5 %e 0 aga9 tak5 away4 8,b by :at means 0 infection av]t$8 ,inoculation or vacc9ation 0 unkn[n4 ,"h 7 ab\t fifty p]sons liv+ 9 ! same conf9$ room )\t v5tilation1 & yet n "o ( !m took ! disease4 ,! fact seems almo/ miracul\s1 & ,i %\ld h d\bt$ ! nature ( ! malady _h x n be5 ackn[l$g$ & dread$ by ev]yone1 ! natives z well z ourselves4 ,i c only acc\nt = our immunity by ! free use ( tobacco4 8,aft] an engagem5t ) ! ,briti% troops1 _m 7 tak5 prison]s & 7 br\ght to ! prison4 ,un=tunately1 x s happ5$ t "o ( ! freaks1 already notic$ z common to ! gaol]s1 _h at ?is "t consign$ all our p>ty to ! inn] prison1 & we beheld ) horror ab\t a hundr$ ( ^! m5 /ep "o aft] ano!r ?r\gh ! wicket into our already well-fill$ prison1 "o ( ! r+$ frat]nity rema9+ inside to see t !y 7 pack$ z close z possible4 ,! floor 0 lit]ally pav$ ) human be+s1 "o t\*+ & almo/ ov]lapp+ ! o!r on e side4 ,x soon became evid5t :at mu/ foll[4 ,difficulty 9 brea?+1 pr(use p]spiration & o!r disagreeables1 ov]came ! natural t]ror ( _! torm5tors1 & ! suff]+ multitude began to cry al\d = air & wat]4 ,! horrors ( ! notori\s #8black hole ( ,calcutta' mu/ h be5 renact$ _h ! build+ be5 ( brick1 b ! mann] ( its con/ruction1 be=e expla9$1 =tunately prev5t$ x4 ,at l5g? ! clam\r ( ! captives1 work+ probably on ! fe>s ( ! gaol]s !mselves1 induc$ !m to op5 ! wicket door = ! night1 "s ( _! numb] keep+ w>d outside z s5t9els4 ,by ?is means a g5]al disa/] 0 avoid$4 8,?is tempor>y influx ( prison]s 0 ! cause ( great] anxiety to me ?an to my companions f a peculi> circum/ance4 ,! /ock ( fett]s 9 ! e/abli%m5t ran %ort1 & to provide = ?is unexpect$ dem& our ?ree pairs ( fett]s 7 tak5 (f = ! night1 "o r+ only be+ left on ! ankle1 & by ?is we 7 *a9$ "o to ano!r1 two by two1 l h\nds 9 c\ples1 only by ! leg in/ead ( ! neck4 ,p]haps ! read] may ?9k ?is 01 at all ev5ts1 a slight respite1 = :i* we ought to h be5 ?ankful4 ,s x 01 to all except myself1 = ! luxury ( be+ able once m to /ret* ! legs ap>t 01 no d\bt1 a mo/ grateful refre%m5t4 ,b--my fle% creeps :5 ,i ?9k ( x--,i 0 *a9$ to a lep]4 ,my companion 0 an un=tunate ,greek1 ^: ankles _h by ?is "t brok5 out into unmi/akable op5 lepr\s sores1 ) :i* a few in*es ( *a9 alone prev5t$ contact1 :ile at ! same "t x kept me 9 t]rible proximity4 ,! *a9 0 kept at its full l5g? all night1 z may be suppos$1 & sundry n]v\s j]k+s f "t to "t on my "p to assure myself t x 0 s1 indicat$ ! nature ( my al>m to ! poor man1 :o 0 n unconsci\s ( 8 malady1 ?\gh he w\ld n op5ly admit x4 ,he grew irritat$ at my /udi$ avoidance ( him1 & rais$ ! "q himself only to d5y x4 ,?is volunt>y allusion to x by himself1 not)/&+ 8 d5ial1 only t5d$ to confirm ! fact4 ,) :at joy did ,i submit myself ! next day to ! h&s ( my wor?y p>5t1 :ile he aga9 inve/$ me ) my wont$ complem5t ( irons4 ,) :at anxiety1 too1 did ,i wat* = weeks1 se>*+ dilig5tly my ankles = ! fir/ symptoms ( ! contagion1 fe>+ ,i might unwitt+ly h rubb$ aga9/ ! infect$ man & become inoculat$ ) 8 loa?some disease4 ,happily ,i escap$ )\t accid5t40 ,?is horrible imprisonm5t 0 protract$ into ! sultry mon?s ( ,m>* & ,april1 & ! wret*$ suff]]s 7 left ?r\gh\t heavily lad5 ) five pairs ( fett]s 9 a gloomy fil?y dungeon1 )\t air or light1 or ev5 wat] to wa% _! fev]$ bodies1 con/antly associat$ ) ! wor/ felons & %>+ _! dreadful expectation to be tak5 out & execut$4 ,f9ally1 z ! reliev+ army approa*$1 !y 7 remov$ f ,ava fur!r into ! c\ntry1 & ! sc5e *ang$ = ! bett] z reg>ds p]sonal treatm5t4 ,! prison]s _h at lea/ fre% air1 fre$om f v]m91 light] *a9s1 wat] to wa% 91 ex]cise 9 ! y>d :5 _! w\nd$ feet 7 suffici5tly heal$ to all[ !m to walk1 & z mu* com=t z possible 9 a ,burmese prison4 ,b fre% t]rors 7 caus$ by ! importation ( a huge lioness into ! prison enclosure4 ,x 0 conf9$ 9 a /rong cage1 b 0 kept 9 a /ate ( con/ant fury & grew m & m f]oci\s1 be+ kept cont9ually )\t food4 ,! luckless prison]s began to believe t !y 7 to be ?r[n z a prey to ! wild bea/1 b x grew visibly weak] & weak] & pres5tly di$ ( />vation4 ,! reason = %utt+ up ! lioness ) ! human victims ( ! t]rifi$ k+ 0 nev] expla9$4 ,mean:ile ! ,briti% troops press$ on & ?reat5$ %ortly to capture ! capital by /orm4 ,! la/ & mo/ t]rible ordeal ( all 0 n[ imp5d+4 ,x 0 op5ly ann\nc$ t ! :ite prison]s 7 to be sacrific$ to save ! k+ by be+ buri$ alive be=e ! brok5 & dispirit$ ,burmese army4 ,b ano!r decisive battle int]v5$1 ! prison]s 7 ha/ily releas$ f gaol & c>ri$ to ,ava1 :5ce !y 7 borne by wat] to meet ! ,briti% flotilla on its way up /ream1 & ! pa9ful captivity 0 at an end4 ,! p5al code ( old ,burmah 9 ! pre-,engli% days 0 primitive & ( anci5t orig91 be+ bas$ l>gely ^u ! laws fir/ promulgat$ by ,m5u4 ,trial by ordeal 0 a v g5]al rule1 & _m =ms 7 simil> to ^? obta9+ 9 o!r p>ts ( ! _w4 ,"o 0 to plunge a f+] wrapp$ 9 a ?9 palm leaf into molt5 t92 aga91 accus$ & accus] 7 imm]s$ "u wat] & ! case 0 won by ! p>ty :o c\ld rema9 ! longe/ "t bel[4 ,or two c&les made ( equal portions ( wax1 c>efully weigh$1 7 light$ by ! two litigants1 & ! "o :i* burn$ longe/ 0 adjudg$ to h won4 8,9 ! ,indies10 says "o old au?ority1 8:5 "o man accuses ano!r ( a crime puni%able by dea?1 x is cu/om>y to ask ! accus$ if he is will+ to g ?r\gh trial by fire1 & if he answ]s 9 ! affirmative1 !y heat a piece ( iron till x is r$ hot2 !n he is told to put 8 h& on ! hot iron1 & 8 h& is aft]w>d wrapp$ up 9 a bay leaf1 & if at ! end ( ?ree days he has suff]$ no hurt he is decl>$ innoc5t & deliv]$ f ! puni%m5t :i* ?reat5$ him4 ,sometimes !y boil wat] 9 a cauldron till x is s hot no "o may approa* x2 !n an iron r+ is ?r[n into x & ! p]son accus$ is ord]$ to ?ru/ 9 8 h& & br+ up ! r+1 & if he does s )\t injury he is decl>$ innoc5t4 ,sometimes an iron *a9 or ball is us$ in/ead ( ! r+4 ,sometimes a vessel ( oil is heat$1 & a cocoanut is ?r[n 9 to te/ ! temp]ature1 & if x cracks1 !n ! suspect$ p]son may prove 8 innoc5ce by tak+ copp] co9s out ( ! boil+ oil40 ,ano!r ordeal 0 to take ! accus$ to ! tomb ( a ,mohamm$an sa9t & walk pa/1 hav+ fir/ load$ him ) heavy fett]s4 ,if ! fett]s fall (f1 he is decl>$ to be cle>4 8,i h he>d x said10 is ! comm5t ( "o au?ority :o _h little confid5ce 9 ! good fai? ( ! tribunal1 8t by "s artful contrivance ! fett]s are s appli$ z to fall (f at a p>ticul> juncture40 ,! ri* expiat$ any (f5ce by ! paym5t ( a f9e1 :ile ! impecuni\s suff]$ imprisonm5t1 /ripes ) a rattan1 mutilation1 endless slav]y1 & 9 ! extreme case1 dea?4 ,! s5t5ce to slav]y ext5d$ to all a man's belong+s & to 8 desc5dants =ev]4 ,capital puni%m5t 0 p]=m$ by decapitation1 & a fi5di% execution] (t5 prolong$ ! agony ( ! condemn$ convict4 ,to ?r[ a victim to be dev\r$ by wild bea/s or trodd5 to dea? by elephants 0 a practice only surr5d]$ 9 rec5t times4 ,9 ! nor!rn prov9ces crucifixion 0 common1 b ! in/rum5t 0 n 9 ! %ape ( an ord9>y cross4 ,x 0 m l a d\ble ladd] consi/+ ( ?ree upright bamboos cross$ by ?ree horizontal b>s1 & ^u ^! two m 7 laid 9 ! %ape ( a ,/4 ,&rew's cross4 ,?ree scaffolds 7 commonly erect$ on riv] banks or on s& banks 9 ! /ream1 & 7 con/antly se5 on ! ,irrawady4 ,sometimes ! culprit 0 kill$ be=e he 0 affix$ to ! cross2 sometimes he 0 ti$ up & r5d]$ helpless by a few spe> ?ru/s1 or disemb[ell$ by a sword cut across ! /oma*4 ,9 any case1 ! body 0 left susp5d$ until ! fle% 0 peck$ (f by vultures & ! bones fell (f by decay4 ,:5 ! m\?s ( ! ,irrawady 7 ,burmese t]ritory1 ! crim9al 0 la%$ to a tree /ump at l[ wat] & left to be dr[n$ by ! incom+ tide4 ,! fi%es1 m voraci\s ?an ! vultures1 7 (t5 m exp$iti\s ?an ! sea & ate _! prey alive4 ,! tree1 "o ( ! undevelop$ gr[? 9 ! mangrove swamps1 0 famili>ly kn[n z ! 8/ump ( hell40 ,imprisonm5t1 z we h se5 f ! previ\s pages1 0 (t5 worse ?an dea?4 ,b !re might be "s relaxation ( durance4 ,) money a prison] might appease 8 gaol]s4 ,he c\ld by paym5t secure release daily to g home1 eat 8 meals & pass 8 "t 9 com=table idl5ess1 provid$ he came punctually back at night & all[$ himself to be aga9 inc>c]at$4 ,nev]!less1 ! fri5dless & impecuni\s pref]r$ to suff] a public flogg+1 inflict$ on ! culprit at all ! /reet corn]s4 ,brib]y & corruption1 buy+ ease f di%one/ gaol]s1 spe$ily disappe>$ "u ! ,briti% rule4 ,an equable uni=m sy/em has be5 adopt$ = all prison]s1 & ! demean\r ( ev5 ! wor/ is outw>dly quiet4 ,!y are = ! mo/ "p irreclaimable gaol-birds1 ) all ! traits & *>act]i/ics ( ! cong5ital crim9al4 ,! pr$atory in/9ct pr$om9ates 9 ! "* ( ! ,burman4 ,he is consum$ ) a desire to lay viol5t h&s ^u 8 neighb\rs' goods & possessions4 ,he is a ,dacoit1 a ?ief & highwayman by inh]itance4 ,"o :o knew ,burmah intimately 0 conv9c$ t ! evil prop5sity 0 inborn 9 e ,burmese *ild1 & 0 /imulat$ z he grew up by ,dacoit /ories4 ,! example ( o!rs :o _h tak5 to ! bus9ess & become fam\s = ent]pris+ raids1 0 always be=e ! y\? ( e g5]ation4 ,x 0 no disgrace to a "y fell[ to be conc]n$ 9 a ,dacoity attack ^u a neighb\r+ village1 b v mu* ! rev]se1 & ! mo/ successful robb]s 7 g5]ally treat$ ) mu* consid]ation & respect4 ,a ,dacoit b& = ! mo/ "p numb]$ five or six2 !y 7 n all arm$ ) fire>ms1 b !y fir$ a few %ots on mak+ a desc5t to give w>n+ ( _! approa*1 & no resi/ance 0 (f]$ z !y swoop$ d[n ) l\d %\ts & mu* wav+ ( swords4 ,ransom 0 dem&$ or ! village1 if des]t$1 0 loot$1 & ! ,dacoits fl$ be=e ! outrage became kn[n to ! police4 ,!n pursuit 0 organis$1 b 0 g5]ally fruitless4 ,! ,dacoits 7 close at h&1 9 ! v village1 & might be easily seiz$1 b no "o w\ld give in=mation1 z t w\ld be deem$ an unp>donable (f5ce4 ,to betray an (f5d] into ! h&s ( ju/ice is a s9 aga9/ religion mu* m ?an aga9/ morality4 ,!re is ! utmo/ difficulty1 !re=e1 9 trac+ crime 9 ,burmah4 ,briti% police (fic]s 7 driv5 to dea? 9 ceaseless ef=ts to cat* ,dacoits1 hunt+ !m p]petually = mon?s & mon?s & seldom1 if ev]1 lay+ h&s on a s+le (f5d]4 ,summ>y v5geance 0 met$ out to 8in=m]s40 ,on "o occasion1 a well-to-d villag] 9 ,l[] ,burmah _h assi/$ 9 ! capture ( a notori\s ,dacoit4 ,"s ( ! prison]'s fri5ds1 )\t wait+ = ! issue ( ! trial1 visit$ ! traitor's h\se & upbraid$ him ) be+ ! cause ( ! ,dacoit's appreh5sion4 8,we mean to puni% y = ?is10 !y said4 8,y %all be burn$ alive2 :i* d y pref]1 t ! fire %\ld be light$ "h 9 y\r own h\se1 or outside ! village80 ,8 wife (f]$ a ?\s& rupees to buy him (f1 b x 0 /]nly refus$1 & he 0 =?) put to dea?4 ,9 ano!r in/ance1 a man :o receiv$ a rew>d = secur+ ! arre/ ( a b& 0 oblig$ to surr5d] ! money to o!r ,dacoits1 :o call$ him to acc\nt1 & to prev5t 8 repeat+ ! (f5ce1 8 head 0 cut (f & exhibit$ on a pole4 ,dacoity1 :5 ! complete pacification ( ,burmah 0 s long delay$1 became ! la/ =m ( resi/ance ( ! p4 ,! "o "t ?ieves 7 promot$ into rebels & insurg5ts4 ,! ,burmese did n all accept ,briti% rule v will+ly1 & ! gov]nm5t resolv$ to f9ally cru% opposition by ext]m9at+ ! dissid5ts "u ! "n ( ,dacoity4 ,_m s]i\s enc\nt]s1 co/ly 9 human life1 7 f\ght2 _m lead]s ( small b&s long evad$ pursuit & gave mu* tr\ble4 ,b vigor\s measures p]si/5tly c>ri$ out gradually put d[n all opposition1 & ! mo/ active ,dacoits end$ on ! gall[s or f\nd _! way to prison or to ! p5al settlem5ts4 ,a good picture has be5 pres]v$ ( "o prom95t ,dacoit :o _h long ravag$ ! c\ntry & be5 guilty ( _m crimes2 & ^u :om a s5t5ce ( p5al s]vitude = life 0 at l5g? pass$4 8,a small1 sp>e1 ?9-visag$ man1 ^: features h no?+ 9 !m t w\ld be> out 8 "* ( a cruel ruffian & lead] ( m5 444 yet su* 0 ! p[] ( 8 "n t a sum l>ge en\gh to be a =tune to any ?ree natives 0 (f]$ to :oev] %\ld kill or capture him1 be=e 8 c>e] 0 *eck$40 ,e gaol 9 ,burmah has its complem5t ( su* life convicts1 reckless desp]adoes1 a s\rce ( con/ant anxiety to ^? 9 *>ge ( !m4 ,to foll[ ?is man on 8 reception & ?r\gh 8 treatm5t w give a good idea ( prison life 9 ,burmah4 ,8 clo?+ 0 fir/ issu$ to him2 a lo9 clo? ( co>se br[n /uff & a /rip ( sack+ to s]ve z 8 b$4 ,8 hair 0 close cut & 8 head 0 z smoo? z ! palm ( 8 h&1 save = "o small tuft left on ! cr[n2 8 "n 0 regi/]$ 9 ! great book1 & he 0 l$ to ! blacksmi?'s %op1 :]e 8 leg irons 7 rivet$ on him1 anklets 9 ! =m ( a heavy r+ to :i* a connect+ r+ ) two /raight iron b>s 0 atta*$4 ,at ! same "t a neck r+ ( iron z ?ick z a lead p5cil 0 weld$ on1 ) a plate atta*$1 n9e in*es by five1 on :i* a pap] record+ ! p]sonal description ( ! individual 0 pa/$4 ,?is 0 call$ ! ?imbone1 & its adoption became necess>y ?r\gh ! frauds practis$ by ! convicts4 ,at "o "t e new arrival 0 giv5 a t9 m$al /amp$ ) 8 numb]1 :i* 0 hung r\nd 8 neck ) a /r+4 ,b x 0 f\nd t ^! records 7 frequ5tly ex*ang$ among ! prison]s4 ,a prison] s5t5c$ to a long t]m (t5 assum$ ! id5tity ( a %ort t]m convict1 :o accept$ ! m irksome p5alty = a money consid]ation4 ,at ! pres5t "t1 ) ! irremovable ?imbone1 ^! ex*anges are r5d]$ impossible4 ,x is /range t su* a simple process ( pres]v+ id5tities is n en=c$ 9 ,sib]ia1 :]e ,russian convicts h long made a practice ( fraudul5t ex*anges4 8,if !re is a type ( revolt+ human ugl9ess1 x is ! ,burmese gaol-bird10 says ! same au?ority1 8) 8 %av5 head & ! unmi/akable /amp ( crim9al on 8 vici\s face4 ,all convicts seem to acquire t look ( l[1 half-defiant cunn+ f _! associates1 & a physiognomi/ w\ld n hesitate to describe n9e-t5?s ( ! m5 be=e u z bad *>act]s if he saw !m 9 any society4 ,_m ( ?is gang are ,dacoits1 & _! brea/s1 arms & necks are picture gall]ies ( tattoo$ devices1 fondly *]i%$ by ! own]s z *>ms aga9/ dea? or capture4 ,"s h r[s ( unsightly w>ts1 l l>ge peas1 ^u ! brea/ & arms :i* m>k ! spots :]e ! *>ms h be5 ins]t$1--scraps ( metal & o!r sub/ances inscrib$ ) spells kn[n only to ! wise m5 :o deal 9 su* ?+s4 ,"o or two natives ( ,india are among/ ! gang1 & ^! are conspicu\s by ! abs5ce ( ! tattoo+ univ]sally f\nd on ! ,burman's ?ighs4 ,a p[]fully built convict at ! end ( ! rank1 9 addition to ! usual irons1 has 8 ankle r+s connect$ by a s+le /raight b>1 s t he c only /& ) 8 feet twelve in*es ap>t4 #8,look at t fell[1' says ! sup]9t5d5t2 #8he is 9 = five ye>s1 & 8 "t w\ld h be5 up 9 ?ree mon?s4 ,a week ago he 0 d[n at ! creek ) 8 gang work+ timb]1 & mu/ ne$s try to escape4 ,he 0 up to 8 wai/ 9 wat] & div$ "u a raft1 com+ to ! surface a good fifty y>ds d[n ! /ream4 ,! gu>d nev] miss$ him until a %\t f ano!r man drew _! att5tion1 :5 !y saw him swimm+ z h>d z he c\ld g1 irons & all1 t[>ds a pat* ( jungle on ! opposite side4' ,among/ a repulsive horde ?is man w\ld take fir/ place )\t competition4 #8,reckless sc\ndrel1' is writt5 on e l9e ( 8 sc[l+ face1 & su* he und\bt$ly is4 ,aft] ! sev]e flogg+ 8 attempt$ escape e>n$ = him1 he assault$ & bit 8 gu>ds & fell[ prison]s1 & ! b> betwe5 8 anklets 0 ! imm$iate result4 8,conspiracies to break out are n uncommon1 al?\gh !y are seldom matur$1 ow+ to ! sy/em ( nev] all[+ "o bat* ( m5 to rema9 toge!r = m ?an a night or two 9 succession4 ,a det]m9$ attempt to #8break gaol' took place 9 ! great c5tral prison at ,rangoon a few ye>s ago1 result+ 9 a /&-up fight betwe5 w>d]s & convicts4 ,"s tw5ty #8lif]s' conf9$ 9 a l>ge /one cell1 ^: gate op5$ ^u _! worky>d1 7 ! culprits4 ,! hamm]s & road metal :i* provid$ _! daily lab\r 7 kept 9 ?is y>d1 & ! fir/ aim ( ! convicts 0 to obta9 access to ! %$ :]e ^! weapons lay4 ,ab\t midnight ! att5tion ( ! s5try 0 call$ to ! illness ( "o ( ! occupants ( ! cell by ano!r man1 :o 0 app>5tly ! only wakeful memb] ( ! gang besides ! %am invalid4 ,a ,madrassee apo!c>y 0 call$ to ! grat$ w9d[ ( ! d51 & obta9$ suffici5t in=mation to enable him to prep>e "s rem$y4 ,on 8 return ) ! potion1 see+ t all ! convicts 7 s\nd asleep1 he did n attempt to give ! m$ic9e to ! sick man ?r\gh ! w9d[1 b aga9/ ! rules caus$ ! gu>d to op5 ! gate int5d+ to take x into ! cell himself4 ,! in/ant ! gate 0 op5$1 ! slumb]+ convicts sprang to _! feet1 ru%$ at ! apo!c>y & knock$ him d[n 9 su* a position t 8 recumb5t =m effectually prev5t$ ! gu>d beh9d f clos+ x4 ,!y quickly made _! way into ! work%$1 & arm+ !mselves ) hamm]s & /ones1 prep>$ to resi/ ! w>d]s :o _h be5 attract$ by ! noise & ! %\ts ( a s5try on ! wall4 ,a furi\s conflict n[ ensu$ betwe5 ! w>d]s1 big1 muscul> ,punjabees arm$ ) heavy cudgels1 & ! convicts ) _! extemporis$ weapons4 ,! w>d]s 7 re9=c$ until bo? p>ties 7 fairly mat*$1 & ! r\gh & tumble fight 9 ! d>k progress$ amid extraord9>y confusion4 ,! worky>d 0 ov]look$ by two huge w+s ( ! gaol 9 :i* a l>ge numb] ( prison]s 7 conf9$2 ^! m51 r\s$ to a frantic pit* ( excitem5t by ! upro> bel[1 da%$ ab\t _! w>ds l cag$ animals ) screams & yells ( enc\ragem5t to _! fell[s2 :ile ! s5tries 9 ! wat* t[]s on ! ma9 wall kept up a desultory fire 9 ! air to prove to ! convicts ! impossibility ( escap+1 ev5 if !y %\ld succe$ 9 scal+ ! high spik$ iron rail+ ( _! y>d4 8,! combatants f\ght h&-to-h& = "s "t1 nei!r side ga9+ any advantage1 :il/ above ! ro> ( human voices & ! sick5+ cra% ( heavy clubs on ! convicts' %av5 skulls ! al>m bell cla%$ out w>n+ t milit>y assi/ance f ! di/ant b>racks 0 requir$4 ,w>d]s _h be5 summon$ f all p>ts ( ! gaol1 & a g5]al outbreak seem$ imm95t :5 ! appe>ance ( ! sup]9t5d5t ) a revolv] sudd5ly decid$ matt]s4 ,panic seiz$ ! convicts2 !y dropp$ _! weapons ) "o accord & cr[d$ back into ! cell1 leav+ two ( _! numb] dead 9 ! y>d4 ,x w\ld be impossible to conceive a m gha/ly sight ?an t r[ ( nak$1 trembl+ convicts z ! w>d]s n[ rang$ !m 9 ! vault-l d5 to be c\nt$4 ,! dim light ( oil-lant]ns fell ^u upturn$ faces1 be=e repulsive en\gh1 b n[ positively />tl+ 9 _! hide\s disfigurem5t ( du/ & clott+ blood4 ,e man 0 /ream+ ) blood f w\nds ab\t ! head1 m or less sev]e1 = ! convicts _h f\ght ) ! desp]ation ( m5 to :om success meant lib]ty4 ,!y 7 doom$ to drag out _! lives 9 t e>?ly hell2 a flogg+ 0 ! wor/ t c\ld happ5 to !m if _! attempt fail$1 possible fre$om ! rew>d if x succe$$4 ,:o w\ld n risk ! fir/ = ! sl5d]e/ *ance ( ! second8 ,!y took ! risk & fate _h gone aga9/ !m4 ,! excitem5t 0 ov]1 & !y huddl$ toge!r aga9/ ! wall ( ! cell 9 an agony ( fe> = ! consequ5ces _! night's "w w\ld br+ ^u !m to-morr[1 />+ envi\sly at ^? ^: w\nds necessitat$ _! removal to hospital4 ,= !m1 at lea/1 a few days' reprieve 0 c]ta9 be=e !y suff]$ la% & puni%m5t drill40 ,,prisons ,,( ,,*9a ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,crime ,,9 ,,*9a ,great cruelty 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ! law 9 ,*9a--,exp]i5ce ( ,"l ,lo*--,iron coll>1 *a9s & creep+ v]m9--,e>? maggot--,! 8,l+ *e10 a sl[ ignom9i\s dea?--,int]nal arrangem5t ( prisons--,:ole families deta9$ z ho/ages = fugitive (f5d]s--,mortality l>ge2 dead-h\se always full--,milit>y gu>d--,public flogg+ ( ?ieves--,! 8,cangue0 or heavy wood5 coll>--,six classes ( puni%m5t--,me?od ( infliction--,*9ese puni%m5t 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury--,"s cruel practices ( to-day4 ,accord+ to ,*9ese law1 !oretically1 no prison] is puni%$ until he confesses 8 crime4 ,he is !re=e prov$ guilty & !n by torture made to ackn[l$ge ! accuracy ( ! v]dict4 ,! cruelty %[n to witnesses z well z culprits is a di/9ct blot on ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice 9 ,*9a4 ,! p5al code is f]oci\s1 ! puni%m5ts inflict$ are fi5di%ly cruel1 & ! prisons' pig-/ys 9 :i* torture is h>dly m deadly ?an ! diseases eng5d]$ by ! mo/ abom9able neglect4 ,! commone/ notions ( ju/ice & fair play are cont9ually ignor$4 ,! /ory is told ( a wret*$ old man :o _h be5 deta9$ ye>s 9 ! fil?y prison ( ,pek+1 dragg+ out a we>y exi/5ce 9 ! company ( crim9als ( ! wor/ description4 ,accord+ to 8 own acc\nt1 he _h be5 liv+ on 8 l& ) 8 wife & family4 ,"o night he took out 8 gun to sc>e cr[s & trespass]s (f 8 rip5+ crops1 9 ! execution ( :i* innoc5t design he let (f 8 weapon two or ?ree times4 ,on ! foll[+ day a man 0 f\nd murd]$ on ! f> conf9es ( 8 l&4 ,imm$iately he 0 appreh5d$1 n z "o might suppose1 to give evid5ce or relate :at he knew1 b to be made to confess t he himself 0 ! au?or ( ! crime4 ,to extort ?is confession he 0 cruelly & repeat$ly tortur$4 8,( c\rse10 he said1 8,i %all nev] leave ?is prison alive1 = !y w keep me "h until1 r$uc$ to ! la/ extremity by torture1 ,i confess myself guilty ( a crime ( :i* ,i am entirely innoc5t1 & :5 ,i d confess !y w cut (f my head on ! /r5g? ( t confession40 ,?is is f\nd$ on unimpea*able fact1 & ! case is con/antly recurr+ "u diff]5t =ms4 8,9 ,*9a x is n ! prosecution :o prove a prison] guilty1 b ! prison] :o has to prove t he is n guilty40 ,9 ?is same prison ( ,pek+ a visitor once 0 p]mitt$ to ent] a *amb] 9 :i* 0 a b>r$ cage eight feet by eight1 & 9 x tw5ty-six human be+s 7 inc>c]at$1 ( :om six 7 dy+ ( gaol fev]4 ,he ask$ t !y might be tak5 out ( ! cage 89 ord] t he might m$ically exam9e & if possible relieve !m4 ,! gaol] op5$ ! door ( ! cage & seiz+ ! six by _! pig-tails1 or by any o!r portion ( _! bodies t happ5$ to pres5t itself1 dragg$ !m out "o by "o ov] ! pavem5t into ! c\rty>d outside4 ,no d\bt sev]al ( ^! m5 7 innoc5t ( ! crimes imput$ to !m & 7 wait+ to be tortur$ into a confession ( guilt40 ,few ,europeans h exp]i5c$ imprisonm5t 9 ,*9a4 ,"o ,engli%man1 ,"l ,lo*1 has giv5 an acc\nt ( ! suff]+s he endur$ :5 trea*]\sly captur$ dur+ ! w> ( #ahfj4 8,! discipl9e ( ! prison 0 n 9 itself v /rict & _h x n be5 = ! />vation1 ! pa9 aris+ f ! cramp$ position 9 :i* ! *a9s & ropes reta9$ ! arms & legs1 ) ! heavy drag ( ! iron coll> on ! bones ( ! sp9e1 & ! creep+ v]m9 t infe/$ e place1 toge!r ) ! occasional beat+s & tortures :i* ! prison]s 7 f "t to "t tak5 away = a few h\rs to endure1 return+ ) ble$+ legs & bodies & s weak z to be sc>cely able to crawl1 !re 0 no v great h>d%ip to be endur$4444 ,!re 0 a small maggot :i* appe>s to infe/ all ,*9ese prisons3 ! e>? at a dep? ( a few in*es sw>ms ) !m2 !y are ! sc\rge mo/ dread$ by e poor prison]4 ,few ent] a ,*9ese prison :o h n on _! bodies or limbs "s w\nds1 ei!r inflict$ by bl[s to :i* !y h be5 subject$1 or caus$ by ! mann] 9 :i* !y h be5 b\nd2 ! in/9ct ( ! insect to :i* ,i allude appe>s to lead !m direct to ^! w\nds4 ,b\nd & helpless1 ! poor wret* _c save himself f _! approa*1 al?\gh he kn[s full well t if !y once succe$ 9 rea*+ 8 lac]at$ sk91 !re is ! c]ta9ty ( a fe>ful l+]+ & agonis+ dea? be=e him40 ,puni%m5t v>ies 9 cruelty & int5sity ) ! crime2 = ! murd] ( a fa!r1 "m1 or sev]al p ( "o family ! s5t5ce is 8ignom9i\s & sl[ dea?40 ,?is me?od is kn[n z l+ *e1 & ! victim is atta*$ to a po/ & cut to pieces by sl[ degrees1 ! pieces be+ ?r[n ab\t among ! cr[d4 ,?is cruel dea? 0 m ?an once publicly inflict$ 9 ,pek+ dur+ ! ye> #aijc4 ,"s ( ! mo/ horrible passages 9 ! ,pek+ ,gazette are ^? :i* ann\nce ! infliction ( ?is awful puni%m5t on madm5 & idiots :o 9 sudd5 outbreaks ( mania h committ$ p>ricide4 ,= ?is (f5ce no infirmity is accept$1 ev5 z a palliation4 ,a culprit condemn$ to l+ *e is ti$ to a cross1 & :ile he is yet alive ga%es are made by ! execution] on ! fle%y p>ts ( 8 body1 v>y+ 9 numb] accord+ to ! disposition ( ! judge4 ,:5 ?is "p ( ! s5t5ce has be5 c>ri$ out1 a m]ciful bl[ sev]s ! head f ! body4 ,x is said t ! execution] c be brib$ to put suffici5t opium into ! victim's la/ meal to make him practically unconsci\s1 or ev5 to inflict ! fatal /ab 9 ! he>t at fir/1 :i* %\ld ord9>ily be ! la/4 ,common cases ( capital puni%m5t are comp>atively m]ciful1 = ! execution]s are s skilful t !y g5]ally sev] ! head f ! trunk ) "o swift bl[4 ,! ,*9ese pref] dea? by /rangulation to any o!r =m1 because x enables ! body to appe> unmutilat$ 9 ! next _w4 ,?is feel+ has su* a hold on !m t :5 f\r victims 7 decapitat$ 9 ,pek+1 _! relatives in/antly claim$ ! bodies & sew$ on ! heads4 ,! p]mission to d ?is 0 reg>d$ by !m z a great privilege & a mitigation ( ! s5t5ce4 ,! prisons ( ,*9a are made up ( a c]ta9 numb] ( w>ds accord+ to _! class4 ,?us1 = example1 ! prisons ( ! respective c\nties ( ,nam-hoi & ,pun-yu 9 ! prov9ce ( ,kwang-tung1 :i* are fir/-class c\nty prisons1 consi/ 7besides *amb]s 9 :i* prison]s on rem& are conf9$7 ( six l>ge w>ds 9 ea* ( :i* are f\r l>ge cells1 mak+ 9 all tw5ty-f\r cells4 ,! same arrangem5ts may be said to prevail 9 all c\nty prisons4 ,! walls ( ! v>i\s w>ds abut "o ^u ano!r & =m a p>allelogram4 ,r\nd ! out] wall a pav$ pa?way runs ^u :i* ! gates ( ! v>i\s w>ds op54 ,?is pa?way is flank$ by a l>ge wall :i* con/itutes ! b\nd>y wall ( ! prison4 ,! cells are ( consid]able size4 ,! f\r cells 9 ea* w>d are arrang$ two on a side s z to =m ! two sides ( a squ>e1 & !y mu* resemble cattle %$s1 ! front ( ea* be+ enclos$ 9 a /rong palisad+ ( wood :i* ext5ds f ! gr\nd to ! ro(4 ,!y are pav$ ) granite1 & ea* is furni%$ ) a rais$ wood5 plat=m on :i* ! prison]s sit by day & sleep by night4 ,!y are pollut$ ) v]m9 & fil? ( almo/ e k9d1 & ! prison]s seldom or nev] h an opportunity af=d$ !m ( wa%+ _! bodies or ev5 dress+ _! hair1 z wat] 9 ,*9ese prisons is a sc>ce commodity & hair-combs are almo/ unkn[n4 ,! approa* to ! prison is a n>r[ passage at ! entrance ( :i* !re is an ord9>y siz$ door4 ,above ?is entrance door is pa9t$ a tig]'s head ) l>ge />+ eyes & widely ext5d$ jaws4 ,^u ent]+1 ! visitor f9ds an alt> on :i* /&s ! figure ( a tig] hewn 9 granite4 ,?is image is reg>d$ z ! tutel>y deity ( ! prison gates4 ,! turnkeys wor%ip x morn+ & ev5+1 ) ! view ( propitiat+ x & secur+ its wat*fulness1 gaol]s 9 ,*9a be+ held responsible = ! safe cu/ody ( ! mis]able be+s :o are entru/$ to _! c>e4 ,at ! base ( ! l>ge wall :i* =ms ! prison b\nd>y !re are sev]al hovels--= by no o!r "n c !y be designat$--9 "s ( :i* all ! female felons are lodg$ & 9 o!rs :ole families :o are held z witnesses by ! m&>9s4 ,!re is a law :i* admits ( ! seizure & det5tion z ho/ages ( entire families1 any memb]s ( :i* h brok5 ! laws ( ! empire & fl$ f ju/ice4 ,su* ho/ages are n lib]at$ until ! (f5d+ relatives h be5 secur$1 & consequ5tly !y are n unfrequ5tly imprison$ dur+ a p]iod ( five1 t5 or tw5ty ye>s4 ,inde$1 _m ( !m pass ! p]iod ( _! natural lives 9 captivity4 ,?us ! "m or aunt ( ,hung ,s[-tsu51 ! lead] ( ! ,taip+ rebellion1 di$ aft] an imprisonm5t ( sev]al ye>s 9 ! prison ( ! ,nam-hoi magi/rate at ,canton4 ,! un(f5d+ old woman griev\sly felt ?is long det5tion = no crime or (f5ce ( h] own4 ,%\ld ! crime ( ! fugitive be a v aggravat$ & s]i\s "o1 su*1 = example1 z an attempt ^u ! life ( ! sov]eign ( ! empire1 x is n unusual to put ! imm$iate1 al?\gh p]fectly innoc5t1 relations ( ! (f5d] to dea?1 :ile ^? :o are n s ne>ly relat$ to him are s5t into exile4 ,9 #ahjc an attempt 0 made to assass9ate ! emp]or ,ka-h+4 ,! assass9 0 no soon] appreh5d$ ?an he 0 s5t5c$ to be put to dea? by torture2 & 8 sons :o 7 "y *ildr5 7 put to dea? by /rangl+4 ,! mortality 9 ,*9ese prisons is v great4 ,! bodies ( all :o die 9 prison are ?r[n into ! dead-h\se & rema9 !re until ! necess>y prelim9>ies1 :i* are ( a v simple k9d1 h be5 arrang$ = _! int]m5t4 ,9 ! prisons ( ,canton ^! receptacles may be se5 full ( corpses & pres5t+ ! mo/ revolt+ & disgu/+ appe>ance4 ,"s ( ! unhappy victims h di$ f ! effects ( sev]e & (t5 repeat$ flogg+s4 ,o!rs h fall5 victims to "o or o!r ( ! v>i\s diseases :i* su* d5s are only too well fitt$ to create & fo/]4 ,9 ! prison ( ,pun-yu !re 7 on "o occasion 9 ! dead-h\se five bodies1 all ) ! appe>ance ( dea? f />vation--a =m ( capital puni%m5t :i* 9 ,*9a is frequ5tly inflict$ ^u kidnapp]s & o!r grave (f5d]s4 ,directly 9 front ( ! door ( ! dead-h\se & at ! base ( ! out] b\nd>y wall ( ! prison !re is a small door ( suffici5t size to admit ( a corpse be+ pass$ ?r\gh4 ,! corpses ( all :o die 9 prison are c>ri$ ?r\gh ?is ap]ture into ! adjo9+ /reet = burial4 ,x w\ld be pay+ too mu* rev]5ce to ! deceas$ prison] to all[ ! rema9s to be c>ri$ ?r\gh ! gates ( ! yamun to :i* ! prison is atta*$4 ,9 po9t ( appe>ance ! un=tunate inmates ( ,*9ese prisons are p]haps ( all m5 ! mo/ abject & mis]able4 ,_! dea?-l c\nt5ances1 emaciat$ =ms & long co>se black hair1 :i*1 accord+ to prison rules1 !y are n all[$ to %ave1 give !m ! appe>ance r ( demons ?an ( m51 & /rike ! m9d ( ! behold] ) impressions ( gloom & sorr[ t are n easily =gott54 ,prison]s 9 e w>d ) "o exception only we> fett]s4 ,! exception is ! prison] :o is suppos$ to be m respectable & :o conducts himself bett] ?an any ( 8 fell[s 9 crime4 ,he is all[$ ! full fre$om ( 8 limbs & z a m>k ( confid5ce & tru/ ! privilege is conf]r$ ^u him ( act+ z ov]se] & gu>dian ( 8 comrades4 ,! dress worn by ,*9ese prison]s consi/s ( a coat & tr\s]s ( a co>se r$ fabric4 ,on ! back ( ! coat is pr9t$ 9 l>ge indelible *>act]s ! "n ( ! prison 9 :i* its we>] is conf9$ s t %\ld he escape f durance he w\ld at once be recognis$ z a runaway or prison break]1 & 8 recapture facilitat$4 ,ea* prison is presid$ ov] by a gov]nor :o has "u him a consid]able numb] ( turnkeys4 ,?us ea* l>ge prison 9 ,canton has a gov]nor1 tw5ty-f\r turnkeys1 ?irty-sev5 wat*m5 & fifte5 spe>m54 ,9 a b>rack beyond ! doors or gates ( ea* prison is a resid5t gu>d ( soldi]s4 ,! turnkeys1 wat*m51 spe>m51 & s =?1 become ! mo/ caseh>d5$ & incorrigible ( ! crim9als f ! great am\nt ( mis]y :i* !y daily witness4 ,! policem5 :o are atta*$ to ! yamun are also m5 ( vile "*1 & x is un=tunately too common = !m to %>e ! booty ) ! ?ief & hoodw9k or deceive ! magi/rate4 ,! gov]nor ( a ,*9ese prison pur*ases 8 appo9tm5t f ! local gov]nm5t4 ,he receives no sal>y f ! /ate & is compell$1 !re=e1 to rec\p himself by exact+ money f su* relatives or fri5ds ( prison]s z are 9 good circum/ances & naturally anxi\s t _! unhappy fri5ds %\ld escape z f> z possible ! sad deprivations & cruelties = :i* ,*9ese prisons are s notori\s4 ,to ea* prison a gran>y is atta*$ 9 :i* rice ( ! *eape/ & co>se/ k9d is /or$ by ! gov]nor4 ,?is rice is "o ( 8 p]quisites1 & he retails x to ! prison]s at a remun]ative price4 ,vegetables & firewood = cul9>y purposes1 bo? ( :i* are daily (f]$ = sale to ! prison]s1 are also suppli$ by him4 ,z ! gov]nm5t daily all[ance to ea* prison] does n exce$ tw5ty-five ca%1 ! prison]s :o are )\t fri5ds are n (t5 able to buy ev5 vegetables & firewood4 ,besides ! prison 9 :i* convicts are conf9$ !re is also )9 ! prec9cts ( ! yamun a h\se ( det5tion4 ,?is is nei!r s l>ge nor s /rongly enclos$ z ! common gaol4 ,g5]ally1 9 su* a h\se ( det5tion !re is a l>ge *amb] :i* is set ap>t = ! reception ( prison]s on rem&1 :o h fri5ds able & will+ to satisfy ! dem&s ( ! gov]nor4 ,by ?is arrangem5t su* prison]s avoid ! mis]y ( be+ %ut up 9 ! same w>d ) m5 ( ! vile/ "* & (t5 mo/ loa?some condition1 cov]$ ) fil? or suff]+ f v>i\s k9ds ( cutane\s diseases4 ,! arrangem5t is a great advantage to ! gov]nor ( ! gaol & to all prison]s :o c af=d to pay = x1 b a great disadvantage to o!r inmates4 ,! space requir$ = ! conv5i5ce ( prison]s :o h fri5ds to look aft] _! wants leaves v little room inde$ = ! reception ( ! great majority ( ! poor] crim9als1 :o are huddl$ toge!r 9 a common w>d sometimes too cr[d$ to all[ its occupants to lie d[n4 ,9 ! city ( ,canton1 on ! /reets adjo9+ ! yamuns1 !re are o!r h\ses ( det5tion1 all d5sely cr[d$4 ,imprisonm5t is n ! only p5alty inflict$2 cases ( petty l>c5y are g5]ally dealt ) by flogg+4 ,! culprit is h&cuff$ & ) ! id5tical article :i* he /ole1 or "o simil>1 susp5d$ f 8 neck1 is m>*$ ?r\gh ! /reets ( ! neighb\rhood 9 :i* ! !ft 0 committ$4 ,he is prec$$ by a man beat+ a gong1 & at ea* beat ( ! gong an (fic] :o walks beh9d gives him a sev]e bl[ ) a d\ble rattan across ! %\ld]s1 exclaim+1 8,?is is ! puni%m5t due to a ?ief40 ,z ! culprit has to pass ?r\gh ?ree or f\r /reets 8 puni%m5t1 al?\gh reg>d$ by ! ,*9ese z a m9or "o1 is c]ta9ly n lack+ 9 sev]ity1 & is (t5 accompani$ by a consid]able fl[ ( blood4 ,a ?ief :o _h /ol5 a wat* f "o ( 8 c\ntrym5 0 flogg$ ?r\gh ! ,honam suburb ( ,canton1 b ! (fic] appo9t$ to flog him 0 v corpul5t1 & f 8 great e>ne/ness 9 ! dis*>ge ( 8 duty became q brea?less be=e ! v>i\s /reets along :i* ! culprit 0 s5t5c$ to pass _h be5 fully trav]s$4 ,! p]son f :om ! wat* _h be5 /ol51 see+ t ! ?ief might escape ! full sev]ity ( 8 p5alty1 snat*$ ! d\ble rattan f ! h& ( ! exhau/$ (fic] & appli$ x himself mo/ unm]cifully to ! ?ief's back4 ,wom5 :o are convict$ ( ?iev+ are 9 "s in/ances puni%$ 9 ?is way4 ,occasionally a long bamboo is us$ 9 cases ( petty l>c5y4 ,:5 ?is is ! case1 h[ev]1 ! culprit receives 8 flogg+ 9 c\rt 9 front ( ! tribunal4 ,he is at once d5ud$ ( 8 tr\s]s & ! numb] ( bl[s v>ies accord+ to ! nature ( ! l>c5y1 f t5 to ?ree hundr$4 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,norman1 :o witness$ a mo/ cruel flogg+ 9 c\rt1 :i* left ! prison] 9 a pitiable /ate1 ass]ts t :5 a policeman 0 call$ to suff] ! same puni%m5t1 x 0 se5 t he _h b\nd /rips ( wood on himself to cat* ! full =ce ( ! bamboo4 ,! prescrib$ numb] ( /rokes 7 adm9i/]$1 b ! fraud 0 pla9ly app>5t to ! magi/rate & all ! spectators1 & ! policeman1 :o 0 none ! worse = ! flogg+1 w5t ab\t 8 duties z usual :5 ! ordeal 0 ov]4 ,spectacles ( ?is k9d1 says ! same au?ority1 seem to be highly enjoy$ by a ,*9ese audi5ce4 ,*9ese ,puni%m5t ,! cangue1 or squ>e & heavy wood5 coll>1 is "o ( ! modes by :i* petty (f5d]s are puni%$ 9 ,*9a4 ,! weight v>ies ) ! (f5ce1 & !y are worn f a =tnight to ?ree mon?s1 dur+ :i* "t ! cangue is n remov$ by day or night4 ,?is device inflicts sev]e puni%m5t1 prev5t+ ! culprit f assum+ any position ( re/4 ,! "n ( ! prison] & ! nature ( 8 (f5ce are writt5 on ! cangue 9 l>ge lett]s1 s t 8he :o runs may read10 & he is (t5 made to /& at "o ( ! pr9cipal gates or 9 "s o!r conspicu\s place z an object ( univ]sal contempt4 ,illu/ration ,! cangue1 or squ>e1 heavy wood5 coll>1 is ano!r mode by :i* petty (f5d]s 9 ,*9a are puni%$4 ,cangues v>y 9 weight1 "s be+ consid]ably l>g] & heavi] ?an o!rs4 ,! p]iod = :i* an (f5d] is s5t5c$ to we> ?is coll> v>ies f a =tnight to ?ree mon?s4 ,dur+ ! :ole ( ?is "t ! cangue is n remov$ f ! neck ( ! prison] ei!r by day or by night4 ,its =m prev5ts ! we>] f /ret*+ himself on ! gr\nd at full l5g?1 & to judge f ! att5uat$ appe>ance ( prison]s :o h und]gone x1 ! puni%m5t mu/ be t]ribly sev]e4 ,! "n ( ! lawbreak] & ! nature ( 8 (f5ce are writt5 on ! cangue 9 l>ge lett]s1 8s t all ! _w may read40 ,! au?orities (t5 make ! victim /& f sunrise to sunset at "o ( ! pr9cipal gates or 9 front ( "o ( ! *ief temples or public halls ( ! city1 :]e he is reg>d$ z an object ( univ]sal scorn & contempt4 ,ano!r mode ( puni%+ a crim9al is t ( conf9+ him 9 a cage4 ,! cages are ( diff]5t =ms1 ! wor/ be+ too %ort to all[ ! occupants to place !mselves 9 a recumb5t position & too l[ to admit ( _! /&+4 ,to ! top ( "o k9d is atta*$ a wood5 coll> or cangue by :i* ! neck ( ! crim9al1 :i* x is made to fit1 is firmly held4 ,ano!r cage resembles ! =m] 9 all respects b "o4 ,! diff]5ce consi/s 9 its be+ high] ?an its occupant1 s t :ile 8 neck is held fa/ by ! wood5 coll> atta*$ to ! top ( ! cage1 ! tips ( 8 toes b>ely t\* ! floor4 ,inde$1 ! floor1 :i* is only a few in*es f ! gr\nd1 is sometimes remov$ s t ! prison] may be susp5d$ by ! neck4 ,?is puni%m5t almo/ inv>iably proves fatal4 ,! victims are z a rule ?ieves & robb]s4 ,!y are (t5 puni%$ by be+ b\nd to /ones by means ( long *a9s pass$ r\nd _! necks4 ,! /ones are n l>ge1 b suffici5tly heavy to inconv5i5ce !m z !y walk to & f ! prison to ! entrance gates ( ! yamun1 9 front ( :i* !y are daily expos$4 ,^! /ones are _! insep>able companions by night & by day ?r\gh\t ! :ole p]iod ( _! inc>c]ation4 ,9 "s in/ances !y are b\nd to long b>s ( iron & are daily expos$ to ! scorn ( all pass]s by4 ,= capital & o!r (f5ces ( a s]i\s nature !re are six classes ( puni%m5t4 ,! fir/1 call$ l+ *e1 has already be5 m5tion$4 ,x is inflict$ ^u traitors1 p>ricides1 matricides1 fratricides & murd]]s ( husb&s1 uncles & tutors4 ,! crim9al is cut into ei!r "o hundr$ & tw5ty1 sev5ty-two1 ?irty-six or tw5ty-f\r pieces4 ,%\ld !re be ext5uat+ circum/ances1 8 body1 z a m>k ( imp]ial clem5cy1 is divid$ into eight portions only4 ,! puni%m5t ( tw5ty-f\r cuts is inflict$ z foll[s3 ! fir/ & second cuts remove ! eyebr[s2 ! ?ird & f\r? ! %\ld]s2 ! fif? & six? ! brea/s2 ! sev5? & eigh? ! p>ts betwe5 ea* h& & elb[2 ! n9? & t5? ! p>ts betwe5 ea* elb[ & %\ld]2 ! elev5? & twelf? ! fle% ( ea* ?igh2 ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? ! calf ( ea* leg2 ! fifte5? pi]ces ! he>t2 ! sixte5? sev]s ! head f ! body2 ! sev5te5? & eighte5? cut (f ! h&s2 ! n9ete5? & tw5tie? ! arms2 ! tw5ty-fir/ & tw5ty-second ! feet2 ! tw5ty-?ird & tw5ty-f\r? ! legs4 ,t ( eight cuts is inflict$ z foll[s2 ! fir/ & second cuts remove ! eyebr[s2 ! ?ird & f\r? ! %\ld]s2 ! fif? & six? ! brea/s2 ! sev5? pi]ces ! he>t2 ! eigh? sev]s ! head f ! body4 ,a great _m political (f5d]s und]w5t executions ( ! fir/ class at ,canton dur+ ! vice-royalty ( ,8 ,excell5cy1 ,yeh4 ,on ! f\rte5? day ( ,decemb]1 #ahfd1 ! fam\s ,hakka rebel lead]1 ,tai ,*ee-kwei by "n1 0 put to dea? at ,canton 9 ! same mann]4 ,! second class ( capital puni%m5t1 :i* is call$ *an or decapitation1 is ! p5alty due to murd]]s1 rebels1 pirates1 burgl>s1 etc4 ,prison]s :o are s5t5c$ to decapitation are kept 9 ignorance ( ! h\r fix$ = _! execution until ! prec$+ day4 ,occasionally !y h only a few h\rs' & 9 "s in/ances only a few m9utes' w>n+4 ,:5 ! "t has arriv$ = mak+ ! condemn$ man ready = execution1 an (fic] 9 full co/ume1 c>ry+ 9 8 h& a bo>d on :i* is pa/$ a li/ ( ! names ( ! prison]s :o are t day to atone = _! crimes1 ent]s ! prison1 & 9 ! he>+ ( all ! prison]s assembl$ 9 ! w>d1 reads al\d ! li/ ( ! condemn$4 ,ea* prison] ^: "n is call$ at once answ]s to x1 & he is !n made to sit 9 a basket to be c>ri$ once m into ! pres5ce ( a judge4 ,z he is tak5 ?r\gh ! out] gate1 he is int]rogat$ ?r\gh an int]pret] by an (ficial :o acts on ! occasion z ! vic]oy's repres5tative4 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,norman describ$ 9 #ahie an execution ( fifte5 (f5d]s ( ?is class :i* he _h witness$4 ,! condemn$ 7 c>ri$ into ! place ( execution 9 flat baskets susp5d$ f bamboo poles1 & lit]ally dump$ out1 b\nd h& & foot4 ,a slip ( pap] 0 /uck 9 ! queue ( ea* condemn$ man1 :i* describ$ ! nature ( ! crime4 ,^! 7 tak5 out & /ack$ up by "o ( ! execution]s1 & !n ! "w ( sev]+ ! heads began1 "o ( ! execution]s hold+ ! victim's %\ld]s :ile ! o!r us$ ! knife4 ,all ( ^? ab\t to be behead$ witness$ ! decapitation ( _! comrades1 & ! spectators yell$ ) delight & fr5zy4 ,:5 ! la/ head _h be5 sev]$1 ! place 0 ankle-deep 9 blood & ! execution]1 :o us$ ! knife1 0 cov]$ ) x4 ,! bodies 7 ?r[n into a pond & ! heads 7 put 9 e>!nw>e j>s & /ack$ up ) o!rs surr\nd+ ?is pott]'s field4 ,a ?ird puni%m5t is call$ nam-k[1 or dea? by /rangulation4 ,?is is inflict$ on kidnapp]s & all ?ieves :o ) viol5ce /eal articles ! value ( :i* am\nts to five hundr$ doll>s & upw>d4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ?is =m ( capital puni%m5t is inflict$ is z foll[s3--,a cross is erect$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! execution gr\nd1 at ! foot ( :i* a /one is plac$1 & ^u ?is ! prison] /&s4 ,8 body is made fa/ to ! p]p5dicul> beam ( ! cross by a b& pass+ r\nd ! wai/1 :ile 8 arms are b\nd to ! transv]se beam4 ,! execution] !n places r\nd ! neck ( ! prison] a ?9 b /rong piece ( tw9e1 :i* he tight5s to ! utmo/ & !n ties 9 a firm knot r\nd ! upp] "p ( ! p]p5dicul> beam4 ,dea? by ?is cruel process is v sl[ & is app>5tly att5d$ ) extreme agony4 ,! body rema9s on ! cross dur+ a p]iod ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 ! %]iff be=e leav+ ! execution gr\nd tak+ c>e to atta* 8 seal to ! knot ( ! tw9e :i* passes r\nd ! neck ( ! malefactor4 ,! f\r? class ( puni%m5t is call$ man-kwan1 or transportation = life4 ,! crim9als :o are ?us puni%$ are embezzl]s1 =g]s1 etc4 ,! places ( bani%m5t 9 ! nor? ( ,*9a & ,t>t>y are nam$ respectively ,hack-loong-kong1 ,elee ,n+-koo-tap & ,oloo-muk-tsze4 ,all convicts f ! midl& & s\!rn prov9ces are s5t to "o or ! o!r ( ^! places1 :]e ! unhappy m5 are employ$ 9 a great measure accord+ to _! =m] circum/ances ( life4 ,^? :o are ( a robu/ nature & :o h be5 accu/om$ to agricultural pursuits are daily occupi$ 9 reclaim+ & cultivat+ wa/e l&s4 ,o!rs1 m especially ^? :o h be5 s5t f ! s\!rn prov9ces1 :]e ! heat 9 summ] is almo/ tropical1 are1 9 consequ5ce ( ! sev]ity ( ! cold :i* prevails 9 nor!rn latitudes1 made to "w 9 gov]nm5t iron f\ndries4 ,! ag$ & ^? :o h n be5 accu/om$ to manual lab\r are daily employ$ 9 sweep+ ! /ate temples & o!r public build+s4 ,! fif? class ( puni%m5t is t]m$ man-l[1 or transportation = t5 or fifte5 ye>s4 ,! crim9als ( ?is class are petty burgl>s & p]sons :o h>b\r ^? :o h brok5 ! laws4 ,su* (f5d]s are g5]ally s5t to ! midl& prov9ces ( ! empire1 :]e ! arrangem5ts = convict lab\r are simil> to ^? ( ! p5al settlem5ts ( ! nor?4 ,convicts ( ?is class :o are natives ( ! midl& prov9ces are s5t ei!r to ! ea/]n1 we/]n or s\!rn prov9ces ( ! empire4 ,! b>b>\s practice ( tattoo+ ! *eeks is also resort$ to ) ^! prison]s4 ,! six? class is call$ man-t[1 or transportation = ?ree ye>s4 ,a puni%m5t ( ?is nature is ! portion ( gambl]s1 salt smuggl]s1 etc4 ,a convict ( ?is class is transport$ to "o ( ! prov9ces imm$iately bord]+ ^u t ( :i* he is a native or 9 :i* 8 crime 0 committ$4 ,oppression by ! rul+ class 0 always rife 9 ,*9a1 & in/ances might be multipli$ record+ ! cruel misusage ( inf]iors by ! m&>9s4 ,"o case 9 :i* ample v5geance 0 exact$ by ! aggriev$ victim may be quot$ "h4 ,! /ory is told by ,lady ,susan ,t[nley 9 h] 8,*9ese ,note ,book40 8,a well-to-d f>m] call$ ,*iang-lo liv$ happily on 8 e/ate ) a pretty wife :om he lov$1 until "o day1 z ill luck w\ld h x1 a ri* ,m&>9 pass$ t way1 :o1 see+ ! fair dame1 /raightway desir$ h]4 ,anxi\s to get rid ( ! husb& by fair means or f\l1 he trump$ up a *>ge aga9/ him1 & ! f>m] 0 condemn$ #8to be a slave to a soldi]1' :i* meant t he w\ld be m>*$ 9 heavy *a9s f ,pek+ to ! nor!rn fronti] ( ,*9a1 cruelly beat5 at e /ation 7!y occur ab\t e eighte5 miles71 & ill-treat$ at w by ! soldi] 9 *>ge ( him4 ,?is s5t5ce is usually equival5t to dea?1 = few c survive ! h>d%ips ( su* a j\rney1 ! fatigue1 heat1 cold1 hung] & torture4 ,b our fri5d ) hatr$ 9 8 he>t resolv$ to live 9 ord] to be rev5g$ ^u 8 enemy4 ,s he bore all 8 suff]+s ) sup]human c\rage1 & f9ally arriv$ at 8 de/9ation on ! fronti]1 :]e he 0 put to "w 9 a m9e40 ,aft] he _h be5 !re ab\t ?ree ye>s ,8 ,maje/y ,kwang ,hsu assum$ ! re9s ( gov]nm5t1 & accord$ a g5]al p>don to all crim9als4 ,?us 9 a night ,*iang-lo recov]$ 8 fre$om1 & )\t a mom5t's hesitation set (f to trudge back to ,pek+4 8,?is "t !re 0 hope 9 8 he>t = he meant to kill 8 enemy & ! wife :o _h betray$ him4 ,:5 he saw h] aga91 h[ev]1 all 8 old love = h] return$ & ?\gh %e refus$ to g ) him1 & ?\gh he knew t if he kill$ !m bo?1 ,*9ese law w\ld acc\nt him guiltless1 :]eas if he kill$ h] lov] & sp>$ h]1 he w\ld be consid]$ guilty ( murd]1 & w\ld h to be> ! p5alty1 he did n hesitate "o mom5t1 b left h] & w5t to f9d h] s$uc]4 8,= days he track$ him ab\t ! t[n1 wait+ = a fav\rable opportunity4 ,at la/ x came1 z 8 rival pass$ him 9 ! deep embrasure ( ! ,*i5-m5 gate4 ,spr++ f 8 place ( concealm5t he *all5g$ him to fight1 b ! c[>d refus$4 ,!n ,*iang-lo 444 drew 8 knife & repeat$ly /abb$ him 9 ! he>t4 ,:5 he saw 8 enemy ly+ dead at 8 feet1 ! apa?y ( despair fell ^u him4 ,wip+ 8 knife on 8 sleeve he b[$ 8 head1 & turn+ 8 /eps to ! ne>e/ police /ation calmly gave himself up4 ,a few weeks lat] he 0 behead$40 ,x is int]e/+ to read t ! prevail+ me?od ( puni%m5t 9 ,*9a 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury diff]$ little f t 9 =ce at a v rec5t date4 ,9 ! memoirs ( ! ,jesuit ,l\is le ,comte1 publi%$ 9 #afih1 he says3 8,!y h sev]al ways ( inflict+ dea?4 ,mean & ignoble p]sons h _! heads cut (f1 = 9 ,*9a ! sep>ation ( ! head f ! body is disgraceful4 ,on ! contr>y1 p]sons ( quality are /rangl$1 :i* among !m is a dea? ( m cr$it4444 ,rebels & traitors are puni%$ ) ! utmo/ sev]ity2 t is1 to speak z !y d1 !y cut !m into t5 ?\s& pieces4 ,= aft] t ! execution] ha? ti$ !m to a po/1 he cuts (f ! sk9 all r\nd _! =ehead :i* he te>s by =ce till x hangs ov] _! eyes1 t !y may n see ! torm5ts !y are to endure4 ,aft]w>ds he cuts _! bodies 9 :at places he ?9ks fit1 & :5 he is tir$ ( ?is b>b>\s employm5t1 he leaves !m to ! tyranny ( _! enemies & ! insults ( ! mob40 ,cruelty1 :i* is "o ( ! /ronge/ *>act]i/ics ( ! ,*9ese nature1 manife/s itself n only 9 ! application ( crim9al law1 b ) a peculi> call\sness !y delight to torture dumb animals & enjoy witness+ ! suff]+s ( *ildr5 & adults ( _! own race4 ,a common practice ( ! pr(essional kidnapp] is to bl9d a *ild aft] /eal+ x1 & !n c>ry x away to ano!r t[n & sell x = a pr(essional begg>4 ,infant life is /ill be+ de/roy$ by p>5ts 9 "s di/ricts ( ,*9a1 & ! abom9able cu/om is difficult to eradicate1 z ! *ildr5 are simply ab&on$ & left to />ve1 & if ! crime is discov]$ x is difficult to prove delib]ate murd]4 ,cases h be5 kn[n ( ,*9ese boatm5 refus+ to rescue p]sons :o _h ?r[n !mselves ov]bo>d f a s9k+ craft & 7 dr[n+1 unless !y agre$ to pay an exorbitant sum ask$ z ! price ( rescue4 ,!y h ev5 be5 kn[n to look on passively :ile _! fell[-c\ntrym5 7 /ruggl+ = life 9 ! wat]1 )\t rais+ a h& to help !m4 ,x is b natural to expect t 9 a c\ntry :]e su* occurr5ces are common1 ! puni%m5ts inflict$ on ! really guilty %\ld exce$ any?+ kn[n 9 ! practices ( ! enlight5$ nations ( to-day4 ,,prisons ,,( ,,japan ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,enlight5$ ,,me?ods ,,( ,,japan ,enlight5$ ,japan has /riv5 to e/abli% a p]fect prison sy/em--,new prisons--,deportation to ! isl& ( ,yezo--,agricultural lab\r & "w 9 coal m9es--,two f9e prisons 9 ,tokio--,description by ,mr4 ,norman--,! gall[s--,tra9+ s*ool = prison (ficials--,discipl9>y puni%m5ts & rew>ds4 ,japan z an enlight5$ & progressive c\ntry has made /r5u\s ef=ts to e/abli% 8z p]fect a prison sy/em z possible2 "o :i* is 9 h>mony ) ! advancem5t ( sci5ce & ! results ( exp]i5ce40 ,^! re=ms 7 comm5c$ 9 #ahga & 7 cont9u$ 9 v>i\s new prisons at ,tokio1 ,kobold1 ,kiogo & ^u ! isl& ( ,yezo1 all admirably organis$ & ma9ta9$4 ,?is movem5t 0 hurri$ on by ! great ov]cr[d+ ( ! small prov9cial prisons on acc\nt ( ! accumulation ( long-t]m prison]s4 ,no prop] discipl9e c\ld be appli$ & !re 0 absolutely no room = %ort-t]m (f5d]s4 ,mo/ ( ^? s5t5c$ to h>d lab\r & deportation are n[ s5t to ! p5al settlem5t on ! isl& ( ,yezo1 :]e !y are employ$ bo? )9 ! prisons & at agriculture 9 ! op5 air4 ,e advantage is tak5 ( ! natural aptitudes ( ! ,japanese1 & ! inmates ( gaols prove ! mo/ exp]t & arti/ic workm54 ,! v wor/ crim9als are s5t to ! prison ( ,sora*i 9 ! remote isl& ( ,yezo1 beyond ,poronaibuto--a bleak1 desolate spot surr\nd$ by ! usual bamboo f5ce--:i* holds ab\t sixte5 hundr$ convicts4 ,!y are to be se5 squatt$ on mats at "w1 ea* 9 front ( 8 own sleep+ place1 & on a %elf above are 8 wadd$ b$-quilt1 ) a mosquito curta9 on top ( ea*4 ,! place is s isolat$ & surr\nd$ by su* an imp5etrable jungle t escapes are out ( ! "q4 ,a little fur!r on is ! prison ( ,poronai1 9 a delightful spot1 :]e ! mo/ ext5sive coal fields ( ,japan are locat$4 ,a small build+ h\ses "s six hundr$ convicts :o "w 9 ! coal seams on ! side ( ! hill4 8,h>d lab\r inde$10 says ,mr4 ,w+field4 8,heavily *a9$1 by light ( a safety lamp ! wret*$ convicts 7 cr\*+ 9 holes :]e !re 0 no room to raise ! head or /ret* ! limbs1 & "h !y _h to rema9 = eighte5 h\rs at a "t40 ,_! s5t5ces 7 = twelve ye>s1 al?\gh remission might by good conduct be secur$ aft] sev54 ,yet ^! luckless ,japanese bore _! irksome lot ) a light he>t4 8,z we 7 leav+ ,poronai at #e ,a4 ,m410 says ! same obs]v]1 8we met a bat* ( m9]s m>*+ to face _! ordeal & _m aft] ! eighte5 h\rs are complet$ h to be remov$ to hospital4 ,!y 7 clank+ _! *a9s "r m]rily1 talk+ & laugh+ l\dly1 b&y+ quips & jokes40 ,japan is a l& ( rapid transition & no?+ has *ang$ m completely 9 rec5t ye>s ?an ,japanese prisons4 ,/ill !re 0 "s sy/em1 ev5 9 anci5t days4 ,! sexes 7 kept ap>t1 ! p5alty ( ! log worn r\nd ! neck & fa/5$ to ! ankle 0 n impos$ ^u ! ag$ or juv5ile (f5d]1 nor ^u dw>fs1 invalids or pregnant wom54 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury a prison re=m] arose :o organis$ five new prisons 9 ,y$do = five diff]5t classes ( prison]s1 compris+ females & p]sons ( diff]5t conditions ( life4 ,prop] prison (fic]s 7 appo9t$1 & security 0 obta9$ )\t despis+ sanit>y ne$s4 ,/ill !re mu/ h be5 mu* mutual contam9ation1 ow+ to ! indiscrim9ate h]d+ toge!r1 & ! ma9t5ance ( int]nal ord] 0 left to ! prison]s :o *ose among !mselves a nan\%i1 or head1 ) elev5 assi/ants to control ! :ole body4 ,flogg+ 0 inflict$ & h&cuffs 7 univ]sally worn4 ,9 #agij a h\se ( correction 0 e/abli%$ on ! isl& ( ,y%ikavoy 9 ! ,bay ( ,y$do1 to :i* 7 committ$ all vagabonds or incorrigible prison]s :om x 0 ?\ght unsafe to set free le/ !y %\ld relapse into crime4 ,! "w on ?is isl& 0 *iefly ! manufacture ( oil4 ,9 cases ( escape & recapture ! fugitives 7 br&$ ) a c]ta9 tattoo m>k on ! left arm4 ,ev5 9 ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ! same brutal me?ods ( torture prevail$ z 9 ,*9a 7f :]e _! bloody codes 7 mo/ly borr[$71 & !re are pres]v$ collections ( in/rum5ts ( torture z diabolical z any kn[n to hi/ory4 ,crime1 too1 0 n lack+ 9 ^? 8isles ( ! ble/10 & e species ( moral fil? & corruption ab\nd$1 :i* 0 %[n 9 its true col\rs :5 ! lib]ty ( ! press 0 grant$1 9 #ahgb-ahgd4 ,! numb] ( executions & dea?s 9 ! native prisons at t "t 0 said to av]age ?ree ?\s& p] annum4 ,! *ief prison ( ! empire1 9 ,tokio1 z describ$ by ,mr4 ,william ,m4 ,griffis1 :o visit$ x 9 #ahge1 0 v diff]5t 9 its sanit>y appo9tm5ts & g5]al condition f ! prisons ( ,tokio to-day4 ,a curi\s feature 0 a small ro($ 9 /ructure 9 ! prison y>d1 ) op5 sides1 :]e condemn$ m5 ( rank 7 all[$ to expiate _! crimes by plung+ ! dirk into _! own bodies1 aft] :i* ! execution] cut (f _! heads4 ,! head1 laid on a tray1 0 !n inspect$ by an (fic] ( ju/ice4 ,!re 7 v few ( su* executions aft] #ahga4 ,! ord9>y crim9al 0 behead$ 9 ! blood-pit1 s-call$1 :i* 0 a pit surr\nd$ ) a mu* /a9$ & sla%$ wood5 curb1 & kept cov]$ by a sort ( trap-door4 ,9 ! pit 7 mats1 "o above ! o!r1 :i* _h be5 soak$ ) ! blood ( _m crim9als4 8,! fa9t od\r t asc5d$10 says ,mr4 ,griffis1 80 m horrible 9 ! awful cl\d ( associations :i* x call$ up ?an ! m]e /5*40 ,x 0 !n ,april & tw5ty-five heads _h fall5 !re s9ce ! ye> began4 ,! crim9al 0 l$ to ! pit bl9dfold$ & 0 behead$ ) an ord9>y sword1 %>p z a razor4 ,dea? foll[$ frequ5tly on ! day ( s5t5ce & nev] lat] ?an ! day aft]4 ,tokio has n[ two prisons2 ! fir/ & *ief is situat$ ^u ! isl& ( ,o%ikawa at ! s\? ( ! city1 & ! second1 ! convict & female prison ( ,i*igawa1 is 9 ! c5tre ( ! city4 ,! =m] is completely isolat$1 all communication ) ! ma9l& be+ by police f]ry1 & c accommodate two ?\s& m5 & boys1 :o are s]v+ t]ms ( t5 ye>s or less4 ,! prison ( ,i*igawa usually conta9s fifte5 hundr$ m5 & ab\t "o hundr$ wom51 among :om are _m s]v+ life s5t5ces4 ,atta*$ to ! prison is a convict f>m1 & x is "h t capital puni%m5t is c>ri$ out4 ,o!rwise ! two prisons resemble ea* o!r closely & a description ( "o w answ] = bo?1 says ,mr4 ,norman1 :o describ$ !m 9 #ahib1 & gives ! foll[+ acc\nt3 8,! entrance is ?r\gh a massive wood5 gateway1 into a gu>d-room adjo9+ :i* are ! (fices ( ! director & (ficials4 ,! prison itself consi/s ( a score or m ( deta*$ "o-/ory build+s1 all ( wood & "s ( !m m]ely sub/antial %$s1 "u :i* ! r\gh] lab\r1 l /one-break+1 is p]=m$4 ,! dormitories are enorm\s wood5 cages1 ! front & "p ( ! back =m$ ( b>s z ?ick z "o's arm1 be=e :i* aga9 is a n>r[ cov]$ passage1 :]e ! w>d] on gu>d walks at night4 ,!re is n a p>ticle ( furniture or a s+le article ( any k9d ^u ! floor1 :i* is poli%$ till x reflects y\r body l a mirror4 ,no boot1 ( c\rse1 ev] t\*es x4 ,! ?ick quilts1 or futon1 :i* con/itute ev]y:]e ! ,japanese b$1 are all roll$ up & /ack$ on a broad %elf runn+ r\nd ! room ov]head4 ,ea* dormitory holds n9ety-six prison]s1 & !re is a long r[ ( !m4 ,! sanit>y arrangem5ts are situat$ 9 a little addition at ! back1 & ,i 0 assur$ t ^! _h n be5 made pleasant = my inspection4 ,if n1 ,i c only say t 9 ?is mo/ important respect a ,japanese prison c\ld n well be improv$4 ,9 fact1 ! :ole dormitory1 ) its p]fect v5tilation1 its con/ruction ( solid1 highly-poli%$ wood1 9 :i* !re is no *ance = v]m9 to h>b\r1 & its comb9$ simplicity & security1 is an almo/ ideal prison /ructure4 ,( c\rse ! fact t e ,japanese1 f ! emp]or to ! coolie1 sleeps ^u quilts spread out on ! floor1 greatly simplifies ! task ( ! prison ar*itect 9 ,japan4 8,on leav+ ! dormitories we pass$ a small1 isolat$ squ>e erection1 peak$ & gabl$ l a little temple4 ,! door 0 solemnly unlock$ & flung back1 & ,i 0 motion$ to ent]4 ,x 0 ! puni%m5t cell1 ano!r spotless wood5 box1 well v5tilat$1 b p]fectly d>k1 & ) walls s ?ick z to r5d] x practically sil5t4 #8,h[ _m prison]s h be5 9 x dur+ ! la/ mon?8' ,i ask$4 ,! director summon$ ! *ief w>d]1 & repeat$ my "q to him4 #8,none :atev]1' 0 ! reply4 #8,:at o!r puni%m5ts h y8' #8,none :atev]4' #8,no flogg+8' ,:5 ?is "q 0 translat$ ! director & ! little gr\p ( (ficials all laugh$ toge!r at ! b>e idea4 ,i c\ld n help wond]+ :e!r !re 0 ano!r prison 9 ! _w ) no me?od ( puni%m5t = two ?\s& crim9als except "o d>k cell1 & t n us$ = a mon?4 ,& ! recollection ( ! fil?y & suffocat+ /y us$ z a puni%m5t cell 9 ! city prison ( ,san ,francisco came ^u me l a nausea40 ,9 ,japan a prison consi/s ( two p>ts--dormitories & work%ops4 ,!re is no?+ :atev] ( cells or regulation prison build+s prop]ly speak+4 ,x is a place ( det5tion1 ( re=mation1 & ( pr(itable "w4 ,! visitors f\nd 9 ! fir/ work%op1 to _! great surprise1 a c\ple ( hundr$ prison]s mak+ ma*9]y & /eam boil]s4 ,"o w>d]1 c>ry+ only a sword1 0 9 *>ge ( e fifte5 m54 ,! prison]s 7 work+ on contract ord]s = private firms1 "u ! sup]vision ( "o skill$ ma/] & "o repres5tative ( ! firm giv+ ! contract4 ,!y "w n9e h\rs a day1 & are dress$ 9 cotton suits ( a peculi> t]ra-cotta col\r4 ,:5 ! =eign]s ent]$1 ! w>d] on gu>d came to att5tion & cri$1 8,pay att5tion60 ,e "o ceas$ "w & b[$ ) 8 =ehead to ! floor1 rema9+ 9 t attitude until a second ord] bade !m rise4 ,!y 7 mak+ l>ge brass & iron /eam pumps1 & ! work%op1 ) its buzz ( ma*9]y & its intellig5t lab\r1 0 mu* l a "p ( an ars5al "h or 9 ,europe4 ,ano!r %op conta9$ ! wood-c>v]s1 :]e m ?an a hundr$ m51 ) blocks ( wood betwe5 _! knees1 7 c>v+ ) ke5 int]e/ ^u all sorts ( ?+s1 f simple trays & b[ls to fragile & delicate long-legg$ /orks4 8,i b\ght10 says our au?or1 8an admirably-c>v$ tobacco box1 repres5t+ ! ,god ( ,laught] be+ dragg$ along by 8 cloak by six nak$ boys1 & aft]w>d ,i ask$ "s ,japanese fri5ds :o suppos$ ,i _h pick$ x up at a curio-deal]'s1 h[ mu* x 0 wor?4 ,!y guess$ t5 y5--?irty %ill+s4 ,i paid sixty-eight s5 = x--less ?an two %ill+s4 ,x is a piece ( "w t w\ld be admir$ any:]e1 & yet x 0 ! "w ( a common burgl> :o _h made ! acqua9tance ( a c>v+ tool & a prison at ! same "t40 ,!re 7 also pap]-mak]s1 weav]s 7:o 7 mak+ ! fabric = ! prison clo?+71 fan-mak]s1 lant]n-mak]s & work]s 9 baskets1 mats1 & nets4 ,a pr9t+ %op1 too1 !re 01 :]e ! pro(-read] 0 a crim9al ( m ?an ord9>y int]e/4 ,he _h be5 secret>y ( legation 9 ,france & _h abscond$ ) a l>ge sum1 leav+ 8 %oes on ! riv] bank to lead ! au?orities to believe he _h committ$ suicide1 b he _h be5 arre/$ ev5tually 9 ,g]many ) 8 mi/ress4 ,9 "o ( ! %ops j9riki%as 7 be+ made1 9 ano!r umbrellas 7 be+ c>v$ elaborately & 9 ano!r e k9d ( pott]y 0 be+ turn$ out4 ,to ! amazem5t ( ! visitors1 !y f\nd sixty m51 common ?ieves & burgl>s1 mak+ ! exquisite cloisonn w>e--8cutt+ by eye-measurem5t only ! t9y /rips ( copp] to make ! outl9e ( a bird's beak or ! %ad+ ( 8 w+ or ! articulations ( 8 toe1 /ick+ ^! ^u ! r\nd$ surface ( ! copp] vase1 fill+ up ! int]/ices ) pigm5t1 coat ^u coat1 & fir+ & fil+ & poli%+ x40 ,! f9i%$ "w 0 true & beautiful & x 0 difficult to believe t ^! m5 knew no?+ at all ab\t x be=e !y 7 s5t5c$4 ,x w\ld be h>d to imag9e tea*+ su* a ?+ to ! convicts at ,d>tmoor or at ,s+ ,s+4 ,9 ! prison at ,tokio ! convict is taught to d :atev] is ! limit ( 8 natural ability4 ,if he _c make cloisonn1 he is assign$ to ! wood-c>v+ dep>tm5t1 or p]haps to make pott]y4 ,if he _c d ^!1 he c possibly make fans or basket-"w1 or set type or ca/ brass4 ,& = ^? :o _c rea* s high a limit z ^! occupations !re is left ! rice mill or /one-break+1 b ( two ?\s& m5 only ?irty 7 unable to d any o!r "w b t ( break+ /ones4 ,prison]s receive "o-t5? ( ! sum _! h&iwork e>ns4 ,a curi\s cu/om is t e adult prison] is kept = an additional six mon?s aft] 8 s5t5ce expires unless he is claim$ by fri5ds 9 ! meantime1 & if he has n rea*$ adult age he is deta9$ until t is atta9$4 ,dur+ ! add$ six mon?s ^! prison]s we> blue in/ead ( ! univ]sal r$di% g>b4 8,! wom5's qu>t] at ,i*igawa10 cont9ues ,norman1 8is sep>at$ f ! m5's by a high wood5 f5ce & gateway gu>d$ by a s5t9el1 & consi/s ( two or ?ree dormitories & "o l>ge com=table work%op1 :]e all are employ$ toge!r at lab\r let out by contract4 ,:5 ,i 0 !re !y 7 all hemm+ silk h&k]*iefs1 ea* seat$ ^u ! matt$ floor be=e a little table1 & v neat !y all look$1 & v pretty "s ( !m1 ) _! loose r$ g[ns & simply twi/$ hair4 #8,^? are =g]s1' said ! (fic]1 po9t+ to ?ree ( !m2 #8,i d n l !m to be s pretty4' ,"o ( ! wom5 _h a "y baby play+ beside h]1 & ano!r ( !m z %e glanc$ up at u %[$ a face entirely diff]5t f ! re/1 pale1 sad & ref9$1 & ,i saw t h] h&s 7 small & v :ite4 ,x 0 ,hanai ,ume1 ! once fam\s gei%a ( ,tokio1 fam\s = h] beauty1 h] samis5-play+1 h] danc+1 h] pride1 & mo/ fam\s ( all = h] affaire d'am\r4 ,two ye>s ago a man-s]vant manag$ to make tr\ble betwe5 h]self & h] lov]1 :om %e expect$ to buy h] out ( ! life ( a pr(essional musician at anybody's call1 & !n (f]$ to make peace aga9 betwe5 !m on 8 own t]ms4 ,s "o night %e call$ him out ( ! h\se & /abb$ him to dea? ) a kit*5 knife4 ,n[ music is mute = h] & song is sil5t & love is left beh9d4 8,to ! gall[s is an easy transition1 z x is a natural conclusion4 ,9 a seclud$ "p ( ! gr\nds at ,i*igawa1 !re is a =bidd+ object l a great black box1 rais$ six feet f ! e>? at ! foot ( a long incl9e cut 9 ! grass4 ,a slop+ walk ( black bo>ds leads into ! box on ! left-h& side4 ,! condemn$ crim9al is l$ up ?is & f9ds himself inside ^u ! drop4 ,! rope is adju/$ & ! cap fitt$1 & !n at a signal ! bottom ( ! box falls back4 ,?us ! ,japanese me?od is exactly ! opposite ( our own1 ! (ficial spectators1 includ+ a c\ple ( privileg$ report]s1 be+ sp>$ ! gha/ly details ( ! toilette on ! scaffold1 & see+ no?+ until an unrecognisable corpse is sudd5ly flung out & dangles be=e !m40 ,! /ate ( ,japanese advancem5t 9 matt]s ( p5ology is %[n by ! fact t 9 ,tokio a s*ool is ma9ta9$ = ! tra9+ ( prison (ficials 9 !ory & practice1 ) an annual att5dance ( f eighty to "o hundr$ /ud5ts4 ,!y are in/ruct$ 9 ! laws relat+ to prisons & prison]s1 9 ! g5]al outl9e ( ! p5al code1 ! sanit>y c>e ( prisons1 ! treatm5t ( crim9al pati5ts1 & k9dr$ subjects4 ,! numb] ( felons & misdemeanants is decreas+ annually1 :ile !re has be5 a slight increase1 on ! o!r h&1 9 ! numb] ( contrav5]s4 ,!re are ?ree discipl9>y puni%m5ts 9 ! prisons3 fir/1 solit>y conf9em5t 9 a w9d[$ cell2 second1 r$uction ( food supply2 ?ird1 solit>y conf9em5t 9 a d>k room4 ,m$als are grant$ by ! prison gov]nors z rew>ds to any prison]s :o h work$ dilig5tly & conduct$ !mselves prop]ly 9 prison1 b no m$al c be aw>d$ m ?an ?ree times to any "o individual4 ,m$alli/s enjoy c]ta9 privileges & l5i5cy ( treatm5t1 & p>dons are bas$ on ! m$al sy/em4 ,,prisons ,,( ,,egypt ,,*apt] ,x ,,! ,,law ,,9 ,,egypt ,p5al code 9 ,egypt ( ,mohamm$an orig9 & d]iv$ f ! ,koran--,! law ( talion--,price ( blood--,blood feuds & blood rev5ge--,! c\rba% freely us$ to raise taxes--,old police 9 ,cairo--,ext5sive re=ms--,oppressive gov]nors--,tyrannical rule ( ,ismail ,pa%a--,protection & security gu>ante$ to ! fellahe5 by ,briti% occupation--,prison re=m--,t\rah ne> ,cairo--,lab\r at ! qu>ries--,pr(itable work%ops--,assiut prison--,life at ,t\rah--,attempts to escape--,convicts employ$ on ! communication l9e 9 ! ,sudan campaign--,excell5t sanitation & good hospital arrangem5ts4 ,! l& ( ! ,ph>aohs has ev] be5 gov]n$ by ! practices & influ5c$ by ! traditions ( ! ,ea/4 ,f ! "t ( ! ,arab conque/1 ,mohamm$an law has g5]ally prevail$1 & ! old p5al code 0 d]iv$ directly f ! ,koran4 ,its provisions 7 mo/ sev]e1 b foll[$ ! dictates ( common s5se & 7 nev] outrage\sly cruel4 ,! law ( talion 0 g5]ally en=c$1 a life = a life1 an eye = an eye1 a too? = a too?4 ,murd] entail$ ! puni%m5t ( dea?1 b a f9e might be paid to ! family ( ! deceas$ if !y w\ld accept x2 ?is 0 only p]mitt$ :5 ! homicide 0 att5d$ by palliat+ circum/ances4 ,! price ( blood v>i$4 ,x might be ! value ( a hundr$ camels2 or if ! culprit 0 ! possessor ( gold1 a sum equal to #ejj 0 dem&$1 b if he possess$ silv] only1 ! price ask$ 0 a sum equal to #cjj4 ,! accomplices & accessories 7 also liable to dea?4 ,comp5sation 9 ! =m ( a f9e is n n[ p]mitt$4 ,a man :o kill$ ano!r 9 self-def5ce or to def5d 8 prop]ty f a depr$ator 0 exempt f puni%m5t4 ,un9t5tional homicide might be expiat$ by a f9e4 ,! price ( blood 0 incumb5t ^u ! :ole tribe or family to :i* ! murd]] belong$4 ,a woman convict$ ( a capital crime 0 g5]ally dr[n$ 9 ! ,nile4 ,blood-rev5ge 0 a common practice among ! ,egyptian p4 ,! victim's relations claim$ ! "r to kill ! p]petrator1 & relation%ip 0 widely ext5d$1 = ! blood guilt9ess includ$ ! homicide1 8 fa!r1 gr&fa!r1 great-gr&fa!r & great-great-gr&fa!r1 & all ^! 7 liable to retaliation f any ( ! relatives ( ! deceas$1 :o 9 times pa/1 kill$ ) _! own h&s r ?an appeal to ! gov]nm5t1 & (t5 did s ) disgu/+ cruelty1 ev5 mangl+ & insult+ ! corpse4 ,animosity frequ5tly surviv$ ev5 aft] retaliation _h be5 accompli%$1 & blood-rev5ge sometimes subsi/$ betwe5 neighb\r+ villages = sev]al ye>s & ?r\gh _m g5]ations4 ,rev5geful mutilation 0 all[$ by ! law 9 v>y+ degrees4 ,cutt+ (f ! nose 0 equival5t to ! :ole price ( blood1 or ( any two memb]s1--two arms1 two h&s1 or two legs2 ! removal ( "o 0 valu$ at half ! price ( blood4 ,! f9e ( a man = maim+ or w\nd+ a woman 0 j half ( t inflict$ = injur+ a man1 if free2 if a slave ! f9e 0 fix$ accord+ to ! comm]cial value ( ! slave4 ,! :ole price ( blood 0 dem&$ if ! victim _h be5 depriv$ ( any ( 8 five s5ses or :5 he _h be5 griev\sly w\nd$ or disfigur$ = life4 ,! ,koran prescrib$ t = a fir/ (f5ce ( !ft ! ?ief's "r h& %\ld be cut (f1 & = a second1 8 left foot2 = a ?ird1 ! left h&2 & = a f\r?1 ! "r foot4 ,fur!r (f5ces ( ?is k9d 7 puni%$ by flogg+1 or beat+ ) ! c\rba%--a :ip ( hippopotamus hide hamm]$ into a cyl9drical =m--or a /ick ^u ! soles ( ! feet4 ,! ba/9ado1 9 fact1 0 ! famili> puni%m5t ( ! ,ea/4 ,religi\s (f5ces1 su* z apo/acy & blasphemy1 7 v rigor\sly puni%$4 ,9 ,cairo a p]son accus$ ( !fts1 assaults & s =? us$ to be c>ri$ by a soldi] be=e ! kadi1 or *ief magi/rate ( ! metropolitan police1 & s5t on trial be=e a c\rt ( judicature1 or if he d5i$ 8 (f5ce1 or ! evid5ce seem$ insuffici5t = conviction1 al?\gh good gr\nds = suspicion exi/$1 he 0 ba/9ado$ to extort confession4 ,he g5]ally admitt$ 8 guilt ) ! common =mula 9 ! case ( !ft1 8! devil s$uc$ me & ,i took x40 ,! p5alties inflict$ less ?an dea? includ$ h>d lab\r on ! public works1 digg+ canals & ! removal ( rubbi% or compulsory milit>y s]vice4 ,! mod]n travell] 9 ,egypt w be> witness to ! admirable police sy/em introduc$ "u ,briti% rule1 & to ! security af=d$ to life & prop]ty 9 t[n & c\ntry by a well organis$1 well conduct$ =ce4 ,9 =m] days1 "u ! ,pa%as1 ! :ole adm9i/ration ( ju/ice 0 corrupt f ! judge 9 8 c\rt to ! police arm$ ) arbitr>y p[]s ( oppression4 ,! *ief ( police 9 ,cairo 0 *>g$ ) ! appreh5sion ( ?ieves & crim9als & ) 8 myrmidons made con/ant r\nds nightly ?r\gh ! city4 ,he 0 accompani$ by ! public execution] & a tor*-be>] :o c>ri$ a curi\s light t burn$ )\t flame unless wav$ ?r\gh ! air1 :5 x bur/ sudd5ly =?2 ! burn+ end 0 sometimes hidd5 9 a small pot or j> & :5 expos$ s]v$ ! purpose ( a d>k lant]n4 ,! smell ( ! burn+ tor* (t5 gave timely w>n+ to ?ieves to make (f4 ,! *ief ( ! police arrogat$ to himself arbitr>y p[]s1 & (t5 put a crim9al to dea? :5 caught1 ev5 = (f5ces n des]v+ capital puni%m5t4 ,a curi\s cu/om obta9$ 9 old ,cairo2 x 0 ! rule = ! community ( ?ieves to be controll$ by & to obey "o ( _! numb]1 :o 0 con/itut$ _! %eik & :o 0 requir$ by ! au?orities to hunt up (f5d]s & surr5d] !m to ju/ice4 ,9 old times ! adm9i/ration ( ! c\ntry di/ricts 0 9 ! h&s ( gov]nors appo9t$ by ! ,pa%a & *>g$ by him ) ! collection ( taxes & ! regulation ( ! corvee1 or sy/em ( en=c$ or unremun]at$ lab\r1 at "o "t ! univ]sal rule 9 ,egypt4 ,! prompt & excessive use ( ! /ick or c\rba% 0 ! /imulus by :i* ! contributions dem&$ 7 extort$1 & ! %eik1 or headman ( a village1 might be sev]ely ba/9ado$ :5 ! sum dem&$ ran %ort4 ,ev]y?+ 0 tax$1 p>ticul>ly ! l& & its products1 :olly or 9 "p1 or !y 7 sometimes seiz$ outright & sold at a fix$ price1 b imp\nd$ to make good ! debts ( ! cultivators to ! gov]nm5t4 ,taxes 7 also levi$ 9 k9d1--butt]1 honey1 wax1 wood1 baskets ( palm leaves & gra94 ,! gov]nm5t gran>ies 7 kept full by ! la/ nam$ exaction & 9 ?is reg>d an amaz+ /ory is told4 ,! gov]nor ( ! di/rict & t[n ( ,tanta1 :5 visit+ ! gran>y1 saw two fellahe5 re/+ :o _h j deposit$ _! tale ( corn4 ,"o _h br\ght 9 #acj ardebbs 7equival5t to five ,engli% bu%els7 f a village at a di/ance1 ! o!r only #fj ardebbs f "s l& adjo9+ ! t[n4 ,! gov]nor at once fell f\l ( ! default]1 & utt]ly ignor+ ! t[nsman's prote/ t 8 0 a daily & ! c\ntryman's a weekly contribution1 ord]$ ! man ( ,tanta to be =?) hang$4 ,! next day ! gov]nor paid a second visit to ! gran>y & saw a peasant deliv]+ a l>ge quantity ( corn4 ,be+ mu* pleas$1 he inquir$ :o ! man 0 & he>d t x 0 he :o _h be5 summ>ily execut$ ! day be=e & :o n[ produc$ #afj ardebbs ( gra94 8,:at1 has he ris5 f ! dead80 cri$ ! gov]nor1 a/\nd$4 8,no1 ,sir2 ,i hang$ him s t 8 toes t\*$ ! gr\nd2 & :5 y 7 gone1 ,i unti$ ! rope2 y did n ord] me to kill him10 repli$ 8 subord9ate4 8,aha10 answ]$ ! gov]nor1 8hang+ & kill+ are diff]5t ?+s4 ,next "t ,i w say kill40 8,to relate all ! oppressions :i* ! peasantry ( ,egypt endure10 says ,mr4 ,e4 ,w4 ,lane1 ! au?ority = ! =ego+1 8f ! di%one/y ( ! (ficials w\ld require too mu* space 9 ! pres5t "w4 ,x w\ld be sc>cely possible = !m to suff] m & live40 ,yet a worse "t 0 approa*+1 :5 ! notori\s ,ismail ,pa%a became practically supreme rul] & us$ 8 un*eck$ p[] = ! complete enslavem5t ( ,egypt4 ,8 me?ods ( misgov]nm5t1 8 robb]y1 spoliation & cruel oppression are n[ matt]s ( hi/ory4 ,?is mod]n ,s>danapalus1 z he has be5 aptly /yl$1 lavi%ly wa/$ ! weal? he wrung out ( 8 helpless subjects by ! intol]able rapacity ( 8 f]oci\s tax ga!r]s4 ,! fellahe5 7 /ripp$ to ! sk9 to fill 8 c(f]s & fe$ ! b\ndless extravagance ( a va9 & lic5ti\s pr9ce4 ,8 private prop]ty 0 enorm\s2 8 e/ates & factories 7 valu$ at sixty millions /]l+2 he own$ =ty-?ree palaces & 0 build+ m :51 9 a few %ort ye>s1 he _h br\ght ,egypt to ! br9k ( ru91 & ! p />v$ at 8 door4 ,! p ( ,egypt n only paid taxes1 b _! possessions 7 seiz$ ru?lessly1 _! l&s misappropriat$1 _! cattle & goods confiscat$2 !y 7 m]e slaves ^: "r to "w on _! own acc\nt 0 =feit$2 & ! :ole population 0 driv5 =? f _! villages ) :ips1 hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( m51 wom5 & *ildr51 "u ! iniquit\s sy/em ( en=c$ lab\r1 to make roads ?r\gh ! ,kh$ive's e/ates1 till ! cotton fields & build embankm5ts to control ! di/ribution ( ! life-giv+ ,nile4 ,no escape f ^! h>d%ips 0 possible1 no relief f ?is mo/ griev\s ,egyptian bondage4 ,! arbitr>y despot back$ 8 dem&s by a savage sy/em ( puni%m5ts1 & :5 ! c\rba% 0 ineffectual1 he bani%$ malcont5ts to ! remote prov9ces ( c5tral ,africa1 :]e1 aft] a t]rible j\rney1 !y expiat$ _! (f5ces at ,fazoglo or ,fa%oda4 ,sometimes ! highe/ (ficials 7 arre/$ & despat*$ 9 *a9s1 )\t any =m ( trial1 & 7 deta9$ = ye>s 9 ?is tropical ,sib]ia4 ,to speak ( ! ,nemesis t ev5tually ov]took ,ismail & depriv$ him ) ignom9y ( a p[] he s %amefully misus$ is beyond ! scope ( ?is "w4 ,b ref]5ce mu/ be made 9 "s detail to ! _m m]ciful *anges introduc$ into ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice "u ! ,briti% protectorate t has succe$$ to ,egyptian rule4 ,9 ,egypt1 at ! pres5t "t1 e son ( ! soil is safe f arbitr>y & illegal arre/2 ! imposition ( taxes is regulat$ /rictly accord+ to law2 !re is no en=c$ lab\r1--! corvee has be5 absolutely swept out ( exi/5ce4 ,e peaceably dispos$ citiz5 may live %elt]$ & protect$ f outrage & 9 ! undi/urb$ enjoym5t ( 8 possessions1 wax+ ri* by 8 own ex]tion1 safe f ! attack or int]f]5ce ( evil-do]s4 ,x 0 n always s1 & ! great boons ( p]sonal security & humane1 equitable treatm5t n[ gu>ante$ to e s\l 9 ! l& h be5 only sl[ly acquir$4 ,until #ahdd ! ,egyptian police 0 ineffective1 ! law 0 (t5 a dead lett]1 & ! prisons 7 a disgrace to humanity & civilisation4 ,be=e t date ! c\ntry 0 cov]$ ) zaptiehs1 or small di/rict prisons1 9 :i* illegal puni%m5t & e =m ( cruelty 7 con/antly practis$4 ,x 0 q easy = anyone 9 au?ority to consign a fellah to cu/ody4 ,"o ( ! fir/ ( ! _m salut>y re=ms introduc$ by ! new prison dep>tm5t e/abli%$ "u ,briti% pr$om9ance 0 an exact regi/ration ( e individual receiv$ at ! prison gate1 & ! en=cem5t ( ! /rict rule t no "o %\ld be admitt$ )\t an ord] ( committal duly sign$ by "s recognis$ judicial au?ority4 ,to-day1 ( c\rse1 any su* outrage z illegal imprisonm5t is out ( ! "q4 ,ano!r =m ( oppression 9 ! old days 0 ! unconscionable delay 9 br++ ! accus$ to trial4 ,hundr$s 7 ?us deta9$ await+ gaol deliv]y = six or n9e mon?s1 sometimes = "o or two ye>s4 ,at t "t1 too1 !re 0 no sep>ation ( classes2 ! innoc5t 7 h]d$ ) ! guilty1 *ildr5 ) gr[n m52 only ! females1 z might be expect$ 9 a ,mohamm$an c\ntry1 7 kept ap>t1 b _! numb] !n & s9ce has always be5 exce$+ly few4 ,! fir/ /ep tak5 by ! new rgime 0 to conc5trate prison]s 9 a c]ta9 numb] ( select$ prisons1 su* z !y 71 b ! be/ t c\ld be f\nd4 ,9 ^!1 tw5ty-"o 9 numb]1 /r5u\s ef=ts 7 made to introduce ord]2 cleanl9ess 0 insi/$ ^u & dis9fectants 7 l>gely us$1 :ile m$ical m5 7 appo9t$ at ea* place1 :o att5d$ daily to give m$ic9e & move ! sick into hospital4 ,! heal? ( ! prison]s 0 s mu* improv$ t !y con/itut$ "o p] c5t4 ( ! daily av]age ( prison]s1 & ?is ratio has be5 ma9ta9$1 s t 9 ! *ol]a epidemic 9 #ahif only a few convicts di$4 ,a good prison sy/em c\ld only be introduc$ 9 improv$ prisons1 & ! fir/ creat$ 0 ! great convict e/abli%m5t at ,t\rah1 a village ab\t eight miles above ,cairo on ! banks ( ! ,nile & at ! foot ( ! great lime/one qu>ries t h suppli$ ! city ) its build+ mat]ial f ! e>lie/ days4 ,9 #ahhe ! old milit>y hospital at ,t\rah 0 h&$ ov] to be conv]t$ into a public works prison2 a few ( ! w>ds 7 conv]t$ into cells1 & a draft ( #bej convicts 0 br\ght f ! ars5al at ,alex&ria to occupy !m4 ,^! prov$ skilful workm51 z ! fellahe51 :e!r captive or free1 inv>iably are1 & ) ! help ( a few paid /one-masons !y re/or$ ! half-ru9$ upp] /ory ( ! anci5t build+ & conv]t$ x into a satisfactory prison to hold "o hundr$ & fifty m inmates4 ,! f\r hundr$ /eadfa/ly cont9u$ _! lab\rs & to su* good purpose1 demoli%+1 remov+1 clean+1 & con/ruct+ new roads & approa*es1 t 9 ,may1 #ahhf1 an entirely new prison = five hundr$ convicts 0 complet$ & occupi$4 ,_m =ms ( indu/ry 7 c>ri$ on ) excell5t f9ancial results1 z w be se5 f ! foll[+ details4 ,all ! lime = build+s 0 burn$ 9 two lime kilns con/ruct$ = ! purpose2 all ! furniture & woodwork1 ! tables1 b$s & doors 7 made by convict c>p5t]s2 all ! ironwork1 ! bolts & b>s = safe cu/ody1 ! v leg-irons1 _! own inali5able liv]y "u ! old ,egyptian prison code1 7 turn$ out by convict blacksmi?s2 & hundr$s ( baskets = c>ry+ e>? & /one h be5 manufactur$4 ,! indu/rial lab\r at ,t\rah is n[ ( _m useful k9ds4 ,new prison clo?+1 new boots 7al?\gh ^! usually indisp5sable articles are only issu$ to a fav\r$ few prison]s 9 ,egypt71 ! bak+ ( bread & biscuit = home consumption1 or to be s5t to out-/ations1 plate lay+ & eng9e fitt+1 /one dress+ = prison build+s1 bo? at ,t\rah & else:]e1--all ^! are con/antly 9 progress at ! ,t\rah prison4 ,! money made 9 ! prison provides funds = _m ?+s necess>y = fur!r developm5t1 su* z tram l9es1 locomotives1 improv$ tools & ma*9]y ( all k9ds4 ,a visit to ,t\rah is bo? int]e/+ & in/ructive4 ,! *ief employm5t ( ! convicts is 9 ! qu>ries1 a c\ple ( miles f ! prison1 to :i* ! gangs proce$ e morn+ at daylight & :]e !y rema9 e day ( ! week b ,friday1 :i* is _! ,sabba?1 until f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon4 ,!re is no "t wa/$ 9 m>*+ to & fro4 ,! d9n]1 or midday meal1 is c>ri$ out to ! qu>ries by ! cooks1 & aft] x is eat5 ! convicts are all[$ an h\r's re/ 9 su* %ade z c be f\nd 9 ! ne>ly bl9d+ heat ( ! dazzl+ :ite qu>ries4 ,z ?is midday sie/a is ! common h\r = tra9s to pass on to ! neighb\r+ heal? resort ( ,hel\an1 casual obs]v]s might ?9k t re/ & refre%m5t =m$ a great "p ( ! ,egyptian convict's daily life4 ,b t w\ld be a griev\s mi/ake4 ,dur+ ! h\rs ( lab\r1 ceaseless activity is ! rule2 all ar\nd ! picks res\nd ^u ! unyield+ /one2 "s are busy ) ! lev]s rais+ huge blocks1 /imulat$ by ! s+-song1 monoton\s *ant1 )\t :i* ,arabs1 l sailors1 _c "w ) any effect4 ,! burd5 ( ! song v>ies1 b x is g5]ally an appeal = div9e or heav5ly assi/ance1 8,allahiteek60 8,may ,god give x10 ! phrase us$ by ! initiat$ to sil5ce ! o!rwise too importunate begg>1 or 8,halim5u10 8,hali ,elisa10 end+ 9 an abrupt 8,hah60 or 8,hop60 at ! mom5t ( supreme ef=t4 ,a visitor ( k9dly disposition is n deb>r$ f enc\rag+ ef=t by ! gift ( a few cig>ettes to ! convicts4 ,tobacco is n =bidd5 9 ! prisons ( ,egypt4 ,x is issu$ to convicts 9 ! works prisons 9 small rations z a rew>d1 accord+ to ! gov]nor's judgm5t4 ,! unconvict$ & civil prison]s und]go+ m]ely det5tion are at lib]ty to pur*ase x4 ,i 0 ! witness1 ! cause inde$1 ( a curi\s & unwont$ sc5e 9 ! small prison at ,assiut :5 ,i inspect$ x 9 #ahih4 ,! sale ( tobacco 0 9 progress 9 ! prison y>d1 :]e all ( ! prison]s1 a hundr$ & m1 7 at ex]cise4 ,an (ficial /ood beh9d a small table on :i* lay ! little screws ( tobacco = disposal1 ea* = a few milliems1 ! smalle/ ( ,egyptian co9s1 ! fractional "p ( a f>?+4 ,! eag]ness ) :i* ! poor prison]s ey$ ! preci\s we$ excit$ my g5]osity1 & ,i b\ght up ! :ole table load1 !n & !re1 = a c\ple ( %ill+s4 ,! prison]s cr[d+ ar\nd saw ! deal & und]/ood x4 ,h>dly _h ,i put d[n ! t5 pia/res :5 ! :ole body 8ru%$0 ! table1 ov]set x1 ?rew ! screws ( tobacco ^u ! gr\nd1 & all h&s p\nc$ d[n on ! scatt]$ we$ 9 "o great /ruggl+1 scrambl+1 combatant m$ley4 ,! tobacco 0 q wa/$1 ( c\rse1 & ,i h no idea :o got ! money4 ,! mle 0 s unmanageable t x 0 necess>y to call out ! gu>d to drive ! prison]s back to _! w>ds4 ,i 0 agha/ at my indiscretion & ready to admit t ,i %\ld h kn[n bett]4 ,! daily unremitt+ toil ( ,t\rah mu/ be pref]able to all b ! incurably idle4 ,yet ! t]ror ( 8,t\rah0 is n[ univ]sal up & d[n ,egypt4 ,x is ! great 8bogey0 ( ! daily life among ! l[] classes1 ! ?reat held ov] ! fracti\s *ild or ! misconduct$ donkey boy :o claims an exorbitant 8bak%i%40 ,to accuse any dec5t fellah ( hav+ be5 9 ,t\rah is ! wor/ sort ( insult & at once indignantly d5i$4 ,:5 my own connection ) ! ,engli% prisons became kn[n1 ,i 0 g5]ally call$ ! pa%a ( ! ,engli% ,t\rah1 & my (ficial position ga9$ me v m>k$ respect among classes spoil$ by _m ?\s&s ( annual t\ri/s1--! gre$y guides & donkey boys1 ! %ameless v5dors ( %am curiosities1 ! importunate begg>s t infe/ hotel entrances1 sw>m 9 ! villages & make hide\s ! l&+ /ages up ! ,nile4 ,an old h& w be/ sil5ce a p]si/5t cry = alms or ! wail ( miski 7pov]ty /rick571 ( 8,halas6 f9i% fa!r1 f9i% "m0 7! ornate expression = an orphan71 by talk+ ( ! c>acol1 8police /ation10 & a promise ( 8,t\rah0 to foll[4 ,life 9 ,t\rah mu/ be h>d4 ,! monoton\s r\t9e f daylight to sund[n1 ! long nights ( ?irte5 or f\rte5 h\rs1 f e>ly ev5+ to morn+1 cag$ up ) =ty or fifty o!rs ta9t$ ) e vice & crime1 mu/ be a heavy burd5 ^u all b ! absolutely debas$4 ,! evils ( association1 ( h]d+ crim9als toge!r1 left to _! own wick$ devices1 )\t sup]vision1 7 pres5t 9 ! highe/ degree 9 ,egyptian prisons4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 a move 0 made to provide sep>ate cells = a c]ta9 numb]1 & a new prison ( #a1bjj cells 0 built by convict lab\r at ,t\rah imm$iately opposite ! new hospitals & at "s di/ance f ! old prison4 ,mu* mis*iev\s conspiracy ( ! wor/ k9d is prev5t$ by keep+ individuals ap>t dur+ ! idle h\rs ( ! night1 = x 0 !n t ^? conc]t$ escapes ( l>ge numb]s 7 plann$1 :i* h occurr$ m ?an once at ,t\rah1 b h be5 g5]ally abortive1 end+ only 9 blood%$2 = ! black ,sudanese1 :o =m ! convict gu>ds1 are exp]t m>ksm5 & surely acc\nt = a l>ge "p ( ! fugitives4 ,!re mu/ be some?+ v tempt+ to ! untutor$ m9d--& _m ( ^! ,t\rah convicts are half-wild creatures1 ,b$\9s ( ! des]t or ! l[e/ scum ( ! cities--9 ! seem+ fre$om ( _! condition dur+ s _m h\rs ( ! day4 ,lib]ty seems )9 easy rea*4 ,n a mile f ! qu>ries are great ov]hang+ cliffs1 honey-comb$ ) caves1 deep1 cav]n\s recesses af=d+ secure hid+ places1 & x is = ^! t ! ru% is made4 ,9 ,augu/ ( #ahif !re 0 a s]i\s attempt ( ?is k9d1 & success 0 a*iev$ by "s ( ! runaways4 ,! h\r *os5 0 t ( ! break-(f f lab\r1 :5 ! gangs1 surr\nd$ by _! gu>ds1 conv]ge on a c5tral po9t1 v mu* z may be se5 on any work+-day at ,portl& or ,d>tmoor1 & !nce m>* home 9 "o compact body to ! di/ant prison4 ,x is a curi\sly picturesque sc5e4 ,! convicts1 mo/ly f9e1 /alw>t m51 _! ragg$1 dirty :ite robes fly+ 9 ! w9d & _! *a9s rattl+1 sw+ pa/1 two by two1 9 an almo/ endless procession4 ,bel[1 ! mighty riv]1 fl[+ betwe5 its belt ( palm & n>r[ fr+e ( gre51 %9es l burni%$ silv] "u ! decl9+ sun2 beyond /ret*es ! wide des]t to ! foot ( ! ,pyramids1 ^? ( ,sakh>a at "o end ( ! l&scape1 ^? ( ,*eops at ! o!r1--colossal monum5ts ( en=c$ lab\r v simil> to t n[ surviv+ at ,t\rah4 ,su* 0 ! mom5t *os5 = a g5]al /amp$e4 ,ab\t sixty or sev5ty convicts agre$ to cut & run simultane\sly1 all t[>d ! %elt] ( ! hills4 ,a few 7 told (f to try conclusions ) ! arm$ gu>ds1 to wre/ away ! rifles & ?us secure bo? immunity f fire & ! p[] to use ! weapon 9 self-def5ce4 ,! attempt appe>s to h be5 fairly successful at fir/4 ,a few rifles 7 seiz$1 & ! fugitives1 turn+ on _! pursu]s1 made "s pretty practice1 dur+ :i* a few ( ! m =tunate got away4 ,b au?ority f9ally ass]t$ itself4 ,_m 7 %ot d[n2 ! re/ 7 ov]tak5 & imm$iately surr5d]$4 ,! abs5ce ( 8grit10 s *>act]i/ic ( ! race1 %[$ itself at once1 & ^! poor wret*es1 :o _h be5 bold en\gh to make ! fir/ ru% "u a hail ( bullets1 n[ squatt$ d[n & ) uplift$ h&s implor$ = m]cy or decl>$ x 0 all a mi/ake4 8,male%1 x does n matt]10 0 _! cry !n4 ,b !y no d\bt f\nd t x matt]$ a great deal :5 a few days lat] ,nemesis ov]took !m 9 ! %ape ( corporal puni%m5t2 = ! la%1 a cat ( six tails1 is us$ 9 ! ,egyptian prisons z a la/ resort 9 ! ma9t5ance ( discipl9e & good ord]4 ,x is only inflict$1 h[ev]1 "u prop] safegu>ds & by direct s5t5ce ( a high (ficial4 ,!re is no c\rba% n[ 9 ! prisons1 & no w>d] or gu>d is p]mitt$ to raise 8 h& aga9/ a prison]4 ,tyranny & ill-usage are /rictly =bidd54 ,escapes h happ5$ at o!r places4 ,:5 milit>y op]ations 7 9 progress on ! fronti] lead+ to ! rev9dication ( ! ,sudan1 an imm5se am\nt ( good "w 0 done by l>ge deta*m5ts ( convicts at /ations high up ! riv]4 ,!re 7 r\gh & ready 8,t\rahs0 at ,assuan1 ,wady ,halfa1 ,korosko1 ,suak91 ,el ,teb1 po9ts ( consid]able importance 9 ! s]vice ( ! campaign1 :]e supplies 7 con/antly be+ l&$1 /or$ or s5t =w>d to ! front4 ,! ,egyptian prison au?orities v wisely & intellig5tly utilis$ ! lab\r at _! disposal to assi/ 9 unload+ boats & 9 re%ipp+ /ores & railway plant4 ,numb]s ( convicts 7 employ$ to con/ruct ! railway ahead 9 ! direction ( ,abu ,ham$ by :i* ! advance 0 pres5tly made4 ,! ,nile above ,m]awi fl[s ?r\gh ! mo/ difficult c\ntry 9 its :ole c\rse1 ! v 8wor/ wat]10 & no navigation 9 t l5g? 0 possible by /eam]s1 little or none by small boats except at high ,nile & !n only by haulage4 ,x 0 necess>y1 !re=e1 to complete ! railway to ,abu ,ham$1 s t gunboats might be s5t up 9 sections ov] ! l9e1 to be put toge!r above ! cat>acts & !n utilis$ 9 ! f9al advance1 = ! riv] is m or less op5 to ,b]b] & on to ,kh>tum1 & ! success ( ! campaign 0 greatly facilitat$ !reby4 ,egyptian convicts did mu* good "w ( a sup]ior k9d4 ,n[ & aga9 a tra9$ h&icraftsman 0 f\nd :o 0 will+ to put =w>d 8 be/ skill & !re 0 always a sm>t man ready to act z lead] & =eman ( ! re/1 z is v mu* ! case1 inde$1 ) convicts all ov] ! _w4 ,"o man 9 p>ticul> at ,wady ,halfa 0 well kn[n z a mo/ indu/ri\s & intellig5t work]4 ,he s ga9$ ! good-w ( ! ,briti% (fic]s t1 n kn[+ 8 antec$5ts1 _m ( !m /rongly recomm5d$ him = release z a rew>d = 8 usefulness4 ,b ! prison au?orities 7 unable to acc$e to ?is seem+ly v ju/ifiable reque/4 ,?is be/ ( prison]s 7aga9 foll[+ exp]i5ce else:]e7 0 ! wor/ ( crim9als4 ,he _h committ$ no few] ?an eight murd]s1 possibly n ) malici\s motives1 or he w\ld h>dly h escap$ ! gall[s4 ,! dea? p5alty is n1 h[ev]1 inflict$ v frequ5tly 9 ,egypt4 ,9 "o case wor? m5tion+ z illu/rat+ ! almo/ comical side ( ,egyptian ju/ice1 a man s5t5c$ to dea? 0 held to s]ve a %ort t]m ( imprisonm5t = "s m9or (f5ce be=e he 0 consid]$ ripe = execution4 ,:5 ! %ort s5t5ce 0 complet$1 he 0 incont95tly hang$4 ,at ,assuan dur+ w> "t hundr$s ( convicts 7 engag$ all day long "u ! w9d[s ( ! hotel4 ,_! rattl+ *a9s 7 he>d soon aft] dawn mix$ ) _! unmelodi\s s+-song z describ$ above4 ,!y c\ld be se5 con/antly & freely approa*$1 z !y clu/]$ ar\nd ! great crane t rais$ ! heavie/ weights1 locomotives1 t5d]1 & boil]s1 f ! boats moor$ bel[1 or z !y pass$ along 9 s+le file backw>d & =w>d betwe5 ! bea* & ! railway /ation or /oreh\ses ne>-by4 ,all 7 9 picturesque rags1 except ! milit>y prison]s1 dress$ 9 a />tl+ uni=m ( bright orange2 all wore ! inevitable leg-irons rivet$ on _! sp>e1 %runk5 br[n ankles4 ,x 0 ! cu/om once1 z 9 ! old ,fr5* bagnes1 to *a9 ! ,egyptian convicts 9 c\ples1 a long-t]m man newly arriv$ be+ *a9$ ) "o ^: s5t5ce _h ne>ly expir$4 ,?is practice has n[ be5 discont9u$1 & ea* un=tunate be>s 8 burd5 alone4 ,mu* +5uity is ex]cis$ to prev5t ! basils or anklets f *af+ ! sk94 ,! mo/ effective me?od1 employ$ no d\bt by ! mo/ afflu5t1 0 a lea!r pad ins]t$ )9 ! iron r+2 o!rs )\t res\rces1 own+ n a s+le milliem 9 ! _w1 us$ any fil?y rags or scraps ( sack+ !y c\ld beg or /eal4 ,pads ( ?is k9d h be5 worn f "t immemorial by all prison]s & captives2 no d\bt ! galley slaves *a9$ to ! o> 9 classical days inv5t$ !m1 & !y 7 kn[n until q lately 9 ! ,fr5* bagnes ( ,ro*e=t & ,t\lon by ! "n ( pat>asses1 :i* ! old h&s manufactur$ & sold to ! newcom]s4 ,ano!r old-fa%ion$ device among ! ,egyptian convicts is ! %ort hook hang+ f a wai/b&1 :i* cat*es up "o l9k ( ! irons1 a simple necessity :]e ! *a9 is ( su* l5g? t x drags inconv5i5tly along ! gr\nd4 ,! g5]al use ( fett]s is n n[ approv$ by civilis$ nations4 ,b 9 ,egypt !y appe> to be ne>ly indisp5sable = safe cu/ody4 ,! removal ( ! leg-irons f convicts has (t5 enc\rag$ !m to effect escape4 ,once sixte5 ( !m at ,assuan 7 a/ute en\gh to %am illness4 ,x 0 dur+ ! *ol]a epidemic1 & !y knew en\gh ( ! symptoms to c\nt]feit "s ( !m clev]ly4 ,! m$ical (fic] 9 *>ge 0 compassionate & ?\ght x cruel t 8 pati5ts %\ld die 9 _! *a9s1 s he _h !m /ruck (f4 ,)9 a few h\rs ! un%ackl$ convicts gave _! gu>dians leg-bail1 & escap$ f ! hospital into ! des]t1 & s d[n ! riv]4 ,^! v m5 aft]w>d =m$ ! nucleus ( ! b& ( h>ami1 ! robb]s & brig&s :o t]roris$ ! l[] prov9ce = "s mon?s & 7 only dispos$ ( at la/ by summ>y action4 ,! /ory ( ! subsequ5t burn+ ( ! brig&s at ,belianah became public prop]ty & 0 made ! occasion ( "o ( ^? virul5t attacks ^u ,briti% rule t (t5 f\nd voice "u ! unre/ra9$ lic5se ( ! ,egyptian press4 ,^! out-laws 7 pursu$ & ov]tak5 at la/ by ! police 9 a h\se :]e !y _h b>ricad$ !mselves4 ,x 0 impossible to break 91 & ! assailants !re=e set fire to ! ?at*$ ro(4 ,! robb]s us$ ?is z _! private ars5al1 & ! fire soon ignit$ _! c>tridges ) a t]rific explosion 9 :i* mo/ ( ! def5d]s lo/ _! lives4 ,?is practice ( conceal+ explosives 9 ! ro( 0 n uncommon dur+ ! days ( conflict ) ! ,mahdi4 ,:5 ! %eik ( ,d][i 0 arre/$ on a *>ge ( convey+ contrab& ammunition into ! ,sudan1 he contriv$ to s5d back a message to 8 wife to make away ) all damag+ evid5ce4 ,%e ?\ght ! safe/ way to dispose ( ! gunp[d] /or$ 9 ! h\se 0 by fire & at ! same "t %e also dispos$1 v effectually1 ( h]self4 ,a /rik+ feature at ,t\rah 0 ! admirable prison hospital1 :i* w\ld comp>e fav\rably ) ! be/ 9 ! _w4 ,x is a two-/ori$ build+ ) l(ty1 well-v5tilat$ w>ds1 b$s & b$d+1 all 9 ! mo/ approv$ /yle2 a well-/ock$ disp5s>y & a fully qualifi$ m$ical man 9 daily att5dance4 ,! pati5ts1 unless too ill to rise1 sit up on _! b$s r l p\ltry roo/+1 & suff] f mo/ ( ! ills to :i* humanity is heir4 ,! compla9ts mo/ preval5t are eczema1 tub]culosis 7! great sc\rge ( ! black prison]s f ! s\?71 oph?almia1 & dys5t]y4 8,/one0 is a malady v preval5t & %[+ itself 9 ! mo/ aggravat$ =m1 due no d\bt to ! con/ant dr9k+ ( lime-affect$ wat]4 ,i saw calculi ( almo/ colossal size1 ! result ( "s rec5t op]ations1 extract$ by ! prison surgeons1 ^: skill is evid5tly rem>kable4 ,too mu* praise c h>dly be accord$ ! ,egyptian prison adm9i/ration = its prompt & effective treatm5t ( ! *ol]a epidemic :5 x appe>$ 9 ,egypt 9 #ahif4 ,al?\gh ! mortality 0 s]i\s 9 ! g5]al population1 ! p]c5tage ( dea?s 0 relatively small 9 ! prisons4 ,out ( a total ( #g1ied prison inmates 7?is numb] did n include ! convicts at ! seat ( w> or on ! ,r$ ,sea7 !re 7 only "o hundr$ & sixte5 cases & sev5ty dea?s4 ,9 six ( ! prisons ! disease did n appe>2 9 o!rs1 al?\gh situat$ 9 ! he>t ( infect$ t[ns1 & prison]s 7 be+ con/antly receiv$ f infect$ di/ricts1 ! cases 7 few4 ,9 ,t\rah1 ) a total population ( ?irte5 hundr$ & fifty1 !re 7 b tw5ty-two2 at ,assiut1 a new build+ ) good sanitation1 only two2 ! av]age 0 l>ge/ at ,k5eh1 ,mans\rah & ,assuan4 ,n a s+le female prison] 0 attack$2 an immunity attribut$ to ! fact t ! females 9 cu/ody receive regul> prison diet1 :ile ! males1 except at ,t\rah & ,ghizeh1 are f$1 (t5 indiff]5tly1 by _! fri5ds outside4 ,^! excell5t results 7 und\bt$ly due to ! /rict isolation ( ! inmates ( any prison 9 :i* ! *ol]a _h appe>$4 ,:5ev] a case %[$1 ! introduction ( food or clo?+ f outside 0 /rictly =bidd51 & fri5ds 7 n admitt$ :5 *ol]a exi/$ 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,mu* cr$it 0 due also to ! unselfi% devotion ( ! ,egyptian m$ical /aff1 :o 7 unremitt+ 9 _! c>e & ( :om two di$ ( ! disease at _! po/s4 ,x 0 (ficially /at$ 9 #aijc t su* crimes z robb]y ) viol5ce1 petty !fts & brig&age _h increas$ mat]ially s9ce #ahii4 ,! reason giv5 = ?is 0 ! failure ( ! police ma*9]y to br+ out ! tru? & ! practice ( bribes :i* 0 ev]y:]e preval5t4 ,! corruption ( magi/rates & ! t]rorism held ov] witnesses make x exce$+ly difficult to br+ a man to ju/ice or obta9 satisfactory convictions4 ,b we may well conclude t ! prison sy/em z e/abli%$ 9 ,egypt to-day is ( ! mo/ mod]n & satisfactory "*4 ,,prisons ,,( ,,turkey ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,turki% ,,prisons ,old ca/les us$ z prisons--,! ,ca/le ( ,europe--,! ,sev5 ,t[]s & ! 8,well ( ,blood0--,! ,s]aglio & ! ,bagnio--,! ,zaptie--,lack ( prison discipl9e--,midhat ,pa%a & ! ,con/itution--,8 disgrace & dea?--,! ,"y ,turk movem5t--,horrible massacres at ,adana--,! prov9cial prisons all bad--,fett]s & o!r modes ( torture--,little improvem5t "u new sultan4 ,!re are few notable build+s 9 ,turkey con/ruct$ prim>ily z prisons4 ,9 fact !re are few build+s ( any sort con/ruct$ = t purpose4 ,b e palace _h1 & "o may almo/ say1 /ill has its prison *amb]s2 & e =tress has its dungeons1 ! trag$ies ( :i* are *iefly a matt] ( conjecture4 ,few 7 pres5t at ! tortures1 & 9 a c\ntry :]e babbl+ is n always safe1 witnesses 7 likely to be discreet4 ,9 & ar\nd ,con/ant9ople1 if walls _h only tongues1 /range & gruesome /ories might be told4 ,on ! ,asiatic side ( ! ,bosporus /ill /& ! ru9s ( a ca/le built by ,bayezid ,i1 kn[n z 8! ,?und]bolt0 :5 ! ,ottoman pr9ces 7 ! dread ( ,europe4 ,sigismund1 ,k+ ( ,hung>y1 _h be5 defeat$1 & ,con/ant9ople 0 ! next object ( attack1 ?\gh n to fall = a half c5tury4 ,?is ca/le 0 nam$ 8! ,beautiful10 b s _m prison]s di$ !re ( torture & ill-treatm5t t ! "n 8,black ,t[]0 took its place 9 common spee*4 ,directly opposite1 on ! ,european side ( ! ,bosporus1 is ,rumili ,hiss>1 or ! ,ca/le ( ,europe1 :i* ,muhammad ,,ii1 8! ,conqu]or10 built 9 #adeb :5 he f9ally rea*$ out to trans=m ! headqu>t]s ( ,ea/]n ,*ri/5dom into ! c5tre ( ,islam4 ,! ca/le 0 built ^u ! site ( ! /ate prison ( ! ,byzant9e emp]ors1 :i* 0 de/roy$ to make room = x4 ,! ?ree t[]s ( ! ca/le1 & ! walls ?irty feet ?ick1 /ill /&4 ,9 ! ,t[] ( ,oblivion :i* n[ has z an incongru\s neighb\r1 ! ,prote/ant in/itution1 ,rob]t ,college1 is a fi5di% rem9d] ( days h>dly yet gone4 ,a smoo? wall$ /one *ute rea*es f ! int]ior ( ! t[] d[n into ! ,bosporus4 ,into ! m\? ( ?is ! hapless victim1 b\nd & gagg$ p]haps1 ) weights atta*$ to 8 feet1 0 plac$4 ,d[n he %ot & bubbles m>k$ = a few seconds ! grave b5ea? ! wat]s4 ,! ,conqu]or built also ! ,y$i ,kuleh1 or ! 8,sev5 ,t[]s10 at ! edge ( ! old city4 ,?is imp]ial ca/le1 l ! ,ba/ile or ! ,t[] ( ,london1 0 also a /ate prison1 ?\gh its glory & its %ame h bo? dep>t$4 ,! ,janiss>ies :o gu>d$ ?is ca/le us$ to br+ ?i!r ! sultans :om !y _h de?ron$ ei!r to all[ !m to l+] impot5tly or to cause !m to lose _! heads4 ,a cav]n :]e torture 0 inflict$ & ! ru/y ma*9es :i* tore muscles & crack$ jo9ts1 may /ill be se54 ,! dungeons 9 :i* ! prison]s lay are also %[n4 ,a small op5 c\rt 0 ! place ( execution & to ?is day x is call$ ! 8place ( heads0 :ile a deep *asm into :i* ! heads 7 ?r[n is ! 8well ( blood40 ,sev]al sultans1 7! exact numb] is unc]ta97 & innum]able (fic]s ( high degree h suff]$ ! extreme p5alty "h4 ,x 0 "h too t =eign ambassadors 7 always imprison$ 9 =m] days1 :5 ,turkey decl>$ w> aga9/ ! /ates !y repres5t$4 ,! la/ conf9$ "h 0 ! ,fr5* repres5tative 9 #agih4 ,ano!r int]e/+ survival ( e>ly days is ! ,s]aglio1 ! old palace ( ! sultans1 & its subsidi>y build+s1 scatt]$ ov] a consid]able area4 ,9 ! c\rt ( ! treasury is ! ,kafess1 or cage1 9 :i* ! imp]ial *ildr5 7 conf9$ f ! "t ( ,muhammad ,,iii1 le/ !y %\ld aspire to ! ?rone4 ,sometimes h[ev] ! bro!rs & sons ( ! reign+ sultan 7 conf9$1 ea* 9 a sep>ate pavilion on ! gr\nds4 ,a ret9ue ( wom51 pages & eunu*s 0 assign$ to ea* b ! soldi]s :o gu>d$ !m 7 w>n$ to be /rict4 ,! pres5t sultan 0 conf9$ by 8 bro!r ,abdul ,hamid )9 ! gr\nds ( ! ,yildiz ,kiosk1 :]e he _h _m lib]ties b 0 a prison] nev]!less4 ,absolutism bre$s di/ru/ ( all1 no matt] h[ closely connect$ by ties ( blood4 ,an int]e/+ prison 0 ! old ,bagnio1 once ! pr9cipal prison ( ,con/ant9ople4 ,! ,engli% economi/1 ,n4 ,w4 ,s5ior1 describes x z x 0 sixty ye>s ago1 9 8 8,j\rnal40 ,x 0 simply an op5 c\rt at "o end ( :i* 0 a two-/ory build+4 ,ea* /ory 0 compos$ ( "o long room divid$ into /alls by wood5 p>titions1 ! :ole1 d>k1 unv5tilat$ & dirty beyond description4 ,"s turbul5t prison]s 7 *a9$ 9 _! /alls :i* !y 7 n p]mitt$ to leave4 ,! *ief int]e/ lay 9 ! c\rt-y>d1 h[ev]1 :i* 0 ! common meet+ place4 ,no rules z to cleanl9ess or regul>ity ( h\rs exi/$4 ,no "o 0 compell$ to "w & ! great majority pref]r$ to l\nge 9 ! sun4 ,9 ! c\rt 7 c(fee & tobacco %ops1 :ile sell]s ( sweetmeats made _! way ?r\gh ! cr[ds4 ,?\gh capital puni%m5t 0 nom9ally inflict$1 x 0 nev] impos$ unless !re 7 eye witnesses ( ! crime1 & seldom !n4 ,s ( ! eight hundr$ inmates ( ! ,bagnio1 six hundr$ 7 murd]]s1 "s ( !m pr(essionals4 ,ne>ly all wore *a9s1 "s ( :i* 7 heavy1 & z sev]al prison]s 7 atta*$ to "o *a9 occasionally conflicts arose z diff]5t memb]s ( ! gr\p exhibit$ div]g5t desires4 ,ano!r visitor ab\t ! same "t saw ! picturesque side4 ,he m5tions ! robb]s1 *iefs f ,smyrna1 /alk+ ab\t ! enclosure1 ! voluble ,greeks & ,arm5ians1 ! secretive ,jews1 & an ,iri%man or two1 m+l+ ) ! /olid ,turks4 ,inmates 7 sipp+ c(fee1 smok+1 play+ c>ds1 disput+1 fight+1 :ile a furtive pickpocket made 8 r\nds4 ,9 a corn] a fev] pati5t 0 /ret*$ out oblivi\s to 8 surr\nd+s1 ?\gh ! clam\r sometimes 0 deaf5+4 ,he goes on to say3 8,yet physically ! wret*es 7 n ill-treat$2 !y ne$ n ev] "w unless !y l4 ,! c\rt is small & s is ! two-/ori$ /able :]e !y sleep ^u ! e>?2 b !n ^! are m5 :o p]haps nev] got betwe5 %eets nor lay on a b$ 9 _! lives4 ,!y may talk :at !y l1 & :5 !y l4 ,!y h a ,mosque1 a ,greek *apel & a ,roman ,ca?olic *apel4 ,!y c h c(fee & tobacco1 & if !y "w !y are suppos$ to be paid = x4 ,!re is no treadmill1 no crank1 !re are no solit>y cells40 ,! same obs]v] describes ! ,zaptie or ,h\se ( ,det5tion z x !n exi/$1 & ?\gh ! build+ z x exi/s to-day is improv$1 conditions are n ess5tially diff]5t4 ,!n !re 7 two communicat+ c\rts1 :]e pickpockets1 ord9>y ?ieves1 p>ticipants 9 affrays1 & ev5 murd]]s 7 conf9$4 ,at night !y 7 lock$ 9 rooms4 ,"o ( ^! sleep+ rooms1 elev5 by sev5te5 feet1 0 occupi$ at night by twelve m54 ,9 su* places prison]s 7 kept an indef9ite "t await+ trial1 & p]haps !n dis*>g$ )\t trial & )\t explanation4 ,a l>ge numb] ( ,turki% prison]s h be5 conf9$ ei!r = conspiracy aga9/ ! gov]nm5t1 or = d>+ to exhibit a c]ta9 am\nt ( indep5d5ce4 ,an (fic] app>5tly high 9 fav\r to-day might be degrad$ on ! next )\t w>n+4 ,an int]e/+ case ( ?is k9d is ! case ( ,midhat ,pa%a1 "o ( ! be/ kn[n m5 9 ,turkey ?irty or =ty ye>s ago4 ,he 0 "o ( ! little gr\p ( ,turks :o adopt$ ,european ideas aft] ! ,crimean w>4 ,he 0 a fri5d ( ,engl& z oppos$ to ,russia & ! influ5ce ( ! latt] /ate 0 ?r[n aga9/ him4 ,he 0 "o ( ! m9i/]s by :om ! sultan1 ,abdul ,aziz1 0 de?ron$4 ,?is pr9ce soon aft]w>d di$1 possibly by suicide1 ?\gh ugly rum\rs 7 he>d4 ,:5 ,murad1 ! incompet5t1 0 also depos$ ,midhat _h a h& 9 ! affair4 ,on ! accession ( ,abdul ,hamid he 0 aga9 made ,gr& ,vizi]1 & secur$ ! promulgation ( ! fam\s ,turki% con/itution ( #ahgf1 aga9/ ! w ( ! sultan4 ,:5 ,abdul ,hamid felt himself firm 9 8 seat 9 #ahgg1 he bani%$ ,midhat1 b recall$ him ! next ye>1 & made him gov]nor-g5]al1 fir/ ( ,syria & !n ( ,smyrna4 ,! con/itution 0 practically abrogat$ by ?is "t4 ,!n )\t w>n+ he 0 arre/$ 9 ,may1 #ahha1 *>g$ ) be+ conc]n$ 9 ! murd] ( ,abdul ,aziz4 ,he ) o!rs 0 quickly tri$ by a special c\rt1 0 f\nd guilty & condemn$ to dea?4 ,! s5t5ce 0 *ang$ to imprisonm5t = life1 & ! place ( conf9em5t 0 fix$ at ,taf1 9 ,arabia1 a small place s\? ( ,mecca4 ,!re he & 8 companions :o _h receiv$ simil> s5t5ce1 includ+ a =m] ,%eikh-ul-,islam1 ,hassan ,har\llah1 7 at fir/ all[$ ! fre$om ( ! ca/le4 ,_! s]vants b\ght & cook$ _! food1 & ?\gh ! rude accommodations 7 some:at try+ to ! old m51 conditions 7 endurable4 ,a *ange 9 treatm5t 0 =e%ad[$ by a *ange 9 gaol]s4 ,! privilege ( buy+ food 0 tak5 away1 & !y 7 expect$ to eat ! co>se f>e ( ! common soldi]4 ,!y 7 =bidd5 to communicate ) "o ano!r4 ,= a "t ! fai?ful s]vant 0 refus$ access to ,midhat's p]son1 ?\gh ?is ord] 0 aft]w>d revok$4 ,poison 0 discov]$ 9 ! milk1 & 9 a pot ( food4 ,! s]vant 0 (f]$ l>ge sums to poison him1 b ! fai?ful att5dant only r$\bl$ 8 vigilance4 ,f9ally :5 h>d%ip1 sep>ation f family & fri5ds1 & dread ( ! future1 seem$ unable to de/roy 8 life m primitive measures 7 tak54 ,aft] endur+ two ye>s ( su* treatm5t he 0 /rangl$ "o morn+ :ile /ill 9 b$1 toge!r ) two ( 8 fri5ds4 ,su* 0 ! dread inspir$ by ! sultan1 t no "o d>$ to inquire or to make public 8 fate4 ,a lett] f 8 fri5d1 ! ,%eikh-ul-,islam1 to ! family ( ,midhat 01 h[ev]1 publi%$ a few ye>s ago & !n ! :ole tru? became kn[n4 ,! case ( ,midhat 0 n exceptional1 except = 8 prom95ce 9 ,european circles4 ,! same fate has ov]tak5 _m o!rs4 ,fi%]m5 9 ! ,bosporus1 e n[ & !n1 pull$ up a sack 9 :i* a body 0 sewn1 & ^? :o reason$ might rememb] t x _h be5 ann\nc$ t a "o "t fav\rite at ! ,c\rt _h set out on a j\rney to ,london or ,p>is1 ?\gh someh[ he _h my/]i\sly fail$ to arrive4 ,b ?\gh ,midhat ,pa%a & o!rs :o /ruggl$ to introduce ,we/]n in/itutions into ! bord]s ( ! ,ea/ di$ _! "w liv$4 ,"o by "o1 ^? suspect$ ( hav+ advanc$ ideas 7 degrad$4 ,a man might be ,gr& ,vizi] = a mon? or a week1 or ev5 = a day1 & !n )\t w>n+1 be dismiss$ 9 disgrace4 ,! suspici\s sultan tru/$ no "o4 ,he set bro!r to wat* bro!r1 fa!r to spy ^u son1 & !n believ$ none ( !m1 ?\gh he always gu>d$ himself le/ !y might be tell+ ! tru?4 ,p>is receiv$ ! l>g] numb] ( ^? :o fl$ f ! clut*es ( ,abdul ! ,damn$4 ,9 ! life ( ! ,fr5* capital1 "s gave !mselves up to ! manifold dissipations :i* t city (f]s = h] visitors4 ,o!rs loosely organis$1 work$ & wat*$ = t bett] day1 :5 ! ,turk %\ld no long] be a byword among civilis$ peoples4 ,a newspap] edit$ by ,ahm$ ,riza 0 publi%$ & ?\s&s ( copies 7 smuggl$ into ! dom9ions4 ,hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( pamphlets someh[ pass$ ! ,turki% fronti]s & f\nd read]s1 ?\gh _! possession if discov]$ meant imprisonm5t & degradation1 b ! 8,"y ,turks0 7 undismay$4 ,into ! h>ems ! new ideas crept4 ,"o read to ! o!rs dur+ ! long days1 & ! =bidd5 books pass$ f h& to h&1 & f h\se to h\se4 ,wom5 high 9 rank1 ! daught]s ( c\rt (ficials1 c>ri$ messages4 ,:]e a man seem$ approa*able on t side1 "s memb] ( 8 h>em 0 conv]t$1 or else "s woman 0 plac$ 9 8 way1 ev5 sold to him1 p]haps4 ,doz5s ( wom5 sold into ! h>ems ( prom95t m5 w5t z apo/les ( ! new fai?4 ,wom5 delib]ately sacrific$ _! reputations1 s9ce free association ) m51 unless suppos$ly lov]s1 w\ld h ar\s$ suspicion4 ,! army became infect$1 ! (fic]s fir/4 ,dur+ #aijg1 ! ?ird army corps 9 ,mac$onia became ?or\ghly p]meat$4 ,( c\rse ! cruel autocrat knew some?+ ( all ?is1 = 8 spies 7 ev]y:]e1 b he misjudg$ ! ext5t4 ,he _h se5 dissatisfaction & unre/ be=e1 & he _h cru%$ !m by sudd5 bl[s4 ,p]haps he 0 tir$1 & less acute ?an he _h be5 tw5ty ye>s be=e4 ,at any rate he wait$ too long be=e tak+ vigor\s action4 ,e>ly 9 #aijh he ord]$ ! high] (fic]s ( ! army to quiet ! unre/4 ,a belov$ (fic] rais$ ! /&>d ( revolt 9 ,mac$onia1 & ! soldi]s refus$ to fire ^u ! rebels4 ,! ,committee ( ,union & ,progress1 z ! 8,"y ,turk0 movem5t 0 call$1 assum$ *>ge ( ! revolt & dem&$ ! re/oration ( ! con/itution1 :i* ! sultan refus$4 ,ag5ts 7 s5t to en=ce 8 comm&s1 b !y 7 =c$ to flee = _! lives1 & (fic]s n 9 sympa?y ) ! movem5t 7 ?reat5$4 ,?or\ghly al>m$ by ! defection ( ! army1 ! c[>dly sultan pret5d$ to yield & on ,july #bd1 #aijh1 ! con/itution 0 re/or$4 ,too mu* p]haps 0 expect$ ( ! ,p>liam5t4 ,! fanatical ,moslem lead]s spread rum\rs ( e sort1 & ! sultan's ag5ts 7 ev]y:]e active1 di/ill+ d\bt & suspicion into ! soldi]s & populace4 ,9 ,april1 #aiji1 ! g>rison at ,con/ant9ople rose1 disp]s$ ! ,p>liam5t1 & ! wily sultan seem$ aga9 9 control4 ,! army 9 ,mac$onia 0 /ill loyal to ! new ideas1 & 0 promptly mobilis$4 ,)9 t5 days ,con/ant9ople 0 aga9 9 control ( ! ,"y ,turks4 ,abdul ,hamid 0 evid5tly n to be tru/$4 ,! die 0 ca/4 ,8 deposition 0 vot$ by ! reassembl$ ,p>liam5t1 & 8 bro!r :o _h long be5 a prison] 0 plac$ on ! ?rone1 ?\gh ! ,"y ,turks1 w>n$ by _! mi%ap1 kept an effective veto on reaction 9 ! =m ( ! army4 ,b ! wily ,abdul n only plott$ to ga9 back 8 au?ority 9 ,europe1 b 8 ag5ts fann$ ! flames ( religi\s & racial hatr$ 9 ,asia ,m9or4 ,! ,arm5ians 7 once a great nation1 & ?\gh !y h long be5 gr\nd b5ea? ! heel ( ! oppressor1 !y /ill *]i% ! idea t ano!r great ,*ri/ian nation w arise 9 ,asia4 ,!y saw hope 9 ! new rgime & began to speak m freely1 to exhibit pictures ( _! old k+s1 & to buy arms4 ,! fi]ce ,turks1 ,kurds1 ,arabs & ,circassians look$ ^u ! presumption ( ! 8,*ri/ian dogs0 ) rage4 ,mean:ile ag5ts ( ! ,mohamm$an ,league 7 ev]y:]e /irr+ passion to fev] heat1 & on ,tuesday1 ,april #ac1 #aiji1 ! conflict began 9 ,adana1 ?\gh n until ! next day 0 ! fight+ g5]al4 ,= ?ree days ! conte/ rag$1 :5 soldi]s appe>$ & a semblance ( ord] 0 re/or$4 ,simil> sc5es _h tak5 place 9 ,osmanieh1 ,ham$ieh1 :ile at ,t>sus ! ,arm5ians /ood l %eep to be sla94 ,on ,sunday1 ,april #be?1 ! slaught] aga9 broke out at ,adana4 ,?is "t x 0 a massacre pure & simple1 = ! few ,arm5ians :o own$ weapons _h ei!r fl$1 or else 7 almo/ )\t ammunition4 ,m51 wom51 *ildr5 7 indiscrim9ately kill$1 h\ses 7 robb$ & burn$1 until h>dly a ,*ri/ian home 0 left /&+4 ,ov] ! :ole c\ntry fire & sword made a wa/e ( :at _h be5 ! home ( a prosp]\s population4 ,h[ _m 7 kill$ c only be e/imat$4 ,"s say ?irty ?\s&4 ,no e/imate is less ?an half t numb]4 ,an inve/igation 0 set on foot by ,p>liam5t aft] ! in/igator ( ! massacre _h be5 s5t ) eight ( 8 wives to live a prison] at ,salonica4 ,! commission report$ t x _h hang$ fifte5 p]sons--fifte5 p]sons = slay+ fifte5 ?\s&4 ,?\gh mu* r$uc$ dur+ lat] ye>s1 ! ,turki% empire /ill /ret*es ov] ?ree cont95ts & ! isl&s ( ! sea4 ,?\gh p5al conditions ar\nd ,con/ant9ople are bad1 :]e div]se races & religions1 f> away f c5tral control1 mu/ live toge!r1 tr\ble con/antly exi/s4 ,! ,turk has always be5 weak 9 adm9i/ration1 & x is 9 ^! prov9cial prisons t ! *ief horrors are se54 ,= adm9i/rative purposes ,turkey is divid$ into vilayets1 :i* are subdivid$ into sanjaks or livas1 & ^! into kazas4 ,ea* division has its prison4 ,t ( ! la/ nam$ corresponds r\ghly to ! c\nty gaol ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 x accus$ p]sons await+ trial & prison]s s5t5c$ to %ort t]ms are conf9$4 ,grav] crimes are puni%$ by conf9em5t 9 ! prison ( ! sanjak or ! vilayet4 ,= special crimes & = c]ta9 k9ds ( political (f5ces prison]s may be s5t to ,rhodes1 ,s9ope1 ,tripoli & o!r simil> po9ts :]e old ca/les are usually ! prisons4 ,!re is no common =m ( prison4 ,g5]ally !y are old ugly build+s1 ?\gh 9 a few l>g] t[ns new & elegant /ructures h tak5 _! place4 ,9 only "o p>ticul> are !y alike--!y are all dirty1 & are g5]ally damp & unheal?ful1 because ( slov5ly att5tion & ov]cr[d+4 ,! prisons are usually 9 *>ge ( ! zaptiehs1 ?\gh special (fic]s1 *os5 = ! purpose control o!rs4 ,:]e ^! g>di5s h *>ge1 matt]s are usually less bad ?an 9 ! g5]al run4 ,prison]s are expect$ to fe$ !mselves4 ,) ! exception ( alcoholic bev]ages1 fri5ds or relatives may s5d any articles ( food1 or ! prison] may buy !m f 8 own means4 ,ev5 alcohol is smuggl$ 9 by ! connivance ( ! gu>ds :o are always will+ to accept a bribe4 ,tobacco ( c\rse is consid]$ a necessity4 ,to ! v poor co>se bread is usually furni%$1 b ! all[ance = ?is purpose is (t5 embezzl$ by ! (ficials1 & !n ! poor mu/ live ^u ! *>ity ( _! fell[ prison]s4 ,! indiscrim9ate congregate sy/em is /ill 9 vogue z 9 ! days ( ! ,bagnio4 ,a doz51 a score1 or m1 are assign$ to "o room :]e !y live & sleep4 ,sanit>y arrangem5ts are usually primitive1 if n outrage\sly bad1 & ! atmosph]e is try+ to a s5sitive nose4 ,!re is no prison co/ume4 ,a prison] we>s :at he likes1 eats :at he likes1 & sp5ds 8 "t z he likes1 )9 ! limits ( ! prison4 ,!re is no pret5ce ( re=m4 ,! prison]s live idle1 useless lives4 ,?\gh1 accord+ to law1 a prison] may "w if he desires1 9 fact1 "w is n enc\rag$ because ( ! disputes likely to arise ov] ! sale ( 8 product1 & h>dly "o p] c5t4 is occupi$4 ,yet /range z x may appe> at fir/ glance1 a great numb] are p]fectly cont5t4 ,leisure1 food1 tobacco are !irs & !y wi% little m4 ,:5 two-?irds ( ! s5t5ce has be5 s]v$1 x is ! cu/om to release ! tractable prison]s4 ,_m ,turks h[ev] pref] life 9 prison to life outside1 & refuse to leave4 ,x is a home :]e !y are free f c>e1 exempt f taxes1 & f milit>y s]vice4 ,!y avoid ?us all duties ( citiz5%ip & live l p>asites ^u _! relatives or ^u any prop]ty to :i* !y h a claim4 ,!oretically all =ms ( physical puni%m5t are =bidd51 ?\gh 9 e anci5t prison ! old fett]s are pres]v$1 ru/$ & /iff to be sure1 b /ill pa9ful4 ,:]e diff]5ces ( race & religion betwe5 prison] & keep] appe> !y are und\bt$ly (t5 us$ to make h>d] ! lot ( ! 8infidel0 or ( ! suspect$ conspirator4 ,:ile all *>ges ( ill usage & torture made by ,arm5ian1 ,jew1 or ,greek c n be su/a9$1 !re is a f\ndation ( tru?4 ,"s ( ! h&cuffs are ( iron1 :ile o!rs are simply heavy blocks ( wood ) two grooves = ! wri/s4 ,:5 ! heavy blocks are nail$ toge!r1 ! arms are held 9 a mo/ uncom=table position1 & ! ob/ruct$ circulation may cause int5se pa94 ,! ,rev]5d ,g4 ,?\maian1 an ,arm5ian cl]gyman1 tells ( we>+ ^! h&cuffs = fifte5 h\rs on ! j\rney f ,m>sovan to ,*orum1 & = five days !reaft]4 ,he & 8 companion also wore iron coll>s1 connect$ by *a9s1 = tw5ty-five days :ile 9 prison at ,*orum4 ,fett]s are also worn1 connect$ by *a9s1 & :]e ! gu>ds are especially brutal or ! prison]s are hat$ = any reason ! latt] may be *a9$ to ! wall by neck & feet1 sometimes s closely t ! irons cut into ! fle%4 ,z is ! case 9 ,spa9 ! convict w>d] fl\ri%es 9 ,turkey4 ,to him is sometimes confid$ ! o!r =ms ( torture4 ,a prison] f :om a confession is desir$ may be tak5 to a lonely cell :]e ! la% is pli$ until blood collects 9 a huge bli/] "u ! sk94 ,?is is punctur$ & int5se pa9 results z ! raw surface comes 9 contact ) ! air4 ,worse tales ?an ?is are told--( prison]s hang$ by ! feet f a beam dur+ ! beat+1 ( nak$ prison]s ?ru/ into cold cells & dr5*$ ) icy wat]1 & ev5 ( ! application ( hot irons4 ,f9ally ,mr4 ,?\maian decl>es t to 8 own p]sonal k a sev]e torture 0 appli$ to an acqua9tance ( 81 a "y graduate ( ,anatolia ,college4 ,! "y man's head 0 %av$1 & on ! b>e sk9 9 a s5sitive spot 0 plac$ a nut%ell fill$ ) v]m94 ,z !y began to /ruggle & tore deep] & deep] into ! s5sitive n]ves1 ! torture 0 exquisite4 ,sometimes prison]s to :om ?is te/ is appli$ lose all control ( !mselves & confess to p>ticipation 9 any plot no matt] h[ incr$ible1 c>+ only = ! removal ( ! horrible pa94 ,^! acc\nts all deal ) ! la/ ye>s ( ,abdul ,hamid's reign1 :5 ! dem& = 8free ,arm5ia0 0 /rong1 :5 ,mac$onia 0 re/less1 & :5 ! loyalty ( l>ge "p ( ! army 0 suspect$4 ,prison]s *>g$ ) ord9>y crimes liv$ mu* ! same lives z ! inmates ( ! ,bagnio sixty ye>s be=e1 except p]haps t !y 7 bett] f$ 9 ! lat] ye>s4 ,s9ce ! accession ( ! new sultan1 vigilance has be5 relax$ s f> z politics are conc]n$4 ,:e!r ! leop>d has really *ang$ 8 spots1 & ! ,turk has become humane is a "q t only ! future c settle4 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,inconsi/5t spell+ & hyph5ation are z 9 ! orig9al4