,illu/ration3 ,a ,,mod]n ,,c9]>y ,,urn4 7,frontispiece47 ,,! ,,cremation ,,( ,,! ,,dead ,,consid]$ ,,f ,,an ,,/hetic1 ,,sanit>y1 ,,religi\s1 ,,hi/orical1 ,,m$ico-,,legal1 ,,& ,,economical ,,/&po9t ,,by ,,hugo ,,eri*s51 ,m4,d4 ,,lic5tiate ,,( ,,! ,,royal ,,college ,,( ,,physicians ,,& ,,surgeons ,,( ,,k+/on1 ,,canada2 ,,memb] ,,( ,,! ,,committee ,,( ,,organization ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,int]national ,,cremation ,,congress2 ,,correspond+ ,,memb] ,,( ,,! ,,cremation ,,societies ,,( ,,new ,,york ,,& ,,b]l92 ,,=eign ,,associate ,,memb] ,,( ,,! ,,hygi5ic ,,society ,,( ,,france2 ,,honor>y ,,memb] ,,( ,,! ,,cremation ,,society ,,( ,,milan1 ,,italy2 ,,etc4 ,) an ,introductory ,note ,,by ,,sir ,t4 ,,sp5c] ,,wells1 ,,b>t41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,,late ,,presid5t ,,( ,,! ,,royal ,,college ,,( ,,surgeons ,,( ,,engl&2 ,,surgeon ,,to ,,! ,,que5',s ,,h\sehold2 ,,etc4 ,,illu/rat$ ,del5da e/ inhumatio6 ,,detroit ,d4 ,o4 ,,haynes ,,company #ahhg ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- 8,:y %\ld we seek to clo! dea? ) unnecess>y t]ror1 & spread horror r\nd ! tomb ( ^? we love8 ,! grave %\ld be surr\nd$ ) ev]y?+ t might ensure t5d]ness & v5]ation40 --,,wa%+ton ,,irv+4 8,die ,lei*5v]br5nung v]di5t die ,a*tung1 wel*e ihr um ihres hoh5 ,w]!s will5 im klassis*5 ,alt]?um gezollt wurde1 au* heute no*1 da sie die e9zige ,art d] ,todt5be/attung i/1 die vor d5 s*reckli*5 ,folg5 d] ,v]wesungsdu5/e si*]t und das bei d] ,lei*5be]digung s (t vorgekomm5e ,wi$]]wa*5 im ,grabe v]huetet40 --,j4 ,p4 ,,trus54 8,si n\s sommes une /atue ,sculpte l'image de ,dieu2 ,qu& cette image e/ abattue1 ,jetons-en les dbris au feu6 ,toi1 =me immortelle1 remonte ,dans la flamme1 aux s\rces du ,beau1 ,sans que ton argile ait la honte ,et les misres du tombeau60 --,,?,,ophile ,,gauti]4 ,copyright1 #ahhg1 ,,by ,,hugo ,,eri*s54 ,j4 ,s4 ,,cu%+ ,,co41 ,,pr9t]s1 ,,bo/on4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,to ,,william ,,eassie1 ,c4,e41 ,f4,l4,s41 ,honor>y ,secret>y ( ! ,cremation ,society ( ,engl&1 & ,,dr4 ,,prosp] ,,de ,,pietra-,,santa1 ( ,p>is1 ,,?is ,,volume ,,is ,,d$icat$ z a m>k ( high e/eem1 & 9 recognition ( _! untir+ labor 9 behalf ( t greate/ ( all sanit>y re=ms1 cremation1 by _! s9c]e admir]1 ,,! ,,au?or4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,preface4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to expla9 ! purpose ( ?is "w4 ,x is an appeal to ! g5]al public2 a plea = ! burn+ ( ! dead4 ,! p]iod ( fi]ce & fanatic opposition to cremation has pass$1 & made way = a calm consid]ation ( ! subject4 ,9 #ahgd a ,p]sian g5tleman1 !n a resid5t ( "o ( ! ,ea/]n ,/ates ( our own free & great republic1 :o want$ to h 8 wife cremat$1 0 compell$ by an ignorant mob to resort to int]m5t4 ,happily we are ov] t n[4 ,x is a/oni%+ t ! cremation "q has n be5 tak5 hold ( by ! lit]>ians ( our c\ntry2 !re is h>dly a subject t rew>ds its /ud5t s well z cremation1 & future writ]s on inc9]ation1 n hamp]$ by ! lit]>y inexp]i5ce "u :i* ,i h labor$1 w reap a ri* h>ve/ inde$ :5 !y devote _! tal5t & "t to ! re=m4 ,i w\ld c\nsel ^? :o are 9 favor ( cremation to imm$iately put 9 writ+ _! desire to h _! body committ$ to ! flames aft] dea? in/ead ( hav+ x consign$ to 8dirt & d>kness40 ,su* writt5 reque/s %\ld be pres]v$ 9 places :]e !y c be easily f\nd aft] decease2 = in/ance1 9 ! writ+-desk4 ,if e individual promotor ( ! re=m1 male or female1 consid]+ ! unc]ta9ty ( life1 w\ld foll[ ?is advice1 cremation w\ld spe$ily prevail4 ,i am s5sible ( ! _m defects ( ?is book1 b ,i tru/ t x w be f\nd to furni% "s useful in=mation :i* _c well be obta9$ else:]e1 besides prov+ an assi/ance to ^? :o are desir\s ( /udy+ ! "q m fully4 ,i desire to express my indebt$ness to cremati/s 9 all p>ts ( ! _w = ! valuable assi/ance ,i receiv$ f !m 9 ! prep>ation ( ?is volume4 ,= all :o l cleanl9ess1 = all :o love true s5tim5t1 = all fri5ds ( economy1 = all :o v5]ate _! dead1 & = all :o are n afraid ( re=m ! foll[+ pages 7 writt54 ,x only rema9s to express ! ?anks due ! foll[+ g5tlem5 = p]mission to use illu/rations )\t :i* ?is book w\ld h be5 decid$ly incomplete3 ,messrs4 ,dodd1 ,mead ,co41 ,cyrus ,k4 ,rem+ton1 ,augu/us ,cobb1 ,alb]t ,me9+]1 & ,dr4 ,m4 ,l4 ,davis4 ,h4 ,e4 ,,detroit1 ,feb4 #bh1 #ahhg4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,page ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,cremation #a ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,evils ,,( ,,burial2 ,,! ,,sanit>y ,,aspect ,,( ,,inc9]ation #ff ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,cremation ,,9 ,,times ,,( ,,w> #abi ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,processes ,,( ,,mod]n ,,cremation #adj ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,m$ico-,,legal ,,aspect ,,( ,,inc9]ation4--,,! ,,objections ,,to #aeg ,,cremation ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,burial ,,alive4--,,cremation ,,f ,,an ,,/hetic ,,& ,,religi\s ,,po9t ,,( #ahj ,,view ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,economy ,,( ,,cremat+ ,,! ,,dead4--,,! ,,pres5t ,,/ate ,,( ,,! #bbd ,,cremation ,,"q ,,introduction4 ,,dr4 ,h4 ,,eri*s53 ,de> ,sir1--,9 reply to y\r reque/ t ,i %\ld write an introduction to a "w :i* y are ab\t to compose on cremation1 ,i am plac$ 9 ! great difficulty ( kn[+ no?+ ( y\r book1 n ev5 hav+ se5 its title-page or table ( cont5ts4 ,x is q impossible1 !re=e1 = me to say h[ f> y\r views & my own may accord4 ,b1 z ,i suppose y\r object is to br+ be=e ! p ( ,am]ica pro( ( ! evil effects to ! liv+ insep>able f ! pres5t mode ( disposal ( ! dead by bury+ !m 9 ! e>?1 z well z to %[ h[ ^! evils may be avoid$ by burn+ dead bodies1--9 a ^w1 by ! sub/itution ( cremation = burial1 ( purification = putrefaction1--,i h great pleasure 9 do+ ! little t is 9 my p[] to assi/ 9 br++ a v important "q ( sanit>y re=m be=e a ?\ghtful1 intellig5t1 & advanc+ nation4 ,i d n "k h[ f> ,i am "r 9 suppos+ t ) y 9 ! ,we/1 z ) u 9 ! ,ea/1 a k ( sanit>y sci5ce1 ( ! conditions :i* are necess>y = ! heal? ( mank9d1 is /ill conf9$ to ! comp>atively few :o may be call$ ! well educat$ class4 ,nor d ,i "k h[ f> ?is k has be5 diffus$ among ! classes ( y\r population :o h receiv$ b little education4 ,b ,i d "k ) u x is ! highe/ classes1 9 ! s5se ( ! be/ educat$ classes1 :o are ! mo/ e>ne/ 9 _! ef=ts to dissem9ate t bran* ( k or sci5ce :i*1 9 ! words ( ,p>kes1 aims at r5d]+ 8y\? mo/ p]fect1 decay less rapid1 life m vigor\s1 & dea? m remote40 ,p>kes is dead1 b he /ill speaks to u by 8 book1 & he says3-- 8,! disposal ( ! dead is always a "q ( difficulty4 ,if ! dead are buri$1 s great at la/ is ! accumulation ( bodies t ! :ole c\ntry r\nd a great city becomes gradually a va/ cemet]y4 ,aft] dea?1 ! buri$ body returns to its elem5ts4 ,if1 in/ead ( be+ buri$1 ! body is burn$1 ! same process occurs m rapidly4 ,a community mu/ always dispose ( its dead1 ei!r by burial 9 l& or wat]1 or by burn+1 or *emical de/ruction equival5t to burn+1 or by embalm+ or pres]v+4 ,! ev5tual disp]sion ( our frame is ! same 9 all cases4 ,nei!r affection nor religion c be outrag$ by any mann] ( disposal ( ! dead :i* is done ) prop] solemnity & respect to ! e>?ly dwell+-places ( our fri5ds4 ,! "q %\ld be entirely plac$ on sanit>y gr\nds4 ,bury+ 9 ! gr\nd appe>s c]ta9ly to be ! mo/ insanit>y plan40 ,p>kes di$ be=e we _h le>n$ h[ p]fectly & *eaply1 h[ rapidly & in(f5sively cremation c\ld be c>ri$ on2 & he favor$ bury+ 9 ! sea r ?an 9 ! e>?1 :5ev] ! di/ance 0 n too great = transport4 ,he knew well h[ impossible x is to prev5t gravey>ds )9 t[ns1 or suburban cemet]ies1 f becom+ soon] or lat] a s\rce ( dang] or nuisance to ! liv+1 h[ difficult x is to f9d a suitable site & soil1 suffici5t space1 & to secure prop] regulations & managem5t4 ,^! difficulties may n be s great amid y\r unlimit$ space z ) u2 b !y mu/ be an increas+ evil 9 & ar\nd y\r l>ge cities4 ,i tru/1 !re=e1 t y\r "w may assi/ 9 ! m rapid progress ( cremation z a sub/itute = burial4 ,) u ! legal objection has ceas$4 ,x is n[ ackn[l$g$ by ! gov]nm5t1 & has be5 decid$ by ?ree judges t if cremation is s p]=m$ z to create no nuisance1 & incite to no brea* ( ! peace1 x is n illegal4 ,! religi\s objection has be5 answ]$ by ! ,bi%op ( ,man*e/]1 by ,canon ,liddon1 & by ! ,e>l ( ,%aftesbury4 ,! bi%op said3 8,no intellig5t fai? c suppose t any ,*ri/ian doctr9e is affect$ by ! mann] 9 :i* ?is mortal body ( ours crumbles into du/ & sees corruption40 ,canon ,liddon said1 9 a s]mon at ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral3-- 8,! resurrection ( a body f its a%es is n a great] miracle ?an ! resurrection ( an unburnt body2 ea* mu/ be purely miracul\s40 ,"l ,%aftesbury said to me t any d\bt z to ! resurrection ( a body because x _h be5 burnt 0 an 8audaci\s limitation ( ! ,almighty02 & he ask$1 8,:at1 !n1 has become ( ! bless$ m>tyrs :o 7 burn$ at ! /ake 9 anci5t & mod]n p]secution80 ,! m$ico-legal objection t murd]$ or poison$ p]sons if burn$ c\ld n be exhum$1 z is sometimes done if suspicion ( f\l play arise aft] burial1 is answ]$ by ! /rict obs]vance ( prop] regulations be=e cremation4 ,mu* m complete m$ical c]tificates z to ! cause ( dea? are requir$ by ! cremation society ( ,engl& ?an by any cemet]y company2 & 9 "s cases1 a po/-mortem exam9ation is insi/$ on4 ,9 ?is way1 cremation becomes a security to ! public aga9/ secret poison+ or any =m ( murd]4 ,! s5tim5tal objection is t :i* c only be ov]come by "t & education4 ,:5 ! p "k h[ great are ! evils dep5d5t on burial 9 ! e>?1 ev5 :5 ?is is done "u ! mo/ favorable conditions1 h[ seldom ^! conditions c be secur$1 &1 :5 ! k becomes g5]al t :5 a human body :i* w\ld require five1 t51 or tw5ty ye>s to sl[ly putrefy 9 any soil c 9 "o h\r be *eaply & in(f5sively conv]t$ into a :ite a%1 public s5tim5t mu/ favor cremation 9 place ( corruption1 & = putrefaction sub/itute purification4 ,! same religi\s c]emonial might accompany ei!r mode ( disposal ( ! dead4 ,! a%es might be disp]s$ to ! w9ds1 h>mlessly buri$1 or pres]v$ 9 urns ne> monum5ts or memorial tablets 9 our cemet]ies1 or b5ea? or ar\nd any place ( wor%ip1 or 9 any family mausoleum1 or 9 "s p>k1 public g>d51 or any ornam5tal op5 space ne> a great city1 z ! wi%es ( ! dead or ( ! surviv+ relations & fri5ds may pref]4 ,"h1 we hope ! city ( ,london w be ! fir/ municipal body 9 ! ,k+dom to set ! example 9 ?is sanit>y re=m4 ,b1 p]haps1 ! impetus may be giv5 by our ,am]ican c\s9s & bro!rs4 ,i am1 de> sir1 fai?fully y\rs1 ,t4 ,,sp5c] ,,wells4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,cremation4 ,ye 9 ! age gone by1 ,:o rul$ ! _w--a _w h[ lovely !n ,& guid$ /ill ! /eps ( happy m5 ,9 ! light lead+-/r+s ( c>eless joy6 ,be=e ! b$ ( dea? ,no gha/ly spectre /ood--b f ! por* ,( life1 ! lip--"o kiss inhal$ ! brea?1 ,& ! mute1 graceful g5ius l[]$ a tor*6 ,,s*ill]3 ,! ,gods ( ,greece4 ,primeval man mo/ likely dispos$ ( 8 dead by c>ry+ !m into ! woods or leav+ !m any:]e above gr\nd1 a prey to animals ( all k9ds4 ,b soon ! organs ( sight & smell took (f5se at ! mutilat$ & decay$ corpses1 & !y 7 buri$4 ,) ! increase ( population x became necess>y to r5d] ! dead innocu\s to ! liv+1 & !n1 p]haps1 cremation 0 orig9ally resort$ to z a means ( protect+ ! liv+ f ! effects ( corruption4 ,9 ! e>ly /ages ( ! _w's hi/ory1 :5 !re 0 pl5ty ( available l&1 int]m5t 0 ( c\rse a v *eap process1 & !re=e (t5 resort$ to by ! poor] classes1 b p]sons ( intellig5ce & education always pref]r$ inc9]ation z ! bett] me?od ( dispos+ ( dead bodies4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,roman ,,columb>ium4 ,9 ! gradual gr[? among sci5ti/s ( ! belief t cremation is pref]able to ! pres5t sy/em ( inhumation1 is se5 ano!r in/ance ( mod]n civilization borr[+ ! ideas ( ! f>-di/ant pa/4 ,! p5dulum by :i* ! _w's age is measur$ sw+s 9 an imm5se arc4 ,n[1 aft] ?\s&s ( ye>s1 ! views ( ! lead]s ( human ?\ght are sw++ back to t express$ by "s ( ! e>lie/ peoples4 ,inc9]ation is a mo/ anci5t practice4 ,x has always be5 a matt] ( difficulty to asc]ta9 ! orig9 ( anci5t cu/oms4 ,9 ! case ( cremation ! hi/orians h n be5 able to discov] ! date :5 x 0 fir/ practic$4 ,! hi/ory ( anci5t cremation1 h[ev]1 c be trac$ to ne>ly #bjjj ye>s be=e ,*ri/4 ,inc9]ation is reg>d$ by "s au?ors z ! outcome ( ! sun-wor%ip ( ! ,phnicians4 ,_! sol> god 7,helios7--! ,melik]tes ( ! ,greeks--0 repres5t$ by !m z burn+ himself1 :]eby !y want$ to indicate ! ev]-return+ sol> ye>4 ,among ! anci5t nations1 ! sun 0 especially rev]$ & wor%ipp$ by ! ,p]sians1 ,egyptians1 & ! ,sabian ,arabs4 ,at ,heliopolis1 ,phnicia1 & ,palmyra1 ,syria1 !re 7 celebrat$ temples consecrat$ to ! sun4 ,9 "s ( ! c\ntries m5tion$1 horses :i* 71 on acc\nt ( _! cel]ity1 reg>d$ z symbols ( ! sun 7 sacrific$ to ?is cele/ial body4 ,"s au?ors ascribe ! orig9 ( cremation to ! self-immolation ( ,h]cules4 ,dr4 ,le ,moyne1 ! f\nd] ( ! fir/ crematorium erect$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ass]t$ t ! fir/ au!nticat$ case ( burn+ ! dead 0 ! propos$ inc9]ation ( ,isaac1 & t1 al?\gh x 0 n consummat$1 x 0 fully au?oriz$ by ! ,deity4 ,9 consequ5ce he argues t cremationi/s /& 9 ! %ad[ ( ! ,"l1 & t any "o :o opposes !m commits a sacrilege4 ,i d n believe t inc9]ation1 z "s ( its antagoni/s h imput$1 _h its orig9 9 a hea!n religion1 b ,i am q c]ta91 f exi/+ evid5ce1 t x 0 orig9ally resort$ to ^u sanit>y gr\nds1 & z a means to protect ! liv+ aga9/ corruption4 ,x may be possible t inc9]ation owes its orig9 to ! anci5t nomadic tribes t burnt _! dead & c>ri$ ! a%es ) !m4 ,among agricultural peoples1 ^? :o di$ 9 w>1 & :ile hunt+1 7 sometimes consign$ to ! flames1 ei!r because ! grave w\ld n protect !m f wild animals1 or because x 0 desir$ to return ! a%es to ! relatives1 :o w\ld keep !m sacr$4 ,! orig9 ( inc9]ation1 z appe>s f :at ,i h said1 is surr\nd$ ) a great deal ( obscurity4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 an e/abli%$ fact t ! ,ori5t 0 ! bir?place ( cremation4 ,! ,egyptians fir/ buri$ _! dead1 !n embalm$ !m1 &1 accord+ to ,walk]1 at a p]iod n /at$1 aboli%$ embalm+ & sub/itut$ burn+4 ,!y p]=m$ inc9]ation by plac+ ! corpse 9 an amian?us receptacle1 :i*1 rema9+ intact1 kept ! bones ap>t f ! fuel4 ,! tombs ( ! ,assyrians1 discov]$ on ! banks ( ! ,tigris & ,euphrates1 furni% u ) unmi/akable evid5ce ( ! fact t ! burn+ ( ! dead 0 n unkn[n to !m4 ,! same applies to ! ,babylonians4 ,! tombs ( bo? peoples :5 explor$ 7 f\nd to conta9 urns hold+ human bones & a%es2 ^! urns 7 (t5 v l>ge1 be+ sometimes ( suffici5t size to admit ! body ( an adult4 ,! ,p]sians ei!r burn$ _! dead or dissolv$ !m 9 aqua =tis4 ,yet !y also practic$ burial 9 deep sepul*res t _h ni*es 9 :i* ! bodies 7 deposit$ ^u slabs4 ,! ,hebrews commonly int]r$ _! deceas$1 b inc9]ation 0 likewise practic$4 ,! ,mosaic code prescrib$ t ^? :o transgress$ ! laws ( w$lock & *a/ity %\ld be put to dea? by fire4 ,9 ,i4 ,moses xxxviii4 #bd1 we f9d ! fir/ evid5ce ( ?is4 ,! ?ird book ( ,moses1 xx4 #ad & xxi4 #i1 also be>s te/imony to ?is fact4 ,?us we see t c9]ation 0 look$ ^u by ?is p ( antiquity 9 ! e>ly p]iod ( its hi/ory z a puni%m5t = (f5d]s aga9/ ! m>ri$ /ate & *a/ity4 ,x is b>ely possible 7d$uctions "o may draw f c]ta9 passages 9 ! books ( ,moses7 t ! anci5t ,jews fir/ /on$ ^! disob$i5ts1 !n burn$ _! bodies publicly1 & f9ally erect$ a s-call$ m\nd ( infamy ov] _! rema9s4 ,b z we foll[ ,hebrew hi/ory1 we soon f9d t cremation 0 trans=m$ f a humiliat+ act ( punition to ! highe/ honor1 to a di/9ction t 0 only accord$ to royalty4 ,! fir/ k+ ( ,israel 0 cremat$ aft] ! battle ) ! ,phili/9es 9 ,m\nt ,gilboa1 :]e he & 8 ?ree sons fell4 ,! ,holy ,bible relates h[1 :5 ! inhabitants ( ,jabe%-,gilead he>d ( t :i* ! ,phili/9es _h done to ,saul 7,i4 ,samuel xxxi4 #ab73 8,all ! valiant m5 arose1 & w5t all night1 & took ! bodies ( ,saul & ! bodies ( 8 sons f ! wall ( ,be?-%an1 & came to ,jabe% & burnt !m !re40 ,& v]se #ac ( ! same *apt] in=ms u3 8,& !y took _! bones 7ossilegio7 & buri$ !m "u a tree at ,jabe% & fa/$ sev5 days40 ,asa1 k+ ( ,judah1 0 also consign$ to ! fun]al pyre1 z we glean f ,,ii4 ,*ronicles xvi4 #ad3 8,& !y buri$ him 9 8 own sepul*res1 :i* he _h made = himself 9 ! city ( ,david1 & laid him 9 ! b$ :i* 0 fill$ ) sweet odors & div]s k9ds ( spices prep>$ by ! apo!c>ies' art2 & !y made a v great burn+ ( him40 ,( ,asa's gr&son1 ,k+ ,jehoram1 x is said t 8 p cremat$ him n l 8 fa!rs1 because he _h fur!r$ idolatry4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,isaiah xxx4 #cc ref]s to a l>ge pyre t 0 kept alight to consume ! bodies ( ! deceas$3 8,= ,tophet is orda9$ ( old2 yea1 = ! k+ x is prep>$2 he ha? made x deep & l>ge2 ! pile !re( is fire & mu* wood2 ! brea? ( ! ,"l l a /ream ( brim/one do? k9dle x40 ,j]emiah 7xxxiv4 #e7 prophesi$ ( ,z$ekiah1 ano!r k+ ( ,judah1 t he w\ld be burn$ ) ! same honors t att5d$ ! cremation ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,& 9 ,amos vi4 #aj1 we f9d ! foll[+1 :i* also po9ts to inc9]ation3 8,& a man's uncle %all take him up1 & he t burne? him1 to br+ out ! bones out ( ! h\se10 etc4 ,! la/ passage cit$ & ! "o m5tion+ ! ,vale ( ,tophet1 are con/ru$ by "s writ]s z mean+ t ! anci5t ,jews _h rec\rse to cremation 9 great plagues2 id e/1 = hygi5ic reasons4 ,n[1 al?\gh ^! quotations pla9ly %[ t ! ,israelites ( old did execute inc9]ation1 we also le>n f !m t ! practice 0 nev] g5]al2 at fir/ conf9$ to crim9als1 at la/ to k+s4 ,x is impossible to det]m9e :5 ! cu/om ( burn+ ! dead orig9at$ among ! ,h9doos4 ,x 0 always connect$ ) religi\s obs]vances1 & kn[n to ! p ( ,india s9ce ! e>lie/ times4 ,x 0 re/rict$ to c]ta9 classes or ca/es3 ma9ly to ,brahm9s & w>riors4 ,! m]*ants1 me*anics1 & ! till]s ( ! soil 7 int]r$4 ,*ildr5 "u two ye>s ( age 7 b>r$ f cremation1 & _h to be buri$ 9 ! e>?4 ,"s religi\s sects1 h[ev]1 7 an exception f ?is rule & execut$ c9]ation indiscrim9ately--= in/ance ! believ]s 9 ,vi%nu4 ,:5 a ,h9doo di$ away f home1 or :5 8 body 0 lo/ & c\ld n be f\nd1 8 relatives in/itut$ a symbolical c]emony4 ,!y ga!r$ #cfj leaves ( a c]ta9 %rub & z _m wool5 ?reads4 ,!y 7 "u ! impression t ! human body consi/$ ( #cfj p>ts4 ,( ! ?reads & leaves !y =m$ a figure1 some:at resembl+ ! human =m1 :i* 0 w\nd r\nd ) a /rip ( ! hide ( a black antelope1 :i* _h also be5 previ\sly wrapp$ closely r\nd ) wool5 ?read4 ,?is figure 0 !n besme>$ ) b>ley-meal & wat] & burnt z an effigy ( ! miss+ body4 ,f ,india cremation ext5d$ to ,europe1 & 0 adopt$ by all ,indo-,g]manic peoples4 ,?is 0 prov5 by ,pr(4 ,jacob ,grimm 9 an oration on ! burn+ ( ! dead1 deliv]$ be=e ! ,royal ,academy ( ,sci5ces at ,b]l91 9 #ahdi1 9 :i* ! fam\s s*ol> highly comm5d$ ! anci5t cu/om4 ,9 old tombs on ! isl& ( ,malta1 urns ( a k9d ( clay conta9+ a%es1 la*rymatories1 sev]al mortu>y lamps 7"s ( excell5t workman%ip71 & ! model ( a mummy1 =m$ ( a gre5 semi-transp>5t sub/ance1 7 f\nd4 ,?is discov]y demon/rates t ! ori5tals :o inhabit$ ?is isle ( ! ,m$it]ranean 9 ! e>lie/ times 7 9 ! habit ( cremat+ _! deceas$4 ,! ,?racians 7 ! next to embrace burial by fire4 ,( !m ,h]odotus relates t !y exhibit$ ! corpse publicly = ?ree days1 br\ght _m (f]+s1 & bewail$ ! deceas$4 ,at ! t]m9ation ( ! p]iod /at$1 !y cremat$ ! body & !n buri$ ! a%es & bones4 ,aft] !y _h erect$ a m\nd ov] ! rema9s1 !y play$ gymnic games4 ,f ,asia1 by way ( ,?race1 cremation rea*$ ,greece4 ,among ! ,greeks burial 0 orig9ally exce$+ly primitive1 z we le>n f a law t compell$ pass]s-by to place a h&ful ( e>? ^u ! brea/ ( e unburi$ corpse4 ,int]m5t und\bt$ly prec$$ cremation 9 ,greece4 ,h]aclitus advanc$ ! !ory t ev]y?+ 9 exi/5ce 0 creat$ f fire4 ,!re=e he argu$ t all corpses mu/ be burn$ to free ! s\l f all mat]ial matt]1 & to return x to its primitive elem5ts4 ,accord+ to ,eu/a*ius ,h]cules burn$ ! body ( ,argius1 ! son ( ,likymnios1 #aejj ye>s be=e ,*ri/4 ,he _h promis$ ! fa!r to return ! y\?1 b :5 ! latt] fell 9 mortal combat1 no?+ rema9$ = him b to cremate ,argius & to br+ home ) him ! a%es to ! sorr[ful p>5t4 ,h]cules 0 unque/ionably ! fir/ to cremate himself4 ,:5 he 0 torm5t$ by ! pangs ( approa*+ dea?1 he built a pyre & ord]$ 8 s]vant to ignite x4 ,:5 ! s]vant fail$ to set ! wood afire1 ,h]cules desc5d$ f ! pyre1 k9dl$ x himself & aga9 m\nt$ x to await 8 fate4 ,pl9y 0 dispos$ to attribute ! orig9 ( inc9]ation among ! ,greeks to _! cu/om ( burn+ ! dead on ! field ( battle1 to r5d] !m secure f ! rev5ge ( ! enemy4 ,be t z x may1 c]ta9 x is t inc9]ation nev] became ! only mode by :i* ! inhabitants ( ,hellas dispos$ ( _! deceas$2 except 9 ,a!ns1 :]e x 0 practic$ exclusively = "s "t4 ,suicides1 ^? :o _h be5 /ruck by lightn+1 & untee!d *ildr5 7 n cremat$1 = x 0 ! prevail+ op9ion t ! pure flames w\ld h be5 defil$ by !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,greek ,,fun]al ,,urn4 ,hom]1 t incomp>able ,hell5ic poet 7,!re is1 ,i "k1 a dispute :e!r ! "n ,hom] /&s = "o p]son or = a numb] ( b>ds4 ,z f> z ,i am conc]n$1 ,i believe t ,hom] 0 an individual1 a poor m5dicant p]haps1 w&]+ all ov] ,greece1 s++ or recit+ 8 h]oic epics1 & liv+ on ! grace ( an admir+ public4 ,no collection ( b>ds c\ld h possibly writt5 ! ,odyssey & ,iliad1 :i* are s uni=m 9 "* ?r\gh\t471 has pres]v$ = u1 9 immortal v]se1 ! records ( ! ,trojan w>1 9 :i* we f9d _m in/ances ( cremation *ronicl$4 ,! rec5t explorations ( ,dr4 ,he9ri* ,s*liemann on ! site ( ,troy h demon/rat$ beyond a d\bt t ! poems ( ,hom] re/ on a basis ( actual fact4 ,dur+ ! w> t 0 f\ght = ,hel5 ! beautiful1 x 0 cu/om>y among ! ,greeks & ,trojans to r$uce to a%es ! bodies ( ^? :o _h be5 sla9 9 battle4 ,l9e #fi ( ! fir/ book ( ! ,iliad proves t ! ,greeks burn$ _! dead = sanit>y reasons4 ,! bodies ( c[>ds1 crim9als1 & slaves 7 n inc9]at$1 b left unburi$1 a prey = ! bea/s ( ! field & ! birds ( ! air4 ,agamemnon1 ! k+1 address+ 8 w>riors w>ns !m 7vide ,pope's translation ( ! ,iliad1 ,b4 ,,ii1 ,l4 #dff7 t1 dur+ battle3-- 8,:o d>es1 +lori\s1 9 8 %ips to /ay1 ,:o d>es to tremble on ?is signal day1 ,t wret*1 too mean to fall by m>tial p[]1 ,! birds %all mangle1 & ! dogs dev\r40 ,inc9]ation 0 d5i$ ,ajax1 "o ( ! greate/ ,grecian h]oes1 because he _h sla9 himself 9 a fit ( indignation4 ,hector's defiance ( ! ,greek pr9ces 7,iliad1 ,b4 ,,vii1 ,l4 #he7 %[s t x 0 also ! cu/om among ! ,trojans to burn ! dead4 ,!re is fur!r evid5ce ( ?is 9 ! truce1 betwe5 ,priam & ,agamemnon 7vide ,iliad1 ,b4 ,,vii1 ,l4 #hih & #dej71 = ! purpose ( burn+ ! dead ( bo? armies4 ,hom]'s n>ration ( ! burn+ ( ,patroclus1 ,a*illes' fri5d1 gives su* an accurate description ( ! me?od !n 9 use1 t ,i w be p>don$ = quot+ x "h4 ,! passage to :i* ,i ref] occurs 9 ! tw5ty-?ird book ( ! ,iliad1 & is z foll[s3-- 8,!y :o _h ! dead 9 *>ge ,rema9$1 & heap$ ! wood & built a pyre ,a hundr$ feet ea* way f side to side4 ,) sorr[ful he>ts !y rais$ & laid ! corpse ,^u ! summit4 ,!n !y flay$ & dress$ ,be=e x _m fatl+s ( ! flock1 ,& ox5 ) curv$ feet & crook$ horns4 ,f ^! magnanim\s ,a*illes took ,! fat1 & cov]$ ) x c>efully ,! dead f head to foot4 ,beside ! bi] ,& lean+ t[>d x1 j>s ( honey & oil ,he plac$1 & flung1 ) _m a deep-drawn sigh1 ,twelve high-neck$ /e$s ^u ! pile4 ,n9e h\nds !re 71 :i* f ! tables ( ! pr9ce ,7 daily f$2 ( ^! ,a*illes /ruck ,! heads f two1 & laid !m on ! wood1 ,& aft] ^!1 & la/1 twelve gallant sons ,( ! brave ,trojans1 but*]$ by ! sword2 ,= he 0 b5t on evil4 ,to ! pile ,he put ! iron viol5ce ( fire1 ,&1 wail+1 call$ by "n ! fri5d he lov$4 99 99 99 99 99 444,!y qu5*$ ) d>k r$ w9e ,! pyre1 :]e'er ! flames _h spread1 & :]e ,lay ! deep a%es3 !n1 ) _m te>s1 ,ga!r$ ! :ite bones ( _! g5tle fri5d1 ,& laid !m 9 a gold5 vase1 wrapp$ r\nd ,) caul1 a d\ble fold4 ,)9 ! t5ts ,!y plac$ !m s(tly1 wrapp$ 9 delicate lawn2 ,!n drew a circle = ! sepul*re1 ,&1 lay+ its f\ndations to enclose ,! pyre1 !y heap$ ! e>?1 &1 hav+ re>$ ,a m\nd1 )drew40 ,^! l9es are f ,william ,cull5 ,bryant's translation ( ! ,iliad1 & give "o a v good idea ( ! c9]ation ( a w>rior4 ,9 times ( peace ! favorite animals ( ! deceas$ 7 plac$ ) him on ! fun]al pile1 & he 0 cov]$ ) co/ly robes & rugs4 ,n infrequ5tly ! pyre 0 decorat$ ) an abundance ( fl[]s1 & ri* folks _h _! tr9kets & jewels ?r[n into ! fire4 ,! weapons ( w>riors 7 consum$ ) !m4 ,! extravagance at fun]als f9ally became s great among ! ,greeks t special laws _h to be enact$ to put a /op to x4 ,solon orda9$1 = in/ance1 t no m ?an ?ree robes & "o bull %\ld be plac$ ^u ! cremation pyre4 ,aft] ! bones 7 plac$ 9 an urn1 ! ,greeks cov]$ x ) ! fat ( ! animals t _h be5 slaught]$ at ! fun]al c]emonies1 to protect x f ! influ5ce ( ! atmosph]e4 ,_m ( ! celebrat$ m5 ( ,greece 7 cremat$3 ,solon1 ,alcibiades1 ,timoleon1 ,philopoem51 ,plut>*1 ,pyrrhus1 & _m o!rs4 ,accord+ to ,p9d> 7,ol4 #f1 #bc1 ,nem4 #i1 #ed71 dur+ ! combat ( ! ,sev5 aga9/ ,!bes1 fun]al pyres 7 burn+ at ea* ( ! sev5 gates ( ! city1 to consume ^? sla9 9 battle4 ,! hea!ns1 z !y are call$1 7 n to be *>g$ ) any lack ( respect to _! dep>t$ dead4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! mo/ t5d] s5tim5ts conceivable 7 atta*$ to ! practice ( cremation4 ,!re 0 a ,!ban regulation t no "o %\ld build a h\se )\t a specific repository = ! dead4 neas & ! o!r ,trojans1 :o escap$ ) him f ! burn+ city ( ! hundr$ gates 7z ,priam's capital 0 sometimes call$71 introduc$ cremation 7,virgil's neid1 ,b4 ,,iv1 #g7 into ,c>?age1 if x did n exi/ !re previ\s to _! arrival4 ,x is possible t ! inhabitants ( ,c>?age1 :i* 0 "o ( ! ,phnician cities 9 ,africa1 d]iv$ ! practice f ! "m-c\ntry4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! trag$y ( love1 9 :i* neas 0 involv$1 end$ ) ! suicide ( ,dido1 :o cremat$ h]self4 ,! elev5? book ( ! neas gives a description ( an inc9]ation among ! anci5t inhabitants ( ,latium4 ,self-cremation seems to h be5 "o ( ! favorite means ( dispos+ ( "o's self 9 anci5t times1 especially among ! royalty & ari/ocracy4 ,bo? tradition & hi/ory report ( _m wom51 fri5ds1 & s]vants :o1 ( _! own free w1 m\nt$ ! fun]al pyre ) ! dep>t$ head ( ! family4 ,besides ,h]cules & ,dido1 already m5tion$1 ,s>danapalus1 ! la/ k+ ( ! ,assyrians1 burn$ himself 9 ! ye> #fjj be=e ,*ri/1 because ! ,tigris _h de/roy$ ! =tifications ( besieg$ ,n9eveh1 & ! foll[+ also m\nt$ ! pyre = ! same purpose3 ,m>pessa1 ,polydora1 & ,cleopatra 7,vide ,pausanias1 #d1 #b71 ?ree noble wom5 ( ,mess5ia1 & ,euadne1 ! wife ( ,capaneus1 :o ?rew h]self into ! flames :i* consum$ h] husb&4 ,! pyre ( ,s>danapalus1 we are told1 0 v l>ge & conta9$ _m rooms1 :i* 7 elegantly furni%$1 & 9 :i* ! royal treasures 7 heap$ up1 be=e ! k+ ent]$ !m ) 8 wom51 :ile 8 s]vants set ! pile on fire4 ,x is well kn[n t ! wid[s ( ,india1 until v rec5tly1 p]i%$ ( _! own free w 9 ! flames t consum$ _! husb&s4 ,h]odotus /ates t ! wom5 ( ! ,?racians1 9 ,ea/]n ,europe1 :o 7 probably ( ,g]manic orig91 frequ5tly disput$ among !mselves z to :i* ( !m %\ld be all[$ to asc5d ! pyre toge!r ) ! deceas$ husb&4 none1 ! lawful wife ( ,p>is1 :om he _h =sak5 to live ) ,hel5 ! beautiful1 =got all h] grievances at ! sight ( 8 mis=tune4 ,:5 ! man1 :om %e _h =m]ly lov$ s ard5tly1 w\nd$ by ! arr[ ( ,philoctetes1 fl$ to h] into ! ,ida1 %e refus$ to cure him2 b :5 ! gre$y flames1 aft] dea?1 dev\r$ 8 =m1 %e volunt>ily asc5d$ ! pyre to int]mix h] a%es ) 84 ,?us are ! ways ( ! _w2 ! noble de$ ( ! fai?lessly des]t$ wife is h>dly ev] m5tion$1 b frivol\s ,hel5a 0 made ! subject ( _m works ( art1 & leads an immortal life 9 ! songs & poems ( man4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cremation ,,9 ,,calcutta4 ,! anci5t ,etruscans practic$ cremation1 bo? be=e & aft] ,etruria became a ,roman prov9ce2 !y1 no d\bt1 adopt$ x f ! ,greeks1 :o 7 fir/ _! rul]s & aft]w>d _! close neighbors4 ,! tombs ( ,etruria 7 ri* 9 art2 ! urns 9 :i* ! a%es ( ! dead 7 kept 7 ei!r ( alaba/] or bak$ clay1 ! latt] (t5 be+ decorat$ ) ta/y pa9t+s4 ,! anci5t ,lat9s1 9 turn1 borr[$ ! practice ( inc9]ation f ! ,etruscans4 ,accord+ to ,mazois1 "s c9]>y urns1 f\nd 9 ! neighborhood ( ,alba ,longa1 prove t ! cu/om ( burn+ ! dead 0 curr5t among ! orig9al population ( ,latium long be=e any record$ epo* ( ,italian hi/ory1 = ! place 9 :i* ^? urns 7 detect$ 0 cov]$ entirely ov] ) d5se lay]s ( lava1 :i* app>5tly came f ! m\nta9 ,albanus1 a volcano1 ! eruptions ( :i* h long be5 buri$ 9 oblivion4 ,! urns m5tion$ are especially notewor?y1 because _m ( !m be> pictures ( ! habitations ( ! e>lie/ resid5ts ( ,latium1 :i* %[s t cremation 0 kn[n to !m at t "t4 ,su* a hut ( ! aborig9es ( ,latium 0 pres]v$ = a long "t 9 ! capitol at ,rome & 0 reg>d$ ) great rev]5ce4 ,x is b natural t ! ,lat9s1 on becom+ ! f\nd]s ( ,rome1 %\ld h introduc$ inc9]ation into _! new home4 ,pl9y ass]ts t ! burn+ ( ! dead 0 n cu/om>y among ! ,romans ( old1 b ,virgil describes x z a usage t exi/$ long be=e ! f\ndation ( ,rome1 & ,ovid affirms t ! body ( ,remus 0 committ$ to ! flames4 ,cremation 0 n 9 g5]al favor among ! ,romans until t[>ds ! t]m9ation ( ! republic4 ,pl9y relates t ,sylla 7#gh ,b4,c47 0 ! fir/ ( ! patrician ,cornelians :o want$ 8 body to be burn$2 mo/ likely because he fe>$ t 8 rema9s w\ld be dealt ) z ^? ( ,m>ius _h be5 treat$1 ^: body 0 exhum$ by ! ord] ( ,sylla1 & ?r[n into a glutt$ g5]al grave4 ,dur+ ! decl9e ( ! republic & ! p]iod ( ! empire1 till ! accession ( ! ,*ri/ian emp]ors1 inc9]ation 0 v popul> 9 ,rome2 x 0 n only g5]al 9 ! capital1 b also 9 ! prov9ces4 ,julius ,caes>1 ,antonius1 ,brutus1 ,pompejus1 ,octavius1 ,augu/us1 ,tib]ius1 ,caligula1 ,n]o1 & ,pl9ius 7 cremat$4 ,! a%es ( ,tacitus1 ! model ( hi/orians1 :o 0 likewise consign$ to ! flames1 7 ca/ to ! w9ds 9 ! middle ages by ,pope ,pius ! ,fif?1 9 ord] to puni% ! h]etic4 ,j ?9k ( x6 a pontiff outrag+ a s*ol>'s rema9s to puni% him6 ,caligula & ,tib]ius 7 only p>tially burnt1 because !y _h be5 tyrants4 ,at ,n]o's obsequies x 0 b ) difficulty t ! tra9 a*iev$ complete cremation4 ,! ,roman ari/ocracy look$ ^u p>tial c9]ation z a great disgrace1 :i* adh]$ to ! respective family a long "t4 ,yet ?is infamy 0 (t5 met$ out to ! poor & un=tunate1 z we %all see lat] on4 ,dur+ plagues cremation 0 compulsory 9 ! city ( ,rome4 ,x is n my int5tion to describe 9 detail ! fun]al rites ( ! anci5t ,romans1 because a description ( cremation z practic$ by !m may be met ) 9 e encyclopdia4 ,moreov]1 a v good acc\nt ( inc9]ation1 z cu/om>y among ! ,romans ( old1 may be f\nd 9 ,"l ,bulw] ,lytton's 8,! ,la/ ,days ( ,pompeii40 ,x 0 ! fa%ion at ,rome to p\r fragrant oils & balsams ov] ! corpse be=e ! pyre 0 ignit$1 & to cov] x ) ,cyprus b\ghs4 ,previ\s to cremation1 ! corpse 0 envelop$ 9 asbe/os1 to keep ! a%es ( ! body sep>ate f ^? ( ! fun]al pile4 ,at times locks ( hair 7 sacrific$ to ! deceas$4 ,at la/ "o f+] ( ! defunct 0 amputat$1 to make c]ta9 t dea? _h tak5 place4 ,ev]y?+ be+ ready1 ! ne>e/ relative pres5t unclos$ ! eyes ( ! deceas$1 & !n lit ! pyre ) av]t$ face4 ,:ile ! flames rose to heav51 ! favorite animals ( him :o 0 n[ be+ consum$--dogs1 doves1 & ev5 horses--7 flung into ! fire4 ,co/ly robes & arms ( ! dead 7 consign$ to ! same fate4 ,dur+ ! e>ly p]iod ( ,roman hi/ory1 prison]s ( w> 7 also committ$ to ! flames4 ,! am\nt ( spices1 oils1 & balsams de/roy$ at inc9]ations 0 enorm\s4 ,pl9y reports t ,n]o us$ up m myrrh1 inc5se1 & o!r aromatics at ! cremation ( ,poppsa ?an c\ld be produc$ by entire ,arabia 9 "o ye>4 ,:ile cremation 0 practic$ 9 ,rome1 at ! "t ( ! empire1 ! m\rn+ g>m5ts 7 :ite2 b :5 inc9]ation 0 displac$ by int]m5t1 ! raim5t ( ! b]eav$ assum$ a black hue1 sombre z dea? itself4 ,! deceas$ poor ( ,rome 7especially ! wom5 & slaves7 7 treat$ %amefully aft] dea?4 ,m>tial av]s t inv>iably "o pile _h to s]ve = a l>ge numb]4 ,9 times ( pe/il5ce1 ?\s&s 7 s dispos$ (4 ,a cremation-gr\nd 0 provid$ = ! indig5t 9 a wret*$ suburb ^u ! ,esquil9e ,hill1 :i* 0 inhabit$ by ! outca/s ( society1 ! l[e/ pro/itutes1 execution]s1 necromanc]s1 & s =?4 ,^! localities 7 call$ cul9 by ! p1 ! lit]al translation ( :i* is 8roa/-places40 ,! att5dants 7 police-slaves1 ^: hair _h be5 %av$ (f1 & :o wore a br& on ! b>e pate4 ,^!1 hurry+ to & fro1 plac$ ! emaciat$ dead poor ^u "o ( ! _m fun]al piles2 h>dly s+$ by ! fire1 !y 7 tak5 f x & ?r[n into a univ]sal dit*4 ,to e t5 male corpses "o female body 0 add$1 :i* facilitat$ ! c9]ation by means ( ! great quantity ( adipose tissue :i* x conta9$4 ,! fun]als ( ! poor 7 g5]ally held at night4 ,! urns ( ! ri* 7 ( m>ble1 bronze1 & sometimes ( gold or silv]2 ^? ( ! poor 7 ( bak$ clay or glass4 ,glass urns1 enclos$ 9 o!rs ( lead1 7 discov]$ at ,pompeii4 ,! urns 7 g5]ally deposit$ 9 a tomb at ! roadside or plac$ 9 ! pigeon-hole ( a columb>ium4 ,^! columb>ia1 surr\nd$ by beautiful g>d5s1 7 situat$ on ! ,via ,appia1 ,aurelia1 ,flam9ia1 & ,lavicana4 ,! ,appian ,way 0 a favorite resort ( ! fa%ionable ,roman _w2 "h1 daily1 ev]-*ang+ life 0 se52 "h ! travell] took leave f ! rema9s ( 8 ance/ors2 "h1 too1 lov]s met & un=tunates took refuge4 ,^! columb>ia 7 subt]ranean *amb]s :i* s]v$ 7z ,i h already expla9$7 to hold ! a%es ( ! deceas$1 ! urns be+ deposit$ 9 ar*$ recesses1 hewn out 9 ! rock = ! purpose4 ,^! ni*es resembl$ pigeon-holes2 h5ce ! "n1 columb>ium4 ,! r>e beauty ( ^! columb>ia1 :i* may yet be se5 9 ! ,et]nal ,city1 l$ ,na?aniel ,haw?orne1 our great romanc]1 to exclaim t he w\ld n object to be+ dec5tly pigeon-hol$ 9 a ,roman tomb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cremation ,,9 ,,siam4 ,! late que5 & h] little daught] on ! pyre4 ,campana discov]$ columb>ia betwe5 ! ,porta ,lat9a & ! ,porta ,san ,seba/iana1 :i* are memorials ( ! "t ( ,augu/us4 ,!y conta9 n less ?an #djj inscriptions on m>ble1 commemorative ( ! dead1 & _m urns ( m>ble & t]ra cotta4 ,9 ! city ( ! ,caes>s ! a%es 7 plac$ 9 upright urns1 :ile 9 ,greece ! urns lay horizontally on ! gr\nd1 & 7 cov]$ ) rugs4 ,9 ,greece ! a%es 7 pres]v$ 9 beautiful mortu>y *amb]s 9 ! h\ses1 a cu/om t also obta9$ at ,rome to a c]ta9 ext5t4 ,! great contra/ betwe5 ! cremation ( ! opul5t & ! poor f9ally l$ to ! re-introduction ( e>?-burial1 :i*1 h[ev]1 /rangely en\gh1 0 co9cid5t ) ! decl9e & fall ( ! once mighty empire4 ,! la/ ,roman fun]al piles expir$ 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 :ile ! ,indo-,g]manic nations practic$ cremation till late 9 m$ival times4 ,! ,g]manic tribes & ! ,celts 7accord+ to ,tacitus & ,diodorus ( ,sicily7 burn$ _! dead )\t exception4 ,! te/imony ( ^! hi/orians is confirm$ by ,ovid 7,met41 ,lib4 ,,iii1 v4 #fai-fbj71 :o adds t cremation 0 highly e/eem$ by ^! peoples4 ,tacitus 7vide ,g]mania1 ,lib4 #cg71 writ+ "o hundr$ ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 relates t ! anci5t ,g]mans pref]r$ a pla9 fun]al to fun]eal pomp4 ,only ! bodies ( celebrat$ m5 7 c9]at$ ) "s o/5tation on pyres built ( c]ta9 co/ly k9ds ( wood4 ,!y nei!r ornam5t$ _! fun]al piles1 nor did !y use spices at cremations4 ,! arms ( e w>rior1 h[ev]1 & sometimes ! battle-horse1 7 burnt ) him4 ,an unadorn$ m\nd 0 rais$ ov] ! a%es1 & no?+ 0 left to m>k ! spot :]e "o ( _! k9 _h be5 laid to re/4 ,crim9als 7 n cremat$1 b put to dea?1 9 v>i\s ways2 traitors & des]t]s 7 hang$ to conv5i5t trees1 & c[>ds dr[n$ 9 swamps4 ,! ,?ur+ians burn$ _! dead z late z ! sev5? c5tury2 ! ,anglo-,saxons d[n to ! end ( ! eigh? c5tury4 ,! ,swabians1 ,franks1 ,lomb>ds1 ,o/rogo?s1 ,alemanni1 & ,burgundians dispos$ ( _! deceas$ by fire till #gdj ,a4,d4 ,w9frid1 or ,boniface1 ! s-call$ apo/le ( ! ,g]mans1 9 a lett] ref]s to ! cu/om ( fire-burial among ! ,saxons4 ,*>lemange1 :o br\ght ab\t ! conv]sion ( ! ,saxons by fire & sword1 made a special enactm5t aga9/ inc9]ation4 ,! cu/om ( cremation 0 s deep-root$ among ! ,saxons1 t ! dea?-p5alty _h to be set ^u its consummation 9 ord] to cause its aboli%m5t4 ,! anci5t ,li?uanians & ! =efa!rs ( ! pres5t ,prussians 7 wont to consign _! dead to ! flames4 ,:5 ! anci5t ,prussians 7 defeat$ by ! knights ( ! ,teutonic ord] 9 ! ye> ( our ,"l #abdi1 _! vanqui%]s caus$ !m to promise 9 writ+ t !y w\ld h5ce=?1 aft] cremat+ _! deceas$ ) horse1 armor1 & weapons1 collect ! rema9s & bury !m )9 ! *ur*y>d1 accord+ to ,*ri/ian usage4 ,!re is evid5ce to %[ t c9]ation ( ! dead 0 extant 9 ,we/]n ,prussia until aft] #acjj ,a4,d4 ,c9]>y urns1 conta9+ a%es1 7 discov]$ ne> ,dantzig1 ,prussia1 & 9 ,silesia4 ,9 ! c\rse ( =m+ a v9ey>d 9 ! neighborhood ( ,wass]billig1 ne> ,tri]1 num]\s graves 7 laid b>e1 9 "s ( :i* urns 7 f\nd ) ! rema9s ( cremat$ bodies2 9 o!rs1 skeletons4 ,9 ! =m] case ! c9]>y urns 7vide ,sanit>y ,record7 7 surr\nd$ by *alk/one slabs2 "o ( ! skeletons 0 conta9$ 9 a s>cophagus compos$ ( f\rte5 ro(-tiles4 ,n9e ( !m _h ! /amps ( ! manufactur]1 ! same names be+ giv5 z ^? ( ! manufactur]s :o furni%$ mat]ial = ! erection ( ! ,roman *ur* :i* =ms ! basis ( ! ca!dral ( ,tri]1 & = ! ,roman !rmal ba?s at ,/4 ,b>b>a4 ,judg+ f ^! circum/ances1 x is assum$ t ! tombs date f ! middle ( ! ?ird c5tury4 ,9 "o ( ! graves a small urn ) ! repres5tation ( a face 0 f\nd4 ,9 ,tri] itself1 a l>ge glass urn1 ) cov] & h&les1 0 rec5tly une>!d4 ,x is a relic ( ! ,romans4 ,:5 op5$ x 0 f\nd to conta9 bones4 ,beside ?is urn five vases ( bak$ clay & sev]al ornam5t$ lamps 7 f\nd4 ,! anci5t ,swiss 7 9 ! habit ( cremat+ _! defunct1 till ! ye> #ef be=e ,*ri/4 ,julius ,caes> reports t ! ,gauls burn$ _! dead ) sumptu\sness4 ,sev]al anci5t glass urns1 conta9+ calc9$ bones1 7 rec5tly f\nd betwe5 two r\nd /ones1 9 ! vic9ity ( ,*at5et1 ,france4 ,! ,slavonians obs]v$ inc9]ation f ! e>lie/ times to ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,:5 "o ( _! k+s di$1 ev]y?+ he might ne$ on awak5+ 9 p>adise 0 plac$ ) him on ! pyre4 ,beside intoxicat+ dr9ks1 weapons1 horses1 falcons1 male & female s]vants1 & 8 wives1 8 entire h\sehold--compris+ ! m9i/] ( /ate1 secret>y1 mate at dr9k+1 & physician--0 cremat$ ) him4 ,! ,slavonian woman 0 inv>iably burn$ ) ! corpse ( h] husb&2 b n vice v]sa1 ! husb& ) ! rema9s ( 8 wife4 ,:5 a ba*elor di$1 s+le wom5 7 sub/itut$ = sp\ses4 ,! *ronicles t h desc5d$ to u f ! monks affirm t ^! wom5 long$ = su* a dea?1 because !y hop$ to secure et]nal bless$ness !reby4 ,l>ge m\nds1 call$ ,kurgani1 7 erect$ ov] ! a%es ( ! cremat$4 ,^! m\nds may be se5 to-day 9 ! b\ndless /eppes ( ,russia1 :]e !y af=d a re/ = ! eyes f ! monoton\s sc5]y4 ,eckeh>dt relates t1 :5 ,g]many 0 invad$ by ! ,hung>ians 9 #ibe ,a4,d41 he witness$ ! intrud]s cremate ! bodies ( ! sla9 ^u rack-wagons4 ,! ,bohemians practic$ cremation z late z #ajjj ,a4,d4 ,! ,arab ,ibn ,=szlan1 :o 0 ambassador f 8 native l& to ! ,russians 9 ! ye> ( our ,"l #ibb1 /ates t he att5d$ ! c9]ation ( a man ( rank1 on ! banks ( ! ,volga ,riv]4 ,previ\s to ! cremation ! deceas$ 0 int]r$1 till ! robes ( /ate requisite = ! c]emony 7 f9i%$4 ,!n ! %ip ( ! dead 0 drawn a%ore1 ! defunct own] plac$ ^u a b5*1 :i* _h be5 cov]$ ) gorge\s rugs1 & suppli$ ) food1 intoxicat+ bev]ages1 & a numb] ( slaught]$ animals4 ,!reupon a "y girl1 :o _h volunt>ily (f]$ h]self = incremation 7probably to be ! companion ( ! deceas$ 9 ! o!r _w71 0 l$ abo>d &--aft] s++ a long *ant to ! p & dr9k+ a goblet ( mead--/rangl$ & /abb$ at ! same "t4 ,!n ! %ip 0 des]t$1 & set afire by ! ne>e/ relative1 :o p]=m$ ?is sad (fice ) av]t$ face4 ,!reupon e "o pres5t ?rew a burn+ piece ( wood ^u ! vessel1 :i* 0 soon consum$4 ,a m\nd 0 erect$ on ! site on :i* ! %ip _h /ood1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* a plank 0 plac$1 be>+ ! "n ( ! dep>t$4 ,old ,g]man *ronicl]s m5tion ! cremation ( ,attila1 ! k+ ( ! ,t>t> ,huns1 :o 0 burn$ :ile sitt+--fully arm$--^u 8 w>-horse4 ,x is /ill an undecid$ "q :e!r inc9]ation 0 g5]al among ! ,huns1 or only a royal honor4 ,! ,scy?ians & ,s>matians ( old r$uc$ _! dead to a%es1 z also did ! ,kurds1 till #abje ,a4,d42 & ! ,e/honians till #abbe4 ,cremation 0 likewise practic$ by ! anci5t ,sc&9avians1--m especially by ! ,norwegians & ,sw$es ?an by ! ,danes4 ,! national ,sc&9avian epic1 ! ,edda1 m5tions ! fun]al piles ( ,sigurdh & ,brynhilde4 ,! anci5t ,britons dispos$ ( _! dead by fire4 ,"s workm5 engag$ 9 excavations 9 ! bail )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ! old ,roman city at ,l9coln lately came across a crematorium & a s>cophagus4 ,9 ! latt] t5 urns 7 f\nd1 :i* conta9$ a%es & calc9$ bones4 ,! urns 7 ( diff]5t sizes & %apes1 & 7 all provid$ ) sauc]-%ap$ cov]s4 ,only "o ( !m1 h[ev]1 0 extract$ p]fect4 ,! int]ior ( ! s>cophagus 0 l9$ ) long1 ?9 bricks1 t p]i%$ on be+ expos$ to ! air4 ,! ,mexicans ( antiquity also c9]at$ _! deceas$4 ,inc9]ation 0 practic$ 9 ,india s9ce ! mo/ remote ages1 & is n[ z mu* 9 vogue 9 ?is c\ntry z x 0 9 ! e>lie/ times4 ,at ,calcutta1 ,bombay1 ,madras1--9 fact1 all ov] ,india1--cremation is execut$ daily4 ,! ,vi%navites burn _! dead2 ! wor%ipp]s ( ,siva bury !m1 deliv] !m up to bea/s ( prey1 or ?r[ !m into ! holy riv] ,ganges4 ,folks :o are too poor to dispose ( _! deceas$ by burn+1 also consign !m to ! waves ( ! holy /ream4 ,?is is done at night1 s9ce x is aga9/ ! law4 ,x is n unusual to see a :ole procession ( corpses float d[n ! ,ganges1 :ile cr[s fe$ on ! rema9s4 ,at ,calcutta1 cremation is p]=m$ )9 ! 8,burn+ ,ght10 outside ! city1 9 a wall$ enclosure :i* is frequ5t$ by numb]less vultures & o!r birds ( prey1 ne> ! ,hoogly1 z ! ,ganges is !reab\ts call$4 ,?is place is seldom visit$ by ! ,briti% inhabitants ( ,calcutta2 = !y reg>d ?is rude c9]ation 7prop]ly s7 f> too horrible to witness4 ,by ord] ( ! gov]nm5t1 a c9]ator 0 built on ! banks ( ! ,hoogly1 :i* is us$ only by a "p ( ! ,h9doo population4 ,! ,h9doos are h>d to wean f _! old-fa%ion$ me?od ( c9]ation 7:i* is sub/antially ! same z t practic$ by ! anci5t ,romans & ,greeks71 &1 !re=e1 seldom make use ( a c9]ator1 z ,mr4 ,william ,eassie 0 in=m$ by ! sanit>y commission] ( ,madras1 :]e a c9]>y app>atus _h also be5 erect$4 ,! commission]1 h[ev]1 0 ( ! op9ion t if ! ,siem5s pr9ciple ( a furnace 7 exhibit$ be=e ! educat$ ,h9doos1 !y w\ld v probably adopt x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cremation ,,among ,,! ,,tolkot9s ,,( ,,oregon4 ,?anks to ! ef=ts ( ! ,briti% au?orities 9 ,india1 imp]fect cremation is a ?+ ( ! pa/ !re4 ,cic]o already relates t ! wid[s ( ! ,h9doos all[ !mselves to be c9]at$ ) ! rema9s ( _! husb&s4 ,self-cremation ( ,indian wid[s does n occur n[adays2 ! b>b>ic cu/om has be5 put d[n by ! ,engli%4 ,x 0 n be=e #ahca t ! ,engli% gov]nm5t 9 ,h9do/an attempt$ to aboli% ! practice ( burn+ wid[s2 & up to t "t1 z ,max ,muell] obs]ves1 8wom5 7 burn$ :olesale1 ev5 9 ! imm$iate neighborhood ( ,calcutta40 ,b ! cu/om 0 probably n ext]m9at$ be=e late 9 ! sixties--#ahfh or #fi4 ,cremation 0 practic$ on ! isle ( ,ceylon z late z #ahda4 ,! p ( ,burmah cremate _! ri* dead1 & inhume ! poor or consign !m to a /ream4 ,p]sons ( rank are embalm$ be=e inc9]ation1 & plac$ on exhibition 9 a conv5t or temple = six weeks4 ,at ! fun]al1 ! body is borne 9 a c(f9 on ! %\ld]s ( m51 :o are prec$$ by female m\rn]s *ant+ an epic$e4 ,! corpse is foll[$ by ! relatives4 ,:5 ! sl[ly mov+ tra9 arrives at ! pyre1 :i* is commonly six or eight feet high1 ! rema9s are plac$ ^u x2 ! wood ( ! fun]al pile is g5]ally laid crosswise1 to br+ ab\t a /rong] draught ( air4 ,! pyre is set on fire by ! att5d+ prie/s1 :o pray be=e x until ! body is de/roy$2 !n ! bones are collect$ & int]r$4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,w4 ,eassie1 :5 a ,buddhi/ prie/ ( rank dies 9 ,burmah1 ! body is embalm$ 9 honey1 laid 9 /ate = a "t1 & !n sometimes bl[n up ) gunp[d]1 toge!r ) its he>se4 ,miss ,feudge ass]ts t ! inhabitants ( ,pegu & ,laos also cremate _! dead4 ,9 ,siam1 cremation has und\bt$ly exi/$ s9ce primeval times4 ,x is a univ]sal cu/om1 practic$ bo? by ! common p & ! ari/ocracy2 ev5 ! k+s are inc9]at$4 ,crawfurd /ates t 9 ,siam ! a%es are sometimes int]r$ 9 ! gr\nds surr\nd+ ! temples1 & a small pyramidal m\nd erect$ ov] !m4 ,:5 "o ( ! ,dayakkese inhabitants ( ,borneo dies1 ! body is deposit$ 9 a c(f91 & rema9s 9 ! h\se till ! son1 ! fa!r1 or ! ne>e/ ( k9 c procure or pur*ase a slave1 :o is behead$ at ! "t t ! corpse is burn$1 9 ord] t he may become ! s]vant ( ! deceas$ 9 ! next _w4 ,! a%es ( ! dep>t$ are !n plac$ 9 an e>!n urn1 :i* is adorn$ ) v>i\s figures2 & ! head ( ! slave is desiccat$1 & prep>$ 9 a peculi> mann] ) camphor & drugs1 & plac$ ne> x4 ,x is said t ?is practice induces ! ,dayakkese to buy a slave guilty ( "s capital crime1 at fivefold 8 value1 9 ord] t !y may be able to put him to dea? on su* occasions4 ,cremation is an e/abli%$ & "t-honor$ usage 9 ,japan1 n[ ! olde/ empire 9 ! _w4 ,"h all inc9]ation e/abli%m5ts are "u gov]nm5t control1 & are to be f\nd n only 9 all ! *ief cities1 b also 9 ! prov9ces4 ,! ,japanese gov]nm5t1 ) %rewd appreciation ( ! advantages ( sanit>y laws1 has ( late ye>s c>efully fo/]$ ! practice4 ,s9ce ! e>lie/ times1 cremation is univ]sal among ! ,japanese4 ,be=e ! introduction ( ,buddhism1 ! ,%9to doctr9e 0 ! preval5t sy/em ( fai? & wor%ip 9 ,japan4 ,?is religion held sacr$1 beside a small numb] ( dome/ic gods1 a long s]ies ( celebrat$ hi/orical p]sonages1 :o 7 wor%ipp$ aft] _! decease4 ,x taught t ! mikado 7emp]or7 desc5d$ f ! gods1 & he 0 its cl]ical sup]ior4 ,?is doctr9e1 ( c\rse1 0 n favorable to cremation2 & t acc\nts = ! abs5ce ( ! latt] prior to ! introduction ( ,buddhism4 ,beg9n+ ) ! ye> ( our ,"l #eeb1 attempts 7 made1 ) v>y+ success1 to e/abli% ,buddhism 9 ,japan4 ,9 #fbd1 ,buddhism 0 (ficially recogniz$2 ! c\rt be/[+ ! title ( high-prie/ ^u two prie/s :o _h come f ,hakusai4 ,! new doctr9e spread ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! ,*9ese lit]ature t circulat$ 9 ! c\ntry2 & soon temples _h to be built to accommodate ! conv]ts4 ,9 #gjj ,a4,d41 ,d%o1 a high-prie/ ( a temple at ,n>a1 9 ! prov9ce ,yamato1 ord]$ 8 pupils to burn 8 body aft] dea?1 & x 0 done4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ cremation 9 ,japan4 ,?ree ye>s lat]1 ! corpse ( ! empress ,jito 0 inc9]at$2 h] example 0 foll[$ by #da emp]ors & empresses1 :o occupi$ ! ?rone f t p]iod till ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! la/ mikado ^: body 0 burn$1 0 ,goyozei1 :o reign$ f #aehg till #afaj ,a4,d4 ,at ?is "t mu* att5tion 0 paid to ! doctr9es ( ,confucius1 :i* are z unfavorable to c9]ation z ! ,%9to doctr9e4 ,9 ! n9? c5tury ,buddhism made consid]able headway ?r\gh ! ef=ts ( ,kobo1 a prie/4 ,up to ! f\rte5? c5tury1 h[ev]1 ,buddhism rema9$ ! religion ( ! milit>y & ! ari/ocracy2 ! common p knew no?+ ( x4 ,x owes its adoption among all classes ( ,japan1 to ! ardu\s labors ( two mission>ies1 ,%9ran & ,ni*ir51 :o became ! f\nd]s ( great sects1 & :o _h _! corpses burn$ z an example = _! pupils4 ,cremation is fa/ becom+ g5]al 9 ,japan1 burial m & m obsolete4 ,at ! pres5t "t ! numb] ( bodies dispos$ ( by inc9]ation is v great4 ,! greate/ numb] ( believ]s 9 cremation are f\nd among ! ,%9 & ,yoto sects1 likewise among ! ,z51 ,t5dai1 & ,ni*ir5 sects2 ! fewe/1 among ! ,%+on sect4 ,inc9]ation is1 h[ev]1 n compulsory among ^! religi\s d5om9ations4 ,9 #ahfh1 :5 ! %ogun 7comm&]-9-*ief7 0 depos$ by ! revolutioni/s1 :5 ! mikado re-obta9$ 8 =m] au?ority & ! p[] ( ! almo/ indep5d5t pr9ces ( ! prov9ces 0 de/roy$1 ! gov]nm5t attempt$ to re-e/abli% ! ,%9to religion4 ,among o!r measures !y prohibit$ inc9]ation 7,july #bc1 #ahgc71 claim+ t x 0 contr>y to ! ,%9to doctr9e4 ,!y soon discov]$ t x 0 impossible to c>ry out ! int]diction1 &1 !re=e1 revok$ x 7,may #bc1 #ahge71 grant+ !reby1 z x 71 religi\s fre$om to ,japan4 ,! "y g5]ation ( ! ,japanese physicians & naturali/s reg>d c9]ation f a sanit>y /&po9t1 & con/antly urge ! gov]nm5t to promote its int]e/s on hygi5ic gr\nds4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cremation ,,among ,,! ,,?l9kets ,,9 ,,alaska4 ,x mu/ be conc$$ t ! ,japanese mode ( cremation is by f> sup]ior to ! me?od ( ! ,h9doos1 :o /ill adh]e to ! anci5t fun]al-pile4 ,! co/ ( inc9]ation is small4 ,! body is r$uc$ to a%es completely ?\gh sl[ly1 & ! process takes place 9 clean1 well-kept1 clos$ build+s1 9 a mann] :i*1 z f> z ! simple arrangem5ts p]mit1 (f5ds nei!r ! eye nor ! olfactories4 ,at ,osaka cremation is c>ri$ on 9 /one furnaces1 :i* are clos$ by iron slid+-doors4 ,!re are ?ree l>ge crematories1 situat$ at ! outskirts ( ! city2 !y are enclos$ by high walls1 & :5 se5 f a di/ance1 if x 7 n = ! *imneys #fj feet high1 "o w\ld take !m to be temples4 ,! pr9cipal crematory conta9s tw5ty l>ge furnaces1 ea* ( :i* is capable ( r$uc+ ?ree bodies2 ?us x is evid5t #fj bodies c be inc9]at$ at ! same "t4 ,! corpse is plac$ ^u an iron grate1 ! fire be+ und]nea?1 & cov]$ ) a /raw mat1 t has be5 previ\sly saturat$ ) salt wat]4 ,inc9]ation "u ^! circum/ances is said to be entirely satisfactory4 ,! cremations beg9 at #aa ,p4,m41 & are f9i%$ at #c ,a4,m4 ,at ,tokio1 & mo/ ( ! o!r cities1 a black e>!nw>e urn is fa%ionable2 b 9 ! prov9ce ,totomi ! a%es are plac$ 9 an urn ( r$ color4 ,:5 ! ,asiatic *ol]a rag$ 9 ,japan 9 #ahgg1 ! p 7 compell$ by ! au?orities to cremate its victims4 ,b ! sanit>y measure met ) no resi/ance1 its wisdom be+ recogniz$ ev5 by ! l[] classes ( ! p4 ,by ! decree1 mak+ cremation obligatory 9 times ( *ol]a1 ! ,japanese gov]nm5t has giv5 an example ( sanit>y legislation :i* %\ld be imitat$4 ,mo/ ( ! books on cremation in=m u t inc9]ation 0 & is n practic$ 9 ,*9a4 ,?is is an error4 ,m>co ,polo repeat$ly ass]ts 7,travels4 ,new ,york3 ,h>p] ,bros41 #ahde4 pp4 #aec1 #aee1 #aeh1 #aei1 #afj7 t ! ,*9ese :]ev] he travell$ 7 9 ! habit ( burn+ _! dead4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,*9ese hi/orical works make no m5tion ( ! practice1 & burial is ! almo/ univ]sal cu/om at pres5t4 ,! books 9 :i* ! subject ( cremation is treat$ only speak ( x z be+ practic$ ^u ! bodies ( ,buddhi/ prie/s & lep]s4 ,9 ! la/ issue ( ! ,*9ese imp]ial m>itime cu/oms m$ical reports1 ,dr4 ,a4 ,h5ry contributes "s rem>ks ^u cremation 9 t c\ntry4 ,9 only "o ( ! _m ,buddhi/ temples at ! t[n :]e ,dr4 ,h5ry is /ation$1 are ! bodies ( ! inmates burn$ aft] dea?4 ,! me?od ( inc9]ation is comm5dable z effici5t1 /hetic1 & inexp5sive2 b x is too sl[ except = ,buddhi/ prie/s 9 ,*9a4 ,9 ! gr\nds ( ! temple is a small dome-l edifice1 ! int]ior ( :i* communicates ) ! op5 air by a small door only--a *>coal kiln1 9 fact4 ,! dead prie/ is plac$ 9 a sitt+ po/ure inside ! dome1 & *>coal & firewood are pil$ ar\nd him2 fire is appli$1 & ! door is %ut until combu/ion is complete4 ,*ildr5 are sometimes burn$1 b = sup]/iti\s reasons only4 ,:5 sev]al "y *ildr5 ( a family h di$ 9 succession1 ! body ( "o ( !m is burn$1 "u ! belief t ! c]emony w insure ! survival ( ! next *ild born to ! family4 ,9 ^! cases ! body is simply br\ght to an op5 field 9 a box1 & plac$ ^u firewood1 :i* is ignit$4 ,al?\gh inc9]ation is kn[n 9 ,corea1 ! mo/ usual way ( dispos+ ( ! dead is by inhumation4 ,mr4 ,c>les1 9 an (ficial report ( a j\rney into ! c5tral prov9ces ( ,corea1 says3-- 8,at "o village ! rema9s ( ! body ( an old woman :o _h be5 eat5 by a tig]1 7 be+ burnt 9 a fire ( bru%wood light$ on ! spot40 ,cremation 9 ,am]ica is n a novelty4 ,:5 ,i began to inve/igate ! subject ( cremation among ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 ,i 0 at fir/ q disappo9t$2 & well ,i might h be51 = ,s*oolcraft 7,hi/ory ( ! ,indian ,tribes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,vol4 ,i1 p4 #ch7 ass]ts3-- 8,! inc9]ation ( ! bodies ( ! dead 0 n practic$ on ?is cont95t1 ev5 9 ! tropics2 & is a rite unkn[n to ! tribes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates40 ,al?\gh slightly di%e>t5$1 ,i cont9u$ my se>* = in=mation1 & 0 9 consequ5ce spe$ily rew>d$4 ,john ,mc,intosh 7,! ,orig9 ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians4 ,new ,york1 #ahec4 p4 #afd7 /ates3-- 8,! bodies ( ^? :o die 9 w> are burn$1 & _! a%es br\ght back to be laid 9 ! bury+-place ( _! fa!rs40 ,my /udies 9 ?is direction1 h[ev]1 receiv$ ! greate/ impetus ?r\gh ,dr4 ,h4 ,c4 ,y>r['s excell5t 8,introduction to ! ,/udy ( ,mortu>y ,cu/oms among ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians0 7,wa%+ton ,gov]nm5t ,pr9t+ ,(fice1 #ahhj1 pp4 #di to #ei71 :i* 0 k9dly s5t to me by ! au?or1 & f :i* ,i obta9$ mu* valuable in=mation4 ,dr4 ,h4 ,c4 ,y>r[ affirms t cremation 0 p]=m$ to a consid]able ext5t among ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 especially ^? liv+ on ! nor!rn slope ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s2 b also 7z indisputable evid5ce proves7 among ! m ea/]n ones4 ,! ,ni%9ams ( ,cali=nia1 ! ,tolkot9s ( ,oregon1 ! ,se-nl ( ,cali=nia1 & ! ,cocopa tribe on ! ,colorado ,riv]1 practice cremation4 ,! ,unotello ,indians ( ,oregon also inc9]ate _! dead4 ,on ,oct4 #i1 #ahhd1 sev]al ( !m got drunk at ,la/9e1 ,ore41 & engag$ 9 a bloody fight4 ,"o 0 cut to dea?1 & two o!rs badly sla%$4 ,! ,indians burn$ ! body ( _! dead comrade1 & held a w>-dance :ile ! body 0 sl[ly consum$4 ,mr4 ,george ,gibbs av]s t ! ,indians ( ,cle> ,lake1 ,cal41 burn _! dead ^u scaffolds built ov] a hole1 into :i* ! a%es are ?r[n & cov]$4 ,! ,digg] ,indians h a que] cu/om2 !y mix ! a%es ( ! dead ) gum1 & sme> !m on ! heads ( ! m\rn]s4 ,! ,coman*es also burn _! dead4 ,! ,indian me?od ( cremation is l t ( ! anci5ts2 ! corpse is burnt on a pyre six feet high1 amid/ exclamations ( grief & sorr[1 fun]al songs & dances4 ,inc9]ation is curr5t among "s ( ! native tribes ( ,alaska1 pr9cipally among ! ,?l9kets4 ,9 ! summ] ( #ahhd1 ,i receiv$ a lett] f a =m] fell[-/ud5t ( m9e1--,dr4 ,hugh ,s4 ,wyman1--:o 0 !n assi/ant surgeon 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,m>9e ,hospital ,s]vice1 & /ation$ at ,sitka1 ,alaska4 ,?is missive conta9$ ! foll[+3-- 8,! ,?l9ket ,indians cremate _! dead 9 e in/ance except "o--t ( ! ,indian doctor1 ^: body is nev] burn$1 b plac$ 9 a sort ( #8ca*e1' con/ruct$ ( timb]1 above gr\nd4 ,c>v+s ( images1 etc41 repres5t+ ! family hi/ory1 are made on ! grave1 or a tall pole is erect$ by ! side1 ) a r$ flag4 ,) ! body ( ! doctor are plac$ all 8 p]sonal effects4 ,^! are suppos$ to rema9 undi/urb$2 b ! empty appe>ance ( ! ca*es & ! skulless skeletons ( ! few graves ,i h visit$1 ) a curiosity to look inside1 h l$ me to believe t ! effects & body d n always lie unmole/$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,indian ,,c9]>y ,,urn4 ,f\nd 9 ,k5tucky4 ,illu/ration3 ,,indian ,,c9]>y ,,urn4 ,f\nd 9 ,indiana4 ,illu/ration3 ,,indian ,,c9]>y ,,urn4 ,f\nd 9 ,georgia4 ,illu/ration3 ,,indian ,,c9]>y ,,urn4 ,f\nd at ,lake ,nic>agua4 8,! cremation ( a ,?l9ket takes place 9 op5 air4 ,! body1 aft] ly+ 9 /ate = a few days1 is tak5 out ( ! h\se ?r\gh "s op5+ made = ! purpose1 nev] ?r\gh ! regul> entrance4 ,x is plac$ on a pile ( logs1 :i* are ignit$1 & ! corpse roll$ ab\t ) long poles until ?or\ghly consum$4 8,! c]emonies att5d+ cremation v>y v mu*1 accord+ to ! /&+ ( ! deceas$1 age1 sex1 & s on4 8,! only reason ,i h ev] he>d giv5 by ! ,indians :y !y cremate 0 t if n burn$1 ! body w\ld always rema9 cold 9 ! happy hunt+-gr\nds4 8,i 0 unable to f9d out :y !y d n burn doctors4 8,i believe cremation among ! civiliz$ w necess>ily become g5]ally practic$ 9 ! future1 & )\t ideas ( horror1 :5 p are m fully enlight5$1 especially 9 hygi5ic pr9ciples40 ,9 rec5t times1 ! mission>ies are try+ to put a /op to cremation 9 ,alaska4 ,?is is a great mi/ake2 & !y w f9d x out be=e long4 ,! mission>ies %\ld endeavor to d :at ! ,engli% 9 ,india h done & are do+ /ill--attempt to sub/itute sci5tific inc9]ation = ! crude anci5t me?od ( burn+ ! dead on pyres4 ,& 9 ?is und]tak+1 ,i am sure1 !y w\ld h ! support ( ! mo/ intellig5t among ! ,indians4 ,! natives ( ,alaska1 no d\bt1 le>n$ by "s t]rible1 nev]-to-be-=gott5 exp]i5ce ! dang]s & evils ( burial 9 ! gr\nd2 &1 al?\gh _! me?od ( obviat+ ^! dang]s & evils is rude & b>b>ic1 ! pr9ciple :i* impell$ !m to adopt cremation is "r4 ,! fir/ ,caucasian :o 0 cremat$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 ,colonel ,h5ry ,laur5s1 :o 0 ! presid5t ( ! fir/ ,congress1 :i* conv5$ at ,philadelphia 9 #aggd2 he 0 also a memb] ( ! milit>y family ( ,g5]al ,wa%+ton4 ,laur5s 0 ( ,hugu5ot desc5t1 born 9 ,*>le/on1 ,s4 ,c41 9 #agbd1 & em95t z a /atesman be=e & dur+ ! ,revolution>y ,w>4 ,he 0 educat$ 9 "o ( ! be/ univ]sities ( ,europe1 & al?\gh foll[+ ! vocation ( a m]*ant dur+ _m ye>s1 he a*iev$ great di/9ction z a writ] on political topics2 8 pamphlets on ! public que/ions ( ! "t receiv$ mu* consid]ation4 ,appo9t$ m9i/] to ,holl&1 he 0 tak5 captive on ! voyage ?i!r by a ,briti% man-(-w>1 & 0 imprison$ = "s "t 9 ! ,t[] z a rebel4 ,among 8 visitors !re 0 a fri5d ( o!r ye>s1 ,edmund ,burke1 by ^: influ5ce he 0 f9ally set free4 ,"o ( ,laur5s' daught]s _h1 :5 a *ild1 app>5tly di$ ( small-pox1 b1 be+ plac$ ne> an op5 w9d[1 %e reviv$4 ,s9ce ?is occurr5ce1 ! colonel liv$ 9 con/ant fe> ( be+ buri$ alive1 & !re=e reque/$ 8 daught]s1 by an injunction & detail$ directions giv5 9 8 w1 to burn 8 body aft] dea?2 8 f]v5t wi% 0 c>ri$ out 9 8 g>d5 at ,*>le/on1 ,s4 ,c41 9 #agib4 ,! second to be burn$ 0 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,b>ry1 :o liv$ & 0 c9]at$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ,m>ion1 ,s4 ,c4 ,9 ! spr+ or w9t] ( #ahee1 ,c\nt ,pfeil1 a ,g]man ari/ocrat1 !n proprietor ( a f>m 9 ! neighborhood ( ,milwaukee1 attempt$ to inc9]ate ! corpse ( 8 wife 9 accordance ) h] own reque/4 ,he accord+ly erect$ a fun]al pile 9 8 own y>d1 on ! soil t he own$4 ,:5 8 int5tion to burn 8 wife became kn[n among ! f>m]s 9 ! vic9ity1 !re 0 a great upro>2 !y f9ally w5t s f> z to m>* 9 a body to ! resid5ce ( ! c\nt1 & to decl>e t !y w\ld mob him if he w\ld d>e to execute ! cremation4 ,he !n propos$1 s9ce ! matt] 0 creat+ a di/urbance 9 ! neighborhood1 to transf] ! inc9]ation to ! lake %ore4 ,b ! prejudice ( ! f>m]s 0 s great t !y w\ld accept no compromise4 ,!y f9ally petition$ ! gov]nor1 & 7 successful 9 obta9+ a decree prohibit+ ! cremation4 ,! c\nt1 disgu/$ at ! lack ( our boa/$ lib]ty1 int]r$ 8 wife1 sold 8 e/ate1 & dep>t$ = ,europe4 ,! ?ird r$uc$ to a%es 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 ! ,b>on de ,palm1 pr9ce ( ! ,holy ,roman ,empire1 a native ( ,augsburg1 ,bav>ia1 :o 0 inc9]at$ 9 ! ,le ,moyne crematory at ,wa%+ton1 ,pa41 on ! #f? ( ,decemb]1 #ahgf4 ,! b>on _h di$ at ! age ( sixty-sev5 at ,new ,york1 9 ,may1 #ahge1 & 8 body _h be5 imm$iately embalm$ & plac$ 9 ! receiv+ vault ( ! ,lu!ran cemet]y1 :]e x 0 kept until ! ,le ,moyne crematorium 0 f9i%$4 ,on ?is day m5tion$1 _m memb]s ( ! secul> press1 & delegations f v>i\s sci5tific & sanit>y societies1 assembl$ at ! crematory to witness ! c9]ation ( ! defunct nobleman2 _m ( ! lead+ newspap]s ( ?is c\ntry1 & also ( ,france1 ,g]many1 & ,engl&1 7 repres5t$4 ,ab\t #cj invitations _h be5 issu$1 & _m memb]s ( ! prom95t bo>ds ( heal? 7 pres5t4 ,! fires _h be5 />t$ at two o'clock 9 ! morn+4 ,on op5+ ! casket x 0 f\nd t ! weight ( ! body _h be5 r$uc$ f #age to #ib p\nds4 ,at #bg m9utes pa/ eight o'clock1 ev]y?+ be+ pron\nc$ ready1 ! body1 ly+ 9 ! iron cradle & cov]$ ) a %r\d 7:i* _h previ\sly be5 soak$ 9 an alum solution1 to prev5t its too rapid ignition71 & decorat$ ) fl[]s & ev]gre51 0 consign$ to ! retort1 :i* 0 in/antly %ut4 ,! actual temp]ature ( ! retort c\ld n be asc]ta9$1 z no pyromet] 0 at h&2 x 01 no d\bt1 a little ov] #bjjj ,fahr5heit4 ,?r\gh a small op5+ 9 ! ca/-iron door1 :i* clos$ ! retort1 an occasional glimpse ( ! int]ior 0 obta9$1 & ! effect ( ! heat ^u ! body obs]v$4 ,9 ab\t #ae m9utes ! aque\s vapor _h all be5 expell$1 leav+ ! %r\d completely *>r$1 b /ill reta9+ its =m suffici5tly to completely conceal ! outl9es ( ! body4 ,9 an h\r ! outl9es ( ! prom95t bones 7 pla9ly visible1 & an h\r lat] ! inc9]ation 0 complete1 b x 0 deem$ advisable to cont9ue ! heat = f\r h\rs f ! "t ! body _h be5 fir/ plac$ 9 ! furnace4 ,:5 la/ se51 mu* ( ! =m ( ! body _h rema9$1 ow+ to ! exclusion ( ! atmosph]ic air4 ,dur+ ! burn+1 ! ord9>y draft ( ! furnace 0 increas$ by means ( a fan-bl[]4 ,! body 0 n remov$ f ! furnace until "s #bd h\rs _h elaps$1 to all[ ! retort to cool4 ,dur+ ! entire process !re 0 no (f5sive odor1 ei!r at ! top ( ! *imney or else:]e4 ,! cremation 0 entirely satisfactory1 & no?+ ( an unpleasant nature occurr$4 ,! residue left1 aft] ! inc9]ation 0 complet$1 0 ?ree p9ts ( a%es1 :i* 7 c>efully collect$1 &1 aft] be+ spr9kl$ ) p]fume1 7 deposit$ 9 an antique vase1 :i* 0 deliv]$ to ! (fic]s ( ! ,!osophical ,society 9 att5dance1 ( :i* ! b>on 0 a memb]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,crematory ,,at ,,wa%+ton1 ,,pa4 ,=ty bu%els ( coke 7 consum$ 9 burn+ ,b>on ,palm1 ! :ole co/ ( ! op]ation be+ #g4jd4 ,9 ! aft]noon a meet+ 0 held at ,wa%+ton1 presid$ ov] by ,j4 ,lawson ,judson1 ,esq41 at :i* addresses 7 made by ,colonel ,olcott on ! hi/ory ( cremation2 ,rev4 ,george ,p4 ,hayes 7presid5t ( ! ,wa%+ton & ,jeff]son ,college7 on ! be>+ ( ! ,bible & ,*ri/ianity ^u ! subject ( cremation2 ,dr4 ,james ,k+ on inc9]ation f a sanit>y po9t ( view2 ,dr4 ,le ,moyne on ! g5]al advantages ( cremation2 ,boyd ,crum9e1 ,esq41 :o spoke ( ! popul> prejudices aga9/ ?is me?od ( dispos+ ( ! dead2 & ,mr4 ,ni*olas ,k4 ,wade1 :o allud$ to ! me*anical necessities ( a p]fect cremation4 ,x is to be regrett$ t s _m ( ! p]sons :o att5d$ ?is inc9]ation _h a preconceiv$ notion ( ! practice1 :i* r5d]$ !m totally unfit to judge ( x4 ,be+ prejudic$ f ! beg9n+1 x is n at all surpris+ t !y %\ld h giv5 unsatisfactory1 highly s5sational1 & misrepres5t+ acc\nts ( ! affair to ! _w2 b z ,mr4 ,w4 ,eassie p]t95tly rem>ks1 ! same ?+ has occurr$ 9 e case ( mod]n cremation up to ! pres5t "t1 & w1 no d\bt1 cont9ue until ! re=m is m commonly practic$4 ,! f\r? body t 0 cremat$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 ,mrs4 ,jane ,pitman1 f ,c9c9nati1 :o 0 de/roy$ 9 ! ,le ,moyne crematorium1 ,feb4 #f1 #ahgg4 ,! fif? dispos$ ( by fire 9 ,am]ica 0 ,dr4 ,w9sl[1 ( ,cali=nia1 :o 0 burn$ at ,salt ,lake ,city on ! #ca/ ( ,july1 #ahgg1 9 a primitive furnace tempor>ily erect$ ?r\gh 8 reque/ by ! adm9i/rators ( 8 e/ate4 ,! six? 0 a *ild ( ,mr4 ,julius ,kir*]1 :o cremat$ x 9 8 ov5 at ,new ,york ,city1 9 ! fall ( #ahgg4 ,! ,le ,moyne crematory 0 clos$ to ! g5]al public ,aug4 #a1 #ahhd4 ,aft] t date no bodies 7 receiv$ by ! tru/ees ( ! crematorium1 outside ( ,wa%+ton ,c\nty1 = cremation4 ,bodies 7 admitt$ to ! ,le ,moyne furnace = inc9]ation f all p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 only 9 ord] to c>ry out ,dr4 ,le ,moyne's view ( re=m--keep+ ! subject be=e ! public4 ,s9ce ! int]e/ manife/$ by ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! subject ( cremation is spe$ily gr[+1 o!r crematories are build+ :]e ! public w be accommodat$2 & z ! bus9ess increas$ to su* an ext5t t x occupi$ m "t ?an ! tru/ees c\ld possibly devote to x1 !y 7 compell$ to limit ! use ( ! crematory4 ,h]eaft]1 !re=e1 no body w be cremat$ 9 ?is furnace1 :o has n liv$ )9 ! c\nty 9 :i* ,dr4 ,le ,moyne liv$ & di$4 ,& :]eas n "o ( ! p]sons consum$ 9 ?is crematorium 7except ! own] himself7 hail$ f ,wa%+ton ,c\nty1 we may presume t ?is pione] furnace ( cremation 9 ,am]ica has be5 clos$ =ev]4 ,( all ! cremations :i* took place 9 ! ,le ,moyne furnace1 t ( ,pr(essor ,s4 ,d4 ,gross1 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 attract$ ! greate/ att5tion4 ,x 0 9 accordance ) 8 express$ wi% t he 0 committ$ to ! flames4 ,he m ?an once decl>$ he _h no desire t "s 8curi\s imp]t95t0 %\ld1 a hundr$ ye>s h5ce1 h& ar\nd 8 jawbone = inspection & comm5t1 & to avoid su* a cont+5cy he gave positive directions = ! burn+ ( 8 body4 ,cremation z a mode ( dec5tly dispos+ ( ! dead c\ld receive approval f no high] s\rce1 & 9 no m conspicu\s mann]1 ?an 9 ! disposition ( 8 rema9s by t means4 ,dr4 ,gross /ood )\t a pe] among 8 fell[s2 he 0 v5]at$ n only by ! m$ical pr(ession ( ,am]ica1 b ev5 by physicians ( =eign l&s4 ,he 0 to ! pr(ession ( m$ic9e :at ,*>les ,o',connor 0 to ! pr(ession ( law1 & 8 delib]ate *oice ( inc9]ation 9 pref]5ce to burial attract$ wide & respectful att5tion ev5 9 s cons]vative a class z doctors4 ,p]haps no man ev] drew brea? :o 0 bett] qualifi$ to express an op9ion on ?is subject4 ,:o is s well entitl$ to =m a correct op9ion z ! man :o = ne>ly ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury _h ! close/ possible relations ) ! dy+ & ! dead8 ,t 8 example gave a new impetus to inc9]ation !re is no room to d\bt4 ,he s\ght to be a tea*] ev5 aft] 8 dea?2 he want$ to b5efit 8 race ev5 9 8 decease4 ,p]haps he believ$ t o!rs might foll[ :]e he l$1 z !y _h done 9 life4 ,o!rs w foll[ 8 example1 & ! "w g on until ! pres5t cu/om %all give way to ! bett] "o4 ,x may be long be=e t "t comes1 b come x w4 ,on its way to ,wa%+ton1 ,pa41 ! body 0 accompani$ by ,mr4 ,a4 ,h4 ,gross & ,dr4 ,horwitz4 ,!re 7 no c]emonies at ! inc9]ation1 & ! rema9s 7 r$uc$ to a%es 9 two h\rs4 ,! a%es weigh$ ab\t sev5 p\nds1 7 h]metically seal$ 9 a t9 box1 & plac$ 9 ! c(f9 9 :i* ! body 0 c>ri$ to ,wa%+ton4 ,on rea*+ ,philadelphia ! c(f9 0 remov$ to ! late resid5ce ( ,dr4 ,gross1 & subsequ5tly ! a%es 7 enclos$ 9 a m>ble urn ab\t ?ree feet high1 unornam5t$ & )\t inscription1 & plac$ beside ! c(f9 ( ,dr4 ,gross' late wife 9 ! family vault at ,woodlawn ,cemet]y1 :]e ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,*>les ,currie read ! ,episcopal burial s]vice4 ,voltaire d]id$ 8 contempor>ies by decl>+ t !y c\ld n protect !mselves f ! fatal p[] ( ! dead4 ,b :5 ! great ,revolution came along1 ov]?r[+ ! !n exi/+ ord] ( ?+s1 & p]=m+ a pa9ful b necess>y "w1 ! same ,france t _h li/5$ to ! voice ( ! great philosoph] became aw>e ( a means t %ield$ f ! dang]s ( ! burial-gr\nd--cremation4 ,on ! #bh? ( ,m>*1 #agid 7#bh ,g]m9al1 ,an ,,ii71 ! deceas$ republican ,beauvais1 physician at ,montpelli] & memb] ( ! ,national ,assembly1 0 cremat$ 9 ! ,*amp-de-,m>s at ,p>is4 ,! urn conta9+ 8 a%es 0 deposit$ 9 ! ar*ives ( ! nation4 ,9 ! ye> ,v ( ! republic 7#agig71 a motion by ,daub]mesnil1 to introduce facultative inc9]ation1 provid+ t ! act w\ld take place outside ( ,p>is1 0 reject$ by ! ,c\ncil ( ! ,five ,hundr$2 b 9 #agii 7ye> ,,vii ( ! republic71 a law 0 pass$ by ! ,se9e dep>tm5t 9 favor ( cremation4 ,advantage 0 frequ5tly tak5 ( ! p]mission grant$4 ,at ?is "t ! ,in/itute ( ,france (f]$ a prize ( #aejj francs = ! be/ essay on ! "q :e!r int]m5t or c9]ation is pref]able4 ,9 consequ5ce1 #dj diss]tations 7 s5t 91 & all ( !m dem&$ optional cremation4 ,! prize 0 accord$ to two essays3 ^? ( ,,mm4 ,mulot & ,amaury-,duval4 ,f #ahef to #ahfg1 ! ,fr5* cremationi/s 7 l$ by ,m4 ,bonneau & ,dr4 ,caffe2 ! latt] has reta9$ ! lead]%ip till ! mo/ rec5t times1 & has done mu*1 by 8 admirable expositions ( ! subject1 to popul>ize cremation 9 ,france4 ,"o po9t 0 br\ght out by him t is des]v+ ( m5tion "h1 namely1 t "o tempt$ to /ray f ! pa? ( honor & virtue may be re/ra9$ by ! pres5ce ( ance/ral urns4 ,dr4 ,prosp] de ,pietra-,santa is to-day ! =emo/ inc9]ationi/ 9 ,france1 a position to :i* he does honor & :i* he well m]its4 ,8 essays1 fir/ publi%$ 9 ,l',union ,m$icale1 are ! *ief contributions to mod]n ,fr5* cremation lit]ature4 ,9 #ahgc1 he issu$ a complete manual ( ! subject1 9 :i* he deplor$ ! abs5ce ( popul> sympa?y ) inc9]ation 9 ,france4 ,b ! "t w come :5 ,france w recognize ! value ( ! labors ( ?is ard5t re=m]1 ^: "n is de/9$ to occupy a mo/ prom95t place on ! roll ( honor ( 8 native c\ntry4 ,! cremation society ( ,france1 ! prop] designation ( :i* is 8,la ,societ p\r la propagation de la cremation10 0 f\nd$ 9 #ahhj1 & incorporat$ on ! #bc;d ( ,decemb] ( ! same ye>4 ,! late ,edmond ,ab\t & ,leon ,gambetta--,l'illu/re citoy5 que la ,france a p]du--7 memb]s ( ?is association4 ,at pres5t ! society numb]s #egj memb]s4 ,its pr9cipal object n[ is to obta9 a law p]mitt+ cremation2 :5 ?is is secur$1 x w devote its funds to ! erection ( crematories & ! pur*ase ( inv5tions :i* t5d to simplify ! process4 ,accord+ to ,pr(essor ,r4 ,bev]ly ,cole1 ,m4,d41 = _m ye>s pa/ cremation is n infrequ5tly practic$ 9 ,p>is1 ! retorts ( ! gas factories be+ employ$ = ! purpose4 ,! fir/ & only inc9]ation 9 ,belgium took place 9 #agih or #agii1 :5 a c]ta9 ,m4 ,yoidel1 a resid5t ( ,mons1 cremat$ ! body ( 8 *ild 9 ! y>d ( 8 h\se1 & pres]v$ ! a%es 9 a gold5 urn4 ,! cremation society ( ,brussels 0 f\nd$ on ! #bh? ( ,febru>y1 #ahhb1 & numb]s n[ ov] #fjj memb]s4 ,! cremation society ( ,holl&1 :i* boa/s a v complete organization1 ext5ds ov] ! entire k+dom by means ( bran* societies4 ,x 0 f\nd$ on ! #bh? ( ,decemb]1 #ahgd1 & incorporat$ by ! royal decree ( ,sept4 #a1 #ahge4 ,ov] #aejj memb]s belong to x4 ,! bran* societies are locat$ at ,am/]dam1 ,rott]dam1 ,nijweg51 ,delft1 ,leyd51 ,%i$am1 ,zutph51 ,dortre*t1 & ,h>lem4 ,s9ce #ahgf a small p]iodical is publi%$ qu>t]ly by ! society ( ,holl&1 conta9+ occasional communications conc]n+ cremation1 & detail+ ! proce$+s ( ! society4 ,! funds ( ! association are 9 good condition1 be+ mo/ly inve/$ 9 gov]nm5t /ock4 ,! fir/ c9]>y furnace built 9 ! ,g]man ,empire 0 erect$ at ,dresd51 ,saxony1 & put 9 use 9 #ahgd1 :5 bodies 7 cremat$ on ! #i? ( ,octob] & #f? ( ,novemb]2 ! wife ( ,sir ,*>les ,dilke 0 "o ( !m4 ,no inc9]ation occurr$ 9 ?is app>atus s9ce t "t1 ow+ to a refusal ( ! ,saxon gov]nm5t to p]mit ! same4 ,on ! #f? & #g? ( ,june1 #ahgf1 an int]national cremation congress1 :i* 0 att5d$ by repres5tatives f almo/ all c\ntries ( ! globe1 0 held at ,dresd51 & did mu* to promote ! int]e/s ( inc9]ation 9 ,g]many4 ,_m important resolutions 7 adopt$1 among o!rs t ( =m+ an int]national committee to e/abli% a j\rnal = ! propagation ( cremation4 ,on ,june #g1 ! delegates witness$ ! c9]ation ( sev]al animals 9 a ,siem5s app>atus1 :i* completely r$uc$ ! animals exp]im5t$ ^u 9 "o h\r & "o-half4 ,illu/ration3 ,,int]ior ,,( ,,wa%+ton ,,crematory4 ,! accompany+ wood-cut repres5ts t "p ( ! crematory at ,wa%+ton1 ,pa41 9 :i* ! inc9]ation takes place4 ,! numb]s ref] respectively to 7#a7 ! inc9]ator1 clos$2 7#b7 ! fire-box1 op52 7#c7 ! a%-pit2 & 7#d7 coal-b94 ,! room1 z w be se51 is ne$lessly pla91 & might ) slightly increas$ exp5se 9 build+ be made m attractive4 ,an ornam5tal front conceal+ ! brick-"w & ! coal-b9 w\ld s]ve greatly to improve its appe>ance4 ,) a slightly diff]5t arrangem5t ! fire-box & a%-pit might be kept cont9ually out ( sight4 ,if ! inc9]ator 7 turn$ end = end & made to op5 f ! opposite side1 no?+ w\ld be se5 by ! fri5ds ( ! deceas$ b its op5 door & rosy light1 :i* are mo/ attractive to ! eye4 ,cremation is n[ mo/ ext5sively practic$ 9 ,go?a1 9 ! new crematory e/abli%$ by ! municipal c\ncil ( t city1 :i* 0 op5$ to ! public on ! #ag? ( ,novemb]1 #ahgh4 ,! fir/ cremation at ,go?a came (f on ! aft]noon ( ! #aj? ( ,decemb]1 #ahgh1 :5 ,mr4 ,/i]1 a civil eng9e] ^: embalm$ body _h await$ ! completion ( ! crematorium = "s "t1 0 consign$ to ! furnace4 ,s9ce ! e/abli%m5t ( ! crematory1 ov] #ejj p]sons h be5 inc9]at$ at ,go?a1 _m ( :om 7 f =eign l&s1--,russia1 ,engl&1 ,france1 ,am]ica1 etc4 ,b]l9 is ! c5t] ( ! re=m 9 ,g]many4 ,! ,b]l9 cremation society has an enorm\s memb]%ip1 & c\nts among its memb]s _m p]sons ( di/9ction4 ,altoge!r ! society numb]s #ecd memb]s1 #de ( !m be+ physicians4 ,italy may be consid]$ ! pione] ( cremation 9 mod]n times2 = !re1 = ! fir/ "t1 inc9]ation 0 practic$ 9 a sy/ematic & improv$ mann]1 & 9 no l& h ! cremationi/s be5 s active & en]getic 9 advocat+ ! re=m z 9 ?is4 ,f #aggd till #ahgd cremation 0 advocat$ by ,piattoli1 ,moles*ott1 ,coletti1 ,morelli1 ,du ,j>d91 ,b]ta91 ,ca/iglione1 ,p9i1 & ,polli4 ,b>on ,alb]t ,kell]1 :o1 ?\gh ( ,g]man desc5t1 0 an ,italian citiz5 & a resid5t ( ,milan1 & above all an en?usia/ic patron ( cremation1 deposit$ #aj1jjj lire = ! c9]ation ( 8 own body1 & direct$ t aft] defray+ ! co/s ( 8 cremation1 ! rema9+ money %\ld be us$ to =m a fund = ! erection ( a build+ exclusively devot$ to ! burn+ ( ! dead4 ,:5 ?is nobleman di$ 9 #ahgd1 8 la/ directions 7 c>ri$ out1 & ! cremation temple :i* be>s 8 "n became1 9 accordance ) ! te/am5t ( ! deceas$1 ! prop]ty ( ! city ( ,milan4 ,! ,italian cl]gy oppos$ inc9]ation b v little4 ,9 ! capital ( ,lomb>dy a di/+ui%$ prelate ev5 decl>$ t ! burn+ ( ! dead is 9 no wise contr>y to ! dogma ( ! *ur*2 & "h "o also c witness h[ prie/s accompany ! body to be inc9]at$ to ! ,tempio ,crematorio1 :]e !y say a la/ pray]3 inde$ pro( ( tol]ance & g5u9e ,*ri/ianity4 ,! ,f\r? ,m$ical ,congress held at ,milan on ! #e? ( ,septemb]1 #ahgg1 endors$ cremation1 /at+ t x is a v]itable sci5tific progress :i* has ! advantage ov] inhumation 9 correspond+ to ! exig5cies ( hygi5e4 ,x also express$ its conviction t inc9]ation 9 no way (f5ds aga9/ ! affection ( families = _! defunct1 ! respect & v5]ation = human rema9s1 & ! religions pr9ciples ( ! surviv+4 ,! ,milan cremation society 0 organiz$ *iefly ?r\gh ! ef=ts ( ,drs4 ,p9i & ,cri/(oris1 ! latt] be+ elect$ presid5t4 ,z ! ,polli-,cl]icetti app>atus 9 ! crematorium _h n giv5 g5]al satisfaction1 ! gasomet] beh9d ! temple 0 remov$1 9 #ahhj1 & suitable w+s 7 built4 ,two furnaces 7 !n erect$1 "o be+ built on ! ,gor9i sy/em1 9 :i* ! ord9>y cremations are p]=m$1 & ! o!r on ! ,v59i sy/em1 :]e cremation ( ! rema9s ( p]sons :o di$ f contagi\s diseases1 & ( /rang]s1 takes place4 ,! build+ also has ?ree columb>ia1 "o on ea* side ( ! crematorium1 & an ord9>y "o 9 ! vaults bel[4 ,ow+ to ! success ( ! ,milan crematory1 crematoria 7 built at ,padua1 ,cremona1 ,v>ese1 ,lodi1 ,brescia1 & ,rome4 ,a c9]>y furnace 0 also spe$ily erect$ 9 ! hospital at ,spezzia1 by ord] ( ! ,secret>y ( ! ,navy2 ?is app>atus 0 pr9cipally us$ = ! cremation ( *ol]a victims4 ,! urns hold+ ! a%es ( ! cremat$ _c be remov$ f an ,italian columb>ium except by p]mission ( ! prefect ( ! prov9ce4 ,! urns mu/ be tightly clos$1 & mu/ be> ! "n ( ! deceas$ & ! date ( 8 or h] dea?4 ,! a%es ( only "o body may be plac$ 9 an urn1 ! rev]se be+ /rictly =bidd54 ,e cremation is regi/]$ bo? by ! bo>d ( tru/ees ( ! crematory & by ! civil au?orities4 ,look+ ov] ! hi/ory ( cremation 9 ,italy1 "o ne$s mu/ ga9 ! firm conviction t ,dr4 ,gaetano ,p9i ( ,milan is ! mo/ ard5t cremationi/ 9 8 native c\ntry4 ,:5ev] a cremation society 0 organiz$ !re1 ! indefatigable doctor 0 on h&1 giv+ advice & deliv]+ addresses1 increas+ ! zeal ( ! advocates ( ! re=m1 & enc\rag+ its timid fri5ds4 ,really1 ! am\nt ( labor p]=m$ by ?is g5tleman is truly m>vel\s4 ,already ! doctor is reap+ ! fruits ( 8 philan?ropic "w4 ,inc9]ation is /eadily advanc+ 9 ,italy1 & is ga9+ popul> favor rapidly1 & ,dr4 ,p9i's "n w be h&$ d[n to succe$+ g5]ations z t ( a b5efactor ( 8 l& & p4 ,cremation societies n[ exi/ at ,ancona1 ,a/i1 ,bologna1 ,brescia1 ,capri1 ,codogno1 ,como1 ,cremona1 ,demodossola1 ,flor5ce1 ,g5oa1 ,intra1 ,livorno1 ,lodi1 ,milan1 ,mod5a1 ,nov>a1 ,padua1 ,p>ma1 ,pavia1 ,p]ugia1 ,piac5za1 ,pisa1 ,pi/oga1 ,san ,remo1 ,si5a1 ,tur91 ,und9e1 ,v>ese1 ,v5ice1 & ,v]ona4 ,9 ,spa91 :]e ! body ( ,m]9o1 ! man :o attempt$ ! assass9ation ( ,que5 ,isabella1 0 burn$ 9 #aheb1 cremation has made z yet b little progress1 b ev5 9 ?is /ronghold ( ,ca?olicism x c po9t to fri5ds4 ,el ,anfiteatro ,anatomico ,espaol ( ,m>* #ae1 #ahgd1 conta9s an admirable article on inc9]ation by ,don ,f$]ico ,gilman4 ,two pamphlets on ! subject also appe>$1 "o by ,enrico ,salc$o at ,val5cia 9 #ahgf1 ! o!r by ,l4 ,gall>do at ,madrid 9 #ahgh4 ,! ,bo>d ( ,public ,heal? at ,madrid resolv$ 9 #ahhd to reque/ ! gov]nm5t to make cremation obligatory dur+ epidemics1 & to p]mit inc9]ation 9 all cases :]e ! family ( a deceas$ wi% to dispose ( him s4 ,dr4 ,c]v]a1 memb] ( ! municipal *amb] ( ,madrid1 propos$ ! erection ( a crematory temple 9 ! new cemet]y ( t city4 ,at ,lisbon1 ,portugal1 cremation is n only optional1 b ! au?orities ( ! city h ev5 issu$ a decree mak+ cremation compulsory 9 "t ( epidemics4 ,! cremation movem5t 9 ,switz]l& began 9 ! spr+ ( #ahgd4 ,on ! #bj? ( ,decemb]1 #ahgh1 ! municipal c\ncil ( ,zu]i* grant$ leave to erect a crematorium on a c$$ piece ( gr\nd 9 ! new cemet]y ( t t[n4 ,i am sorry to say t a crematory has z yet n be5 erect$1 ow+ to a lack ( funds4 ,?is deplorable condition is due to a great ext5t to ! ridicul\sly small memb]%ip-fee & annual dues ( b two francs2 yet1 9 spite ( all ?is1 success is sure to come 9 ! end1 = ev5 ?is lagg+ fund gr[s ye>ly4 ,! society at ,zu]i* n[ numb]s ne>ly #djj memb]s1 & is 7! fund dilemma except$7 9 a prosp]\s condition4 ,wegmann-,ercolani is its recogniz$ lead]1 & mu/ be look$ ^u z ! =emo/ *ampion ( inc9]ation 9 ,switz]l&4 ,9 ,au/ria ! outlook = cremation is n favorable1 b "o ne$ n be surpris$ at t1 = ,au/ria is kn[n to be "o ( ! mo/ cons]vative c\ntries 9 ! _w4 ,9 #afeh1 :5 sev]al collections ( c9]>y urns 7 discov]$ 9 ,old ,wals+ham1 ,norfolk1 ,engl&1 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne1 a le>n$ physician1 came =w>d ) a brilliant diss]tation on cremation1 :i* /ill holds its rank among /&>d ,engli% lit]ature4 ,?is essay1 conspicu\s = ! erudition display$1 0 a s+ul>ly p[]ful & idiomatic plea = inc9]ation4 ,! next to take up ! righte\s cause ( cremation 9 ,great ,brita9 0 no less a p]son ?an ,sir ,james ,y4 ,simpson1 ! em95t surgeon ( ,ed9burgh1 ,scotl&4 ,he demon/rat$ h[ easy x w\ld be = 8 fell[-t[nsm5 to ma9ta9 a fire con/antly on ! hill ( ! ,hunt]'s ,bog1 ne> ,ed9burgh4 ,b he1 too1 only _h 9 view ! anci5t pyre2 !re=e x is n a/oni%+ t 8 ef=ts 7 n cr[n$ ) success4 ,x appe>s t ab\t ! ye> #ahdd1 ! sanction ( ! au?orities ( ! city ( ,london 0 obta9$ = ! cremation1 )9 ! ,city ( ,london ,gas ,works1 ( ! dead ( ,bridewell ,hospital2 an arrangem5t 0 also conclud$ ) ! city au?orities = ! inc9]ation ( bodies ( dead prison]s1 & ( ! condemn$ meat & (fal ( ! m>kets4 ,! project1 h[ev]1 met ) s mu* opposition f c]ta9 *ur*m5 t x fell into abeyance4 ,9 mod]n times ! gong ( c9]ation 0 fir/ /ruck by ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson1 :o _h become enamor$ ) inc9]ation at ! ,vi5na ,exposition1 & :o e>ne/ly treat$ ( cremation 9 a brilliant pap]1 8,! ,treatm5t ( ! ,body aft] ,dea?10 9 ,! ,contempor>y ,review = ,janu>y1 #ahgd4 ,?is article1 z might be expect$1 elicit$ great popul> int]e/1 mu* approval f all classes ( ! public1 & "s vigor\s opposition4 ,x 0 repli$ to1 9 ! ,febru>y issue ( ! same p]iodical1 by ,mr4 ,philip ,h4 ,holl&1 ! ,m$ical ,inspector ( ,burials = ,engl& & ,wales1 ^: /atem5ts & argum5ts1 adroit ?\gh "s ( !m 71 7 prop]ly refut$ 9 ! succe$+ numb] ( ! ,review4 ,sir ,h5ry =tifi$ 8 argum5ts by cit+ "s exp]im5ts ) ! bodies ( l[] animals1 :i* he _h burn$1 ) little co/ & no inconv5i5ce1 9 a ,siem5s furnace4 ,= _m ye>s prior to #ahgd1 ,dr4 ,"l1 heal? (fic] = ,hamp/ead1 cont9u$ to urge ! practical necessity = ! introduction ( incremation4 ,! ,cremation ,society ( ,engl& 0 f\nd$ on ! #ac? ( ,janu>y1 #ahgd1 & no soon] 0 x e/abli%$ ?an lett]s ( enc\ragem5t p\r$ 9 f all p>ts ( ,great ,brita91 & !re 0 a great influx ( new memb]s & subscrib]s to its decl>ation4 ,e cremationi/ mu/ feel pr\d to "k t among ^? :o1 "u ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson's able presid5cy1 f\nd$ ! society1 7 su* m5 ( di/9ction z ! late ,%irley ,brooks & ,an?ony ,trollope1 ! well-kn[n noveli/4 ,! ,engli% ,cremation ,society 0 f\nd$ = ! propagation ( ! t5ets ( inc9]ation1 n = trad+ purposes1 z may h be5 suppos$ by "s incr$ul\s1 ill-dispos$1 or ignorant m9ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,crematorium ,,at ,,go?a4 ,9 #ahgh1 ! society pur*as$ an acre ( gr\nd 9 a seclud$ "p ( ,/4 ,john1 ,wok+1 9 ,surrey1 especially adapt$ by position = ! purpose1 & erect$ !reon a build+1 ) an app>atus ( ! mo/ approv$ k9d1 = effect+ cremation ( ! dead4 ,aft] "s delib]ation1 ! sy/em ( ,pr(essor ,gor9i1 ( ,lodi1 9 ,italy1 0 adopt$1 s9ce x 0 consid]$ ! be/ = ! site1 inasmu* z no supply ( gas is requir$ to insure combu/ion1 b only coal or wood4 ,x is to be regrett$1 t ow+ to a lack ( funds1 only ! furnace c\ld be built1 :i* /&+ alone 9 spaci\s fields1 mu/ pres5t r a dre>y aspect2 mu/1 ,i take x1 appe> f> too reali/ic4 ,x is to be hop$ t ! society w1 by means ( l>ge beque/s or suffici5t contributions f ! public1 be plac$ 9 a position to ro( ov] ! furnace1 & to erect a *apel or a hall 9 front ( x1 s z to accommodate ! fri5ds & m\rn]s4 ,! app>atus 0 next te/$ by an exp]im5t1 :i* consi/$ ( ! burn+ ( a portion ( ! c>cass ( a horse weigh+ #adj p\nds1 t 0 consum$ 9 two h\rs1 at a co/ ( a v small quantity ( fuel4 ,! a%es result+ f ! combu/ion 7 p]fectly :ite1 & weigh$ a little "u six p\nds2 n ! slighte/ odor c\ld be detect$ 9 ! close/ neighborhood ( ! furnace1 or ev5 ) ! doors ( ! crematory *amb] op52 & !re 01 moreov]1 no escape ( smoke f ! *imney4 ,! success ( ! sy/em 0 e/abli%$1 & ! possibility ( cremation )\t (f5ce completely demon/rat$4 ,s9ce t "t ! place has be5 ma9ta9$ 9 p]fect ord]1 b has n be5 us$1 ow+ to a d\bt rais$ soon aft] ! date ref]r$ to1 z to ! legality ( adopt+ ! process 9 ,engl&4 ,a deputation ( ! cremation society wait$ ^u ! ,home ,secret>y on ! #bj? ( ,m>*1 #ahgi1 ) a view ( repres5t+ to ! gov]nm5t _! own wi%es 9 respect to ! crematory at ,wok+4 ,! ,home ,secret>y admitt$ t ! propos$ practice 0 unaffect$ by exi/+ law1 b he _h be5 advis$ t inasmu* z ! regi/ration ( dea?s 9 h] ,maje/y's c\ntry _h always be5 associat$ ) burial1 he 0 con/ra9$ to conclude t cremation mu/ fir/ be approv$ by ,p>liam5t1 & t if p]si/$ 91 he saw no o!r c\rse op5 ?an to legislate aga9/ x4 ,he fur!r advis$ ! c\ncil to introduce a %ort bill into ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 & n to rely ^u ! op9ions ( ,que5's c\nsel :i* _h be5 obta9$ by !m affirm+ t x might be practic$4 ,?us ! s-call$ ,cam]on bill orig9at$4 ,x is /range t ,engl&1 s f> advanc$ 9 political fre$om1 %\ld yet be s defici5t 9 intellectual lib]ty4 ,among ! ,engli% !re are d\btless z _m unbias$ inve/igators z among any o!r nation1 b bo? ! repres5tatives ( ! p & ! gov]nm5t pres5t ! deplorable picture ( solicit\s emb>rassm5t1 & ma9ta9 an ob/9ate cons]vatism :5 any "q involv+ religion or ecclesia/ical rites comes up be=e !m2 any act t is n second$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& is reject$ ?r\gh non-support2 any abuse :i* ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* desires to reta9 _c be remov$4 ,t ?is holds true is ev9c$ by ! repeat$ failure ( ! bill p]mitt+ a wid[] to m>ry 8 si/]-9-law1 not)/&+ t ev5 ! royal family desire to contract su* a m>riage4 ,f9ally ! bill 0 accept$ by ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 b has be5 s9ce /ubbornly reject$ by ! ,h\se ( ,lords4 ,dr4 ,cam]on's cremation bill--provid+ legal sanction = ! adoption ( cremation 9 ,great ,brita9--0 submitt$ to ! ,h\se ( ,commons "s "t 9 #ahhd--;,i d n rememb] ! exact date4 ,?is bill1 :i* ask$ b = p]missive inc9]ation1 a privilege t is readily grant$ 9 all civiliz$ c\ntries ( ! globe1 0 reject$ on ! second read+ by a vote ( #adi to #gi4 ,x is a solace to "k t ! m9ority includ$ ! sci5tific m51 m5 ( su* _w-wide fame z ,sir ,lyon ,playfair1 ,sir ,john ,lubbock1 & _m o!rs4 ,mr4 ,glad/one1 zeal\s 9 8 endeavors to s]ve ! ,*ur*1 br\ght ! influ5ce ( ! ,gov]nm5t to be> aga9/ ! bill1 plead+ 9 excuse t x 0 contr>y to public op9ion4 ,e well-balanc$ m9d mu/ conceive in/antly t ! ,premi] might h res]v$ ! expression ( ! public w & op9ion = ,p>liam5t1 b t he wi%$ to oblige ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,t ,engli%m5 reg>d cremation f ! same /&po9t z o!r p is prov5 by ! #gi favorable votes t 7 ca/4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,eassie deliv]$ excell5t addresses on cremation be=e ! fir/ congress ( ! ,sanit>y ,in/itute ( ,great ,brita91 held 9 #ahgg1 at ,leam+ton1 & be=e ! congress at ,man*e/]1 9 #ahgi1 :5 he exhibit$ ! model ( ! ,polli-,cl]icetti app>atus4 ,9 ,m>*1 #ahgi1 ! "q ( cremation 0 also pres5t$ to ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 b )\t practical results4 ,9 ,augu/1 #ahhj1 ,sir ,t4 ,sp5c] ,wells1 late presid5t ( ! ,royal ,college ( ,surgeons ( ,engl&1 & ,surgeon to ! ,que5's ,h\sehold1 read a ma/]ly pap] on inc9]ation1 entitl$ 8,cremation or ,burial10 at ! meet+ ( ! ,briti% ,m$ical ,association1 at ,cambridge4 ,at its conclusion a memorial 0 drawn up1 address$ to ! ,home ,secret>y1 & pray+ t p]mission be grant$ = ! practice ( cremation4 ,! address 0 z foll[s3-- 8,we1 ! und]sign$ memb]s ( ! ,briti% ,m$ical ,association1 assembl$ at ,cambridge1 disapprove ! pres5t cu/om ( bury+ ! dead1 & desire to sub/itute "s mode :i* %all rapidly resolve ! body into its compon5t elem5ts by a process :i* _c (f5d ! liv+1 & may r5d] ! rema9s absolutely innocu\s4 ,until "s bett] mode is devis$ we desire to promote t usually kn[n z cremation4 ,z ! process c n[ be c>ri$ out )\t any?+ approa*+ to nuisance1 & z x is n illegal1 we tru/ ! gov]nm5t w n oppose ! practice1 :5 conv9c$ t prop] regulations are obs]v$ & ampl] gu>antees ( dea? hav+ occurr$ f natural causes are obta9$ ?an are n[ requir$ = burial40 ,?is memorial 0 sign$ by ,sir ,t4 ,sp5c] ,wells & _m o!r prom95t physicians & surgeons1 altoge!r by ov] "o hundr$ memb]s ( ! association4 ,on ,jan4 #ac1 #ahhd1 an incid5t occurr$ t spe$ily wr\ght a metamorphosis ( ! :ole "q reg>d+ ! legality ( c9]ation 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+doms4 ,!re is an ecc5tric physician ( ,s\? ,wales1 :o is kn[n z ,dr4 ,price4 ,he claims to be ! n9ete5? c5tury repres5tative ( ! anci5t ,druids4 ,8 co/ume is gre5 tr\s]s1 :ite smock coat1 & fox-sk9 head-cov]+4 ,he is an educat$ physician & a memb] ( ! ,briti% ,m$ical ,association4 ,! ,druids ( old burn$ _! dead1 & ! *ild ( ,dr4 ,price hav+ di$1 he det]m9$ to dispose ( h] rema9s by cremation4 ,he retir$ at nightfall to a hill-top1 :]e1 plac+ ! corpse 9 a cask ( petroleum1 he appli$ ! tor*4 ,! burn+ ar\s$ ! populace1 :o1 on ne>+ ! spot1 discov]$ its purpose4 ,amid mu* excitem5t ! *>r$ rema9s 7 rescu$1 & ! ,druid doctor plac$ "u arre/4 ,he 0 tri$ at ! ,glamorgan%ire ,assizes1 ,c>diff1 & acquitt$4 ,sir ,james ,/eph51 ! le>n$ judge1 :5 *>g+ ! gr& jury at ! trial1 /at$ t ,"l ,ju/ice ,fry agre$ 9 ! views ab\t to be express$ by him4 ,he review$ elaborately all ! au?orities be>+ on ! case1 &1 aft] discuss+ ! me?ods ( dispos+ ( ! dead 9 anci5t ,europe1 fail$ to discov] any law1 anci5t or mod]n1 :i* =bids cremation1 provid+ x be done 9 su* a mann] z to cause no nuisance4 ,?is decision1 ( c\rse1 r5d]$ ! society free to act z x pleas$4 ,adv]tisem5ts 7 imm$iately put 9 ! newspap]s1 to say t anybody c\ld be cremat$ :o w\ld adh]e to ! rules =mulat$ by ! society4 ,"u ^! circum/ances ! cremation society felt x a duty to indicate1 )\t delay1 ^? safegu>ds :i* !y deem$ x ess5tial to associate ) ! proce$+ 9 ord] to prev5t ! de/ruction ( a body :i* might h met dea? by unfair means4 ,!y 7 aw>e t ! *ief practical objection :i* c be urg$ aga9/ ! employm5t ( cremation consi/s 9 ! opportunity :i* x (f]s1 ap>t f su* precautions1 = remov+ ! traces ( poison or o!r injury :i* are reta9$ by an unde/roy$ body1 & !re=e fram$ ! sequ5t rules1 :i* /ill hold good3-- 8#a4 ,an application 9 writ+ mu/ be made by ! fri5ds or executors ( ! deceas$1--unless x has be5 made by ! deceas$ p]son himself dur+ life1--/at+ t x 0 ! wi% ( ! deceas$ to be cremat$ aft] dea?4 #b4 ,a c]tificate mu/ be s5t 9 by "o qualifi$ m$ical man at lea/1 :o att5d$ ! deceas$ until ! "t ( dea?1 unhesitat+ly /at+ t ! cause ( dea? 0 natural1 & :at ! cause 04 #c4 ,if no m$ical man att5d$ dur+ ! illness1 autopsy mu/ be made by a m$ical (fic] appo9t$ by ! society1 or no cremation c take place4 ,^! conditions be+ compli$ )1 ! c\ncil ( ! society res]ve ! "r 9 all cases ( refus+ p]mission = ! p]=mance ( ! cremation1 &1 9 ! ev5t ( p]mitt+ x1 w (f] e facility = its accompli%m5t 9 ! be/ mann]40 ,! ,cremation ,society ( ,engl& owes mu* to its indefatigable honor>y secret>y1 ,mr4 ,william ,eassie1 ,c4,e41 ^: propag&a = inc9]ation is n conf9$ to ! ,briti% ,isles1 b ext5ds all ov] ! _w4 ,i am sure t 8 "n w always head ! li/ ( ^? :o h promot$ cremation 9 ! c\ntry ( ,%akespe>e1 & 9 ?is respect ev5 place him ov] & above t illu/ri\s surgeon & physici/1 ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson4 ,i w\ld n1 ,i am c]ta91 exp]i5ce ! lea/ a/oni%m5t %\ld ,i he> t ,mr4 ,eassie s5t "s ( 8 valuable essays on c9]ation to "s savage 9 ,africa1 = in/ance ! k+ ( ,dahomey1 & t ! royal negro1 pleas$ ) ! idea1 in/antly _h sev]al hundr$ ( 8 subjects cremat$ be=e him1 :i*1 be+ a complete success 9 e respect1 l$ 8 dusky maje/y to swe> by all ! holy idols ) :i* he is famili> t he too %\ld be r$uc$ to a%es aft] dea?4 ,public s5tim5t reflect$ 9 ! press ( ! ,unit$ ,k+doms has be5 almo/ unanim\sly 9 favor ( cremation4 ,j\rnals ( all classes1 religi\s1 fa%ionable1 popul>1 ,:ig1 ,radical1 or ,tory1 f ! ,c\rt ,circul> to ! ,rock1 f ! ,times to ,lloyd's ,weekly ,newspap]1 h by a va/ majority pron\nc$ 9 its favor4 ,! ,metropolitan ,commission]s ( ,sew]s h appo9t$ a committee ) ! view ( consid]+ ! propriety ( erect+ a crematorium at ,il=d4 ,! olde/ case ( cremation on record 9 ,great ,brita9 0 t ( a wid[1 ,mrs4 ,pratt1 ( ,george ,/reet1 ,hanov] ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,! lady 0 burn$1 9 ob$i5ce to directions giv5 9 h] te/am5t1 9 ! new gravey>d adjo9+ ,tyburn turnpike1 on ! #bf? ( ,septemb]1 #agfi4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,crematorium ,,at ,,milan4 7,f ,dr4 ,p9i's "w47 ,on ! #h? & #i? ( ,octob]1 #ahhb1 ! wife ( ,capta9 ,hanham1 & 8 "m1 ,lady ,hanham1 wife ( ! late ,sir ,james ,hanham1 ,b>t41 ( ,dean's ,c\rt1 ,dorset1 7 cremat$ 9 a *eap tempor>y crematory1 devis$ by ,mr4 ,ri*>ds ( ,w9canton4 ,! furnace _h be5 built "u ! sup]vision ( ,capta9 ,hanham himself4 ,! c(f9s 7 plac$ on iron plates1 & fire bricks above ! furnace1 a *imney #bb feet high furni%+ ! draught4 ,! process la/$ two h\rs1 & 0 successful 9 e respect4 ,a ye> lat]1 on ! #g? ( ,decemb]1 #ahhc1 ! capta91 ,?omas ,c4 ,hanham1 0 r$uc$ to a%es 9 ! same app>atus at 8 resid5ce 9 ,man/one1 ,dorset%ire4 ,! inc9]ation 0 public1 & 9 con=mity ) ! la/ te/am5t>y dispositions ( ! deceas$4 ,! cremation 0 accompli%$ 9 #i h\rs & #dj m9utes4 ,! a%es 7 deposit$ 9 ! family mausoleum4 ,! ,dani% ,cremation ,society at ,cop5hag5 0 f\nd$ 9 #ahha1 & is 9 a fl\ri%+ condition4 ,x has sev]al bran* societies 9 ! prov9ces4 ,soon aft] its organization x numb]$ #aejj memb]s2 x n[ c\nts #ahjj memb]s1 among !m #abj physicians4 ,sev]al attempts 7 made 9 ,d5m>k to legalize inc9]ation1 b 9 va93 z !re is1 h[ev]1 no law prohibit+ ! act1 ! society is det]m9$ to imitate ! example ( ,engl&1 to execute inc9]ation at _! own risk1 & await fur!r legislation4 ,mr4 ,p] ,l9dell1 a civil eng9e]1 did mu* to popul>ize cremation 9 ,sw$54 ,= _m ye>s he treat$ ( ! subject 9 ! columns ( ! ,nord51 a j\rnal edit$ by him4 ,x 0 ?r\gh 8 influ5ce t ! ,sw$i% ,cremation ,society 0 e/abli%$ on ! #ca/ ( ,may1 #ahhb1 at ,/ockholm1 "u ! presid5cy ( ,colonel ,e4 ,kl+5/i]na4 ,at pres5t ! society numb]s f #gjj to #hjj memb]s4 ,!re is no law =bidd+ inc9]ation2 ! prospects are !re=e v good4 ,z soon z suffici5t money is on h& a crematory w be erect$ & put 9 use4 ,a society1 affiliat$ ) ! c5tral "o1 0 rec5tly organiz$ at ,go!nburg4 ,9 ! neighborhood ( ! new cemet]y1 ,/4 ,francisco ,xavi]1 at ,rio de ,janeiro1 ,brazil1 a l>ge space ( gr\nd has be5 assign$ = ! erection ( a crematory temple4 ,inc9]ation w be practic$ !re 9 ord] to less51 if possible1 ! al>m+ rate ( mortality 9 t unheal?y place4 ,dr4 ,a4 ,v9elli des]ves great cr$it = 8 admirable articles 9 support ( cremation 9 ! ,revi/a ,m$ica de ,rio de ,janeiro ( #ahgh4 ,9 ! ,arg5t9e ,republic1 ,mexico1 & ,uruguay1 a /eady movem5t is on foot 9 favor ( ! re=m4 ,! au?orities 9 ,mexico h already grant$ p]mission = ! con/ruction ( a crematorium on ! ,gor9i patt]n4 ,x is said t ! gov]nm5t ( ,v5ezuela has also decid$ to erect a crematory1 :]e9 to r$uce to innocu\s a%es ! bodies ( p]sons deceas$ ( yell[ fev]4 ,! idea to propagate cremation at ,valp>aiso1 ,*ili1 orig9at$ ) ! ,less+ ,lodge ( ,free ,masons1 :i*1 on ! #f? ( ,augu/1 #ahha1 direct$ a circul> to ! o!r ,masonic lodges ( ! city1 reque/+ !m to s5d repres5tatives to a prelim9>y meet+4 ,?is meet+ came (f on ! #c;d ( ,decemb] ( ! same ye>4 ,cremation 0 freely discuss$ f e /&po9t1 b on ! :ole ! meet+ 0 n foll[$ by any practical result4 ,on ! la/ ( ,decemb]1 #ahha1 a proclamation to organize a cremation society 0 publi%$ 9 ! j\rnal ,il ,m]curio by ! committee hav+ ! matt] 9 *>ge4 ,on ! #bj? ( ,may1 #ahhb1 ! ,cremation ,society ( ,*ili 0 =m$ "u ! presid5cy ( ,seor ,o4 ,malv9i4 ,?is society is 9 a fl\ri%+ condition1 & n[ numb]s ov] #bjj memb]s4 ,t[>ds ! end ( #ahhc a committee to organize a cremation society at ,alex&ria1 ,egypt1 0 =m$ by ,m4 ,lumel1 :o1 un=tunately1 di$ 9 ! same ye>4 ,! committee1 h[ev]1 is /ill 9 exi/5ce1 & is at pres5t occupi$ 9 realiz+ ! ideas ( ,m4 ,lumel4 ,at ,cairo ,messrs4 ,titus ,fig>i & ,ces>e ,praga labor to f\nd a cremation society4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,evils ,,( ,,burial2 ,,! ,,sanit>y ,,aspect ,,( ,,inc9]ation4 ,! grave1 hall[$ by religion & ! que5 ( arts1 poetry1 has become to u ! emblem ( et]nal re/--some?+ t is beautiful2 some?+ 9 :i* we may sleep long & well4 ,! weep+-will[ droops its sl5d] bran*es ov] x1 sweet1 fragrant fl[]s ?rive ^u its soil1 & ! little birds p]* !re to s+ _! song4 ,! rays ( ! sun (t5 play ^u ! small e>? elevation1 & l5d additional beauty to ! gre5 foliage ( ! trees1 ! bright color ( ! _m fl[]s4 ,b v]ily1 we are l ! sun%9e--sup]ficial4 ,x is ! great fault ( mank9d to be satisfi$ ) a film-l k ( ?+s4 ,to g deep]1 to dive bel[ ! sup]/ratum1 w\ld mean to meet1 p]haps1 ) matt]s n at all pleasant2 to become cognizant ( facts nev] be=e dreamt (4 ,consequ5tly1 ! majority ( m5 is cont5t to rema9 on ! surface2 cont5t to "k a little1 b n all4 ,?ank ,god1 !re are happily individuals left :o desc5d to ! bottom ( e "q1 sci5tific or social1 & :o daily enri* all dep>tm5ts ( le>n+4 ,z reg>ds ! grave1 let u fir/ ( all li/5 to him :o has held g5]ations ( folk spellb\nd2 let u b[ rev]5tly be=e ! op9ion ( "o ( ! ma/]s among ,engli% noveli/s--,*>les ,dick5s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,crematorium ,,at ,,cremona4 7,f ,dr4 ,p9i's "w47 ,x is he :o tells u 9 measur$ words t ! grave is naught b-- 8,brave lodg+s = "o1 brave lodg+s = "o1 ,a few feet ( cold e>?1 :5 life is done2 ,a /one at ! head1 a /one at ! feet1 ,a ri*1 juicy meal = ! worms to eat2 ,rank grass ov]head1 & damp clay ar\nd1 ,brave lodg+s = "o1 ^!1 9 holy gr\nd60 ,! late ,pr(4 ,samuel ,d4 ,gross1 ,m4,d41 "o ( ! greate/ surgeons ! _w ev] possess$1 call$ burial a horrible practice1 & ma9ta9$ t3-- 8,if p c\ld see ! human body aft] ! process ( decomposition sets 91 :i* is z soon z ! vital sp>k ceases to exi/1 !y w\ld n want to be buri$2 !y w\ld be 9 favor ( cremation4 ,if !y c\ld g into a dissect+-room & see ! horrid sights ( ! dissect+-table1 !y w\ld n wi% to be buri$4 ,bury+ ! human body1 ,i ?9k1 is a horrible ?+4 ,if m 0 kn[n ab\t ! human frame :ile und]go+ decomposition1 p w\ld turn ) horror f ! cu/om ( bury+ _! dead4 ,x takes a human body #ej1 #fj1 #hj ye>s--yes1 long] ?an t--to decay4 ,?9k ( x6 ,! rema9s ( a fri5d ly+ "u six feet ( gr\nd1 or less1 = t l5g? ( "t1 go+ ?r\gh ! sl[ /ages ( decay1 & o!r bodies all ?is "t be+ buri$ ar\nd ^! rema9s4 ,infants gr[ up1 & pass into manhood or womanhood2 gr[ old1 & get ne> ! door ( dea?2 & dur+ all t "t ! body :i* 0 buri$ 9 _! infancy lies a few feet "u gr\nd 9 ?is sick5+ /ate1 und]go+ ! sl[ process ( decay4 ,?9k ( ?\s&s ( su* bodies cr[d$ into a few acres ( gr\nd1 & !n reflect t ^! graves1 or _m ( !m1 9 "t fill ) wat]1 & t wat] p]colates ?r\gh ! gr\nd & mixes ) ! spr+s & riv]s f :i* we dr9k4 8,p turn ) dread f ! subject ( cremation4 ,:y1 if !y knew :at physicians "k1--:at !y h le>n$ 9 ! dissect+-room1--!y w\ld look ^u burn+ ! human body z a beautiful art 9 comp>ison ) bury+ x4 ,!re is some?+ em95tly repulsive to me ab\t ! idea ( ly+ a few feet "u gr\nd = a c5tury1 or p]haps two c5turies1 go+ ?r\gh ! process ( decomposition4 ,:5 ,i die1 ,i want my body to be burn$4 8,any unprejudic$ m9d ne$s b little "t to reflect 9 =m+ a conclusion z to :i* is ! bett] me?od ( dispos+ ( ! body4 ,common s5se & reason proclaim 9 favor ( cremation4 ,!re is no reason = keep+ up ! burial cu/om1 b _m aga9/ x2 "s ( ! mo/ practical ( :i* are b too rec5tly develop$ to ne$ m5tion4 ,!re is no?+ repulsive 9 ! idea ( cremation4 ,p's prejudice is ! only oppon5t x has4 ,if !y c\ld be awak5$ to a s5se ( ! horror ( cr[d+ ?\s&s ( bodies "u ! gr\nd1 to pollute 9 _m in/ances ! air we brea! & ! wat] we dr9k1 _! prejudice w\ld be ov]come2 cremation w\ld be tak5 = :at x truly is--a beautiful me?od ( dispos+ ( ! body4 ,! fri5ds ( ! dep>t$ c d z !y please ) ! rema9s4 ,take ! a%es ( a wife or daught] & put !m 9 an urn2 place x on y\r mantelpiece1 or 9 z private a place z y please4 ,/rew !m on ! gr\nd if y l1 & let !m assi/ 9 br++ =? a blade ( grass4 ,?is w\ld be an advantage ov] ! burial me?od1 :]e human bodies only cumb] ! gr\nd40 ,?is 0 said by a man :o n only %[$ consid]able ability z an op]ator1 & writ] on topics ( m$ic9e1 b :o also 0 honor$ by ! fam\s univ]sities ( ,cambridge & ,ox=d1 receiv+ f !m academical titles nev] conf]r$ except ^u ! mo/ di/+ui%$4 ,we w take a spade 7only metaphorically1 ( c\rse7 & inve/igate ! n>r[ pit :i* s]ves to hold all t is mortal ( man aft] ! sp>k ( life has ext+ui%$4 ,n[ we remove ! plants1 ! cl++ v9es1 ! bloom+ fl[rets4 ,we ?r[ ! e>? aside & f9ally lay b>e a c(f94 ,a c(f98 ,some?+ t mu/ h be5 "o 9 ! remote pa/4 ,a sick5+ odor greets u4 ,we /ep back to draw a brea? ( pure air4 ,at la/ we mu/] up suffici5t c\rage to return to ! grave4 ,a t\* ( ! spade causes ! top-bo>d ( ! box to fall to pieces1 & !re is reveal$ to ! sight a spectacle t is horrible4 ,! gr\nd ar\nd ! body has be5 moi/ & non-por\s2 :at has rema9$ ( ! corpse is only a mass ( f\l fle% 9 a /ate ( putrefaction4 ,is !re any?+ m disgu/+ ?an su* a sight8 ,%akespe>e says 9 8,z ,y ,l ,x03-- 8,& s1 f h\r to h\r1 we ripe & ripe1 ,& !n1 f h\r to h\r1 we rot & rot2 ,& !reby hangs a tale40 ,true6 ,! tale t hangs !reby is illu/rative ( ! c>elessness & ignorance ( man alike4 ,! grave has be5 at all times a k9d ( box ( ,p&ora1 ) ?is diff]5ce1--x did n require unclos+3 unop5$1 ! grave s5t =? its *ildr5--pe/il5ce & dea?--to decimate ! ranks ( ! population ( ! globe4 ,b all calamities caus$ by burial h be5 endur$ by p ) p]fect indiff]5ce1 & x 0 n until mod]n times t any re=ms 7 attempt$ at all4 ,b 9 spite ( ^! s-call$ re=ms1 ! murd] ( ! liv+ by ! dead has cont9u$4 ,! re=ms ,i m5tion$ g5]ally result$ 9 ! removal ( cemet]ies to ! suburbs ( cities4 ,9 ?is way ! evil effects ( int]m5t 7 def]r$ = "s "t1 till ! city enl>g$1 & ! population clos$ 9 ar\nd ! burial-gr\nds4 ,:at is burial8 ,= :at purpose d we place ! bodies ( our dead 9 ! e>?8 ,x is ! beg9n+ ( a *emical process--a process :i* ends f9ally 9 ! total dissolution ( ! corpse4 ,! *emical con/itu5ts ( our body are return$ to nature4 ,burial & cremation are 9 a s5se ! same2 9 ei!r case ! body oxydates4 ,! great di/9ction betwe5 ! two lies 9 ! fact1 t ! burn+ 9 ! grave requires ye>s = its completion1 & is fraught ) dang] to ! liv+1 :il/ 9 case ( inc9]ation ! body is r$uc$ to its primitive elem5ts 9 ! brief space ( a few h\rs1 & is unaccompani$ by any?+ t may d h>m4 ,dr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,prescott1 ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,mi*igan1 has det]m9$ :at elem5ts ( ! human body are de/roy$ or dissipat$ by cremation1 & :at rema9 9 ! a%es4 ,9 a lett] to ! ,detroit ,po/ he /ates3-- 8,( ! #gj *emical elem5ts or ultimate simples1 kn[n to man1 #ae are f\nd 9 ! human body4 ,( ^!1 f\r--c>bon1 hydrog51 nitrog51 & oxyg5--are d]iv$ f ! air1 & 9 combu/ion1 z 9 decay1 !y return to ! air aga94 ,^! f\r 9 _! v>i\s comp\nds make up by f> ! great] "p ( ! animal tissues4 ,( ! rema9+ #aa *emical elem5ts1 six are metals1--potassium1 sodium1 calcium1 magnesium1 iron1 & manganese2 & five are non-metals1--sulphur1 phosphorus1 *lor9e1 fluor9e1 & silicon4 ,:5 combu/ion ( ! tissues is complet$1 ! six metals1 9 comb9ation ) ! five non-metals la/ nam$1 are left beh9d 9 ! a%4 ,^! 7 drawn f ! e>?4 ,!re are ab\t #ai *emical comp\nds 9 ! a% s left1 comp\nds su* z phosphate ( lime1 c>bonate ( lime1 sulphate ( pota%1 *loride ( sodium1 etc4 ,! great] numb] ( ! ultimate elem5ts conta9$ 9 ! liv+ body are left beh9d 9 ! a%1 b ! proportional quantity made up by all ^! elem5ts is1 ( c\rse1 v small4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ab\t two-?irds ( ! tissues consi/ ( wat]4 ,! proportion ( ! #8a%' to ! tissues v>ies f two p] c5t 9 muscle & sev5-t5?s p] c5t 9 blood1 to #ff p] c5t 9 bone4 ,! #8a%' left by combu/ion is v ne>ly ! same1 9 k9d & 9 quantity1 z ! #8du/' left aft] ! f9al completion ( decay40 ,:at is decomposition8 ,h[ does x take place normally8 ,decomposition is ! decay ( an organic sub/ance1 :i* is completely de/roy$ ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ! atmosph]ic oxyg54 ,decomposition is facilitat$ by moi/ure4 ,! organic mass und]go+ su* *ange assumes a diff]5t color & consi/5cy & gives up c>bonic acid1 ammonia1 & wat]2 ! same products orig9ate 9 ! rapid de/ruction ( an organic sub/ance by means ( fire4 ,only ^? p>ts ( ! body 7! bones7 t c be/ resi/ ! influ5ce ( ! air rema9 secure f decay a long] "t2 at la/ !y also crumble into du/ & m+le ) ! re/4 ,wetness accel]ates decay4 ,:5 we he> ! ra9 fall 9 ! sil5t night1 we are compell$ to ?9k1 %udd]+1 h[ ! horrible process ( de/ruction beg9s 9 ! grave ( "s belov$ "o :om we h rec5tly buri$4 ,! same /5* t assails our no/rils :5 we approa* a corpse t has la9 a long "t above gr\nd1 meets u :5 we op5 a grave2 ! same poison\s gases are evolv$ "u gr\nd f a decay+ corpus z ^u ! surface ( ! e>?4 ,x makes no diff]5ce :e!r ! grave we explore be t ( a prime m9i/]1 ^u :i* a magnific5t monum5t re>s its co/ly %aft high into ! air1 or t ( a common crim9al :o tri$ to enjoy exi/5ce by sp5d+ ?ree-qu>t]s ( 8 lifetime 9 prison2 ! result rema9s ! same3 9 ea* we f9d ! disgu/+ & sick5+ evid5ce ( sl[ de/ruction1--a =mless1 putrid mass ( fle%1 & sometimes numb]less revell+ worms4 ,! conditions "u :i* decomposition c take place are a c]ta9 degree ( moi/ure & a con/ant supply ( air4 ,:5 a corpse is emb$d$ 9 a soil t is v wet1 a curi\s *ange takes place4 ,!re is no decay1 b in/ead a fatty metamorphosis1 giv+ ! body a waxy appe>ance & pres]v+ its orig9al =m4 ,! result ( ?is trans=mation is call$ adipoc]e4 ,! process by :i* ! body is *ang$ into ?is /e>9e-l mass is entitl$ saponification1 & is n v well und]/ood z yet by ! sci5ti/s4 ,su* pres]v$ bodies 7 f\nd 9 ! burial-gr\nds at ,p>is1 ,brussels1 ,london1 & _m o!r cities4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,crematorium ,,at ,,v>ese4 7,f ,dr4 ,p9i's "w47 ,9 #ahgd1 ! cemet]y bo>d ( ! burial-gr\nd at ,zu]i*1 ,switz]l&1 discov]$ t ! bodies int]r$ 9 ! gravey>d s9ce #ahdi _h n und]gone decomposition1 b _h turn$ into adipoc]e4 ,?is horrible discov]y mat]ially assi/$ ! progress ( inc9]ation 9 ,switz]l&4 ,tripp relates t :5 eight bodies 7 tak5 up 9 a cemet]y ne> ,worce/]1 ,engl&1 ! soil ( :i* 0 compos$ *iefly ( gravel & clay t 0 always v moi/ & at times s wet t ! wat] _h to be pump$ out ( ! graves1 ! undecay$ body ( a n9ete5-ye>-old girl 0 f\nd :i* _h be5 buri$ #ea ye>s & _h und]gone saponification2 ! o!r corpses 7 decompos$1 also ! c(f9s1 :ile ! casket :i* _h conta9$ ! saponifi$ body 0 pres]v$4 ,i h se5 b "o saponifi$ corpse4 ,x 0 at ! museum ( ! ,new ,york ,college ( ,physicians & ,surgeons2 ,i h =gott5 :e!r x 0 a man or woman4 ,b ,i /ill rememb] h[ ,i %udd]$ at ! sight & h[ ,i walk$ close up to ! glass case to make sure t ! waxy mass )9 0 a human be+4 ,x is sup]flu\s to po9t out "h t cremation puts a /op to saponification4 ,"o ne$ n be a *emi/ to "k t a body _c turn into adipoc]e aft] x has be5 r$uc$ to a%es4 ,:5ev] ! e>? ( a gravey>d yet conta9s en\gh oxyg5 = ! corpses deposit$ !re1 ! dang]s are v few2 b :5ev] ?is is n ! case1 ! bodies ( ! dead und]go a horrible metamorphosis1 kn[n z putrefaction1 & become dang]\s to ! liv+ on acc\nt ( ! poison\s gases & o!r effluvia g5]at$4 ,we obs]ve ! same ph5om5on 9 our /oves4 ,:5 b v little air is admitt$ into !m1 ! combu/ion ( ev5 v inflammable mat]ial rema9s incomplete2 & /ifl+ gases 7= in/ance1 c>bonic oxide gas7 are produc$4 ,x is evid5t t a por\s soil facilitates decomposition1 ! products ( :i* x absorbs & reta9s till !y h ent]$ into "s h>mless comb9ation4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a limit to its effici5cy4 ,:5 x becomes ov]*>g$ ) ! products ( decomposition1 x c only hold a small quantity ( !m2 ! re/ are deliv]$ to ! wat]1 :i* p]meates x & ! air :i* passes ov] x4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is cle> t a v damp1 non-por\s soil into :i* ! air _c ent] favors putrefaction4 ,a /ate ( saturation is produc$ 9 ! c\rse ( "t 9 ! be/ ( cemet]ies by a cont9u$ sy/em ( ov]cr[d+4 ,al?\gh ov]cr[d+ ( cemet]ies is conf9$ almo/ entirely to ! c\ntries ( ,europe1 yet !re are _m ,am]ican burial-gr\nds 9 :i* ?is condition exi/s2 &1 :at is worse1 !y are annually multiply+4 ,"s ( ^! ov]cr[d$ gravey>ds are situat$ 9 l>ge cities1 9 ! c5tre ( a d5se population4 ,9 ^! *ur*y>ds x is impossible to dig a s+le grave )\t ! dis9t]r+ ( ! bones ( "o previ\sly buri$ !re4 ,imag9e ! consequ5ces ( su* a /ate6 ,isn't x f> bett] to remove ! possibility ( future disease & dang] at once ?an to all[ x to gr[ by degrees1 till x assumes a t]rible & fatal dim5sion8 ,isn't x bett] to refra9 f ! use ( cemet]ies entirely1 & resort in/ead to ! clean1 pure1 & undang]\s sy/em ( inc9]ation8 ,consid]6 ,does x agree ) our ideas ( "r & wrong to endang] ! lives ( our great-gr&*ildr5 or _! (fspr+ by our me?ods ( dispos+ ( ! dead8 ,=1 by ! "t !y appe> on ! /age ( ?is _w1 ! burial-gr\nd n[ sanit>y w h become a bre$+-place ( disease f ov]use4 ,:5 we remove burial-gr\nds to a di/ance1 we only po/pone ! evil4 ,we insure our own safety1 x is true1 by s do+2 b we encumb] ! gr\nd ) mo/ virul5t se$s1 & leave to future g5]ations--to ^? :o come aft] u--a t]rible crop ( pollution1 disease g]ms1 & dea?4 ,our own security f h>m %\ld n actuate u 9 ?is matt]4 ,we %\ld be wise en\gh to prev5t ! evil :ile we h ! p[]1 s t our (fspr+ w n ju/ly reproa* u = entail+ ^u !m su* a t]rible legacy4 ,among ,am]ican cities !re is none t ne$s a *ange ( me?od 9 ! disposal ( its dead z greatly z ,new ,orleans1 9 ,l\isiana4 ,^? t are m[$ d[n by ! grim rid] ( ! :ite horse _c be buri$ !re1 ow+ to ! excessive moi/ure ( ! gr\nd :i* surr\nds ! city & ! proximity ( ! wat] to ! surface4 ,x is impossible to dig two feet "u gr\nd )\t com+ to wat]4 ,at all times ! dead h be5 dispos$ ( 9 a v c>eless mann] 9 ,new ,orleans4 ,x is relat$ t dur+ ! yell[-fev] epidemic ( #ahec1 :5 ,new ,orleans _h a population ( #aej1jjj inhabitants1 ^? t _h di$ ( ! dread disease 7 ?r[n into tr5*es n ov] #ah in*es or two feet deep1 & cov]$ ) v little e>?2 s little1 inde$1 t ! fir/ ra9 t came along wa%$ x away4 ,9 a gravey>d situat$ 9 ! c5tral "p ( ! city1 7 buri$ 9 ?is mann] #djj bodies1 rec5t victims ( yell[ fev]1 & contam9at+ ! air ) poison\s exhalations4 ,! mayor ( ! city 0 ask$ to remove ! dang]\s condition ( ! burial-gr\nd4 ,he repli$1 8,t's n my bus9ess60 ,& ! commission] ( /reets1 :o 0 next approa*$1 answ]$ 9 a l _s4 ,! /ate ( affairs grew worse & worse2 & at la/1 ev5 ! negroes refus$ to act z grave-digg]s4 ,at pres5t1 !y h a sy/em ( entombm5t 9 ! ,cresc5t ,city4 ,^! tombs are 9 ! municipal cemet]ies1 #ce ( :i* are )9 ! city limits1 giv+ !m ! appe>ance ( a collection ( bak]s' ov5s4 ,! tombs are almo/ univ]sally made ( brick1 & :itewa%$4 ,!y v>y 9 size f #c #f feet to #aj #aj feet or #aj #bj feet2 !re is a po/ 9 ! c5tre1 :i* is surr\nd$ by %elves1 on :i* ! body--t is1 ! c(f9--is deposit$4 ,!re ! dead re/s = ab\t a ye>1 :5 x becomes necess>y to use ! tomb = ano!r corpse2 !n ! rema9s ( ! prec$+ occupant ( ! vault are rudely tak5 f ! casket & da%$ head ov] heels into a pit1 :]e !y are left to bre$ disease4 ,:at wond]1 exclaims ,kate ,field1 t yell[ fev] runs riot 9 ,new ,orleans1 :5 ! air reeks ) ! fe/]+ corruption ( #ce plague spots1 expos$ = six mon?s ( ! ye> to a tropical sun6 ,?9k h[ ! dea?-rate ( ,new ,orleans might be r$uc$ by abolition ( e>?-burials6 ,:at bett] field = mission>y "w ?an our own 8,sunny ,s\?08 ,! unheal?fulness ( ^! vaults is app>5t to all1 b1 ow+ to prejudice1 no o!r disposition ( ! dead has be5 adopt$4 ,b soon] or lat] ! inhabitants ( ,new ,orleans mu/ h rec\rse to cremation1 & burn _! dead1 z !y 7 =c$ to d once dur+ a *ol]a epidemic1 :5 #ace corpses 7 consign$ to ! dev\r+ elem5t4 ,= #cjj ye>s ,engli% *ur*y>ds h be5 s full t1 l ! "o 9 ,hamlet1 ,yorick's bones h _h to be dug out 9 ord] to put ,ophelia's 94 ,f "t to "t ! att5tion ( ! ,briti% au?orities 0 direct$ to ! %ameful /ate ( ! cemet]ies ( ! metropolis & o!r places4 ,9 t case ! matt] 0 br\ght be=e ,p>liam5t1 ! gov]nm5t ord]$ an inve/igation1 a committee 0 appo9t$ to exam9e ! grievances1 ! committee return$ a report ) ! te/imony ( witnesses1 & ! report 0 ord]$ pr9t$4 ,! report commonly made a v l>ge volume1 :i* look$ exce$+ly pretty on ! %elf on :i* x 0 plac$1 b became du/y 9 a comp>atively %ort "t f non-use4 ,! excitem5t _h quiet$ d[n1 public op9ion & ! press 7 pacifi$1 ,p>liam5t 0 satisfi$1 & ! condition ( ! burial-gr\nds rema9$ ! same z be=e4 ,! cemet]ies ( ,p>is1 ,france1 are 9 no bett] condition2 ! m\ld 9 ! old ,cimetire des ,innoc5ts is lit]ally saturat$ ) corpses2 ,montm>tre & ,mont ,p>nasse are ov]cr[d$4 ,z = ,pre la ,*aise1--! burial-place t has be5 prais$ 9 poetry & prose 7! re/+-place ( ,rac9e & ,molire71 t has be5 adjudg$ ! mo/ beautiful cemet]y 9 ! _w1--,pre la ,*aise is pack$ ) decay+ bodies4 ,a cable dispat* dat$ ,dec4 #bg1 #ahhc1 report$ t ! municipal c\ncil ( ! city ( ,p>is _h resolv$ ^u leav+ ^? t fell dur+ ! reign ( blood?ir/y ,la ,commune at ,pre la ,*aise = a p]iod ( #be ye>s4 ,ord9>y cadav]s mu/ be dug up aft] five ye>s1 to make room = _! gha/ly successors4 ,9 ,portugal ! soil has become s pack$ ) corpses t an ef=t 0 made to enact a law t aft] five ye>s all int]r$ bodies %\ld be dug up & subject$ to cremation4 ,?is means t aft] ! dead h saturat$ ! gr\nd ) disease-produc+ emanations1 & h exhal$ ne>ly all _! virul5t effluvia into ! atmosph]e1 sacrific+ ! welf>e ( ! liv+ to sup]/ition & prejudice1 a lat] inc9]ation %all take place to save space4 ,( ,am]ican cemet]ies1 ,i only ne$ m5tion ,pott]sfield ( ,new ,york1 ! "n ( :i* is n spok5 or he>d by an ,am]ican )\t an involunt>y %udd]4 ,our gravey>ds are1 ( c\rse1 n l ! cemet]ies ( ! ,old ,_w1 :]e ! exhumation ( bones takes place daily to make room = ! rec5tly deceas$1 b !y w become s unless ! damag+ prejudices are laid aside & some?+ is done to prev5t su* a poison\s & dang]\s situation4 ,9 "s ( ! old cemet]ies 9 our cities x has become impossible to dig ano!r grave4 ,rev4 ,john ,d4 ,beugless1 ,d4,d41 ?us describes ! burial-gr\nds ( ,new ,york ,city3 8,( ! great cemet]ies ab\t ,new ,york1 !re is n "o1 n ev5 ,woodl& or ,gre5wood1 9 ! public lots ( :i* ?ree or m bodies are n put 9 "o grave1--t ( ,john ,doe1 :o di$ f #8a b>e bodk91' be+ s&wi*$ betwe5 ^? ( ,ri*>d ,roe & ,james ,l[1 :o 7 victims respectively ( small-pox & yell[-fev]4 ,9 ! public or poor qu>t] ( ,calv>y ,cemet]y a f> worse /ate ( ?+s obta9s--m appall+ ?an ev5 ! fosse commune ( ,p>is1 = x is ! fosse commune sans *aux4 ,a tr5* is dug1 sev5 feet wide1 t5 to twelve feet deep1 & ( indef9ite l5g?1 9 :i* ! c(f9s are /[$1 ti] ^u ti]1 mak+ a flight ( /eps1 five or m deep1 & ) n en\gh e>? to hide "o f ! next4 ,& ?is is our vaunt$ #8,*ri/ian burial' 9 ?is new c\ntry1 ) its myriads ( broad acres6 ,:at %all our *ildr5 say ( u1 :5 !y come1 p]=ce1 f /ress ( space1 to build _! dwell+s ^u ^! b$s ( pe/il5ce80 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,crematorium ,,at ,,brescia4 7,f ,dr4 ,p9i's "w47 ,t is ! way we1 8! ,*ri/ian nation p> excell5ce10 treat fri5dless paup]s & crim9als4 ,%ame6 %ame6 ,a dog is m dec5tly int]r$4 ,! cemet]ies ( ! city ( ,brooklyn occupy ne>ly #bjjj acres ( l&4 ,a ?\ghtful em95t physician gives x z 8 op9ion t ! prevail+ s\?we/ w9d1 bl[+ ov] ^! corruption fe/]+ plague spots1 c>ries to ,flatbu% ! g]ms ( typhoid fev] & diph!ria1 & swells ! dea?-rate ( t city to its pres5t al>m+ magnitude4 ,! m "o consid]s cremation1 ! m "o f9ds himself wond]+ h[ x has come to pass t we practice int]m5t1 ) its _m faults & dang]s1 & d n burn our dead4 ,x is cle> t ov]cr[d+ ( burial-gr\nds mu/ lead to evil consequ5ces4 ,a gr\nd t is saturat$ ) putrefy+ mat]ial c emit naught b poison\s odors1 _c fail to contam9ate ! pure/ & cle>e/ wat]1 mu/ vitiate any atmosph]e4 ,inc9]ation des]ves ! respect to-day :i* ! anci5ts paid to x1 & is ! only way ( dispos+ ( ! dead s z to avoid ! t]rible consequ5ces ( ! mephitic gravey>d gases1 ( ! dang]s ) :i* ! ord9>y mode ( burial ?reat5s u4 ,! tru? 0 taught u by ! ,tuscans "s ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,at t "t a :ale 0 ca/ ^u ! %ore ( ,tuscany4 ,! inhabitants ( ! surr\nd+ c\ntry ha/5$ to ! spot1 & remov$ ! ribs ( ! l>ge fi%1 to hang !m 9 ! *ur*es z a mem5to ( ! r>e occurr5ce4 ,! fle% 0 left to rot 9 ! scor*+ s\!rn sun4 ,an epidemic ( typhoid fev] 0 ! result2 & :51 t5 ye>s lat]1 ano!r :ale happ5$ to /r& 9 ! same locality1 ! p1 hav+ become wise by its previ\s exp]i5ce1 de/roy$ ! mon/] by *opp+ x to pieces1 & burn+ ^!1 "o aft] ano!r4 ,!re are _m lurk+ dang]s1 ready to de/roy ! liv+1 9 ! burial-gr\nds ( ! pres5t day4 ,! mephitic vapors increase 9 quantity z decomposition advances1 & become f> m poison\s ?an ei!r ars5ic or prussic acid1 if ^! 7 uncomb9$ 9 _! natural /ate4 ,^! dang]\s gravey>d gases c spread to q a di/ance1 & !re=e c communicate ! mo/ malignant maladies at all times4 ,dr4 ,ayr claims t !y ext5d to a di/ance ( a hundr$ met]s2 "s au?orities ass]t t !y rea* sometimes twice ! di/ance4 ,?is occurs g5]ally :5 ! grave is air-tight above1 & ! surface lay] ( ! cemet]y soil is impor\s4 ,!n ! gas escapes :]e x f9ds ! lea/ resi/ance1--at ! sides1--& burr[s along "u ! e>? until x /rikes a cavity1 & bur/s into x1 or diffuses into ! air4 ,:5 ! grave (f]s no resi/ance above1 ! gas ent]s ! atmosph]e directly4 ,burial-gr\nds be/ fitt$ = cemet]y purposes %\ld be fe>$ mo/1 = x is evid5t t dryness & por\sness are qualities :i*1 al?\gh conducive to ! rapid decay ( a body1 v mu* facilitate ! escape ( gases4 ,! dang] is n obviat$ by deep burials4 ,9 t case ! morbific matt] is diffus$ ?r\gh ! subsoil4 ,if ! inhumations are s deep z to imp$e escapes at ! surface1 !re is only ! great] dang] ( escape by deep dra9age1 & ! pollution ( spr+s & wells4 ,dr4 ,reid detect$ ! escape ( delet]i\s miasma f graves m ?an tw5ty feet deep4 ,! dang] f inhal+ gravey>d gases is great4 ,ramazz9i relates h[ an av>ici\s grave-digg]1 by ! "n ( ,pi/o1 met ) in/antane\s dea? on desc5d+ into a vault to /eal ! %oes ( a corpse2 he 0 f\nd dead ^u ! body4 ,lancisius 7,de noxiis palud4 effluv4 ,,ii1 ,ep4 #a1 c4 #b1 p4 #aeb7 /ates t sev]al grave-digg]s di$ 9 a l mann] aft] ent]+ a newly op5$ vault1 :i* _h be5 set "u wat] by an inundation ( ! ,tib]1 & 9 :i* ! /agnant wat] _h reg5]at$ ! virul5t gases4 ,ung] gives an acc\nt ( a case simil> to t ( ,hagu5ot1 report$ fur!r on4 ,a vault 0 reop5$ 9 a conv5t at ,madrid1 = ! purpose ( deposit+ !re9 a fre% corpse4 ,:5 ! grave-digg] 0 ab\t to desc5d into x1 he fell d[n dead4 ,two o!r p]sons1 :o tri$ to save him1 %>$ 8 fate4 ,=tunatus ,licetus 7,de annull1 antiquitt4 c4 #bc7 relates t ?ree m51 :o w5t into a vault t 0 full ( semi-decompos$ bodies ) ! int5tion ( robb+1 lo/ _! lives4 ,:5 ! bodies 7 extract$1 !y 7 f\nd to be swoll5 & black4 ,?4 ,b>?ol9i 7,hi/ori>4 anat4 r>ior4 ,c4 ,,iv1 obs4 #cb1 p4 #bif7 made exp]im5ts 9 ,d5m>k :i* confirm ^! reports conc]n+ ! le?al action ( gravey>d gases1 & prove ! especial dang] f ! gases ( ! dead long p5t up 9 vaults4 ,he affirms t ^! noxi\s gases (t5 prove fatal1 dea? be+ prec$$ by dizz9ess & fa9t+4 ,! gases ( ,francis ,i op]at$ ) fatal effect ^u ! v&als :o broke op5 8 c(f91 9 ! "t ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 to rob x ( its treasures4 ,books on hygi5e teem ) examples ( ! le?al prop]ties ( an atmosph]e conta9+ c>bonic acid 9 excess4 ,a famili> in/ance is t ( ! pass5g]s ( ! %ip ,londond]ry1 9 #ahdh1 #aej ( :om 7 %ut up by ! capta9 dur+ a /orm1 9 ! /e]age #ah #aa #g feet4 ,sev5ty ( !m di$ 9 an incr$ibly %ort space ( "t1 ) convulsions & ble$+ at ! eyes & e>s4 ,hagu5ot reports t1 9 #agdd1 ! corpse ( a monk ( ! ,p5it5t ,ord]1 :o _h be5 buri$ 9 a vault "u ! *ur*1 0 exhum$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,notre ,dame1 at ,montpelli]1 ,france4 ,a man desc5d$ into ! vault to remove ! cadav]1 b1 be=e he got q d[n1 he 0 tak5 ) convulsions1 & fell unconsci\s into ! vault1 :]e he di$ ( suffocation4 ,a monk w5t d[n to rescue him1 b he too 0 tak5 sick1 &1 on hav+ be5 pull$ out imm$iately1 succumb$ quickly4 ,a ?ird1 :o _h ! c\rage to foll[ 8 example1 fell dead )\t be+ able to retire4 ,! same fate 0 res]v$ = a f\r? victim1--a bro!r ( ! fir/4 ,! bodies 7 pull$ out ) hooks2 ! /5* ( _! clo?+ 0 unbe>able4 ,lights held ne> ! op5+ ( ! vault ext+ui%$2 dogs1 cats1 & birds1 on be+ br\ght 9 contact ) ! poison\s gases1 di$1 ) all symptoms ( a sev]e convulsion1 9 a few m9utes4 ,"s ( ! mephitic gas 0 bottl$2 b :5 exp]im5t$ ) aft] two & "o-half mon?s1 x /ill _h all ( its dang]\s qualities4 ,9 #agdi1 :5 new vaults & graves 7 made 9 ! ,/4 ,eu/a*ius ,*ur* at ,p>is1 ,france1 cadav]s 7 dug up & plac$ tempor>ily 9 an old vault ( ! *ur*1 :i* _h rema9$ lock$ a long "t4 ,*ildr5 com+ to *ur* to prep>e = confirmation1 & ev5 adults1 fa9t$ on ent]+ ! sacr$ edifice1 & "s _h s]i\s attacks ( illness4 ,! same took place 9 ,/4 ,seba/ian ,*ur* at ,madrid1 ,spa91 9 #aghf2 ?ree times a grave bur/ op51 9 :i*1 b a %ort "t be=e1 a v corpul5t lady _h be5 buri$4 ,! horrible smell t arose f ?is grave prev5t$ ! read+ ( ! holy mass at ! high alt> dur+ a p]iod ( eight days4 ,at "o "t ! ,p>i% ,*ur* ( ,metz 0 s infect$ by ! gases ( a female corpse t x _h to be ab&on$1 & ! div9e s]vice remov$ to ano!r *ur*4 ,9 #ahda two m5 :o _h "s "w to d 9 a grave 9 ,/4 ,botolph's ,*ur*y>d1 ,aldgate1 ,engl&1 di$ almo/ in/antly on ent]+ x4 ,9 ! *ur*y>d at ,cobham1 9 ,surrey1 ,engl&1 on acc\nt ( "s *anges 9 ! *ur*1 "s bodies _h to be rais$4 ,! "w ( ! navvies 0 horrible beyond description1 & dang]\s beside4 ,x 0 p]=m$ v e>ly 9 ! morn+1 & 0 beset ) difficulties4 ,repeat$ doses ( g9 _h to be giv5 to ! m5 to keep !m at a k9d ( "w :i* !y c\ld only d "u ! influ5ce ( alcohol4 ,?ree m5 p]i%$ 9 #aheb1 at ,p>is1 f inhal+ ! gas t escap$ f c(f9s4 ,f\rcroy affirms t grave-digg+ is an unheal?y & dang]\s occupation1 & t all grave-digg]s he exam9$ %[$ symptoms ( sl[ poison+4 ,george ,a4 ,walk] decl>$ t no grave-digg] ev] :olly escap$ ! influ5ce ( gravey>d gases4 ,"s ( ! m5 employ$ 9 ?is way h notic$ ! peculi> smell ( ! gases on beg9n+ to dig4 ,monsieur ,patissi] reports sev]al dea?s due to grave-digg+2 & ,mr4 ,*adwick ass]ts t ! vocation ( a sexton %ort5s life "o-?ird4 ,usually grave-digg]s are heavy dr9k]s2 !y take to dr9k+ to resi/ ! malignant influ5ce ( ! vapors :i* arise sl[ly b surely out ( ! cemet]y soil1 & to d away ) any 8maudl9 s5tim5tality0 t may /ill l+] 9 _! he>ts1 & t might int]f]e ) _! horrible "w4 ,on ,m>* #a1 #ahhf1 ,m>ke ,?ornton1 ( ,wa%+ton1 ,ga41 met ) a s+ul> dea?4 ,8 decease result$ f inhal+ poison\s gas :i* seep$ ?r\gh into a grave he 0 digg+ by ! side ( ano!r4 ,! o!r m5 at "w ) him left ! grave z soon z !y detect$ ! gas1 b ,?ornton1 ?9k+ !re 0 no dang] 9 x1 rema9$ & di$4 ,! action ( cemet]y gases on ! human body manife/s itself 9 a v>iety ( ways4 ,sir ,t4 ,sp5c] ,wells /ates t decompos+ human rema9s s pollute e>?1 air1 & wat] z to dim9i% ! g5]al heal? & av]age duration ( life4 ,dr4 ,lyon ,playfair affirms t ! inspiration ( gravey>d gases does n always cause "o =m ( decay or putrefaction1 b t x dep5ds entirely ^u ! organs attack$4 ,ent]+ ! blood1 x produces fev]2 communicat$ to ! visc]a1 x gives orig9 to di>rha1 & may1 ,dr4 ,playfair ?9ks1 ev5 be ! s\rce ( consumption4 ,:5 ! irrespirable gas ent]s ! respiratory tract1 ,dr4 ,s\?wood ,smi? claims t x is convey$ into ! sy/em ?r\gh ! ?9 & delicate walls ( ! air-vesicles ( ! lungs 9 ! act ( respiration4 ,he /ates t turp5t9e1 = in/ance1 if only inhal$ :5 pass+ ?r\gh a room t 0 rec5tly pa9t$1 w exhibit its effects 9 "s ( ! fluid excretions ( ! body ev5 m rapidly ?an if x _h be5 tak5 into ! /oma*4 ,dr4 ,riecke ?9ks t putrid emanations op]ate also ?r\gh ! olfactory n]ves by p[]ful1 p5etrat+1 & (f5sive smells4 ,cemet]ies are bre$+ gr\nds z well z foci ( disease & dea?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,crematorium ,,at ,,wok+1 ,,engl&4 ,mr4 ,*adwick1 9 8 8,report on ! ,practice ( ,int]m5t 9 ,t[ns0 7,london1 #ahdc71 writes3-- 8,! injuri\s effects ( exhalations f ! decomposition 9 "q on ! heal? & life ( man is prov$ by a suffici5t numb] ( tru/wor?y facts4 ,! injuri\s influ5ce is manife/ 9 proportion to ! conc5tration ( ! emanations4 ,sometimes x produces asphyxia & sudd5 dea?4 ,9 a less conc5trat$ /ate ! emanations produce fa9t+1 nausea1 heada*e1 languor4 ,if1 h[ev]1 !y are (t5 repeat$1 !y produce n]v\s & o!r fev]s1 or imp>t to fev]s aris+ f o!r causes a typhoid type4444 ,z !re appe> to be no cases 9 :i* ! emanations f decompos+ human rema9s are n ( a delet]i\s nature1 s !re is no case 9 :i* ! liability to dang] %\ld be incurr$ by int]m5t amid/ ! dwell+s ( ! liv+1 x be+ e/abli%$ z a g5]al conclusion t all int]m5ts 9 t[ns :]e bodies decompose1 contribute to ! mass ( atmosph]ic impurity :i* is injuri\s to public heal?40 ,! ,italian physician ,felix ,dell',acqua gives x z 8 op9ion 79 8 /udy on cremation71 t gravey>ds infect ! e>?1 ! air1 & ! wat]1 & con/antly endang] public heal? dur+ an epidemic4 ,dr4 ,polli prov$ t graves det]iorate ! air we brea! & contam9ate ! wat] we dr9k1 by load+ !m ) organic matt]4 ,pr(4 ,antonio ,selmi1 ( ,mantua1 claims to h discov]$ organic g]ms 9 ! air above graves1 :i* he call$ septopneuma1 & :i*1 :5 inject$ "u ! sk9 ( a pigeon1 caus$ a typhus-l disease t end$ 9 dea? )9 ?ree days4 ,specific g]ms may ent] ! atmosph]e f ! graves1 :i* convey ! deadlie/ ( maladies1 be+ c>ri$ v f> by ! w9d4 ,b ! ag5t t makes cemet]y gases s dang]\s is c>bonic acid4 ,dr4 ,p>kes 7,practical ,hygi5e71 ! em95t ,engli% sci5ti/1 says3-- 8,! decomposition ( bodies gives rise to a v l>ge am\nt ( c>bonic acid4 ,ammonia & an (f5sive putrid vapor are also giv5 (f4 ,! air ( mo/ cemet]ies is ri*] 9 c>bonic acid1 & ! organic matt] is p]ceptibly l>ge1 :5 te/$ by potassium p]manganate40 ,x is a well-kn[n fact t c>bonic acid1 :5 inhal$ 9 an undilut$ /ate1 causes dea?2 x is fatal to all =ms ( life4 ,:5 inhal$ dilut$ ) air x int]f]es ) ! introduction ( oxyg5 into ! body1 & causes ! c>bonic acid1 :i* %\ld be elim9at$1 to be reta9$4 ,?is1 no d\bt1 prev5ts ! prop] tissue *anges1 & mu/ 9 "t und]m9e ! heal?ie/ body by s]i\sly affect+ its nutrition4 ,dr4 ,e4 ,j4 ,b]m+ham 7,disposal ( ! ,dead7 says3-- 8,! effect ( con/antly brea?+ an atmosph]e conta9+ an excess ( c>bonic acid is n p]fectly kn[n4 ,dr4 ,angus ,smi? has attempt$ to det]m9e ! effect ( c>bonic acid p] se--! influ5ce ( organic matt] ( respiration be+ elim9at$4 ,he f\nd t ?ree volumes p] ?\s& caus$ great feebl5ess ( ! circulation1 ) dim9i%$ rapidity ( ! he>t's action2 ! respirations 71 on ! contr>y1 quick5$1 & 7 sometimes gasp+4 ,^! effects 7 less5$ :5 ! am\nt ( c>bonic acid 0 small]2 b 7 p]ceptible :5 ! am\nt 0 z l[ z "o volume p] ?\s&40 ,accord+ to ,hab]man1 s5sitive & n]v\s p]sons h be5 tak5 ill :5 walk+ by a cemet]y4 ,p4 ,fraz]1 ,jr41 says3 8,a sexton & ! son ( a lady :o di$ sev5 days be=e w5t d[n into ! vault4 ,bo? 7 affect$ ) sickness & nausea2 "o 0 affect$ = "s ye>s2 ! son _h ulc]ation ( ! ?roat = two ye>s40 ,mr4 ,william ,eassie affirms t1 8accord+ to a report ( ! ,fr5* ,academy ( ,m$ic9e1 ! putrid emanations ( ,pre la ,*aise1 ,montm>tre1 & ,montp>nasse h caus$ frightful diseases ( ! ?roat & lungs1 to :i* numb]s ( bo? sexes fall victims e ye>4 ,?us a dreadful ?roat disease :i* baffles ! skill ( our mo/ exp]i5c$ m$ical m51 & :i* c>ries (f its victims 9 a few h\rs1 is trac$ to ! absorption ( vitiat$ air into ! w9dpipe1 & has be5 obs]v$ to rage ) ! greate/ viol5ce 9 ^? qu>t]s situat$ ne>e/ to cemet]ies40 ,! mo/ common diseases produc$ by gravey>d gases are diph!ria1 ?roat & pulmon>y affections1 sev]e di>rha1 & dys5t]y4 ,! numb] ( cases report$ is enorm\s4 ,_m cases h be5 made public by ,drs4 ,p>kes & ,t>dieu4 ,ramazz9i 7,maladies des ,artisans1 p4 #ga7 ass]ts t sextons1 ^: bus9ess (t5 compels !m to ent] places :]e !re are putrefy+ bodies1 are subject to malignant fev]s1 asphyxia1 & suffocat+ cat>rhs4 ,f\rcroy affirms t !re are innum]able examples ( ! p]nici\s effects ( cadav]ic exhalations4 ,x has be5 /at$ t ! c>bonic acid g5]at$ by ! decay+ bodies is tak5 up by ! plants1 %rubb]y1 & trees ab\nd+ 9 cemet]ies & _! neighborhood4 ,t excell5t & well-edit$ newspap] ,iron decl>es3 8,! consumption ( vegetables ^: roots _h be5 n\ri%$ by ! defunct memb]s ( a family w\ld h>dly be enjoy$ by ! survivors1 unless1 inde$1 !y possess$ ! philosophic m9d & robu/ appetite ( ! ,fr5* g5tleman :o decl>$ t1 ) a c]ta9 sauce1 #8on mang]ait bi5 son pre4'0 ,i d n believe t v mu* c>bonic acid is absorb$ by ! botanical burial-gr\nd decorations2 c]ta9ly n en\gh to prev5t its toxic action & ! vitiation ( ! air4 ,_m a "t 0 premature exhumation foll[$ by fatal consequ5ces4 ,9 ! *ur* ( a village ne> ,nantes1 ,france1 ! rema9s ( an ari/ocrat 7 buri$ 9 #aggd4 ,by accid5t "s ( ! o!r graves 7 op5$1 among !m "o :i* conta9$ ! corpse ( a man :o _h be5 buri$ ?ree mon?s be=e4 ,an unbe>able odor imm$iately fill$ ! *ur*4 ,_m p]sons :o _h att5d$ at ?is burial 7 tak5 sick2 fifte5 di$ 9 a %ort "t1 ! fir/ to dep>t be+ ! grave-digg] :o _h op5$ ! graves4 ,vicq d',azyr /ates t an epidemic 0 produc$ 9 ,auv]gne1 by ! op5+ ( an old gravey>d4 ,norman ,*ev]s 7,european ,soldi]s 9 ,india1 p4 #djd7 ref]s to ! unheal?9ess ( ! cont95t at ,sukkur1 ,india4 ,fev]s ( ! mo/ malignant type 7 ab\nd+1 ow+ to an anci5t ,mussulman burial-gr\nd on :i* ! /ation 0 plac$4 ,t>dieu1 ! em95t ,fr5* physician & sci5ti/1 relates 7,dict4 d',hygi5e1 p4 #eag7 t ! excavation ( an old cemet]y ( a conv5t 9 ,p>is caus$ illness 9 ! occupants ( ! adjac5t dwell+s4 ,t>dieu 7,ibid41 p4 #dfc7 compil$ a v consid]able numb] ( cases1 n only ( asphyxia1 b ( sev]al febrile affections produc$ by exhumation & di/urbance ( bodies4 ,bascom relates t :5 ! p>i% *ur* 9 ,m9*9hampton1 ,engl&1 0 rebuild+ 9 #ahdc1 ! black e>? ( ! cemet]y surr\nd+ x1 or :at 0 sup]flu\s1 0 dispos$ ( = manure1 be+ spread ^u adjo9+ fields4 ,! e>? 0 remov$ to *ange ! grade ( ! *ur*y>d4 ,! result 0 t an epidemic broke out 9 ! neighborhood4 ,*ildr5 on _! way to s*ool took x4 ,sev5te5 dea?s occurr$1 & m ?an #bjj *ildr5 _h measles1 sc>let fev]1 & v>i\s eruptions4 ,x seems1 h[ev]1 z ?\gh ! above figures are n q correct1 = ,mr4 ,eassie1 :o has lately made p]sonal inquiries ^u ! spot1 insi/s t ! mis*ief :i* result$ has be5 ev5 und]/at$1 & t ! population 0 ne>ly decimat$4 ,dr4 ,adalb]t ,kuettl+] br+s =w>d ! sequ5t case to prove ! delet]i\s action ( cemet]y gases4 ,a v obese lady di$ dur+ ! mon? ( ,july1 #ahed4 ,previ\s to dea? %e _h reque/$1 z a special favor1 t h] rema9s be buri$ 9 ! *ur* to :i* %e belong$4 ,?is 0 grant$ & promis$ h]4 ,aft] h] demise %e 0 int]r$ 9 a vault ( ! *ur*1 & ! next day ! m9i/] deliv]$ ! fun]al oration4 ,x 0 v w>m t day2 sev]al mon?s be=e ! lady's dep>ture !re _h be5 aridity1 & n a drop ( ra9 _h fall5 9 a long "t4 ,! fun]al s]mon _h be5 deliv]$ on a ,saturday2 on ! foll[+ ,sunday ! ,prote/ant cl]gyman prea*$ to an assemblage ( ne>ly #ijj1 :o _h come to att5d ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,! w>m wea!r /ill cont9u$2 _m _h to leave *ur* dur+ ! s]vice to keep f fa9t+2 _m swoon$ away be=e !y c\ld )draw4 ,9 ,g]many p fa/ be=e !y communicate4 ,! s]mon la/$ ne>ly "o h\r & "o qu>t]1 aft] :i* ! bread 0 consecrat$ & /ood uncov]$--accord+ to cu/om--dur+ ! c]emony4 ,!re 7 #ahj communicants4 ,"o qu>t] ( an h\r aft] ! solemnity1 be=e !y _h "t to leave ! *ur*1 m ?an #fj became ill2 "s di$ 9 sev]e convulsions2 o!rs1 :o _h plac$ !mselves imm$iately "u m$ical treatm5t1 recov]$4 ,! con/]nation among ! :ole congregation & citiz5s 0 great4 ,!re 0 a g5]al belief t ! w9e us$ at ! communion _h be5 poison$4 ,! sexton & "s o!r individuals :o assi/$ at div9e s]vice 7 imprison$4 ,! next ,sunday ! m9i/] deliv]$ a sev]e s]mon1 & po9t$ out sev]al ( 8 p>i%ion]s z p>ticipants 9 ! conspiracy4 ,?is en?usia/ic s]mon 0 pr9t$ & widely circulat$4 ,! prison]s _h to endure cruel treatm5t4 ,!y rema9$ inc>c]at$ a :ole week1 & "s1 x is said1 7 tortur$2 yet !y always insi/$ ^u _! innoc5ce4 ,! second ,sunday f ! "t ( ! fatal occurr5ce1 ! city au?orities ord]$ t a *alice %\ld /& uncov]$ on ! alt> "o h\r4 ,! "t _h h>dly pass$ :5 x 0 notic$ t ! w9e 0 cov]$ ) ?\s&s ( little insects1 :i*1 by means ( ! sunbeams1 7 trac$ to ! grave ( ! corpul5t lady :o _h be5 buri$ f\rte5 days be=e4 ,f\r m5 7 commission$ to op5 ! vault & remove ! c(f94 ,:5 !y attempt$ ?is1 two ( !m di$ at once1 & ! o!rs 7 only sav$ by ! great ef=ts ( ! physician 9 att5dance4 ,! accus$ 7 lib]at$1 & ! city c\ncil & cl]gyman begg$ _! p>don4 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,r5d]1 9 8,a ,t\r ?r\gh ,g]many10 says3-- 8,two ( ! crew ( an ,am]ican m]*ant %ip w5t a%ore ne> ,canton1 to dig a grave to bury a dead %ipmate4 ,! spade /ruck & p5etrat$ a c(f9 ( a man buri$ a few mon?s be=e1 & ! dis*>ge ( gas /ruck d[n bo? ! sailors1 :o1 ?\gh tak5 back to ! %ip1 di$ )9 five days40 ,i d\bt t !re is any "o :o w ass]t t x is delightful to dr9k an aque\s solution ( "o's own gr&fa!r or great-gr&mo!r1 yet !re are _m :o d s4 ,! emanations f our ance/ors may & d filt] ?r\gh ! e>?1 & get into ! wat] we dr9k4 ,?9k ( t6 ,wells1 spr+s1 & riv]s are pollut$ by ! infiltration ( wat] highly *>g$ ) organic matt]4 ,(t5 su* wat] has be5 ! cause ( fatal disease1 yet no?+ 0 done to gu>d aga9/ x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,dor*e/]-,,%ire ,,cremation ,,furnace4 ,pr(4 ,victor ,c4 ,vaughan1 ,m4,d41 ,ph4,d41 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,mi*igan1 9 a pap] on 8,wat] ,supply10 read at a sanit>y conv5tion at ,ypsilanti1 ,mi*41 ,july #a1 #ahhe1 /ates3-- 8,to %[ y ! /upidity & recklessness ( p1 ev5 9 ?is enlight5$ c5tury1 :i* is manife/$ conc]n+ ! contam9ation ( wat]1 ,i mu/ m5tion "o o!r case4 ,!re is 9 ! c\nty ( ,kalamazoo1 9 ?is /ate1 a nice little village by ! "n ( ,ri*l&4 ,x is situat$ 9 a mo/ beautiful f>m+ c\ntry4 ,! f>m]s ( t region h gr[n ri* on acc\nt ( ! f]tility ( ! soil & o!r special advantages4 ,a few ye>s ago ! village bo>d desir$ to select a new site = a cemet]y1 & *ose "o )9 ! village limits1 & )9 #cj rods ( a well own$ by an old physician1 ,dr4 ,pat*94 ,i always tell names 9 su* cases1 because !y tell ! tru?1 & any "o c inve/igate !m4 ,! old doctor object$ to ! location ( ! cemet]y s ne> 8 h\se & well1 & z ! result ( 8 objection !re 0 a lawsuit2 & if y w p>don me1 ,i w m5tion some?+ ( ! condition ( ! l& & "s exp]im5ts t 7 made4 ,!re 7 "s #ah in*es ( ri* prairie l&1 !n bel[ ?is "s two or ?ree feet ( h>d-pan1 bel[ ?is !re 7 #ah or #bj feet ( gravel1 su* z we h all ?r\gh ! s\!rn "p ( ,mi*igan4 ,9 digg+ ! graves ! bodies w\ld be put into ?is gravel4 ,! gravel 0 s loose & s moi/ t 9 digg+ graves x 0 necess>y to put 9 box+ to prev5t ! gravel f p\r+ 9 :ile ! grave 0 be+ dug4 ,bel[ ! gravel1 & ab\t #cj feet bel[ ! surface1 0 an imp]vi\s b$ ( clay1 ) a slope f ! cemet]y t[>ds ! well4 ,x became a "q n[ z to :e!r !re 0 a possibility ( ! contam9ation ( ?is well f bury+ bodies 9 ! propos$ new cemet]y4 ,i 0 call$1 & aft] /udy+ ! geological =mation1 conclud$ t !re 0 a possibility ( su* contam9ation4 ,! well 0 pump$ dry twice a day1 & on an av]age fifte5 b>rels tak5 f x ea* pump+4 ,to %[ h[ ridicul\s "s !ories are t h be5 advanc$ ^u t subject1 ,i w /ate t ,i 0 met 9 c\rt ) ?is /atem5t3 t x w\ld be impossible = any ( ! wat] or ra9 fall+ ^u ?is cemet]y1 #cj rods di/ant1 to rea* ! well1 because1 z 0 f\nd 9 "s old book1 all ! wat] t goes into a well is t :i* falls ^u a surface :i* w be enclos$ 9 a circle ^: c5t] 0 ! m\? ( ! well1 & ^: radius 0 ! dep? ( ! well4 ,?is /atem5t 0 made indep5d5t ( any lay ( ! l& or ! geological =mation1 & )\t any consid]ation :atev] ( ! surr\nd+ c\ntry4 ,=tunately ?is c be met v easily4 ,?irty b>rels ( wat] 7 pump$ f ! well ea* day4 ,we "k ! am\nt ( ra9fall 9 ,mi*igan p] ye>1 & we c calculate v easily ! numb] ( b>rels t w\ld fall ^u ?is surface enclos$ 9 a circle ^: c5t] 0 ! m\? ( ! well1 & ^: radius 0 ! dep? ( ! well2 & z ! result ( su* a calculation we f9d t ! am\nt ( ra9 fall+ ^u ?is surface dur+ ! ye> w\ld n supply ! well m ?an two or ?ree days4 ,return+ home & detail+ ! trip to ,dr4 ,langley1 he sugge/$ t a direct exp]im5t might be made to see :e!r matt] w\ld pass f ! propos$ cemet]y to ! well or n4 ,he te/$ ! wat] ( ! well = li?ium1 a sub/ance easily detect$1 f\nd x 0 abs5t1 !n _h a salt ( li?ium s[n ov] ! propos$ cemet]y1 & !n exam9$ ! wat] ( ! well ea* day !reaft]2 & on ! eighte5? day aft] ! li?ium 0 s[n ov] ! cemet]y x 0 f\nd 9 ! wat] ( ! well1 %[+ t ! wat] did unque/ionably p5etrate ! soil1 pass d[n to ! imp]vi\s b$ ( clay :i* 0 ! wat]%$ ^u :i* ! wat] 9 ! well collect$1 & !nce into ! well4 ,not)/&+ pro(s s positive z ?is1 a le>n$ judge 9 ,mi*igan dismiss$ ! case1 & all[$ ! cemet]y to be locat$ !re1 ) a possibility ( poison+ a numb] ( families4 ,z a result1 ! families ( ! neighborhood _h to discont9ue ! use ( _! well-wat]40 ,pr(essor ,vaughan holds t ! popul> belief t if wat] filt]s = any di/ance ?r\gh ! soil x is purifi$1 is an errone\s belief1 & cites a numb] ( exp]im5ts made by himself1 & num]\s cases1 9 support ( ! ass]tion4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,h4 ,b4 ,bak]1 secret>y ( ! ,mi*igan ,/ate ,bo>d ( ,heal? 7vide ,report = #ahgd1 p4 #acf71 a t]rible epidemic ( c]ebro-sp9al m5+itis1 t wa/$ ! village ( ,pet]sburg 9 ! e>ly "p ( #ahgd1 0 attributable to a spr+ five paces f a h\se & #ae paces f a cemet]y1 :i* is on gr\nd f #ab to #ae feet high] ?an ! level ( ! spr+4 ,ab\t #ah paces f ! spr+ 0 a rec5t grave4 ,pr(4 ,r4 ,c4 ,k$zie1 ( ! ,mi*igan ,/ate ,agricultural ,college1 to :om "s ( ! wat] 0 s5t = analysis1 conclud$ 8 report z foll[s3-- 8,! pres5ce 9 ^! wat]s ( unusual quantities ( *lorides1 ( ammonia1 ( album9oid ammonia1 ( nitrates & nitrites1 & f9ally ( phosphates1 %[s ^! wat]s to be v unusual 9 _! composition4 ,we might acc\nt = ! pres5ce ( all ^! sub/ances if matt]s v ri* 9 nitrog5 & phosphorus1 e4g41 fle%1 7 und]go+ decomposition 9 _! vic9ity1 & ! results ( ?is decomposition pass$ directly into ?is wat]4 ,! fact t ! spr+ is ne> & lies bel[ ! level ( ! gravey>d1 t ! well is 9 ! mid/ ( an old ,indian gravey>d1 gives mu* plausibility to ?is explanation4 ,! fact t ! fir/ p]son attack$ ) c]ebro-sp9al m5+itis 9 ,pet]sburg us$ ! wat] ( ?is well1 & t o!rs :o us$ ! spr+ wat] 7 attack$ ) ! same disease1 w\ld v naturally attract v significant att5tion to ! composition ( ^! wat]s z hav+ "s possible connection ) ! epidemic40 ,= sev]al ye>s _m resid5ts ( ,nyack1 ,n4,y41 h prote/$ aga9/ ! encroa*m5t ( ! ,oak ,hill ,cemet]y prop]ty ^u ! ?ickly populat$ portions ( ! village1 objections be+ pr9cipally made on sanit>y gr\nds4 ,exam9ation ( ! ponds & wells ( ! village has demon/rat$ t !y are be+ con/antly pollut$ by ! emanations f ! cemet]y4 ,n long ago ! ,detroit ,ev5+ ,news decl>$ t ! wells 9 ! neighborhood ( ,woodm]e ,cemet]y d n cat* ! ra9wat] until aft] x has be5 filt]$ ?r\gh ! ?\s&s ( graves 9 ! cemet]y1 fill$ ) decay+ bodies1 & t no wat] is obta9$ 9 ! vic9ity :i* is n discolor$ & has a bracki% ta/e4 ,aft] a heavy ra9 ! impurities are mo/ pron\nc$4 ,! resid5ts ( ,woodm]e h long ago giv5 ov] ! use ( wat] z a bev]age4 ,i d n blame !m4 ,i w\ld n l to dr9k fluid extract ( dead man myself4 ,! ,new ,york ,/aats ,zeitung1 a reliable ,g]man publication1 ( ,may #bg1 #ahhf1 relates t a lawsuit ( ,nor? ,b]g5 ,t[n%ip1 ,n4,j41 aga9/ ! ,weehawk5 ,cemet]y ,company1 0 tri$ ! prec$+ day be=e ,vice-,*ancellor ,van ,fleet1 at ,new>k1 ,n4,j4 ,! t[n%ip dem&s t = sanit>y reasons ! cemet]y %all be clos$ at once & no fur!r burials p]mitt$ 9 ! same4 ,sev]al physicians te/ifi$ to ! fact t diph!ria & o!r infecti\s diseases are endemic 9 ! t[n%ip1 & t !y are due ma9ly to ! unhygi5ic /ate ( ! cemet]y1 :i* lies 9 ! mo/ populat$ "p ( ! t[n%ip4 ,"o physician gave x z 8 op9ion t num]\s cases ( diph!ria t appe>$ among ! little pupils ( a s*ool 0 caus$ by dr9k+ wat] f a well 9 ! proximity ( ! cemet]y4 ,9 an address on 8,public ,heal?1 or ,sanit>y ,sci5ce10 read be=e ! m$ical society ( ! /ate ( ,we/ ,virg9ia1 ,may #bd1 #ahhb1 ,dr4 ,t4 ,s4 ,camd5 says3-- 8,! ,bo>d ( ,heal? report = #ahgi gives ! inve/igation ( an outbreak ( diph!ria 9 ,nor!rn ,v]mont1 :i* occurr$ 9 ,may1 #ahgi4 ,9 a s*ool ( #bb p]sons1 #af 7 pro/rat$ 9 two days1 "o-half ( :om di$4 ,^u inve/igation ! cause ( ! outbreak 0 f\nd to be f ! public dr9k+ wat] f a brook into :i* _h be5 ?r[n ! c>casses ( dead animals4 ,ano!r outbreak ( ! disease ( great virul5ce 0 caus$ by p]sons us+ wat] t 0 poison$ by ! dead c>cass ( an animal t _h be5 buri$ #ge feet di/ant f a spr+4 ,! grass 9 ?is in/ance %[$ by its luxuriance ! trace to ! spr+4 ,aft] ! g]ms 7 once develop$ 9 _m ( ^! cases by dr9k+ ! pollut$ wat]1 ! disease 0 communicat$ to o!r p]sons f> remov$ f ! cause ( ! prim>y outbreak4 ,"o convalesc5t pati5t communicat$ ! disease to six p]sons4 ,num]\s illu/rations ( ! importance ( sanit>y regulations are giv5 9 ^! epidemics40 ,?us we h illu/rations ( ! orig9 ( diph!ria f putrid animal matt]2 &1 aft] ! g]ms 7 implant$ 9 p]sons1 fatal epidemics spread1 & _m lives 7 lo/ t c\ld h be5 sav$ by prop] hygi5ic measures4 ,dr4 ,prosp] de ,pietra ,santa1 ! mo/ en?usia/ic ,fr5* cremationi/1 & a man :o has inve/igat$ ev]y?+ p]ta9+ to inc9]ation ?or\ghly1 calls att5tion to ! example ( ! villages ( ,rotondella & ,bollita4 ,! burial-gr\nds ( ^! ill-/>r$ villages 7 situat$ on ! summit ( hills t 7 beset ) woods4 ,!y 7 at ! lawful di/ance1 & to all appe>ances 9 a mo/ favorable location4 ,un=tunately1 ! spr+s f :i* ! inhabitants 7 accu/om$ to d]ive _! wat] supply em]g$ f ! base ( ! hills :i* 7 surm\nt$ by ! woods4 ,^! spr+s 7 ! result ( collections ( ra9wat]1 :i*1 p]colat+ ?r\gh ! e>? ( ! hills1 became impregnat$ ) ! organic matt] :i* ! gr\nd conta9$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( "t1 ! dr9k+-wat] ( ^! two villages became s contam9at$ t x caus$ a frightful epidemic4 ,pr(4 ,dr4 ,e4 ,rei*>dt1 ( ,j5a 7,gesundheit ,i1 ,no4 #a71 publi%$ a l>ge numb] ( cases 9 :i* dr9k+-wat] 0 pollut$ by cemet]y emanations4 ,_m cases are on record :]e wat] contam9at$ by gravey>d emanations1 by poison\s fluids ooz+ ?r\gh ! soil1 has prov5 h>mful to heal?4 ,num]\s cases ( typhoid fev] sprung f ?is s\rce4 ,contagi\s diseases c also be communicat$ 9 ?is way4 ,riecke & ,galtie h compil$ /ati/ics ( cases ( typhoid fev] & o!r contagi\s maladies due to ?is cause t )/& ! sev]e/ criticism4 8,! riv]s die into (f5sive pools1 ,&1 *>g$ ) putrefaction1 brea! a gross ,& mortal nuisance into all ! air40 ,illu/ration3 ,,cremation ,,9 ,,! ,,casem5ts ,,( ,,p>is ,,dur+ ,,! ,,reign ,,( ,,! ,,commune4 ,kate ,field1 ! well-kn[n au?or & lectur]1 says3 8,^! are times t are try+ m5's & wom5's bodies q z mu* z _! s\ls4 ,! zymotic diseases break+ out 9 :at 7 =m]ly heal?y villages may set ev5 ! bl9de/ to seek = causes2 & p]haps ! mo/ prejudic$ may f9ally be =c$ to admit t "o great s\rce ( wat] contam9ation is ! exi/5ce ( multitud9\s gravey>ds contigu\s to habitations4 ,9 my daily excursions on horseback1 :i* cov] ab\t #ae miles1 ,i c\nt sev5 gravey>ds p]*$ on hills1 ! occupants ( ! adjac5t t[ns prep>+ = spe$y exit f ?is _w by liv+ bel[ ! dead & us+ well-wat]4 ,sugge/ to !m t ! prevail+ #8mal>ia' may be due to dr9k+ up ! rema9s ( _! deceas$ ance/ors1 & a h[l ( #8sacrilege' r5ds ! air40 ,& 9 an admirable essay on cremation 9 ! ,/4 ,l\is ,daily ,globe-,democrat ( ,july #ab1 #ahhe1 ?is graceful writ]1 des]v$ly not$1 /ates3-- 8,new ,engl& villages1 once s free f ills1 are tak+ on ! airs ( invalids2 & x is (t5 a "q :e!r families t rema9 9 big t[ns dur+ ! summ] are n bett] (f ?an _! weal?i] neighbors1 :o hie to ov]cr[d$ s-call$ wat]+ places1 n unfrequ5tly return+ ) g]ms ( typhoid fev] 9 _! sy/ems1 t lat] breaks =? to _! amazem5t1 & = :i* !y are at a loss to acc\nt4 ,!y =get h[ !y drank well-wat]1 ! spr+s ( :i* p]colat$ ?r\gh peaceful village gravey>ds4 ,man's wor/ enemies are 8 own sup]/ition & ignorance4 8,i le>n$ by t]rible exp]i5ce :5 v "y ! horrors ( e>? burial4 ,i n[ "k its crime aga9/ ! liv+40 ,miss ,field is n only conv]t$ to b conv9c$ ( inc9]ation1 conv9c$ t x is pref]able to any o!r me?od2 ! mom5t a cremation society 0 incorporat$ 9 ,new ,york1 %e became a memb]4 ,col4 ,r4 ,e4 ,:itman1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 rem>ks3 8,p :o wond] at ! *ange t has come ov] our ,new ,engl& villages1 ! homes ( a vigor\s ance/ry1 & deplore ! adv5t ( ?is my/]i\s #8mal>ia1' ! unse5 vampire t sucks ! r$ blood ( ! pres5t g5]ation1 w\ld d well to look ab\t !m & see h[ ! gravey>ds1 old & new1 h gr[n 9 two c5turies1 h[ ! t[n has surr\nd$ !m2 h[ ! wat] supply is f ! same old wells2 h[ ! t[n1 nev] hav+ arriv$ at a magnitude seem+ to dem& a sew]age sy/em1 all[s ! refuse ( g5]ations to m+le ) ! surface soil4 ,x w\ld be a !me wor?y ( ! magic p5 ( ,na?aniel ,haw?orne4 ,imag9e 8 description ( wat] p]colat+ ?r\gh ! grave ( "s despis$ ,laz>us1 fe$+ ! well ( 8 life enemy1 ,dives1 & compell+ him daily to quaff ! poison 8 own cruel ignorance _h di/ill$40 ,und\bt$ly _m c\ntry t[ns ^: cemet]ies are 9 _! mid/ are dr9k+ daily1 despite ! ackn[l$g$ impurity ( ! wat]1 disease & dea?4 ,an ,engli% writ] v p]t95tly rem>ks t 8if ! =mation ( a deep sew] w suffice to dra9 dry ! wells ne> its l9e ( m>*1 !n ! s9k+ ( a well ne> a bury+-gr\nd mu/ help to dra9 ! latt]40 ,mu* compla9t 0 at "o "t made 9 ,engl&1 conc]n+ ! pollution ( wells by cemet]ies4 ,9 ,v]sailles1 ,france1 ! wat] ( ! wells :i* lie bel[ ! *ur*y>d ( ,/4 ,l\is1 c\ld n be us$ on acc\nt ( its pollution4 ,deep wells h be5 f\nd to be infect$ m ?an #fjj feet f ! cemet]ies4 ,9 ,france & 9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many1 ! op5+ ( wells )9 #cjj feet ( a cemet]y has be5 prohibit$4 ,! reports ( ! bo>ds ( heal? ( ,massa*usetts & ,new ,j]sey give abundant evid5ce t c\ntry gravey>ds (t5 contam9ate ! wat] supply :5 ! wells are on a l[] level4 ,! ,mi*igan reports also conta9 a description ( a case t occurr$ at ,gr& ,rapids4 ,a hygi5ic c\ncil held "s "t ago at ,brussels decid$ t wells c\ld n be safely dug ne>] ?an #djj y>ds to any gravey>d1 & t ev5 at t di/ance absolute protection 0 n c]ta94 ,! con/ant preval5ce ( dys5t]y at ,secund]abad1 9 ! ,deccan 7,india71 seems to h be5 p>tly due to ! wat] :i* filt]$ ?r\gh an ext5sive burial-gr\nd4 ,"o ( ! s\rces ( wat] conta9$1 by analysis1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,p>kes1 #aai gra9s ( solids p] gallon2 & 9 "s in/ances !re 7 #h1 #aa1 & ev5 #cj gra9s p] gallon1 ( organic matt]4 ,sir ,j4 ,mc,grigor p>tly attribut$ ! fatality ( dys5t]y 9 ! ,p59sula1 at ,ciudad ,rod]igo1 to ! use ( wat] p]colat+ ?r\gh a gravey>d 9 :i* ne>ly #bj1jjj bodies _h be5 ha/ily inhum$4 ,m$ical ,c\ncilor1 ,dr4 ,kue*5mei/]1 :o exam9$ ! wells ( ,dresd51 ,g]many1 discov]$ ! wat] to be v impure1 especially 9 ! new p>ts ( ! city1 & 9 ! vic9ity ( ! s-call$ 8,fr5*0 graves4 ,! same results 7 arriv$ at 9 ,zu]i*1 :]e x 0 demon/rat$ t ! typhoid fev] epidemic ( ,ausz]buehl 0 due to wat] r5d]$ impure by cadav]ic effluvia4 ,9 ,philadelphia1 ?ree cemet]ies1 conta9+ #hj1jjj graves1 are s situat$ z to be liable to dra9 into ! ,s*uylkill1 ! dr9k+-wat] ( #a1jjj1jjj ( p4 ,! di>rha preval5t dur+ ! ,c5t5nial ,exhibition 9 ! ,quak] ,city is said 7by _m em95t sanit>ians7 to h be5 caus$ by burial-gr\nd wat] drunk by /rang]s unaccu/om$ to x4 ,! monum5tal cemet]y at ,milan1 :i* is situat$ ^u a hill "s #ahj y>ds to ! nor? ( ! city1 0 prov$ to h be5 ! cause ( s]i\s illness 9 its neighborhood1 produc$ by ! contam9ation ( ! wells 9 ! vic9ity4 ,! wat] ( ! well ( ! ,place ,g>ibaldi 0 analyz$ by ,pr(essors ,p>vesi & ,rotundi1 :o f\nd x ta9t$ by organic matt]4 ,! ,atlanta ,m$ical ,j\rnal /ates t two "y ladies :o drank wat] f a spr+ situat$ on a hillside1 ne> an old gravey>d1 became sev]ely ill4 ,"o 0 seiz$ ) pymia & di>rha1 ! o!r ) typhoid fev]2 bo? di$4 ,cattle t drank ( ! wat] 7 also made sick4 ,pr(essor ,pumpilly has made c]ta9 by rec5t exp]im5ts t s&y soil does n prev5t bact]ial infection f ent]+ a well situat$ at a consid]able di/ance f cesspools & cemet]ies4 ,inde$1 he claims fur!r t 8dry gravel & co>se s& d n prev5t ! entrance into h\ses built ^u !m ( ^? microorganisms :i* sw>m 9 ! gr\nd-air1 ar\nd leaky cesspools1 ne> gravey>ds1 & 9 ! fil?y made l& ( cities40 ,an5t ! idea t ! gases & organic matt]s :i* arise f ! graves rapidly und]go *anges by ent]+ into new comb9ations :5 br\ght into contact ) ! e>?1 ,dr4 ,john ,o4 ,m>ble1 ( ,worce/]1 ,mass41 says3-- 8,! mon/r\s delusion t ! m]e contact ( ! corpse ) fre% e>? r5d]s x innocu\s1 & suffices = safe dis9fection1 is dissipat$ by ov]:elm+ evid5ce4 ,i di/9ctly rememb] my boyi% scruples conc]n+ ! wat] ( a well situat$ n fifty y>ds f graves 9 ! *ur*y>d adjo9+ my fa!r's g>d54 ,?is old #8,god's acre' ,i h a hundr$ times pass$1 9 my timid boyhood1 9 ! %ades ( night1 ) palpitat+ he>t1 & a pace rivall$ only by t ( ,tam ,o' ,%ant]'s /e$ f wit*-haunt$ ,kirk ,all[ay to ! #8,key/one' ( ! #8,brig o' ,doon4' ,my fa!r ov]came my scruples conc]n+ ! wat] by /at+ ! belief !n held1 t ! e>? 0 a purifi] & a safe depurator1 & t no h>m c\ld come to t well1 #cj feet deep1 ! pride & unfail+ s\rce ( supply ( ! neighborhood4 ,yet ,i1 t same autumn1 suff]$ a sev]e & ne>ly fatal attack ( typhoid fev]1 & ano!r memb] ( ! family 0 simil>ly affect$ a ye> lat]4 ,! fev] occurr$ :5 ! well 0 l[1 & ,i h no d\bt1 9 ! light ( pres5t k ( su* dang]s1 t1 repulsive z is ! ?\ght1 ,i drank wat] filt]$ ?r\gh ! bones ( my rev]$ ance/ors buri$ !re1 & t ! pollut$ wat] caus$ t illness4 ,to ^? :o criticise ! advocates ( cremation = quot+ anci5t examples only1 ( h>m f graves1 ?is in/ance w appe> suffici5tly rec5t & intimate40 ,oppon5ts ( inc9]ation1 :o lay great /ress ^u ! dis9fect+ p[]s ( ! e>?1 =get t ! soil is easily saturat$ by ! emanations f ! dead4 ,pr(essor ,presscott1 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,mi*igan1 says 9 reg>d to ?is matt]3-- 8,! purify+ p[] ( gr\nd1 l t ( ! air above x1 is limit$ & easily ov]*>g$4 ,if gr\nd-air be load$ ) m putresc5t vapor ?an x c oxidize1 !n poison is c>ri$ ?r\gh ! por\s e>?40 ,dr4 ,william ,port]1 ( ,/4 ,l\is1 ,mo41 has record$ ! foll[+ case3-- 8,a "y man di$ sudd5ly f diph!ria1 & 0 buri$ 9 ! village *ur*y>d4 ,at "s little di/ance 0 a well1 f :i* ! good *ur*-go]s drank freely ea* ,sunday4 ,f9ally ! wat] ( ! well became ftid1 = ! supply 0 infiltrat$ by ! horrible decomposition f ?is1 ! ne>e/ grave4 ,0 x n sugge/ive t #bj f t congregation di$ f diph!ria :ile ?is impure well 0 9 use8 ,^! p liv$ 9 m\nta9 homes1 9 a pure atmosph]e1 & ?\gh _m ( ^! cases 7 isolat$1--f> remov$ f o!rs1--yet 9 all ! disease 0 alike virul5t & deadly40 ,*ur*y>d emanations c p5etrate almo/ any?+2 !y h a rem>kable =ce4 ,! *airman & sup]9t5d5t ( sew]s ( ,holborn & ,f9sbury division1 ,london1 claim$ t putrid matt] f cemet]ies ov] #cj feet di/ant _h p5etrat$ ! cem5t & brick ( 8 dra94 ,sev]al ye>s ago1 :5 ,mr4 ,holl&1 ! ,engli% gov]nm5t inspector ( burial-gr\nds1 inve/igat$ ! /ate ( ,toot+ ,cemet]y1 x transpir$ t ! dra9age provid$ = ! burial-gr\nd 0 insuffici5t2 !re 0 m]ely a sy/em ( surface dra9age4 ,9 "o case 7admitt$ by ! cemet]y bo>d7 a c(f9 0 plac$ 9 a grave t conta9$ en\gh wat] to cov] ! head ( x4 ,! entire dra9age ( ! burial-gr\nd 0 conduct$ into a dit* ne> by1 :i* end$ 9 ! riv] ,w&le1 f :i* ! inhabitants obta9$ _! dr9k+-wat]4 ,le=t 79 a monograph to ! ,p>is ,academy ( ,sci5ces7 po9ts to ! possibility ( well-contam9ation by neighbor+ cemet]ies4 ,9 "o in/ance he detect$1 by *emical analysis1 t a well 0 pollut$ by a burial-gr\nd #ej metres di/ant4 ,illu/ration3 ,,retort ,,lanca/] ,,crematorium ,! ,p>isian sci5ti/ ,m4 ,du*amp detect$ a spr+ t p]colat$ entirely ?r\gh gravey>ds1 pick+ up organic matt] on ! way1 & t ta/$ v /rongly4 ,n a few analyses ( wat] ta9t$ by gravey>d emanations te/ify to ! fact t x is h>mful1 nay1 t x is extremely dang]\s1 to ^? :o consume x4 ,nor is ! dang] always app>5t4 ,9 #ahgd ! ,broad ,/reet pump at ,london1 ,engl&1 c>ri$ *ol]a to ^? :o drank its wat]2 yet ! latt] look$ clean1 _h no p]ceptible ta/e1 & 0 odorless4 8,! v wit*+ "t ( night ,:5 gravey>ds yawn1 & hell itself brea!s out ,contagion on ?is _w40 --,,%akespe>e4 ,to ! "q1 8,c an epidemic ( any k9d be caus$ by gravey>d emanations80 !re is b "o reply2 ! facts on record compel u to answ] 9 ! affirmative4 ,dr4 ,buck1 9 8 excell5t "w on ,hygi5e1 writes3 8,x is impossible = any "o to say h[ long ! mat]ies morbi may cont9ue to live und]gr\nd4 ,if organic matt] c be boil$ & froz5 )\t los+ its vitality1 & se$s #cjjj ye>s old w spr\t :5 plant$1 x w\ld be h>dihood to ass]t t ! poison ( *ol]a1 or small-pox1 or typhus may n = ye>s lie dormant1 b n dead1 9 ! moi/ temp]ature ( ! grave40 ,dr4 ,:eelh\se1 ( ,le$s1 ,engl&1 says3 8,d we n %un1 & t mo/ wisely1 ! pres5ce ( ^? afflict$ ) infecti\s diseases z long z !y rema9 among/ u2 & yet1 no soon] are !y remov$ by dea? ?an we are cont5t1 ) t5d] sympa?y inde$1 & mo/ lov+ c>e1 x is true 7b ) h[ mu* wisdom87 to lay !m 9 ! gr\nd1 t !y may sl[ly dissipate _! t]ribly infecti\s gases ?r\gh ! soil1 & saturat+ t1 may !reby re*>ge ! ra9s ( heav5 z !y filt] ?r\gh x1 ) all _! virul5ce & t]rible p[] ( reproduction 9 ! sy/ems ( ! liv+4 ,i am n ! ?or\gh & entire believ] 9 ! dis9fect+ & depurat+ p[] ( ! soil t ,i once 01 = t]rible examples ( its failure h1 9 my judgm5t1 come "u my notice40 ,(t5 ! site ( an old grave is us$ to make a new "o1 & 9 consequ5ce e>? is br\ght to light t is saturat$ ) ! effluvia ( corpses ( ^? :o1 p]haps1 h di$ ( "s contagi\s or infecti\s disease4 ,! crime t is committ$ by individuals :5 !y bury p]sons deceas$ ( su* maladies is pi?ily express$ by t *ampion ( mod]n cremation1 ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson1 :o says3 8,is x n inde$ a social s9 ( no small magnitude to s[ ! se$s ( disease & dea? broadca/1 c>+ only to be c]ta9 t !y _c d mu* h>m to our own g5]ation80 ,b su* is selfi% human nature6 ,! fir/ to %[ ! connection betwe5 epidemics & ! process ( decomposition 0 ,pr(essor ,pett5k(]1 ( ,muni*1 ,bav>ia4 ,he demon/rat$ t ! pres5ce ( putrefy+ organic bodies1 air1 moi/ure1 & w>m?1 9 a por\s soil1 are ! pot5t factors :i* orig9ate & develop pe/il5tial g]ms4 ,! great mortality1 ! sev]ity1 t att5d$ 9 =m] times ! appe>ance ( epidemics 9 cities :]e gravey>ds 7 situat$ 9 ! c5t] ( a l>ge population1 illu/rates ! deadly influ5ce :i* ^! 8,god's acres0 h4 ,sa9t ,augu/9e po9t$ to ! fact t epidemics are caus$ by decompos+ organic bodies4 ,=e/us report$ _m cases ( malignant fev] caus$ by ! emanations ( cadav]s4 ,ambrose ,p>1 ! r5[n$ ,fr5* surgeon1 9 #aefb demon/rat$ t a malignant 7pe/il5tial7 fev]1 !n rag+ 9 ,l',ag5ois1 0 due to ! putrid vapors aris+ f a neighbor+ well into :i* _m dead bodies1 soldi]s fall5 9 battle1 _h be5 ?r[n4 ,raul9 7,obs]v4 de ,m$47 relates h[ ! section ( a corpse at ,leicturm1 9 ! pla9 ( ,armagnac1 caus$ a frightful epidemic4 ,a t]rible pe/il5ce1 :i* decimat$ especially ! l[] classes1 0 orig9at$ 9 ,riorno 7,auv]gne7 by ! digg+ up ( ! gr\nd ( an old cemet]y1 done to beautify ! city4 ,jean ,wolf1 :o report$ ^u an epidemic ( malignant fev] 9 #agca1 attribut$ x to putrefy+ animal rema9s4 ,9 #ageb a man :o _h di$ ( small-pox #cj ye>s ago 0 dug up 9 ,*elwood1 a village ne> ,london1 ,engl&4 ,he _h be5 buri$ 9 an oak5 c(f9 :i*1 :5 tak5 up1 0 yet entire & c\ld h be5 s remov$ f ! grave4 ,b because ! grave-digg] c\ld n h&le x prop]ly he got impati5t & beat 9 ! cov] ( ! casket ) 8 spade1 :]eupon imm$iately a mephitic smell arose t fill$ ! air to "s di/ance4 ,! corpse1 :i* 0 to be deposit$ 9 a vault1 _h be5 a p]son ( consequ5ce1 & !re=e n only ! inhabitants ( 8 native village att5d$ ! exhumation1 b a good _m p f neighbor+ places4 ,b a few days aft] #ad p]sons contract$ small-pox1 & )9 a %ort "t ! entire village 0 infect$1 only two individuals enjoy+ immunity because !y _h _h ! disease4 ,al?\gh ! epidemic 0 ( a light "*1 two p]sons di$ ( x4 ,all ^? 9 ! surr\nd+ villages :o _h be5 at ! exhumation 7 also attack$ by small-pox4 ,riecke adduces analog\s cases1 & relates t ! op5+ ( a vault :i* conta9$ a victim ( small-pox 0 foll[$ by ! dea? ( a workman & ! infection ( ano!r p]son4 ,m>et is au?ority = ! foll[+ /atem5t3 ,a fev]1 complicat$ by ga/ric & cat>rhal disord]s1 0 preval5t 9 #aggc at ,saulieu1 ,burgundy2 b few ( ^? x attack$ di$4 ,?is 0 9 ! latt] "p ( ,febru>y4 ,on ! #c;d ( ,m>*1 a corpul5t body1 a victim ( ! disease1 0 buri$ 9 ! ca!dral1 & on ! #bj? ( ,april foll[+1 v ne> to ! fir/1 t ( a woman :o1 9 *ild-b$1 _h succumb$ to ! fev]4 ,m>et reports t :5 ! c(f9 0 l[]$ into ! vault1 ! ropes slipp$ f ! grasp ( ! m5 :o held !m2 ! c(f9 fell to ! gr\nd & broke2 a putrid fluid1 t fill$ ! *ur* ) a mo/ nauseat+ odor1 ooz$ f x4 ,( #agj p]sons :o rema9$ 9 ! *ur* f ! "t t ! grave 0 op5$ until ! conclusion ( ! c]emony1 #adi 7 attack$ by a malignant putrid fev]1 :i*1 be>+ _m ( ! *>act]i/ics ( ! preval5t fev]1 0 und\bt$ly ! result ( ! vitiation ( ! *ur*4 ,! city ( ,tacna1 ,p]u1 0 ye>ly visit$ at c]ta9 times by a p]nici\s fev]1 :i* caus$ _m dea?s4 ,! cemet]y 0 9 ! c5t] ( ! city4 ,f9ally1 ! dead 7 buri$ outside ( ! city limits1 & ! fev] disappe>$4 ,dur+ ! mon? ( ,m>*1 #agha1 & ! half-ye> prec$+ x1 an epidemic rag$ at ,pasajes1 ,spa91 :i* befell #abg p]sons1 ( :i* numb] #hc di$4 ,?is epidemic 0 attribut$ to ! poison\s vapors aris+ f ! ov]cr[d$ vaults ( ! p>i% *ur*4 ,tr\sseau m5tions ! case ( a grave-digg] :o 0 attack$ by small-pox soon aft] op5+ ! grave ( an individual :o _h di$ ( t malady _m ye>s ago4 ,mr4 ,coop] *>g$ an outbreak ( small-pox 9 ,eyam1 ,d]by%ire1 ,eng41 to ! excavation ( an old cemet]y4 ,a dispat* f ,montreal1 dat$ ,oct4 #bf1 #ahhe1 /ates t a grave-digg] ( ,/4 ,sulpice1 nam$ ,robitaille1 made a grave next to :]e a man :o di$ f small-pox a mon? ago 0 buri$4 ,at ! "t !re 0 no small-pox 9 ! village2 b ,robitaille1 "s days aft] digg+ ! grave1 sick5$ & f9ally di$ ( small-pox1 mak+ x evid5t t he contract$ ! disease f ! body ( a man :o _h be5 buri$ = a mon?4 ,rec5t sci5tific discov]ies confirm ! op9ion long held by p]sons end[$ ) common s5se t ! g]ms ( _m infecti\s & contagi\s diseases reta9 _! vitality & ! p[] to spread ! respective malady 9 ! grave & ! lay]s ( e>? surr\nd+ x4 ,by means ( ^! g]ms1 yell[ fev]1 *ol]a1 small-pox1 spl5ic fev]1 sc>let fev]1 diph!ria1 & o!r diseases belong+ to ! same category1 c be communicat$ f ! dead to ! liv+1 ev5 ye>s aft] burial4 ,conc]n+ spl5ic fev]1 :i* c be transmitt$ f animal to man1 ! great ,fr5* inve/igator & pa?ologi/1 ,l\is ,pa/eur1 says3-- 8,rec5tly1 we discov]$ ! *>act]i/ic g]ms 9 pits 9 :i* animals dead ( spl5ic fev] 7*>bon7 _h be5 buri$ = #ab ye>s2 & _! culture 0 z virul5t z t f ! blood ( an animal rec5tly dead4 ,an?racoid g]ms 9 ! e>? ( pits 9 :i* animals h be5 buri$ are br\ght to ! surface by e>?worms2 & 9 ?is fact we may f9d ! :ole etiology ( ! disease1 inasmu* z ! animals swall[ ^! g]ms ) _! food40 ,! ,briti% ,m$ical ,j\rnal 9 #ahhj comm5t$ on ,pa/eur's great discov]y z foll[s3-- 8,pa/eur's rec5t rese>*es on ! etiology ( #8*>bon' %[s t ?is e>?-m\ld positively conta9s ! specific g]ms :i* propagate ! disease1 & t ! same specific g]ms are f\nd )9 ! inte/9es ( ! worms4 ,! p>asitic organism1 or bact]idium1 :i*1 inoculat$ f a diseas$ to a heal?y animal1 propagates ! specific disease1 may be de/roy$ by putrefaction aft] burial4 ,b be=e ?is process has be5 complet$1 g]ms or spores may h be5 =m$ :i* w resi/ ! putrefactive process = _m ye>s1 & lie 9 a condition ( lat5t life1 l a gra9 ( corn1 or any fl[]-se$1 ready to g]m9ate & communicate ! specific disease4 ,9 a field 9 ! ,jura1 :]e a diseas$ c[ _h be5 buri$ two ye>s be=e at a dep? ( ne>ly sev5 feet1 ! surface e>? n hav+ be5 di/urb$ 9 ! int]val1 ,pa/eur f\nd t ! m\ld conta9$ g]ms :i*1 introduc$ by inoculation into a gu9ea-pig1 produc$ *>bon & dea?4 ,fur!r1 if a worm be tak5 f an infect$ spot1 ! e>? 9 ! alim5t>y canal ( ! worm conta9s ^! spores or g]ms ( *>bon1 :i*1 inoculat$1 propagate ! disease2 & ! m\ld deposit$ on ! surface by ! worm1 :5 dri$ into du/1 is bl[n ov] ! grass & plants on :i* ! cattle fe$1 & may ?us spread ! disease4 ,aft] v>i\s f>m+ op]ations ( till+ & h>ve/1 ,pa/eur has f\nd ! g]ms j ov] ! graves ( ! diseas$ cattle1 b n to any great di/ance4 ,aft] ra9s or morn+ dews ! g]ms ( *>bon1 ) a quantity ( o!r g]ms1 7 f\nd ab\t ! neighbor+ plants2 & ,pa/eur says t 9 cemet]ies x is v possible t g]ms capable ( propagat+ specific diseases ( diff]5t k9ds q h>mless to ! e>?worm may be c>ri$ to ! surface ( ! soil1 ready to cause disease 9 ! prop] animals4 ,! practical inf]5ces 9 favor ( cremation are s /rong t1 9 ,pa/eur's words1 !y #8ne$ n be en=c$4'0 ,illu/ration3 ,,furnace ,,( ,,! ,,buffalo ,,crematorium4 7,v59i sy/em47 ,sir ,t4 ,sp5c] ,wells po9t$ out1 9 8 pap] read be=e ! ,briti% ,m$ical ,association1 9 ,augu/1 #ahhj1 t ! obs]vations ( ,d>w91 8on ! =mation ( m\ld10 made m ?an #dj ye>s ago1 :5 he 0 a "y man1 are curi\sly confirmatory ( ! conclusions ( ,pa/eur4 ,9 ,d>w9's pap]1 read at ! ,geological ,society ( ,london1 9 #ahcg1 he prov$ t1 9 old pa/ure-l&1 e p>ticle ( ! sup]ficial lay] ( e>?1 ov]ly+ diff]5t k9ds ( subsoil1 has pass$ ?r\gh ! inte/9es ( e>?worms4 ,! worms swall[$ e>?y matt]1 &1 aft] sep>at+ ! dige/ible or s]viceable portion1 !y eject ! rema9d] 9 little coils or heaps at ! m\?s ( _! burr[s4 ,9 dry wea!r ! worm desc5ds to a consid]able dep?1 & br+s up to ! surface ! p>ticles :i* x ejects4 ,?is ag5cy ( e>?worms is n s trivial z x might appe>4 ,by obs]vation 9 diff]5t fields1 ,mr4 ,d>w9 prov$1 9 "o case1 t a dep? ( m ?an ?ree in*es ( ?is worm-m\ld _h be5 accumulat$ 9 #ae ye>s2 &1 9 ano!r1 t ! e>?worms _h cov]$ a b$ ( m>l ) _! m\ld1 9 #ah ye>s1 to an av]age dep? ( #ac in*es4 ,pr(essor ,klebs1 ( ,prague1 ,bohemia1 discov]$ ! bact]ia ( mal>ial fev]4 ,!y 7 call$ by him bacilli mal>i4 ,8 discov]y 0 v]ifi$ by ,pr(4 ,tomassi ,crudelli1 ( ,rome1 ,italy4 ,dr4 ,rob]t ,ko*1 ( ! ,imp]ial ,sanit>y ,bureau at ,b]l91 ,g]many1 detect$ ! bacillus tub]culosis2 !re is no d\bt1 to my m9d1 b t consumption c possibly be spread by ! upturn+ ( ! soil ( a grave conta9+ ! victim ( tub]culosis4 ,! same g5tleman1 n[ pr(essor 9 ,b]l9 ,univ]sity1 discov]$ ! comma bacillus ( *ol]a4 ,he express$ 8 belief 9 its propagation 9 ! grave1 especially :5 ! latt] is moi/4 ,h\li] & ,f]uel are responsible = ! /atem5t t1 dur+ ! preval5ce ( ! plague 9 ,p>is 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! #ah? c5tury1 ! disease l+]$ longe/ & 0 ! mo/ sev]e 9 ! vic9ity ( ! 8cimetire de la ,tr9it40 ,! ,detroit ,ev5+ ,news1 ( ,sept4 #bc1 #ahhf1 reports ! foll[+ case 9 :i* diph!ria 0 contract$ f a corpse3-- 8,blan*e ,hunt1 a #ab-ye> old girl1 di$ at ,albion ( malignant diph!ria la/ week4 ,sophie ,calk9s1 ag$ #ac1 di$ at ,fair ,hav51 ,vt41 ( ! same disease1 contract$ ! week be=e at ,albion4 ,!re are no o!r cases 9 t[n1 & ^! two girls are suppos$ to h tak5 ! disease at ! cemet]y1 :]e !y w5t into ! vault conta9+ ! rema9s ( a woman s5t !re f abroad1 :o _h di$ f :at ! physicians call$ black jaundice4 ,x is believ$ h] disease 0 really diph!ria40 ,z e>ly z #ahgh1 ! ,massa*usetts ,/ate ,bo>d ( ,heal?--"o ( ! be/ 9 ! _w--%[$ t diph!ria is orig9at$ & diffus$ by ! emanations ( victims ( t disease4 ,9 #ahge ! same high au?ority _h rea*$ simil> conclusions reg>d+ typhoid fev]4 ,!re is mu* evid5ce to %[ t *ol]a 0 repeat$ly caus$ by ! excavation ( ! graves ( ^? :o _h di$ ( ! disease1 & t x rag$ ) special viol5ce 9 ! vic9ity ( cemet]ies4 ,dr4 ,su!rl& atte/$ ! fact t *ol]a 0 unusually preval5t 9 ! imm$iate neighborhood ( ,london gravey>ds4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ne$ n a/oni% u1 :5 we consid] t ! soil ( *ur*y>ds 9 "s ( ! poor] di/ricts 9 ,london 0 rais$ two1 ?ree1 or ev5 f\r feet 9 a few ye>s4 ,! great preval5ce ( epidemic diseases 9 "s p>ts ( ! city f9ally l$ to ! =mation ( ! ,epidemiological ,society ( ,london1 "u ! presid5cy ( ,dr4 ,bab+ton4 ,:5 ! *ol]a visit$ ,london 9 #ahed1 ,mr4 ,simon ass]t$ t if ! soil ( ! cemet]ies 9 :i* ! plague-/rick5 ( #affe 7 buri$ w\ld be upturn$1 x w\ld make ! prevail+ sc\rge m virul5t4 ,x 0 done 9 spite ( 8 w>n+1 & 8 pr$iction 0 v]ifi$4 ,9 #ahbf1 :5 *ol]a made its appe>ance 9 ,egypt1 ! ,fr5* gov]nm5t s5t out m$ical (fic]s to discov]1 if possible1 its orig94 ,x 0 trac$ to an old & disus$ cemet]y at ,keli\b1 a village ne> ,cairo4 ,! outbreak ( *ol]a at ,mod5a1 ,italy1 9 #ahbh1 0 %[n by ,pr(essor ,bian*i to be due to ! upturn+ ( ! gr\nd ( burial-y>ds 9 :i* victims ( ! plague _h be5 inhum$ #cjj ye>s be=e4 ,nov4 #ab1 #ahcf1 ,miaulis1 ! adjutant ( ,otto ! ,fir/1 ( ,greece1 0 attack$ by *ol]a1 ( :i* he f9ally di$4 ,! body 0 giv5 9 *>ge ( ?ree m51 :o also assi/$ at ! po/-mortem exam9ation4 ,on ! ?ird day aft] ! fun]al ( ! adjutant1 "o ( ! m51 ,jacob ,kuehnle91 #gb ye>s ( age1 0 tak5 ill1 & di$ ! foll[+ day4 ,! autopsy prov$ ! disease to be ,asiatic *ol]a4 ,?ree days aft] ,kuehnle9's burial1 ! second ( ! m5 :o _h gu>d$ ,miaulis' rema9s1 ,j4 ,/roehle9 by "n1 ag$ #dh1 0 /rick5 d[n by ! *ol]a1 to :i* he succumb$ )9 two days4 ,s*au5burg 7,*ol]a1 etc41 ,wu]zburg1 #ahgd1 p4 #h7 gives x z 8 op9ion t decomposition is favorable to ! developm5t ( *ol]a g]ms1 :i* means ! propagation ( ! comma bacillus4 ,! ,italians d n only /& at ! head ( ! cremation movem5t to-day1 b !y recogniz$ ! value ( t sure & nev]-fail+ g]micide--fire--z e>ly z #ahcg2 9 t ye> ?\s&s ( ! victims ( ! *ol]a epidemic1 !n rag+ 9 ,italy1 7 burn$ on ! sea%ore at ,pal]mo4 ,! report ( ! ,london ,bo>d ( ,heal? = #ahdi directs att5tion to ! fact t ! *ol]a 0 especially preval5t & fatal 9 ! neighborhood ( gravey>ds4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ne$ n cause any surprise1 z ! ,london ,a!num1 to ?is day "o ( ! mo/ reliable j\rnals ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 /ates 9 #ahej t1 dur+ ! preval5ce ( ! sc\rge1 #ejj bodies1 dead ( *ol]a1 7 daily int]r$1 9 addition to ^? ( o!r diseases4 ,pr(essor ,jacc\d1 ( ! faculty ( m$ic9e ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,p>is1 claims1 9 8 8,pa?ologie ,int]ne10 t !re are ?ree ways ( transmission ( *ol]a1 ( :i* ! ?ird is by corpses4 ,an employee ( ! ,fr5* m>9e hospital at ,!rapia1 ne> ,con/ant9ople1 0 pres5t at ! autopsy ( ,m>%al ,sa9t ,arm&1 :o _h di$ ( *ol]a1 :i* 0 held 9 ! amphi!atre ( ! in/itution4 ,a few days aft] ! man succumb$ to a sev]e attack ( de *olra f\droyant1 :i* he _h contract$ at ! po/-mortem exam9ation4 ,dr4 ,f4 ,bidlot1 ( ,liege1 ,belgium1 /ates t1 9 #ahfg1 he 0 call$ to a robu/ *ol]a pati5t :o1 :5 ask$ ab\t ! cause ( 8 illness1 said t until noon he _h work$ at ! grave ( a p]son1 dead ( *ol]a1 :o _h be5 buri$ v sup]ficially1 s9ce an exhumation 0 to take place3 :5 ! body 0 dis9t]r$1 he 0 seiz$ by an illness :i* soon prov$ to be *ol]a4 ,! foll[+ case 0 also report$ by ,dr4 ,bidlot4 ,a nun :o _h nurs$ *ol]a pati5ts 9 a hospital di$ ( ! dread disease 9 ! summ] ( #ahfj4 ,at #aj ,a4,m4 9 ! latt] "p ( ,octob] %e 0 exhum$4 ,at f\r o'clock 9 ! =5oon ( ! same day ,dr4 ,bidlot 0 call$ to ,dr4 ,romie1 :o _h att5d$ ! dis9t]m5t4 ,he 0 f\nd to be suff]+ f *ol]a1 & decl>$ t 8 illness 0 ow+ to 8 exposure to ! emanations ( ! body dug up4 ,tr9ity ,*ur* gravey>d1 at ,new ,york1 0 ! c5t] ( v fatal preval5ce ( *ol]a at e visit ( t pe/ f #ahcb to #ahed4 ,dr4 ,rau* relates 7,intra-,mural ,int]m5ts 9 ,popul\s ,cities1 ,*icago1 #ahfh7 h[ ! *ol]a 0 spread 9 ,burl+ton1 ,ia41 9 #ahej4 ,n a s+le dea? took place 9 ! vic9ity ( ! cemet]y ( ! city1 until #bj p]sons1 deceas$ ( *ol]a1 _h be5 int]r$ !re92 !n "o case aft] ano!r occurr$1 till ! epidemic became truly al>m+4 ,9 #ahfe1 :5 a *ol]a epidemic invad$ ,p>is1 ,france1 x rag$ ) great virul5ce 9 ! old qu>t] ( ,montm>tre2 9 t "p ( ! metropolis !re 0 a va/ burial-gr\nd1 f :i* toxic vapors 7 cont9ually escap+4 ,( #ejjj victims ( ! epidemic1 #ahjj belong$ to ?is anci5t community4 ,! great mortality 9 ?is qu>t] ( ! city 0 no d\bt due to ! pres5ce ( ! ov]cr[d$ cemet]y4 ,dr4 ,john ,murray1 inspector-g5]al ( hospitals 9 ,b5gal1 ,india1 wrote a book1 9 :i* he endeavor$ to det]m9e :e!r or n *ol]a c be propagat$ by human rema9s4 ,he decl>es emphatically 7,propagation ( ,*ol]a1 #ahgc1 p4 #baf71 t ! body ( a *ol]a pati5t1 dead or alive1 mu/ be reg>d$ z an ag5t ( transmission ( ! disease2 & adduces ! sequ5t facts to prove 8 ass]tion4 ,sev]al wom51 ^: bus9ess x 0 to lay out corpses1 _h contract$ *ol]a4 ,9 #ahah a man di$ ( ! dread disease2 five fell[-m51 :o c>ri$ 8 body to ! la/ re/+-place1 7 tak5 d[n ) *ol]a1 & di$ 9 ! night aft] ! burial4 ,dr4 ,t[ns5d report$ t1 9 #ahfi1 ?ree m5 7 commission$ by ! police to c>ry a corpse to ,dumwahi4 ,! day foll[+ _! arrival ! *ol]a appe>$ 9 ?is city1 & ! fir/ to die ( ! sc\rge 7 ! ?ree :o _h borne ! corpse4 ,*ol]a f "t to "t ?reat5s to invade our peaceful l&4 ,:5 x comes1 %all we1 9 view ( :at has j be5 %[n1 bury its victims1 saturate ! e>? ) its specific g]ms1 :i*1 if ! grave %\ld ev] be di/urb$1 may bre$ a t]rible pe/il5ce1 if n dur+ our lifetime1 yet surely dur+ t ( our desc5dants8 ,!re c be b "o answ]3 ,to secure ourselves aga9/ a repetition ( epidemics1 we mu/ burn our dead2 x is a duty t _c be evad$1 t we owe to all mank9d1 t1 :5 s9n$ aga9/1 z x has be5 9 ! pa/1 is rev5g$ by ! result+ visitation4 ,:5 ! cases above relat$ are tak5 into consid]ation1 ev5 ! mo/ vehem5t anti-cremationi/ _c d5y t ! specific g]ms ( infecti\s & contagi\s diseases are propagat$ by e>?-burial1 & t ! only sure m$ium = _! de/ruction is fire1 = no disease g]m c pass ?r\gh ! rosy heat ( ! crematory & survive to propagate its species4 ,illu/ration3 ,,furnace ,,( ,,! ,,c9c9nati ,,crematorium4 7,design$ by ,m ,r4 ,conway47 ,! sci5tific _w 0 lately />tl$ by ! gladsome news t ,dr4 ,dom+o ,freire1 a physician ( ,rio de ,janeiro1 ,brazil1 _h discov]$ ! peculi> microbe ( yell[ fev]4 ,! blood ( yell[ fev] pati5ts sw>ms ) ^! microbes 7cryptococci71 :i*1 by inoculation1 produce ! disease 9 animals4 ,dr4 ,freire nam$ ! microbe cryptococcus xan?og5icus4 ,he 0 aid$ 9 8 labors1 to detect ! specific g]m ( yell[ fev]1 :i* includ$ microscopic & spectroscopic exam9ations z well z exp]im5ts on animals1 by 8 able assi/ant1 ,seor ,m5ezes ,doria4 ,dr4 ,freire also exam9$ "s soil f ! cemet]y ( ,jurujuba1 :]e victims ( ! yell[ jack 7z we call ?is fev] sometimes7 lie int]r$4 ,"s ( ?is e>? 0 dri$ & !n plac$ 9 a cage :i* conta9$ a gu9ea pig4 ,previ\sly to ! introduction ( ! e>?1 ! blood ( ! animal 0 exam9$ microscopically1 & f\nd to conta9 no bact]ia ( any k9d4 ,! animal became ill1 & di$ )9 five days4 ,:5 its tissues 7 exam9$ aft] dea?1 !y 7 f\nd to pres5t all ! *>act]i/ic *anges :i* yell[ fev] br+s ab\t4 ,! blood 0 full ( cryptococci xan?og5ici 9 v>i\s degrees ( developm5t4 ,! ur9e 0 highly album9\s4 ,! bra9 & ! inte/9es 7 /a9$ yell[ by ! infiltration ( ! color+ matt] ( ! cryptococci4 ,aft] ?is discov]y1 ! doctor recomm5d$ t all victims ( yell[ fev] be de/roy$ by fire1 to prev5t g5]al infection4 ,! ,brazilian gov]nm5t 7"o ( ! mo/ enlight5$ 9 ! _w7 imm$iately ord]$ t a cremation furnace be built at ,jurujuba1 9 :i* all ^? t die ( yell[ fev] !re mu/ be inc9]at$4 ,! ,/4 ,l\is ,m$ical & ,surgical ,j\rnal makes ?is v s5sible sugge/ion reg>d+ ! disposition ( ! rema9s ( ^? dy+ ( yell[ fev] 9 our own ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x says3-- 8,f :at we h le>n$ f private s\rces1 ! resurrection ( ! bodies1 dur+ ! w9t] mon?s1 ( ^? :o di$ ( yell[ fev]1 has done mu* to p]petuate ?is t]rible disease 9 s\!rn cities1 until ! w>m wea!r has set 94 ,cremation obviates all possible h>m t c come f ! dead1 & duty to ! liv+ dem&s t ev]y?+ be done to de/roy ! possibility ( propagat+ ?is & all contagi\s diseases t run s malignant a c\rse40 ,dr4 ,j4 ,f4 ,a4 ,adams says3-- 8,dr4 ,joseph ,ak]ly express$ ! belief t ,tr9ity ,*ur*y>d _h be5 an active cause ( ! yell[ fev] 9 ,new ,york 9 #ahbb1 aggravat+ ! malignity ( ! epidemic 9 its vic9ity4 ,?is *ur* 0 built 9 #afih1 & ! gr\nd _h be5 receiv+ ! dead = #abd ye>s4 ,sometimes bodies 7 buri$ only #ah in*es bel[ ! surface1 & x 0 impossible to dig )\t di/urb+ ! rema9s4 ,dur+ ! ,revolution>y ,w>1 ?is burial-gr\nd _h emitt$ pe/il5tial odors1 & 9 #agha ,hessian soldi]s 7 employ$ to cov] ! gr\nd ) a lay] ( e>? two or ?ree feet 9 dep?4 ,! gr\nd 0 unusually (f5sive 9 #aghb1 & annoy$ pass5g]s on ! surr\nd+ /reets previ\s to ! appe>ance ( ! yell[ fev] 9 ,july4 ,dur+ ! epidemic1 ! condition ( ?is *ur*y>d1 & ! virul5ce ( ! disease 9 its vic9ity1 call$ = "s active measures1 & on ! night ( ,sept4 #bb ,dr4 ,roosa cov]$ ! gr\nd ) #eb casks ( quicklime1 ! /5* be+ at ! "t s excessive z to cause sev]al labor]s to vomit4 ,on ! #be? & #bf? ( ! same mon? ,/4 ,paul's ,*ur*y>d1 & ! vaults ( ! ,nor? ,dut* ,*ur* 9 ,william ,/reet1 receiv$ ! same treatm5t1 ^! be+ likewise v (f5sive & foci ( epidemics40 ,:5 ! yell[ fev] rag$ 9 ,new ,orleans 9 #ahec1 ! dea?-rate 9 ! ,f\r? ,di/rict 79 :i* !re 7 ?ree l>ge burial-gr\nds7 0 #deb p] #ajjj ( ! population4 ,dr4 ,bryant1 writ+ on yell[ fev] at ,norfolk 9 #ahee1 reg>ds cemet]ies z a con/ant s\rce ( dang] 9 an epidemic1 & urges ! total =bidd+ ( intramural or ev5 ne>-by suburban cemet]ies4 ,sir ,sp5c] ,wells relat$ a fact rec5tly at a meet+ ( ! ,heal? ,exhibition 9 ,london1 ,engl&1 :i* has a /rong be>+ on ! s\rce ( epidemics & _! annihilation by cremation4 ,"s p]sons :o _h di$ ( sc>let fev] 7 int]r$ 9 a c\ntry gravey>d4 ,?irty ye>s aft]w>d ! cemet]y 0 includ$ 9 a neighbor+ g>d51 & ! old graves dug up4 ,sc>let fev] =?) broke out 9 ! rectory & p>i%1 & no o!r probable s\rce hav+ be5 discov]$1 x is impossible to avoid ! inf]5ce t ! g]ms ( sc>lat9al infection c reta9 _! vitality a ?ird ( a c5tury4 ,9 epidemics individuals %\ld be =c$ to all[ _! dead 7unless !y succumb to "s disease o!r ?an ! prevail+ sc\rge7 to be cremat$4 ,to /amp out a contagi\s or infecti\s malady1 or to arre/ its progress1 inc9]ation mu/ be made g5]al2 its b5efits are nil :5 conf9$ to isolat$ cases4 ,! individual mu/ /& back :5 ! public heal? is 9 jeop>dy4 ,gov]nm5ts %\ld n all[ bodies to be introduc$ into _! respective c\ntries f an infect$ l&1 unless su* bodies h be5 previ\sly r$uc$ to a%es4 ,?\s&s ( cases ( malignant sickness1 ,i h no d\bt1 c\ld be prev5t$ by ! prompt introduction ( cremation4 ,:y n1 !n1 introduce x8 ,simply because !re is an unreasonable prejudice aga9/ ! cu/om8 ,x is ridicul\s6 ,%\ld any m]e prejudice /& 9 ! way ( a sanit>y re=m8 ,i leave x to any s\nd m9d to decide ! "q4 ,i am n advocat+ obligatory inc9]ation 9 times ( peace except 9 cases ( infecti\s & contagi\s disease4 ,i w\ld rejoice to see x g5]ally introduc$1 b n by =ce4 ,cremation1 moreov]1 ne$s n ! aid ( ! sword or law2 x w f9d its way unassi/$4 ,besides human & animal rema9s1 ,i ?9k all g>bage %\ld be de/roy$ by fire4 ,! idea ( cremation :i*1 c>ri$ by ! w+s ( en?usiasm1 trav]s$ ! :ole civiliz$ _w 9 ! spr+ ( #ahgd1 is really naught b a dem& ( hygi5e 9 favor ( our own heal?4 ,n only physicians1 b also laym51 %\ld ent] ! ar5a :]e ! great fight betwe5 e>?-burial & cremation is go+ on1 & combat = glori\s inc9]ation4 ,! ,int]national ,m$ical ,congress :i* conv5$ at ,flor5ce1 ,italy1 9 #ahfi exam9$ into ! v>i\s me?ods ( burial1 & conclud$ by express+ its belief t cremation 0 necess>y1 & %\ld be adopt$ 9 ! int]e/ ( civilization & public heal?4 ,dr4 ,c4 ,w4 ,purdy1 ( ,*icago1 ,ill41 says3 8,burial-gr\nds are unque/ionably ru9\s to heal?1 z bo? !ory & facts amply demon/rate2 _m sections ( population suff] annually disease & dea? :i* are expos$ to _! influ5ces2 all engag$ 9 ?is un:olesome sy/em suff]--! grave-digg]s1 ! g>d5]s1 ! m5 :o repair ! vaults & tomb/ones1 ! fri5ds :o visit ! graves1 & ! :ole fun]al procession are expos$ directly4 ,!re is no r$eem+ feature ab\t ?is burial sy/em1 degrad+ to ! dead & dang]\s to ! liv+40 ,! celebrat$ m$ical au?or1 ,moles*ott1 ev5 m vehem5tly condemns cemet]ies4 ,he claims t !y emit a vapor :i* causes malignant fev]s1 & concludes 8 rem>ks by call+ !m 8work%ops & factories ( ! devil40 ,beyond a d\bt1 cremation soone/ places ! bodies ( ! dead 9 a condition :]e !y c d ! lea/ h>m to ! liv+4 ,inc9]ation de/roys all disease g]ms & at once removes all possibility ( ! contam9ation ( air & wat] by ! dead4 ,!n :y n introduce cremation & d away ) all ! evils describ$ 9 ?is *apt]8 ,x is ( no consequ5ce to ! dead1 :e!r !y rot 9 ! e>? & orig9ate miasma1 or are trans=m$ by fire into pure :ite a%es4 ,!y feel z little ( ! process ( decay z !y d ( ! flame2 _! eye is surr\nd$ by ! same d>kness1 :e!r !y are d[n 9 ! deep grave or 9 ! gl[+ light ( ! crematory furnace4 ,b x is ( ! greate/ consequ5ce to u1 ! liv+2 & ! only way to protect ourselves f poison\s infection by our dead is to burn !m4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,cremation ,,9 ,,times ,,( ,,w>4 ,aft] a battle is ov]1 ! field ( c>nage is cov]$ ) ! dead4 ,i ?9k x _c be que/ion$ t ^! are dispos$ ( 9 a v c>eless mann] 9 "t ( w>2 n only ^? :o h be5 kill$ dur+ an engagem5t1 b also ^? :o succumb to disease4 ,aft] a great combat ! sla9 are usually ha/ily int]r$ 9 l>ge tr5*es1 9 :i* !y are arrang$ 9 ti]s1 or pil$ pell-mell ^u ea* o!r1 :]eupon !y are left to decompose4 ,t no m calamity & sickness results f su* a mode ( burial1 ?an is usually ! case1 is due1 ,i believe1 pr9cipally to ! fact t great battles are g5]ally f\ght on fields f> f ! habitations ( man4 ,w>1 ,god kn[s1 is bad en\gh1 b f> worse are ! diseases t foll[ 9 its wake4 ,! dead on ! 8field ( honor10 :i* is soon naught b a va/ cemet]y1 are1 z ,i h said above1 inhum$ z rapidly z possible4 ,!re is no "t to lose4 ,hurri$ly ?\s&s ( fall5 braves are ?r[n into l>ge pits1 & b>ely cov]$ ) e>?4 ,! comrades :o h r5d]$ !m ?is la/ s]vice move onw>d to bury o!rs1 & leave !m to vitiate ! air & to =m a t]rible h]d ( infection4 ,?us x is t a c\ntry :i* has already be5 deva/at$ by w> is aga9 br\ght to ! v]ge ( despair by ! appe>ance ( typhus fev]1 dys5t]y1 & o!r equally s]i\s maladies4 ,un=tunately1 ^! diseases d n conf9e !mselves to ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! w> has be5 wag$1 b also invade ! l&s ( ! peaceful neighbors4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,crematorium ,,at ,,rome 7,f ,dr4 ,p9i's ,"w47 ,!re is mu* evid5ce to prove t :at ,i say is true4 ,imm$iately aft] ! defeat ( ,d>ius1 ,alex&] ! ,great 0 advis$ by ! sage ,ari/oteles to leave ,arbela1 to secure himself & 8 army f ! pe/il5tial emanations ( ! dead4 ,:5 ,syracuse 0 besieg$ by ,hannibal1 he decid$ to w\nd ! feel+s ( ! ,syracusans by desecrat+ _! dead1 :o _h be5 buri$1 z 0 ! cu/om 9 mo/ anci5t cities1 outside ( ! city gates4 ,he ord]$ 8 troops to dig up ! ill-fat$ corpses1 cut !m to pieces1 & /rew !m all ov] ! field ( battle1 9 full sight ( _! horror-/rick5 relatives & fri5ds4 ,b ?is b>b>\s act 0 foll[$ by des]v$ puni%m5t4 ,pe/il5ce decimat$ ! beleagu]]s1 & scores ^u scores ( ! soldi]s fell victims to ! fatal p[] t arose1 sl[ b sure1 f ! outrag$ dead4 ,lucan has furni%$ u ) an acc\nt ( ! t]rible sc\rge t befell ! army ( ,pompey at ,durazzo1 because x _h neglect$ to bury ! cadav]s ( ! horses kill$ 9 ! battle4 ,= ! same reason ! camp ( ,con/ant9e ! ,great 0 once deva/at$ by ! plague4 ,mr4 ,william ,eassie1 ! honor>y secret>y ( ! ,cremation ,society ( ,engl&1 /ates 7vide 8 8,cremation ( ! ,dead10 page #ai73-- 8,) ! anci5t ,a!nians1 :5 soldi]s fell 9 battle1 x 0 ! cu/om to collect !m into t5ts1 :]e !y lay = a few days1 to ensure recognition4 ,ea* tribe !n convey$ _! dead 9 cypress %ells to ! c]amicos1 or places ( public burn+1 an empty he>se foll[+ beh9d1 9 memory ( ! miss+40 ,! fir/ epidemic ( spott$ fev] on record occurr$ 9 ,spa91 9 #adij1 & 0 due to ! emanations aris+ f ! decay+ bodies :i* _h be5 left unburi$ on ! battle-gr\nd4 ,9 #agif 7accord+ to ,desg5ettes71 a milit>y surgeon by ! "n ( ,vaidy sup]vis$ ! burial ( ! soldi]s & horses t _h be5 kill$ 9 a combat ne> ,nuremb]g4 ,:ile ! "w 0 9 progress1 he 0 attack$ by colic & nausea1 & aft]w>ds suff]$ = sev]al days f a sev]e dys5t]y4 ,8 horse1 aft] hav+ be5 tortur$ by sev]e abdom9al pa9s1 di$ on ! ev5+ ( ! day :5 he 0 tak5 sick4 ,p]sons :o 7 ) ,vaidy compla9$ ( ! same symptoms z he4 ,dur+ ! campaign 9 ,russia 9 #ahab _m ( ! ,fr5* soldi]s :o p]i%$ 9 ! disa/r\s retreat 7 burn$ by ! enemy4 ,aft] ! battle ( ,wat]loo #djjj bodies 7 r$uc$ to a%es on fun]al piles ( res9\s wood on ! field ( c>nage4 ,! ravages ( ! typhus fev] 9 ! armies battl+ dur+ ! ,crimean ,w> are yet well rememb]$1 & 7 too great to be easily =gott54 ,an eye-witness 7,trus57 ( ! siege ( ,seba/opol report$ at ! "t t3 8,^? :o 7 b lately our brave soldi]s h become great] enemies ( _! successors 9 arms ?an ! ,russians !mselves4 ,b>ely1 & sometimes n at all1 cov]$ by e>?1 _! bodies emit a pe/il5tial miasma1 :i* kills f> bett] ?an p[d] & bullet1 & is m reliable ?an a gun4 ,a bi%op has be5 s5t out to consecrate ! tr5*es 9 :i* ! dead are pil$ up1 yet ! infection w resi/ consecration & holy wat]4 ,un=tunately1 ! dang] does n come f our own troops alone4 ,! w9d c>ries ! emanations ( ! ,russian dead into our intr5*m5ts4 ,we besiege ,seba/opol1 b pe/il5ce besieges u4 ,! same ,fr5*m5 :o came to our rescue ) _! sabres n[ poison u by _! putrefaction4 ,animal rema9s also vitiate ! air4 ,! cadav] ( ! noble battle-horse t c>ri$ its rid] bravely ?r\gh ! day ( ,balaklava n[ lies 9 ! road1 & ?reat5s ! victori\s dragoon :o rode ^u x ) an inevitable fate4 ,burial-gr\nd & camp adjo9 ea* o!r4 ,:]e ! soldi] f\ght & fell is 8 grave1 :i* is seldom f> f ! t5ts ( ! surviv+40 ,dur+ ! exp$ition to ,morea1 ! ,fr5* made intr5*m5ts 9 a cemet]y outside ( ,patras4 ,all ^? :o 7 ord]$ into ! tr5*es exp]i5c$ fir/ mal>ial symptoms1 & 7 f9ally attack$ by typhoid fev]4 ,! *ol]a m[$ d[n m soldi]s 9 ! w> betwe5 ,au/ria & ,prussia1 9 #ahff1 ?an ! missiles ( ei!r army4 ,! ,franco-,prussian ,w> ( #ahgj-ga 0 accompani$ by dys5t]y & typhus fev]4 ,aft] ! battle ( ,gravelotte ! ,g]man troops _h to camp = weeks ^u ! graves ( _! comrades1 subject$ all ! "t to ! mo/ dang]\s effluvia f ! sla94 ,! bodies ( ^? t fell at ,metz 7 9 _m in/ances dug up by ! ,g]mans & re-int]r$2 s9ce ! ha/y & sup]ficial way 9 :i* !y _h be5 buri$ 9 ! fir/ place caus$ contam9ation ( ! wat]c\rses ne> by1 & pollution ( ! air4 ,! evils ( e>? burial 7 especially app>5t 9 besieg$ =ts1 = in/ance 9 ,metz & ,p>is1 #ahgj-ga4 ,! communi/s at ,p>is evad$ ! evils ( inhumation by burn+ _! dead 9 ! casemates4 ,on ,july #ad1 #ahgg1 dur+ ! w> betwe5 ,turkey & ,russia1 ,g5]al ,t]gankass(f in=m$ 8 gov]nm5t at ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 by despat*1 t ! air 9 & ab\t ,bayazid 0 s contam9at$ by ! decomposition ( ! dead1 t x w\ld n only be unwise1 b also dang]\s1 to prolong ! /ay ( ! troops !re4 ,on ,augu/ #bd ( ! same ye>1 ! naval correspond5t ( ! ,london ,times /at$ t ?\s&s ( soldi]s :o fell 9 ! ,%ipka ,pass 7 s sup]ficially inhum$ t relics ( ! dead1 su* z arms & knees1 protrud$ f ! e>?-heaps4 ,on ! #ad? ( ,septemb] foll[+1 ! correspond5t ( ! ,london ,daily ,telegraph decl>$ t ! /5*es ( ! villages ar\nd ,hasankioe 7 un5durable2 t ! retreat+ invad]s _h cut (f ! wat]-supply by fill+ up ! wells ) corpses2 & t 9 consequ5ce ! wat] _h to be br\ght f a great di/ance4 ,& on ! sev5te5? ( ! same mon?1 ! ,times correspond5t report$ t fev] _h brok5 out at ,kezanlik2 & t1 )9 #fjj y>ds ( 8 t5t1 "s hundr$s ( un9hum$ dead c\ld be se51 relics ( ! battle :i* took place "s weeks previ\sly4 ,9 ord] to less5 ! dang]1 ! c\ri]s pass+ along ! ,yemi ,saghra road _h actually to ride ) camphor 9 _! m\?s4 ,?is /ate ( ?+s is n only deplorable1 b pre-em95tly %ameful4 ,x is pla9 f ! above t int]m5t en masse1 z x is practic$ dur+ w> at ! pres5t "t1 is v unsatisfactory1 & (t5 leads to disa/r\s consequ5ces4 ,un=tunately1 burial 9 s+le graves is impossible1 = sev]al reasons4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x w\ld take up too mu* "t2 secondly1 too mu* room2 &1 ?irdly1 x w\ld remove too _m m5 f ! ranks ( ! combatants4 ,no?+ rema9s to u1 !re=e1 b to look ab\t u = "s o!r mode ( dispos+ ( ! dead4 ,! li/ ( me?ods f :i* we may select "o is n v l>ge4 ,v>i\s s*emes h be5 propos$4 ,"o erratic g5ius actually propos$ to bl[ up ! victims ( human /rife ) dynamite4 ,( all ! ways ( dispos+ ( ! sla91 none is s good & advantage\s z cremation4 ,hi/ory records _m in/ances 9 :i* cremation 0 made use ( to de/roy ! dead aft] a battle4 ,mr4 ,wm4 ,eassie reports3 8,dur+ ! w>s betwe5 ! ,engli% & ! ,burgundians & ! ,fr5*1--! latt] l$ by ,joan ( ,arc1--! dead 7 on "o occasion pil$ up outside ! city ( ,p>is1 & consum$ 9 "o huge pyre40 ,twelve days aft] ! battle ( ,p>is1 on ! #cj? ( ,m>*1 #ahad1 #djjj horses1 kill$ dur+ ! combat1 7 burnt by ! ,g]mans 9 ! environs ( ,p>is1--! woods ( ,montfaucon4 ,9 ! battle at ,rivas1 ,nic>agua1 on ! #bh? ( ,june1 #ahee1 betwe5 gov]nm5t troops & ,walk]'s ,filibu/]s1 ! latt] lo/ _! comm&]1 #ab (fic]s1 & #ajj m51 all ( :om 7 cremat$4 ,_m dead 7 r$uc$ to a%es by ! ,c>li/s1 aft] ! battle ( ,cu5ca4 ,m ?an #dj1jjj human & animal rema9s _h be5 inhum$ 9 a v sup]ficial mann] aft] ! battle ( ,s$an1 dur+ ! late ,franco-,prussian ,w>4 ,9 consequ5ce1 ! ,belgian villages 9 ! neighborhood 7 visit$ by epidemics & infecti\s diseases4 ,! ,belgian gov]nm5t 0 petition$ to remove ! evil4 ,x despat*$ ,colonel ,creteur to exam9e into ! grievances1 &1 if possible1 remove !m4 ,"o's hair /&s on end :5 "o reads ! report ( ! colonel on ! condition ( ! ,s$an battle-field4 ,! only way to rem$y ! evil 0 to de/roy ! dang]\s cadav]s by cremation1 :i* 0 a difficult task1 "u ! circum/ances1 b :i* 0 nev]!less accompli%$ by ! +5i\s ,creteur4 ,! colonel's report is full ( horrible facts4 ,! bodies ( ,g]man soldi]s 9 a tr5* at ,laid-,tr\ 7 cov]$ s little by e>? t c>nivor\s animals _h already dev\r$ "p ( ! h&s & faces4 ,ra9-wat] _h caus$ #cj l>ge pits1 conta9+ ! rema9s ( ,bav>ians1 to cave 91 & _h laid b>e ! bodies4 ,betwe5 ,belan & ,bazailles1 ! own]s ( a field _h level$ ! elevation ( a ,bav>ian grave4 ,relics ( ! dead protrud$ f ! gr\nd4 ,! bodies 7 cov]$ only by a ?9 lay] ( e>?1 9 :i* corn fl\ri%$ luxuriantly4 ,wild be>s1 foxes1 & dogs1 reli%+ ! human fle%1 help$ to scrat* away ! soil ov] ! rema9s1 z did ! num]\s cr[s ^u ! pit 9 :i* ! horses _h be5 buri$4 ,dogs1 hav+ once fea/$ on ?is f>e1 w\ld n eat any?+ else4 ,creteur at fir/ c\ld n obta9 m5 to c>ry out 8 plans1 z e "o :o attempt$ to op5 ! tr5*es contract$ phlyctna1 an eruption ( ! sk94 ,f9ally1 by promis+ good pay1 he enli/$ #bg workm51 :om he endeavor$ to protect by saturat+ _! clo?+ & moi/5+ ! graves ) a solution ( c>bolic acid4 ,b ?is only int5sifi$ ! phlyctna4 ,he !n det]m9$ to cov] ! graves ) a lay] ( *loride ( lime1 & to p\r dilut$ muriatic acid ^u !m subsequ5tly4 ,by ?is means he succe$$ 9 lay+ b>e ! topmo/ lay] ( ! corpses4 ,he !n _h l>ge quantities ( coal t> p\r$ into ! pit1 :i* trickl$ d[n among ! bodies to ! bottom1 ?or\ghly cov]+ ! rema9s4 ,he !n _h m *loride ( lime heap$ ^u ! corpses1 & f9ally _h bundles ( hay1 previ\sly saturat$ ) k]os5e1 ?r[n burn+ into ! pit4 ,creteur decl>es t f #bjj to #cjj bodies 7 consum$ )9 #ej to #fj m9utes4 ,! smoke1 impregnat$ ) ! smell ( ! c>bolic acid t 0 =m$ by ! comb9ation ( ! *loride ( lime & coal t>1 0 n (f5sive1 & prov$ entirely h>mless to ! workm54 ,ab\t "o-f\r? ( all ! cont5ts rema9$ 9 ! pits1 consi/+ ( calc9$ bones & a dry mass4 ,^! 7 aga9 cov]$ ) *loride ( lime1 & !n ! tr5*es 7 clos$4 ,9 ?is way1 #de1hee human & equ9e bodies 7 dispos$ (4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,milan ,,c9]>ium4 ,inc9]ation 9 w>-"t %\ld be obligatory--mu/ be s 9 fact4 ,at pres5t1 cremation 9 portable furnaces is out ( ! "q1 because x w\ld take too long4 ,only ! bodies ( prom95t (fic]s might be ?us cremat$ & s5t to ! re>1 s t !y might re/ "u a monum5t erect$ by ! grateful p ( ! c\ntry t !y s]v$4 ,"u ! exi/+ circum/ances1 ,i ?9k ,creteur's me?od w\ld be ! be/4 ,by ?is means1 sev]al hundr$ bodies c\ld be de/roy$ at once4 ,!re ought to be a cremation corps 9 e division ( an army4 ,bett] yet x w\ld be to organize a neutral society1 l ! ,r$ ,cross ,association1 & call x ! ,society ( ! ,black ,cross4 ,! memb]s might we> a black cross on _! caps & on ! left arm4 ,aft] a battle1 ! v>i\s corps ( ?is society w\ld beg9 _! "w1 ga!r+ ! dead & committ+ !m to ! flames4 ,?us we w\ld protect our brave soldi]s1 :o (f] up _! lives = _! belov$ c\ntry & our sake1 f pe/il5ce & disease4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,process ,,( ,,mod]n ,,cremation4 ,9 beg9n+ ! consid]ation ( ! v>i\s processes ( cremation1 ,i ought to speak ( ! anci5t pyre fir/2 b s9ce x 0 fully describ$ 9 a previ\s *apt]1 ,i deem x be/ to dismiss x ) ?is pass+ notice4 ,i w rem>k1 h[ev]1 t 7 ! introduction ( cremation attempt$ ) a view to ! use ( ?is b>b>\s mode1 t is1 if !re 7 no alt]native b to burn ! dead 9 ! old-fa%ion$ way1 ,i w\ld n be ! advocate ( inc9]ation2 = ! me?od ( antiquity 0 n only obnoxi\s to ! s5ses1 b almo/ z dang]\s to ! liv+ z burial 9 ! e>?4 ,x w\ld take up too mu* space & w\ld1 moreov]1 be entirely useless to describe 9 detail ! num]\s ,european cremation app>atuses1 ( :i* ^? ( ,siem5s1 ,brunetti1 & ,gor9i are be/ kn[n4 ,! tr\ble ) ^! furnaces is1 t 7#a7 ! app>atus co/s too mu*2 7#b7 ! process ( cremation1 :5 !y are employ$1 is too exp5sive4 ,!re=e ,i w conf9e myself to a description ( ! cremation furnaces us$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,! crematory at ,wa%+ton1 ,pa41 is a small1 pla91 brick build+1 conta9+ b two rooms1--furnace & reception room4 ,! retort is exactly simil> to ! ones us$ 9 mak+ gas1 &1 inde$1 ! :ole process is ! same4 ,! ,wa%+ton crematory is "o /ory high1 #cj feet long1 #bj feet wide4 ,! reception room is #bj feet squ>e1 includ+ walls1 & ! furnace room #bj feet by #aj feet1 includ+ walls4 ,cremation is p]=m$ 9 a fire-clay cyl9d] or retort1 call$ ! inc9]ator1 :i* is ?ree feet 9 diamet] by sev5 feet long1 & ! walls ( :i* are f "o to two in*es ?ick4 ,! retort is l ^? us$ 9 ! manufacture ( illum9at+ gas1 b some:at ( a diff]5t %ape4 ,x is heat$ to a r$ heat by a furnace fire :i* is built und]nea? & kept burn+ = #bj or #cj h\rs be=e ! cremation is to take place4 ,! body is plac$ 9 an iron crib made 9 ! %ape ( a c(f91 ) small1 r\nd rods1 ) feet ?ree or f\r in*es long to keep x up (f ! bottom ( ! retort4 ,^! feet are ins]t$ into a flat /rip ( iron two in*es wide & a qu>t] in* ?ick1 turn$ up at ! ends s t ! crib ) ! body w slide into ! retort easily4 ,9 addition to ! ord9>y burial g>m5ts1 ! body is cov]$ ) a clo? wet ) a saturat$ solution ( sulphate ( alum 7common alum71 :i* ev5 :5 burn$1 reta9s its =m & prev5ts any "p ( ! corpse f be+ se5 until ! bony skeleton beg9s to crumble d[n4 ,! inc9]ator receives to itself ! int5se heat ( ! fire bel[1 b does n admit ! flames4 ,! consequ5ce is t ! corpse1 :5 introduc$ into ! retort1 is n1 9 a prop] s5se ( ! ^w1 burn$4 ,x is r$uc$ to a%es by ! *emical application ( int5se heat4 ,gases are driv5 (f or absorb$1 &1 be+ c>ri$ d[n into ! fire f ! inc9]ator & l$ back & =? #be feet ?r\gh its flames1 are utt]ly consum$4 ,ev5 ! smoke ( ! fire is consum$1 & no?+ c be se5 issu+ f ! *imney b ! quiv] ( ! heat4 ,! process might be call$1 says an eye-witness ( a cremation 9 ?is furnace1 ! spiritualization ( ! body1 ! e!realization or sublimation ( its mat]ial p>ts4 ,! "t requir$ to complete ! op]ation is ab\t two h\rs4 ,a v small portion ( ! rema9s is a%es1 b ! mass is 9 ! =m ( calc9$ bones 9 small fragm5ts1 v :ite1 odorless1 entirely depriv$ ( all animal matt]1 & may be pres]v$ any l5g? ( "t )\t *ange4 ,!re are f\r to sev5 p\nds ( ^! rema9s f v>i\s siz$ adult bodies1 & c be plac$ = pres]vation 9 a m>ble or t]ra-cotta urn1 into :i* a photograph ( ! deceas$1 ) appropriate record1 c be plac$ be=e introduc+ ! rema9s4 ,?is urn c be plac$ 9 ! columb>ium ( ! crematory1 kept among ! *]i%$ memorials ( ! family ( ! dep>t$1 or plac$ beside o!r rema9s previ\sly buri$ 9 cemet]ies or gravey>ds4 ,dr4 ,le ,moyne favor$ plac+ ! rema9s ( ! dead 9 a "o-gallon salt-m\!d druggi/'s bottle1 ) a l>ge gr\nd /opp]4 ,aft] 8 dea?1 h[ev]1 ! bottle-urn idea prov$ impracticable1 !re=e ! a%es 7 g5]ally plac$ 9 a seal$ t9 box4 ,! furnace erect$ at ,lanca/]1 ,pa41 is on a new sy/em1 :i* 0 devis$ by ,dr4 ,m4 ,l4 ,davis4 ,! co/ ( ! crematorium 0 ab\t #ejjj4 ,! build+ is beautifully locat$ ^u a bluff ov]look+ ! ,cone/oga ,riv]4 ,! gr\nds occupy two & "o-half acres4 ,! crematory is ( go?ic ar*itecture1 #dh #cb feet1 & conta9s f\r rooms1--! audi5ce room or *apel1 toilet1 reception1 & furnace room4 ,! *apel is us$ = religi\s s]vices1 ! toilet room = ! accommodation ( relatives & fri5ds accompany+ ! body1 ! reception room to receive ! body & prep>e x = inc9]ation2 all ( ! app>atus is locat$ 9 ! furnace room1 except ! retort doors1 :i* face ! auditorium4 ,! fir+ is done 9 ! re> ( ! furnace1 :]e all tools & miscellane\s articles are kept4 ,! floor ( ! auditorium is made ( ,portl& cem5t2 ! o!r p>ts ( ! build+ are floor$ ) brick4 ,! audi5ce room is furni%$ ) *airs & a table = ! use ( m9i/]s or ! (fic]s ( societies hav+ *>ge ( ! c]emonies at cremation2 ! walls are decorat$ ) pictures & urns ( v>i\s designs4 ,! wait+ or toilet room is provid$ ) *airs1 l\nges1 toilet-/&1 etc41 = ! com=t ( ! wait+ fri5ds4 ,! gr\nds consi/ ( a plot ( two acres1 "o-half ( :i* is level--"h ! build+ is locat$2 ! o!r is a hillside ( solid lime/one rock--"h ! society int5ds erect+ columb>ia at an e>ly day4 ,! gr\nds ar\nd ! build+ are beautifi$ by roadways1 walks1 trees1 %rubb]y1 etc4 ,! furnace inv5t$ by ,dr4 ,davis is made ( firebricks & tiles4 ,! outside dim5sions are #aj ft4 #f 94 long1 by #f ft4 #f 94 wide1 ) #i-;94 walls ( brick4 ,! furnace re/s on a f\ndation #aj ft4 #f 94 by #g ft4 #f 94 & #b ft4 #f 94 deep1 ( good build+ /one1 ) mort> ( %>p s& & quicklime or equally suitable mat]ial1 f9i%$ level ) ! floor ( ! build+4 ,at ! re> end ! c5t] is occupi$ by ! fire *amb] 7,f7 #ah 94 wide1 #dh 94 long1 #c ft4 #i 94 high to ar*1 l9$ ) fire-brick #i in*es ?ick & ro($ ) an ar*$ fire-clay tile #d 94 ?ick1 cov]$ by #c-;94 %ield tile4 ,! iron doors 7fire & a%7 are furni%$ ) frames1 ! fire-door is protect$ by a l9+ ( asbe/os & fire-clay2 ! grate-re/ is #a ft4 #c 94 f ! floor2 b5ea? ! grate are two iron pipes 7#a 947 at ! sides1 to c>ry heat$ air to supply oxyg5 to ! flues 7at ,o72 a ?ird iron pipe 7 947 pass+ to ! re> ( ! fire *amb] & up ?r\gh its back wall to ! retort 7at ,p72 a f\r? pipe 7#c-;94 diamet]7 lead+ f ! top ( ! re> end ( ! retort 7at ,m7 d[n ?r\gh ! re> wall & op5+ 9 ! a% *amb] "u ! grate-b>s 7at ,n71 to c>ry (f ! surplus gases n consum$ 9 ! retort4 ,! air-supply pipes are requir$ to keep up rapid combu/ion by replac+ ! oxyg5 already us$1 & s to equalize ! heat at bo? ends ( ! retort4 ,! air-pipes lead+ into ! retort s assi/s ! dis9tegration ( ! body 9 ! same way1 supply+ additional oxyg5 & mak+ oxidation m rapid4 ,! retort is #i ft4 #i 94 long1 #c ft4 wide1 & #b ft4 high 9 ! cle>2 x is floor$ ) #c-;94 fire-clay tile 9 sections2 ! sides are ( #c-;9 tile1 also 9 sections2 ! ro( is ( ! same mat]ial ar*$ 9 sections4 ,! retort is made 9 sections r ?an 9 "o s+le piece1 9 ord] to make all[ance at ! sev]al jo9ts = ! great expansion & contraction incid5t to a heat ( #bjjj to #bejj degrees1 ?us avoid+ ! annoyance & exp5se ( cracks & pat*+4 ,! retort is support$ by ! ar*$ ro( ( ! fire *amb] & its cov]+ ( %ield tile1 & back ( ! fire *amb] by fire-clay pill>s1 & at ! sides by projections ( ! tile p>titions betwe5 ! flues4 ,six pairs ( flues surr\nd ! retort1 #ae & #ac in*es wide respectively1 & #c 94 deep1 sep>at$ by tile p>titions #c 94 ?ick4 ,! gases f ! fire *amb] ent] ! fir/ pair ?r\gh curv$ op5+s 7,,qq7 & pass up ?r\gh ,,aa d[n ?r\gh ,,bb 7receiv+ additional oxyg5 at ,o71 & up aga9 ?r\gh ,,cc1 & ?r\gh ! escape-flue ,s1 into ! *imney4 ,! outside fac+ ( ! flues is #c-;94 tile4 ,betwe5 ! outside fac+ ( ! flues & ! #i-;94 brick wall is a space ( #c in*es :i* is pack$ ) asbe/os to prev5t radiation ( heat & all[ = lat]al expansion & contraction ( ! out] cas+ ( ! flues1 giv+ x mu* long] life4 ,above ! fire space on ! top ( ! retort1 :i* is #d in*es deep1 is an ar* ( #i-;94 fire-brick1 above :i* a%es & s& are fill$ 9 to ! dep? ( #f in*es above ! top ( ! ar*1 & floor$ ov] ) r$ brick4 ,! retort door is l9$ ) asbe/os & fire-clay2 x is made ( /eel plate1 clos+ aga9/ a flang$ iron frame1 & held to its place by a spid]1 ^u :i* is screw$ d[n an arm sw++ ) ! door & fa/5+ to ! frame2 ! frame is held to its place by two horizontal b>s1 wall$ 9 at ! ends4 ,?is arrangem5t secures a tight jo9t :5 ! door is clos$2 ! /ay-b>s hold ! frame1 ! b> holds ! door to ! frame & gives ! fulcrum = pressure on ! spid]1 :ile sw++ ) ! door x is out ( ! way :5 n 9 use4 ,! :ole /ructure is protect$ by ?ree buck/ays ( ,t iron on ea* side1 securely jo9$ by -in* iron rods1 furni%$ ) nuts to all[ tight5+ or loos5+ :5 necess>y4 ,! fire-brick escape-flue connects ) ! *imney2 ! dim5sions are #af #ad in*es 9 ! cle>2 ! *imney re/s on sills ( ,t iron1 support$ by brick pill>s1 & is l9$ ) fire-brick = #f feet above ! retort1 & is c>ri$ up to a total height ( #cj feet4 ,i h giv5 s m9ute a description ( ?is app>atus because x is an inv5tion ( :i* n only ,dr4 ,m4 ,l4 ,davis1 b 8 c\ntrym5 ) him1 may feel ju/ly pr\d4 ,x is ! fir/ cremation furnace t possesses ! two c>d9al requirem5ts ( a good inc9]ator2 namely1 *eapness & usefulness4 ,! price ( ?is app>atus is f #abjj to #aejj2 ! ,european furnaces co/ #cjjj & m4 ,! ,davis furnace1 moreov]1 uses less fuel ?an ! ,european app>atus1 :]eby ! exp5se ( cremation is mu* decreas$4 ,ord9>ily1 coke & h>d or 8/eamboat0 coal is us$ 9 ?is furnace1 al?\gh 7& ?is is an additional advantage7 gas1 oil1 or any o!r heat+ mat]ial may be us$4 ,! quantity requir$ v>ies some:at1 b ! av]age am\nt necess>y to heat ! furnace & inc9]ate a body is #bej p\nds ( coke & #bej p\nds ( coal1 or ab\t "o-f\r? ton ( fuel4 ,! "t occupi$ = complete inc9]ation v>ies accord+ to ! condition ( ! body1 b ranges f #de m9utes to "o h\r & a half4 ,! furnace c be heat$ 9 six h\rs1 b usually m "t is occupi$ 9 heat+1 z !re is less liability ( injury to ! furnace by rapid expansion4 ,:5 ! ,davis furnace is us$1 ! process is z foll[s3 ,! catafalque1 be>+ ! crib :i* is cov]$ ) a clo? #ae feet long1 wet ) alum wat]1 is plac$ by ! side ( ! casket conta9+ ! body1 ! lid ( :i* is remov$ & /rips ( musl9 are pass$ "u x4 ,! ends ( ! b&s are atta*$ to an elevator1 & ! body is g5tly rais$ up & plac$ ^u ! alum-%eet-cov]$ crib1 ! free end be+ cov]$ ov]1 ?us entirely envelop+ x4 ,?is proc$ure is necess>y to prev5t ! clo?+ 9 :i* ! corpse is dress$ f ignit+4 ,all be+ 9 read9ess1 ! catafalque1 on noiseless ca/]s1 is plac$ 9 front ( ! retort4 ,a cable is !n atta*$ to ! crib1 ! retort door is op5$1 a signal is giv51 & ! catafalque ) its burd5 g5tly approa*es ! op5 retort2 :5 ne>1 x /ops1 & noiselessly ! corpse is mov$ into ! retort1 impell$1 z x 71 by an unse5 ag5cy4 ,:5 x is 9 ! prop] position1 a signal is giv51 ! ma*9]y 9 ! re> & out ( sight /ops1 ! door is clos$ air-tight1 & ! me*anical process gives way to ! *emical4 ,:5 ! retort is op5$1 ! cold air ru%+ 91 ! cold body1 crib1 & alum-%eet *ill = a few mom5ts ! inn] surface ( ! retort2 9 a few mom5ts ! retort rega9s its heat2 a f9e mi/ comm5ces to arise f ! body1 :i* gradually becomes ?ick] & m d5se1 until ! inside ( ! retort has ! appe>ance ( d5se :ite mi/4 ,! idea ( f9e sn[ or fog is sugge/$4 ,?is appe>ance rema9s until ! s(t tissues are r$uc$ to a%es4 ,!n ! int]ior ( ! retort gradually becomes m cle>4 ,! alum-%eet w be se5 to be 9 ! same position z :5 put 92 p]haps slightly sunk54 ,a blue flame w be se5 aris+ ?r\gh ! %eet2 ab\t six in*es above ! body x becomes ext+ui%$4 ,?is cont9ues until ! bony /ructure is completely cremat$1 :5 all is :ite z sn[1 & no?+ c be se5 inside ! retort1 ! a%es hav+ fall5 ?r\gh ! crib & ! alum-clo? collaps$4 ,! oxyg5 by ! int5se heat has be5 made to unite ) ! c>bonace\s elem5ts ( ! body1 & ! result+ c>bonic acid gas1 ammonia1 & wat] are driv5 (f ?r\gh ! retort walls into & ?r\gh ! flues to ! air )\t1 :]e !y m+le ) ! elem5ts ( nature4 ,9 ! retort are ! a%es1 consi/+ ( pure oxide ( lime4 ,x is pla9 f ! above t ! corpse does n come 9 contact ) ! flames1 t is1 ! fire1 9 ?is app>atus4 ,!re is no burn+4 ,! body is simply oxidiz$1 & ! union ( ! oxyg5 & ! organic matt] compos+ ! body is s complete t :at nature has s p]fectly =m$ 9 life appe>s to g5tly1 quietly melt away 9 dea?1 & becomes resolv$ into its orig9al elem5ts4 ,! record ( ! ,davis furnace has be5 s f> entirely satisfactory4 ,! ,lanca/] crematorium conta9s two ( ^! furnaces4 ,?is crematory has no smoke/ack2 t is1 ! *imney rea*es b sev]al in*es above ! ro( ( ! build+4 ,on ,nov4 #bc1 #ahhe1 ,pr(4 ,t4 ,r4 ,bak]1 ,ph4,d41 ( ! ,mill]sville ,/ate ,normal ,s*ool1 collect$ #cj j>s ( gases f ! escape-flue ( ! ,lanca/] crematorium1 ) a view ( analyz+ !m1 to asc]ta9 ! nature ( ! products ( combu/ion ( ! human body dur+ inc9]ation4 ,_m p]sons h cont5d$ t poison\s gases are giv5 (f1 !reby pollut+ ! air2 & x 0 ) a view ( cle>+ up ?is phase ( ! subject t ! exp]im5t 0 und]tak54 ,! app>atus us$ to collect ! gases consi/$ ( an iron gas-pipe1 five feet be+ b5t two feet f "o end at "r angles4 ,! long end 0 pass$ d[n ! escape-flue f ! furnace4 ,to ! o!r end 0 atta*$ a glass tube1 :i* ran to a ,u-tube surr\nd$ ) ice1 to cond5se vapors4 ,! gas 0 collect$ 9 a j>4 ,fifte5 j>s 7 ?us collect$ be=e ! body 0 introduc$ into ! retort1 & #ae at v>i\s /ages ( ! inc9]ation4 ,! body 0 t ( a man :o _h di$ f dropsy4 ,bel[ w be f\nd ,dr4 ,bak]'s report4 ,,/ate ,,normal ,,s*ool1 ,,mill]sville1 ,pa41 ,dec4 #g1 #ahhe4 ,,dr4 ,m4 ,l4 ,,davis3-- ,de> ,sir3 ,i h complet$ ! exam9ation ( ! gase\s products rec5tly obta9$ f ! *imney ( ! ,lanca/] crematorium1 & w n[ report ! results ( my inve/igation4 ,! escap+ products 7 te/$ at ! crematorium = wat] & = gases readily soluble 9 wat]1 & sev]al bottles ( ^! products 7 collect$ be=e ! body 0 put 9 ! retort1 z well z dur+ ! cremation4 ,wat]1 etc41 7 te/$ = by pass+ sev]al gallons ( ! escap+ products ?r\gh ! ,u cond5sation tubes1 surr\nd$ by ice1 & !n ?r\gh di/ill$ wat]4 ,! e/imat$ am\nt ( wat] 9 ! products escap+ be=e ! body 0 put 9 ! retort 0 4#jjaa ( a cubic in* to ! gallon1 :ile dur+ ! cremation x 0 4#jjdd ( a cubic in* to a gallon4 ,! wat] ?r\gh :i* ! gases 7 pass$1 bo? t us$ be=e ! body 0 put 9 ! retort & t us$ dur+ ! cremation1 _h a di/9ct acid reaction1 quickly r$d5+ blue litmus pap]4 ,i c\ld n1 h[ev]1 detect any diff]5ce 9 ! degree ( acidity ( ! wat]s1 & _! reaction did n indicate t ! gases :i* _h pass$ ?r\gh !m 7 m acid ?an ! gase\s products pass+ (f f ord9>y coal fires4 ,! wat]s 7 f\nd to conta9 traces ( ! m9]al acids g5]ally f\nd 9 v small quantities 9 ! products ( ! combu/ion ( m9]al coal4 ,!y gave no reaction = salts ( ammonia1 nor = sulphurett$ hydrog54 ,! gases collect$ = laboratory exam9ation 7 te/$ especially = c>bonic acid 7,,co#b71 illum9at+ gas1 oxyg5 7,o71 c>bonic oxide 7,,co71 & nitrog5 7,n74 ,! me?od ( exam9ation employ$ 0 t g5]ally foll[$ 9 gas analysis1 namely1 ! absorption ( ! gases by liquid reag5ts4 ,c>bonic acid 0 absorb$ by potassium hydrate2 illum9ants by brom9e2 oxyg5 by phosphorus2 & c>bonic oxide by cupr\s *loride dissolv$ 9 hydro*loric acid4 ,! e/imat$ am\nts ( ! gases enum]at$ above are z foll[s1 ! values indicat+ ! p>ts ( a cubic in* to ! gallon2 ! e/imat$ wat] be+ also includ$ 9 ! table3-- ,h#b,o,,co#b;,illum9at+ ,o ,,co ,n ,gas4 ,be=e ,cremation1 4#jjaa4jjjhj 4#jjj4jjhj4jjjj4jaf ,dur+ ,cremation1 4#jjdd4jjjia 4#jab4jjfe4jjag4jae ,x w be se5 by a comp>ison ( ^! results t ! gase\s products ( ord9>y coal combu/ion are modifi$ to only an inconsid]able ext5t by matt] pass+ ?r\gh ! walls ( ! cremation retort4 ,illum9at+ gas is a v>iable mixture ( hydrog51 m>% gas1 olefiant gas1 & o!r gases1 & is entirely h>mless :5 produc$ 9 ! small quantities indicat$ 9 ! table1 & s ?or\ghly di/ribut$ ?r\gh ! air4 ,t s mu* free oxyg5 passes (f ) ! escap+ products is an indication ( ! ?or\ghness ( ! combu/ion1 & ! complete oxidation ( ! oxidizable products4 ,9 conclusion1 ,i w\ld say t n any ( ! _m & v>i\s te/s1 ei!r at ! crematorium or 9 my laboratory1 ( ! products "u consid]ation1 indicat$ ! pres5ce ( any?+ t w\ld pollute ! air4 ,! burn+ ( ! body produces no mat]ial diff]5ce 9 ! gases escap+ f ! *imney4 ,! volume ( ! *imney products did n seem to be increas$ by ! burn+ ( ! body1 & ! products _h precisely ! same odor dur+ cremation t !y _h be=e ! body 0 put 9 ! retort4 ,i might add t ,i also made a te/ ( ! temp]ature ( ! products issu+ f ! *imney1 & f\nd x to be ab\t #cjj ,f4 ,?is is surpris+ly l[1 consid]+ ! high temp]ature ( ! retort 7#bejj to #bhjj ,f471 & indicates a mo/ excell5tly design$ furnace1 utiliz+ z x does s l>ge a p]c5tage ( ! heat4 ,ab\t "o-f\r? ( ! heat ( boil] furnaces goes up ! *imney4 ,! process ( cremation inv5t$ by ,joseph ,v59i1 ( ,milan1 ,italy1 is us$ 9 ! crematorium ( ,buffalo1 ,n4 ,y4 ,! process consi/s ( two p>ts3 fir/1 ! g5]ation ( gas2 & second1 ! cremation prop]4 ,! app>atus is con/ruct$ ) a gas g5]ator 7,a71 :i* is a simple fire-pot ab\t f\r feet 9 a v]tical measurem5t & two lat]ally1 & is locat$ 9 ! basem5t ( ! crematory4 ,! air = combu/ion is admitt$ ?r\gh a grate 9 ! bottom1 & is n suffici5t to all[ ( ! combu/ion ( ! entire mass ( small wood :i* is heap$ on ! fire4 ,! result is t ! fire at ! bottom di/ils ! wood at ! top1 & ! gases ( di/illation & combu/ion ( wood are c>ri$ to ! back end ( ! inc9]at+ *amb] 7,b71 :i* is on ! ma9 floor4 ,"h ^! gases are met by air heat$ 9 a *amb] 7,c7 outside ( ! furnace1 :]e ! two are ignit$ by a fire 7,d7 :i* is kept burn+ j "u _! po9t ( union4 ,! ,buns5 flame 7,e7 ?us produc$ is ?r[n q across ! inc9]at+ *amb]2 !nce x is c>ri$ back b5ea? ! retort by ! flue 7,f7 into ! basem5t to a *imney1 :i* is ab\t #dj feet high1 & s to ! op5 air4 ,a c]ta9 am\nt ( gas is also burn$ 9 ! flue 7,f7 b5ea? ! inc9]at+ retort & also at ! bottom ( ! *imney4 ,x w be se5 f ?is description ! ,buns5 burn]s play directly ^u ! subject1 & by _! heat lib]ate ! gases ( ! body1 :i* gases1 be+ burn$ 9 ! retort1 are c>ri$ into ! flue b5ea?2 "h ano!r ,buns5 flame 7,h7 ignites su* combu/ible mat]ial z has n be5 consum$ 9 ! retort1 & at ! foot ( ! *imney ! ?ird ,buns5 burn]1 :i* is n repres5t$ 9 ! illu/ration1 f9i%es ! combu/ion4 ,to heat ! app>atus requires an h\r & a qu>t]1 & :5 ! temp]ature is #bejj to #cjjj ,f41 ! body is plac$ 9 ! furnace1 & 9 ab\t an h\r is cremat$4 ,! am\nt ( fuel us$ is little m ?an half a cord ( wood1 or its equival5t4 ,! furnace :i* w be us$ at ! ,c9c9nati crematorium is on a novel sy/em devis$ by ,mr4 ,m4 ,r4 ,conway4 ,aft] ! fire is light$1 /eam is g5]at$ by means ( pipes situat$ 9 ! flues2 ?is /eam passes up ?r\gh ! c5t] wall ( ! furnace & is di/ribut$ ov] ! inc&esc5t coke4 ,9 its passage x ga!rs air en\gh to supply ! requir$ oxyg54 ,x also br+s ) x ! gases g5]at$ f ! body be+ inc9]at$1 & all ^! gases are reg5]at$ into an int5se heat 9 ! combu/ion *amb]2 mak+ a p]fectly odorless furnace4 ,i quote f a pamphlet writt5 by an 8eye-witness0 ( cremation1 :o _h be=e look$ ^u x ) repugnance1 b :o on witness+ x became a mo/ e>ne/ advocate3-- 8,a furnace fire is built & kept burn+ = #bj or #cj h\rs be=e ! cremation is to take place4 ,imm$iately above ! fire is plac$ 9 a horizontal position a cyl9d] ( clay call$ ! inc9]ator1 ?ree feet 9 diamet] by sev5 feet long4 ,?is fire-clay inc9]ator1 ! walls ( :i* are f "o to two in*es ?ick1 receives to itself ! int5se heat ( ! fire bel[1 b does n admit ! flames4 ,! consequ5ce is t ! body1 :5 plac$ 9 ! inc9]ator1 is n1 9 a prop] s5se ( ! ^w1 burn$4 ,x is r$uc$ to a%es by ! *emical application ( int5se heat4 ,gases are driv5 (f or absorb$1 & be+ c>ri$ d[n into ! fire f ! inc9]ator & l$ back & =? #be feet ?r\gh its flames1 are utt]ly consum$4 ,ev5 ! smoke ( ! fire is consum$1 & no?+ c be se5 issu+ f ! *imney b ! quiv] ( ! heat4 ,! process might be call$1 z we h said1 ! spiritualization ( ! body1 ! e!realization or sublimation ( its mat]ial p>ts4 8,:5 ! inc9]ator has be5 rais$ to a :ite heat1 x is ready = ! reception ( ! rema9s4 ,z ! cov] is remov$ f its m\?1 ! 9-ru%+ air cools x f a :ite to a r$ heat1 & ! :ole inn] surface is fill$ ) a beautiful rosy light :i* is fasc9at+ to ! eye4 ,x looks l ! blu% ( dawn ^u ! sky1 or l ! exquisite t9ts :i* sometimes flick] along ! aurora borealis4 ,!re is no?+ repulsive ab\t x1 & no?+1 z has be5 said1 to sugge/ ! idea ( fire except ! int5se heat4 8,! body1 be+ dec5tly clad = burial & t5d]ly laid 9 ! crib provid$ = ! purpose1 is :olly cov]$ ) a clean1 :ite %eet :i* has be5 dipp$ 9 a solution ( alum4 ,! effect ( ?is is to entirely prev5t smoke or fumes or flame1 :i* w\ld o!rwise arise f putt+ any?+ inflammable into ! mid/ ( su* a heat2 b1 "u its protection1 ev5 ! extraord9>y heat ( ! inc9]ator does n produce ^u ! body ! appe>ance ( scor*+ or smok+ or any?+ ( ! sort4 ,!re is no su* impression z t ( burn+ made ^u ! eye4 ,! %eet1 saturat$ ) alum1 reta9s its orig9al position ov] ! crib1 & conceals ! entire =m until no?+ b ! bones are left2 & :5 ! eye fir/ re/s ^u ! rema9s aft] !y are left 9 ! rosy light ( ! cyl9d]1 x sees no?+ b ^! bones g5tly crumbl+ away into du/ "u ! my/ic t\* ( an invisible ag5t1 ^: only appe>ance to ! eye is l ! tremor ( ! nor!rn lights 9 ! sky2 or1 m exactly1 ! radiation ( heat f ! e>? b5ea? ! summ]'s sun4 8,y h laid a :ite-rob$ =m )9 ! rosy cyl9d]1 & h turn$ away to ?9k ) gratitude t all is well4 ,y h let y\r imag9ation dwell lov+ly ^u ! pleas+ s5tim5t t :atev] may be left--beside ! calc9$ bones1 mo/ pure & clean--has gone to m+le ) ! upp] air & dwell ) sun%9e1 birds1 & fl[]s4 ,! d>kness & ! dampness ( ! e>? h be5 escap$1 & s h ! p]ils ( grave-snat*+1 ! indec5cies ( a possible dissect+-room1 & ! nameless horrors ( putrefaction4 ,y h pleasant memories to *]i% ( ! #8la/ sad h\r1' :i*1 in/ead ( #8brea?less d>kness' & ! #8n>r[ h\se' & ! dreadful ?ud ( fall+ e>? ^u ! c(f91 pres5ts to m9d a lovely b$ ( rosy light1 & a peaceful =m clad 9 virg9 purity re/+ )9 its s(t embrace4 ,if a lily _h be5 laid ^u a b$ ( p9ks or roses1 9 ! summ]1 & y _h se5 its fragrance & its beauty all exhale amid ! %imm]+ beams or radiat$ heat b5ea? ! t\* ( "s invisible & g5tle ag5cy1 y w\ld h _h a n dissimil> exp]i5ce4 ,& ?is is nei!r pa9ful to ! eye1 nor di/ress+ to ! s5sibilities1 nor ungrateful to ! memory40 ,! foll[+ beautiful description ( a cremation ( ! future is f ! ,mod]n ,age = ,janu>y1 #ahhd1 a j\rnal :i*1 alas6 0 discont9u$ = lack ( support3-- 8,x is n a disagreeable j\rney on :i* we n[ propose to take our read]s4 ,x is to witness ! f9al disposition ( a fri5d's rema9s 9 ! ideal crematory ( ! future--sci5ce hav+ already p]fect$ ! me*anical appliances necess>y 9 conduct+ x 9 ! way we describe4 ,our fri5d has di$1 & ?r\gh ! usual ann\ncem5ts we le>n t ! la/ rites w be p]=m$ 9 ! columb>ium at a giv5 h\r4 ,repair+ ?i!r at ! appo9t$ "t1 we fir/ pass ?r\gh a grove ( /ately trees1 ! soo?+ murmur ( ^: ru/l+ leaves br+s peace & quiet into ! he>ts ( ^? :o m\rn & ga!r to pay ! la/ tribute4 ,)9 ! grove /&s a massive build+ ( gray masonry ^: ar*itecture %[s no /riv+ aft] ornam5tal effect1 & ^: solid proportions give a s5se ( et]nal p]man5cy4 ,a few small w9d[s 9 a simple frieze :i* cr[ns its walls d n de/roy ?is effect1 & _! pla9 /a9$ glass cla%es 9 n[ise ) ! h>mony ( color betwe5 ! sky1 ! trees1 & ! gray /one ( ! temple ( re/4 ,ab\t ! ,doric pill>s ( its portico gre5 v9es tw9e fondly z if !y1 too1 w\ld d _! %>e 9 robb+ dea? ( all its hide\sness4 ,to ?is place lov+ h&s h borne ! body ( our fri5d4 ,no c(f9 l5ds its horror to ! j\rney f ?is e>?ly home to "h1 :]e et]nal sleep awaits him4 ,a fl[]-/rewn bi] gives poetic c>riage = ?is %ort & f9al j\rney4 ,ent]+ ! broad portal1 ! s(t1 deep notes ( an organ *>m ! e>4 ,! eye takes 9 a mo/ impos+ sight4 ,! entire int]ior ( ! build+ is "o impressive room1 ) walls1 floor1 ceil+1 all ( :ite & spotless m>ble4 ,! view is n a dazzl+ "o1 = ! light is subdu$ & comes 9 v>i$ color ?r\gh ! w9d[s at ! top4 ,on ei!r side ( ! *amb] /& a few memorial /atues1--real works ( art1--ea* "o ( !m keep+ alive ! memory ( "s "o :o 9 8 life 0 ei!r good or great4 ,_m ( ! m>ble slabs 9 ! sides & floor ( ! temple be> 9 pla91 sunk5 lett]s1 a "n & two dates4 ,beh9d or b5ea? !m are ni*es conta9+ urns :]e re/ ! pure :ite a%es ( ! belov$ dead4 ,on a simple dais 9 ! middle ( ! room lays ! body ( our belov$ fri5d4 ,! h\r has come1 & ab\t x are ga!r$ ^? :o knew & lov$ him :ile he liv$4 ,! sc5e1 ! surr\nd+s1 ! subdu$ music ( ! organ1 ! abs5ce ( ev]y?+ to j> ^u ! ta/e or s5ses1 br+s on a mood ( solemn contemplation4 ,no ?\ght ( physical corruption j>s ^u our memories ( ! dead4 ,! op5+ words ( ! speak] are said1 a hidd5 *oir h>moni\sly *ants ( hope & life1 & n[ ! end has come4 ,) ! words #8a%es to a%es' a :ite pall is ?r[n ov] ! dais1 & we h look$ ^u our fri5d = ! la/ "t4 ,! dais noiselessly s9ks f sight1 a %ort h\r is sp5t 9 li/5+ to a fun]al oration1 or 9 contemplation1 until ! dais1 /ill cov]$ ) ! pall1 rises f bel[4 ,! pall remov$1 we see ^u ! dais an urn--provid$ be=eh&1 & conta9+ ! a%es ( our fri5d4 ,?is is n[ seal$ into "o ( ! ni*es1 & ! c]emony is ov]4 ,?is is n pure imag9ation4 ,mod]n inv5tion has n[ robb$ inc9]ation ( all its objectionable features4 ,nev] till ( late ye>s c\ld ! _w well & simply solve ! problem ( :at to d ) its dead4 ,! :ole process is c>ri$ on z we h pictur$1 & )\t a s+le revolt+ feature 9 any "p ( x40 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,m$ico-,,legal ,,aspect ,,( ,,inc9]ation4--,,! ,,objections ,,to ,,cremation4 ,! battle betwe5 tor* & spade is n new2 x has be5 go+ on s9ce e>ly times4 ,t]tullian1 a writ] ( ! second c5tury1 decl>es t _m ( ! ,g5tiles 7 oppos$ to cremation on ! score ( ! cruelty :i* x did to ! body1 :i* did n des]ve su* p5al treatm5t4 ,?is is exactly :at "s are ass]t+ n[4 ,! "w ( an anci5t ,greek poet ev5 conta9s a passage reque/+ ,prome!us to take back ! fire :i* he _h procur$ !m4 ,!re 0 a "t :5 ! ,pagans 7 disput+ ! propriety ( burn+ ! dead ^u any consid]ation :atev]4 ,h]aclitus advocat$ cremation2 ,?ales & ,hippon1 e>? burial4 ,9 ! w> :i* a few ,*ri/ians are n[ wag+ aga9/ inc9]ation1 we !re=e only h ano!r illu/ration ( h[ hi/ory repeats itself4 ,peoples are /ill conte/+ ! po9t 9 l&s :i* are pa9t$ 9 ,pagan black ^u ! maps ( ! mission>ies1 & :]e ,*ri/ians z yet h no foot+4 ,"s sects 9 ,japan bury & "s burn _! dead2 "s ( ! ,h9doos practice int]m5t1 o!rs inc9]ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,buffalo ,,crematorium4 7,ext]ior ,view47 ,! injudici\s promot]s ( cremation are among ! greate/ enemies ( ! re=m4 ,! utt]ance t inc9]ation %\ld be obligatory 0 extremely un=tunate1 z 0 ! idea ( produc+ illum9at+ gas = g5]al use f ! combu/ion ( corpses1 some?+ aft] ! fa%ion ( ! twelf? c5tury's lant]nes des morts4 ,! fancy ( ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson to use ! a%es result+ f cremation z a f]tiliz] 0 also a mis*iev\s idea1 & did mu* to delay ! progress ( inc9]ation 9 ,great ,brita94 ,! abhorr5ce ent]ta9$ by _m ( cremation dep5ds1 to a v great ext5t1 on ! univ]sal t5d5cy ( individuals & peoples to res5t any int]f]5ce ) e/abli%$ cu/oms2 to reject any innovation1 simply because x is an innovation4 ,= in/ance1 if cremation %\ld be ! cu/om>y practice at ! pres5t "t1 a proposition to re-e/abli% inhumation w\ld meet1 ,i am c]ta91 ) ! mo/ viol5t opposition4 ,! cremationi/s are n[ *>g$ ) en?usiasm & fanaticism by individuals :o w\ld be cont5t t sci5ce %\ld 8/& at gaze l ,jo%ua's moon 9 ,ajalon40 ,mo/ ( ! progress 9 all dep>tm5ts ( le>n+ has be5 made by en?usia/s1 & a man mu/ be an en?usia/ inde$ to )/& ! prejudice 8dry z du/0 :i* yields ! gr\nd sl[ly & grudg+ly1 b :i* is c]ta9 to be defeat$ 9 ! end4 ,! fir/ "q t comes be=e u = consid]ation is1 ,w\ld n cremation de/roy ! evid5ce ( crime8 ,?is ref]s n only to cases ( poison+1 b also to ^? in/ances :]e p]sons meet ) a viol5t dea? by be+ %ot1 /abb$1 or o!rwise sev]ely injur$4 ,?is is ! only tangible objection t has ev] be5 made by ! anti-cremationi/s4 ,x is ( great importance1 & unless we are able to %[ t x c be obviat$1 we mu/ admit t x con/itutes a s]i\s drawback to cremation4 ,?is1 z ,dr4 ,j4 ,o4 ,m>ble appropriately rem>ks1 is1 9 fact1 ! "o & only real lion 9 ! way ( ! progress ( inc9]ation z a sub/itute = inhumation1 & unless we c muzzle ?is lion1 he may fright5 away ! pilgrims4 ,if ! *>ges made by ! anti-cremation p>ty 7 true1 inc9]ation1 if e/abli%$1 w\ld (f] facilities = ! commission & concealm5t ( hide\s crimes4 ,a victim c\ld be de/roy$ by poison1 ! dead body c>ri$ to a furnace & r$uc$ to a small heap ( a%es 9 a %ort space ( "t1 & ! crime ?us =ev] plac$ beyond ! rea* ( detection4 ,! cremator1 !n1 w\ld become ! in/rum5t & accomplice ( ! murd]]4 ,x is urg$ t ! ag5ts employ$ 9 ! commone/ =m ( secret murd]--poison+--are (t5 ( a novel1 subtle1 & v>i\s "*4 ,we are appris$ t x is extremely improbable t ! physician call$ 91 if he be call$ 91 has ev] se5 _! effects1 ei!r on man or animals2 t c>e w be tak5 t he %all n see !m2 t ! poison] has ! advantage ( prep>ation on 8 side2 & f9ally1 t discov]y1 :5 made1 is g5]ally made at "s v>iable p]iod aft] dea?1 & !n r 9 consequ5ce ( an aggregation ( suspici\s collat]al circum/ances po9t+ to ! commission ( o!r crimes ( a l nature ?an ( any possible obs]vations at ! b$side ( ! murd]$ p]son4 ,inde$1 a =midable array ( argum5ts1 :i* c be1 nev]!less1 ov]come 9 sev]al ways4 ,! "q n[ be=e u = solution is n ( rec5t date1 b has already agitat$ ! m9ds ( ! anci5ts1 :o1 mo/ probably1 inve/igat$ ! cause ( dea? be=e !y consign$ _! dead to ! fun]al pyre4 ,tacitus1 ! ,roman hi/orian1 relates t ! corpse ( ,g]manicus lay 9 /ate 9 ! =um ( ,antio*1 a place fix$ = sepul*ral rites1 b t 8:e!r x bore ! m>ks ( poison+ yet rema9s undecid$10 = ! p 7 divid$ 9 _! op9ions1 "s pity+ ,g]manicus & suspect+ ,piso's guilt1 o!rs prejudic$ 9 favor ( ! latt]4 ,pl9y also relates 9 *apt] #ga ( 8 ,natural ,hi/ory1 lib4 xi3 8,x is claim$ t ! he>t ( ^? :o die ( morbus c>diacus 7organic he>t disease7 _c be de/roy$ by fire1 & ! same is said to be true ( ! he>t ( poison$ p]sons40 ,an oration ( ,vitellus is extant 9 :i* he accuses ,piso1 ! physician1 ( hav+ poison$ ,g]manicus1 s9ce ! he>t ( ! latt] w\ld n burn4 ,piso def5d$ himself by describ+ ! disease ( :i* ! emp]or _h di$4 ,dr4 ,j4 ,o4 ,m>ble1 :o has writt5 ( ?is subject1 affirms3 8,x mu/ be admitt$ t cases ( crim9al poison+1 su* z w\ld be detect$ by an exhumation & exam9ation ( a buri$ body1 are v r>e1 = 9 our day ,lucrezia ,borgias & ,br9villi]s are few & easily detect$4 ,9 a community l ours cases ( ?is k9d are extremely r>e4 ,9 a va/ majority ( cases ! cause ( dea? is p]fectly evid5t to any intellig5t physician4 ,no d\bt obscures ! case4 ,! li/ ( causes ( dea?1 p]fectly evid5t ev5 to ! fri5ds & non-m$ical p]sons1 embraces probably at lea/ n9e-t5?s ( ! :ole mortality4 ,d\btful cases h g5]ally be5 visit$ by m ?an "o skilful physician4 ,! fraction 9 :i* crime ( any sort might h be5 p]petrat$ becomes ?us v small4 ,moreov]1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( *emical analysis & exp]t m$ical te/imony1 ! advantages ( ! po/hum\s exam9ation ( a body ) a view to ! detection ( crime accrue less to ju/ice ?an to ! lawy] = ! def5se40 ,! m$ico-legal objection1 z x is call$1 does n apply 9 e case1 s9ce e day individuals die ( easily det]m9$ causes1 su* z small-pox1 consumption1 hemorrhage f ! lungs or /oma*1 dr[n+1 or o!r accid5ts1 & suicide2 9 %ort1 9 su* a way z to place ! cause ( dea? beyond cavil & dispute4 ,x is true t a regul> proportion ( bodies are dug up e ye> on suspicion ( f\l play2 b1 aside f ! fact t t proportion is v small1 h[ _m ( ^! cases ju/ify ! exhumation8 ,s unc]ta9 & inaccurate is ! po/-mortem evid5ce ( crim9al poison+1 t no bodies h be5 exhum$ = =5sic purposes 9 ,vi5na1 ,au/ria's capital1 s9ce #ahje4 ,t>*9i-,bonfanti1 = #bf ye>s p]ito-m$ico 7m$ical exp]t7 at ! tribunal ( ,milan1 ,italy1 decl>es t dur+ ?is "t1 al?\gh _m ?\s&s ( litigations came be=e ! c\rt :i* 0 reque/$ to pron\nce judgm5t ^u !m1 only 9 t5 cases 0 x necess>y to resort to exhumation4 ,only t5 cases 9 #bf ye>s1 out ( sev]al ?\s&s ( lawsuits1 & f\r only out ( ! t5 exhumations l$ to ! detection ( ! crime & ! crim9al4 ,^! f\r cases1 h[ev]1 occurr$ 9 a s+le lawsuit--t ( ,boggia4 ,9 ?is in/ance ! dis9t]m5t w\ld h tak5 place1 ev5 if cremation _h be5 at ! "t an e/abli%$ & univ]sal cu/om1 = ,boggia _h buri$ 8 victims 9 8 own cell>4 ,t>*9i-,bonfanti ass]ts t exhumations = =5sic purposes are extremely r>e1 & t ^? :i* are made yield ei!r negative1 or at be/ d\btful results4 ,dis9t]m5t1 in/ead ( furni%+ an explanation1 in/ead ( %$d+ light ^u "s my/]y1 m (t5 is foll[$ by confusion1 & may give rise to errone\s conclusions4 ,x w\ld be next to impossible to cremate a murd]$ p]son 9 a furnace ( ! ord9>y k9d4 ,z to ! poor & ignorant murd]]1 ! regulation ( cremation w\ld make him %r9k f submitt+ 8 victim to ! au?orities ( a crematorium1 & he w\ld f9d x f> m conv5i5t & safe to int] ! corpse secretly1 z ^! crim9als g5]ally d at ! pres5t "t4 ,!re are _m poisons :i*1 by a rapid *ange ( _! sub/ance1 are extremely difficult to detect 9 ! human body aft] dea?1 ev5 aft] a %ort "t1 sometimes b a few days2 = in/ance1 cyanide ( potassium1 prussic acid1 & at c]ta9 times phosphorus4 ,b :5 a c>eful inque/1 su* z ! cremationi/s propose1 is held1 poison+ by ^! ag5ts _c s easily escape detection4 ,9 poison+ by phosphorus1 ! yell[ hue ( ! face ( ! victim w\ld excite suspicion & lead to a po/-mortem exam9ation1 :5 ! *>act]i/ic sign ( phosphorus poison+ 9 ! fatty deg5]ation ( ! liv] w\ld be discov]$4 ,an autopsy w\ld spe$ily make evid5t poison+ by pure prussic acid1 = ! op5 cavities ( ! body w\ld exhale ! odor ( bitt] almonds4 ,poison+ by cyanide ( potassium c1 ( c\rse1 only be detect$ by a *emical analysis ( ! cont5ts ( ! /oma*1 inte/9es1 etc4 ,i ?9k ,i may safely affirm t x is impossible = ! be/ ( anatomi/s to det]m9e ! lesions1 if !re be any1 ( a decompos$ body4 ,all vegetable poisons1 except ! alkaloid ( /ry*nia1 decompose ) ! body2 x is extremely r>e t any alkaloid c be discov]$ 9 ! body po/hum\sly4 ,m9]al poisons1 su* z antimony1 lead1 copp]1 comb9ations ( b>yta1 & _m o!rs1 are inde/ructible1 & c be detect$ 9 ! a%es4 ,x may ev5 happ5 t1 by "s extra c>e1 ! process ( inc9]ation may be ! mo/ effici5t means ( detect+ poison+ by ars5ic & m]cury4 ,( c\rse we %\ld n =get t1 )\t "s precaution1 ! salts ( ars5ic & m]cury w\ld be volatiliz$2 b :ile !y are volatiliz$1 !y mu/ also1 at a r$uc$ temp]ature1 be aga9 deposit$1 & x rema9s = ! *emi/ to det]m9e ! mo/ effici5t contrivance = recogniz+ its deposition4 ,direct exp]im5ts in/itut$ by ,m4 ,cadet & v]ifi$ by ,,mm4 ,d\rsant & ,wur/1 ev5 prove t ! salts ( ars5ic c be detect$ 9 ! a%es aft] inc9]ation4 ,z matt]s /& to-day1 x is pu]ile to ?9k t we c prev5t ! ri* & skilful poison] f committ+ crime z long z we p]mit him to employ und]tak]s1 :o1 )\t re/ra9t ( law1 inject ars5iate ( soda & corrosive sublimate into ! body ( 8 victim1 & ?us remove all traces ( ! crime4 ,dr4 ,cam]on1 9 a spee* be=e ! ,h\se ( ,commons ( ,engl& 9 #ahhd1 decl>$3-- 8,num]\s mod]n rese>*es h %[n t putrefactive f]m5tation 9 decay+ animal matt] gives rise to ! =mation ( seps9e & o!r alkaloids1 "s ( !m int5sely poison\s4 ,little or no?+ is kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry conc]n+ ! products ( putrefaction4 ,ptoma9es is ! g5]al "n :i* has be5 giv5 to !m abroad1 & ,i don't "k t ,i ev] saw x pr9t$ 9 ! ,engli% language4 ,little is kn[n ( ^! ptoma9es ev5 by ^? :o h /udi$ !m mo/ closely1 b en\gh has be5 discov]$ to %[ t we mu/ be v c>eful z to h[ f> we rely ^u :at are call$ physiological te/s = poisons 9 ! case ( bodies :i* h be5 exhum$2 & t ! fact t frogs1 rabbits1 or dogs are kill$ by ! action ( matt]s extract$ f ! visc]a ( a putrefy+ body c no long] by itself be held z prov+ t ^? visc]a conta9$ any poison be=e putrefaction comm5c$40 ,is x surpris+1 :5 ! above is tak5 into consid]ation1 t ! te/imony ( *emi/s at trials = poison+ %\ld v>y s mu* & be s contradictory 9 nature8 ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson1 9 8 admirable exposition ( cremation1 :i* 0 translat$ into almo/ e civiliz$ language ( ! _w1 ?us disposes ( ! m$ico-legal objection3-- 8,x has be5 said1 & mo/ naturally1 :at gu>antee is !re aga9/ poison+ if ! rema9s are burn$1 & x is no long] possible1 z aft] burial1 to reproduce ! body = ! purpose ( exam9ation8 ,x is to my m9d a suffici5t reply t1 reg>d+ only #8! greate/ good to ! greate/ numb]1' ! am\nt ( evil 9 ! %ape ( disease & dea? :i* results f ! pres5t sy/em ( burial 9 e>? is inf9itely l>g] ?an ! evil caus$ by secret poison+ is or c\ld be1 ev5 if ! practice ( ! crime 7 v consid]ably to increase4 ,fur!r1 ! appo9tm5t ( (fic]s to exam9e & c]tify 9 all cases ( dea? w\ld be an additional & v effici5t safegu>d4 ,b--& "h ,i t\* on a v important subject--is !re reason to believe t our pres5t precautions 9 ! matt] ( dea? c]tificate aga9/ ! dang] ( poison+ are :at !y ought to be8 ,i ?9k t x mu/ be confess$ t !y are defective1 = n only is our sy/em inadequate to ! end propos$1 b x is less effici5t by comp>ison ?an t adopt$ by =eign gov]nm5ts4 ,our exi/+ arrangem5ts = asc]ta9+ & regi/]+ ! cause ( dea? are v lax1 & give rise1 z we %all see1 to s]i\s errors4 ,9 ord] to atta9 an approa* to c]titude 9 ?is important matt]1 ,i cont5d t x w\ld be mo/ desirable to nom9ate 9 e di/rict a prop]ly qualifi$ inspector to c]tify 9 all cases to ! fact t dea? has tak5 place1 to satisfy himself z f> z possible t no f\l play has exi/$1 & to give ! c]tificate accord+ly4 ,?is w\ld relieve ! m$ical att5dant ( ! deceas$ f any disagreeable duty relative to inquiry conc]n+ suspici\s circum/ances1 if any h be5 obs]v$4 ,su* (fic]s exi/ ?r\gh\t ! l>ge cities ( ,france & ,g]many1 & ! sy/em is m or less pursu$ ?r\gh\t ! prov9ces4 ,9 ,p>is no burial c take place )\t ! writt5 p]mission ( ! #8mdec9 vrificateur'2 & :e!r we adopt cremation or n1 su* an (fic] might ) advantage be appo9t$ "h40 ,sir ,h5ry sugge/s t 9 suspect$ cases ! 8dead (fic]0 %\ld reta9 9 seal$ vessels ! /oma* & o!r portions ( ! visc]a = future exam9ation4 ,b ,i ?9k x next to impossible t su* an (fic] c\ld execute duties s burd5some & s av]se to ! g5ius ( ! p4 ,let u = a mom5t turn to our de> ,am]ican commonweal?s4 ,d our burial laws aid 9 ! detection ( crime8 ,9 ! majority ( /ates a dea? c]tificate1 sign$ by a physician1 mu/ be fil$ ) ! heal? (fic]1 :o issues a burial p]mit4 ,?is is all :i* is requir$4 ,g5]ally x makes no diff]5ce :e!r ! physician or surgeon :o affixes 8 "n to ! docum5t is reputable or n4 ,! burial p]mit is look$ ^u z a m]e =mality1 an unnecess>y in/itution1 t owes its orig9 to "s :imsical lawmak]4 ,h[ (t5 d ev5 ! mo/ zeal\s ( heal? (fic]s inve/igate ! causes ( ! dea?s t are report$ to !m8 ,! doctor's c]tificate is put ^u record2 t is satisfactory1 & no m is ask$ =4 ,! re/ is sil5ce--l t :i* reigns "u ! turf1 :]e ! undetect$ victims ( ! poison] lie4 ,n[1 if our faulty burial laws1 if ! indiff]5ce ( our (fic]s ( heal?1 are n a direct inc5tive to ! f\le/ & mo/ insidi\s =ms ( crime1 ,i d n "k :at is4 ,7 ,i a secret assass91 ,i c]ta9ly w\ld wi% = no m enc\ragem5t4 ,z matt]s n[ /&1 any evil-do]1 ) ! help ( "s unscrupul\s m$ical man1 may commit murd] daily )\t fe> ( detection4 ,i propose to %[ t if inc9]ation 7 e/abli%$1 ! c>eful scrut9y ( corpses & (ficial exam9ations 9 suspect$ cases1 :i* w\ld prec$e ! r$uction ( ! body to a%es1 w\ld r assi/ 9 ! detection ( murd] ?an h9d] x4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,eassie1 9 a lecture deliv]$ at ! ,int]national ,heal? ,exhibition la/ ye>1 express$ himself an5t ?is "q z foll[s3 8,) reg>d to d\btful dea?s x w\ld be necess>y to make sure t ! body exhibit$ no traces ( poison1 or t c]ta9 small portions ( ! body %\ld be remov$ !refrom & kept = a few ye>s4 ,= in/ance1 a small portion ( ! /oma* & inte/9es & _! cont5ts 9 case ( vegetable poison+1 & a small portion ( ! liv]1 %\ld m9]al poison+ be suspect$4 ,!re is no difficulty 9 deal+ ) ?is matt] 9 o!r c\ntries :]e cremation has become p]missive2 & x is ^u record t ! exam9ation ( ! body ( a *ild 9 ,italy1 :i* _h be5 made 9 ! ord9>y way dem&$ by ! au?orities previ\s to ! cremation1 prov$ t ! *ild _h be5 poison$ app>5tly by sweetmeats1 & ?is w\ld n h be5 reveal$ _h an ord9>y burial 9 ! e>? tak5 place40 ,i mu/ "h repeat :at ,i h already said reg>d+ ,sir ,h4 ,?ompson's intimation t "p ( ! bodies ab\t to be cremat$ might be cons]v$ = future exam9ation3 ,! /rong dislike ( ! public w\ld nev] all[ ( su* a measure4 ,"l ,bramwell1 ! em95t ,engli% lawy]1 9 a lett] to ,sir ,sp5c] ,wells conc]n+ inc9]ation1 /ates3 8,i wi% y success 9 ! promotion ( cremation2 ,i ?9k x is "r1 & :at is v r>e1 ) no drawback4 ,x is ! *eape/1 ! mo/ :olesome1 & to my m9d1 ! lea/ repulsive way ( dispos+ ( ! dead & ^? we h lov$4 ,t x is legal !re is n a d\bt4 ,! only objection1 t murd]s might g undetect$1 ,i believe to be m ?an unf\nd$4 ,y h surr\nd$ ! ?+ ) precautions4 ,i h he>d x sugge/$ t !re are _m murd]s :i* escape detection = want ( suspicion & consequ5t inquiry4 ,h[ t may be ,i "k n1 b x w n be ! case ) ^? bodies cremat$ "u ! regulations ( ! ,cremation ,society ( ,engl&4 ,! ,engli% society requires su* und\bt$ pro(s ( natural dea? t a crim9al w\ld n d>e tru/ 8 victim to ! flames40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,buffalo ,,crematorium4 7,int]ior ,view47 ,to cut a long /ory %ort1 let me say t cremationi/s meet ! m$ico-legal objection by a dem& = a c>eful inque/ ov] e dead body1 & a po/-mortem exam9ation1 includ+ a *emical analysis ( all ! visc]a1 9 e in/ance :]e dea? by toxic ag5ts is suspect$4 ,9 _m cities ( ,europe ! dead are exam9$ by physicians appo9t$ by ! gov]nm5t4 ,! result has be5 t1 z = in/ance 9 ,dresd51 ,leipsic1 & ,frank=t1 ,g]many1 no exhumation took place aft] ! inque/ became obligatory & 0 practic$ 9 e in/ance ( decease4 ,9 ,bav>ia1 ,saxony1 ,nassau1 & ,bad51 !re are regul> coron]s ^: duty x is to inspect e corpse1 :ile 9 ,engl& ! coron]'s jury only conv5es 9 cases :]e ! cause ( dea? is n app>5t4 ,) u ! (fice ( coron] is n an important "o4 ,g5]ally laym5 are appo9t$ to x1 m5 :o h done "s "w at t awful p[]1 ! political ma*9e4 ,?is is wrong4 ,! (fice ( coron] %\ld only be ve/$ 9 m$ical m51 & only 9 su* :o h %[n t !y are qualifi$ to fill su* a position ( consequ5ce4 ,e c&idate = coron] %\ld be exam9$ 9 =5sic m$ic9e & pa?ology1 & %\ld give an ocul> demon/ration ( 8 capability to make a ?or\gh autopsy4 ,only ^? :o h graduat$ f a m$ical s*ool ( repute1 recogniz$ by law & all ! bo>ds ( heal? ( ! c\ntry1 %\ld be eligible4 ,! coron] %\ld h p[] to dem& an explanation ( ! cause ( dea? f ! physician :o att5d$ ! deceas$ 9 8 la/ illness1 & :5ev] su* explanation is unsatisfactory1 or !re are o!r reasons :i* lead him to suspect t ! defunct has be5 f\lly dealt )1 to ord] a complete po/-mortem exam9ation4 ,he %\ld1 fur!rmore1 h ! "r to summon be=e him any witnesses ^: te/imony might cle> up ! case 9 h&4 ,! coron] %\ld issue ! burial p]mits1 ! heal? (fic] be+ notifi$ only :5 p]sons h di$ ( an infecti\s or contagi\s disease4 ,to make ?is s*eme successful1 x is ess5tial t ! practition] ( m$ic9e :o assumes ! coron]%ip %\ld receive adequate paym5t = 8 s]vices1 su* remun]ation 9 fact z w\ld enable him to give up 8 :ole "t & tal5t to 8 (fice4 ,beside ! advantages :i* ,i h already indicat$1 a sy/em su* z ?is w\ld d\btlessly enri* ! mortality /ati/ics z well z =5sic m$ic9e & pa?ological anatomy4 ,t x w\ld be an effici5t safegu>d aga9/ crime1 ,i ?9k e unprejudic$ p]son w admit4 ,if ?is 7 n s1 ,i c\ld b indorse ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,r4 ,haweis1 :o decl>es hone/ly3 8,= s gr& a b5efit to mank9d1 a few m cases ( poison+ w\ld be a small price to pay4 ,9 ! great progress ( social & sanit>y re=m ,i _c conceive :at x signifies :e!r or n an additional ,smi? or ,jones gets poison$ "h & !re40 ,dr4 ,purdy says3 8,inde$1 we h n 9 man's hi/ory any great b5efit result+ f a sy/em or practice b x is att5d$ by its consequ5t m9or evils2 no great public good b has its att5dant drawbacks40 ,= ^! reasons ! foll[+ say+ ( ! celebrat$ ,pr(essor ,coletti1 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,padua1 ,italy1 w always be recogniz$ z a tru? ( unusual /ability3 8,! heal? ( :ole communities is ( f> great] importance ?an ! possible escape ( a few crim9als40 ,! enemies ( cremation inquire3 ,w\ld n inc9]ation deprive ! s*ools ( m$ic9e ( anatomical mat]ial1 ! phr5ologi/s1 craniologi/s1 & la/1 b n lea/1 ! an?ropologi/s1 ( ! basis ( _! inve/igations2 namely1 ! human skeleton8 ,objections ( ?is nature c only provoke a smile4 ,9 a c\ntry l ours1 :]e _m ( ! cadav]s :i* are dissect$ 9 our m$ical s*ools are /ol5 f ! gravey>ds1 ! propos$ introduction ( cremation mu/1 no d\bt1 raise a /orm among tea*]s ( anatomy1 :o are fe>ful t ! supply ( corpses w be cut %ort by ! re=m4 ,x is n to be wond]$ at1 t ! anatomi/s raise a cry ( al>m1 =1 inde$1 ,i "k ( no o!r me?od ( disposal ( ! dead t is z damag+ to _! relations ) ! defunct z cremation4 ,ev5 a pr(essor ( ! ,jeff]son ,m$ical ,college1 a man :o ought to h kn[n bett]1 jo9$ ! anti-cremationi/s = ^! reasons4 ,e educat$ p]son kn[s t a ?or\gh k ( anatomy is ess5tial to ! successful practice ( m$ic9e & surg]y1 & t a famili>ity ) ! int]nal work+s ( ! human sy/em c be ga9$ 9 no o!r way "u ! sun4 ,b al?\gh ,i belong to ! m$ical frat]nity1 ,i c b wi% t su* a t]rible & desecrat+ practice z grave-robb+ be put a /op to4 ,x is = ! gov]nm5t ( ea* /ate to provide fully = ! dissect+-rooms ( ! m$ical colleges1 to deliv] to !m all :o die 9 prisons & poor-h\ses4 ,prison]s %\ld n be giv5 up1 ev5 :5 claim$ by relatives or fri5ds2 ! idea t ! commission ( crime may l& "o on ! dissect+-table may det] _m f trespass+ ! laws ( _! c\ntry4 ,:at diff]5ce x makes :e!r future g5]ations "k1 or d n "k1 h[ our skulls comp>$ ) t ( a gorilla1 ,i _c conceive4 ,let ! craniologi/s & alli$ sci5ti/s make _! inve/igations n[ & record !m 9 books4 ,pr9t$ matt] ( value is immortal4 ,h[ ! ar*ologi/s & an?ropologi/s1 ignor+ ! pr9t+ press1 c imag9e 7= su* fe>s only dwell 9 _! imag9ation & h no real f\ndation7 t )\t ! records ( ! tombs ! pres5t age1 its acts & de$s1 might pass away f ! k5 ( po/]ity z completely z ! anci5t civilizations ( ,c5tral ,am]ica & ,malacca1 ,i am unable to expla94 ,b ev5 if dire oblivion %\ld be ! ultimate doom ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ! op9ion ( ! _w two ?\s& ye>s h5ce is ( little consequ5ce :5 comp>$ ) ! heal? ( ^? n[ inhabit+ x4 ,9 ! words ( ! le>n$ rector ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,padua1 ,pr(essor ,coletti3 8,man %\ld disappe> & n rot2 he %\ld no m be trans=m$ into a mass ( corruption--! s\rce ( fil?y & injuri\s exhalations--?an into a grotesque mummy1 a %apeless mixture ( pit*1 res91 & p]fumes2 man %\ld become a h&ful ( a%es & no?+ m40 8,w\ld n cremation rob nature ( its supply ( ammonia80 ,?is1 "o ( ! mo/ discreetly urg$ weapons aga9/ cremation1 0 t promulgat$ by ,pr(essor ,mohr1 :o ass]t$ t if inc9]ation 7 practic$ to its full ext5t1 an int]ruption to ! ord] ( nature w\ld ensue1 s9ce ! supply ( ammonia w\ld be arre/$ or greatly curtail$4 ,dr4 ,mohr's objections to ! cremation ( ! dead pr9cipally re/ ^u ! foll[+ bases3-- #a4 ,t ammonia is ! mo/ important =m 9 :i* nitrog5 is tak5 up by ! plants4 #b4 ,t free nitrog5 does n1 or at any rate 9 suffici5t abundance1 return to ! organiz$ _w4 #c4 ,t 9 cremation ! ammonia is entirely de/roy$1 & ! nitrog5 entirely lib]at$4 #d4 ,t ! nitrog5 ( buri$ corpses is entirely conv]t$ into ammonia4 ,mohr soon _h _m foll[]s :o imag9$ t if ! bulk ( all animal rema9s %\ld be burnt to a%es1 ! mis*ief produc$ by ! loss ( ammonia w\ld be incalculable4 ,!y claim$ t x is z necess>y to vegetable life z is ! air we brea! to u2 t !re is no c\nt]balance 9 nature :]eby ?is +r$i5t c be suppli$ f o!r s\rces2 & t by cutt+ (f a l>ge proportion ( ! supply ( ammonia ! loss w\ld be quickly felt ?r\gh\t all ! animal k+dom1 & w\ld soon be foll[$ by an appreciable dim9ution ( animal life on ! globe4 ,dr4 ,mohr's objections 7 met by ! em95t ,pr(essor ,fran*imont1 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,leyd51 ,holl&1 :o prov$ t ! views held by 8 confrre 7 bo? errone\s & absurd1 & conclud$ 8 expos z foll[s3-- #a4 ,t x is n prov$ t ammonia is ! *ief nitrog5\s con/itu5t ( plants4 #b4 ,t x is prov$ t free nitrog5 returns by _m & v>i\s r\tes to ! organic _w4 #c4 ,t x is n c]ta9 t by int]m5t all ! nitrog5 becomes ammonia1 & t probably a portion ( ?is ammonia is tempor>ily tak5 out ( circulation2 &1 f9ally1 #d4 ,t x is n prov$ t ! nitrog5 is completely set free dur+ cremation4 ,& ev5 if ?is 7 s1 its quantity1 9 comp>ison ) t ( ! ammonia n[ ye>ly produc$ by ! dry di/illation & combu/ion ( coal1 is s small t ! loss ( x _c be advanc$ z any really s]i\s objection to ! practice ( cremation4 ,i mu/ "h add t ! explanations giv5 by ,pr(essor ,fran*imont are held to be p]fectly satisfactory by sev5te5 pr(essors & tea*]s ( botany & *emi/ry 9 ! ,dut* univ]sities1 ^: names are well kn[n 9 ! sci5tific _w4 ,/ud5ts ( agricultural *emi/ry1 & o!rs int]e/$ 9 ! subject1 %\ld n fail to read ,mr4 ,eassie's excell5t article on ! ass]t$ loss ( ammonia caus$ by ! cremation ( bodies1 9 ! ,london ,sanit>y ,record ( ,jan4 #ah1 #ahgh4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t all animals--f ! smalle/ insect to ! l>ge/ bea/--excrete a great am\nt ( ammonia dur+ _! lifetime1 :i* passes (f ) ! fecal matt]1 ur9e1 & transpiration4 ,besides1 x _c be d5i$ t ammonia is =m$ spontane\sly1 dur+ ! great electrical processes :i* take place 9 nature1 f ! nitrog5 & wat] ( ! atmosph]e4 ,! smoke t emanates f ! *imneys ( factories all ov] ! _w supplies m ammonia to ! vegetable k+dom ?an ! decompos+ animal bodies ev] c\ld4 ,&1 f9ally1 x mu/ be kept 9 m9d t we c g5]ate ammonia artificially2 !re=e1 %\ld a de>? ( ammonia ev] occur1 :i* is n v likely1 ?is exp$i5t w\ld /ill be left to u4 ,!re is no record$ evid5ce to %[ t any damage 0 done to ! ,egyptian vegetable _w by ! mummification :i* 0 c>ri$ on = ?\s&s ( ye>s 9 ! l& ( ! ,ph>aohs4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! c\ntry 0 9 a m fl\ri%+ condition !n ?an n[4 ,! s5tim5tal objection to cremation ,i h already treat$ ( 9 a previ\s "w2 b s9ce ,i h some?+ to add to :at ,i !n rem>k$1 ,i w rev]t to ! topic4 ,! subject at fir/ glance is revolt+4 ,to "s p]sons !re may be some?+ 9 ! idea ( r$uc+ "o's fri5ds to a%es t is repulsive4 ,yet1 :5 "o makes a c>eful /udy ( ! "q1 t prejudice or repulsiv5ess we>s away entirely1 & makes way to a feel+ t cremation is correct bo? 9 !ory & practice4 ,"o %\ld n li/5 to ! emotions 9 a matt] l ?is1 b /udy inc9]ation to be able to judge ( x2 objections f\nd$ on s5tim5t only are sure to be wrong4 ,if ! g5]al public knew1 z a physician does1 ! _m *anges a body und]goes 9 ! process ( decomposition1--putrefaction & mo/ disgu/+ *anges1--,i ?9k a great deal ( _! objection to cremation w\ld be remov$4 ,i fancy if p 9 g5]al c\ld see ! ord9>y process ( decomposition1 !y w\ld be 9 favor ( ! quick] & m sci5tific me?od ( cremation4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,l9coln intimat$ t inc9]ation w\ld keep all future great ones out ( ! sil5t company ( ^? :o h 9 =m] times add$ lu/re to ,engl&'s "n4 ,x w d no su* ?+4 ,i _c compreh5d :at ob/acles c\ld /& 9 ! way ( ! entombm5t ( an urn conta9+ ! a%es ( "s illu/ri\s p]sonage :o *ose to be cremat$ in/ead ( buri$1 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey4 ,mr4 ,william ,eassie says3-- 8,9 ! play ( #8,virg9ius' ! body ( ,virg9ia is repres5t$ z hav+ be5 plac$ 9 an urn1 & :5 ! di/raught fa!r inquires = 8 miss+ daught]1 ! vase is plac$ 9 8 h&s by ! sorr[+ lov]4 ,:5 ?is sc5e is pres5t$1 ! ?rill :i* seizes ! audi5ce is succe$$ by a s5sation ( admiration at ! em95tly sup]ior sy/em ( ! anci5ts4 ,i h se5 ! actor ,brooke1 9 ?is trag$y1 & ! effect :i* he "h produc$ 0 inexpressible4 ,_m :om ,i h consult$ z to ! feel+s eng5d]$ at ?is po9t h inv>iably decl>$ t !y 7 at ! "t complete conv]ts to cremation1 & t ! s5se ( approval only left !m :5 !y began to realize h[ impossible 7 fun]al pyres 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,happily ! ,siem5s app>atus is n[ at h&1 & its suitability prov$ beyond cavil40 ,an eye-witness to ! process ( inc9]ation says3 8,i h /ood be=e ! crematory ) a falt]+ he>t4 ,i h trembl$ at ! ?\ght ( us+ fire beside ! =m ( "o :om ,i _h lov$4 ,b :51 9 ob$i5ce to 8 own dy+ wi%1 ,i saw ! door ( ! crematory tak5 d[n1 its rosy light %9e =?1 & 8 peaceful =m1 clad 9 :ite1 laid !re at re/ amid a lovel9ess t 0 simply fasc9at+ to ! eye1 & )\t a glimpse ( flames1 or fire1 or coals1 or smoke1 ,i said1 & say s /ill1 ?is me?od1 beyond all me?ods ,i h se51 is ! mo/ pleas+ to ! s5ses1 ! mo/ *>m+ to ! imag9ation1 & ! mo/ grateful to ! memory40 ,illu/ration3 ,,gr\nd ,,plan ,,( ,,! ,,buffalo ,,crematorium4 8,is cremation illegal80 ,?is int]rogation ,i am oblig$ to answ] ) a mo/ decid$ 8,no60 ,9 our c\ntry1 x is true1 ! legal /atus ( ! "q is some:at unsettl$1 b ,i d n believe t any action tak5 9 our ,am]ican c\rts c\ld prev5t any p]sons f cremat+ a dead body :o wi%$ to d s1 provid$ x 0 n contr>y to ! express$ wi%es ( ! deceas$4 ,9 ,engl& x is only illegal to burn a corpse 9 cases :]e an inque/ ought to be held or has be5 ord]$4 ,9 o!r cases1 if ! burn+ is conduct$ 9 su* a mann] z n to cause a nuisance or (f5se aga9/ public dec5cy1 !re is no rule ( law to prev5t ?is mode ( dispos+ ( a corpse be+ adopt$4 ,"s "t ago a rajah1 :o consult$ ,mr4 ,eassie z to burn+ ! body ( 8 ranee1 _h to be told t :at he claim$ z a "r 9 ,india c\ld n be accord$ him 9 ! capital ( ! ,empire except at a risk ( sc&al4 ,?anks to ! decision ( ,sir ,james ,/eph51 ! honor>y secret>y ( ! ,cremation ,society ( ,engl& w\ld n n[ be =c$ to make su* a humiliat+ admission4 ,!re are1 ,i am sorry to say1 individuals :o ?9k t ^? :o are cremat$ let !mselves be burn$ only because !y are anxi\s to create = !mselves a little notoriety aft] dea?4 ,i c b pity ! p :o believe t ,dr4 ,gross & ,g>baldi1 = in/ance1 adopt$ su* a means to attract public att5tion aft] decease4 ,^? :o n[ ord] _! bodies inc9]at$ aft] t my/]i\s p[] call$ life is fl$1 h ! c\rage ( _! op9ions1 recognize ! _m advantages ( inc9]ation1 & all[ _! convictions to triumph ov] local & ev5 family prejudice2 !y are ! true m>tyrs ( cremation4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,burial ,,alive4--,,cremation ,,f ,,an ,,/hetic ,,& ,,religi\s ,,po9t ,,( ,,view4 ,our great ,am]ican poet1 ,edg> ,allan ,poe1 says3 8,to be buri$ alive is beyond "q ! mo/ t]rific ( all extremes :i* h ev] fall5 to ! lot ( m]e mortality40 ,is any dea? m horrible ?an ?is8 ,to be embrac$1 unprep>$1 d[n 9 ! deep d>k grave6 ,to awake aga9 ) ! greate/ long+ = life1 suff]+ ! mo/ sev]e bodily tortures1 9 ! c(f96 ,to realize t !re is no escape f inevitable dea?6 ,:o c conceive ! feel+ ( f9d+ "o's self 9 ! grave1 ! blood ru%+ to ! head1 ! body trembl+ convulsively 9 ! va9 endeavors ( ca/+ (f ! oppress+ weight1 ! organs ( respiration labor+ )\t avail = air1 ! muscles ( ! :ole body work+ )\t result1 & above all1 be+ m9dful ( c]ta9 dea? ne> at h&8 ,f "t to "t anti-cremati/s1 advocates ( e>? burial1 ( c\rse1 ass]t t cases ( burial alive are exce$+ly r>e & occur v seldom4 ,?is is v errone\s4 ,our newspap]s teem ) ! reports ( su* cases1 & "o mu/ be a c>eless read] inde$ n to obs]ve !m4 ,z ,i am a daily p]us] ( "s specim5 ( ! secul> press1 & h>dly any?+ ( importance escapes my notice1 ,i succe$$ 9 mak+ a collection ( cases ( burial alive1 f :i* ,i w cite "s /rik+ examples4 ,a ,:eel+1 ,w4 ,va41 special despat* to ! ,*icago ,tribune relates ! t]rible fate ( a "y m>ri$ lady z foll[s3-- 8,"o ( ^? gha/ly /ories ( int]m5t be=e life has become ext9ct1 :i* cause an involunt>y %udd] ( horror to pass ?r\gh ! read]1 is curr5t 9 ?is city to-night4 ,! victim1 s ! /ory goes1 is a "y m>ri$ lady ( #bj ye>s4 ,9 ,may ( la/ ye>1 ?ree mon?s aft] h] m>riage1 ! lady 0 tak5 viol5tly ill1 & aft] l+]+ = t5 days1 app>5tly di$4 ,!re 7 c]ta9 peculi>ities ab\t ! appe>ance ( ! suppos$ corpse1 h[ev]1 :i* caus$ a suspicion 9 ! m9d ( ! att5d+ physician t 8 pati5t might be 9 a trance1 b aft] keep+ ! body = f\r days ) no signs ( return+ life1 ! rema9s 7 consign$ to ! grave1 tempor>y int]m5t be+ made 9 ! family lot 9 an ab&on$ gravey>d4 ,a day or two ago ! body 0 dis9t]r$ prior to removal to ano!r cemet]y4 ,to ! surprise ( ! sexton ! c(f9-lid %[$ signs ( displacem5t1 & on its be+ remov$ ! grave-digg] 0 horrifi$ to f9d ! rema9s turn$ face d[nw>d1 ! h& fill$ ) long tufts ( hair torn f ! head1 & ! face1 neck1 & bosom deeply scrat*$ & sc>r$1 :ile ! l9+ ( ! c(f9 _h be5 torn into fragm5ts 9 ! desp]ate ef=ts ( ! entomb$ victim to escape f h] horrible fate4 ,s9ce ! discov]y ! "y husb& has be5 pro/rat$1 & 8 life is despair$ (4 ,! names are )held40 ,! sequ5t curi\s case ( premature int]m5t occurr$ at ,leipsic1 a small t[n 9 ! /ate ( ,ohio4 ,a lady :o 0 pregnant di$ sudd5ly4 ,%e 0 put 9 a c(f9 & plac$1 tempor>ily1 to await ! burial-day1 9 a vault4 ,"s ( h] relatives1 h[ev]1 ?\ght t %e _h be5 dispos$ ( too ha/ily & caus$ h] c(f9 to be op5$4 ,:5 ! air /ruck h] body1 %e reviv$4 ,%e 0 tak5 home & recov]$ entirely1 be+ soon aft] deliv]$ ( female tw9s4 ,a despat* f ,wood/ock1 ,ont41 dat$ ,jan4 #ah1 #ahhf1 to ! ,detroit ,ev5+ ,news /ates3-- 8,"o ye> ago a girl nam$ ,coll9s di$1 z 0 suppos$1 :ile play+ on ! /reet4 ,! body 0 mov$ la/ week f :]e x _h be5 buri$ 9 ! family plot1 & ! p>5ts wi%+ to view ! rema9s1 _h ! c(f9 op5$1 :5 to _! horror !y discov]$ t a dreadful /ruggle mu/ h tak5 place aft] burial4 ,! %r\d _h be5 torn to %r$s1 ! knees 7 drawn up to ! *91 "o arm 0 twi/$ "u ! head1 & ! features bore evid5ce ( dreadful torture1--all unmi/akable pro(s t ! girl _h be5 buri$ alive40 ,! celebrat$ ,engli% anatomi/1 ,w9sl[1 is said to h be5 twice ne>ly int]r$ alive4 ,! ,m>quis ,d',our*es1 c\rage\s 9 all o!r respects1 _h ! greate/ fe> ( premature burial4 ,he record$ all ! /ories ( burial alive2 he believ$ 9 !m1 & ev5 ass]t$ t "o ( 8 uncles _h awak$ "u gr\nd4 8,i h se5 dea? 9 e aspect10 said a g5]al to ,dr4 ,josat1 a g5tleman rew>d$ = a book on mortu>y h\ses1 8& x has nev] _h any t]rors = me2 b ,i own t ,i %udd] at ! notion ( f9d+ x at ! bottom ( a dit* 9 ! cemet]y40 ,incomplete dea?1 or trance1 z x is call$1 /&s midway betwe5 dea? & life4 ,dur+ ?is /ate ! s5ses _c receive impressions2 !y are inactive1 p>alyz$1 z x 74 ,yet ! sp>k ( life is /ill !re & c1 "u prop] c>e1 be reta9$ until ! natural condition is re/or$4 ,yet almo/ always trance ends ?r\gh ignorance & c>elessness 9 complete dea?4 ,x is an e/abli%$ fact t !re is no c]ta9 sign ( dea?1 none b ! beg9n+ ( decomposition4 ,to prev5t premature burial ! body mu/ be reta9$ until ! comm5cem5t ( decay is visible4 ,inc9]ation protects f ! horrors ( burial alive4 ,ev5 if a p]son 9 a trance %\ld be introduc$ into a cremation furnace1 ! int5se heat to :i* ! body w\ld be subject$ w\ld ext+ui% life imm$iately & pa9lessly4 ,x is alleg$ by "s :o are m impress$ by prejudice ?an reason1 t cremation is hea!ni%1 bruti%1 pagan1 a!i/ic1--9 %ort1 contr>y to ,*ri/ian practice4 ,?is ,i d5y6 ,to be sure ! hea!n did practice x1--! anci5t ,asiatics 7,ori5tal peoples 9 g5]al71 ,romans1 ,greeks1 ,teutons1 & ,etruscans1--b at ! same "t !y execut$ grave-burial2 & yet ,i h nev] he>d anybody decry ! latt] z abom9able1 disgu/+1 & hea!ni%4 ,x mu/ be kept 9 m9d1 t ! fir/ ,*ri/ians 7 compell$ by _! hea!n p]secutors to adopt burial4 ,!y 7 =c$ to int] _! dead secretly 9 ! catacombs2 !y c\ld n1 ev5 if !y _h *os5 to1 burn _! dead1 z ! smoke f ! cremation pyre w\ld h betray$ !m4 ,:y inhumation %\ld h become s univ]sal among ! ,*ri/ians1 t x is look$ ^u z a necess>y "p ( ! religion1 & all o!r means ( disposal ( ! dead z hea!ni%1 is n entirely pla94 ,!re is no condemnation ( cremation 9 any ( ! dogmatic tea*+s ( ! apo/les4 ,! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 :e!r 9 ,juda1 ,greece1 or ,rome1 7 ma9ly ( ! poor] classes1 :o _h to bury _! dead4 ,! m]e fact t ! ri*] & m educat$ classes1 :o 7 ! mo/ difficult to proselytize1 univ]sally practic$ cremation w\ld probably cause t cu/om to be associat$ ) _! o!r hea!ni% practices4 ,! ,romans reg>d$ ! e>ly ,*ri/ians z a new sect ( ! ,jews & call$ !m 8,naz>5es40 ,&1 9 fact1 ,*ri/ianity 0 born ( ,judaism2 = ,jesus1 ! f\nd]1 himself says 7,mat!w v4 #ag73 8,?9k n t ,i am come to de/roy ! law1 or ! prophets3 ,i am n come to de/roy1 b to fulfil40 ,x is easy to und]/& h[1 be+ an (fspr+ ( ,judaism1 ,*ri/ianity %\ld adopt t me?od ( dispos+ ( ! dead !n preval5t among ! ,jews4 ,at fir/1 z ,dean ,/anley av]s1 ! brea* betwe5 ! hea!ns & ,*ri/ians 0 n an utt] "o4 ,accord+ to ?is great div9e ! e>ly ,*ri/ians inhum$ 9 ! same places z ! hea!ns1 & ev5 pa9t$ & engrav$ ^u ! catacombs repres5tations ( ! pagan gods4 ,lat] on ! brea* wid5$1 h[ev]1 & ! ,*ri/ians1 z intimat$ above1 7 =c$ to bury _! dead 9 seclusion4 ,x is alleg$ by "s em95t writ]s on !ological subjects t 9 ! beg9n+ ,*ri/ians 7 ev5 cremat$4 ,m]ivale1 ! hi/orian1 holds t lett]s inscrib$ on _m ( ! ,*ri/ian tombs 9 ! catacombs imply t ! e>ly ,*ri/ians sometimes burn$ _! dead4 ,nev]!less1 at ! end ( ! f\r? c5tury ,*ri/ians he>d ( burn+ ) horror1 & f9ally becom+ inimical to ! practice1 al?\gh x 0 n[h]e =bidd5 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 made ha/e to aboli% x 9 ,europe4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,black ,,& ,,:ite ,,jasp] ,,urn4 7,b>l[ ,collection47 ,at ! "t ( ,pope & ,dryd5 a classical reaction set 91 & n[ aga9 may be se5 9 e *ur*y>d ! brok5 %aft1 ! inv]t$ tor*es1 & innum]able m>ble urns :i* 89 pride ( place0 re/ ^u ! monum5ts 9 our cemet]ies4 ,! phrase 8a%es to a%es1 du/ to du/10 :i* occurs 9 almo/ e fun]al s]mon prea*$ by mod]n cl]gym51 is b an allegory :i* 0 d]iv$ f ! anci5t cu/om ( c9]ation4 ,x is impossible to imag9e a%es )\t ! act ( burn+4 ,! inscription 8peace to 8 a%es0 :i* s (t5 is f\nd1 9 black or gold5 lett]s1 on ! tomb/ones ( ! pres5t "t1 prea*es inc9]ation 9 our burial-gr\nds4 ,:5 ! ,romans embrac$ ,*ri/ianity1 x 0 trans=m$ completely1 & repres5t$ a /range commixture ( rites p>tly ( pagan & p>tly ( ,hebrew orig94 ,! dalmatica ( prie/s1 ut5sils = celebrat+ mass1 frank9c5se1 etc41 7 d]iv$ f ! ,jews2 :]eas _m o!r ?+s1 z = in/ance ! wor%ip ( images1 sprung f hea!nism4 ,! papal ti>a has a rem>kable resemblance to ! hi/orical conical cap ( ! ,roman ,pontifex ,maximus2 & to ?is day ! ,lat9 appellation ( ! ,pope is id5tical ) t ( 8 pagan pr$ecessor4 ,! d]ivation ( ! crosi]1 ! pa/oral /aff ( ! bi%ops1 f ! crook ( ! augurs is und5iable4 ,! mummy graves & repres5tations ^u ! vessels ( clay :i* 7 deposit$ 9 ! sepul*res ) ! mummies te/ify t ! cross 7& inde$ ! upright cross7 0 "o ( ! olde/ & pre-,*ri/ian ornam5ts 9 ! h&s ( ! gods ( anci5t ,egypt4 ,x 0 n be=e ! twelf? c5tury t x 0 errone\sly made a specific ,*ri/ian symbol1 o/5sibly to demon/rate t al?\gh ! cross 0 mo/ contemptible1 yet ,*ri/ himself _h elevat$ x into dignity4 ,?us ! sign ( ! cross became ! symbol ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,su* wood5 crosses1 hi/ory tells u1 7 also plac$ z a memorial ^u ! m\nds ( hea!n graves4 ,if we w\ld n want to imitate hea!nism any m1 we w\ld h to quit eat+ ) knives & =ks1 /op we>+ boots & pantaloons1 & d away ) surcoats & r+s4 ,) ! exception ( /eel p5s & mat*es1 b little w\ld be left ( our daily necessities ( life t w\ld n be an imitation ( paganism4 ,! p]petual lamp burn+ at ! ideal grave ( ! ,savi\r on ! alt>s ( ,ca?olic *ur*es is an imitation ( ! lamps :i* 7 lit on ! memorial days ( ! deceas$ 9 ! columb>ia ( anci5t ,rome1 & by ^: ma9t5ance slaves1 accord+ to te/am5t>y directions1 atta9$ ! position ( fre$m54 ,! decoration ( our burial-gr\nds ) fl[]s on ! memorial days ( ! dead is copi$ f ! analog\s usage ( ! hea!ni% ,romans4 ,! enemies ( inc9]ation say t e ,*ri/ian is b\nd to practice int]m5t because ! ,bible 7,i4 ,moses iii4 #ai7 prescribes3-- 8,9 ! sweat ( ?y face %alt ?\ eat bread1 till ?\ return into ! gr\nd2 = out ( x wa/ ?\ tak52 = du/ ?\ art1 & unto du/ ?\ %alt return40 ,! above has no value :atev] z evid5ce = inhumation2 s9ce at ! times :5 ! books ( ,moses 7 writt5 ! inurn$ a%es 7 also deposit$ 9 ! du/1 i4e41 ! e>?4 ,! pres]vation ( urns above gr\nd is a mu* lat] cu/om4 ,! above citation has no ref]5ce to ! de/ruction ( a body by fire or decay1 b directs simply t ! f9al rema9s ( man1 ! du/1 be plac$ 9 ! e>?4 ,at lea/1 ?is ,bible passage might be urg$ aga9/ columb>ia1 b x has no be>+ :atev] on cremation4 ,if we %\ld h to foll[ ! ,bible 9 all ?+s1 we w\ld h to give up mo/ ( our mod]n inv5tions4 ,= in/ance1 ! day ( agricultural ma*9es w\ld be ov]1 & we w\ld h to tread out corn ) ox5 z ( yore4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! e>ly ,*ri/ians practic$ _m ?+s :i* ,*ri/ians n[ d n practice2 & !y abom9at$ "s ?+s :i* ,*ri/ians n[ univ]sally practice4 ,= in/ance1 ! e>ly ,*ri/ians did n wor%ip 9 temples or *ur*es3 !y abom9at$ temples z ei!r pagan or ,jewi%2 !y hat$ art & condemn$ /atu>y & pa9t+1 especially 9 connection ) religion2 !y de/roy$ _m ma/]pieces ( anci5t art :i* 7 n religi\s1 besides "s t 72 & !y burn$ all books save ! ,bible4 ,b ^! notions are no long] a "p ( ,*ri/ianity1 & 7 nev] "p ( its true fai?4 ,:5 ! ,romans & ,greeks knew bett] ?an we "k1 we ex]cise no compunction 9 adopt+ _! practices4 ,our boys are taught f ! classics2 arti/s /udy ! models ( ,greek1 t is1 pagan1 art2 mu* ( our philosophy is hea!n1 & m ( our jurisprud5ce4 ,! anci5ts 7 wis] ?an we 9 practic+ inc9]ation4 ,:y n1 !n1 imitate !m 9 ?is respect8 ,grant$ ev5 t cremation 7 a 8pagan cu/om10 n to adopt x :5 x has be5 conclusively demon/rat$ to be sup]ior to burial1 simply because x is ( hea!ni% orig91 %[s no?+ b mis]able n>r[-m9d$ness4 ,if cremation is a 8pagan cu/om10 h[ ab\t int]m5t8 ,e>?-burial to-day is practic$ by m hea!ns ?an ,*ri/ians4 ,or are n ^? :om we *oose to /yle pagans 9 ! majority8 ,w\ld x n1 !re=e1 be f> m correct to d5om9ate inhumation a pagan cu/om8 ,dr4 ,neil decl>es3-- 8,x 0 once consid]$ an em95tly ,*ri/ian virtue1 entitl+ him :o practic$ x to ! honors ( canonization1 to disc>d ! use ( soap & wat]2 & ?is k9d ( m$ival piety prevails a good deal yet1 not)/&+ ! good old ,roman practice ( ablution4 ,i d n f9d1 h[ev]1 t ev5 ,*ri/ian sanit>ians object to ! m frequ5t use ( ! ba? because x 0 ! pagan practice40 ,inhumation is claim$ to be ! ,*ri/ian me?od ( disposal ( ! dead p> excell5ce because ,*ri/ 0 s dispos$ (4 8,by ! same sort ( reason+10 says ! ,m$ical ,times & ,gazette ( ,london1 ,engl&1 8might x n be held t crucifixion has be5 s consecrat$ t x ought to be ! mode ( capital puni%m5t 9 ,*ri/ian c\ntries80 ,moreov]1 z ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,r4 ,haweis in=ms u1 8,*ri/ is no example to u1 = accord+ to ,*ri/ian belief he rose f ! dead & saw no corruption40 ,x is exce$+ly int]e/+ to read :at ,*ri/ himself said ab\t burial4 ,jesus1 be+ a ,jew1 l ! ,hebrews 9 g5]al _h little reg>d = burial & ! grave4 ,among ! ,jews contact ) ! dead 0 consid]$ an act ( defilem5t t _h to be soon aton$ =4 ,f ! foll[+ passage 7,mat!w viii4 #ba1 #bb7 x is pla9 t ,*ri/ 0 no fri5d ( int]m5t3-- 8,& ano!r ( 8 disciples said unto him1 ,"l1 suff] me fir/ to g & bury my fa!r4 ,b ,jesus said unto him1 ,foll[ me2 & let ! dead bury ! dead40 ,by ! dead 7i4e41 spiritually dead7 ! ,savi\r1 accord+ to ! be/ exegesis1 meant ! outside _w1 & he want$ to intimate t burial 0 fit "w = !m1 b n = ! ,*ri/ian or disciple4 ,see also ,/4 ,luke ix4 #ei4 ,*ri/ disp>ag$ ! importance ( burial m ?an once4 ,inde$1 x seems t he paid little att5tion to ! disposal ( ! dead4 ,we f9d him1 dur+ 8 m9i/rations on e>?1 heal+ ! sick1 turn+ wat] into w9e to make glad ! he>ts ( gue/s at a w$d+ fea/1 adm9i/]+ to ! wants ( ! indig5t1 & *e]+ ! d[n-trodd52 b nev] at fun]al c]emonies4 ,x 0 he :o decl>$3-- 8,god is n ! ,god ( ! dead1 b ( ! liv+40 ,dr4 ,le ,moyne says3-- 8,s f> z we h k ( ,new ,te/am5t hi/ory1 we f9d no comm& giv5 any:]e :i* 0 a #8?us sai? ! ,"l' = any mode ( burial4 ,! ,*ri/ian _w 0 left to *oose a mode ( burial40 ,:5 ,jesus di/+ui%$ betwe5 cave & e>? burial1 he consid]$ ! latt] ! mo/ despicable mode ( burial1 to :i* he comp>$ ! scribes & ,ph>isees2 = :5 he reprov$ !m by rebuke & disp>agem5t1 he said 7,mat!w xxii4 #bg73-- 8,woe unto y1 scribes & ,ph>isees1 hypocrites1 = ye are l unto :it$ sepul*res1 :i*1 inde$1 appe> beautiful outw>d1 b are )9 full ( dead m5's bones1 & ( all uncleanness40 ,! above %[s 9 :at e/imation ! f\nd] ( ,*ri/ianity held inhumation4 ,x seems ,*ri/ himself gave ! pref]5ce to cave-burial1 = s he 0 dispos$ (4 ,he 0 plac$ 7vide ,mat!w xxvii4 #eg-fj7 9 ! rock-hewn tomb ( ,joseph ( ,arima!a1 :i* 0 op5 9 front1 & ! door ( :i* 0 clos$ ) a /one4 ,*ri/ 0 n buri$ 9 ! e>?1 b 0 plac$ 9 a sepul*re because he 0 a ,jew4 ,_h he be5 an ,egyptian1 he w\ld h be5 embalm$ aft] ! fa%ion ( a mummy4 ,x 0 m]ely a matt] ( cu/om1 & is n necess>ily a prec$5t to be foll[$4 ,x is evid5t t to be buri$ z ,*ri/ 01 ,*ri/ians w\ld h to be deposit$ 9 rock-hewn tombs4 ,! ass]tion ( c]ta9 religi\s fanatics1 t cremation int]f]es ) ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( ! resurrection1 proves unt5able en\gh :5 "o b rememb]s t bo? int]m5t & inc9]ation lead to ! same result2 namely1 to ! total de/ruction ( ! body4 ,9 ! case ( cremation ?is takes place )9 an h\r2 9 e>? burial ! process may la/ = c5turies until complet$4 ,pr(essor ,max ,mll]1 ! fam\s l+ui/1 9 8 biographical essays1 writes3-- 8,i (t5 regret t ! ,jews buri$ & did n burn ! dead1 = 9 t case ! ,*ri/ian idea ( ! resurrection w\ld h rema9$ f> m spiritual40 ,cannon ,liddon believes t3-- 8,! resurrection ( ! body f its a%es is n a great] miracle ?an ! resurrection ( an unburnt body4 ,ea* mu/ be purely miracul\s4 ,fai? 9 ! resurrection w\ld h be5 z cle> & /rong if ! ,jews _h burnt _! dead1 z x is :51 z a matt] ( fact1 !y buri$ !m40 ,dr4 ,le ,moyne says3-- 8,"s religioni/s object to cremation because x might possibly ?r[ ob/acles 9 ,god's way ( collect+ ! p>ticles :i* once =m$ ! body4 ,!y seem to =get t ! disp]sion ( ! atoms :i* compose ! human body is j z wide & p]fect by inhumation z by cremation40 ,napoleon ,i41 ! ,great1 0 a firm believ] 9 cremation4 ,on ,dec4 #ad1 #ahaf1 five ye>s be=e 8 dea?1 he conv]s$ freely ) 8 surgeon1 ,b>ry ,o',me>a1 on v>i\s topics4 ,mr4 ,o',me>a 78,napoleon 9 ,exile2 or1 ,a ,voice f ,/4 ,hel5a40 ,by ,b>ry ,e4 ,o',me>a4 ,w4 ,g[ans1 ,new ,york1 #ahec1 ,vol4 ,i4 p4 #bgg7 says3-- 8,he aft]w>ds spoke ab\t fun]al rites1 & add$1 t :5 he di$1 he w\ld wi% t 8 body might be burn$4 #8,x is ! be/ mode1' said he1 #8z !n ! corpse does n produce any inconv5i5ce2 & z to ! resurrection1 t mu/ be accompli%$ by a miracle1 & x is easy to ! ,be+ :o has x 9 8 p[] to p]=m su* a miracle z br++ ! rema9s ( ! bodies toge!r1 to also =m aga9 ! a%es ( ! dead4'0 ,dur+ ano!r talk ) 8 m$ical advis] ! ex-emp]or said1 8t he _h ord]$ ! sla9 burnt aft] ! battle at ,wagram40 ,i clip ! foll[+ f ! ,m$ical ,h]ald1 & comm5d x to ! notice ( oppos]s ( cremation on ! gr\nd ( religion3-- 8,! mo/ prejudic$ religioni/ _c (f] "o valid objection1 = if ,god is to call up ! scatt]$ rema9s ( ! dead f bo? l& & sea on ! day ( f9al resurrection1 ! a%es %all be z easily resolv$ f ! urn z f ! dbris ( a build+ 9 :i* bodies may h be5 accid5tally consum$ by fire40 ,i %\ld l to see ! ,*ri/ian :o believes t ,god w n take unto himself ! s\l ( ! brave fireman1 :o ru%es c\rage\sly into a burn+ build+ to rescue 8 fell[-be+s1 & has ! mis=tune to fall & p]i% 9 ! flames1 :ile an indol5t cr[d is look+ on bel[4 ,nay1 nay6 ,i believe t he w be twice z welcome 9 ! k+dom ( heav54 ,at ! op5+ ( ! ,bolton cemet]y 9 #ahgd1 ,bi%op ,fras] combat$ ! anti-cremation movem5t1 bas$ ^u ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection1 ) ! sequ5t vigor\s language3-- 8,! anci5t ,romans believ$ 9 immortality1 & yet !y believ$ 9 burn+ ! bodies ( _! dead4 ,urn burial 0 c]ta9ly q z dec5t z ! practice ( int]m5t2 & urns conta9+ ! a%es ( ! dead 7 m picturesque ?an c(f9s4 ,c any "o suppose t x w\ld be m impossible = ,god to raise up a body at ! resurrection1 if ne$s be1 out ( elem5t>y p>ticles :i* _h be5 lib]at$ by ! burn+1 ?an x w\ld be to raise up a body f du/1 & f ! elem5ts ( bodies :i* _h pass$ into ! /ructure ( worms8 ,! omnipot5ce ( ,god is n limit$1 & he w\ld raise ! dead :e!r he _h to raise our bodies out ( *ur*y>ds or :e!r he _h to call our rema9s1 l ! rema9s ( "s anci5t ,romans1 out ( an urn 9 :i* !y 7 deposit$ #bjjj ye>s ago40 ,x is a cl]ical duty to dispel sup]/itions4 8,sup]/ition10 well says ,spr5gel1 8is ! grave ( sci5ce40 ,b x is n only ! grave ( sci5ce1 b ( all progress4 ,! cl]gy %\ld aid ! latt] & n place ob/acles 9 its way4 ,colonel ,olcott says3-- 8,i am too firm a believ] 9 ! immortality ( ! s\l1 to view ) pati5ce ! inconsi/5cy ( ^? :o behave ov] ! dead bodies ( _! fri5ds z if ! immortal "p 7 be+ laid away 9 ! gr\nd4 ,! m ,i might love my dead1 ! less will+ ,i %\ld be to leave ! fair =m t _h once held an immortal _s to turn into putrid c>rion "u gr\nd1 & bre$ a myriad ( loa?some creatures out ( its own rott5ness4 ,! attempt to sub/itute ! sci5tific1 poetical1 & rational sy/em ( cremation has my e>ne/ sympa?y4 ,i pray heav5 t x may be possible to commit my body or t ( any ( my belov$ to ! pure flame1 t 9 "o %ort h\r w purge !m ( dross z gold is ref9$ 9 ! furnace sev5 times heat$40 ,ev5 ! organ ( ! ,mormon hi]>*y1 ,! ,des]et ,news1 t believes 9 an absolutely lit]al int]pretation ( ! ,bible1 reasons ?us3-- 8,"s object to cremation on ! gr\nd ( its inconsi/5cy ) ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( ! resurrection4 ,we d n see any =ce 9 t4 ,no p>ticle ( matt] is de/roy$ by fire2 x is m]ely *ang$ 9 =m & r$uc$ to primitive elem5ts1 or 9 _! direction1 = x is n cle> t ! action ( fire ext5ds s f> z to resolve organiz$ matt] into its primal atoms4 ,! same p[] t c call =? f ! tomb a body t has decay$ & gone to du/ c quick5 ! dri$ a%es & draw f ! elem5ts ! gases t h be5 disp]s$ by ! flames ( ! crematory4 ,h[ mu* ( ! actual p>ticles t are se5 n[ by ! natural eye is necess>y to ! re=mation ( ! human frame into a spiritual body ) fle% & bones does n at pres5t appe>4 ,b ?is is c]ta93 ! p[] t c resurrect ! body f ! grave or f ! sea c br+ x =? f any place or condition 9 ! univ]se4 ,belief 9 ! resurrection implies belief 9 ,god1 & ) him all ?+s are possible40 ,kate ,field1 :o ( all ,am]icans probably is be/ acqua9t$ ) ,mormon life & doctr9es1 po9ts out t :5 ! lit]al ,mormon abjures lit]alness1 x is high "t = or?odox ,*ri/ians to ca/ away ! above-m5tion$ sacrilegi\s objection4 ,h[1 by ! way1 ab\t ^? :o fall ov]bo>d & are swall[$ by ! fi%es1 or ^? :o are bl[n up by an explosion8 ,are !y to be consign$ to et]nal damnation simply because !y happ5$ to meet ) an accid5t8 ,are !y n to be rais$ h]eaft]8 ,! absurdity & unreasonabl5ess ( ?is errone\s notion 0 t]sely & happily express$ by ! ,e>l ( ,%aftesbury dur+ a conv]sation ) an em95t 7,sir ,t4 ,sp5c] ,wells1 ,i believe7 promot] ( ! pres5t cremation movem5t4 ,he said3-- 8,:at w\ld 9 su* a case become ( ! bless$ m>tyrs80 ,_m ( !m h be5 r$uc$ to a%es1 & /ill ^! are held sacr$4 ,i w\ld advise ! p]son :o holds ! op9ion t ! resurrection _c take place aft] cremation to seek quickly ! ne>e/ physician :o makes a speciality ( insanity4 ,i wond] if su* p]sons are consci\s t !y commit a sacrilege 9 d\bt+ t ,god is omnipot5t4 ,f a purely ca?olic po9t ( view x is urg$ t inc9]ation w\ld de/roy ! relics ( individuals :o might aft]w>d be canoniz$4 ,?is is ! mo/ ridicul\s objection ( ! :ole lot6 ,are n ! a%es ( a sa9t z v5]able z 8 bones8 ,:5 su* a%es are kept 9 a seal$ urn1 we may be c]ta9 ( ! g5u95ess ( ! relics4 ,today1 !re is no gu>antee :atev] ( _! g5u95ess--_m cities claim+ to possess ! only real relics ( ?is or t sa9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,portl& ,,vase4 7,orig9ally a ,c9]>y ,urn47 ,!re is no relation betwe5 cremation & religion4 ,!y are indep5d5t ( ea* o!r4 ,no passage 9 ! ,holy ,bible prohibits inc9]ation4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion does n oppose x1 nor does ! ,jewi%1 z ,i le>nt f an article 9 ! ,jewi% ,*ronicle4 ,"s newspap]s seem to ?9k t cremation is contr>y to ! ,jewi% doctr9es4 ,our bre?r5 at ,gibralt> & 9 ! nor? ( ,africa bury _! dead 9 quicklime4 ,no "o c d5y ! or?odoxy ( ! ,jews on ! %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 yet m ?an once h "s ( _! numb] be5 dispos$ ( 9 ! mann] relat$ above2 ! me?od be+ c>ri$ out b lately at ,mile-end4 ,among ! ,jews at ,london1 in/ances ( cremation are n unkn[n4 ,a ,swiss cl]gyman1 ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,lange1 decl>es t our ,savi\r nev] spoke a s+le ^w 9 condemnation ( inc9]ation4 ,dr4 ,al!rr1 ,religi\s ,j\rnal = ! ,p 7,no4 #aa1 #ahgd71 also ent]ta9s ! same op9ion4 ,an ,engli% ,ca?olic po9t$ out t cremation w\ld once m enable u to bury our dead 9 ! *ur*es1 n only 9 ! crypts ( ! sacr$ edifices1 b also along ! sides ( ! body ( ! *ur*es4 ,rev4 ,h5ry ,w>d ,bee*] _h a ^w to say ab\t cremation 9 a rec5t s]mon ( 84 ,he ?\ght t ! univ]sal ,*ri/ian tea*+ ( ! resurrection ( ! body w\ld prev5t any g5]al acceptance ( x :ile t tea*+ prevails4 ,( c\rse1 a man ( a 8classical0 education _c reject inc9]ation altoge!r1 especially :5 he consid]s x f a hygi5ic po9t ( view4 ,i h always be5 ( ! op9ion t a great _m cl]gym5 fe> to /ate _! real views conc]n+ cremation1 le/ _! congregation might dis*>ge !m & engage ! s]vices ( "s o!r !ologian2 & ,i /ill h ! same impression4 ,! s-call$ religi\s objection to cremation is :olly uns\nd1 z ev5 a great _m anti-cremationi/s admit2 x is !re=e n surpris+ t 8religi\s0 opposition is fa/ weak5+ & wan+ :]ev] x has exi/$ at all4 ,a late writ] 9 ! ,*ur* ,review advises u to take c>e t inc9]ation does n fall into infidel h&s1 & s become at la/ a symbol ( irreligion4 ,! cemet]y is reg>d$1 9 g5]al1 z a p]man5t re/+-place ( ! dead1 :]e !y may sleep undi/urb$4 ,man ( ! pres5t "t puts 8 belov$ into ! dirty1 d>k gr\nd1 & h&s !m ov] to ! f\l putrefaction2 he places ^u _! graves l>ge1 heavy monum5ts1 z if to keep !m d[n & prev5t !m f f9d+ _! way back aga9 into ?is s9ful _w4 ,b he ?9ks n ( ! fe/]+ mass ( corruption hid away "u ! tomb/one2 to him ! dep>t$ is m l "o asleep1 l he or %e 0 :5 dea? claim$ ! mortal body4 ,he fondly imag9es t 8 de> ones %all rema9 !re =ev]1 t _! quiet re/ %all be unbrok54 ,f ye> to ye>1 h[ev]1 bodies are add$ to ^? already buri$1 ! disgu/+ /ate ( ov]cr[d+ :i* ,i describ$ m9utely1 ) all its evils1 %[s itself1 & !n "o ( two ?+s happ5s3 ei!r ! rema9s ( ^? buri$ be=e are ru?lessly dug up by ! sexton's spade & ?r[n into ! mud :5ev] a new grave is made1 or all ( ! bodies are exhum$ & tak5 away2 ! soil is p>cell$1 & ! new g5]ation takes possession ( ! 8city ( ! dead40 ,9 "s cemet]ies corpses are all[$ to rema9 9 a grave only a /ipulat$ "t2 9 ,engli% burial-gr\nds1 :]e a freehold "r is n secur$1 ! rema9s may re/ undi/urb$ b sev51 9 ,france five1 ye>s4 ,! s5tim5t ( ! public is express$ 9 ! sequ5t extract f a lecture by ! ,rev4 ,brooke ,lamb]t3-- 8,!re is no subject on :i* p feel m deeply ?an ! di/urbance ( ! rema9s ( _! ance/ors1 & ev5 ! displacem5t ( effete memorials ( !m4 ,i f9d t ! prevail+ feel+ is t ! dead ought nev] to be remov$1 nor ! position ( _! monum5ts *ang$ ev5 by a hair's bread?4 ,n[ :il/ our pres5t sy/em ( burial rema9s1 su* *anges 9 _! places ( int]m5t mu/ occur40 ,:5 ,mr4 ,walk]1 ! surgeon1 inspect$ ! ,portugal ,/reet ,cemet]y at ,london1 ,engl&1 on ,april #bg1 #ahci1 he discov]$ t two graves _h be5 op5$1 ! bones ( ! rema9s expos$ to view2 & a lot ( c(f9-wood1 "s q fre%1 int5d$ 7z he 0 in=m$7 = firewood4 ,a g5tleman :o visit$ ! same burial-gr\nd "s "t be=e 7vide ,times1 ,june #be1 #ahch7 wrote3 8,i 0 %ock$ to see two m5 employ$ 9 c>ry+ baskets ( human bones to ! back ( ! gr\nd ?r\gh a small gate4 ,i h #ab ( my ne>e/ & de>e/ relatives consign$ to ! grave 9 t gr\nd1 & ,i felt t ,i might p]haps at t mom5t be view+1 9 ! basket ( skulls :i* pass$ be=e me1 ^? ( my own family ?us brutally exhum$40 ,a correspond5t to ! ,weekly ,despat*1 ( ,septemb] #cj1 #ahch1 ?us describes ,/4 ,giles' ,*ur*y>d1 :]e he _h j be53-- 8,:at a horrid place6 ,x is full ( c(f9s up to ! surface4 ,c(f9s are brok5 up be=e !y are decay$2 & bodies remov$ to ! bone-h\se be=e !y are suffici5tly decay$ to make _! removal dec5t6444 ,! bone-h\se is a l>ge1 r\nd pit4 ,into ?is _h be5 %ot f a :eelb>r[ ! b p>tly decay$ inmates ( ! sma%$ c(f9s4 ,on ! nor? side 0 a man digg+ a grave4 ,he 0 q drunk4 ,s1 inde$1 7 all ! grave-digg]s we saw40 ,walk] saw ! t9 plates remov$ f ! c(f9s brok5 up1 & witness$ h[ _m wagon-loads ( bones 7 tak5 to ! *>nel-h\ses4 ,"l ,ronald ,g[] writes 9 ,vanity ,fair3-- 8,! o!r day ,i came across a some:at r>e little bro*ure1--an acc\nt ( ! violation ( ! royal sepul*res ( ,/4 ,d5is1 dur+ ! fir/ ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,! "w ( de/ruction & sacrilege comm5c$ e>ly 9 ,octob]1 #agic1 & la/$ all ! mon?4 ,! fir/ corpse f\nd 0 t ( ,h5ry ,,iv1 ! once belov$ ,h5ri de ,nav>re4 ,"s curiosity1 if n affection1 /ill seems to h l+]$ ev5 among ^? patriots :o h con/itut$ !mselves body-snat*]s1 & ! be>nais 0 propp$ up aga9/ ! *ur* wall 9 8 %r\d1 & became q an attraction = ! cr[d4 ,"o ( ! republican gu>ds ev5 condesc5d$ to cut (f ! k+'s gray1 upturn$ m\/a*e1 & place x on 8 lip2 ano!r remov$ ! be>d1 :i* he decl>$ he w\ld keep z a relic4 ,aft] ^! m>ks ( att5tion 7 exhau/$1 ! body 0 ?r[n into a huge pit fill$ ) quicklime1 into :i* successively foll[$ ^? ( its ance/ors & desc5dants4 8,on ! next day ! corpses ( ,h5ry ,,iv's wife1 ,m>ia de ,m$icis1 t ( 8 son1 ,l\is ,,xiii1 & t ( 8 gr&son1 ,l\is ,,xiv1 7 add$ to ?is4 ,! body ( ! sun-k+ 7z ,l\is ,,xiv's c\rti]s lov$ to call him7 0 z #8black z ink4' ,:at a contra/ to t maje/ic1 bewigg$ head1 z we see x on ! canvas ( ,le ,brun & ,rigault1 mu/ n t poor black5$ skull h be56 ,! body ( ! ,gr& ,mon>*'s wife & t ( 8 son1 ! ,dauph9 7fa!r ( ,l\is ,,xv7 foll[$2 all ^!1 & especially ! latt]1 7 9 a /ate ( %ock+ decay4 8,! foll[+ day poor h>mless ,m>ie ,lecz9ska's body 0 torn f its re/+-place1 z also 7 ^? ( ! #8,gr& ,dauph91' ! ,duke ( ,burgundy & 8 wife1 & sev]al o!r pr9ces & pr9cesses ( ! same race1 includ+ ?ree daught]s ( ,l\is ,,xv4 ,all ^! 7 9 a /ate ( t]rible decomposition1 & 9 spite ( ! use ( gunp[d] & v9eg>1 ! /5* 0 s great t _m ( ! workm5 7 seiz$ ) fev]1 & o!rs _h to cont9ue ! grewsome "w4 ,by a /range *ance1 on ! v morn+ t ,m>ie ,anto9ette's suff]+s came to an end on ! ,place de la ,revolution1 ! body ( ano!r un=tunate que5 saw ! light ( day1--x 0 on ! #af? ( ,octob] t ! body ( our ,que5 ,h5rietta ,m>ia1 :o _h di$ 9 #affi1 0 tak5 f its c(f9 & add$ to ! gha/ly heap 9 ! #8,dit* ( ! ,valois1' z ! pit into :i* ^! royal rema9s 7 hurl$ 0 call$2 t ( h] daught] ! once #8,belle ,h5riette' came next1 & !n 9 quick succession ! bodies ( ,philippe ,d',orleans2 t ( 8 son1 ! notori\s reg5t2 ( 8 daught]1 ! no less notori\s ,du*esse de ,b]ri2 ( h] husb&2 & half a doz5 infants ( ! same family4 ,on ! same day a c(f9 0 cauti\sly op5$4 ,?is 0 f\nd at ! entrance ( ! royal vault 7! cu/om>y position = t conta9+ ! late/ deceas$ k+71 & conta9$ ! rema9s ( ,l\is #8le bi5 aim4' ,no wond] t ! body-snat*]s hesitat$ be=e )draw+ ! corpse f its enclosure1 = x 0 rememb]$ t ,l\is _h p]i%$ ( a mo/ t]rible illness1 & t an und]tak] _h di$ 9 consequ5ce ( plac+ ! already pe/il5t corpse 9 its c(f94 ,consequ5tly x 0 only on ! br9k ( ! dit* t ! body 0 remov$ & ha/ily roll$ ov] ! edge1 b n )\t ! precaution ( dis*>g+ guns & burn+ mu* p[d]1 & ev5 !n ! air 0 t]ribly ta9t$ f> & ne>4 8,i turn ! page & f9d t we are only 9 ! ?ick ( all ^! dead m5's bones & uncleanness1 = ! republican resurrectioni/s began by ! ,b\rbons & _h /ill to dis5tomb all ! ,valois1 & fur!r back1 up to ! ,capetian l9e1 & are n cont5t until ! almo/ leg5d>y rema9s ( ,dagob]t & ,madame ,dagob]t reappe>4 ,suffice x to add1 t aft] ,l\is ! ,well-belov$ _h be5 dispos$ (1 came 9 succession1 l ! l9e ( royal gho/s se5 by ,macbe?1 ,*>les ,v1 :o di$ 9 #achj1 ^: body 0 "o ( ! few well-pres]v$1 & 0 array$ 9 royal robes1 ) a gilt cr[n & sceptre1 /ill bright2 t ( 8 wife1 ,jeanne de ,b\rbon1 :o /ill held 9 h] bony h& a decay$ di/aff ( wood2 ,*>les ,,vi ) 8 que51 ,isabeau de ,bavire2 ,*>les ,,vii & 8 wife1 ,m>ie ,d',anj\2 & !n ,blan*e de ,nav>re1 :o di$ 9 #acia4 ,*>les ,,viii1 ( :om no?+ b du/ rema9$1 ,h5ry ,,ii1 ,ca!r9e de ,m$icis1 ,*>les ,,ix1 & ,h5ry ,,iii1 7 dis9t]r$ on ! morn+ ( ! #ah?2 #8aft] ! workm5's d9n]1' ,l\is ,,xii & 8 que51 & among o!r less int]e/+ royal rema9s1 ! bones ( ,hugh1 ,comte de ,p>is1 fa!r ( ,hugh ,capet2 & s on ! "w w5t1 till "o tires ev5 ( ! details ( ! pres]vation ( ?is or t k+ or que54 ,c any?+ be m %ock+ ?an to "k t all ! horrors ( decay & decomposition w rema9 ev5 aft] two or ?ree c5turies h pass$ ov] ! lifeless =m1 & t1 suppos+ "o has ! ill luck to be ?us c(f9$ & "o's body remov$1 #8a black fluid1 emitt+ a noxi\s smell1' w run f out our la/ home1 z 0 ! case ) ^? royal rema9s dur+ t hot summ] mon? at ,/4 ,d5is 9 #agic80 ,! ,rev4 ,h4 ,r4 ,haweis says3-- 8,y _c pres]ve ! buri$ dead securely f ! outrages ( ! liv+4 ,! p :o dig graves1 or are employ$ to remove bones1 are n z a rule scrupul\s1 b !y are v (t5 drunk4 ,! o!r day only a numb] ( wild ,iri% 7 s employ$ at ,new ,york2 ! bodies 7 (f]$ = sale on ! gr\nd to a p>ty ( m$ical /ud5ts4 ,^! "y fell[s _h ! grace to %r9k f ! horrors !y !n witness$4 ,"o c(f9 0 f\nd full ( a heavy decompos$ mass1 l sp]maceti2 x 0 us$ to grease ! axle-tree ( ! c>t4 ,ano!r c(f9 conta9$ ! body ( a woman1 ag$ #bj1 z ! inscription ann\nc$4 ,%e _h re/$ = #ajg ye>s--laid !re ) :at te>s1 :at t5d] regrets ( husb&1 or lov]1 or "m6 ,b n[ h] head 0 rudely seiz$ & kick$ l a football f "o ruffian to ! o!r40 ,b ! 8sweet sleep & calm re/0 ( ! dead 0 n only brok5 by ! ru?less h& ( man1 b 0 ev5 di/urb$ by ! elem5ts4 ,on ! #bf? ( ,augu/1 #ahed1 at ,h]rnlau]sitz 7,guhrau] ,kreis7 m ?an #ajj corpses 7 wa%$ out ( _! graves by an inundation4 ,_m ( !m rema9$ 9 _! c(f9s4 ,!y 7 f\nd aft]w>d 9 g>d5s1 y>ds1 fields1 9 ! woods1 & ev5 9 h\ses1 :i!r !y _h float$4 ,sixte5 days pass$ be=e ! bodies 7 all collect$2 "s 7 recov]$ :ole1 o!rs 9 p>ts2 !n !y 7 buri$ 9 "o l>ge pit =ev] 7871 z ! (ficiat+ cl]gyman ann\nc$4 8,i 0 long s9ce cur$ ( a belief 9 e>? burial10 says a v intellig5t army (fic]1 8by an appall+ sight ,i witness$ :5 go+ d[n ! ,mississippi4 ,!re _h be5 a great fre%et1 dur+ :i* ! riv] _h s *ang$ its c\rse z to invade a cemet]y & dislodge its occupants1 :o1 9 v>i\s /ages ( decomposition--! c(f9s hav+ rott$ or be5 torn asund] by ! torr5t--7 float+ d[n ! /ream4 ,x 0 a gha/ly spectacle40 ,i don't ?9k t ! p along ! banks ( ! mighty riv] 7 p>ticul>ly edifi$ ) ! sight4 ,& if1 at ! "t1 !y w\ld h kn[n ( "s o!r mode ( dispos+ ( ! dead1 ,i am sure !y w\ld h adopt$ x )\t hesitation4 ,a simil> occurr5ce happ5$ at ,kansas ,city1 ,mo41 9 ,febru>y1 #ahhf4 ,! ,miss\ri ,riv] be+ block$ by ice1 caus$ ! *annel to rise & sweep ! l[] "p ( an isl& away t lies opposite ! city1 & ^u :i* is ! small-pox hospital4 ,ab\t #bj graves 7 9 ?is "p ( ! isl&2 !y 7 op5$ by ! flood & ! corpses t _h be5 int]r$ 9 !m swam d[n ! riv] 9 _! c(f9s4 ,^! bodies _h be5 buri$ only s9ce "o ye>4 ,! p on bo? sides ( ! ,miss\ri1 f :i* ! city d]ives its wat]-supply1 7 q agitat$ ov] ?is affair4 ,at ! same "t ! cemet]y at ,copiano1 ,*ili1 0 inundat$2 _m ( ! vaults 7 full ( wat] & ! c(f9s 7 float+ ar\nd1 :ile _m ( ! common graves _h be5 completely cle>$ ( _! cont5ts4 ,! mo/ horrible feature ( ! situation 0 t ! wat] :i* fl[s f ! cemet]y goes into ! riv] :i* supplies ! inhabitants ) wat] = dome/ic purposes4 ,! ,qu>t]ly ,review 7,no4 ,,xlii1 p4 #chj7 /ates3-- 8,_m tons ( human bones e ye> are s5t f ,london to ! ,nor?1 :]e !y are cru%$ 9 mills con/ruct$ = ! purpose1 & us$ z manure60 ,& a correspond5t ( ! ,times writes to 8 j\rnal f ,alex&ria3-- 8,! o!r day at ,sakh>a1 ,i saw n9e camels pac+ d[n f ! mummy pits to ! bank ( ! riv]1 lad5 ) nets 9 :i* 7 femora1 tibia1 & o!r bony bits ( ! human =m1 "s two hundr$-weight 9 ea* net1 on ea* side ( ! camel4 ,among ! pits !re 7 p busily engag$ 9 se>*+ out1 sift+1 & sort+ ! bones :i* almo/ cru/ ! gr\nd4 ,on inquiry1 ,i le>n$ t ! c>goes ) :i* ! camels 7 lad5 w\ld be s5t d[n to ,alex&ria1 & !nce be %ipp$ to ,engli% manufactur]s4 ,!y make excell5t manure1 ,i am told1 p>ticul>ly = ,sw$es & o!r turnips4 ,! trade is brisk & has be5 = ye>s1 & may g on = _m m4 ,x is a /range fate to pres]ve "o's skeleton = ?\s&s ( ye>s1 9 ord] t !re may be f9e s\?d[ns & *eviots 9 a di/ant l&60 ,g54 ,w4 ,t4 ,%]man once visit$ ! catacombs "u anci5t ,syracuse4 ,8 guide in=m$ him t !re 7 a million int]m5ts1 b t ! cont5ts ( e *amb] _h be5 sold = manure4 ,! g5]al ask$ him if a s+le grave _h be5 sp>$2 n "o4 ,only a %ort "t ago a ,london flori/ b\ght two c>t-loads ( m\ld1 & f\nd x full ( legs1 arms1 skulls1 & o!r human bones4 ,he br\ght an action aga9/ ! p]son f :om he pur*as$ ! soil = misrepres5t+ 8 8goods40 ,on ,feb4 #i1 #ahgd1 ! railroad tunnel "u ! cemet]y ( ,pre la ,*aise at ,p>is1 ,france1 cav$ 9 ) a ?und]+ cra%1 =m+ a pell-mell mass ( c(f9s & bodies1 e>? & dbris4 ,9 our own c\ntry ! re/ ( ! dead is fa/ becom+ f ye> to ye> m insecure4 ,! ,m$ical ,h]ald affirms3 8,z ! increas+ necessities ( man create new dem&s = space1 gravey>ds are demoli%$ & conv]t$ to o!r uses4 ,9 ,l\isville1 ,ky41 )9 ! pa/ fifte5 ye>s1 two ext5sive cemet]ies h ?us be5 trans=m$1--"o on ,portl& ,av5ue into a common1 & "o 9 ,jeff]son ,/reet into a p>k1 call$ ,baxt] ,squ>e4 8,n[ ! y\? /roll along ! grad$ walks & sit 9 ! %ad$ nooks1 ^u ! v gr\nd 9 :i* ! bodies ( _! ance/ry h decay$4 ,! sacr$ spot ( la/ repose ( gr&p>5ts is n[ ! mir?ful sc5e ( ! nocturnal orgies ( irrev]5t gr&*ildr54 ,cremation w\ld r5d] ?is impossible1 & place any pr(anation ( ! sacr$ memorials ( ! dead beyond ! public eye40 ,rec5tly two burial-gr\nds1--"o 9 ,new ,engl&1 ! o!r 9 ,p5nsylvania1--cav$ 91 & ! ?ickly cr[d$ bones ( _m g5]ations 7 expos$ to view4 ,9 my native city1 ,detroit1 f\r cemet]ies1 to my k1 7 clos$ & giv5 up to ! liv+4 ,9 e case save "o ^! burial-gr\nds 7 excavat$1 ! c(f9s1 bones1 semi-decompos$ bodies1 etc41 c>t$ away1 & bus9ess blocks erect$ 9 _! /ead4 ,9 "o ( ^! cemet]ies a bro!r ( m9e 0 buri$2 :at became ( 8 la/ rema9s ,i "k n4 ,possibly !y 7 us$ to f]tilize a field2 or p]haps cupidity tempt$ m5 to /eal 8 body = ! purpose ( dissection2 or an unscrupul\s grave-digg] may h s5t 8 bones to a bone-mill1 v5d$ 8 c(f9-plate1 & us$ 8 c(f9 = firewood4 ,:o kn[s8 ,i w\ld give a great deal if ! relics ( my bro!r1 dec5tly inurn$1 c\ld be ) me2 b alas6 ,i mu/ give up expectations ( ev] f9d+ any trace ( him aga94 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,propos$ ,,detroit ,,crematorium4 ,)9 a q rec5t p]iod at lea/ two gravey>ds 9 ,montreal h be5 torn up to make public squ>es2 & x is n likely t any m respect w be %[n to cemet]ies 9 ! future ?an !re has be5 9 ! pa/4 ,dr4 ,wm4 ,port] says3 8,i well rememb]1 :5 a boy1 see+ our old sexton exhume a body buri$ = sev]al ye>s1--t ( a /rong man call$ away 9 ! prime ( life4 ,! rott+ c(f9 0 sl[ly lift$ f its damp b$1 & ! lid be+ brok51 we saw )9 a horrible mass ( putrefaction4 ,matt$ hair & decompos+ grave-clo!s b poorly cov]$ ! black5$ skeleton z x lay 9 ! once h&some casket1 n[ reek+ ) ! emanation ( its loa?some cont5ts4 ,yet ?is _h be5 a beautiful grave2 roses _h blossom$ ^u x1 & ! arbor vit _h :isp]$ to x4 ,!re w\ld be b little plea = ! grave on ! gr\nd ( s5tim5t c\ld we see ! *anges !re tak+ place2 !re w\ld be few1 if any1 :o w\ld n *oose t ! body1 aft] fai?ful s]vice1 %\ld be purifi$ by fire1 r ?an rot 9 su* a grave40 ,we are accu/om$ to consid] sacr$ ! v5]able rema9s ( our dead1 & ! simple/ memorial ( a dep>t$ fri5d makes u1 if b = mom5ts1 sad4 ,!re=e1 all :o lay any claim to civilization or humanity mu/ be vehem5tly oppos$ to ! pr(ane exhibition ( ! bones ( ! deceas$ 9 bone-h\ses1 :]e !y lie pell-mell 9 a heap1 or catacombs1 :]e !y /& brac$ aga9/ ! wall1 lie 9 _! c(f9s1 or are put away 9 ni*es1 i4e41 on ! %elf1 & :]e any dawdl+ fool may inspect !m = a small sum ( money4 ,! ,rev4 ,h4 ,r4 ,haweis /ates3 8,:]e are ! ?\s&s :o 7 laid 9 ! he>t ( ,p>is1 & :o slept = c5turies 9 ! gravey>ds ( ! ,innoc5ts1 ,/4 ,eu/a*e1 ,/4 ,eti5ne de ,prs8 ,e t\ri/ :o takes a return ticket to ,p>is may gaze ^u _! bones1 speculate ^u _! skulls1 & f+] _! du/4 ,by ord] ( ! m9i/] ( police !y 7 all dug up 9 #aghg & c>t$ (f to ! catacombs4 ,! bones 7 clean$ & arrang$ 9 grim & picturesque symmetry4 ,9 "o gall]y are ! arms1 legs1 & ?ighs int]sect$ by r[s ( skulls2 ! small bones are ?r[n 9 heaps beh9d !m4 ,^: du/ is sep>ate !re8 ^: a%es are sacr$8 ,& yet !y 7 borne to ?is grotesque sepul*re ) prie/s & tap]s40 ,z reg>ds disrespect & insult to ! dead1 a correspond5t ( ! ,m$ical ,times & ,gazette1 writ+ f ,bordeaux1 says3-- 8,! e>? ar\nd "o ( ! olde/ *ur*es 9 ,bordeaux seems to h some?+ peculi>ly antiseptic 9 its nature1 s t ! bodies buri$ dur+ ages 7 conv]t$ into mummies4 ,dur+ "s alt]ations at ! beg9n+ ( ?is c5tury ^! bodies 7 laid b>e1 & in/ead ( be+ dec5tly buri$ aga91 !y 7 tak5 out ( _! re/+-place & rang$ upright 9 a r[ ar\nd a crypt "u ! bell-t[] ( ,/4 ,mi*ael4 ,"h !y con/itute a disgu/+ & demoraliz+ %[1 :i* is visit$ by cr[ds ( p1 & ,i am afraid t ! cl]gy ( ! *ur* are n a%am$ to pocket ! pr(its4 ,a r\gh fell[1 a c&le on ! end ( a /ick1 su* z !y h 9 w9e-cell>s1 goes r\nd z %[man4 ,he taps & ?umps ! bodies to %[ t !y are p]fectly s\nd1 t\gh l lea!r trunks1 & n ! lea/ brittle4 #8,see "h1 g5tlem51 is a v tall man2 see h[ p[]ful 8 muscles mu/ h be51 & :at excell5t calves he has n[6 ,! next is ! body ( a "y woman4 ,rem>k ! excell5t pres]vation ( h] *emise1 ?\gh x 0 buri$ #djj ye>s ago2 & see1 x is trimm$ ) lace4 ,! next1 g5tlem51 is a prie/2 y c see 8 s\tane ) ! buttons on x4 ,!re is a woman ) a dreadful *asm 9 h] brea/2 %e _h a canc]4 ,! next f\r are a family poison$ ) mu%rooms2 obs]ve ! contortions ( _! faces f ! coliques !y suff]$4 ,see1 next1 a v old man ) 8 wig /ill awry ^u 8 pate4 ,! next is a poor misrable t 0 buri$ alive4 ,see h[ 8 head is turn$ to "o side & ! body half turn$ r\nd1 9 ! frantic ef=t to get out ( ! c(f91 ) 8 m\? op5 & gasp+4' 7,x is q true t ! attitude is s+ul>1 b x does n w>rant ! inf]5ce :i* ! %[man draws47 ,b en\gh ( ?is disgu/+ m]c5>y exhibition ( ! human body 9 its l[e/ /ate ( humiliation4 ,if ! gu>dians ( consecrat$ sepul*res1 9 :i* p h paid an hone/ fee to be buri$1 are to dig !m up & c>t !m (f z 9 ,engl&1 or make a %[ ( !m z "h1 :y1 ,i c only say t cremation w ga9 a good _m conv]ts4 ,any "o w\ld pref] urn burial to ! *ance ( be+ ?us made a spectacle4 ,s good1 too1 x mu/ be = ! ris+ population to take (f ! edge ( any salut>y horror !y may feel at dea? & decay1 or ( rev]5ce = ! dead40 ,!re are _m su* %[s :]e ! human corpse is us$ = ! purpose ( elicit+ money f a public lov+ horrible & s5sational sights4 ,i ne$ b m5tion ! catacombs ( ,rome1 or ! ,bleikell] ( ,brem51 to conjure up be=e y\r m9d all ! t]rible sc5es :i* ! cl]ical & m$ical g5tlem5 :om ,i h j cit$ h pictur$4 ,!re is ano!r way 9 :i* ! dead are insult$1 ano!r mode by :i* _! graves are desecrat$4 ,! monum5ts :i* are erect$ ^u ! la/ re/+-place ( ! deceas$ to p]petuate _! memory are sometimes mov$ ab\t till !y no long] m>k ! spot :]e ! p]son ^: "n !y be> 0 int]r$4 ,"h1 !n1 all ! good int5tions ( fri5ds are set at naught2 _! exp5se1 _! att5tion1 is all 9 va94 ,! tomb/ones are mov$1 & :5 !y become yell[ ) age !y are brok5 up to act z head/ones = "s public highway4 ,t ?is does n hold good ( ,european c\ntries only1 b also ( ,am]ican ones1 is prov5 by our honor$ & belov$ 8autocrat ( ! breakfa/ table10 ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes1 :o decl>es3 8,! mo/ accurs$ act ( v&alism ev] committ$ )9 my k 0 ! uproot+ ( ! anci5t grave/ones 9 ?ree at lea/ ( our city burial-gr\nds1 & "o at lea/ j outside ! city1 & plant+ !m 9 r[s to suit ! ta/e = symmetry ( ! p]petrators4 ,! /ones h be5 %uffl$ ab\t l *essm51 & no?+ %ort ( ! ,day ( ,judgm5t w tell ^: du/ lies b5ea? any ( ^? records meant by affection to m>k "o small spot z sacr$ to "s *]i%$ memory4 ,%ame6 %ame6 %ame6 ,t is all ,i c say4 ,x 0 on public ?or\ghf>es1 "u ! eye ( au?ority1 t ?is infamy 0 enact$4 ,i %\ld l to see ! grave/ones :i* h be5 di/urb$ or remov$ & ! gr\nd levell$1 leav+ ! flat tomb/ones4 ,epitaphs 7 nev] fam\s = tru?1 b ! old reproa* ( #8,"h lies' nev] _h su* a :olesale illu/ration z 9 ^! outrag$ burial-places1 :]e ! /one does lie above1 & ! bones d n lie b5ea?40 ,n[ be c&id6 ,d y n ?9k t facts l ^! g a good way to endorse cremation8 ,!re w\ld be no ne$ ( di/urb+ ! dead1 !re w\ld be no vulg> exhibition ( ! deceas$1 aft] inc9]ation w\ld h be5 introduc$4 ,!re w\ld1 9 fact1 be no?+ to d viol5ce to t mo/ sacr$ & deep-root$ feel+ ( humanity1--respect = ! dead4 ,among all ! outrages on ! dead1 t committ$ by ! h& ( gh\li% desecration is1 by f>1 ! wor/4 ,body-snat*+1 = provid+ anatomical in/itutions ) mat]ial1 has become a bus9ess 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 love ( ga9 be+1 z usual1 ! cause4 ,& n only are bodies abduct$ to supply m$ical colleges1 b p]sons are liable to be murd]$ = ! same reason4 ,9 ,febru>y ( #ahhd two negroes 7 arre/$ at ,c9c9nati1 :o1 aft] a sev]e exam9ation1 confess$ to hav+ kill$ an old man1 8 wife1 & 8 adopt$ daught]2 aft] :i* !y sold ! corpses to ! ,ohio ,m$ical ,college1 receiv+ #ae = ea*4 ,b "s grave-robb]ies are p]petrat$ simply = rev5ge1 or else = pure deviltry4 ,a special despat* to ! ,detroit ,free ,press1 f ,po9t ,pleasant1 ,w4 ,va41 relates an in/ance ( ?is k9d z foll[s3-- 8,salt ,creek1 a small /ream1 empties into ! ,ohio ,riv] ?ree miles s\? ( ?is4 ,two miles f ! m\? is a *ur* call$ ,pisgah1 atta*$ to :i* is a bury+-gr\nd4 ,?is morn+ :5 ! sexton w5t to dig a grave1 he 0 horrifi$ to f9d half a doz5 graves op5 & ! bodies tak5 f _! c(f9s & /ret*$ on ! gr\nd4 ,9 "o or two in/ances ! limbs 7 sev]$ f ! bodies4 ,! graves _h be5 op5$ )\t reg>d to family4 ,! bodies lay 9 "o place arrang$ 9 ! %ape ( a ,greek cross4 ,!re is no clue to ! p]petrators ( ! sacrilegi\s (f5se1 & no reason c be imag9$4 ,! bodies evid5tly _h be5 expos$ = a day or two40 ,! fun]al c> ( ! late ,a4 ,t4 ,/ew>t 0 foll[$ by six c>riages lad5 ) gorge\s floral (f]+s2 yet 9 spite ( ! m ?an regal magnific5ce ( 8 fun]al1 & ( 8 great weal?1 only a few days lat] 8 body 0 /ol5 by sacrilegi\s robb]s1 & has nev] be5 recov]$4 ,ne$ ,i rem9d y ( ! mortification our nation felt on he>+ t gu>ds _h to be set to wat* ov] ! graves ( our lam5t$ presid5ts1 ,l9coln & ,g>field4 ,n only 9 our c\ntry is body-snat*+ a frequ5t (f5se1 b also 9 ,engl&1 z w be se5 by ! sequ5t quotation f ,mr4 ,walk] 7p4 #bjb73-- 8,an und]tak] :o _h *>ge ( a fun]al w5t ) a fri5d into ! vault ( a *apel4 ,a c(f9 rec5tly deposit$ 0 tak5 "u 8 arm ) ! greate/ ease4 ,8 fri5d1 d\bt+1 pois$ ! c(f91 & 0 affect$ to te>s f ! conviction t ! body _h be5 remov$4 ,sev]al o!r c(f9s 7 9 ! same condition40 ,! corpse ( ! late ,e>l ( ,craw=d 0 /ol5 f ! ,dun ,e*t mortu>y *apel 9 ,ab]de54 ,!re is "o case ( outrage on ! dead on record t1 = hide\sness & devili%ness1 surpasses all o!rs4 ,i ref] to t grave-digg] ( ,ko5igsb]g1 ,prussia1 :o f$ 8 sw9e ) human bodies4 ,"o ( ! mo/ abom9able modes ( outrage on ! dead is t :]e m5 7bea/s is ! prop] designation = !m7 h gratifi$ _! animal passions by outrag+ ! fre% corpses ( "y & pretty wom54 ,x seems incr$ible1 b ?is violation 0 kn[n 9 ! mo/ anci5t times1 & is n yet ext9ct 9 ! pres5t age4 ,h]odotus already reports 9 ! #hi? *apt] ( 8 second book1 t ! ,egyptians ( old did n deliv] up ! bodies ( ladies ( quality or ! rema9s ( "y & beautiful wom5 to ! embalm]s until decomposition _h set 91 s t ^! m5 c\ld n h coition ) !m4 ,= x 0 said t an embalm] _h once surpris$ a colleague 9 ! act ( outrag+ ! corpse ( a y\?ful woman1 & _h report$ ! case to ! au?orities1 :o puni%$ ! inhuman (f5d] promptly4 ,! ev5+ edition ( ! ,national ,zeitung 7publi%$ at ,b]l97 ( ,nov4 #ba1 #ahgd 7,no4 #edd71 relates t 9 ,li*t5b]g1 :i* is situat$ ne> ! capital ( ! ,g]man ,empire1 9 ! night f ! #d? to #e? ( ,novemb]1 two *ildr51 rec5tly buri$1 7 dis9t]r$ & remov$ f _! c(f9s4 ,on ! morn+ ( ,novemb] ! #e? ! corpses 7 f\nd on ! gr\nd ne> ! graves1--! %r\ds 7 torn1--& "o body1 t ( a little two-ye>-old girl1 bore all ! signs ( a rec5t outrage4 ,all ^! sacrilegi\s outrages on ! dead c\ld be obviat$ by inc9]ation4 ,! av>ici\s w\ld n be tempt$ by a small quantity ( a%es 9 a pla9 urn4 ,!re w\ld be no valuable clo?+ & no co/ly jewelry1 ord9>ily inhum$ ) "s bodies1 to excite rapacity4 ,fur!rmore1 cremation promises ! greate/ possible security f v&alism4 ,:5 ! urn conta9+ ! rema9s1 i4e41 a%es1 ( our fri5ds or relatives is plac$ 9 a ni*e 9 ! columb>ium1 x c be easily gu>d$4 ,"o wat*man1 9 communication 7by electrical al>m7 ) ! police dep>tm5t ( ! city1 w suffice to protect ! urn-hall ( a columb>ium4 ,! same _c be said ( a cemet]y2 x w\ld take at lea/ a company ( wat*m5 to prop]ly gu>d ! gr\nds ( a m$ium-siz$ gravey>d4 ,"s day we w h ,we/m9/] ,abbeys on a small scale1 :]e1 amid gr& monum5ts & co/ly urns1 ! simple tablet ( wood %all h its place1 its inscription rema9+ legible1 n be+ blott$ out by ! elem5ts1 z x is to-day4 ,ea* *ur* c\ld h its own urn-hall1 & ! burial c]emonies c\ld be conduct$ accord+ to ! belief ( ! deceas$4 ,! greate/ foe inc9]ation has to cont5d ) is ! widespread antipa?y aga9/ x1 ent]ta9$ & nurs$ by p :o are gov]n$ m by s5tim5t ?an by reason4 ,:i* is ! mo/ poetical mode ( disposal ( ! dead1 cremation or burial8 ,?9k6 ?9k66 ?9k666 & y _c fail to f9d out4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,rob9son1 ,f4,l4,s41 says3-- 8,! simple/ urn ev] made = ! a%es ( a ,roman soldi] is f> m beautiful ?an ! co/ly fun]al trapp+s us$ 9 ! mo/ impos+ burial pageant ( mod]n times4 ,( urns ( a m ambiti\s k9d1 ! v>iety & beauty are (t5 rem>kable1 z may be se5 9 our national & v>i\s private collections4 ,x w\ld be a ga9 to art if "s ( ! money sp5t on c(f9s1 :i* rot unse5 9 ! e>?1 7 devot$ to su* urns1 :i* d n decay1 & :i* might be plac$ 9 ! light ( day1 & p]haps tea* a lesson 9 art z well z be> a record40 ,& ! ,m$ical ,h]ald decl>es3-- 8,an urn ( granite1 alaba/]1 mala*ite1 or "o ( ! preci\s metals1 ) ! life-siz$ /atue ( great m5 plac$ 9 ! halls ( /ate1 w\ld mu* m befitt+ly express ! /ate's reg>d1 & pres]ve & p]petuate ! grateful tribute a ,*ri/ian p w\ld pay _! memories1 ?an any numb] ( columns & %afts re>$ 9 cemet]ies1 :i* mu/ 9 "t be demoli%$40 ,:i* is ! m /hetic1 a small heap ( pure1 pe>l-:ite a%es1 or a grim skeleton8 ,c]ta9ly ^? :o h se5 a decompos+ body1 or human rema9s 9 ! /ate ( adipoc]e1 w\ld n call !m /hetic4 ,contra/ ) ! gha/ly skeleton1 n[ commonly employ$ z an illu/ration ( dea?1 ! repres5tation ( dea? by ! anci5ts1--! boy ) ! inv]t$ tor*4 ,:i* is ! m ref9$8 ,! /rong tombs1 ( su* a gr&eur & beauty--pro( aga9/ ! gnaw+ tee? ( "t--mortu>y monum5ts1--z we %all n be able to leave to our (fspr+1 te/ify to ! pi\s v5]ation = ! dead ( ! anci5ts4 ,i ne$ b rem9d y ( ! gr& pyramids1 ! ext5sive necropolis at ,!bes1 ! mausoleums & columb>ia ( ! ,via ,appia 9 ,rome1 to cause y to p]ceive ! tru? ( my /atem5t4 ,! anci5ts ?\ght ( ! dead z be+ turn$ into %ades2 :5 we ?9k ( !m we imag9e rattl+ skeletons4 ,! /upid & disgu/+ glorification ( ! skeleton did n orig9ate ) ,*ri/2 x is a product ( ! ,middle ,ages1 z are ! _m tales ( wit*es & gho/s t are relat$1 especially 9 connection ) *ur*y>ds1 & /ill cl+ to !m to-day4 ,! cremationi/s ( to-day1 :o propose to sub/itute a dec5t /hetic & sanit>y mode ( disposal ( ! dead = ! pres5t h>mful & loa?some cu/om ( inhumation1 are repuls$1 met by s5tim5tal objections1 are ev5 call$ mon/]s )\t religion1 )\t rev]5ce = ! dead4 ,b ! apo/les ( inc9]ation are z f> remov$ f /riv+ to suppress & murd] su* sacr$ feel+s z is ,dan f ,be]%eba4 ,on ! contr>y1 !y believe t cremation is f> m conducive to a pi\s v5]ation = ! dead ?an int]m5t4 ,:at w\ld y r look ^u1 t horrible remnant ( mortality1 = :i*1 z ,bossuet says1 8!re has be5 f\nd no "n 9 any human language10 or ! innocu\s1 pe>ly a% 9 ! memorial urn ( m>ble1 alaba/]1 or "o ( ! preci\s metals8 ,cremation is humane1 heal?ful1 &1 mo/ ( all me?ods1 consonant to ! natural impulse ( ,*ri/ianiz$ v5]ation = ! dead2 s]v+ & honor+ t impulse by prev5t+ ! exposure ( ! dead to ^? visible elem5tal & *emical conditions & op]ations :i* bre$ a revolt ( ! feel+s1 & t5d to surr\nd ! subject ) an atmosph]e ( abhorr5ce4 ,und\bt$ly1 "o result ( adopt+ g5]ally ! 9-c9]ative burial1 w be a disassociation 9 our ideas f t exi/+ & %ock+ conception ( horrible bodily decay1 9 :i* almo/ e ?\ght be/[$ ^u ! dead is necess>ily envelop$1 & we w le>n to contemplate ! body ) ! *e]ful philosophy ( ! ,p]sian poet1 ,om> ,khayyam3-- 8#8,tis b a t5t :]e takes 8 "o day's re/ ,a ,sultan to ! realms ( dea? addre/2 ,! ,sultan rises1 & ! d>k ,f]ra% ,/rikes & prep>es x = ano!r gue/40 ,at a burial !re is b d>kness1 at a cremation rosy light unaccompani$ by fu/9ess2 ! dead is really r$uc$ to a%es1 & ) him ! "t-honor$ say+1 8,peace to 8 a%es10 is n a holl[ phrase1 z x is ) ^? :o are int]r$4 ,^? :o d n wi% to miss religi\s & o!r c]emonies at inc9]ations may use any =m ( burial s]vice !y l1 & ^? :o desire to disp5se ) !m may d s4 ,& ^? :o already h belov$ dead 9 ! cemet]ies may re/ by _! side :5 ! end is come1 = ! a%es c be int]r$ z well z ! body4 ,a ,sicilian poet sugge/$ t along ) ! a%es ?us buri$ might be deposit$ ! se$s ( "s fl[]1--su* z he>t's-ease1 violets1 or =get-me-nots1--s t :5 x sprung up1 ! fri5ds & relatives might ga!r ! blossoms f ye> to ye> z a de> memorial ( ! life t la/s beyond ! tomb2 & ,t5nyson's 78,9 ,memoriam07 poetic v]ses w\ld be realiz$3-- 8,& f 8 a%es may be made ,! violet ( 8 native l&40 ,only :5 cremation is practic$1 c a family obta9 ! rema9s 7a%es1 ( c\rse7 ( its fri5ds & relatives :o h di$ 9 a =eign l&2 only !n x is possible to deposit su* rema9s ) ^? ( ! ance/ors4 ,) ! ,*9ese x is cu/om>y to always int] ! dead 9 _! native l&2 :5 !y are f> away f home !y inhume _! deceas$ tempor>ily1 b at ! e>lie/ opportunity remove !m to ,*9a1--a usage t des]ves to be imitat$4 ,! small urn conta9+ ! p>5tal a%es may be tak5 by migratory man into ! new _w or ! old1 always pres]v$ z ! mo/ sacr$ relic ( ! family4 ,h[ mu* m beautiful & bett] w\ld x n be to h ! rema9s ( our k9 ne> at h&1 9 ! h\se4 ,only !n we w\ld be rem9d$ ( !m e day4 ,e build+ c\ld be made to conta9 a mortu>y *amb]4 ,!n we w\ld "k our dead %ield$ f ! elem5ts4 ,n[1 :5 ! /orm rages & ! ra9 p\rs d[n 9 torr5ts1 we imag9e t he or %e :om we h rec5tly buri$ is yet subject to ! inclem5cy ( ! wea!r4 ,maxime du ,camp relates a t\*+ example ( ! p[] ( illusion4 ,on "o ( 8 walks 9 ! ,p>is cemet]ies he discov]$ a "y lady kneel+ be=e a tomb/one1 :o 0 s++ 7int]rupt$ frequ5tly by h] sobs7 an aria f an op]a4 ,:5 %e obs]v$ him1 aft] %e _h f9i%$ %e said1 excus+ h]self involunt>ily3 8,!re my de> "m lies buri$6 ,%e lov$ to he> ?is aria60 ,t ^! que/ions :i* ,i h j briefly consid]$ are ( consid]able mom5t is demon/rat$ by ! exp]i5ce ( ! ,rev4 ,brooke ,lamb]t1 :o says3-- 8,x has be5 my mis=tune to lose f\r ( my ne>e/ relations 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! _w4 ,x has be5 also a subject ( regret to me t _! rema9s lie s f> (f4 ,i c>e little = ! fate :i* happ5s to _! bodies2 & yet1 _h su* a practice z cremation be5 9 use1 x w\ld sometimes h be5 a com=t to feel t ,i _h _! a%es ) me4 ,collect$ 9 an urn1 !y might ei!r repose 9 columb>ia1 l ^? at ,rome1 or 9 a mortu>y *apel 9 my own h\se40 ,?is citation br+s to my m9d a beautiful epigram ( ,c\nt ,plat51 :o1 z y und\bt$ly "k1 0 call$ ! favorite ( ! ladies4 ,x is impossible to translate x1 & !re=e ,i w cont5t myself ) m5tion+ ! cont5ts4 ,x entreats ! sacr$ flames to return1 & to purify ! air :i* dea? has contam9at$2 x reque/s ^? ab\t to bury to r$uce to a%es ! body ( _! fri5d2 & x rejoices t ! rema9s ( our belov$ w aga9 re/ 9 a clean & dec5t urn ne> our abodes4 ,!re are _m au?ors :o1 9 _! works1 h express$ !mselves 9 favor ( cremation4 ,among ! fir/ to d ?is 0 ,a4 ,f4 ,f]d9& von ,kotzebue1 a ,g]man writ] ( note1 :o glorifi$ inc9]ation 9 8 novel 8,die ,leid5 d] ,ort5b]g's*5 ,familie40 ,!re are ^? :o are afraid t cremation w d away ) all t is mortu>y 9 poetry & song4 ,= in/ance1 !y say3 8,:at w become ( ,gray's ,elegy 9 a ,c\ntry ,*ur*y>d8 ,allusion to burial runs s insep>ably ?r\gh its v]ses t no?+ w\ld be left ( !m 7 x elim9at$40 ,z a "w ( art ,gray's ma/]piece w live =ev]2 b if reason or common s5se is appli$ to x1 ,i d\bt :e!r x has a "r to exi/1 ev5 n[4 ,i admit t ! poem is beautiful1 t x is gr&2 b x is all s5tim5t--no?+ m4 ,!re is n[ already a new lit]ature1 prose z well z poetry1 accumulat+4 ,! 8,cremazione dei cadav]i0 already has its poets--pr9cipally 9 ,italy4 ,pr(essor ,giambatti/a ,polizzi ( ,girg5ti d$icat$ 79 ,m>*1 #ahgc7 a poem on c9]ation to ,signora ,emilia ,salsi :5 h] husb&1 ,doctor ,giuseppi ,salsi1 di$ & 0 cremat$4 ,he prais$ inc9]ation z ! be/ mode to dispose ( ! dead1 & to pres]ve ! rema9s ( ! dep>t$4 ,9 ,janu>y1 #ahgd1 ,civelli's pr9t+ h\se at ,milan1 ,italy1 turn$ out #bb /anzas on inc9]ation1 9 ! ,milanese dialect4 ,! anonym\s au?or is a patron ( cremation4 ,dr4 ,moretti ( ,cann]o publi%$ an excell5t poem on cremation 9 ! ,annali di ,*imica ( #ahgb4 ,a ,g]man au?or1 writ+ "u ! pseudonym ( 8,dranmor10 s5t =? "s v good v]ses on ! same subject1 z did also ! celebrat$ ,dr4 ,ju/9us ,k]n]4 ,mr4 ,william ,eassie lam5ts3-- 8,x is a matt] ( regret t ^? ( our own poets :o h be5 9 favor ( burn+ ! dead did n en%r9e _! proclivities 9 v]se4 ,s\!y1 = in/ance1 wrote t ! cu/om ( int]m5t #8makes ! idea ( a dead fri5d m unpleasant4 ,we ?9k ( ! grave1 corruption1 & worms2 burn+ w\ld be bett]4' ,b he left u no poetry on ! subject40 ,! objections to c9]ation put =w>d by ! s5tim5tali/s are really ( no consequ5ce at all2 !y are f> too trivial to be wor? ev5 only sup]ficial consid]ation4 ,i h only m5tion$ !m1 because ,i am aw>e ( ! /rong hold t s5tim5t has on mo/ p1 & because !y all[$ ( a comp>ison betwe5 burial & cremation1 :i* is decid$ly 9 favor ( ! latt]4 ,dr4 ,e4 ,j4 ,b]m+ham ( ,new ,york ,city hits ! nail on ! head by say+3-- 8,we believe ! abhorr5ce ent]ta9$ by _m1 ( cremation1 dep5ds to a v great ext5t on ! univ]sal t5d5cy ( individuals & nations to res5t any int]f]5ce ) e/abli%$ cu/oms1 to reject any innovation simply because x is an innovation40 ,s5tim5tal objection to inc9]ation resolves into ?is3 ,we are ! slaves ( cu/om4 ,we love to walk 9 ! old worn\t pa?s1 & :5 "s "o discov]s a new way t is mu* %ort]1 & by :i* ! de/9ation is rea*$ mu* soon]1 we are loa! to use x4 ,fir/ only a few adopt x1 !n m & m travel ov] its surface1 until f9ally ! old pa? becomes obsolete4 ,to :at an ext5t p are gov]n$ by _! "t-honor$ cu/oms 0 illu/rat$ by ! anci5t hi/orian ,h]odotus 7see ,muses1 ,book ,,iii1 *ap4 #hh71 z foll[s3-- 8,if all p 7 to *oose ! mo/ beautiful among ! cu/oms1 !y w\ld aft] close exam9ation select _! own1 because e nation believes t its own cu/oms are ! be/ & ! mo/ beautiful4 ,"o !re=e _c imag9e t anybody b a madman w\ld ridicule su* matt]s4 ,:5 ,d>ius reign$ he summon$ ! ,greeks !n 9 8 l&1 & :5 !y came1 he reque/$ !m to "n ! price !y w\ld take to eat _! deceas$ p>5ts4 ,!y repli$ !y w\ld n commit su* a crime = all ! gold 9 8 empire4 ,!n he caus$ ! ,kalatians 7natives ( ,india71 :o 7 9 ! habit ( eat+ _! p>5tal dead1 to appe> be=e him2 :5 !y arriv$1 he que/ion$ !m 79 pres5ce ( ! ,greeks1 to :om e ^w 0 int]pret$7 h[ mu* remun]ation !y w\ld want to burn _! dead4 ,!y cri$ al\d1 & bade him n to ?9k ( su* a sacrilege4 ,?us cu/om rules4 ,i believe ,p9d> to be "r :5 he ass]ts 9 "o ( 8 poems t cu/om is ! k+ ( all40 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,economy ,,( ,,cremat+ ,,! ,,dead4--,,! ,,pres5t ,,/ate ,,( ,,! ,,cremation ,,"q4 ,dr4 ,f4 ,julius le ,moyne1 speak+ ( ! great exp5se (t5 lavi%$ on fun]als1 says3-- 8,! aggregate ( su* que/ionable exp5ditures ov] ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld am\nt to billions ( doll>s1 a sum truly al>m+ 9 size2 & ?is crim9al exp5diture has be5 an important factor 9 conduc+ to ! monet>y panic#a /ill prevail+4 ,?is is "o ( ! _m extravagances :i* acc\nt 9 a great degree = national f9ancial difficulties4 ,! av]age exp5diture = ea* body by ! sy/em ( inhumation may be plac$ at #ajj4 ,! av]age exp5se by ! cremation plan w\ld n exce$ #bj1--%[+ :at an imm5se national sav+ w\ld be ga9$ by sub/itut+ cremation = int]m5t40 ,footnote #a3 ,dr4 ,le ,moyne's pap] 0 writt5 9 #ahgh4 ,x mu/ be kept 9 m9d t ! exp5se ( a mod]n fun]al consi/s ( ! pur*ase ( a lot 9 ! gravey>d1 ! fun]al exp5diture1 & ! outlay = ! cu/om>y tomb/one or monum5t4 ,! co/ ( a cemet]y to ! community is trem5d\s4 ,! co/ ( a pla9 furnace ) a columb>ium does n exce$ #ejjj1 a m]e trifle :5 comp>$ ) ! price ( a burial gr\nd4 ,imag9e :at a lot ( valuable l&--! be/ soil is always select$ = cemet]ies--is lo/ by our pres5t me?od ( dispos+ ( ! dead4 ,i firmly believe t gravey>ds are (t5 a h9drance to ! gr[? ( a city2 b progress _c be /opp$ =ev]2 x may be delay$ = a %ort "t1 b f9ally x w ov]come all ob/acles1 ! dead are c>t$ away1 & a _w ( activity takes _! place4 ,graves are n h\ses :i* la/ till doomsday4 ,9 ?is c\ntry :]e cities gr[ s rapidly1 gravey>ds are soon surr\nd$ by dwell+s1 & a cemet]y :i* 0 once f> outside ( ! city limits f9ally is almo/ 9 ! c5tre ( ! city4 ,x !n becomes necess>y to remove ! dead4 ,!y are dug up & c>t$ away1 & are1 p]haps1 quietly dump$ into "s swamp to fill x up & assi/ 9 ! g5]ation ( mal>ia4 ,bus9ess blocks are !n erect$ 9 ! place t 0 once sacr$ to ! dead1 & ! peace ( ! burial gr\nd is *ang$ = ! d9 ( traffic4 ,! foll[+ citation f an editorial ( ! ,detroit ,free ,press w s]ve to elucidate :at ,i h said3-- 8,! int]m5t ( ! num]\s dead ( a l>ge population 9 ! mid/ ( a l>ge population is v s]i\s4 ,to x are attribut$ ! con/ant outbreaks ( *ol]a 9 ,india1 & ! increase ( leprosy 9 ,*9a1 & x is c]ta9 z any?+ c be t ! exi/5ce ( cemet]ies 9 cr[d$ communities is meet+ ) an increas+ prejudice4 ,! p ( l>ge cities are already =c$ to seek1 at "s di/ance f _! limits1 suitable places = int]m5t4 ,& ! exi/5ce ( great cemet]ies 9 ! suburban communities !mselves is provok+ vigor\s opposition4 ,at ,newton1 ,long ,isl&1 !re are #ac cemet]ies1 9 :i* #cj1jjj bodies ( p dy+ 9 ,new ,york & ,brooklyn are buri$ annually4 ,!re are1 !re=e1 #fj1jjj live p 9 "o "p ( ! t[n1 ! re/ be+ occupi$ by #c1ejj1jjj dead ones4 ,prop]ty is depreciat+ & taxes are increas+4 ,p are n attract$ to a t[n ( ?is sort1 & ! real e/ate ( ! village has be5 fall+ 9 value = "s "t40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,propos$ ,,crematorium ,,at ,,c9c9nati1 ,,ohio4 ,b ! f9ancial det]ioration is no?+ :5 comp>$ ) ! effect :i* ! aggregation ( _m dead produces ^u ! heal? ( ! surr\nd+ population4 ,9 & ab\t ,new ,york1 ,brooklyn1 & ,j]sey ,city1 #djjj acres ( valuable l& are tak5 up by cemet]ies4 ,x is calculat$ t ) ! probable increase ( population 9 ! next half a decade1 #ejj1jjj acres ( ! be/ l& 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates w be enclos$ by gravey>d walls4 ,?9k ( x6 ,five hundr$ ?\s& acres ( soil t might contribute t[>ds ! ma9t5ance ( ! liv+ giv5 up to ! 8cities ( ! dead40 ,x is an outrage6 ,n[1 let u comp>e ! co/ ( burial ) t ( inc9]ation4 ,z ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 !re is an imm5se sav+ ( valuable l& :5 cremation is adopt$4 ,millions ( acres n[ uncultivat$1 & simply us$ = burial to ! detrim5t ( ! liv+1 w\ld be *ang$ into food-be>+ l& & furni% additional means = ! ma9t5ance ( ! p4 ,a crematory connect$ ) an urn-hall w\ld n occupy m space ?an #cfj to #djj squ>e feet1 & w\ld la/ = c5turies4 ,!re w\ld also be a dim9ution ( fun]al exp5ses4 ,! av]age exp5se ( cremation 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is #be4 ,contra/ ?is ) ! ord9>y fun]al exp5se1 & y w agree ) me :5 ,i ass]t t ! pres5t wa/e ( money = burials is z enorm\s z x is unnecess>y4 ,"s au?or has said ju/ly t ! diff]5ce 9 exp5se w\ld (t5 equal "o-half ! proce$s ( a life insurance policy4 ,x is pla9 t ! exp5se ( ! burn+ ( s+le bodies w be v mu* r$uc$ by ! g5]al use ( ! sy/em4 ,! annual exp5se = ! cremation ( #gjjj bodies 9 ,bombay1 ,india1 am\nts to #ae1jjj only1 :i* is b #b4ej = ea* corpse4 ,! co/ ( inc9]ation 9 our own c\ntry has v>i$4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 impossible to e/imate ! exp5se ( ! e>li] cremations4 ,! furnace at ,wa%+ton1 ,pa41 0 erect$ = ! use ( ,dr4 ,le ,moyne only1 & ^? ( 8 fri5ds :o concurr$ ) him 9 ?is re=m4 ,! public at "o "t believ$ t ?is furnace _h be5 built = its accommodation1 & t ! own] foll[$ cremation z a bus9ess1 & *>g$ fees = ! use ( 8 crematory4 ,dur+ ! lifetime ( ! doctor no fee :atev] 0 *>g$ = inc9]ation 9 8 furnace4 ,aft] 8 dea? ! tru/ees ( ! crematorium 7 oblig$ to *>ge ! mod]ate sum ( #de to comp5sate !m = _! "t & tr\ble4 ,?is includ$ all exp5ses aft] ! body rea*$ ! railway /ation at ,wa%+ton1--a he>se1 c>riage1 & box to conta9 ! rema9s1 z well z fuel1 att5dance1 etc4 ,! build+ at ,wa%+ton 0 put up at ! lea/ possible exp5se 7z economy 0 "o ( ,dr4 ,le ,moyne's pr9cipal argum5ts71 & co/ 9 all ab\t #aejj4 ,comp>e ?is exp5diture ) t ( pur*as+ a cemet]y1 n tak+ into consid]ation ! improvem5ts :i* mu/ be made on a gravey>d be=e x c be op5$ to ! public4 ,x w prove int]e/+ to consid] ! pres5t /ate ( ! cremation "q1 & to note ! progress :i* ! re=m has ?us f> made 9 v>i\s c\ntries ( ! civiliz$ _w4 ,inc9]ation is mak+ great headway 9 ,europe4 ,9 ,g]many1 societies 7 organiz$ at ,coeln1 ,ha9i*51 ,bonn1 ,frank=t on ! ,ma91 ,potsdam1 ,liegnitz1 ,*emnitz1 ,heidelb]g1 ,elb]feld1 ,eg]1 ,breslau1 ,nordhaus51 ,rh$a1 ,kollb]g1 ,brem51 & ,s*leswig4 ,s9ce ,pr9ce ,bism>ck decl>$ t he w\ld n be adv]se to a law regulat+ & p]mitt+ ! practice ( cremation 9 all p>ts ( ! empire1 ! lead+ physicians ( ,b]l9 & ! memb]s & (fic]s ( all ! cremation societies ( ,g]many h petition$ ! national p>liam5t--! ,rei*/ag--to p]mit inc9]ation 9 all cities ( ! empire1 n re/rict+ cremation to ,go?a1 z has be5 done h]et(ore4 ,9 ,au/ria1 op9ion is ab\t ev5ly divid$ = & aga9/ ! practice4 ,a deputation f ! 8,urne0 ,society ( ,vi5na wait$ on ! presid5t ( ! ,au/rian cab9et to ask t cremation %\ld be au?oriz$4 ,?is society n[ comprises #hjj memb]s1 among/ :om e class is repres5t$2 !y h collect$ suffici5t funds = ! con/ruction ( a crematory app>atus4 ,& :at 0 ! answ] ( ! gov]nm5t to ?is reque/8 ,! ,m9i/] ( ,au/ro-,hung>y repli$ to ! ,urne ,society = ! ,propagation ( ,cremation t inc9]ation is =bidd5 9 ! empire because public op9ion is aga9/ x4 ,! committee ( ! ,belgian *amb] has favorably report$ ^u a petition = a law mak+ cremation optional4 ,! municipality ( ,p>is lately decid$ to cremate ! bodies :i* h be5 us$ at ! ,s*ool ( ,practical ,anatomy & at ,clamort4 ,ov] #cjjj bodies a ye> are receiv$ at ^! two in/itutions = ! purpose ( dissection4 ,! ,municipal ,c\ncil ( ,p>is also rec5tly au?oriz$ ! erection ( ?ree crematories 9 ! ,pre la ,*aise ,cemet]y1 accord+ to ! ,gor9i sy/em1 :i* are to be us$ = ! purpose ( cremat+ ! rema9s ( ^? p]sons :o die ( infecti\s or contagi\s diseases4 ,!y w be heat$ ) wood1 & are calculat$ to be capable ( r$uc+ ! bodies ( #ej p]sons p] day at a co/ ( #ae francs inclusive ( p]sonal exp5diture & ! co/ ( an urn = ! reception ( ! a%es4 ,! ,prefect ( ,police ( ,p>is has endors$ ! decree ( ! municipality1 lay+ /ress especially on ! _m advantages--sanit>y & economical--( cremation4 ,he /at$ t suffici5t te/imony _h be5 record$ by ,kue*5mei/] & _m o!r sci5tific au?orities to demon/rate beyond a d\bt t cremation is a protection aga9/ *ol]a1 yell[ fev]1 & small-pox epidemics4 ,! furnaces at ! ,pre la ,*aise c be us$ eight h\rs a day4 ,! total exp5se is e/imat$ at #ej1jjj francs2 & prep>ations w be made to burn #dejj bodies a ye>4 ,! e/abli%m5t ( ^! crematories 0 br\ght ab\t ma9ly ?r\gh ! ef=ts ( ,m4 ,koe*l9-,s*w>tz1 mayor ( ! eigh? w>d ( ,p>is2 & ! plan = _! con/ruction 0 submitt$ to ! municipality 9 ! "n ( ! ,commission ( ! ,assi/ance ,publique by ,m4 ,*aisoa+4 ,! ,fr5* ,*amb] rec5tly enact$ ! foll[+3 8,any adult or free m9or1 capable ( be+ a te/ator1 may freely det]m9e ! mode ( 8 sepulture4 ,he may elect inhumation or inc9]ation1 may w 8 body or any "p !re( to in/itutions ( public in/ruction or to le>n$ societies1 & may regulate ! conditions ( 8 fun]al1 notably 9 reg>d to its civil or religi\s "*40 ,! privilege ( cremation 9 ! crematories at ! ,pre la ,*aise is n[ grant$ to any "o :o asks = ! same4 ,! ,p>is ,municipality w at a future sitt+ vote ! con/ruction ( a sort ( lay temple1 :]e families w be all[$ to keep urns or o!r fun]eal vessels1 conta9+ ! a%es ( dead relatives4 ,?is w n necess>ily d away ) any religi\s c]emony %ort ( t ( consign+ ! dead to consecrat$ gr\nd2 b1 z ,m4 ,koe*l9-,s*w>tz says1 !re is no reason :y urns may n be consecrat$1 or :y ,prote/ants1 ,ca?olics1 ,jews1 & ,free ,?9k]s may n build a va/ mausoleum 9 :i* ! a%es ( ?\s&s c\ld be deposit$ 9 beautiful vessels )\t injury to ! liv+4 ,x is probable t crematories be+ n[ legal 9 su* an art c5t] z ,p>is1 new & beautiful =ms ( arti/ic decoration w gr[ out ( x4 ,altoge!r1 cremation is progress+ s favorably ev]y:]e t "o may be hopeful t comp>atively soon x w be adopt$ by e c\ntry 9 ! _w4 ,public op9ion 9 ,engl& has und]gone a wond]ful *ange1 & n[ is univ]sally 9 favor ( cremation4 ,ev5 s great a newspap] z ! ,times1 once a vehem5t oppon5t ( ! re=m1 has come ar\nd1 & n[ upholds inc9]ation4 ,! crematory belong+ to ! ,cremation ,society ( ,engl&1 erect$ by !m at ,/4 ,john's1 ,wok+1 ,surrey1 0 made use ( = ! fir/ "t on ! #bf? ( ,m>*1 #ahhe4 ,! body ^u :i* ! rite 0 p]=m$ 0 t ( ,mrs4 ,pick]sgill1 ( ,london1 ag$ sev5ty-"o--a lady well kn[n 9 lit]>y & sci5tific circles4 ,%e _h previ\sly become a memb] ( ! society1 ) a view ( support+ ! re=m1 9 :i* %e took great int]e/4 ,! =m ( decl>ation drawn up by ! society _h be5 sign$ by h]1 &1 aft] ! m$ical c]tificates _h be5 duly fill$ up by regi/]$ m$ical m5 & an application f a repres5tative ( ! deceas$1 ! cremation 0 all[$ to proce$4 ,an autopsy _h be5 previ\sly c>ri$ out by ! m$ical att5dants ( ! deceas$4 ,! body 0 convey$ to ! crematory f ,london 9 a suitable he>se2 & ! cremation1 :i* la/$ "o h\r1 0 att5d$ by two fri5ds ( ! deceas$1 :o express$ !mselves p]fectly satisfi$ ) ! sy/em employ$4 ,! co/ = fuel 0 "u t5 %ill+s altoge!r2 & dur+ ! "t ( ! cremation1 no smoke escap$ f ! *imney-%aft1 :il/ ! a%es 7 ( a pure/ :ite & small 9 volume4 ,! ,italian gov]nm5t ord]$ ! build+ ( a crematory1 on ! ,gor9i-,gozzi sy/em1 = ! *ol]a hospital at ,v>ignano1 :i* 0 complet$ 9 ! summ] ( #ahhe4 ,a crematorium 0 erect$ at ,flor5ce1 on ! ,v59i sy/em1 :i* cremates a body 9 #gj m9utes1 & ! co/ ( :i* 0 #dejj francs4 ,crematories are build+ at ,pisa & ,como4 ,on ! #bc;d ( ,june1 #ahhe1 ! crematorium at ,livorno 0 d$icat$ ) appropriate c]emonies4 ,x conta9s a ,spaciani ,mesm] furnace4 ,g5]al acquiesc5ce 9 ! process ( cremation is /eadily gr[+ among u2 & ,i v]ily believe t ! "t is n f> di/ant :5 crematories w be e/abli%$ 9 e /ate & t]ritory ( ! ,union4 ,! fact t "o 0 rec5tly erect$ 9 ,new ,york ,city1 "o has be5 built at ,lanca/]1 & "o has j be5 complet$ at ,pittsburg1 c]ta9ly proves t cremation has f\nd a foo?old 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! ,new ,york ,cremation ,society 0 organiz$ 9 ! city ( ,new ,york on ,m>* #h1 #ahha1 "u ! presid5cy ( ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,j4 ,d4 ,beugless1 & 0 incorporat$ on ! #bf? ( ,m>* 9 ! same ye>4 ,! objects & purposes ( ?is society are to dissem9ate s\nd & enlight5$ views respect+ ! inc9]ation ( ! dead2 to advocate & promote 9 e prop] & legitimate way ! sub/itution ( ?is me?od = burial2 & to advance ! public good by af=d+ facilities = c>ry+ cremation into op]ation4 ,! memb]s ( ! society consi/ ( ?ree classes3 active1 associate1 & correspond+ memb]s4 ,active memb]s are subdivid$ into annual & life memb]s1 ( :om ! annual memb]s pay ! regul> dues1 & ! life memb]s ! am\nt ( #cj 9 "o sum4 ,^? :o h paid ! regul> dues = twelve successive ye>s also become life memb]s4 ,no fur!r paym5t is !n requir$ f su* memb]4 ,^! paym5ts = twelve successive ye>s entitle an active memb] to all ! privileges ( ! society = ! rema9d] ( 8 life2 & an associate memb] to ! b5efit ( ! inc9]ation fund )\t fur!r *>ge4 ,only active memb]s are qualifi$ = election or appo9tm5t to any (ficial position 9 ! society2 to vote at any election2 & to debate & vote at any meet+2 correspond+ memb]s are *os5 f among ^? :o h di/+ui%$ !mselves by r5d]+ s]vice 9 ! promotion ( cremation2 & !y may reside 9 any "p ( ! _w1 except )9 a radius ( five miles ar\nd ! city ( ,new ,york4 ,at pres5t1 ! ,new ,york ,cremation ,society numb]s #dgj memb]s1 ( :om #djj are active & #gj passive memb]s4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,cremation ,company1 incorporat$ "u ! laws ( ! /ate ( ,new ,york1 is 9 no mann] connect$ ) ! ,new ,york ,cremation ,society1 al?\gh _m memb]s ( ! latt] are /ockhold]s 9 ! =m]4 ,?is company 0 f\nd$ = ! purpose ( acquir+ l&1 & erect+ !reon ! necess>y build+s1 works1 & o!r appliances = c>ry+ cremation into op]ation4 ,x 0 incorporat$ "u ! g5]al bus9ess act ( #ahgf ( ! /ate ( ,new ,york1 ) a capital /ock ( #ce1jjj1 divid$ into #adjj %>es ( ! p> value ( #be p] %>e2 #bh1bjj wor? ( /ock has already be5 tak54 ,among ! /ockhold]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,cremation ,company are su* p]sons ( note z ,&rew ,c>negie1 ,pr(essor ,h4 ,h4 ,boyes51 ! di/+ui%$ au?or1 ,pr(essor ,felix ,adl]1 & ,c\rtl&t ,palm]4 ,e>ly 9 #ahhd1 ! company pur*as$ a f9e site on ,long ,isl&1 ab\t #de m9utes' drive f ! city4 ,! cremation temple 0 erect$ ^u ! summit ( a hill at ,fre% ,pond1 ,long ,isl&4 ,! site is b\nd$ by ,olivet1 ,evel91 & ,summit ,av5ues respectively on ! ea/1 s\?1 & we/1 & comm&s an unob/ruct$ view ( ! cities ( ,new ,york & ,brooklyn1 f ! c5t] ( population 9 ei!r ( :i* x is ab\t five miles di/ant4 ,x lies betwe5 two cemet]ies4 ,! gr\nds are high & picturesque4 ,?is place ( re/ w be1 if pres5t plans are c>ri$ out1 m complete ?an any?+ ( ! k9d 9 ! _w4 ,x is expressly wi%$ to deprive x ( ! m\rnful aspect usually associat$ ) burial-gr\nds4 ,to ?is end !re are no yew or will[ trees1 nor any emblems ( m\rn+4 ,! gr\nds are ta/efully laid out1 & adorn$ ) fl[]s4 ,! corn]-/one ( ! crematory at ,fre% ,pond 0 laid on ,nov4 #bj1 #ahhd4 ,pr(4 ,felix ,adl] conduct$ ! s]vices1 ! pr9cipal spee*es be+ made by him & ! ,rev4 ,h[>d ,h5d]son4 ,! directors ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,cremation ,company fix$ ! *>ge = ! inc9]ation ( bodies at #be4 ,! crematorium 0 f9i%$ 9 ! latt] "p ( ,octob]1 #ahhe4 ,exp]im5ts 7 made ) ! bodies ( a numb] ( ! l[] animals1 9 ord] to p]fect ! work+s ( ! ma*9]y4 ,on ,nov4 #aj1 #ahhe1 a dress$ ram1 weigh+ #ge p\nds1 toge!r ) ! sk91 %ank1 & hip bones ( an ox1 0 introduc$ into ! furnace4 ,) a temp]ature ( #bjjj ,f4 ! inc9]ation 0 complet$ 9 two h\rs4 ,a /rong w9d greatly ret>d$ ! process by int]f]+ ) ! draught ( cold air4 ,! defect 0 rem$i$ at once by alt]+ ! flues & ! ins]tion ( a /eam jet at a po9t above ! entrance ( ! flues4 ,! site 0 select$ 9 ord] to c>ry out ! fir/ plans ( ! edifice1 :i* 7 ^? ( a ,grecian temple4 ,! plans h be5 modifi$ & mod]niz$ s t only a remnant ( ! classical design is left4 ,! front portion ( ! build+ w be1 :5 f9i%$1 two /ories high4 ,! re/ ( ! /ructure is "o /ory high1 & is built ( pla9 r$ brick4 ,! dim5sions are #ch #gd4 ,light is admitt$ to ! int]ior ( ! build+ by skylights 9 ! ro(1 z well z by ! half-doz5 w9d[s on ea* side4 ,cremation 9 ,new ,york has be5 advanc+ /eadily1 al?\gh p]haps sl[ly1 9 public favor4 ,! fir/ body 0 inc9]at$ at ,fre% ,pond on ,dec4 #d1 #ahhe1 & s9ce !n m ?an #ajj p]sons h be5 cremat$ !re4 ,cremation is spok5 ( ) respect1 & ! /age ( smil+ & jok+ ov] x 9 ,new ,york pass$ away long ago4 ,x receives ! unanim\s support ( ! press & ! m$ical pr(ession4 ,! ,society ( ,m$ical ,jurisprud5ce & ,/ate ,m$ic9e appo9t$ e>ly 9 #ahhf a committee to consid] ! subject4 ,! report ( t committee1 :i* 0 adopt$1 decl>$ cremation to be 8a sanit>y necessity10 & recomm5d$ t all p]sons dy+ ( contagi\s diseases %\ld be cremat$ "u direction ( ! m$ical au?orities4 ,! cremation ( ,dr4 ,dio ,lewis1 ! fam\s heal? re=m]1 9 ! latt] "p ( ,may1 #ahhf1 & t ( ,mr4 ,h5ry ,dodge1 ( "o ( ! lead+ bank+ firms on ,wall ,/reet1 9 ! e>ly "p ( ,june1 attract$ wide att5tion4 ,! fir/ "o to advocate ! adoption ( cremation 9 ,buffalo1 ,n4 ,y41 01 to my k1 ,dr4 ,fr$]ick ,pet]son1 :o *ampion$ ! re=m 9 an article writt5 = ! ,buffalo ,m$ical & ,surgical ,j\rnal4 ,_m ye>s pass$1 h[ev]1 be=e 8 ard5t advocacy 0 foll[$ by practical results4 ,! ,buffalo ,cremation ,company 7,limit$7 0 incorporat$ 9 ,july1 #ahhd1 "u ! law ( #ahge1--! s-call$ limit$ liability act4 ,at a meet+ held ,may #ah1 #ahhf1 ! fir/ bo>d ( directors 0 elect$1 ) ,dr4 ,*>les ,c>y z presid5t4 ,! g5tlem5 con/itut+ ?is fir/ bo>d manag$ ! affairs ( ! company s well1 & agre$ among !mselves s p]fectly1 t !y 7 reelect$1 & are /ill 9 (fice4 ,at ?is meet+ committees 7 appo9t$ on ! pur*ase ( real e/ate = a suitable site = build+ a crematorium1 also = plans = ! erection ( a furnace = ! inc9]ation ( bodies4 ,subscriptions came 9 rapidly1 & ^? :o _h /rong fai? 9 ! ultimate accompli%m5t ( ?is "w 7 gratifi$ by ! realization ( _! hopes4 ,any "o :o takes a look at ! crematorium ( ,buffalo to-day1 mu/ ackn[l$ge t ! cremati/s ( ?is city h a "r to be glad & pr\d to behold at la/ ! practical outcome ( _! "w4 ,at a meet+ ( ! bo>d ( directors 9 ! e>ly "p ( ,augu/1 #ahhe1 ! committees appo9t$ = ! purpose r5d]$ _! reports 9 ref]5ce to a site = a crematorium & a c9]>y app>atus4 ,9 accordance ) ^! reports ! directors pur*as$ a site on ,delavan ,av5ue1 ne> ,delaw>e ,av5ue4 ,! dim5sions are #aha feet front1 #afa feet re>1 & #adh feet 9 dep?4 ,! prop]ty 0 b\ght at a co/ ( #bj p] foot1 & on v favorable t]ms4 ,orig9ally ! capital /ock 0 #aj1jjj1 divid$ into #djj %>es1 ( ! p> value ( #be p] %>e4 ,?is 0 aft]w>d increas$ to #ae1jjj1 divid$ into #fjj %>es ( ! same p> value4 ,?is /ock :5 once paid up is non-assessable1 & n liable = ! debts ( ! company4 ,! ,buffalo crematorium1 :i* 0 f9i%$ rec5tly1 is ( a composite /yle ( ar*itecture1 & is con/ruct$ ( ,m$9a /one1 ) a slate ro(4 ,! outl9e ( ! build+ is a pleas+ "o1 & ! ar*itecture is ( su* a "* t x resembles a *ur* m closely ?an a place :]e any me*anical op]ation is c>ri$ on4 ,! gr\nds ( ! company are ent]$ f ,delavan ,av5ue by a spaci\s roadway1 runn+ to a por* & !n pass+ ar\nd ! build+ to ! door ( ! mortu>y *amb]1 on ! ea/ side4 ,^? :o accompany ! body alight at ! por*1 & pass !nce into ! auditorium4 ,! body itself is remov$ f ! he>se at ! door ( ! mortu>y *amb]4 ,:5 ! c(f9 conta9+ ! body is receiv$ 9 ! mortu>y *amb]1 ! body is remov$ & plac$ on ! c> :i* awaits its reception4 ,! c> is !n mov$ by ma*9]y1 & )\t noise1 into ! *ancel1 :]e1 if x is desir$1 ! body may rema9 9 sight ( ^? 9 ! auditorium dur+ ! progress ( su* s]vice z ! fri5ds & relatives may wi% to h p]=m$4 ,at ! prop] "t ! same me*anism moves ! c> noiselessly beh9d ! doors :i* cut (f ! inc9]at+ room f ! sight ( ! audi5ce4 ,! build+ itself is "s #gj feet 9 wid?1 by #fj feet deep4 ,! con/ruction ?r\gh\t is ( ! mo/ sub/antial "*4 ,! lot is grad$ & se$$1 & trees & %rubs 7 plant$1 s t ! appe>ance ( ! crematorium & its surr\nd+s is mo/ pleas+ to ! eye4 ,illu/ration3 ,,crematorium ,,at ,,lanca/]1 ,,pa4 7,int]ior ,view47 ,on ,dec4 #bj1 #ahhc1 ,mr4 ,john ,/or] ,cobb1 :o 0 "o ( ! projectors & f\nd]s ( ! ,new ,york ,cremation ,society & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,cremation ,company1 reque/$ ,bo/onians 79 ! columns ( a lead+ newspap]7 :o 7 9 favor ( sub/itut+ inc9]ation = inhumation z a means ( dispos+ ( ! dead1 to furni% him ) _! names & addresses4 ,aft] ! receipt ( ^! names he call$ a meet+1 :i* took place ,jan4 #bd1 #ahhd1 & ! result ( :i* 0 ! organization ( ! ,new ,engl& ,cremation ,society4 ,organization 0 effect$ "u ,*apt] #aae ( ! ,massa*usetts ,public ,/atutes2 b ! commission] ( corporations refus+ to all[ su* incorporation1 ! society n wi%+ to organize "u ! g5]al corporation law1 :]eby ! p> value ( %>es mu/ be #ajj1 & all /ock subscrib$ = & paid 9 be=e x c\ld comm5ce op]ations1 appli$ = a special *>t]1 embody+ its views & ne$s4 ,b ! "t = ! introduction ( new bus9ess hav+ expir$1 x 0 oblig$ to wait till ! next session ( ! legislature4 ,e>ly 9 ! session x pres5t$ a bill = incorporation1 :i* took ! =m ( a g5]al law1 au?oriz+ ! =mation ( cremation societies4 ,x 0 ! int5tion ( ! society to at once incorporate "u ?is act1 place ! /ock ( ! society on sale1 & z soon z possible erect a crematorium 9 ! ne> vic9ity ( ,bo/on4 ,! bill pass$ bo? h\ses ( ! legislature1 b 0 am5d$1 s t n[ ! p> value ( %>es mu/ be ei!r #aj or #ej1 &1 z "u ! g5]al corporation law ( ,massa*usetts1 ! :ole capital /ock mu/ be subscrib$ & paid 9 be=e ! society c comm5ce op]ations4 ,! capital /ock ( ! society is #be1jjj1 di/ribut$ into #bejj %>es1 ea* ( ! p> value ( #aj4 ,at pres5t ! society numb]s ab\t #ge memb]s4 ,! (fic]s are3 ,john ,/or] ,cobb1 presid5t2 ,*>les ,a4 ,holt1 treasur]2 & ,sidney ,p4 ,br[n1 secret>y4 ,inspir$ ) ! necessity ( a bett] me?od ( dispos+ ( ! dead1 ,dr4 ,john ,o4 ,m>ble began ! agitation ( ! "q 9 ,worce/]1 ,mass41 9 ,novemb]1 #ahhd1 by read+ a pap] ^u ! subject be=e #be ( ! mo/ prom95t physicians ( t city4 ,mu* to 8 surprise & pleasure !y he>tily approv$ ( ! plan ( cremation z a sub/itute = ! pres5t "t-honor$1 b1 to ! liv+1 dang]\s cu/om ( e>?-burial4 ,at ! solicitation ( "o ( !m1 :o is ! en?usia/ic presid5t ( ! ,worce/] ,natural ,hi/ory ,society1 ! doctor deliv]$ a lecture ^u ! subject ( ! 8,disposal ( ! ,dead1 ,cremation ,pref]r$10 be=e a l>ge audi5ce 9 ! hall ( ! society on ! ev5+ ( ,dec4 #d1 #ahhd4 ,! p ( ! cons]vative city ( ,worce/] seem$ to appreciate ! sanit>y necessity1 & began intellig5t inquiries1 :i* ,dr4 ,m>ble answ]$ 9 eight communications 9 ! ,worce/] ,daily ,spy4 ,! movem5t 0 favor$ by almo/ all ( ! be/ citiz5s1 &1 aft] consid]able h>d "w on ,dr4 ,m>ble's "p1 took %ape 9 ! organization ( a society4 ,! con/itution 0 sign$ by1 & ! society is compos$ (1 p]sons ( ! v highe/ position1 socially1 pr(essionally1 & 9 e respect4 ,! society is n yet q ready = ! erection ( a crematory1 b x is expect$ t su* result w foll[ 9 ! ne> future4 ,! ,c9c9nati ,cremation ,company 0 incorporat$ on ,oct4 #ah1 #ahhd2 x 0 organiz$ two or ?ree weeks lat]4 ,! capital /ock ( ! company is #be1jjj1 divid$ into #ajjj %>es ( ! p> value ( #be p] %>e4 ,no memb] is p]mitt$ to own m ?an #bj %>es4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahhe1 ! company pur*as$ a site = ! erection ( ,c9c9nati's crematorium4 ,! site is on a comm&+ em95ce on ,dixmy? ,av5ue1 we/ ( ,burnet ,woods & )9 a qu>t] ( a mile ( ! t]m9us ( ! ,clifton l9e ( c>s4 ,! prop]ty is )9 city limits2 x is easily accessible1 be+ on a f9e drive2 its elevation w give ! crematorium a di/+ui%$ prom95ce1 :ile ! view to ! we/ & s\? is ext5d$ & beautiful4 ,! front measurem5t ( ! site is some:at ov] #cjj feet1 ) a dep? ( #cej1 compris+ an area ( m ?an two & a half acres1 at a co/ ( #djjj4 ,! basem5t ( ! ,c9c9nati crematorium has be5 f9i%$2 ! furnace is be+ erect$1 & w be complet$ 9 a %ort "t4 ,at pres5t1 ! company c\nts #cbe /ockhold]s1 ) q a repres5tation ( ladies4 ,ab\t #ae1jjj ( ! /ock has be5 subscrib$ =4 ,a crematory on ,six? ,av5ue1 9 ! c5tre ( ! city ( ,pittsburg1 ,pa41 0 complet$ 9 ,janu>y1 #ahhf4 ,! furnace 7con/ruct$ by ,dr4 ,m4 ,l4 ,davis7 is heat$ by natural gas to at lea/ #bbjj degrees4 ,! app>atus is own$ by ,mr4 ,h4 ,samson1 ! ex-presid5t ( ! ,national ,fun]al ,directors' ,association1 :o is a wide-awake man1 & ?9ks ! fun]al directors 7vulgo1 und]tak]s7 are v %ortsight$ to all[ cremation associations to be organiz$2 !y %\ld be will+ & prep>$ to take c>e ( & make su* disposition ( ! dead z ! p want4 ,! use ( natural gas enables ,mr4 ,samson to h 8 furnace 9 ! basem5t ( 8 bus9ess h\se4 ,! fir/ cremation 9 ?is app>atus took place on ,m>* #ag1 #ahhf1 :5 ! rema9s ( ,milton ,fi%]1 ( ,columbus1 ,o41 7 inc9]at$4 ,! body 0 plac$ 9 ! retort at #g4cj o'clock1 & 9 less ?an an h\r 0 r$uc$ to a%es4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ "t t natural gas _h ev] be5 us$ = cremat+ purposes2 & its advantages 7 app>5t at once4 ,! ,national ,cremation ,association1 :i* 0 organiz$ & incorporat$ ,feb4 #aj1 #ahhc1 has s f> met ) success1 z its object to make propag&a = ! pr9ciple ( cremation & keep its ideas be=e ! eyes ( ! public has be5 fully su/a9$1 z ! discussions & argum5ts pro & contra 9 ! press ( ,philadelphia1 ,pa41 :]e x is locat$1 w prove4 ,accord+ to its con/itution1 ?is association agrees to cremate ! rema9s ( any active or passive memb] 9 good /&+ at dea?1 :5 s desir$4 ,! exp5ses ( ! fun]al & cremation are c>ri$ by ! association4 ,s9ce ! incorporation ( ?is society1 "o ( its memb]s di$1 ,may #aj1 #ahhd1 & 01 9 accordance ) 8 wi%es1 cremat$4 ,! body 0 transf]r$ to ,wa%+ton1 ,pa41 on ! #ac? ( ! same mon?1 & !re r$uc$ to a%es1 :i* 7 return$ to ! c>e ( ! family ( ! deceas$4 ,s9ce ! incorporation ( ! association1 ! numb] ( memb]s has ris5 f six to #ei & w soon1 no d\bt1 be a full hundr$4 ,x is n[ ! ma9 object ( ?is association to secure ! erection ( a crematory 9 or ne> ,philadelphia4 ,= ?is purpose subscriptions 7 receiv$ & /ock issu$4 ,z soon z ! necess>y capital is obta9$ ! crematorium w be built4 ,9 ! m$ical s*ool ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania ! bodies :i* h be5 utiliz$ = dissection are burn$ in/ead ( be+ buri$ z h]et(ore4 ,! ,lanca/] ,cremation & ,fun]al ,re=m ,society at ,lanca/]1 ,pa41 orig9at$ 9 ?is wise3 ,e>ly 9 #ahhd1 a few g5tlem5 int]e/$ 9 ! matt] agitat$ x among _! fri5ds2 & a li/ ( memb]s ( a propos$ society 0 made4 ,on ,may #bg1 ^! subscrib]s met at ! (fice ( ,messrs4 ,/e9mann & ,h5sel 7bo? ( :om 7 memb]s71 &1 call+ ,d4 ,g4 ,e%leman to ! *air1 a tempor>y organization 0 effect$4 ,a committee 0 appo9t$ to report on a prop] location = a crematory1 also a committee on *>t] & by-laws4 ,^! committees report$ ,june #f1 :5 ! am\nt ( /ock 0 fix$ at #ejjj 9 #aj %>es4 ,at ! ?ird meet+1 ,june #ac1 a p]man5t organization 0 effect$ by elect+ a bo>d ( directors4 ,! bo>d organiz$ imm$iately ^u ! adj\rnm5t ( ! /ockhold]s' meet+1 & *ose ,d4 ,g4 ,e%leman1 ,esq41 presid5t2 ,dr4 ,h5ry ,c>p5t] & ,rev4 ,j4 ,max ,h>k1 vice-presid5ts2 ,j4 ,d4 ,pyott1 cl]k2 ,h4 ,c4 ,brubak]1 ,esq41 correspond+ secret>y2 ,geo4 ,k4 ,re$1 treasur]4 ,mr4 ,middleton 0 plac$ on ! committee on gr\nd & build+ 9 place ( ,mr4 ,h5sel1 ^: engagem5ts prev5t$ 8 act+2 & ?is committee 0 in/ruct$ to report ,june #bj1 at :i* "t ! site n[ occupi$ 0 select$ & ! committee ord]$ to pur*ase4 ,on ! #cj? ( ,june1 ! /ock subscrib$ 0 call$ 91 & build+ proposals ask$ =4 ,on ! #aa? ( ,july1 bids 7 op5$2 on ! #ad? ( ,july1 ! contract 0 aw>d$ to ,mr4 ,d9kelb]g1 & ! build+ 0 imm$iately begun4 ,on ! #aj? ( ,septemb]1 ! build+ 0 complet$2 & ! retort build]s hav+ fail$ to come to "t1 ! committee 7 au?oriz$ to con/ruct "o on plans ( _! own4 ,?is 0 done2 = ,dr4 ,m4 ,l4 ,davis devis$ & built a furnace f 8 own designs1 & on ,nov4 #a ! bo>d met 9 ! crematory build+1 & provid$ = ! improvem5t ( ! gr\nds4 ,on ! night ( ,nov4 #d or ! morn+ ( ! #e?1 ! furnace w5t to :ite heat1 despite pr$ictions ( exp]ts to ! contr>y1 & ju/ifi$ ! plan ( con/ruction4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! #ag? ( ,novemb]1 ! body ( a %eep1 two ox-heads1 & sev]al %eep-heads 7 enclos$ 9 a wood5 box & plac$ 9 ! retort at r$ heat1 ! company pres5t be+ unwill+ to rema9 lat]4 ,"s smoke1 ( c\rse1 0 made2 b :5 :ite heat 0 rea*$1 ! cremation 0 p]fect1 z specim5s ( ! residuum amply prov$4 ,! crematorium 0 d$icat$ on ,tuesday1 ,nov4 #be1 at #b ,p4,m41 :5 ! body ( a lady f ,j]sey ,city1 ,n4 ,j41 0 inc9]at$4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ?is society 0 organiz$ on ,may #bg1 #ahhd1 pur*as$ l&1 erect$ its build+1 & _h its fir/ cremation )9 ! p]iod ( six mon?s1 :ile sev]al o!r societies organiz$ mu* e>li] _h n yet advanc$ mu* beyond lay+ ! corn]-/ones ( _! respective build+s4 ,! d$ication ex]cises 7 op5$ by a pray] by ,rev4 ,geo4 ,gaul1 ( ,/4 ,paul's ,me?odi/ ,*ur*4 ,!reupon1 ! build+ 0 deliv]$ to ! society by ,dr4 ,m4 ,l4 ,davis1 *airman ( ! build+ committee1 :o discuss$ ! subject ( cremation f a sanit>y /&po9t4 ,! next oration1 prec$+ ! b5$iction1 0 deliv]$ by ,rev4 ,j4 ,max ,h>k1 pa/or ( ! ,moravian *ur*1 "o ( ! vice-presid5ts ( ! society1 :o treat$ ! subject f a !ological /&po9t4 ,! b5$iction ov]1 ! p>ticipants 9 ! d$ication c]emony disp]s$4 ,! inc9]ation t took place on ?is occasion 0 entirely satisfactory4 ,! :ole c]emony 0 solemn1 & produc$ a pr(\nd impression ^u ! intellig5t & ?\ghtful audi5ce1 among :om 7 _m gue/s f o!r cities4 ,! rules ( ! ,lanca/] ,cremation & ,fun]al ,re=m ,association are v /r+5t & well calculat$ to meet all dem&s4 ,all applicants = cremation ( bodies mu/ pres5t a c]tificate ( dea?1 sign$ by ! physician att5d+ dur+ ! la/ illness1 ^: /&+ z a reputable practition] mu/ be atte/$ by a magi/rate or not>y public4 ,:5 br\ght f a di/ance1 (ficial bo>d ( heal? pap]s are also requir$4 ,! rules reque/ t ! body %\ld be dress$ 9 a %r\d ( cotton or l95 fabric2 all metallic sub/ances be+ avoid$--hooks1 buttons ) metallic eyes1 etc4 ,! body %\ld be enclos$ 9 a pla9 wood5 c(f92 or1 :at is pref]able1 9 a c(f9 made ( %eet z9c4 ,! co/ ( inc9]ation is #be4 ,! condition1 f9ancial & o!rwise1 ( ! society is excell5t4 ,mr4 ,h4 ,c4 ,brubak] />t$ ! subscription %ortly aft] ,dr4 ,gross's demise1 & succe$$ 9 gett+ "s #ej subscrib]s be=e organization4 ,! society n[ numb]s ab\t #hj memb]s1 ( ! be/ ?9k+ elem5t 9 ! community1 male & female4 ,s f>1 #ea cremations h tak5 place 9 ! ,lanca/] furnace1 e "o ( !m to ! entire satisfaction ( all conc]n$4 ,rec5tly a second furnace 0 put 9 ! ,lanca/] crematorium2 & "s important improvem5ts 7 made by ,dr4 ,davis 9 ! process :i* 0 inv5t$ by him4 ,a s+le feature ( ! e>li] inc9]ations seem$ out ( h>mony ) ! "* ( ! occasion--x 0 necess>y to =ce ! receptacle ) ! body into ! retort by direct pressure4 ,?is 0 s\ght to be rem$i$ by draw+ x 9 by a wire cable2 b ! latt] prov+ unreliable1 ! body1 enclos$ 9 ! alum-saturat$ clo?1 is n[ laid 9 a cradle consi/+ ( a /eel frame cov]$ ) asbe/os & fire-clay1 :i* is susp5d$ f an ext5sion arm1 op]at$ by a quick-?read screw ext5d+ l5g?wise ( ! catafalque1 by :i* ! cradle is plac$ sil5tly 9 ! retort & ! arm )drawn4 ,! inc9]ation be+ complet$1 by rev]s+ ! process ! cradle ) ! a%es is extract$ intact & all[$ to cool4 ,x is to be rememb]$ t ^! ,lanca/] p _h almo/ ev]y?+ to le>n4 ,dr4 ,le ,moyne1 ( glori\s memory1 _h devot$ 8 labors to tea*+ ! pr9ciple by precept & example2 8 me?od 0 necess>ily primitive & crude4 ,lanca/] add$ ! requir$ art1 gave ! pr9ciple an adequate process1 & s5t =? ! body ( tru? suitably clo!d4 ,! record ( _! fir/ cremation 0 publi%$1 ) all sorts ( comm5t1 9 e live pap] ( ! l&2 & ! impetus !n giv5 to ! cause ( re=m1 :ile x _c be fully e/imat$1 is pla9ly se5 9 ! wond]ful developm5t ( correct ?\ght & s5tim5t on ?is subject :i* imm$iately foll[$4 ,9 ! li/ ( p]sons cremat$ at ,lanca/]1 ! ,g]man elem5t l>gely pr$om9ates2 & practically ! :ole li/ is made up ( resid5ts 9 cities--%[+ t ! c5t]s ( culture are also ! nuclei ( advanc$ ?\ght on ?is "q4 ,nor is ?is crematorium altoge!r )\t honor 9 its own c\ntry4 ,"o ( ! prom95t memb]s ( ! society 7,george ,brubak]1 ,esq47 dy+ s9ce its e/abli%m5t1 0 inc9]at$2 also ,ex-,mayor ,*ri/ian ,kieff]1 ( ,lanca/]1 & bo? p>5ts ( ,mrs4 ,h4 ,c4 ,brubak]4 ,! society is extremely =tunate 9 its p]sonnel2 f its presid5t1 a lead+ lawy]1 its vice-presid5ts1 9 ! front rank ( m$ic9e & div9ity2 its directors1 active m5 9 all walks ( life1 ! high s*ool pr9cipal1 lead+ j\rnali/s1 bank]s1 manag]s ( l>ge bus9ess ent]prises1 ! m$ical pr(ession l>gely repres5t$ 9 ! rank & file ( its #hj memb]s--its position 9 ! community is assur$1 & its radical doctr9e f9ds ! mo/ solid ( 8back+40 ,! cremation society ( ,new ,orleans1 ,la41 0 organiz$ & incorporat$ on ! #ad? ( ,febru>y1 #ahhd4 ,x 0 e/abli%$ ma9ly ?r\gh ! ef=ts ( ,dr4 ,felix ,=m5to4 ,x 0 f\nd$ to asc]ta9 & demon/rate1 by sci5tific rese>* & inve/igation1 ! importance & necessity ( inc9]ation to society z ! be/ me?od ( dispos+ ( ! bodies ( ! dead2 & 9 pursuance !re( to make kn[n to ! p ! dang]s to public heal? result+ f ! mode ( burial g5]ally practic$ all ov] ! c\ntry1 m p>ticul>ly ! special dang]s to a city l ,new ,orleans1 f ! peculi> me?od foll[$ !re2 to demon/rate ! advantage ( cremation ov] all o!r modes ( dispos+ ( ! dead1 9 a sanit>y1 social1 & economical po9t ( view2 to remove all prejudices :i* !re may be aga9/ ! introduction ( cremation 9 ! ,cresc5t ,city1 & to prove t cremation c be practic$ )\t 9 ! lea/ w\nd+ religi\s s5tim5t or susceptibilities2 to obta9 in=mation 9 reg>d to ! diff]5t me?ods2 to obta91 if necess>y1 prop] legislative enactm5ts on ! subject ( inc9]ation1 provid+ = ! disposal ( bodies1 especially ^? ^: dea? result$ f contagi\s or infecti\s diseases1 & especially 9 small-pox hospitals & o!r public in/itutions2 to procure necess>y funds = ! erection ( a crematorium 9 ! city ( ,new ,orleans1 & = its managem5t "u prop] sanit>y regulations4 ,i regret to say t ?is society is no long] 9 exi/5ce4 ,x w5t to ! dogs on acc\nt ( ! apa?y ( ! p ( ,new ,orleans4 ,x />t$ out ) good prospects ( success2 a squ>e ( gr\nd 0 ev5 b\ght ne> ! city1 & x 0 ?\ght t a furnace = ! burn+ ( ! dead w\ld be built )\t delay4 ,b gradually ! int]e/ 9 cremation less5$ 9 ! ,cresc5t ,city &1 9 consequ5ce1 ! society w5t into liquidation4 ,at ,/4 ,l\is1 ,mo41 ! propag&a 9 favor ( cremation 0 c>ri$ on = ye>s by ,dr4 ,lu$ek+1 :o di$1 & 0 r$uc$ to a%es 9 ! ,lanca/] crematory4 ,!reupon ! robes ( an agitator = inc9]ation 7 donn$ by ,mr4 ,osc> ,hoef] ( ! ,we/li*e ,po/1 an influ5tial ,g]man j\rnal1 & ,rev4 ,jonas1 bo? ( :om kept ! int]e/ 9 cremation alive by deliv]+ lectures on ! subject & by contribut+ articles to ! daily press4 ,! ,miss\ri ,crematory ,association 0 organiz$ 9 ! e>ly "p ( #ahhe = ! purpose ( provid+ & e/abli%+ 9 ! city ( ,/4 ,l\is1 a suitable build+ & o!r facilities = ! cremation ( ! dead1 & = ! prop] pres]vation ( _! a%es 9 a columb>ium4 ,! capital /ock is #be1jjj1 divid$ into #ajjj %>es ( #be ea*1 t5 p] c5t ( :i* am\nt mu/ be deposit$ by ! subscrib] imm$iately ^u sign+4 ,non-resid5ts may become memb]s ( ! association1 &1 = ! purpose ( cremation1 ! bodies n only f ?is city or /ate1 b also f o!r /ates & locations may be receiv$4 ,f ! beg9n+ ! association enc\nt]$ a great deal ( opposition4 ,?is 0 s /rong t once ! advisability ( disb&+ 0 s]i\sly discuss$4 ,all agree+1 h[ev]1 t x 0 too great a pity to ab&on a project1 = ! execution ( :i* !re 0 en\gh capital on h&1 conclud$ n to disorganize & to make m /r5u\s ef=ts to ov]come ! prejudice prevail+ 9 ! city c\ncil & among ! citiz5s4 ,?is prov$ to be tempor>y1 = a bill1 prohibit+ cremation )9 ! city limits1 0 repeal$ rec5tly by bo? h\ses ( ! city c\ncil ( ,/4 ,l\is1 & only awaits ! signature ( ! mayor to become a law4 ,! association b\ght no less ?an ?ree lots4 ,) ! la/ "o1 n v desirable 9 location1 !y are at l5g? ga9+ success4 ,:5 !y _h b\ght ! fir/ lot1 ! build+ commission issu$ a build+ p]mit to !m1 = :i* !y _h to pay #e4 ,aft] ?is1 h[ev]1 ! municipal c\ncil enact$ a law =bidd+ !m to make use ( t v p]mit1 by prohibit+ cremation4 ,& ! #e 7 nev] return$ to !m4 ,! association is 9 a prosp]\s condition1 & w proce$ at once1 z soon z ! pres5t ob/acles are remov$1 to c>ry out ! objects = :i* x 0 f\nd$4 ,! ,fir/ ,cremation ,society ( ,san ,francisco 0 incorporat$ on ! #ag? ( ,febru>y1 #ahhb1 ) #ec memb]s4 ,! directors ( ?is society are3 ,e4 ,d4 ,:eel]1 presid5t2 ,s4 ,heyd5felt1 ,jr41 vice-presid5t2 ,e4 ,a4 ,d5icke1 treasur]2 ,max ,levy1 record+ secret>y2 ,george ,e4 ,voelkel1 correspond+ secret>y2 ,h4 ,a4 ,cobb1 ,j4 ,bay]1 ,m4,d41 ,f4 ,s*u5emann-,pott1 ,dr4 ,woz5cr(t4 ,! law ( ! /ate ( ,cali=nia provides only = ! disposal ( ! dead by burial2 !re=e ! society is n[ mak+ ! greate/ ef=ts to induce ! legislature to enact a law au?oriz+ cremation1 leav+ ! p free to *oose z to ! disposal ( _! dead betwe5 ! two me?ods4 ,at ! la/ annual meet+ ( ! society1 ! secret>y /at$ t ! society n[ numb]s #aac memb]s1 ( :i* six are ladies4 ,"o ( ! orig9al memb]s di$1 ano!r left ! society1 :i* makes an increase 9 memb]%ip ( #fb p]sons4 ,! ,san ,francisco ,cremation ,company 0 incorporat$ on ! #aj? ( ,septemb]1 #ahhe1 ) #aag /ockhold]s1 repres5t+ #bad %>es at #ej4 ,! capital /ock is #be1jjj1 divid$ into #ejj %>es ( #ej ea*4 ,! object ( ! company is to erect a suitable crematorium = ! imm5se population ( ! great city at ! ,gold5 ,gate4 ,a lot has be5 pur*as$1 & a crematorium w be erect$ capable ( inc9]at+ #dj bodies a day4 ,! (fic]s ( ?is company are3 ,judge ,e4 ,d4 ,:eel]1 presid5t2 ,s4 ,h5d]felt1 ,jr41 vice-presid5t2 ,max ,levy1 tempor>y treasur] & record+ secret>y2 ,george ,e4 ,voelkel1 correspond+ secret>y2 ,c4 ,w4 ,banks1 ,g5]al ,cobb1 ,e4 ,o4 ,d5icke1 ,w4 ,t4 ,trelan1 ,jr4 ,a cremation company 0 organiz$ at ,los ,angeles1 ,cal41 9 ! e>ly "p ( ,septemb]1 #ahhe1 ) #aeb memb]s1 ( :i* #ab are ladies4 ,?is company int5ds to build a crematorium z soon z #fjjj h be5 subscrib$4 ,cremation companies 7 also rec5tly f\nd$ at ,sacram5to & ,/ockton1 ,cal4 ,! ,dav5port 7,i[a7 ,cremation ,society 0 =m$ on ! #ag? ( ,febru>y1 #ahhe1 & is /ill 9 exi/5ce4 ,x c\nts ab\t #abj memb]s4 ,x 0 f\nd$ to 8enlight5 ! p on ! subject ( cremation40 ,! annual dues are #a4 ,! ,nor?we/]n ,cremation ,society ( ,dav5port may be reg>d$ z an (fspr+ ( ! above4 ,at a meet+ held 9 ,april1 #ahhe1 a committee 0 appo9t$ to obta9 subscriptions = ! purpose ( build+ a crematorium4 ,! committee report$ ,may #f t #ajj %>es1 at #be a %>e1 _h be5 subscrib$4 ,at ?is meet+ a committee 0 in/ruct$ to draft articles ( incorporation1 to be act$ ^u at a future meet+2 & ano!r committee 0 appo9t$ to asc]ta9 ! co/ ( cremation furnaces4 ,! committee report$ on ,june #cj2 & ! /ockhold]s !n proce$$ to elect ! directors ( ! organization4 ,on ! #c;d ( ,july1 ! bo>d ( directors elect$ ! (fic]s3 ,h4 ,h4 ,&res51 presid5t2 ,c4 ,/olt5b]g1 vice-presid5t2 ,f4 ,g4 ,claus51 secret>y2 ,f4 ,t4 ,blunck1 treasur]4 ,! capital /ock ( ?is company is #be1jjj1 divid$ into #ajjj %>es ( #be ea*4 ,! /ock is payable at su* "t or times z ! bo>d ( directors may det]m9e4 ,f\r ?\s& ?ree hundr$ & fifty doll>s h already be5 subscrib$4 ,a committee has be5 appo9t$ to pur*ase a lot1 & ! crematorium w probably be erect$ 9 ! c\rse ( ?is ye>4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahhe1 sev]al citiz5s ( ,san ,antonio1 ,tex41 circulat$ a li/ :i* read z foll[s3-- 8,we1 ! und]sign$1 believ+ cremation ! prop]1 mo/ heal?ful1 & mo/ satisfactory me?od ( dispos+ ( our dead1 d !re=e sign our names h]eto1 ) ! expectation ( =m+ ourselves into a society1 ! imm$iate object ( :i* w be ! erection ( a crematorium 9 ?is city40 ,?is circul> 0 sign$ by #ie p]sons1 ladies z well z g5tlem54 ,a meet+ 0 !n call$4 ,at ?is ga!r+1 ?ree committees 7 appo9t$3 "o to obta9 a *>t]1 "o to prep>e ! con/itution & by-laws1 & "o1 f9ally1 to get subscriptions4 ,! latt] made ! r\nd ( ! city ) ! foll[+ agreem5t3-- 8,we1 ! und]sign$1 d h]eby agree to become memb]s ( ! cremation society n[ be+ =m$ 9 ,san ,antonio1 ,bex> ,c\nty1 ,tex4 ,ea* ( ! und]sign$ h]eby agrees to pay #ej c5ts d[n1 z a contribution to ! fund = defray+ ! prelim9>y exp5se 9 =m+ ! society40 ,?is li/ 0 sign$ by #ajg p]sons ( bo? sexes1 & #ec 7 collect$ to pay = pr9t+1 etc4 ,aft] ?is1 ano!r meet+ 0 call$ 9 ! latt] "p ( ,may1 & ! company organiz$ p]man5tly4 ,! organization is call$ ! 8,san ,antonio ,cremation ,company10 & has ! foll[+ (fic]s3 ,e4 ,b4 ,hadra1 ,m4,d41 presid5t2 ,m4 ,f4 ,corbett1 vice-presid5t2 ,f4 ,groos1 bank]1 treasur]2 ,a4 ,mav]ick1 secret>y4 ,! company 0 incorporat$ on ! #ah? ( ,june1 #ahhe4 ,! am\nt ( ! capital /ock ( ?is corporation is #ej1jjj1 divid$ into #ejjj %>es1 ( ! p> value ea* ( #aj4 ,s f>1 #adhj h be5 subscrib$ by #fj %>ehold]s4 ,an acre ( l& 0 donat$ to ! company by ,mr4 ,a4 ,mav]ick4 ,x lies ea/ ( ! city1 on a hill1 9 ! neighborhood ( ! cemet]ies2 b ! prop]ty lies ea/ ( !m1 s t ! ea/ & s\!a/ trade w9ds1 :i* bl[ 9 ,san ,antonio dur+ ! summ]1 rea* ! place fir/1 &1 consequ5tly1 d n fet* any bad odor f ! gravey>ds4 ,! gr\nds w be beautifully laid out & plant$ ) trees & %rubs 9 ! ne> future4 ,! view f ?is site is v f9e4 ,t[>d ! nor? may be se5 ! gov]nm5t depot1 ) all its /ately build+s1 ab\t two miles (f2 t[>d ! ea/ & s\!a/ is visible a beautiful valley t]m9at$ 9 ! di/ance by ! picturesque blue m\nta9s4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ! company 0 oppos$ by a ,bapti/ prea*]1 :o 0 soon sil5c$ by ! foll[+ decl>ation 9 "o ( ! daily newspap]s3-- 8,i h no d\bt b t my good old ,*ri/ian fri5d is 9 ?is _w = do+ good2 b1 by oppos+ cremation1 he n only does h>m to u all z long z he lives1 b cont9ues to injure u aft] he is dead & buri$10 etc4 ,! cremation movem5t 9 ! /ate ( ,mi*igan 0 begun by ! au?or ( ?is volume imm$iately aft] he return$ f ! inc9]ation ( 8 "m4 ,by repeat$ newspap] articles ,i cont9u$ to awak5 a lively int]e/ 9 ! re=m at ,detroit1 & 0 support$ 9 my und]tak+ by all ! lead+ newspap]s ( ! city2 ev5 a publication only a few days old decl>+ 9 favor ( cremation4 ,none b ! purely religi\s j\rnals oppos$ ! s*eme4 ,on ! #g? ( ,augu/1 #ahhe1 a meet+ 0 held at a public hall 9 ! ,city ( ! ,/raits1 = ! purpose ( discuss+ ! "q ( cremation & ( =m+ a cremation society4 ,! meet+ 0 well att5d$1 ne>ly #ajj p]sons be+ pres5t4 ,dr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,c>/5s 0 *os5 *airman1 & ,dr4 ,h4 ,eri*s5 z secret>y4 ,! meet+ 0 op5$ by ,dr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,c>/5s4 ,two plans1 he said1 _h be5 propos$ = ! consid]ation ( cremationi/s2 "o ( ^! 0 ! build+ ( a crematory1 ! o!r1 ! =mation ( a society1 ea* memb] ( :i* w\ld pl$ge himself to provide = ! inc9]ation ( 8 body4 ,i !n made ! address ( ! ev5+1 giv+ ! ma9 argum5ts = inc9]ation z oppos$ to e>?-burial4 ,my /atem5ts 7 foll[$ by rem>ks ( a simil> nature1 made by sev]al ( ! g5tlem5 pres5t4 ,a motion 0 !n made by ,dr4 ,j4 ,e4 ,em]son1 a prom95t physician1 t ! *airman appo9t a committee ( ?ree to prep>e a con/itution & by-laws = ! organization ( a cremation society 9 ,detroit2 & ?ree g5tlem5 7 appo9t$ z su* committee4 ,! foll[+ agreem5t 0 !reupon prep>$1 & receiv$ #bg signatures3-- 8,we1 ! und]sign$1 d h]eby unite ourselves into an association = ! purpose ( provid+ facilities = c>ry+ cremation into op]ation40 ,!n ! meet+ adj\rn$1 subject to ! call ( ! committee4 ,! entire "t ( ! committee 0 tak5 up by ! =mation ( a /ock company1 :i* proposes ! erection ( a crematory4 ,influ5c$ by flatt]+ prospects1 ! promot]s ( ! project _h prep>$ by ,messrs4 ,spi]s & ,rohns1 ar*itects1 plans = a h&some crematorium4 ,! *>t %[s ?ree divisions1 viz43 ! ext]ior ( ! build+1 ! ma9 floor1 & ! basem5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,crematorium ,,at ,,lanca/]1 ,,pa4 7,ext]ior ,view47 ,! ext]ior view %[s a h&some ,romanesque /ructure ( "o /ory & a basem5t4 ,! ma9 height is #af feet1 :i* rises 9 f\r gables on ! sides4 ,a dome1 #ce feet 9 circumf]5ce1 atta9s a height ( #fe feet4 ,! draw+ ( ! fir/ floor %[s an auditorium ( octagon =m4 ,back ( ! two re> ni*es are dress+-rooms = cl]gym54 ,two h&some alt>s on :i* to hold religi\s s]vices w front f ^! ni*es4 ,two rooms 9 ! l[] end ( ! build+1 on ei!r side ( ! approa*1 are res]v$ = toilet rooms1 "o = ladies1 & ! o!r = g5tlem54 ,9 ! c5t] ( ! upp] end ( ! auditorium is plac$ a catafalque1 re/+ on an elevator4 ,aft] a body has be5 prop]ly prep>$1 x w be plac$ on ?is catafalque4 ,:5 ! religi\s s]vices are conclud$1 ! body w be l[]$ to ! basem5t1 & ! op5+ 9 ! floor clos$ ) a slide trap4 ,! plan ( ! basem5t %[s ! same divisions z are made on ! ma9 floor4 ,on ! left-h& side is a retir+-room4 ,! front is divid$ into f\r rooms4 ,an ice cell>1 a frigid>ium1 :i* is calculat$ z a place 9 :i* to pres]ve bodies = sev]al days2 a calid>ium1 a heat$ room 9 :i* bodies c be plac$ = sev]al days1 to insure aga9/ cremation :ile 9 a /ate ( trance2 & a drug room1 :]e re/oratives w be kept4 ,! "r-h& w+ is design$ = a prep>+ room1 f :i* ! body is tak5 directly to "o ( ! furnaces4 ,! furnaces1 ( :i* !re w be two1 are n yet def9itely design$4 ,x is suppos$1 h[ev]1 t !y w be aft] ! plan ( ! app>atuses at ,lanca/]1 9 ,p5nsylvania4 ,9 ! re> ( ! build+ x is propos$ to build an addition1 9 ! =m ( a ?ree-qu>t] circle1 :i* w be /yl$ ! columb>ium4 ,on ! inside ?is w be divid$ by ?ree corridors1 & ! walls divid$ into comp>tm5ts = conta9+ urns4 ,!re w be room 9 ?is limit$ space ( #dj #cj feet1 x is e/imat$1 = hold+ ! rema9s ( #hjjj bodies4 ,! build+ is design$ to be built ( ,ionia r$ s&/one4 ,two imm5se flue *imneys1 "o = v5tilation1 ! o!r = ! furnaces1 ris+ to a height ( #ge feet1 w give "* to ! build+4 ,! front w be set (f ) a h&some por* support$ by ,roman pill>s & approa*$ by a half-circle road-b$1 ov] :i* ! he>se & c>riages c drive up to ! ma9 entrance4 ,! ,mi*igan ,cremation ,association 0 organiz$ at ,detroit on ! #ca/ ( ,m>*1 #ahhf4 ,dr4 ,h4 ,eri*s5 0 *os5 tempor>y *airman1 & ,mr4 ,a4 ,n4 ,l[ secret>y ( ! meet+4 ,! docum5ts ( incorporation 7 sign$4 ,on motion ( ,dr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,c>/5s1 a bo>d ( directors 0 elect$4 ,at ! close ( ! meet+ ! directors met1 & elect$ ! foll[+ (fic]s3 ,presid5t1 ,james ,f4 ,noyes1 ,m4,d42 vice-presid5t1 ,hugo ,eri*s51 ,m4,d42 secret>y1 ,mr4 ,a4 ,n4 ,l[2 treasur]1 ,mr4 ,m4 ,w4 ,field4 ,! treasur] furni%$ a #aj1jjj bond1 z requir$ by ! orig9al agreem5t4 ,! subject ( cremation 0 fir/ agitat$ at ,baltimore1 ,md41 9 ! w9t] ( #ahhd1 by ,dr4 ,g4 ,w4 ,lehmann & ,mr4 ,j4 ,r4 ,r5n\s1 :o 7 also ! orig9ators ( ! cremation company 9 t city4 ,9 #ahhd1 two public meet+s 7 held2 b !y 7 poorly att5d$1 & ! prospects gloomy 9 ! extreme4 ,b ! two advocates ( inc9]ation work$ /eadily on until _! ef=ts 7 cr[n$ ) success4 ,! ,cremation ,cemet]y ,company ( ,baltimore ,city 0 incorporat$ on ! #cj? ( ,m>*1 #ahhe1 ) a capital /ock ( #ae1jjj1 divid$ into #fjj %>es ( ! p> value ( #be p] %>e4 ,at a meet+ ( ! /ockhold]s ! foll[+ (fic]s 7 elect$3 ,b4 ,f4 ,horwitz1 presid5t2 ,j4 ,r4 ,r5n\s1 secret>y2 ,j4 ,w4 ,midd5dorf1 treasur]4 ,! f\nd]s ( ! organization 7 oblig$ to call x 8,cremation ,cemet]y ,co410 to comply ) ! g5]al laws ( ,m>yl& 9 obta9+ ! *>t]4 #ijjj wor? ( /ock has already be5 tak5 up1 & ! company expects to make su* headway t x w be able to build soon4 ,:5 ! ,la ,crosse 7,wiscons97 ,cremation ,society 0 f\nd$ 9 ! middle ( ,octob]1 #ahhe1 ) ,mr4 ,john ,pamp]9 z presid5t1 x resolv$ ^u a full inve/igation ( ! subject ( inc9]ation & appo9t$ a committee to get reports f o!r societies4 ,?is committee hav+ p]=m$ its "w1 a meet+ ( ! committee 0 held at ! resid5ce ( ,mr4 ,gu/av ,c>l1 & ^! reports read1 arrang$1 & discuss$4 ,! report f ,detroit 0 p>ticul>ly exhau/ive4 ,dav5port also furni%$ a report4 ,! cremation society !re _h s5t a repres5tative to ,lanca/]1 ,pa41 :o _h exam9$ ! cremation furnace !re & _h prep>$ a report1 ( :i* ,la ,crosse 0 giv5 ! b5efit4 ,! result ( ! conf]5ce 0 t a resolution 0 adopt$ call+ = a meet+ ( /ockhold]s at an e>ly date = p]man5t organization4 ,! ,la ,crosse ,cremation ,association fil$ articles ( incorporation ) ! secret>y ( /ate on ! #bf? ( ,novemb]1 #ahhe4 ,! purpose ( ! association is to dispose ( human bodies aft] dea?1 by cremation1 & x %all cont9ue its bus9ess = #bj ye>s1 unless ! hold]s ( two-?irds ( ! /ock cons5t to ! dissolution ( ! association4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,pamp]9 is ! presid5t1 ,mr4 ,g4 ,c>l1 secret>y1 & ,mr4 ,j4 ,ulri* ! treasur] ( ! association4 ,a p]son wi%+ to become a memb] ( ?is association may subscribe = "o or m %>es ( #be ea* 7n exce$+ #ej %>es7 ( ! capital /ock ( ! association1 :i* is limit$ to #hjjj4 ,! %>es s subscrib$ %all be paid 9 in/alm5ts4 ,! fir/ in/alm5t mu/ be paid at ! "t ( subscription1 & ! balance 9 in/alm5ts1 z call$ = by ! directors1 )9 "o ye> !reaft]2 b none %all be call$ = until ?ree mon?s aft] ! o!r4 ,if any ( ! subscrib]s %\ld die be=e ! project$ crematorium has be5 erect$1 & ! deceas$ %\ld h express$ a wi% to h 8 body cremat$1 & provision is made by him or 8 family = ! exp5ses incid5t !reto1 ! (fic]s ( ! society %all see t 8 w 9 ?is respect be c>ri$ out at ! ne>e/ conv5i5t crematory4 ,! ,k5tucky ,cremation ,society1 at ,l\isville1 :i* 0 organiz$ 9 ! fall ( #ahhf1 has be5 /eadily gr[+1 & n[ c\nts ab\t #gj memb]s4 ,! subscrib$ capital is suffici5t to buy a lot & comm5ce build+1 & ! society !re=e hopes to h a crematory ready dur+ next ye>4 ,a lic5se 0 issu$ on ,jan4 #b1 #ahhf1 to ,william ,*ri/ian1 ( ! ,*icago ,tribune1 ,elm] ,atk9son1 a lawy]1 & ,david ,hamilton1 a real e/ate deal]1 to build a crematory = ! inc9]ation ( human bodies1 ne> ,*icago1 ,ill9ois4 ,! capital ( ! company :i* !y h organiz$1 & :i* is call$ ! 8,*icago & ,cook ,c\nty ,cremation ,company10 is #dj1jjj4 ,on ,april #f1 #ahhf1 ,dr4 ,o4 ,w4 ,c>lson read a pap] advocat+ cremation1 be=e ! ,academy ( ,m$ic9e1 at ,milwaukee1 ,wis4 ,at ! close ( ! address ! subject 0 discuss$ at "s l5g? by ^? pres5t1 & "s v int]e/+ facts 7 br\ght out4 ,a proposition 0 made t ! ,academy ( ,m$ic9e f\nd a cremation society at ,milwaukee1 &1 ?\gh no action 9 ! matt] 0 tak5 at ! "t1 x is probable t /eps w be tak5 by ! memb]s ) t object 9 view4 ,lately a cremation society 0 organiz$ at ,milwaukee1 t has already secur$ a desirable site ^u a local cemet]y1 & int5ds to erect a crematorium z soon z ! necess>y funds are obta9$4 ,x is propos$ to build a crematory at ,toronto1 ,canada4 ,! pa/ors ( ! lead+ *ur*es1 ^u be+ int]view$1 almo/ unanim\sly express$ _! opposition to cremation4 ,! newspap]s /ate t a crematory w be erect$ at ,atlanta1 ,ga4 ,?is volume w\ld n be complete )\t ! m5tion ( ! ,mod]n ,cremati/1 a mon?ly j\rnal devot$ to ! int]e/s ( inc9]ation1 & publi%$ by ,dr4 ,m4 ,l4 ,davis ( ,lanca/]1 ,pa4 ,! ,neue ,flamme1 a wor?y ,g]man contempor>y1 is publi%$ at ,b]l94 ,my native c\ntry 0 always eag] to embrace des]v+ re=ms2 !re is no reason :y x %\ld n adopt ! sup]ior sy/em ( inc9]ation4 ,nay1 ,i ?9k x w become ! /&>d-be>] ( ?is sanit>y re=mation1 & m>* 9 ! avant-gu>d ( ?is signal progress4 ,! subject ( inc9]ation is already awak5+ mu* int]e/ among u1 z is ev9c$ by a rec5t s]mon ( t em95t ,new ,york div9e1 ,rev4 ,heb] ,newton1 :o spoke /rongly 9 favor ( ! sub/itution ( cremation = sepulture4 ,he said ! mode ( dispos+ ( ! dead human body 0 only a =m1 & t mode 0 be/ :i* 0 be/ = ! liv+4 ,9 ,engl&1 only a few ye>s ago1 a dignit>y ( ! national *ur* d>$ to ass]t t cremation endang]$ ! belief 9 ! life to come4 ,he knew1 or ought to h kn[n1 t ! same process ( combu/ion is surely c>ri$ on1 :e!r 9 ! gr\nd or 9 ! crematory1 & t if dissolution ( ! body imp]il$ ! true doctr9e ( resurrection1 !n t doctr9e 0 long ago hopelessly lo/4 ,^! words f ! lips ( a fam\s ,am]ican prea*] are c]ta9ly pro( t ! antagonism ( ! cl]gy to cremation is wan+4 ,!re are o!r signs ( approa*+ day4 ,i ref] to ! con/ant discussion ( inc9]ation 9 ! columns ( ! daily press1 & to ! fact t cremation 0 lately br\ght to ! att5tion ( ! ,am]ican ,m$ical ,association1 :ile x met at ,/4 ,l\is1 ,mo41 on ! #f? ( ,may4 ,! report ( a special committee1 appo9t$ ! ye> be=e1 0 read by its *airman1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,m4 ,kell]1 ( ,arkansas4 ,! committee mov$ to am5d ! orig9al resolution s z to read3-- ,resolv$1 ,t cremation or inc9]ation ( ! dead has become a sanit>y necessity 9 popul\s cities1 & t ! ,association advises its adoption4 ,! ,association adopt$ ! am5dm5t by a vote ( #aei to #ajf4 ,cremation 0 also endors$ by ! ,am]ican ,public ,heal? ,association at its la/ meet+4 ,i rejoice at ! ?\ght t mo/ writ]s on ! mom5t\s subject ( inc9]ation 7 m$ical m54 ,:o1 inde$1 w\ld be bett] qualifi$ = su* a task ?an ! man :o may daily witness ! p]nici\s effect :i* ! dead ex]cise ov] ! liv+4 ,^? :o are fri5ds ( ! re=m %\ld come out op5ly 9 its favor4 ,cremati/s :o are on ! f5ce1 or :o1 p]haps1 hide back ( x1 might j z well keep out ( ! combat betwe5 cremation & int]m5t altoge!r2 we h no use = !m4 ,if y believe 9 cremation1 c&idly say s1 & tell y\r fri5ds :y y believe 9 x4 ,moral c[>ds d a j cause m h>m ?an good4 ,^? :o h tri$ to propagate ! idea ( cremation 9 an und]h& way h inv>iably fail$2 ! public mu/ be br\ght face to face ) ! "q3 cremation or burial8 ,to spread ! re=m 9 ?is c\ntry1 ,i hope to see1 be=e long1 ! bir? ( an ,am]ican cremation association1 to be compos$ ( delegates f ! v>i\s cremation societies ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!re is already a suffici5t numb] ( societies = ! =mation ( a vigor\s organization ( ! k9d1 t w\ld und\bt$ly aid greatly ! progress ( ! re=m4 ,?is1 !n1 f9i%es :at ,i _h to say ab\t a hygi5ic re=m t w be ! lead+ "o 9 ! latt] "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,!re w be a long & w>m controv]sy be=e ! p w g5]ally ab&on a cu/om ( su* antiquity z e>?-burial2 b cremation w sup]s$e x 9 ! end4 ,! pres5t /yle ( burial does n d any "o any good4 ,on ! contr>y1 x de/roys hundr$s1 p]haps ?\s&s1 ( lives e ye>4 ,a good _m dea?s due to gravey>d gases or wat] contam9ation by cemet]y effluvia escape obs]vation1 s9ce ! real cause ( ! decease is seldom suspect$4 ,inc9]ation1 h[ev]1 does nobody any h>m1 & is 9 accord ) ! humane & progressive _s ( ! age4 ,disadvantages x has none2 & ) ! _m argum5ts 9 its favor1 x _c fail to come out ( ! battle betwe5 tor* & spade victori\s 9 e respect4 ,moreov]1 x has ! g5]\s support ( ! sci5ti/s1 physicians1 & sanit>ians ( ! times1 :i* alone assures success4 ,i close ?is volume ) a pr$iction :i* w soon be realiz$1 namely1 t cremation w make m progress 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ?an 9 any o!r c\ntry ( ! _w4 ,inde$1 ! progression w be s rapid t old ,europe w op5 its eyes wide 9 blank a/oni%m5t1 & wond] h[ x is possible4 ,:5 we ,am]icans once p]ceive ! advantages & sup]iority ( a re=mation1 we d n hesitate long to adopt x2 & ! "t w come :5 inc9]ation w be cu/om>y 9 ! ,union1 & int]m5t obsolete4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,transcrib]',s ,,notes #a4 ,*ang$ #8dur+' to #8dur+ _!' on p4 #age4 #b4 ,sil5tly correct$ typographical errors4 #c4 ,reta9$ ana*roni/ic & non-/&>d spell+s z pr9t$4 #d4 ,enclos$ italics font 9 und]scores4 #e4 ,subscripts are d5ot$ by an und]score be=e a s]ies ( subscript$ *>act]s enclos$ 9 curly braces1 e4g4 ,h#b,o4