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,spot1 dice1 #fah ,royal ,cass9o1 #dhe ,rubicon ,bzique1 #chf ,rubicon ,piquet1 #dge ,rum1 #fhi ,d\ble-pack ,rum1 #fib ,s+le-pack ,rum1 #fhi ,pok] ,g91 #fib ,pok] ,rum1 #fia ,russian ,backgammon1 #fjb ,russian ,bo/on1 #ahc ,san*o ,p$ro1 #ccc ,s>atoga1 #ejg ,scat1 see ,skat1 #dae ,s*nautz1 #bdh ,s*well51 #cgj ,scot* ,:i/1 #aei ,seba/opol1 dom9oes1 #fji ,sell ,out1 #ccj ,set-back ,eu*re1 #bgh ,sev5-h&$ ,eu*re1 #bhd ,sev5-c>d ,cribbage1 #dfb ,sev5-up1 #cbe ,%a/a ,sam1 #ccj ,%ell-out ,pool1 #fcb ,%oot+ ,craps1 #fad ,%ort ,bridge1 #dg ,%[-d[n ,pok]1 #bbi ,%uffle ,bo>d1 #fai ,six-c>d ,cribbage1 #ddd ,six-h& ,bridge1 #ci ,sixty-f\r ,c>d ,b9ocle1 #cge ,sixty-?ree1 c9*1 #cdj ,sixty-six1 #djh ,f\r-h&$1 #dac ,kreutz ,m>iage1 #dac ,?ree-h&$1 #dac ,skat1 #dae1 #dcd ,game ,values1 #dba ,scor+1 #dbg ,illu/rative ,h&s1 #dcb ,skat ,laws1 #dce ,slams1 eu*re1 #bhc ,slobb]hannes1 #cfh ,smudge1 #ccc ,snip-snap-snorem1 #ejb ,snook] ,pool1 #fdi ,snooz]1 #ccd ,solitaires1 #eaj1 #fic1 #fih1 #gjj ,solo1 #dih ,?ree-h&$ ,solo1 #dii ,solo ,:i/1 #add ,spade ,cass9o1 #dhe ,spani% ,monte1 #edb ,spani% ,pool1 #fdi ,speculation1 #eja ,sp91 #ejg ,spoil ,five1 #cab ,spot ,he>ts1 #cee ,/ops1 #ejg ,/raight ,pok]1 #bde ,/ud ,pok]1 #bdf ,sweat1 dice1 #edj ,sweep/ake ,he>ts1 #ceb ,table ,games1 #edd ,table ,/akes1 pok]1 #bbg ,te*nical ,t]ms1 #fgd ,tell+ ,=tunes1 #eac ,t5 ,p9s1 or ,b[l+1 #ffj ,am]ican ,t5 ,p9s1 #ffb ,battle ,game1 #ffe ,cock$ ,hat1 #ffd ,cock$ ,hat ,fea!r1 #ffe 8,don'ts0 = ,play]s1 #ffi ,duck ,p9 ,game1 #ffi ,five ,back1 #ffh ,f\r ,back1 #ffg ,head ,p92 f\r back1 #fff ,head ,p9 ,out1 #ffg ,k9sley ,c&le ,p91 #ffi ,newport ,game1 #ffh ,n9e ,up & ,n9e ,d[n1 #fff ,t5 ,p9s ) ,dice1 #faf ,?ree-c>d ,monte1 #edb ,?irty-"o1 pok]1 #bdh ,?ree-cu%ion ,c>roms1 #fbf ,?ree-h&$ ,auction1 #ce 0 0 ,bzique1 #chb 0 0 ,bridge1 #cf 0 0 ,cribbage1 #dfa 0 0 ,he>ts1 #ced 0 0 ,b9ocle1 #dje 0 0 ,sixty-six1 #dac ,?r[+ ,dice1 #fab ,tr5te et ,qu>ante1 #ecd ,tric-trac1 #eij ,tw5ty-"o ,po9t ,cass9o1 #dhd ,two-h&$ ,bridge1 #cf 0 0 ,he>ts1 #ced ,"u & ov] ,sev51 #edc ,v>ieties ( ,bridge1 #db ,v+t-et-un1 #eag ,v+t-et-un ) ,dice1 #eah ,v9t1 #dic ,:iskey ,pok]1 #bdg ,:i/ ,family ( ,games1 xvii ,:i/1 #fj ,am]ican ,laws1 #ahf ,auction ,bridge1 xxv ,bridge1 xxv1 #bh ,bid ,:i/1 #fhg ,cay5ne ,:i/1 #ach ,*9ese ,:i/1 #ahd ,d\ble ,dummy1 #acj ,dummy1 #abg ,dummy ,laws1 #bjf ,drive ,:i/1 #fhg ,duplicate ,:i/1 #ajj ,engli% ,laws1 #aif ,fav\rite ,:i/1 #ii ,fr5* ,:i/1 #afd ,g]man ,:i/1 #ahc ,humbug ,:i/1 #aca ,memory ,duplicate1 #aaj ,mort1 #acc ,norwegian ,:i/1 #fhh ,probabilities1 #fef ,progressive ,:i/1 #aai ,prussian ,:i/1 #ih ,scot* ,:i/1 #aei ,solo ,:i/1 #add ,text ,books1 #ii ,?irte5 & ! ,odd1 #acb ,:i/ ,family ,laws1 #ahf ,:i/ ,tactics1 #gj ,albany ,lead1 #hf ,am]ican ,game1 #id ,am]ican ,laws1 #ahf ,am]ican ,leads1 #hh ,conv5tional ,plays1 #gj ,des*apelles ,c\ps1 #ia ,disc>d+1 #hj ,disc>d ,signals1 #ij ,e*o 9 ,pla9 ,suits1 #ij ,e*o 9 ,trumps1 #hf ,elev5 ,rule1 #gi ,false ,c>ds1 #ib ,f9ess+1 #ib ,=c+1 #hj ,f\r-signal1 #hf ,f\r?-h& ,play1 #hd ,g5]al ,directions1 #fj ,g5]al ,pr9ciples1 #fh ,high-c>d ,leads1 #gb ,h[ to ,/udy1 #gj ,illu/rative ,h&s1 #ig ,inf]5ces1 #ic ,invit+ a ,ruff1 #hh ,lead]'s ,p>tn]1 #gh ,lead+ ,pla9 ,suits1 #gb ,lead+ ,%ort ,suits1 #ia ,lead+ ,trumps1 #ga ,l[ ,c>d ,leads1 #gd ,l['s ,signal1 #ij ,me?ods ( ,*eat+1 #fg ,me?od ( ,play+1 #fa ,m9neapolis ,lead1 #hi ,p>tn]'s ,duties1 #gh ,plac+ ! ,lead1 #ib ,pla9-suit ,e*o1 #ij ,play+ to ! ,score1 #ib ,return+ ,p>tn]'s ,suits1 #hj ,scor+1 #fd ,second-h& ,play1 #ha ,%ort-suit ,game1 #ia-id ,%ort-suit ,leads1 #gd-fa ,signal ,game1 #he ,/ack+ ,tricks1 #fc ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play1 #fg ,t5ace ,positions1 #ia ,?ird ,h& ,play1 #gh ,trump ,signals1 #he ,unblock+1 #ij ,und]play1 #ia ,us+ ! ,m>k]s1 #ff ,works on ,:i/1 #ii ,wid[ ,b9ocle1 #djh ,wid[ ,c9*1 #cda ,y]la%1 see ,v9t1 #dic ,,introduction4 ,! ^w 8,hoyle0 has gradually come to /& z an abbreviation = an 8,encyclop$ia ( ,indoor ,games40 ,! common expression1 8play$ accord+ to ,hoyle10 usually means 8correctly play$10 or 8play$ accord+ to ! /&>d au?orities40 ,! orig9al ,edmund ,hoyle wrote on v few games1 b 8 "w 0 ! fir/ attempt to put toge!r ! rules = ! mo/ popul> indoor games 9 "o volume4 ,al?\gh ,hoyle di$ m ?an a hundr$ ye>s ago1 8 "w has be5 con/antly add$ to z new games came into vogue1 :i* has l$ _m to believe t he is ! au?ority = games t he nev] he>d (1 su* z p9o*le & pok]4 ,p]sons :o h nev] giv5 ! subject mu* att5tion may be surpris$ to le>n h[ little au?ority !re is = ! rules gov]n+ ! majority ( our popul> games4 ,if we except ! table games1 su* z *ess1 *eck]s1 billi>ds1 backgammon & t5 p9s1 & su* c>d games z :i/1 bridge1 auction1 & skat1 all ( :i* are regulat$ by well-def9$ codes ( laws1 agre$ ^u by associations ( prom95t clubs1 to gov]n *ampion%ip conte/s1 etc41 we h v few games left :i* are n play$ 9 diff]5t ways 9 v>i\s localities4 ,?is is und\bt$ly because su* games are le>nt at ! c>d table & n f books4 ,a p]son :o is %[n a new game _c rememb] all its details1 "s ( :i* may n h be5 expla9$ to him ev54 ,if he tries to tea* x to o!rs :ile 8 k is 9 ?is imp]fect /ate1 he w naturally inv5t rules ( 8 own to cov] ! po9ts he has =gott51 or has nev] le>nt1 usually borr[+ ideas f games ) :i* he is m famili>4 ,! pupils ( su* a tea*] pass on to o!rs ! game ?us imp]fectly le>nt1 & 9 a %ort "t we h a numb] ( corruptions creep+ 91 & ! a/oni%+ "p ( x is ! insi/5ce ) :i* "s p]sons w ma9ta9 t !y alone h ! "r idea ( ! rules1 j because s-&-s %[$ !m ! game1 or because !y & _! imm$iate fri5ds h 8always play$ x t way40 ,?is does n alt] ! fact t ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( e game are kn[n & c be readily f\nd if "o kn[s :]e to look = !m4 ,! au?or is 9 possession ( sev]al hundr$ works 9 v>i\s languages--,engli%1 ,fr5*1 ,g]man & ,italian--on no?+ b indoor games1 compris+ probably ev]y?+ ev] pr9t$ on ! subject t is wor? pres]v+4 ,by trac+ ! hi/ory ( a game & its developm5t ?r\gh ! v>i\s books 9 :i* x is describ$1 ! game w always be f\nd to belong to "s di/9ct family1 :i* has c]ta9 well-def9$ traits :i* mu/ be pres]v$1 no matt] h[ mu* !y may be alt]$ 9 m9or details4 ,all games foll[ c]ta9 g5]al pr9ciples1 & ! sure/ m>k ( error 9 ! local rules ( any game is inconsi/5cy4 ,p9o*le is a /rik+ example ( ?is4 ,9 _m places ! play]s w n all[ ! same c>ds to be c\nt$ twice 9 ! trump sequ5ce1 s z to meld #aij2 b !y w c\nt !m twice 9 f\r k+s & que5s4 ,!y insi/ on ! rule ( at lea/ "o fre% c>d f ! h& = ea* additional meld 9 "o case1 b totally disreg>d x 9 ano!r1 z :5 !y meld #bdj = ! r\nd trip1 in/ead ( only #bbj4 ,^! local errors h crept into _m ( ! ,hoyles n[ ^u ! m>ket1 ! works hav+ probably be5 compil$ f ! individual k ( ! au?or1 limit$ by 8 exp]i5ce 9 a c]ta9 locality4 ,_m ( ^! works devote mu* space to a c]ta9 game1 :i* is evid5tly ! compil]'s pet1 & :i* is accurately describ$2 :ile o!r & equally important games are full ( errors & omissions1 betray+ a lam5table want ( c>e 9 consult+ ! lit]ature ( ! subject4 ,:ile ! au?or ( ?is "w does n believe x possible to compile a "w t %all be univ]sally accept$ z ! au?ority on all games1 z a diction>y w\ld be on spell+1 he deems x at lea/ possible to select :at seems ! mo/ common usage1 or ! be/ rule1 pres]v+ ! true _s ( ! game1 & to describe x accurately & br+ ! :ole up to date4 ,,! ,,:i/ ,,family4 ,! mo/ popul> c>d games ( ! pres5t day und\bt$ly belong to ! :i/ family1 :i* embraces all ^? play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 rank+ f ! ace to ! deuce1 "o suit be+ trumps1 & ! score be+ c\nt$ by tricks & hon\rs1 or by tricks alone4 ,! olde/ & mo/ important ( ! gr\p is :i/ itself4 ,! game appe>s to be ( ,engli% orig91 its imm$iate p>5t be+ 8ruff & hon\rs40 ,?is 0 an old ,engli% game 9 :i* twelve c>ds only 7 dealt to ea* play]1 ! upp]mo/ ( ! rema9+ f\r be+ turn$ up = ! trump suit4 ,:oev] held ! ace ( trumps c\ld 8ruff0 or take 9 ^! f\r c>ds1 disc>d+ 9 _! place any f\r he *ose4 ,z ! game develop$ into :isk1 or :i/1 ?is ruff+ feature disappe>$4 ,!re 0 no /ock1 ! f\r deuces be+ disc>d$ f ! pack in/ead4 ,twelve c>ds 7 dealt to ea* play]1 & ! la/ 0 turn$ up = ! trump4 ,ab\t #afhj a v>iation ( ! game kn[n z 8swabb]s0 came into vogue4 ,! swabb]s 7 ! he>t ace1 club jack1 & ! ace & deuce ( trumps4 ,! play]s to :om ^! c>ds 7 dealt 7 entitl$ to a c]ta9 %>e ( ! /akes or paym5ts1 indep5d5t ( ! play = tricks & hon\rs4 ,?is v>iety ( ! game did n long rema9 9 favor1 b gave way to make room = "o ( ! mo/ important *anges1 ! re/oration ( ! deuces to ! pack1 :i* introduc$ ! feature ( ! odd trick4 ,?is took place e>ly 9 ! la/ c5tury1 & seems to h s mu* improv$ ! game t att5tion 0 soon drawn to its possibilities = sci5tific treatm5t4 ,ab\t ?is "t :i/ 0 tak5 up by a set ( g5tlem5 :o met at ! ,cr[n ,c(fee ,h\se 9 ,b$=d ,r[1 ,london2 *ief among :om 0 ,sir ,jacob de ,b\v]ie1 ,visc\nt ,folke/one4 ,aft] consid]able exp]im5t & practice ?is little :i/ s*ool laid d[n ! pr9ciples ( ! game z be+3 8to play f ! /rong suit2 to /udy ! p>tn]'s h&2 nev] to =ce p>tn] unnecess>ily1 & to att5d to ! score40 ,x is g5]ally believ$ t ,edmond ,hoyle 0 famili> ) ! proce$+s ( ?is set1 & on _! exp]i5ces bas$ 8 celebrat$ 8,%ort ,treatise on ! ,game ( ,:i/10 :i* 0 ent]$ at ,/ation]s' ,hall 9 ,london ,nov4 #ag1 #agdb4 ,! only works previ\s to ,hoyle t\*+ ^u :i/ 7 ! 8,compleat ,game/]0 ( ,cotton1 :i* fir/ appe>$ 9 #afgd1 & ! 8,c\rt ,game/]10 ( ,ri*>d ,seym\r1 #agai4 ,"o ( ,hoyle's great po9ts 0 8 calculation ( ! probabilities at v>i\s /ages ( ! rubb]4 ,?is seems to h be5 look$ ^u z mo/ important 9 guid+ p]sons 9 _! play1 = we f9d t ,abraham de ,moivre1 a fam\s ma!matician1 us$ to frequ5t ! c(fee h\ses1 & = a small fee give decisions on que/ions ( ! odds at :i/4 ,ba? seems to h be5 ! great rally+-po9t = ! :i/-play]s ( ! la/ c5tury2 b ! passion = ! game soon spread all ov] ,europe4 ,9 #agfg ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 w5t to ,p>is1 & x is g5]ally believ$ t he introduc$ ! ,am]ican v>iety ( ! game kn[n z ,bo/on1 :i* became ! rage 9 ,p>is "s "t aft] ! w> ( indep5d5ce4 ,s popul> did :i/ become 9 ,italy t we f9d ! boxes at ! op]a 9 ,flor5ce provid$ ) c>d tables 9 #agij4 ,! music ( ! op]a 0 consid]$ ( value *iefly z1 8increas+ ! joy ( good =tune1 & soo?+ ! affliction ( bad40 ,a code ( laws 0 drawn up ab\t #agfj by ! frequ5t]s ( ,:ite's & ,saund]s' 9 ,london4 ,^! seem to h rema9$ ! /&>d until 8,clebs0 publi%$1 9 #ahea1 ! code 9 use at ! ,portl& ,club4 ,9 #ahfc ,john ,lora9e ,baldw9 got toge!r a committee at ! ,arl+ton1 n[ ! ,turf ,club1 & !y drew up ! code :i* is /ill 9 use all ov] ! _w = ,engli% :i/4 ,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 laws bett] suit$ to ! ,am]ican /yle ( play 7 drawn up by ! ,am]ican ,:i/ ,league 9 #ahia1 & aft] sev]al revisions 7 f9ally adopt$1 9 #ahic1 z ! (ficial code = ,league clubs4 ,! lit]ature ( :i/ saw its palmie/ days at ! beg9n+ ( ?is c5tury4 #g1jjj copies ( ,bob ,%ort's 8,%ort ,rules = ,:i/0 7 sold 9 less ?an a ye>4 ,ma!ws'1 or ,mat!ws'1 8,advice to ! ,"y ,:i/-,play]10 w5t ?r\gh eighte5 editions betwe5 #ahjd & #ahbh4 ,aft] ^! writ]s came ,admiral ,burney1 :o publi%$ 8 8,treatise0 9 #ahba2 ,major ,a4 ,*>les ,b>well ,coles1 gave u 8 8,%ort ,:i/0 9 #ahce4 ,des*apelles publi%$ 8 8,trait du ,:i/e0 9 #ahci1 b x gave little b discussions on ! laws4 8,:i/1 its ,hi/ory & ,practice0 by ,amateur1 appe>$ 9 #ahdc4 ,g5]al de ,vautr's 8,gnie du ,:i/e10 9 #ahdg4 8,clebs0 ,edw>d ,augu/us ,c>lyon wrote 8 8,laws & ,practice0 9 #ahea4 ,!n 9 rapid succession came 8,cav5di%0 9 #ahfc1 ,james ,clay 9 #ahfd1 ,pole & 8,cam0 9 #ahfe4 ,campbell-,walk]'s 8,correct ,c>d0 9 #ahgf2 ,drayson's 8,art ( ,practical ,:i/10 ) its new !ories ( trumps2 ,fi%] ,ames1 8,mod]n ,:i/10 9 #ahgi2 8,:i/1 or ,bumblepuppy80 by 8,pembridge0 ,john ,pet* ,hewby1 9 #ahhj2 ,g4,w4,p4 ,pettes1 9 #ahha2 ,proctor's 8,h[ to ,play ,:i/10 9 #ahhe2 & ! 8,h&book ( ,:i/10 by 8,major ,t5ace10 #ahhe4 ,!n began ! long li/ ( ,am]ican au?ors 7,pettes has already be5 m5tion$73 8,fo/]'s ,:i/ ,manual10 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 appe>$ 9 #ahij2 8,practical ,guide to ,:i/10 by ,fi%] ,ames1 9 #ahia2 ,hamilton's 8,mod]n ,sci5tific ,:i/10 9 #ahid1 & 9 ! same ye>1 ,c(f9's 8,gi/ ( ,:i/10 & 8,fo/]'s ,:i/ ,/rategy40 ,9 #ahie1 ,milton ,c4 ,"w's 8,:i/ ( ,to-day10 & 8,fo/]'s ,:i/ ,tactics10 giv+ ! play 9 ! fir/ mat* by correspond5ce2 & 9 #ahif1 ,val ,/>nes' 8,%ort-suit ,:i/10 & ,h[ell's 8,:i/ ,op5+s40 ,9 #ahig1 ,mit*ell's 8,duplicate ,:i/40 ,9 #ahih1 ,fo/]'s 8,common ,s5se 9 ,:i/10 & 9 #aijj1 ,fi%] ,ames' 8,/&>d ,:i/40 ,s9ce !n :i/ lit]ature has giv5 place to bridge4 ,9 p]iodical lit]ature we f9d :i/ tak5 up 9 ! pages ( ! 8,sport+ ,magaz9e0 9 #agic4 ,! ,london 8,field0 has _h a c>d column s9ce ,decemb] #f1 #ahfb4 ,proctor's "w fir/ appe>$ 9 8,k40 ,! 8,we/m9/] ,pap]s0 devot$ a great deal ( space to :i/ games & 8jott+s0 e mon? = elev5 ye>s1 beg9n+ 9 ,april1 #ahfh4 8,:i/10 a mon?ly j\rnal devot$ exclusively to ! game1 began publication 9 ,milwaukee 9 #ahia2 b gave x up :5 bridge supplant$ :i/ 9 popul> favor4 ,:i/ rapidly became a 8newspap] game40 ,! ,new ,york ,sunday ,sun devot$ two columns e ,sunday to ! discussion & illu/ration ( moot po9ts 9 :i/ tactics1 & ! analysis ( h&s play$ 9 important mat*es4 ,9 a s]ies ( articles begun ,febru>y #bc1 #ahif1 ?is pap] gave to ! _w ! fir/ sy/ematic /atem5t ( ! !ory & practice ( ! %ort suit game4 ,9 #ahih !re 7 at lea/ =ty :i/ columns publi%$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,two magaz9es devot$ to :i/ & bridge are n[ publi%$1 "o 9 ,bo/on & ! o!r 9 ,new ,york4 ,:ile ! p>5t game has be5 pursu+ ?is prosp]\s c\rse1 _m v>iations h be5 introduc$4 ,"o ( ! mo/ radical *anges 9 ! game itself has be5 cutt+ d[n ! po9ts f t5 to five1 :i* occurr$ ab\t #ahaj4 ,ma!ws m5tions x 9 #ahac z hav+ occurr$ s9ce ! publication ( 8 fir/ edition 9 #ahjd1 & ,"l ,pet]bor\gh1 ! unlucky gambl]1 = ^: b5efit ! *ange 0 introduc$1 di$ 9 #ahad4 ,ano!r great *ange took place 9 ,am]ica1 :]e !y play$ = ! tricks alone1 ! hon\rs n be+ c\nt$ at all4 ,turn+ ! trump f ! /ill pack 0 fir/ tri$ by a ,wel% b>onet1 & is m5tion$ by ,s\!y 9 8 8,lett]s ( ,espriella40 ,?is cu/om 0 reviv$ = a "t by ! ,milwaukee ,:i/ ,club1 & is /ill sometimes se5 9 ,europe "u ! "n ( 8,prussian ,:i/40 ,altoge!r we c trace n9ete5 games :i* are cle>ly d]iv$ f :i/4 ,duplicate1 ,drive1 & ,progressive :i/ are simply *anges 9 ! arrangem5t ( ! play]s & 9 ! me?ods ( scor+4 ,prussian :i/ introduces ! cutt+ ( ! trump f ! /ill pack4 ,dummy & ,d\ble-dummy are simply :i/ ) a limit$ numb] ( play]s1 necessitat+ ! exposure ( "o or m h&s ^u ! table4 ,! ,fr5* game ( ,mort is dummy ) a bett] sy/em ( scor+ introduc$4 ,fav\rite ,:i/ simply *anges ! value ( ! tricks 9 scor+1 accord+ to ! trump suit4 ,cay5ne & ,bridge introduce ! fir/ *anges ( importance4 ,9 ,cay5ne1 ! deal] & 8 p>tn] h ! privilege ( *ang+ ! trump f ! suit turn$ up2 9 ,bridge !y "n ! trump suit )\t any turn-up1 & play ! h&s z at dummy4 ,9 ,bo/on1 & ,bo/on de ,fonta9ebleau1 9 addition to mak+ ! trump suit in/ead ( turn+ x up1 fur!r dep>tures are introduc$ by nam+ ! numb] ( tricks to be play$ =1 all[+ ! play] to take all or none )\t any trump suit1 & by #8spread+' c]ta9 h&s1 )\t all[+ ! adv]s>ies to call ! expos$ c>ds4 ,fr5* & ,russian ,bo/on are simply v>ieties ( ,bo/on4 ,solo ,:i/ is an attempt to simplify ,bo/on by r$uc+ ! numb] ( proposals & ! complications ( paym5ts1 & elim9at+ ! feature ( #8spreads4' ,scot* ,:i/ introduces a special object 9 addition to w9n+ tricks--cat*+ ! t5 ( trumps2 t c>d & ! hon\rs hav+ p>ticul> values atta*$ to !m4 ,?is v>iety ( :i/ may be play$ by any numb] ( p]sons f two to eight2 & its peculi>ity is t :5 a small numb] play1 ea* has sev]al di/9ct h&s1 :i* mu/ be play$ 9 regul> ord]1 z if held by diff]5t play]s4 ,humbug ,:i/ is a v>iety ( d\ble-dummy1 9 :i* ! play]s may ex*ange _! h&s = ^? dealt to ! dummies1 & ! deal] may sometimes make ! trump to suit himself4 ,g]man ,:i/ is play$ by two p]sons1 & introduces ! elem5t ( repl5i%+ ! h& aft] ea* trick by draw+ c>ds f ! rema9d] ( ! pack until ! /ock is exhau/$4 ,*9ese ,:i/ is d\ble-dummy = two1 ?ree1 or f\r p]sons1 only half ( ea* play]'s c>ds be+ expos$1 ! o!rs be+ turn$ up z ! expos$ c>ds are got rid ( 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,all ^! v>ieties h be5 entirely supplant$ & ov]%ad[$ by bridge4 ,:5 !y play :i/ at all1 ! ,engli% ?9k !re is no?+ bett] ?an ! orig9al :i/1 c\nt+ hon\rs1 & play+ to ! score4 ,! ,am]icans ?9k ,duplicate sup]ior to all o!r =ms1 especially :5 two tables are engag$1 & f\r play]s are oppos$ by f\r o!rs = a specifi$ numb] ( deals4 ,we are incl9$ to agree ) ,clay t ! ,fr5* game ( ,mort is 8*>m+ & highly sci5tific40 ,he says ,engli% dummy is a 8v sl[ game40 ,:e!r x is because ! game has be5 f\nd #8sl[1' or because its m attractive =ms are little kn[n1 x is c]ta9ly true t writ]s on :i/ pay little or no att5tion to dummy4 ,! ,engli% au?ors m5tion x only 9 connection ) laws & decisions4 ,no ,am]ican text-book makes any allusion to ! game1 & !re is no ref]5ce to x 9 ! ,am]ican ,:i/ ,league's code ( laws4 ,9 ! fir/ edition ( ?is "w1 writt5 9 #ahie1 ! au?or v5tur$ to prophesy t ! day 0 n f> di/ant :5 dummy w\ld sup]s$e all o!r v>ieties ( :i/ among ! mo/ exp]t play]s2 ei!r 9 ! =m ( ! *>m+ ,mort or ! fasc9at+ ,bridge4 ,v few p]sons :o h play$ ei!r ( ^! games suffici5tly to appreciate _! beauties c>e to return to ! platitudes ( /raight :i/4 ,at t "t1 bridge 0 unkn[n 9 ,am]ica except to ! memb]s ( ,! ,:i/ ,club ( ,new ,york & _! fri5ds4 ,9 ! %ort space ( t5 ye>s x has become ! c>d game ( ! _w2 b 9 spite ( its pres5t popul>ity x has its defects1 & x w\ld n be surpris+ to see its place usurp$ by ano!r game1 n a memb] ( ! :i/ family1 :i* has be5 /eadily ga9+ gr\nd among ^? :o h ! intellectual capacity = c>d games ( ! highe/ class1 & t is skat4 ,! fir/ text-book on bridge 0 a little leaflet pr9t$ 9 ,engl& 9 #ahhf1 :i* gave ! rules = 8,birit*1 or ,russian ,:i/40 8,boax0 came out ) a little 8,pocket ,guide0 9 #ahid1 foll[$ by 8,! ,laws ( ,bridge0 9 #ahie4 ,! ,:i/ ,club ( ,n4,y4 publi%$ ! ,am]ican laws ( bridge 9 #ahig1 & 8,badswor?0 came out ) ! ,engli% laws 9 #ahih4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1 #ahii1 ,ar*ibald ,dunn1 ,jr41 gave u 8,bridge & ,h[ to ,play ,x10 & ,john ,doe publi%$ 8,bridge ,conv5tions10 ,a4,g4 ,hulme-,beaman's 8,bridge = ,beg9n]s0 appe>+ 9 ! same ye>4 ,9 #aijj1 8,fo/]'s ,bridge ,manual0 appe>$ 9 ,am]ica1 repr9t$ 9 ,engl& "u ! title ( 8,fo/] on ,bridge40 ,9 ! ye>s foll[+1 text-books on bridge came f ! press by ! doz51 ! mo/ notable au?ors be+ ,dalton & 8,hellespont0 9 #aija2 ,elwell & ,rob]tson 9 #aijb2 ,/reet & ,li/] 9 #aijc4 ,_m ( ! writ]s already m5tion$ publi%$ lat] & m complete works1 embody+ ! results ( "t & exp]i5ce4 ,fo/]'s ,self-play+ ,bridge ,c>ds 7 br\ght out 9 #aijc4 ,elwell's 8,advanc$ ,bridge0 appe>$ 9 #aijd & ,fo/]'s 8,complete ,bridge0 9 #aije4 ,:ile bridge has nev] be5 su* a popul> 8newspap] game0 z :i/ 0 9 ,am]ica1 x has be5 mu* m s 9 ,engl&4 ,articles on bridge1 = beg9n]s *iefly1 7 publi%$ 9 #aije & #aijf by ! ,san ,francisco ,call1 ,pittsburgh ,po/ ,despat*1 ,c9c9nati ,comm]cial ,tribune1 ,*icago ,j\rnal1 ,/4 ,paul ,despat*1 ,milwaukee ,j\rnal1 ,baltimore ,am]ican1 ,h\/on ,po/1 ,indianapolis ,/>1 & ! ,n4,y4 ,globe4 ,^! 7 all edit$ by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]4 ,bridge ,t\rnam5ts1 (f]+ prizes = ! be/ play ( c]ta9 h&s 7 run by ! ,n4,y4 ,ev5+ ,telegram1 ! ,n4,y4 ,globe1 ! ,n4,y4 ,ev5+ ,mail1 & ! ,*icago ,j\rnal4 ,a numb] ( ! weekly magaz9es (f] simil> competitions 9 ,engl&1 b z a rule ! problems 9 t c\ntry are ( v poor quality4 ,ab\t #aiaj x became ! fa%ion n to play spades1 x be+ consid]$ a wa/e ( "t to play a h& = su* a small am\nt z #b po9ts a trick1 s ! deal] 0 all[$ to score #b = ! odd & #d = hon\rs1 reg>dless ( h[ ! c>ds 7 di/ribut$1 ! h& be+ ab&on$4 ,! objection to ?is practice 0 t _m h&s 7 wor? mu* m ?an #b po9ts1 & 9 "s cases ! spade make w\ld h gone game at ! score4 ,?is l$ to ! practice ( play+ 8royal spades10 :i* 7 play$ at #aj & !n at #i a trick1 sometimes ) a p5alty ( #bj if ! decl>] fail$ to make ! odd4 ,%ortly aft] ?is1 lat] 9 #aiaj1 !re develop$ a decid$ rebellion aga9/ ! deal]'s monopoly ( ! make1 & 9 ord] to all[ any play] at ! table :o held good c>ds to get ! b5efit ( !m1 :e!r he 0 ! deal] or n1 bidd+ = ! privilege ( mak+ ! trump came into vogue4 ,?is 0 ! />t+ po9t ( auction1 its *ief diff]5ce f ! old] game be+ t only ! side t made ! highe/ bid = ! decl>ation c\ld score t[>d game4 ,! full numb] ( tricks bid _h to be made1 & if !y 7 n made1 ! adv]s>ies scor$ 9 ! hon\r column = p5alties1 ! p5alty be+ always ! same1 reg>dless ( ! trump suit4 ,! great disp>ity 9 ! values ( ! suits z !n play$ practically conf9$ ! bidd+ to ! he>ts & royal spades4 ,?is soon br\ght ab\t ano!r *ange1 :i* 0 to raise ! values ( all ! suits except spades & to cut d[n ! no-trump]4 ,?is 0 done 9 #aiab1 & made x possible = any suit to g game on ! h&4 ,all ! well kn[n writ]s on :i/ & bridge came out ) text-books on auction1 & ! newspap]s took up ! subject 9 weekly articles4 ,al?\gh to _m ! game n[ seem$ p]fect1 !re 7 ^? t felt ! helplessness ( weak h&s to (f] any def5ce 9 ! bidd+ aga9/ a run ( no-trump]s or he>ts & royals4 ,to rem$y ?is1 ,f4,c4 ,?waites ( ! ,milwaukee ,:i/ ,club sugge/$ ! introduction ( ! nullo4 ,?is 0 a bid to lose tricks1 at no trump only1 & its value 0 to be m9us #aj1 t is1 x 0 to be outrank$ only by a no-trump] to w94 ,at fir/1 ?is bid 0 l>gely us$ simply z an additional game-go+ decl>ation1 & 0 /rongly object$ to by _m lead+ play]s4 ,b z its true place z a def5sive bid became bett] und]/ood x soon came into fav\r4 ,9 ! nullo !re are no hon\rs1 & ! decl>] scores ! tricks ov] ! book made by 8 oppon5ts1 :i* he =ces !m to take4 ,_m int]e/+ c>d problems h be5 built ^u ! nullo4 ,t[>d ! end ( #aiac /ill ano!r *ange seems to h sugge/$ itself to "s ( ! ,engli% play]s :o 7 famili> ) ! ,russian game ( v9t1 & t is to play auction j z x is play$ up to ! po9t ( ! lead to ! fir/ trick1 b t no dummy is expos$1 ! f\r play]s hold+ up _! c>ds & foll[+ suit j z !y w\ld at :i/4 ,:e!r or n ?is game w ev] become z popul> z ! comb9ation ( deal] & dummy1 x is difficult to say1 b appe>ances are aga9/ x4 ,!re seems to be a gr[+ t5d5cy 9 ,am]ica to adopt ! ,engli% rule ( cutt+ out ! spade suit at #b a trick1 & mak+ x always a royal spade1 wor? #i4 ,! deal] is all[$ to pass )\t mak+ a bid1 ! l[e/ call be+ "o club4 ,if all pass1 ! deal goes to ! left4 ,,bridge4 ,!re are two pr9cipal v>ieties ( ?is game2 /raight bridge1 9 :i* ! deal] or 8 p>tn] mu/ make ! trump1 _! oppon5ts hav+ no?+ to say ab\t x except to d\ble ! value ( ! tricks4 ,! deal]'s p>tn] is always ! dummy1 & ei!r side may score t[>d game by mak+ ! odd trick or m4 ,auction bridge1 9 :i* ! privilege ( mak+ ! trump is bid =1 ! highe/ bidd] play+ ! h& ) 8 p>tn] z dummy1 reg>dless ( ! position ( ! deal1 & 8 side be+ ! only "o t c score t[>d game1 ! adv]s>ies scor+ no?+ b p5alties 9 ! hon\r column if !y defeat ! contract4 ,z ?is is ! m popul> =m ( bridge at ! pres5t "t1 x w be giv5 fir/4 ,s9ce ! adoption ( ! high] value = ! spade suit "u ! "n ( royal spades1 & ! *ange 9 ! value ( ! suits1 ! game gradually came to be kn[n z royal auction1 b z t *ange is n[ univ]sal1 ! "n has slipp$ back to its orig9al title4 ,,auction ,,bridge1 ,,or ,,auction4 ,,c>ds4 ,auction is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 rank+ ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b1 ! ,ace be+ ! highe/ 9 play1 b rank+ bel[ ! deuce 9 cutt+4 ,two packs %\ld be us$1 ! "o be+ %uffl$ :ile ! o!r is dealt4 ,,m>k]s suitable = scor+ ! v>i\s po9ts made at ,bridge h n yet be5 inv5t$4 ,"s p]sons use ! bzique m>k]2 b x is n a success4 ,! score is usually kept on a %eet ( pap]1 & x %\ld be put d[n by ea* side1 = purposes ( v]ification4 ,,play]s4 ,auction is play$ by f\r p]sons1 & ! table is complete ) t numb]4 ,:5 !re are m ?an f\r c&idates = play1 ! selection ( ! f\r is made by cutt+4 ,^! cut aga9 = p>tn]s1 & ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,,cutt+4 ,! usual me?od ( cutt+ = p>tn]s1 etc41 at auction1 is to %uffle ! c>ds ?or\ghly1 & 8spread0 !m face d[nw>ds on ! table2 ea* c&idate draw+ a c>d1 & turn+ x face upw>ds 9 front ( him4 ,! f\r cutt+ ! l[e/ c>ds play+ ! fir/ game1 or rubb]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,spread+ ,,! ,,pack4 ,! f\r hav+ be5 select$1 ! c>ds are aga9 %uffl$ & spread1 & p>tn]s are cut =2 ! two l[e/ pair+ aga9/ ! two highe/2 ! l[e/ ( ! f\r is ! deal]1 & has ! *oice ( c>ds & seats4 ,,ties4 ,z betwe5 c>ds ( equal value 9 cutt+1 ! he>t is ! l[e/1 diamonds next1 !n clubs & !n spades4 ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,play]s4 ,! f\r play]s at ! bridge table are indicat$ by lett]s2 ,a & ,b are p>tn]s aga9/ ,y & ,z2 ,z always repres5ts ! deal]1 :o always makes ! fir/ bid1 ,a be+ ! second bidd]1 ,y ! ?ird & ,b ! f\r?4 ,illu/ration3 ----- ,y ,a ,b ,z ----- ,,deal+4 ,! c>ds hav+ be5 prop]ly %uffl$ ! deal]1 ,z1 pres5ts !m to ! pone1 ,b1 to be cut4 ,at lea/ f\r c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,beg9n+ at 8 left1 ! deal] di/ributes ! c>ds "o at a "t 9 rotation until ! pack is exhau/$4 ,:5 two packs are us$1 ! deal]'s p>tn] %uffles "o :ile ! o!r is dealt1 & ! deal passes 9 regul> rotation to ! left until ! rubb] is f9i%$4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,! ,,deal4 ,if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 or if ! pack is incorrect or imp]fect1 ! deal] mu/ deal aga94 ,if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 or is expos$ 9 any mann]2 or if m ?an ?irte5 c>ds are dealt to any play]1 or if ! la/ c>d does n come 9 its regul> ord] to ! deal]1 or if ! pack has n be5 cut1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,att5tion mu/ be call$ to a deal out ( turn1 or ) ! wrong c>ds1 be=e ! la/ c>d is dealt1 or ! deal /&s4 ,!re are no misdeals 9 auction4 ,t is to say1 :atev] happ5s ! same deal] deals aga94 ,m9or irregul>ities w be f\nd provid$ = 9 ! laws4 ,! c>ds be+ dealt1 ea* play] sorts 8 h& to see t he has ! correct numb]1 ?irte52 & ! play] or play]s keep+ ! score %\ld ann\nce x at ! beg9n+ ( ea* h&4 ,,/akes4 ,9 auction1 ! /ake is a unit1 s mu* a po9t4 ,! numb] ( po9ts won or lo/ on ! rubb] may be only two or ?ree1 or !y may run into ! hundr$s4 ,! av]age value ( a rubb] at auction is ab\t #djj po9ts4 ,any mu* l>g] figure %[s bad bidd+4 ,9 /raight bridge ! av]age is ab\t #ahj4 ,9 settl+ at ! end ( ! rubb]1 x is usual = ea* los+ play] to pay 8 "r-h& adv]s>y4 ,,mak+ ,,! ,,trump4 ,9 auction1 ! deal] beg9s by nam+ any "o ( ! f\r suits1 or no trumps1 = any numb] ( tricks he pleases4 ,ea* play] 9 turn to ! left !n has ! privilege ( pass+1 bidd+ high]1 or d\bl+4 ,:5 ?ree play]s pass a bid1 x is ! highe/ made & is kn[n z ! ,w9n+ ,decl>ation or ,contract4 ,9 ord] to und]/& ! pr9ciples t gov]n ! play]s 9 _! decl>ations1 "o %\ld be ?or\ghly famili> ) ! values atta*$ to ! tricks :5 c]ta9 suits are trumps4 ,! fir/ six tricks tak5 by ! side t has made ! w9n+ decl>ation d n c\nt4 ,?is is ! 8book10 b all ov] ! book c\nt t[>d mak+ good on ! contract1 accord+ to ! foll[+ table3 ,:5 ,spades are trumps1 ea* trick c\nts #b po9ts4 0 ,clubs 0 0 0 0 0 #f 0 0 ,diamonds 0 0 0 0 0 #g 0 0 ,he>ts 0 0 0 0 0 #h 0 0 ,royal ,spades 0 0 0 0 0 #i 0 0 !re are no trumps1 0 0 0 #aj 0 ,! game is #cj po9ts1 :i* mu/ be made by tricks alone1 s t ?ree ov] ! book1 call$ ?ree 8by c>ds10 w g game f love at no trump1 or f\r by c>ds at he>ts or royals4 ,^! are call$ ! ,major or ,w9n+ ,suits4 ,z x takes five by c>ds to g game 9 clubs or diamonds1 & on acc\nt ( ! difficulty ( su* an und]tak+1 ^! are call$ ! ,m9or or ,los+ ,suits4 ,an orig9al bid ( "o spade c be made only by ! deal]1 & x simply means1 8,i pass40 ,t is1 ! deal] has no?+ to decl>e on ! fir/ r\nd ( ! bidd+4 ,see note at foot ( page #eh4 ,,rank ,,( ,,! ,,bids4 ,9 ord] to ov]-call a previ\s bid1 :e!r ( ! p>tn] or ! oppon5t1 ! bidd] mu/ und]take to w9 ! same numb] ( tricks 9 a suit ( high] value1 or a great] numb] ( tricks hav+ ! same aggregate value z ! prec$+ bid4 ,play]s %\ld re/rict !mselves to ! same =m ( expression ?r\gh\t1 & all bids1 ev5 pass+1 mu/ be made orally & n by ge/ure4 ,let u suppose ?is to be ! bidd+3 ,! deal]1 ,z1 beg9s ) 8,"o spade10 second play]1 ,a1 says1 8,i pass10 or simply1 8,no40 ,?ird bidd]1 ,y1 says1 8,"o club10 f\r? play]1 ,b1 8,no trump40 ,! deal]1 />t+ on ! second r\nd1 says1 8,two clubs10 support+ 8 p>tn]'s decl>ation4 ,next play]1 ,a1 :o pass$ ! fir/ "t1 says1 8,two royals40 ,bo? ,y & ,b pass1 b ! deal]1 ,z1 says1 8,?ree clubs40 ,obs]ve t :ile ?ree clubs is wor? no m ?an two royals1 #ah1 ! club bid (f]s to w9 m tricks ?an ! royals & !re=e ranks z a high] bid4 ,a d\bles ?ree clubs4 ,y passes & ,b says1 8,two no trumps40 ,z w be expla9$ pres5tly1 d\bl+ does n affect ! value ( ! decl>ation 9 bidd+1 s two no trumps1 wor? #bj1 ov]-calls ?ree clubs4 ,z1 ,a & ,y all pass1 s two no trumps becomes ! w9n+ decl>ation & ,b is ! decl>]1 ,a be+ ! dummy1 ) ,z to lead = ! fir/ trick4 ,9 ?is example1 _h ! bid be5 left at ?ree clubs1 d\bl$ or n1 t w\ld h be5 ! w9n+ decl>ation1 & ! p>tn] :o fir/ nam$ t suit1 ,y1 w\ld be ! decl>]1 ,z be+ ! dummy1 al?\gh ,z actually made ! highe/ bid4 ,x is only :5 ! two play]s t h bo? nam$ ! w9n+ suit are n p>tn]s t ! high] bidd] becomes ! decl>]4 ,,d\bl+4 ,no play] may d\ble 8 p>tn]1 b he may r$\ble an oppon5t :o has d\bl$4 ,all d\bl+ mu/ be /rictly 9 turn1 l any o!r bid4 ,d\bl+ does n affect ! value ( ! bids1 b simply d\bles ! value ( ! tricks or p5alties :5 !y are scor$ at ! end ( ! h&4 ,suppose ,a bids two royals & ,y d\bles4 ,b c take ,a out ) ?ree clubs1 because1 s f> z ! bidd+ goes1 two royals are /ill wor? only #ah4 ,any ov]-call annuls ! d\ble1 or r$\ble4 ,suppose ,a says two he>ts1 ,y d\bles1 ,b r$\bles1 & ,z says two royals4 ,! d\bl+ is all knock$ out1 & if ,a 7 to g ?ree he>ts & get ! contract1 he>ts w\ld be wor? only #h a trick 9 ! scor+ unless ,y d\bl$ all ov] aga94 ,a d\ble reop5s ! bidd+1 j ! same z any o!r decl>ation1 all[+ ! play]'s p>tn]1 or ! play] himself 9 8 turn1 to take himself out ( ! d\ble by bidd+ some?+ else4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,decl>+4 ,if any play] decl>es out ( turn1 ei!r 9 bidd+ a suit or 9 d\bl+1 ei!r oppon5t may dem& a new deal1 or may all[ ! decl>ation s made to /&1 9 :i* case ! next play] to ! left mu/ bid1 j z if ! decl>ation _h be5 9 turn4 ,if a play] pass out ( turn !re is no p5alty1 & ! play] ^: turn x 0 mu/ decl>e himself4 ,! play] :o has pass$ out ( 8 prop] turn may re-ent] ! bidd+ if ! decl>ation he pass$ has be5 ov]-call$ or d\bl$4 ,if a play] makes an insuffici5t or impossible decl>ation1 ei!r adv]s>y may call att5tion to x4 ,suppose ! la/ bid is ?ree royals1 & ! next play] says f\r clubs4 ,?is is n en\gh1 z ?ree royals is wor? #bg & f\r clubs only #bd4 ,unless ! play] 9 error correct himself at once1 & make x five clubs1 ei!r adv]s>y may dem& t x be five clubs1 & ! p>tn] ( ! correct$ play] _c bid unless ?is five-club bid is ov]-call$ or d\bl$4 ,a play] correct+ himself mu/ /ick to ! suit nam$1 n be+ all[$ to say f\r diamonds :5 he sees t f\r clubs is n en\gh4 ,if an insuffici5t decl>ation is pass$ or ov]-call$ by ! play] on ! left1 x is too late to dem& any p5alty1 & ! insuffici5t bid /&s z regul>4 ,suppose ,a bids ?ree royals & ,y says f\r clubs1 ,b & ,z pass+4 ,a c repeat 8 bid ( ?ree royals if he likes1 z t is en\gh to ov]-call f\r clubs4 ,if a play] makes an impossible decl>ation1 su* z call+ six diamonds ov] five no trumps1 :5 x is cle>ly impossible to make any diamond decl>ation wor? #ej1 ei!r adv]s>y may dem& a new deal1 or may insi/ t ! la/ bid made by 8 own side1 five no trumps1 %all be ! w9n+ decl>ation1 or he may =ce ! play] 9 error to decl>e a gr& slam 9 diamonds & play x1 8 p>tn] be+ =bidd5 to take him out4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! w9n+ decl>ation settl$1 :e!r d\bl$ or n1 ! play] on ! left ( ! decl>] leads = ! fir/ trick1 & dummy's c>ds g d[n1 ! decl>] play+ ! comb9$ h&s4 ,! decl>] ga!rs ! tricks = 8 side1 b ei!r adv]s>y may ga!r = ! o!r4 ,! fir/ six tricks tak5 by ! decl>] make a book1 & all ov] ! book c\nt t[>d 8 contract4 ,! adv]s>ies h a book z soon z !y rea* ! limit ( ! tricks !y may w9 )\t 8sett+0 ! contract4 ,if ! contract is f\r he>ts1 ! decl>] mu/ w9 t5 tricks1 s t 8 oppon5ts h a book :5 !y get home ?ree tricks4 ,all tricks %\ld be laid s t !y may be readily c\nt$ by any play] at ! table4 ,,dummy4 ,until a c>d is l$ by ! prop] play]1 ! decl>]'s p>tn] has all ! rights ( any o!r play]1 b z soon z ! play] to ! left ( ! decl>] leads & dummy's c>ds are laid on ! table1 dummy's duties & rights are re/rict$ to ! foll[+3 ,he may call att5tion to few c>ds play$ to a trick2 correct an improp] claim ( ei!r adv]s>y2 call att5tion to a trick tak5 by ! wrong side2 ask 8 p>tn] if he h none ( a suit to :i* he r5\nces2 correct an errone\s score2 consult ) ! decl>] z to :i* p5alty to exact = a revoke2 &1 if he has n int5tionally ov]look$ ! h& ( ano!r play]1 he may call 8 p>tn]'s att5tion to an e/abli%$ revoke made by ! adv]s>ies1 or to a c>d expos$ by !m or a lead out ( turn made by !m4 ,! ,revoke4 ,%\ld a play] fail to foll[ suit :5 able to d s1 x is a revoke1 & ! revoke is e/abli%$ :5 ! trick 9 :i* x occurs is turn$ d[n & quitt$ by ! side t won x1 or :5 ! revok+ play]1 or 8 p>tn]1 9 8 "r turn or o!rwise1 has l$ or play$ to ! foll[+ trick4 ,if a play] ask 8 p>tn] if he has none ( ! suit l$1 be=e ! trick is turn$ d[n1 ! revoke may be correct$1 unless ! play] 9 error replies 9 ! negative1 or has l$ or play$ to ! next trick4 ,dummy _c revoke "u any circum/ances4 ,! p5alty = ! revoke dep5ds on ! side 9 error4 ,if ! decl>] revokes he _c score any?+ b hon\rs z actually held1 :ile ! adv]s>ies take #ajj po9ts p5alty 9 ! hon\r column1 9 addition to any !y may be entitl$ to = defeat+ ! decl>ation4 ,if an adv]s>y revokes1 !y score hon\rs only1 & ! decl>] may ei!r take ! #ajj po9ts1 or he may take ?ree actual tricks & add !m to 8 own4 ,if he takes ! tricks1 !y may aid him 9 fulfill+ 8 contract1 z ! score is !n made up z ! tricks lie1 b ! decl>] w n be entitl$ to any bonus 9 case he 0 d\bl$4 ,suppose ,z is ! decl>]1 & is play+ ?ree he>ts d\bl$4 ,he w9s ! odd trick only1 b detects a revoke1 = :i* he takes ?ree tricks4 ,?is gives him f\r by c>ds1 d\bl$1 wor? #fd po9ts t[>d game1 b he does n get any bonus = mak+ 8 contract aft] be+ d\bl$1 or = ! extra tricks1 because !y 7 tak5 9 p5alty & n 9 play4 ,expos$ ,c>ds4 ,aft] ! deal b be=e ! w9n+ decl>ation is settl$1 if any play] exposes a c>d 8 p>tn] is b>r$ f bidd+ or d\bl+1 & ! c>d is subject to call4 ,%\ld ! p>tn] ( ! (f5d+ play] prove to be ! lead] to ! fir/ trick1 ! decl>] may prohibit ! initial lead ( ! expos$ suit4 ,all c>ds expos$ by ! decl>]'s adv]s>ies aft] ! orig9al lead are liable to be call$ & mu/ be left on ! table1 face upw>d4 ,expos$ c>ds are ^? play$ two at a "t1 dropp$ on ! table face up1 or s held t ! p>tn] might see !m1 or c>ds m5tion$ z be+ 9 ! h& ( ! play] or 8 p>tn]4 ,! decl>] is n liable to any p5alty = expos$ c>ds4 ,lead+ ,out ( ,turn4 ,if ei!r adv]s>y leads out ( turn1 ! decl>] may call ! c>d expos$1 or call a suit :5 x is ! turn ( ei!r adv]s>y to lead4 ,if ! decl>] leads out ( turn1 f 8 own h& or dummy's1 !re is no p5alty1 b he may n correct ! error unless direct$ to d s by an adv]s>y4 ,if ! second h& plays to ! false lead1 x mu/ /&4 ,if ! decl>] plays f 8 own h& or f dummy to a false lead1 ! trick /&s4 ,9 case ! deal] calls a suit & ! play] has none1 ! p5alty is paid4 ,c>ds ,play$ 9 ,error4 ,if any play] b dummy omits to play to a trick1 & does n correct ! error until he has play$ to ! next trick1 ! o!r side may claim a new deal4 ,if ! deal /&s1 ! surplus c>d at ! end is suppos$ to belong to ! %ort trick1 b is n a revoke4 ,,object ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! object 9 auction is = ! decl>] to fulfil 8 contract1 & = ! adv]s>ies to defeat x4 ,! highe/ c>d play$ to ! trick1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,at ! end ( ! h& ! decl>] c\nts up ! tricks he has won ov] ! book & if he has made good on 8 contract he scores ! value ( ^? tricks t[>d game4 ,z soon z ei!r side rea*es #cj1 x is a game1 b ! h&s are play$ out1 & all ! tricks c\nt$4 ,,rubb]s4 ,?ree games1 #cj po9ts or m ea*1 make a rubb]1 b if ! fir/ two are won by ! same p>tn]s ! ?ird game is n play$4 ,! side t fir/ w9s two games adds #bej rubb] po9ts to its score4 ,,scor+4 ,ap>t f ! game score1 :i* is made entirely by tricks won on successful decl>ations1 !re are sev]al additional scores t h no influ5ce 9 w9n+ or los+ ! game1 al?\gh !y may mat]ially affect ! ultimate value ( ! rubb]4 ,^! are all ent]$ "u ! head ( 8hon\r scores10 or 8above ! l9e40 ,hon\rs are ! five highe/ c>ds 9 ! trump suit1 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj2 :5 !re is no trump1 !y are ! f\r ,aces4 ,! p>tn]s hold+ ?ree1 f\r or five hon\rs betwe5 !m1 or f\r hon\rs 9 "o h&1 or f\r 9 "o h& & ! fif? 9 ! p>tn]'s1 or all five 9 "o h&1 are entitl$ to claim & score !m1 accord+ to ! foll[+ table4 ,x w be se5 t _! value v>ies accord+ to ! trump suit2 & x mu/ be rememb]$ t ?is value _c be increas$ by d\bl+4 ,,table ,,( ,,hon\r ,,values4 ,royal spades are indicat$ by 8,r40 ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,decl>ation ,r ,no trump ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,ea* ,trick ,above #f #b #f #g #h #i #aj ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,h #c ,hon\rs #d #ab #ad #af #ah #cj ,o #d ,hon\rs #h #bd #bh #cb #cf #dj ,n #d ,hon\rs 7,all 9 #a h&7 #af #dh #ef #fd #gb #ajj ,o #e ,hon\rs #aj #cj #ce #dj #de ,u #e ,hon\rs 7#d 9 #a h&7 #ah #ed #fc #gb #ha ,r #e ,hon\rs 7,all 9 #a h&7 #bj #fj #gj #hj #ij ,s ,rubb] #bej1 ,gr& ,slam #dj1 ,little ,slam #bj4 ,:5 "o side has no?+ b ! odd hon\r1 ?ree out ( ! five1 x is call$ simple hon\rs4 ,! value ( simple hon\rs is always ! same z two tricks4 ,slams4 ,little ,slam is made by tak+ twelve ( ! ?irte5 tricks2 x c\nts #bj po9ts4 ,gr& ,slam is made by tak+ ! ?irte5 tricks1 & x c\nts #dj4 ,ei!r score mu/ be exclusive ( revoke p5alties4 ,,p5alties4 ,if ! decl>] succe$s 9 mak+ 8 contract1 he scores bel[ ! l9e = tricks & above ! l9e = hon\rs accord+ to ! table ( values already giv51 & he scores = z _m tricks z he w9s1 reg>dless ( ! small] numb] he may h bid4 ,b if ! decl>] fails to make good on 8 contract he scores no?+ b hon\rs z actually held1 :ile 8 adv]s>ies score #ej po9ts p5alty 9 ! hon\r column = e trick by :i* ! decl>ation falls %ort1 no matt] :at ! decl>ation 01 b !y nev] score any?+ t[>d game1 no matt] h[ _m tricks !y w91 because !y are n ! decl>]s4 ,!y may1 h[ev]1 score slams4 ,if we suppose ! w9n+ decl>ation to be ?ree he>ts1 & ! decl>] makes ! odd trick only1 hold+ simple hon\rs1 he scores #af above ! l9e1 :ile ! o!r side scores #ajj po9ts above ! l9e = defeat+ ! contract by two tricks1 wor? #ej ea*4 ,if ! deal] is left 9 ) "o spade1 he _c lose m ?an #ajj po9ts1 ev5 if he is d\bl$1 provid$ nei!r he nor 8 p>tn] r$\ble4 ,if ! adv]s>ies set ! contract = "o trick1 ! decl>] loses #ej only1 & ev5 if he is set = six tricks1 he c lose only ! #ajj4 ,if any o!r decl>ation is d\bl$ & fails1 ! adv]s>ies score #ajj po9ts1 in/ead ( #ej1 = e trick by :i* !y defeat ! contract4 ,if x is r$\bl$1 !y score #bjj4 ,b if ! decl>] succe$s aft] be+ d\bl$1 he n only scores d\ble value = ! tricks t[>d game1 b he gets #ej po9ts = fulfill+ a d\bl$ contract & #ej m = any tricks ov] 8 contract if he makes !m4 ,^! figures are #ajj 9 ea* case if he r$\bles4 ,suppose ! decl>ation is ?ree no trumps1 d\bl$1 & ! decl>] makes five by c>ds4 ,he scores #e times #bj t[>d game1 aces z held1 & !n #aej 9 p5alties1 #ej ( :i* is = fulfill+ 8 contract & twice #ej = ! two tricks ov] 8 contract4 ,,keep+ ,,score4 ,two /yles ( score-pad are n[ 9 g5]al use4 ,9 "o ! tricks & hon\rs are ent]$ 9 ! same v]tical column1 "o above ! o!r1 & are all add$ 9 "o sum at ! end4 ,9 ! o!r /yle ( pad ! tricks are 9 "o column & ! hon\rs & p5alties 9 ano!r1 s t f\r additions are requir$ to f9d ! value ( ! rubb]1 :i* is always ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! total scores aft] giv+ ! w9n]s ( two games #bej po9ts4 ,! foll[+ illu/ration w %[ bo? /yles ( pad3 ,,we ,,!y #cf #cj #ah #ajj #af #h #dj -------- #cf -------- #bej -------- #db #dib #db ---- #dej ,,we ,,!y #h #af #ah #ajj #dj #cj ----------------- #cf #cf ----------------- #h #cd #gf #aff #h #gf ---- #bej #db ----- #dib #db ----- #dej ,! scor+ on :i* ?is rubb] is won & lo/ 0 z foll[s3 ,,we />t$ ) a contract to w9 "o he>t & made x1 ) simple hon\rs1 scor+ #h t[>d game & #af above = hon\rs4 ,!n ,,!y set a contract = two tricks1 gett+ #ajj 9 p5alties1 aga9/ simple hon\rs 9 royals1 scor$ z #ah above = ,,we & #ajj = ,,!y4 ,!n ,,!y made f\r odd at no trump & #cj aces1 w9n+ ! fir/ game1 "u :i* a l9e is drawn4 ,on ! next deal ,,!y made f\r odd 9 royals1 ) f\r hon\rs1 #cf ea* way1 w9n+ ! second game & also ! rubb]1 = :i* !y add #bej po9ts4 ,bo? scores are n[ add$ up & ! l[] d$uct$ f ! high]1 %[+ t ,,!y w9 #dej po9ts on ! balance4 ,,cutt+ ,,out4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! rubb]1 if !re are m ?an f\r c&idates = play1 ! selection ( ! new table is made by cutt+2 ^? :o h j play$ hav+ an equal *ance ) ! newcom]s4 ,! reason = ?is is t a ,bridge table is complete ) f\r1 & t a rubb] is usually too long1 ) its prelim9>ies ( mak+ ! trump1 & its f9alities ( settl+ ! score1 = play]s to wait _! turn4 ,a rubb] at ,%ort ,:i/ is (t5 ov] 9 two h&s2 b a c>efully play$ rubb] at ,bridge sometimes occupies an h\r4 ,,*eat+4 ,mo/ ( ! *eat+ done at ! bridge table is ( su* a "* t x _c be *all5g$ )\t difficulty1 al?\gh !re is en\gh ( x to be mo/ annoy+4 ,"s play]s w place an ace ab\t f\r c>ds f ! top :5 !y %uffle ! c>ds1 s t :5 ! pack is spread = ! cut !y c draw x & get ! fir/ deal4 ,second deal+ is a common trick1 especially on ocean /eam]s1 m>k+ ! aces & slipp+ !m back if !y w\ld fall to an adv]s>y deal+ !m to ! p>tn] in/ead1 :o c g no trumps & score a hundr$ aces sev]al times 9 an ev5+4 ,wom5 are great (f5d]s 9 trifl+ matt]s1 su* z ask+ ! deal] if %e pass$ x1 :5 no?+ has be5 said2 look+ ov] ! adv]s>ies' h&s z dummy1 & !n pu%+ dummy's c>ds =w>d1 z if arrang+ !m1 b 9 reality indicat+ :i* "o to play4 ,a great deal ( petty *eat+ is done 9 putt+ d[n ! score1 & also 9 balanc+ x by cancellation4 ,9 l>ge *>ity games1 "s wom5 are s eag] to w9 a prize t !y w /oop to all mann] ( private signals1 & "s g s f> z to make up a table & agree to d\ble ev]y?+1 s t "s "o ( ! f\r %all h a big score4 ,ano!r common trick 9 s-call$ social games is to h a /ool pigeon to ov]look ! h& ( ano!r & signal x up to ! conf$]ate :o is play+4 ,!re may be "s rem$y = ?is sort ( ?+1 b s f> no "o seems to h f\nd x2 or at lea/ !y lack ! c\rage to put x 9 practice & expose ! (f5d]s4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,! great secret ( success 9 auction lies 9 s\nd bidd+1 s t no bid %all h a d\ble mean+ & ! p>tn] may be able to rely absolutely on ! in=mation :i* ! bid %\ld convey4 ,! complications ( ! situation are s num]\s1 ow+ to ! v>iations introduc$ by ea* succe$+ bid z ! play]s ov]-call "o ano!r1 t x w\ld be impossible to cov] !m 9 a "w ( ?is k9d1 & ! /ud5t w\ld d well to consult "s su* "w z 8,:itehead's ,conv5tions10 :i* cov]s e situation t c\ld possibly arise 9 ! bidd+4 ,a few g5]al h9ts may be ( assi/ance 9 %[+ ! pr9ciples t gov]n ! m common situations4 ,! ,deal]'s ,bids may be divid$ into f\r p>ts2 a spade1 a los+ suit1 a w9n+ suit1 & no trumps4 ,! "o-spade bid simply means1 8,i pass10 b x does n signify t he w n be will+ to bid on ! second r\nd4 ,x has no?+ :atev] to d ) ! spade suit4 ,! deal] %\ld nev] call any suit on ! fir/ r\nd ( bids unless he has two sure tricks 9 x4 ,if x is a los+ suit1 he may h j ^? two tricks & no?+ else1 & ! %ort] ! suit ! bett]1 b ! tricks mu/ be ,a ,k1 or ,k ,q ,j1 or ,a ,q ,j4 ,if x is a w9n+ suit he mu/ h at lea/ five c>ds ( x & a trick or two 9 "s o!r suit to back x up4 ,if ! deal] bids two spades1 he %[s two sure tricks 9 a %ort spade suit & a sure trick outside4 ,if he bids ?ree spades he %[s five or m spades & /r5g? en\gh outside = royals1 b d5ies two sure tricks 9 ! spade suit itself4 ,! deal] %\ld bid no trumps :5 he has n l5g? en\gh to bid he>ts or royals1 b has a h& z good z ?ree aces1 well protect$ 9 ?ree suits4 ,! ,second ,h& %\ld decl>e j z if he 7 ! deal] :5 ! deal] />ts ) "o spade4 ,he may ev5 g no trump on a light] h&4 ,:5 ! deal] bids a suit1 second h& %\ld ov]-call only :5 he c make 8 contract or wi%es to indicate a lead 9 case ?ird h& %\ld g to no trumps4 ,second h& %\ld nev] take ! deal] out ( a los+ suit ) a w9n+ suit unless he has sev5 tricks 9 8 own h&4 ,if ! deal] bids no trump1 second h& %\ld pass1 unless he is prep>$ to ov]-call any fur!r bid = ?ree tricks4 ,?ird ,h& is n oblig$ to take ! deal] out ( a spade1 & %\ld n d s unless he is a trick or two /rong] ?an he w\ld h to be to decl>e z deal]4 ,b ! deal] mu/ nev] be left 9 ) a two or ?ree spade bid4 ,if ?ird h& _c d any bett]1 he %\ld decl>e a royal4 ,:5 ! deal] bids no trump1 ?ird h& %\ld take him out ) any weak five c>d suit & no?+ else1 simply to w>n him t !re are no w9n+ c>ds 9 ! h&4 ,always take him out ) five c>ds 9 a w9n+ suit1 no matt] h[ /rong ! re/ ( ! h&4 ,take ! deal] out ( "o suit ) ano!r suit only to d5y 8 suit4 ,take him out ( a w9n+ suit ) no trump1 only to d5y 8 suit & %[ /r5g? 9 ea* ( ! ?ree o!r suits4 ,if ! deal] bids no trump & second h& calls a suit1 d\ble if y c /op ! suit twice1 o!rwise %[ any good suit ( y\r own1 b d n g two no-trumps unless y c d x all y\rself4 ,leave t to y\r p>tn]4 ,d n assi/ y\r p>tn]'s suit bids ) less ?an ?ree tricks if second h& ov]-calls4 ,f\r? ,h& bids on ! bidd+ mu* m ?an on 8 c>ds4 ,he %\ld nev] take ! deal] out ( a spade t bo? second & ?ird h& h pass$ unless he c g game4 ,if ! deal] bids a los+ suit1 second & ?ird h&s pass+1 leave him 9 unless y c g game & are n afraid ( a %ift4 ,if ! deal] bids a w9n+ suit1 second & ?ird h&s pass+1 make any s\nd decl>ation4 ,if ! deal] />ts ) no trumps1 %[ any suit t might save ! game if l$ at once by y\r p>tn]4 ,subsequ5t ,bids4 ,any suit bid on ! second r\nd b n on ! fir/1 %[s l5g? )\t ! tops4 ,:5 a w9n+ suit is tak5 out by ! p>tn]1 a los+ suit bid on ! second r\nd %[s tops 9 x4 ,any suit rebid on ! second r\nd1 )\t wait+ = ! p>tn]'s assi/ance1 %[s six or sev5 sure tricks 9 h&4 ,nev] bid a h& twice1 unless its /r5g? is great] ?an indicat$ by ! fir/ bid4 ,hav+ bid a club on ace k+ alone1 t is ! end ( x4 ,if y h an outside ace1 :i* ! club bid did n %[1 y c assi/ y\r p>tn] once on t trick1 b no m4 ,hav+ assi/$ y\r p>tn]'s suit bid ) ?ree tricks1 d n bid aga9 unless y h a f\r? trick 9 h&1 b if he rebids 8 suit )\t wait+ = y1 y may assi/ on "o trick1 especially a high hon\r 9 trumps4 ,d n d\ble unless y h a c]ta9ty & are n afraid ( a %ift4 ,d n give up a fair *ance = go+ game y\rself j to d\ble an adv]s>y1 unless y are sure ( #bjj 9 p5alties at lea/1 & d n give up ! rubb] game = less ?an #cjj4 ,always rememb] t a d\ble may enable an adv]s>y to g game1 & w (t5 %[ ! decl>] :i* h& to f9esse aga9/4 ,free ,d\bles are opportunities to d\ble :5 ! decl>] w g game anyh[ if he makes 8 contract1 b !y %\ld nev] be made if !re is any *ance t he may %ift4 ,free ,bids are any?+ bett] ?an a spade by ! deal]1 or any?+ t ov]-calls a previ\s bid1 because no "o is =c$ to bid on ! fir/ r\nd4 ,a ,%\t is a bid t is a trick m ?an necess>y to ov]-call ! previ\s bid4 ,x %[s a solid suit1 or five or six sure tricks 9 h&4 ,9 a los+ suit x is a l\d call = ! p>tn] to g no trumps if he c4 ,a free bid 9 a los+ suit %[s ! high c>ds2 9 a w9n+ suit x %[s ! tricks 9 h&4 ,a ,=c$ ,bid is "o t is necess>y to ov]-call1 su* z two diamonds ov] a he>t4 ,?is does n mean t ! call] w\ld h bid two diamonds orig9ally4 ,a play] :o mu/ indicate a lead aga9/ a no-trump] makes a =c$ bid4 ,! ,orig9al ,lead4 ,! fir/ c>d mu/ be play$ be=e dummy's h& is expos$4 ,,op5+ ,,leads4 ,! position :i* we h fir/ to consid] is t ( ! elde/ h&1 usually designat$ by ! lett] 8,a10 :o sits on ! decl>]'s left4 ,illu/ration3 ,pone ------- ,b ,dummy ,y ,z ,decl>] ,a ------- ,lead] ,select+ ! ,suit to ,lead4 ,if y\r p>tn] has decl>$ a suit1 lead ! be/ c>d y hold ( x1 reg>dless ( numb]1 unless y h an ace-k+ suit ( y\r own1 9 :i* case lead ! k+ fir/ & h a look at dummy4 ,if p>tn] has n decl>$ any?+1 lead y\r own suit4 ,) high c>ds n 9 sequ5ce1 su* z ace-que51 k+-jack1 or ev5 que5-t51 9 e suit b trumps1 lead ! trump4 ,!re is a great diff]5ce betwe5 play+ aga9/ a trump decl>ation & aga9/ no-trump]s2 because 9 ! fir/ case ! lead] is oppos$ to unusual trump /r5g? & 8 object mu/ be to make :at he c ( 8 w9n+ c>ds1 be=e ! decl>] gets into ! lead & disc>ds 8 weak suits1 s z to be ready to trump !m4 ,b 9 ! second case1 !re be+ no trumps1 ! lead]'s object %\ld be to get a suit e/abli%$ aga9/ ! deal]1 if he c1 & ! long] ! suit is1 ! bett]4 ,! deal]'s /r5g? 9 a no-trump] is usually scatt]$1 & he may (t5 be f\nd ) a weak or miss+ suit1 :i* is g5]ally ! suit 9 :i* ! elde/ h& or 8 p>tn] is long4 ,we %all fir/ consid] ! leads aga9/ trump decl>ations1 because !y are m common & are also ! m useful4 ,if a play] makes a trump-h& lead aga9/ a no-trump decl>ation1 he w n d ne>ly s mu* h>m z if he make a no-trump-h& lead aga9/ a trump decl>ation4 ,= t reason1 if a play] _c ma/] bo? sy/ems ( lead+1 x is bett] = him to le>n ! leads aga9/ trumps ?an ^? aga9/ no-trumps4 ,rules = ,lead+ ,high ,c>ds4 ,) su* a suit z ,a ,k ,q #b1 no "o ne$ be told n to beg9 ) ! deuce4 ,:5ev] a play] holds two or m ( ! be/ c>ds ( a suit he %\ld play "o ( !m4 ,if he holds bo? second & ?ird be/1 play+ "o ( !m w =ce ! be/ out ( 8 way1 leav+ him ) ! comm&+ c>d4 ,! c>ds :i* are recognis$ by bridge play]s z high1 are ! ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj1 & if we sep>ate ! v>i\s comb9ations f :i* a play] %\ld lead ea* ( !m1 a /udy ( ! gr\ps s =m$ w greatly facilitate our recollection ( !m4 ,9 ! fir/ gr\p are ^? conta9+ two or m ( ! be/ c>ds4 ,9 ?is & all foll[+ notation1 ! exact size ( any c>d bel[ a ,t5 is immat]ial4 ,illu/ration3 ,s f> z trick-tak+ is conc]n$1 x is ( no importance :i* ( ! w9n+ c>ds is fir/ l$2 b good play]s lead ! ,k+ f all ^! comb9ations 9 ord] t ! p>tn] may be in=m$1 by its w9n+1 t ! lead] holds ! ,ace also4 ,9 ! second gr\p are ^? conta9+ bo? ! second & ?ird be/1 b n ! be/4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,k+ is ! prop] lead f ^! comb9ations4 ,if x w9s1 ! p>tn] %\ld h ! ,ace2 if x loses1 p>tn] %\ld "k ! lead] holds at lea/ ! ,que54 ,bo? ^! gr\ps1 :i* conta9 all ! ,k+ leads1 may be easily rememb]$ by obs]v+ t ! ,k+ is always l$ if accompani$ by ! ,ace or ,que51 or bo?4 ,beg9n]s %\ld foll[ ?is rule = lead+ ! ,k+1 reg>dless ( ! numb] ( small c>ds 9 ! suit4 ,!re is only "o comb9ation f :i* ! ,que5 is l$1 ,illu/ration3 :5 x is accompani$ by ! ,jack1 & !re is no high] c>d ( ! suit 9 ! h&4 ,:e!r ! t5 foll[s ! ,jack or n1 does n matt]4 ,) any two high c>ds 9 sequ5ce1 ! lead is a high c>d :5 play+ aga9/ a decl>$ trump4 ,! ,jack is nev] l$ except z a support+ c>d4 ,x is always ! top ( ! suit1 & ! suit is usually %ort4 ,! object ( mak+ su* an op5+ is to avoid lead+ suits head$ by two hon\rs :i* are n 9 sequ5ce4 ,^! are good ,jack leads3 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,t5 is l$ f "o comb9ation only3-- ,illu/ration3 ,! ,ace %\ld n be l$ if x c be avoid$2 b x is bett] to lead x f suits ( m ?an f\r c>ds1 s z to make x at once4 ,if ! ,ace is accompani$ by ! ,k+1 ! ,k+ is ! c>d to lead1 n ! ,ace4 ,if ! ,ace is accompani$ by o!r hon\rs1 su* z ! ,que5 or ,jack1 x is bett] to avoid op5+ ! suit1 unless y h five or m c>ds ( x4 ,b if y d lead a suit head$ by ! ,ace1 )\t ! ,k+1 be sure t y lead ! ,ace1 :5 play+ aga9/ a trump decl>ation1 or y may nev] make x4 ,all su* comb9ations z ! foll[+ %\ld be avoid$1 if possible1 z m c be made out ( !m by lett+ !m alone3-- ,illu/ration3 ,b ) ?ree hon\rs1 ,a ,q ,j1 ! ,ace %\ld be l$4 ,rules = ,lead+ ,%ort ,suits4 ,x w sometimes happ5 t ! only f\r-c>d suit 9 ! lead]'s h& w be trumps or a suit head$ by hon\rs n 9 sequ5ce1 :i* x is n desirable to lead4 ,9 su* cases1 if !re is no high-c>d comb9ation 9 any ( ! %ort suits1 x is usual to lead ! highe/ c>d1 unless x is an ,ace or ,k+4 ,_m good play]s w n lead ! ,que5 f a ?ree-c>d suit1 unless x is accompani$ by ! ,jack4 ,all su* leads are call$ =c$1 & are int5d$ to assi/ ! p>tn]1 by play+ c>ds :i* may /r5g!n him1 al?\gh ( no use to ! lead]4 ,! be/ c>d %\ld be l$ f any su* comb9ations z ! foll[+3-- ,illu/ration3 ,small-c>d ,leads4 ,if ! suit select$ = ! lead does n conta9 any comb9ation ( high c>ds f :i* x w\ld be "r to lead a high c>d1 good play]s make x a rule to beg9 ) ! f\r?-be/1 c\nt+ f ! top ( ! suit4 ,?is is call$ ! 8c>d ( uni=mity10 because x indicates to ! p>tn] t !re are rema9+ 9 ! lead]'s h& exactly ?ree c>ds high] ?an ! "o l$4 ,%\ld ! play] be =c$ to lead any ( ! undesirable comb9ations %[n on ! la/ page1 he w\ld beg9 ) ! ,ace if he held x2 o!rwise he w\ld lead ! f\r?-be/4 ,9 ea* ( ! h&s %[n ?is w\ld be ! f\r1 & ?is c>d w\ld be l$1 ev5 if !re 7 five or six c>ds 9 ! suit4 ,f ?is h&1 = in/ance1 ! five is ! prop] lead3-- ,illu/ration3 ,rules = ,lead+ ,second ,r\nd4 ,if ! lead] w9s ! fir/ trick1 hav+ ! be/ ( ! suit 9 8 h&1 he %\ld foll[ ) ! w9n+ c>d2 b if he has sev]al c>ds :i* are equally w9n+ c>ds1 he %\ld lead ! l[e/ ( !m4 ,?is is an indication to ! p>tn] t ! c>d l$ is z good z ! be/2 !re=e ! lead] mu/ hold ! int]m$iate c>ds4 ,:5 a ,k+ w9s1 y\r p>tn] kn[s y h ! ,ace1 if he does n hold x4 ,!n tell him :at he does n "k1 t y h ! ,que5 also4 ,suppose y h l$ ! ,k+ f ^! comb9ations3-- ,illu/ration3 ,y\r p>tn] kn[s y h ! ,ace1 because y\r ,k+ w9s4 ,f ! fir/1 g on ) ! ,jack1 :i* is j z good z ! ,ace1 b tells y\r p>tn] y h n only ! ,ace b ! ,que51 /ill 9 y\r h&4 ,f ! second1 g on ) ! ,que51 ! c>d y\r p>tn] does n "k1 :i* tells him y /ill h ! ,ace1 b n ! ,jack4 ,if y h n ! ,que51 y w h to g on ) ! ,ace1 & y\r lead+ ! ,ace w d5y ! ,que54 ,if y h n ! be/1 lead "o ( ! second & ?ird-be/1 if y hold bo?3-- ,illu/ration3 ,f ! fir/ ( ^!1 hav+ l$ ! ,k+1 if x w9s1 g on ) ! t51 :e!r y h any small] c>ds or n4 ,f ! second1 if ! ,k+ w9s1 g on ) ! ,jack1 :i* d5ies ! t51 b tells y\r p>tn] y /ill h ! ,que54 ,no mi/ake is m common among beg9n]s ?an lead+ a l[ c>d on ! second r\nd1 on ! assumption t ! p>tn] mu/ h ! ,ace4 ,if y h l$ f ,k+ & ,que5 only1 y mu/ g on ) ! f\r?-be/2 because y h n bo? ! second & ?ird-be/4 ,?is f\r?-be/ is ! c>d t 0 ! f\r?-be/ orig9ally4 ,hav+ l$ ! ,k+ f ?is3-- ,illu/ration3 ! c>d to foll[ ! ,k+ is ! six1 if ! ,k+ w9s ! fir/ trick4 ,! ,f\r?-be/4 ,f any comb9ation ( c>ds1 if y h n ! be/1 or bo? ! second & ?ird-be/1 9 y\r h& = ! second r\nd1 lead y\r orig9al f\r?-be/4 ,f all ! foll[+1 ! prop] lead on ! second r\nd w\ld be ! f\r?-be/1 9 ea* case ! f\r ( ! suit3 ,illu/ration3 ,lead+ ,trumps4 ,a trump lead is sometimes adopt$ :5 all ! pla9 suits are bad ones to lead away f1 su* z ,a ,q1 or ,a ,j1 or ,k ,j 9 ea* & no l5g?4 ,if a play] holds high c>ds :i* are n 9 sequ5ce1 su* z ! major t5ace1 ace & que51 x is v probable t ! decl>] holds ! k+4 ,by refus+ to lead su* suits1 & wait+ = !m to come up to ! t5ace1 ! decl>]'s high c>d may be caught & a valuable trick sav$4 ,:5 a good play] op5s 8 h& ) a trump1 "r up to ! decl>ation1 8 p>tn] %\ld lead 8 be/ support+ c>ds boldly up to dummy's weak suits4 ,! ,pone's ,leads4 ,:5 ! pone gets into ! lead1 if he does n return 8 p>tn]'s suit1 he %\ld op5 8 own suits accord+ to ! rules already giv5 = all ! high-c>d comb9ations4 ,if he has no high-c>d comb9ation1 x is usually bett] = him to lead "s c>d t w beat ,dummy ?an to lead 8 f\r?-be/4 ,suppose he wi%es to lead a diamond1 9 :i* he holds ,q #aj #h #d #c2 ,dummy hav+ ! #i & #f only4 ,x is bett] to lead ! t5 ( diamonds ?an ! f\r?-be/1 because if ! decl>] does n foll[ ) an hon\r1 y\r p>tn] w n h to sacrifice an hon\r to keep ,dummy f w9n+ ! trick ) ! #i4 ,aft] ! op5+ lead1 :5 ,dummy's c>ds are expos$1 ! k ( 8 c>ds may *ange ! aspect ( ! game greatly2 b ! prop] c>ds to lead to & ?r\gh ,dummy w be bett] und]/ood 9 connection ) ! play aga9/ no-trump]s4 ,no-trump ,leads4 ,! *ief diff]5ce 9 ! leads aga9/ no-trump]s is1 t !re is no hurry to make y\r aces & k+s1 ! *ief ?+ be+ to make "s ( ! small] c>ds good = tricks4 ,:5 y are long 9 a suit1 if y lead out ! w9n+ c>ds fir/1 y\r p>tn] may h none to lead y lat] on1 & if y _c make e trick 9 ! suit be=e y lose ! lead1 y may nev] make any?+ b y\r "o or two high c>ds4 ,! diff]5ce 9 ! leads at no-trump is cov]$ by a v simple rule2 if y h only two hon\rs 9 sequ5ce1 d n lead ei!r ( !m1 b beg9 ) ! f\r?-be/1 ev5 if y\r hon\rs are ! ,ace & ,k+4 ,b if y h ?ree hon\rs 9 ! suit1 two ( !m 9 sequ5ce1 always lead an hon\r aga9/ a no-trump]4 ,! exception to ?is rule is1 t :5 y are s long 9 ! suit t y may cat* "s high c>ds ) y\r high c>ds1 y lead !m fir/4 ,) six or sev5 9 suit to ! ,a ,k1 = in/ance1 lead ! ,k+1 on ! *ance ( dropp+ ! ,que54 ,) sev5 9 suit head$ by ! ,ace1 lead ! ,ace1 b nev] ) less ?an sev5 )\t ! ,k+4 ,) six 9 suit1 y may lead ! ,k+ f ,k ,q1 )\t ei!r ,jack or #aj2 b ) less ?an six 9 suit nev] lead ! ,k+ f ,k ,q unless y h ! #aj or ! ,j also4 ,,?ird ,,h& ,,play4 ,! lead]'s p>tn] mu/ d 8 be/ to in=m 8 p>tn] z to ! di/ribution ( 8 suit4 ,! me?od ( do+ ?is is entirely diff]5t :5 !re is a trump f t :i* is adopt$ :5 !re is no trump4 ,9 ! fir/ case1 all y\r p>tn] wants to "k is1 :o is go+ to trump 8 suit if he goes on ) x4 ,9 ! second case1 :at he wants to "k is 8 *ance = gett+ 8 suit cle>$ or e/abli%$4 ,) a ,trump4 ,:5 ?ird h& makes no attempt to w9 ! trick1 ei!r because 8 p>tn]'s or ,dummy's c>d is bett] ?an any he ne$ play1 he plays ! high] ( two c>ds only1 ! l[e/ ( ?ree or m4 ,?is is call$ play+ d[n & out4 ,suppose ?ird h& holds #g & #b only1 & ! lead is a ,k+4 ,! #g is play$4 ,! lead] goes on ) ! ,ace1 d5y+ ! ,que51 & ! ?ird h& plays ! deuce4 ,if ! ,que5 is n 9 ! ,dummy1 ! decl>] mu/ h x4 ,9 any case1 ! lead] kn[s t if he goes on1 8 p>tn]1 ! ?ird h&1 c trump t suit4 ,) ?ree c>ds1 ! l[e/ fall+ to ! fir/ r\nd1 foll[$ by a high] c>d1 w %[ ! lead] t ! ?ird h& /ill has ano!r ( t suit4 ,x is n necess>y to play d[n & out ) an hon\r1 because ! lead] c read ! situation )\t x4 ,suppose ?ird h& holds ! ,j #e4 ,he plays ! #e to ! fir/ r\nd1 because "o ( 8 two c>ds is an hon\r4 ,! lead] goes on ) ! ,ace1 & ! ,jack falls4 ,n[ ! ?ird h& mu/ h ! ,que5 or no m1 & no matt] :i* x is he c w9 ! ?ird r\nd1 ) ! ,que5 or ) a trump4 ,aga9/ ,no-,trump]s4 ,:5 !re is no trump1 ! ?ird h& uses :at is call$ ! ,fo/] e*o4 ,?is consi/s 9 play+ always ! second-be/ ( ! suit1 :5 no attempt is made to w9 ! trick4 ,suppose ! lead] beg9s ) ! ,k+4 ,?ird h& holds #aj #h #g #d1 & plays ! #h4 ,?is m>ks him ) only "o c>d high] ?an ! #h1 & is a great expos] ( false c>ds play$ by ! decl>]4 ,on ! second r\nd1 ! rule is1 always to keep ! l[e/ c>d ( ! suit until ! la/4 ,if ?ird h& held f\r orig9ally1 #aj #h #g #d1 8 play to ! second r\nd is ! #g1 keep+ ! #d4 ,if he held #aj #h #g only1 8 play to ! second r\nd w\ld be ! #aj1 keep+ ! #g4 ,?is makes x cle> to ! lead] h[ _m & :at he holds4 ,high ,c>ds ,?ird ,h&4 ,:5 ! ?ird h& tries to w9 8 p>tn]'s lead1 he does s z *eaply z possible4 ,t is1 hold+ bo? ,k+ & ,que51 he plays ! ,que51 n ! ,k+4 ,if 8 c>ds are n 9 sequ5ce1 he %\ld always play ! be/ he has4 ,) ,ace & ,que51 = in/ance1 he mu/ play ! ,ace if ! ,k+ is n 9 ! ,dummy4 ,to play ! ,que5 w\ld be to ?r[ x away if ! decl>] has ! ,k+4 ,if ! lead] has ! ,k+1 ?ird h& gets out ( 8 way by giv+ up ! ,ace4 ,,fo/]',s ,,elev5 ,,rule4 ,9 try+ to w9 tricks z *eaply z possible1 ?ird h& may (t5 be guid$ by ! ,elev5 ,rule1 :i* c be appli$ to any lead ( a small c>d4 ,by d$uct+ f elev5 ! numb] ( pips on any l[ c>d l$ by 8 p>tn]1 ! pone may asc]ta9 to a c]ta9ty h[ _m c>ds !re are high] ?an ! "o l$1 :i* are n 9 ! lead]'s h&4 ,?is rule1 :i* 0 inv5t$ by ,r4,f4 ,fo/] 9 #ahha1 9 connection ) ! game ( :i/1 is n[ us$ by ev]yone ) any pret5sions to be+ a bridge play]4 ,! rule itself is ?is3-- ,:5 ! elde/ h& leads any c>d :i* is n an hon\r1 d$uct ! spots on x f elev54 ,f ! rema9d] ?us f\nd1 d$uct ! numb] ( c>ds1 high] ?an ! "o l$1 :i* are n 9 y\r own h& nor 9 ,dummy's 9 t suit4 ,?is f9al rema9d] is ! numb] ( c>ds :i* are 9 ! decl>]'s h& :i* are high] ?an ! c>d l$4 ,! pr9cipal ?+ to rememb] is1 t x is only ! c>ds high] ?an ! "o l$ t y ne$ tr\ble ab\t4 ,to illu/rate3-- ,suppose y are ?ird h&1 & y\r p>tn] leads ! sev5 ( clubs1 ,dummy lays d[n ! ,q #i #b1 & y hold ,a ,j #c1 ?us3-- ,illu/ration3 ,lead] ,dummy ,?ird h&4 ,d$uct+ sev5 f elev51 y f9d x leaves f\r4 ,^! f\r c>ds1 high] ?an ! "o lead1 are all 9 sight1 ,q #i 9 ,dummy2 ,a ,j 9 y\r own h&1 !re=e ! decl>] _c h any c>d high] ?an ! sev54 ,if he has1 y\r p>tn]'s lead is n 8 f\r?-be/1 z y w see if y lay out ! c>ds4 ,,return+ ,,suits4 ,:5 ! ?ird h& returns 8 p>tn]'s suit1 he %\ld lead ! high] ( two c>ds1 & ! l[e/ ( ?ree1 unless he has a c>d :i* w beat any?+ ,dummy may hold 9 ! suit1 9 :i* case he %\ld always beat ,dummy4 ,,play+ ,,aga9/ ,,dummy4 ,"s ( ! f9e po9ts 9 bridge arise 9 situations :i* require a c>eful consid]ation ( ! ,dummy's c>ds4 ,!re are ?ree great pr9ciples 9 play+ aga9/ ,dummy3-- #a/4 ,lead ?r\gh ! /rong suits1 & up to ! weak4 #bnd4 ,d n lead ?r\gh a f\r*ette4 #crd4 ,d n lead up to a t5ace4 ,^! rules mu/ n be bl9dly foll[$ 9 e in/ance4 ,!y are simply g5]al pr9ciples1 & "s ( ! prettie/ c\ps arise f ! exceptional cases4 ,lead+ ,?r\gh ,dummy4 ,! elde/ h&1 :5 he does n deem x advisable to g on ) 8 own suit1 may be guid$ 9 8 *oice by ! /r5g? or weakness ( c]ta9 suits 9 ,dummy's h&4 ,! play aga9/ ,dummy is especially important at no trumps4 ,suits :i* x is good policy to lead ?r\gh are ,a x x x1 ,k x x x1 or any brok5 sequ5ces ( high c>ds4 ,suits 9 :i* ,dummy is long1 or holds any ( ! regul> high-c>d comb9ations1 %\ld be avoid$2 w9n+ or high sequ5ces be+ especially dang]\s4 ,to lead su* suits ?r\gh ,dummy's /r5g? is an invitation to p>tn] to =ce y 9 ! suit l$4 ,x is n necess>y = y to be /rong 9 a suit :i* y lead ?r\gh ,dummy2 & if y are bo? weak1 is (t5 advantage\s2 especially if x avoids lead+ "o ( 8 /rong suits4 ,) ,a ,q #aj x2 ,dummy hav+ ,j x x x2 play ! #aj4 ,if p>tn] has ! ,k+ y make e trick 9 ! suit4 ,) ,a ,q #aj x2 ,dummy hav+ ,k x x2 play ! ,q4 ,if ,dummy passes1 y make two tricks2 if he cov]s1 y h t5ace ov] ! ,jack4 ,) ,a #aj #i x2 ,dummy hav+ ,j x x x2 play ! #aj4 ,if p>tn] has ! ,k1 y\r ,a #i is t5ace ov] ! ,q4 ,) ,a ,j #aj x2 ,dummy hav+ ,q x x x2 if ! suit mu/ be l$1 play ! ,jack2 b su* positions %\ld be avoid$1 except 9 ! end game1 or :5 y play = e trick4 ,) ,a ,j #aj x2 ,dummy hav+ no hon\r 9 ! suit2 if y mu/ lead ! suit1 play ! #aj4 ,9 trumps1 ) ,k ,q x x2 ,dummy hav+ ,a ,j x x2 play ! ,que54 ,if ,dummy w9s ) ,a1 play a small c>d = ! second r\nd1 & he may refuse to put on ! ,j4 ,! decl>] n hav+ ! #aj1 w\ld make ,dummy cov]2 b no?+ is lo/ if he does1 & x m>ks ! #aj ) y\r p>tn]4 ,) ,k+ & o!rs ( a suit 9 :i* ,dummy has n ! ,ace2 avoid lead+ ! suit until ! ,ace has fall54 ,) ,k+ alone1 play x if ,dummy has ! ,ace2 keep x if he has n4 ,trumps4 ,if a play] 9 ?is position is /rong 9 trumps1 he %\ld keep quiet ab\t x & let ! mak] ( ! trumps develop ! suit4 ,false-c>d+ is p]fectly legitimate 9 trumps1 & w deceive ! decl>] m ?an y\r p>tn]4 ,end ,games4 ,!re are cases 9 :i* x is necess>y to play z if p>tn] 0 kn[n to possess a c]ta9 c>d1 = unless he has x ! game is lo/4 ,= in/ance3 ,y want "o trick1 & h ,q #aj x x1 ,dummy hav+ ,k x x1 ( an unplay$ suit4 ,! ,que5 is ! be/ play2 = if p>tn] has any hon\r y mu/ get a trick2 o!rwise x is impossible4 ,y h ,k x 9 "o suit1 a los+ c>d 9 ano!r1 & a w9n+ c>d4 ,y want all f\r tricks to save ! game4 ,play ! ,k+1 & !n ! small c>d2 = if y\r p>tn] has n ! ,ace & ano!r w9n+ c>d y mu/ lose ! game4 ,y h a los+ trump1 & ,q x x ( a suit 9 :i* ,dummy has ,k #aj x4 ,if y want "o trick1 play ! los+ trump1 c\nt+ on p>tn] = an hon\r 9 ! pla9 suit4 ,if y mu/ h two tricks1 lead ! ,que51 tru/+ y\r p>tn] to hold ,ace4 ,lead+ up to ,dummy4 ,! be/ ?+ = ! ?ird h&1 or pone1 to d1 :5 he does n return 8 p>tn]'s suit1 & has no v /rong suit ( 8 own1 is to lead up to ,dummy's weak suits1 & to lead a c>d t ,dummy _c beat1 if possible4 ,! g5]al pr9ciple ( lead+ up to weakness sugge/s t we %\ld "k :at weakness is4 ,dummy may be consid]$ weak 9 suits ( :i* he holds ?ree or f\r small c>ds1 none high] ?an an #h2 ,ace & "o or two small c>ds2 or ,k+ & "o or two small c>ds4 ,9 lead+ up to su* suits1 y\r object %\ld be to give y\r p>tn] a f9esse1 if possible2 & 9 calculat+ ! probabilities ( success x mu/ be rememb]$ t !re are only two unkn[n h&s1 s t x is an equal *ance t he holds ei!r ( two unkn[n c>ds4 ,x is #c to #a aga9/ 8 hold+ bo?1 or aga9/ 8 hold+ nei!r4 ,( ?ree unkn[n c>ds1 x is #g to #a aga9/ 8 hold+ all ?ree1 or none ( !m2 or ab\t an equal *ance t he holds two ( ! ?ree2 or "o only4 ,if ,dummy holds any ( ! weak suits j giv51 y hold+ no?+ high] ?an ! ,t51 y %\ld lead x4 ,suppose y h #aj #i #f2 ,dummy hav+ ,a #c #b4 ,! ,k ,q ,j may be di/ribut$ 9 eight diff]5t ways1 9 any ( :i* y\r p>tn] w pass y\r ,t5 if second h& does n cov]4 ,9 f\r cases1 second h& w\ld cov] ) ! ,k+1 & 9 "o ) ! ,que5 & ,jack4 ,9 ! rema9+ ?ree y\r p>tn]'s h& w\ld be b5efit$4 ,if ,dummy has ,k+ & "o or two small c>ds1 x is n s disadvantage\s to lead up to ! ,k+ z w\ld at fir/ appe>2 because x is =c$ out ( 8 h& on ! fir/ r\nd1 unless decl>] plays ,ace1 & x is usually good policy to =ce out ,dummy's c>ds ( re-entry e>ly 9 ! h&4 ,9 lead+ f high-c>d comb9ations1 ! usual bridge leads %\ld be foll[$2 b exceptions mu/ be made on ! second r\nd :5 c]ta9 c>ds are 9 ,dummy's h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,) ,a ,k ,j & o!rs1 x is usual to /op aft] ! fir/ r\nd1 & wait = ! f9esse ( ! ,jack4 ,?is is obvi\sly useless if ! ,que5 is n 9 ,dummy's h&4 ,s ) ,k ,q #aj1 unless ,dummy has ! ,jack2 or ,k ,q #i1 unless ,dummy has ! #aj4 ,! lead f ,a ,q ,j %\ld be avoid$ if ,dummy has ! ,k+4 ,) ,a ,q #aj & o!rs1 ,j 9 ,dummy's h&1 beg9 ) ! ,que54 ,) ,a ,j #i & o!rs1 #aj 9 ,dummy's h&1 lead ! ,jack4 ,) ,a ,j #aj1 ,dummy hav+ ,k ,q x1 play ! ,jack1 & d n lead ! suit aga94 ,9 trumps1 ) ,k ,q & o!rs1 if ,dummy has ! ,j s+ly gu>d$1 beg9 ) ! ,k+ z usual1 b foll[ x ) ! ,que5 in/ead ( ! smalle/2 = decl>] may h pass$ 9 ! hope ( mak+ a ,ba? c\p ) bo? ,ace & ,jack4 ,9 pla9 suits ?is is a dang]\s lead1 z decl>] hav+ ,ace1 & wi%+ to =ce ,dummy1 w\ld hold 8 ,ace z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,) %ort suits1 su* z ,k x1 ,q x2 or ev5 ) ,k+ or ,que5 alone1 ! hon\r is a good lead if ,dummy has no c\rt c>ds 9 ! suit4 ,! ,que5 is r a bett] lead ?an ! ,k+1 ! only dang] be+ t second h& holds f\r*ette4 ,) ,q ,j x1 or ,j #aj x1 "o ( ! high c>ds %\ld be play$4 ,) ,q #aj x1 ,dummy hav+ ,ace or ,k+1 ! ,que5 %\ld be l$4 ,) ,k #aj x1 ,dummy hav+ ,jack1 ! suit %\ld n be l$4 ,) su* comb9ations z ,k x x x1 ,dummy hav+ ,q x1 ! suit %\ld n be l$4 ,:5 y h a suit :i* is bo? long & /rong1 su* z ,a ,k x x x1 & ,dummy has no hon\r 9 ! suit1 x is a common artifice to und]play1 by beg9n+ ) ! smalle/1 if play+ aga9/ no-trumps & y h a c>d ( re-entry4 ,?is %\ld n be done unless y h ! g5]al /r5g? to ju/ify su* a f9esse4 ,if y op5 a long suit1 ,dummy hav+ only small c>ds1 & y\r p>tn] w9s ) ,q1 ,j1 or #aj1 & does n return x1 he has evid5tly a f9esse 9 ! suit & wants x l$ aga94 ,end ,games4 ,9 ! end game !re are sev]al v>iations :i* are made possible by ! fact t ! c>ds on y\r "r are expos$4 ,) ,a ,j x1 ,dummy hav+ ,q x x1 ! small c>d %\ld be l$4 ,) ,q x1 & an odd c>d1 ,dummy hav+ ,k x x ( ! fir/ suit2 x is bett] to play ! odd c>d2 b if = any reason ?is %\ld n be done1 lead ! ,q1 hop+ to f9d ,a #aj ) y\r p>tn]4 ,! /ate ( ! score mu/ be a con/ant guide 9 all end games4 ,= in/ance3 ,y hold ,q #aj x1 ,dummy hav+ ,j #i x4 ,if y want only "o trick1 play ! ,que52 b if y want two1 play ! small c>d4 ,,second ,,h& ,,play4 ,! easie/ position to play z second h&1 is1 ( c\rse1 ) ! ,dummy on y\r left1 because ,dummy's c>ds w %[ :at is be/ to be done4 ,if a small c>d is l$1 y hav+ ,k+1 put x on if ,dummy has n ! ,ace2 unless y want p>tn] to get ! lead4 ,if ,dummy has only two c>ds ( ! suit1 nei!r ( !m ! ,ace1 always play y\r ,k+4 ,:5 ! decl>] leads a suit x is (t5 important to c\nt h[ _m he & y\r p>tn] c possibly hold4 ,= in/ance3 ,y h f\r1 ,k x x x2 ,dummy has f\r1 ,a ,j #aj x1 & decl>] leads ! ,que54 ,x is useless to play y\r ,k+2 = ei!r ! ,que5 is a s+leton1 & ! decl>] _c cont9ue ! suit1 :i* w compel ,dummy to lead x to y ev5tually2 or1 ! ?ird r\nd w be trump$1 p]haps by y\r p>tn]4 ,if y h only two small c>ds ) ! ,k+1 put x on ! ,que54 ,y _c save x1 b y may e/abli% y\r p>tn]'s #i4 ,9 ! la/ ?ree tricks1 if y f9d y\rself ) a d\btful c>d1 & ! be/ & a small c>d ( a suit :i* ! decl>] leads ?r\gh y1 w9 ! trick & lead ! d\btful c>d1 = if ! decl>] held ! be/ ( t suit he w\ld h l$ x fir/1 to be sure ( a trick4 ,dummy on ! ,"r4 ,:5 ,dummy leads ?r\gh y1 y\r skill 9 avoid+ any traps ! decl>] may be sett+ = y w dep5d on y\r k ( h[ he manages 8 h&1 & y\r ability to inf] :at he holds4 ,z a g5]al pr9ciple1 x may be assum$ t any high c>d l$ by ,dummy =ms "p ( a comb9ation1 ! unse5 "p ( :i* is 9 ! decl>]'s h&4 ,if ,dummy leads a ,que5 f ,q x x1 y hold+ ,a ,j x1 x is almo/ a c]ta9ty t ! decl>] holds ! ,k+4 ,if y h ,a ,k x1 ! deal] mu/ h ,j #aj & sev]al o!rs4 ,if y h ,k x x1 ! decl>] probably holds ,ace1 or a long suit head$ by ,j #aj4 ,:5 ,dummy leads /r5g!n+ c>ds1 !y mu/ be to give ! decl>] a f9esse4 ,if he leads a small c>d f small c>ds1 "s high-c>d comb9ation mu/ be 9 ! decl>]'s h&4 ,9 su* cases x is useless = y to f9esse4 ,if y h any sequ5ce sup]ior to ! c>d l$1 cov] ) ! l[e/4 ,!re %\ld be no false-c>d+ 9 ?is1 because y\r p>tn] is ! only "o t c be deceiv$4 ,) ,a ,k & o!rs1 play ! ,k+1 :atev] ,dummy leads4 ,) ,a ,q & o!rs1 ,dummy hav+ no?+ high] ?an ! #i1 play ! ,ace4 ,) ,k ,q #aj1 play ! ,que5 on a small c>d l$1 unless ,dummy has ! ,jack4 ,) ,a ,j #aj x1 play ,ace if ,dummy has no hon\r 9 ! suit4 ,b if ,dummy leads ! #i1 cov] ) ! #aj2 if x loses1 y lie t5ace ov] ! decl>]4 ,) ,a ,j x1 play ! ,jack on a #i l$4 ,?is prev5ts ! f9esse ( ! #i1 & reta9s comm& ( ! suit4 ,if ,dummy has bo? ,k & ,q1 play y\r ,ace4 ,x is useless to play ! ,ba? c\p1 = ! decl>] kn[s y\r c>ds1 & y\r p>tn] only is deceiv$4 ,) ,k x x1 if ,dummy has n ! ,ace1 d n play ! ,k+1 no matt] :at is l$4 ,) ,q x x1 unless ,dummy has bo? ,a & ,k1 d n play ! ,que54 ,if y\r p>tn] has ! ,jack gu>d$1 "o ( y mu/ make a trick4 ,if ,dummy has ,a ,j1 & leads ,j1 put on ! ,que52 x may make ! #i or #aj good 9 y\r p>tn]'s h&4 ,) ,a x x1 ,dummy lead+ ,jack1 play ! ,ace4 ,) any f\r*ette1 cov] ! c>d l$4 ,if ,dummy rema9s ) "o or two small c>ds ( a suit t has be5 l$1 & y h ! be/1 play x on ! second r\nd4 ,dummy's play is evid5tly = ! ruff1 & if ! decl>] has n ! second be/1 y\r p>tn] has4 ,if y h ,k+1 & only "o or two small c>ds1 ,dummy lead+ ,que5 f ,q #aj x x1 play y\r ,k+4 ,y _c save y\rself2 b y may make ! #i good 9 p>tn]'s h&4 ,if y h ?ree or m small c>ds1 d n play ! ,k+1 = ei!r p>tn] or ! decl>] mu/ be %ort 9 ! suit4 ,s if ,dummy leads ,jack f ,j #aj & o!rs1 play ! ,k+ ) a %ort suit4 ,if p>tn] has ,que5 y e/abli% x2 if n1 y _c make a trick 9 ! suit4 ,) %ort suits x is usually be/ to cov] an hon\r ) an hon\r2 b ) sev]al small c>ds1 su* z ,k x x x1 ,dummy lead+ a s+leton ,que51 y %\ld pass4 ,) ,k #aj x1 ,dummy hav+ ,j & o!rs1 play hon\r on hon\r2 small c>d on small c>d1 :i*ev] ,dummy leads4 ,x is (t5 important = ! second h& to cov] ) :at is call$ an imp]fect f\r*ette4 ,a true f\r*ette is ! c>d imm$iately above & bel[ ! "o l$2 su* z ,k ,j ov] ! ,q1 or ,q #aj ov] ! ,j4 ,an imp]fect f\r*ette is ! c>d above ! "o l$1 & ano!r next b "o bel[ x2 su* z ,k #aj ov] a ,q l$1 or ,q #i ov] a ,j l$4 ,cov]+ =ces ! oppon5ts to play two hon\rs to w9 "o trick1 & w (t5 make an int]m$iate c>d good 9 y\r p>tn]'s h&4 ,,?ird ,,h& ,,play4 ,9 addition to ! me?ods ( e*o+ on ! p>tn]'s leads ( high c>ds 9 ! suit fir/ op5$1 ?ird h& mu/ be ready to adapt himself & 8 play to any *ange ( suit & w require con/ant practice 9 putt+ himself 9 8 p>tn]'s place1 ask+ himself :at ! object is 9 lead+ c]ta9 c>ds ?r\gh ,dummy's h&4 ,! inf]5ces f ! conv5tional leads %\ld be suffici5tly famili> to ne$ no fur!r explanation2 b ev5 good play]s occasionally ov]look indications t p>tn] holds c]ta9 c>ds4 ,= in/ance3 ,a leads a small c>d2 ,y1 ,dummy1 holds ,q x x1 & plays ,q4 ,y play ! ,k+ & w9 ! trick4 ,?is m>ks n only ! ,ace1 b ! ,jack 9 p>tn]'s h&2 because ! decl>] w\ld n play a twice gu>d$ ,que5 f ,dummy's h& if he _h ! ,jack gu>d$ himself4 ,false c>ds %\ld be avoid$ by ! ?ird h& z mu* z possible4 ,! decl>] w give y\r p>tn] en\gh to puzzle ov] )\t y\r add+ to ! confusion4 ,!re are "s exceptions 9 trumps4 ,= in/ance3 ,y h ,k ,q x2 ,dummy has ,a ,j x x1 & y\r p>tn] leads4 ,unless ,dummy plays ,ace1 y %\ld put on ! ,k+1 & *ange ! suit4 ,if y hold ,ace & o!rs 9 a pla9 suit1 p>tn] lead+ ,jack1 pass x if ,dummy has no hon\r4 ,p]haps by w9n+ ! second r\nd y c give ! invit$ =ce4 ,) any o!r hon\rs ?an ! ,ace1 pass a p>tn]'s ,jack l$4 ,if p>tn] leads y a suit ( :i* he kn[s1 or %\ld "k1 y h n ! be/1 he mu/ h a good f9esse 9 ! suit :i* he does n lead1 & y %\ld take ! fir/ opportunity to lead t suit to him4 ,9 return+ p>tn]'s suits1 "s modification may be sugge/$ by ! condition ( ,dummy's h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,) ,k x x2 ,dummy hav+ ,a ,q ,j x2 if y w91 ?ird h&1 on ,dummy's f9esse1 y may be sure y\r p>tn]'s lead 0 a weak suit4 ,if ,dummy is weak 9 ! two o!r pla9 suits1 y\r p>tn] may h a good f9esse 9 "o or bo? ( !m4 ,:5 y\r p>tn] w9s ! fir/ r\nd ( an adv]se suit1 & imm$iately returns x1 he is invit+ a =ce4 ,dummy on ! ,left4 ,:5 ! play] is ?ird h& ) ,dummy on 8 left1 8 *ief c>e w be to div9e 8 p>tn]'s object 9 lead+ c]ta9 c>ds up to ,dummy4 ,! g5]al pr9ciples ( inf]5ce are ! same z 9 ! prec$+ case1 & c>ds may (t5 be inf]r$ 9 ! same mann] f ! evid5t int5tion ( p>tn]4 ,= in/ance3 ,y hold ,k x x2 p>tn] leads ,j1 decl>] cov]+ ) ,que54 ,a glance at ,dummy's c>ds %[s him to h #aj x x2 s y\r p>tn] may be cr$it$ ) ,a #i4 ,y h x x2 y\r p>tn] lead+ ,q1 cov]$ by decl>] ) ,k1 & ,dummy hav+ ,j x x4 ,y may cr$it y\r p>tn] ) ,a #aj4 ,y h x x2 y\r p>tn] leads ,q & decl>] w9s ) ,ace2 ,dummy hold+ #aj x x4 ,y\r p>tn] mu/ h ,j #i & o!rs1 & ! decl>] has ! ,k+4 ,!re are sev]al cases 9 :i* y %\ld n all[ ,dummy to w9 ! trick4 ,if y h only "o c>d ( a suit 9 :i* y\r p>tn] leads ,ace !n ,que51 & ,dummy has ! ,k+ twice gu>d$1 trump at once1 if y c to prev5t ,dummy f gett+ into ! lead4 ,y\r p>tn] leads ,que52 y hold+ ,a #aj x1 & ,dummy hav+ ,k x x4 ,let ! ,k+ make on ! fir/ r\nd4 ,if y\r p>tn] leads a small c>d up to /r5g? 9 ,dummy's h&1 he is ei!r invit+ a =ce1 or try+ to e/abli% a long suit4 ,"u su* circum/ances1 if y h ! ,ace1 play x1 & lead a second r\nd ( ! suit imm$iately1 :i* w settle ! "q4 ,if y h ,q ,j #aj ( a suit 9 :i* p>tn] leads ,k+1 play ! ,jack1 s t he w c\nt y = ,q or no m1 & w n g on ) ! ,ace4 ,,9 ,,g5]al4 ,bo? ! adv]s>ies ( ,dummy %\ld adopt ! usual tactics = unblock+1 etc41 especially 9 no-trump]s1 & 9 "s cases ,dummy's expos$ c>ds w make ! matt] m simple4 ,= in/ance3 ,y hold ,a ,q alone1 ( a suit :i* p>tn] leads4 ,if y are ! pone1 & ,dummy has n ! ,k+1 play ,ace & return ! ,que54 ,,f\r? ,,h&4 ,!re is only "o diff]5ce f ! usual me?ods 9 play+ f\r? h&1 & t is 9 indicat+ sequ5ces by w9n+ ) ! be/ & return+ ! l[e/ to %[ ! int]m$iate c>ds4 ,= in/ance3 ,f\r? play]1 hold+ ,k ,q ,j x1 w9s ) ,k+ & returns ! ,jack4 ,or ) ,a ,k ,q1 w9s ) ,ace & returns ! ,que54 ,! reason = ?is is t ! decl>] ga9s no?+ by ! in=mation1 = he kn[s f ! fir/ :at c>ds are out aga9/ him2 b ! in=mation may be valuable to y\r p>tn]1 ! second h&4 ,if x is n ! int5tion to return ! suit at once1 ! l[e/ ( ! sequ5ce %\ld be play$4 ,,play+ ,,to ,,! ,,score4 ,?is is a mo/ important elem5t1 & !re is no sur] indication ( a c>eless or weak play] ?an 8 inatt5tion to ! score4 ,"o _c be too e>ly impress$ ) ! importance ( sav+ ! game be=e try+ to w9 x2 al?\gh great risks may be tak5 to w9 a game t _c be lo/ t h&4 ,nev] risk a sure contract 9 ! hope ( mak+ m2 unless ! two w w9 ! game1 & ! odd trick w n w9 x4 ,nev] risk a trick t w save ! game 9 ! hope ( w9n+ m1 & always set a contract :ile y c4 ,,disc>d+4 ,?is is "o ( ! /ill unsettl$ que/ions ( bridge tactics1 "s believ+ 9 disc>d+ ! weak suit always2 o!rs ! /rong suit always1 & o!rs "o or ! o!r accord+ to ! decl>ation4 ,aga9/ a trump decl>ation almo/ e "o agrees t x is be/ to disc>d ! be/ suit1 s t if y\r p>tn] gets 9 be=e y d1 he may h some?+ to guide him z to :at y\r be/ *ance is = any m tricks4 ,aga9/ no-trump]s1 ! majority ( play]s hug e possible trick 9 _! long suit & disc>d _! weak suits1 on ! gr\nd t x is folly to ?r[ away c>ds t might w9 tricks4 ,:ile ?is is true1 x is also true t 9 disc>d+ _! weak suit !y too (t5 enable ! decl>] to w9 tricks t !y might h /opp$4 ,= ?is reason1 _m play]s disc>d ! suit !y are n afraid (2 t is1 _! be/ protect$ suit1 & keep :at protection !y h 9 ! weak suits1 ev5 if x is no?+ b ?ree to a ,jack or t54 ,un=tunately1 no "o has yet be5 able to advance any argum5t suffici5tly conv9c+ = ei!r sy/em to demon/rate t x is bett] ?an ! o!r4 ,"s ( ! be/ tea*]s ( ! game advocate ! disc>d f /r5g? aga9/ no-trumps2 o!rs tea* ! weak disc>d4 ,,enc\rag+ ,,disc>ds4 ,9 ord] to di/+ui% betwe5 disc>ds f weakness & ^? f /r5g?1 _m play]s use :at is call$ an enc\rag+ c>d4 ,?is is any?+ high] ?an a six1 if !y h protection 9 ! suit1 or want x l$4 ,a play] ) an e/abli%$ suit1 & ,a #h #b ( ano!r suit1 = in/ance1 w\ld disc>d ! #h1 to enc\rage 8 p>tn] to lead t suit & put him 94 ,9 case !re is no c>d high] ?an ! six1 ! rev]se disc>d is us$4 ,) ,a #d #b1 ! play w\ld be ! #d & !n ! #b4 ,"s use ?is rev]se or enc\rag+ c>d to induce ! p>tn] to cont9ue ! suit he is lead+1 b ! practice is confus+4 ,,! ,,decl>]',s ,,play4 ,! *ief diff]5ce betwe5 ! play ( ! ,dummy & p>tn]1 & t ( _! adv]s>ies1 is t !re is no occasion = ! =m] to play on ! probability ( p>tn]'s hold+ c]ta9 c>ds1 because a glance w %[ :e!r he holds !m or n4 ,!re is no hop+ t he may h c]ta9 c>ds ( re-entry1 or /r5g? 9 trumps1 or t he w be able to /op an adv]se suit1 or any?+ ( t sort1 = ! facts are expos$ f ! fir/4 ,in/ead ( adapt+ 8 play to ! sl[ly asc]ta9$ conditions ( p>tn]'s h&1 ! decl>] %\ld h x mapp$ out & det]m9$ ^u be=e he plays a c>d4 ,he may see two c\rses op5 to him2 to draw ! trumps & make a long suit1 or to secure su* disc>ds z w give him a good cross-ruff4 ,a rapid e/imate ( ! probable results ( ea* l9e ( play1 a glance at ! score1 & 8 m9d %\ld be made up4 ,sev]al examples ( ?is =esight w be f\nd 9 ! example h&s4 ,ano!r po9t ( diff]5ce is1 t ! decl>] %\ld play false c>ds :5ev] possible4 ,he has n a p>tn] :o1 if he plays ! ,k+1 might jump to ! conclusion t he c trump a suit1 or has n ! ,que54 ,! m ?or\ghly ! adv]s>ies are confus$1 ! great] ! advantage to ! decl>]1 especially 9 ! end game4 ,) a ,trump4 ,:5 ! w9n+ decl>ation is a suit = trumps1 ! decl>]'s fir/ consid]ation ^u gett+ into ! lead mu/ be :e!r or n to lead trumps4 ,z a rule1 ! trumps %\ld be l$ at once1 s z to exhau/ ! adv]s>ies2 b !re are exceptional cases1 ! pr9cipal ones be+3-- ,d n lead trumps f ! /rong trump h& if x w\ld be to y\r advantage to put ! o!r h& 9 ! lead ) a pla9 suit1 s z to let ! trump lead come f ! weak] h& to ! /rong]1 z :5 a f9esse 9 trumps is desirable4 ,d n lead trumps if y h no good pla9 suit1 & c make m tricks by play+ = a cross-ruff4 ,d n lead trumps if ! weak] h& c trump "s ( y\r los+ c>ds fir/4 ,x (t5 happ5s t a los+ trump c be us$ to w9 a trick be=e trumps are l$4 ,at ,no-trump4 ,! decl>]'s fir/ c>e 9 a no-trump] mu/ be to select ! suit t he w play =4 ,f\r simple rules cov] ?is *oice3-- #a4 ,always lead f ! weak h& to ! /rong if ! suit is n already e/abli%$4 #b4 ,play = ! suit 9 :i* y h ! greate/ numb] ( c>ds betwe5 ! two h&s1 because x w probably yield ! greate/ numb] ( tricks4 #c4 ,if two suits are equal 9 numb]1 play = ! "o 9 :i* y h ! greate/ numb] ( c>ds mass$ 9 "o h&4 ,t is1 if y h two suits ( eight c>ds ea*1 select ! "o t has six ( ^? c>ds 9 "o h&1 9 pref]5ce to ! suit ) f\r 9 ea* h&4 #d4 ,ev]y?+ else be+ equal1 play = ! suit :i* is %[n 9 ! ,dummy1 s z to conceal f ! adv]s>ies z long z possible ! /r5g? 9 y\r own h&4 ,a suit is said to be e/abli%$ :5 y c w9 e rema9+ trick 9 x1 no matt] :o leads x4 ,z x is v important t ! h& :i* is long] 9 ! suit %\ld be able to lead x )\t int]ruption :5 x is e/abli%$1 good play]s make x a rule always to play ! high c>ds f ! %ort] h& fir/1 s z to get out ( ! way4 ,) ,q #aj & ?ree o!rs 9 "o h&1 ,k ,j & "o o!r 9 ! o!r h&1 ! play is ! ,k & ,j f ! %ort h&1 keep+ ! ,q #aj 9 ! long h&4 ,if !re is any *oice1 t suit %\ld be select$ :i* conta9s ! longe/ sequ5ce1 or ! sequ5ce ) ! fewe/ breaks4 ,x %\ld be notic$ t ! sequ5ce ne$ n be 9 "o h&2 = x is almo/ z valuable if divid$1 & x is especially advantage\s to h ! high] c>ds conceal$ 9 ! decl>]'s h&4 ,its cont9uity is ! *ief po9t4 ,= in/ance3 ,decl>] & ,dummy hold betwe5 !m "o suit ( ,k ,j #i #g #e #d #c1 & ano!r ( ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #e4 ,! latt] %\ld be select$1 because two leads mu/ e/abli% x4 ,9 e/abli%+ a long suit x is v important to note ! fall ( ! miss+ c>ds 9 ! sequ5ces4 ,9 ! fir/ ( ! two comb9ations j giv51 ! decl>] %\ld be z c>eful to wat* = ! fall ( ! #h & #f z = ! ,a ,q & #aj4 ,lead+4 ,x is q unnecess>y to foll[ any sy/em ( leads1 fur!r ?an to di/+ui% betwe5 ! comb9ations f :i* high or l[ c>ds are l$4 ,b x is important to rememb] t al?\gh a high-c>d comb9ation may be divid$1 x %\ld be play$ z if 9 "o h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,! decl>] holds ,q ,j x x x ( a suit2 ,dummy hav+ ,a x x4 ,by lead+ ,q or ,j1 ,dummy is enabl$ to f9esse1 z if he held ,a ,q ,j4 ,! decl>] holds ,k ,j x x x2 ,dummy hav+ ,q x x4 ,! play is to =ce ! ,ace1 z if ! comb9ation ( ,k ,q ,j x x 7 9 "o h&4 ,_m opportunities arise = lead+ ! ,ace fir/ f a %ort suit1 9 ord] to secure a ruff on ! second or ?ird r\nd4 ,second ,h& ,play4 ,if any c>d is l$ by ! adv]s>ies :i* ! f\r? h& _c w91 ! second h& %\ld cov] x if possible2 = unless he does s1 8 weakness w be expos$1 & ! suit w be cont9u$4 ,?is is especially true ( cases 9 :i* ! second h& holds s+le hon\rs1 su* z ,jack & o!rs1 or ,que5 & o!rs4 ,ev5 ! ,k+ %\ld be play$ second h& 9 su* cases1 unless x is s well gu>d$ t ! ,ace mu/ fall be=e ! ,k+ c be =c$ out4 ,if ! f\r? h& c w9 ! c>d l$1 x is seldom necess>y to cov] second h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,if ! ,jack ( trumps is l$1 ! deal] hold+ ,q #i #g #d1 & ,dummy hav+ ,a #f #c #b2 !re is no ne$ to play ! ,que54 ,if ! ,k+ is 9 ?ird h&1 su* play w\ld e/abli% ! ,t54 ,if ! ,k+ is ) ! lead]1 x or ! ,t5 mu/ make4 ,if ,dummy 7 second h& ) ! same c>ds1 ,jack be+ l$1 he %\ld n play ! ,ace1 = ?ird h& mu/ play ! ,k+ to %ut out ! ,que54 ,) ,a ,q #i1 p>tn] hav+ ,k & o!rs1 x is be/ to play ,a on ,j l$4 ,if ! deal] has ,ace & sev]al o!rs ( a suit l$1 ,dummy hav+ only two small c>ds1 a =ce may be c]ta9ly secur$ by pass+ ! fir/ r\nd4 ,if ,dummy has ! ,ace1 & passes second h&1 ! deal] fail+ to w9 ! trick1 ! adv]s>ies w ( c\rse see t ! play is made 9 ord] to =ce ! deal] on ! ?ird r\nd4 ,if ,dummy is weak 9 trumps1 & has only "o c>d ( a suit 9 :i* ! deal] has ,ace & o!rs1 ! ,ace %\ld be play$1 & ,dummy =c$1 unless !re is a bett] game4 ,x is a disadvantage to play 9 second h& f suits 9 :i* ea* has a gu>d$ hon\r4 ,if ! deal] has ,q x x1 & ,dummy has ,j x1 !y mu/ make a trick 9 t suit if !y play a small c>d second h&1 & avoid lead+ ! suit4 ,! same is true ( ! adv]s>ies2 b !y mu/ play on ! *ance t ! p>tn] has ! hon\r1 :]eas ! deal] kn[s x4 ,f9ess+4 ,?is is a v important "p ( ! /rategy ( ! game = ! deal]4 ,! adv]s>ies ( ! deal] nev] f9esse 9 bridge2 b ! deal] himself relies ^u f9ess+ = any extra tricks he may want4 ,a f9esse is any attempt to w9 a trick ) a c>d :i* is n ! be/ y hold1 nor 9 sequ5ce ) x4 ,suppose y h ,ace & ,que5 9 ! h& :i* is long] 9 ! suit & lead f ! %ort] h& a small c>d4 ,if y play ! ,que51 t is a f9esse1 because y hope to take a trick ) x1 al?\gh ! ,k+ is aga9/ y4 ,x is usually bad play to f9esse :5 !re are n9e c>ds ( ! suit betwe5 ! two h&s1 deal]'s & ,dummy's1 because !re is a good *ance t ! c>d y wi% to f9esse aga9/ may fall4 ,:5 x w be necess>y to take two f9esses 9 ! same suit1 ! lead mu/ come twice f ! weak] h&4 ,suppose ! deal] holds ,a ,q ,j & o!rs4 ,if ! fir/ f9esse ( ! ,jack w9s1 he %\ld put ,dummy 9 aga91 s z to take a second f9esse ( ! ,que54 ,suppose ! deal] holds ,a ,j #aj1 & f9esses ! t5 ! fir/ "t4 ,if x falls to ! ,que51 he %\ld get ,dummy 9 aga91 s z to take ! second f9esse ) ! ,jack4 ,! idea is to take advantage ( ! fact t ! odds are aga9/ bo? ,k+ & ,que5 be+ 9 "o h&4 ,if !y are bo? on ! "r1 "o ( !m w be play$ on ! small c>d l$ f ,dummy1 & !n ! deal] c w9 x ) ! ,ace & =ce out ! o!r high c>d ) 8 ,jack1 :i* w h become "o ( ! second & ?ird-be/ ( ! suit4 ,re-entry ,c>ds4 ,aft] a suit has be5 cle>$1 or e/abli%$1 x w be necess>y to get into ! lead ) x4 ,= ?is purpose ! deal] mu/ be c>eful to pres]ve a re-entry c>d 9 ! h& :i* is long] 9 ! suit4 ,suppose t ,dummy's long suit is clubs1 b t ! ,ace is aga9/ him1 & t 8 only w9n+ c>d outside is ! ,ace ( diamonds4 ,if diamonds are l$1 & ! deal] has ! ,que51 he mu/ let ! lead come up to 8 h& s z to keep ,dummy's ,ace ( diamonds = a re-entry to br+ ! clubs into play aft] ! ,ace has be5 =c$ out & ! suit e/abli%$4 ,_m ( ! prettie/ plays 9 bridge are 9 ! managem5t ( re-entry c>ds4 ,und]play4 ,:5 ! deal] is afraid ( a suit :i* is op5$ aga9/ him1 & has only "o w9n+ c>d 9 x1 su* z ! ,ace1 he %\ld hold up t c>d until ! ?ird h& has no m ( ! suit to lead to 8 p>tn]4 ,! orig9al lead] w !n h to get 9 himself1 because 8 p>tn] _c help him2 b if ! deal] gave up ! ,ace on ! fir/ trick1 x w\ld n matt] :i* p>tn] got into ! lead1 !y w\ld return to ! suit fir/ op5$4 ,duck+4 ,?is is a me?od ( play by :i* ! deal] hopes to make 8 own suit ev5 :5 ! h& t is long] 9 x has no re-entry c>d4 ,suppose ,dummy holds six clubs to ! ,ace ,k+1 & n ano!r trick 9 8 h&4 ,! deal] has two small clubs only to lead4 ,if ! two w9n+ clubs are l$ "r out1 x is impossible to cat* ! ,q ,j #aj1 no matt] h[ ^? c>ds lie1 !re=e ! deal] leads a club1 b makes no attempt to w9 ! fir/ r\nd4 ,no matt] :at is play$ by ! adv]s>ies he ducks ! fir/ r\nd1 keep+ 8 ,ace & ,k+4 ,next "t ! deal] gets 91 he leads ano!r club1 & n[ he is able to w9 ! second & ?ird r\nds ( ! suit1 & w probably cat* all ! adv]se c>ds & e/abli% x4 ,! deal]'s play always requires c>eful plann+ ( ! :ole h& 9 advance4 ,,! ,,nullo4 ,al?\gh n yet 9 ! (ficial laws ( ! game1 ?is bid seems to be a popul> "o ) _m play]s4 ,x is a contract to lose tricks in/ead ( w9n+ !m1 & is prim>ily a def5ce aga9/ ov]:elm+ly /rong no-trump]s4 ,a bid ( ?ree nullos means t ! decl>] w =ce 8 oppon5ts to w9 n9e tricks1 he w9n+ f\r only1 s t ea* trick "u sev5 c\nts = ! nullo play] on 8 side4 ,,scor+4 ,!re is "s diff]5ce ( op9ion z to ! prop] value = ! nullo1 b ! g5]al v]dict seems to be to put x j bel[ ! no-trump] at #aj a trick1 no hon\rs4 ,two no-trumps w outbid two nullos4 ,if ! adv]s>ies ( a nullo revoke1 ! decl>] c give !m ?ree ( 8 tricks1 or take #ajj 9 hon\rs z p5alty4 ,if he revokes1 !y take #ajj p5alty z usual4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,bidd+4 ,! deal] %\ld nev] bid a nullo orig9ally1 z x gives 8 p>tn] no in=mation z to ! di/ribution ( ! suits4 ,:5 any play] has "o long suit good = ei!r no trumps or nullos1 su* z ,a ,k ,q #f #d #b1 he %\ld 8%\t10 bidd+ a trick m ?an necess>y4 ,s+letons & miss+ suits are valuable p>ts ( a nullo h&1 z !y af=d opportunities = disc>ds4 ,x is always dang]\s to bid a nullo )\t ! deuce ( ! longe/ suit4 ,if ! deal] bids a spade1 8 p>tn] may safely bid "o nullo1 because ! contract is seldom or nev] obta9$ = less ?an two or ?ree1 b he %\ld n p]si/ 9 ! nullo if 8 p>tn] does n assi/ x4 ,! great] ! opposition f a no-trump]1 ! m probable t ! nullo w succe$1 b x is a dang]\s decl>ation 9 any case4 ,! play] ) aces & k+s is sure to w9 tricks1 reg>dless ( 8 p>tn]'s h&1 b deuces & treys are n sure to lose1 z ! p>tn] may h all high c>ds1 al?\gh n ! tops4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,! ,,play4 ,! decl>] %\ld c\nt up ! tricks he mu/ w91 & z a rule w9 !m e>ly1 bun*+ 8 high c>ds z mu* z possible4 ,suits ) two small c>ds & two high ones mu/ w9 "o trick1 b %\ld escape ) t4 ,! great po9t is to lead los+ c>ds f "o h& & disc>d dang]\s c>ds 9 o!r suits f ! o!r h& :5ev] possible4 ,! oppon5ts ( a nullo %\ld lead _! %orte/ suits1 s z to get disc>ds lat]1 keep+ _! eyes on ! dummy & =c+ x to w9 tricks :5ev] possible1 b nev] all[+ x to get a disc>d4 ,! p>tn]'s leads %\ld be return$ unless a s+leton c be l$ at once4 ,x is usual to lead ! top ( two c>ds1 ! int]m$iate ( ?ree or m1 & to avoid lead+ suits t are safe1 ) small c>ds at ! bottom4 ,,illu/rative ,,auction ,,h&s4 ,z is ! deal] 9 bo? in/ances1 b ,y makes ! w9n+ decl>ation1 s t ,b leads = ! fir/ trick4 ,! fir/ illu/ration is /raight auction2 ! second is a nullo4 ,! und]l9$ c>d w9s ! trick & ! c>d "u x is ! next "o l$4 -------------------- --------------------- ,a ,y ,b ,z ,a ,y ,b ,z -------------------- --------------------- ,q #b #i #b #a ,a ,q ,j #i ,a #f #h #c #b ,k #f #h #e ,k #aj #d #g #c #aj #d ,a #c #e ,j #c ,j #d ,j #c #i ,a #b ,q #d #e #e #e ,q ,k #f #aj #i #g ,j #f ,q #f ,j ,k #d #c #h ,a #g #g ,j #e #aj #g #e #i ,k #h #aj #g ,q #i #h #c #b #f #i #e #d #b #c #d ,q #aj #i #aj #g #b #d ,k #e ,a #f #g #aa #aj #d ,a #h #h ,k #aj ,q #ab #h #c #i #f ,j #f ,a ,k #ac #g #b #h #b -------------------- --------------------- ,9 ! fir/ example ! deal]1 ,z1 bids a he>t4 ,a says "o royal & ,y two clubs4 ,?is bid ( ,y's d5ies any support = 8 p>tn]'s he>ts1 b %[s a support+ m9or suit1 9 case ,z is /rong en\gh to g on ) ! he>ts4 ,b bids two royals z he c /op ! he>ts twice & ruff ! clubs4 ,z _c pursue ! he>ts1 b %[s 8 support+ m9or suit1 bidd+ ?ree diamonds4 ,?is says to ,y1 8,g no trumps if y c /op ! spades40 ,:5 ,a passes1 hav+ bid 8 h& on ! fir/ r\nd1 ,y goes two no trumps & makes game4 ,b leads ! top ( 8 p>tn]'s decl>$ suit1 & ,a leads a f\r? r\nd1 hop+ to get 9 ) ! club jack4 ,at tricks #h & #i1 ,b signals control 9 he>ts4 ,a keeps ! protection 9 clubs to ! end & saves a trick by x4 ,y keeps two clubs 9 dummy1 s t if club is l$1 he w h "o to return aft] he has made 8 diamonds4 ,9 ! second example1 !y are play+ nullos1 ,y decl>+4 ,! po9ts 9 ! play are hold+ ! spade que51 s z to lead a diamond or a spade at trick #f4 ,?is ,b prev5ts1 hop+ to =ce two clubs on ,y & ,z & set ! contract4 ,at trick #g1 if ! he>ts are split1 ! que5 mu/ w9 ! t54 ,if n1 ,z mu/ w9 "o he>t trick4 ,y makes 8 contract1 los+ f\r odd4 ,,bridge4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 /raight bridge1 z x is sometimes call$1 & auction is 9 ! me?od ( select+ ! trump1 :i* mu/ be decl>$ by ! deal] or 8 p>tn]1 ! oppon5ts hav+ no?+ to say except to d\ble ! decl>ation if !y ?9k x w n w9 ! odd trick4 ,ano!r po9t is t ei!r side c score t[>d game by gett+ ! odd trick or m1 !re be+ no p5alties = failure to make ! odd except los+ ! value ( ! tricks because ! deal] nev] decl>es to make any giv5 numb] ( tricks on ! h&4 ,!re are "s irregul>ities :i* are peculi> to /raight bridge t w\ld n apply to auction4 ,^! are fully cov]$ by ! foll[+ description ( ! game1 all o!r matt]s1 su* z ! correct c>d to lead & ! mann] ( comb9+ ! h&s1 h be5 fully describ$ 9 connection ) auction4 ,,mak+ ,,! ,,trump4 ,?is is ! *ief peculi>ity 9 bridge4 ,! trump is n turn$ up1 b ! suit is nam$ by ! deal] or 8 p>tn]1 aft] !y h exam9$ _! c>ds4 ,9 ord] prop]ly to und]/& ! consid]ations :i* guide !m 9 mak+ ! trump1 "o %\ld fir/ be famili> ) ! values atta*$ to ! tricks :5 c]ta9 suits are trumps4 ,! fir/ six tricks tak5 by "o side d n c\nt2 b ea* trick above t numb] c\nts t[>d game accord+ to ! foll[+ table3-- ,:5 ,spades are trumps1 ea* trick c\nts #b po9ts4 0 ,clubs 0 0 0 0 0 #d 0 0 ,diamonds 0 0 0 0 0 #f 0 0 ,he>ts 0 0 0 0 0 #h 0 0 !re is no trump1 0 0 0 #ab 0 ,bett] to und]/& ! importance ( ?is v>iation 9 value1 x %\ld be notic$ t ! game is #cj po9ts2 s t if two p>tn]s won #c by c>ds ) no trump1 or #d by c>ds ) he>ts = trumps1 !y w\ld w9 ! game 9 "o deal4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ei!r ( ! black suits 7 trumps1 !y c\ld n lose ! game1 ev5 if a slam 7 made aga9/ !m4 ,x w ?us be evid5t t two consid]ations influ5ce ! play] ^: privilege x is to make ! trump3 ,fir/1 to w9 z mu* z possible1 if he has ! c>ds to d x4 ,second1 to save himself1 if he is weak2 or ! game1 if x is 9 dang]4 ,z a g5]al proposition1 x may be said t 8 decision w be indicat$ by ! col\r ( ! trump he names4 ,if x is r$1 he is /rong1 & plays to w92 if x is black1 he is tak+ to ! woods4 ,a fur!r elem5t may ent] into 8 calculations1 ! /ate ( ! score4 ,if he feels sure ( ! few po9ts necess>y to w9 ! game or ! rubb] ) a black trump1 !re is no necessity to risk mak+ x r$4 ,?is is a "p ( ! subject :i* we %all g into fur!r :5 we come to ! sugge/ions = good play4 ,! deal] has ! fir/ say 9 mak+ ! trump4 ,if he does n feel himself /rong en\gh to make x no trump1 or r$1 al?\gh 8 h& may be black en\gh to promise a good score 9 clubs or spades1 he %\ld transf] to 8 p>tn] ! privilege ( mak+ ! trump by say+3 8,i leave x to y1 p>tn]40 ,guid$ by ?is indication1 8 p>tn] mu/ fix on "s suit = ! trump or g no-trumps1 & mu/ ann\nce x4 ,ei!r ! deal] or 8 p>tn] may elect to play )\t a trump1 if he has suffici5t /r5g? 9 all ! suits to d s4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,decl>+4 ,if ! deal]'s p>tn] makes a decl>ation be=e be+ ask$ to d s1 ei!r adv]s>y may dem& t ! decl>ation %all /&1 or t !re %all be a new deal4 ,9 ,engl&1 only ! elde/ h&1 ,a1 may exact ! p5alty4 ,if ! deal]'s p>tn] passes ! decl>ation to ! deal]1 ei!r adv]s>y may claim a new deal or may insi/ t ! play] 9 error %all make ! decl>ation4 ,9 ,engl&1 ! elde/ h& exacts ?is p5alty4 ,%\ld an adv]s>y ( ! deal] make a decl>ation1 ! deal] may1 aft] look+ at 8 own h&1 ei!r h a new deal or proce$ z if no?+ _h be5 said4 ,,settl+ ,,! ,,value ,,( ,,! ,,tricks4 ,! trump suit hav+ be5 ann\nc$1 ! fir/ h& or lead]1 ,a1 be=e he plays a c>d1 has ! privilege ( d\bl+ ! value ( ! tricks if he ?9ks ! oppon5ts _c w9 ! odd trick ) ! trump nam$4 ,to d ?is1 he simply says3 8,i d\ble40 ,if he does n feel ju/ifi$ 9 d\bl+1 he transf]s ! opportunity to 8 p>tn]1 by ask+ him3 8,%all ,i play80 ,t is to say1 8%all we play )\t d\bl+80 ,if 8 p>tn] w n d\ble1 he answ]s3 8,yes40 ,ei!r ,a or ,b hav+ d\bl$1 x becomes ! privilege ( ! play] :o made ! trump to d\ble him aga92 mak+ ! value ( ! trick f\r times great] ?an t giv5 9 ! table4 ,if he does n d s1 he says3 8,i pass02 & 8 p>tn] !n has ! privilege4 ,if ei!r ! deal] or 8 p>tn] d\bles1 ! adv]s>y :o fir/ d\bl$ may repeat x2 or if he passes1 8 p>tn] may d\ble4 ,?is d\bl+ may be cont9u$ until ! value ( ea* trick ov] ! book is #ajj po9ts1 :5 x mu/ cease4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,d\bl+4 ,if ! pone d\bles be=e 8 p>tn] has ask$ him 8,%all ,i play80 ! mak] ( ! trump %all say :e!r or n ! d\ble %all /&4 ,if he all[s x to /& x may be r$\bl$4 ,%\ld a play] r$\ble out ( turn1 ! "o :om he r$\bles %all h ! "r to say :e!r or n ! r$\ble %all /&4 ,any consultation betwe5 p>tn]s z to d\bl+ or r$\bl+ w entitle _! adv]s>ies to insi/ on a new deal4 ,if ! elde/ h& leads )\t ask+ 8 p>tn]'s p]mission to play1 ! pone _c d\ble )\t ! cons5t ( ! mak] ( ! trump4 ,%\ld ! pone ask ! elde/ h&1 8,%all ,i play80 t does n deprive ! elde/ h& ( ! "r to d\ble4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! trump suit & ! value ( ! tricks settl$1 ! play] on ! deal]'s left beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases4 ,aft] he has play$1 ! second play]1 ,y1 lays 8 h& face up on ! table1 & takes no fur!r "p 9 ! play beyond avail+ himself ( ! privilege ( ask+ 8 p>tn] if he has none ( a suit to :i* he r5\nces4 ,f ! mom5t t ,y's c>ds are expos$ ! game becomes ,dummy1 ! deal]1 ,z1 play+ ,y's c>ds = him4 ,! deal] ga!rs ! tricks = 8 side2 ei!r adv]s>y may ga!r = ! o!r4 ,! fir/ six tricks tak5 by "o side make a 8book0 & all ov] six c\nt t[>d game4 ,! tricks %\ld be s laid t !y c be readily c\nt$ by any play] at ! table4 ,! ,revoke4 ,%\ld a play] fail to foll[ suit :5 able to d s1 x is a revoke4 ,dummy _c revoke "u any circum/ances2 b ! p5alty = any o!r play] is ! loss ( ?ree tricks = ea* revoke made1 :i* are tak5 f ! side 9 error at ! end ( ! h&4 ,9 ,engl&1 ! p5alty may be exact$ 9 any ( ?ree ways2 ?ree tricks1 or ! value ( ?ree tricks 9 po9ts1 or ! addition ( a l am\nt to oppon5t's score4 ,a slam _c be scor$ if ! tricks necess>y to make x 7 tak5 = ! revoke p5alty4 ,! side mak+ a revoke _c w9 ! game t h&1 no matt] :at !y score2 b !y may play ! h& out1 & c\nt all !y make to )9 two po9ts ( game1 or #bh4 ,play]s _c score a slam 9 a h& 9 :i* !y h revok$4 ,expos$ ,c>ds4 ,if ! deal] or 8 p>tn] exposes a c>d be=e ! decl>ation has be5 made1 ei!r adv]s>y may claim a new deal4 ,if any play] exposes a c>d be=e ! fir/ c>d is l$1 8 p>tn] =feits ! "r to d\ble or r$\ble4 ,if ! pone exposes a c>d 9 ?is mann]1 ! deal] may call x an expos$ c>d1 or he may require ! elde/ h& n to lead t suit4 ,if1 dur+ ! play ( ! h&1 ei!r adv]s>y ( ! deal] exposes a c>d1 by play+ two c>ds at once1 dropp+ "o face up on ! table1 or hold+ x s t 8 p>tn] c see any portion ( its face1 ! c>d s expos$ mu/ be left face upw>d on ! table1 & is liable to be call$4 ,expos$ c>ds c be call$ by ! deal] at any "t1 b he _c compel ! play ( a c>d :i* w\ld con/itute a revoke4 ,lead+ ,out ( ,turn4 ,if ei!r ( ! deal]'s adv]s>ies lead out ( turn1 ! deal] may ei!r call ! c>d expos$1 or may call a suit :5 x is ! turn ( ei!r adv]s>y to lead4 ,if ! deal] leads out ( turn1 !re is no p5alty1 b he _c correct ! error if ! second h& has play$4 ,c>ds ,play$ 9 ,error4 ,if any play] b ! ,dummy omits to play to a trick & does n correct ! error until he has play$ to ! next trick1 8 adv]s>ies may claim a new deal4 ,if any "o1 except+ ,dummy1 plays two c>ds to a trick & does n discov] x1 he is responsible = any revokes t he may make 9 consequ5ce ( n hav+ ! c>d 9 8 h&4 ,,object ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,z 9 all memb]s ( ! :i/ family1 ! object 9 ,bridge is to w9 tricks1 ! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9n+1 & trumps1 if any1 w9n+ aga9/ all o!r suits4 ,at ! end ( ea* h& ! side t has won any tricks 9 excess ( ! book1 scores !m1 aft] multiply+ _! numb] by ! unit ( value settl$ ^u by ! d\bl+1 if any took place4 ,z soon z ei!r side rea*es or passes #cj1 !y w9 ! game2 b ! h& mu/ be play$ out1 & all tricks tak5 mu/ be c\nt$4 ,! total is writt5 on ! score-%eet2 ! score ( ! los]s /&+ to _! cr$it until ! f9al acc\nt+ at ! end ( ! rubb]4 ,,rubb]s4 ,?ree games1 ( #cj po9ts ea*1 con/itute a rubb]2 b if ! fir/ two are won by ! same play]s1 ! ?ird is n play$4 ,! side w9n+ ! majority ( ! games adds #ajj 7rubb]7 po9ts to its score4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,! po9ts :i* ! beg9n] may pr(itably /udy 9 ,bridge are *iefly 9 mak+ ! trump1 & 9 ! me?ods by :i* ! h&s ( ! p>tn]s are comb9$1 s z to "w toge!r4 ,mak+ ! ,trump4 ,! bridge play]'s fir/ consid]ation %\ld be ! /ate ( ! score1 :i* w %[ h[ _m po9ts he ne$s to w9 ! game4 ,let u suppose ?is numb] to be #ab1 he hav+ already scor$ #ah4 ,^! #ab po9ts c be made by w9n+ six by c>ds ) spades = trumps2 ?ree by c>ds ) clubs2 or two by c>ds ) diamonds or he>ts4 ,b if ! h& c be play$ )\t a trump1 ! odd trick w9s ! game4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to say t a play] w\ld be v fooli% to engage himself to w9 six by c>ds if ! odd trick w\ld equally answ] 8 purpose2 nor w\ld he und]take to w9 ?ree by c>ds ) clubs = trumps1 if he _h z good a *ance ( mak+ two by c>ds ) diamonds or he>ts4 ,9 o!r words1 ! play] %\ld n make ! trump :i* promises ! greate/ numb] ( tricks1 b %\ld select t :i* w yield ! l>ge/ numb] ( po9ts4 ,x is = ?is reason t e good play] fir/ consid]s ! advisability ( mak+ x 8no-trump10 & if he ?9ks t injudici\s1 he>ts or diamonds1 leav+ ! black suits z a la/ resort4 ,x is ! cu/om inv>iably to make x no-trump ) ?ree ,aces1 unless ! h& is /rong en\gh = a he>t make1 or holds great hon\r value 9 r$4 ,9 e/imat+ ! probabilities ( trick-tak+1 x is usual to c\nt ! p>tn] = ?ree tricks on ! av]age4 ,cons]vative play]s d n dep5d on him = m ?an two4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ! mak] ( ! trump %\ld h f\r pretty c]ta9 tricks 9 8 own h&4 ,! deal] %\ld seldom ann\nce a black trump unless he has a c]ta9ty ( ! game 9 8 own h&1 )\t any assi/ance f 8 p>tn]1 or unless he has su* a poor h& t he mu/ make x a 8def5sive spade40 ,if he _c safely make x no-trump or r$1 he %\ld pass1 & all[ 8 p>tn] ! *ance4 ,) su* a h& z sev5 clubs1 includ+ f\r hon\rs1 & absolutely wor?less c>ds o!rwise1 ! deal] %\ld make x clubs1 except :5 ! adv]s>ies h won ! fir/ game1 & are ab\t #bj po9ts 9 ! second4 ,?is makes x n unlikely t !y w w9 ! rubb] on ! next h& ) _! deal4 ,"u su* circum/ances ! deal] mu/ inv>iably leave x to 8 p>tn]1 9 ! hope t he c save ! rubb] by mak+ x no-trump4 ,! deal]'s p>tn] %\ld be aw>e t !re _c be any reasonable hope ( f\r tricks 9 r$ 9 ! lead]'s h&1 or a r$ trump w\ld h be5 ann\nc$2 & unless he has at lea/ five probable tricks 9 8 own h& he %\ld n make x r$4 ,) ?ree ,aces he %\ld make x no-trump4 ,f\r ,aces is always a no-trump]1 no matt] :at ! re/ ( ! h& may be4 ,if he is oblig$ to make x black1 & has ?ree or f\r probable tricks1 he %\ld ann\nce :i*ev] suit he is be/ 94 ,att5tion %\ld be paid to ! score2 = 9 _m in/ances ! suit mu/ be select$ s t ! adv]s>ies _c w9 ! game ) ! odd trick1 ev5 if !y d\ble4 ,d\bl+4 ,! deal] or 8 p>tn] hav+ ann\nc$ ! trump1 ! adv]s>y %\ld c>efully consid] ! score be=e d\bl+ or play+4 ,mo/ play]s consid] !mselves ju/ifi$ 9 d\bl+ :5 !y h six reasonably c]ta9 tricks 9 _! own h&s1 tru/+ p>tn] = "o only4 ,great caution %\ld be us$ 9 d\bl+ no-trump]s1 ! position ( ! lead be+ c>efully /udi$2 because ! odd trick usually settles ! fate ( ! game :5 a no-trump] is d\bl$4 ,:ile a play] ) ! lead1 & sev5 c]ta9 tricks 9 "o suit1 %\ld d\ble a no-trump]1 8 p>tn] w\ld be v fooli% to d s1 unless he _h1 9 addition to 8 long suit1 ! he>t ace2 = x is a conv5tionality ( ! game = ,a to lead he>ts if ,b d\bles a no-trump]4 ,! orig9al mak] ( ! trump %\ld be v /rong to ju/ify him 9 r$\bl+ ! adv]s>y4 ,if he _h f\r probable tricks orig9ally1 he may c\nt ! adv]s>y :o d\bles = five1 & ( ! f\r d\btful tricks rema9+1 ! odds are aga9/ p>tn] hav+ ! ?ree :i* w\ld be necess>y to w9 ! odd trick4 ,op5+ ,leads4 ,! fir/ lead mu/ necess>ily be made 9 ! d>k1 b ! selection ( ! suit w (t5 dep5d on ! trump1 & :e!r x 0 nam$ by ! deal] or by 8 p>tn]4 ,if ! deal] has made x r$1 & ,a has ! ,a ,k ( any pla9 suit1 he %\ld play ! ,k+1 s z to reta9 ! lead until ,dummy's h& is expos$4 ,if ! deal] passes x to 8 p>tn]1 he is probably weak 9 r$4 ,if ,y makes x he>ts1 ,a %\ld lead a support+ diamond1 unless he has /r5g? 9 ano!r suit4 ,if ,y has made x diamonds1 ,a %\ld lead a support+ he>t4 ,b 9 ei!r case1 if ,a has 9 8 h& su* c>ds z ,a ,k1 ev5 ( a black suit1 he %\ld play ! ,k+1 & wait to see ! ,dummy's h&4 ,if ,y has made x black1 ,a mu/ be guid$ by 8 own c>ds1 b %\ld give a r$ suit ! pref]5ce = 8 op5+ lead4 ,details z to ! correct c>d to lead & ! play aft] ! op5+ lead h be5 fully cov]$ 9 connection ) auction bridge1 :i* see4 ,! disc>d is usually c\pl$ ) ! sy/em ( op5+ aga9/ a d\bl$ no-trump]4 ,if y\r p>tn] says he is 8he>t & /rong0 he means t if y d\ble a no-trump] & he is elde/ h&1 he w lead y 8 be/ he>t1 & t he w disc>d 8 /rong suit :5 play+ aga9/ a no-trump]4 ,if he says he is 8he>t & weak10 he w lead ! top he>t2 b he w disc>d 8 weak suit4 ,if he says he is 8weak & weak10 he means t he w lead ! %orte/ or weake/ suit 9 8 h&1 if y d\ble no-trumps1 t be+ ! almo/ univ]sal cu/om 9 ,engl&4 ,all ! situations :i* h be5 cov]$ 9 ! play ( ! second1 ?ird & f\r? h&s at auction c be /udi$ ) advantage by ! bridge play]1 z ! mann] ( secur+ ! be/ results f c]ta9 di/ributions ( ! c>ds is ! same 9 bo? games4 ,! *ief diff]5ce lies 9 ! value ( ! tricks1 because at bridge ! oppon5ts ( ! decl>ation c score t[>d game1 & x is !re=e frequ5tly advisable to take a f9esse or make a play t w\ld be q unju/ifiable at auction1 if !re is any *ance t su* a play may w9 a game t w\ld be o!rwise impossible4 ,close att5tion to ! score is an important factor 9 bridge :i* does n op]ate 9 auction1 because 9 t game any previ\s score t[>d game is seldom ( any use1 eighte5 out ( e tw5ty deals be+ game h&s or no?+1 & ! deal] hav+ no m advantage 9 ! selection ( ! trump ?an any o!r play]4 ,9 bridge1 "o always calculates t ! deal] w g out if he is #ah or #bj up on ! score1 z almo/ any suit w d4 ,?is prompts ! side t has ! deal1 or a *ance to g game1 to lose no opportunity to w9 at once1 be=e ! o!r side gets a *ance at x4 ,,illu/rative ,,bridge ,,h&s4 ,! deal] is ,z 9 bo? in/ances4 ,9 ! fir/ example1 he makes x no-trump4 ,9 ! second1 ,dummy1 ,y1 makes x no-trump4 ,a leads 9 bo? cases3-- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ,a ,y ,b ,z ,a ,y ,b ,z ---------------------------------------- -------------- #g #c ,j ,k #a #f ,a #g #c ,q #b ,k ,j #b #e ,k #c #b ,a #h #f #b #c #h #aj #g ,j #d ,q #b #e #d #e #c ,a #d #d #c ,a #aj #e ,k #b #i ,j #c #e ,j ,a #f #e #d #f ,q #h #i #b #h #g #e #c #f ,q #i #g #c #d #h #g #d #h #i #f #f #d ,q #i #i #d #aj #f #i #e #h #g #aj ,a #i ,j #g #i ,j #e ,q #aa #aj ,q #h #b #aj #g #f ,a #ab #h ,k #aj #b ,k #aj ,k #aj #ac ,k ,a ,q ,j ---------------------------------------- -------------- ,! fir/ ( ^! examples %[s ! importance ( play+ = ! suit :i* is longe/ betwe5 ! two h&s4 ,obs]ve t ! deal] plays ! high c>ds f ! h& :i* is %ort] 9 ! suit1 & on ! second r\nd ( clubs is c>eful to give up ! high] ( two c>ds1 s z to get out ( ,dummy's way & cle>1 or e/abli%1 ! suit4 ,b1 hop+ to get 8 p>tn] into ! lead aga91 leads a he>t up to ,dummy's weakness1 & leads a he>t :i* w beat ,dummy's be/ he>t4 ,at ! elev5? trick1 unless ! deal] c make two tricks 9 spades by ! f9esse1 he _c w9 ! game4 ,! second example %[s ! importance ( pres]v+ a re-entry c>d 9 ! h& :i* is long] 9 ! suit ! deal] int5ds play+ =4 ,if ! deal] lets ! he>t come up to him1 x is true t he w make w9 ! fir/ trick ) ! ,jack2 b he w nev] w9 a trick ) ! ,que51 & !re=e he c nev] get 9 to make 8 clubs1 ev5 if he e/abli%es !m4 ,by putt+ up ! ,ace ( he>ts1 & keep+ bo? ,q & ,j 9 8 own h&1 he is c]ta9 ( a re-entry 9 he>ts4 ,on ! second r\nd ( clubs1 ! adv]s>y /ill hold+ up or und]play+1 ! deal] mu/ be c>eful to ov]take ,dummy's t5 ) 8 own ,jack1 s z to cont9ue ! suit )\t los+ ! lead4 ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,bridge4 ,,?ree ,,h& ,,auction4 ,?is is a game = ?ree active play]s only1 b f\r may =m a table4 ,ea* play] is = himself1 !re be+ no p>tn]%ips except ! tempor>y comb9ation aga9/ ! decl>] = ea* deal4 ,! play] :o cuts ! l[e/ c>d *ooses 8 seat & c>ds & ! play] ) ! next l[] cut sits on 8 left1 ! o!r on 8 "r4 ,! c>ds are dealt "o at a "t into f\r packets1 ( ?irte5 ea*1 j z 9 ! ord9>y game ( auction1 ! odd h& rema9+ unt\*$ until ! w9n+ decl>ation is decid$4 ,! deal] makes ! fir/ bid & !n ea* bids 9 turn until two pass4 ,! p5alty = bidd+ out ( turn is #ej po9ts add$ to ! score ( ea* oppon5t1 = d\bl+ out ( turn x is #ajj4 ,if bo? pass ! irregul>ity !re is no p5alty1 b if only "o passes1 ! ?ird may call att5tion to x4 ,! highe/ bidd] takes up ! dummy h&1 sorts x & lays x on ! table opposite him1 face up1 z soon z ! elde/ h& leads a c>d4 ,if !re is a play] sitt+ opposite ! highe/ bidd]1 he moves to ! vacant seat4 ,! game is #cj po9ts1 & ! w9n] ( a game adds #abe po9ts to 8 score at once4 ,! fir/ play] to w9 two games n only adds ! #abe = ! second game1 b #bej m = w9n+ ! rubb]4 ,hon\rs are scor$ by ea* play] sep>ately1 e hon\r be+ wor? z mu* z a trick 9 t suit4 ,f\r or five 9 "o h& c\nt d\ble4 ,at no trump1 ! aces c\nt = #aj ea* to ! hold]s1 f\r 9 "o h& #ajj4 ,! decl>] scores 8 dummy's hon\rs4 ,at ! end ( ! rubb]1 ea* w9s f or loses to ea* ( ! o!rs4 ,! score is usually made up 9 ?is way1 ! f9al am\nts to ! cr$it ( ea* be+ %[n 9 ! top l9e3 ,a1 #bdj ,b1 #ihj ,c1 #def ---------------------------- -#gdj #gdj #bae -#bae #ebd -#ebd ---- ---- ---- -#iee #abfd -#cji ,,duplicate ,,auction4 ,?is game may be play$ 9 any ( ! ways describ$ = ! movem5t ( trays & play]s "u ! head ( duplicate :i/4 ,tricks & hon\rs are scor$ z usual1 b !re are no games or rubb]s4 ,%\ld ! decl>] make #cj or m po9ts on a s+le h& he gets #abe po9ts bonus 9 ! hon\r column4 ,?is game is n[ cov]$ by ! (ficial laws = auction1 :i* see4 ,,bridge ,,= ,,?ree4 ,sometimes call$ ,dummy ,bridge1 or ,cut-,?roat4 ,! l[e/ cut deals ! fir/ h& & plays ! ,dummy4 ,if ! deal] w n decl>e on 8 own c>ds1 he passes1 & ,dummy mu/ decl>e accord+ to a fix$ s*$ule4 ,) ?ree or f\r aces2 no-trumps1 no matt] :at ! re/ ( ! h& may be4 ,) less ?an ?ree aces1 ,dummy _c make x no-trumps "u any circum/ances2 b mu/ "n ! longe/ suit4 ,if two suits are equal1 ! pips on ea* are c\nt$1 reckon+ aces z #aa ea*1 o!r hon\rs at #aj ea*1 & ! l>g] numb] ( pips is ! suit4 ,if ?is is /ill equal1 ! m valuable suit mu/ be decl>$4 ,no "o b ! elde/ h& may d\ble1 & no "o b ! deal] may r$\ble4 ,9 ord] to make ?is fair = bo? sides1 x is usual to let ! pone sort & decl>e on ,dummy's c>ds1 s t ! deal] %all n see !m until ! fir/ c>d is l$4 ,no matt] :at po9ts are made = tricks1 ! deal] only c score !m bel[ ! l9e1 to c\nt t[>d game4 ,if ! adv]s>ies make ! odd trick1 !y score above ! l9e1 9 ! hon\r column1 s t no "o c g out except on 8 own deal4 ,aft] ! deal is f9i%$ & scor$1 ! play]s move1 s z to br+ ab\t a *ange ( p>tn]s4 ,! "o on ! left ( ! vacant place moves into x1 & ! play] on 8 "r deals4 ,?ree ( ^! movem5ts br+ ab\t ! orig9al position4 ,ea* play]'s score is kept individually1 & :5 "o ( ! ?ree has won two games1 ! scores are add$ up & balanc$1 aft] giv+ ! w9n] #ajj rubb] po9ts4 ,ea* !n pays ! diff]5ce to ! o!rs4 ,suppose ! w9n] to be ,a1 ) #cbj2 ,b hav+ #hj & ,c #fd4 ,a w9s #bdj f ,b & #bef f ,c2 :ile ,b w9s #af f ,c4 ,,bridge ,,= ,,two4 ,sometimes call$ 8,*9ese ,bridge40 ,! deal] gives 8 adv]s>y f\r c>ds face d[n1 & !n deals f\r to himself1 also face d[n4 ,he !n di/ributes ! rema9d] ( ! pack by deal+ to 8 adv]s>y & himself alt]nately1 "o c>d at a "t1 keep+ !m sep>ate f ! fir/ f\r4 ,)\t lift+ or look+ at any ( ^! tw5ty-two c>ds1 ea* play] places elev5 ( !m 9 two r[s1 face d[n1 & !n ! o!r elev5 on ! top ( ! fir/1 b face up4 ,?is gives ea* play] elev5 c>ds face up on ! table1 cov]+ elev5 face d[n "u !m1 & a sep>ate h& ( f\r c>ds4 ,! deal] looks at 8 f\r c>ds1 )\t %[+ !m to 8 adv]s>y1 & aft] due consid]ation ( :at he sees on ! table1 decl>es4 ,8 adv]s>y c d\ble if he likes1 or he c simply play a c>d4 ,tricks & hon\rs c\nt z 9 ! ord9>y rubb]4 ,! decl>ation made1 ! non-deal] leads any c>d he pleases1 f ! f\r 9 8 h& or f ! elev5 face up on ! table1 & ! deal] mu/ foll[ suit if he c1 ei!r f 8 h& or f ! table4 ,! mom5t a c>d is play$ f ! table1 ! c>d "u x mu/ be turn$ face up1 & becomes playable2 b no c>d :i* is on ! top ( ano!r c>d c be %ift$1 s t ! c>d "u x _c be turn$ up until its cov]+ c>d is legitimately play$ away4 ,! second play] hav+ play$ to ! trick1 ! orig9al lead] mu/ play to x 9 8 turn1 & !n 8 adv]s>y plays ! f\r? c>d1 complet+ ! trick4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick takes x 91 turns x d[n1 & leads = ! next trick1 & s on until all ?irte5 tricks h be5 play$4 ,! w9n] ( ! rubb] scores #ajj po9ts extra4 ,,mis]y ,,bridge4 ,?is is a game = two play]s1 :o sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,f\r h&s ( ?irte5 c>ds ea* are dealt1 ! deal] beg9n+ on 8 left4 ,be=e decl>+1 ! deal] may disc>d any numb] ( c>ds f "o to f\r1 lay+ !m on ! table at 8 left1 b face up1 :]e !y s rema9 dur+ ! play ( ! h&4 ,9 place ( ?is disc>d1 ! deal] takes an equal numb] ( c>ds f ! top ( ! h& on 8 left4 ,^! are n %[n to ! adv]s>y4 ,hav+ disc>d$ & drawn1 ! deal] decl>es4 ,!re is no d\bl+2 b ! deal] himself may und]take to w9 at lea/ eight ( ! ?irte5 tricks1 & if he ann\nces 8eight tricks10 he c score !m at d\ble value if he succe$s4 ,if he fails to get ! full eight1 8 adv]s>y scores t5 po9ts p5alty1 ! deal] scor+ no?+ at all4 ,no matt] :at ! trump suit1 ! p5alty ( t5 po9ts rema9s ! same4 ,aft] disc>d+1 draw+ & decl>+1 ! /ock h& is laid aside1 /ill face d[n1 & ! non-deal] takes up & sorts ! h& on 8 left1 turn+ x face up on ! table1 l a ,dummy4 ,?is h& belongs to ! non-deal]1 :o leads fir/ & plays bo? h&s1 s t ! deal] is practically oppos$ to two h&s ( ?irte5 c>ds ea*4 ,if ! deal] does n want to disc>d & draw1 he c play mis]y1 :i* is a no-trump]1 b play$ to lose tricks1 in/ead ( to w9 !m4 ,if ! deal] takes m ?an "o trick1 8 adv]s>y scores five po9ts p5alty = ea* s tak54 ,b if ! deal] succe$s 9 tak+ only "o trick1 or none at all1 he scores five po9ts = e trick 8 adv]s>y has tak5 ov] ! book ( six4 ,,pivot ,,bridge4 ,?is is simply a movem5t ( ! play]s1 v popul> 9 social games1 :i* requires t ! f\r orig9ally seat$ at a table %all rema9 at t table until ! game is end$1 & %all n cut = p>tn]s aft] ! fir/ rubb]1 b *ange 9 regul> ord]4 ,! usual way is = ! fir/ deal] to sit /ill all ! "t1 ! ?ree o!r play]s mov+ r\nd h] 9 a circle at ! end ( ea* rubb]4 ,?is w compel ! play] on h] left to pass beh9d h] & take ! seat on h] "r4 ,at ! end ( ?ree rubb]s1 ea* w h _h ea* ( ! o!rs = a p>tn]4 ,:5 !re are a numb] ( tables 9 play1 x w be necess>y to h a prize = ea*1 giv+ ! fir/ *oice to ! play] :o has ! highe/ score 9 ! room4 ,:5 ?is me?od is adopt$1 x is n necess>y to d$uct ! l[] score f ! high] at ! end ( ea* rubb]1 s t ea* play] c keep :at %e gets1 ! comp>ative result be+ ! same if ! play]s rema9 at ! same table4 ,?is me?od is op5 to ! objection t if two /rong play]s are oppos$ to weak ones all ! "t1 x is a great advantage4 ,x is also liable to abuse1 if f\r play]s agree to d\ble ev]y?+1 s t "s "o at ! table %all be high score4 ,,progressive ,,bridge4 ,?is is simply a movem5t ( ! play]s f table to table1 mu* z describ$ "u ! head+ ( compass :i/4 ,! play]s may ei!r agree t all ! ,n ,s pairs %all sit /ill1 all ! ,e ,w pairs mov+ "o table2 or !y may arrange = ! w9n]s to move 9 a c]ta9 direction4 ,9 all progressive games1 sometimes call$ ,drive ,bridge1 !re are no rubb]s or games1 z "o table w\ld keep all ! o!rs wait+4 ,an ev5 numb] ( deals1 usually f\r1 is ! rule = ea* r\nd be=e mov+4 ,,duplicate ,,bridge4 ,?is is bridge ) ! h&s kept sep>ate & put into trays to be c>ri$ f table to table4 ,! me?ods w be f\nd fully describ$ "u ! titles = duplicate :i/4 ,9 ord] to prev5t ! play]s f giv+ too mu* att5tion to ! hon\rs 9 decl>+1 x is sometimes ! rule to add a c]ta9 numb] ( po9ts to ! trick scores1 z a bonus4 ,?is is call$ ,bridge to ! ,score4 ,f\r deals is a r\nd1 be=e *ang+ adv]s>ies1 & fifty po9ts are add$ to ! score ( ! side hav+ ! great] trick score4 ,ano!r me?od is to add fifty po9ts to ! side w9n+ a game1 if a game is won be=e mov+1 & !n to add a def9ite numb] ( po9ts = e trick po9t t "o side may be ahead ( ! o!r on unf9i%$ games2 or z _m po9ts z ! high] score bel[ ! l9e4 ,none ( ^! me?ods h prov$ attractive en\gh to be popul>1 h[ev]1 al?\gh ! fir/ is ! "o commonly adopt$ = club t\rnam5ts1 add+ fifty po9ts bonus = ! high] trick score1 reg>dless ( any games or rubb]s4 ,all ! additions ( p]c5tages require special score c>ds & ! s]vices ( "s alleg$ exp]t to run ! game1 & ev5 !n !y are n attractive4 ,! problem ( duplicate bridge rema9s z yet unsolv$1 s f> z a popul> game is conc]n$4 ,,six-,,h& ,,bridge4 ,?is is play$ by six p]sons1 sitt+ ) two c>d tables pu%$ toge!r s z to make "o4 ,ea* deal] sits at ! long end ( ! table1 ! two deal]s be+ p>tn]s4 ,on ea* side ( "o sits a pair ( adv]s>ies s t ! initial arrangem5t1 if pair ,a _h ! deal1 w\ld be ?is3-- ,illu/ration3 ,b ,c ---------- #e #f ,a #a #d ,a #b #c ---------- ,b ,c ,numb]s are plac$ on ! tables to indicate ! positions to :i* ! play]s %all move aft] ea* deal4 ,! play] at #f goes to #e2 #d to #c2 #c to #b2 #b to #a1 & #a to #f4 ,ea* pair ( p>tn]s1 z !y fall into ! end seats1 h ! deal4 ,if ! deal] at ei!r end w n decl>e on 8 own c>ds1 he passes x1 & ! ,dummy h& opposite him mu/ be h&$ to ! deal] t sits at ! o!r end ( ! long table1 :o mu/ decl>e = 8 p>tn]4 ,! usual f\r h&s are dealt & play$ at ea* table1 & scor$ z usual4 ,?ree scores mu/ be kept1 because !re are ?ree sep>ate rubb]s go+ on at once1--t betwe5 ,a & ,b2 betwe5 ,a & ,c1 & betwe5 ,b & ,c4 ,if "o pair w9s its rubb] aga9/ "o ( ! o!rs1 ?ree play]s w be idle at "o end ( ! table = "o deal1 b !n all w come into play aga91 = ! next deal4 ,"s p]sons ?9k ?is is bett] ?an f\r play+ a rubb] :ile two look on4 ,,d\ble ,,dummy ,,bridge4 ,9 ?is =m ( ! game1 ! deal] always deals = himself4 ,8 adv]s>y sits next him on ! left = ! fir/ deal1 & leads = ! fir/ trick be=e ! ,dummies are expos$4 ,!re is no d\bl+4 ,on ! next deal1 ! adv]s>y mu/ sort 8 ,dummy's h& & mu/ lead f x1 be=e look+ at 8 own4 ,if ! decl>ation is pass$1 ,dummy mu/ make x on ! l9es laid d[n = pass$ makes 9 ,bridge = ,?ree1 :i* has already be5 describ$4 ,!re is no p5alty = a revoke made by ei!r ,dummy2 b o!rwise ! laws ( bridge gov]n4 ,,draw ,,bridge4 ,?is is d\ble ,dummy2 b in/ead ( lay+ ,dummy's c>ds face up on ! table1 ea* play] is provid$ ) a hold] 9 :i* he places 8 p>tn]'s c>ds 9 su* a mann] t 8 adv]s>y _c see !m4 ,z x comes to ,dummy's turn to play to ea* trick1 a c>d is drawn f ! hold]4 ,all f\r h&s are responsible = revokes4 ,,k+',s ,,bridge4 ,?is is sometimes call$ ,f\r ,h& ,bridge1 ea* play] be+ = himself4 ,! movem5ts ( ! play]s are ! same z ^? describ$ 9 ,pivot ,bridge1 "o play] sitt+ /ill all ! "t1 :ile ea* ( ! o!rs 9 turn becomes 8 p>tn] = f\r deals4 ,! deal] decl>es4 ,if he passes1 ! play] sitt+ opposite him mu/ make x accord+ to ! me*anical rules giv5 9 ,bridge = ,?ree4 ,!re is no d\bl+4 ,! score ( ea* play] is kept 9 a sep>ate column1 & ! trick & hon\r score is put d[n 9 "o lump1 plus or m9us1 ! new score be+ add$ to or d$uc$ f ! previ\s "o4 ,x is simpl]1 h[ev]1 to put d[n no?+ b ! plus scores1 s t :5 ! decl>ation is defeat$1 ! po9ts are cr$it$ to ea* ( ! ?ree o!r play]s4 ,suppose ! deal] w9s #af & #af4 ,he is put d[n z #cb plus4 ,if he %\ld lose #ab & #cj1 8 score w\ld n be t\*$1 b ea* ( ! o!rs w\ld be put d[n #db plus4 ,!re are no games or rubb]s4 ,at ! end ( f\r deals ! play]s *ange p>tn]s by ! pivot sy/em4 ,at ! end ( twelve deals1 ea* has play$ f\r deals ) ea* ( ! o!rs4 ,! scores are !n add$ up & balanc$ by ! me?od describ$ 9 connection ) ! game ( ,skat4 ,,rev]si ,,bridge4 ,?is is play+ bridge to lose1 & ! object ( ! decl>ation is to pick out ! make :i* is likely to w9 ! lea/ tricks4 ,at ! end ( ! h&1 ea* side scores :at ! o!r makes2 s t if ! deal] decl>es no-trumps1 & loses two by c>ds1 & f9ds ?irty aces aga9/ him1 he scores #bd & #cj to 8 own cr$it4 ,! adv]s>ies c d\ble if !y wi% to1 & all ! rules ( regul> bridge apply1 except t if a revoke is made ! usual p5alty is rev]s$1 ! play] 9 error tak+ ?ree tricks in/ead ( los+ !m4 ,,%ort ,,bridge4 ,?is is bridge )\t any d\bl+ or rubb]s1 & is play$ = s mu* a game in/ead ( = s mu* a po9t1 ! w9n]s be+ ! side t has ! high] score = tricks & hon\rs comb9$ :5 ei!r side rea*es ?irty po9ts bel[ ! l9e4 ,x is a good game = occasions ^u :i* ! play]s may be int]rupt$ at any "t1 or h n "t to f9i% a full rubb]4 ,,! ,,am]ican ,,laws ,,( ,,bridge4 ,,revis$ ,,to ,,novemb]1 #aiac4 ,repr9t$ & ,copyright$1 #aiac1 by p]mission ( ,! ,:i/ ,club ( ,new ,york4 ,,! ,,rubb]4 #a4 ,! p>tn]s fir/ w9n+ two games w9 ! rubb]4 ,:5 ! fir/ two games decide ! rubb]1 a ?ird is n play$4 ,,scor+4 #b4 ,ea* side has a trick score & a score = all o!r c\nts1 g5]ally kn[n z ! hon\r score4 ,9 ! trick score ! only entries made are po9ts = tricks won 7see ,law #c71 :i* c\nt bo? t[>d ! game & 9 ! total ( ! rubb]4 ,all o!r po9ts1 includ+ hon\rs1 p5alties1 slam1 little slam1 & "u-tricks1 are record$ 9 ! hon\r score1 :i* c\nts only 9 ! total ( ! rubb]4 #c4 ,:5 ! decl>] w9s ! numb] ( tricks bid or m1 ea* above six c\nts on ! trick score2 two po9ts :5 spades are trumps1 six :5 clubs are trumps1 sev5 :5 diamonds are trumps1 eight :5 he>ts are trumps1 n9e :5 royal spades are trumps1 & t5 :5 ! decl>ation is no trump4 #d4 ,a game consi/s ( ?irty po9ts made by tricks alone4 ,e deal is play$ out1 :e!r or n dur+ x ! game be conclud$1 & any po9ts made 7ev5 if 9 excess ( ?irty7 are c\nt$4 #e4 ,! ace1 k+1 que51 knave1 & t5 ( ! trump suit are ! hon\rs2 :5 no trump is decl>$1 ! aces are ! hon\rs4 #f4 ,hon\rs are cr$it$ to ! orig9al hold]s2 !y are valu$ z foll[s3 ,:5 a ,trump is ,decl>$4 #ca hon\rs held betwe5 p>tn]s equal value ( #b tricks4 #d 0 0 0 0 0 0 #d 0 #e 0 0 0 0 0 0 #e 0 #d 0 0 9 #a h& 0 0 #h 0 #d 0 0 0 #a 0 #e? 9 0 0 #i 0 #e 0 0 0 #a 0 p>tn]'s 0 0 #aj 0 ,:5 ,no ,trump is ,decl>$4 #c aces held betwe5 p>tn]s c\nt #cj #d 0 0 0 0 0 #dj #d 0 0 9 "o h& 0 #ajj #g4 ,slam is made :5 p>tn]s take ?irte5 tricks4#b ,x c\nts #dj po9ts 9 ! hon\r score4 #h4 ,little slam is made :5 p>tn]s take twelve tricks4#c ,x c\nts #bj po9ts 9 ! hon\r score4 #i4 ,! value ( hon\rs1 slam1 or little slam1 is n affect$ by d\bl+ or r$\bl+4 #aj4 ,at ! conclusion ( a rubb] ! trick & hon\r scores ( ea* side are add$ & #bej additional po9ts add$ to ! score ( ! w9n]s ( ! rubb]4 ,! size ( ! rubb] is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! complet$ scores4 ,if ! score ( ! los]s ( ! rubb] exce$ t ( ! w9n]s1 ! los]s w9 ! am\nt ( ! excess4 #aa4 ,:5 a rubb] is />t$ ) ! agreem5t t ! play %all t]m9ate 7i4e41 no new deal %all comm5ce7 at a specifi$ "t1 & ! rubb] is unf9i%$ at t h\r1 ! score is made up z x /&s1 #abe be+ add$ to ! score ( ! w9n]s ( a game4 ,a deal if />t$ mu/ be f9i%$4 #ab4 ,a prov$ error 9 ! hon\r score may be correct$ at any "t be=e ! score ( ! rubb] has be5 made up & agre$ ^u4 #ac4 ,a prov$ error 9 ! trick score may be correct$ at any "t be=e a decl>ation has be5 made 9 ! foll[+ game1 or1 if x occur 9 ! f9al game ( ! rubb]1 be=e ! score has be5 made up & agre$ ^u4 ,,cutt+4 #ad4 ,9 cutt+ ! ace is ! l[e/ c>d2 betwe5 c>ds ( o!rwise equal value ! he>t is ! l[e/1 ! diamond next1 ! club next1 & spade ! highe/4 #ae4 ,e play] mu/ cut f ! same pack4 #af4 ,%\ld a play] expose m ?an "o c>d1 ! highe/ is 8 cut4 ,,=m+ ,,tables4 #ag4 ,^? fir/ 9 ! room h ! prior "r to play4 ,c&idates ( equal /&+ decide _! ord] by cutt+2 ^? :o cut l[e/ play fir/4 #ah4 ,six play]s con/itute a complete table4 #ai4 ,aft] ! table has be5 =m$1 ! play]s cut to decide ^u p>tn]s1 ! two l[] play aga9/ ! two high]4 ,! l[e/ is ! deal]1 :o has *oice ( c>ds & seats1 &1 hav+ made 8 selection1 mu/ abide by x4#d #bj4 ,! "r to succe$ play]s z !y retire is acquir$ by ann\nc+ ! desire to d s1 & su* ann\ncem5ts1 9 ! ord] made1 entitle c&idates to fill vacancies z !y occur4 ,,cutt+ ,,out4 #ba4 ,if1 at ! end ( a rubb]1 admission be claim$ by "o or two c&idates1 ! play] or play]s :o h play$ ! greate/ numb] ( consecutive rubb]s )draw2 :5 all h play$ ! same numb]1 !y cut to decide ^u ! outgo]s2 ! highe/ are out4#e ,,"r ,,( ,,entry4 #bb4 ,at ! end ( a rubb] a c&idate is n entitl$ to ent] a table unless he decl>e 8 int5tion be=e any play] cut1 ei!r = p>tn]s1 = a new rubb]1 or = cutt+ out4 #bc4 ,9 ! =mation ( new tables c&idates :o h n play$ at an exi/+ table h ! prior "r ( entry4 ,o!rs decide _! "r to admission by cutt+4 #bd4 ,:5 "o or m play]s belong+ to an exi/+ table aid 9 mak+ up a new "o1 :i* _c be =m$ )\t him1 he or !y %all be ! la/ to cut out4 #be4 ,a play] belong+ to "o table :o ent]s ano!r1 or ann\nces a desire to d s1 =feits 8 rights at 8 orig9al table1 unless ! new table _c be =m$ )\t him 9 :i* case he may reta9 8 position at 8 orig9al table by ann\nc+ 8 int5tion to return z soon z 8 place at ! new table c be fill$4 #bf4 ,%\ld a play] leave a table dur+ ! progress ( a rubb]1 he may1 ) ! cons5t ( ! ?ree o!rs1 appo9t a sub/itute to play dur+ 8 abs5ce2 b su* appo9tm5t becomes void ^u ! conclusion ( ! rubb]1 & does n 9 any way affect ! rights ( ! sub/itute4 #bg4 ,if a play] break up a table1 ! o!rs h a prior "r ( entry else:]e4 ,,%uffl+4 #bh4 ,! pack mu/ n be %uffl$ bel[ ! table nor s ! face ( any c>d be se54 #bi4 ,! deal]'s p>tn] mu/ collect ! c>ds f ! prec$+ deal & has ! "r to %uffle fir/4 ,ea* play] has ! "r to %uffle subsequ5tly4 ,! deal] has ! "r to %uffle la/1 b %\ld a c>d or c>ds be se5 dur+ 8 %uffl+ or :ile giv+ ! pack to be cut1 he mu/ re%uffle4 #cj4 ,aft] %uffl+1 ! c>ds1 prop]ly collect$1 mu/ be plac$ face d[nw>d to ! left ( ! next deal]1 :]e !y mu/ rema9 unt\*$ until ! end ( ! curr5t deal4 ,,! ,,deal4 #ca4 ,play]s deal 9 turn2 ! ord] ( deal+ is to ! left4 #cb4 ,imm$iately be=e ! deal1 ! play] on ! deal]'s "r cuts1 s t ea* packet conta9s at lea/ f\r c>ds4 ,if1 9 or aft] cutt+ & prior to ! beg9n+ ( ! deal1 a c>d be expos$1 or if any d\bt exi/ z to ! place ( ! cut1 ! deal] mu/ re%uffle & ! same play] mu/ cut aga94 #cc4 ,aft] ! pack has be5 prop]ly cut1 x %\ld n be re%uffl$ or recut except z provid$ 9 ,law #cb4 #cd4 ,%\ld ! deal] %uffle aft] ! cut1 8 adv]s>ies may also %uffle & ! pack mu/ be cut aga94 #ce4 ,! fifty-two c>ds mu/ be dealt face d[nw>d4 ,! deal is complet$ :5 ! la/ c>d is dealt4 #cf4 ,9 ! ev5t ( a misdeal1 ! same pack mu/ be dealt aga9 by ! same play]4 ,a ,,new ,,deal4 #cg4 ,!re mu/ be a new deal3 7a7 ,if ! c>ds be n dealt1 beg9n+ at ! deal]'s left into f\r packets "o at a "t & 9 regul> rotation4 7b7 ,if1 dur+ a deal1 or dur+ ! play ! pack be prov$ incorrect4 7c7 ,if1 dur+ a deal1 any c>d be fac$ 9 ! pack or expos$1 on1 above1 or bel[ ! table4 7d7 ,if m ?an ?irte5 c>ds be dealt to any play]4#f 7e7 ,if ! la/ c>d does n come 9 its regul> ord] to ! deal]4 7f7 ,if ! deal] omit hav+ ! pack cut1 deal out ( turn or ) ! adv]s>ies' c>ds1 & ei!r adv]s>y call att5tion to ! fact be=e ! end ( ! deal & be=e look+ at any ( 8 c>ds4 #ch4 ,%\ld a correction ( any (f5ce m5tion$ 9 #cg f n be made 9 "t1 or %\ld an adv]s>y :o has look$ at any ( 8 c>ds be ! fir/ to call att5tion to ! error1 ! deal /&s1 & ! game proce$s z if ! deal _h be5 correct1 ! play] to ! left deal+ ! next4 ,:5 ! deal has be5 ) ! wrong c>ds1 ! next deal] may take :i*ev] pack he pref]s4 #ci4 ,if1 prior to ! cut = ! foll[+ deal1 a pack be prov$ incorrect1 ! deal is void1 b all prior scores /&4#g ,! pack is n incorrect :5 a miss+ c>d or c>ds are f\nd 9 ! o!r pack1 among ! quitt$ tricks1 bel[ ! table1 or 9 any o!r place :i* makes x possible t su* c>d or c>ds 7 "p ( ! pack dur+ ! deal4 #dj4 ,%\ld ?ree play]s h _! prop] numb] ( c>ds1 ! f\r?1 less1 ! miss+ c>d or c>ds1 if f\nd1 belong to him1 & he1 unless dummy1 is answ]able = any e/abli%$ revoke or revokes he may h made j z if ! miss+ c>d or c>ds _h be5 cont9u\sly 9 8 h&4 ,:5 a c>d is miss+1 any play] may se>* ! o!r pack1 ! quitt$ tricks1 or else:]e = x4 ,if be=e1 dur+ or at ! conclusion ( play1 "o play] hold m ?an ! prop] numb] ( c>ds1 & ano!r less1 ! deal is void4 #da4 ,a play] may n cut1 %uffle1 or deal = 8 p>tn] if ei!r adv]s>y object4 ,,! ,,decl>ation4 #db4 ,! deal]1 hav+ exam9$ 8 h&1 mu/ decl>e to w9 at lea/ "o odd trick1#h ei!r ) a specifi$ suit1 or at no trump4 #dc4 ,aft] ! deal] has decl>$1 ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 mu/ pass1 make a high] decl>ation1 d\ble ! la/ decl>ation1 or r$\ble a decl>ation :i* has be5 d\bl$1 subject to ! provisions ( ,law #ed4 #dd4 ,a decl>ation ( a great] numb] ( tricks 9 a suit ( l[] value1 :i* equals ! la/ decl>ation 9 value ( po9ts1 is a high] decl>ation2 e4g41 a decl>ation ( 8?ree spades0 is high] ?an 8"o club40 #de4 ,a play] 9 8 turn may ov]bid ! previ\s adv]se decl>ation any numb] ( times1 & may also ov]bid 8 p>tn]1 b he _c ov]bid 8 own decl>ation :i* has be5 pass$ by ! ?ree o!rs4 #df4 ,! play] :o makes ! f9al decl>ation#i mu/ play ! comb9$ h&s1 8 p>tn] becom+ dummy1 unless ! suit or no trump f9ally decl>$ 0 bid by ! p>tn] be=e x 0 call$ by ! f9al decl>]1 9 :i* case ! p>tn]1 no matt] :at bids h int]v5$1 mu/ play ! comb9$ h&s4 #dg4 ,:5 ! play] ( ! two h&s 7h]e9aft] t]m$ 8! decl>]07 w9s at lea/ z _m tricks z he decl>$1 he scores ! full value ( ! tricks won 7see ,law #c74aj #dg;a4 ,:5 ! decl>] fails to w9 z _m tricks z he decl>es1 nei!r he nor 8 adv]s>ies score any?+ t[>d ! game1 b 8 adv]s>ies score 9 _! hon\r column #ej po9ts = ea* "u-trick 7i4e41 ea* trick %ort ( ! numb] decl>$74 ,if ! decl>ation be d\bl$1 ! adv]s>ies score #ajj po9ts2 if r$\bl$1 #bjj po9ts = ea* "u-trick4 #dh4 ,! loss on ! deal]'s orig9al decl>ation ( 8"o spade0 is limit$ to #ajj po9ts1 :e!r d\bl$ or n1 unless r$\bl$4 ,hon\rs are scor$ z held4 #di4 ,if a play] make a decl>ation 7o!r ?an pass+7 out ( turn1 ei!r adv]s>y may dem& a new deal1 or may all[ su* decl>ation to /&1 9 :i* case ! bidd+ %all cont9ue z if ! decl>ation _h be5 9 turn4 ,if a play] pass out ( turn1 ! ord] ( ! bidd+ is n affect$1 i4e41 x is /ill ! turn ( ! play] to ! left ( ! la/ decl>]4 ,! play] :o has pass$ out ( turn may re-ent] ! bidd+ 9 8 prop] turn if ! decl>ation he has pass$ be ov]bid or d\bl$4 #ej4 ,if a play] make an insuffici5t or impossible decl>ation1 ei!r adv]s>y may dem& t x be p5aliz$4 ,! p5alty = an insuffici5t decl>ation is t ! bid is made suffici5t 9 ! decl>ation nam$ & ! p>tn] ( ! decl>] may n fur!r decl>e unless an adv]s>y subsequ5tly bid or d\ble4 ,! p5alty = an impossible decl>ation is t ! bid is made sev5 9 ! suit nam$ & ! p>tn] ( ! decl>] may n fur!r decl>e unless an adv]s>y subsequ5tly bid or d\ble4 ,ei!r adv]s>y1 in/ead ( p5aliz+ an impossible decl>ation1 may dem& a new deal1 or t ! la/ decl>ation made on behalf ( 8 p>tn]%ip become ! f9al decl>ation4 #ej;a4 ,if a play] :o has be5 deb>r$ f bidd+ "u ,laws #ej or #fe1 dur+ ! p]iod ( su* prohibition1 make any decl>ation 7o!r ?an pass+71 ei!r adv]s>y may decide :e!r su* decl>ation /&1 & nei!r ! (f5d+ play] nor 8 p>tn] may fur!r p>ticipate 9 ! bidd+ ev5 if ! adv]s>ies d\ble or decl>e4 #ej;b4 ,a p5alty = a decl>ation out ( turn 7see ,law #di71 an insuffici5t or impossible decl>ation 7see ,law #ej71 or a bid :5 prohibit$ 7see ,law #ej;a7 may n be en=c$ if ei!r adv]s>y pass1 d\ble1 or decl>e be=e ! p5alty be dem&$4#aa #ej;c4 ,laws :i* give to ei!r adv]s>y ! "r to en=ce a p5alty1 d n p]mit unlimit$ consultation4 ,ei!r adv]s>y may call att5tion to ! (f5ce & select ! p5alty1 or may say1 8,p>tn]1 y det]m9e ! p5alty10 or words to t effect4 ,any o!r consultation is prohibit$1#ab & if x take place1 ! "r to dem& any p5alty is lo/4 ,! fir/ decision made by ei!r adv]s>y is f9al & _c be alt]$4 #ea4 ,at any "t dur+ ! decl>ation1 a "q ask$ by a play] conc]n+ any previ\s bid mu/ be answ]$1 b1 aft] ! f9al decl>ation has be5 accept$1 if an adv]s>y ( ! decl>] in=m 8 p>tn] reg>d+ any previ\s decl>ation1 ! decl>] may call a lead f ! adv]s>y ^: next turn x is to lead4 ,if ! dummy give su* in=mation to ! decl>]1 ei!r adv]s>y ( ! decl>] may call a lead4 ,a play]1 h[ev]1 at any "t may ask :at decl>ation is be+ play$ & ! "q mu/ be answ]$4 #eb4 ,a decl>ation legitimately made _c be *ang$ aft] ! next play] pass1 decl>e1 or d\ble4 ,prior to su* action a decl>ation inadv]t5tly made may be correct$4 ,if1 prior to su* correction1 an adv]s>y call att5tion to an insuffici5t or impossible decl>ation1 x may n !reaft] be correct$ nor may ! p5alty be avoid$4 ,,d\bl+ ,,& ,,r$\bl+4 #ec4 ,d\bl+ & r$\bl+ d\bles & quadruples ! value ( ea* trick ov] six1 b x does n alt] ! value ( a decl>ation2 e4g41 a decl>ation ( 8?ree clubs0 is high] ?an 8two royal spades0 d\bl$ or r$\bl$4 #ed4 ,any decl>ation may be d\bl$ & r$\bl$ once1 b n m2 a play] may n d\ble 8 p>tn]'s decl>ation nor r$\ble 8 p>tn]'s d\ble1 b he may r$\ble a decl>ation ( 8 p>tn] :i* has be5 d\bl$ by an adv]s>y4 ,! p5alty = r$\bl+ m ?an once is #ajj po9ts 9 ! adv]se hon\r score or a new deal2 = d\bl+ a p>tn]'s decl>ation1 or r$\bl+ a p>tn]'s d\ble x is #ej po9ts 9 ! adv]se hon\r score4 ,ei!r adv]s>y may dem& any p5alty en=ceable "u ?is law4 #ee4 ,d\bl+ or r$\bl+ reop5s ! bidd+4 ,:5 a decl>ation has be5 d\bl$ or r$\bl$1 any "o ( ! ?ree succe$+ play]s1 includ+ ! play] ^: decl>ation has be5 d\bl$1 may1 9 8 prop] turn1 make a fur!r decl>ation ( high] value4 #ef4 ,:5 a play] ^: decl>ation has be5 d\bl$ w9s ! decl>$ numb] ( tricks1 he scores a bonus ( #ej po9ts 9 8 hon\r score1 & a fur!r #ej po9ts = ea* additional trick4 ,:5 he or 8 p>tn] has r$\bl$1 he scores #ajj po9ts = mak+ ! contract & an additional #ajj = ea* extra trick4 #eg4 ,a d\ble or r$\ble is a decl>ation1 & a play] :o d\bles or r$\bles out ( turn is subject to ! p5alty provid$ by ,law #di4 #eh4 ,aft] ! f9al decl>ation has be5 accept$1 ! play beg9s2 ! play] on ! left ( ! decl>] leads4 ,,dummy4 #ei4 ,z soon z ! play] on ! left ( ! decl>] leads1 ! decl>]'s p>tn] places 8 c>ds face upw>d on ! table1 & ! decl>] plays ! c>ds f t h&4 #fj4 ,! p>tn] ( ! decl>] has all ! rights ( a play] 7includ+ ! "r to call att5tion to a lead f ! wrong h&71 until 8 c>ds are plac$ face upw>d on ! table4#ac ,he !n becomes ! dummy1 & takes no "p :atev] 9 ! play1 except t he has ! "r3 7a7 ,to call ! decl>]'s att5tion to ! fact t too _m or too few c>ds h be5 play$ to a trick2 7b7 to correct an improp] claim ( ei!r adv]s>y2 7c7 to call att5tion to a trick errone\sly tak5 by ei!r side2 7d7 to p>ticipate 9 ! discussion ( any disput$ "q ( fact aft] x has aris5 betwe5 ! decl>] & ei!r adv]s>y2 7e7 to correct any errone\s score2 7f7 to consult ) & advise ! decl>] z to :i* p5alty to exact = a revoke2 7g7 to ask ! decl>] :e!r he h any ( a suit he has r5\nc$4 ,! dummy1 if he h n int5tionally look$ at any c>d 9 ! h& ( a play]1 has also ! foll[+ additional rights3 7h7 ,to call ! att5tion ( ! decl>] to an e/abli%$ adv]se revoke2 7i7 to call ! att5tion ( ! decl>] to a c>d expos$ by an adv]s>y or to an adv]se lead out ( turn4 #fa4 ,%\ld ! dummy call att5tion to any o!r incid5t 9 ! play 9 consequ5ce ( :i* any p5alty might h be5 exact$1 ! decl>] may n exact su* p5alty4 ,%\ld ! dummy avail himself ( rights 7h7 or 7i71 aft] int5tionally look+ at a c>d 9 ! h& ( a play]1 ! decl>] may n exact any p5alty = ! (f5ce 9 "q4 #fb4 ,if ! dummy1 by t\*+ a c>d or o!rwise1 sugge/ ! play ( "o ( 8 c>ds1 ei!r adv]s>y may require ! decl>] to play or n to play su* c>d4 #fb;a4 ,if ! dummy call to ! att5tion ( ! decl>] t he is ab\t to lead f ! wrong h&1 ei!r adv]s>y may require t ! lead be made f t h&4 #fc4 ,dummy is n subject to ! revoke p5alty2 if he revoke & ! error be n discov]$ until ! trick be turn$ & quitt$1 :e!r by ! rightful w9n]s or n1 ! trick mu/ /&4 #fd4 ,a c>d f ! decl>]'s h& is n play$ until actually quitt$1 b %\ld he "n or t\* a c>d 9 ! dummy1 su* c>d is play$ unless he say1 8,i arrange10 or words to t effect4 ,if he simultane\sly t\* two or m su* c>ds1 he may elect :i* to play4 ,,c>ds ,,expos$ ,,be=e ,,play4 #fe4 ,aft] ! deal & be=e ! decl>ation has be5 f9ally det]m9$1 if any play] lead or expose a c>d1 8 p>tn] may n !reaft] bid or d\ble dur+ t decl>ation1#ad & ! c>d is subject to call4#ae ,:5 ! p>tn] ( ! (f5d+ play] is ! orig9al lead]1 ! decl>] may also prohibit ! initial lead ( ! suit ( ! expos$ c>d4 #ff4 ,aft] ! f9al decl>ation has be5 accept$ & be=e ! lead1 if ! p>tn] ( ! prop] lead] expose or lead a c>d1 ! decl>] may treat x z expos$ or may call a suit f ! prop] lead]4 ,a c>d expos$ by ! lead]1 aft] ! f9al decl>ation & be=e ! lead1 is subject to call4 ,,c>ds ,,expos$ ,,dur+ ,,play4 #fg4 ,aft] ! orig9al lead1 all c>ds expos$ by ! decl>]'s adv]s>ies are liable to be call$ & mu/ be left face upw>d on ! table4 #fh4 ,! foll[+ are expos$ c>ds3 7#a7 ,two or m c>ds play$ simultane\sly2 7#b7 a c>d dropp$ face upw>d on ! table1 ev5 ?\gh snat*$ up s quickly t x _c be nam$2 7#c7 a c>d s held by a play] t 8 p>tn] sees any portion ( its face2 7#d7 a c>d m5tion$ by ei!r adv]s>y z be+ held 9 8 or 8 p>tn]'s h&4 #fi4 ,a c>d dropp$ on ! floor or else:]e bel[ ! table1 or s held t x is se5 by an adv]s>y b n by ! p>tn]1 is n an expos$ c>d4 #gj4 ,two or m c>ds play$ simultane\sly by ei!r ( ! decl>]'s adv]s>ies give ! decl>] ! "r to call any "o ( su* c>ds to ! curr5t trick & to treat ! o!r c>d or c>ds z expos$4 #gj;a4 ,%\ld an adv]s>y ( ! decl>] expose 8 la/ c>d be=e 8 p>tn] play to ! twelf? trick1 ! two c>ds 9 8 p>tn]'s h& become expos$1 mu/ be laid face upw>d on ! table1 & are subject to call4 #ga4 ,if1 )\t wait+ = 8 p>tn] to play1 ei!r ( ! decl>]'s adv]s>ies play or lead a w9n+ c>d1 z aga9/ ! decl>] & dummy & cont9ue 7)\t wait+ = 8 p>tn] to play7 to lead sev]al su* c>ds1 ! decl>] may dem& t ! p>tn] ( ! play] 9 fault w91 if he c1 ! fir/ or any o!r ( ^! tricks4 ,! o!r c>ds ?us improp]ly play$ are expos$4 #gb4 ,if ei!r or bo? ( ! decl>]'s adv]s>ies ?r[ 8 or _! c>ds face upw>d on ! table1 su* c>ds are expos$ & liable to be call$2 b if ei!r adv]s>y reta9 8 h&1 he _c be =c$ to ab&on x4 ,c>ds expos$ by ! decl>] are n liable to be call$4 ,if ! decl>] say1 8,i h ! re/10 or any words indicat+ ! rema9+ tricks or any numb] !re( are 81 he may be requir$ to place 8 c>ds face upw>d on ! table4 ,he is n !n all[$ to call any c>ds 8 adv]s>ies may h expos$1 nor to take any f9esse n previ\sly prov$ a w9n] unless he ann\nce x :5 mak+ 8 claim4 #gc4 ,if a play] :o has r5d]$ himself liable to h ! highe/ or l[e/ ( a suit call$ 7,laws #hj1 #hf1 & #ib7 fail to play z direct$1 or if1 :5 call$ on to lead "o suit1 he lead ano!r1 hav+ 9 8 h& "o or m c>ds ( ! suit dem&$ 7,laws #ff1 #gf1 & #ic71 or if1 :5 call$ ^u to w9 or lose a trick1 he fail to d s :5 he c 7,laws #ga1 #hj1 & #ib71 or if1 :5 call$ ^u n to play a suit1 he fail to play z direct$ 7,laws #fe & #ff71 he is liable to ! p5alty = revoke 7,law #hd7 unless su* play be correct$ be=e ! trick be turn$ & quitt$4 #gd4 ,a play] _c be compell$ to play a c>d :i* w\ld oblige him to revoke4 #ge4 ,! call ( an expos$ c>d may be repeat$ until x be play$4 ,,leads ,,out ,,( ,,turn4 #gf4 ,if ei!r adv]s>y ( ! decl>]'s lead out ( turn1 ! decl>] may ei!r treat ! c>d s l$ z expos$ or may call a suit z soon z x is ! turn ( ei!r adv]s>y to lead4 ,%\ld !y lead simultane\sly1 ! lead f ! prop] h& /&s1 & ! o!r c>d is expos$4 #gg4 ,if ! decl>] lead out ( turn1 ei!r f 8 own h& or dummy1 he incurs no p5alty1 b he may n rectify ! error unless direct$ to d s by an adv]s>y4#af ,if ! second h& play1 ! lead is accept$4 #gh4 ,if an adv]s>y ( ! decl>] lead out ( turn1 & ! decl>] foll[ ei!r f 8 own h& or dummy1 ! trick /&s4 ,if ! decl>] be=e play+ refuse to accept ! lead1 ! lead] may be p5aliz$ z provid$ 9 ,law #gf4 #gi4 ,if a play] call$ on to lead a suit h none ( x1 ! p5alty is paid4 ,,c>ds ,,play$ ,,9 ,,error4 #hj4 ,%\ld ! f\r? h&1 n be+ dummy or decl>]1 play be=e ! second1 ! latt] may be requir$ to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ c>d ( ! suit l$1 or to w9 or lose ! trick4 ,9 su* case1 if ! second h& be void ( ! suit l$1 ! decl>] 9 lieu ( any o!r p5alty may call ^u ! second h& to play ! highe/ c>d ( any designat$ suit4 ,if he "n a suit ( :i* ! second h& is void1 ! p5alty is paid4#ag #ha4 ,if any "o1 except dummy1 omit play+ to a trick1 & su* error be n correct$ until he has play$ to ! next1 ! adv]s>ies or ei!r ( !m may claim a new deal2 %\ld ei!r decide t ! deal /&1 ! surplus c>d 7at ! end ( ! h&7 is consid]$ play$ to ! imp]fect trick1 b does n con/itute a revoke !re94#ah #hb4 ,:5 any "o1 except dummy1 plays two or m c>ds to ! same trick & ! mi/ake is n correct$1 he is answ]able = any consequ5t revokes he may make4 ,:5 ! error is detect$ dur+ ! play1 ! tricks may be c\nt$ face d[nw>d1 to see if any conta9 m ?an f\r c>ds2 %\ld ?is be ! case1 ! trick :i* conta9s a surplus c>d or c>ds may be exam9$ & su* c>d or c>ds re/or$ to ! orig9al hold]4#ai ,,! ,,revoke4#bj #hc4 ,a revoke occurs :5 a play]1 o!r ?an dummy1 hold+ "o or m c>ds ( ! suit l$1 plays a c>d ( a diff]5t suit4 ,x becomes an e/abli%$ revoke :5 ! trick 9 :i* x occurs is turn$ & quitt$ by ! rightful w9n]s 7i4e41 ! h& remov$ f ! trick aft] x has be5 turn$ face d[nw>d on ! table71 or :5 ei!r ! revok+ play] or 8 p>tn]1 :e!r 9 turn or o!rwise1 leads or plays to ! foll[+ trick4 #hd4 ,! p5alty = ea* e/abli%$ revoke is3 7a7 ,:5 ! decl>] revokes1 he _c score = tricks & 8 adv]s>ies add #ajj po9ts to _! score 9 ! hon\r column1 9 addition to any p5alty :i* he may h incurr$ = n mak+ good 8 decl>ation4 7b7 ,:5 ei!r ( ! adv]s>ies revokes1 ! decl>] may ei!r add #ajj po9ts to 8 score 9 ! hon\r column or take ?ree tricks f 8 oppon5ts & add !m to 8 own4#ba ,su* tricks may assi/ ! decl>] to make good 8 decl>ation1 b %all n entitle him to score any bonus 9 ! hon\r column 9 case ! decl>ation has be5 d\bl$ or r$\bl$1 nor to a slam or little slam n o!rwise obta9$4#bb 7c7 ,:51 dur+ ! play ( a deal1 m ?an "o revoke is made by ! same side1 ! p5alty = ea* revoke aft] ! fir/ is #ajj po9ts4 ,! value ( _! hon\rs is ! only score t c be made by a revok+ side4 #he4 ,a play] may ask 8 p>tn] if he h a c>d ( ! suit :i* he has r5\nc$2 %\ld ! "q be ask$ be=e ! trick be turn$ & quitt$1 subsequ5t turn+ & quitt+ does n e/abli% a revoke1 & ! error may be correct$ unless ! "q be answ]$ 9 ! negative1 or unless ! revok+ play] or 8 p>tn] h l$ or play$ to ! foll[+ trick4 #hf4 ,if a play] correct 8 mi/ake 9 "t to save a revoke1 any play] or play]s :o h foll[$ him may )draw 8 or _! c>ds & sub/itute o!rs1 & ! c>ds s )drawn are n expos$4 ,if ! play] 9 fault be "o ( ! decl>]'s adv]s>ies1 ! c>d play$ 9 error is expos$1 & ! decl>] may call x :5ev] he pleases1 or he may require ! (f5d] to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ c>d ( ! suit to ! trick1 b ?is p5alty _c be exact$ f ! decl>]4 #hg4 ,at ! end ( ! play ! claimants ( a revoke may se>* all ! tricks4 ,if ! c>ds h be5 mix$1 ! claim may be urg$ & prov$ if possible2 b no pro( is necess>y & ! claim is e/abli%$ if1 aft] x is made1 ! accus$ play] or 8 p>tn] mix ! c>ds be=e !y h be5 suffici5tly exam9$ by ! adv]s>ies4 #hh4 ,a revoke _c be claim$ aft] ! c>ds h be5 cut = ! foll[+ deal4 #hi4 ,%\ld bo? sides revoke1 ! only score p]mitt$ is = hon\rs4 ,9 su* case1 if "o side revoke m ?an once1 ! p5alty ( #ajj po9ts = ea* extra revoke is scor$ by ! o!r side4 ,,g5]al ,,rules4 #ij4 ,a trick turn$ & quitt$ may n be look$ at 7except "u ,law #hb7 until ! end ( ! play4 ,! p5alty = ! violation ( ?is law is #be po9ts 9 ! adv]se hon\r score4 #ia4 ,any play] dur+ ! play ( a trick or aft] ! f\r c>ds are play$1 & be=e ! trick is turn$ & quitt$1 may dem& t ! c>ds be plac$ be=e _! respective play]s4 #ib4 ,:5 an adv]s>y ( ! decl>]1 be=e 8 p>tn] plays1 calls att5tion to ! trick1 ei!r by say+ x is 81 or1 )\t be+ reque/$ to d s1 by nam+ 8 c>d or draw+ x t[>d him1 ! decl>] may require su* p>tn] to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ c>d ( ! suit l$1 or to w9 or lose ! trick4 #ic4 ,an adv]s>y ( ! decl>] may call 8 p>tn]'s att5tion to ! fact t he is ab\t to play or lead out ( turn2 b if1 dur+ ! play1 he make any unau?oriz$ ref]5ce to any incid5t ( ! play1 ! decl>] may call a suit f ! adv]s>y ^: next turn x is to lead4 #id4 ,9 all cases :]e a p5alty has be5 incurr$1 ! (f5d] is b\nd to give reasonable "t = ! decision ( 8 adv]s>ies4 ,,new ,,c>ds4 #ie4 ,unless a pack be imp]fect1 no play] has ! "r to call = "o new pack4 ,:5 fre% c>ds are dem&$1 two packs mu/ be furni%$4 ,:5 !y are produc$ dur+ a rubb]1 ! adv]s>ies ( ! play] dem&+ !m h ! *oice ( ! new c>ds4 ,if x be ! beg9n+ ( a new rubb]1 ! deal]1 :e!r he or "o ( 8 adv]s>ies call = ! new c>ds1 has ! *oice4 ,new c>ds _c be sub/itut$ aft] ! pack has be5 cut = a new deal4 #if4 ,a c>d or c>ds torn or m>k$ mu/ be replac$ by agreem5t or new c>ds furni%$4 ,,by/&]s4 #ig4 ,:ile a by/&]1 by agreem5t among ! play]s1 may decide any "q1 he %\ld n say any?+ unless appeal$ to2 & if he make any rem>k :i* calls att5tion to an ov]sight affect+ ! score1 or to ! exaction ( a p5alty1 he is liable to be call$ ^u by ! play]s to pay ! /akes 7n extras7 lo/4 #a ,frequ5tly call$ 8simple hon\rs40 #b ,law #hd prohibits a revok+ side f scor+ slam1 & provides t tricks receiv$ by ! decl>] z p5alty = a revoke %all n entitle him to a slam n o!rwise obta9$4 #c ,law #hd prohibits a revok+ side f scor+ little slam1 & provides t tricks receiv$ by ! decl>] z p5alty = a revoke %all n entitle him to a little slam n o!rwise obta9$4 ,if a decl>] bid #g & take twelve tricks he c\nts #bj = little slam1 al?\gh 8 decl>ation fails4 #d ,he may consult 8 p>tn] be=e mak+ 8 decision4 #e ,see ,law #ad z to value ( c>ds 9 cutt+4 #f ,?is error1 :5ev] discov]$1 r5d]s a new deal necess>y4 #g ,a correct pack conta9s exactly fifty-two c>ds1 "o ( ea* d5om9ation4 #h ,"o trick m ?an six4 #i ,a decl>ation becomes f9al :5 x has be5 pass$ by ?ree play]s4 #aj ,= am\nt scor$ by decl>]1 if d\bl$1 see ,laws #ec & #ef4 #aa ,:5 ! p5alty = an insuffici5t decl>ation is n dem&$1 ! bid ov] :i* x 0 made may be repeat$ unless "s high] bid h int]v5$4 #ab ,! "q1 8,p>tn]1 w y select ! p5alty1 or %all ,i80 is a =m ( consultation :i* is n p]mitt$4 #ac ,! p5alty is det]m9$ by ! decl>] 7see ,law #ff74 #ad ,see ,law #ej;a4 #ae ,if m ?an "o c>d be expos$1 all may be call$4 #af ,! rule 9 ,law #ej;c z to consultations gov]ns ! "r ( adv]s>ies to consult z to :e!r su* direction be giv54 #ag ,%\ld ! decl>] play ?ird h& be=e ! second h&1 ! f\r? h& may )\t p5alty play be=e 8 p>tn]4 #ah ,z to ! "r ( adv]s>ies to consult1 see ,law #ej;a4 #ai ,ei!r adv]s>y may decide :i* c>d %all be consid]$ play$ to ! trick :i* conta9s m ?an f\r c>ds4 #bj ,see ,law #gc4 #ba ,! dummy may advise ! decl>] :i* p5alty to exact4 #bb ,! value ( ! ?ree tricks1 d\bl$ or r$\bl$1 z ! case may be1 is c\nt$ 9 ! trick score4 ,,etiquette ,,( ,,auction4 ,9 ! game ( ,auction slight intimations convey mu* in=mation4 ,! code succ9ctly /ates laws :i* fix p5alties = an (f5ce4 ,to (f5d aga9/ etiquette is f> m s]i\s ?an to (f5d aga9/ a law2 = 9 ! latt] case ! (f5d] is subject to ! prescrib$ p5alties2 9 ! =m] 8 adv]s>ies are )\t r$ress4 #a4 ,decl>ations %\ld be made 9 a simple mann]1 ?us3 8"o he>t10 8"o no trump10 8pass10 8d\ble02 !y %\ld be made orally & n by ge/ure4 #b4 ,aside f 8 legitimate decl>ation1 a play] %\ld n %[ by ^w or ge/ure ! nature ( 8 h&1 or 8 pleasure or displeasure at a play1 bid1 or d\ble4 #c4 ,if a play] dem& t ! c>ds be plac$1 he %\ld d s = 8 own in=mation & n to call 8 p>tn]'s att5tion to any c>d or play4 #d4 ,an oppon5t ( ! decl>] %\ld n lead until ! prec$+ trick has be5 turn$ & quitt$2 nor1 aft] hav+ l$ a w9n+ c>d1 %\ld he draw ano!r f 8 h& be=e 8 p>tn] has play$ to ! curr5t trick4 #e4 ,a c>d %\ld n be play$ ) su* emphasis z to draw att5tion to x1 nor %\ld a play] deta* "o c>d f 8 h& & subsequ5tly play ano!r4 #f4 ,a play] %\ld n purposely incur a p5alty because he is will+ to pay x1 nor %\ld he make a second revoke to conceal a fir/4 #g4 ,conv]sation dur+ ! play %\ld be avoid$1 z x may annoy play]s at ! table or at o!r tables 9 ! room4 #h4 ,! dummy %\ld n leave 8 seat to wat* 8 p>tn] play4 ,he %\ld n call att5tion to ! score nor to any c>d or c>ds t he or ! o!r play]s hold4 #i4 ,if a play] say1 8,i h ! re/10 or any words indicat+ t ! rema9+ tricks1 or any numb] !re(1 are 81 & "o or bo? ( ! o!r play]s expose 8 or _! c>ds1 or reque/ him to play out ! h&1 he %\ld n all[ any in=mation s obta9$ to influ5ce 8 play4 #aj4 ,if a play] conc$e1 9 error1 "o or m tricks1 ! concession %\ld /&4 #aa4 ,a play] hav+ be5 cut out ( "o table %\ld n seek admission 9 ano!r unless will+ to cut = ! privilege ( entry4 #ab4 ,a play] %\ld n look at any ( 8 c>ds until ! end ( ! deal4 ,,! ,,laws ,,( ,,?ree ,,h& ,,auction4 ,! ,laws ( ,auction gov]n ! ?ree-h& game except z foll[s3 7#a7 ,?ree play]s take "p 9 a game & f\r con/itute a complete table4 ,ea* plays = himself2 !re are no p>tn]s1 except z provid$ 9 ,law #g4 7#b7 ,! play] :o cuts l[e/ selects 8 seat & ! c>ds ) :i* he deals fir/4 ,! play] :o cuts next l[e/ sits on ! deal]'s left4 7#c7 ,! c>ds are dealt 9 f\r packets1 "o = ea* ( ! ?ree play]s & "o = ! dummy4#bc ,! dummy h& is n t\*$ until aft] ! f9al decl>ation has be5 made4 7#d7 ,! deal] decl>es1 & ! bidd+ cont9ues z 9 ,auction1 except t ea* play] bids exclusively on 8 own acc\nt4 7#e7 ,! p5alty = a decl>ation out ( turn is t ea* ( ! o!r play]s receives #ej po9ts 9 8 hon\r score4 ,a decl>ation out ( turn does n affect ! "r ( ! play] ^: turn x is to decl>e1 unless bo? he & ! o!r play]1 ei!r by pass+ or decl>+1 accept ! improp] decl>ation4 7#f7 ,if a play] decl>e out ( turn1 & ! succe$+ play] ei!r pass or decl>e1 ! ?ird play] may dem& t ! mi/ake be correct$ z is provid$ 9 ,law #e4 ,9 su* case ! play] :o fir/ decl>$ out ( turn is ! only "o p5aliz$4 7#g7 ,! play] mak+ ! f9al decl>ation1 i4e41 a decl>ation t has be5 pass$ by bo? ( ! o!rs1 plays 8 own h& & t ( ! dummy aga9/ ! two o!rs1 :o !n1 & = t p>ticul> h&1 assume ! relation%ip ( p>tn]s4 7#h7 ,x is advisable t ! game be play$ at a r\nd table s t ! h& ( ! dummy c be plac$ 9 front ( ! decl>] )\t oblig+ any play] to move2 b1 9 ! ev5t ( a squ>e table be+ us$1 ! two play]s :o become ! adv]s>ies ( ! decl>] %\ld sit opposite ea* o!r1 ! dummy be+ opposite ! decl>]4 ,at ! end ( ! play ! orig9al positions %\ld be resum$4 7#i7 ,if1 aft] ! deal has be5 complet$ & be=e ! conclusion ( ! decl>ation1 any play] expose a c>d1 ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies c\nts #ej po9ts 9 8 hon\r score1 & ! decl>]1 if he be n ! (f5d]1 may call ^u ! play] on 8 left to lead or n to lead ! suit ( ! expos$ c>d4 ,if a c>d be expos$ by ! decl>] aft] ! f9al decl>ation1 !re is no p5alty1 b if expos$ by an adv]s>y ( ! decl>]1 x is subject to ! same p5alty z 9 ,auction4 7#aj7 ,if a play] d\ble out ( turn1 ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies c\nts #ajj po9ts 9 8 respective hon\r score1 & ! play] ^: decl>ation has be5 d\bl$ may elect :e!r ! d\ble %all /&4 ,! bidd+ is !n resum$1 b if ! d\ble %all be disall[$1 ! decl>ation may n be d\bl$ by ! o!r play]4 7#aa7 ,! rubb] cont9ues until two games h be5 won by ! same play]2 x may consi/ ( two1 ?ree1 or f\r games4 7#ab7 ,:5 ! decl>] fulfils 8 contract1 he scores z 9 ,auction4 ,:5 he fails to d s1 bo? ( 8 adv]s>ies score z 9 ,auction4 7#ac7 ,hon\rs are scor$ by ea* play] sep>ately1 i4e41 ea* play] :o holds "o hon\r scores ! value ( a trick2 ea* play] :o holds two hon\rs scores twice ! value ( a trick2 a play] :o holds ?ree hon\rs scores ?ree times ! value ( a trick2 a play] :o holds f\r hon\rs scores eight times ! value ( a trick2 & a play] :o holds five hon\rs scores t5 times ! value ( a trick4 ,9 a no-trump decl>ation1 ea* ace c\nts t51 & f\r held by "o play] c\nt #ajj4 ,! decl>] c\nts sep>ately bo? 8 own hon\rs & ^? held by ! dummy4 7#ad7 ,a play] scores #abe po9ts = w9n+ a game1 a fur!r #abe po9ts = w9n+ a second game1 & #bej po9ts = w9n+ a rubb]4 7#ae7 ,at ! end ( ! rubb]1 all scores ( ea* play] are add$ & 8 total obta9$4 ,ea* "o w9s f or loses to ea* o!r ! diff]5ce betwe5 _! respective totals4 ,a play] may w9 f bo? ! o!rs1 lose to "o & w9 f ! o!r1 or lose to bo?4 #bc ,?is h& is g5]ally dealt opposite to ! deal]4 ,,! ,,laws ,,( ,,duplicate ,,auction4 ,duplicate ,auction is gov]n$ by ! ,laws ( ,auction1 except 9 s f> z !y are modifi$ by ! foll[+ special laws3 ,a4 ,scor+4 ,9 ,duplicate ,auction !re are nei!r games nor rubb]s4 ,ea* deal is scor$ j z 9 ,auction1 ) ! addition t :5ev] a pair makes #cj or m = tricks z ! score ( "o deal1 x adds z a premium #abe po9ts 9 its hon\r column4 ,b4 ,irregul>ities 9 ! ,h&s4 ,if a play] h ei!r m or less ?an 8 correct numb] ( c>ds1 ! c\rse to be pursu$ is det]m9$ by ! "t ( ! discov]y ( ! irregul>ity4 7#a7 ,:5 ! irregul>ity is discov]$ be=e or dur+ ! orig9al play3 ,!re mu/ be a new deal4 7#b7 ,:5 ! irregul>ity is discov]$ at ! "t ! c>ds are tak5 up = ov]play & be=e su* ov]play has begun3 ,x mu/ be s5t back to ! table f :i* x came1 & ! error be !re rectifi$4 7#c7 ,:5 ! irregul>ity is n discov]$ until aft] ! ov]play has begun3 ,9 two-table duplicate !re mu/ be a new deal2 b 9 a game 9 :i* ! same deals are play$ at m ?an two tables1 ! h&s mu/ be rectifi$ z is provid$ above & !n pass$ to ! next table )\t ov]play at ! table at :i* ! error 0 discov]$2 9 :i* case1 if a play] h less ?an ?irte5 c>ds & 8 adv]s>y ! correspond+ surplus1 ea* pair takes ! av]age score = t deal2 if1 h[ev]1 8 p>tn] h ! correspond+ surplus1 8 pair is giv5 ! l[e/ score & 8 oppon5ts ! highe/ score made at any table = t deal4 ,c4 ,play+ ! c>ds4 ,ea* play]1 :5 x is 8 turn to play1 mu/ place 8 c>d1 face upw>d1 be=e him & t[>d ! c5tre ( ! table4 ,he mu/ all[ x to rema9 ^u ! table 9 ?is position until all h play$ to ! trick1 :5 he mu/ turn x ov] & place x face d[nw>d1 ne>] to himself2 if he or 8 p>tn] h won ! trick1 ! c>d %\ld po9t t[>d 8 p>tn] & himself2 o!rwise x %\ld po9t t[>d ! adv]s>ies4 ,! decl>] may ei!r play dummy's c>ds or may call !m by "n :5ev] x is dummy's turn to play & h dummy play !m = him4 ,a trick is turn$ & quitt$ :5 all f\r play]s h turn$ & ceas$ to t\* _! respective c>ds4 ,! c>ds mu/ be left 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y 7 play$ until ! scores ( ! deal h be5 record$4 ,d4 ,! ,revoke4 ,a revoke may be claim$ at any "t be=e ! la/ trick ( ! deal 9 :i* x occurs has be5 turn$ & quitt$ & ! scores ( t deal agre$ ^u & record$1 b n !reaft]4 ,e4 ,error 9 ,score4 ,a prov$ error 9 ! trick or hon\r score may be correct$ at any "t be=e ! f9al score ( ! conte/ants = ! deal or deals play$ be=e *ang+ oppon5ts has be5 made up & agre$ ^u4 ,f4 ,a ,new ,deal4 ,a new deal is n all[$ = any reason1 except z provid$ 9 ,laws ( ,auction #cf & #cg4 ,if !re be an impossible decl>ation "s o!r p5alty mu/ be select$4#bd ,a decl>ation 7o!r ?an pass+7 out ( turn mu/ /&2#be z a p5alty1 ! adv]s>ies score #ej hon\r po9ts 9 _! hon\r column & ! p>tn] ( ! (f5d+ play] _c !reaft] p>ticipate 9 ! bidd+ ( t deal4 ,! p5alty = ! (f5ce m5tion$ 9 ,law #ha is #ej po9ts 9 ! adv]se hon\r score4 ,g4 ,team ,mat*es4 ,a mat* consi/s ( any agre$ numb] ( deals1 ea* ( :i* is play$ once at ea* table4 ,! conte/+ teams mu/ be ( equal size1 b ea* may consi/ ( any agre$ numb] ( pairs 7n less ?an two74 ,"o half ( ea* team1 or z ne> !reto z possible1 sits nor? & s\?2 ! o!r half ea/ & we/4 ,9 case ! teams are compos$ ( an odd numb] ( pairs1 ea* team1 9 mak+ up its total score1 adds1 z ?\gh won by x1 ! av]age score ( all pairs seat$ 9 ! positions opposite to its odd pair4 ,9 mak+ up av]ages1 fractions are disreg>d$ & ! ne>e/ :ole numb]s tak51 unless x be necess>y to take ! fraction into acc\nt to avoid a tie1 9 :i* case ! mat* is won 8by ! fraction ( a po9t40 ,! team mak+ ! high] score w9s ! mat*4 ,h4 ,pair ,conte/s4 ,! score ( a pair is comp>$ only ) o!r pairs :o h play$ ! same h&s4 ,a pair obta9s a plus score = ! conte/ :5 its net total is m ?an ! av]age2 a m9us score = ! conte/ :5 its net total is less ?an ! av]age4 ,,note4--,"s play]s 9 ,am]ica are adopt+ ! ,engli% rule1 :i* all[s ! deal] to pass1 )\t mak+ any decl>ation4 ,! usual expression is1 8,no bid40 ,ea* play] to ! left may !n pass 9 turn1 & if no bid is made ! deal passes to ! left4 ,! l[e/ decl>ation is "o club1 z spades h a con/ant value ( n9e & are always 8royals40 ,! ,engli% rule is to score #ej = little slam & #ajj = gr& slam1 & "s ,am]ican play]s h adopt$ t rule4 #bd ,see ,law #ej4 ,! same rul+ applies to ,law #ed4 #be ,?is includes a d\ble or r$\ble out ( turn4 ,see ,law #eg4 ,,text ,,books4 ,bridge1 & ,h[ to ,play ,x1 by ,a4 ,dunn1 ,jr41 #ahii4 ,fo/]'s ,bridge ,manual1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aijj4 ,fo/] on ,bridge1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aijj4 ,! ,bridge ,manual1 by ,john ,doe1 #aijj4 ,bridge ,abridg$1 by ,w4 ,dalton1 #aija4 ,elwell on ,bridge1 by ,j4,b4 ,elwell1 #aijb4 ,fo/]'s ,bridge ,tactics1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aijc4 ,fo/]'s ,self-play+ ,bridge ,c>ds1 #aijc4 ,! ,bridge ,book1 by ,a4 ,dunn1 ,jr41 #aijc4 ,bridge ,up to ,date1 by ,c4,s4 ,/reet1 #aijc4 ,sixty ,bridge ,h&s1 by ,c4,s4 ,/reet1 #aijc4 ,laws & ,pr9ciples ( ,bridge1 by 8,badswor?10 #aijc4 ,bridge ,:i/ 9 ,brief1 by ,fi%] ,ames1 #aijd4 ,bridge at a ,glance1 by ,w4 ,dalton1 #aijd4 ,! ,gi/ ( ,bridge1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aijd4 ,bridge ,developm5ts1 by ,rob]tson & ,walla/on1 #aijd4 ,advanc$ ,bridge1 by ,j4,b4 ,elwell1 #aijd4 ,auction ,bridge1 by ,john ,doe1 #aijd4 ,bridge t ,w9s1 by ,a4 ,metcalfe1 #aije4 ,fo/]'s ,complete ,bridge1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aije4 ,fo/]'s ,bridge ,maxims1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aije4 ,! ,bridge ,blue ,book1 by ,p4,f4 ,mottelay1 #aijf4 ,good ,bridge1 by ,c4,s4 ,/reet1 #aijg4 ,practical ,bridge1 by ,j4,b4 ,elwell1 #aijh4 ,auction ,bridge ,up to ,date1 by ,w4 ,dalton1 #aiji4 ,pr9ciples ( ,auction ,bridge1 by 8,badswor?10 #aiaj4 ,auction ,bridge ,up to ,date1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aiaj4 ,advanc$ ,auction ,bridge1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aiaa4 ,auction ,bridge1 by 8,bascule10 #aiaa4 ,new ,auction & ,dummy ,play1 by ,j4,b4 ,gleason1 #aiab4 ,f9e ,po9ts ( ,bridge1 by ,flor5ce ,irw91 #aiab4 ,auction ,bridge1 by ,j4,b4 ,elwell1 #aiab4 ,royal ,auction ,bridge1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aiab4 ,sci5tific ,auction ,bridge1 by ,e4,v4 ,%ep>d1 #aiac4 ,auction ( ,to-day1 by ,milton ,"w1 #aiac4 ,royal ,auction & ,nullos1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aiad4 ,auction ,developm5ts1 by ,milton ,"w1 #aiad4 ,:itehead's ,conv5tions ( ,auction ,bridge1 by ,wilbur ,c4 ,:itehead1 #aiad4 ,,:i/4 ,,c>ds4 ,:i/ is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 rank+ ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b2 ! ,ace be+ ! highe/ 9 play1 b rank+ bel[ ! deuce 9 cutt+4 ,two packs are g5]ally us$1 ! "o be+ %uffl$ :ile ! o!r is dealt4 ,,m>k]s are necess>y to keep ! score4 ,! mo/ common are r$ & :ite circul> c\nt]s2 ! :ite be+ us$ = ! po9ts 9 ea* game1 & ! r$ = ! games !mselves1 or = rubb] po9ts4 ,x is bett] to h two sets1 ( diff]5t col\rs1 ea* set consi/+ ( f\r circul> & ?ree oblong c\nt]s1 ! latt] be+ us$ = ! rubb] po9ts1 or = games4 ,,play]s4 ,:i/ is play$ by f\r p]sons4 ,:5 !re are m ?an f\r c&idates = play1 five or six may =m a 8table40 ,if m ?an six (f] = play1 ! selection ( ! table is made by cutt+4 ,! table be+ =m$1 ! f\r p]sons :o %all play ! fir/ rubb] are det]m9$ by cutt+1 & !y aga9 cut = p>tn]s1 & ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,,cutt+4 ,! me?ods ( cutt+ are ! same z ^? describ$ 9 connection ) ,bridge1 & ties are decid$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,,play]s' ,,positions4 ,! f\r play]s at a :i/ table are usually di/+ui%$ by ! lett]s ,a1 ,b1 ,y1 ,z2 ! fir/ two lett]s ( ! alphabet be+ p>tn]s aga9/ ! la/ two1 & _! positions at ! table be+ indicat$ z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 ,y ----- ,a ,b ----- ,z ,z is always ! deal]2 ,a ! orig9al lead]1 or fir/ h&2 ,y ! second h&2 ,b ! ?ird h&2 & ,z ! f\r? h&4 ,aft] ! fir/ trick1 "s o!r play] may become ! lead]2 ! "o on 8 left be+ ! second h&2 8 p>tn] ! ?ird h&1 & ! play] on 8 "r ! f\r? h&4 ,b is ! pone4 ,,deal+4 ,! c>ds hav+ be5 prop]ly %uffl$1 ! deal] pres5ts !m to ! pone to be cut4 ,! ,am]ican laws require t aft] sep>at+ ! pack1 ! pone %all place ! cut "p1 :i* he lifts (f1 ne>] ! deal]4 ,beg9n+ at 8 left1 ! deal] di/ributes ! c>ds "o at a "t 9 rotation1 until ! pack is exhau/$4 ,! la/ c>d is turn$ face up on ! table1 & ! suit to :i* x belongs is ! trump = t h&4 ,:5 two packs are us$1 "o is %uffl$ by ! deal]'s p>tn] :ile ! o!r is dealt1 & ! %uffl$ pack is plac$ on ! left ( ! play] ^: turn x w be to deal next4 ,ea* play] deals 9 turn until ! conclusion ( ! game or rubb]4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,! ,,deal4 ,! foll[+ rules reg>d+ ! deal %\ld be /rictly obs]v$3-- ,if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 ! deal] mu/ deal aga94 ,%\ld ! deal] turn ov] any c>d b ! trump1 :ile deal+1 ! adv]s>ies may1 if !y please1 dem& a new deal4 ,a play] deal+ out ( turn may be /opp$ be=e ! trump c>d is turn$2 b aft] t1 ! deal mu/ /&1 aft]w>ds pass+ to ! left 9 regul> ord]4 ,on ! completion ( ! deal1 ea* play] %\ld take up & c\nt 8 c>ds to see t he has ?irte52 if n1 x is a misdeal1 & unless ! pack is f\nd to be imp]fect1 ! deal passes to ! play] on ! misdeal]'s left4 ,! deal] loses ! deal3--if he neglects to h ! pack cut2 if he deals a c>d incorrectly1 & fails to rem$y ! error be=e deal+ ano!r2 if he c\nts ! c>ds on ! table1 or ^? rema9+ 9 ! pack2 if he looks at ! trump c>d be=e ! deal is complete2 or if he places ! trump c>d face d[n1 on 8 own or on any o!r play]'s c>ds4 ,,/akes4 ,:5 /akes are play$ =1 x %\ld be di/9ctly und]/ood at ! beg9n+ :e!r ! unit is = a game1 = a rubb]1 = rubb] po9ts1 or = tricks4 ,! ,engli% game is inv>iably play$ = s mu* a rubb] po9t2 sometimes ) an extra /ake ^u ! rubb] itself4 ,9 ,am]ica1 x is usual to play = s mu* a game2 b 9 "s cases ! tricks are ! unit1 d$uct+ ! los]'s score f sev51 or play+ ! la/ h& out & !n d$uct+ ! los]'s score4 ,a v popul> me?od is to play = a triple /ake3 s mu* a trick1 play+ ea* h& out2 s mu* a game2 & s mu* a rubb]4 ,^! ?ree /akes are usually 9 ! proportion ( #aj1 #be1 & #ej4 ,9 clubs x is cu/om>y to h a uni=m /ake = :i/1 & to fix a limit = all bett+ on ! game beyond ! 8club /ake40 ,good usage dem&s t ^? at ! table %\ld h ! refusal ( any bet made by a play]1 be=e x is (f]$ to an outsid]4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! play] on ! deal]'s left beg9s by lead+ any c>d he *ooses1 & ! o!rs mu/ all foll[ suit if !y c4 ,failure to foll[ suit :5 able is call$ revok+2 ! p5alty = :i*1 "u ! ,am]ican laws1 is ! loss ( two tricks2 "u ! ,engli% laws1 ?ree tricks or po9ts4 ,any play] hav+ none ( ! suit l$ may ei!r trump x or ?r[ away a c>d ( ano!r suit1 :i* is call$ disc>d+4 ,:5 x is ! deal]'s turn to play to ! fir/ trick1 he %\ld take ! trump c>d into 8 h&4 ,aft] x has be5 tak5 up x mu/ n be nam$1 & any play] nam+ x is subject to a p5alty1 7see ,laws27 b a play] may ask :at ! trump suit is4 ,if all foll[ suit1 ! highe/ c>d play$ w9s ! trick2 trumps w9 aga9/ all o!r suits1 & a high] trump w9s a l[]4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick may lead any c>d he pleases = ! next trick1 & s on until all ?irte5 tricks h be5 play$4 ,c>ds ,play$ 9 ,error1 or dropp$ face upw>d on ! table1 or two or m play$ at once1 are call$ expos$ c>ds1 & mu/ be left on ! table4 ,!y c be call$ by ! adv]s>ies2 b ! fact ( _! be+ expos$ does n prev5t _! be+ play$ :5 ! opportunity (f]s4 ,"s p]sons imag9e t ! adv]s>ies c prev5t an expos$ c>d f be+ play$2 b su* is n ! case4 ,lead+ out ( ,turn4 ,%\ld a play] lead out ( turn1 ! adv]s>ies may call a suit f ! play] 9 error1 or f 8 p>tn]1 :5 x is next ! turn ( ei!r ( !m to lead4 ,am]ican laws require ! call to be made by ! play] on ! "r ( ! "o f :om ! suit is call$4 ,! ,engli% laws give ! adv]s>ies ! option ( call+ ! c>d play$ 9 error an expos$ c>d4 ,if all h play$ to ! trick be=e discov]+ ! error1 x _c be rectifi$2 b if all h n play$1 ^? :o h foll[$ ! false lead mu/ take back _! c>ds1 :i* are n1 h[ev]1 liable to be call$4 ,revok+ ,play]s _c w9 ! game t h&1 no matt] :at !y score2 b !y may play ! h& out1 & score all po9ts !y make to )9 "o po9t ( game4 ,any play] may ask ! o!rs to draw c>ds 9 any trick1 provid$ he does s be=e !y are t\*$ = ! purpose ( ga!r+ !m4 ,9 answ] to ?is dem&1 ea* play] %\ld indicate :i* ( ! c>ds on ! table he play$4 ,9 ! ,engli% game1 any play] may look at ! la/ trick turn$ & quitt$2 9 ! ,am]ican he may n4 ,tak+ ,tricks4 ,z ! tricks are tak51 !y %\ld be neatly laid "o ^u ! o!r 9 su* a mann] t any play] at ! table c c\nt !m at a glance4 ,!re are sev]al me?ods ( /ack+ tricks2 ! fir/ %[n be+ probably ! be/4 ,illu/ration ,:5 six h be5 tak5 by "o side !y are usually ga!r$ toge!r to =m a book2 any subsequ5tly tak5 be+ laid ap>t1 z !y are ! only ones t c\nt4 ,x is cu/om>y = ! p>tn] ( ! play] w9n+ ! fir/ trick on ea* side to ga!r ! tricks = t deal4 ,9 "s places x is ! cu/om = ! p>tn] ( ! w9n] ( ea* trick to ga!r x1 s t at ! end ( ! h& ea* play] has tricks 9 front ( him4 ,al?\gh ?is me?od saves "t1 ! practice is n to be recomm5d$1 z x h9d]s ! play]s 9 c\nt+ ! tricks already ga9$ by ea* side4 ,imm$iately ^u ! completion ( ! play ( a h&1 ! score %\ld be claim$ & m>k$4 ,any discussion ( ! play %\ld be po/pon$ until ?is has be5 att5d$ to4 ,! adv]s>ies mu/ detect & claim revokes be=e ! c>ds are cut = ! foll[+ deal4 ,! laws ( :i/ %\ld be c>efully /udi$4 ,,object ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! object ( all :i/ play is to take tricks1 ( :i* !re are ?irte5 9 ea* h& or deal4 ,! fir/ six tricks tak5 by "o side are call$ a book1 & d n c\nt2 b ea* trick above t numb] c\nts "o po9t t[>ds game4 ,! sev5? trick is call$ ! odd2 & two or m ov] ! book are call$ two1 ?ree1 etc41 by c>ds4 ,at ! conclusion ( ea* h&1 ! side t has won any tricks 9 excess ( ! book1 scores !m2 ! oppon5ts c\nt+ no?+4 ,z soon z ei!r side has scor$ ! numb] ( po9ts previ\sly agre$ ^u z a game1 :i* mu/ be #e1 #g1 or #aj1 ! c>ds are aga9 %uffl$ & spread = ! *oice ( p>tn]s1 etc41 unless x has be5 agre$ to play a rubb]4 ,,scor+4 ,!re are sev]al me?ods ( scor+ at :i/4 ,! ,engli% game is #e po9ts1 rubb]s be+ always play$4 ,besides ! po9ts scor$ = tricks1 hon\rs are c\nt$2 ! games h a diff]5t value1 accord+ to ! score ( ! adv]s>ies2 & ! side w9n+ ! rubb] adds two po9ts to its score4 ,9 scor+1 ! revoke p5alty c\nts fir/1 tricks next1 & hon\rs la/4 ,! ,revoke4 ,%\ld ! adv]s>ies detect & claim a revoke be=e ! c>ds are cut = ! foll[+ deal1 !y h ! option ( ?ree p5alties3 #a/4 ,to take ?ree tricks f ! revok+ play]1 add+ !m to _! own4 #bnd4 ,to d$uct ?ree po9ts f 8 game score4 #crd4 ,to add ?ree po9ts to _! own game score4 ,! p5alty _c be divid$4 ,a revoke may be correct$ by ! play] mak+ x be=e ! trick 9 :i* x occurs has be5 turn$ & quitt$4 ,! c>d play$ 9 error mu/ be left face up on ! table1 & mu/ be play$ :5 dem&$ by ! adv]s>ies1 unless x c be got rid ( previ\sly1 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,9 ,am]ica1 ! revoke p5alty is two tricks4 ,! ,hon\rs are ! f\r highe/ trumps1 ,a1 ,k1 ,q1 & ,j2 & aft] tricks h be5 scor$1 p>tn]s :o held ?ree hon\rs betwe5 !m are entitl$ to c\nt two po9ts t[>ds game2 f\r hon\rs c\nt+ f\r po9ts4 ,if ea* side has two hon\rs1 nei!r c c\nt !m4 ,x is n en\gh to score !m2 aft] ! la/ c>d has be5 play$1 !y mu/ be claim$ by ^w ( m\?4 ,if !y are n claim$ be=e ! trump is turn$ = ! foll[+ deal1 !y _c be scor$4 ,p>tn]s :o1 at ! beg9n+ ( a deal1 are at ! score ( f\r1 _c c\nt hon\rs2 !y mu/ get ! odd trick to w9 ! game4 ,%\ld "o side be out by tricks1 & ! o!r by hon\rs1 ! tricks w9 ! game1 ! hon\rs c\nt+ no?+4 ,rubb] ,po9ts4 ,at ! conclusion ( ea* game1 ! rubb] po9ts are scor$1 ei!r ) ! oblong c\nt]s1 or on ! small keys ( ! :i/-m>k]4 ,if ! w9n]s ( a game are five po9ts to _! adv]s>ies' no?+1 !y w9 a treble1 & c\nt ?ree rubb] po9ts4 ,if ! adv]s>ies h scor$1 b h "o or two po9ts only1 ! w9n]s m>k two po9ts1 = a d\ble4 ,if ! adv]s>ies h rea*$ ?ree or f\r1 ! w9n]s m>k "o1 = a s+le4 ,! rubb] po9ts hav+ be5 m>k$1 all o!r scores are turn$ d[n4 ,! side w9n+ ! rubb] adds two po9ts to its score = s do+4 ,! value ( ! rubb] is det]m9$ by d$uct+ f ! score ( ! w9n]s any rubb] po9ts t may h be5 made by _! adv]s>ies4 ,! smalle/ rubb] possible to w9 is "o po9t2 ! w9n]s hav+ scor$ two s+les & ! rubb]1 equal to f\r2 f :i* !y h to d$uct a triple made by _! adv]s>ies4 ,! l>ge/ rubb] possible is eight po9ts1 call$ a bump]1 ! w9n]s hav+ scor$ two triples & ! rubb]1 to _! adv]s>ies' no?+4 ,x is sometimes important to obs]ve ! ord] ( prec$5ce 9 scor+4 ,= in/ance3 if1 at ! beg9n+ ( a h&1 ,a-,b h ?ree po9ts to ,y-,z's no?+1 & ,a-,b make two by hon\rs1 ,y-,z w9n+ ?ree by c>ds1 ,y-,z m>k fir/2 s t ,a-,b w9 only a s+le1 in/ead ( a treble4 ,on ! contr>y1 %\ld ,a-,b make two by c>ds1 ,y-,z claim+ f\r by hon\rs1 ,a-,b w9 a treble2 z _! tricks put !m out be=e x is ,y-,z's turn to c\nt4 ,9 ,am]ica1 :]e rubb]s are play$ )\t c\nt+ hon\rs1 x is n usual to reckon rubb] po9ts2 b simply to add "s agre$ value to ! score ( ^? w9n+ ! odd game4 ,:]e s+le games are play$1 :e!r #e1 #g1 or #aj po9ts1 "s p]sons consid] ! game z f9i%$ :5 ! agre$ numb] ( po9ts is rea*$4 ,o!rs play ! la/ h& out1 & c\nt all ! tricks made2 s t if two p>tn]s 7 at ! score ( #f 9 a #g-po9t game1 & made five by c>ds1 !y w\ld w9 a game ( #aa po9ts4 ,:5 ?is is done1 x is usual to d$uct ! score ( ! los]s f ! total1 & to call ! rema9d] ! value ( ! game4 ,9 ! ,am]ican ,:i/ ,league1 ! rule is to /op at sev5 po9ts1 & to det]m9e ! value ( ! game by d$uct+ ! los]'s score f sev54 ,:5 long sitt+s occur )\t *ange ( p>tn]s or adv]s>ies1 x is a common practice to c\nt ! tricks cont9u\sly1 & on ! conclusion ( ! play1 to d$uct ! l[] score f ! high]1 ! w9n]s be+ cr$it$ ) ! diff]5ce4 ,,cutt+ ,,out4 ,if rubb]s are play$1 !re is no *ange ( p>tn]s1 or ( rotation 9 ! deal1 until "o side has won two games1 :i* ends ! rubb]4 ,if ! fir/ two games are won by ! same p>tn]s1 ! ?ird is n play$4 ,if m ?an f\r play]s belong to ! table1 ^? :o h j play$ cut to decide :i* %all give place to ^? wait+2 ^? cutt+ ! highe/ c>ds go+ out4 ,if six belong to ! table1 !re w be no fur!r cutt+ out2 z ^? :o are out = "o rubb] re-ent] = ! next1 tak+ ! places ( ^? :o h play$ two consecutive rubb]s4 ,if five belong to ! table1 ! ?ree :o rema9$ 9 = ! second rubb] mu/ cut to all[ ! fif? play] to re-ent]4 ,at ! end ( ! ?ird rubb]1 ! two cut t h n yet be5 out2 & at ! end ( ! f\r? rubb]1 ! "o :o has play$ e rubb] goes out )\t cutt+4 ,aft] ?is1 x is usual to spread ! c>ds1 & to =m ! table anew4 ,9 all ! =ego+ in/ances1 p>tn]s & deal mu/ be cut =1 aft] ! cut has decid$ :i* are to play4 ,,m>k+4 ,!re are v>i\s me?ods ( us+ ! c\nt]s4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! game !y may be plac$ at ! left h&1 & transf]r$ to ! "r z ! po9ts accrue4 ,ano!r me?od is to /ack ! f\r circul> c\nt]s "o ^u ! o!r at ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 & to c\nt a po9t by plac+ "o ( !m beside ! o!rs2 two po9ts by plac+ ano!r ^u ! fir/2 ?ree po9ts by plac+ a ?ird beyond ^! two1 & f\r po9ts by plac+ !m all 9 l9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,no?+4 ,"o4 ,two4 ,?ree4 ,f\r4 ,9 ! sev5 po9t game1 ! score is cont9u$ by plac+ "o c\nt] above1 & to ! "r or left ( ! o!r ?ree1 to indicate five po9ts2 & above & betwe5 !m to indicate six4 ,illu/ration3 ,five4 ,or ?is4 ,six4 ,:5 c\nt]s are n us$1 "o ( ! /&>d =ms ( :i/-m>k] is employ$1 ! mo/ legible & conv5i5t be+ ! 8,fo/] ,:i/ ,m>k]10 9 :i* ! c\nt+ keys are always level ) ! surface & c be se5 equally well f any position at ! table4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,fo/] ,:i/ ,m>k]4 ,! f\r l>ge keys on "o side are us$ to c\nt s+le po9ts1 ! s+le l>ge key on ! opposite side be+ reckon$ z five4 ,! ?ree small keys are us$ = c\nt+ rubb] po9ts1 or games4 ,9 t5 po9t games1 ! scor+ to f\r po9ts is ! same2 b beyond f\r1 a s+le c\nt] plac$ bel[ two or m o!rs1 is reckon$ z ?ree2 & above two or m o!rs1 z five4 ,illu/ration3 ,five4 ,six4 ,sev54 ,eight4 ,n9e4 ,:5 prop] m>k]s are n obta9able1 _m p]sons cut eight slits 9 a visit+ c>d1 & turn up ! po9ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,visit+-,c>d ,m>k]4 ,:atev] ! app>atus employ$1 x %\ld be su* t e play] at ! table c di/9ctly see ! /ate ( ! score )\t draw+ att5tion to x4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,*eat+4 ,:i/ (f]s v few opportunities to ! c>d-%>p]4 ,:5 hon\rs are c\nt$1 he may be able to keep "o on ! bottom ( ! pack until ! completion ( ! deal by mak+ ! pass aft] ! c>ds h be5 cut4 ,a greek :o possess$ suffici5t skill to d ?is )\t detection w\ld be v fooli% to wa/e 8 tal5ts at ! :i/ table2 =1 h[ev] l>ge ! /akes1 ! p]c5tage 9 8 fav\r w\ld be v small4 ,:5 :i/ is play$ ) only "o pack1 a v skillful %uffl] may ga!r ! c>ds )\t di/urb+ ! tricks1 &1 by giv+ !m a s+le intricate %uffle1 !n draw+ ! middle ( ! pack f betwe5 ! ends & giv+ ano!r s+le intricate %uffle1 he may occasionally succe$ 9 deal+ himself & 8 p>tn] a v /rong h& 9 trumps1 no matt] h[ ! c>ds are cut1 s t !y are n %uffl$ aga94 ,a h& dealt 9 ?is mann] is fram$ on ! walls ( ! ,columbus1 ,ohio1 ,:i/ ,club2 elev5 trumps hav+ be5 dealt to ! p>tn]1 & ! twelf? turn$ up4 ,9 ?is case ! %uffl+ dext]ity 0 ! result ( fifte5 ye>s' practice1 & 0 employ$ simply = amusem5t1 ! deal] nev] bett+ on any game1 & mak+ no concealm5t ( 8 me?ods4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,al?\gh :i/ is a game ( v simple con/ruction1 ! imm5se v>iety ( comb9ations :i* x af=ds r5d]s x v complicat$ 9 actual practice2 !re be+ probably no game 9 :i* !re is s mu* div]sity ( op9ion z to ! be/ play1 ev5 ) ! same c>ds1 & "u simil> conditions4 ,x has be5 repeat$ly rem>k$ t 9 all ! publi%$ h&s at :i/ :i* h be5 play$ 9 duplicate1 or ev5 f\r times ov]1 ) ! same c>ds1 no two h be5 alike4 ,x w\ld be useless to =mulate rules int5d$ to cov] e case t might arise1 because ! conditions are frequ5tly too complicat$ to all[ ! av]age human intellect to select ! exact rule :i* w\ld apply4 ,all t c be done to assi/ ! beg9n] is to /ate c]ta9 g5]al pr9ciples :i* are well recognis$ z fundam5tal1 & to leave ! re/ to exp]i5ce & practice at ! :i/ table4 ,,g5]al ,,pr9ciples4 ,no?+ ob/ructs ! progress ( ! beg9n] s mu* z 8 attempts to cov] all ! gr\nd at once4 ,! m ambiti\s he is1 ! great] 8 necessity = keep+ 9 view ! maxim2 8,"o ?+ at a "t3 all ?+s 9 succession40 ,"o mu/ ma/] ! scales be=e he c produce ! p]fect melody4 ,! novice %\ld fir/ ?or\ghly und]/& ! object1 & ! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( ! game4 ,! ,object is to w9 tricks4 ,n to give in=mation1 or to c\nt ! h&s1 or to rememb] e c>d play$2 b simply & only to w9 tricks4 ,! ,pr9ciple is to secure = c]ta9 c>ds a trick-tak+ value :i* does n naturally belong to !m2 ei!r by gett+ high] c>ds out ( ! way ( l[]1 or by plac+ ! hold] ( int]m$iate c>ds at a disadvantage ) reg>d to ! lead4 ,if any p]son w take ! tr\ble to deal out f\r h&s1 & aft] turn+ !m face up on ! table1 c\nt h[ _m tricks ea* side w probably take ) its high c>ds & trumps1 he w f9d t ! total w h>dly ev] be exactly ?irte5 tricks4 ,let u suppose ! foll[+ to be "o ( ! h&s s dealt2 ,z turn+ up ! #f = trumps3-- ,illu/ration3 ,q ,j #h #f ,k ,j #f #e #c ,a #i #h #f #d #c #b ------- ,a ,k #aj #e ,a ,k ,q #h #g #d #c ,y ,j #i #g ,a ,b ,a #h #d ,q #g ,z ,k #e #d #b ------- #i #g #f #aj #e #b ,q #aj #i #b ,j #aj #c ,on look+ ov] ?is h& x w\ld appe> t ,a c\ld only make "o trick 9 ,clubs1 ( :i* ! second r\nd w\ld be trump$4 ,8 p>tn] c c\nt on five tricks3 ! two be/ & ! f\r? trumps2 ! ,a1 & ! ,k2 a total ( six tricks4 ,on c\nt+ ! adv]s>ies' probable tricks1 ,y %\ld make "o ( 8 ?ree trumps1 & ! ,a4 ,diamonds w n g r\nd twice )\t be+ trump$1 s we _c c\nt on 8 ,k4 ,we _c see any sure tricks = ,z4 ,:]e are ! five o!r tricks necess>y to br+ our total up to ?irte58 ,!y mu/ be !re1 = !re are ?irte5 tricks tak5 9 e h& play$4 ,if we play ov] ! h&1 we %all f9d t ,a-,b may make six1 sev51 n9e1 or t5 tricks1 accord+ to _! good managem5t1 & ! good or bad play ( _! adv]s>ies4 ,9 ,fo/]'s ,:i/ ,tactics1 ,illu/rative ,h& ,no4 #ac1 may be f\nd ! v>i\s ideas ( sixte5 ( ! be/ play]s 9 ! ,am]ican ,:i/ ,league ) reg>d to ! prop] managem5t ( ?is h&4 ,!y play$ x 9 f\r diff]5t ways1 & ) v diff]5t results 9 ! score4 ,?is mu/ %[ t ! accid5tal di/ribution ( ! ,aces1 ,k+s1 & trumps is n ev]y?+ 9 :i/1 & t !re mu/ be ways & means ( secur+ tricks :i* d n appe> on ! surface4 ,!re are f\r ways ( tak+ tricks at :i/3 #a/4 ,by play+ high c>ds1 ! suit ( :i* ! o!rs mu/ foll[4 ,?is ,a does1 9 ! example1 on ! fir/ r\nd ( ! ,club suit4 #bnd4 ,by play+ l[ c>ds1 aft] ! high] ones h be5 exhau/$1 & ! adv]se trumps are out ( ! way4 ,?is ,y w d ) 8 ,diamonds1 or ,a ) 8 ,clubs1 accord+ to circum/ances4 #crd4 ,by trump+ w9n+ c>ds play$ by ! adv]s>ies4 ,?is ,y w d if ,clubs are l$ a second "t1 or ,a w d if ,diamonds are l$ twice4 #d?4 ,by be+ able to take tricks ) c>ds :i* are n ! be/ ( ! suit1 ! play] :o holds bett] c>ds hav+ already play$ small]4 ,?is ,b w d ) ! #aj if ,a leads trumps1 & ,y does n play ei!r ,q or ,j4 ,if ,b leads trumps he w lose ?is advantage4 ,^! f\r me?ods ( w9n+ tricks sugge/ f\r sy/ems ( play1 :i* are ^? 9 common use by exp]ts at ! pres5t day3 #a/4 ,play+ high c>ds to ! be/ advantage1 s z to secure ! be/ results f su* comb9ations z may be held4 ,?is is ! basis ( all sy/ems ( lead+4 #bnd4 ,lead+ f ! longe/ suit1 9 ord] t high] c>ds may be =c$ out ( ! way ( small] ones1 leav+ ! small] ones 8e/abli%$10 or good = tricks aft] ! adv]se trumps are exhau/$4 ,?is is call$ ! long-suit game4 #crd4 ,trump+ good c>ds play$ by ! adv]s>ies4 ,?is is call$ ruff+4 ,:5 two p>tn]s ea* trump a diff]5t suit1 x is call$ a cross-ruff1 or saw4 #d?4 ,tak+ advantage ( ! t5ace possibilities ( ! h& by plac+ ! lead ) a c]ta9 play]2 or by avoid+ ! necessity ( lead+ away f t5ace suits4 ,= example3 ,a play] holds ,a ,q #aj ( a suit1 8 "r h& adv]s>y hold+ ,k ,j #i4 ,^! are kn[n z ! major & m9or t5aces4 ,:i*ev] leads makes only "o trick2 b if ! hold] ( ! major t5ace c get ! suit l$ twice1 he makes all4 ,?is is call$ ! %ort-suit game1 or f9esse & t5ace4 ,its res\rces may be add$ to by f9ess+ aga9/ c]ta9 c>ds4 ,= example3 ,hold+ ,a ,q #c ( a suit l$ by ! p>tn]1 to play ,q is a f9esse aga9/ f\r? h& hav+ ! ,k+4 ,ea* ( ^! sy/ems has its advantages1 & almo/ e h& w (f] opportunities = practice 9 all ( !m4 ,! mo/ important ?+ to impress on ! beg9n] is t :i/ _c be play$ by ma*9]y4 ,"s au?orities w\ld h u believe t c]ta9 !ories alone are s\nd2 t c]ta9 sy/ems ( play alone are good2 & t if "o w p]sev]e 9 foll[+ c]ta9 precepts1 9 su* matt]s z lead+1 managem5t ( trumps1 etc41 t ! result w be m ?an av]age success at ! :i/ table4 ,no?+ c be fur!r f ! tru?4 ,z 9 all o!r matt]s l>gely controll$ by *ance1 !re is no sy/em1 z a sy/em1 :i* w w9 at :i/4 ,"o _c succe$ by slavi% adh]5ce to ei!r ! long or ! %ort-suit game2 by ! inv>iable giv+ ( in=mation1 or ! cont9ual play+ ( false c>ds4 ,! true elem5ts ( success 9 :i/ lie 9 ! happy comb9ation ( all ! res\rces ( long & %ort suits1 ( f9esse & t5ace1 ( c&\r & deception1 cont9ually adju/$ to v>y+ circum/ances1 s z to result 9 ! adv]s>ies' los+ tricks4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,/udy ,,:i/4 ,any p]son1 anxi\s to become an exp]t :i/ play]1 may atta9 to consid]able pr(ici5cy 9 a %ort "t1 if he w cont5t himself ) ma/]+ ! foll[+ g5]al pr9ciples "o at a "t2 putt+ ea* into practice at ! :i/ table be=e proce$+ to ! next4 ,! sci5ce ( mod]n :i/ may be divid$ into two p>ts3 #a/4 ,tactics2 or ! purely conv5tional rules = lead+1 second & ?ird h& play1 return+ p>tn]'s suits1 etc41 all ( :i* may be le>nt f books1 or ga!r$ f m exp]i5c$ play]s4 #bnd4 ,/rategy2 or ! advantage\s use ( ! in=mation giv5 by ! conv5tional plays4 ,?is is l>gely dep5d5t on p]sonal ability to judge ! situation correctly1 & to select ! me?ods ( play be/ adapt$ to x4 ,,conv5tional ,,plays4 ,^! may be divid$ into two p>ts3 ^? us$ by ! p>tn]s :o attack1 ei!r ) _! /rong suits1 or by lead+ out trumps2 & ^? employ$ by _! adv]s>ies1 :o are def5d+ !mselves aga9/ su* suits1 or wi%+ to prev5t _! trumps be+ drawn4 ,we %all fir/ consid] ! conv5tionalities us$ 9 attack4 ,lead+4 ,! play] ) ! orig9al lead %\ld h a d\ble object 9 view2 to secure ! be/ results = 8 own h&1 & to indicate to 8 p>tn] :]e he is 9 ne$ ( assi/ance4 ,! fir/ matt] = 8 consid]ation w be :e!r to beg9 ) a trump or ) a pla9 suit4 ,!re are two pr9cipal uses = trumps4 ,! mo/ attractive to ! beg9n] is t ( ruff+ ! adv]s>ies' w9n+ c>ds2 & ! mo/ important to ! exp]t is lead+ trumps to prev5t ?is4 ,no matt] h[ /rong or well e/abli%$ a pla9 suit may be1 x is ( unc]ta9 value z long z ! adv]s>ies h any trumps ) :i* to /op x4 ,a suit is e/abli%$ :5 y c probably take e trick 9 x4 ,if a play] ) a good e/abli%$ suit is suffici5tly /rong to make x probable t he c1 ) 8 p>tn]'s assi/ance1 exhau/ ! adv]se trumps1 he %\ld d s by lead+ trumps4 ,if !y are probably /rong] ?an he1 he mu/ =ce !m1 by lead+ ! e/abli%$ suit :i* !y w be compell$ to trump1 weak5+ _! h&s & gradually r$uc+ _! trump /r5g? until x is possible to exhau/ :at rema9s by lead+4 ,x be+ to ! advantage ( ! play] ) a good suit to exhau/ ! trumps1 x mu/ be desirable to 8 adv]s>ies to keep !irs1 if possible1 = ! purpose ( ruff+ ?is good suit4 ,trumps are also useful z c>ds ( re-entry1 :5 a play] has an e/abli%$ suit1 b has n ! lead2 _! mo/ important use1 h[ev]1 is 9 def5d+ or /opp+ e/abli%$ suits4 ,rules = ,lead+ ,trumps4 ,) five or m trumps1 ! beg9n] %\ld always beg9 by lead+ !m1 reg>dless ( ! re/ ( 8 h&4 ,) ?ree or less he %\ld nev] lead !m1 unless he has v /rong c>ds 9 all ! pla9 suits4 ,) f\r trumps exactly1 he %\ld lead !m if he has an e/abli%$ suit & a c>d ( re-entry 9 ano!r suit4 ,a c>d ( re-entry 9 pla9 suits is "o :i* is pretty sure to w9 a trick1 su* z an ,ace1 or a gu>d$ ,k+4 ,! foll[+ are examples ( h&s f :i* trumps %\ld be l$ orig9ally by a beg9n]2-- ,he>ts are trumps 9 e case4 ,j #h #f #d #b2 ,k #c #b2 #aj #i #b2 #g #e4 ,q #aj #b2 ,a ,k #e2 ,k ,q #aj #i2 ,a ,q #c4 ,k ,j #h #c2 ,a ,k ,q #aj #g #c2 #c2 ,a #g4 ,! foll[+ are examples ( h&s f :i* trumps %\ld n be l$3-- ,a ,k ,q2 ,j #h #g #e #c2 ,q #d2 ,k #d #b4 ,q ,j #aj #b2 #e #b2 ,a ,k ,q #b2 #f #d #c4 ,a ,q #e #d2 ,k ,q ,j #f #c2 ,a #i #b2 ,k4 ,if at any lat] /age ( ! h&1 a play] f9ds himself ) an e/abli%$ suit & a c>d ( re-entry1 he %\ld lead trumps if he has f\r4 ,= in/ance3 ,! play] ) ! la/ example %\ld lead trumps if ! fir/ r\nd ( ,clubs ei!r =c$ ! ,ace out ( 8 way1 or f\nd x ) 8 p>tn]4 ,rules = ,lead+ ,pla9 ,suits4 ,x is safe/ = ! beg9n] to select 8 longe/ suit = ! orig9al lead2 unless he has a f\r-c>d suit :i* is mu* /rong]4 ,l5g? & high c>ds1 ! two elem5ts ( /r5g?1 are (t5 v ne>ly balanc$4 ,9 ! foll[+ examples ! play] %\ld beg9 ) ! longe/ suit3-- ,a #d #c2 ,j #aj #i #h #c2 ,a ,k ,q2 ,k #b4 ,k #aj #h #c2 #d #b2 ,k ,q #aj #h #b2 ,a ,q4 ,9 ! foll[+ ! f\r-c>d suit %\ld be select$3-- ,j #c2 #f #e #d #c #b2 ,j #aj #e #c2 ,q #h4 ,q #d #b2 #g2 #aj #f #d #c #b2 ,a ,k ,q #aj4 ,! pr9ciple :i* %\ld guide 9 ! selection ( a pla9 suit = ! orig9al lead is1 t if !re are a numb] ( small c>ds 9 "o suit1 & a few high c>ds 9 ano!r1 by lead+ ! long suit fir/1 ! high] c>ds 9 x are =c$ out ( ! way1 & ! high c>ds 9 ! %ort] suit w !n br+ ! hold] ( ! e/abli%$ small c>ds into ! lead aga94 ,b if ! high c>ds ( ! %ort suit are fir/ l$1 ! long suit ( small c>ds is dead4 ,hav+ det]m9$ :e!r to lead ! trump or ! pla9 suit1 ! next po9t is to select ! prop] c>d ( ! suit to lead4 ,at fir/ ! beg9n] ne$ n tr\ble himself ab\t mak+ any di/9ction betwe5 trumps & pla9 suits2 t w come lat]4 ,rules = ,lead+ ,high ,c>ds4 ,hav+ a /rong suit1 b )\t c>ds ( re-entry or trump /r5g? to support x1 ! be/ policy is to make tricks :ile y c4 ,) su* a suit z ,a ,k ,q #b1 no "o ne$ be told n to beg9 ) ! deuce4 ,:5ev] a play] holds two or m ( ! be/ c>ds ( a suit he %\ld play "o ( !m4 ,if he holds bo? second & ?ird be/1 play+ "o ( !m w =ce ! be/ out ( 8 way1 leav+ him ) ! comm&+ c>d4 ,! c>ds :i* are recognis$ by :i/ play]s z high1 are ! ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj1 & if we sep>ate ! v>i\s comb9ations f :i* a play] %\ld lead ea* ( !m1 a /udy ( ! gr\ps s =m$ w greatly facilitate our recollection ( !m4 ,9 ! fir/ gr\p are ^? conta9+ two or m ( ! be/ c>ds4 ,9 ?is & all foll[+ notation1 ! exact size ( any c>d bel[ a ,t5 is immat]ial4 ,illu/ration3 ,s f> z trick-tak+ is conc]n$1 x is ( no importance :i* ( ! w9n+ c>ds is fir/ l$2 b = ! pa/ hundr$ ye>s x has be5 ! cu/om = good :i/ play]s to lead ! ,k+ f all ^! comb9ations1 9 ord] t ! p>tn] may be in=m$1 by its w9n+1 t ! lead] holds ! ,ace also4 ,9 ! second gr\p are ^? conta9+ bo? ! second & ?ird be/1 b n ! be/4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,k+ is ! prop] lead f ^! comb9ations4 ,if x w9s1 ! p>tn] %\ld h ! ,ace2 if x loses1 p>tn] %\ld "k ! lead] holds at lea/ ! ,que54 ,bo? ^! gr\ps1 :i* conta9 all ! ,k+ leads1 may be easily rememb]$ by obs]v+ t ! ,k+ is always l$ if accompani$ by ! ,ace or ,que51 or bo?4 ,beg9n]s %\ld foll[ ?is rule = lead+ ! ,k+1 reg>dless ( ! numb] ( small c>ds 9 ! suit1 unless !y hold ! sequ5ce ( ,k ,q ,j1 & at lea/ two o!r c>ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,f ?is comb9ation ! ,jack is ! usual lead1 9 ord] to invite p>tn] to put on ! ,ace1 if he has x1 & get out ( ! way1 ?us e/abli%+ ! suit 9 ! lead]'s h&4 ,?is is ! only high-c>d comb9ation f :i* ! ,jack is l$4 ,!re is only "o comb9ation f :i* ! ,que5 is l$1 reg>dless ( ! numb] ( ! small c>ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,?is may be rememb]$ by obs]v+ t !re is no high] c>d 9 ! suit ?an ! "o l$1 & t x conta9s a sequ5ce ( ?ree c>ds1 ,q ,j #aj4 ,?is lead is an indication to ! p>tn] t ! lead] holds nei!r ,ace nor ,k+4 ,!re is only "o comb9ation f :i* ! ,t5 is l$1 reg>dless ( ! numb] ( small c>ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,t5 l$ is an indication to p>tn] t bo? ,ace & ,que5 are aga9/ ! lead]4 ,comb9ations f :i* ! ,ace is l$ conta9 at lea/ five c>ds 9 suit1 or bo? ,que5 & ,jack4 ,illu/ration3 ,?is lead is an indication to p>tn] t ! lead] has n ! ,k+1 & t ! suit is ei!r long1 or conta9s ?ree hon\rs4 ,rules = ,lead+ ,l[ ,c>ds4 ,if ! suit select$ = ! lead conta9s none ( ! comb9ations f :i* a high c>d %\ld be l$1 x is cu/om>y ) good play]s to beg9 ) ! #d?-be/1 c\nt+ f ! top ( ! suit4 ,?is is call$ ! c>d ( uni=mity2 because x indicates to ! p>tn] t !re are rema9+ 9 ! lead]'s h& exactly ?ree c>ds high] ?an ! "o l$4 ,f any ( ! foll[+ comb9ations ! prop] lead w\ld be ! ,f\r3-- ,illu/ration3 ,illu/ration3 ,rules = ,lead+ ,%ort ,suits4 ,x w sometimes happ5 t ! only f\r-c>d suit 9 ! lead]'s h& w be trumps1 :i* x is n desirable to lead4 ,9 su* cases1 if !re is no high-c>d comb9ation 9 any ( ! %ort suits1 x is usual to lead ! highe/ c>d1 unless x is an ,ace or ,k+4 ,_m good play]s w n lead ! ,que5 f a ?ree c>d suit1 unless x is accompani$ by ! ,jack4 ,all su* leads are call$ =c$1 & are int5d$ to assi/ ! p>tn]1 by play+ c>ds :i* may /r5g!n him1 al?\gh ( no use to ! lead]4 ,! be/ c>d %\ld be l$ f any su* comb9ations z ! foll[+3-- ,illu/ration3 ,all ^! rules = lead+ apply equally to any position at ! table :5 a play] op5s 8 own suit = ! fir/ "t4 ,rules = ,lead+ ,second ,r\nd4 ,on ! second r\nd ( any suit1 ! play] hold+ ! be/ c>d %\ld play x2 or hav+ sev]al equally ! be/1 "o ( !m4 ,if he is ,f\r? ,h&1 he may be able to w9 ! trick m *eaply4 ,if ! orig9al lead] has sev]al c>ds1 equally ! be/1 su* z ,a ,q ,j rema9+ aft] hav+ l$ ! ,k+1 he %\ld cont9ue ) ! l[e/ c>d t w w9 ! trick4 ,?is %\ld be an indication to 8 p>tn] t ! c>d l$ is z good z ! be/1 & t !re=e ! lead] mu/ h ! int]m$iate c>ds4 ,foll[+ ,k+1 :i* has be5 l$ f ^! comb9ations3-- ,illu/ration3 ,lead+ ! ,jack on ! second r\nd w\ld %[ bo? ,ace & ,que5 rema9+4 ,lead+ ,que5 w\ld %[ ,ace1 b n ! ,jack4 ,lead+ ,ace w\ld %[ t ! lead] _h n ! ,que54 ,9 comb9ations :i* d n conta9 ! be/ c>d1 ! lead may be v>i$ 9 "s cases to %[ ! numb] rema9+ 9 ! lead]'s h&1 or to indicate c>ds n %[n by ! fir/ lead4 ,foll[+ ,k+1 :i* has be5 l$ f ^! comb9ations3-- ,illu/ration3 ,lead+ ! ,t5 on ! second r\nd w\ld %[ bo? ,que5 & ,jack rema9+4 ,lead+ ! ,jack w\ld %[ ! ,que52 b n ! t54 ,foll[+ ! ,jack1 l$ f ?is comb9ation3-- ,illu/ration3 ,lead+ ,k+ on ! second r\nd w\ld %[ five c>ds 9 ! suit orig9ally4 ,lead+ ! ,que5 w\ld %[ m ?an five4 ,foll[+ ! ,que51 l$ f ?is comb9ation3-- ,illu/ration3 ,lead+ ,jack on ! second r\nd %[s ! suit to h orig9ally conta9$ only f\r c>ds2 ! ,t5 w\ld %[ m ?an f\r4 ,foll[+ ! ,ace1 l$ f ^! comb9ations3-- ,illu/ration3 ,lead+ ! ,que5 %[s ! suit 0 %ort4 ,lead+ ! ,jack %[s t x conta9$ at lea/ five c>ds4 ,:5 a play] holds bo? ! second & ?ird-be/ ( a suit on ! second r\nd1 he %\ld always play "o ( !m1 :e!r he is ,fir/1 ,second1 or ,?ird ,h&4 ,?is protects him1 by =c+ ! comm& ( ! suit1 if x does n w9 ! trick4 ,hav+ l$ ! ,t5 f ,k ,j #aj x1 if ! ,ace or ,que5 w9s ! fir/ trick1 ! ,k %\ld be next l$4 ,hav+ l$ ! ,f\r f ,q ,j #f #d #b1 if ,ace or ,k+ falls to ! fir/ trick1 ! ,que5 %\ld be l$4 ,if ! ,jack1 ,que51 & ,ace fall to ! fir/ trick1 a play] hold+ bo? ,t5 & ,n9e %\ld lead ! ,t54 ,aft] lead+ high c>ds f "s comb9ations1 & w9n+ ! trick1 !y may no long] conta9 ei!r ! be/ or ! second & ?ird be/4 ,su* are ! foll[+3-- ,illu/ration3 ,! rule 9 all su* cases is to foll[ ) ! c>d ( uni=mity1 ! orig9al f\r?-be/4 ,if ! comb9ations are ^? f :i* ! f\r?-be/ _h be5 l$ orig9ally1 & ! lead] has nei!r ! be/1 nor bo? second & ?ird be/ to g on )1 he %\ld cont9ue ) ! l[e/ c>d 9 8 h&1 unless he _h six or m 9 suit2 9 :i* case he may g on ) ! rema9+ f\r?-be/4 ,,avoid ,,*ang+ ,,suits4 ,a play] hav+ once begun ) a suit1 ei!r = ! purpose ( e/abli%+ x1 or ( tak+ tricks 9 x1 %\ld n *ange x until he is =c$ to d s4 ,runn+ (f to untri$ suits is "o ( ! beg9n]'s wor/ faults4 ,!re are five good reasons = *ang+ suits1 & unless "o ( !m c be appli$1 ! suit %\ld be cont9u$3 #a/4 ,9 ord] to lead trumps to def5d x4 #bnd4 ,9 ord] to avoid =c+ p>tn]4 #crd4 ,9 ord] to avoid =c+ bo? adv]s>ies4 #d?4 ,because x is hopeless1 & !re is "s *ance 9 ano!r4 #e?4 ,to prev5t a cross ruff1 by lead+ trumps4 ,simple ,inf]5ces f ! fall ( ! c>ds usually supply ! be/ guide 9 ! matt] ( *ang+ suits4 ,if ! ,jack is l$ f ,k ,q ,j x x1 & w9s ! trick1 p>tn] may be cr$it$ ) ! ,ace2 & if ! orig9al lead] has f\r trumps1 & a c>d ( re-entry1 he %\ld quit 8 e/abli%$ suit1 & lead trumps to def5d x4 ,if ! ,k+ & ,ace h be5 l$ f ,a ,k x x1 p>tn] dropp+ ! ,que5 on ! second r\nd1 ! suit %\ld be *ang$1 unless ! orig9al lead] is /rong en\gh to risk weak5+ 8 p>tn] by =c+ him to trump ! ?ird r\nd4 ,f\r trumps are g5]ally consid]$ to be suffici5tly /rong to ju/ify a =ce 9 ?is position4 ,"s play]s w =ce1 ev5 ) a weak h&1 if ! two c>ds play$ by ! p>tn] are small1 & he has n avail$ himself ( an artifice kn[n z call+ = trumps1 :i* we %all consid] pres5tly4 ,if ! ,k+ & ,t5 h be5 l$ f ,k ,q ,j #aj1 & on ! second r\nd "o adv]s>y has dropp$ ! ,eight1 ! o!r ! ,n9e2 ! suit %\ld be *ang$1 z p>tn] mu/ h ! ,ace1 & nei!r ( ! adv]s>ies h any m4 ,to lead su* a suit aga9 is call$ =c+ bo? adv]s>ies2 z x all[s "o to make a small trump & ! o!r to get rid ( a los+ c>d4 ,if ! ,f\r has be5 l$ f ,j #h #f #d1 & ! adv]s>ies h won ! fir/ trick ) ! ,n9e or ,t51 ,a ,k ,q mu/ be aga9/ ! lead] & 8 p>tn]1 & ! suit %\ld be ab&on$ z hopeless1 unless x is feasible to =ce ! p>tn]4 ,if at any "t !re is a /rong indication t ! adv]s>ies w h a cross-ruff1 x is usually be/ to /op lead+ pla9 suits1 & attempt to get out ! trumps4 ,,! ,,lead]',s ,,p>tn]1 or ! ,?ird ,h&1 has sev]al conv5tional plays to rememb]2 ! mo/ important ( :i* are ! foll[+3 ,:5 ,p>tn] ,leads ,high ,c>ds1 ! ,?ird ,h& has usually little to d b to play 8 l[e/ ( ! suit4 ,! exceptions are3 ,if he holds ,a ,j alone1 on a ,k+ l$1 ! ,ace %\ld be play$4 ,if he holds ,a ,q alone on a ,t5 l$1 ! ,ace %\ld be play$4 ,) ,a ,q x1 ! ,t5 %\ld be pass$4 ,) ,ace & small c>ds1 ! ,ace %\ld be play$ on ! ,t54 ,) ,que5 & small c>ds ! ,t5 %\ld be pass$4 ,:5 ,?ird ,h& plays ,que5 on a ,t5 l$1 x %\ld be a c]ta9ty t he has no m ( ! suit4 ,if he holds ,a ,k & only "o small c>d1 ! ,k+ %\ld be play$ on a ,que5 l$4 ,if he holds ,ace & only "o small c>d1 ! ,ace %\ld be play$ on ! ,jack l$4 ,if ,?ird ,h& has f\r trumps & a c>d ( re-entry1 ! ,ace %\ld be play$ on ,jack l$1 reg>dless ( numb]1 9 old] to lead trumps at once1 to def5d ! suit4 ,:5 ,p>tn] ,leads ,l[ ,c>ds1 ! ,?ird ,h& %\ld d 8 be/ to secure ! trick4 ,if he has sev]al c>ds ( equal trick-tak+ value1 su* z ,a ,k ,q1 or ,k ,q ,j1 he %\ld w9 ! trick z *eaply z possible4 ,! only f9esse p]mitt$ to ! ,?ird ,h& 9 8 p>tn]'s suit1 is ! play ( ! ,que51 :5 he holds ,a ,q & o!rs2 ! odds be+ aga9/ ,f\r? ,h& hav+ ! ,k+4 ,fo/]'s ,elev5 ,rule4 ,by d$uct+ f elev5 ! numb] ( pips on any l[ c>d l$1 ! ,?ird ,h& may asc]ta9 h[ f> 8 p>tn]'s suit is f be+ e/abli%$4 ,= in/ance3 if ! c>d l$ is ! ,sev51 ,second ,h& play+ ! ,eight1 & ,?ird ,h& hold+ ,a ,j #f #c1 f :i* he plays ,ace1 ,f\r? ,h& play+ ! ,five2 ! only c>d aga9/ ! lead] mu/ be ! ,k+ or ,que52 he _c h bo?1 or he w\ld h l$ "o4 ,if ! ,second ,h& has n ! miss+ c>d1 he has no m ( ! suit4 ,! numb] ( inf]5ces :i* may be made 9 ?is mann] by obs]vant play]s is a/oni%+4 ,a great _m examples & ex]cises 9 !m are giv5 9 ,fo/]'s ,:i/ ,manual4 ,?ird ,h& hav+ ,none ( ! ,suit1 %\ld trump any?+ b an ,ace or a ,k+ on ! fir/ r\nd4 ,on ! second r\nd1 if !re is only "o c>d aga9/ ! lead]1 8 p>tn] %\ld pass ) f\r trumps1 & all[ ! suit to be e/abli%$4 ,= in/ance3 ,if ! leads h be5 ,ace1 !n ,jack1 ,?ird ,h& hold+ only "o ( ! suit2 he %\ld pass if ! ,second ,h& does n play ,k+4 ,?ird ,h& on ,/r5g!n+ ,c>ds4 ,unless ,?ird ,h& has bo? ,ace & ,k+ ( ! suit1 he %\ld pass any =c$ or /r5g!n+ lead :i* is n cov]$ by ! ,second ,h&4 ,?is obliges ! ,f\r? ,h& to op5 ano!r suit1 or to cont9ue at a disadvantage4 ,?ird ,h& w9n+ fir/ r\nd has ! *oice ( f\r l9es ( play3 #a/4 ,to lead trumps1 if he is /rong en\gh4 #bnd4 ,to return ! be/ c>d ( 8 p>tn]'s suit if he has x4 ,?is is imp]ative be=e op5+ any o!r suit b trumps4 #crd4 ,to lead 8 own suit1 if he c d any?+ ) x4 ,x is consid]$ bett] play = ! ,?ird ,h& to return ! orig9al lead]'s suit ?an to op5 a long weak suit ( 8 own su* z "o head$ by a s+le hon\r4 #d?4 ,to return 8 p>tn]'s suit ev5 ) a los+ c>d1 9 pref]5ce to *ang+4 ,:5 ! orig9al lead is a trump1 x %\ld be return$ 9 e case1 ei!r imm$iately1 or z soon z ! play] c obta9 ! lead4 ,! same reasons = *ang+ suits z ^? giv5 = ! orig9al lead] w apply to ! ,?ird ,h&4 ,,rules ,,= ,,return+ ,,p>tn]',s ,,suits4 ,:5 ! orig9al lead]'s suit is return$ by 8 p>tn]1 ei!r imm$iately or ^u 8 rega9+ ! lead1 x is usual to %[1 if possible1 h[ _m c>ds rema9 9 ! ,?ird ,h&1 s t by add+ !m to 8 own1 ! lead] may e/imate ! numb] held by 8 adv]s>ies4 ,?is consid]ation is second>y to ! return ( ! be/1 or "o ( ! second & ?ird be/2 b 9 ! abs5ce ( su* c>ds1 ! ,?ird ,h& %\ld always return ! high] ( only two rema9+1 & ! l[e/ ( ?ree or m1 reg>dless ( _! value4 ,9 addition to ! =ego+ conv5tionalities1 :i* are prop] to ! lead] ( a suit & 8 p>tn]1 !re are two usages :i* apply equally to any play] at ! table4 ,^! are disc>d+ & =c+4 ,disc>d+4 ,:5 a play] _c foll[ suit1 & does n wi% to trump1 8 safe/ play is to disc>d :atev] seems ( lea/ use to him4 ,x is n consid]$ good play to ungu>d a ,k+ or to leave an ,ace alone2 b ?is may be done if ! p>tn] is lead+ trumps1 & !re is a good e/abli%$ suit to keep4 ,beg9n]s %\ld be c>eful to pres]ve c>ds ( re-entry1 ev5 if !y h to disc>d f _! good suit 9 ord] to d s4 ,:5 ! adv]s>ies h %[n /r5g? 9 trumps1 or are lead+ !m1 !re is little use 9 keep+ a long suit toge!r4 ,x is mu* bett] to keep gu>d on ! suits 9 :i* !y are probably /rong1 lett+ y\r own & y\r p>tn]'s g4 ,a play] hav+ full comm& ( a suit1 may %[ x to 8 p>tn] by disc>d+ ! be/ c>d ( x4 ,disc>d+ ! second-be/ is an indication t ! play] has n ! be/2 & 9 g5]al1 ! disc>d ( any small c>d %[s weakness 9 t suit4 ,=c+4 ,we h already obs]v$ t a play] :o is weak himself %\ld n =ce 8 p>tn]4 ,an exception may be made 9 cases :]e he has %[n weakness1 or has _h a *ance to lead trumps & has n done s4 ,on ! contr>y1 an adv]s>y %\ld n be =c$ unless he has %[n /r5g?1 or ! play] =c+ him is weak4 ,! hope ( a play] ) a good suit is to def5d x by lead+ & exhau/+ ! trumps4 ,8 adv]s>y tries to keep 8 trumps 9 ord] to /op t suit2 at ! same "t =c+ ! /rong h&1 by lead+ c>ds :i* he mu/ trump1 hop+ t su* a =ce may s weak5 him t he w be unable to cont9ue ! trump lead4 ,x is usually v difficult to conv9ce ! beg9n] t ! weak] he is himself1 ! m reason he has = =c+ ! adv]s>ies to trump 8 good c>ds4 ,he is con/antly fall+ into ! error ( *ang+ f a good suit1 :i* ! adv]s>ies _c /op )\t trump+1 to a weak suit1 :i* all[s !m to get into ! lead )\t any wa/e ( trump /r5g?4 ,if an adv]s>y refuses to trump a suit1 x is imp]ative to keep on ) x until he does2 = x is always good play to =ce an adv]s>y to d :at he does n wi% to d4 ,any p]son may conv9ce himself ( ! s\ndness ( ?is !ory ( =c+1 by giv+ himself ! six highe/ c>ds 9 any suit1 ?ree small c>ds 9 ! o!rs1 & f\r trumps2 giv+ ano!r play] ! f\r be/ trumps1 & n9e ( ! highe/ c>ds 9 two suits4 ,if ! fir/ play] =ces ! second ) 8 good suit1 & cont9ues e "t he gets ! lead1 he mu/ w9 six tricks2 if he does n1 ! second play] makes a slam4 ,a delib]ate =ce f a p>tn] %\ld always be accept$1 if he is a good play]4 ,we may n[ turn our att5tion to ! conv5tionalities us$ by play]s :o are oppos$ to ! e/abli%m5t ( suits 9 ! h&s ( ! lead] & 8 p>tn]4 ,^! are divid$ betwe5 ! ,second & ! ,f\r? ,h&1 ! =m] be+ ! m important4 ,g5]ally speak+1 !y are ! tactics ( def5ce4 ,,second ,,h& ,,play4 ,! play] :o is second to play on any trick is call$ ! ,second ,h&4 ,x is 8 duty to protect himself & 8 p>tn]1 z f> z possible1 9 ! adv]s>ies' /rong suits4 ,! *ief po9t = ! beg9n] to obs]ve 9 ,second ,h& play1 is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! circum/ances requir+ him to play high c>ds1 & ^? 9 :i* he %\ld play l[ ones4 ,high ,c>ds ,l$4 ,:5 a c>d high] ?an a ,t5 is l$ on ! fir/ r\nd ( a suit1 ! ,second ,h& has usually no?+ to d b to play 8 l[e/ c>d1 & make :at inf]5ce he c z to ! probable di/ribution ( ! suit4 ,b if he holds ! ,ace1 or c>ds 9 sequ5ce ) x1 su* ,a ,k1 he %\ld cov] any c>d high] ?an a ,t54 ,if he holds ,k ,q he %\ld cov] a ,j1 #aj1 or #i l$2 b x is useless = him to cov] an hon\r ) a s+le hon\r1 unless x is ! ,ace4 ,l[ ,c>ds ,l$4 ,high c>ds are play$ by ! ,second ,h& :5 he has any comb9ation f :i* he w\ld h l$ a high "o if he _h op5$ ! suit4 ,! fact t a play] on 8 "r has already laid a small c>d ( ! suit on ! table %\ld n prev5t ! ,second ,h& f mak+ ! be/ use ( any comb9ations he may hold4 ,! only diff]5ce betwe5 lead+ f su* comb9ations1 & play+ !m ,second ,h&1 is t 9 ! latt] case no attempt is made to indicate to ! p>tn] ! exact nature ( ! comb9ation held4 ,! g5]al rule is to w9 ! trick z *eaply z possible1 by play+ ! l[e/ ( ! high c>ds :i* =m ! comb9ation f :i* a high c>d w\ld be l$4 ,su* are ! foll[+3-- ,illu/ration3 ,! beg9n] mu/ be c>eful ) ^!3-- ,illu/ration3 ,! comb9ation :i* makes ! fir/ ( ^! a high-c>d lead is ! ,a ,k1 & ! ,k+ mu/ be play$ ,second ,h&4 ,! ,jack has no?+ to d ) x4 ,9 ! second1 ! ,t5 does n =m any "p ( ! comb9ation1 & ! ,que5 is ! c>d to play ,second ,h&4 ,"s play]s w n play a high c>d second h& ) ,k ,q x x unless weak 9 trumps4 ,an exception is g5]ally made ) ^! comb9ations1 f :i* ! prop] lead is ! ,ace4 ,illu/ration3 ,_m w n play ,ace ,second ,h& 9 any case1 & w play ! ,que5 ) ! fir/ comb9ation only :5 !y are weak 9 trumps4 ,! reason = ?is exception is ! importance ( reta9+ comm& ( ! adv]se suit z long z possible4 ,on ! ,second ,r\nd1 ! ,second ,h& %\ld foll[ ! usual rule = play+ ! be/ ( ! suit if he holds x2 or "o ( ! second & ?ird be/1 if he holds !m4 ,he %\ld also be c>eful to e/imate1 by ! elev5 rule1 h[ _m c>ds are out aga9/ ! lead]1 :i* w sometimes guide him to a good f9esse4 ,= in/ance3 fir/ play] leads ,ace1 !n ,eight4 ,if ! ,second ,h& holds ,k ,j #i #b1 in/ead ( play+ ! be/ c>d to ! second r\nd1 :i* w\ld be ,k+1 he %\ld f9esse ! ,n9e4 ,) ,%ort ,suits4 ,:5 ,second ,h& holds su* %ort-suit comb9ations z3-- ,illu/ration3 & a small c>d is l$1 8 prop] play is "o ( ! high c>ds1 because he _c save bo? ( !m4 ,on ,/r5g!n+ ,c>ds ,l$4 ,?is is a difficult po9t = ! beg9n]1 & 8 be/ plan is to foll[ ! rules already giv5 = cov]+ c>ds high] ?an ! ,t54 ,"o ( ! mo/ common errors is to cov] a ,jack l$ ) a ,que51 :5 hold+ ,a ,q & o!rs4 ,! ,ace %\ld be put on inv>iably4 ,to play ! ,que5 9 su* a position is call$ f9ess+ aga9/ y\rself4 ,s+ly ,gu>d$ ,hon\rs4 ,_m play]s put on ! ,k+ ,second ,h&1 if !y hold only "o small c>d ) x1 & a small c>d is l$4 ,?is w w9 ! trick z (t5 z x w lose x2 b x betrays ! h& to ! adv]s>y1 & enables him to f9esse deeply if ! suit is return$4 ,x may be done 9 ord] to get ! lead1 & 9 trumps ! practice is v common1 & g5]ally "r4 ,) ,que5 & only "o small c>d1 x c be demon/rat$ t x is useless to play ! ,que5 ,second ,h&1 except z an exp]im5t1 or to get ! lead 9 desp]ate cases4 ,) any comb9ation weak] ?an ,j #aj x1 x is useless to attempt to w9 ! trick ,second ,h&1 & only makes x difficult = ! p>tn] to place ! c>ds correctly4 ,! ,f\r*ette4 ,:5 ! ,second ,h& has c>ds imm$iately above & bel[ ! "o l$1 he %\ld cov]4 ,! beg9n] may h "s difficulty 9 recognis+ ! fact t he holds f\r*ette if ! suit has be5 r\nd once or twice1 & ! int]m$iate c>ds h be5 play$4 ,su* c>ds z a ,que5 & a ,sev5 may be f\r*ette ov] a ,n9e1 if ,jack1 ,t5 & ,eight h be5 play$4 ,second ,h& ,hav+ ,none ( ! suit l$1 on ei!r fir/ or second r\nd1 mu/ decide :e!r or n to trump x4 ,if ! c>d l$ is ! be/ ( ! suit1 he %\ld c]ta9ly d s2 b if x is n1 & !re is any unc]ta9ty z to :o w w9 ! trick1 x is usual = ! ,second ,h& to pass :5 he has f\r trumps4 ,) five trumps1 !re %\ld be "s good reason = keep+ ! trumps toge!r1 z a play] ) s _m c usually af=d to trump4 ,if he does n trump1 8 play comes "u ! rules = disc>d+4 ,,f\r?-,,h& ,,play4 ,! ,f\r? ,h& is ! la/ play] 9 any trick4 ,he is ! p>tn] ( ! ,second ,h&1 b has n s _m opportunities = ! ex]cise ( judgm5t1 8 duties be+ simply to w9 tricks if he c1 & z *eaply z possible4 ,if he _c w9 ! trick1 he %\ld play 8 l[e/ c>d4 ,a bad habit ( ,f\r?-,h& play]s is hold+ up ! t5ace ,a ,j :5 a ,k+ or ,que5 is l$ orig9ally4 ,?is is call$ ! ,ba? ,c\p1 & ! suit mu/ g r\nd ?ree times = x to succe$ 9 mak+ two tricks4 ,! hold] ( ! t5ace %\ld equally make two tricks by play+ ! ,ace at once1 provid$ he does n lead ! suit back4 ,! ,turn-up ,trump4 ,:5 trumps are l$ by ! adv]s>ies1 x is a common practice to play ! turn-up z soon z possible1 unless x is a valuable c>d4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is usual to keep x z long z possible :5 ! p>tn] leads trumps4 ,*ang+ ,suits4 ,if ! ,second or ,f\r? ,h& w9s ! fir/ or second r\nd ( ! adv]s>ies' suit1 x is seldom "r to return x1 z t w\ld probably be play+ _! game4 ,! play] %\ld op5 8 own suit1 z if he 7 ! orig9al lead]4 ,if he is /rong en\gh to lead trumps "u ord9>y circum/ances1 he may be det]r$ f s do+ if ! adv]s>ies h decl>$ a /rong suit aga9/ him4 ,! same consid]ation may prev5t 8 lead+ trumps 9 ! hope ( mak+ a suit ( 8 own1 z ! adv]s>ies might reap ! b5efit by br++ 9 _! suit in/ead4 ,on ! contr>y1 :5 ! ,second or ,f\r? ,h& holds comm& ( ! adv]se suit1 !y may (t5 risk a trump lead :i* w\ld o!rwise be injudici\s4 ,hav+ once />t$ a suit1 x %\ld n be *ang$1 except = "o ( ! reasons already giv5 = ! guidance ( ! ,fir/ ,h&4 ,:5 ! ,adv]s>ies ,lead ,trumps1 & ! ,second ,h& has a *ance ei!r to e/abli% a suit aga9/ !m or to =ce 8 p>tn]1 he %\ld /op ! trump lead if he c4 ,if 8 p>tn] has l$ trumps1 ! ,second ,h& %\ld g5]ally play 8 w9n+ c>ds on 8 "r h& oppon5t's pla9-suit leads1 to /op !m2 & cont9ue ! trumps4 ,^! are ab\t all ! conv5tionalities necess>y = ! beg9n]4 ,aft] at lea/ a ye>'s practice ) !m1 he w ei!r discov] t he has no aptitude = ! game1 or w be ready to g into fur!r details4 ,a beg9n] :o attempts to h&le ! weapons ( ! exp]t simply plays ) edg$ tools1 :i* w probably cut no "o b himself & 8 p>tn]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,signal ,,game4 ,hav+ become ?or\ghly famili> ) ! elem5t>y conv5tionalities ( ! game1 s t !y c be us$ )\t ! slighte/ hesitation at ! :i/ table1 ! play] may proce$ to acqua9t himself ) ! details ( :at is commonly kn[n z ! ,signal ,game1 :i* comprises all ! v>i\s me?ods ( signall+ up h&s betwe5 p>tn]s1 accord+ to c]ta9 arbitr>y & pre-arrang$ sy/ems ( play4 ,_m play]s object to ^! me?ods z unfair2 b !y are n[ too deeply root$ to yield to prote/2 & ! be/ ?+ = a play] to d is to famili>ise himself ) 8 adv]s>ies' weapons4 ,! ,trump ,signal4 ,a play] anxi\s to h trumps l$1 b :o has no imm$iate prospect ( ! lead1 may call on 8 p>tn] to lead trumps at ! fir/ opportunity1 by play+ any two c>ds ( a suit l$1 ! high] be=e ! l[]4 ,let u suppose him to hold five good trumps1 ) ! ,six & ,two ( a suit ( :i* 8 p>tn] leads ,k+1 !n ,jack4 ,by play+ fir/ ! ,six1 & !n ! ,two1 he calls ^u 8 p>tn] to quit ! suit1 & lead a trump4 ,among "s play]s1 ! lead ( a /r5g!n+ c>d :5 an hon\r is turn$1 is a call = trumps to be l$ ?r\gh t hon\r at ! fir/ opportunity1 b x is n good play4 ,pass+ a c]ta9 w9n+ c>d is reg>d$ by mo/ play]s z an imp]ative call = trumps4 ,! disc>d ( any c>d high] ?an a ,sev5 is kn[n z a s+le-c>d-call4 ,ev5 if x 0 n s int5d$1 x is assum$ t a trump lead _c injure a play] ) no?+ small] ?an a ,n9e 9 8 h&4 ,answ]+ ,trump ,signals4 ,9 response to p>tn]'s call1 a play] %\ld lead ! be/ trump if he holds x2 "o ( ! second & ?ird be/ if he holds !m2 ! highe/ ( ?ree or less2 ! l[e/ ( f\r2 & ! f\r?-be/ ( m ?an f\r4 ,hold+ any ( ! regul> high-c>d comb9ations 9 trumps1 he %\ld lead !m 9 ! regul> way 9 answ] to a call4 ,aft] a ,=ce4 ,if ! play] is =c$ be=e he c answ] ! call1 he may indicate ! numb] ( trumps orig9ally held by play+ !m 9 ?is mann]3-- ,) #c or less2 trump+ ) ! l[e/2 lead+ ! highe/4 ,) #d exactly2 trump+ ) ! #crd-be/2 lead+ ! highe/4 ,) #e or m2 trump+ ) ! #crd-be/2 lead+ ! #d?-be/4 ,^! me?ods ( tak+ ! =ce mu/ n be c>ri$ to extremes4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] hold+ ,k ,j #aj #b1 w\ld h>dly be ju/ifi$ 9 trump+ ) ! #aj to %[ numb]4 ,"s exp]ts1 hold+ ! be/ trump ) at lea/ f\r o!rs1 w n lead x2 pref]r+ to %[ numb] fir/1 by lead+ ! f\r?-be/4 ,o!rs1 hold+ f\r1 lead ! l[e/ aft] trump+ ) ! ?ird-be/4 ,! ,e*o 9 ,trumps4 ,:5 ! p>tn] leads high trumps1 ! ,?ird ,h& %\ld e*o ) f\r or m1 by signall+ 9 ! trump suit4 ,! univ]sal =m ( ! e*o is to play fir/ ! ?ird-be/1 !n ! f\r?-be/4 ,:5 a play] has call$1 & 8 p>tn] leads1 x is unnecess>y = ! call] to e*o4 ,play]s seldom e*o on adv]se trump leads1 ev5 ) five trumps4 ,! ,f\r-,signal4 ,!re are sev]al ways ( %[+ f\r or m trumps )\t ask+ p>tn] to lead !m4 ,among "s play]s ! orig9al lead ( a /r5g!n+ c>d is an evid5ce ( f\r trumps1 & is call$ an ,albany ,lead4 ,a play] hold+ ?ree c>ds ( any pla9 suit1 su* z ! #c1 #d1 #e1 may %[ ! numb] ( 8 trumps by play+ ^! small c>ds z foll[s3-- ,no ( trumps4 #a/ trick4 #bnd trick4 #crd trick4 #c or less #c #d #e #d exactly #d #e #c #e 0 #d #c #e #f 0 #e #c #d #g or m #e #d #c ,! second ( ^! is ! f\r-signal2 ! la/ ?ree are trump signals4 ,!y are us$ only 9 foll[+ suit4 ,! f\r-signal is sometimes us$ 9 ! trump suit z a ,sub-e*o1 to %[ ?ree trumps exactly4 ,ap>t f signall+1 trump /r5g? may (t5 be inf]r$1 especially f play]'s pass+ d\btful tricks1 =c+ _! p>tn]s1 etc4 ,trump ,suit ,leads4 ,:5 trumps are n l$ = ! purpose ( exhau/+ !m imm$iately1 b simply z ! longe/ suit1 ! f\r?-be/ may be l$ f ! foll[+3-- ,illu/ration3 ,if ! ,t5 accompanies ! ,k+ & ,que51 9 ! ?ird comb9ation1 x is be/ to adh]e to ! usual lead ( ! ,k+4 ,9 lead+ trumps f comb9ations conta9+ a w9n+ sequ5ce1 su* z ! foll[+3-- ,illu/ration3 _m play]s beg9 ) ! l[e/ ( ! w9n+ c>ds1 cont9u+ ) ! next above x4 ,speculative ,trump ,leads4 ,! :i/ play] w (t5 f9d himself ) a s+le good suit1 a c>d ( re-entry1 & few trumps4 ,c]ta9 conditions ( ! score may prompt him to make a speculative trump lead f su* a h&4 ,if 8 trumps are high1 su* z ,a ,k x1 he may safely beg9 by lead+ !m2 b if !y are weak1 & he is dep5d+ l>gely on 8 p>tn]'s possible /r5g?1 he %\ld %[ 8 suit fir/ by lead+ x once4 ,ov]-trump+ is g5]ally reg>d$ z bad policy :5 a play] has a good suit1 & suffici5t trump /r5g? to ju/ify him 9 hop+ to d some?+ ) x4 ,! refusal to ov]-trump1 unless ! trump play$ is a high "o1 %\ld be reg>d$ by ! p>tn] z a call4 ,x is sometimes necess>y to ov]-trump p>tn] 9 ord] to get ! lead4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] holds ! two be/ trumps1 & all w9n+ c>ds ( a pla9 suit1 :ile ! play] on 8 "r has a los+ trump4 ,9 su* a position ! play] ) ! two be/ trumps %\ld trump any w9n+ c>d 8 p>tn] leads1 or ov] trump him if he trumps1 s z to prev5t ! adv]s>y f mak+ t los+ trump4 ,"u-trump+1 or ! ,gr& ,c\p1 is play+ a l[ trump on a trick t p>tn] has already trump$ ) a high]1 9 ord] to avoid ! lead4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] holds major t5ace 9 trumps ) a small "o1 & kn[s t ! m9or t5ace is on 8 "r4 ,f\r c>ds rema9 9 ea* h&4 ,! play] on ! left leads2 ,second ,h& trumps2 ,?ird ,h& foll[s suit4 ,if ! ,f\r? ,h& keeps 8 ?ree trumps1 he mu/ w9 ! next trick1 & lose ! advantage ( 8 t5ace4 ,a play] w sometimes h ! be/ c>d 9 two suits1 & a small trump1 & w "k t ! two be/ trumps & an unkn[n c>d are on 8 "r4 ,if ! miss+ suit is l$1 & ! play] on ! "r trumps1 8 unkn[n c>d mu/ be "o ( ! two o!r suits1 & ! play] ) ! comm& ( !m %\ld keep bo?1 & ?r[ away 8 small trump4 ,! disc>ds on ! next trick may enable him to det]m9e ! suit ( ! los+ c>d on 8 "r4 ,! ,la/ ,trump4 ,if two play]s h an equal numb] ( trumps1 ea* ( !m hav+ an e/abli%$ suit1 x w be ! object ( bo? to rema9 ) ! la/ trump1 :i* mu/ br+ 9 ! suit4 ,! tactics ( ea* w be to w9 ! ?ird r\nd ( trumps2 & !n1 if ! be/ trump is aga9/ him1 to =ce x out ) ! e/abli%$ suit1 com+ into ! lead aga9 ) ! la/ trump4 ,s (t5 is x important to w9 ! ?ird r\nd ( trumps t few good play]s w w9 ! second r\nd1 unless !y c w9 ! ?ird also4 ,) an e/abli%$ suit1 a c>d ( re-entry1 & f\r trumps ,k+ high1 a play] %\ld lead trumps2 b if 8 p>tn] w9s ! fir/ r\nd & returns a small trump1 ! ,k+ %\ld n be put on1 no matt] :at ,second ,h& plays1 unless ! c>d next bel[ ! ,k+ is f\r*ette4 ,"s ( ! mo/ brilliant end+s 9 :i/ are skirmi%es = ! possession ( ! la/ trump2 ! play] :o is at a disadvantage (t5 p]si/5tly refuses ! fatal =ce1 hop+ ! lead] w be compell$ to *ange 8 suit1 or w lose ! lead4 ,draw+ ! ,los+ ,trump4 ,x is usually be/ to draw los+ trumps f ! adv]s>ies1 unless a play] c =esee t he may want ! be/ to /op a /rong adv]se suit4 ,a ,?irte5? ,c>d1 play$ by ! p>tn]1 is usually consid]$ an invitation to put on ! be/ trump4 ,! ,second ,h& %\ld n trump a ?irte5? c>d unless he is weak 9 trumps4 ,,am]ican ,,leads4 ,advanc$ play]s1 :o h _h s mu* practice t !y c inf] ! probable position ( ! c>ds )\t devot+ _! entire att5tion to x1 h adopt$ a new sy/em ( lead+ f ! f\r comb9ations foll[+1 9 ord] to %[ ! numb] ( small c>ds 9 ! suit3-- ,illu/ration3 ,f ^! ! ,k+ is nev] l$ if !re are m ?an f\r c>ds 9 ! suit4 ,hav+ m ?an f\r1 ! l[e/ ( ! sequ5ce ( high c>ds is l$4 ,f ! fir/ ?is w\ld be ! ,jack2 f ! second ! ,que52 f ! ?ird ! ,ace1 7because ! ,k+ is b>r$27 & f ! f\r? ! ,que54 ,! ,t5 is n rank$ among ! high c>ds 9 ,am]ican ,leads4 ,on ! second r\nd1 ) ! fir/ two comb9ations1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 a suit ( five or "o ( six c>ds may be indicat$ by foll[+ ) ! ,ace if five 7 held orig9ally2 ! ,k+1 if m ?an five4 ,sev5 c>ds may be %[n ) ! fir/ comb9ation1 by lead+ ! ,que5 on ! second r\nd4 ,! *ief diff]5ce ^! leads make 9 ! play ( ! ,?ird ,h& is t he %\ld n trump any c\rt c>d l$1 ev5 if weak 9 trumps4 ,! misund]/&+ z to ! mean+ ( ! fir/ lead1 especially if x is a ,que51 (t5 occasions confusion & loss2 b ?is is claim$ to be (fset by ! value ( ! in=mation giv54 ,"s lead #aj f ,q ,j #aj2 #d?-be/ f ,k ,j #aj4 ,to ! adv]s>ies ^! leads are (t5 ( value1 z !y are frequ5tly enabl$ to place ! c>ds v accurately f ! in=mation giv5 by ! lead itself1 reg>dless ( ! fall ( ! c>ds f ! o!r h&s4 ,= in/ance3 ,second ,h& holds ,a ,j ( a suit 9 :i* ,k+ is l$2 ,?ird ,h& plays ! ,f\r2 ,f\r? ,h& plays ! ,n9e4 ,! lead] rema9s ) ,q #c #b2 ,?ird ,h& /ill has #h #g #f #e2 & if he has also ! #aj1 ,f\r? ,h& has no m4 ,aga93 ,! lead] %[s a suit ( six2 ,second ,h& hold+ two only4 ,if ! suit is l$ a ?ird "t x is a d\btful trick1 & ) f\r trumps ! ,second ,h& %\ld pass4 ,if ! lead] %[s ! exact numb] ( ! suit orig9ally l$1 & !n *anges to a f\r-c>d suit1 ! adv]s>ies "k at lea/ n9e ( 8 c>ds4 ,s obvi\s is ?is t x is an almo/ inv>iable rule = a play]1 on quitt+ 8 suit1 to conceal ! l5g? ( ! second suit l$ by lead+ ! highe/ c>d ( a %ort suit4 ,if x 7 all[able to ex]cise "s judgm5t 9 us+ ^! leads1 !y might n be op5 to s _m objections2 b !y are worse ?an useless unless ! p>tn] c dep5d on _! be+ uni=mly adopt$4 ,! ,m9neapolis ,lead4 ,?is is ano!r v>iation 9 ! leads1 :i* is conf9$ to "o comb9ation2 t ( ,ace & any f\r o!r c>ds1 n includ+ ! ,k+4 ,) /r5g? 9 trumps ! f\r?-be/ is l$ in/ead ( ! ,ace1 ! !ory be+ t ! ,ace is m likely to be valuable on ! second or ?ird r\nd ( su* a suit ?an on ! fir/1 & t ! trump /r5g? ju/ifies ! f9esse ( ! orig9al lead4 ,) weak trumps ! ,ace is l$4 ,"s play]s ext5d ?is pr9ciple to ! ,second ,h&1 & play ,ace on a small c>d l$1 :5 hold+ ,a x x x x ) weak trumps4 ,?is is op5 to ! objection t x gives up comm& ( ! adv]se suit too e>ly 9 ! h&2 b x saves _m a trick4 ,! ,pla9-suit ,e*o4 ,?is is ano!r device = giv+ in=mation z to numb]4 ,:5 ! orig9al lead] beg9s ) a high c>d1 ! ,?ird ,h& %\ld play 8 ?ird-be/ if he holds f\r or m2 & on ! second r\nd 8 second be/1 always reta9+ 8 f\r?-be/ & any bel[ x4 ,! value ( ?is e*o is mu* disput$1 & ! adv]s>ies c usually r5d] x ineffective by hold+ up small c>ds2 a practice v mu* 9 vogue ) advanc$ play]s4 ,l['s ,signal4 ,?is is ! late/ sy/em ( indicat+ to ! lead] ! numb] ( c>ds 9 8 suit held by ! ,?ird ,h&4 ,) f\r or m ( ! suit1 ! ?ird-be/ is play$ to ! lead ( a high c>d1 or :5 no attempt is made to w9 ! trick4 ,9 reta9+ ! suit1 ! second-be/ is l$ if ?ree or m rema91 & on ! ?ird r\nd1 or 9 a disc>d1 ! highe/ is play$1 always reta9+ ! f\r?-be/ & ^? bel[ x4 ,= in/ance3 ,) ! #h #g #e #b ( a suit :i* p>tn] leads1 ! #e is play$ to ! fir/ r\nd4 ,if ! suit is return$1 ! #g is play$2 & next "t ! #h4 ,hold+ only ?ree orig9ally1 ! l[e/ is play$ to ! fir/ r\nd1 & ! high] ( two return$1 9 ! usual way4 ,! *ief value ( ?is signal is t ! return ( ! l[e/ ( a suit %[s absolutely no m1 in/ead ( leav+ ! orig9al lead] 9 d\bt z to :e!r x is ! only "o1 or ! l[e/ ( ?ree rema9+4 ,x is also a great expos] ( false c>ds4 ,disc>d ,signall+ is ano!r me?od ( indicat+ pla9 suits4 ,:5 a play] is kn[n to h no trumps1 & !re=e _c be call+ = !m1 he may use ! trump signal 9 any pla9 suit :i* he wi%es l$ to him4 ,z a g5]al rule1 a play] %\ld n use ?is signal unless he has a c]ta9 trick 9 ! suit 9 :i* he signals4 ,"s play]s use :at is call$ ! rev]se disc>d2 a signal 9 "o suit mean+ weakness 9 x1 & an invitation to lead ano!r4 ,?is avoids ! necessity = us+ ! good suit = signall+ purposes4 ,unblock+4 ,:5 ! orig9al lead] %[s a suit ( five c>ds1 & ! ,?ird ,h& has f\r exactly1 ! latt] %\ld keep 8 l[e/ c>d1 n = ! purpose ( e*o+1 b 9 ord] to reta9 a small c>d :i* w n block ! hold] ( ! long] suit4 ,if ! ,?ird ,h& has ?ree c>ds ( ! suit l$1 & among !m a c>d :i* may block 8 p>tn]1 he %\ld give x up on ! second r\nd4 ,= in/ance3 ,hold+ ,k #d #c1 & p>tn] %[+ a five-c>d suit by lead+ ,ace !n ,jack1 ,?ird ,h& %\ld give up ! ,k+ on ! second r\nd4 ,aga93 ,hold+ ,q #i #c1 p>tn] lead+ ,ace !n ,eight2 ,second ,h& play+ ,k+ second r\nd1 ,?ird ,h& %\ld give up ! ,que54 ,aga93 ,hold+ ,k ,q1 p>tn] lead+ ! #h orig9ally1 won by ,f\r? ,h& ) ,ace2 ! ,k+ %\ld be disc>d$ or o!rwise got rid ( at ! fir/ opportunity4 ,%ort-suit ,leads4 ,_m play]s w n lead a long weak suit unless !y h suffici5t /r5g? to ju/ify !m 9 hop+ to e/abli%1 def5d1 & br+ x 91 ) reasonable support f ! p>tn]4 ,) a long suit1 head$ by a s+le hon\r1 weak trumps1 & no c>ds ( re-entry1 !y pref] select+ a /r5g!n+ c>d = ! orig9al lead1 hop+ x may be ( "s assi/ance to p>tn] by af=d+ a successful f9esse4 ,x is claim$ t x is bett] = a p]son1 especially ) a /rong h&1 to play ) ! k t 8 p>tn] is weak1 ?an "u ! impression t he may be /rong4 ,su* an op5+ lead %\ld w>n ! ,?ird ,h& to f9esse deeply1 to hold any t5aces he may h1 & to let no?+ pass him :i* might be too mu* = 8 weak p>tn] to att5d to4 ,?is is a v difficult game to play well1 & is seldom resort$ to except by ! mo/ exp]t4 ,des*apelles ,c\ps4 ,x (t5 happ5s t aft] ! adv]se trumps are exhau/$1 a play] w f9d himself ) ! lead1 b unable to give 8 p>tn] a c>d ( 8 e/abli%$ suit4 ,9 su* cases ! be/ c\rse is to sacrifice ! ,k+ or ,que5 ( any suit ( :i* he has n ! ,ace1 9 ! hope t x may =ce ! be/ ( ! suit1 & leave p>tn] ) a c>d ( re-entry4 ,= in/ance3 ,! lead] has e/abli%$ ! ,club suit2 8 p>tn] has exhau/$ ! trumps1 ,he>ts2 & hav+ no ,clubs1 leads ! ,k+ ( ,spades f ,k x x x4 ,if ! hold] ( ! ,club suit has ,spade ,que51 & ! ,k+ =ces ! ,ace1 ! ,club suit w be br\ght 94 ,if he has n ! ,que51 ! ,clubs are probably hopeless4 ,! c\p risks a trick to ga9 sev]al4 ,play]s %\ld be c>eful n to fall into ?is trap 9 ! end-game2 & x is g5]ally "r to hold up ! ,ace if ! circum/ances are at all suspici\s4 ,t5ace ,positions4 ,_m exp]t play]s w n lead away f a suit 9 :i* !y hold t5ace4 ,hav+ two suits1 "o conta9+ a t5ace1 & ! o!r )\t x1 !y w select ! latt]1 al?\gh x may be mu* weak]4 ,x is notewor?y t play]s :o disreg>d ! value ( hold+ a t5ace 9 ! op5+ lead1 are well aw>e ( its importance t[>d ! end ( ! h&4 ,:5 "o play] holds t5ace ov] ano!r1 ! end game (t5 becomes a /ruggle to place ! lead2 & play]s frequ5tly refuse to w9 tricks 9 ord] to avoid lead+ away f t5aces1 or to compel ano!r play] to lead up to !m4 ,und]play is (t5 resort$ to by ! ,f\r? ,h& 9 suits 9 :i* ! ,?ird ,h& has %[n weakness4 ,= in/ance3 ,a small c>d is l$2 ,?ird ,h& play+ ! ,t51 & ,f\r? ,h& hold+ ,a ,q ,j x4 ,x is a common artifice to w9 ) ! ,que51 & return ! small c>d4 ,:5 ! orig9al lead] is und]play$ 9 8 own suit1 he %\ld inv>iably put up 8 be/ c>d4 ,f9ess+4 ,! exp]t may f9esse mu* m freely ?an ! beg9n]4 ,hav+ l$ f su* a suit z ,k ,j x x & p>tn] hav+ won ) ,ace & return$ a small c>d1 ! ,jack may be f9ess$ ) /rong trumps4 ,if ! adv]s>ies lead trumps1 & ! ,ace w9s ! fir/ r\nd1 a play] hold+ ! ,k+ second h& on ! return1 may f9esse by hold+ x up1 tru/+ 8 p>tn] = ! trick4 ,9 all cases t m>k ! be/ ( ! suit aga9/ a play]1 & on 8 left1 he may f9esse aga9/ ! ?ird be/ be+ !re also4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] leads f ,k #aj x x x4 ,?ird ,h& plays ,que5 & returns a small c>d4 ,! ,t5 %\ld be f9ess$1 reg>dless ( trump /r5g?1 z ! ,ace mu/ be on ! left1 & ! f9esse is aga9/ ! ,jack be+ !re also4 ,_m v>ieties ( ?is f9esse occur4 ,plac+ ! ,lead4 ,?is is usually a feature ( ! end-game ,a play] may h an e/abli%$ suit1 8 adv]s>y be+ ! only p]son ) any small c>ds ( x4 ,if ! lead c be plac$ 9 ! h& ( ?is adv]s>y1 he mu/ ev5tually lead ! los+ c>ds4 ,a play] beg9s ) a weak suit ( f\r c>ds1 on ! fir/ r\nd ( :i* x is evid5t t 8 p>tn] has no m1 ! adv]s>ies hav+ all ! high c>ds4 ,! suit is n play$ aga91 & = ! la/ six tricks ! orig9al lead] f9ds himself ) ?ree c>ds ( x1 & ! ,q x x ( ano!r suit4 ,if ! adv]s>ies play ,k+ & ,ace ( ! latt] suit1 ! ,que5 %\ld be giv5 up1 tru/+ p>tn] = ! ,jack1 = ! ,que5 w =ce ! hold] ( ! ?ree los+ c>ds into ! lead4 ,x is sometimes necess>y to ?r[ away an ,ace 9 ord] to avoid ! lead at critical /ages ( ! end-game4 ,false ,c>ds4 ,x requires m ?an ord9>y skill to judge :5 a false c>d w d less h>m to ! p>tn] ?an to ! adv]s>ies4 ,!re are "s occasions = false-c>d play ab\t :i* !re is little "q4 ,hav+ a sequ5ce 9 ! adv]se suit1 ! ,second or ,f\r? ,h& may w9 ) ! highe/ c>d1 especially if ! int5tion is to lead trumps4 ,hold+ ,k ,q only1 ,second ,h& may play ! ,k+1 especially 9 trumps4 ,hold+ ,a ,k x1 ! ,f\r? ,h& %\ld play ,ace on a ,que5 l$ by an ,am]ican lead]4 ,) su* a suit z ,k ,j #aj x1 aft] trumps h be5 exhau/$1 ! ,t5 is n a safe lead2 ,jack or f\r?-be/ is bett]4 ,hold+ up ! small c>ds ( adv]se suits is a common /ratagem2 & x is legitimate to use any sy/em ( false-c>d+ 9 trumps if x w prev5t ! adv]s>ies :o h l$ !m f c\nt+ !m accurately4 ,play+ to ! ,score4 ,! play mu/ (t5 be v>i$ on acc\nt ( ! /ate ( ! score1 ei!r to save or w9 ! game 9 ! h&4 ,if ! adv]s>ies appe> to be v /rong1 & likely to g out on ! deal1 all conv5tionalities %\ld be disreg>d$ until ! game is sav$2 f9esses %\ld be refus$1 & w9n+ c>ds play$ ,second ,h& on ! fir/ r\nd4 ,if ! adv]s>ies are exhau/+ ! trumps1 x w (t5 be judici\s = a play] to make :at w9n+ c>ds he has1 reg>dless ( all rules = lead+1 especially if !y are suffici5t to save ! game4 ,x (t5 happ5s t ! same c>ds mu/ be play$ 9 diff]5t ways accord+ to ! /ate ( ! score1 & ! numb] ( tricks 9 front ( ! play]4 ,a simple example w be/ expla9 ?is4 ,he>ts are trumps2 y hold two small ones1 two bett] be+ out aga9/ y1 b :e!r 9 "o h& or n y _c tell4 ,y h also two w9n+ ,spades1 "o small] be+ /ill out4 ,! game is sev5-po9t :i/4 ,! importance ( play+ to ! score w be evid5t if y consid] y\r play 9 ea* ( ! foll[+ in/ances1 y\r score be+ giv5 fir/3 ,score #f to #f2 y h #e tricks 9 front ( y4 ,score #f to #f2 y h #d tricks 9 front ( y4 ,score #f to #e2 y h #d tricks 9 front ( y4 ,score #e to #d2 y h #e tricks 9 front ( y4 ,,inf]5ces4 ,! great /r5g? ( ! exp]t lies 9 8 ability to draw correct inf]5ces f ! fall ( ! c>ds1 & to adapt 8 play to ! circum/ances4 ,inf]5ces f ! v>i\s sy/ems ( leads & returns are too obvi\s to require fur!r notice2 b att5tion may be call$ to "s t are (t5 ov]look$1 ev5 by advanc$ play]s3 ,if a suit l$ is won by ,?ird ,h& ) ,k+ or ,ace2 & ! orig9al lead] w9s ! second r\nd ) ,k+ or ,ace1 ! adv]s>ies mu/ h ! ,que54 ,if ! ,?ird ,h& plays ,ace fir/ r\nd1 he has nei!r ,k+ nor ,que54 ,if he plays ,que5 on a ,t5 l$1 he has no m4 ,if he plays ,ace on a ,k+ l$1 he has ! ,jack alone1 or no m4 ,if ! ,second ,h& plays ,k+ fir/ r\nd on a small c>d l$1 he has ,ace also1 or no m4 ,if he plays ,ace "u ! same conditions1 he has no m4 ,see ,m9neapolis ,lead4 ,if a suit is l$1 & nei!r ,?ird nor ,f\r? ,h& has a c>d 9 x above a ,n9e1 ! orig9al lead] mu/ h ,a ,q #aj1 & ! second play] ,k ,j4 ,:5 nei!r ,?ird nor ,f\r? ,h& holds a c>d above ! ,t51 ! major & m9or t5aces are divid$ betwe5 ! lead] & ! ,second ,h&4 ,if x c be inf]r$ t ! lead] held five c>ds 9 ! suit orig9ally1 he holds ! m9or t5ace4 ,:5 a play]1 n an ,am]ican lead]1 beg9s ) a ,jack & w9s ! trick1 ! adv]s>ies may conclude t 8 p>tn] _h two small c>ds ) ! ,ace1 & _h n f\r trumps & ano!r w9n+ c>d4 ,:5 a good play] *anges 8 suit1 he kn[s t x w n g r\nd aga91 or t ! comm& is aga9/ him4 ,?is is (t5 a valuable h9t to ! adv]s>ies4 ,:5 he quits 8 orig9al suit & leads trumps1 )\t 8 p>tn] hav+ call$1 ! adv]s>ies may conclude t ! suit has be5 e/abli%$4 ,:5 a play] puts ,ace on 8 p>tn]'s ,jack l$1 & does n lead trumps1 ! adv]s>ies may c\nt on him = only "o small c>d ( ! suit l$4 ,:5 an adv]s>y f9esses freely1 he may be cr$it$ ) "s /r5g? 9 trumps4 ,:5 a play] *anges 8 suit1 ! adv]s>ies %\ld note c>efully ! fall ( ! c>ds 9 ! new suit4 ,z already obs]v$1 ! lead] almo/ inv>iably op5s ! new suit ) ! be/ he has4 ,suppose a play] to lead two w9n+ c>ds 9 "o suit1 & !n ! ,eight ( ano!r1 :i* ! ,second ,h& w9s ) ! ,t52 ,! f\r hon\rs 9 ! second suit mu/ be betwe5 ! ,second & ,f\r? ,h&s4 ,hav+ won ! fir/ or second r\nd ( ! adv]se suit1 & hav+ no good suit ( 8 own1 ! ,second or ,f\r? ,h& may be able to inf] a good suit ) 8 p>tn]1 by ! play4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] op5s ,clubs1 %[+ five1 8 p>tn] w9s second r\nd1 & op5s ! ,diamond suit ) ! ,jack1 on :i* ,second ,h& plays ,ace1 8 p>tn] dropp+ ! #i4 ,hav+ n[ ! lead1 & no good suit1 x is evid5t t ! play %\ld be cont9u$ on ! assumption t p>tn] is all ,spades & trumps4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,am]ican ,,game4 ,s9ce ! revolt aga9/ ! inv>iable op5+ f ! longe/ suit1 :i* 0 ! /yle ( game advocat$ by ! old s*ool ( ,pole & 8,cav5di%10 _m sy/ems h be5 tri$ out by ! v>i\s clubs t meet at our national t\rnam5ts4 ,e4,c4 ,h[ell 0 ! fir/ to attempt to set ! %ort-suit game 9 ord]1 b 8 me?ods h long s9ce be5 sup]s$$ by m ela/ic tactics4 ,! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( ! %ort-suit game1 z fir/ expla9$ to ! _w by ! ,new ,york ,sun1 is to use ! orig9al or op5+ lead to indicate ! g5]al "* ( ! h& r ?an any details ( ! individual suit4 ,9 ! long-suit game ! orig9al lead] is always assum+ t 8 p>tn] may h some?+ or o!r1 & play+ on t supposition4 ,! %ort-suit play] indicates ! sy/em ( play be/ adapt$ to 8 own h&1 )\t ! slighte/ reg>d to ! possibilities ( 8 p>tn]4 ,x is ! duty ( ! p>tn] to indicate 8 h& 9 turn1 & to %ape ! policy ( ! play on ! comb9$ indications ( ! two4 ,?is does n mean t ! play] %all always lead a %ort suit1 b t he %\ld comb9e ! be/ features ( bo? sy/ems1 )\t slavi% adh]5ce to ei!r4 ,?is idea has be5 br\ght to p]fection 9 practice by ! fam\s ,am]ican ,:i/ ,club ( ,bo/on1 & "u ! able lead]%ip ( its capta91 ,h>ry ,h4 ,w>d1 x has demon/rat$ t he c take any k9d ( a team & beat any ( ! old /yle long-suit play]s1 no matt] h[ skilful !y may be4 ,! foll[+ is a brief outl9e ( ! ,am]ican game1 z giv5 by ,capta9 ,w>d 9 ,:i/ = ,may1 #aijf3-- ,five-trump ,h&s4 ,) five trumps1 & ! suits split1 #c1 #c1 #b1 we always op5 a trump1 unless we h a t5ace ov] ! turn-up c>d4 ,f five trumps & a five-c>d pla9 suit1 we op5 ! suit if x is "o t w require "s help to e/abli%2 o!rwise ! trump4 ,f five trumps ) a f\r-c>d pla9 suit1 we op5 ! trump ) h&s ( mod]ate /r5g?2 o!rwise ! pla9 suit4 ,f\r-trump ,h&s4 ,f f\r-trump h&s we inv>iably op5 a suit ( five c>ds or m1 b pref] to avoid a f\r-c>d suit head$ by a s+le honor4 ,^! are ! suits 9 :i* ! be/ *ance = a s+le trick usually occurs :5 ! suit is l$ by "s "o else4 ,= example3 ,he>ts trumps3-- #h #g #f #c #i #h ,k #h #c #b ,k #d #b ,! be/ op5+ f su* a h& is ! club n9e4 ,:5 =c$ to op5 s+le-honor suits1 ! lead ( ! l[e/ c>d %[s an honor z good z ! ,que51 :ile ! lead ( an int]m$iate c>d d5ies su* an honor1 z 9 ! foll[+ examples3 he>ts trumps3-- #aj #h #c #b ,k #f ,q #g #f #d ,q #e #d ,f ?is we %\ld lead ! f\r ( diamonds2 b hold+ #aj #h #c #b ,k #f ,j #h #g #d ,q #e #d we %\ld lead ! sev5 ( diamonds4 ,f h&s conta9+ f\r trumps & ?ree ?ree-c>d suits1 we use our own judgm5t1 sometimes lead+ ! trump1 & sometimes a pla9 suit4 ,we pref] ! pla9 suit if x is a desirable "o to op51 su* z he>ts trumps3-- ,k #h #c #b ,j #aj #d ,a #aj #c #h #d #c ,f ?is we w\ld op5 ! ,jack ( clubs2 b f ,k #h #c #b ,j #c #b ,a #aj #c ,q #f #c we %\ld lead ! deuce ( trumps4 ,if 9 ?is h& ! club suit 7 ,q ,j #c1 ! ,que5 ( clubs w\ld be ! be/ op5+4 ,x may seem p>adoxical t a weak] h& %\ld call = a trump lead2 b ! op5+ is n an attack4 ,x is a move to await developm5ts4 ,?ree-trump ,h&s4 ,f h&s conta9+ ?ree trumps or less1 our op5+ leads v>y f ! ord9>y play]'s game m ?an 9 any o!r p>ticul>4 ,we always op5 a long suit f ?ree-trump h&s if ! suit is a good "o1 su* z ,a ,k & o!rs1 ,k ,q & o!rs1 or ev5 ,q ,j & o!rs4 ,b )\t su* /r5g? 9 ! long suit1 we let x sev]ely alone1 & develop ! h& ) a %ort-suit or 8gambit0 op5+4 ,) ?ree trumps & a five-c>d suit conta9+ two honors n 9 sequ5ce1 we /ill op5 ! long suit if we h a sure re-entry 9 ano!r suit4 ,?is1 = example1 he>ts trumps3-- ,k #f #b #h #f #b ,a ,q #f #d #c ,a #aj ,! trey ( diamonds is ! be/ op5+4 ,if !re 7 no re-entry1 su* z only #aj #b ( spades in/ead ( ,a #aj1 we %\ld op5 ! #aj ( spades4 ,al?\gh we op5 a great _m %ort suits1 we avoid weak ?ree-c>d suits except 9 r>e in/ances4 ,:ile our sy/em1 l all o!rs1 entails losses at times1 x seems to avoid _m ( ! pitfalls t confront ! play] :o always op5s 8 long suit1 reg>dless ( ! possibilities ( ev] br++ x 94 ,9 _m in/ances we f9d he places himself 9 ! wor/ possible position = any *ance to make ev5 "o trick 9 ! suit he op5s4 ,we admit t if a team adopts /raight ,am]ican leads1 x is mu* easi] = !m to c\nt ! p>tn]'s h& accurately2 b x seems to me t ?is advantage is m ?an ov]come by ! fact t 9 our op5+s we h a cle> idea z to ! g5]al "* ( ! p>tn]'s h& :ile !re is /ill "t to take advantage ( ! k4 ,9 ! long-suit game ?is elem5t is entirely want+4 ,,9 ,,conclusion4 ,! fir/-class :i/-play] is usually develop$ gradually4 ,if he possess ! faculty ( pay+ close att5tion to ! game :ile he is play+1 no?+ %\ld prev5t 8 rapid progress4 ,at fir/ he may c>e little or no?+ = 8book0 :i/1 b aft] "s exp]i5ce ) book play]s1 he is r 9 dang] ( runn+ to ! o!r extreme1 & putt+ m book into 8 game ?an x w c>ry4 ,hav+ pass$ t /age1 8 next /ep is usually to inv5t "s sy/em ( 8 own1 & to exp]im5t ) e h& he plays4 ,by degrees he f9ds t all special sy/ems ( play h "s s]i\s defects :i* ov]-balance _! advantages1 & ?is discov]y gradually br+s him back to fir/ pr9ciples4 ,if he gets s f> safely1 8 game = all future "t w probably be s\nd1 common-s5se :i/1 )\t any ,am]ican leads1 pla9-suit e*oes1 or f\r-signals1 & free f any attempts to take f\rte5 tricks ) ?irte5 c>ds4 ,:5 a :i/-play] rea*es t po9t1 he is probably z ne> ! fir/ class z ! natural limitations ( 8 m5tal abilities w ev] p]mit him to g4 ,,! ,,laws w be f\nd at ! end ( ! ,:i/ ,family ( ,games4 ,,illu/rative ,,:i/ ,,h&s4 ,a & ,b are p>tn]s aga9/ ,y & ,z4 ,a is always ! orig9al lead]1 & ,z is ! deal]4 ,! und]l9$ c>d w9s ! trick1 & ! c>d "u x is ! next "o l$4 ,no4 #a4 ,long ,suits2 ,t ,no4 #c4 ,%ort ,suits2 #e turn$4 ,r ,q turn$4 ,i -------------------------------- ,c-------------------------------- ,a ,y ,b ,z ,k ,a ,y ,b ,z ---------------------------------------- ------------------ ,k #e #g #c #a ,q ,k ,a #b #aj ,j ,q #e #b #b ,a ,j #e ,q ,j #b #aj #c #d #aj #c ,j #g #c #i #h #d #b #e #c ,q ,j #i #b #e #e #f ,a #d ,j ,a #d #f #e #f #h #b #c ,k #d ,k ,a #f #g #g #h #e #g ,j #g #b ,k #h ,k #d #f #i #b #c #d ,a #i ,k #g #f #h #i #f #c #h #aj ,q #d #e #aj #h #i #g #h #aa #i ,q #f #aj #f #aj ,k #aj #ab #h #i #g ,j #d ,q ,a ,q #ac #c ,a #aj #i ---------------------------------------- ------------------ -------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,no4 #b4 ,am]ican ,game2 ,t ,no4 #d4 ,play to ,score2 #h turn$4 ,r ,j turn$4 ,i -------------------------------- ,c-------------------------------- ,a ,y ,b ,z ,k ,a ,y ,b ,z ---------------------------------------- ------------------ #f ,j ,a #i #a ,k #d #c ,a #c #c #b #aj #b #c #i ,q #b #i ,k ,a #c #c #b #g #e #d #f #d #e #d #d #b ,k #f #c ,q #h #b #g #e #e #g #h ,j #f #d #i #aj #f #aj #e ,k ,a #aj #g #h ,j #g #h ,j #c #d #e ,k ,a #g #h #e ,j ,a #b #d ,q ,q #e #i #aj #i #h #f #b #e ,j #g #aj ,q #g #d ,a ,a #f ,q ,k #aa ,q ,j #f #aj ,j #i #c #aj #ab #aj #g #f #i #h ,k #b #h #ac ,q #h #i ,k ---------------------------------------- ------------------ ,no4 #a4 ,?is is a f9e example ( ! ,long-suit ,game4 ,! lead] beg9s ) "o ( ! high c>ds ( 8 long suit4 ,miss+ ! #b1 he kn[s "s "o is signall+ = trumps1 & z x is v unlikely t ! adv]s>ies w\ld signal :ile he 0 9 ! lead1 he assumes x is 8 p>tn]1 & leads 8 be/ trump4 ,8 p>tn] does n return ! trump1 because he holds major t5ace ov] ! k+1 :i* mu/ be 9 ,y's h&4 ,at trick #e ,b /ill holds major t5ace 9 trumps1 & leads a small c>d ( 8 long suit to try to get ,a into ! lead aga94 ,if ,a leads trumps aga91 8 only possible c>d ( re-entry = 8 club suit is gone4 ,at trick #g1 if ,b draws ,y's k+1 he kills ,a's c>d ( re-entry at ! same "t4 ,no4 #b4 ,?is is an excell5t example ( ! ,am]ican ,game4 ,a has a ?ree-trump h&1 b 8 long suit is n head$ by two honors 9 sequ5ce1 & ! ,que5 ( clubs _c be consid]$ z a re-entry1 s ,a makes ! gambit op5+ ( ! s+leton diamond4 ,8 p>tn]1 hav+ no?+ 9 pla9 suits1 imm$iately returns ! diamond4 ,a n[ leads an int]m$iate club1 & ,b =ces him aga94 ,at trick #f1 ,a avoids *ang+ suits4 ,if ! long spade suit is op5$1 & ,z returns ! diamond #aj1 ,a-,b w make f\r tricks less on ?is h&4 ,no4 #c4 ,?is example ( ! ,%ort-suit ,game is f ,val ,/>nes' ,%ort-,suit ,:i/4 ,?is is sometimes call$ ! ,gambit op5+4 ,! lead]1 hav+ no reason to lead trumps1 ev5 ) five1 & n hav+ ?ree hon\rs 9 8 long suit1 pref]s ! gambit op5+ ( ! s+ly gu>d$ que54 ,y holds :at is call$ a pot5tial or imp]fect f\r*ette1 & cov]s1 9 ord] to make ,a-,b play two hon\rs to get "o trick4 ,b also makes a gambit op5+ by return+ a support+ spade4 ,?ree tricks are ga9$ by ! two leads ( ! support+ c>ds1 & five w\ld h be5 made b = ,y's cov]+ on ! fir/ trick4 ,no4 #d4 ,?is is an example ( ,play+ to ! ,score4 ,! game is ,engli% ,:i/1 #e po9ts1 c\nt+ hon\rs4 ,! fir/ lead ( trumps %[s ,z t hon\rs are divid$1 & t he mu/ make #aa tricks to w9 ! game4 ,at trick #c1 he mu/ trump2 to disc>d clubs w\ld be inconsi/5t ) refus+ to trump 9 ord] to br+ !m 94 ,at trick #d1 if ,y _c w9 a trick 9 clubs & give ,z a f9esse 9 trumps1 ,z _c w9 ! game4 ,at trick #g1 bo? black que5s are aga9/ ,z1 & he mu/ take ! be/ *ance to w9 if ! diamond ace is also aga9/ him4 ,! adv]s>ies _c place ! club ace1 & s ,z und]plays 9 clubs z 8 only *ance = ! game4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,prussian ,,:i/4 ,?is is ! ord9>y #e1 #g or #aj po9t :i/1 ) or )\t hon\rs1 except t in/ead ( turn+ up ! la/ c>d = trump1 ! play] to ! left ( ! deal] cuts a trump f ! /ill pack1 :i* is %uffl$ & pres5t$ to him by ! deal]'s p>tn]4 ,,fav\rite ,,:i/4 ,?is is ! regul> #e1 #g or #aj po9t :i/1 ) or )\t hon\rs1 except t :i*ev] suit is cut = ! trump on ! fir/ deal ( ! rubb] is call$ ! fav\rite4 ,:5ev] ! suit turns up = trump1 aft] ! fir/ deal1 tricks & hon\rs c\nt d\ble t[>ds game4 ,!re mu/ be a new fav\rite at ! beg9n+ ( ea* rubb]1 unless ! same suit happ5s to be cut aga94 ,a v>iation is to atta* a progressive value to ! f\r suits2 tricks be+ wor? #a po9t :5 ,spades are trumps2 :5 ,clubs #b2 :5 ,diamonds #c2 & :5 ,he>ts #d4 ,hon\rs d n c\nt1 & ! game is #aj po9ts1 made by tricks alone4 ,! h&s are play$ out2 ! w9n]s score all tricks tak51 & ! w9n]s ( ! rubb] add #aj po9ts = bonus4 ,! value ( ! rubb] is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! scores ( ! w9n]s & t ( ! los]s4 ,= in/ance3 ,if ! rubb] is 9 ,a-,b's fav\r ) ! score %[n 9 ! m>g9 ,a-,b w9 a rubb] ( #h po9ts4 #a/ game2 #aj to #f #bnd game2 #d to #af #crd game2 #ad to #h ,rubb]2 #aj -------- ,totals #ch to #cj ,?is is a good game = sup]/iti\s p1 :o believe t c]ta9 trump suits are fav\rable to !m4 ,,text-,,books4 ,! foll[+ li/ ( works on :i/1 alphabetically arrang$1 conta9s ! pr9cipal /&>d text-books on ! game4 ,^? m>k$ 99 are especially = ! beg9n]4 ,^? m>k$ x are *iefly devot$ to ! ,%ort-suit game4 ,art ( ,practical ,:i/1 by ,major ,g54 ,drayson4 99 ,fo/]'s ,:i/ ,manual1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]4 99 ,fo/]'s ,:i/ ,tactics1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]4 x ,fo/]'s ,common ,s5se 9 ,:i/1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]4 99 ,fo/]'s ,self-,play+ ,c>ds1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]4 x ,fo/]'s ,duplicate ,:i/1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]4 ,fo/]'s ,am]ican ,leads1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]4 99 ,fo/]'s ,:i/ at a ,glance1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]4 99 ,gi/ ( ,:i/1 by ,c4,e4 ,c(f94 x ,h[ell's ,:i/ ,op5+s1 by ,e4,c4 ,h[ell4 ,laws & ,pr9ciples ( ,:i/1 by 8,cav5di%40 ,mod]n ,sci5tific ,:i/1 by ,c4,d4,p4 ,hamilton4 ,philosophy ( ,:i/1 by ,dr4 ,w4 ,pole4 99 ,practical ,guide to ,:i/1 by ,fi%] ,ames4 x ,%ort-,suit ,:i/1 by ,val4 ,w4 ,/>nes4 99 ,%ort ,:i/1 by ,james ,clay4 99 ,!ory ( ,:i/1 by ,dr4 ,w4 ,pole4 99 ,:i/1 or ,bumblepuppy1 by 8,pembridge40 ,:i/ ,developm5ts1 by 8,cav5di%40 99 ,:i/ ( ,to-day1 by ,milton ,c4 ,"w4 99 ,:i/ ,trois1 by ,*4 ,lahure4 ,dummy4 x ,:i/1 & its ,ma/]s1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]4 99 ,:i/1 ,a mon?ly j\rnal2 pub4 ,milwaukee1 ,wis41 ,u4,s4,a4 ,,duplicate ,,:i/4 ,duplicate :i/ is n a di/9ct game1 b is simply ! "n giv5 to t mann] ( play+ :i/ 9 :i* a numb] ( h&s are play$ ov] aga9 ) ! same c>ds1 b by diff]5t p]sons4 ,,c>ds4 ,! c>ds h ! same rank z at :i/2 !y are dealt 9 ! same mann]1 & ! same rules apply to all irregul>ities 9 ! deal1 except t a misdeal] mu/ deal aga94 ,! objects ( ! game are ! same1 & s are all ! sugge/ions = good play4 ,! only diff]5ces t require att5tion are ! positions ( ! play]s1 ! mann] ( c\nt+ ! tricks1 & ! me?ods ( keep+ & comp>+ ! scores4 ,,!ory4 ,x may briefly be /at$ t duplicate proce$s ^u ! pr9ciple t if two p>tn]s h made a c]ta9 numb] ( tricks ) c]ta9 c>ds1 "u c]ta9 conditions ) respect to ! lead1 di/ribution ( ! o!r c>ds 9 ! adv]s>ies' h&s1 etc41 ! only way to decide :e!r or n two o!r play]s c\ld h done bett]1 or _c d s well1 is to let !m try x1 by giv+ !m ! same c>ds1 "u exactly simil> conditions4 ,?is comp>ison may be c>ri$ out 9 v>i\s ways2 b 9 e in/ance x dep5ds entirely ^u ! numb] & arrangem5t ( ! play]s engag$4 ,! mo/ common =ms are3 club aga9/ club2 team aga9/ team2 pair aga9/ pair2 or man aga9/ man4 ,! reason = ! arrangem5t ( ! play]s w be bett] und]/ood if we fir/ describe ! me?od4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,!re is no cutt+ = p>tn]s1 & *oice ( seats & c>ds z at :i/1 because ! play]s take _! places & deal accord+ to a pre-arrang$ s*$ule4 ,! play] to ! left ( ! deal] beg9s by plac+ ! c>d he leads face up on ! table1 & 9 front ( him4 ,! second play] foll[s by plac+ 8 c>d 9 front ( him 9 ! same mann]2 & s ! ?ird1 & s ! f\r?4 ,! f\r c>ds are !n turn$ face d[n1 & ! deal] takes up ! trump4 ,! p>tn]s w9n+ ! trick place _! c>ds l5g?wise1 po9t+ t[>ds ea* o!r2 ! adv]s>ies place !irs across4 ,at ! end ( ! h&1 ! numb] ( tricks tak5 by ea* side c be se5 by glanc+ at any play]'s c>ds4 ,if !re is any discrepancy1 a comp>ison ( ! turn$ c>ds w %[ 9 :i* trick x occurs1 & ! c>ds c be readily fac$ & exam9$4 ,illu/ration3 -------------------- ---------- - -- ------------ ------ ,n ------- ---------- ------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------- ---------- ------- --------- ------- ------- --------- ,w ,e --------- ------- ------- --------- ------- ,x ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ------- ---------- ------- ,s ------------------- -- - ---------- -------------------- ,n ,s #f2 ,e ,w #g4 ,ea/ has made a mi/ake 9 turn+ ! fif? trick4 ,,c\nt]s4 ,9 "s places #ac c\nt]s are plac$ on ! table1 ! w9n] ( ea* trick tak+ d[n "o4 ,?is sy/em (t5 leads to disputes1 z !re c be no *eck ^u x1 & !re is no?+ to %[ 9 :i* trick ! error occurr$4 ,,c\nt+ ,,tricks4 ,at ! end ( ea* h&1 ! play]s sitt+ ,nor? & ,s\? score ! total numb] ( tricks !y h tak52 in/ead ( ! numb] 9 excess ( a book4 ,_! adv]s>ies1 sitt+ ,ea/ & ,we/1 d ! same4 ,ea* play] !n slightly %uffles 8 #ac c>ds2 s z to conceal ! ord] 9 :i* !y 7 play$1 & ! f\r sep>ate h&s ( #ac c>ds ea* are !n left on ! table1 face d[n2 ! trump be+ turn$ at ! deal]'s place4 ,,trays4 ,:5 any app>atus is us$ = hold+ ! c>ds1 su* z trays1 boxes1 or envelopes1 ea* play] puts 8 #ac c>ds 9 ! comp>tm5t provid$ = !m4 ,ea* tray has a m>k ^u x1 usually an arr[1 %[+ :i* end ( ! tray %\ld po9t t[>d a giv5 direction1 usually ! ,nor?4 ,! pocket into :i* ! deal]'s c>ds g is m>k$ 8deal]10 & x is usual to provide a trump slip = ea* tray4 ,:5 ! h& is fir/ dealt1 ! trump is record$ on ?is slip1 :i* travels r\nd ! room ) ! tray4 ,aft] ! deal] has turn$ up ! designat$ trump1 he places ! trump slip 9 ! tray1 face d[n4 ,:5 ! play ( ! h& is f9i%$ & ! c>ds replac$ 9 ! tray1 ! deal] puts 8 trump slip on ! top ( 8 c>ds4 ,! f\r h&s c !n be conv5i5tly c>ri$ or h&$ to any o!r table to be ov]play$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,v>i\s ,,app>atus ,,= ,,duplicate4 ,,scor+4 ,!re %\ld be two score-c>ds at ea* table4 ,! v>i\s me?ods ( putt+ d[n & comp>+ ! scores c be/ be describ$ 9 connection ) ! v>iety ( competition to :i* !y belong4 ,x is a common practice to note ! trump c>d on ! score %eets4 ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,play]s4 ,! f\r play]s at ea* table are di/+ui%$ by ! lett]s ,n ,s ,e ,w2 ,nor? & ,s\? be+ p>tn]s aga9/ ,ea/ & ,we/4 ,we/ %\ld always be ! deal] 9 ! fir/ h&1 ,nor? hav+ ! orig9al lead4 ,9 all publi%$ illu/rative h&s1 ,nor? is ! lead]1 unless o!rwise specifi$4 ,! deal passes 9 rotation to ! left1 & ! numb] ( h&s play$ %\ld always be "s multiple ( f\r1 s t ea* play] may h ! orig9al lead an equal numb] ( times4 #bd h&s at ea* table is ! usual numb]1 & is ! rule at all ,league t\rnam5ts4 ,! p>tn]s & adv]s>ies %\ld be *ang$ aft] ea* eight h&s4 ,?ree *anges 9 #bd h&s w br+ ea* memb] ( a set ( f\r into p>tn]%ip ) e o!r memb] = an equal numb] ( h&s4 ,illu/ration3 ,n leads --------- ,deal]1 ,w ,e --------- ,s ,if two teams ( f\r on a side1 ,a ,b ,c ,d1 & ,w ,x ,y ,z1 play aga9/ ea* o!r1 ! arrangem5t 9 a ,league t\rnam5t w\ld be z foll[s3--t ,a ,b ,c ,d %\ld repres5t ! play]s ( ! visit+ club1 or *all5g]s1 & ,w ,x ,y ,z ! home club1 or hold]s2 & t ! positions ( ! play]s %\ld be *ang$ aft] e f\r h&s4 ,x is usual to play #bd h&s 9 ! aft]noon1 & #bd m at night4 ,a ,a ,a ,a ,a ,a ,w ,x ,y ,z ,w ,y ,x ,z ,x ,y ,w ,z ,b ,b ,c ,c ,d ,d #a/4 #bnd4 #crd4 #d?4 #e?4 #f?4 ,y ,w ,x ,w ,w ,x ,c ,d ,c ,d ,b ,d ,b ,d ,b ,c ,b ,c ,z ,x ,z ,y ,z ,y ,if m ?an f\r play]s are engag$ on ea* side1 ?is arrangem5t mu/ be repeat$ ) e additional f\r2 ! tables be+ always 9 sets ( two ea*1 b 9 su* cases1 & 9 fact 9 any?+ b ,league mat*es1 x is usual to play only ! #a/1 #crd & #e? sets4 ,,club ,,aga9/ ,,club4 ,! small] club %\ld put into ! field z _m multiples ( f\r z x c2 ! l>g] club pres5t+ an equal numb] to play aga9/ !m4 ,! oppos+ sides are !n s arrang$ t half ! memb]s ( ea* club sit ,nor? & ,s\?1 ! o!r half ,ea/ & ,we/4 ,if we di/+ui% ! clubs by ! m>ks ,o & ,x1 & suppose #af to be engag$ on ea* side1 !y w\ld be arrang$ at #h tables1 ?us3-- ,o ,o ,o ,o ,x #a ,x ,x #c ,x ,x #e ,x ,x #g ,x ,o ,o ,o ,o #a/ set #bnd set #crd set #d? set ,x ,x ,x ,x ,o #b ,o ,o #d ,o ,o #f ,o ,o #h ,o ,x ,x ,x ,x ,if app>atus is us$1 ! play]s may sit /ill = f\r h&s1 putt+ ! trays aside1 & !n ex*ang+ !m = ! f\r trays play$ at ! o!r table 9 _! set4 ,if n1 ! c>ds are left on ! table1 z already describ$1 & ! f\rs *ange places2 ^? at table ,no4 #a go+ to table ,no4 #b1 :ile ^? at ,no4 #b g to ,no4 #a1 ! o!r sets *ang+ 9 ! same mann]4 ,?is br+s !m into ?is position3-- ,x ,x ,x ,x ,o #a ,o ,o #c ,o ,o #e ,o ,o #g ,o ,x ,x ,x ,x ,o ,o ,o ,o ,x #b ,x ,x #d ,x ,x #f ,x ,x #h ,x ,o ,o ,o ,o ,! two ,o's t h j play$ ! ,n ,s h&s at table ,no4 #a1 proce$ to play at table ,no4 #b1 ! ,n ,s h&s :i* h j be5 play$ by two ,x's2 :ile ! two ,o's t play$ ! ,e ,w h&s at table ,no4 #b1 ov]play at table ,no4 #a1 ! ,e ,w h&s j held by ! two ,x's4 ,x is n[ evid5t t ! f\r ,o's h held betwe5 !m all ! #eb c>ds dealt at ea* table2 = ! fir/ pair h held all ! ,n ,s h&s dealt at bo? tables1 & ! second pair h held all ! ,e ,w h&s4 ,! same is true ( ! f\r ,x play]s2 & if !re is any diff]5ce 9 ! numb] ( tricks tak5 by ! oppos+ f\rs1 x is suppos$ to be due to a diff]5ce 9 skill1 o!r matt]s hav+ be5 equalis$ z f> z ! limitations ( ! game w p]mit4 ,! ov]play f9i%$1 ! c>ds are ga!r$1 %uffl$1 cut1 & dealt afre%1 ,ea/ n[ hav+ ! orig9al lead4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! deal c nev] be lo/1 & t no matt] :at happ5s1 ! play] ^: prop] turn x is to deal mu/ d s4 ,,numb]+ ,,h&s4 ,! h&s simultane\sly play$ are scor$ "u ! same numb]1 b di/+ui%$ by ! numb] ( ! table at :i* !y are fir/ dealt4 ,ea* pair ( p>tn]s 9 a team play two ,no4 #a h&s1 9 "o ( :i* !y are ,n ,s2 9 ! o!r ,e ,w4 ,,scor+4 ,! result ( ! h& is ent]$ ^u ! score %eets1 :i* ! oppos+ play]s at ea* table %\ld !n comp>e1 & turn !m face d[n1 leav+ !m on ! table :5 !y *ange places4 ,let u suppose ! ,n ,s p>tn]s ( ! ,o team to make #g tricks at table ,no4 #a2 ! ,e ,w p>tn]s ( ! ,x team mak+ #f4 ,ea* pair ent]s on its own score-c>d ! numb] x makes4 ,! ,e ,w p>tn]s ( ! ,o team n[ come to table ,no4 #a1 & play ! #bf c>ds :i* ! o!r memb]s ( _! team did n hold4 ,!y are n p]mitt$ to look at ! score-c>d until ! h& has be5 ov]play$4 ,!n !y ent] ! result1 :i* %\ld be #f tricks4 ,if ! total ( ! tricks tak5 by ! same team on ! ,n ,s & ! ,e ,w h&s is n #ac1 x mu/ be a loss or a ga94 ,at ! end ( ! #bd h&s1 ! result ( ! mat* c be imm$iately asc]ta9$ by lay+ side by side ! score c>ds ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/ h&s play$ at ! same table4 ,! ,nor? & ,s\? scores are n comp>$1 because ! laws say !y may be incorrect1 b ! ,ea/ & ,we/ mu/ be1 (ficially1 "r4 ,we give on ! two prec$+ pages an illu/ration ( ! full score ( a mat*4 ,! *eck m>ks 9 ! #f? column %[ t ! ,n ,s play]s comp>$ ! score ) ! ,e ,w be=e turn+ d[n _! c>ds4 ,! figures 9 ! #bnd column are ! ga9s on ! v>i\s h&s4 ,! figures 9 ! #g? column %[ :i* ( ! f\r play]s ^: names appe> at ! top ( ! score-c>d 7 p>tn]s = t s]ies ( h&s4 ,! result %[s t ! ,o team _h a majority ( "o trick at table ,no4 #a1 :ile ! ,x team _h a majority ( ?ree tricks at table ,no4 #b1 leav+ !m ! w9n]s ( ! mat* by two tricks4 ,if sixte5 play]s 7 engag$1 x w\ld be necess>y to in/itute a simil> comp>ison betwe5 ea* set ( tables1 & !re w\ld be sixte5 score-c>ds to comp>e1 two at a "t1 in/ead ( f\r4 ,,team ,,aga9/ ,,team4 ,! me?ods j describ$ = a mat* ( club aga9/ club are id5tical ) ^? :i* are us$ 9 a conte/ betwe5 two teams ( f\r2 ! only diff]5ce be+ t ( proportion4 ,9 ! latt] case !re w be only "o set1 ( two tables1 & only f\r score-c>ds to comp>e4 ,! *ange ( p>tn]s %\ld be exhau/ive 9 team mat*es2 :i* w require six sets4 ,,teams ,,aga9/ ,,teams4 ,:5 sev]al qu>tette teams compete ) "o ano!r1 ,h[ell's sy/em ( arrangem5t w be f\nd ! be/4 ,!re are two me?ods2 = odd & = ev5 numb]s ( teams4 ,odd ,numb]s ( ,teams4 ,?is is ! simple/ =m ( conte/4 ,let u suppose five teams to (f] = play1 :i* we %all di/+ui% by ! lett]s1 a1 b1 c1 d1 e1 arrang+ ea* at its own table ?us3-- ,n a b c d e ,w ,e a #a a b #b b c #c c d #d d e #e e ,s a b c d e ,illu/ration3 --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ,,manhattan ,,:i/ ,,club ,,manhattan ,,:i/ ,,club ,table ,no #a ,may #f #ahie ,table ,no #a ,may #f #ahie ,o ,team ,x ,team #a ,*9]y #c ,bullock #a ,d4 ,jones #c ,m4 ,boyce #b ,lewis #d ,iz>d #b ,e4 ,wilson #d ,h4 ,jones --------------------------- --------------------------- ,e-,w,ga9,trump,,h&,n-,s,*eck ,e-,w,ga9,trump,,h&,n-,s,*eck --------------------------- --------------------------- #f ,,dk #a #g #f ,,dk #a #g #h ,h#g #b #d #ab #i #a ,h#g #b #e #cd #b ,,hj #c #i #d #b ,,hj #c #aa #f #a ,s#d #d #h --- #e ,s#d #d #g --- #c ,s#i #e #aj #c ,s#i #e #aj #h #a ,d#c #f #f #ac #g ,d#c #f #e #bd #aj #a ,c#e #g #d #i ,c#e #g #c #h ,,hq #h #d --- #i #a ,,hq #h #e --- #e #a ,,dk #i #i #d ,,dk #i #h #d #a ,,sa #aj #aj #ad #c ,,sa #aj #i #ad #g ,s#c #aa #e #h #a ,s#c #aa #f #aa #a ,c#b #ab #c --- #aj ,c#b #ab #b --- --- #ac --- #ac #f #ad #e #ad c c --------------------------- --------------------------- ,illu/ration3 --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ,,manhattan ,,:i/ ,,club ,,manhattan ,,:i/ ,,club ,table ,no #b ,may #f #ahie ,table ,no #b ,may #f #ahie ,o ,team ,x ,team #a ,*9]y #c ,bullock #a ,d4 ,jones #c ,m4 ,boyce #b ,lewis #d ,iz>d #b ,e4 ,wilson #d ,h4 ,jones --------------------------- --------------------------- ,e-,w,ga9,trump,,h&,n-,s,*eck ,e-,w,ga9,trump,,h&,n-,s,*eck --------------------------- --------------------------- #e #a ,,cj #a #i #d ,,cj #a #h #h ,s#c #b #e #ab #h ,s#c #b #e #cd #e #b ,,ca #c #aj #c ,,ca #c #h #g ,,hq #d #f --- #g ,,hq #d #f --- #aj #c ,d#d #e #f #g ,d#d #e #c #aj ,d#g #f #b #ac #aa #a ,d#g #f #c #bd #d ,c#f #g #g #f #b ,c#f #g #i #e ,s#d #h #g --- #f #a ,s#d #h #h --- #a ,c#g #i #aa #b #a ,c#g #i #ab #h ,s#d #aj #b #ad #aa #c ,s#d #aj #e #ad #i ,d#c #aa #d #i ,d#c #aa #d #d ,,dq #ab #h --- #e #a ,d#b #ab #i --- --- #ac --- #ac #f #ad #i #ad c c --------------------------- --------------------------- ,! names ( ! ,n ,s & ! ,e ,w memb]s ( ea* team %\ld fir/ be ent]$ on ! score-c>ds2 !n all ! ,n ,s play]s move to ! next table ,ea/2 ^? at table #e go+ to table #a2 & ea* table deal+ & play+ f\r h&s1 aft]w>ds putt+ !m away 9 trays4 e a b c d a #a a b #b b c #c c d #d d e #e e e a b c d ,h&s3--#a to #d #e to #h #i to #ab #ac to #af #ag to #bj ,! peculi>ity ( ?is sy/em is 9 ! movem5t ( ! trays2 ^? at ! middle table always go+ to ! extreme ,we/ ( ! l9e1 ! o!rs mov+ up z _m tables at a "t z may be necess>y to foll[ !m4 ,9 ?is in/ance ! trays at table #c g to #a1 all o!rs mov+ up two tables4 ,at ! same "t ! ,n ,s play]s all move "o table fur!r ,ea/1 br++ ab\t ?is position3-- #bnd set4 d e a b c a #a a b #b b c #c c d #d d e #e e d e a b c ,h&s3--#i to #ab #ac to #af #ag to #bj #a to #d #e to #h ,?is movem5t ( ! trays & play]s is cont9u$ = two m sets1 :i* completes ! r\nd3-- #crd set4 c d e a b a #a a b #b b c #c c d #d d e #e e c d e a b ,h&s3--#ag to #bj #a to #d #e to #h #i to #ab #ac to #af #d? set4 b c d e a a #a a b #b b c #c c d #d d e #e e b c d e a ,h&s3--#e to #h #i to #ab #ac to #af #ag to #bj #a to #d ,if we n[ take any two ( ! teams engag$1 a & d = in/ance1 we %all f9d t ! ,e ,w a & ! ,n ,s d pairs ( ^? teams h play$ h&s #i to #ab at table #a1 9 ! #bnd set2 & t ,n ,s a & ,e ,w d pairs h ov]play$ ! same h&s at table #d1 9 ! #crd set2 s t we h really be5 c>ry+ out a numb] ( mat*es simultane\sly1 betwe5 five teams ( f\r play]s ea*4 ,if !re are #e1 #g1 #i or #aa tables 9 play1 ! movem5t ( ! trays mu/ be #b1 #c1 #d or #e tables at a "t2 b ! movem5t ( ! play]s rema9s ! same2 "o table at a "t1 9 ! direction opposite to ! trays4 ,gilman's ,sy/em4 ,ano!r me?od1 recomm5d$ by ,*>les ,f4 ,gilman1 ( ,bo/on1 :i* prev5ts any possibility ( play]s giv+ h9ts to _! fri5ds z !y pass ! trays1 is to h ea* team play at its own table fir/1 s z to get an individual score4 ,! ,e ,w play]s !n move to ! next table b "o1 9 ei!r direction1 go+ f #aa to #i2 f #i to #g1 etc41 ! ,n ,s play]s sitt+ /ill4 ,?is movem5t is cont9u$ until ! ,e ,w play]s h gone twice r\nd4 ,! trays move 9 ! same direction z ! play]s1 b only "o table at a "t2 go+ f #aa to #aj1 #i to #h1 etc4 ,?is br+s ab\t ! same result z ! ,h[ell's sy/em4 ,ev5 ,numb]s ( ,teams4 ,! pres5t me?od ( arrang+ ev5 numb]s ( teams is also ,gilman's2 b x requires consid]able c>e 9 ! movem5t ( ! trays1 because half ( !m lie idle dur+ ea* r\nd1 :i* is ! same z skipp+ a table 9 o!r me?ods4 ,suppose we h t5 tables1 arrang$ 9 two r[s ?us1 ) a team ( f\r play]s at ea*3 #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj ,tak+ #cj deals z ! numb] to be play$1 we place trays ,no4 #a1 #b1 #c1 to be play$ & ov]play$ by tables #a & #f1 :i* are opposite ea* o!r 9 ! r[s4 ,trays #d1 #e1 #f1 we lay aside4 ,trays #g1 #h1 #i1 are to be play$ & ov]play$ by tables #b & #g2 :ile #aj1 #aa1 #ab1 are laid aside1 & s on until we get to tables #e & #aj1 :i* play & ov]play trays #be1 #bf1 #bg4 ,! easie/ way to manage ?is is to give tray ,no4 #b to table #f1 :ile tray #a is at table #a1 & !n to let table #a take tray #b1 :ile table #f plays tray #c4 ,!n table #a w get tray #c1 :ile table #f ov]plays tray #a4 ,?is w make all ! trays come 9 num]ical ord] to table #a1 & w act z a *eck4 ,! play ( ! fir/ r\nd1 ?ree deals1 f9i%$1 ! ,e ,w play]s all move "o table1 #b go+ to #a1 #c to #b1 etc4 ,! umpire n[ br+s into play ! trays t 7 idle1 giv+ trays #d1 #e1 #f1 to tables #a & #f2 trays #aj1 #aa1 #ab1 to tables #b & #g1 & s on d[n ! l9e1 all ! trays t 7 us$ 9 ! fir/ r\nd ly+ idle4 ,aga9 ! play]s move1 & n[ table #a gets ! #g1 #h1 #i1 set ( trays to ov]play ) table #f1 & s on2 s t all ! sets move up a table aft] ea* int]v5+ r\nd1 & table #a w get all ! trays f #a to #cj 9 ord]4 ,,scor+4 ,9 bo? ! =ego+ sy/ems1 ea* pair %\ld h its own score-c>d1 & %\ld m>k ! "n ( ! team x plays aga9/ = ea* s]ies ( f\r h&s4 ,^! score-c>ds are m = private ref]5ce ?an any?+ else 9 t\rnam5ts2 because !re is always a pr(essional scor]1 = ^: use small slips are fill$ out & collect$ f ! tables at ! end ( ea* r\nd4 ,! w9n] is ! team t w9s ! mo/ mat*es2 n ! "o t ga9s ! mo/ tricks4 ,9 case ( ties1 ! numb] ( tricks won mu/ decide4 ,if ! numb] ( tricks tak5 by ea* side is a tie 9 any mat*1 ! score is m>k$ z]o1 & ea* team c\nts half a mat* won4 ,we give an illu/ration ( ! f9al score 9 a mat* betwe5 five teams4 ,! c & d teams are ti$ = a second place 9 ! numb] ( mat*es2 b ! c team takes ?ird place1 because x has lo/ "o m trick ?an ! d team4 ,! b & c teams score a half mat*2 s d ! c & e teams4 ,illu/ration3 -------------------------------------- ,teams a b c d e ,mat*es,tricks -------------------------------------- a #e -#a #a #d #c #i -------------------------------------- b -#e #j -#a #b #a -#d -------------------------------------- c #a #j -#b #j #b -#a -------------------------------------- d -#a #a #b -#b #b #j -------------------------------------- e -#d -#b #j #b #a -#d -------------------------------------- ,,pair ,,aga9/ ,,pair4 ,?is is ! mo/ int]e/+ =m ( competition1 especially = dome/ic p>ties1 z ! arrangem5t ( ! play]s w all[ ( great latitude 9 ! numb] engag$1 table aft] table be+ add$ z long z play]s (f] to fill !m4 ,two ,pairs4 ,:5 only f\r play]s are engag$ at a s+le table1 ! game is call$ ,memory ,duplicate2 :i* is =bidd5 9 all fir/-class clubs4 ,! play]s reta9 _! seats until !y h play$ an agre$ numb] ( h&s1 :i* are laid aside "o by "o 9 trays4 ,no trump is turn$ 9 ,memory ,duplicate2 "o suit be+ decl>$ trumps = ! entire sitt+4 ,in/ead ( ! play]s *ang+ positions = ! ov]play1 ! trays are rev]s$4 ,if ! indicators po9t$ ,n ,s on ! orig9al deals1 !y mu/ lie ,e ,w = ! ov]play4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,a --------- --------- ,b ,b ,b ,,de --- ,b ,,al ,,deal] ,,er --------- --------- ,a ,a ,,orig9al ,,position ,,( ,,trays4 ,,position ,,= ,,ov]play4 ,scor+4 ,! ,e ,w h&s only are scor$1 ! c>d be+ laid aside aft] ! orig9al play is complet$1 & a new c>d us$ = ! ov]play4 ,! diff]5ce 9 ! totals ( ^! two sets ( score-c>ds w %[ :i* pair ga9$ ! mo/ tricks4 ,f\r ,pairs4 ,^! %\ld be arrang$ at two tables1 *ang+ adv]s>ies aft] e #h h&s4 ,! ?ird set w exhau/ ! comb9ations1 & x w !n be f\nd t ea* pair has play$ & ov]play$ an equal numb] ( h&s aga9/ e o!r pair4 #a/ set #bnd set #crd set b c d a a a a a a b c d ,h&s3--#a to #h #i to #af #ag to #bd d b c c c d d b b d b c ,f\r h&s are dealt at ea* table 9 ea* set1 & !n ex*ang$4 ,! trump c>d is turn$ = e orig9al deal4 ,scor+4 ,ea* pair c>ries its own score-c>d ) x f table to table1 until ! #bd h&s h be5 play$4 ,! #g? column is us$ to designate ! pair play$ aga9/4 ,! pairs at ! second table %\ld beg9 scor+ ) h&s ,nos4 #e1 #ac & #ba respectively2 z !y w pres5tly receive f ! fir/ table ! s]ies beg9n+ #a1 #i & #ag respectively4 ,eight h&s complete a mat*1 & ! result mu/ be tabulat$ 9 ! same mann] z = teams ( f\r1 ties be+ decid$ by ! majority ( tricks won4 ,we give an example4 ,illu/ration3 ---------------------------------------- ,pairs a b c d ,mat*es ,tricks ---------------------------------------- a #c -#b #e #b #f --------------------------------- b -#c #d -#a #a #j --------------------------------- c #b -#d -#b #a -#d --------------------------------- d -#e #a #b #b -#b ---------------------------------------- ,! a pair w9s ! tie ) d1 be+ #f tricks plus4 ,six ,pairs4 ,?is is a v awkw>d numb] to h&le1 & %\ld be avoid$ if possible4 ,! :ole c\ld be play$ at ?ree tables simultane\sly2 b su* a c\rse w\ld necessitate _! *ang+ places t5 times1 foll[+ a v complicat$ s*$ule 9 s do+4 ,! simple/ way to h&le six pairs is to arrange !m at ?ree tables1 two ( :i* are con/antly 9 play1 ! ?ird only half ! "t4 ,?is is ! fir/ position3-- b d f a #a a c #b c e #c e b d f ,tables #a & #b deal & play two h&s ea*1 & !n ex*ange trays ) ea* o!r4 ,at table #c1 two h&s are dealt & play$1 bo? be+ left 9 ! trays4 ,! play]s at tables #a & #b !n *ange adv]s>ies2 deal+1 play+ & ex*ang+ two fre% h&s4 ,! play]s at ! ?ird table rema9 idle1 or look on4 c d f a #a a b #b b e #c e c d f ,h&s #e & #f play$ & ex*ang$4 ,none4 ,! b & c pairs n[ give way to e & f3-- e d b a #a a f #b f c #c c e d b ,h&s #g & #h play$ & ex*ang$4 #c & #d4 ,:ile tables #a & #b are play+ two fre% h&s1 ! trays conta9+ h&s ,nos4 #c & #d :i* 7 left at table #c are ov]play$ by ! b & c pairs1 :i* makes a mat* betwe5 !m & ! e & f pairs4 ,aga9 ! pairs at ! fir/ two tables *ange adv]s>ies2 deal+1 play+ & ex*ang+ two m h&s2 ! ?ird table rema9+ idle4 f d b a #a a e #b e c #c c f d b ,h&s #i & #aj play$ & ex*ang$4 ,none4 ,! pairs a & d n[ give way to b & c1 & ! b c e f pairs play two h&s & ex*ange !m2 !n *ange adv]s>ies = two m h&s2 a & d rema9+ idle all ! "t4 ,all ! pairs h n[ be5 mat*$ b a & d1 & !y take seats ,e ,w at two tables1 ! ,n ,s positions be+ fill$ up by any ( ! o!r play]s 9 ! mat*4 any any a #a a d #b d any any ,no notice is tak5 ( ! scores made by ! ,n ,s h&s 9 ! la/ set2 z x is simply a mat* betwe5 ! a & d pairs4 ,scor+4 ,ea* pair aga9/ ea* is consid]$ a mat*1 & ! w9n] ( ! mo/ mat*es w9s1 tricks decid+ ties4 ,compass ,:i/4 ,:5 we come to h&le l>ge numb]s1 ! *anges ( position become too complicat$1 & ! simple/ plan is to arrange !m at z _m tables z !y w fill1 & to place on ea* table an equal numb] ( trays4 ,at ! ,knick]bock] ,:i/ ,club1 ,new ,york1 :i* is /ill fam\s = its compass games1 !y play a m9imum ( #bd trays1 or get z ne> t numb] z possible4 ,if !re are #ad tables1 !y play two deals at ea*4 ,if !re are only #aj tables1 !y play #cj trays4 ,all ! ,n ,s play]s sit /ill1 & at ! end ( ea* r\nd1 two or ?ree deals z ! case may be1 all ! ,e ,w play]s move up "o table1 #b go+ to #a1 #c to #b1 etc4 ,ea* pair keeps its own score c>d1 on :i* is put d[n ! numb] ( ! tray1 ! numb] ( ! pair play$ aga9/1 :i* is always ! numb] ( ! table at :i* !y />t$2 "o ( ! pairs rema9+ !re be+ ,no4 #c ,n ,s1 ! o!r mov+ away1 be+ ,no4 #c ,e ,w4 ,ea* pair adds up its score c>d at ! end1 & puts d[n ! total numb] ( tricks !y h won4 ,! names ( ! play]s hav+ be5 previ\sly writt5 on ! blackbo>d1 _! scores are put d[n opposite _! names1 ea* side1 ,n ,s & ,e ,w1 is !n add$ up 9 ord] to f9d ! av]age1 & all scores above av]age are plus1 :ile all bel[ av]age are m9us4 ,! foll[+ is an example ( ! av]ag+ ( a game 9 :i* five tables took "p1 play+ #cj deals3-- ,n ,s ,e ,w a #bja -#f f #ahi #f b #bjd -#c g #ahf #c c #baa #d h #agi -#d d #bjg j #ahc e #bab #e k #agh -#e --------------- --------------- #e #ajce #e #iae ---- --- ,av]4 #bjg1 ,n ,s4 ,av]4 #ahc1 ,e ,w4 ,! e & f pairs make ! be/ scores ,n ,s & ,e ,w respectively2 ! f pair1 hav+ won ! greate/ numb] ( tricks above ! av]age ( ! h&s1 w\ld be ! w9n]s4 ,h[ell ,pair ,sy/em4 ,a v popul> sy/em ( manag+ pairs 9 club games1 & also 9 ! national t\rnam5ts = ! ,m9neapolis trophy1 is call$ ! ,h[ell ,pairs4 ,indicator c>ds are plac$ on ! tables1 :i* %[ ea* play] ! numb] ( ! table & ! position at t table to :i* he %\ld move next4 ,sometimes he w sit ,n1 sometimes ,s1 & sometimes ,e or ,w1 b he always f9ds 8 p>tn] opposite him1 & at ! end ( ! game he w h _h e o!r pair 9 ! game = an adv]s>y once1 & w h play$ all ! h&s dealt4 ,a diff]5t set ( indicator c>ds is requir$ = e diff]5t numb] ( tables 9 ! game4 ,!y are ! inv5tion ( ! late ,e4,c4 ,h[ell ( ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 & h be5 arrang$ = any numb] ( pairs f f\r to ?irty-f\r4 ,,individuals4 ,:5 f\r play memory duplicate1 "o ( ! f\r1 usually ,s1 reta9s 8 seat & keeps ! score1 ! o!rs *ang+ places "r & left alt]nately1 ea* play+ ) ,s z a p>tn] = #h h&s4 ,^! *anges successively br+ ab\t ! ?ree foll[+ positions3-- c b a a b a c c b ,s ,s ,s ,h&s3--#a to #d #e to #h #i to #ab ,= ! ov]play1 ! trays are rev]s$1 ! h&s orig9ally dealt ,n ,s be+ plac$ ,e ,w2 b ! play]s cont9ue to *ange "r & left alt]nately4 ,?is br+s ! same p>tn]s toge!r1 b on diff]5t sides ( ! table4 c b a b a c a c b ,s ,s ,s ,h&s3--#a to #d #e to #h #i to #ab ,scor+4 ,! names ( ! f\r play]s %\ld be writt5 at ! head ( ea* score-c>d1 & z !re is no trump turn$ 9 memory duplicate1 ! ?ird & sev5? columns c bo? be us$ = ! numb]s ( ! play]s t are p>tn]s1 & ! six? column = ! ,n ,s ga9s4 ,:5 ! mat* is f9i%$1 a tabulation ( ! tricks lo/ or won by ea* play] w readily %[ :i* is ! w9n]4 ,9 ! illu/ration :i* we give1 ,no4 #c f9i%es plus #f2 ,no4 #d plus #b2 ,no4 #a m9us #d2 & ,no4 #b m9us #d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,manhattan ,,:i/ ,,club ,table ,no4 #ca ,may #ahif #a4 ,*9]y #c4 ,bullock #b4 ,lewis #d4 ,iz>d ---------------------------------------- ---- ,e-,w ,ga9 ,"p's ,,h& ,n-,s ,ga9 ,"p's ---------------------------------------- ---- #h #a #aj #b ------------------- ------------------- #d #a #b #b #e #a #c #d ------------------- ------------------- #f #a -#d #c #e #d ------------------- ------------------- #c #d #e #b ----- ----- #g #e #h #a ------------------- ------------------- #f #b #a #c #f #d #b #d ------------------- ------------------- #c #a #g #d #a -#a ------------------- ------------------- #aj #a #h #i ----- ----- #e #i #f #a ------------------- ------------------- #i #a #d #aj #aj #a #b #c ------------------- ------------------- #aj #b -#a #aa #h #a ------------------- ------------------- #b #ab #c #a ---------------------------------------- ------ ,summ>y #a to #d #e to #h #i to #ab ,total ---------------------------------------- ------ ,no #a -#d #a -#a -#d ------------------------------------ #b -#d -#a #a -#d ------------------------------------ #c #d #a #a #f ------------------------------------ #d #d -#a -#a #b ---------------------------------------- ------ ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! h&s :i* are "h scor$ ,n ,s1 9 ! #e? column1 7 ,e ,w :5 orig9ally dealt2 s t ! #a/ & #e? columns are really ! same h&s4 ,! score-c>d %\ld be fold$ d[n ! middle dur+ ! ov]play1 s t ! orig9al scores _c be se54 ,x is ev5 bett] to use a new c>d4 ,fo/]'s ,sy/em ( play+ two pairs at "o table1 :i* 0 us$ at all ! mat*es = ! ,utica ,trophy1 9 :i* "o pair f a club *all5g$ ! pair t held ! trophy = ano!r club1 consi/$ 9 hav+ an umpire to transpose ! suits betwe5 ! orig9al & ! ov]play ( ! deals4 ,! trays conta9+ ! h&s 7 s5t 9 to ! umpire's room1 & he _h an extra pack ( c>ds1 f :i* he duplicat$ ea* h& ( ?irte5 c>ds z he took x out ( ! pocket to :i* x belong$1 b *ang$ ! suits1 mak+ clubs trumps in/ead ( he>ts1 etc4 ,?is sy/em 0 f\nd to d away ) ! memory "p ( ! game1 x be+ v difficult to recognize a h& unless x _h "s />tl+ feature4 ,c\pl$ ) ! pres5t practice ( ?r[+ out all h&s 9 :i* !re is f\nd to be a suit ( m ?an six c>ds1 & deal+ x ov] aga91 ,fo/]'s sy/em = two pairs is ! be/ s f> sugge/$4 ,eight ,individuals4 ,?is =m ( conte/ is seldom us$1 because play]s dislike ! cont9ual *ang+ ( position1 & ! delay 9 arriv+ at ! results ( ! score4 ,x w\ld require sev5 sets to exhau/ ! comb9ations2 & at ea* table two h&s %\ld be dealt1 play$1 & ex*ang$ ) ! o!r table 9 ! set1 be=e ! play]s *ange positions4 ,?is w\ld require #bh h&s to complete ! mat*4 ,saf=d's ,sy/em = arrang+ ! play]s is to h indicator c>ds on ! tables3-- ,illu/ration3 ,n ,n --------- --------- #d #c ,w#h #g;,e ,w#a #e;,e #f #b --------- --------- ,s ,s ,! play]s take _! seats 9 any ord] = ! fir/ set2 aft] :i* !y g to ! next high] numb]2 #h keep+ 8 seat1 & #g go+ to #a4 ,scor+4 ,ea* individual mu/ keep 8 own score1 add+ up ! total tricks tak5 9 ea* set ( f\r h&s4 ,^! totals mu/ !n be comp>$ ) ^? ( ! play] occupy+ ! same position1 ,n1 ,s1 ,e1 or ,w1 at ! o!r table 9 ! set2 & x w save "t 9 ! end if ^! are tabulat$ at once1 on a %eet prep>$ = ! purpose4 ,= in/ance3 ,let ?is be ! arrangem5t ( eight play]s 9 ! fir/ set3-- b f a #a c ,h&s #a to #d4 e #b g d h ,if a & c take #cd tricks ,e ,w2 e & g tak+ only #cj ) ! same c>ds1 ei!r a & c mu/ h ga9$ !m1 or e & g mu/ h lo/ !m4 ,x is a wa/e ( "t to put d[n bo? losses & ga9s1 & all t is necess>y is to call ! top score z]o1 & *>ge all play]s ) ! loss ( z _m tricks z _! total is %ort ( ! top score4 ,9 ?is case we *>ge e & g ) a loss ( #d ea*4 ,x mu/ be obvi\s t f & h h also made #d m tricks ?an b & d2 & t ! latt] mu/ be *>g$ ) a loss ( #d on ! same h&s t e & g lose on4 ,we give z an illu/ration a %eet balanc$ 9 ?is way1 %[+ ! losses ( ! v>i\s play]s4 ,! totals at ! end ( ! mat* %[ t c is ! w9n]1 los+ less tricks ?an any o!r play]4 ,illu/ration3 --------------------------------------- ,play]s a b c d e f g h --------------------------------------- ,set #a - #d - #d #d - #d - -------------------------------- #b - #b - #b - #b - #b -------------------------------- #c #e #e - - - - #e #e -------------------------------- #d #a - - #a #a - - #a -------------------------------- #e - - #c #c - - #c #c -------------------------------- #f - - - - #c #c #c #c -------------------------------- #g #d - - #d - #d #d - --------------------------------------- ,totals #aj #aa #c #ad #h #i #ai #ad --------------------------------------- ,l>ge ,numb]s ( ,individuals4 ,sev]al +5i\s me?ods h be5 devis$ = h&l+ l>ge numb]s ( play]s1 especially 9 dome/ic p>ties2 ,saf=d & ,mit*ell hav+ bo? di/+ui%$ !mselves 9 ?is l9e4 ,! simple/ =m has be5 sugge/$ by ,mit*ell1 & is especially adapt$ = social ga!r+s ( ladies & g5tlem54 ,z _m tables z possible are fill$2 all ! ladies sitt+ ,n ,e2 ! g5tlem5 ,s & ,w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lady ,l --------- --------- ,n ,n ,,g5tleman,w ,e,,lady ,g,w ,e,l ,s ,s --------- --------- ,,g5tleman ,g ,! numb] ( h&s dealt at ea* table mu/ be adju/$ to ! numb] ( tables fill$1 & ! "t to be devot$ to play4 ,! trays conta9+ ! h&s are pass$ to ! ,we/1 & all ! g5tlem5 move "o table to ! ,ea/1 ! ladies sitt+ /ill4 ,9 all ! *anges ea* g5tleman keeps to 8 orig9al po9t ( ! compass1 ,s\? or ,we/4 ,:5 he arrives at ! table he />t$ f1 ! r\nd is f9i%$4 ,if an odd numb] ( tables are engag$ 9 play1 ! *anges may take place 9 regul> ord] to ! end4 ,if ev51 a dummy mu/ be put 92 b z t is objectionable 9 a social ga!r+1 x is bett] to adopt "o ( ! two sy/ems foll[+1 unless half ! numb] ( tables is an odd numb]1 :5 ! me?od already describ$ may be us$4 #a/ ,me?od4 ,"s table 9 ! s]ies1 :i* mu/ n be ei!r ! fir/ or ! la/1 deals no orig9al h&s1 b ov]plays all ! h&s com+ f ! o!r tables to ! ,ea/ ( x4 ,! f\r play]s sit /ill1 tak+ no "p 9 ! progression2 ?us oblig+ ^? ^: turn x w\ld be to play at _! table to pass on to ! next4 #bnd ,me?od4 ,ea* g5tleman %\ld c>efully note ! numb] ( ! h& orig9ally dealt at ! table f :i* he />ts4 ,he progresses until he meets ?is h& aga94 ,! fir/ to obs]ve ?is %\ld give notice to ! company by a bell tap1 z all ! g5tlem5 mu/ meet _! orig9al h&s at ! same "t4 ,in/ead ( /opp+ at ! table at :i* ?is tray is enc\nt]$1 all ! g5tlem5 move on to ! next1 leav+ ! trays z !y are4 ,?is skip enables ea* to f9i% ! r\nd )\t play+ any ( ! h&s twice4 ,scor+4 ,!re mu/ be f\r w9n]s2 ! ladies ) ! be/ scores = ! ,n ,e h&s respectively1 & ! g5tlem5 ) ! be/ ,s ,w scores4 ,if a *oice is necess>y1 ! lady & ! g5tleman tak+ ! greate/ numb] ( tricks above ! av]age %\ld be select$ z ! w9n]s4 ,,m>ri$ ,,c\ples4 ,saf=d has an +5i\s s*$ule = eight m>ri$ c\ples1 s arrang$ 9 two sets t no husb& & wife are ev] 9 ! same set at ! same "t4 ,:5 sev5 sets h be5 play$1 e lady w h ov]play$ f\r h&s aga9/ e o!r lady & g5tleman1 includ+ f\r held by h] husb&4 ,! same w be true ( e man4 ,indicators are plac$ on ! tables to %[ play]s _! successive positions4 ,! numb]s repres5t ! husb&s1 & ! lett]s ! wives1 ! c\ples be+ a-#a1 b-#b1 etc4 ,! c\ple a-#a always sit /ill2 ! ladies g to ! next high] lett] ( ! alphabet1 & ! m5 to ! next high] numb]2 h go+ to b1 z a sits /ill2 & #h to #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,n ,n ,n ,n ----- ----- ----- ----- #f #c f c ,wa #a #b;,e ,wd #b #h;,e ,w#a #c b,e ,w#d #d h,e g e #f #e ----- ----- ----- ----- ,s ,s ,s ,s ,"o h& is dealt at ea* table1 & ov]play$ at ea* ( ! o!rs4 ,a diff]5t po9t ( ! compass %\ld deal at ea* table1 9 ord] to equalise ! lead4 ,scor+4 ,! score ( ea* f\r h&s %\ld be add$ up by ea* individual play]1 & ! results tabulat$ at ! end ( e f\r h&s1 9 ! mann] describ$ = eight individuals4 ,! w9n] is ! play] :o loses ! fewe/ tricks4 ,?is is ! only kn[n sy/em = decid+ :e!r or n a man c play :i/ bett] ?an 8 wife4 ,,progressive ,,duplicate ,,:i/ is ! g5]ic "n by :i* ^? sy/ems ( duplicate are kn[n 9 :i* ! purpose is to h z _m z possible ( ! play]s meet "o ano!r dur+ ! progress ( ! mat*4 ,mo/ ( ! sy/ems we h be5 describ+ belong to ?is class4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re are at pres5t only two works on ,duplicate ,:i/2 b a numb] ( articles on ! subject may be f\nd 9 8,:i/40 ,duplicate ,:i/2 by ,john ,t4 ,mit*ell1 #ahif4 ,fo/]'s ,duplicate ,:i/2 #ahid4 ,:i/2 ,jan41 #ahib2 ,jan41 #ahid2 ,aug41 #ahid2 ,oct41 #ahid2 ,jan41 #ahie3 ,m>41 #ahie2 ,may1 #ahie2 ,july1 #ahie2 ,oct41 #ahie4 ,,! ,,laws ,,( ,,duplicate ,,:i/4 ,! ,laws ( ,duplicate ,:i/ z ,am5d$ & ,adopt$ at ! ,:i/ ,congress1 ,niag>a ,falls1 ,new ,york1 ,july1 #aijj2 z am5d$ at ! ,twelf? ,congress1 ,june1 #aijb2 z am5d$ at ! ,?irte5? ,congress1 ,july1 #aijc2 ,f\rte5? ,a4,w4,l4 ,congress1 ,july1 #aijd2 ,fifte5? ,congress1 ,july1 #aije2 ,sixte5? ,congress1 ,july1 #aijf2 ,tw5tie? ,congress1 ,july #aiaj4 ,,def9itions4 ,! words & phrases us$ 9 ^! laws %all be con/ru$ 9 accordance ) ! foll[+ def9itions unless su* con/ruction is inconsi/5t ) ! context3 7a7 ,! ?irte5 c>ds receiv$ by any "o play] are t]m$ a 8h&40 7b7 ,! f\r h&s into :i* a pack is di/ribut$ = play are t]m$ a 8deal20 ! same t]m is also us$ to designate ! act ( di/ribut+ ! c>ds to ! play]s4 7c7 ,a 8tray0 is a device = reta9+ ! h&s ( a deal & indicat+ ! ord] ( play+ !m4 7d7 ,! play] :o is entitl$ to ! trump c>d is t]m$ ! 8deal]10 :e!r ! c>ds h or h n be5 dealt by him4 7e7 ,! fir/ play ( a deal is t]m$ 8! orig9al play20 ! second or any subsequ5t play ( su* deal1 ! 8ov]play40 7f7 8,duplicate ,:i/0 is t =m ( ! game ( :i/ 9 :i* ea* deal is play$ only once by ea* play]1 & 9 :i* ea* deal is s ov]play$ z to br+ ! play ( teams1 pairs ( individuals into comp>ison4 7g7 ,a play] 8r5\nces0 :5 he does n foll[ suit to ! c>d l$2 he 8r5\nces 9 error0 :51 al?\gh hold+ "o or m c>ds ( ! suit l$1 he plays a c>d ( a diff]5t suit2 if su* r5\nce 9 error is n lawfully correct$ x con/itutes a 8revoke40 7h7 ,a c>d is 8play$0 :5ev]1 9 ! c\rse ( play1 x is plac$ or dropp$ face upw>ds on ! table4 7i7 ,a trick is 8turn$ & quitt$0 :5 all f\r play]s h turn$ & quitt$ _! respective c>ds4 ,,law ,i4--,,%uffl+4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,be=e ! c>ds are dealt !y mu/ be %uffl$ 9 ! pres5ce ( an adv]s>y or ! umpire4 ,,sec4 #b4 ,! pack mu/ n be s %uffl$ z to expose ! face ( any c>d2 if a c>d is s expos$ ! pack mu/ be re%uffl$4 ,,law ,,ii4--,,cutt+ ,,= ,,! ,,trump4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,! deal] mu/ pres5t ! c>ds to 8 "r h& adv]s>y to be cut2 su* adv]s>y mu/ take f ! top ( ! pack at lea/ f\r c>ds & place !m t[>d ! deal]1 leav+ at lea/ f\r c>ds 9 ! rema9+ packet2 ! deal] mu/ reunite ! packets by plac+ ! "o n remov$ 9 cutt+ ^u ! o!r4 ,if1 9 cutt+ or 9 reunit+ ! sep>ate packets1 a c>d is expos$1 ! pack mu/ be re%uffl$ & cut aga92 if !re is any confusion ( ! c>ds or d\bt z to ! place :]e ! pack 0 sep>at$1 !re mu/ be a new cut4 ,,law ,,iii4--,,deal+4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,:5 ! pack has be5 prop]ly cut & reunit$1 ! c>ds mu/ be dealt1 "o at a "t1 face d[n1 f ! top ( ! pack1 ! fir/ to ! play] at ! left ( ! deal]1 & ea* successive c>d to ! play] at ! left ( ! "o to :om ! la/ prec$+ c>d has be5 dealt4 ,! la/1 :i* is ! trump c>d1 mu/ be turn$ & plac$ face up on ! tray1 if "o is us$2 o!rwise1 at ! "r ( ! deal]4 ,,sec4 #b4 ,!re mu/ be a new deal-- 7a7 ,if any c>d except ! la/ is fac$ or expos$ 9 any way 9 deal+2 7b7 ,if ! pack is prov$ incorrect or imp]fect2 7c7 ,if ei!r m or less ?an ?irte5 c>ds are dealt to any play]2 7d7 ,if1 aft] ! fir/ trick has be5 turn$ & quitt$ on ! orig9al play ( a deal1 "o or m c>ds are f\nd to h be5 left 9 ! tray4 ,,law ,,iv4--,,! ,,trump ,,c>d4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,! trump c>d & ! numb] ( ! deal mu/ be record$1 be=e ! play beg9s1 on a slip provid$ = t purpose1 & mu/ n be else:]e record$4 ,su* slip mu/ be %[n to an adv]s>y1 !n turn$ face d[n & plac$ 9 ! tray1 if "o is us$4 ,,sec4 #b4 ,! deal] mu/ leave ! trump c>d face up until x is 8 turn to play to ! fir/ trick2 he mu/ take ! trump c>d into 8 h& & turn d[n ! trump slip be=e ! second trick is turn$ & quitt$4 ,,sec4 #c4 ,:5 a deal is tak5 up = ov]play1 ! deal] mu/ %[ ! trump slip to an adv]s>y1 & !reaft] ! trump slip & trump c>d %all be treat$ z 9 ! case ( an orig9al deal4 ,,sec4 #d4 ,aft] ! trump c>d has be5 lawfully tak5 into ! h& & ! trump slip turn$ face d[n1 ! trump c>d mu/ n be nam$ nor ! trump slip exam9$ dur+ ! play ( ! deal2 a play] may1 h[ev]1 ask :at ! trump suit is4 ,,sec4 #e4 ,if a play] unlawfully looks at ! trump slip1 8 highe/ or l[e/ trump may be call$2 if a play] unlawfully names ! trump c>d1 or unlawfully %[s ! trump slip to 8 p>tn]1 8 p>tn]'s highe/ or l[e/ trump may be call$4 ,,sec4 #f4 ,^! p5alties c be inflict$ by ei!r adv]s>y at any "t dur+ ! play ( ! deal 9 :i* !y are incurr$ be=e ! play] f :om ! call c be made has play$ to ! curr5t trick2 ! call may be repeat$ at ea* or any trick until ! c>d is play$1 b _c be *ang$4 ,,sec4 #g4 ,:5 a deal has be5 play$ ! c>ds ( ! respective play]s1 includ+ ! trump c>d1 mu/ be plac$ 9 ! tray face d[n & ! trump slip plac$ face up on top ( ! deal]'s c>ds4 ,,sec4 #h4 ,if on ! ov]play ( a deal1 ! deal] turns a trump c>d o!r ?an ! "o record$ on ! trump slip1 & su* error is discov]$ & correct$ be=e ! play ( ! deal is comm5c$1 ! c>d turn$ 9 error is liable to be call$4 ,,sec4 #i4 ,if su* error is n correct$ until aft] ! ov]play has begun & m ?an two tables are engag$ 9 play1 ! play]s at t table %all take ! av]age score = ! deal2 if less ?an ?ree tables are 9 play !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,,sec4 #aj4 ,%\ld a play] record on ! trump slip a diff]5t trump f "o turn$ 9 deal+ & ! error be discov]$ at ! next table1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if ! deal has be5 play$ at "o or m tables ) ! wrong trump1 ! record$ trump mu/ be tak5 z correct & ! play]s at ! orig9al table take ! av]age score = ! deal2 if less ?an ?ree tables are 9 play1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,,sec4 #aa4 ,by ! unanim\s cons5t ( ! play]s 9 any mat*1 a trump suit may be decl>$ & no trump turn$4 ,,law ,v4--,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,! ,,h&4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,if1 on ! ov]play1 a play] is f\nd to h m ?an 8 correct numb] ( c>ds or ! trump c>d is n 9 ! deal]'s h&1 or any c>d except ! trump c>d is s fac$ z to expose any ( ! pr9t+ on its face1 & less ?an ?ree tables are engag$1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if m ?an two tables are 9 play1 ! h&s mu/ be rectifi$ & !n pass$ to ! next table2 ! table at :i* ! error 0 discov]$ mu/ n ov]play ! deal b %all take ! av]age score4 ,,sec4 #b4 ,if aft] ! fir/ trick has be5 turn$ & quitt$ on ! ov]play ( a deal1 a play] is f\nd to h less ?an 8 correct numb] ( c>ds1 & ! o!rs h _! correct numb]1 su* play] %all be answ]able = ! miss+ c>d or c>ds & = any revoke or revokes :i* he has made by reason ( its or _! abs5ce4 ,,law ,,vi4--,,play+1 ,,turn+ ,,& ,,quitt+ ,,! ,,c>ds4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,ea* play] :5 x is 8 turn to play1 mu/ place 8 c>d face up be=e him & t[>ds ! c5t] ( ! table & all[ x to rema9 9 ?is position until all h play$ to ! trick1 :5 he mu/ turn x ov] & place its face d[n & ne>] to himself1 plac+ ea* successive c>d z he turns x1 s t x ov]laps ! la/ c>d play$ by him & ) ! ends t[>ds ! w9n]s ( ! trick4 ,aft] he has play$ 8 c>d & also aft] he has turn$ x1 he mu/ quit x by remov+ 8 h&4 ,,sec4 #b4 ,! c>ds mu/ be left 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y 7 play$ & quitt$ until ! scores = ! deal are record$4 ,,sec4 #c4 ,dur+ ! play ( a deal a play] mu/ n pick up or turn ano!r play]'s c>d4 ,,sec4 #d4 ,be=e a trick is turn$ & quitt$ any play] may require any ( ! o!r play]s to %[ ! face ( ! c>d play$ to t trick4 ,,sec4 #e4 ,if a play] names a c>d ( a trick :i* has be5 turn$ & quitt$ or turns or raises any su* c>d s t any portion ( its face c be se5 by himself or 8 p>tn] he is liable to ! same p5alty z if he _h l$ out ( turn4 ,,law ,,vii4--,,c>ds ,,liable ,,to ,,be ,,call$4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,! foll[+ c>ds are liable to be call$3 7a7 ,e c>d s plac$ ^u ! table z to expose any ( ! pr9t+ on its face1 except su* c>ds z ^! laws specifically provide1 %all n be s liable4 7b7 ,e c>d s held by a play] z to expose any ( ! pr9t+ on its face to 8 p>tn] or to bo? ( 8 adv]s>ies at ! same "t4 7c7 ,e c>d1 except ! trump c>d1 nam$ by ! play] hold+ x4 ,,sec4 #b4 ,if a play] says4 8,i c w9 ! re/10 8,! re/ are ours10 8,x makes no diff]5ce h[ y play10 or words to t effect1 or if he plays or exposes 8 rema9+ c>ds be=e 8 p>tn] has play$ to ! curr5t trick1 8 p>tn]'s c>ds mu/ be laid face up on ! table & are liable to be call$4 ,,sec4 #c4 ,all c>ds liable to be call$ mu/ be plac$ face up on ! table & s left until play$4 ,a play] mu/ lead or play !m :5 lawfully call$1 provid$ he c d s )\t revok+2 ! call may be repeat$ at ea* or any trick until ! c>d is play$4 ,a play] _c1 h[ev]1 be prev5t$ f lead+ or play+ a c>d liable to be call$2 if he c get rid ( x 9 ! c\rse ( a play no p5alty rema9s4 ,,sec4 #d4 ,! hold] ( a c>d liable to be call$ c be requir$ to play x only by ! adv]s>y on 8 "r4 ,if su* adv]s>y plays )\t call+ x1 ! hold] may play to t trick z he pleases4 ,if x is ! hold]'s turn to lead1 ! c>d mu/ be call$ be=e ! prec$+ trick has be5 turn$ & quitt$1 or be=e ! hold] has l$ a diff]5t c>d2 o!rwise he may lead z he pleases4 ,,law ,,viii4--,,lead+ ,,out ,,( ,,turn4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,if a play] leads :5 x is ! turn ( an adv]s>y to lead1 & ! error is discov]$ be=e all h play$ to su* lead1 a suit may be call$ f him or f 8 p>tn]1 z ! case may be1 ! fir/ "t !reaft] x is ! "r ( ei!r ( !m to lead4 ,! p5alty c be en=c$ only by ! adv]s>y on ! "r ( ! "o f :om a lead c lawfully be call$1 & ! "r !reto is lo/ unless su* adv]s>y calls ! suit he desires l$ be=e ! fir/ trick won by ! (f5d] or 8 p>tn] subsequ5t to ! (f5ce is turn$ & quitt$4 ,,sec4 #b4 ,if a play] leads :5 x is 8 p>tn]'s turn & ! error is discov]$ be=e all h play$ to su* lead1 a suit may at once be call$ f ! prop] lead] by 8 "r-h& adv]s>y4 ,until ! p5alty has be5 exact$1 waiv$ or =feit$1 ! prop] lead] mu/ n lead2 %\ld he s lead1 ! c>d l$ by him is liable to be call$4 ,,sec4 #c4 ,if a play] :5 call$ on to lead a suit has none ( x1 he may lead z he pleases4 ,,sec4 #d4 ,if all h n play$ to a lead out ( turn :5 ! error is discov]$1 ! c>d errone\sly l$ & all c>ds play$ to su* lead are n liable to be call$1 & mu/ be tak5 into ! h&4 ,,law ,,ix4--,,play+ ,,out ,,( ,,turn4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,if ! ?ird h& plays be=e ! second1 ! f\r? h& may also play be=e ! second4 ,,sec4 #b4 ,if ! ?ird h& has n play$ & ! f\r? h& plays be=e ! second1 ! latt] may be call$ ^u by ! ?ird h& to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ c>d ( ! suit l$1 &1 if he has none ( t suit1 to trump or n trump ! trick2 ! p5alty _c be inflict$ aft] ! ?ird h& has play$ to ! trick4 ,if ! play] liable to ?is p5alty plays be=e x has be5 inflict$1 waiv$ or lo/1 ! c>d s play$ is liable to be call$4 ,,law ,x4--,,! ,,revoke4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,a r5\nce 9 error may be correct$ by ! play] mak+ x1 except 9 ! foll[+ cases1 9 :i* a revoke is e/abli%$ & ! p5alty !re=e incurr$3 7a7 ,:5 ! trick 9 :i* x occurs has be5 turn$ & quitt$4 7b7 ,:5 ! r5\nc+ play] or 8 p>tn]1 :e!r 9 8 "r turn or o!rwise1 has l$ or play$ to ! foll[+ trick4 ,,sec4 #b4 ,at any "t be=e ! trick is turn$ & quitt$ a play] may ask an adv]s>y if he has any ( a suit1 to :i* su* adv]s>y has r5\nc$ 9 t trick1 & c require ! error to be correct$ 9 case su* adv]s>y is f\nd to h any ( su* suit4 ,,sec4 #c4 ,if a play]1 :o has r5\nc$ 9 error1 lawfully corrects 8 mi/ake1 ! c>d improp]ly play$ by him is liable to be call$1 &1 if he be ! second or ?ird h& play] & 8 left h& adv]s>y has play$ to ! trick be=e att5tion has be5 call$ to ! r5\nce1 he may be requir$ by su* adv]s>y to play 8 highe/ or 8 l[e/ c>d to ! trick 9 :i* he has r5\nc$1 & %all n play to t trick until su* adv]s>y has inflict$ or waiv$ ! p5alty4 ,any play] :o has play$ to ! trick aft] ! r5\nc+ play]1 may )draw 8 c>d & sub/itute ano!r2 a c>d s )drawn is n liable to be call$4 ,,sec4 #d4 ,! p5alty = a revoke is ! transf] ( two tricks f ! revok+ side to _! adv]s>ies4 ,if m ?an "o revoke dur+ ! play ( a deal is made by "o side1 ! p5alty = ea* revoke1 aft] ! fir/1 is ! transf] ( "o trick only4 ,! revok+ play]s _c score m1 nor _! adv]s>ies less ?an ! av]age on ! deal 9 :i* ! revoke occurs2 except t 9 no case %all ! infliction ( ! revoke p5alty deprive ! revok+ play]s ( any tricks won by !m be=e _! fir/ revoke occurs4 ,9 ,pair ,mat*es ! score %all be record$ z made1 indep5d5tly ( ! revoke p5alty1 :i* %all be sep>ately indicat$ z plus or m9us revoke 78-,r0 = ! revok+ side1 & 8,r0 = _! adv]s>ies74 ,9 su* mat*es1 ! p5alty = a revoke %all n increase ! score ( ! oppon5ts ( ! revok+ play]s above ! maximum1 z made at ! o!r tables1 on ! deal 9 :i* ! revoke occurs2 provid$1 h[ev]1 t if ! oppon5ts w9 m tricks ?an su* maximum1 indep5d5tly ( ! revoke p5alty1 _! score %all /& z made4 ,nor %all ! score ( ! revok+ play]s be r$uc$1 by ! infliction ( ! revoke p5alty1 bel[ ! m9imum s made at ! o!r tables until ! av]ages = ! mat* & ! relative scores ( ! o!r play]s h be5 det]m9$2 ! score ( ! revok+ play]s %all !n1 if necess>y1 be fur!r r$uc$1 s t 9 all cases !y %all suff] ! full p5alty z provid$ 9 ! fir/ p>agraph ( ?is section4 ,,sec4 #e4 ,a revoke _c be claim$ if ! claimant or 8 p>tn] has play$ to ! foll[+ deal1 or if bo? h left ! table at :i* ! revoke occurr$4 ,if ! revoke is discov]$ 9 season1 ! p5alty mu/ be en=c$ & _c be waiv$4 ,,sec4 #f4 ,at ! end ( ! play ( a deal ! claimants ( a revoke c exam9e all ( ! c>ds2 if any h& has be5 %uffl$ ! claim may be urg$ & prov$ if possible2 b no pro( is necess>y & ! revoke is e/abli%$ if1 aft] x has be5 claim$1 ! accus$ play] or 8 p>tn] di/urbs ! ord] ( ! c>ds be=e !y h be5 exam9$ to ! satisfaction ( ! adv]s>ies4 ,,law ,,xi4--,,miscellane\s4 ,,sec4 #a4 ,if any "o calls att5tion 9 any mann] to ! trick be=e 8 p>tn] has play$ !reto1 ! adv]s>y la/ to play to ! trick may require ! (f5d]'s p>tn] to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit l$1 &1 if he has none ( t suit1 to trump or n to trump ! trick4 ,,sec #b4 ,a play] has ! "r to rem9d 8 p>tn] t x is 8 privilege to en=ce a p5alty & also to in=m him ( ! p5alty he c en=ce4 ,,sec4 #c4 ,a play] has ! "r to prev5t 8 p>tn] f committ+ any irregul>ity1 & = t purpose1 may ask 8 p>tn] :e!r or n he has a c>d ( a suit to :i* he has r5\nc$ on a trick :i* has n be5 turn$ & quitt$4 ,,sec4 #d4 ,if ei!r ( ! adv]s>ies1 :e!r ) or )\t 8 p>tn]'s cons5t1 dem&s a p5alty to :i* !y are entitl$1 su* decision is f9al2 if ! wrong adv]s>y dem&s a p5alty or a wrong p5alty is dem&$1 or ei!r adv]s>y waives a p5alty1 none c be en=c$ except 9 case ( a revoke4 ,,sec4 #e4 ,if a play] is lawfully call$ ^u to play ! highe/ or l[e/ ( a suit1 to trump or n to trump a trick1 to lead a suit or to w9 a trick1 & unnecess>ily fails to comply1 he is liable to ! same p5alty z if he _h revok$4 ,,sec4 #f4 ,if any "o leads or plays a c>d1 & !n1 be=e 8 p>tn] has play$ to ! trick1 leads "o or m o!r c>ds1 or plays two or m c>ds toge!r1 all ( :i* are bett] ?an any ( 8 adv]s>ies hold ( ! suit1 8 p>tn] may be call$ ^u by ei!r adv]s>y to w9 ! fir/ or any subsequ5t trick to :i* any ( said c>ds are play$1 & ! rema9+ c>ds s play$ are liable to be call$4 ,= ! ,rules ( ,etiquette ( ,duplicate ,:i/1 see page #he4 ,,s+le ,,table1 ,,or ,,mnemonic ,,duplicate4 ,! laws ( ,duplicate ,:i/ gov]n :]e applicable1 except z foll[s3 ,ea* play] plays ea* deal twice1 ! second "t play+ a h& previ\sly play$ by an adv]s>y4 ,in/ead ( turn+ ! trump1 a s+le suit may be decl>$ trumps = ! game4 ,on ! ov]play1 ! c>ds may be ga!r$ into tricks in/ead ( play+ !m z requir$ by law 7,law ,,viii1 ,sec4 #a74 ,9 case ( ! discov]y ( an irregul>ity 9 ! h&s1 !re mu/ always be a new deal4 ,,mnemonic ,,duplicate ,,= ,,m ,,?an ,,"o ,,table4 ,except a conte/ play$ 9 comp>ison ) a progressive mat*1 ! replay+ ( ! c>ds by ! same play]s--8up & back10 z x is sometimes call$--is ! only possible me?od ( approximat+ to ,duplicate ,:i/ = "o table2 b :]e eight or m play]s p>ticipate1 ?is =m ( ! game is extremely undesirable1 f ! elem5t ( memory ent]+ into ! replay & de/roy+ ! integrity ( ! game & its value z a te/ ( ,:i/ skill4 ,x has be5 well describ$ z 8a mongrel game--p>tly ,:i/ & p>tly ,dummy1 b lack+ 9 ! be/ features ( ea*40 ,9 ! e>ly days ( ,duplicate ,:i/1 ,mnemonic ,duplicate 01 to "s ext5t1 play$ ev5 :5 sev]al tables ( play]s 7 p>ticipat+4 ,x /ill survives 9 a few circles1 *iefly :]e ,duplicate ,:i/ has nev] be5 tri$4 ,x c be play$ "u any ( ! ,duplicate ,:i/ s*$ules by play+ !m ?r\gh twice--! second "t ) ! ,nor? & ,s\? h&s giv5 to ! ,ea/ & ,we/ play]s1 & vice v]sa4 ,z ea* deal is play$ twice by ea* pair1 d\ble ! "t is requir$ to play ! same numb] ( deals1 z at ,duplicate ,:i/4 ,all[ance mu/ be made = ?is 9 fix+ ! numb] ( deals to be play$4 ,! ,sn[ ,sy/em ( movem5t1 :]e practicable1 is pref]able4 ,:]e ! ,h[ell pair sy/em ( movem5t is us$1 ! scores d n require 8equat+01 z !y are equalis$ on ! replay4 ,"u o!r sy/ems1 only ! ,nor? & ,s\? scores ne$ be kept1 z ! comp>ison c be made q z readily z by direct comp>ison ( ^! scores4 ,,dummy4 ,!re are ?ree =ms ( ,dummy3 ,! ,engli% game1 = ?ree play]s2 ! ,fr5* game1 = ?ree or f\r3 & ! game n[ g5]ally kn[n z ,bridge1 or ,bridge ,:i/4 ,dummy is n recogniz$ 9 any =m by ! ,am]ican ,:i/ ,league1 & !re are no ,am]ican ,laws gov]n+ x4 ,we %all describe ea* v>iety ( ! game 9 its turn2 beg9n+ ) ! ,engli%4 ,c>ds4 ,,engli% ,,dummy1 is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 rank+ z at :i/ bo? = cutt+ & play+4 ,two packs are g5]ally us$4 ,m>k]s are necess>y1 & are ( ! same patt]ns z ^? us$ 9 :i/4 ,play]s4 ,accord+ to ! ,engli% usage1 ,dummy is play$ by ?ree p]sons1 & ! table is complete ) t numb]4 ,!y cut = p>tn]s & = ! deal2 ! play] cutt+ ! l[e/ c>d takes dummy = ! fir/ rubb]2 ! "o cutt+ ! next l[e/ takes dummy = ! second rubb]2 & ! "o cutt+ ! highe/ takes x = ! la/ rubb]4 ,x is consid]$ obligatory to play ?ree rubb]s1 9 ord] t ea* may h :atev] advantage or disadvantage may be suppos$ to atta* to ! dummy4 ,! ?ree rubb]s s play$ are call$ a ,t\rne4 ,x is sometimes agre$ t "o play] %all take dummy cont9u\sly1 on condition t he conc$es to 8 adv]s>ies "o po9t 9 ea* rubb]4 ,:5 ?is is done1 ! l>ge/ rubb] t ! dummy's p>tn] c w9 is "o ( sev52 & he may w9 no?+2 :]eas 8 adv]s>ies may w9 a rubb] ( n9e1 & mu/ w9 at lea/ two4 ,?is concession ( a po9t is n made1 z _m imag9e1 because x is an advantage to h ! 7dummy7 p>tn]'s h& expos$2 b because x is an advantage to h ! play]'s h& conceal$4 ,he kn[s ! collective cont5ts ( ! adv]s>ies' h&s2 ea* ( !m kn[s only ! cont5ts ( dummy's h& & 8 own4 ,cutt+4 ,! play] cutt+ ! l[e/ c>d has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds2 b he mu/ deal ! fir/ h& = 8 dummy2 n = himself4 ,! me?ods ( spread+1 cutt+1 decid+ ties1 etc41 describ$ 9 connection ) :i/1 are ^? employ$ 9 dummy4 ,position ( ! ,play]s4 ,! play]s are di/+ui%$1 z at :i/1 by ! two fir/ & la/ lett]s ( ! alphabet1 & _! positions at ! table are indicat$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,!re is no m>k to di/+ui% ! dummy h&2 a defect :i* is rem$i$ 9 ! ,fr5* sy/em4 ,deal+4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( a rubb]1 dummy's p>tn] pres5ts ! pack to 8 left-h& adv]s>y to be cut1 & deals f "r to left1 beg9n+ ) ! play] on 8 "r1 & turn+ up ! la/ c>d = dummy's trump4 ,:5 two packs are us$1 !re is no rule z to :i* play] %all collect & %uffle ! /ill pack4 ,on ?is po9t ! ,fr5* rules are v explicit4 ,! g5]al rules ) reg>d to irregul>ities 9 ! deal are ! same z at :i/4 ,! c>ds hav+ be5 dealt1 x is usual = dummy's p>tn] to take up & sort ! dummy fir/4 ,!re are sev]al ways ( lay+ out dummy's h&2 ! mo/ common be+ to run ! suits d[n 9 r[s1 ) ! turn-up across & to ! "r ( ! o!r trumps1 if any4 ,illu/ration3 ,trump4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,spread+ ,,dummy',s ,,c>ds4 ,/akes4 ,! rem>ks made on ?is subject 9 connection ) :i/ apply equally to dummy4 ,dummy's p>tn] mu/ pay to1 or receive f ea* adv]s>y ! am\nt agre$4 ,me?od ( ,play+4 ,! g5]al me?od ( play+ is id5tical ) t ( :i/1 ) ! foll[+ exceptions3-- ,:5 x is dummy's turn to play1 8 p>tn] selects ! c>d4 ,! ,revoke4 ,= ?is dummy is n liable to any p5alty1 z 8 adv]s>ies c see 8 c>ds4 ,ev5 %\ld ! revoke be occasion$ by dummy's c>ds be+ dis>rang$1 or "o ( !m cov]$ up1 ! adv]s>ies %\ld be z able to detect ! error z ! p>tn]4 ,%\ld dummy's h& revoke1 x _c be rem$i$ aft] ! trick 9 :i* x occurs has be5 turn$ & quitt$2 & ! game mu/ proce$ z if no revoke _h occurr$4 ,all ! p5alties = a revoke may be en=c$ aga9/ dummy's p>tn]1 %\ld he r5\nce 9 error1 & n correct x 9 "t4 ,!re be+ no ,am]ican laws = dummy1 ! ,engli% p5alty ( ?ree tricks or ?ree po9ts may be en=c$1 & ! revok+ play] _c w9 ! game t h&4 ,c>ds ,play$ 9 ,error4 ,dummy's p>tn] is n liable to any p5alty = c>ds dropp$ face upw>ds on ! table1 or two or m play$ at once1 because x is obvi\s t ,dummy _c ga9 any advantage f su* expos$ c>ds4 ,lead+ out ( ,turn4 ,%\ld ei!r dummy or 8 p>tn] lead out ( turn1 ! adv]s>ies may call a suit f ! "o t %\ld h l$4 ,x %\ld be notic$ t if x 0 n ! turn ( ei!r to lead1 !re is no p5alty2 = nei!r c h ga9$ any advantage f kn[+ :at suit ! o!r wi%$ to lead1 or f ! expos$ c>d4 ,%\ld all h play$ to ! errone\s lead1 ! error _c be correct$1 & no p5alty rema9s4 ,! me?ods ( ,tak+ ,tricks2 ,scor+2 ,claim+ & ,c\nt+ ,hon\rs2 ,m>k+ ,rubb] ,po9ts1 etc41 are ! same z 9 :i/1 & ! c\nt]s are us$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,cutt+ ,out4 ,z already obs]v$1 !re is no *ange ( p>tn]s1 or ( ! rotation ( ! deal1 until ! completion ( a rubb]2 b at ! beg9n+ ( ea* rubb]1 dummy mu/ deal ! fir/ h&4 ,%\ld "o side w9 ! fir/ two games 9 any rubb]1 ! ?ird is n play$4 ,at ! end ( ! t\rne1 %\ld any play] wi% to retire1 & ano!r (f] to take 8 place1 ! c>ds mu/ be %uffl$ & cut z at ! beg9n+2 a play]'s position 9 "o t\rne giv+ him no rights 9 ! next4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! ,engli% game to recognize t !re may be m ?an ?ree c&idates = dummy2 z x is suppos$ t if f\r 7 pres5t1 !y w\ld pref] play+ :i/4 ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play4 ,z ^! are equally prop] to any =m ( dummy1 we %all po/pone _! consid]ation until we h describ$ ! o!r v>ieties ( ! game2 ,fr5* dummy1 & ,bridge2 giv+ !m all at ! end ( ! *apt] on 8,bridge40 ,,d\ble ,,dummy4 ,,c>ds4 ,d\ble ,dummy is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 rank+ z at :i/ bo? = cutt+ & play+4 ,two packs are g5]ally us$4 ,,m>k]s are necess>y1 & are ( ! same description z ^? us$ 9 :i/4 ,,play]s4 ,accord+ to ! ,engli% usage1 d\ble dummy is play$ by two p]sons1 & ! table is complete ) t numb]4 ,,cutt+4 ,! play]s cut = ! deal2 ! play] cutt+ ! l[e/ c>d deals = 8 dummy fir/1 & has ! *oice ( sitt+ to ! "r or left ( 8 oppon5t4 ,x is usual to select ! seat on ! "r ( ! liv+ play]1 because x is possible t "o may =get :e!r or n c]ta9 c>ds h be5 play$1 & "u su* circum/ances x is bett] to lead up to an expos$ h& ?an to "o ^: cont5ts y are n sure (4 ,! me?ods ( spread+1 cutt+1 decid+ ties1 etc41 are ! same z ^? employ$ at :i/4 ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,play]s4 ,x is n usually consid]$ necess>y to di/+ui% ! play]s fur!r ?an to indicate :i* h& _h ! orig9al lead4 ,= ?is purpose ! :i/ notation is us$1 ,a be+ ! lead]1 & ,z ! deal]4 ,illu/ration3 ,y --- ,,orig9al ,,lead]1 ,a ,b --- ,z ,,deal+4 ,:5 two packs are us$1 ! /ill pack %\ld be %uffl$ by ! non-deal]1 & plac$ on ! left ( ! play] or dummy ^: turn x w be to deal next4 ,! g5]al rules ) reg>d to irregul>ities 9 ! deal are ! same z 9 :i/4 ,! c>ds be+ dealt1 x is usual to sort ! dummy h&s fir/1 runn+ ! suits d[n 9 r[s1 ) ! turn-up trump across1 & to ! "r ( ! o!rs4 ,,/akes4 ,! rem>ks already made on ?is subject 9 connection ) :i/ & dummy1 apply equally to d\ble dummy1 except t !re is no d\ble paym5t2 b ea* play] w9s f or loses to 8 liv+ adv]s>y ! unit agre$ ^u4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,?is s closely resembles dummy z to ne$ no fur!r description4 ,nei!r dummy c revoke1 & !re are no su* ?+s z expos$ c>ds1 or c>ds play$ 9 error4 ,x is v common = "o play] to claim t he w w9 a c]ta9 numb] ( tricks1 & = 8 adv]s>y to admit x1 & all[ him to score !m1 )\t play+ ! h& out4 ,,lead+ ,,out ,,( ,,turn4 ,%\ld ei!r ( ! dummies or ! play]s lead out ( turn1 ! adv]s>y may call a suit f ! "o t ought to h l$2 b if x 0 ! turn ( nei!r1 !re is no p5alty4 ,if all f\r h play$ to ! trick1 ! error _c be correct$1 & no p5alty rema9s4 ,! me?ods ( ,tak+ ,tricks2 ,scor+2 ,claim+ & ,c\nt+ ,hon\rs2 ,m>k+ ,rubb] ,po9ts1 etc41 are ! same z 9 :i/1 & ! c\nt]s are us$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,,rubb]s4 ,if ! fir/ two games are won by ! same play] & 8 dummy1 ! ?ird is n play$4 ,t\rnes are n play$1 & ! completion ( ! rubb] breaks up ! table4 ,,cutt+ ,,94 ,! table be+ complete ) two1 at ! end ( a rubb] a new table mu/ be =m$4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,! play] %\ld fir/ c>efully exam9e ! expos$ h&s1 & by comp>+ !m ) 8 own1 suit by suit1 %\ld fix 9 8 m9d ! c>ds held by 8 liv+ adv]s>y4 ,?is takes "t1 & 9 _m places x is ! cu/om to expose ! f\r h&s ^u ! table4 ,play]s :o h bett] memories ?an _! oppon5ts object to ?is1 = ! same reason t !y pref] sitt+ on ! "r ( ! liv+ play]4 ,x is n at all uncommon = a play] to =get t c]ta9 c>ds h be5 play$1 to 8 v s]i\s loss4 ,! h&s once fix$ 9 ! m9d1 "s "t %\ld be giv5 to a c>eful consid]ation ( ! be/ c\rse to pursue2 aft] :i* ! play %\ld proce$ pretty rapidly until ! la/ few tricks1 :5 ano!r problem may pres5t itself4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! game beyond ! skilful use ( ! t5ace position1 disc>d+1 & e/abli%+ cross-ruffs4 ,analysis is ! m5tal p[] *iefly engag$4 ,!re are no su* ?+s z inf]5ces1 false c>ds1 f9esse1 und]play1 speculative trump leads1 or judgm5t ( human nature4 ,! practice ( ! game is totally diff]5t f any o!r =m ( :i/1 & mu* m closely resembles *ess4 ,! laws ( ,dummy w be f\nd at ! end ( ! ,engli% ,:i/ ,laws4 ,,humbug ,,:i/4 ,?is is a v>iation on d\ble dummy1 9 :i* two play]s sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,! deal & seats are cut = 9 ! usual mann]2 f\r h&s ( ?irte5 c>ds ea* are dealt1 & ! la/ c>d is turn$ = trump4 ,ea* play] exam9es ! h& dealt to him1 )\t t\*+ ^? to 8 "r or left4 ,if he is cont5t ) 8 h&1 he ann\nces x1 if n1 he may ex*ange x = ! "o on 8 "r4 ,9 case ( ex*ange1 ! disc>d$ h& is plac$ on ! table face d[n2 & ! o!r tak5 up & play$4 ,if a play] reta9s ! h& orig9ally dealt him1 he mu/ n look at ! o!rs4 ,if ! deal] ex*anges1 he loses ! turn-up c>d1 b ! trump suit rema9s ! same4 ,ea* play] deals = himself 9 turn1 !re be+ no deal = ! dead h&s4 ,:i/ laws gov]n ! deal & its errors4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! deal]'s adv]s>y has ! fir/ lead2 ! o!r mu/ foll[ suit if he c1 & ! highe/ c>d ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick4 ,trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,,scor+4 ,ea* trick above six c\nts "o po9t t[>ds game4 ,( ! f\r hon\rs1 ,a ,k ,q ,j ( trumps1 if ea* play] holds two1 nei!r c c\nt4 ,b if "o play] has only "o hon\r1 or none1 ! o!r c\nts #b po9ts = two hon\rs1 if he holds !m2 #c po9ts = ?ree2 & #d po9ts = f\r4 ,! hon\rs c\nt t[>ds game z 9 :i/4 ,! p5alty = a revoke is ?ree tricks1 & x takes prec$5ce ( o!r scores2 tricks c\nt next1 hon\rs la/4 ,five po9ts is game4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,x is consid]$ be/ = a play] n f9d+ f\r reasonably sure tricks 9 8 h& to ex*ange2 = !re is a c]ta9 advantage to be ga9$ by kn[+ ?irte5 c>ds :i* _c be 9 ! adv]s>y's h&4 ,be=e *ang+1 ! play] %\ld fix 9 8 memory ! exact c>ds ( ea* suit 9 ! h& :i* he is ab\t to disc>d4 ,by comb9+ 8 k ( !m ) 8 own c>ds1 he may (t5 be able to direct 8 play to advantage4 ,beyond ?is !re is little skill 9 ! game4 ,a v>iation is sometimes made by ! deal] ann\nc+ a trump suit aft] he has exam9$ 8 h&1 in/ead ( turn+ up ! la/ c>d4 ,8 adv]s>y !n has ! "r ei!r to play 8 h&1 or to ex*ange x = ! "o on 8 "r2 b ! deal] mu/ play ! h& dealt to him4 ,,?irte5 ,,& ,,! ,,odd4 ,?is is ,humbug ,:i/ )\t ! disc>d4 ,! deal] gives ?irte5 c>ds to 8 adv]s>y & to himself1 "o at a "t1 & turns up ! next = ! trump4 ,! trump c>d belongs to nei!r play]4 ,! w9n] ( ! odd trick scores a po9t4 ,five po9ts is game4 ,,mort4 ,,:i/ ,,trois2 ,,or ,,fr5* ,,dummy4 ,,mort means simply ! dead h&2 & is ! equival5t ( ! ,engli% ^w ,dummy2 ! p>tn] be+ kn[n z ,vivant1 or ! liv+ h&4 ,9 ^! words ! ,engli% usually s\nd ! t1 z !y d 9 su* words z piquet1 & valet4 ,,c>ds4 ,mort is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 rank+ z at :i/ = cutt+ & play+4 ,two packs are g5]ally us$4 ,,m>k]s are necess>y to c\nt ! game po9ts only4 ,f\r circul> c\nt]s = ea* side1 pref]ably ( diff]5t col\rs1 are employ$1 or ! ord9>y :i/ m>k]s may be us$4 ,at ! end ( ea* game1 ! score ( ! po9ts won or lo/ by ea* play] mu/ be transf]r$ to a score-%eet1 kept = t purpose4 ,,play]s4 ,mort is play$ by ?ree p]sons2 b ! table is usually compos$ ( f\r4 ,if !re are m ?an f\r c&idates1 ! me?ods describ$ 9 connection ) :i/ are adopt$ = decid+ :i* f\r %all play ! fir/ t\rne4 ,! table be+ =m$1 ! c>ds are aga9 %uffl$ & spread to cut = p>tn]s & deal4 ,,ties are decid$ 9 ! same mann] z at :i/4 ,,cutt+4 ,if !re are ?ree play]s1 ! "o cutt+ ! l[e/ c>d takes dummy = ! fir/ game2 he also has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds1 & may deal ! fir/ h& = himself or = ,mort1 z he pleases2 b hav+ once made 8 *oice1 he mu/ abide by x4 ,! play] cutt+ ! int]m$iate c>d takes dummy = ! second game2 & ! play] cutt+ ! highe/ c>d takes x = ! ?ird game2 ea* 9 turn hav+ ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,^! ?ree games f9i% ! rubb] or t\rne1 ea* hav+ once _h ! advantage or disadvantage ( play+ ) ,mort4 ,x is obligatory to f9i% ! t\rne1 no play] be+ all[$ to )draw & sub/itute ano!r )\t ! cons5t ( ! o!r play]s4 ,9 ,mort x is v unusual = "o p]son to take dummy cont9u\sly4 ,if !re are f\r play]s1 ! "o cutt+ ! highe/ c>d ( ! f\r sits out1 & takes no "p 9 ! fir/ game4 ,x is cu/om>y = him to take ,mort's seat1 & to make himself useful 9 sort+ dummy's c>ds = him4 ,he plays 9 ! ?ree foll[+ games1 tak+ ,mort 9 ! f\r?1 or la/4 ,f\r games complete ! t\rne = f\r play]s4 ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,play]s4 ,! play]s or h&s are di/+ui%$ by ! lett]s1 ,m1 ,v1 ,l1 & ,r2 :i* /& respectively = ,mort1 ,vivant1 ,left1 & ,"r4 ,! ,mort is ! dead h&1 :i* is turn$ face up on ! table4 ,! ,vivant is 8 p>tn]1 :o sits opposite him1 & plays 8 c>ds = him4 ,! ,left & ,"r are ! adv]s>ies :o sit on ! left & "r ( ,mort4 ,special att5tion mu/ be call$ to ! use ( ! t]m adv]s>ies 9 any description ( ,mort4 ,x is us$ exclusively to designate ! two p>tn]s oppos$ to ! ,mort & ,vivant4 ,9 all o!r cases :]e opposition is impli$1 ! t]m oppon5ts mu/ be us$4 ,:5 necess>y to di/+ui% ! deal] f ! fir/1 second1 or ?ird h&1 x is usual to add ! lett]s employ$ = t purpose 9 :i/2 plac+ !m inside ! diagram ( ! table1 ?us3-- ,illu/ration3 ,v --------- z ,l b a ,r y --------- ,m ,?is diagram %[s t ,vivant dealt1 & t ! adv]s>y on ! ,"r ( ,mort _h ! orig9al lead4 ,) ,?ree ,play]s4 ,vivant hav+ select$ 8 seat & c>ds1 ! adv]s>ies may select _! seats4 ,x is usual = ! /ronge/ adv]s>y to sit ,"r4 ,) ,f\r ,play]s1 we c be/ describe ! arrangem5t by numb]+ !m #a1 #b1 #c1 & #d1 respectively1 ! l[e/ numb]1 #a1 hav+ cut ! l[e/ c>d1 & ! o!rs hav+ ! "r to play ,vivant 9 _! num]ical ord]4 ,! initial arrangem5t w\ld be z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 #d #d --------- --------- ,mort4 ,mort4 #b #c or ?is3-- #c #b ,vivant4 ,vivant4 --------- --------- #a #a ,= ! ?ree succe$+ games ! arrangem5t w\ld be3-- ,illu/ration3 #a #b #c --------- --------- --------- ,mort4 ,mort4 ,mort4 #c #d #d #a #a #b ,vivant4 ,vivant4 ,vivant4 --------- --------- --------- #b #c #d ,x w be se5 t ea* play]1 imm$iately aft] be+ ,vivant1 sits out1 or takes ,mort's place1 = ! next game4 ,,deal+4 ,x is usual = ,vivant to deal ! fir/ h& = himself1 z ! disadvantage ( expos+ f\rte5 c>ds is m ?an comp5sat$ = 9 compell+ ! adv]s>y to op5 ! game by lead+ up to an unkn[n h&4 ,if ,vivant deals ! fir/ h& = ,mort1 he mu/ pres5t ! pack to ! play] on dummy's "r to be cut1 & deal ! c>ds f "r to left1 turn+ up ! trump at ,mort's place4 ,if he deals = himself1 he pres5ts ! pack to ! pone to be cut1 & proce$s z 9 :i/4 ,:5 two packs are us$1 ! ,fr5* laws require t if ! deal is = ,mort1 ! ,"r %all ga!r & %uffle ! /ill pack2 & t if ,vivant deals = himself1 ! pone %all ga!r & %uffle4 ,i h f\nd ?is to be awkw>d1 because ! play] :o is ga!r+ & %uffl+ ! c>ds ( "o pack is call$ ^u to cut ! o!r4 ,= ?is reason ,i recomm5d t :i*ev] adv]s>y is ! pone = ! deal 9 h&s %\ld all[ 8 p>tn] to ga!r & %uffle ! /ill pack4 ,:5 ei!r adv]s>y deals1 8 p>tn] w1 ( c\rse1 ga!r & %uffle ! /ill pack4 ,! g5]al rules ) reg>d to irregul>ities 9 ! deal are ! same z at :i/1 ) ! foll[+ exceptions3-- ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal unless ! oppon5ts s elect2 !y may pref] a new deal by ! same deal]4 ,! reason = ?is is t ! deal is a disadvantage1 especially = ,mort4 ,if ,vivant or ,mort (f]s ! pack to "o adv]s>y to cut1 & !n deals z if ! o!r _h cut1 x is a misdeal2 & x is n admissible to %ift ! packets 9 ord] to rem$y matt]s4 ,x might be imag9$ t a c>d expos$ 9 deal+1 if dealt to ,mort1 w\ld make no diff]5ce1 z all 8 c>ds w pres5tly be expos$4 ,b ! laws give ! oppon5ts ( ! deal] ! option ( ei!r all[+ ! deal to /&1 or hav+ a new deal1 or call+ x a misdeal4 ,accord+ to ! ,fr5* laws1 if !re is any discussion 9 progress ) reg>d to ! previ\s h& or play1 ! deal] may lay aside ! trump c>d1 face d[n1 until ! discussion is f9i%$4 ,if ?is law prevail$ 9 ,am]ica1 ,i ?9k ! trump w\ld v seldom be turn$ imm$iately4 ,,/akes4 ,9 ,mort ! /ake is a unit1 s mu* a po9t4 ,x may assi/ play]s 9 regulat+ ! value ( ! /ake to rememb] t six is ! smalle/ numb] ( po9ts t c be won or lo/ on a s+le game1 & t ?irty-sev5 is probably ! highe/1 al?\gh fifty1 or ev5 a hundr$ is n impossible4 ,! av]age is ab\t twelve4 ,! same cu/oms z at :i/ prevail ) reg>d to outside bett+4 ,! ,vivant mu/ pay or receive d\ble1 z he has to settle ) ea* adv]s>y4 ,if f\r play1 ! "o sitt+ out has no?+ to d ) ! /akes2 b he may make outside wag]s on ! result ( ! game4 ,,! ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+ is practically ! same z at :i/1 ) ! foll[+ exceptions3-- ,:5 x is ! turn ( ,mort to play1 ,vivant selects ! c>d = him4 ,! ,revoke4 ,! rules gov]n+ ?is are ! same z ^? already giv5 = ,engli% ,dummy4 ,mort is n liable to p5alty "u any circum/ances4 ,if any o!r play] revokes1 8 oppon5ts may take ?ree po9ts f ! score ( 8 side2 or add ?ree po9ts to _! score2 or take ?ree ( 8 tricks4 ,! p5alty _c be divid$2 b if two or m revokes are made by ! same side1 ! p5alty = ea* may be en=c$ 9 a diff]5t mann]4 ,= in/ance3 ,if ! score is #c to #b 9 favor ( ! adv]s>ies1 ,vivant may take ?ree po9ts f _! score = "o revoke1 & add ?ree to 8 own score = ! o!r4 ,x is n p]missible to r$uce ! revok+ play]'s tricks to no?+4 ,at lea/ "o mu/ be left 9 ord] to prev5t slams be+ made ?r\gh revoke p5alties4 ,c>ds ,play$ 9 ,error4 ,vivant is n liable to any p5alty = dropp+ 8 c>ds face up on ! table2 b if he or ,mort plays two c>ds at once to a trick1 ! adv]s>ies may select :i* !y w all[ to be play$4 ,! adv]s>ies are subject to ! same p5alties z 9 :i/ = all c>ds play$ 9 error4 ,lead+ ,out ( ,turn4 ,if ,vivant or ,mort lead out ( turn1 ! adv]s>ies may let ! lead /&1 or dem& x be tak5 back4 ,if x 0 ! turn ( nei!r1 no p5alty c be en=c$1 & if all h play$ to ! trick1 ! error _c be correct$4 ,tak+ ,tricks4 ,! me?ods ( tak+ tricks1 & plac+ !m s t !y c be easily c\nt$1 h be5 fully describ$ 9 connection ) :i/4 ,,object ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,z 9 :i/1 ! object is to take tricks2 ! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s1 & trumps w9 aga9/ all o!r suits4 ,! fir/ six tricks tak5 by "o side1 & =m+ a book1 d n c\nt2 b all above t numb] c\nt t[>d game4 ,at ! end ( ea* h&1 ! side t has tak5 any tricks 9 excess ( ! book scores !m1 _! oppon5ts c\nt+ no?+4 ,z soon z ei!r side rea*es five po9ts1 !y w9 ! game1 b ! conclud+ h& mu/ be play$ out1 & ! w9n]s are entitl$ to score all ! po9ts ov] five t !y c make on t h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,! score is #d to #c 9 favor ( ,vivant & ,mort4 ,!y w9 ! fir/ sev5 tricks1 :i* makes !m game2 b !y d n cease play+4 ,if !y succe$ 9 ga9+ elev5 tricks out ( ! ?irte51 !y w9 a game ( #i po9ts1 in/ead ( #e4 ,z already obs]v$1 ,vivant loses or ga9s d\ble ! value ( ! po9ts 9 ea* h&4 ,9 ! ?ree-h&$ game ?is mu/ be s2 b 9 my op9ion x w\ld be a great improvem5t 9 ! f\r-h&$ game to all[ ! play] sitt+ out to %>e ! =tunes ( ! ,vivant1 z 9 ,bridge1 & 9 _m ,g]man games ( c>ds1 notably ,skat4 ,,slams4 ,! two great diff]5ces betwe5 ,fr5* & ,engli% ,dummy are t hon\rs are n c\nt$ 9 ,mort1 & t a special value is atta*$ to slams4 ,a slam is made :5 "o side takes ! ?irte5 tricks4 ,^! mu/ be actually won1 & _c be p>tly made up ( tricks tak5 9 p5alty = revokes4 ,play]s _c score a slam 9 a h& 9 :i* !y h revok$4 ,a slam c\nts #bj po9ts to ! side mak+ x2 b ^! #bj po9ts h no?+ to d ) ! game score4 ,= in/ance3 ,! score is #d all4 ,vivant & ,mort make a slam4 ,?is does n w9 ! game2 b ! #bj po9ts are debit$ & cr$it$ on ! score-%eet2 ! deal passes to ! left1 & ! game proce$s ) ! score /ill #d all1 z if no?+ _h happ5$4 ,,scor+4 ,! numb] ( po9ts won on ea* game are put d[n on ! score-%eet1 ea* side be+ cr$it$ ) ! numb] ( po9ts appe>+ on _! m>k]s :5 ! game is f9i%$4 ,to ! w9n]s' score is add$3 #c po9ts1 = a triple game1 if _! oppon5ts h n scor$2 #b po9ts1 = a d\ble game1 if _! oppon5ts are n half way1 or #a po9t1 = a simple game1 if _! oppon5ts are #c or #d4 ,9 addition to ?is1 ! w9n]s add #d po9ts1 = bonus or consolation1 9 e in/ance4 ,f ! total ?us f\nd mu/ be d$uct$ :atev] po9ts h be5 scor$ by ! los]s1 :e!r game po9ts1 slams1 or bo?4 ,= in/ance3 ,vivant & ,mort w9 a game ) ! score #h to #b 9 _! favor1 :i* is a d\ble4 ,?is is put d[n on ! score %eets ?us3-- #h #b = ! d\ble1 #d consolation1 #ad1 m9us #b scor$ by ! oppon5ts2 mak+ #ab ! net value ( ! game4 ,vivant !re=e w9s #bd po9ts1 & ea* ( ! adv]s>ies1 ,r & ,l1 lose #ab4 ,aga93-- ,r & ,l w9 a simple ) a score ( #e to #d1 ,v & ,m hav+ made a slam4 #e #a = ! simple1 #d = consolation1 #aj1 m9us #d po9ts scor$1 & #bj = ! slam #bd2 %[+ t ,r & ,l lose #ad po9ts ea*1 al?\gh !y won ! game4 ,aga93-- ,v & ,m w9 a triple1 ) a score ( #h to #j2 ,r & ,l hav+ revok$4 #h1 #c1 #d1 #c = ! revoke #ah1 f :i* !re is no?+ to d$uct4 ,! greate/ numb] ( po9ts t c be made on a game1 exclusive ( slams & revokes1 is #ag2 & ! lea/ numb] is #f4 ,,m>k+4 ,! me?ods ( us+ ! c\nt]s 9 scor+ ! game po9ts h already be5 describ$ 9 connection ) :i/4 ,,cutt+ ,,out4 ,if !re are m ?an f\r c&idates = play at ! conclusion ( a t\rne1 ! selection ( ! new table mu/ be made z if no t\rne _h be5 play$2 all hav+ equal rights to cut 94 ,,*eat+4 ,mort (f]s ev5 less opportunity to ! greek ?an :i/1 z ! deal is a disadvantage1 & no?+ is ga9$ by turn+ up an hon\r1 beyond its possession4 ,,cay5ne1 ,,or ,,cay5ne ,,:i/4 ,,c>ds4 ,cay5ne is play$ ) two full packs ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank z at ,:i/1 bo? = cutt+ & play+4 ,,m>k]s are necess>y1 & mu/ be suitable = c\nt+ to t5 po9ts4 ,a %eet ( pap] is us$ = scor+ ! results ( ! games4 ,,play]s4 ,cay5ne is play$ by f\r p]sons4 ,:5 !re are m ?an f\r c&idates = play ! selection ( ! table mu/ be made z at ,:i/4 ,p>tn]s & deal are !n cut =4 ,,cutt+4 ,"o ( ! packs hav+ be5 spread on ! table1 face d[n1 ea* ( ! f\r play]s draws a c>d2 ! two l[e/ pair+ aga9/ ! two highe/4 ,! l[e/ ( ! f\r is ! deal]1 & has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,ties are decid$ 9 ! same mann] z at ,:i/4 ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,play]s4 ,! p>tn]s sit opposite ea* o!r1 & ! play]s are di/+ui%$1 z at ,:i/1 by ! lett]s ,a-,b & ,y-,z4 ,z is ! deal]1 & ,a has ! orig9al lead4 ,,deal+4 ,"o pack ( c>ds is %uffl$ & cut z at ,:i/4 ,! deal] !n gives f\r c>ds to ea* play]1 beg9n+ on 8 left2 !n f\r m1 & f9ally five1 no trump be+ turn$4 ,9 _m places six c>ds are fir/ dealt to ea* play]1 & !n sev52 b ! #d-d-e sy/em is bett]1 & is ! rule 9 ! v simil> game ( ,bo/on4 ,! g5]al rules ) reg>d to irregul>ities 9 ! deal are ! same z at ,:i/2 except t a misdeal does n lose ! deal4 ,! misdeal] mu/ deal aga91 & ) ! same pack4 ,,cay5ne4 ,aft] ! c>ds are all dealt1 ! play] to ! left ( ! deal] cuts ! /ill pack1 :i* is %uffl$ & pres5t$ to him by ! deal]'s p>tn]1 & ! top c>d ( ! portion left on ! table is turn$ up = ,cay5ne4 ,?is c>d is n a trump1 b is simply to det]m9e ! rank ( ! suits4 ,,/akes4 ,9 ,cay5ne ! /ake is a unit1 s mu* a po9t4 ,! l>ge/ numb] ( po9ts possible to w9 on a rubb] is #bd1 & ! smalle/1 #a4 ,! result ( ! rubb] may be a tie1 :i* we consid] a defect 9 any game4 ,9 settl+ at ! end ( ! rubb] x is usual = ! los]s to pay _! "r-h& adv]s>ies4 ,,mak+ ,,! ,,trump4 ,! trump suit mu/ be nam$ by ! deal] or 8 p>tn]1 aft] !y h exam9$ _! c>ds4 ,! deal] has ! fir/ say1 & he may ei!r select cay5ne or any ( ! o!r suits2 or he may ann\nce gr&1 play+ = ! tricks )\t any trump suit2 or he may call nullo1 play+ to take z few tricks z possible1 )\t a trump suit4 ,if ! deal] makes ! *oice1 8 p>tn] mu/ abide by x2 b if he has n a h& to ju/ify him 9 decid+1 he %\ld leave ! selection to 8 p>tn]1 :o mu/ decide "o way or ! o!r4 ,! consid]ations :i* %\ld guide play]s 9 _! *oice are ! scor+ possibilities ( _! h&s1 9 tricks & 9 hon\rs4 ,z 9 ,:i/1 ! fir/ six tricks tak5 by "o side d n c\nt2 b ea* trick above t numb] c\nts "o1 two1 etc41 by c>ds4 ,!re are five hon\rs 9 ! trump suit 9 ,cay5ne2 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj2 & ! p>tn]s hold+ ! majority ( !m c\nt #a = ea* hon\r t !y hold 9 excess ( _! oppon5ts1 & #a 9 addition1 = hon\rs4 ,= in/ance3 ,if ,a-,b h ?ree hon\rs dealt !m1 !y mu/ h "o m ?an _! adv]s>ies1 & #a = hon\rs2 entitl+ !m to score #b4 ,if !y h f\r1 !y h #c 9 excess1 & #a = hon\rs1 a total ( #d4 ,if !y h five1 !y c\nt #f by hon\rs4 ,at ! end ( ! h& ! po9ts made by c>ds & by hon\rs are multipli$ by ! value ( ! trump suit4 ,?is value v>ies accord+ to ! suit :i* is cay5ne1 :i* is always fir/ pref]5ce4 ,if cay5ne is also ! trump suit ! po9ts made by c>ds & hon\rs are multipli$ by #d4 ,if ! trump suit is ! same col\r z cay5ne1 ! multipli] is #c4 ,if x is a diff]5t col\r ! multipli] is #b or #a1 accord+ to ! suit4 ,! rank ( ! suits z multipli]s w be readily und]/ood f ! foll[+ table3-- ,if ,cay5ne is ,if trumps1 multiply by #d4 ,second color is ,if trumps1 multiply by #c4 ,?ird color is ,if trumps1 multiply by #b4 ,f\r? color is ,if trumps1 multiply by #a4 ,bett] to und]/& ! importance ( consid]+ ?is v>iation 9 value :5 mak+ ! trump1 x %\ld be notic$ t al?\gh ! game is #aj po9ts1 sev]al games may be won 9 a s+le h&1 z ev]y?+ made is c\nt$1 & any po9ts ov] #aj g to ! cr$it ( ! second game4 ,if m ?an #bj po9ts are made1 ! excess goes on ! ?ird game1 & s on4 ,ano!r important po9t is ! great value atta*$ to hon\rs1 & ! mak] ( ! trump %\ld nev] =get t he c bett] af=d to risk 8 adv]s>ies w9n+ #b by c>ds ) a trump 9 :i* he has ?ree hon\rs1 ?an he c to risk a trump 9 :i* !y may h ?ree hon\rs1 & he c probably w9 only ! odd trick4 ,a fur!r elem5t may ent] into 8 calculations1 ! /ate ( ! score4 ,tricks c\nt be=e hon\rs1 & if he feels c]ta9 ( mak+1 by c>ds1 ! few po9ts necess>y to w9 ! rubb]1 he may entirely disreg>d ! hon\rs4 ,) su* a h& x w\ld be bett] to play )\t a trump1 & to ann\nce a gr&1 9 :i* !re are nei!r trumps nor hon\rs1 & e trick ov] ! book is multipli$ by #h4 ,two by c>ds at gr& is wor? m ?an two by c>ds & two by hon\rs ) any trump b cay5ne4 ,!re is /ill ano!r res\rce1 to ann\nce nullo1 9 :i* !re is no trump1 & ! object ( ! play]s is to take z few tricks z possible4 ,9 nullo1 e trick ov] ! book c\nts = ! adv]s>ies1 & is multipli$ by #h4 ,a peculi>ity ( nullo is t ! ,ace ( ea* suit ranks bel[ ! deuce1 unless ! play] hold+ x wi%es to decl>e x high] ?an ! ,k+4 ,9 ! latt] case he mu/ ann\nce x :5 he plays x1 & be=e 8 left-h& adv]s>y plays to ! trick4 ,if ! deal] transf]s ! "r ( mak+ ! trump to 8 p>tn]1 he mu/ use ! phrase1 8,y make x1 p>tn]40 ,if a play] makes ! trump out ( turn1 8 adv]s>ies may consult z to ! propriety ( dem&+ a new deal4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! trump suit1 gr&1 or nullo hav+ be5 ann\nc$1 ! play] on ! deal]'s left beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases1 & ! o!rs mu/ all foll[ suit if !y c4 ,! p5alty = a revoke is ! loss ( ?ree tricks2 or ! value ( ?ree tricks 9 po9ts2 or ! addition ( a l am\nt to ! adv]s>ies' score4 ,! side mak+ a revoke _c w9 ! game t h&1 no matt] :at !y score2 b !y may play ! h& out1 & c\nt all !y make to )9 "o po9t ( game1 or #i4 ,revok+ play]s _c c\nt po9ts = slams4 ,! rules = c>ds play$ 9 error1 lead+ out ( turn1 & all su* irregul>ities1 are ! same z 9 ,:i/4 ,! la/ trick turn$ & quitt$ may be se54 ,! me?ods ( ga!r+ & /ack+ ! tricks is ! same z at ,:i/4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! *ief object 9 ,cay5ne1 ei!r ) a trump or 9 a gr&1 is to take tricks2 9 a nullo x is n to take !m4 ,9 any case ! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick1 & trumps1 if any1 w9 aga9/ all o!r suits4 ,at ! end ( ea* h& ! side t w9s any tricks 9 excess ( ! book scores !m1 aft] multiply+ _! numb] by ! unit ( value settl$ ^u by ! ann\ncem5t4 ,if a nullo is play$ ! adv]s>ies score !m4 ,hon\rs are !n claim$2 b ! game _c be won by hon\rs alone1 z at ,:i/2 ^? hold+ hon\rs mu/ /op at ! score ( #i1 unless !y also w9 ! odd trick4 ,z soon z ei!r side rea*es or passes #aj po9ts1 !y w9 a game2 b ! h& mu/ be play$ out1 & all tricks tak5 mu/ be c\nt$4 ,if "o side goes out by c>ds1 ! o!r _c score hon\rs4 ,?irte5 tricks tak5 by "o side is call$ a slam1 & x c\nts #f po9ts4 ,twelve tricks is a little slam1 & x c\nts #d4 ,ei!r ( ^! mu/ be made exclusive ( revoke p5alties4 ,,rubb]s4 ,! rubb] is won by ! side t fir/ w9s f\r games ( t5 po9ts ea*2 & ! w9n+ side adds #h po9ts to its score4 ,,scor+4 ,! game score %\ld be kept on a :i/ m>k]1 us+ ! f\r l>ge keys on "o side = s+le po9ts1 & ! s+le l>ge key on ! opposite side = five po9ts4 ,! ?ree small keys are us$ to %[ h[ _m games ( ! rubb] h be5 won by t side4 ,illu/ration3 ,,two ,,games ,,won1 ,,& #b ,,po9ts ,,scor$ ,,on ,,! ,,?ird4 ,! me?od ( us+ c\nt]s = scor+ #aj-po9t games has already be5 describ$ 9 connection ) ,:i/4 ,9 addition to ei!r m>k]s or c\nt]s1 !re mu/ be a %eet ( pap] to keep ! f9al results ( ! games4 ,9 scor+1 ! revoke p5alty c\nts fir/1 tricks next1 & hon\rs la/4 ,! side fir/ rea*+ #aj po9ts w9s a quadruple1 or game ( #d1 if _! adv]s>ies h n scor$2 a triple1 or game ( #c1 if _! adv]s>ies h n rea*$ #d2 a d\ble1 or game ( #b1 if ! adv]s>ies h n rea*$ #g2 & a s+le1 or game ( #a1 if _! adv]s>ies are #h or #i up4 ,^! game po9ts are put d[n on ! score-%eet1 & all ! po9ts on ! adv]s>ies' m>k] are !n turn$ d[n4 ,if ! w9n]s make any po9ts 9 excess ( #aj1 su* po9ts are left to _! cr$it on ! m>k]1 & c\nt t[>d ! next game4 ,= in/ance3 ,! score is ,a-,b1 #f2 & ,y-,z1 #h2 %[n on ! m>k]s ?us3-- ,illu/ration3 ,a-,b #f ,,po9ts4 ,y-,z #h ,,po9ts4 ,let u suppose t ,z ann\nces cay5ne1 & makes #b by c>ds2 ,a-,b claim+ two by hon\rs4 ,y-,z multiply by #d1 mak+ !m #h1 & br++ _! total score on ! m>k] to #af2 t is1 a game1 & #f po9ts to _! cr$it on ! second game4 ,?is mu/ n[ be put d[n on ! score-%eet4 ,a-,b's hon\rs n c\nt+1 z ,y-,z w5t out by c>ds1 ! game is a d\ble2 ,a-,b n hav+ rea*$ #g po9ts4 ,! score & m>k]s n[ /&3-- ,a-,b #j ,score3 ,y-,z #b ,illu/ration3 ,a-,b',s1 ,,no?+4 ,y-,z',s1 #a ,,game1 #f ,,po9ts4 ,let u suppose ,a-,b to ann\nce gr& on _! deal1 & to make f\r by c>ds1 :i*1 multipli$ by #h1 gives !m #cb po9ts2 t is1 ?ree games1 & #b po9ts to _! cr$it on ! m>k]4 ,! fir/ ( ^! games is a d\ble1 ,y-,z hav+ #f po9ts up4 ,! two o!rs are quadruples1 put d[n on ! score-%eet ?us3-- ,a-,b #j #b #d #d ,score3 ,y-,z #b #j #j #j ,illu/ration3 ,a-,b',s1 #c ,,games1 #b ,,po9ts4 ,y-,z',s1 #a ,,game1 #j ,,po9ts4 ,9 ! next h& let u suppose clubs to be cay5ne4 ,y deals1 & plays 9 col\r1 spades4 ,y-,z w9 #f by c>ds1 & #d by hon\rs2 #aj po9ts multipli$ by #c1 #cj4 ,= ?is !y score ?ree games1 ! fir/ be+ a triple1 & ! o!rs quadruples4 ,^! ?ree games w9 ! rubb]1 = :i* !y add #h po9ts1 & #d po9ts = ! little slam4 ,?is is all put d[n on ! score-%eet3-- ,a-,b #j #b #d #d #j #j #j #aj ,score3 ,y-,z #b #j #j #j #c #d #d #h #d #be ,bo? scores be+ add$ up1 ! value ( ! rubb] won by ,y-,z is f\nd to be #ae1 aft] d$uct+ ! #aj po9ts made by ,a-,b4 ,,cutt+ ,,94 ,if !re are m ?an f\r p]sons belong+ to ! table1 ^? wait+ cut 91 z at ,:i/4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,*eat+4 ,9 all games 9 :i* ! c>ds are dealt 9 bulk1 f\r or six at a "t1 !re is m or less temptation = ! greek to ga!r desirable c>ds 9 ! pack1 leav+ !m undi/urb$ 9 ! %uffle4 ,if he c pick up two tricks ( ! previ\s deal ) eight good c>ds ( ! same suit 9 !m1 by plac+ any two tricks ( o!r c>ds betwe5 !m1 & deal+ six at a "t1 he c tell exactly h[ _m ( ! eight locat$ c>ds are 9 8 p>tn]'s h&4 ,= ?is reason a play] :o does n ?or\ghly %uffle ! c>ds %\ld be c>efully wat*$2 & an imm$iate prote/ %\ld be made aga9/ any dis>rangem5t ( ! tricks z !y are tak5 9 dur+ ! play1 su* z plac+ ! la/ trick tak5 "u ! fir/4 ,if ! play] do+ ?is is to be ! next deal]1 any "o obs]v+ ! movem5t %\ld insi/ ^u 8 "r to %uffle ! c>ds ?or\ghly2 if n to leave ! game4 ,we are /rongly oppos$ to deal+ ! c>ds 9 bulk at ,cay5ne1 & see no reason :y ! me?ods t prevail 9 ! v simil> game ( ,bridge %\ld n be adopt$4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,!re is little to add to ! rules already giv5 = ,:i/4 ,! pr9ciples t %\ld guide 9 ! mak+ ( ! trump h be5 giv5 9 connection ) ! m important game ( ,bridge2 & ! sugge/ions = play+ nullo w be fully discuss$ 9 ! games 9 :i* x is a prom95t *>act]i/ic3 ,solo ,:i/1 & ,bo/on4 ,gr& is practically ,:i/ aft] ! trumps are exhau/$4 ,= ! ,laws ( ,cay5ne see ,:i/ ,family ,laws4 ,,solo ,,:i/1 ,,or ,,:i/ ,,de ,,g&4 ,,c>ds4 ,solo ,:i/ is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank z at ,:i/1 bo? = cutt+ & play+4 ,two packs are g5]ally us$1 ! "o be+ %uffl$ :ile ! o!r is dealt4 ,,m>k]s are n us$ 9 ,solo ,:i/1 e h& be+ a complete game 9 itself1 :i* is imm$iately settl$ = 9 c\nt]s repres5t+ money4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! game ea* play] %\ld be provid$ ) an equal numb] ( ^! c\nt]s4 ,!y are usually :ite & r$1 ! r$ be+ wor? five times z mu* z ! :ite4 ,tw5ty :ite & sixte5 r$ is ! usual allotm5t to ea* play] :5 ! game beg9s4 ,"s "o play] %\ld be ! bank]1 to sell & r$eem all c\nt]s4 ,,play]s4 ,solo ,:i/ is play$ by f\r p]sons4 ,if !re are five c&idates = play1 !y all sit at ! same table1 ea* tak+ 8 turn to sit out = "o h& :ile ! f\r o!rs play4 ,! deal] is usually select$ to sit out4 ,if !re are only ?ree play]s1 "o suit mu/ be delet$ f ! pack1 or ! #b1 #c1 & #d ( ea* suit mu/ be ?r[n out4 ,,cutt+4 ,! table be+ =m$1 ! play]s draw f an outspread = ! deal1 & *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,! play] draw+ ! l[e/ c>d deals ! fir/ h&1 & x is usual = him to dictate to ! o!r play]s :at seats !y %all occupy ) relation to himself4 ,ties are decid$ 9 ! same mann] z at ,:i/4 ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,play]s4 ,! f\r play]s at ,solo ,:i/ are usually di/+ui%$ by ! lett]s ,a ,b ,y ,z4 ,illu/ration3 ,y ----- ,a ,b ----- ,z ,z is ! deal]1 & ,a is kn[n z ! elde/ h&4 ,! position ( ! play]s does n imply any p>tn]%ip2 =1 z we %all see pres5tly1 any play] may h any "o ( ! o!rs = a p>tn]1 )\t any *ange tak+ place 9 _! positions at ! table4 ,! play]s hav+ once tak5 _! seats are n all[$ to *ange !m )\t ! cons5t ( all ! o!rs at ! table4 ,,deal+4 ,! c>ds hav+ be5 prop]ly %uffl$1 are pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left1 ! deal] di/ributes ! c>ds ?ree at a "t1 until only f\r rema94 ,^! he deals "o at a "t1 turn+ up ! la/ = ! trump4 ,:5 two packs are us$1 ! play] sitt+ opposite ! deal] %uffles ! /ill pack :ile ! o!r is dealt4 ,! deal passes 9 regul> rotation to ! left4 ,:5 ?ree play ) a pack ( =ty c>ds1 ! la/ c>d is turn$ up = trumps1 b x does n belong to ! deal]1 & is n us$ 9 play4 ,! g5]al rules ) reg>d to irregul>ities 9 ! deal are ! same z at ,:i/2 except t a misdeal does n pass ! deal4 ,! misdeal] mu/ deal aga91 & ) ! same pack4 ,! c>ds dealt1 ea* play] sorts & c\nts 8 h& to see t he has ! correct numb] ( c>ds1 ?irte54 ,if n1 he %\ld imm$iately claim a misdeal2 = a play] hav+ m or less ?an 8 "r proportion ( c>ds _c w9 any?+ on t h&1 b w h to /& 8 proportion ( all losses incurr$ by him or 8 side4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,!re are sev5 di/9ct objects 9 ! ,solo ,:i/1 & be=e play beg9s ea* play] has an opportunity ( decl>+ to :i* ( ^! objects he proposes to atta94 ,!y are3-- #a/4 ,to w9 #h ( ! #ac tricks1 ) ! assi/ance ( a p>tn]4 ,?is is call$ a ,proposal2 ! p>tn]'s %>e is an ,acceptance4 #bnd4 ,to w9 #e ( ! #ac tricks1 aga9/ ! ?ree o!r play]s comb9$4 ,?is is call$ a ,solo4 #crd4 ,to take no tricks1 !re be+ no trump suit1 & ! ?ree o!r play]s be+ oppos$4 ,?is is call$ ,misre1 or ,nullo4 #d?4 ,to w9 #i ( ! #ac tricks aga9/ ! ?ree o!r play]s comb9$2 ! s+le play] to "n ! trump suit4 ,?is is call$ ,abundance4 #e?4 ,to w9 #i ( ! #ac tricks aga9/ ! ?ree o!r play]s comb9$1 ) ! trump suit t is turn$ up4 ,?is is call$ ,abundance 9 ,trumps4 #f?4 ,to take no tricks1 !re be+ no trump suit1 & ! ?ree o!r play]s be+ oppos$2 ! s+le play]'s c>ds be+ expos$ face up on ! table aft] ! fir/ trick is complete4 ,?is is call$ ,misre sur table1 or ,a ,spread4 #g?4 ,to w9 all #ac tricks aga9/ ! ?ree o!r play]s comb9$2 ! s+le play] to "n ! trump suit1 & to h ! orig9al lead :e!r elde/ h& or n4 ,?is is call$ ,abundance ,dcl>e1 or ,a ,slam4 ,:ile ! object ( ! propos+ play] is to w9 or lose ! decl>$ numb] ( tricks1 t ( 8 adv]s>ies is to prev5t him f do+ s1 if possible4 ,!re are no hon\rs1 & ! only factor 9 ! c\nt is ! numb] ( tricks actually tak54 ,! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick1 & trumps1 if any1 w9 aga9/ all o!r suits4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,decl>+4 ,! elde/ h& has ! fir/ say1 & aft] exam9+ 8 c>ds he may make any ( ! sev]al propositions j enum]at$4 ,! smalle/ proposal he c make is to take #h tricks ) ! assi/ance ( a p>tn]4 ,to d ?is he %\ld h f\r reasonably sure tricks 9 8 own h&4 ,"s play]s say he %\ld be /rong 9 trumps2 :ile o!rs claim t ! elde/ h& %\ld propose only on g5]al /r5g?4 ,! =m] is ! bett] plan4 ,no o!r play] %\ld propose on trumps alone4 ,?is ann\ncem5t is made by say+ 8,i propose40 ,if a play] ?9ks he c take five tricks aga9/ ! comb9$ ef=ts ( ! ?ree o!r play]s1 he ann\nces3 8,solo40 ,if he feels equal to a misre1 he calls3 8,misre20 & s on1 accord+ to ! /r5g? ( 8 h&4 ,if he does n feel ju/ifi$ 9 mak+ a call1 he says 8,i pass20 & ! next play] on 8 left has ! opportunity2 & s on1 until "s play] has propos$ to d some?+1 or all h pass$4 ,if any play] has propos$ = a p>tn]1 any ( ! o!rs1 9 _! prop] turn1 may accept him by simply say+ 8,i accept40 ,by s do+1 a play] intimates t he has f\r probable tricks also1 b 9 ! pla9 suits1 & t he is will+ to try = eight tricks ) ! propos] = a p>tn]4 ,all ! o!r calls are made by a s+le play] ) ! int5tion ( play+ aga9/ ! ?ree o!rs4 ,any play] except ! elde/ h& hav+ once said1 8,i pass10 _c aft]w>ds make or accept any proposal4 ,! elde/ h&1 aft] pass+ once1 c accept a proposal1 b he _c make "o4 ,x is ! cu/om 9 "s places1 :5 no "o w make a proposal ( any sort1 to turn d[n ! trump1 & play ! h&s )\t any trump suit1 ea* man = himself1 ! w9n] ( ! la/ trick los+ to ea* ( ! o!rs ! value ( a solo4 ,?is is call$ a ,gr&4 ,,rank ,,( ,,! ,,proposals4 ,! v>i\s calls outrank "o ano!r 9 ! ord] 9 :i* we h giv5 !m4 ,if "o play] says1 8,i propose10 & ano!r calls 8,solo10 ! solo call %uts out ! proposal1 ev5 ?\gh x has be5 accept$ by a second play]4 ,! call ( a misre w\ld 9 turn %ut out a solo2 abundance w\ld take prec$5ce ( misre2 & abundance 9 trumps w\ld be a bett] call ?an simple abundance4 ,! slam ( c\rse outranks all o!r bids4 ,?is mak+ ( a bett] proposition ?an "o already made is kn[n z 8,ov]-call+40 ,a play] :o has made a call ( any k9d1 or has accept$ a proposal1 may am5d 8 proposition to a bett] "o1 only 9 case he is ov]-call$2 or a play] :o c n get a p>tn] to accept him may am5d 8 call to solo4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] may h a h& :i* he feels sure is good = #h tricks1 p]haps #i4 ,to be safe1 he calls solo1 & hopes to make ?ree or f\r ov]-tricks4 ,if he is outbid by "s play] ov]-call+ him ) a misre1 he may be tempt$ to am5d 8 call to abundance4 ,no call is good until e play] :o has n already pass$ does s1 by say+ di/9ctly1 8,i pass40 ,,/akes4 ,! losses & ga9s ( ! play]s are 9 proportion to ! difficulties ( ! tasks !y set !mselves4 ,! mo/ popul> me?od ( settl+ is to pay or take r$ c\nt]s = ! v>i\s calls1 & :ite c\nt]s = ! tricks "u or ov] ! exact numb] propos$4 ,if ! call]s succe$ 9 _! und]tak+s1 _! adv]s>ies pay !m2 if !y fail1 !y pay _! adv]s>ies4 ,a r$ c\nt] is wor? five :ite ones4 ,proposal & ,acceptance w9s or loses #a r$ c\nt]4 ,solo w9s or loses #b r$ c\nt]s4 ,misre1 or ,nullo1 w9s or loses #c r$ c\nt]s4 ,abundance1 ( any k9d1 w9s or loses #d r$ c\nt]s4 ,op5 ,misre1 or ,spread1 w9s or loses #f r$ c\nt]s4 ,decl>$ ,abundance1 or ,slam1 w9s or loses #h r$ c\nt]s4 ,ea* ,ov] or ,"u-trick w9s or loses #a :ite c\nt]4 ,9 ,proposal & ,acceptance1 ea* ( ! p>tn]s pays "o ( 8 adv]s>ies4 ,9 all cases 9 :i* a s+le play] is oppos$ to ! ?ree o!rs1 he w9s or loses ! am\nt %[n 9 ! =ego+ table ) ea* ( !m individually2 s t a s+le play] call+ a solo w\ld w9 or lose #f r$ c\nt]s4 ,if he lo/ x1 mak+ only f\r tricks1 he w\ld also h to pay to ea* ( 8 ?ree adv]s>ies a :ite c\nt]4 ,if he won x1 mak+ sev5 tricks1 ea* ( !m w\ld h to pay him two r$ & two :ite c\nt]s4 ,misres1 ,spreads1 & ,slams pay no odd tricks4 ,! mom5t a ,misre play] takes a trick1 or a ,slam play] loses "o1 ! h&s are ab&on$1 & ! /akes paid4 ,! usual value atta*$ to ! c\nt]s 9 ,am]ica is #be c5ts = ! r$1 & #e c5ts = ! :ite4 ,9 ,engl& ! proportion is sixp5ce & a p5ny4 ,,pool ,,solo4 ,:5 play]s wi% to enhance ! gambl+ attractions ( ! game1 a pool is introduc$4 ,= ?is purpose a receptacle is plac$ ^u ! table1 9 :i* ea* play] puts a r$ c\nt] at ! beg9n+ ( ! game4 ,any p]son play+ alone aga9/ ! ?ree o!rs1 w9s ?is pool if he is successful2 if he fails1 he mu/ d\ble ! am\nt x conta9s1 besides pay+ ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies 9 ! regul> way4 ,9 "s places x is ! cu/om = ea* play] to contribute a r$ c\nt] :5 he deals4 ,! proposals & acceptances d n t\* ! pool4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,if a proposal is accept$1 & no "o ov]-calls x1 ! propos] & acceptor are p>tn]s2 b make no *ange 9 _! positions at ! table4 ,! elde/ h&1 sitt+ to ! left ( ! deal]1 beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases1 & ! play proce$s exactly z at ,:i/1 ! tricks be+ s /ack$ t !y may be readily c\nt$ at any "t4 ,if a s+le play] has call$ solo1 misre1 or abundance1 ! elde/ h& /ill has ! orig9al lead1 & !re is no *ange 9 ! positions ( ! play]s4 ,! position ( ! lead is (t5 a s]i\s consid]ation ) a play] call+ a solo or a misre4 ,9 all calls except misres & slams1 ! h&s mu/ be play$ out1 9 ord] to give ea* side an opportunity to make all ! ov]-tricks !y c4 ,! mom5t a misre play] takes a trick1 or a slam play] loses "o1 ! h&s are ?r[n up1 & ! /akes paid4 ,:5 a spread is call$1 ! trump is tak5 up1 & ! elde/ h& leads4 ,z soon z all h play$ to ! fir/ trick1 ! call] spreads 8 rema9+ twelve c>ds face upw>d on ! table1 s t ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies may see !m2 b !y h no control ( ! ord] 9 :i* !y %all be play$4 ,! adv]s>ies play _! h&s 9 ! usual mann]1 ) no fur!r guidance ?an t possible by inf]5ce f ! play & ! expos$ h&4 ,! call] plays accord+ to 8 be/ judgm5t4 ,:5 a slam is call$1 ! play] propos+ x has ! orig9al lead2 b t does n alt] ! position ( ! deal = ! next h&4 ,,revokes4 ,a revoke is a s]i\s matt] 9 ,solo ,:i/4 ,! p5alty = x is ! loss ( ?ree tricks1 & ! revok+ play]s mu/ pay ! r$ c\nt]s involv$ 9 ! call :e!r !y w9 or lose2 b !y may play ! h& out to save ov]-tricks4 ,= in/ance3 ,a propos] & acceptor make #aa tricks2 _! adv]s>ies hav+ claim$ a revoke4 ,aft] d$uct+ ! revoke p5alty1 #c tricks1 ! call]s /ill h #h tricks left1 en\gh to make good ! call4 ,!y ea* lose a r$ c\nt]2 b no :ite ones1 hav+ sav$ _! ov]-tricks4 ,_h !y tak5 only #h tricks altoge!r1 ! p5alty = ! revoke w\ld h left !m only #e1 & !y w\ld ea* h _h to pay "o r$ & ?ree :ites4 ,if ei!r adv]s>y ( ! call]s revokes1 ! individual play] 9 fault mu/ pay = all ! consequ5ces ( ! error4 ,if ! play] 9 fault c %[ t ! call]s w\ld h won 9 spite ( ! revoke1 8 p>tn]s mu/ pay _! %>e2 b ! revok+ play] mu/ settle = ! ?ree tricks lo/ by ! revoke4 ,= in/ance3 ,z calls solo2 ,a revokes2 ,z makes #f tricks1 :i* x c be %[n he mu/ h done 9 spite ( ! revoke4 ,a1 ,y1 & ,b ea* pay ,z #a r$ & #a :ite c\nt]1 & !n ,a pays ,z #i :ite c\nt]s 9 addition = ! tricks tak5 z revoke p5alty4 ,if ! s+le play] revokes1 ei!r on solo or abundance1 he loses ! r$ c\nt]s involv$1 & mu/ pay :atev] :ite c\nt]s are due aft] ?ree ( 8 tricks h be5 add$ to ^? ( ! adv]s>ies z p5alty = ! revoke4 ,= in/ance3 ,a calls solo1 & revokes1 b w9s #f tricks 9 all4 ,he pays two r$ c\nt]s to ea* adv]s>y4 ,!y !n take ?ree ( 8 tricks1 leav+ him ?ree only1 & dem& two :ite c\nt]s ea*1 = ! two "u-tricks4 ,if a play] revokes :o has call$ a misre or a slam1 he imm$iately loses ! /akes4 ,if a revoke is made by any adv]s>y ( a play] :o has call$ misre or slam1 ! play] 9 fault mu/ individually pay all ! /akes4 ,,c>ds ,,play$ ,,9 ,,error4 ,9 ! simple proposal & acceptance1 ! rules ) reg>d to c>ds play$ 9 error1 or l$ out ( turn1 are ! same z at ,:i/4 ,9 ! case ( a s+le play] aga9/ ?ree adv]s>ies1 ! call] is n liable to any p5alty = c>ds play$ 9 error1 or l$ out ( turn2 b 8 adv]s>ies are subject to ! usual :i/ p5alties = all su* irregul>ities1 su* z hav+ ! c>ds laid on ! table z expos$1 or a suit call$1 or ! highe/ or l[e/ ( a suit l$ dem&$ f an adv]s>y :o has foll[$ suit out ( turn4 ,= ! bett] protection ( ! s+le play]1 :o is mu* m liable to be injur$ by irregul>ities ?an p>tn]s w\ld be1 he is all[$ to prev5t ! use ( an expos$ trump = ruff+1 & to dem& or to prev5t ! play ( any expos$ c>d 9 pla9 suits4 ,if a suit is l$ ( :i* an adv]s>y has an expos$ c>d on ! table ! s+le play] may call ^u him to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( t suit4 ,if any adv]s>y ( a misre play] leads out ( turn1 or exposes a c>d1 or plays be=e 8 prop] turn 9 any trick1 ! call] may imm$iately claim ! /akes1 & ! individual play] 9 fault mu/ pay = himself1 & = 8 p>tn]s4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,*eat+4 ,:ile ! practice ( deal+ ?ree c>ds at a "t gives a little m opportunity to ! greek ?an w\ld occur if !y 7 dealt z at ,:i/1 !re is little to be fe>$ if two packs are us$1 unless two greeks are 9 p>tn]%ip4 ,:5 su* p>tn]s sit next ea* o!r1 !re is m or less dang]1 if only "o pack is us$1 t "o may %uffle s t ! o!r may cut und]/&+ly2 or t a good %uffl] may run up six c>ds = a deal] t is n emb>rass$ by ! c>ds be+ cut4 ,a %rewd greek c (t5 help a sil5t p>tn] :o is play+ "u ! disguise ( a s+le call]1 especially 9 misre4 ,p]sons :o play 9 ! _m public cafs ( ,europe %\ld be especially c>eful to avoid ?is /yle ( p>tn]%ip1 :]e x is v common4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,ap>t f ! g5]al pr9ciples common to all =ms ( ,:i/1 su* z ! play ( high or l[ c>ds1 trumps or pla9 suits1 etc41 !re are sev]al po9ts peculi> to ,solo ,:i/ :i* require att5tion4 ,propos+4 ,x is bett] to propose on two or ?ree sure tricks1 ) /rong probabilities ( sev]al m1 ?an on a c]ta9ty ( f\r only4 ,= in/ance3 ,! two highe/ trumps & two suits conta9+ ,aces1 ) no o!r trick probable1 is n su* a good h& = a proposal z "o conta9+ f\r av]age trumps1 ) "o pla9 suit ( ,k ,q ,j x x1 & ano!r ( ,k ,q x x4 ,x is n improbable t ! latt] may be good = sev5 or eight tricks4 ,no?+ b exp]i5ce w tea* a play] :at comb9ations ( c>ds are 8probably0 good = tricks2 b ,k x x1 or ,q ,j #aj x or ,k ,q1 may be c\nt$ on4 ,!re %\ld be "s intelligible sy/em ( propos+1 s t ! play]s may und]/& ea* o!r4 ,! elde/ h& %\ld n propose except on /rong trumps1 & ?is %\ld be a w>n+ to o!r play]s n to accept him on trump /r5g? alone4 ,f\r trumps ) two or ?ree hon\rs may be call$ /rong2 or five trumps1 ev5 )\t an hon\r4 ,five trumps ) two or m hon\rs is great /r5g?4 ,any play] o!r ?an ! elde/ h& %\ld propose on g5]al /r5g? & ! play] accept+ him %\ld d s on trump /r5g?4 ,"s su* di/9ction %\ld be cle>ly und]/ood1 9 ord] t !re may be no su* contretemps z two play]s propos+ & accept+ on trumps alone & f9d+ !mselves )\t a trick 9 ! pla9 suits aft] ! trumps are drawn4 ,if ! elde/ h& is /rong 9 trumps1 b has n f\r sure tricks1 he %\ld pass1 :i* w give him an excell5t opportunity to accept a play] propos+ on g5]al /r5g? 9 ! pla9 suits4 ,if ! proposal %\ld be accept$ be=e x comes to 8 turn1 ! elde/ h& %\ld be 9 a good position to defeat x4 ,if any play]1 o!r ?an ! elde/ h&1 has suffici5t trump /r5g? to ju/ify a proposal1 he w usually f9d t he c risk a solo2 or by pass+1 defeat any proposal & acceptance t may be made4 ,accept+4 ,a proposal by ! elde/ h& %\ld n be accept$ by a play] ) only "o /rong suit4 ,! probability ( tricks 9 sev]al suits is bett] ?an a c]ta9ty 9 "o suit2 b if "o /rong suit is accompani$ by a c>d ( re-entry1 or by f\r trumps1 x %\ld prove v /rong1 p>ticul>ly 9 p>tn]%ip ) ! elde/ h&4 ,:5 ! p>tn]s w sit next ea* o!r1 proposals may be accept$ on slightly weak] h&s ?an w\ld be consid]$ safe o!rwise4 ,play+ ,proposals & ,acceptances4 ,if ! elde/ h& has propos$1 & 8 p>tn] sits next him on ! left1 ! comm&+ trumps %\ld be fir/ l$1 9 ord] to secure z _m r\nds z possible4 ,if ! elde/ h& has no high-c>d comb9ation 9 trumps1 x is sometimes bett] to lead a small c>d f a weak suit1 hop+ to put ! p>tn] 94 ,if successful1 ! p>tn] w fir/ %[ 8 suit1 & !n lead trumps ?r\gh ! adv]s>ies4 ,if ! acceptor sits on ! "r ( ! propos+ elde/ h&1 trumps %\ld be l$ imm$iately1 & ! highe/ ( !m fir/1 no matt] :at !y are4 ,! ,q or ,j at ! head ( five trumps may be ( great use to a p>tn] ) an hon\r4 ,:5 ! elde/ h& has propos$1 & 8 p>tn] sits opposite him1 trumps %\ld be l$ at once1 & all comb9ations play$ z at ,:i/4 ,! =ego+ pr9ciples equally apply :5 ! elde/ h& has accept$ a proposal1 if ! play] c be dep5d$ on to h propos$ on g5]al /r5g?4 ,:5 p>tn]s sit opposite ea* o!r1 ! g5]al pr9ciples ( lead+1 e/abli%+1 def5d+1 & br++ 9 suits1 are ! same z at ,:i/1 & ! usual trump signals & e*oes are made use (4 ,! game is practically ,:i/1 ) ! additional k t bo? propos] & acceptor h /rong h&s4 ,:5 p>tn]s sit next ea* o!r1 !re are _m opportunities = lead+ /r5g!n+ c>ds ?r\gh ! adv]s>ies1 especially 9 ! p>tn]'s kn[n or inf]r$ /rong suit4 ,f9esse4 ,if nei!r propos] nor acceptor is ! elde/ h&1 !y %\ld make no f9esses2 b get into ! lead z soon z possible1 & exhau/ ! trumps4 ,! greate/ dang] ( defeat = a proposal & acceptance is t ! adv]s>ies1 ) ! orig9al lead1 may e/abli% a cross-ruff1 or get six tricks ) _! w9n+ c>ds be=e ! call+ play]s get a lead4 ,x is a common artifice = ! propos] & acceptor1 aft] !y h exhau/$ ! adv]s>ies' trumps1 ea* to %[ a /rong suit by lead+ x once1 & !n to lead ! highe/ c>d ( a weak] suit2 ?us (f]+ ea* o!r *ances = successful f9esse4 ,if a p>tn] sitt+ on ! "r leads a suit1 !re %\ld be no f9esse2 & 9 g5]al1 f9ess+ %\ld be avoid$ until ! decl>ation is assur$4 ,x may !n be us$ to secure probable ov]-tricks4 ,adv]s>ies' ,play4 ,! play]s oppos$ to ! call are always designat$ z ! adv]s>ies4 ,play]s oppos$ to a propos] & acceptor %\ld make no f9esses t !y are n c]ta9 w w9 m tricks if successful ?an !y w lose if !y fail4 ,if ! adv]s>ies sit toge!r1 & are ! la/ to play on any trick1 ! ?ird h& %\ld n tru/ any?+ to 8 p>tn] t he c att5d to himself1 unless he is v anxi\s to be ! la/ play] on ! next trick4 ,:5 ! adv]s>ies sit opposite ea* o!r1 _! play w diff] v little f t 9 ,:i/1 except t !y w make no ef=ts to e/abli% long suits1 & w n lead small c>ds f comb9ations conta9+ an ,ace4 ,e trick possible %\ld be made sure ( at once1 be=e ! call+ play]s get any *ance to disc>d4 ,weak suits %\ld be protect$1 z !y are 9 ,:i/ :5 oppos$ to /rong h&s4 ,if an adv]s>y has ! fir/ lead1 x is usually be/ = him to make :at w9n+ c>ds he has at once1 unless he is pretty sure t ! proposal w be defeat$4 ,x is v seldom "r = ! adv]s>ies to lead trumps4 ,"s exceptions w naturally pres5t !mselves1 su* z an elde/ h& lead+ to 8 p>tn]'s turn$-up ,k+4 ,9 ! middle or end game1 x may be advantage\s to br+ d[n ! call]'s trumps toge!r1 or to draw two = "o4 ,if an adv]s>y f9ds himself ) a pretty /rong h&1 he %\ld utt]ly disreg>d 8 p>tn]1 & play z false z he c2 = if ! call]s h eight probable tricks betwe5 !m1 x is impossible = ! f\r? play] to h any?+1 unless !re has be5 "s mi/ake 9 ! call4 ,9 ,g5]al4 ,!re are "o or two exceptions to ! me?ods ( play+ sequ5ces at ,:i/1 dep5d5t on ! position ( ! play]s hold+ !m4 ,= in/ance3 ,if fir/ or second h& holds any sequ5ce ( high c>ds1 he %\ld play ! highe/ if 8 p>tn] sits next him on ! left1 & ! adv]s>ies are to play aft] him2 o!rwise ! p>tn] might ?9k ! high] c>ds ( ! sequ5ce 7 aga9/ ! lead]4 ,if a call] %\ld hold ,k ,q x second h&1 & play ! ,q z at ,:i/1 8 p>tn] foll[+ him1 & hold+ ,ace1 w\ld h to play x1 ?9k+ ! ,k+ might be beyond4 ,,solo4 ,9 speak+ ( ! play]s 9 a solo1 misre1 or abundance1 x is usual to di/+ui% ^? oppos$ to ! s+le play] by call+ !m respectively1 ,left1 ,"r1 & ,opposite4 ,illu/ration3 ,opposite -------- ,left ,"r -------- ,! ,call] ,?is arrangem5t does n affect ! use ( ! lett]s ,a ,y ,b ,z1 & ! t]ms fir/1 second1 ?ird1 & f\r? h&2 indicat+ ! position ( ! deal1 & ( ! lead4 ,call+4 ,^? solos are easie/ :i* are decl>$ by ! elde/ h&1 or by ! deal]2 ! h>de/ be+ ^? call$ by second h&4 ,! safe/ solos are ^? call$ on trump /r5g?2 b av]age trumps & w9n+ c>ds 9 ! pla9 suits are m advantage\s if ! call] is n elde/ h&4 ,to call a solo on pla9 suits alone1 ) only "o or two trumps1 is extremely dang]\s2 & a solo call$ on a s+le suit mu/ h at lea/ five or six good trumps 9 ord] to succe$4 ,,play+4 ,:5 a call has be5 made entirely ^u trump /r5g?1 x is mu* bett] to make tricks by ruff+1 ?an by lead+ trumps4 ,!re is little use = a solo play] to hold a t5ace 9 trumps1 hop+ x w be l$ to him4 ,if he has good suits1 he %\ld make sure ( two r\nds ( trumps by lead+ ! ,ace4 ,:5 ! solo play] is dep5d+ on ! pla9 suits = tricks1 & has "o long suit1 he %\ld make :at w9n+ c>ds he has 9 ! o!r pla9 suits 9 pref]5ce to lead+ trumps1 = 8 only dang] is t 8 long suit w be l$ (t5 en\gh to give 8 adv]s>ies disc>ds 9 ! o!r suits4 ,if a proposal 0 made be=e ! solo 0 call$1 x is bett] = ! solo play] to sit on ! left ( ! play] t propos$4 ,! call] %\ld nev] play s+le hon\rs second h&1 unless he has only "o small c>d ( ! suit1 or ! hon\r is ! ,ace4 ,) ,a ,q x1 second or ?ird h&1 ! ,q mu/ be f9ess$ if ! call] has c\nt$ on bo? ,a & ,q = tricks4 ,if he c probably w9 )\t ! f9esse1 he %\ld play ,ace4 ,if he has tricks en\gh to w9 )\t ei!r ,a or ,q1 he %\ld play nei!r ( !m4 ,a solo play] %\ld be v sure ( 8 call be=e f9ess+ = ov]-tricks4 ,adv]s>ies' ,play4 ,! play] to ! left ( ! call] %\ld n lead trumps2 b if ! solo play] has _h a lead1 & has n l$ trumps himself1 ! play] on 8 "r %\ld take ! fir/ opportunity to lead !m ?r\gh him4 ,! play] to ! left ( ! call] %\ld n lead f suits head$ only by ! ,k+2 nor f ^? conta9+ major or m9or t5aces4 ,! be/ leads are f suits head$ by ,q ,j or #aj1 ev5 if %ort4 ,) su* high-c>d comb9ations z c be us$ to =ce ! comm& 9 "o r\nd1 su* z ,k ,q1 or ,k ,q ,j1 ! regul> :i/ leads %\ld be us$4 ,) suits head$ by w9n+ sequ5ces1 held by ! play] on ! left1 x is (t5 "r to lead !m once1 9 ord] to %[ !m1 & !n to lead a weak] suit to get rid ( ! lead4 ,x is sometimes bett] to play w9n+ sequ5ces z long z x seems probable t ! call] c foll[ suit4 ,_m p]sons use ! ,albany lead to indicate a wi% = trumps to be l$ ?r\gh ! call]4 ,9 response to su* a signal ! be/ trump %\ld be l$1 :atev] x is4 ,:5 ! adv]s>y :o leads 9 any trick is n on ! left ( ! solo play]1 ! call] w1 ( c\rse1 n be ! la/ play]1 z at lea/ "o adv]s>y mu/ play aft] him4 ,9 su* cases x is be/ to lead ! longe/ suits4 ,,mis,,re4 ,! great difficulty 9 ,misre is n 9 play+ x2 b 9 judg+ :at h&s ju/ify su* an und]tak+4 ,call+4 ,z a g5]al proposition x may be /at$ t misre %\ld n be call$ ) a long suit n conta9+ ! deuce4 ,b ! long] ! suit ! less ! dang] !re is = a play] :o is det]m9$ to risk x2 because ! deuce is m likely to be f\nd alone 9 "s adv]s>y's h&4 ,%ort suits may be risk$1 ev5 ) no c>d small] ?an a #e or #f1 & x is ( c\rse a great advantage to h a suit altoge!r miss+4 ,lead+4 ,! lead is a disadvantage to ! call]1 because he mu/ beg9 ) a small c>d1 & ! adv]s>ies c play _! highe/4 ,! only satisfaction to ! call] is t he c usually locate ! high c>ds ( ! suit "u su* circum/ances4 ,= in/ance3 ,suppose he orig9ally leads a #d2 second h& play+ ! #i2 ?ird h& ! ,ace2 & f\r? h& ! #aj4 ,! ?ird h& is m>k$ ) :atev] c>ds ( ! sequ5ce ,k ,q ,j are n 9 ! call]'s h&4 ,_m play]s fall into ! error ( lead+ ! highe/ c>d ( a los+ sequ5ce1 su* z a #f f #f #e #d #c4 ,?is accompli%es no?+1 & only discloses to ! adv]s>ies ! fact t ! call] is safe 9 t suit4 ,! ?ree is ! bett] lead4 ,foll[+ ,suit4 ,! call] %\ld usually play a c>d z little inf]ior z he c to ! highe/ already on ! trick4 ,:5 he has c>ds ( equal value1 su* z ! #e & #b1 ! #c & #d be+ already on ! table1 he %\ld play ! l[] c>d ( ! f\r*ette2 = al?\gh x may be said t ! f\r? play] mu/ take ! trick1 !re is no c]ta9ty t he w foll[ suit4 ,:5 second h&1 if !re is a *oice betwe5 two c>ds1 su* z ! #f & #b1 an int]m$iate c>d hav+ be5 l$1 x is (t5 a nice po9t to decide :e!r or n to risk cov]+ & keep+ ! deuce4 ,if ! deuce is play$1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! adv]s>ies w foll[ ) _! highe/ c>ds1 leav+ two c>ds out aga9/ ! call]1 bo? small] ?an ! #f4 ,disc>d+4 ,! misre play] %\ld nev] disc>d f 8 long suits4 ,! high c>ds ( %ort suits1 & s+le int]m$iate c>ds1 su* z #e's & #f's1 %\ld be got rid ( at e opportunity4 ,adv]s>ies ( ! ,misre4 ,9 play+ aga9/ a misre ! *ief difficulty is to prev5t ! call] f disc>d+1 & to place ! lead ) ! play] :o c probably d him ! mo/ h>m4 ,x is an axiom ) solo-:i/ play]s t e misre c be defeat$1 if ! weak spot 9 x c be f\nd2 because if ! misre 0 absolutely safe1 x w\ld be play$ z a spread1 :i* w\ld pay ! call] twice z mu*4 ,?is is n true1 h[ev]1 = x (t5 happ5s t ! c>ds are s di/ribut$ 9 ! o!r h&s t ! call _c be defeat$1 h[ev] risky x may h be54 ,! weak po9t 9 a misre is usually a %ort suit ) "o high c>d 9 x2 or a suit ( int]m$iate l5g?1 )\t ! deuce4 ,z x is probable t ! call] is %ort 9 suits 9 :i* ! adv]s>ies are long1 & long 9 ^? 9 :i* !y are %ort1 he is less likely to get a disc>d if !y lead _! %orte/ suits fir/4 ,if ! misre play] has ov]-call$ a proposal or a solo1 he is likely to be %ort 9 ! trump suit1 or at lea/ safe 9 x4 ,x is n good play to lead a s+le ,ace2 b a ,k+ may be v effective2 = if no "o plays ! ,ace on x1 t c>d may be absolutely m>k$ 9 ! call]'s h&4 ,9 su* a case ! adv]s>y ) ! greate/ numb] ( t suit %\ld keep x = ! attack4 ,if ?is play] c get into ! lead1 he is n only sure ( prev5t+ ! call] f disc>d+1 b ( all[+ ! o!r adv]s>ies to disc>d to advantage4 ,) an hon\r & "o small c>d1 a play] on ! left %\ld lead ! small c>d fir/2 if on ! "r1 ! hon\r %\ld be l$ fir/4 ,a long suit conta9+ ! deuce %\ld be avoid$ z long z possible4 ,! call]'s c>ds may sometimes be inf]r$ if !re has be5 a previ\s call on ! h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,a misre may be a =c$ call2 t is1 ! play] fir/ call$ a proposal1 & n be+ accept$1 0 =c$ to am5d 8 call1 *oos+ misre 9 pref]5ce to solo4 ,?is w\ld indicate a long weak suit ( trumps4 ,if ! deal] calls misre1 ! turn-up trump %\ld be c>efully not$4 ,x is useless to p]sev]e 9 suits 9 :i* ! call] is evid5tly safe4 ,if he plays a v l[ c>d to a trick 9 :i* !re is already a high c>d1 t suit %\ld be /opp$4 ,disc>d+4 ,an adv]s>y %\ld get rid ( "s "o suit1 if possible2 = :5 t suit is aft]w>ds l$ he w h free *oice ( 8 disc>ds 9 ! o!r suits4 ,%ort suits %\ld be disc>d$ 9 pref]5ce to high c>ds 9 long suits1 unless ! c>ds 9 ! %ort suit are v l[4 ,disc>ds give great in=mation to ! adv]s>ies if ! rule is foll[$ to disc>d ! highe/ ( a suit2 because all c>ds high] ?an ^? disc>d$ mu/ be betwe5 ! two o!r adv]s>ies & ! call]1 & ea* adv]s>y is ?us furni%$ ) a guide4 ,x is useless to disc>d a suit ( :i* ! call] is void2 & x is be/ to keep disc>d+ f "o suit until x is exhau/$1 or only ! deuce rema9s4 ,! trump signal is frequ5tly us$ 9 disc>d+ to indicate t ! signall] wi%es to get into ! lead4 ,return+ ,suits4 ,:e!r or n to return a p>tn]'s lead may (t5 be decid$ by inf]5ces f ! fall ( ! c>ds4 ,x is frequ5tly an easy matt] to locate ! c>ds 9 ! v>i\s suits1 if x is borne 9 m9d t adv]s>ies :o play aft] ! call] get rid ( _! highe/ c>ds4 ,= in/ance3 ,"r leads ! #i2 call] plays ! #e2 left ! #aj2 & ! la/ play] f9ds he holds ,k ,q ,j #f ( ! suit4 ,he %\ld "k t ! call] has no?+ betwe5 ! #e & ! #i1 & mu/ h ! ,ace2 s 8 c>ds 7 probably ,a #e #d #c #b4 ,:ile x is manife/ly impossible to cat* him on t suit1 x may /ill be l$ ?ree times1 9 ord] to give ! p>tn]s disc>ds1 z bo? ( !m mu/ be %ort4 ,if ?is e/imate ( ! call]'s c>ds is wrong 9 any?+1 x is n ) reg>d to ! ,ace1 s !re is n ! slighte/ dang] 9 cont9u+ ! suit4 ,z a g5]al rule1 ! suit fir/ l$ by an adv]s>y %\ld be return$1 unless ! play] w9n+ ! trick has a s+leton 9 ano!r suit1 :5 he %\ld lead t4 ,! suit l$ by ! call]1 if he 0 elde/ h&1 %\ld n be return$4 ,"s judgm5t ( "* mu/ be us$ 9 play+ on a call]'s own lead4 ,an adv5tur\s play] w sometimes call a misre on a h& :i* conta9s a s+leton #e or #f1 & w lead x at once2 tru/+ t second h& w imag9e x to be safe1 & cov] x4 ,play]s %\ld be aw>e ( ?is trap1 & nev] cov] a misre play]'s own lead if !y c help x1 unless ! c>d l$ is bel[ a #d4 ,,abundance4 ,v few p]sons w risk call+ an abundance :i* !y are n pretty c]ta9 (2 b a play] may be =c$ to ! call on a d\btful h&1 especially if he is ov]-call$ on 8 orig9al proposal to play a solo4 ,! lead is a great advantage1 because trumps c be exhau/$ imm$iately1 & ! suits protect$4 ,if ! call] has n ! lead he mu/ calculate 9 advance = trump+ 91 & if 8 pla9 suits are n q e/abli%$1 he w require m trumps ?an w\ld o!rwise be necess>y4 ,! greate/ dang] to an abundance play] :o has n ! orig9al lead1 is t 8 be/ suit w be l$ ?r\gh him1 & trump$1 ei!r on ! fir/ or second r\nd4 ,! call] is (t5 trapp$ into unnecess>ily high trump+ :5 suits are l$ ?r\gh him a second or ?ird "t4 ,! ,adv]s>ies h little *ance to defeat an abundance unless !y c ov]-trump ! call]1 or ruff 8 good c>ds be=e he c exhau/ ! trumps4 ,x is be/ = ! ,"r to lead 8 longe/ suit1 & = ! ,left to lead 8 %orte/4 ,a gu>d$ ,k+ suit %\ld n be l$ "u any circum/ances2 nor a %ort suit ,ace high4 ,if an adv]s>y has a s+le trump ( m$ium size1 su* z a ,j or #aj1 x is (t5 good play to trump a p>tn]'s w9n+ c>ds1 s z to be sure ( prev5t+ ! call] f mak+ a small trump4 ,if an adv]s>y has trump$ or ov]-trump$1 x is v important to lead t suit to him aga9 z soon z possible4 ,! rules = disc>d+ t are giv5 9 connection ) ,:i/ %\ld be c>efully obs]v$2 especially 9 ! matt] ( %[+ comm& ( suits4 ,,spreads4 ,^! %\ld n be call$ except ) h&s 9 :i* e suit conta9s ! deuce1 & all ! c>ds are l[ en\gh to insure ! play] t no?+ %ort ( extraord9>y circum/ances w defeat him4 ,op5 sequ5ces1 or ,dut* /raights1 z !y are sometimes call$1 9 :i* ! c>ds are all odd or all ev51 su* z #b #d #f #h #aj1 are q z safe z ord9>y sequ5ces1 provid$ ! deuce is among ! c>ds4 ,! play] call+ a spread mu/ rememb] t x w be impossible = him to get any disc>ds aft] ! fir/ trick )\t ! cons5t ( ! adv]s>ies2 = !y w n lead a suit ( :i* !y see he is void4 ,9 ord] to r$uce ! call]'s *ances ( a disc>d on ! op5+ lead1 be=e 8 c>ds are expos$1 ! adv]s>ies %\ld select _! %orte/ suits1 unless !y h a bottom sequ5ce to ! deuce4 ,,! ,,slam4 ,?is feature ( ,solo ,:i/ is ev5 r>] ?an ! gr& c\p at ,:i/4 ,x is n v m>vell\s = an abundance play] to make twelve or ?irte5 tricks2 b to ann\nce ?irte5 tricks be=e a c>d is play$ is some?+ ph5om5al4 ,all ! adv]s>ies c d aga9/ su* a call is to %[ ea* o!r1 by _! disc>ds1 9 :i* ( ! suits !y h a possible trick4 ,x is v annoy+ to h a play] succe$ 9 mak+ a slam j because two ( 8 adv]s>ies keep ! same suit4 ,,solo ,,:i/ ,,= ,,?ree ,,play]s4 ,! be/ arrangem5t is to play ) a pack ( =ty c>ds1 delet+ ! #b1 #c1 & #d ( ea* suit4 ,! la/ c>d is turn$ up to det]m9e ! trump1 b x is n us$ 9 play4 ,!re is no proposal & acceptance1 solo be+ ! l[e/ call4 ,if all ?ree play]s pass1 ! trump c>d is turn$ d[n1 & ea* play] 9 turn has ! option ( call+ a six-trick abundance1 nam+ 8 own trump suit4 ,9 "s places x is ! cu/om to all[ ! play]s to ov]-call ea* o!r1 aft] ! trump is turn$ d[n1 ea* increas+ ! numb] ( tricks he proposes to take4 ,a misre ov]-calls eight tricks4 ,kimb]ly ,solo is = f\r play]s1 )\t any proposal & acceptance1 solo be+ ! l[e/ call4 ,if all pass1 a six-trick solo ) a diff]5t trump is all[$4 ,,text ,,books4 ,solo ,:i/1 by ,r4,f4 ,gre54 ,h[ to ,play ,solo ,:i/1 by ,wilks ,p>don4 ,= ! ,laws ( ,solo ,:i/1 see ,:i/ ,family ,laws4 ,,illu/rative ,,solo ,,:i/ ,,h&s4 ,! deal]1 ,z1 turns up ! he>t #c 9 bo? h&s1 & ,a leads4 ,! und]l9$ c>d w9s ! trick1 & ! c>d "u x is ! next "o l$4 ,t ,a ,solo4 ,r ,a ,misre4 ,i -------------------------------- ,c------------------------------- ,a ,y ,b ,z ,k ,a ,y ,b ,z ---------------------------------------- ----------------- #aj #h ,q ,k #a ,k #g ,j #aj #c #i ,a #b #b ,q #e #i #h #f #b ,a #c #c ,q #e ,a ,j #h #d ,q ,k #d #i #d ,k #aj #i ,a #d #g #e #f #c #f #h ,a #i ,k #d #f #g #b #d ,a ,k #b #f #e #g #aj #h #g ,k #g #b ,q #f #h #i #f #g ,q #e #c ,q #h #i #e #d #f ,j #f #c #e ,j #aj #h #b ,k #c #g #aj #i ,j #aa ,a #b ,q #c #h #e #g #d #ab #b #c #i #d ,j ,j #aj #aj #ac ,j ,a #aj #e ---------------------------- --------------------------- ,solo play] w9s4 ,misre play] loses4 ,9 ! fir/ example1 ,a & ,y pass1 & ,b calls ,solo4 ,a foll[s ! mod]n practice ( lead+ ! top ( 8 long weak suit1 z a c>d ( w>n+ & support = 8 p>tn]s4 ,z kn[s ,y mu/ h #i or ,ace ( diamonds1 or no m1 & he avoids ! error ( op5+ ano!r suit1 especially a weak "o4 ,b cont9ues ) ! trump ,que51 hop+ to drop ,k+ & ,jack toge!r4 ,at trick #e1 ,z _c give up ! comm& ( trumps1 & z ,a's lead & disc>d indicate t he wants spades l$ up to him1 ,z's be/ *ance is t ,y has "s clubs4 ,y leads to ,a4 ,at trick #i1 ,z kn[s ,b _c h #aj & #i ( trumps1 or he w\ld h l$ "o ( !m to prev5t ! ,j & #h bo? mak+1 s ,y mu/ h "o ( ^? trumps4 ,at trick #aa1 if ,b leads ! club1 he loses 8 call4 ,he mu/ aga9 take ! *ance ( br++ ! trumps d[n toge!r4 ,9 ! second example ,a proposes1 or calls ,solo1 & ,y ov]-calls him ) ,misre4 ,! great po9t 9 play+ aga9/ ,misre is to cont9ue lead+ suits 9 :i* he is kn[n to be long1 s z to give y\r p>tn]s disc>ds4 ,?is ,b does ) ! two long spades1 ! call] be+ m>k$ ) ! ace & o!rs on ! second trick4 ,!n ,z all[s ,b to disc>d 8 high diamonds on ! clubs4 ,,scot* ,,:i/1 ,,or ,,cat* ,,! ,,t54 ,,c>ds4 ,scot* ,:i/ is play$ ) a pack ( #cf c>ds1 :i* rank 9 pla9 suits1 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f2 ! ,ace be+ highe/ bo? 9 play & 9 cutt+4 ,9 ! trump suit ! ,jack is ! be/ c>d1 ! ord] be+1 ,j ,a ,k ,q #aj #i #h #g #f4 ,,m>k]s4 ,!re are no suitable c\nt]s = ,scot* ,:i/1 & ! score is usually kept on a %eet ( pap]4 ,,play]s4 ,any numb] f two to eight may play4 ,:5 !re are five or sev5 play]s1 ! spade #f mu/ be remov$ f ! pack4 ,9 "s places ?is is n done2 ! ?irty-fif? c>d be+ turn$ up = ! trump1 ! ?irty-six? %[n to ! table1 & !n laid aside4 ,,cutt+4 ,:atev] ! numb] ( p]sons (f]+ = play1 ! table is =m$ by cutt+ f ! outspread pack = p>tn]s1 seats1 & deal4 ,:5 two play1 ! "o cutt+ ! l[e/ c>d has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds1 7if !re are two packs74 ,:5 ?ree play1 ! l[e/ deals1 & *ooses 8 seat & c>ds4 ,! next l[e/ has ! next *oice ( seats4 ,:5 f\r play1 p>tn]s are cut =2 ! two l[e/ pair+ aga9/ ! two highe/2 ! l[e/ ( ! f\r is ! deal]1 & has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,:5 five play1 ea* = himself1 ! l[e/ cut deals1 & has ! fir/ *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,! next l[e/ has ! next *oice ( seats1 & s on4 ,:5 six play1 !y cut = p>tn]s1 ! two l[e/ pair+ toge!r2 ! two highe/ toge!r2 & ! two int]m$iates toge!r4 ,! play] cutt+ ! l[e/ c>d ( ! six has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds1 & deals ! fir/ h&4 ,if ! six play1 ?ree on a side1 ! ?ree l[e/ play aga9/ ! ?ree highe/2 ! l[e/ cut ( ! six tak+ ! deal1 & *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,:5 sev5 play1 ea* = himself1 ! l[e/ deals1 & has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds2 ! o!rs *oos+ _! seats 9 ! ord] ( _! cuts4 ,:5 eight play1 !y may =m two sets ( f\r ea*1 or f\r sets ( two ea*4 ,9 ei!r case ! p>tn]%ips are decid$ by cutt+1 & ! l[e/ cut ( ! eight has ! deal1 ) *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,,ties are decid$ 9 ! mann] already describ$ 9 connection ) ,:i/4 ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,play]s4 ,two play]s sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,?ree1 five or sev5 sit accord+ to _! *oice4 ,f\r sit z at ,:i/1 ! p>tn]s fac+ ea* o!r4 ,six1 play+ 9 two p>tn]%ips1 sit alt]nately1 s t no two p>tn]s %all be next ea* o!r4 ,six1 play+ 9 ?ree p>tn]%ips ( two ea*1 sit s t two adv]s>ies %all be betwe5 ea* pair ( p>tn]s4 ,eight1 play+ 9 two sets ( f\r ea*1 or z f\r pairs ( p>tn]s1 arrange !mselves alt]nately4 ,if we di/+ui% ! p>tn]s by ! lett]s ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 ,d1 ! diagram w %[ ! arrangem5t ( ! tables4 ,illu/ration3 ,b ,c ,a ,b ,a ,b ------ ------ ------ ,d ,c ,b ,a ,a ,a ,c ,d ,a ,b ------ ------ ------ ,c ,b ,b ,a ,b ,a ,,?ree ,,pairs4 ,,f\r ,,pairs4 ,,two ,,f\rs4 ,! play] to ! left ( ! deal] is ! orig9al lead]4 ,,deal+4 ,! me?od ( deal+ v>ies ) ! numb] ( play]s engag$4 ,:5 only "o pack is us$1 any play] may %uffle1 ! deal] la/4 ,! pack mu/ be pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 & ! entire pack is !n dealt out1 "o c>d at a "t4 ,:5 two play1 ! deal] gives ea* six c>ds1 "o at a "t4 ,^! two h&s are kept sep>ate1 & two m are dealt 9 ! same mann]1 & !n a ?ird two1 ! la/ c>d be+ turn$ up = ! trump4 ,:5 ! deal is complete1 !re w be six h&s on ! table1 ?ree belong+ to ea* play]4 ,illu/ration3 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- #a,,/ ,,h&s4 #b,,nd ,,h&s4 #c,,rd ,,h&s4 ----- ----- ----- ------ ,trump4 ------ ----- ----- ----- ,:5 ?ree play1 ! c>ds are dealt 9 mu* ! same mann]2 two sep>ate h&s ( six c>ds be+ giv5 to ea* play]4 ,:5 f\r1 five1 six1 sev51 or eight play1 ! c>ds are dealt 9 rotation f left to "r until ! pack is exhau/$1 ! la/ c>d be+ turn$ up = ! trump4 ,:5 five or sev5 play1 ei!r ! spade #f mu/ be ?r[n out ( ! pack1 or ! ?irty-six? c>d mu/ be %[n1 aft] ! deal] has turn$ ! ?irty-fif? = ! trump4 ,:5 eight play1 all f\r sixes are delet$4 ,! deal passes to ! left1 ea* play] deal+ 9 turn until ! game is f9i%$4 ,! g5]al rules ) reg>d to irregul>ities 9 ! deal are ! same z at ,:i/4 ,,/akes4 ,:5 /akes are play$ =1 !y are = s mu* a game4 ,rubb]s are n play$4 ,x is usual to =m a pool1 ea* play] deposit+ ! /ake agre$ ^u1 & ! w9n] tak+ all4 ,9 p>tn]%ip games1 ea* los+ play] pays ! successful adv]s>y :o sits to 8 "r4 ,if ?ree pairs 7 engag$1 & ,a-,a won1 ,c & ,b w\ld ea* pay ! ,a sitt+ next him4 ,be=e play beg9s1 x %\ld be und]/ood :o pays = revokes2 ! side or ! play]4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! play] on ! deal]'s left beg9s by lead+ any c>d he *ooses1 & ! o!rs mu/ all foll[ suit if !y c4 ,failure to foll[ suit :5 able is a revoke1 ! p5alty = :i*1 if detect$ & claim$ by ! adv]s>ies1 is ! imm$iate loss ( ! game4 ,:5 !re are m ?an two play]s or two sets ( p>tn]s1 ! revok+ play] or side mu/ pay ! two or m adv]s>ies z if ea* _h won ! game4 ,9 "s places ! individual is made to pay1 n ! side4 ,?is %\ld be und]/ood be=e play beg9s4 ,if sev5 are play+1 & "o is detect$ 9 a revoke1 8 loss is equal to six games4 ,any play] hav+ none ( ! suit l$ may ei!r trump or disc>d4 ,! deal] %\ld take up ! trump c>d :5 x is 8 turn to play to 8 fir/ trick2 aft] :i* x mu/ n be nam$1 al?\gh a play] may be in=m$ :at ! trump suit is4 ,if all foll[ suit1 ! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick1 trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick may lead any c>d he *ooses = ! next2 & s on1 until all ! c>ds h be5 play$4 ,x is n necess>y to keep ! tricks sep>ate1 z at ,:i/2 b "o play] %\ld ga!r = 8 side4 ,:5 two or ?ree play1 ! h&s mu/ be play$ 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y 7 dealt4 ,= in/ance3 ,if ^! are ! h&s3-- ,illu/ration3 ----- ----- ----- ,adv]s>y's3-- #a #c #e ----- ----- ----- #a,,/ ,,set4 #b,,nd ,,set4 #c,,rd ,,set4 ----- ----- ----- ------ ,deal]'s3-- #b #d #f ,trump4 ------ ----- ----- ----- ,! play]s fir/ take up h&s ,nos4 #a & #b2 a c>d is l$ f ,no4 #a1 ! deal] foll[s suit f ,no4 #b1 or trumps1 or disc>ds1 & ! play cont9ues until ^! two h&s are exhau/$4 ,! second set are !n tak5 up & play$ 9 ! same mann]2 ! play] :o won ! la/ trick 9 "o set hav+ ! fir/ lead 9 ! next4 ,f9ally1 ! ?ird set are play$ 9 ! same mann]2 all ! c>ds tak5 by ea* side be+ ga!r$ into "o pile by ! play] :o has won !m4 ,! trump c>d mu/ rema9 on ! table until ! deal] takes up ! la/ h&4 ,:5 ?ree play1 ! set ( h&s fir/ dealt mu/ be fir/ play$1 & !n ! second set tak5 up4 ,! rules = c>ds play$ 9 error1 lead+ out ( turn1 etc41 are ! same z at ,:i/4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! side fir/ scor+ #da po9ts w9s ! game2 & ! *ief object is to secure tricks conta9+ c>ds to :i* a c]ta9 value is atta*$4 ,^! all belong to ! trump suit1 & are ! foll[+3-- ,! ,jack ( trumps c\nts #aa ,! ,ace ( trumps c\nts #d ,! ,k+ ( trumps c\nts #c ,! ,que5 ( trumps c\nts #b ,! ,t5 ( trumps c\nts #aj ,! o!r trumps1 & ! pla9 suit-c>ds1 h no c\nt+ value4 ,! ,jack ( trumps1 be+ ! be/1 mu/ be tak5 9 by ! play] to :om x is dealt2 b any c\rt c>d 9 trumps w w9 ! ,t51 s t "o ( ! pr9cipal objects 9 ,scot* ,:i/ is to cat* ! t54 ,at ! end ( ea* h& ! play]s c\nt ! numb] ( c>ds !y h tak5 9 tricks1 & !y are entitl$ to score "o po9t = ea* above ! numb] orig9ally dealt to !m4 ,= in/ance3 ,if f\r play1 n9e c>ds 7 orig9ally dealt to ea*1 s ea* pair ( p>tn]s held eighte54 ,if at ! end ( ! h& !y h tak5 9 eight tricks1 or ?irty-two c>ds1 !y score #ad po9ts t[>d game1 9 addition to any score !y may h made by w9n+ hon\rs 9 trumps1 or cat*+ ! ,t54 ,if five play1 beg9n+ ) sev5 c>ds ea*1 & at ! end ( ! h& "o play] has tak5 9 fifte51 & ano!r t52 !y score #h & #c respectively1 = c>ds4 ,,scor+4 ,at ! end ( ea* h&1 ea* play] or side %\ld claim all hon\rs won1 & c>ds tak5 94 ,"o play] %\ld keep ! score1 & ann\nce x di/9ctly1 9 ord] t x may be kn[n h[ _m po9ts ea* play] or side requires to w9 ! game4 ,9 ! case ( ties1 ! ,t5 c\nts out fir/2 !n c>ds2 !n ,a ,k ,q ( trumps 9 _! ord]1 & ! ,jack la/4 ,a revoke1 if detect$ & claim$ be=e ! c>ds are cut = ! next deal1 imm$iately ends ! game4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,*eat+4 ,:5 only "o pack is us$1 ! greek c (t5 succe$ 9 deal+ himself ! ,jack ( trumps1 & usually loses no "t 9 m>k+ ! ,t51 s t he c at lea/ di/+ui% ! play] to :om x is dealt4 ,a play] %\ld be c>efully wat*$ :o keeps 8 eyes on ! pack :ile %uffl+1 or :o rivets 8 att5tion on ! backs ( ! c>ds z he deals4 ,two packs %\ld be us$ 9 all r\nd games ( c>ds4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,! *ief c\nt+ elem5ts t are affect$ by ! play be+ ! trump ,t5 & ! c>ds1 x is usual to devote p>ticul> att5tion to w9n+ !m4 ,) ,j ,a ( trumps1 or ,a ,k1 x is be/ to lead two r\nds imm$iately2 b ) a t5ace1 su* z ,j ,k1 or ,a ,q x is bett] to place ! lead on y\r left if possible4 ,! high c>ds 9 ! pla9 suits are capable ( be+ v skilfully manag$ 9 ?is matt] ( plac+ ! lead4 ,x sometimes happ5s t a play] ) ! ,t5 may be f\r? h& on a suit ( :i* he has none2 or he may cat* ! ,t5 ) a small hon\r if x is us$ 9 trump+ 94 ,! p>tn]%ip games (f] _m f9e opportunities = play+ ! ,t5 into ! p>tn]'s h&1 especially :5 x is probable t he has ! be/ trump1 or a bett] trump ?an ! play] on ! left4 ,9 calculat+ ! probabilities ( sav+ ! ,t5 by trump+ 91 x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! great] ! numb] ( play]s1 ! less *ance !re is t a suit w g r\nd m ?an once1 because !re are only n9e c>ds ( ea* suit 9 play4 ,_m play]s1 9 _! anxiety to cat* ! ,t51 ov]look ! possibilities ( _! h&s 9 mak+ c>ds1 ! c\nt = :i* (t5 runs into high figures4 ,close att5tion %\ld be paid to ! score4 ,= in/ance3 ,a wants #d po9ts to w92 ,b wants #aj2 & ,c wants #af4 ,if ,a c see 8 way to w9 ! game by c>ds or small hon\rs1 he %\ld take ! fir/ opportunity ( giv+ ,c ! ,t52 or all[+ him to make x 9 pref]5ce to ,b4 ,z ! ,t5 c\nts fir/1 c>ds & hon\rs next1 ,b may be %ut out1 ev5 if he has ! ,jack4 ,,laws4 ,!re are no special laws = ,scot* ,:i/4 ,! :i/ laws are usually en=c$ = all su* irregul>ities z expos$ c>ds1 lead+ out ( turn1 etc4 ,! mo/ important matt] is ! revoke1 & x %\ld be cle>ly und]/ood be=e play beg9s :e!r ! revoke p5alty is to be paid by ! individual 9 fault1 or by ! side to :i* he belongs4 ,"s play]s ?9k !re %\ld be "s regulation = p5alties 9 su* cases z t ( a play] tak+ up ! wrong h&1 :5 two or m are dealt to ea* play]2 b z no advantage c be ga9$ by ! ex*ange1 x is h>d to see :at "r ! adv]s>y w\ld h to impose a p5alty4 ,,illu/rative ,,scot* ,,:i/ ,,h&4 ,we give a simple example h&1 z an illu/ration ( ! mann] ( play+ ) f\r p]sons2 two be+ p>tn]s aga9/ ! o!r two4 ,z deals & turns he>t #h ---------------------------- ,a ,y ,b ,z ---------------------------- #a ,q ,k #h #i #b ,a ,k ,j #h #c #g #i #f #f #d #h ,j ,k ,a #e ,j #i ,a ,q #f #g #aj ,q #g #g ,a #aj #f ,q #h #i #f ,k #g #i #aj #aj ,j #h ---------------------------- ,a-,b w9 #cj by hon\rs4 ,y-,z w9 #b by c>ds4 ,trick #a4 ,y plays ,k+ second h&1 hop+ x w be tak5 by ! ,ace1 s t he may become ?ird or f\r? play]1 & p]haps save 8 ,t54 ,b1 ) ! m9or t5ace 9 trumps1 plays to avoid ! lead z long z possible4 ,trick #b4 ,y gets rid ( ano!r w9n+ c>d2 ,b keep+ a small c>d to avoid ! lead4 ,trick #c4 ,a returns ! ,club1 read+ ,b = ! ,q or no m4 ,b /ill avoids ! lead1 & ,z is m>k$ z n hav+ ! trump ,t51 or he w\ld h sav$ x4 ,trick #d4 ,z plays to w9 :at c>ds he c4 ,trick #e4 ,b ?r[s ,a to avoid ! lead1 kn[+ ,y has ! trump ,t52 = ,a w\ld h made x on ! second r\nd ( ,spades4 ,a also m>ks x ) ,y1 z ,b does n save x4 ,trick #f4 ,b is n sure :e!r ,y has a ,diamond or a ,club left1 & disc>ds ! w9n+ c>d4 ,trick #g4 ,z plays ,que5 to %ut out ! ,t51 if ) ,a4 ,a kn[s ea* play] has two trumps left1 & t z ! turn-up is /ill ) ,z1 ,b mu/ h ,j or ,k2 = if he held only #g & #f he w\ld h trump$ 9 to make c>ds4 ,trick #h4 ,a leads trumps4 ,if ,y does n play ! ,t51 & ,b has n ! ,jack1 ,b mu/ make f\r c>ds & ! ,k+ by pass+4 ,if ,b has ! ,jack1 he mu/ cat* ! ,t51 no matt] h[ ,y & ,z play4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,fr5* ,,:i/ is ! "n giv5 to a v>iety ( ,scot* ,:i/ 9 :i* ! ,t5 ( ,diamonds c\nts t5 to ^? w9n+ x1 :e!r x is a trump or n4 ,,bo/on4 ,,c>ds4 ,bo/on is play$ ) two packs ( fifty-two c>ds ea*1 :i* rank z at ,:i/1 bo? = cutt+ & play+4 ,,m>k]s are n us$ 9 ,bo/on1 e h& be+ imm$iately settl$ = 9 c\nt]s4 ,^! are usually ( ?ree col\rs2 :ite1 r$1 & blue2 repres5t+ c5ts1 dimes1 & doll>s respectively4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! game ea* play] %\ld be provid$ ) an equal numb]1 ! g5]al proportion be+ #bj :ite1 #ah r$1 & #h blue = ea*4 ,"s "o play] %\ld be select$ to act z ! bank]1 sell+ & r$eem+ all c\nt]s4 ,,/akes4 ,! /akes 9 ,bo/on dep5d ^u ! value ( ! c\nt]s4 ,"o c5t = a :ite c\nt] is consid]$ a pretty /iff game2 because x is q possible = a s+le play] to w9 or lose a ?\s& :ite c\nt]s on "o h&1 & ! paym5ts v seldom fall %ort ( fifty4 ,,! ,,pool4 ,9 addition to ! c\nt]s won & lo/ on ea* h&1 x is usual = ! play]s to make up a pool at ! beg9n+ ( ! game by ea* ( !m deposit+ "o r$ c\nt] 9 a small tray provid$ = ! purpose4 ,?is pool may be increas$ f "t to "t by p5alties2 su* z "o r$ c\nt] = a misdeal2 f\r = a revoke1 or = n hav+ ! prop] numb] ( c>ds1 etc4 ,! :ole am\nt 9 ! pool may be won or lo/ by ! play]s1 accord+ to _! success or failure 9 c]ta9 und]tak+s1 :i* w pres5tly be describ$4 ,:5 empty1 ! pool is repl5i%$ by contributions f ea* play]1 z at fir/4 ,! pool prop] is usually limit$ to #be r$ c\nt]s4 ,:5 x exce$s t am\nt1 ! #be are set aside1 & ! surplus us$ to />t a fre% pool4 ,any play] w9n+ a pool is entitl$ to #be r$ c\nt]s at ! mo/4 ,x w (t5 happ5 t sev]al su* pools w accumulate1 & ea* mu/ be play$ = 9 its turn4 ,at ! end ( ! game any c\nt]s rema9+ 9 ! pool or pools mu/ be divid$ among ! play]s4 ,,play]s4 ,bo/on is play$ by f\r p]sons4 ,if m ?an f\r c&idates (f] = play1 five or six may =m a table2 if !re are m ?an six1 ! selection ( ! table mu/ be made by cutt+1 z at ,:i/4 ,,cutt+4 ,! f\r p]sons :o %all play ! fir/ game are det]m9$ by cutt+1 & !y aga9 cut = ! deal1 ) ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,! play] draw+ ! l[e/ c>d deals1 & *ooses 8 seat2 ! next l[] c>d sits on 8 left1 & s on1 until all are seat$4 ,twelve deals is a game1 at ! end ( :i* ! play]s cut to decide :i* %all g out1 z at ,:i/4 ,x is usual to c\nt ! deals by op5+ ! blade ( a pocket-knife1 :i* is plac$ on ! table by ! play] on ! deal]'s "r4 ,:5 x comes to 8 turn to deal1 he p>tly op5s "o blade4 ,:5 he deals aga9 he op5s x entirely1 & ! ?ird "t he closes x2 t be+ ! ?ird r\nd1 & ! la/ deal ( ! game4 ,illu/ration3 ,,f\r? ,,deal4 ,,eigh? ,,deal4 ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,play]s4 ,! f\r play]s at ,bo/on are di/+ui%$ by ! lett]s ,a ,y ,b ,z4 ,illu/ration3 ,y ------- ,a ,b ------- ,z ,z is ! deal]1 & ,a is kn[n z ! elde/ h&4 ,!re are no p>tn]%ips 9 ,bo/on1 except t ( ?ree play]s comb9$ aga9/ ! f\r?1 :o is always spok5 ( z ! call]4 ,! play]s hav+ once tak5 _! seats are n all[$ to *ange !m )\t ! cons5t ( all ! o!rs at ! table4 ,,deal+4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! game ! two packs are ?or\ghly %uffl$2 aft] :i* !y mu/ n aga9 be %uffl$ dur+ ! progress ( ! game4 ,if a h& is dealt & n play$1 ea* play] mu/ sort 8 c>ds into suits & sequ5ces be=e !y are ga!r$ & dealt aga94 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ea* deal1 "o pack is pres5t$ to ! play]s to be cut2 ea* hav+ ! privilege ( cutt+ once1 ! deal] la/4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left1 ! deal] gives f\r c>ds to ea* play]1 !n f\r m1 & f9ally five2 no trump be+ turn$4 ,! g5]al rules ) reg>d to irregul>ities 9 ! deal are ! same z at ,:i/1 except t a misdeal does n lose ! deal4 ,! misdeal] mu/ deal aga9 ) ! same pack1 aft] ! play]s h sort$ _! c>ds into suits4 ,x is a misdeal if ! deal] fails to pres5t ! pack to ! o!r play]s to cut1 or neglects to cut x himself4 ,%\ld ! deal] expose any ( 8 own c>ds 9 deal+1 t does n invalidate ! deal4 ,! deal passes 9 regul> rotation to ! left1 ea* pack be+ us$ alt]nately4 ,,mak+ ,,! ,,trump4 ,! deal be+ complete1 ! play] opposite ! deal] cuts ! /ill pack1 & ! play] on 8 "r turns up ! top c>d = ! trump4 ,! suit to :i* ?is c>d belongs is call$ ,fir/ ,pref]5ce1 & ! suit ( ! same col\r is call$ ,second ,pref]5ce1 or ,col\r4 ,! two rema9+ suits are kn[n z ,pla9 ,suits = t deal4 ,! c>ds hav+ be5 dealt1 & ! trump turn$1 ea* play] c>efully sorts & c\nts 8 c>ds1 to see t he has ! correct numb]1 ?irte54 ,a play] hav+ m or less ?an 8 "r proportion %\ld at once claim a misdeal2 = if he plays ) a defective h& he _c w9 any?+ t deal1 b mu/ /& 8 proportion ( all losses incurr$1 besides pay+ a =feit ( f\r r$ c\nt]s to ! pool4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ea* play] has an opportunity to ann\nce t he is will+ to und]take to w9 a c]ta9 numb] ( tricks1 if all[$ ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit2 or to lose a c]ta9 numb]1 !re be+ no trumps4 ,9 ei!r case1 he proposes to play s+le-h&$ aga9/ ! ?ree o!r play]s4 ,! play] propos+ ! und]tak+ :i* is mo/ difficult ( accompli%m5t is said to ov]-call ! o!rs1 & mu/ be all[$ to try4 ,if he is successful1 he w9s ! pool1 & is paid a c]ta9 numb] ( c\nt]s by ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies4 ,if he fails1 he mu/ d\ble ! am\nt 9 ! pool1 & pay to ea* ( ! o!r play]s a c]ta9 numb] ( c\nt]s4 ,,ann\ncem5ts4 ,! bids rank 9 ! foll[+ ord]1 beg9n+ ) ! l[e/4 ,! full-fac$ type %[s ! words us$ by ! play]s 9 call+ _! bids3-- ,to w9 five tricks2 ,bo/on4 ,to w9 ,six ,tricks4 ,to w9 ,sev5 ,tricks4 ,to lose twelve tricks1 aft] hav+ disc>d$ a c>d :i* is n to be %[n2 ,little ,misre4 ,to w9 ,eight ,tricks4 ,to w9 ,n9e ,tricks4 ,to lose e trick2 ,gr& ,misre4 ,to w9 ,t5 ,tricks4 ,to w9 ,elev5 ,tricks4 ,to lose twelve tricks1 aft] hav+ disc>d$ a c>d :i* is n to be %[n2 ! s+le play]'s rema9+ twelve c>ds be+ expos$ face up on ! table1 b n liable to be call$2 ,little ,spread4 ,to w9 ,twelve ,tricks4 ,to lose e trick2 ! s+le play]'s c>ds expos$ on ! table1 b n liable to be call$2 ,gr& ,spread4 ,to w9 ,?irte5 ,tricks2 ,gr& ,slam4 ,! object ( ! propos+ play]1 if successful 9 8 bid1 is to w9 or lose ! propos$ numb] ( tricks2 :ile t ( 8 ?ree adv]s>ies is to comb9e to prev5t him f s do+4 ,!re are no hon\rs1 & ! only factor 9 ! c\nt is ! numb] ( tricks tak54 ,! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick2 & trumps1 if any1 w9 aga9/ all o!r suits4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,bidd+4 ,! elde/ h& has ! fir/ say1 & aft] exam9+ 8 c>ds1 & e/imat+ ! numb] ( tricks he c probably take1 mak+ ! trump to suit 8 h&1 he bids accord+ly4 ,x is n necess>y = him to /ate :i* suit he wi%es to make ! trump2 b only ! numb] ( tricks he proposes to w94 ,if he has no proposal to make1 he says di/9ctly2 8,i pass10 & ! o!r play]s 9 turn h an opportunity to bid4 ,if any play] makes a bid1 su* z six tricks1 & any o!r play] ?9ks he c make ! same numb] ( tricks ) a trump ( ! same col\r z ! turn-up1 t is1 ,second ,pref]5ce1 he ov]-calls ! fir/ bidd] by say+ 8,i keep20 or he may repeat ! numb] bid1 say+ 8,six "h40 ,?is is simply bidd+ to w9 ! numb] ( tricks 9 col\r4 ,! orig9al call] may hold 8 bid1 or a ?ird play] may ov]bid bo?1 by say+2 8,i keep ov] y10 or 8,six "h40 ,?is means t he w und]take to w9 ! numb] ( tricks already bid1 ) ! turn-up suit = trumps4 ,9 ord] to ov]-call su* a bid z ?is1 any o!r play] w\ld h to ann\nce a great] numb] ( tricks4 ,= in/ance2 ,z deals1 & turns a he>t4 ,a calls six tricks1 int5d+ to "n he>ts trumps2 b n say+ s4 ,b passes2 ,y says 8,i ,keep40 ,?is ann\nces to ! table t ,y w play ) a r$ trump1 & ,a kn[s he is bidd+ on diamonds4 ,z passes1 & ,a says2 8,i keep ov] y40 ,b !n bids sev5 tricks1 & if ,a w n risk sev5 tricks 9 he>ts1 ,b w be ! successful bidd]4 ,if ,a %\ld bid sev5 tricks by keep+ ov] ,b1 ! latt] mu/ "k t x is useless = him to bid aga9 unless he c make m tricks 9 diamonds ?an ,a c 9 he>ts2 = ,a's bid1 be+ 9 fir/ pref]5ce1 w always outrank ,b's = ! same numb] ( tricks4 ,a play] once hav+ pass$ _c come into ! bidd+ aga91 except to call "o ( ! misres4 ,9 ! example j giv51 ei!r ,y or ,z1 aft] hav+ twice pass$1 might h outbid ! sev5 tricks by call+ a little misre4 ,su* a bid c1 ( c\rse1 be ent]ta9$ only :5 x outranks any bid already made4 ,a play] is n compell$ to bid ! full value ( 8 h&2 b x is to 8 int]e/ to g z ne> to x z he c ) safety2 because1 z we %all see pres5tly1 ! m he bids ! m he is paid4 ,= in/ance3 ,if he c make t5 tricks1 b bids sev5 only1 he w be paid = ! ?ree ov]-tricks1 if he makes !m2 b ! paym5t = sev5 bid & t5 tak51 is only #bb c\nt]s2 :ile ! paym5t = t5 bid & t5 tak5 is #db4 ,z he receives f ea* adv]s>y1 a play] :o und]bid 8 h& 9 ?is mann] w\ld lose #fj c\nt]s by 8 timidity4 ,x sometimes happ5s t no "o w make a proposal ( any sort4 ,x is v unusual to pass ! deal4 ,! trump is g5]ally turn$ d[n1 & a ,gr& is play$1 )\t any trump suit4 ,?is is sometimes call$ a ,misre ,p>t\t1 or 8all-r\nd pov]ty02 & ! object ( ea* play] is to take z few tricks z possible4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,no matt] :o is ! successful bidd]1 ! elde/ h& always leads = ! fir/ trick1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c1 ! play proce$+ exactly z at ,:i/4 ,! tricks %\ld be c>efully /ack$1 s t !y c be readily c\nt$ by any play] )\t call+ att5tion to !m4 ,! laws provide a sev]e p5alty = draw+ att5tion to ! score 9 ?is mann]4 ,suppose a play] has call$ eight tricks4 ,an adv]s>y hesitates 9 8 play1 & ano!r rea*es ov] & c\nts ! tricks 9 front ( ! call]1 f9d+ he has sev54 ,?is is tantam\nt to say+ to ! play] :o hesitates3 8,if y don't w9 t trick1 ! call succe$40 ,9 su* a case1 ! s+le play] may at once dem& ! play ( ! highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit2 or t ! adv]s>ies trump or refra9 f trump+ ! trick4 ,9 all calls except misres & slams1 ! h&s %\ld be play$ out1 9 ord] to all[ ! play]s to make :at ov]-tricks !y c2 b ! mom5t a misre play] takes a trick1 or a slam play] loses "o1 ! h&s are ?r[n up1 & ! /akes paid4 ,x is usual to %[ ! c>ds to ! bo>d1 9 ord] to satisfy ea* play] t no revoke has occurr$4 ,:5 ,little ,misre is call$1 ea* play] disc>ds "o c>d1 :i* mu/ n be %[n1 & ! h& is !n play$ out ) ! rema9+ twelve c>ds4 ,:5 ,spreads are call$1 ! call]'s c>ds mu/ be plac$ face upw>ds on ! table be=e a c>d is play$4 ,if x is a ,little ,spread1 ! disc>d ( ea* play] mu/ rema9 unkn[n4 ,! adv]s>ies h no control ( ! mann] ( play+ ! expos$ c>ds1 :i* _c be call$1 & may be play$ 9 any mann] suit$ to ! judgm5t ( ! s+le play]1 provid$ he foll[s suit :5 able4 ,,revokes4 ,if a play] oppos$ to ! call] revokes1 b discov]s 8 mi/ake 9 "t to save himself1 he may be call$ ^u by ! s+le play] = 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit l$2 or ! c>d play$ 9 error may be claim$ z an expos$ c>d4 ,if ! highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit is call$1 ! c>d play$ 9 error is tak5 up4 ,if ! call] revokes1 & discov]s 8 mi/ake 9 "t1 he is n liable to any p5alty1 unless an adv]s>y has play$ to ! next trick4 ,9 t case ! revok+ c>d mu/ be left on ! table1 & is liable to be call$4 ,:5 ! s+le play] revokes1 he loses ! call 9 any case1 & at lea/ "o trick besides4 ,he mu/ also d\ble ! pool1 & add to x a revoke =feit ( f\r r$ c\nt]s4 ,= in/ance3 ,a bids eight tricks1 & 8 adv]s>ies detect & claim a revoke4 ,z he is suppos$ to h lo/ 8 bid1 & "o trick m1 he may be said to h bid eight1 & tak5 only sev52 los+ #bc :ite c\nt]s to ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies1 d\bl+ ! pool1 & !n pay+ a =feit ( f\r r$ c\nt]s4 ,9 "s places ! =feit is omitt$1 & 9 o!rs x takes ! place ( d\bl+ ! pool4 ,x is n usual to play ! h& out aft] a revoke is claim$ & prov$4 ,if an adv]s>y ( ! s+le play] revokes1 he & 8 p>tn]s mu/ ea* pay ! call] j z if he _h be5 successful1 & mu/ also pay him = ?ree ov]-tricks z =feit1 provid$ 8 bid 0 n m ?an n9e tricks2 = ! bid & ! ov]-tricks toge!r mu/ n exce$ ?irte5 tricks4 ,9 addition to ?is1 ! individual play] 9 fault mu/ pay f\r r$ c\nt]s z =feit to ! pool4 ,9 "s places he is made to d\ble ! pool2 b ?is is manife/ly unfair1 z he c\ld n w9 ! am\nt 9 ! pool 9 any case1 & !re=e %\ld n lose x4 ,9 a ,misre ,p>t\t1 ! revok+ play] pays five r$ c\nt]s to ea* adv]s>y1 & deposits a =feit ( f\r r$ c\nt]s 9 ! pool4 ,! h&s are imm$iately ?r[n up if ! revoke is claim$ & prov$4 ,,c>ds ,,play$ ,,9 ,,error4 ,! s+le play] is n liable to any p5alty = c>ds play$ 9 error1 or l$ out ( turn1 except ^? tak5 back to save a revoke2 b 8 adv]s>ies are liable to ! usual :i/ p5alties = all su* irregul>ities4 ,! s+le play] c =bid ! use ( an expos$ trump = ruff+1 & c dem& or prev5t ! play ( an expos$ c>d 9 pla9 suits1 provid$ he does n ask ! adv]s>y to revoke4 ,if a suit is l$ ( :i* an adv]s>y has an expos$ c>d on ! table1 ! s+le play] may call ^u him to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( t suit4 ,if a play] has ann\nc$ ,little ,misre1 & "o ( ! adv]s>ies leads be=e ! o!rs h disc>d$1 ! call] may imm$iately claim ! pool & /akes4 ,if any adv]s>y ( a misre play] leads out ( turn1 or exposes a c>d1 or plays be=e 8 prop] turn 9 any trick1 ! bidd] may at once claim ! pool & /akes4 ,9 all su* cases x is usual = ! individual 9 fault to pay a =feit ( f\r r$ c\nt]s t[>d ! next pool4 ,9 ,misre ,p>t\t1 !re is no p5alty = c>ds play$ 9 error1 or l$ out ( turn4 ,,paym5ts4 ,if ! call] succe$s 9 w9n+ ! propos$ numb] ( tricks1 he is paid by ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies accord+ to ! value ( 8 bid1 & ! numb] ( ov]-tricks he w9s1 if any4 ,! v>i\s paym5ts are %[n 9 ?is table3-- ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,numb] ( tricks bid by ,numb] actually tak5 by him4 play]4 ----------------------------------- #e #f #g #h #i #aj #aa #ab #ac ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ,five #ab #ab #ac #ac #ad #ad #ad #ae #ae ,six #ae #af #af #ag #ah #ai #bj #bj ,sev5 #ah #bj #ba #bb #bc #bd #bf ,eight #bc #bd #bf #bh #bi #ca ,n9e #cb #cd #cf #ci #da ,t5 #db #de #dh #eb ,elev5 #fc #fh #gb ,twelve #ajf #aad ,?irte5 #aff ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ,! ,am]ican sy/em is n to pay ! successful bidd] = any ov]-tricks4 ,?is is to make him bid up 8 h&1 & to save "t2 z h&s ne$ n be play$ out :5 ! bidd] has made or c %[ ! numb] ( tricks bid4 ,tricks bid #e #f #g #h #i #aj #aa #ab #ac ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,am\nt4 #aj #ae #bj #be #ce #de #fe #aje #agj ,if ! call] fails 9 8 und]tak+1 he mu/ pay ea* adv]s>y accord+ to ! numb] ( tricks by :i* he fail$ to rea* 8 bid4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] bidd+ eight1 & tak+ only sev51 is said to be 8put 9 =0 "o trick1 & he w\ld h to pay ea* adv]s>y #bc :ite c\nt]s4 ,^! paym5ts are %[n 9 ?is table3-- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,tricks bid ,numb] ( tricks by :i* ! play] falls %ort by ! ( 8 decl>ation4 play]4 --------------------------------------- #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj #aa #ab #ac ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,five #aa #ba #ca #da #ej ,six #ae #bd #ce #de #ee #ff ,sev5 #ai #bi #dj #ej #fj #gb #hb ,eight #bc #cd #df #ef #fg #gh #hiaaj ,n9e #cc #dd #eg #fh #hb #ibajcaaeabg ,t5 #dd #ef #gj #hb #idajgaaiacbadeaeg ,elev5 #fg #hj #ieajiabcachaeaafeahjaidbjh ,twelve #aacacjadhafeahbbjjbagbcdbebbgjbhfcjd ,?irte5 #aggaihbbbbdabfbbhdcjecbfcdhcficijdabdcc ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,we give ! same table r$uc$ to ! ,am]ican decimal sy/em1 9 :i* =m x is commonly f\nd 9 ! clubs4 ,x may be rem>k$ 9 pass+ t ! table is v illogical & inconsi/5t1 ! paym5ts be>+ no relation to ! probabilities ( ! ev5ts4 ,"s ( !m provide = impossibilities1 unless ! play] has miscall$ ! trump suit1 & is held to x1 b we h no au?ority to *ange !m4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,numb] ( tricks bidd] is 8put 9 =40 ,tricks ---------------------------------------- bid4 #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj #aa #ab #ac ---------------------------------------- -------- ,five #aj #bj #cj #dj #ej ,six #ae #be #ce #de #ee #fe ,sev5 #bj #cj #dj #ej #fj #gj #hj ,eight #be #ce #de #ee #gj #heajjaae ,n9e #ce #de #ee #fe #hj #ieaajabeadj ,t5 #de #ee #gj #hj #ieaajabeadjaeeagj ,elev5 #gj #hj #ieaajabeadjaeeagjahebjjbbj ,twelve #abjacjadeafjahjbjjbbjbdjbfjbhjcjjcbj ,?irte5#ahjbjjbbjbdjbfjbhjcjjcbjcdjcfjci jdbjdej ---------------------------------------- -------- ,if a misre is bid1 ! call] w9s f1 or loses to ea* adv]s>y accord+ to ! foll[+ table1 !re be+ no ov]-tricks3-- ,little ,misre1 #bj :ite c\nt]s4 ,gr& ,misre1 #dj :ite c\nt]s4 ,little ,spread1 #hj :ite c\nt]s4 ,gr& ,spread1 #afj :ite c\nt]s4 ,x may be obs]v$ t ea* ( ^! is twice ! am\nt ( ! next l[]4 ,:5 misre p>t\t is play$1 ! p]son w9n+ ! l>ge/ numb] ( tricks is ! only los]1 & he mu/ pay ea* ( ! o!r play]s ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! numb] ( 8 tricks & !irs 9 r$ c\nt]s4 ,! numb] ( r$ c\nt]s lo/ w always be f\nd to be ?ree times ! numb] ( tricks tak51 m9us ! numb] ( tricks n tak54 ,= in/ance3 ,a w9s #d tricks1 ?ree times :i* is #ab2 f :i* he d$ucts #i1 ! numb] he did n take1 & f9ds 8 loss to be #c r$ c\nt]s4 ,aga92 ,a w9s #g tricks2 ?ree times :i* is #ba2 m9us #f tricks n tak51 a net loss ( #ae4 ,no matt] 9 :at proportion ! o!r tricks may be divid$ betwe5 ! ?ree o!r play]s1 ?is total paym5t w always be f\nd correct4 ,= in/ance3 ,a w9s #f tricks2 ,y #b2 ,b #e2 & ,z none4 ,a loses #f x #c #ah-g #aa1 ( :i* he gives #d to ,y2 #a to ,b2 & #f to ,z4 ,if two play]s tie = ! greate/ numb] ( tricks tak51 !y calculate _! losses 9 ! same mann]2 b ea* pays only half ! total4 ,= in/ance3 ,a & ,y ea* take #e tricks2 ,b tak+ #a1 & ,z #b4 ,! #g r$ c\nt]s lo/ by ,a & ,y be+ divid$1 %[s a loss ( #ce :ite c\nt]s = ea* ( !m4 ,if ?ree play]s take f\r tricks apiece1 !y ea* pay ! f\r? man a r$ c\nt]4 ,,w9n+ ,,! ,,pool4 ,besides ! :ite c\nt]s won & lo/ by ! play]s individually1 ! successful call] takes ! pool1 provid$ he has made a bid ( sev5 tricks or bett]1 :i* is call$ a pool bid4 ,any l[] bid does n entitle him to ! pool1 unless ! o!r play]s compel him to play ! h& out4 ,9 ord] to save ! pool1 x is usual = ! adv]s>ies1 be=e play+ to ! second trick1 to say3 8,i pay40 ,if all agree to pay1 ! bidd] mu/ accept ! am\nt ( 8 bid )\t any ov]-tricks1 & ! pool is n t\*$4 ,if a play] has made a pool bid1 & ! adv]s>ies1 be=e play+ to ! second trick1 agree to pay1 !y _c prev5t ! call] f tak+ ! pool2 b !y save possible ov]-tricks4 ,! agreem5t ( ! adv]s>ies to pay mu/ be unanim\s4 ,misre ,p>t\t does n t\* ! pool4 ,if ! h& is play$ out1 & ! call] fails1 he mu/ d\ble ! pool1 :e!r he has made a pool bid or n4 ,if !re is m ?an "o pool1 he mu/ d\ble ! fir/ "o1 :i* w ( c\rse conta9 ! limit4 ,?is w simply h ! effect ( =m+ an additional pool to be play$ =4 ,:5 !re are sev]al pools on ! table1 a successful call] takes any ( ^? t conta9 ! limit4 ,:5 !re is only "o pool on ! table1 he mu/ be satisfi$ ) its cont5ts1 h[ev] small4 ,at ! end ( ! game1 aft] ! twelf? h& has be5 settl$ =1 x is usual to divide ! pool or pools equally among ! play]s4 ,b sometimes a gr& is play$ )\t trumps1 mak+ a ?irte5? h&1 & ! pool is giv5 to ! play] w9n+ ! la/ trick4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,*eat+4 ,!re be+ no %uffl+ at ,bo/on1 & ea* play] hav+ ! "r to cut ! pack1 ! greek mu/ be v skilful :o c secure himself any advantage by hav+ ! la/ cut1 unless he has ! c\rage to use w$ges4 ,b ,bo/on is usually play$ = su* high /akes t x naturally attracts ^? possess+ a high degree ( skill1 & ! sy/em adopt$ is usually t ( c\nt+ d[n4 ,! greek w wat* = a h& 9 :i* !re is little *ang+ ( suits1 & w note ! mann] ( tak+ up ! c>ds4 ,! next h& does n int]e/ him1 z he is busy /udy+ ! location ( ! c>ds 9 ! /ill pack4 ,:5 ?is comes into play on ! next deal1 he w foll[ e cut1 & f9ally cut = himself s t ! desir$ di/ribution ( ! suits %all come ab\t4 ,ev5 if he fails to secure an inv9cible h& = bidd+ on himself1 he kn[s s ne>ly ! cont5ts ( ! o!r h&s t he c bid !m up1 & aft]w>ds play aga9/ !m to great advantage4 ,x is unnecess>y to say t if a greek c m>k ! c>ds1 ! game becomes a walkov]1 ev5 if he c recollect only ! h& on 8 left4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,bo/on s closely resembles ,solo ,:i/ 9 su* matt]s z bidd+1 & play+ s+le-h&$ aga9/ ?ree o!rs1 t ! read] may be ref]r$ to t game = ! outl9es ( ! pr9ciples t %\ld guide him 9 e/imat+ ! probable value ( 8 h&1 play+ = tricks or = misres1 & comb9+ =ces ) 8 p>tn]s = ! purpose ( defeat+ ! s+le play]4 ,= laws1 see ,:i/ ,family ,laws4 ,,bo/on ,,de ,,fonta9ebleau4 ,?is game is sometimes1 b incorrectly1 call$ ,fr5* ,bo/on4 ,! latt] w be describ$ 9 its prop] place4 ,,c>ds4 ,bo/on de ,fonta9ebleau is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds4 ,two packs are g5]ally us$4 ,! c>ds rank z at ,:i/1 bo? = cutt+ & play+4 ,,m>k]s are n us$1 c\nt]s tak+ _! place4 ,^! are usually ( ! col\rs & values1 & are di/ribut$ among ! play]s z already describ$ 9 ,bo/on4 ,,/akes4 ,z a guide 9 settl+ ^u ! unit value1 x may be not$ t ! l>ge/ am\nt possible to w9 or lose on a s+le h& is #b1djj :ite c\nt]s2 ! smalle/ am\nt be+ #cj4 ,! av]age is ab\t #cjj4 ,,! ,,pool4 ,9 addition to ! c\nt]s won or lo/ on ea* h&1 a pool is =m$ by ea* deal] 9 8 turn plac+ five c\nt]s 9 a small tray provid$ = ! purpose4 ,?is pool may be increas$ by p5alties1 etc41 & ! :ole am\nt may be won "u c]ta9 conditions1 z at ,bo/on4 ,!re is no limit to ! am\nt ( a s+le pool4 ,,play]s4 ,! numb] ( play]s1 me?ods ( ,cutt+1 ,deal+1 etc41 are ! same z ^? already describ$ 9 connection ) ,bo/on1 except t no trump is turn$ = fir/ pref]5ce1 ! suits always hav+ a det]m9$ rank2 diamonds be+ fir/1 he>ts next1 !n clubs1 & la/ spades4 ,no-trump1 or 8gr&10 outranks diamonds4 ,twelve deals is a game2 aft] :i* ! play]s cut out if !re are m ?an f\r belong+ to ! table1 or if o!r c&idates are wait+ to play4 ,,p5alties1 = play+ ) m or less ?an ! prop] numb] ( c>ds1 etc41 are ! same z at ,bo/on4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,^! are id5tical ) ,bo/on1 b in/ead ( d\bl+ ! pool1 ! play] :o is unsuccessful 9 8 und]tak+ pays into ! pool ! same am\nt t he loses to ea* ( ! o!r play]s4 ,,ann\ncem5ts4 ,! bids rank 9 ! ord] foll[+2 beg9n+ ) ! l[e/4 ,! full-fac$ type %[ ! words us$ by ! play]s 9 call+ _! bids4 ,x w be notic$ t ! ord] is n ! same z 9 ,bo/on1 & t an additional bid is introduc$1 call$ ,piccolissimo4 ,to w9 #e tricks1 ,bo/on4 ,to w9 ,six ,tricks4 ,to lose #ab tricks1 aft] hav+ disc>d$ a c>d :i* is n to be %[n2 ,little ,misre4 ,to w9 ,sev5 ,tricks4 ,to w9 "o trick1 nei!r m nor less1 aft] hav+ disc>d$ a c>d :i* is n to be %[n1 !re be+ no trump suit2 ,piccolissimo4 ,to w9 ,eight ,tricks4 ,to lose e trick1 no trump suit1 ,gr& ,misre4 ,to w9 ,n9e ,tricks4 ,to lose #ab tricks1 aft] hav+ disc>d$ a c>d :i* is n to be %[n2 ! s+le play]'s rema9+ twelve c>ds be+ expos$ face up on ! table1 b n liable to be call$2 ,little ,spread4 ,to w9 ,t5 ,tricks4 ,to lose e trick1 no trump suit1 ! s+le play]'s c>ds be+ expos$ on ! table1 b n liable to be call$2 ,gr& ,spread4 ,to w9 ,elev5 ,tricks4 ,to w9 ,twelve ,tricks4 ,to w9 #ac tricks2 ,slam4 ,to w9 #ac tricks1 ! s+le play]'s c>ds expos$ face up on ! table1 b n liable to be call$2 ,spread ,slam4 ,! object ( ! bidd]1 if successful 9 secur+ ! privilege ( play+1 is to w9 or lose ! propos$ numb] ( tricks1 aga9/ ! comb9$ ef=ts ( 8 adv]s>ies4 ,hav+ once made a bid1 he mu/ play x unless he is ov]-call$4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,bidd+4 ,! elde/ h& has ! fir/ say1 & aft] exam9+ 8 h&1 & decid+ on ! bid mo/ appropriate to x1 if any1 he makes 8 ann\ncem5t4 ,if 8 proposal is to w9 a c]ta9 numb] ( tricks ) a c]ta9 suit = trumps1 he mu/ "n ! suit1 say+1 8,eight ,spades10 or 8,sev5 ,diamonds10 z ! case may be4 ,if he proposes to play )\t any trump suit1 he ann\nces1 8,sev5 ,gr&10 or :atev] ! numb] may be4 ,su* a bid ov]-calls "o ( ! same numb] 9 diamonds4 ,if ! elde/ h& has no proposal to make1 he says1 8,i pass10 & ! o!rs 9 turn h an opportunity to bid4 ,! bids outrank "o ano!r accord+ to _! ord] 9 ! =ego+ table1 & ! rank ( ! suits 9 :i* !y are made4 ,! play]s bid aga9/ "o ano!r1 until all b "o decl>e to pass1 he !n becomes ! s+le play] aga9/ ! ?ree o!rs4 ,a play] hav+ once pass$ _c come into ! bidd+ aga91 ev5 to call a misre4 ,9 ?is respect ! game diff]s f ,bo/on4 ,a play] is n compell$ to bid ! full value ( 8 h&1 b x is to 8 int]e/ to d s1 & he %\ld make ! full ann\ncem5t ! fir/ "t he bids1 because if he has _h a good h& = t5 tricks1 & beg9s ) a bid ( sev51 he _c increase 8 proposal unless "s play] bids ov] him4 ,,p>tn]s4 ,be=e play+1 ! successful bidd] may call = a p>tn] if he *ooses to d s4 ,! play] accept+ him und]takes t ! two toge!r %all w9 ?ree tricks m ?an ! numb] bid4 ,= in/ance3 ,a has successfully bid sev5 9 diamonds1 & asks = a p>tn]4 ,if ,y accepts him !y make no *ange 9 _! positions at ! table1 b play into ea* o!r's h&s1 j z at ,solo ,:i/1 ,b & ,z be+ p>tn]s aga9/ !m4 ,a & ,y toge!r mu/ w9 t5 tricks1 ) diamonds = trumps4 ,if no "o makes a proposal ( any sort1 ,misre ,p>t\t is play$2 !re be+ no trump suit4 ,! play] or play]s tak+ ! lea/ numb] ( tricks w9 or divide ! pool4 ,!re are no o!r losses or ga9s 9 ,misre ,p>t\t4 ,,hon\rs4 ,9 any call 9 :i* !re is a trump suit1 ! ,a ,k ,q & ,j ( trumps are hon\rs1 & may be c\nt$ by ! successful bidd] if he c>ries out 8 proposal4 ,if ! s+le play]1 or a call] & 8 p>tn] h all f\r hon\rs dealt !m1 !y score z = f\r ov]-tricks2 if ?ree1 z = two ov]-tricks4 ,hon\rs d n c\nt = ! adv]s>ies "u any circum/ances4 ,9 bidd+ on a h&1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t al?\gh hon\rs w c\nt z ov]-tricks 9 paym5ts1 !y _c be bid on4 ,if a play] has n9e tricks & two by hon\rs 9 8 h&1 he _c bid elev54 ,if he bids n9e & fails to make s _m1 he _c c\nt ! hon\rs at all4 ,x is gr[+ less & less ! cu/om to c\nt hon\rs 9 ,am]ica4 ,a play] mak+ a bid c be compell$ to play x2 b x is usual to all[ him to pay in/ead ( play+1 if he proposes to d s1 ei!r because he has ov]bid 8 h& or = any o!r reason4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,no matt] :o is ! successful bidd]1 ! elde/ h& always leads = ! fir/ trick1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c1 ! play proce$+ exactly z 9 ,:i/4 ,tricks %\ld be c>efully /ack$1 !re be+ ! same p5alties z 9 ,bo/on = call+ att5tion to ! score4 ,! me?ods ( play+ misres & spreads h already be5 describ$ 9 connection ) ,bo/on4 ,:5 piccolissimo is play$1 ! mom5t ! s+le play] takes m ?an "o trick ! h&s are ?r[n up1 & ! /akes paid4 ,,revokes4 ,! rules gov]n+ ^! & c>ds play$ 9 error1 are ! same z at ,bo/on4 ,9 piccolissimo1 ! p5alties are ! same z 9 misre4 ,,paym5ts4 ,if ! call] succe$s 9 w9n+ ! propos$ numb] ( tricks1 he is paid by ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies accord+ to ! value ( 8 bid1 z %[n 9 ,table ,no4 #a4 ,ov]-tricks if any1 & hon\rs1 if play$1 are always paid at ! uni=m rate ( five :ite c\nt]s ea*4 ,if ! call] fails1 he mu/ pay ea* adv]s>y ! am\nt he w\ld h won if successful1 ) ! addition ( five :ite c\nt]s = e trick t he falls %ort ( 8 proposal4 ,= in/ance3 ,he bids n9e he>ts1 & w9s six tricks only4 ,he mu/ pay ea* adv]s>y #aae :ite c\nt]s4 ,,table ,no4 #a4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,! trump be+ ,no --------------- ,extra trump4 tricks4 ---------------------------------------- -------------- ,bo/on1 five tricks #aj #bj #cj #e ,six tricks #cj #dj #ej #e ,little misre #ge ,sev5 tricks #ej #fj #gj #e ,piccolissimo #ajj ,eight tricks #gj #hj #ij #e ,gr& misre #aej ,n9e tricks #ij #ajj #aaj #e ,little spread #bjj ,t5 tricks #aaj #abj #acj #e ,gr& spread #bej ,elev5 tricks #acj #adj #aej #e ,twelve tricks #aej #afj #agj #e ,slam1 ?irte5 tricks #djj #dej #ejj ,spread slam #fjj #gjj #hjj ,,table ,no4 #b4 ,9 ,am]ica1 ! la/ two items are usually r$uc$1 & are giv5 z foll[s3-- ,slam1 ?irte5 tricks #bej #cjj #cej ,spread slam #cej #djj #dej ---------------------------------------- -------------- ,:y a play] %\ld be paid m = spreads ?an = elev5 or twelve tricks :ile ! trick bid outranks ! spreads1 is difficult to und]/&2 b we h no au?ority to *ange ! tables4 ,misre ,p>t\t w9s no?+ b ! pool4 ,if p>tn]s play1 x is usual = ! los]s to pay ! adv]s>ies on _! "r2 or1 if p>tn]s sit toge!r1 to pay ! adv]s>y sitt+ next4 ,,! ,,pool4 ,besides ! :ite c\nt]s won & lo/ by ! play]s individually1 ! successful play] takes ! pool4 ,successful p>tn]s divide x equally1 reg>dless ( ! numb] ( tricks bid or tak5 by ea*4 ,if ! p>tn]s fail1 !y mu/ contribute to ! pool an am\nt equal to t :i* !y pay to "o adv]s>y4 ,= in/ance3 ,a calls sev5 diamonds1 & asks = a p>tn]4 ,y accepts him1 & ! pair w9 only n9e tricks4 ,ea* pays #ace c\nt]s to ! adv]s>y sitt+ next him1 & !n !y make up #ace m betwe5 !m = ! pool4 ,ask+ = a p>tn] is n a popul> v>iation ( ! game1 & is seldom resort$ to unless ! successful bid is v l[1 or has be5 made on a black suit4 ,if ! adv]s>ies ( ! call] decl>e to pay1 be=e play+ to ! second trick1 !y c save no?+ b possible ov]-tricks4 ,! pool goes ) e successful play4 ,if ! s+le play] is unsuccessful1 he does n d\ble ! pool1 z 9 ,bo/on1 b pays into x ! same am\nt t he loses to ea* adv]s>y1 ov]-tricks & all2 s t he really loses f\r times ! am\nt %[n 9 ! table4 ,at ! end ( ! game1 or on ! twelf? h&1 if ! call] does n succe$1 he pays ! pool z usual1 & 8 adv]s>ies !n divide x among/ !mselves4 ,! ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play1 etc41 are giv5 9 connection ) ,solo ,:i/ & ne$ no fur!r amplification = ,bo/on de ,fonta9bleau4 ,! ,laws v>y s little f ^? us$ 9 ! regul> game ( ,bo/on t x is n necess>y to give an additional code1 ei!r = ,fonta9bleau or = ,fr5* ,bo/on1 :i* foll[s4 ,,fr5* ,,bo/on4 ,,c>ds4 ,fr5* ,bo/on is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank z at ,:i/1 bo? = cutt+ & play+2 except t ! diamond ,jack is always ! be/ trump unless diamonds are turn$ up1 9 :i* case ! he>t ,jack becomes ! be/ trump1 & ! diamond ,jack ranks next bel[ ! diamond ,que54 ,,c\nt]s are us$ z 9 ,bo/on1 _! value be+ a matt] ( agreem5t be=e play beg9s4 ,,! ,,pool is made up by ! deal]'s contribut+ t5 c\nt]s = ! fir/ eight r\nds1 & tw5ty = ! la/ two4 ,x is increas$ f "t to "t by p5alties1 & is won or lo/ by ! play]s1 j z 9 ,bo/on4 ,!re is no limit to ! pool4 ,if any play] objects to divid+ x at ! end ( ! game1 x mu/ be play$ = until "s play] w9s x4 ,,play]s4 ,! numb] ( play]s1 _! arrangem5t at ! table1 etc41 is precisely ! same z at ,bo/on4 ,,cutt+4 ,in/ead ( cutt+ = ! fir/ deal1 any "o ( ! play]s takes a pack ( c>ds1 & gives ?irte5 to ea* play] 9 succession1 face up4 ,! play] to :om he gives ! diamond ,jack deals ! fir/ h&1 & has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,! o!rs sit z !y please4 ,,deal+4 ,! c>ds are %uffl$ be=e e deal4 ,! play] on ! left ( ! deal] cuts1 & c>ds are giv5 fir/ to ! play] on ! deal]'s "r1 deal+ f "r to left4 ,! c>ds may be dealt "o at a "t1 or ?ree at a "t1 or f\r at a "t1 always deal+ ! la/ r\nd s+ly1 & turn+ up ! la/ c>d4 ,a misdeal loses ! deal4 ,o!r irregul>ities are gov]n$ by ! same laws z 9 ,bo/on4 ,! deal passes to ! "r1 & ! next deal] is indicat$ by ! position ( ! tray conta9+ ! pool1 :i* ! deal] always passes to ! play] on 8 "r1 aft] putt+ 9 8 t5 or tw5ty c\nt]s4 ,=ty deals is a game2 ! fir/ ?irty-two ( :i* are call$ 8simples10 & ! la/ eight 8d\bles40 ,9 ! d\bles1 all /akes & contributions to ! pool are d\bl$4 ,if any?+ rema9s 9 ! pool at ! end1 x is divid$ equally1 unless a play] dem&s t x %all be play$ = until won4 ,su* extra deals are simples4 ,,rank ,,( ,,! ,,suits4 ,! suit turn$ on ! fir/ deal is call$ 8belle0 = t game4 ,! suit turn$ on ea* succe$+ deal is call$ 8petite40 ,if belle turns up aga91 !re is no petite = t deal4 ,! suits are n fir/ & second pref]5ce1 z 9 ,bo/on1 b are us$ only to det]m9e ! value ( ! paym5ts1 & to settle :i* suits p>tn]s mu/ "n = trumps4 ,! rank ( ! suits is p]man5t1 z 9 ,bo/on de ,fonta9bleau1 b ! ord] is1 he>ts1 diamonds1 clubs1 & spades2 he>ts be+ highe/4 ,9 ,france1 ! suits rank 9 ?is ord] 9 ,bo/on de ,fonta9bleau1 b 9 ,am]ica diamonds outrank he>ts4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,ea* play] 9 turn has an opportunity to ann\nce t he is will+ to und]take to w9 a c]ta9 numb] ( tricks1 if all[$ ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit2 or to lose a c]ta9 numb]1 !re be+ no trump suit4 ,if he proposes to play alone1 he may select any suit = trumps2 b if he takes a p>tn] ! trump suit mu/ be belle or petite4 ,! ann\ncem5ts outrank ea* o!r 9 c]ta9 ord]1 & ! play] mak+ ! highe/ mu/ be all[$ to play4 ,if he succe$s 9 8 und]tak+1 he w9s ! pool1 & is also paid a c]ta9 numb] ( c\nt]s by ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies4 ,if he fails1 he mu/ d\ble ! pool1 & pay ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies4 ,! table ( paym5ts w be giv5 lat]4 ,,ann\ncem5ts4 ,! proposals rank 9 ! ord] foll[+1 beg9n+ ) ! l[e/4 ,! ,fr5* t]ms are giv5 9 italics3-- ,five tricks2 or eight ) a p>tn]1 9 petite4 ,simple 9 petite4 ,five tricks2 or eight ) a p>tn]1 9 belle4 ,simple 9 belle4 ,six tricks solo1 9 any suit4 ,petite indep5d5ce4 ,little misre4 ,petite misre4 ,eight tricks solo 9 any suit4 ,gr& indep5d5ce4 ,gr& misre4 ,gr& misre1 or misre sans ec>t4 ,misre ) f\r aces4 ,misre des quatre z4 ,n9e tricks 9 any suit4 ,neuf4 ,n9e tricks 9 petite4 ,neuf en petite4 ,n9e tricks 9 belle4 ,neuf en belle4 ,little spread4 ,petite misre sur table4 ,gr& spread4 ,gr& misre sur table4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,bidd+4 ,! play] to ! "r ( ! deal] has ! fir/ say4 ,if he proposes to take a p>tn] z 9 ,solo ,:i/1 he says1 8,je dem&e10 at ! same "t plac+ "o ( 8 c>ds face d[nw>d on ! table4 ,?is c>d mu/ n be %[n or nam$1 b mu/ be ( ! suit :i* he proposes to make ! trump4 ,he is n all[$ to ann\nce ! suit1 s t any play] accept+ him z a p>tn] does s 9 ignorance z to :e!r he w play 9 belle or 9 petite4 ,if ! dem& is accept$1 ! propos] & 8 p>tn] make no *ange 9 _! positions at ! table1 b mu/ make eight tricks1 j z 9 ,solo ,:i/4 ,if a play] _c propose1 he says3 8,je passe10 & ea* ( ! o!rs 9 turn f "r to left h ! opportunity to make a proposal4 ,:5 any play] proposes1 any play] 9 turn aft] him may accept1 al?\gh su* a "o may h already pass$4 ,if ! f\r? play] proposes1 ! ?ree o!rs hav+ pass$1 & no "o w accept him he is b\nd to play solo aga9/ ?ree su* weak adv]s>ies1 & mu/ make five tricks1 ei!r 9 belle or 9 petite4 ,he is n all[$ to play 9 a pla9 suit if he has made a simple 8dem&40 ,! only solo bids all[$ are ^? = six1 eight1 or n9e tricks1 :i* outrank "o ano!r4 ,a play] _c bid sev5 to ov]-call six2 he mu/ g to eight2 & a play] _c bid five tricks )\t a p>tn]1 al?\gh1 z we h j se51 he may be =c$ to play 9 t mann]4 ,:5 six1 eight1 or n9e tricks are bid1 ! suits outrank "o ano!r = equal numb]s ( tricks2 b z ! suit call$ ne$ n be ! bidd]'s true int5tion1 nor ! same z ! c>d laid on ! table1 ! propos] mu/ be c>eful t 8 play w be z good z 8 bid4 ,= in/ance3 ,he int5ds n9e tricks 9 spades1 b proposes eight 9 diamonds4 ,he _c bid n9e 9 diamonds1 = t w\ld be a bett] bid ?an he int5ds to play2 b ! ruse may succe$ 9 induc+ a play] n to bid aga9/ him1 hop+ diamonds is ! true suit4 ,x is a common artifice to bid ! true suit1 because few w believe x to be su*4 ,if clubs are belle1 & diamonds petite1 & a play] :o 8dem&s0 is ov]-call$ by a dem& 9 belle1 or a call ( six tricks1 ! fir/ call] _c advance 8 bid to six tricks except 9 ! suit :i* he has already laid on ! table2 b he may accept ! play] ov]-call+ him1 in/ead ( bidd+ aga9/ him4 ,aft] a play] has once accept$ or pass$1 he _c bid misre4 ,if no "o makes a proposition ( any k9d1 ! h&s are ?r[n up2 ! next deal] contributes to ! pool1 & a fre% h& is dealt4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,z 9 ,bo/on1 ! elde/ h& has ! fir/ lead1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c1 except 9 ! misre des quatre z4 ,:5 ?is is play$1 ! bidd] may r5\nce at pleasure = ! fir/ t5 tricks4 ,,ga!r+ ,,tricks4 ,:5 a p>tn]%ip is =m$1 ea* ga!rs ! tricks he takes4 ,if ! p>tn]%ip loses1 ! "o :o has n 8 complem5t ( tricks mu/ pay ! adv]s>ies & d\ble ! pool4 ,if ! dem&] has n five1 & ! acceptor has ?ree1 ! dem&] pays4 ,if ! propos] has five1 & ! acceptor has n ?ree1 ! acceptor pays2 b !y bo? w9 if !y h eight tricks betwe5 !m1 no matt] 9 :at proportion4 ,if nei!r has tak5 8 prop] %>e1 !y mu/ bo? pay4 ,:5 !y are successful1 !y divide ! pool4 ,,slams4 ,if a play] has dem&$1 & n be5 accept$1 & has be5 =c$ to play alone = five tricks1 b w9s eight1 x is call$ a slam4 ,b z he did n wi% to play alone1 8 only paym5t1 besides ! pool1 is #bd c\nt]s f ea* play] if he play$ 9 petite2 #dh if 9 belle2 d\ble ^? am\nts if ! deal 0 "o ( ! la/ eight 9 ! game4 ,if two p>tn]s make a slam1 ?irte5 tricks1 !y take ! pool1 & receive f ea* adv]s>y #bd c\nt]s if !y play$ 9 petite2 #dh if 9 belle2 d\ble if 9 "o ( ! la/ eight h&s 9 ! game4 ,,expos$ ,,c>ds4 ,! laws gov]n+ ^! are almo/ id5tical ) ^? 9 ,bo/on1 ) ! additional rule t a play] all[+ a c>d to fall ^u ! table face up be=e play beg9s1 c be =c$ to play indep5d5ce 9 t suit4 ,,revokes4 ,! individual play] :o is detect$ 9 a revoke mu/ d\ble ! pool1 & pay bo? adv]s>ies4 ,,paym5ts4 ,paym5ts are made accord+ to ! table4 ,! play] hold+ diamond ,jack receives two c\nt]s f ea* ( ! o!r play]s 9 a simple2 f\r 9 a d\ble2 except 9 misres1 9 :i* ! c>d has no value4 ,misres are paid = accord+ to ! trump turn$ 9 ! deal 9 :i* !y are play$4 ,if a he>t is turn$1 & little misre is play$1 ! paym5t is #fd c\nt]s to or f ea* play]4 ,if a spade 0 turn$1 ! paym5t w\ld be #af only4 ,?ree hon\rs betwe5 p>tn]s c\nt z ?ree3 f\r z f\r4 ,be+ all 9 "o h& does n increase _! value4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,! ,bid4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,five tricks alone1 or p>tn]s' #h #d #h #ab #af ,?ree hon\rs #c #f #i #ab ,f\r hon\rs #d #h #ab #af ,ea* extra trick #a #b #c #d ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,six tricks1 or petite indep5d5ce #f #ab #ah #bd ,?ree hon\rs #d #h #ab #af ,f\r hon\rs #f #ab #ah #bd ,ea* extra trick #b #d #f #h ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,eight tricks1 or gr& indep5d5ce #h #af #bd #cb ,?ree hon\rs #f #ab #ah #bd ,f\r hon\rs #h #af #bd #cb ,ea* extra trick #d #h #ab #af ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,petite misre #af #cb #dh #fd ,gr& misre #cb #fd #if #abh ,misre de quatre z #cb #fd #if #abh ,misre sur table #fd #abh #aib #bef ,slam deux 7p>tn]s7 #ej #ajj #aej #bjj ,slam seul 7alone7 #ajj #bjj #cjj #djj ,slam sur table #bjj #djj #fjj #hjj ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,,russian ,,bo/on4 ,?is is a v>iation ( ,bo/on de ,fonta9bleau4 ,a play] hold+ c>te blan*e decl>es x be=e play+1 & receives t5 c\nt]s f ea* ( ! o!r play]s4 ,c>te blan*e is ! same ?+ z *icane 9 ,bridge1 no trump 9 ! h&4 ,b 9 ,bridge ! play] is p5aliz$ = ann\nc+ x until aft] ! h& is play$4 ,! ord] ( ! suits is ! same z 9 ,am]ican ,bo/on de ,fonta9bleau3 diamonds1 he>ts1 clubs1 & spades4 ,:5 a play] bids six1 sev51 or eight tricks1 he is suppos$ to be /ill will+ to take a p>tn]1 unless he specifies solo4 ,:5 a p>tn] accepts him1 ! comb9ation mu/ make f\r tricks m ?an ! orig9al proposal4 ,f\r hon\rs are paid = z f\r ov]-tricks2 ?ree hon\rs z two ov]-tricks4 ,piccolissimo is play$1 & comes betwe5 ! bids ( sev5 & eight tricks4 ,,g]man ,,:i/4 ,,c>ds4 ,g]man ,:i/ is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank z at ,:i/1 bo? = cutt+ & play+4 ,,play]s4 ,two p]sons play4 ,!y cut = ! fir/ deal1 & ! *oice ( seats4 ,,deal+4 ,! deal] pres5ts ! pack to 8 adv]s>y to be cut1 & !n gives ?irte5 c>ds to ea* play]1 "o at a "t1 turn+ up ! tw5ty-sev5? c>d = ! trump1 & lay+ x on ! talon1 or rema9d] ( ! pack4 ,,play+4 ,! non-deal] beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases1 & 8 adv]s>y mu/ foll[ suit if he c4 ,! w9n] ( ! fir/ trick takes ! trump c>d into 8 h&1 & 8 adv]s>y takes ! c>d imm$iately "u x1 b )\t %[+ or nam+ x4 ,ea* play] ?us re/ores ! numb] ( c>ds 9 8 h& to ?irte54 ,! c>d :i* is n[ on ! top ( ! talon is turn$ up1 & ! w9n] ( ! next trick mu/ take x1 8 adv]s>y tak+ ! "o "u x1 z be=e1 & turn+ up ! next4 ,9 ?is mann] x w be se5 t ! w9n] ( ea* trick mu/ always get a c>d :i* is kn[n to 8 adv]s>y1 :ile ! los] ( ! trick gets "o :i* rema9s unkn[n4 ,:5 ! talon is exhau/$1 ! ?irte5 c>ds 9 ea* h& %\ld be kn[n to bo? play]s if !y h be5 obs]vant1 & ! end game becomes a problem 9 d\ble dummy4 ,,/akes4 ,! game is usually play$ = s mu* a po9t1 ! play] hav+ won ! majority ( ! tricks receiv+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! numb] ( 8 tricks & ^? ( 8 adv]s>y4 ,ea* game is complete 9 "o h&4 ,9 _m respects ! game resembles s+le-h&$ ,he>ts1 except t 9 ,he>ts none ( ! c>ds drawn are %[n4 ,,*9ese ,,:i/4 ,,c>ds4 ,*9ese ,:i/ is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank z at ,:i/1 bo? = cutt+ & play+4 ,,m>k]s4 ,ord9>y :i/ m>k]s are us$ = scor+ ! po9ts4 ,,play]s4 ,two1 ?ree or f\r p]sons c play ,*9ese ,:i/4 ,:5 ?ree play1 ! spade deuce is ?r[n out ( ! pack4 ,p>tn]s & deal are cut = f an outspread pack1 z at ,:i/4 ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,play]s4 ,:5 f\r play1 ! p>tn]s sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,:5 ?ree play1 ! "o cutt+ ! l[e/ c>d *ooses 8 seat1 & dictates ! positions ( ! two o!r play]s4 ,,deal+4 ,:5 f\r play1 ! pack is %uffl$ & cut z at ,:i/4 ,! deal] !n gives six c>ds to ea* play]1 "o at a "t1 beg9n+ on 8 left4 ,^! six c>ds are !n spread face d[n on ! table 9 front ( ! play]s to :om !y h be5 dealt1 b )\t be+ look$ at4 ,six m are !n dealt to ea*1 "o at a "t1 & ^! are turn$ face up1 & sort$ into suits4 ,!y are !n laid face up on ! top ( ! six c>ds :i* are ly+ on ! table face d[n1 s z to cov] !m4 ,! la/ f\r c>ds are !n dealt1 "o to ea* play]4 ,^! la/ are reta9$ 9 ! h&1 & mu/ n be %[n or nam$2 !y are usually call$ ! 8d[n c>ds40 ,,mak+ ,,! ,,trump4 ,aft] exam9+ ! c>ds expos$ on ! table1 & ! d[n c>d 9 8 own h&1 ! deal] has ! privilege ( nam+ any suit he pleases = trumps4 ,no consultation ) p>tn] is all[$4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! play] to ! left ( ! deal] beg9s by lead+ any "o ( 8 expos$ c>ds1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c2 ei!r ) "o ( _! expos$ c>ds1 or ) _! d[n c>ds4 ,a play] hav+ none ( ! suit l$ may ei!r disc>d or trump4 ,! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,! side w9n+ ! trick takes x 9 & arranges x j z at ,:i/4 ,be=e lead+ = ! next trick all c>ds :i* h be5 uncov]$ are turn$ face up4 ,if any p]son has play$ 8 d[n c>d he w h no c>d to turn up1 none hav+ be5 uncov]$4 ,! c>ds _c "u any circum/ances be %ift$ f _! orig9al positions4 ,if a play] has five c>ds face up1 cov]+ five c>ds face d[n1 he _c %ift "o ( ! expos$ c>ds to ! empty six? place1 & uncov] ano!r c>d4 ,all cov]+ c>ds mu/ be got rid ( 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,,p5alties = revokes1 c>ds l$ out ( turn1 etc41 are ! same z at ,:i/4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,z 9 ,:i/1 ! object is to w9 tricks1 all above six c\nt+ "o po9t t[>d game4 ,five1 sev51 or t5 po9ts may be made ! game1 at ! option ( ! play]s1 b t5 is ! usual numb]4 ,hon\rs are n c\nt$ except by agreem5t4 ,,/akes4 ,x is usual to play = s mu* a po9t or a game4 ,if po9ts are play$1 ! los]'s score mu/ be d$uct$ f ! w9n]'s1 & ! diff]5ce is ! value ( ! game won4 ,,:5 ,,?ree ,,play1 eight c>ds are dealt to ea* p]son1 & arrang$ face d[n2 !n eight m1 arrang$ face up1 & !n "o to ea* = d[n c>ds4 ,!re are no p>tn]%ips2 ea* plays = himself aga9/ ! o!rs4 ,,:5 ,,two ,,play1 twelve c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 & arrang$ face d[n2 !n twelve m1 arrang$ face up1 & !n two d[n c>ds to ea*4 ,x is usual to deal all ! c>ds two at a "t4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,*9ese ,:i/ v closely resembles ,dummy1 & ! *ief elem5t ( success is ! skilful use ( t5ace4 ,memory also plays an important "p1 x be+ especially necess>y to rememb] :at c>ds are /ill unplay$ 9 ea* suit4 ,:ile ! d[n c>ds are held a play] _c be sure ( tak+ a trick by lead+ a c>d high] ?an any 8 adv]s>y has expos$1 because "o ( ! d[n c>ds may be bett]4 ,if a play] is %ort ( trumps1 b has z _m & bett] ?an ^? ( 8 adv]s>y1 x is (t5 good play to lead & draw ! weak] trumps be=e ! adv]s>y turns up high] ones to protect !m4 ,= in/ance3 "o play] may h #aj #h1 & 8 adv]s>y ! #i alone4 ,if ! #aj is l$ ! #i w probably be caught1 unless "o ( ! adv]se d[n c>ds is bett]4 ,if ! #aj is n l$ ! adv]s>y may turn up an hon\r1 & w !n h major t5ace ov] ! #aj & #h4 ,! end game always (f]s "s int]e/+ problems = solution by ! exp]t 9 t5ace position1 & 9 plac+ ! lead4 ,,:i/ ,,family ,,laws4 ,:ile ! code ( laws drawn up by ! ,am]ican ,:i/ ,league1 & f9ally approv$ & adopt$ at ! ,?ird ,congress1 9 ,*icago1 ,june #bj? to #bd?1 #ahic1 ref]s exclusively to ! p>5t game ( ,:i/1 its g5]al provisions equally apply to all memb]s ( ! :i/ family ( games4 ,! au?or believes x w save mu* repetition & confusion to int]l9eate ! exceptions :i* are necess>y 9 ord] to cov] ! special features ( su* important v>iations z ,bo/on1 ,cay5ne1 & ,solo ,:i/4 ,:]e no exceptions are made1 ! law applies equally to ^! games & to ,:i/4 ,! unnumb]$ p>agraphs %[ ! ins]t$ laws4 ,x is a common practice = ! fram]s ( laws to ins]t rules :i* are simply descriptive ( ! mann] ( play4 ,! au?or believes 9 adh]+ to ! prop] def9ition ( a law1 :i* is a rule c>ry+ ) x "s p5alty = its infraction1 or def9+ ! rights ( individual play]s4 ,su* a /atem5t z t ! ,dummy play] may n ov]look 8 adv]s>y's h& is n a law1 because !re is no p5alty if he does s4 ,! au?or is n responsible = ! peculi> gramm> employ$ 9 bo? ! ,am]ican & ,engli% ,laws4 ,,! ,,game4 #a4 ,a game consi/s ( sev5 po9ts1 ea* trick above six c\nt+ "o4 ,! value ( ! game is det]m9$ by d$uct+ ! los]s' score f sev54 ,9 ,bo/on1 ! game is f9i%$ 9 twelve deals4 ,9 ,cay5ne1 a game consi/s ( t5 po9ts1 ea* trick above six c\nt+ t[>ds game accord+ to ! table ( values4 ,hon\rs & ,slams also c\nt t[>ds game4 ,e h& mu/ be play$ out1 & all po9ts made 9 excess ( ! t5 requir$ to w9 ! game are c\nt$ on ! next game2 s t x is possible to w9 two or ?ree games 9 "o h&4 ,9 ,nullo1 e trick ov] ! book is c\nt$ by ! adv]s>ies4 ,play]s _c c\nt out by hon\rs alone2 !y mu/ w9 ! odd trick or /op at ! score ( n9e4 ,if "o side goes out by c>ds1 ! o!r _c score hon\rs4 ,! rubb] is won by ! side t fir/ w9s f\r games ( t5 po9ts ea*4 ,! value ( ! rubb] is det]m9$ by add+ #h po9ts to ! w9n]s' score = tricks1 hon\rs1 & slams1 & !n d$uct+ ! score ( ! los]s4 ,9 ,solo ,:i/1 ! game is complete 9 "o deal1 & ! value ( x is det]m9$ by ! play]'s success or failure 9 8 und]tak+1 & mu/ be settl$ = at ! end ( ! h&1 accord+ to ! table ( paym5ts4 ,,=m+ ,,! ,,table4 #b4 ,^? fir/ 9 ! room h ! pref]5ce4 ,if1 by reason ( two or m arriv+ at ! same "t1 m ?an f\r assemble1 ! pref]5ce among ! la/ com]s is det]m9$ by cutt+1 a l[] cut giv+ ! pref]5ce ov] all cutt+ high]4 ,a complete table consi/s ( six2 ! f\r hav+ ! pref]5ce play4 ,p>tn]s are det]m9$ by cutt+2 ! highe/ two play aga9/ ! l[e/ two2 ! l[e/ deals & has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,9 ,bo/on & 9 ,solo ,:i/1 a table is complete ) f\r play]s4 ,9 cutt+ = positions at ! table1 ! l[e/ has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds1 & ! two highe/ sit opposite ea* o!r4 #c4 ,if two play]s cut int]m$iate c>ds ( equal value1 !y cut aga92 ! l[] ( ! new cut plays ) ! orig9al l[e/4 #d4 ,if ?ree play]s cut c>ds ( equal value1 !y cut aga94 ,if ! f\r? has cut ! highe/ c>d1 ! two l[e/ ( ! new cut are p>tn]s1 & ! l[e/ deals4 ,if ! f\r? has cut ! l[e/ c>d1 he deals1 & ! two highe/ ( ! new cut are p>tn]s4 #e4 ,at ! end ( a game1 if !re are m ?an f\r belong+ to ! table1 a suffici5t numb] ( ! play]s retire to admit ^? await+ _! turn to play4 ,9 det]m9+ :i* play]s rema9 91 ^? :o h play$ a less numb] ( consecutive games h ! pref]5ce ov] all :o h play$ a great] numb]2 betwe5 two or m :o h play$ an equal numb]1 ! pref]5ce is det]m9$ by cutt+1 a l[] cut giv+ ! pref]5ce ov] all cutt+ high]4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ,cay5ne1 & ,solo ,:i/1 at ! end ( a game a new table mu/ be =m$1 ^? already 9 hav+ no pref]5ce ov] fre% c&idates4 #f4 ,to entitle "o to ent] a table1 he mu/ decl>e 8 int5tion to d s be=e any "o ( ! play]s has cut = ! purpose ( comm5c+ a new game or ( cutt+ out4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ,cay5ne1 & ,solo ,:i/1 ?is rule does n apply4 ,,cutt+4 #g4 ,9 cutt+1 ! ace is ! l[e/ c>d4 ,all mu/ cut f ! same pack4 ,if a play] exposes m ?an "o c>d1 he mu/ cut aga94 ,draw+ c>ds f ! outspread pack may be resort$ to 9 place ( cutt+4 ,,%uffl+4 #h4 ,be=e e deal1 ! c>ds mu/ be %uffl$4 ,:5 two packs are us$1 ! deal]'s p>tn] mu/ collect & %uffle ! c>ds = ! ensu+ deal & place !m at 8 "r h&4 ,9 all cases ! deal] may %uffle la/4 ,9 ,bo/on & 9 ,cay5ne1 two packs mu/ be us$2 & 9 ,bo/on !re mu/ be no %uffl+ ( ei!r pack aft] ! fir/ deal4 #i4 ,a pack mu/ n be %uffl$ dur+ ! play ( a h&1 nor s z to expose ! face ( any c>d4 ,,cutt+ ,,to ,,! ,,deal]4 #aj4 ,! deal] mu/ pres5t ! pack to 8 "r h& adv]s>y to be cut2 ! adv]s>y mu/ take a portion f ! top ( ! pack & place x t[>d ! deal]2 at lea/ f\r c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet2 ! deal] mu/ reunite ! packets by plac+ ! "o n remov$ 9 cutt+ ^u ! o!r4 #aa4 ,if1 9 cutt+ or reunit+ ! sep>ate packets1 a c>d is expos$1 ! pack mu/ be re%uffl$ by ! deal]1 & cut aga92 if !re is any confusion ( ! c>ds1 or d\bt z to ! place :]e ! pack 0 sep>at$1 !re mu/ be a new cut4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ! pack mu/ be cut aga92 b n %uffl$4 #ab4 ,if ! deal] re%uffles ! pack aft] x has be5 prop]ly cut1 he loses 8 deal4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ,cay5ne1 & ,solo ,:i/1 ! misdeal] mu/ deal aga94 ,,deal+4 #ac4 ,:5 ! pack has be5 prop]ly cut & reunit$1 ! deal] mu/ di/ribute ! c>ds1 "o at a "t1 to ea* play] 9 regul> rotation1 beg9n+ at 8 left4 ,! la/1 :i* is ! trump c>d1 mu/ be turn$ up be=e ! deal]4 ,at ! end ( ! h&1 or :5 ! deal is lo/1 ! deal passes to ! play] next to ! deal] on 8 left1 & s on to ea* 9 turn4 ,9 ,solo ,:i/1 ! c>ds are di/ribut$ ?ree at a "t until only f\r rema9 9 ! pack4 ,^! are dealt "o at a "t1 & ! la/ turn$ up = trump4 ,9 ,bo/on & 9 ,cay5ne1 ! c>ds are dealt f\r at a "t = two r\nds1 & !n five at a "t4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,aft] ! c>ds h be5 dealt ! play] opposite ! deal] pres5ts ! /ill pack to be cut by ! play] on ! deal]'s left1 & ! top c>d ( ! portion left on ! table is turn$ up4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ,cay5ne1 or ,solo ,:i/1 ! deal is nev] lo/4 ,! same deal] deals aga9 ) ! same pack4 #ad4 ,!re mu/ be a new deal by ! same deal]3-- ,i4 ,if any c>d except ! la/ is fac$ 9 ! pack4 ,,ii4 ,if1 dur+ ! deal or dur+ ! play ( ! h&1 ! pack is prov$ incorrect or imp]fect2 b any prior score made ) t pack %all /&4 #ae4 ,if1 dur+ ! deal1 a c>d is expos$1 ! side n 9 fault may dem& a new deal1 provid$ nei!r ( t side has t\*$ a c>d4 ,if a new deal does n take place1 ! expos$ c>d is n liable to be call$4 #af4 ,any "o deal+ out ( turn1 or ) 8 adv]s>ies' pack1 may be /opp$ be=e ! trump c>d is turn$1 aft] :i* ! deal is valid1 & ! packs1 if *ang$1 s rema94 ,9 ,bo/on & ,cay5ne1 ! deal] mu/ be /opp$ be=e ! la/ c>d is dealt4 ,,misdeal+4 #ag4 ,x is a misdeal3-- ,i4 ,if ! deal] omits to h ! pack cut1 & 8 adv]s>ies discov] ! error be=e ! trump c>d is turn$1 & be=e look+ at any ( _! c>ds4 ,,ii4 ,if he deals a c>d incorrectly1 & fails to correct ! error be=e deal+ ano!r4 ,,iii4 ,if he c\nts ! c>ds on ! table or 9 ! rema9d] ( ! pack4 ,,iv4 ,if1 hav+ a p]fect pack1 he does n deal to ea* play] ! prop] numb] ( c>ds1 & ! error is discov]$ be=e all h play$ to ! fir/ trick4 ,v4 ,if he looks at ! trump c>d be=e ! deal is complet$4 ,,vi4 ,if he places ! trump c>d face d[nw>d ^u 8 own or any o!r play]'s c>ds4 ,a misdeal loses ! deal1 unless1 dur+ ! deal1 ei!r ( ! adv]s>ies t\*es a c>d or 9 any o!r mann] int]rupts ! deal]4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ,cay5ne1 & ,solo ,:i/1 ! misdeal] deals aga9 ) ! same c>ds4 ,9 ,bo/on he =feits a r$ c\nt] to ! pool = 8 error4 ,,! ,,trump ,,c>d4 #ah4 ,! deal] mu/ leave ! trump c>d face upw>d on ! table until x is 8 turn to play to ! fir/ trick2 if x is left on ! table until aft] ! second trick has be5 turn$ & quitt$1 x is liable to be call$4 ,aft] x has be5 lawfully tak5 up1 x mu/ n be nam$1 & any play] nam+ x is liable to h 8 highe/ or 8 l[e/ trump call$ by ei!r adv]s>y4 ,a play] may1 h[ev]1 ask :at ! trump suit is4 ,?is law does n apply to ,bo/on1 or ,cay5ne4 ,9 ,bo/on & 9 ,cay5ne1 no trump is turn$1 b a c>d is cut f ! /ill pack to det]m9e ! rank ( ! suits4 ,see ,law #ac4 ,9 ,cay5ne1 ! trump suit mu/ be nam$ by ! deal] or 8 p>tn] aft] !y h exam9$ _! c>ds4 ,! deal] has ! fir/ say1 & he may select any ( ! f\r suits1 or he may ann\nce 8gr&10 play+ = ! tricks )\t any trump suit4 ,9 ,cay5ne1 he may ann\nce 8nullo10 play+ to take z few tricks z possible1 !re be+ no trump suit4 ,if ! deal] makes 8 *oice1 8 p>tn] mu/ abide by x2 b if ! deal] has n a h& to ju/ify him 9 decid+1 he may leave ! *oice to 8 p>tn]1 :o mu/ decide4 ,a decl>ation once made _c be *ang$4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,! ,,h&s4 #ai4 ,if1 at any "t aft] all h play$ to ! fir/ trick1 ! pack be+ p]fect1 a play] is f\nd to h ei!r m or less ?an 8 correct numb] ( c>ds & 8 adv]s>ies h _! "r numb]1 ! latt]1 ^u ! discov]y ( su* surplus or defici5cy1 may consult & %all h ! *oice3-- ,i4 ,to h a new deal2 or ,,ii4 ,to h ! h& play$ out1 9 :i* case ! surplus or miss+ c>d or c>ds are n tak5 into acc\nt4 ,if ei!r ( ! adv]s>ies also has m or less ?an 8 correct numb]1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if any play] has a surplus c>d by reason ( an omission to play to a trick1 8 adv]s>ies c ex]cise ! =ego+ privilege only aft] he has play$ to ! trick foll[+ ! "o 9 :i* su* omission occurr$4 ,9 ,bo/on1 if at any "t x is discov]$ t a play] oppos$ to ! bidd] has less ?an 8 prop] numb] ( c>ds1 :e!r ?r\gh ! fault ( ! deal]1 or ?r\gh hav+ play$ m ?an "o c>d to a trick1 he & 8 p>tn]s mu/ ea* pay ! bidd] = 8 bid & all ov]-tricks4 ,if ! bidd] has less ?an 8 prop] numb] ( c>ds1 he is put 9 = "o trick at lea/1 & 8 adv]s>ies may dem& ! h& to be play$ out to put him 9 = ov]-tricks4 ,9 ,misre ,p>t\t1 any play] hav+ less ?an 8 prop] numb] ( c>ds =feits five r$ c\nt]s to ea* ( ! o!r play]s1 & ! h&s are ab&on$4 ,if any play] has m ?an ! prop] numb] ( c>ds1 x is a misdeal1 & ! misdeal] deals aga91 aft] =feit+ "o r$ c\nt] to ! pool4 ,9 ,solo ,:i/1 ! deal /&s good4 ,%\ld ! play] ) ! incorrect numb] ( c>ds be ! call] or 8 p>tn]1 ! h& mu/ be play$ out4 ,%\ld ! call] make good 8 proposition1 he nei!r receives nor pays on t h&4 ,if he fails1 he mu/ pay4 ,%\ld ! play] ) ! defective h& be ! adv]s>y ( ! call]1 he & 8 p>tn]s mu/ pay ! /akes on t h&1 :i* may !n be ab&on$4 ,%\ld two play]s h an incorrect numb] ( c>ds1 "o ( !m be+ ! call]1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,,c>ds ,,liable ,,to ,,be ,,call$4 #bj4 ,! foll[+ c>ds are liable to be call$ by ei!r adv]s>y3-- ,i4 ,e c>d fac$ ^u ! table o!rwise ?an 9 ! regul> c\rse ( play1 b n includ+ a c>d l$ out ( turn4 ,,ii4 ,e c>d ?r[n ) ! "o l$ or play$ to ! curr5t trick4 ,! play] mu/ indicate ! "o l$ or play$4 ,,iii4 ,e c>d s held by a play] t 8 p>tn] sees any portion ( its face4 ,,iv4 ,all ! c>ds 9 a h& l[]$ or %[n by a play] s t 8 p>tn] sees m ?an "o c>d ( x4 ,v4 ,e c>d nam$ by ! play] hold+ x4 ,9 ,bo/on & ,solo ,:i/ !re are no p5alties = c>ds expos$ by ! s+le play]1 because he has no p>tn] to take advantage ( ! in=mation4 #ba4 ,all c>ds liable to be call$ mu/ be plac$ & left face upw>ds on ! table4 ,a play] mu/ lead or play !m :5 call$1 provid$ he c d s )\t revok+4 ,! call may be repeat$ at ea* trick until ! c>d is play$4 ,a play] _c be prev5t$ f lead+ or play+ a c>d liable to be call$2 if he c get rid ( x 9 ! c\rse ( play1 no p5alty rema9s4 ,9 ,bo/on & 9 ,solo ,:i/1 if ! expos$ c>d is a trump1 ! own] may be call$ ^u by 8 adv]s>y n to use x = ruff+4 ,if ! suit ( ! expos$ c>d is l$1 :e!r trump or n1 ! adv]s>y may dem& t ! c>d be play$ or n play$2 or t ! highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit be play$4 ,if ! own] ( ! expos$ c>d has no o!r ( ! suit1 ! p5alty is paid4 ,p5alties mu/ be exact$ by play]s 9 _! prop] turn1 or ! "r to exact !m is lo/4 ,= in/ance3 ,9 ,solo ,:i/1 ,a is ! propos]1 ,b ! acceptor1 & ,b has an expos$ c>d 9 front ( him4 ,:5 ,y plays he %\ld say :e!r or n he wi%es to call ! expos$ c>d4 ,if he says no?+1 ,b mu/ await ,z's decision4 #bb4 ,if a play] leads a c>d bett] ?an any 8 adv]s>ies hold ( ! suit1 & !n leads "o or m o!r c>ds )\t wait+ = 8 p>tn] to play1 ! latt] may be call$ ^u by ei!r adv]s>y to take ! fir/ trick1 & ! o!r c>ds ?us improp]ly play$ are liable to be call$2 x makes no diff]5ce :e!r he plays !m "o aft] ! o!r1 or ?r[s !m all on ! table toge!r1 aft] ! fir/ c>d is play$1 ! o!rs are liable to be call$4 #bc4 ,a play] hav+ a c>d liable to be call$ mu/ n play ano!r until ! adv]s>ies h /at$ :e!r or n !y wi% to call ! c>d liable to ! p5alty4 ,if he plays ano!r c>d )\t await+ ! decision ( ! adv]s>ies1 su* o!r c>d also is liable to be call$4 ,,lead+ ,,out ,,( ,,turn4 #bd4 ,if any play] leads out ( turn1 a suit may be call$ f him or 8 p>tn]1 ! fir/ "t x is ! turn ( ei!r ( !m to lead4 ,! p5alty c be en=c$ only by ! adv]s>y on ! "r ( ! play] f :om a suit c be lawfully call$4 ,if a play]1 s call$ on to lead a suit1 has none ( x1 or if all h play$ to ! false lead1 no p5alty c be en=c$4 ,if all h n play$ to ! trick1 ! c>ds errone\sly play$ to su* false lead are n liable to be call$ & mu/ be tak5 back4 ,9 ,bo/on1 if ! adv]s>y ( ! bidd] leads out ( turn1 & ! bidd] has n play$ to ! trick1 ! latt] may call a suit f ! play] ^: prop] turn x is to lead2 or1 if x is ! bidd]'s own lead1 he may call a suit :5 next ! adv]s>ies obta9 ! lead2 or he may claim ! c>d play$ 9 error z an expos$ c>d4 ,if ! bidd] has play$ to ! trick ! error _c be rectifi$4 ,%\ld ! bidd] lead out ( turn1 & ! play] on 8 left foll[ ! errone\s lead1 ! error _c be correct$4 ,9 ,misres1 a lead out ( turn by ! bidd]'s adv]s>y imm$iately loses ! game1 b !re is no p5alty = lead+ out ( turn 9 ,misre ,p>t\t4 ,,play+ ,,out ,,( ,,turn4 #be4 ,if ! ?ird h& plays be=e ! second1 ! f\r? h& also may play be=e ! second4 #bf4 ,if ! ?ird h& has n play$1 & ! f\r? h& plays be=e ! second1 ! latt] may be call$ ^u by ! ?ird h& to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ c>d ( ! suit l$ or1 if he has none1 to trump or n to trump ! trick4 ,9 ,bo/on1 & 9 ,solo ,:i/1 %\ld an adv]s>y ( ! s+le play] play out ( turn1 ! bidd] may call ^u ! adv]s>y :o has n play$ to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit l$1 or to w9 or n to w9 ! trick4 ,if ! adv]s>y ( a ,misre play] leads or plays out ( turn1 ! bidd] may imm$iately claim ! /akes4 ,9 ,solo ,:i/1 ! individual play] 9 fault mu/ pay = himself & = 8 p>tn]s4 ,,ab&on$ ,,h&s4 #bg4 ,if all f\r play]s ?r[ _! c>ds on ! table1 face upw>ds1 no fur!r play ( t h& is p]mitt$4 ,! result ( ! h&1 z !n claim$ or admitt$1 is e/abli%$1 provid$ t1 if a revoke is discov]$1 ! revoke p5alty atta*es4 ,9 ,solo ,:i/1 %\ld ! bidd] ab&on 8 h&1 he & 8 p>tn]1 if any1 mu/ pay ! /akes & settle = all ov]-tricks z if !y _h lo/ all ! rema9+ tricks4 ,if a play]1 n ! bidd]1 ab&ons 8 h&1 8 p>tn] or p>tn]s may dem& ! h& to be play$ out ) ! ab&on$ h& expos$1 & liable to be call$ by ! adv]s>y4 ,if !y defeat ! call !y w9 no?+1 b ! play] :o ab&on$ 8 h& mu/ pay ! call] j z if he _h be5 successful4 ,if ! p>tn] or p>tn]s ( ! expos$ h& lose1 !y mu/ pay _! %>e ( ! losses4 ,,revok+4 #bh4 ,a revoke is a r5\nce 9 error1 n correct$ 9 "t4 ,a play] r5\nces 9 error1 :51 hold+ "o or m c>ds ( ! suit l$1 he plays a c>d ( a diff]5t suit4 ,a r5\nce 9 error may be correct$ by ! play] mak+ x1 be=e ! trick 9 :i* x occurs has be5 turn$ & quitt$1 unless ei!r he or 8 p>tn]1 :e!r 9 8 "r turn or o!rwise1 has l$ or play$ to ! foll[+ trick4 #bi4 ,if a play] corrects 8 mi/ake 9 "t to save a revoke1 ! c>d improp]ly play$ by him is liable to be call$2 any play] or play]s1 :o h play$ aft] him1 may )draw _! c>ds & sub/itute o!rs2 ! c>ds s )drawn are n liable to be call$4 ,9 ,bo/on1 if ! bidd] revokes & corrects himself 9 "t1 !re is no p5alty unless an adv]s>y has play$ aft] him1 9 :i* case ! bidd]'s c>d may be claim$ z expos$4 ,! play] :o foll[$ him may !n am5d 8 play4 ,if a play] oppos$ to ! bidd] discov]s & corrects a revoke made by himself or any ( 8 p>tn]s1 ! bidd] may ei!r claim ! c>d play$ 9 error z expos$1 or may call on ! revok+ play] = 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit l$4 #cj4 ,! p5alty = revok+ is ! transf] ( two tricks f ! revok+ side to _! adv]s>ies2 x c be en=c$ = z _m revokes z occur dur+ ! h&4 ,! revok+ side _c w9 ! game 9 t h&2 if bo? sides revoke1 nei!r c w9 ! game 9 t h&4 ,9 ,cay5ne & ,solo ,:i/1 z a p5alty = a revoke1 ! adv]s>ies ( ! revok+ play] may take f him ?ree tricks2 or may d$uct ! value ( ?ree tricks f 8 score2 or may add ! value ( ?ree tricks to _! own score4 ,! revok+ play]s _c score slams or game t h&4 ,all slams mu/ be made indep5d5tly ( ! revoke p5alty4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ! p5alty = a revoke on ! "p ( ! bidd] is t he is put 9 = "o trick1 & mu/ pay f\r r$ c\nt]s into ! next pool4 ,%\ld an adv]s>y ( ! bidd] revoke1 he mu/ pay f\r r$ c\nt]s into ! next pool1 & he & 8 p>tn]s mu/ pay ! bidd] z if he _h be5 successful4 ,on ! discov]y ( a revoke 9 ,bo/on ! h&s are usually ab&on$2 b ! c>ds %\ld be %[n to ! table1 9 ord] t ea* play] may be satisfi$ t no o!r revoke has be5 made4 ,a play] revok+ 9 ,misre ,p>t\t pays five r$ c\nt]s to ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies & ! h&s are !n ab&on$4 #ca4 ,! revok+ play] & 8 p>tn] may require ! h& 9 :i* ! revoke has be5 made1 to be play$ out1 & score all po9ts made by !m up to ! score ( six4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ! h&s are ab&on$ aft] ! revoke is claim$ & prov$4 ,9 ,cay5ne1 ! revok+ play]s mu/ /op at n9e4 ,9 ,solo ,:i/1 ! revok+ play]s mu/ pay all ! r$ c\nt]s involv$ 9 ! call1 :e!r !y w9 or lose1 b !y may play ! h& out to save ov]-tricks4 ,if ! call] or 8 p>tn] revokes !y mu/ jo9tly pay ! losses involv$2 b if an adv]s>y ( ! call] revokes1 he mu/ individually pay ! entire loss unless he c %[ t ! call]s w\ld h won 9 spite ( ! revoke4 ,%\ld he be able to d ?is1 8 p>tn]s mu/ /& _! %>e ( ! losses1 b ! revok+ play] mu/ individually pay = ! ?ree tricks tak5 z ! revoke p5alty4 ,if ! s+le play] revokes1 ei!r on solo or abundance1 he loses ! r$ c\nt]s involv$ 9 any case1 b may play ! h& out to save ov]-tricks4 ,if ! s+le play] 9 a misre or a slam revokes1 ! h& is ab&on$ & he mu/ pay ! /akes4 ,if an adv]s>y ( a misre or a slam revokes1 he mu/ individually pay ! :ole /akes4 #cb4 ,at ! end ( a h&1 ! claimants ( a revoke may se>* all ! tricks4 ,if ! c>ds h be5 mix$1 ! claim may be urg$ & prov$1 if possible2 b no pro( is necess>y & ! revoke is e/abli%$1 if1 aft] x has be5 claim$1 ! accus$ play] or 8 p>tn] mixes ! c>ds be=e !y h be5 exam9$ to ! satisfaction ( ! adv]s>ies4 #cc4 ,! revoke c be claim$ at any "t be=e ! c>ds h be5 pres5t$ & cut = ! foll[+ deal1 b n !reaft]4 ,,miscellane\s4 #cd4 ,any "o1 dur+ ! play ( a trick & be=e ! c>ds h be5 t\*$ = ! purpose ( ga!r+ !m toge!r1 may dem& t ! play]s draw _! c>ds4 #ce4 ,if any "o1 prior to 8 p>tn] play+1 calls att5tion 9 any mann] to ! trick or to ! score1 ! adv]s>y la/ to play to ! trick may require ! (f5d]'s p>tn] to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit l$ or1 if he has none1 to trump or n to trump ! trick4 #cf4 ,if any play] says 8,i c w9 ! re/10 8,! re/ are ours10 8,we h ! game10 or words to t effect1 8 p>tn]'s c>ds mu/ be laid ^u ! table & are liable to be call$4 #cg4 ,:5 a trick has be5 turn$ & quitt$1 x mu/ n aga9 be se5 until aft] ! h& has be5 play$4 ,a violation ( ?is law subjects ! (f5d]'s side to ! same p5alty z 9 case ( a lead out ( turn4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ,cay5ne1 & ,solo ,:i/1 x is /ill ! cu/om to p]mit look+ at ! la/ trick1 except 9 ,misres4 ,! p5alty 9 a misre game is ! same z = a lead out ( turn4 #ch4 ,if a play] is lawfully call$ ^u to play ! highe/ or l[e/ ( a suit1 or to trump or n to trump a trick1 or to lead a suit1 & unnecess>ily fails to comply1 he is liable to ! same p5alty z if he _h revok$4 #ci4 ,9 all cases :]e a p5alty has be5 incurr$1 ! (f5d] mu/ await ! decision ( ! adv]s>ies4 ,if ei!r ( !m1 ) or )\t 8 p>tn]'s cons5t1 dem&s a p5alty to :i* !y are entitl$1 su* decision is f9al4 ,if ! wrong adv]s>y dem&s a p5alty1 or a wrong p5alty is dem&$1 none c be en=c$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! foll[+ rules belong to ! e/abli%$ code ( ,:i/ ,etiquette4 ,!y are =mulat$ ) a view to disc\rage & repress c]ta9 improprieties ( conduct1 !re9 po9t$ out1 :i* are n rea*$ by ! laws4 ,! c\rtesy :i* m>ks ! int]c\rse ( g5tlem5 w regulate o!r m obvi\s cases4 #a4 ,no conv]sation %\ld be indulg$ 9 dur+ ! play1 except su* z is all[$ by ! laws ( ! game4 #b4 ,no play] %\ld 9 any mann] :atsoev] give any intimation z to ! /ate ( 8 h& or ( ! game1 or ( approval or disapproval ( a play4 #c4 ,no play] %\ld lead until ! prec$+ trick is turn$ & quitt$4 #d4 ,no play] %\ld1 aft] hav+ l$ a w9n+ c>d1 draw a c>d f 8 h& = ano!r lead until 8 p>tn] has play$ to ! curr5t trick4 #e4 ,no play] %\ld play a c>d 9 any mann] s z to call p>ticul> att5tion to x1 nor %\ld he dem& t ! c>ds be plac$ 9 ord] to attract ! att5tion ( 8 p>tn]4 #f4 ,no play] %\ld purposely incur a p5alty because he is will+ to pay x1 nor %\ld he make a second revoke 9 ord] to conceal "o previ\sly made4 #g4 ,no play] %\ld take advantage ( in=mation imp>t$ by 8 p>tn] ?r\gh a brea* ( etiquette4 #h4 ,no play] %\ld object to ref]r+ a disput$ "q ( fact to a by/&] :o pr(esses himself un9t]e/$ 9 ! result ( ! game1 & able to decide ! "q4 #i4 ,by/&]s %\ld n 9 any mann] call att5tion to1 or give any intimation conc]n+ ! play or ! /ate ( ! game1 dur+ ! play ( a h&4 ,!y %\ld n look ov] ! h& ( a play] )\t 8 p]mission2 nor %\ld !y walk r\nd ! table to look at ! diff]5t h&s4 ,,errone\s ,,scores4 ,any error 9 ! trick score may be correct$ be=e ! la/ c>d has be5 dealt 9 ! foll[+ deal2 or if ! error occurs 9 ! la/ h& ( a game or rubb]1 x may be correct$ be=e ! score is agre$ to4 ,errors 9 o!r scores may be correct$ at any "t be=e ! f9al score ( ! game or rubb] is agre$ to4 ,,bidd+4 ,9 ,bo/on1 or ,solo ,:i/1 any play] mak+ a bid mu/ /& by x1 & ei!r play or pay4 ,%\ld he make a bid 9 error & correct himself1 he mu/ /& by ! fir/ bid unless he is ov]-call$1 :5 he may ei!r am5d 8 bid or pass4 ,,engli% ,,:i/ ,,laws4 ,,! ,,rubb]4 #a4 ,! rubb] is ! be/ ( ?ree games4 ,if ! fir/ two games are won by ! same play]s1 ! ?ird game is n play$4 ,,scor+4 #b4 ,a game consi/s ( five po9ts4 ,ea* trick1 above six1 c\nts "o po9t4 #c4 ,hon\rs1 i4e41 ,ace1 ,k+1 ,que51 & ,knave ( trumps1 are ?us reckon$3 ,if a play] & 8 p>tn]1 ei!r sep>ately or conjo9tly1 hold-- ,i4 ,! f\r hon\rs1 !y score f\r po9ts4 ,,ii4 ,any ?ree hon\rs1 !y score two po9ts4 ,,iii4 ,only two hon\rs1 !y d n score4 #d4 ,^? play]s :o1 at ! comm5cem5t ( a deal1 are at ! score ( f\r1 _c score hon\rs4 #e4 ,! p5alty = a revoke 7see ,law #gb7 takes prec$5ce ( all o!r scores4 ,tricks score next4 ,hon\rs la/4 #f4 ,hon\rs1 unless claim$ be=e ! trump c>d ( ! foll[+ deal is turn$ up1 _c be scor$4 #g4 ,to score hon\rs is n suffici5t2 !y mu/ be call$ at ! end ( ! h&2 if s call$1 !y may be scor$ at any "t dur+ ! game4 #h4 ,! w9n]s ga9-- ,i4 ,a treble1 or game ( ?ree po9ts1 :5 _! adv]s>ies h n scor$4 ,,ii4 ,a d\ble1 or game ( two po9ts1 :5 _! adv]s>ies h scor$ less ?an ?ree4 ,,iii4 ,a s+le1 or game ( "o po9t1 :5 _! adv]s>ies h scor$ ?ree or f\r4 #i4 ,! w9n]s ( ! rubb] ga9 two po9ts 7commonly call$ ! rubb] po9ts71 9 addition to ! value ( _! games4 #aj4 ,%\ld ! rubb] h consi/$ ( ?ree games1 ! value ( ! los]s' game is d$uct$ f ! gross numb] ( po9ts ga9$ by _! oppon5ts4 #aa4 ,if an errone\s score be prov$1 su* mi/ake c be correct$ prior to ! conclusion ( ! game 9 :i* x occurr$1 & su* game is n conclud$ until ! trump c>d ( ! foll[+ deal has be5 turn$ up4 #ab4 ,if an errone\s score1 affect+ ! am\nt ( ! rubb]1 be prov$1 su* mi/ake c be rectifi$ at any "t dur+ ! rubb]4 ,,cutt+4 #ac4 ,! ,ace is ! l[e/ c>d4 #ad4 ,9 all cases1 e "o mu/ cut f ! same pack4 #ae4 ,%\ld a play] expose m ?an "o c>d1 he mu/ cut aga94 ,,=mation ,,( ,,table4 #af4 ,if !re are m ?an f\r c&idates1 ! play]s are select$ by cutt+2 ^? fir/ 9 ! room hav+ ! pref]5ce4 ,! f\r :o cut ! l[e/ c>ds play fir/1 & cut aga9 to decide on p>tn]s2 ! two l[e/ play aga9/ ! two highe/2 ! l[e/ is ! deal]1 :o has *oice ( c>ds & seats1 &1 hav+ once made 8 selection1 mu/ abide by x4 #ag4 ,:5 !re are m ?an six c&idates1 ^? :o cut ! two next l[e/ c>ds belong to ! table1 :i* is complete ) six play]s2 on ! retirem5t ( "o ( ^? six play]s1 ! c&idate :o cut ! next l[e/ c>d has a prior "r to any aft]com] to ent] ! table4 ,,cutt+ ,,c>ds ,,( ,,equal ,,value4 #ah4 ,two play]s cutt+ c>ds ( equal value1 unless su* c>ds are ! two highe/1 cut aga92 %\ld !y be ! two l[e/1 a fre% cut is necess>y to decide :i* ( ^? two deals4 #ai4 ,?ree play]s cutt+ c>ds ( equal value cut aga92 %\ld ! f\r? 7or rema9+7 c>d be ! highe/1 ! two l[e/ ( ! new cut are p>tn]s1 ! l[] ( ^? two ! deal]2 %\ld ! f\r? c>d be ! l[e/1 ! two highe/ are p>tn]s1 ! orig9al l[e/ ! deal]4 ,,cutt+ ,,out4 #bj4 ,at ! end ( a rubb]1 %\ld admission be claim$ by any "o1 or by two c&idates1 he :o has1 or !y :o h1 play$ a great] numb] ( consecutive rubb]s ?an ! o!rs is1 or are1 out2 b :5 all h play$ ! same numb]1 !y mu/ cut to decide ^u ! outgo]s2 ! highe/ are out4 ,,entry ,,& ,,re-,,entry4 #ba4 ,a c&idate wi%+ to ent] a table mu/ decl>e su* int5tion prior to any ( ! play]s hav+ cut a c>d1 ei!r = ! purpose ( comm5c+ a fre% rubb] or ( cutt+ out4 #bb4 ,9 ! =mation ( fre% tables1 ^? c&idates :o h nei!r belong$ to nor play$ at any o!r table h ! prior "r ( entry2 ! o!rs decide _! "r ( admission by cutt+4 #bc4 ,any "o quitt+ a table prior to ! conclusion ( a rubb] may1 ) cons5t ( ! o!r ?ree play]s1 appo9t a sub/itute 9 8 abs5ce dur+ t rubb]4 #bd4 ,a play] cutt+ into "o table1 :il/ belong+ to ano!r1 loses 8 "r ( re-entry into t latt]1 & takes 8 *ance ( cutt+ 91 z if he 7 a fre% c&idate4 #be4 ,if any "o break up a table1 ! rema9+ play]s h ! prior "r to him ( entry into any o!r1 & %\ld !re n be suffici5t vacancies at su* o!r table to admit all ^? c&idates1 !y settle _! prec$5ce by cutt+4 ,,%uffl+ #bf4 ,! pack mu/ nei!r be %uffl$ bel[ ! table nor s t ! face ( any c>d be se54 #bg4 ,! pack mu/ n be %uffl$ dur+ ! play ( ! h&4 #bh4 ,a pack1 hav+ be5 play$ )1 mu/ nei!r be %uffl$ by deal+ x into packets1 nor across ! table4 #bi4 ,ea* play] has a "r to %uffle1 once only1 except z provid$ by ,rule #cb1 prior to a deal1 aft] a false cut see ,law #cd1 or :5 a new deal see ,law #cg has occurr$4 #cj4 ,! deal]'s p>tn] mu/ collect ! c>ds = ! ensu+ deal1 & has ! fir/ "r to %uffle t pack4 #ca4 ,ea* play] aft] %uffl+ mu/ place ! c>ds prop]ly collect$1 & face d[nw>ds1 to ! left ( ! play] ab\t to deal4 #cb4 ,! deal] has always ! "r to %uffle la/2 b %\ld a c>d or c>ds be se5 dur+ 8 %uffl+1 or :il/ giv+ ! pack to be cut1 he may be compell$ to re%uffle4 ,,! ,,deal4 #cc4 ,ea* play] deals 9 8 turn2 ! "r ( deal+ goes to ! left4 #cd4 ,! play] on ! deal]'s "r cuts ! pack1 &1 9 divid+ x1 mu/ n leave few] ?an f\r c>ds 9 ei!r packet2 if 9 cutt+1 or 9 replac+ "o ( ! two packets on ! o!r1 a c>d be expos$1 or if !re be any confusion ( ! c>ds1 or a d\bt z to ! exact place 9 :i* ! pack 0 divid$1 !re mu/ be a fre% cut4 #ce4 ,:5 a play]1 ^: duty x is to cut1 has once sep>at$ ! pack1 he _c alt] 8 int5tion2 he c nei!r re%uffle nor recut ! c>ds4 #cf4 ,:5 ! pack is cut1 %\ld ! deal] %uffle ! c>ds1 he loses 8 deal4 ,a ,,new ,,deal4 #cg4 ,!re mu/ be a new deal-- ,i4 ,if dur+ a deal1 or dur+ ! play ( a h&1 ! pack be prov$ incorrect or imp]fect4 ,,ii4 ,if any c>d1 except+ ! la/1 be fac$ 9 ! pack4 #ch4 ,if1 :il/ deal+1 a c>d be expos$ by ! deal] or 8 p>tn]1 %\ld nei!r ( ! adv]s>ies h t\*$ ! c>ds1 ! latt] c claim a new deal2 a c>d expos$ by ei!r adv]s>y gives t claim to ! deal]1 provid$ t 8 p>tn] has n t\*$ a c>d2 if a new deal does n take place1 ! expos$ c>d _c be call$4 #ci4 ,if1 dur+ deal+1 a play] t\* any ( 8 c>ds1 ! adv]s>ies may d ! same1 )\t los+ _! privilege ( claim+ a new deal1 %\ld *ance give !m su* option4 #dj4 ,if1 9 deal+1 "o ( ! la/ c>ds be expos$1 & ! deal] turn up ! trump be=e !re is reasonable "t = 8 adv]s>ies to decide z to a fre% deal1 !y d n !reby lose _! privilege4 #da4 ,if a play]1 :il/ deal+1 look at ! trump c>d1 8 adv]s>ies h a "r to see x1 & may exact a new deal4 #db4 ,if a play] take into ! h& dealt to him a c>d belong+ to ! o!r pack1 ! adv]s>ies1 on discov]y ( ! error1 may decide :e!r !y w h a fre% deal or n4 ,a ,,misdeal4 #dc4 ,a misdeal loses ! deal4 #dd4 ,x is a misdeal-- ,i4 ,unless ! c>ds are dealt into f\r packets1 "o at a "t 9 regul> rotation1 beg9n+ ) ! play] to ! deal]'s left4 ,,ii4 ,%\ld ! deal] place ! la/ 7i4e41 ! trump7 c>d1 face d[nw>ds1 on 8 own1 or any o!r pack4 ,,iii4 ,%\ld ! trump c>d n come 9 its regul> ord] to ! deal]2 b he does n lose 8 deal if ! pack be prov$ imp]fect4 ,,iv4 ,%\ld a play] h f\rte5 c>ds1 & ei!r ( ! o!r ?ree less ?an ?irte54 ,v4 ,%\ld ! deal]1 "u an impression t he has made a mi/ake1 ei!r c\nt ! c>ds on ! table or ! rema9d] ( ! pack4 ,,vi4 ,%\ld ! deal] deal two c>ds at once1 or two c>ds to ! same h&1 & !n deal a ?ird2 b if1 prior to deal+ t ?ird c>d1 ! deal] c1 by alt]+ ! position ( "o c>d only1 rectify su* error1 he may d s1 except z provid$ by ! second p>agraph ( ?is ,law4 ,,vii4 ,%\ld ! deal] omit to h ! pack cut to him1 & ! adv]s>ies discov] ! error1 prior to ! trump c>d be+ turn$ up1 & be=e look+ at _! c>ds1 b n aft] hav+ done s4 #de4 ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal if1 dur+ ! deal+1 ei!r ( ! adv]s>ies t\* ! c>ds prior to ! deal]'s p>tn] hav+ done s2 b %\ld ! latt] h fir/ int]f]$ ) ! c>ds1 not)/&+ ei!r or bo? ( ! adv]s>ies h subsequ5tly done ! same1 ! deal is lo/4 #df4 ,%\ld ?ree play]s h _! "r numb] ( c>ds--! f\r? h less ?an ?irte51 & n discov] su* defici5cy until he has play$ any ( 8 c>ds1 ! deal /&s good2 %\ld he h play$1 he is z answ]able = any revoke he may h made z if ! miss+ c>d1 or c>ds1 _h be5 9 8 h&2 he may se>* ! o!r pack = x1 or !m4 #dg4 ,if a pack1 dur+ or aft] a rubb]1 be prov$ incorrect or imp]fect1 su* pro( does n alt] any pa/ score1 game1 or rubb]2 t h& 9 :i* ! imp]fection 0 detect$ is null & void2 ! deal] deals aga94 #dh4 ,any "o deal+ out ( turn1 or ) ! adv]s>y's c>ds1 may be /opp$ be=e ! trump c>d is turn$ up1 aft] :i* ! game mu/ proce$ z if no mi/ake _h be5 made4 #di4 ,a play] c nei!r %uffle1 cut1 nor deal = 8 p>tn]1 )\t ! p]mission ( 8 oppon5ts4 #ej4 ,if ! adv]s>ies int]rupt a deal] :il/ deal+1 ei!r by que/ion+ ! score or ass]t+ t x is n 8 deal1 & fail to e/abli% su* claim1 %\ld a misdeal occur1 he may deal aga94 #ea4 ,%\ld a play] take 8 p>tn]'s deal & misdeal1 ! latt] is liable to ! usual p5alty1 & ! adv]s>y next 9 rotation to ! play] :o ought to h dealt !n deals4 ,,! ,,trump ,,c>d4 #eb4 ,! deal]1 :5 x is 8 turn to play to ! fir/ trick1 %\ld take ! trump c>d into 8 h&2 if left on ! table aft] ! fir/ trick be turn$ & quitt$1 x is liable to be call$2 8 p>tn] may at any "t rem9d him ( ! liability4 #ec4 ,aft] ! deal] has tak5 ! trump c>d into 8 h&1 x _c be ask$ =2 a play] nam+ x at any "t dur+ ! play ( t h& is liable to h 8 highe/ or l[e/ trump call$4 #ed4 ,if ! deal] take ! trump c>d into 8 h& be=e x is 8 turn to play1 he may be desir$ to lay x on ! table2 %\ld he %[ a wrong c>d1 ?is c>d may be call$1 z also a second1 a ?ird1 etc41 until ! trump c>d be produc$4 #ee4 ,if ! deal] decl>e himself unable to recollect ! trump c>d1 8 highe/ or l[e/ trump may be call$ at any "t dur+ t h&1 & unless x cause him to revoke1 mu/ be play$2 ! call may be repeat$1 b n *ang$1 i4e41 f highe/ to l[e/1 or vice v]sa1 until su* c>d is play$4 ,,c>ds ,,liable ,,to ,,be ,,call$4 #ef4 ,all expos$ c>ds are liable to be call$1 & mu/ be left on ! table2 b a c>d is n an expos$ c>d :5 dropp$ on ! floor1 or else:]e bel[ ! table4 ,! foll[+ are expos$ c>ds3-- ,i4 ,two or m c>ds play$ at once4 ,,ii4 ,any c>d dropp$ ) its face upw>d1 or 9 any way expos$ on or above ! table1 ev5 ?\gh snat*$ up s quickly t no "o c "n x4 #eg4 ,if any "o play to an imp]fect trick ! be/ c>d on ! table1 or lead "o :i* is a w9n+ c>d z aga9/ 8 adv]s>ies1 & !n lead aga91 or play sev]al su* w9n+ c>ds1 "o aft] ! o!r1 )\t wait+ = 8 p>tn] to play1 ! latt] may be call$ on to w91 if he c1 ! fir/ or any o!r ( ^? tricks1 & ! o!r c>ds ?us improp]ly play$ are expos$ c>ds4 #eh4 ,if a play]1 or play]s1 "u ! impression t ! game is lo/--or won--or = o!r reasons--?r[ 8 or _! c>ds on ! table face upw>d1 su* c>ds are expos$1 & liable to be call$1 ea* play]'s by ! adv]s>y2 b %\ld "o play] alone reta9 8 h&1 he _c be =c$ to ab&on x4 #ei4 ,if all f\r play]s ?r[ _! c>ds on ! table face upw>d1 ! h&s are ab&on$2 & no "o c aga9 take up 8 c>ds4 ,%\ld ?is g5]al exhibition %[ t ! game might h be5 sav$1 or won1 nei!r claim c be ent]ta9$1 unless a revoke be e/abli%$4 ,! revok+ play]s are !n liable to ! foll[+ p5alties3 !y _c "u any circum/ances w9 ! game by ! result ( t h&1 & ! adv]s>ies may add ?ree to _! score1 or d$uct ?ree f t ( ! revok+ play]s4 #fj4 ,a c>d deta*$ f ! re/ ( ! h& s z to be nam$ is liable to be call$2 b %\ld ! adv]s>y "n a wrong c>d1 he is liable to h a suit call$ :5 he or 8 p>tn] h ! lead4 #fa4 ,if a play] :o has r5d]$ himself liable to h ! highe/ or l[e/ ( a suit call$1 fail to play z desir$1 or if :5 call$ on to lead "o suit he lead ano!r1 hav+ 9 8 h& "o or m c>ds ( t suit dem&$1 he incurs ! p5alty ( a revoke4 #fb4 ,if any play] lead out ( turn1 8 adv]s>ies may ei!r call ! c>d errone\sly l$1 or may call a suit f him or 8 p>tn] :5 x is next ! turn ( ei!r ( !m to lead4 #fc4 ,if any play] lead out ( turn1 & ! ?ree o!rs h foll[$ him1 ! trick is complete1 & ! error _c be rectifi$2 b if only ! second1 or ! second & ?ird1 h play$ to ! false lead1 _! c>ds1 on discov]y ( ! mi/ake1 are tak5 back2 !re is no p5alty aga9/ any "o1 except+ ! orig9al (f5d]1 ^: c>d may be call$1 or he1 or 8 p>tn]1 :5 ei!r ( !m has next ! lead1 may be compell$ to play any suit dem&$ by ! adv]s>ies4 #fd4 ,9 no case c a play] be compell$ to play a c>d :i* w\ld oblige him to revoke4 #fe4 ,! call ( a c>d may be repeat$ until su* c>d has be5 play$4 #ff4 ,if a play] call$ on to lead a suit h none ( x1 ! p5alty is paid4 ,,c>ds ,,play$ ,,9 ,,error1 ,,or ,,n ,,play$ ,,to ,a ,,trick4 #fg4 ,if ! ?ird h& play be=e ! second1 ! f\r? h& may play be=e 8 p>tn]4 #fh4 ,%\ld ! ?ird h& n h play$1 & ! f\r? play be=e 8 p>tn]1 ! latt] may be call$ on to w91 or n to w9 ! trick4 #fi4 ,if any "o omit play+ to a =m] trick1 & su* error be n discov]$ until he has play$ to ! next1 ! adv]s>ies may claim a new deal2 %\ld !y decide t ! deal /& good1 ! surplus c>d at ! end ( ! h& is consid]$ to h be5 play$ to ! imp]fect trick1 b does n con/itute a revoke !re94 #gj4 ,if any "o play two c>ds to ! same trick1 or mix 8 trump1 or o!r c>d1 ) a trick to :i* x does n prop]ly belong1 & ! mi/ake be n discov]$ until ! h& is play$ out1 he is answ]able = all consequ5t revokes he may h made4 ,if1 dur+ ! play ( ! h&1 ! error be detect$1 ! tricks may be c\nt$ face d[nw>d1 9 ord] to asc]ta9 :e!r !re be among !m a c>d too _m2 %\ld ?is be ! case1 !y may be se>*$1 & ! c>d re/or$2 ! play] is1 h[ev]1 liable = all revokes :i* he may h mean:ile made4 ,,! ,,revoke4 #ga4 ,is :5 a play]1 hold+ "o or m c>ds ( ! suit l$1 plays a c>d ( a diff]5t suit4 #gb4 ,! p5alty = a revoke-- ,i4 ,is at ! option ( ! adv]s>ies1 :o at ! end ( ! h& may ei!r take ?ree tricks f ! revok+ play] or d$uct ?ree po9ts f 8 score1 or add ?ree to _! own score2 ,,ii4 ,c be claim$ = z _m revokes z occur dur+ ! h&2 ,,iii4 ,is applicable only to ! score ( ! game 9 :i* x occurs2 ,,iv4 ,_c be divid$1 i4e41 a play] _c add "o or two to 8 own score & d$uct "o or two f ! revok+ play]2 ,v4 ,takes prec$5ce ( e o!r score--e4g41 ! claimants two1 _! oppon5ts no?+2 ! =m] add ?ree to _! score1 & !reby w9 a treble game1 ev5 %\ld ! latt] h made ?irte5 tricks1 & held f\r hon\rs4 #gc4 ,a revoke is e/abli%$ if ! trick 9 :i* x occur be turn$ & quitt$1 i4e41 ! h& remov$ f t trick aft] x has be5 turn$ face d[nw>d on ! table1 or if ei!r ! revok+ play] or 8 p>tn]1 :e!r 9 8 "r turn or o!rwise1 lead or play to ! foll[+ trick4 #gd4 ,a play] may ask 8 p>tn] :e!r he has n a c>d ( ! suit :i* he has r5\nc$2 %\ld ! "q be ask$ be=e ! trick is turn$ & quitt$1 subsequ5t turn+ & quitt+ does n e/abli% ! revoke1 & ! error may be correct$1 unless ! "q be answ]$ 9 ! negative1 or unless ! revok+ play] or 8 p>tn] h l$ or play$ to ! foll[+ trick4 #ge4 ,at ! end ( ! h&1 ! claimants ( a revoke may se>* all ! tricks4 #gf4 ,if a play] discov] 8 mi/ake 9 "t to save a revoke1 ! adv]s>ies1 :5ev] !y ?9k fit1 may call ! c>d ?us play$ 9 error1 or may require him to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ c>d to t trick 9 :i* he has r5\nc$2 any play] or play]s :o h play$ aft] him may )draw _! c>ds & sub/itute o!rs3 ! c>ds )drawn are n liable to be call$4 #gg4 ,if a revoke be claim$1 & ! accus$ play] or 8 p>tn] mix ! c>ds be=e !y h be5 suffici5tly exam9$ by ! adv]s>ies1 ! revoke is e/abli%$4 ,! mix+ ( ! c>ds only r5d]s ! pro( ( a revoke difficult2 b does n prev5t ! claim & possible e/abli%m5t ( ! p5alty4 #gh4 ,a revoke _c be claim$ aft] ! c>ds h be5 cut = ! foll[+ deal4 #gi4 ,! revok+ play] & 8 p>tn] may1 "u all circum/ances1 require ! h& 9 :i* ! revoke has be5 detect$ to be play$ out4 #hj4 ,if a revoke occur1 be claim$ & prov$1 bets on ! odd trick or on am\nt ( score1 mu/ be decid$ by ! actual /ate ( ! latt]1 aft] ! p5alty is paid4 #ha4 ,%\ld ! play]s on bo? sides subject !mselves to ! p5alty ( "o or m revokes1 nei!r c w9 ! game2 ea* is puni%$ at ! discretion ( 8 adv]s>y4 #hb4 ,9 :atev] way ! p5alty be en=c$1 "u no circum/ances c a play] w9 ! game by ! result ( ! h& dur+ :i* he has revok$2 he _c score m ?an f\r4 7,see ,law #fa47 ,,call+ ,,= ,,new ,,c>ds4 #hc4 ,any play] 7on pay+ = !m7 be=e1 b n aft]1 ! pack be cut = ! deal1 may call = fre% c>ds4 ,he mu/ call = two new packs1 ( :i* ! deal] takes 8 *oice4 ,,g5]al ,,rules4 #hd4 ,:]e a play] & 8 p>tn] h an option ( exact+ f _! adv]s>ies "o ( two p5alties1 !y %\ld agree :o is to make ! election1 b mu/ n consult ) "o ano!r :i* ( ! two p5alties x is advisable to exact2 if !y d s consult1 !y lose _! "r2 & if ei!r ( !m1 ) or )\t cons5t ( 8 p>tn]1 dem& a p5alty to :i* he is entitl$1 su* decision is f9al4 ,?is rule does n apply 9 exact+ ! p5alties = a revoke2 p>tn]s h !n a "r to consult4 #he4 ,any "o dur+ ! play ( a trick1 or aft] ! f\r c>ds are play$1 & be=e1 b n aft]1 !y are t\*$ = ! purpose ( ga!r+ !m toge!r1 may dem& t ! c>ds be plac$ be=e _! respective play]s4 #hf4 ,if any "o1 prior to 8 p>tn] play+1 %\ld call att5tion to ! trick--ei!r by say+ t x is 81 or by nam+ 8 c>d1 or1 )\t be+ requir$ s to d1 by draw+ x t[>d him--! adv]s>ies may require t oppon5t's p>tn] to play ! highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit !n l$1 or to w9 or lose ! trick4 #hg4 ,9 all cases :]e a p5alty has be5 incurr$1 ! (f5d] is b\nd to give reasonable "t = ! decision ( 8 adv]s>ies4 #hh4 ,if a by/&] make any rem>k :i* calls ! att5tion ( a play] or play]s to an ov]sight affect+ ! score1 he is liable to be call$ on1 by ! play]s only1 to pay ! /akes & all bets on t game or rubb]4 #hi4 ,a by/&]1 by agreem5t among ! play]s1 may decide any "q4 #ij4 ,a c>d or c>ds torn or m>k$ mu/ be ei!r replac$ by agreem5t1 or new c>ds call$ at ! exp5se ( ! table4 #ia4 ,any play] may dem& to see ! la/ trick turn$1 & no m4 ,"u no circum/ances c m ?an eight c>ds be se5 dur+ ! play ( ! h&1 viz43 ! f\r c>ds on ! table :i* h n be5 turn$ & quitt$1 & ! la/ trick turn$4 ,,etiquette ,,( ,,:i/4 ,! foll[+ rules belong to ! e/abli%$ ,etiquette ( ,:i/4 ,!y are n call$ laws1 z x is difficult--9 "s cases impossible--to apply any p5alty to _! infraction1 & ! only rem$y is to cease to play ) play]s :o habitually disreg>d !m3 ,two packs ( c>ds are inv>iably us$ at ,clubs2 if possible1 ?is %\ld be adh]$ to4 ,any "o1 hav+ ! lead & sev]al w9n+ c>ds to play1 %\ld n draw a second c>d out ( 8 h& until 8 p>tn] has play$ to ! fir/ trick1 su* act be+ a di/9ct intimation t ! =m] has play$ a w9n+ c>d4 ,no intimation :atev]1 by ^w or ge/ure1 %\ld be giv5 by a play] z to ! /ate ( 8 h&1 or ( ! game4 ,a play] :o desires ! c>ds to be plac$1 or :o dem&s to see ! la/ trick1 %\ld d x = 8 own in=mation only1 & n 9 ord] to invite ! att5tion ( 8 p>tn]4 ,no play] %\ld object to ref] to a by/&] :o pr(esses himself un9t]e/$ 9 ! game1 & able to decide any disput$ "q ( facts2 z to :o play$ any p>ticul> c>d--:e!r hon\rs 7 claim$ ?\gh n scor$1 or vice v]sa--etc41 etc4 ,x is unfair to revoke purposely2 hav+ made a revoke1 a play] is n ju/ifi$ 9 mak+ a second 9 ord] to conceal ! fir/4 ,until ! play]s h made su* bets z !y wi%1 bets %\ld n be made ) by/&]s4 ,by/&]s %\ld make no rem>k1 nei!r %\ld !y by ^w or ge/ure give any intimation ( ! /ate ( ! game until conclud$ & scor$1 nor %\ld !y walk r\nd ! table to look at ! diff]5t h&s4 ,no "o %\ld look ov] ! h& ( a play] aga9/ :om he is bett+4 ,,dummy4 ,is play$ by ?ree play]s4 ,"o h&1 call$ ,dummy's1 lies expos$ on ! table4 ,! laws are ! same z ^? ( ,:i/1 ) ! foll[+ exceptions3 ,i4 ,dummy deals at ! comm5cem5t ( ea* rubb]4 ,,ii4 ,dummy is n liable to ! p5alty = a revoke1 z 8 adv]s>ies see 8 c>ds2 %\ld he revoke1 & ! error n be discov]$ until ! trick is turn$ & quitt$1 x /&s good4 ,,iii4 ,dummy be+ bl9d & deaf1 8 p>tn] is n liable to any p5alty = an error :5ce he c ga9 no advantage4 ,?us1 he may expose "s or all ( 8 c>ds--or may decl>e t he has ! game1 or trick1 etc41 )\t incurr+ any p5alty2 if1 h[ev]1 he lead f ,dummy's h& :5 he %\ld lead f 8 own1 or vice v]sa1 a suit may be call$ f ! h& :i* ought to h l$4 ,,d\ble ,,dummy4 ,is play$ by two play]s1 ea* hav+ a ,dummy or expos$ h& = 8 p>tn]4 ,! laws ( ! game d n diff] f ,dummy ,:i/1 except 9 ! foll[+ special ,law3 ,!re is no misdeal1 z ! deal is a disadvantage4 ,,! ,,pok] ,,family4 ,prop]ly speak+1 ,pok] is n ! f\nd]1 b simply ! mo/ fam\s repres5tative ( a v anci5t & always v popul> family ( games1 all ( :i* c be trac$ to "o s\rce1 ! old ,fr5* game ( ,gilet1 :i* 0 und\bt$ly ( ,italian orig91 p]haps a v>iety ( ,prim]o4 ,gilet we f9d *ang$ to ,brelan 9 ! "t ( ,*>les ,,ix41 & al?\gh ,brelan is no long] play$1 ! ^w is /ill us$ 9 all ,fr5* games to signify triplets1 & 8brelan-c>r0 is ! common ,fr5* t]m = f\r ( a k9d 9 le pok] ,amrica94 ,f ,brelan we trace ! ,fr5* games ( ,b\illotte1 & ,ambigu1 & ! ,engli% game ( ,brag2 b ! game ( pok]1 z fir/ play$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 five c>ds to ea* play] f a tw5ty-c>d pack1 is und\bt$ly ! ,p]sian game ( z nas4 ,! peculi> & di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ic ( ,pok] we f9d well describ$ by ,seym\r1 9 8 *apt] on 8,brag10 9 ! 8,c\rt ,game/]10 #agai3 8,! endeav\r to impose on ! judgm5t ( ! re/ :o play1 & p>ticul>ly on ! p]son :o *iefly (f]s to oppose y1 by boa/+ or bragg+ ( ! c>ds 9 y\r h&4 ,^? :o by fa%ion+ _! looks & ge/ures1 c give a prop] air to _! actions1 z w s deceive an unskilful antagoni/1 t sometimes a pair ( fives1 trays or deuces1 9 su* a h&1 ) ! advantage ( 8 compos$ c\nt5ance1 & subtle mann] ( ov]-aw+ ! o!r1 %all out-brag a mu* great] h&1 & w9 ! /akes1 ) great applause & laught] on 8 side f ! :ole company40 ,q a numb] ( c>d games reta9 ! feature ( pairs1 triplets1 sequ5ces1 & flu%es1 b omit ! elem5t ( brag or bluff1 & c !re=e h>dly be consid]$ full-blood$ memb]s ( ! pok] family4 ,:iskey ,pok]1 = in/ance1 has really little or no?+ 9 common ) ! true _s ( pok]1 & is simply ! v anci5t game ( ,comm]ce1 play$ ) five c>ds in/ead ( ?ree4 ,! descriptions ( ?is game 9 ! e>lie/ ,hoyles betray its ,fr5* orig92 p>ticul>ly 9 ! use ( ! piquet pack2 ! ,fr5* cu/om ( cutt+ to ! left & deal+ to ! "r2 & ! use ( ! words 8brelan10 & 8tricon40 ,9 lat] descriptions ( ! 8new =m0 ( ,comm]ce1 ab\t #ahce1 we f9d #eb c>ds are us$1 & dealt f left to "r1 & ! names ( ! comb9ations are *ang$ to 8pairs-royal10 8sequ5ces10 & 8flu%es40 ,!re appe>s to be little or no?+ mod]n 9 ! game ( ,pok] b ! increas$ numb] ( c>ds dealt to ea* play]1 :i* makes x possible = "o to hold d\ble comb9ations1 su* z two pairs1 triplets ) a pair1 etc4 ,! old games 7 all play$ ) ?ree c>ds only1 & ! 8brelan-c>r10 or f\r ( a k9d1 c\ld be made only by comb9+ ! ?ree c>ds held by ! play] ) ! c>d :i* 0 sometimes turn$ up on ! talon1 or rema9d] ( ! pack4 ,! bl9d1 ! /raddle1 ! raise1 ! bluff1 table /akes1 & freeze-out1 are all to be f\nd 9 ,b\illotte1 :i* fl\ri%$ 9 ! "t ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 & ! 8draw0 f ! rema9d] ( ! pack exi/$ 9 ! old ,fr5* game ( ,ambigu4 ,! fir/ m5tion we h ( pok] 9 pr9t is 9 ,gre5's ,re=m$ ,gambl]1 :i* conta9s a description ( a game ( pok] play$ on a riv] /eam] 9 ,june1 #ahcd4 ,! au?or und]took a s]ies ( inve/igations ) a view to discov]+ ! orig9 ( pok]1 ! results ( :i* 7 publi%$ 9 ! ,n4,y4 ,sun1 ,may #bb1 #aijd4 ,x w\ld seem t pok] came f ,p]sia to ?is c\ntry by way ( ,new ,orleans4 ,! ,fr5* settl]s 9 ,l\isiana1 recogniz+ ! simil>ity betwe5 ! comb9ations held 9 ! newcom] f ! ,ea/1 z nas1 & ^? ) :i* !y 7 already famili> 9 _! own game ( poque1 call$ ! ,p]sian game poque1 in/ead ( z nas1 & our pres5t ^w1 8pok]10 seems to be no?+ b a mispronunciation ( ! ,fr5* t]m1 divid+ x into two syllables1 z if x 7 8po-que40 ,!re is no au?oritative code ( laws = ! game ( ,pok]1 simply because ! be/ clubs d n admit ! game to _! c>d rooms1 & consequ5tly decry ! necessity = adopt+ any laws = its gov]nm5t4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( any (ficial code1 ! daily press is call$ ^u = hundr$s ( decisions e week4 ,! au?or has ga!r$ & comp>$ a great numb] ( ^! newspap] rul+s1 & has drawn f !m & o!r s\rces to =m a brief code ( pok] laws1 :i* w be f\nd amply suffici5t to cov] all irregul>ities = :i* any p5alty c be en=c$1 or :i* int]f]e ) ! rights ( any individual play]4 ,,draw ,,pok]4 ,,c>ds4 ,pok] is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 rank+3 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b2 ! ace be+ ! highe/ or l[e/ 9 play1 accord+ to ! wi% ( ! hold]1 b rank+ bel[ ! deuce 9 cutt+4 ,9 "s localities a special pack ( sixty c>ds is us$1 ! eight extra c>ds be+ elev5s & twelves 9 ea* suit1 :i* rank above ! t51 & bel[ ! ,jack4 ,x is v unusual to play ,pok] ) two packs4 ,illu/ration3 #aa #ab ,,c\nt]s1 or ,,*ips4 ,al?\gh n absolutely necess>y1 c\nt]s are mu* m conv5i5t ?an money4 ,! mo/ common are r$1 :ite1 & blue circul> *ips1 :i* %\ld 8/ack up0 accurately1 s t equal numb]s may be measur$ )\t c\nt+ !m4 ,! r$ are usually wor? five :ites1 & ! blue wor? five r$s1 or tw5ty-five :ites4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! game "o play] %\ld act z bank]1 & be responsible = all c\nt]s at ! table4 ,x is usual = ea* play] to pur*ase1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 ! equival5t ( #ajj :ite c\nt]s 9 :ite1 r$1 & blue4 ,,play]s4 ,pok] may be play$ by any numb] ( p]sons f two to sev54 ,:5 !re are m ?an sev5 c&idates = play1 two tables %\ld be =m$1 unless ! majority vote aga9/ x4 ,9 "s localities x is ! cu/om = ! deal] to take no c>ds :5 !re are eight play]s1 :i* is ?\ght to make a bett] game ?an two tables ( only f\r play]s ea*4 ,:5 ! sixty-c>d pack is us$1 eight play]s may take c>ds4 ,,cutt+4 ,! play]s :o %all =m ! table1 & _! positions at ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 mu/ be decid$ by ?r[+ r\nd a c>d to ea* c&idate1 face up1 or by draw+ c>ds f an outspread pack4 ,if !re are m ?an eight c&idates1 ! f\r cutt+ ! highe/ c>ds %\ld play toge!r at "o table1 & ! o!rs at ano!r table4 ,if !re are an ev5 numb] ( c&idates1 ! tables divide ev5ly1 b if ! numb] is odd1 ! small] table is =m$ by ^? cutt+ ! highe/ c>ds4 ,! table =m$1 ! pack mu/ be %uffl$ & spread1 & positions drawn =4 ,! play] cutt+ ! l[e/ c>d has ! *oice ( seats1 & mu/ deal ! fir/ h&4 ,! play] cutt+ ! next l[e/ has ! next *oice1 & s on1 until all are seat$4 ,,ties4 ,if ! fir/ cut does n decide1 ^? ty+ mu/ cut aga94 ,%\ld two or m play]s cut c>ds ( equal value1 ! new cut w decide no?+ b ! tie2 = ev5 %\ld "o ( ^? cutt+ to decide a tie draw a c>d l[] ?an "o previ\sly cut by ano!r play]1 ! orig9al l[ _c be depriv$ ( 8 "r4 ,= in/ance3 !re are six play]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,fir/ cut is3-- ,second cut is3-- ,! #e & #g h ! fir/ & second *oice ( seats2 ! #b & #d ! ?ird & f\r? *oice4 ,,play]s' ,,positions4 ,!re are only ?ree di/9ctive positions at ! pok] table3 ! deal]2 ! pone2 & ! age4 ,! pone is ! play] on ! deal]'s "r1 & ! age is ! "o on 8 left4 ,,/akes4 ,be=e play beg9s1 or a c>d is dealt1 ! value ( ! c\nt]s mu/ be decid$1 & a limit mu/ be agre$ ^u4 ,!re are f\r limitations 9 ,draw ,pok]1 & !y gov]n or fix ! maximum ( ! f\r pr9cipal /akes3 ! bl9d2 ! /raddle2 ! ante2 & ! bet or raise4 ,! bl9d is ! am\nt put up by ! age be=e he sees any?+1 & %\ld be limit$ to "o :ite c\nt]1 z ! bl9d is ! smalle/ /ake 9 ! game4 ,9 "s places x is p]missible = ! age to make ! bl9d any am\nt he pleases )9 half ! bett+ limit2 b su* a practice is a direct violation ( ! pr9ciples ( ! game1 :i* require t ! am\nt ( ! bl9d %all be> a fix$ proportion to ! limit ( ! bett+4 ,! /raddle is a d\ble bl9d1 sometimes put up by ! play] to ! left ( ! age1 & l ! bl9d1 )\t see+ any?+4 ,?is all[s ! play] on ! left ( ! /raddl] to d\ble aga91 or put up f\r times ! am\nt ( ! orig9al bl9d4 ,?is /raddl+ process is usually limit$ to "o-f\r? ( ! bett+ limit2 t is1 if ! bett+ limit is fifty c\nt]s1 ! d\bl+ ( ! bl9d mu/ cease :5 a play] puts up sixte51 = ano!r d\ble w\ld c>ry x to ?irty-two1 :i* w\ld be m ?an half ! limit = a bet or raise4 ,! ante is ! am\nt put up by ea* play] aft] he has se5 8 c>ds1 b be=e he draws to improve 8 h&4 ,! t]ms 8ante0 & 8bl9d0 are (t5 confus$4 ,! bl9d is a compulsory /ake1 & mu/ be put up be=e ! play] has se5 any?+4 ,he does n ev5 "k :e!r or n he w be dealt a f\l h&1 or :e!r x w be a misdeal4 ,he has n ev5 se5 ! c>ds cut4 ,! ante1 on ! o!r h&1 is a volunt>y bet1 & is a sort ( entrance fee1 :i* is paid be=e ! h& is complete1 b aft] ! fir/ "p ( x has be5 se54 ,! ante is always twice ! am\nt ( ! bl9d1 :atev] t may be4 ,if ! bl9d has be5 increas$ by ! process ( /raddl+1 ! ante mu/ be twice ! am\nt ( ! la/ /raddle1 b mu/ n exce$ ! bett+ limit4 ,?is is :y ! /raddles are limit$4 ,! l>ge/ bet1 or raise1 :i* a play] is all[$ to make is g5]ally kn[n z ! limit4 ,?is limit is n ! greate/ am\nt t may be bet on "o h&1 b is ! maximum am\nt by :i* "o play] may increase 8 bet ov] t ( ano!r play]4 ,= in/ance3 ,if no "o has bet1 ,a may bet ! limit on 8 h&2 ,b may !n put up a simil> am\nt1 :i* is call$ see+ him1 & may !n raise him any fur!r sum )9 ! limit fix$ = bett+4 ,if ,b raises ! limit1 x is obvi\s t he has plac$ 9 ! pool twice ! am\nt ( ! bett+ limit2 b 8 raise ov] ,a's bet is )9 ! bett+ limit4 ,if ano!r play] %\ld raise ,b aga91 he w\ld be putt+ up ?ree times ! limit2 ,a's bet1 ,b's raise1 & 8 own raise4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( any def9ite arrangem5t1 x is usual to make ! bett+ limit fifty times ! am\nt ( ! bl9d4 ,t is1 if ! value ( ! bl9d1 or "o :ite c\nt]1 is five c5ts1 ! limit ( a bet or raise w be two doll>s & a half1 or two blue c\nt]s4 ,?is fixes ! ante at two :ite c\nt]s1 or t5 c5ts1 9 ! abs5ce ( /raddles1 & limits ! /raddl+ to ! f\r? play] f ! age1 or sixte5 :ite c\nt]s4 ,?is proportion makes a v fair game1 & gives a play] "s opportunity to v>y 8 bett+ accord+ to 8 e/imate ( ! value ( 8 h&4 ,:]e ! bl9d is five c5ts1 ! ante t51 & ! limit tw5ty-five1 ! game ceases to be ,pok]1 & becomes a species ( %[-d[n4 ,x is univ]sally admitt$ by good judges t a play] c lose m money at tw5ty-five c5t %[-d[n ?an he w at two-&-a-half ,pok]4 ,!re are sev]al o!r v>iations 9 ! mann] ( arrang+ ! /akes & ! bett+ limits1 b !y w be bett] und]/ood aft] ! game itself has be5 describ$4 ,,deal+4 ,! age hav+ put up ! am\nt ( ! bl9d1 & ! c>ds hav+ be5 %uffl$ by any play] :o *ooses to avail himself ( ! privilege1 ! deal] la/1 !y are pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut4 ,! pone may ei!r cut !m1 or signify t he does n wi% to d s by tapp+ ! pack ) 8 knuckles4 ,%\ld ! pone decl9e to cut1 no o!r play] c insi/ on 8 s do+1 nor d x = him4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left1 ! deal] di/ributes ! c>ds face d[n "o at a "t 9 rotation until ea* play] has receiv$ five c>ds4 ,! deal passes to ! left1 & ea* play] deals 9 turn4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,! ,,deal4 ,! foll[+ rules reg>d+ ! deal %\ld be /rictly obs]v$3-- ,if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack ! deal] mu/ deal aga94 ,%\ld ! deal]1 or ! w9d1 turn ov] any c>d1 ! play] to :om x is dealt mu/ take x2 b ! same play] _c be compell$ to take two expos$ c>ds4 ,%\ld su* a comb9ation occur1 !re mu/ be a fre% deal by ! same deal]4 ,if ! play] exposes 8 c>ds himself1 he has no rem$y4 ,%\ld any play] receive m or less ?an 8 correct numb] ( c>ds1 & discov] ! error be=e he looks at any c>d 9 8 h&1 or lifts x f ! table1 he may dem& a fre% deal if no bet has be5 made2 or he may ask ! deal] to give him ano!r f ! pack if he has too few2 or to draw a c>d if he has too _m4 ,c>ds s drawn mu/ n be expos$1 b %\ld be plac$ on ! bottom ( ! pack4 ,if ! numb] ( ! h&s dealt does n agree ) ! numb] ( play]s1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if two or m c>ds are dealt at a "t1 ! deal] may take back ! c>d or c>ds improp]ly dealt if he discov]s ! error be=e deal+ to ! next play]2 o!rwise !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal4 ,! misdeal] mu/ deal aga94 ,%\ld a play] take up 8 h&1 or look at any c>d 9 x1 he is n entitl$ to any rem$y4 ,if he has m or less ?an ! prop] numb] ( c>ds1 8 h& is f\l1 & mu/ be ab&on$1 ! play] =feit+ any int]e/ he may h 9 t deal1 & any /ake he may h put up on t h&4 ,9 all gambl+ h\ses1 ! inv>iable rule is to call a %ort h& f\l2 al?\gh !re %\ld be no objection to play+ aga9/ a man ) only f\r c>ds1 :i* _c be increas$ to five1 ev5 by ! draw4 ,,/raddl+4 ,dur+ ! deal1 or at any "t be=e he looks at any c>d 9 8 h&1 ! play] to ! left ( ! age may /raddle ! bl9d by putt+ up d\ble ! am\nt put up by ! age4 ,! only privilege ?is secures to ! /raddl] is t ( hav+ ! la/ say z to :e!r or nor he w make good 8 ante & draw c>ds4 ,%\ld he refuse to /raddle1 no o!r play] c d s2 b if he /raddles1 ! play] on 8 left c /raddle him aga9 by d\bl+ ! am\nt he puts up1 :i* w be f\r times ! am\nt ( ! bl9d4 ,?is w op5 ! privilege to ! next play] on ! left aga91 & s on until ! limit ( /raddl+ is rea*$2 b if "o play] refuses to /raddle1 no o!r foll[+ him c d s4 ,good play]s seldom or nev] /raddle1 z ! only effect ( x is to increase ! am\nt ( ! ante4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! c>ds dealt1 ! play]s take up & exam9e _! h&s4 ,! c>eful pok] play] always 8spreads0 8 c>ds be=e tak+ !m up1 to be sure t he has nei!r m nor less ?an five1 & he lifts !m 9 su* a way t ! palm & f+]s ( 8 "r h& conceal ! face ( ! fir/ c>d1 :ile ! ?umb ( ! left h& sep>ates ! o!rs j suffici5tly to all[ him to read ! index or 8squeez]0 m>ks on ! edges4 ,illu/ration3 ,spread+4 ,squeez+4 ,! object ( ?is exam9ation is to asc]ta9 ! value ( ! h& dealt to him1 & to see :e!r or n x is wor? :ile try+ to improve x by disc>d+ c]ta9 c>ds & draw+ o!rs 9 _! place4 ,! play] %\ld n only be ?or\ghly famili> ) ! relative value ( ! v>i\s comb9ations :i* may be held at ,pok]1 b %\ld h "s idea ( ! *ances = & aga9/ bett] comb9ations be+ held by o!r play]s1 & %\ld also "k ! odds aga9/ improv+ any giv5 comb9ation by draw+ to x4 ,! value ( ?is te*nical k w be obvi\s :5 x is rememb]$ t a play] may h a h& dealt to him :i* he kn[s is comp>atively wor?less z x is1 & ! *ances = improv+ :i* are only "o 9 twelve1 b :i* he mu/ bet on at odds ( "o 9 ?ree1 or ab&on x4 ,su* a proce$+ w\ld evid5tly be a los+ game1 = if ! exp]im5t 7 tri$ twelve times ! play] w\ld w9 once only1 & w\ld lose elev5 times4 ,?is w\ld be pay+ elev5 doll>s to w9 ?ree2 yet pok] play]s are cont9ually do+ ?is4 ,,rank ,,( ,,! ,,h&s4 ,! v>i\s comb9ations at ,pok] outrank "o ano!r 9 ! foll[+ ord]1 beg9n+ ) ! l[e/4 ,c>ds ) a /> ov] !m add no?+ to ! value ( ! h&1 & may be disc>d$4 ,! figures on ! "r are ! odds aga9/ su* a h& be+ dealt to any individual play]4 ,five c>ds ( v>i\s suits2 n 9 sequ5ce1 & )\t a pair4 ,illu/ration3 99 99 99 99 99 ,ev5 ,"o ,pair4 ,two c>ds ( "o k9d & ?ree useless c>ds4 ,illu/ration3 99 99 99 #cd to #be ,two ,pairs4 ,two ( "o k9d2 two ( ano!r k9d2 & "o useless c>d4 ,illu/ration3 99 #bj to #a ,?rees4 ,?ree ( "o k9d1 & two useless c>ds4 ,illu/ration3 99 99 #df to #a ,/raight4 ,all five c>ds 9 sequ5ce1 b ( v>i\s suits4 ,illu/ration3 #bed to #a ,flu%4 ,all five c>ds ( "o suit1 b n 9 sequ5ce4 ,illu/ration3 #ejh to #a ,full ,h&4 ,?ree ( "o k9d1 & two ( ano!r k9d2 no useless c>ds4 ,illu/ration3 #fic to #a ,f\rs4 ,f\r c>ds ( "o k9d1 & "o useless c>d4 ,illu/ration3 99 #dafd to #a ,/raight flu%4 ,five c>ds ( ! same suit1 9 sequ5ce ) "o ano!r4 ,illu/ration3 #gbaib to #a ,royal ,flu%4 ,a /raight flu% :i* is ace high4 ,illu/ration3 #fdigci to #a ,:5 h&s are ( ! same rank1 _! relative value is det]m9$ by ! d5om9ation ( ! c>ds !y conta94 ,= in/ance3 ,a h& )\t a pair1 sequ5ce1 or flu% is call$ by its highe/ c>d2 8ace high10 or 8,jack high10 z ! case may be4 ,z betwe5 two su* h&s1 ! "o conta9+ ! highe/ c>d w\ld be ! bett]1 b ei!r w\ld be outclass$ by a h& ) a pair 9 x1 h[ev] small4 ,a h& ) a pair ( n9es 9 x w\ld outrank "o ) a pair ( sev5s1 ev5 ?\gh ! c>ds accompany+ ! n9es 7 only a deuce1 ?ree & f\r1 :ile ^? ) ! sev5s 7 an ace1 ,k+ & ,que54 ,b %\ld ! pairs be alike 9 bo? h&s2 su* z t5s1 ! highe/ c>d outside ! pair w\ld decide ! rank ( ! h&s1 & if ^? 7 also alike1 ! next c>d1 or p]haps ! fif? w\ld h to be consid]$4 ,%\ld ! ?ree odd c>ds 9 ea* h& be id5tical1 ! h&s w\ld be a tie1 & w\ld divide any pool to :i* ea* _h a claim4 ,two flu%es w\ld decide _! rank 9 ! same mann]4 ,if bo? 7 ace & ,jack high1 ! ?ird c>d 9 "o be+ a n9e1 & 9 ! o!r an eight1 ! n9e w\ld w94 ,9 full h&s ! rank ( ! triplets decides ! value ( ! h&4 ,?ree ,que5s & a pair ( deuces w beat ?ree ,jacks & a pair ( aces4 ,9 /raights1 ! highe/ c>d ( ! sequ5ce w9s2 n necess>ily ! highe/ c>d 9 ! h&1 = a play] may h a sequ5ce ( ,a #b #c #d #e1 :i* is only five high1 & w\ld be beat5 by a sequ5ce ( #b #c #d #e #f4 ,! ace mu/ ei!r beg9 or end a sequ5ce1 = a play] is n all[$ to call su* a comb9ation z ,q ,k ,a #b #c a /raight4 ,x 0 evid5tly ! int5tion ( ^? :o inv5t$ ,pok] t ! h&s mo/ difficult to obta9 %\ld be ! be/1 & %\ld outrank h&s t occurr$ m frequ5tly4 ,a glance at ! table ( odds w %[ t ?is pr9ciple has be5 c>ri$ out z f> z ! v>i\s d5om9ations ( h&s g2 b :5 we come to ! memb]s ( ! gr\ps ! pr9ciple is violat$4 ,9 h&s n conta9+ a pair1 = in/ance1 ace high w beat ,jack high1 b x is mu* m common to hold ace high ?an ,jack high4 ,! exact proportion is #ejc to #abg4 ,a h& ( five c>ds only sev5 high b n conta9+ a pair1 is r>] ?an a flu%2 ! proportion be+ #djh to #eaj4 ,:5 we come to two pairs1 we f9d ! same inv]sion ( probability & value4 ,a play] w hold 8aces up10 t is1 a pair ( aces & ano!r pair inf]ior to aces1 twelve times z (t5 z he w hold 8?rees up40 ,9 ! op9ion ( ! au?or1 9 all h&s t d n conta9 a pair1 8sev5 high0 %\ld be ! be/ in/ead ( ! l[e/1 & ace high %\ld be ! l[e/4 ,9 h&s conta9+ two pairs1 8?rees up0 %\ld be ! highe/1 & 8aces up0 ! l[e/4 ,,ecc5tric ,,h&s4 ,9 addition to ! regul> pok] h&s1 :i* are ^? already giv51 !re are a few comb9ations :i* are play$ 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 especially 9 ! ,s\?1 ei!r z matt] ( local cu/om or by agreem5t4 ,:5 any ( ^! are play$1 x w\ld be well = ! p]son :o is n accu/om$ to !m to h a di/9ct und]/&+ 9 advance1 j :at comb9ations %all be all[$ & :at h&s !y w beat4 ,!re are f\r ( ^! ecc5tric h&s1 & ! figures on ! "r are ! odds aga9/ _! be+ dealt to any individual play]3 ,blaze4 ,five picture c>ds4 ,beat two pairs2 b lose to ?ree ( a k9d4 ,illu/ration3 #cjjh to #a ,tig]4 ,mu/ be sev5 high & deuce l[2 )\t a pair1 sequ5ce or flu%4 ,x beats a /raight2 b loses to a flu%4 ,illu/ration3 #fcf to #a ,skip1 or ,dut* ,/raight4 ,any sequ5ce ( alt]nate c>ds1 ( v>i\s suits4 ,beats two pairs & a blaze4 ,illu/ration3 #dbc to #a ,r\nd-!-,corn]4 ,any /raight 9 :i* ! ace connects ! top & bottom4 ,beats ?rees2 b any regul> /raight w beat x4 ,illu/ration3 #hdh to #a ,! rank ( ^! extra h&s has evid5tly be5 assign$ by guess-"w4 ,! absurdity ( _! apprais$ value w be evid5t if we look at ! fir/ ( !m1 ! blaze1 :i* is usually play$ to beat two pairs4 ,z x is impossible to h a blaze :i* does n conta9 two pairs ( c\rt c>ds1 all t !y beat is aces up or k+s up4 ,if x 7 rank$1 l o!r pok] h&s1 by ! difficulty ( gett+ x1 a blaze %\ld beat a full h&4 ,all ^! h&s are improp]ly plac$ 9 ! scale ( pok] values1 z w be se5 by comp>+ ! odds aga9/ !m4 ,9 any games to :i* ^! ecc5tric h&s are admitt$1 ! rank ( all ! comb9ations w\ld be z foll[s1 if pok] pr9ciples 7 foll[$ ?r\gh\t3-- ,,d5om9ation4 ,,odds ,,aga9/4 ,"o pair #a to #a ,two pairs #bj to #a ,?ree ( a k9d #df to #a ,sequ5ce or /raight #bed to #a ,skip or ,dut* /raight #dbc to #a ,flu% #ejh to #a ,tig] ,big or ,little ,dog #fcf to #a ,full h& #fic to #a ,r\nd-!-corn] /raight #hdh to #a ,blaze #cjjh to #a ,f\r ( a k9d #dafd to #a ,/raight flu% #gbaib to #a ,royal ,flu% ,ace high #fdigci to #a ,:5 ! true rank ( ^! ecc5tric h&s is n all[$1 local cu/om mu/ decide :at !y w beat4 ,,jok] ,,pok]1 or ,,mi/igris4 ,x is n uncommon to leave ! jok]1 or blank c>d1 9 ! pack4 ,! play] to :om ?is c>d is dealt may call x any?+ he pleases4 ,if he has a pair ( aces1 & ! jok]1 he may call !m ?ree aces4 ,if he has f\r clubs1 & ! jok]1 he may call x a flu%2 or he may make ! jok] fill out a /raight4 ,if he has f\r ( a k9d1 & ! jok]1 he c beat a royal flu% by call+ 8 h& five ( a k9d4 ,9 case ( ties1 ! h& ) ! mi/igris w9s2 t is to say1 an ace & ! jok] w beat two aces4 ,a play] hold+ ! jok] may ev5 call x a duplicate ( a c>d already 9 8 h&4 ,= in/ance2 he might hold ! ,a ,j #h #e ( he>ts & ! jok] aga9/ ! ,a ,k ,q #g #c ( clubs4 ,if he calls ! jok] ! k+ ( he>ts1 ! club flu% /ill beats him z x is que5 next4 ,he mu/ call x ! ace1 :i* makes 8 flu% ace-ace high4 ,,probabilities4 ,9 e/imat+ ! value ( 8 h& z comp>$ to t ( any o!r play]1 be=e ! draw1 ! !ory ( probabilities is ( little or no use1 & ! calculations w v>y ) ! numb] ( play]s engag$4 ,= in/ance3 ,if five are play+1 "s "o %\ld h two pairs e f\r? deal1 because 9 f\r deals tw5ty h&s w be giv5 out4 ,if sev5 are play+1 x is probable t five ( !m w hold a pair ( "s k9d be=e ! draw4 ,un=tunately1 ^! calculations are n ( ! slighte/ practical use to a pok] play]1 because al?\gh ?ree ( a k9d may n be dealt to a play] m ?an once 9 =ty-five times on ! av]age1 x is q a common occurr5ce = two play]s to h ?rees dealt to ea* ( !m at ! same "t4 ,! consid]ations :i* mu/ guide ! play] 9 judg+ ! comp>ative value ( 8 h&1 bo? be=e & aft] ! draw1 mu/ be left until we come to ! sugge/ions = good play4 ,,! ,,ante4 ,! play] to ! left ( ! age is ! "o :o mu/ make ! fir/ ann\ncem5t ( 8 op9ion ( 8 h&1 unless he has /raddl$1 9 :i* case ! play] on ! left ( ! la/ /raddl] has ! fir/ 8say40 ,if he consid]s 8 h& good en\gh to draw to1 let u say a pair ( ,k+s1 he mu/ place 9 ! pool1 or t[>d ! c5tre ( ! table1 d\ble ! am\nt ( ! bl9d1 or ( ! la/ /raddle1 if any4 ,?is is call$ ! ante1 because x is made be=e play+ ! h&1 :]eas ! bl9d is made be=e see+ x4 ,! play] is n re/rict$ to d\ble ! am\nt ( ! bl9d or /raddle2 he may bet z mu* m z he pleases )9 ! limit fix$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! game4 ,= in/ance3 ,if !re has be5 only "o /raddle he mu/ put up f\r :ite c\nt]s or pass out ( ! game = t deal4 ,b if he puts up ! f\r1 he may put up z _m m z he pleases )9 ! limit1 :i* is two blues1 or fifty :ites4 ,?is is call$ rais+ ! ante4 ,if he does n c>e to pay twice ! am\nt ( ! bl9d or /raddle = ! privilege ( draw+ c>ds to improve 8 h&1 he mu/ ?r[ 8 c>ds face d[nw>d on ! table 9 front ( ! play] ^: turn x w be to deal next4 ,reasonable "t mu/ be all[$ = a play] to make 8 decision2 b hav+ made x1 he mu/ abide by x2 a h& once ?r[n d[n _c be tak5 up aga91 & c\nt]s once plac$ 9 ! pool1 & ! h& remov$ f !m1 _c be tak5 out aga91 ev5 ?\gh plac$ 9 ! pool by mi/ake4 ,! play] :o has ! fir/ say hav+ made 8 decision1 ! play] next him on ! left mu/ !n decide4 ,he mu/ put into ! pool an am\nt equal to t deposit$ by ! fir/ play]1 or ab&on 8 h&4 ,suppose !re has be5 no /raddle1 & t all conclude to /ay1 z x is call$4 ,!y ea* 9 turn put up two :ite c\nt]s until x comes to ! age4 ,! "o :ite c\nt] he has already put up z a bl9d belongs to ! pool1 b by add+ "o to x he c make 8 ante good1 & draw c>ds1 always provid$ no play] has rais$ ! ante4 ,if any play] has put m c\nt]s into ! pool ?an ! am\nt ( ! ante1 all ! o!r play]s mu/ put up a l am\nt1 or ?r[ d[n _! h&s4 ,suppose five play1 & ,a has ! age4 ,b antes two c\nt]s1 & ,c puts up sev51 ! ante & a raise ( five4 ,if ,d & ,e come 91 !y mu/ put up sev5 c\nt]s also2 & ! age1 ,a1 mu/ put up six to make 8 ante good4 ,x n[ comes to ,b1 :o mu/ ei!r lose ! two he has already put up1 or add five m to !m4 ,let u suppose t ,d puts up ! sev51 & t ,e1 ! deal]1 puts up twelve4 ,?is w =ce ! age to put up elev52 ,b to put up t52 & ,c to put up five m4 ,?is w make ea* play]'s ante an equal am\nt1 twelve c\nt]s1 & !y w !n be ready to draw c>ds4 ,no "o c n[ raise ! ante any fur!r1 because x is no "o's turn to 8say40 ,x w ?us be se5 t e play] 9 8 turn c d "o ( ?ree ?+s1 :i* are sometimes call$ ! a b c ( ,pok]3 ,he c ,abdicate2 by ?r[+ d[n 8 h&1 & ab&on+ :atev] money he has already plac$ 9 ! pool4 ,he c ,bett]2 by putt+ up m money ?an any play] be=e him1 :i* is sometimes call$ 8go+ bett]40 ,or1 he c ,call1 by mak+ 8 am\nt 9 ! pool equal to ! highe/ bet already made4 ,%\ld any play] increase ! ante to su* an ext5t t none ( ! o!rs c>e to call him1 !y mu/ ( c\rse ?r[ d[n _! h&s1 & z !re is no "o to play aga9/ him1 ! "o :o made ! la/ increase 9 ! ante takes d[n all ! c\nt]s 9 ! pool4 ,?is is call$ tak+ ! pot1 & ! c>ds are ga!r$1 %uffl$1 & dealt aga91 ! deal pass+ to ! play] :o 0 ! age4 ,,draw+ ,,c>ds4 ,all ^? :o h made ! ante good h ! privilege ( disc>d+1 face d[nw>d1 z _m c>ds z !y please1 9 ! place ( :i* !y may draw o!rs4 ,! age has ! fir/ draw1 & c take any numb] ( c>ds f "o to five1 or he may /& pat1 refus+ to draw any4 ,a play] _c receive f ! deal] m or less c>ds ?an he disc>ds2 s t if a p]son is all[$ to play ) a %ort h&1 ( f\r c>ds only1 he w /ill h only f\r c>ds aft] ! draw4 ,if 8 h& 0 f\l1 x w rema9 s aft] ! draw4 ,9 draw+1 a play] may keep or disc>d :at c>ds he pleases4 ,!re is no rule to prev5t 8 ?r[+ away a pair ( aces & keep+ ?ree clubs if he is s incl9$2 b ! g5]al practice is = ! play] to reta9 :atev] pairs or triplets he may h1 & to draw to !m4 ,f\r c>ds ( a /raight or a flu% may be drawn to 9 ! same way1 & "s make a practice ( draw+ to "o or two high c>ds1 su* z an ace & a k+1 :5 !y h no o!r *ance4 ,"s h&s (f] opportunities to v>y ! draw4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] has dealt to him a small pair2 b f9ds he has also f\r c>ds ( a /raight4 ,he c disc>d ?ree c>ds & draw to ! pair2 or "o c>d1 & draw to ! /raight2 or two c>ds1 keep+ 8 ace 9 ! hope ( mak+ two good pairs1 aces up4 ,! details ( ! be/ me?ods ( draw+ to v>i\s comb9ations w be discuss$ :5 we come to sugge/ions = good play4 ,illu/ration3 ,9 draw+ c>ds1 ea* play] 9 turn :o has made good 8 ante1 beg9n+ ) ! age1 mu/ ask ! deal] = ! numb] ( c>ds he wants4 ,! dem& mu/ be made s t e play] c he>1 because aft] ! c>ds h be5 deliv]$ by ! deal] no "o has ! "r to be in=m$ h[ _m c>ds any play] drew4 ,:5 ! deal] comes to 8 own h&1 he mu/ di/9ctly ann\nce ! numb] ( c>ds he takes4 ,he mu/ also in=m any play] ask+ him h[ _m c>ds he took1 provid$ ! "q is put be=e ! play] ask+ x has made a bet1 & x is put by a play] :o has made good 8 ante to draw c>ds4 ,9 deal+ ! c>ds = ! draw1 ! pack is n cut aga91 ! c>ds be+ dealt f ! top1 beg9n+ :]e ! deal be=e ! draw left (f4 ,z ea* play] asks = 8 c>ds he mu/ disc>d ^? he wants replac$1 & he mu/ receive ! entire numb] he asks = be=e ! next play] is help$4 ,9 "s places x is ! cu/om = all ^? :o h made good ! ante to disc>d be=e any c>ds are giv5 out4 ,?is is n good pok]1 z x prev5ts ! deal] f see+ t ! numb] disc>d$ is equal to ! numb] ask$ =4 ,%\ld any c>d be f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 x mu/ be plac$ on ! table among ! disc>ds4 ,%\ld any c>d be expos$ by ! deal] 9 giv+ out ! c>ds1 or be bl[n ov] by ! w9d be=e ! play] has t\*$ x1 su* c>d mu/ n be tak5 by ! play] "u any circum/ances1 b mu/ be plac$ ) ! disc>ds on ! table4 ,a play] ^: c>d is expos$ 9 ?is mann] does n receive a c>d to take its place until all ! o!r play]s h be5 help$4 ,! object ( ?is rule is to prev5t a deal] f alt]+ ! run ( ! c>ds 9 ! draw4 ,%\ld a play] ask = an incorrect numb] ( c>ds & !y be giv5 him1 he mu/ take !m if ! next play] has be5 help$4 ,if too _m1 he mu/ disc>d be=e see+ !m4 ,if too few1 he mu/ play !m4 ,if he has tak5 !m up & has too _m1 8 h& is f\l1 & %uts him out ( t pool4 ,if ! deal] gives himself m c>ds ?an he ne$s he is compell$ to take !m4 ,= in/ance3 ,he draws ?ree c>ds to a pair2 b on tak+ up 8 h& he f9ds he _h triplets1 & really want$ only two c>ds4 ,he _c *ange 8 draw1 & mu/ take ! ?ree c>ds he has dealt (f4 ,!re is a p5alty = n foll[+ ! /rict rule ( ! game1 :i* is = ea* play]1 includ+ ! deal]1 to disc>d be=e he draws4 ,%\ld ! deal] give any play] m c>ds ?an he ask$ =1 & ! play] discov] ! error be=e tak+ !m up or look+ at any ( !m1 ! deal] mu/ )draw ! surplus c>d1 & place x on ! top ( ! pack4 ,%\ld ! deal] give a play] few] c>ds ?an he asks =1 he mu/ supply ! defici5cy :5 8 att5tion is call$ to x1 )\t wait+ to supply ! o!r play]s4 ,if a play] has m or less ?an five c>ds aft] ! draw1 8 h& is f\l1 & he mu/ ab&on x1 toge!r ) all he may h already /ak$ 9 ! pool4 ,! deal] may be ask$ h[ _m c>ds he drew2 b he is n all[$ to say h[ _m c>ds he gave to any o!r play]4 ,ea* play] mu/ wat* ! draw = himself4 ,! la/ c>d ( ! pack mu/ n be dealt4 ,:5 only two c>ds rema91 ! disc>ds & ab&on$ h&s mu/ be ga!r$1 %uffl$1 & pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 & ! deal !n complet$4 ,,bett+ ,,up ,,! ,,h&s4 ,all ^? :o made good ! ante hav+ be5 suppli$ ) c>ds1 ! next play] :o holds c>ds on ! left ( ! age mu/ make ! fir/ bet4 ,%\ld ! age h decl9$ to make good 8 ante1 or h pass$ out be=e ! draw1 t does n transf] ! privilege ( hav+ ! la/ say to any o!r play]2 because ! peculi> privilege ( ! age1--hav+ ! la/ say1--is giv5 9 consid]ation ( ! bl9d1 :i* he is compell$ to pay1 & no o!r play] c h t privilege1 because no o!r play] is oblig$ to play4 ,ev5 if a play] has /raddl$ ! bl9d1 he mu/ /ill make ! fir/ bet aft] ! draw1 because he /raddl$ ( 8 own free w1 & knew at ! "t t ! only advantage ! /raddle w\ld give him 0 ! la/ say z to :e!r or n he w\ld make good 8 ante & draw c>ds4 ,if ! play] next to ! age has pass$ out be=e ! draw1 ! next play] to ! left :o /ill holds c>ds mu/ make ! fir/ bet4 ,! play] ^: turn x is to bet mu/ ei!r d s1 or ?r[ 8 h& face d[nw>d 9 front ( ! play] ^: turn x w be to deal next4 ,if he bets1 he c put up any am\nt f "o :ite c\nt] to ! limit1 two blues4 ,x !n becomes ! turn ( ! play] next on 8 left :o /ill holds c>ds to abdicate1 bett]1 or call4 ,if he calls1 he does s by plac+ 9 ! pool an am\nt equal to t /ak$ by ! la/ play]1 & x !n becomes ! turn ( ! next play] on ! left to say :at he w d4 ,b if he goes bett]1 he adds to ! am\nt /ak$ by ! play] on 8 "r any fur!r sum he sees fit1 )9 ! limit ( two blues4 ,ea* play] 9 turn has ! same privilege1 ! age hav+ ! la/ say4 ,suppose five play1 & t ,a has ! age4 ,b has /raddl$1 & all b ! deal] h made good ! ante & drawn c>ds4 ,!re are sixte5 :ite c\nt]s 9 ! pool1 ,b's /raddle hav+ made ! ante f\r in/ead ( two4 ,suppose ,b bets a r$ c\nt]1 & ,c !n ?r[s d[n 8 h&4 ,d sees ,b1 by putt+ up a r$ c\nt]2 & he !n raises him1 by putt+ up two blues1 increas+ 8 bet z mu* z ! limit w all[ him4 ,! age mu/ n[ ab&on 8 h& or put up "o r$ & two blues to call ,d1 )\t kn[+ :at ,b proposes to d4 ,let u suppose he sees ,d1 & raises ano!r two blues4 ,b mu/ n[ retire1 or put up f\r blues to call ,a1 )\t kn[+ :at ,d w d4 ,he c raise ! bet ano!r two blues1 or "o blue1 or a r$1 or a :ite ev51 if he is s m9d$4 ,if he decl9es to raise1 he _c prev5t ,d f s do+1 because ,d /ill has ! privilege ( reply+ to ,a's raise1 & z long z a play] has any say ab\t any?+1 :e!r x is to abdicate1 bett]1 or call1 he c d any "o ( ! ?ree4 ,x is only :5 !re is no bet made1 or :5 8 own bet is ei!r n call$ or n rais$1 t a play] has no?+ to say4 ,let u suppose ,b puts up ! f\r blues to call ,a4 ,x is n[ ,d's turn4 ,if he puts up two blues1 ea* w h an equal am\nt 9 ! pool1 & z no "o w h any?+ m to say1 ! bett+ mu/ /op1 & ! h&s mu/ be %[n4 ,b if ,d raises ,a aga91 by putt+ up f\r blues in/ead ( two1 he gives ,a ano!r say1 & p]haps ,a w raise ,d 9 turn4 ,al?\gh ,b may h _h q en\gh ( ?is1 he mu/ ei!r put up f\r m blues1 ! two rais$ by ,d & ! fur!r raise by ,a1 or he mu/ ab&on 8 h&4 ,if ,b ?r[s d[n 8 c>ds he loses all claim to :at he has already /ak$ 9 ! pool1 f\r blues & a r$1 besides 8 /raddle & ante4 ,let u suppose he drops out1 & t ,d j calls ,a1 by putt+ up two blues only1 mak+ ! am\nt he has 9 ! pool exactly equal to ,a's1 eight blues & a r$1 besides ! antes4 ,?is prev5ts ,a f go+ any fur!r1 because x is n 8 turn to say any?+4 ,he is n ask$ to meet any "o's raise1 nor to make any bet himself1 b simply to %[ 8 h&1 9 ord] to see :e!r or n x is bett] ?an ,d's4 ,,%[+ ,,h&s4 ,x is ! g5]al usage t ! h& call$ mu/ be %[n fir/4 ,9 ?is case ,a's h& is call$1 = ,d 0 ! "o :o call$ a halt on ,a 9 ! bett+1 & /opp$ him f go+ any fur!r4 ,! /rict laws ( ! game require t bo? h&s mu/ be %[n1 & if !re are m ?an two 9 ! f9al call1 all mu/ be %[n to ! table4 ,! excuse g5]ally made = n %[+ ! los+ h& is t ! man ) ! worse h& paid to see ! bett] h&2 b x mu/ n be =gott5 t ! man ) ! bett] h& has paid exactly ! same am\nt1 & is equally entitl$ to see ! worse h&4 ,!re is an excell5t rule 9 "s clubs t a play] refus+ to %[ 8 h& 9 a call %all refund ! am\nt ( ! antes to all ! o!r play]s1 or pay all ! antes 9 ! next jack pot4 ,! rule ( %[+ bo? h&s is a safegu>d aga9/ collusion betwe5 two play]s1 "o ( :om might h a fairly good h&1 & ! o!r no?+2 b by mutually rais+ ea* o!r back & =? !y c\ld =ce any o!r play] out ( ! pool4 ,! good h& c\ld !n be call$ & %[n1 ! conf$]ate simply say+1 8,t is good10 & ?r[+ d[n 8 h&4 ,pr(essionals call ?is sy/em ( *eat+1 8rais+ out40 ,:5 ! h&s are call$ & %[n1 ! be/ pok] h& w9s1 _! rank be+ det]m9$ by ! table ( values already giv54 ,9 ! example j giv5 suppose t ,a1 on be+ call$ by ,d1 _h %[n ?ree f\rs1 & t ,d _h ?ree deuces4 ,a w\ld take ! entire pool1 includ+ all ! antes1 & ! f\r blues & "o r$ /ak$ by ,b aft] ! draw4 ,x might be t ,b w\ld n[ discov] t he _h laid d[n ! be/ h&1 hav+ held ?ree sixes4 ,?is discov]y w\ld be ( no b5efit to him1 = he ab&on$ 8 h& :5 he decl9$ to meet ! raises ( ,a & ,d4 ,if ! h&s are exactly a tie1 ! pool mu/ be divid$ among ^? :o are 9 at ! call4 ,= in/ance3 ,two play]s %[ aces up1 & ea* f9ds 8 oppon5t's second pair to be eights4 ,! odd c>d mu/ decide ! pool2 & if t c>d is also a tie ! pool mu/ be divid$4 ,if no bet is made aft] ! draw1 ea* play] 9 turn ?r[+ d[n 8 c>ds1 ! antes are won by ! la/ play] :o holds 8 h&4 ,?is is usually ! age1 because he has ! la/ say4 ,if ! age has n made good 8 ante1 x w be ! deal]1 & s on to ! "r4 ,!re is no necessity = ! =tunate play] to %[ 8 h&2 ! m]e fact t he is ! only "o hold+ any c>ds is prima facie evid5ce t 8 h& is ! be/4 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 ! play] :o has made a bet or raise :i* no o!r play] w see1 w9s ! pool )\t %[+ 8 h&1 z he mu/ be ! only "o ) c>ds 9 8 h&2 = :5 a play] refuses to see a bet he mu/ ab&on 8 h&1 & ) x all pret5sions to ! pool4 ,if he wi%es to call1 b has n money en\gh1 he mu/ borr[ x4 ,he _c dem& a %[ ( h&s = :at c\nt]s he has1 except 9 table /akes4 ,dur+ ! bett+1 play]s are at lib]ty to make any rem>ks !y see fit1 & to tell z _m *e]ful lies ab\t _! h&s z !y please4 ,a play] may ev5 miscall 8 h& :5 he %[s x2 ! c>ds speak = !mselves1 j z ! c\nt]s d1 & :at a play] says does n affect ei!r 9 ! slighte/4 ,if a play] says3 8,i raise y two blues10 ! /atem5t am\nts to no?+ until ! blues h be5 plac$ 9 ! pool1 & ! own]'s h& remov$ f !m4 ,!re is no p5alty if a play]1 dur+ ! bett+1 tells 8 adv]s>ies exactly :at he holds2 nor is he likely to lose any?+ by x1 = no "o w believe him4 ,,jack ,,pots4 ,! addition ( jack pots has probably done m to injure ,pok] ?an ! trump signal has injur$ ,:i/4 ,9 ! e>ly days1 :5 pok] p>ties 7 small1 f\r play]s be+ a common numb]1 x 0 frequ5tly ! case t no "o _h a pair /rong en\gh to draw to1 & su* a deal 0 reg>d$ z simply a wa/e ( "t4 ,to rem$y ?is1 x 0 propos$ t :5ev] no play] came 91 ea* %\ld be oblig$ to ante an equal am\nt = ! next deal1 & j to demon/rate t !re 7 "s good h&s left 9 ! pack no "o 0 all[$ to draw c>ds until "s "o _h ,jacks or bett] to draw to4 ,! result ( ?is practice 0 to make jack pots l>g] ?an ! o!r pools1 because e "o 0 compell$ to ante1 & ?is seems to h prompt$ ^? :o 7 always want+ to increase ! /akes to devise excuses = increas+ ! numb] ( jack pots4 ,?is has be5 c>ri$ s f> t ! :ole sy/em has become a nuisance1 & has de/roy$ "o ( ! f9e/ po9ts 9 ! game ( ,pok]1--! lib]ty ( p]sonal judgm5t z to e c\nt] put into ! pool1 except ! bl9d4 ,! foll[+ excuses = mak+ jack pots are n[ 9 common use3 ,aft] a ,misdeal "s p>ties make x a jack2 b ! practice %\ld be condemn$1 because x puts x 9 ! p[] ( any individual play] to make x a jack :5 he deals4 ,! ,buck is "s article1 su* z a p5knife1 :i* is plac$ 9 ! pool at ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 & is tak5 d[n ) ! re/ ( ! pool by :i*ev] play] w9s x4 ,:5 x comes to 8 deal1 x is a jack pot1 & ! buck is plac$ 9 ! pool ) ! deal]'s ante1 to be won1 tak5 d[n1 & make ano!r jack 9 ! same way4 ,! usual cu/om is to fix ! am\nt ( ! ante 9 jack pots1 a r$1 or five :ites1 be+ ! common /ake4 ,9 "s places x is at ! option ( ! hold] ( ! buck to make ! ante any am\nt he pleases )9 ! bett+ limit4 ,:i*ev] sy/em is adopt$1 e play] at ! table mu/ deposit a l am\nt 9 ! pool4 ,play]s are sometimes p]mitt$ to pass a jack2 t is1 n to ante nor to take any "p 9 ! game until ! jack is decid$4 ,if ?is is to be all[$1 x %\ld be s und]/ood at ! beg9n+ ( ! game4 ,! ,high ,h& jack pot is play$ :5ev] a h& ( an agre$ value1 su* z a flu% or a full1 is %[n to ! bo>d2 t is1 call$4 ,9 "s places f\r ( a k9d calls = a r\nd ( jacks1 e play] 9 turn mak+ x a jack on 8 deal4 ,only ,two ,94 ,x is a common cu/om 9 l>ge p>ties1 say six or sev5 play]s1 to make x a jack :5 no "o b ! deal] w ante4 ,in/ead ( all[+ ! bl9d to make 8 ante good1 & draw c>ds aga9/ ! deal]1 ea* play] contributes two :ite c\nt]s1 ! age add+ "o to 8 bl9d1 & ! c>ds are r$ealt = a jack pot4 ,ano!r v>iety ( ?is cu/om is :5 ! bl9d is oppos$ by only "o ante1 to all[ ! age to make ?is play] take d[n 8 two c\nt]s1 & to pay two c\nt]s = him1 to make x a jack4 ,= in/ance3 ,five play1 & ,a has ! age4 ,b & ,c pass1 & ,d antes two c\nt]s4 ,! deal]1 ,e1 says3 8,i pass = a jack40 ,a !n puts up ?ree c\nt]s1 "o ( :i* is add$ to 8 bl9d1 ! o!r two pay+ ,d's ante 9 ! ensu+ jack4 ,d takes d[n 8 two c\nt]s1 & ! c>ds are r$ealt4 ,?is _c be done if m ?an "o play] has ant$1 nor if ! ante has be5 rais$ or ! bl9d /raddl$4 ,9 ! example j giv51 _h ,d rais$ ! ante to five c\nt]s & ,e pass$1 ! age w\ld h _h to put up f\r m :ite c\nt]s & draw c>ds1 or all[ ,d to w9 8 bl9d4 ,progressive ,jacks4 ,9 "s localities x is ! cu/om to make ! pair necess>y to op5 a jack pot progress 9 value2 ,jacks or bett] to op5 ! fir/ r\nd2 ,que5s ! next2 !n ,k+s2 !n ,aces2 & !n back to ,k+s1 ,que5s1 & ,jacks aga94 ,?is is v confus+1 & is n popul>4 ,fatt5+ ,jacks4 ,:5 ! orig9al ante is two c\nt]s only1 & no "o holds ,jacks or bett] on ! fir/ deal1 ea* play] mu/ contribute ano!r :ite c\nt] to 8fatt510 & ! c>ds are dealt aga94 ,?is cont9ues until ! pot is op5$2 t is1 until "s play] holds a h& z good or bett] ?an a pair ( ,jacks4 ,! fatt5+ process is foll[$ :5 ! deal] c make ! orig9al ante :at he pleases2 b if ! ante = jacks is a fix$ sum1 su* z a r$ c\nt]1 x is n usual to fatt5 ! pot at all4 ,?is saves all disputes z to :o is %y1 "o ( ! greate/ nuisances 9 ,pok]4 ,op5+ ,jacks4 ,z !re is no age or /raddle 9 any =m ( jack pot1 ! play] to ! left ( ! deal] has ! fir/ say1 & mu/ exam9e 8 h& to see if he has ,jacks or bett]2 t is to say1 ei!r an actual pair ( ,jacks1 or "s h& t w\ld beat a pair ( ,jacks if call$ ^u to d s1 su* z two pairs1 a /raight1 or triplets4 ,9 "s localities x is all[$ to op5 jacks ) a bobtail2 t is1 f\r c>ds ( a flu% or /raight4 ,if ! play] on ! deal]'s left has n op5]s1 or does n c>e to op5 ! pot if he has1 he says3 8,i pass20 b he does n ab&on 8 h&4 ,! next play] on 8 left mu/ !n decl>e4 ,9 "s places play]s are all[$ to ?r[ d[n _! c>ds :5 !y pass2 b 9 fir/-class games a p5alty ( five :ite c\nt]s mu/ be paid into ! pool by any play] ab&on+ 8 h& be=e ! second r\nd ( decl>ations1 z x gives an undue advantage to play]s ) m$ium h&s to "k t !y h only a limit$ numb] ( possible oppon5ts4 ,= in/ance3 ,if six play1 & ! fir/ ?ree n only pass1 b ?r[ d[n & ab&on _! c>ds1 a play] ) a pair ( ,jacks w "k t he has only two possible adv]s>ies to draw aga9/ him1 :i* w s increase 8 *ances t x may mat]ially alt] 8 bett+4 ,if no "o ackn[l$ges to hold+ ,jacks or bett]1 ! pot is fatt5$1 & ! c>ds are re%uffl$ & dealt4 ,! be/ practice is = ! same deal] to deal aga9 until "s "o gets ,jacks or bett]4 ,?is is call$ deal+ (f ! jack4 ,if any play] has =feit$ 8 "r 9 "o deal1 su* z by hav+ a f\l h&1 t does n prev5t him com+ into ! pot aga9 on ! next deal ) rights equal to ! o!r play]s4 ,if any play] holds ,jacks or bett]1 he c op5 ! pot1 or 8! jack10 = any am\nt he pleases )9 ! bett+ limit4 ,! expression 8op50 is us$ because aft] "o play] has decl>$ t he holds ,jacks or bett]1 all re/rictions are remov$1 & ! pool is !n op5 to any play] to come 9 & play = x1 reg>dless ( :at he may hold4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! left ( ! op5]1 mu/ decl>e :e!r or n he w /ay4 ,if he /ays1 he mu/ put up an am\nt equal to t bet by ! op5]1 & has ! privilege ( rais+ him if he sees fit4 ,if he passes1 he ?r[s 8 c>ds face d[nw>d on ! table 9 front ( ! play] ^: turn x w be to deal next4 ,%\ld ! op5] be rais$1 & n c>e to see t raise1 he mu/ %[ 8 h& to ! table be=e ab&on+ x1 9 ord] to demon/rate t he _h op5]s4 ,"s play]s %[ only ! c>ds necess>y to op51 b ! /rict rules require ! :ole h& to be %[n be=e ! draw4 ,:5 once ! jack is op5$1 ! bett+ be=e ! draw proce$s exactly z 9 ! ord9>y pool4 ,any play] on ! "r ( ! op5]1 :o pass$ on ! fir/ r\nd1 may come 9 aft] ! pot is op5$4 ,= in/ance3 ,e deals4 ,a & ,b pass1 b hold _! h&s4 ,c op5s1 & ,d ?r[s d[n 8 h&4 ,e sees ! op5]'s bet1 & x !n becomes ! turn ( ,a & ,b1 :o h pass$ once1 to say :e!r or n !y w play1 n[ t ! pot is op5$4 ,:5 all ^? :o h decl>$ to /ay h deposit$ an equal am\nt 9 ! pool1 !y draw c>ds to improve _! h&s1 j z 9 ! ord9>y pool1 ! play] on ! deal]'s left be+ help$ fir/4 ,all ^? :o draw c>ds1 except ! op5]1 ?r[ _! disc>ds into ! c5tre ( ! table z usual2 b ! op5] is oblig$ always to place 8 disc>d "u ! *ips 9 ! pool4 ,?is is 9 ord] t he may be able to %[ :at he held orig9ally1 9 case he %\ld conclude to split 8 op5]s 9 ord] to try = a bett] h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,he has op5$ ) a pair ( ,jacks1 b has f\r ( "o suit 9 8 h&4 ,f\r o!r play]s h /ay$1 p]haps ! bet has be5 rais$1 & he kn[s t 8 ,jacks w probably be wor?less1 ev5 if he gets a ?ird4 ,s he breaks ! pair1 & draws = a flu%4 ,z ! op5] always places 8 disc>d "u ! *ips 9 ! pool1 x is n necess>y = him to betray 8 game by tell+ ! :ole table t he is draw+ to a bobtail4 ,false ,op5]s4 ,%\ld a play] op5 a jack )\t ! h& to ju/ify x1 & discov] 8 error be=e he draws1 ! be/ usage dem&s t 8 h& is f\l1 & t he =feits to ! pool :atev] am\nt he may h op5$ =1 & any raises t he may h /ood4 ,!re are !n ?ree ways to play3 ,fir/4 ,^? :o h come 9 "u ! impression t ! pot _h be5 legitimately op5$ b :o h n op5]s !mselves1 c )draw _! money1 & all[ any "o to op5 x :o has op5]s4 ,?is is v unfair to ^? on ! left ( ! false op5] :o h ab&on$ _! h&s4 ,second4 ,^? :o h come into ! pot aft] ! false op5+ are all[$ to /ay 91 & play = x1 no matt] :at _! h&s are4 ,?ird4 ,on discov]y ( ! false op5+1 ea* play] is all[$ to take d[n :atev] am\nt he may h paid into ! pool1 includ+ 8 orig9al ante & all fatt5]s1 & ! false op5] mu/ !n make ! entire am\nt good4 ,! c>ds are !n dealt afre%4 ,?is is a v h>% puni%m5t = a v trifl+ & common error4 ,! second me?od is ! mo/ popul>1 & probably ! faire/1 & is n[ ! univ]sal rule4 ,if ! false op5] does n discov] 8 mi/ake until he has drawn c>ds1 8 action is at lea/ suspici\s1 & he %\ld be compell$ to put up ! total am\nt 9 ! pool1 z 9 case ?ree4 ,9 "s localities su* a play] is b>r$ f play+ ! next two jacks1 b compell$ to ante 8 %>e 9 ea*4 ,bett+ ,jacks4 ,:5 a jack pot has be5 prop]ly op5$1 & all h decl>$ :e!r or n !y w /ay1 & h drawn c>ds1 ! play]s proce$ to bet on _! h&s4 ,z !re is no age 9 jack pots1 ! rule is = ! op5] to make ! fir/ bet2 or1 if he has be5 rais$ out be=e ! draw1 ! play] next on 8 left :o /ill holds c>ds4 ,! op5] may decl9e to bet if he pleases2 b if he does s1 he mu/ %[ 8 op5]s1 & !n ab&on 8 h&4 ,if no bet is made1 ! la/ play] hold+ c>ds takes ! pool )\t %[+ 8 h&4 ,if a bet is made1 ea* play] 9 turn on ! left mu/ abdicate1 bett]1 or call1 j z 9 ! ord9>y pool4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! bett+1 if !re is a call1 ! be/ pok] h& w9s1 ( c\rse4 ,if !re is no call1 ! play] mak+ ! la/ bet or raise takes ! pool )\t %[+ 8 h&1 unless he is ! op5]1 :5 ! :ole h& ne$ n be %[n1 z x is no "o's bus9ess :at ! op5] got 9 ! draw1 no "o hav+ paid to see x4 ,all he ne$ %[ is op5]s4 ,b %\ld ! op5] be "o ( ^? 9 ! f9al call1 he mu/ %[ 8 :ole h&4 ,%\ld x !n be discov]$ t he has n op5]s1 ! false op5] is compell$ to ante = all ! play]s at ! table = ano!r ,jack4 ,?is is usually call$ giv+ !m a 8free ride40 ,! ,kitty is n[ an almo/ univ]sal adjunct to ! pool4 ,9 clubs1 x pays = ! c>ds1 & = an occasional r\nd ( refre%m5ts2 9 small pok] p>ties x defrays ! exp5se ( ! weekly supp]4 ,:5 ! am\nt is excessive1 or accumulates too rapidly1 x is (t5 us$ to give ! play]s a 8free ride0 by pay+ all _! antes 9 a 8kitty jack pot40 ,! kitty is usually kept by ! bank]1 :o takes a :ite c\nt] out ( e pool 9 :i* triplets or bett] are %[n to ! bo>d1 & a r$ c\nt] out ( e jack pot4 ,^! c\nt]s mu/ be kept ap>t f ! o!r *ips1 & mu/ be acc\nt$ = at ! end ( ! game by pay+ ! kitty s mu* 9 ca%1 j z if x 0 "o ( ! play]s4 ,gambl+ h\ses & pok] rooms are suppos$ to d]ive _! entire rev5ue f ?is s\rce1 & ^? ( ! l[e/ class inv5t endless excuses = tak+ out = ! kitty4 ,9 _m h\ses !re is a slid+ scale = v>i\s h&s2 "o c\nt] be+ tak5 = two pairs2 two c\nt]s = triplets2 ?ree = /raights or flu%es2 & a r$ = f\rs1 jack pots1 & misdeals4 ,x is n uncommon = ! proprietors ( su* games to f9d ?irty or =ty doll>s 9 ! kitty aft] a night's play ) five-c5t *ips4 ,,table ,,/akes4 ,?is is "o ( sev]al v>iations 9 arrang+ ! /akes & ! bett+ limit4 ,9 "s localities x is ! cu/om to all[ ea* play] to pur*ase z _m c\nt]s z he pleases2 9 o!rs x is ! rule to compel ea* to buy an equal numb] at ! />t1 usually two hundr$ times ! am\nt ( ! bl9d4 ,9 table /akes ! bett+ limit is always ! am\nt t ! play] has 9 front ( him2 b no play] is all[$ ei!r to increase or dim9i% t am\nt :ile he has any c>ds 9 front ( him4 ,be=e ! c>ds are dealt = any pool he may ann\nce t he wi%es to buy c\nt]s1 or t he has "s to sell to any o!r play] wi%+ to pur*ase2 b = ei!r transaction ! cons5t ( all ! o!r play]s mu/ be obta9$4 ,no play] is all[$ "u any circum/ances to borr[ f ano!r1 nor to be 8%y0 9 any pot2 t is1 to say1 8,i owe s _m40 ,if he has any c\nt]s 9 front ( him1 8 bett+ is limit$ to :at he has2 if he has none1 he is out ( ! game1 = t h& at lea/4 ,z a play] _c increase ! am\nt he has 9 front ( him dur+ ! play ( a h&1 x is be/ to keep on ! table at all times z mu* z "o is likely to want to bet on any "o h&4 ,x is ! usual cu/om1 & an excell5t "o1 to fix ^u a def9ite h\r = clos+ a game ( table /akes1 & to all[ no play] to retire f ! game be=e t h\r unless he is decav1 7has lo/ all 8 capital74 ,%\ld he insi/ on retir+1 :atev] c\nt]s he has mu/ be divid$ among ! o!r play]s1 & if !re are any odd ones aft] ! division1 !y mu/ be put into ! curr5t pool4 ,9 table /akes1 any play] may call a sight = :at money or c\nt]s he has 9 front ( him1 ev5 %\ld ano!r play] h bet a mu* l>g] am\nt4 ,= in/ance3 ,a has bet ?ree doll>s1 & ,b has only two doll>s 9 front ( him1 b wi%es to call ,a4 ,b calls = a sight by putt+ 8 two doll>s 9 ! pool1 & ,a mu/ !n )draw 8 ?ird doll> f ! pool1 b leave x on ! table to be call$ or rais$ by any o!r play]4 ,%\ld ,c wi% to call ,a1 or ev5 to raise him1 ,a & ,c may cont9ue ! bett+ indep5d5tly ( ,b's "p ( ! pool4 ,%\ld ,c h ev5 less money ?an ,b1 say "o doll>1 he may /ill fur!r r$uce ! orig9al pool1 leav+ ! two doll>s aside = settlem5t betwe5 ,a & ,b1 & ,a's ?ird doll> /ill aside f t aga9 = ! decision ( any o!r play]4 ,let u suppose t ,a & ,c cont9ue ! bett+ until "o calls4 ,:5 ! h&s are %[n1 if ei!r ,a's or ,c's is bett] ?an ,b's1 ,b loses 8 int]e/2 b if ,b's h& is bett] ?an ei!r ,a's h& or ,c's h&1 he takes ! "p ( ! pool = :i* he call$ a sight1 :ile ,a & ,c decide ! rema9d] betwe5 !m4 ,= in/ance3 ,a calls ,c1 & ,c %[s ?ree t5s4 ,nei!r ,a nor ,b c beat x1 & ,c takes ev]y?+4 ,b if ,b _h ?ree ,jacks1 & ,a only ?ree fives1 ,b w\ld take ! "p ( ! pool = :i* he call$ a sight1 & ,c w\ld take ! rema9d]4 ,%\ld ,c h rais$ & bluff$ ,a out1 or h bet s mu* t ,a f9ally refus$ to call1 ,a w\ld h no int]e/ 9 ei!r pool1 & ,c w\ld take all ! money outside ! pool = :i* ,b call$ a sight4 ,%\ld x !n transpire1 on ! %[ ( h&s betwe5 ,b & ,c1 t ,a _h laid d[n a bett] h& ?an ei!r ( !m1 t w\ld n entitle ,a to claim ! sight pool f ,b1 because 9 lay+ d[n 8 h& he has practically ackn[l$g$ t ,c's h& is bett]1 & has retir$ f ! game4 ,if ,b's h& is bett] ?an ,c's1 ,b takes ! sight pool4 ,,freeze ,,out4 ,?is might be call$ a v>iety ( table /akes4 ,at ! />t1 ea* play] is suppli$ ) an equal numb] ( c\nt]s2 b no "o is all[$ to repl5i% 8 /ock1 or to )draw or loan any "p ( x4 ,z soon z any play] has lo/ 8 capital he is decav1 or froz5 out1 & mu/ p]man5tly retire f ! game4 ,! o!r play]s cont9ue until only "o rema9s1 :o mu/ ( c\rse w9 ev]y?+ on ! table4 ,?is is n a popul> =m ( ,pok]1 because x is sometimes a long "t be=e a play] :o is froz5 out c get into a game aga94 ,,%[-,,d[n ,,pok]4 ,?is is a v>iety ( draw pok]1 9 :i* ea* play] takes ! five c>ds dealt to him & turns !m face up s t all ! o!r play]s c see !m4 ,ea* play] disc>ds & draws 9 turn1 elde/ h& fir/4 ,z soon z a h& is beat5 x is ?r[n into ! deadwood1 all ! c>ds drawn be+ dealt face up4 ,,flat ,,pok]4 ,9 ?is v>iety ( ! game1 be=e ! c>ds are dealt1 ! age puts up1 = a bl9d1 any am\nt he pleases )9 ! limit4 ,^? :o are will+ to bet a simil> am\nt on ! possibilities ( _! h&s put up a simil> am\nt4 ,^? :o decl9e are n giv5 any c>ds4 ,!re are no /raddles1 raises1 or antes4 ,imm$iately aft] ! deal ea* play] :o is 9 ! pool draws c>ds1 ! age fir/4 ,!re are !n two ways to play3 ,! h&s are %[n & ! be/ w9s2 or1 beg9n+ ) ! age1 ea* play] may say if he w back 8 h& aga9/ ! field2 i4e41 all ! o!rs 9 ! pool4 ,if he w1 he mu/ put up z mu* z _! comb9$ /akes4 ,he _c be rais$2 b if any "o play] or comb9ation ( play]s call him1 & "o ( !m c beat 8 h&1 ! field divide ! pool4 ,= in/ance3 ,age makes x a blue1 & ?ree o!rs /ay ) him4 ,aft] ! draw ,c puts up ?ree blues aga9/ ! field4 ,d & ,a call x1 & all %[ h&s4 ,if any ( ! ?ree1 ,a1 ,b or ,d c beat ,c !y divide ! pool1 ,b gett+ 8 ?ird1 al?\gh he did n contribute to ! call4 ,?is game is a pure gamble2 except t a bold play] may occasionally bluff ! field (f4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,*eat+4 ,pok] & its cong5]s h receiv$ m att5tion f ! greeks ?an any o!r family ( c>d games4 ,9 fact x is g5]ally believ$ t ! t]m greek1 z appli$ to a c>d %>p]1 _h its orig9 9 ! ,adam ( ! pok] family1 :i* 0 a gambl+ game introduc$ by ! ,greeks 9 ,italy4 ,s num]\s & s v>i$ are ! me?ods ( *eat+ at ,pok] t x is an axiom among gambl]s t if a pigeon w n /& "o ?+ he w ano!r4 ,! be/ in=m$ make x a rule nev] to play ,pok] ) /rang]s1 because !y realize t x is impossible = any b a pr(essional gambl] to "k half ! tricks employ$ by ! pok] %>p4 ,x is a notori\s fact t ev5 ! %rewde/ gambl]s are cont9ually be+ tak5 9 by o!rs m exp]t ?an !mselves4 ,:at *ance !n has ! hone/ c>d play]8 ,!re are black %eep 9 all flocks1 & x may be well to give a few h9ts to ^? :o are 9 ! habit ( play+ 9 mix$ companies4 ,nev] play ) a man :o looks att5tively at ! faces ( ! c>ds z he ga!rs !m = 8 deal2 or :o /&s ! pack on edge1 ) ! faces ( ! c>ds t[>ds him1 & ev5s up ! bun* by pick+ out c]ta9 c>ds1 app>5tly because !y are /ick+ up4 ,any pack c be /raight5$ by pu%+ ! c>ds d[n ) ! h&4 ,! man :o lifts !m up is m ?an probably a *eat4 ,nev] play ) a man :o looks int5tly at ! pack & %uffles ! c>ds sl[ly4 ,if he is n locat+ ! c>ds = ! ensu+ deal he is wa/+ "t1 & %\ld be hurri$ a little4 ,nev] play ) a p]son :o leaves ! cut portion ( ! pack on ! table1 & deals (f ! o!r "p4 ,9 small p>ties ?is is a v common way ( work+ :at is kn[n z ! top /ock4 ,if su* a deal] is c>efully wat*$ x w usually be f\nd t he seizes ! fir/ opportunity to place ! "p cut (f on ! top ( ! "p dealt f4 ,! top /ock is !n ready = ! draw1 & ! judici\s play] %\ld at once ca% 8 *ips & retire f ! game4 ,nev] play ) a man :o cont9ually holds 8 c>ds v close to 8 body1 or :o completely conceals 8 h& be=e ! draw1 or :o takes great c>e to put 8 disc>d among previ\s disc>ds1 s t ! exact numb] ( c>ds put out _c be c\nt$4 ,he is probably work+ a ve/ or sleeve hold-out4 ,"s clumsy or audaci\s %>p]s w g s f> z to hold out c>ds 9 _! lap1 or /ick !m 9 a 8bug0 "u ! table4 ,"o ( ! mo/ successful pok] %>ps ev] kn[n1 8,eat-um-up ,jake0 ,blackburn1 :o _h a h& l a ham1 c\ld hold out five c>ds 9 8 palm :ile he c>ri$ on all ! op]ations ( %uffl+1 deal+1 & play+ 8 h&4 ,su* m5 require great dext]ity & n]ve to get rid ( _! 8deadwood10 or surplus c>ds1 )\t detection4 ,hold+ out is reg>d$ by ! pr(essional z a mo/ dang]\s exp]im5t1 b x is v common4 ,nev] play ) a man :o keeps 8 eyes rivett$ on ! c>ds z he deals1 & :o deals comp>atively sl[ly4 ,he is probably us+ m>k$ c>ds1 or has m>k$ ! important ones himself dur+ ! play4 ,pok] %>ps :o m>k c>ds by scrat*+ !m ) a %>p po9t conceal$ 9 a r+ are oblig$ to hold ! c>ds at a c]ta9 angle to ! light 9 ord] to see ! scrat*es4 ,^? :o dig po9ts 9 ! c>ds ) ! ?umb nail dep5d on t\* in/ead ( sight4 ,if y f9d su* po9ts on ! c>ds1 ei!r dig o!r po9ts on o!r c>ds1 or retire f ! game4 ,aga9/ ! hold-out or m>k$ c>ds !re is no protection1 because ! deal] does n c>e h[ mu* ! c>ds 9 ! pack are %uffl$ or cut2 b e me?od ( runn+ up h&s1 or /ock+ c>ds1 c be made ineffective if ! pone w n only cut ! c>ds1 b c>efully reunite ! packets4 ,if ! two p>ts are /raight5$ aft] ! cut1 x w be impossible = ! deal] to %ift ! cut1 & br+ ! c>ds back to _! orig9al position4 ,! deal] w sometimes b5d ! top or bottom c>d s z to =m a bridge1 :i* w enable him to f9d ! place :]e ! c>ds 7 cut4 ,?is c only be ov]come by %uffl+ ! c>ds in/ead ( cutt+ !m1 :i* e play] has ! "r to d4 ,if y insi/ on %uffl+1 ! greek w d ! same 9 8 turn1 & w run up h&s to be dealt to himself4 ,x is p]fectly useless to endeav\r to protect y\rself aga9/ a pok] %>p2 ! only rem$y is to leave ! game4 ,_m p]sons h a /rong prejudice aga9/ play+ ) a man :o %uffles 8 *ips4 ,! m]e fact ( 8 be+ an exp]t at *ip %uffl+ has no?+ to d ) ! game ( pok]1 ! accompli%m5t usually be+ ! result ( long exp]i5ce at ! f>o table4 ,! reason = ! prejudice is t a *ip %uffl] is usually cold blood$1 c\rage\s1 & seldom a los] at any game t requires n]ve4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,volumes might be writt5 = ! guidance ( ! pok] play] )\t improv+ 8 game a p>ticle1 unless he possesses at lea/ "o ( f\r qualifications3 ,control ov] 8 features & actions2 judgm5t ( human nature2 c\rage2 & pati5ce4 ,! man ^: face or mann] betrays ! nature ( 8 h&1 or ! effect ( an oppon5t's bet or raise1 w f9d ev]yone to beat 8 weak h&s1 & no "o to call 8 /rong ones4 ,unless he is a fair judge ( human nature he w nev] be able to e/imate ! /r5g? or peculi>ities ( ! play]s to :om he is oppos$1 & w fail to di/+ui% a bluff f an ambuscade4 ,)\t c\rage he _c reap ! full b5efit ( 8 good h&s2 & )\t pati5ce he _c save 8 money 9 ! "t ( adv]sity4 ,( "o ?+ e play] may re/ assur$1 & t is t ,pok] _c be play$ by ma!matical =mulas4 ,beyond ! mo/ elem5t>y calculations ( ! *ances 9 fav\r ( c]ta9 ev5ts ! !ory ( probabilities is ( no assi/ance4 ,x is n necess>y to call 9 a ma!matician to prove t a play] :o habitually disc>ds a pair ( aces to draw to ?ree c>ds ( a suit w lose by ! op]ation 9 ! long run4 ,nor w any am\nt ( calculation conv9ce "s play]s t !y are wa/+ _! money to /ay 9 a jack pot 9 ord] to draw to a pair ( t5s1 al?\gh su* is ! fact4 ,! v>i\s positions occupi$ by ! play] at ! pok] table may be briefly exam9$1 & "s g5]al sugge/ions (f]$ = 8 guidance 9 ea* ( !m4 ,9 ! fir/ place he %\ld look out = 8 c\nt]s4 ,x is always be/ = ea* play] to place ! am\nt ( 8 ante or 8 bet imm$iately 9 front ( him1 s t !re ne$ be no dispute z to :o is up1 or :o is %y4 ,above all x %\ld be insi/$ t any play] :o has once put c\nt]s 9 ! pool1 & tak5 8 h& f !m1 %\ld n aga9 take !m d[n4 ,! ,age is ! mo/ valuable position at ! table1 b x is seldom fully tak5 advantage (4 ,! age %\ld nev] look at 8 h& until x is 8 turn to make good 8 bl9d4 ,he may pick up 8 c>ds1 b he %\ld use 8 eyes 9 foll[+ ! mann] & facial expression ( ! o!r play]s z !y sort _! c>ds4 ,"o ( ! greate/ errors made by ! age is 9 ?9k+ t he mu/ save 8 bl9d4 ,! play] :o draws to no?+ because he c d s *eaply1 w usually h no?+ to draw at ! end ( ! game4 ,! age c usually af=d to draw to f\r-c>d flu%es1 & to /raights op5 at bo? ends1 b %\ld n d s :5 !re are less ?an ?ree :o h paid to draw c>ds1 or :5 ! ante has be5 rais$4 ,if ! age holds ,k+s or bett] be=e ! draw1 he %\ld inv>iably raise ! ante unless !re are five play]s 9 ! pool besides himself1 or unless "s o!r play] has already rais$4 ,if he holds two pairs1 he %\ld d all 8 bett+ be=e ! draw4 ,if any o!r play] has rais$1 or 8 own raise is re-rais$1 ! age mu/ use 8 judgm5t ( ! play] & ! circum/ances4 ,x is useless = ! age to disguise 8 h& by su* manuvres z hold+ up an odd c>d to a pair1 unless he raises ! bl9d at ! same "t4 ,if he draws "o or two c>ds only1 & has n rais$ ! bl9d1 e "o w cr$it him = a small pair & an ace1 or = a bobtail1 & w inevitably call any bluff he may make4 ,! age is ! poore/ position at ! table = a bluff1 b x is decid$ly ! be/ 9 :i* to w9 l>ge pots ) mod]ate h&s4 ,! ,deal] has ! next be/ position to ! age1 & 9 l>ge p>ties !re is v little diff]5ce 9 ! way 9 :i* ! two positions %\ld be play$4 ,! fir/ bettor has ! wor/ position at ! table & he %\ld seldom come 9 on less ?an ,que5s4 ,he %\ld seldom raise ! ante1 ev5 ) two pairs1 z he w only drive o!rs out4 ,9 ?is position v little c be made out ( good h&s1 because e "o expects to f9d !m !re2 b x (f]s _m excell5t opportunities = successful bluff+4 ,a play] 9 ?is position %\ld nev] /raddle4 ,_m play]s endeav\r to =ce _! luck 9 ?is way1 b x is a los+ game1 & ! be/ play]s seldom or nev] /raddle4 ,hav+ to make ! fir/ bet aft] ! draw1 x is usual = ! play] 9 ?is position1 if he has an av]age h&1 to *ip along1 by simply bett+ a s+le c\nt]1 & wait+ = developm5ts4 ,) a /rong h&1 x is be/ to bet its full value at once1 on ! *ance t ! bet may be tak5 = a bluff1 & call$4 ,o!r ,positions4 ,z ! positions g r\nd ! table f ! fir/ bettor to ! age1 !y become m desirable1 & little ne$ be said ( !m beyond ! consid]ation ( ! av]age /r5g? necess>y = a play] to g 9 on4 ,,go+ ,,94 ,!re is a great diff]5ce ( op9ion z to ! m9imum value ( a h& :i* %\ld ju/ify a play] 9 draw+ c>ds if he c d s = ! usual ante4 ,9 close games _m play]s make x a rule n to g 9 on less ?an t5s1 :ile 9 m lib]al circles ! play]s w draw to any pair4 ,9 det]m9+ :i* c\rse to foll[1 ! individual mu/ be guid$ by 8 obs]vation & judgm5t4 ,suppose five play1 & ,a obs]ves t ,b & ,c con/antly draw to small pairs1 :ile ,d & ,e nev] come 9 on less ?an t5s4 ,if ,a has ! age1 ,b1 ,d1 & ,e hav+ ant$1 ,a may be sure t !re are at lea/ two good h&s aga9/ him1 & w guide himself accord+ly4 ,b if ,b & ,c are ! only play]s 91 ,a may safely draw to a small pair4 ,x c be ma!matically demon/rat$ t :at is call$ an av]age g-9 h& %\ld be at lea/ a pair ( t5s2 b a play] :o waits = t5s 9 a lib]al game1 9 :i* o!rs are draw+ to ace high1 w ante himself away if !re are _m jack pots1 & w get no calls :5 he gets a h&4 ,,bett+4 ,good play]s are guid$ by ! g5]al "* ( ! game 9 :i* !y take "p4 ,"s p>ties play a v lib]al game1 & ! play]s bet high on m$ium h&s1 & give e "o a good fight4 ,x is be/ to h lib]al or lucky play]s on y\r "r2 because if !y sit beh9d y1 !y w cont9ually raise y1 & y w be =c$ ei!r to ov]bid y\r h& on ! same lib]al scale t !y adopt1 or lose :at y h already put up4 ,if a lib]al play] sits on y\r "r y w (t5 be able to make l>ge w9n+s on mod]ate h&s4 ,9 a close game1 :5 ! play]s bet 9 a nigg>dly mann]1 ! lib]al play] is at a great disadvantage2 = he c w9 little or no?+ on 8 good h&s1 b w lose l>ge am\nts :5 he runs up ! bett+ on a good h& :i* is oppos$ to "o t is bett]4 ,:5 a lib]al play] f9ds a close play] foll[+ him freely1 he may be sure !re is a v /rong h& aga9/ him4 ,,v>iety4 ,above all ?+s a play] %\ld avoid regul>ity 9 8 play1 because obs]vant adv]s>ies w soon le>n 8 me?ods4 ,! be/ play]s usually play two pairs pat1 )\t draw+1 ab\t half ! "t4 ,?is gives !m ! reputation ( bett+ on pat h&s :i* are n g5u9e1 & :5 !y get "o t is real1 !y w (t5 succe$ 9 gett+ a good bet1 or ev5 a raise1 f ^? hold+ triplets or two l>ge pairs1 :o h notic$ !m play two pairs pat4 ,9 ! same way x is advisable to hold up an odd c>d occasionally1 )\t rais+ ! ante2 s t :5 y d hold triplets1 & draw two c>ds1 y w n fright5 e "o at ! table4 ,! *ances ( improv+ a pair by draw+ ?ree c>ds1 are "o 9 ?ree2 & by draw+ two c>ds only1 "o 9 f\r4 ,! diff]5ce is wor? ! moral effect ( ! v>iation 9 ! play4 ,,probabilities4 ,! endless pok] /ati/ics t h be5 publi%$ are ( little or no value to ! practical play]1 & !re are only a few figures t are wor? rememb]+4 ,x is a g5]al law 9 all games ( *ance t y %\ld nev] d a ?+ :i* y w\ld n be will+ to repeat "u ! same circum/ances a hundr$ times4 ,! be/ example ( ! application ( ?is law is 9 draw+ to bobtails4 ,if y h a f\r-c>d flu% to draw to1 ! odds aga9/ gett+ x are ab\t f\r to "o2 & unless y c obta9 ! privilege ( draw+ to x by pay+ n m ?an "o-fif? ( ! am\nt 9 ! pool1 y w lose by x 9 ! long run4 ,! be/ play]s nev] draw to f\r-c>d flu%es except :5 !y h ! age1 & ! ante has n be5 rais$4 ,!re are "s play]s :o pret5d to be s guid$ by probabilities t !y nev] g into a pool unless ! *ances 9 fav\r ( _! hav+ a good h& aft] ! draw are at lea/ equal to ! odds !y h to bet by go+ into ! pool4 ,?is is all nons5se2 = no play] kn[s :5 he goes into a pool h[ mu* x w co/ him to get out1 & ! value ( 8 individual h& is an unkn[n quantity at ! be/1 because x _c be comp>$ to ! o!rs4 ,"o ?+ only is c]ta91 & t is t 9 ! long run ! play] :o goes 9 ) ! /ronge/ h& w /ill h ! /ronge/ h& aft] ! draw4 ,?is is an important ?+ to rememb] 9 jack pots1 9 :i* ! value ( at lea/ "o h& is kn[n4 ,if y draw to a pair small] ?an ,jacks1 y d s ) ! full k t ! pair itself is n /rong en\gh to w94 ,n[ :at are ! odds aga9/ y\r w9n+ ! pool8 ,suppose y hold t5s1 & draw ?ree c>ds4 ,y\r *ance ( improv+ y\r h& is a little bett] ?an "o 9 five4 ,! op5] ( ! jack pot has exactly ! same *ance1 & if bo? ( y draw c>ds a hundr$ times "u ^? circum/ances1 he w beat y 9 ! long run1 to say no?+ ( ! o!r play]s :o may come 9 & beat bo? ( y4 ,x is !re=e evid5t t 9 back+ t5s aga9/ op5]s1 x is f\r to "o aga9/ y\r beat+ ! op5]s to beg9 )1 & if y d beat !m ! odds are /ill aga9/ y\r w9n+ ! pot4 ,if !re 7 five play]s1 & ! jack pots 7 all equal 9 am\nt1 y w\ld h to w9 "o pot out ( five to make y\r inve/m5t pay4 ,c y make ?is av]age :5 y\r orig9al pair w n beat op5]s8 ,!re are ?ree pr9ciples ) reg>d to ! draw t %\ld nev] be lo/ sight (3 7#a7 ,an av]age g-9 h& is a h& :i* w w9 its proportion ( ! pools1 accord+ to ! numb] play+1 tak+ all improvem5ts & opposition into acc\nt4 ,?is c be demon/rat$ to be a pair ( t5s4 7#b7 ,! draw is mu* m valuable to a weak h& ?an to a /rong "o1 & weak h&s w improve 9 mu* great] proportion ?an /rong ones w4 ,= in/ance3 ,! *ances = a play] to improve by draw+ to a pair ( ,que5s are "o 9 ?ree & a half4 ,he may make two pairs1 or triplets1 or a full h&1 or f\r ( a k9d4 ,! *ances ( improvem5t = a play] draw+ to two pairs1 say ,eights up1 are only "o 9 ?irte54 ,?is consid]ation leads play]s to adopt two l9es ( play3 ,to bet all !y int5d to on two pairs be=e ! draw1 9 ord] to prev5t weak] h&s draw+ c>ds & improv+2 or1 to disc>d ! small] pair 9 ord] to increase _! *ances ( improvem5t4 7#c7 ,! small] ! numb] ( play]s1 ! great] ! value ( ! h&s2 & ! l>g] ! numb] ( play]s1 ! great] ! *ance t any giv5 h& w be beat54 ,:5 only two play1 y c safely bet ! limit on a pair ( ,eights2 b 9 a p>ty ( eight play]s !y are h>dly wor? draw+ to4 ,= ?is reason av]age h&s %\ld =ce ! weak] out1 & r$uce ! numb] ( play]s be=e ! draw4 ,= ! b5efit ( ^? int]e/$ 9 su* matt]s ! probable improvem5t by ! draw may be briefly giv54 ,x is #b to #a aga9/ improv+ a pair by draw+ ?ree c>ds2 ! *ances aga9/ mak+ triplets or two pairs be+ #h to #a2 aga9/ a full h&1 #fa to #a2 & aga9/ f\r ( a k9d1 #cfd to #a4 ,x is #d to #a aga9/ improv+ a pair by draw+ two c>ds2 ! *ances aga9/ triplets be+ #ab to #a1 & #h to #a aga9/ two pairs4 ,x is #ab to #a aga9/ mak+ a full h& by draw+ to two pairs4 ,x is #h to #a aga9/ improv+ triplets by draw+ two c>ds2 #ad to #a aga9/ a full h&1 & #bc to #a aga9/ f\r ( a k9d4 ,x is #ab to #a aga9/ improv+ if "o c>d is drawn2 #af to #a aga9/ ! full1 & #df to #a aga9/ f\r ( a k9d4 ,x is #aa to #a aga9/ mak+ a /raight out ( a sequ5ce ( f\r c>ds :i* is op5 9 ! middle1 or at "o end only4 ,x is #e to #a aga9/ mak+ a /raight out ( a sequ5ce ( f\r :i* is op5 at bo? ends4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9-,,betwe5 ,,/raight4 ,,op5-,,end ,,/raight4 ,x is #d to #a aga9/ fill+ a f\r-c>d flu%4 ,x is #bc to #a aga9/ fill+ a ?ree-c>d flu%4 ,x is #ie to #a aga9/ fill+ a two-c>d flu%4 ,x is #c to #a aga9/ improv+ a f\r-c>d /raight flu% :i* is op5 at bo? ends4 ,! *ances aga9/ gett+ ! /raight or ! flu% h be5 giv52 ! odds aga9/ gett+ ! /raight flu% are #bd to #a4 ,! *ance = gett+ a pair exi/s2 b ! pair w\ld probably be wor?less4 ,x is #d to #a aga9/ improv+ a f\r-c>d /raight flu% op5 9 ! middle1 or at "o end only2 ! odds aga9/ gett+ ! /raight flu% be+ #df to #a4 ,!re are sev]al m9or or speculative draws :i* may be ( int]e/4 ,draw+ to an ace & a ,k+1 x is #c to #a aga9/ mak+ a pair ( ei!r4 ,x is #d to #a aga9/ mak+ a pair ( aces by draw+ f\r c>ds to an ace2 & #ab to #a aga9/ mak+ aces up1 or bett]4 ,x is #bd to #a aga9/ mak+ a /raight by draw+ to ?ree c>ds ( x1 op5 at bo? ends4 ,x is #ab to #a aga9/ mak+ ei!r a /raight or a flu% by draw+ to ?ree c>ds ( a /raight flu%1 op5 at bo? ends4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,w9 ,,at ,,pok]4 ,!re h be5 _m alleg$ infallible receipts = w9n+ at ,pok]4 ,proctor ?\ght t refus+ to g 9 on less ?an triplets w\ld prove a c]ta9ty2 b 9 ! same p>agraph he ackn[l$ges t ! adv]s>ies w\ld soon le>n ! peculi>ity1 & avoid bett+ aga9/ ! play]4 ,triplets be=e ! draw occur ab\t once 9 e #de h&s4 ,if five 7 play+1 a p]son foll[+ ,proctor's advice w\ld h to bl9d #i times1 & ante 9 at lea/ #ab jack pots 9 e #de h&s1 to say no?+ ( fatt5+4 ,?is means an outlay ( at lea/ #ge c\nt]s4 ,:5 ! triplets come1 w he get back #ge c\nt]s on !m8 ,he w probably w9 ! bl9d1 & "o or two antes2 b ! mom5t he makes 8 own ante good1 e play] :o _c beat triplets1 kn[+ 8 sy/em1 w lay d[n 8 h&4 ,an ext5sive obs]vation ( ! me?ods ( ! be/ play]s has l$ ! au?or to ! conclusion t ! great secret ( success 9 ,pok]1 ap>t f natural aptitude = ! game1 & be+ a good actor1 is to avoid call+4 ,if y ?9k y h ! be/ h&1 raise4 ,if y ?9k y h n ! be/1 lay x d[n4 ,al?\gh y may sometimes lay d[n a bett] h& ?an ! "o t takes ! pool1 ! sy/em w prove ( imm5se advantage to y 9 two ways3 ,9 ! fir/ place1 y w f9d x a great educator ( ! judgm5t2 & 9 ! second place1 x w take almo/ any oppon5t's n]ve4 ,once an adv]s>y has le>n$ y\r me?od1 x is n a "q ( 8 bett+ a r$ *ip on 8 h&2 b ( 8 will+ness to /& a raise ( two blues1 :i* he w reg>d z inevitable if y come 9 aga9/ him at all4 ,! fe> ( ?is raise w prompt _m a play] to lay d[n a mod]ately good h& )\t a bet2 s t y h all ! advantage ( hav+ made a /rong bluff )\t hav+ put up a *ip4 ,! sy/em w also drive all b ! mo/ c\rage\s to call+ y\r h& on e occasion1 be+ afraid ( a fur!r & inevitable raise2 & x is an old say+ t a good call] is a sure los]4 ,! !ory ( call+ is to get an opportunity to comp>e y\r h& ) y\r adv]s>y's4 ,n[1 if y ?9k t aft] ! comp>ison y\rs w prove ! bett] h&1 :y n increase ! value ( ! pool8 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 y fe> t 8 h& w beat y\rs1 :y ?r[ good money aft] bad8 ,if y don't ?9k at all ab\t x1 & h no means ( =m+ an op9ion z to ! respective m]its ( y\r h&s1 y are n a pok] play]1 & h no bus9ess 9 ! game4 ,,bluff+4 ,!re is no?+ connect$ ) ,pok] on :i* p]sons h su* confus$ ideas z on ! subject ( bluff+4 ,! popul> impression seems to be t a /iff upp] lip1 & a *e]ful expression ( c\nt5ance1 accompani$ by a bet ( five doll>s1 w make mo/ p lay d[n ?ree aces2 & t ?is result w be br\ght ab\t by ! five-doll> bet1 )\t any reg>d to ! play]'s position at ! table1 ! numb] ( c>ds he drew1 8 mann] ( see+ or rais+ ! ante1 or ! play ( 8 adv]s>ies be=e ! draw4 ,! tru? ( ! matt] is t = a bluff to be ei!r s\nd 9 pr9ciple or successful 9 practice1 ! play] mu/ c>efully select 8 opportunity4 ,! bluff mu/ be plann$ f ! />t1 & consi/5tly play$ f ! ante to ! end4 ,to use a common expression3 8,! play mu/ be "r = x1 or ! bluff w be wrong40 ,!re are _m cases 9 :i* a bluff ( fifty c5ts w\ld be mu* /rong] ?an "o ( five doll>s2 ! diff]5ce dep5d+ on ! play]'s position at ! table1 8 treatm5t ( ! ante1 & ! numb] ( c>ds he _h drawn4 ,z an example ( ! play be+ "r = a bluff1 take ! foll[+ case3 ,five play 9 a jack pot4 ,a & ,b h pass$ :5 ,c op5s x = ! limit4 ,d & ,e pass out1 b ,a & ,b bo? /ay1 & ea* draws "o c>d4 ,c takes two c>ds1 & z x is 8 fir/ bet he puts up ! limit on 8 ?ree aces4 ,a drops out1 b ,b raises ,c ! limit 9 return4 ,n[1 if ,c is a good play] he w lay d[n 8 ?ree aces1 ev5 if he fa9tly suspects ,b is bluff+1 because ,b's play is s\nd 9 any case4 ,he ei!r c\ld n1 or pret5d$ he c\ld n op5 ! jack2 b he c\ld af=d to pay ! limit to draw "o c>d aga9/ op5]s1 & he c\ld af=d to raise ! limit aga9/ an op5]'s evid5tly hone/ two-c>d draw4 ,z a matt] ( fact ! :ole play 0 a bluff2 = ,b n only _h no?+1 b _h no?+ to draw to orig9ally4 ,ano!r v>iety ( ! bluff1 :i* is ! au?or's own inv5tion1 w (t5 prove successful ) /rang]s1 b x c seldom be repeat$ 9 ! same company4 ,suppose six play 9 a jack pot4 ,a passes1 & ,b op5s x by quietly putt+ up 8 c\nt]s4 ,c & ,d pass1 & ,e1 pret5d+ n to "k t ,b has op5$ x1 ann\nces t he w op5 x = ! limit1 al?\gh he has n a pair 9 8 h&4 ,he is ( c\rse imm$iately in=m$ t x has be5 op5$1 ^u :i* he unhesitat+ly raises x = ! limit4 ,:atev] ! o!rs d1 ,e /&s pat1 & looks *e]ful4 ,! au?or has nev] kn[n ?is bluff to be call$4 ,hold+ a /rong h&1 a play] may (t5 coax ano!r to raise him1 by (f]+ to divide ! pool4 ,! successful bluff] %\ld nev] %[ 8 h&4 ,ev5 if he />ts ! game by bluff+ = adv]tis+ purposes1 hop+ to get call$ on good h&s lat]1 he %\ld n %[ any?+ or tell any?+ t ! o!rs d n pay to see or "k4 ,bluff+ is usually m successful :5 a play] is 9 a lucky ve9 ?an :5 he has be5 un=tunate4 ,,pok] ,,laws4 #a4 ,=mation ( ,table4 ,a pok] table is complete ) sev5 play]s4 ,if eight play ! deal] mu/ take no c>ds1 or a sixty-c>d pack mu/ be us$4 ,if !re are m ?an sev5 c&idates = play1 two tables mu/ be =m$ unless ! majority decide aga9/ x4 #b4 ,cutt+4 ,! play]s :o %all =m ! table1 & _! positions at ! beg9n+ ( ! game may be decid$ by draw+ f an outspread pack1 or by ?r[+ r\nd a c>d to ea* c&idate1 face up4 ,if !re are eight or m c&idates1 ! tables %all divide ev5ly if ! numb] is ev51 ^? cutt+ ! highe/ c>ds play+ toge!r4 ,if ! numb] is odd1 ! small] table %all be =m$ by ^? cutt+ ! highe/ c>ds4 ,9 cutt+1 ! ace is l[4 ,any play] expos+ m ?an "o c>d mu/ cut aga94 #c4 ,! table =m$1 ! play]s draw f ! outspread pack = positions4 ,! l[e/ cut has ! fir/ *oice1 & deals ! fir/ h&4 ,! play] cutt+ ! next l[e/ has ! next *oice1 & s on until all are seat$4 #d4 ,ties4 ,if play]s cut c>ds ( equal value !y mu/ cut aga92 b ! new cut decides no?+ b ! tie4 #e4 ,/akes4 ,any play] may be ! bank]1 & keep ! kitty1 if any4 ,9 ,draw1 ,/raight1 or ,/ud ,pok]1 ea* play] may pur*ase z _m c\nt]s z he pleases4 ,9 ,freeze-out1 ,table ,/akes1 ,:iskey ,pok]1 & ,progressive ,pok]1 ea* play] mu/ beg9 ) an equal am\nt4 #f4 ,bett+ ,limits4 ,be=e play beg9s limits mu/ be agre$ ^u = ! am\nt ( ! bl9d1 ! /raddle1 ! ante 9 jack pots1 & = bett+ or rais+4 #g4 ,%uffl+4 ,be=e ! fir/ deal ! pack mu/ be c\nt$ to see t x conta9s ! prop] numb] ( c>ds4 ,%\ld ! fir/ deal] neglect ?is he =feits five c\nt]s to ! pool4 ,be=e ea* deal ! c>ds mu/ be %uffl$4 ,any play] may %uffle1 ! deal] la/4 #h4 ,cutt+ to ! ,deal]4 ,! deal] mu/ pres5t ! pack to ! pone1 ! play] on 8 "r1 to be cut4 ,! pone may ei!r cut1 or signify t he does n wi% to d s1 by tapp+ ! pack ) 8 knuckles4 ,%\ld ! pone decl9e to cut1 no o!r play] c insi/ on 8 do+ s1 nor d x = him4 ,if he cuts1 he mu/ leave at lea/ f\r c>ds 9 ea* packet1 & ! deal] or ! pone mu/ reunite ! packets by plac+ ! "o n remov$ 9 cutt+ ^u ! o!r4 #i4 ,if 9 cutt+1 or 9 reunit+ ! packets1 a c>d is expos$1 ! pack mu/ be re%uffl$ & cut4 #aj4 ,if ! deal] re%uffles ! pack aft] x has be5 prop]ly cut1 he =feits five c\nt]s to ! curr5t pool4 #aa4 ,deal+ ,be=e ! ,draw4 ,aft] ! age1 ! play] on ! deal]'s left1 has put up ! am\nt ( ! bl9d1 ! deal] di/ributes ! c>ds face d[n1 "o at a "t1 9 rotation1 until ea* play] has receiv$ five c>ds4 #ab4 ,! deal passes to ! left1 except 9 jack pots1 :5 x may be agre$ t ! same deal] %all deal until ! pot is op5$4 #ac4 ,misdeal+4 ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal2 ! same deal] mu/ deal aga94 ,x is a misdeal3 ,if ! deal] fails to pres5t ! pack to ! pone2 or if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack2 or if ! pack is f\nd imp]fect2 or if ! deal] gives six or m c>ds to m ?an "o play]2 or if he deals m or few] h&s ?an !re are play]s2 or if he omits a play] 9 deal+2 or if he deals a c>d incorrectly1 & fails to correct ! error be=e deal+ ano!r4 #ad4 ,irregul>ities 9 ! ,h&s4 ,%\ld ! deal]1 or ! w9d1 turn ov] any c>d1 ! play] to :om x is dealt mu/ take x2 b ! same play] _c be compell$ to take two expos$ c>ds4 ,%\ld su* a comb9ation occur !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if ! play] exposes c>ds himself1 he has no rem$y4 #ae4 ,%\ld any play] receive m or less ?an 8 prop] numb] ( c>ds1 & discov] ! error be=e he looks at any c>d 9 8 h&1 or lifts x f ! table1 he may dem& a new deal if no bet has be5 made2 or he may ask ! deal] to give him ano!r c>d f ! pack if he has too few1 or to draw a c>d if he has too _m4 ,c>ds s drawn mu/ n be expos$1 b %\ld be plac$ on ! top ( ! pack4 ,if a bet has be5 made1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,%\ld ! play] take up 8 h&1 or look at any c>d 9 x1 he has no rem$y4 #af4 ,%\ld a play] take up a h& conta9+ m or less ?an five c>ds1 or look at any c>d 9 x1 su* a h& is f\l1 & he mu/ ab&on x1 =feit+ any int]e/ he may h 9 t pool4 ,if "o play] has six c>ds & 8 neighb\r f\r1 nei!r hav+ lift$ or look$ at any c>d1 ! deal] may be call$ ^u to draw a c>d f ! six h& & give x to ! f\r h&4 #ag4 ,/raddl+4 ,dur+ ! deal1 or at any "t be=e he looks at any c>d 9 8 h&1 ! play] to ! left ( ! age may /raddle ! bl9d by putt+ up d\ble ! am\nt put up by ! age4 ,%\ld he /raddle1 ! play] on 8 left may d\ble ! am\nt aga91 provid$ he has n se5 any ( 8 c>ds2 & s on1 until ! limit ( ! /raddl+ is rea*$4 ,?is limit mu/ n exce$ "o-f\r? ( ! bett+ limit4 ,%\ld any play] 9 8 turn refuse to /raddle1 no o!r play] on 8 left c /raddle4 #ah4 ,! ,ante4 ,aft] ! c>ds are dealt1 ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! "o to ! left ( ! age1 or to ! left ( ! la/ /raddl]1 if any1 mu/ ei!r ab&on 8 h& or put into ! pool twice ! am\nt ( ! bl9d1 or ( ! la/ /raddle4 ,:5 x comes to ! turn ( ! age1 & ! /raddl]s1 if any1 !y mu/ ei!r ab&on _! h&s1 or make ! am\nt !y h 9 ! pool equal to twice ! am\nt ( ! bl9d1 or ( ! la/ /raddle1 if any4 #ai4 ,rais+ ! ,ante4 ,ea* play]1 :5 x is 8 turn to come 91 may add to ! am\nt ( ! ante any sum )9 ! bett+ limit4 ,?is w compel any play] com+ 9 aft] him to equal ! total ( ! ante & ! raise1 or to ab&on 8 h&2 & x w also give su* foll[+ play] ! privilege ( rais+ aga9 by any fur!r am\nt )9 ! bett+ limit4 ,%\ld any play] decl9e to equal ! am\nt put up by any previ\s play]1 he mu/ ab&on 8 h&1 toge!r ) all 8 int]e/ 9 t pool4 ,any play] :o has be5 rais$ 9 ?is mann] may raise aga9 9 8 turn2 & n until ea* play] hold+ c>ds has ant$ an equal am\nt w ! game proce$4 #bj4 ,w9n+ ! ,antes4 ,%\ld any play] h put up an am\nt :i* no o!r play] w equal1 he takes :atev] c\nt]s are !n 9 ! pool1 )\t %[+ 8 h&1 & ! deal passes to ! next play] on ! deal]'s left4 ,%\ld only "o play] come 91 & ! age decl9e to make good 8 ante1 ! play] :o has come 9 w9s ! bl9d1 unless jack pots are play$4 ,%\ld any play] h /raddl$ ! bl9d1 or rais$ ! ante1 !re c be no jack pot4 #ba4 ,mak+ ,jacks4 ,if no play] w come 91 x is a ,natural ,jack1 & all ! h&s mu/ be ab&on$1 ea* play] putt+ up = ! ensu+ deal ! am\nt agre$ ^u4 ,if no "o has /raddl$ ! bl9d1 or rais$ ! ante1 & only "o play] has come 91 ! age may d "o ( f\r ?+s3 ,he may =feit 8 bl9d2 or he may make ! ante good2 or he may raise x2 or he may dem& t ! s+le play] :o has come 9 %all take d[n 8 ante1 ! age putt+ up twice ! am\nt agre$ ^u = jack pots2 once = himself1 & once = ! play] :o came 94 ,all ! o!r play]s mu/ !n put up = ! ensu+ deal4 ,?is is an ,only-,two-,9 ,jack4 #bb4 ,draw+ ,c>ds4 ,:5 two or m play]s h come 9 = an equal am\nt1 ! o!rs hav+ ab&on$ _! h&s1 ea* ( !m 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! "o on ! deal]'s left1 may disc>d any or all ( ! c>ds orig9ally dealt him1 & draw o!rs 9 _! place4 ,! numb] disc>d$ & drawn1 if any1 mu/ be di/9ctly ann\nc$ by ea* play]1 includ+ ! deal]2 & ! fre% c>ds mu/ be giv5 face d[n f ! top ( ! pack1 )\t any fur!r %uffl+ or cutt+4 ,ea* play] mu/ receive ! entire numb] he asks = be=e ! next play] is help$4 ,no play] %all receive f ! deal] m or few] ?an he disc>ds2 s t if he is play+ ) a %ort h&1 su* z f\r c>ds only1 he w /ill h f\r c>ds aft] ! draw2 & if 8 h& 0 orig9ally f\l1 x w s rema94 #bc4 ,expos$ ,c>ds4 ,9 deal+ = ! draw1 %\ld any c>d be f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 or %\ld any c>d be expos$ by ! deal] 9 giv+ out ! c>ds1 or be bl[n ov] by ! w9d be=e ! play] has t\*$ x1 su* c>ds mu/ be plac$ on ! table ) ! disc>ds4 ,! play] ^: c>d has be5 expos$ does n receive ano!r 9 its place until all ! o!r play]s1 includ+ ! deal]1 h be5 help$4 #bd4 ,incorrect ,draws4 ,%\ld any play] ask = an incorrect numb] ( c>ds1 he mu/ take !m2 unless he discov]s ! error be=e ! next play] has be5 help$4 ,if too _m h be5 ask$ =1 he mu/ disc>d be=e see+ !m4 ,if too few1 & he lifts any ( !m1 he holds a f\l h&4 ,no play] is all[$ to take back into 8 h& any c>d t has once be5 disc>d$4 ,if he has tak5 up ! c>ds1 or has se5 any ( !m1 & has too _m1 8 h& is f\l1 & mu/ be ab&on$4 ,if ! deal] gives himself m c>ds ?an he ne$s1 he mu/ take !m2 b if less1 he c supply ! defici5cy1 provid$ he has n look$ at any ( ! drawn c>ds4 #be4 ,incorrect ,deal+4 ,%\ld ! deal] give any play] m or few] c>ds ?an he asks =1 & ! play] discov] ! error be=e tak+ !m up or see+ any ( !m1 ! deal] mu/ )draw ! surplus c>d1 & place x on ! top ( ! pack4 ,%\ld ! deal] give a play] few] c>ds ?an he asks =1 he mu/ supply ! defici5cy :5 8 att5tion is call$ to x1 )\t wait+ to supply ! o!r play]s4 ,%\ld ! deal] give c>ds to any play] out ( 8 prop] turn1 he may correct ! error if none ( ! c>ds h be5 se52 n o!rwise4 #bf4 ,! ,la/ ,c>d ( ! pack mu/ n be dealt4 ,:5 only two c>ds rema91 & m ?an "o is ask$ =1 !y mu/ be mix$ ) ! disc>ds & ab&on$ h&s1 & ! :ole %uffl$ toge!r1 & pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut4 ,disc>ds ( ^? :o h yet to draw mu/ n be ga!r$4 #bg4 ,aft] ! c>ds h be5 deliv]$ by ! deal]1 no play] has ! "r to be in=m$ h[ _m c>ds any play] drew2 & any p]son1 by/&] or play]1 volunte]+ ! in=mation1 except ! play] himself1 may be call$ ^u to pay to ! play] aga9/ :om he in=ms an am\nt equal to t !n 9 ! pool4 ,any play] :o has made good ! ante & drawn c>ds may1 be=e mak+ a bet1 ask h[ _m c>ds ! deal] drew1 & ! deal] mu/ in=m him4 #bh4 ,bett+ ,aft] ! ,draw4 ,! fir/ play] :o holds c>ds on ! left ( ! age mu/ make ! fir/ bet1 :e!r he has /raddl$ or n4 ,if he decl9es to bet he mu/ ab&on 8 h&4 ,! fact t ! age is n play+ makes no diff]5ce1 z 8 privilege _c be transf]r$ to any o!r play]4 ,bets may v>y 9 am\nt f "o c\nt] to ! bett+ limit4 ,if no play] w bet1 ! age takes ! pool )\t %[+ 8 h&2 or1 if he has pass$ out be=e ! draw1 ! la/ play] on 8 "r :o holds c>ds w9s ! pool4 #bi4 ,rais+ ! ,bets4 ,%\ld any play] make a bet1 ea* play] 9 turn on 8 left mu/ ei!r bet an equal am\nt or ab&on 8 h&4 ,%\ld any play] bet an equal am\nt1 he has ! privilege ( increas+ ! bet to any fur!r sum )9 ! bett+ limit4 ,! play]s on 8 left mu/ !n ei!r meet ! total am\nt ( ! orig9al bet & ! raise1 or ab&on _! h&s4 ,any play] meet+ ! am\nt already bet has ! privilege ( increas+ x to any fur!r am\nt )9 ! limit1 & s on1 until no fur!r raises take place4 ,any play] ^: bet has be5 rais$ mu/ ab&on 8 h& or meet ! raise1 ) ! privilege ( rais+ aga9 9 return4 ,%\ld "o play] make a bet or raise :i* no o!r play] w see1 he takes ! pool )\t %[+ 8 h&1 & ! c>ds are %uffl$ & cut = ! next deal4 #cj4 ,call+ ! ,bets4 ,z long z "o play] raises ano!r's bets1 he gives t play] ! privilege ( rais+ him aga92 b if a play] :o has made a bet is n rais$1 ! o!rs simply bett+ an equal am\nt1 ! fir/ bettor is call$1 & all bett+ mu/ cease4 ,! play]s mu/ !n %[ _! h&s to ! table1 9 ord] to decide :i* w9s ! pool4 #ca4 ,bets mu/ be actually made by plac+ ! c\nt]s 9 ! pool1 & no bet is made until ! play]'s h& has be5 )drawn f ! c\nt]s4 ,any c\nt]s once plac$ 9 ! pool1 & ! own]'s h& )drawn1 _c be tak5 d[n aga91 except by ! w9n] ( ! pool4 #cb4 ,bett+ ,out ( ,turn4 ,%\ld any play] bet out ( 8 turn1 he _c take d[n 8 c\nt]s aga9 if he has remov$ 8 h& f !m4 ,%\ld ! play] ^: prop] turn x 0 raise ! bet1 ! play] :o bet out ( turn mu/ ei!r meet ! raise or ab&on 8 h&1 & all int]e/ 9 t pool4 #cc4 ,m\? ,bets4 ,any play] /at+ t he bets a c]ta9 am\nt1 b fail+ to put up ! actual c\nt]s 9 ! pool1 _c be call$ ^u to make ! am\nt good aft] ! h&s are %[n1 or ! pool is won4 ,if ! play]s oppos$ to him *oose to accept a m\? bet aga9/ ! c\nt]s !y h already put up1 !y h no rem$y1 z no value is atta*$ to :at a play] says2 8 c>ds & 8 c\nt]s speak = !mselves4 ,any play] wi%+ to raise a m\? bet has ! privilege ( rais+ by m\?1 in/ead ( by c\nt]s2 b he _c be call$ ^u to make ! am\nt good aft] ! h&s are %[n1 or ! pool has be5 won4 #cd4 ,%[+ ,h&s4 ,:5 a call is made1 all ! h&s mu/ be %[n to ! table1 & ! be/ pok] h& w9s ! pool4 ,any play] decl9+ to %[ 8 h&1 ev5 ?\gh he admits t x is n good1 mu/ pay an am\nt equal to ! ante to ea* ( ! play]s at ! table2 or1 if jack pots are play$1 he mu/ put up = all ( !m 9 ! next jack pot4 ,:5 ! h&s are call$1 !re is no p5alty = mis-call+ a h&2 ! c>ds1 l ! c\nt]s1 speak = !mselves4 #ce4 ,rank ( ! ,h&s4 ,! be/ pok] h& is a ,royal ,flu%2 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj ( ! same suit1 :i* beats a ,/raight ,flu%2 any sequ5ce ( five c>ds ( ! same suit4 ,f\r ( a ,k9d2 su* z f\r #aj's & an odd c>d4 ,full ,h&2 ?ree ( a k9d & a pair1 su* z ?ree #h's & a pair ( ,q's1 :i* beats a ,flu%2 five c>ds ( ! same suit1 b n 9 sequ5ce4 ,/raight2 five c>ds 9 sequ5ce1 b ( v>i\s suits4 ,9 /raights1 ! ,ace _c be us$ to =m su* comb9ations z ,q ,k ,a #b #c2 b x may be us$ z ! bottom ( #e #d #c #b1 or ! top ( #aj ,j ,q ,k4 ,/raights beat ,?ree ( a ,k9d2 su* z ?ree ,k's & two odd c>ds4 ,two ,pairs2 su* z two #i's & two #g's1 ) an odd c>d4 ,a ,pair2 su* z two ,aces & ?ree odd c>ds4 ,if no pair is %[n1 ! ,highe/ ,c>d w9s4 ,a %ort h&1 su* z f\r c>ds1 _c be claim$ z ei!r a /raight or a flu%4 #cf4 ,ties4 ,9 case ( ties1 ! highe/ ( ! odd c>ds decides x4 ,ultimate ties mu/ divide ! pool4 ,:5 comb9ations ( equal rank are %[n1 ! "o conta9+ ! highe/ c>ds w9s1 ! rank ( ! c>ds be+1 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b2 s t two pairs1 ,k's & #d's1 w beat two pairs1 ,q's & ,j's4 ,?ree #e's & a pair ( #b's1 w beat ?ree #d's & a pair ( aces4 ,,jack ,,pot ,,laws4 #cg4 ,! ,antes4 ,!re is nei!r age nor /raddle 9 jack pots4 ,e "o at ! table mu/ ante an equal am\nt4 ,any play] may decl9e to ante1 by say+3 8,i pass ?is jack20 & ! deal] w give him no c>ds4 #ch4 ,op5+4 ,aft] ! c>ds are dealt1 ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 may op5 ! pot = any am\nt he pleases )9 ! bett+ limit1 provid$ he holds a pair ( ,jacks1 or "s h& bett] ?an a pair ( ,jacks4 ,if he does n hold op5]s1 or does n wi% to op5 ! pot ) !m1 he mu/ say3 8,i pass20 b mu/ n ab&on 8 h&1 "u p5alty ( pay+ five c\nt]s to ! pool4 #ci4 ,false ,op5]s4 ,%\ld a play] op5 a jack )\t ! h& to ju/ify x1 & discov] 8 error be=e he draws1 8 h& is f\l1 & he =feits :atev] am\nt he may h already plac$ 9 ! pool4 ,^? :o h come into ! pool aft] ! false op5+1 /ay 9 & play = ! pot1 reg>dless ( ! value ( ! h&s dealt !m4 #dj4 ,fatt5+4 ,if no play] w op51 ! c>ds are re%uffl$1 cut1 & dealt1 usually by ! same deal]1 & ea* play] adds "o c\nt] to ! pool4 #da4 ,com+ ,94 ,if any play] op5s ! pot = a c]ta9 am\nt1 ea* play] 9 turn1 on 8 left1 c come 9 by putt+ up a simil> am\nt1 reg>dless ( ! value ( 8 h&4 ,any play] on ! "r ( ! op5] :o pass$ on ! fir/ r\nd may n[ come 94 ,any play] decl9+ to put up ! am\nt = :i* ! pot is op5$ mu/ ab&on 8 h&1 & all 8 int]e/ 9 ! pool4 #db4 ,rais+ ! ,op5]4 ,any play] com+ into ! pool has ! privilege ( rais+ ! orig9al op5] any am\nt )9 ! bett+ limit1 & he may 9 turn be rais$ aga91 j z 9 ! ord9>y pools4 ,%\ld ! op5] decl9e to meet su* a raise1 he mu/ %[ 8 entire h& be=e ab&on+ x4 ,if he decl9es to d s1 he mu/ pay ! antes = all ! o!r play]s = ano!r jack4 ,x is n en\gh to %[ op5]s be=e ! draw1 ! :ole h& mu/ be %[n4 #dc4 ,draw+ ,c>ds4 ,ea* play] 9 turn :o has come 91 beg9n+ on ! left ( ! deal]1 may disc>d & draw1 to improve 8 h&4 ,! op5] is all[$ to split 8 op5]s1 provid$ x is ! rule ( ! game t ! op5] %all always put 8 disc>d "u ! *ips 9 ! pool1 :e!r he is go+ to split or n4 ,! op5]'s disc>d mu/ nev] be ga!r$ 9 ) o!r disc>ds :5 ! pack runs %ort = ! draw4 #dd4 ,false ,h&s4 ,if a false op5] does n discov] 8 mi/ake until aft] he has drawn c>ds1 8 h& is f\l1 & mu/ be ab&on$4 ,z a p5alty he mu/ put up an ante = ea* ( ! o!r play]s at ! table = ano!r ,jack4 #de4 ,bett+ ! ,h&s4 ,! op5] makes ! fir/ bet2 or1 if he has )drawn1 ! play] next on 8 left4 ,%\ld ! op5] decl9e to bet aft] ! draw1 he mu/ %[ 8 op5]s be=e ab&on+ 8 h&4 ,he ne$ n %[ ! c>ds he has drawn4 ,if no bet is made1 ! la/ play] hold+ c>ds takes ! pool )\t %[+ 8 h&4 ,if a bet is made1 ! game proce$s z 9 ! ord9>y pools4 ,%\ld ! op5] retire dur+ ! bett+1 he mu/ %[ 8 op5]s2 if he is 9 ! f9al call he mu/ %[ 8 entire h&1 :e!r x is ! be/ or n4 ,if he or any o!r play] decl9es to %[ 8 h& :5 a call is made1 he mu/ ante = all ! o!r play]s = ano!r jack4 #df4 ,%y ,bets4 ,if any play] is %y 9 a jack pot1 :e!r f failure to put up 8 ante1 to fatt51 or to sub/antiate 8 m\? bets ) c\nt]s1 no?+ c be collect$ f him aft] a call has be5 made1 or ! pot has be5 won4 ,,/raight ,,pok]4 ,/raight ,pok] or ,bluff is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 & any numb] ( play]s f "o to eight4 ,! arrangem5ts = c\nt]s1 seats1 & deal are exactly ! same z 9 ,draw ,pok]1 b ! me?od ( ante+ & bett+ up ! h&s is slightly diff]5t4 ,!re is no draw to improve ! h&1 & no su* comb9ation z a /raight flu% is recogniz$1 f\r ( a k9d be+ ! highe/ h& possible4 ,! ante & bett+ limit mu/ be decid$ be=e play beg9s4 ,! fir/ deal] is provid$ ) a buck1 :i* %\ld be a p5knife1 or "s simil> article4 ,be=e deal+1 he puts up ! am\nt ( ! ante = all ! play]s1 & !n passes ! buck to ! play] on 8 left1 :o mu/ ante = all ! play]s 9 ! next pool4 ,!re is no v>iation ( ! am\nt ( ! ante "u any circum/ances1 & ! buck is pass$ r\nd ! table 9 ?is mann] irrespective ( ! deal1 :i* is tak5 by ! play] w9n+ ! pool4 ,! laws = ! deal & its irregul>ities are ! same z 9 ,draw ,pok]1 except t x does n pass to ! left4 ,! c>ds dealt1 ea* 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! play] to ! left ( ! deal]1 may ei!r bet or pass4 ,%\ld all pass1 ! hold] ( ! buck antes1 mak+ a d\ble pool1 & passes ! buck4 ,! deal !n passes to ! left4 ,%\ld any play] make a bet1 ea* 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! "o on 8 left1 mu/ call x1 raise x1 or ab&on 8 h&4 ,play]s :o h pass$ ! fir/ "t1 mu/ n[ decide4 ,! rules = see+1 rais+1 call+1 & %[+ h&s are precisely ! same z at ,draw ,pok]4 ,ow+ to ! abs5ce ( ! draw1 !re is no clue to ! /r5g? ( an oppon5t's h&1 except 8 mann]1 & ! am\nt ( 8 bet4 ,! h&s %[n are mu* weak] ?an ! av]age ( ^? at ,draw ,pok]1 be+ ab\t equal to h&s t a play] 9 t game w\ld come 9 on4 ,triplets are v /rong at ,/raight ,pok]1 & two pairs w w9 ?ree out ( f\r pools 9 a five-h&$ game4 ,! great elem5t ( success is bluff4 ,,/ud ,,pok]4 ,! arrangem5ts = ! c>ds1 seats1 antes1 buck1 etc41 are precisely z at ,/raight ,pok]2 b 9 deal+1 only ! fir/ c>d is dealt face d[n1 ! rema9+ f\r be+ turn$ up by ! deal] z he gives !m out4 ,ea* play] 9 turn !n looks at 8 d[n c>d1 & ! bett+ proce$s z 9 ,/raight ,pok]1 ea* play] hav+ ! privilege ( pass+ once be=e a bet is made4 ,a mu* m popul> me?od is to /op ! deal at two c>ds1 ea* play] hav+ receiv$ "o face d[n1 & ano!r face up4 ,! be/ c>d %[+ !n makes ! fir/ bet1 & ea* play] 9 turn mu/ meet x1 raise x1 or pass out ( t pool4 ,if no "o w call1 ! play] mak+ ! bet takes ! pool1 & ! next deal4 ,if a bet is made & call$1 ^? 9 ! call d n %[ _! d[n c>ds1 b are ea* giv5 ano!r c>d1 face up1 & ! same bett+ process is gone ?r\gh1 ! be/ h& %[+ face up mak+ ! fir/ bet 9 ea* r\nd4 ,z long z two or m play]s rema9 9 ! pool !y are giv5 m c>ds until !y h five4 ,!n ! f9al bett+ is done1 & if a call is made1 ! d[n c>ds are %[n1 & ! be/ pok] h& w9s ! pool4 ,/raight flu%es d n c\nt4 ,,:iskey ,,pok]4 ,! arrangem5ts = ! c>ds1 seats1 etc41 are ! same z 9 ,draw ,pok]4 ,ea* play] is provid$ ) an equal numb] ( :ite c\nt]s1 :i* may h a value atta*$ to !m1 or :i* may simply repres5t m>k]s4 ,if ! c\nt]s repres5t money1 ea* play] %\ld h at lea/ tw5ty2 if !y are only m>k]s1 five is ! usual numb]4 ,if ! game is play$ = money1 ea* play] puts "o c\nt] 9 ! pool be=e ! c>ds are dealt4 ,!re is no rais+ or bett+ ( any k9d4 ,an extra h&1 call$ ! wid[1 is dealt face d[n at ,:iskey ,pok]4 ,! deal] gives ea* play] & ! wid[ five c>ds1 "o at a "t1 beg9n+ on 8 left1 & deal+ to ! wid[ j be=e he deals to himself4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! age1 !n exam9es 8 h&1 & has ! option ( ex*ang+ x = ! wid[2 keep+ x = ! purpose ( draw+ to x2 or risk+ 8 *ances ( w9n+ ! pool ) x z x is4 ,if he wi%es to ex*ange1 he mu/ place 8 five c>ds face upw>d on ! table1 & take up ! wid[1 b )\t %[+ x to any o!r play]4 ,! h& he ab&ons !n becomes ! wid[4 ,if he pref]s to draw to 8 h&1 he says3 8,i pass10 :i* transf]s to ! next play] ! option ( tak+ ! wid[4 ,if he wi%es to /& on ! m]its ( ! h& dealt to him1 )\t draw+ to x1 he knocks on ! table1 :i* also passes ! option ( tak+ ! wid[ to ! next play] on 8 left4 ,if any play] takes ! wid[1 ! next play] on 8 left c d any "o ( ?ree ?+s3 ,he may disc>d f 8 own h& any c>d he pleases1 tak+ "o f ! wid[ 9 its /ead2 ! c>d :i* he disc>ds be+ plac$ on ! table face upw>d1 & becom+ "p ( ! wid[2 or he may ex*ange 8 entire h& = ! wid[2 or he may /& on ! h& dealt him1 & knock4 ,:e!r he draws "o c>d1 ex*anges 8 entire h&1 or knocks1 ! next play] on 8 left has ! option ( draw+1 ex*ang+1 or knock+2 & s on1 until "s play] does knock4 ,%\ld no play] take ! wid[ until x comes to ! deal]'s turn1 he mu/ ei!r take x1 or turn x face upw>d on ! table4 ,ev5 if ! deal] knocks1 he mu/ turn up ! wid[1 & all[ ea* play] an opportunity to draw f x1 or to ex*ange 8 entire h& = x4 ,:5 a play] knocks1 he signifies t no matt] :at ! play]s foll[+ him may d1 :5 x comes to 8 turn aga9 ! h&s mu/ be %[n4 ,a play] _c draw & knock at ! same "t2 b a play] c refuse to draw or ex*ange aft] ano!r play] has knock$1 n be=e4 ,9 "s localities x is ! rule to turn ! wid[ face up at once if any play] knocks be=e x is tak52 all[+ all ^? aft] ! knock an opportunity to draw or ex*ange2 b ?is is n ! usual cu/om4 ,suppose five play4 ,e deals1 & ,a passes2 ,b takes ! wid[2 ,c & ,d draw f ,b's ab&on$ h&1 & ,e knocks2 )\t draw+1 ( c\rse4 ,a1 :o pass$ ! fir/ "t1 n[ has an opportunity to draw or ex*ange4 ,s h ea* ( ! o!rs 9 turn1 up to ,d2 b aft] ,d draws or ex*anges1 ! h&s mu/ be %[n1 because ! next play]1 ,e1 has knock$4 ,:5 ! h&s are %[n1 !re are two ways to settle3 ,if ! c\nt]s h a money value1 ! be/ pok] h& w9s ! pool1 & ! deal passes to ! left4 ,if ! c\nt]s h no money value1 !re is no pool2 b ! play] :o has ! wor/ h& %[n puts "o ( 8 c\nt]s 9 ! middle ( ! table4 ,?is cont9ues until "s play] has lo/ all five ( 8 c\nt]s1 & he is !n call$ ^u to pay = ! :iskey1 or :atev] refre%m5ts may be at /ake ^u ! game4 ,h5ce ! "n3 ,:iskey ,pok]4 ,,?irty-,,"o4 ,?is game is sometimes call$ ,s*nautz4 ,a pool is made up by any numb] ( play]s4 ,! deal] takes a pack ( fifty-two c>ds & gives ?ree to ea*1 face d[n1 & ?ree extra c>ds to ! table1 dealt face up4 ,ea* play] 9 turn to ! left c ex*ange "o ( 8 own c>ds = "o ( ^? on ! table1 ! object be+ to get a flu% ( ?ree c>ds ( "s suit hav+ a pip value ( ?irty-"o2 or else to get ?ree ( a k9d4 ,! aces are wor? #aa1 ! o!r c\rt c>ds & ! t51 #aj ea*4 ,if no "o c get a flu% wor? ?irty-"o1 ?ree ( a k9d w9s ! pool4 ,if no "o has ?ree ( a k9d1 ! highe/ pip value %[n 9 "o suit w9s4 ,draw+ is kept up until "s play] knocks1 aft] :i* only "o m draw is all[$1 ! knock] n be+ all[$ to draw aga94 ,a play] c knock )\t draw+ at all if he wi%es to prev5t ! o!rs f beat+ 8 orig9al h&4 ,,progressive ,,pok]4 ,!re are sev]al ways to play ,progressive ,pok]1 b ! description ( "o w suffice4 ,! simple/ me?od ( arrang+ ! play]s is to take two packs ( c>ds1 "o r$ & "o blue1 & to select two aces f ea* = ! f\r positions at ! head table2 ?ree deuces1 treys1 etc41 = ! six positions at ea* ( ! o!r tables until ! la/ or booby table is rea*$1 at :i* !re mu/ be only f\r play]s at />t+4 ,if !re are n en\gh play]s to make exactly six at ea* ( ! int]m$iate tables1 ! numb]s may be v>i$ f f\r to sev51 c>ds be+ select$ to agree ) ! numb] requir$2 b ! head & booby tables mu/ />t ) f\r only4 ,! c>ds ?us select$ are !n ?or\ghly %uffl$1 & pres5t$ face d[nw>d to ! ladies to draw f4 ,ea* lady takes a r$-back$ c>d1 ! g5tlem5 draw+ ! blue c>ds only4 ,! numb] ( pips on ! c>d drawn w indicate to ea* p]son ! table at :i* !y are to sit4 ,%\ld ! numb] ( m5 & wom5 n be equal1 "s ( ! m5 mu/ repres5t wom5 or vice v]sa4 ,ea* play] is provid$ at />t+ ) a c]ta9 numb] ( c\nt]s1 usually fifty4 ,! head table is suppli$ ) a box ( c\nt]s diff]+ 9 col\r f any ( ^? us$ by ! play]s1 & also ) a bell4 ,! *oice ( seats1 deal1 etc41 is decid$ at ea* table exactly z at ,draw ,pok]4 ,"o deal is made at ea* table1 ord9>y ,draw ,pok] is play$1 & :5 ! pool is decid$ at ! head table ! bell is /ruck4 ,?is is ! signal = ! w9n] ( ! pool at ea* ( ! o!r tables to move up to ! table next above4 ,at ! head table1 ! *ips are c\nt$1 & ! play] ) ! smalle/ numb] 9 8 possession goes d[n to ! booby table1 unless he 0 "o ( ! play]s 9 ! call4 ,%\ld ! play] ) ! smalle/ numb] ( *ips be ! w9n] ( ! pool1 or "o ( ^? :o call$ ! w9n]1 he reta9s 8 seat1 & ! play] ) ! smalle/ numb] ( c\nt]s :o 0 n 9 ! call goes to ! booby table4 ,?is arrangem5t effectually prev5ts play]s at ! head table f wait+ = big h&s4 ,9 case ( ties1 ! play]s cut to decide :i* %all g d[n1 ! l[e/ cut rema9+4 ,! w9n] ( ea* pool at ! head table is giv5 "o ( ! special *ips provid$ = t purpose1 & :i* are usually yell[1 ! o!rs be+ r$1 :ite1 & blue4 ,any play] los+ all 8 c\nt]s at any table mu/ get a fre% /ake ( fifty m f ! bank]1 & mu/ !n ex*ange seats ) ! play] at ! booby table :o has ! mo/ c\nt]s4 ,?ree or f\r prizes are usually provid$ =3 ,"o = ! play] :o has won ! greate/ numb] ( yell[ *ips at ! head table1 & "o ea* = ! lady & g5tleman w9n+ ! greate/ numb] ( c\nt]s dur+ ! ev5+'s play4 ,^? :o h be5 provid$ ) an extra /ake mu/ be *>g$ ) x :5 settl+ up4 ,9 case ( ties = ! numb] ( yell[ *ips1 ! play] ) ! l>ge/ numb] ( ord9>y c\nt]s w9s4 ,! booby prize1 if any1 is usually giv5 to ! play] ) ! smalle/ numb] ( ord9>y *ips1 or ! fewe/ numb] ( yell[ ones4 ,,brag4 ,!re are two v>ieties ( ?is old ,engli% game2 s+le1 & ?ree-/ake ,brag4 ,bo? are play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds2 ! positions ( ! play]s1 arrangem5ts = c\nt]s1 decision ( ! bett+ limit1 etc41 be+ ! same z 9 ,draw ,pok]4 ,?ree to twelve play]s may =m a table4 ,!re is a special value atta*$ to ?ree c>ds :i* are kn[n z bragg]s4 ,^! aga9 h a rank ( _! own2 ! be/ be+ ! ace ( diamonds2 !n ! ,jack ( clubs1 & !n ! n9e ( diamonds4 ,all o!r c>ds rank z 9 ,pok]4 ,a play] to :om any "o ( ^! bragg]s is dealt may call x any?+ he pleases4 ,if he has a pair ( n9es & a bragg]1 or a n9e & two bragg]s1 he may call !m ?ree n9es1 & bet on !m z su*4 ,9 ?is respect bragg]s resemble mi/igris1 already describ$ 9 connection ) ,draw ,pok]2 b 9 ,brag a natural pair or triplet outranks "o made ) ! aid ( a bragg]4 ,?ree eights w beat an eight & two bragg]s4 ,! deal] mu/ put up an ante be=e ! c>ds are cut4 ,?is ante may be any am\nt he pleases )9 ! bett+ limit4 ,no play] c /raddle or raise ?is ante until ! c>ds are dealt4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left ! deal] di/ributes ! c>ds face d[n1 & "o at a "t1 until ea* play] has receiv$ ?ree4 ,beg9n+ ) ! age1 elde/ h&1 ea* play] 9 turn mu/ put up an am\nt equal to ! deal]'s ante1 or ab&on 8 h&4 ,he may1 if he *ooses1 raise ! ante any fur!r am\nt )9 ! bett+ limit4 ,all ^? foll[+ him mu/ meet ! total sum put up by any individual play]1 increase x1 or pass out4 ,9 ?is respect ,brag is precisely simil> to ! bett+ aft] ! draw at ,pok]4 ,if no "o w see ! deal]'s ante1 he mu/ be paid "o :ite c\nt] by ea* ( ! o!r play]s1 & ! deal passes to ! left4 ,%\ld any play] bet an am\nt :i* no o!r play] w meet1 he takes ! pool )\t %[+ 8 h&4 ,%\ld a call be made1 all ! h&s mu/ be %[n1 & ! be/ brag h& w9s4 ,pairs & triplets are ! only comb9ations ( any value1 & ( c\rse ?ree aces is ! be/ h&2 two aces & ! club ,jack be+ ! next be/4 ,if none ( ! h&s %[n conta9s ei!r a natural pair or a bragg]1 ! highe/ c>d w9s1 ! ace rank+ above ! ,k+4 ,9 case ( equal natural pairs1 ! highe/ c>d outside ! pair w9s4 ,%\ld ! pairs ti$ bo? be made ) a bragg]1 ! highe/ bragg] w9s4 ,two odd c>ds1 sev5 high1 ) ! club ,jack1 w\ld beat two c>ds sev5 high ) ! diamond n9e4 ,?ree ,/ake ,brag4 ,9 ?is v>iation ea* play] puts up ?ree equal am\nts to =m ?ree equal pools4 ,^! am\nts mu/ be inv>iable1 & %\ld be agre$ ^u be=e play beg9s4 ,! deal] !n gives two c>ds to ea* play]1 "o at a "t1 face d[n2 & !n a ?ird c>d to ea*1 face up4 ,! highe/ c>d turn$ up 9 ?is mann] w9s "o ( ! pools1 ! ace be+ ! highe/ & ! deuce ! l[e/4 ,! diamond ace1 be+ a bragg]1 outranks any o!r ace2 ! club ,jack any o!r ,jack2 & ! diamond n9e any o!r n9e4 ,ties are decid$ 9 fav\r ( ! elde/ h&1 or ! play] ne>e/ him on ! left4 ,! play]s !n take up ! o!r two c>ds1 )\t %[+ !m1 & proce$ to brag on _! h&s z 9 s+le /ake ,brag4 ,! w9n] takes ! second pool2 b ^? :o pass out d n ab&on _! h&s until ! ?ird pool is decid$4 ,if no bet is made = ! second pool1 x is won by ! deal]4 ,all h&s are %[n to decide ! la/ pool4 ,ea* play] c\nts up ! pip value ( 8 ?ree c>ds1 reckon+ ! aces = elev51 & c\rt-c>ds z t5 ea*4 ,! play] com+ ne>e/ to ?irty-"o takes ! ?ird pool4 ,ties are decid$ 9 fav\r ( ! elde/ h&1 z be=e4 ,9 "s places a fur!r v>iation is introduc$ by all[+ ! play]s to draw c>ds = ! ?ird pool1 9 ord] to increase ! pip value ( _! h&s4 ,beg9n+ ) ! elde/ h&1 ea* play] 9 turn pays into ! pool a c\nt] = ea* c>d he draws4 ,^! c>ds are giv5 by ! deal] face up1 & "o play] mu/ be giv5 all he ne$s be=e pass+ to ! next4 ,%\ld a play] pass ?irty-"o1 he is out ( ! pool4 ,"s judgm5t is necess>y 9 draw+ 9 ?is mann]1 = all ! h&s are expos$1 & ea* play] kn[s exactly :at he has to beat4 ,9 ,am]ican ,brag1 !re are eight bragg]s2 ! ,jacks & n9es ( ea* suit1 & !y are all ( equal rank :5 us$ z bragg]s4 ,pairs or triplets =m$ ) ! aid ( bragg]s outrank naturals1 s t ?ree ,jacks is an inv9cible h&1 beat+ ?ree aces4 ,two bragg]s & an ace outrank two aces & a bragg]2 b ! absurd "p ( ! arrangem5t is t ?ree ,jacks & ?ree n9es are a tie4 ,! me?od ( play+ diff]s f ,engli% ,brag4 ,if ! play]s simply equal ! deal]'s ante1 no?+ unusual occurs1 & all ! h&s are %[n at once4 ,b if any play] raises1 & ano!r sees ?is raise1 ^! two imm$iately ex*ange h&s1 )\t %[+ !m to ! o!r play]s1 & ! "o :o held ! worse h& retires f t pool1 return+ ! bett] h& to its orig9al hold]1 :o !n awaits a call or raise f ! next play] 9 ord]1 ! entire am\nt /ak$ /ill rema9+ 9 ! pool4 ,?is lose-&-drop-out sy/em is cont9u$ until only "o play] rema9s to dispute ! pool ) ! deal]4 ,if !y come to a call1 bo? h&s are %[n to ! table4 ,if ! bragg] is n call$1 he takes ! pool )\t %[+ 8 h&4 ,,comm]ce4 ,?is old ,engli% game is evid5tly ! =]unn] ( ,:iskey ,pok]4 ,x is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 & ! arrangem5ts = ! seats1 c\nt]s1 etc41 are ! same z at ,draw ,pok]4 ,?ree to twelve play]s may =m a table4 ,!re are two me?ods ( play+ ,comm]ce2 ) & )\t a wid[4 ,we %all take ! old] =m fir/4 ,)\t a ,wid[4 ,! c\nt]s h a money value1 & ea* play] deposits "o 9 ! pool4 ,! deal] !n di/ributes ! c>ds "o at a "t1 face d[n1 until ea* has ?ree4 ,! play]s !n exam9e _! c>ds1 & ea* 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! elde/ h&1 may ex*ange "o c>d4 ,if he trades = ready money1 he gives 8 c>d & "o :ite c\nt] to ! deal]1 & receives ano!r c>d1 face d[n1 f ! top ( ! pack4 ,! disc>d is left on ! table1 & ! c\nt] is ! deal]'s p]quisite4 ,if he trades = b>t]1 he passes 8 disc>d to ! play] on 8 left1 :o mu/ give "o ( 8 own 9 ex*ange be=e look+ at ! "o he is to receive4 ,if ! play] w n ex*ange1 he mu/ knock on ! table1 to signify t he w /& by ! c>ds he has4 ,if he ex*anges1 he takes up ! (f]$ c>d1 & !n has ! privilege ( trad+ = ready money or = b>t] himself4 ,! trad+ goes on 9 ?is way r\nd & r\nd1 until "s play] knocks1 :5 all trad+ is imm$iately /opp$1 & ! h&s are %[n4 ,! be/ h& w9s ! pool1 ! rank ( ! v>i\s comb9ations be+ z foll[s1 beg9n+ ) ! highe/3-- ,triplets4 ,?ree aces be+ ! highe/1 & ?ree deuces ! l[e/4 ,pairs h no value4 ,sequ5ce ,flu%es2 ! ace be+ all[$ to rank z ! top or ! bottom2 ,q ,k ,a1 or ,a #b #c4 ,! ,po9t2 ! greate/ numb] ( pips on two or ?ree c>ds ( ! same suit 9 "o h&1 c\nt+ ! ace = elev51 & ! o!r c\rt-c>ds = t5 ea*4 ,a s+le c>d ( a suit does n c\nt = ! po9t4 ,9 case ( ties1 a po9t made ) ?ree c>ds w beat "o made ) two c>ds4 ,if ! numb] ( c>ds is also a tie1 ! deal]1 or ! play] ne>e/ him on 8 left w9s4 ,if no triplet is %[n1 ! be/ /raight flu% w9s4 ,if !re is no /raight flu%1 ! be/ po9t w9s4 ,! deal passes to ! left1 & a misdeal loses ! deal1 z ! deal is an advantage1 ow+ to ! trade = ready money4 ,if ! deal] does n w9 ! pool1 he mu/ pay "o :ite c\nt] to ! play] :o does4 ,if ! deal] holds a comb9ation ( ! same rank z ! "o t w9s ! pool1 he mu/ pay "o :ite c\nt] to e o!r play] at ! table4 ,= in/ance3 ,no triplet is %[n1 & a /raight flu%1 ,jack high1 w9s ! pool4 ,! deal] has a /raight flu%1 #i high1 & mu/ pay "o c\nt] to e play] at ! table4 ,if ! deal] _h no sequ5ce flu%1 he w\ld pay ! w9n] ( ! pool only4 ,) a ,wid[4 ,?is is almo/ ?ree-c>d ,:iskey ,pok]4 ,ea* play] is provid$ ) ?ree c\nt]s only1 :i* are ( no value1 & ?ree c>ds are dealt to ea* play] & to ! wid[1 face d[n1 & "o at a "t4 ,! wid[ is turn$ face up imm$iately1 & ! deal] has ! fir/ say4 ,be=e he looks at ! c>ds he has dealt to himself1 he may ex*ange 8 :ole h& = ! wid[1 o!rwise ! elde/ h& has ! fir/ draw4 ,no o!r play] may ex*ange 8 :ole h&1 b ea* 9 turn may draw "o c>d until "s play] knocks4 ,! mom5t any play] knocks1 all draw+ mu/ cease1 & ! h&s are %[n at once4 ,triplets1 /raight flu%es1 & po9ts det]m9e ! value ( ! h&s1 z already describ$1 & ! be/ h& takes ! pool4 ,! deal] makes no extra paym5ts1 z he has no p]quisites4 ,! fir/ play] to lose 8 ?ree c\nt]s pays = ! :iskey2 & if two or m are froz5 out at ! same "t1 ! "o ) ! wor/ h& pays4 ,! game is sometimes v>i$ by play+ freeze-out1 a value be+ atta*$ to ! ?ree c\nt]s1 & play]s :o are decav retir+ f ! game until all ! c\nt]s h be5 won by a s+le play]4 ,two o!r comb9ations are sometimes introduc$ 9 ei!r =m ( ,comm]ce3 ,a flu%1 ?ree c>ds ( "o suit1 rank+ next bel[ ! /raight flu%2 & a s+le pair outrank+ ! po9t4 ,ano!r v>iety ( ,comm]ce is v>i\sly kn[n z ,my ,%ip ,sails2 or ,my ,bird ,s+s4 ,! c\nt]s h a money value1 & ?ree are giv5 to ea* play]4 ,?ree c>ds are dealt1 face d[n1 & "o at a "t4 ,!re is no wid[4 ,! elde/ h& may !n ex*ange "o c>d ) ! play] on 8 left1 :o mu/ give 8 c>d be=e see+ ! "o he is to receive4 ,! ex*ange goes r\nd to ! left4 ,! mom5t any play] f9ds himself ) a flu%1 ?ree c>ds ( ! same suit1 reg>dless ( _! value1 :e!r dealt to him1 or made by ex*ange1 he says3 8,my ,%ip ,sails20 & all ex*ange is /opp$1 & ! h&s are %[n4 ,%\ld !re be m ?an "o flu%1 ! pips w91 c\nt+ ace = #aa1 & o!r c\rt-c>ds = #aj ea*4 ,if no play] has secur$ a flu% aft] two r\nds ( ex*anges1 ! h&s are %[n1 & ! highe/ numb] ( pips 9 ! two-c>d flu%es w9s ! pool4 ,! eld] h& w9s ties4 ,,b\illotte1 ,,or ,,brelan4 ,?is is an old & fam\s ,fr5* gambl+ game1 (t5 ref]r$ to 9 /ories ( fa/ life 9 ,european society4 ,x 0 ! rage dur+ & long aft] ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 b has lately _h to %>e public att5tion ) ,bacc>a1 & ev5 ) ,le ,pok] ,amrica94 ,x has _m po9ts 9 common ) ?ree-/ake ,brag1 & is evid5tly desc5d$ f ! same /ock4 ,by _m p]sons ,b\illotte is consid]$ sup]ior to ,pok]1 because x (f]s ! play] _m opportunities to speculate on w9n+ by ! aid ( c>ds t are n 9 8 own h&4 ,c>ds4 ,b\illotte is play$ ) a piquet pack1 r$uc$ to tw5ty c>ds1 only ! ,a ,k ,q #i #h ( ea* suit be+ reta9$4 ,! ace is ! highe/ c>d 9 play & 9 cutt+4 ,if five p]sons play1 ! ,jack ( ea* suit is add$2 if only ?ree play1 ! ,que5s are disc>d$1 r$uc+ ! pack to sixte5 c>ds4 ,two packs are g5]ally us$ alt]nately4 ,c\nt]s or *ips are us$1 z 9 ,pok]1 in/ead ( money4 ,any play] may be ! bank]4 ,play]s4 ,?ree1 f\r1 or five p]sons may play2 b f\r is ! prop] numb]1 & all descriptions ( ! game suppose x to be f\r-h&$4 ,cutt+4 ,to decide ! positions ( ! play]s1 a sequ5ce ( c>ds is sort$ out1 equal 9 numb] ) ! numb] ( play]s4 ,^! c>ds are !n %uffl$1 face d[nw>d1 & ea* play] draws "o4 ,! highe/ ( ! sequ5ce has ! *oice ( positions1 & s on d[n until all are seat$4 ,! play] :o draws ! ,k+ deals ! fir/ h&4 ,/akes4 ,ea* play] pur*ases an equal numb] ( c\nt]s f ! bank]1 usually #ajj4 ,?is orig9al cave _c be add$ to or d$uct$ f4 ,z long z a s+le c\nt] ( x rema9s ! play] mu/ call = a sight1 j z 9 freeze-out or table /akes2 & n until he is decav1 has lo/ ev]y?+1 c he pur*ase ano!r /ake1 ! am\nt ( :i* is usually at 8 own option4 ,bl9d & ,/raddle4 ,be=e ! di/ribution ( ! c>ds1 ! deal] puts up a bl9d1 usually five c\nt]s1 :i* ! play] on 8 "r has ! privilege ( /raddl+4 ,if he /raddles1 he may be /raddl$ aga91 & s on4 ,9 ,b\illotte ! /raddle practically buys f ! deal] ! privileges ( ! age4 ,if x goes r\nd until ! deal] buys x back himself1 ! /raddl+ mu/ !n be /opp$4 ,deal+4 ,z 9 all ,fr5* games1 ! c>ds are cut by ! play] on ! deal]'s left1 & are dealt f "r to left4 ,?ree c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]1 "o at a "t1 face d[n1 & ! ?irte5? is !n turn$ face up on ! pack4 ,?is c>d is call$ ! ret\rne4 ,misdeals4 ,if any c>d is expos$ dur+ ! deal1 ei!r 9 ! pack or 9 giv+ x to a play]1 x is a misdeal2 b ! di/ribution ( ! c>ds is cont9u$ until ea* play] has receiv$ ?ree c>ds1 ! expos$ c>d be+ giv5 out 9 its regul> ord]4 ,if any play] c %[ triplets1 he receives "o :ite c\nt] f ea* ( ! o!r play]s1 & ! h&s are !n ab&on$4 ,if m ?an "o triplet is %[n1 ! inf]ior does n pay ! high]4 ,if no triplet is %[n1 ! c>ds are r$ealt4 ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal4 ,! deal passes to ! "r2 b %\ld ! play] ^: turn x is to deal h lo/ ev]y?+ on ! previ\s deal1 & h j pur*as$ ano!r /ake1 ! deal passes to ! play] beyond him4 ,if a play] )draws f ! table :5 x is 8 turn to deal1 ! deal passes any newcom] :o may take 8 place4 ,bett+4 ,! c>ds dealt1 ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! "o to ! "r ( ! deal]1 or to ! "r ( ! la/ /raddl]1 if any1 c d "o ( ?ree ?+s3 ,equal ! am\nt ( ! ante2 increase x z mu* z he pleases )9 ! limits ( 8 cave2 or pass1 reta9+ 8 c>ds b bett+ no?+4 ,if any play] op5s ! game by mak+ a bet1 ! play] on 8 "r may equal or raise x2 b he _c pass aft] ! game is op5$1 unless he )draws f ! pool4 ,any play] may call = a sight = ! am\nt 9 front ( him1 b t does n prev5t ! o!rs f cont9u+ ! bett+4 ,if no "o w op51 ! deal is void1 & ea* play] puts five c\nt]s 9 ! pool = ! next deal4 ,if a play] op5s1 & no "o w equal or raise him1 he w9s ! antes & /raddles1 if any4 ,if any play] makes a raise :i* no "o w meet1 he takes :atev] is 9 ! pool1 unless a play] has call$ = a sight = a small "p ( x4 ,call+ & ,%[+4 ,if only two play]s bet aga9/ ea* o!r1 ei!r may call ! o!r1 & dem& a %[ ( h&s at any "t2 b if ?ree or f\r are bett+1 ! privilege ( call+ falls ^u ea* 9 turn f "r to left4 ,= in/ance3 ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 & ,d play4 ,d bl9ds five c\nt]s1 & deals4 ,a passes1 & ,b op5s = five r$s4 ,c passes out1 :ile ,d & ,a bo? meet ! bet ( five r$s1 b nei!r w raise x4 ,?is does n call ,b1 :o has ! privilege ( rais+ ! bet if he pleases4 ,suppose he raises1 & ,d & ,a bo? meet x4 ,on ?is second r\nd1 ,c hav+ pass$ out1 x is ,d's turn to say :e!r or n he w raise4 ,on ! next r\nd x w be ,a's turn1 & aft] t x w be ,b's second turn1 & s on4 ,%\ld any play] meet ! bet b refuse to raise1 al?\gh x is 8 turn1 he /ill _c call4 ,if he does n avail himself ( 8 privilege ( rais+1 he mu/ pass ! ^w to ! play] on 8 "r2 t is1 transf] ! privilege to him4 ,if he decl9es1 x is a call2 if he raises1 x goes on until e play] has refus$ to avail himself ( ! privilege4 ,if a play] *ooses to raise )\t wait+ = 8 turn1 ( c\rse he c d s4 ,"o ( ! f9e po9ts 9 ! game is kn[+ :5 to raise ! bet y\rself1 & :5 to pass ! ^w4 ,rank ( ! ,h&s4 ,if a call is made1 ! h&s are %[n1 & ! be/ ,b\illotte h& w9s4 ,!re are only two classes ( h&s recogniz$ 9 ,b\illotte1 ! brelan1 & ! po9t2 b !re are ?ree k9ds ( brelans1 :i* rank 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 ,a ,brelan ,c>r is f\r ( a k9d2 ?ree 9 ! play]'s h&1 & ! f\r? turn$ up on ! pack4 ,if any play] holds a brelan1 ?ree ( a k9d1 ( a high] d5om9ation ?an ! brelan c>r1 ! play] may turn up ! c>d "u ! ret\rne1 & if ?is makes 8 h& a brelan c>r also1 he w9s ! pool4 ,9 addition to w9n+ ! pool1 ! hold] ( a brelan c>r receives f ea* play] f\r :ite c\nt]s4 ,a ,simple ,brelan is ?ree ( a k9d 9 ! play]'s h&1 ?ree aces be+ ! highe/1 & ?ree eights ! l[e/4 ,9 addition to w9n+ ! pool1 ! hold] ( a simple brelan receives "o c\nt] f ea* ( ! o!r play]s at ! table4 ,if two are %[n1 nei!r pays ! o!r4 ,%\ld ! brelan be =m$ by unit+ ! ret\rne ) two c>ds 9 ! play]'s h&1 x is a brelan favori1 & ! hold] ( x receives an extra c\nt] f e play] at ! table1 :e!r he w9s ! pool or n4 ,= in/ance3 ,! ret\rne is an eight2 a brelan ( ,que5s is %[n1 & w9s ! pool4 ,ano!r play] holds a pair ( eights1 & claims brelan favori4 ,he does n pay ! w9n+ brelan1 b receives "o c\nt] f its hold]1 & also f ea* ( ! o!r play]s4 ,if ! brelan favori w9s ! pool1 x is paid two c\nt]s by ea* play]4 ,if two simple brelans are %[n1 ! high] w9s ! pool2 b bo? mu/ be paid by ea* ( ! o!r two play]s1 :o did n hold brelans4 ,! ,po9t4 ,if no brelan is %[n1 ! h&s ( all ! play]s are %[n1 includ+ ^? :o pass$ out dur+ ! bett+4 ,?is w expose ?irte5 c>ds1 includ+ ! ret\rne4 ,! pips 9 ea* suit are !n c\nt$1 ! ace reckon+ = #aa1 c\rt c>ds = #aj ea*1 & ! #i & #h at _! face value4 ,:i*ev] suit has ! greate/ numb] ( pips is call$ ! suit t w9s1 & ! play] :o holds ! highe/ c>d ( x takes ! pool2 provid$1 ( c\rse1 t he 0 "o ( ^? :o back$ 8 h& until ! la/ call4 ,if ! play] :o holds ! be/ c>d ( ! w9n+ suit has dropp$ out dur+ ! bett+1 8 c>ds c\nt = ! play] :o has ! highe/ c>d ( ! suit among ^? :o back$ _! h&s4 ,= in/ance3 ,d deals & turns ! he>t #h4 ,a & ,b h pass$ out1 b ,c has made a bet :i* ,d has call$4 ,nei!r has a brelan1 s all f\r play]s %[ _! c>ds1 & x is f\nd t !y lie ?us3-- ,illu/ration3 ------- ,b ,c ,a ,d ------- ,spades are ! w9n+ suit3 b nei!r ,c nor ,d has a spade1 & z nei!r ,a nor ,b is 9 ! call1 ! spade suit _c w9 any?+4 ,z betwe5 clubs & he>ts1 ,d's po9t is #dj1 & ,c's #ch2 s ,d w9s ! pool4 ,c ( c\rse _h a great advantage 9 bett+1 z he knew f\r he>ts 7 out1 8 own & ! ret\rne2 & all he fe>$ 0 a brelan4 ,a w\ld h won ! pool if he _h back$ 8 h&1 because he w\ld h _h ! highe/ c>d ( ! w9n+ suit4 ,call+ = a ,sight4 ,suppose f\r play]s h ! foll[+ caves 9 front ( !m3 ,a1 #ce2 ,b1 #fj2 ,c1 #abj2 & ,d1 #ahe4 ,d bl9ds five1 deals1 & turns ! he>t #i4 ,a puts up all 8 #ce c\nt]s4 ,b passes out4 ,c raises #ej1 putt+ up #he2 & ,d bets ev]y?+1 #ahj m ?an 8 bl9d4 ,a dem&s a sight = 8 #ce1 & ,c puts up ! rema9d] ( 8 #abj1 & calls a sight = !m4 ,!n ,d )draws 8 sup]flu\s #fe1 & x is a call4 ,no "o has a brelan1 s all ! h&s are %[n1 & ! c>ds lie ?us3-- ,illu/ration3 ------- ,b ,c ,a ,d ------- ,! po9t is exactly ev5 = clubs & spades1 #dj 9 ea*4 ,9 case ( ties1 ! deal]1 or ! play] ne>e/ him on ! "r w9s4 ,9 ?is case ,a w9s on acc\nt ( 8 position1 s clubs is ! w9n+ suit1 & ,a has ! be/ c>d ( x4 ,b he c w9 f ,c & ,d only ! am\nt = :i* he call$ a sight1 i4e4 #ce c\nt]s4 ,he !re=e takes d[n #aje z 8 %>e ( ! pool1 leav+ #agj to be decid$ betwe5 ,c & ,d4 ,n[1 al?\gh ,c has a bett] po9t ?an ,d1 x is "o ( ! pr9ciples ( ! game t ! suit t w9s _c lose at ! same "t2 & z ,d has a c>d ( ! w9n+ suit1 :ile ,c has n1 ,d w9s ! rema9d] ( ! pool4 ,if nei!r ,c nor ,d _h a c>d ( ! w9n+ suit1 ,c w\ld w9 f ,d on acc\nt ( 8 bett] po9t4 ,if we transpos$ ! club ace & spade ace1 spades w\ld be ! w9n+ suit1 because ! eld] h&1 ,a1 _h ! be/ c>d ( x2 b ,c w\ld take ! rema9d] ( ! pool1 because he held a spade1 :ile ,d did n4 ,z x is1 ,c is decav1 & mu/ pur*ase ano!r /ake1 or retire f ! game4 ,if ,c _h lo/ ?is pool ) a brelan 9 8 h&1 he w\ld n be decav2 because aft] los+ ! pool1 & all he _h /ak$ !re91 ,b1 :o _h pass$ out1 w\ld h to pay him = ! brelan1 & ) ?is "o :ite c\nt] he w\ld h to call = a sight 9 ! next pool he ent]$4 ,me?ods ( ,*eat+4 ,z 9 all games 9 :i* w9n+ dep5ds entirely on ! c>ds held1 & n on ! mann] ( play+ !m1 ,b\illotte (f]s _m opportunities to ! greek4 ,! small numb] ( c>ds 9 ! pack1 & ! consequ5t ease ) :i* !y may be h&l$1 enable ev5 ! clumsie/ c>d %>p]s to run up brelan c>rs1 make false %uffles1 & %ift cuts4 ,!re is "o trick1 call$ ! p\ssette1 :i* consi/s 9 surreptiti\sly plac+ m c\nt]s on ! table :5 ! play] f9ds he has a h& wor? back+4 ,m>k$ c>ds1 & packs trimm$ to tap] "o way1 biseauts1 are among ! mo/ common weapons ( ! ,fr5* tri*eurs4 ,z 9 ,pok]1 x is be/ to avoid play+ ) /rang]s4 ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play4 ,beyond ! usual qualifications necess>y to succe$ ) any memb] ( ! pok] family1 ,b\illotte requires "s /udy ( ! probable value ( ! po9t1 :i* value w v>y ) ! numb] ( play]s engag$ 9 ! c\p4 ,= in/ance3 ,! fir/ play] to say1 hav+ only #ba 9 8 h&1 %\ld ante2 b if two o!r play]s _h already ant$1 #ca1 or ev5 #dj w\ld be a d\btful h&4 ,if a bet _h be5 made & met by ano!r play]1 su* a po9t %\ld g5]ally be laid d[n4 ,) good c>ds x is always bett] = ! elde/ h& to pass1 especially ) a brelan1 = he w !n h an opportunity to judge ( ! value ( ! h&s aga9/ him1 & he c raise ! bet to 8 advantage4 ,good play]s w n bet on an ace alone1 unless ! suit is turn$ up2 nor on a po9t ( #ba ) a weak c>d ( ! turn-up suit4 ,if ?ree play 9 a pool ! po9t %\ld be v /rong to foll[ beyond ! fir/ raise2 & if f\r play]s are engag$1 x is almo/ a c]ta9ty t brelans w be %[n4 ,:5 a play] ) a brelan has fright5$ (f 8 oppon5ts ) a big bet1 x is usual to /ifle ! brelan1 z x is consid]$ m to ! play]'s advantage to leave 8 adv]s>ies "u ! impression t he may h be5 bluff+ ?an to %[ ! h& = ! sake ( ! "o :ite c\nt] to :i* x entitles him4 ,) ?ree c>ds ( "o suit to ! ,k+1 x is usual to bet high1 9 ord] to drive out any?+ b a brelan4 ,any play] hold+ ace & ano!r ( ! suit w ( c\rse ab&on 8 h&1 z 8 po9t is wor? only #ba at ! mo/1 & ! play] ) ?ree to ! ,k+ w get ! b5efit ( 8 c>ds :5 ! po9t is c\nt$4 ,,ambigu4 ,c>ds4 ,ambigu is play$ ) a pack ( =ty c>ds1 ! ,k ,q ,j ( ea* suit be+ delet$4 ,! c>ds rank 9 ! ord] ( _! num]ical value1 ! #aj be+ ! highe/1 & ! ace ! l[e/4 ,two packs may be us$ alt]nately4 ,play]s4 ,any numb] f two to six may =m ! table1 & ! arrangem5ts = seats1 fir/ deal1 etc41 %\ld be decid$ z at ,b\illotte4 ,/akes4 ,ea* play] beg9s ) an equal numb] ( c\nt]s1 ! value ( :i* mu/ be det]m9$ be=eh&4 ,a bett+ limit %\ld be agre$ ^u1 & "o play] %\ld be ! bank] = ! ev5+4 ,bl9d4 ,be=e ! c>ds are dealt1 ea* play] deposits "o c\nt] 9 ! pool2 !re is no /raddle4 ,deal+4 ,! c>ds are cut to ! left1 & dealt to ! "r1 & two c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]1 "o at a "t1 face d[n4 ,me?od ( ,play+4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s "r1 exam9es 8 h&1 & if satisfi$ ) x he says3 8,en\gh40 ,if n satisfi$1 he may disc>d "o or bo? ( 8 c>ds1 & receive o!rs f ! top ( ! pack4 ,9 ei!r case he places two :ite c\nt]s 9 ! pool = 8 ante4 ,all hav+ decid$ to /& or to draw1 ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 exclusive ( ! disc>ds1 is re%uffl$ & cut2 ea* play] is !n giv5 two m c>ds1 "o at a "t1 & face d[n4 ,ea* 9 turn exam9es 8 f\r c>ds1 & if satisfi$ he says3 8,i play20 if n1 he says3 8,i pass40 ,if all pass1 ! deal] has ! *oice ( two ?+s3 ,he may ga!r ! c>ds & deal aga91 ea* play] putt+ ano!r c\nt] into ! pool1 or he may put up two :ite c\nt]s himself1 & compel ! play]s to reta9 ! c>ds dealt !m1 ! deal] keep+ 8 also4 ,any p]son ann\nc+ to play may put up z _m c\nt]s z he pleases )9 ! bett+ limit4 ,if no p]son w /ay ) him1 he takes back 8 raise1 leav+ ! antes1 & is paid two c\nt]s by ! la/ play] :o refuses4 ,if two or m decl>e to play !y c ei!r meet ! am\nt (f]$ by ! fir/ play]1 or raise him4 ,if any play] decl9es to meet a raise1 he mu/ ab&on 8 h&4 ,if no "o w call ! la/ raise1 ! play] mak+ x takes ! pool1 & !n %[s 8 h&1 & dem&s paym5t f ea* ( ! o!r play]s = :atev] comb9ation he holds4 ,if two or m play]s call1 by mak+ _! bets equal1 !y aga9 draw c>ds1 hav+ ! privilege ( disc>d+ any numb] f "o to f\r1 or ( /&+ pat4 ,aft] ! draw ea* 9 turn c pass or play4 ,if all pass1 ! h&s are ab&on$1 & ! pool rema9s2 ea* play] add+ "o c\nt] = ! next deal4 ,?is is to =ce play]s to bet on _! h&s4 ,if a bet is made1 ! call+ & rais+ proce$s z 9 ,draw ,pok]4 ,:5 !re are n en\gh c>ds to supply ! play]s1 ! disc>ds mu/ be ga!r$1 %uffl$1 & cut4 ,any play] ) too _m or too few c>ds mu/ ab&on 8 h& z f\l4 ,any play] %[+ 8 c>ds mu/ ab&on 8 h&1 & =feit f\r c\nt]s to ! pool4 ,! g5]al laws ( ,pok] gov]n+ all irregul>ities may be appli$ to ,ambigu2 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! ,fr5* are v mu* av]se to p5alties ( all k9ds1 & if an error c be rectifi$ )\t do+ an inju/ice to any play]1 x is usual to set ?+s "r 9 ! simple/ mann] possible4 ,value ( ! ,h&s4 ,!re are sev5 comb9ations ( value 9 ,ambigu1 :i* rank 9 ! foll[+ ord]1 beg9n+ ) ! l[e/3-- ,! ,po9t4 ,! total numb] ( pips on two or m c>ds ( ! same suit4 ,a s+le c>d does n c\nt = ! po9t4 ,?ree c>ds ( "o suit are a bett] po9t ?an two c>ds1 ev5 if !re are m pips on ! two c>ds4 ,if no high] comb9ation ?an a po9t is %[n1 ! play] ) ! w9n+ po9t receives "o c\nt] f ea* ( ! o!r play]s at ! table1 besides w9n+ ! pool1 & ev]y?+ 9 x4 ,9 case ( ties1 ! play] hav+ two c>ds 9 sequ5ce w9s4 ,= in/ance3 an #h & a #g w beat a #aj & a #e4 ,if ?is does n decide x1 ! eld] h& w9s4 ,! ,prime4 ,f\r c>ds ( diff]5t suits1 sometimes call$ a ,dut* flu%1 is a bett] h& ?an ! po9t4 ,if a prime is ! be/ comb9ation %[n1 ! hold] w9s ! pool1 & receives two c\nt]s f ea* ( ! o!r play]s4 ,if ! pips 9 ! prime aggregate m ?an ?irty1 x is call$ ,gr& ,prime1 & ! hold] receives ?ree c\nt]s f ea* ( ! o!r play]s1 in/ead ( two4 ,if two or m primes are %[n1 ! "o ) ! highe/ numb] ( pips w9s4 ,if ?is is /ill a tie1 ! eld] h& w9s4 ,a ,sequ5ce is a bobtail /raight flu%2 t is1 ?ree ( ! f\r c>ds are 9 sequ5ce1 su* z ! #b1 #c & #d ( spades1 ) an odd c>d1 su* z a #i4 ,?is is a bett] comb9ation ?an a prime1 & ! hold] receives ?ree c\nt]s f ea* play]4 ,9 case ( ties1 ! highe/ sequ5ce w9s4 ,if ! sequ5ce flu% is "o ( f\r c>ds1 x is a d\blet4 ,a ,tricon1 or ?ree ( a k9d1 is bett] ?an a /raight1 & entitles ! hold] to f\r c\nt]s f ea* ( ! o!r play]s4 ,pairs h no value4 ,a ,flu% is f\r c>ds ( ! same suit1 n necess>ily 9 sequ5ce1 & is bett] ?an a tricon4 ,! hold] is paid five c\nt]s by ea* ( ! o!r play]s1 9 addition to w9n+ ! pool4 ,d\blets4 ,any h& conta9+ a d\ble comb9ation w beat any s+le comb9ation4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] holds ?ree ( a k9d1 & ! f\r? c>d 9 8 h& is ( a diff]5t suit f any ( 8 triplet4 ,8 h& is a d\ble comb9ation1 prime & tricon1 & w beat a flu%4 ,a sequ5ce ( f\r c>ds ( ! same suit is a d\ble comb9ation1 & w beat any?+ b a fr$on4 ,:5 d\blets are %[n1 ! hold] is paid = bo? comb9ations1 six = tricon & prime1 or eight = sequ5ce & flu%1 z ! case may be4 ,a ,fr$on1 or f\r ( a k9d1 is ! be/ possible h&1 & ! hold] is paid t5 or elev5 c\nt]s by ea* ( ! o!r play]s1 accord+ to ! pip value ( 8 c>ds4 ,he is paid eight c\nt]s = fr$on1 & two = ! prime1 if x is small] ?an #h's2 b he claims gr& prime if he has f\r #i's1 or f\r #aj',s1 & gets elev5 c\nt]s4 ,9 case ( ties :i* _c be decid$ by ! pip values1 ! eld] h& w9s4 ,ev5 if a play] has lo/ 8 entire /ake 9 ! pool1 he mu/ pay ! v>i\s comb9ations %[n1 & x is usual to res]ve ab\t t5 c\nt]s = ?is purpose4 ,bett+ ! ,h&s4 ,aft] ! la/ c>ds h be5 drawn1 ! play]s proce$ to bet ^u _! h&s precisely z at ,pok]4 ,if a play] makes a bet or raise :i* no "o w call1 he takes ! pool1 & !n %[s 8 h& & dem&s paym5t = ! comb9ation he holds4 ,x is v unusual = a play] to /ifle a h& at ,ambigu1 z he w\ld at ,b\illotte4 ,if a call is made1 ! play]s 9 ! call %[ & comp>e _! c>ds1 & ! be/ h& w9s ! pool4 ,only ! play] :o w9s ! pool c dem& paym5t = comb9ations held4 ,,text-,,books ,,on ,,pok]4 ,draw ,pok]1 by ,john ,w4 ,kell]1 #ahhg4 ,r\nd ,games1 by ,baxt]-,wray1 #ahia4 ,complete ,pok] ,play]1 by ,john ,blackbridge1 #ahge4 ,proctor on ,draw ,pok]1 #ahhc4 ,s*5ck's ,rules = ,draw ,pok]1 #ahgb4 ,! ,pok] ,book1 by ,ri*>d ,gu]ndale1 #ahhh4 ,! ,g5tlem5's ,h&book ( ,pok]1 by ,j4,w4 ,flor5ce1 #ahib4 ,pok] ,rules 9 ,rhyme1 by ,geo4 ,w4 ,all51 #ahie4 ,sci5ce ( ,draw ,pok]1 by ,david ,a4 ,curtis1 #aija4 ,pok]1 ,br5tano's ,pocket ,libr>y ,s]ies1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #ahig4 ,practical ,pok]1 ) complete laws1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]1 #aije4 ,treatise on ,pok]1 by ,e4,p4 ,philpots1 #aijd4 ,pok] probabilities1 by ,alleyne ,reynolds1 #aija4 ,! ,game ( ,draw ,pok]1 ,ma!matically ,illu/rat$1 by ,h4,t4 ,w9t]blossom1 #ahge4 ,,! ,,eu*re ,,family4 ,?is family embraces f\r ( ! be/ kn[n & mo/ popul> games 9 ! _w1 ea* ( :i* has be5 consid]$ ! national game 9 its own c\ntry3 c>t 9 ,france2 ,napoleon 9 ,engl&2 ,spoil ,five 9 ,irel&2 & ,eu*re 9 ,am]ica4 ,x has always be5 ! cu/om to trace ! orig9 ( ,eu*re to a v>iety ( ,triomphe1 or ,fr5* ,ruff1 probably introduc$ to ,am]ica by ! ,fr5* ( ,l\isiana2 & to claim c>t z its c\s91 & ! ,fr5* survivor ( ! p>5t game4 ,9 ! op9ion ( ! au?or1 bo? ! game & its "n g to %[ t ,eu*re is ( mix$ /ock1 & probably orig9at$ 9 an attempt to play ! anci5t ,iri% game ( ,spoil ,five ) a piquet pack4 8,eu*re0 is n a ,fr5* ^w1 b ! mean+ ( x is id5tical ) 8,spoil ,five02 bo? names signify+ t ! object ( ! game is to prev5t ! mak] ( ! trump f gett+ ?ree tricks4 ,9 ! "o game he is 8spoil$20 9 ! o!r he is 8eu*r$40 ,9 ! old game ( ,triomphe1 9 c>t1 & 9 ! black suits 9 ,spoil ,five1 ! ord] ( ! c\rt c>ds 9 pla9 suits is ! same1 ! ace rank+ bel[ ! ,jack4 ,b 9 ,eu*re ! ,jack ranks above ! ace :5 ! suit is trumps1 exactly z x does 9 ,spoil ,five4 ,9 ! latt] game ! five is ! be/ trump2 b z !re is no five 9 a piquet pack1 t trump 0 probably disreg>d$1 leav+ ! ,jack ! be/4 ,tak+ up1 or 8robb+0 ! turn-up trump1 is ano!r trait common to bo? ,spoil ,five & ,eu*re4 ,spoil ,five & ,triomphe are m5tion$ 9 ! e>lie/ works on c>d games4 ,triomphe c be trac$ to #aebj1 :5 x 0 popul> 9 ,spa92 & ! orig9 ( ,maw1 ! p>5t ( ,spoil ,five1 is lo/ 9 ! mi/s ( ,iri% antiquity4 ,x 0 ! fa%ionable game dur+ ! reign ( ,james ,i4 ,! old ,spani% game ( ,triomphe1 n[ obsolete1 seems to h und]gone sev]al *anges aft] its introduction to ,france4 ,at fir/ x 0 play$ ei!r by two p]sons1 or by two pairs ( p>tn]s4 ,if "o side _h bad c>ds1 !y c\ld (f] to ab&on ! h&1 & all[ ! adv]s>ies to c\nt a po9t )\t play+4 ,if ! adv]s>ies refus$1 !y 7 oblig$ to w9 all five tricks or lose two po9ts4 ,x 0 compulsory to w9 ! trick if possible1 & to trump1 ov]-trump1 or "u-trump if ! play] _h none ( ! suit l$4 ,?is peculi>ity survives 9 ! games ( ,rams & ,loo1 :i* also belong to ! eu*re family4 ,aft] a "t we f9d a v>iation introduc$ 9 :i* any numb] f two to six c\ld play1 ea* = himself1 & ! play] fir/ w9n+ two tricks out ( ! five m>k$ ! po9t4 ,lat] /ill we f9d ! ace rank+ above ! ,k+1 ?us becom+ ! be/ trump4 ,if ! ace 0 turn$ up1 ! deal] _h ! privilege ( robb+ x1 or ! hold] ( ! ace ( trumps c\ld rob ! turn-up1 disc>d+ any c>d he pleas$1 j z 9 ,spoil ,five4 ,b 9 ,triomphe ! deal] turn$ up ano!r c>d1 & if t 0 ( ! trump suit ! hold] ( ! ace c\ld rob t also1 & s on until he turn$ a c>d ( a diff]5t suit4 ,?is did n alt] ! trump1 b m]ely /opp$ ! robb+ process4 ,:e!r or n ,triomphe borr[$ ?is feature f ,spoil ,five or ,maw1 x is n[ impossible to say4 ,:atev] its orig91 ,eu*re has always be5 ! mo/ respectable memb] ( ! family1 & ! game ( all o!rs t has be/ s]v$ ! c>d-play+ int]e/ 9 social life4 ,spoil ,five probably comes next 9 po9t ( respectability2 b c>t has (t5 fall5 into evil h&s1 & ! v "n is 9 "s places reg>d$ z synonym\s = gambl+4 ,! same is true ( ,napoleon1 b 9 less degree4 ,eu*re1 unlike ! o!r memb]s ( ! family1 is n ess5tially a gambl+ game1 b belongs r to ! intellectual gr\p ( c>d games2 a position :i* we hope x may long ma9ta94 ,,eu*re4 ,,c>ds4 ,eu*re is play$ ) :at is commonly kn[n z ! piquet pack1 #cb c>ds1 all bel[ ! #g be+ delet$4 ,9 pla9 suits ! c>ds rank z at ,:i/2 b 9 ! trump suit ! ,jack is ! be/1 & x is call$ ! ,"r ,b[]4 ,! ,jack ( ! same col\r z ! trump suit1 r$ or black1 is ! second-be/ trump1 & x is call$ ! ,left ,b[]2 s t if clubs 7 trumps ! rank ( ! n9e c>ds 9 ! trump suit w\ld be z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 ,! rank ( ! c>ds 9 ! o!r suits w\ld be3-- ,illu/ration3 ,:5 ! ,jok]1 or blank c>d is us$1 x is always ! be/ trump1 rank+ above ! "r b[]4 ,9 cutt+1 ! ace is l[1 ! o!r c>ds rank+ z 9 pla9 suits4 ,a play] cutt+ ! ,jok] mu/ cut aga94 ,,c\nt]s or :i/ m>k]s may be us$ = keep+ ! score1 b x is mu* m common to use ! small c>ds f ! delet$ portion ( ! pack4 ,! game is five po9ts1 & ! be/ me?od ( scor+ is to use ! #d & #c ( any suit4 ,:5 ! #c is face up1 b cov]$ by ! #d face d[n1 x c\nts "o4 ,:5 ! #d is face up1 cov]$ by ! #c face d[n1 x c\nts two4 ,:5 ! #d is face d[n1 cov]$ by ! #c face up1 x c\nts ?ree4 ,:5 ! #c is face d[n1 cov]$ by ! #d face up1 x c\nts f\r4 ,illu/ration3 cov]$ by cov]$ by cov]+ a cov]+ a fac$[n c>d fac$[n c>d fac$[n c>d fac$[n c>d ,,"o4 ,,two4 ,,?ree4 ,,f\r4 ,! numb] ( pips expos$ on ! c>d :i* is face up is immat]ial2 ! relative position ( ! two c>ds w always det]m9e ! score4 ,rubb] or game scores mu/ be kept on a :i/ m>k]1 or on a %eet ( pap]4 ,,play]s4 ,eu*re may be play$ by any numb] ( p]sons f two to sev52 b 9 ! sev5-h&$ game ! full pack ( fifty-?ree c>ds is us$4 ,:atev] ! numb] ( play]s1 !y cut = positions at ! table1 = p>tn]s1 & = ! deal4 ,,cutt+4 ,! c>ds are usually spread1 face d[n1 & ea* c&idate = play draws a c>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,spread+ ,,! ,,pack4 ,:5 two or ?ree play1 ! l[e/ cut has ! *oice ( seats1 & takes ! fir/ deal4 ,:5 f\r play1 !y cut = p>tn]s2 ! two highe/ pair+ aga9/ ! two l[e/4 ,! l[e/ has ! *oice ( seats1 & deals ! fir/ h&4 ,:5 five or sev5 play1 !y h ! *oice ( seats 9 _! ord]1 ! l[e/ fir/1 & ! l[e/ cut deals4 ,:5 six play1 ! ?ree l[e/ are p>tn]s aga9/ ! ?ree highe/1 ! l[e/ cut hav+ ! *oice ( seats1 & ! fir/ deal4 ,,ties4 ,play]s cutt+ c>ds ( equal value cut aga92 b ! new cut decides no?+ b ! tie4 ,,play]',s ,,positions4 ,! elde/ h&1 or age1 sits on ! left ( ! deal]1 & ! pone sits on ! deal]'s "r4 ,!re are no di/9ctive names = ! o!r positions4 ,:5 two play1 !y sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,:5 ?ree play1 ea* = himself1 ! game is kn[n z ,cut ,?roat1 & ! position ( ! play]s is immat]ial4 ,:5 f\r play1 ! p>tn]s sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,:5 five or sev5 play1 ! mak] ( ! trump 9 ea* deal selects 8 p>tn]s1 & !y play aga9/ ! o!rs )\t any *ange 9 _! positions at ! table4 ,:5 six play1 ?ree are p>tn]s aga9/ ! o!r ?ree1 & ! oppos+ play]s sit alt]nately r\nd ! table4 ,,/akes4 ,if !re is any /ake ^u ! game1 its am\nt mu/ be settl$ be=e play beg9s4 ,:5 rubb]s are play$1 x is usual to make ! /ake s mu* a rubb] po9t4 ,if ! w9n]s ( ! game are five po9ts to _! adv]s>ies' no?+1 !y w9 a treble1 & c\nt ?ree rubb] po9ts4 ,if ! los]s h scor$ "o or two po9ts only1 ! w9n]s m>k two po9ts = a d\ble4 ,if ! los]s h rea*$ ?ree or f\r1 ! w9n]s m>k "o = a s+le4 ,! side w9n+ ! rubb] adds two po9ts to its score = s do+2 s t ! l>ge/ rubb] possible is "o ( eight po9ts2--two triples to no?+1 & two add$ = ! rubb]4 ,! smalle/ possible is "o po9t2--two s+les & ! rubb]1 aga9/ a triple4 ,if ! fir/ two games are won by ! same p>tn]s1 ! ?ird is n play$4 ,,deal+4 ,any play] has ! "r to %uffle ! c>ds1 ! deal] la/4 ,! pack mu/ be pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 & he mu/ leave at lea/ f\r c>ds 9 ea* packet4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left1 ! deal] di/ributes ! c>ds ei!r two at a "t & !n ?ree1 or ?ree & !n two to ea* play] 9 rotation1 until all h five c>ds4 ,:i*ev] numb]1 two or ?ree1 ! deal] beg9s )1 he mu/ cont9ue giv+ ! same numb] to e play]1 includ+ himself1 = ! fir/ r\nd4 ,aft] ! c>ds are dealt1 ! next c>d is turn$ face up on ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 except 9 five & sev5-h&$ ,eu*re1 9 :i* no trump is turn$4 ,ea* play] deals 9 turn to ! left1 until ! conclusion ( ! game or rubb]4 ,irregul>ities 9 ! ,deal4 ,if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 ! deal] mu/ deal aga94 ,%\ld ! deal] expose any c>d b ! trump :ile deal+1 ! adv]s>ies may dem& a new deal by ! same deal]4 ,%\ld any adv]s>y ( ! deal] expose a c>d1 ! deal] may elect to deal aga94 ,a play] deal+ out ( turn may be /opp$ be=e ! trump c>d is turn$2 b aft] t ! deal mu/ /&1 aft]w>d pass+ to ! left 9 regul> ord]4 ,on ! completion ( ! deal1 if any play] has m or less ?an five c>ds1 x is a misdeal1 & ! deal passes to ! play] on ! misdeal]'s left4 ,! deal] loses 8 deal if he neglects to h ! pack cut2 if he deals a c>d incorrectly1 & fails to rem$y ! error be=e deal+ ano!r2 if he c\nts ! c>ds on ! table1 or ^? rema9+ 9 ! pack2 or if he deals two c>ds to "o play] & ?ree to ano!r 9 ! same r\nd4 ,if ! pack is f\nd to be imp]fect1 ! deal 9 :i* ! error is discov]$ is void2 b all previ\s scores /& good4 ,,mak+ ,,! ,,trump4 ,al?\gh a c>d is turn$ up at ! end ( ! deal1 ! suit to :i* x belongs is n necess>ily ! trump = t h&4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 :e!r he be an adv]s>y or a p>tn] ( ! deal]'s1 may insi/ on ! turn-up suit rema9+ ! trump2 or he may decl>e t he is indiff]5t z to :i* suit is ! trump1 ! "o turn$ up or "s o!r4 ,b %\ld "o play] 9 8 prop] turn decide 9 fav\r ( ! turn-up1 no play] aft] him c alt] ! decision4 ,:5 x comes to ! deal]'s turn1 if no o!r play] has decid$ to reta9 ! suit turn$ up1 he mu/ ei!r let ! trump rema9 z x is1 or insi/ on its be+ *ang$4 ,z ! individual or side t settles :i* suit %all be ! trump is said to make ! trump1 x w be necess>y to describe ! me?od ( scor+ 9 ord] to und]/& ! pr9ciples t guide ! play]s 9 decid+ on ! trump suit4 ,,scor+4 ,eu*re is play$ = tricks4 ,if ! side t makes ! trump takes ?ree or f\r tricks out ( ! five possible1 x scores "o po9t4 ,if ! side w9s all five tricks1 x scores two po9ts = a m>*4 ,if ! play] t makes ! trump fails to w9 ?ree tricks1 he is eu*r$1 & 8 adv]s>ies score two po9ts = ! eu*re4 ,:5 f\r play1 if ! play] :o makes ! trump decl>es to play alone1 t is1 )\t any assi/ance f 8 p>tn]1 :o mu/ lay d[n 8 c>ds1 ! mak] ( ! trump scores f\r po9ts if he succe$s 9 w9n+ all five tricks1 & "o po9t if he w9s ?ree or f\r tricks4 ,b if he fails to w9 ?ree tricks1 he is eu*r$1 & ! adv]s>ies score two po9ts4 ,:5 ?ree play1 a lone h& c\nts ?ree if ! play] w9s all five tricks4 ,:5 two play1 five tricks is simply a m>*1 & c\nts two po9ts4 ,:5 five or sev5 play1 !re are special scores = lone h&s4 ,:5 all five tricks are tak5 by "o side1 b n by an individual play+ a lone h&1 x is simply a m>*1 & c\nts two po9ts1 no matt] h[ _m are play+4 ,:5 two or ?ree are play+1 a m>* mu/ ( c\rse be a lone h&1 z !re are no p>tn]%ips4 ,z we %all see lat]1 !re are "s v>ieties ( ,eu*re 9 :i* a lone h& may play aga9/ a lone h&1 b ?is is n p]mitt$ 9 ! ord9>y game4 ,no "o b ! individual play] :o makes ! trump c play alone4 ,except 9 five & sev5-h&$ ,eu*re1 ! play] or side fir/ rea*+ five po9ts w9s ! game4 ,if ?ree are play+1 & two ( !m rea* five po9ts simultane\sly by eu*re+ ! ?ird1 !y bo? w9 a game4 ,if !y are play+ = /akes1 !y divide ! pool4 ,,tak+ ,,up ,,! ,,trump4 ,aft] ! trump is turn$ up1 ea* play] 9 turn exam9es 8 c>ds1 & if he does n c>e :e!r ! trump suit rema9s un*ang$ or n1 he says3 8,i pass40 ,if all pass1 ! deal] mu/ decide4 ,! deal] has ! advantage ( be+ all[$ to take ! trump c>d into 8 own h&1 disc>d+ "o ( 8 wor?less c>ds 9 its place4 ,if he ?9ks he c make ?ree tricks ) ! turn-up suit = trumps1 & 8 p>tn]'s probable assi/ance1 or c w9 five tricks by play+ alone1 he disc>ds any c>d he pleases1 plac+ x "u ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 face d[n1 & )\t %[+ or nam+ x4 ,if ! deal] decides to play alone1 x is usual = him to pass 8 disc>d across ! table to 8 p>tn]1 face d[n1 s t !re may be no misund]/&+ 8 int5tion4 ,! deal] may take up ! trump c>d at any "t dur+ ! play ( ! h&2 b x is usual to leave x on ! pack until x is play$ to a trick4 ,no "o b ! deal] c take ! trump into 8 h&4 ,,turn+ ,,d[n ,,! ,,trump4 ,if ! deal] fe>s t he & 8 p>tn] _c make ?ree tricks ) ! turn-up suit = trumps1 or w\ld pref] to h ! suit *ang$1 he c pass4 ,if he passes1 he takes ! trump c>d f ! top ( ! pack1 & places x face upw>d1 & p>tly "u ! pack1 9 su* a mann] t x c be di/9ctly se54 ,illu/ration3 on top ( pack ,fac$[n pack cov]+ fac$[n c>d cov]+ ,,tak5 ,,up4 ,,turn$ ,,d[n4 ,,*ang+ ,,! ,,trump4 ,x !n becomes ! turn ( ! o!r play]s1 ea* 9 succession to ! left ( ! deal]1 to "n "s o!r suit = ! trump1 or to pass a second "t4 ,if ! suit ( ! same col\r z ! turn-up is nam$ = ! new trump1 x is usual to say3 8,i make x next40 ,if a suit ( a diff]5t col\r is nam$1 x is call$ cross+ ! suit1 & "s play]s1 if a r$ suit is turn$1 w say3 8,i cross to clubs40 ,any play] nam+ a new suit may ann\nce to play alone at ! same "t4 ,! side t makes ! new trump mu/ make at lea/ ?ree tricks1 or x w be eu*r$1 & ! adv]s>ies w c\nt two po9ts4 ,if a play] names ! suit t has j be5 turn$ d[n1 he loses 8 "r to make ! trump2 & if he corrects himself1 & names ano!r suit1 he deb>s n only himself b 8 p>tn] f mak+ ! trump4 ,"o play] hav+ nam$ a new trump suit 9 8 prop] turn1 8 decision is b9d+ on all ! o!rs2 b %\ld a play] "n a suit out ( 8 prop] turn1 bo? he & 8 p>tn] are deb>r$ f mak+ t suit ! trump4 ,if no "o w "n a new trump1 ! deal is void1 & passes to ! next play] on ! deal]'s left4 ,,ord]+ ,,up ,,! ,,trump4 ,in/ead ( pass+ ! turn-up trump on ! fir/ r\nd1 any play] :o ?9ks x w\ld be to 8 advantage to h ! turn-up rema9 ! trump1 may ord] ! deal] to take x up4 ,9 do+ s he says3 8,i ord] x10 if he is an adv]s>y2 or3 8,i assi/10 if he is ! deal]'s p>tn]4 ,9 ei!r case ! play] mak+ ! trump may ann\nce a lone h& at ! same "t4 ,8 side mu/ make at lea/ ?ree tricks1 :e!r he plays alone or n1 or x is a eu*re1 & ! adv]s>ies w c\nt two po9ts4 ,9 case an adv]s>y ( ! deal] plays alone1 he mu/ di/9ctly ann\nce x :5 he ord]s up ! trump4 ,! usual expression is3 8,i ord] x alone40 ,8 p>tn] !n lays 8 c>ds face d[nw>d on ! table & takes no fur!r "p 9 ! play ( t h&4 ,if he exposes any c>d ( ! ab&on$ h&1 ! adv]s>ies c call ^u him to take up ! h& & play x1 leav+ ! expos$ c>d on ! table z liable to be call$4 ,?is ( c\rse prev5ts ! lone h&4 ,if ! deal]'s p>tn] wi%es to play alone1 in/ead ( assi/+1 he says3 8,i play ?is alone10 & ! deal] lays d[n 8 c>ds1 leav+ ! trump on ! pack4 ,,play+ ,,alone4 ,no play] b ! "o t takes up1 ord]s up1 or makes ! trump c play a lone h&4 ,if ! deal] takes up ! trump c>d ( 8 own accord1 he c play alone4 ,if any play] ord]s up or assi/s1 t play] c play alone4 ,any play] mak+ a new trump aft] ! fir/ has be5 turn$ d[n1 c play alone4 ,if "o play] ord]s up ! trump1 nei!r 8 p>tn] nor 8 adv]s>y c play alone2 & if ! deal]'s p>tn] assi/s1 t prev5ts ! deal] f play+ a lone h&4 ,9 _m clubs ! mi/ake is made ( all[+ ! deal] to play alone on 8 p>tn]'s assi/2 or lett+ ! pone play alone aft] ! deal] has be5 assi/$2 or lett+ ! p>tn] ( ! play] :o makes ! new trump play alone4 ,?is is n good ,eu*re1 because x gives an unfair advantage to "o side1 z we %all see :5 we come to ! sugge/ions = good play1 especially 9 connection ) ord]+ up at :at is call$ ! 8bridge20 t is1 :5 ! score is #d to #a1 or #d to #j4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! trump settl$1 ! elde/ h&1 or ! play] next him on ! left1 if ! p>tn] ( ! elde/ h& is play+ alone1 beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c4 ,failure to foll[ suit :5 able is a revoke1 if ! error is n discov]$ & correct$ be=e ! trick 9 :i* x occurs is turn$ & quitt$4 ,if ! play] discov]s 8 mi/ake 9 "t1 ! c>d play$ 9 error mu/ be left on ! table1 & is liable to be call$4 ,:5 a revoke is discov]$ & claim$ by ! adv]s>ies1 x is usual to ab&on ! h&1 & ! adv]s>ies ( ! revok+ play] c ei!r d$uct two po9ts f 8 score1 or add two to _! own score1 = e revoke made dur+ ! h&4 ,! p5alty _c be divid$4 ,if bo? sides revoke1 ! deal is void1 & ! same deal] mu/ deal aga94 ,any play] hav+ none ( ! suit l$ may ei!r trump1 or ?r[ away a c>d ( ano!r suit4 ,! highe/ c>d play$1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick1 trumps w9n+ aga9/ all o!r suits1 & a high] trump w9n+ a l[]4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick may lead any c>d he pleases = ! next trick1 & s on1 until all five tricks h be5 play$4 ,if ! deal] takes ! trump into 8 h&1 any play] nam+ x is liable to h 8 highe/ or l[e/ trump call$2 b a play] may ask & mu/ be in=m$ :at ! trump suit is4 ,c>ds ,play$ 9 ,error4 ,all c>ds l$ out ( turn1 play$ 9 error1 or two or m play$ to a trick1 or dropp$ face upw>d on ! table1 are call$ expos$ c>ds1 & mu/ be left face up on ! table4 ,^! mu/ be play$ :5 call$ by ! adv]s>ies1 unless compliance ) ! dem& w\ld make ! play] revoke2 b ! fact ( _! be+ expos$ does n prev5t _! be+ got rid ( 9 ! c\rse ( play if ! opportunity (f]s4 ,"s p]sons imag9e t ! adv]s>ies c prev5t an expos$ c>d f be+ play$2 b su* is n ! case 9 ,eu*re4 ,a p]son play+ a lone h& is n liable to any p5alty = expos+ 8 c>ds1 nor = lead+ out ( turn1 = he has no p>tn] to d]ive any b5efit f ! in=mation convey$4 ,lead+ ,out ( ,turn4 ,%\ld any p]son1 n play+ alone1 lead out ( turn1 ! adv]s>ies may call a suit f ! play] 9 error1 or f 8 p>tn]1 :5 x is next ! turn ( ei!r ( !m to lead4 ,! dem& mu/ be made by ! p]son :o w be ! la/ play] on ! trick 9 :i* ! suit is call$4 ,if all h play$ to ! lead be=e discov]+ ! error1 x _c be rectifi$2 b if all h n play$1 ^? :o h foll[$ ! false lead mu/ take back _! c>ds1 :i* are n liable to be call$4 ,any play] may ask ! o!rs to draw c>ds 9 any trick1 provid$ he does s be=e ! c>ds are t\*$ = ! purpose ( ga!r+ !m4 ,9 answ] to ?is dem&1 ea* play] %\ld indicate :i* c>d ( ^? on ! table he play$4 ,no "o is all[$ to see any trick t has be5 turn$ & quitt$4 ,tak+ ,tricks4 ,z ! tricks are tak5 !y %\ld be neatly laid "o ^u ! o!r 9 su* a mann] t any play] at ! table c c\nt !m4 ,all tricks belong+ to "o side %\ld be kept toge!r4 ,at ! end ( ea* h& ! score %\ld be claim$ & m>k$4 ,revokes mu/ be detect$ & claim$ be=e ! c>ds are cut = ! foll[+ deal4 ,,cutt+ ,,out4 ,:5 ! play is conf9$ to f\r play]s1 rubb]s are usually play$1 & ! table is complete ) six p]sons1 two look+ on1 & await+ _! turn4 ,at ! end ( a rubb]1 if !re are m ?an f\r play]s belong+ to ! table1 ^? :o h j play$ cut to decide :i* %all give place to ^? wait+1 ! play]s cutt+ ! highe/ c>ds go+ out4 ,if six belong to ! table1 !re w be no fur!r cutt+ out1 z ^? :o are out = "o rubb] re-ent] = ! next1 tak+ ! places ( ^? :o h play$ two consecutive rubb]s4 ,if five belong to ! table1 ! ?ree :o rema9$ 9 = ! second rubb] mu/ cut to all[ ! fif? play] to re-ent]4 ,at ! end ( ! ?ird rubb]1 ! two cut t h n yet be5 out2 & at ! end ( ! f\r? rubb] ! "o :o has play$ e rubb] goes out )\t cutt+4 ,p>tn]s & deal are cut = at ! beg9n+ ( ea* new rubb]4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,*eat+4 ,all ! ,eu*re family ( games1 especially c>t & ,napoleon1 (f] num]\s opportunities to ! greek4 ,s well is ?is kn[n 9 ,europe t x is consid]$ extremely fooli% = any p]son to play c>t 9 mix$ companies4 ,! small numb] ( c>ds 9 ! pack1 & ! cu/om ( deal+ two & ?ree at a "t1 gives ! deal] an opportunity to bun* f\r valuable c>ds1 ( :i* he c give himself ?ree1 & turn up ! f\r?4 ,false %uffles1 %ift$ cuts1 & m>k$ c>ds are =midable weapons4 ,! telegraph betwe5 p>tn]s1 & ! v>iation 9 tone or words 9 pass+ are frequ5tly us$ by c>d-%>p]s4 ,"o ( ! commone/ devices 9 ,am]ica is ! use ( :at are kn[n z 8jack /ripp]s40 ,^! are two ,jacks1 usually bo? ( ! same col\r1 :i* c be )drawn f any portion ( ! pack by ! f+]s ( an exp]t1 & plac$ on ! top4 ,:5 ! %>p deals1 he places c>ds en\gh on ^! to supply ! o!r play]s on ! fir/ r\nd1 s t ! /ripp]s w come to him4 ,:5 only two are play+1 he /rips !m out & leaves !m on ! top :5 he cuts ! c>ds1 s t !y %all be dealt to him4 ,nev] play ,eu*re or c>t ) a man :o cuts ! pack ) bo? h&s4 ,any p]son :o is tempt$ to bet on any game 9 ! ,eu*re family %\ld rememb] ! advice ( ! worldly-wise ,p>isian to 8 son3 8,until y h f\r eyes 9 y\r head1 risk n y\r gold at c>t40 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,! *ief po9ts = ! beg9n] to und]/& are4 ,:5 to ord] up2 :5 to assi/2 :5 to take up2 :5 to play alone2 & :at to make ! trump if x is turn$ d[n4 ,8 decision 9 ea* case w be gov]n$ l>gely by 8 position at ! table1 & by ! score4 ,! foll[+ sugge/ions are = f\r play]s1 two be+ p>tn]s aga9/ ! o!r two1 & play+ )\t ! ,jok]2 t be+ ! mo/ common =m ( ! game4 ,! g5]al pr9ciples und]ly+ ^! sugge/ions = ! f\r-h&$ game w be f\nd equally valuable 9 any =m ( ,eu*re4 ,,ord]+ ,,up4 ,al?\gh probabilities are ( little practical value 9 ,eu*re1 x may be well to rememb] t !re are n9e c>ds 9 ! trump suit2 b z only two-?irds ( ! pack is dealt out1 ! av]age numb] ( trumps among f\r play]s w be six4 ,( ^!1 ! deal] always has ! advantage ( be+ sure ( "o m ?an 8 %>e1 & x is safe to reckon ^u ! deal] to hold at lea/ two trumps4 ,he may also be c\nt$ = a miss+ suit1 = he w disc>d any los+ c>d ( an odd suit :5 he takes up ! trump4 ,! ,elde/ ,h& %\ld n ord] up ! trump unless he has su* c>ds t he is reasonably c]ta9 ( ?ree tricks )\t any assi/ance f 8 p>tn]1 & _c be sure ( two tricks if ! trump is turn$ d[n4 ,:5 he holds "o or two b[]s1 especially if he has c>ds ( ! next suit2 t is1 ! suit ( ! same col\r z ! turn-up1 he %\ld always pass2 because if ! deal] takes x up he w probably be eu*r$1 & if he turns x d[n1 ! elde/ h& w h ! fir/ say1 & c make x next4 ,x is seldom "r to ord] up a b[]1 because ! deal] w r>ely turn d[n su* a c>d4 ,!re are exceptional cases 9 :i* ! elde/ h& may ord] up ) little or no?+4 ,"o ( ! mo/ common is :5 ! adv]s>ies ( ! deal] are at ! bridge2 t is1 :5 _! score is #d1 & ! deal]'s side has only #a or #b m>k$4 ,x is obvi\s t if ! deal] or 8 p>tn] plays alone1 he w w9 ! game2 b if ! trump is ord]$ up ! mo/ he c score is #b po9ts = a eu*re1 & ! play] :o ord]s up w !n h a *ance to g out on 8 own deal4 ,= ?is reason x has come to be reg>d$ z imp]ative = ! elde/ h& to ord] up at ! bridge1 unless he holds ! "r b[]1 or ! left b[] gu>d$1 or ! ace twice gu>d$1 any "o ( :i* comb9ations is c]ta9 to w9 a trick aga9/ a lone h& if ! elde/ h& does n lead trumps himself4 ,ano!r case is :5 ! score is #d to #d1 & ! elde/ h& has av]age trump /r5g?1 good side c>ds1 b no?+ 9 ! next suit4 ,x is bett] to ord] x up1 & risk ! game on su* a h& ?an to take ! *ance ( ! deal]'s turn+ x d[n4 ,! ,pone1 :o is ! p>tn] ( ! elde/ h&1 ord]s up at ! bridge on exactly opposite pr9ciples4 ,! fact t ! elde/ h& did n ord] up %[s t ! deal] _c make a lone h&4 ,?is %\ld indicate to ! pone t 8 p>tn] has a c]ta9 trick 9 trumps1 & if ! pone holds any good trumps himself1 he c (t5 guess :at 8 p>tn]'s trumps are4 ,= in/ance3 ,! ace is turn$1 & ! pone holds ! left b[] gu>d$4 ,! elde/ h& mu/ h ! "r b[]1 or f\r trumps to ! ,k+4 ,if ! elde/ h& has pass$ at ! bridge1 & ! pone has /rong trumps himself1 especially ! ace or left b[] & two small trumps1 he %\ld ord] up ! trump2 n to save ! game1 b to be sure ( w9n+ x by prev5t+ ! deal] f turn+ x d[n4 ,if ! pone does n ord] up at ! bridge1 ! elde/ h& may inf] t he is weak 9 trumps4 ,:5 x is n a bridge1 ! pone %\ld be guid$ by ! same pr9ciples z ^? giv5 = ! elde/ h&1 because he may be sure t 8 p>tn] w make x next if x is turn$ d[n1 unless he has a c]ta9ty ( ?ree tricks by cross+4 ,if a play] calls 8 p>tn]'s att5tion to ! fact t !y are at ! bridge1 bo? lose _! "r to ord] up4 ,,assi/+4 ,! deal]'s p>tn] usually assi/s on pla9-suit c>ds1 su* z two aces1 r ?an on trumps4 ,! score & ! turn-up trump w (t5 be a guide z to :e!r or n to assi/4 ,= in/ance3 ,if ! score is #a all1 or to #b to #a1 & a b[] is turn$1 x is r>ely "r to assi/1 because x prev5ts ! deal] f play+ alone4 ,if ! p>tn] has good suit c>ds1 !y may be useful to make a m>*2 if he has /rong trumps1 especially if sure ( ?ree tricks1 he %\ld play alone1 in/ead ( assi/+4 ,if ! score is #c 9 ! deal]'s fav\r1 he does n ne$ a lone h& to w9 ! game1 & ) two reasonably c]ta9 tricks 9 8 own h& ! deal]'s p>tn] %\ld assi/1 z !y may w9 ! game by a m>*4 ,if ! deal]'s side is at ! bridge1 ! score be+ #d to #a or #d to #j 9 _! fav\r1 & ! elde/ h& passes1 ! deal]'s p>tn] mu/ be on ! al]t to prev5t ! pone f plac+ a lone h&4 ,he %\ld assi/ unless a b[] is turn$1 or he has x himself1 or holds su* c>ds t1 comb9$ ) ! turn-up1 he is sure ( a trick4 ,= in/ance3 ,! deal]'s p>tn] has ! ,k+ & two o!r trumps1 & ! ace is turn$4 ,x is impossible = ! pone to make a lone h&1 ev5 if he has bo? b[]s1 & ! ace is b>e2 = he _c cat* ! ,k+1 ev5 if 8 p>tn] leads ! trump ?r\gh x4 ,b if a small trump 0 turn$1 ! pone might easily make a lone h& ) bo? b[]s & ! ace4 ,,tak+ ,,up4 ,! av]age expectation ( ! deal] is some?+ ov] two trumps1 includ+ ! turn-up4 ,) m ?an two trumps1 or ) two /rong trumps1 & a reasonably c]ta9 trick 9 a pla9 suit1 ! deal] %\ld take up ! trump4 ,?ree trumps ( any size & an ace 9 pla9 suits is a /rong take-up h&4 ,x is bett] to take up ! trump ) only "o pla9 suit 9 ! h&1 & small trumps1 ?an ) two /rong trumps & two weak pla9 suits4 ,! score w (t5 decide ! deal] 9 tak+ up ! trump4 ,= in/ance3 ,at #d all1 x is useless to turn any?+ d[n unless y h a c]ta9 eu*re 9 ! next suit1 & no?+ 9 ! turn-up4 ,ev5 !n1 ! adv]s>ies are almo/ c]ta9 to cross ! suit & g out4 ,) ! score #c all1 ! deal] %\ld be v c>eful ab\t tak+ up on a weak h&1 because a eu*re loses ! game4 ,if he is weak1 b has a *ance 9 ! next suit1 or a b[] 9 ! cross suits1 he %\ld turn x d[n4 ,x is a common /ratagem to turn x d[n = a eu*re :5 ! deal] is bett] 9 ! next suit1 & has only #b to g4 ,,play+ ,,alone4 ,! deal] has ! be/ *ance to get a lone h&2 b ! elde/ h& is m likely to succe$ ) "o1 on acc\nt ( ! advantage ( ! lead4 ,x is an inv>iable rule = any play] to g alone :5 he has ?ree c]ta9 tricks1 unless he is #c up1 & c w9 ! game ) a m>*4 ,a lone h& %\ld be play$ ) bo? b[]s & ! ace1 no matt] h[ wor?less ! o!r c>ds2 or ) five trumps to ! ace )\t ei!r b[]2 or two high trumps & ?ree aces 9 pla9 suits2 or ?ree good trumps & two aces4 ,! !ory ( ?is is t :ile ! m>* might possibly be made ) p>tn]'s assi/ance1 if p>tn] has ! c>ds necess>y to make a m>*1 ! adv]s>ies h little or no?+1 & !re is a v good *ance to make a lone h& if ?ree tricks ( x are c]ta94 ,bo? b[]s & ! ace1 ) only ! sev5 & eight ( a pla9 suit h made _m a lone h&4 ,if ! lone play] is n caught on ! pla9 suit at ! fir/ trick1 ! adv]s>ies may disc>d x to keep high] c>ds 9 ! o!r suit2 or !y may h none ( x f ! fir/4 ,!re is always a *ance1 & x %\ld be tak54 ,! deal]'s p>tn]1 & ! pone1 %\ld be v c>eful 9 play+ lone h&s1 & %\ld nev] risk !m except ) ?ree c]ta9 tricks1 no matt] :at suit is l$ fir/4 ,) ?ree sure tricks1 "s play]s make x a rule to play alone1 provid$ ! two o!r c>ds are bo? ( ! same suit4 ,,mak+ ,,! ,,trump4 ,:5 ! trump is turn$ d[n1 ! g5]al rule is = ! elde/ h& to make x next4 ,! exceptions are :5 he has no?+ 9 ! next suit1 b has at lea/ two c]ta9 tricks 9 ! cross suit1 & a probable trick 9 a pla9 suit4 ,x is saf] to make x next ) a weak h& ?an to cross x on mod]ate /r5g?1 = ! presumption is t nei!r ! deal] nor 8 p>tn] _h a b[] 9 ! turn-d[n suit1 & !re=e h none 9 ! next suit4 ,su* be+ ! case1 x is v likely t "o or bo? may be /rong 9 ! cross suits1 & x is n consid]$ good policy to cross ! suit unless s /rong 9 x z to be reasonably c]ta9 ( ?ree tricks4 ,"s play]s inv>iably make x next1 reg>dless ( _! h&s1 unless !y c play alone 9 ! cross suit4 ,su* a habit exposes !m to ! common artifice ( ! deal]'s turn+ x d[n = a eu*re4 ,a deal] hold+ a b[] & ?ree c>ds ( ! next suit1 w (t5 turn x d[n1 & tru/ to ! elde/ h& mak+ x next1 :i* w give ! deal] f\r trumps in/ead ( two4 ,! elde/ h& %\ld be on 8 gu>d aga9/ ?is :5 ! deal]'s side has #c scor$4 ,! deal]'s p>tn]1 on ! o!r h&1 %\ld cross ! suit almo/ z inv>iably z ! elde/ h& %\ld make x next2 = if 8 p>tn] _c take up ! trump1 & ! elde/ h& _c make x next1 _! h&s mu/ be weak1 & if x is pass$ to ! pone1 he w probably turn out to h a lone h&4 ,! be/ *ance is to cross ! suit1 unless ! play] has ?ree c]ta9 tricks 9 8 own h& by mak+ x next1 su* z five trumps to ! ace1 or f\r trumps & a pla9-suit ace4 ,) su* c>ds he %\ld play alone4 ,! pone %\ld nev] make ! trump unless he has ?ree c]ta9 tricks1 & is will+ to play a lone h&4 ,if ! deal] turns x d[n1 & bo? ! elde/ h& & ! deal]'s p>tn] pass a second "t1 !re mu/ be a nigg] 9 ! woodpile some:]e4 ,,lead+4 ,! g5]al pr9ciple ( lead+ is to make tricks :ile y c4 ,x is useless to save up t5aces 9 pla9 suits1 because !re are only five tricks to play1 two ( :i* are c]ta9 to fall to ! trumps1 & x is v improbable t any play] w lead up to y a small c>d ( a pla9 suit t w g r\nd twice4 ,x is seldom "r to lead small c>ds ( a pla9 suit4 ,!re is a bett] *ance to make a trick ) ! ,k+ by lead+ x ?an by keep+ x gu>d$4 ,9 ! trump suit1 t5aces are v /rong1 & %\ld be pres]v$1 especially if ! t5ace is ov] ! turn-up trump4 ,!re is a famili> example ( ! importance ( t5ace :5 only two play1 9 :i* "o p]son holds ! major t5ace 9 trumps1 he>ts1 & mu/ w9 ?ree tricks1 no matt] :i* play] leads4 ,! c>ds 9 "o h& are3-- ,illu/ration3 & ^? 9 ! o!r h& are2-- ,illu/ration3 ,if ! play] ) ! major t5ace has to lead fir/1 all he has to d is to =ce 8 adv]s>y ) ! pla9 suit1 spades4 ,:atev] ! adv]s>y leads1 ! play] ) ! major t5ace simply w9s x1 & =ces aga94 ,if ! play] ) ! f\r trumps has ! fir/ lead1 x does n matt] :at c>d he plays2 ! play] ) ! major t5ace w9s x1 & =ces ) ! pla9 suit4 ,z long z ! major t5ace 9 trumps is n l$ away f1 x mu/ w9 ?ree tricks 9 trumps4 ,lead+ ,trumps4 ,) /rong c>ds 9 pla9 suits1 ! elde/ h& may (t5 lead trumps to advantage if ! deal]'s p>tn] has assi/$1 especially if ! turn-up trump is small4 ,x is seldom "r to lead trumps if ! deal] has tak5 up ! trump ( 8 own accord2 b an exception is usually made :5 ! elde/ h& holds ?ree trumps1 & two aces 9 pla9 suits4 ,! be/ *ance = a eu*re is to exhau/ ! trumps1 s z to make ! aces good = tricks4 ,if ! pone has ord]$ up ! trump1 ! elde/ h& %\ld lead trumps to him imm$iately2 b ! pone %\ld n lead trumps to 8 p>tn] if ! elde/ h& has ord]$ up at ! bridge4 ,if a b[] is turn$1 ! deal]'s p>tn] %\ld lead a small trump at ! fir/ opportunity4 ,9 play+ aga9/ a lone h& ! be/ c>ds 9 pla9 suits %\ld always be l$1 trumps nev]4 ,9 play+ alone1 x is be/ to lead w9n+ trumps z long z !y la/1 s z to =ce disc>ds1 :i* w (t5 leave int]m$iate c>ds 9 pla9 suits good = tricks4 ,second ,h&4 ,play ! be/ c>d y h second h&1 & cov] ev]y?+ l$ if y c4 ,) ,k+ & ano!r or ,que5 & ano!r1 x is usually be/ to put up ! hon\r second h&1 on a small c>d l$4 ,trump+4 ,x is seldom "r to trump p>tn]'s w9n+ c>ds1 unless he has ord]$ up ! trump1 & y ?9k y c lead ?r\gh ! deal] to advantage4 ,9 play+ aga9/ a lone h&1 x is sometimes good play to trump y\r p>tn]'s ace ) an ungu>d$ left b[] or ace ( trumps1 z x may prev5t ! deal] f gett+ into ! lead ) a small trump1 & may save a ,k+ or ,que5 ( trumps 9 y\r p>tn]'s h&4 ,if y don't trump1 ! deal] w probably get 9 & sw+ ! "r b[]1 & y\r trump w be lo/4 ,if y\r p>tn] has ord]$1 made1 or tak5 up ! trump1 & y h only "o trump1 ev5 a b[]1 trump ) x at ! fir/ opportunity4 ,trump ev]y?+ second h&1 unless x takes ! "r b[] = a d\btful trick1 or breaks into ! major t5ace 9 trumps4 ,disc>d+4 ,x is be/ to ?r[ away s+letons1 unless !y are aces4 ,if y h two c>ds ( equal value1 b ( diff]5t col\rs1 "o ( :i* mu/ be disc>d$1 x is usual to keep ! "o ( ! same col\r z ! turn-up :5 play+ aga9/ ! deal]4 ,disc>d suits t ! adv]s>ies are trump+4 ,if y\r p>tn] disc>ds a suit 9 :i* y h a high c>d1 keep t suit1 & disc>d ano!r4 ,if y h bo? ace & ,k+ ( a pla9 suit1 disc>d ! ace1 to %[ p>tn] t y c w9 a trick 9 ! suit4 ,x is v (t5 important to disc>d correctly :5 play+ aga9/ a lone h&1 especially if ! lone play] leads trumps = ! f\r? trick4 ,x is a common practice = mod]n play]s to signal 9 ! disc>d if !y h a c]ta9 trick 9 a suit4 ,?is is done by disc>d+ two c>ds 9 ano!r suit1 ! high] be=e ! l[]4 ,= in/ance3 ,y h two aces1 spades & diamonds4 ,! deal] plays alone on he>ts1 & trumps y\r spade ace ! fir/ "t4 ,if y h two clubs1 su* z ,k+ & t51 disc>d ! ,k+ fir/1 & !n ! t51 & y\r p>tn] w "k y c /op ! diamond suit4 ,?is %\ld advise him to keep 8 clubs4 ,,cut-,,?roat ,,eu*re4 ,! *ief elem5t 9 ! ?ree-h&$ game is play+ to ! score4 ,! play] ) ! /rong h& mu/ always be k9d to ! "u dog1 & p>tn]%ips are always =m$ aga9/ ! man ) ! high score4 ,suppose ,a1 ,b1 & ,c are play+1 & t ,a has #c po9ts to 8 adv]s>ies' no?+ on ,b's deal4 ,x is to ! int]e/ ( ,a to eu*re ,b2 b x is to ! int]e/ ( ,c to let ,b make 8 po9t because if ,b is eu*r$1 ,a w9s ! game4 ,b hav+ made 8 po9t1 ,c deals1 & x is !n to ! int]e/ ( ,b to let ,c make 8 po9t4 ,suppose ,c makes a m>*1 #c po9ts1 :i* puts him on a level ) ,a4 ,on ,a's deal x is ,c's game to eu*re him1 b ,b mu/ let ,a make 8 po9t2 s t in/ead ( be+ oppos$ by bo? ,b & ,c1 z he 0 a mom5t ago1 ,a f9ds a fri5d 9 ,b1 & ! two :o 7 help+ ea* o!r to beat ,a1 are n[ cutt+ ea* o!r's ?roats4 ,on ,b's deal1 ,a does n want to eu*re him1 = al?\gh t w\ld w9 ! game = bo? ,a & ,c1 ,a1 :o n[ has #d po9ts up1 does n wi% to divide ! pool ) ,c :ile he has su* a good *ance to w9 x all himself4 ,suppose ,b makes 8 po9t4 ,a w d all he c to eu*re ,c1 b ,b w oppose ! s*eme1 because 8 only *ance = ! game is t ,a w n be able to take up ! trump on 8 own deal1 & t ,b w make a m>*4 ,,set-,,back ,,eu*re4 ,?is is simply a rev]sal ( ! ord9>y me?od ( scor+1 ! play]s />t+ ) a c]ta9 numb] ( po9ts1 usually t51 & d$uct+ :at !y make on ea* deal4 ,! peculi>ity :i* gives ! game its "n is t if a play] is eu*r$ he is set back two po9ts1 8 adv]s>ies c\nt+ no?+4 ,! revoke p5alty is settl$ 9 ! same way4 ,! game is usually c\nt$ ) *ips1 ea* play] />t+ ) t51 & plac+ 9 ! c5tre ( ! table ^? t he is entitl$ to score4 ,,bl9d ,,eu*re4 ,ea* play] is = himself & a wid[ ( two c>ds is dealt4 ,! play] :o takes ! wid[ practically ord]s up ! trump & mu/ play aga9/ all ! o!rs aft] disc>d+ two c>ds4 ,if no "o w take ! wid[1 ! deal is void4 ,,p5alty ,,eu*re4 ,five play]s are ea* provid$ ) twelve c\nt]s4 ,an extra h& ( five c>ds is dealt face d[n1 = a wid[4 ,ea* play] 9 turn c ex*ange ! h& dealt him = ! wid[1 or = ! h& ab&on$ by anyone :o has tak5 ! wid[1 ! c>ds be+ always face d[n4 ,! turn$ trump is n tak5 up by ! deal]1 b is left on ! pack4 ,! elde/ h& leads = ! fir/ trick & e man is = himself1 ea* hold+ 8 own tricks4 ,at ! end ( ! h&1 ea* play] t has n tak5 a trick receives a c\nt] f ea* ( ! o!rs1 :e!r !y h tak5 tricks or n4 ,!n all ^? t h won tricks put back into ! pool a c\nt] = ea* trick !y h tak54 ,! fir/ play] to get rid ( 8 twelve c\nt]s w9s ! game4 ,,auction ,,eu*re4 ,?is =m ( ! game is sometimes errone\sly call$ ,fr5* ,eu*re4 ,! ,fr5* "k no?+ ab\t ,eu*re 9 any =m4 ,auction ,eu*re is exactly ! same z ! ord9>y f\r or six-h&$ game1 except t ! trump is n turn$ up1 ! play]s bidd+ 9 turn = ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit4 ,! bidd] names ! numb] ( tricks he proposes to take4 ,!re is no second bid1 & ! play] :o has made ! highe/ bid names ! trump suit4 ,no matt] :o is ! successful bidd]1 ! elde/ h& leads = ! fir/ trick4 ,! numb] ( po9ts won or lo/ on ! deal are ! numb] ( po9ts bid1 ev5 if ! bidd] accompli%es m4 ,if a play] has bid #c1 & he & 8 p>tn] take #d or #e tricks1 !y c\nt #c only4 ,if !y are eu*r$1 fail+ to make ! numb] ( tricks bid1 ! adv]s>ies c\nt ! numb] ( po9ts bid4 ,fifte5 po9ts is usually ! game4 ,?is is probably ! root ( ! mu* bett] games ( five & sev5-h&$ ,eu*re1 :i* w be describ$ fur!r on4 ,,progressive ,,eu*re4 ,?is =m ( ,eu*re is p>ticul>ly well suit$ to social ga!r+s4 ,its peculi>ity consi/s 9 ! arrangem5t & progression ( a l>ge numb] ( play]s orig9ally divid$ into sets ( f\r1 & play+1 at sep>ate tables1 ! ord9>y f\r-h&$ game4 ,app>atus4 ,a suffici5t numb] ( tables to accommodate ! assembl$ play]s are arrang$ 9 ord]1 & numb]$ consecutively2 ,no4 #a be+ call$ ! head table1 & ! l[e/ ( ! s]ies ! booby table4 ,ea* play] is provid$ ) a blank c>d1 to :i* ! v>i\s col\r$ />s may be atta*$ z !y accrue 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,^! />s are usually ( ?ree col\rs2 r$1 gre51 & gold4 ,! head table is provid$ ) a bell1 & ea* table is suppli$ ) "o pack ( c>ds only4 ,x is usual to sort out ! ?irty-two c>ds us$ 9 play1 & ! f\r small c>ds = m>k]s1 be=e ! arrival ( ! gue/s4 ,draw+ = ,positions4 ,two packs ( diff]5tly col\r$ c>ds are us$1 & f ! two black suits 9 ea* a sequ5ce ( c>ds is sort$ out1 equal 9 l5g? to ! numb] ( tables 9 play4 ,= in/ance3 ,if !re are sixte5 ladies & sixte5 g5tlem51 or ?irty-two play]s 9 all1 !y w fill eight tables1 & all ! clubs & spades f ! ace to ! eight inclusive %\ld be sort$ out4 ,^! are !n ?or\ghly %uffl$ & pres5t$1 face d[n1 to ! play]s to draw f4 ,! ladies take only ! r$-back c>ds1 & ! g5tlem5 only ! blue4 ,! numb] ( pips on ! c>d drawn indicates ! numb] ( ! table at :i* ! play] is to sit1 & ^? draw+ c>ds ( ! same suit are p>tn]s = ! fir/ game4 ,play+4 ,all be+ seat$1 ! deal is cut = at ea* table1 & play beg9s4 ,!re is no cutt+ = p>tn]s1 t be+ settl$ 9 ! orig9al draw+4 ,five po9ts is a game1 & aft] t numb] is rea*$ by ei!r side at ! head table1 ! bell is /ruck4 ,lone h&s are usually b>r$ at ! head table1 s z to give ! o!r tables "t to make a c]ta9 numb] ( po9ts1 & s to avoid ties4 ,^u ! tap ( ! bell all play imm$iately ceases1 ev5 if 9 ! middle ( a deal4 ,if ! play]s at any b ! head table h rea*$ five po9ts be=e ! bell r+s1 !y play on1 c\nt+ all po9ts made until ! bell taps4 ,progress+4 ,! p>tn]s w9n+ ! game at ! head table ea* receive a gold />1 & reta9 _! seats = ! next game4 ,! los+ play]s at ! head table g d[n to ! booby table4 ,all ! w9n+ play]s at ! o!r tables receive r$ />s1 & g to ! table next 9 ord] above1 ^? at table ,no4 #b1 go+ to ,no4 #a4 ,^? los+ & rema9+ at ! booby table ea* receive a gre5 />4 ,*ang+ ,p>tn]s4 ,at all b ! head table ! p>tn]s t progress to ! next table divide1 ! lady :o has j lo/ at ea* table reta9s h] seat1 & takes = h] p>tn] ! g5tleman :o has j arriv$ f ! table bel[4 ,at ! head table ! newly arriv$ pair rema9 z p>tn]s2 b at ! booby table ! play]s :o h j arriv$ f ! head table divide4 ,all be+ seat$1 !y cut = ! deal1 & play is resum$ until ! next bell tap4 ,ties4 ,9 case ( ties 9 po9ts at any table :5 ! bell taps1 ^? hav+ won ! mo/ tricks on ! next h& are decl>$ ! w9n]s4 ,if t is also a tie1 ! ladies cut to decide x1 ! l[e/ cut go+ up4 ,9 cutt+1 ! ace is l[1 & ! jack ranks bel[ ! ,que54 ,prizes4 ,six prizes are usually provid$ = l>ge companies4 ,! lady & g5tleman hav+ ! l>ge/ numb] ( gold />s tak+ ! fir/ prizes2 ! l>ge/ numb] ( r$ />s w9n+ ! second prizes2 & ! l>ge/ numb] ( gre5 />s ! booby prizes4 ,"o play] _c w9 two prizes4 ,9 case ( ties = ! gold />s1 ! accompany+ r$ />s decide x2 if t is also a tie1 ! play] ) ! fewe/ numb] ( gre5 />s w9s2 & if t is /ill a tie1 ! play]s mu/ cut = x4 ,! ho/ess decides ! h\r at :i* play %all cease1 & is ! ref]ee 9 all disputes4 ,,milit>y ,,eu*re4 ,! ho/ess arranges ea* table z a =t1 ) a di/+ui%+ flag & a numb] ( small duplicate flags4 ,! p>tn]s :o sit ,ea/ & ,we/ progress r\nd ! room f table to table1 & play "o game ( five po9ts at ea*1 no lone h&s all[$4 ,! w9n]s ( ea* game get a little flag f ! los]s z a trophy4 ,by ! "t ! ,e & ,w pairs h made ! circuit ( all ! tables & got home aga91 ! game is end$1 ! victors be+ ! =t t has captur$ ! greate/ numb] ( flags4 ,,railroad ,,eu*re4 ,railroad ,eu*re is ! "n giv5 to any =m ( ! f\r-h&$ game 9 :i* e exp$i5t is us$ to make po9ts rapidly4 ,c>ds4 ,a pack ( tw5ty-five c>ds is us$1 all bel[ ! #i be+ delet$1 & ! ,jok] add$4 ,! ,jok] is always ! be/ trump4 ,play]s4 ,!re are f\r play]s1 two be+ p>tn]s aga9/ ! o!r two4 ,p>tn]s1 deal1 & seats are cut = z 9 ! ord9>y game4 ,deal+4 ,! c>ds are di/ribut$ z 9 ! ord9>y game2 b x is usual to agree be=eh& ^u a suit :i* %all be ! trump if ! ,jok] is turn$ up4 ,play+ ,alone4 ,! *ief peculi>ity 9 ,railroad ,eu*re is 9 play+ alone4 ,any play] ann\nc+ to play alone1 :e!r ! deal] or n1 has ! privilege ( pass+ a c>d1 face d[n1 to 8 p>tn]4 ,9 ex*ange = ?is1 b )\t see+ x1 ! p>tn] gives ! be/ c>d 9 8 h& to ! lone play]1 pass+ x to him face d[n4 ,if he has n a trump to give him1 he c pass him an ace1 or ev5 a ,k+4 ,ev5 if ?is c>d is no bett] ?an ! "o disc>d$1 ! lone play] _c refuse x4 ,if ! deal] plays alone1 he has two disc>ds2 ! fir/ 9 ex*ange = 8 p>tn]'s be/ c>d1 & !n ano!r1 9 ex*ange = ! trump c>d1 aft] see+ :at 8 p>tn] c give him4 ,9 ?is second disc>d he may get rid ( ! c>d pass$ to him by 8 p>tn]4 ,if ! deal]'s p>tn] plays alone1 ! deal] may pass him ! turn-up trump1 or any bett] c>d he may h 9 8 h&4 ,any p]son hav+ ann\nc$ to play alone1 ei!r ( 8 adv]s>ies may play alone aga9/ him2 disc>d+ & tak+ p>tn]'s be/ c>d 9 ! same mann]4 ,%\ld ! lone play] :o makes ! trump be eu*r$ by ! lone play] oppos+ him1 ! eu*re c\nts f\r po9ts4 ,x is consid]$ imp]ative = a play] hold+ ! ,jok]1 or ! "r b[] gu>d$1 to play alone aga9/ ! lone h&1 tak+ 8 p>tn]'s be/2 = z x is evid5t t ! lone h& _c succe$1 !re is a bett] *ance to eu*re x ) all ! /r5g? 9 "o h& ?an divid$4 ,if any play]1 9 8 prop] turn1 ann\nces to play alone1 & asks = 8 p>tn]'s be/1 ! p>tn] _c refuse2 nei!r c he propose to play alone in/ead4 ,scor+4 ,) ! exception ( ! f\r po9ts = eu*re+ a lone h&1 ! scor+ is exactly ! same z 9 ! ord9>y f\r-h&$ game2 b !re are "o or two v>iations :i* are sometimes agre$ ^u be=eh& 9 ord] to make po9ts /ill m rapidly4 ,laps4 ,if a play] makes m po9ts ?an are necess>y to w9 ! game1 ! additional po9ts are c\nt$ on ! next game1 s t !re is always an inducem5t to play lone h&s1 ev5 ) #d po9ts up4 ,slams4 ,if "o side rea*es five po9ts be=e ! o!r has scor$1 x is a slam1 & c\nts two games4 ,:5 laps & slams are play$1 x is sometimes agre$ t if a p]son plays alone )\t tak+ 8 p>tn]'s be/ c>d1 or ! deal] plays alone )\t tak+ up ! trump or ask+ = 8 p>tn]s be/1 & su* a play] succe$s 9 w9n+ all five tricks ) a pat h&1 x c\nts five po9ts4 ,if he fails to w9 all five tricks1 ! adv]s>ies c\nt "o4 ,if he is eu*r$1 !y c\nt ?ree2 b !y are n p]mitt$ to play alone aga9/ him4 ,jambone4 ,any p]son play+ a lone h& may ann\nce ,jambone1 & expose 8 c>ds face up on ! table4 ,! adv]s>ies !n h me "r to call any c>d !y please1 ei!r = ! lead1 or 9 foll[+ suit2 b !y _c make ! play] revoke1 nor c !y consult1 or 9 any way expose _! h&s4 ,if a lead is requir$1 x mu/ be call$ by ! p]son on ! jambone play]'s left4 ,if a c>d is call$ on a trick1 x mu/ be call$ by ! p]son on ! jambone play]'s "r4 ,if 9 spite ( ^! difficulties ! jambone play] succe$s 9 w9n+ five tricks1 he scores eight po9ts4 ,if he w9s ?ree or f\r only1 he c\nts "o po9t4 ,if he is eu*r$ he loses two4 ,x is n all[able to play alone aga9/ a jambone4 ,jamboree4 ,?is is ! comb9ation ( ! five highe/ trumps 9 "o h&1 & ne$ only be ann\nc$ & %[n to entitle ! hold] to score sixte5 po9ts4 ,if held by ! deal]1 x may be made ) ! assi/ance ( ! turn-up trump2 & any play] may make x ) ! assi/ance ( 8 p>tn]s be/2 b x does n c\nt unless ! hold] ( x has made ! trump4 ,if a play] ) a pat ,jamboree is ord]$ up1 all he c score is a eu*re4 ,z 9 o!r =ms ( ,eu*re1 no "o b ! mak] ( ! trump c play alone1 or ann\nce ,jambone or ,jamboree4 ,lone h&s are v common 9 ,railroad ,eu*re1 & ord]+ up to prev5t lone h&s is common] /ill4 ,,sev5-,,h&$ ,,eu*re4 ,c>ds4 ,sev5-h&$ ,eu*re is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-?ree c>ds1 includ+ ! ,jok]4 ,! c>ds 9 pla9 suits rank z at ,:i/2 b ! ,jok] is always ! be/ trump1 ! "r & left b[]s be+ ! second & ?ird-be/ respectively4 ,c\nt]s4 ,"o :ite & f\r r$ c\nt]s are necess>y4 ,! :ite c\nt] is pass$ to ! left f play] to play] 9 turn1 to indicate ! position ( ! next deal4 ,! r$ c\nt]s are plac$ 9 front ( ! mak] ( ! trump & 8 p>tn]s1 to di/+ui% !m f _! oppon5ts4 ,m>k]s are n us$1 ! score be+ kept on a %eet ( pap]4 ,! score is usually kept by a p]son :o is n play+1 9 ord] t none ( ^? 9 ! game may "k h[ ! v>i\s scores /&4 ,%\ld an outsid] n be available = scor+1 !re are two me?ods3 ,"o is = "o play] to keep ! score = ! :ole table1 :o mu/ in=m any play] ( ! /ate ( ! score if ask$ to d s4 ,! o!r is to h a di% ( c\nt]s on ! table1 ea* play] be+ giv5 ! numb] he w9s f "t to "t4 ,^! %\ld be plac$ 9 "s cov]$ receptacle1 s t !y _c be c\nt$ by _! own]1 & no o!r play] w "k h[ _m he has4 ,z x is v seldom t a successful bid is less ?an five1 & nev] less ?an f\r1 c\nt]s m>k$ z be+ wor? #d1 #e1 #f & #g ea* w answ] e purpose1 & w pay e bid made4 ,cutt+4 ,! play]s draw c>ds f an outspread pack = ! *oice ( seats1 ^? cutt+ ! l[e/ c>ds hav+ ! fir/ *oice4 ,! l[e/ cut ( all deals ! fir/ h&1 pass+ ! :ite c\nt] to ! play] on 8 left1 ^: turn x w be to deal next4 ,ties are decid$ 9 ! usual way4 ,deal+4 ,! c>ds are dealt f left to "r1 two be+ giv5 to ea* play] = ! fir/ r\nd1 !n ?ree1 & !n two aga91 until ea* play] has receiv$ sev5 c>ds4 ,! f\r rema9+ 9 ! pack are !n plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! table1 face d[n1 & =m ! wid[4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,! rules gov]n+ all irregul>ities 9 ! deal are ! same z 9 ord9>y ,eu*re4 ,mak+ ! ,trump4 ,! c>ds dealt1 ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! elde/ h&1 bids a c]ta9 numb] ( po9ts1 at ! same "t nam+ ! suit :i* he wi%es to make ! trump4 ,!re is no second bid1 & ! suit nam$ by ! highe/ bidd] mu/ be ! trump = t deal4 ,! successful bidd] takes ! wid[1 select+ f x :at c>ds he pleases1 & disc>d+ o!rs 9 _! /ead1 s z to re/ore ! numb] ( 8 c>ds to sev54 ,he !n places a r$ c\nt] 9 front ( him1 & *ooses 8 p>tn]s1 pass+ a r$ c\nt] to ea* ( !m4 ,^! c\nt]s mu/ be plac$ 9 front ( ! play]s to di/+ui% !m z belong+ to ! bidd]'s side2 b ! play]s make no *anges 9 _! respective positions at ! table4 ,ea* play] %\ld bid on ! possibilities ( 8 h&1 h[ev] small1 s z to guide ! o!rs 9 _! selection ( p>tn]s4 ,p>tn]s4 ,if ! bidd] has propos$ to take n m ?an five tricks out ( ! sev5 possible1 he *ooses two p>tn]s1 & ^! ?ree play aga9/ ! rema9+ f\r4 ,if he has bid to make six or sev5 tricks he *ooses ?ree p>tn]s1 & ^! f\r play aga9/ ! rema9+ ?ree4 ,p>tn]s _c refuse to play4 ,play+ ,alone4 ,%\ld a play] ?9k he c take all sev5 tricks )\t any p>tn]s1 he may bid t51 :i* w\ld outrank a bid ( sev52 b su* a bid mu/ be made be=e see+ ! wid[4 ,if a play] ?9ks he c w9 all sev5 tricks )\t ei!r wid[ or p>tn]s1 he may bid tw5ty1 :i* is ! highe/ bid possible4 ,:5 tw5ty is bid ! c>ds 9 ! wid[ mu/ rema9 unt\*$4 ,play+4 ,! successful bidd] has ! lead = ! fir/ trick4 ,! g5]al rules = foll[+ suit1 etc41 are ! same z 9 ord9>y ,eu*re4 ,! bidd] takes 9 all ! tricks won by himself & 8 p>tn]s1 & "o ( ! adv]s>ies %\ld ga!r = t side4 ,if a play] on ei!r side revokes1 ! adv]s>ies score ! numb] bid1 & ! h& is ab&on$4 ,scor+4 ,if ! bidd] is successful 9 8 und]tak+1 he & 8 p>tn]s1 if any1 are cr$it$ by ! scor] ) ! numb] ( po9ts bid1 b no m4 ,%\ld a play] bid five1 & 8 side take sev51 x w\ld c\nt !m only five po9ts4 ,if ! play] mak+ ! trump fails to rea* 8 bid1 he is eu*r$1 & ! adv]s>ies are cr$it$ ) ! numb] ( po9ts bid4 ,prizes4 ,x is usual to give two prizes = ea* table 9 play2 "o = ! highe/ numb] ( po9ts won dur+ ! ev5+1 & "o = ! smalle/ numb]2 ! latt] be+ usually call$ ! 8booby0 prize4 ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play4 ,x is v risky to bid sev5 )\t ! ,jok]1 ! odds be+ #aa to #a aga9/ f9d+ x 9 ! wid[4 ,a bid ( t5 %\ld n be made )\t bo? ,jok] & ,"r ,b[]1 & all ! o!r c>ds w9n]s & trumps4 ,to bid tw5ty1 a play] %\ld h a practically inv9cible h&1 ) at lea/ five w9n+ leads ( trumps4 ,! fir/ bidd]s are always at a disadvantage1 because !y "k no?+ ( ! cont5ts ( ! o!r h&s2 b aft] "o or two play]s h made a bid1 ^? foll[+ !m c judge pretty well h[ ! c>ds lie4 ,= in/ance3 ,! sev5 play]s are ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ,g4 ,a deals1 & ,b bids #b 9 he>ts4 ,c & ,d pass4 ,e bids #c 9 clubs2 & ,f says #d 9 he>ts4 ,x is evid5t t ,f is bidd+ on ,b's (f] 9 he>ts1 & int5ds to *oose him = a p>tn]4 ,g f9ds 9 8 h& f\r good spades & ! ,jok]1 b nei!r ,b[]4 ,he may safely bid #e or #f1 tak+ ,e = a p>tn] if successful1 z ,e v probably has "o or bo? ! black ,b[]s4 ,if he bids #e only1 ! deal]1 ,a1 w\ld h an excell5t *ance to bid #f 9 he>ts1 & to take ,b & ,f = two ( 8 p>tn]s1 & ,g = ! ?ird1 tru/+ to f9d him ) ! ,jok]1 or at lea/ protection 9 "o or bo? black suits4 ,if ! successful bidd] has _h no previ\s bids to guide him 9 8 *oice ( p>tn]s1 he %\ld take ^? :o h ! l[e/ scores1 if ! scores are kn[n2 because x is to 8 advantage to avoid advanc+ ^? :o are p]haps already ahead4 ,:5 ! scores are n kn[n1 !re is no?+ b luck to guide "o1 unless a p]son has a v good memory1 & kn[s :i* play]s are probably beh9d4 ,lead+4 ,if ! successful bidd] wants #f or #g tricks1 & holds ! ,jok]1 he %\ld lead x at once4 ,if he has n ! ,jok]1 he %\ld beg9 ) a l[ trump1 & give 8 p>tn]s a *ance to play ! ,jok] on ! fir/ r\nd4 ,if ! lead] _c exhau/ ! trumps ) "o or two r\nds1 x w sometimes be to 8 advantage to lead any los+ c>d he may h 9 ! pla9 suits1 9 ord] to let 8 p>tn]s w9 ! trick if !y c4 ,9 play+ alone1 x is absolutely necess>y to exhau/ ! trumps be=e op5+ a pla9 suit4 ,p>tn]s %\ld avail !mselves ( ! me?ods common to f\r-h&$ ,eu*re to support "o ano!r 9 trumps & pla9 suits4 ,! disc>d %\ld inv>iably be f weakness if ! play] is ! bidd]'s p>tn]2 & f /r5g?1 if oppos$ to him4 ,,eu*re ,,= ,,five ,,play]s4 ,?is is practically ! same z ! sev5-h&$ game1 b ! pack is r$uc$ to #bh c>ds1 all bel[ ! ,eight 9 ea* suit be+ delet$4 ,! ,jok] is n us$4 ,five c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 by two & ?ree at a "t1 & ! ?ree rema9+ =m ! wid[4 ,! play] bidd+ ?ree tricks takes "o p>tn] only4 ,! play] bidd+ f\r or five tricks1 takes two p>tn]s4 ,a play] :o int5ds to take ! wid[1 b no p>tn]s1 c bid eight & "o :o int5ds to take nei!r wid[ nor p>tn]s c bid fifte54 ,9 ?is =m ( ,eu*re ! scores are g5]ally kn[n1 & #ajj po9ts is game4 ,9 "s clubs x is ! practice = ! successful bidd] to select "o ( 8 p>tn]s by ask+ = ! hold] ( a c]ta9 c>d4 ,= in/ance3 ,b has ! lead1 & has bid five 9 he>ts1 hold+ ! ?ree be/ trumps1 ! club ace1 & a los+ spade4 ,in/ead ( select+ 8 p>tn]s at r&om1 he asks = ! spade ace1 & ! play] hold+ t c>d mu/ say1 8,"h02 ^u :i* ! bidd] w pass him a c\nt]1 m>k+ him z "o ( 8 p>tn]s4 ,,call-,,ace ,,eu*re4 ,9 ?is v>iety ( eu*re1 ea* play] is = himself s f> z ! f9al score goes4 ,! "o :o takes up ! trump or ord]s x up1 or :o makes x aft] x is turn$ d[n1 may call ^u ! be/ c>d ( any suit b ! trump4 ,! play] hold+ ! be/ c>d ( t suit mu/ be 8 p>tn]1 b he does n decl>e himself4 ,:5 ! highe/ c>d ( ! suit ask$ = falls 9 play1 ! p>tn] is disclos$4 ,z ! :ole pack is n dealt out1 x (t5 happ5s t ! ace1 or ev5 bo? ace & k+1 ( ! suit call$ = are 9 ! talon4 ,%\ld x turn out t ! call] has ! highe/ c>d ( ! suit himself1 he has no p>tn]4 ,:5 six play1 #cb c>ds are us$1 & only "o rema9s unkn[n4 ,:5 five play1 ! sev5s are ?r[n out4 ,:5 f\r play1 ! eights are also disc>d$4 ,if ! mak] ( ! trump does n want a p>tn]1 he may ei!r say 8alone0 or he may ask = a suit ( :i* he holds ! ace himself4 ,if ! mak] ( ! trump & 8 p>tn] get ?ree tricks1 !y score #a po9t ea*4 ,if !y w9 all ! tricks1 !y score #c po9ts ea* if !re are five or six 9 ! game2 #b po9ts if !re are n m ?an f\r play]s4 ,if ! p>tn]%ip is eu*r$1 ea* ( ! o!rs at ! table scores #b po9ts4 ,= a lone h&1 w9n+ all five tricks1 ! play] scores a po9t = z _m play]s z !re are at ! table1 includ+ himself4 ,eu*res score #b = e o!r play] b ! lone h&4 ,a lone h& mak+ ?ree or f\r tricks only1 scores #a4 #ejj1 ,,or ,,bid ,,eu*re4 ,9 ?is v>iety ( eu*re1 ! jok] is always us$4 ,:5 !re is a trump suit1 x is ! be/ trump2 b :5 !re are no trumps1 x is a suit by itself1 b /ill a trump4 ,! play] hold+ x _c trump ) x z long z he c foll[ suit2 b :5 he has none ( ! suit l$1 he c trump ) ! jok] if he likes4 ,:5 ! jok] is l$ 9 a no-trump h&1 ! lead] mu/ "n ! suit t he wi%es play$ to x4 ,five hundr$ is suppos$ to be a game = ?ree play]s1 b sometimes two play aga9/ two z p>tn]s4 ,! deal] gives t5 c>ds to ea* play]1 ?ree & !n two at a "t z 9 ! ord9>y game ( eu*re2 b aft] deal+ ! fir/ ?ree c>ds to ea* he lays (f ?ree c>ds face d[n = a wid[4 ,?is wid[ is tak5 9 h& by ! successful bidd]1 :o disc>ds ?ree c>ds 9 its place4 ,! play]s bid = ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit1 or ( play+ )\t any trump b ! jok]4 ,! numb] ( tricks bid mu/ n be less ?an six1 & ! suit mu/ be nam$ at ! same "t4 ,! play] hav+ ! mo/ valuable game1 reg>dless ( ! numb] ( tricks or ! suit1 is ! successful bidd]1 because a bid ( sev5 9 he>ts1 = in/ance1 is wor? m 9 po9ts ?an a bid ( eight 9 clubs1 z w be se5 f ! foll[+ table4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,if trumps are3 #f tricks4#g tricks4#h tricks4#i tricks4#aj tricks4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,spades #dj #hj #abj #afj #bjj ,clubs #fj #abj #ahj #bdj #cjj ,diamonds #hj #afj #bdj #cbj #djj ,he>ts #ajj #bjj #cjj #djj #ejj ,no-trumps #abj #bdj #cfj #dhj #fjj ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,! successful bidd] always leads = ! fir/ trick1 aft] he has tak5 ! wid[ & disc>d$1 & aft] ! h& is play$1 he has ! fir/ c\nt4 ,if he has made z _m z he bid1 he scores x2 b he _c score m ?an he bid unless he succe$s 9 w9n+ e trick4 ,9 t case he scores #bej if 8 bid 0 less ?an #bej2 b if 8 bid 0 m ?an #bej1 he gets no?+ extra = w9n+ e trick4 ,any play] b ! bidd] w9n+ a trick scores t5 po9ts = x1 s x is necess>y = ea* play] to keep sep>ate ! tricks he individually w9s4 ,if ! bidd] fails1 he loses1 or is set back1 z _m po9ts z he bid1 & he scores no?+ = ! tricks he takes1 b he may play ! h& out to prev5t ! o!rs f scor+1 z 8 adv]s>ies /ill get t5 po9ts = ea* trick !y w94 ,five hundr$ po9ts is game1 & z ! bidd] has ! fir/ c\nt he may g out fir/1 ev5 if an adv]s>y has won tricks en\gh to rea* #ejj also4 ,,eu*re ,,laws4 #a4 ,,scor+4 ,a game consi/s ( five po9ts4 ,if ! play]s mak+ ! trump w9 all five tricks1 !y c\nt two po9ts t[>ds game2 if !y w9 ?ree or f\r tricks1 !y c\nt "o po9t2 if !y fail to w9 ?ree tricks1 _! adv]s>ies c\nt two po9ts4 #b4 ,if ! play] mak+ ! trump plays alone1 & makes five tricks1 he c\nts z _m po9ts z !re are play]s 9 ! game3 ,two1 if two play2 ?ree if ?ree play2 f\r if f\r play1 etc4 ,if he w9s ?ree or f\r tricks only1 he c\nts "o2 if he fails to w9 ?ree tricks1 8 adv]s>ies c\nt two4 #c4 ,! ,rubb] is ! be/ ( ?ree games4 ,if ! fir/ two are won by ! same play]s1 ! ?ird game is n play$4 ,! w9n]s ga9 a triple1 or ?ree po9ts1 if _! adv]s>ies h n scor$2 a d\ble1 or two po9ts1 if _! adv]s>ies are less ?an ?ree scor$2 a s+le1 or "o po9t1 if _! adv]s>ies h scor$ ?ree or f\r4 ,! w9n]s ( ! rubb] add two po9ts to ! value ( _! games1 & d$uct ! po9ts made by ! los]s1 if any2 ! rema9d] be+ ! value ( ! rubb]4 #d4 ,,=m+ ,,! ,,table4 ,a ,eu*re table is complete ) six play]s4 ,if m ?an f\r assemble1 !y cut = ! pref]5ce1 ! f\r l[e/ play+ ! fir/ rubb]4 ,p>tn]s & deal are !n cut =1 ! two l[e/ pair+ aga9/ ! two highe/4 ,! l[e/ deals1 & has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 #e4 ,ties4 ,play]s cutt+ c>ds ( equal value cut aga91 b ! new cut decides no?+ b ! tie4 #f4 ,cutt+ ,out4 ,at ! end ( a rubb] ! play]s cut to decide :i* %all give way to ^? await+ _! turn to play4 ,aft] ! second rubb]1 ^? :o h play$ ! greate/ numb] ( consecutive games give way2 ties be+ decid$ by cutt+4 #g4 ,cutt+4 ,9 cutt+1 ! ace is l[1 ! o!r c>ds rank+1 ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g1 ! ,k+ be+ ! highe/4 ,a play] expos+ m ?an "o c>d1 or cutt+ ! ,jok]1 mu/ cut aga94 #h4 ,,%uffl+4 ,e play] has a "r to %uffle ! c>ds1 ! deal] la/4 #i4 ,,deal+4 ,! deal] mu/ pres5t ! pack to ! pone to be cut4 ,at lea/ f\r c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,if a c>d is expos$ 9 cutt+1 ! pack mu/ be re%uffl$1 & cut aga94 ,if ! deal] re%uffles ! pack aft] x has be5 prop]ly cut1 he loses 8 deal4 #aj4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left1 ! deal] mu/ give to ea* play] 9 rotation two c>ds on ! fir/ r\nd1 & ?ree on ! second2 or ?ree to ea* on ! fir/ r\nd1 & two on ! second4 ,five c>ds hav+ be5 giv5 to ea* play] 9 ?is mann]1 ! next c>d is turn$ up = ! trump4 ,! deal passes to ! left4 #aa4 ,!re mu/ be a new deal by ! same deal] if any c>d b ! trump is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 or if ! pack is prov$ incorrect or imp]fect2 b any previ\s scores made ) ! imp]fect pack /& good4 #ab4 ,! adv]s>ies may dem& a new deal if any c>d b ! trump is expos$ dur+ ! deal1 provid$ !y h n t\*$ a c>d4 ,if an adv]s>y exposes a c>d1 ! deal] may elect to deal aga94 ,if a new deal is n dem&$1 c>ds expos$ 9 deal+ _c be call$4 #ac4 ,! adv]s>ies may /op a play] deal+ out ( turn1 or ) ! wrong pack1 provid$ !y d s be=e ! trump c>d is turn$1 aft] :i* ! deal /&s good4 #ad4 ,,misdeal+4 ,a misdeal loses ! deal4 ,x is a misdeal3 ,if ! c>ds h n be5 prop]ly cut2 if ! deal] gives two c>ds to "o play] & ?ree to ano!r 9 ! same r\nd2 if he gives too _m or too few c>ds to any play]2 if he c\nts ! c>ds on ! table1 or ^? rema9+ 9 ! pack2 or if he deals a c>d incorrectly1 & fails to correct ! error be=e deal+ ano!r4 ,if ! deal] is int]rupt$ 9 any mann] by an adv]s>y1 he does n lose 8 deal4 #ae4 ,,! ,,trump ,,c>d4 ,aft] ! trump c>d is turn$1 ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! elde/ h&1 has ! privilege ( pass+1 assi/+1 or ord]+ up ! trump4 ,%\ld a play] pass1 & aft]w>d correct himself by ord]+ up or assi/+1 bo? he & 8 p>tn] may be prev5t$ by ! adv]s>ies f ex]cis+ _! privilege4 ,if a play] calls 8 p>tn]'s att5tion to ! fact t !y are at ! bridge1 bo? lose _! "r to ord] up ! trump4 #af4 ,! deal] may leave ! trump c>d on ! pack until x is got rid ( 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,if ! trump c>d has be5 tak5 up or play$1 any play] may ask1 & mu/ be in=m$ by ! deal]1 :at ! trump suit is2 b any play] nam+ ! trump c>d may be call$ ^u by an adv]s>y to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ trump4 #ag4 ,if ! deal] takes up1 or is ord]$ up1 he mu/ disc>d a c>d f 8 own h&1 plac+ x "u ! rema9d] ( ! pack4 ,hav+ quitt$ su* disc>d1 x _c be tak5 back4 ,if ! deal] has n disc>d$ until he has play$ to ! fir/ trick1 he & 8 p>tn] _c score any po9ts = t h&4 #ah4 ,if ! elde/ h& leads be=e ! deal] has quitt$ 8 disc>d1 ! deal] may am5d 8 disc>d1 b ! elde/ h& _c take back ! c>d l$4 #ai4 ,if ! deal] takes up ! trump to play alone1 he mu/ pass 8 disc>d across ! table to 8 p>tn]4 ,if he fails to d s1 ! adv]s>ies may insi/ t 8 p>tn] play ) him1 prev5t+ ! lone h&4 #bj4 ,,mak+ ,,! ,,trump4 ,if ! deal] does n take up ! trump1 he mu/ place x "u ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 face upw>d1 s t x c be di/9ctly se54 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 !n has ! privilege ( nam+ a new trump suit4 #ba4 ,if any play] names ! suit already turn$ d[n1 he loses 8 "r to "n a suit2 & if he corrects himself1 & names ano!r1 nei!r he nor 8 p>tn] is all[$ to make t suit ! trump4 ,if a play] names a new trump suit out ( 8 prop] turn1 bo? he & 8 p>tn] are =bidd5 to make t suit ! trump4 #bb4 ,if no "o w "n a new trump1 ! deal is void1 & passes to ! next play] on ! deal]'s left4 #bc4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,! ,,h&s4 ,if any play] is f\nd n to h 8 correct numb] ( c>ds1 x is a misdeal2 b if he has play$ to ! fir/ trick ! deal /&s good1 & he _c score any?+ t h&4 #bd4 ,,expos$ ,,c>ds4 ,! foll[+ are expos$ c>ds1 & mu/ be left face up on ! table1 & are liable to be call$ by ! adv]s>ies3 ,i4 ,e c>d fac$ ^u ! table o!rwise ?an 9 ! regul> c\rse ( play4 ,,ii4 ,two or m c>ds play$ to a trick4 ,! adv]s>ies may elect :i* %all be play$4 ,,iii4 ,any c>d nam$ by ! play] hold+ x4 #be4 ,if an adv]s>y ( a p]son play+ alone exposes a c>d1 ! lone play] may ab&on ! h&1 & score ! po9ts4 ,%\ld ! p>tn] ( ! lone play] expose a c>d1 ! adv]s>ies may prev5t ! lone h& by compell+ ! play] 9 error to play ) 8 p>tn]1 leav+ ! expos$ c>d on ! table4 #bf4 ,,call+ ,,expos$ ,,c>ds4 ,! adv]s>y on ! "r ( an expos$ c>d mu/ call x be=e he plays himself4 ,if x w be ! turn ( ! play] hold+ ! expos$ c>d to lead = ! next trick1 ! c>d1 if want$1 mu/ be call$ be=e ! curr5t trick is turn$ & quitt$4 ,%\ld a play] hav+ an expos$ c>d & ! lead1 play f 8 h& be=e ! previ\s trick is turn$ & quitt$1 ! c>d s l$ may also be claim$ z expos$4 #bg4 ,,lead+ ,,& ,,play+ ,,out ,,( ,,turn4 ,if a play] leads :5 x 0 8 p>tn]'s turn1 a suit may be call$ f 8 p>tn]4 ,! dem& mu/ be made by ! la/ play] to ! trick 9 :i* ! suit is call$4 ,if x 0 ! turn ( nei!r to lead1 ! c>d play$ 9 error is expos$4 ,if all h play$ to ! false lead1 ! error _c be rectifi$4 ,if all h n foll[$1 ! c>ds errone\sly play$ mu/ be tak5 back1 b are n liable to be call$4 #bh4 ,if an adv]s>y ( a lone play] leads out ( turn1 ! lone play] may ab&on ! h&1 & score ! po9ts4 #bi4 ,if ! ?ird h& plays be=e ! second1 ! f\r? h& may play be=e 8 p>tn]1 ei!r ( 8 own volition1 or at ! direction ( ! second h&1 :o may say3 8,play1 p>tn]40 ,if ! f\r? h& plays be=e ! second1 ! ?ird h& may call ^u ! second h& to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit l$1 or to trump or n to trump ! trick4 #cj4 ,,revok+4 ,a revoke is a r5\nce 9 error1 n correct$ 9 "t2 or non-compliance ) a p]=mable p5alty4 ,if a revoke is claim$ & prov$1 ! h& 9 :i* x occurs is imm$iately ab&on$4 ,! adv]s>ies ( ! revok+ play] !n h ! option ( add+ two po9ts to _! own score1 or d$uct+ two po9ts f 8 score4 ,if bo? sides revoke1 ! deal is void4 ,if "o p]son is play+ alone1 ! p5alty = a revoke is z _m po9ts z w\ld h be5 scor$ if ! lone h& _h succe$$4 #ca4 ,a revoke may be correct$ by ! play] mak+ x be=e ! trick 9 :i* x occurs has be5 turn$ & quitt$1 unless ! revok+ play] or 8 p>tn]1 :e!r 9 8 "r turn or o!rwise1 has l$ or play$ to ! foll[+ trick4 #cb4 ,if a play] corrects 8 mi/ake 9 "t to save a revoke1 ! c>d play$ 9 error is expos$2 b any c>ds subsequ5tly play$ by o!rs may be tak5 back )\t p5alty4 #cc4 ,,play+ ,,alone4 ,no "o b ! individual mak] ( ! trump c play alone4 #cd4 ,! deal] mu/ ann\nce 8 int5tion to play alone by pass+ 8 disc>d ov] to 8 p>tn]4 ,any o!r play] int5d+ to play alone mu/ use ! expression 8alone0 9 connection ) 8 ord]+ up or mak+ ! trump2 z1 8,i ord] x1 alone20 or 8,i make x he>ts1 alone40 #ce4 ,! p>tn] ( a play] :o has ann\nc$ to play alone mu/ lay 8 c>ds on ! table1 face d[n4 ,%\ld he expose any ( 8 c>ds1 ! adv]s>ies may prev5t ! lone h&1 & compel him to play ) 8 p>tn]1 ! expos$ c>d be+ left on ! table & liable to be call$4 #cf4 ,! lone play] is n liable to any p5alty = expos$ c>ds1 nor = a lead out ( turn4 #cg4 ,%\ld ei!r adv]s>y lead or play out ( turn1 ! lone play] may ab&on ! h&1 & score ! po9ts4 #ch4 ,,miscellane\s4 ,no play] is all[$ to see any trick t has once be5 turn$ & quitt$1 "u p5alty ( hav+ a suit call$ f him or 8 p>tn]4 #ci4 ,any play] may ask ! o!rs to indicate ! c>ds play$ by !m to ! curr5t trick4 #dj4 ,a play] call+ att5tion 9 any mann] to ! trick or to ! score1 may be call$ ^u to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit l$2 or to trump or n to trump ! trick dur+ ! play ( :i* ! rem>k 0 made4 ,,c>t4 c>t is usually describ$ z a v simple game1 b un=tunately ! rules gov]n+ x are v complicat$1 & z no au?oritative code ( law exi/s1 disputes ab\t trifl+ irregul>ities are v common4 ,9 ! foll[+ directions ! au?or has select$ :at appe>s to be ! be/ ,fr5* usage4 ,! code ( laws adopt$ by "s ( ! ,engli% clubs is un=tunately v defective1 & 9 _m respects q out ( t\* ) ! true _s ( ! ,fr5* game4 ,! ,engli% are v fond ( p5alties2 ! ,fr5* try to e/abli% ! /atus quo4 ,,c>ds4 c>t is play$ ) a pack ( ?irty-two c>ds1 :i* rank1 ,k ,q ,j ,a #aj #i #h #g4 ,:5 two packs are us$1 ! adv]s>y %uffles "o :ile ! o!r is dealt4 ,,m>k]s4 ,9 ,france1 ! game is always m>k$ ) ! ord9>y r\nd *ips or c\nt]s1 nev] ) a m>k]4 ,z five po9ts is ! game1 f\r ( ^! c\nt]s are necess>y = ea* play]4 ,,play]s4 c>t is play$ by two p]sons1 :o sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,"o is kn[n z ! deal]1 & ! o!r z ! pone1 ! adv]s>y1 ! eld] h&1 ! non-deal]1 ! lead]1 or ! play]4 ,,! ,,gall]y4 ,9 clubs t make a feature ( c>t1 & 9 :i* !re is a great deal ( bett+ on ! outside by ! spectators1 x is n usual to all[ m ?an "o game betwe5 ! same play]s1 ! los] giv+ place to "o ( ^? :o h be5 back+ him1 & :o is call$ a r5trant4 ,?is is kn[n z play+ ! cul-lev4 ,any p]son 9 ! gall]y is all[$ to draw att5tion to errors 9 ! score1 & may advise ! play] he is back+1 or ev5 play out ! game = him1 if he resigns4 ,! play] ne$ n take ! advice giv5 him1 :i* mu/ be (f]$ )\t discussion1 & by po9t+ only1 n nam+ ! suit or c>ds4 ,if a play] w n all[ ! gall]y to back him1 tak+ all bets himself1 no "o may ov]look 8 h& nor advise him )\t 8 p]mission1 & he ne$ n retire if he loses ! game4 ,,cutt+4 ,! play] cutt+ ! highe/ c>t c>d deals ! fir/ h&1 & has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,if a p]son exposes m ?an "o c>d 9 cutt+1 ! l[e/ is tak5 to be 8 cut4 ,if he does n cut1 or w n %[ 8 cut1 he loses ! fir/ deal4 ,,/akes4 c>t is play$ = s mu* a game4 ,if ! gall]y is bett+1 all money (f]$ mu/ be plac$ on ! table1 & if ! bets are n tak5 by ! play]s1 !y may be cov]$ by ! oppos+ gall]y4 ,,deal+4 ,x is usual = ! deal] to invite 8 adv]s>y to %uffle ! c>ds1 b if two packs are us$ ?is is n necess>y4 ,! deal] mu/ %uffle ! pack & pres5t x to 8 adv]s>y to be cut4 ,at lea/ two c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet1 & ! upp] "p ( ! pack mu/ be plac$ ne>] ! deal]4 ,five c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]1 & ! elev5? is turn$ up = ! trump4 ,! c>ds are di/ribut$ two & ?ree at a "t1 or ?ree & !n two1 & 9 :i*ev] mann] ! deal] beg9s he mu/ cont9ue dur+ ! game4 ,if he int5ds to *ange 8 mann] ( deal+ 9 ! foll[+ game1 he mu/ s advise 8 adv]s>y :5 pres5t+ ! c>ds to be cut4 ,,misdeal+4 ,a play] deal+ out ( turn1 or ) ! wrong c>ds1 may be /opp$ be=e ! trump is turn$4 ,b if ! trump has be5 turn$1 & nei!r play] has disc>d$ or play$ to ! fir/ trick1 ! pack mu/ be set aside1 ) ! c>ds z dealt1 & ! trump turn$1 to be us$ = ! ensu+ deal4 ,! o!r pack is !n tak5 up & dealt by ! play] ^: prop] turn x 0 to deal4 ,if a disc>d has be5 made1 or a trick play$ to1 ! deal /&s good1 & ! packs1 if *ang$1 mu/ s rema94 ,!re mu/ be a new deal if any c>d b ! elev5? is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack4 ,if ! deal] exposes any ( 8 own c>ds1 ! deal /&s good4 ,if he exposes any ( 8 adv]s>y's c>ds1 ! non-deal] may claim a fre% deal1 provid$ he has n se5 any ( 8 c>ds4 ,x is a misdeal if ! deal] gives too _m or too few c>ds to 8 adv]s>y or to himself4 ,if ! h&s h n be5 se51 & ! pone discov]s t he has receiv$ m ?an five c>ds1 he has ! *oice to disc>d ! sup]flu\s c>ds at haz>d1 or to claim a misdeal1 :i* loses ! deal4 ,if ! pone has receiv$ less ?an ! prop] numb]1 he may supply ! defici5cy f ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 )\t *ang+ ! trump c>d1 or he may claim a misdeal4 ,if ! deal] has giv5 himself too _m or too few c>ds1 ! pone may claim a misdeal1 or he may draw ! sup]flu\s c>ds f ! deal]'s h&1 face d[nw>d1 or all[ him to supply ! defici5cy f ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 )\t *ang+ ! trump4 ,if ! c>ds h be5 se51 ! pone1 hav+ an incorrect numb]1 may supply or disc>d to correct ! error1 or he may claim a misdeal4 ,if he disc>ds1 he mu/ %[ ! c>ds to ! deal]4 ,if ! deal] has an incorrect numb]1 ! pone may draw f 8 h&1 face d[nw>d1 look+ at ! c>ds he has drawn1 7z ! deal] has se5 !m17 or all[ him to supply ! defici5cy1 or claim a misdeal4 ,:5 any irregul>ity is rem$i$ 9 ?is mann]1 ! trump c>d rema9s un*ang$4 ,if ! deal] turns up m ?an "o c>d = ! trump1 8 adv]s>y has a "r to select :i* c>d %all be ! trump1 or he may claim a new deal by ! same deal]1 provid$ he has n se5 8 h&4 ,if he has se5 8 h&1 he mu/ ei!r claim a misdeal1 or ! elev5? c>d mu/ be ! trump1 ! o!r expos$ c>d be+ set aside4 ,if ! pack is f\nd to be imp]fect1 all scores previ\sly made ) x /& good4 ,,turn+ ,,! ,,k+4 ,if ! ,k+ is turn$ up1 ! deal] m>ks "o po9t = x imm$iately4 ,if a wrong numb] ( c>ds has be5 dealt1 & a ,k+ is turn$1 x _c be scor$1 because x 0 n ! elev5? c>d4 ,,propos+ ,,& ,,refus+4 ,! c>ds dealt1 ! pone exam9es 8 h&1 & if he ?9ks x /rong en\gh to w9 ?ree or m tricks1 he /&s2 t is1 plays )\t propos+1 & says to ! deal]3 8,i play40 ,if he ?9ks he c improve 8 *ances by draw+ c>ds1 all[+ ! deal] ! same privilege ( c\rse1 he says3 8,i propose20 or simply3 8,c>ds40 ,9 reply ! deal] may ei!r accept ! proposal by ask+3 8,h[ _m80 or he may refuse1 by say+3 8,play40 ,if he gives c>ds1 he may also take c>ds himself1 aft] hav+ help$ 8 adv]s>y4 ,if he refuses1 he mu/ w9 at lea/ ?ree tricks or lose two po9ts2 & if ! pone plays )\t propos+1 he mu/ make ?ree tricks1 or lose two po9ts4 ,! h&s on :i* a play] %\ld /&1 & ^? on :i* ! deal] %\ld refuse are kn[n z jeux de rgle1 & w be f\nd 9 ! sugge/ions = good play4 ,a proposal1 acceptance1 or refusal once made _c be *ang$ or tak5 back1 & ! numb] ( c>ds ask$ = _c be correct$4 ,,disc>d+4 ,if ! pone proposes1 & ! deal] asks3 8,h[ _m80 ! eld] h& disc>ds any numb] ( c>ds f "o to five1 plac+ !m on 8 "r4 ,^! disc>ds1 once quitt$1 mu/ n aga9 be look$ at4 ,a play] look+ at 8 own or 8 adv]s>y's disc>ds c be call$ ^u to play ) 8 c>ds expos$ face upw>d on ! table1 b n liable to be call$4 ,! numb] ( c>ds disc>d$ mu/ be di/9ctly ann\nc$1 & ! trump is !n laid aside1 & ! c>ds giv5 f ! top ( ! pack1 )\t fur!r %uffl+4 ,x is consid]$ imp]ative t ! play] :o has propos$ %\ld take at lea/ "o c>d1 ev5 if he propos$ ) five trumps 9 8 h&4 ,! pone help$1 ! deal] !n ann\nces h[ _m c>ds he takes1 plac+ 8 disc>ds on 8 left4 ,! deal]1 if ask$1 mu/ in=m 8 adv]s>y h[ _m c>ds he took1 provid$ ! "q is put be=e he plays a c>d4 ,aft] receiv+ 8 c>ds1 ! pone may ei!r /& or propose aga91 & ! deal] may ei!r give or refuse2 b su* subsequ5t /&s or refusals d n c>ry ) !m any p5alty = failure to make ?ree tricks4 ,%\ld ^! repeat$ disc>ds exhau/ ! pack1 s t !re are n en\gh c>ds left to supply ! numb] ask$ =1 ! play]s mu/ take back a suffici5t numb] f _! disc>ds4 ,if ! deal] has accept$ a proposal1 & f9ds !re are no c>ds left = himself1 t is 8 own fault2 he %\ld h c\nt$ ! pack be=e accept+4 ,! trump c>d _c be tak5 into ! h& "u any circum/ances4 ,,misdeal+ ,,aft] ,,disc>d+4 ,if ! deal] gives ! pone m or less c>ds ?an he asks =1 he loses ! po9t & ! "r to m>k ! ,k+1 unless x 0 turn$ up4 ,if ! deal] gives himself m c>ds ?an he wants1 he loses ! po9t & ! "r to m>k ! ,k+1 unless he turn$ x up4 ,if he gives himself less c>ds ?an he wants1 he may make ! defici5cy good )\t p5alty2 b if he does n discov] ! error until he has play$ a c>d1 all tricks = :i* he has no c>d to play mu/ be consid]$ z won by 8 adv]s>y4 ,if ! pone asks = m c>ds ?an he wants1 ! deal] c play ! h& or n1 z he pleases4 ,if he plays1 he may draw ! sup]flu\s c>d or c>ds giv5 to ! pone1 & look at !m if ! pone has se5 !m4 ,if ! deal] decides n to play1 he m>ks ! po9t4 ,9 ei!r case ! pone _c m>k ! ,k+1 ev5 if he holds x4 ,if ! pone asks = less c>ds ?an he wants1 he mu/ play ! h& z x is1 & c m>k ! ,k+ if he holds x2 b all tricks = :i* he has no c>d to play mu/ be consid]$ z won by 8 adv]s>y4 ,if a play] plays )\t disc>d+1 or disc>ds = ! purpose ( ex*ang+1 )\t advis+ 8 adv]s>y ( ! fact t he has too _m or too few c>ds1 he loses two po9ts1 & ! "r ( m>k+ ! ,k+1 ev5 if turn$ up4 ,if ei!r play]1 aft] disc>d+ & draw+1 plays ) m ?an five c>ds1 he loses ! po9t & ! privilege ( m>k+ ! ,k+4 ,%\ld ! deal] =get himself 9 deal+ = ! disc>d1 & turn up ano!r trump1 he _c refuse 8 adv]s>y ano!r disc>d1 if he dem&s x1 & ! expos$ c>d mu/ be put aside ) ! disc>ds4 ,if any c>ds are f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack :5 deal+ = ! disc>d1 ! deal /&s good if !y w fall to ! deal]4 ,b if ! expos$ c>d w g to ! pone1 he has ! option ( tak+ x1 or claim+ a fre% deal by ! same deal]4 ,dur+ all ! disc>ds ! trump c>d rema9s ! same4 ,,m>k+ ,,! ,,k+4 ,! disc>ds settl$1 ! fir/ & mo/ important ?+ be=e play beg9s is to m>k ! ,k+4 ,if ! ,k+ is turn$ up1 ! deal] m>ks "o po9t = x imm$iately4 ,if ! pone holds x1 he mu/ ann\nce & m>k x be=e he plays a c>d4 ,if he leads ! ,k+ = ! fir/ trick1 he mu/ /ill ann\nce x by say+ di/9ctly3 8,i m>k ! ,k+20 & unless ?is ann\ncem5t is made be=e ! ,k+ t\*es ! table1 x _c be m>k$4 ,s important is ?is rule t 9 "s ,european ,cas9os x is f\nd pr9t$ on ! c>d tables4 ,hav+ prop]ly ann\nc$ ! ,k+1 x may be actually m>k$ ) ! c\nt]s at any "t be=e ! trump is turn$ = ! foll[+ game4 ,if ! deal] holds ! ,k+ he mu/ ann\nce x be=e 8 adv]s>y leads = ! fir/ trick4 ,x is 9 ord] t !re may be no surprises 9 ?is respect t ! eld] h& is requir$ to say di/9ctly3 8,i play10 be=e he leads a c>d4 ,! deal] mu/ !n reply3 8,i m>k ! ,k+10 if he has x2 if n1 he %\ld say3 8,play40 ,a play] is n compell$ to ann\nce or m>k ! ,k+ if he does n *oose to d s4 ,if a play] ann\nces & m>ks ! ,k+ :5 he does n hold x1 8 adv]s>y c take d[n ! po9t errone\sly m>k$1 & m>k "o himself1 = p5alty4 ,?is does n prev5t him f m>k+ an additional po9t = ! ,k+ if he holds x himself4 ,= in/ance3 ,! pone ann\nces ,k+1 & m>ks x1 at ! same "t lead+ a c>d4 ,n hav+ notifi$ ! deal] t he 0 ab\t to play1 ! deal] _c be depriv$ ( 8 "r to m>k ! ,k+ himself1 if he holds x4 ,! deal] m>ks ! ,k+1 m>ks ano!r po9t = p5alty1 & takes d[n ! pone's po9t1 errone\sly m>k$4 ,if ! play] ann\nc+ ! ,k+ )\t hold+ x1 discov]s 8 error be=e a c>d is play$1 he simply am5ds ! score & apologizes1 & !re is no p5alty4 ,if any c>ds h be5 play$ aft] an errone\s ann\ncem5t ( ! ,k+1 su* c>ds c be tak5 back by ! adv]s>y ( ! play] 9 error1 & ! h& play$ ov] aga94 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! eld] h& beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases1 at ! same "t ann\nc+ ! suit2 8he>ts20 8spades20 or :atev] x may be4 ,?is ann\ncem5t mu/ be cont9u$ at e trick4 ,if a play] ann\nces "o suit & leads ano!r1 8 adv]s>y may dem& t he take back ! c>d play$1 & lead ! suit ann\nc$4 ,if he has none ( ! ann\nc$ suit1 ! adv]s>y may call a suit4 ,if ! adv]s>y is satisfi$ ) ! c>d l$1 b improp]ly ann\nc$1 he may dem& t x rema9 z play$4 ,,r5\nc+4 ,:5 a c>d is l$ ! adv]s>y mu/ n only foll[ suit1 b mu/ w9 ! trick if he c4 ,if he c nei!r foll[ suit nor trump1 he may disc>d any c>d he pleases4 ,%\ld a play] n foll[ suit1 or %\ld he decl9e to w9 ! trick1 :5 able to d s1 x is a r5\nce1 & if he makes ! odd trick he c\nts no?+2 if he makes all five tricks1 he c\nts "o po9t only1 in/ead ( two4 ,%\ld he trump ! trick :5 he c foll[ suit1 he is subject to ! same p5alty4 ,!re is no su* ?+ z a revoke 9 ,ec>t4 ,:5 x is discov]$ t a play] has n foll[$ suit :5 able1 or has lo/ a trick t he c\ld h won1 ! c>ds are tak5 back1 & ! h& play$ ov] aga91 ) ! =ego+ p5alty = ! r5\nce4 ,! highe/ c>d play$1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,lead+ ,out ( ,turn4 ,%\ld a play] lead out ( turn1 he may take back ! c>d )\t p5alty4 ,if ! adv]s>y has play$ to ! errone\s lead1 ! trick /&s good4 ,ga!r+ ,tricks4 ,! tricks mu/ be turn$ d[n z tak5 91 & any play] look+ at a trick once turn$ & quitt$ may be call$ ^u to play ) ! rema9d] ( 8 h& expos$1 b n liable to be call$4 ,ab&on$ ,h&s4 ,if1 aft] tak+ "o or m tricks1 a play] ?r[s 8 c>ds ^u ! table1 he loses ! po9t2 if he has n tak5 a trick1 he loses two po9ts4 ,b if ! c>ds are ?r[n d[n claim+ ! po9t or ! game1 & ! claim is good1 !re is no p5alty4 ,if ! c>ds are ab&on$ ) ! admission t ! adv]s>y w9s ! po9t or ! game1 & ! adv]s>y _c w9 m ?an is admitt$1 !re is no p5alty4 ,,scor+4 ,a game consi/s ( five po9ts1 :i* are made by tricks1 by p5alties1 & by m>k+ ! ,k+4 ,a play] w9n+ ?ree tricks out ( ! five possible1 c\nts "o po9t t[>d game2 w9n+ all five tricks1 :i* is call$ ! vole1 c\nts two po9ts4 ,! play] hold+ or turn+ up ! ,k+ ( trumps may m>k "o po9t = x1 b he is n compell$ to d s4 ,if ! pone plays )\t propos+1 & makes ?ree or f\r tricks1 he c\nts "o po9t2 if he makes ! vole he c\nts two po9ts2 b if he fails to make ?ree tricks ! deal] c\nts two4 ,if ! deal] refuses ! fir/ proposal1 he mu/ make ?ree tricks to c\nt "o po9t2 if he makes ! vole he c\nts two po9ts2 b if he fails to w9 ?ree tricks ! play] :o 0 refus$ c\nts two po9ts4 ,if ! deal] accepts ! fir/ proposal1 & gives c>ds1 subsequ5t proposals & refusals d n affect ! score2 ! w9n] ( ! odd trick scor+ "o po9t1 & ! w9n] ( ! vole two po9ts4 ,9 no case c a play] make m ?an two po9ts 9 "o h& by tricks4 ,if ! deal] refuses ! fir/ proposal1 & ! pone makes ! vole1 x c\nts two po9ts only4 ,if ! pone %\ld play )\t propos+1 & ! deal] %\ld m>k ! ,k+ & w9 ! vole1 x w\ld c\nt him only ?ree po9ts altoge!r4 ,! play] fir/ rea*+ five po9ts w9s ! game4 ,if a play] has f\r scor$1 & turns ! ,k+1 t w9s ! game1 provid$ ! ,k+ 0 ! elev5? c>d4 ,rubb]s are seldom play$4 ,,*eat+4 ,! me?ods ( *eat+ at c>t w\ld fill a volume4 ,!re are _m tricks :i*1 :ile n exactly fraudul5t1 are c]ta9ly que/ionable4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] asks ! gall]y :e!r or n he %\ld /&1 & f9ally concludes to propose1 fully int5d+ all ! "t to draw five c>ds4 ,ano!r w h&le 8 c\nt]s z if ab\t to m>k ! ,k+2 w !n affect to hesitate1 & f9ally re-adju/ !m1 & ask = c>ds1 probably tak+ f\r or five1 hav+ absolutely no?+ 9 8 h&4 ,! pone w ask ! deal] h[ _m po9ts he has m>k$1 kn[+ p]fectly well t ! numb] is ?ree4 ,on be+ s in=m$1 he concludes to ask = c>ds1 z if he 7 n q /rong en\gh to risk ! game by /&+2 :5 z a matt] ( fact he wants five c>ds1 & is afraid ( ! vole be+ made aga9/ him4 ,!re are _m simple little tricks practic$ by ! w\ld-be %>p]1 su* z wat*+ h[ _m c>ds a play] habitually cuts1 & !n gett+ ! f\r ,k+s close toge!r 9 su* a position 9 ! pack t "o ( !m is almo/ c]ta9 to be turn$4 ,telegraphic signals betwe5 p]sons on opposite sides ( ! gall]y :o are nev]!less 9 p>tn]%ip1 are (t5 translat$ into advice to ! play]1 to 8 great b5efit4 ,besides ^!1 all ! ma*9]y ( m>k$ c>ds1 reflectors1 %ift$ cuts1 w$ges1 /ripp]s1 & false %uffles are at ! comm& ( ! philosoph]1 :o c always h&le a small pack ( c>ds ) great] fre$om1 & to :om ! fa%ion ( deal+ 9 twos & ?rees is always welcome4 ,! hone/ c>d-play] has n "o *ance 9 a ?\s& aga9/ ! pr(essional at c>t4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,! ,fr5* claim t any p]son may become an exp]t at a game l ,piquet1 simply by d9t ( long practice2 b t ! ma/] ( c>t mu/ be a born c>d-play]1 z no game requires 9 su* degree ! ex]cise ( individual intellig5ce & f9esse4 ,:ile ?is may be true1 !re are _m po9ts ab\t ! game :i* may be le>n$ by ! novice1 & :i* w greatly improve 8 play4 ,!re are two ?+s :i* ! beg9n] %\ld ma/] be=e sitt+ d[n to ! table = actual play3 ! h&s on :i* x is "r to /&1 or play )\t propos+1 & ^? ) :i* x is "r to refuse1 or play )\t giv+ c>ds4 ,^! are call$ /& h&s1 or jeux de rgle1 & ! play] %\ld be able to recognize !m on sight4 ,9 ! foll[+ p>agraphs ! words deal] & play] w be us$ to di/+ui% ! adv]s>ies at c>t4 ,! pr9ciple und]ly+ ! jeux de rgle is ! probable di/ribution ( ! c>ds 9 ! trump suit1 & ! fact t ! odds are always aga9/ ! deal]'s hold+ two or m4 ,!re are ?irty-two c>ds 9 ! c>t pack1 ( :i* eight are trumps1 & "o ( ^! is always turn$ up4 ,! turn-up & ! play]'s h& give u six c>ds :i* are kn[n1 & leave tw5ty-six unkn[n4 ,( ^! unkn[n c>ds ! deal] holds five1 & he may get ^! five 9 #fe1ghj diff]5t ways4 ,! !ory ( ! jeux de rgle is t !re are only a c]ta9 numb] ( ^? ways :i* w give him two or m trumps4 ,if ! play] holds "o trump1 ! odds aga9/ ! deal]'s hold+ two or m are #dd1egd to #ba1bjf2 or a little m ?an #b to #a4 ,if ! play] holds two trumps1 ! odds aga9/ ! deal]'s hold+ two or m are #ej1bgd to #ae1ejf2 or m ?an #c to #a4 ,x is !re=e evid5t t any h& :i* is c]ta9 to w9 ?ree tricks if ! deal] has n two trumps1 has odds ( two to "o 9 its fav\r1 & all su* h&s are call$ jeux de rgle4 ,! natural inf]5ce f ?is is t su* h&s %\ld always be play$ )\t propos+1 unless !y conta9 ! ,k+ ( trumps4 ,! exception 9 case ( hold+ ! ,k+ is made because !re is no dang] ( ! deal]'s gett+ ! ,k+1 no matt] h[ _m c>ds he draws1 & if ! play]'s c>ds are n /rong en\gh to make x probable t he c w9 ! vole1 x is bett] = him to ask = c>ds1 9 hope ( improv+ 8 *ances4 ,if he is refus$1 he /&s an excell5t *ance to make two po9ts by w9n+ ! odd trick4 ,:ile x is ! rule = ! play] to /& :5 ! odds are two to "o 9 8 fav\r = mak+ ! odd trick1 & to ask = c>ds :5 ! odds are less1 !re are exceptions4 ,! *ances ( improv+ by tak+ 9 c>ds mu/ n be =gott51 & x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! play] :o proposes runs no risk ( p5alty4 ,he has also ! advantage ( scor+ two = ! vole if he c get c>ds en\gh to w9 e trick1 :]eas ! deal] gets no m = ! vole ?an = ! odd trick if ! play] does n propose4 ,"s beg9n]s h a bad habit ( ask+ = c>ds if !y are pretty c]ta9 ( ! po9t4 ,unless !y hold ! ,k+ ?is is n wise1 = ! play] _c disc>d m ?an "o or two c>ds1 b ! deal] may take five1 & !n /&s a fair *ance ( gett+ ! ,k+1 :i* w\ld n only c\nt a po9t = him1 b w\ld effectually /op ! vole = :i* ! play] 0 draw+ c>ds4 ,! mo/ obvi\s example ( a jeux de rgle is "o trump1 a w9n+ sequ5ce ( ?ree c>ds 9 "o suit1 & a small c>d 9 ano!r4 ,= in/ance3 ,he>ts trumps-- #a ,illu/ration3 #dd1gbd to #ba1jef4 ,if ! deal] does n hold two trumps1 x is impossible to prev5t ! play] f w9n+ ! po9t ) ^! c>ds2 because he ne$ only lead 8 w9n+ sequ5ce until x is trump$1 & !n trump himself 9 aga94 ,) ?is h& ! play] w w9 #dd1gbd times out ( #fe1ghj4 ,!re are ab\t tw5ty h&s :i* are g5]ally kn[n z jeux de rgle1 & e c>t play] %\ld be famili> ) !m4 ,9 ! foll[+ examples ! weake/ h&s are giv51 & ! trumps are always ! smalle/ possible4 ,if ! play] has m /r5g? 9 pla9 suits ?an is %[n 9 ^! examples1 or high] trumps1 !re is s mu* m reason = him to /&4 ,b if he has n ! /r5g? indicat$ 9 pla9 suits1 he %\ld propose1 ev5 if 8 trumps are high]1 because x mu/ be rememb]$ t /rong trumps d n comp5sate = weakness 9 pla9 suits4 ,! reason = ?is is t f /& h&s trumps %\ld nev] be l$ unless !re are ?ree ( !m2 !y are to be kept = ruff+1 & :5 y h to ruff x does n matt] :e!r y use a sev5 or a ,que54 ,! ,k+ ( trumps is ( c\rse l$2 b a play] does n /& on a h& conta9+ ! ,k+4 ,! fir/ suit giv5 is always ! trump1 & ! next suit is always ! "o t %\ld be l$1 beg9n+ ) ! be/ c>d ( x if !re is m ?an "o4 ,! figures on ! "r %[ ! numb] ( h&s 9 :i* ! play] or ! deal] w w9 out ( ! #fe1ghj possible di/ributions ( ! tw5ty-six unkn[n c>ds4 ,^! calculations are tak51 by p]mission ( ,mr4 ,*>les ,mossop1 f ! eigh? volume ( ! 8,we/m9/] ,pap]s10 9 :i* all ! v>iations & _! results are giv5 9 full4 ,,play] ,,w9s4 ,,deal] ,,w9s4 #b ,illu/ration3 #dg1gfh #ah1jab #c ,illu/ration3 #df1jci #ai1gda #d ,illu/ration3 #dc1gfd #bb1jaf #e ,illu/ration3 #de1cgd #bj1djf #f ,illu/ration3 #dd1afi #ba1faa #g ,illu/ration3 #dc1dgh #bb1cjb #h ,illu/ration3 #dd1bdc #ba1ecg #i ,illu/ration3 #dd1gff #ba1jad #aj ,illu/ration3 #dd1dei #ba1cba #aa ,illu/ration3 #dd1jcd #ba1gdf #ab ,illu/ration3 #dc1dcd #bb1cdf #ac ,illu/ration3 #dd1gff #ba1jad #ad ,illu/ration3 #df1ggi #ai1jja #ae ,illu/ration3 #de1ibi #ai1hea ,! play] %\ld always /& on a h& conta9+ ?ree trumps1 n includ+ ! ,k+1 & %\ld lead ! trump3-- #af ,illu/ration3 #db1jad to #bc1gff ,an example ( a h& conta9+ only "o trump has already be5 giv51 & "s h&s are jeux de rgle :i* conta9 no trumps4 ,! /ronge/ ( ^! is ! ,k+ ( ea* pla9 suit1 & any que54 ,lead ! ,k ,q suit3-- #ag ,illu/ration3 #dh1jdb to #ag1gch ,! odds 9 fav\r ( ?is h& are great] ?an 9 any o!r jeux de rgle4 ,ano!r :i* is recomm5d$ by ,bohn is ?is1 ! odds 9 fav\r ( :i* h n be5 calculat$2 ! play] to beg9 ) ! gu>d$ ,k+3-- #ah ,illu/ration3 ,ano!r is any f\r c\rt c>ds1 n all ,jacks2 unless "o is ! trump ,jack gu>d$4 ,f ! example ! ,que5 %\ld be l$3-- #ai ,illu/ration3 ,!re are two h&s :i* are usually play$ ) only "o trump1 f bo? ( :i* ! be/ c>d ( ! long suit is l$3-- #bj ,illu/ration3 #ba ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,lead]4 ,!re are a great _m m opportunities to make ! vole ?an mo/ play]s are aw>e (2 especially ) jeux de rgle4 ,:]e ! vole is improbable or impossible1 t5ace is v important1 & all t5ace positions %\ld be made ! mo/ (4 ,9 ,no4 #e1 = in/ance1 if ! clubs 7 ! ,que5 & ace1 x w\ld be bett] to beg9 ) ! he>t ,k+1 in/ead ( lead+ away f ! m9or t5ace 9 clubs4 ,obs]ve ! lead 9 ,no4 #d4 ,_m t5ace positions _c be tak5 advantage ( because ! play] mu/ w9 ! trick if he c4 ,= in/ance3 ,sev]al disc>ds h be5 made1 & ea* play] suspects ! o!r holds ?ree trumps1 ) ?ree tricks to play4 ,! ,que5 is l$1 & ! adv]s>y holds ,k ,a #g4 ,if he c\ld pass ?is trick1 he mu/ lie t5ace2 b z he has to w9 x ) ! ,k+1 he gives t5ace to 8 adv]s>y1 :o evid5tly has ,j & ano!r4 ,:5 ! deal] is f\r1 ! play] may /& on mu* weak] h&s4 ,x is usually be/ to lead f gu>d$ suits1 9 pref]5ce to s+le c>ds4 ,lead ! be/ ( a suit if y h x4 ,if ! ?ird trick is ! fir/ y w91 & y h a trump & ano!r c>d1 lead ! trump2 b if y h won two tricks1 lead ! pla9 suit4 ,,! ,,deal]4 ,:5 ! play] asks = c>ds1 ! deal] kn[s t 8 adv]s>y probably does n hold a jeux de rgle4 ,! deal] mu/ n be too sure ( ?is1 h[ev]1 = proposals are sometimes made on v /rong h&s 9 ord] to try = ! vole1 or to make two po9ts on ! refusal4 ,! deal] %\ld assume t he is oppos$ by ! be/ play until he f9ds ! contr>y to be ! case1 & x is safe/ to play on ! assumption t a play] :o proposes has n a jeux de rgle4 ,= all practical purposes x may be said t ! deal] c refuse to give c>ds ) h&s a trifle less /rong ?an ^? on :i* ! play] w\ld /&4 ,! g5]al rule is = ! deal] to give c>ds unless he is gu>d$ 9 ?ree suits2 or has a trump1 & is safe 9 two suits2 or has two trumps1 & is safe 9 "o suit4 ,if ! deal] has only "o suit gu>d$1 & "o trump1 he mu/ take into acc\nt ! risk ( be+ =c$1 & hav+ to lead away f 8 gu>d$ suit4 ,!re are eight recogniz$ h&s on :i* ! deal] %\ld refuse4 ,! full details ( ! calculations c be f\nd 9 ! n9? volume ( ! 8,we/m9/] ,pap]s40 ,z 9 ! case ( ! play]1 ! weake/ trumps h be5 tak5 = ! examples1 & ! weake/ hold+s 9 pla9 suits4 ,if ! deal] has bett] pla9 suits1 or /rong] trumps1 he has ( c\rse s mu* m 9 8 fav\r if he refuses4 ,! fir/ column ( figures gives ! numb] ( times 9 #fe1ghj t !re w be no proposal1 s t ! deal] has no *oice b to play4 ,! o!r columns give ! numb] ( times ! deal] or ! play] w w9 if ! play] proposes & ! deal] refuses4 ,! fir/ suit giv5 9 ea* in/ance is ! trump4 ,,no ,,deal] ,,play] ,,proposal4 ,,w9s4 ,,w9s4 #bb ,illu/ration3 #f1jcd #cf1igd #bb1ggb #bc ,illu/ration3 #i1hbf #ch1dfi #ag1dhe #bd ,illu/ration3 #h1gcf #da1fii #ae1cde #be ,illu/ration3 #i1bef #dj1ebd #af1jjj #bf ,illu/ration3 #aj1ccf #cg1dhd #ag1ifj #bg ,illu/ration3 #i1ggf #cg1dci #ah1efe #bh ,illu/ration3 #i1ggf #cf1iji #ai1jie #bi ,illu/ration3 #i1ggf #cf1gcc #ai1bga ,9 giv+ c>ds1 "s judgm5t ( human nature is necess>y4 ,"s play]s habitually propose on /rong h&s1 & x is be/ to give to su* pretty freely4 ,,disc>d+4 ,! g5]al pr9ciple ( disc>d+ is to keep trumps & ,k+s1 & let ev]y?+ else g4 ,if y hold ! trump ,k+ y may disc>d freely 9 ord] to /r5g!n y\r h& = a possible vole4 ,if y h propos$ once1 & hold ! ,k+1 & feel pretty sure ( ! po9t1 y may propose aga9 on ! *ance ( gett+ /r5g? en\gh to make ! vole4 ,:5 only two c>ds c be disc>d$1 x is a safe rule to /& on ! h&2 ei!r to play )\t propos+1 or to refuse c>ds2 unless y hold ! ,k+4 ,!re are no au?oritative laws = c>t1 & ! v>i\s ,fr5* & ,engli% codes d n agree4 ,! code adopt$ by ! ,engli% clubs is n 9 accord ) ! be/ usage1 & fails to provide = _m cont+5cies4 ,all t is ess5tial 9 ! laws w be f\nd embodi$ 9 ! =ego+ description ( ! game4 ,,text ,,books4 ,! be/ works on ! subject ( c>t are usually to be f\nd 9 conjunction ) o!r games4 ,! /ud5t w f9d ! foll[+ useful3-- ,! ,we/m9/] ,pap]s1 ,vols4 ,,iv to ,,xi1 inclusive4 ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,games2 any edition4 c>t & ,eu*re1 by ,b]keley1 #ahij4 ,cav5di% on c>t1 #ahhf4 ,jeux de ,c>tes1 7,fr471 by ,jean ,b\ssac4 ,rgles de ,t\s les ,jeux1 7,fr471 ,m4 ,dreyf\s1 ,edit4 ,acadmie des ,jeux1 7,fr471 by ,van ,t5ac4 ,acadmie des ,jeux1 7,fr471 by ,ri*>d4 ,%ort ,:i/1 by ,major ,a4 7c>t ,laws 9 app5dix47 ,,pool ,,c>t4 ,pool c>t is play$ by ?ree p]sons1 ea* ( :om contributes an agre$ sum1 :i* is call$ a /ake1 to =m a pool4 ,!y !n cut to decide :i* %all play ! fir/ game1 ! l[e/ c>t c>d go+ out4 ,! play]s !n cut = ! fir/ deal1 *oice ( seats & c>ds1 etc41 exactly z 9 ! ord9>y game4 ,! w9n] ( ! fir/ game reta9s 8 seat2 ! los] pays into ! pool ano!r /ake1 equal to ! fir/1 & retires 9 fav\r ( ! ?ird play]1 :o is call$ ! r5trant4 ,! r5trant takes ! los]'s seat & c>ds1 & cuts ) ! successful play] = ! fir/ deal4 ,! los] ( ! second game adds ano!r /ake to ! pool1 & retires 9 fav\r ( ! wait+ play]4 ,! pool is won by any play] w9n+ two games 9 succession4 ,if ! w9n] ( ! fir/ game won ! second also1 he w\ld take ! pool1 :i* w\ld !n conta9 five /akes2 ! ?ree orig9ally deposit$1 & ! two add$ by ! los]s ( ! two games4 ,a new pool w\ld !n be =m$ by ea* ( ! ?ree deposit+ ano!r /ake1 & all cutt+ to decide :i* %\ld sit out = ! fir/ game4 ,9 "s places only ! two play]s actually engag$ contribute to ! pool1 ! los] retir+ )\t pay+ any?+ fur!r1 & ! r5trant contribut+ 8 /ake :5 he takes ! los]'s place4 ,! outsid] is n all[$ to advise ei!r play] dur+ ! fir/ game1 nor to call att5tion to ! score2 b on ! second game he is all[$ to advise ! play] :o has tak5 8 seat & c>ds4 ,?is is on ! pr9ciple t he has no "r to *oose sides on ! fir/ game2 b t aft] t he has an int]e/ 9 prev5t+ 8 =m] adv]s>y f w9n+ ! second game1 s z to pres]ve ! pool until he c play = x aga9 himself4 ,,napoleon1 ,,or ,,nap4 ,?is is "o ( ! simple/1 & at ! same "t mo/ popul> ( ! eu*re family4 ,few games h become s widely kn[n 9 su* a %ort "t1 or h _h su* a vogue among all classes ( society4 ,s f> z ! m]e w9n+ & los+ goes1 ! result dep5ds l>gely ^u luck1 & skill is ( small importance4 ,except 9 a long s]ies ( games ! av]age play] has little to fe> f ! mo/ exp]t4 ,,c>ds4 ,napoleon is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b2 ! ace be+ highe/ 9 play2 b rank+ bel[ ! deuce 9 cutt+4 ,,c\nt]s4 ,z ea* deal is a complete game 9 itself x mu/ be settl$ = 9 c\nt]s1 to :i* "s value is usually atta*$4 ,"o play] is select$ = ! bank]1 & be=e play beg9s ea* ( ! o!rs pur*ases f him a c]ta9 numb] ( c\nt]s1 usually fifty4 ,:5 any play]'s supply is exhau/$1 he c pur*ase m1 ei!r f ! bank] or f ano!r play]4 ,9 _m places c\nt]s are n us$1 & ! value ( ! game is designat$ by ! co9s t take _! place4 ,9 8p5ny nap10 ,engli% copp]s are us$ 9 settl+2 sixp5ces 9 8sixp5ny nap10 & s on4 ,9 ,am]ica1 nickel & qu>t] nap are ! usual =ms4 ,,play]s4 ,any numb] f two to six c play2 b f\r is ! be/ game4 ,if five or six play x is usual = ! deal] to give himself no c>ds4 ,,cutt+4 ,! play]s draw f an outspread pack to =m ! table1 & = *oice ( seats4 ,a l[] cut gives pref]5ce ov] all high]2 ! l[e/ cut has ! fir/ *oice ( seats1 & deals ! fir/ h&4 ,ties cut aga91 b ! new cut decides no?+ b ! tie4 ,9 "s places ! play]s take _! seats at r&om1 & a c>d is !n dealt to ea* face upw>d2 ! l[e/ c>d or ! fir/ ,jack tak+ ! deal4 ,,deal+4 ,any play] has a "r to %uffle ! c>ds1 ! deal] la/4 ,!y are !n pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 & at lea/ f\r c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,beg9n+ at 8 left1 ! deal] gives ea* play] 9 rotation two c>ds on ! fir/ r\nd1 & ?ree on ! next2 or ?ree on ! fir/ & two on ! next4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,9 "s places ! c>ds are di/ribut$ "o at a "t until ea* play] has five2 b ! plan is n popul>1 z ! h&s run bett] & ! bidd+ is liveli] :5 ! c>ds are dealt 9 twos & ?rees4 ,! deal passes to ! left1 ea* play] deal+ 9 turn4 ,,misdeal+4 ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal 9 ,napoleon1 because ! deal is a disadvantage4 ,= ?is reason1 if any play] beg9s to deal out ( turn1 he mu/ f9i%1 & ! deal /&s good4 ,if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 or is expos$ by ! deal]2 or if too _m or too few c>ds are giv5 to any play]2 or if ! deal] does n give ! same numb] ( c>ds to ea* play] 9 ! same r\nd2 or if he fails to h ! pack cut1 x is a misdeal1 & ! misdeal] mu/ deal aga9 ) ! same pack4 ,,bidd+4 ,beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 ea* play] 9 turn bids = ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit1 /at+ ! numb] ( tricks he proposes to w91 play+ s+le-h&$ aga9/ ! ?ree o!r play]s1 & lead+ a trump = ! fir/ trick4 ,9 bidd+1 ! trump suit is n nam$1 only ! numb] ( tricks4 ,if a play] proposes to w9 all five tricks he bids nap1 :i* is ! highe/ bid possible1 & precludes any fur!r bidd+1 except 9 "s ( ! v>iations :i* w be describ$ lat] on4 ,if a play] w n make a bid1 he says 8,i pass10 ,a bid hav+ be5 made1 any foll[+ play] mu/ ei!r increase x or pass4 ,if all pass until x comes to ! deal]1 he is b\nd to bid at lea/ "o trick1 & ei!r play or pay4 ,! h&s are nev] ab&on$ except 9 case ( a misdeal4 ,9 "s places a misre bid is all[$1 :i* outranks a bid ( ?ree tricks1 & is beat5 by "o ( f\r4 ,!re is no trump suit 9 misre1 b ! bidd]1 if successful1 mu/ lead = ! fir/ trick4 ,any bid once made c nei!r be am5d$ nor recall$1 & !re is no second bid4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! play] bidd+ ! highe/ numb] ( tricks has ! fir/ lead1 & ! fir/ c>d he plays mu/ be "o ( ! trump suit4 ,! play]s mu/ foll[ suit if able1 b ne$ n w9 ! trick unless !y *oose to d s4 ,! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick leads aga9 = ! next trick1 & s on1 until all five tricks h be5 play$4 ,aft] ! fir/ trick any suit may be l$4 ,! bidd] ga!rs all tricks he w9s1 /ack+ !m s t !y may be readily c\nt$ by any play] at ! table4 ,"o ( ! o!r side %\ld ga!r all tricks won by ! adv]s>ies ( ! bidd]4 ,a trick once turn$ & quitt$ _c aga9 be se54 ,9 "s places !y h a v bad habit ( ga!r+ tricks ) ! c>ds face up1 turn+ d[n "o c>d only4 ,?is always results 9 num]\s misdeals1 on acc\nt ( c>ds be+ cont9ually f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack4 ,! h&s are usually ab&on$ :5 ! bidd] succe$s 9 8 und]tak+1 or %[s c>ds :i* are good = 8 bid aga9/ any play4 ,if x is impossible = him to succe$1 z :5 he bids f\r & ! adv]s>ies h won two tricks1 ! h&s are ?r[n up1 because no?+ is paid = "u or ov]-tricks4 ,play]s %\ld %[ ! rema9d] ( _! h&s to ! bo>d1 z evid5ce t no revoke has be5 made4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,h&s4 ,if a play]1 be=e he makes a bid or passes1 discov]s t he holds too _m or too few c>ds1 he mu/ imm$iately claim a misdeal4 ,if he has ei!r made a bid or pass$1 ! deal /&s good1 & ! h& mu/ be play$ out4 ,if ! bidd] has 8 "r numb] ( c>ds & succe$s1 he mu/ be paid4 ,if he fails1 he nei!r w9s nor loses2 because he is play+ aga9/ a f\l h&4 ,if ! bidd] has m ?an 8 "r numb] ( c>ds he mu/ pay if he loses2 b w9s no?+ if he succe$s4 ,if he has less ?an 8 "r numb] ( c>ds1 he is simply suppos$ to h lo/ ! trick = :i* he has no c>d to play4 ,,play+ ,,out ,,( ,,turn4 ,if any adv]s>y ( ! bidd] leads or plays out ( turn1 he =feits ?ree c\nt]s to ! bidd]1 indep5d5tly ( ! result ( ! h&1 & receives no?+ if ! bid is defeat$4 ,if ! bidd] leads out ( turn1 ! c>d mu/ be tak5 back1 unless all h foll[$ ! errone\s lead1 9 :i* case ! trick is good4 ,!re is no p5alty if he plays out ( turn4 ,,revokes4 ,:5 a revoke is detect$ & claim$1 ! h&s are imm$iately ab&on$1 & ! individual play] 9 fault mu/ pay all ! c\nt]s dep5d+ on ! result4 ,if he is ! bidd]1 he pays ea* adv]s>y2 if he is oppos$ to ! bidd]1 he pays = himself & = ea* ( 8 p>tn]s4 ,9 ,engl& x is ! rule to take back ! c>ds & play ! h& ov] aga91 z at c>t1 ! revok+ play] pay+ all ! /akes accord+ to ! result4 ,?is is (t5 v unfair to ! bidd]1 & leads to endless disputes z to :o held c]ta9 c>ds :i* h be5 ga!r$ into tricks4 ,sometimes ! diff]5ce betwe5 a sev5 & an eight 9 a c]ta9 play]'s h& w *ange ! entire result4 ,,paym5ts4 ,if ! bidd] succe$s 9 w9n+ ! specifi$ numb] ( tricks1 ea* adv]s>y pays him a c\nt] = e trick bid4 ,if he bid ?ree tricks1 !y pay him ?ree c\nt]s ea*2 f\r c\nt]s ea* = f\r tricks bid2 & ! value ( ?ree tricks = a misre4 ,if he fails to w9 ! specifi$ numb] ( tricks1 he pays ea* adv]s>y2 ?ree c\nt]s if he bid ?ree tricks1 or a misre2 f\r if he bid f\r4 ,any play] bidd+ nap1 & succe$+ 9 w9n+ all five tricks1 receives t5 c\nt]s f ea* adv]s>y2 b if he fails1 he pays only five to ea*4 ,:5 p5ny nap is play$1 ! settlem5t be+ 9 co91 x is usual to make naps w9 a %ill+ or lose sixp5ce1 9 ord] to avoid h&l+ s mu* copp]4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,9 calculat+ 8 *ances = success 9 w9n+ a c]ta9 numb] ( tricks1 ! play] w (t5 h to take into consid]ation ! probability ( c]ta9 c>ds be+ out aga9/ him4 ,?is w v>y accord+ to ! numb] ( play]s engag$4 ,= in/ance3 ,if f\r are play+1 & ! bidd] holds ,k ,q ( a pla9 suit1 ! odds aga9/ ! ace ( t suit be+ out aga9/ him are ab\t #b to #a4 ,z x w\ld be impossible = any p]son to rememb] all ! jeux de rgle = ?ree tricks at ,napoleon1 ea* mu/ le>n f exp]i5ce ! trick-tak+ value ( c]ta9 h&s4 ,trump /r5g? is1 ( c\rse1 ! great factor1 & ! bidd] %\ld c\nt on f9d+ at lea/ two trumps 9 "o h& aga9/ him4 ,nap %\ld nev] be bid on a h& :i* is n pretty sure ( w9n+ two r\nds ( trumps1 ) all o!r c>ds b "o w9n]s4 ,"o trick may always be risk$ 9 a nap h&1 su* z ,a ,q ( trumps1 or a ,k+1 or ev5 a ,que5 or ,jack 9 a pla9 suit2 ! odds aga9/ ! adv]s>ies hav+ a bett] c>d be+ slightly increas$ by ! odds aga9/ _! kn[+ en\gh to keep x = ! la/ trick4 ,if ! bid is = ?ree tricks only1 t5aces1 or gu>d$ m9or hon\rs 9 pla9 suits %\ld be pres]v$4 ,aft] ! fir/ trick x w sometimes be advantage\s = ! play] to get rid ( any los+ c>d he may h 9 pla9 suits4 ,x is seldom "r to cont9ue ! trumps if ! bidd] held only two orig9ally1 unless he has w9n+ c>ds 9 two pla9 suits1 9 :i* case x may be bett] to lead ev5 a los+ trump to prev5t a possibility ( adv]se trumps mak+ sep>ately4 ,9 play+ aga9/ ! bidd]1 leave no trick to y\r p>tn]s t y c w9 y\rself1 unless a small c>d is l$1 & y h ! ace4 ,9 op5+ fre% suits d n lead gu>d$ hon\rs1 b pref] aces or s+letons4 ,if ! call] ne$s only "o m trick1 x is usually be/ to lead a trump4 ,if y h ?ree trumps1 includ+ ! major t5ace1 pass ! fir/ trick if a small trump is l$2 or if y rema9 ) ! t5ace aft] ! fir/ trick1 be c>eful to avoid ! lead4 ,disc>ds %\ld indicate weakness1 unless y c %[ comm& ( su* a suit z ,a ,k1 or ,k ,q1 by disc>d+ ! be/ ( x4 ,?is w direct y\r p>tn]s to let t suit g1 & keep ! o!rs4 ,x is usually bett] to keep a gu>d$ ,k+ ?an a s+le ace4 ,! play] on ! "r ( ! bidd] %\ld get into ! lead if possible1 especially if he holds "o or two w9n+ c>ds4 ,^! w ei!r give 8 p>tn]s disc>ds1 or all[ !m to ov]-trump ! bidd]4 ,9 play+ misres1 x is bett] to beg9 ) a s+leton1 or ! l[e/ ( a safe suit4 ,an ace or ,k+ two or ?ree times gu>d$ is v safe = a misre1 z x is v improbable t any play] w be able to lead ! suit m ?an twice2 & if ! bidd]'s miss+ suit is l$1 ! high c>d c be got rid ( at once4 ,9 play+ aga9/ a misre1 disc>ds are important1 & ! fir/ %\ld be f ! %orte/ suit1 & always ! highe/ c>d ( x4 ,a suit 9 :i* ! bidd] is long %\ld be cont9u$1 9 ord] to give p>tn]s disc>ds4 ,m money is lo/ at ,napoleon by play+ imp]fect misres ?an 9 any o!r way4 ,v>iations4 ,! =ego+ description applies to ! regul> f\r-h&$ game2 b !re are sev]al v>iations 9 common use4 ,bett] bids ?an 8nap0 are sometimes all[$1 on ! und]/&+ t ! bidd] w pay d\ble or treble /akes if he fails1 b w receive only ! usual am\nt if successful4 ,= in/ance3 ,"o play] bids ,nap1 & ano!r holds :at he consid]s a c]ta9ty = five tricks4 ,9 ord] n to lose su* an opportunity ! latt] bids ,well+ton1 :i* b9ds him to pay t5 c\nt]s to ea* play] if he fails4 ,ano!r may outbid ?is aga9 by bidd+ ,blu*]1 :i* b9ds him to pay tw5ty to ea* if he loses1 b to receive only t5 if he w9s4 ,9 ,engl&1 ! bidd]1 if successful1 receives d\ble or treble /akes = a ,well+ton or a ,blu*]1 :i* is simply ano!r way ( all[+ any p]son ) a nap h& to increase ! /akes at pleasure1 = a play] ) a c]ta9 five tricks w\ld ( c\rse bid a ,blu*] at once1 trebl+ 8 ga9s & %utt+ (f all competition at ! same "t4 ,?is v>iation is n to be recomm5d$1 & b5efits no "o b ! gambl]4 ,pools4 ,napoleon is sometimes play$ ) a pool1 ea* play] contribut+ a c]ta9 am\nt1 usually two c\nt]s1 on ! fir/ deal4 ,ea* deal] 9 turn adds two m2 revokes pay five1 & leads out ( turn ?ree4 ,! play] :o fir/ succe$s 9 w9n+ five tricks on a nap bid takes ! pool1 & a fre% "o is =m$4 ,if a play] bids nap & fails1 he is usually call$ ^u to d\ble ! am\nt !n 9 ! pool1 besides pay+ 8 adv]s>ies4 ,pur*ase ,nap2 sometimes call$ c>t ,nap1 is a v>iation ( ! pool game4 ,aft] ! c>ds are dealt1 & be=e any bids are made1 ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 may disc>d z _m c>ds z he pleases1 ! deal] giv+ him o!rs 9 _! place4 ,= ea* c>d s ex*ang$1 ! play] pays "o c\nt] to ! pool4 ,only "o r\nd ( ex*anges is all[$1 & bids are !n 9 ord]4 ,a play] hav+ once refus$ to buy1 or hav+ nam$ ! numb] ( c>ds he wi%es to ex*ange1 _c am5d 8 decision4 ,any play] w9n+ five tricks on a nap bid takes ! entire pool4 ,?is is a v good game1 & increases bo? ! bids & ! play aga9/ !m4 ,wid[s4 ,ano!r v>iation is to deal five c>ds 9 ! c5tre ( ! table1 face d[nw>d1 ! deal] giv+ ! c>ds to ! wid[ j be=e help+ himself 9 ea* r\nd4 ,any play] 9 8 prop] turn to bid may take ! wid[1 & f ! total ( t5 c>ds s obta9$ select five on :i* he mu/ bid nap1 disc>d+ ! o!rs face d[nw>d4 ,peep ,nap4 ,9 ?is v>iety ( ! pool game "o c>d only is dealt to ! wid[1 usually on ! fir/ r\nd4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 be=e bidd+ or pass+1 has ! privilege ( tak+ a private peep at ?is d[n c>d1 on pay+ "o c\nt] to ! pool4 ,! c>d is left on ! table until ! highe/ bidd] is kn[n1 & he !n takes x into 8 h&1 :e!r he has paid to peep at x or n4 ,he mu/ !n disc>d to r$uce 8 h& to five c>ds4 ,if a play] bids nap x usually pays ^? foll[+ him to h a peep at ! d[n c>d 9 case ! bidd] %\ld reta9 x 9 8 h&4 ,,spoil ,,five4 ,spoil ,five is "o ( ! olde/ ( c>d games1 & is g5]ally conc$$ to be ! national game ( ,irel&4 ,x is d]iv$ f ! /ill old] game ( ,maw1 :i* 0 ! fav\rite recreation ( ,james ! ,fir/4 ,! connect+ l9k seems to h be5 a game call$ ,five ,f+]s1 :i* is describ$ 9 ! 8,compleat ,game/]10 fir/ publi%$ 9 #afgd4 ,! ,five ,f+]s 0 ! five ( trumps1 & also ! be/1 ! ace ( he>ts com+ next4 ,9 ,spoil ,five1 ! ,jack ( trumps comes betwe5 ^! two4 ,,c>ds4 ,spoil ,five is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds4 ,! rank ( ! c>ds v>ies accord+ to ! col\r ( ! suit1 & ! trump suit und]goes /ill fur!r *anges1 ! he>t ace be+ always ! ?ird be/ trump4 ,9 ! pla9 suits1 ! ,k ,q ,j reta9 _! usual ord]1 ! ,k+ be+ ! be/4 ,! rank ( ! spot c>ds1 includ+ ! aces ( diamonds1 clubs1 & spades1 is g5]ally express$ by ! phrase3 ,highe/ 9 r$2 l[e/ 9 black4 ,t is to say1 if sev]al c>ds ( a suit1 n includ+ a ,k+1 ,que5 or ,jack1 are play$ to a trick1 ! highe/ c>d w w9 if ! suit is r$2 & ! l[e/ if ! suit is black4 ,?is w give u ! foll[+ ord] = ! pla9 suits1 beg9n+ ) ! highe/ c>d 9 ea*3-- ,no *ange4 ,highe/ 9 r$4 ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b ,a ,l[e/ 9 black4 ,k ,q ,j ,a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj ,k ,q ,j ,a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj ,9 ! trump suit ! same ord] ( c>ds is reta9$1 except t f\r c>ds are always ! be/ trumps4 ,^! are ! ,five1 ,jack1 & ace ( ! suit itself1 & ! ace ( he>ts1 ! latt] be+ always ! ?ird be/4 ,?is gives u ! rank ( ! c>ds z foll[s1 :5 ! suit is trump3-- ,no *ange4 ,highe/ 9 r$4 #e ,j ,a ,k ,q #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b #e ,j ,a ,a ,k ,q #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b ,l[e/ 9 black4 #e ,j ,a ,a ,k ,q #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj #e ,j ,a ,a ,k ,q #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj ,,c\nt]s4 ,spoil ,five is play$ ) a pool1 = :i* c\nt]s are necess>y4 ,"o play] %\ld act z bank]1 & ! o!rs %\ld pur*ase f him1 ea* beg9n+ ) #bj c\nt]s4 ,co9s may take ! place ( c\nt]s1 %ill+s be+ ! usual po9ts4 ,,play]s4 ,any numb] f #b to #aj may play2 b #e or #f is ! usual game4 ,,cutt+4 ,?is is unkn[n at ,spoil ,five4 ,! play]s take _! seats at r&om1 & "o ( !m deals a c>d face up to ea* 9 succession4 ,! fir/ ,jack takes ! fir/ deal4 ,"s note %\ld be made ( ! play] :o gets ! fir/ deal1 z ! rules require t :5 ! game is br\ght to an end ! la/ deal %all be made by ! play] on ! "r ( ! fir/ deal]4 ,,! ,,pool4 ,be=e play beg9s ea* play] deposits "o c\nt] 9 ! pool1 & to ?is am\nt ea* successive deal] adds a c\nt] until ! pool is won1 :5 all contribute equally to =m a new "o4 ,9 "s places x is ! practice = ea* successive deal] to put up = all ! play]s1 :e!r ! pool is won or n4 ,?is simply makes l>g] pools4 ,,deal+4 ,any play] has ! "r to %uffle ! pack1 ! deal] la/4 ,! c>ds are !n pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 & z _m c>ds z !re are play]s mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left1 ! deal] gives five c>ds to ea* play]2 two on ! fir/ r\nd & ?ree on ! next1 or ?ree & !n two4 ,aft] all are help$1 ! next c>d is turn$ up on ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 & ! suit to :i* x belongs is ! trump = t deal4 ,,misdeal+4 ,if !re is any irregul>ity 9 ! deal :i* is n ! deal]'s fault1 su* z any c>d except ! trump f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 or ! pack f\nd imp]fect1 ! same p]son deals aga94 ,b if ! deal] neglects to h ! pack cut1 or deals too _m or too few c>ds to any play]1 or exposes a c>d 9 deal+1 or does n give ! same numb] ( c>ds to ea* play] on ! same r\nd1 or c\nts ! c>ds on ! table or ^? rema9+ 9 ! pack1 x is a misdeal1 & ! deal passes to ! next play] on ! misdeal]'s left4 ,9 "s places ! misdeal] is all[$ to deal aga9 if he =feits two c\nt]s to ! pool4 ,,robb+ ,,! ,,trump ,,c>d4 ,if ! trump c>d is an ace1 ! deal] may disc>d any c>d he pleases 9 ex*ange = x4 ,he may take up ! ace :5 he plays to ! fir/ trick1 or may leave x on ! pack until got rid ( 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,:5 an ace is turn$1 ! elde/ h&1 be=e lead+1 %\ld call ^u ! deal] to disc>d if he has n already done s4 ,if ! deal] does n want ! trump1 he answ]s3 8,i play ^!40 ,if ! trump c>d is n an ace1 any play] at ! table hold+ ! ace ( trumps is b\nd to ann\nce ! fact :5 x comes to 8 turn to play to ! fir/ trick4 ,! usual plan is = him to pass a c>d to ! deal] face d[nw>d1 & 9 return ! deal] w give him ! turn-up trump4 ,if ! hold] ( ! ace does n want ! turn-up1 he mu/ tell ! deal] to turn ! trump d[n1 :i* %[s t he c\ld rob1 b does n wi% to4 ,if ! hold] ( ! ace ( trumps plays )\t ann\nc+ x1 he n only loses 8 "r to rob1 b 8 ace ( trumps becomes ( less value ?an any o!r trump = t deal1 & ev5 if x is ! ace ( he>ts he loses ! privileges atta*$ to t c>d4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! elde/ h& beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases4 ,x is n necess>y to foll[ suit except 9 trumps2 b if a play] does n foll[ suit :5 he is able to d s1 he mu/ trump ! trick1 or x is a revoke4 ,if he _c foll[ suit1 he may trump or disc>d at 8 pleasure4 ,! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,! w9n] ( ! fir/ trick leads any c>d he pleases = ! next1 & s on1 until all five tricks h be5 play$4 ,ea* play] ga!rs 8 own tricks1 z !re are no p>tn]%ips4 ,,r5eg+4 ,! ?ree highe/ trumps h special privileges 9 ! matt] ( n foll[+ suit4 ,any play] hold+ ! ,five or ,jack ( ! trump suit2 or ! ace ( he>ts1 b hav+ no small] trump ) !m1 may refuse to foll[ suit if any inf]ior trump is l$2 b if he has also a small] trump1 he mu/ play "o or ! o!r4 ,if a sup]ior trump is l$1 ! play] mu/ foll[ suit 9 any case4 ,= in/ance3 ,if ! ,five ( trumps is l$1 no "o c refuse to foll[ suit1 no matt] :at trumps he holds2 b if ! ,jack is l$1 & any play] holds ! ,five alone1 he ne$ n play x to ! inf]ior trump lead4 ,if ! he>t ace is l$1 & "o play] holds ! ,jack alone1 & ano!r ! ,five alone1 nei!r ( ^! c>ds ne$ be play$1 because ! trump l$ is inf]ior to bo? ( !m4 ,if a sup]ior trump is play$ 9 foll[+ suit1 su* z ! ,five play$ on an ,eight l$1 ! hold] ( ! lone ,jack ( trumps or ace ( he>ts1 ne$ n play x1 because ! lead 0 inf]ior4 ,?is privilege ( r5eg+ is conf9$ to ! ?ree highe/ trumps4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,9 ,spoil ,five !re are ?ree ?+s to play =4 ,if any "o p]son c w9 ?ree tricks he takes ! pool4 ,if he c w9 all five tricks he n only gets ! pool1 b receives an extra c\nt] f ea* ( ! o!r play]s4 ,if he has no *ance to w9 ?ree tricks1 he mu/ b5d all 8 en]gies to scatt]+ ! tricks among ! o!r play]s1 s t no "o ( !m %all be able to get ! ?ree tricks necess>y to w9 ! pool4 ,:5 ?is is done1 ! game is said to be spoil$1 & z t is ! object ( ! majority 9 e deal x gives ! game its "n4 ,9 ! old] =ms ( ! game ! w9n] ( ?ree tricks c\nt$ five po9ts1 & if he c\ld be prev5t$ f gett+ ?ree tricks 8 five po9ts 7 spoil$4 ,,j9k ,,game4 ,:5 a play] has won ?ree tricks1 he %\ld imm$iately ab&on 8 h& & claim ! pool1 = if he cont9ues play+ he mu/ j9k x1 & get all five tricks or lose :at he has already won1 ! game be+ spoil$ j z if no "o _h won ?ree tricks4 ,x is sometimes a matt] = nice judgm5t :e!r or n to g on1 &1 = ! sake ( an extra c\nt] f ea* play]1 to risk a pool already won4 ,! be/ trump is (t5 held up = ?ree r\nds to coax a play] to g on 9 ?is mann]4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,! ,,h&s4 ,if1 dur+ ! play ( a h&1 x is discov]$ t any "o holds too _m or too few c>ds1 t h& is f\l1 & mu/ be ab&on$1 ! hold] =feit+ all "r to ! pool = t deal4 ,^? :o h _! "r numb] ( c>ds f9i% ! play )\t ! f\l h&1 b any tricks already won by ! hold] ( ! f\l h& rema9 8 prop]ty4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,play4 ,if any play] robs :5 he does n hold ! ace2 leads or plays out ( turn2 r5eges to ! lead ( a high] trump2 r5\nces 9 ! trump suit2 revokes 9 a pla9 suit2 or exposes a c>d aft] any play] has won two tricks1 he loses all 8 "r & int]e/ 9 ! curr5t pool1 :i* he _c w91 ei!r on t or any subsequ5t deal1 b to :i* he mu/ cont9ue to contribute :5 x comes to 8 turn to deal4 ,aft] ! pool has be5 won1 & a fre% "o =m$1 ! p5alty is remov$4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,obs]vation1 quickness1 & good judgm5t ( "* are ! ess5tials = success at ,spoil ,five1 ! la/ be+ probably ! mo/ important4 ,! peculi> ord] ( ! c>ds2 ! privilege ( r5\nc+ :5 hold+ a c>d ( ! suit l$2 & ! "r ( pass+ inf]ior trump leads1 are v confus+ to ! beg9n]2 b ) practice ! r\t9e & /rategy ( ! game soon become famili>4 ,! play] %\ld fir/ make up 8 m9d :e!r he is go+ to try to w9 ! pool or to spoil x4 ,p>ticul> att5tion %\ld be paid to ! play] :o robs1 because he mu/ h at lea/ ! ace & ! turn-up 9 trumps1 & is m likely to ne$ spoil+ ?an any o!r play]4 ,:5 a play] w9s a trick1 "s judgm5t w be necess>y to decide :e!r he is try+ = ! pool himself1 or simply spoil+ x = "s "o else4 ,:5 he w9s two tricks1 e o!r play] at ! table mu/ comb9e aga9/ him4 ,) only "o small or m$ium trump1 x is bett] to use x at ! fir/ opportunity4 ,unless ! play] has "s hopes ( w9n+ ! pool himself1 he %\ld trump all d\btful c>ds2 t is1 c>ds t may w9 ! trick if n trump$4 ,) two good trumps1 x is bett] to wait = developm5ts2 ev5 if y _c w9 ! la/ ?ree tricks y\rself1 y may effectually spoil any o!r play]4 ,d any?+ y c to prev5t ! possibility ( a ?ird trick be+ won by a play] :o has already won two4 ,,=ty-,,five1 ,,or ,,five ,,& ,,t54 ,^! names are giv5 to ,spoil ,five :5 x is play$ by two p]sons only1 or by f\r or six divid$ into two equal p>tn]%ips4 ,!re is no pool1 z "o side or ! o!r mu/ w9 ?ree tricks e deal4 ,! side w9n+ ! odd trick c\nts five po9ts t[>ds game1 or t5 po9ts if x w9s all five tricks4 ,=ty-five po9ts is game4 ,9 ano!r v>iation1 ea* trick c\nts five po9ts1 & ! w9n]s' score is d$uct$ f ! los]s'1 s t if "o side w9s f\r tricks x c\nts fifte5 t[>ds game4 ,:5 ?is mann] ( c\nt+ is adopt$1 ! play]s c\nt out2 t is1 if ea* side is #ce up1 ! fir/ to w9 two tricks c\nts out4 ,m9or v>iations are sometimes introduc$2 su* z robb+ ) ! ,k+1 if ! ace is n 9 play2 c\nt+ five = ! deal]'s side if ! ace or ,k+ is turn$ up1 etc4 ,!re are no ,text ,books on ,spoil ,five2 b descriptions & laws ( ! game are to be f\nd 9 ! 8,we/m9/] ,pap]s10 ,vol ,,ii41 & 9 8,r\nd ,games10 by ,b]keley4 ,,rams1 ,,or ,,rammes ,?is game seems to be ! connect+ l9k betwe5 ! m /rongly m>k$ memb]s ( ! ,eu*re family & ,division ,loo4 ,,c>ds4 ,rams is play$ ) ! eu*re pack1 ?irty-two c>ds1 :i* rank z at c>t1 ,k ,q ,j ,a #aj #i #h #g4 ,x has lately become ! fa%ion1 h[ev]1 to adopt ! rank ( ! c>ds 9 ! piquet pack1 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g4 ,,play]s4 ,any numb] f ?ree to six may play2 b :5 six play ! deal] takes no c>ds4 ,! g5]al arrangem5ts = ! play]s1 fir/ deal1 c\nt]s1 etc41 are exactly ! same z at ,spoil ,five4 ,,! ,,pool4 ,ea* successive deal] puts up five c\nt]s1 to =m or to augm5t ! pool4 ,,deal+4 ,! c>ds hav+ be5 prop]ly %uffl$ & cut1 five are giv5 to ea* play]2 two ! fir/ r\nd & ?ree ! next1 or ?ree ! fir/ r\nd & two ! next4 ,an extra h&1 kn[n z ! wid[1 is dealt face d[nw>d 9 ! c5tre ( ! table4 ,! deal] gives c>ds to ! wid[ j be=e deal+ to himself 9 ea* r\nd4 ,:5 all are help$1 ! next c>d is turn$ up = ! trump4 ,irregul>ities 9 ! deal are gov]n$ by ! same rules z 9 ,spoil ,five4 ,,decl>+ ,,to ,,play4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! elde/ h&1 may ei!r play or pass4 ,if he passes1 he lays 8 c>ds face d[nw>d 9 front ( him1 & takes no fur!r "p 9 t deal unless a g5]al rams is ann\nc$4 ,if he plays1 he engages himself to take at lea/ "o trick1 or =feit five c\nt]s to ! pool4 ,he may play ) ! h& orig9ally dealt him1 or he may risk gett+ a bett] by tak+ ! wid[ 9 ex*ange4 ,if he ex*anges1 8 orig9al h& is dead1 & mu/ n be se5 by any play]4 ,if any play] takes ! wid[1 ^? foll[+ him mu/ play ! h& dealt !m or pass out4 ,9 "s clubs ! elde/ h& is oblig$ to play1 ei!r ) 8 own h& or ) ! wid[4 ,if all pass except ! pone1 he mu/ play aga9/ ! deal]1 ei!r ) ! c>ds dealt him1 or ) ! wid[4 ,if he decl9es to play1 he mu/ pay ! deal] five c\nt]s1 & ! pool rema9s4 ,! deal] mu/ play if he is oppos$ by only "o play]2 b if two o!rs h ann\nc$ to play1 ! deal] may play or pass z he pleases4 ,if he plays1 he may disc>d & take up ! trump c>d4 ,no o!r play] may rob ! trump4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! elde/ h& ( ^? :o h decl>$ to play beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases4 ,ea* play] 9 turn mu/ head ! trick2 t is1 play a high] c>d if he c4 ,if he has two high]1 he may play ei!r4 ,if he has none ( ! suit l$1 he mu/ trump if he c1 ev5 if ! trick is already trump$ by ano!r play]4 ,= in/ance3 ,he>ts are trumps1 & ,a leads a club4 ,b foll[s suit1 b nei!r ,c nor ,d has a club4 ,suppose ,c trumps ) ! ,k+1 & t ! only trump ,d has is ! ,que51 he mu/ play x on ! trick1 los+ x to ,c's ,k+4 ,:5 a play] c nei!r foll[ suit nor trump1 he may disc>d any c>d he pleases4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick leads = ! next trick1 & s on until all five tricks h be5 play$4 ,,p5alties4 ,!re is only "o p5alty 9 ,rams2 to w9 no?+ on ! deal1 & to =feit five c\nt]s to ! next pool4 ,?is is inflict$ = play+ ) m or less ?an five c>ds2 = expos+ any c>d2 = lead+ or play+ out ( turn2 = r5\nc+2 & = refus+ to head or trump a trick :5 able to d s4 ,,divid+ ,,! ,,pool4 ,pools may be simple or d\ble4 ,! usual cu/om is to compel e "o to play :5 ! pool is a simple1 conta9+ no?+ b ! five c\nt]s put up by ! deal]4 ,:5 !re are m ?an five c\nt]s 9 ! pool !y mu/ be "s multiple ( five1 & ! pool is call$ a d\ble4 ,9 d\ble pools ! play]s may play or pass z !y please4 ,no matt] h[ _m c\nt]s are already 9 ! pool1 ! deal] mu/ add five4 ,ea* play] ga!rs 9 ! tricks he w9s1 & at ! end ( ! h& he is entitl$ to take "o-fif? ( ! cont5ts ( ! pool = e trick he has won4 ,if he has play$ 8 h&1 & fail$ to get a trick1 he is rams$1 & =feits five c\nt]s to =m ! next pool1 9 addition to ^? :i* w be put up by ! next deal]4 ,if two or m play]s fail to w9 a trick1 !y mu/ ea* pay five c\nt]s1 & if ! play] ^: turn x w be to deal next is rams$1 he w h to put up t52 five = 8 deal1 & five = ! rams4 ,,g5]al ,,rams4 ,if any play] ?9ks he c w9 all five tricks1 ) ! advantage ( ! fir/ lead1 he may ann\nce a g5]al rams1 :5 x comes to 8 turn to pass or play4 ,?is ann\ncem5t may be made ei!r be=e or aft] tak+ ! wid[4 ,:5 a g5]al rams is ann\nc$1 all at ! table mu/ play1 & ^? :o h pass$ & laid d[n _! h&s1 mu/ take !m up aga94 ,if ! wid[ has n be5 tak51 any play] :o has n already refus$ x may take x4 ,! play] :o ann\nc$ g5]al rams has ! fir/ lead4 ,if he succe$s 9 gett+ all five tricks1 he n only gets ! pool b receives five c\nt]s 9 addition f ea* play]4 ,if he fails1 he mu/ d\ble ! am\nt !n 9 ! pool1 & pay five c\nt]s to ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies4 ,any play] tak+ a trick t spoils a g5]al rams gets no?+ f ! pool1 & x is usual to ab&on ! h&s ! mom5t ! ann\nc+ play] loses a trick4 ,,r\nce4 ,?is is an ,am]ican corruption ( ,rams4 ,x is play$ ) ! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank z at ,:i/1 & any numb] ( play]s f ?ree to n9e4 ,six c>ds are dealt to ! wid[1 "o ( :i* mu/ be disc>d$ by ! play] tak+ x4 ,all pools are alike1 !re be+ no diff]5ce betwe5 simples & d\bles1 & !re is no su* ann\ncem5t z g5]al r\nce4 ,!re is no obligation to head ! trick1 nor to trump or "u-trump2 b ! w9n] ( ! fir/ trick mu/ lead a trump if he has "o4 ,,bi]spiel4 ,?is is a popul> =m ( ,rams among ,g]man /ud5ts4 ,?ree crosses are *alk$ on ! table 9 front ( ea* play]1 repres5t+ five po9ts ea*4 ,:5 a trick is won1 a be]-soak$ f+] wipes out ! c5tre ( a cross1 & r$uces its value to f\r4 ,successive cancell+s ( ! rema9+ arms ( ! cross z tricks are tak5 gradually r$uce x to no?+1 & ! play] :o is la/ to wipe out 8 ?ird cross pays = ! be]4 ,no play] is all[$ to look at 8 c>ds until ! trump is turn$1 & ! deal] gives ! ^w ( comm&3 8,auf40 ,! sev5 ( diamonds is always ! second-be/ c>d ( ! trump suit1 rank+ next bel[ ! ace4 ,if x is turn$ up1 ! deal] turns up ! next c>d = a trump1 & :5 x comes to 8 turn1 he c take bo? c>ds into 8 h&1 disc>d+ o!rs 9 _! place4 ,if ! deal] passes1 ! elde/ h& may take up ! trump4 ,if only two decl>e to play1 a trump mu/ be l$ = ! fir/ trick2 if ?ree play1 trumps mu/ be l$ twice2 if f\r play1 ?ree times4 ,if ! lead] has no trump1 he mu/ lead 8 smalle/ c>d1 face d[nw>d1 :i* calls = a trump f su* ( ! o!r play]s z h "o4 ,all p5alties are made by add+ fre% crosses to ! del9qu5t's score4 ,,loo1 ,,or ,,division ,,loo4 ,?is 0 at "o "t ! mo/ popul> ( all r\nd games at c>ds2 b its c\s9 ,napoleon seems to h usurp$ its place 9 ,engl&1 :ile ,pok] has eclips$ x 9 ,am]ica4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( ! game1 b ! mo/ common =m is ,?ree-c>d ,limit$ ,loo1 :i* w be fir/ describ$4 ,,c>ds4 ,loo is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank1 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b2 ! ace be+ ! highe/4 ,,c\nt]s4 ,loo be+ a pool game1 c\nt]s are necess>y4 ,!y %\ld be ( two col\rs1 :ite & r$1 "o r$ bank]1 to sell & r$eem all c\nt]s4 ,ea* play] %\ld beg9 ) #ah r$ & #f :ite1 :i* is equal to #bj r$s4 ,,play]s4 ,any numb] ( p]sons f ?ree to sev5te5 may play1 b eight is ! usual limit1 & five or six makes ! be/ game4 ,! play]s take _! seats at r&om4 ,,cutt+4 ,a c>d is dealt r\nd to ea* play]1 face up1 & ! fir/ ,jack takes ! fir/ deal4 ,,! ,,pool4 ,ea* successive deal] places ?ree r$ c\nt]s 9 ! pool4 ,! pool is add$ to f "t to "t by p5alties = infractions ( ! rules1 & by =feitures f play]s :o h fail$ 9 _! und]tak+s4 ,su* paym5ts are always made 9 r$ c\nt]s1 ! numb] be+ always ?ree or six4 ,:5 ! pool is divid$1 x sometimes happ5s t a play] is n all[$ to )draw 8 %>e4 ,9 su* cases ! r$ c\nt]s repres5t+ x %\ld be *ang$ = _! value 9 :ite ones1 s t ! =feit$ %>e may be divid$ 9 ?ree p>ts4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ,limit$ ,loo1 & ,unlimit$ ,loo1 is 9 ! am\nts paid into ! pool4 ,9 ,limit$ ,loo ! p5alty is always ?ree or six r$ c\nt]s4 ,9 ,unlimit$ ,loo1 x is ! same = irregul>ities1 & = infraction ( ! rules2 b any play] fail+ 9 8 und]tak+ mu/ put up = ! next pool an am\nt equal to t 9 ! curr5t pool4 ,:5 two or m fail on successive deals ! pool increases ) surpris+ rapidity4 ,a play] at tw5ty-five c5t ,loo has be5 kn[n to lose #cbj 9 ?ree consecutive deals4 ,,deal+4 ,! pack hav+ be5 prop]ly %uffl$ & cut1 ! deal] gives ?ree c>ds to ea* play]1 "o at a "t 9 rotation1 beg9n+ on 8 left4 ,! fir/ deal1 & e deal 9 :i* ! pool conta9s only ! ?ree r$ c\nt]s put up by ! deal]1 is kn[n z a simple1 & no trump c>d is turn$ up until "o or two tricks h be5 play$ to4 ,if !re are m ?an ?ree r$ c\nt]s 9 ! pool1 x is kn[n z a d\ble1 & an extra h& mu/ be dealt = ! wid[1 & aft] all h be5 help$1 ! next c>d 9 ! pack is turn$ up = a trump4 ,! deal] gives c>ds to ! wid[ j be=e help+ himself 9 ea* r\nd4 ,irregul>ities 9 ! ,deal4 ,if ! pack is f\nd to be imp]fect1 or any c>d except ! trump is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 ! same deal] mu/ deal aga9 )\t p5alty4 ,if ! deal] neglects to h ! pack cut2 re%uffles x aft] x has be5 prop]ly cut2 deals a c>d incorrectly & fails to correct ! error be=e deal+ ano!r2 exposes a c>d 9 deal+2 gives any play] too _m or too few c>ds2 or deals a wrong numb] ( h&s1 x is a misdeal1 & he loses 8 deal1 & =feits ?ree r$ c\nt]s to ! curr5t pool4 ,! new deal] adds 8 ?ree c\nt]s z usual1 & ! pool becomes a d\ble4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,a description ( ! me?od ( play+ w be bett] und]/ood if x is divid$ into two p>ts1 z x v>ies 9 simple & 9 d\ble pools4 ,9 ,simple ,pools1 no trump is turn$1 & no wid[ dealt4 ,%\ld ! deal] inadv]t5tly turn a trump1 he =feits ?ree r$ c\nt]s to ! curr5t pool1 b x rema9s a simple4 ,if he deals a c>d = a wid[1 & fails to correct himself be=e deal+ ano!r c>d1 x is a misdeal4 ,! elde/ h& leads any c>d he pleases1 & ! o!rs mu/ n only foll[ suit1 b mu/ head ! trick if !y c4 ,?is does n necess>ily mean t !y %all play ! be/ c>d !y hold ( ! suit l$1 b t !y %all play a bett] "o ?an any already play$4 ,! c>ds are left 9 front ( ! play]s4 ,if all foll[ suit ! w9n] ( ! trick leads any c>d he pleases = ! next trick4 ,if all foll[ suit to t aga91 ! w9n] leads = ! next1 & if all foll[ suit aga91 t ends x1 & ! w9n]s ( ! sev]al tricks divide ! pool4 ,all ^? :o h n won a trick are loo$1 & mu/ contribute ?ree r$ c\nt]s ea* = ! next pool1 :i*1 add$ to ! ?ree to be deposit$ by ! next deal]1 w make ! ensu+ pool a d\ble4 ,b if 9 any trick any play] is unable to foll[ suit1 z soon z ! trick is complete ! deal] turns up ! top c>d on ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 & ! suit to :i* x belongs is ! trump4 ,if any trump has be5 play$1 ! highe/ trump w9s ! trick4 ,9 any case1 ! w9n] ( ! trick mu/ lead a trump = ! next trick if he has "o4 ,:5 all ?ree tricks h be5 play$1 ! w9n] ( ea* is entitl$ to "o-?ird ( ! cont5ts ( ! pool4 ,^? :o h n won a trick are loo$1 & mu/ contribute ?ree r$ c\nt]s ea* = ! next pool4 ,?is is call$ a ,bold ,/&4 ,9 ,d\ble ,pools1 an extra h& is dealt = ! wid[1 & a trump is turn$4 ,no play] is all[$ to look at 8 c>ds until x comes to 8 turn to decl>e4 ,! deal]1 beg9n+ on 8 left1 asks ea* 9 turn to ann\nce 8 int5tions4 ,! play] may /& ) ! c>ds dealt him2 or may take ! wid[ 9 ex*ange2 or may pass4 ,if he passes or takes ! wid[1 he gives 8 orig9al h& to ! deal]1 :o places x on ! bottom ( ! pack4 ,if he takes ! wid[ or /&s1 he mu/ w9 at lea/ "o trick1 or he is loo$1 & w =feit ?ree r$ c\nt]s to ! next pool4 ,if all pass b ! play] :o has tak5 ! wid[1 he w9s ! pool )\t play+1 & ! next deal mu/ be a simple4 ,if only "o play] /&s1 & he has n tak5 ! wid[1 ! deal]1 if he w n play = himself1 mu/ take ! wid[ & play to def5d ! pool4 ,if he fails to take a trick1 he is n loo$2 b ! paym5t = any tricks he w9s mu/ be left 9 ! pool1 & ! r$ c\nt]s = !m %\ld be *ang$ = :ite ones1 s t ! am\nt may be easily divid$ at ! end ( ! next pool4 ,flu%es4 ,if any play] 9 a d\ble pool holds ?ree trumps1 :e!r dealt him or f\nd 9 ! wid[1 he mu/ ann\nce x z soon z all h decl>$ :e!r or n !y w play4 ,! usual cu/om is to wait until ! deal] decl>es1 & !n to ask him3 8,h[ _m play80 ,! deal] replies3 8,two 920 8,?ree 920 or3 8,wid[ & "o20 z ! case may be4 ,! play] ) ! flu% !n %[s x1 & claims ! pool )\t play+1 ea* ( ^? :o are 890 be+ loo$ ?ree r$ c\nt]s4 ,if two play]s hold a flu% 9 trumps1 ! eld] h& w9s1 :e!r 8 trumps are bett] or n2 b ! y\ng] h&1 hold+ ano!r flu%1 is n loo$4 ,lead+4 ,9 all d\ble pools1 ! elde/ h& ( ^? play+ mu/ lead a trump if he has "o4 ,if he has ! ace ( trumps he mu/ lead t2 or if he has ! ,k+ & ! ace is turn$ up4 ,! old rule 0 t a play] mu/ lead ! high] ( two trumps1 b ?is is obsolete4 ,! w9n] ( a trick mu/ lead a trump if he has "o4 ,ea* play] 9 turn mu/ head ! trick if he c2 if he has none ( ! suit l$ he mu/ trump or ov]-trump if he c2 b he ne$ n "u-trump a trick already trump$4 ,irregul>ities & ,p5alties4 ,!re is only "o p5alty 9 ,loo1 to w9 no?+ f ! curr5t pool1 & to pay ei!r ?ree or six r$s to ! next pool4 ,if ! (f5d] has won any tricks1 ! paym5t = !m mu/ be left 9 ! pool 9 :ite c\nt]s1 to be divid$ among ! w9n]s ( ! next pool4 ,! (f5ces are divid$1 "s be+ paid = to ! curr5t pool1 su* z ^? = errors 9 ! deal1 :ile o!rs are n paid until ! curr5t pool has be5 divid$4 ,if any play] looks at 8 h& be=e 8 turn to decl>e1 or ! deal] does s be=e ask+ ! o!rs :e!r or n !y w play1 or if any play] ann\nces 8 int5tion out ( 8 prop] turn2 ! (f5d] 9 ea* case =feits ?ree r$ c\nt]s to ! curr5t pool1 & _c w9 any?+ t deal1 b he may play 8 h& 9 ord] to keep c\nt]s 9 ! pool4 ,if he plays & is loo$1 he mu/ pay4 ,revokes4 ,if a play]1 :5 able to d s1 fails to foll[ suit1 or to head ! trick1 or to lead trumps1 or to lead ! ace ( trumps1 7or ,k+ :5 ace is turn$17 or to trump a suit ( :i* he is void1 ! h&s are ab&on$ on discov]y ( ! error1 & ! pool is divid$ z equally z possible among ^? :o decl>$ to play1 ) ! exception ( ! (f5d]4 ,any odd :ite c\nt]s mu/ be left = ! next pool4 ,! play] 9 fault is !n held guilty ( a revoke1 & mu/ pay a =feit ( six r$ c\nt]s to ! next pool4 ,! reason = ! division ( ! pool is t !re is no satisfactory way to det]m9e h[ ! play w\ld h result$ _h ! revoke n occurr$4 ,x is impossible to take back ! c>ds & replay !m1 because no "o w\ld h a "r to judge h[ mu* a p]son's play 0 alt]$ by 8 k ( ! c>ds 9 ! o!r h&s4 ,if a play]1 hav+ already won a trick1 r5d]s himself liable to any p5alty1 z = expos+ a c>d1 lead+ or foll[+ suit out ( turn1 or ab&on+ 8 h&1 he is loo$ = ?ree r$ c\nt]s1 payable to ! next pool1 & ! paym5t = ! tricks he has won mu/ be left 9 ! pool 9 :ite c\nt]s4 ,,iri% ,,loo4 ,9 ?is v>iation1 no wid[ is dealt1 & !re is no di/9ction betwe5 simple & d\ble pools4 ,a trump is always turn$ up1 & ! deal] asks ea* 9 turn1 beg9n+ on 8 left1 :e!r or n he w play1 tak+ up ! c>ds ( ^? :o decl9e to /&4 ,he !n ann\nces 8 own decision1 & proce$s to ask ^? :o h decl>$ to play :e!r or n !y wi% to ex*ange any ( ! c>ds orig9ally dealt !m4 ,! usual "q is simply3 8,h[ _m80 & ! play] names ! numb] ( c>ds he wi%es to ex*ange1 if any2 at ! same "t disc>d+ o!rs 9 _! places4 ,! numb] fir/ ask$ = _c be am5d$ or recall$4 ,! trump is laid aside1 & ! c>ds call$ = are dealt f ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 )\t fur!r %uffl+4 ,9 all o!r respects1 ! game is ,?ree-c>d ,loo4 ,,five-,,c>d ,,loo4 ,?is is ,iri% ,loo ) "s additional v>iations4 ,ea* r$ c\nt] %\ld be wor? five :ite ones1 & ! play]s w require ab\t fifty r$ c\nt]s ea* at />t+4 ,! deal] puts up five r$ c\nt]s4 ,any play] hold+ a flu% ( five c>ds 9 any suit may imm$iately claim ! pool1 & e p]son at ! table1 :e!r play+ or n1 is suppos$ to be loo$1 & pays five r$ c\nt]s to ! next pool4 ,if two play]s hold flu%es1 ! eld] h& w9s1 ev5 if ! y\ng] h& holds a flu% 9 trumps4 ,ano!r v>iation is to make ! club ,jack1 :i* is kn[n z ,pam1 always ! be/ trump4 ,comb9$ ) f\r c>ds ( any suit1 ?is c>d w make a flu%4 ,if any play] leads ! trump ace1 ! hold] ( ,pam mu/ pass ! trick if he c d s )\t revok+4 ,! old usage 0 = ! hold] ( ! trump ace to notify any play] hold+ ,pam to pass1 if he wi%$ him to d s2 b t is q sup]flu\s1 z no play] wants to lose 8 ace ( trumps1 & x goes )\t say+ t he wants ,pam to pass x4 99 99 99 99 99 ,int]e/+ articles on ,loo w be f\nd 9 8,bell's ,life10 ! 8,field10 ! 8,sportsman10 & ! 8,we/m9/] ,pap]s20 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ( ! latt] especially4 ,,all ,,f\rs ,,family4 ,all ,f\rs is to be f\nd among/ ! olde/ games ( c>ds1 & is ! p>5t ( a l>ge family ( v>iations1 all ( :i* are ( ,am]ican bir?4 ,! y\nge/ memb] ( ! family1 ,c9*1 seems to h a bright future be=e x1 & bids fair to become "o ( our mo/ popul> games4 ,! *ief defect 9 ,c9* has be5 ! me?od ( scor+1 :i* left too mu* to luck4 ,9 ! foll[+ pages ! au?or has attempt$ to rem$y ?is4 ,! "n1 8,all ,f\rs10 seems to h be5 v>i$ at times to 8,all ,f\r10 & 0 d]iv$ f f\r ( ! five po9ts :i* c\nt$ t[>ds game2 ! fif? po9t1 = 8gift0 hav+ be5 app>5tly q ov]look$4 ,! game 0 orig9ally t5 po9ts up1 & ! c>ds 7 dealt "o at a "t4 ,accord+ to ! descriptions 9 "s ( ! old] ,hoyles1 ! hon\rs & ,t5s ( ! pla9 suits did n c\nt t[>ds game2 b ?is is evid5tly an error1 = we f9d 9 ! same editions ! advice to trump or w9 ! adv]s>y's be/ c>ds 9 pla9 suits4 ,?is w\ld obvi\sly be a m]e wa/e ( trumps if ^! pla9-suit c>ds did n c\nt = any?+4 ,all ,f\rs seems to h be5 popul> ) all classes ( society at "o "t or ano!r4 ,cotton's 8,compleat ,game/]0 gives x among ! pr9cipal games 9 8 day1 #afgd4 ,da9es ,b>r+ton1 writ+ a hundr$ ye>s lat]1 speaks ( ,all ,f\rs 9 connection ) ,:i/4 8,:i/10 he says1 8seems nev] to h be5 play$ on pr9ciples until ab\t fifty ye>s ago2 be=e t "t #agce x 0 conf9$ *iefly to ! s]vants' hall1 ) ,all ,f\rs & ,put40 ,ano!r writ] tells u t ,ombre 0 ! fav\rite game ( ! ladies1 & ,piquet ( ! g5tlem5 p> excell5ce2 cl]gym5 & c\ntry squires pref]r+ ,:i/1 8:ile ! l[] ord]s %uffl$ away at ,all ,f\rs1 ,put1 ,cribbage1 & ,lant]loo40 ,9 #aged a pamphlet 0 publi%$ conta9+3 8,s]i\s ,reflections on ! dang]\s t5d5cy ( ! common practice ( ,c>d-play+2 especially ! game ( ,all ,f\r40 ,= _m ye>s ,all ,f\rs 0 look$ ^u z ! ,am]ican gambl]'s game p> excell5ce1 & x is /ill ! great /&by ( our col\r$ bro!r2 :o w\ld soon] swall[ a ,jack ?an h x caught4 ,,all ,,f\rs1 ,,sev5-,,up1 ,,or ,,old ,,sl$ge4 ,,c>ds4 ,sev5-up is play$ ) ! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b2 ! ace be+ ! highe/1 bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,,c\nt]s4 ,ea* play] or side %\ld be provid$ ) sev5 c\nt]s4 ,z ! po9ts accrue1 ^! c\nt]s are got rid ( by plac+ !m 9 a pool 9 ! c5tre ( ! table4 ,by ?is me?od a glance w %[ h[ _m ea* side or play] has 8to g10 t is1 h[ _m w put him out4 ,,play]s4 ,two1 ?ree or f\r p]sons may play4 ,:5 ?ree play1 ! game resembles ,cut-?roat ,eu*re1 ea* = himself4 ,:5 f\r play1 two are p>tn]s aga9/ ! o!r two1 & ! p>tn]s sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,! play] on ! deal]'s left1 or 8 adv]s>y if only two play1 is always spok5 ( z ! elde/ or eld] h&4 ,! "o on ! deal]'s "r is ! pone4 ,,cutt+4 ,if !re are f\r play]s1 !y cut = p>tn]s1 deal1 & *oice ( seats4 ,! two l[e/ are p>tn]s aga9/ ! two highe/2 ! highe/ cut has ! *oice ( seats1 & deals ! fir/ h&4 ,:5 two or ?ree play1 !y cut = seats & deal4 ,9 cutt+1 ! ace is high4 ,ties cut aga92 b ! new cut decides no?+ b ! tie4 ,,/akes4 ,if !re is any /ake1 x is = s mu* a game4 ,rubb]s are nev] play$4 ,,deal+4 ,ea* play] has ! "r to %uffle ! pack1 ! deal] la/1 & ! c>ds are !n pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut4 ,at lea/ f\r c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left1 ! deal] gives six c>ds to ea* play]1 ?ree on ! fir/ r\nd1 & ?ree m on ! second r\nd1 turn+ up ! next c>d = ! trump1 & leav+ x on ! rema9d] ( ! pack4 ,if ?is c>d is a ,jack1 ! deal] c\nts "o po9t = x imm$iately2 b if any play] is f\nd to h an incorrect numb] ( c>ds1 & ann\nces x be=e he plays to ! fir/ trick1 ! ,jack _c be c\nt$1 z x c\ld n h be5 ! prop] trump4 ,9 ,pit*1 or ,bl9d ,all ,f\rs1 no trump is turn$4 ,! fir/ c>d l$ or 8pit*$0 by ! elde/ h& is ! trump suit = t deal4 ,,misdeal+4 ,if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 or ! pack is prov$ to be imp]fect1 ! same deal] deals aga94 ,if he deals )\t hav+ ! c>ds cut1 or gives too _m or too few c>ds to any play]1 x is a misdeal1 & ! deal passes to ! next play] on ! misdeal]'s left4 ,if ! deal] exposes a c>d1 ! adv]s>ies may elect to h ! deal /&1 or to h a new deal by ! same deal]4 ,9 ,pit*1 a misdeal does n lose ! deal1 because ! deal is no advantage4 ,,begg+4 ,! deal complet$1 & ! trump turn$1 ! elde/ h& looks at 8 c>ds1 ! o!r play]s leav+ !irs unt\*$4 ,if ! elde/ h& is n satisfi$1 he says3 ,i beg2 & ! deal]1 aft] exam9+ 8 own h&1 has ! option ( giv+ him a po9t or runn+ ! c>ds4 ,if he decides to give ! po9t1 he says3 ,take x1 & ! elde/ h& imm$iately scores "o = ! gift4 ,if ! deal] w n give1 he lays ! trump c>d aside1 & deals ?ree m c>ds to ea* play]1 includ+ himself2 turn+ up ano!r trump4 ,%\ld ?is be a ,jack ( ano!r suit1 ! deal] scores a po9t = x at once4 ,%\ld x be ( ! same suit z t fir/ turn$ up1 ! ,jack _c be scor$1 z ! deal] has decl9$ to h t suit = ! trump4 ,:5 ! same suit is turn$ up a second "t1 ! c>d is laid aside2 ?ree m c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]1 ano!r trump is turn$1 & s on until a diff]5t suit comes up = ! trump4 ,if ! pack is exhau/$ be=e ano!r suit turns up1 ! c>ds mu/ be bun*$1 & ! same deal] deals aga94 ,! deal]'s p>tn] & ! pone are n p]mitt$ to look at _! c>ds until ! elde/ h& & ! deal] h decid$ :e!r to /& or run ! c>ds4 ,among /rict play]s1 if a p]son looks at 8 h& be=e ! prop] "t1 ! adv]s>ies score a po9t4 ,! object ( ?is rule is to prev5t ! possibility ( any expression ( satisfaction or disapproval ( ! turn-up trump4 ,no second beg is all[$1 b :5 only two play1 if ei!r play] is dissatisfi$ ) ! new trump he may propose to bun* ! c>ds4 ,if ! proposition is agre$ to1 ! c>ds are re%uffl$ & dealt aga9 by ! same deal]4 ,if ?ree play1 ! deal] mu/ give a po9t to bo? adv]s>ies if he refuses to run ! c>ds1 al?\gh only "o begs4 ,! deal] _c give a play] en\gh to put him out4 ,,disc>d+4 ,:5 ! c>ds h be5 run1 ! usual practice is to disc>d all sup]flu\s c>ds1 ea* play] r$uc+ 8 h& to six1 ) :i* he plays4 ,9 "s clubs x is ! rule to keep all ! c>ds if only n9e are 9 ea* h&1 b to disc>d d[n to six if two or m r\nds 7 dealt aft] turn+ ! fir/ trump4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! object 9 ,sev5-up is to secure c]ta9 po9ts :i* c\nt t[>ds game4 ,z its "n implies1 ! game is won :5 a play] has put up sev5 ( 8 c\nt]s1 ea* ( :i* repres5ts a po9t4 ,!re are six diff]5t ways ( mak+ ^! po9ts1 & x is possible = "o play] to make five ( !m 9 "o deal2 b he _c by any possibility make sev54 ,! foll[+ c\nt "o po9t ea*3 #a/4 ,turn+ up ! ,jack ( trumps4 #bnd4 ,be+ giv5 a po9t by ! deal]4 #crd4 ,hold+ ! ,highe/ trump4 #d?4 ,hold+ ! ,l[e/ trump4 #e?4 ,w9n+ a trick ) ! ,jack ( trumps 9 x4 #f?4 ,mak+ ! majority ( ! pips t c\nt = :at is call$ ,game4 ,turn+ ! ,jack is entirely a matt] ( *ance1 & %\ld n occur m ?an once 9 ?irte5 deals4 ,if a ,jack is turn$ e few deals1 y may be sure t unfair me?ods are be+ us$4 ,no?+ is m common among advantage play]s ?an turn+ up ,jacks e few deals4 ,begg+ is resort$ to by a play] :o holds no trumps1 or su* indiff]5t ones t x is v unlikely !y w be ei!r ,high or ,l[4 ,if he has any?+ bett]1 su* z v high or l[ c>ds 9 o!r suits1 su* a h& is call$1 8a good h& to run to10 & ! play] begs1 hop+ ! new trump w bett] fit 8 h&4 ,if he has no?+ bett] 9 o!r suits ?an 9 ! turn-up1 x w /ill be slightly 9 8 fav\r to beg1 unless he has trumps en\gh to give him "s hopes ( mak+ ! po9t = ,game4 ,x is a fatal error to beg on good c>ds1 & gambl]s h a say+ t he :o begs a po9t to-day1 w beg a /ake to-morr[4 ,high & ,l[ c\nt to ! play] to :om ^? c>ds are dealt1 & !re is no *ance to alt] ! =tunes ( ! deal except by begg+ & runn+ ! c>ds4 ,^! two po9ts may bo? be made by ! same c>d1 if x is ! only trump 9 play2 because ,high is c\nt$ = ! be/ trump out dur+ ! deal1 & ,l[ = ! l[e/1 no matt] :at ! c>ds are4 ,cat*+ ! ,jack1 or sav+ x1 is "o ( ! pr9cipal objects ( ! game1 & z a rule a play] hold+ ! ,jack %\ld lose no opportunity to save su* a valuable c\nt+ c>d4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a play] hold+ high] trumps w (t5 h to use good judgm5t z to :e!r to lead !m to cat* ! ,jack1 if x happ5s to be out2 or to keep quiet until ! la/ few tricks1 :5 if ! ,jack is n out1 su* trumps may be useful to w9 c>ds t c\nt = ,game4 ,! ,game is g5]ally kn[n z ! gambl]'s po9t1 because x is ! only po9t t mu/ be play$ = 9 e h&1 & its managem5t requires m skill ?an all ! o!rs put toge!r4 ,! c>ds t c\nt = ,game are ! f\r hon\rs & ! ,t5 ( ea* suit4 ,e ace c\nts #d2 e ,k+ #c2 e ,que5 #b2 e ,jack #a2 & e ,t5 #aj4 ,aft] ! la/ c>d has be5 play$1 ea* play] turns ov] ! tricks he has won1 & c\nts up ! pip value ( ! c\rt c>ds & ,t5s t he has won4 ,:oev] has ! highe/ numb] c\nts ! po9t = ,game4 ,= in/ance3 ,two are play+4 ,! eld] h& has tak5 9 an ace1 two ,k+s & a ,jack1 :i* are collectively wor? #aa4 ,! deal] has tak5 9 a ,que5 & a ,t51 :i* are wor? #ab2 s ! deal] m>ks ! po9t = ,game4 ,if bo? play]s h ! same numb]1 or if !re is no ,game out1 :i* r>ely happ5s1 ! non-deal] scores ,game4 ,if ?ree play1 & ,game is a tie betwe5 ! two non-deal]s1 nei!r scores4 ,! non-deal] is giv5 ! b5efit ( c\nt+ a tie = ,game z an (fset to ! deal]'s advantage 9 turn+ ,jacks4 ,:5 no trump is turn$1 z 9 ,pit*1 no "o c c\nt ,game if x is a tie4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! elde/ h& beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases4 ,if a trump is l$1 ea* play] mu/ foll[ suit if able4 ,:5 a pla9 suit is l$ he ne$ n foll[ suit if he pref]s to trump2 b if he does n trump1 he mu/ foll[ suit if he c4 ,if he has none ( ! suit l$ he may ei!r trump or disc>d4 ,?is rule is commonly express$ by say+ t a play] may foll[ suit or trump4 ,! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick takes x 91 & leads = ! next "o1 & s on until all ! c>ds h be5 play$4 ,! tricks !mselves h no value except = ! c\rt c>ds & ,t5s !y conta94 ,z ,high1 ,jack1 & ,game are always c\nt$ by ! play] hold+ ^? po9ts at ! end ( ! play1 !re c be no "q ab\t !m3 b s]i\s disputes sometimes arise z to :o play$ ,l[4 ,! be/ me?od ( avoid+ ?is is = ea* play]1 z ! game proce$s1 to ann\nce & claim ! l[e/ trump :i* has s f> appe>$1 & in/ead ( giv+ x to ! curr5t trick1 to leave x turn$ face up 9 front ( him if x is ( no c\nt+ value4 ,= in/ance3 ,f\r are play+1 & a r\nd ( trumps comes out1 ! six be+ ! l[e/4 ,! play] hold+ x ann\nces3 8,six = ,l[10 & keeps ! c>d face up 9 front ( him until "s small] trump appe>s4 ,x (t5 happ5s t a play] holds a #g or #h1 & hav+ no idea t x w be ,l[1 takes no notice ( x4 ,at ! end ( ! h& x is f\nd t bo? ! #g & #h are out1 ! #g be+ ,l[1 & ! hold]s ( ^? two c>ds get into an argum5t z to :i* c>d ea* ( !m held4 ,,scor+4 ,! la/ c>d play$1 ! v>i\s po9ts = ,high1 ,l[1 ,jack1 7if 9 play71 & ! ,game are claim$1 & ! play] or side hold+ !m puts a c\nt] 9 ! pool = ea*4 ,! side fir/ gett+ rid ( its sev5 c\nt]s w9s ! game4 ,if bo? sides make po9ts en\gh to w9 ! game on ! same deal1 ,high goes out fir/1 !n ,l[1 !n ,jack1 & !n ,game4 ,z already notic$1 "o c>d may be bo? ,high & ,l[2 ! ,jack may be ,high1 ,l[1 ,jack2 & x is ev5 possible1 if !re is no o!r trump or c\nt+ c>d 9 play1 = ! ,jack to be ,high1 ,l[1 ,jack1 & ! ,game4 ,9 ! v>iety kn[n z ,all ,fives1 ! score is kept on a cribbage bo>d1 & "p ( x is pegg$ z ! h& progresses4 ,a play] w9n+ a trick conta9+ any ( ! foll[+ c>ds 9 ! trump suit pegs !m imm$iately3--,= ! trump ace1 #d po9ts2 = ! ,k+ #c2 = ! ,que5 #b2 = ! ,jack #a2 = ! ,t5 #aj1 & = ! ,five #e4 ,aft] ! h& is ov]1 all ^! c>ds are c\nt$ ov] aga9 9 reckon+ ! po9t = ,game1 ! ,five ( trumps c\nt+ #e4 ,sixty-"o po9ts is game4 ,,irregul>ities ,,9 ,,play4 ,! mo/ s]i\s error 9 ,sev5-up is ! revoke4 ,if a play] does n foll[ suit :5 able1 x is a revoke unless he trumps ! trick4 ,a play] hold+ two small trumps & ! ,t5 ( a pla9 suit1 may trump bo? ! ace & ,k+ ( t suit in/ead ( giv+ up 8 ,t54 ,b if on ! ?ird r\nd ! ,que5 is l$1 & he _c trump x1 he mu/ play 8 ,t5 if he has no o!r c>d ( ! suit4 ,! only po9ts affect$ by ! revoke are ,jack & ,game4 ,if ! ,jack is n 9 play1 !re is only "o po9t t c be affect$ by ! revoke1 ! score = ,game2 & ! revoke p5alty is "o po9t1 :i* ! adv]s>y may add to 8 own score1 or d$uct f ! score ( ! revok+ play]4 ,! adv]s>y may also score ! po9t = ,game if he makes x2 b x _c be scor$ by ! revok+ play]2 :o may m>k only ,high or ,l[ if he holds ei!r or bo? ( ^? po9ts4 ,if ! ,jack is 9 play1 two po9ts may be affect$ by a revoke4 ,! play] 9 fault _c score ei!r ,jack or ,game1 & ! p5alty = ! revoke is two po9ts2 9 addition to :i* ! adv]s>y ( ! revok+ play] may score ei!r or bo? ,jack & ,game if he makes !m4 ,! revok+ play] _c w9 ! game t h&1 no matt] :at he scores1 b mu/ /op at six4 ,a revoke is e/abli%$ z soon z ! trick 9 :i* x occurs has be5 turn$ & quitt$1 or a c>d has be5 l$ or play$ to ! next trick4 ,expos$ ,c>ds4 ,:5 f\r play1 all expos$ c>ds mu/ be left on ! table1 & are liable to be call$ by ! adv]s>ies if !y _c be previ\sly got rid ( 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,all c>ds l$ or play$ out ( turn are expos$1 & liable to be call$4 ,if two or m c>ds are play$ to a trick1 ! adv]s>ies may select :i* %all rema92 ! o!r is expos$4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,*eat+4 ,few games l5d !mselves m readily to ! op]ations ( ! greek ?an ,sev5-up4 ,turn+ ,jacks f ! bottom ( ! pack2 sett+ up ! half-/ock = ! beg2 deal+ oneself m ?an six c>ds1 & dropp+ on ! tricks already won ^? c\nt+ = ,game2 gett+ ! ,a ,j #aj & #b ( a suit toge!r dur+ ! play ( a h&1 & !n %ift+ ! cut to get !m on ! next deal1 turn+ up ! ,jack2 m>k$ c>ds2 /ripp]s2 w$ges2 reflectors2 ^! & _m o!r tricks are 9 common use4 ,^? :o are n exp]t en\gh to deal seconds or %ift cuts w sometimes resort to su* trifl+ advantages z ab/ract+ "o ( ! ,t5s f ! pack1 s t !y may "k a suit f :i* a small c>d c always be l$ )\t any dang] ( ! adv]s>y's mak+ ! ,t54 ,"o v common sw9dle 9 ,sev5-up is kn[n z ! high h&1 :i* consi/s 9 giv+ ! int5d$ victim ! ,a ,k ,j #aj #i #b ( trumps1 & !n induc+ him to bet t he w make f\r po9ts4 ,no matt] h[ skilful ! play] may be1 he w f9d x impossible to save bo? ,jack & ,game4 ,,cali=nia ,,jack4 ,?is is a v>iety ( ,sev5-up = two play]s1 9 :i* ! numb] ( c>ds 9 ! h& is con/antly re/or$ to six by draw+ f ! rema9d] ( ! pack4 ,! trump suit is cut = be=e ! c>ds are %uffl$ & dealt4 ,! usual me?od is to cut = seats & deal1 & ! highe/ cut det]m9es ! trump suit at ! same "t4 ,aft] ea* play] has be5 giv5 six c>ds1 ?ree at a "t1 ! rema9d] ( ! pack is turn$ face up on ! table1 & ! w9n] ( ea* trick takes ! top c>d1 8 adv]s>y tak+ ! next "o4 ,:5 ! /ock is exhau/$1 ! la/ six c>ds are play$ z 9 ! ord9>y game ( ,sev5-up4 ,sev5 po9ts is game1 ! po9ts be+ ! same z 9 ,sev5-up2 b ev]y?+1 includ+ ,l[1 c\nts to ! play] w9n+ x4 ,%a/a ,sam is ,cali=nia ,jack ) ! rema9d] ( ! pack turn$ face d[n1 & is a mu* bett] game on t acc\nt4 ,,auction ,,pit*1 ,,sell ,,out1 ,,or ,,comm]cial ,,pit*4 ,?is v popul> r\nd game d]ives its "n f ! fact t ! fir/ c>d l$ or 8pit*$0 is ! trump suit1 & t ! privilege ( pit*+ x belongs to ! elde/ h&1 :o may sell x out to ! highe/ bidd]4 ,! numb] ( c>ds & _! rank is ! same z at ,sev5-up2 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b1 ! ace be+ ! highe/ 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,play]s4 ,any numb] f f\r to sev5 may play1 ea* = himself2 five is consid]$ ! be/ game4 ,! play]s cut = *oice ( seats1 ! highe/ cut tak+ ! fir/ *oice & ! deal4 ,c\nt]s4 ,ea* play] %\ld be provid$ ) sev5 :ite c\nt]s to m>k ! game4 ,if /akes are play$ =1 r$ c\nt]s are us$ to make up ! pool1 "o play] act+ z ! bank] to sell & r$eem all r$ c\nt]s4 ,deal+4 ,six c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 ?ree at a "t1 b no trump is turn$4 ,all ! rules = irregul>ities 9 ! deal are ! same z 9 ,sev5-up1 b a misdeal does n lose ! deal "u any circum/ances4 ,objects ( ! ,game4 ,z 9 ,sev5-up1 ! object ( ea* play] is to get rid ( 8 sev5 c\nt]s1 "o ( :i* he is entitl$ to put 9 ! pool = ea* ( ! foll[+ po9ts3 ,= hold+ ! highe/ trump 9 play2 = hold+ 7hav+ dealt to him7 ! l[e/ trump 9 play2 = w9n+ a trick ) ! ,jack ( trumps 9 x2 = mak+ ! greate/ numb] ( ! pips t c\nt = ! game po9t4 ,! details ( ^! po9ts h already be5 expla9$ 9 connection ) ,sev5-up4 ,if ! c\nt = ,game is a tie1 no "o scores x4 ,bidd+4 ,! elde/ h& sells4 ,if he pit*es )\t wait+ = a bid he mu/ make f\r po9ts1 or he w be set back t numb]4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! left ( ! elde/ h&1 bids = ! privilege ( pit*+ ! trump1 nam+ ! numb] ( po9ts he ?9ks he c make4 ,if he w n bid1 he mu/ say di/9ctly3 8,i pass40 ,aft] a bid has be5 made1 any foll[+ play] mu/ bid high] or pass4 ,!re are no second bids4 ,! highe/ numb] any play] c bid is f\r1 :i* w require him to make ,high1 ,l[1 ,jack1 & ! ,game aga9/ ! comb9$ ef=ts ( all ! o!r play]s4 ,! elde/ h& mu/ ei!r accept ! numb] bid1 or pit* ! trump himself1 & make z _m po9ts z ! highe/ bidd] (f]$ him4 ,if ! elde/ h& accepts1 he pu%es into ! pool z _m c\nt]s z he is bid1 & ! successful bidd] pit*es ! trump4 ,if no bid is made1 ! elde/ h& mu/ pit* ! trump himself4 ,a bidd] is n all[$ to give ! sell] en\gh po9ts to put him out1 & %\ld he d s by mi/ake1 he =feits 8 "r to bid at all = t deal4 ,if ! sell] has only two to g1 & a play] is able to bid ?ree or f\r1 he loses no?+ by bidd+ "o only1 = no "o c ov]bid him1 & he is entitl$ to c\nt all he makes4 ,! only risk he runs is t ! sell] c af=d to refuse "o1 & w g out on 8 own pit*4 ,to rem$y ?is x is ! cu/om 9 "s clubs to all[ a play] to bid ! full value ( 8 h&4 ,if ! sell] accepts1 he scores to )9 "o ( game2 b if he refuses1 he mu/ make z _m z bid1 ev5 if he does n actually want !m4 ,x is "o ( ! f9e po9ts ( ! game = ! sell] to refuse :5 ! numb] ( po9ts (f]$ w\ld put ! bidd] out if he 0 successful4 ,!re is no p5alty = bidd+ out ( turn4 ,if a play] *ooses to expose to a prec$+ play] :at he is prep>$ to bid1 t is usually to 8 own disadvantage4 ,bidd+ to ! ,bo>d4 ,mod]n play]s usually adopt ! practice ( bidd+ to ! bo>d1 elde/ h& hav+ ! fir/ bid4 ,9 ?is =m ( ! game ! po9ts bid c\nt to no "o1 & anyone c bid up to f\r1 no matt] :at ! scores are4 ,no "o c claim ! privilege ( pit*+ ! trump = z _m z bid1 z ea* 9 turn mu/ bid high] or pass4 ,play+4 ,! successful bidd] has ! fir/ lead1 & :atev] c>d he plays1 :e!r by mi/ake or n1 is ! trump suit = t deal4 ,aft] t1 ! w9n] ( ! trick may lead any suit he pleases4 ,a play] mu/ foll[ suit 9 trumps if he is able to d s2 b 9 a pla9 suit he may trump if he *ooses1 al?\gh hold+ a c>d ( ! suit l$4 ,if he does n trump1 he mu/ foll[ suit if he c4 ,if he has none ( ! suit l$1 he may trump or disc>d z he pleases4 ,! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,scor+4 ,at ! end ( ! h& ! v>i\s play]s claim ! po9ts made1 & score !m by plac+ :ite c\nt]s 9 ! pool4 ,if ! bidd] makes any po9ts 9 excess ( ! numb] bid1 he scores !m4 ,! fir/ play] to get rid ( 8 sev5 :ite c\nt]s w9s ! pool1 & takes d[n all ! r$ c\nt]s x conta9s4 ,! :ite c\nt]s are !n r$i/ribut$1 & ! play]s cut = ! fir/ deal ( ! new game4 ,if two play]s c c\nt out on ! same deal1 & "o ( !m is ! bidd]1 he w9s ! pool if he has made good 8 bid4 ,if nei!r ( ! ties is ! bidd]1 ! po9ts c\nt out 9 _! regul> ord]1 ,high fir/1 !n ,l[1 !n ,jack1 & f9ally ,game4 ,= in/ance3 ,sev5 are play+4 ,a sells to ,b1 :o bids two4 ,b & ,c h ea* two to g4 ,b pit*es a trump ( :i* ,c has bo? ,high & ,l[2 b if ,b makes ,jack & ,game he w9s ! pool1 because he bid only two po9ts1 & made !m4 ,?is is g5]ally express$ by ! rule3 bidd] goes out fir/4 ,sett+ ,back4 ,if ! play] :o pit*es ! trump fails to make ! numb] ( po9ts bid1 he is set back1 & scores no?+ = any po9ts he may h made4 ,a play] :o is set back1 ei!r = ov]bidd+ 8 h&1 or = refus+ to sell & fail+ to make ! numb] ( po9ts (f]$ him1 mu/ )draw f ! pool z _m :ite c\nt]s z 7 bid1 & add !m to 8 own4 ,= in/ance3 ,x is ,a's sell4 ,a & ,b ea* h two to g4 ,b bids ?ree1 :i* ,a refuses1 pit*+ ! trump himself4 ,a makes only two po9ts1 ,b scor+ "o1 & a ?ird play] ,d1 ano!r4 ,b & ,d score "o ea*1 b ,a scores no?+ = ! two po9ts he made1 & mu/ take ?ree :ite c\nt]s f ! pool1 :i* w make him five to g4 ,_h ! bid :i* ,a refus$ be5 two only1 he w\ld h won ! game1 z he made two po9ts4 ,9 _m clubs x is ! cu/om = a play] :o is set back to add a r$ c\nt] to ! pool4 ,irregul>ities 9 ,play4 ,if any adv]s>y ( ! play] :o pit*es ! trump leads or plays out ( turn1 he may be call$ ^u by ! bidd] to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit l$2 or to trump or n to trump ! trick4 ,if any play] b ! pit*] has foll[$ ! errone\s lead1 ! c>ds mu/ be tak5 back2 b if ! pit*] has foll[$1 ! error _c be rectifi$4 ,9 case ( a revoke1 ! h& is play$ out z if ! revoke _h n occurr$1 & ea* play] except ! p]son 9 error c\nts :atev] po9ts he makes4 ,if ! pit*] ( ! trump fails to make ! numb] ( po9ts bid1 he _c be set back1 b mu/ be all[$ to score any po9ts he makes4 ,! revok+ play] is !n set back ! numb] ( po9ts bid1 & =feits a r$ c\nt] to ! pool4 ,if no bid 0 made1 he is set back two po9ts4 ,,smudge4 ,9 ?is v>iation ( auction pit*1 any play] :o is n 9 ! hole w9s ! game at once if he c bid f\r & make x4 ,,p$ro4 ,p$ro1 ,p$ro ,san*o1 ,dom ,p$ro1 & ,snooz]1 are all v>ieties ( ,auction ,pit*1 9 :i* c]ta9 c\nt+ c>ds are add$1 & second>y bids are all[$4 ,ev]y?+ c\nts to ! play] w9n+ x1 in/ead ( to ! "o to :om x is dealt4 ,! game po9t is scor$ by ! play] :o w9s ! trick conta9+ ! ,t5 ( trumps4 ,if t c>d is n 9 play !re is no ,game4 ,9 ,p$ro ,san*o1 ! ,five & ,n9e ( trumps c\nt _! pip value 9 scor+1 s t #ah po9ts c be bid & made on "o deal2 "o ea* = ,high1 ,l[1 ,jack1 & ,game1 & f\rte5 m = ! ,n9e & ,five ( trumps4 ,^! two trumps h no special rank4 ,! ,t5 w w9 ! ,n9e1 & ! ,six w take ! ,five4 ,9 "s places all ! c>ds 9 ! pack are dealt out1 :i* makes a mu* bett] game 9 any =m ( ,p$ro4 ,! elde/ h& sells1 z at ,auction ,pit*4 ,if a play]'s fir/ bid is rais$ he may raise aga9 9 8 prop] turn4 ,fifty po9ts is game1 & ! play]s are usually provid$ ) two v>ieties ( c\nt]s = scor+2 "o wor? five po9ts1 & ! o!r wor? "o4 ,! rank ( ! po9ts 9 scor+ is2 ,high1 ,l[1 ,jack1 ,t5 7,game71 ,five1 & ,n9e4 ,! revoke p5alty is to be set back ! numb] ( po9ts bid1 or t5 po9ts if !re is no bid1 & ! play] 9 fault _c score any?+ t h&4 ,9 all o!r respects ! rules are ! same z 9 ,auction ,pit*4 ,9 ,dom ,p$ro1 or ,snooz]1 ! ,jok] is add$ to ! pack1 & ! ,?ree1 ,five1 & ,n9e ( trumps c\nt _! pip value 9 scor+4 ,! ,jok]1 or ,snooz]1 c\nts fifte51 s t ?irty-six po9ts c be bid & made on "o deal4 ,! ,jok] is ! l[e/ trump1 s t ! deuce ( trumps w w9 x1 b x w w9 any trick 9 pla9 suits4 ,fifty or a hundr$ po9ts is ! game4 ,9 c\nt+ out1 ! ord] ( prec$5ce is3 ,high1 ,l[1 ,jack1 ,t5 7,game71 ,?ree1 ,five1 ,n9e1 ,snooz]4 ,,c9*1 ,,d\ble ,,p$ro1 ,,or ,,high ,,five4 ,?is is n[ reg>d$ z ! mo/ important v>iety ( ,all ,f\rs1 & bids fair to supplant ! p>5t game altoge!r4 ,prop]ly speak+1 ,c9* is "o ( ! p$ro v>iations ( ,auction ,pit*1 ! diff]5ce be+ t no "o sells1 & t !re is add$ ! always popul> ,am]ican feature ( a draw to improve ! h&4 ,! d]ivation & mean+ ( ! "n1 ,c9*1 seems to be v mu* misund]/ood4 ,_m p]sons assume x is simply a "n = ! ,left ,p$ro1 b su* is n ! case4 ,c9* is a ,mexican ^w = a /rong saddle-gir?1 & :5 us$ z a v]b x ref]s to ! mann] ( adju/+ ! gir? on a buck+ bron*o s t no am\nt ( kick+ w get him free4 ,! ^w is us$ 9 ?is s5se to describe "o ( ! pr9cipal tactics ( ! c>d game1 :i* is to 8c9*0 c]ta9 tricks1 s t ! adv]s>y _c possibly get ei!r ( ! ,p$roes free4 ,,c>ds4 ,c9* is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds :i* rank ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b4 ,:5 ! suit is trumps ! #e reta9s its natural position1 & is kn[n z ! ,"r ,p$ro2 b ! #e ( ! same col\r z ! trump suit1 :i* is kn[n z ! ,left ,p$ro1 ranks betwe5 ! #e & #d ( ! trump suit4 ,! ace is highe/ 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,:i/-play]s1 :o h tak5 up ,c9* z a side issue1 are 9 ! habit ( mak+ ! ace l[e/ 9 cutt+2 b su* a practice is out ( h>mony ) all o!r memb]s ( ! ,sev5-up family ( games4 ,,c\nt]s4 ,! score is usually kept on a %eet ( pap]2 b x is m conv5i5t to provide ea* side ) #h r$ & #aa :ite c\nt]s1 repres5t+ #ea po9ts2 ! :ites be+ wor? #a1 & ! r$s #e ea*4 ,a good pull-up cribbage bo>d is /ill bett]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pull-,,up ,,game ,,c\nt]4 ,,play]s4 ,any numb] f two to six c play2 b ! regul> game is = f\r p]sons1 two ( :om are p>tn]s aga9/ ! o!r two4 ,! play] on ! deal]'s left is ! elde/ h&2 on ! deal]'s "r is ! pone4 ,,cutt+4 ,! play]s draw f an outspread pack = p>tn]s1 seats1 & deal4 ,! two l[e/ play aga9/ ! two highe/2 ! highe/ cut has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds1 & deals ! fir/ h&4 ,p>tn]s sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,,deal+4 ,ea* play] has ! "r to %uffle ! pack1 ! deal] la/4 ,! c>ds are !n pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 & at lea/ f\r c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left1 ! deal] gives n9e c>ds to ea* play]1 ?ree at a "t 9 ?ree sep>ate r\nds4 ,no trump is turn$1 & ! rema9d] ( ! pack is left on ! table face d[nw>d4 ,,misdeal+4 ,if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 ! c>ds mu/ be re%uffl$ & dealt aga94 ,if ! deal] exposes a c>d 9 deal+1 or turns up a trump by mi/ake1 ! adv]s>ies may elect to h a new deal by ! same deal]1 or to let ! deal /&4 ,if ! deal] gives too _m or too few c>ds to any play]1 or fails to give ! same numb] ( c>ds 9 ea* r\nd1 x is a misdeal1 & ! deal passes to ! next play] on ! left4 ,any play] deal+ out ( turn1 or ) ! wrong c>ds1 may be /opp$ be=e ! la/ ?ree c>ds are dealt2 b aft] t ! deal /&s good4 ,if a misdeal is n discov]$ until aft] a bid has be5 made1 ! deal /&s good if ?ree play]s h _! "r numb] ( c>ds4 ,! deal passes 9 regul> rotation to ! left4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! game is fifty-"o po9ts1 & ! side fir/ pegg+ t numb]1 or gett+ rid ( its fifty-"o c\nt]s is ! w9n]4 ,f\rte5 po9ts are made on e deal1 z foll[s3-- #a ,= ,high1 ! ace ( trumps4 #a ,= ,l[1 ! deuce ( trumps4 #a ,= ! ,jack ( trumps4 #a ,= ! ,t5 ( trumps1 or ,game4 #e ,= ! ,five ( trumps1 or ,"r ,p$ro4 #e ,= ! ,five ( ! same col\r1 or ,left ,p$ro4 -- #ad po9ts altoge!r2 all 9 ! trump suit4 ,all ^! po9ts1 includ+ ,l[1 c\nt to ! play] w9n+ !m1 & n to ! play]s to :om !y are dealt4 ,?is saves endless disputes4 ,,bidd+4 ,beg9n+ ) ! elde/ h&1 ea* play] 9 turn1 aft] exam9+ 8 n9e c>ds1 c make "o bid = ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit4 ,! peculi>ity ( ?is bidd+ is t nobody sells1 ! bids be+ made to ! bo>d1 z x is call$4 ,! bidd] ann\nces ! numb] ( po9ts he ?9ks he c make 7) 8 p>tn]'s assi/ance7 b does n "n ! trump suit4 ,if a play] w n bid1 he says3 8,i pass40 ,aft] a bid has be5 made 9 its prop] turn1 any foll[+ play] mu/ bid high] or pass4 ,no "o is all[$ to bid m ?an f\rte54 ,!re are no second bids1 & a bid once made _c be am5d$ or )drawn4 ,! play] :o has made ! highe/ bid is call$ ^u to "n ! trump suit4 ,irregul> ,bids4 ,if any play] bids be=e ! elde/ h& has bid or pass$1 bo? ! play] 9 error & 8 p>tn] lose _! "r to make any bid t deal2 b ! side n 9 error mu/ bid aga9/ ea* o!r = ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit4 ,if ! elde/ h& has decid$1 & ! pone bids )\t wait+ = ! deal]'s p>tn]1 ! pone loses 8 bid1 & ! deal] may bid be=e 8 p>tn]1 )\t p5alty4 ,if ! deal] bids be=e 8 p>tn] has decid$1 bo? he & 8 p>tn] lose _! "r to bid t deal2 b ! pone is /ill at lib]ty to ov]bid ! elde/ h& = ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump4 ,if ! deal]'s p>tn] has bid1 & ! deal] bids )\t wait+ = ! pone1 ! deal] loses 8 "r to bid = t deal4 ,if a play] ^: p>tn] has n yet bid names ! trump suit1 8 p>tn] loses ! "r to bid4 ,if no bid is made1 ! deal] may "n any suit he pleases1 )\t bidd+4 ,if any play] exposes a c>d be=e ! trump suit is nam$1 ! adv]s>ies may elect to h a new deal by ! same deal]4 ,,disc>d+ ,,& ,,draw+4 ,! trump suit nam$1 ea* play] disc>ds & leaves face upw>d on ! table z _m c>ds z he pleases4 ,he mu/ disc>d ?ree1 to r$uce 8 h& to six c>ds4 ,if he disc>ds m ?an ?ree he mu/ draw f ! rema9d] ( ! pack to re/ore ! numb] ( 8 c>ds to six2 s t aft] ! disc>d & draw ea* play] at ! table w h exactly six c>ds1 al?\gh n9e 7 orig9ally dealt him4 ,! deal]1 beg9n+ on 8 left1 gives to ea* play] 9 turn z _m c>ds f ! top ( ! pack z may be necess>y to re/ore ! numb] 9 8 h& to six4 ,:5 x comes to ! deal]'s turn1 in/ead ( tak+ c>ds f ! top ( ! pack1 he may se>* ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 & take f x any c>ds t he pleases4 ,?is is call$ robb+ ! deck4 ,%\ld he f9d 9 8 own h& & ! rema9d] ( ! pack m ?an six trumps1 he mu/ disc>d ^? he does n want1 %[+ !m face up on ! table ) ! o!r disc>ds4 ,%\ld any play] disc>d a trump1 8 p>tn] has ! "r to call 8 att5tion to x1 & if ! play] has n be5 help$ to c>ds1 or has n lift$ ! c>ds drawn1 ! trump errone\sly disc>d$ may be tak5 back2 o!rwise x mu/ rema9 among ! disc>ds until ! h& has be5 play$1 :51 if x is ( any c\nt+ value1 x mu/ be add$ to ! score ( ! side mak+ ! trump4 ,al?\gh !re is no law to t effect1 x is consid]$ imp]ative = ea* play] except ! deal] to disc>d ev]y?+ b trumps4 ,?is is p>tly because no o!r c>ds are ( ! slighte/ use1 & p>tly because "o ( ! po9ts ( ! game is t ! numb] ( trumps held by ea* play] be=e ! draw %\ld be indicat$ by 8 disc>d4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! play] :o has nam$ ! trump suit beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases4 ,if a trump is l$1 e "o mu/ foll[ suit if able to d s1 & x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! ,left ,p$ro is "o ( ! trump suit4 ,:5 a pla9 suit is l$1 any play] may trump if he *ooses1 al?\gh hold+ "o ( ! suit l$2 b if he does n trump1 he mu/ foll[ suit if he c4 ,if he has none ( ! suit l$ he may trump or disc>d at pleasure4 ,! highe/ c>d play$ ( ! suit l$ w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,! ,five ( trumps1 or any high]1 w w9 ! ,left ,p$ro2 b ! ,left ,p$ro w w9 ! ,f\r ( trumps1 or any l[]4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick ga!rs x 91 turn+ x face d[n1 & leads = ! next trick1 & s on1 until all six tricks h be5 play$4 ,! tricks !mselves h no value1 & ne$ n be kept sep>ate4 ,! la/ trick turn$ & quitt$ may be se51 b no o!r4 ,irregul>ities 9 ,play+4 ,if1 dur+ ! play ( a h&1 any p]son is f\nd to h too _m c>ds1 8 h& is f\l1 & nei!r he nor 8 p>tn] c score any po9ts = t deal1 b !y may play ! h& out to prev5t ! adv]s>ies f scor+ ev]y?+4 ,if he has too few c>ds !re is no p5alty4 ,if a play] leads out ( turn1 & ! ?ree o!rs foll[ him1 ! trick /&s good4 ,if all h n foll[$ ! false lead1 _! c>ds mu/ be tak5 back1 b only ! lead]'s c>d is liable to be call$4 ,if x 0 ! turn ( ! p>tn] ( ! play] 9 error to lead1 ! adv]s>y on 8 "r may call ^u him to lead or n to lead a trump2 b he _c specify ! pla9 suit4 ,if x 0 ! turn ( ei!r adv]s>y ( ! play] 9 error to lead1 ! c>d l$ 9 error is simply expos$4 ,if ! ?ird h& plays be=e ! second1 ! f\r? may play be=e ! second also4 ,if ! f\r? h& plays be=e 8 p>tn]1 ?ird h& n hav+ play$1 ! trick may be claim$ by ! adv]s>ies1 reg>dless ( :o w9s x2 b ! play] :o actually w9s x leads = ! next trick4 ,if a play] has a c>d ( ! suit l$1 & nei!r foll[s suit nor plays a trump1 x is a revoke2 &1 if detect$ & claim$ by ! adv]s>ies1 nei!r ! play] 9 error nor 8 p>tn] c score any po9ts t h&2 b ! h& may be play$ out to prev5t ! adv]s>ies f scor+ ev]y?+4 ,if an adv]s>y ( ! bidd] revokes1 ! bidd]'s side scores all po9ts x makes1 reg>dless ( ! numb] bid4 ,= in/ance3 ,a has bid n9e2 & ,y revokes4 ,a-,b make eight only1 :i* !y score1 ,y-,z scor+ no?+4 ,:5 a play] r5\nces1 8 p>tn] %\ld ask him if he is void ( ! suit4 ,if any play] ab&ons 8 h&1 ! c>ds 9 x may be expos$ & call$ by ! adv]s>ies4 ,! practice ( ?r[+ d[n ! h& z soon z "o r5\nces to trumps1 _c be too /rongly condemn$4 ,all expos$ c>ds1 su* z c>ds dropp$ on ! table2 two or m play$ at once2 c>ds l$ out ( turn2 or c>ds nam$ by ! play] hold+ !m1 mu/ be left face up on ! table1 & are liable to be call$ by ! adv]s>ies1 unless !y c be previ\sly got rid ( 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,if ! expos$ c>d is a trump1 ! adv]s>ies may prev5t its be+ play$1 b ! hold] ( x is n liable = a revoke 9 su* cases4 ,,scor+4 ,:5 ! la/ c>d has be5 play$1 ea* side turns ov] all ! tricks won1 & c\nts ! po9ts !y conta92 ,high1 ,l[1 ,jack1 ,game1 ,"r & ,left ,p$ro4 ,ev]y?+1 includ+ ,l[1 c\nts to ! side w9n+ x4 ,! numb] ( po9ts won or lo/ is det]m9$ by d$uct+ ! l[] score f ! high]1 ! diff]5ce be+ ! numb] ( po9ts won on t deal4 ,if x is a tie1 nei!r side scores4 ,if ei!r side has incurr$ a p5alty :i* prev5ts !m f scor+ any po9ts !y may h won1 ! adv]s>ies h no?+ to d$uct1 & score all !y make4 ,if ! side t nam$ ! trump fails to make z _m po9ts z x bid1 x scores no?+1 & ! numb] ( po9ts bid are scor$ by ! adv]s>ies1 9 addition to any po9ts t ! adv]s>ies may h made 9 play4 ,= in/ance3 ,a-,b are p>tn]s aga9/ ,y-,z4 ,b has bid to make #h1 & nam$ he>ts = trumps4 ,a-,b make #aj1 :i* is #b m ?an !y bid1 ,y-,z gett+ ! o!r #d2 :i* leaves ,a-,b #f4 ,^! are scor$ by plac+ "o r$ & "o :ite c\nt] 9 ! pool4 ,b suppose ,a-,b got only #e po9ts1 ,y-,z gett+ #i4 ,a-,b w\ld score no?+1 z !y did n make good _! bid2 :ile ,y-,z w\ld score ! #i po9ts actually won1 & ! #h po9ts bid 9 addition1 or #ag altoge!r4 ,! old way ( scor+ 0 to set back ! side t fail$ to make ! numb] bid2 b t sy/em ( c\nt+ entirely de/roy$ ! int]e/ 9 ! game :5 "o side got mu* beh9d2 because x c\ld n recov] 9 "t to prev5t ! o!r side f sweat+ out1 z x is call$4 ,suppose ,a-,b h be5 set back #ah po9ts on two failures1 ,y-,z hav+ made #af po9ts on ^? two deals1 & #bc on _! own bids4 ,! score w /&3 ,a-,b #fd to g2 ,y-,z1 #ab to g4 ,ev5 if we suppose t ,a-,b make #aa on ea* ( ! next f\r deals1 !y w /ill h #bj to g1 :ile ,y-,z w be out4 ,aga93 ,a-,b want #ae1 ,y-,z want #b4 ,ev5 if ,a-,b c bid #ab & make x1 ,y-,z w sweat out4 ,) ! sy/em ( scor+ "h recomm5d$1 ?is sweat+ out is impossible1 & x is n uncommon = a side t wants "o to g1 to be beat5 by an adv]s>y t wants =ty-n9e4 ,! side fir/ pegg+ out on a cribbage-bo>d1 or gett+ rid ( its fifty-"o c\nt]s1 w9s ! game4 ,:5 ! game is c\nt$ on a pull-up cribbage m>k]1 x is usual to />t ) t5 up1 & peg out to ! game-hole1 or #fa4 ,,v>iations4 ,!re are q a numb] ( m9or diff]5ces 9 ! mann] ( play+ ,c9*4 ,sometimes1 in/ead ( disc>d+ & draw+1 aft] ! successful bidd] has be5 asc]ta9$1 b be=e he names ! trump1 f\r m c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]1 includ+ ! deal]4 ,hav+ se5 ?irte5 c>ds1 ! bidd] names ! trump suit1 & ! h&s are !n r$uc$ to six c>ds ea*4 ,?is me?od gives no clue to ! numb] ( trumps orig9ally held1 & deprives ! deal] ( "o ( ! greate/ advantages ( 8 position1 robb+ ! deck4 ,ano!r me?od is to disc>d & draw aft] ! trump is nam$1 b to make ! deal] take 8 c>ds f ! top ( ! pack to complete 8 h&1 )\t see+ :at he is to get4 ,?is (t5 leaves c\nt+ c>ds 9 ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 :i* mu/ rema9 face d[n1 & be kept sep>ate f ! disc>ds4 ,su* po9ts c\nt = nei!r side2 b any po9ts f\nd among ! disc>ds may be c\nt$ by ! side mak+ ! trump1 z 9 ! ord9>y game4 ,ow+ to ! unc]ta9ty z to ! numb] ( po9ts actually 9 play1 ! result is controll$ m l>gely by luck ?an skill4 ,9 "s places ! fir/ lead f ! successful bidd] mu/ be a trump4 ,?is makes ! game too mu* l ,auction ,pit*1 & spoils "s ( ! f9] po9ts 9 lead+4 ,l[ is sometimes c\nt$ = ! p]son to :om x is dealt4 ,su* a rule causes endless confusion & disputes4 ,! old me?od ( scor+ has already be5 m5tion$4 ,ano!r v>iation is t if ! bidd]'s side d n make at lea/ #h po9ts !y _c score any?+1 no matt] :at !y bid4 ,if bo? sides score #g1 nei!r hav+ bid m ?an #g1 nei!r scores4 ,if "o side bids #f1 & makes #h1 x scores #h2 b ! adv]s>ies score ! #f !y make4 ,if ! side bidd+ #f _h made #f only1 x w\ld score no?+1 :ile _! adv]s>ies w\ld m>k ! #h !y made4 ,! only good result ( ! #f bid 9 ?is case is to prev5t ! adv]s>ies f scor+ = a failure2 = if #g _h be5 bid1 & only #f made1 ! adv]s>ies w\ld h scor$ ! #g bid 9 addition to ! #h !y made1 or #ae 9 all4 ,?is sy/em1 :ile bett] ?an ! old way1 because x nev] sets play]s back1 /ill all[s "o side to sweat out2 because if ! bidd] does n make #ad1 ! adv]s>ies mu/ c\nt some?+ e deal4 ,five or six play]s1 ea* = himself1 may play :at is call$ ,auction ,c9*1 or ,razzle-dazzle4 ,only six c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 ?ree on ! fir/ r\nd & ?ree on ! second4 ,!n ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit is bid = z usual4 ,aft] ! trump is nam$1 sup]flu\s c>ds are ?r[n out1 & o!rs drawn 9 _! place1 re/or+ ! h&s to six c>ds ea*4 ,! successful bidd] !n calls ^u ! hold] ( any giv5 c>d to be 8 p>tn]4 ,! p]son hold+ ! c>d nam$ _c refuse1 & says3 8,i play ) y40 ,! p>tn]%ip ?us =m$ plays aga9/ ! comb9$ =ces ( ! o!r play]s1 b )\t *ang+ seats4 ,! mak] ( ! trump leads fir/1 any c>d he pleases4 ,= in/ance3 ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e are play+4 ,c bids #h & names clubs4 ,aft] ! draw he f9ds he holds ,a ,j #aj #e #b ( trumps4 ,he calls = ! club ,k+ z 8 p>tn]1 & leads 8 ,p$ro at once = ! ,k+ to take x 94 ,he is !n c]ta9 to cat* ! o!r ,p$ro1 or to save ?ree ( ! f\r po9ts = ,high1 ,l[1 ,jack1 & ! ,game4 ,^? :o h play$ ,sev5-h&$ ,eu*re w at once recognize ! simil>ity ( ! two games4 ,bo? are excell5t r\nd games = ! family circle4 ,progressive ,c9* is play$ by deal+ "o r\nd at ea* table2 t is1 f\r deals1 ea* play] hav+ ! deal once only4 ,! ord9>y game ( ,c9* is play$1 & ! pair hav+ ! fewe/ po9ts to g at ! end ( ! f\r deals progress to ! next high] table4 ,ties cut to decide1 high go+ up4 ,on arriv+ at ! next table1 ! p>tn]s divide1 & ano!r game ( f\r deals is play$1 ! w9n+ pair aga9 progress+4 ,! g5]al arrangem5ts = ! orig9al positions ( ! play]s1 & ! prizes to be giv51 are ! same z 9 ,progressive ,eu*re1 & h be5 fully describ$ 9 connection ) t game4 ,bl9d ,c9*4 ,in/ead ( giv+ ea* play] ?irte5 c>ds at once1 ! h&s are dealt 9 two p>ts4 ,fir/ ( all1 n9e c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 ?ree at a "t4 ,!n f\r c>ds are dealt 9 front ( ea* play]1 b n to be t\*$ until ! bidd+ is f9i%$4 ,! highe/ bidd] takes up 8 f\r extra c>ds & !n names ! trump1 aft] :i* he disc>ds d[n to six c>ds = play4 ,! o!rs !n take up _! f\r c>ds & disc>d d[n to six1 & ! game proce$s l regul> c9*4 ,sixty-?ree4 ,9 ?is v>iation1 n9e c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 ?ree at a "t4 ,aft] ! bidd+1 ! play]s disc>d & fill up aga9 to six c>ds4 ,play]s are all[$ sev]al bids1 ea* rais+ 9 turn if he is rais$4 ,! highe/ bid possible is sixty-?ree1 & ^! may be made z foll[s3 ,high1 l[1 ,jack1 & t5 ( trumps c\nt #a ea*2 p$ros1 #e ea*2 ,k+ ( trumps1 #be2 trey ( trumps1 #ae2 n9e ( trumps1 #i4 ,game is #aej po9ts4 ,wid[ ,c9*4 ,six play]s cut = p>tn]s1 two on a side4 ,ea* play] has two adv]s>ies betwe5 himself & 8 p>tn]4 ,! deal] gives ea* play] eight c>ds1 f\r at a "t1 & f\r are dealt to ! table aft] ! fir/ r\nd to ! play]s4 ,^! f\r c>ds are ! wid[4 ,! successful bidd] c take ! wid[ be=e he names ! trump1 & !n all ! play]s disc>d d[n to six c>ds4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,!re is a great div]sity ( op9ion on bidd+4 ,"s p]sons always bid six on an ace1 if !y hold nei!r ( ! ,p$roes4 ,?is is bas$ on ! s\nd pr9ciple t ! odds are five to f\r 9 fav\r ( y\r p>tn] hav+ "o ( ! ,p$roes1 :i* he w imm$iately give up if y lead ! ace4 ,! odds are five to two t y\r p>tn] w hold "o or m ( any ?ree nam$ c\nt+ c>ds :i* y d n hold4 ,if y h no ,p$ro1 c\nt on him = "o1 & if y h ,k+ & ,que51 y c risk 8 hav+ a gu>d to x1 & bid z if y 7 sure ( gett+ 8 ,p$ro home4 ,if y h none ( ! po9ts = ,high1 ,l[1 ,jack1 or ,game1 or only "o ( !m1 c\nt on him = "o at lea/1 & bid accord+ly4 ,x is v difficult to give exact rules = bidd+1 ! /ate ( ! score hav+ mu* to d ) x2 b z a g5]al rule x is mu* bett] to bid on cat*+ c>ds ?an on ! po9ts !mselves4 ,= in/ance3 ,a ,k ,q ( trumps %\ld c]ta9ly be good = eight po9ts2 "s play]s habitually bid twelve on !m1 reckon+ to cat* bo? ,p$roes & "o ( ! m9or po9ts4 ,?is is risky unless !re are "o or two small trumps ) ! ,a ,k ,q4 ,on ! o!r h&1 two ,p$roes1 ) ,jack & ,l[1 are n wor? bidd+ m ?an five on2 because x is v unlikely t y w save m ?an "o ( ! ,p$roes1 if t4 ,! v fact t y bid five dim9i%es y\r *ances1 = y betray ! fact t y\r only hope is to save a well-gu>d$ ,p$ro4 ,long exp]i5ce ) play]s :o bid _! h&s correctly w give a play] a v good idea ( :at ! bidd] has 9 8 h&4 ,to ! p>tn] ?is is a great po9t1 = x enables him to judge :5 to give up po9ts himself1 & :5 to play = 8 p>tn] to ?r[ !m to him4 ,! numb] ( c>ds ask$ = by ea* play] %\ld be v c>efully not$2 = x w frequ5tly happ5 t ! entire trump suit c be locat$ by ?is means4 ,x is useless to keep any?+ b trumps1 = tricks1 z su*1 h no value1 & e c>d y draw increases y\r *ances ( gett+ ano!r trump4 ,! mo/ important po9t 9 ! game is to c9* e trick 9 :i* an adv]s>y plays aft] y2 t is1 to play "s trump high] ?an a ,p$ro1 if ! ,p$roes h n be5 play$1 & y d n hold !m y\rself4 ,examples ( c9*+ w be f\nd 9 ! ,illu/rative ,h&s4 ,if y\r p>tn] leads a c]ta9 w9n+ trump1 su* z ! ace1 or ! ,k+ if ! ace is gone1 give him ! be/ c\nt+ c>d y h2 b if y h two1 "o ( !m be+ ,l[1 give up ! l[] c>d fir/2 y may cat* some?+ ) ! ,jack or ,t54 ,if y\r p>tn] leads any trump high] ?an ! ,five1 play y\r smalle/ trump unless second h& cov]s1 9 :i* case y mu/ c9* ! trick1 to prev5t ! f\r? h& f giv+ up a ,p$ro on 8 p>tn]'s trick4 ,if y are =c$ to w9 y\r p>tn]'s fir/ lead ( trumps1 return ! be/ trump y h1 unless x is ! ,jack or ,t51 9 :i* case y mu/ be guid$ by ! numb] ( po9ts y are play+ =1 & y\r *ances ( mak+ !m if y lose ! c>d y lead4 ,if y\r p>tn] beg9s by lead+ a pla9 suit1 y mu/ c9* ! trick if y c2 if second h& foll[s suit1 any trump bett] ?an ! ,five w d4 ,if second h& puts on a trump1 y mu/ c9* high]4 ,if ! play] on y\r "r r5\nces to trumps1 get into ! lead if possible1 & play y\r be/ c>ds 9 pla9 suits4 ,?is may give y\r p>tn] a t5ace position ov] ! play] on y\r left4 ,if p>tn] beg9s ) a high c>d 9 trumps1 n ! ace1 cr$it him ) ! sequ5ce bel[ x1 & put 9 y\r ,p$ro at ! fir/ opportunity4 ,= in/ance3 ,p>tn] leads ,k+1 won by ! ace second h&4 ,:atev] ?is play] leads1 put 9 y\r ,p$ro1 if y h "o1 y\r p>tn] mu/ h ,que5 ( trumps4 ,play+ to ! score is v important4 ,d n attempt to get m ?an ! numb] bid until t is assur$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if x is c]ta9 t ! adv]s>y _c make good 8 bid1 d n let him get z close to x z possible1 b play boldly to w9 all y c1 = e po9t he makes is simply lo/4 ,"h are a few example h&s1 :i* w give a v good idea ( "s ( ! f9e po9ts 9 ! game4 ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #b4 ,a bids #h on he>ts4 ,t ,a bids #h on he>ts4 ,! draw3 ,a #b2 ,y #b2 ,r ,! draw3 ,a #b2 ,y #c2 ,b #d2 ,z #e4 ,i ,b #d2 ,z #d4 --------------------------- ,c --------------------------- ,a ,y ,b ,z ,k ,a ,y ,b ,z ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,q #c #h #e #a #c #g #aj #h #b #f ,q #d #b ,q #b #d #i #aj ,j ,j #i #c #f ,j ,a #d ,k #e #b #d #d #b #g ,k #f ,a #g #f #i #e ,k ,a #c #f #c #e #aj ,k #f #e #e #b #aj ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,no4 #a4 ,y's draw %[s t he holds at lea/ f\r trumps1 s ,a mu/ tru/ 8 p>tn] to c9* ! fir/ trick & return ! trump4 ,see our sugge/ions = good play4 ,at trick #c1 ,z c9*es1 to make ,a play a high trump4 ,x is evid5t to ,a t nei!r ,b nor ,z holds ei!r ,jack or ,sev5 ( trumps2 s bo? ^? c>ds mu/ be ) ,y4 ,z ,b has no m trumps ! adv]s>ies mu/ h bo? ,p$roes1 & ,y mu/ h "o1 z he holds f\r trumps4 ,if !y are divid$1 ,a c cat* bo? by c9*+ ?is trick ) ! ,k+ & lead+ ! ,ace2 b if ,y has bo? ,p$roes1 su* a c\rse w\ld lose ,jack1 ,game1 & "o ,p$ro4 ,if ,a c9*es ?is trick ) ! ,t51 all[+ ,y to w9 ) ! ,jack1 ,a mu/ cat* bo? ,p$roes1 no matt] h[ !y lie1 provid$ ,y leads ! trump ,sev51 = ,a w refuse to w9 x4 ,y sees 8 dang]1 & by lead+ a ,p$ro to ,a1 =ces him ei!r to pass x1 or to get into ! lead & free ! o!r ,p$ro4 ,a-,b score no?+3 ,y-,z score #g = ,jack1 ,game1 ,p$ro2 & #h 9 addition1 = po9ts bid b n made by ,a-,b2 #ae altoge!r4 ,no4 #b4 ,at trick #b1 ,y sees t he _c save ,l[1 & ! lead w\ld be a great disadvantage1 because ei!r ,a has all ! rema9+ trumps1 or ,y's p>tn] has an ungu>d$ ,p$ro4 ,at trick #c1 ,a kn[s t if ,y has ,ace1 & ,z ,p$ro1 ,a c /ill make 8 bid by cat*+ ,jack1 & sav+ 8 own ,p$ro4 ,if ! ,p$ro 0 n ) ,z ! small trump is /ill ! be/ lead1 = x puts ! lead on ,a's left4 ,b gets rid ( c>ds :i* might get him into ! lead to 8 p>tn]'s disadvantage4 ,un=tunately1 ,z is unable to take ! lead away f ,y at trick #d4 ,z ,y is /ill 9 ! lead1 !re is no necessity = ,a to save 8 ,p$ro1 = ,y _c possibly cat* x1 & ,a mu/ cat* ,y's1 no matt] h[ ,y plays4 ,a-,b score #aj po9ts2 ,l[1 ,game1 & bo? ,p$roes1 #ab1 f :i* !y d$uct ! #b po9ts made by ,y-,z4 ,no4 #c4 ,no4 #d4 ,a bids #ab on he>ts4 ,t ,a bids #h on he>ts4 ,! draw3 ,a #c2 ,y #e2 ,r ,! draw3 ,a #b2 ,y #d ,b #c2 ,z #b4 ,i ,b #d2 ,z #d4 ------------------------ ,c ------------------------ ,a ,y ,b ,z ,k ,a ,y ,b ,z ---------------------------------------- ----------- ,a #c #e #f #a ,a #f ,j #c ,k #d #h #aj #b #h #g #d #i #b #g #i ,j #c ,q #b #d ,k ,q ,k #c ,j #d ,q #b ,a #i #h ,a #aj #b #e #e #e ,j #g ,q ,q ,k #e #f #aj #d ,j #b ,no4 #c4 ,at ! second trick1 ,a kn[s t 8 p>tn] /ill holds ano!r trump1 because he drew only ?ree c>ds4 ,?is trump mu/ be ! #i4 ,z holds two m trumps1 & !y mu/ be ! ,jack & ,"r ,p$ro1 because ,z w\ld n ?r[ away ,game if he _h any?+ small]4 ,! #g mu/ be ) ,y1 & if ,a n[ leads trump ,que51 he w leave ! ,p$ro good ov] 8 ,deuce1 leav+ him only #h po9ts1 :]eas he has bid #ab4 ,if ,a leads ! ,deuce1 8 p>tn]'s n9e w c9* ! trick1 & ,z c make only ! ,jack4 ,a-,b score #aj4 ,! #ab actually tak5 make good ! bid2 b ! #b po9ts won by ! adv]s>ies mu/ be d$uct$1 leav+ #aj to be scor$ by ,a-,b4 ,no4 #d4 ,at ! ?ird trick1 a ha/y or c>eless play] w\ld h be5 only too glad ( ! opportunity to get 9 8 ,p$ro4 ,b ,y reasons t !re are only two trumps unacc\nt$ =1 ! ,t5 & ,left ,p$ro4 ,if ,b has "o1 x mu/ fall to ?is trick4 ,he _c h bo?1 = ,a drew only two c>ds4 ,if ,a has bo?1 ,y mu/ cat* 8 ,p$ro1 no matt] h[ ,a plays2 & z long z ,y does n get into ! lead himself1 he _c lose 8 own ,p$ro4 ,at trick #e1 ,a naturally places ! ,p$ro ) ,z1 z ,y did n save x on ! ,k+1 & x is p]fectly natural = ,a to trump ) 8 ,p$ro1 int5d+ to lead ! ,t5 to cat* ,z's4 ,a-,b score no?+1 n hav+ made good _! bid4 ,y-,z score ,"r & ,left ,p$ro1 & ,l[1 #aa po9ts2 add+ ! #h po9ts bid b n made by ,a-,b1 #ai altoge!r4 ,,c9* ,,laws4 ,=mation ( ,table4 ,a c9* table is complete ) six play]s4 ,if m ?an f\r assemble1 !y cut = pref]5ce1 ! f\r highe/ play+ ! fir/ game4 ,p>tn]s & deal are !n cut =1 ! two l[e/ pair+ aga9/ ! two highe/4 ,p>tn]s sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,! highe/ deals1 & has ! *oice ( seats & c>ds4 ,! ,ace is high1 bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,a play] expos+ m ?an "o c>d mu/ cut aga94 ,ties4 ,if ! fir/ cut does n decide1 ! play]s cutt+ equal c>ds cut aga92 b ! new cut decides no?+ b ! tie4 ,cutt+ ,out4 ,at ! end ( ! game1 ! play]s cut to decide :i* %all give way to ^? await+ _! turn to play1 ! l[e/ cuts go+ out4 ,aft] ! second game1 ^? :o h play$ ! greate/ numb] ( consecutive games give way1 ties be+ decid$ by cutt+4 ,deal+4 ,e play] has ! "r to %uffle ! c>ds1 ! deal] la/4 ,! deal] mu/ pres5t ! pack to ! pone to be cut4 ,at lea/ f\r c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,if a c>d is expos$ 9 cutt+1 ! pack mu/ be re%uffl$1 & cut aga94 ,if ! deal] re%uffles ! pack aft] x has be5 prop]ly cut1 he loses 8 deal4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left1 ! deal] mu/ give to ea* play] 9 rotation ?ree c>ds at a "t = ?ree r\nds4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,! deal passes to ! left4 ,!re mu/ be a new deal by ! same deal] if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack2 or if ! pack is prov$ incorrect or imp]fect2 b any previ\s cutt+ or scores made ) ! imp]fect pack /& good4 ,! adv]s>ies may dem& a new deal if any c>d is expos$ dur+ ! deal1 provid$ !y h n t\*$ a c>d4 ,if an adv]s>y exposes a c>d1 ! deal] may elect to deal aga94 ,if a new deal is n dem&$1 c>ds expos$ 9 deal+ _c be call$4 ,! adv]s>ies may /op a play] deal+ out ( turn1 or ) ! wrong pack1 provid$ !y d s be=e ! la/ ?ree c>ds are dealt1 alt] :i* ! deal /&s good4 ,misdeal+4 ,a misdeal loses ! deal4 ,x is a misdeal3 ,if ! c>ds h n be5 prop]ly cut1 if ! deal] does n give ! same numb] ( c>ds to ea* play] on ! same r\nd2 if he gives too _m or too few c>ds to any play]2 if he c\nts ! c>ds on ! table1 or ^? rema9+ 9 ! pack2 or if he deals a c>d incorrectly1 & fails to correct ! error be=e deal+ ano!r4 ,if ! deal] is int]rupt$ 9 any way by an adv]s>y1 he does n lose 8 deal4 ,bidd+4 ,aft] receiv+ 8 n9e c>ds1 ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 ann\nces ! numb] ( po9ts he w und]take to w9 if he is all[$ to "n ! trump suit4 ,no play] is all[$ to bid m ?an f\rte54 ,if he w n bid1 he mu/ say3 8,i pass40 ,a bid hav+ be5 regul>ly made1 any foll[+ play] mu/ bid high] or pass4 ,!re are no second bids4 ,a bid once made c nei!r be am5d$ nor )drawn4 ,irregul> ,bids4 ,if any play] bids be=e ! elde/ h& has bid or pass$1 bo? ! play] 9 error & 8 p>tn] lose _! "r to bid2 b ! side n 9 error mu/ bid to decide :i* ( !m %all "n ! trump4 ,if ! elde/ h& has decid$1 & ! pone bids )\t wait+ = ! deal]'s p>tn]1 ! pone loses 8 bid1 & ! deal] may bid be=e 8 p>tn]4 ,if ! deal] bids )\t wait+ = 8 p>tn]1 bo? lose _! bids2 b ! pone may ov]bid ! elde/ h&4 ,if ! deal]'s p>tn] has bid1 & ! deal] bids )\t wait+ = ! pone1 ! deal] loses 8 bid4 ,if a play] ^: p>tn] has n yet bid names ! trump suit1 8 p>tn] loses 8 bid4 ,if a play] bids ) m ?an n9e c>ds 9 8 h&1 8 bid is lo/1 & ! adv]s>ies mu/ draw ! sup]flu\s c>ds f 8 h&1 face d[n1 plac+ !m ab\t ! middle ( ! undealt portion ( ! pack4 ,if no bid is made1 ! deal] may "n any trump he pleases1 )\t bidd+4 ,if any play] exposes any ( 8 c>ds be=e ! trump suit is nam$1 ! adv]s>ies may elect to h a new deal by ! same deal]4 ,disc>d+4 ,! trump nam$1 ea* play] mu/ put out at lea/ ?ree ( 8 c>ds1 & may disc>d z _m m z he pleases4 ,all su* disc>ds mu/ be plac$ on ! table face up4 ,%\ld a play] disc>d a trump1 8 p>tn] may call 8 att5tion to x1 & x may be tak5 back1 provid$ ! play] has n be5 help$ to c>ds1 or has n lift$ ! c>ds drawn4 ,draw+4 ,! play]s hav+ disc>d$1 ! deal]1 beg9n+ on 8 left1 mu/ give to ea* 9 turn f ! top ( ! pack1 face d[n1 z _m c>ds z may be necess>y to re/ore ! numb] 9 ea* h& to six4 ,robb+ ! ,deck4 ,:5 x comes to ! deal]'s turn to draw c>ds1 in/ead ( tak+ !m f ! top ( ! pack1 face d[n1 he may se>* ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 & take f x any c>ds he pleases to re/ore ! numb] 9 8 h& to six4 ,%\ld he f9d 9 8 own h& & 9 ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 m ?an six trumps1 he mu/ disc>d ^? he does n want1 face upw>d on ! table4 ,irregul> ,draw+4 ,%\ld a play] ask = too _m or too few c>ds1 & n discov] 8 error until ! next play] has be5 help$1 if he has too few he may make 8 h& good f ! disc>ds1 b mu/ n take a trump !refrom4 ,if he has too _m1 ! adv]s>ies mu/ be all[$ to draw ! sup]flu\s ones at r&om1 face d[n1 plac+ !m on ! top ( ! pack4 ,play+4 ,! mak] ( ! trump mu/ lead = ! fir/ trick1 any c>d he pleases4 ,if a trump is l$1 all mu/ foll[ suit if able4 ,if a pla9 suit is l$1 a play] may trump1 ev5 :5 hold+ a c>d ( ! suit l$2 b if he does n trump he mu/ foll[ suit if he c1 or he is liable to ! p5alty = a revoke4 ,! la/ trick turn$ & quitt$ may be se51 b no o!r4 ,irregul>ities 9 ! ,h&s4 ,if any play] is f\nd to h an incorrect numb] ( c>ds1 x is a misdeal if no bid has be5 made4 ,if a bid has be5 made1 ! deal /&s good if ?ree play]s h _! "r numb] ( c>ds4 ,if ! fir/ trick has be5 play$ to by a p]son hold+ too _m c>ds1 nei!r he nor 8 p>tn] c score any?+ t h&2 b !y may play ! h& out to save :at po9ts !y c4 ,if a play] has too few c>ds1 !re is no p5alty1 b he %\ld draw f ! disc>d to make up ! defici5cy1 pla9-suit c>ds only be+ available4 ,expos$ ,c>ds4 ,! foll[+ are expos$ c>ds1 :i* mu/ be left face up on ! table1 & are liable to be call$ by ei!r adv]s>y3 #a4 ,e c>d fac$ ^u ! table o!rwise ?an 9 ! regul> c\rse ( play4 #b4 ,two or m c>ds play$ to a trick2 ! adv]s>ies may elect :i* %all be play$4 #c4 ,any c>d nam$ by ! play] hold+ x4 ,! adv]s>y on ! "r ( an expos$ c>d mu/ call x be=e he plays himself4 ,if x w be ! turn ( ! play] hold+ ! expos$ c>d to lead = ! next trick1 ! c>d1 if want$1 mu/ be call$ be=e ! curr5t trick is turn$ & quitt$4 ,%\ld a play] hav+ ! lead1 & an expos$ c>d 9 front ( him1 play be=e ! previ\s trick is turn$ & quitt$1 ! c>d s l$ may also be claim$ z expos$4 ,if a trump is expos$ aft] ! trump suit has be5 nam$1 ! adv]s>ies may prev5t ! play+ ( su* a c>d2 b ! hold] ( x is n liable to any p5alty = a revoke "u su* circum/ances4 ,lead+ ,out ( ,turn4 ,if a play] leads :5 x 0 8 p>tn]'s turn1 ! p>tn] may be call$ ^u by 8 "r-h& adv]s>y to lead or n to lead a trump2 b a specifi$ pla9 suit _c be call$4 ,if x 0 ! turn ( nei!r ( ! side 9 error to lead1 ! c>d play$ 9 error is simply expos$4 ,if all h play$ to ! false lead1 ! error _c be rectifi$4 ,if all h n foll[$1 ! c>ds play$ to ! false lead may be tak5 back1 & are n liable to be call$4 ,play+ ,out ( ,turn4 ,if ! ?ird h& plays be=e ! second1 ! f\r? may play be=e ! second also2 ei!r ( 8 own volition1 or by ! direction ( ! second h&1 :o may say3 8,play1 p>tn]40 ,if ! f\r? h& plays be=e ! second1 ! ?ird h& n hav+ play$1 ! trick may be claim$ by ! adv]s>ies1 no matt] :o actually w9s x2 b ! actual w9n] ( x mu/ lead = ! next trick4 ,if any play] ab&ons 8 h&1 ! c>ds 9 x may be claim$ z expos$1 & call$ by ! adv]s>ies4 ,! ,revoke4 ,a revoke is a r5\nce 9 error1 n correct$ 9 "t1 or non-compliance ) a p]=mable p5alty4 ,x is a revoke if a play] has "o ( ! suit l$1 & nei!r foll[s suit nor trumps4 ,a p]son prohibit$ f play+ an expos$ trump is n liable to any p5alty if x causes him to revoke4 ,a revoke is e/abli%$ :5 ! trick 9 :i* x occurs has be5 turn$ & quitt$2 or :5 ei!r ! revok+ play] or 8 p>tn]1 :e!r 9 8 "r turn or o!rwise1 has l$ or play$ to ! foll[+ trick4 ,if a revoke is claim$ & prov$1 ! revok+ side _c score any po9ts t deal2 b !y may play ! h& out to prev5t ! adv]s>ies f mak+ po9ts4 ,if an adv]s>y ( ! bidd] revokes1 ! bidd]'s side scores :atev] po9ts x makes t deal1 reg>dless ( ! numb] bid4 ,a play] may ask 8 p>tn] :e!r or n he has a c>d ( ! suit 9 :i* he r5\nces & does n trump1 & ! play] may correct 8 error if ! "q is ask$ be=e ! trick is turn$ & quitt$4 ,b if he answ]s 9 ! negative1 !re is no rem$y4 ,draw+ ,c>ds4 ,any play] may ask ! o!rs to indicate ! c>ds play$ by !m to ! curr5t trick2 b he mu/ conf9e himself to ! expression3 8,draw c>ds40 ,irregul> ,rem>ks4 ,a play] call+ att5tion 9 any mann] to ! trick or to ! score1 may be call$ ^u to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit l$2 or to trump or n to trump ! trick dur+ ! play ( :i* ! rem>k is made4 ,scor+4 ,a game consi/s ( fifty-"o po9ts2 f\rte5 ( :i* mu/ be made on e deal1 z foll[s3-- #a = ,high1 or ! ,ace ( trumps4 #a = ,l[1 or ! ,deuce ( trumps4 #a = ! ,jack ( trumps4 #a = ,game1 or ! ,t5 ( trumps4 #e = ,"r ,p$ro1 or ! ,five ( trumps4 #e = ,left ,p$ro1 or ,five ( ! same col\r z ! trump suit4 ,all po9ts c\nt to ! side w9n+ !m4 ,any trumps f\nd among ! disc>ds at ! end ( ! h& c\nt = ! side t made ! trump4 ,at ! end ( ! h&1 ! numb] ( po9ts won by ea* side is add$ up1 & ! l[] d$uct$ f ! high]1 ! diff]5ce be+ scor$ by ! w9n]s ( ! majority4 ,if ! result is a tie1 nei!r scores4 ,= in/ance3 ,if ,a-,b make #aa1 ,y-,z mu/ make ! rema9+ #c1 :i* d$uct$ f #aa leaves #h po9ts = ,a-,b to score4 ,if ! side nam+ ! trump suit fails to make z _m po9ts z !y bid1 !y score no?+ = t deal1 & ! numb] bid is scor$ by ! adv]s>ies1 9 addition to any o!r po9ts t ! adv]s>ies may h made 9 play4 ,! numb] bid & ! numb] actually won1 mu/ be comp>$ be=e d$uct+ ! po9ts made by ! adv]s>ies4 ,! side fir/ mak+ fifty-"o po9ts w9s ! game4 99 99 99 99 99 ,text ,books4 ,!re are two v good text-books on ! game4 ,! ,laws & ,pr9ciples ( ,c9*1 by ,g4,w4 ,hall1 #ahia4 ,! ,laws & ,etiquette ( ,c9*1 issu$ by ! ,*icago ,c9* ,club1 #ahij4 ,,he>ts4 ,he>ts is suppos$ by "s p]sons to be an entirely new game2 b its lead+ pr9ciple1 los+ in/ead ( w9n+ tricks1 is to be f\nd 9 _m o!r c>d games1 "s ( :i* are q old4 ,slobb]hannes1 ,enfl1 ,s*well51 ,polignac1 & ,! ,f\r ,jacks1 all belong to ! same family1 b mo/ ( !m h giv5 way to ! m popul> game ( ,he>ts4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( ,he>ts1 b ! pr9cipal arrangem5ts are ! same 9 all1 & ! *ief diff]5ces are 9 ! mann] ( settl+ at ! end ( ! h&4 ,,c>ds4 ,he>ts is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b3 ! ace is ! highe/ 9 play1 b 9 cutt+ x ranks bel[ ! deuce4 ,!re is no trump suit4 ,:5 ?ree p]sons play1 ! deuce ( spades is ?r[n out ( ! pack2 :5 five play1 bo? ! black deuces are laid aside1 & :5 six play1 all f\r deuces are disc>d$4 ,x is usual to play ) two packs1 "o be+ %uffl$ :ile ! o!r is dealt4 ,,c\nt]s4 ,e deal is a game 9 itself1 & mu/ be settl$ = 9 c\nt]s imm$iately4 ,x is usual = ea* play] to beg9 ) fifty c\nt]s1 :i* are pur*as$ f "s p]son :o is agre$ ^u to act z bank]4 ,:5 only two play1 ! game may be scor$ on a pull-up cribbage bo>d1 & settl$ = at ! end4 ,,play]s4 ,any numb] f two to six p]sons may play1 b f\r is ! usual numb]1 ea* play+ = himself aga9/ all ! o!rs4 ,! play]s on ! deal]'s "r & left are kn[n z ! pone & ! elde/ h&1 respectively4 ,,/akes4 ,! value ( ! c\nt]s mu/ be agre$ ^u be=e play beg9s1 & ! me?od ( settl+ %\ld also be und]/ood1 ,sweep/ake ,he>ts & ,h[ell's ,settl+ be+ entirely diff]5t games1 & requir+ totally diff]5t me?ods ( play4 ,,cutt+4 ,if sev5 play]s assemble1 x is usual to make up a table 9 :i* ! deal] takes no c>ds4 ,if !re are m ?an sev5 c&idates = play1 two tables mu/ be =m$4 ,play]s draw f an outspread pack = ! *oice ( seats & c>ds1 ! l[e/ cut hav+ ! fir/ *oice1 & ! o!rs foll[+ 9 _! ord]4 ,! play] cutt+ ! l[e/ c>d takes ! fir/ deal1 :i* aft]w>d passes 9 regul> rotation to ! left4 ,9 cutt+1 ! ace is l[4 ,any play] expos+ m ?an "o c>d mu/ cut aga94 ,,ties4 ,if ! fir/ cut does n decide1 ^? ty+ mu/ cut aga91 b ! new cut decides no?+ b ! tie4 ,,deal+4 ,any play] has ! "r to %uffle ! pack1 ! deal] la/4 ,! c>ds are !n pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 :o mu/ leave at lea/ f\r 9 ea* packet4 ,! c>ds are dealt f left to "r1 "o at a "t to ea* play] 9 rotation until ! pack is exhau/$4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,9 ,two-h&$ ,he>ts1 ! deal] /ops :5 ea* play] has receiv$ ?irte5 c>ds4 ,! deal passes to ! left4 ,misdeal+4 ,x is a misdeal if ! deal] omits to h ! pack cut1 & ! error is discov]$ be=e ! la/ c>d is dealt2 if he deals a c>d incorrectly1 & does n rem$y ! error be=e deal+ ano!r2 or if he c\nts ! c>ds on ! table1 or ^? rema9+ 9 ! pack2 or if x is discov]$ be=e all h play$ to ! fir/ trick t any play] has too _m or too few c>ds4 ,a misdeal loses ! deal unless "o ( ! o!r play]s has t\*$ ! c>ds1 or has 9 any way int]rupt$ ! deal]4 ,if any c>d is expos$ by ! deal]1 ! play] to :om x is dealt may dem& a new deal1 provid$ he has n t\*$ any ( 8 c>ds4 ,any "o deal+ out ( turn1 or ) ! wrong c>ds1 may be /opp$ be=e ! la/ c>d is dealt4 ,aft] t ! deal /&s good1 & ! packs1 if *ang$1 mu/ s rema94 ,,irregul> ,,h&s4 ,if1 aft] ! fir/ trick has be5 play$ to1 any two play]s are f\nd to h m or less ?an _! correct numb] ( c>ds1 ! pack be+ p]fect1 ! "o hav+ less mu/ draw1 face d[nw>d1 f ! h& ( ! "o hav+ m2 & ea* mu/ pay five c\nt]s into ! pool4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,z a g5]al proposition1 ! object ( ea* play] is to avoid gett+ any he>ts 9 ! tricks he takes 94 ,9 "s v>ieties ( ! game 8 object mu/ be to take no he>ts2 9 o!rs x w be to take less ?an 8 adv]s>ies2 :ile 9 o!rs x w be to take less ?an f\r4 ,aft] a p]son has tak5 9 "o or m he>ts1 8 object w be to load ! o!rs2 t is1 to see t !y get "s he>ts also2 or x may be to see t a giv5 play] takes at lea/ "o he>t2 or t no "o b himself takes any4 ,! mann] 9 :i* a p]son mu/ v>y 8 play 9 accordance ) ^! diff]5t objects w be discuss$ :5 we come to ! sugge/ions = good play4 ,9 ! meantime1 x is necess>y to be> 9 m9d only ! g5]al pr9ciple t ! object ( ! game is to avoid w9n+ any tricks t conta9 he>ts4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! c>ds dealt1 ! play] to ! left ( ! deal] beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c4 ,! highe/ c>d play$1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick4 ,!re is no trump suit4 ,if a play] has none ( ! suit l$1 he may disc>d any?+ he pleases4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick takes x 9 & leads = ! next trick1 & s on until all ! c>ds h be5 play$4 ,! tricks !mselves h no value z su*1 & ne$ n be kept sep>ate4 ,irregul>ities 9 ,play4 ,if any play] omits to play to a trick1 & plays to a foll[+ "o1 he is n all[$ to correct 8 error1 b is compell$ to take ! ?irte5? or la/ trick1 ) :atev] he>ts x may conta94 ,if a play] is f\nd1 dur+ or at ! end ( a h&1 to be a c>d %ort1 all o!rs at ! table hav+ _! "r numb]1 & all hav+ play$ to ! fir/ trick1 ! play] ) ! %ort h& is compell$ to take ! la/ trick1 ) :atev] he>ts x may conta94 ,expos$ ,c>ds4 ,%\ld a p]son lead or play two c>ds to "o trick1 he is all[$ to indicate ! "o int5d$2 b he mu/ leave ! o!r face upw>d on ! table4 ,all expos$ c>ds are liable to be call$ by any play] at ! table1 & %\ld "o play] call su* a c>d1 8 decision is b9d+ on ! o!rs4 ,a play] ) an expos$ c>d 9 front ( him mu/ play x :5 call$ ^u1 provid$ he c d s )\t revok+2 b he _c be prev5t$ f gett+ rid ( ! expos$ c>d 9 ! c\rse ( play1 if ! opportunity (f]s4 ,lead+ ,out ( ,turn4 ,%\ld a play] lead out ( turn1 he may be call$ ^u to lead or n to lead a he>t :5 x is next 8 turn to lead4 ,?is p5alty c be en=c$ only by ! play] on 8 "r4 ,if all h play$ to ! false lead ! error _c be rectifi$2 b if all h n play$1 _! c>ds mu/ be tak5 back1 & are n liable to be call$4 ,if any p]son plays out ( turn 9 any trick1 ! play] on 8 left1 n hav+ play$1 may dem& t ! c>d be tak5 back1 & aft] ! prop] play] has play$ ! play] 9 error may be call$ ^u to play 8 highe/ or l[e/ ( ! suit l$1 or n to disc>d a he>t4 ,if ! p]son on ! left ( ! play] 9 error 0 ! lead] 9 ! trick1 ei!r he or ! play] ^: prop] turn x 0 to play may dem& ! p5alty4 ,revok+4 ,any play] fail+ to foll[ suit1 :5 able to d s1 may am5d 8 error if he discov]s 8 mi/ake be=e ! trick 9 :i* x occurs has be5 turn$ & quitt$4 ,! c>d play$ 9 error !n becomes an expos$ c>d4 ,^? :o h play$ aft] him h ! privilege ( )draw+ _! c>ds & sub/itut+ o!rs1 )\t p5alty4 ,%\ld ! revok+ play] n discov] 8 error 9 "t1 ! h& mu/ be play$ out1 & if ! revoke is detect$ & claim$ ! play] 9 error mu/ pay all ! losses on t h&4 ,%\ld ! revok+ play] w9 ! pool himself1 he mu/ pay ! ?irte5 c\nt]s to ! pool1 & leave !m = a ,jack4 ,%\ld he divide ! pool ) ano!r play]1 he mu/ pay 8 co-w9n] six c\nt]s1 & put up ! o!r sev5 = a ,jack4 ,if two or m play]s revoke 9 ! same h&1 ea* mu/ pay ! entire losses 9 t h& z if he 7 alone 9 error2 s t if two %\ld revoke & a ?ird w9 ! pool1 ! latt] w\ld receive tw5ty-six c\nt]s in/ead ( ?irte54 ,9 ,auction ,he>ts1 ! revok+ play] mu/ also refund ! am\nt put up by ! bidd]4 ,a revoke mu/ be claim$ & prov$ be=e ! pool is divid$4 ,non-compliance ) a p]=mable p5alty is ! same z a revoke4 ,,settl+4 ,aft] ! la/ c>d has be5 play$1 ea* play] turns ov] 8 tricks1 c\nts ! numb] ( he>ts he has tak5 91 & ann\nces x4 ,play]s %\ld be c>eful n to ga!r or mix ! c>ds until all ?irte5 he>ts h be5 acc\nt$ =4 ,ea* play] !n pays into ! pool = ! numb] ( he>ts he has tak5 91 accord+ to ! sy/em ( settlem5t agre$ ^u be=e play began4 ,! pool is !n tak5 d[n by ! play] or play]s w9n+ x1 & ! deal passes to ! left4 ,! game is at an end any "t ! play]s wi% to /op1 aft] a h& has be5 settl$ =2 b x is usual to agree ^u "s def9ite h\r4 ,!re are two ways ( settl+ at ! end ( ! h&1 ea* ( :i* has its good po9ts4 ,,sweep/ake ,,he>ts4 ,aft] ! h& has be5 play$1 ea* play] ann\nces ! numb] ( he>ts he has tak5 91 & pays into ! pool "o c\nt] = ea*4 ,all ?irte5 he>ts hav+ be5 paid =1 any play] hav+ tak5 no he>ts w9s ! entire pool2 two hav+ tak5 none1 divide x4 ,if all ! play]s h tak5 he>ts1 or if "o play] has tak5 all ?irte51 ! pool rema9s1 & =ms a ,jack4 ,?is c be won only by a s+le play] 9 "s subsequ5t deal tak+ no he>ts1 all ! o!rs hav+ tak5 at lea/ "o4 ,^! jack pools are ( c\rse increas$ ?irte5 c\nt]s e deal until "s play] w9s ! :ole am\nt4 ,"s clubs make x a ,jack aft] two play]s h divid$ a pool1 us+ ! odd c\nt] z a />t]4 ,x w be f\nd t natural ,jacks occur q frequ5tly en\gh )\t resort+ to ?is exp$i5t4 ,,h[ell',s ,,settl+4 ,! great objection to ! me?od ( settl+ at ,sweep/ake ,he>ts is t x makes ! game almo/ entirely "o ( *ance4 ,no matt] h[ good a play] "o may be1 good luck alone w br+ success4 ,9 a f\r-h&$ game x is possible = "o play] to take 9 only #eh he>ts 9 #fj deals1 & /ill to be #df c\nt]s beh9d2 :ile ano!r play] may take 9 #ejj he>ts 9 #fj deals & be #df c\nt]s ahead4 ,x may be claim$ t ! play] :o has #df c\nt]s ahead at ! end 0 ! bett] play]1 because he won2 b mo/ p]sons w agree t a play] :o takes 9 only #eh he>ts 9 #fj deals is a mu* bett] play] ?an "o :o has tak5 9 #ejj he>ts 9 ! same "t4 ,x 0 to rem$y ?is defect1 & to give skill its prop] p]c5tage ( value1 t ,mr4 ,e4 ,c4 ,h[ell ( ,bo/on propos$ ! mann] ( contribut+ to & divid+ ! pools :i* is n[ kn[n z ,h[ell's ,settl+4 ,ea* play] beg9s ) an equal numb] ( c\nt]s1 usually #ajj4 ,at ! end ( ! h&1 aft] ! he>ts h be5 c\nt$ & ann\nc$1 ea* play] pays into ! pool1 = e he>t he holds1 z _m c\nt]s z !re are play]s besides himself4 ,= in/ance3 ,a1 ,b1 ,c & ,d play4 ,a takes ?ree he>ts2 ,b & ,c five ea*1 & ,d none4 ,!re be+ ?ree play]s besides himself1 ,a puts up ?ree times ?ree1 or #i c\nt]s4 ,b & ,c put up #ae ea*1 & ,d none2 s t !re are #ci 9 ! pool4 ,ea* play] !n takes out ( ! pool #a c\nt] = e he>t he did n hold :5 ! he>ts 7 ann\nc$4 ,d1 hav+ tak5 no he>ts1 gets #ac c\nt]s4 ,a1 hav+ tak5 ?ree he>ts only1 is entitl$ to #aj c\nt]s = ! #aj he>ts he did n hold1 :ile ,b & ,c get #h ea*4 ,?is exhau/s ! pool4 ,!re are no ,jacks 9 ?is way ( settl+4 ,matt]s may be facilitat$ by hav+ c\nt]s ( diff]5t col\rs1 ! :ite be+ ! unit1 & ! r$ repres5t+ ! numb] :i* x w be necess>y to pay = "o he>t4 ,practice w make ! play]s s famili> ) ! am\nt ( ! v>i\s pr(its or losses t !y simply pay or take :at is due to !m4 ,! fir/ "t ?is is play$ x looks l a pretty sev]e game = a play] :o takes 9 a l>ge numb] ( he>ts on "o deal2 b x w be f\nd t he rapidly recov]s4 ,dur+ a sitt+ ( any l5g? ! play] :o takes 9 ! smalle/ numb] ( he>ts mu/ be ! w9n]4 ,9 ! case m5tion$ 9 connection ) ,sweep/ake ,he>ts1 9 :i* "o play] lo/ #df c\nt]s :ile ano!r won #df1 9 #fj deals1 ! result at ,h[ell's ,settl+ w\ld h be5 t ! play] :o took 9 only #eh he>ts w\ld be #edh c\nt]s ahead in/ead ( los+ #df2 :ile ! "o :o took 9 #ejj he>ts w\ld lose #abbj c\nt]s1 in/ead ( w9n+ #df4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,*eat+4 ,"u ! rule = deal+ ! c>ds "o at a "t1 ! greek mu/ be v skilful to secure any advantage at ,he>ts4 ,b :5 x is ! practice to deal ! c>ds ?ree at a "t1 & f\r on ! la/ r\nd1 x is an easy matt] to get f\r small he>ts toge!r on ! bottom ( ! pack4 ,any p]son :o is obs]v$ to hold ?ree or f\r small he>ts e "t he deals1 %\ld be c>efully wat*$1 & x w usually be f\nd t he ga!rs ! small he>ts f ! h&s ( ! o!r play]s :ile ! pool is be+ divid$4 ,m>k$ c>ds are ( little use to ! greek at he>ts1 because s mu* dep5ds on :at a play] holds1 & s little on 8 play4 ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,he>ts4 ,be=e proce$+ to sugge/ions = good play1 x w be bett] to describe "s ( ! v>iations ( ! game 9 common use1 because :at w\ld be good play 9 "o v>iation w\ld n be 9 ano!r4 ,,two-,,h&$ ,,he>ts4 ,! two play]s hav+ cut = ! deal1 ?irte5 c>ds are giv5 to ea*1 "o at a "t1 & ! rema9d] ( ! pack is left on ! table1 face d[n4 ,! deal]'s adv]s>y1 usually call$ ! pone1 beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases1 & ! deal] mu/ foll[ suit if he c1 z 9 ! ord9>y game4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick takes x 91 b be=e lead+ = ! next trick he draws "o c>d f ! top ( ! pack ly+ on ! table1 re/or+ ! numb] ( 8 c>ds to ?irte54 ,8 adv]s>y !n draws ! next c>d1 & ! c>ds are play$ & drawn 9 ?is mann] until ! pack is exhau/$4 ,! ?irte5 c>ds rema9+ 9 ! h&s ( ! two adv]s>ies are !n play$1 & aft] ! la/ trick has be5 won1 ea* turns ov] 8 c>ds & c\nts ! numb] ( he>ts he has tak5 94 ,! object ( ! game is to take few] he>ts ?an y\r oppon5t1 & ! me?od ( settl+ is ei!r = ! great] numb] to pay ! less] ! diff]5ce2 or1 = ! fir/ six he>ts tak5 by ! los] to c\nt no?+1 b all above six to be paid =4 ,! mo/ popul> way is to peg up ! diff]5ce on a cribbage bo>d1 & to settle at ! end ( ! sitt+4 ,,?ree-,,h&$ ,,he>ts4 ,! deuce ( spades is disc>d$1 & sev5te5 c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 "o at a "t1 aft] :i* ! game proce$s 9 ! usual way4 ,!re are sev]al me?ods ( settl+4 ,h[ell's me?od is und\bt$ly ! be/1 b ,sweep/akes is v common4 ,an excell5t way is = ! play] :o takes ! l>ge/ numb] ( he>ts to pay ! two o!rs z _m c\nt]s z he has he>ts 9 excess ( !irs4 ,if two h an equal numb]1 bo? pay ! l[ man4 ,!re are no ,jacks4 ,,auction ,,he>ts4 ,?is is usually play$ by f\r p]sons1 al?\gh five or six may =m a table4 ,aft] ! c>ds h be5 dealt 9 ! usual way1 ! play] to ! left ( ! deal] exam9es 8 c>ds1 & det]m9es :i* suit he w\ld pref] to play to get cle> (4 ,x may be t if ! game 7 to get rid ( clubs in/ead ( he>ts1 8 h& w\ld be a v good "o1 :]eas if ! suit 7 to rema9 he>ts x w\ld be a v bad h&4 ,z ! pool w conta9 ?irte5 c\nt]s to a c]ta9ty1 he c af=d to pay some?+ = ! bett] *ance he w h to w9 x if he is all[$ to make clubs ! suit to be avoid$1 in/ead ( he>ts4 ,he bids :atev] am\nt he is will+ to pay = ! privilege ( *ang+ ! suit1 )\t nam+ ! suit he pref]s4 ,! next play] !n has a bid1 & s on 9 turn1 ! deal] bidd+ la/4 ,!re are no second bids4 ,! play] mak+ ! highe/ bid pays into ! pool ! am\nt he has bid4 ,he !n names ! suit to be avoid$1 & leads = ! fir/ trick1 reg>dless ( 8 position ) respect to ! deal4 ,! deal]'s position is a great advantage1 on acc\nt ( its hav+ ! la/ bid4 ,aft] ! h& is play$1 ^? :o h tak5 9 any c>ds ( ! suit ann\nc$ to be avoid$1 pay "o c\nt] to ! pool = ea* ( !m4 ,if any "o play] gets cle>1 ea* ( ! o!rs hav+ at lea/ "o ( ! taboo$ suit1 he takes ! entire pool4 ,if two get cle>1 !y divide ! pool1 leav+ any odd c\nt] to =m ! basis ( a ,jack1 z at ,sweep/akes4 ,if "o play] takes all ?irte51 x is a ,jack2 b in/ead ( ! next *oice be+ sold to ! highe/ bidd]1 ! "o :o nam$ ! suit on ! h& t made ! pool a ,jack has ! *oice ( suits aga9 = ! next deal1 & he mu/ select "s suit )\t pay+ any?+ fur!r = x1 until "s play] w9s :at he paid = ! *oice 9 ! fir/ place4 ,t is1 ! pool mu/ be won be=e ! *oice c be sold aga94 ,! g5]al pr9ciple ( ! game is = ! play]s to comb9e aga9/ ! successful bidd]1 & to sp>e no ef=t to prev5t him f w9n+ ! pool4 ,,spot ,,he>ts4 ,9 ?is v>iation1 :5 ! he>ts are ann\nc$ at ! end ( ! h&1 ! spots on !m are ! units ( value1 ! ,jack be+ wor? #aa1 ! ,que5 #ab1 ! ,k+ #ac1 & ! ,ace #ad4 ,?is adds no?+ to ! int]e/ or skill ( ! game2 b r t5ds to create confusion & delay1 ow+ to ! num]\s disputes z to ! correctness ( ! c\nt4 ,! total to be acc\nt$ = 9 ea* deal is #ajd4 ,9 settl+1 ! play] ) ! smalle/ numb] collects f ea* ( ! o!rs ! am\nt !y h 9 excess ( 84 ,if two or m play]s h an equal numb]1 or none at all1 !y divide ! am\nt collect$ f ea* ( ! o!rs4 ,= in/ance3 ,f\r play1 ,a has #h po9ts1 ,b #bd1 ,c #ah1 & ,d #ed4 ,z #h po9ts is ! l[e/1 ,b pays ,a #af1 ,c pays him #aj1 & ,d pays him #df4 ,if ,a & ,b _h #h ea*1 ,c #cb1 & ,d #ef1 ,c w\ld pay #bd1 & ,d #dh2 & ,a-,b w\ld divide ! am\nt betwe5 !m4 ,! *ief v>iation 9 play arises f ! fact t "o :o mu/ w9 a he>t trick _c always af=d to play 8 highe/ he>t z 9 ! ord9>y game4 ,,jok] ,,he>ts4 ,9 ?is v>iation1 ! he>t deuce is disc>d$1 & ! ,jok] takes its place4 ,! ,jok] occupies a position betwe5 ! ,jack & ! ,t5 9 value1 ) ! add$ peculi>ity t x _c be disc>d$ on a pla9 suit2 = if x is1 x w9s ! trick unless !re is a high] he>t 9 ! same trick4 ,if a play] has ! ,jok] dealt to him1 8 only *ance to get rid ( x is to play x on a trick 9 :i* he>ts are l$1 or to disc>d x on a pla9 suit on :i* "s o!r play] has already disc>d$ a high] he>t ?an ! ,t54 ,"u su* circum/ances1 ! hold] ( ! ,jok] is all[$ to disc>d x1 ev5 if he has "o ( ! suit l$1 & ! ,jok] be+ 9 ! trick compels ! play] :o disc>d$ ! high] he>t to take x 94 ,9 settl+1 ! ,jok] is wor? five c\nt]s4 ,if ! play] to :om x 0 dealt takes x 91 he pays ^! five c\nt]s to ! pool4 ,if ano!r play] gets ! ,jok]1 he mu/ pay ! five c\nt]s to ! play] :o got rid ( x4 ,! rema9d] ( ! pool is !n divid$ 9 ! usual way4 ,?is is a mo/ exasp]at+ game4 ,,disc>d ,,he>ts4 ,?is is sometimes call$ ,black ,jack1 or ,black ,lady4 ,if x is ! ,jack1 x is wor? t5 he>ts2 if x is ! ,que51 x is wor? ?irte5 he>ts4 ,aft] ! c>ds are dealt1 ea* play] 9 turn lays out ?ree c>ds :i* he does n want1 & ! play] on 8 left is oblig$ to take !m1 aft] hav+ disc>d$ himself4 ,no play] may look at :at he is go+ to get until he has disc>d$ himself4 ,! ,black ,jack or ,lady holds its rank z a spade :5 spades are l$2 b ! mom5t any o!r suit is l$1 ( :i* ! play] is void1 he c disc>d ! ,black ,jack or ,lady1 j z he w\ld get rid ( a he>t4 ,if he>ts are l$ & ! play] has no he>ts1 he c play ! ,black ,jack or ,lady to ! trick1 z x ranks bel[ ! deuce ( he>ts4 ,,progressive ,,he>ts4 ,! g5]al arrangem5ts = ! play]s & _! positions are exactly ! same z ^? already describ$ 9 connection ) ,progressive ,eu*re4 ,! play]s at ea* table cut = ! deal1 & play beg9s ) ! tap ( ! bell at ! head table4 ,only "o deal is play$ at ea* table4 ,!re are no c\nt]s4 ,at ! end ( ! h& ! ladies comp>e _! c>ds1 & ! "o hav+ ! few] he>ts goes to ! next high] table4 ,! g5tlem5 !n comp>e _! c>ds 9 ! same way1 s t "o lady & "o g5tleman g up f ea* table at ! end ( e h&4 ,!y take ! seats vacat$ by ^? leav+ ! table !y g to4 ,all ties are det]m9$ by cutt+1 ^? cutt+ ! l[] c>ds go+ up4 ,9 cutt+1 ! ace is l[4 ,ea* play] is provid$ ) a score c>d1 to :i* ! gold1 r$ & gre5 />s are atta*$ z 9 ,eu*re4 ,! gold />s are giv5 to ^? at ! head table :o h ! fewe/ he>ts4 ,^? mov+ f o!r tables receive r$ />s2 & ^? tak+ 9 ! mo/ he>ts at ! booby table receive gre5 />s4 ,prizes are giv5 to ! ladies & g5tlem5 hav+ ! greate/ numb] ( ea* v>iety ( />2 b ! same play] _c w9 two prizes4 ,if !re is a tie 9 "o class1 ! numb] ( o!r />s mu/ decide2 equal numb]s ( gold be+ decid$ by ! majority ( r$ on ! same c>d2 r$ ties1 by ! great] numb] ( gold2 & gre5 ties by ! fewe/ numb] ( gold />s4 ,,he>tsette4 ,he>tsette diff]s f he>ts only 9 ! addition ( a wid[4 ,:5 f\r play1 ! spade deuce is delet$2 twelve c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]1 & ! ?ree rema9+ =m ! wid[1 :i* is left face d[nw>d 9 ! c5tre ( ! table4 ,:5 any o!r numb] play1 ! full pack is us$4 ,if !re are ?ree play]s1 ?ree c>ds are left = ! wid[3 two c>ds are left :5 five play1 & f\r :5 six play4 ,! play] w9n+ ! fir/ trick takes 9 ! wid[1 ) any he>ts x may conta94 ,he is entitl$ to look at ^! c>ds1 b mu/ n %[ or "n !m to any o!r play]4 ,! game !n proce$s 9 ! usual way4 ,paym5ts are made to ! pool = all he>ts tak5 91 & ! pool is !n won1 divid$1 or rema9s to =m a ,jack1 j z at ,sweep/ake ,he>ts4 ,! *ief diff]5ce 9 ! game is t ! o!r play]s d n "k :e!r ! w9n] ( ! fir/ trick is load$ or n1 & he is ! only play] :o kn[s h[ _m or :at he>ts are /ill to be play$4 ,,dom9o ,,he>ts4 ,9 ?is v>iation1 six c>ds only are dealt to ea* play]1 ! rema9d] ( ! pack be+ left face d[n on ! table4 ,:5 a play] is unable to foll[ suit1 he mu/ draw c>ds f ! /ock1 "o at a "t1 until he c4 ,! la/ play] ) any c>ds left 9 8 h& mu/ take :at is left ( ! /ock1 if any4 ,! he>ts tak5 9 are !n c\nt$ z usual4 ,?irty-"o po9ts is game1 & ! w9n] is ! play] :o has ! lea/ he>ts scor$ :5 "s o!r play] rea*es ?irty-"o4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,a good play]1 aft] sort+ 8 h&1 c>efully e/imates its possibilities4 ,! h& may be su* t x is evid5tly impossible to avoid tak+ "s he>ts4 ,! play] mu/ !n decide :e!r he w play to give ea* ( ! o!rs he>ts1 or w take !m all himself4 ,if he succe$s 9 ei!r object he has a *ance to w9 back 8 money 9 ! ensu+ ,jack4 ,9 decid+ on 8 *ances to get cle> )\t tak+ a s+le he>t1 ! play] mu/ fir/ consid] ! advisability ( beg9n+ ) a he>t1 or ) a pla9 suit4 ,if he>ts1 he %\ld "k ! probability ( ! he>t he leads n w9n+ ! trick2 if a pla9 suit1 he %\ld "k ! probability ( ! suit go+ r\nd "o or m times )\t he>ts be+ disc>d$ on x1 especially if he int5ds to lead high c>ds4 ,^! *ances mu/ !n be balanc$ "o aga9/ ! o!r & ! m fav\rable select$4 ,,lead+ ,,he>ts ,,orig9ally4 ,:5 y\r he>ts are s small z to be absolutely safe1 su* z ! #g #e #c #b1 x might be suppos$ t ! be/ play w\ld be to lead !m at once1 9 ord] to get a l>ge numb] ( he>ts out ( y\r way4 ,b ) su* c>ds x is usually mu* bett] play1 unless y h a v dang]\s h& 9 pla9 suits1 to res]ve ^! small he>ts until y h a m def9ite idea1 f ! fall ( ! c>ds1 to :om y are giv+ !m4 ,su* c>ds are p>ticul>ly useful = gett+ rid ( ! lead at dang]\s /ages 9 ! end-game4 ,:5 ! pla9-suit c>ds are high or dang]\s1 b ! he>ts are reasonably safe1 x is usually bett] to lead ! he>ts1 & to cont9ue lead+ !m e "t y get 94 ,by foll[+ ^! tactics x is q possible = y to take almo/ e trick 9 ! pla9 suits1 & yet to w9 ! pool by rapidly exhau/+ ! he>ts4 ,if y lead ! #d1 ! only *ance = x to w9 is t "o play] has no he>ts1 & t ! #b & #c are divid$4 ,! odds aga9/ ?is comb9ation ( circum/ances w v>y ) ! numb] ( he>ts y hold ) ! #d1 b may be g5]ally /at$ on ! av]age z ab\t #ej to #a4 ,x is usually consid]$ a saf] lead ?an a high c>d ( a pla9 suit1 ev5 if y h only ?ree ( ! suit4 ,if y\r only he>t is ! #e1 & y propose to lead x1 ! *ances t ! #b1 #c1 & #d are n ea* 9 sep>ate h&s are ab\t #ai 9 #be1 or #ai to #f aga9/ x1 :i* is ab\t #c to #a4 ,if y lead ! #e1 ! odds aga9/ y\r w9n+ ! trick decrease z ! numb] ( he>ts y hold ) ! #e increases4 ,if y h f\r he>ts1 ! #e be+ ! l[e/1 ! odds aga9/ its w9n+ ! trick1 if y lead x1 are ab\t #bi to #aa4 ,if y h eight he>ts1 ! #e be+ ! l[e/1 x is ab\t an ev5 *ance4 ,if y\r only he>t is ! #f1 x is ab\t an ev5 *ance t x w w9 ! trick2 b ! odds aga9/ y increase rapidly ) ! numb] ( additional he>ts t y hold4 ,if y propose to lead ! #g1 ! *ances t x w w9 ! trick are #b to #a "u ! mo/ fav\rable circum/ances1 :i* are :5 x is y\r only he>t4 ,^! odds aga9/ y increase rapidly ) ! numb] ( additional he>ts t y hold4 ,,lead+ ,,pla9 ,,suits ,,orig9ally4 ,x w (t5 happ5 t y w h to decide betwe5 ! lead ( a comp>atively dang]\s he>t & a risky pla9 suit4 ,y\r k ( probabilities %\ld enable y to select ! saf] c\rse4 ,! odds aga9/ gett+ a he>t on ! fir/ r\nd ( a pla9 suit dep5d ^u h[ _m c>ds ( ! suit y hold4 ,if y lead an ,ace1 or any c>d :i* is sure to w9 ! trick1 ! odds aga9/ y\r gett+ a he>t on x are z ! foll[+3-- ,if y h #d c>ds ( ! suit1 #bb to #a4 0 #e 0 #ae to #a4 0 #f 0 #g to #a4 0 #g 0 #d to #a4 0 #h 0 #b to #a4 ,^! odds may be slightly increas$ by tak+ into acc\nt ! fact t play]s :o _c foll[ suit d n always disc>d he>ts1 hav+ p]haps m dang]\s c>ds to get rid (4 ,! odds aga9/ a suit go+ r\nd a second "t may be influ5c$ by ! c>ds play$ to ! fir/ r\nd2 b x sometimes happ5s t y h to calculate 9 advance = two r\nds ( a suit1 reg>dless ( ! c>ds t may be play$ by o!rs4 ,?is is especially ! case :5 y fe> t ! suit w be l$ to y1 & y h su* c>ds z mu/ w9 two r\nds4 ,if y h #d c>ds ( ! suit ! odds aga9/ y\r gett+ a he>t 9 two r\nds are #b to #a4 ,! odds 9 fav\r ( y\r gett+ a he>t 9 two r\nds are3-- ,if y h #e c>ds ( ! suit1 #d to #c4 0 #f 0 #b to #a4 0 #g 0 #f to #a4 ,z an example ( ! value ( a ?or\gh k ( ^! odds to a c>eful play]1 suppose he _h to w9 two r\nds ( a pla9 suit1 ( :i* he held six c>ds2 or to lead ! #g1 hav+ ?ree high]4 ,! suit w\ld be ! bett] play1 because x takes 9 only "o he>t1 :ile ! lead ( ! he>t might take 9 f\r4 ,! foll[+ table %[s ! exact numb] ( times 9 #a1jjj deals t a he>t w\ld probably be disc>d$ on a pla9 suit l$1 accord+ to ! numb] ( c>ds 9 ! suit held by ! lead]1 & ! numb] ( times ! suit 0 l$3 ,c>ds held by ! lead]4 #a1b1c1d #e #f #g #h ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,times he>ts w be disc>d$3-- ,on fir/ r\nd #dd #fc #abb #bjj #cae ,on second r\nd #ceh #dcj #fei #heg #ajjj ,on ?ird r\nd #hdb #ajjj #ajjj #ajjj #ajjj ,?is %[s t #aeh times 9 #a1jjj1 :5 ! lead] has #a1 #b1 #c1 or #d c>ds ( ! suit1 x w g r\nd ?ree times1 because #aeh is ! balance necess>y to br+ our la/ figure1 #hdb1 up to #a1jjj4 ,r$uc+ ?is to a small fraction1 ! odds are ab\t #e to #a t a suit w n g r\nd ?ree times )\t af=d+ to "s play] ! *ance ( disc>d+ he>ts on x4 ,?is calculation %[s ! hopeless nature ( all h&s t conta9 at lea/ ?ree c>ds ( ea* suit1 unless ! smalle/ c>d 9 e suit is bel[ a #f2 = if any "o ( ! suits is l$ ?ree times1 x is ev5 bett+ t y w h to w9 ! ?ird r\nd1 & #e to #a t y get a he>t on x if y d4 ,,pla9-,,suit ,,leads4 ,! fav\rite lead ) mo/ he>t play]s is a s+leton2 or1 fail+ t1 a two-c>d suit4 ,?is is a mi/ake1 unless ! s+leton is a high c>d2 = if ! adv]s>ies are %>p play]s !y w at once suspect ! nature ( ! lead1 & c>efully avoid ! suit4 ,b if y wait until "s o!r play] op5s ! suit1 x w v probably be l$ twice 9 succession4 ,! be/ orig9al pla9-suit lead is "o 9 :i* y are mod]ately long1 b h small c>ds en\gh to be safe1 & f :i* y c lead int]m$iate c>ds :i* probably w n w9 ! fir/ trick4 ,a v little exp]i5ce at ,he>ts w conv9ce any "o t x is be/1 9 pla9 suits1 to play out ! high c>ds fir/4 ,?is agrees ) ! !ory ( probabilities2 = :ile ! odds are #bb to #a aga9/ y\r gett+ a he>t on ! fir/ r\nd ( a pla9 suit ( :i* y h #d c>ds1 ! odds are only #b to #a aga9/ x on ! second r\nd1 & on ! ?ird !y are #e to #a 9 fav\r ( x4 ,accord+ly1 on ! fir/ r\nd mo/ play]s put up _! highe/ c>d ( ! suit l$1 no matt] :at _! position ) reg>d to ! lead]2 b 9 s do+1 !y (t5 run ne$less risks4 ,! object 9 ,sweep/ake ,he>ts is to take none1 & ! mo/ successful play]s w be f\nd to be ^? :o play consi/5tly ) ! greate/ odds 9 _! fav\r = tak+ none4 ,suppose t y hold su* a suit z ,a #aj #i #g #d #b4 ,?is is a safe suit2 because x is v improbable t y c be compell$ to take a trick 9 x4 ,! be/ lead f su* a suit is ! #aj or #i4 ,if ! suit is l$ by any o!r play]1 ! same c>d %\ld be play$1 unless y are f\r? h&1 & h no objection to ! lead4 ,?is avoids ! risk1 h[ev] slight1 ( gett+ a he>t on ! fir/ r\nd1 :i* w\ld be entail$ by play+ ! ace4 ,9 ,sweep/ake ,he>ts x is a great mi/ake to play ! high c>ds ( a suit 9 :i* y are safe2 = no matt] h[ small ! risk1 x is an unnecess>y "o4 ,9 ! case we are consid]+1 :5 y h six c>ds ( ! suit1 ! odds are #g to #a aga9/ y\r gett+ a he>t if y play ! ace fir/ r\nd4 ,t is to say1 y w probably lose "o pool out ( e eight if y play x4 ,take ! greate/ odds 9 y\r fav\r1 :5 y h only f\r c>ds ( a suit2 !y are #bb to #a aga9/ y\r gett+ a he>t ! fir/ r\nd1 s t y w\ld lose by x only once 9 #bc times4 ,b ?is is a heavy p]c5tage aga9/ y if y are play+ ) ^? :o d n run su* risks1 = y give up e *ance y might o!rwise h 9 #e pools out ( e #aaj4 ,:5 y h a dang]\s h& 9 he>ts1 b "o absolutely safe long suit1 x is (t5 good play to beg9 ) y\r safe suit1 reta9+ any high c>ds y may h 9 o!r suits 9 ord] to get ! lead z (t5 z possible = ! purpose ( cont9u+ y\r safe suit1 :i* w usually result 9 "o or m ( ! o!r play]s gett+ load$4 ,:5 y h at lea/ ?ree ( ea* pla9 suit x is obvi\s t y _c hope = any disc>ds1 & t y mu/ take into acc\nt ! probability ( hav+ to w9 ! ?ird r\nd ( "o or m suits1 ) ! accompany+ possibility ( gett+ he>ts at ! same "t4 ,if y h ! lead1 ?is probability mu/ be tak5 into acc\nt be=e any ( ! o!r play]s %[ _! h&s1 & z x may be set d[n z ab\t #e to #a t y w get a he>t1 any bett] *ance t ! h& af=ds %\ld be tak5 advantage (4 ,x w (t5 occur t a play]'s att5tion mu/ be s conc5trat$ on gett+ cle> himself t he has no opportunity to s*eme = 8load+0 ! o!rs4 ,b if x un=tunately happ5s t he is compell$ to take 9 "o or m he>ts1 he %\ld at once turn 8 att5tion to tak+ !m all1 or to load+ ! o!r play]s1 ) a view to mak+ a ,jack ( ! pool4 ,%\ld he succe$ 9 ei!r object1 he has ano!r *ance = 8 money4 ,x is usually bad policy to return ! suit op5$ by ! orig9al lead]4 ,he has pick$ t out z 8 safe/ suit1 & al?\gh he may be ! only "o safe 9 x1 by cont9u+ x y are r$uc+ y\r *ances to two play]s1 :5 y might %>e !m ) all ?ree4 ,,foll[+ ,,suit4 ,:5 a play] is n ! orig9al lead]1 8 policy becomes def5sive2 =1 z ! fir/ play] is plott+ to give he>ts to e "o b himself1 ea* ( ! o!rs mu/ be a prospective victim1 & %\ld d 8 be/ to avoid ! traps prep>$ by ! "o :o plans ! op5+ ( ! h&4 ,:5 y are second or ?ird play]1 ! fir/ "t a suit is l$1 x is usually be/ to play y\r highe/ c>d1 unless y are safe 9 ! suit1 or h s _m t !re is dang] ( gett+ a he>t1 ev5 on ! fir/ r\nd4 ,z f\r? play]1 y %\ld always play y\r highe/ c>d1 unless !re is already a he>t 9 ! trick1 or "s decid$ disadvantage 9 ! lead4 ,! risks y run 9 play+ high c>ds :ile foll[+ suit mu/ be judg$ by ! same probabilities t we exam9$ 9 consid]+ ! orig9al lead4 ,! fact t "o or m play]s h already foll[$ suit1 & p]haps ! c>ds !y h play$1 may enable y to arrive at a /ill clos] e/imate ( y\r *ances4 ,x is g5]ally conc$$1 t ! odds aga9/ a play] :o holds up on ! fir/ r\nd are ab\t #a to #aa4 ,t is to say1 9 #ab pools1 he w sacrifice 8 *ances ( "o simply by hold+ up4 ,aft] "o or two tricks h be5 play$1 ! conditions may be su* t x becomes necess>y to hold up1 9 ord] to w9 ! second r\nd4 ,?is is especially ! case aft] y h be5 load$1 & are anxi\s to keep a c]ta9 play] out ( ! lead4 ,= an example see ,illu/rative ,h& ,no4 #d4 9 :i* ,y holds up ! ,k+ to keep ,a f gett+ 9 & lead+ ano!r r\nd ( he>ts4 ,9 ! same h& ,z tries h>d to make ! pool a ,jack by hold+ up ! ,q4 ,_h n ,a be5 entirely safe 9 diamonds ! /ratagem w\ld h succe$$4 ,9 foll[+ suit x is important to keep c\nt ( ! c>ds play$1 9 ord] to avoid ! unwitt+ lead ( a suit ( :i* ! o!r play]s h none4 ,! suits t ne$ close wat*+ are ^? 9 :i* y h no?+ small] ?an a six or eight4 ,y %\ld be c>eful to note :i* play] appe>s to h ! small] c>ds1 aft] ! suit has be5 l$ once or twice1 & be on ! wat* to take ! lead away f him 9 o!r suits if y c1 or he may load y by lead+ ! small c>ds ( y\r dang]\s suit1 9 :i* he is safe4 ,:5 ?is dang] is app>5t1 x is be/ to reta91 until ! second r\nd1 su* high c>ds z ,k+s & ,que5s ( ! suits l$4 ,ev5 if y h f\r ( ! suit1 y run only a #b to #a risk 9 w9n+ ! second r\nd in/ead ( ! fir/1 z aga9/ a c]ta9ty t y w be out ( ! pool at once if ! dang]\s play] gets ! lead4 ,= an example ( ?is1 see ,b's play 9 ,illu/rative ,h& ,no4 #b4 ,:]e y h a c]ta9 safe c>d1 & o!rs ( ano!r suit n absolutely safe1 x is bett] to keep ! safe c>d1 9 ord] to be sure ( gett+ rid ( ! lead if y are put 9 on y\r dang]\s suit4 ,9 foll[+ suit1 ! mo/ annoy+ h& t "o c hold is "o conta9+ at lea/ ?ree c>ds ( ea* suit1 none ( !m bel[ a #f4 ,!re is no hope ( a disc>d1 unless two play]s make a fight 9 "s "o suit1 :i* !y lead f\r or five times 9 ord] to load ea* o!r1 reg>dless ( ! escape ( ! o!r play]s4 ,?is v seldom occurs1 & nev] among good play]s4 ,) su* a h& escape is almo/ impossible1 & x is usually be/ to make ! losses z small z possible4 ,_m good play]s1 ) su* a h&1 w delib]ately take 9 he>ts on ! pla9 suits1 hop+ to escape ) only "o or two 9 ea* trick1 in/ead ( hav+ to c>ry ! :ole load by gett+ into ! lead at ! end4 ,x %\ld nev] be =gott5 t :5 y mu/ inevitably take "s he>ts x is *eap] to take !m 9 on pla9 suits ?an to w9 he>t tricks4 ,,control ,,( ,,! ,,lead4 ,"o ( ! /ronge/ po9ts 9 good he>t play is ! prop] control ( ! lead at c]ta9 times4 ,a play] ^: h& conta9s no comm&+ c>ds1 & :o is unable to d any?+ b foll[ suit on ! fir/ two or ?ree r\nds1 w (t5 f9d himself compell$ to w9 "o ( ! lat] r\nds ) a small c>d1 tak+ 9 "o or two he>ts ) x2 & ?is mis=tune usually ov]takes him because a c]ta9 play] gets into ! lead at a critical p]iod ( ! h&4 ,if he sees ! imp5d+ dang]1 & has ,k1 ,q or ,j ( a suit l$1 he w n give up 8 high c>d1 ev5 if ! ace is play$ to ! trick2 b w reta9 x 9 ord] to prev5t ! possibility ( ! dang]\s play] gett+ into ! lead on ! second r\nd ( ! suit4 ,9 do+ ?is1 he ( c\rse decreases ! odds aga9/ 8 gett+ he>ts1 by delib]ately w9n+ ! second r\nd4 ,b #b to #a 9 8 fav\r is a mu* bett] *ance ?an ! c]ta9ty1 almo/1 t he w be load$ if a p>ticul> play] is all[$ ! opportunity to lead a c]ta9 suit aga94 ,see ,b's play 9 ,illu/rative ,h& ,no #b1 & ,y's 9 ,no #d4 ,a play] may h no desire to prev5t any p>ticul> adv]s>y f gett+ ! lead2 b may be anxi\s simply to c>ry out a c]ta9 l9e ( play4 ,9 ord] to d ?is x may be ess5tial t he %\ld h "s direction ( ! c\rse ( ! h&4 ,?is is impossible if 8 play is conf9$ to foll[+ suit helplessly1 :atev] is l$4 ,he mu/ be able to assume ! lead himself 9 ord] s to *ange ! c\rse ( ! play z to bett] suit 8 game4 ,let u suppose t he has a dang]\s h& 9 pla9 suits1 b is safe 9 he>ts1 & decides t 8 be/ *ance is to lead he>ts at e opportunity2 or t he has a c]ta9 safe suit :i* x is manife/ly to 8 advantage to h l$ z (t5 z possible4 ,! o!r play]s1 be+ ! ones :o are to suff] f ?is l9e ( play1 w ( c\rse prev5t x if possible2 & 9 ord] to c>ry out ! plan 9 spite ( _! opposition1 x w be necess>y = ! individual play] to ga9 ! lead a c]ta9 numb] ( times1 & s =ce 8 game ^u !m4 ,aga91 a play] may "k t he c load a c]ta9 adv]s>y if he c get 9 & lead a c]ta9 suit or c>d2 or he may "k t by giv+ "o play] ! lead1 t play] c load ano!r4 ,9 su* cases comm&+ c>ds mu/ be held or reta9$1 9 ord] to give ! play] a c]ta9 control ( ! lead4 ,:5 a play] is attempt+ to take all ?irte5 he>ts1 ! control ( ! lead1 especially 9 ! end game1 is v important2 because ! design ( ea* ( ! o!r play]s w be to get ! lead into "s o!r h&1 9 ! hope t !y may load ! play] hav+ x1 & s at lea/ divide ! pool4 ,,! ,,disc>d4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important elem5ts 9 he>t play is ! disc>d4 ,! beg9n] is too apt to disc>d he>ts at e opportunity2 b a little exp]i5ce w tea* him t ev5 a #c 9 a pla9 suit may be a bett] c>d to "p )4 ,! mo/ important ?+ 9 disc>d+ is to r$uce ! odds aga9/ y\r w9n+ ! pool4 ,let u suppose t y h ! ,a ,k ,q ( a pla9 suit4 ,x is #e to #a t y get a he>t if ?is suit is l$ a ?ird "t4 ,if y c get a disc>d1 ! odds are at once r$uc$ to #b to #a 9 y\r fav\r1 t be+ ! probability t y w escape1 ev5 if y h to w9 two r\nds4 ,?is is a v l>ge p]c5tage1 & %\ld nev] be lo/ sight (4 ,if y h a *oice betwe5 two disc>ds1 "o be+ f ! ,k ,q ,j #b ( he>ts1 & ! o!r f ! ,k ,q ,j ( a pla9 suit1 select ! pla9 suit4 ,y c improve y\r *ances little or none 9 ! he>ts1 :ile y n only br+ ! odds to y\r side 9 ! pla9 suit1 b secure a *ance ( disc>d+ on ! ?ird r\nd ( x4 ,foll[+ ! same pr9ciple1 x is evid5tly good play to disc>d f a suit :i* has be5 l$ once or twice1 if y h a dang]\s c>d or c>ds 9 x4 ,ev5 if y h a safe t5ace 9 a suit1 su* z #d & #b1 ! #e & #c be+ /ill out some:]e1 x is bett] to disc>d f x if !re is ! slighte/ dang] ( y\r gett+ ! lead4 ,t5aces are only safe :5 l$ up to4 ,9 ,h[ell's settl+1 ! object is n s mu* to load ! o!rs z to escape y\rself4 ,x is nev] advisable to attempt to take all ?irte5 he>ts1 because !re are no ,jacks2 b !re are _m cases 9 :i* x is bett] delib]ately to take ?ree or f\r1 9 ord] to avoid ! *ance ( tak+ six or eight4 ,= an example ( ^! tactics adopt$ by two play]s1 see ,illu/rative ,h&1 ,no4 #c4 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 !re are (t5 cases 9 :i* x is advisable to take a trick ) "o he>t 9 x1 9 ord] to get rid ( a dang]\s c>d1 :i* might br+ y 9 sev]al he>ts lat] on4 ,! g5]al pr9ciples ( lead+ & disc>d+ are ! same z 9 ,sweep/ake ,he>ts2 b x is n necess>y to take su* desp]ate *ances to escape entirely4 ,,?ree-,,h&$ ,,he>ts is m difficult to play ?an any o!r =m ( ! game1 p>tly because !re are s _m r\nds ( ea* suit1 & p>tly because ! mom5t "o play] refuses1 ! exact c>ds ( t suit 9 ! two o!r play]s' h&s are kn[n to ea* ( !m4 ,!re is usually a great deal ( cross-fight+ 9 ! ?ree-h&$ game1 dur+ :i* "o play] escapes by gett+ num]\s disc>ds4 ,:5 all ?ree h refus$1 ea* a diff]5t suit1 ! end game becomes a "q ( g5]al%ip1 & ! pres]vation ( "o or m comm&+ c>ds1 ) :i* to control & place ! lead1 is usually ! key to ! situation4 ,a play] :o has no high c>ds = ! end game1 unless he is q safe1 is almo/ c]ta9 to be load$ 9 ! la/ few tricks4 ,,two-,,h&$ ,,he>ts4 ,be=e op5+ ! h&1 ! play] %\ld c>efully consid] :at suits are safe & :at are dang]\s4 ,x is usually be/ to pres]ve ! safe suits & to lead ! dang]\s ones1 :i* y %\ld cle> y\r h& (1 if possible4 ,x is a great advantage to h a miss+ suit1 & equally disadvantage\s to h a numb] ( a suit ( :i* y\r adv]s>y is probably cle>4 ,if a c>d ( a miss+ suit is drawn1 x is usually be/ to lead x at once1 s z to keep ! suit cle>2 b 9 s do+1 be c>eful fir/ to place ! c>d among ! o!rs 9 ! h&1 or y\r adv]s>y w detect t x is a miss+ suit4 ,! lead is a disadvantage if y h safe he>ts2 b t[>d ! end ( ! /ock1 f :i* c>ds are drawn1 x is an advantage to h comm&+ c>ds1 ) :i* y c assume ! lead if necess>y4 ,!re is "s f9esse 9 det]m9+ :e!r or n to *ange ! suit (t5 9 ! leads4 ,if y h a bett] memory ?an y\r adv]s>y1 x may be well to *ange (t52 b if n1 x may assi/ y to keep at "o suit until afraid to lead x aga94 ,9 ,two-,h&$ ,he>ts1 keep+ c\nt ( ! c>ds is ! mo/ important matt]1 because ! real play comes aft] ! /ock is exhau/$1 & ! mom5t t occurs y %\ld "k e c>d 9 y\r adv]s>y's h&4 ,! exact numb] ( ea* suit %\ld be a c]ta9ty1 if n ! exact rank ( ! c>ds4 ,until y c dep5d on y\rself = ?is1 y are n a good play]4 ,! la/ ?irte5 tricks are usually a problem 9 d\ble-dummy2 b ! advantage w always be f\nd to be ) ! play] :o has c>efully prep>$ himself = ! f9al /ruggle by pres]v+ c]ta9 safe suits1 & gett+ rid ( ^? 9 :i* x became evid5t t 8 adv]s>y _h ! small & safe c>ds4 ,"s v pretty positions arise 9 ! end game1 x be+ (t5 possible to =esee t f\r or five tricks mu/ be play$ 9 a c]ta9 mann] 9 ord] to ensure ! lead be+ prop]ly plac$ at ! end1 s t ! odd he>ts may be avoid$4 ,,auction ,,he>ts4 ,! c>ds hav+ be5 cut & dealt1 ! play] to ! left ( ! deal]1 :om we %all call ,a1 exam9es 8 h&1 & det]m9es :i* suit he w\ld pref] to play to get cle> (4 ,let u suppose 8 h& to consi/ ( ! ,a ,k #h2 ,j #f #e #d #c #b2 ,k #d2 & ! #g #c4 ,if ! suit rema9s he>ts1 he is almo/ c]ta9 to take 9 a numb]2 b if x is *ang$ to clubs1 he is almo/ z c]ta9 ( gett+ cle>4 ,! h& is n absolutely safe1 z he>ts might be l$ two or ?ree times be=e ! clubs 9 ! o!r h&s 7 exhau/$ by ! orig9al lead]1 ^: game w\ld be to lead small clubs4 ,z ! pool w conta9 ?irte5 c\nt]s to a c]ta9ty1 he c af=d to bid 9 proportion to 8 *ances ( w9n+ x = ! privilege ( mak+ clubs ! suit to be avoid$1 in/ead ( he>ts4 ,x might be assum$1 if ! odds 7 #aj to #a t ! play] w\ld get cle> if ! suit 7 clubs1 t !re=e he c\ld af=d to bid t5 times ! am\nt ( ! pool1 or #acj1 = 8 *ance4 ,!oretically ?is is correct1 b if he %\ld lose "o su* pool1 he w\ld h to w9 t5 o!rs to get back 8 bid alone1 to say no?+ ( ! am\nts he w\ld lose by pay+ 8 %>e 9 pools won by o!rs4 ,let u suppose him to w9 8 %>e1 "o-f\r? ( all ! pools4 ,:ile he is w9n+ ! t5 pools necess>y to repair 8 s+le loss1 he has to /& 8 %>e ( ! losses 9 ! ?irty o!rs1 :i* w\ld av]age ab\t #abh c\nt]s4 ,?is mu/ %[ u t ev5 if a play] has a #aj to #a *ance 9 8 fav\r1 he mu/ calculate n only on los+ t *ance once 9 elev5 times1 b mu/ make provision = ! am\nts he w lose 9 o!r pools4 ,exp]i5ce %[s t a bid ( #be w\ld be ab\t ! am\nt a good play] w\ld make on su* a h& z we are consid]+1 if ! pool 7 n a ,jack1 & he _h fir/ say4 ,! next play]1 ,y1 n[ exam9es 8 h&4 ,let u suppose t he f9ds #f #d #c2 ,a ,k #aj2 #h #g #e #c2 #f #e #d4 ,if ! fir/ bidd] is (f]+ on clubs1 x is evid5t t he w lead !m1 z ! successful bidd] has ! orig9al lead 9 ,auction ,he>ts2 & x is equally evid5t t if he does s1 a play] ) ,a ,k #aj w h to pay = mo/ ( ! pool4 ,if any ( ! o!r suits is ! "o bid on1 ,b has z good a *ance = ! pool z any "o1 at lea/ to divide x4 ,) two m5 /ill to bid1 a good play] w\ld probably make himself safe by %utt+ out ,a's bid1 probably (f]+ #bf4 ,let u suppose ,b !n to exam9e 8 h&1 f9d+ ,j #aj2 ,q #i #h #g2 ,a #aj #i2 #aj #i #h #b4 ,be+ unsafe 9 ev]y?+1 he passes1 & practically submits to 8 fate1 8 only hope be+ t ! pool w result 9 a ,jack4 ,z !n exam9es 8 h&1 f9d+ ,q #i #g #e #b2 none2 ,q ,j #f #b2 ,a ,k ,q ,j4 ,he sees at once t on spades he w\ld lose ev]y?+1 & on diamonds he w\ld h a v poor *ance4 ,on clubs ! result w\ld dep5d on h[ (t5 spades 7 l$4 ,9 he>ts1 he has a v good h&1 especially z he has a miss+ suit to disc>d 94 ,z he is ! la/ bidd] he c make sure ( ! *oice = #bg1 :i* he bids1 & pays into ! pool4 ,! result ( ! play is giv5 9 ,illu/rative ,h& ,no4 #d4 7,z ! c>ds happ5 to lie1 _h ,a be5 ! successful bidd] & made x clubs1 ,z w\ld h won ! pool47 ,,illu/rative ,,h&s4 ,no4 #a4 ,sweep/ake ,he>ts4 ,t ,no4 #b4 ,sweep/ake ,he>ts4 ,a leads = fir/ trick4 ,r ,a leads = fir/ trick4 ,i --------------------------- ,c--------------------------- ,a ,y ,b ,z ,k ,a ,y ,b ,z ---------------------------------------- ---------------- #aj ,q #h ,k #a ,a ,k #aj ,q ,j ,a #d ,k #b #e #b #i ,j #f ,a ,j ,q #c #aj ,j #i ,a #e ,k #aj #i #d ,q #h ,k #d #d #c #b #h #e #b ,j ,a #i #i #g #c ,q #f ,q #aj ,k #h #f #e #b #aj #g ,a #g #c ,q #c #f #d ,j #h #aj #d #c #e #b #e ,k #i #i #d ,k #f #g ,a ,q #aj #e #aj #i #g ,j #e #g ,j #i #g #aa #g #b #h #h #f #h #d #h #ab #f #f #f #d ,a #b #c #g #ac #c #e #b #c ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,a #d ,y #f ,b #b ,z #a ,a #d ,y #e ,b #j ,z #d ,mak+ x a ,jack4 ,b w9s ! ,pool4 ,no4 #a4 #bnd ,trick4 ,z sees t ) su* a h& escape is impossible4 ,z 8 *ief dang] is 9 be+ load$ ) he>ts at ! end1 he cle>s 8 h& z rapidly z possible4 #i? ,trick4 ,! ,a be+ held up1 x looks z if ,a 7 safe 9 t suit ) ,a #e #b4 ,if ,z n[ leads ! #e1 & ,a gets into ! lead1 return+ ! spade1 ,z mu/ take e o!r trick4 #aj? ,trick4 ,if ,z n[ leads #g1 he loads ,a2 b if 8 #e %\ld w9 ! next trick he w take all ! re/ ( ! he>ts1 ,y & ,b divid+ ! pool4 ,if he leads ! #e fir/ he _c get m ?an f\r he>ts1 & ! o!r play]s w inevitably make a ,jack ( x4 #aa? ,trick4 ,y sees t if he und]plays ! #g l$1 ,b w w9 ! pool1 z he has no?+ b he>ts1 ,a hav+ only "o m4 ,he keeps ,a out ( ! lead by w9n+ two r\nds1 s z to be sure ( load+ ,b1 mak+ x a ,jack4 ,! end+ is v well play$4 ,no4 #b4 ,a has an ev5 *ance to escape1 & x is bett] = him to be ?ird or f\r? play] 9 he>ts ?an to lead !m4 #crd ,trick4 ,b sees f ! fall ( ! clubs t ,y has no m1 & t ,a is safe 9 !m & w lead !m aga92 s he holds up ,k to keep ,a out ( ! lead4 #g? ,trick4 ,z ,a's h& c n[ be c\nt$ to conta9 ei!r ! #g #d #c ( clubs & f\r dang]\s he>ts1 or ! #d #c ( clubs & five he>ts1 ,b's game is cle>ly to lead diamonds1 9 ord] to load ,y & ,z4 ,8 only dang]\s c>d1 ! ,j1 w g on ! next r\nd ( spades1 :i* mu/ be l$ aga9 9 ! next two or ?ree tricks4 ,no4 #c4 ,h[ell's ,settl+4 ,t ,no4 #d4 ,auction ,he>ts4 ,z dealt1 & ,a leads = ,r ,a1 ! successful fir/ trick4 ,i bidd]1 names ,he>ts4 -------------------------------- ,c -------------------------------- ,a ,y ,b ,z ,k ,a ,y ,b ,z ---------------------------------------- --------------------- #aj ,j #i ,k #a #e #h #f ,j #g #f #h ,q #b ,q #d #h ,a #d #i ,j ,a #c ,j ,k #g #aj #b #h #e ,k #d ,a #g #f #aj ,j #h ,k ,a #e #g ,a #d #aj #e #g ,q #aj #f ,k #c #e #i #d #f #c #b #g ,q ,k #c #i #e #c #h #d #h #i ,j #aj ,q ,a ,j #g #e #i ,q #f #d #h #i #b ,k ,q #aj ,j #e ,a #b ,a #aj #f #i #aa #f #d #e #i #d #c ,q #aj #ab #b #c ,k #h #b #g #c #f #ac #b #b #c #g ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,a #c ,y #b ,b #g ,z #a ,a #j ,y #g ,b #a ,z #e ,z w9s #i2 ,y #e2 ,a #a2 ,b loses #ae4 ,a w9s ! pool4 ,no4 #c4 ,a beg9s ) ! int]m$iate c>ds ( 8 safe suit4 #h? ,trick4 ,y is afraid to lead away f 8 club t5ace1 because x might be at once l$ back to him4 #i? ,trick4 ,z seizes ?is opportunity to get rid ( ! v dang]\s #e4 ,if ,a does n play ! ,a n[1 x is q possible t he w take e trick1 except "o 9 diamonds4 #aj? ,trick4 ,if ,a leads ! #b1 & he>ts are l$ aga91 he mu/ take all ! rema9+ he>ts4 ,by tak+ ?ree at once he c escape ! re/4 ,b sees t if he passes ?is trick ,a w at once lead ! #b1 & he w take all ! rema9+ he>ts2 s he takes ^! ?ree & ?r[s ! lead to ,y1 :o has no *ance to injure him4 #aa? ,trick4 ,z keeps two clubs1 hop+ t if ,y gets 9 & leads clubs1 ,b may disc>d a diamond in/ead ( a he>t1 9 :i* case ,z w\ld get cle>4 ,no4 #d4 ,a1 ) 8 dang]\s suit ( spades1 cle>s up ! he>ts at once4 #f? ,trick4 ,! second r\nd ( spades betrays ,a's dang]\s suit to ! o!r play]s4 #g? ,trick4 ,a mu/ risk ! ,k+ & #c be+ divid$1 = if !y are 9 "o h& no?+ w save him4 ,z keeps #i & ,q 9 ord] to be sure ( gett+ a lead1 z he is ! only play] :o c load ,a by putt+ him 9 on spades at ! end mak+ him take 9 8 own he>ts4 #h? ,trick4 ,b _c risk play+ ! high clubs :ile !re is any *ance = him to w9 ! pool4 ,he c c\nt ,a to be safe 9 diamonds1 ) two he>ts & two spades4 #aj? ,trick4 ,a cle>s 8 h& ( ! v dang]\s spade be=e lead+ 8 t5ace 9 diamonds4 #ab? ,trick4 ,a w n give up ! he>t until he is sure t ,b has n ! #g4 99 99 99 99 99 ,text ,books4 ,!re are at pres5t only two text-books on ! game2 ,fo/] on ,he>ts1 & ,he>ts & ,he>tsette4 ,,slobb]hannes4 ,c>ds4 ,slobb]hannes is play$ ) a ,eu*re pack1 ?irty-two c>ds1 all bel[ ! ,sev5 be+ delet$4 ,! c>ds rank3 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g1 ! ace be+ ! highe/ bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,!re is no trump suit4 ,c\nt]s4 ,ea* play] is provid$ ) t5 c\nt]s1 & po9ts are m>k$ by plac+ ^! c\nt]s 9 ! pool4 ,! play] :o fir/ loses 8 t5 c\nt]s also loses ! game4 ,if /akes are play$ =1 c\nt]s ( a diff]5t col\r mu/ be provid$1 & ! play] los+ ! game mu/ pay z _m c\nt]s to ea* ( ! o!rs z !y h po9ts /ill 9 front ( !m4 ,"o play] is usually ! bank]1 & sells & r$eems all money c\nt]s4 ,! o!rs are r$i/ribut$ at ! end ( ea* game4 ,play]s4 ,any numb] f f\r to sev5 may play2 b ! two black ,sev5s mu/ be delet$ if !re are m ?an f\r play]s4 ,:5 sev5 play1 ! deal] takes no c>ds4 ,all ! prelim9>ies ( seats1 c>ds & deal are settl$ z at ,he>ts4 ,deal+4 ,! entire pack is di/ribut$1 ! deal] giv+ ea* play] 9 rotation two or ?ree c>ds 9 ea* r\nd4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,all irregul>ities 9 ! deal are gov]n$ by ! same laws z at ,he>ts2 b a misdeal does n lose ! deal "u any circum/ances4 ,! same deal] mu/ deal aga94 ,objects ( ! ,game4 ,! object 9 ,slobb]hannes is to avoid tak+ ei!r ! fir/ or ! la/ trick1 or any trick conta9+ ! ,que5 ( clubs4 ,! play] :o w9s any ( ^! loses "o po9t1 & if he w9s all ?ree ( !m1 he loses an extra po9t1 or f\r altoge!r4 ,! p5alty = a revoke is also ! loss ( a po9t4 ,me?od ( ,play+4 ,! elde/ h& beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c4 ,! highe/ c>d play$1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick1 & ! w9n] takes x 9 & leads = ! next trick4 ,! play] w9n+ ! fir/ trick mu/ pay = x imm$iately1 to avoid disputes4 ,! tricks :i* are nei!r ! fir/ nor ! la/ h no value1 unless !y conta9 ! club ,que51 :i* mu/ be paid = z soon z x is tak5 94 ,!re is a good deal ( play 9 manuvr+ to get rid ( c>ds :i* might w9 ! la/ trick1 or :i* w\ld take 9 ! club ,que54 ,! ,ace & ,k+ ( clubs are ( c\rse dang]\s c>ds1 & unless ! play] hold+ !m has small c>ds en\gh to make him safe 9 t suit1 he %\ld be on ! al]t = opportunities to disc>d4 ,,polignac4 ,,quatre-,,valets1 ,,or ,,f\r ,,jacks4 ,c>ds & ,play]s4 ,:5 ,polignac is play$ by f\r p]sons1 a ,piquet pack is us$1 & eight c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 #c-b-c at a "t4 ,:5 five play1 ! two black ,sev5s are delet$1 & six c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]4 ,:5 six play1 ea* receives five c>ds4 ,:5 sev5 play1 ! deal] takes no c>ds4 ,9 ,france1 ! c>ds usually rank z 9 c>t2 ,k ,q ,j ,a #aj #i #h #g2 b 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica x is m usual to pres]ve ! ord] 9 ,piquet1 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g4 ,!re is no trump suit4 ,all ! prelim9>ies are settl$ z at ,he>ts or ,slobb]hannes4 ,c\nt]s4 ,ea* play] is provid$ ) t5 or tw5ty c\nt]s1 z may be agre$ ^u1 & ! play] fir/ los+ 8 c\nt]s loses ! game1 & pays to ea* ( ! o!rs any /ake t may h be5 previ\sly agre$ ^u1 usually a c\nt] = ea* po9t !y h /ill to g :5 he is decav4 ,objects ( ! ,game4 ,! object ( ! game is to avoid w9n+ any trick conta9+ a ,jack1 & especially ! ,jack ( spades1 :i* is call$ ,polignac4 ,! mom5t any play] w9s a trick conta9+ a ,jack1 he pays "o c\nt] into ! pool4 ,if he takes 9 ,polignac1 he pays two c\nt]s4 ,! elde/ h& beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c4 ,! highe/ c>d play$1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick1 & ! w9n] leads = ! next trick4 ,if a play] has none ( ! suit l$ he may disc>d any?+ he pleases4 ,! game is sometimes v>i$ by add+ a g5]al1 or capot4 ,any play] :o ?9ks he c w9 all ! tricks ann\nces capot be=e ! fir/ c>d is l$4 ,if he is successful he loses no?+2 b ea* ( ! o!rs mu/ pay five c\nt]s into ! pool1 "o = ea* ,jack1 & "o extra = ,polignac4 ,if ! capot play] fails to w9 e trick1 ea* play] pays = :atev] jacks he has tak5 94 ,,enfl1 ,,or ,,s*well54 ,:5 ,enfl is play$ by f\r p]sons1 ! ,piquet pack ( ?irty-two c>ds is us$4 ,if !re are m ?an f\r play]s1 suffici5t c>ds are add$ to give eight to ea* p]son4 ,! rank ( ! c>ds & all o!r prelim9>ies are ! same z at ,he>ts4 ,!re is no trump suit4 ,! c>ds are dealt #c-b-c at a "t4 ,! elde/ h& leads any c>d he pleases1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c4 ,if all foll[ suit1 ! highe/ c>d play$ w9s ! trick1 :i* is turn$ face d[n1 & ! c>ds 9 x are dead4 ,! w9n] leads = ! next trick1 & s on4 ,b if any play] is unable to foll[ suit1 he is n all[$ to disc>d1 b mu/ imm$iately ga!r up ! c>ds already play$1 & take !m into 8 own h& ) ! c>ds orig9ally dealt to him4 ,! play]s foll[+ ! "o :o r5\nces to ! suit l$ d n play to ! trick at all2 b wait = him to lead = ! next trick4 ,%\ld any play] fail to foll[ suit on ! next trick1 or on any subsequ5t trick1 he ga!rs ! c>ds already play$1 takes !m into 8 h& & leads = ! next trick4 ,! play is cont9u$ 9 ?is mann] until "s play] gets rid ( all 8 c>ds1 & s w9s ! game4 ,enfl is usually play$ = a pool1 to :i* ea* play] contributes an equal am\nt be=e play beg9s4 ,! game requires consid]able skill & memory to play x well1 x be+ v important to rememb] ! c>ds tak5 9 h& by c]ta9 play]s1 & ^? :i* are 9 ! tricks turn$ d[n4 ,,! ,,laws ,,( ,,he>ts4 #a4 ,=mation ( table4 ,^? fir/ 9 ! room h ! pref]5ce4 ,if m ?an ! necess>y numb] assemble1 ! *oice %all be det]m9$ by cutt+1 ^? cutt+ ! l[e/ c>ds hav+ ! "r to play4 ,six p]sons is ! l>ge/ numb] t c play at "o table4 ,! play] cutt+ ! l[e/ c>d has ! deal4 #b4 ,9 cutt+1 ! ,ace is l[4 ,play]s cutt+ c>ds ( equal value1 cut aga94 ,all mu/ cut f ! same pack1 & any p]son expos+ m ?an "o c>d mu/ cut aga94 ,draw+ c>ds f an outspread pack is equival5t to cutt+4 #c4 ,a complete ,he>t pack consi/s ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank 9 ! foll[+ ord]3--,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b1 ! ,ace be+ highe/ 9 play4 ,9 ,?ree-,h&$ ,he>ts1 ! spade deuce is ?r[n out4 ,9 ,five-,h&$1 bo? ! black deuces are laid aside4 ,9 ,six-,h&$1 all f\r deuces are disc>d$4 ,9 ,jok] ,he>ts ! he>t deuce is replac$ by ! ,jok]4 #d4 ,:5 two packs are us$1 ! play] next b "o on ! deal]'s left mu/ collect & %uffle ! c>ds = ! next deal1 plac+ !m on 8 "r4 ,! deal] has ! privilege ( %uffl+ la/4 #e4 ,! deal] mu/ pres5t ! pack to 8 "r-h& adv]s>y to be cut4 ,n less ?an f\r c>ds %all con/itute a cut4 #f4 ,9 case ( any confusion or exposure ( ! c>ds 9 cutt+1 or 9 reunit+ !m aft] cutt+1 ! pack mu/ be %uffl$ & cut aga94 #g4 ,if ! deal] re%uffles ! c>ds aft] !y h be5 prop]ly cut1 or looks at ! bottom c>d1 he loses 8 deal4 #h4 ,aft] ! c>ds h be5 cut1 ! deal] mu/ di/ribute !m "o at a "t to ea* play] 9 rotation1 beg9n+ at 8 left1 & cont9u+ until ! pack is exhau/$2 or 9 ,two-,h&$ ,he>ts1 until ea* play] has ?irte54 #i4 ,! deal passes to ! left4 #aj4 ,!re mu/ be a new deal by ! same deal] if ! pack is prov$ to be incorrect1 ei!r dur+ ! deal or dur+ ! play ( a h&2 or if any c>d is fac$ 9 ! pack1 or is f\nd to be s m>k$ or mutilat$ t x c be nam$4 ,9 ! la/ case a new pack mu/ be us$4 #aa4 ,if a c>d is expos$ dur+ ! deal1 ! play] to :om x is dealt may dem& a new deal1 provid$ he has n t\*$ any ( 8 c>ds4 ,if ! deal /&s1 ! expos$ c>d _c be call$4 #ab4 ,any "o deal+ out ( turn may be /opp$ be=e ! la/ c>d is dealt4 ,aft] t ! deal mu/ /&1 & ! packs1 if *ang$1 mu/ s rema94 #ac4 ,x is a misdeal3 ,if ! deal] omits to h ! pack cut1 & ! error is discov]$ be=e ! la/ c>d is dealt2 or if he deals a c>d incorrectly1 & fails to rem$y x be=e deal+ ano!r2 or if he c\nts ! c>ds on ! table1 or ^? rema9+ 9 ! pack2 or if x is discov]$ be=e all h play$ to ! fir/ trick t any play] has n 8 prop] numb] ( c>ds1 ! pack be+ p]fect4 #ad4 ,a misdeal loses ! deal unless "o ( ! o!r play]s has t\*$ 8 c>ds1 or 9 any way int]rupt$ ! deal]4 #ae4 ,if1 aft] ! fir/ trick is play$ to1 any two play]s are f\nd to h m or less ?an _! correct numb] ( c>ds1 ! pack be+ p]fect1 ! "o hav+ less %all draw f ! h& ( ! "o hav+ m1 & ea* %all pay a =feit ( five c\nt]s into ! pool4 #af4 ,if a play] omits to play to any trick1 & plays to ! foll[+ "o1 he %all n be all[$ to correct ! error2 b %all be compell$ to take 9 ! la/ trick1 ) :atev] he>ts x may conta94 #ag4 ,%\ld a play] be f\nd dur+ or at ! end ( a h& to be a c>d %ort1 all ! o!rs hav+ ! "r numb]1 & all hav+ play$ to ! fir/ trick1 he %all be compell$ to take 9 ! la/ trick4 #ah4 ,if a play] leads or plays two c>ds to a trick1 he mu/ indicate ! "o int5d$1 & leave ! o!r face up on ! table4 ,any c>d expos$1 except 9 ! prop] c\rse ( play1 or any c>d nam$ by ! play] hold+ x1 mu/ be left face up on ! table4 #ai4 ,a play] mu/ lead or play any expos$ c>d :5 call$ ^u to d s by any o!r play]1 provid$ he c d s )\t revok+4 ,he _c be prev5t$ f play+ an expos$ c>d1 & if he c s get rid ( x1 no p5alty rema9s4 #bj4 ,if a play] leads out ( turn1 a suit may be call$ f him :5 x is next 8 prop] turn to lead4 ,?is p5alty c be en=c$ only by ! play] on 8 "r4 ,if he has none ( ! suit call$1 or if all h play$ to ! false lead1 no p5alty c be en=c$4 ,if all h n play$ to ! false lead1 ! c>ds c be tak5 back1 & are n expos$ c>ds4 #ba4 ,if ! ?ird h& plays be=e ! second1 ! f\r? h& may dem& t ! c>d be tak5 back1 & may call ^u ! ?ird h& to play ! highe/ c>d he has ( ! suit2 or may call ^u him n to disc>d he>ts4 ,if ! f\r? plays be=e ! ?ird1 ! second play] may dem& ! p5alty4 #bb4 ,! fir/ play] to any trick hav+ l$1 ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c4 ,%\ld a play] revoke1 & discov] ! error be=e ! trick 9 :i* x occurs has be5 turn$ & quitt$1 he may am5d 8 play1 & ! c>d play$ 9 error becomes an expos$ c>d4 ,any :o h play$ aft] him may )draw _! c>ds & sub/itute o!rs1 ! c>ds fir/ play$ n be+ expos$4 #bc4 ,if ! revoke is discov]$ dur+ ! play ( ! h&1 ! h& mu/ be play$ out1 & at ! end ! revok+ play] mu/ pay all losses 9 t h&4 ,%\ld ! revok+ play] w9 ! pool himself1 he mu/ pay to ! pool ?irte5 c\nt]s & leave !m = a ,jack4 ,%\ld he divide x1 he mu/ pay ! o!r w9n] six c\nt]s1 & leave up sev5 = a ,jack4 #bd4 ,%\ld two or m play]s revoke 9 ! same h&1 ea* mu/ pay ! entire losses 9 ! h&1 z if he 7 alone 9 error2 s t if two %\ld revoke1 & a ?ird w9 ! pool1 he w\ld receive tw5ty-six c\nt]s1 in/ead ( ?irte54 ,9 ,auction ,he>ts ! revok+ play] mu/ pay ! am\nt ( ! bid 9 addition4 #be4 ,! claimant ( a revoke may se>* all ! tricks at ! end ( a h&4 ,! revoke is e/abli%$ if ! accus$ play] mixes ! c>ds be=e ! claimants h "t to exam9e !m4 #bf4 ,a revoke mu/ be claim$ be=e ! tricks h be5 mix$1 prep>atory to %uffl+ = ! next deal4 #bg4 ,if a play] is lawfully call$ ^u to lead a c]ta9 suit1 or to play ! highe/ ( x1 & unnecess>ily fails to comply1 he is liable to ! p5alties = a revoke4 #bh4 ,any trick once turn$ & quitt$ mu/ n aga9 be se5 until ! h& is play$4 ,any play] violat+ ?is rule is subject to ! same p5alties z = a lead out ( turn4 #bi4 ,9 settl+ at ! end ( ! h&1 ! play] hav+ tak5 no he>ts1 ea* ( ! o!rs hav+ tak5 at lea/ "o1 w9s ! pool4 ,two play]s hav+ tak5 none1 ! o!r two hav+ ea* at lea/ "o1 divide x1 ! odd c\nt] rema9+ until ! next pool4 ,?ree play]s hav+ tak5 none1 ! ?irte5 c\nt]s rema9 9 ! pool1 =m+ a ,jack1 :i* c be won only by "o play] tak+ no he>ts1 ea* ( ! o!rs hav+ tak5 at lea/ "o4 ,dur+ ! "t ! ,jack is play$ =1 & until x is won1 ea* play] mu/ add to ! pool by pay+ = ! he>ts he takes 9 ea* h&4 #cj4 ,9 ,auction ,he>ts1 ! play] to ! left ( ! deal] has ! fir/ bid1 ! deal] ! la/1 & !re is no second bid4 ,,! ,b,,zique ,,family4 ,?is family includes ?ree ( our mo/ popul> games2 ,bzique itself1 ,b9ocle1 & ,sixty-,six4 ,^! are all comp>atively mod]n games1 b are desc5d$ f v old /ock1 ! be/ kn[n ( ! ance/ors be+ ,m>riage1 ,matrimony1 & ,c9q-,c5ts4 ,! etymology ( ! ^w ,bzique is v mu* disput$4 ,"s claim t x is f ! ,spani% basa1 aft]w>ds basico1 a little kiss2 ref]r+ to ! union ( ! spade ,que5 & ! diamond ,jack1 & ! v>i\s m>riages 9 ! game4 ,?is 0 aft]w>ds ,basique1 trans=m$ by ! ,fr5* to ,bsique1 & by ! ,engli% to ,bzique4 ,"o ,engli% writ] ?9ks ! ^w is f bsaigne1 ! d\ble-head$ axe4 ,judg+ f ! rank ( ! c>ds1 :i* is peculi> to ,g]man games1 ,bzique may h orig9at$ 9 an attempt to play ,b9ocle ) a piquet pack1 = ,b9ocle seems to h be5 orig9ally play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds4 ,"o ,g]man writ] says ! game is ( ,swiss orig91 & t !y probably got x f ,spa94 ,9 "o writ]'s op9ion1 ! "n ,b9ocle1 is d]iv$ f bis1 until1 & kno*le1 ! knuckle1 :i* w\ld imply t ! orig9al mean+ 01 until "s "o knuckl$2 i4e41 /opp$ ! game by knock+ on ! table ) 8 knuckles4 ,?is int]pretation seems f>-fet*$1 b if correct1 x w\ld su/a9 ! op9ion t ,b9ocle 0 d]iv$ f ! old game ( ,c9q-,c5ts1 9 :i* ! play] knock$ ) 8 knuckles to ann\nce t he _h made en\gh po9ts to w9 ! game4 ,9 ! op9ion ( ! au?or1 ! ^w 8b9ocle0 is a ,g]man mispronunciation ( ! ,fr5* ^w 8b9age10 :i* 0 ! t]m us$ 9 ,c9q ,c5ts = ! comb9ation ( spade ,que5 & diamond ,jack1 z w be se5 if ! description ( ,c9q ,c5ts is ref]r$ to4 ,/opp+ ! play is a prom95t feature 9 ,sixty-,six1 ano!r v>iation ( ,bzique1 & ! connect+ l9k betwe5 ,b9ocle & ,skat4 ,9 ,sixty-,six1 ! comb9ation kn[n z ,bzique1 or b9ocle1 is omitt$2 s is ! sequ5ce 9 trumps4 ,sixty-f\r-c>d ,b9ocle is simply ,bzique1 ) a slight diff]5ce 9 ! c\nt+ value ( ! v>i\s comb9ations4 ,sometimes twelve c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]4 ,great confusion seems to h exi/$ :5 ! game ( ,bzique 0 introduc$ to ,engl&1 9 ! w9t] ( #ahfh-i1 ow+ to ! fact t s _m p]sons ru%$ into pr9t ) _! own private op9ions ( ! rules1 :i* 7 fir/ giv5 by ,dr4 ,pole1 9 #ahfa4 ,no "o knew :e!r 8! la/ trick0 0 ! absolute la/1 or ! la/ be=e ! /ock 0 exhau/$4 ,:e!r ! highe/ or l[e/ cut dealt 0 also a matt] ( dispute4 8,cav5di%0 got bo? ^! wrong 9 ! fir/ edition ( 8 8,pocket ,guide10 b correct$ himself )\t explanation or apology 9 ! second edition4 ,x 0 !n ! cu/om ( _m play]s to atta* no value to ! trump suit until ! /ock 0 exhau/$2 s t until ! la/ eight tricks !re 0 no su* ?+ z trump+ a trick 9 ord] to w9 x4 ,disputes also arose z to c\nt+ d\ble comb9ations1 _m cont5d+ t a d\ble m>riage %\ld be z valuable z a d\ble bzique4 ,"t & exp]i5ce h f9ally settl$ all ^! po9ts1 & ! rules ( ! game are n[ practically uni=m 9 all c\ntries4 ,b,,zique1 ,,or ,,sixty-,,f\r-,,c>d ,,b9ocle4 ,!re are two =ms ( ,bzique 9 common use2 ! ord9>y game1 :i* w be fir/ describ$1 & ! v>iation kn[n z ,rubicon ,bzique1 :i* is to ,bzique prop] :at ,railroad ,eu*re is to ,eu*re4 ,,c>ds4 ,bzique is play$ ) two packs ( ?irty-two c>ds ea*1 all bel[ ! ,sev5 be+ delet$1 & ! two packs be+ !n %uffl$ toge!r & us$ z "o4 ,x is bett] to h bo? packs ( ! same col\r & patt]n1 b x is n absolutely necess>y4 ,! c>ds rank1 ,a #aj ,k ,q ,j #i #h #g2 ! ,ace be+ ! highe/1 bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pull-,,up ,b,,zique ,,m>k]4 ,,c\nt]s4 ,special m>k]s are made = scor+ at ,bzique2 b ! score may easily be kept by means ( c\nt]s4 ,ea* play] %\ld be provid$ ) f\r :ite1 f\r blue1 & "o r$1 toge!r ) "s special m>k]1 su* z a copp] c5t or a button4 ,! button /&s = #ejj po9ts1 ea* blue c\nt] = #ajj1 ! r$ = #ej1 & ! :ite ones = #aj ea*4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! game ! c\nt]s are plac$ on ! left ( ! play]1 & are pass$ f left to "r z ! po9ts accrue1 ex*ang+ small] d5om9ations = high] :5 necess>y4 ,_m p]sons f9d x m conv5i5t to peg ! game on a pull-up cribbage bo>d1 />t+ at #ba1 c\nt+ ea* peg z #aj po9ts1 & go+ twice r\nd to ! game hole4 ,,/akes4 ,bzique is play$ = s mu* a game1 #a1jjj po9ts up2 or = s mu* a po9t1 ! score ( ! los] be+ d$uct$ f t ( ! w9n]4 ,:5 a p>tie ( five games is agre$ ^u1 x is usual to h an extra /ake ^u ! odd game1 & :5 ?ree games h be5 won by ! same play]1 ! p>tie is at an end4 ,x is usual to c\nt x a d\ble game if ! los] has n rea*$ #ejj po9ts4 ,,play]s4 ,bzique is play$ by two p]sons1 "o ( :om is kn[n z ! deal]1 & ! o!r z ! pone4 ,!y cut = *oice ( seats & deal1 ! play] cutt+ ! highe/ c>d hav+ ! fir/ *oice1 & elect+ :e!r or n to deal himself4 ,9 cutt+1 ! c>ds rank z 9 play1 & ! ace is ! highe/4 ,if a play] exposes m ?an "o c>d1 he mu/ cut aga94 ,,deal+4 ,! c>ds are ?or\ghly %uffl$1 & pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut4 ,at lea/ five c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,! c>ds are !n dealt ?ree at a "t = ! fir/ r\nd1 two = ! next1 & ?ree = ! la/1 ea* play] receiv+ eight c>ds4 ,! sev5te5? is !n turn$ up = ! trump4 ,if ?is c>d is a ,sev51 ! deal] scores #aj po9ts = x at once4 ,! trump c>d is laid on ! table by itself1 ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 :i* is call$ ! /ock or talon1 is slightly spread1 to facilitate ! process ( draw+ c>ds f x1 & to be sure t none ( ! c>ds rema9+ 9 ! undealt portion are expos$4 ,9 sixty-f\r-c>d ,b9ocle twelve c>ds are sometimes dealt to ea* play]4 ,misdeal+4 ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal1 b 9 "s cases a new deal is at ! option ( ! adv]s>y4 ,if ! deal] exposes a c>d belong+ to ! adv]s>y or to ! /ock1 ! pone may dem& a new deal2 b if ei!r play] exposes any ( 8 own c>ds1 ! deal /&s good4 ,if too _m c>ds are giv5 to ei!r play]1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if too few1 ! pone may claim a fre% deal1 or all[ ! deal] to supply ! miss+ c>ds f ! top ( ! /ock1 )\t *ang+ ! trump c>d4 ,if any c>d b ! trump is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if a c>d fac$ 9 ! /ock is n discov]$ until ! fir/ trick has be5 play$ to1 ! expos$ c>d mu/ be turn$ face d[n1 )\t di/urb+ its position4 ,if a pack is f\nd to be imp]fect1 ! deal 9 :i* ! error is discov]$ is void1 b all previ\s cuts or scores made ) t pack /& good4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! pone beg9s by lead+ any c>d he *ooses1 to :i* 8 adv]s>y may play any c>d he pleases4 ,a play] is n oblig$ to foll[ suit1 nor to trump2 b may r5\nce or trump at pleasure until ! /ock is exhau/$1 aft] :i* ! me?od ( play und]goes a *ange4 ,if a play] foll[s suit1 ! high] c>d w9s ! trick1 & if id5tical c>ds are play$ to ! same trick1 su* z two ,jacks ( clubs1 ! lead] w9s4 ,trumps w9 pla9 suits4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick takes 9 ! c>ds1 turn+ !m face d[n2 b be=e he leads = ! next trick he has ! privilege ( ann\nc+ & scor+ any "o ( c]ta9 comb9ations t he may hold 9 8 h&4 ,aft]1 or 9 ! abs5ce ( any su* ann\ncem5t1 & be=e lead+ = ! next trick1 he draws a c>d f ! top ( ! /ock & places x 9 8 h&1 )\t %[+ or nam+ x4 ,8 adv]s>y draws ! next c>d1 s t ea* play] re/ores ! numb] ( c>ds 9 8 h& to eight4 ,?is me?od ( draw+ f ! /ock is op5 to _m objections1 & 9 ,france ! pone always draws fir/1 no matt] :o w9s ! trick4 ,all comb9ations ann\nc$ & scor$ mu/ be laid face upw>d on ! table2 b ! c>ds /ill =m "p ( ! play]'s h&1 & may be l$ or play$ at any "t1 al?\gh !y mu/ n aga9 be tak5 9 h& until ! /ock is exhau/$4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! reasons = w9n+ or n w9n+ c]ta9 tricks w be bett] und]/ood 9 connection ) ! description ( ! v>i\s comb9ations t c\nt t[>d game1 & ! mann] ( scor+ !m4 ,brisques4 ,! aces & ,t5s ( ea* suit are call$ brisques1 & c\nt t5 po9ts ea* t[>ds game4 ,except = ! purpose ( gett+ or keep+ ! lead1 !re is no object 9 w9n+ any trick :i* does n conta9 a brisque4 ,e brisque tak5 9 %\ld be scor$ at once by ! play] w9n+ ! trick2 #aj po9ts = an ace or ,t52 #bj po9ts if !re are two su* c>ds 9 ! same trick4 ,a play] hold+ or draw+ ! ,sev5 ( trumps has ! privilege ( ex*ang+ x = ! turn-up trump1 & scor+ #aj po9ts at ! same "t2 b he mu/ make ! ex*ange imm$iately aft] w9n+ a trick1 & be=e draw+ 8 c>d f ! /ock4 ,%\ld ! turn-up c>d be a ,sev51 or "o ex*ange h already be5 made1 ! ex*ange c /ill be made & scor$4 ,he _c score ! ,sev5 & make a decl>ation at ! same "t4 ,,decl>ations4 ,! comb9ations :i* may be ann\nc$ & scor$ dur+ ! play ( ! h& are divid$ into ?ree classes3 ,m>riages & ,sequ5ces2 ,bziques2 & ,f\rs ( a k9d4 ,only "o comb9ation c be scor$ at a "t1 & x mu/ be ann\nc$ imm$iately aft] ! play] hold+ x has won a trick1 & be=e he draws 8 c>d f ! talon4 ,if he draws )\t ann\nc+1 x is equival5t to say+ he has no decl>ation to make4 ,hav+ drawn 8 c>d1 ev5 if he has n look$ at x1 he _c score any decl>ation until he w9s ano!r trick4 ,! comb9ations & _! values are z foll[s3-- ,,class ,a ,k+ & ,que5 ( any pla9 suit1 ,m>riage #bj ,k+ & ,que5 ( trumps1 ,royal ,m>riage #dj ,sequ5ce ( five highe/ trumps1 ,sequ5ce #bej ,,class ,b4 ,spade ,que5 & diamond ,jack1 ,bzique #dj ,two spade ,que5s & diamond ,jacks1 ,d\ble ,bzique #ejj ,,class ,c4 ,any f\r ,aces #ajj ,any f\r ,k+s #hj ,any f\r ,que5s #fj ,any f\r ,jacks #dj ,! f\r c\rt c>ds 9 class ,c may be all ( diff]5t suits1 or any two ( !m may be ( ! same suit4 ,a great _m misund]/&+s arise ) respect to ! mann] & ord] ( mak+ decl>ations1 mo/ ( :i* may be avoid$ by rememb]+ ! foll[+ rules3 ,! play] mak+ ! decl>ation mu/ h won ! previ\s trick1 & mu/ make 8 ann\ncem5t be=e draw+ 8 c>d f ! /ock4 ,:5 ! /ock is exhau/$1 s t !re is no c>d to be drawn1 no ann\ncem5t c be made4 ,only "o decl>ation c be scor$ at a "t1 s t a trick mu/ be won = e ann\ncem5t made1 or ! comb9ation _c be scor$4 ,?is does n prev5t a play] f mak+ two or m ann\ncem5ts at ! same "t1 b he c score only "o ( !m4 ,a play] _c make a l[] decl>ation ) c>ds :i* =m "p ( a high] "o already made 9 ! same class4 ,= in/ance3 ,m>riages & sequ5ces belong to ! same class4 ,if ! sequ5ce has be5 decl>$1 a play] _c take f x ! ,k+ & ,que5 & score a m>riage2 nei!r c he add a new ,que5 to ! ,k+ already 9 ! sequ5ce1 & ann\nce a m>riage2 because ! high] comb9ation 0 scor$ fir/4 ,b if ! m>riage is fir/ ann\nc$1 ! ,a #aj ,j may be add$ & ! sequ5ce scor$1 aft] w9n+ ano!r trick4 ,c>ds once us$ 9 comb9ation _c aga9 be us$ 9 comb9ations ( equal value ( ! same class4 ,= in/ance3 ,f\r ,k+s h be5 decl>$1 & "o ( !m aft]w>d us$ 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,! play] _c add a new ,k+ to ! ?ree rema9+1 & ann\nce f\r ,k+s aga94 ,a m>riage 9 spades has be5 decl>$1 & ! ,k+ got rid ( 9 play4 ,a new ,k+ ( spades w n make ano!r m>riage ) ! old ,que54 ,a bzique has be5 scor$1 & ! ,jack got rid ( 9 play2 a new ,jack ( diamonds w n make ano!r bzique ) ! old ,que54 ,"s judgm5t is necess>y 9 mak+ ann\ncem5ts1 ! "q ( "t be+ (t5 important4 ,suppose he>ts are trumps1 & ! w9n] ( ! trick holds d\ble bzique1 sixty ,que5s1 & a royal m>riage3-- ,illu/ration3 ,he _c lay all ^! c>ds d[n at once1 & claim #fjj po9ts4 ,nei!r c he lay d[n f\r ,que5s & two ,jacks1 & score #efj2 nor f\r ,que5s & a ,k+ & score #ajj4 ,he may ann\nce !m if he *ooses to expose 8 h& 9 t mann]1 b he c score only "o comb9ation1 & mu/ w9 a sep>ate trick to score ea* ( ! o!rs4 ,x w\ld be bett] = him to select "s "o ( ! comb9ations1 & decl>e x1 wait+ until he won ano!r trick to decl>e ! next "o4 ,a beg9n] w\ld be apt to decl>e ! highe/ c\nt fir/1 #ejj = ! d\ble bzique2 b "u ! rule :i* prev5ts a play] f mak+ a decl>ation :i* =ms "p ( a high] "o ( ! same class already made1 he w\ld lose ! #dj po9ts = ! s+le bzique4 ,x w\ld be bett] to decl>e ! s+le bzique fir/1 scor+ #dj po9ts = x1 & aft] w9n+ ano!r trick to %[ ! o!r bzique1 scor+ #ejj po9ts m = ! d\ble comb9ation4 ,a play] is n all[$ to score #dj = ! second bzique1 & !n #ejj = ! two comb9$2 because if new ann\ncem5ts are made 9 ! same class1 at lea/ "o new c>d mu/ be add$ f ! play]'s h& :5 ! ann\ncem5t is made1 ev5 if x is n scor$ until lat]4 ,d\ble ,decl>ations4 ,x frequ5tly happ5s t a play] is =c$ to make two decl>ations at ! same "t1 al?\gh he c score only "o ( !m4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] has ann\nc$ & %[n f\r ,k+s1 "o ( !m be+ ! ,k+ ( spades4 ,on w9n+ ano!r trick he %[s & scores bzique4 ,"o ( ! bzique c>ds =ms a m>riage ) ! spade ,k+1 & z ! comb9ations belong to diff]5t classes1 bo? may be scor$1 al?\gh ! same c>d is us$ 9 ea*2 b ! play] _c score ! second comb9ation until he w9s ano!r trick4 ,"u su* circum/ances x is usual to decl>e bo? comb9ations1 scor+ ! m valuable1 & repeat+ ! "o left ov] until an opportunity arises to score x4 ,9 ?is case ! play] w\ld say3 8,=ty = bzique1 & tw5ty to score40 ,if he lo/ ! next trick he w\ld cont9ue to repeat at e trick3 8,tw5ty to score10 until he won a trick4 ,a play] hav+ a score 9 abeyance 9 ?is mann] is n oblig$ to score x if he has any?+ else to ann\nce4 ,a play] ) tw5ty to score might pick up ! sequ5ce 9 trumps be=e he won ano!r trick1 & he w\ld be v fooli% to lose ! *ance to score #bej = ! sake ( ! #bj already ann\nc$4 ,if he _h "t1 he w\ld probably decl>e3 8,royal ,m>riage1 =ty1 & tw5ty to score40 ,on w9n+ ano!r trick he w\ld add ! ,a #aj ,j ( trumps1 & ann\nce1 8,two-fifty 9 trumps1 & tw5ty to score10 /ill c>ry+ on ! small score = a future opportunity4 ,a play] may lay d[n & score eighty ,k+s1 & aft]w>d sixty ,que5s1 ! rema9+ ,k+s =m+ m>riages4 ,9 su* a case he w\ld score ! sixty po9ts fir/1 & decl>e ! two or ?ree m>riages rema9+4 ,9 ! same mann] he may h ann\nc$ f\r ,k+s1 & aft] play+ away two ( !m1 leav+ two ,k+s ( spades1 he may decl>e d\ble bzique1 & claim ! two m>riages 8to score40 ,9 all su* cases x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! c>ds decl>$ mu/ /ill be on ! table :5 ! "t comes to score !m4 ,if1 9 ! case j giv51 "o ( ! c>ds =m+ ei!r ( ! m>riages 0 got rid ( 9 ! c\rse ( play1 t m>riage c\ld n aft]w>d be scor$1 al?\gh x _h be5 prop]ly ann\nc$4 ,if ! /ock is exhau/$ be=e ! play] ) a score 9 abeyance c w9 ano!r trick1 ! score is lo/4 ,x is (t5 v important = a play] to "k h[ mu* "t he has to score4 ,:5 ! talon is spread x is comp>atively easy to judge h[ _m m tricks rema9 to be play$4 ,! ,engli% laws all[ a play] to c\nt ! /ock1 ! ,fr5* d n4 ,a trick once turn$ & quitt$ _c aga9 be se51 & ! play]s are n all[$ to c\nt ! numb] ( tricks !y h won4 ,! la/ c>d ( ! /ock is tak5 by ! play] w9n+ ! trick1 & ! turn-up trump goes to 8 adv]s>y4 ,! ,la/ ,eight ,tricks4 ,:5 ! /ock is exhau/$1 ! play]s take back into _! h&s all ! c>ds rema9+ ( ! comb9ations :i* h be5 laid on ! table4 ,! w9n] ( ! previ\s trick !n leads any c>d he pleases1 b 8 adv]s>y mu/ n[ n only foll[ suit1 b mu/ w9 ! trick if he c1 ei!r ) a sup]ior c>d ( ! same suit1 or ) a trump4 ,! same rule applies to all ! rema9+ tricks4 ,brisques /ill c\nt = ! w9n] ( ! trick conta9+ !m1 & %\ld be scor$ z soon z made4 ,! w9n] ( ! la/ trick ( all scores t5 po9ts = x imm$iately1 9 addition to any brisques t x may conta94 ,irregul>ities 9 ,play4 ,if a play] leads out ( turn1 & 8 adv]s>y plays to ! lead1 :e!r int5tionally or o!rwise1 ! trick /&s good4 ,if ! adv]s>y calls att5tion to ! error1 ! c>d l$ out ( turn may be tak5 back )\t p5alty4 ,if a play] has too _m c>ds aft] play+ to ! fir/ trick1 8 adv]s>y may ei!r claim a fre% deal or may compel him to play )\t draw+ f ! talon1 until ! numb] ( c>ds 9 8 h& is r$uc$ to eight2 ! play] ) too _m c>ds n be+ all[$ to make any ann\ncem5ts until he has 8 "r numb] ( c>ds4 ,if a play] has too few c>ds1 8 adv]s>y may ei!r claim a fre% deal1 or may all[ him to make good ! defici5cy by draw+ f ! /ock4 ,aft] ! /ock is exhau/$1 any play] fail+ to foll[ suit or to w9 a trick1 :5 able to d s1 may be compell$ to take back 8 c>ds to ! po9t :]e ! error occurr$1 & to replay ! h&4 ,9 ,france he is p5alis$ by c\nt+ no?+ f t po9t on1 ei!r = brisques or = ! la/ trick4 ,irregul>ities 9 ,draw+4 ,if a play] has =gott5 to take a c>d f ! talon1 & has play$ to ! next trick1 8 adv]s>y may elect to call ! deal void1 or to all[ him to draw two c>ds next "t4 ,if a play] has drawn two c>ds f ! /ock1 in/ead ( "o1 he mu/ %[ ! second "o to 8 adv]s>y if he has se5 x himself4 ,if he has n se5 x1 he may put x back )\t p5alty4 ,if he draws out ( turn1 he mu/ re/ore ! c>d improp]ly drawn2 & if x belongs to 8 adv]s>y ! play] 9 error mu/ %[ 8 own c>d4 ,if bo? play]s draw ! wrong c>ds !re is no rem$y4 ,if ! los] ( any trick draws & looks at two c>ds f ! /ock1 8 adv]s>y may look at bo? c>ds ( ! foll[+ draw1 & may select ei!r = himself4 ,if he *ooses ! second c>d1 he ne$ n %[ x4 ,if1 on acc\nt ( "s undetect$ irregul>ity1 an ev5 numb] ( c>ds rema9 9 ! /ock1 ! la/ c>d mu/ n be drawn4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick takes ! la/ b "o1 & ! los] takes ! trump c>d4 ,irregul> ,ann\ncem5ts4 ,%\ld a play] ann\nce f\r ( a k9d1 hav+ only ?ree2 z1 = in/ance1 lay+ d[n ?ree ,k+s & a ,jack1 & decl>+ f\r ,k+s1 8 adv]s>y c compel him n only to take d[n ! score errone\sly m>k$1 b to lead or play "o ( ! ?ree ,k+s4 ,a play] may be call$ ^u to lead or play c>ds f any o!r errone\s decl>ations 9 ! same mann]2 b if ! play] has ! "r c>d or c>ds 9 8 h&1 he is p]mitt$ to am5d 8 error1 provid$ he has n drawn a c>d f ! /ock 9 ! meantime4 ,,scor+4 ,x is bett] to score all po9ts z soon z !y are made4 ,! game is usually #ajjj po9ts4 ,"s play]s d n c\nt ! brisques until ! la/ trick has be5 play$1 b ! practice is n to be recomm5d$4 ,scores errone\sly m>k$ mu/ be tak5 d[n1 & ! adv]s>y may add ! po9ts to 8 own score4 ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play w be f\nd 9 ,b9ocle4 ,,f\r-,,h&$ ,b,,zique4 ,9 ?is v>iation1 f\r p]sons may play2 ea* = himself or two aga9/ two1 p>tn]s sitt+ opposite ea* o!r4 ,f\r packs ( ?irty-two c>ds ea* are %uffl$ toge!r & us$ z "o4 ,triple bzique c\nts #aejj4 ,:5 a play] w9s a trick1 ei!r he or 8 p>tn] may decl>e ev]y?+ 9 ! h&1 b only "o comb9ation c be scor$ at a "t4 ,! advantage ( %[+ all ! comb9ations 9 ! h& is t !y may be built up by ei!r p>tn]4 ,= in/ance3 ,"o p>tn] has decl>$ bzique & royal m>riage1 scor+ ! m>riage only4 ,8 p>tn] w9s ! next trick & adds ,a #aj ,j to ! m>riage1 scor+ ! sequ5ce2 or p]haps %[s ?ree ,k+s or ,que5s1 mak+ f\rs4 ,! play]s usually divide aft] ! /ock is exhau/$1 & = ! la/ eight tricks ea* takes "o ( 8 =m] adv]s>ies = a p>tn]1 b )\t *ang+ seats4 ,! game is usually #bjjj po9ts up4 ,,?ree-,,h&$ ,b,,zique4 ,?ree p]sons play1 ea* = himself4 ,two packs ( ?irty-two c>ds ea* & "o ( ?irty-"o c>ds are %uffl$ toge!r4 ,triple bzique c\nts #aejj1 & ! game is usually #bjjj po9ts4 ,! delet$ c>d f ! ?ird pack %\ld be an ,eight4 ,,poli% ,b,,zique4 ,?is diff]s f ! ord9>y game only 9 ! value ( ! tricks tak54 ,! w9n] ( ea* trick1 in/ead ( turn+ x d[n aft] c\nt+ ! brisques1 takes f x any c\rt c>ds x may conta91 & ! ,t5 ( trumps4 ,he lays ^! c>ds face up on ! table1 b ap>t f ^? decl>$ f 8 own h&1 & uses !m to =m comb9ations1 :i* may be scor$ 9 ! usual way4 ,! *ief diff]5ce is t c>ds s tak5 9 tricks _c be l$ or play$ to subsequ5t tricks1 nor c !y be tak5 9 h& at ! end ( ! /ock4 ,comb9ations may be complet$ ei!r by c>ds 9 ! play]'s h&1 or by c>ds won 9 subsequ5t tricks4 ,,c9q-,,c5ts4 ,?is might be describ$ z ,bzique ) "o pack ( c>ds4 ,all ! regulations are ! same z 9 ! mod]n =m ( ,bzique1 b !re is an additional c\nt1 #abj1 = a sequ5ce ( ! five highe/ c>ds 9 any pla9 suit4 ,bzique is call$ ,b9age1 & ( c\rse !re are no d\ble comb9ations4 ,c>ds :i* h be5 us$ 9 "o comb9ation _c be us$ 9 any o!r1 ev5 ( a diff]5t class4 ,brisques are n scor$ z !y are won2 b aft] ! h& is ov]1 & t5 po9ts h be5 c\nt$ = ! la/ trick1 ea* play] turns ov] 8 c>ds & c\nts up ! value ( ! po9ts !y conta94 ,9 ?is f9al c\nt1 ! ,ace reckons = #aa1 ! ,t5 = #aj1 ,k+ = #d1 ,que5 = #c1 ,jack = #b1 no matt] :at ! suit may be1 s t !re are #abj po9ts to be divid$ betwe5 ! play]s4 ,x is usual = only "o to c\nt1 ! o!r tak+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 8 total & #abj4 ,f ?is x might be imag9$ t no notice 0 tak5 ( ! c\nt+ value ( ! c>ds tak5 9 dur+ ! progress ( ! play4 ,e>ly 9 ! game ?is is true1 b t[>d ! end ea* play] mu/ keep v c>eful m5tal c\nt ( ! value ( 8 tricks1 al?\gh he is n all[$ to score !m4 ,:5 ei!r play] kn[s1 by add+ ! m5tal c\nt ( 8 tricks to 8 scor$ decl>ations1 t he has made po9ts en\gh to w9 ! game1 he /ops ! play by knock+ on ! table1 ei!r ) 8 knuckles or 8 c>ds4 ,he !n turns ov] 8 tricks & c\nts ! po9ts !y conta9 to %[ 8 adv]s>y t he has won ! game4 ,ev5 if 8 adv]s>y has also en\gh po9ts to g out1 ! play] :o knock$ w9s ! game1 provid$ 8 c\nt is correct4 ,if ! play] :o knocks is mi/ak51 & _c c\nt out1 he loses1 no matt] :at 8 adv]s>y may h4 ,if nei!r knocks1 & at ! end ( ! h& bo? play]s are f\nd to h po9ts en\gh to put !m out1 nei!r w9s ! game1 :i* mu/ be cont9u$ = #ajj po9ts m2 t is1 z #ejj po9ts is ! usual game1 x mu/ be made #fjj 9 su* a case4 ,%\ld bo? rea* #fjj )\t knock+1 x mu/ be cont9u$ to #gjj4 ,if nei!r knocks1 & only "o has en\gh po9ts to g out he w9s ! game on its m]its4 ,z ! "n implies1 #ejj po9ts is game4 ,,p5*ant4 ,p5*ant is a complicat$ =m ( ,c9q-c5ts & ,bzique1 play$ ) a s+le pack ( ?irty-two c>ds1 :i* rank z at ,piquet2 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g1 ! ace be+ highe/ bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,cutt+4 ,! high] cut has ! *oice ( seats1 & ! l[] cut deals ! fir/ h&4 ,deal+4 ,aft] ! c>ds h be5 cut by ! pone ! deal] gives "o c>d to 8 adv]s>y1 !n "o to ! /ock1 & !n "o to himself1 all face d[n4 ,two m are !n giv5 to ! /ock1 "o to ! pone1 two to ! /ock aga91 & "o to ! deal]4 ,?is is cont9u$1 giv+ two c>ds to ! /ock betwe5 ! ones giv5 to ea* play]1 until ! la/ r\nd1 :5 only "o c>d is dealt to ! /ock4 ,?is w result 9 ea* play] receiv+ six c>ds1 & tw5ty be+ left 9 ! c5tre ( ! table = ! talon4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,v few play]s tr\ble !mselves ) ?is me?od ( deal+1 pref]r+ to deal ?ree c>ds to ea* play] alt]nately1 leav+ ! rema9+ tw5ty = ! /ock4 ,play+4 ,all ! regulations = lead+1 foll[+ suit1 draw+ f ! talon1 etc41 are ! same z 9 ,bzique1 b ! decl>ations & _! values are q diff]5t4 ,brisques4 ,!re are twelve brisque c>ds1 ! ,sev5 ( ea* suit be+ add$ to ! usual ,aces & ,t5s4 ,! brisques are n scor$ z tak5 91 except 9 ! la/ six tricks4 ,at ! end ( ! h& all ! brisques are c\nt$1 :e!r already scor$ 9 ! la/ six tricks or n1 & ! play] hav+ m ?an six c\nts t5 po9ts = ea* above six4 ,if ea* has six1 nei!r scores4 ,by ?is me?od1 a play] may make & score sev]al brisques 9 ! la/ six tricks1 all ( :i* he w reckon ov] aga9 9 ! total c\nt at ! end4 ,decl>ations4 ,! w9n] ( any trick1 previ\s to ! exhau/ion ( ! /ock1 may ann\nce & lay ^u ! table any "o ( t5 diff]5t comb9ations1 :i* are divid$ into ?ree classes4 ,^! are z foll[s1 ) ! numb] ( po9ts he is entitl$ to score = ea*3 ,,class ,a4 ,,diff]5t ,,suits4 ,any f\r ( a k9d1 su* z f\r ,t5s1 #ajj ,any ?ree ( a k9d1 su* z ?ree ,que5s1 #cj ,any pair1 su* z two ,n9es1 #bj ,,class ,b4 ,,! ,,same ,,suit4 ,any sequ5ce ( five1 conta9+ ,k ,q ,j1 #bej ,any sequ5ce ( f\r1 conta9+ ,k ,q ,j1 #dj ,any sequ5ce ( ,k ,q ,j1 #cj ,k+ & ,que5 ( any suit1 #bj ,que5 & ,jack ( any suit1 #bj ,any flu% ( five c>ds1 conta9+ ,k ,q ,j1 #ej ,,class ,c4 ,,p5*ants4 ,any ,que5 & ,jack ( diff]5t suits1 #aj ,! sequ5ces & flu%es 9 class ,b mu/ all be ( ! same suit2 p5*ant c>ds mu/ be ( diff]5t suits4 ,if ! w9n] ( any trick has no decl>ation to make1 he signifies x by draw+ ! top c>d f ! /ock4 ,8 adv]s>y1 be=e draw+ 8 c>d f ! /ock1 may !n decl>e a p5*ant1 if he has "o2 b no o!r comb9ation c be decl>$ by ! play] :o does n w9 ! trick4 ,if ! w9n] ( ! trick makes any decl>ation1 ! los] _c decl>e4 ,! ,jack ( ! fir/ p5*ant decl>$ makes ! trump suit = t deal1 no matt] :i* play] ann\nces x4 ,trumps d n increase ! value ( any comb9ation1 & are only useful to w9 pla9-suit tricks4 ,all decl>ations are scor$ imm$iately1 ei!r on a m>k] or ) c\nt]s4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ) ! exception ( sequ5ces ( five c>ds1 f\rs1 & p5*ants1 ! c\nt is t5 po9ts = ea* c>d 9 ! comb9ation4 ,only "o decl>ation c be made at a "t4 ,any c>d laid ^u ! table = "o decl>ation c be us$ aga9 9 future decl>ations1 provid$ ! play] mak+ ! new ann\ncem5t adds at lea/ "o fre% c>d f 8 h&4 ,a play] hav+ a m>riage & a p5*ant on ! table _c aft]w>d score = ! pair ( ,que5s2 b if he adds a ,que5 f 8 h& he c score ! triplet4 ,pairs1 triplets & f\rs are divid$ into two classes1 ! major be+ =m$ ( c\rt c>ds2 ! m9or ( c>ds bel[ ! ,jack4 ,m9or comb9ations _c be scor$ if ! adv]s>y has ^u ! table c>ds :i* =m a major comb9ation ( ! same or great] value 9 ! same class2 t is1 9 class ,a4 ,= in/ance3 ,if y\r adv]s>y has two ,que5s on ! table1 y _c ann\nce any pair bel[ ,jacks4 ,8 ,que5s ne$ n h be5 ann\nc$ z a pair2 !y may be p>ts ( a m>riage & a p5*ant4 ,b if y h on ! table a pair z good z 81 y c score m9or pairs4 ,= in/ance3 ,he has two ,k+s on ! table1 & y h two ,aces4 ,y\r ,aces cancel 8 ,k+s1 & y c score any m9or pair2 b he c n4 ,if y h a m9or triplet to decl>e1 su* z ?ree ,eights1 no major pair ( 8 w b> x1 because y\r triplet c\nts m ?an 8 pair4 ,no m9or comb9ation on 8 side w b> y2 x mu/ be "o ( c\rt c>ds1 & x mu/ be bett] ?an any t y h laid on ! table y\rself4 ,! ,la/ ,six ,tricks4 ,aft] ! /ock is exhau/$1 ! second play] mu/ foll[ suit if able1 & mu/ w9 ! trick if he c4 ,z already expla9$1 brisques won 9 ! la/ six tricks are scor$ z !y are tak5 91 & aft] ! la/ c>d is play$ all ! brisques are re-c\nt$1 ! play] hold+ m ?an six scor+ t5 po9ts = ea* above t numb]4 ,!re is no score = w9n+ ! la/ trick4 ,f\r deals is a game4 ,at ! end ( ! f\r? deal ! l[] score is d$uct$ f ! high]1 & ! diff]5ce is ! value ( ! game 9 po9ts4 ,if ! less] score is n at lea/ #djj po9ts1 ! w9n] d\bles ! diff]5ce 9 8 fav\r4 ,! only text-book on ?is game introduces a great _m te*nical t]ms :i* h no mean+ to ! ord9>y c>d-play]1 & :i* h !re=e be5 omitt$ f ?is description4 ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play w be f\nd 9 ,b9ocle4 ,,rubicon ,b,,zique4 ,rubicon ,bzique be>s ! same relation to ! ord9>y game t ,railroad ,eu*re does to ,eu*re prop]4 ,9 fact ! game might well be call$ ,railroad ,bzique1 = its *ief peculi>ity is ! rapid accumulation ( l>ge scores4 ,! game seems to h orig9at$ 9 ,france1 b is n[ v popul> :]ev] ,bzique is play$4 ,,c>ds4 ,rubicon ,bzique is play$ ) f\r piquet packs ( ?irty-two c>ds ea*2 all bel[ ! ,sev5s be+ delet$ f an ord9>y pack4 ,! f\r packs1 :i* %\ld be ( ! same patt]n & col\r1 are %uffl$ toge!r & us$ z "o4 ,! c>ds rank3 ,a #aj ,k ,q ,j #i #h #g1 ! ace be+ ! highe/1 bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,,m>k]s4 ,! game may be kept on a bzique m>k]1 a pull-up cribbage bo>d1 or ) c\nt]s4 ,m>k]s mu/ be made to score at lea/ #ejjj po9ts4 ,:5 a cribbage bo>d is us$1 x is usual to c\nt ! outside r[ ( pegs z #aj ea*1 ! inn] r[ z #ajj ea*1 & ! game pegs 9 ! c5tre z #ajjj ea*4 ,if c\nt]s are us$1 !re mu/ be = ea* play]2 f\r :ite1 to m>k #aj's2 "o r$ to m>k #ej2 n9e blue to m>k #ajj's2 & f\r copp]s to m>k #ajjj ea*4 ,^! c\nt]s are mov$ f left to "r ( ! play] z ! po9ts accrue4 ,9 :atev] mann] ! c\nt is kept1 x %\ld be di/9ctly visible to bo? p]sons1 z play+ to ! score is v important4 ,,/akes4 ,rubicon ,bzique is play$ = s mu* a hundr$ po9ts1 & 9 settl+ up1 all fractions ( a hundr$ are disreg>d$1 unless !y are necess>y to decide ! game4 ,t5 c5ts a hundr$ is ! usual /ake2 sixp5ce 9 ,engl&4 ,games are seldom wor? less ?an "o or two ?\s& po9ts4 ,,play]s4 ,rubicon ,bzique is play$ by two p]sons1 "o ( :om is kn[n z ! deal]1 & ! o!r z ! pone4 ,!y cut = seats & deal1 ! play] cutt+ ! high] c>d hav+ fir/ *oice1 & elect+ :e!r or n to deal himself4 ,9 cutt+1 ! c>ds rank z 9 play1 ! ace be+ ! highe/4 ,if a play] exposes m ?an "o c>d1 he mu/ cut aga94 ,,deal+4 ,! c>ds are ?or\ghly %uffl$1 & pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut4 ,at lea/ five c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,! deal] !n di/ributes ! c>ds ?ree at a "t1 fir/ to 8 adv]s>y & !n to himself1 = ?ree r\nds1 s t ea* play] receives n9e c>ds4 ,no trump is turn$2 b ! fir/ m>riage decl>$ & scor$ is ! trump suit = t deal4 ,! undealt portion ( ! pack1 call$ ! /ock or talon1 is slightly spread betwe5 ! two play]s1 & a little to ! left ( ! deal]4 ,if 9 spread+ ! /ock any c>d is f\nd to be expos$1 !re mu/ be a new deal by ! same deal]4 ,misdeal+4 ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal1 b 9 "s cases a new deal is at ! option ( ! pone4 ,if ! deal] exposes a c>d belong+ to 8 adv]s>y or to ! /ock1 ! pone may dem& a new deal2 b if ei!r play] exposes any ( 8 own c>ds1 ! deal /&s good4 ,if too _m c>ds are giv5 to ei!r play]1 & ! error is discov]$ be=e ! deal] plays to ! fir/ trick1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if ei!r play] has too few c>ds1 ! pone may dem& a new deal1 or may all[ ! deal] to supply ! defici5cy f ! top ( ! /ock4 ,if any c>d is f\nd expos$ 9 ! pack1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if any c>d fac$ 9 ! /ock is n discov]$ until ! fir/ trick has be5 play$ to by ! deal]1 ! expos$ c>d mu/ be turn$ face d[n1 )\t di/urb+ its position4 ,if ! pack is f\nd to be imp]fect1 ! deal 9 :i* x is discov]$ is void2 b all previ\s scores or cuts made ) t pack /& good4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! pone takes up & exam9es 8 n9e c>ds4 ,if he f9ds himself )\t ,k+1 ,que5 or ,jack ( any suit1 he imm$iately %[s 8 h& to ! deal]1 & m>ks fifty po9ts = c>te blan*e4 ,:e!r he has c>te blan*e or n1 he beg9s ! play by lead+ any c>d he pleases4 ,if ! deal] has c>te blan*e1 he mu/ %[ & score x be=e play+ to ! fir/ trick4 ,play]s are n oblig$ to foll[ suit1 nor to trump2 b may r5\nce or trump at pleasure until ! /ock is exhau/$1 aft] :i* ! me?od ( play und]goes a *ange4 ,until ! fir/ m>riage is decl>$ & scor$ !re is no trump suit4 ,if ! second play] 9 any trick foll[s suit1 ! high] c>d w9s4 ,trumps w9 pla9 suits4 ,if id5tical c>ds are play$ to ! same trick1 su* z two club aces1 ! lead] w9s4 ,! tricks are left face upw>d on ! table until an ace or ,t5 is play$1 = tricks n conta9+ ei!r ( ^! c>ds are ( no value4 ,:5 an ace or ,t5 is play$1 ! w9n] ( ! trick ga!rs 9 all ! c>ds t h accumulat$1 & turns !m face d[n 9 front ( him4 ,^! c\nt+ c>ds are call$ brisques1 & if a play] neglects to ga!r ! brisques he w9s1 8 adv]s>y may d s :5 next he w9s a trick1 :e!r ! trick he w9s conta9s a brisque or n2 ! fact t !re is a brisque on ! table is suffici5t4 ,decl>+4 ,! w9n] ( any trick1 be=e lead+ = ! next trick1 has ! privilege ( ann\nc+ & scor+ any "o ( c]ta9 comb9ations t he may hold 9 8 h&4 ,aft]1 or 9 ! abs5ce ( any su* ann\ncem5t1 & be=e lead+ = ! next trick1 he draws "o c>d f ! top ( ! /ock1 & places x 9 8 h&1 )\t %[+ or nam+ x4 ,8 adv]s>y !n draws ! next c>d1 s t ea* re/ores ! numb] ( c>ds 9 8 h& to n9e4 ,?is me?od ( play+1 ann\nc+1 & draw+ is cont9u$ until ! /ock is exhau/$4 ,if a play] :o has already ann\nc$ c>te blan*e f9ds t ! fir/ c>d he draws f ! /ock is n a ,k+1 ,que5 or ,jack1 he %[s x to 8 adv]s>y1 & scores ano!r fifty po9ts = ano!r c>te blan*e4 ,?is may be cont9u$ until he draws "o ( ^? c>ds4 ,c>te blan*e _c be scor$ at all unless held be=e a c>d is play$2 t is1 x mu/ be dealt to ! play] orig9ally4 ,all comb9ations ann\nc$ & scor$ mu/ be left face upw>d on ! table1 b ! c>ds /ill =m "p ( ! play]'s h&1 & may be l$ or play$ at any "t1 al?\gh !y mu/ n aga9 be tak5 9 h& until ! /ock is exhau/$4 ,! fir/ m>riage ann\nc$ & scor$1 no matt] by :i* play]1 makes ! trump suit = t deal2 b a play] ) a m>riage on ! table is n oblig$ to ann\nce x if he does n wi% to make t suit ! trump4 ,irregul>ities 9 ,play4 ,if a play] leads out ( turn1 & 8 adv]s>y plays to ! lead1 :e!r int5tionally or o!rwise1 ! trick /&s good4 ,if ! adv]s>y calls att5tion to ! error1 ! c>d l$ out ( turn may be tak5 back )\t p5alty4 ,if1 aft] play+ to ! fir/ trick1 "o play] is f\nd to h m ?an 8 "r numb] ( c>ds1 ! ,engli% rules say t ! game is to be imm$iately ab&on$1 & ! adv]s>y ( ! play] 9 error is to add #acjj po9ts to 8 score at ! "t ! error is discov]$1 toge!r ) all ! po9ts already scor$ by ! play] 9 error2 b ! latt] am\nt mu/ n exce$ #ijj4 ,! same p5alties are en=c$ if "o play] has too _m c>ds & ! o!r too few2 b 9 ! latt] case ! h& is play$ out1 ! play] n 9 fault scor+ all he c4 ,if bo? play]s h m ?an _! "r numb] ( c>ds1 ! deal is void4 ,if ei!r has less ?an 8 prop] numb]1 8 adv]s>y hav+ ! "r numb]1 ! deal /&s good1 & !re is no p5alty except t ! play] ) ! "r numb] ( c>ds w9s & scores = ! la/ trick4 ,if bo? h less ?an ! "r numb]1 ! deal /&s good1 & ! actual w9n] ( ! la/ trick scores x4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ^! rules are q diff]5t f ! ,fr5* rules1 :i* h be5 giv5 9 connection ) ! ord9>y game ( ,bzique4 ,9 ,france1 x is always ! cu/om to e/abli% ! /atus quo1 if possible1 & to assume t ! error 0 q un9t5tional4 ,9 ,engl&1 all laws are bas$ on ! assumption t y\r adv]s>y is a rogue1 & ! p5alties are absurdly sev]e1 b we h no au?ority to *ange !m4 ,irregul>ities 9 ,draw+4 ,if a play] has =gott5 to take 8 c>d f ! talon1 & has play$ to ! next trick1 ! ,engli% laws compel him to play ! rema9d] ( ! h& ) eight c>ds2 ! ,fr5* laws give 8 adv]s>y ! option ( call+ ! deal void1 or all[+ ! play] 9 error to draw two c>ds f ! /ock next "t4 ,if a play] draws two c>ds f ! /ock1 in/ead ( "o1 he mu/ %[ ! second "o to 8 adv]s>y if he has se5 x himself4 ,if x 0 8 adv]s>y's c>d1 he mu/ %[ 8 own c>d also4 ,if he has n se5 x1 he may put x back )\t p5alty4 ,if he draws out ( turn1 he mu/ re/ore ! c>d improp]ly drawn1 & if x belongs to 8 adv]s>y1 ! play] 9 error mu/ %[ 8 own c>d4 ,if bo? play]s draw ! wrong c>ds1 !re is no rem$y4 ,if ! los] ( any trick draws & looks at two c>ds f ! /ock1 8 adv]s>y may look at bo? c>ds ( ! foll[+ draw1 & may select ei!r = himself4 ,if he *ooses ! second c>d1 he ne$ n %[ x4 ,if1 on acc\nt ( "s undetect$ irregul>ity1 an odd numb] ( c>ds rema9 9 ! /ock1 ! la/ c>d mu/ n be drawn4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,ea* game is complete 9 "o deal1 & ! score ( ! los] is d$uct$ f t ( ! w9n]4 ,! comb9ations :i* may be decl>$ & scor$ are ! same z 9 ,bzique1 b ow+ to ! use ( f\r packs ( c>ds d\ble comb9ations are mu* m frequ5t1 & triple comb9ations are n uncommon4 ,! *ief conc]n ( ! play] mu/ be1 fir/ ( all1 to save himself f a rubicon2 t is1 ei!r to rea* #ajjj po9ts1 or to score z few po9ts z possible4 ,if he does n rea* #ajjj1 8 adv]s>y w take :atev] he has scor$1 & add !m to 8 own1 besides #acjj 9 addition = rubicon & brisques4 ,= in/ance3 ,at ! end ( ! h& ,a has scor$ #abjj1 & ,b has only #gjj4 ,b is rubicon$1 & 8 #gjj po9ts are add$ to ,a's #abjj1 toge!r ) #acjj m = a rubicon game & brisques2 giv+ ,a a gr& total ( #cbjj po9ts to no?+4 ,_h ,b rea*$ #ajjj1 he w\ld h sav$ 8 rubicon1 & ,a w\ld h scor$ ! diff]5ce only1 or #bjj po9ts1 plus #ejj = ! game2 #gjj altoge!r4 ,brisques4 ,! aces & ,t5s ( ea* suit are ( no value unless x is necess>y to c\nt !m to decide a tie1 or to save a rubicon4 ,!y are nev] scor$ dur+ ! play ( ! h&4 ,decl>ations4 ,! comb9ations :i* may be ann\nc$ & scor$ dur+ ! play ( ! h& are divid$ into ?ree classes3 ,a1 ,m>riages & ,sequ5ces2 ,b1 ,bziques2 & ,c1 ,f\rs4 ,only "o comb9ation c be scor$ at a "t1 & x mu/ be ann\nc$ & laid on ! table imm$iately aft] ! play] hold+ x has won a trick1 & be=e he draws 8 c>d f ! talon4 ,if he draws )\t ann\nc+1 x is equival5t to say+ he has no decl>ation to make4 ,hav+ drawn 8 c>d1 ev5 if he has n look$ at x1 he _c score any decl>ation until he w9s ano!r trick4 ,! v>i\s comb9ations & _! values are z foll[s3 ,,class ,a4 ,k+ & ,que5 9 any pla9 suit1 ,m>riage #bj ,k+ & ,que5 ( trumps1 ,royal ,m>riage #dj ,five highe/ c>ds 9 a pla9 suit1 ,sequ5ce #aej ,five highe/ c>ds 9 trumps1 ,royal ,sequ5ce #bej ,,class ,b4 ,spade ,que5 & ,diamond ,jack1 ,s+le ,bzique #dj ,two spade ,que5s & diamond ,jacks1 ,d\ble ,bzique #ejj ,?ree spade ,que5s & diamond ,jacks1 ,triple ,bzique #aejj ,f\r spade ,que5s & diamond ,jacks1 ,quadruple ,bzique #dejj ,,class ,c4 ,any f\r ,aces #ajj ,any f\r ,k+s #hj ,any f\r ,que5s #fj ,any f\r ,jacks #dj ,besides ! =ego+1 !re is ! score ( fifty po9ts = c>te blan*e1 :i* may be ann\nc$ only be=e ! fir/ trick is play$ to1 & ! score ( fifty po9ts = ! w9n] ( ! la/ trick ( all4 ,9 class ,a1 ! fir/ m>riage decl>$ mu/ ( c\rse c\nt #dj1 z x is ! trump suit = t deal4 ,9 class ,c1 ! f\r c\rt c>ds may be ( diff]5t suits1 or any two or m ( !m may be ( ! same suit4 ,! rules gov]n+ decl>ations are z foll[s3-- ,! play] mak+ ! decl>ation mu/ h won ! previ\s trick1 & mu/ make 8 ann\ncem5t be=e draw+ 8 c>d f ! /ock4 ,:5 ! /ock is exhau/$1 s t no c>ds rema9 to be drawn1 no ann\ncem5ts c be made4 ,only "o decl>ation c be scor$ at a "t1 s t a trick mu/ be won = e ann\ncem5t made1 or ! comb9ation _c be scor$4 ,?is rule does n prev5t a play] f mak+ two or m ann\ncem5ts at ! same "t2 b he c score only "o ( !m4 ,a play] _c make a l[] decl>ation ) c>ds :i* =m "p ( a high] comb9ation already %[n 9 ! same class4 ,= in/ance3--,m>riages & sequ5ces belong to ! same class4 ,if a sequ5ce has be5 decl>$1 ! play] _c take f x ! ,k+ & ,que51 & score = ! m>riage2 nei!r c he add a new ,que5 to ! ,k+ already us$ 9 ! sequ5ce1 because ! high] comb9ation 0 scor$ fir/4 ,! same rule applies to l[] & high] bziques4 ,b if ! l[] comb9ation is fir/ %[n & scor$--! m>riage--! ,a #aj ,j may be add$ aft]w>d1 on w9n+ ano!r trick1 & ! sequ5ce scor$4 ,?is rule does n apply to c>ds belong+ to comb9ations 9 diff]5t classes4 ,a ,que5 us$ 9 class ,a may be us$ ov] aga9 9 bo? ,b & ,c classes4 ,re-=m+ ,comb9ations4 ,! *ief peculi>ity 9 ,rubicon ,bzique is t comb9ations :i* h be5 laid on ! table & scor$ may be brok5 up1 re-=m$1 & scor$ aga9 indef9itely4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] has decl>$ royal sequ5ce1 & scor$ #bej po9ts = x4 ,he may play away ! ,ace1 break+ up ! sequ5ce1 & ^u w9n+ ! trick lay d[n ano!r ,ace1 re-=m+ ! sequ5ce1 & scor+ #bej po9ts aga94 ,he might repeat ! same process ) ! ,t51 ,k+1 ,que5 & ,jack1 & 9 six successive tricks he w\ld score ?is royal sequ5ce six times1 mak+ #aejj po9ts out ( x4 ,9 actual play x is n necess>y to g ?r\gh ! =mality ( play+ away a c>d f ! comb9ation on ! table1 & !n replac+ x1 = x am\nts to ! same ?+ if ! new c>d 9 ! h& is l$ or play$1 & ! fre% comb9ation claim$4 ,m>riages1 bziques & f\rs may be brok5 up & re-=m$ 9 ! same way4 ,aft] decl>+ #ajj ,aces1 ! play] may lead or play ano!r ,ace1 & claim ano!r #ajj ,aces1 scor+ !m :5 he w9s a trick4 ,9 ?is way1 eight ,aces actually held might score #ejj po9ts4 ,9 ! bzique comb9ations1 a new c>d simply re-=ms ! s+le bzique4 ,9 ord] to score d\ble1 triple1 or quadruple bzique1 all ! c>ds =m+ ! comb9ation mu/ be on ! table at "o "t1 b !y may be play$ & scor$ "o aft] ! o!r1 cumulatively4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] hold+ quadruple bzique & %[+ all eight c>ds at once w\ld score #dejj only2 ! m9or bziques w\ld be lo/4 ,if he _h "t1 & c\ld w9 tricks en\gh1 he might %[ ! s+le fir/1 scor+ #dj1 !n ! d\ble1 scor+ #ejj1 !n ! triple1 scor+ #aejj1 & f9ally ! quadruple1 scor+ #dejj1 :i* w\ld yield him a gr& total ( #fedj po9ts4 ,he might decl>e m>riage 9 he>ts1 & aft]w>d play ?ree m he>t ,que5s1 scor+ ea* m>riage1 & !n ?ree he>t ,k+s1 scor+ ?ree m m>riages4 ,^! w\ld all be new comb9ations4 ,d\ble ,decl>ations4 ,^! are c>ri$ =w>d 9 ! mann] already describ$ = ! ord9>y game4 ,suppose a play] has two spade ,k+s on ! table1 & %[s d\ble bzique4 ,he ( c\rse m>ks ! m valuable score1 #ejj1 & simply claims ! m>riages by say+3 8,) tw5ty & tw5ty to score40 ,on w9n+ ano!r trick he is n compell$ to score ! previ\s ann\ncem5t if he has any o!r or bett] to make4 ,he might h two m ,que5s1 & w\ld ann\nce3 8,sixty ,que5s1 ) tw5ty & tw5ty to score40 ,if he scores "o ( ! ann\ncem5ts held ov]1 he /ill c>ries on ! o!r4 ,:5 ann\ncem5ts are c>ri$ =w>d 9 ?is mann]1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! c>ds mu/ /ill be on ! table :5 ! "t comes to score !m4 ,if "o ( !m has be5 l$ or play$1 or ! /ock is exhau/$ be=e ! play] w9s ano!r trick1 ! score held ov] is lo/4 ,"t4 ,on acc\nt ( ! great numb] ( comb9ations possible at ,rubicon ,bzique1 x is v seldom t a play] succe$s 9 scor+ ev]y?+ he holds4 ,he is all[$ to c\nt ! c>ds rema9+ 9 ! talon1 provid$ he does n di/urb _! ord]4 ,?is c\nt is (t5 important t[>d ! end ( ! h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,y "k f ! c>ds y hold1 & ^? play$1 t y\r adv]s>y mu/ h 9 8 h& ! c>ds t w make a d\ble bzique on ! table into a triple bzique1 :i* w\ld give him #aejj po9ts4 ,if1 on c\nt+ ! /ock1 y f9d only six c>ds rema91 & y h ?ree c]ta9 w9n+ trumps to lead1 y c %ut out 8 #aejj by exhau/+ ! /ock be=e he c w9 a trick4 ,irregul> ,ann\ncem5ts4 ,if a play] ann\nces a comb9ation :i* he does n %[2 su* z f\rs1 :5 he has only ?ree1 :i* he may easily d by mi/ak+ a ,jack = a ,k+1 8 adv]s>y c compel him n only to take d[n ! score errone\sly m>k$1 b to lead or play "o ( ! ?ree ,k+s4 ,a play] may be call$ ^u to lead or play c>ds f o!r errone\s decl>ations 9 ! same mann]2 b if he has ! "r c>d or c>ds 9 8 h&1 he is p]mitt$ to am5d 8 error1 provid$ he has n drawn a c>d f ! /ock 9 ! meantime4 ,! ,la/ ,n9e ,tricks4 ,:5 ! /ock is exhau/$1 all ann\ncem5ts are at an end1 & ! play]s take back into _! h&s all ! c>ds ^u ! table :i* may rema9 f ! comb9ations decl>$ 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,! w9n] ( ! previ\s trick !n leads any c>d he pleases1 b = ! la/ n9e tricks ! second play] 9 ea* mu/ n only foll[ suit1 b mu/ w9 ! trick if he c1 ei!r ) a sup]ior c>d or ) a trump4 ,any play] fail+ to foll[ suit or to w9 a trick1 :5 able to d s1 may be compell$ to take back 8 c>ds to ! po9t :]e ! error occurr$1 & to replay ! h& f t po9t4 ,9 ,france he is p5alis$ by c\nt+ no?+ f t po9t on1 ei!r = brisques or = ! la/ trick4 ,! w9n] ( ! la/ trick scores fifty po9ts = x imm$iately4 ,,scor+4 ,ea* deal is a complete game 9 itself1 & ! w9n] is ! play] :o has scor$ ! mo/ po9ts = c>te blan*e1 comb9ations1 & ! la/ trick4 ,! brisques are n c\nt$1 unless !y are necess>y to decide a tie1 or save a rubicon4 ,! value ( ! game is det]m9$ by d$uct+ ! less] score f ! high]1 & !n add+ #ejj po9ts to ! rema9d]4 ,9 ?is d$uction all fractions ( a hundr$ are disreg>d$4 ,= in/ance3 ,a's score is #ahcj2 :ile ,b's is #abfj4 ,a w9s #ahjj1 less ! #abjj scor$ by ,b1 :i* leaves #fjj2 to ?is mu/ be add$ ! #ejj po9ts = game1 mak+ ! total value ( ,a's game #aajj po9ts4 ,if ! scores are v ne>ly equal1 be+ )9 "o or two hundr$ po9ts ( ea* o!r1 ! tricks tak5 9 by ea* play] are turn$ ov]1 & ! brisques are c\nt$1 ea* play] add+ to 8 score t5 po9ts = e brisque he has won4 ,suppose t aft] ! la/ trick _h be5 play$ & scor$1 ,a's total 0 #abfj1 & ,b's #aadj4 ,?is is close en\gh to ju/ify ,b 9 dem&+ a c\nt ( ! brisques4 ,x is f\nd t ,a has sev5 only1 :ile ,b has tw5ty-five4 ,?is %[s ,b to be ! w9n] ( ! game1 ) a total score ( #acij to ,a's #accj4 ,if ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! f9al scores is less ?an #ajj po9ts1 aft] add+ ! brisques & ?r[+ (f ! fractions1 ! play] ) ! high] score adds #ajj po9ts = bonus4 ,9 ! case j giv51 ,b's f9al score is equal to ,a's1 aft] dropp+ ! fractions f bo?2 s he w\ld add #ajj = bonus to ! #ejj = game1 & w9 #fjj po9ts altoge!r4 ,rubicons4 ,if ! l[] score is less ?an #ajjj1 no matt] :at ! high] score may be1 ! los] is rubicon$1 & all ! po9ts he has scor$ are add$ to ! score ( ! w9n]1 in/ead ( be+ d$uct$4 ,9 addition to ?is1 ! w9n] adds a d\ble game1 or #ajjj po9ts1 = ! rubicon1 & #cjj po9ts = all ! brisques1 no matt] :o actually won !m4 ,= example3 ,a's score is #ibj1 & ,b's #ddj4 ,x is n necess>y to c\nt ! brisques to see t ,a w9s & ,b is rubicon$4 ,a adds ,b's #djj to 8 own #ijj1 mak+ 8 score #acjj1 & to ?is total he adds #acjj = rubicon & brisques1 mak+ ! value ( 8 game #bfjj po9ts altoge!r4 ,! los] is n rubicon$ if he c br+ 8 total score to #ajjj by add+ 8 brisques4 ,suppose ,a has #agdj & ,b #hej4 ,! brisques are c\nt$1 & x is f\nd t ,b has eighte51 mak+ 8 score #ajcj1 & sav+ 8 rubicon4 ,a adds 8 f\rte5 brisques1 mak+ 8 total #ahhj1 :i* makes ! value ( 8 game #ahjj1 m9us ,b's #ajjj1 plus #ejj = ! game1 or #acjj altoge!r4 ,if ,b's brisques did n prove suffici5t to save ! rubicon1 ,a w\ld c\nt !m all4 ,suppose t 9 ! =ego+ case ,b _h tak5 9 only elev5 brisques1 leav+ 8 total #iij4 ,z ?is does n save ! rubicon ! game is reckon$ z if ! brisques _h n be5 c\nt$ at all1 & ,a w9s #ahjj1 plus ,b's #hjj1 plus #acjj = rubicon & brisques2 #cijj altoge!r4 ,if ! play] :o is rubicon$ has scor$ less ?an #ajj po9ts1 ! w9n] takes #ajj = bonus1 9 addition to ! #acjj = rubicon & brisques4 ,:5 a s]ies ( games is play$ betwe5 ! same individuals1 x is usual to keep ! net results on a %eet ( pap]1 sett+ d[n ! hundr$s only1 & to settle at ! end ( ! sitt+4 ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play w be f\nd 9 ,b9ocle4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*9ese ,b,,zique is ,rubicon ,bzique ) six packs ( c>ds %uffl$ toge!r & us$ z "o4 ,! c\nts run into enorm\s figures1 & #fjjj is n an uncommon score = ! w9n]4 ,9 ,,*\ette ,b,,zique1 "o ( sev]al play]s agrees to take all bets1 & has ! *oice ( deal & seats )\t cutt+4 ,8 adv]s>ies may consult toge!r 9 play+ aga9/ him4 ,if ! *\ette play] w9s1 "o ( 8 oppon5ts takes ! los]'s place2 b if he loses1 ! same play] opposes him = ! next game4 ,! adv]s>ies usually cut to decide :i* ( !m %all play ! fir/ game aga9/ ! *\ette play]1 ! highe/ c>d hav+ ! privilege4 ,if !re are f\r play]s1 two may play aga9/ two1 ea* consult+ ) 8 p>tn] & %>+ 8 bets4 ,,b9ocle4 ,! ^w ,b9ocle is spelt 9 _m diff]5t ways1 all ( :i*1 are1 h[ev]1 phonetic equival5ts ( ! correct "o4 ,! ^w is probably d]iv$ f ! ,fr5* ^w 8b9age10 :i* 0 ! "n giv5 to ! comb9ation kn[n z 8b9ocle10 & :i* seem$ a bett] t]m ?an 8c9q c5ts0 z ! game 0 no long] #ejj po9ts up4 ,9 all ,g]man works on c>d games ! "n is spelt z we give x2 b ! pronunciation ( ! initial 8b0 9 ! ,g]man is s ne> t ( 8p10 t 8,p9ocle0 is ne>] ! correct spell+ ?an any o!r =m4 ,!re is no au?ority = ! introduction ( ! 8h10 :i* has l$ "s p]sons to ?9k ! ^w a comp\nd ( 8bis0 & 8kno*le10 & has giv5 rise to ! =ms3 b9o*le1 p9o*le1 p9u*le1 p9ucle1 p5ucle1 p5u*le1 p5uckle & p9uckel1 all ( :i* may be f\nd 9 v>i\s works on c>d games4 ,,c>ds4 ,b9ocle is play$ ) two packs ( tw5ty-f\r c>ds ea*1 all bel[ ! ,n9e be+ delet$1 & ! two packs be+ !n %uffl$ toge!r1 & us$ z "o4 ,! c>ds rank ,a #aj ,k ,q ,j #i1 ! ,ace be+ ! highe/1 bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,,c\nt]s4 ,! game is #ajjj po9ts1 & is usually scor$ ) c\nt]s1 ea* play] be+ provid$ ) f\r :ite1 wor? #aj ea*2 f\r blue1 wor? #ajj ea*2 "o r$1 wor? #ej1 & a copp] c5t or a button1 :i* repres5ts #ejj4 ,^! c\nt]s are plac$ on ! left ( ! play] at ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 & are mov$ ov] to 8 "r z ! po9ts accrue4 ,! game is sometimes kept on a cribbage bo>d1 ea* play] />t+ at #ba1 & go+ twice r\nd to ! game-hole1 reckon+ ea* peg z #aj po9ts4 ,,/akes4 ,b9ocle is play$ = s mu* a game ( #ajjj po9ts1 & ! mom5t ei!r play] ei!r actually rea*es or claims to h rea*$ t numb]1 ! game is at an end4 ,if 8 claim is correct1 he w9s2 if x is n1 8 adv]s>y takes ! /akes1 no matt] :at ! score may be4 ,,play]s4 ,b9ocle is play$ by two p]sons1 "o ( :om is kn[n z ! deal]1 & ! o!r z ! pone4 ,!y cut = ! *oice ( seats & deal1 & ! play] cutt+ ! high] c>d may deal or n1 z he pleases4 ,x is usual = ! play] hav+ ! *oice to make 8 adv]s>y deal4 ,a play] expos+ m ?an "o c>d mu/ cut aga94 ,,deal+4 ,aft] ! c>ds are ?or\ghly %uffl$1 !y are pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut4 ,at lea/ five c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,! deal] !n di/ributes ! c>ds f\r at a "t = ?ree r\nds1 giv+ to 8 adv]s>y fir/1 & !n to himself4 ,! tw5ty-fif? c>d is turn$ up = ! trump4 ,if ?is c>d is a ,n9e1 ! deal] claims dix1 & c\nts t5 = x imm$iately4 ,! trump c>d is laid aside1 & ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 :i* is call$ ! /ock1 or talon1 is slightly spread1 to facilitate ! process ( draw+ c>ds f x1 & to be sure t none ( ! c>ds rema9+ 9 ! /ock are expos$4 ,! trump is usually plac$ face up "u ! la/ c>d ( ! /ock4 ,9 ,sixty-f\r-c>d ,b9ocle1 ! ,sev5s & ,eights are add$ to ! pack4 ,!re are !n two ways to play3 ,if eight c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 ! game is simply ,bzique1 except = "s m9or details relat+ to ! comb9ations & _! value4 ,^! are usually disreg>d$1 & ! regul> game ( ,bzique is play$4 ,if twelve c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 ! game is ! same z ! "o ab\t to be describ$1 b ) eight c>ds add$ to ! pack1 & ! ,sev5 tak+ ! place ( ! ,n9e = dix4 ,misdeal+4 ,if ! deal] exposes a c>d belong+ to 8 adv]s>y or to ! /ock1 ! pone may dem& a new deal2 b if ei!r play] exposes any ( 8 own c>ds ! deal /&s good4 ,if too _m c>ds are giv5 to ei!r play]1 & ! error is discov]$ be=e ! deal] plays to ! fir/ trick1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if ei!r play] has too few c>ds1 ! pone may dem& a new deal1 or may all[ ! deal] to supply ! defici5cy f ! top ( ! /ock4 ,if any c>d is f\nd expos$ 9 ! pack1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if a c>d fac$ 9 ! /ock is n discov]$ until ! fir/ trick has be5 play$ to by ! deal]1 ! expos$ c>d mu/ be turn$ face d[n1 )\t di/urb+ its position4 ,if ! pack is f\nd to be imp]fect1 ! deal 9 :i* x is discov]$ is void2 b all previ\s scores & cuts made ) t pack /& good4 ,9 all misdeals ! same deal] deals aga94 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,aft] ! trump is turn$1 ! pone beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases4 ,! second play] is n oblig$ to foll[ suit1 nor to trump2 b may r5\nce or trump at pleasure until ! /ock is exhau/$1 aft] :i* ! me?od ( play und]goes a *ange4 ,if ! second play] foll[s suit 9 any trick1 ! high] c>d w9s4 ,trumps w9 pla9 suits4 ,if id5tical c>ds are play$ to ! same trick1 su* z two club ,jacks1 ! lead] w9s4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick takes 9 ! c>ds1 turn+ !m face d[n1 b be=e he leads = ! next trick he has ! privilege ( ann\nc+ & scor+ any "o ( c]ta9 comb9ations t he may hold 9 8 h&4 ,aft]1 or 9 ! abs5ce ( any su* ann\ncem5t1 & be=e lead+ = ! next trick1 he draws a c>d f ! top ( ! /ock1 & places x 9 8 h&1 )\t %[+ or nam+ x4 ,8 adv]s>y !n draws ! next c>d1 s t ea* play] re/ores ! numb] ( c>ds 9 8 h& to twelve4 ,?is me?od ( play+1 ann\nc+1 & draw+ f ! talon is cont9u$ until ! /ock is exhau/$4 ,! ,a #aj ,k ,q ,j ( ea* suit h c]ta9 c\nt+ values1 :i* w be describ$ fur!r on4 ,all comb9ations ann\nc$ & scor$ mu/ be laid face upw>d on ! table2 b ! c>ds /ill =m "p ( ! play]'s h&1 & may be l$ or play$ at any "t1 al?\gh !y mu/ n aga9 be tak5 9 h& until ! /ock is exhau/$4 ,irregul>ities 9 ,play4 ,if ei!r play] leads out ( turn1 & 8 adv]s>y plays to ! lead1 :e!r int5tionally or o!rwise1 ! trick /&s good4 ,if ! adv]s>y calls att5tion to ! error1 ! c>d may be tak5 back )\t p5alty4 ,if at any "t x is discov]$ t a play] has too _m c>ds1 8 adv]s>y may ei!r claim a fre% deal1 or may compel him to play )\t draw+ f ! talon until ! numb] ( 8 c>ds is r$uc$ to twelve4 ,! play] ) too _m c>ds is n all[$ to make or score any ann\ncem5ts until he has 8 "r numb] ( c>ds4 ,if a play] has too few c>ds1 8 adv]s>y may ei!r claim a fre% deal1 or all[ him to make good ! defici5cy by draw+ f ! /ock4 ,any play] look+ at any b ! la/ trick turn$ d[n1 =feits 8 entire score = 8c>ds40 ,irregul>ities 9 ,draw+4 ,if a play] has =gott5 to take a c>d f ! talon1 & has play$ to ! next trick1 8 adv]s>y may elect to call ! deal void1 or to all[ him to draw two c>ds next "t4 ,if a play] has drawn two c>ds f ! /ock1 in/ead ( "o1 he mu/ %[ ! second "o to 8 adv]s>y if he has se5 x himself4 ,if x 0 8 adv]s>y's c>d1 he mu/ %[ 8 own c>d also4 ,if he has n se5 x1 he may put x back )\t p5alty4 ,if he draws out ( turn1 he mu/ re/ore ! c>d improp]ly drawn1 & if x belongs to 8 adv]s>y1 ! play] 9 error mu/ %[ 8 own c>d4 ,if bo? draw ! wrong c>ds !re is no rem$y1 & ea* mu/ keep :at he gets4 ,if ! los] ( any trick draws & looks at two c>ds f ! /ock1 8 adv]s>y may look at bo? c>ds ( ! foll[+ draw1 & may select ei!r = himself4 ,if he *ooses ! second c>d1 :i* 8 adv]s>y has n se51 he ne$ n %[ x4 ,if1 on acc\nt ( "s undetect$ irregul>ity1 an ev5 numb] ( c>ds rema9 9 ! /ock1 ! la/ c>d mu/ n be drawn4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick takes ! la/ b "o1 & ! los] takes ! trump c>d4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! aim ( ea* play] is to rea* #ajjj po9ts be=e 8 adv]s>y1 & ! "o fir/ rea*+ t numb]1 & ann\nc+ x1 w9s ! game4 ,po9ts are scor$ = dix1 melds1 ! la/ trick1 & = c>ds1 :i* are ! c\nt+ c>ds 9 tricks won4 ,melds4 ,! v>i\s comb9ations :i* are decl>$ dur+ ! play ( ! h& are call$ melds1 f ! ,g]man ^w meld51 to ann\nce4 ,^! melds are divid$ into ?ree classes3 a1 ,m>riages & ,sequ5ces2 b1 ,b9ocles2 & c1 ,f\rs4 ,only "o comb9ation c be ann\nc$ at a "t1 & x mu/ be meld$ imm$iately aft] ! play] hold+ x has won a trick1 & be=e he draws 8 c>d f ! /ock4 ,if he draws )\t ann\nc+1 ev5 if he has n se5 ! c>d drawn1 he _c meld any?+ until he w9s ano!r trick4 ,! melds & _! values are z foll[s3-- ,,class ,a4 ,k+ & ,que5 ( any pla9 suit1 ,m>riage1 #bj ,k+ & ,que5 ( ,trumps1 ,royal ,m>riage1 #dj ,! five highe/ trumps1 ,sequ5ce1 #aej ,,class ,b4 ,spade ,que5 & diamond ,jack1 ,b9ocle1 #dj ,two spade ,que5s & diamond ,jacks1 ,d\ble ,b9ocle1 #hj ,k+ & ,que5 ( spades1 & diamond ,jack1 ,gr& ,b9ocle1 #hj ,,class ,c4 ,f\r ,aces ( diff]5t suits1 #ajj ,f\r ,k+s ( diff]5t suits1 #hj ,f\r ,que5s ( diff]5t suits1 #fj ,f\r ,jacks ( diff]5t suits1 #dj ,eight ,aces1 #bjj ,eight ,k+s1 #afj ,eight ,que5s1 #abj ,eight ,jacks1 #hj ,! ?ird meld 9 class ,b is n (t5 play$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,! c\nt = x is ! same1 #hj po9ts1 :e!r ! m>riage 9 spades is ! trump suit or n4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ! c\rt c>ds 9 class ,c mu/ be ( diff]5t suits 9 ,b9ocle1 :]eas1 9 ,bzique1 any f\r c\rt c>ds may be decl>$4 ,! foll[+ rules gov]n all classes ( decl>ations3-- ,! play] mak+ ! decl>ation mu/ h won ! previ\s trick1 & mu/ meld be=e draw+ 8 c>d f ! /ock4 ,:5 ! /ock is exhau/$1 s t no c>ds rema9 to be drawn1 no fur!r ann\ncem5ts c be made4 ,only "o meld c be scor$ at a "t1 s t a trick mu/ be made = e ann\ncem5t made1 or ! comb9ation _c be scor$1 & a fre% c>d mu/ be play$ f ! h& = e fre% meld4 ,?is is a v important rule1 & little und]/ood4 ,suppose a play] holds f\r ,k+s & f\r ,que5s4 ,! total c\nt = ! v>i\s comb9ations ^! c>ds w make is #bbj3 two pla9-suit m>riages1 #bj ea*2 royal m>riage1 #dj2 f\r ,k+s1 #hj2 & f\r ,que5s1 #fj4 ,z only "o comb9ation c be scor$ = ea* trick won1 & z ! play] mu/ lay d[n at lea/ "o fre% c>d = ea* successive meld1 x is evid5t t if he beg9s ) ! #hj ,k+s1 & !n m>ries ea* ( !m 9 turn1 :5 he comes to ! f\r? ,que5 he w h to sacrifice ! #bj = a m>riage 9 ord] to score ! #fj = ! f\r ,que5s4 ,he _c score bo?1 or he w n be comply+ ) ! rule ab\t ! fre% c>d f ! h& = e meld4 ,t is :y f\r ,k+s & f\r ,que5s are nev] wor? #bdj1 b only #bbj4 ,a play] _c meld c>ds :i* h already be5 us$ to =m high] comb9ations 9 ! same class2 b he may use c>ds meld$ 9 l[] comb9ations to =m m valuable ones 9 ! same class1 provid$ he adds at lea/ "o fre% c>d f 8 h&4 ,! pr9ciple is t c>ds may be add$ to melds already %[n1 b !y _c be tak5 away to =m o!r comb9ations 9 ! same class4 ,= example3 ,royal m>riage has be5 meld$ & scor$4 ,! play] may add to ?is ! ,ace1 ,t51 & ,jack ( trumps to make ! sequ5ce1 :i* is a m valuable comb9ation 9 ! same class4 ,b if ! fir/ meld is ! sequ5ce1 he _c take away f ! sequ5ce ! c>d or c>ds to =m a m>riage4 ,a new ,que5 add$ to ! ,k+ already 9 ! sequ5ce w n make a m>riage2 because x is n ! ,que5 t is add$ to ! sequ5ce1 b ! ,k+ t is tak5 away4 ,! same rule applies to ! b9ocles4 ,if a play] has scor$ d\ble b9ocle1 he c n aft]w>d take away two c>ds to meld a s+le b9ocle2 b if ! s+le b9ocle has be5 meld$ & scor$ fir/1 he may add two m c>ds1 & score ! d\ble b9ocle4 ,he _c score ! second s+le1 & !n claim ! d\ble1 because "s new c>d mu/ be add$ to =m a new meld 9 ! same class4 ,if f\r ,k+s are meld$ & scor$1 ! o!r f\r may be add$ lat]2 b if ! eight ,k+s are fir/ meld$1 ! score = ! f\r ,k+s is lo/4 ,c>ds may be tak5 away f "o comb9ation to =m less valuable comb9ations 9 ano!r class4 ,= in/ance3 ,f\r ,jacks h be5 meld$2 ! diamond ,jack may be tak5 away to =m a b9ocle ) ! spade ,que54 ,if spades are trumps1 & ! sequ5ce has be5 meld$1 ! ,que5 may be tak5 away to =m a b9ocle1 because ! b9ocle is 9 a diff]5t class ( melds2 b ! ,que5 _c be us$ to =m a m>riage1 because ! sequ5ce & ! m>riage are 9 ! same class4 ,z !re are ?ree classes1 "o c>d may be us$ ?ree sep>ate times4 ,! spade ,que51 = in/ance1 may be us$ 9 a m>riage1 9 b9ocle1 & 9 f\r ,que5s1 & ^! melds may be made 9 any ord]4 ,c>ds once us$ 9 comb9ations _c aga9 be us$ 9 melds ( equal value belong+ to ! same class2 & comb9ations once brok5 up _c be re-=m$ by ! addition ( fre% c>ds4 ,= in/ance3 ,f\r ,k+s h be5 meld$1 & "o ( !m has be5 us$ 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,! play] _c add a new ,k+ to ! ?ree rema9+1 & meld f\r ,k+s aga94 ,a m>riage 9 he>ts has be5 meld$1 & ! ,k+ play$ away4 ,a new ,k+ w n make ano!r m>riage ) ! old ,que54 ,a b9ocle has be5 meld$1 & ! ,jack has be5 play$2 ano!r ,jack w n make a new b9ocle ) ! old ,que54 ,d\ble ,decl>ations4 ,:5 a play] makes a meld conta9+ c]ta9 c>ds :i* w =m a c\nt+ comb9ation ) o!r c>ds already on ! table1 x is call$ a d\ble decl>ation1 t is1 a meld 9 two diff]5t classes at ! same "t4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] has meld$ & scor$ f\r ,k+s1 & on w9n+ ano!r trick he melds b9ocle4 ,two ( ! c>ds on ! table =m a m>riage 9 spades1 & z ! m>riage is 9 a diff]5t class f ei!r ( ! o!r melds1 he may claim x & score x2 b if he does1 he w lose ! score = ! b9ocle1 be+ prev5t$ by ! rule ab\t a fre% c>d f ! h& = ea* individual meld4 ,! only way to secure bo? scores w\ld be to meld ! m>riage fir/1 & aft]w>d to lay d[n ! ,jack & meld ! b9ocle4 ,"t4 ,on acc\nt ( ! numb] ( comb9ations possible1 & ! fact t !re are only twelve tricks to be play$ be=e ! scores = ann\ncem5ts are b>r$1 x frequ5tly happ5s t a play] has n "t to score ev]y?+ he holds4 ,he is all[$ to c\nt ! c>ds rema9+ 9 ! talon1 provid$ he does n di/urb _! ord]1 & x is (t5 important to d s t[>d ! end ( a h&4 ,scor+ ,dix4 ,if a play] holds or draws ! ,n9e ( trumps1 he has ! privilege ( ex*ang+ x = ! turn-up c>d1 & scor+ t5 po9ts = dix4 ,! ex*ange mu/ be made imm$iately aft] w9n+ a trick1 & be=e draw+ 8 c>d f ! /ock4 ,%\ld ! turn-up be a ,n9e1 ! ex*ange may /ill be made & scor$2 & if "o play] has already ex*ang$ a ,n9e = ! turn-up1 ! second ,n9e may /ill be ex*ang$ = ! fir/1 & scor$4 ,a play] _c score dix & any o!r comb9ation at ! same "t4 ,= ?is reason a play] ^: "t is %ort w (t5 =ego ! dix score altoge!r unless ! trump c>d is valuable4 ,irregul> ,melds4 ,if a play] ann\nces a comb9ation :i* he does n %[1 su* z f\rs :5 he has ?ree only1 :i* he may easily d by mi/ak+ a ,jack = a ,k+1 8 adv]s>y c compel him n only to take d[n ! score errone\sly m>k$1 b to lead or play "o ( ! ?ree ,k+s4 ,a play] may be call$ ^u to lead or play c>ds f o!r errone\s decl>ations 9 ! same mann]1 b if he has ! "r c>d or c>ds 9 8 h&1 he may am5d 8 error1 provid$ he has n drawn a c>d f ! /ock 9 ! meantime4 ,! ,la/ ,twelve ,tricks4 ,:5 ! /ock is exhau/$ all ann\ncem5ts are at an end1 & ! play]s take back into _! h&s all ! c>ds ^u ! table :i* may rema9 f ! comb9ations decl>$ 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,%\ld a play] take up 8 c>ds be=e play+ to ! la/ trick1 he may be call$ ^u to lay 8 entire h& on ! table4 ,! w9n] ( ! previ\s trick !n leads any c>d he pleases2 b = ! la/ twelve tricks ! second play] 9 ea* mu/ n only foll[ suit1 b mu/ w9 ! trick if he c1 ei!r ) a sup]ior c>d or ) a trump4 ,any play] fail+ to foll[ suit or to w9 a trick1 :5 able to d s1 may be compell$ to take back 8 c>ds to ! po9t :]e ! error occurr$1 & to replay ! h& f t po9t on4 ,! p5alty = ! revoke v>ies 9 diff]5t places1 b ! g5]al rule is = ! revok+ play] to lose 8 entire c\nt = 8c>ds40 ,! w9n] ( ! la/ trick scores t5 po9ts = x2 & ! play]s !n turn ov] ! tricks !y h tak51 & c\nt _! score = 8c>ds40 ,c>ds4 ,! five highe/ c>ds 9 ea* suit c\nt t[>d game = ! play] w9n+ !m4 ,! ,ace is wor? #aa po9ts1 ! ,t5 #aj1 ! ,k+ #d1 ! ,que5 #c1 & ! ,jack1 #b1 no matt] :at ! suit may be1 s t !re are #bdj po9ts = c>ds to be divid$ betwe5 ! play]s 9 ea* deal4 ,x is usual = only "o to c\nt1 ! o!r *eck+ him1 & tak+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! total & #bdj4 ,c>ds are n scor$ z ! tricks are tak5 91 b aft] ! h& is ov] & ! #aj po9ts h be5 scor$ = ! la/ trick4 ,f ?is x might be imag9$ t no notice 0 tak5 ( ! c\nt+ value ( ! c>ds tak5 9 dur+ ! play4 ,e>ly 9 ! game ?is is true2 b t[>d ! end ea* play] mu/ keep v c>eful m5tal c\nt ( ! value ( 8 tricks1 al?\gh he is n all[$ to make any note ( x1 nor to score x4 ,:5 ei!r play] kn[s1 by add+ 8 m5tal c\nt to 8 score = melds & dix1 t he has made po9ts en\gh to w9 ! game1 he /ops ! play by knock+ on ! table4 ,he !n turns ov] 8 tricks & c\nts 8 c>ds1 to %[ 8 adv]s>y t he has won ! game4 ,ev5 if bo? h en\gh to g out1 ! play] w9s :o knocks fir/1 provid$ 8 c\nt is correct4 ,if ! play] :o knocks is mi/ak51 & _c c\nt out1 he loses ! game1 no matt] :at 8 adv]s>y's score may be4 ,if nei!r knocks1 & at ! end ( ! h& bo? play]s are f\nd to h po9ts en\gh to put !m out1 nei!r w9s ! game4 ,if ! game is #ajjj po9ts1 x mu/ be cont9u$ to #abej4 ,%\ld bo? rea* t po9t )\t knock+1 x mu/ be cont9u$ to #aejj4 ,if nei!r knocks1 & only "o has en\gh po9ts to put him out1 he w9s ! game on its m]its4 ,,scor+4 ,! game is usually #ajjj po9ts4 ,all scores = dix1 melds1 & ! la/ trick1 are c\nt$ z soon z made2 b ! play]s are n all[$ to keep any record ( ! score = c>ds1 nor to g back ov] _! tricks to refre% _! memory4 ,any play] go+ back fur!r ?an ! la/ trick turn$ & quitt$1 =feits 8 entire score = c>ds4 ,! play] fir/ correctly ann\nc+ t he has rea*$ #ajjj po9ts1 w9s ! game1 no matt] :at 8 adv]s>y's score may be2 b if ! ann\ncem5t is incorrect1 he loses ! game4 ,%\ld a play] score m ?an he is entitl$ to2 z1 = in/ance1 scor+ #hj = f\r ,que5s1 8 adv]s>y may take d[n ! sup]flu\s score1 #bj po9ts 9 ?is in/ance1 & may add x to 8 own score = a p5alty4 ,,*eat+4 ,ap>t f ! usual weapons ( false %uffles1 /ripp]s cut to locate or pull out ! b9ocle c>ds1 & ! opportunities always (f]$ to ! greek :5 ! c>ds are dealt ?ree or f\r at a "t1 ! bzique family ( games are p>ticul>ly adapt$ to ! use ( m>k$ c>ds4 ,^! w %[ ! philosoph] ! exact value ( bo? ! c>ds 9 ! next draw1 & w enable him to v>y 8 play accord+ly4 ,x is = ?is reason t 9 ,france ! top c>d ( ! /ock is always drawn by ! same play]1 no matt] :i* w9s ! trick4 ,9 ,rubicon ,bzique1 a p]son %\ld be v famili> ) ! movem5ts peculi> to deal+ seconds be=e he v5tures to play 9 a public caf1 or he may f9d 8 adv]s>y ) ! mo/ a/oni%+ run ( repeat$ comb9ations1 & w be rubicon$ almo/ e game4 ,nev] play ) a man :o cuts ! pack ) bo? h&s1 wat*es ! c>ds closely z he deals1 or looks int5tly at ! top ( ! /ock be=e he plays to ! curr5t trick4 ,play]s :o h a n]v\s affection :i* makes !m pass ov] too _m c\nt]s at once w also be> wat*+4 ,col\r bl9dness may lead !m to take ov] a blue in/ead ( a :ite 9 a close game4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,! g5]al pr9ciples ( play are mu* ! same 9 all ! ,bzique family ( games4 ,x is usually be/ to give y\r adv]s>y ! deal1 because ! fir/ lead is (t5 an advantage1 especially if ! turn-up is valuable1 & y h a dix1 or if y want to make ! trump 9 ,rubicon ,bzique4 ,x is seldom "r to make ! trump unless y h "o or two ( ! sequ5ce c>ds ) ! m>riage4 ,! ,lead is a disadvantage unless y h some?+ to decl>e1 or !re is a brisque 9 ! trick1 or y c get home ! ,t5 ( a pla9 suit4 ,! ,t5s are ( no value 9 pla9 suits except z brisques1 = !y ent] into no comb9ation ) o!r c>ds except 9 ,p5*ant1 ,c9q-c5ts1 & ,rubicon4 ,if ! trick is ( no value1 or y h no?+ important to decl>e1 get rid ( y\r small c>ds1 & lead !m :5 y d n want to reta9 ! lead4 ,! lead is sometimes necess>y to prev5t y\r adv]s>y f decl>+1 especially t[>d ! end ( ! h&4 ,if y h l$ a brisque & won ! trick1 x is bett] to lead ano!r brisque 9 ! same suit ?an to *ange4 ,aces are bett] leads ?an ,k+s or ,que5s1 = ! c\rt c>ds c be m>ri$1 & y may nev] get #ajj ,aces4 ,k+s are bett] leads ?an ,que5s1 especially if ! ,que5s are spades4 ,jacks are bett] ?an ei!r1 b ! ,jack ( diamonds %\ld be kept z long z possible4 ,if y h to decide betwe5 two comb9ations1 "o ( :i* y mu/ sacrifice1 lead t :i* is ( ! smalle/ value1 or ! lea/ likely to be re/or$4 ,= in/ance3 ,if y\r adv]s>y has %[n "o or two ,k+s1 b no ,ace1 & y h ?ree ( ea*1 y are m likely to get #ajj ,aces ?an #hj ,k+s4 ,if y hold duplicate c>ds1 especially 9 trumps1 play ! "o on ! table1 n ! "o 9 y\r h&4 ,brisques4 ,beg9n]s (t5 ov]look ! importance ( brisques4 ,e "t y all[ y\r adv]s>y to take 9 a brisque :i* y might h won1 y make a diff]5ce ( tw5ty po9ts 9 ! score4 ,:ile y are hugg+ ?ree ,aces1 wait+ = a f\r?1 y\r adv]s>y may get home all 8 ,t5s1 & !n turn up ) y\r f\r? ,ace 9 8 h&4 ,disc>d+4 ,x is usually be/ to settle ^u "o ( two suits or comb9ations1 & to disc>d ! o!rs1 = y _c play = ev]y?+4 ,hav+ once settl$ on :at to play =1 x is g5]ally bad policy to *ange unless some?+ bett] turns up4 ,y\r adv]s>y's disc>ds w (t5 be a guide z to ! comb9ations he hopes to make1 & w %[ y t y ne$ n keep c]ta9 c>ds4 ,= in/ance3 ,if a b9ocle play] disc>ds or plays two he>t ,k+s1 x is unlikely t he has ei!r ( ! ,que5s1 & y may reasonably hope = #fj ,que5s2 b x w be impossible = y to make any?+ out ( y\r ,k+s b m>riages4 ,9 ,bzique1 :]e ,k+s may be ( ! same suit 9 f\rs1 y w h a slightly bett] *ance = #hj ,k+s on acc\nt ( y\r adv]s>y's disc>ds1 because he c]ta9ly has no m1 z he w\ld n break up ?ree ,k+s4 ,decl>+4 ,x is (t5 a nice po9t to decide :e!r or n y c af=d to make m9or decl>ations :ile hold+ high] ones 9 y\r h&4 ,9 ,rubicon _m play]s w give up ! trump m>riage if !y h ! sequ5ce1 especially ) a good *ance ( re-=m+ x sev]al times ) duplicate c>ds4 ,! numb] ( c>ds 9 h& w (t5 be ! be/ guide4 ,9 ,rubicon1 if y held trump sequ5ce & d\ble bzique1 x w\ld be bett] to decl>e ! sequ5ce fir/1 & to lead ! c>d y drew4 ,"o ( ! trump sequ5ce on ! table w\ld !n be free to rega9 ! lead & decl>e ! d\ble bzique2 b if ! bzique 0 decl>$ fir/1 ! sequ5ce might h to be brok5 into to rega9 ! lead4 ,) a pla9-suit sequ5ce & f\r ,aces1 decl>e ! ,aces fir/4 ,!y w !n be free to w9 tricks = ! purpose ( mak+ o!r decl>ations4 ,x is seldom "r to %[ ! bzique c>ds 9 o!r comb9ations1 & f\r ,jacks is a v bad meld1 because x %[s y\r adv]s>y t he _c hope = d\ble bzique4 ,by hold+ up bzique c>ds1 ev5 if y "k !y are ( no use to y1 y may lead y\r adv]s>y to break up 8 h&1 hop+ to draw ! c>d or c>ds y hold4 ,trumps4 ,small trumps may be us$ to advantage 9 w9n+ brisques1 b y %\ld keep at lea/ "o small trump to get ! lead at critical p]iods ( ! h&1 or to make an important decl>ation4 ,x is bad policy to trump 9 to make m9or decl>ations1 unless y\r "t is %ort4 ,x is seldom "r to lead ! trump ,ace1 except at ! end ( ! h&1 or :5 y h duplicates1 b lead+ high trumps to prev5t an adv]s>y f decl>+ fur!r is a common /ratagem1 if y "k f ! c>ds 9 y\r h&1 & ^? play$1 t y\r adv]s>y may get ! c>ds to meld some?+ ( importance4 ,! ,la/ ,tricks4 ,be=e y play to ! la/ trick1 give y\rself "t to note ! c>ds y\r adv]s>y has on ! table1 & comp>e !m ) y\r own1 s t y may play ! la/ tricks to advantage4 ,if y wait until aft] play+ to ! la/ trick1 he may ga!r up 8 c>ds s quickly t y w be unable to rememb] !m4 ,at ,rubicon x is n always advisable to w9 ! la/ trick4 ,if y\r adv]s>y is rubicon$ 9 any case1 y may add #ajj po9ts to y\r own score by giv+ him ! #ej = ! la/ trick1 :i* may put him across ! l9e into ano!r hundr$4 ,,text ,,books4 ,fo/]'s ,complete ,p9ocle4 #aijf4 ,laws ( ,p9o*le1 by ,r4,f4 ,fo/]4 #aijh4 ,bzique & ,cribbage1 by 8,b]keley40 ,! ,royal ,game ( ,bzique1 by ,*as4 ,goodall4 ,pocket ,guide to ,bzique1 by 8,cav5di%40 ,bzique1 by ,j4,l4 ,baldw94 ,rubicon ,bzique1 by 8,cav5di%40 ,bzique1 by ,reynolds ,son4 ,bzique1 by ,engli%4 ,rgle du ,bsique ,japonais4 ,articles 9 ,macmillan1 ,dec41 #ahfa2 ,field1 ,jan4 #cj1 #ahfi2 ,pall ,mall ,gazette1 ,jan4 #bc1 #bg1 #ahfi2 ,once a ,week1 ,feb4 #ac1 ,m>4 #bj1 #ahfi2 ,daily ,news1 ,feb4 #aj1 #ahfi2 ,we/m9/] ,pap]s1 ,jan41 #ahfi4 ,,?ree-,,h&$ ,,b9ocle4 ,:5 ?ree p]sons play1 ! entire pack is dealt out1 giv+ sixte5 c>ds to ea* play]1 f\r at a "t1 & turn+ up ! la/ = ! trump4 ,!re is no /ock4 ,ea* plays = himself1 & mu/ keep 8 own score4 ,a triangul> cribbage bo>d is v useful = ?is purpose4 ,dix4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 may %[ ! ,n9e ( trumps if he holds x1 & ex*ange x = ! trump c>d4 ,%\ld two ,n9es be %[n by diff]5t play]s1 ! "o on ! deal]'s left takes ! turn-up trump4 ,ev5 if ! deal] has a ,n9e himself1 he is n all[$ to keep ! turn-up trump4 ,if ! same play] holds bo? ,n9es he may score tw5ty on w9n+ a trick4 ,a play] ) #iij up is n out if he turns up ! ,n9e4 ,he mu/ w9 a trick4 ,melds4 ,all ! comb9ations h ! same value z 9 ! ord9>y game1 b all melds are laid ^u ! table be=e a c>d is play$4 ,:5 he lays d[n 8 c>ds1 a play] may make z _m comb9ations ) !m z he c1 j z he w\ld 9 ! ord9>y game if he _h pl5ty ( "t4 ,if he has ! trump sequ5ce1 he may lay d[n ! m>riage fir/1 !n ! ,a #aj ,j4 ,if he has d\ble b9ocle1 he may lay d[n ! s+le fir/1 & !n ! o!r1 claim+ ! c\nt = bo?4 ,f\r ,k+s & f\r ,que5s c\nt #bbj4 ,! trump sequ5ce c\nts #aij4 ,no play] is all[$ to meld aft] he has play$ to ! fir/ trick4 ,if he discov]s he _h m to meld1 b has play$ a c>d1 ! unann\nc$ score is lo/4 ,an int]e/+ v>iation is sometimes introduc$ by all[+ ! o!r play]s to claim any score ov]look$ by ! "o :o melds4 ,! total numb] ( po9ts claim$ by ea* play] is simply ann\nc$1 b n scor$4 ,! play] mu/ w9 a trick be=e he c score any?+2 b ! fir/ trick he w9s entitles him to score ev]y?+ he has ann\nc$1 includ+ dix4 ,x is usual to put ! melds on a slate1 & to rub !m out if ! play] does n w9 a trick4 ,play+4 ,! melds are all tak5 9 h& aga9 be=e play beg9s4 ,! elde/ h& leads = ! fir/ trick any c>d he pleases1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if able1 & mu/ w9 ! trick if !y c1 ei!r ) a high] c>d or ) a trump4 ,if ! ?ird h& _c w9 ! trick1 he is /ill oblig$ to foll[ suit if he c2 b if he has none ( ! suit l$1 & ! second h& has already put on a bett] trump ?an any held by ?ird h&1 ! latt] mu/ "u-trump if he c4 ,! w9n] ( "o trick leads = ! next1 z 9 ! ord9>y game4 ,! w9n] ( ! sixte5? or la/ trick c\nts t5 po9ts = x at once4 ,scor+4 ,! po9ts = dix1 melds1 & ! la/ trick are all scor$ ) ! c\nt]s 9 ! ord9>y way1 b ! score = c>ds mu/ be kept m5tally4 ,! mom5t any play] correctly ann\nces t he has rea*$ #ajjj po9ts1 he w9s ! game1 no matt] :at ! o!rs may h scor$4 ,if 8 claim is n correct1 he retires1 & ! two rema9+ play]s f9i% alone4 ,if nei!r w9s ! game t deal1 !y play ! next deal z 9 ord9>y two-h&$ ,b9ocle1 ) a /ock1 ! ultimate w9n] tak+ ! /akes4 ,if x has be5 agre$ t ! l[e/ score pays :5 ! fir/ play] goes out1 ! game is end$ z soon z "o retires4 ,if two play]s rea* #ajjj po9ts )\t ei!r hav+ claim$ ! game1 !y mu/ bo? g on to #abej2 b if ! ?ird play] rea*es & ann\nces #ajjj be=e ei!r ( ! o!rs rea*es #abej1 he w9s ! game4 ,! ,revoke4 ,! individual play] 9 error loses 8 entire score = 8c>ds40 ,! bidd] _c be set back if ei!r adv]s>y revokes4 ,he may dem& t ! h& be play$ out if he ?9ks he c get a good score4 ,,gaigel4 ,?is is sometimes call$ ,%ort ,b9ocle4 ,x is play$ by two p]sons ) ! =ty-eight c>d pack1 & ! melds are r$uc$ to ! foll[+ values3-- ,k+ & ,que5 ( a pla9 suit #bj ,d\ble m>riage 9 ! same suit #dj ,k+ & ,que5 ( trumps #dj ,d\ble m>riage 9 trumps #hj ,any five ,n9es #aja ,two s+le m>riages 9 ! same suit _c be meld$ at diff]5t times4 ,game is #aja po9ts4 ,,f\r-,,h&$ ,,b9ocle4 ,f\r p]sons may play1 ea* = himself1 or two aga9/ two z p>tn]s1 sitt+ opposite ea* o!r4 ,all ! c>ds are dealt1 twelve to ea* play]1 f\r at a "t1 & ! la/ is turn$ up = ! trump4 ,melds are n made until ! play] hold+ !m has play$ to ! fir/ trick4 ,! elde/ h& leads & !n melds2 ! second play] plays & !n melds1 & s on4 ,! c>d play$ to ! fir/ trick may /ill be reckon$ 9 ! melds4 ,play+4 ,! g5]al rules ( play are ! same z 9 ! ?ree-h&$ game2 play]s be+ oblig$ to foll[ suit & to w9 ! trick if able to d s4 ,! f\r? play] mu/ w9 8 p>tn]'s trick if he c1 & any play] :o _c foll[ suit to a trick t is already trump$ mu/ "u-trump if he is unable to ov]-trump4 ,scor+4 ,!re are ?ree ways to score3 ,9 ! fir/1 ea* play] mu/ individually w9 a trick 9 ord] to score 8 melds4 ,9 ! second1 :5 ei!r p>tn] w9s a trick1 ! melds 9 bo? h&s may be scor$4 ,9 bo? ^! ! melds are kept sep>ate4 ,9 ! ?ird1 :5 a play] w9s a trick he may comb9e 8 melds ) ^? ( 8 p>tn] to =m fre% comb9ations1 & ! scores are made z if ! melds ( ! two p>tn]s 7 9 "o h&2 b c>ds previ\sly play$ to ! tricks _c be us$ 9 ^! fre% comb9ations4 ,! c>ds mu/ /ill be on ! table1 unplay$4 ,= ?is reason1 9 ?is /yle ( game ! melds are n tak5 up until "o ( ! p>tn]s w9s a trick4 ,,auction ,,b9ocle4 ,9 ?is v>iation1 ea* ( ?ree or f\r play]s is = himself4 ,! =ty-eight c>ds are dealt out1 f\r at a "t1 b no trump is turn$4 ,beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 ea* play] 9 turn bids a c]ta9 numb] ( po9ts = ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit & ( hav+ ! lead = ! fir/ trick4 ,!re are no second bids4 ,if all pass1 ! deal] mu/ bid tw5ty4 ,z soon z ! trump is nam$1 e play] at ! table makes 8 own melds1 :i* w be good if he w9s a trick4 ,! rules = play are ! same z 9 ! ord9>y ?ree & f\r h&4 ,if f\r play z p>tn]s1 two aga9/ two1 ! elde/ h& always leads = ! fir/ trick1 no matt] :o ! successful bidd] may be4 ,! bidd] always has ! fir/ c\nt at ! end ( ! h&1 & x is usual to play ?is game s _m deals1 in/ead ( s _m po9ts4 ,at ! end ( six deals1 = in/ance1 ! highe/ score is ! w9n]4 ,sometimes ?is game is play$ ) a wid[1 ?ree c>ds :5 ?ree play1 f\r :5 f\r play4 ,ea* play] is all[$ ?ree bids1 & ! successful bidd] turns ! wid[ face up1 s t all may see :at x conta9$4 ,he !n takes ! wid[ into 8 h& & disc>ds :at he pleases1 face d[n1 to r$uce 8 h& to ! same numb] ( c>ds z ! o!r play]s4 ,! trump is n nam$ until aft] ?is disc>d4 ,! bidd] has ! fir/ lead & also ! fir/ c\nt4 ,six deals is a game4 ,,sixty-,,six4 ,sixty-six is "o ( ! simple/ =ms ( ,bzique1 & is an extremely good game = two p]sons ) "o pack ( c>ds4 ,c>ds4 ,sixty-six is play$ ) a pack ( tw5ty-f\r c>ds1 all bel[ ! ,n9e be+ delet$4 ,! c>ds rank1 ,a #aj ,k ,q ,j #i2 ! ,ace be+ ! highe/1 bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,m>k]s4 ,! game may be kept ) ! small c>ds 9 ! unus$ portion ( ! pack1 or ) a :i/ m>k] or c\nt]s4 ,any?+ t w score up to sev5 po9ts w d4 ,play]s4 ,! regul> game is play$ by two p]sons1 "o ( :om is kn[n z ! deal]1 & ! o!r z ! pone4 ,!y cut = seats & deal1 ! highe/ cut hav+ ! *oice4 ,/akes4 ,sixty-six is play$ = s mu* a game1 or = s mu* a po9t1 ! los]'s score be+ d$uct$ f ! w9n]'s4 ,if ! los] has n scor$ at all1 x is usually c\nt$ a d\ble game4 ,deal+4 ,! c>ds hav+ be5 %uffl$ & pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 ! deal] gives six c>ds to ea* play]1 ?ree at a "t1 deal+ fir/ to 8 adv]s>y4 ,!re are sev]al ways ( mak+ ! trump1 "o ( :i* %\ld be agre$ ^u be=e play beg9s4 ,"o way is = ! pone to draw a c>d f ! top1 ! middle1 or ! bottom ( ! talon1 aft] ! deal] has giv5 ea* play] 8 six c>ds4 ,ano!r way is = ! deal] to turn up ! sev5? c>d1 aft] deal+ ! fir/ r\nd ( ?ree to ea* play]4 ,ano!r1 & ! "o g5]ally adopt$ 9 ,am]ica1 is = ! deal] to turn up ! ?irte5? c>d = ! trump1 aft] giv+ six c>ds to ea* play]4 ,! trump c>d is left face upw>d on ! table1 & is usually plac$ "u ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 :i* is slightly spread1 face d[n1 = ! play]s to draw f4 ,! g5]al rules = irregul>ities 9 ! deal are ! same z 9 ,b9ocle4 ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal4 ,objects ( ! ,game4 ,! object ( ! game1 z its "n implies1 is to c\nt sixty-six4 ,if a play] c get sixty-six be=e 8 adv]s>y1 he c\nts "o po9t t[>d game4 ,if he gets sixty-six be=e 8 oppon5t gets ?irty-?ree1 :i* is call$ s*neid]1 he c\nts two4 ,if he gets sixty-six be=e 8 adv]s>y w9s a trick1 :i* is call$ s*w>tz1 he c\nts ?ree4 ,! play] fir/ mak+ sev5 po9ts 9 ?is mann] w9s ! game4 ,a play] may rea* sixty-six by w9n+ tricks conta9+ c]ta9 c\nt+ c>ds2 by hold+ & ann\nc+ m>riages1 :i* are ! ,k+ & ,que5 ( any suit2 & by w9n+ ! la/ trick4 ,! v>i\s c\nts = ^! are z foll[s3-- ,= ,k+ & ,que5 ( trumps1 ,royal ,m>riage1 #dj ,= ,k+ & ,que5 ( any pla9 suit1 ,m>riage1 #bj ,= ! ,ace ( any suit1 #aa ,= ! ,t5 ( any suit1 #aj ,= ! ,k+ ( any suit1 #d ,= ! ,que5 ( any suit1 #c ,= ! ,jack ( any suit1 #b ,= ! la/ or twelf? trick1 #aj ,! m>riages c\nt = ! play] hold+ & ann\nc+ !m2 all o!r po9ts = ! play] actually w9n+ !m4 ,! la/ trick does n c\nt unless x is ! twelf?2 t is1 n unless e c>d is play$4 ,me?od ( ,play+4 ,! pone beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases4 ,! second play] 9 any trick is n oblig$ to foll[ suit1 ev5 9 trumps2 b may r5\nce or trump at pleasure until ! play]s cease to draw f ! /ock4 ,if ! second play] foll[s suit1 ! high] c>d w9s ! trick4 ,trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,draw+4 ,! w9n] ( ! trick takes 9 ! c>ds1 turn+ !m face d[n2 b be=e he leads = ! next trick he draws a c>d f ! top ( ! /ock1 & places x 9 8 h& )\t %[+ or nam+ x4 ,8 adv]s>y !n draws ! next c>d1 s t ea* re/ores ! numb] ( c>ds 9 8 h& to six4 ,! ,trump4 ,if ei!r play] holds or draws ! ,n9e ( trumps1 he may ex*ange x = ! turn-up at any "t1 provid$ he has already won a trick4 ,?is ne$ n be ! trick imm$iately be=e ex*ang+1 & he ne$ n wait to get ! lead be=e mak+ ! ex*ange4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] hold+ ! ,n9e1 & hav+ to play to 8 adv]s>y's lead1 may w9 ! trick ) ! turn-up c>d1 leav+ ! ,n9e 9 its place1 provid$ he has won "s previ\s trick4 ,!re is no c\nt = dix1 z 9 ,bzique & ,b9ocle1 & ! play] is n oblig$ to ex*ange unless he wi%es to d s4 ,if ! ,n9e is ! la/ c>d 9 ! /ock1 x is1 ( c\rse1 too late to ex*ange x1 & ! play] draw+ x mu/ keep x4 ,m>riages4 ,if a play] holds bo? ,k+ & ,que5 ( any suit1 he may c\nt #bj po9ts t[>ds #ff = ! m>riage1 or #dj = royal m>riage1 by lead+ ei!r ( ! m>riage c>ds4 ,x is n necess>y = ! ,k+ or ,que5 s l$ to w9 ! trick2 b ! play] decl>+ a m>riage mu/ h ! lead1 & mu/ h won a trick1 or he _c c\nt x4 ,! pone may decl>e a m>riage on 8 fir/ lead2 b x w n c\nt unless he w9s "s subsequ5t trick1 & if 8 adv]s>y gets to #ff be=e ! pone gets a trick1 ! m>riage is lo/1 & ! pone is s*w>tz4 ,if ! #bj or #dj claim$ = ! m>riage is en\gh to c>ry ! play]'s c\nt to #ff or beyond1 ! m>riage ne$ only be %[n & claim$1 )\t lead+ x1 & ! rema9+ c>ds are !n ab&on$1 provid$ ! c\nt is correct4 ,only "o m>riage c be %[n b n l$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,9 ! ord9>y c\rse ( play x is n necess>y to %[ bo? c>ds ( ! m>riage unless ! adv]s>y asks to see !m4 ,! play] simply leads ! ,k+ or ,que51 & says3 8,tw5ty10 or 8,=ty10 z ! case may be4 ,if he leads a ,k+ or ,que5 )\t claim+ any c\nt1 x is evid5t t he has n a m>riage4 ,if he has simply =gott5 to claim x1 he _c am5d ! error aft] 8 adv]s>y has play$ to ! trick1 & ! score is lo/4 ,to avoid disputes1 c>eful play]s leave "o ( ! m>riage c>ds face up among _! c>ds1 z a rem9d] t a m>riage 0 claim$ 9 t suit1 ei!r by ! play] ) ! c>d turn$1 or by 8 adv]s>y4 ,c\nt+4 ,a play] is n all[$ to make any record ( 8 progress t[>d sixty-six1 b mu/ keep 8 c\nt m5tally4 ,x is highly important to keep bo? y\r own & y\r adv]s>y's c\nt1 9 ord] t y may always "k h[ _m ea* ( y wants to rea* #ff4 ,a play] is n all[$ to g back ov] 8 tricks to refre% 8 memory1 & if he looks at any trick b ! la/ "o turn$ & quitt$1 he loses ! privilege ( 8clos+40 ,all irregul>ities 9 play+ & draw+ are gov]n$ by ! same rules z 9 ,b9ocle4 ,! ,la/ ,six ,tricks4 ,aft] ! /ock is exhau/$1 m>riages may /ill be l$ or %[n1 & scor$2 b ! second play] 9 ea* trick mu/ foll[ suit if he c1 al?\gh he is n oblig$ to w9 ! trick unless he *ooses to d s4 ,if all ! c>ds are play$1 ! w9n] ( ! la/ or twelf? trick1 c\nts #aj = x t[>d 8 #ff4 ,ann\nc+ ,sixty-six4 ,if nei!r ( ! play]s has claim$ to h rea*$ #ff until aft] ! la/ trick is play$1 bo? turn ov] _! c>ds & c\nt _! po9ts4 ,if only "o has rea*$ #ff1 he c\nts "o or two po9ts1 accord+ to 8 adv]s>y's c\nt4 ,if nei!r has rea*$ #ff1 :i* is possible if no m>riages h be5 decl>$2 or if bo? h #ff or m1 & nei!r has claim$ x1 nei!r side scores1 b ! w9n] on ! next deal adds "o to :atev] he may make4 ,= in/ance3 ,a & ,b are adv]s>ies1 & ! la/ trick is play$ )\t ei!r ann\nc+ t he is sixty-six4 ,on c\nt+1 x is f\nd t ,a has #dh po9ts & a m>riage1 #fh altoge!r1 :ile ,b has #gb po9ts & ! la/ trick1 #hb altoge!r4 ,nei!r c\nts any?+4 ,on ! next deal let u suppose t ,a makes #ff be=e ,b gets out ( s*neid]1 :i* w give ,a two po9ts4 ,to ^! he adds "o = ! tie on ! la/ deal1 & scores ?ree altoge!r4 ,clos+4 ,clos+ is turn+ ! trump c>d face d[n on ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 :i* signifies t !re %all be no m draw+ f ! /ock1 & t ! second play] 9 ea* trick mu/ foll[ suit if he c1 al?\gh he is n oblig$ to w9 ! trick4 ,a play] c close only :5 he has ! lead1 b hav+ ! lead1 he may close at any "t4 ,! pone may close be=e lead+ = ! fir/ trick2 or aft] w9n+ ! fir/ trick1 & be=e draw+ f ! /ock4 ,! lead] may close aft] "o or m tricks h be5 play$1 & he may close )\t draw+ f ! /ock2 or he may draw1 & !n close4 ,if ! lead] closes )\t draw+1 8 adv]s>y mu/ play )\t draw+4 ,:5 ! /ock is clos$1 ! play] hold+ ! ,n9e ( trumps may /ill ex*ange x = ! trump c>d1 :e!r he is ! clos] or n1 provid$ he has previ\sly won a trick4 ,x is usual = ! clos]1 if he does n hold ! ,n9e himself1 to take up ! trump c>d & (f] x to 8 adv]s>y4 ,?is is an intimation t he is ab\t to turn x d[n if 8 adv]s>y does n want x4 ,x is sometimes bett] n to ex*ange :5 ! game is clos$1 z x may give ! adv]s>y a good c\nt+ c>d if he c cat* all y\r trumps4 ,!re is no score = ! la/ trick :5 ! game is clos$1 because ! numb] ( tricks play$ w !n be less ?an twelve4 ,z clos+ gives peculi> advantages to ! clos]1 !re are c]ta9 =feits if a p]son closes & fails to rea* #ff4 ,!re are ?ree v>ieties ( clos+1 :i* are z foll[s3-- ,if1 dur+ ! play ( ! h&1 ei!r play] ?9ks he has rea*$ #ff1 he closes1 & turns ov] ! tricks he has already won4 ,if he is correct1 he scores "o1 two1 or ?ree po9ts1 accord+ to ! condition ( 8 adv]s>y's c\nt4 ,b if he is n correct1 & has n q rea*$ #ff1 8 adv]s>y scores two po9ts 9 any case1 & if ! non-clos] _h n won a trick up to ! "t ! /ock 0 clos$1 he scores ?ree2 because t is ! numb] ! clos] w\ld h won if he _h be5 correct 9 8 c\nt4 ,if a play] ?9ks he w\ld h a bett] *ance to rea* #ff fir/ if 8 adv]s>y 0 compell$ to foll[ suit1 he may close ! /ock4 ,= in/ance3 ,a's m5tal c\nt is #ce1 & he holds 9 8 h& a m>riage1 & ! ,ace ( ano!r pla9 suit2 b no trumps4 ,if he closes at once1 & leads ! ,ace1 8 adv]s>y w h to foll[ suit1 & ! #aa po9ts w put ! clos+ play] to #df4 ,he c !n %[ 8 m>riage1 )\t lead+ x1 & claim #ff4 ,b if ! adv]s>y %\ld turn out to h none ( ! suit l$1 & %\ld trump ! ,ace1 ,a might nev] rea* #ff1 & ,b w\ld c\nt two po9ts4 ,a play] may close1 hop+ to make s*neid] or s*w>tz4 ,= in/ance3 ,a kn[s 8 score is #ac1 :ile ,b has #cb4 ,a has royal m>riage & ,ace ( trumps 9 8 h&1 & ! ,n9e is turn$ up4 ,if ,a closes1 & s compels ,b to foll[ suit1 he mu/ cat* ! ,jack or ,t5 ( trumps by lead+ ! ,ace4 ,if he cat*es ! ,jack1 t w put him to #bf1 & %[+ ! royal m>riage w put him #ff1 & make ,b s*neid]4 ,if ,b has no trump1 "o ( ! m>riage c>ds c be l$ )\t any fe> ( los+ x1 & t w put ,a to #ff1 ev5 if ,b plays a ,n9e to bo? leads4 ,b if ,a leads ! ace ( trumps )\t clos+1 ,b is n compell$ to foll[ suit1 & might play ! ,n9e ( a pla9 suit to ! ,ace ( trumps4 ,if ,a !n clos$ or play$ on )\t clos+1 ,b might w9 "o ( ! m>riage c>ds ) ! ,t51 & n only get out ( s*neid]1 b rea* #ff 9 pla9 suits be=e ,a c\ld w9 ano!r trick4 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 a play] may ?9k he c rea* #ff be=e 8 adv]s>y c w9 a trick1 provid$ he c compel him to foll[ suit4 ,) two pla9-suit ,aces & ! royal m>riage1 ! pone w\ld close be=e play+ to ! fir/ trick1 tru/+ to cat* at lea/ #d po9ts ) 8 two aces1 & !n to %[ ! m>riage1 mak+ 8 adv]s>y s*w>tz4 ,"s judgm5t is necess>y 9 decid+ :e!r or n to draw be=e clos+4 ,if a play] is all[$ to draw1 he may get a trump1 or a gu>d to "o t y suspect he has4 ,suppose he has ex*ang$ ! ,n9e = ! ,t51 & y h ,ace & royal m>riage2 x is v likely t ! ,t5 is ungu>d$1 & if y close )\t draw+ y may cat* x1 :i* w make y\r ?ree trumps alone good = #fh4 ,?is also %[s t ! play] %\ld n h tak5 up ! ,t5 until he want$ to use x4 ,no?+ is ga9$ by clos+1 except compell+ ! adv]s>y to foll[ suit2 because if y close to make him s*w>tz1 & he gets a trick1 y c\nt two only2 if y close to make him s*neid]1 & he gets out1 y c\nt "o only4 ,if y fail 9 ! fir/ case1 he c\nts ?ree1 & any failure w give him two po9ts4 ,,?ree-,,h&$ ,,sixty-,,six4 ,?is is exactly ! same z ! ord9>y game1 except t ! deal] takes no c>ds1 b scores :atev] po9ts are won on ! h& he deals4 ,if nei!r ( ! o!rs score1 ei!r ?r\gh ea* mak+ #fe1 or "o fail+ to claim #ff1 ! deal] scores "o po9t1 & ! o!rs get no?+4 ,! deal] _c g out on 8 own deal4 ,he mu/ /op at six1 & w9 out by 8 own play4 ,!re are two ways to settle3 ,ea* may pay a c]ta9 am\nt to ! pool1 & ! fir/ man out take x all2 or1 aft] "o is out1 ! two rema9+ f9i% ! game1 & ! los] pays bo? or settles = ! refre%m5ts1 z ! case may be4 ,if ! fir/ man goes out :5 x w be 8 turn to deal1 he mu/ deal ! next h&4 ,,f\r-,,h&$ ,,sixty-,,six ,?is game is sometimes call$ ,kreutz-m>iage1 ow+ to ! ,g]man fa%ion ( deal+ ! c>ds 9 ! =m ( a cross2 b z ! c>ds are n dealt t way1 & m>riages are n scor$ 9 ,am]ica1 ! "n is n appropriate 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! pack is increas$ to ?irty-two c>ds by ! addition ( ! ,sev5s & ,eights4 ,aft] ! c>ds are cut by ! pone1 ! deal] gives ?ree to ea* play] on ! fir/ r\nd1 !n two1 & !n ?ree aga91 turn+ up ! la/ c>d = ! trump4 ,9 ,g]many ! deal] fir/ gives two c>ds to 8 p>tn]1 !n two to 8 left h& adv]s>y1 !n two to 8 "r h& adv]s>y1 & f9ally two to himself4 ,?is is cont9u$ = f\r r\nds1 s t ea* play] receives eight c>ds1 & ! la/ is turn$ up = ! trump4 ,! turn$-up trump belongs to ! deal]1 & _c be ex*ang$4 ,9 ?is =m ( ! game ! play]s mu/ n only foll[ suit1 b mu/ w9 ! trick if !y c1 & mu/ trump & ov]-trump if possible4 ,a play] is ev5 oblig$ to w9 8 p>tn]'s trick4 ,ow+ to ?is rule1 a play] ) good pla9 suit c>ds w usually attempt to exhau/ ! trumps z rapidly z possible4 ,! c\nt+ c>ds are ! same z 9 ,sixty-six1 & ! w9n] ( ! la/ trick c\nts #aj4 ,z !re is no /ock1 !re is no clos+2 & z m>riages are n c\nt$ 9 ,am]ica1 ! #ff po9ts mu/ be made on c>ds alone4 ,! scores = s*neid] & s*w>tz are ! same z 9 ,sixty-six1 & sev5 po9ts is game4 ,!re are #acj po9ts made 9 e deal1 s if "o side gets m ?an #ff & less ?an #ajj1 _! adv]s>ies mu/ be out ( s*neid]1 & ! w9n]s c\nt "o4 ,m ?an #ajj1 b less ?an #acj is s*neid]1 & c\nts two4 ,if ! w9n]s take e trick1 mak+ #acj po9ts1 !y score ?ree4 ,sometimes an extra po9t is scor$ = w9n+ ! ,t5 ( trumps3 b su* a c\nt is q =eign to ! game4 ,,national ,,games4 ,!re are c]ta9 games ( c>ds :i* d n seem to belong to any p>ticul> family1 b /& ap>t f o!r games1 & h be5 play$ s9ce _! fir/ inv5tion ) only trifl+ v>iations1 giv+ rise to no (f%oots be>+ o!r names4 ,^! are usually ! mo/ popul> games ) ! middle & l[] classes 9 ! c\ntries 9 :i* !y are f\nd1 & may be consid]$ z di/9ctly national 9 "*4 ,games t become popul> ) ! masses always la/ long] ?an o!rs1 & ! rules gov]n+ !m are mu* bett] und]/ood1 & m firmly e/abli%$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( a c5tury ! ,engli% ari/ocracy h run ! gamut ( ,quadrille1 ,ombre1 ,:i/1 c>t1 ,bzique1 ,piquet1 ,rubicon1 & ,bridge2 :ile ! middle classes h /uck /eadily to ,cribbage = ne>ly two hundr$ ye>s4 ,six ( ^! popul> games are /rik+ly typical ( ! national "*1 bo? 9 _! con/ruction1 & 9 ! mann] ( play+ !m4 ,^! are3 ,skat 9 ,g]many2 ,cribbage 9 ,engl&2 ,piquet 9 ,france2 ,conquian 9 ,mexico2 ,calabrasella 9 ,italy2 & ,cass9o 9 ,am]ica4 ,all ^! are excell5t games1 & h des]v$ly surviv$ mu* m pret5ti\s rivals4 ,) ! exception ( ,skat1 little is kn[n ( ! exact orig9 ( any ( ^! games1 al?\gh mo/ ( !m may be trac$ by _! resemblance to m anci5t =ms4 ,skat is ! mo/ mod]n1 & to-day ! mo/ popul>1 _m p]sons ?9k+ x sup]ior to ,:i/4 ,! game seems to h orig9at$ among ! f>m]s ( ,?ur+ia1 a prov9ce ( ,saxony1 & 0 probably a v>iation ( ! ,w5di% game ( ,s*apskopf4 ,! fir/ m5tion ( ,skat t we c f9d is 9 an article 9 ! 8,o/]lnd] ,bltt]n10 9 #ahah4 ,?irty ye>s lat] ,pr(essor ,hempel ( ,alt5burg publi%$ ! rules & pr9ciples ( ! game "u ! title3 8,das ,skatspiel1 von ,j4,f4,l4,h40 ,x is said t he le>n$ ! game f a fri5d1 :o _h be5 taught x by a ,w5di% coa*man 9 8 employ4 ,! game spread rapidly1 & soon became popul> all ov] ,g]many1 b ) _m m9or v>iations 9 ! details ( play4 ,to settle ^!1 a ,skat congress 0 f9ally held 9 ,alt5burg 9 #ahhf4 ,?is 0 succe$$ by o!rs 9 ,leipzic & ,dresd51 & ! result ( ^! meet+s has be5 to we$ out all ! m9or diff]5ces 9 play1 & to settle ^u a univ]sal code ( laws = ! game1 :i* is call$ ,rei*s-,skat4 ,9 ,am]ica1 ,rei*s-,skat is no long] play$2 ! value ( "s ( ! games is *ang$1 & all ! bidd+ is by ,zahl5-reiz54 ,9 all ! text-books on ,skat :i* we h exam9$1 ?is fact has be5 entirely ov]look$4 ,,skat4 ,! etymology ( ! ^w ,skat1 sometimes spelt ,scat1 is a matt] ( d\bt1 b ! mo/ plausible explanation is t x is a corruption ( "o ( ! t]ms 9 ! p>5t game ( ,t>oc2 8sc>t10 f 8sc>to10 :at is left2 or 8sc>t>e10 to disc>d or reject4 8,matadore0 is ano!r ^w f ! game ( ,t>oc1 /ill reta9$ 9 ,skat4 ,o!rs attribute ! ^w to 8,skatt10 ! ,old-,g]man or ,anglo-,saxon = money2 ! mod]n ,g]man1 8,s*atz10 a treasure1 ref]r+ to ! =ms ( ! game 9 :i* good c\nt+ c>ds are laid aside 9 ! skat = ! c\nt at ! end ( ! h&4 ,?is d]ivation w\ld acc\nt = bo? spell+s ( ! ^w1 ) a 8k0 & ) a 8c40 ,! /ud5t is advis$ to make himself famili> ) ! ,g]man t]ms 9 ! foll[+ description1 z !y are 9 common use :]ev] skat is play$4 ,_m ,am]ican play]s :o use ! ,engli% language 9 bidd+ by figures1 /ill adh]e to ! ,g]man names = ! suits & positions at ! table4 ,,c>ds4 ,skat is play$ ) a pack ( ?irty-two c>ds1 all bel[ ! ,sev5 be+ delet$4 ,! rank ( ! c>ds diff]s accord+ to :e!r ! play]s are attempt+ to w9 or to lose tricks4 ,if ! object is to w9 tricks1 x is kn[n z a 8game20 if ! object is to lose1 x is call$ a 8nullo40 ,9 nullo ! c>ds rank 9 _! natural ord]2 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g1 ! ,ace be+ ! highe/4 ,9 ! v>i\s 8games10 ! f\r ,jacks are always ! be/ trumps1 & are kn[n z ,w5zels4 ,! o!r c>ds foll[ ! usual ,g]man rank2 ,a #aj ,k ,q #i #h #g1 ! ,ace be+ ! highe/ 9 pla9 suits4 ,! ,g]man names = ! c>ds are z foll[s2--,jack3 ,w5zel1 ,bau]n1 ,bube1 ,jung51 or ,unt]4 ,ace3 ,z1 or ,daus4 ,t51 ,zehn4 ,k+1 ,knig4 ,que53 ,dame1 ,ob]1 or ,knig54 ,n9e1 ,neun4 ,eight1 ,a*t4 ,sev51 ,sieb54 ,! mo/ common t]ms are2 ,bube1 ,z1 ,zehn1 ,knig1 ,dame1 etc4 ,! words ,unt] & ,ob] = ! ,jack & ,que51 ref] to ! mann] ( m>k+ ! suits on ! ,g]man c>ds4 ,9 ! ,que5s1 ! m>k ( ! suit is always above ! figure1 :i* has a s+le head2 9 ! ,jacks ! suit m>k is always "u ! figure4 ,?is di/9ction is necess>y1 because 9 ! ,g]man c>ds ! ,que5 is a male figure4 ,! ,k+ has two suit m>ks1 "o on ea* side ( ! head4 ,:5 ! ,fr5* or ,am]ican d\ble-head c>ds are us$1 ) suit-m>ks 9 bo? corn]s1 ! words 8ob]0 & 8unt]0 h no mean+2 ,dame & ,bube be+ us$ in/ead4 ,rank ( ! ,suits4 ,9 addition to ! rank ( ! c>ds !mselves1 ! suits outrank "o ano!r1 except 9 ,nullo1 clubs be+ always ! be/1 !n spades1 he>ts & diamonds4 ,! ,g]mans h v>i\s names = ! suits1 t fir/ giv5 9 ea* in/ance be+ 9 common use among mod]n ,g]mans4 ,clubs3 ,kreuz1 ,trefle1 ,ei*eln1 ,eck]n1 or ,bran4 ,spades3 ,pique1 ,s*pp51 ,laub1 or ,grn4 ,he>ts3 ,h]tz51 ,cur1 or ,ro?4 ,diamonds3 ,c>reau1 ,s*ell51 ,eck/e91 ,ru!n1 or ,gelb4 ,9 ! ,g]man notation ( c>d games & problems1 ! suits are indicat$ by ! ,fr5* t]ms3 clubs1 tr = trefle2 spades1 p = pique2 he>ts1 co = cur2 diamonds1 c> = c>reau4 ,! c>ds are indicat$ by ! initials2 ,a ,k ,d ,b ,z #i #h #g1 :i* /& = ,z1 ,knig1 ,dame1 ,bube1 ,zehn1 etc4 ,! w9n+ c>d 9 ea* trick is always pr9t$ 9 full-fac$ type4 ,! c>ds ( ea* suit are divid$ into two p>ts1 kn[n z c\nt+ c>ds1 ,zahlk>t51 & ^? hav+ no c\nt+ value2 ,fehlk>tet5 or ,ladons4 ,! c\nt+ c>ds & _! values are z foll[s3--,ace #aa1 ,t5 #aj1 ,k+ #d1 ,que5 #c1 & ,jack #b4 ,^! are us$ 9 reckon+ up ! value ( ! tricks won by ea* side 9 c\nt+ t[>d #fa 9 all ! 8games10 b n 9 ,nullo4 ,! ,sev51 ,eight & ,n9e h no c\nt+ value4 ,! rank ( ! suits has no influ5ce on _! trick-tak+ p[]s1 nor on ! value ( ! ,zahlk>t52 b x increases or dim9i%es ! value ( ! 8game0 play$ =4 ,:5 any suit is made ! trump1 x takes ! prec$5ce ( ! ?ree o!rs only 9 s f> z trumps w w9 o!r suits1 & ! suits :i* are n trumps are equal 9 value s f> z trick-tak+ is conc]n$4 ,z ! f\r ,w5zels are always ! highe/ trumps1 !re w always be elev5 c>ds 9 ! trump suit1 & sev5 9 ea* ( ! pla9 suits2 s t if clubs 7 trumps1 ! rank ( ! c>ds w\ld be3-- ,illu/ration3 ,9 any ( ! o!r suits ! rank w\ld be3-- ,illu/ration3 ,matadores4 ,! club ,jack is always ! be/ trump1 & e trump c>d 9 unbrok5 sequ5ce ) ! club ,jack is call$ a ,matadore1 provid$ ! sequ5ce is 9 ! h& ( ! same play]4 ,?is rule holds :e!r ! sequ5ce 0 9 ! h& orig9ally dealt to him or "p ( x is f\nd 9 ! ,skat1 %\ld he become possess$ ( ! ,skat c>ds4 ,= in/ance3 ,clubs are trumps1 & a play] holds ^! c>ds3-- ,illu/ration3 ,he has only "o ,matadore2 b z ! ,skat c>ds w belong to him if he has made ! trump1 he may f9d 9 !m ! spade ,jack1 :i* w\ld complete 8 sequ5ce1 giv+ him six ,matadores1 in/ead ( "o4 ,z "o side or ! o!r mu/ h ! club ,jack 9 e deal1 !re mu/ always be a c]ta9 numb] ( ,matadores1 f "o to elev54 ,if ! play] :o makes ! trump has !m1 he is said to play ) s _m2 if 8 adv]s>ies hold !m1 he is said to play )\t j z _m z !y hold4 ,! difficult ?+ = ! beg9n] at ,skat to und]/& is t :e!r a play] holds ! ,matadores or n1 ! numb] ( !m has exactly ! same influ5ce on ! value ( 8 game4 ,if "o play] held ^! c>ds ,illu/ration3 & wi%$ to make he>ts trumps1 he w\ld be play+ 8) two40 ,if ano!r play] wi%$ to make ! same suit trumps ) ^! c>ds3-- ,illu/ration3 he w\ld be play+ 8)\t two10 & ! value ( ea* game w\ld be exactly ! same1 no matt] :i* play] actually made ! trump4 ,matadores mu/ be held2 !y d n c\nt if won f ! adv]s>ies 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,,m>k]s4 ,c\nt]s ( any k9d are n us$ 9 ,skat1 z ! score is kept on a writ+ pad1 :i* %\ld be rul$ into v]tical columns = ! numb] ( play]s engag$4 ,,play]s4 ,skat is play$ by ?ree p]sons4 ,if !re are f\r at ! table ! deal] takes no c>ds1 b %>es ! =tunes ( ^? :o are oppos$ to ! s+le play]1 w9n+ & los+ on ea* h& :atev] !y w9 & lose4 ,if !re are five or six at ! table1 ! deal] gives c>ds to ! two on 8 left1 & ! "o next him on ! "r4 ,^? hold+ no c>ds %>e ! =tunes ( ! two :o are oppos$ to ! s+le play]4 ,aft] ! table is =m$1 no "o c jo9 ! game )\t ! cons5t ( all ^? already 91 & !n only aft] a r\nd2 t is1 aft] ea* play] at ! table has _h an equal numb] ( deals4 ,%\ld any play] cut into a table dur+ ! progress ( a game1 he mu/ take 8 seat at ! "r ( ! play] :o dealt ! fir/ h&4 ,:5 six p]sons (f] = play1 x is mu* bett] to =m two tables1 b "s p]sons object to play+ cont9u\sly1 & l ! re/ giv5 to ! deal] :5 m ?an ?ree play4 ,!re are always ?ree active play]s 9 ,skat4 ,! "o :o makes ! trump is call$ ! play]1 or ,spiel]2 ! two oppos$ to him are call$ ! adv]s>ies1 or ,gegn]s2 :ile ^? :o hold no c>ds are call$ im ,skat1 or ,!ilnehm]4 ,( ! ?ree active play]s1 ! "o :o leads = ! fir/ trick is call$ ,vorh&2 ! second play] is call$ ,mittelh&1 & ! ?ird ,h9t]h&4 ,! p]son sitt+ on ! deal]'s "r1 to :om ! c>ds are pres5t$ to be cut1 is call$ ! pone4 ,no p]son is all[$ to )draw f ! game )\t giv+ notice 9 advance1 & he c retire only at ! end ( a r\nd ( deals4 ,x is usual to give notice at ! beg9n+ ( a r\nd1 by say+3 8,?is is my la/40 ,,cutt+4 ,positions at ! table are drawn =1 ! c>ds rank+ z 9 play1 ,jacks be+ ! be/1 & ! suits outrank+ "o ano!r 9 ord]1 s t !re c be no ties 9 cutt+4 ,! l[e/ cut has ! fir/ *oice ( seats1 & also deals ! fir/ h&4 ,x is usual = ! play] sitt+ on ! "r ( ! fir/ deal] to keep ! score1 s t "o may always "k :5 a r\nd ends4 ,,/akes4 ,skat is play$ = s mu* a po9t1 & ! s+le play] w9s f or loses to ea* ( ! o!rs at ! table4 ,a c5t a po9t is consid]$ a pretty /iff game1 half a c5t be+ m common 9 good clubs4 ,_m play = a fif?1 or ev5 a t5? ( a c5t a po9t4 ,at half a c5t a po9t1 t5 doll>s w usually cov] a run ( pretty bad luck 9 an ev5+'s play4 ,,deal+4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! game ! c>ds %\ld be c\nt$ & ?or\ghly %uffl$1 & %uffl$ at lea/ ?ree times be=e ea* deal !reaft]4 ,! deal] pres5ts ! pack to ! pone to be cut1 & at lea/ five c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,! c>ds are dealt f left to "r 9 rotation1 & ! deal passes to ! left 9 regul> ord]4 ,only ?ree p]sons at ! table receive c>ds1 no matt] h[ _m are 9 ! game4 ,if !re are f\r play]s1 ! deal] gives himself no c>ds4 ,if !re are five or six play]s1 ! fir/ two on ! deal]'s left & ! pone receive c>ds4 ,! o!r p]sons at ! table are said to be 8im ,skat10 because !y are laid aside = t deal4 ,! c>ds may be di/ribut$ 9 sev]al ways1 b :i*ev] mann] ! fir/ deal] selects mu/ be cont9u$ dur+ ! game1 bo? by ! orig9al deal]1 & by ! o!rs at ! table4 ,t5 c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]1 & two are dealt face d[nw>d 9 ! c5tre ( ! table = ! ,skat4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,! c>ds mu/ be dealt1 ?ree c>ds to ea* play]1 !n two to ! ,skat2 !n f\r to ea* play] aga91 & f9ally ?ree4 ,irregul>ities 9 ! ,deal4 ,if ! pack is f\nd to be imp]fect1 ! deal 9 :i* ! error is discov]$ is void2 b any previ\s scores or cuts made ) t pack /& good4 ,if ! c>ds h n be5 cut1 or if a c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 or if ! deal] exposes a c>d 9 deal+1 any active play] :o has n look$ at 8 c>ds may dem& a fre% deal by ! same deal]4 ,if ! deal] gives too _m or too few c>ds to any play]1 he mu/ %uffle & deal aga94 ,if ! error is n discov]$ until ! h& is p>tly play$ out1 ! deal is void1 & ! misdeal] deals aga94 ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal "u any circum/ances1 b x is usual to exact a p5alty ( t5 po9ts = a misdeal4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! object ( ea* play] is to obta9 ! privilege ( attempt+ to accompli% a c]ta9 task1 :i* is kn[n z 8 8game10 & :i* he mu/ be able to c>ry ?r\gh successfully aga9/ ! comb9$ ef=ts ( ! two o!r play]s4 ,! m difficult ! task und]tak51 ! great] ! numb] ( po9ts scor$ = x1 & ! play] :o w und]take ! game :i* is ( ! greate/ value ( ^? (f]$ mu/ be all[$ ! privilege ( try+ x4 ,9 ord] to det]m9e :i* play] ?is is1 !y may all bid = ! privilege by nam+ a c]ta9 numb] ( po9ts1 usually well )9 ! actual value ( ! game !y int5d to play4 ,if a bidd] meets ) opposition1 he gradually approa*es ! true value ( 8 game1 & ! play] ^: game is wor? ! mo/ w ( c\rse be able to bid ! greate/ numb] ( po9ts1 & mu/ be select$ z ! play]1 ! two o!rs be+ 8 adv]s>ies4 ,games4 ,^! games are divid$ into two pr9cipal classes1 ^? 9 :i* ! play] und]takes to w91 & ^? 9 :i* he tries to lose4 ,:5 he plays to lose1 x is to lose e trick1 !re be+ no trump suit1 & ! c>ds 9 ea* suit rank+ ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g4 ,^! games are call$ ,null1 or ,nullo1 & ,null ,ouv]t1 ! latt] be+ play$ ) ! successful bidd]'s c>ds expos$ face upw>d on ! table1 b n liable to be call$4 ,! mom5t he w9s a trick 9 a ,nullo1 he loses 8 game4 ,nullos are q =eign to ,skat1 & appe> to h be5 introduc$ z a consolation = play]s :o always hold bad c>ds4 ,:5 ,rams* is play$1 ! object is to take less ?an ei!r ( ! o!r play]s2 b ! c>ds rank z 9 ! ord9>y game1 except t ! f\r ,jacks are ! only trumps4 ,9 all o!r games ! successful bidd] und]takes to w92 b 8 success does n dep5d on ! numb] ( tricks he takes 91 b on ! total value ( ! c\nt+ c>ds conta9$ 9 ^? tricks4 ,! total value ( all ! c\nt+ c>ds is #abj po9ts1 & to be successful1 ! s+le play] mu/ w9 at lea/ #fa4 ,if he succe$s 9 w9n+ #fa or m po9ts1 he w9s 8 game1 :atev] x may be4 ,if he c get #ia po9ts1 he w9s a d\ble game1 :i* is call$ s*neid]4 ,if he c take e trick1 he w9s a treble game1 :i* is call$ s*w>tz4 ,x is n en\gh to w9 #abj po9ts1 = if ! adv]s>ies w9 a s+le trick1 ev5 if x conta9s no c\nt+ c>ds1 !y save ! s*w>tz4 ,if ! s+le play] fails to rea* #fa1 he loses4 ,if he fails to rea* #ca1 he is s*neid]2 & if he fails to take a trick he is s*w>tz4 ,^! v>i\s results increase ! value ( ! game1 z w pres5tly be se54 ,!re are f\r v>ieties ( games 9 :i* ! successful bidd] plays to w91 ! diff]5ce be+ 9 ! mann] ( us+ ! skat c>ds1 & mak+ ! trump4 ,^! games are call$ ,frage1 ,t\rn1 ,solo1 & ,gr&1 & !y outrank "o ano!r 9 ! ord] giv51 ,frage be+ ! l[e/4 ,! fir/ ?ree3 ,frage1 ,t\rn & ,solo1 are ea* aga9 divid$ into f\r p>ts1 accord+ to ! suit :i* is trumps2 a ,t\rn 9 clubs be+ bett] ?an "o 9 spades2 a ,solo 9 he>ts be+ bett] ?an "o 9 diamonds1 & s on4 ,?is is 9 accordance ) ! rank ( ! suits already m5tion$ 9 ! p>agraph devot$ to t subject4 ,9 a ,frage1 or ,simple ,game1 ! successful bidd] takes bo? ! skat c>ds into 8 h&1 & !n decl>es :i* suit %all be ! trump2 disc>d+ two c>ds face d[nw>d = 8 s*atz1 or treasure1 be=e play beg9s4 ,! two c>ds ?us laid aside c\nt = ! s+le play] at ! end ( ! h&1 provid$ he takes a trick1 & !y _c be won by ! adv]s>ies unless !y make ! s+le play] s*w>z4 ,frage is no long] play$4 ,9 a ,t\rn1 ! successful bidd] turns "o ( ! skat c>ds face upw>d on ! table be=e look+ at ! second c>d4 ,he may turn ov] :i*ev] c>d he pleases1 b ! "o he turns fixes ! trump suit = t h&4 ,if ! c>d turn$ ov] is a ,jack1 he may *ange to a ,gr&2 b he mu/ d s be=e he sees ! second c>d 9 ! ,skat4 ,if ! play] does n l ! fir/ c>d he turns1 he ne$ n %[ x1 b may put x 9 8 h& & turn ! o!r4 ,?is second "o mu/ be ! trump2 or a ,gr& may be play$ if ! c>d is a ,jack4 ,9 case ! game is lo/ aft] tak+ ! second c>d1 x co/s d\ble4 ,?is is call$ ,pas/ mir ,ni*t4 ,9 a ,solo1 ! skat c>ds are n t\*$1 ! successful bidd] nam+ ! trump to suit ! h& ( t5 c>ds orig9ally dealt him4 ,! ,skat belongs to him1 z 9 ,frage & ,t\rn1 b he mu/ n see its cont5ts until ! h& is play$ out1 :5 any po9ts & ,matadores x may conta9 w c\nt = him4 ,9 a ,gr& !re is no trump suit1 ! f\r ,jacks be+ ! only trumps 9 play4 ,^! f\r c>ds pres]ve _! relative suit value1 ! club ,jack be+ ! be/1 & !y are /ill ,matadores4 ,!re are f\r v>ieties ( ,gr&3 ,a t\rn play] may make x a ,gr& if he turns up a ,jack4 ,?is is call$ a ,gr& ,t\rn4 ,a play] may make x a gr& )\t see+ ei!r ( ! skat c>ds4 ,?is is call$ a ,gr& ,solo4 ,a play] may ann\nce a ,gr& & lay 8 c>ds face up on ! table2 expos$1 b n liable to be call$4 ,?is is call$ a ,gr& ,ouv]t4 ,a ,frage _c be play$ z a ,gr& "u any circum/ances4 ,a play] may ann\nce ,gucki ,gr&1 :i* means t he w take bo? ! skat c>ds into 8 h& at once1 9 ord] to get ! privilege ( lay+ out any two c>ds he pleases1 b t ,jacks w be ! only trumps4 ,if a ,gucki ,gr& is lo/1 x co/s d\ble4 ,a play] may ann\nce a ,gucki ,nullo1 9 :i* he takes bo? ! skat c>ds into 8 h& & lays out any two c>ds he pleases4 ,?is loses d\ble if x is n successful4 ,revolution is seldom play$4 ,x is a ,nullo 9 :i* ! adv]s>ies put _! tw5ty c>ds toge!r z "o h& to see if !y c make ! play] take a trick4 ,uno & ,duo are ,gr&s1 9 :i* ! s+le play] engages to take "o trick 9 ,uno1 or two 9 ,duo1 nei!r m nor less4 ,,game ,,values4 ,ea* ( ! =ego+ games has :at is call$ a unit ( value1 :i* is aft]w>d multipli$ sev]al times accord+ to ! numb] ( ,matadores1 & :e!r ! game 0 s*neid] or s*w>z4 ,^! unit values are z foll[s1 beg9n+ ) ! l[e/3 ---------------------------------------- ------------------ ,suits ,trumps3-- ,jacks ,trumps3-- ,no ,trumps3-- ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,turn ,solo ,turn$ ,gr& #ab ,gucki ,nullo #ae #e #i ,gucki ,gr& #af 0 if play$ op5 #cj #f #aj ,solo ,gr& #bj ,solo ,nullo #bj #g #aa ,op5 ,gr& #bd 0 if play$ op5 #dj #h #ab ,rams* #bj ,revolution #fj ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,:5 "o play] takes no trick 9 a ,rams*1 ! play] ) ! great] numb] ( po9ts loses #cj4 ,if two play]s take no trick1 ! loss is #ej po9ts4 ,all ,guckis lose d\ble if !y fail1 s t if a play] ann\nces a ,gucki ,nullo & loses x1 he w lose #cj2 b if he won x he w\ld get #ae only4 ,if a play] has a ,gucki ,null ,ouv]t1 he mu/ ann\nce t x is to be play$ op5 be=e he t\*es ! skat c>ds4 ,x is !n wor? #cj if won2 #fj if lo/4 ,pas/-mir-ni*t t\rnes all lose d\ble if !y fail1 b w9 ! usual numb] ( po9ts if !y succe$4 ,multipli]s4 ,! =ego+ are simply ! /&>d c\nt+ values ( ^! v>i\s games4 ,9 calculat+ ! actual value ( a play]'s game1 9 ord] to see h[ mu* he may safely (f] 9 ! bidd+1 & h[ mu* he w\ld w9 if successful 9 8 und]tak+1 ^! /&>d values are multipli$ z foll[s3-- ,five classes ( games are recogniz$1 beg9n+ ) ! l[e/1 9 :i* ! play] gets ! necess>y #fa po9ts1 b does n make 8 adv]s>ies s*neid]4 ,?is is simply call$ 8game10 & z x mu/ always be ei!r won or lo/1 x is a con/ant factor4 ,! value ( ! game is #a1 & ea* bett] game is numb]$ 9 regul> ord]1 ! five v>ieties be+ z foll[s3 ,! ,game1 #a4 ,s*neid]1 #b4 ,s*w>z ann\nc$ or ,s*w>z1 #c4 ,s*w>z aft] ann\nc+ ,s*neid]1 #d4 ,s*w>z ann\nc$1 #e4 ,^! numb]s are add$ to ! numb] ( ,matadores1 & ! total ?us f\nd is multipli$ by ! unit value ( ! game4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] has obta9$ ! privilege ( play+ on a bid ( ?irty4 ,8 game is a ,solo 9 he>ts1 9 :i* he holds ! ?ree highe/ ,matadores & ann\nces s*neid] 9 advance4 ,8 game multipli] is !re=e #c 7= ! ann\nc$ s*neid]71 to :i* he adds #c m = ! ,matadores1 #f altoge!r4 ,! unit value ( a he>t ,solo be+ #aj1 he c\ld h gone on bidd+ to #fj _h x be5 necess>y1 & he w w9 #fj f ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies if he succe$s 9 rea*+ #ia po9ts 9 ! c\nt+ c>ds he takes 9 9 8 tricks1 toge!r ) :at he f9ds 9 ! ,skat4 ,if 8 adv]s>ies got to #cj ) _! c\nt+ c>ds1 he w\ld h lo/ #fj to ea* ( !m1 al?\gh he bid only #cj1 because he ann\nc$ 8 game z s*neid]1 & did n make x4 ,_h he n ann\nc$ ! s*neid]1 & rea*$ #ia or m 9 8 c\nt+ c>ds1 he w\ld h won a game wor? #ej1 los+ ! extra multipli] by n ann\nc+ ! s*neid] 9 advance2 = a s*neid] made )\t ann\nc+ x is wor? only #b4 ,9 reckon+ ! value ( a game x is always saf] to bid on play+ 8)0 ?an 8)\t0 ,matadores 9 a ,solo or ,t\rn2 because1 al?\gh y may h a h& 8)\t f\r10 y may f9d a ,w5zel 9 ! ,skat1 & if x is ! club ,jack y lose ?ree multipli]s at once4 ,,bidd+4 ,! play]s mu/ be famili> ) ! mann] ( comput+ ! v>i\s games 9 ord] to bid ) judgm5t1 & )\t hesitation4 ,suppose y hold ! ?ree highe/ ,matadores ) an av]age h&1 n /rong en\gh 9 any "o suit to play a ,solo1 b good en\gh = a ,t\rn4 ,y\r smalle/ possible game w be diamonds ) ?ree2 :i* w be wor? #e multipli$ by #d2 #a = ! game1 & #c = ! ,matadores1 #bj po9ts4 ,if y c get ! game on any bid less ?an #bj y are absolutely safe1 provid$ y c rea* #fa 9 y\r tricks4 ,b ! opposition ( ano!r play] may irritate y1 reiz51 & provoke y to bid #bd1 or ev5 #bh1 9 ! hope ( turn+ a he>t or a spade4 ,if y g beyond #bj1 & turn a diamond1 y mu/ ei!r f9d ! f\r? ,matadore 9 ! ,skat1 or make y\r adv]s>ies s*neid]1 9 ord] to secure ano!r multipli]4 ,if y fail1 y lose #bd1 or #bh1 accord+ to y\r bid4 ,! great difficulty 9 ,skat is to judge ! value ( a h&1 s z nei!r to "u nor ov]bid x1 & also to get all out ( x t x is wor?4 ,a p]son :o plays a ,frage 9 he>ts :5 he c\ld easily h made x a ,solo1 r$uces ! value ( 8 game j eighty p] c5t4 ,a play] ) ! f\r ,w5zels1 ,a ,k ,q #i #h ( diamonds1 & a los+ c>d1 w\ld be fooli% to play a diamond ,solo ) five1 s*neid] ann\nc$1 wor? #gb2 :ile he _h 9 8 h& a sure ,gr&1 ) f\r1 s*neid] ann\nc$1 wor? #adj4 ,( c\rse ! s*neid] is n a c]ta9ty4 ,! risk is t ! ,t5 ( diamonds w be gu>d$1 & t an ,ace & a ,t5 w make1 bo? ( !m on y\r los+ c>d1 or "o ( !m on ! diamond ,t54 ,a c>eful play] w\ld be satisfi$ ) #ajj on su* a h&1 = if he fails to make ! ann\nc$ s*neid]1 he loses ev]y?+4 ,a play] is n oblig$ to play ! game he orig9ally int5d$ to1 if he ?9ks he has any?+ bett]2 b he mu/ play a game wor? z mu* z he bid1 or ! next high]1 & hav+ once ann\nc$ 8 game1 he mu/ play x4 ,suppose ,vorh& has a spade ,solo ) two1 & on be+ (f]$ #cc says1 8,yes10 ?9k+ ! bidd] w g on to #cf1 in/ead ( :i* he passes4 ,x is v probable t ! bidd] has a spade ,solo )\t two1 & w defeat a spade ,solo ann\nc$ by ,vorh&4 ,if ,vorh& has almo/ z good a game 9 he>ts1 he %\ld *ange1 hop+ to make s*neid]1 or to f9d ano!r ,matadore 9 ! ,skat4 ,if he loses ! game1 a he>t ,solo ) two co/s #cj po9ts2 b z ,vorh& refus$ #cc1 & ! next be/ game he c\ld h made ) a he>t ,solo is #dj1 t is ! am\nt he loses1 al?\gh he refus$ only #cc4 ,me?od ( ,bidd+4 ,! ,vorh& always holds ! play1 & ! ,mittelh& always makes ! fir/ bid1 or passes1 ! ,h9t]h& say+ no?+ until ! propositions made by ! ,mittelh& h be5 f9ally refus$ or pass$ by ! ,vorh&4 ,! usual =mula is = ! ,vorh& to say1 8,h[ _m80 or1 8,i am ,vorh&10 !reupon ! ,mittelh& bids or passes4 ,if ,vorh& has z good a game z (f]$ him he says1 8,yes10 & ,mittelh& mu/ bid high] or pass4 ,if ,vorh& has n z good a game he may ei!r pass1 or bluff ! bidd] into go+ high] by say+1 8,yes40 ,z soon z "o passes1 ! o!r turns to ! ,h9t]h&1 :o mu/ ei!r make a high] bid ?an ! la/1 or pass4 ,! survivor ( ! fir/ two mu/ ei!r say1 8,yes10 to ! (f]s made by ,h9t]h&1 or pass4 ,! f9al survivor !n ann\nces 8 game4 ,x is usual = ! la/ "o to pass to signify t he is done by pu%+ ! skat c>ds t[>d ! survivor1 indicat+ t !y are 81 & t he is ! play]4 ,if a play] is (f]$ a game equal to 8 own he may /ill say1 8,yes20 b if he is (f]$ a bett] game1 & /ill says1 8,yes10 he runs ! risk ( be+ compell$ to play4 ,! old ,g]man way ( bidd+1 adopt$ at ! ,skat ,congresses 9 ,alt5burg1 ,leipzig & ,dresd51 0 to bid 9 suits2 a bid ( club ,solo outrank+ "o ( spade ,solo1 no matt] :at x 0 wor?4 ,?is has long be5 obsolete1 ! objection to x be+ t a play] might get ! play on a game ( mu* inf]ior value4 ,a play] ) a spade ,solo1 six ,matadores1 & s*neid] ann\nc$ c\ld (f] only a spade ,solo1 )\t m5tion+ its value1 & al?\gh 8 game 0 wor? #ii1 he c\ld be outbid by an (f] ( ,nullo1 :i* 0 !n wor? only #bj4 ,?is is contr>y to ! _s ( ! game1 :i* requires t ! p]son (f]+ ! game ( ! greate/ value %all be ! play]4 ,! rank ( ! bids 9 ! old ,g]man game 0 z foll[s1 beg9n+ ) ! l[e/3-- ,frage1 9 ! ord] ( ! suits4 ,t\rn1 9 ! ord] ( ! suits4 ,gr& ,t\rn4 ,solo 9 diamonds1 he>ts & spades4 ,nullo1 wor? #bj4 ,solo 9 clubs4 ,gr& ,solo1 wor? #af4 ,null ouv]t1 wor? #dj4 ,gr& ouv]t4 ,! multipli]s 7 ! same z ^? us$ 9 ! mod]n game1 b ! play] _h no means ( us+ !m 9 8 bids4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ! mod]n value ( ! v>i\s games seeks to pres]ve ! old rank by assum+ ! l[e/ possible bid on any giv5 game4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many x is /ill ! cu/om to reckon ,solos at ! t\rn values1 simply add+ "o multipli] = 8out ( h&40 ,?us a spade ,solo ) two w\ld be reckon$2 8) two1 "o = game1 "o = out ( h&2 f\r times sev51 or tw5ty-eight40 ,note t sev5 is t\rn value = spades4 ,,! ,,skat ,,c>ds4 ,! successful bidd] det]m9$1 ! skat c>ds are pu%$ t[>ds him1 & ! mann] 9 :i* he uses !m limits ! game he is all[$ to play4 ,:ile ! play] mu/ w9 or lose a game wor? z _m z bid1 he may attempt to w9 z _m m z he pleases4 ,if he has got ! play on a bid ( t51 t does n prev5t him f play+ a club ,solo1 ) s*neid] ann\nc$4 ,b if he has bid or refus$ elev51 & plays a t\rn 9 diamonds1 he mu/ make s*neid] or play ) or )\t two ,matadores 9 ord] to br+ 8 multipli]s up to ?ree4 ,x bo? ^! fail him he loses #ae1 ! next high] game ?an 8 bid possible 9 a diamond t\rn4 ,z ,frage is no long] play$ on acc\nt ( its small value1 if ! play] takes bo? ! skat c>ds into 8 h& at ! same "t1 )\t %[+ !m1 8 game mu/ be a ,gucki ,gr&1 unless he has previ\sly ann\nc$ t x is a ,gucki ,nullo4 ,8 game ann\nc$1 he lays out any two c>ds he pleases = 8 skat1 s z to play ) t5 only4 ,if ! play] turns ov] ei!r ( ! skat c>ds1 8 game is limit$ to a t\rn4 ,if he turns a ,jack1 he may *ange to ,gr&1 b n to ,gr& ,ouv]t4 ,nei!r s*neid] nor s*w>z c be ann\nc$ 9 any game 9 :i* ! skat c>ds are us$4 ,a t\rn play] mu/ lay out two skat c>ds to r$uce 8 h& to t5 c>ds4 ,if ! play] nei!r turns ov] nor takes into 8 h& ei!r ( ! skat c>ds1 he may play any ( ! suit ,solos1 ,gr& ,solo1 ,gr& ,ouv]t1 ,nullo1 or ,null ,ouv]t4 ,he may ann\nce s*neid] or s*w>z 9 any ,solo4 ,any play] look+ at ! skat c>ds be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! play is deb>r$ f bidd+ t deal1 & is p5alis$ t5 po9ts 9 ! score4 ,9 addition to ?is p5alty1 ei!r ( ! o!r play]s may dem& a fre% deal4 ,if a play] looks at ! skat c>ds dur+ ! play ( a h& ! play is imm$iately /opp$1 & if he is ! s+le play] he c c\nt only ! po9ts tak5 9 up to t "t1 exclusive ( ! skat4 ,^! po9ts are d$uct$ f #abj1 & 8 adv]s>ies claim ! diff]5ce4 ,! game is !n settl$1 accord+ to ?is c\nt1 exactly z if ! h& _h be5 play$ out4 ,if an adv]s>y ( ! s+le play] looks at ei!r ( ! skat c>ds dur+ ! play ( a h&1 ! s+le play] may at once /op ! game1 & 8 adv]s>ies c c\nt only ! po9ts !y h tak5 9 9 tricks up to t "t4 ,if !y h no tricks !y are s*w>tz2 if !y h n #cj po9ts !y are s*neid]4 ,:5 f\r or m play1 any p]son hold+ no c>ds may be p5alis$ t5 po9ts = look+ at ! skat c>ds4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! successful bidd] hav+ dispos$ ( ! skat c>ds & ann\nc$ 8 game1 ! ,vorh& leads any c>d he pleases = ! fir/ trick4 ,vorh& %\ld be c>eful n to lead until ! play] has laid out or disc>d$ = ! ,skat 9 a ,gucki or a ,t\rn4 ,play]s mu/ foll[ suit if !y c1 b are n oblig$ to w9 ! trick4 ,hav+ none ( ! suit l$1 !y may trump or disc>d at pleasure4 ,! highe/ c>d play$1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,! w9n] ( ! fir/ trick leads = ! next1 & s on1 until all ! c>ds h be5 play$1 or ! game is ackn[l$g$ z won or lo/1 & ab&on$4 ,9 a ,gr&1 if a ,jack is l$1 play]s mu/ foll[ suit ) ! o!r ,jacks1 !y be+ trumps4 ,ab&on$ ,h&s4 ,if ! s+le play] f9ds he has ov]bid himself1 or sees t he _c make z good a game z bid1 he may ab&on 8 h& to save himself f be+ made s*neid] or s*w>z1 provid$ he does s be=e he plays to ! second trick4 ,a ,solo _c be ab&on$ 9 ?is mann]1 z ! rule is made only to all[ a play] to get (f *eaply :o has be5 unlucky 9 f9d+ no?+ 9 ! ,skat to suit 8 h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] has risk$ a ,t\rn ) a miss+ suit1 & turns up t suit4 ,he c ab&on 8 h& at once1 los+ 8 bid or ! next high] game1 b escap+ s*neid]4 ,irregul>ities 9 ! ,h&s4 ,if1 dur+ ! play ( a h&1 any p]son is f\nd to h too _m or too few c>ds1 ! o!rs hav+ _! "r numb]1 x is evid5t t !re has be5 no misdeal if ! pack is p]fect & !re are two c>ds 9 ! ,skat4 ,if ! play] 9 error has too few c>ds1 probably f hav+ dropp$ "o on ! floor1 or hav+ play$ two c>ds to ! same trick1 he loses 9 any case1 b ! adv]s>y may dem& to h ! h& play$ out 9 ord] to try = s*neid] or s*w>z1 & ! la/ trick1 ) ! miss+ c>d1 mu/ be consid]$ z hav+ be5 won by ! side n 9 fault4 ,if ! play] 9 fault is oppos$ to ! s+le play]1 8 p>tn] suff]s ) him4 ,if ! play] discov]s 8 loss1 he is n all[$ to pick ! c>d f ! floor & replace x 9 8 h& if he has 9 ! meantime play$ to a trick ) a wrong numb] ( c>ds4 ,play+ ,out ( ,turn4 ,! usual p5alty 9 ,am]ica = lead+ or play+ out ( turn is ! loss ( ! game if ! error is made by ! adv]s>ies ( ! s+le play]4 ,if by ! play] himself1 ! c>d play$ 9 error mu/ be tak5 back1 & if only "o adv]s>y has play$ to ! false lead1 he may also take back 8 c>d4 ,if bo? h play$1 ! trick /&s good4 ,! s+le play] suff]s no p5alty1 z x is only to 8 own disadvantage to expose 8 h&4 ,! ,revoke4 ,if a play] revokes1 & he is "o ( ! adv]s>ies ( ! s+le play]1 ! game is lo/ = ! play] 9 error2 b he may c\nt ! po9ts 9 8 tricks up to ! "t ! revoke occurr$1 9 ord] to save s*neid] or s*w>z4 ,9 ,nullos1 ! game is lo/ ! mom5t ! revoke is discov]$4 ,see+ ,tricks4 ,! tricks mu/ be kept sep>ate z !y are tak5 91 & any play] is all[$ to look at ! la/ trick turn$ & quitt$4 ,any play] look+ at any o!r trick b ! la/ may be p5aliz$ t5 po9ts4 ,play+ ,ouv]ts4 ,! rules ( ! game require ,ouv]ts to be expos$ face upw>d on ! table be=e a c>d is play$4 ,,scor+4 ,! score %\ld always be kept by ! play] sitt+ on ! "r ( ! fir/ deal]4 ,?is w m>k ! r\nds4 ,! score %eet %\ld be rul$ 9 v]tical columns1 "o = ea* play] at ! table4 ,ea* play] is *>g$ individually ) 8 losses & ga9s1 ! am\nts be+ add$ to or d$uct$ f 8 score1 & a plus or a m9us m>k plac$ 9 front ( ! la/ figure1 s t ! exact /ate ( ea* play]'s score w be app>5t at a glance4 ,! score ( ! s+le play] is ! only "o put d[n1 & x is *>g$ to him z a loss or a ga9 at ! end ( ea* deal4 ,if !re are f\r play]s1 a l9e is drawn "u e f\r? am\nt ent]$ 9 ea* p]son's acc\nt4 ,if ?ree play1 ! l9e is drawn "u e ?ird am\nt4 ,?is sy/em ( scor+ w %[ at once ^: turn x is to deal1 if ! total numb] ( am\nts "u :i* no l9e is drawn are c\nt$ up4 ,= in/ance3 ,?ree p]sons play2 ,a dealt ! fir/ h&4 ,9 ! fir/ ?ree columns are %[n ! am\nts won & lo/ 9 ! ?ree r\nds1 :ile ! la/ ?ree columns %[ ! mann] 9 :i* ^! losses & ga9s 7 ent]$ on ! score %eet3-- ,po9ts won & lo/4 ,score ,c>d4 #a/ ,r\nd4 #bnd ,r\nd4 #crd ,r\nd4 ,a ,b ,c --------------------------------- ------------ ,a won #cc ,a lo/ #af ,c lo/ #cf #cc #dj #ee ,c won #ee ,b won #dj ,b won #dh #ag #hh #fg ,c won #ab ,a lo/ #bd ,c lo/ #ab -#g #ca ---- ---- #ai ,at ! end ( ! second r\nd a l9e 0 drawn "u ,a's acc\nt1 :i* !n conta9$ ?ree items2 & aft] ! fir/ game 9 ! ?ird r\nd a l9e 0 drawn "u ,c's acc\nt4 ,if we suppose ! game to be /opp$ at ?is po9t1 ! scores w\ld be balanc$ z foll[s3 ,we take ! ?ree scores & br+ !m d[n on "o l9e4 ,we draw a l9e "u !m1 & proce$ z foll[s3 ,fir/ we take ,a1 :o has lo/ #g to ,b1 & f :om ,b has also won #hh4 ,?is gives u #ie m9us = ,a & #ie plus = ,b4 ,we !n comp>e ,a & ,c1 & f9d t ,a owes ,c #bf2 put d[n z m9us = ,a1 plus = ,c4 ,we n[ comp>e ,b & ,c1 & f9d t ,b w9s ! diff]5ce1 :i* is #fi po9ts2 put d[n plus = ,b1 m9us = ,c4 ,!n we add up to see t ! scores balance4 --------------- ,a ,b ,c --------------- -#g #hh #ai --------------- -#ie #ie #bf -#bf #fi -#fi --------------- -#aba #afd -#dc --------------- ,! same me?od may be us$ :5 f\r play2 b "s pref] to call ! l[e/ score z]o1 & s make all ! o!rs plus4 ,suppose ! f9al scores 7 z foll[s3 ------------------------------ ,a ,b ,c ,d ------------------------------ #ahf #db #cdd #aaf ------------------------------ #add #j #cjb #gd #ebj #d #d #d #d ------------------------------ #egf #j #abjh #bif -#ebj -#ebj -#ebj -#ebj ------------------------------ #ef -#ebj #fhh -#bbd ------------------------------ ,if ,b is z]o1 8 po9ts are to be tak5 f ^? ( ea* ( ! o!rs1 z ,b is plus4 ,if ! l[ score is a m9us1 ! po9ts mu/ be add$ to ea* ( ! o!rs4 ,! ?ree totals are add$1 & f\nd1 9 ?is case1 to be #ebj1 :i* is ! total ( ,b's loss4 ,we n[ multiply ! scores by ! numb] ( play]s engag$1 9 ?is case f\r1 & f ! product we d$uct ! #ebj already f\nd4 ,!n ! scores balance4 ,:5 ,skat is play$ = ! ,league /ake1 :i* is "o-f\r? ( a c5t a po9t1 ! results may be f\nd 9 a /ill %ort] way by add+ up all ! scores & tak+ an av]age1 ?is av]age be+ ! sum divid$ by ! numb] ( play]s4 ,take ! results j giv5 = example3-- --------------------------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,d --------------------------------------- #ahf #db #cdd #aaf #fhh #d #agb #agb #agb #agb #agb --------------------------------------- #ad -#acj #agb -#ef --------------------------------------- ,! av]age is simply d$uct$ f ea* score1 & ! rema9d] is ! am\nt won or lo/1 9 c5ts4 ,,*eat+4 ,z 9 all games 9 :i* ! c>ds are dealt 9 gr\ps1 ! greek w f9d _m opportunities 9 ,skat4 ,! clumsie/ %uffl] c usually locate "s ( ! ,w5zels at ! top or ! bottom ( ! pack1 be=e pres5t+ x to be cut1 & if ! play]s d n insi/ on ! c>ds be+ dealt always 9 ! same mann]1 ! %>p] c secure to himself two or m ,w5zels1 ei!r 9 8 h& or 9 ! ,skat4 ,any p]son :o deals ! c>ds sometimes ?ree at a "t1 & aga9 five at a "t1 %\ld be /opp$ imm$iately1 & no su* excuses z *ang+ 8 luck %\ld be li/5$ to = a mom5t4 ,any p]son :o habitually picks up ! c>ds ) _! faces t[>ds him1 & /raight5s !m by lift+ !m f _! positions 9 ! pack1 %\ld be /opp$ at once1 & reque/$ to /raight5 ! c>ds face d[n4 ,deal+ seconds is v difficult :5 ! c>ds h to be 8p9*$0 9 ?rees & f\rs4 ,a second deal] hold+ back a ,w5zel on ! top may give 8 adv]s>y two und]nea? )\t kn[+ x4 ,m>k$ c>ds are ( advantage only :5 ! deal] plays1 & are ( little use beyond tell+ him :at he c turn up = a trump1 or :at he w f9d 9 ! ,skat4 ,! rule = hav+ f\r 9 ! game1 if possible1 is "o ( ! greate/ safegu>ds1 unless ! deal] is 9 secret p>tn]%ip ) "o ( ! play]s4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,! *ief ?+s to ma/] 9 ,skat are ! values ( ! h&s1 ! pr9ciples ( bidd+ on !m1 ! be/ me?ods ( play+ !m1 & ! prop] me?ods ( comb9+ =ces ) y\r p>tn] = ! "t be+1 9 ord] to defeat ! s+le play]4 ,bidd+4 ,"s p]sons atta* a great deal ( importance to ! odds = & aga9/ c]ta9 c>ds be+ 9 ! ,skat4 ,if a play] )\t ?ree is =c$ to risk f9d+ a ,matadore 9 ! ,skat1 x is usually en\gh = him to "k t ! odds are ab\t #c to #a aga9/ x4 ,x is mu* m important = him to consid] :at c>ds may make aga9/ him1 & :at !y w\ld c\nt4 ,x is (t5 necess>y to e/imate v closely ! numb] ( po9ts t mu/ fall on a c]ta9 numb] ( leads4 ,= in/ance3 ,y are ,vorh&1 & hold ^! c>ds3-- ,illu/ration3 ,ev5 if y f9d ! ,ace & ,t5 ) ! be/ ,w5zel 9 "o h& aga9/ y1 y h an almo/ c]ta9 club ,solo1 = if y lead a ,w5zel1 y\r adv]s>y mu/ ei!r take x1 or give y ! ,ace or ,t54 ,if he w9s x1 & 8 p>tn] gives him a ,t5 ( ano!r suit1 & !y !n proce$ to make bo? ! ,aces & ,t5s ( y\r weak suits1 t w give !m only #ef po9ts1 & y w make e o!r trick4 ,! only ?+ t c\ld defeat y is = "o play] on ! f\r? trick to lead a suit ( :i* 8 p>tn] _h none4 ,?is w\ld require "o play] to h all ! spades & ! o!r all ! he>ts1 :i* is almo/ impossible4 ,ano!r famili> example is ! foll[+3 ,y are ,vorh& ) ^! c>ds3-- ,illu/ration3 ,al?\gh y _c possibly w9 m ?an six tricks1 & mu/ lose e trick 9 ! r$ suits1 y h an inv9cible ,gr&2 because ! adv]s>ies h n a suffici5t numb] ( ,fehlk>t5 to give y to avoid add+ #af po9ts to ! #df y already h 9 y\r h&1 :i* mu/ make y #fb be=e !y get a trick4 ,x is bett] to bid on a d\btful ,solo ?an on a risky ,t\rn1 & if y h a *oice ( two num]ically equal suits1 x is bett] to bid on a suit conta9+ small c>ds 9 pref]5ce to "o conta9+ ,a #aj4 ,9 bidd+ ,t\rns1 y mu/ rememb] t ! m c>ds y hold ( a suit1 ! less y\r *ance to turn up "o4 ,x is n good play to bid a ,solo on f\r or five trumps unless y h "s aces 9 ! o!r suits4 ,a ,gr& may be bid ev5 )\t a trump1 if y h ! lead1 & hold f\r aces1 or ?ree aces & f\r ,t5s4 ,a ,gr& ) any two ,w5zels is safe if y h two good suits4 ,a ,nullo %\ld nev] be bid unless ! play] has ! ,sev5 ( 8 long suit4 ,a c]ta9 am\nt ( risk mu/ be tak5 9 all bids1 & a play] :o nev] (f]s a game t is n p]fectly safe is call$ a ,maur]2 "o :o builds on a solid f\ndation4 ,! play] :o (f]s ! mo/ games w usually w9 ! mo/ unless he is a v poor play]4 ,lead+4 ,! s+le play] %\ld almo/ always beg9 ) ! trumps1 9 ord] to get !m out ( 8 way4 ,) a sequ5ce ( ,w5zels1 x is a common artifice to beg9 ) ! l[e/1 hop+ ! second play] may fatt5 ! trick by disc>d+ a ,t5 or ,ace1 "u ! impression t ! ,h9t]h& c w9 x4 ,?is /yle ( und]play is call$ ,wimmelf9te1 & ! ,mittelh& %\ld bew>e ( x4 ,) only "o ,w5zel & ! ,ace & ,t51 x is bett] to beg9 ) a small trump4 ,if y f9d all ! trumps 9 "o h& aga9/ y1 or t5ace ov] y1 /op lead+ trumps1 & play =c+ c>ds4 ,if y h no ,w5zels x is usually be/ to lead y\r smalle/ trumps4 ,if y h only ,ace ,t5 & small trumps1 & "k ! adv]s>ies h "o ,w5zel & "o trump bett] ?an y\r small "o1 lead y\r ,t51 s t !y _c make bo? trumps4 ,9 play+ = a s*neid]1 x is (t5 advisable to cont9ue ! trumps1 ev5 aft] ! adv]s>ies are exhau/$1 s t !y %all n "k :i* suit to keep = ! la/ trick4 ,lay+ out ! ,skat4 ,9 a ,frage or a ,t\rn1 "s judgm5t is requir$ 9 disc>d+ = ! ,skat4 ,x is (t5 necess>y to lay aside ! ,ace & ,t5 ( trumps if !re is any dang] t ! adv]s>ies may cat* !m4 ,ungu>d$ ,t5s %\ld always be laid out1 & x is a good g5]al pr9ciple to get rid ( "o suit entirely1 s t y c trump x4 ,x is a common practice to put 9 ! ,skat ! ,ace & ,t5 ( a suit ( :i* y hold also ! ,k+4 ,:5 y lead ! ,k+1 if ,mittelh& has none ( ! suit he is sure to fatt5 ! trick = 8 p>tn]1 ?9k+ he mu/ h ,ace or ,t54 ,) ! ,t51 ,k+1 & small c>ds ( a pla9 suit1 lay ! ,t5 & ,k+ 9 ! ,skat4 ,! ,adv]s>ies %\ld comb9e aga9/ ! s+le play] by gett+ him betwe5 !m if possible4 ,if y sit on ! left ( ! play]1 lead y\r %ort suits up to him2 b if y sit on 8 "r1 lead y\r longe/ suit ?r\gh him4 ,try to =ce out 8 trumps on y\r pla9-suit c>ds if y c1 & avoid giv+ him disc>ds ( 8 weak suits4 ,) a long trump suit1 x is (t5 advantage\s to lead x ?r\gh ! play]1 b seldom "r to lead x up to him4 ,9 ,solos1 ! adv]s>ies %\ld lead ,aces & w9n+ c>ds1 & *ange suits frequ5tly4 ,if y are play+ aga9/ a ,gr&1 & h two trumps1 "o ( !m ! be/1 lead x1 & !n play y\r long suit2 b if y h ! two smalle/ trumps1 lead ! long suit fir/1 & =ce ) x e "t y get 94 ,! p>tn]s %\ld always s*eme to protect ea* o!r's ,t5s by keep+ ! ,aces ( pla9 suits4 ,= ?is reason x is v bad play to fatt5 ) ! ,ace ( a suit ( :i* y h n ! ,t51 or to play an ,ace ?ird h& :5 !re are only small c>ds 9 ! trick1 & ! ,t5 ( ! suit has n be5 play$ & y d n hold x4 ,if ! play] is void ( a suit1 cont9ue lead+ x1 no matt] :at y hold 9 x4 ,?is w ei!r weak5 8 trumps1 or1 if he is betwe5 y1 w give y\r p>tn] disc>ds4 ,if ! play] leads a ,w5zel1 x is usually be/ to cov] x if y c2 b d n play ! club ,jack on ! diamond ,jack unless y want ! lead v badly4 ,:5 ! s+le play] does n lead trumps1 b plays 8 ,aces & ,t5s1 ! ,g]mans call x 8auf die ,drf] geh520 t is1 gett+ to ! villages1 or gett+ home2 equival5t to our expression1 8gett+ out ( ! woods10 or 8gett+ 9 out ( ! ra940 ,:5 ! s+le play] runs = home 9 ?is way1 x is usually be/ to lead trumps ?r\gh him at ! fir/ opportunity4 ,9 play+ aga9/ a ,nullo1 ! great po9t is to give y\r p>tn] disc>ds4 ,if y f9d t ! play]'s long suit is y\rs also1 cont9ue x until y\r p>tn] has disc>d$ an entire suit if possible4 ,if y !n h ! small c>d ( ! disc>d$ suit1 y may defeat ! ,nullo at once4 ,fatt5+4 ,! ,g]mans call ?is ,wimmeln1 or 8sw>m+0 ! po9ts toge!r 9 "o trick4 ,x is always advisable to get rid ( ,t5s 9 ?is way1 or ,aces ( suits 9 :i* y hold bo? ,ace & ,t52 b x is bad play to fatt5 ) ! ,ace ( a suit ( :i* y h n ! ,t51 unless ! trick w9s ! game f ! play]1 or saves a v probable s*neid]4 ,! foll[+ ,illu/rative ,h&s w give ! /ud5t a v good idea ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! v>i\s =ms ( ! game are play$1 %[+ ! diff]5ce 9 ! play ( a ,t\rn1 ,solo1 & ,gr&4 ,a ,,t\rn4 ,a1 ,vorh&1 has refus$ t5 ) ! foll[+ c>ds1 ,h9t]h& hav+ pass$ )\t a bid3-- ,illu/ration3 ,a concludes to play a ,t\rn1 & turns ! he>t ,q1 f9d+ ! ,k+ 9 ! ,skat4 ,he lays out ! #aj & #i 9 ! ,skat1 & expects to make #ab po9ts2 a he>t ,t\rn1 ) "o ,matadore4 ,! play is giv5 9 ! m>g94 ,a is ! play]1 & is also ,vorh&1 ) ! lead = ! fir/ trick4 ,he>ts are trumps4 ,a ,,t\rn ----------------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,a w9s4 ----------------------------- #a ,j #g ,j #d #b ,q ,a #h - #c ,k #i ,q #g #d ,j ,j ,a - #e #aj #i #g #aj #f ,a #g #h #aa #g #g ,k #aj - #h ,k #aj #i - #i ,k ,q #h #g #aj ,a ,q #h #ad ------------------------ #aj & #i 9 ! ,scat4 #aj -------------------------------- ,a w9s #fc --------------------------------- ,! mann] 9 :i* ,a exhau/s ! trumps1 & makes bo? 8 ,ace & ,k+ ( diamonds1 %\ld be c>efully /udi$4 ,at trick #h1 if he put on ! ace ( clubs1 ,b might h ! #h1 & he w\ld lose bo? 8 ,k+ & ! ,que5 on ! ,t51 giv+ him only #fj po9ts4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ,a kn[s e c>d out aga9/ him1 because he has se5 ! skat c>ds4 ,a w9s 8 #ab po9ts2 a he>t ,t\rn ) "o4 ,a ,,solo4 ,vorh& has refus$ a bid ( #ah1 & ann\nces spade ,solo ) ! foll[+ c>ds3-- ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,solo4 ----------------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,a w9s4 ----------------------------- #a #h ,k ,j - #b ,a ,k #g #ae #c #i ,q #aj - #d #g ,a ,q - #e #h ,k ,q - #f ,a ,k #h #ae #g #aj #g #i #aj #h #aj #g #h #aj #i ,j ,j ,q - #aj ,a ,j #i - ------------------------ #i & #aj 9 ! ,scat4 #aj -------------------------------- ,a w9s #fj --------------------------------- ,he has ! lead = ! fir/ trick1 & ( c\rse beg9s ) ! trumps4 ,! play is giv5 9 ! m>g94 ,c w9s ! fir/ trick1 & leads 8 long suit ?r\gh ! play]4 ,9 ! la/ ?ree tricks ,a coaxes ,b to w9 ! ,t5 ( trumps2 b if ,b does s he gives up ! advantage ( 8 t5ace ov] ! play]1 :i* is n[ ! only *ance to defeat him4 ,b kn[s t if he w9s ! ,t5 ( trumps1 ,b & ,c c make only #ei po9ts1 because ,a w save 8 trump ,ace4 ,a1 hav+ fail$ to rea* #fa1 loses a spade ,solo )\t "o2 twice #aa1 or #bb po9ts1 :i* 0 ! game he mu/ h won to be z good z ! (f] ( #ah :i* he refus$4 ,a ,,gr&4 ,b bids2 bo? ,vorh& & ,h9t]h& pass1 & ,b ann\nces a ,gr&1 ) ! foll[+ c>ds3-- ,illu/ration3 ,! play is giv5 9 ! m>g94 ,9 a ,gr& ! f\r ,jacks are ! only trumps4 ,a has ! fir/ play1 & z he leads ?r\gh ! play]1 he beg9s ) 8 long suit1 ( :i* he kn[s t ! ,ace alone is out1 & x may be 9 ! skat4 ,if ! play] has ! ,ace1 ,c w probably trump x4 ,if ! play] has n ! ,ace1 x is j possible t he w n trump ! ,t54 ,c1 lead+ up to ! play]1 op5s 8 %ort weak suit4 ,at trick #c1 ,c kn[s t ,a mu/ h ! ,t5 ( he>ts1 or he w\ld n fatt5 ) ! ,ace4 ,z ?is %[s t ,a c /op ! he>t suit1 ,c gu>ds ! spades & lets all 8 he>ts g4 ,b loses a v /rong ,gr&1 :i* mu/ h be5 successful if ,c _h _h "o club1 or if ,a _h l$ any?+ b ! club ,t54 ,a ,gr& ) ?ree ,matadores is wor? #d times #bj or #hj po9ts1 :i* is :at ,b loses1 al?\gh he may h bid only #aj or #ab to get ! play4 ,a ,,gr&4 ----------------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,b w9s4 ----------------------------- #a #aj ,a ,j - #b #h ,a #g #aa #c ,a #i #aj - #d #g #aj #i #aj #e #h ,j ,q #e #f #i ,j #i #b #g #g ,k ,q #g #h ,q ,j ,k #i #i ,k ,a #g #ae #aj #aj ,q ,k - ------------------------ #h & #h 9 ! ,scat4 - -------------------------------- ,b w9s #ei --------------------------------- ,text ,books4 ,fo/]'s ,skat ,manual1 #aijf4 ,ei*horn's ,am]ican ,skat1 #ahih4 ,lehrbu* des ,skatspiels1 by ,k4 ,buhle4 #ahia4 ,deuts*e ,skatordnung1 by ,k4 ,buhle4 #ahhh4 ,scatspiel4 7,anon47 ,von ,pos]t1 ,qu$l9burg4 #ahgi4 ,encyclopdia d] ,spiele1 by ,fr4 ,anton4 #ahhi4 ,skat1 by ,f4 ,ts*i5ts*y4 #ahhh4 ,skat1 by ,l4,v4 ,diehl4 #ahia4 ,skat1 by ,e4,e4 ,lemcke4 #ahhg4 ,all b ! fir/ two on ! li/ treat ( ! old game1 bidd+ by suits1 & mak+ no m5tion ( ,guckis2 b "s ( !m1 especially ,buhle's1 conta9 "s v f9e examples ( good play4 ,! fir/ two on ! li/ & ! la/ two are 9 ,engli%4 ,all ! o!rs are 9 ,g]man4 ,,am]ican ,,skat4 ,9 ?is v>iation1 n[ s l>gely play$1 ! highe/ bidd] always sees ! skat be=e ann\nc+ 8 game4 ,al?\gh a gucki1 x ne$ n be a gr&1 b may be solo or nullo if he likes4 ,if he w9s ! game he ann\nces ! scores z usual2 b if he loses he always loses d\ble4 ,he may ann\nce s*neid] or s*w>z aft] disc>d+ = ! skat4 ,if he makes an ann\nc$ s*neid]1 x d\bles ! value ( 8 game1 in/ead ( simply add+ a multipli]4 ,an ann\nc$ s*w>z trebles x4 ,= example3 ,spade solo ) #a1 s*neid] ann\nc$4 ,8 game is #a = game1 #a = s*neid]1 )\t #a1 #c #aa #cc1 d\bl$ = ann\nc+ s*neid]1 #ff4 ,if lo/1 x co/s #acb4 ,if he makes s*w>z aft] ann\nc+ s*neid]1 x adds "o multipli]1 #gg4 ,! smalle/ possible game is a diamond ) or )\t #a1 wor? #ah2 #cf if lo/4 ,! l>ge/ game possible to lose is a gr& ) f\r1 s*w>z ann\nc$1 co/+ #a1jjh4 ,,! ,,laws ,,( ,,skat4 ,,! ,,games4 #a4 ,! foll[+ are ! unit values ( ! v>i\s games3-- ,frage %all n be all[$4 ,t\rne 9 diamonds #e1 9 he>ts #f1 9 spades #g & 9 clubs #h4 ,solo 9 diamonds #i1 9 he>ts #aj1 9 spades #aa & 9 clubs #ab1 ,turn$ gr& #ab1 gucki gr& #af1 solo gr& #bj & op5 gr& #bd4 ,gucki nullo #ae1 op5 gucki nullo #cj1 solo nullo #bj1 op5 solo nullo #dj1 & revolution1 if play$1 #fj4 ,uno & duo1 if play$1 %all be wor? #bj1 or if play$ op5 #dj4 #b4 ,:5 !re are trumps1 ! unit value ( ! game %all be multipli$ z foll[s3 #a = game2 #b = s*neid]2 #c = ann\nc+ s*neid]1 or = mak+ s*w>z )\t hav+ made any ann\ncem5t2 #d = s*w>z aft] hav+ ann\nc$ s*neid]2 & #e = ann\nc+ s*w>z4 ,to ea* ( ^! multipli]s %all be add$ "o = ea* matadore1 8)0 or 8)\t40 #c4 ,9 t\rnes1 if ! play] says 8pas/-mir-ni*t0 to ! fir/ c>d & takes ! second1 he loses d\ble if he loses 8 game4 ,9 guckis1 :e!r gr& or nullo1 ! play] loses d\ble if he loses 8 game4 #d4 ,! value ( ,rams* %all be #bj po9ts1 to be *>g$ to ! play] los+ ! game4 ,if "o play] takes no trick1 ! los] %all be *>g$ #cj po9ts4 ,if two play]s take no trick1 ! los] %all be *>g$ #ej po9ts4 ,! w9n] ( ! la/ trick takes ! skat c>ds4 ,if !re is a tie betwe5 two = high score1 ! w9n] ( ! la/ trick %all be ! los]4 ,if ! la/ trick is tak5 by ! l[ score1 & ! o!rs are ti$1 ! two high scores lose #bj po9ts ea*4 ,if all ?ree are ti$ at #dj po9ts ea*1 !re is no score4 #e4 ,9 all games :i* are play$ 8op510 ! h& ( ! s+le play] mu/ be laid face up on ! table be=e ei!r adv]s>y plays a c>d2 b ! adv]s>ies %all n be all[$ to consult1 nei!r c !y dictate to ! play] :at c>ds he %all play4 ,,=mation ,,( ,,table4 #f4 ,any numb] f ?ree to six may =m a table1 b !re %all be only ?ree active play]s 9 ea* deal1 & !y %all be kn[n respectively z ,vorh&1 ,mittelh&1 & ,h9t]h&4 ,^? :o hold no c>ds %all %>e ! =tunes ( ^? oppos$ to ! s+le play] ^: score is put d[n4 #g4 ,!re %all be z _m deals 9 ea* r\nd z !re are play]s at ! table1 & no p]son %all be all[$ to )draw f ! game dur+ a r\nd unless ! o!rs cons5t to a sub/itute & su* sub/itute be f\nd4 #h4 ,newcom]s c ent] ! table only aft] ! conclusion ( a r\nd & ) ! cons5t ( ! o!r play]s4 ,! new c&idate = play mu/ take 8 seat s t he %all h ! deal4 #i4 ,if seats are drawn =1 ! l[e/ skat c>d %all h ! fir/ *oice4 ,! next l[e/ %all sit on 8 left1 & s on4 ,9 cutt+1 ! c>ds & suits rank z 9 play4 ,! "o draw+ ! l[e/ c>d %all deal ! fir/ h&1 & ! score %all be kept by ! play] on 8 "r4 #aj4 ,! game %all come to an end only at ! conclusion ( a r\nd1 & any play] wi%+ to /op mu/ give notice be=e ! beg9n+ ( a r\nd4 ,,c>ds4 #aa4 ,!re are ?irty-two c>ds 9 ! pack1 ! rank & value ( :i* are z foll[s3 ,jack #b2 ace #aa2 t5 #aj2 k+ #d2 que5 #c2 ! n9e1 eight & sev5 hav+ no c\nt+ value4 #ab4 ,! suits %all always outrank "o ano!r 9 ! same ord]2 clubs1 spades1 he>ts & diamonds4 ,! f\r jacks1 or ,w5zels1 :i* are always ! f\r be/ trumps1 %all outrank "o ano!r 9 ! same ord]4 #ac4 ,9 ,nullo1 ! c>ds rank3 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g1 & ! suits & jacks are all ( equal rank4 ,,deal+4 #ad4 ,:5 f\r or m play at ! same table1 ! deal] takes no c>ds1 b gives c>ds to ! two sitt+ imm$iately on 8 left & to ! "o next him on 8 "r4 #ae4 ,:5 only ?ree play1 ,h9t]h& %all deal ! c>ds4 #af4 ,! deal passes 9 regul> ord] to ! left4 #ag4 ,aft] be+ ?or\ghly %uffl$1 ! pack mu/ be pres5t$ to ! pone 7! play] sitt+ on ! deal]'s "r7 to be cut1 & at lea/ ?ree c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,any play] may dem& a "r to %uffle ! c>ds be=e !y are dealt1 b ! deal] %all h ! la/ %uffle be=e pres5t+ ! c>ds to be cut4 ,if any c>d is expos$ 9 cutt+1 !re mu/ be a new cut4 #ah4 ,! deal] %all give ea* active play] c>ds1 ?ree at a "t = ! fir/ r\nd1 face d[n1 beg9n+ on 8 left4 ,he %all !n lay aside1 face d[n1 two c>ds = ! skat4 ,ea* play] %all !n receive f\r c>ds at a "t = ! second r\nd1 & f9ally ?ree c>ds at a "t = ! la/ r\nd4 #ai4 ,if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 or if ! pack be prov$ incorrect or imp]fect1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,an imp]fect pack is "o 9 :i* !re are duplicate or miss+ c>ds1 or c>ds s torn or m>k$ t !y c be id5tifi$ by ! backs4 #bj4 ,%\ld a play] deal out ( 8 turn1 ! deal mu/ /& if x is complete2 o!rwise !re mu/ be a new deal by ! "r deal]4 ,:5 ! deal /&s1 ! next deal mu/ be by ! play] :o %\ld h dealt1 & subsequ5t deals mu/ be s arrang$ t !re %all be ! "r numb] to ea* r\nd4 ,a play] deal+ out ( turn may be p5aliz$ #aj po9ts4 ,,errors ,,9 ,,deal+4 #ba4 ,!re are no misdeals4 ,no matt] :at happ5s1 ! same deal] mu/ deal aga9 if x 0 8 prop] turn to deal4 #bb4 ,if a c>d is expos$ by ! deal] dur+ ! deal1 !re mu/ be a new deal2 or if ! c>ds ( ! play]s become confus$1 s t ! deal] _c sep>ate !m4 #bc4 ,if ! deal] gives too _m or too few c>ds to any play]1 or neglects to lay out ! skat c>ds 9 _! prop] turn1 or does n give ! "r numb] ( c>ds 9 ea* r\nd1 or gives ?ree to "o play] & f\r to ano!r1 or fails to pres5t ! pack to be cut1 !re mu/ be a new deal1 & ! deal] is *>g$ #aj po9ts = ! error4 ,,! ,,skat ,,c>ds4 #bd4 ,any active play] tak+ up or see+ ei!r or bo? ! skat c>ds :5 he is n entitl$ to d s %all be deb>r$ f bidd+ t deal4 ,if any b an active play] look at ei!r ( ! skat c>ds1 #aj po9ts %all be d$uct$ f 8 score4 #be4 ,if any ,kiebitz 7an onlook] n belong+ to ! table7 looks at ei!r ( ! skat c>ds1 he may be call$ ^u to pay ! value ( ! game4 #bf4 ,if an active play] look at ! skat c>ds dur+ ! play1 he n hav+ laid out ^? c>ds f 8 own h&1 8 game is lo/ if he is ! s+le play]4 ,if he is oppos$ to ! play]1 ! play]'s game is won1 b x may be play$ out to see if he c make s*neid] or s*w>z4 #bg4 ,%\ld an active play] take "o or bo? ! skat c>ds into 8 h& by mi/ake1 be=e ! bidd+ beg9s1 ! deal] %all draw f 8 h&1 face d[n1 en\gh c>ds to r$uce 8 h& to t51 & ! play] 9 fault %all be *>g$ #be po9ts p5alty1 & be deb>r$ f bidd+ = t deal4 ,if1 9 ?ree-h&1 ! play] 9 fault is ! deal]1 ,vorh& %all draw4 #bh4 ,%\ld ! successful bidd] take bo? ! skat c>ds into 8 h& toge!r1 or pick !m up toge!r1 he %all be oblig$ to play a ,gucki ,gr&1 unless he has ann\nc$ to play ,nullo4 ,%\ld he put ! fir/ c>d into 8 h& )\t %[+ x1 he %all be oblig$ to turn up ! second c>d & play ,pas/-mir-ni*t4 #bi4 ,! play] may turn up ei!r ( ! skat c>ds2 b %\ld he expose bo? he mu/ play ! suit ( high] value4 #cj4 ,%\ld he turn a jack1 he may ei!r play 9 suit or ann\nce a turn$ ,gr&4 #ca4 ,a play] turn+ up a sev5 _c ann\nce a ,nullo unless x has be5 previ\sly agre$ to play turn$ ,nullos1 :i* are wor? #aj po9ts4 #cb4 ,! play] :o takes ! skat c>ds mu/ lay out two c>ds 9 _! place be=e a c>d is l$4 ,%\ld he neglect to lay out = ! skat be=e he plays to ! fir/ trick2 or %\ld he lay out m or less ?an two c>ds1 & n discov] ! error until ! fir/ trick has be5 turn$ & quitt$1 he %all lose 8 game4 ,,bidd+4 #cc4 ,all bidd+ %all be by numb]s repres5t+ ! value ( "s possible game1 & ! l[e/ bid all[$ %all be #aj4 #cd4 ,mittelh& mu/ bid to ,vorh&1 & ,vorh& mu/ ei!r und]take z good a game z t (f]$ him1 or pass4 ,if ,vorh& passes1 ,h9t]h& bids to ,mittelh&1 & ,mittelh& mu/ ei!r und]take z good a game z t (f]$1 or pass4 ,if ,mittelh& passes1 :5 bidd+ to ,vorh&1 ,h9t]h& mu/ bid to ,vorh&3 b ,h9t]h& is n all[$ to say any?+ until ei!r ,mittelh& or ,vorh& has pass$4 #ce4 ,any figure once nam$ _c be recall$4 ,a play] hav+ once pass$1 _c come into ! bidd+ aga94 #cf4 ,! survivor ( ! bidd+ %all be kn[n z ! ,play]1 & %all h ! privilege ( nam+ ! game to be play$2 ! two o!r active play]s be+ 8 adv]s>ies4 #cg4 ,if no bid is made1 & ,vorh& w n und]take to play any game aga9/ ! two o!rs1 !y mu/ play ,rams*4 ,,ann\ncem5ts4 #ch4 ,! play]1 if he does n use ! skat c>ds1 may ann\nce any suit = ! trump1 or he may play a ,gr& or ,nullo4 #ci4 ,if he wi%es to ann\nce s*neid] or s*w>z1 he mu/ d s :5 he names ! game to be play$1 & be=e a c>d is l$4 ,all ,op5 ,gr&s are compulsory 8s*w>z ann\nc$40 #dj4 ,! mann] ( tak+ up ! skat c>ds1 :5 ! play] uses !m1 is suffici5t ann\ncem5t = a ,t\rne1 ,pas/-mir-ni*t1 or ,gucks]2 b a ,gucki ,nullo mu/ be ann\nc$ be=e ! skat c>ds are t\*$1 & op5 ,gucki ,nullo mu/ be ann\nc$ be=e ! skat c>ds are se54 #da4 ,! play] is n all[$ to ann\nce ei!r s*neid] or s*w>z 9 any game 9 :i* he uses ! skat c>ds4 #db4 ,! adv]s>ies _c ann\nce s*neid] or s*w>z "u any circum/ances4 #dc4 ,no play] b ,vorh& c ann\nce ,rams*1 & !n only :5 no bid has be5 made4 ,,play+4 #dd4 ,9 ,t\rne1 b n 9 ,solo1 ,gr&1 or ,nullo1 ! play] may1 9 ord] to avoid ! possibility ( be+ made s*neid]1 ab&on 8 game z lo/ be=e play+ to ! second trick4 ,! adv]s>ies are !n b\nd to score x z a 8game0 lo/1 ev5 if !y c\ld h made ! play] s*neid]4 #de4 ,no matt] :o is ! s+le play]1 ,vorh& %all always lead = ! fir/ trick4 ,! w9n] ( "o trick leads = ! next1 & s on1 & ea* play] 9 turn mu/ foll[ suit if he c4 #df4 ,if1 dur+ ! play ( ! h&1 any play] is f\nd to h a wrong numb] ( c>ds1 ! o!rs hav+ _! "r numb]1 only ^? :o h _! "r numb] c w9 ! game4 ,if x is ! play] :o has a wrong numb]1 8 game is lo/4 ,if x is "o ( 8 adv]s>ies1 ! play]'s game is won4 #dg4 ,if ! s+le play] leads out ( turn1 ! c>ds mu/ be tak5 back if ! trick is n complete & ! adv]s>y :o has n play$ dem&s x4 ,if bo? adv]s>ies h play$ to ! false lead1 ! trick /&s4 ,if an adv]s>y has play$ to 8 false lead1 ! play] _c take x back unless ! o!r adv]s>y p]mit x4 #dh4 ,if an adv]s>y ( ! play] leads out ( turn1 & ! play] calls att5tion to x1 ! play] may imm$iately claim 8 game z won & ab&on ! h&2 or he may insi/ t ! play proce$ ) a view to mak+ ! adv]s>ies s*neid] or s*w>z4 ,:e!r he proce$s or n 8 game is won1 & he may ei!r let ! false lead /&1 or insi/ on a lead f ! prop] h&4 #di4 ,if1 dur+ ! progress ( ! h&1 ! play] lays 8 c>ds on ! table1 face up1 & ann\nces t he has won 8 game by rea*+ #fa or #ia1 :i*ev] may be necess>y to make good 8 bid1 & x is prov$ t he is mi/ak51 he loses 8 game1 ev5 if he c\ld h tak5 up 8 c>ds aga9 & won x4 #ej4 ,if an adv]s>y lays 8 c>ds on ! table1 face up1 & claims to h already defeat$ ! play]'s game1 all t adv]s>y's c>ds %all be tak5 by ! play] & c\nt$ ) ! tricks already tak5 9 by ! play]4 ,if ! adv]s>y be f\nd to be 9 error1 ! play] %all score 8 game z won1 ev5 if he w\ld h lo/ x _h x be5 cont9u$4 #ea4 ,if ! s+le play] gives up 8 game z lo/1 & lays 8 c>ds on ! table1 ! adv]s>ies %all take all su* c>ds & add !m to _! own1 & c\nt _! c>ds to see if !y h also made ! play] s*neid]4 ,,! ,,revoke4 #eb4 ,%\ld ! s+le play] revoke1 & n discov] ! error be=e ! trick is turn$ & quitt$1 he loses 8 game4 ,if he discov]s ! error & corrects x 9 "t1 !re is no p5alty2 b any adv]s>y :o plays aft] him may am5d 8 play4 #ec4 ,if ei!r adv]s>y ( ! play] revokes1 ! play] may claim 8 game z won2 b he may insi/ on play+ ! h& out to see if he c make s*neid] or s*w>z4 ,ev5 if ! s+le play] has ov]bid 8 h&1 he w9s 8 game if ei!r adv]s>y revokes4 ,,look+ ,,back4 #ed4 ,any active play] may see ! la/ trick turn$ & quitt$1 provid$ no c>d has be5 l$ = ! next trick4 ,%\ld a play] look back at any o!r trick1 or c\nt 8 c>ds1 he loses ! game2 b ei!r ( ! o!rs may insi/ on play+ on to see if !y c make s*neid]4 #ee4 ,if an adv]s>y ( ! play] tell 8 p>tn] h[ _m po9ts !y h tak5 91 or ask him to fatt5 a trick :i* is 81 or call att5tion 9 any way to ! fact t ! p>tn]'s play %\ld be ?us or s1 ! s+le play] may at once claim 8 game z won1 & ab&on 8 h&4 ,,scor+4 #ef4 ,! s+le play] w9s 8 game if he rea*es #fa po9ts4 ,he w9s s*neid] if he makes #ia4 ,he w9s s*w>z if he gets e trick4 #eg4 ,if ! adv]s>ies rea* #cj1 !y are out ( s*neid]4 ,if !y rea* #fj1 !y defeat ! play]4 ,if !y get to #ij1 !y make him s*neid]2 & if !y w9 e trick !y make him s*w>z4 #eh4 ,! value ( ! game hav+ be5 calculat$ accord+ to ,law ,no4 #b1 ! am\nt won or lo/ %all be ent]$ on ! score pad "u ! "n ( ! individual play]1 & ea* foll[+ item %all be add$ to or d$uct$ f ! previ\s total1 s t ! la/ entry %all at all times %[ ! exact /ate ( ! play]'s score4 #ei4 ,at ! end ( ! sitt+ ea* play] w9s f or loses to ea* ( ! o!rs at ! table ! full am\nt ( 8 score4 #fj4 ,9 e case 9 :i* a play] loses 8 game1 he loses :at he w\ld h won if he _h be5 successful1 reg>dless ( ! am\nt he may h bid2 b1 #fa4 ,if ! play] fails to w9 a game equal to ! am\nt he has bid1 he loses ! value ( ! next high] game :i* w\ld h made 8 bid good2 because 9 no case c a play] lose less ?an he bid1 & 9 e case mu/ he lose "s multiple ( ! game :i* he decl>$ to play4 ,,frog4 ,?is is a v popul> game 9 ,mexico1 & seems to be an elem5t>y =m ( ,skat1 :i* x resembles 9 _m ways4 ,ev5 ! "n may be a corruption ( ! simple game 9 ,skat1 :i* is call$ 8frage40 ,! *ief diff]5ces are t !re are f\r c>ds add$ to ! pack = frog1 & t ! play]s w9 or lose accord+ to ! numb] ( po9ts !y get above or bel[ #fa1 in/ead ( comput+ ! value ( ! game by matadores4 ,play]s4 ,?ree1 f\r1 or five c play2 b only ?ree are active 9 ea* deal4 ,if f\r play1 ! deal] takes no c>ds4 ,if five play1 he gives c>ds to ! two on 8 left & "o on 8 "r4 ,c>ds4 ,!re are ?irty-six c>ds 9 ! pack1 :i* rank3 ,a #aj ,k ,q ,j #i #h #g #f4 ,ea* ,ace is wor? #aa1 ,t5s are wor? #aj1 ,k+s #d1 ,que5s #c1 & ,jacks #b4 ,?is gives u #abj po9ts 9 ! pack1 & ! object is to get #fa or m4 ,deal+4 ,any "o c deal ! fir/ h&1 aft] :i* ! deal passes to ! left4 ,?ree c>ds are giv5 to ea* play] ! fir/ r\nd1 !n ?ree = ! wid[1 & !n two r\nds ( f\r c>ds ea* to ! play]s1 s t !re are ?ree h&s ( elev5 c>ds ea*1 & ?ree 9 ! wid[4 ,,! ,,games4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 c (f] to play "o ( ?ree games1 & ! highe/ (f] mu/ be accept$4 ,a play] _c increase 8 own bid unless he is ov]bid4 ,! highe/ bidd] becomes ! s+le play]1 oppos$ to ! two o!rs4 ,frog4 ,9 ?is1 he>ts mu/ be trumps4 ,! s+le play] turns ! wid[ face up to %[ :at x conta9$1 & !n takes ! ?ree c>ds into 8 h&4 ,he mu/ !n disc>d to r$uce 8 play+ h& to elev5 c>ds aga94 ,any po9ts 9 ! c>ds he lays away w c\nt = him at ! end ( ! play4 ,! play] on ! deal]'s left always leads = ! fir/ trick1 any c>d he pleases4 ,! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c1 b !y are n oblig$ to head ! trick4 ,if a play] _c foll[ suit1 he mu/ trump1 & if ! ?ird play] _c foll[ suit ei!r1 he mu/ play a trump1 b he is n oblig$ to ov]-trump unless he likes4 ,! elev5 tricks play$1 ea* side turns ov] ! c>ds tak5 9 & c\nts ! po9ts4 ,= e po9t ! s+le play] gets ov] #fj he mu/ be paid a c\nt] by ea* ( ! o!rs :o held c>ds4 ,b if he does n get #fj1 he mu/ pay ea* ( ! o!rs at ! table1 includ+ ^? :o held no c>ds1 if any1 a c\nt] = e po9t 8 adv]s>ies get ov] #fj4 ,*ico outbids ,frog4 ,! play] (f]+ ?is game c "n any suit = ! trump except he>ts1 b he mu/ n t\* ! wid[1 al?\gh ! po9ts 9 x w c\nt = him at ! end4 ,ea* po9t "u or ov] #fj is wor? two c\nt]s 9 ,*ico4 ,gr& outbids ,*ico1 & is ! highe/ bid possible4 ,he>ts mu/ be trumps1 & ! play] (f]+ ?is game mu/ n t\* ! wid[ until ! play is f9i%$4 ,e po9t "u or ov] #fj 9 a ,gr& is wor? f\r c\nt]s4 ,! bidd] mu/ play ! game he names4 ,he _c bid ,frog & play ,*ico1 or bid ,*ico & play ,gr&4 ,! settl+ up ( ! scores at ! end1 if ! paym5ts are n made at once 9 c\nt]s1 is ! same z 9 ,skat4 ,,cribbage4 ,cribbage is n only "o ( ! olde/ ( ! games ^u ! c>ds1 b enjoys ! di/9ction ( be+ q unlike any o!r game1 bo? 9 ! mann] ( play+ x1 & 9 ! sy/em ( reckon+ ! po9ts4 ,x is also peculi> f ! fact t x is "o ( ! v few really good games :i* require no ef=t ( ! memory2 judgm5t & f9esse be+ ! qualities *iefly requisite = success4 ,!re are two pr9cipal v>ieties ( ! game2 ,five & ,six-c>d ,cribbage2 & ^! aga9 are divid$ accord+ to ! numb] ( play]s4 ,! old writ]s agree 9 speak+ ( ! five-c>d game z ! m sci5tific2 b ! mod]n v]dict is 9 fav\r ( ! six-c>d game1 :i* is c]ta9ly ! m common & popul>4 ,! skill 9 ,five-c>d ,cribbage is limit$ to lay+ out = ! crib & secur+ ! 8g02 b 9 ,six-c>d ,cribbage1 :ile ! sci5tific pr9ciples applicable to ! crib rema9 ! same z 9 ! five-c>d game1 !re is abundant room = ! display ( skill all ?r\gh1 ! h& be+ z important z ! crib1 & ! play sometimes m important ?an ei!r4 ,! six-c>d game w be fir/ describ$4 ,,c>ds4 ,cribbage is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* h no rank except ! ord] ( _! sequ5ce2 ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b ,a1 ! ,ace be+ always ! l[e/1 ei!r 9 cutt+ or 9 play4 ,! c>ds h also a c\nt+ or pip value1 ! ?ree c\rt c>ds1 ,k ,q ,j1 & ! #aj be+ wor? t5 po9ts ea*4 ,all o!r c>ds1 includ+ ! ,ace1 reta9 _! face value4 ,!re are no trumps1 & ! f\r suits are !re=e equal 9 value at all times4 ,,m>k]s4 ,! game is #fa po9ts1 & is scor$ or 8pegg$0 on a cribbage bo>d1 :i* has a d\ble r[ ( #cj holes on ea* side1 & a game-hole at ea* end4 ,! play]s are ea* provid$ ) two pegs1 & !y score ! po9ts z !y accrue by advanc+ _! pegs f left to "r accord+ to ! numb] ( po9ts !y make4 ,= in/ance3 ,"o play] makes #f = 8 fir/ c\nt4 ,he places "o ( 8 pegs 9 ! six? hole f ! left-h& end ( ! bo>d4 ,!n he makes #d1 & places ! second peg f\r holes 9 advance ( ! fir/1 :i* w %[ t 8 total score is t5 po9ts4 ,! ?ird "t he makes #b1 :i* he scores by lift+ out ! back peg & putt+ x two holes 9 advance ( ! fir/ "o4 ,?is sy/em ( pegg+ n only %[s ! total numb] ( po9ts made by ei!r play]1 b enables ! adv]s>y to *eck ! c\nt1 z a glance at ! di/ance betwe5 ! two pegs w %[ ! numb] ( po9ts pegg$ la/ "t4 ,:5 a play] rea*es ! extreme "r ( ! bo>d1 #cj po9ts1 he crosses ov] to ! inn] r[ ( holes1 & goes d[n f "r to left4 ,on rea*+ ! end ( ! second r[ he has /ill "o m to g to get into ! game-hole1 :i* is 9 ! middle ( ! bo>d4 ,:5 "o play] rea*es 8 game-hole be=e ! o!r turns ! corn]1 x is call$ a lur*1 & c\nts two games4 ,! pegs are s (t5 lose or mislaid t x is mu* m conv5i5t to use a pull-up cribbage bo>d1 9 :i* e hole is provid$ ) its own peg1 :i* may be rais$ to indicate ! c\nt4 ,! back pegs c be ei!r left /&+ or pu%$ d[n aga94 ,illu/ration ,! bo>d is always plac$ midway betwe5 ! play]s4 ,if ?ree p]sons play1 a triangul> bo>d is necess>y4 ,?is is provid$ ) ?ree sets ( holes & ?ree game holes4 ,:5 a cribbage bo>d is n at h&1 ! game may be kept by rul+ a %eet ( pap] into t5 divisions1 & m>k+ !m ) ! figures #a to #j on ea* side3 --------------------------------------- #j #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b #a --------------------------------------- #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #j --------------------------------------- ,ea* play] be+ provid$ ) two co9s1 "o silv] & "o copp]1 7or diff]5t sizes17 ! copp] co9 c be advanc$ f po9t to po9t to c\nt units1 & ! silv] co9 w m>k ! t5s4 ,,play]s4 ,cribbage is di/9ctly a game = two play]s1 al?\gh ?ree may play1 ea* = himself1 or f\r1 two be+ p>tn]s aga9/ ! o!r two4 ,:5 two play1 "o is kn[n z ! deal]1 & ! o!r z ! non-deal]1 or ! pone4 ,,cutt+4 ,! play]s cut = ! *oice ( seats1 & = ! fir/ deal4 ,! l[e/ cut has ! *oice1 & deals ! fir/ h&4 ,! ,ace is l[4 ,if a play] exposes m ?an "o c>d he mu/ cut aga94 ,ties are also decid$ by cutt+ aga94 ,,/akes4 ,cribbage is play$ = s mu* a game1 lur*es c\nt+ d\ble4 ,play]s may ei!r settle at ! end ( ea* game1 or score on a %eet ( pap]4 ,9 ! pull-up cribbage bo>ds !re are n9e extra pegs = c\nt+ games won4 ,^! are plac$ 9 a l9e ) ! play]'s game hole at ea* end4 ,,deal+4 ,! c>ds are %uffl$ & pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 & he mu/ leave at lea/ six c>ds 9 ea* packet4 ,six c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 "o at a "t 9 rotation1 beg9n+ ) ! play] on ! deal]'s left if !re are m ?an two4 ,no trump is turn$1 & ! rema9d] ( ! pack is plac$ face d[nw>d at ! end ( ! cribbage bo>d on ! deal]'s left4 ,irregul>ities4 ,x is a misdeal if any c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 or if ! pack is f\nd to be imp]fect1 & !re mu/ be a fre% deal by ! same deal]4 ,any previ\s cuts or scores made ) ! imp]fect pack /& good4 ,a play] deal+ out ( turn may be /opp$ be=e ! non-deal] lifts 8 c>ds f ! table4 ,! p5alty = deal+ out ( turn is two po9ts1 if ! error is detect$ 9 "t2 o!rwise ! deal /&s good4 ,if ! deal] neglects to h ! pack cut1 exposes a c>d 9 deal+1 gives too _m or too few c>ds to any play]1 deals a c>d incorrectly1 & fails to rem$y ! error be=e deal+ ano!r1 or exposes "o ( 8 adv]s>y's c>ds1 ! non-deal] scores two po9ts by way ( p5alty4 ,he also has ! option ( dem&+ a fre% deal by ! same deal]1 or ( lett+ ! deal /&4 ,if ! error is simply an irregul>ity 9 ! mann] ( deal+1 or an expos$ c>d1 ! pone mu/ decide )\t look+ at 8 c>ds4 ,if ei!r play] has too _m or too few c>ds1 ! pone may look at ! h& dealt him be=e decid+ :e!r or n to h a fre% deal2 b if x is ! pone himself t has too _m or too few c>ds1 he mu/ discov] & ann\nce ! error be=e lift+ 8 c>ds f ! table1 or he w n be entitl$ to ! option ( lett+ ! deal /&4 ,if ! pone has too _m c>ds he may return ! surplus to ! top ( ! pack1 )\t %[+ or nam+ !m4 ,if ! deal] has too _m1 ! pone may draw f 8 h& face d[nw>d1 return+ ! surplus to ! top ( ! pack2 b ! pone may n look at ! c>ds s drawn unless ! deal] has se5 !m4 ,if !re are too few c>ds1 & ! pone elects to h ! deal /&1 ! defici5cy mu/ be suppli$ f ! top ( ! pack4 ,,! ,,crib4 ,! c>ds dealt1 ea* play] takes up 8 six c>ds & exam9es !m ) a view to lay+ out two c>ds1 face d[nw>d1 = ! crib2 leav+ himself f\r c>ds ) :i* to play4 ,! f\r c>ds :i* =m ! crib1 two f ea* h&1 always belong to ! deal]1 & x is usual = ea* play]1 9 disc>d+ = ! crib1 to slip 8 two c>ds "u ! end ( ! cribbage bo>d opposite to t occupi$ by ! rema9d] ( ! pack4 ,c>ds once laid out = ! crib1 & ! h& remov$ f !m1 _c be tak5 up aga94 ,a p5alty ( two po9ts may be scor$ by ! adv]s>y = ea* c>d s tak5 up aga91 :e!r x is return$ to ! play]'s h& or n4 ,if ei!r play] confuses 8 c>ds 9 any mann] ) ^? ( ! crib1 8 adv]s>y scores two po9ts1 & may also claim a fre% deal4 ,if x is n discov]$ until he comes to lay out = ! crib1 t a play] has too _m c>ds1 ! same rules apply t are giv5 = misdeal+2 b if he has too few c>ds !re is no rem$y1 z he has lift$ 8 h&4 ,he mu/ lay out two c>ds = ! crib & play ) :at rema91 8 adv]s>y scor+ two po9ts p5alty at ! same "t4 ,,! ,,/>t]4 ,bo? play]s hav+ disc>d$ = ! crib1 ! non-deal] cuts ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 & ! deal] lifts ! top c>d f ! portion left on ! table1 turn+ x face up4 ,! two portions be+ aga9 unit$1 ! turn$ c>d is plac$ face up on ! pack1 & is kn[n z ! />t]1 because x =ms ! />t+-po9t 9 ! c\nt = e h& & crib4 ,at lea/ f\r c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet 9 cutt+ = ! />t]4 ,if ! />t] is f\nd face up1 !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,if ! />t] is a ,jack1 ! deal] imm$iately pegs two po9ts = 8 heels4 ,if he does n peg ^! two holes be=e he plays a c>d ! score is lo/4 ,if ! ,jack ( ! same suit z ! />t] is f\nd 9 ! h& or crib ( any play]1 x is call$ 8 nobs1 & :5 ! h& is reckon$ up aft] ! play is ov]1 "o po9t may be scor$ = x4 ,if ! deal] exposes m ?an "o c>d aft] ! pack has be5 prop]ly cut1 8 adv]s>y may *oose :i* ( ! expos$ c>ds %all be ! />t]4 ,9 ord] to und]/& ! motives :i* gov]n ! play]s 9 disc>d+1 & ! influ5ces :i* ! />t] has ^u ! value ( ! h&s & crib1 x w be necess>y to describe ! objects ( ! game1 be=e giv+ ! me?od ( play4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! *ief object 9 ,cribbage is to =m & to pres]ve v>i\s c\nt+ comb9ations4 ,z ^! comb9ations occur 9 ! c\rse ( play1 or are %[n 9 ! h& or crib aft] ! play is ov]1 _! value 9 po9ts is pegg$ on ! cribbage bo>d1 & ! play] :o fir/ pegs a suffici5t numb] ( ^! comb9ations to rea* a total ( #fa po9ts1 w9s ! game4 ,!re are five pr9cipal v>ieties ( ^! c\nt+ comb9ations3 ,pairs1 ,triplets1 ,f\rs1 ,sequ5ces1 & ,fifte5s2 besides "s m9or c\nts :i* w be spok5 ( 9 _! prop] place4 ,! v>i\s c\nt+ comb9ations 9 ,cribbage may arise 9 two ways4 ,!y may be =m$ by comb9+ ! c>ds play$ by "o p]son ) ^? play$ by 8 adv]s>y2 or !y may be f\nd 9 ! individual h& or crib aft] ! play is ov]4 ,9 ! latt] case ! />t] is consid]$ z "p ( ea* h& & crib1 increas+ ea* ( !m to five available c\nt+ c>ds4 ,pairs4 ,a pair is any two c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation1 su* z two ,fives or two ,que5s1 & its c\nt+ value is always ! same1 #b po9ts4 ,triplets1 usually call$ ,pairs ,royal1 ,proils1 or ,prials1 are any ?ree c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation1 su* z ?ree ,n9es4 ,_! value is ! numb] ( sep>ate pairs t c be =m$ ) ! ?ree c>ds1 :i* is ?ree1 & ! comb9ation is !re=e always wor? #f po9ts4 ,! diff]5t pairs t c be =m$ ) ?ree ,n9es1 = in/ance1 w\ld be z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 ,f\rs1 sometimes call$ ,d\ble ,pairs ,royal1 or ,deproils1 are any f\r c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation1 su* z f\r ,f\rs1 & _! c\nt+ value is ! numb] ( sep>ate pairs t c be =m$ ) ! f\r c>ds1 :i* is six4 ,! comb9ation is !re=e always wor? #ab po9ts4 ,! diff]5t comb9ations ( f\r c>ds1 arrang$ 9 pairs1 is z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 ,:e!r ! =ego+ comb9ations are =m$ dur+ ! play ( ! h&1 or f\nd 9 ! h& or crib aft] ! play is ov]1 _! c\nt+ value is exactly ! same4 ,sequ5ces4 ,any ?ree or m c>ds1 foll[+ "o ano!r 9 num]ical ord]1 w =m a sequ5ce4 ,a sequ5ce may also run into ! c\rt c>ds1 su* z #i #aj ,j1 #aj ,j ,q1 or ,j ,q ,k2 b ,q ,k ,a is n a sequ5ce 9 ,cribbage4 ,! c\nt+ value ( a sequ5ce is "o po9t = ea* c>d 9 x4 ,sequ5ces =m$ 9 ! c\rse ( play mu/ always be s+le1 al?\gh ! c>ds =m+ !m ne$ n fall 9 regul> ord]4 ,^? f\nd 9 ! h& or crib may be d\ble1 & ^? =m$ ) ! aid ( ! />t] may be treble or quadruple4 ,! me?od ( comput+ ! value ( d\ble & treble sequ5ces %\ld be ?or\ghly und]/ood1 9 ord] t su* comb9ations may be c\nt$ at sight4 ,a few examples w %[ t ea* comb9ation belongs to a c]ta9 class1 to :i* ! same c\nt+ value is always atta*$4 ,^! classes are di/+ui%$ by ! numb] ( duplicates ( ! sequ5ce c>ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,if y hold ?ree c>ds :i* =m a sequ5ce1 & h also a duplicate ( any "o ( !m1 no matt] :i*1 x is evid5t t by sub/itut+ ! c>d ( equal value y c =m ano!r sequ5ce4 ,su* comb9ations are !re=e always wor? #h po9ts1 #f = ! d\ble run1 z x is call$1 & #b = ! pair1 no matt] :at ! c>ds are t =m ! comb9ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,if ! five c>ds 9 ! h& & />t] toge!r conta9 a run ( ?ree ) two duplicates1 x is evid5t t ?ree sep>ate sequ5ces c be =m$ by us+ ea* ( ! duplicates alt]nately4 ,su* comb9ations are always wor? #ae po9ts2 #i = ! triple run ( ?ree1 & #f = ! pair royal4 ,illu/ration3 ,if ! duplicates are ( two diff]5t c>ds1 no matt] :i*1 x w be f\nd t f\r diff]5t sequ5ces ( ?ree c>ds ea* c be =m$ by *ang+ ! ,aces & ,?rees alt]nately4 ,su* comb9ations are !re=e always wor? #af po9ts3 f\r runs ( ?ree1 wor? #ab1 & #d po9ts = ! two sep>ate pairs4 ,illu/ration3 ,if ! five c>ds conta9 "o sequ5ce ( f\r1 & "o duplicate1 ! comb9ation w always be wor? #aj po9ts2 #h = ! d\ble run ( f\r1 & #b = ! pair4 ,! =ego+ %\ld be ?or\ghly famili> to e play]1 s t he may "k ! exact value ( ! comb9ation ! mom5t he sees ! l5g? ( ! sequ5ce & ! numb] ( duplicates4 ,two-c>d ,fifte5s4 ,any comb9ation ( two or m c>ds1 ! total face value ( :i* is exactly #ae1 is call$ fifte5-two1 because ea* fifte5 s =m$ is wor? two po9ts 9 ! pegg+4 ,!re are only ?ree comb9ations ( two c>ds :i* w =m fifte52 a ,five ) any c\rt c>d or ,t52 a ,n9e & a ,six2 an ,eight & a ,sev54 ,! mann] ( c\nt+ duplicates is ! same z t employ$ = ! pairs & sequ5ces1 & ! play] %\ld be equally famili> ) ea* v>iety ( comb9ation4 ,! fifte5s =m$ by two c>ds only are ! simple/1 & %\ld be /udi$ fir/4 ,illu/ration3 ,x is obvi\s t if !re is 9 ! h& or ! />t] a duplicate ( ei!r ( ! c>ds =m+ ! fifte51 no matt] :i*1 ano!r fifte5 c be =m$1 & ! comb9ation w !re=e always be wor? #f po9ts2 #d = ! two fifte5s1 & #b = ! pair4 ,x mu/ n be =gott5 t 9 ! case ( t5? c>ds1 z !y are call$1 ! duplicates may n =m pairs1 z = in/ance ) ,k ,j #e4 ,! fifte5 is duplicat$1 b !re is no pair4 ,illu/ration3 ,if !re are two duplicates ( ei!r c>d1 ! comb9ation w always be wor? #ab po9ts2 #f = ! ?ree fifte5s1 & #f m = ! pair royal4 ,illu/ration3 ,if ! duplicates are ( two diff]5t c>ds1 ! comb9ation is /ill wor? #ab1 because f\r diff]5t fifte5s c be =m$ by comb9+ ea* ,n9e ) ea* ,six sep>ately1 & !re are two s+le pairs4 ,illu/ration3 ,! same is true ( any comb9ations ( two-c>d fifte5s 9 :i* all five c>ds are ( value2 !y are bo? ( ! same pegg+ value1 #bj po9ts4 ,if !re are ?ree duplicates ( "o c>d 9 ! orig9al fifte51 ! f\r sep>ate fifte5s w be wor? #h1 & ! d\ble pair royal #ab4 ,if !re are two duplicates ( "o c>d1 & "o ( ! o!r1 six sep>ate fifte5s c be =m$ by comb9+ ea* ,n9e ) ea* ,six1 pegg+ #ab2 & ! pair royal ( "o c>d ) ! s+le pair ( ! o!r w add #h m4 ,?ree-c>d ,fifte5s may be =m$ 9 fifte5 diff]5t ways1 rang+ f #aj #d ,a1 to #e #e #e4 ,if y hold any ( ^! comb9ations1 & h a f\r? c>d :i* is a duplicate ( any ( ! ?ree =m+ ! fifte51 ! value ( ! comb9ation w dep5d on h[ _m c>ds y c replace ) ! duplicate c>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,if y h an extra t5? c>d1 y c replace ! o!r t5? c>d once only1 & ! total value ( ! comb9ation is !re=e #f po9ts1 :i* is express$ by ! =mula2 8,fifte5-two1 fifte5-f\r1 & a pair40 ,illu/ration3 ,if y\r comb9ation 0 #i #c #c1 & y _h ano!r #i1 ! same ?+ w\ld be true2 b if y\r duplicate is a ,?ree1 !re are two c>ds :i* c be replac$1 & ! comb9ation is !re=e wor? #ab2 #f = ! ?ree fifte5s1 & #f m = ! pair royal4 ,illu/ration3 ,if y\r comb9ation is "o 9 :i* all ?ree c>ds c be replac$ ) ! duplicate1 mak+ ?ree extra fifte5s1 x mu/ be wor? #bj altoge!r2 #h = ! f\r fifte5s1 & #ab = ! d\ble pair royal4 ,illu/ration3 ,if y h two duplicates ( any "o c>d 9 ! orig9al comb9ation1 !re are only two extra fifte5s1 & ! comb9ation w be wor? #ab2 #f = ! ?ree fifte5s1 & #f m = ! pair royal4 ,illu/ration3 ,if y h duplicates ( two diff]5t c>ds y c =m f\r fifte5s2 because y c replace ! ,sev5 fir/1 & !n ! ,six1 & !n put ! fir/ ,sev5 back aga9 ) ! new ,six4 ,?is w make ! comb9ation ( ! same value z if y _h ?ree duplicates ( "o c>d1 #ab po9ts2 #h = ! f\r fifte5s1 & #d = ! two s+le pairs4 ,comb9ations4 ,! beg9n]'s greate/ difficulty is 9 c\nt+ h&s :i* conta9 all ?ree v>ieties ( c\nts2 pairs1 sequ5ces1 & fifte5s4 ,b if he is famili> ) ! values ( ! v>i\s comb9ations tak5 sep>ately1 he w h no difficulty 9 comput+ !m :5 !y are f\nd toge!r4 ,"s regul> ord] %\ld be obs]v$ 9 go+ ov] ! h&s1 s t no?+ %all be =gott54 ,! majority ( play]s beg9 ) ! fifte5s1 z !y are m liable to be ov]look$1 & !n reckon ! value ( ! runs & pairs toge!r4 ,take ! foll[+ examples3-- ,no4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #d4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #a conta9s a fifte5 9 addition to ! ?ree runs ( ?ree & ! pair royal1 & is !re=e wor? #ag altoge!r4 ,nos4 #b & #c ea* conta9 ?ree fifte5s2 b ,no4 #b is wor? #ba po9ts on acc\nt ( ! ?ree runs ( ?ree & ! pair royal1 :ile ,no4 #c is wor? only #af2 a d\ble run ( f\r & a s+le pair4 ,no4 #d conta9s f\r fifte5s 9 addition to ! f\r runs ( ?ree & two s+le pairs1 & is !re=e wor? #bd po9ts4 ,! be/ comb9ation t c be held 9 h& or crib is ?ree ,fives & a ,jack1 ) ! ,five ( ! same suit z ! ,jack = a />t]4 ,we h already se5 t ! f\r ,fives by !mselves are wor? #bj1 to :i* we mu/ add ! f\r extra fifte5s made by comb9+ ! ,jack ) ea* ,five sep>ately1 & "o m po9t = 8 nobs1 #bi altoge!r4 ,if ! ,jack 0 ! />t]1 ! comb9ation w\ld be wor? #cj to ! deal]1 b 8 heels w\ld h to be c\nt$ be=e a c>d 0 play$4 ,flu%es4 ,9 addition to ! =ego+ comb9ations1 if all f\r c>ds 9 ! h& are ( ! same suit ! play] c peg f\r po9ts = ! flu%2 if ! />t] is also ! same suit1 five po9ts4 ,a flu% does n c\nt 9 ! crib unless ! />t] is ! same suit1 & !n x c\nts five po9ts4 ,flu%es are nev] made 9 play4 ,lay+ ,out = ! ,crib4 ,) ?is k ( ! objects ( game1 & ! v>i\s c\nt+ comb9ations1 x w be se5 t ea* play] %\ld keep ! c>ds :i* c\nt ! mo/ = him1 or :i* are mo/ likely to =m good comb9ations ) diff]5t />t]s4 ,suppose ! non-deal] holds ^! c>ds3-- ,illu/ration3 ,if he puts ! two ,eights 9 8 adv]s>y's crib1 he n only gives him two v good c>ds1 :i* g to =m a great _m valuable comb9ations1 b he leaves himself absolutely no?+ b #b po9ts = a s+le fifte51 =m$ by ! #i & #f4 ,x w\ld be a little bett]1 b /ill v bad play1 = him to disc>d ! #h & #f1 leav+ himself a sequ5ce ( f\r c>ds & a fifte51 #f po9ts altoge!r4 ,he might d a little bett] by disc>d+ ! #aj & #h1 leav+ himself a run ( f\r1 & two fifte5s1 #h po9ts altoge!r4 ,if he disc>ds ei!r ! #aj & #i1 or ! #aj & #f1 he w leave himself a d\ble run ( ?ree1 a pair1 & two fifte5s1 #ab altoge!r4 ,( ^! two disc>ds1 t ( ! #aj & #f is bett] ?an ! #aj & #i1 because ! #aj & #i might help to =m a sequ5ce 9 ! adv]s>y's crib1 :]eas ! #aj & #f are s f> ap>t t !y are v unlikely to be ( any use4 ,c>ds :i* are likely to =m p>ts ( sequ5ces are call$ close c>ds1 & ^? :i* are too widely sep>at$ to d s are call$ wide c>ds4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! crib laid out & ! />t] cut1 ! pone beg9s by play+ any c>d he pleases4 ,! c>d he selects he lays face upw>d on ! table on 8 own side ( ! cribbage bo>d1 & at ! same "t ann\nces its pip value2 two1 five1 or t51 :atev] x may be4 ,x is !n ! deal]'s turn to play a c>d f 8 h&1 :i* is also laid face upw>d on ! table1 b on ! deal]'s side ( ! cribbage bo>d4 ,in/ead ( ann\nc+ ! pip value ( ?is second c>d1 ! deal] calls out ! total value ( ! two c>ds tak5 toge!r4 ,! pone !n lays ano!r c>d on ! table face upw>d & on ! top ( ! fir/1 :i* is n turn$ face d[n1 & at ! same "t ann\nces ! total pip value ( ! ?ree c>ds s f> play$2 ! deal] plays aga91 & s on4 ,if at any "t ! total pip value ( ! c>ds play$ is exactly #ae or #ca1 ! "o :o plays ! c>d t br+s x to t numb] pegs two po9ts = x at once4 ,if any c\nt+ comb9ation1 su* z a pair1 pair royal1 or sequ5ce1 is =m$ by ! c>ds play$1 its value is pegg$ by ! p]son t plays ! c>d :i* completes ! comb9ation2 b nei!r play] is all[$ to play a c>d :i* w make ! total pip value ( ! c>ds play$ pass #ca4 ,! me?od ( =m+ & pegg+ ^! v>i\s comb9ations 9 play w be bett] und]/ood if !y are describ$ sep>ately4 ,a c>d once play$ _c be tak5 up aga91 unless x passes #ca4 ,pairs4 ,if ! fir/ c>d play$ by ! pone %\ld be a #f1 & ! deal] _h a #f also1 ! latt] w\ld probably play x1 ann\nc+3 8,twelve1 ) a pair10 & pegg+ two holes4 ,if ! pone held a ?ird six he w\ld imm$iately play x1 ann\nc+3 8,eighte51 ) a pair royal10 & w\ld peg six holes = ! ?ree pairs :i* c be =m$ ) ! ?ree ,sixes1 al?\gh he did n hold all ( !m4 ,if ! deal] 0 =tunate en\gh to hold ! f\r? ,six he might rejo9 )3 8,tw5ty-f\r1 ) a d\ble-pair-royal40 ,?is w\ld entitle him to peg twelve m holes1 al?\gh he _h already pegg$ ! s+le pair4 ,sequ5ces4 ,suppose ! fir/ c>d play$ by ! pone 0 a #d4 ,! deal] plays a #b1 ann\nc+3 8,six40 ,! pone plays a #c1 ann\nc+3 8,n9e1 ) a run ( ?ree10 & pegg+ ?ree holes = ! sequ5ce =m$ 9 play4 ,! deal] plays an ,ace2 8,t51 ) a run ( f\r10 & pegs f\r holes = ! sequ5ce ( f\r c>ds made 9 play1 all ( :i* are face upw>d on ! table1 al?\gh he held only two ( !m4 ,fifte5s4 ,! pone !n plays a #e1 :i*1 add$ to ! #aj j ann\nc$ by ! deal]1 makes #ae1 ) a run ( five c>ds2 sev5 holes to peg altoge!r4 7,?is is q indep5d5t ( ! sequ5ce previ\sly scor$1 j z ! d\ble pair royal 0 ( ! previ\s s+le pair47 ,! deal] n[ plays a deuce1 & ann\nces sev5te54 ,?is c>d does n =m any sequ5ce ) ^? t h gone imm$iately be=e x1 because if ! ord] ( play is retrac$ x w be f\nd t ano!r deuce is enc\nt]$ be=e we rea* ! ,f\r4 ,?is illu/rates ! rule already giv51 t sequ5ces =m$ 9 play mu/ always be s+le1 & _c be reckon$ ) sub/itute c>ds1 l pairs royal4 ,if !y c\ld1 ! la/ play] 9 ?is case might claim a d\ble run ( five & a pair4 ,! pone n[ plays ano!r #d1 :i* =ms ! sequ5ce afre% if we g back to ! ?ird c>d play$4 ,he ann\nces3 8,tw5ty-"o1 ) a run ( five10 & pegs five holes m4 ,! deal] plays a #c1 also claim+ a run ( five1 :i* he pegs1 & z t is ! la/ c>d to be play$ 9 t h& he also pegs "o hole = la/ c>d4 ,! total score ( ! deal] is n[ #aj po9ts1 & t ( ! pone is #ae4 ,! c>ds !y held1 & ! ord] 9 :i* !y 7 play$ is z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 ,pone3-- ,deal]3-- ,,%[+4 ,9 ord] to illu/rate ! mann] ( c\nt+ ! h&s1 :i* is call$ %[+1 let u suppose ! />t] to be a ,que51 & t ! pone disc>d$ an ,ace & a ,t5 = ! crib1 ! deal] lay+ out two ,jacks4 ,! non-deal] always has ! fir/ %[1 z an (fset to ! advantage ( ! deal]'s crib4 ,! pone !re=e %[s 8 h&1 :i*1 comb9$ ) ! />t]1 is z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 ,?is is wor? #aj holes2 ! run ( ?ree ) "o duplicate is always wor? #h1 & ! fifte5 =m$ by ! />t] & ! ,five c\nts #b m4 ,?is puts ! pone's total score to #be po9ts4 ,! deal] !n c\nts1 %[+ 8 h& fir/4 ,?is1 ) ! />t]1 is z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 ,?is is wor? #ad holes4 ,9 addition to ! run ( ?ree ) "o duplicate1 ?ree fifte5s c be =m$ by comb9+ ! />t] & a ,?ree ) ea* ( ! deuces1 & !n tak+ ! />t] & ! ,ace ) bo? ! deuces toge!r4 ,?is puts ! deal]'s total score to #bd1 ) ! crib /ill to c\nt4 ,?is is z foll[s1 ) ! />t]3-- ,illu/ration3 ,?is is wor? #i holes2 #h = ! run ( ?ree ) "o duplicate1 & #a = 8 nobs4 ,!re are no fifte5s1 & ! ,ace is wor?less4 ,?is puts ! deal] ?ree holes r\nd ! corn]1 & on ! home/ret* = ! game hole4 ,! deal n[ passes to ! play] t 0 ! pone1 & ! next crib w belong to him4 ,beg9n]s (t5 exp]i5ce difficulty 9 decid+ :5 a run has be5 made 9 play1 & :5 x has n4 ,if !re is any dispute ab\t x1 ! c>ds %\ld be plac$ z %[n 9 ^! diagrams1 & if any duplicate is enc\nt]$ be=e ! run is complete1 x _c be pegg$4 ,take ! foll[+ examples3-- ,illu/ration3 ,!re is no sequ5ce1 because we enc\nt] a duplicate deuce be=e we rea* ! ,five4 ,if ! la/ play] _h a ,five to play n[1 x w\ld make a run ( five c>ds1 /opp+ at ! deuce ( he>ts4 ,take ! foll[+3-- ,illu/ration3 ,!re is no sequ5ce2 b if ! pone _h play$ 8 ,five = 8 second c>d1 ! deal] w\ld h pegg$ two runs2 "o ( f\r1 & "o ( six1 besides ! la/ c>d2 ! pone mak+ "o run ( five & a pair1 z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 ,x w be se5 t if ! deal] _h n play$ 8 ,ace & kept 8 ,six at ! la/1 ! pone w\ld h pegg$ elev5 holes on him1 in/ead ( sev54 ,g1 & ,?irty-"o4 ,:5 a p]son has no c>d :i* he c play )\t mak+ ! total pip value ( all ! c>ds play$ m ?an #ca1 he mu/ say to 8 adv]s>y3 8,g40 ,t is1 8,g on & play1 = ,i _c40 ,if 8 adv]s>y has no c>ds left1 ! play] mu/ say 8g0 to himself4 ,:5 a p]son is told to g1 he mu/ play z _m c>ds z he c )\t pass+ #ca4 ,if he rea*es #ca exactly1 he scores two po9ts2 if he _c q rea* x1 he scores "o po9t = ! g4 ,! pr9ciple is t if #ca _c be made by ei!r play]1 ! "o play+ ! c>d t br\ght ! c\nt ne>e/ to x %all c\nt "o = x1 ev5 if he has told himself to g4 ,!re is no c\nt = 8la/ c>d0 if x makes #ca4 ,b ! 8la/ c>d0 c\nts if x makes #ae4 ,if a play] tells ano!r to g :5 he c /ill play himself1 he =feits two po9ts1 & 8 adv]s>y may1 if he *ooses1 take back ! c>ds to ! po9t :]e ! error occurr$ & h !m play$ ov] aga94 ,! same p5alty c be en=c$ aga9/ a play] :o pegs = a g :5 he c /ill play4 ,suppose ! fir/ c>d play$ is a ,jack4 ,! deal]1 hold+ two ,n9es1 an ,eight1 & a ,five1 plays ! ,five1 & pegs #b = ! fifte54 ,! pone plays a ,n9e1 ann\nc+ ! total z tw5ty-f\r4 ,! deal] _c pair ?is ,n9e1 because x w\ld run ! c\nt pa/ #ca1 nei!r c he play ! ,eight1 s he says1 8,g40 ,! pone pegs ! g )\t play+1 :i* %[s t he is also unable to play1 hav+ no?+ s small z a ,sev54 ,bo? !n turn d[n ! c>ds already play$1 & ! "o ^: turn x is to play beg9s all ov] aga9 ) 8 rema9+ c>ds or c>d1 ann\nc+ its face value1 8 adv]s>y play+ aft] him until _! c>ds are exhau/$ or !y rea* ano!r #ca4 ,to cont9ue ! =ego+ example1 let u suppose ! deal] to play "o ( 8 ,n9es4 ,! pone plays a ,jack1 & ann\nces 8,n9ete540 ,! deal] plays 8 rema9+ ,n9e1 & calls 8,tw5ty-eight40 ,! pone tells him to g1 & he pegs "o4 ,^! ?ree c>ds are turn$ d[n4 ,! pone !n plays a ,t51 & ! deal] m>ks "o = ! la/ c>d4 ,! h&s & crib are !n %[n4 ,if ei!r play] c rea* exactly #ca1 he scores two po9ts = x1 :e!r he has be5 told to g or n4 ,suppose ! pone beg9s ) a ,n9e4 ,! deal] plays a ,six & pegs #b = ! fifte54 ,! pone pairs ! ,six1 calls 8,tw5ty-"o10 & pegs #b = ! pair4 ,! deal] ) two ,fives & a ,f\r 9 8 h&1 plays ! ,f\r1 & calls 8,tw5ty-five10 hop+ ! pone has no small c>d1 :i* w all[ ! deal] to make a run ( ?ree ) "o ( 8 ,fives if he is told to g4 ,b ! pone plays a ,five1 call+3 8,?irty1 ) a run ( ?ree40 ,! deal] tells him to g1 & he plays an ,ace1 pegg+ two holes = ! #ca4 ,! c>ds are all turn$ d[n1 & ! pone hav+ no c>ds1 ! deal] plays 8 two ,fives1 & pegs a pair & ! la/ c>d4 ,! pair c\nts 9 ?is case because ! adv]s>y has no c>ds to int]f]e ) x4 ,a run ( ?ree might be play$ & scor$ 9 ! same way1 because ! score = comb9ations made 9 play are det]m9$ by ! ord] 9 :i* ! c>ds are play$1 irrespective ( :o plays !m4 ,irregul>ities 9 ,h&s4 ,if a play] is f\nd to h too _m or too few c>ds1 aft] he has laid out = ! crib1 8 adv]s>y pegs two po9ts1 & may also claim a fre% deal4 ,if ! deal is all[$ to /&1 sup]flu\s c>ds mu/ be drawn at r&om by ! adv]s>y1 :o may look at ! c>d or c>ds s drawn be=e plac+ !m 9 ! pack4 ,if ei!r play] is f\nd to h too few c>ds aft] hav+ laid out = ! crib1 he has no rem$y4 ,8 adv]s>y pegs two po9ts1 & ! %ort h& mu/ be play$ & %[n = :at x is wor?4 ,irregul> ,cribs4 ,if ! sup]flu\s c>d is f\nd 9 ! crib1 & ! non-deal] _h ! %ort h&1 ! deal] may reckon all ! comb9ations he c make 9 ! six-c>d crib2 b if x 0 ! deal] :o _h ! %ort h&1 ! sup]flu\s crib is void4 ,if ! crib conta9s a sup]flu\s c>d1 bo? ! play]s hav+ _! "r numb]1 ! non-deal] pegs two holes = ! evid5t misdeal1 & ! crib is void4 ,if bo? play]s h _! "r numb]1 & ! crib is %ort1 x mu/ be %[n = :at x is wor?2 b ! non-deal] pegs two holes = ! evid5t misdeal4 ,irregul> ,ann\ncem5ts4 ,!re is no p5alty if a play] ann\nces a wrong numb] z ! total ( ! c>ds play$1 provid$ he does n peg an errone\s fifte5 or ?irty-"o4 ,if ! foll[+ play] does n correct ! ann\ncem5t1 b plays & adds to x1 ! error _c be rectifi$4 ,if any holes are pegg$ = an errone\s ann\ncem5t1 ! adv]s>y may dem& t !y be tak5 d[n aga91 & may add ! numb] to 8 own score4 ,misc\nt+4 ,if a play] ov]-c\nts 8 h&1 crib1 or play1 & pegs ! po9ts errone\sly claim$1 8 adv]s>y may call att5tion to ! error1 dem& t ! sup]flu\s po9ts be tak5 d[n aga91 & may add !m to 8 own score z p5alty4 ,%\ld a play] neglect to peg ! full value ( 8 h&1 crib1 or play1 8 adv]s>y may add ! neglect$ po9ts to 8 own score1 aft] po9t+ out ! omission4 ,%\ld a play] be mi/ak5 9 exact+ ei!r ( ^! p5alties1 he mu/ n only take d[n :at he pegg$1 b all[ 8 adv]s>y to peg ! same numb] z p5alty4 ,none ( ^! corrections c be claim$ until ! play] 9 error has pegg$ & quitt$ ! score2 t is1 remov$ 8 f+]s f ! front peg4 ,! claim %\ld always be prefac$ by ! ^w ,mugg9s4 ,if ! error is "o ( omission 9 play1 ! adv]s>y mu/ play 8 own c>d be=e claim+ mugg9s4 ,if x is 9 ! h& or crib1 ! adv]s>y mu/ wait until ! po9ts claim$ are pegg$ & quitt$4 ,if !re are no po9ts claim$1 he mu/ wait until ! c>ds are turn$ face d[n1 ?us ackn[l$g+ t !re is app>5tly no?+ to score4 ,a play] is n all[$ to tell 8 adv]s>y :e!r or n he has c\nt$ 8 h& or crib correctly1 until x is pegg$4 ,n9ete54 ,z x is impossible to hold #ai 9 h& or crib1 x is a common practice = a play]1 :5 he has no?+ at all to score1 to ann\nce1 8,n9ete540 ,! numb]s tw5ty-sev51 tw5ty-six & tw5ty-five are also impossible4 ,pegg+4 ,nei!r play] is all[$ to t\* ! o!r's pegs4 ,if ! score is errone\s1 ! play] 9 fault mu/ be call$ ^u to rem$y x himself4 ,a play] ^: pegs are t\*$ by 8 adv]s>y c score two holes = p5alty4 ,if a play] removes 8 adv]s>y's front peg1 ! latt] may imm$iately claim ! game4 ,if a play] displaces 8 own front peg1 he mu/ place x beh9d ! o!r4 ,if bo? play]s displace _! front pegs1 z by accid5t1 !y may agree to replace !m :]e !y believe !m to h /ood2 b if !y _c agree !y mu/ call ! game void4 ,pegg+ ,out4 ,9 pegg+ dur+ ! play1 ! fir/ man to rea* 8 game hole w9s1 no matt] :at ei!r may h 9 h& or crib4 ,if nei!r c peg out 9 play1 ! non-deal] has ! fir/ %[4 ,if he _c %[ out1 ! deal] proce$s to c\nt 8 h& & !n 8 crib4 ,if he _c %[ out !re mu/ be a new deal4 ,,*eat+4 ,! greate/ advantage at ,cribbage is to secure good />t]s1 & = ?is purpose ! greek adopts v>i\s me?ods ( trimm+ & m>k+ ! c>ds s t he may secure a />t] exactly suit$ to 8 h&4 ,aft] trimm+ c]ta9 c>ds a trifle long] or %ort] ?an o!rs1 ! pack to be cut may be pres5t$ to ! pone 9 su* a mann] t he w unconsci\sly lift !m ei!r by ! ends or ! sides1 accord+ to ! wi% ( ! deal]1 & s uncov] a />t] exactly suit$ to ! deal]'s h& or crib4 ,:5 ! %>p] has ! cut1 he c ( c\rse uncov] any c>d he pleases4 ,) m>k$ edges1 ! pone c cut d[n to a c>d ( any desir$ d5om9ation4 ,"s audaci\s gambl]s make x a rule to get a />t] by simply remov+ ! top c>d & turn+ up ! next "o4 ,x is ne$less to say t ! second c>d has be5 c>efully pre-arrang$4 ,any p]son :o f+]s ! pack long] ?an necess>y 9 cutt+ />t]s1 or :o cuts sometimes by ! edge & sometimes by ! side1 w be> wat*+4 ,m>k$ c>ds & second deal+ are great weapons 9 a game :]e s mu* dep5ds on a k ( ! adv]s>y's h&1 & on secur+ good c\nt+ c>ds = y\rself4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,9 ! six-c>d game ! h& is m valuable ?an ! crib1 because y "k :at x conta9s1 :]eas ! crib is l>gely speculative4 ,9 ! five-c>d game1 9 :i* !re are only ?ree c>ds 9 ! h& & f\r 9 ! crib1 x is usual to sacrifice ! h& v l>gely = ! possibilities ( ! crib1 because ( ! mu* l>g] scores t c be made ) five c>ds1 ! />t] & f\r 9 ! crib4 ,baulk+4 ,9 bo? games x is ! duty ( ! pone to baulk ! deal]'s crib z mu* z possible1 by lay+ out c>ds :i* are v unlikely to be wor? any?+1 ei!r 9 mak+ fifte5s or 9 fill+ up sequ5ces4 ,pairs x is impossible to provide aga9/1 & ! *ance ( mak+ a flu% is remote1 b %\ld be avoid$ if !re is any *oice4 ,! be/ baulk is a ,k+ & ,n9e2 t5? c>ds & ,aces are also v good c>ds to lay out4 ,c>ds :i* are at lea/ two pips ap>t1 call$ wide c>ds1 are bett] ?an close c>ds1 z ! latt] may =m sequ5ces4 ,fives are v bad disc>ds1 & s are any c>ds t =m a five or a fifte54 ,! ,crib4 ,9 lay+ out = 8 own crib1 ! deal] %\ld pres]ve 8 own h& z mu* z possible2 b o!r ?+s be+ equal1 ! be/ c>ds to lay out are pairs1 close c>ds1 & c>ds t =m fives1 su* z ,f\rs & ,aces4 ,if ^! elem5ts c be comb9$1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,an ,eight & a ,sev51 = in/ance1 are n only close c>ds1 be+ only "o pip ap>t1 b =m a fifte54 ,! same is true ( a trey & deuce4 ,keep+4 ,9 select+ ! h& to keep1 mu* dep5ds on ! score4 ,e>ly 9 ! game y want a c\nt+ h&2 ne> ! end1 especially if y h only f\r or five po9ts to g1 y want a pegg+ h&2 t is1 "o ) e c>d diff]5t1 s t y c pair sev]al c>ds1 or make fifte5s ) almo/ any?+ t ! pone may lead4 ,9 keep+ a c\nt+ h&1 mu* dep5ds on :e!r x is good 9 itself1 or ne$s a />t]4 ,9 reckon+ on ! possibilities ( ! />t]1 x mu/ nev] be =gott5 t !re are sixte5 t5? c>ds 9 ! pack1 & t !y are !re=e ! mo/ probable />t]s ( all4 ,x is bett] to keep sequ5ces op5 at bo? ends ?an ^? op5 9 ! middle4 ,) two ,sev5s & two ,eights1 ei!r a ,six or a ,n9e w make y\r h& wor? #bd2 b ) two ,eights & two ,sixes1 no?+ b a ,sev5 w improve y\r h& m ?an #d po9ts4 ,sequ5ces are ! be/ to keep1 especially ^? ( ?ree c>ds ) a duplicate4 ,aft] !m pairs royal are valuable1 & next to !m c>ds :i* w make a numb] ( fives 9 v>i\s comb9ations1 su* z two ,?rees & two deuces4 ,lead+4 ,!re are two sy/ems ( play+1 kn[n z play+ (f1 & play+ on1 & !y are select$ accord+ to ! play]'s position 9 ! score4 ,long exp]i5ce has %[n t 9 six-c>d ,cribbage ! av]age expectation ( ! non-deal] = 8 h& & play is #ab po9ts2 & = ! deal]1 9 h&1 crib1 & play1 is #ag4 ,?is be+ s1 ea* play] hav+ _h a deal1 _! scores %\ld be ab\t #bi4 ,if a play] is #bi or m1 he is said to be at home2 & if he is sev5 or m po9ts ahead ( 8 adv]s>y on ev5 deals1 he is said to be safe at home4 ,:5 a play] is safe at home1 he %\ld play (f2 t is1 take no *ances ( scor+ himself t might give 8 adv]s>y a *ance to make a /ill bett] score4 ,?is is usually f\nd 9 ! me?od ( play+ sequ5ces4 ,a play] :o avoids play+ c>ds t might lead up to a run is said to play (f4 ,if he invites ! run1 hop+ to make x long] himself1 he is said to play on4 ,:5 a play] is beh9d1 x is bett] = him to play on1 & to seize e *ance to score1 especially ) sequ5ces4 ,z x is consid]$ an advantage to be ahead on ! fir/ deal1 mo/ play]s pref] a =w>d game on ! op5+ h&4 ,play+ ,(f4 ,9 ?is x is be/ to play c>ds on :i* x is unlikely t y\r adv]s>y c score4 ,lead ,aces1 ,twos & ,?rees1 :i* _c be made into fifte5s4 ,d n pair 8 c>ds unless y h a c>d :i* w make y a d\ble pair royal1 7)\t pass+ #ca17 if he %\ld make a pair royal on y4 ,d n play close c>ds :i* he may turn into sequ5ces4 ,nev] play a c>d :i* w all[ ! adv]s>y to make a d\ble score1 su* z a pair & a fifte51 or a sequ5ce & a fifte5 at ! same "t4 ,su* z ! foll[+ are all bad plays3 #i on #c2 #g on ,a2 #f on #c1 #d1 or #e2 #e on #e2 #d on #g2 #c on #i2 ,a on #g4 ,all ^! expose y to ! imm$iate rejo9d] ( a d\ble c\nt4 ,( c\rse1 if y h ! c>d to make a pair royal 9 return1 t is ano!r matt]1 & is play+ on1 n play+ (f4 ,d n play a c>d :i* br+s ! pip c\nt to #e or #ba if y c help x2 because any t5? c>d w enable y\r adv]s>y to peg two holes4 ,be a little w>y ab\t pair+ ! fir/ c>d play$1 unless y h a ?ird ( ! same d5om9ation4 ,if y h a *oice betwe5 a pair & a sequ5ce1 y\r decision w dep5d on :e!r y are play+ (f or on4 ,if y are play+ (f1 make ! pair1 & take no *ances ( long runs4 ,play+ ,on4 ,9 ?is y play to give y\r adv]s>y a c\nt1 hop+ to make a bett] y\rself4 ,x is always advantage\s to play "o ( a pair1 & to beg9 ) "o end ( a sequ5ce4 ,if he pairs y\r fir/ c>d1 y c reply ) a pair royal4 ,if he plays to make a sequ5ce1 y c sometimes hold him (f until y get ! score1 & he w be unable to cont9ue ! run )\t pass+ #ca4 ,play "o ( two c>ds t =m a five1 su* z #c & #b2 #d & ,a4 ,if he plays a t5? c>d to x1 y c peg fifte54 ,9 play+ on1 y %\ld make all ! sequ5ces possible1 tak+ *ances ( y\r adv]s>y's be+ able to cont9ue ! run4 ,if y ?9k he is lead+ y on1 y mu/ be guid$ by ! /ate ( ! score z to h[ mu* y c risk4 ,t[>d ! end1 y mu/ reckon pretty closely h[ _m po9ts y c af=d to risk y\r adv]s>y's mak+ )\t putt+ him out4 ,if y h en\gh 9 y\r h& to get out on ! %[1 y %\ld n attempt to make a s+le po9t 9 play4 ,pair no?+1 = he might come out ) a pair royal2 make no runs1 = he might ext5d !m4 ,b if y h n en\gh to %[ out1 y mu/ take e *ance to peg ! diff]5ce1 because if y _c get out 9 play & fir/ %[1 ! deal] has n only bo? h& & crib aga9/ y1 b ! fir/ %[ on ! next deal4 ,9 six-c>d ,cribbage1 ! usual pegg+ = ! play is five holes = ! deal]1 & f\r or five = ! non-deal]4 ,by add+ ?is expectation to y\r %[1 y c see h[ _m y c hope to peg y\rself1 & h[ _m ! deal] w probably be on h&1 crib & peg altoge!r4 ,! h&s %\ld av]age #g po9ts1 & ! cribs #e4 ,,five-,,c>d ,,cribbage4 ,9 ?is =m ( ! game only five c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 "o at a "t4 ,two ( ^! are laid out = ! crib1 & ! ?ree rema9+ are us$ 9 play1 exactly z 9 ! six-c>d game4 ,?ree = ,la/4 ,! non-deal] on ! fir/ h& ( ea* game is all[$ to peg ?ree holes z a comp5sation = ! advantage 8 adv]s>y d]ives f hav+ ! fir/ deal4 ,al?\gh ! rules all[ ^! ?ree to be pegg$ at any "t dur+ ! game1 !y %\ld be put up imm$iately1 9 ord] to avoid disputes4 ,!re is no fur!r play aft] a g is decl>$1 or ei!r play] has rea*$ #ca4 ,! score = #ca is two holes2 & = ! g1 "o hole4 ,great importance is atta*$ to ! score = ! g at five-c>d ,cribbage1 because s little is made 9 play t e po9t c\nts4 ,! ,crib4 ,?is is ! mo/ important ?+ 9 ! five-c>d game1 & x is mu* m important to baulk y\r adv]s>y's crib ?an to pres]ve y\r own h&4 ,! be/ baulk+ c>ds are a ,k+ ) a #aj1 #i1 #h1 #g1 #f or ,a4 ,nev] lay out a ,jack1 nor two c>ds :i* =m a five1 nor any pair1 nor any two close c>ds4 ,9 lay+ out = y\r own crib1 ,fives1 ,sev5s & ,eights are ! be/4 ,any pair1 any two c>ds t make five or fifte51 & any close c>ds are also good4 ,keep pairs royal & runs 9 y\r h&1 & d n =get t a flu% ( ?ree c\nts 9 ! h&2 b ! />t] mu/ agree to make a flu% 9 ! crib4 ,play+ ,(f & ,on4 ,! pegg+ 9 play is usually small2 #b = ! deal]1 & an av]age ( #a = ! non-deal]1 h5ce ! importance ( ! g4 ,! av]age h& is a little less ?an #e1 & ! crib ab\t #e4 ,! play] is at home if he has pegg$ #ag 9 two deals1 8 own & 8 adv]s>y's4 ,he is safe at home if he is #g ahead1 or 8 adv]s>y is #g beh9d4 ,9 ,five-c>d ,cribbage1 m ?an any o!r game1 x is true t a game is nev] won until x is lo/4 ,take ! foll[+ example1 9 :i* ! pone is #ef up1 & ! deal] has pegg$ only #e holes altoge!r4 ,! sep>at$ c>ds %[ ^? laid out = ! crib1 & ! odd c>d is ! />t]4 ,illu/ration3 ,pone2-- ,deal]2-- ,! pone leads a ,sev51 & aft]w>ds pairs ! deal]'s ,six1 pegg+ to #eh4 ,! deal] pegs #f = ! pair royal1 & is told to g4 ,?is enables ! deal] to make a d\ble pair royal & #ca1 pegg+ f\rte5 holes m4 7,! la/ c>d does n c\nt :5 a g or #ca is pegg$74 ,on ! %[ ! pone has only a pair1 :i* puts him to #fj1 )9 "o ( ! game hole4 ,! deal] %[s #ab 9 h& & #ag 9 crib1 mak+ him #ed up4 ,9 ! next deal ! play] :o want$ "o c\ld n peg1 8 adv]s>y secur+ a fifte5 & a g1 & %[+ out ) a pair & a fifte51 #fa up & game4 ,,?ree-,,h&$ ,,cribbage4 ,five c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 & !n ano!r1 face d[n1 = ! f\ndation ( ! crib4 ,ea* play] !n lays out "o c>d to make ! deal]'s crib up to f\r4 ,! />t] is cut by ! play] on ! deal]'s left1 & ! game proce$s z at six-c>d ,cribbage1 ! elde/ h& hav+ ! fir/ %[1 ! deal] ! la/4 ,,f\r-,,h&$ ,,cribbage4 ,:5 f\r play1 !y cut = p>tn]s1 *oice ( seats1 & deal2 ! two l[e/ pair+ aga9/ ! two highe/1 & ! l[e/ tak+ ! fir/ deal & crib4 ,! game is usually #aba po9ts up1 or twice r\nd ! bo>d1 & only "o play] on ea* side keeps ! score4 ,five c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 "o at a "t1 & "o ( ^! is disc>d$ f ea* h& to =m ! crib1 leav+ f\r c>ds ) :i* to play4 ,! "r-h& adv]s>y ( ! deal] cuts = deal2 ! left-h& adv]s>y = ! />t]4 ,! elde/ h& plays fir/1 & all pairs1 sequ5ces1 & fifte5s are scor$ by ! side mak+ !m4 ,if a play] says 8g10 8 left-h& neighb\r mu/ play1 or pass ! g to ! next play] on 8 left4 ,9 ?is way x may pass entirely r\nd ! table to ! la/ play]1 :o w !n peg = x4 ,at ?is game !re is a great deal m 9 ! play ?an 9 ei!r h& or crib4 ,! av]age h& & crib is ! same z at six-c>d ,cribbage1 #g = ! h& & #e = ! crib1 b ! play = ! p>tn]s w run to #h or #aj holes4 ,ei!r side %\ld be at home ) #dh to #ej on two deals2 f\r individual h&s ( #g ea*1 f\r plays ( five ea*1 & "o crib ( #e4 ,,sev5-,,c>d ,,cribbage4 ,?is =m ( ! game = two play]s diff]s f ! o!rs only 9 ! numb] ( c>ds dealt to ea* play]1 :i* is sev54 ,two are laid out = ! crib1 & five kept = play+4 ,!re be+ six c>ds 9 ea* h&1 ) ! />t]1 ! c\nt+ comb9ations sometimes run into high figures1 & x is !re=e usual to play ! game #aba or ev5 #aha po9ts up4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re are no au?oritative ,,laws = ,cribbage1 b ! =ego+ descriptions conta9 all ! regulations 9 =ce at ! be/ clubs4 ,,text ,,books4 ,! ,cribbage ,play]'s ,h&book1 by ,walk]4 ,bzique & ,cribbage1 by ,b]keley4 ,pocket ,guide to ,cribbage1 by 8,cav5di%40 ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,games4 ,cribbage1 by ,rawdon ,crawley4 ,dick's ,h&book ( ,cribbage4 ,,piquet4 ,piquet is suppos$ to h be5 introduc$ dur+ ! reign ( ,*>les ,,vii41 & 0 design$ z a motif = a ballet ( liv+ c>ds :i* 0 giv5 9 ! palace ( ,*9on4 ,( ! etymology ( ! ^w piquet1 little or no?+ is kn[n1 b ! game itself is "o ( ^? p]5nials t h surviv$ mu* m pret5ti\s rivals1 &1 ?anks to its intr9sic m]its1 x has nev] s9ce its inv5tion ceas$ to be m or less la mode4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( ,piquet1 b ! /raight=w>d game = two play]s1 sometimes call$ ,piquet au ,c5t1 or #ajj po9ts up1 is ! mo/ common & popul>1 & w be fir/ describ$4 ,,c>ds4 ,piquet is play$ ) a pack ( ?irty-two c>ds1 all bel[ ! ,sev5 be+ delet$4 ,! c>ds rank3 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g1 ! ,ace be+ ! highe/ bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,!re is no trump 9 ,piquet1 & all suits are equal 9 value4 ,two packs are sometimes us$1 "o by ea* play] 9 8 prop] turn to deal4 ,! c>ds h a c]ta9 pip-c\nt+ value1 ! ,ace be+ reckon$ = #aa1 o!r c\rt c>ds = #aj ea*1 & ! #g #h #i #aj = _! face value4 ,,m>k]s4 ,z ! scores are n put d[n until ! end ( ! h& or play ! game is usually kept on a %eet ( pap]1 or x may be m>k$ on a cribbage bo>d4 ,,play]s4 ,piquet is play$ by two p]sons1 :o sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,!y are kn[n z ! deal]1 & ! eld] h& or pone4 ,,cutt+4 ,!y cut = seats & c>ds1 ! l[] cut hav+ ! *oice1 & deal+ ! fir/ h&4 ,if a play] exposes m ?an "o c>d ! l[e/ ( ^? expos$ mu/ be tak5 z 8 cut4 ,ties are decid$ by cutt+ a second "t4 ,,/akes4 ,piquet is play$ = s mu* a game ( #ajj po9ts2 b if ! los] has n rea*$ #ej po9ts he is lur*$1 & loses a d\ble game4 ,,deal+4 ,! c>ds %uffl$1 !y are pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 & at lea/ two c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,twelve c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 ei!r two or ?ree at a "t2 b :i*ev] me?od is fir/ select$ mu/ be ma9ta9$ ?r\gh\t ! game4 ,9 ,engl& ! c>ds are always dealt by twos4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,! rema9+ eight c>ds are plac$ face d[nw>d on ! table1 ! five top c>ds be+ laid crosswise on ! ?ree at ! bottom4 ,^! eight c>ds are call$ ! talon or /ock4 ,ea* play] deals 9 turn4 ,irregul>ities 9 ,deal+4 ,if ! pack is prov$ to be imp]fect ! deal is void1 b all previ\s scores or cuts made ) t pack /& good4 ,a misdeal does n lose ! deal "u any circum/ances4 ,if a c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack !re mu/ be a fre% deal ) ! same c>ds4 ,if a play] deals out ( turn1 & detects ! error himself be=e he sees any ( 8 c>ds1 he may insi/ on 8 adv]s>y's deal+1 ev5 if ! adv]s>y has se5 8 c>ds4 ,z ! deal is a disadvantage ! adv]s>y is n b\nd to correct ! play] 9 error4 ,if ! deal] gives too _m or too few c>ds to ei!r play] a new deal is at ! option ( ! adv]s>y4 ,! error w ( c\rse be detect$ :5 x is f\nd t !re are only sev5 c>ds 9 ! talon4 ,if ! non-deal] elects to h ! deal /&1 ! error 9 ! play]'s h& mu/ be rem$i$ 9 ! disc>d1 z w pres5tly be describ$1 & ! /ock mu/ be divid$ #d-c or #e-b1 accord+ to :i* play] has too _m c>ds4 ,c>te ,blan*e4 ,! c>ds dealt1 ea* play] takes up 8 twelve c>ds & sorts !m into suits4 ,if ! pone f9ds himself )\t a ,k ,q or ,j1 he %\ld imm$iately claim #aj po9ts = c>te blan*e4 ,if ! deal] holds c>te blan*e1 he does n decl>e x until ! pone has disc>d$4 ,,disc>d+4 ,! five c>ds on ! top ( ! talon belong to ! pone1 & he may disc>d f 8 h& any numb] ( c>ds f "o to five1 & replace !m by an equal numb] f ! top ( ! /ock4 ,he mu/ take at lea/ "o c>d1 & he mu/ take f ! talon 9 ! natural ord] ( ! c>ds4 ,if he has elect$ to let a deal /& 9 :i* he has be5 giv5 ?irte5 c>ds1 he is entitl$ to f\r c>ds only f ! talon1 & mu/ 9 all cases leave himself ) twelve c>ds aft] 8 disc>d & draw are complet$4 ,if he does n take all five c>ds1 he mu/ ann\nce di/9ctly h[ _m he leaves1 = if he fails to d s ! deal] is n liable = hav+ too _m c>ds4 ,! deal] !n disc>ds1 fir/ decl>+ c>te blan*e if he holds x4 ,9 ,engl&1 he ne$ n draw at all1 9 ,france he mu/ draw at lea/ "o c>d4 ,besides ! ?ree c>ds :i* belong to him1 he is entitl$ to take z _m z he pleases ( ^? left by ! pone1 & 9 draw+ f ! talon he mu/ take ! c>ds 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y come4 ,if two c>ds are left by ! pone1 = in/ance1 & ! deal] wants ?ree only1 he mu/ take ! two left by ! pone & "o ( 8 own ?ree1 leav+ ! two o!rs face d[n on ! table4 ,! numb] ( c>ds 9 h& aft] ! disc>d & draw mu/ be exactly twelve4 ,only "o disc>d is all[$1 & hav+ be5 made x _c be *ang$ aft] ! /ock has be5 t\*$4 ,if ! pone does n take all ! c>ds to :i* he is entitl$1 he is all[$ to look at ^? t rema9 ( ! fir/ five t 7 on ! talon2 b on no acc\nt may he look at any ( ! deal]'s ?ree4 ,if ! deal] leaves any c>ds 9 ! /ock1 he has a "r to look at !m1 b ! pone may n see !m until he has l$ = ! fir/ trick1 or ann\nc$ ! suit he w lead4 ,if he ann\nces a suit1 & aft] see+ ! c>ds 9 ! /ock does n lead t suit1 ! deal] may call a suit4 ,if ! deal] does n look at ! rema9+ c>ds ! pone _c see !m ei!r4 ,ea* play] keeps 8 disc>ds sep>ate f ^? ( 8 adv]s>y1 & is all[$ to ref] to !m at any "t dur+ ! play ( ! h&1 b on no acc\nt c he see 8 adv]s>y's disc>ds1 unless t adv]s>y has mix$ ) !m "o or m ( ! unse5 c>ds t 7 left 9 ! /ock1 & aft]w>d picks up & looks at 8 disc>d1 includ+ ! c>d :i* ! o!r is entitl$ to see4 ,= in/ance3 ,! deal] leaves a c>d )\t look+ at x4 ,?is he aft]w>d mixes ) 8 disc>d4 ,n[1 if he looks at 8 disc>d1 ( c\rse he sees ! c>d left 9 ! /ock1 & ! pone may dem& to see n only ! c>d left1 b ! entire disc>d4 ,! same rule applies to ! pone if he takes into 8 disc>ds an unse5 c>d ( ! /ock4 ,irregul> ,disc>ds4 ,if a play] disc>ds less c>ds ?an he int5d$1 x is too late to rem$y ! error if he has t\*$ ! /ock4 ,if he disc>ds too _m c>ds1 z ! deal] frequ5tly w by lay+ out five in/ead ( ?ree1 he may take !m back if he has n t\*$ ^? 9 ! /ock1 b if he t\*es any c>d 9 ! /ock1 he mu/ play ) ! %ort h& if !re are n en\gh c>ds left 9 ! /ock to make 8 h& up to twelve4 ,irregul> ,draw+4 ,if ! pone draws "o ( ! ?ree c>ds :i* prop]ly belong to ! deal]1 he loses ! game2 & if ! deal] draws any ( ! fir/ five1 be=e ! pone has ann\nc$ t he leaves !m1 ! deal] loses ! game4 ,! deal] has no "r to t\* any "p ( ! /ock until ! pone has disc>d$ & drawn2 b if ! pone draws )\t mak+ any ann\ncem5t ab\t leav+ c>ds1 ! deal] has a "r to assume t five c>ds h be5 tak51 & t only ?ree rema9 9 ! /ock4 ,= in/ance3 ,! pone disc>ds five c>ds1 b draws f\r only1 )\t say+ any?+4 ,! deal] proce$s to disc>d & draw4 ,he has ( c\rse tak5 "o ( ! pone's c>ds1 b x is too late to rem$y ! error or claim a p5alty1 & ! pone mu/ play ) elev5 c>ds4 ,x is evid5t t ! deal] w h too _m c>ds1 b z he has be5 l$ into ! error by 8 adv]s>y1 he mu/ be all[$ to disc>d to r$uce 8 h& to twelve4 ,if a play] takes a c>d too _m f ! /ock1 he may replace x if he has n put x ) ! o!r c>ds 9 8 h&4 ,if he has se5 x1 he mu/ %[ x to 8 adv]s>y4 ,if ! sup]flu\s c>d has be5 tak5 into ! h&1 ! play] mu/ h too _m c>ds1 & c score no?+ t deal4 ,?is does n prev5t ! adv]s>y f scor+ any?+ he may h 9 h& or play1 ev5 if x is inf]ior4 ,if a play] is f\nd to h too few c>ds aft] ! draw1 he may /ill play & c\nt all he c make1 b he _c w9 a capot1 because he has no c>d = ! la/ trick1 :i* mu/ be won by 8 adv]s>y4 ,! ,/ock4 ,if a play] looks at "o ( 8 adv]s>y's c>ds 9 ! /ock be=e or dur+ ! draw1 he c c\nt no?+ t h&4 ,if he looks at a c>d left 9 ! talon aft] ! draw1 :i* he is n entitl$ to see1 8 adv]s>y may call a suit f him z _m times z he has se5 c>ds4 ,if a c>d ( ! talon is accid5tally expos$1 ! play] to :om x w\ld naturally belong may dem& a fre% deal4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,9 ord] to und]/& ! pr9ciples t guide play]s 9 disc>d+1 ! objects ( ! game mu/ fir/ be expla9$4 ,!re are ?ree classes ( c\nt+ comb9ations at ,piquet1 & ! play] t holds ! bett] ( ea* class1 scores x4 ,^! comb9ations are3 ,po9t2 ,sequ5ce2 ,f\rs & ,triplets4 ,! ,po9t is ! suit hav+ ! greate/ pip value1 reckon+ ! ,ace z #aa1 c\rt c>ds z #aj ea*1 & ! #aj #i #h #g at _! face value4 ,if "o play]'s be/ suit conta9s five c>ds1 wor? #dh po9ts1 & 8 adv]s>y has a suit wor? #ea1 ! latt] w\ld be ! only "o to c\nt1 & x w\ld be call$ ! po9t = t deal4 ,! value ( ! po9t is ! numb] ( c>ds t g to make x4 ,9 ,engl&1 !y c\nt a po9t conta9+ ! #g #h & #i z wor? "o less ?an ! numb] ( c>ds4 ,?is is a mod]n inv5tion1 unkn[n to ! old] writ]s on ! game1 & n always play$4 ,sequ5ce4 ,?ree or m c>ds ( ! same suit1 if next 9 value to "o ano!r1 =m a sequ5ce4 ,! ,fr5* t]ms are g5]ally us$ to designate ! numb] ( c>ds 9 ! sequ5ce3 ,ti]ce1 ,quatrime1 ,qu9te1 ,sixime1 ,septime1 ,huitime4 ,_m ,engli% works on c>ds errone\sly spell qu9te )\t ! 8e10 & give 8qu>t0 = a sequ5ce ( f\r4 ,if "o is go+ to use ! ,fr5* language at all1 x may z well be us$ correctly4 ,sequ5ces outrank "o ano!r accord+ to ! be/ c>d1 if !y are ( equal l5g?2 s t a qu9te to a ,k+ w\ld be bett] ?an a qu9te to a ,que52 b a long] sequ5ce always outranks a %ort] "o1 reg>dless ( ! high c>ds4 ,! play] hold+ ! be/ sequ5ce is entitl$ to score x1 toge!r ) any inf]ior sequ5ces he may hold 9 o!r suits4 ,%\ld 8 adv]s>y hold int]m$iate sequ5ces1 !y are ( no value4 ,= in/ance3 ,"o play] holds a qu9te to ! ,jack 9 spades1 a ti]ce to ! ,t5 9 he>ts1 & a ti]ce to ! ,n9e 9 clubs2 :ile ! o!r holds a quatrime majeure 7,a ,k ,q ,j7 9 he>ts1 diamonds1 & clubs4 ,none ( ! latt] are ( any value2 b all ^? 9 ! o!r h& are good4 ,if ! be/ sequ5ce is a tie1 no sequ5ces c be scor$ by ei!r play]4 ,! value ( a sequ5ce is t5 m ?an ! numb] ( c>ds t g to =m x1 provid$ t numb] exce$s f\r4 ,a ti]ce c\nts #c only1 & a quatrime #d only2 b a qu9te is wor? #ae1 a sixime #af1 & s on4 ,f\rs1 & ,triplets4 ,any f\r c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation1 high] ?an a ,n9e1 is call$ a ,quatorze2 ?ree ( any k9d high] ?an ! ,n9e is call$ a ,trio1 or sometimes a ,brelan4 ,z a trio is seldom m5tion$ )\t nam+ ! d5om9ation1 x is usual to say2 8,?ree ,k+s10 or 8,?ree ,jacks10 z ! case may be4 ,! #g #h & #i h no value except 9 po9t & sequ5ce4 ,! play] hold+ ! quatorze ( ! highe/ rank may score any inf]ior ones t he may hold1 & also any trios4 ,%\ld 8 adv]s>y hold any int]m$iate ones1 !y are ( no value4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( any quatorze1 ! be/ trio decides :i* play] %all c\nt all ! trios he may h 9 8 h&1 8 adv]s>y c\nt+ none4 ,= in/ance3 ,"o play] holds f\r ,t5s & ?ree ,jacks1 8 adv]s>y hold+ triplets ( ,aces1 ,k+s1 & ,que5s4 ,none ( ! latt] w\ld be ( any value1 z ! l[e/ quatorze is bett] ?an ! highe/ trio1 & ! play] ) ! f\r ,t5s c\ld c\nt 8 ?ree ,jacks also4 ,pairs h no value4 ,! value ( any quatorze is #ad1 z its "n implies4 ,trios are wor? #c only4 ,9 disc>d+1 ! object is to secure ! be/ c\nt+ comb9ations1 & also to reta9 c>ds :i* w w9 tricks 9 play4 ,! comb9ations take prec$5ce ( "o ano!r 9 scor+1 ! fir/ be+ always ,c>te ,blan*e1 !n ! ,po9t1 !n ,sequ5ce1 & la/ly ! ,quatorze or ,trio4 ,,decl>+4 ,c>te blan*e mu/ be ann\nc$ & %[n be=e a disc>d is made4 ,ea* play] hav+ disc>d$ & drawn1 ! eld] h& proce$s to ann\nce any c\nt+ comb9ations he holds1 :i* he mu/ decl>e 9 regul> ord]1 beg9n+ ) ! po9t4 ,9 ann\nc+ ! po9t1 ! suit is n m5tion$1 only its value4 ,! sequ5ces are def9$ by ! numb] ( c>ds & ! highe/2 8sixime to ! ,k+10 = in/ance4 ,! f\rs & trios are def9$ 9 ! same way2 8f\r ,k+s10 or 8?ree ,jacks40 ,to ea* ( ^! decl>ations1 z !y are made 9 regul> ord]1 ! deal] mu/ reply3 8,good10 8,equal10 or1 8,n good40 ,if ! po9t is admitt$ to be good1 ! hold] scores x2 n by putt+ x d[n on ! score %eet1 b simply by beg9n+ 8 c\nt ) ! numb] ( po9ts x is wor?4 ,if ! po9t is equal1 nei!r play] scores x1 & second>y po9ts h no value "u any circum/ances4 ,if ! po9t decl>$ by ! eld] h& is n good1 x is n necess>y = ! deal] to say h[ mu* bett] 8 po9t is2 t w come lat]4 ,to ea* ( ! o!r decl>ations replies are made 9 ! same mann]1 except t f\rs & trios _c be 8equal40 ,z ea* comb9ation is admitt$ to be good1 ! eld] h& adds x to 8 c\nt4 ,= in/ance3 ,8 po9t is #ea1 good2 8 sequ5ce is five to ! ,ace1 good2 & 8 triplet ( ,aces is good4 ,^! are wor? #e1 #ae1 & #c respectively1 & 8 total c\nt is #bc1 if he has no m9or sequ5ces or trios4 ,?is is n put d[n1 b simply ann\nc$4 ,! /rict rules ( ! game require ! play] ^: comb9ation is ackn[l$g$ to be good1 to %[ x2 b among good play]s ?is is q unnecess>y1 = ea* usually kn[s by 8 own c>ds :at 8 adv]s>y %\ld & probably does hold4 ,! eld] h& hav+ f9i%$ 8 decl>ations1 & ann\nc$ _! total value 9 po9ts1 leads any c>d he pleases4 ,if ?is c>d is a ,t5 or bett]1 he claims "o po9t = lead+ x1 ev5 if he does n w9 ! trick1 & he adds ?is po9t to 8 score4 ,an illu/ration w probably make ! =ego+ processes cle>]4 ,! eld] h&1 aft] ! draw1 holds ^! c>ds3-- ,a ,k ,q ,j3 ,a ,k ,q3 ,a ,k ,q #g3 ,a4 ,he ann\nces3 8,=ty-"o40 8,n good40 8,quatrime to ! ,ace40 8,n good40 8,quatorze ,aces10 :i* he kn[s is good2 & :i* admits ( 8 c\nt+ 8 triplets ( ,k+s & ,que5s4 ,^! are wor? collectively #bj po9ts1 & on lead+ "o ( 8 ,aces he ann\nces 8,tw5ty-"o40 ,! deal]1 be=e play+ a c>d1 proce$s to claim ! c\nt = ! comb9ations :i* are good 9 8 own h&1 :i* is z foll[s3-- ,j #aj #i #h3 ,j #aj #i3 ,k ,q ,j #aj #i4 ,! po9t is wor? #e2 ! qu9te #ae1 ! quatrime #d1 & ! ti]ce #c2 #bg altoge!r4 ,8 trios ( ,jacks & ,t5s are %ut out by ! sup]ior comb9ations 9 ! eld] h&4 ,hav+ claim$ ^! #bg po9ts1 & _! correctness hav+ be5 admitt$ by ! eld] h&1 ! deal] proce$s to play a c>d4 ,if ei!r play] has =gott5 to decl>e any?+ be=e he plays1 ! c\nt is lo/4 ,s9k+4 ,a play] is n oblig$ to decl>e any comb9ation unless he wi%es to d s1 & he may s9k a c>d if he ?9ks x w\ld be to 8 advantage to conceal 8 h&4 ,s9k+ is call+ only "p ( a comb9ation1 z1 = in/ance1 call+ #ea = 8 po9t :5 he really has #fa2 call+ a qu9te :5 he has a sixime1 or a trio :5 he has a quatorze4 ,s9k+ is usually resort$ to only :5 ! play] kn[s f 8 own h& & disc>ds t :at he decl>es is /ill bett] ?an any?+ 8 adv]s>y c hold2 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! "p ( ! decl>ation :i* is sunk 9 ?is mann] is lo/4 ,irregul> ,decl>ations4 ,if ei!r play] claims a comb9ation :i* he does n hold1 & does n rem$y ! error be=e he plays a c>d1 he _c c\nt any?+ t deal1 los+ any o!r decl>ations he may h made :i* are correct4 ,8 adv]s>y !n c\nts ev]y?+ 9 8 h&1 :e!r 8 comb9ations 7 inf]ior or n4 ,he also c\nts = :at he w9s 9 ! tricks4 ,if ! eld] h&'s decl>ation is admitt$ by ! deal] to be good1 x is good1 ev5 if ! deal] aft]w>d proves to h a bett] po9t1 sequ5ce1 quatorze or trio4 ,if any comb9ation nam$ by ! eld] h& is n actually 8 be/1 he _c am5d 8 decl>ation aft] ! deal] has repli$ to x4 ,?is is 9 ord] to prev5t a play] f gett+ in=mation to :i* he is n entitl$4 ,if he holds ?ree ,k+s & ?ree ,t5s1 = in/ance1 & ann\nces ! ,t5s 9 ord] to f9d out :e!r or n 8 adv]s>y has ?ree ,que5s or ,jacks1 & ! deal] says3 8,n good10 ! ?ree ,k+s are lo/1 & ! deal] scores 8 own trios4 ,x sometimes happ5s t 9 ord] to keep a good po9t or sequ5ce1 a play] w disc>d "o c>d ( a quatorze orig9ally dealt him2 or "o ( a trio1 ( :i* he aft]w>d draws ! f\r?4 ,he c score only ! trio1 ( c\rse2 b 8 adv]s>y1 hav+ none ( t d5om9ation ei!r 9 8 h& or disc>ds1 kn[s t f\r 7 possible1 & aft] play+ a c>d he has a "r to ask ! suit ( ! c>d :i* 0 disc>d$4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! eld] h& c lead any c>d he pleases1 ann\nc+ ! suit at ! same "t4 ,! deal] is b\nd to foll[ suit1 if able1 b he is n oblig$ to w9 ! trick4 ,z !re are no trumps1 ! high] c>d1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick4 ,if ! second play] does n foll[ suit1 ! lead] w9s4 ,! w9n] ( "o trick leads = ! next1 & s on until all twelve tricks are play$4 ,e "t a c>d is play$ :i* is bett] ?an a ,n9e1 ! lead] c\nts "o = x1 add+ ! numb] to ! total value ( 8 score z already ann\nc$4 ,if ! second play] w9s ! trick ) any c>d bett] ?an a ,n9e he also c\nts "o2 b if ! trick is won by ! play] :o l$1 !re is no extra c\nt = w9n+ x4 ,! w9n] ( ! la/ trick c\nts "o = x1 9 addition to 8 c\nt = w9n+ x ) a c>d bett] ?an a ,n9e4 ,if ! lead] w9s x1 he gets ! "o extra4 ,if ea* play] w9s six tricks1 !re is no fur!r scor+2 b if ei!r play] w9s ! odd trick he adds to 8 score t5 po9ts = c>ds1 9 addition to all o!r scores4 ,if ei!r play] w9s all twelve tricks1 :i* w\ld be ! case 9 ! example h& j giv5 z an illu/ration1 he adds to 8 score =ty po9ts = ! capot2 b ?is =ty po9ts includes ! scores = ! la/ trick & = ! odd trick4 ,a c>d once laid on ! table _c be tak5 back1 unless ! play] has r5\nc$ 9 error4 ,!re is no revoke 9 ,piquet1 & if a play] has "o ( ! suit l$ he mu/ play x4 ,if he fails to d s1 :5 ! error is discov]$ ! c>ds mu/ be tak5 back & replay$4 ,,repic4 ,if ei!r play] is able to rea* #cj by successive decl>ations1 beg9n+ ) ! po9t1 all ( :i* are admitt$ by 8 adv]s>y to be good1 he adds #fj to 8 score1 mak+ x #ij in/ead ( #cj1 & ?is is irrespective ( :at 8 adv]s>y may h 9 m9or or inf]ior comb9ations4 ,! important ?+ to rememb] 9 repic is t decl>ations always c\nt 9 regul> ord]1 c>te blan*e tak+ prec$5ce ( ev]y?+2 !n ! po9t1 sequ5ces1 & quatorze or trio4 ,suppose eld] h& to hold ! foll[+ c>ds3-- ,k ,q ,j #aj #i2 ,a ,k ,q2 ,a ,q #i2 ,q4 ,if ! qu9te to ! ,k+ is admitt$ good = ! po9t1 x mu/ be good = ! sequ5ce also4 ,t is #bj4 ,! f\r ,que5s mu/ be good1 z ! adv]s>y _c h any quatorze4 ,?is makes ! total #cd1 & #fj add$ = repic1 #id altoge!r1 to :i* he w add "o = lead+ ! fir/ c>d1 if x is above a ,n9e4 ,suppose ! eld] h& _h ! foll[+ c>ds3-- ,a ,k ,q ,j #h2 ,a ,k2 ,a ,k2 ,a ,k #aj4 ,if 8 po9t is good1 t & 8 f\r ,aces & ,k+s w make him #cc altoge!r2 b 8 sequ5ce is n good1 because ! deal] holds five diamonds to ! ,que51 :i* comes 9 ord] be=e ! score = quatorze1 & s saves ! repic4 ,suppose t ) ! =ego+ c>ds ! eld] h& 0 told t ev5 8 po9t 0 n good4 ,he w\ld c\nt #bi = ! #ad ,aces1 #ad ,k+s1 & ! c>d l$4 ,if ! deal] _h a sixime 9 diamonds1 & a qu9te 9 clubs1 = in/ance1 he w\ld claim a repic1 #if po9ts1 9 spite ( ! #bi ann\nc$ by ! eld] h&2 because po9t & sequ5ce score be=e quatorze4 ,equalities d n save ! repic4 ,take ! foll[+ h&s3-- ,eld]3-- ,a ,j #aj #i #h2 #aj2 #aj2 ,a ,j #aj #i #h4 ,deal]3-- ,k ,q2 ,a ,k ,q2 ,a ,k ,q ,j #g2 ,k ,q4 ,! po9t is equal4 ,! quatrime to ! ,jack is n good & ! f\r ,t5s are n good2 s eld] h& leads a c>d1 & c\nts1 8,"o40 ,! deal] !n claims repic1 #ie po9ts1 :i* is good1 al?\gh ! eld] h& _h an equal po9t4 ,,pic4 ,if ei!r play] c rea* #cj 9 h& & play comb9$1 be=e 8 adv]s>y scores any?+1 #cj are add$ = ! pic4 ,pic c nev] be made by ! deal] unless ! eld] h& leads a c>d small] ?an a ,n9e2 he mu/ make repic if any?+4 ,to make pic ! eld] h& mu/ rea* #cj 9 ! regul> ord] ( scor+4 ,suppose holds ^! c>ds3-- ,a #i2 ,a ,k ,q ,j2 ,k ,q ,j #aj #i2 ,k4 ,if ! deal] ackn[l$ges ! po9t to be good1 ev]y?+ else 9 ! h& mu/ be good also4 ,?is w give ! eld] h& #bg be=e play+ a c>d2 #e = ! po9t1 #ae & #d = ! sequ5ces1 & #c = ! ,k+s4 ,by lead+ out ! ,a ,k & ,q1 #c m po9ts are secur$1 ! deal] hav+ no?+ to score1 & s ! eld] h& rea*es #cj & makes ! pic1 c\nt+ #fj1 & /ill hav+ ! lead4 ,equalities d n save pic4 ,accord+ to ! /rict rules ( ! game1 a play] :o is play+ = pic is n all[$ to c\nt #cj at all1 b mu/ jump f 8 la/ c\nt1 #bi1 to #fj1 or he loses ! pic2 b ?is is seldom or nev] insi/$ on4 ,,scor+4 ,! la/ c>d play$1 ! total numb] ( po9ts made by ea* play] are put d[n on ! score %eet1 or m>k$ on a cribbage bo>d1 & if nei!r play] has rea*$ #ajj po9ts1 ! deal passes to ! "o :o 0 eld] h& on ! la/ deal4 ,! ord] ( scor+ %\ld be c>efully obs]v$1 9 ord] to det]m9e :i* goes out fir/1 & :e!r or n a play] is lur*$4 ,c>te blan*e1 ,! ,po9t1 ,sequ5ce1 ,quatorze or ,trio1 ,repic1 ,po9ts = ,lead+ or ,w9n+1 ,pic1 ! ,odd ,trick1 ,capot4 ,if "o play] rea*es #ajj be=e 8 adv]s>y has rea*$ #ej1 x is a lur*1 & c\nts a d\ble game4 ,ab&on$ ,h&s4 ,if a play] ?r[s d[n 8 c>ds1 he may /ill take !m up aga91 unless he or 8 adv]s>y h mix$ _! c>ds ) ! disc>ds1 or ) ! rema9d] ( ! talon4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,! *ief po9ts = ! beg9n] are good disc>d+1 & tak+ advantage ( t5ace positions 9 ! play1 s z to secure ! c\nt = c>ds1 :i* is (t5 important4 ,eld] ,h&4 ,9 disc>d+1 ! pone %\ld consid] :at !re may be aga9/ him4 ,if x is unlikely t he w lose a pic or repic1 he %\ld try = ! po9t1 :i* v (t5 c>ries ) x ! sequ5ce4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t !re are only eight c>ds 9 ea* suit1 & by comp>+ ^? t y hold ) ^? t y\r adv]s>y may hold x is comp>atively easy1 9 ! majority ( h&s1 to e/imate ! possible scores aga9/ y4 ,next to ! po9t1 ! mo/ important ?+ is ! score = c>ds4 ,! po9t w save pic & repic1 b ! c>ds w make ! greate/ diff]5ce 9 ! score 9 ! long run4 ,sequ5ces are always valuable1 especially ^? t are ,ace high 9 ! eld] h&1 because !y enable him to w9 a succession ( tricks 9 play4 ,! eld] h& %\ld risk a good deal if he has a fair *ance to make a pic or repic1 :i* w (t5 settle ! game4 ,if !re is any *oice z to :at to keep ( two ne>ly equal *ances1 always pres]ve ! comb9ation t w be mo/ likely to secure ! c\nt = c>ds4 ,9 ,lead+1 x is be/ to beg9 ) ! po9t1 unless y "k t y are lead+ up to t5ace1 or to high c>ds t w br+ 9 a long adv]se suit4 ,! piquet play] soon le>ns ! importance ( t5ace & f\r*ette1 & c sometimes see h[ ?+s mu/ be manag$ = five or six tricks ahead1 s z to secure ! odd trick4 ,t5ace is ! be/ & ?ird-be/ ( any suit1 su* z ,a ,q1 :ile a f\r*ette is any two c>ds )9 "o ( ea* o!r1 su* z ,k ,j1 or ,q #aj1 & ! lead f su* comb9ations %\ld always be avoid$4 ,if y h ! odd trick 9 h&1 make x at once1 be=e y risk any?+ else1 because ! only diff]5ce betwe5 ! odd trick & elev5 tricks is ! c\nt = ea* c>d l$ 9 ! tricks4 ,! ,deal]4 ,! fir/ ?+ to gu>d aga9/ is a long run ( w9n+ leads f ! eld] h&1 :i* might make ! odd trick1 or ev5 capot4 ,z !re are no trumps x is v important = ! deal] to keep gu>d$ ,k+s & twice-gu>d$ ,que5s4 ,! pr9cipal ?+ = ! deal] to rememb] is t if he _c /op a long suit 9 ! eld] h&1 he w h to provide 9 advance = a c]ta9 numb] ( disc>ds1 & ^! mu/ be s plann$ t gu>ds w be pres]v$ 9 ! o!r suits4 ,he %\ld also get 8 h& into su* condition t :5 he does get into ! lead1 he w n h to lead away f t5aces or gu>d$ ,k+s4 ,c>eful att5tion to 8 adv]s>y's decl>ations1 & a comp>ison ( 8 own h& ) 8 disc>ds w usually guide ! deal] to a correct conclusion z to :at to keep & :at to ?r[ away 9 play+ to tricks4 ,ma!maticians h exhau/$ _! res\rces on ,piquet1 b _! conclusions are ( little use to ! av]age play]4 ,! subject ( disc>ds has be5 v fully illu/rat$ by examples f actual play1 especially 9 ! ,we/m9/] ,pap]s1 b no "o has yet giv5 u any simple rules l ! jeux de rgle at c>t4 ,,piquet ,,norm&1 ,,= ,,?ree ,,play]s4 ,9 ?is =m ( ! game ! play]s cut = seats & deal4 ,! c>ds are dealt by twos & ?rees until ea* has t51 two c>ds rema9+ = ! talon4 ,! deal] may lay out any two c>ds 9 ex*ange = ^!1 b no o!r play] is all[$ to t\* !m1 nor to see ! disc>ds4 ,! eld] h& makes ! fir/ decl>ations4 ,he makes repic & c\nts #ij if he c rea* #bj )\t play+ a c>d2 & he makes pic1 #fj1 if he c rea* #bj 9 h& & play1 "u ! same conditions z 9 ! game = two play]s4 ,! majority ( tricks c\nts #aj2 if x is a tie1 ea* c\nts #e4 ,capot c\nts #dj if all ! tricks are tak5 by "o play]2 b if two take !m all betwe5 !m1 !y c\nt #bj ea*4 ,! game may be play$ = a pool1 fir/ man out to take all2 or x may be agre$ t aft] "o has retir$ ! o!rs %all decide x betwe5 !m by play+ x out at ! ord9>y two-h&$ game4 ,,piquet ,,voleur1 ,,= ,,f\r ,,play]s4 ,! play]s cut = p>tn]s1 ! two l[e/ pair+ aga9/ ! two highe/1 & ! l[e/ cut tak+ ! fir/ deal4 ,p>tn]s sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,all ! c>ds are dealt out1 two & ?ree at a "t1 ea* receiv+ eight c>ds4 ,! eld] h& decl>es fir/1 b in/ead ( ann\nc+ "o ?+ at a "t1 & await+ ! reply ( 8 adv]s>ies1 he decl>es ev]y?+1 & !n plays a c>d4 ,suppose ! c>ds are di/ribut$ z foll[s1 ,z be+ ! deal]3-- ,illu/ration3 ,k ,q ,j #aj ,j #aj #i #h ----------- ,y ,a2 ,a2 ,a ,q ,k ,q ,j2 ,k #g ,a ,b ,a ,q ,j #aj ,k #i #h ,z ----------- #aj #i #h #g #i #h #g2 #g ,a ann\nces #da = 8 po9t1 sequ5ce ( ?ree to ! ,que51 f\r ,aces1 & says1 8,i play a club10 :i* is 8 lead = ! fir/ trick4 ,if ! second play] admits all ^! to be good he says no?+1 b plays a c>d4 ,9 ?is case1 ,y w\ld ann\nce f\r to ! ,k+1 & f\r to ! ,jack1 & w\ld play a spade1 hav+ no club4 ,b w\ld !n ann\nce ?ree ,k+s1 :i* are good on acc\nt ( 8 p>tn]'s hav+ f\r ,aces2 b bo? ! sequ5ces are %ut out by ,y's bett] decl>ations4 ,! deal]1 ,z1 !n decl>es f\r to ! ,t5 & ?ree to ! ,n9e1 bo? ^? sequ5ces be+ made good by 8 p>tn]'s hold+ ! be/ sequ5ce at ! table4 ,! fir/ trick play$1 ea* p]son at ! table %[s :at he has claim$1 9 ord] t 8 adv]s>ies may v]ify ! c\nt4 ,a w\ld !n ga!r up ! fir/ trick1 ann\nc+ ! total score = 8 side1 :i* w\ld be #bb2 #d = ! po9t1 #ad ,aces1 #c ,k+s1 & #a = ! c>d l$4 ,he w\ld !n play ano!r club1 ann\nc+ #bb4 ,?is 8 p>tn] w\ld w9 b w\ld n c\nt1 z he is on ! same side t has already c\nt$ = ! lead4 ,if ! play is foll[$ up x w be f\nd t ,a-,b make a capot4 ,! adv]s>ies w !n score #ae = _! ?ree sequ5ces ( f\r1 & "o ( ?ree4 ,no po9t ( less ?an #cj c be ann\nc$4 ,pic & ,repic4 ,if "o play]1 or two p>tn]s toge!r1 rea* #bj 9 c\nt+1 )\t play+1 !y c\nt #ij = ! repic4 ,if !y rea* #bj 9 decl>ations & play toge!r1 !y c\nt #fj = ! pic4 ,c>te blan*e 9 ! h& ( "o or o!r p>tn] may c\nt t[>d pic or repic2 & if two p>tn]s ea* held c>te blan*e1 !y w\ld be entitl$ to #ij po9ts = ! repic1 no matt] :at ! adv]s>ies held1 because c>te blan*e takes prec$5ce ( all o!r scores4 ,,piquet ,a ,,crire4 ,?is game some:at resembles ,skat 9 ! mann] ( play+ & settl+4 ,any numb] f ?ree to sev5 p]sons sit ar\nd ! table2 b only two play1 & ! losses ( ea* individual are *>g$ to him on a score %eet rul$ (f = ! purpose4 ,! play]s may take turns1 ea* play+ two deals1 ! fir/ ) ! p]son on 8 left1 & ! second ) ! "o on 8 "r4 ,or x may be agre$ t ! los] 9 ea* deal %all give way to a new play]1 ! w9n] ( ! majority ( po9ts 9 ea* deal to cont9ue4 ,! game is g5]ally arrang$ = a c]ta9 numb] ( t\rs or deals1 at ! end ( :i* ! scores are balanc$ & settl$ =4 ,,rubicon ,,piquet1 ,,= ,,two ,,play]s4 ,! *ief diff]5ce betwe5 ?is game & ! usual =m1 ,piquet au c5t1 is 9 ! mann] ( decl>+4 ,! usual me?od 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica is z foll[s3-- ,! ,po9t is scor$ by ! play] hold+ ! greate/ numb] ( c>ds 9 ! suit1 & ! pip value is resort$ to only to decide ties4 ,?is is done 9 ord] to conceal1 if possible1 ! nature ( ! c>ds held4 ,:5 ! num]ical value is ask$1 only ! la/ figure is giv51 8sev510 = in/ance1 if ! po9t is #dg4 ,if ! po9t is good1 ! eld] h& imm$iately names ! suit4 ,if x is n good1 ! suit is n nam$1 & ! eld] h& proce$s to call 8 sequ5ces4 ,x !y are good1 ! suits mu/ be nam$2 ! same ) quatorze & trio4 ,"u-call+4 ,if a play] holds an inf]ior sequ5ce1 quatorze or trio1 :i* he kn[s is bett] ?an any 8 adv]s>y c possibly hold1 he may call x1 & aft]w>d score ! bett] comb9ation1 provid$ he is correct 9 e/imat+ ! inf]ior "o t he call$ z good aga9/ ! c>ds4 ,b if ! adv]s>y c demon/rate t ! inf]ior ann\ncem5t 0 n actually good aga9/ ! c>ds1 & t x 0 possible = him to hold a bett]1 ! score = ! high] comb9ation is lo/4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] holds f\r ,k+s & ?ree ,aces1 & on glanc+ ov] 8 h& & disc>ds1 sees t 8 adv]s>y _c hold any quatorze1 s he decl>es ! ?ree ,k+s1 in/ead ( ! f\r ,aces4 ,suppose he mi/ook a ,n9e = a ,t51 & ov]look$ ! fact t 8 adv]s>y might h _h f\r ,t5s1 ! score = ! f\r ,k+s w\ld be lo/1 b ! ?ree ,aces w\ld be good if 8 adv]s>y _h disc>d$ a ,t51 & did n actually hold f\r4 ,9 ! ord9>y game1 ! high] comb9ation is lo/ if x is n call$4 ,9 play1 e c>d l$1 :atev] its value1 c\nts "o1 & w9n+ ! trick c\nts "o also4 ,! la/ trick c\nts two1 & ! capot =ty4 ,pic & repic are reckon$ z 9 ! ord9>y game4 ,scor+4 ,in/ead ( play+ #ajj po9ts up1 six deals is a game1 ea* play] deal+ ?ree times4 ,! l[] score is !n d$uct$ f ! high]1 & #ajj po9ts add$ to ! diff]5ce to det]m9e ! value ( ! game1 :i* is usually play$ = s mu* a po9t4 ,if ! result ( ! six deals is a tie1 two m deals mu/ be play$4 ,if !y also result 9 a tie1 ! game is void4 ,rubicons4 ,if ei!r or bo? play]s fail to rea* #ajj po9ts 9 ! six deals1 ! "o hav+ ! mo/ is ! w9n]1 & adds to 8 own score all ! po9ts made by ! los]1 ) #ajj 9 addition = game4 ,= in/ance3 ,a has #aac scor$1 & ,b #hj4 ,a w9s #aac #hj #ajj #bic altoge!r4 ,aga92 ,a has #hh1 ,b has #hd4 ,a w9s #hh #hd #ajj #bgb altoge!r4 ,aga92 ,a has #ahj1 ,b has #adb4 ,a w9s ! diff]5ce 9 ! scores1 #ch #ajj #ach altoge!r4 ,,text ,,books4 ,jeux de ,c>tes1 by ,jean ,b\ssac4 ,acadmie des ,jeux1 by ,van ,t5ac4 ,acadmie des ,jeux1 by ,ri*>d4 ,rgles de t\s les ,jeux1 by ,dreyf\s4 ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,games4 ,piquet1 & ,rubicon ,piquet1 by ,b]keley4 ,laws ( ,piquet1 by 8,cav5di%40 ,we/m9/] ,pap]s1 ,vols4 ,,ii4 to ,,ix4 inclusive4 ,!re are excell5t articles on ! ,laws 9 ,vols4 ,,iii4 & ,,vi41 & on disc>ds 9 ,vol4 ,,vii4 ,,imp]ial1 ,,or ,,piquet ,,) ,a ,,trump4 ,imprial diff]s f ,piquet 9 "s m9or details1 al?\gh ! lead+ pr9ciple is ! same4 ,!re are no disc>ds2 sequ5ces ( c\rt c>ds are ! only ones t c\nt2 ti]ces are wor?less2 & a trump suit is add$4 ,! c>ds rank ,k ,q ,j ,a #aj #i #h #g2 ! ,k ,q ,j ,a & #g ( trumps are call$ hon\rs1 & 9 all sequ5ces ! f\r highe/ c>ds 9 ! suit are ! only ones t c\nt4 ,c\nt]s4 ,ea* play] is suppli$ ) six :ite & f\r r$ c\nt]s1 :i* are pass$ f left to "r z ! po9ts accrue4 ,ea* r$ is wor? six :ite1 & :5 all six :ite c\nt]s h be5 pass$ ov]1 !y mu/ be return$1 & a r$ "o pass$ ov] 9 _! place4 ,:5 all ! c\nt]s1 f\r r$ & six :ite1 h be5 pass$ ov]1 ! game is won4 ,deal+4 ,twelve c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]1 two or ?ree at a "t1 & ! tw5ty-fif? is turn$ up = ! trump4 ,if ?is is an hon\r1 ! deal] m>ks "o :ite c\nt] = x4 ,!re are no disc>ds4 ,imprials4 ,c]ta9 comb9ations ( c>ds are kn[n z imprials1 & ! play] m>ks "o r$ c\nt] = ea* ( !m4 ,! be/ imprial is c>te blan*e1 :i* is sometimes m>k$ z a d\ble imprial1 & wor? two r$s4 ,a sequ5ce ( ,k ,q ,j ,a 9 any suit is an imprial4 ,an imprial de ret\rne may be =m$ 9 ! deal]'s h& if ! turn-up trump completes 8 sequ5ce or makes f\r ( a k9d4 ,an imprial tombe1 or de r5contre1 is made :5 ! play] :o holds ! ,k+ & ,que5 ( trumps cat*es ! ,jack & ,ace f 8 adv]s>y4 ,f\r ,k+s1 ,que5s1 ,jacks1 ,aces1 or ,sev5s 9 "o h& is an imprial2 b ! ,eights1 ,n9es & ,t5s h no value4 ,decl>+4 ,! eld] h& ann\nces 8 po9t1 z 9 ,piquet1 & arrives at its value 9 ! same way1 reckon+ ! ,ace = #aa1 etc4 ,! deal] replies1 8,good10 or 8,n good10 z ! case may be2 b !re are no equalities4 ,if ! po9t is a tie1 ! eld] h& c\nts x4 ,! po9t is wor? a :ite c\nt]4 ,! imprials are !n call$1 ea* be+ wor? "o r$ c\nt]4 ,! sequ5ces are call$ fir/1 t 9 trumps be+ 8good0 ( c\rse2 !n ! f\rs are call$1 ! be/ be+ f\r ,k+s1 & ! l[e/ f\r ,aces4 ,9 pla9-suit sequ5ces !re are no 8equals10 ! eld] h& c\nt+ ties z an (fset to ! advantages ( ! deal4 ,play+4 ,! eld] h& leads a c>d1 & ! deal] !n decl>es & m>ks any imprials he may h t are good2 aft] :i* he plays a c>d4 ,no imprials c be claim$ or scor$ aft] ! hold] has play$ a c>d4 ,! second play] 9 ea* trick mu/ w9 ! trick if he c1 ei!r ) a high] c>d or ) a trump4 ,= ea* hon\r 9 trumps 9 ! tricks won ! play] m>ks a :ite c\nt] at ! end ( ! h&4 ,! w9n] ( ! odd trick scores z _m :ite c\nt]s z he has tricks 9 excess ( 8 adv]s>y4 ,if ei!r play] makes capot1 7all twelve tricks17 he scores two r$ c\nt]s4 ,scor+4 ,:5 "o play] rea*es six :ite c\nt]s & *anges !m = a r$1 8 adv]s>y mu/ take d[n any :ite c\nt]s he may h scor$4 ,= in/ance3 ,! pone has #b r$s & #d :ites up2 ! deal] has #a r$ & #e :ites4 ,! pone scores two :ites1 rea*+ six1 & advanc+ 8 score to #c r$s1 :i* are sometimes call$ imprials4 ,! deal] mu/ take d[n 8 :ite c\nt]s1 los+ t c\nt altoge!r1 & leav+ himself #a r$4 ,! only exception to ?is is t at ! beg9n+ ( ! h& if bo? h imprials comb9ations 9 h&1 nei!r side takes d[n its :ite c\nt]s4 ,9 ,c\nt+ out ! foll[+ ord] ( prec$5ce mu/ be obs]v$3 ,! turn-up trump1 7if x is an hon\r74 ,! ,po9t4 ,imprial 9 h&1 sequ5ces fir/4 ,imprial de ret\rne4 ,imprial tombe4 ,hon\rs 9 tricks4 ,odd tricks4 ,,cass9o4 ,?is is a v old & always popul> game1 :i* has lately be5 mu* improv$ by ! introduction ( ! v>iations kn[n z ,royal & ,spade ,cass9o1 ! latt] especially be+ a v lively game4 ,l ,eu*re1 ,cass9o is em95tly respectable1 & is "o ( ! few games ( c>ds t are unhesitat+ly admitt$ to ! dome/ic circle4 ,c>ds4 ,cass9o is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* h no rank 9 play1 _! pip or face value be+ ! only elem5t ( importance4 ,9 cutt+ = positions at ! table1 or = p>tn]s 9 ! f\r-h&$ game1 ! ,ace is ! l[e/ c>d1 ! o!rs rank+ upw>d to ! ,k+ 9 ! ord] ( _! sequ5ce4 ,m>k]s4 ,:5 a c]ta9 numb] ( po9ts is agre$ on z a game1 ! score may be kept ) c\nt]s1 on a %eet ( pap]1 or on a cribbage bo>d4 ,if ea* h& is a game 9 itself1 x is settl$ = imm$iately1 ei!r 9 c\nt]s or 9 money4 ,play]s4 ,any numb] f two to f\r may play1 ea* = himself1 or f\r may play two aga9/ two1 p>tn]s sitt+ opposite ea* o!r4 ,! play]s on ! deal]'s "r & left are kn[n z ! pone1 & ! elde/ h& respectively4 ,cutt+4 ,! play]s draw f an outspread pack = positions at ! table1 ! l[e/ c>d hav+ ! *oice & deal+ ! fir/ h&4 ,if ! fir/ cut does n decide1 ^? ty+ mu/ cut aga94 ,if a play] exposes m ?an "o c>d he mu/ cut aga94 ,! ace is l[4 ,/akes4 ,cass9o may be play$ = s mu* a game1 or s mu* a po9t2 & x may be agre$ t ! game %all be a c]ta9 numb] ( po9ts1 or %all be complete 9 "o deal1 or t ! play] mak+ ! majority ( po9ts on ea* deal %all score "o1 & ! "o fir/ mak+ a c]ta9 numb] 9 ?is mann]1 su* z five1 %all be ! w9n]4 ,if po9ts are play$ =1 ! l[] score is usually d$uct$ f ! high]1 & ! diff]5ce is ! value ( ! game4 ,x is sometimes agre$ t if ! w9n] has twice z _m po9ts z 8 adv]s>y1 he %all be paid = a d\ble game4 ,deal+4 ,aft] ! c>ds h be5 prop]ly %uffl$ !y mu/ be pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 & he mu/ leave at lea/ f\r 9 ea* packet4 ,beg9n+ on 8 left1 ! deal] di/ributes f\r c>ds to ea* play] 9 two r\nds ( two at a "t1 giv+ two to ! table j be=e help+ himself 9 ea* r\nd4 ,no trump is turn$1 & ! rema9d] ( ! pack is left face d[nw>d on ! deal]'s left4 ,! f\r c>ds dealt to ! table are !n turn$ face up1 & ! play beg9s4 ,aft] ! f\r c>ds giv5 to ea* p]son h all be5 play$1 ! deal] takes up ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 & )\t any fur!r %uffl+ or cutt+1 deals f\r m c>ds to ea* play]1 two at a "t1 b gives none to ! table4 ,^! f\r hav+ be5 play$1 f\r m are dealt 9 ! same mann]1 & s on1 until ! pack is exhau/$1 aft] :i* ! deal passes to ! left 9 regul> rotation4 ,irregul>ities 9 ! ,deal4 ,if ! pack is prov$ to be imp]fect1 or if a c>d is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack !re mu/ be a fre% deal by ! same deal]4 ,if a play] deals out ( turn1 he mu/ be /opp$ be=e ! c>ds on ! table are turn$ face upw>d4 ,a misdeal loses ! deal4 ,x is a misdeal if ! pack has n be5 cut1 or if ! c>ds are %uffl$ aft] ! pack has be5 prop]ly cut2 or if ! deal] deals a c>d incorrectly1 & fails to rem$y x be=e deal+ to ! next play]2 or if he deals too _m or too few c>ds to any play] or to ! table4 ,if a c>d is expos$ dur+ ! deal1 an adv]s>y may claim a fre% deal4 ,if1 aft] ! c>ds on ! table h be5 fac$1 a c>d is expos$ by ! deal]1 or is f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack1 ! play] to :om x w\ld be dealt may reject x1 & x mu/ !n be plac$ 9 ! middle ( ! /ock1 & he mu/ be giv5 ! top c>d4 ,if a c>d is expos$ 9 ! la/ r\nd1 ! deal] mu/ take x1 & mu/ all[ ! play] to :om x w\ld h be5 dealt to draw a c>d f ! deal]'s h&1 face d[nw>d4 ,if he draws ! expos$ c>d1 he mu/ keep x4 ,if ! deal] gives any play] an incorrect numb] ( c>ds 9 any r\nd aft] ! fir/1 & does n detect & correct ! error be=e he deals to ! next play]1 ! deal] _c c\nt any?+ t h&4 ,! numb] ( c>ds 9 ea* h& mu/ be re/or$ to f\r1 ei!r by draw+ f !m1 face d[n1 or add+ f ! /ock4 ,if any play] lifts 8 c>ds be=e ! deal] has help$ all ! play]s1 includ+ himself1 a misdeal _c be claim$4 ,objects ( ! ,game4 ,! object 9 ,cass9o is to secure c]ta9 c>ds & comb9ations ( c>ds :i* c\nt t[>d game4 ,^! are z foll[s3-- ,po9ts4 ,! majority ( ,c>ds tak5 94 #c ,! majority ( ,spades tak5 94 #a ,! ,t5 ( diamonds1 ,big ,cass9o4 #b ,! deuce ( spades1 ,little ,cass9o4 #a ,! ,ace ( any suit4 #a ,a ,sweep ( all ! c>ds on ! table4 #a ,! mann] 9 :i* ^! po9ts are secur$ w become app>5t f ! description ( ! me?od ( play+ ! h&s4 ,me?od ( ,play+4 ,beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 ea* play] 9 turn plays a c>d f 8 h&1 plac+ x face upw>d on ! table4 ,only "o c>d c be play$ at a "t1 & ea* p]son mu/ play 9 8 prop] turn until all f\r ( 8 c>ds are exhau/$4 ,aft] receiv+ fre% c>ds1 ! elde/ h& aga9 plays fir/1 & s on = e r\nd4 ,"u c]ta9 conditions1 ea* play] 9 8 prop] turn may take up c]ta9 c>ds f ! table1 toge!r ) ! "o play$ f 8 h&1 turn+ !m face d[nw>d 9 front ( him4 ,he is entitl$ to c\nt all ! po9ts conta9$ 9 ! c>ds tak5 9 or won 9 ?is mann]4 ,^! conditions are3 t he c mat* or pair a c>d or c>ds on ! table2 t he c comb9e two or m c>ds on ! table s z to make _! total pip value equal to t ( ! c>d he plays2 or t he c build a c>d 9 8 h& ^u "o on ! table1 s z to make _! total pip value agree ) t ( a second c>d1 /ill 9 8 h&4 ,pair+4 ,if ! p]son ^: turn x is to play1 holds 9 8 h& any c>d ( a simil> d5om9ation to any ( ^? on ! table1 he may play ! c>d f 8 h&1 face upw>d1 & !n ga!r x 9 aga91 toge!r ) all simil> c>ds1 turn+ !m face d[nw>d 9 front ( him4 ,= in/ance3 ,he holds an ,eight1 & !re are "o or two ,eights on ! table4 ,he plays ! ,eight f 8 h&1 & !n ga!rs 9 all ( !m4 ,comb9+4 ,if a play] holds any c>d1 n a ,k ,q or ,j1 ! pip value ( :i* is equal to t ( two or m c>ds on ! table1 he may play ! c>d f 8 h&1 & !n ga!r x 9 aga91 toge!r ) ! two or ?ree c>ds t collectively equal x 9 pip value4 ,= in/ance3 ,he holds a #i1 & a #d1 #c & #b are ^u ! table4 ,he may comb9e ^! ?ree c>ds1 call+ att5tion to ! fact t _! collective value is #i1 & !n play ! #i f 8 own h&1 ga!r+ 9 & turn+ d[n all f\r c>ds4 ,an #h & ,ace1 or #f & #c might be ga!r$ 9 ! same way2 or two su* comb9ations might be ga!r$ at ! same "t1 #c1 #b1 #f1 #g1 = in/ance1 :i* w\ld make two n9es2 all ( :i* might be ga!r$ by a play] hold+ a #i 8 h&4 ,pairs & comb9ations may be tak5 9 toge!r4 ,= in/ance3 ,among ! c>ds on ! table are a #d1 #f1 & #aj1 & ! play] holds a #aj4 ,he c ga!r 9 n only ! pair ( ,t5s1 b ! comb9ations :i* equal a #aj4 ,build+4 ,a play] may h 9 8 h& two c>ds1 ! l[] ( :i*1 if add$ to a c>d on ! table1 w\ld build up its value to t ( ! high] c>d /ill 9 ! play]'s h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] holds a #i & #b1 & !re is a #g on ! table4 ,he may place ! #b on ! #g1 ann\nc+ ! total value2 8,n9e10 :i* w notify o!r play]s t ^? two c>ds _c be sep>at$2 b he _c take !m 9 until x aga9 comes r\nd to 8 turn to play1 because he is all[$ to play only "o c>d at a "t1 & he has play$ 8 c>d 9 mak+ ! build4 ,%\ld any o!r play] foll[+ him hold a #i1 he w\ld be entitl$ to take 9 ?is build1 b he c\ld n sep>ate ! two c>ds =m+ x4 ,a play] hold+ ei!r a #g or a #b c\ld n t\* ei!r ( ! c>ds 9 ! build1 because !y are no long] a #g & #b1 b a #i1 = all practical purposes4 ,increas+ ,builds4 ,if any play] held an ,ace & a #aj 9 8 h&1 he c\ld increase ! #i build to a #aj build1 by putt+ 8 ,ace on ! #g & #b1 & ann\nc+ ! total value1 8,t540 ,any foll[+ play] w\ld !n be unable to w9 ! build ) any?+ b a #aj1 & ! play] :o orig9ally built x a #i w\ld lose x unless he also held a #aj 9 8 h&4 ,%\ld ! build rema9 a #i until x came r\nd aga9 to ! play] :o orig9ally built x1 he c\ld !n take x 9 ) 8 #i1 or he might himself increase x to #aj1 if he _h an ,ace & a #aj 9 8 h&2 b 9 ord] to d ?is ! play] mu/ h 9 8 h& ! c>ds to w9 bo? ! orig9al & ! increas$ builds4 ,a play] hold+ 9 8 h& a #aj1 #c & #b1 b no #h1 c\ld n build a #e on ! table to an #h1 & aft]w>d advance x to #aj4 ,he mu/ h ! #b #c #h & #aj all 9 8 own h& to d ?is4 ,"s play]s imag9e t a play] _c increase 8 own build 9 ?is mann]1 ev5 if he has bo? ! c>ds = ! fir/ & la/ build2 b !re is no reason :y a play] %\ld be d5i$ a privilege :i* is freely grant$ to 8 adv]s>y4 ,if any play] c legitimately make or increase a build1 all may d s1 provid$ !y h ! prop] c>ds4 ,d\ble ,builds4 ,:5 two c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation1 or two builds ( ! same value are put toge!r z "o1 !y _c be increas$4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] holds #g & #c1 & !re are ^u ! table a #e #b & #d4 ,he places 8 #c on ! #d1 & ga!rs ! #e & #b toge!r1 ann\nc+ ! build z 8,two ,sev5s40 ,?is _c be increas$ to #h1 #i1 or #aj "u any circum/ances1 & no?+ b a #g w w9 x4 ,pairs may be d\bl$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,if a play] has two ,n9es 9 8 h&1 & !re is "o on ! table1 he may build on ! latt] ) "o ( 8 own1 ann\nc+1 8,two ,n9es10 :i* w prev5t any play] f build+ ei!r ( !m to #aj1 & w entitle ! build] to take 9 bo? c>ds ) 8 ?ird ,n9e :5 x comes r\nd to 8 turn4 ,%\ld any o!r play] at ! table hold ! f\r? ,n9e1 he c\ld ( c\rse take 9 ! build4 ,x is necess>y to di/+ui% betwe5 build+ & comb9+4 ,9 comb9+ c>ds1 ^? already on ! table are ga!r$ toge!r2 9 build+1 or increas+ a build1 a c>d mu/ be play$ f ! h&4 ,if "o play] has made a build ( any description1 x _c be int]f]$ ) or increas$ except by o!r c>ds f a play]'s h&1 ^? f ! table n be+ available4 ,= in/ance3 ,"o play] has built a #e by comb9+ two ,aces on ! table ) a #c f 8 h&4 ,on ! table are also a #b & #d & a foll[+ play] holds a #i & #g4 ,he _c use ! deuce on ! table to increase ! build f #e to #g1 nor ! #d to increase x to #i2 because t w\ld n be build+ f 8 h&2 b if he held ! #d & #i 9 8 h&1 he c\ld build on ! #e4 ,! simple rule to be rememb]$ is t no comb9ation ( c>ds once ann\nc$1 & left on ! table1 c be *ang$1 except by ! addition ( a c>d f ! h& ( "s play]4 ,tak+ ,94 ,any play] :o has made a build is oblig$ ei!r to w9 x1 :5 x is next 8 turn to play1 or to w9 some?+ else1 or to make ano!r build4 ,= in/ance3 ,he has built a #e into a #i ) a #d1 & holds ano!r #d2 if ano!r #e appe>s on ! table be=e x comes to 8 turn to play1 he may build t into a #i also1 ) 8 o!r #d1 ann\nc+1 8,two ,n9es40 ,or if "s play] %\ld lay out a #d he c\ld pair x & take x 91 leav+ 8 #i build until ! next r\nd4 ,9 ! same way a play] may increase or w9 ano!r play]'s build in/ead ( tak+ 9 8 own4 ,an oppon5t's build may be increas$ by c>ds f ! h& only4 ,9 ! f\r-h&$ game1 p>tn]s may take 9 "o ano!r's builds1 or may make builds :i* c be won by ! c>d decl>$ 9 ! p>tn]'s h&4 ,= in/ance2 ,"o play] builds an #h1 & 8 p>tn] holds ,little ,cass9o4 ,if !re is a #f on ! table1 ! ,cass9o c be built on x1 & 8two ,eights10 call$1 al?\gh ! play] has no #h 9 8 own h&2 ! #h already built by 8 p>tn] is suffici5t4 ,if a play] has built a #i :i* has be5 tak5 9 by an adv]s>y1 he /ill hold+ ! #i he built =1 8 p>tn] may build = ! decl>$ #i 9 ! same way4 ,sweep+4 ,if at any "t a play] is able to w9 ev]y?+ on ! table ) "o c>d1 x is a sweep1 & c\nts a po9t4 ,= in/ance3 ,he holds an #h1 & !re are ^u ! table f\r c>ds only3--#e #c #f & #b4 ,by comb9+ ! #f & #b1 & ! #e & #c1 two ,eights w be =m$1 & ! sweep is made4 ,sweeps are usually m>k$ by leav+ ! c>ds ) :i* !y are made face upw>d at ! bottom ( ! tricks tak5 9 by ! play]4 ,sweeps made by opposite sides are sometimes turn$ d[n to cancel "o ano!r4 ,trail+4 ,:5 a play] _c pair1 comb9e1 or build any?+1 he mu/ play a c>d4 ,?is is call$ trail+1 because he is simply foll[+ along wait+ = opportunities4 ,9 trail+ x is usually ! be/ policy to play ! small] c>ds1 except ,aces & ,little ,cass9o1 because z o!r play]s w probably trail small c>ds also1 ^! may be comb9$ & won ) ! l>g] c>ds kept 9 ! play]'s h&4 ,la/ ,c>ds4 ,9 ! la/ r\nd1 all ! c>ds rema9+ on ! table are won by ! play] :o takes ! la/ trick1 b x does n c\nt z a sweep unless x w\ld h be5 a sweep "u any circum/ances4 ,! la/ trick is usually made by ! deal]1 :o always keeps back a c\rt c>d if he has "o1 to pair "o already on ! table4 ,irregul>ities 9 ,play4 ,if any p]son plays out ( 8 prop] turn1 ! c>d s play$ is laid aside z expos$1 until x comes to 8 turn1 :5 x is simply plac$ on ! table ) ! o!rs4 ,! play] 9 error is n all[$ to build or comb9e x1 nor to w9 any?+ ) x4 ,if a play] ga!rs 9 a c>d :i* does n belong to ! comb9ation or build1 he mu/ n only return ! c>d improp]ly tak5 up1 b all o!rs tak5 9 ) x1 toge!r ) 8 own c>d1 ! latt]1 h[ev]1 be+ laid out sep>ately f ! o!rs4 ,if ! comb9ation 0 8 own build1 x mu/ be brok5 up2 if an adv]s>y's1 x mu/ be re/or$1 & left z x 04 ,if a play] takes 9 a build ) a wrong c>d1 or takes 9 a wrong comb9ation1 or ga!rs c>ds to :i* he is n entitl$1 ! error mu/ be *all5g$ & prov$ be=e ! next trick is tak5 9 by ano!r play]1 because only ! la/ trick ga!r$ c be se54 ,if a play] makes a build )\t ! prop] c>d 9 8 h& to w9 x1 on discov]y ( ! error1 ! comb9ation mu/ be brok5 up1 & ! adv]s>ies may take back ! c>ds !y h play$ 9 foll[+ ! errone\s build1 & may am5d _! play4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ano!r play] has won ! errone\s build1 !re is no p5alty1 nor any rem$y4 ,%[+4 ,aft] ! la/ c>d has be5 play$1 ea* play] c\nts 8 c>ds face d[nw>d1 & ann\nces ! numb]4 ,! play] hav+ ! majority scores ! ?ree po9ts = c>ds4 ,if x is a tie1 nei!r scores4 ,! c>ds are !n turn$ face up1 & ! spades c\nt$ & claim$2 & !n all ! po9ts = ,cass9os & ,aces4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t ! total numb] ( po9ts to be made 9 ea* h&1 exclusive ( sweeps1 is elev51 & ! total ( ! claims made mu/ agree ) t numb]4 ,scor+4 ,!re are sev]al me?ods ( scor+4 ,! old way 0 to play #aa po9ts up1 d$uct+ ! l[] score f ! high] at ! end ( ea* deal4 ,if "o side rea*$ #aa be=e ! adv]s>y rea*$ #f1 x 0 a lur*1 & c\nt$ z a d\ble game4 ,! common me?od is to c\nt e h& a game1 & settle = x 9 c\nt]s4 ,,tw5ty-,,"o ,,po9t ,,cass9o4 ,?is game is usually m>k$ ) c\nt]s1 or pegg$ on a cribbage bo>d4 ,no?+ is scor$ until ! end ( ! h&1 :5 ea* side reckons & claims its po9ts4 ,9 ord] to avoid disputes !re %\ld be a previ\s und]/&+ z to :at po9ts g out fir/ 9 a close game4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( any agreem5t to ! contr>y1 ! po9ts c\nt out 9 ! foll[+ ord]3--,c>ds fir/1 !n ,spades1 ,big ,cass9o1 ,little ,cass9o1 ,aces1 & ,sweeps4 ,if ! ,aces h to decide x1 ! spade ,ace goes out fir/1 !n clubs1 he>ts1 & diamonds4 ,if ! sweeps h to decide x1 only ! diff]5ce 9 ! numb] ( sweeps c\nts1 & if !re is none1 or n en\gh1 ! game is n end$1 & ano!r deal mu/ be play$4 ,x is bett] to agree to c\nt out 9 tw5ty-"o po9t ,cass9o2 ea* play] keep+ m5tal c\nt ( ! numb] ( c>ds & spades he has tak5 91 toge!r ) any 8natural0 po9ts4 ,! mom5t he rea*es #ba he %\ld claim ! game1 & if 8 claim is correct he w9s1 ev5 if 8 adv]s>y has #ba or m4 ,if he is mi/ak51 & _c %[ out1 he loses ! game1 no matt] :at 8 adv]s>y's score may be4 ,if nei!r claims out1 & bo? are f\nd to be1 nei!r w9s1 & ! game mu/ be cont9u$ to #cb po9ts1 & s on1 elev5 po9ts m ea* "t until "o play] claims to h won ! game4 ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play4 ,! pr9cipal ?+ 9 ,cass9o is to rememb] :at has be5 play$ especially 9 ! c\nt+ & high c>ds1 su* z ,aces1 ,eights1 ,n9es1 & ,t5s4 ,9 mak+ pairs & comb9ations1 give pref]5ce to ^? conta9+ spades1 & if y h to trail1 d n play a spade if y c help x4 ,if ?ree ,aces h be5 tak5 91 play ! f\r?1 if y hold x1 at ! fir/ opportunity1 because x _c be pair$2 b if !re is ano!r ,ace to come1 keep y\rs until y c make a good build ) x4 ,z betwe5 c>ds :i* 7 on ! table & ^? trail$ by an adv]s>y1 take 9 ^? trail$ if y h a *oice4 ,take 9 ! adv]s>y's build 9 pref]5ce to y\r own1 if y c1 & build on 8 build at e opportunity4 ,if ,big ,cass9o is /ill to come1 avoid trail+ c>ds t w make a ,t5 ) ^? on ! table4 ,g = 8c>ds0 9 pref]5ce to ev]y?+ else1 & always make comb9ations t take 9 z _m c>ds z possible4 ,if y h a ,n9e1 & ! c>ds on ! table are #b #b #e #g1 take 9 ! #b #b #e1 9 pref]5ce to ! #b #g4 ,x is consid]$ bad policy to take 9 ?ree c\rt c>ds1 z x /ops all sweeps :5 ! f\r? appe>s4 ,,royal ,,cass9o4 ,! only diff]5ce 9 ?is =m ( ! game is t ! ?ree c\rt c>ds1 ,k ,q ,j1 h a pip value1 & may be us$ 9 comb9+ & build+1 :]eas 9 ! ord9>y game !y c be us$ only 9 pairs4 ,! ,jack is wor? #aa1 ! ,que5 #ab1 & ! ,k+ #ac2 s t a #i & #b c be tak5 9 ) a ,jack1 or a #f #d & #c ) a ,k+4 ,9 ! same mann] a ,que5 w w9 a ,jack & ,ace1 or a ,k+ w w9 a ,jack & deuce4 ,! aces are sometimes valu$ at #ad ea*4 ,,spade ,,cass9o4 ,9 ?is int]e/+ v>iation e spade c\nts "o po9t t[>d game4 ,! spade ,jack c\nts "o 9 addition to its be+ a spade1 & ! extra po9t s made takes ! place ( ! c\nt = 8spades0 9 ! ord9>y game1 s t #bd po9ts are made 9 e h&1 exclusive ( sweeps3 ,c>ds #c2 ,big ,cass9o #b2 ,little ,cass9o #a2 ! f\r ,aces #d2 ! spade ,jack #a1 & #ac spades4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! spade ,jack & deuce c\nt #b po9ts ea*1 ! extra po9t be+ = ! spade4 ,! game is scor$ on a cribbage bo>d1 e po9t be+ pegg$ imm$iately2 t is1 e spade1 e ,ace1 ! ,cass9os & ! sweeps4 ,!re is no?+ to c\nt at ! end ( ! h& b ! c>ds4 ,sixty-"o po9ts is game1 once r\nd ! bo>d & into ! game hole4 ,,draw ,,cass9o4 ,9 ?is v>iation1 no m c>ds are dealt aft] ! fir/ r\nd1 b ea* play] keeps 8 h& fill$ to f\r c>ds by draw+ "o f ! top ( ! /ock z soon z he plays "o f 8 h&4 ,! /ock is left on ! table1 face d[n1 slightly spread1 = conv5i5ce 9 slipp+ (f ! top c>d z x is drawn4 ,,conquian4 ,! etymology ( ?is ^w is ,spani%2 con quin1 8) :om10 b ( ! game x /&s =1 little or no?+ is kn[n except t x is a great favorite 9 ,mexico1 & 9 all ! ,am]ican ,/ates bord]+ ^u x1 especially ,texas4 ,x is an excell5t game = two play]s1 q diff]5t f any o!r 9 its pr9ciples1 & requir+ v close att5tion & a good memory to play x well4 ,9 its f9] po9ts1 especially 9 ! judgm5t ( :at ! adv]s>y holds or is play+ =1 x ranks ) our be/ games1 & w probably gr[ 9 popul>ity z x becomes bett] kn[n4 ,c>ds4 ,conquian is play$ ) ! ,spani% pack1 =ty c>ds1 ! #h #i #aj ( ea* suit be+ delet$4 ,9 ,am]ica1 x is mu* m common to play ) a pack ( =ty c>ds f :i* ! ?ree c\rt c>ds1 ,k ,q ,j1 h be5 disc>d$1 leav+ ea* suit an unbrok5 sequ5ce f ! ,ace to ! ,t54 ,"s p]sons play ) ! full pack1 b x spoils ! game2 z x is !n possible to w9 on a sequ5ce ( a s+le suit4 ,!re are no trumps1 & ! c>ds h no value z to rank1 a sequ5ce ( #f #g ,j be+ no bett] ?an "o ( #b #c #d4 ,! ,ace is n 9 sequ5ce ) ! ,k+4 ,c\nt]s4 ,ea* play] %\ld be suppli$ ) at lea/ t5 c\nt]s1 :i* may be us$ 9 settl+ at ! end ( ea* deal4 ,play]s4 ,conquian is play$ by two p]sons1 "o ( :om is kn[n z ! deal]1 & ! o!r z ! pone4 ,if !re are ?ree at ! table1 ! deal] takes no c>ds1 & has no "p 9 ! game = t h&4 ,cutt+4 ,seats & deal are cut =1 ! l[e/ cut hav+ ! *oice1 & deal+ ! fir/ h&4 ,! ,ace is l[1 ! ,k+ high4 ,/akes4 ,ea* deal is a game 9 itself1 & ! los] pays "o c\nt] = x4 ,if ! game is a tie1 call$ a tableau1 ea* puts up a c\nt] = a pool1 & ! w9n] ( ! next game takes ! pool1 9 addition to ! c\nt] paid by 8 adv]s>y4 ,if ! next game is also a tableau1 ea* play] adds ano!r c\nt] to ! pool1 & s on until x is won4 ,deal+4 ,t5 c>ds are dealt to ea* play] 9 five r\nds ( two at a "t1 & ! tw5ty rema9+ 9 ! /ock are laid ^u ! table face d[n1 betwe5 ! play]s1 b a little to ! left ( ! deal]4 ,! /ock may be slightly spread1 to facilitate ! process ( draw+ c>ds f x4 ,objects ( ! ,game4,! object ( ea* play] is to =m triplets1 f\rs1 & sequ5ces1 by comb9+ ! c>ds dealt him ) o!rs drawn f ! /ock4 ,^! comb9ations are laid ^u ! table1 face up1 & ! play] w9s ! game :o fir/ succe$s 9 lay+ d[n elev5 c>ds 9 ?is mann]4 ,sequ5ces mu/ be all ( ! same suit1 & _c be %ort] ?an ?ree c>ds4 ,! ,ace is n 9 sequ5ce ) ! ,k+1 b ! #g is next bel[ ! ,jack4 ,a sequ5ce once />t$ c be add$ to f "t to "t z ! c>ds are drawn f ! /ock4 ,triplets are any ?ree c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation1 & !y may be increas$ to ,f\rs at any "t1 by add+ ! o!r c>d4 ,borr[+4 ,a play] ) f\r ( a k9d on ! table may borr[ any "o ( ! f\r to use 9 a sequ5ce2 b he _c borr[ "o ( ?ree1 because no comb9ation may consi/ ( less ?an ?ree c>ds4 ,9 ! same mann] a play] may borr[ ! c>d at ei!r end ( a sequ5ce ( at lea/ f\r c>ds1 if he c use x to make a triplet4 ,he _c borr[ an int]m$iate c>d1 nor "o ( a sequ5ce ( ?ree c>ds only1 because ?ree c>ds mu/ be left to ma9ta9 ! sequ5ce1 b if he _h a sequ5ce ( at lea/ five c>ds on ! table1 he might borr[ ! top ( x to make "o triplet1 & !n ! next c>d to make ano!r triplet4 ,me?od ( ,play+4 ,! c>ds dealt1 ea* play] sorts 8 h& into sequ5ces & triplets1 & det]m9es :at c>ds he wants to complete 8 runs1 s t he may be on ! look\t = !m4 ,! pone !n draws ! top c>d f ! /ock & turns x face up on ! pack4 ,if ?is c>d c be us$ 9 comb9ation ) any ( ^? 9 8 h&1 he draws x ov] to 8 side ( ! table1 & takes f 8 h& ! c>ds complet+ ! comb9ation ( ?ree c>ds1 leav+ !m all face up4 ,ev5 if he has c>ds en\gh 9 8 h& to increase ! comb9ation to f\r or m c>ds1 he %\ld n %[ !m4 ,! c>ds drawn f ! /ock mu/ nev] be tak5 into ! h&4 ,let u suppose ! pone holds ^! c>ds3-- ,j #g #f #d2 #e #c #b2 ,k #g #e2 & t ! #e is ! fir/ c>d he draws4 ,he c use ?is c>d 9 ?ree ways3 ,by mak+ a run ( ?ree ) ! #d & #f2 or a run ) ! #f & #g2 or a triplet ) ! two o!r #e's4 ,9 ?is case he w\ld probably lay out ! #f & #g1 & make ! run ( ?ree4 ,if he %\ld draw ! ,q lat] on1 he c\ld use x by cont9u+ ! sequ5ce ) 8 ,jack2 or if ! #c appe>$1 he c\ld use x ) 8 #d4 ,pass+4 ,if he _c use ! c>d drawn1 or does n wi% to1 he draws x f its position on ! top ( ! /ock & places x betwe5 himself & ! deal]1 /ill face up4 ,! deal] !n decides :e!r or n he wants x1 & if he does n he 8passes0 x by turn+ x face d[n1 & pu%+ x to 8 "r4 ,c>ds once pass$ 9 ?is mann] _c aga9 be se5 by ei!r play]4 ,! play] :o passes ! c>d turns up ! next "o on ! /ock4 ,if he does n want x1 he places x on ! table betwe5 himself & 8 adv]s>y1 & if 8 adv]s>y does n want x ei!r1 he turns x d[n & passes x to ! pile ( deadwood1 turn+ up ! top c>d ( ! /ock aga94 ,9 ?is mann] x w be se5 t ea* play] has to decide on two c>ds 9 succession2 ! "o drawn b n us$ by 8 adv]s>y1 & ! "o he draws himself4 ,?is is cont9u$ until ! /ock is exhau/$1 :i* ends ! game4 ,disc>d+4 ,if a play] uses any c>d drawn f ! /ock 9 ?is mann]1 x is obvi\s t he has too _m c>ds1 & 9 ord] to r$uce 8 h& & %[-d[ns to t5 c>ds1 he mu/ disc>d some?+1 unless he c %[ d[n ev]y?+ rema9+ 9 8 h&1 9 :i* case he w\ld h elev5 c>ds d[n1 & w9 ! game4 ,9 disc>d+1 ! c>d ?r[n out is plac$ at ! disposal ( ! adv]s>y1 z if x 7 ! c>d drawn f ! /ock1 & if ! adv]s>y does n want x1 he passes x & draws ano!r4 ,x %\ld be obs]v$ t ! play] draw+ ! c>d f ! /ock always has ! fir/ refusal ( x4 ,?is is sometimes v important1 z bo? play]s (t5 ne$ ! same c>d4 ,9 ! =ego+ example1 ! play]'s be/ disc>d w\ld be 8 ,k1 :i* is too f> remov$ f ! o!rs 9 ! suit to make a run possible1 & !re is no mate to x ) :i* to />t a triplet4 ,if ! adv]s>y c\ld use ?is ,k+1 he w\ld h to disc>d 9 8 turn1 & ! c>d s ?r[n out w\ld be at ! disposal ( ! o!r play]1 j z if x _h be5 drawn f ! /ock4 ,=c+4 ,a play] ne$ n use any c>d drawn1 b if he has ^u ! table any comb9ation 9 :i* x c be us$1 8 adv]s>y may =ce him ) x1 ev5 aft] x has be5 decl9$4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] has eight c>ds d[n1 two sequ5ces ( f\r small c>ds ea*1 & 9 8 h& a pair ( ,k+s4 ,ano!r ,k+ w make him game2 b if he has to dep5d on 8 sequ5ces to put him out1 he w h to get ?ree m c>ds4 ,suppose he draws a c>d t w fit "o ( 8 sequ5ces2 x is to 8 advantage to pass x2 b ^u lay+ x on ! table 8 adv]s>y may take x up & =ce him ) x1 by plac+ x at ! end ( 8 sequ5ce1 at ! same "t say+3 8,disc>d40 ,9 ! same mann] a play] hold+ "o ( ! c>ds ( 8 adv]s>y's %[-d[n sequ5ce or triplet may =ce aft] us+ a c>d1 by plac+ 8 disc>d on 8 adv]s>y's sequ5ce1 in/ead ( lay+ x on ! table4 ,if x is laid on ! table1 ! adv]s>y may pass x at once1 by turn+ x d[n1 & x is !n too late to compel him to use x4 ,suppose y ?9k y\r adv]s>y holds two c>ds ( an unplay$ sequ5ce1 & has a triplet on ! table4 ,if y c use "o ( ^? sequ5ce c>ds 9 8 h& to advantage1 & c =ce him by giv+ him ! f\r? c>d ( 8 triplet1 :i* is ( no use to y1 y %\ld d s2 b y mu/ rememb] t y _c =ce except aft] us+ a c>d y\rself1 because y are n all[$ to disc>d "u any o!r circum/ances4 ,if a play] looks at any ( ! c>ds t h be5 pass$ & turn$ d[n1 8 adv]s>y may take up & exam9e ! rema9d] ( ! /ock1 b )\t di/urb+ ! position ( ! c>ds !re91 & )\t %[+ !m4 ,if a play] looks at any ( ! c>ds 9 ! /ock except ! "o he draws1 8 adv]s>y may look at all ( !m4 ,if a play] draws out ( turn1 8 adv]s>y simply claims ! c>d4 ,%[+4 ,aft] ! la/ c>d is drawn f ! /ock & pass$1 ea* play] %[s ! rema9d] ( 8 h&1 & z nei!r c comb9e 8 c>ds s z to get elev5 d[n1 x is a tableau1 & ea* puts a c\nt] 9 ! pool = ! next h&4 ,! deal passes f "o play] to ! o!r 9 rotation z long z !y cont9ue to play4 ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play4 ,obs]vation ( ! c>ds pass$ w usually %[ :at ! adv]s>y is keep+1 & :at he has no *ance =4 ,t[>d ! end ( ! /ock ea* play] %\ld "k :at ! o!r holds 9 8 h& by ! c>ds :i* h n appe>$ 9 ! draw+4 ,if a play] has n a good *ance to get elev5 d[n himself1 he %\ld play = a tableau1 by us+ no?+ t w compel him to disc>d c>ds :i* may put 8 adv]s>y out4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t a play] _c get elev5 d[n 9 "o suit1 & c>eful obs]vation ( ! c>ds pass$ w (t5 %[ t 8 runs are block$1 ! c>ds necess>y to cont9ue !m hav+ be5 turn$ d[n4 ,"o peculi> feature ( ! game is t a play] _c block 8 adv]s>y & at ! same "t w9 ! game1 because s long z he holds up ! c>d t 8 adv]s>y wants he _c get elev5 d[n himself4 ,8 only *ance is t he may be able to use ! c>d t 8 adv]s>y ne$s4 ,= in/ance3 ,he holds two #h's1 "o ( :i* w make 8 adv]s>y elev5 d[n by complet+ a sequ5ce4 ,if !re is ano!r #h to come1 ! play] ) ! pair may use bo? 8 #h's1 & w92 b if !re is no o!r #h to come1 x is impossible = ! play] ) ! two #h's to w9 )\t fir/ putt+ 8 adv]s>y out4 ,!re are no ,text ,books on ,conquian1 & ?is is ! fir/ complete description ( x ev] publi%$4 ,,calabrasella4 ,?is is a v popul> game ) ! middle classes & ! unoccupi$ cl]gy 9 ,italy1 & x is "o ( ! v few good games ( c>ds = ?ree play]s4 ,if ! game 7 bett] kn[n1 ! au?or is sure x w\ld become a great fav\rite1 especially ) ^? :o are fond ( ! :i/ family1 because ,calabrasella is an excell5t tra9+ s*ool = ! use ( c>ds ( re-entry1 long suits1 & t5ace positions 9 ! end game4 ,9 ! comb9ation ( two play]s aga9/ ! ?ird its tactics v closely resemble ,skat1 & _m int]e/+ & difficult positions occur 9 e game4 ,c>ds4 ,calabrasella is play$ ) ! ,spani% pack1 =ty c>ds1 ! #aj #i & #h ( ea* suit be+ disc>d$4 ,! c>ds rank3 #c #b ,a ,k ,q ,j #g #f #e #d1 ! #c be+ ! highe/1 & ! #d ! l[e/1 bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,!re are no trumps4 ,m>k]s4 ,! game may be scor$ by pay+ & tak+ 9 c\nt]s1 ea* play] be+ provid$ ) ab\t fifty at ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 :i* are pur*as$ f a bank]2 b ! bett] way is to keep acc\nt ( ! ga9s & losses ( ! s+le play] 9 ea* deal1 9 ! mann] already describ$ 9 connection ) ,skat1 balanc+ ! acc\nt at ! end 9 ! same way4 ,play]s4 ,calabrasella is play$ by ?ree p]sons1 two ( :om are p>tn]s aga9/ ! ?ird 9 ea* h&4 ,if f\r play1 ! deal] takes no c>ds1 b %>es ! =tunes ( ^? :o are oppos$ to ! s+le play]1 j z 9 ,skat4 ,! play]s on ! "r & left ( ! deal] are kn[n z ! pone & ! elde/ h& respectively4 ,cutt+4 ,! play]s cut = seats & deal1 ! l[e/ c>d hav+ ! fir/ *oice & deal+ ! fir/ h&4 ,a play] expos+ m ?an "o c>d mu/ cut aga94 ,/akes4 ,! game is play$ = s mu* a po9t4 ,! l>ge/ w9n+ or loss = ! s+le play] is #adj1 b su* an am\nt is almo/ impossible1 & ! av]age paym5ts are #aj or #bj4 ,deal+4 ,! c>ds are pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut1 & at lea/ f\r mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,! deal] !n di/ributes !m to ! play]s f\r at a "t1 until ea* has twelve1 f\r rema9+ 9 ! /ock or talon1 :i* is left ^u ! table face d[n4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,! deal passes to ! left4 ,!re are no misdeals4 ,if ! c>ds are n prop]ly di/ribut$1 or f\r c>ds are n left 9 ! talon1 ! same deal] mu/ deal aga91 )\t p5alty4 ,objects ( ! ,game4 ,! *ief objects ( ! game are to w9 ! la/ trick1 & to secure c\nt+ c>ds 9 ! o!r tricks 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,!re are #ce po9ts to be play$ = 9 e deal4 ,! six highe/ c>ds 9 ea* suit1 #c #b ,a ,k ,q ,j1 h a c\nt+ value1 ! ,ace be+ wor? #c1 & ! o!rs #a ea*4 ,! la/ trick c\nts #c4 ,decl>+4 ,! elde/ h& exam9es 8 c>ds & det]m9es :e!r or n he w /&2 t is1 play s+le h&$ aga9/ ! two o!rs4 ,if n1 he says 8pass10 & ! next play] decides4 ,if all ?ree pass1 ! deal is void1 & passes to ! next play] on ! left4 ,if any play] /&s1 he asks = ! #c ( any suit he pleases1 & if ei!r adv]s>y holds x1 he mu/ give x up4 ,if x is 9 ! /ock1 ! play] _c ask = any o!r c>d4 ,if he has all f\r #c's 9 8 h& he may ask = a #b1 b = no l[] c>d4 ,! adv]s>y giv+ ! c>d ask$ = mu/ receive a c>d 9 ex*ange f ! h& ( ! s+le play]1 b ?is c>d mu/ n be %[n to ! o!r adv]s>y4 ,disc>d+4 ,hav+ giv5 a c>d 9 ex*ange = ! #c ask$ =1 ! s+le play] mu/ disc>d at lea/ "o m c>d1 face d[nw>d on ! table1 & he may disc>d z _m z f\r4 ,! f\r c>ds rema9+ 9 ! /ock are !n turn$ face up1 & ! s+le play] may select f !m z _m c>ds z he has disc>d$2 b he is n all[$ to am5d 8 disc>d 9 any way4 ,! c>ds he does n take1 if any1 are turn$ d[n aga91 & are plac$ ) 8 disc>ds1 =m+ a /ock ( f\r c>ds1 :i* mu/ n be se5 or t\*$ until ! la/ c>d is play$1 :5 x becomes ! prop]ty ( ! side t w9s ! la/ trick1 & any c\nt+ c>ds x may conta9 are reckon$ = t side4 ,play+4 ,! disc>ds settl$1 ! elde/ h& leads any c>d he pleases1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c1 b no "o is oblig$ to w9 a trick if he has a small] c>d ( ! suit l$1 & does n want ! lead4 ,! two adv]s>ies ( ! s+le play] d _! be/ to get him betwe5 !m1 & comb9e _! =ces to prev5t him f w9n+ tricks t conta9 c\nt+ c>ds1 especially ,aces4 ,:atev] tricks !y w9 are plac$ toge!r1 & ! c\nt+ c>ds conta9$ 9 !m reckon = _! jo9t acc\nt4 ,! tricks h no value z su*1 except ! la/4 ,%[+4 ,! w9n] ( ! la/ trick takes ! /ock1 & ea* side !n turns ov] its c>ds & c\nts ! total value ( ! po9ts won4 ,! l[] score is d$uct$ f ! high]1 & ! diff]5ce is ! value ( ! game4 ,if all #ce po9ts are won by ei!r side1 !y c\nt d\ble1 #gj4 ,scor+4 ,if ! s+le play] loses1 he loses to bo? adv]s>ies1 & if he w9s he w9s f bo?4 ,8 score is ! only "o put d[n1 & ! am\nt is prec$$ ) a m9us or plus sign accord+ to ! result4 ,if he secures #bc po9ts1 he w9s #aa2 if he takes 9 #af only1 he loses #c4 ,if ! am\nt is less ?an #ah x mu/ be a loss2 if x is #ah or m x mu/ be a ga94 ,! me?od ( balanc+ ! scores at ! end w be f\nd fully expla9$ 9 connection ) ,skat4 ,irregul>ities4 ,! p5alty = a revoke is ! loss ( #i po9ts1 :i* are tak5 f ! score ( ! side 9 error at ! end ( ! h&1 & add$ to ! side n 9 fault4 ,if ! f9al score is #bd to #aa1 = in/ance1 9 fav\r ( ! s+le play]1 & "o ( ! p>tn]s has revok$1 ! score is #cc to #b1 & ! play] w9s #ca po9ts4 ,if any play] turns ov] ! /ock be=e he has ann\nc$ to /& & has disc>d$ at lea/ "o c>d1 he loses #ce po9ts to ea* adv]s>y1 & ! deal is void4 ,if an adv]s>y ( ! s+le play] turns ov] ! /ock be=e ! play] has disc>d$1 !re is no p5alty1 & ! play] may disc>d z he pleases4 ,if an adv]s>y ( ! s+le play] leads or plays out ( turn1 ! play] may ab&on ! h& at t po9t1 & claim ! /ock & la/ trick1 ! adv]s>ies be+ entitl$ to c\nt only ! po9ts !y h won up to ! "t ! error occurr$4 ,sugge/ions = ,good ,play4 ,! g5]al tactics ( ! game are extremely l ^? employ$ 9 ,:i/ & ,skat4 ,! play] e/abli%es 8 long suit z rapidly z possible1 & pres]ves 8 t5aces & c>ds ( re-entry4 ,! adv]s>ies ( ! play] %\ld lead %ort suits up to him1 & long suits ?r\gh him1 & e opportunity %\ld be tak5 advantage ( to disc>d c\nt+ c>ds on p>tn]'s tricks1 ,aces especially1 :i* are n ! be/ ( ! suit1 b c\nt ! mo/4 ,bo? sides s*eme to get _! h&s 9 %ape = w9n+ ! la/ trick1 :i* usually makes a diff]5ce ( t5 or twelve po9ts 9 ! score1 ow+ to ! high c>ds held back1 & ^? f\nd 9 ! /ock4 ,ea* side %\ld keep m5tal c\nt ( its score1 s z to "k :e!r or n x mu/ w9 ! la/ trick to get to #ah4 ,! exposure ( ! /ock1 ! numb] ( c>ds disc>d$ by ! play]1 ! suits :i* are l$ & avoid$1 w all prove useful guides 9 det]m9+ :]e ! /r5g? or weakness 9 ea* suit lies1 & prop] advantage %\ld be tak5 ( all su* inf]5ces4 ,"s judgm5t is requir$ 9 select+ ! suit 9 :i* ! #c is to be ask$ =1 & ! s+le play] mu/ plan 9 advance = all 8 disc>ds1 "o = ! ex*ange1 & ^? = ! /ock4 ,! play]'s position at ! table makes q a diff]5ce4 ,! lead] has an advantage ) a good long suit2 b ) t5aces x is bett] to be ?ird play]1 & v bad to be second h&4 ,"s pretty positions arise 9 ! end game ?r\gh ! refusal ( play]s to w9 tricks :i* w\ld put !m 9 ! lead1 & s lose !m ! la/ trick & ! /ock4 ,aft] ! fir/ few tricks1 ev]y?+ mu/ be arrang$ ) a view to secur+ t la/ trick1 b ! importance ( gett+ home ) ,aces mu/ nev] be ov]look$4 ,^! c\nt #ab po9ts 9 e h&1 & ! side t c get 9 ?ree out ( ! f\r has #f po9ts ! be/ ( x4 ,! only ,text ,book on ?is game is ! ,pocket ,guide1 by 8,cav5di%02 !re are "s good articles 9 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ( ! 8,we/m9/] ,pap]s40 ,,v9t4 ,:ile ?is game is by "s p]sons ?\ght to be ! =]unn] ( bridge1 & might be class$ z "o ( ! :i/ family1 x is at pres5t s little kn[n outside ( ,russia1 :]e x is ! national game1 t ! au?or has ?\ght x be/ to gr\p x ) o!r games :i* are di/9ctly national 9 "*4 ,v9t has be5 v>i\sly describ$ z bridge )\t a ,dummy & z auction :i/4 ,x resembles bridge 9 ! mak+ ( ! trump1 & :i/ 9 ! mann] ( ! play4 ,c>ds4 ,v9t is play$ ) ! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank f ! ,a ,k ,q d[n to ! deuce4 ,two packs are g5]ally us$4 ,play]s4 ,a table is complete ) f\r play]s1 & if !re are m ?an f\r c&idates = play ! selection mu/ be made by cutt+4 ,all ! rules = =mation ( tables1 cutt+1 ties1 etc41 are ! same z at bridge4 ,! l[e/ cut takes ! deal4 ,p>tn]s sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,deal+4 ,! deal] pres5ts ! pack to be cut1 & !n gives ?irte5 c>ds to ea* play]1 "o at a "t4 ,no trump is turn$4 ,! deal passes to ! left4 ,all irregul>ities are gov]n$ by ! same laws z bridge4 ,mak+ ! trump4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! deal]1 bids to make a c]ta9 numb] ( tricks1 f sev5 to ?irte51 ) a suit ( 8 own *oos+1 :i* he names :5 he makes 8 bid4 ,! suits outrank "o ano!r 9 ! ord] ( he>ts1 diamonds1 clubs1 & spades1 he>ts be+ ! be/4 ,no-trumps are high] ?an he>ts4 ,a bid ( sev5 tricks is usually call$ 8"o0 9 he>ts1 or :atev] ! suit may be4 ,a bid ( 8two0 means to w9 eight tricks1 or two ov] ! book4 ,bidd+4 ,if a play] wi%es to g ov] ! fir/ (f] made1 he mu/ ei!r bid ! same numb] ( tricks 9 a bett] suit1 or he mu/ increase ! numb] ( tricks4 ,no play] c increase 8 own bid unless he is ov]bid 9 ! int]val1 b !re is no limit to ! numb] ( times t play]s may outbid "o ano!r4 ,obs]ve t ! deal] may bid or pass1 & ea* play] aft] him 9 turn may bid or pass4 ,! highe/ bidd] mu/ abide by 8 ann\ncem5t bo? z to ! numb] ( tricks & ! suit4 ,! ,play4 ,no matt] :o dealt ! c>ds1 ! play] to ! left ( ! highe/ bidd] always leads = ! fir/ trick4 ,ea* play] 9 turn mu/ foll[ suit if he c1 & ! highe/ c>d play$1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick1 trumps w9n+ all o!r suits4 ,! w9n] ( "o trick leads = ! next1 & s on4 ,!re is no ,dummy h& z 9 bridge4 ,scor+4 ,al?\gh ! bidd+ is = s _m 8odd0 tricks1 or tricks ov] ! book1 e trick tak5 is c\nt$ :5 x comes to ! scor+2 b x is ! numb] ( tricks bid1 & n ! rank ( ! suit1 t det]m9es ! value4 ,e trick won by ! same p>tn]s-- ,9 a bid ( 8"o0 is wor? #aj ,9 a bid ( 8two0 is wor? #bj ,9 a bid ( 8?ree0 is wor? #cj ,9 a bid ( 8f\r0 is wor? #dj ,9 a bid ( 8five0 is wor? #ej ,9 a bid ( 8six0 is wor? #fj ,9 a bid ( 8sev50 is wor? #gj ,bo? sides score4 ,if ! highe/ bid 0 8two 9 diamonds10 & ! bidd]'s side won n9e tricks1 !y w\ld score #i times #bj1 or #ahj2 :ile _! adv]s>ies w\ld score #d times #bj1 or #hj4 ,z soon z ei!r side rea*es #ejj1 !y w9 ! game1 ev5 if x is 9 ! middle ( a h&2 b ! h& mu/ be play$ out 9 ord] to see h[ _m po9ts are won by ea* side4 ,x %\ld be obs]v$ t al?\gh ! bidd]'s side may make n9e or t5 tricks ! adv]s>ies c w9 ! game if !y get en\gh to c\nt out be=e ! bidd]1 by rea*+ #ejj fir/4 ,tricks & ,hon\rs4 ,! score = tricks & = hon\rs mu/ be kept sep>ate1 usually above & bel[ ! l9e1 z at bridge4 ,all trick po9ts1 :i* are ! only ones t c\nt t[>d game1 are plac$ bel[ ! l9e2 ! hon\r po9ts above4 ,= w9n+ a game1 #a1jjj po9ts are add$ 9 ! hon\r column4 ,! side t fir/ w9s two games ( #ejj po9ts ea* adds #b1jjj rubb] po9ts 9 ! hon\r column4 ,slams4 ,if a little slam1 #ab tricks1 is made1 b has n be5 bid1 x is wor? #a1jjj po9ts 9 hon\rs4 ,if a little slam1 8six tricks10 has be5 bid & is made1 x is wor? #e1jjj m = bidd+ x1 or #f1jjj altoge!r4 ,if a gr& slam1 #ac tricks1 is made b n bid1 x is wor? #b1jjj hon\r po9ts4 ,if a little slam is bid & a gr& slam made1 x is wor? #g1jjj altoge!r4 ,if a gr& slam is bid & made1 x is wor? #ab1jjj altoge!r4 ,lo/ ,games4 ,if ! bidd] fails to make good1 8 adv]s>ies score #ajj times ! value ( ! tricks z p5alty1 9 ! hon\r column2 ! scores = ! tricks actually won /&+ at _! regul> value bel[ ! l9e4 ,suppose ! bid to be ?ree 9 diamonds1 mak+ ! tricks wor? #cj ea*1 & t ! bidd]'s side get ! odd trick only4 ,al?\gh ! bidd] has fail$ to make good1 he scores bel[ ! l9e = ! sev5 tricks he took1 at #cj ea*1 & ! adv]s>ies score = ! six !y took1 also at #cj ea*4 ,!n1 z ! bidd] fell %ort by two tricks ( mak+ good1 8 adv]s>ies score ^! two tricks at #c1jjj po9ts ea*1 p5alty1 9 ! hon\r column4 ,hon\rs4 ,! hon\rs are ! ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj ( trumps & ! f\r ,aces1 ! ,aces be+ always hon\rs2 b :5 !re is a no-trump decl>ation !y are ! only hon\rs4 ,?is makes ! ,ace ( trumps c\nt d\ble1 :5 !re is a trump suit2 once z "o ( ! five hon\rs 9 trumps1 & once z an ,ace4 ,ea* hon\r is wor? t5 times z mu* z a trick4 ,if ! bid 0 ?ree 9 clubs1 ! tricks w\ld be wor? #cj ea* & ! hon\rs #cjj ea*4 ,! side t has ! majority ( ,aces & ( hon\rs scores = all !y hold2 n = ! majority or diff]5ce4 ,suppose ! bidd]'s side has ?ree hon\rs 9 clubs & ?ree ,aces2 ! o!r side mu/ h only two hon\rs & "o ,ace2 !re=e ! bidd] scores = six hon\rs1 at #cjj ea*4 ,if ! ,aces & hon\rs 9 trumps are s divid$ t ea* side has a majority ( "o or ! o!r1 !y (fset4 ,suppose ! bidd] to hold f\r ,aces & two hon\rs4 ,! adv]s>ies mu/ h ! majority ( trump hon\rs4 ,!n ! numb] ( _! trump hon\rs1 :i* is ?ree1 is d$uct$ f ! numb] ( ! bidd]'s ,aces1 f\r1 leav+ ! bidd]'s side only "o hon\r to ! good4 ,?ree hon\rs on "o side & ?ree ,aces on ! o!r w\ld be a tie1 & no hon\rs to score4 ,if ! ,aces are a tie1 ! side t w9s ! mo/ tricks scores !m4 ,suppose ! bidd] has ?ree hon\rs & two ,aces4 ,he scores five hon\rs if he w9s ! odd trick2 o!rwise he scores "o only1 ! ,aces be+ a tie & he hav+ only "o m hon\r ?an 8 adv]s>ies4 ,9 no-trump h&s1 ! hon\rs are wor? #be times ! value ( ! tricks4 ,if ,aces are easy1 nei!r side scores4 ,if "o has ?ree ,aces1 !y are all scor$4 ,suppose ! bid to h be5 8two at no-trumps10 !n ! ,aces are wor? #be times #bj1 & ?ree ( !m are wor? #a1ejj po9ts4 ,coronets4 ,a sequ5ce ( ?ree or m c>ds 9 any suit1 trumps or pla91 held by an individual play]1 is a coronet4 ,?ree or f\r ,aces 9 "o h& is also a coronet4 ,:5 !re is a trump suit1 ?ree ,aces1 or ?ree ( a pla9 suit 9 sequ5ce1 are wor? #ejj 9 ! hon\r column4 ,ea* additional c>d is wor? #ejj po9ts m4 ,a sequ5ce ( ,k ,q ,j #aj #i w\ld be wor? #a1ejj4 ,9 ! trump suit1 & 9 all ! suits :5 !re are no trumps1 ^! coronets are wor? d\ble1 & ea* additional c>d is !re=e wor? #a1jjj m4 ,rubb]s4 ,z soon z "o side w9s two games1 t ends ! fir/ rubb]4 ,! p>tn]s !n *ange1 )\t cutt+1 9 su* a mann] t at ! end ( ?ree rubb]s ea* play] %all h _h ea* ( ! o!rs = a p>tn]4 ,at ! end ( ! ?ird rubb]1 ! losses & ga9s are asc]ta9$ = ea* individual1 & settl$ =4 ,laws4 ,! laws t gov]n ! game are almo/ id5tical ) ^? = ,bridge4 ,,pref]5ce4 ,?is is a simplifi$ =m ( ,v9t1 = ?ree play]s1 ) a ?irty-two-c>d pack4 ,! c>ds rank3 ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g1 & ! suits rank3 ,he>ts1 diamonds1 clubs1 & spades4 ,he>ts are always pref]5ce4 ,!re are no h&s play$ )\t a trump suit4 ,if f\r p]sons play1 ! deal] takes no c>ds4 ,! ?ree active play]s make up a pool1 ea* putt+ 9 an equal am\nt at fir/1 & ! bidd] putt+ into x z _m z he bids = ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit4 ,any "o may deal ! fir/ h&1 aft] :i* ! deal passes to ! left4 ,?ree c>ds are giv5 to ea* play] ! fir/ r\nd1 !n two are laid (f = a wid[1 !n f\r to ea* play]1 & !n ?ree to ea*4 ,beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left1 ea* play] 9 turn may "n ! trump if he ?9ks he c take at lea/ six ( ! t5 tricks to be play$ =4 ,bids outrank "o ano!r 9 ! ord] ( ! suits1 he>ts be+ pref]5ce always4 ,! numb] ( tricks is n m5tion$4 ,9 case !re are no bids1 ea* 9 turn has a second *ance to bid = ! wid[4 ,^! bids are made 9 c\nt]s1 to be put into ! pool4 ,! highe/ bidd] takes ! wid[1 lays out two c>ds1 & !n names ! trump suit4 ,! play]s agree ^u a value = ! tricks won1 & paym5ts are made f ! pool accord+ly4 ,^! paym5ts may v>y accord+ to ! rank ( ! trump suit4 ,,odd ,,games4 ,!re are q a numb] ( odd games ( c>ds1 :i* come & g z fav\rites f "t to "t1 & pass r\nd ! _w f "o c\ntry to ano!r "u _m diff]5t names4 ,! orig9 ( mo/ ( ^! games is lo/ 9 ! we$y und]gr[? ( v>iations1 b ! *ief family trait 9 "s ( !m c be trac$ back to ! alpha ( c>ds4 ,among ! olde/ ( games 0 ,ombre1 immortalis$ by ,pope1 ! only survivor ( :i* is a v>iation play$ by ! old] ,g]mans1 "u ! "n ( ,solo2 a game :i* /ill fa9tly resi/s ! ext]m9at+ influ5ce ( ,skat4 ,! anci5t & hon\rable games ( ,comte1 ,hoc1 & ,na9 ,jaune survive to ! pres5t day 9 a l>ge & prosp]\s family1 rang+ f ,commit to ,fan ,tan1 ! latt] be+ to-day q a fav\rite among ^? :o l simple & amus+ games1 free f m5tal ef=t4 ,fan ,tan is un=tunately nam$1 z _m p]sons confuse x ) ! ,*9ese bank+ game1 & x w\ld be mu* bett] "u its old] "n1 ,play or ,pay4 ,among ! _m games ( :i* ev]yone has he>d1 & :i* _m ?\s&s h be5 advis$ to play1 is "o :i*1 /range to say1 is n to be f\nd describ$ 9 any "w on c>d games1 & t is ,old ,maid4 ,!re 0 a "t :5 ! result ( ?is game 0 suppos$ to be f9al & conclusive1 & p>ties ( "y m5 h be5 kn[n to sub/itute a ,jack or ,k+ = ! disc>d$ ,que51 9 ord] to le>n :at ! future _h 9 /ore = !m4 ,"u su* circum/ances ! game became ,old ,ba*elor1 ( c\rse4 ,= ^? :o believe 9 ! v]dict ( ! c>ds1 !re are o!r s\rces ( in=mation4 ,=tune tell+1 :e!r = ! purpose ( amusem5t or self-deception1 has und\bt$ly int]e/$ _m p]sons 9 all /ations ( life ev] s9ce ,eittella fir/ expla9$ ! art1 away back 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,! mean+s atta*$ to ! c>ds individually1 & ! mann] ( _! arrangem5t1 is all t c be giv5 9 a "w ( ?is k9d4 ,! qualifications = success 9 =etell+ ! future d n dep5d s mu* on ! c>ds z on good judgm5t ( human nature1 unlimit$ assurance1 a glib tongue1 & a c]ta9 am\nt ( +5uity 9 mak+ a connect$ /ory out ( ! disjo9t$ s5t5ces =m$ by ! *ance arrangem5t ( c]ta9 c>ds1 to :i* an arbitr>y or fanciful mean+ is atta*$4 ,speculation is consid]$ by "s p]sons an excell5t tra9+ s*ool = ! comm]cial in/9cts ( ! y\ng] memb]s ( a family1 tea*+ !m to =m correct e/imates z to ! value ( c]ta9 articles (f]$ = sale 9 a fluctuat+ m>ket4 ,au?ors is a v good game = ! family circle1 & does n require special c>ds1 ! ord9>y pack be+ easily adapt$ to ! di/9ctions ( ! game4 ,pati5ce1 or ,solitaire1 has probably claim$ ! att5tion ( e c>d-play] at "s "t or o!r1 & "o _c fail to be impress$ by ! numb] & +5uity ( ! pati5ce games :i* h be5 inv5t$4 ,"o ( ! mo/ exp5sive works on c>ds ev] publi%$ is devot$ exclusively to ,solitaire4 ,among all ^! odd games "o %\ld be able to f9d some?+ to amuse all sorts & conditions ( c>d-play]s4 ,! only app>atus requir$ 9 any ( !m is a pack ( c>ds & a few c\nt]s1 & = ! latt] corn or c(fee-beans w =m an excell5t sub/itute4 ,,solo4 ,"u ! "n ( ,solo1 ! ,g]mans play a great _m v>iations ( c>d games1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is ! be/ kn[n4 ,c>ds4 ,solo is play$ ) a pack ( ?irty-two c>ds1 :i* rank ,a ,k ,q ,j #aj #i #h #g4 ,"o suit is always fir/ pref]5ce1 or col\r1 & ! suit usually select$ is clubs4 ,any suit may be made ! trump1 b :atev] ! suit1 ! club ,que51 ,spadilla1 is always ! be/ trump2 ! ,sev5 ( ! trump suit1 ,manilla1 is always ! second-be/ trump2 & ! spade ,que51 ,ba/a1 is always ! ?ird-be/ trump4 ,play]s4 ,solo is play$ by f\r p]sons1 :o ?r[ r\nd ! c>ds = ! fir/ club turn$ up to deal eight c>ds to ea* play]2 #c-b-c at a "t4 ,objects4 ,! object ( ! game is to secure ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit1 & ( play+1 ei!r alone or ) a p>tn]1 to make five tricks1 solo1 or eight tricks1 t\t4 ,if a p>tn] is requir$1 he is select$ by ! play] ask+ = a c]ta9 ace1 b ! hold] ( ! ace rema9s unkn[n until ! ace falls1 al?\gh f ! fir/ he mu/ assi/ ! play] :o has ask$ = x4 ,if a play] asks = an ace :ile hold+ x himself1 he ( c\rse plays )\t a p>tn]1 unkn[n to ! o!rs h[ev]1 until he plays ! ace ask$ =4 ,bidd+4 ,! play]s bid aga9/ "o ano!r = ! privilege ( nam+ ! trump suit1 elde/ h& hav+ ! fir/ say4 ,:5 no "o w bid any high]1 ! play] :o has made ! be/ (f] names ! game he wi%es to play1 ) or )\t a p>tn]4 ,games4 ,! rank ( ! v>i\s games1 ! am\nts bid on !m1 & ! paym5ts made = !m1 are z foll[s3-- ,simple 9 suit1 #b2 9 col\r1 #d4 ,=ce or ,solo 9 suit1 #d2 9 col\r1 #h4 ,t\t 9 ,suit1 #af2 9 col\r1 #cb4 ,simple ,game is to play = five tricks ) a p>tn] hold+ a designat$ ace4 ,if ! trump is clubs1 79 col\r17 x is wor? d\ble1 #d c\nt]s4 ,solo is five tricks )\t a p>tn]4 ,) clubs trumps x pays d\ble1 #h c\nt]s4 ,t\t is eight tricks1 ) or )\t a p>tn]4 ,if alone1 ! s+le play] w9s or loses all2 if ) a p>tn] he mu/ %>e 8 ga9s or losses4 ,=ce is :5 no bid is made1 & any play] holds bo? ,spadilla & ,ba/a4 ,he mu/ play a ,solo1 or call = an ace4 ,if he calls1 ! play] hold+ ! ace names ! trump suit2 b ! suit s nam$ mu/ n be ! suit ( ! call$ ace4 ,=ce 9 clubs is wor? d\ble1 #h c\nt]s4 ,play+4 ,! trump nam$1 ! elde/ h& leads any c>d he pleases1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c4 ,! highe/ c>d play$1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,! h&s are ab&on$ z soon z ! bidd] takes five tricks1 if he is play+ any?+ b a t\t4 ,if he goes on he mu/ w9 all eight tricks1 or lose ! value ( a t\t4 ,paym5ts4 ,a solo play] w9s f or loses to ea* ( 8 adv]s>ies individually ! am\nt ( ! game 9 c\nt]s4 ,two p>tn]s pay or receive ea* f "o adv]s>y4 ,,he>t ,,solo is a game = ?ree play]s1 9 :i* ! pack is r$uc$ to tw5ty-f\r c>ds by delet+ ! ,eight ( he>ts1 & all ! diamonds b ! ,sev54 ,diamonds are always col\r1 & !re are only ?ree trumps 9 t suit2 ,spadilla1 ,manilla1 & ,ba/a4 ,! only play is = ! ,solo1 & if no "o w make a bid1 ! h&s are play$ 9 col\r1 & ! w9n] ( ! la/ trick loses ! value ( a ,solo4 ,,au?ors4 ,?is game 0 orig9ally play$ ) c>ds be>+ ! names ( v>i\s au?ors1 & o!r fam\s p]sonages1 arrang$ 9 gr\ps1 b ! game is mu* simpl] :5 play$ ) an ord9>y pack ( fifty-two c>ds4 ,any numb] ( p]sons c play4 ,! c>ds are %uffl$ & spread1 & ! p]son draw+ ! l[e/ c>d deals ! fir/ h&4 ,! ace is l[4 ,ea* play] !n deposits a c\nt] 9 ! pool1 & ! c>ds are di/ribut$ "o at a "t until ! pack is exhau/$4 ,if "s play]s h a c>d m ?an o!rs x makes no diff]5ce4 ,! object ( ! game is to secure tricks consi/+ ( f\r c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation2 su* z f\r #f's or f\r ,k's1 & ! play] hav+ ! mo/ tricks ( ?is k9d w9s ! pool4 ,ties divide x4 ,! play] on ! left ( ! deal] beg9s by ask+ = a c]ta9 c>d1 :i* mu/ be ( ! same d5om9ation z "o already 9 8 h&4 ,= in/ance3 ,he holds ! spade ,t54 ,he may ask any "o at ! table = ei!r ( ! ?ree o!r ,t5s2 b he mu/ designate ! suit1 & mu/ ask a p>ticul> play] = ! c>d want$4 ,if ! play] ask$ has ! c>d1 he mu/ imm$iately surr5d] x1 & ! play] to :om x is giv5 c !n ask aga9--any play] = any c>d1 always provid$ t ! ask] has "o ( ! same d5om9ation 9 8 own h&4 ,if ! p]son ask$ has n ! c>d dem&$1 ! privilege ( ask+ is transf]r$ to him1 & he may ask any p]son at ! table = any c>d ( ! same d5om9ation z "o already 9 8 own h&4 ,if he has j be5 ask$ = a ,t51 = in/ance1 & has a ,t51 b n ( ! suit ask$ =1 he might turn ^u 8 que/ion] & get a ,t5 f him1 if he c\ld guess ! "r suit4 ,z soon z any play] gets toge!r f\r c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation1 he lays !m face d[n ^u ! table 9 front ( him1 & !y =m a trick4 ,a good memory is necess>y to play ?is game well1 z x is v important to recall :o has ask$ = c]ta9 c>ds1 & :i* play]s 7 unable to supply !m4 ,x is a legitimate artifice 9 ! game to ask = a c>d y already h 9 y\r own h&1 al?\gh y "k x w lose y\r guess1 because x may be ! only way to prev5t ano!r play] f draw+ sev]al valuable c>ds f y4 ,= in/ance3 ,y hold ! ,fives ( diamonds & spades1 & h ask$ = & receiv$ ! ,five ( clubs4 ,if y ask = ! he>t ,five1 & miss x1 ! play] ) t c>d may draw all y\rs2 b if y ask = ! spade ,five1 & he gets into ! ask1 he w at once betray ! fact t he holds ! f\r? ,five by ask+ y = ! club ,five2 b he w nev] ?9k ( ask+ y = ! spade ,five1 because y ask$ = x y\rself4 ,if y c get into ! ask aga9 y c imm$iately make a trick 9 ,fives4 ,,speculation4 ,any numb] ( p]sons less ?an t5 c play1 ea* contribut+ an agre$ numb] ( c\nt]s to ! pool1 ! deal] pay+ d\ble4 ,! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is us$1 & ! c>ds rank f ! ,a ,k ,q d[n to ! #b4 ,9 deal+1 ! c>ds are di/ribut$ f left to "r1 "o at a "t1 until ea* play] has receiv$ ?ree4 ,! next c>d on ! top ( ! pack is turn$ up1 & ! suit to :i* x belongs is ! trump1 & =ms ! basis ( speculation = t deal4 ,if ! turn-up c>d is an ace1 ! deal] takes ! pool imm$iately1 & ! deal passes to ! left4 ,if ! turn-up is a ,k ,q or ,j1 ! deal] (f]s x = sale1 be=e a c>d is look$ at1 & he may accept or refuse ! am\nt (f]$4 ,:e!r ! c>d is sold or n1 all ! c>ds t h be5 dealt out are turn$ face up1 & ! highe/ c>d ( ! turn-up suit w9s ! pool4 ,if ! c>d is n an hon\r1 ! deal] proce$s to sell x be=e any play] is all[$ to look at any ( ! c>ds dealt4 ,if any "o buys ! deal]'s turn-up c>d1 ! pur*as] places x on 8 own c>ds1 leav+ x face up4 ,:e!r x is sold or n1 ! eld] h& proce$s to turn up ! top c>d ( 8 ?ree4 ,if ?is is n a trump1 ! next play] on 8 left turns up 8 top c>d1 & s on until a trump is turn$ t is bett] ?an ! "o already expos$4 ,! play] :o possesses ! orig9al turn-up1 does n expose any m ( 8 c>ds until a bett] trump is %[n4 ,z soon z a bett] trump appe>s x is (f]$ = sale1 & aft] x is sold or refus$1 ! c>ds are turn$ up aga9 until a bett] trump appe>s1 or all ! c>ds h be5 expos$4 ,! hold] ( ! be/ trump at ! end takes ! pool4 ,,old ,,maid4 ,/range to say1 ?is (t-quot$ & cont9ually d]id$ game is n m5tion$ 9 any "w on c>ds1 a s+ul> omission :i* we ha/5 to supply4 ,any numb] ( "y ladies may play1 & a pack ( fifty-"o c>ds is us$1 ! ,que5 ( he>ts hav+ be5 delet$4 ,any play] c deal ! c>ds1 :i* are di/ribut$ "o at a "t until ! pack is exhau/$2 if e play] has n ! same numb] x does n matt]4 ,beg9n+ ) ! elde/ h&1 ea* play] sorts h] c>ds into pairs ( ! same d5om9ation2 su* z two ,fives1 two ,jacks1 etc41 & all pairs s =m$ are laid ^u ! table face d[n1 )\t %[+ !m to ! o!r play]s4 ,all ! c>ds laid out 9 ?is mann] are left 9 front ( ! play]1 9 ord] to discov] errors1 if any4 ,?ree ( a k9d _c be disc>d$1 b f\r ( a k9d may be consid]$ z two pairs4 ,! disc>d+ ( pairs complete1 ! deal] beg9s by spread+ h] rema9+ c>ds l a fan1 & pres5t+ !m1 face d[nw>d1 to h] left-h& neighb\r1 :o mu/ draw "o c>d at r&om4 ,! c>d s drawn is exam9$1 & if x completes a pair1 ! two c>ds are disc>d$4 ,:e!r x =ms a pair or n1 ! play]'s c>ds are spread & pres5t$ to ! next play] on ! left1 to be drawn f 9 ! same mann]4 ,?is process ( draw+1 =m+ pairs1 & disc>d+ is cont9u$ until x is f\nd t "o play] rema9s ) "o c>d4 ,?is c>d is ( c\rse ! odd ,que51 & ! un=tunate hold] ( x is ! ,old ,maid2 b only = t deal4 ,,lift ,,smoke4 ,! numb] ( play]s mu/ be limit$ to six1 ea* ( :om deposits a c\nt] 9 ! pool4 ,a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is us$4 ,! c>ds rank f ! ace d[n to ! deuce1 z at ,:i/4 ,if !re are f\r play]s1 six c>ds are dealt to ea*1 "o at a "t2 if five play1 five c>ds to ea*1 & if six play1 f\r c>ds to ea*4 ,! la/ c>d t falls to ! deal] is turn$ up = ! trump1 & ! rema9d] ( ! pack is plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! table z a /ock to draw f4 ,! elde/ h& leads = ! fir/ trick1 & ! o!rs mu/ foll[ suit if !y c4 ,! highe/ c>d play$1 if ( ! suit l$1 w9s ! trick1 & trumps w9 all o!r suits4 ,! w9n] ( ea* trick draws ! top c>d f ! talon1 & leads aga94 ,:5 any play]'s c>ds are exhau/$ he )draws f ! game1 & ! o!rs cont9ue4 ,! play] :o rema9s to ! end1 hav+ a c>d :5 8 adv]s>y has none1 w9s ! pool4 ,if two play]s rema9 ) a c>d ea*1 ! w9n] ( ! trick draws f ! /ock1 & ! c>d s drawn w9s ! game1 8 adv]s>y hav+ none4 ,,e>l ,,( ,,cov5try4 ,?is game is sometimes call$ ,snip ,snap ,snorem1 by ^? :o are n ( a poetical turn ( m9d4 ,any numb] ( p]sons may play1 & a full pack ( c>ds is dealt out1 "o at a "t4 ,if "s play]s h a c>d m ?an o!rs1 x does n matt]4 ,! elde/ h& lays ^u ! table any c>d he pleases1 & ea* play] 9 turn pairs or mat*es x1 if he c1 ) ano!r ( ! same d5om9ation1 accompany+ ! action ) a rhyme4 ,suppose ! fir/ c>d play$ is a ,k+2 ! p]son play+ x w\ld say3 8,!re's z good z ,k+ c be40 ,! fir/ play] to lay d[n ano!r ,k+ w\ld say3 8,!re is "o z good z he40 ,! play] hold+ ! ?ird ,k+ w\ld say3 8,!re's ! be/ ( all ! ?ree10 & ! hold] ( ! f\r? w\ld !n triumphantly exclaim3 8,& !re's ! ,e>l ( ,cov5try40 ,! =tunate hold] ( ! ,e>l ( ,cov5try 9 ea* r\nd has ! privilege ( lead+ a c>d = ! next trick1 & ! fir/ play] to get rid ( all 8 c>ds w9s "o c\nt] f ! o!rs = e c>d !y hold4 ,! words1 8,snip1 ,snap1 ,snorem10 may be sub/itut$ = ! =ego+ rhymes if "t is %ort4 ,jig is a v>iation ( ,e>l ( ,cov5try 9 :i* ! next high] 9 sequ5ce & suit mu/ be play$1 if ! play] has x1 until f\r c>ds are %[n4 ,! "o :o lays d[n ! la/ ( ! sequ5ce ( f\r c>ds />ts a fre% sequ5ce1 & ! w9n] is ! "o :o c fir/ get rid ( all ! c>ds orig9ally dealt him4 ,all ! o!rs !n pay him a c\nt] = ea* c>d !y h left4 ,,commit4 ,! etymology ( ?is ^w has be5 q ov]look$ by ^? :o h describ$ ! game4 ,! ^w is f ! ,fr5*1 comte1 a comet2 b in/ead ( be+ an equival5t 9 ,engli%1 x is simply a phonetic equival5t2 ,commit1 in/ead ( ,comet4 ,t5ac in=ms u t ! game 0 inv5t$ dur+ ! appe>ance ( ,halley's comet2 & ! idea ( ! game is t ( a /r+ ( c>ds =m+ a tail to ! "o fir/ play$1 a feature :i* is common to q a numb] ( ! old] games ( c>ds4 ,commit is play$ by any numb] ( p]sons1 ) a pack ( fifty-"o c>ds1 ! ,eight ( diamonds hav+ be5 delet$4 ,! play]s draw = positions at ! table & = ! fir/ deal1 & make up a pool4 ,! c>ds h no value except ! ord] ( _! sequ5ce 9 ! v>i\s suits4 ,! ace is n 9 sequ5ce ) ! ,k+1 b bel[ ! #b4 ,! deal] di/ributes ! c>ds1 "o at a "t to ea* play] 9 rotation1 z f> z !y w g1 leav+ any odd c>ds on ! table face d[nw>d1 to =m :at are kn[n z /ops4 ,z x is desirable to h a numb] ( ^! /ops1 x is usual to give only n9e c>ds to ea* :5 !re are five play]s4 ,! elde/ h& beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases :i* he lays face upw>d 9 ! c5tre ( ! table4 ,if he holds any o!r c>ds 9 sequ5ce above x1 he mu/ play !m1 & :5 he c no long] cont9ue ! s]ies1 he says al\d3 8,)\t ! ,jack10 or :atev] ! c>d may be t he fails on4 ,! play] on 8 left mu/ !n cont9ue ! sequ5ce 9 ! same suit1 if he c2 or he mu/ say3 8,)\t ! ,jack40 ,:5 ! sequ5ce rea*es ! ,k+1 x is /opp$1 & ! play] :o held ! ,k+ receives a c\nt] f ea* play] at ! table4 ,! same play] !n beg9s ano!r sequ5ce ) any c>d he pleases4 ,if a sequ5ce is op5$ ) an ace1 a c\nt] may be dem&$ f ea* play] at ! table4 ,if a sequ5ce is /opp$1 :i* x w be if ! c>d necess>y to cont9ue x is 9 ! /ock1 or if ! diamonds are run up to ! ,sev51 ! p]son :o plays ! la/ c>d be=e ! /op is entitl$ to beg9 ano!r sequ5ce4 ,%\ld any play] :o is unable to cont9ue a sequ5ce 9 8 prop] turn1 hold ! ,n9e ( diamonds1 he may play t c>d1 & ! play] foll[+ him is !n at lib]ty to cont9ue ! orig9al sequ5ce or to play ! ,t5 ( diamonds1 foll[+ up t sequ5ce4 ,:5 ! ,n9e ( diamonds is play$1 ! hold] receives two c\nt]s f ea* play] at ! table2 b if x is n got rid ( 9 play1 ! hold] ( x mu/ pay two c\nt]s to ea* ( ! o!r play]s4 ,! fir/ play] to get rid ( all 8 c>ds w9s ! pool1 & ! c>ds rema9+ 9 ! o!r h&s are !n expos$4 ,any play] hold+ a ,k+ mu/ pay a c\nt] = x to ea* ( ! o!r play]s4 ,,matrimony4 ,any numb] ( p]sons may play1 & a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is us$4 ,ea* play] %\ld be provid$ ) an equal numb] ( c\nt]s1 to :i* a trifl+ value may be atta*$4 ,a /rip ( pap] is plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! table1 m>k$ z foll[s3-- ---------------------------------------- ----------- ,matrimony4 ,intrigue4 ,conf$]acy4 ,pair4 ,be/4 ---------------------------------------- ----------- ,any ,k+ & ,que5 is ,matrimony2 any ,que5 & ,jack is ,intrigue2 any ,k+ & ,jack is ,conf$]acy2 any two c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation =m a ,pair1 & ! diamond ace is always ,be/4 ,! play]s draw1 & ! l[e/ c>d deals3 ace is l[4 ,! deal] !n takes any numb] ( c\nt]s he *ooses1 & di/ributes !m z he pleases on ! v>i\s divisions ( ! lay\t4 ,ea* play] !n takes a numb] ( c\nt]s "o less ?an ! deal]'s1 & di/ributes !m accord+ to 8 fancy4 ,! c>ds are !n cut1 & ! deal] gives "o to ea* play]1 face d[n2 & !n ano!r1 face up4 ,if any ( ! latt] %\ld be ! diamond ace1 ! play] to :om x is dealt takes ev]y?+ on ! lay\t1 & ! c>ds are ga!r$ & %uffl$ aga91 ! deal pass+ to ! left1 ! new deal] beg9n+ a fre% pool4 ,if ! diamond ace is n turn$ up1 ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! elde/ h&1 exposes 8 d[n c>d4 ,! fir/ play] to discov] ,matrimony 9 8 two c>ds1 takes all t has be5 /ak$ on t division ( ! lay\t4 ,! fir/ to discov] ,intrigue or ,conf$]acy1 takes all on t1 & ! fir/ play] to expose a ,pair takes t pool4 ,! ace ( diamonds is ( no value except z "o ( a pair1 if x is "o ( ! c>ds t 7 dealt to ! play]s face d[n4 ,! pool = x rema9s until ! c>d is dealt to "s play] face up4 ,any ( ! pools :i* are n won mu/ rema9 until ! foll[+ deal1 & may be add$ to4 ,,pope ,,joan4 ,?is game is a comb9ation ( ! lay\t 9 ,matrimony1 & ! mann] ( play+ 9 ,commit4 ,!re are a great _m ways ( divid+ ! lay\t1 b ! foll[+ is ! simple/4 ,five c>ds are tak5 f an old pack1 & are laid out 9 ! c5tre ( ! table1 or _! names are writt5 on a %eet ( pap]4 ,illu/ration3 ,! c>ds are ?r[n r\nd = ! deal1 & ! fir/ ,jack deals4 ,! c>ds are di/ribut$ "o at a "t1 ! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds be+ us$4 ,! foll[+ table w %[ ! numb] ( c>ds to be giv5 to ea* play]1 & t left 9 ! /ock to =m /ops4 #c ,play]s1 #ae c>ds ea* #g 9 ! /ock4 #d 0 #ab 0 #d 0 #e 0 #i 0 #g 0 #f 0 #h 0 #d 0 #g 0 #g 0 #c 0 #h 0 #f 0 #d 0 ,be=e ! deal1 ! deal] mu/ dress ! lay\t1 by putt+ "o c\nt] ^u ! ,t51 two ^u ! ,jack1 ?ree ^u ! ,que51 f\r ^u ! ,k+1 & five on ! ,pope1 :i* is ! ,sev5 7or ! ,n9e7 ( diamonds4 ,! elde/ h& beg9s by lead+ any c>d he pleases1 & if he has ^? 9 sequ5ce & suit ) x & above x1 he cont9ues to play until he fails4 ,he !n says 8,no six10 or :atev] ! c>d may be t he /ops on4 ,! next play] on 8 left !n cont9ues ! sequ5ce if he c1 or if he _c1 he says1 8,no six10 also1 & x passes to ! next play]4 ,if no "o c cont9ue1 ! c>d mu/ be 9 ! /ock1 :i* rema9s on ! table face d[n & unse54 ,:5 "o sequ5ce is /opp$ 9 ?is mann]1 ! la/ play] has ! "r to beg9 ano!r ) any c>d he pleases4 ,! object ( ! game is tw(old2 to get rid ( all ! c>ds be=e any o!r play] does s1 & to get rid ( ! c>ds :i* appe> on ! lay\t4 ,if ! duplicate ( any ( ^? c>ds c be play$1 ! hold] ( ! c>d at once takes all ! money /ak$ ^u x2 b if he fails to get rid ( x be=e "s play] w9s ! game by gett+ rid ( all 8 c>ds1 ! play] :o is f\nd ) "o ( ! lay\t c>ds 9 8 h& at ! end mu/ d\ble ! am\nt /ak$ on t c>d1 to :i* ! next deal] w add ! usual contribution4 ,! play] :o fir/ gets rid ( all 8 c>ds collects f ! o!r play]s a c\nt] = e c>d !y hold4 ,^! c>ds mu/ be expos$ face up on ! table1 s t all may see :o has to d\ble ! v>i\s pools4 ,if any ( ! lay\t c>ds are 9 ! /ock1 ! pool simply rema9s1 )\t d\bl+4 ,!re are a great _m v>iations ( ,pope ,joan4 ,sometimes a lay\t v simil> to t 9 ,matrimony is us$1 ,pope tak+ ! place ( ,pair1 & ,game t ( ,be/4 ,a trump is turn$ by ! deal]1 & ,matrimony is ,k+ & ,que5 ( trumps1 ,intrigue ,que5 & ,jack ( trumps1 ,conf$]acy1 ,k+ & ,jack ( trumps4 ,! play] hold+ ^! c>ds w ( c\rse be able to play bo? ( !m if he c play "o 9 a sequ5ce1 & w take ! pool = ! comb9ation4 ,if he holds "o c>d & ano!r play] holds ! o!r1 !y divide ! pool4 ,if "o ( ! c>ds is 9 ! /ock1 ! pool rema9s4 ,9 "s places x is ! cu/om to remove ! ,eight ( diamonds1 z at ,commit1 to =m an extra & kn[n /op4 ,! play] fir/ gett+ rid ( 8 c>ds takes ! pool on ,game1 & ! hold] ( ,pope takes t pool if he c get rid ( ! c>d 9 ! c\rse ( play1 if n1 he mu/ d\ble ! pool1 j z ) ! hon\rs 9 trumps4 ,,newm>ket1 ,,or ,,/ops4 ,?is game1 :i* is sometimes call$ ,boodle1 is ,pope ,joan )\t ! pope4 ,! f\r c>ds =m+ ! lay\t are ! ,a1 ,k1 ,q1 ,j2 b !re is no #g4 ,! deal] names any numb] ( c\nt]s t he is will+ to /ake1 :i* mu/ be at lea/ f\r1 & ea* play] at ! table mu/ /ake a simil> am\nt4 ,! c\nt]s are plac$ on ! lay\t to suit ! play]s1 ei!r all ^u "o c>d1 or di/ribut$ among ! f\r4 ,! c>ds are dealt z at ,pope ,joan1 & ! same numb] mu/ be left 9 ! talon4 ,in/ead ( ! play] be+ at lib]ty to beg9 a sequ5ce ) any c>d he pleases1 he mu/ beg9 ) ! l[e/ c>d 9 8 h& ( ! suit :i* he selects4 ,he is n re/rict$ z to suit1 b mu/ play all he has 9 sequ5ce1 & !n "n ! c>d t he fails on4 ,if a new sequ5ce is op5$ by any play]1 he mu/ play ! l[e/ c>d ( ! suit 9 8 h&4 ,if1 9 ! c\rse ( play1 any ( ! f\r c>ds on ! lay\t c be got rid (1 ! play] hold+ !m takes ! pool on t c>d4 ,if he is left ) ! c>d 9 8 h& at ! end he is n oblig$ to d\ble ! pool1 z at ,pope ,joan1 b simply loses 8 *ance to w9 x1 & x rema9s until ! next deal4 ,! fir/ play] to get rid ( all 8 c>ds receives "o c\nt] f ! o!r play]s = ea* c>d !y hold4 ,,sp9 is ,newm>ket1 ) "o v>iation4 ,! play] hold+ ! diamond ace is all[$ to play x 9 ord] to get ! privilege ( /opp+ "o suit & op5+ ano!r4 ,= in/ance3 ,! sequ5ce 9 spades has run to ! ,n9e1 & "o play] holds bo? spade ,t5 & diamond ace4 ,if ?is play] saw t ano!r 0 v likely to w9 ! game at any mom5t1 & he _h a pool c>d to play1 he might /op ! spade sequ5ce by play+ bo? ! ,t5 & ! diamond ace toge!r1 ann\nc+ ,sp94 ,he c !n play a pool c>d1 or beg9 a new sequ5ce ) ! l[e/ ( ! suit 9 8 h&4 ,he _c play ! diamond ace unless he c play to ! sequ5ce fir/4 ,,s>atoga4 ,?is v>ies f ,newm>ket only 9 ! me?od ( mak+ up ! pool4 ,in/ead ( leav+ ! play]s to di/ribute _! /akes at pleasure1 ea* is compell$ to place an agre$ am\nt on ea* ( ! pool c>ds1 z at ,pope ,joan4 ,,po*54 ,?is is a r\nd game = any numb] ( play]s f ?ree to six1 ) a ?irty-two-c>d pack4 ,! lay\t has a c5tre division = pools & sev5 o!r divisions r\nd x1 m>k$1 respectively1 ,a1 ,k1 ,q1 ,j1 #aj1 ,m>riage1 ,sequ5ce4 ,ea* play] dresses ! lay\t by plac+ a c\nt] 9 ea* ( ! eight divisions4 ,! deal] !n gives c>ds ?ree & !n two at a "t1 z f> z !y w g equally1 turn+ up ! next = ! trump4 ,! hold]s ( ! five highe/ trumps %[ !m & take ! correspond+ pools1 ,ace ( trumps ! ,a pool1 etc4 ,if any play] holds bo? ,k & ,q ( trumps1 he takes ! pool = m>riage4 ,! play] hold+ ! highe/ & longe/ sequ5ce 9 any suit takes ! pool = sequ5ce2 b ! sequ5ce mu/ be at lea/ ?ree c>ds4 ,pools n won rema9 until ! next deal4 ,aft] ! pools r\nd ! edge are all decid$1 ! play]s bet = ! c5tre pool1 or po*54 ,any play] ) a pair1 or ?ree ( a k9d1 wi%+ to bet on !m1 puts z _m c\nt]s z he pleases into ! c5tre pool1 & any play] will+ to bet aga9/ him mu/ put 9 a l am\nt4 ,!re is no rais+ ^! bets1 & ! play]s 9 ord] to ! left ( ! deal] h ! fir/ say z to bett+1 or pass+4 ,! high] pair w9s4 ,?rees beat pairs1 & f\r ( a k9d is ! be/ h& possible4 ,?is pool settl$1 ! play ( ! c>ds foll[s4 ,elde/ h& leads any c>d he pleases & ea* 9 turn to ! left mu/ foll[ 9 sequ5ce & suit1 play+ ! #aj on ! #i1 ! ,j on ! #aj1 etc41 until ! ,k is rea*$4 ,! play] :o has ! ,k+1 or ! highe/ c>d1 if ! ,k+ is 9 ! /ock1 />ts aga9 ) any c>d he pleases4 ,any play] :o _c cont9ue ! sequ5ce 9 8 turn mu/ pass t r\nd4 ,z soon z "o play] gets rid ( 8 la/ c>d ! game is at an end & e play] at ! table mu/ pay him a c\nt] = ea* c>d held4 ,! deal !n passes to ! left & ! lay\t is dress$ = ! next h&4 ,,rant] ,,g ,,r\nd4 ,?is is a r\nd game = any numb] ( play]s :o make up a pool or /ake to be play$ =4 ,a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is us$ & ea* play] has ?ree m>k]s4 ,! deal] gives "o c>d to ea*1 face d[n4 ,?is c>d is exam9$ & if x is n satisfactory x is pass$ to ! play] on ! left1 ! object be+ to avoid hold+ ! l[e/ c>d at ! table4 ,if ! play] on ! left holds any c>d b a k+1 he is oblig$ to ex*ange4 ,if ! "o :o is =c$ to ex*ange gives an ace or a deuce1 he ann\nces x2 b ! play] :o dem&s ! ex*ange is n all[$ to say :at he gives1 z ! c>d may be pass$ on4 ,ea* play] 9 turn to ! left may ex*ange1 or he may pass1 :i* means t he is satisfi$ ) 8 c>d4 ,:5 x comes r\nd to ! deal]1 he _c ex*ange2 b he may cut ! pack & take ! top c>d4 ,all ! c>ds are !n turn$ face up1 & ! l[e/ %[n loses a c\nt]4 ,! deal passes to ! left4 ,:5 all ! play]s b "o h lo/ all _! m>k]s1 ! survivor takes ! pool4 ,,five ,,or ,,n9e4 ,?is game1 :i* is sometimes call$ ,dom9o ,:i/1 is simply ,pope ,joan or ,matrimony )\t ! lay\t4 ,any numb] ( p]sons may play1 & ! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is us$1 ! c>ds be+ dealt 9 proportion to ! numb] ( play]s1 z at ,pope ,joan4 ,! elde/ h& mu/ beg9 by lay+ out ! ,five or ,n9e ( "s suit to />t ! fir/ sequ5ce4 ,if he has nei!r ( ^? c>ds he mu/ pass1 & ! fir/ play] on 8 left :o has a ,five or a ,n9e mu/ beg94 ,! next play] on ! left mu/ !n cont9ue ! sequ5ce 9 ! same suit if he c1 b he may play ei!r up or d[n1 lay+ ! c>d on ! "r or left ( ! />t]4 ,if a ,five is l$1 he may play a ,f\r or a ,six4 ,only "o c>d is play$ at a "t by ea* p]son 9 turn4 ,any p]son n be+ able to cont9ue ! sequ5ce may />t ano!r if he has ano!r ,five1 b he _c />t "o ) a ,n9e unless ! fir/ />t] 9 ! game 0 a ,n9e4 ,he is also at lib]ty to />t a new sequ5ce ) a ,five or ,n9e in/ead ( cont9u+ ! old1 b he mu/ play if he c1 "o or ! o!r4 ,if he is unable to play1 he mu/ pay "o c\nt] into ! pool1 :i* is won by ! fir/ play] :o gets rid ( all 8 c>ds4 ,! w9n] is also paid a c\nt] = e c>d held by ! o!r play]s4 ,,fan ,,tan4 ,?is is ! simple/ =m ( ,/ops1 & requires no lay\t4 ,any numb] ( play]s c take "p1 & a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is us$4 ,! play]s cut = deal & seats1 l[ hav+ ! *oice4 ,ace is l[4 ,! play]s are provid$ ) an equal numb] ( c\nt]s1 & be=e ! c>ds are dealt1 ea* places an agre$ numb] 9 ! pool4 ,all ! c>ds are dealt out4 ,if "s h m ?an o!rs x does n matt]4 ,! elde/ h& beg9s by play+ any c>d he pleases1 & ! next play] on 8 left mu/ ei!r play ! c>d next above x1 or put "o c\nt] 9 ! pool4 ,only "o c>d is play$ at a "t1 & aft] ! sequ5ce has arriv$ at ! ,k+ x mu/ be cont9u$ ) ! ace1 & g on until ! suit is exhau/$4 ,! p]son :o plays ! ?irte5? c>d ( any suit mu/ />t ano!r sequ5ce1 9 any suit & ) any c>d he pleases4 ,! play] :o fir/ gets rid ( all 8 c>ds takes ! pool4 ,! great trick 9 ?is game is to provide = ! la/ suit to be play$1 & 9 ord] to h ! selection ( ! second suit x is usual = ! elde/ h& to beg9 ) ! high] ( two c>ds next 9 value to ea* o!r1 :i* w make him ! la/ play] 9 t suit4 ,ea* suit is turn$ face d[n z x is exhau/$4 ,,solitaire4 ,all games ( ,solitaire are play$ ) ! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds4 ,! games may be r\ghly divid$ into two classes2 ^? 9 :i* ! result is entirely dep5d5t on *ance1 & _c be *ang$ by ! play] aft] ! c>ds h be5 %uffl$ & cut2 & ^? :i* pres5t opportunities = judgm5t & skill1 ! *oice ( sev]al ways to ! same end be+ (f]$ to ! play] at v>i\s /ages ( ! game4 ,! fir/ class is ( c\rse ! simple/1 b ! lea/ satisfactory1 z x is no?+ m ?an a game ( *ance4 ,( ! _m hundr$s ( pati5ce games1 x is possible to give only a few ( ! be/ kn[n4 ,,take ,,t54 ,%uffle & cut ! c>ds1 & deal out ?irte5 face upw>d 9 two r[s ( five ea*1 & "o r[ ( ?ree4 ,any two c>ds1 ! pip value ( :i* equals #aj1 may be )drawn f ! tableau1 & o!rs dealt f ! top ( ! pack 9 _! places4 ,only two c>ds may be us$ to =m a #aj4 ,! ,k ,q ,j #aj ( ea* suit mu/ be lift$ toge!r1 none ( ^! c>ds be+ t\*$ until all f\r ( ! same suit are on ! table toge!r4 ,:5 no c>ds c be lift$1 ! game is lo/4 ,! object 9 mo/ pati5ce games is to arrange ! c>ds 9 sequ5ces4 ,an asc5d+ sequ5ce is "o 9 :i* ! c>ds run f ,a #b #c up to ! ,k+2 & a desc5d+ sequ5ce is "o 9 :i* !y run d[n to ! ace4 ,sequ5ces may be =m$ ( "o suit or ( mix$ suits1 accord+ to ! rules ( ! game4 ,,! ,,c>pet4 ,%uffle & cut ! pack4 ,deal out tw5ty c>ds 9 f\r r[s ( five c>ds ea*1 face up4 ,?is is ! c>pet4 ,any aces f\nd 9 x are tak5 out & us$ to =m a fif? r[1 ei!r at ! bottom or ! side4 ,! holes made 9 ! c>pet by remov+ ! aces are !n fill$ up f ! pack4 ,c>ds are !n tak5 f ! c>pet to build ^u ! aces 9 asc5d+ sequ5ce1 foll[+ suit1 & ! holes 9 ! c>pet are cont9ually fill$ up ) fre% c>ds f ! top ( ! pack4 ,z o!r aces appe> !y are laid aside to />t ! sequ5ce 9 ! suit to :i* !y belong4 ,:5 y are /opp$1 deal ! c>ds rema9+ 9 ! pack 9 a pile on ! table by !mselves1 face upw>d4 ,if any c>d appe>s :i* c be us$ 9 ! asc5d+ sequ5ces1 take x1 & if ?is enables y to make m holes 9 ! c>pet1 d s4 ,b aft] hav+ be5 driv5 to deal ?is extra pile1 holes 9 ! c>pet c no long] be fill$ f ! pack2 !y mu/ be pat*$ up ) ! top c>ds on ! extra pile until x is exhau/$4 ,,f\r ,,( ,a ,,k9d4 ,%uffle & cut ! pack1 !n deal out ?irte5 c>ds face d[n 9 two r[s ( five ea* & "o r[ ( ?ree4 ,deal on ! top ( ^! until ! pack is exhau/$1 :i* w give y f\r c>ds 9 ea* pile1 face d[n4 ,imag9e t ^! piles repres5t respectively ! ,a #b #c #d #e 9 ! fir/ r[2 ! #f #g #h #i #aj 9 ! second1 & ! ,j ,q ,k 9 ! ?ird4 ,take ! top c>d f ! ace pile1 turn x face upw>d1 & place x1 /ill face upw>d1 "u ! pile to :i* x belongs4 ,if x is a ,jack1 = in/ance1 x w g face up "u ! fir/ pile 9 ! ?ird r[4 ,!n take ! top c>d f ! second pile1 & s on1 keep+ ! left h& z a m>k] on ! pile la/ drawn f4 ,:5 y come to a pile :i* is complete1 all ! c>ds be+ face up1 y c skip x1 & g on to ! next4 ,if at ! end y f9d t ! la/ c>d to be turn$ up lies on its prop] pile1 & ne$s turn+ ov] only1 y w92 b if y h to remove x to ano!r pile1 y lose4 ,,try ,,aga94 ,%uffle & cut ! pack1 & deal ! c>ds face upw>d into f\r heaps4 ,y are n oblig$ to deal to ea* pile 9 succession1 b may place ! c>ds on any ( ! f\r piles1 accord+ to y\r judgm5t or pleasure4 ,9 deal+ out 9 ?is mann] x is n good policy to cov] "o c>d ) a high]1 unless y are compell$ to d s4 ,e "t y come to an ace1 sep>ate x f ! o!rs1 plac+ x 9 a new r[1 z a f\ndation = an asc5d+ sequ5ce1 :i* may be cont9u$ reg>dless ( ! suit ( ! c>ds us$4 ,! top c>ds ( ! f\r piles are us$ to build up ! sequ5ce4 ,aft] an ace has appe>$1 ! play] may exam9e ! c>ds 9 any or all ( ! piles1 b _! ord] mu/ n be di/urb$4 ,! object 9 look+ at ! c>ds is to select ! pile :i* is lea/ likely to /op y1 or ! "o hav+ ! fewe/ c>ds 9 x4 ,,take ,,f\rte54 ,%uffle & cut ! pack1 & deal ! c>ds "o at a "t1 face upw>d1 into twelve piles1 & cont9ue deal+ on ! top ( ^! twelve until ! pack is exhau/$4 ,?is w give y f\r piles :i* conta9 "o c>d m ?an ! o!rs4 ,!n take (f any two ( ! top c>ds :i* w make #ad1 reckon+ ! ,jack z #aa1 ! ,que5 z #ab & ! ,k+ z #ac1 all ! o!rs at _! face value4 ,only two c>ds mu/ be us$ to make #ad4 ,if y succe$ 9 tak+ (f all ! c>ds 9 ?is mann]1 y w94 ,y are at lib]ty to look at ! und]nea? c>ds 9 ! v>i\s piles1 b y mu/ n di/urb _! positions4 ,,help ,,y\r ,,neighb\r4 ,take f ! pack ! f\r aces1 & lay !m face upw>d on ! table 9 a r[4 ,^! are to be built ^u 9 asc5d+ sequ5ces1 foll[+ suit4 ,%uffle & cut ! rema9+ =ty-eight c>ds1 & deal (f f\r />t]s 9 a r[1 bel[ ! aces4 ,^! c>ds are to be built d[n on1 9 desc5d+ sequ5ce1 reg>dless ( suit4 ,! rema9d] ( ! pack is !n tak5 9 ! left h&1 & ! c>ds turn$ up "o by "o f ! top4 ,any c>d :i* c be us$ to build up on ! ace r[1 or d[n on ! second r[1 is plac$ on its prop] pile at once4 ,if ! c>d is unavailable = ei!r purpose1 x mu/ be plac$ 9 a sep>ate & n9? pile1 kn[n z ! talon1 or deadwood4 ,! asc5d+ sequ5ces may be built up f any ( ! ?ree s\rces2 c>ds f ! top ( ! pack1 ^? on ! top ( ! v>i\s desc5d+ sequ5ces1 or ^? on ! top ( ! deadwood4 ,! top c>d 9 any desc5d+ sequ5ce may be mov$ f "o pile to ano!r1 or a c>d may be tak5 f an asc5d+ sequ5ce & plac$ on a desc5d+1 always provid$ t su* a c>d cont9ues ! sequ5ce 9 ! pile to :i* x is remov$4 ,if any ( ! piles occupi$ by ! desc5d+ sequ5ces are exhau/$1 new c>ds may be plac$ !re at any "t ! play] ?9ks fit4 ,su* new piles may be />t$ f ! pack1 f ! deadwood1 or f any o!r pile4 ,,klondike4 ,?is game is sometimes mi/ak5ly call$ 8,canfield01 b t is a di/9ct game1 describ$ else:]e1 9 :i* !re are sep>ate piles = /ock & f\ndations4 ,%uffle ! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 cut & turn up ! top c>d4 ,lay six m c>ds 9 a r[ to ! "r ( ! fir/ c>d1 b all face d[n4 ,^u ! second c>d ( ?is r[ place ano!r c>d face up1 & !n c>ds face d[n on ! rema9+ five ( ! top r[4 ,on ! ?ird pile f ! left1 place ano!r c>d face up1 & !n f\r m face d[n to ! "r4 ,cont9ue ?is until y h sev5 c>ds face up1 :i* w give y tw5ty-eight c>ds 9 y\r lay\t4 ,take out any aces %[+1 & place !m 9 a r[ by !mselves = 8f\ndations40 ,build up on ^! aces 9 sequ5ce & suit to k+s4 ,on ! lay\t1 build 9 desc5d+ sequ5ce1 r$ on black1 black on r$1 turn+ up ! top c>d :5 any pile is left )\t a fac$ c>d ^u x4 ,if !re is m ?an "o c>d face up on any pile1 !y mu/ be remov$ toge!r or n at all4 ,spaces may be fill$ only ) k+s4 ,! /ock is run (f ?ree c>ds at a "t1 & any c>d %[+ c be us$4 ,! pack c be run ?r\gh 9 ?is mann] until no c>ds %[+ c be us$1 b !re mu/ be no %uffl+ or re>rangem5t ( ! c>ds4 ,sometimes x is ! rule to run ?r\gh ! pack once only1 turn+ up "o c>d at a "t4 ,! object ( ! game is to see h[ _m c>ds c be built on ! ace r[4 ,a bett] av]age c usually be obta9$ :5 ! pack is run (f ?ree at a "t ) ! privilege ( runn+ ?r\gh aga9 & aga9 z long z any c>d c be us$4 ,,=tune ,,tell+4 ,:atev] ! arrangem5t employ$ = lay+ out ! tableau 9 =tune tell+1 ! result ( ! read+ w always be dep5d5t on ! p]son's ability to /r+ toge!r 9 a connect$ /ory ! mean+s :i* are atta*$ to ! v>i\s c>ds4 ,accord+ to ,eittella1 ! fa!r ( all =tune tell+1 only #cb c>ds %\ld be us$1 & x is ess5tial t !y %\ld be s+le heads1 because a c\rt c>d /&+ firmly on its feet is a v diff]5t ?+ f "o /&+ on its head4 ,if s+le-head c>ds are n at h&1 ! l[] "p ( ! d\ble-head c>ds mu/ be cancell$ 9 "s mann]4 ,! foll[+ are ! int]pretations ( ! v>i\s c>ds1 ! initial ,r mean+ t ! c>d is rev]s$1 or /&+ on its head4 ,,he>ts4 ,ace4 ,! h\se1 or home4 ,k+4 ,a b5efactor4 ,r4 ,he w n be able to d y mu* good1 al?\gh he means well4 ,que54 ,ev]y?+ t is lovely 9 woman4 ,r4 ,y w h to wait a:ile = ! realization ( y\r hopes4 ,jack4 ,a p]son :o may be useful to y4 ,r4 ,he w n prove ( mu* acc\nt4 ,t54 ,a pleasant surprise4 ,n9e4 ,reconciliation4 ,eight4 ,*ildr54 ,sev54 ,a good m>riage4 ,r4 ,fair to middl+4 ,,clubs4 ,ace4 ,pr(its f bus9ess or gambl+4 ,k+4 ,a j man1 :o has tak5 a fancy to y4 ,r4 ,some?+ w int]f]e ) 8 good int5tions4 ,que54 ,y\r be/ girl4 ,r4 ,%e is jeal\s4 ,jack4 ,a probable m>riage4 ,r4 ,x may h to be po/pon$4 ,t54 ,success 9 bus9ess4 ,if foll[$ by #i1 ! note w n be paid :5 x is due2 if foll[$ by ! #i y w lose ! entire acc\nt4 ,n9e4 ,success 9 love4 ,eight4 ,great anticipations4 ,sev54 ,trifl+ love affairs4 ,r4 ,!y w get y into tr\ble4 ,,diamonds4 ,ace4 ,a lett]1 or a writt5 notice4 ,k+4 ,a p]son to bew>e (4 ,r4 ,w annoy y 9 any case4 ,que54 ,a %rew or gossip4 ,r4 ,%e w make y tir$4 ,jack4 ,a be>] ( bad news4 ,r4 ,worse ?an y expect$4 ,t54 ,an unexpect$ j\rney4 ,n9e4 ,t expect$ money w n come to h&4 ,eight4 ,"s surpris+ actions on ! "p ( a "y man4 ,sev54 ,success 9 lott]ies1 gambl+ or speculation4 ,r4 ,! am\nt w be v small4 ,,spades4 ,ace4 ,love affairs4 ,k+4 ,police or %]iffs4 ,r4 ,loss ( a lawsuit4 ,que54 ,a gay & deceptive wid[4 ,r4 ,%e's fool+ !e4 ,jack4 ,disagreeable "y man4 ,r4 ,he w d y an injury or inju/ice ( "s k9d4 ,t54 ,prison4 ,n9e4 ,vexati\s delays 9 bus9ess matt]s4 ,eight4 ,bad news4 ,if foll[$ by ! #g1 qu>rels4 ,sev54 ,qu>rels :i* w be la/+ unless ! c>d is foll[$ by "s he>ts4 ,r4 ,family r[s4 ,,comb9ations4 #d aces1 dea?2 #c aces1 dissipation2 #b aces1 enmity4 #d ,k+s1 hon\rs2 #c ,k+s1 success 9 bus9ess2 #b ,k+s1 good advice4 #d ,que5s1 sc&al2 #c ,que5s1 dissipation2 #b ,que5s1 fri5d%ip4 #d ,jacks1 contagi\s diseases2 #c ,jacks1 idl5ess2 #b ,jacks1 qu>rels4 #d ,t5s1 disagreeable ev5ts2 #c ,t5s1 *ange ( resid5ce2 #b ,t5s1 loss4 #d ,n9es1 good actions2 #c ,n9es1 imprud5ce2 #b ,n9es1 money4 #d ,eights1 rev]ses 9 bus9ess or love2 #c ,eights1 m>riage2 #b ,eights1 tr\ble4 #d ,sev5s1 intrigues2 #c ,sev5s1 pleasure2 #b ,sev5s1 small affairs & gossip4 ,,! ,,consultation4 ,!re are sev]al ways ( tell+ =tunes1 b "o example w suffice4 ,! mo/ important ?+ is to "k :at y\r cli5t wants to be told1 & ! next is to be sure t %e cuts ! c>ds ) h] left h&4 ,! c>ds are %uffl$1 pres5t$ to be cut1 & !n c\nt$ (f into sev5s1 e sev5? c>d be+ laid face up on ! table1 ! six int]m$iates be+ plac$ on ! bottom ( ! pack ea* "t4 ,:5 twelve c>ds h be5 obta9$ 9 ?is mann]1 !y are laid out 9 a r[1 & exam9$ to see if ! c>d repres5t+ ! que/ion] is among !m4 ,if n1 !y mu/ be ga!r$1 %uffl$1 cut1 & dealt aga94 ,a m>ri$ man ) light hair w\ld be ! ,k1 ) d>k hair1 ! ,k4 ,if he claims to be s+le1 ! ,j4 ,if y\r cli5t is a woman1 ! ,q w d = blondes1 ! ,q = brunettes4 ,d n ask if %e is m>ri$1 & take no notice ( r+s4 ,hav+ obta9$ ! necess>y twelve c>ds1 ! m y "k ab\t ! consultant's hi/ory1 hopes1 & prospects1 & ! bett] y c judge h] "*1 ! less att5tion y ne$ pay to ! c>ds1 & ! m satisfactory ! result ( ! consultation w be4 ,x is n necess>y to /ick too closely to ! mean+s ( ! c>ds1 nor to _! comb9ations2 ! great ?+ is to tell y\r cli5t :at %e wants to he>4 ,9 ord] to confirm ! tru? ( ! pleas+ /ory y h built ^u ! twelve c>ds1 !y mu/ be ga!r$ toge!r1 %uffl$1 pres5t$ to be cut ) ! left h&1 & !n divid$ into f\r packets ( ?ree c>ds ea*4 ,! fir/ packet is = ! ,p]son1 ! second = ! ,h\se1 ! ?ird = ! ,future1 & ! f\r? = ! ,surprise4 ,ea* packet is successively turn$ up1 & its cont5ts int]pret$ 9 connection ) ! "p ( ! que/ion]'s life :i* x repres5ts4 ,9 case !re %\ld be no?+ v surpris+ 9 ! la/ pack1 x is well to h a few g5]alities on h&1 :i* w be true ( a p]son's future six times out ( t54 ,! exp]t at =tune tell+ has a /ock ( vague sugge/ions1 suppos$ to be giv5 by ! c>ds1 :i* are s fram$ z to draw f ! cli5t ! drift ( h] hopes & fe>s4 ,! sc5t once f\nd1 mo/ ( ! =tune tell+ is 9 ! nature ( confirm+ ! cli5t's own views ( ! situation4 ,nev]!less1 :5 well done1 by a good talk]1 =tune tell+ is v amus+1 especially 9 a small company4 ,,bank+ ,,games4 ,!re are two di/9ct classes ( bank+ games2 ^? t c be play$ )\t any app>atus b a pack ( c>ds & "s c\nt]s2 & ^? :i* require a p]man5t e/abli%m5t & exp5sive p>aph]nalia4 ,among ! fir/1 probably ! be/ kn[n bank+ games are3 ,v+t-et-un1 ,bacc>a1 ,bl9d ,hookey1 & ,fan ,tan1 ! latt] requir+ only "o c>d1 ! face ( :i* is nev] se54 ,9 ! second class1 :i* are (t5 call$ table games1 probably ! be/ kn[n are3 ,f>o1 ,k5o1 ,r\lette1 ,r\ge et ,noir1 & ,*uck ,luck4 ,ea* ( ^! games has a numb] ( (f%oots1 & ! di/9ctions betwe5 ! orig9al & ! v>iation are sometimes s m9ute z to be h>dly wor? m5tion+4 ,z a matt] ( ref]5ce1 & = ! conv5i5ce ( ^? :o he> ^! v>iations spok5 (1 _! names & *ief *>act]i/ics are "h giv54 ,bank+ games1 prop]ly s-call$1 are ^? 9 :i* "o play] is cont9ually oppos$ to all ! o!rs4 ,9 r\nd games1 ea* play] is = himself1 b no play] is select$ = ! common enemy4 ,9 p>tn]%ip games1 ! sides are equally divid$1 & any advantage 9 ! deal or lead passes alt]nately f "o to ! o!r4 ,9 o!r games1 ! s+le play] t may be oppos$ to two or ?ree o!rs usually takes ! responsibility ^u himself1 & = "o deal only1 s t any advantage he may h is tempor>y4 ,9 bank+ games1 on ! contr>y1 "o play] is select$ z oppos$ to all o!rs1 & ! opposition is cont9ual4 ,if !re is any advantage 9 be+ ! bank]1 x is suppos$ to be a p]man5t "o1 & if ! bank] has n be5 at any special exp5se 9 secur+ ! advantages ( 8 position he is oblig$ to surr5d] x f "t to "t & give o!r play]s a *ance4 ,?is is ! rule 9 ,v+t-et-un1 ,bacc>a1 & ,bl9d ,hookey4 ,if ! bank] is n *ang$ occasionally1 he reta9s 8 position on acc\nt ( ! exp5se he has be5 put to to provide ! app>atus = ! play1 z 9 ,f>o1 ,k5o1 ,r\lette1 & ,r\ge et ,noir4 ,to ju/ify ?is exp5diture he mu/ h "s p]man5t advantage1 & if no su* advantage or 8p]c5tage0 is inh]5t 9 ! pr9ciples ( ! game1 any p]son play+ aga9/ su* a bank] is probably be+ *eat$4 ,at ,monte ,c>lo1 ev]y?+ is p]fectly fair & /raight=w>d1 b no games are play$ except ^? 9 :i* ! p]c5tage 9 fav\r ( ! bank is evid5t1 & is op5ly ackn[l$g$4 ,9 ,f>o !re is no su* advantage1 & no hone/ f>o bank c live4 ,x is = t reason t ! game is n play$ at ,monte ,c>lo1 9 spite ( ! _m ?\s&s ( ,am]icans :o h begg$ ! managem5t to introduce x4 ,! s-call$ p]c5tage ( 8splits0 at ,f>o is a m]e %am1 & any c&id deal] w admit t !y d n pay = ! gas4 ,r\lette1 ,r\ge et ,noir1 ,k5o1 & ,*uck ,luck are all p]c5tage games1 al?\gh ! bank] 9 ! latt] is seldom satisfi$ ) 8 legitimate ga9s4 ,! peculi>ity ab\t all p]c5tage bank+ games is t no sy/em1 z a sy/em1 w beat !m4 ,! ma!matical expectation ( loss is s nicely adju/$ to ! probabilities ( ga9 t ! play] mu/ always get j a little ! wor/ ( x if he w only play long en\gh4 ,take any sy/em ( m>t+ales1 & suppose = ! sake ( illu/ration t 9 #ajjj c\ps y w w9 #ahj c\nt]s4 ,! ma!matical expectation ( ! game is su* t j ab\t once 9 a ?\s& c\ps y\r m>t+ale w c>ry y to a po9t 9 :i* y w lose #bjj c\nt]s1 leav+ y j #bj beh9d on e #ajjj if y keep on play+4 ,e sy/em has be5 c>efully inve/igat$1 & enorm\s lab\r has be5 exp5d$ on ! compilation ( tables record+ = a long s]ies ( "t e numb] roll$ at ,r\lette1 & e c\p rak$ 9 at ,r\ge et ,noir1 & ! result ( all sy/ems is f\nd to be ! same1 ! bank succe$s 9 build+ up its p]c5tage l a coral isl&1 :ile ! play]'s money disappe>s l wat] 9 ! s&4 ,,v+t-,,et-,,un4 ,any numb] ( p]sons may play ,v+t-et-un1 & a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is us$4 ,! c>ds h no rank1 b a c\nt+ value is atta*$ to ea*1 ! ace be+ reckon$ z #aa or #a1 at ! option ( ! hold]1 all c\rt c>ds z #aj ea*1 & ! o!rs at _! face value4 ,! c>ds are ?r[n r\nd = ! fir/ deal1 & ! fir/ ace takes x4 ,! deal] is also ! bank]4 ,ea* play] is provid$ ) a c]ta9 numb] ( c\nt]s1 usually #be or #ej1 & a bett+ limit is agre$ on be=e play beg9s4 ,! play]s on ! deal]'s "r & left are kn[n z ! pone & ! elde/ h& respectively4 ,! object ( ! game is to get z ne> #ba z possible 9 ! total pip value ( ! c>ds held4 ,/akes4 ,be=e ! c>ds are dealt1 ea* play] except ! deal] places be=e him ! am\nt he bets ^u 8 *ances = t deal4 ,?is am\nt may be ei!r at ! option ( ! play]1 )9 ! bett+ limit1 or x may be a fix$ sum1 su* z "o c\nt]4 ,9 "o v>iation ea* play] is all[$ to look at ! fir/ c>d dealt him be=e mak+ 8 bet1 & be=e receiv+ a second c>d4 ,:5 x comes to ! deal]'s turn1 he does n /ake any?+ ^u 8 c>d1 b he has ! privilege ( call+ ^u all ! o!rs to d\ble ! am\nt !y h plac$ on !irs4 ,any play] refus+ to d\ble mu/ pass ov] to ! deal] ! /ake already put up1 & /& out ( ! game = t h&4 ,ano!r v>iation is to all[ any play] ^: second c>d is ( ! same d5om9ation z ! fir/ to sep>ate !m1 & to place ^u ! second c>d a bet equal 9 am\nt to t ^u 8 fir/ c>d1 aft]w>d draw+ to ea* sep>ately1 z if !y 7 two diff]5t h&s4 ,deal+4 ,! bets made1 ! c>ds are %uffl$ & pres5t$ to ! pone to be cut2 f\r mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 ,two c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]1 includ+ ! deal]1 "o at a "t 9 two r\nds4 ,if ! deal] gives too _m c>ds to any play]1 ei!r 9 ! fir/ deal or 9 ! draw1 he mu/ correct ! error at once4 ,if ! play] has se5 ! sup]flu\s c>d he may keep any two he *ooses ( ^? dealt him4 ,if ! deal] gives himself too _m he mu/ keep !m all4 ,! la/ c>d 9 ! pack mu/ n be dealt4 ,if !re are n en\gh c>ds to supply ! play]s1 ! disc>ds mu/ be ga!r$ up1 %uffl$ toge!r1 & cut4 ,naturals4 ,! c>ds all dealt1 ! deal] fir/ exam9es 8 h&4 ,if he has exactly #ba1 an ,ace & a t5? c>d1 :i* is call$ a natural1 he %[s x at once1 & ! play]s mu/ pay him twice ! am\nt !y h /ak$ 9 front ( !m1 unless !y also h a natural1 :5 x is a /&-(f4 ,if ! deal] has n a natural1 ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! elde/ h&1 exam9es 8 two c>ds to see h[ ne>ly _! total value approa*es #ba4 ,if he has a natural1 he exposes x imm$iately1 & ! deal] mu/ pay him d\ble ! am\nt /ak$4 ,x is sometimes ! rule = ! hold] ( a natural1 ! deal] hav+ none1 to take ! /akes ( all ! o!r play]s2 b ?is v>iation is n 9 fav\r4 ,draw+4 ,no natural be+ %[n1 ea* play] 9 turn may draw ano!r c>d1 or /& on ! two dealt him1 :i* are n %[n "u any circum/ances4 ,if he is cont5t1 he says3 8,i /&40 ,if he wants a c>d he says3 8,"o10 & ! deal] gives x to him1 face up4 ,if ! pips on ! c>d drawn1 add$ to ^? already 9 8 h&1 make 8 total great] ?an #ba1 he is crve1 & passes ov] to ! deal] 8 /ake1 ?r[+ 8 c>ds 9 ! c5tre ( ! table1 /ill face d[n4 ,if ! total is n #ba1 he may draw ano!r c>d1 & s on until he is crve or /&s4 ,! fir/ play] dispos$ ( 9 ?is mann]1 ! deal] goes on to ! next "o1 & s on until he comes to himself4 ,he turns 8 two c>ds face upw>d1 & draws or /&s to suit himself4 ,if he ov]draws1 all ! o!r play]s expose _! fir/ two c>ds to %[ t !y h #ba or less1 & he !n pays ea* ( !m ! am\nt !y h /ak$4 ,if he /&s1 ei!r be=e or aft] draw+1 ! o!rs expose _! c>ds 9 ! same way1 & ^? t h ! same numb] are ti$1 & w9 or lose no?+4 ,^? :o h less ?an ! deal] lose _! /ake2 ^? t h m ?an ! deal]1 b /ill n m ?an #ba1 he mu/ pay4 ,:5 ! result is a tie1 x is call$ pay+ 9 c>ds4 ,! ,bank]4 ,! bank] = ! next deal may be decid$ ^u 9 v>i\s ways4 ,! old rule 0 = "o play] to cont9ue to act z bank] & to deal ! c>ds until "o ( 8 adv]s>ies held a natural1 ! deal] hav+ none to (fset x4 ,:5 ?is occurr$1 ! play] :o held ! natural took ! bank & ! deal until "s "o else held a natural4 ,ano!r way 0 to agree ^u a c]ta9 numb] ( r\nds = a bank]1 aft] :i* ! privilege 0 drawn = aga94 ,ano!r 0 = "o play] to rema9 ! bank] until he _h lo/ or won a c]ta9 am\nt1 :5 ! privilege 0 drawn = aga94 ,! mod]n practice is = ea* play] to be ! bank] 9 turn1 ! deal pass+ 9 regul> rotation to ! left4 ,:5 ?is is done !re mu/ be a p5alty = deal+ twice 9 succession1 & x is usually fix$ at hav+ to pay ties1 if ! error is n discov]$ until "o play] has drawn c>ds4 ,if be=e t1 x is a misdeal4 ,pools4 ,v+t-et-un is sometimes play$ ) a pool4 ,ea* play] contributes "o c\nt] at ! />t1 & ! pool is aft]w>d f$ by p5alties4 ,e play] :o is crve puts 9 a c\nt]2 all ties ) ! deal] pay "o1 & ! deal] pays "o = any irregul>ity 9 deal+4 ,! pool may be kept to pay = refre%m5ts1 l ! kitty 9 ,pok]1 or x may be won by ! fir/ natural %[n1 z may be agre$4 ,probabilities4 ,! only po9t 9 ! game is = a play] to "k :at h&s to /& on1 & :at to draw to4 ,! deal] is guid$ by ! c>ds dealt to o!r play]s1 & by :at !y ask =4 ,! o!r play]s %\ld /& on #ag1 b draw on #af4 ,9 practice x has be5 f\nd t ! odds are ab\t #b to #a 9 fav\r ( draw+ at #af2 #c to #a = draw+ at #ae4 ,! rules = draw+1 etc41 are m fully describ$ 9 connection ) ! v simil> game ( ,bacc>a4 ,,macao4 ,9 ?is v>iety ( ,v+t-et-un only "o c>d is dealt to ea* play]2 c\rt c>ds & t5s c\nt no?+1 & ! ,ace is always wor? "o4 ,! numb] to be rea*$ is #i1 in/ead ( #ba1 & if a play] has a #i natural1 he receives f ! bank] ?ree times 8 /ake2 if an #h natural1 he receives d\ble1 & = a #g natural1 he is paid4 ,if ! bank] has an equal numb] ( po9ts natural1 x is a tie2 & if ! bank] has a #g1 #h1 or #i natural he receives f ea* ( ! o!rs once1 twice1 or ?ree times ! am\nt ( _! /akes4 ,if none ( ^! naturals are %[n1 ! play]s draw 9 turn1 z at ,v+t-et-un1 & ! deal] receives f ^? :o h less po9ts ?an he1 or :o are crve1 & pays ^? :o h m1 b h n pass$ #i4 ,,f>m]4 ,any numb] ( p]sons may play4 ,all ! #h's & all ! #f's b ! #f are disc>d$ f a pack ( fifty-two c>ds4 ,all c\rt c>ds c\nt = #aj1 ! ace = #a1 & all o!rs at _! face value4 ,a pool is !n made up by ea* play] contribut+ "o c\nt]4 ,?is is ! f>m1 & x is sold to ! highe/ bidd]1 :o mu/ put into x ! price he pays = x4 ,he !n becomes ! f>m]1 & deals "o c>d to ea* play]1 b takes none himself4 ,! object ( ! play]s is to get z ne> #af z possible1 & ea* 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left mu/ take at lea/ "o c>d4 ,aft] look+ at x he may ask = ano!r1 & s on until he is crve or /&s4 ,%\ld a play] ov]draw himself1 he says no?+ ab\t x until all are help$1 :5 ! h&s are expos$4 ,any play] hav+ exactly #af takes ! f>m & all its cont5ts4 ,if !re is m ?an "o #af1 t :i* is made ) ! assi/ance ( ! #f w9s1 o!rwise ! "o :i* is made ) ! fewe/ c>ds4 ,if ?is is a tie ! elde/ h& w9s4 ,if no "o has exactly #af1 ! f>m /ays ) its orig9al own] deal aft] deal1 until exactly #af is held by "s play]4 ,:e!r any "o w9s ! f>m or n1 :5 ! h&s are expos$ all ^? :o h ov]drawn mu/ pay to ! "o :o own$ ! f>m at ! beg9n+ ( t deal1 z _m c\nt]s z !y h po9ts m ?an #af4 ,^! paym5ts d n g into ! f>m1 b are cle> pr(its4 ,^? :o h less ?an #af pay no?+ to ! f>m]2 b ! "o :o is ne>e/ #af receives a c\nt] f ea* ( ! o!rs4 ,ties are decid$ by ! possession ( ! #f1 or ! fewe/ c>ds1 or ! elde/ h&1 z already describ$4 ,if ! f>m rema9s 9 ! same h&s1 ! f>m] deals aga91 & collects 8 pr(its until he loses 8 f>m4 ,:5 ! f>m is won1 x is empti$1 & resold z 9 ! beg9n+4 ,,qu9ze4 ,?is is a =m ( ,v+t-et-un = two play]s1 b ! numb] to be rea*$ is #ae in/ead ( #ba4 ,c\rt c>ds are reckon$ z #aj1 & ! ace z #a only4 ,ea* play] /akes an agre$ am\nt e "t1 & ! deal] !n gives "o c>d to 8 adv]s>y & "o to himself4 ,! pone may /& on ! fir/ c>d1 or draw2 b he does n say any?+ if he ov]draws4 ,! deal] !n draws or /&s1 & bo? %[ _! c>ds4 ,! "o ne>e/ to #ae w9s2 b if ! result is a tie1 or if bo? h ov]drawn1 ! /akes are d\bl$1 & ano!r h& is dealt1 ! deal pass+ f play] to play] 9 rotation4 ,,bacc>a4 ,?is v popul> v>iation ( ,v+t-et-un orig9at$ 9 ! s\? ( ,france1 & came into vogue dur+ ! latt] "p ( ! reign ( ,l\is ,philippe4 ,x is nei!r a recreation nor an intellectual ex]cise1 b simply a means = ! rapid ex*ange ( money1 well suit$ to p]sons ( impati5t temp]am5t4 ,! ^w 8,bacc>a0 is suppos$ to mean 8no?+10 or 8z]o10 & is appli$ to ! h&s 9 :i* ! total pip value ( ! c>ds ends ) a cyph]4 ,!re are two =ms ( ! game 9 common use2 ,bacc>a a deux tableaux1 & ,bacc>a *em9 de f]4 ,! fir/ w be fir/ describ$4 ,play]s4 ,bacc>a may be play$ by any numb] ( p]sons f ?ree to elev54 ,^? fir/ 9 ! room h ! pref]5ce1 & %\ld imm$iately inscribe _! names4 ,! fir/ elev5 =m ! table1 & ! privilege ( be+ ! bank] is sold to ! highe/ bidd]2 t is1 to ! "o t w put up ! mo/ money to be play$ =4 ,! rema9+ t5 p]sons draw = *oice ( seats at ! table1 ! fir/ *oice be+ = ! seat imm$iately on ! "r ( ! bank]1 !n = ! fir/ seat on 8 left4 ,five play]s are arrang$ on ea* side ( ! bank] 9 ?is mann]1 "r & left alt]nately1 accord+ to ! ord] ( _! *oice4 ,sometimes an assi/ant or cr\pi] is seat$ opposite ! bank]1 to wat* ! bets1 ga!r & %uffle ! c>ds1 etc4 ,a wa/e basket is plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! table = ! reception ( c>ds t h be5 us$ 9 play4 ,if no "o bids = ! bank1 x mu/ be (f]$ to ! fir/ on ! li/ ( play]s2 if he decl9es1 ! next1 & s on4 ,! am\nt bid = ! bank is plac$ on ! table1 & none ( x c be )drawn1 all w9n+s be+ add$ to x4 ,if no bid is made1 ! bank] may place on ! table any am\nt he ?9ks prop]1 & t am\nt1 or :at rema9s ( x aft] ea* c\p1 is ! bett+ limit4 ,:5 ! bank] loses all he has1 ! bank is sold to ! next highe/ bidd]1 or (f]$ to ! next play] on ! li/4 ,if ! bank] wi%es at any "t to retire1 ! p]son tak+ 8 place %\ld beg9 ) an am\nt equal to t !n 9 ! bank4 ,c\nt]s4 ,ea* ( ! play]s %\ld be provid$ ) a c]ta9 numb] ( c\nt]s1 all ( :i* mu/ be sold & r$eem$ by ! bank] or 8 assi/ant4 ,c>ds4 ,?ree packs ( fifty-two c>ds ea* are %uffl$ toge!r & us$ z "o4 ,! play]s %uffle z mu* z !y please1 ! bank] la/1 & ! bank] !n pres5ts !m to any play] he pleases to h !m cut4 ,! bank] may burn "o or two c>ds if he pleases2 t is1 turn !m face upw>d on ! bottom ( ! pack4 ,object ( ! ,game4 ,! c\rt c>ds & ,t5s c\nt no?+1 b all o!rs1 includ+ ! ,ace1 are reckon$ at _! face value4 ,! object is to secure c>ds ^: total pip value w mo/ closely approa* ! numb] #h or #i4 ,an #h made ) two c>ds is bett] ?an a #i made ) ?ree4 ,/akes4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! fir/ "o on ! "r ( ! bank]1 & aft] him ! fir/ "o on ! left1 & s on1 "r & left alt]nately1 c bet any am\nt he pleases until ! total am\nt bet equals ! capital !n 9 ! bank4 ,:5 ?is am\nt is rea*$ x is useless to place fur!r bets1 z !y may n be paid4 ,= ?is reason ,bacc>a is a v sl[ game :5 !re is n mu* money 9 ! bank4 ,aft] all ! play]s h made :at bets !y wi%1 outsid]s may place bets on ! result if !y *oose to d s4 ,ei!r ! play]s or ! gall]y may bet on ei!r side ( ! table1 :i* is divid$ d[n ! middle by a l9e divid+ x into two p>ts1 "r & left2 h5ce ! "n1 ,bacc>a a deux tableaux4 ,a p]son wi%+ to bet on bo? sides at once places 8 money *eval2 t is1 across ! l9e4 ,if "o side w9s & ! o!r loses1 a bet plac$ 9 ?is mann] is a /&-(f2 if bo? sides lose1 ! bet is lo/1 & if bo? w9 ! bet is won4 ,a common =m ( di%one/y at ,bacc>a1 & "o = :i* a di/+ui%$ ,engli%man 0 rec5tly tri$1 is to place a /ake v close to ! l9e1 & if x is se5 t ! side on :i* x is plac$ has probably lo/1 to pu% ! /ake onto ! l9e1 s t x may be sav$ if ! o!r side w9s4 ,! ,engli%man 9 "q work$ ?is little game on ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales = "s "t be=e he 0 detect$4 ,:5 ! bank] loses1 he pays ! play]s 9 _! ord]1 "r & left alt]nately1 beg9n+ ) ^? :o hold c>ds1 until 8 capital is exhau/$4 ,any fur!r bets are disreg>d$4 ,if any play] bets on ! opposite side ( ! table to t on :i* he is seat$1 8 bet is n paid until all five ( ! play]s on t side h be5 settl$ )1 because su* a bet is reg>d$ z t ( an outsid]1 n belong+ to t side ( ! table4 ,if ! play] actually hold+ c>ds is n ! "o ne>e/ ! bank]1 he is /ill ! fir/ "o to be paid1 & !n ^? beyond him 9 ord]4 ,= in/ance3 ,! ?ird play] holds c>ds2 aft] him ! f\r? & fif? are paid1 & !n ! fir/ & second1 ea* alt]nately ) a play] on ! o!r side ( ! table4 ,banco4 ,ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ ) ! "o to :om c>ds w be dealt fir/1 has ! "r to g banco2 t is1 to *all5ge ! bank] to play = 8 entire capital at a s+le c\p4 ,su* a proposition takes prec$5ce ( all o!rs4 ,if ! bank loses su* a c\p1 x mu/ be put up to ! highe/ bidd] aga91 or (f]$ to ! next play] on ! li/4 ,if x w9s1 ! same play]1 or any o!r play]1 may make a simil> (f] = ! next c\p1 :i* w n[ be = d\ble ! fir/ am\nt1 ( c\rse2 b no play] is all[$ to (f] banco m ?an twice 9 succession4 ,deal+4 ,! c>ds cut1 ! bank] takes a conv5i5t numb] ( !m 9 8 h&1 or bett]1 spreads !m face d[nw>d on ! table1 & slips (f ! top c>d1 giv+ x to ! play] next him on ! "r1 face d[n4 ,! next c>d he gives to ! play] on 8 left1 & ! next to himself4 ,he gives ano!r c>d to ! "r1 to ! left1 & to himself1 & !n ! play]s take !m up & exam9e !m4 ,t5 c>ds mu/ rema9 9 ! /ock = ! la/ deal4 ,irregul>ities4 ,aft] ! fir/ c>d is dealt no bets c be made or *ang$4 ,! c>ds mu/ be s held t !y %all be at all times 9 full view ( ! play]s4 ,any c>d f\nd fac$ 9 ! pack is ?r[n 9 ! wa/e basket4 ,any c>d once sep>at$ f ! pack mu/ be tak54 ,if nei!r ( ! play]s want x1 ! deal] mu/ take x himself4 ,if ! c>ds are dealt irregul>ly ! error may be rectifi$ if !y h n be5 look$ at2 b any play] may am5d or )draw 8 bet be=e ! c>ds are se54 ,if ! error is n detect$ 9 "t1 ! play] :o holds c>ds may play ! c\p or n z he pleases1 & all bets on 8 side ( ! table are b\nd by 8 decision4 ,if a play] holds "o c>d too _m1 he may refuse ! c\p1 or reta9 :i*ev] two ( ! ?ree c>ds he pleases1 ?r[+ ! ?ird into ! wa/e basket1 n %[+ x4 ,if ! bank] has too _m c>ds1 ! play]s may am5d _! bets1 & ! bank]'s c>ds are !n expos$1 & ! "o tak5 f him :i* w leave him ) ! smalle/ po9t1 ! drawn c>d be+ ?r[n 9 ! wa/e basket4 ,if ! bank] gives himself two c>ds :ile ei!r play] has be5 giv5 "o only1 ! play] mu/ be giv5 ano!r c>d1 & ! bank] mu/ also take ano!r4 ,if ! play]s h n am5d$ _! /ake be=e ! error 0 correct$1 ! fir/ two c>ds dealt to ! bank] are ?r[n 9 ! wa/e basket1 & ! ?ird is 8 po9t = t deal4 ,if ! bank] gives ! second c>d to ei!r play] be=e deal+ ! fir/ to himself1 he mu/ give ! second to ! o!r play] also1 & !n take 8 own4 ,?is s+le c>d mu/ !n be ?r[n 9 ! wa/e basket1 b ! bank] may play out ! h& z if he _h two c>ds :i* c\nt$ #aj or #bj2 t is1 bacc>a4 ,%[+4 ,if any ( ! ?ree p]sons hold+ c>ds f9ds he has a po9t ( #h or #i1 x mu/ be %[n at once1 & ! two o!r h&s are !n expos$4 ,if ! bank] has #h or #i1 & nei!r ( ! o!rs has s _m1 ! bank w9s ev]y?+ on ! table4 ,if ei!r play] has m ?an ! bank]1 all ! bets on t side ( ! table mu/ be paid4 ,if ei!r play] has z _m z ! bank]1 all ! bets on t side ( ! table are a /&-(f4 ,if ei!r play] has less ?an ! bank]1 all ! bets on t side ( ! table are lo/4 ,if a play] wrongly ann\nces #h or #i1 he _c draw c>ds unless 8 po9t 0 #aj or #bj4 ,draw+4 ,if none ( ! ?ree c %[ #h or #i1 ! bank] mu/ (f] a c>d to ! play] on 8 "r4 ,! c>d mu/ be slipp$ (f ! pack & (f]$ face d[n4 ,if ! play] on ! "r refuses1 x is (f]$ to ! play] on ! left1 & if he also refuses1 ! bank] mu/ take x himself4 ,if ! play] on ! "r takes x1 ! play] on ! left may ask = a c>d also2 b :e!r he does s or n1 ! bank] is n oblig$ to draw unless he *ooses1 aft] ! fir/ c>d (f]$ has be5 tak5 by ei!r play]4 ,:5 ! c>d is tak5 x is turn$ face up1 & left on ! table 9 front ( ! p]son to :om x belongs4 ,only "o c>d may be drawn by any play]1 & all ! h&s are !n expos$4 ,ties are a /&-(f4 ,! bank] pays all bets on ! side t is ne>] #i ?an himself1 & w9s all on ! side :i* is n s ne> #i z himself4 ,! play]s on ! opposite sides ( ! table h no?+ to d ) ea* o!r2 ea* w9s or loses ) ! bank] alone4 ,x %\ld be obs]v$ t if a play] _h #d orig9ally1 & draws a #i1 8 po9t is n #ac1 b #c1 because all #aj's c\nt = no?+4 ,!re is no su* ?+ z be+ crve1 z at ,v+t-et-un4 ,irregul>ities4 ,if ! bank] gives two c>ds1 face up1 to ! play] on 8 "r1 ! play] may reta9 :i* he pleases1 ?r[+ ! o!r into ! wa/e basket4 ,if two c>ds are giv5 to ! play] on ! left1 he may select :i* he pleases1 & ! bank] mu/ take ! o!r4 ,ord] ( ,play+4 ,! c\p f9i%$1 & all bets paid1 ! c>ds :i* h be5 us$ are all ?r[n into ! wa/e basket1 & ! /akes are plac$ = ! next c\p4 ,! bank] deals aga91 f ! top ( ! /ock1 )\t any fur!r %uffl+ or cutt+ ( ! c>ds4 ,if ! play] on ! "r won ! fir/ c\p1 ! bank] deals to him aga92 b if he lo/1 ! bank] deals to ! next play] beyond him2 t is1 ! second f ! bank]1 on 8 "r4 ,! same ) ! play] on ! left4 ,if ! play] on ! "r or left w9s ! second c\p1 ! c>ds are dealt to him aga9 = ! ?ird c\p2 if he loses !y are dealt to ! next play] beyond him1 & s on1 until all five play]s h held c>ds & h lo/ a c\p1 aft] :i* ! bank] deals to ! "o ne>e/ him aga94 ,x w ?us be se5 t !re are 9 ea* c\p only two active play]s1 & t all /akes made ^u ! game are made ^u ! result ( _! h&s4 ,sugge/ions = ,play+4 ,9 ju/ice to ^? back+ him1 ! play] is suppos$ to draw or n to draw1 accord+ to ! laws ( probabilities1 :i* are exactly ! same z 9 ,v+t-et-un4 ,if he has f\r po9ts1 :i* w\ld be #e bel[ #i1 he %\ld draw2 j z he w\ld if he _h #af at ,v+t-et-un1 :i* w\ld be #e bel[ #ba4 ,if he has #e or m1 he %\ld /&2 b if he has #e exactly x is a matt] ( judgm5t1 draw+ a c>d be+ sometimes good play1 especially if x is likely to lead ! bank] to ov]draw himself4 ,9 "s clubs !re is a law t a play] mu/ draw if 8 po9t is less ?an #e1 & mu/ /& if x is m ?an #e1 or he mu/ pay a f9e4 ,z no "o is back+ ! bank]1 he is at lib]ty to play z badly z he pleases1 & he is really ! only "o t has an opportunity to ex]cise any judgm5t 9 ! matt] ( draw+4 ,if a play] refuses a c>d1 ! bank] may be able to judge :e!r or n he has #f or #g by 8 habit ( draw+ or n draw+ at #e4 ,if he is kn[n to be a play] :o draws at #e1 x is useless = ! bank] to /& at #e1 unless he ?9ks he c beat ! play] on ! o!r side ( ! table1 & !re is m money on t side4 ,if ! play] dem&+ a c>d has be5 giv5 a #aj1 ! bank] %\ld /&1 ev5 at #c or #d4 ,if he has be5 giv5 an ace1 ! bank] %\ld /& at #d2 if a #b or #c1 ! bank] %\ld /& at #e2 if ! play] is giv5 a #d1 ! bank] %\ld draw1 ev5 if he has #e4 ,if a play] has drawn a #e1 #f or #g1 ! bank] %\ld draw1 ev5 if he has #e or #f4 ,if ! play] draws an #h or #i1 ! bank] %\ld /& at #d or #e1 sometimes ev5 ) #c4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! bank] %\ld h a %>p eye to ! relative am\nts /ak$ on ea* side ( ! table1 :i* w (t5 decide :i* play] he %\ld try to beat4 ,= example3 ,! bank] has #e1 & ! play] on 8 "r has drawn a #aj1 ! "o on 8 left a #g4 ,! bank] has an excell5t *ance to w9 all ! bets on ! "r1 & %\ld h a c]ta9ty ( /&+ (f ) !m1 & unless ^? on ! left v mu* exce$$ !m1 ! bank] w\ld be v fooli% to risk los+ ev]y?+ by draw+ to #e1 simply to beat ! play] on 8 left4 ,,bacc>a ,,*em9 ,,de ,,f]4 ,9 ?is v>iation1 ea* play] 9 turn on ! left becomes ! bank]1 tak+ ! deal z soon z ! fir/ bank] loses a c\p4 ,! bank] gives c>ds only to ! play] on 8 "r1 & to himself4 ,if ?is play] w n g banco1 ea* ( ! o!rs 9 ord] beyond him may d s4 ,if no "o goes banco1 ea* play] 9 turn to ! "r makes :at bets he pleases1 )9 ! limit ( ! bank's capital4 ,if ! bank] w9s ! c\p1 he deals aga91 & s on until he loses1 :5 ! deal passes to ! play] on 8 left4 ,! bank]1 aft] w9n+ a c\p1 may pass ! deal to ! play] on 8 "r1 if he *ooses to d s1 provid$ t play] w put up an am\nt equal to t !n 9 ! bank4 ,:5 ?is play] loses a c\p1 ! bank mu/ g to ! play] to :om x w\ld h gone 9 regul> ord]2 t is1 ! "o on ! left ( ! play] :o transf]r$ 8 privilege4 ,six packs ( c>ds are g5]ally us$ 9 ,*em9 de ,f]1 & ! c>ds are plac$ 9 a wood5 box1 f :i* ea* deal] takes z _m z he wants4 ,,*eat+4 ,bacc>a is honeycomb$ ) trick]y4 ,di%one/ play]s1 9 collusion ) ! bank]1 h c]ta9 means ( in=m+ him ( _! po9t1 s t he may w9 all ! money /ak$ ^u t side ( ! table by ! o!r play]s4 ,?is may be done 9 _m ways4 ,! play] may ask ! "o sitt+ next him :e!r or n he %\ld draw1 :i* %[s t he has #e4 ,or he may make a movem5t z if to expose 8 fir/ two c>ds1 & !n correct himself4 ,?is %[s ! bank] t ! play] has bacc>a1 & is pret5d+ t he ?\ght he _h #i4 ,9 addition to ?is sy/em ( communication1 :i* ,p>isians call tiqu]1 m>k$ c>ds1 second deal+1 & prep>$ /ocks :i* c be palm$ on ! true c>ds1 or sub/itut$ !re=1 are all 9 common use4 ,if ,bacc>a is hone/ly play$ x is "o ( ! faire/ ( all bank+ games1 b ! opportunities = *eat+ are s _m & s easily avail$ (1 & ! money to be won & lo/ is s great1 especially at ,*em9 de ,f]1 t few :o "k any?+ ( *eat+ at c>ds c resi/ ! temptation to practice x at ,bacc>a4 ,! ,laws ( ,bacc>a are v long & complicat$4 ,z no (ficial code exi/s1 & z ea* gambl+ club makes its own h\se rules1 x is n necess>y to give !m "h1 ! directions conta9$ 9 ! =ego+ description be+ suffici5t = any hone/ game4 ,text ,books4 ,! foll[+ w be f\nd useful3-- ,?orie ,ma!matique du ,bacc>a1 by ,dormoy4 ,bacc>a ,exp]im5tal1 by ,bill>d4 ,trait ,?orique et ,pratique ,bacc>a1 by ,laun4 ,we/m9/] ,pap]s1 ,vols4 ,x4 & ,,xi4 ,,bl9d ,,hookey4 ,?is game is sometimes call$ ,dut* ,bank4 ,any numb] ( p]sons may play1 & a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is us$4 ,! c>ds rank f ! ,a ,k ,q d[n to ! deuce4 ,any play] may %uffle1 ! deal] la/4 ,! pack is !n cut1 & ! reunit$ p>ts are plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! table4 ,! play]s !n cut x into sev]al packets1 none less ?an f\r c>ds1 all ( :i* rema9 on ! table face d[n4 ,"s play] !n pu%es "o ( ! packets t[>d ! deal]1 & bets are !n made on ! o!rs4 ,any play]1 except ! deal]1 c bet :at he pleases on any packet4 ,aft] all ! bets are made all ! packets1 includ+ ! deal]'s1 are turn$ face up1 expos+ ! bottom c>d ( ea*4 ,any packet disclos+ a c>d l[] ?an ! deal]'s loses all bets plac$ ^u x4 ,any packet %[+ a c>d bett] ?an ! deal]'s w9s f him4 ,! deal] takes all ties4 ,! deal !n passes to ! next play] on ! left4 ,sometimes only ?ree packets are cut1 "o ( :i* is pu%$ to ! deal]4 ,?is game is a great fav\rite ) c>d-%>p]s1 especially on ocean /eam]s4 ,!y use packs 9 :i* ! c>ds are trimm$ long & %ort1 s t a conf$]ate may cut !m by ! ends or by ! sides = high or l[ c>ds1 aft]w>d pu%+ "o ( ! high cuts t[>d ! deal]4 ,,*9ese ,,fan ,,tan4 ,?is is app>5tly ! faire/ ( all bank+ games1 !re be+ absolutely no p]c5tage 9 fav\r ( ! bank] except t ! play]s h to d ! guess+4 ,! "o :o is will+ to put up ! l>ge/ am\nt ( money to be play$ = is usually select$ z ! bank]4 ,he is provid$ ) a l>ge b[lful ( beans1 c\nt]s1 buttons1 small co9s1 or "s objects ( :i* a l>ge numb] ( simil> size & %ape c be easily obta9$4 ,an oblong c>d is plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! table1 & ! play]s /ake _! money ^u its corn]s or ^u its edges4 ,^! corn]s are suppos$ to be numb]$ 9 rotation f #a to #d1 ! figure #a be+ on ! "r ( ! bank]4 ,a bet plac$ on any ( ! corn]s takes 9 ! numb] x is plac$ ^u & ! next high] also2 s t a bet ^u ! corn] #a w\ld be ^u ! numb]s #a & #b2 ^u #b x w\ld be ^u #b & #c2 & ^u #d x w\ld be ^u #d & #a4 ,illu/ration3 ---------------,x #c #b #d #a --------------- ,9 ! illu/ration ! bet w\ld be ^u #b & #c4 ,if ! bet is plac$ ^u ! edge ( ! c>d1 x takes 9 ! next high] numb] only4 ,illu/ration3 --------------- #c #b ,x #d #a --------------- ,9 ! illu/ration ! bet is ^u ! numb] #b1 & no o!r4 ,aft] all ! bets h be5 plac$1 ! bank] takes a l>ge h&ful ( ! beans or c\nt]s f ! b[l1 & places !m on ! table1 c\nt+ !m (f rapidly into f\rs4 ,! numb] ( odd c\nt]s rema9+ decides :i* numb] w9s2 if none rema91 #d w9s4 ,if !re 7 #b or #c c\nt]s ov]1 ! bank] w\ld pay all bets on ! corn]s #a & #b1 ev5 money4 ,if !re 7 #b ov]1 he w\ld pay all bets on ! edge ( ! c>d betwe5 #a & #b at ! rate ( ?ree = "o1 & s on4 ,! c\nt]s are !n return$ to ! b[l1 & bets are plac$ = ano!r c\p4 ,sometimes ! bank] w draw a h&ful ( beans f ! b[l & place !m ^u ! table1 cov]+ !m ) a sauc] or ) 8 cap4 ,he !n bets any play] t !re w be #a1 #b1 #c1 or #d left1 ! play] tak+ 8 *oice1 & be+ paid ?ree = "o if he guesses correctly4 ,9 spite ( ! fact t ?is game is app>5tly p]fectly fair = all conc]n$1 ! au?or has nev] se5 an ,am]ican :o c\ld w9 any?+ at x :ile a ,*9aman 0 ! bank]4 ,,f>o4 ,?is is "o ( ! olde/ bank+ games1 & is suppos$ to be ( ,italian orig94 ,x belongs to ! same family z ,lansqu5et1 ,flor5t9i1 & ,monte ,bank4 ,"u ! "n ( ,ph>aon1 x 0 9 great fav\r dur+ ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 & came to ,am]ica by way ( ,new ,orleans4 ,z orig9ally play$1 ! deal] held ! c>ds 9 8 left h&1 & any bets once put d[n c\ld n aga9 be tak5 up until !y 7 decid$4 ,9 addition to splits1 ! deal] took hockelty4 ,z n[ play$1 ,f>o requires ext5sive & co/ly app>atus1 ! engrav$ c\nt]s us$ be+ (t5 wor? m ?an _! play+ value4 ,a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is %uffl$ & cut by ! deal]1 & !n plac$ face upw>d 9 a deal+ box1 ! top ( :i* is op54 ,! c>ds are drawn f ?is box 9 c\ples1 by pu%+ !m "o at a "t ?r\gh a slit 9 ! side4 ,z ! c>ds are )drawn 9 ?is mann] a spr+ pu%es ! rema9d] ( ! pack upw>d4 ,! fir/ c>d 9 sight at ! beg9n+ ( ea* deal is call$ soda1 & ! la/ c>d left 9 ! box is 9 hoc4 ,! fir/ c>d )drawn is plac$ ab\t six in*es f ! box1 & ! second is laid close to ! box itself4 ,illu/ration ,e two c>ds )drawn 9 ?is mann] are call$ a turn1 & !re are tw5ty-five turns 9 ea* deal1 ,soda & ,hoc be+ dead c>ds4 ,9 mak+ ! fir/ turn1 ! ,soda beg9s ! pile f>!r f ! box1 & ! next c>d tak5 out is call$ a los]1 :i* is plac$ close to ! box4 ,! c>d left face upw>d 9 ! box is ! w9n] = t turn1 s t !re mu/ be a w9n] & a los] = e turn2 ! los] outside ! box1 & ! w9n] left 9 x4 ,on ! next & all foll[+ turns1 ! w9n+ c>d on ! previ\s turn w be plac$ on ! same pile z ! ,soda1 s t x %all be possible at any "t to decide :i* c>ds h won1 & :i* h lo/4 ,! ,object ( ! ,game is = ! play]s to guess :e!r ! v>i\s c>ds on :i* !y place _! money w w9 or lose4 ,!y are at lib]ty to select any c>d !y please1 f ! ace to ! ,k+1 & to bet any am\nt )9 ! e/abli%$ limit ( ! bank4 ,! ,lay\t4 ,all bets are made ) c\nt]s ( v>i\s colors & values1 :i* are sold to ! play]s by ! deal]1 & may be r$eem$ at any "t4 ,^! c\nt]s are plac$ on ! lay\t1 :i* is a complete suit ( spades1 enamell$ on gre5 clo?1 suffici5t space be+ left betwe5 ! c>ds = ! play]s to place _! bets4 ,! ace is on ! deal]'s left4 ,illu/ration3 ---------------- ---------------- ,!re are a great _m ways ( plac+ bets at ,f>o4 ,= in/ance3 ,a play] may make bets cov]+ tw5ty-"o diff]5t comb9ations ( c>ds1 all ( :i* w\ld play ! ,t5 to w91 z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 #bj #ab #ac #ba #ah #c #ai #ad #ae #af #ag #aj #b #hi #d #aa #f #e #g ,if ! fir/ bet is suppos$ to be flat ^u ! ,t5 itself1 #b1 #c & #d w\ld take 9 ! c>d next ! ,t52 #e ! c>ds on ea* side ) ! ,t52 #f & #g ! ?ree c>ds beh9d :i* ! bets are plac$1 ! ,t5 be+ "o 9 ea* in/ance2 #h & #i take 9 ! ,t5 & ! c>d "o remove f x 9 ei!r direction2 #aj & #aa are ! same ?+1 b plac$ on ! o!r c>d2 #ab to #ag inclusive take 9 ! v>i\s triangles ( :i* ! bet is ! middle c>d2 #ah & #ai take 9 ! f\r c>ds surr\nd+ !m2 #bj & #ba are heel$ bets1 ! bottom c\nt] be+ flat on ! corn] ( ! c>d1 & ! rema9d] be+ tilt$ ov] t[>d ! c>d diagonally across f ! "o on :i* ! bet is plac$1 play+ bo? c>ds to w94 ,9 addition to ^! tw5ty-"o bets1 o!rs might be made by heel+ bets t w\ld take c]ta9 c>ds to lose1 & ! ,t5 to w94 ,bets may also be /rung beh9d odd or ev5 c>ds on ! side next ! deal]4 ,^! %[ t ! play] bets ! next case c>d t comes w w9 if x is an ev5 c>d1 & lose if x is odd2 t is1 if he places 8 /r+ beh9d an ev5 c>d4 ,if ! play] ?9ks a c>d w w91 he bets x op51 t is1 ) no?+ b 8 c\nt]s4 ,if he wants to play a c>d to lose1 he copp]s x1 by plac+ a *eck] or button on 8 *ips4 ,if a play] wi%es to rea* two c>ds widely sep>at$1 su* z ! deuce & ,sev51 & has n money en\gh to bet on bo?2 he c ask ! deal] = a m>k]1 :i* is a flat oblong piece ( ivory4 ,?is is plac$ on ! c>d to be play$ ) ! same money1 & ! deal] may ei!r tru/ 8 memory = ! bet1 or place ano!r m>k] on x4 ,aft] ! deal] has wav$ 8 h& prep>atory to pu%+ ! top c>d f ! box1 no bet c be made or *ang$4 ,aft] ! turn is made1 ! deal] fir/ picks up all ! bets he w9s1 & !n pays all he loses1 aft] :i* he waits = ! play]s to re>range _! bets = ! next turn4 ,betwe5 ea* turn a play] may make any *ange he pleases4 ,a look\t sits on ! "r ( ! deal] to see t he pays & takes correctly1 & to wat* t no bets are *ang$1 or copp]s slipp$ (f1 dur+ ! turn4 ,splits4 ,if two c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation w9 & lose on ! same turn1 x is a split1 & ! deal] takes half ! bets on ! split c>d1 no matt] :e!r x is bet to w9 or lose4 ,splits %\ld come ab\t ?ree times 9 two deals if ! c>ds are hone/ly dealt4 ,keep+ ,cases4 ,z ! c>ds are )drawn f ! box !y are m>k$ on a case-keep]1 :i* is a suit ( ?irte5 c>ds1 ) f\r buttons runn+ on a /eel rod opposite ea* ( !m4 ,z ! c>ds come out1 ^! buttons are pu%$ along1 s t ! play] may "k h[ _m ( ea* c>d are /ill to come1 & :at c>ds are left 9 = ! la/ turn4 ,9 brace games1 :5 ! c>ds are pull$ out two at a "t to *ange ! run ( !m1 ! case-keep] is always a conf$]ate ( ! deal]1 & is signall$ :at c>ds h be5 pull$ out "u ! c>ds %[n1 s t he c secretly m>k !m up4 ,a bet plac$ or left ^u a c>d ( :i* none are left 9 ! box is call$ a sleep]1 & is public prop]ty2 ! fir/ man t c get 8 h&s on x keeps x4 ,:5 only "o c>d ( any d5om9ation is 9 ! box1 x is obvi\s t su* a c>d _c be split1 & t ! bank has no advantage ( ! play]4 ,su* c>ds are call$ cases1 & ! bett+ limit on cases is only half ! am\nt all[$ on o!r c>ds4 ,x is n consid]$ comme il faut = a play] to wait = cases1 & ^? :o play regul>ly usually make a numb] ( small bets dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ! deal1 & !n bet high on ! cases z !y come along4 ,a play] :o goes ^u ! pr9ciple t ! deal] c *eat ^? :o bet high1 & :o foll[s & goes aga9/ ! big bets ) small ones1 or :o plays "o-*ip bets all ov] ! bo>d1 hop+ to /rike a good spot to fi% on1 is call$ a pik]2 & :5 a game runs small ?is way1 ! deal]s call x a pik+ game4 ,keep+ ,tab4 ,9 addition to ! case-keep]1 score %eets are provid$ on :i* ! play]s may keep a record ( :at c>ds w9 & lose on ea* turn4 ,^! tabs are pr9t$ 9 v]tical columns1 ab\t five deals to a %eet4 ,a dot indicates ! soda c>d2 a da%1 hoc4 ,all w9n]s are m>k$ ) a d[n /roke1 & all los]s ) a cyph]4 ,! diagram 9 ! m>g9 w give a v good idea ( a f>o tab = a complete deal4 ,! ,que5 0 soda1 ! ,five split out1 & ! ,eight 0 9 hoc4 ,a #j #j #a #j #b #j #a #a #a #c #j #j #a #a #d #a #j #j #j #e #j #j ,x #f #a #a #a #a #g #j #a #a #j #h #a #a #j - #i #j #a #j #a #aj #j #j #j #j ,j #a #a #a #j ,q 4 #j #a #j ,k #a #j #a #a ,sy/ems4 ,on ! mann] 9 :i* ! c>ds w g1 a great _m sy/ems ( play are bas$4 ,!re are sixte5 diff]5t ways = a c>d to 8play10 :i* are simply ! p]mutations ( ! /roke & ! cyph] arrang$ 9 r[s ( f\r at a "t4 ,if a play] is bett+ ?ree on a side1 he w take ea* c>d z x becomes a case1 & bet t x ei!r w9s ?ree times & loses once1 or loses once & w9s ?ree times4 ,9 ! =ego+ deal he w\ld h bet on ! ,a #c #d #f #i ,j to lose on ! f\r? c>d out ( ! box1 & w\ld h bet on ! case c>ds ( ! #b #g #h #aj ,q ,k to w94 ,! ,soda1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 is really a w9n+ c>d4 ,( ^! bets he w\ld h won #e out ( twelve1 tak+ back 8 money on ! #h1 z t c>d 0 left 9 hoc4 ,play+ break ev51 ^! bets w\ld h be5 exactly rev]s$1 z all ! c>ds w\ld h play$ ei!r to w9 & lose an equal numb] ( times1 or to w9 or lose out2 t is1 to d ! same ?+ all f\r times4 ,ano!r fav\rite sy/em is col\rs4 ,! play] takes "s def9ite c>d1 su* z ! soda1 or ! fir/ w9n] or los]1 z 8 />t]1 & :atev] ! col\r ( ! ?ird c>d ( ea* d5om9ation1 t is1 ! c>d t makes x a case1 he plays x to w9 or lose1 accord+ to ! sy/em ( col\rs he is play+4 ,_m play]s rev]se on ! la/ turn4 ,:5 a play] bets "o c>d to lose & ano!r to w91 & loses bo? bets on ! same turn1 he is :ipsaw$4 ,! ,la/ ,turn4 ,if ?ree diff]5t c>ds are left 9 = ! la/ turn1 ! play]s c call ! turn1 nam+ ! ord] 9 :i* !y ?9k ! c>ds w be f\nd4 ,suppose ! ?ree c>ds left 9 ! box are ! #i #h #b1 ^! may come 9 six diff]5t ways3-- #i #h #b #i #b #h #h #i #b #h #b #i #b #i #h #b #h #i ,! odds aga9/ any "o ( ^! ways are #e to #a2 b ! deal] pays #d = #a only4 ,9 call+ ! turn1 ! bet is /rung f ! select$ los] to ! select$ w9n]4 ,if ! ?ird c>d int]v5es1 ! bet is /rung away f x1 to %[ t x goes r\nd ! lay\t to ! o!r c>d4 ,if !re are two c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation 9 ! la/ turn1 x is call$ a cat-hop2 & z x c come only ?ree ways1 ! deal] pays #b = #a4 ,suppose ! c>ds are #h #h #e1 !y c come3-- #h #h #e #h #e #h #e #h #h ,if ?ree c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation are left1 ! call is by ! col\r1 & is paid #b = #a4 ,suppose two black & "o r$ c>d are left4 ,^! may come3-- ,b ,b ,r ,b ,r ,b ,r ,b ,b ,! bets are plac$ on ! deal]'s "r = r$ fir/2 on 8 left = black & r$1 & 9 front ( him = two blacks4 ,,*eat+4 ,if ,f>o 7 hone/ly play$1 x w\ld be "o ( ! prettie/ bank+ games 9 ! _w2 b un=tunately ! money to be made at ?is game is s great t ! ri*e/ prizes 9 ! gambl+ _w are (f]$ to ! m5 :o c s h&le ! c>ds z to 8protect ! money ( ! h\se40 ,all sy/ems are n only wor?less1 b dang]\s to use1 :5 oppos$ to ! skill ( ! mod]n f>o deal]4 ,a fir/-class 8me*anic0 c get f "o to two hundr$ doll>s a week1 & a p]c5tage ( ! pr(its2 b x is h>dly necess>y to say t he is n paid t am\nt simply = pull+ c>ds out ( a box4 ,be=e v5tur+ to 8buck ! tig]0 get "s "o to %[ y h[ fifty-?ree c>ds are %uffl$ up1 s z to make ! la/ turn come ! way t !re is mo/ money 9 x = ! h\se4 ,wat* ! movem5ts c>efully1 s t y w "k !m ! next "t y see !m 9 a fa%ionable h\se1 :i* y imag9e to be 8dead squ>e40 ,if y see a deal] ) a %uffl+ bo>d z ?ick z 8 deal+ box1 don't play aga9/ t game4 ,if y see a deal] take up ! c>ds already tak5 f ! box1 slipp+ !m "o "u ! o!r1 z if to /raight5 !m up1 ! soon] y ca% y\r *ips ! bett]1 = y are up aga9/ a brace game1 no matt] :]e x is dealt4 ,! proprietors ( "s fa%ionable 8clubs10 especially at wat]+ places1 pret5d to be above all su* ?+s z *eat+ at f>o1 & get indignant at ! sugge/ion ( ! possibility ( !re be+ any?+ crook$ 9 _! e/abli%m5ts4 ,! au?or has b "o reply to all su*4 ,if x is true t !re is no?+ unfair 9 y\r game1 let me put a type-writ] girl 9 ! deal]'s place to %uffle & pull out ! c>ds1 & let y\r m5 j see to pay+ & tak+ bets4 ,! boa/ ( all ^! fa%ionable gambl+ h\ses is t !y nev] won a man's money except 9 a squ>e game4 ,/range to say1 ?is is g5]ally true1 & ! explanation is v simple4 ,if y are los+ !re is no necessity to *eat y1 s y lose y\r money 9 a squ>e game4 ,if y are w9n+1 x is ! bank's money1 & n y\rs1 t !y w\ld w9 if !y />t$ to *eat y2 & z ! deal] is paid to 8protect ! money ( ! h\se10 z !y call x1 he is p]fectly ju/ifi$ 9 ?r[+ ! h>poon into y = a few deals1 j to get 8 own money back2 b he is v c>eful n to *eat y out ( any ( y\r own money4 ,y may lose if y l1 b y _c w92 f>o banks are n run t way4 ,,r\ge ,,et ,,noir1 ,,or ,,tr5te-,,et-,,qu>ante4 ,! bank] & 8 assi/ant1 call$ ! cr\pi]1 sit opposite ea* o!r at ! sides ( a long table1 on ea* end ( :i* are two l>ge diamonds1 "o r$ & ! o!r black1 sep>at$ by a squ>e space & a triangle4 ,any numb] ( p]sons c play aga9/ ! bank1 plac+ _! bets on ! col\r !y select1 r$ or black4 ,six packs ( fifty-two c>ds ea* are %uffl$ toge!r & us$ z "o1 ! deal] tak+ a conv5i5t numb] 9 8 h& = ea* deal4 ,! play]s hav+ made _! bets1 & cut ! c>ds1 ! deal] turns "o c>d face upw>d on ! table 9 front ( him1 at ! same "t ann\nc+ ! col\r he deals =1 :i* is always = black fir/4 ,! deal] cont9ues to turn up c>ds "o by "o1 ann\nc+ _! total pip value ea* "t1 until he rea*es or passes #ca4 ,c\rt c>ds & ,t5s c\nt #aj ea*1 ! ace & all o!rs = _! face value4 ,hav+ rea*$ or pass$ #ca = black1 ! r$ is dealt = 9 ! same mann]1 & :i*ev] col\r mo/ closely approa*es #ca1 w9s4 ,suppose #ce 0 dealt = black1 & #ch = r$2 black w\ld w94 ,! numb] dealt mu/ nev] exce$ #dj4 ,! col\r ( ! fir/ c>d dealt 9 ea* c\p is not$1 & if ! same col\r w9s ! c\p1 ! bank] pays all bets plac$ on ! space m>k$ ,c\leur4 ,if ! opposite col\r w9s1 he pays all bets 9 ! triangle m>k$ ,inv]se4 ,all bets are paid 9 ev5 money1 !re be+ no odds at ?is game4 ,al?\gh black is ! fir/ col\r dealt =1 bo? x & inv]se are ignor$ 9 ! ann\ncem5t ( ! result1 r$ & col\r be+ ! only ones m5tion$1 w9 or lose4 ,if ! same numb] is rea*$ = bo? col\rs1 x is call$ a refait1 & is ann\nc$ by ! ^w1 8,aprs10 :i* means t all bets are a /&-(f = t c\p4 ,if ! refait happ5s to be exactly #ca1 h[ev]1 ! bank w9s half ! money on ! table1 no matt] h[ x is plac$4 ,! play]s may ei!r pay ?is half at once1 or may move _! entire /ake into ! fir/ prison1 a little squ>e m>k$ out on ! table1 & belong+ to ! col\r !y bet ^u4 ,if !y w9 ! next c\p1 _! /ake is free2 if n1 !y lose x all4 ,%\ld a second refait ( #ca occur1 !y w\ld h to lose a f\r? ( ?is imprison$ /ake1 & ! rema9d] w\ld be mov$ into a second prison1 to await ! result ( ! next c\p1 :i* w\ld ei!r free x or lose x all4 ,probabilities4 ,x has be5 f\nd t ( ! t5 numb]s t c be dealt1 #ca to #dj1 ! numb] #ca w come (t5] ?an any o!r4 ,! proportions are z foll[3-- #ca--ac times1 #cb--ab times1 #cc--aa times1 #cd--aj times1 #ce--i times1 #cf--h times1 #cg--g times1 #ch--f times1 #ci--e times1 #dj--d times4 ,! #ca refait also comes (t5] ?an any o!r4 ,al?\gh ! odds aga9/ x are suppos$ to be #fc to #a1 ! bank]s expect x ab\t twice 9 ?ree deals1 & ea* deal w produce f #bh to #cc c\ps4 ,,r\lette4 ,x is probable t m money has be5 lo/ at ! :eel ?an at any o!r gambl+ game 9 ! _w4 ,9 conjunction ) ,r\ge et ,noir1 x =ms ! *ief attraction at ,monte ,c>lo1 & o!r public gambl+ cas9os4 ,! rage = ^! games 0 s great1 & ! trick]y connect$ ) !m s common1 t !y 7 bani%$ f ,france by ! law ( #ah juillet1 #ahcf1 & _h to take refuge 9 ,bad5 & ,homburg4 ,be=e t "t ! public rev5ue f ! gam+ h\ses am\nt$ to five or six millions a ye>1 all ( :i* 0 lo/ by clos+ !m up4 ,! evil 0 n ext]m9at$1 h[ev]1 = !re are to-day hundr$s ( gambl+ hells 9 ,europe1 :i* make up = ! brevity ( _! exi/5ce by ! rapidity ) :i* !y fleece _! patrons4 ,9 ,am]ica1 ! :eel has always be5 popul>1 b ,r\ge et ,noir is practically unkn[n1 ! reason be+ t 9 ! latt] game !re is no v>iety1 & !re=e no *ance = ! play] to ex]cise any judgm5t1 or to play any 8sy/em0 9 mak+ 8 bets1 z he c 9 ,f>o4 ,! ,:eel4 ,! r\lette :eel is turn$ by a small cross-b> ris+ f its axis4 ,! surface ( ! :eel slopes f ! axis to ! out] edge1 :i* is divid$ into small squ>e pockets1 col\r$ alt]nately r$ & black1 & ea* hav+ a numb] j above x1 on ! surface ( ! :eel4 ,^! numb]s may be 9 any ord]1 accord+ to ! fancy ( ! mak] ( ! :eel1 & !y may run f #a to #bg1 to #cj1 to #cc1 or to #cf4 ,9 addition to ! numb]s !re are z]o m>ks1 :i* are call$ s+le & d\ble #j1 & ,eagle ,bird4 ,all ?ree ( ^! are us$ 9 ,am]ican :eels1 & !y are gre51 s t !y w9 = nei!r col\r4 ,9 "s ( ! ,european :eels !re are two z]os1 ! s+le #j be+ r$1 & ! d\ble #j black4 ,! s+le #j also c\nts z 8odd10 & z bel[ #ai2 :ile ! d\ble #j is 8ev510 & above #ah4 ,bets on odd or ev51 above & bel[1 are n paid1 h[ev]1 b mu/ rema9 on ! table until ! next roll1 :5 ! play] ei!r gets back twice 8 money or loses x all4 ,at ,monte ,c>lo !re is only "o z]o1 :i* is gre51 & takes ev]y?+ b bets on itself4 ,! numb]s on ! :eel are arrang$ z foll[s at ,monte ,c>lo1 ! heavy type be+ ! black3-- ,illu/ration ,! pockets on ! edge ( ! :eel are at ! bottom ( a sort ( circul> valley1 ! c5tre ( :i* is =m$ by ! revolv+ :eel1 & ! out] slope by a /ation>y b ris+ m>g9 or bord]1 at ! top ( :i* is an ov]hang+ edge1 "u :i* ! bank] sp9s a small ivory ball1 always 9 ! direction opposite to t 9 :i* ! :eel is turn+4 ,z ! ball loses its mom5tum x /rikes "s little brass ridges1 :i* cause x to jump onto ! :eel1 & !n to run into "o ( ! pockets4 ,! numb]1 ! col\r1 odd or ev51 & :e!r above or bel[1 is imm$iately ann\nc$ by ! bank]1 & all bets are tak5 & paid accord+ly4 ,! ,lay\t4 ,! :eel is sunk 9 ! middle ( a long table1 on ea* end ( :i* is a lay\t1 & on ^! lay\ts all bets are plac$4 ,! divisions are z foll[s3-- ,! heavy fac$ type indicates ! black numb]s3 ,illu/ration3 ------ #j ---------------------------------- #a #b #c ------------------ #d #e #f ,passe ------------------ ,manque #g #h #i ------------------ #aj #aa #ab ---------------------------------- #ac #ad #ae ------------------ #af #ag #ah ,pair ------------------ ,impair #ai #bj #ba ------------------ #bb #bc #bd ---------------------------------- #be #bf #bg ------------------ #bh #bi #cj ,noir ------------------ ,r\ge #ca #cb #cc ------------------ #cd #ce #cf ------------------------------ ,p ,m ,d ,p ,m ,d #ababab #ababab ------------------------------ ,bets may be made on ! foll[+ *ances3 #a4 ,en ple94 ,flat ^u any numb]1 :i* pays #ce = #a4 ,! bett+ limit at ,monte ,c>lo is #ahj francs4 #b4 ,a *eval1 on ! l9e betwe5 two numb]s1 :i* pays #ag = #a4 ,bett+ limit on ?is *ance is #cfj francs4 #c4 ,un c>r1 on a cross l9e1 tak+ 9 f\r numb]s4 ,?is pays #h = #a4 ,limit is #gej francs4 #d4 ,transv]sale1 at ! end ( any ?ree numb]s1 & tak+ !m 9 horizontally4 ,pays #aa = #a4 ,limit is #efj francs4 #e4 ,transv]sale ,six1 plac$ on ! l9e at ! end1 tak+ 9 ! ?ree numb]s horizontally above & bel[4 ,?is pays #e = #a4 ,limit is #a1bjj francs4 #f4 ,bas4 ,at ! bottom ( any ( ! ?ree v]tical columns1 tak+ 9 ! twelve numb]s4 ,?is pays #b = #a4 ,limit is #c1jjj francs4 #g4 ,bas *eval1 betwe5 any two ( ^! columns4 ,?is pays = #a4 ,limit is #c1jjj francs4 #h4 ,premi]1 ,milieu1 ,d]ni]4 ,bets plac$ 9 ! spaces m>k$ ,p #ab1 ,m #ab1 & ,d #ab1 are ^u ! fir/1 middle & la/ twelve numb]s2 t is1 f #a to #ab1 #ac to #bd1 & #be to #cf respectively4 ,?is pays #b = #a4 ,limit is #c1jjj francs4 ,a *eval betwe5 any two ( ! la/ m5tion$1 pays = #a4 ,9 addition to ! =ego+1 all ! foll[+ *ances may be bet ^u4 ,!y all pay ev5 money4 ,! limit is #f1jjj francs4 #i4 ,impair4 ,t ! numb] w be odd4 #aj4 ,pair4 ,t ! numb] w be ev54 #aa4 ,manque4 ,t ! numb] w be f #a to #ah4 #ab4 ,passe4 ,t ! numb] w be f #ai to #cf4 #ac4 ,r\ge or ,noir4 ,r$ or ,black4 ,! =ego+ are ! paym5ts at ,monte ,c>lo2 b :eels ) less numb]s are scal$ d[n accord+ly4 ,! play]s c bet on ! z]o if !y *oose1 & !y w be paid if x comes up1 #ce = #a1 b all o!r bets are lo/4 ,9 :eels ) two z]os1 r$ & black1 ! bank w9s on ! col\r :i* does n come1 & ! bets on ! "r col\r are nei!r paid nor tak51 b mu/ rema9 until ! next turn ( ! :eel4 ,?is is n[ ! practice at ,monte ,c>lo1 ) ! s+le-z]o :eels4 ,sy/ems4 ,z at ,f>o1 gambl]s at ,r\lette are nev] tir$ ( devis+ sy/ems to beat ! game2 b none ( !m are ( any fur!r use ?an to af=d a little pass+ amusem5t to _! inv5tors4 ,p]sons :o are int]e/$ 9 sy/ems w f9d 9 ! ,new ,york ,sun1 ,july #e1 #ahif1 a v int]e/+ tabulation ( e roll ( ! ball at ,monte ,c>lo = sev5 successive days1 #d1jab 9 all1 ( :i* #abj 7 z]os4 ,if !y c f9d a sy/em t w beat ! :eel = sev5 days1 & h a return ticket1 ,monte ,c>lo w take c>e ( all _! sp>e ca%4 ,"o curi\s fallacy ab\t "s sy/ems is to imag9e t !y w w9 if ! play] w quit :5 he is a c]ta9 am\nt ahead1 & n play aga9 until next day4 ,until "s rule c be giv5 by :i* ! exact h\r c be fix$ to beg9 play1 all su* sy/ems mu/ be delusions1 z !re is no reason :y a second man %\ld n beg9 :]e ! fir/ left (f1 & !re=e no reason :y ! fir/ %\ld n cont9ue play+ all ! "t4 ,x is 9 ! int]e/ ( ! proprietors ( all gambl+ h\ses to pret5d to be afraid ( sy/ems4 ,! ^w is pass$ r\nd1 & ! delud$ game/]s ?9k !y h f\nd ! ?read :i* has held ! sword ( ,damocles above ! bank]'s head s long4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 !re is no "o s welcome at a gambl+ h\se z a play] ) a sy/em4 ,a man may be =tunate en\gh = a long "t to guess "r (t5] ?an he w guess wrong1 & a lucky man 9 good guess+ =m is a v dang]\s cu/om]1 t no cold deck w beat2 b a man ) a sy/em surr5d]s to a d\ble foe2 ! inevitable p]c5tage ( ! game1 & ! skill ( ! bank]1 :o c beat any sy/em if ! play] w only promise to /ick to x4 ,,k5o1 ,,or ,,lotto4 ,?is game is play$ ) a l>ge numb] ( c>ds1 on :i* are pr9t$ v>i\s p]mutations ( ! numb]s #a to #ij1 tak5 five at a "t2 b ea* ( ! five numb]s select$ = "o comb9ation mu/ be 9 a sep>ate division ( t5s1 su* comb9ations z #b #d #h #af #ah n be+ all[$ on any c>d1 because ! #b #d & #h1 = in/ance1 are all 9 ! fir/ t5 numb]s ( ! #ij4 ,^! c>ds h ea* a numb]1 pr9t$ 9 l>ge r$ type across ! face ( ! o!r figures4 ,! foll[+ might be a k5o c>d1 ,no4 #cbe3-- ,illu/ration3 ------------------------------------ #a #bf #de #ec #gg ------------------------------------ #aj #bh #c #b #e #fb #gi #hc ------------------------------------ #d #ab #cg #fg #ij ------------------------------------ ,"s c>ds h m ?an ?ree r[s ( figures on !m1 b none h m ?an five 9 "o r[4 ,! c>ds are left on ! tables 9 l>ge numb]s1 & any numb] ( p]sons may play4 ,ea* selects z _m c>ds z he wi%es1 or ?9ks he c wat*1 & places ^u !m _! price1 usually tw5ty-five c5ts ea*4 ,an assi/ant comes r\nd & calls out ! numb]s ( all ! c>ds to be play$1 & !y are 8pegg$0 on a l>ge bo>d provid$ = ! purpose4 ,n9ety small ivory balls1 ) flatt5$ surfaces to c>ry ! numb]s1 are plac$ 9 a k5o goose1 :i* looks l a c(fee urn ) ! sp\t at ! bottom4 ,?is sp\t c be screw$ out to put 9 ! balls1 & is controll$ ) a spr+ cut-(f l a p[d] horn1 :i* lets out only "o ball at a "t4 ,:5 all ! c>ds h be5 pegg$1 ! goose is rapidly revolv$ sev]al times back & =?1 & !n a numb] is tak5 out1 & plac$ 9 a little tray ) n9ety depressions 9 x1 numb]$ 9 regul> ord]1 :i* hold ! balls z !y come f ! goose4 ,! k5o roll] calls ea* numb] di/9ctly1 & ! play]s :o f9d x on _! c>ds cov] x ) a button4 ,! fir/ play] to get a horizontal r[ ( five numb]s cov]$ 9 ?is mann]1 calls out 8,k5o60 or bangs ! table ) a c>d1 & t /ops ! game4 ,an assi/ant comes r\nd to ! table & calls out ! numb] ( ! c>d2 if x has be5 paid = & pegg$1 he proce$s to call ! numb]s =m+ ! k5o1 & ^! are *eck$ by ! roll] f ! balls on ! tray4 ,if ev]y?+ is correct1 ! play] is giv5 all ! money paid by ! o!r play]s = _! c>ds1 less ! t5 p] c5t :i* goes to ! h\se4 ,if two k5os are made on ! same numb]1 !y divide ! pool equally4 ,z an illu/ration ( ! pr(itable nature ( ! game = ! h\se1 x may be rem>k$ t if t5 m5 7 to play k5o = a doll> a c>d1 & ea* ( !m made k5o t5 times1 !y w\ld all be 8dead broke20 because on ea* ( ! hundr$ k5os at t5 doll>s ea*1 ! bank w\ld h tak5 out its doll> p]c5tage4 ,,*uck-,,luck4 ,?is game is sometimes call$ ,sweat1 & aga91 b errone\sly1 ,haz>d4 ,x is play$ ) ?ree dice1 :i* are usually ?r[n d[n a funnel 9 :i* sev]al cross-b>s are plac$4 ,! play] is (f]$ five diff]5t =ms ( bett+1 all ( :i* appe> on ! ,lay\t1 & :i* cov] all ! comb9ations possible ) ?ree dice4 ,illu/ration3 ----------------------- ,s+le ,numb]s4 ,,high4 ------------------ ,,l[4 #a #b #c #d #e #f ------------------ ---------------------------------------- -------- #ah #ag #af #ae #ad #ac #ab #aa #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c ---------------------------------------- -------- #ahj #fj #bi #ah #ab #h #f #f #f #f #h #ab #ah #bi #fjahj ---------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------- ,raffles4 ,,odd4 ------------------ ,,ev54 #a #b #c #d #e #f ------------------ ,! ,raffles are sometimes indicat$ by a repres5tation ( "o face ( a die4 ,bets on s+le numb]s pay ev5 money1 if ! numb] bet on comes up on ! face ( any ( ! ?ree dice4 ,if x comes up on two ( !m1 su* z two deuces1 x pays d\ble2 b if all ?ree dice are alike x is a raffle1 & ! h\se takes all bets n plac$ on raffles4 ,bets on ! numb]s f #ah to #c are ^u ! total c\nt ( ! pips on ! upp] faces ( ! ?ree dice4 ,! small figures "u ^! numb]s %[ ! odds paid2 #ad1 = in/ance1 pays twelve = "o4 ,all raffles pay #ahj = "o2 ! same z #ah or #c4 ,bets on ,high & ,l[1 ,odd or ,ev51 pay ev5 money4 ,high ?r[s are all above #aj1 & l[ ?r[s are all bel[ #aa4 ,?is w\ld be p]fectly ev5 bett+ if ! h\se did n take raffles4 ,"s h\ses all[ a play] to bet on raffles g5]ally2 t is1 to bet t a raffle ( "s k9d w come4 ,su* bets are paid #cj = #a4 ,! p]c5tage ( ! h\se1 ev5 9 a squ>e game1 may be se5 f ! foll[+ table1 :i* gives ! odds aga9/ ! ev5t1 & ! odds :i* ! h\se pays3-- ,! odds aga9/ #c or #ah are #bae to #a2 ! h\se pays #ahj 0 #d 0 #ag 0 #ga 0 #a 0 #fj 0 #e 0 #af 0 #ce 0 #a 0 #bi 0 #f 0 #ae 0 #bj 0 #a 0 #ah 0 #g 0 #ad 0 #ac 0 #a 0 #ab 0 #h 0 #ac 0 #i 0 #a 0 #h 0 #i 0 #ab 0 #g 0 #a 0 #f 0 #aj 0 #aa 0 #g 0 #a 0 #f ,*eat+4 ,!re are endless ways ( sw9dl+ at ,*uck-luck1 ! mo/ mod]n be+ to turn ! dice ov] aft] !y h rea*$ ! table ?r\gh ! funnel4 ,?is is done by an app>atus "u ! clo?1 ! deal] look+ d[n ! funnel to see h[ ! dice lie1 & !n adju/+ !m to suit himself4 ,ano!r me?od is to hold out "o die1 ?r[+ only two d[n ! funnel1 & slipp+ ! ?ird d[n ! outside1 turn+ x s t :5 x is comb9$ ) ! two already 9 ! funnel x w beat ! big bets on ! lay\t4 ,raffles c be =c$ 9 ?is way :5ev] ! two dice 9 ! funnel are pair$4 ,,rondeau4 ,?is game is play$ on a pocket billi>d table4 ,! bank] asks = bets on ! inside & outside1 & ! am\nts /ak$ on ea* side mu/ balance4 ,s long z !y d n balance1 ! bank] mu/ ask = :at he wants3 8,give me f\rte5 doll>s on ! outside to make ! game10 etc4 ,z soon z ! am\nts balance1 & no m bets are (f]$1 he says3 8,roll4 ,! game is made40 ,a r\nd /ick1 ab\t a foot long1 is plac$ beh9d n9e small ivory balls4 ,any p]son may roll4 ,he takes 8 /& at "o corn] ( ! table & rolls ! balls across ! table to ! pocket diagonally opposite him4 ,at lea/ "o ball mu/ g into ! pocket & "o mu/ be left out1 or !y mu/ be roll$ ov] aga94 ,! numb] ( balls left outside ! pocket1 odd or ev51 decides :e!r ! inside or ! outside bets w92 & aft] ! bank] has d$uct$ 8 t5 p] c5t1 ! play]s :o h back$ ! w9n+ side get _! money4 ,,monte ,,bank4 ,! money /ak$ by ! bank] is pil$ ^u ! table1 s t all play]s may see :at is to be won4 ,! bank] takes a ,spani% pack ( =ty c>ds1 %uffles !m1 & (f]s !m to ! play]s to be cut4 ,hold+ ! pack face d[n1 ! bank] draws two c>ds f ! bottom & places !m on ! table1 face up1 = ! 8bottom lay\t40 ,he !n draws two c>ds f ! top ( ! pack = ! 8top lay\t40 ,! play]s c bet on ei!r lay\t1 & aft] all ! bets are plac$ ! pack is turn$ face up4 ,! c>d t %[s is call$ ! 8gate40 ,if x is ( ! same suit z ei!r ( ! c>ds 9 ! top lay\t1 ! bank] pays all bets on t lay\t4 ,if !re is a c>d ( ! same suit z ! gate 9 ! bottom lay\t1 ! bank] pays t also4 ,if !re is no c>d ( ! same suit z ! gate 9 ei!r ( ! lay\ts1 ! bank] w9s f t lay\t2 s t he may w9 or lose f ei!r or bo? on ! same gate4 ,! pack is !n turn$ face d[n1 ! gate is drawn (f & ?r[n aside & two fre% lay\ts are made1 z be=e & ! bets plac$ be=e ! new gate is %[n4 ,?is is cont9u$ until ! pack is exhau/$4 ,,?ree-,,c>d ,,monte4 ,?is is a purely gambl+ game1 *iefly useful = sep>at+ fools f _! money4 ,! deal] takes ?ree c>ds1 slightly b5t l5g?wise1 s z to be m easily pick$ up by ! ends4 ,"o ( ^! is %[n1 & ! play]s are told to wat* x4 ,aft] a few skilful passes1 ! ?ree c>ds come to re/ on ! lay\t1 & ! play]s are ask$ to bet t !y c pick out ! c>d %[n4 ,if ! deal] w lay two to "o1 x is a fair gamble2 b if he lays ev5 money only1 ! play] is bett+ two to "o aga9/ himself4 ,!re are endless ways ( pret5d+ to m>k ! %[n c>d1 s t x may be kn[n by ! back2 b ! deal] or 8 conf$]ate always kn[s t ?is is done1 & ! m>k is %ift$ dur+ ! passes4 ,,"u ,,& ,,ov] ,,sev54 ,?is game is play$ ) a lay\t1 divid$ & m>k$ z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 -------------------- ,u #g ,o ,,ev5 #c ,,to #a ,,ev5 -------------------- ,! play]s c bet on any ( ! ?ree spaces4 ,two dice are ?r[n by ! bank]1 & if ! numb] ?r[n is "u sev5 he pays all bets ^u ! ,u1 ev5 money1 tak+ all ^? ^u #g & ,o4 ,if ! ?r[ is ov] sev51 he pays all bets ^u ! ,o1 tak+ all ^? ^u ,u & #g4 ,if sev5 is ?r[n1 he pays all bets ^u t numb]1 ?ree = "o1 & takes all ^u ,u & ,o4 ,z !re are #cf possible ?r[s ) two dice1 #ae be+ "u & #ae ov] sev51 ! p]c5tage 9 fav\r ( ! bank] is always #ba to #ae1 on ,u & ,o4 ,z !re are only #f ways out ( #cf to ?r[ sev51 ! odds aga9/ x are #e to #a2 b ! bank] pays only #c = #a4 ,9 spite ( ?is enorm\s p]c5tage 9 8 fav\r1 he frequ5tly adds to 8 rev5ue by skilful *eat+4 ,,lansqu5et4 ,?is is a bank+ game = any numb] ( play]s1 ) a pack ( fifty-two c>ds4 ,aft] ! pack has be5 %uffl$ & cut1 ! deal] lays (f two c>ds1 face up = 8h& c>ds40 ,he !n deals a c>d = himself & "o = ! play]s1 also face up4 ,if ei!r ( ^! is ( ! same d5om9ation z ei!r ( ! h& c>ds1 x mu/ be plac$ ) !m1 & ano!r c>d dealt2 because all bets mu/ be made on s+le c>ds4 ,hav+ two c>ds1 "o = ! play]s & "o = himself1 ! bank] turns up c>ds "o at a "t4 ,if he draws ! same d5om9ation z ! play]s' c>d1 he w9s all ! bets ^u x4 ,if he draws 8 own d5om9ation1 he loses all bets ^u ! o!r c>d4 ,if he draws a c>d t mat*es nei!r1 & is n 9 ! h& c>ds1 x is plac$ on ! table1 & ! play]s c bet ^u x4 ,z soon z ! play]s' c>d is mat*$1 ! bank] )draws bo? c>ds1 b he _c )draw 8 own c>d4 ,all c>ds mat*+ ! h& c>ds mu/ be plac$ ) !m4 ,,table ,,games4 ,! common =m ( fold+ *ess-bo>d provides a field = ?ree ( our be/ kn[n games2 ,*ess1 ,*eck]s1 & ,backgammon1 :i* are g5]ally spok5 ( z 8table games10 al?\gh1 /rictly speak+1 ,backgammon is ! only game ( ,tables4 ,^! ?ree games 7 probably play$ long be=e hi/ory notic$ !m1 & !y h surviv$ almo/ all anci5t =ms ( amusem5t4 ,*ess is n only ! mo/ important ( ! ?ree1 b ! mo/ widely kn[n1 & possesses ! mo/ ext5sive lit]ature4 ,accord+ to ,*atto1 x is probable t all games ( c>ds owe _! orig9 to *ess1 c>ds !mselves hav+ be5 d]iv$ f an old ,indian v>iation ( *ess1 kn[n z ! ,f\r ,k+s4 ,*ess is also ! mo/ fasc9at+ ( ! table games1 its *>m be+ probably due to ! fact t1 l :i/1 x is a game t no man ev] ma/]$4 ,:e!r or n ?is is 9 its fav\r is an op5 "q4 ,! am\nt ( /udy & practice requir$ to make a p]son pr(ici5t 9 *ess br+s a s]i\s dra9 ^u ! "t1 & ! fasc9ations ( ! game are su* t once a p]son has become ?or\ghly int]e/$ 9 x1 ev]y?+ else is laid aside1 & x is notori\s t no man di/+ui%$ z a *ess-play] has ev] be5 good = any?+ else4 ,mr4 ,blackburne1 ! ,engli% *ess *ampion1 reg>ds ! game z a dang]\s intellectual vice :i* is spread+ to r an al>m+ ext5t4 ,discuss+ ! matt]1 aft] 8 game ) ,mr4 ,b>deleb51 he said3 8,i "k a lot ( p :o hold ! view t *ess is an excell5t means ( tra9+ ! m9d 9 logic & %rewd calculation1 provision & caution4 ,b ,i don't f9d ^! qualities reflect$ 9 ! lives ( *ess-play]s4 ,!y are j z fallible & fooli% z o!r folks :o don't "k a rook f a pawn4 ,b ev5 if x 7 a =m ( m5tal discipl9e1 :i* ,i d\bt1 ,i %\ld /ill object to x on ! gr\nd ( its fatal fasc9ation4 ,*ess is a k9d ( m5tal alcohol4 ,x inebriates ! man :o plays x con/antly4 ,he lives 9 a *ess atmosph]e1 & 8 dreams are ( gambits & ! end ( games4 ,i h kn[n _m an able man ru9$ by *ess4 ,! game has *>m$ him1 &1 z a consequ5ce1 he has giv5 up ev]y?+ to ! *>m]4 ,no1 unless a man has supreme self-control1 x is bett] t he %\ld n le>n to play *ess4 ,i h nev] all[$ my *ildr5 to le>n x1 = ,i h se5 too mu* ( its evil results4 ,draughts is a bett] game1 if y mu/ h a game40 ,*ess is g5]ally believ$ to h orig9at$ 9 ,india1 & 9 its primitive =m 0 call$ ,*aturanga4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 ! ,h9doo ,puranas1 at lea/ #cjjj ye>s ,b4 ,c4 ,! game seems to h spread ea/w>d long be=e x came ,we/1 go+ ?r\gh ,burmah to ,?ibet1 ,siam1 ,*9a1 ,malacca1 ,java1 & ,borneo4 ,ow+ to ! bett] pres]vation ( hi/orical records 9 ,*9a1 _m p]sons h be5 l$ to cr$it t c\ntry ) ! inv5tion ( *ess1 b rec5t inve/igations h %[n t ! ,*9ese got x f ,india4 ,at "s remote p]iod ( ! _w's hi/ory ! game 0 tak5 f ,*9a to ,japan1 & !re are to-day _m po9ts 9 common betwe5 ! games play$ 9 ^! two c\ntries1 especially 9 ! arrangem5t ( ! pieces1 al?\gh ! ,japanese bo>d has eighty-"o squ>es4 ,*ess came we/w>d ?r\gh ,con/ant9ople1 x hav+ pass$ ?r\gh ,p]sia sometime dur+ ! six? c5tury4 ,! ,arabs seem to h le>n$ ! game1 & tak5 x to ,mecca & ,m$9a1 aft]w>d pass+ x along to ,syria & ! ,byzant9es1 sometime dur+ ! sev5? c5tury4 ,disb&$ body-gu>ds ( ! ,byzant9e emp]ors c>ri$ x to ,sc&9avia & ! ,nor?1 :ile x 0 gradually spread+ ov] ,europe by way ( ! ,bosphoros & ! ,danube4 ,draughts1 or ,*eck]s1 is sometimes claim$ to be an old] game ?an ,*ess3 b x is mu* m probable t bo? are developm5ts ( "s /ill old] game1 all trace ( :i* is lo/4 ,9 ,egypt & ,nubia !re are illu/rations ( p]sons play+ at draughts tw5ty c5turies be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,dur+ rec5t explorations 9 ,egypt q a v>iety ( draughtm5 h be5 f\nd1 "s ( :i* 7 us$ dur+ ! reign ( ,rameses ,,iii4 ,! usual =m seems to h be5 circul>1 ab\t an in* 9 diamet]1 & surm\nt$ by a r\nd knob1 some?+ l a *ess pawn1 s t ! m5 c\ld be easily pick$ up4 ,f ! mann] 9 :i* ! m5 are %[n mix$ ^u ! bo>d1 x is evid5t t !y c\ld n move or take backw>ds1 z 9 ,poli% draughts1 b :e!r !y advanc$ diagonally1 z at ! pres5t day1 !re is no evid5ce to %[4 ,! ,japanese game ( draughts has lately be5 reviv$ 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica "u ! "n ( ,g-,bang1 b z x requires a special bo>d ( #cbd squ>es1 x has nev] be5 popul>4 ,backgammon _c be trac$ to its orig94 ,sev]al au?orities h fall5 into ! error ( ascrib+ ! game to a c]ta9 c\ntry because ! "n is d]iv$ f a c]ta9 language1 =gett+ t 9 anci5t times e c\ntry inv5t$ its own names = games4 ,*ess is call$ ,*oke-*oo-hong-ki 9 ,*9a1 & ,%ogi 9 ,japan2 b t does n make x ei!r a ,*9ese or a ,japanese game4 ,ei!r ( ^! names might be us$ = ,backgammon1 z !y h exactly ! same mean+4 ,! ,wel% words1 ba*1 & camm52 or ! ,saxon bac1 & gam51 signify 8a little battle20 :ile ! ,*9ese & ,japanese names = ,*ess signify 8mimic w>f>e40 ,! ,wel% & ,saxons und\bt$ly got ,backgammon f ! ,romans1 :o play$ x "u ! "n ( ,scripta ,duodecimo4 ,!y seem$ to h got x f ! ,greeks1 :o are kn[n to h us$ a table call$ ,abacus1 v mu* l a backgammon bo>d 9 =m1 ) l9es drawn ^u x1 & ! m5 7 mov$ f "o l9e to ano!r accord+ to ! ?r[s ( ! dice4 ,!re is no trace ( ,backgammon among ! games ( ! ,egyptians or ! ,hebrews1 al?\gh ! *ief factors 9 ! game1 ! dice1 h be5 kn[n to all nations1 & are probably ! olde/ gam+ in/rum5ts 9 ! _w4 ,z to ! respective m]its ( ^! table games1 !re is little to be said4 ,curi\sly en\gh !y are play$ by entirely diff]5t classes ( p4 ,backgammon has always be5 highly respectable1 & seems likely to reta9 its position z ! fa%ionable game4 ,draughts is peculi>ly ! game ( ! middle classes1 popul> at ! workman's d9n] h\r1 9 ! sitt+-rooms ( *eap hotels1 9 c\ntry clubs1 & 9 fire eng9e /ations2 ! latt] be+ a fav\rite tra9+ gr\nd = our *eck] *ampions4 ,*ess is probably ! mo/ univ]sal game ( all1 & its g5]al "* is und]/ood by almo/ e educat$ p]son 9 ! _w4 ,,*ess4 ,*ess is play$ ^u a squ>e bo>d1 divid$ into sixty-f\r small] squ>es ( equal size4 ,^! small squ>es are usually ( diff]5t col\rs1 alt]nately light & d>k1 & ! bo>d mu/ be s plac$ t ea* play] %all h a light squ>e at 8 "r1 on ! side ne>] him4 ,ea* play] is provid$ ) sixte5 m51 eight ( :i* are call$ pieces1 & eight pawns4 ,! m5 on "o side are r$ or black1 & ^? on ! o!r side are :ite or yell[1 & !y are usually ( a /&>d patt]n1 :i* is kn[n z ! ,/aunton model4 ,! eight pieces are3 ,! ,k+1 ,! ,que51 ,two ,rooks or ,ca/les1 ,two ,bi%ops1 & two ,knights1 ,^! eight pieces are arrang$ on ! side ( ! bo>d ne>] ! play]1 & imm$iately 9 front ( !m /& ! eight ,pawns1 4 ,diagram ,no4 #a w %[ ! prop] arrangem5t ( ! m5 at ! beg9n+ ( a game3-- ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #a4 ,,black4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,,:ite4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ! two ,que5s are opposite ea* o!r1 & t ea* ,que5 /&s ^u a squ>e ( ! same col\r z h]self4 ,= irregul>ities 9 sett+ up ! m51 see ! ,laws ( ,*ess4 ,! play]s are designat$ by ! col\r ( ! m5 ) :i* !y play1 ,black or ,:ite1 & ,:ite always has ! fir/ move4 ,9 a s]ies ( games ea* play] alt]nately takes ! :ite m5 ) ! fir/ move4 ,x is usual to draw = ! fir/ game1 "o play] conceal+ 9 ea* h& a pawn ( a diff]5t col\r1 & (f]+ ! *oice ( h&s to 8 adv]s>y4 ,:i*ev] col\r ! *os5 h& conta9s is ! "o ! *oos] mu/ take = ! fir/ game4 ,! duplicate pieces ( ea* col\r are di/+ui%$ by _! position ) reg>d to ! ,k+ or ,que52 ^? on ! ,k+'s side be+ call$ ! ,k+'s ,bi%op1 ! ,k+'s ,knight1 & ! ,k+'s ,rook4 ,^? on ! ,que5's side are ! ,que5's ,bi%op1 ,que5's ,knight1 & ,que5's ,rook4 ,! pawns are designat$ by ! pieces 9 front ( :i* !y /&2 ,k+'s ,pawn2 ,que5's ,knight's ,pawn1 etc4 ,! comp>ative value ( ! pieces *anges a little 9 ! c\rse ( play1 ! ,rooks especially n be+ s valuable e>ly 9 ! game4 ,au?orities diff] a little z to ! exact value ( ! pieces1 b if we take ! ,pawn z a unit1 ! fight+ value ( ! o!rs w be ab\t z foll[s3-- ,a ,knight is wor? #c ,pawns4 ,a ,bi%op is wor? #e ,pawns4 ,a ,rook is wor? #i ,pawns4 ,a ,que5 is wor? #ae ,pawns4 ,a ,k+ is wor? #d ,pawns4 ,,! ,,moves4 ,ea* piece has a movem5t peculi> to itself1 &1 ) ! exception ( ! ,pawns1 any piece c capture & remove f ! bo>d any oppos+ piece :i* x f9ds 9 its l9e ( movem5t4 ,! captur$ piece is n jump$ ov]1 b ! captur+ piece simply occupies ! squ>e on :i* ! captur$ piece /ood4 ,! movem5t ( ea* piece %\ld be /udi$ sep>ately4 ,! ,pawns move /raight =w>d1 "o squ>e at a "t1 except on ! fir/ move1 :5 !y h ! privilege ( mov+ ei!r "o or two squ>es1 at ! option ( ! play]4 ,9 captur+1 ! ,pawn does n take ! piece directly 9 its pa?1 b ! "o diagonally 9 front ( x on ei!r side4 ,su* a capture ( c\rse takes ! ,pawn f ! file x orig9ally occupi$1 & x mu/ !n cont9ue to advance 9 a /raight l9e on its new file4 ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #b1 ! :ite ,pawns c\ld n capture ei!r ( ! black ,bi%ops or ,rooks1 b ! ,pawn on ! left c\ld take ei!r ( ! black ,knights3-- ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #b4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,,:ite4 ,aft] a ,pawn has cross$ ! middle l9e ( ! bo>d into ! adv]s>y's t]ritory1 x is call$ a pass$ ,pawn4 ,if an adv]se ,pawn attempts to pass ?is ,pawn by avail+ itself ( ! privilege ( mov+ two squ>es ! fir/ "t1 t w\ld n prev5t ! pass$ ,pawn f captur+ x en passant4 ,9 ! position %[n 9 ,diagram ,no4 #c1 = in/ance1 if ! black ,que5's ,pawn 7 to advance two squ>es1 ! :ite ,pawn c\ld capture x en passant1 lift+ x f ! bo>d1 & tak+ ! position t ! black ,pawn w\ld h occupi$ if x _h mov$ only "o squ>e ! fir/ "t2 t is1 ! fir/ black squ>e 9 front ( ! ,que54 ,a ,pawn c be tak5 en passant only by ano!r pawn1 nev] by any o!r piece4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #c4 ,,black4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,! ,rook c be mov$ any numb] ( squ>es at a "t1 =w>d or backw>d1 b only 9 v]tical or horizontal l9es1 nev] diagonally4 ,! ,rook's movem5t is ( c\rse limit$ by pieces ob/ruct+ its pa?1 = x _c jump ov] any?+4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 = in/ance1 ! ,rook _c move at all4 ,! ,bi%op c be mov$ any numb] ( squ>es at a "t1 =w>d or backw>d1 b only 9 diagonal l9es1 nev] horizontally or v]tically4 ,= ?is reason ! ,bi%op nev] leaves ! squ>es ( ! same col\r z t on :i* x orig9ally /ood4 ,a ,bi%op is (t5 spok5 ( z a :ite ,bi%op or a black ,bi%op1 :i* does n mean t x is "o ( ,:ite's ,bi%ops1 or "o ( ,black's2 b t x /&s ^u a :ite or black squ>e4 ,l ! ,rook1 ! ,bi%op _c jump ov] o!r pieces1 & _c be mov$ at all until "o or o!r ( ! two ,pawns diagonally 9 front ( x h op5$ ! way4 ,! ,que5 comb9es ! movem5ts ( ! ,rook & ,bi%op1 & c be mov$ horizontally1 v]tically1 or diagonally1 any numb] ( squ>es at a "t1 provid$ t ! pa? is cle>4 ,l ! ,rook & ,bi%op1 %e _c move at all until "s ( ! adjo9+ pieces h made a way = h]4 ,! ,k+ has ! same movem5t z ! ,que51 b is limit$ to "o squ>e at a "t4 ,! ,k+ is n all[$ to move to a squ>e :i* w\ld expose him to capture by adv]se pieces1 = reasons :i* w pres5tly be expla9$4 ,! ,knight has a v peculi> movem5t1 :i* is ,l %ap$1 & necessitates 8 *ang+ ! col\r ( ! squ>e he /&s on1 e "t he moves4 ,! simple/ way = ! beg9n] to le>n ! ,knight's move is to obs]ve t he mu/ g two squ>es1 nei!r m nor less1 9 a v]tical or a horizontal direction1 & mu/ !n *ange ! col\r ( ! squ>e he /&s on by go+ "o squ>e ei!r to ! "r or left1 :i* w complete ! ,l %ap$ movem5t4 ,diagram ,no4 #d w %[ t :5 ! ,knight is away f ! side ( ! bo>d1 he may g to any "o ( eight diff]5t squ>es2 b :5 he is 9 a corn] he c g to two only4 ,= t reason ,knights are mu* m p[]ful :5 plac$ ne> ! c5tre ( ! bo>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #d4 ------------------------ #h #a ------------------------ #g #b ------------------------ ------------------------ #f #c ------------------------ #e #d ------------------------ #a ------------------------ #b ------------------------ ------------------------ ,! peculi>ity ( ! ,knight's move is t x is n ret>d$ by o!r pieces1 because ! ,knight c jump ov] !m1 a privilege :i* is n giv5 to any o!r piece on ! bo>d4 ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #e1 = in/ance1 ! ,knights h be5 legitimately mov$1 b no o!r piece c\ld be mov$ until ! ,pawns _h made way = x4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #e4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,!re are "o or two peculi> movem5ts :i* are all[$ only "u c]ta9 conditions4 ,"o ( ^! is ,ca/l+4 ,if !re are no pieces betwe5 ! ,k+ & ! ,rook1 & nei!r piece has be5 mov$1 ! ,k+ may be mov$ two squ>es t[>d ! ,rook1 & at ! same "t ! ,rook may be br\ght r\nd to ! o!r side ( ! ,k+4 ,! movem5t mu/ be made ) bo? h&s1 ea* manipulat+ a piece4 ,9 ! position %[n 9 ,diagram ,no4 #f1 = in/ance1 ! ,k+ c\ld ca/le on ei!r side1 ) ! ,k+'s ,rook1 or ) ! ,que5's ,rook3-- ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #f4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,if an adv]se piece comm&s ! squ>e t w\ld be pass$ ov] by ! ,k+ 9 ca/l+1 ! move is n all[$2 because a ,k+ mu/ n move into *eck1 nor cross a squ>e t is *eck$ by an adv]se piece nor ca/le out ( *eck4 ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #g ! position t w\ld result f ca/l+ ) ! ,que5's ,rook is %[n by ! black m54 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #g4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,que5+ ,pawns4 ,if a pass$ ,pawn succe$s 9 rea*+ ! la/ or eigh? squ>e on any file1 ! play] to :om ! ,pawn belongs may call x any?+ he *ooses1 f a ,que5 to a ,knight4 ,if ! piece he *ooses has already be5 captur$1 x mu/ be replac$ on ! bo>d1 & on ! squ>e occupi$ by ! ,pawn1 :i* is !n remov$4 ,if n1 "s o!r piece mu/ be put ^u ! bo>d z a m>k]2 a ,rook upside d[n1 or a ,pawn ) a r+ on x1 may repres5t a second ,que54 ,,object ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,if all ! pieces c\ld be captur$1 ! object ( ! game might be to cle> ! bo>d ( ! adv]s>y's m51 z 9 ,*eck]s2 b ! peculi>ity ( ,*ess is t "o piece1 ! ,k+1 _c be captur$1 & ! object is to get ! adv]se ,k+ 9 su* a position t he c\ld n escape capture if he 7 a capturable piece4 ,:5 t is accompli%$ ! ,k+ is said to be mat$1 & ! play] :o fir/ succe$s 9 giv+ mate to ! adv]s>y's ,k+ w9s ! game1 reg>dless ( ! numb] or value ( ! pieces ei!r side may h on ! bo>d at ! "t ! mate is accompli%$4 ,:5 an adv]se piece is mov$ s t x c\ld capture ! ,k+ on ! next move1 due notice mu/ be giv5 to ! ?reat5$ ,k+ by ann\nc+ 8,*eck10 & ! play] mu/ imm$iately move 8 ,k+ out ( *eck1 int]pose a piece or a ,pawn1 or capture ! piece t gives ! *eck4 ,if he _c d "o ( ^! ?ree ?+s he is mat$1 & loses ! game4 ,a v simple example ( a mate is giv5 9 ,diagram ,no4 #h4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #h4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,! :ite ,rook has j be5 mov$ d[n to ! edge ( ! bo>d1 giv+ 8*eck40 ,z ! black ,k+ c move only "o squ>e at a "t1 he _c get out ( *eck by mov+1 because ! only squ>es to :i* he c\ld g w\ld /ill leave him 9 *eck f ! ,rook4 ,nei!r ! ,knight nor ! ,bi%op c int]pose to %ut out ! ,rook's attack2 nei!r ( ^? pieces c capture ! ,rook2 & ! ,pawns _c move backw>d2 s ! black ,k+ is mat$1 & ,:ite w9s ! game4 ,a mate may take place 9 ! middle ( ! bo>d1 z %[n 9 ,diagram ,no4 #i4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #i4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,if ! black ,que5 moves diagonally f\r squ>es1 plac+ h]self 9 front ( ! :ite ,k+1 & on ! same horizontal file z ! black ,rook1 x w be *eck-mate1 because ! :ite ,k+ _c get out ( "o *eck into ano!r by tak+ ! ,que51 :i* is protect$ by ! ,rook4 ,= ! same reason he _c move1 z ! only squ>es op5 to him w\ld leave him 9 *eck f ! ,que51 or move him into *eck f ! black ,k+4 ,/alemate4 ,if ! ,k+ is n 9 *eck1 b _c move )\t go+ into *eck1 & !re is no o!r piece = ! play] to move1 x is call$ a /ale-mate1 & ! game is drawn4 ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #aj1 = in/ance1 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #aj4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ! black ,k+ _c move )\t go+ into *eck f ! ,pawn or ! ,k+2 none ( ! black ,pawns c move1 & ,black _c move ! ,rook )\t putt+ 8 own ,k+ 9 *eck1 7f ! ,bi%op17 :i* is n all[$4 ,p]petual ,*eck4 ,if a piece gives *eck to ! adv]se ,k+1 & ! ,k+ moves away1 ! *eck may be repeat$1 & ! ,k+ mu/ move aga91 or int]pose a piece1 or capture ! *eck+ piece4 ,if ! position is su* t no matt] h[ (t5 ! ,k+ moves or is cov]$ he _c get out ( *eck1 & no matt] h[ mu* ! oppos+ pieces move !y _c *eck-mate him1 ! game is drawn by p]petual *eck4 ,diagram ,no4 #aa is an illu/ration ( su* a position4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #aa4 ,,black4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,! only way out ( ! *eck is to int]pose ! ,que51 :]eupon ! :ite ,que5 w move diagonally to ! edge ( ! bo>d & *eck aga91 =c+ ! black ,que5 back :]e %e came f1 & draw+ ! game by p]petual *eck4 ,if ! black ,que5 moves away f ! ,k+1 %e w be captur$1 & ,:ite w give *eck-mate at ! same "t4 ,,notation4 ,! v>i\s moves :i* take place 9 ! c\rse ( a game are record$ by a sy/em ( *ess notation1 ! numb] ( ! move be+ giv5 fir/1 & !n ! pieces mov$ & ! direction ( _! movem5t4 ,! names ( ! pieces !mselves are us$ to di/+ui% ! v>i\s files ( squ>es runn+ v]tically f ! piece itself to ! opposite side ( ! bo>d1 & ! sev5 squ>es 9 front ( ea* piece are numb]$ f #b to #h4 ,no matt] h[ mu* ! pieces may be mov$1 ! v>i\s v]tical files /ill reta9 ! "n ( ! pieces :i* /ood at ! bottom ( !m :5 ! m5 7 fir/ set up4 ,9 *ess notation1 only ! initials ( ! pieces are us$1 ,k /&+ = ,k+1 & ,kt = ,knight4 ,al?\gh ! files be> ! same names1 ! numb]s c\nt f ! side on :i* ! m5 are plac$1 s t ea* squ>e has a d\ble "n1 dep5d+ on ! col\r ( ! man plac$ ^u x4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #ab4 ,,qr ,q,kt,,qb ,q ,k ,,kb ,k,kt,,kr ,black4 ------------------------ #h ------------------------ #g #b ------------------------ #f #c ------------------------ #e #d ------------------------ #d #e ------------------------ #c #f ------------------------ #b #g ------------------------ #h ------------------------ ,:ite4 ,,qr ,q,kt,,qb ,q ,k ,,kb ,k,kt,,kr ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #ab1 = in/ance1 bo? ! ,pawns t h be5 mov$ w\ld be spok5 ( z on ,k #d4 ,! ,knight t has be5 mov$ is on ,k ,b #c1 because x is a :ite ,knight4 ,if x 0 a black ,knight x w\ld be on ,k ,b #f1 reckon+ f ! black side ( ! bo>d = ! black pieces4 ,9 ord] to te/ y\r und]/&+ ( ?is sy/em ( notation1 :i* is v important 9 foll[+ publi%$ games or problems1 take ! bo>d & m51 :ite side next y1 & set up ! foll[+ position1 rememb]+ t :5 no numb] is giv51 ! piece /&s ^u ! squ>e orig9ally occupi$ by ! piece :i* gives its "n to ! file3-- ,black m52--,k+ on ,q ,r's2 ,que5 on ,q ,kt's2 ,pawns on ,q ,r #b1 & ,q ,kt1 #c2 ,rook on ,q ,r #c4 ,:ite m52--,k+ on ,q ,kt #e2 ,que5 on ,q ,b #f4 ,n[ look at ,diagram ,no #aa1 & see if y h x "r4 ,9 addition to ! notation ( position1 !re is t ( action4 ,if a da% is plac$ betwe5 ! initials ( ! piece & ! def9ition ( ! squ>e1 x %[s fir/ ! piece mov$1 & !n ! squ>e to :i* x is mov$4 ,9 ,diagram ,no #aa1 = in/ance1 ,black's only move to cov] ! *eck w\ld be giv53 ,q-,q ,kt #b2 & ,:ite's cont9uation w\ld be giv52 ,q-,k #h4 ,! fir/ ( ^! might be abbreviat$ by say+1 ,q-,kt #b1 because !re is only "o ,kt #b to :i* ! ,que5 c\ld be mov$4 ,! moves ( ! :ite pieces are always giv5 fir/1 ei!r 9 ! left h& ( two v]tical columns1 :i* are head$ 8,:ite10 & 8,black0 respectively2 or above a l9e :i* divides ! :ite move f ! black1 ! latt] =m be+ us$ 9 text-books1 ! =m] 9 newspap]s4 ,! moves 9 ,diagram ,no4 #aa w\ld be z foll[s1 suppos+ ! :ite ,que5 to arrive f ,k#h 9 ! fir/ place3-- ,:ite4 ,black4 #a4 ,q-,b #f1 * ,q-,kt #b ,q-,b #f1 * ,or ?is2 #a4 --------- #b4 ,q-,k #h1 * ,q-,kt's ,q-,kt #b ,:5 ! abbreviation 8*40 is plac$ aft] a move1 x means 8*eck40 ,if x is a mate1 or a drawn game1 or ! play] resigns1 ! ^w foll[s ! move4 ,:5 ! ,k+ ca/les ) ! ,k+'s ,rook1 :i* is ! %ort] move = ! ,rook1 x is indicat$ by ! sign ,o-,o4 ,:5 ! ,k+ is ca/l$ ) ! ,que5's ,rook1 :i* is ! long] move = ! ,rook1 ! sign ,o-,o-,o is us$4 ,a cross1 x1 plac$ aft] ! piece mov$ %[s t x captur$ some?+1 & ! lett]s foll[+ ! cross d n give ! squ>e to :i* ! piece is mov$1 b %[ ! piece t is captur$4 ,k ,b x ,q ,p1 = in/ance1 w\ld mean t ! adv]s>y's ,que5's ,pawn 0 to be tak5 f ! bo>d1 & ! ,k+'s ,bi%op 0 to occupy ! squ>e ^u :i* ! captur$ ,que5's ,pawn _h /ood4 ,beg9n]s usually h "s difficulty 9 foll[+ ! moves ( ! ,knights1 because x frequ5tly happ5s t ! same squ>e c be rea*$ by ei!r ( !m4 ,! ,bi%ops _c be confus$ 9 ?is way1 because !y nev] *ange ! col\r ( ! squ>e !y /& ^u4 ,9 "s sets ( *essm5 ! ,knights are di/+ui%$ by putt+ a small cr[n on ! ,k+'s ,knight1 b ?is is nev] done 9 ! regulation ,/aunton model4 ,! beg9n] w f9d x v conv5i5t1 :5 foll[+ out ! play ( publi%$ games1 to screw (f ! bottom ( "o :ite & "o black ,knight1 & to ex*ange ! bases4 ,! :ite ,k+'s ,knight w !n h a black base1 & ! black ,k+'s ,knight w h a :ite base1 & !y c be easily id5tifi$ at any p]iod ( ! game4 ,,g]man ,,notation4 ,_m ( our /&>d *ess books1 & "s ( ! be/ edit$ *ess columns1 are 9 ,g]man1 & ! /ud5t %\ld be famili> ) ! ,g]man notation1 :i* is mu* simpl] ?an ! ,engli%4 ,! :ite m5 are always consid]$ z ! side ne>] ! play]2 ! v]tical columns are designat$ f left to "r by ! lett]s a b c d e f g h2 & ! horizontal r[s by ! numb]s #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h1 beg9n+ at ! bottom1 or :ite side4 ,! pieces are designat$ by "o capital lett] only1 z foll[s3-- ,k = ,knig1 or ,k+4 ,d = ,dame1 or ,que54 ,t = ,?urm1 or ,rook4 ,l = ,luf]1 or ,bi%op4 ,s = ,spr+]1 or ,knight4 ,! ,pawn is call$ a ,bau]1 b :5 x is mov$ no initial is giv51 simply ! squ>e x comes f4 ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #ab1 = in/ance1 ! ,engli% notation = ! fir/ two moves made by :ite w\ld be3--,p-,k #d1 & ,k ,kt-,b #c1 or1 ,kt-,k ,b #c4 ,! ,g]man notation w\ld be3--e #b-;e #d2 & ,s g #a-;f #c4 ,! move ( ! ,knight1 x w be obs]v$1 gives ! initial ( ! piece & ! squ>e ^u :i* x /&s1 & !n ! squ>e to :i* x is mov$4 ,a capture is indicat$ by ! lett] 8n0 tak+ ! place ( ! da%4 ,if ! :ite ,knight took ! black ,k+'s ,pawn 9 ,diagram ,no4 #ab1 = in/ance1 ! move w\ld be record$3 ,s f #c n e #e1 t is1 ! ,spr+] at f #c 8nimmt0 :atev] x f\nd at e #e4 ,a *eck is indicat$ by a plus sign1 1 foll[+ ! move4 ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #aa1 = in/ance1 ! la/ move ( ! :ite ,que5 w\ld be3 ,d e #h-;c #f 2 & ,black's reply w\ld be3 ,d b #h-;b #g4 ,,! ,,op5+s4 ,"t & exp]i5ce h %[n t x is be/ = ea* play] to adopt c]ta9 conv5tional op5+s1 9 ord] to develop 8 pieces4 ,:ite always has ! advantage1 usually believ$ to be equal to #ee1 c\nt+ drawn games z "o half4 ,?is is because ,:ite c usually take m risks 9 (f]+ a gambit ?an ,black c 9 accept+ x1 & ! be/ judges say t !y w\ld r give a ,knight & take ! :ite pieces1 ?an give ,pawn-&-move & take ! black4 ,gambit is a t]m us$ 9 ,italian wre/l+1 & means t ! adv]s>y is giv5 an app>5t advantage at ! />t1 9 ord] m successfully to trip him up lat] on4 ,!re are a great _m *ess op5+s1 all ( :i* h be5 analys$ z f> z ! t5? move1 includ+ e possible v>iation on ! way4 ,! /ud5t :o wi%es to /udy !m 9 detail %\ld procure ,freebor\gh's 8,*ess ,op5+s10 or ,cook's 8,synopsis40 ,9 ^! works1 if ei!r side has an advantage be=e ! t5? move1 x is indicat$ by a plus sign2 if ! position is equal1 x is s m>k$4 ,9 /udy+ op5+s1 ! /ud5t %\ld be c>eful always to play ) ! w9n+ side next him2 t is1 nev] /udy h[ to play a los+ game4 ,if ! v>iation ends ) a plus sign1 %[+ a w9 = ! :ite1 play x ov] ) ! :ite m5 next y4 ,9 select+ op5+s = g5]al use 9 play1 if x is "o = ! :ite m51 take ^? op5+s t h ! greate/ numb] ( v>iations end+ 9 fav\r ( :ite4 ,! ,ruy ,lopez is a v good op5+ = beg9n]s1 & ! ,evans' ,gambit may be /udi$ lat]4 ,! ,fr5* ,def5ce & ! ,petr(f are good op5+s = ,black4 ,! !ory ( op5+ is to mobilise y\r =ces = ! attack 9 ! fewe/ possible moves4 ,lask] ?9ks six moves %\ld be en\gh = ?is purpose1 & he recomm5ds t only ! ,k+'s & ,que5's ,pawns %\ld be mov$1 aft] :i* ea* piece %\ld be plac$ at once ^u ! squ>e f :i* x c op]ate to ! be/ advantage4 ,he ?9ks ! ,knights %\ld be fir/ br\ght out1 & po/$ at ,b #c1 & !n ! ,k's ,b1 some:]e along 8 own diagonal4 ,! great mi/ake made by beg9n]s is t !y ru% (f to ! attack & try to capture "s ( ! adv]se pieces be=e !y h prop]ly prep>$ !mselves = re-in=cem5t or retreat4 ,x %\ld nev] be =gott5 t ! game is n won by captur+ ! adv]s>y's pieces1 b by *eck-mat+ 8 ,k+4 ,take ! bo>d & pieces1 arrange !m ) ! :ite m5 next y1 & play ov] ! foll[+ simple little game4 ,rememb] t ! figures above ! l9e are = ! :ite m52 ^? bel[ = ! black4 ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,kt-,,qb#c ,b-,b#d #a ---- #b ------ #c ------ #d ----- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#c ,p-,,kr#c ,b-,kt#e ,! ?ird move made by ,black accompli%es no?+1 & is simply a wa/e ( "t4 ,he %\ld h cont9u$ by br++ 8 ,knights into play4 ,8 f\r? move is also a mi/ake2 he %\ld develop ! ,knights be=e ! ,bi%ops4 ,ktx,p ,bx,k,b,p * ,kt-,q#e mate #e ---- #f -------- #g ---------- ,bx,q ,k-,k#b ,on 8 fif? move1 ,black jumps at ! *ance to w9 ,:ite's ,que51 b ?is is n ( ! slighte/ b5efit to him1 because ! object ( ! game is n to w9 ! ,que51 b to mate ! ,k+4 ,at ! sev5? move ! beg9n] w see t ! black ,k+ _c move out ( *eck1 nei!r c he move into *eck by tak+ ! ,bi%op4 ,he has no piece t c capture ! ,knight t gives ! *eck1 & no?+ c be int]pos$1 s he is mat$1 & ,:ite w9s4 ,"h is ano!r simple little game4 ,take ! black pieces ?is "t1 b make ! :ite m5 move fir/1 ( c\rse4 ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,ktx,p #a ---- #b ------ #c ------ ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,kt-,,qb#c ,y don't take ! ,k+'s ,pawn2 x is mu* m important to develop y\r pieces rapidly4 ,ktx,kt ,p-,q#c ,b-,kt#e #d ----- #e ----- #f ----- ,q,px,kt ,b-,,qb#d ,ktx,p ,:ite's six? move is bad1 & y imm$iately take advantage ( x4 ,if he takes y\r ,knight ) 8 ,pawn1 y w take 8 ,k ,b ,p ) y\r ,bi%op1 & say 8,*eck40 ,if he takes ! ,bi%op y w9 8 ,que54 ,if he moves 8 ,k+ y *eck aga9 ) y\r o!r ,bi%op1 :i* w =ce him to take y\r black ,bi%op1 & lose 8 ,que54 ,bx,q ,k-,k#b #g ------ #h ---------- ,bx,p * ,k-,kt#e mate ,if ! beg9n] w exam9e ! position1 he w f9d t !re is no way ( escape = ! ,k+1 & ,black w9s4 ,op5+s are usually divid$ into five pr9cipal classes3 ,^? 9 :i* ! fir/ piece develop$ is ! ,k+'s ,knight2 ^? 9 :i* ! ,k+'s ,bi%op is ! fir/ piece br\ght into play2 ^? 9 :i* a ,gambit is (f]$ on ! second move1 usually a sacrific$ ,pawn2 ^? :i* are call$ ,close op5+s1 secur+ a good def5sive game = ! black pieces2 & ^? :i* are ,irregul>4 ,9 ! foll[+ outl9e ( fifty ( ! op5+s1 only ! fir/ f\r moves are giv51 & usually only "o v>iation is select$1 ! object be+ m to give ! /ud5t an idea ( ! developm5t ?an to exhau/ ! subject4 ,! arrangem5t is alphabetical1 t be+ m conv5i5t 9 a book ( ref]5ce4 ,= ! cont9uations ! /ud5t is recomm5d$ to /udy 8,freebor\gh10 or ! 8,h&bu* des ,s*a*spiels40 ,allgai] ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,,kr#d #a ---- #b ----- #c ------ #d ----- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,p-,k,kt#d ,p-,kt#e ,bod5-,kies]itzky ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,b-,b#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,kt-,b#c #a ---- #b ------ #c ------ #d ----- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,ktx,p ,ktx,kt ,b]l9 ,def5ce3-- ,p-,k#d ,b-,b#d ,q-,k#b ,p-,,qb#c #a ---- #b ------ #c ------ #d ----- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,kt-,,qb#c ,b-,b#d ,blackm> ,gambit3-- ,p-,q#d ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#c ,ktx,p #a ---- #b ------ #c ------ #d ----- ,p-,q#d ,px,p ,px,p ,b-,b#d ,calabrese ,c\nt] ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,b-,b#d ,p-,q#c ,p-,b#d #a ---- #b ----- #c ------ #d ---- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,q#d ,c5tre ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,qx,p ,q-,k#c #a ---- #b ----- #c ------ #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,kt-,,qb#c ,b-,kt#e * ,c5tre ,c\nt] ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,q#d #a ---- #b ----- #c ------ #d ------ ,p-,q#d ,qx,p ,q-,q sq ,kt-,,kb#c ,classical ,def5ce1 to ,k4 ,b4 op5+3-- ,p-,k#d ,b-,b#d ,p-,,qb#c ,p-,q#d #a ---- #b ---- #c ------ #d ---- ,p-,k#d ,b-,b#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,px,p ,cunn+ham ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d #a ---- #b ----- #c ------ #d ------- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,b-,k#b ,b-,r#e * ,co*rane ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d #a ---- #b ----- #c ------ #d ----- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,p-,k,kt#d ,p-,kt#e ,dani% ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,p-,,qb#c ,b-,,qb#d #a ---- #b ----- #c ----- #d ------ ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,px,p ,kt-,,kb#c ,engli% ,op5+3-- ,p-,,qb#d ,p-,b#d ,p-,q#c ,kt-,,qb#c #a ----- #b ---- #c ------ #d ------ ,p-,,qb#d ,p-,b#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,q#c ,evans' ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d ,p-,q,kt#d #a ---- #b ----- #c ---- #d ------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,b-,b#d ,bx,kt,p ,evans' ,gambit ,decl9$3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d ,p-,q,kt#d #a ---- #b ------ #c ---- #d ------ ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,b-,b#d ,b-,kt#c ,fian*etto ,op5+3-- ,p-,k#c ,p-,,qb#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,px,p #a ---- #b ------ #c ------ #d ------ ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,q#d ,ktx,p ,fian*etto ,def5ce3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,b-,q#c ,kt-,k#b #a ------ #b ---- #c ----- #d ------ ,p-,q,kt#c ,p-,k#c ,b-,kt#b ,kt-,,kb#c ,f\r ,knights3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,kt-,b#c ,b-,kt#e #a ---- #b ------ #c ----- #d ------ ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,kt-,b#c ,b-,kt#e ,fr5* ,def5ce3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,b-,k,kt#e #a ---- #b ---- #c ------ #d ------ ,p-,k#c ,p-,q#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,k#b ,f ,gambit3-- ,p-,,kb#d ,px,p ,px,p ,kt-,,kb#c #a ----- #b ----- #c ----- #d ------ ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#c ,bx,p ,kt-,,kb#c ,giuoco ,piano3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d ,p-,b#c #a ---- #b ------ #c ---- #d ----- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,b-,b#d ,kt-,b#c ,greco-,c\nt] ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,ktx,p ,p-,q#d #a ---- #b ------ #c ------ #d ------ ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,q-,b#c ,p-,q#c ,hamppe-,allgai] ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,b#d ,kt-,b#c #a ---- #b ------ #c ----- #d ------ ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,px,p ,p-,k,kt#d ,hung>ian ,def5ce3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d ,p-,q#d #a ---- #b ------ #c ---- #d ------ ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,b-,k#b ,p-,q#c ,irregul> ,op5+s3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,qb#c ,kt-,b#c ,ktx,p #a ---- #b ----- #c ----- #d ------ ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,px,p ,b-,q#c ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,b-,q#c ,p-,,qb#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,q#c ,kt-,,kb#c ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,k#d ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,px,p ,b-,q#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,,qb#c ,p-,q#d ,px,p ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,px,p ,p-,,kb#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,k#d ,ktx,p ,kt-,kt#c ,j]ome ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d ,bx,p * #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,b-,b#d ,kx,b ,kies]itzky ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,,kr#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,p-,k,kt#d ,p-,kt#e ,k+'s ,bi%op's ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,b-,b#d ,k-,b sq #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,q-,r#e * ,b-,b#d ,k+'s ,bi%op's ,pawn ,game3-- ,p-,,kb#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,k#c ,b-,k#b #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#c ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,k#b ,p-,q,kt#c ,k+'s ,knight ,op5+4 ,irregul> ,def5ces3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,ktx,p ,kt-,,kb#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#c ,q-,k#b ,p-,q#d ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,kt-,b#c ,p-,q#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,q-,b#c ,p-,b#c ,px,p ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d ,p-,q#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,b-,q#c ,kt-,,kb#c ,kt-,b#c ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,ktx,p ,p-,q#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,b-,b#d ,q-,k#b ,b-,kt#c ,k+'s ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,p-,q#d ,k-,k#b #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,q-,r#e * ,p-,q#d ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,p-,,kr#d ,px,p #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,p-,q#d ,qx,p ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,p-,k,kt#d ,b-,kt#b ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,p-,,kr#d ,kt-,,kb#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,b-,k#b ,kt-,,kb#c ,k+'s ,gambit ,decl9$3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,px,q,p ,kt-,,qb#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,qx,p ,q-,k#c ,max ,lange's ,attack3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d ,ca/les #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,b-,b#d ,kt-,b#c ,muzio ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,p-,k,kt#d ,p-,kt#e ,petr(f's ,c\nt] ,attack3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,ktx,p ,k-,,kb#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,q#c ,ktx,p ,philidor's ,def5ce3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,q#d ,ktx,p #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#c ,px,p ,p-,q#d ,pi]ce ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,b#d ,kt-,b#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,px,p ,p-,k,kt#d ,que5's ,pawn ,c\nt] ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,px,p ,p-,q#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,b-,q#c ,p-,k#e ,que5's ,gambit3-- ,p-,q#d ,p-,,qb#d ,p-,k#c ,bx,p #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,q#d ,px,p ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,p-,q#d ,p-,,qb#d ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#e #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,q#d ,px,p ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,p-,q#d ,p-,,qb#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,k#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,q#d ,px,p ,p-,k#c ,kt-,,kb#c ,que5's ,pawn ,game3-- ,p-,q#d ,p-,k#c ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,k#b #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,q#d ,p-,k#c ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,k#b ,ruy ,lopez3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,kt#e ,b-,r#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,,qr#c ,kt-,b#c ,salvio ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,px,p ,p-,k,kt#d ,p-,kt#e ,scot* ,game3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,q#d ,ktx,p #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,px,p ,b-,b#d ,sicilian ,def5ce3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,kt-,b#c ,p-,q#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,,qb#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,k#c ,px,p ,/aunton's ,op5+3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,b#c ,p-,q#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,b#d ,p-,q#c ,/e9itz ,gambit3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,,kb#d ,p-,q#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,px,p ,q-,r#e * ,?ree ,knights' ,game3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,kt-,b#c ,p-,q#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,q#c ,px,p ,two ,knights' ,def5ce3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d ,kt-,kt#e #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,kt-,b#c ,p-,q#d ,vi5na ,op5+3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,b#d ,kt-,b#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#d ,b-,b#d ,p-,q#c ,kt-,,kb#c ,zuk]tort's ,op5+3-- ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,q#d ,p-,k#c ,b-,k#b #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d -------- ,p-,k#c ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,q,kt#c ,b-,kt#b ,,games ,,at ,,odds4 ,betwe5 unequal play]s x is a common practice = ! /rong] to give ! weak] "s advantage4 ,v few are able to give a ,que51 or ev5 a ,rook1 b a ,knight is q common1 & "o :o c conc$e a ,knight to ! weake/ play]s 9 a club is usually spok5 ( z1 8a ,knight play]40 ,! mo/ common odds betwe5 ne>ly equal play]s is ,pawn & ,move2 & ) a play] n /rong en\gh to give a ,knight1 ,pawn & ,two ,moves4 ,! ,pawn remov$ 9 ea* in/ance is ,black's ,k ,b ,p1 & ! ,knight is usually ! ,q ,kt4 ,"h are a few examples ( ! op5+s 9 games at odds3-- ,pawn & ,move3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,q-,r#e * ,q-,k#e #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,p-,k#c ,p-,q#d ,p-,k,kt#c ,kt-,,kb#c ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,q#e #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,p-,q#c ,kt-,,kb#c ,kt-,b#c ,kt-,k#d ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,p-,k#e ,b-,q,kt#e #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,q#d ,b-,b#d ,q-,q#b ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,px,p ,p-,,kb#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,kt-,,qb#c ,p-,q#d ,ktx,p ,kt-,b#b ,pawn & ,two ,moves3-- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,b-,q#c ,p-,q#e #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,p-,k#c ,p-,b#d ,p-,q#c ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,p-,,qb#d ,p-,q#e #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,p-,k#c ,p-,b#d ,p-,q#c ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,p-,,kb#d ,b-,q#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,p-,q#c ,p-,k#c ,kt-,k#b ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,p-,q#e ,p-,,kb#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,kt-,,qb#c ,kt-,k#d ,kt-,b#b ,odds ( ,que5's ,knight3-- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,b#c ,px,p ,kt-,k#e #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,p-,k#e ,qx,p ,p-,k#d ,p-,,kb#d ,px,q,p ,kt-,b#c #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,p-,k#d ,p-,q#d ,qx,p ,p-,k#e ,odds ( ,k+'s ,knight3-- ,p-,k#d ,b-,b#d ,kt-,b#c ,p-,q#d #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,p-,k#d ,p-,,qb#c ,kt-,b#c ,p-,q#d ,p-,k#d ,b-,b#b ,p-,q#b #j-j #a ------ #b ------ #c ------- #d ------- ,p-,k#d ,kt-,,kb#c ,b-,b#d #j-j ,9 ord] to give ! /ud5t an idea ( ! value & popul>ity ( ! v>i\s op5+s1 ! foll[+ table ( ! results ( #aejj games may be useful4 ,x is f ! *ess columns ( ! ,new ,york ,sun3-- ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,,fir/ ,,total ,,p] ,,c5t4,,p] ,,c5t4 ,,op5+s4 ,,play]4 ,,play$4 ,,won ,,by ,,total -------------- ,,fir/ ,,games ,,won4,,lo/4,,drew4 ,,play]4 ,,play$4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,ruy ,lopez #ade #ajc #eh #cjf #eg #bj ,que5's ,pawn7a7 #ig #fc #ci #aii #dh #ac ,fr5* ,def5ce #hd #dh #ci #aga #fj #aa ,vi5na #dg #cd #ae #if #eg #f ,sicilian ,def5ce #dj #bi #aj #gi #eg #e ,k+'s ,gambit #cf #cb #aa #gi #eb #e ,giuoco ,piano #cf #cb #aj #gh #eb #e ,evans #cd #bj #ab #ff #fa #d ,irregul> #bi #ca #ad #gd #di #e ,scot* #bb #bf #i #eg #dg #d ,zuk]tort #bc #ag #aa #ea #ef #c ,two ,knights ,def5ce #af #bj #aj #df #df #c ,/aunton's #ai #ae #e #ci #ee #c ,fian*etto #ac #ad #b #bi #dh #b ,petr(f ,def5ce #ae #i #c #bg #fa #b ,c5tre ,gambit7b7 #aa #aa #d #bf #ej #b ,philidor ,def5ce #h #i #c #bj #dg #a ,miscellane\s #bb #bi #f #eg #dd #d ---------------------------------------- ,total #fig #edb #bfa #aejj ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,! fir/ play] won #ee4b p] c5t4 ( games play$1 c\nt+ drawn games z "o-half4 7a74 ,includes ,que5's ,gambits & ,que5's ,gambits decl9$4 7b74 ,includes ,c5tre & ,c\nt] ,c5tre ,gambits4 ,,! ,,middle ,,game4 ,aft] a little exp]i5ce ) op5+s1 ! play] w usually select "o or two :i* he feels t he c h&le bett] ?an o!rs1 & w make a specialty ( !m4 ,hav+ ma/]$ a numb] ( v>iations1 & le>n$ ! object ( !m 9 =m+ 8 pieces = attack or def5ce1 he w naturally be l$ to ! /udy ( ! middle game4 ,9 ?is !re are a few g5]al pr9ciples :i* %\ld be /eadily kept 9 view4 ,= attack1 ! play] %\ld secure comm& ( a wide range ( ! bo>d2 b = def5ce he %\ld conc5trate 8 =ces z mu* z possible4 ,he %\ld be c>eful n to get 8 pieces 9 "o ano!r's way1 & n to leave pieces :]e !y c be attack$ & driv5 back by inf]ior pieces1 because t entails a loss ( valuable "t4 ,a play] %\ld nev] ex*ange a man 9 active s]vice = "o t is do+ no?+4 ,if sev]al l9es ( play are op51 ! "o (f]+ ! mo/ num]\s good cont9uations %\ld be select$4 ,:5 a play] is n ready = attack1 he %\ld develop 8 pieces1 & rememb] t ! m ( !m he c get to be> on ! enemy's ,k+1 ! bett]4 ,support+ pieces %\ld be plac$ :]e !y are n easily attack$1 because good play]s attack ! supports fir/1 s z to isolate ! advance gu>d4 ,beg9n]s are usually 9 too great a hurry to give *eck2 ! be/ play]s d n *eck until !y are ready to foll[ x up ) a mate1 or a w9n+ position1 or c ga9 "t 9 develop+ _! pieces4 ,,end ,,games4 ,!re are c]ta9 positions 9 :i* app>5tly equal games are n necess>ily drawn1 & !re are o!rs 9 :i* a play] ) a decid$ advantage _c w91 )9 ! fifty moves :i* are all[$ him1 unless he kn[s exactly h[ to proce$4 ,if a play] is n well up 9 end+s he may lose _m a game :i* c\ld be won if he only knew h[ to w9 x4 ,! foll[+ games may be ab&on$ z drawn3-- ,k+ & ,bi%op aga9/ a ,k+4 ,k+ & ,knight aga9/ a ,k+4 ,k+ & two ,knights aga9/ a ,k+4 ,k+ & ,que5 aga9/ two ,rooks4 ,k+ & ,que5 aga9/ ,k+ & two ,bi%ops4 ,k+ & ,rook aga9/ ,k+1 ,rook & ,pawn4 ,k+ & ,rook aga9/ ,k+ & ,bi%op4 ,k+ & ,rook aga9/ ,k+ & ,knight4 ,k+ & ,rook aga9/ ,k+1 ,rook & ,bi%op4 ,! foll[+ games c be won3-- ,k+ & ,que51 or ,k+ & ,rook1 aga9/ a ,k+4 ,k+ & ,que5 aga9/ ,k+ & ,rook4 ,k+ & ,que5 aga9/ ,k+ & ,bi%op4 ,k+ & ,que5 aga9/ ,k+ & ,knight4 ,k+ & ,que5 aga9/ ,k+ & ,pawn4 ,k+ & two ,rooks aga9/ ,k+ & ,rook4 ,k+ & two ,bi%ops aga9/ a ,k+4 ,k+ ,bi%op & ,knight aga9/ a ,k+4 ,9 ord] to ma/] all ^! end+s1 ! /ud5t %\ld take up ,/aunton's ,h&book1 or ! ,lehrbu* des ,s*a*spiels1 9 :i* !y are giv5 v fully4 ,= ! beg9n] only "o or two ( ! mo/ common & important are necess>y4 ,k & ,q1 or ,k & ,r1 aga9/ ,k4 ,all t is necess>y is to drive ! ,k+ to ! edge ( ! bo>d1 :i* may be done by hold+ him bel[ a c]ta9 p>allel ) ! ,q or ,r1 & !n gett+ y\r own ,k+ 9 front ( him2 a *eck w !n drive him "o l9e fur!r back1 & :5 he arrives at ! edge ( ! bo>d1 & c no long] g back1 he is mat$4 ,k & ,q aga9/ ,k & ,r4 ,freebor\gh has devot$ an entire volume to ?is end+1 :i* may be v mu* prolong$ by a skilful play]4 ,! object is to drive ! ,k+ to ! edge ( ! bo>d1 & !n to get ! ,rook 9 su* a position t x mu/ be sacrific$ to save ! mate1 or t ! mate c be accompli%$ ) ! ,rook on ! bo>d4 ,! play] ) ! ,que5 mu/ be on 8 gu>d aga9/ /ale-mate 9 ?is end+4 ,k & ,q aga9/ ,k & ,b1 ,k & ,kt1 or ,k & ,p4 ,?is is easy en\gh = ! ,que5 if ! play] is c>eful to avoid /ale-mate4 ,k & two ,r's aga9/ ,k & ,r4 ,?is c be won easily by =c+ an ex*ange ( ,rooks4 ,k & two ,b's aga9/ ,k4 ,9 ?is position ! ,k+ mu/ be rul$ (f into a corn] by gett+ ! ,bi%ops toge!r1 protect$ by _! ,k+4 ,/>t ) ! m5 9 ! foll[+ position3-- ,black ,k on 8 own squ>e4 ,:ite ,k+ on ,k ,b #f2 :ite ,bi%ops on ,k ,b #d & ,k ,b #e4 ,:ite to move & w94 ,! mate c be accompli%$ 9 six moves1 z foll[s3-- ,b-,b#g ,b-,q#g ,k-,kt#f #a --------- #b -------- #c --------- ,k-,b sq ,k-,kt sq ,k-,b sq ,b-,q#f * ,b-,k#f * ,b-,k#e mate #d --------- #e -------- #f --------- ,k-,kt sq ,k-,r sq ,k1 ,b & ,kt aga9/ ,k4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ difficult end+s = a beg9n]1 b is v in/ructive1 & %\ld be c>efully /udi$4 ,set up ! m5 z foll[s3-- ,black ,k+ on ,k ,r sq4 ,:ite ,k+ on ,k ,b #f1 :ite ,bi%op on ,k ,b #e1 & :ite ,knight on ,k ,kt #e2 ,:ite to move & w94 ,! object is to drive ! ,k+ into a corn] ( ! bo>d :i* is comm&$ by ! ,bi%op1 z he _c o!rwise be mat$4 ,kt-,b#g * ,b-,k#d ,b-,r#g ,kt-,k#e #a --------- #b -------- #c --------- #d -------- ,k-,kt sq ,k-,b sq ,k-,k sq ,k-,b sq ,kt-,q#g * ,k-,k#f ,k-,q#f ,b-,k#f * #e --------- #f -------- #g --------- #h -------- ,k-,k sq ,k-,q sq ,k-,k sq ,k-,q sq ,k-,b#f ,b-,b#g ,kt-,kt#g * ,k-,b#f #i --------- #aj --------- #aa --------- #ab -------- ,k-,b sq ,k-,q sq ,k-,b sq ,k-,kt sq ,k-,kt#f ,b-,k#f * ,kt-,b#e ,b-,q#g #ac --------- #ad --------- #ae --------- #af -------- ,k-,b sq ,k-,kt sq ,k-,r sq ,k-,kt sq ,kt-,r#f * ,b-,b#f mate #ag --------- #ah --------- ,k-,r sq ,if1 at ! f\r? move1 ! black ,k+ does n g back to ! ,bi%op's squ>e1 b goes on to ! ,que5's squ>e1 hop+ to cut across to ! o!r black corn] ( ! bo>d1 ! cont9uation w be z foll[s1 beg9n+ at ,:ite's fif? move3-- ,k-,k#f ,kt-,q#g ,b-,q#c ,b-,kt#e #e --------- #f --------- #g --------- #h -------- ,k-,b#b ,k-,b#c ,k-,b#b ,k-,q sq ,kt-,k#e ,kt-,b#d ,k-,q#f ,kt-,r#e #i --------- #aj --------- #aa --------- #ab -------- ,k-,b#b ,k-,q sq ,k-,b sq ,k-,q sq ,kt-,kt#g * ,k-,b#f ,kt-,q#f ,k-,b#g #ac --------- #ad --------- #ae --------- #af -------- ,k-,b sq ,k-,kt sq ,k-,r#b ,k-,r sq ,b-,b#d ,kt-,b#h * ,b-,q#e mate #ag --------- #ah --------- #ai --------- ,k-,r#b ,k-,r sq ,,pawn ,,end+s4 ,!re are a great numb] ( ^!1 _m be+ complicat$ by ! addition ( ,pawns to o!r pieces4 ,! foll[+ example1 :i* is a position t (t5 occurs1 %\ld be und]/ood by ! beg9n]3-- ,put ! black ,k+ on ,k ,b squ>e2 ! :ite ,k+ on ,k ,b #f1 & a :ite ,pawn on ,k #f4 ,if x is ,black's move1 ,:ite c w9 easily2 b if x is ,:ite's move x is impossible to w91 because :e!r he *ecks or n ! black ,k+ gets 9 front ( ! ,pawn & ei!r w9s x or secures a /ale-mate4 ,put ! ,pawn beh9d ! ,k+1 on ,k ,b #e1 & ,:ite w9s1 no matt] :i* moves fir/1 = if ,black moves he all[s ! :ite ,k+ to advance to ! sev5? file1 :i* w que5 ! ,pawn4 ,if ,:ite moves fir/1 & ! black ,k+ keeps opposite him1 ! ,pawn advances4 ,if ,black goes 9 ! o!r direction1 ! :ite ,k+ goes to ! sev5? file & w9s by que5+ ! ,pawn4 ,if ! :ite ,k+ & ,pawn are bo? mov$ "o squ>e fur!r back1 ! ,k+ on ,k ,b #e1 & ! ,pawn on ,k ,b #d4 ! w9 w dep5d on ! move4 ,if x is ,:ite's move he c w9 by advanc+ ! ,k+2 b if x is ,black's move he c draw by keep+ 8 ,k+ always opposite ! :ite ,k+4 ,if ! ,pawn advances1 he w get 9 front ( x1 & if ! ,k+ is aft]w>d advanc$1 he w get 9 front ( x2 w9n+ ! ,pawn or secur+ a /ale-mate4 ,,! ,,knight',s ,,t\r4 ,ow+ to ! peculi>ity ( ! ,knight's move1 _m p]sons h amus$ !mselves 9 try+ to cov] ! entire *ess bo>d ) a ,knight1 t\*+ ! same squ>e once only1 & return+ to ! />t+-po9t aga94 ,!re are sev]al ways ( do+ ?is1 "o ( ! simple/ be+ ! foll[+3-- ,illu/ration3 ---------------- #adbicdeeabbgbddi ---------------- #ceefacbhccejaabf ---------------- #cjaeedeaehbedhbc ---------------- #dacfegcbfaebfcaj ---------------- #afcadjecfdeibbdg ---------------- #cgdb #afjaifb #i #f ---------------- #bagddci #d #gdfba ---------------- #dcch #cahdebj #e #h ---------------- ,,text ,,books4 ,among ! v l>ge numb] ( works on ,*ess !re is abundant room = *oice1 b ! foll[+ works are consid]$ /&>d au?orities on ! game3-- ,freebor\gh's ,*ess ,op5+s1 #ahif4 ,cook's ,synopsis4 ,m9or ,tactics ( ,*ess1 by ,"y & ,h[ell4 ,mod]n ,*ess ,in/ructor1 by ,w4 ,/e9itz4 ,common ,s5se 9 ,*ess1 by ,e4 ,lask]4 ,walk]'s ,treatise on ,*ess1 #ahda4 ,h&bu* des ,s*a*spiels4 ,lehrbu* des ,s*a*spiels1 by ,j4 ,dufresne4 ,teoria e ,practica del ,giuoco degli ,s*ac*i4 ,briti% ,*ess ,magaz9e4 ,*ess ,play]'s ,*ronicle4 ,*ess ,mon?ly4 ,we/m9/] ,pap]s1 #ahfh to #ahgi4 ,( ^! works1 8,m9or ,tactics0 w be f\nd mo/ useful to ! beg9n]1 z x simplifies ! op5+s by gr\p+ !m1 & conc5trates ! att5tion on ! ess5tial po9ts ( *ess /rategy4 ,,code ,,( ,,*ess ,,laws4 ,,adopt$ ,,by ,,! ,,fif? ,,am]ican ,,*ess ,,congress4 ,def9itions ( ,t]ms ,us$4 ,:5ev] ! ^w 8,umpire0 is us$ h]e91 x /&s = any ,committee hav+ *>ge ( ,mat*es or ,t\rnam5ts1 ) p[] to det]m9e que/ions ( *ess-law & rules2 or = any duly appo9t$ ,ref]ee1 or ,umpire2 = ! by/&]s1 :5 prop]ly appeal$ to2 or = any p]son1 pres5t or abs5t1 to :om may be ref]r$ any disput$ que/ions2 or = any o!r au?ority :omsoev] hav+ p[] to det]m9e su* que/ions4 ,:5 ! ^w 8move0 is us$ x is und]/ood to mean a legal move or a move to be legally made accord+ to ^! laws4 ,:5 ! ^w 8man0 or 8m50 is us$1 x is und]/ood t x embraces bo? ,pieces & ,pawns4 ,! ,*ess-,bo>d & ,m54 ,! ,*ess-bo>d mu/ be plac$ ) a :ite squ>e at ! "r-h& corn]4 ,if ! ,*ess-bo>d be wrongly plac$1 x _c be *ang$ dur+ ! game 9 progress aft] a move %all h be5 made by ea* play]1 provid$ ! m5 7 correctly plac$ ^u ! bo>d at ! beg9n+1 i4e41 ! ,que5s ^u _! own col\rs4 ,a defici5cy 9 numb]1 or a misplacem5t ( ! m51 at ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 :5 discov]$1 annuls ! game4 ,! field ( ! ,/&>d ,*ess-bo>d %all be tw5ty-two in*es squ>e4 ,! ,/&>d ,*ess-m5 %all be ( ! improv$ ,/aunton ,club size & patt]n4 ,fir/ ,move & ,col\r4 ,! "r ( fir/ move mu/ be det]m9$ by lot4 ,! play] hav+ ! fir/ move mu/ always play ) ! :ite m54 ,! "r ( move %all alt]nate1 :e!r ! game be won1 lo/ or drawn4 ,! game is legally begun :5 ea* play] %all h made 8 fir/ move4 ,:5ev] a game %all be annull$1 ! p>ty hav+ ! move 9 t game %all h x 9 ! next game4 ,an annull$ game mu/ be consid]$1 9 e respect1 ! same z if x _h nev] be5 begun4 ,concessions4 ,! concession ( an indulg5ce by "o play] does n give him ! "r ( a simil>1 or o!r1 indulg5ce f 8 oppon5t4 ,errors4 ,if1 dur+ ! c\rse ( ! game1 x be discov]$ t any error or illegality has be5 committ$1 ! moves mu/ be retrac$ & ! necess>y correction made1 )\t p5alty4 ,if ! moves _c be correctly retrac$1 ! game mu/ be annull$4 ,if a man be dropp$ f ! bo>d & moves made dur+ its abs5ce1 su* moves mu/ be retrac$ & ! man re/or$4 ,if ?is _c be done1 to ! satisfaction ( ! ,umpire1 ! game mu/ be annull$4 ,ca/l+4 ,! ,k+ c be ,ca/l$ only3 ,:5 nei!r ! ,k+ nor ! ,ca/l+ ,rook has be5 mov$1 & ,:5 ! ,k+ is n 9 *eck1 & ,:5 all ! squ>es betwe5 ! ,k+ & ,rook are unoccupi$1 & ,:5 no ho/ile man attacks ! squ>e on :i* ! ,k+ is to be plac$1 or ! squ>e he crosses4 ,9 ,ca/l+1 ! ,k+ mu/ be fir/ mov$4 ,! p5alty ( mov+ ! ,k+ prohibits ,ca/l+4 ,en ,passant4 ,tak+ ! ,pawn 8en passant10 :5 ! only possible move1 is compulsory4 ,que5+ ! ,pawn4 ,a pawn rea*+ ! eigh? squ>e mu/ be at once ex*ang$ = any piece 7except ! ,k+7 t ! play] ( ! ,pawn may elect4 ,*eck4 ,a play] falsely ann\nc+ 8*eck10 mu/ retract ! move ^u :i* ! ann\ncem5t 0 bas$ & make "s o!r move1 or ! move made mu/ /& at ! option ( ! oppon5t4 ,no p5alty c be en=c$ = any (f5ce committ$ aga9/ ^! rules 9 consequ5ce ( a false ann\ncem5t ( 8*eck10 nor 9 consequ5ce ( ! omission ( su* ann\ncem5t1 :5 legal 8*eck0 be giv54 8,j'ad\be40 8,j'ad\be10 8,i adju/10 or words to t effect1 _c protect a play] f any ( ! p5alties impos$ by ^! laws1 unless ! man or m5 t\*$1 obvi\sly ne$ adju/m5t1 & unless su* notification be di/9ctly utt]$ be=e ! man1 or m51 be t\*$1 & only ! play] ^: turn x is to move is all[$ s to adju/4 ,! h& hav+ once quitt$ ! man1 b = an in/ant1 ! move mu/ /&4 ,m5 ov]turn$ or displac$ accid5tally may be replac$ by ei!r play]1 )\t notice4 ,a wilful displacem5t1 or ov]turn+ ( any ( ! m51 =feits ! game4 ,p5alties4 ,p5alties c be en=c$ only at ! "t an (f5ce is committ$1 & be=e any move is made !reaft]4 ,a play] t\*+ "o ( 8 m51 :5 x is 8 turn to play1 mu/ move x4 ,if x _c be mov$ he mu/ move 8 ,k+4 ,if ! ,k+ _c move1 no p5alty c be en=c$4 ,= play+ two moves 9 succession1 ! adv]s>y may elect :i* move %all /&4 ,= t\*+ an adv]s>y's man1 :5 x _c be captur$1 ! (f5d] mu/ move 8 ,k+4 ,if ! ,k+ _c move1 no o!r p5alty c be en=c$4 ,b if ! man t\*$ c be legally tak51 x mu/ be captur$4 ,= play+ a man to a squ>e to :i* x _c be legally mov$1 ! adv]s>y1 at 8 option1 may require him to move ! man legally1 or to move ! ,k+4 ,= illegally captur+ an adv]s>y's man1 ! (f5d] mu/ move 8 ,k+1 or legally capture ! man1 z 8 oppon5t may elect4 ,= attempt+ to ,ca/le illegally1 ! play] do+ s mu/ move ei!r ! ,k+ or ,rook1 z 8 adv]s>y may dictate4 ,= t\*+ m ?an "o ( ! play]'s own m51 he mu/ move ei!r man t 8 oppon5t may "n4 ,= t\*+ m ?an "o ( ! adv]s>y's m51 ! (f5d] mu/ capture ! "o nam$ by 8 oppon5t1 or if ei!r _c be captur$1 he may be requir$ to move ! ,k+ or capture ! man :i* c be tak51 at ! adv]s>y's option2 or1 if nei!r c be captur$1 !n ! ,k+ mu/ be mov$4 ,a play] mov+ into *eck may be requir$1 by ! oppos+ play]1 ei!r to move ! ,k+ else:]e1 or replace ! ,k+ & make "s o!r move--b su* o!r move %all n be select$ by ! play] impos+ ! p5alty4 ,= discov]+ *eck on 8 own ,k+1 ! play] mu/ ei!r legally move ! man t\*$1 or move ! ,k+ at 8 adv]s>y's option4 ,9 case nei!r move c be made1 !re %all be no p5alty4 ,:ile 9 *eck1 = t\*+ or mov+ a man :i* does n cov] ! *eck1 ! play] may be requir$ to cov] ) ano!r piece1 or move ! ,k+1 z ! oppos+ play] may elect4 ,t\*+ ! ,squ>es4 ,:ile ! h& rema9s ^u a man1 x may be mov$ to any squ>e t x comm&s1 except su* squ>es z may h be5 t\*$ by x dur+ ! delib]ation on ! move2 b if all ! squ>es :i* x comm&s h be5 s t\*$1 !n ! man mu/ be play$ to su* ( ! squ>es z ! adv]s>y may elect4 ,c\nt+ ,fifty ,moves4 ,if1 at any p]iod dur+ a game1 ei!r play] p]si/ 9 repeat+ a p>ticul> *eck1 or s]ies ( *ecks1 or p]si/ 9 repeat+ any p>ticul> l9e ( play :i* does n advance ! game2 or if 8a game-end+0 be ( d\btful "* z to its be+ a w9 or a draw1 or if a w9 be possible1 b ! skill to =ce ! game que/ionable1 !n ei!r play] may dem& judgm5t ( ! ,umpire z to its be+ a prop] game to be det]m9$ z drawn at ! end ( fifty additional moves1 on ea* side2 or ! "q3 8,is1 or is n ! game a draw80 may be1 by mutual cons5t ( ! play]s1 submitt$ to ! ,umpire at any "t4 ,! decision ( ! ,umpire1 9 ei!r case1 to be f9al4 ,& :5ev] fifty moves are dem&$ & accord$1 ! p>ty dem&+ x may1 :5 ! fifty moves h be5 made1 claim ! "r to g on ) ! game1 & !reupon ! o!r p>ty may claim ! fifty move rule1 at ! end ( :i*1 unless mate be effect$1 ! game %all be decid$ a draw4 ,/ale-,mate4 ,a /ale-mate is a drawn game4 ,"t ,limit4 ,! p5alty = exce$+ ! "t limit is ! =feiture ( ! game4 ,x %all be ! duty ( ea* play]1 z soon z 8 move be made1 to /op 8 own regi/] ( "t & />t t ( 8 oppon5t1 :e!r ! "t be tak5 by clocks1 s&-glasses1 or o!rwise4 ,no compla9t respect+ an adv]s>y's "t c be consid]$1 unless ?is rule be /rictly compli$ )4 ,b no?+ h]e9 is int5d$ to affect ! p5alty = exce$+ ! "t limit z regi/]$4 ,ab&on+ ! ,game4 ,if ei!r play] ab&on ! game by quitt+ ! table 9 ang]1 or 9 any o!rwise (f5sive mann]2 or by mom5t>ily resign+ ! game2 or refuses to abide by ! decision ( ! ,umpire1 ! game mu/ be scor$ aga9/ him4 ,if a play] abs5t himself f ! table1 or manife/ly ceases to consid] 8 game1 :5 x is 8 turn to move1 ! "t s consum$ %all1 9 e case1 be regi/]$ aga9/ him4 ,di/urbance4 ,any play] wilfully di/urb+ 8 adv]s>y %all be admoni%$2 & if su* di/urbance be repeat$1 ! game %all be decl>$ lo/ by ! play] s (f5d+1 provid$ ! play] di/urb$ !n appeals to ! ,umpire4 ,! ,umpire4 ,x is ! duty ( ! ,umpire to det]m9e all que/ions submitt$ to him accord+ to ^! laws1 :5 !y apply1 & accord+ to 8 be/ judgm5t :5 !y d n apply4 ,no deviation f ^! laws c be p]mitt$ by an ,umpire1 ev5 by mutual or g5]al cons5t ( ! play]s1 aft] a mat* or t\rnam5t %all h be5 comm5c$4 ,! decision ( ! ,umpire is f9al1 & b9ds bo? & all ! play]s4 ,,rules ,,= ,,play+ ,,! ,,game ,,at ,,odds4 ,i4 ,9 games :]e "o play] gives ! odds ( a piece1 or 8! ex*ange10 or all[s 8 oppon5t to c\nt drawn games z won1 or agrees to *eck-mate ) a p>ticul> man1 or on a p>ticul> squ>e1 he has ! "r to *oose ! m51 & to move fir/1 unless an arrangem5t to ! contr>y is agre$ to betwe5 ! combatants4 ,,ii4 ,:5 ! odds ( ,pawn & "o move1 or ,pawn & m ?an "o move are giv51 ! ,pawn giv5 mu/ be ! ,k+'s ,bi%op's ,pawn :5 n o!rwise previ\sly agre$ on4 ,,iii4 ,:5 a play] gives ! odds ( 8 ,k+'s or ,que5's ,rook1 he mu/ n ,ca/le 7or m prop]ly speak+ leap 8 ,k+7 on ! side f :i* ! ,rook is remov$1 unless be=e comm5c+ ! game or mat* he /ipulates to h ! privilege ( s do+4 ,,iv4 ,:5 a play] und]takes to give *eck-mate ) "o ( 8 ,pawns1 or ) a p>ticul> ,pawn1 ! said ,pawn mu/ n be conv]t$ into a piece4 ,v4 ,:5 a play] accepts ! odds ( two or m moves1 he mu/ n play any man beyond ! f\r? squ>e1 i4e41 he mu/ n cross ! middle l9e ( ! bo>d1 be=e 8 adv]s>y makes 8 fir/ move4 ,su* sev]al moves are to be collectively consid]$ z ! fir/ move ( ! play] accept+ ! odds4 ,,vi4 ,9 ! odds ( *eck-mat+ on a p>ticul> squ>e x mu/ be ! squ>e occupi$ by ! ,k+ mat$1 n by ! man giv+ ! mate4 ,,vii4 ,! play] :o und]takes to w9 9 a p>ticul> mann]1 & ei!r draws ! game1 or w9s 9 "s o!r mann]1 mu/ be adjudg$ to be ! los]4 ,9 all o!r respects1 ! play 9 games at odds mu/ be gov]n$ by ! regulations be=e laid d[n4 ,,rules ,,= ,,play+ ,,correspond5ce ,,& ,,consultation ,,games4 ,i4 ,9 play+ a game by correspond5ce or 9 consultation1 ! two p>ties %all always agree be=eh& 9 writ+ or o!rwise z to ! p]sons :o are to take "p 9 ! conte/1 z to ! "t & mode ( transmitt+ ! moves1 z to ! p5alties to be inflict$ = any brea* ( ! contract1 & z to ! umpire or ref]ee4 ,,ii4 ,9 games ( ?is description ea* p>ty is b\nd by ! move dispat*$2 & 9 ?is connection ! ^w move ref]s to :at is intelligibly writt51 or deliv]$ viva voce4 ,9 any game ! ann\ncem5t ( a move :i* does n include ! actual transf] ( a man f "o squ>e to ano!r1 %all be consid]$ z a move n intelligibly describ$ )9 ! mean+ ( ?is section4 ,,iii4 ,ea* p>ty mu/ be b\nd by ! move communicat$ 9 writ+1 or by ^w ( m\?1 to ! adv]s>y :e!r or n x be made on ! adv]s>y's bo>d4 ,if ! move s communicat$ %\ld prove to be diff]5t f t actually made on ! p>ty's own bo>d1 ! latt] mu/ be alt]$ to accord ) ! =m]4 ,,iv4 ,if ei!r p>ty be detect$ 9 mov+ ! m5 :5 x is n _! turn to play1 or 9 mov+ m ?an "o man 7except 9 ca/l+7 :5 x is _! turn to play1 !y %all =feit ! game1 unless !y c %[ t ! man 0 mov$ = ! purpose ( adju/+ or replac+ x4 ,v4 ,if ei!r p>ty has1 accid5tally or o!rwise1 remov$ a man f ! bo>d1 :i* has n be5 captur$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! game1 & made c]ta9 moves "u ! impression t su* man 0 no long] 9 play1 ! moves mu/ /&1 b ! man may be replac$ :5ev] ! error is discov]$4 ,,vi4 ,if ei!r p>ty p]mit a by/&] to take "p 9 ! conte/1 t p>ty %all =feit ! game4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! =ego+ laws diff] v slightly f ^? ( ! ,briti% ,*ess ,association1 & x is to be hop$ t an int]national code w be agre$ ^u be=e a second edition ( ?is "w is issu$4 ,,*eck]s1 ,,or ,,draughts4 ,! ,bo>d4 ,*eck]s is play$ ^u a bo>d :i* is n m ?an sixte51 nor less ?an f\rte5 in*es squ>e1 & is divid$ into sixty-f\r small] squ>es ( equal size4 ,^! squ>es are ( diff]5t col\rs1 alt]nately light & d>k1 & ! bo>d mu/ be s plac$ t ea* play] %all h a light squ>e at 8 "r on ! side ne>] him4 ,! ,m54 ,ea* play] is provid$ ) twelve m51 :i* are circul> 9 =m1 "o in* 9 diamet]1 & ?ree eigh?s ?ick4 ,! m5 on "o side are r$ or black2 ^? on ! o!r :ite or yell[4 ,! m5 mu/ be plac$ on ! black squ>es4 ,diagrams4 ,= conv5i5ce 9 illu/rat+ games & problems ! m5 are always %[n z plac$ on ! :ite squ>es1 type made 9 t mann] be+ m easily read4 ,! foll[+ diagram w %[ ! prop] arrangem5t ( ! m5 at ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 if ! :ite squ>es are suppos$ to be black ones3-- ,illu/ration3 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,two ,move ,re/riction4 ,x has lately become ! cu/om 9 important t\rnam5ts to write an op5+ & second move1 su* z #aj-ad1 #bb-ag on a slip ( pap]2 #aj-ad1 #bd-ai on ano!r1 & s on = all possible op5+s4 ,^! are plac$ 9 a hat & :5 ! play]s face ea* o!r1 a slip is drawn4 ,if x is #aa-ae1 #bb-ah1 ! game mu/ be op5$ ) ^? moves4 ,:5 ^! play]s />t ! second game1 ! "o :o 0 second play] on ! fir/ game beg9s ) #aa-ae1 & 8 oppon5t mu/ play #bb-ah4 ,! same op5+ is nev] aga9 us$ by ! same pair1 ! object be+ to div]sify ! play & drive conte/ants out ( _! fav\rite ruts4 ,! ,play]s are designat$ by ! col\r ( ! m5 ) :i* !y play1 ,:ite or ,black1 & ,black always has ! fir/ move4 ,9 a s]ies ( games ea* play] 9 turn takes ! black m5 & ! move4 ,x is usual to draw = ! fir/ game1 "o play] conceal+ 9 ea* h& a man ( diff]5t col\r1 & (f]+ ! *oice ( h&s to 8 adv]s>y4 ,:i*ev] col\r ! *os5 h& conta9s ! *oos] mu/ take = ! fir/ game4 ,! ,moves4 ,! m5 nev] leave ! col\r ( ! squ>es on :i* !y are orig9ally set up1 s t !y always move diagonally4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! game ! m5 move only "o squ>e at a "t1 & always =w>d1 & c be plac$ only on squ>es :i* are unoccupi$4 ,if an adv]se piece /&s ^u a squ>e to :i* a man might be mov$1 & !re is a vacant squ>e beyond1 ! man mu/ jump ov] ! adv]se piece to ! unoccupi$ squ>e1 at ! same "t remov+ f ! bo>d ! piece s jump$ ov]4 ,9 ! position %[n 9 ,diagram ,no4 #a1 = in/ance1 x be+ ,:ite's turn to move1 he mu/ jump ov] ! black man1 remov+ x f ! bo>d4 ,black w !n h a *oice ( two jumps1 ov] "o man or ov] two1 & w ( c\rse select ! jump t[>d ! "r ( ! bo>d fir/1 & !n ov] ! second man1 remov+ bo? f ! bo>d4 ,a man may jump ov] & capture sev]al m5 at "o move1 provid$ !re are vacant squ>es betwe5 !m1 & beyond ! la/ man4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #a4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,huff+4 ,if a play] :o c capture a piece neglects to d s1 8 adv]s>y has ! *oice ( ?ree ?+s3--,to compel ! play] to take back 8 move & capture ! piece2 to huff 7remove f ! bo>d17 ! man t %\ld h captur$ ! piece2 or to let ! move /&1 & g on ) 8 own move4 ,a huff does n con/itute a move2 ! piece is simply remov$ f ! bo>d z a p5alty1 b ! p5alty mu/ be en=c$ be=e ! play] exact+ x makes 8 own move4 ,k+s4 ,:5 a man arrives at any ( ! f\r squ>es on ! edge ( ! bo>d f>!/ f ! side on :i* he />t$1 he becomes a ,k+1 & is cr[n$ by putt+ ano!r man ( ! same col\r on ! top ( him4 ,9 diagrams1 k+s are di/+ui%$ by putt+ a r+ r\nd ! s+le man4 4 ,k+s c move ei!r backw>d or =w>d1 b only "o squ>e at a "t4 ,if a man arrives at ! k+-r[ by captur+ an adv]se piece1 t ends ! move1 & ! newly made k+ _c move aga91 ev5 to capture ano!r piece1 until 8 adv]s>y has mov$4 ,see notes to ,diagram ,no4 #g4 ,! ,object ( ! ,game is to conf9e y\r adv]s>y's pieces s t he _c move any ( !m2 or to capture all ( !m1 s t he has none to move4 ,y may succe$ 9 conf9+ ! :ole twelve ( y\r adv]s>y's m51 )\t captur+ any ( !m1 z 9 ,diagram ,no4 #b2 or su* z are left on ! bo>d aft] a c]ta9 numb] h be5 captur$1 z 9 ,diagram ,no4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #b4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,:ite to ,move4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #c4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,:ite to ,move4 ,diagram ,no4 #b is ! end+ ( our ,illu/rative ,game ,no4 #g4 ,9 ,no4 #c1 ,:ite gives away a man1 bottl+ up ! ?ree black m51 & !n cat*es ! o!r black man4 ,9 bo? ^! examples x w !n be ,black's move1 & z he _c move1 ,:ite w9s4 ,notation4 ,! v>i\s moves :i* take place 9 ! c\rse ( a game are record$ by giv+ ea* squ>e on ! bo>d a numb]1 & putt+ d[n ! numb] ( ! squ>e ! man is mov$ f1 & ! "o x is mov$ to4 ,only ^? squ>es ^u :i* ! m5 /& are numb]$1 & ! black m5 are always suppos$ to be orig9ally plac$ ^u ! l[] numb]s1 f #a to #ab2 ! :ite m5 be+ plac$ ^u ! squ>es numb]$ f #ba to #cb4 ,diagrams ,nos4 #d & #e %[ ! me?od ( numb]+ ! bo>d1 & ! m5 plac$ 9 position4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #d4 ------------------------ #a #b #c #d ------------------------ #e #f #g #h ------------------------ #i #aj #aa #ab ------------------------ #ac #ad #ae #af ------------------------ #ag #ah #ai #bj ------------------------ #ba #bb #bc #bd ------------------------ #be #bf #bg #bh ------------------------ #bi #cj #ca #cb ------------------------ ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #e4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,9 *eck] notation ! numb] ( ! move is nev] giv51 z x is 9 ,*ess4 ,! moves ( ! black m5 are di/+ui%$ f ^? ( ! :ite m5 by be+ hyph5at$1 b !re are no m>ks to %[ :5 pieces are captur$4 ,lett]s or figures 9 ! m>g9s are us$ to ref] to possible v>iations 9 ! play4 ,op5+s4 ,!re are a numb] ( /&>d op5+s 9 ,*eck]s :i* are =m$ by ! prelim9>y moves on ea* side4 ,^! op5+s are kn[n by v>i\s fanciful names1 de> to all *eck]-play]s4 ,9 ! foll[+ li/ !y are arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord] = conv5i5ce 9 ref]5ce4 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,,ayr%ire ,,alma4 ,,lassie4 ,,bri/ol4 ,,c5tre4 ,,cross4 ,,defiance4 ,,d5ny4 #aa-ae #aa-ae #aa-af #aa-ae #aa-ae #aa-ae #aj-ad #bc #ai #bd #bj #bd #bj #bc #ai #bc #ah #bc #ai #h-aa #h-aa #af-ai #h-aa #i-ad #bb #ag #bb #ag #bg #bc #c- #h #ae-ah ,,d\ble ,,dyke4 ,,corn]4 ,,dundee4 ,,ed9burg4 ,,fife4 ,,glasg[4 ,,kelso4 #aa-ae #i-ad #ab-af #i-ac #aa-ae #aa-ae #aj-ae #bb #ag #bc #ai #bc #ai #ae-ai #i-ad #h-aa #bb #ag #bb #ag #e- #i #aa-af ,,second ,,laird ,,maid ,,( ,,old ,,d\ble ,,s+le ,,& ,,lady4,,! ,,mill4 #ad,,?4 ,,paisley4 ,,corn]4 ,,corn]4 ,,s\t]4 #aa-ae #aa-ae #aa-ae #aa-af #aa-ae #aa-ae #aa-ae #bc #ai #bb #ag #bc #ai #bd #ai #bd #ai #bb #ah #bc #ai #h-aa #h-aa #h-aa #i-ad #bb #ag #ag #ac #bb #ag #bb #ag #i-ac #ae-ah #d- #h #f- #i ,,w ,o' ,,:ite ,,swit*]4,,:ilt]4 ,,! ,,wisp4 ,,dyke4 ,,irregul> ,,op5+s4 #aa-ae #aa-ae #aa-ae #aa-ae #aa-ae #aa-ae #aj-ae #ba #ag #bc #ai #bc #ai #bb #ag #bb #ag #bc #ai #bb #ah #i-ad #i-ac #h-aa #h-aa #h-aa #ae-bb #bb #ag #ag #ad #be #bb #bb #ag #be #ah #g-aa ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,! ,middle ,game4 ,! be/ way = ! /ud5t to le>n ! mann] 9 :i* ! v>i\s op5+s are foll[$ up1 is to play ov] illu/rative games1 & 9 do+ s he %\ld be c>eful always to play ) ! w9n+ side next him4 ,9 select+ op5+s1 take ^? t %[ ! greate/ numb] ( w9s = ! side y propose to play4 ,9 all *eck] books !re are m>ks at ! foot ( ! column to %[ :i* side has an advantage1 if any exi/s1 at ! end ( ea* v>iation4 ,! ,alma1 = in/ance1 %[s a great _m m w9n+ v>iations = ! black m5 ?an = ! :ite1 & is consequ5tly "o ( ! be/ op5+s = ,black4 ,any p]son :o plays correctly c always be sure ( avoid+ defeat2 t is1 no "o c beat him if he makes no slips1 & ! wor/ he c get is a draw4 ,x is a common error to suppose t ! fir/ move is an advantage4 ,see ,illu/rative ,game ,no4 #g4 ,! /rategy ( ! game consi/s 9 s deploy+ y\r m5 t allur+ op5+s are left = y\r adv]s>y4 ,^! op5+s are always pitfalls ( ! mo/ dang]\s "*1 & :5ev] y ?9k a good play] has made a mi/ake & left y a *ance1 y %\ld exam9e ! position ) great c>e1 or y w probably walk into a trap4 ,! fir/ ( ! example games giv5 9 ?is "w is a case 9 po9t4 ,:ite's move1 #bg #bd1 is app>5tly ! be/ possible1 yet x imm$iately & hopelessly loses ! game4 ,sometimes ^! traps are set v e>ly 9 ! op5+1 & sometimes aft] ! pieces h be5 pretty well develop$4 ,!re are _m cases 9 :i* a good play] may take advantage ( ! weakness ( an adv]s>y by mak+ moves :i* are really los+ moves1 & :i* w\ld lead to imm$iate defeat if he 7 oppos$ by an exp]t4 ,b if he feels t 8 adv]s>y is n skilful en\gh to take advantage ( ^! los+ moves1 a w9n+ position may sometimes be rapidly obta9$ by dep>t+ f ! regul> developm5t ( ! op5+4 ,! beg9n] %\ld be satisfi$ ) le>n+ only "o or two =ms ( ! op5+s1 committ+ to memory z _m v>iations z possible4 ,:5 he meets ) a l9e ( play t beats him1 he %\ld /udy out ! v>iation 9 8 text books1 & see at :at po9t he made ! los+ move4 ,to be p]fect 9 any "o op5+ a p]son mu/ "k at lea/ five hundr$ v>iations by he>t2 b if he f9ds himself caught 9 a v>iation :i* he does n rememb]1 or has nev] le>n$1 he %\ld tru/ to good judgm5t r ?an to defective memory4 ,! ,end ,game usually resolves itself into "o ( f\r well-kn[n positions4 ,^! f\r positions are ^? 9 :i* !re is a w9 = "o side or ! o!r ow+ to ! peculi> position occupi$ by ! oppos+ =ces1 al?\gh !y may be num]ically equal4 ,e *eck] play] mu/ "k ^! f\r positions ?or\ghly1 or he may ab&on _m a game z drawn :i* he c\ld w91 & may lose _m a game :i* he c\ld draw4 ,^! f\r positions are "h giv5 z !y are usually f\nd 9 ! books1 b ! play] mu/ be able to recognize at once any position :i* resembles !m1 or c be made to lead up to !m4 ,! /ud5t w f9d _m games m>k$ z 8won0 9 :i* he _c see any w9n+ position unless he is famili> ) ! f\r end+s4 ,! exp]t /rives to ex*ange 8 m5 s z to br+ ab\t "o ( ^! positions1 aft] :i* he kn[s he has a won game1 al?\gh 8 less skilful adv]s>y may be unconsci\s ( 8 advantage4 ,illu/ration3 ,fir/ ,position4 ,black to move & w94 ,,:ite4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,,black4 ,illu/ration3 ,second ,position4 ,black to move & w94 ,,:ite4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,,black4 ,illu/ration3 ,?ird ,position4 ,ei!r to move2 ,:ite to w94 ,,:ite4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,,black4 ,illu/ration3 ,f\r? ,position4 ,black to play & w94 ,:ite to play & draw4 ,,:ite4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,,black4 ,! fir/ position is "o ( ! mo/ common end+s on ! *eck] bo>d1 & %\ld be v ?or\ghly und]/ood4 ,! lett]s 9 ! m>g9 ref] to ! v>iations4 ,!re are a great _m m9or v>iations1 = :i* ! /ud5t mu/ be ref]r$ to ,janvi]'s ,&]son1 page #bfe4 ,fir/ ,position4 #bg-cb #h #aa #cb-bg #aa #g #bg-bc #g #aj #bb-bf ,a #aj #f #bf-ca #f #i #ca-bf #i #f #bf-bb #f #aj #bc-ah #aj #f #ah-ad #f #a #bb-ah #a #f #ah-ae #f #a #ae-aj #a #e #aj- #f #e #a #ad-ac #a #e #f- #a #e #i #a- #e #i #ac #aj-ad #ac #i #ad-ah #i #f #ah-ae #cj #be #ae-ah #f #aj #e- #a #be #ba #a- #e #aj #f #ah-ae #ba #ag #e- #a #f #i #ae-ah #ag #ac #ah-ae #i #ad #a- #e #ad #ag #ae-aj #ag #bb #aj-ad #bb #be #e- #a #be #bb #a- #f #bb #be #f-aj #be #bb #aj-ae #bb #be #ae-ah #be #ba ,b w9s ------ ,v> ,a4 #cj #be #bc-ah #aj #f #ah-ad #f #a #bf-cj #be #ba #cj-be #a #e #be-bb #e #a #bb-ah #a #e #ah-ae #e #a #ae-aj #a #e #aj- #f #e #a #ad-aj #a #e #f- #a #e #i #aj-ae ,b #i #e #ae-ah #e #i #a- #e #i #f #ah-ae #ba #ag #e- #a #f #i #ae-ah #i #e #ah-bb #ag #ad #a- #f #e #a #f- #b #a #e #bb-ag #ad #i ,b w9s ------ ,v> ,b4 #i #ad #a- #e #ba #ag #e- #a #ag #ac #a- #e #ad #ag #ae-aj ,b w9s ,second ,position4 #a- #e #h #aa #e- #i #aa #ae #i-ad #ae #aa #ad-ah #aa #af #ah-ae #af #bj #ae-aa #bj #bd #c- #g #bd #ai #g-aj #ai #bc #aj-ae #bc #bg #ae-ai #bg #cb #ai-bd #cb #bh #bd-bg #bh #cb #bg-ca #cb #bh #ca-bg #bh #cb #bg-bc #cb #bh #bc-ah #bh #bd #ah-ad #bd #ai #f-aj #ai #bc #aj-ae #bc #bg #ae-ai #bg #cb #ai-bd #cb #bh #bd-bg #bh #bd #bg-cb #bd #bh #cb-bg #bh #cb #bg-bd #cb #bh #bd-ai #bh #cb #ai-ae #cb #bh #ae-aj #bh #bd #aj- #f #bd #ai #ad-aj #ai #bd #aj-ae #bd #bh #ae-ai #bh #cb #ai-bd #cb #bh #aa-af #bh #ai #af-bc #ab #h #bc-ah #h #d #ah-ad #d #h #f- #a #h #aa #ad- #i #ac #f #a-aj #aa #af #aj-ae #af #bj #ae-ai ,b w9s ,?ird ,position4 ,:ite to move #ah #ae ,a #f- #a #ad #i #bd-bh #bc #ai #a- #e #i #f ,b #bh-cb #ai #bd #e- #a #bd #ai ,w w9s ----- ,v> ,a4 #bd-bh #bc #bg #f- #a #ad #aj #bh-cb #bg #bd #a- #e #aj #f ,w w9s ------ ,v> ,b4 #e- #a #f #aj ,w w9s ------ ,black to move #f- #a #ah #ae ,c #a- #f #ad #aj #f- #i #bc #ai #bd-bg #ae #ah ,d #bg-cb #ai #bd #i- #e #aj #ad #cb-bh #bd #bg ,w w9s ------ ,v> ,c4 #a- #e #ad #aj #bd-bh #bc #ai #bh-cb #ae #ah #cb-bg #aj #f #bg-cb #ai #bc #e- #a #f #i ,w w9s ------ ,v> ,d4 #i- #e #aj #f #bg-cb #ai #bc #e- #a #f #i #cb-bh #bc #bg ,w w9s ,f\r? ,position4 ,black to play #bh-bd #cb #bh #bd-bj #bh #cb #bb-ah #ca #bg #bc-ai #bg #ca #ai-bd #cb #bg #bd-bh #bg #cb #ah-bb #ca #bg #bb-bf #cj #bc #bh-bd ,b w9s ----- ,:ite to play #ca #bg #bc-ai #bg #ca #ai-bd #cb #bg #bd-bj #bg #cb #bb-ah #ca #bg #bh-bd #bg #ca #ah-bc #ca #bf ,drawn ,traps4 ,! beg9n] %\ld be on 8 gu>d aga9/ be+ caught1 8two = "o10 especially 9 su* positions z ^? %[n 9 ,diagrams ,nos4 #f & #g4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #f4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #g4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,9 ,no4 #f1 ,:ite w play #ai #af1 =c+ y to jump1 & w !n play #bg #bc1 =c+ y to jump aga94 ,9 ,no4 #g1 ,:ite w play #cj #bf1 mak+ y\r man a ,k+4 ,he w !n play #cb #bh1 & wait = y\r newly made ,k+ to jump4 ,?is w give him ?ree ( y\r m51 & he w cat* ! o!r be=e x gets to ! k+ r[4 ,ano!r common =m ( trap is to get a play] into su* a position 9 ! end game1 :5 he has only "o or two m51 t he _c get to ! k+ r[ )\t be+ caught2 sometimes because he is driv5 to ! side ( ! bo>d by ! man foll[+ him1 & sometimes because ! man meet+ him c head him (f4 ,! adv]s>y c d ?is only :5 he has 8! move40 ,!ory ( ! ,move4 ,:5 ! position is su* t y w be able to =ce y\r adv]s>y into a situation f :i* he _c escape )\t sacrific+ a piece or los+ ! game1 y are said to h ! move2 & if he does n *ange x by captur+ "o ( y\r m5 he mu/ lose ! game4 ,z ! move is (t5 ( ! greate/ importance 9 ! end game1 e *eck]-play] %\ld und]/& its !ory1 s t he may "k :5 x is necess>y to make an ex*ange ( m5 9 ord] to secure ! move1 & :5 he %\ld avoid an ex*ange :i* w\ld lose x4 ,! move is only important :5 ! numb] ( m5 on ea* side is equal4 ,9 ord] to calculate ! move1 ! bo>d is suppos$ to be divid$ into two sy/ems ( squ>es1 sixte5 9 ea*4 ,! fir/ sy/em is =m$ by ! f\r v]tical r[s runn+ f y\r own side ( ! bo>d1 z %[n by ! dott$ l9es 9 ,diagram ,no4 #h4 ,! second sy/em runs f y\r adv]s>y's side ( ! bo>d1 z %[n 9 ,diagram ,no4 #i4 ,,fir/ ,,sy/em4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #h4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- ,,second ,,sy/em4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #i4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- ,9 ord] to asc]ta9 if y h ! move :5 x is y\r turn to play1 add toge!r all ! m51 bo? black & :ite1 9 "o ( ! sy/ems1 tak+ no notice ( ^? 9 ! o!r sy/em1 & if ! numb] is odd1 y h ! move4 ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #aj1 = in/ance1 if y h ! black m51 & x is y\r turn to play1 y w f9d ?ree m5 on y\r own sy/em1 & !re=e y h ! move1 & mu/ w9 by play+ #aj-ae4 ,:5 ,:ite moves1 !re w aga9 be an odd numb] ( m5 on y\r sy/em1 & y w /ill h ! move1 & he mu/ sacrifice bo? 8 m54 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #aj4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- 4 4 4 -4-----4-----4-----4---- ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #aa4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- 4 4 4 4 ----4-----4-----4-----4- ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #aa1 if y c\nt up ! m5 on ei!r y\r own or y\r adv]s>y's sy/em1 y w f9d t ! numb] is ev51 & z y h n ! move y %\ld =ce an ex*ange imm$iately1 :i* w give x to y1 & w9 ! game4 ,e s+le ex*ange ( man = man *anges ! move :5 only "o ( ! captur+ pieces rema9s on ! bo>d1 & ! foll[+ rule is giv5 = asc]ta9+ h[ propos$ ex*anges 9 complicat$ positions w affect ! move3--,! captur+ pieces ( bo? black & :ite 9 bo? sy/ems mu/ fir/ be add$ toge!r1 & if ! numb] agrees--9 ! matt] ( be+ odd or ev5--) t ( ! numb] ( captur$ pieces 9 ea* sy/em1 ! move w n be *ang$2 b if "o numb] s f\nd is odd1 & ! o!r is ev51 ! move w be *ang$4 ,,illu/rative ,,games4 ,! a/]isk %[s ! los+ move4 ---------------------------------------- -------------- ,play ) ,black ,m54 ,play ) ,:ite ,m54 ---------------------------------------- --------- #a #b #c #d #e #f #g ---------------------------------------- --------- #aa-ae #aa-ae #aj-ae #aa-ae #aa-ae #aa-ae #aj-ae #bb #ah #bc #ai #bb #ah #bd #bj #bb #ah #bc #ai #bc #ah #ae-bb #h-aa #ae-bb #h-aa #ae-bb #h-aa #ab-af #be #ah #bb #ag #be #ah #bh #bd #be #ah #bf #bc #ba #ag #h-aa #c- #h #f-aj #d- #h #h-aa #d- #h #af-ai #bi #be 99#ag #ad #bi #be #bc #ai #bi #be #cj #bf #ag #ad #d- #h #i-ah #aj-ae 99 #i-ac #d- #h 99 #i-ac #i-ac #bd #bj #ba #ag 99#be #bb #bj #af #bd #bj #ai #af #bd #bj #aj-ae #ah-bb #ae-ai #aa-bj #aj-ae #ab-ai #h-ab #be #bb #be #ah #bc #af #bb #ag #be #bb #bc #af #be #ba #ab-af #ae-bb #ab-ai #ac-bb 99 #i-ac #aa-bj #ab-af 99#bg #bd #bf #bc #bd #ae #be #d #bj #af #bb #ag #ba #ag #ae-ai #e- #i #i-ad ,w w9s4 #ab-ai #ac-bb #d- #h #bd #ae #ag #ac #ah #i #bc #af #be #d #bi #be #af-ai #aa-ae #aa-be #aa-bj ,w w9s4 #f- #i #bc #af #bc #ah ,b w9s4 #ah #d #bg #bd #i-ad #a- #e ,w w9s4 #a- #f #ah #i #ah #aa #cb #bg #aa-be #g-bc #f-aj #bh #bd #bg #ah #bg #bc #e-ad #i-ad #h-ab #bd #ai #ah #i #be #ba #f-aj #e-ad #b- #f ,b w9s4,b w9s4 #ca #bg #c- #h #cj #be ,w w9s4 ---------------------------------------- --------- ,,los+ ,,game4 ,9 ?is v>iety ( ,draughts1 ! object is to give away all y\r m5 be=e y\r adv]s>y c give away 81 or to block y\rself s t y _c move4 ,! secret ( success 9 ,los+ ,game is to get y\r m5 on su* squ>es t !y _c be made to jump to ! k+ r[4 ,^! squ>es w be ! r[ next y on y\r own side ( ! bo>d1 & e second r[ f t1 horizontally4 ,get y\r m5 on ^? squ>es z soon z possible1 & d n be 9 too great a hurry to capture y\r adv]s>y's m54 ,,poli% ,,draughts4 ,al?\gh int5d$ = a special bo>d ( #ajj squ>es ?is game c be play$ on a common *eck] bo>d4 ,x diff]s f ord9>y draughts 9 two p>ticul>s3 ,al?\gh ! m5 c move only =w>d1 !y c take backw>d1 & ,k+s c g any di/ance at "o move4 ,if 9 tak+ a piece1 a man arrives at ! k+ r[1 t does n end ! move if he c capture ano!r piece by jump+ backw>d out ( ! k+ r[ aga94 ,z ?is br+s him away f ! k+ r[ be=e ! move is complete1 he w n be a k+ until he c get to ! k+ r[ at ! end ( a move4 ,k+s c g any numb] ( squ>es 9 a /raight l9e1 & c capture any piece :i* is on ! diagonal1 n protect$ by ano!r piece beh9d x4 ,k+s c also g on = any numb] ( squ>es beyond ! captur$ piece1 & !n turn a corn] to capture ano!r piece4 ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #ab1 = in/ance1 ! black ,k+ c\ld capture all six ( ! :ite m5 by go+ ov] ! fir/ "o only1 & !n turn+ to ! left1 & cont9u+ to turn to ! left aft] e capture1 z %[n by ! squ>es ) ! numb]s on !m1 :i* indicate 8 five successive turn+-po9ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #ab4 ------------------------ #e ------------------------ ------------------------ #a ------------------------ #d ------------------------ ------------------------ #b ------------------------ ------------------------ #c ------------------------ ,,devil ,,among ,,! ,,tailors4 ,?is is h>dly a v>iation ( ! game ( ,draughts1 al?\gh x is play$ on a *eck] bo>d4 ,f\r :ite m51 ! tailors1 are plac$ ^u #bi #cj #ca & #cb2 & "o black man1 ! devil1 on #a4 ,! m5 c move only "o squ>e at a "t1 diagonally2 ! :ite m5 =w>d only1 ! black man =w>d or backw>d4 ,!re is no jump+ or captur+1 & ! object ( ! tailors is to p9 ! devil 91 s t he _c move4 ,if ! black man c rea* ! free c\ntry beh9d ! :ite m51 he w9s ! game4 ,! game is a c]ta9ty = ! :ite m5 if prop]ly play$4 ,at ! end ( f\r moves !y %\ld be l9$ up on squ>es #be1 #bf1 #bg1 #bh & :i*ev] end ! devil attacks1 ! tailors %\ld move 9 f ! o!r end4 ,!re are two critical positions4 ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #ac4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,illu/ration3 ,no4 #ad4 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #ac1 if ,:ite moves #bd #ai he loses1 because ,black goes to #aa1 & z ! tailors advance to head him (f1 he goes back to #ae & #ah1 & !n gets r\nd by go+ to #ad4 ,:ite's prop] play is #bb #ah1 aft] :i* #bf #bb w re=m 8 l9e4 ,9 ,diagram ,no4 #ad1 if ,:ite moves #bf #bb1 or #ai #ae1 he loses imm$iately4 ,9 ! fir/ case ,black w run to #ae & #aa1 & ei!r get r\nd or d\ble back to #ah4 ,9 ! second case ,black w get r\nd by way ( #g1 or get ?r\gh4 ,,*eck] ,,laws4 #a4 ,! ,/&>d bo>d mu/ be ( light & d>k squ>es1 n less ?an f\rte5 in*es nor m ?an fifte5 in*es across said squ>es4 #b4 ,! bo>d %all be s plac$ t ! bottom corn] squ>e1 on ! left h&1 %all be black4 #c4 ,! ,/&>d m51 te*nically describ$ z ,:ite & ,black1 mu/ be light & d>k 7say :ite & r$1 or yell[ & black71 turn$1 & r\nd1 n less ?an "o in*1 nor m ?an #a in*es 9 diamet]4 #d4 ,! m5 %all be plac$ on ! black squ>es4 #e4 ,! black m5 %all inv>iably be plac$ ^u ! real or suppos$ fir/ twelve squ>es ( ! bo>d2 ! :ite ^u ! la/ twelve squ>es4 #f4 ,ea* play] %all play alt]nately ) ! :ite & black m51 & lots %all be ca/ = ! col\r only once1 viz41 at ! beg9n+ ( ! play--! w9n] to h 8 *oice ( tak+ black or :ite4 #g4 ,! fir/ play mu/ inv>iably be made by ! p]son hav+ ! black m54 #h4 ,at ! end ( five m9utes if ! play has n be5 previ\sly made1 8,"t0 mu/ be call$ by ! p]son appo9t$ = t purpose1 9 a di/9ct mann]2 & if ! play is n complet$ 9 ano!r m9ute1 ! game %all be adjudg$ lo/ ?r\gh improp] delay4 #i4 ,:5 !re is only "o way ( tak+ "o or m pieces1 "t %all be call$ at ! end ( "o m9ute1 & if ! play is n complet$ 9 ano!r m9ute1 ! game %all be adjudg$ lo/ ?r\gh improp] delay4 #aj4 ,ei!r play] is entitl$1 on giv+ intimation1 to arrange 8 own or 8 oppon5t's pieces prop]ly on ! squ>es4 ,aft] ! fir/ move has be5 made1 h[ev]1 if ei!r play] t\* or arrange any piece )\t giv+ intimation to 8 oppon5t1 he %all be caution$ = ! fir/ (f5ce1 & %all =feit ! game = any subsequ5t act ( ! k9d4 #aa4 ,aft] ! pieces h be5 arrang$1 if ! p]son ^: turn x is to play t\* "o1 he mu/ ei!r play x or =feit ! game4 ,:5 ! piece is n playable1 he =feits accord+ to ! prec$+ law4 #ab4 ,if any "p ( a playable piece is mov$ ov] an angle ( ! squ>e on :i* x is /ation$1 ! move mu/ be complet$ 9 t direction4 #ac4 ,a captur+ play1 z well z an ord9>y "o1 is complet$ :5ev] ! h& has be5 )drawn f ! piece play$1 al?\gh "o or m pieces %\ld h be5 tak54 #ad4 ,! ,huff or ,bl[ is to remove f ! bo>d1 be=e "o plays 8 own piece1 any "o ( ! adv]se pieces t might or ought to h tak5 b ! ,huff or ,bl[ nev] con/itutes a play4 #ae4 ,! play] has ! p[] to huff1 compel ! capture1 or let ! piece rema9 on ! bo>d1 z he ?9ks prop]4 #af4 ,:5 a man fir/ rea*es any ( ! squ>es on ! opposite extreme l9e ( ! bo>d1 x becomes a ,k+1 & c be mov$ backw>d or =w>d z ! limits ( ! bo>d p]mit1 ?\gh n 9 ! same play4 ,! adv]s>y mu/ cr[n ! new ,k+1 by plac+ a captur$ man on ! top ( x1 be=e he makes 8 own move4 #ag4 ,a play] mak+ a false or improp] move =feits ! game to 8 oppon5t4 #ah4 ,:5 tak+1 if ei!r play] removes "o ( 8 own pieces1 he _c replace x2 b 8 oppon5t c ei!r play or insi/ on ! man be+ replac$4 #ai4 ,a ,draw is :5 nei!r ( ! play]s c =ce a ,w94 ,:5 "o ( ! sides appe>s /rong] ?an ! o!r1 ! /rong] is requir$ to complete ! ,w91 or to %[ a decid$ advantage ov] 8 oppon5t )9 =ty ( 8 own moves--to be c\nt$ f ! po9t at :i* notice 0 giv51--fail+ :i*1 ! game mu/ be ab&on$ at ,drawn4 #bj4 ,any?+ :i* may annoy or di/ract ! att5tion ( ! play] is /rictly =bidd52 su* z mak+ signs or s\nds1 po9t+ or hov]+ ov] ! bo>d1 unnecess>ily delay+ to move a piece t\*$1 or smok+4 ,any pr9cipal s act+1 aft] hav+ be5 w>n$ ( ! consequ5ce & reque/$ to desi/1 %all =feit ! game4 #ba4 ,:ile a game is p5d+1 nei!r play] is p]mitt$ to leave ! room )\t giv+ a suffici5t reason1 or receiv+ ! o!r's cons5t or company4 #bb4 ,a play] committ+ a brea* ( any ( ^! laws mu/ submit to ! p5alty1 :i* 8 oppon5t is equally b\nd to exact4 #bc4 ,any spectator giv+ w>n+1 ei!r by sign1 s\nd1 or rem>k1 on any ( ! games1 :e!r play$ or p5d+1 %all be expell$ f ! room4 #bd4 ,%\ld any dispute occur1 n satisfactorily det]m9$ by ! prec$+ laws1 a writt5 /atem5t ( facts mu/ be s5t to a dis9t]e/$ arbit] hav+ a k ( ! game1 ^: decision %all be f9al4 ,,text ,,books4 ,spay?'s ,*eck]s = ,beg9n]s4 ,game ( ,draughts1 ,john ,rob]tson4 ,janvi]'s ,&]son4 ,b[5's ,bri/ol4 ,b[5's ,cross4 ,b[5's ,fife4 ,e4,t4 ,bak]'s ,alma4 ,scatt]good's ,game ( ,draughts4 ,lyman's ,select$ ,problems4 ,backgammon & ,draughts1 by ,b]keley4 ,&]son's ,*eck]s4 ,dunne's ,draught ,proxis4 ,ke>'s ,/urges4 ,,backgammon4 ,,or ,,tric-,,trac4 ,backgammon is play$ by two p]sons1 ea* ( :om is provid$ ) fifte5 m51 two dice1 & a dice-box4 ,! m5 on ea* side are ( diff]5t col\rs1 black & :ite1 & ! play]s are di/+ui%$ by ! col\r ( ! m5 ) :i* !y play4 ,! bo>d is divid$ into two tables1 inn] & out]1 & at ! beg9n+ ( ! game ! m5 may be set up 9 ei!r ( ! positions %[n 9 ! diagram4 ,illu/ration3 ------------ ------------ ,,light ,,inn] ,,out] ,,out] ,,inn] ,,light ------------ ------------ ,x w be obs]v$ t ! black m5 on any po9t h exactly ! same numb] ( :ite m5 /&+ opposite !m4 ,9 "o table !re are only two ^u "o po9t1 & 9 ! o!r !re are only ?ree ^u "o po9t4 ,! table ) ! two m5 is always ! inn] table :ile ! "o ) ?ree is always ! out] table4 ,?is di/9ction is important1 & may be rememb]$ by obs]v+ t ! numb] ( lett]s 9 ! words 9 & out are two & ?ree respectively4 ,9 sett+ up ! m5 ! inn] table is always plac$ t[>d ! light1 :e!r x be a w9d[ or ! gas4 ,ea* play] mu/ always h ! majority ( 8 m51 five & ?ree1 on ! side ne>] him2 & ! m9ority1 five & two1 on ! side f>!r f him4 ,! side ( ! inn] table :i* is ne>] ! play] w always be 8 home table4 ,9 all ! illu/rations 9 ?is "w y are suppos$ to be play+ ) ! black side next y1 & ) y\r inn] or home table on y\r left h&4 ,! rais$ portion or h+e ( ! bo>d1 :i* divides ! inn] f ! out] tables1 is kn[n z ! b>1 & ! po9ts1 or fl*es1 9 ea* play]'s home table are numb]$ f #a to #f1 reckon+ f ! out] edge t[>d ! b>4 ,^! six po9ts are spok5 ( z ! ,ace1 ,deuce1 ,trey1 ,f\r1 ,five & ,six po9ts respectively1 & !y correspond to ! six faces on a s+le die4 ,! po9ts 9 ! out] tables h no numb]s1 b ! "o next ! b> on ea* side is call$ ! b> po9t4 ,9 giv+ ! moves ( ! m5 9 a game1 ! names ( ! six po9ts 9 ! home tables are disreg>d$1 & ea* play]1 ,black & ,:ite1 numb]s ! bo>d f #a to #bd1 />t+ f ! squ>e on :i* he has only two m54 ,! notation = ! black moves w\ld be z %[n 9 ! m>g92 t = :ite be+ exactly opposite1 ( c\rse4 ,illu/ration3 ------------------------------------ #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj #aa #ab #bd #bc #bb #ba #bj #ai #ah #ag #af #ae #ad #ac ------------------------------------ ,! m5 on ea* side are always mov$ 9 ! direction ( _! notation numb]s4 ,9 all ! foll[+ illu/rations ! black m5 move r\nd ! bo>d f "r to left1 l ! h&s ( a clock1 :ile ! :ite m5 g 9 ! opposite direction2 s t ! two oppos+ =ces are cont9ually meet+ & pass+1 l ! p 9 ! /reet4 ,! ,object ( ! ,game is = ea* play] to move 8 m5 f po9t to po9t 9 ord] to get !m all into 8 home table4 ,x does n matt] :at "p ( ! home table !y rea*1 s t !y get across ! b>4 ,! m5 are mov$ accord+ to ! ?r[s ( ! dice1 ea* play] 9 turn hav+ a ?r[ & a move4 ,aft] ! m5 on ei!r side are all home1 !y are tak5 (f ! bo>d accord+ to ! ?r[s ( ! dice1 & ! play] :o is ! fir/ to get all 8 m5 (f ! bo>d 9 ?is mann] w9s ! game4 ,if ea* play] has tak5 (f "s ( 8 m51 ! play] gett+ all 8 (f fir/ w9s a hit1 :i* c\nts z a s+le game4 ,if "o play] gets (f all 8 m5 be=e 8 adv]s>y has ?r[n (f a s+le man1 x is a gammon1 & c\nts z a d\ble game4 ,if ! los] has n only tak5 (f none ( 8 m51 b has "o or m m5 left on ! side ( ! bo>d f>!r f him :5 8 adv]s>y ?r[s (f 8 la/ man1 x is a backgammon1 & c\nts z a triple game4 ,9 ,am]ica1 gammons & backgammons are seldom play$1 e game be+ simply a hit4 ,?is spoils "s ( ! f9e po9ts ( ! game1 & entirely alt]s ! tactics ( ! play]s1 z w be se5 :5 we come to ! sugge/ions = good play4 ,! ,dice4 ,al?\gh x is usual = ea* play] to be provid$ ) two dice1 "s play]s insi/ on ! same pair be+ us$ by ea* play] alt]nately2 ! claim be+ t luck w !n run m ev5ly4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! game ea* play] makes a ca/1 ei!r ) "o die or ) two1 z may be agre$1 & ! high] ?r[ has ! fir/ play4 ,9 "s clubs ! play] mak+ ! high] ?r[ is all[$ ! option ( play+ ! fir/ ca/1 or ( ?r[+ aga92 b ! g5]al practice is to insi/ t ! fir/ ca/ is simply = ! privilege ( play+ fir/1 & t ! dice mu/ be ca/ aga9 = ! fir/ move4 ,aft] ea* ?r[ ! dice mu/ fall )9 ! bord]s ( ! table on ! ca/]'s "r1 & ea* die mu/ re/ fairly & squ>ely on "o ( its faces4 ,if x is cock$ aga9/ a man1 ! edge ( ! bo>d1 or ! o!r die1 or if x jumps ov] ! edge ( ! table 9 :i* x is ?r[n1 bo? dice mu/ be tak5 up & ca/ aga94 ,! ca/] mu/ ann\nce 8 ?r[ z soon z made4 ,! ,moves4 ,z ! m5 on ea* side are mov$ r\nd ! bo>d 9 opposite directions to rea* _! respective homes1 !y are ( c\rse oblig$ to meet & pass a numb] ( ! adv]s>y's m51 & !y mu/ pick _! way among !m by go+ to po9ts :i* are unoccupi$ by ! enemy2 = if !re are two or m ( ! enemy 9 possession ( any po9t1 t po9t is said to be cov]$1 & mu/ be jump$ ov]4 ,if only "o adv]se man occupies a po9t1 x is call$ a blot1 & ! man may be captur$1 z w pres5tly be expla9$4 ,! numb]s t appe> on ! upp] faces ( ! two dice1 :5 !y are ?r[n1 are ! numb] ( po9ts t ea* ( any two m51 or t any "o man may be mov$ at a "t4 ,if a play] ?r[s f\r-deuce1 = in/ance1 he may ei!r move "o man f\r po9ts & ano!r two2 or he may move a s+le man f\r po9ts & two po9ts1 or two po9ts & f\r po9ts4 ,he _c lump ! ?r[ & call x six po9ts1 because if ! f\r? po9t f :]e ! man /ood 0 cov]$ by two or m ( ! enemy1 ! f\r c\ld n be play$ ) t man4 ,if ! second po9t f :]e ! man /ood 0 also cov]$1 he c\ld n be mov$ at all1 al?\gh ! six? po9t f :]e he /ood might be unoccupi$4 ,if ,black's fir/ ?r[ is five-deuce1 = in/ance1 he _c move "o ( ! two m5 on 8 adv]s>y's ace po9t = ! five1 because ! fif? po9t !nce is cov]$4 ,nei!r c\ld he move "o ( !m two & !n five1 because ! sev5? po9t is cov]$ also4 ,if a play] ?r[s d\blets1 t is1 ! same numb] on ea* die1 he plays ! ?r[ twice ov]4 ,if a play] ?r[s d\ble f\rs1 = in/ance1 he c ei!r move "o man f\r po9ts f\r times2 or "o man f\r po9ts once1 & ano!r man f\r po9ts ?ree times2 or two m5 f\r po9ts twice2 or two m5 f\r po9ts ea*1 & !n two o!r m5 f\r po9ts1 always provid$ t ! po9ts mov$ to at ! end ( ea* f\r are n cov]$ by ! enemy4 ,if !re is only "o ( ! adv]s>y's m5 on any po9t :i* c be rea*$ by a ?r[ ( ! dice1 ! blot may be hit1 a man be+ mov$ to t po9t1 & ! adv]se man tak5 f ! bo>d & plac$ ^u ! b>4 ,9 ! diagram 9 ! m>g91 = in/ance1 x is ,:ite's play1 & he has ?r[n six-f\r4 ,black has left a blot on ,:ite's f\r-po9t1 & ! s+le :ite man 9 ! out] table c rea* ?is ) ! six ?r[1 tak+ up ! black man1 & plac+ x ^u ! b>4 ,:ite n[ has a blot on 8 f\r po9t1 :i* he %\ld cov] by play+ 9 a man f\r po9ts f ! out] table1 x be+ bett] to leave a blot !re ?an at home4 ,illu/ration3 ------------ ------------ ,:5 a play] has a man t has be5 hit1 & plac$ ^u ! b> by ! adv]s>y1 he mu/ re-ent] t man be=e he moves any o!rs4 ,he may *oose = ! purpose ei!r ( ! numb]s on ! next ?r[ ( ! dice1 & mu/ place 8 man on ! po9t 9 ! adv]s>y's home table :i* agrees ) ! numb] select$4 ,suppose t 9 ! =ego+ example1 ,black's next ?r[ is five-deuce4 ,he _c ent] ! man on ! five-po9t1 because x is cov]$ by ! enemy3 s he mu/ ent] ^u ! deuce po9t1 :i* is n cov]$1 & mu/ move "s o!r man five po9ts = ! ?r[ ^u ! o!r die4 ,if bo? ! five & deuce po9ts 7 cov]$1 ,black c\ld n ent] on ei!r ( !m1 & z he _c play until ! man on ! b> is ent]$1 ! ?r[ w\ld be lo/1 & he w\ld h to wait until 8 adv]s>y ?rew & mov$ 9 8 turn4 ,if two m5 are ^u ! b>1 bo? mu/ be ent]$ be=e any man c be mov$4 ,a man may ent] & hit a blot at ! same "t4 ,if a play] c\ld get 8 m5 r\nd ! bo>d )\t any ( !m be+ hit1 sev5ty-sev5 po9ts on ! dice ?r[n w\ld br+ !m all home2 b z e man hit has to />t all ov] aga9 f 8 adv]s>y's home table1 x may take a great _m ?r[s to get all ! m5 home4 ,= ?is reason x is obvi\s t ea* play] %\ld leave z few blots z possible1 9 ord] to save 8 m5 f be+ hit2 & at ! same "t he %\ld /rive to cov] z _m po9ts z possible1 9 ord] to prev5t 8 adv]s>y f mov+ r\nd ! bo>d freely4 ,x is /ill m important to cov] po9ts 9 ! home table1 s t :5 an adv]se man is hit he w h few] po9ts ^u :i* to ent]4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 unnecess>y to say t "o c always ent] or play on po9ts cov]$ by 8 own m54 ,illu/ration3 ------------ ------------ ,?r[+ ,(f4 ,:5 ei!r play] has succe$$ 9 gett+ all 8 m5 home1 he removes !m f ! bo>d two or f\r at a "t1 accord+ to ! ?r[s ( ! dice1 provid$ he has m5 on ! po9ts 9 8 home table correspond+ to ! numb]s ?r[n4 ,if n1 he mu/ move 8 m5 up t[>d ! ace po9t4 ,d\blets may take (f f\r m5 if !re are s _m on ! po9t4 ,if !re are no m5 on a numb] ?r[n1 & ! numb] is s high t ! man f>!/ f ! ace po9t _c be mov$ up1 t man may be tak5 (f4 ,9 ! diagram 9 ! m>g91 = in/ance1 ,black has all 8 m5 home1 & is ready to ?r[ !m (f4 ,if he ?rew six-deuce1 hav+ no m5 on ei!r po9t he w\ld h to move up ! deuce2 b ! f>!/ man f ! ace po9t _c be mov$ up six1 s he c ?r[ t man (f4 ,?is mu/ result 9 leav+ a blot1 no matt] :i* man is play$ up ! two ,po9ts1 & ,:ite may hit ?is blot on 8 next ?r[4 ,%\ld he d s1 ,black w\ld h to ?r[ an ace to re-ent]1 z all ! o!r po9ts 9 ,:ite's home table are cov]$1 or 8made up40 ,black c\ld n ?r[ (f ano!r man until ! "o hit _h n only be5 re-ent]$1 b _h made ! circuit ( ! bo>d & got home aga94 ,a play] is n oblig$ to ?r[ (f a man if he pref]s to move1 b he mu/ d "o or ! o!r4 ,9 ! =ego+ diagram1 = in/ance1 if ,black ?rew ?ree-ace1 he w\ld be v fooli% to take (f two m51 leav+ a blot on 8 ?ree po9t4 ,he %\ld move ! ace f 8 f\r to 8 ?ree po9t1 & !n take (f ! ?ree1 leav+ no blots4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,always see t ! m5 are prop]ly set up4 ,x w\ld be a great help to _m p]sons if ! manufactur]s ( backgammon bo>ds w\ld pr9t ^u !m a small diagram ( ! correct position ( ! m54 ,! fir/ ?+ = ! beg9n] to le>n is ! prop] mann] ( play+ ! op5+ ?r[s1 & ?is %\ld be practis$ ) a bo>d & m54 ,9 "s cases !re are sev]al ways to play ! same ?r[2 d\ble f\rs1 = in/ance1 x is said _c be play$ wrong4 ,all possible ?r[s ( ! dice1 f d\ble six to d\ble ace1 & ! v>i\s ways ( play+ !m1 are %[n 9 ! diagrams4 ,black m5 only are mov$1 & ^? ) :ite c5tres h be5 br\ght f ! po9ts m>k$ ) a small cross x4 ,! be/ ?r[s are ^? :i* cov] ! mo/ po9ts1 take possession ( y\r own or y\r adv]s>y's five po9t1 make up y\r own b> po9t1 or make up po9ts 9 y\r home table4 ,illu/ration3 ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ,illu/ration3 ------------ x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ,illu/ration3 ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ,d\ble aces are ! be/1 because !y make up two ( ! mo/ important po9ts at once4 ,a fir/-class play] w sometimes give an adv]s>y ! odds ( a fir/ ?r[ ( d\ble aces4 ,d\ble sixes is ! next be/1 & five-ace is consid]$ "o ( ! wor/4 ,?ree ( ^! ?r[s require special m5tion1 all ( :i* w\ld be v bad op5+s 9 ! ,am]ican game1 = reasons :i* w pres5tly be expla9$4 ,^! ?r[s are five-ace1 f\r-ace1 & deuce-ace1 :5 play$ z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ------------ x x ------------ ,^! are all un=tunate op5+ ?r[s1 five-ace be+ especially bad1 & ! ,engli% play]s ?9k ! be/1 p]haps because ! bolde/1 way to play !m is to leave "o or two blots1 "o ( :i*1 h[ev]1 lays ! f\ndation = possession ( y\r five-po9t on ! next ?r[1 always a great advantage if y c secure x4 ,if nei!r ( ! blots are hit1 ! ,engli%man pu%es =w>d 9 ! hope ( gammon+ 8 adv]s>y1 & s w9n+ a d\ble game4 ,9 ,am]ica1 :]e gammons c\nt no m ?an hits1 no?+ is to be ga9$ by tak+ su* *ances1 & ! =ego+ me?ods ( play+ ^! ?ree ?r[s w\ld !re=e be consid]$ v bad4 ,! ,engli% ,game4 ,:5 ! play]s c\nt d\ble & triple games1 x is n an uncommon ?+ to play = ! gammon1 especially aga9/ inf]ior adv]s>ies1 or :5 "o gets a decid$ advantage at ! />t4 ,! fir/ ?+ is to secure y\r own or y\r adv]s>y's five po9t1 or bo?1 & if y succe$ 9 t y %\ld play a v =w>d game1 & endeav\r to gammon y\r oppon5t4 ,aft] ! five-po9ts1 secure y\r b> po9t1 s z to prev5t y\r oppon5t f 8runn+0 ) d\ble sixes4 ,"s play]s ?9k ! b> po9t bett] ?an ! five po9t1 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t po9ts 9 ! home table are usually bett] ?an any outside4 ,if y get ! five & b> po9ts made up1 try = ! f\r po9t1 & aft] t y may take "s risks to get y\r m5 home1 & d n take up y\r oppon5t's m5 if y are ahead ( him1 because !y may give y tr\ble :5 !y re-ent] 9 y\r home table4 ,! ,am]ican ,game4 ,:5 a gammon or backgammon c\nts y no?+ m if y w9 x1 & co/s y no?+ m if y lose x1 ! tactics ( ! game are entirely *ang$4 ,x is folly to take any risks = ! sake ( a gammon1 & any plays :i* leave unnecess>y blots are v bad2 = :i* reason ! ?ree ?r[s %[n 9 ! =ego+ diagram w\ld be absurd 9 ! ,am]ican game4 ,on ! o!r h&1 y may risk be+ gammon$1 or ev5 backgammon$1 if x is ! only way to save ! game4 ,an ,engli%man _c take ?is risk1 = he might lose a triple game 9 attempt+ to save a s+le4 ,secure ! five po9t 9 y\r own & y\r adv]s>y's home table z soon z possible1 & !n ! b> & f\r po9ts4 ,aft] ! fir/ few ?r[s ! play] %\ld take a g5]al survey ( ! bo>d1 9 ord] to see :e!r he is ahead or beh9d1 or if he has any advantage ( position4 ,he mu/ !n decide :e!r he w play a backw>d or a =w>d game4 ,a glance at ! relative positions ( ! m5 w usually %[ if "o side is mu* m advanc$ ?an ! o!r1 )\t go+ into any m9ute calculations z to h[ _m po9ts ne>] home "o side may be4 ,if1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 "o play] makes two or ?ree l>ge ?r[s 9 succession1 :ile 8 adv]s>y gets small ?r[s only1 ! latt] w h little *ance ( w9n+ ! game simply by runn+ = home1 :]eas ! =m]'s be/ *ance w be to foll[ up 8 e>ly advantage & get home z fa/ z possible4 ,! only hope = ! man :o is beh9d is t he c pick up "s ( 8 oppon5t's m51 sett+ !m back1 & 9 ord] to d ?is he mu/ keep beh9d 8 adv]s>y1 s z to meet z _m ( 8 m5 z possible4 ,?is enables u to =mulate ! great pr9ciple ( ! ,am]ican game1 :i* is t :5 a play] is ahead he %\ld g ahead z fa/ z he c2 & :5 he is beh9d1 he %\ld /ay beh9d z long z he c4 ,9 ! fir/ place he is play+ a =w>d1 & 9 ! second place a backw>d game4 ,! ,=w>d ,game4 ,! great po9t 9 ?is game1 aft] hav+ obta9$ ! advantage ( sev]al good ?r[s 9 ! op5+1 is to get home z rapidly z possible )\t unnecess>ily expos+ y\r m5 by leav+ blots4 ,d n take up y\r adv]s>y's m5 if y c help x1 because by s do+ y place ob/acles 9 y\r own pa?1 & assi/ him by all[+ him to /ay beh9d1 :i* is j 8 game4 ,get pa/ all 8 m5 if possible1 especially if he has mov$ 8 two m5 out ( y\r home table4 ,! ,backw>d ,game4 ,exactly ! opposite tactics are ( c\rse ! be/ = ! play] :o is beh9d4 ,he %\ld keep two or ?ree m5 9 8 adv]s>y's home table1 pref]ably on ! ace & deuce po9ts1 9 ! hope ( cat*+ "s ( ! enemy1 & sett+ !m back4 ,! result ( ^! tactics1 if successful1 w be to (fset ! advantage ( ! adv]s>y's high ?r[s e>ly 9 ! game1 because e man captur$ n only has to />t 8 j\rney ov] aga91 b is liable to be pick$ up a second or ?ird "t4 ,z x is to ! advantage ( ! =w>d play] to avoid pick+ up m51 ! "o :o is beh9d c leave blots ) great fre$om1 & may ev5 spread 8 m5 s t "s ( !m mu/ be tak5 up4 ,?is int5se back game is peculi>ly ,am]ican1 = 9 ! ,engli% game su* tactics w\ld usually result 9 a gammon1 & (t5 9 a backgammon1 & ! play] d>e n risk s mu* j to save a hit4 ,9 ! back game x is v important to spread ! m5 freely1 s t !y may act z cat*]s4 ,illu/ration3 ------------ ,x ,x ,x ,x ------------ ,9 ! position %[n 9 ! m>g91 = in/ance1 ,:ite has already ?r[n (f ?ree ( 8 m51 b "o has be5 caught & set back4 ,x is impossible = ,black to w9 unless he c cat* ?is man aga91 or capture "o or two ( ^? 9 ,:ite's home table1 keep+ ,:ite f ?r[+ (f any m m5 until ,black gets home4 ,suppose t 9 ?is position ,black ?rew d\ble ?rees4 ,8 play w\ld be to sep>ate all 8 m5 9 ! out] table1 s t no matt] :at ,:ite might ?r[ he c\ld h>dly escape be+ caught4 ,! black m5 might be plac$ on ! po9ts m>k$ ) small crosses1 & !n if ! :ite man _c be caught & set back long en\gh = ,black to get home1 ! game _c be sav$4 ,if ,black succe$s 9 pick+ up ?is man1 he %\ld !n complete 8 home table z rapidly z possible1 /ill keep+ 8 outside m5 spread1 & n di/urb+ ! two m5 on ,:ite's trey po9t until necess>y4 ,?r[+ ,(f4 ,always ?r[ (f e man possible2 nev] move up in/ead ( ?r[+ (f1 unless !re are "s adv]se m5 9 y\r home table4 ,if y make a ?r[ :i* w n take (f a man1 d n move two m51 b move up & take (f "o man if possible4 ,*ances4 ,"s play]s pr(ess to atta* great importance to ! *ances ( ! dice1 b su* matt]s are ( little practical value except 9 a g5]al way4 ,x may be int]e/+ to "k t ! odds 7 ?irty-five to "o aga9/ a c]ta9 ?r[1 b t k does n prev5t y\r adv]s>y f w9n+ ! game4 ,x %\ld always be rememb]$ t x is m difficult = y\r adv]s>y to hit a man t is v close to him or v f> f him1 ?an "o t is ab\t half way4 ,! odds aga9/ be+ hit by a giv5 numb]1 ei!r on "o or on bo? dice1 are giv5 9 ! m>g94 ,! ?r[s giv5 9 ! second column _c be made )\t c\nt+ bo? dice1 & a play] is !re=e saf] :5 x takes 8d\ble dice0 to hit him4 ------------------------------------- ,s+le ,die4 ,d\ble ,dice4 #be to #aa ag'/ #a #cj to #f ag'/ #g #bd to #ab ag'/ #b #cj to #f ag'/ #h #bb to #ad ag'/ #c #ca to #e ag'/ #i #ba to #ae ag'/ #d #cc to #c ag'/ #aj #ba to #ae ag'/ #e #cd to #b ag'/ #aa #ai to #ag ag'/ #f #ce to #a ag'/ #ab ------------------------------------- ,,laws4 #a4 ,if ! m5 are wrongly set up1 ! mi/ake may be rem$i$ if ! play] 9 error has n mov$ a man1 o!rwise !y mu/ /& z set up4 #b4 ,if a play] beg9s ) less ?an ! prop] numb] ( m51 ! error _c be rectifi$ aft] ! play] has made a ?r[ = 8 move4 #c4 ,! play]s mu/ ea* ca/ a s+le die = ! privilege ( fir/ move1 ! high] w9n+4 ,ties ?r[ aga94 #d4 ,by mutual cons5t x may be agre$ to let ! high] ?r[ play ! po9ts on 8 own & 8 adv]s>y's die = ! fir/ move2 o!rwise he mu/ ?r[ aga9 ) two dice4 #e4 ,ea* play] mu/ ?r[ ! dice into ! table on 8 "r h&1 & if ei!r die jumps into ! o!r table1 or (f ! bo>d1 bo? dice mu/ be tak5 up & ?r[n aga94 #f4 ,to con/itute a fair ?r[1 ea* die mu/ re/ flat ^u ! bo>d1 & if ei!r die is 8cock$0 aga9/ ! o!r1 or aga9/ ! edge ( ! bo>d or ( a man1 bo? dice mu/ be tak5 up & ?r[n aga94 #g4 ,if ! ca/] int]f]es ) ! dice 9 any way1 or t\*es !m aft] !y h left ! box1 & be=e !y come absolutely to re/ & ! ?r[ is call$ by ! ca/]1 ! adv]s>y may place face upw>d on ! die or dice s int]f]$ )1 any numb] he *ooses1 & ! ca/] mu/ play x z if ?r[n4 #h4 ,be=e play+1 ! ?r[ mu/ be ann\nc$ by ! ca/]1 & if ! ?r[ is play$ z call$ x /&s good1 unless an error 9 ! call is discov]$ be=e ! dice h be5 t\*$ = ! purpose ( putt+ !m 9 ! box aga94 #i4 ,if a play] moves a man a wrong numb] ( po9ts1 ! ?r[ be+ correctly call$1 ! adv]s>y mu/ dem& t ! error be rectifi$ be=e he ?r[s himself1 or ! errone\s move /&s good4 #aj4 ,if a man wrongly mov$ c be mov$ correctly1 ! play] 9 error is oblig$ to move t man4 ,if he _c be mov$ correctly1 ! o!r man t 0 mov$ correctly on ! same ?r[ mu/ be mov$ on ! numb] ( po9ts on ! second die1 if possible4 ,if ! second man _c be s mov$ onw>d1 ! play] is at lib]ty to move any man he pleases4 #aa4 ,any man t\*$1 except = ! purpose ( adju/+ x1 mu/ be mov$ if ! piece is playable4 ,a play] ab\t to adju/ a man mu/ give due notice by say+1 8,j'ad\be40 ,a man hav+ be5 prop]ly play$ to a c]ta9 po9t & quitt$1 mu/ rema9 !re4 #ab4 ,! numb]s on bo? dice mu/ be play$ if possible4 ,if !re are two ways to play1 "o ( :i* w employ ! numb]s on bo? dice1 ! o!r only "o ( !m1 ! =m] mu/ be play$4 ,if ei!r1 b only "o1 ( ! two numb]s ?r[n c be play$1 ! l>g] ( ! two mu/ be select$4 #ac4 ,if a play] ?r[s (f m5 be=e all 8 m5 are at home1 ! m5 s ?r[n (f mu/ be plac$ on ! b>1 & re-ent]$ 9 ! adv]s>y's home table1 j z if !y _h be5 captur$ 9 ! c\rse ( play4 ,! same p5alty atta*es to ?r[+ (f m5 :ile "o is on ! b>4 ,,russian ,,backgammon4 ,9 ?is v>iety ( ! game1 no m5 are plac$ ^u ! bo>d at />t+1 b ea* play] ent]s 8 m5 by ?r[s ( ! dice1 & bo? play]s ent] ^u ! same table1 s t all ! m5 on bo? sides move r\nd ! bo>d 9 ! same direction1 & bo? play]s h ! same home table1 :i* is always ! "o opposite ! ent]+ table4 ,aft] hav+ ent]$ two m5 on ! fir/ ?r[1 ! play] is at lib]ty ei!r to cont9ue ent]+ 8 m5 ) any subsequ5t ?r[s1 or to play ! m5 already ent]$4 ,9 mov+ or 9 ent]+ a play] may capture any blots left by 8 adv]s>y2 b he _c ent] ^u a po9t cov]$ by two or m ( ! adv]s>y's m54 ,if a play] _c ent] a fre% man ) ! ?r[ made1 he mu/ play a man if he c4 ,:5 a man is captur$1 he mu/ be re-ent]$ be=e any o!r man c be mov$4 ,except on ! fir/ ?r[ ( ! game1 d\blets give ! play] a great advantage4 ,he c n only play ! upp] faces ( ! dice twice ov]1 z 9 ! ord9>y game1 b ! faces opposite !m also1 & c !n ?r[ aga9 be=e 8 adv]s>y4 ,%\ld he aga9 ?r[ d\blets1 he w\ld play bo? faces ( ! dice1 & ?r[ aga91 & s on4 ,z ! opposite face is always ! complem5t ( sev51 x is n necess>y to turn ! dice ov] to see :at x is4 ,a play] ?r[+ d\ble f\r kn[s t he has f\r f\rs & f\r ?rees to play & w !n get ano!r ?r[4 ,! upp] faces ( ! dice mu/ be play$ fir/1 & if all f\r _c be play$ ! opposites & ! second ?r[ are lo/4 ,if ! upp] faces c be play$1 b n all ! opposites1 ! second ?r[ is lo/4 ,if ! fir/ ?r[ ( ! game made by ei!r play] is a d\blet1 x is play$ z 9 ! ord9>y game1 )\t play+ ! opposite faces or gett+ a second ?r[4 ,! *ief tactics ( ! game are 9 gett+ y\r m5 toge!r 9 advance ( y\r adv]s>y1 & cov]+ z _m consecutive po9ts z possible1 s t he _c pass y except s+ly1 & !n only at ! risk ( be+ hit4 ,aft] gett+ home1 ! m5 %\ld be pil$ on ! ace & deuce po9ts unless !re is v little "t to wa/e 9 secur+ position4 ,,text ,,books4 ,backgammon1 by ,k5ny ,mead[s1 #ahdd4 ,backgammon & ,draughts1 by ,b]keley4 ,pocket ,guide to ,backgammon1 by 8,cav5di%40 ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,games4 ,,rev]si4 ,?is game requires a special bo>d ( sixty-f\r squ>es4 ,two play]s are ea* provid$ ) ?irty-two m5 :i* are r$ on "o side & black on ! o!r4 ,! fir/ play] sets a man on any ( ! f\r squ>es 9 ! middle ( ! bo>d1 & !n 8 oppon5t places ano!r man 9 ! same f\r squ>es1 ea* play] hav+ 8 own col\r upp]mo/4 ,aft] ! fir/ move on ea* side1 ! object ( ea* play] is s to set 8 m5 t !y %all be next to an oppos+ man1 b ) "o ( 8 own m5 9 a direct l9e on ! o!r side1 horizontally1 v]tically1 or diagonally1 no matt] h[ f> (f ! man 9 l9e may be4 ,:5 a play] succe$s 9 do+ ?is1 he rev]ses ! col\r ( all ! int]v5+ m51 turn+ !m to 8 own side4 ,a man plac$ at an angle may turn m ?an "o l9e at a "t4 ,z soon z ! bo>d is fill$1 ea* man c\nts up 8 col\r1 & ! "o t has ! majority w9s ! game4 ,,halma4 ,?is is play$ on a bo>d ) #bef squ>es1 ea* play] hav+ n9ete5 m5 ( di/+ui%+ col\rs4 ,at ! />t ! m5 are plac$ 9 an enclosure at ! corn] ( ! bo>d1 call$ a 8y>d40 ,! object ( ! play] is to get 8 m5 out ( 8 own y>d & into 8 adv]s>y's4 ,! m5 move "o squ>e at a "t1 l a k+ at *ess1 unless a man gets to ! squ>e adjo9+ t occupi$ by ano!r man ) a space beyond x4 ,:e!r ! adjo9+ man is 8 own or 8 adv]s>y's1 ! play] c hop ov] x into ! vacant space beyond1 & he c make z _m hops z !re are m5 & spaces4 ,?is be+ s1 a play] w try to make 8ladd]s0 ) 8 own m51 plac+ !m 9 a l9e diagonally1 ) a space betwe5 ea*1 & w !n hop 8 m5 ov] !m all4 ,z soon z he gets all 8 m5 into 8 adv]s>y's y>d ! game is end$4 ,special directions always come ) ! app>atus4 ,,g-,,bang4 ,?is is play$ on a bo>d ( #cfa squ>es4 ,ea* play] has 8 own col\r$ c\nt]s1 & !y draw = ! fir/ move4 ,ea* places a man 9 turn1 & ! fir/ to get five m5 9 a r[1 horizontally1 v]tically1 or diagonally1 w9s ! game4 ,,morelles1 ,,or ,,n9e ,,m5',s ,,morris4 ,?is game1 sometimes call$ ,! ,mill1 is play$ on a bo>d rul$ (f into comp>tm5ts1 z foll[s3 ,illu/ration3 -------------------- ------------ ---- ------ ------ ---- ------------ -------------------- ,ea* play] has n9e m51 ( di/+ui%able col\rs4 ,!y draw = fir/ move1 & ea* 9 turn places a man on any "o ( ! corn]s or int]sections ( ! l9es4 ,z soon z ei!r play] gets ?ree m5 9 l9e1 he c remove f ! bo>d any "o ( 8 adv]s>ies' pieces t he pleases1 provid$ ! piece is n "o ( ?ree t are already 9 a l9e4 ,if !re are no o!r m5 on ! bo>d1 he c remove "o ( a l9e4 ,aft] ent]+ all n9e ( 8 m51 ! play] c %ift !m ab\t1 "o at a "t1 b no man c be mov$ f>!r ?an to ! adjo9+ corn] or int]section1 & t mu/ be vacant4 ,z soon z a new l9e is =m$ 9 ?is way1 an adv]se man c be lift$4 ,x is possible = "o man to move back & =? 9 su* a mann] z to cont9ually =m & re=m a l9e ( ?ree4 ,:5 "o play] has only ?ree m5 left1 he c jump any ( !m to any vacant space on ! bo>d1 no matt] h[ f> (f4 ,z soon z ei!r play] is r$uc$ to two m51 ! game is ov] & he has lo/4 ,,dom9oes4 ,al?\gh prop]ly a game = two p]sons1 ,dom9oes is sometimes play$ by f\r1 two be+ p>tn]s aga9/ ! o!r two4 ,!re are also "s r\nd games 9 :i* any numb] f ?ree to six may play1 ea* = himself4 ,! ,sets4 ,a set ( dom9oes is a numb] ( pieces ( bone1 usually ab\t #a in*es by 1 & ?ick4 ,^! bones h ^u _! faces ! p]mutations ( ! numb]s f six to blank1 tak5 two at a "t4 ,"s sets beg9 at d\ble n9e1 & o!rs at d\ble twelve2 b ! /&>d set is d\ble six1 & is compos$ ( tw5ty-eight pieces4 ,! ,suits4 ,all ! dom9oes ) ! same numb] ^u ei!r end belong to ! same suit2 ! sev5 bones ) a #d =m+ ! #d suit2 ^? ) a #f ! #f suit1 & s on4 ,! numb] ( pips 9 ea* suit may be easily rememb]$ by obs]v+ t ! ace suit has ! same numb] ( pips z ! pieces 9 ! set1 #bh2 & t ea* suit above ! ace has sev5 pips m ?an ! numb] ( pieces 9 ! set1 :ile ! blank suit has sev5 pips less1 s t ea* suit progresses 9 regul> ord]1 sev5 pips at a "t1 z %[n 9 ! m>g94 ,blank #ba ,ace #bh ,deuce #ce ,trey #db ,f\r #di ,five #ef ,six #fc ,%uffl+ & ,cutt+4 ,dom9oes are provid$ ) a small brass p9 9 ! c5tre ( ! face1 :i* enables "o to sp9 !m r\nd1 pu% !m ab\t on ! table1 & s to %uffle !m ?or\ghly4 ,!re are ?ree me?ods ( det]m9+ :o %all h ! fir/ play1 or set1 z x is call$3 #a4 ,! play] hav+ ! high] d\ble2 or1 fail+ any d\ble 9 ei!r h&1 ! heavi] dom9o1 t is1 "o ) a great] numb] ( pips on its face ?an any held by 8 adv]s>y4 #b4 ,"o play] selects any two dom9oes1 face d[n1 & pu%es !m t[>d 8 adv]s>y1 :o *ooses "o4 ,bo? are !n turn$ up1 & :i*ev] gets ! light] dom9o has ! fir/ set4 #c4 ,ea* play] draws a dom9o1 face d[n1 & ! "o gett+ ! l[] d\ble sets fir/4 ,if nei!r draws a d\ble ! light] dom9o sets4 ,! dom9oes are !n %uffl$ aga9 by bo? play]s1 & ea* draws ! numb] ( pieces requir$ by ! game !y are ab\t to play4 ,! dom9oes rema9+ on ! table are left face d[n1 & =m ! /ock or bone-y>d4 ,ea* play] %\ld sort 8 dom9oes into suits1 & ei!r leave !m /&+ on _! edges on ! table ) _! faces t[>d him1 or hold !m 9 8 h&4 ,few p]sons c hold m ?an six dom9oes 9 ?is way1 s ! sev5? is left ^u ! table1 or is ! fir/ "o set4 ,illu/ration ,mat*+4 ,all games ( dom9oes are bas$ ^u ! pr9ciple ( mat*+1 or foll[+ suit2 :i* requires t ea* dom9o play$ %all belong to ! same suit z "o ( ! expos$ ends ( ! l9e ( dom9oes already play$1 & expos$ ^u ! table4 ,9 play+ a dom9o1 x mu/ be s plac$ t ! end ( x %all mat* & adjo9 ! expos$ end ( ! l9e2 a six be+ play$ to a six1 a f\r to a f\r1 & s on4 ,ea* dom9o1 z play$1 is laid face upw>d on ! table1 ! ends abutt+1 & d\blets be+ laid across1 or at "r angles to ! l9e4 ,! pr9cipal games are divid$ into two classes2 ^? 9 :i* ! object is to block a play]1 s t he _c foll[ suit1 & ^? 9 :i* ! object is to make ! ends ( ! l9e "s multiple ( five or ?ree4 ,! ,block ,game w be describ$ fir/4 ,,! ,,block ,,game4 ,ea* play] draws sev5 dom9oes1 & ! "o ^: turn x is to set lays d[n any dom9o he pleases4 ,if a good play]1 he w select "o ( 8 longe/ suit1 especially if he has ?ree or m1 & 8 object w be to get ! l9e back to 8 suit z (t5 z possible4 ,if a play] _h to set ) ! h& ( dom9oes %[n 9 ! =ego+ diagram1 he w\ld select ! #e-j1 because he has f\r ( ! #e suit1 & ?ree ( ! #j suit4 ,?is w\ld compel 8 adv]s>y to play "s dom9o hav+ ^u x a #e or a #j4 ,let u suppose ?is adv]s>y to hold ! foll[+ dom9oes3 #f-f1 #f-c1 #f-a1 #f-j1 #e-a1 #e-j4 ,he w\ld ( c\rse play ! #f-j1 9 ord] to br+ ! l9e r\nd to 8 long suit ( #f's4 ,z ?is w\ld close ! blank end ( ! l9e1 ! fir/ play]1 :om we %all call ,a1 w\ld h to play on ! #e end1 z he has no #f4 ,9 ord] to get ! l9e back to 8 second longe/ suit1 ! blanks1 he w\ld play ! #e-b1 hop+ to play #b-j next "t4 ,8 adv]s>y1 ,b1 w\ld play on ?is end if he c\ld1 b be+ unable to d s1 he gets rid ( 8 heavie/ dom9o1 play+ ! d\ble six4 ,a plays #b-j1 & ,b %\ld n[ br+ 9 8 suit ( aces by play+ #f-a1 :i* w\ld w9 ! game2 b = ! sake ( illu/ration we %all suppose t he fooli%ly plays #f-d4 ,a plays 8 d\ble f\r1 & ! dom9oes on ! table pres5t ! foll[+ appe>ance3-- ,illu/ration ,b1 hav+ nei!r #d nor #j on any ( 8 rema9+ dom9oes1 says3 8,g10 :i* signifies t he is block$1 & _c play4 ,a c n[ play at ei!r end1 & ) ei!r ( two dom9oes2 b x w\ld be bad policy to play ! #d-e1 because 8 adv]s>y might be able to play to ! #e2 b x is a c]ta9ty t he _c play to ei!r #j or #d4 ,if ,a plays ! #d-e1 ,b gets rid ( all 8 dom9oes be=e ,a c play aga94 ,if ,a plays ! #d-j on ! blank end1 he w h to play aga9 ) 8 #d-e2 b if he plays x on ! #d end he blocks himself4 ,:e!r to block ! game or n dep5ds on ! probable comp>ative value ( ! dom9oes held by ,a & ,b4 ,if ,a blocks ! game by mak+ bo? ends blank1 bo? play]s %[ _! rema9+ dom9oes1 & ! "o ) ! great] numb] ( pips loses z _m po9ts z he has pips 9 excess ( ! o!r play]4 ,9 ord] to judge :e!r to block or play1 x %\ld be rememb]$ t z !re are #adg pips 9 ! entire set1 ! av]age value ( ea* dom9o w be #e4 ,if ,a blocks ! game1 he w h #ag pips left 9 8 h&1 :i* is above ! av]age value ( two dom9oes2 b 8 adv]s>y w h f\r dom9oes to c\nt1 & x is probable t !y w be wor? ab\t #ba po9ts4 ,! fact t ! sev5 dom9oes already play$ are #ac pips above ! av]age w r$uce ! probable value ( ,b's dom9oes to ab\t #bj4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,a kn[s t ,b has no blanks1 :i* w\ld slightly increase ! weight ( ,b's dom9oes4 ,if ,a blocks ! game1 z he %\ld d ) ! odds 9 8 fav\r1 he w w9 #g po9ts1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 8 #ag & ,b's #bd4 ,if he does n block1 he mu/ foll[ ! #d-j ) ! #e-d4 ,?is w br+ 9 ,b's ace suit1 br++ him back to 8 long suit ( #f's4 ,:5 ! #e-a 0 play$1 ,a w\ld h to say1 8g10 & ,b w\ld cont9ue ) #a-a1 #a-f1 #f-c1 claim+ dom9o1 all 8 pieces be+ exhau/$4 ,al?\gh ,a c n[ play1 x is too late1 = :5 "o play] makes dom9o he c\nts all ! pips rema9+ 9 8 adv]s>y's h&2 9 ?is case1 #h po9ts = ,b4 ,_h ,b play$ prop]ly1 by putt+ d[n #f-a1 in/ead ( #f-d1 ,a w\ld h be5 compell$ to play 8 #d-j1 & ,b w\ld h made bo? ends #f's1 ,a say+1 8g40 ,by !n play+ 8 d\ble ace1 ,b w\ld h made c]ta9 ( dom9o next "t by play+ ! #f-c1 = ev5 if ,a c\ld play to ! #c1 he c\ld n %ut ,b out ( ! ace1 & ,b's #e-a w\ld make1 him dom9o1 w9n+ #ag po9ts4 ,! ,block ,game is sometimes play$ #ej or #ajj po9ts up1 & at ! end ! w9n] takes ! /akes1 if any1 or settles at s mu* a po9t = ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! scores4 ,9 ! ,f\r-h&$ ,block ,game ! play]s cut = p>tn]s1 ! two l[e/ play+ aga9/ ! two highe/1 & ! l[e/ cut hav+ ! fir/ set4 ,ea* play] draws f\r bones1 & ! play goes r\nd f "r to left4 ,:5 any play] is block$1 & says 8g10 ! "o on 8 left mu/ play or say 8g10 also4 ,! game is at an end :5 "o play] gets rid ( all 8 dom9oes1 or all f\r play]s are block$4 ,! pips rema9+ 9 ! h&s ( ! p>tn]s are !n reckon$1 & ! side hav+ ! l[] numb] w9s ! diff]5ce4 ,ano!r v>iation is = ea* to play = himself1 b in/ead ( play+ only "o dom9o at a "t 9 ea* r\nd1 a play] may g on z long z he c foll[ suit to ei!r end ( ! l9e4 ,,draw ,,game4 ,9 ?is v>iation ( ! ,block ,game1 ea* play] has ! option ( draw+ any numb] ( dom9oes f ! bone-y>d except ! la/ two1 :i* mu/ always rema9 9 /ock4 ,he may draw :ile he is /ill able to play1 or n until he is block$2 b :5 he is block$ he is compell$ to draw until he obta9s a dom9o t c be play$1 or has drawn all b ! la/ two 9 ! bone-y>d4 ,,matadore ,,game4 ,?is is ano!r v>iety ( ! ,block ,game4 ,ea* play] takes sev5 bones1 & ! highe/ d\ble or ! heavie/ dom9o sets4 ,! object is n to foll[ suit to ! ends1 b to play a numb] :i* w make ! end & ! numb] play$ to x equal sev54 ,if ! end is a #c1 a #d mu/ be play$2 a #b mu/ be play$ to a #e1 & an ace to a #f4 ,f\r dom9oes 9 ! set are trumps1 or ,matadores4 ,^! are ! d\ble blank1 & ! ?ree dom9oes t h sev5 on _! faces2 #f-a1 #e-b1 & #d-c4 ,any ( ^! trumps may be play$ at any "t on ei!r ( ! ends1 9 ord] to prev5t a block2 b ! foll[+ play]1 if he does n play a trump also1 mu/ play ! complem5t ( sev5 to :i*ev] end ( ! matadore is left expos$4 ,d\blets are n plac$ crosswise1 & c\nt only = ! suit to :i* !y belong2 a d\ble ?ree _c be play$ to an ace1 because x c\nts z ?ree only4 ,! trumps are usually plac$ at "r angles to ! l9e4 ,! game is decid$ & settl$ = z 9 ! ord9>y ,block ,game4 ,,seba/opol4 ,9 ?is v>iety ( ! ,block ,game1 f\r p]sons play4 ,ea* takes sev5 bones1 & ! d\ble six sets4 ,no?+ b sixes c be play$ until bo? sides & bo? ends ( ! fir/ set h be5 play$ to4 ,:5 ^! five dom9oes h be5 set1 any ( ! f\r ends may be play$ to4 ,ea* play] 9 turn mu/ play or say1 8g40 ,! game is decid$ & settl$ = z 9 ! ord9>y ,block ,game4 ,,b]g5 ,,game4 ,two p]sons play1 ea* ( :om draws six bones4 ,! highe/ d\ble sets1 & scores two po9ts = ! d\ble head]4 ,two po9ts are scor$ by ! play] mak+ bo? ends ( ! l9e ! same4 ,if !re is a d\blet at "o end1 & "o ( ! same suit at ! o!r1 x is a triple head]1 & c\nts ?ree4 ,fifte5 po9ts is game4 ,9 addition to ! head]s1 dom9o c\nts "o4 ,if bo? play]s are block$1 ! bones are %[n1 & ! "o hav+ ! smalle/ numb] ( pips & no d\blet c\nts "o t[>d game4 ,if he holds a d\blet1 8 adv]s>y scores "o2 b if bo? hold d\blets1 ! l[] numb] ( pips w9s ! po9t4 ,,dom9o ,,pool4 ,any numb] f ?ree to six c play1 & a pool is made up4 ,!y draw = ! fir/ set1 & aft] %uffl+ aga91 ea* play] takes su* an equal numb] ( bones z w leave at lea/ eight 9 ! /ock4 ,! lead] plays any?+ he pleases = ! fir/ set1 & ea* foll[+ play] mu/ foll[ suit if he c1 to "o end or ! o!r4 ,if a p]son _c play1 he says 8g10 & ! play] on 8 left plays or passes also4 ,:5 "o makes dom9o he w9s ! pool4 ,if all are block$1 ! smalle/ numb] ( pips left 9 h& w9s2 ties divide4 ,,mugg9s1 ,,or ,,all ,,fives4 ,?is is a game = two1 ?ree1 or f\r play]s4 ,! object is to make ! two ends ( ! l9e "s multiple ( five1 & = e five s made ! play] scores five po9ts t[>d game1 :i* is usually #ajj up4 ,if only "o po9t is scor$ = ea* five1 #bj or #ba may be game4 ,ea* play] draws sev5 bones1 & ! highe/ d\ble sets1 ea* p]son aft]w>d play+ 9 turn4 ,if d\ble five is ! fir/ set x c\nts #aj4 ,! #e-j play$ to ?is w\ld c\nt #aj = ! second play]1 because "o end ( ! l9e be+ #aj & ! o!r #j1 ! total value ( ! two ends is /ill #aj4 ,d\ble blank play$ to ?is w\ld c\nt #aj m4 ,if #e-f is n[ play$ on "o end1 & #j-d on ! o!r1 ! c\nt w be #aj aga91 z %[n on ! diagram4 ,! figures %[ ! ord] 9 :i* ! dom9oes 7 play$4 ,illu/ration ,! highe/ possible score is #bj po9ts1 made ) ! #d-d & #f-f1 at diff]5t ends4 ,if ei!r play] makes a multiple ( five )\t notic+ or claim+ x1 8 adv]s>y says1 8mugg9s10 & scores x himself4 ,if a play] makes an errone\s score1 x mu/ be tak5 d[n1 & 8 adv]s>y m>ks x z p5alty4 ,:5 a play] _c foll[ suit1 he mu/ draw f ! bone-y>d until he gets a dom9o t c be play$2 b ! la/ two 9 ! /ock mu/ nev] be drawn4 ,:5 "o play] gets rid ( all 8 bones1 he calls dom9o1 & scores ! ne>e/ multiple ( five t is f\nd 9 ! dom9oes rema9+ 9 8 adv]s>y's h&4 ,rema9d]s ( #c or #d c\nt z #e2 ^? ( #a or #b z no?+2 s t #ab pips w\ld c\nt z #aj2 b #ac w\ld c\nt z #ae4 ,! play]s usually settle at ! end ( ! game = ! diff]5ce betwe5 _! scores4 ,mugg9s is sometimes v>i$ by play+ f bo? ends ( ! fir/ d\blet set1 z well z f ! sides4 ,x is n necess>y to play on ! ends ( ! fir/ set until "o _c play on ! l9e2 b any ( ! f\r po9ts may be play$ to at any "t4 ,! end ( ! fir/ d\blet does n c\nt 9 mak+ multiples ( five1 b ! ends ( any dom9oes play$ to x mu/ be c\nt$4 ,if only "o end ( ! fir/ d\blet has be5 play$ to1 !re w be ?ree ends to c\nt to make multiples ( five2 & if bo? ends ( ! fir/ d\blet h be5 play$ to1 !re w be f\r ends4 ,e c\nt mu/ take 9 all ! ends t are 9 play4 ,! highe/ c\nt possible is #ce2 all f\r l9es op51 ) ! #f-f1 #d-d1 #e-e1 & #j-e at ! ends4 ,,all ,,?rees4 ,mugg9s is sometimes play$ by mak+ ! object to get multiples ( ?ree at ! ends1 in/ead ( multiples ( five4 ,o!rwise ! game is ! same z ,all ,fives4 ,!re are sev]al c>d games ) dom9oes1 b !y are little us$1 & h>dly wor? description 9 a "w ( ?is k9d4 ,,dice4 ,dice are probably ! olde/ gambl+ in/rum5ts 9 ! _w4 ,*atto ?9ks t man acquir$ ! passion = gambl+ z soon z he c\ld di/+ui% odd f ev51 or a %ort /raw f a %ort]4 ,simple gambl+ in/rum5ts 7 probably v e>ly articles ( manufacture1 & ,*atto says t x is n unlikely t aft] a simple d9n] ( mutton "s ent]pris+ game/] may h tak5 ! small bones f betwe5 ! %ank & ! foot1 & aft] burn+ spots 9 !m to di/+ui% "o f ! o!r1 put !m into a c['s horn & %ak5 !m up1 aft]w>d roll+ !m ^u ! gr\nd4 ,f "s su* beg9n+ ,a/ragali 0 develop$1 a game :i* ,dr4 ,?omas ,hyde ?9ks 0 kn[n at ! "t ( ! ,deluge4 ,lat] on1 o!r in/rum5ts 7 us$ 9 connection ) dice1 & s ! e>lie/ =ms ( ,backgammon 7 develop$4 ,dice are /ill ! fav\rite implem5ts = decid+ any matt]s ( pure *ance1 su* z raffl+ (f a horse or a gold wat*2 b ! rules gov]n+ su* lott]ies are b imp]fectly und]/ood by p 9 g5]al4 ,!re are also a numb] ( small] matt]s1 su* z ! paym5t = refre%m5ts or cig>s1 :i* are settl$ by ?\s&s ( p]sons e day1 simply by ?r[+ dice4 ,! v>i\s me?ods ( ?r[+1 & ! rules gov]n+ all su* games are z foll[s3-- ,,! ,,dice4 ,al?\gh dice may be ( any size1 ! /&>d patt]n are half an in* squ>e1 ( ivory or bone1 ) black spots "o t5? ( an in* 9 diamet]4 ,! opposite sides ( ! die always equal sev51 & if ! die is plac$ ^u ! table ) ! ace upp]mo/ & ! deuce ne>e/ y1 ! f\r w be on ! left & ! ?ree on ! "r4 ,! positions ( ! ?ree & f\r are sometimes rev]s$ to enable %>p]s to di/+ui% fair dice f ^? :i* h be5 doctor$4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( any dice game1 x is q unnecess>y to exam9e ! dice to be us$1 because !y are always fair4 ,crook$ dice are rung 9 dur+ ! game1 & ! play] %\ld make x a po9t to exam9e ! dice frequ5tly if he has any suspicions4 ,fir/ see t ea* die has all six figures ^u x1 = "s dice are dispat*]s1 made ) d\ble numb]s1 s z to secure high] ?r[s ?an ! natural av]age4 ,d\ble fives are great fav\rites ) backgammon %>ps4 ,! next ?+ is to place ! dice toge!r 9 pairs1 to be sure t !y are exactly ! same height ea* way4 ,if dice are n squ>e !y c be made to roll ov] & ov] on ! same faces4 ,! faces %\ld !n be te/$ to see t !y are n convex1 ev5 9 ! slighte/ degree4 ,%ap$ dice are usually flat on ! ace & six faces1 especially 9 crap %oot+4 ,ea* die %\ld be held betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+] at its longe/ diamet]1 to see if x has any t5d5cy to sw+ on a pivot1 = if x does x is load$4 ,ev5 if ! dice are transp>5t1 x is no gu>antee t !y are n load$ 9 ! spots4 ,load$ ivory dice soon get discol\r$1 & ! pres5ce ( any d>kness 9 ! corn]s is usually a sign ( ! pres5ce ( m]cury4 ,x is a mi/ake to suppose t load$ dice w always ?r[ high or l[2 all !y w d is to beat av]ages4 ,f9ally1 ! dice %\ld be te/$ ) a magnet1 z !y are sometimes made to "w 9 connection ) a batt]y conceal$ "u ! table4 ,,dice ,,boxes4 ,al?\gh ! dice may be p]fectly fair1 ! box may be 8crook$40 ,a fair box may be ( lea!r1 p]fectly smoo? inside1 or x may be ( bone1 ivory or wood1 ) ! int]ior 8screw$0 or groov$4 ,if ! upp] edge ( ! inside pres5ts a slop+ flat surface1 slightly r\gh5$ ) s& pap]1 x w be j z well to refuse to all[ su* a box to be us$1 z y\r adv]s>y is probably an exp]t at secur+1 :i* is a me?od ( hold+ "o ( ! dice securely aga9/ ?is upp] edge :ile ! o!rs are %ak5 & rattl$ ab\t 9 ! usual mann]4 ,a p]son :o is secur+ dice c be detect$ by ! mann] 9 :i* he holds ! box1 keep+ 8 f+]s1 in/ead ( 8 palm1 ov] ! m\?4 ,:5 he turns ! box face d[nw>d on ! table1 he w /ill h 8 f+]s "u x1 & w )draw !m 9 regul> ord]1 ! second & ?ird f+]s be+ fir/ sep>at$4 ,,?r[+ ,,dice4 ,!re are ?ree me?ods ( ?r[+ dice3 ,! fir/ is to %ake !m 9 ! box ) ! palm ov] ! top1 & !n to %ift ! hold to ! sides1 completely expos+ ! m\?4 ,! box is !n turn$ m\? d[nw>d on ! table1 leav+ all ! dice completely cov]$4 ,! box mu/ be lift$ by ! p]son :o is record+ ! ?r[s1 9 a raffle1 = in/ance1 aft] ! spectators h _h "t to assure !mselves t all ! dice are cov]$4 ,if ! ca/] has 8 f+]s ov] ! m\? ( ! box :5 he turns x ov]1 or lifts ! box himself1 ! ?r[ is f\l4 ,! second me?od is kn[n z roll+1 or ! long gall]y1 & is g5]ally us$ 9 pok] dice & su* games4 ,aft] ! box has be5 %ak51 ! ca/] holds x by ! side1 & gives x a twi/ & a pu%1 :i* causes ! dice to p\r out1 & roll along ! table4 ,! ?ird me?od is call$ %oot+1 & is always employ$ 9 craps4 ,no box is us$1 ! dice be+ held 9 ! h& & roll$ along ! table or ! gr\nd4 ,! crap %oot] is oblig$ to %ake ! dice 9 8 h& to %[ t he is n hold+ !m ) c]ta9 faces toge!r1 :i* is a common way ( prev5t+ or gett+ c]ta9 ?r[s1 especially ) %ap$ dice4 ,:i*ev] me?od is employ$1 ea* die mu/ lie flat ^u "o ( its own faces aft] ! ?r[1 nei!r re/+ ^u nor cock$ aga9/ any o!r die or any ob/ruction ^u ! table or ! gr\nd4 ,if any ( ! dice are cock$1 all ( !m mu/ be tak5 up & ?r[n aga94 ,,raffl+4 ,9 a raffle = prizes ( any k9d1 ea* play] has ?ree ?r[s ) ?ree dice4 ,! rules already giv5 = ?r[+ dice f a box mu/ be foll[$1 ! scor] plac+ ! dice 9 ! box be=e ea* ?r[1 & lift+ ! box aft] x4 ,! total ( ! ?ree ?r[s is record$ opposite ! "n ( ea* play]1 & ! highe/ ?r[ w9s4 ,! odds aga9/ ?r[+ a c]ta9 numb] or high] are %[n 9 ! m>g94 -------------------------------- ,,x ,,is ,,ab\t ,,aga9/ ,,?r[+ ------------------------------- ,ev5 #cb or m #i to #g #cc 0 #aa to #f #cd 0 #bh to #aa #ce 0 #c to #a #cf 0 #e to #a #cg 0 #g to #a #ch 0 #aj to #a #ci 0 #af to #a #dj 0 #bd to #a #da 0 #ci to #a #db 0 #ff to #a #dc 0 #aaf to #a #dd 0 #bae to #a #de 0 #dbb to #a #df 0 #hhf to #a #dg 0 #bjaf to #a #dh 0 #ejcb to #a #di 0 #adjic to #a #ej 0 #dehji to #a #ea 0 #ahcbbi to #a #eb 0 #ajjggfh to #a #ec 0 #ajjggfie to #a #ed ------------------------------- ,suppose ! prize 9 a raffle is a horse :i* w\ld be wor? a hundr$ doll>s to y4 ,! highe/ ?r[ s f> is #db1 & !re are only tw5ty m *ances to be ?r[n4 ,x is #b to #a t #db is n beat5 or equall$ because x is #ci to #a t #db is n ?r[n1 & !re are only #bj m *ances to ?r[ x4 ,if #de _h be5 ?r[n1 & !re 7 /ill #ba *ances to be ?r[n1 y w\ld be safe 9 pay+ lib]ally = ! #de *ance4 ,! great mi/ake t p make 9 buy+ or sell+ *ances on ?r[s already made 9 raffles is 9 ?9k+ t because a c]ta9 numb] has n be5 ?r[n1 t !re=e x is likely to be4 ,if !re are #aaf *ances1 !y argue t #dd or bett] %\ld be ?r[n1 because t numb] or high] %\ld come once 9 #aaf times4 ,?is is q "r at ! beg9n+ ( ! raffle1 b x is n "r to assume t because #ajj ( ! #aaf *ances h be5 ?r[n )\t rea*+ #dd1 t ! odds are only #ae to #a t #dd w n be ?r[n 9 ! rema9+ #af *ances4 ,! odds are /ill #aaf to #a aga9/ #dd1 j z !y 7 be=e ! raffle began4 ,if y are go+ back to take into acc\nt ! previ\s ?r[s ( ! dice1 y %\ld "k ! #ajj ?r[s t 7 made ) ^? dice be=e ! raffle began4 ,,crap ,,%oot+4 ,?is game is a simple =m ( ,haz>d1 & :5 play$ 8on ! squ>e10 is "o ( ! faire/ ( all games1 ! p]c5tage 9 fav\r ( ei!r side be+ v small4 ,x is rapidly replac+ ,f>o z ! gambl+ game ( ,am]ica4 ,any numb] ( p]sons may play1 & any "o may be ! ca/] = ! fir/ ?r[4 ,two dice are us$4 ,! play]s bet a c]ta9 am\nt ( money1 & ! ca/] cov]s x1 or z mu* ( x z he c4 ,if ! ca/] does n take all ! bets (f]$1 play]s may back him aga9/ ! o!r play]s4 ,! bets made1 ! ca/] %oots4 ,if ! total ( ! two dice on ! fir/ ?r[ is sev5 or elev51 x is call$ a nick1 or natural1 & ! ca/] imm$iately w9s ! /akes4 ,if ! fir/ ?r[ is two1 ?ree or twelve1 x is a crap1 & ! ca/] imm$iately loses4 ,if ! ca/] ?r[s any numb]1 #d1 #e1 #f1 #h1 #i1 or #aj1 t numb] is 8 po9t1 & he mu/ cont9ue ?r[+ until he ?r[s ! same numb] aga91 9 :i* case he w9s2 or ?r[s a sev51 9 :i* case he loses4 ,two dice may come up 9 ?irty-six diff]5t ways1 ea* ( :i* w produce "o or m ( elev5 possible ?r[s1 runn+ f #b to #ab4 ,! mo/ common ?r[ is sev51 because !re are six ways t ! two dice may come t w make sev52 #f-a1 #e-b1 #d-c1 #c-d1 #b-e & #a-f4 ,! mo/ uncommon are two & twelve1 because !re is only "o way = ea* ( !m to come2 d\ble aces or d\ble sixes4 ,! numb]s ( diff]5t ways 9 :i* ea* ?r[ may come are z foll[s3-- #g may come #f diff]5t ways4 #f or #h may come #e diff]5t ways4 #e or #i may come #d diff]5t ways4 #d or #aj may come #c diff]5t ways4 #c or #aa may come #b diff]5t ways4 #b or #ab c come #a way only4 ,:5 ! ca/] makes 8 fir/ ?r[1 he has #h *ances out ( #cf to get #g or #aa1 :i* w w9 = him2 & #d *ances out ( #cf to ?r[ #b1 #c or #ab1 :i* w lose = him4 ,x does n foll[ f ?is t ! odds are #b to #a 9 fav\r ( ! ca/]1 because !re are only #ab ?r[s out ( ! #cf possible t w br+ any 8action0 on ! bets2 s t ! odds are #b to #a t ! fir/ ?r[ w n settle ! bets ei!r way4 ,aft] ! fir/ ?r[1 ! ca/]'s *ances v>y accord+ to 8 po9t4 ,if 8 po9t 0 six1 he w\ld h #e *ances out ( #cf to ?r[ x aga91 :ile ! play]s w\ld h #f *ances out ( #cf to get a sev54 ,if ! play]'s po9t is f\r or t51 ! odds w be #f to #c aga9/ him2 because !re are only ?ree ways to get 8 po9t1 :ile !re are six ways to get a sev54 ,if ! ca/] w9s he %oots aga91 b :5 he loses he passes ! dice to ! next play] 9 turn4 ,! old game ( ,haz>d 0 a v complicat$ affair comp>$ to mod]n craps1 an intimate k ( odds & probabilities be+ requisite = success4 ,! game 0 g5]ally aga9/ ! ca/]1 & c]ta9 ?r[s 7 b>r$ :5 a c]ta9 numb] 0 ! po9t4 ,^? int]e/$ 9 ! subject w f9d x exhau/ively treat$ 9 ,george ,l[but's 8,game ( ,haz>d ,inve/igat$40 ,,pok] ,,dice4 ,if ord9>y dice are us$1 ! aces rank above ! sixes1 ! deuces be+ ! l[e/4 ,any numb] ( p]sons may play1 & five dice are us$4 ,ea* 9 turn takes ! box & has ?ree ?r[s1 ! fir/ be+ made ) all five dice4 ,aft] ! fir/ ?r[ ! ca/] may lay aside any ( ! five dice he *ooses1 putt+ ! o!rs back 9 ! box = a second ?r[4 ,! same process ( selection is all[$ = ! ?ird ?r[1 any or all five ( ! dice be+ available = ! la/ ?r[4 ,! second & ?ird ?r[s h ! same effect z ! draw at ,pok]1 except t ! dice play] may draw twice if he wi%es to1 & may put back all or any ( ! dice t he kept on ! fir/ or second ?r[s1 or he may /& pat on any ?r[4 ,! object ( ! game is to secure pairs1 triplets1 full h&s1 & f\r or five ( a k9d4 ,/raights d n c\nt 9 ,pok] ,dice4 ,suppose ! play]'s fir/ ?r[ to be a pair ( sixes4 ,he places !m on "o side1 & picks up ! ?ree o!r dice1 ?r[+ !m ov] aga94 ,if ! second ?r[ produc$ ano!r six1 x w\ld be plac$ ) ! fir/ pair1 mak+ a triplet1 & ! two rema9+ dice w\ld be ?r[n aga94 ,:atev] !y produc$ w\ld be ! f9al value ( 8 h&4 ,! play] is n oblig$ to ?r[ aga91 if he is satisfi$ ) 8 fir/ or second ?r[2 nei!r is he oblig$ to leave any pairs or triplets4 ,a play] gett+ two small pairs on ! fir/ ?r[ may put ei!r or bo? ( !m back 9 ! box aga9 if he *ooses4 ,9 ?r[+ = dr9ks or cig>s1 x is usual to ?r[ horse & horse2 t is1 if sev]al p]sons are 9 ! game ! highe/ man on ea* r\nd goes out1 ties %ake x (f imm$iately1 "o h& ea*4 ,aft] x gets d[n to two m51 !y %ake = ! be/ two out ( ?ree h&s1 & if ea* w9s a h& !y are horse & horse1 & ?r[ a ?ird to decide x4 ,! la/ p]son to ?r[ on ea* r\nd foll[s 8 lead1 ?r[+ ! fir/ h& on ! next r\nd4 ,,t5 ,,p9s ,,) ,,dice4 ,any numb] c play1 & ! score %eet is rul$ (f = t5 frames1 j z 9 t5 p9s4 ,only two dice are us$1 & !y are roll$ f a box4 ,sixes c\nt no?+1 & are 8(f ! alley40 ,ea* play] has ?ree balls or rolls1 & he c leave ei!r "o or bo? dice at ! end ( any ?r[4 ,if he leaves "o he picks up ! o!r & ?r[s x aga91 b he mu/ abide by ! figures appe>+ on ! two dice at ! end ( 8 ?ird ?r[4 ,suppose he ?r[s d\ble fives on 8 fir/ ?r[2 t is a /rike1 & is s scor$1 & ! total pips appe>+ on ! two dice at ! end ( 8 second ?r[ on ! next frame w c\nt on ! /rike4 ,suppose he rolls five-deuce ! fir/ "t4 ,he leaves ! five & rolls ! o!r die aga91 gett+ ano!r five4 ,t is a sp>e1 & ! total pips on 8 fir/ ?r[ on ! next frame w c\nt on ! sp>e4 ,if he does n get a sp>e1 x is a break1 & ! total pips on 8 two dice at ! end ( 8 ?ird ?r[ are scor$4 ,x is usual to take up any?+ b fives on ! fir/ ?r[1 on ! *ance ( gett+ a sp>e4 ,if a sp>e is n ?r[n on ! second ?r[1 mo/ play]s leave any?+ z good z ?rees1 & always leave f\rs2 b ace & treys are always ?r[n aga94 ,,base ,,ball ,,) ,,dice4 ,!re are two =ms ( ?is game4 ,9 ! simpl] any numb] ( p]sons may play1 & ?ree dice are us$4 ,ea* play] ?r[s 9 turn1 ! ?ree dice repres5t+ 8 ?ree /rikes4 ,no?+ b aces c\nt1 b ea* ( !m is a run2 & z long z a play] makes runs he goes on ?r[+4 ,:5 ea* play] has _h n9e inn+s ! game is end$1 & ! highe/ score w9s4 ,! m complicat$ =m ( ! game is to h a r\gh diagram ( a base-ball diamond4 ,! play]s take sides1 & ea* is provid$ ) ?ree m>k]s ( diff]5t col\rs1 su* z r$ & :ite pok] *ips4 ,only "o die is us$1 & x is ?r[n f a box4 ,! capta9s ( ! teams ?r[ = ! fir/ "t at ! bat1 ! high] ?r[ w9n+ ! *oice4 ,ea* play] 9 turn ( ! side at ! bat has "o ?r[1 & a m>k] is plac$ on ! base he rea*es4 ,ace1 deuce1 & trey c\nt = fir/1 second1 & ?ird bases respectively2 f\r is a home run4 ,:5 a five or six is ?r[n1 ! result dep5ds on ! numb] ( m5 on bases1 b ! /rik] is always out4 ,if !re are no m5 on bases1 or if all ! bases are full1 ! play] is out if he ?r[s five or six4 ,if !re is only "o man on ! bases & a five is ?r[n1 ! /rik] is caught out1 & ! man on ! base is also caught4 ,if six is ?r[n1 only ! /rik] is caught out1 & ! man holds 8 base4 ,if !re are two m5 on bases1 !y mu/ be 9 "o ( ?ree positions3 on fir/ & second2 on fir/ & ?ird2 or on second & ?ird4 ,9 any position1 only ! /rik] is out on six ?r[n4 ,9 ! la/ position1 if five is ?r[n1 ! /rik] only is out1 z ! m5 _c run4 ,if !re are m5 on fir/ & second1 & five is ?r[n1 ! /rik] is out1 & ! man on second is caught try+ to /eal ?ird2 :ile ! man on fir/ holds 8 base4 ,if five is ?r[n :5 !re are m5 on fir/ & ?ird1 ! /rik] is out1 & ! man on ?ird is safe1 b ! man on fir/ is caught try+ to /eal second4 ,:5 bases are ?r[n1 !y are safe hits1 & all ! m5 on bases are advanc$ z _m z ! man at ! bat ?r[s4 ,z soon z ?ree m5 on ea* side h /ruck or be5 caught out by ?r[+ five or six1 ! side is out1 & all m5 left on bases c\nt = no?+4 ,z long z ?ree m5 are n out1 ! side cont9ues to s5d its m5 to ! bat 9 regul> ord]4 ,,go+ ,,to ,,bo/on4 ,?is game is kn[n 9 ! colonies z ,yankee ,grab1 or ,newm>ket4 ,ea* play] has ?ree ?r[s ) ?ree dice1 & ! highe/ die 9 ea* ?r[ is laid aside4 ,if two are equally high1 only "o is reta9$4 ,! o!rs are return$ to ! box & ?r[n aga94 ,! high] ( ^! two is reta9$1 & ! ?ird die is ?r[n aga94 ,! f9al total ( ! ?ree dice is ! play]'s score1 & ! highe/ w9s4 ,9 ! colonies ! ace c\nts z sev54 ,! game is usually play$ = a pool4 ,,ace ,,9 ,,! ,,pot4 ,any numb] c play1 & two dice are us$4 ,! game is = a pool1 :i* is won by ! f9al possessor ( a s+le c\nt]4 ,at ! beg9n+ ea* play] has two c\nt]s1 & ea* 9 turn ?r[s ! two dice4 ,if he ?r[s an ace he pu%es "o ( 8 c\nt]s into ! pot2 two aces gets rid ( bo?4 ,if he ?r[s a six on ei!r die1 he passes a c\nt] to 8 left-h& neighb\r1 :o w h ! next ?r[4 ,two sixes passes bo? c\nt]s if ! ca/] /ill has s _m4 ,! play]s ?r[ 9 turn until all ! c\nt]s b "o h be5 plac$ 9 ! pot4 ,if a play] has no c\nt]s1 ! ?r[ passes him to ! next play] on 8 left :o has c\nt]s 9 front ( him4 ,! la/ c\nt] ( all _c be put 9 ! pot by ?r[+ an ace2 b x mu/ be pass$ along to ! left :5 a six is ?r[n4 ,! play] ) ! la/ c\nt] 9 front ( him mu/ ?r[ bo? dice ?ree times 9 succession1 & if he succe$s 9 avoid+ a six1 he keeps ! c\nt] & w9s ! pool4 ,if he ?r[s a six1 ! play] :o gets ! c\nt] mu/ ?r[ ?ree times1 & s on1 until "s "o ?r[s ?ree times )\t gett+ a six4 ,in/ead ( a pool1 x is sometimes agre$ t ! f9al hold] ( ! la/ c\nt] %all pay = ! refre%m5ts4 ,,multiplication4 ,any numb] c play1 & ?ree dice are us$4 ,ea* play] ?r[s 9 turn1 & ! highe/ die is left on ! table2 if two are equally high1 only "o rema9s4 ,! two o!r dice are ?r[n aga91 & ! high] left4 ,! sum ( ^! two is !n add$ toge!r1 & ! ?ird die is ?r[n z a multipli]1 ! result ( ! multiplication be+ ! play]'s score4 ,,r\nd ,,! ,,spot4 ,any numb] c play1 & ?ree dice are us$4 ,no?+ c\nts b ! spots t surr\nd a c5tre "o2 s t ace1 deuce1 f\r1 & six c\nt z blanks4 ,! trey c\nts z #b1 & ! five z #d4 ,ea* play] has ?ree ?r[s ) ! ?ree dice1 & ! highe/ total w9s4 ,,v+t-,,et-,,un4 ,any numb] ( p]sons c play1 mak+ up a pool = ! w9n]4 ,a s+le die is us$1 & ea* play] 9 turn ?r[s z (t5 z he pleases4 ,! object is to get z ne> tw5ty-"o z possible )\t pass+ x1 & x is usually consid]$ be/ to /& at #ah1 b to ?r[ aga9 at #ag4 ,if a play] goes beyond #ba1 he is out ( x4 ,! "o gett+ ne>e/ #ba takes ! pool2 ties divide x4 ,,c5t5nial4 ,two p]sons or sides play ) ?ree dice4 ,! object ( ! game is to secure pips on ! dice1 or multiples ( pips1 :i* w make ! figures f #a to #ab 9 num]ical ord]1 & aft]w>d ! numb]s f #ab to #a aga94 ,! fir/ side to accompli% ?is w9s ! game4 ,!re mu/ be an ace 9 ! fir/ ?r[ or no?+ c\nts2 t obta9$1 any foll[+ numb]s may be made s+ly1 or by add+ two or m toge!r4 ,suppose ! fir/ ?r[ is #d1 #b1 #a4 ,! #a & #b w make #a1 #b & #c4 ,!n ! #d1 #a1 #b w make #d1 #e1 #f & #g4 ,ea* side cont9ues to ?r[ until x fails to score1 :5 ! box mu/ be pass$ to ! adv]s>y4 ,if a comb9ation is ov]look$ by "o side1 ! o!r may c\nt x if x cont9ues ! sequ5ce on _! side4 ,,help ,,y\r ,,neighb\r4 ,six p]sons play1 ) ?ree dice1 & five po9ts is ,game4 ,ea* play] has a numb]1 f #a to #f1 & is provid$ ) five c\nt]s1 & ! fir/ to get rid ( !m w9s4 ,ea* play] 9 rotation has "o ?r[1 & no matt] :at he ?r[s1 ! play] ^: numb] appe>s on ! upp] face ( any die ?r[n c\nts "o po9t t[>d game4 ,if ,no4 #b %\ld ?r[ a f\r & two sixes1 = in/ance1 he w\ld c\nt no?+ himself1 b ,no4 #d w\ld c\nt #a1 & ,no4 #f w\ld c\nt #b po9ts t[>d game4 ,,passe ,,dix4 ,any play] c be ! bank] = ! fir/ r\nd1 & he holds 8 position z long z he w9s4 ,:5 he loses1 he passes ! box to ! play] on 8 left h&4 ,he has ?ree dice1 :i* he ?r[s 9 "o ca/1 aft] ! play]s h made _! bets4 ,if he gets t5 or m1 he w9s4 ,if he gets less ?an t51 he loses4 ,8 advantage lies 9 w9n+ :5 he gets t5 exactly2 because t gives him n9e ?r[s t w9 = him out ( ! sixte5 possible ) ?ree dice4 ,,%uffle ,,bo>d4 ,%uffle ,bo>d is play$ on a table #cj feet long & #bj in*es wide1 ) a gutt] runn+ all r\nd x4 ,! bo>d is spr9kl$ ) v f9e s&4 ,f\r weights are us$ by ea* side1 m>k$ ,a & ,b to di/+ui% !m4 ,^! weights are ( iron or brass1 #b in*es 9 diamet]1 & in* ?ick4 ,five in*es f ea* end ( ! bo>d & p>allel ) x is ! deuce l9e4 ,! object ( ! game is to pu% ! weights f "o end ( ! bo>d to ! o!r1 ea* side play+ "o weight alt]nately until all f\r weights on ea* side are play$4 ,all pieces ov] ! deuce l9e c\nt #b1 b if a piece hangs ov] ! end ( ! bo>d x is a %ip1 & c\nts #c4 ,if !re are no %ips or deuces1 ! weight ly+ ne>e/ to ! deuce l9e c\nts "o po9t4 ,only "o %ip or deuce c be c\nt$ 9 ea* r\nd1 s t only "o side c score4 ,! %ip t ov]hangs ! mo/1 or ! deuce ne>e/ ! edge1 c\nts4 ,tw5ty-"o po9ts is game4 ,! sides play f ea* end alt]nately4 ,on %ip bo>d1 ! pieces are wood5 disks1 six in*es 9 diamet]1 m>k$ ) oughts & crosses4 ,^! are pu%$ along ! deck ) long /icks t h enl>g$ & flatt5$ ends to fit ! pieces4 ,! object is to get ea* piece to settle fairly & squ>ely )9 ! bord]s ( "s "o ( a numb] ( spaces :i* are *alk$ out on a diagram ab\t #aj feet by #f1 :i* is ab\t #cj feet f ! play]4 ,^! spaces are numb]$ f #a to #aj1 & "s ( !m are m>k$ 8m9us40 ,ea* side has f\r %ots ) f\r sep>ate pieces4 ,fifty po9ts is game4 ,,billi>ds4 ,,! ,,table4 ,! /&>d ,am]ican billi>d table = *ampion%ip games is t5 feet by five2 b t 9 common use is n9e by f\r & a half4 ,! old tables = ! f\r-ball game _h only f\r pockets1 b all mod]n pool tables h six4 ,! ,engli% billi>d tables are all twelve feet by six1 ) six pockets1 :i* are us$ = bo? billi>ds & pool4 ,! head ( ! table is ! end f :i* ! play]s make _! op5+ %ots1 & ! foot is t on :i* ! r$ ball is spott$4 ,! baulk is ! space at ! head ( ! table beh9d a l9e drawn f ! second diamonds or 8sights0 ?r\gh ! :ite spot4 ,! 8,d0 is ! semicircle on ! baulk l9e on ,engli% tables4 ,am]ican tables are made m difficult = *ampion%ip games by draw+ baulk l9es #h or #ad in*es f ! cu%ions1 b>r+ ! rail nurse & ! an*or %ot4 ,! ,engli% game is made difficult by mak+ ! cu%ions high]1 ! pockets n>r[]1 & b>r+ ! spot /roke4 ,! pu% %ot is all[$ 9 ! ,engli% game1 b 9 ,am]ica x is p]mitt$ only 9 pool2 nev] 9 ! c>rom game4 ,! ,am]ican c>rom game _c be play$ on an ,engli% table on acc\nt ( ! pockets4 ,if ! ,engli% game is play$ on an ,am]ican pool table ! r$ spot %\ld be only n9e in*es f ! bottom rail1 & ! 8,d0 %\ld be drawn ) a radius ( elev5 in*es f ! :ite spot on ! baulk l9e4 ,! ,d is nev] m>k$ on an ,am]ican table1 b ! op5+ %ot 9 ! ?ree-ball game mu/ be made f )9 a semicircle ( six in* radius f ! :ite spot4 ,9 ! f\r-ball game1 & 9 all =ms ( ,am]ican ,pool1 ! play] may place 8 ball any:]e )9 ! baulk l9e4 ,,! ,,balls4 ,! ,am]ican /&>d balls are #b in*es 9 diamet]1 :ile ! ,engli% are only #b-a_/af4 ,billi>d balls %\ld be c>efully protect$ f sudd5 *anges 9 temp]ature by be+ laid away 9 bran or sawdu/ 9 cold wea!r4 ,x is a mi/ake to soak ! balls 9 oil2 all !y ne$ is to be wip$ (f ) a damp clo?1 & poli%$ ) *amois sk94 ,! ?ree balls employ$ 9 bo? ! ,engli% & ,am]ican games are kn[n z ! r$1 :ite1 & spot :ite4 ,9 play !y are di/+ui%$ z ! cue ball1 :i* is ! "o /ruck by ! play]2 ! object ball1 :i* is ! "o t ! cue ball fir/ comes into contact )2 & ! c>rom ball1 :i* is ! second ball /ruck by ! cue ball 9 mak+ a c>rom4 ,,! ,,%ots4 ,!re are ?ree %ots common to billi>ds3 ,! c>rom or cannon1 9 :i* a c\nt is made by ! cue ball /rik+ bo? ! o!r balls on ! table4 ,! w9n+ haz>d1 9 :i* ! object or ! c>rom ball is driv5 into a pocket4 ,! los+ haz>d1 9 :i* ! cue ball goes into a pocket aft] contact ) ano!r ball4 ,!re are five ways ( mak+ ! pr9cipal %ots at billi>ds1 & !y %\ld be ?or\ghly ma/]$ by e play]4 ,^! are3 ,! =ce1 ! foll[1 ! draw1 ! mass1 & ! side /roke4 ,illu/ration ,! fir/ great pr9ciple 9 billi>ds is t ! cue ball w always travel 9 ! direction 9 :i* ! cue is po9t$4 ,hold+ ! cue upw>d1 d[nw>d or sidewise makes no diff]5ce2 ! l9e ( travel w be a prolongation ( ! l9e ( ! cue4 ,9 ! ?ree ways ( /rik+ ! cue ball %[n 9 ! diagram 9 ! m>g91 ! ball w g 9 ! direction ( ! arr[ 9 ea* in/ance4 ,illu/ration ,if ! cue is held ne>ly level ) ! surface ( ! table ! ball w be pu%$ or roll$ along2 b if ! cue is held p]p5dicul>ly1 & ! ball is /ruck directly on ! top1 ! ball w be p9*$ to ! table1 z 9 ! fir/ figure 9 ! m>g91 & w n move4 ,if ! ball is /ruck (f ! c5tre1 z 9 ! second figure1 x w travel only a %ort di/ance1 z a result ( ! cue's be+ =c$ pa/ x t[>d ! clo?1 & w !n return ) a v /rong retrograde motion aft] t\*+ ! object ball4 ,if ! cue /rikes too ne> ! top1 ! p9* w be too /rong = ! cue ball to rea* ! object ball1 & if ! cue is n held p]p5dicul>ly1 ! ball w n return4 ,if ! cue po9ts t[>d ! c5tre ( ! ball1 z 9 ! ?ird figure1 ! ball w be driv5 =w>d1 )\t any t5d5cy to return aft] /rik+ ! object ball4 ,! latt] %ot is useful 9 mak+ a 8close foll[10 to avoid mak+ a f\l4 ,! ,=ce ,%ot4 ,! beg9n] at billi>ds %\ld /rike 8 ball always exactly 9 ! c5tre1 until he le>ns ! angles4 ,) mod]ate /r5g? ! effect ( ! /roke is to cause ! ball to roll naturally along ! clo? until x rea*es ! object ball1 aft] :i* x w be deflect$ f its orig9al c\rse accord+ to ! angle at :i* ! object ball is /ruck4 ,if ! cue ball is /ruck v h>d1 h[ev]1 & v slightly bel[ ! c5tre1 x w slide = a c]ta9 di/ance be=e beg9n+ to roll1 & if x rea*es ! object ball be=e ?is slid+ motion ceases x w simply come to a /op1 or g (f at a "r angle if ! object ball is n /ruck exactly 9 ! c5tre4 ,?is me?od ( =c+ a ball to g (f at a "r angle is call$ 8screw+0 9 ,engl&4 ,illu/ration ,! ,foll[ ,%ot4 ,if ! cue ball is /ruck above ! c5tre1 ! roll+ motion is set up at once1 no matt] h[ h>d ! ball is /ruck1 & ! effect ( contact ) ! object ball is simply to *eck ! motion = a mom5t1 aft] :i* ! cue ball rolls =w>d aga91 deflect$ only by ! angle at :i* ! object ball 0 /ruck4 ,! great art 9 mak+ foll[ %ots is to let ! cue foll[ ! ball1 ! tip pass+ at lea/ ?ree in*es beyond :]e ! ball /ood1 z %[n by ! dott$ l9es 9 ! diagram4 ,:5 ! balls are v close toge!r ! cue mu/ be lift$1 & ! ball /ruck v mu* on "o side1 ! cue be+ beh9d ! c5tre1 z %[n 9 ! ?ird position 9 ! diagram ( p9* %ots4 ,illu/ration ,! ,draw ,%ot4 ,?is is exactly ! rev]se ( ! foll[ %ot1 ! ball be+ /ruck bel[ ! c5tre1 & ! cue pass+ at lea/ ?ree in*es beyond :]e ! ball /ood1 z %[n 9 ! diagram4 ,?is gives ! cue ball a retrograde motion1 simil> to t imp>t$ to a *ild's hoop by sp9n+ x backw>d :ile ?r[+ x =w>d1 s z to make x return4 ,if ! object ball is rea*$ be=e ?is retrograde motion is exhau/$1 ! effect w be to /op ! =w>d motion ( ! cue ball1 & to give :at is left ( ! retrograde motion full play1 mak+ ! cue ball return4 ,! two great mi/akes made by beg9n]s 9 play+ draw %ots are t !y pull ! cue back1 in/ead ( driv+ x cle> ?r\gh ! ball aim$ at1 & t !y /rike s h>d t ! =w>d motion ( ! cue ball is too /rong = ! retrograde motion to ov]come x1 or ! object ball to /op x4 ,x is nev] necess>y to /rike h>d] ?an suffici5t to rea* ! object ball & get back to ! c>rom ball1 unless "o is play+ = position4 ,:5 ! balls are s close toge!r t to run ! cue ?r\gh ! ball w\ld make a f\l %ot1 ! draw may /ill be made by po9t+ ! cue (f to ! side1 & pu%+ x pa/ ! cue ball1 in/ead ( ?r\gh x4 ,?is w secure ! retrograde motion1 b accompani$ by a great deal ( twi/1 :i* mu/ be calculat$ = if ! cue ball is to /rike a cu%ion4 ,a %ort draw may also be made by us+ ! p9*4 ,illu/ration ,! ,mass4 ,mo/ play]s imag9e ?is to be a v difficult %ot1 b x is extremely simple if ! pr9ciple ( ! direction ( ! cue & ! effect ( ! p9* are kept 9 view4 ,if we place ! ?ree balls 9 a /raight l9e1 ab\t f\r in*es ap>t1 we h ! simple/ =m ( ! mass4 ,to f9d ! exact spot at :i* ! cue ball mu/ be /ruck1 jo9 ! c5tres ( ! cue & object balls by an imag9>y l9e ,a-,b4 ,at "r angles to ?is w be a l9e ,a-,e1 & no matt] :i* side ( ! ball ,b y wi% to mass ^u1 y\r cue mu/ /rike ! ball ,a some:]e on ! l9e ,a-,e4 ,suppose y wi% to mass to ! left1 z %[n 9 ! diagram4 ,! p9* mu/ be made on ! ball ab\t a qu>t] f ! top1 ! cue be+ po9t$ 9 ! direction 9 :i* y want ! ball to g1 :i* w be to ! extreme edge ( ,b1 on ! l9e ,c-,d4 ,! cue mu/ be held at an angle ( ab\t #gj degrees4 ,a firm b light bl[ ) a well *alk$ cue w p9* y\r ball t[>d ,e2 b ! direction ( ! cue w propel x t[>d ,d4 ,if ! cue has be5 held at ! "r angle1 & y h n /ruck too h>d1 ! ball w feel ! effect ( ^! two =ces equally1 :i* w make x move t[>d a po9t half way betwe5 ,d & ,e1 :i* w be ,f4 ,! retrograde motion be+ /rong] ?an ! propulsion ( ! p9*1 w gradually ov]come x1 & ! ball w return t[>d ,g4 ,contact ) ! ball ,b w cause x to lose all b ! =w>d motion1 & x w roll easily t[>d ,h1 mak+ ! c>rom4 ,! ,side ,/roke4 ,x is a popul> delusion t ! only way to *ange ! c\rse ( a ball is by giv+ x 8twi/10 8,engli%10 or 8side40 ,side has little or no influ5ce on ! cue ball until x t\*es a cu%ion4 ,/rik+ above or bel[ ! c5tre is all t is necess>y4 ,if x is requir$ to v>y ! angle at :i* ! object ball is to be /ruck1 ! di/ance bel[ ! c5tre w *ange ! angle ( direction 9 ! cue ball )\t any side /roke4 ,! art ( accompli%+ ?is is call$ comp5sation1 an illu/ration ( :i* is giv5 9 ! diagram1 ,a be+ ! cue ball1 & ,b ! object ball4 ,?is is a half draw or =ce %ot1 ! ball be+ /ruck ab\t half way betwe5 its c5tre & ! clo?4 ,if we draw imag9>y l9es connect+ ! c5tres ( ,a-,b & ,b-,c1 & bisect ! angle1 we get ! po9t ,d1 :i* ! cue ball mu/ /rike to make ! c>rom4 ,?is w drive ! object ball 9 ! direction ,d-,e2 b if x is desirable t ! object ball %\ld g m 9 ! direction ,g-,f1 s z to secure a bett] position = ! next %ot1 ! cue ball w h to /rike at ,g1 :i* w make a draw %ot1 br++ x back 9 ! direction ,h1 secur+ ! position1 b miss+ ! c\nt4 ,9 ?is position ! ignorant play] puts on side1 b all t is necess>y to comp5sate = ?is deviation 9 ! po9t ( impact is to approa* ! po9t ( ! cue t[>d ! c5tre ( ! ball ! exact di/ance t ! po9t ,g is f ! po9t ,d4 ,! high] ! po9t ( ! cue is rais$1 ! fur!r ! ball w g f ! l9e ,d-,h4 ,if /ruck mu* above ! c5tre1 x w foll[ ?r\gh ! object ball1 pass+ beyond ! ball ,c altoge!r4 ,illu/ration ,:5 side is put ^u a ball1 x sp9s 9 t direction4 ,if x is /ruck on ! left1 & !n goes to a cu%ion directly 9 front ( x1 x w t5d to fly (f ! cu%ion t[>d ! left1 mak+ ! angle wid]4 ,if a ball sp9n+ to ! left goes to a cu%ion on ! left1 x w t5d to make ! angle small]1 & ! effect s produc$ is call$ rev]se ,engli%1 :i* t5ds to sl[ ! cue ball4 ,,! ,,am]ican ,,game4 ,9 ! ,am]ican game e c>rom c\nts "o po9t1 & ! numb] ( po9ts t w con/itute a game mu/ be agre$ ^u be=e play beg9s4 ,! play]s /r+ = ! lead1 ! "o br++ 8 ball ne>] ! head cu%ion hav+ ! *oice ( balls & ( ! fir/ %ot4 ,! great art 9 ! ,am]ican game is to keep ! balls 9 front ( y1 s z to leave y\rself a comp>atively easy %ot4 ,e "t y get ! cue ball betwe5 ! two o!rs y w f9d y\rself 9 difficulties2 b :5ev] bo? ! balls are 9 front ( ! cue ball1 !re w be "s *ance to score4 ,:5 !re is a *oice ( sev]al ways ( mak+ a %ot1 ! balls be+ wide ap>t1 x w usually be f\nd t "o ( !m w br+ ! balls into bett] position ?an ! o!rs1 & = t reason x is call$ a ga!r+ %ot4 ,! exp]t tries to get ! balls on ! rail by a s]ies ( ^! ga!r+ %ots1 & if any ( ! ?ree positions %[n 9 ! diagram c be arriv$ at1 a l>ge run may be made by ! rail nurse4 ,:5 ! balls are n left 9 "o ( ^! positions !y are said to break1 b !re are sev]al positions 9 :i* !y may be recov]$ by a kiss or a mass %ot4 ,9 ,no4 #d1 ! play] mu/ be c>eful to come back on ! prop] side ( ! c>rom ball1 s z to get back to position #b1 if possible4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,:5 ! play] rea*es ! corn]1 !re are ?ree pr9cipal positions = accompli%+ ! turn4 ,9 ! fir/ %[n1 ! spot :ite mu/ be t\*$ v lightly on ! left side1 ! cue ball go+ to ! cu%ion ) a /rong ,engli% on ! "r side4 ,9 ! second position1 ! r$ ball is b>ely t\*$4 ,! ?ird position is a light =ce %ot b w\ld be a half foll[ if ! spot :ite 7 fur!r out4 ,,baulk-,,l9e ,,billi>ds4 ,pr(essionals became s skilful 9 rail nurs+ t ! baulk-l9e 0 introduc$ to keep ! balls away f ! rail4 ,?is is a *alk l9e1 #aj1 #ab1 #ad1 or #ah in*es f ! cu%ions1 accord+ to agreem5t1 divid+ ! table into eight baulk spaces1 z %[n 9 ! diagram4 ,illu/ration ,x is f\l if m ?an two successive %ots are made on balls bo? ( :i* are )9 any "o ( ! eight int]dict$ spaces4 ,bo? balls be+ )9 ! space1 ! /rik] c play on !m once )\t s5d+ ei!r out2 8 next /roke mu/ s5d at lea/ "o out4 ,%\ld x return1 & bo? balls be aga9 inside1 he c play "o %ot1 z be=e1 )\t s5d+ ei!r out4 ,?is process may be repeat$ ad libitum4 ,%\ld ! second /roke fail to s5d a ball out x does n c\nt1 ! /rik]'s h& is out1 & ! next /rik] plays at ! balls z he f9ds !m4 ,illu/ration ,! great art 9 baulk-l9e nurs+ is to get ! object & c>rom balls a/ride ! l9e1 & !n to foll[ ! pr9ciple ( ! rail nurse4 ,! an*or %ot is n[ b>r$ 9 *ampion%ip games4 ,x consi/$ 9 gett+ two balls froz5 to ! cu%ion a/ride ( "o end ( a l9e1 & !n j rubb+ _! faces ) ! cue ball4 ,9 ! baulk-l9e nurse !re are ?ree pr9cipal positions1 & two turns1 z %[n 9 ! diagram4 ,9 ,no4 #c ! r$ ball mu/ be driv5 to ! rail & back ) great accuracy1 leav+ ! balls 9 position ,no4 #a aga94 ,! turns are v difficult4 ,,cu%ion ,,c>roms4 ,?is is a v>iety ( ! ?ree-ball game 9 :i* a cu%ion mu/ be t\*$ by ! cue ball be=e ! c>rom is complet$4 ,! cu%ion may be /ruck fir/1 & ! object ball aft]w>d1 or ! object ball fir/1 & !n ! cu%ion4 ,9 ! ,?ree-cu%ion ,c>rom ,game1 ?ree cu%ions mu/ be t\*$ by ! cue ball be=e complet+ ! c\nt4 ,9 ! ,bank-%ot ,game1 ! cue ball mu/ /rike at lea/ "o cu%ion be=e t\*+ ! object ball4 ,! ,f\r-ball ,game is n[ obsolete4 ,x 0 fir/ play$ on a table ) corn] pockets1 & aft]w>d on a c>rom table1 two r$ balls be+ us$1 "o spott$ on ! r$ & ! o!r on ! :ite spot4 ,two c>roms c\ld be made on "o %ot4 ,! foll[+ are ! mo/ important ,,laws ( ! c>rom game1 & are copi$ by p]mission f ! #aijh edition ( ! 8,laws ( ,billi>ds10 publi%$ by ! ,brunswick-,balke-,coll5d] ,co4 ,,am]ican ,,billi>d ,,laws4 #a4 ,! game is begun by /r++ = ! lead2 ! play] :o br+s 8 ball ne>e/ to ! cu%ion at ! head ( ! table w9n+ ! *oice ( balls & ! "r to play fir/ or to compel 8 oppon5t to play4 ,%\ld ! /rik] fail to c\nt1 8 oppon5t makes ! next play1 aim+ at w at ei!r ball on ! table4 #b4 ,a c>rom consi/s 9 hitt+ bo? object-balls ) ! cue-ball 9 a fair & unobjectionable way2 ea* c>rom w c\nt "o = ! play]4 ,a p5alty ( "o %all also be c\nt$ aga9/ ! play] = e miss occurr+ dur+ ! game4 #c4 ,a ball =c$ (f ! table is put back on its prop] spot4 ,%\ld ! play]'s ball jump (f ! table aft] c\nt+1 ! c\nt is good1 ! ball is spott$1 & ! play] plays f ! spot4 #d4 ,if 9 play+ a %ot ! cue is n )drawn f ! cue-ball be=e ! cue-ball comes 9 contact ) ! object-ball1 ! %ot is f\l1 ! play] loses 8 c\nt1 & 8 h& is out4 #e4 ,if ! balls are di/urb$ accid5tally ?r\gh ! m$ium ( any ag5cy o!r ?an ! play] himself1 !y mu/ be replac$ & ! play] all[$ to proce$4 #f4 ,if 9 ! act ( play+ ! play] di/urbs any ball o!r ?an 8 own1 he _c make a c\nt+ /roke1 b he may play = safety4 ,%\ld he di/urb a ball aft] hav+ play$ successfully1 he loses 8 c\nt on t %ot2 8 h& is out1 & ! ball s di/urb$ is plac$ back z ne>ly z possible 9 ! position :i* x =m]ly occupi$ on ! table1 ! o!r balls rema9+ :]e !y /op4 #g4 ,%\ld a play] t\* 8 own ball ) ! cue or o!rwise previ\s to play+1 x is f\l1 ! play] loses "o1 & _c play = safety4 ,x sometimes happ5s t ! play] aft] hav+ t\*$ 8 ball gives a second /roke1 !n ! balls rema9 :]e !y /op1 or are replac$ z ne>ly z possible 9 _! =m] position at ! option ( 8 oppon5t4 #h4 ,:5 ! cue-ball is v ne> ano!r1 ! play] %all n play )\t w>n+ 8 adv]s>y t !y d n t\*1 & giv+ him suffici5t "t to satisfy himself on t po9t4 #i4 ,:5 ! cue-ball is 9 contact ) ano!r1 ! balls are spott$ & ! play] plays ) 8 ball 9 h&4 #aj4 ,play+ ) ! wrong ball is f\l4 ,h[ev]1 %\ld ! play] us+ ! wrong ball play m ?an "o %ot ) x1 he %all be entitl$ to 8 score j ! same z if he _h play$ ) 8 own2 z soon z 8 h& is out1 ! :ite balls mu/ *ange places1 & ! game proce$ z usual4 ,,on ,,f\l ,,/rokes4--,x is a f\l1 & no c\nt c be made3 #a4 ,if a /roke is made except ) ! po9t ( ! cue4 #b4 ,if ! cue is n )drawn f ! cue-ball be=e ! latt] comes 9 contact ) an object-ball4 #c4 ,if ! /rik]1 :5 9 h&1 plays f any position n )9 ! six-in* radius4 #d4 ,if1 9 ! act ( /rik+1 he has n at lea/ "o foot t\*+ ! floor4 #e4 ,if he /rikes :ile a ball is 9 motion1 unless x has come to a re/1 z provid$ 9 ,sec4 #aj on ,f\l ,/rokes4 #f4 ,if he plays ) ! wrong ball1 except z provid$ 9 =ego+ ,law #aj4 #g4 ,if ! play] t\*es ! cue-ball m ?an once 9 any way1 or h9d]s or accel]ates x 9 any o!r way ?an by a legitimate /roke ( ! cue2 or if1 dur+ a /roke or aft] x1 he 9 any way t\*es1 h9d]s1 or accel]ates an object-ball1 except by ! "o /roke ( ! cue-ball to :i* he is entitl$4 #h4 ,z t\*+ any ball 9 any way is a /roke1 a second t\* is a f\l4 #i4 ,x is a f\l aga9/ ! /rik] if any ball be di/urb$1 ha/5$1 or h9d]$ by an oppon5t or any "o b himself1 :e!r ! ball or balls are at re/ :ile he is aim+ or /rik+1 9 motion aft] he has /ruck1 or at re/ aga9 aft] he has /ruck1 & p5d+ 8 aga9 tak+ aim4 #aj4 ,%\ld a ball t has once come to a /&/ill move )\t app>5t cause1 :ile ! play] is prep>+ to /rike1 x %all be replac$4 ,%\ld x move be=e he c *eck 8 /roke1 x1 & all o!r balls set 9 motion by t /roke1 %all be replac$1 & ! play] %all repeat 8 %ot1 inasmu* z b = ! mov+ ( ! ball1 he might h c\nt$ :]e he miss$1 or miss$ :]e he c\nt$4 #aa4 ,x is a f\l if ! /rik] plays directly at any ball ) :i* 8 own is 9 fix$ contact1 & ! /rik] mu/ 9 ?is in/ance play f balls spott$1 z 9 ! op5+ /roke ( ! game4 #ab4 ,x is a f\l to place m>ks ( any k9d ^u ! clo? or cu%ions z a guide to play2 also f\l to practise ! bank+ %ot = ! lead-(f ^u ! plea ( te/+ ! balls4 #ac4 ,x is a f\l aga9/ ! non-/rik]1 & ! /rik] _c make a c\nt on ! ensu+ %ot1 if a ball 9 play is lift$ f ! table1 except x be unavoidable 9 ^? cases 9 :i* x is provid$ t1 because ( f\l or irregul> /rokes1 ! balls %all be transpos$ or replac$4 #ad4 ,9 ord] to re/rict delib]ate play+ = safety1 x %all be optional ) ! non-/rik]1 if 8 oppon5t makes a miss 9 ea* "o ( ?ree successive inn+s1 to accept ! ?ird miss or to reject x & =ce 8 antagoni/ to hit at lea/ "o object-ball2 & = ?is purpose t antagoni/'s ball %all be replac$ by ! ref]ee4 ,%\ld two balls be hit by ?is /roke1 !re %all be no c\nt4 ,,fifte5-,,ball ,,pool4 ,! mo/ successful pool play] is n ! "o :o c make difficult w9n+ haz>ds ) ! greate/ accuracy1 b he :o ?or\ghly und]/&s play+ = position4 ,if he is famili> ) ! pr9ciples ( ! =ce1 ! foll[1 ! draw1 & ! side /roke1 he %\ld inv>iably be able to leave himself 9 a good position = ea* succe$+ %ot2 b unless he plans = position 9 advance1 he c nev] hope to be m ?an an av]age play]4 ,to atta9 to pr(ici5cy 9 ?is !re is no bett] tra9+ ?an play+ s _m balls or 8no c\nt40 ,!re are "s %ots peculi> to w9n+ haz>ds :i* %\ld be und]/ood by e pool play]1 & !y are illu/rat$ 9 ! accompany+ diagrams4 ,illu/ration ,no4 #a is ! /irab\t1 & is a comb9ation ( ! p9* & pu% %ots4 ,x is us$ :5 ! cue & object balls are bo? v close to ! pocket1 b n 9 su* a position z to all[ ! play] to 8cut0 ! ball 94 ,! cue is held p]p5dicul>ly1 & z l[ d[n on ! ball z x w hold )\t slipp+ (f4 ,! ball is !n sl[ly roll$ ov] ) ! po9t ( ! cue until ! cue beg9s to desc5d on ! o!r side4 ,! cue ball is !n pu%$ aga9/ ! object ball1 /ill ) ! po9t ( ! cue4 ,no4 #b w drive ! spot :ite into ! pocket if x is froz5 to ! r$ ball4 ,no4 #c is a v useful pu% %ot :5 ! balls are close toge!r4 ,! cue is kept /eadily on ! cue ball until ! object ball has be5 pu%$ to "o side4 ,! mom5t ! latt] is at ! prop] angle to run into ! pocket ! cue is appli$ %>ply1 & !n )drawn4 ,no4 #d is a pu% %ot us$ :5 ! balls are froz5 to ! cu%ion4 ,! cue ball mu/ be kept 9 contact ) ! object ball until ! latt] has acquir$ suffici5t mom5tum to rea* ! pocket4 ,no4 #e is a %ot :i* 0 ?\ght impossible until a few ye>s ago4 ,x dep5ds on ! communication ( side to ! object ball4 ,! cue ball is /ruck v mu* on ! side1 almo/ l a mass1 ! sp9 ?us giv5 be+ communicat$ to ! object ball & f t to ! second ball1 to :i* x mu/ be froz54 ,! result w be t ! second ball w make a slight curve on its way to ! pocket4 ,false ,angles4 ,9 play+ bank %ots x is sometimes necess>y to make ! object ball come back f ! cu%ion at a small] angle ?an ! natural "o4 ,"s play]s imag9e ?is c be done by putt+ side on ! cue ball1 b su* is n ! case4 ,x is accompli%$ by /rik+ s h>d t ! ball buries itself 9 ! cu%ion1 ! result ( :i* is t ! angle ( reflection is less ?an t ( incid5ce4 ,x is possible to drive an object ball to ! rail at an angle ( #fj degrees ) su* =ce t aft] cross+ ! table twice x w come (f at a p]fect "r angle f ! cu%ion4 ,?is is a v useful %ot 9 bank+ = ! side pockets1 & also 9 play+ = ! #a or #d p9 at ,p9 ,pool4 ,! foll[+ ,,laws = ,fifte5-,ball ,pool are copi$1 by p]mission1 f ! #aijh edition ( ! rules publi%$ by ! ,brunswick-,balke-,coll5d] ,co4 #a4 ,! game ( ,fifte5-,ball ,pool is play$ ) fifte5 balls numb]$ f "o to fifte51 respectively1 & "o :ite ball n numb]$4 ,! latt] is ! cue-ball1 & at ! op5+ ( ! game1 ! play] plays ) x f )9 ! /r+ at ! head ( ! table1 at any ( ! numb]$ balls1 & aft]w>d z he f9ds x on ! table1 8 object be+ to pocket z _m ( ! numb]$ balls z he c1 ! numb] on ea* ball he pockets be+ scor$ to 8 cr$it2 s t n he :o pockets ! l>ge/ numb] ( balls1 b he ^: score1 :5 add$ up1 yields ! l>ge/ total1 w9s ! game4 ,be=e comm5c+ ! game ^! fifte5 balls are plac$ 9 ! =m ( a triangle ^u ! table--a triangul> frame be+ employ$ = ?is purpose to insure correctness4 ,! ball numb]$ fifte5 is s plac$ ^u ! table z to =m ! apex ( ! triangle1 po9t+ upw>d t[>d ! head ( ! table1 & 9 =m+ ! triangle ! fifte5-ball %\ld re/ z ne>ly z possible ^u ! spot kn[n z ! deep-r$ spot 9 ! ,?ree-,ball ,game4 ,! o!r balls %\ld h _! places 9 ! triangle s t ! highe/ numb]s %all be ne>e/ ! apex1 ! l[e/ numb]s =m+ ! base4 #b4 ,! play] :o makes ! op5+ /roke mu/ play f )9 ! /r+ f ! head ( ! table & mu/ /rike ! pyramid ( object-balls ) su* =ce z to make at lea/ two ( ! object-balls /rike a cu%ion1 or at lea/ "o object-ball g into a pocket4 ,%\ld he fail to d ei!r he =feits ?ree po9ts & ! next play] plays4 ,all balls pocket$ on ! op5+ /roke c\nt = ! play]1 & x is n necess>y = him to call ! numb]s ( ! balls he int5ds pocket+ be=e mak+ ! op5+ /roke4 #c4 ,be=e mak+ any o!r /roke except ! op5+ /roke ! play] mu/ di/9ctly call ! numb] ( ! ball he int5ds to pocket1 b he ne$ n designate ! p>ticul> pocket into :i* he int5ds to put x4 ,unless he calls ! ball pocket$ x does n c\nt = him1 & mu/ be plac$ on ! deep-r$ spot1 or if t be occupi$1 z ne>ly bel[ x z possible4 ,! play] loses 8 h& b does n =feit any po9ts1 & ! next play] plays4 ,%\ld he call m ?an "o ball he mu/ pocket all ! balls he calls1 o!rwise none ( !m c be c\nt$ = him4 #d4 ,aft] ! op5+ /roke ea* play] mu/ ei!r pocket a ball1 make an object-ball /rike a cu%ion1 or ! cue-ball /rike a cu%ion aft] contact ) an object-ball1 "u p5alty ( =feiture ( ?ree po9ts4 ,?ree =feitures 9 succession loses ! game = ! play] mak+ !m4 #e4 ,%\ld ! play] pocket1 by ! same /roke1 m balls ?an he calls1 he is entitl$ to ! balls he pockets1 provid$ he pockets ! call$ ball4 #f4 ,a =feiture ( ?ree po9ts is d$uct$ f ! play]'s score = mak+ a miss2 pocket+ 8 own ball2 =c+ 8 own ball (f ! table2 fail+ to make ! op5+ /roke1 z provid$ 9 ,rule #b2 fail+ ei!r to make an object-ball /rike a cu%ion or g into a pocket1 z provid$ 9 ,rule #d2 /rik+ 8 own ball twice2 play+ out ( 8 turn1 if detect$ do+ s be=e he has made m ?an "o c\nt+ /roke4 #g4 ,a ball ^: c5tre is on ! /r+ l9e mu/ be reg>d$ z )9 ! l9e4 #h4 ,if ! play] pocket "o or m ( ! object-balls1 & 8 own ball goes into a pocket1 or (f ! table f ! /roke1 he _c score = ! numb]$ balls1 :i* mu/ be plac$ on ! spot kn[n z ! deep-r$ spot1 or if x be occupi$ z ne>ly bel[ x z possible on a l9e ) t spot4 ,,am]ican ,,pyramid ,,pool4 ,! fifte5 balls are numb]$ f "o to fifte5 respectively1 & are usually color$ r$1 b ! numb]s on ! balls are us$ simply = conv5i5ce 9 call+ ! numb] ( ea* ball :i* ! play] int5ds to pocket & d n 9 any way affect ! score ( ! play]1 :i* is det]m9$ by ! numb] ( balls pocket$4 ,scrat*es pay "o ball1 :i* mu/ be plac$ on ! deep r$ spot4 ,,cont9u\s ,,pool4 ,9 ,cont9u\s ,pool1 ! scor+ ( ! game is cont9u$ until all ! balls 9 ea* frame h be5 pocket$1 & ! game may consi/ ( any numb] ( balls or po9ts up :i* may be agre$ ^u4 ,ea* ball pocket$ scores "o po9t = ! /rik] & ! game is usually scor$ ^u ! /r+ ( buttons ov] ! table1 z 9 regul> billi>ds4 ,p5alties are paid ?r\gh d$uct+ po9ts f ! (f5d+ play]'s score or /r+ ( buttons1 in/ead ( =feit+ a ball to ! table z 9 regul> pyramid pool4 ,! numb]s on ! balls are simply us$ = conv5i5ce 9 call+ ! numb] ( ea* ball :i* ! play] int5ds to pocket1 & d n 9 any way affect ! score ( ! play]4 ,,engli% ,,pyramid ,,pool4 ,?is diff]s f ! ,am]ican game 9 sev]al po9ts4 ,!re are no 8call %ots10 ! play] be+ entitl$ to e ball he pockets1 :e!r he play$ = x or n4 ,all balls 9 h& mu/ be play$ f a ,d1 #ba to #bc in*es 9 diamet]4 ,!re is no rule ab\t driv+ two balls to ! cu%ion on ! op5+ %ot4 ,:5 all ! r$ balls b "o are pocket$1 ! r$ & :ite balls are us$ z cue balls alt]nately4 ,if !re are only two play]s1 & only two balls on ! table1 ! r$ & :ite1 if ei!r play] makes a miss or goes 9 ! pocket himself1 t ends ! game2 b if !re are m ?an two play]s ano!r r$ ball is spott$1 z 9 ! ,am]ican game4 ,! baulk l9e is no protection1 a play] 9 h& be+ all[$ to play on any ball on ! table1 ev5 if x is beh9d ! ,d4 ,,%ell ,,out4 ,?is game %\ld n be conf\nd$ ) ,black ,pool4 ,x is simply ,engli% ,pyramids1 b in/ead ( mak+ ! play] ) ! l[e/ score at ! end pay = ! table1 ea* play] equally %>es ! exp5se1 & ! balls are pocket$ = s mu* apiece4 ,if ! am\nt ( ! %ell-out 0 a %ill+1 & !re 7 six play]s1 any p]son pocket+ a ball w\ld receive a %ill+ f ea* ( ! o!rs1 & w\ld play aga94 ,a los+ haz>d or a miss w\ld compel ! /rik] to pay a %ill+ to ea* ( ! o!rs1 in/ead ( putt+ a ball back on ! table4 ,! la/ ball pays d\ble4 ,,high-,,l[-,,jack-,,game4 ,?is game is play$ ) a set ( balls ! same z us$ 9 ,fifte5-,ball ,pool4 ,any numb] ( p]sons may play1 ! ord] ( play be+ det]m9$ by ! roll+ ( ! small numb]$ balls4 ,! fifte5-ball is ,high2 ! "o-ball is ,l[2 ! n9e-ball is ,jack2 & ! highe/ aggregate is ,game4 ,sev5 po9ts g5]ally con/itute a game4 ,9 cases :]e play]s h "o & two to g to f9i% game1 ! fir/ balls hol$ c\nt out fir/1 be !y ,high1 ,l[1 or ,jack4 ,9 sett+ up ! pyramid ! ?ree c\nt+ balls--,high1 ,l[1 ,jack--are plac$ 9 ! c5tre1 ) ,high at ! head ( ! ?ree nam$ balls1 ! o!r balls z 9 regul> ,fifte5-,ball ,pool4 ,:5 play]s h ea* "o to g1 in/ead ( sett+ up an entire frame ( pyramids1 a ball is plac$ at ! foot ( ! table1 9 direct l9e ) ! spots1 & at a di/ance f ! l[] cu%ion equal to ! diamet] ( ano!r ( ! pool balls4 ,?is ball mu/ be pocket$ by bank+ x to "o or m cu%ions4 ,! play] :o pockets ! ball w9s ! game4 ,,=ty-,,"o ,,pool4 ,=ty-,"o ,pool is play$ ) a regul> ,fifte5-,ball ,pool set ( balls1 ! object ( play be+ to pocket a suffici5t numb] ( ! pool balls :i* add$ to ! private small ball %all score exactly #da4 ,,*icago ,,pool4 ,?is game is play$ ) ! numb]$ pool balls f #a to #ae & a :ite cue-ball1 z 9 ,fifte5-,ball ,pool1 ! object be+ to play ^u & pocket ! balls 9 _! num]ical ord]4 ,! table is laid out = ! game by plac+ ! "o ball aga9/ ! end cu%ion at ! fir/ "r-h& diamond sight at ! foot ( ! table1 ! two-ball is plac$ at ! c5tre diamond sight on same cu%ion2 ! rema9+ ?irte5 balls are plac$ 9 ! ord] ( _! numb]s at ! succe$+ diamond sights4 ,! ?ree sights on ! end rail at head ( ! table are n occupi$ by any ball4 ,! op5+ /roke mu/ be to /rike ! "o-ball4 ,if t ball is hol$ x is plac$ to ! cr$it ( ! play]1 & he cont9ues 8 h& until he fails to score1 b 9 cont9u+ he mu/ play ea* "t ^u ! ball be>+ ! l[e/ numb] on ! table4 ,aft] play+ ^u t ball1 h[ev]1 %\ld any o!r be pocket$ by ! same /roke1 irrespective ( its numb]1 x %all be plac$ to ! play]'s cr$it s pocket+ x4 ,if ! l9e ( aim at ! ball requir$ to be hit is cov]$ by ano!r ball1 ! play] may resort to a bank play or mass1 etc41 b %\ld he fail to hit ! requir$ ball he =feits ?ree1 receiv+ a scrat*4 ,,c[-,,boy ,,pool4 #a4 ,! game is play$ by two or m conte/ants1 on a pool table1 ) "o cue ball & ?ree color$ balls numb]$ respectively #a1 #c & #e4 #b4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! game ! ball numb]$ #a %all be plac$ on ! spot at ! head ( ! table1 ! ball numb]$ #e %all be plac$ on ! c5tre spot1 & ! ball numb]$ #c %all be plac$ on ! l[] spot1 & :5ev] any object ball is pocket$ or =c$ (f ! table x %all be replac$ on ! orig9al spot1 except z provid$ = 9 ,rule ,no4 #ab4 #c4 ,! op5+ play] may play f any po9t )9 ! /r+ l9e he may *oose1 b mu/ play ^u ! ,no4 #c ball be=e /rik+ any o!r1 or =feit 8 h&4 #d4 ,! w9n] is ! play] :o fir/ accompli%es ! ma9 object ( ! game1 :i* is to score #aja po9ts by ! 8,c[-,boy me?od10 :i* is t ! fir/ #ij po9ts may be scor$ by ei!r c>roms or ! pocket+ ( "o or m ( ! numb]$ balls1 :i* %all c\nt t numb] = ! play]2 ! scor+ ( a s+le c>rom %all c\nt #a1 & a d\ble #b4 #e4 ,on arriv+ at ! exact numb] ( #ij po9ts1 ! conte/ant mu/ next obta9 #aj m po9ts by c>roms only2 & hav+ arriv$ at ! score ( #ajj1 ! la/ po9t mu/ be obta9$ by play+ ! cue ball onto ! ,no4 #a ball & !nce into any pocket he may designate1 )\t t\*+ ei!r ( ! o!r balls1 h[ev]1 & %\ld ! cue ball ent] any o!r pocket1 ! h& is out & ! run1 if any1 lo/4 #f4 ,any po9t made by a play] & scor$ = him by ei!r ! m>k] or himself at ! completion ( any h& c nev] be lo/2 b %\ld a play] at any "t make a scrat*1 miss or f\l1 any po9ts previ\sly made by him 9 t h& %all be lo/ & ! h& %all pass4 #g4 ,at ! completion ( ! fir/ #ij po9ts all ! balls mu/ come to re/ on ! table be=e ! play] makes 8 next /roke2 o!rwise ! foll[+ /roke %all be a f\l4 #h4 ,at ! completion ( #ajj po9ts ! balls mu/ all come to re/ be=e ! play] makes 8 next /roke2 o!rwise ! /roke is f\l4 #i4 ,%\ld a play] pocket ! cue ball twice 9 succession )\t /rik+ any object bail1 he %all =feit ! game4 #aj4 ,%\ld a play] :ile ^u 8 c>roms pocket any ball1 ! h& is out1 & he loses any po9ts he may h made on t run4 #aa4 ,:5ev]1 except on ! f9al /roke1 ! cue ball is pocket$ or =c$ (f ! table1 ! h& is out1 ! po9ts scor$ on t run are lo/1 & ! cue ball is 9 h& = ! foll[+ play]1 :o mu/ play on a ball outside ! /r+ l9e1 or else on "s po9t ( ! cu%ion outside ! l9e4 #ab4 ,%\ld ! spot on :i* any pocket$ ball belongs be occupi$1 said ball %all be left (f ! table until ! spot is free & ! balls are at re/1 ) ?is exception--t %\ld ! #a ball be pocket$1 & its spot occupi$1 any play] :o is exactly #ajj1 & ^: turn x is to play1 may dem& t all ! object balls be spott$ & he %all play ) ball 9 h&4 #ac4 ,x is a f\l if ! play] t\* any ball ) 8 p]son or clo?+4 ,x is a f\l if he /rike ! cue ball twice or ) any?+ b ! po9t ( ! cue4 ,x is a miss if he %oot )\t caus+ ! cue ball to /rike any object ball4 ,x is a scrat* if he cause ! cue ball to ent] a pocket except on ! #aja/ po9t1 or leave ! table4 #ad4 ,c>roms obta9$ by pu%+ dur+ ! fir/ #ij po9ts are legitimate1 b n dur+ ! foll[+ t5 po9ts2 & ! #aja/ %ot mu/ be a clean /roke1 & a pu% %ot w n be all[$4 #ae4 ,:5 a play] is #ajj1 %\ld he fail to /rike ! #a ball 8 h& is out & 8 run1 if any1 =feit$4 #af4 ,dur+ ! fir/ #ij po9ts1 %\ld ! cue ball be froz5 to an object ball1 & if by a pu% causes ! object ball to move1 any result+ c>rom %all be valid4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! froz5 object ball fails to move1 x %all be consid]$ z n hav+ be5 t\*$ except t %\ld ! cue ball /rike a cu%ion1 x %all n be a scrat*4 #ag4 ,any cases n cov]$ by ^! rules %all be gov]n$ z f> z possible by ! accept$ rules ( pool & f\r-ball billi>ds4 ,,snook] ,,pool4 #a4 ,! game ( ,snook]'s ,pool is play$ by two or m play]s1 ei!r all aga9/ all or 9 p>tn]%ip1 ) fifte5 r$ balls1 six pool balls1 & "o :ite ball z h]eaft] describ$4 ,any re/ may be us$4 #b4 ,to decide ! ord] ( play1 z _m pool balls z !re are play]s or sides %all be put into a basket1 %ak51 & giv5 out to ! play]s by ! m>k]4 ,! play]s play 9 ! ord] 9 :i* ! colors appe> on ! pool m>k+ bo>d4 ,a play] pocket+ a ball scores its value z aga9/ ea* ( ! o!r play]s1 & :5 p5aliz$1 pays ! p5alty to ea* ( !m4 ,9 a game :]e sides are =m$ a play] ei!r scores = 8 own side1 or is p5aliz$ to ! oppos+ side or sides4 #c4 ,:5 comm5c+ a game ! fifte5 r$ balls %all be plac$ z 9 ! game ( ,pyramids4 ,= ea* ( ^! balls pocket$1 accord+ to rule1 ! /rik] %all score "o po9t4 ,! pool balls to be us$ are ! yell[1 gre51 br[n1 blue1 p9k1 & black1 :i* %all be spott$ z foll[s at ! comm5cem5t ( ! game1 & h ! app5d$ values :5 pocket$ accord+ to rule3 ,! ,yell[ ball %all be plac$ on ! "r h& spot ( ! baulk l9e & c\nt two po9ts2 ,! ,gre5 ball %all be plac$ on ! left h& spot ( ! baulk l9e & c\nt ?ree po9ts2 ,! ,br[n ball %all be plac$ on ! middle spot ( ! baulk l9e & c\nt f\r po9ts2 ,! ,blue ball %all be plac$ on ! spot betwe5 ! two middle pockets & c\nt five po9ts2 ,! ,p9k ball %all be plac$ at ! apex ( ! pyramid & c\nt six po9ts2 ,! ,black ball %all be plac$ on ! billi>d spot & c\nt sev5 po9ts4 ,! ,:ite ball %all be us$ 9 rotation by ! v>i\s play]s tak+ "p 9 ! game solely z ! /rik]'s ball1 & %all be play$ f ! 8,d0 at ! />t ( a game by ! fir/ play]1 & at any o!r p]iod ( ! game1 aft] x has be5 (f ! table f any cause :atev]4 #d4 ,! ball %all be /ruck ) ! po9t ( ! cue & n 8pu%$40 ,if1 aft] ! /rik]'s ball has be5 =c$ aga9/ an object ball1 ! po9t ( 8 cue rema9 or come 9 contact ) 8 ball1 ! /roke is f\l4 ,!re is no diff]5ce betwe5 ! act ( /rik+ & ! act ( aim+4 #e4 ,! 8baulk0 is no protection4 #f4 ,! /rik] mu/ pocket a r$ ball be=e play+ ^u a pool ball2 o!rwise ! /roke is f\l1 & aft] pocket+ a r$ ball he mu/ play ^u a pool ball1 an ord] ( play t mu/ be obs]v$ ?r\gh\t ea* break s long z a r$ ball rema9s ^u ! table4 #g4 ,aft] pocket+ a r$ ball ! /rik] is at lib]ty to select ! pool ball ^u :i* he w play1 b :5 !re is no long] a r$ ball on ! table1 ! pool balls mu/ be play$ at & tak5 9 _! ord] ( value f l[e/ to highe/1 save t ! play] pocket+ ! la/ r$ ball %all be all[$ to select ! fir/ pool ball ^u :i* he plays1 :i*1 if pocket$1 %all be respott$ & ! pool balls play$ at 9 _! ord] ( value4 #h4 ,:5 play+ on a pool ball ! /rik]1 if ask$ ! "q by a play] tak+ "p 9 ! game1 %all 8decl>e0 ! ball select$4 #i4 ,any numb] ( r$ balls may be tak5 9 "o /roke2 b1 if a pool ball is tak5 9 conjunction ) a r$ ball1 ! /roke is f\l4 ,aft] pocket+ a r$ ball only ! pool ball aim$ at may be tak54 #aj4 ,a r$ ball once (f ! table %all n be br\ght into play aga9 "u any circum/ances2 b all pool balls pocket$ %all be respott$ 9 _! orig9al positions 7save t ! p9k ball %all be plac$ on ! pyramid spot71 until ,rule #g1 z to play+ ^u ! pool balls 9 rotation1 comes into =ce4 ,:5 ! pool balls are be+ play$ ^u 9 rotation1 !y %all n be respott$ aft] be+ pocket$ 9 prop] ord] & accord+ to rule4 #aa4 ,no ball %all1 "u any circum/ances1 be tak5 up4 #ab4 ,%\ld ! spot allott$ to any pool ball be occupi$ :5 x becomes necess>y to respot x1 x %all be plac$ ^u ! ne>e/ unoccupi$ spot1 &1 fail+ t1 z ne> z possible to its prop] spot 9 ! direction ( ! c5tre spot4 ,if ! middle spot ( ! baulk l9e is occupi$1 ! br[n ball aft] be+ pocket$ %all1 if possible1 be plac$ on ! left-h& spot ( ! baulk l9e1 &1 fail+ t1 ! rule z above applies4 #ac4 ,if ! /rik]'s ball is t\*+ ano!r1 su* ball n be+ playable1 & he di/urb ! ball t\*+ 8 own1 ! /roke is f\l4 #ad4 ,%\ld ! /rik]'s ball be s plac$ t he _c play direct on ! object ball1 he is said to be 8snook]$40 ,,f\l ,,/rokes ,,& ,,p5alties4 #ae4 ,f\l /rokes are made or p5alties incurr$ by 7#a7 8,pu%+0 in/ead ( /rik+ ! ball1 or /rik+ ! ball m ?an once2 7#b7 ,play+ out ( turn2 7#c7 ,play+ ) bo? feet (f ! floor2 7#d7 ,play+ be=e all ! balls h become /ation>y1 :5 (f ! table1 or wrongly spott$2 7#e7 ,play+ ) ! wrong ball2 7#f7 ,t\*+ or mov+ any ball1 except 9 ! legitimate mann] set =? 9 ^! rules2 7#g7 ,=c+ any ball (f ! table2 7#h7 ,wilfully int]f]+ ) an oppon5t1 or ! run ( ! balls1 & refus+ to obey ! ref]ee's decision2 7#i7 ,miss+1 runn+ a c\p1 /rik+ ! wrong ball1 or pocket+ ! :ite ball2 7#aj7 ,play+ at or pocket+ any ball except 9 ! prop] rotation2 7#aa7 ,/rik+ two balls1 o!r ?an two r$ balls1 simultane\sly2 7#ab7 ,giv+ an int5tional miss2 7#ac7 ,pocket+ m ?an "o ball--o!r ?an r$ balls--by "o /roke4 #af4 ,if ! /rik] 8pu%0 8 ball or /rike x m ?an once1 he _c score1 b is subject to any o!r p5alty t he may incur by ! /roke4 #ag4 ,if a play] play out ( turn1 he %all =feit 8 next turn1 o!rwise ! sequ5ce ( turns %all n be alt]$4 ,if ! error be discov]$ dur+ 8 break1 he _c score f ! la/ /roke made1 & ! balls %all be replac$ by ! m>k] z ne>ly z possible 9 ! positions !y occupi$ be=e ! /roke object$ to4 ,! /rik] %all be cr$it$ ) any previ\s scores1 b is subject to any o!r p5alty he may incur4 #ah4 ,! /rik] _c score by a /roke made ) bo? feet (f ! floor1 b is subject to any p5alty he may o!rwise incur4 #ai4 ,if ! /rik] play be=e all ! balls h ceas$ roll+1 or be=e a pool ball has be5 respott$1 or :il/ any pool ball has be5 wrongly spott$1 he _c score1 & ! next play] 9 rotation %all proce$ f ! position 9 :i* ! balls h be5 left4 ,! /rik] is subject to any p5alty he may o!rwise incur4 #bj4 ,if ! /rik] play ) ! wrong ball1 he %all be p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! black ball4 #ba4 ,if ! /rik] t\* a ball 9 play o!rwise ?an 9 ! prop] mann] laid d[n 9 ^! ,rules1 he _c score & ! balls %all be replac$4 ,aft] ! balls are replac$ ! /roke mu/ be play$1 if ! /rik] 0 /ill 9 play :5 ! ball 0 mov$ or t\*$1 & he is subject to any o!r p5alty he may incur4 ,%\ld he t\* a ball aft] ! completion ( any /roke1 i4e41 :5 ! balls h become /ation>y1 8 scores f previ\s /rokes %all hold good4 #bb4 ,if ! /rik] =ce any ( ! r$ or pool balls (f ! table1 he %all be p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! ball or balls s =c$ (f4 ,%\ld ! ball or balls =c$ (f ! table be /ruck out ( ord]1 or ( inf]ior value to ! ball t %\ld h be5 /ruck1 ! latt] ball %all gov]n ! p5alty4 ,%\ld he =ce 8 own ball (f ! table1 he %all be p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! ball aim$ at1 unless ano!r ball ( high] value be fir/ /ruck1 9 :i* case su* high] ball %all gov]n ! p5alty4 #bc4 ,if a play] refuse to cont9ue ! game :5 call$ ^u to d s1 or int5tionally ob/ruct an oppon5t1 or wilfully int]f]e ) ! runn+ ( ! balls1 he %all be p5aliz$ 9 ! total value ( all ! balls rema9+ 9 play4 #bd4 ,if ! /rik] miss ! object ball1 or run a c\p1 or pocket ! :ite ball1 he %all be p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! ball aim$ at2 b1 if he /rike ano!r ball or balls1 he %all be p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! fir/ ball s /ruck1 unless ! ball s /ruck is ( l[] value ?an ! ball aim$ at & miss$1 9 :i* case ! p5alty is gov]n$ by ! value ( ! ball aim$ at4 ,%\ld ! /rik] 9 pocket+ any ball hole ! :ite1 he _c score1 & is p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! ball pocket$4 ,%\ld ! /rik] 7except+ z provid$ 9 ,rule #i7 pocket a ball o!r ?an ! "o aim$ at1 he _c score1 & is p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( su* ball unless ! ball pocket$ is ( l[] value ?an ! ball aim$ at1 9 :i* case ! p5alty is gov]n$ by ! value ( ! ball aim$ at4 #be4 ,if ! /rik] play at or pocket a ball except 9 ! prop] rotation1 he %all be p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! ball s play$ at or pocket$ unless ! ball s play$ at be ( l[] value ?an ! ball :i* %\ld h be5 select$1 9 :i* case ! p5alty is gov]n$ by ! latt] ball4 #bf4 ,if ! /rik] /rike simultane\sly a pool ball & a r$ ball1 or two pool balls1 he %all be p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! high] ball4 #bg4 ,if ! /rik] pocket ! :ite ball aft] contact ) ano!r1 he %all be p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! ball /ruck1 unless ! object ball s /ruck be out ( ord]1 9 :i* case ! p5alty %all be gov]n$ by ! ball ( ! high] value4 #bh4 ,%\ld ! /rik] give an int5tional miss1 he %all be p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! black ball1 & be compell$ to play ! /roke aga94 ,no score c accrue f su* /roke1 b ! /rik] %all be subject to any fur!r p5alty he may incur4 #bi4 ,if ! /rik] pocket m ?an "o ball1 o!r ?an r$ balls1 9 "o /roke1 he _c score1 & is p5aliz$ 9 ! value ( ! highe/ ball pocket$4 #cj4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( a ref]ee ! m>k] ( ! room %all decide all disputes t may arise2 &1 if he does n "k ( ! matt] 9 dispute1 ! majority ( ! onlook]s %all decide4 ,,engli% ,,pool4 ,?is game is kn[n 9 ,engl& z ,colom-,ball1 or ,foll[+ ,pool4 ,! balls are plac$ 9 a pool bottle1 & %ak5 up by ! m>k]1 :o !n gives "o to ea* c&idate = play 9 rotation4 ,! play] :o receives ! :ite ball places x on ! spot1 & ! "o :o gets ! r$ ball plays f )9 ! ,d at ! head ( ! table4 ,! m>k] calls ! col\r ( ! play] ^: turn x is1 & notifies him :i* ball w play on him1 s t he may play = safety if he c4 ,! foll[+ are ,brunswick-,balke-,coll5d] ,co4's rules3 ,! ,,:ite ,,ball is spott$4 ,,r$ ,,ball plays ^u ,,:ite4 ,,yell[ 0 ,,r$4 ,,gre5 0 ,,yell[4 ,,br[n 0 ,,gre54 ,,blue 0 ,,br[n4 ,,p9k 0 ,,blue4 ,,spot-,,:ite 0 ,,p9k4 ,,spot-,,r$ 0 ,,spot-,,:ite4 ,,spot-,,yell[ 0 ,,spot-,,r$4 ,,spot-,,gre5 0 ,,spot-,,yell[4 ,,spot-,,br[n 0 ,,spot-,,gre54 ,,spot-,,blue 0 ,,spot-,,br[n1 & ,,:ite 0 ,,spot-,,blue4 #a4 ,:5 col\r$ balls are us$1 ! play]s mu/ play progressively1 z ! col\rs are plac$ on ! pool m>k+-bo>d1 ! top col\r be+ ,no4 #a4 #b4 ,ea* play] has ?ree lives at />t+4 ,no4 #a places 8 ball on ! 8w9n+ & los+0 spot1 ,no4 #b plays at ,no4 #a1 ,no4 #c at ,no4 #b1 & s on--ea* p]son play+ at ! la/ ball1 unless ! /rik]'s ball be 9 h&1 :5 he plays at ! ne>e/ ball4 #c4 ,:5 a /rik] loses a life ! next 9 rotation plays at ! ball ne>e/ to 8 own2 b if ?is play]'s ball be 9 h&1 he plays at ! ball ne>e/ to ! c5tre ( ! baulk-l9e1 :e!r x be 9 or out ( baulk4 #d4 ,:5 any d\bt arises z to ! ne>e/ ball1 ! m>k] measures ! di/ance1 & ! play] /rikes at ! ball decl>$ to be ne>e/ 8 own4 #e4 ,! baulk is no protection4 #f4 ,! play] loses a life by pocket+ 8 own ball (f ano!r1 by runn+ a c\p1 by miss+ ! ball play$ on1 by =c+ 8 ball (f ! table1 by play+ ) ! wrong ball1 by play+ at ! wrong ball1 by play+ out ( 8 turn1 by /rik+ ! wrong ball1 or by hav+ 8 ball pocket$ by ! next /rik]4 #g4 ,%\ld ! /rik] pocket ! ball he plays at1 & by ! same /roke pocket 8 own or =ce x ov] ! table1 he loses a life & n ! p]son ^: ball he pocket$4 #h4 ,%\ld ! play] /rike ! wrong ball1 he pays ! same =feit to ! p]son ^: ball he %\ld h play$ at z he w\ld h done if he _h pocket$ x himself4 #i4 ,if ! /rik] miss ! ball he ought to play at1 & by ! same /roke pocket ano!r ball1 he loses a life1 & n ! p]son ^: ball he pocket$2 9 :i* case ! /rik]'s ball mu/ be tak5 up1 & bo? balls rema9 9 h& until x be _! sev]al turns to play4 #aj4 ,if ! play] inquire z to :i* is 8 ball1 or if x be 8 turn to play1 ! m>k] or ! play]s mu/ give him ! in=mation s\ght4 #aa4 ,if ! /rik]1 :ile tak+ aim1 inquire :i* is ! ball he ought to play at1 & %\ld be mis9=m$ by ! m>k] or by any ( ! company1 he does n lose a life4 ,8 ball mu/ 9 ?is case be replac$ & ! /roke play$ aga94 #ab4 ,:5 a ball or balls t\* ! /rik]'s ball1 or are 9 l9e betwe5 x & ! ball he has to play at1 s t x w prev5t him hitt+ any "p ( ! object-ball1 su* ball or balls mu/ be tak5 up until ! /roke be play$1 &1 aft] ! balls h ceas$ runn+1 !y mu/ be replac$4 #ac4 ,if a ball or balls are 9 ! way ( a /rik]'s cue1 s t he _c play at 8 ball1 he c h !m tak5 up4 #ad4 ,:5 ! /rik] takes a life1 he cont9ues to play on z long z he c pocket a ball1 or until ! balls are all (f ! table1 9 :i* latt] case he places 8 own ball on ! spot z at ! comm5cem5t4 #ae4 ,! fir/ play] :o loses 8 ?ree lives is entitl$ to pur*ase1 or />1 by pay+ into ! pool a sum equal to 8 orig9al /ake1 = :i* he receives lives equal 9 numb] to ! l[e/ numb] ( lives on ! bo>d4 #af4 ,if ! play] fir/ out refuse to />1 ! second play] out may d s2 b if ! second refuse1 ! ?ird may />1 & s on1 until only two play]s are left 9 ! pool1 :5 ! privilege ( />r+ ceases4 #ag4 ,only "o /> is all[$ 9 a pool4 #ah4 ,if ! /rik] move 8 own or any o!r ball :ile 9 ! act ( /rik+1 ! /roke is f\l2 & if1 by ! same /roke1 he pocket a ball or =ce x (f ! table1 ! own] ( t ball does n lose a life1 & ! ball s pocket$ mu/ be plac$ on its orig9al spot4 ,b if by t f\l /roke ! play] pocket 8 own ball or =ce x (f ! table1 he loses a life4 #ai4 ,if ! /rik]'s ball t\* ! "o he has to play at1 he is at lib]ty ei!r to play at x or at any o!r ball on ! table1 & su* /roke is n to be consid]$ f\l2 9 su* a case1 h[ev]1 ! /rik] loses a life by runn+ 8 ball into a pocket or =c+ x ov] ! table4 #bj4 ,if1 aft] mak+ a haz>d1 ! /rik] takes up 8 ball1 or /ops x be=e x has done runn+1 he _c claim ! life = ! ball pocket$4 #ba4 ,if1 be=e a />1 two or m balls1 ea* hav+ "o life1 are pocket$ by ! same /roke1 ! own] ( ! fir/ ball /ruck c />2 b if he refuse1 ! o!r play] ^: ball 0 pocket$ may />4 #bb4 ,%\ld ! /rik]'s ball /op on ! place f :i* a ball has be5 tak5 up1 ! ball :i* has be5 remov$ mu/ rema9 9 h& until ! spot is unoccupi$1 :5 x is to be replac$4 #bc4 ,%\ld ! /rik]'s ball miss ! ball play$ at1 no p]son except ! /rik] is all[$ to /op ! ball till x has ceas$ runn+ or /ruck ano!r ball4 #bd4 ,%\ld ! /rik] h 8 next play]'s ball remov$1 & 8 own ball /op on ! spot x occupi$1 ! next play] mu/ give a miss f baulk1 = :i* miss he does n lose a life4 #be4 ,:5 a ball has be5 tak5 up1 & any o!r ?an ! next play]'s ball /op on ! spot x occupi$1 ! ball s tak5 up mu/ rema9 9 h& till x c be replac$4 ,b if x be ! turn ( ! ball 9 h& to play be=e ! "o occupy+ its prop] place1 ! latt] mu/ be tak5 up till !re be room to replace x4 #bf4 ,if ! corn] ( ! cu%ion %\ld prev5t ! /rik] f play+ 9 a direct l9e1 he c h any ball remov$ = ! purpose ( play+ at ! object-ball f a cu%ion4 #bg4 ,:5 ?ree play]s1 ea* ) "o life1 rema9 9 a pool1 & ! /rik] make a miss1 ! o!r two divide )\t a /roke4 #bh4 ,nei!r ( ! la/ two play]s c />1 b if !y are left ) an equal numb] ( lives ea* !y may divide ! pool2 ! /rik]1 h[ev]1 is entitl$ to 8 /roke be=e ! division4 #bi4 ,all disputes are to be decid$ by ! m>k]2 b if he be int]e/$ 9 ! game1 !y %all !n be settl$ by a majority ( ! play]s4 ,,black ,,pool4 ,?is is a v>iation ( ,engli% ,col\r-,ball ,pool4 ,a black ball is plac$ on ! c5tre spot4 ,! col\rs foll[ "o ano!r j z 9 ,engli% pool1 until all ! balls h come ^u ! table4 ,aft] t1 any ball on ! table may be play$ at1 & if x is pocket$1 ! play] has ! option ( play+ at ! black ball4 ,if he pockets x1 ea* play] pays him ! am\nt ( a life1 s t ! play] ^: ball 0 fir/ pocket$ w\ld h to pay two1 "o = 8 own ball & "o = ! black4 ,if a ball is pocket$ be=e ! balls are all on ! table1 ! play] may play on ! black2 b ! foll[+ play]s mu/ play on _! col\rs until ! fir/ r\nd is complete4 ,no "o is ev] dead1 & ! game may be cont9u$ indef9itely1 al?\gh half an h\r is ! usual limit4 ,! play]s %>e ! exp5se ( ! table1 z at ,%ell-out4 ,,engli% ,,billi>ds4 ,?is game is play$ ) ?ree balls1 "o r$ & two :ite4 ,e w9n+ haz>d (f ! r$ c\nts #c2 haz>ds (f ! :ite c\nt #b1 & all c>roms c\nt #b4 ,if a play] makes a c>rom & a los+ haz>d on ! same /roke1 x c\nts #e if ! r$ 0 ! object ball2 #d if ! :ite 0 ! object ball4 ,a play] may make #aj on "o /roke by play+ on ! r$1 mak+ a c>rom1 & pocket+ all ?ree balls4 ,a miss c\nts "o = ! adv]s>y2 b if ! play] :o makes a miss runs into a pocket or jumps (f ! table1 8 adv]s>y c\nts #c4 ,! secret ( success 9 ! ,engli% game is n 9 ga!r+ %ots or rail nurs+1 b 9 repeat$ position2 t is1 play+ %ots s t ! object ball returns to its position1 ! cue ball fall+ into a pocket & be+ play$ aga9 f an advantage\s position 9 ! ,d4 ,if ! r$ ball is left 9 a good position = a los+ haz>d 9 ei!r ( ! side pockets1 ! play] %\ld place 8 own ball 9 su* a position 9 ! ,d t he c drive ! r$ to ! bottom cu%ion & back aga91 leav+ himself ano!r easy haz>d 9 ! side pockets4 ,if ! r$ is ne> a bottom pocket1 & ! play]'s ball is 9 h&s1 ! beg9n] w inv>iably leave ! r$ ball 9 baulk1 ev5 if he makes ! haz>d4 ,! reason is t he /rikes ) j =ce en\gh to rea* ! r$ & g into ! pocket1 & ?is =ce is j en\gh to drive ! r$ ab\t ! same di/ance 9 ! opposite direction1 leav+ x :]e ! cue ball came f--9 baulk4 ,! ,engli% d n und]/& ga!r+ %ots1 nurs+1 & cu%ion c>roms s well z ! ,am]icans1 & play *iefly = ! w9n+ & los+ haz>ds4 ,! objective po9t ( ! exp]t is ! spot /roke1 :i* consi/s 9 gett+ exactly beh9d ! r$ ball :5 x is on its spot1 & !n driv+ x into ! corn] pocket1 return+ ! cue ball to its position ) a light draw %ot4 ,if ! cue ball fails to come back exactly beh9d ! r$ ! position may be recov]$ 9 sev]al ways1 "s ( :i* are %[n 9 ! diagrams4 ,illu/ration ,no4 #a is ! p]fect position = ! spot /roke2 ! dott$ l9es 9 ! o!rs %[ ! c\rse t mu/ be foll[$ by ! cue ball to recov] ! initial position4 ,man-(-w> ,game is a v>iety ( ,engli% billi>ds 9 :i* !re are ?ree :ite balls1 ea* belong+ to diff]5t play]s4 ,! foll[+ ,,laws are tak51 by p]mission1 f ! rules publi%$ by ! ,brunswick-,balke-,coll5d] ,co4 ,,engli% ,,billi>d ,,laws4 #a4 ,! *oice ( balls & ord] ( play %all1 unless mutually agre$ ^u by ! two play]s1 be det]m9$ by /r++2 & ! /rik] ^: ball /ops ne>e/ ! l[] or bottom cu%ion1 aft] be+ =c$ f baulk up ! table1 may take :i* ball he likes1 & play1 or direct 8 oppon5t to play fir/1 z he may deem exp$i5t4 #b4 ,! r$ ball %all1 at ! op5+ ( e game1 be plac$ on ! top or r$ spot1 & replac$ aft] be+ pocket$ or =c$ (f ! table1 or :5ev] ! balls are brok54 #c4 ,:oev] breaks ! balls1 i4 e41 op5s ! game1 mu/ play out ( baulk1 ?\gh x is n necess>y t he %all /rike ! r$ ball4 #d4 ,! game %all be adjudg$ 9 fav\r ( :oev] fir/ scores ! numb] ( po9ts agre$ on1 :5 ! m>k] %all call 8game02 or x %all be giv5 aga9/ :oev]1 aft] hav+ once comm5c$1 %all neglect or refuse to cont9ue :5 call$ ^u by 8 oppon5t to play4 #e4 ,if ! /rik] scores by 8 /roke he cont9ues until he ceases to make any po9ts1 :5 8 oppon5t foll[s on4 #f4 ,if :5 mov+ ! cue backw>d & =w>d1 & prior to a /roke1 x t\*es & moves ! ball1 ! ball mu/ be replac$ to ! satisfaction ( an adv]s>y1 o!rwise x is a f\l /roke2 b if ! play] /rikes1 & grazes any "p ( ! ball ) any "p ( ! cue1 x mu/ be consid]$ a /roke1 & ! oppon5t foll[s on4 #g4 ,if a ball reb\nds f ! table1 & is prev5t$ 9 any way1 or by any object except ! cu%ion1 f fall+ to ! gr\nd1 or if x lodges on a cu%ion & rema9s !re1 x %all be consid]$ (f ! table1 unless x is ! r$1 :i* mu/ be spott$4 #h4 ,a ball on ! br9k ( ! pocket ne$ n be 8*all5g$03 if x ceases runn+ & rema9s /ation>y1 !n falls 91 x mu/ be replac$1 & ! score ?us made does n c\nt4 #i4 ,any ball or balls beh9d ! baulk-l9e1 or re/+ exactly ^u ! l9e1 are n playable if ! /rik] be 9 h&1 & he mu/ play out ( baulk be=e hitt+ ano!r ball4 #aj4 ,misses may be giv5 ) ! po9t or butt ( ! cue1 & %all c\nt "o = ea* aga9/ ! play]2 or if ! play] /rike 8 ball ) ! cue m ?an once a p5alty %all be en=c$1 & ! non-/rik] may oblige him to play aga91 or may call on ! m>k] to place ! ball at ! po9t x rea*$ or w\ld h rea*$ :5 /ruck fir/4 ,! butt may also be us$ = play+ a ball 9 h& up ! table 9 ord] to /rike a ball 9 baulk4 #aa4 ,f\l /rokes d n score to ! play]1 :o mu/ all[ 8 oppon5t to foll[ on4 ,!y are made ?us3 ,by /rik+ a ball twice ) ! cue2 by t\*+ ) ! h&1 ball1 or cue an oppon5t's or ! r$ ball2 by play+ ) ! wrong ball2 by lift+ bo? feet f ! floor :5 play+2 by play+ at ! /rik]'s own ball & displac+ x ev] s little 7except :ile tak+ aim1 :5 x %all be replac$1 & he %all play aga974 #ab4 ,! p5alty = a f\l /roke is los+ ! lead1 &1 9 case ( a score1 an oppon5t mu/ h ! r$ ball spott$1 & himself break ! balls1 :5 ! play] :o made ! f\l mu/ foll[ suit1 bo? play+ f ! ,d4 ,if ! f\l is n claim$ ! play] cont9ues to score1 if he c4 #ac4 ,aft] be+ pocket$ or =c$ (f ! table ! r$ ball mu/ be spott$ on ! top spot1 b if t is occupi$ by ano!r ball ! r$ mu/ be plac$ on ! c5tre spot betwe5 ! middle pockets4 #ad4 ,if 9 tak+ aim ! play] moves 8 ball & causes x to /rike ano!r1 ev5 )\t int5d+ to make a /roke1 a f\l /roke may be claim$ by an adv]s>y4 7,see ,rule ,fifte5?47 #ae4 ,if a play] fail to hit ano!r ball1 x c\nts "o to 8 oppon5t2 b if by ! same /roke ! play]'s ball is =c$ ov] ! table or into any pocket x c\nts ?ree to 8 oppon5t4 #af4 ,=c+ any ball (f ! table1 ei!r be=e or aft] ! score1 causes ! /rik] to ga9 no?+ by ! /roke4 #ag4 ,9 ! ev5t ( ei!r play] us+ 8 oppon5t's ball & scor+1 ! r$ mu/ be spott$ & ! balls brok5 aga9 by ! non-/rik]2 b if no score is made1 ! next play] may take 8 *oice ( balls & cont9ue to use ! ball he s *ooses to ! end ( ! game4 ,no p5alty1 h[ev]1 atta*es 9 ei!r case unless ! mi/ake be discov]$ be=e ! next /roke4 #ah4 ,no p]son except an oppon5t has a "r to tell ! play] t he is us+ ! wrong ball1 or to in=m ! non-/rik] t 8 oppon5t has us$ ! wrong ball2 & if ! oppon5t does n see ! /rik] use ! ball1 or1 see+ him1 does n claim ! p5alty1 ! m>k] is b\nd to score to ! /rik] any po9ts made4 #ai4 ,%\ld ! /rik] ^: ball is 9 h&1 9 play+ up ! table on a ball or balls 9 baulk1 ei!r by accid5t or design1 /rike "o ( !m ) 8 own ball )\t fir/ go+ out ( baulk1 8 oppon5t may h ! balls replac$1 score a miss1 & foll[ on2 or may cause ! /rik] to play aga91 or may claim a f\l1 & h ! r$ spott$ & ! balls brok5 aga94 #bj4 ,! /rik]1 :5 9 h&1 may n play at a cu%ion )9 ! baulk 7except by go+ fir/ up ! table7 s z to hit balls t are )9 or )\t ! l9e4 #ba4 ,if 9 h&1 & 9 ! act ( play+1 ! /rik] %all move 8 ball ) insuffici5t /r5g? to take x out ( baulk1 x %all be c\nt$ z a miss to ! oppon5t1 :o1 h[ev]1 may oblige him to replace 8 ball & play aga94 ,fail+ to play out ( baulk1 ! play] may be compell$ to play 8 /roke ov] aga94 #bb4 ,if 9 play+ a pu%+ /roke ! /rik] pu%es m ?an once x is unfair1 & any score he may make does n c\nt4 ,8 oppon5t foll[s by break+ ! balls4 #bc4 ,if 9 ! act ( draw+ back 8 cue ! /rik] knocks ! ball into a pocket1 x c\nts ?ree to ! oppon5t1 & is reckon$ a /roke4 #bd4 ,if a f\l /roke be made :ile giv+ a miss1 ! adv]s>y may en=ce ! p5alty or claim ! miss1 b he _c d bo?4 #be4 ,if ei!r play] take up a ball1 unless by cons5t1 ! adv]s>y may h x replac$1 or may h ! balls brok52 b if any o!r p]son t\*es or takes up a ball x mu/ be replac$ by ! m>k] z ne>ly z possible4 #bf4 ,if1 aft] /rik+1 ! play] or 8 oppon5t %\ld by any means ob/ruct or ha/5 ! spe$ ( any ball1 x is at ! oppon5t or play]'s option to h !m replac$1 or to break ! balls4 #bg4 ,no play] is all[$ to receive1 nor any by/&] to (f] advice on ! game2 b %\ld any p]son be appeal$ to by ! m>k] or ei!r play] he has a "r to (f] an op9ion2 or if a spectator sees ! game wrongly m>k$ he may call out1 b he mu/ d s prior to ano!r /roke4 #bh4 ,! m>k] %all act z umpire1 b any "q may be ref]r$ by ei!r play] to ! company1 ! op9ion ( ! majority ( :om %all be act$ ^u4 ,,p9 ,,pool4 ,! game ( ,p9 ,pool is play$ ) two :ite balls & "o r$1 toge!r ) five small wood5 p9s1 :i* are set up 9 ! middle ( ! table1 diamond fa%ion1 ea* p9 hav+ a value to accord ) ! position x occupies4 ,illu/ration3 #d99 #c99 #e99 #b99 #a99 ,! p9 ne>e/ ! /r+ l9e is ,no4 #a2 t to ! "r ( x is ,no4 #b2 to ! left1 ,no4 #c2 ! p9 f>!/ f ! /r+ l9e is ,no4 #d2 & ! c5tral or black p91 ,no4 #e4 ,^! numb]s may be *alk$ on ! clo? 9 front ( ea* p>ticul> p94 ,nei!r c>roms nor haz>ds c\nt2 = pocket+ a ball 7:5 play+ on a pocket table71 or caus+ x to jump (f ! table or lodge on ! cu%ion1 or = miss+ altoge!r1 no?+ is =feit$ o!r ?an ! /roke4 ,! only p5alty is t ! ball s (f5d+ %all be spott$ ^u ! :ite-ball spot at ! foot ( ! table1 or if t be occupi$ !n on ! ne>e/ spot !reto unoccupi$4 ,:5 ! p9s are arrang$1 ! rotation ( ! play]s is det]m9$ 9 l mann] z 9 ,fifte5-,ball ,pool1 aft] :i* ea* play] receives f ! m>k] a little numb]$ ball :i* is plac$ 9 ! play]'s cup on ! pool bo>d1 & ! numb] ( :i* is n kn[n to any ( 8 oppon5ts4 ,! object ( ! play] is to knock d[n z _m p9s z w c\nt exactly ?irty-"o :5 ! numb] on ! small ball held by him is add$ to _! aggregate2 ?us1 if ! small ball is ,no4 #i1 ! play] w h to ga9 tw5ty-two po9ts on ! p9s be=e call+ game1 & :oev] fir/ gets exactly ?irty-"o po9ts 9 ?is mann] w9s ! pool4 ,a :ite ball is spott$ five in*es f ! l[] end ( ! table1 on a l9e drawn d[n ! c5tre2 & ! r$ ball plac$ ^u its own spot at ! foot ( ! table4 ,play] ,no4 #a mu/ play ) ! rema9+ :ite ball f any po9t )9 ! /r+-l9e at ! head ( ! table at ei!r ! r$ or :ite ball1 or place 8 own on ! /r+ spot4 ,play] ,no4 #b may play ) any ball on ! table--r$ or :ite4 ,aft] ! fir/ /roke has be5 play$1 ! play]s1 9 _! ord]1 may play ) or at any ball ^u ! bo>d4 ,unless ! play] has play$ on "s ball ^u ! bo>d be=e knock+ d[n a p91 ! /roke "u all circum/ances goes = no?+1 & ! p9 or p9s mu/ be replac$ & ! play]'s ball put ^u ! :ite-ball spot at ! foot ( ! table or if t be occupi$1 on ! ne>e/ unoccupi$ spot !reto4 ,b %\ld two balls be 9 contact ! play] c play ) ei!r ( !m1 direct at ! p9s1 & any c\nt s made is good4 ,if a play]1 ) "o /roke1 knocks d[n ! f\r outside p9s & leaves ! black "o /&+ on its spot1 x is call$ a ,natural1 or ,ran*e1 & "u any & all circum/ances x w9s ! game4 ,:5 a play] gets m ?an #ca1 he is bur/1 & he may ei!r play aga9 imm$iately ) ! same ball he has 9 ! pool rack1 />t+ at no?+ ( c\rse1 or he may take a new ball4 ,if he takes a new ball he may ei!r keep x or keep 8 old "o1 b he _c play aga9 until x comes to 8 turn4 ,,! ,,little ,,corporal4 ,?is game is ! regul> ,?ree-,ball ,c>rom ,game ) a small p9 add$1 l ^? us$ 9 ,p9 ,pool1 :i* is set up 9 ! c5tre ( ! table4 ,! c>roms & =feits c\nt z 9 ! regul> ,?ree-,ball ,game1 b ! knock+ d[n ( ! p9 scores five po9ts = ! /rik]1 :o plays until he fails to effect a c>rom or knock d[n ! p94 ,a ball mu/ be hit by ! cue-ball be=e ! p9 c be scor$2 play+ at ! p9 direct is n all[$4 ,! p9 mu/ be set up :]e x falls2 b 9 case x goes (f ! table or lodges on ! top ( ! cu%ion x mu/ be plac$ ^u ! c5tre spot4 ,! p9 lean+ aga9/ ! cu%ion mu/ be scor$ z d[n1 & :5 ! p9 lodges 9 ! corn] ( ! table1 s t x _c be hit ) ! ball1 x is to be set up on ! c5tre spot4 ,"o hundr$ po9ts g5]ally con/itute a game1 b any numb] ( po9ts may be agre$ ^u4 ,,! ,,spani% ,,game ,,( ,,billi>ds4 ,?is game is play$ 9 ! ,s\?1 ,cali=nia1 & 9 ,mexico & ,cuba1 & is play$ ) two :ite & "o r$ ball1 & five p9s plac$ simil> to ^? 9 ,p9 ,pool4 ,! r$ ball is plac$ on ! r$-ball spot1 & ! fir/ play] /rikes at x f )9 ! baulk semicircle4 ,! game is scor$ by w9n+ & los+ haz>ds1 c>roms1 & by knock+ ov] ! p9s4 ,x is usually play$ ?irty po9ts up4 ,! play] :o knocks d[n a p9 aft] /rik+ a ball ga9s two po9ts1 if he knocks d[n two p9s he ga9s f\r po9ts1 & s on1 scor+ two po9ts = ea* p9 knock$ d[n4 ,if he knock d[n ! middle p9 alone he ga9s five po9ts4 ,! play] :o pockets ! r$ ball ga9s ?ree po9ts & two = ea* p9 knock$ d[n by ! same /roke4 ,! play] :o pockets ! :ite ball ga9s two po9ts1 & two = ea* p9 knock$ ov] ) ! same /roke4 ,ea* c>rom c\nts two4 ,! play] :o knocks d[n a p9 or p9s ) 8 own ball be=e /rik+ ano!r ball loses two = e p9 s knock$ d[n4 ,! play] :o pockets 8 own ball )\t hitt+ ano!r ball =feits ?ree po9ts2 = miss+ altoge!r he =feits "o po9t4 ,! /rik] :o =ces 8 own ball (f ! table )\t hitt+ ano!r ball =feits ?ree po9ts1 & if he does s aft] mak+ a c>rom or pocket he loses z _m po9ts z he w\ld o!rwise h ga9$4 ,! rules ( ! ,am]ican ,c>rom ,game1 except :]e !y conflict ) ! =ego+ rules1 gov]n ?is game also4 ,,bottle ,,pool4 ,! game ( ,bottle ,pool is play$ on a pool table ) "o :ite ball1 ! #a & #b ball1 & pool-bottle4 ,! #a & #b balls mu/ be spott$1 respectively1 at ! foot ( ! table1 at ! left & "r diamond ne>e/ ea* pocket1 & ! pool-bottle is plac$ /&+ on its neck on ! spot 9 ! c5tre ( ! table1 & :5 x falls x mu/ be set up1 if possible1 :]e x re/s4 ,c>rom on ! two object-balls c\nts #a po9t2 ,pocket+ ! #a ball c\nts #a po9t2 ,pocket+ ! #b ball c\nts #b po9ts2 ,c>rom f ball & upsett+ bottle c\nts #e po9ts4 ,! game consi/s ( #ca po9ts4 ,! play] hav+ ! lea/ numb] ( po9ts at ! f9i% ( ! game %all be adjudg$ ! los]4 ,any numb] ( p]sons c play1 & ! rotation ( ! play]s is decid$ z 9 ord9>y pool4 ,play] ,no4 #a mu/ play ) ! :ite ball f any po9t )9 ! /r+ at ! head ( ! table1 at ei!r ! #a or #b ball at 8 option4 ,! play] :o leads mu/ play at & /rike "o ( ! object-balls be=e he c score a c>rom on ! pool-bottle4 ,if a play] c>rom on ! bottle f ei!r ( ! object-balls1 9 su* a way z to seat ! bottle on its base1 he w9s ! game1 )\t fur!r play4 ,%\ld ! #a or #b ball 9 any way1 dur+ ! /roke1 t\* ! bottle & ! bottle is 9 ! same play knock$ ov] or /ood on its base by ! cue-ball1 ! /roke does n c\nt4 ,if ! play] =ces ! bottle (f ! table or into a pocket1 ! bottle mu/ be spott$ on its prop] spot 9 ! c5tre ( ! table1 ! play] loses 8 %ot & =feits "o po9t1 & ! next play] plays4 ,a play] :o makes m ?an #ca po9ts is bur/1 & mu/ />t 8 /r+ anew2 all t he makes 9 excess ( #ca po9ts c\nt on 8 new /r+1 & ! next play] plays4 ,,billi>d ,,text ,,books4 ,am]ican ,game3-- ,mod]n ,billi>ds1 ,brunswick-,balke-,coll5d] ,co4 ,billi>d ,laws1 0 0 0 0 ,manuel du ,bili>d1 by ,vignaux4 ,g>ni]'s ,practice ,%ots4 ,engli% ,game3-- ,billi>ds ,simplifi$1 ,burr\ghs & ,watts4 ,billi>ds1 by ,w4 ,cook4 ,billi>ds1 by ,joseph ,b5net4 ,billi>ds1 by ,maj4-,g54 ,drayson4 ,practical ,billi>ds1 by ,w4 ,dufton4 ,! ,spot ,/roke1 by ,joseph ,b5net4 ,,*ance ,,& ,,probability4 ,9 calculat+ ! probability ( any ev5t1 ! difficulty is n1 z _m p]sons imag9e1 9 ! process1 b 9 ! /atem5t ( ! proposition1 & ! great tr\ble ) _m ( ^? :o dispute on que/ions ( *ance is t !y are unable to ?9k cle>ly4 ,! *ance is ei!r = or aga9/ ! ev5t2 ! probability is always = x4 ,! *ances are express$ by ! fraction ( ?is probability1 ! d5om9ator be+ ! total numb] ( ev5ts possible1 & ! num]ator ! numb] ( ev5ts fav\rable4 ,= in/ance3 ,! probability ( ?r[+ an ace ) "o ca/ ( a s+le die is express$ by ! fraction 2 because six diff]5t numb]s may be ?r[n1 & !y are all equally probable1 b only "o ( !m w\ld be an ace4 ,odds are f\nd by d$uct+ ! fav\rable ev5ts f ! total1 or ! num]ator f ! d5om9ator4 ,9 ! example1 ! odds aga9/ ?r[+ an ace are !re=e #e to #a4 ,! great] ! odds aga9/ any ev5t ! m improbable x is said to be1 & ! m haz>d\s x is to risk any?+ ^u x4 ,:5 an ev5t happ5s :i* is v improbable1 ! p]son to :om x happ5s is consid]$ lucky1 & ! great] ! improbability1 ! great] 8 luck4 ,if two m5 play a game1 ! w9n] is n consid]$ p>ticul>ly lucky2 b if "o want$ only two po9ts to g out & ! o!r want$ a hundr$1 ! latt] w\ld be a v lucky man if he won4 ,x is a rem>kable fact t luck is ! only subject 9 ! _w on :i* we h no recognis$ au?ority1 al?\gh x is a topic ( ! mo/ univ]sal int]e/4 ,/rictly speak+1 to be lucky simply means to be successful1 ! ^w be+ a d]ivative ( gel+51 to succe$4 ,!re are a few g5]al pr9ciples connect$ ) luck :i* %\ld be und]/ood by e p]son :o is int]e/$ 9 games ( *ance4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 luck atta*es to p]sons & n to ?+s4 ,x is useless = an unlucky man to *ange ! seats or ! c>ds1 = no matt] :i* he *ooses ! p]sonal equation ( good or bad luck adh]+ to him = ! "t be+ _c be %ak5 (f4 ,9 ! second place1 all m5 are lucky 9 "s ?+s1 & n 9 o!rs2 & !y are lucky or unlucky 9 ^? ?+s at c]ta9 times & = c]ta9 seasons4 ,?is elem5t ( luck seems to come & g l ! swell ( ! ocean4 ,9 ! lives ( "s m5 ! tide ( =tune appe>s to be a long /eady flood1 )\t a ripple on ! surface4 ,9 o!rs x rises & falls 9 waves ( great] or less] l5g?2 :ile 9 o!rs x is irregul> 9 ! extreme2 spla%+ *oppy seas to-day2 a /orm to-morr[ t sma%es ev]y?+2 & !n calm en\gh to make ducks & drakes ) ! pebbles on ! %ore4 ,9 ! lives ( all ! tide ( =tune is unc]ta92 = ! man has nev] liv$ :o c\ld be sure ( ! wea!r a week ahead4 ,9 ! nature ( ?+s ?is mu/ be s1 = if !re 7 no ups & d[ns 9 life1 !re w\ld be no su* ?+s z *ance & luck1 & ! laws ( probability w\ld n exi/4 ,! greate/ fallacy 9 connection ) luck is ! belief t c]ta9 m5 are lucky1 :]eas ! tru? is simply t !y h be5 lucky up to t "t4 ,!y h succe$$ s f>1 b t is no gu>antee t !y w succe$ aga9 9 any matt] ( pure *ance4 ,?is is demon/rat$ by ! laws gov]n+ ! probability ( successive ev5ts4 ,suppose two m5 sit d[n to play a game :i* is "o ( pure *ance2 pok] dice1 = in/ance4 ,y are back+ ,mr4 ,smi?1 & want to "k ! probability ( 8 w9n+ ! fir/ game4 ,!re are only two possible ev5ts1 to w9 or lose1 & bo? are equally probable1 s #b is ! d5om9ator ( our fraction4 ,! numb] ( fav\rable ev5ts is #a1 :i* is our num]ator1 & ! fraction is !re=e 1 :i* always repres5ts equality4 ,n[ = ! successive ev5ts4 ,y\r man w9s ! fir/ game1 & !y proce$ to play ano!r4 ,:at are ! odds on ,smi?'s w9n+ ! second game8 ,x is evid5t t !y are exactly ! same z if ! fir/ game _h nev] be5 play$1 because !re are /ill only two possible ev5ts1 & "o ( !m w be fav\rable to him4 ,suppose he w9s t game1 & ! next1 & ! next1 & s on until he has won n9e games 9 succession1 :at are ! odds aga9/ 8 w9n+ ! t5? also8 ,/ill exactly an ev5 ?+4 ,b1 says a spectator1 ,smi?'s luck mu/ *ange2 because x is v improbable t he w w9 t5 games 9 succession4 ,! odds aga9/ su* a ?+ are #ajbc to #a1 & ! m he w9s ! m probable x is t he w lose ! next game4 ,?is is :at gambl]s call ! maturity ( ! *ances1 & x is "o ( ! greate/ fallacies ev] ent]ta9$ by intellig5t m54 ,curi\sly en\gh1 ! m5 :o believe t luck mu/ *ange 9 "s circum/ances1 also believe 9 bett+ on x to cont9ue 9 o!rs4 ,:5 !y are 9 ! ve9 !y w 8foll[ _! luck0 9 p]fect confid5ce t x w cont9ue4 ,! same m5 w n bet on ano!r man's luck1 ev5 if he is 89 ! ve910 because 8! maturity ( ! *ances0 tells !m t x _c la/6 ,,games4 ,,odds4 ,"o #a to #a ,two #c to #a ,?ree #g to #a ,f\r #ae to #a ,five #ca to #a ,six #fc to #a ,sev5 #abg to #a ,eight #bee to #a ,n9e #eaa to #a ,t5 #ajbc to #a ,if ,smi? & 8 adv]s>y _h />t$ ) an agreem5t to play t5 games1 ! odds aga9/ ei!r ( !m w9n+ any numb] 9 succession w\ld be f\nd by tak+ ! fir/ game z an ev5 *ance1 express$ by unity1 or #a4 ,! odds aga9/ ! same play] w9n+ ! second game also w\ld be twice #a plus #a1 or #c to #a2 & ! odds aga9/ 8 w9n+ ?ree games 9 succession w\ld be twice #c plus #a1 or #g to #a1 & s on1 accord+ to ! figures %[n 9 ! m>g94 ,,games4 #a/ #bnd #a #a #a #j #j #a #j #j ,t ?is is s may easily be demon/rat$ by putt+ d[n on a %eet ( pap] ! total numb] ( ev5ts t may happ5 if any agre$ numb] ( games are play$1 express+ w9s by a /roke1 & losses by a ciph]4 ,take ! case ( two games only4 ,!re are f\r diff]5t ev5ts :i* may happ5 to ,smi?1 z %[n 9 ! m>g94 ,he may w9 bo? games or lose bo?2 or he may w9 "o & lose ! o!r1 ei!r fir/4 ,only "o ( ^! f\r equally probable ev5ts be+ fav\rable to 8 w9n+ bo? games1 & ?ree be+ unfav\rable1 ! odds are #c to #a t he does n w9 bo?2 b ^! are ! odds be=e he beg9s to play4 ,hav+ won ! fir/ game1 !re are only two ev5ts possible1 ^? :i* beg9 ) a w91 & he has an equal *ance to w9 aga94 ,,games4 #a/ #bnd #crd #a #a #a #a #a #j #a #j #a #a #j #j #j #j #j #j #j #a #j #a #j #j #a #a ,if ! agreem5t _h be5 to play ?ree games1 !re w\ld h be5 eight possible ev5ts1 "o ( :i* mu/ happ5 b all ( :i* 7 equally probable4 ,^! are %[n 9 ! m>g94 ,if ,smi? w9s ! fir/ game1 !re are only f\r possible ev5ts rema9+2 ^? 9 :i* ! fir/ game 0 won4 ,( ^!1 !re are two 9 :i* he may w9 ! second game1 & two 9 :i* he may lose x1 %[+ t x is /ill exactly an ev5 ?+ t he w w9 ! second game4 ,if he w9s ! second game1 !re are only two possible ev5ts1 ! fir/ two on ! li/ 9 ! m>g91 :i* beg9 ) two w9s = ,smi?4 ,( ^! he has "o *ance to w9 ! ?ird game1 & "o to lose x4 ,no matt] h[ f> we cont9ue a s]ies ( successive ev5ts x w always be f\nd t hav+ won a c]ta9 numb] ( games1 x is /ill exactly an ev5 ?+ t he w w9 ! next also4 ,! odds ( #ajbc to #a aga9/ 8 w9n+ t5 games 9 succession exi/$ only be=e he began to play4 ,aft] he has won ! fir/ game1 ! odds aga9/ 8 w9n+ ! rema9+ n9e are only #eaa to #a1 & s on1 until x is an ev5 ?+ t he w9s ! t5?1 ev5 if he has won ! n9e prec$+ x4 ,9 ! /ati/ics ( #djjj c\ps at r\lette at ,monte ,c>lo x 0 f\nd t if "o col\r _h come five times 9 succession1 x 0 an exactly ev5 bet t x w\ld come aga92 = 9 tw5ty runs ( five times !re 7 t5 :i* w5t on to six4 ,9 ! au?or's exam9ation ( #ejj consecutive deals ( f>o1 !re 7 #hae c>ds t ei!r won or lo/ ?ree times 9 succession1 & ( ^! #dab won or lo/ out4 ,9 a gambl+ h\se 9 ,little ,rock a r\lette :eel ) ?ree z]os on x did n come up gre5 = #aae rolls1 & sev]al gambl]s lo/ all !y _h bett+ on ! eagle & ,o's4 ,:5 ! game clos$ ! bank] in=m$ !m t ! gre5 _h come up m ?an tw5ty times e>li] 9 ! ev5+4 ,!y ?\ght ! maturity ( ! *ances w\ld compel ! gre5 to come2 :]eas ! *ances really 7 t x w\ld n come1 z x _h ov]-run its av]age s mu* e>li] 9 ! ev5+4 ,! p5dulum sw+s z f> "o way z ! o!r1 b no me?od ( cat*+ x on ! turn has ev] yet be5 discov]$4 ,comp\nd ,ev5ts4 ,9 ord] to asc]ta9 ! probability ( comp\nd or concurr5t ev5ts1 we mu/ f9d ! product ( _! sep>ate probability4 ,= in/ance3 ,! odds aga9/ y\r cutt+ an ace f a pack ( #eb c>ds are #dh to #d1 or #ab to #a2 because !re are #eb c>ds & only #d ( !m are aces4 ,! probability fraction is !re=e #a_/ac4 ,b ! probabilities ( draw+ an ace f two sep>ate packs are #a_/ac #a_/ac #a_/afi1 or #afh to #a aga9/ x4 ,suppose a p]son bets t y w n cut a c\rt c>d1 ,k ,q or ,j1 f a pack ( #eb c>ds1 :at are ! odds aga9/ y8 ,9 ?is case !re are ?ree fav\rable ev5ts1 b only "o c happ51 & z any ( !m w preclude ! o!rs1 !y are call$ conflict+ ev5ts1 & ! probability ( "o ( !m is ! sum ( ! probability ( all ( !m4 ,9 ?is case ! probability ( any "o ev5t sep>ately is #a_/ac1 & ! sum ( ! ?ree is !re=e #a_/ac #a_/ac #a_/ac #c_/ac2 or t5 to #c aga9/ x4 ,9 ord] to prove any calculation ( ?is k9d all t is necess>y is to asc]ta9 ! numb] ( rema9+ ev5ts1 & if _! sum1 add$ to t already f\nd1 equals unity1 ! calculation mu/ be correct4 ,= in/ance3 ,! probability ( turn+ a black trump at :i/ is #ac_/eb #ac_/eb #bf_/eb2 because !re are two black suits ( #ac c>ds ea*4 ,! only o!r ev5t :i* c happ5 is a r$ trump1 ! probability ( :i* is also #bf_/eb1 & ! sum ( ^! two probabilities is !re=e #bf_/eb #bf_/eb #eb_/eb1 or unity4 ,ano!r fallacy 9 connection ) ! maturity ( ! *ances is %[n 9 bett+ aga9/ two successive ev5ts1 bo? improbable1 "o ( :i* has happ5$4 ,! odds aga9/ draw+ two aces 9 succession f a pack ( #eb c>ds are #bbj to #a2 b aft] an ace has be5 drawn ! odds aga9/ ! second c>d be+ an ace also are only #af to #a1 al?\gh "s p]sons w\ld be mad en\gh to bet #ajjj to #a aga9/ x1 on ! pr9ciple t ! fir/ draw 0 a great piece ( luck & ! second ace 0 practically impossible4 ,:ile ! f\r aces 7 9 ! pack ! probability ( draw+ "o 0 #d_/eb4 ,"o ace hav+ be5 drawn1 #c rema9 9 #ea c>ds1 s ! probability ( gett+ ! second is #c_/ea1 or #a_/ag4 ,be=e a c>d 0 drawn1 ! probability ( gett+ two aces 9 succession 0 ! product ( ^! fractions2 #a_/ac #a_/ag #a_/bba4 ,on ! same pr9ciple ! odds aga9/ two play]s cutt+ c>ds t are a tie1 su* z two ,f\rs1 are n #bbj to #a1 unless x is specifi$ t ! fir/ c>d %all be a ,f\r4 ,! fir/ play] hav+ cut1 ! odds aga9/ ! second cutt+ a c>d ( equal value are only #af to #a4 ,dice4 ,9 calculat+ ! probabilities ( ?r[s ) two or m dice1 we mu/ multiply toge!r ! total numb] ( ?r[s possible ) ea* die sep>ately1 & !n f9d ! numb] ( ?r[s t w give ! result requir$4 ,suppose two dice are us$4 ,six diff]5t ?r[s may be made ) ea*1 !re=e #f #f #cf diff]5t ?r[s are possible ) ! two dice toge!r4 ,:at are ! odds aga9/ "o ( ^! dice be+ an ace8 ,a p]son unfamili> ) ! sci5ce ( probabilities w\ld say t z two numb]s mu/ come up1 & !re are only six numb]s altoge!r1 ! probability is #b_/f1 or exactly #b to #a aga9/ an ace be+ ?r[n4 ,b ?is is n correct1 z w be imm$iately app>5t if we write out all ! #cf possible ?r[s ) two dice2 = we %all f9d t only #aa ( ! #cf conta9 an ace1 & #be d n4 ,! prop] way to calculate ?is is to take ! *ances aga9/ ! ace on ea* die sep>ately1 & !n to multiply !m toge!r4 ,!re are five o!r numb]s t might come up1 & ! fraction ( _! probability is #be_/cf1 or #be to #aa 9 _! fav\r4 ,take ! case ( ?ree dice3 ,z ?ree numb]s out ( six mu/ come up1 x might be suppos$ t x 0 an ev5 ?+ t "o w\ld be an ace4 ,b ! possible ?r[s ) ?ree dice are #f #f #f #baf2 & ^? t d n conta9 an ace are #e #e #e #abe2 s t ! odds aga9/ gett+ an ace 9 "o ?r[ ) ?ree dice1 or ?ree ?r[s ) "o die1 are #abe_/baf1 or #abe to #ia aga9/ x4 ,to f9d ! probability ( gett+ a giv5 total on ! faces ( two or ?ree dice we mu/ f9d ! numb] ( ways t ! desir$ numb] c come4 ,9 ! #cf possible ?r[s ) two dice !re are #f :i* w %[ a total ( sev5 pips4 ,! probability ( ?r[+ sev5 is !re=e #f_/cf1 or #e to #a aga9/ x4 ,a complete li/ ( ! comb9ations ) two dice 7 giv5 9 connection ) ,craps4 ,pok]4 ,9 calculat+ ! probability ( c]ta9 conflict+ ev5ts1 bo? ( :i* _c occur1 b ei!r ( :i* w\ld be fav\rable1 we mu/ make ! d5om9ator ( our fraction equal 9 bo? cases1 :i* w1 ( c\rse1 necessitate a proportionate *ange 9 our num]ator4 ,suppose a pok] play] has ?ree ( a k9d1 & int5ds to draw "o c>d only1 ! odds aga9/ 8 gett+ a full h& are #a_/af2 aga9/ gett+ f\r ( a k9d1 #a_/dh4 ,to f9d ! total probability ( improvem5t1 we mu/ make ! fir/ fraction proportionate to ! la/1 :i* we c d by multiply+ x by #c4 ,! result w be #c_/dh #a_/dh #d_/dh2 %[+ t ! total *ance ( improvem5t is #a 9 #ab1 or #aa to #a aga9/ x4 ,:i/4 ,to calculate ! probable positions ( c]ta9 nam$ c>ds is r a difficult matt]1 b ! process may be und]/ood f a simple example4 ,suppose a suit s di/ribut$ t y h f\r to ! ,k+1 & ea* ( ! o!r play]s has ?ree c>ds2 :at are ! probabilities t y\r p>tn] has bo? ,ace & ,que58 ,! common solution is to put d[n all ! possible positions ( ! two nam$ c>ds1 & f9d+ only "o out ( n9e to answ]1 to assume t ! odds are #h to #a aga9/ p>tn] hav+ bo? c>ds4 ,?is is n correct1 because ! n9e positions are n equally probable4 ,we mu/ fir/ f9d ! numb] ( possible positions = ! ,ace & ,que5 sep>ately1 aft]w>d multiply+ !m toge!r1 :i* w give u ! d5om9ator2 & !n ! numb] ( positions t are fav\rable1 :i* w give u ! num]ator4 ,z !re are n9e unkn[n c>ds1 & ! ,ace may be any "o ( !m1 x is obvi\s t ! ,que5 may be any "o ( ! rema9+ eight1 :i* gives u #i #h #gb diff]5t ways = ! two c>ds to lie4 ,to f9d h[ _m ( ^! #gb w give u bo? c>ds 9 p>tn]'s h& we mu/ beg9 ) ! ace1 :i* may be any "o ( 8 ?ree c>ds4 ,! ,que5 may be ei!r ( ! o!r two1 :i* gives u ! num]ator1 #c #b #f2 & ! fraction ( probability1 #f_/gb1 #a_/ab2 or #aa to #a aga9/ bo? ,ace & ,que54 ,if we wi%$ to f9d ! probability ( 8 hav+ ! ,ace1 b n ! ,que51 our d5om9ator w\ld rema9 ! same2 b ! num]ator w\ld be ! ?ree possible positions ( ! ,ace1 multipli$ by ! six possible positions ( ! ,que5 among ! six o!r unkn[n c>ds1 9 ! o!r h&s1 giv+ u ! fraction #ah_/gb4 ,! same w\ld be true ( ! ,que5 b n ! ,ace4 ,to prove bo? ^!1 we mu/ f9d ! probability t he has nei!r ,ace nor ,que54 ,!re be+ six c>ds ap>t f 8 ?ree1 ! ,ace may be any "o ( !m1 & ! ,que5 may be any "o ( ! rema9+ five4 ,?is gives u #f #e #cj1 & ! fraction #cj_/gb4 ,if we n[ add ^! f\r num]ators toge!r1 we h3--= bo? c>ds 9 p>tn]'s h&1 #f2 = ,ace alone1 #ah2 = ,que5 alone1 #ah2 & = nei!r1 #cj2 a total ( #gb1 or unity1 prov+ all ! calculations correct4 ,9 "s ( ! problems connect$ ) ,:i/1 x is important to "k ! probability ( ! suits be+ di/ribut$ 9 v>i\s ways among ! f\r play]s at ! table2 or1 :at is ! same ?+1 ! probable di/ribution ( ! f\r suits 9 any "o h&4 ,! au?or is indebt$ to ,dr4 ,pole's 8,philosophy ( ,:i/0 = ^! calculations4 ,z an example ( ! use ( ?is table1 suppose x 0 requir$ to f9d ! probability ( any o!r play] at ! table hold+ f\r or m trumps if y _h six4 ,take all ! comb9ations 9 :i* ! figure #f appe>s1 & add toge!r ! numb] ( times !y w probably occur4 ,t w be y\r d5om9ator1 #aff4 ,! num]ator w be ! numb] ( times t ! comb9ations occur :i* conta9 a figure l>g] ?an #c1 9 addition to ! #f4 ,?is w be f\nd to be #gd1 & ! probability w !re=e be #gd_/aff4 ,,di/ributions4 ,,times ,,9 #ajjj4 #h #b #b #a #b #h #c #a #a #a #h #c #b #j #a #h #d #a #j #h #e #j #j #j #g #b #b #b #e #g #c #b #a #ai #g #c #c #j #c #g #d #a #a #d #g #d #b #j #c #g #e #a #j #a #g #f #j #j #j #f #c #b #b #eg #f #c #c #a #ce #f #d #b #a #dg #f #d #c #j #ac #f #e #a #a #g #f #e #b #j #f #f #f #a #j #a #e #c #c #b #aee #e #d #b #b #ajf #e #d #c #a #acj #e #d #d #j #ab #e #e #b #a #cb #e #e #c #j #i #d #c #c #c #aje #d #d #c #b #bae #d #d #d #a #cj ,,m>t+ales4 ,_m gambl]s believe t z ! sci5ce ( probabilities tea*es u t ev5ts w equalise !mselves 9 "t1 all t is necess>y is to devise "s sy/em t w keep a p]son f guess+1 s t he may cat* ! p5dulum z x sw+s2 & to add to x "s sy/em ( bett+1 s t he w h ! be/ ( x 9 ! long run4 ,"s cont5t !mselves ) play+ a 8sy/em0 aga9/ bank+ games1 :i* is m]ely a guide to ! plac+ ( ! bets1 ! simple/ example ( :i* w\ld be to bet always on heads if a co9 0 toss$ a ?\s& times1 or to bet on no?+ b r$ at ,r\lette4 ,o!rs dep5d m on m>t+ales1 :i* are guides to ! am\nt ( ! bets !mselves1 irrespective ( :at !y are plac$ on4 ,! mo/ common =m ( m>t+ale is call$ d\bl+ up1 :i* proce$s ^u ! !ory t if y lose ! fir/ "t & bet d\ble ! am\nt ! next "t1 & cont9ue to d\ble until y w91 y mu/ ev5tually w9 ! orig9al am\nt /ak$4 ,if !re 0 no end to y\r capital1 & no bett+ limit to ! game1 ?is w\ld be an easy way to make money2 b all bank+ games h /udi$ ^! sy/ems1 & h s arrang$ matt]s t !y c ext5d _! he>tie/ welcome to ^? :o play !m4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 by simply d\bl+ up y are giv+ ! bank ! be/ ( x1 because y are n gett+ ! prop] odds4 ,if y d\ble up five times y are bett+ #af to #a2 b ! odds aga9/ five successive ev5ts are #ca to #a1 z we h already se51 & ! bank %\ld pay y #ca in/ead ( #af4 ,y %\ld n only d\ble1 b add ! orig9al am\nt ( ! /ake ea* "t1 bett+ #a1 #c1 #g1 #ae1 #ca1 #fc1 & s on4 ,if y d ?is1 y w w9 ! am\nt ( y\r orig9al /ake = e bet y make1 in/ead ( only = e "t y w94 ,?is looks well1 b z a matt] ( fact d\bl+ up is only ano!r way ( borr[+ small sums :i* w h to be paid back 9 "o l>ge sum :5 y c probably lea/ af=d x4 ,suppose ! game is ,f>o1 ! *ips five doll>s a /ack1 & ! limit on cases tw5ty-five doll>s4 ,! limit on cases w !n be #djj *ips4 ,if eight successive ev5ts g aga9/ y\r 8sy/em10 :i* !y w d ab\t once 9 #bee times1 y\r next bet w be beyond ! limit1 & ! bank] w n accept x4 ,at ,monte ,c>lo ! smalle/ bet is a doll>1 & ! limit is #b1djj4 ,!y roll ab\t #d1jjj c\ps a week1 & if y 7 to bet on e "o ( !m1 d\bl+ up1 y w\ld w9 ab\t #a1hfe1 "o doll> at a "t1 & w\ld lose #d1jib simply ?r\gh be+ unable to foll[ y\r sy/em beyond ! limit ( ! game dur+ ! two or ?ree occasions1 9 ! #d1jjj c\ps1 t y\r sy/em w\ld g aga9/ y = elev5 or m c\ps 9 succession4 ,x is useless to say x w\ld n g aga9/ y s (t51 = probabilities tea* u t x w\ld be m wond]ful if x did n ?an if x did4 ,x mu/ nev] be =gott5 t ! mo/ wond]ful ?+s t happ5 are n m wond]ful ?an ^? t don't happ54 ,if y toss$ a co9 a ?\s& times1 & did n once toss heads eight times 9 succession1 x w\ld be f\r times m surpris+ ?an if y toss$ heads t5 times 9 succession4 ,bets ,won4 ,lo/4 #aj - #i - #h - - #g - #h #i - - #h - #i #aj - - #i ---------- #df #da ,progression4 ,?is is a fav\rite m>t+ale ) ^? :o h n ! c\rage or ! money to d\ble up4 ,x consi/s 9 />t+ ) a c]ta9 am\nt = ! fir/ bet1 say t5 doll>s1 & add+ a doll> e "t ! bet is lo/1 or tak+ (f a doll> e "t a bet is won4 ,if ! play] w9s z _m bets z he loses1 & !re is no p]c5tage aga9/ him1 he gets a doll> = e bet he w9s1 no matt] h[ _m bets he makes1 or 9 :at ord] ! bets are won & lo/1 s t ! numb] won equals ! numb] lo/4 ,t ?is is s may be easily demon/rat$ by sett+ d[n on a %eet ( pap] any imag9>y ord] ( bets1 su* z ! t5 %[n 9 ! m>g91 five ( :i* are won1 & five lo/2 ! net pr(it on ! five bets won be+ five doll>s4 ,no matt] h[ correctly ! play] may be guess+1 & h[ mu* ! luck runs 8 way1 he w9s small] & small] am\nts1 until at la/ he is 8p9*$ (f40 ,b if a long s]ies ( ev5ts goes aga9/ him 8 bets become l>g] & l>g]1 b he mu/ keep up ! progression until he gets ev54 ,if t5 bets g 8 way he w9s #ee2 if t5 g aga9/ him he loses #ade4 ,x is said t ,pettibone made a =tune play+ progression at ,f>o1 :i* is v likely1 = among ! ?\s&s ( m5 :o play x ! probabilities are t "o w w9 all ! "t1 j z ! probabilities are t if a ?\s& m5 play t5 games ( ,sev5 ,up1 "s man w w9 all t5 games4 ,at ! same "t x is equally probable t "s man w lose all t54 ,"s play]s progress1 b nev] p9*1 keep+ acc\nt on a piece ( pap] h[ _m bets !y are beh9d1 & play+ ! maximum until !y h won z _m bets z !y h lo/4 ,aga9/ a p]fectly fair game1 ) no p]c5tage & no limit1 & ) capital en\gh to foll[ ! sy/em to ! end1 play+ progression w\ld pay a man ab\t z mu* z he c\ld make 9 any good bus9ess ) ! same capital & ) half ! worry2 b z ?+s really are 9 gambl+ h\ses & cas9os1 all m>t+ales are a delusion & a sn>e4 ,x is mu* bett]1 if "o mu/ gamble1 to tru/ to luck alone1 & x is an old say+ t ! play] )\t a sy/em is seldom )\t a doll>4 ,x is ! m5 ) sy/ems :o h to borr[ a /ake be=e !y c beg9 to play4 ,su* matt]s z calculat+ ! probability ( a c]ta9 horse gett+ a place1 ! odds aga9/ all ! horses at ! po/ be+ giv51 w\ld be out ( place 9 a "w ( ?is k9d2 b ^? int]e/$ 9 su* *ances may f9d rules = asc]ta9+ _! probability 9 "s ( ! foll[+ text books4 ,,text ,,books4 ,calcul de ,probabilit1 by ,b]tr&4 ,philosophy ( ,:i/1 by ,dr4 ,pole4 ,w9n+ ,:i/1 by ,emory ,bo>dman4 ,*ance & ,luck1 by ,r4,a4 ,proctor4 ,complete ,pok] ,play]1 by ,john ,blackbridge4 ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,games4 ,bett+ & ,gambl+1 by ,major ,*ur*ill4 ,,t5 ,,p9s4 ,! /&>d ,am]ican game ( ,t5 ,p9s is play$ ^u an alley #da or #db in*es wide1 & #fj feet long f ! head p9 to ! f\l or scrat* l9e1 f beh9d :i* ! play] mu/ deliv] 8 ball4 ,!re %\ld be at lea/ #ae feet run back ( ! f\l l9e1 & ! gutt]s on ea* side ( ! alley mu/ be deep en\gh to all[ a ball to pass )\t t\*+ any ( ! p9s /&+ on ! alley4 ,illu/ration3 #g #h #i #aj #d #e #f #b #c #a ,! ,p9s are spott$ z %[n 9 ! m>g91 ! c5tres #ab in*es ap>t1 & ^? ( ! back r[ #c in*es f ! edge ( ! pit4 ,! regulation p9s are #ae in*es high1 #b diam4 at ! base1 #ae in*es circumf]5ce #d f ! bottom1 & #e at ! neck4 ,! ,balls mu/ n exce$ #bg in*es 9 circumf]5ce 9 any direction1 b small] balls may be us$4 ,frames4 ,ea* play] rolls t5 frames or inn+s1 9 ea* ( :i* he is suppos$ to h ?ree balls1 al?\gh z a matt] ( fact he rolls two only4 ,9 mat* games1 two alleys are us$1 & ! play]s roll "o inn+ on ea* alt]nately4 ,a ,/rike is made :5 all t5 p9s are knock$ d[n ) ! fir/ ball ( ! inn+s1 & x is scor$ on ! blackbo>d ) a cross1 ! numb] ( p9s made ) ! ?ree balls be+ fill$ 9 aft]w>d4 ,a ,sp>e is made :5 all t5 p9s are knock$ d[n ) ! two balls ( "o inn+1 & x is m>k$ ) a diagonal /roke4 ,if ! play] fails to get ei!r a /rike or a sp>e1 x is a ,break1 m>k$ ) a horizontal l9e1 "u :i* is writt5 ! actual numb] ( p9s d[n4 ,aft] ea* ball is roll$ any p9s t h fall5 on ! alley are call$ deadwood1 & mu/ be remov$ be=e ! second ball is roll$4 ,c\nt+4 ,if a play] makes a /rike 9 "o inn+1 all t he makes on ! next two balls roll$1 :e!r 9 "o inn+ or n1 c\nts also on ! /rike1 s z to give him ! total score on ?ree balls = ! frame4 ,?ree successive /rikes w\ld give him #cj po9ts on ! fir/ frame1 ) a ball /ill to roll to complete ! second frame1 & two balls to roll to complete ! ?ird4 ,if he got two /rikes 9 succession1 & #e p9s on ! fir/ ball ( ! ?ird frame1 #d on ! second ball1 ! fir/ frame w\ld be wor? #be1 ! second frame #ai1 & ! break on ! ?ird frame #i2 mak+ 8 total score #ec = ! ?ree frames4 ,if ! play] makes a sp>e 9 "o inn+1 all ! p9s knock$ d[n by ! fir/ ball ( ! next inn+ c\nt also on ! sp>e4 ,suppose a sp>e to be foll[$ by a /rike1 ! frame 9 :i* ! sp>e 0 made w\ld be wor? #bj4 ,if he made #e p9s only1 ! sp>e w\ld be wor? #ae4 ,al?\gh ! play] is suppos$ to h ?ree balls 9 ea* inn+1 & is all[$ to c\nt all he makes on ?ree balls if he gets a /rike or a sp>e1 he is n all[$ to roll ?ree balls on a break4 ,x 0 =m]ly ! cu/om to let him roll ! ?ird ball on ! *ance ( gett+ a break ( #aj4 ,?is 0 aft]w>d *ang$ to giv+ him #aj p9s1 )\t roll+ = !m1 if he got #i on two balls2 b ! pres5t rule is to call x a break if he does n get a /rike or a sp>e 9 two balls1 & n to wa/e "t 9 roll+ ! ?ird ball4 ,scor+4 ,in/ead ( putt+ d[n ! am\nt made 9 ea* inn+1 ! total ( ! frame is add$ to ! total ( ! previ\s score1 s t ! la/ figure put d[n %[s ! total score up to & includ+ t frame4 ,! foll[+ illu/ration %[s ! total score ( a play] = t5 inn+s4 ,! top l9e ( figures gives ! numb] ( ! frame4 ,! second %[s ! numb] ( p9s knock$ d[n by ea* ball roll$1 & ! ?ird l9e %[s h[ ! scores w\ld be actually put d[n on ! blackbo>d1 ! /rike1 sp>e1 & break m>ks be+ plac$ above ! figures4 ,) ! exception ( ! second l9e ( figures1 :i* is put 9 = purposes ( illu/ration only1 ?is might be a copy ( an actual score4 ,frames #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj --------------------------------------- ,p9s #h-be-eaji-jg-bh-baj #h-bh-ag-c-i --------------------------------------- ,x - - ,x - ,score #ae #ce #edfc #gb #ib #aabadjadiafh ,z ! play] made a sp>e on ! la/ frame1 he _h ano!r ball to roll1 on :at 0 practically a new frame1 ) :i* he made #i p9s4 ,av]ages4 ,if a team is play+ a mat*1 & "o ( ! play]s is unavoidably abs5t1 x is ! cu/om to give him cr$it = 8 av]age1 accord+ to ! records ( 8 previ\s games dur+ ! t\rnam5t or ! season4 ,?is is consid]$ bett] ?an appo9t+ a sub/itute to play = him4 ,!re are a great _m v>ieties ( ,t5 ,p9s1 ! mo/ int]e/+ ( :i* w be f\nd describ$ 9 ! foll[+ ,laws ( ! game1 :i* are repr9t$ "h by ! k9d p]mission ( ! ,brunswick-,balke-,coll5d] ,co41 f _! #aijh edition ( ! 8,b[l]'s ,guide40 ,,b[l+ ,,alley ,,laws4 ,,rules ,,& ,,regulations ,,gov]n+ ,,! ,,game ,,( ,,am]ican ,,t5 ,,p9s4 ,revis$ at ,l\isville1 ,ky41 ,m>* #ai-ba1 #aijf4 ,9 effect ,sept4 #a1 #aijf4 ,! alleys ^u :i* ! game %all be play$ %all n be less ?an #da nor m ?an #db in*es 9 wid?4 ,! l5g? f ! c5tre ( ,no4 #a p9 spot to ! f\l l9e %all be #fj feet4 ,back ( ! f\l l9e !re %all be a cle> run ( n less ?an #ae feet4 ,! p9 spots %all be cle>ly & di/9ctly describ$ on or imb$d$ 9 ! alleys & %all be s plac$ #ab in*es ap>t f c5tre to c5tre4 ,!y %all be #b in*es 9 diamet]4 ,! p9 spots numb]$ #g1 #h1 #i & #aj %all be plac$ #c in*es f ! pit edge ( ! alleys1 measur+ f ! edge to ! c5tre ( su* p9 spots4 ,! p9s %all be spott$ on ! p9 spots plac$ ^u ! alleys accord+ to ! foll[+ diagram1 & ! p9s & spots %all be kn[n by ! numb]s z foll[s3 ,illu/ration3 #g #h #i #aj #d #e #f #b #c #a ,! p9s %all be ( ! foll[+ design & measurem5ts3 #ae in*es 9 height1 #b in*es 9 diamet] at _! base1 #ae in*es 9 circumf]5ce at a po9t #d in*es f _! base1 #aa in*es 9 circumf]5ce at a po9t #g in*es f _! base1 #e in*es 9 circumf]5ce at ! neck1 a po9t #aj in*es f ! base2 #h in*es 9 circumf]5ce at ! head1 a po9t #ac in*es f ! base4 ,! tap] f po9t to po9t %all be gradual1 s t all l9es %all h a graceful curve4 ,! balls %all n 9 any case exce$ #bg in*es 9 circumf]5ce nor exce$ #af p\nds 9 weight4 ,any siz$ ball ( less circumf]5ce or weight may be us$4 ,two alleys imm$iately adjo9+ ea* o!r %all be us$ 9 all games4 ,! conte/+ teams %all successively & 9 regul> ord] roll "o frame on "o alley1 & = ! next frame alt]nate & use ! o!r alley1 s alt]nat+ ea* frame until ! game is complet$4 ,9 deliv]+ ! ball ! play] mu/ n p]mit any "p ( 8 foot1 :ile any portion !re( is 9 contact ) ! alleys1 to re/ or ext5d on1 ov] or beyond ! f\l l9e1 nor %all any "p ( 8 p]son be p]mitt$ to come 9 contact ) any "p ( ! alleys beyond ! f\l l9e1 at any "t be=e ! deliv]$ ball %all h rea*$ ! p9s4 ,a ball deliv]$ contr>y to ! provisions ( ?is rule %all be a f\l ball1 & %all be s decl>$ by ! umpire imm$iately su* ball s becomes f\l4 ,no c\nt %all be made on a f\l ball1 & any p9s :i* are knock$ d[n or displac$ !reby %all be at once respott$4 ,a f\l ball %all c\nt z a ball roll$ aga9/ ! play]4 ,p9s :i* are knock$ d[n or displac$ by a ball :i* leaves ! alley be=e rea*+ ! p9s1 or f a ball reb\nd+ f ! re> cu%ions1 d n c\nt1 & !y %all be imm$iately respott$4 ,e ball deliv]$1 unless x be decl>$ a dead ball by ! umpire1 %all be c\nt$ aga9/ ! play]4 ,p9s :i* are knock$ d[n by ano!r p9 reb\nd+ 9 ! play f ! side p>tition or re> cu%ion are c\nt$ z p9s d[n4 ,p9s :i* are knock$ d[n or displac$ f any cause except by a fairly deliv]$ ball %all 9 all cases be respott$4 ,%\ld a play] by mi/ake roll on ! wrong alley1 or out ( 8 turn1 or be int]f]$ ) 9 8 play by ano!r b[l] or spectator1 or %\ld any ( ! p9s at :i* he is play+ be displac$ or knock$ d[n 9 any mann] be=e 8 deliv]$ ball rea*es ! p9s1 or %\ld 8 ball come 9 contact ) any =eign ob/acle on ! alleys1 !n ! ball s deliv]$ by him %all be imm$iately decl>$ a dead ball by ! umpire1 & su* ball %all n c\nt1 & %all be imm$iately re-roll$ by ! play] aft] ! cause = decl>+ su* ball dead has be5 remov$4 ,p9s :i* are knock$ d[n by a fair ball1 & :i* rema9 ly+ on ! alley or 9 ! gutt]s1 are t]m$ dead wood1 & %all be remov$ be=e ! next ball is roll$4 ,%\ld a /&+ p9 fall by remov+ dead wood1 su* p9 or p9s %all be at once respott$4 ,%\ld a p9 be brok5 or o!rwise badly damag$ dur+ ! game1 x %all be at once replac$ by ano!r z ne>ly uni=m ) ! set 9 use z possible4 ,! umpire %all 9 all su* cases be ! sole judge 9 ! matt] ( replac+ su* p9 or p9s4 ,ea* play] %all roll two balls 9 ea* frame except :5 he %all make a /rike1 or :5 a second /rike or sp>e is made 9 ! t5? frame1 :5 ! play] %all complete t frame by roll+ a ?ird ball4 ,9 su* cases ! frame %all be complet$ on ! alley on :i* ! fir/ /rike or sp>e is made4 ,a /rike is made :5 ! play] b[ls d[n ! t5 p9s ) 8 fir/ ball deliv]$ 9 any frame & is cr$it$ & designat$ 9 ! score by an ,x 9 ! upp] "r h& corn] ( ! frame1 & ! c\nt 9 su* frame is left op5 until ! play] %all h roll$ 8 next two balls1 :5 all p9s made1 c\nt+ t5 = a /rike1 %all be cr$it$ !re94 ,a sp>e is made :5 ! play] b[ls d[n all ! p9s ) 8 second ball 9 any frame1 & is cr$it$ & designat$ ) _/ 9 ! upp] "r h& corn] ( ! frame 9 :i* x is made4 ,! c\nt 9 su* frame is left op5 until su* play] %all roll 8 next ball 9 ! succe$+ frame1 :5 ! numb] ( p9s roll$ d[n !reby %all be add$ to ! t5 repres5t$ by 8 sp>e1 & ! total %all be cr$it$ !re94 ,a break is made 9 all cases :]e ! play] does n secure ei!r a /rike or a sp>e 9 a frame1 & 9 su* cases only ! numb] ( p9s knock$ d[n are cr$it$ 9 ! frame :]e ! break is made4 ,if at ! end ( ! t5? frame ! team scores %all be a tie1 ano!r frame %all be imm$iately b[l$1 & play is s cont9u$ until at ! close ( ev5 frames "o ( ! teams %all h a great] numb] ( p9s ?an _! oppon5ts1 :i* %all conclude ! game4 ,,cock$ ,,hat4 ,! game is play$ ) a head p9 & ! "r & left corn] p9s z %[n 9 ! foll[+ diagram3 ,illu/ration3 ,o 4 4 ,o 4 4 4 4 4 ,o ,balls n exce$+ six in*es mu/ be b[l$1 & !y mu/ be roll$ d[n ! alley 7n ca/ or ?r[n74 ,! rules ( ,am]ican ,t5 ,p9s except 9 ,/4 ,l\is1 :]e !re is a special association ) local rules1 g5]ally gov]n ?is game also1 ) ! exception ( ?ree balls in/ead ( two to ! frame1 b /rikes & sp>es c\nt ?ree in/ead ( t51 & ea* p9 c\nts "o z 9 ,t5 ,p9s4 ,if ! b[l] knocks d[n ?ree p9s ) ! ball :i* is fir/ b[l$1 9 any frame 9 ! game ( ,cock$ ,hat1 x is a /rike1 & c\nts ?ree1 & is m>k$ on ! blackbo>d ! same z 9 ,t5 ,p9s4 ,:at p9s ! b[l] knocks d[n 9 ! second frame ) 8 fir/ two balls mu/ be reckon$ z 9 ,t5 ,p9s1 i4e41 "o = ea* p9 b[l$ d[n1 :i* p9 or p9s mu/ be add$ to ! /rike & plac$ to ! cr$it ( ! play] 9 ! inn+ :]e ! /rike 0 scor$ 7! /rike be+ comput$ z ?ree72 su* /rike mu/ be add$ to p9s knock$ d[n ) ! two succe$+ sp>e balls2 ?us1 %\ld ! b[l] score a /rike1 & %\ld he 9 ! next new frame knock d[n b "o p9 ) 8 two sp>e balls1 ! /rike & p9 scor$ mu/ be comput$ z #d--! /rike c\nt+ #c & ! p9 #a4 ,poodles1 or balls roll$ d[n ! gutt]1 are fair balls1 & any p9 or p9s :i* !y may get mu/ be c\nt$ & plac$ to ! cr$it ( ! b[l]2 dead wood is remov$ f ! alley1 & any p9s knock$ d[n ?r\gh dead wood rema9+ on ! alley _c be plac$ to ! cr$it ( ! b[l]4 ,! maximum numb] :i* c be b[l$ is #ij4 ,,cock$ ,,hat ,,& ,,fea!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,o ,o ,o ,o ,! p9s are spott$ z above1 ! c5tre p9 be+ ! fea!r4 ,t5 inn+s con/itute a game1 & ?ree balls 7n exce$+ #f in*es 9 size7 mu/ be us$ 9 ea* inn+4 ,all ! p9s except ! fea!r h to be b[l$ d[n or ! inn+ goes = naught4 ,if ! fea!r is left /&+ alone1 ! inn+s c\nt "o4 ,!re are no p5alties4 ,! dead wood mu/ be remov$4 ,any p9s knock$ d[n ?r\gh dead wood rema9+ on ! alley _c be plac$ to ! cr$it ( ! b[l]4 ,! maximum is #aj4 ,,! ,,battle ,,game4 ,,! ,,p9s ,,are ,,set ,,up ,,! ,,same ,,z ,,= ,,! ,,game ,,( ,,t5 ,,p9s4 ,f\r or six inn+s con/itute a battle or game1 except 9 ! case ( a tie1 :5 ano!r inn+ is play$4 ,9 case t inn+ %\ld result 9 a tie also1 /ill ano!r inn+ is play$--9 fact1 until ! scores are unequal4 ,9 any inn+ :]e a tie occurs ! score /&s ov] until ! next inn+1 :5 ea* po9t is c\nt$ d\ble4 ,if ! two inn+s result 9 a tie1 ! score is tripl$4 ,%\ld ! total score result 9 a tie1 suffici5t inn+s are play$ to make ! gr& score unequal4 ,! team hav+ ! l>ge/ score 9 ! previ\s inn+ mu/ b[l ! fir/ ball1 s t ! weak] p>ty w h ! la/ ball4 ,?ree balls ( regulation size 7#bg in*es 9 circumf]5ce7 or "u are allott$ to ea* play] 9 ea* inn+4 ,ea* p9 b[l$ d[n c\nts #a1 includ+ ! k+ p94 ,if all ! p9s except ! k+ p9 are b[l$ d[n1 x c\nts #ab4 ,! p9s are set up z soon z ! n9e p9s are knock$ d[n1 or ! k+ p9 is ! only "o left /&+4 ,! alleys are *ang$ alt]nately4 ,! dead wood is remov$ aft] ea* ball is roll$4 ,9 case ( unev5 teams ! ,dummy or ,bl9d is fill$ by any sub/itute ! capta9 may pick out to b[l4 ,he c select any "o ( 8 m5 he *ooses1 )\t reg>d to rotation1 or he himself c b[l1 b no man c take ! place ( ! bl9d twice until e memb] ( ! team has act$ z ! sub/itute4 ,poodles c\nt z balls roll$4 ,any p9 or p9s knock$ d[n by su* balls are set up aga9 9 _! =m] positions4 ,a reb\nd+ ball does n c\nt1 & any p9 or p9s knock$ d[n by x are set up1 z 9 ! case ( a poodle ball4 ,:5 a ball has left ! h& & t\*$ ! alley1 x goes z a roll$ ball4 ,,n9e ,,up ,,& ,,n9e ,,d[n4 ,,! ,,p9s ,,are ,,set ,,up ,,! ,,same ,,z ,,= ,,! ,,game ,,( ,,am]ican ,,t5 ,,p9s4 ,?ree balls 7n exce$+ #f in*es 9 size7 are b[l$ 9 ea* inn+4 ,! play] mu/ knock d[n a s+le p91 :i* c\nts #a2 !n ) two rema9+ balls he endeavors to leave "o p9 /&+1 :i* c\nts #a4 ,failure to d ei!r1 ! inn+ goes = no?+4 ,no p5alties are atta*$4 ,dead wood mu/ be remov$4 ,any p9s knock$ d[n ?r\gh ! dead wood rema9+ on ! alley _c be plac$ to ! cr$it ( ! play]4 ,t5 inn+s con/itute a game4 ,! maximum is #bj4 ,,head ,,p9 ,,& ,,f\r ,,back4 ,illu/ration3 ,o ,o ,o ,o 4 4 4 4 4 ,o ,! p9s are set up z above4 ,?ree balls 7n exce$+ #f in*es 9 size7 are all[$ 9 ea* inn+4 ,if ! f\r back p9s are b[l$ d[n & ! head p9 is left /&+1 ! score is #b4 ,if all ! p9s are b[l$ d[n1 ! score is #a4 ,!re are no p5alties4 ,! dead wood mu/ be remov$4 ,any p9s knock$ d[n ?r\gh ! dead wood rema9+ on ! alleys _c be plac$ to ! cr$it ( ! play]4 ,t5 inn+s con/itute a game4 ,! maximum is #bj4 ,,f\r ,,back4 ,illu/ration3 #d #c #b #a ,o ,o ,o ,o ,! p9s are spott$ z above4 ,?ree balls 7n exce$+ #f in*es 9 size7 are allott$ to ea* inn+4 ,ea* p9 c\nts z spott$1 & only "o p9 c be made at a "t2 if m ?an "o p9 is made ) "o ball1 x is t]m$ a break1 & ! play] loses t inn+ & scores no?+4 ,!re are no p5alties4 ,! dead wood mu/ be remov$4 ,any p9s knock$ d[n ?r\gh ! dead wood rema9+ on ! alley _c be plac$ to ! cr$it ( ! play]s4 ,,t5 ,,p9s--,,head ,,p9 ,,out4 ,,also ,,kn[n ,,z ,,am]ican ,,n9e ,,p9s4 ,illu/ration3 ,o ,o ,o ,o ,o ,o ,o ,o ,o ,! p9s are set z 9 ! diagram4 ,t5 inn+s con/itute a game4 ,?ree balls 7n exce$+ #f in*es 9 size7 are b[l$4 ,"o p9 ( ! frame mu/ be left /&+1 or ! inn+ goes = no?+4 ,!re are no p5alties4 ,! dead wood mu/ be remov$4 ,any p9s knock$ d[n ?r\gh ! dead wood rema9+ on ! alley _c be plac$ to ! cr$it ( ! play]4 ,! maximum is #aj4 ,,five ,,back4 ,illu/ration3 ,o ,o ,o ,o 4 4 ,o 4 4 4 ,! p9s are set z %[n 9 ! diagram4 ,?ree balls 7n exce$+ #f in*es 9 size7 are b[l$ 9 ea* inn+4 ,%\ld a left-h&$ b[l] be b[l+1 ! second qu>t] p9 c be set up on ! left qu>t] spot4 ,/rikes & sp>es c\nt five ea*4 ,no p5alties are atta*$4 ,dead wood mu/ be remov$4 ,any p9s knock$ d[n ?r\gh dead wood rema9+ on ! alley _c be plac$ to ! cr$it ( ! play]4 ,t5 inn+s con/itute a game4 ,! maximum is #aej4 ,,! ,,newport ,,game4 ,,! ,,p9s ,,are ,,set ,,up ,,! ,,same ,,z ,,= ,,! ,,game ,,( ,,am]ican ,,t5 ,,p9s4 ,?ree balls 7n exce$+ #f in*es 9 size7 are all[$ 9 ea* inn+4 ,t5 frames con/itute a game4 ,! object ( ! game is to b[l d[n an exact numb] ( p9s f #a to #aj1 b n necess>ily 9 r\t9e ord]4 ,! play] :o1 9 t5 inn+s1 scores ! lea/ numb] ( w9n+ inn+s is ! los]4 ,= in/ance3 ,a b[ls d[n #b1 #e1 #g1 #h & #aj2 ,b b[ls d[n #a1 #f1 #h & #i4 ,"h ,b loses1 z ,a has "o m inn+ to 8 cr$it ?an ,b4 ,note4--,z ! l>g] numb] ( p9s are easy to obta91 ! sup]ior skill lies 9 pick+ out ! small numb]s4 ,= ?is reason ! pony ball is us$1 & ! small numb]s are ! po9ts ( attack f ! />t4 ,:5 ! play] has b[l$ d[n a c]ta9 numb] ( p9s correspond+ ) any score he has made1 & 8 rema9+ ball or balls w be ( no avail1 an 7,x7 is plac$ "u t numb]1 indicat+ t ! inn+ goes = naught1 z he has already made t score4 ,only "o score is all[$ to ea* inn+4 ,play]s alt]nate 9 ! use ( alleys4 ,balls b\nd+ f ! cu%ions g = naught4 ,,duck ,,p9 ,,game4 ,,! ,,p9s ,,are ,,spott$ ,,! ,,same ,,z ,,! ,,am]ican ,,game ,,( ,,t5 ,,p9s4 ,a regulation ,duck ,p9 %all be #i in*es high1 #a in*es 9 diamet] at ! top1 #c in*es 9 diamet] at ! body ( ! p91 & #a in*es 9 diamet] at ! base2 %all tap] gradually f ! bottom to ! l>ge/ "p ( ! body1 & %all be z ne> uni=m 9 weight z possible4 ,no ball exce$+ #d in*es 9 diamet] c be us$ 9 games4 ,ea* play] to roll ?ree balls to ea* frame1 & ea* play] to roll two frames at a "t4 ,a l9e %all be drawn t5 feet beyond ! regul> f\l l9e1 & any ball deliv]$ beyond ! fir/ nam$ l9e %all be decl>$ f\l4 ,all o!r rules ( ! ,am]ican ,b[l+ ,congress gov]n4 ,,k9sley ,,c&le ,,p94 ,! ,c\nt--,two balls %all be all[$ = frame4 ,/rikes--,a /rike is cr$it$ :5 a play] b[ls ov] ! t5 p9s ) ! deliv]$ ball4 ,sp>es--,a sp>e is cr$it$ :5ev] a play] cle>s ! alley ) ! fir/ & second ball4 ,breaks--,a break is *>g$ to a play] at all times :5 nei!r a /rike nor sp>e is made4 ,! ,ball--,! ball %all n exce$ #e in*es 9 diamet] 9 any direction1 b small] balls may be us$4 ,a ,,few ,,don',,ts4 ,don't try to le>n 9 a day4 ,don't use too mu* spe$ at fir/4 ,don't grip ! ball too tight4 ,don't l(t ! ball4 ,don't play ! side ball until y h ma/]$ ! c5tre deliv]y4 ,don't sw+ ! ball m ?an once be=e deliv]+ x4 ,don't />t ) a jump2 walk "o & run two /eps4 ,don't deliv] ! ball ) ! "r foot 9 front4 ,don't /ep on or ov] ! f\l l9e4 ,don't ?9k y c *ange ! c\rse ( ! ball aft] x has left y\r h&4 ,don't expect a 8/rike0 e "t y hit ! head p94 ,don't blame ! p9 boys if y get a split4 ,!y w spot any p9 y call _! att5tion to4 ,don't ?r[ away a 8sp>e0 because y ?9k y 7 entitl$ to a 8/rike40 ,don't use any unnecess>y motions4 ,don't ex]t y\rself4 ,take x easy4 ,a sl[ accurate ball is bett] ?an a swift wild "o4 ,don't put y\r :ole ?umb 9 ! f+] hole4 ,"o jo9t is en\gh4 ,don't use a l>ge f+] hole4 ,big holes make a ball lop-sid$4 ,don't roll a ball d[n ! alley :5 !re is a ball 9 ! pit4 ,don't use a wide grip if y h a small h&1 or two n>r[ = a big h&4 ,don't use *alk on y\r %oes4 ,x n only cracks ! lea!r1 b leaves ! runway 9 bad condition = :oev] foll[s y4 ,don't ?9k y\r wri/ is gone if x hurts aft] b[l+ a few games4 ,*ange y\r grip & ?r[ ! /ra9 some:]e else4 ,don't b5d y\r back :5 deliv]+ ! ball4 ,) y\r feet f> ap>t & knees b5t y c />t ! ball ) little or no s\nd4 ,don't be sup]/iti\s--#ac is a bett] />t ?an #ab4 ,don't ?9k x necess>y to be a ,s&[4 ,_m lightweights b[l well4 ,don't get disc\rag$1 y c le>n4 ,any able-bodi$ p]son1 ) ord9>y n]ve & a good eye1 c become q exp]t ) little practice4 ,don't let an alley own] use p9s t are worn out4 ,don't ?9k y c s&pap] a ball )\t injur+ x4 ,x takes an exp]t me*anic to true up a lignum-vit ball4 ,don't lay a lignum-vit ball away ,,dry1 if y don't want x to crack4 ,,g5]al ,,laws1 ,,= ,,all ,,c>d ,,games4 ,v few games h _! own code ( laws1 & only "o or two ( ^! h ! /amp ( any recognis$ au?ority4 ,9 m9or games1 que/ions are cont9ually aris+ :i* c\ld be easily settl$ if ! play]s 7 famili> ) a few g5]al pr9ciples :i* are common to ! laws ( all games1 & :i* might be consid]$ z ! basis ( a g5]al code ( c>d laws4 ,! mo/ important ( ^! pr9ciples are z foll[s3-- ,play]s4 ,x is g5]ally tak5 = grant$ t ^? fir/ 9 ! room h ! pref]5ce1 b if m ?an ! necess>y numb] assemble1 ! selection mu/ be made by cutt+4 ,a second cut w !n be requir$ to decide ! p>tn]%ips1 if any1 & ! positions at ! table1 ! latt] be+ important only 9 games 9 :i* ! deal1 or "s giv5 position at ! table1 is an advantage or ! rev]se4 ,! usual me?od ( cutt+ is to spread ! c>ds face d[nw>d on ! table1 ea* play] draw+ "o4 ,9 "s games ! c>ds are ?r[n r\nd by "o ( ! play]s4 ,%uffl+1 ,cutt+ & ,deal+4 ,9 all games 9 :i* ! c>ds are %uffl$ at all1 ea* play] has ! "r to %uffle1 ! deal] la/4 ,9 ,engli% speak+ c\ntries ! c>ds are always cut by ! play] on ! deal]'s "r1 :o is call$ ! 8pone40 ,9 cutt+ to ! deal] 9 any game !re mu/ be z _m c>ds left 9 ea* packet z w =m a trick2 or1 if ! game is n "o ( tricks1 z _m c>ds z !re w be 9 any play]'s h&2 f\r1 = in/ance1 at ,:i/1 & five at ,pok]4 ,! c>ds are always di/ribut$ to ea* play] 9 rotation f left to "r1 & ea* mu/ receive ! same numb] ( c>ds 9 ! same r\nd4 ,9 games 9 :i* ! c>ds are dealt by two & ?rees1 = in/ance1 x is illegal to give "o play] two & ano!r ?ree 9 ! same r\nd4 ,misdeals4 ,9 all games 9 :i* ! deal is an advantage1 a misdeal loses ! deal2 b 9 all games 9 :i* ! deal is a disadvantage1 or "s position is m advantage\s ?an t ( ! deal]1 su* z ! 8age0 at ,pok]1 a misdeal does n lose ! deal4 ,! only exception to ?is rule is 9 ,bridge1 9 :i* !re are no misdeals1 & ,cribbage1 :i* has a fix$ p5alty4 ,bidd+4 ,9 all games 9 :i* !re is any bidd+ = ! privilege ( play+ or ( mak+ ! trump1 or any bett+ on ! value ( ! h&s1 ! privilege mu/ be ext5d$ to ea* play] 9 turn1 beg9n+ on ! deal]'s left4 ,any bid or any bet once made c nei!r be tak5 back nor am5d$4 ,if any bid is made out ( turn 9 any p>tn]%ip game1 x mu/ be assum$ t undue in=mation is convey$1 & ! play] 9 error1 or 8 p>tn]1 mu/ lose 8 bid4 ,9 r\nd games !re is no p5alty4 ,expos$ ,c>ds4 ,no play] c exact a p5alty = 8 own error1 s t if an adv]s>y ( ! deal] exposes "o ( 8 own c>ds he _c claim a misdeal1 b ! deal]'s side may4 ,!re %\ld be no p5alty = a play]'s hav+ expos$ a c>d unless he c d]ive "s b5efit f ! exposure1 su* z f 8 p>tn]'s hav+ se5 x4 ,if !re is no p>tn]1 !re %\ld be no p5alty1 because ! play] injures himself only4 ,all expos$ c>ds mu/ be left on ! table1 & may be call$ ^u by ! adv]s>ies to be l$ or play$4 ,! same pr9ciples apply to ,lead+ out ( ,turn4 ,if ! play] 9 error has no p>tn]1 or 8 p>tn] is a dummy1 & ! lead is tak5 back1 no h>m is done except to ! play] himself1 & !re %\ld be no p5alty4 ,if ! adv]s>ies fail to obs]ve t ! lead 0 irregul>1 !y are equally at fault ) ! play]1 :o mu/ be assum$ to h err$ un9t5tionally4 ,9 games 9 :i* a lead out ( turn conveys in=mation to a p>tn]1 ! usual p5alty is to call a suit4 ,if a play] is l$ into error ?r\gh a previ\s error on ! "p ( an adv]s>y1 he %\ld n suff] any p5alty = x1 b may take back 8 c>d4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly true ( foll[+ suit to errone\s leads1 or play+ aft] a revoke :i* is aft]w>d am5d$4 ,irregul>ities 9 ! ,h&s4 ,9 all games 9 :i* ! play] ne$ n foll[ suit unless he *ooses1 su* z ,sev5-up1 !re %\ld be no p5alty if ! play] has n 8 full complem5t ( c>ds1 because he _c possibly ga9 any?+ by play+ ) a %ort h&4 ,b 9 all su* games z ,:i/1 :]e ! abs5ce ( a c>d 9 pla9 suits might enable a play] to trump1 a p5alty mu/ be en=c$ = play+ ) less ?an ! prop] numb] ( c>ds4 ,9 all su* games z ,pok]1 x is only to ! play]'s own disadvantage to play ) too few c>ds1 provid$ he is n all[$ to call f\r c>ds a flu% or a /raight1 & !re %\ld be no objection to 8 play+ ) a %ort h&4 ,_m good play]s 8squeeze0 _! c>ds1 & if !y f9d a good pair 9 ! fir/ two1 !y put up ! ante )\t look+ fur!r4 ,x is manife/ly unfair to b> !m out ( ! pool because ! deal] has giv5 !m only f\r c>ds1 :i* gives !m no possible advantage1 b r ! rev]se4 ,?is is 9 accordance ) common s5se1 & is ! law 9 ,cribbage & ,piquet4 ,discrim9ation4 ,no p]son %\ld be all[$ any advantage ov] ano!r :i* is n comp5sat$ = 9 "s way4 ,9 ,sev5-up1 = in/ance1 ! non-deal] c\nts game if x is a tie2 an advantage :i* is (fset by ! deal]'s c\nt+ ,jack if he turns x4 ,9 ,auction ,pit* ! deal] has no su* advantage1 because no trump is turn$1 & !re=e ! non-deal] _c c\nt ties = game4 ,x is a common error among ,cass9o play]s to hold t a play] _c build on 8 own build1 b t 8 adv]s>y may d s4 ,a play] holds two deuces1 an ,eight & a ,t51 & builds a ,six to an ,eight4 ,x is claim$ t an adv]s>y may increase ?is build to t51 b ! orig9al build] may n4 ,?is is manife/ly unfair1 because !re is no comp5sat+ advantage to ! play] t is d5i$ ! privilege to ju/ify its be+ all[$ to 8 adv]s>y4 ,b5efit+ by ,errors4 ,no play] %\ld be all[$ to w9 a game by committ+ a brea* ( ! laws4 ,if a p]son revokes1 = in/ance1 !re is a c]ta9 p5alty1 b 9 addition to ! p5alty x is always /ipulat$ t ! revok+ play] _c w9 ! game t h&4 ,d\ble ,p5alties4 ,no p]son c be subject$ to two p5alties = "o (f5ce4 ,if a play] leads out ( turn1 & a suit is call$1 ! c>d play$ 9 error _c be also claim$ z expos$ & liable to be call$4 ,if a play] revokes1 & 8 adv]s>y w9s t5 tricks1 ! revoke p5alty adds ?ree tricks to ! t5 already won2 b ^! ?irte5 tricks w n entitle ! play] to score any po9ts = a slam1 because t w\ld be exact+ a d\ble p5alty2 ! tricks = ! revoke1 & ! po9ts = ! slam4 ,int5tional ,error4 ,9 all games x mu/ be assum$ t ! play]'s int5tions are hone/1 & t any errors t arise are committ$ ?r\gh inadv]t5ce4 ,"s ( our law-mak]s h attempt$ s to adju/ _! codes z to provide aga9/ ! manuvres ( ! blackleg4 ,?is is simply impossible4 ,laws are made = g5tlem51 & :5 x is obvi\s t a play] does n belong to t class ! rem$y is n to appeal to ! laws ( ! game = protection1 b to decl9e to play ) him4 ,etiquette4 ,x %\ld be q unnecess>y to legislate aga9/ acts :i* annoy or d inju/ice to individuals1 b !re %\ld be "s provision 9 ! laws ( e game :i* w secure to ea* individual equal rights ) o!rs 9 ! enjoym5t ( ! game4 ,"s games are especially selfi%2 ,bo/on1 = in/ance1 9 :i* ! f\r play]s orig9ally =m+ ! table may monopolise ! game = ! entire ev5+1 )\t (f]+ newcom]s any *ance to cut 94 ,all su* games %\ld be limit$ to a c]ta9 numb] ( t\rnes1 at ! conclusion ( :i* fre% c&idates %\ld be all[$ to cut into ! table4 ,te*nical ,t]ms4 ,g4 /&s = ,g]man2 ,f4 = ,fr5*4 ,abnehm5 or ,abheb51 ,g41 to cut4 ,abw]f51 ,g41 to disc>d4 *eval1 across ! l9e2 bett+ on bo? sides at once4 ,adv]s>y1 7,g41 ,fe9d74 ,9 ,mort or ,bridge1 ^? :o play aga9/ ! ,dummy & 8 p>tn]4 ,affran*ir1 ,f41 to e/abli% a suit4 ,age1 ! elde/ h&2 sometimes errone\sly spelt ,edge4 ,albany ,lead1 a lead 9 ,:i/1 to %[ f\r trumps & ?ree ( ea* pla9 suit4 ,am]ican ,leads1 leads t %[ ! numb] ( c>ds 9 ! suit l$1 at ,:i/4 ,ames ,ace1 d\ble aces ?r[n ) dice4 ,an*or ,%ot1 gett+ ! object balls aga9/ ! cu%ion & a/ride ! l9e at baulk-l9e billi>ds4 ,ante1 a bet made be=e play+1 b aft] see+ ! h&4 ,antep5ultimate1 ! l[e/ b two ( a suit4 ,aprs1 ! ann\ncem5t ( a refait at ,r\ge et ,noir4 ,arros]1 ,f41 to be compell$ to play a trump :i* w n w9 ! trick4 ,ask = ,trumps1 play+ an unnecess>ily high c>d1 :5 no attempt is made to w9 ! trick4 ,auf die ,drf] geh51 to run = home2 to make all y\r aces & k+s1 in/ead ( lead+ trumps4 ,a4 ,y4 ,b4 ,z41 ! lett]s us$ to di/+ui% ! positions ( ! f\r play]s at ,:i/2 ,a-,b be+ p>tn]s aga9/ ,y-,z41 & ,z4 hav+ ! deal4 ,backgammon4 ,if a play] ?r[s (f all 8 m5 be=e 8 adv]s>y has ?r[n (f any1 & :ile "o or m ( ! adv]s>y's m5 are /ill on ! side ( ! bo>d next ! w9n+ play]1 x is a backgammon1 or triple game4 ,ba? ,c\p1 hold+ up ,ace ,jack on a ,k+ l$ by an adv]s>y4 ,battre1 ,f41 to %uffle4 ,b$i551 ,g41 to foll[ suit4 ,bekomm51 ,g41 to w94 ,bek5n51 ,g41 to foll[ suit4 ,belle1 ,f41 ! la/ game ( ! rubb]4 ,bidd+ to ! ,bo>d1 means t ! po9ts bid = a c]ta9 privilege are n to be cr$it$ to any play]1 b are simply ! ann\ncem5t ( ! value ( an und]tak+4 ,biseautes 7c>tes7 ,f41 w$ges or /ripp]s4 ,bltt]1 ,g41 play+ c>ds4 ,block+ a ,suit1 keep+ a high c>d ( x1 s t ! play] ) a numb] ( small] c>ds _c w9 tricks ) !m4 ,blue ,pet]1 ! ask = trumps4 ,bl9d1 a bet made be=e see+ ! c>ds4 ,bl9d51 ,g41 a wid[1 an extra h& dealt at any game4 ,bo>d's ! ,play1 a c>d once play$ _c be tak5 back4 ,bobtail1 a f\r-c>d flu% or /raight1 :i* is accompani$ by a wor?less c>d4 ,bone-y>d1 ! /ock at dom9oes4 ,book1 ! fir/ six tricks tak5 by ei!r side at ,:i/ :i* d n c\nt t[>d game4 ,bo? ,ends aga9/ ! ,middle1 a sy/em ( trimm+ c>ds = deal+ a brace game ( ,f>o4 ,brace ,game1 a conspiracy betwe5 ! deal] & ! case-keep] at ,f>o1 s t c>ds improp]ly tak5 f ! deal+ box %all be prop]ly m>k$ by ! case-keep]4 ,break4 ,9 ,billi>ds1 a succession ( c\nt+ %ots made by "o play]1 usually call$ a 8run0 9 ,am]ica4 ,9 ,t5 ,p9s1 a break is a failure to make ei!r a /rike or a sp>e4 ,break ,ev51 a sy/em ( play+ ,f>o1 bett+ ea* c>d to w9 or lose an ev5 numb] ( times4 ,brelan1 ,f41 ?ree c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation4 ,brelan ,c>r1 ,f41 f\r c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation4 ,br++ 9 a ,suit1 mak+ tricks 9 a pla9 suit aft] ! adv]se trumps are exhau/$4 ,brl]1 ,f41 to burn a c>d4 ,b*e1 ,f41 c>ds t c\nt = no?+1 su* z ! t5s & c\rt c>ds 9 ,bacc>a2 equival5t to ! ,g4 ,ladons1 or ,fehlk>t54 ,buck+ ! ,tig]1 play+ aga9/ ! bank at ,f>o4 ,bumblepuppy1 play+ ,:i/ 9 ignorance or defiance ( conv5tionality4 ,bump]1 a rubb] ( eight po9ts at ,engli% ,:i/4 ,burnt ,c>ds1 c>ds :i* are turn$ face upw>d on ! bottom ( ! pack1 usually 9 bank+ games4 ,call+ = ,trumps1 ! ask = trumps4 ,cannon1 7,am4 c>rom17 a c\nt made at billi>ds by caus+ ! cue ball to t\* two object balls4 ,capot1 ,f41 w9n+ all ! tricks4 ,c>ds1 ! numb] ( tricks ov] six at ,:i/1 su* z 8two by c>ds40 ,! majority ( c>ds at ,cass9o4 ,c>r]1 7se7 to /raddle ! bl9d4 ,contre-c>r]1 to ov]-/raddle4 ,c>rom1 see cannon4 ,c>tes1 ,f41 play+ c>ds4 ,c>te ,blan*e1 a h& :i* does n conta9 ,k1 ,q or ,j4 ,c>te ,roi1 ,f41 ! be/ c>d rema9+ ( a suit4 ,cases1 :5 ?ree c>ds ( "o d5om9ation h be5 )drawn f ! box at ,f>o1 ! f\r? is a case4 ,case-keep]1 a bo>d = record+ ! c>ds z !y are )drawn f ! box at ,f>o4 ,! ^w is sometimes appli$ to ! p]son :o keeps cases4 ,cat-hop1 two c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation left 9 = ! la/ turn at ,f>o4 ,cave1 ,f41 ! am\nt a play] places 9 front ( him at ! beg9n+ ( play2 table /akes4 ,*ecks1 ! c\nt]s at ,pok] are *ecks2 at ,f>o !y are *ips4 ,*elem1 ,f41 a slam4 ,*ip ,along1 to bet a s+le c\nt] & wait = developm5ts4 ,*\ette1 la1 tak+ all ! bets4 ,close ,c>ds1 ^? :i* are n likely to =m sequ5ces ) o!rs1 especially at ,cribbage4 ,club ,/akes1 ! usual am\nt bet on any game 9 ! club4 ,cogg+ ,dice1 turn+ "o ov] ) ! f+] aft] !y h be5 fairly ?r[n4 ,cold ,deck1 a pack ( c>ds :i* has be5 pre-arrang$1 & is surreptiti\sly ex*ang$ = ! "o 9 play4 ,col\rs1 a sy/em ( play+ ,f>o accord+ to ! col\r ( ! fir/ w9n] or los] 9 ea* deal4 ,comm&1 ! be/ c>d ( a suit1 usually appli$ to suits :i* ! adv]s>y is try+ to e/abli%4 ,c\p]1 ,f41 to cut ! c>ds2 also to ruff a suit4 ,c\leur1 ,f41 a suit ( c>ds1 su* z he>ts or clubs4 ,c\p1 a ma/] /roke or brilliant play2 a s+le roll ( ! :eel at ,r\lette1 or a deal at ,r\ge et ,noir4 ,compass ,:i/1 arrang+ play]s accord+ to ! po9ts ( ! compass at ,duplicate ,:i/1 & always reta9+ !m 9 _! orig9al positions4 ,conv5tional ,play1 any me?od ( convey+ in=mation1 su* z ! trump signal1 :i* is n bas$ on ! pr9ciples ( ! game4 ,copp]$ ,bets1 bets t h a copp] or *eck] plac$ ^u !m at ,f>o1 to %[ t !y play ! c>d to lose4 ,c\rt ,c>ds1 ! ,k1 ,q & ,j2 ! ace is n a c\rt c>d4 ,cov]+1 play+ a high] c>d second h& ?an ! "o l$1 b n necess>ily ! be/ ( ! suit4 ,crve1 ,f41 "o :o is tempor>ily out ( ! game1 su* z "o :o has ov]drawn 8 h& at ,v+t-et-un2 z di/+ui%$ f "o :o has lo/ all 8 money4 ,! latt] w\ld be spok5 ( z dcav4 ,cross+ ! ,suit1 *ang+ ! trump f ! suit turn$ up to "o ( a diff]5t col\r1 especially 9 ,eu*re4 ,cross-ruff1 two p>tn]s alt]nately trump+ a diff]5t suit4 ,cul lev1 7j\] 7 play+ "o aft] ano!r1 by tak+ ! place ( ! los]4 ,a vulg> expression4 ,cutt+1 divid+ ! pack :5 pres5t$ by ! deal]2 or draw+ lots = *oice ( seats & deal4 ,cutt+ ,9 & ,out1 decid+ by cutt+ :i* play]s %all give way to fre% c&idates4 ,curse ( ,scotl&1 ! n9e ( diamonds4 ,cut ,%ots1 v f9e w9n+ haz>ds4 ,deal+ ,(f1 ! same deal] deal+ aga94 ,deck-head1 an ,iri% "n = ! turn$ trump at ,spoil ,five4 ,deadwood1 ! p9s t fall on ! alley1 9 b[l+4 ,dcav1 ,f41 froz5 out2 ! entire am\nt ( ! orig9al /ake be+ lo/4 ,dfauss]1 se1 ,f41 to disc>d4 ,d'emble1 ,f41 on ! fir/ deal2 be=e ! draw4 ,despat*]s1 dice :i* are n prop]ly m>k$1 hav+ two faces alike1 su* z d\ble fives4 ,devil's b$ po/s1 ! f\r ( clubs4 ,disc>d+1 gett+ rid ( a c>d 9 pla9 suits :5 unable to foll[ suit & unwill+ to trump4 ,donne1 7avoir la7 to h ! deal4 ,donne1 ! "t occupi$ 9 play+ ! c>ds di/ribut$ dur+ a deal1 b 8c\p0 is ! t]m g5]ally us$4 ,d\ble ,pairs ,royal1 f\r c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation4 ,d\bleton1 two c>ds only ( a suit4 ,d\bl+ ,up1 bett+ twice ! am\nt ( a lo/ wag]4 ,d\btful ,c>d1 a c>d l$ by ! play] on y\r "r1 :i* y\r p>tn] may be able to w94 ,draw ,%ot1 any %ot :i* makes ! ball return t[>d ! cue2 9 ,engli%1 a 8screw-back40 ,duff]1 "o :o is n well up 9 ! pr9ciples ( ! game he is play+4 ,dummy1 ! expos$ h& 9 ,dummy ,:i/1 ,bridge1 or ,mort4 ,duplicate ,:i/1 a =m ( ,:i/ 9 :i* ! same h&s are play$ by bo? sides1 & z ne>ly z possible "u ! same conditions4 ,dut* ,x1 to cross ! suit at ,eu*re4 ,ec>t]1 ,f41 to disc>d4 ,e*o+1 %[+ ! numb] ( trumps held :5 p>tn] leads or calls2 9 pla9 suits1 %[+ ! numb] held :5 a high c>d is l$4 ,edge1 a corruption ( ! ^w 8age10 ! elde/ h&4 ,elde/ ,h&1 ! fir/ play] to ! left ( ! deal] 9 all ,engli% games2 to 8 "r 9 ,france4 ,encaiss]1 ,f41 to h& ! /akes to ! bank]4 ,entam]1 ,f41 to lead4 ,e/abli%$ ,suits1 a suit is e/abli%$ :5 y or y\r p>tn] c take e trick 9 x1 no matt] :o leads x4 tal]1 ,f41 to expose a c>d4 ,expos$ ,c>ds1 c>ds play$ 9 error1 or dropp$ face upw>d on ! table1 or held s t ! p>tn] c see !m4 ,face ,c>ds1 ,k1 ,q & ,j4 ,faire les ,c>tes1 ,f41 to %uffle2 or to make ! majority ( c>ds or tricks 9 a game4 ,fall ( ! ,c>ds1 ! ord] 9 :i* !y are play$4 ,false ,c>ds1 c>ds play$ to deceive ! adv]s>y z to ! true hold+ 9 ! suit4 ,fatt5+1 disc>d+ c\nt+ c>ds on p>tn]'s tricks4 ,fe9d1 ,g41 an adv]s>y2 ,gegn] is ! m common ^w4 ,figure1 ,f41 ,k1 ,q or ,j4 ,fille1 ,f41 see ,wid[4 ,f9esse1 any attempt to take a trick ) a c>d :i* is n ! be/ ( ! suit4 ,fir/1 ,second1 or ,?ird ,h&1 ! positions ( ! play]s on any individual trick4 ,five ,f+]s1 ! five ( trumps at ,spoil ,five4 ,fl*es1 ! po9ts ^u a backgammon bo>d4 ,fluke1 mak+ a c\nt t 0 n play$ =4 ,flu%1 c>ds ( ! same suit4 ,flux1 ,f41 only "o suit 9 ! play]'s h&2 a flu%4 ,=ce1 to compel a play] to trump a trick 9 ord] to w9 x4 ,=c$ ,leads1 leads :i* are n desirable1 b :i* are =c$ ^u ! play] to avoid ^? :i* are /ill less advantage\s4 ,=d]n1 ,g41 to lead trumps4 ,f\r*ette1 ! two c>ds imm$iately above & bel[ ! "o l$1 su* z ,k ,j 9 ! second h& on a ,q l$4 ,f\r ,signal1 a me?od ( %[+ f\r trumps1 )\t ask+ = !m2 usually made by play+ ?ree small c>ds1 su* z #d #f #b1 9 t ord]4 ,f\r?-be/1 ! f\r? c>d ( a suit1 c\nt+ f ! top4 ,! mod]n sub/itute = ! t]ms p5ultimate1 & antep5ultimate4 ,front ,/all1 "o :o makes acqua9tances = gambl]s to fleece4 ,froz51 balls t\*+ at billi>ds4 ,froz5 ,out1 a play] :o has lo/ 8 orig9al /ake1 & _c cont9ue 9 ! game4 ,fuzz+1 milk+ ! c>ds in/ead ( %uffl+ !m4 ,gall]y1 ! spectators :o are bett+ on ! game4 ,gambl+1 risk+ m ?an "o c well af=d to lose on any game ( *ance4 ,gambl]'s ,po9t1 ! c\nt = 8game0 at ,sev5-up4 ,gammon4 ,:5 a play] ?r[s (f all 8 m5 be=e 8 adv]s>y ?r[s (f any1 x is a gammon1 or d\ble game4 ,ga!r+ ,%ots1 gett+ ! balls toge!r aga9 aft] driv+ !m r\nd ! table4 ,see ,nurs+4 ,geb51 ,g41 to deal ! c>ds4 ,sometimes 8,v]!ilung d] ,k>t50 is us$4 ,gegn]1 ,g41 ! adv]s>y4 ,gr& ,c\p1 trump+ a trick already won by p>tn]2 or play+ a small trump on a trick :i* he has already trump$4 ,greek1 7grec7 a c>d %>p4 ,gu>d$ ,c>ds1 c>ds :i* _c be caught by high] c>ds unless !y are l$ ?r\gh4 ,h&1 ! c>ds dealt to "o play]2 ! di/ribution ( ! c>ds 9 any "o deal4 ,a 8rem>kable h&0 might be ! play ( an entire deal at ,:i/1 = in/ance4 ,head+ a ,trick1 play+ a bett] c>d ?an any already play$ to ! trick1 b n necess>ily ! be/ 9 ! h&4 ,heel$ ,bets1 bets at ,f>o :i* play "o c>d to w9 & ano!r to lose1 b d n w9 or lose d\ble ! am\nt if bo? ev5ts come on ! same turn4 ,h9t]h&1 ,g41 ! la/ play] on ! fir/ trick1 7,skat74 ,8 ,heels1 ! ,jack turn$ up = a />t] at ,cribbage4 ,8 ,nobs1 ,jack ( ! same suit z ! />t] at ,cribbage4 ,hoc1 or ,hockelty1 ! la/ c>d 9 ! box at ,f>o4 ,hon\rs1 usually ! highe/ c>ds 9 ! suit1 su* z ,a ,k ,q ,j1 & sometimes ! #aj4 ,9 ,calabrasella ! #c & #b are hon\rs1 & 9 ,imprial ! l[e/ c>d is an hon\r4 ,horse & ,horse1 ea* play] hav+ "o game to 8 cr$it :5 !y are play+ be/ two out ( ?ree4 ,hu/l+1 inveigl+ p]sons into sk9 games4 ,impair1 ! odd numb]s at ,r\lette4 ,impasse1 ,f41 to f9esse4 ,imp]fect ,f\r*ette1 two c>ds1 "o imm$iately above ! "o l$1 & ! o!r "o remove bel[ x2 su* z ,k #aj second h& on a ,q l$4 ,imp]fect ,pack1 "o 9 :i* !re are duplicate c>ds1 miss+ c>ds1 or c>ds s m>k$ t !y c be id5tifi$ by ! backs4 ,indiff]5t ,c>ds1 c>ds ( ! same value1 s f> z trick tak+ is conc]n$1 su* z ,q & ,j4 ,inside ,/raights1 sequ5ces :i* are brok5 9 ! middle4 ,intricate ,%uffles1 butt+ ! two p>ts ( ! pack toge!r at ! ends1 & =c+ !m into ea* o!r4 ,invite1 ,f41 lead+ a small c>d ( ! long suit4 ,irregul> ,leads1 leads :i* are n made 9 accordance ) ! usual cu/om1 z di/+ui%$ f =c$ leads4 ,jack ,/ripp]s1 two b[]s1 trimm$ to pull out ( ! pack4 ,j5ny1 a f9e los+ haz>d1 made (f an object ball close to ! cu%ion1 betwe5 ! side pocket & ! baulk4 ,jetons1 ,f41 ! c\nt]s :i* repres5t money at any game4 ,jeu1 ,f41 d]iv$ f jocus1 a game4 ,! ^w is v>i\sly appli$ to ! game itself2 to ! play]'s expectation ( success2 to 8 plan ( campaign2 or to ! c>ds 9 8 h&4 ,jeux de ,rgle1 h&s :i* %\ld be play$ 9 a c]ta9 way on acc\nt ( _! ma!matical expectations1 7c>t74 ,keep+ ,tab1 keep+ a record ( ! c>ds t w9 & lose z !y are dealt at ,f>o4 ,k+ ,c>d1 ! be/ c>d rema9+ unplay$ ( ! suit4 ,k+ ,r[1 ! f\r squ>es on ! *eck] bo>d :i* are f>!/ f ! play]'s own side4 ,kitty1 ! p]c5tage tak5 out ( a pool to pay = refre%m5ts1 or = ! exp5ses ( ! table4 ,knight ,play]1 "o :o c give ! odds ( a ,knight to weak play]s1 at ,*ess4 ,la/ ,trick1 an expression us$ to di/+ui% ! la/ trick :5 all ! c>ds are play$ f ! la/ :5 all ! c>ds are n play$1 especially 9 ,bzique & ,sixty-six4 ,la/ ,turn1 ! ?ree c>ds left 9 ! box at ! end ( ! deal at ,f>o1 ! ord] ( :i* may be bet ^u4 ,lead1 to play ! fir/ c>d 9 any trick4 ,leve1 ,f41 a trick4 7,tric1 is ! odd trick47 ,lies1 ,f41 to play rubb]s4 ,limit1 ! am\nt by :i* "o play] may increase 8 bet ov] t ( ano!r4 ,long ,c>ds1 ! dregs ( a suit :i* has be5 l$ sev]al times1 & exhau/$ 9 ! h&s ( ! o!r play]s4 ,long ,suits1 ^? conta9+ f\r or m c>ds1 at ,:i/4 ,lose ,out1 a c>d t loses f\r times 9 "o deal1 at ,f>o4 ,los+ ,c>ds1 ^? t w\ld lose tricks if !y 7 l$4 ,los+ ,haz>d1 pocket+ ! cue ball4 ,los+ ,trump1 "o :i* is n ! be/1 :5 only "o or two rema94 ,love-all1 no?+ scor$ on ei!r side4 ,lur*$1 n half way t[>d game4 ,ma91 ,f41 ) avoir ?is expression is indef9ite1 & may ref] to ! deal or ! lead4 ,) tre1 to be 9 ! lead4 ,dans la ma91 applies to ! possibilities ( ! h&4 ,plac] la ma91 to place ! lead4 ,make-up1 to get ! c>ds ready = ! next deal4 ,make ! ,pass1 to put ! two p>ts ( ! pack back z !y 7 be=e ! cut4 ,maldonne1 ,f41 misdeal4 ,man*e1 ,f41 "o game ( ! rubb]4 ,manque1 ! numb]s f #a to #ah at ,r\lette4 ,see ,passe4 ,m>que1 ,f41 a score :i* is kept ^u ! table by means ( c\nt]s4 ,m>t+ale1 any sy/em :i* controls ! am\nts wag]$ on a s]ies ( ev5ts4 7,see *apt] on ,*ance & ,probability47 ,mass1 a %ot made ) ! cue held ne>ly p]p5dicul>4 ,ma/] ,c>d1 ! be/ c>d rema9+ ( a suit :i* has be5 play$4 ,mats*1 ,g41 to w9 all ! tricks1 a slam4 ,me*anic1 a deal] :o c make ! c>ds come any way he pleases at ,f>o4 ,meld51 ,g41 to ann\nce1 claim1 or %[ any c\nt+ comb9ation ( c>ds4 ,ml]1 ,f41 to %uffle4 ,memory ,duplicate1 play+ ov] ! same h&s at ! same table2 ! play]s :o held ! ,n & ,s c>ds gett+ ! ,e & ,w = ! ov]play4 ,m5age1 ,f41 ga!r+ & arrang+ ! c>ds = ! succe$+ deal :5 two packs are us$4 ,milk+1 tak+ a c>d f ! bottom & ! top ( ! pack at ! same "t ) ! =ef+] & ?umb4 ,mis*51 ,g41 to %uffle4 ,misdeal1 any failure to di/ribute ! c>ds prop]ly4 ,mise1 ,f41 ! lay\t1 or ! orig9al pool4 ,misre ,ouv]te4 ,!re is no su* expression z ?is 9 ,fr5*2 ! prop] t]m is ,misre sur table4 ,see ,bo/on4 ,mittelh&1 ,g41 ! second play] on ! fir/ trick1 9 ,skat4 ,mix$ ,pair1 a lady & g5tleman play+ z p>tn]s4 ,mort1 ,f41 ! dummy h& at ,:i/ or ,bridge4 ,m\? ,bets1 ^? made )\t putt+ up ! money4 ,"o :o fails to pay m\? bets is a wel*]4 ,mugg9s1 to take a score :i* has be5 ov]look$ by an adv]s>y1 especially 9 ,cribbage & ,dom9oes4 ,natural1 any?+ :i* w9s ! /ake imm$iately2 #g or #aa at ,craps2 #ba at ,v+t-et-un2 #h or #i at ,bacc>a4 ,natural ,po9ts1 ^? :i* mu/ be made e deal1 su* z big & little cass9o1 high1 l[1 etc4 ,navette1 ,f41 a cross ruff4 ,neb5 ,f>be1 ,g41 pla9 suits4 ,next1 ! suit ( ! same col\r z ! turn$ trump at ,eu*re4 ,diamonds are 8next0 to he>ts4 ,nick1 a natural at ,craps2 #g or #aa on ! fir/ ?r[4 ,nicknames = ,c>ds3 ,! #i is ! curse ( ,scotl&2 ! #d is ! devil's b$po/s2 ! ,a is ! ,puppy-foot2 ! ,jack ( trumps at ,spoil ,five is ! ,playboy1 & ! ,five ( trumps is ! ,five ,f+]s4 ,n4 ,e4 ,s4 ,w41 lett]s us$ to di/+ui% ! play]s at ,duplicate ,:i/4 ,n always leads1 unless o!rwise specifi$4 ,nurs+1 keep+ ! balls toge!r at ,billi>ds1 z di/+ui%$ f ga!r+1 :i* br+s !m toge!r4 ,odd ,trick1 ! sev5? won by ! same p>tn]s at ,:i/4 ,op5 ,bets1 bets at ,f>o :i* play c>ds to w94 ,op5]s1 c>ds :i* entitle a play] to op5 a jack-pot4 ,orig9al ,lead1 ! op5+ lead ( a h& at ,:i/4 ,pair1 ,f41 ! ev5 numb]s at ,r\lette4 ,see ,impair4 ,pairs1 9 ,duplicate ,:i/1 ! p>tn]s sitt+ ,n & ,s1 or ,e & ,w4 ,any two c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation4 ,pairs ,royal1 any ?ree c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation4 ,p>tie1 ,f41 a game :i* requires a numb] ( deals to decide x4 ,pass1 to decl9e any und]tak+ 9 a game4 ,passe1 ,f41 ! numb]s f #ai to #cf at ,r\lette4 ,pat ,h&s1 ^? :i* are play$ )\t disc>d+ or ex*ang+ any ( ! c>ds orig9ally dealt4 ,pausir5d51 ,g41 "o :o %>es 9 ! =tunes ( ! game1 al?\gh n actually play+1 z ! deal] 9 f\r-h&$ ,skat4 ,pay+ 9 ,c>ds4 ,:5 ! bank] & ! play]'s po9t is equal1 ! latt] is said to 8pay 9 c>ds40 ,p5ultimate1 ! l[e/ b "o ( a suit at ,:i/4 ,phas]1 ,f41 to *ange ! pack4 ,philosoph]1 a c>d %>p4 ,piano ,h&s1 h&s :i* run along smoo?ly at ,:i/1 & yield no opportunities = loss or ga94 ,pik+1 mak+ small bets all ov] ! lay\t at ,f>o4 ,playboy1 ! ,jack ( trumps at ,spoil ,five4 ,pla9 ,suits1 ^? :i* are n trumps4 ,po9t1 ,f41 ! suit conta9+ ! greate/ numb] ( pips4 ,pone1 ! play] on ! deal]'s "r1 :o cuts ! c>ds4 ,ponte1 ,f41 "o :o plays aga9/ ! bank]4 ,po/ ,mortems1 discussions z to :at might h be5 at ,:i/1 sometimes call$1 8,if y hads40 ,pot1 /rictly speak+1 ! am\nt to be play$ = :5 a pool has exce$$ a c]ta9 limit1 especially 9 ,spoil ,five & ,bo/on4 ,premi] en ,c>tes1 ,f41 ! fir/ to play4 ,private ,conv5tions1 any sy/em ( giv+ in=mation by ! play :i* c\ld n be und]/ood by a p>tn] unless expla9$ to him4 ,probabilities1 ! odds 9 fav\r ( any ev5t4 ,progression1 a m>t+ale :i* increases a bet a c]ta9 am\nt e "t x is lo/1 & decreases x e "t x is won4 ,proil1 or ,prial1 ,pairs ,royal4 ,puits1 ,f41 only "o to g1 ! :iskey hole4 ,punt]s1 ^? :o play aga9/ ! bank]4 ,puppy-foot1 ! ace ( clubs4 ,qu>t1 ! ,engli% equival5t ( ! ,fr5* ^w quatrime1 a sequ5ce ( f\r c>ds4 ,qu>t ,major1 ,a ,k ,q ,j ( any suit4 ,quatorze1 ,f41 f\r c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation4 ,quatrime1 ,f41 a sequ5ce ( f\r c>ds4 ,queue1 ,f41 ! po9ts add$ = w9n+ ! rubb]4 ,qu9te1 ,f41 a sequ5ce ( five c>ds4 ,quitt$4 ,a trick is quitt$ :5 ! f+]s are remov$ f x aft] x is turn$ d[n4 ,9 ,duplicate1 a trick is n quitt$ until all f\r play]s h remov$ _! f+]s f x4 ,a score is quitt$ :5 ! f+]s are remov$ f ! c\nt]s1 ! peg1 or ! p5cil4 ,raffles1 ! same numb] appe>+ on all ! dice ?r[n4 ,ran*e1 leav+ ! black p9 /&+ alone at ,p9 ,pool4 ,re-entry ,c>ds1 c>ds 9 o!r suits :i* br+ 9 long suits at ,:i/4 ,reiz51 ,g41 to draw a p]son on2 to irritate or provoke him to bidd+ m ?an he %\ld4 ,rej\1 duplicate :i/4 ,r5ege1 failure to foll[ suit1 hav+ none4 ,see ,revoke4 ,r5\nce1 same z r5ege4 ,r5trant1 ,f41 ! play] :o takes ! place ( ! los] 9 a previ\s game4 ,r5vi]1 ,f41 to raise ! bet1 to improve4 ,ret\rne1 ,f41 any c>d turn$ on ! talon1 or = a trump4 ,revoke1 failure to foll[ suit :5 able to d s1 z di/+ui%$ f a r5\nce or r5ege4 ,r+ ,91 to ex*ange any unfair = fair gambl+ implem5ts dur+ ! progress ( ! game4 ,see ,cold ,deck4 ,robb+1 ex*ang+ a c>d 9 ! h& = ! turn-up trump1 or disc>d+ sev]al = ! trumps rema9+ 9 ! pack4 ,see ,c9* & ,spoil ,five4 ,rook+1 hu/l+1 inveigl+ a p]son into a game = ! purpose ( *eat+ him4 ,r\nd1 a r\nd is complete :5 ea* play] has _h equal advantages ) reg>d to deal1 dummy1 etc4 ,r\nd ,games1 ^? :i* d n admit ( p>tn]%ips4 ,rubb]1 w9n+ two out ( ?ree games4 ,f41 ,robre4 ,rubicon$1 lur*$1 defeat$ be=e gett+ half way4 ,ruff+1 trump+ a suit4 ,run1 a succession ( c\nt+ %ots at ,billi>ds4 ,s*nitt1 ,g41 a f9esse4 ,s*neid51 ,g41 to f9esse4 ,s*9d5 is sometimes us$4 ,scrat*1 a fluke1 a score :i* 0 n play$ =4 ,screw ,%ot1 a =ce %ot at ,billi>ds4 ,second ,deal+1 deal+ ! second c>d f ! top ( ! pack1 keep+ back ! top c>d until x c be dealt to y\rself or y\r p>tn]4 ,see ,saw1 a cross ruff4 ,sequ5ce1 ?ree or m c>ds next 9 value to "o ano!r4 ,! ^w is sometimes us$ = two c>ds only4 ,%ort-c>d ,play]1 a pok] play]2 usually a %>p] also4 ,%ort ,suits1 ^? conta9+ less ?an f\r c>ds4 ,%ort-/op ,billi>ds4 ,%ort-/op play]s are ^? :o are good en\gh to play 9 halls hir$ = ! purpose1 b :o /op %ort ( ! *ampion%ip class4 ,%uffl+1 any me?od ( dis>rang+ ! c>ds s t no trace rema9s ( _! ord] dur+ ! previ\s deal or play4 ,sights1 ! diamonds on ! rail ( an ,am]ican billi>d table4 ,signall+ = ,trumps1 play+ a high] c>d be=e a l[] 9 a pla9 suit1 :5 no attempt is made to w9 ! trick4 ,s+leton1 "o c>d only ( any suit4 ,sk9 ,games1 ^? 9 :i* a play] _c possibly w94 ,skunk$1 :itewa%$1 s*w>tz1 beat5 )\t hav+ be5 able to score a s+le po9t4 ,slam1 w9n+ all ! tricks4 ,little ,slam1 w9n+ #ab out ( #ac possible4 ,sleep]1 a bet left or plac$ on a dead c>d at ,f>o4 ,sneak1 a s+leton :i* is l$ = ! especial purpose ( ruff+ ! second r\nd ( ! suit4 ,sn[+ ! ,c>ds1 milk+ or fuzz+ !m4 ,soda1 ! fir/ c>d at ,f>o1 expos$ face upw>d 9 ! box be=e any bets are made4 ,splits1 two c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation com+ on ! same turn at ,f>o4 ,spot ,/roke1 a s]ies ( w9n+ haz>ds ) ! r$ ball at ,engli% billi>ds4 ,squ>e ,game1 "o 9 :i* ! c>ds are p]fectly squ>e1 & h n be5 trimm$ = w$ges1 /ripp]s1 etc4 ,squeez]s1 c>ds ) indicators on ! edges4 ,/ack ( ,*ips1 tw5ty4 ,a 8/ack ( :ites0 is #e4 ,/>t]1 ! cut c>d at ,cribbage4 ,/e*51 ,g41 to trump4 ,/ill ,pack1 ! "o n 9 play :5 two are us$4 ,/ock1 c>ds left aft] ! deal is complete1 b :i* are to be us$ 9 ! foll[+ play4 ,/ool ,pigeon1 a hu/l]4 ,/raight ,:i/1 play+ a h& & imm$iately %uffl+ ! c>ds = ano!r deal1 z di/+ui%$ f ,duplicate4 ,/r5g? 9 ,trumps1 en\gh to ju/ify a play] 9 pass+ a d\btful trick2 usually f\r or five at lea/4 ,/r5g!n+ ,c>ds1 ^? :i* are ( no practical trick-tak+ value to ! lead]1 b :i* may be useful to ! p>tn]2 usually re/rict$ to ,q ,j #aj #i4 ,/r+ ,bets1 ^? t take all ! odd or all ! ev5 c>ds to play "o way1 w9 or lose1 at ,f>o4 ,/ripp]s1 c>ds trimm$ s t c]ta9 ones may be pull$ out ( ! pack at w4 ,/rohman1 ,g41 ! dummy at ,:i/ or ,bridge4 ,/rong ,suits1 ^? 9 :i* a numb] ( tricks c be made aft] ! adv]se trumps are out ( ! way4 ,sub ,e*o1 a trump signal 9 a pla9 suit1 made aft] p>tn] has l$ trumps1 & ! play] has n e*o$ on ! trump lead4 ,sub-sneak1 a two-c>d suit :i* is l$ = ! sole purpose ( gett+ a ruff on ! ?ird r\nd4 ,sweat+ ,out1 w9n+ a game )\t tak+ any risks1 by wait+ = ! trifl+ po9ts t fall to y\r %>e4 ,sy/ems1 any guide t keeps a play] f guess+ 9 ! di/ribution ( 8 bets2 z di/+ui%$ f a m>t+ale1 :i* controls ! am\nt ( ! wag] itself4 ,table ,games1 ,*ess1 ,*eck]s1 & ,backgammon4 ,tables1 ! anci5t "n = ,backgammon4 ,taille1 ,f41 a numb] ( packs %uffl$ toge!r1 :i* are n to be re%uffl$ or cut until all h be5 us$4 ,talon1 ! same z ,/ock4 ,team ,play+1 requir+ e memb] ( a team to play ) e o!r an equal numb] ( times1 at ,:i/4 ,t5ace4 ,! major t5ace is ! be/ & ?ird be/ c>ds rema9+1 or unplay$1 9 any suit1 su* z ,a ,q4 ,! m9or t5ace is ! second & f\r? be/1 su* z ,k ,j4 ,ttes1 ,k+s1 ,que5s & ,jacks4 ,?ree-c>d ,monte4 ,a game 9 :i* ?ree c>ds are dext]\sly ?r[n on ! table by a gambl]1 & ! victim is induc$ to bet t he c pick out "o :i* has be5 previ\sly nam$ & %[n4 ,?ree-e*o1 an e*o on a trump lead :5 hold+ ?ree only4 ,?ree-on-a-side1 a sy/em ( play+ ,f>o1 9 :i* c>ds are bet to w9 or lose an odd numb] ( times4 ,t\rne1 ,f41 see ,r\nd4 ,trail+1 play+ a c>d :i* accompli%es no?+4 ,tra%1 to disc>d4 ,tric1 ,f41 ! odd trick at ,:i/ or ,mort4 ,tricon1 ,f41 ?ree c>ds ( ! same d5om9ation4 ,tric-,trac1 ! ,european "n = ,backgammon4 ,trump-%[+ ,leads1 a sy/em ( private conv5tionalities 9 lead+ pla9 suits at ,:i/1 to %[ ! numb] ( trumps held by ! lead]4 ,unblock+1 gett+ out ( y\r p>tn]'s way :5 he has m c>ds ( ! suit ?an y h4 ,und]play1 lead+ a c>d :i* is n ! be/ ( a suit1 :5 ! be/ w\ld naturally be l$2 or hold+ up ! be/ c>d to let ano!r play] w9 ! trick4 ,vade1 ,f41 ! pool to be play$ =4 ,v]geb51 ,g41 misdeal4 ,v]leugn51 or ,v]lugn51 ,g41 to revoke4 ,vivant1 ,f41 ,dummy's p>tn]4 ,vole1 ,f41 w9n+ all ! tricks1 a slam4 ,vorh&1 ,g41 ! elde/ h&1 at ,skat4 ,vorw]f51 ,g41 to play out ( turn4 ,weak ,trumps1 n en\gh to ju/ify a play] 9 pass+ a d\btful trick4 ,w$ges1 c>ds trimm$ to tap] t[>d "o end1 s t if c]ta9 ones are rev]s$ !y c be easily pull$ out4 ,wel*]1 "o :o makes m\? bets1 & aft]w>d fails to pay4 ,:ipsaw$1 los+ two diff]5t bets on ! same turn4 ,:iskey ,hole1 only "o to g4 ,:itewa%$1 defeat$ )\t hav+ scor$ a po9t4 ,wide ,balls1 ^? :i* are ne> ! corn] ( ! table1 & are almo/ sure to be hit by a ball com+ f ei!r cu%ion4 ,wide ,c>ds1 ^? :i* are too f> ap>t to be likely to =m sequ5ces4 ,see ,close ,c>ds4 ,wid[1 any extra h& dealt 9 any game4 ,wimmeln1 ,g41 to bun* ! po9ts toge!r2 to fatt5 a trick = ! p>tn]4 ,wimmelf9te1 ,g41 lead+ a c>d :i* is calculat$ to induce ! second h& to fatt5 ! trick = 8 p>tn]4 ,w9n+ ,haz>ds1 pocket+ ! object ball4 ,w9n+ ,out1 a c>d t w9s f\r times 9 ! same deal at ,f>o4 ,y>bor\gh1 a h& at ,:i/ conta9+ no c>d high] ?an a ,n9e2 ! odds aga9/ x are #ahbg to #a4 ,y\ng] ,h&1 ! "o n ! lead] 9 two-h&$ games4 ,zange1 ,g41 a f\r*ette or t5ace4 ,zwickmuhle1 ,g41 a cross ruff4 ,,drive ,,:i/4 ,!re are sev]al me?ods ( play+ ,drive ,:i/2 ! mo/ popul> be+ to fill z _m tables z possible ) ! play]s t pres5t !mselves1 reg>dless ( any ord] fur!r ?an t p>tn]s %\ld sit opposite ea* o!r4 ,! play]s may select _! own p>tn]s1 or !y may be det]m9$ by lot1 accord+ to ! decision ( ! ho/ess4 ,/raight :i/ is play$2 ! c>ds be+ %uffl$ & cut afre% = e h&4 ,ea* deal is a game 9 itself4 ,draw+ = ,p>tn]s4 ,if !re is an equal numb] ( ladies & g5tlem51 & ! numb] is less ?an fifty-two1 a suffici5t numb] ( r$ & black c>ds %\ld be sort$ out1 & ! ladies ask$ to draw f ! r$1 ! m5 f ! black2 ^? gett+ ! same d5om9ations be+ p>tn]s4 ,= in/ance3 #af c\ples pres5t !mselves = play4 ,! ?irte5 ,he>ts & ! ,a #b #c ( ,diamonds %\ld be put into "o hat = ! ladies2 ! ?irte5 ,clubs1 & ,a #b #c ( ,spades be+ put into ano!r = ! m54 ,^? draw+ ! same d5om9ation ( ,he>ts & ,clubs1 or ( ,spades & ,diamonds are p>tn]s4 ,be=e play beg9s1 ! numb] ( h&s :i* x is propos$ to play %\ld be ann\nc$1 or a "t set = adj\rnm5t4 ,driv+4 ,!re is no rank atta*$ to ! tables1 b !y %\ld be arrang$ 9 su* a mann] t play]s may "k :i* table to g to next4 ,! p>tn]s seat !mselves :]ev] !y please1 & at ! tap ( ! bell at ! head ( ! table ! deal is cut =1 & play beg9s4 ,! w9n]s ( ! majority ( ! ?irte5 tricks at ea* table g to ! next table4 ,"h !y may ei!r cont9ue to play z p>tn]s1 or may divide1 :i* ev] has be5 ! /yle ( play decid$ ^u by ! ho/ess4 ,:5 ! p>tn]%ips h be5 drawn =1 x is usual to pres]ve !m = ! ev5+4 ,! los+ g5tleman at ea* table has ! deal = ! next h&4 ,scor+4 ,e h& mu/ be play$ out = all x is wor?1 bo? w9n]s & los]s scor+ all ! tricks !y take4 ,if ! same p>tn]s play toge!r ?r\gh\t ! ev5+1 "o score-c>d w d = ! c\ple4 ,if !y divide1 ea* individual mu/ h 8 or h] own score-c>d4 ,! w9n]s are ^? :o h tak5 ! greate/ numb] ( tricks 9 ! agre$ numb] ( h&s1 or dur+ ! "t limit4 ,:5 p>tn]s divide z !y drive on1 !re %\ld be two prizes1 "o = ladies1 & "o = g5tlem54 ,,bid ,,:i/4 ,?is is a popul> game on tra9s1 or :]ev] x may be necess>y to /op at ! end ( a deal )\t f9i%+ ! game4 ,?irte5 c>ds are dealt to ea* play]1 "o at a "t1 b no trump is turn$4 ,p>tn]s sit opposite ea* o!r1 & ! play] to ! left ( ! deal] makes ! fir/ bid4 ,,bidd+4 ,! bidd+ goes r\nd until no "o w g any high]4 ,! elde/ h& />ts by nam+ ! numb] ( po9ts he w make if all[$ to "n ! trump & lead to ! fir/ trick1 b he does n "n ! suit he purposes pick+ out4 ,x is n necess>y to lead a trump4 ,!re are two ways to bid4 ,9 "s places !re are sev5te5 po9ts to be play$ = 9 ea* deal2 "o = ea* trick ( ! ?irte5 & "o = ea* ( ! f\r hon\rs1 ace k+ que5 & jack1 9 ! trump suit4 ,hon\rs c\nt to ! side w9n+ !m1 & n to ! orig9al hold]s1 s t a play] hold+ ! f\r top hon\rs 9 any suit c\ld safely bid eight2 f\r tricks & f\r honors be+ a c]ta9ty1 b if t 0 all he made he w\ld lose on ! deal1 z ! o!r side w\ld score n9e po9ts out ( ! sev5te54 ,9 o!r places1 x is ! rule t ! bidd] mu/ make ! odd trick or he _c c\nt hon\rs or any?+ else4 ,!re are !n only elev5 po9ts to be play$ = 9 ea* deal2 sev5 odd tricks & f\r hon\rs4 ,any play] bidd+ f\r w\ld h to w9 ! odd & ?ree honors1 or two odd & two hon\rs1 or some?+ to make up 8 bid4 ,,scor+4 ,no matt] h[ _m m ?an 8 bid he makes1 he c score x all4 ,if he fails1 he is set back ! am\nt ( 8 bid4 ,if 8 adv]s>ies w9 ! odd trick or m1 !y c\nt "o po9t = ea* trick ov] ! book 9 addition to ! am\nt by :i* !y set ! bidd] back4 ,:5 !re are sev5te5 po9ts 9 play ea* deal1 x is usual to take ! l[] score f ! high] & score ! diff]5ce only1 b :5 ! bidd] fails1 he is n set back1 b simply gets no?+ at all1 :ile 8 oppon5ts score all !y make1 )\t any d$uctions4 ,,norwegian ,,:i/4 ,,c>ds4 ,?is v>iety ( :i/ is play$ ) a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 :i* rank f ! ,a ,k ,q d[n to ! deuce4 ,9 cutt+1 ! ace is l[4 ,,play]s4 ,f\r p]sons cut = p>tn]s1 ! two highe/ play+ aga9/ ! two l[e/1 ! l[e/ cut hav+ ! *oice ( seats & c>ds & deal+ ! fir/ h&4 ,,deal+4 ,! c>ds %uffl$ & cut1 ?irte5 are giv5 to ea* play]1 "o at a "t 9 rotation to ! left4 ,no trump is turn$1 z e h& is play$ )\t a trump4 ,,misdeal+4 ,9 case ( any irregul>ity 9 ! deal1 ! same deal] mu/ deal aga94 ,! laws gov]n+ misdeals are ! same z at :i/ or bridge4 ,,objects ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! play is = tricks alone1 b :e!r ! play]s try to w9 !m or to lose !m dep5ds on ! decl>ation4 ,9 ,gr&s x is to w92 9 ,nullos1 x is to lose4 ,,bidd+4 ,! play] to ! left ( ! deal] makes ! fir/ bid4 ,he may (f] to play gr& or nullo or he may pass4 ,! mom5t ei!r gr& or nullo is nam$1 ! bidd+ ends4 ,if ! fir/ play] passes1 ! next to ! left mu/ decl>e himself4 ,if all pass )\t a bid1 ! h& is play$ z a nullo4 ,any play] bidd+ out ( turn loses #bj po9ts1 & is b>r$ f bidd+ on t deal4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,if ! game is gr&1 ! play] to ! "r ( ! bidd] leads any c>d he pleases4 ,if ! game is nullo1 ! play] to ! left ( ! bidd] leads4 ,if no bid is made1 ! play] to ! left ( ! deal] leads4 ,ei!r p>tn] may take 9 ! tricks won by 8 side1 keep+ !m sep>ate1 s t !y may be easily c\nt$4 ,,scor+4 ,! game is #ej po9ts4 ,ea* trick ov] ! fir/ six c\nts f\r 9 gr&s1 b 9 "s places only two 9 nullos4 ,?is mu/ be agre$ ^u be=e play4 ,tricks ov] ! book c\nt = ! bidd]'s side 9 gr&s1 b aga9/ him 9 nullos4 ,if ! bidd] & 8 p>tn] fail to get ! odd trick 9 a gr&1 8 oppon5ts c\nt d\ble = ea* trick !y w9 ov] ! book1 b 9 nullos !re is no d\ble value4 ,,p5alties4 ,9 case ( a revoke1 ! side 9 fault gives ?ree tricks to its oppon5ts 9 gr&s1 or receives ?ree if x is a nullo4 ,! p5alty = a lead out ( turn is to call a suit4 ,,rum4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( ?is game1 & q a numb] ( ways ( play+ !m1 b ! /&>d me?od1 z adopt$ by ! be/ clubs1 is t "h giv54 ,! pr9cipal divisions ( ! game are ^? play$ ) ! s+le pack1 & ^? play$ ) ! d\ble pack & two jok]s4 ,,s+le-,,pack ,,rum4 ,,c>ds4 ,! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is us$1 rank+ f ! ,k ,q ,j d[n to ! ace1 ! suits hav+ no rank4 ,! ace may also be us$ 9 sequ5ce ) ! k+ z ! top ( a sequ5ce4 ,,play]s4 ,any numb] f two to six may play1 b f\r or five makes ! be/ game4 ,,cutt+4 ,! c>ds are spread & drawn = *oice ( seats & fir/ deal4 ,! l[e/ cut has fir/ *oice1 ! next l[e/ sitt+ on 8 left & s on r\nd ! table4 ,,deal+4 ,:5 two play1 t5 c>ds are giv5 to ea*4 ,:5 ?ree play1 sev5 to ea*4 ,:5 f\r play1 six to ea*4 ,! c>ds are dealt "o at a "t until all are help$ & ! next c>d is turn$ face up on ! table z a />t] = ! disc>d pile4 ,! /ock is left beside ?is c>d1 face d[n4 ,,object ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! aim ( ! play]s is to get rid ( ! c>ds dealt !m & ^? !y draw f ! /ock by lay+ face upw>d on ! table any comb9ations ( ?ree ( a k9d1 or ?ree 9 sequ5ce & suit4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! play] to ! left ( ! deal] beg9s by tak+ into 8 h& ! c>d t is face up1 if x suits him1 or ! top c>d ( ! /ock4 ,if he takes ! top ( ! /ock1 he puts x into 8 h& )\t %[+ x4 ,he may !n lay out any comb9ation ( ?ree c>ds t he holds1 b he is n oblig$ to d s4 ,:e!r he lays out any?+ or n1 he mu/ disc>d a c>d1 face up1 to take ! place ( ! "o drawn4 ,?is disc>d is always plac$ beside ! /ock1 & ( c\rse cov]s up any c>d already !re4 ,,lay+ ,,out4 ,aft] draw+ f ! /ock & be=e disc>d+1 a play] may lay out any ?ree c>ds1 b no m ?an ?ree at "o "t4 ,or he may add "o c>d f 8 h& to any comb9ation already laid out by ano!r play]1 b he _c add m ?an "o c>d 9 ?is way4 ,he may add a c>d to a comb9ation laid out by himself if he wi%es to4 ,,call+ ,,out4 ,ea* play] 9 turn to ! left draws1 lays out & disc>ds 9 ?is mann] until "s play] gets rid ( 8 la/ c>d1 :5 he calls out1 & ! game comes to an end4 ,! la/ c>d 9 a play]'s h& may be got rid ( by lay+ x out 9 comb9ation1 or by disc>d+ x if x is ! only c>d left4 ,,scor+4 ,z soon z any play] calls out x is too late = any o!r play] to lay d[n any comb9ations he may hold4 ,ea* play] 9 turn to ! left %[s 8 h& & ! w9n] gets cr$it = ! pip value ( 8 c>ds1 jacks be+ wor? #aa1 que5s #ab1 k+s #ac4 ,x sometimes happ5s t ! /ock is exhau/$ be=e any play] calls out4 ,9 ?is case ! disc>ds are turn$ face d[n )\t %uffl+ !m & ! pile drawn f z if x 7 ! /ock4 ,,spla%es4 ,! game is sometimes play$ ) ! condition t if any play] *ooses to risk hold+ 8 h& until he c lay x all d[n at once1 or lay d[n all b ! "o :i* he is all[$ to disc>d1 he w9s d\ble f ea* ( ! o!rs4 ,?is prompts a play] ) a good h& to hold x up = a r\nd or two on ! *ance ( gett+ d[n a spla%1 b ! play] :o sees !re is no *ance = him %\ld get rid ( z _m c>ds z he c be=e ! spla% comes1 & 9 _m cases "s play] w get rid ( all 8 c>ds 9 two or ?ree r\nds1 & w9 )\t a spla%4 ,,pok] ,,rum4 ,,c>ds4 ,9 ?is v>iety ( ! game1 ! ,a ,k ,q ,j are wor? t5 po9ts ea*1 ! ace elev51 & ! rema9+ c>ds _! face value4 ,! ace may be us$ z ! top ( a sequ5ce ,q ,k ,a1 or ! bottom ( ,a #b #c1 b n z "p ( a r\nd-!-corn]1 ,k ,a #b4 ,,deal+4 ,t5 c>ds are always giv5 to ea* play]1 no matt] h[ _m are 9 ! game4 ,if !re are m ?an ?ree at ! table1 ! d\ble pack mu/ be us$1 s z to leave c>ds en\gh = ! /ock4 ,,object ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! aim ( ! play] is to draw c>ds f ! /ock or disc>d pile until ! pip value ( ! unmat*$ c>ds 9 8 h& am\nts to #ae or less4 ,sequ5ces may run to any l5g?1 & f\r1 five1 or six ( a k9d is 9 ord]4 ,! c>ds 9 h& t d n fit any comb9ation ( ?ree or m are deadwood1 & ! object is to r$uce ?is deadwood to less ?an fifte54 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,ea* play] 9 turn to ! left ( ! deal] draws a c>d f ! /ock or ! disc>d pile & disc>ds "o 9 its place1 face up4 ,no play] is all[$ to lay d[n any?+ until he c %[ 8 :ole h&1 & !n only :5 8 deadwood is fifte5 or less1 & he is n oblig$ to lay d[n ev5 !n if he pref]s to wait until he c r$uce 8 deadwood /ill fur!r4 ,,! ,,%[-,,d[n4 ,z soon z any play] c %[ d[n 8 h&1 ! game is at an end4 ,he lays out 8 comb9ations & pu%es !m aside4 ,!n he ann\nces ! pip value ( 8 deadwood1 aft] disc>d+ a c>d 9 place ( ! "o drawn4 ,suppose he draws ! sev5 ( he>ts1 & lays d[n ! #f #g #h #i ( t suit2 ,j ,q ,k ( clubs2 disc>ds ! k+ ( spades & leaves two deuces & a five = 8 deadwood4 ,t is n9e po9ts4 ,ea* ( ! o!r play]s 9 turn to ! left !n lays d[n 8 h& & pu%es aside all comb9ations held4 ,if ! pip value ( 8 deadwood is m ?an t ( ! play] call+ = ! %[-d[n1 he pays ! diff]5ce4 ,if any play] has less ?an ! call]1 !n he is ! w9n]1 & ea* "o at ! table pays him1 ! call] pay+ him d\ble z a p5alty4 ,9 case ( ties = l[1 !y divide ! losses ( ! o!rs4 ,,pok] ,,g94 ,?is is a v>iety ( pok] rum 9 :i* ! deadwood mu/ n exce$ t5 po9ts & ea* play] is all[$ n only to put aside 8 own comb9ations aft] ! call = a %[-d[n comes1 b may add any ( 8 odd c>ds to ! comb9ations laid out by ! "o :o calls = a %[-d[n4 ,suppose t 9 ! example giv5 = pok] rum1 ! call] %[+ #f #g #h #i ( he>ts1 ,j ,q ,k ( clubs1 & n9e 9 8 deadwood1 ano!r play] has 9 8 t5 c>ds ! #g #h #i ( diamonds2 #f #g #h ( spades1 two f\rs & ! t5s ( clubs & he>ts4 ,:5 ! %[-d[n is call$ =1 he has tw5ty-eight po9ts 9 8 deadwood2 b by add+ 8 club t5 to ! call]'s sequ5ce ( ,j ,q ,k1 & ! he>t t5 to ! call]'s #f #g #h #i 9 t suit1 he r$uces 8 deadwood to eight po9ts1 ! pair ( f\rs1 & beats ! call] out by a po9t4 ,,p5alties4 ,if any play] turns out to h less 9 8 deadwood ?an ! call]1 z 9 ! example j giv51 ! call] =feits t5 po9ts to him1 9 addition to hav+ to pay = ! diff]5ce4 ,%\ld a play] call = a %[-d[n :5 he has m ?an t5 9 8 deadwood1 he loses five po9ts to ea* ( ! o!rs at ! table & takes up 8 c>ds aga94 ,,d\ble-,,pack ,,rum4 ,,c>ds4 ,?is game is always play$ ) two full packs ( fifty-two c>ds ea* & two jok]s1 all %uffl$ toge!r & us$ z "o4 ,! ace may be high or l[ 9 sequ5ces4 ,,deal+4 ,t5 c>ds are giv5 to ea* play]1 "o at a "t1 & ! next c>d is turn$ up & laid beside ! /ock to />t ! disc>d pile4 ,,lay+ ,,out4 ,sequ5ces 9 suit may run to any l5g?1 & any numb] ( c>ds or comb9ations may be laid out at "o "t4 ,five1 six or sev5 ( a k9d may be %[n1 & f\r ( a k9d may be ( any suits4 ,!re is no obligation to lay out any?+1 b ! play] :o lays out c d s only 9 8 prop] turn1 aft] draw+ a c>d4 ,he may add z _m c>ds z he pleases to any comb9ations already on ! table1 ei!r ( 8 own or o!r play]s4 ,,! ,,jok]s4 ,^! two c>ds h peculi> privileges4 ,a jok] may be call$ any?+ ! hold] pleases4 ,if x is us$ z ! int]ior ( a sequ5ce1 su* z #f jok] #h ( he>ts1 x mu/ rema9 !re1 b if x is plac$ at ! end ( a sequ5ce1 any play] has ! "r to remove x to ! o!r end1 plac+ x crossways1 to %[ t x has be5 mov$1 provid$ he c put a c>d 9 its place1 or add "o to ! sequ5ce bel[ ! jok]4 ,a jok] once mov$ _c be mov$ aga94 ,suppose "s play] has laid out ! #f #g jok] ( clubs4 ,! jok] /&s = ! #h ( clubs4 ,ano!r play] hold+ ! actual #h ( clubs c\ld move ! jok] to ! position ( ! #e & add 8 #h4 ,or if he _h ! #d ( clubs1 he c\ld move ! jok] to repres5t ! #e & add 8 #d to ! sequ5ce1 or he might add bo? #h & #d if he held ^? c>ds4 ,on acc\nt ( ! privilege ( lay+ out z _m c>ds at a "t z ! play] pleases1 & add+ z _m z he c to o!r comb9ations1 ?is is a mu* liveli] game ?an ! ord9>y s+le-pack rum4 ,! settl+ is ! same1 ! w9n] gett+ ! pip value ( ea* play]'s h&4 ,9 case no "o has all 8 c>ds d[n be=e ! /ock is exhau/$1 :i* is v unusual1 h[ev]1 ! disc>ds are turn$ face d[n & drawn f aga94 ,,canfield4 ,?is =m ( solitaire is (t5 confus$ ) ,klondike1 b !re is a m>k$ diff]5ce bo? 9 ! lay\t & ! play4 ,! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is us$4 ,aft] x has be5 ?or\ghly %uffl$ & prop]ly cut1 ?irte5 c>ds are c\nt$ (f1 face d[n1 & plac$ at ! play]'s left1 face up4 ,?is is ! /ock4 ,! f\rte5? c>d is !n turn$ face up & is ! f\ndation = t deal4 ,let u suppose x is a sev54 ,x is plac$ by itself1 fur!/ f ! play]1 wait+ = ! ?ree o!r sev5s to appe> to =m ?ree o!r f\ndations1 ea* 9 a diff]5t suit4 ,f\r c>ds are !n dealt (f f left to "r1 face up1 = ! lay\t4 ,hold+ ! rema9+ ?irty-f\r c>ds 9 ! left h&1 face d[n1 ! play] c\nts (f ?ree at a "t & turns !m face up on ! table1 b s t ! top c>d only is se54 ,if ?is c>d c be us$1 ! c>d "u x is available4 ,if n1 ! ?ree are left on ! table & ?ree m turn$ up 9 ! same way4 ,let u suppose ?is is ! appe>ance ( ! table3 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,f\ndation3-- ,! ,/ock3-- ,! ,lay\t3-- ,! top c>d ( ! ?ree3-- ,! play] c make sev]al *anges at once4 ,! five ( diamonds w g on ! club six1 ! club f\r on ! five1 ! ace ( diamonds on ! deuce ( spades1 leav+ a space :i* mu/ be fill$ f ! top ( ! /ock1 us+ ! c>d t 0 "u ! f\r ( clubs4 ,ano!r c>d is expos$ & available "u ! five ( diamonds4 ,c>ds built on ! f\ndations mu/ be 9 ! same suit1 & build upw>d1 no?+ b eights be+ available on ! sev5s4 ,on ! lay\t1 sequ5ces are built d[n1 & mu/ *ange col\r ea* "t4 ,any "t t !re is a space 9 ! f\r columns ( ! lay\t1 ! top c>d ( ! /ock may be us$ to fill ! space1 b ! /ock itself mu/ nev] be add$ to4 ,if !re are only two c>ds 9 any ( ! f\r columns ( ! lay\t at any "t1 & ! top "o c be us$ on ano!r pile1 x may be tak5 = t purpose4 ,suppose ! n9e ( he>ts 7 built on d[n to a black six1 ! five ( diamonds c\ld be remov$ to t pile to release ! six ( clubs4 ,aft] runn+ ?r\gh ! entire pack1 ?ree c>ds at a "t1 ! c>ds t h n be5 us$ 9 ! process1 & :i* are ly+ on ! table face up1 are tak5 up aga9 & turn$ face d[n1 )\t %uffl+ !m1 & run ?r\gh aga91 ?ree at a "t4 ,z long z any c>d c be us$ x mu/ alt] ! run ( ! c>ds t w turn up 9 ?rees aft] t1 & ! play] may cont9ue to g ?r\gh ! pack 9 ?is way until he is /opp$ by be+ unable to use any c>d t %[s at ! top ( ! ?ree he turns up4 ,! bett+ is aga9/ ! play] gett+ elev5 c>ds 9 8 f\ndation piles4 ,if ! pack is pur*as$ = #eb1 he gets #e = e c>d 9 8 f\ndations4 ,x is almo/ impossible to get out ! :ole fifty-two = #bfj1 b x is done occasionally4 ,i ,,d\bt ,,x4 ,?is is a good r\nd game1 any numb] tak+ "p4 ,! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is dealt r\nd1 "o c>d at a "t z f> z x w g equally1 ! rema9d] be+ left 9 ! c5tre ( ! table1 face d[n4 ,any "o c deal4 ,! play] to ! left ( ! deal] />ts ! game by tak+ f 8 h& any ?ree c>ds he pleases & lay+ !m on ! table 9 front ( him face d[n4 ,he !n ann\nces1 8,^! are ?ree jacks10 or any?+ he likes to call !m1 !re be+ no obligation to tell ! tru? ab\t x1 s ! c>ds might actually be a six f\r & a deuce4 ,ea* play] 9 turn to ! left c d\bt ! /atem5t t ! c>ds are ?ree jacks1 or he c pass4 ,if any play] 9 8 prop] turn says1 8,i d\bt x10 ! ?ree c>ds are at once turn$ face up4 ,if ! /atem5t is n correct1 ! ?ree c>ds are at once tak5 back into ! play]'s h&1 toge!r ) all ! c>ds ly+ face d[n 9 ! c5tre ( ! table at ! "t4 ,%\ld ! /atem5t turn out to be true1 ! play] :o d\bt$ x mu/ take ! ?ree jacks & all ! c>ds on ! table4 ,t settl$1 ! next play] to ! left lays out ?ree c>ds & ann\nces t !y are ?ree ( a k9d ( some?+ or o!r1 ea* play] to ! left pass+ or d\bt+ x4 ,if no "o que/ions ! correctness ( a /atem5t1 no explanation is giv5 by ! play] :o laid out ! c>ds4 ,he simply pu%es !m to ! c5tre ( ! table ) ! o!rs1 face d[n4 ,if he %[s !m1 or any "o ( !m1 z "s may d 9 a _s ( bravado1 he mu/ take all ?ree back into 8 h& & all on ! table ) !m4 ,! object ( d\bt+ is simply to prev5t a play] f gett+ rid ( ?ree c>ds1 b t[>d ! end ( ! game "o mu/ be c>eful1 z triplets are gradually ga!r$ = t /age4 ,if any play] has less ?an ?ree c>ds 9 8 h& :5 x comes to 8 turn to lay d[n1 he mu/ draw f ! table1 face d[n1 en\gh to make ?ree4 ,he may look at :at he draws be=e ann\nc+4 ,if !re are no c>ds on ! table1 he mu/ pass 8 turn4 ,! fir/ to get rid ( all 8 c>ds gets a *ip f ea* ( ! o!rs = ea* c>d !y hold4 ,,jass4 ,?is is popul>ly suppos$ to be ! prog5itor ( ! ,am]ican game ( p9o*le1 & is /ill v popul> 9 ,switz]l&4 ,,c>ds4 ,jass is play$ ) ! ?irty-six c>d pack1 ! #e #d #c #b ( ea* suit be+ ?r[n out4 ,! c>ds rank f ! ,a ,k ,q d[n to ! #f1 bo? 9 cutt+ & 9 play4 ,! c>ds h a pip value 9 scor+1 aces #aa1 t5s #aj1 k+s #d1 que5s #c & jacks #b4 ,9 ! trump suit1 ! jack is ! highe/ c>d1 & is wor? #bj po9ts in/ead ( #b4 ,! n9e ( trumps comes next1 be+ wor? #ad po9ts1 & is call$ 8,nell40 ,! rema9+ trumps rank z 9 pla9 suits4 ,! jack ( trumps has ! special privilege ( be+ all[$ to r5ege1 ev5 :5 ! hold] ( ! jack c foll[ suit4 ,,m>k]s4 ,! score is usually kept on a slate4 ,,play]s4 ,any numb] f two to f\r c take "p1 b ea* is always = himself4 ,! rules = two-h& diff] slightly f ^? = ?ree or f\r4 7,see ,two-h& ,jass47 ,,cutt+4 ,! fir/ deal is cut =1 high w9s4 ,! c>ds rank z 9 pla9 suit1 & ties cut aga91 to decide ! tie4 ,,deal+4 ,:5 ! pack is cut1 at lea/ f\r c>ds mu/ be left 9 ea* packet4 7,9 ,switz]l& !y cut to ! left & deal to ! "r2 b 9 ,am]ica ?is is n necess>y47 ,! c>ds are dealt ?ree at a "t = ?ree r\nds1 s t ea* play] receives n9e c>ds4 ,:5 f\r play1 ! la/ c>d mu/ be turn$ up = ! trump4 ,:5 ?ree play1 ! tw5ty-eigh? c>d is ! trump4 ,,object ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! play is to w9 tricks ) c>ds ( pip value 9 !m1 especially aces & t5s1 call$ game po9ts1 & also to meld c]ta9 comb9ations ( c>ds t are f\nd 9 ! play]'s h&4 ,:5 ?ree play1 ! deal] may ex*ange 8 n9e c>ds = ! n9e t are left on ! table1 b he mu/ surr5d] ! turn$ up trump among ^? n9e c>ds to any play] t holds ! six4 ,if ! deal] does n wi% to ex*ange1 ea* play] 9 turn to ! left may d s4 ,9 mak+ ! ex*ange1 no c>d ( ! n9e orig9ally dealt to ! play] may be kept1 n ev5 ! six ( trumps4 ,! pip value ( ! c>ds won 9 tricks c\nt = ! play] at ! end ( ! h&4 ,! foll[+ values are = ! melds3 ,f\r jacks are wor? #bjj ,f\r aces1 k+s1 que5s1 or t5s #ajj ,five c>ds ( any suit 9 sequ5ce #ajj ,f\r c>ds ( any suit 9 sequ5ce #ej ,?ree c>ds ( any suit 9 sequ5ce #bj ,k+ & que5 ( trumps #bj ,! melds are made aft] ! play] has play$ 8 c>d to ! fir/ trick1 :e!r he w9s t trick or n1 b ! melds are n cr$it$ to him on ! slate unless he w9s at lea/ "o trick dur+ ! play ( ! h&4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,:5 f\r play x is sometimes p]missible = "o to pass out1 ea* 9 turn to ! left hav+ ! "r4 ,! fir/ ?+ is = ! hold] ( ! six ( trumps to ex*ange x = ! turn$-up trump4 ,! play] to ! left ( ! deal] !n leads any c>d he pleases1 & ea* play] 9 turn mu/ foll[ suit & mu/ head ! trick if he c2 by trump+ if he has none ( ! suit l$4 ,z soon z a c>d is play$1 ! play] makes 8 meld1 ann\nc+ its pip value4 ,! w9n] ( ! la/ trick scores five po9ts = x4 ,,scor+4 ,sometimes #a1jjj po9ts is a game1 z 9 p9o*le1 & ! fir/ play] to call out w9s if he is correct2 if n he loses4 ,sometimes 9 ?ree or f\r-h&1 x is agre$ to play "s numb] ( deals divisible by f\r1 usually #ab or #af4 ,^! are indicat$ by cross m>ks on ! slate1 ea* arm repres5t+ a deal4 ,! two play]s ) ! high] scores at ! end ( ! h& ea* rub (f a m>k & ! "o :o is fir/ to rub (f all 8 m>ks is ! w9n]1 or ! la/ to wipe (f is /uck1 accord+ to agreem5t4 ,any "o fail+ to get z _m z #ba po9ts 9 meld & play is set back a m>k4 ,,two-,,h& ,,jass4 ,:5 only two play1 ! game closely resembles ,am]ican p9o*le1 ! w9n] ( ea* trick draw+ a c>d f ! top ( ! /ock1 ! los] draw+ ! next "o4 ,all melds are made imm$iately aft] w9n+ a trick & be=e draw+ f ! /ock1 only "o meld at a "t be+ all[$4 ,x is n necess>y to foll[ suit to any?+ until ! /ock is exhau/$1 aft] :i* all melds cease & ! second play] to ea* trick mu/ w9 x if he c1 b ! jack ( trumps /ill has ! privilege ( r5\nc+ if a pla9 suit is l$4 ,,pati5ce ,,pok] ,z its "n implies1 ?is is a =m ( solitaire1 b x may be manag$ s z to provide a pleas+ competition = any numb] ( play]s4 ,bo? =ms ( ! game w be describ$1 ! solitaire fir/4 ,,c>ds4 ,! full pack ( fifty-two c>ds is %uffl$ & cut4 ,keep+ x face d[n 9 ! left h&1 ! top c>d is turn$ up & laid ^u ! table4 ,! next c>d is turn$ up & laid 9 su* a position t x t\*es ! fir/ "o1 ei!r on "o ( its f\r edges1 or "o ( its f\r corn]s4 ,! ?ird c>d mu/ t\* "o or o!r ( ! two already on ! table 9 ! same mann]1 & s on until tw5ty-five c>ds h be5 drawn & plac$1 b ! tw5ty-five mu/ be s arrang$ z to =m a squ>e ( five c>ds ea* way4 ,z no c>d c be mov$ f its orig9al position1 z soon z !re are c>ds en\gh 9 ei!r direction1 up & d[n1 or f left to "r1 to make a r[ ( five1 no m c>ds c be laid beyond t po9t1 z x w\ld transgress ! limits ( ! squ>e4 ,,object ,,( ,,! ,,game4 ,! aim ( ! play] is to place ea* c>d z x comes f ! top ( ! pack 9 ! mo/ advantage\s position = comb9+ ) o!r c>ds1 ei!r already !re or hop$ =1 s t ea* r[ ( five c>ds1 up & d[n1 or "r to left1 %all be a pok] h& ( "s value4 ,,value ,,( ,,! ,,h&s4 ,! v>i\s h&s possible 9 pok] are giv5 a c\nt+ value1 suppos$ to be 9 proportion to ! difficulty ( gett+ !m4 ,!re are ?ree sy/ems ( c\nt+ 9 common use1 ! ,engli% diff]+ slightly f ! ,am]ican1 bo? 9 value & 9 rank4 ,! v>i\s scor+ values are "h giv53 ,"o pair #b #a #a ,two pairs #e #b #c ,triplets #aj #g #f ,/raights #ae #i #ab ,flu%es #bj #e #e ,full h&s #be #ab #aj ,f\r ( a k9d #ej #bj #af ,/raight flu% #ge #cj #cj ,royal flu% #ajj #ej #cj ,! fir/ column giv5 is ! ,am]ican sy/em ( c\nt+ by fives1 aft] "o pair1 reta9+ ! regul> pok] rank ( ! h&s4 ,! second column is ! ,am]ican sy/em t puts ! /raight next to ! full h&1 & ! flu% betwe5 two pairs & a triplet4 ,! ?ird column is ! ,engli% sy/em1 :i* ranks ! /raight above ! full h&4 ,z no p]son has z yet come =w>d ) any figures to %[ :i* comb9ation is easi] to get 9 pati5ce pok]1 nor ! proportion ( "o h& to ! o!r1 ^! figures are all guess "w2 & play]s may adopt any values !y please4 ,z soon z ! tableau is complete1 ) five r[s ( five c>ds ea*1 ! value ( ea* ( ! t5 h&s ! tableau conta9s is f\nd & ! total put d[n4 ,! object ( ! solitaire play] usually is to see h[ _m tableaus he ne$s to rea* a gr& total ( #ejj po9ts4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,good ,,play4 ,exp]i5ce has %[n t x pays to keep c]ta9 classes ( h& 9 "o section1 ei!r left to "r or up & d[n4 ,_m play]s put all ! flu%es 9 ! v]tical columns1 & build ! pairs1 triplets & f\rs f "r to left4 ,/raights are unc]ta9 quantities unless !y are flu% also & are seldom play$ =4 ,ea* c>d has a d\ble value1 & x may help to make up two h&s ( high scor+ p[]1 if well plac$4 ,! highe/ possible po9t value = a tableau w\ld probably be five h&s ( f\r ( a k9d & five /raight flu%es1 f\r ( :i* w\ld be royal1 l ?is3 ,illu/ration3 ,! odds aga9/ ! c>ds com+ f ! /ock 9 su* ord] z to make a tableau l ?is possible w\ld be enorm\s1 b !re are _m sets ( tw5ty-five c>ds t c be re>rang$ s z to make a mu* high] c\nt ?an t actually arriv$ at 9 ! solitaire4 ,! play]'s skill consi/s 9 anticipat+ ! possibilities t c]ta9 c>ds w be drawn & 9 s arrang+ 8 table t if ! hop$ = c>d comes out1 ! mo/ advantage\s place w be f\nd op5 = x4 ,,two ,,or ,,m ,,play]s4 ,any numb] c play ?is game1 ! only limitation be+ ! numb] ( packs available & space en\gh on ! table = ea* "o to lay out 8 own tableau4 ,"o play] is select$ z ! 8call]0 & he %uffles 8 pack & pres5ts x to be cut4 ,9 ! meantime ea* ( ! o!rs sorts 8 individual pack into sequ5ce & suit1 s z to be able to pick out any nam$ c>d )\t unnecess>y delay4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,play+4 ,! call] />ts by tak+ (f 8 top c>d & plac+ x face up on ! table1 at ! same "t ann\nc+ al\d its suit & rank1 z 8,sev5 ( clubs40 ,?is makes x unnecess>y = ! o!rs to wat* ! c>ds ! call] draws4 ,ea* play] picks out 8 sev5 ( clubs & places x on ! table 9 front ( him1 face up1 z a />t] = 8 tableau4 ,suppose ! next c>d call$ is ! t5 ( diamonds4 ,z ea* play] c place t c>d 9 any "o ( eight diff]5t positions ) reg>d to ! sev5 ( clubs1 & ! next c>d aft] t 9 any "o ( a doz5 positions1 x mu/ be evid5t t al?\gh ! tw5ty-five c>ds call$ w be ! same = e tableau1 ! result+ pok] comb9ations may be va/ly diff]5t4 ,,scor+4 ,ea* play] is cr$it$ ) ! value ( 8 tableau1 & !n ! duty ( be+ call] passes to ! left4 ,! game is at an end :5 an agre$ numb] ( deals h be5 play$1 or at ! expiration ( a specifi$ "t1 ! highe/ total score be+ ! w9n]4 ,,solitaire ,,cribbage4 ,?is game may be play$ by "o p]son or by sev]al1 two to f\r mak+ an int]e/+ game1 ei!r z p>tn]s or ea* = himself4 ,! individual play] takes a full pack ( fifty-two c>ds1 %uffles & cuts1 & deals (f ?ree = himself1 two = 8 crib1 & !n ?ree m = himself4 ,tak+ up ! six1 he sorts !m & disc>ds = ! crib1 j z if ! two c>ds already !re _h be5 laid (f by an oppon5t4 ,! pack is !n cut = ! />t]4 ,!re is no play1 & ! h& is turn$ up & c\nt$1 scor+ x on a regul> cribbage bo>d4 ,! crib is !n c\nt$ & scor$4 ,leav+ ! />t] /ill face up on ! top ( ! pack1 ! eight c>ds 9 h& & crib are ?r[n aside4 ,= ! next deal1 ! play] gives himself ?ree c>ds f ! top ( ! pack1 "o ( :i* 0 ! />t] on ! la/ deal1 !n two = ! crib & ?ree m = himself1 disc>d+ = ! crib1 cutt+ a />t]1 c\nt+ & scor+ h& & crib z be=e4 ,?is is cont9u$ until only f\r c>ds are left1 "o ( !m be+ ! />t] = ! la/ deal4 ,turn up ^! f\r c>ds & c\nt !m z a h&4 ,! game is usually #ia po9ts1 & ! object ( ! solitaire play] is to see if he c rea* ! game hole )\t go+ ?r\gh ! pack m ?an once4 ,if he does n rea* ) six h&s & cribs1 ea* ) a />t]1 & "o h& ( f\r c>ds )\t a />t]1 he has fail$ to get ! solitaire4 ,,:5 ,,two ,,or ,,m ,,play4 ,! object is n[ to see :i* play] or p>tn]%ip c get ! greate/ numb] ( po9ts 9 go+ ?r\gh ! pack once1 ea* play+ 8 own solitaire ) 8 individual pack1 b keep+ level ) 8 oppon5ts 9 ! matt] ( h&s & deals4 ,x is usual = ea* to cut ! />t] = ! o!r & !n to v]ify ! c\nt ( ! o!r's h&s & cribs4 ,if "o rea*es #ia be=e ! o!r gets r\nd pa/ #fj1 x is reckon$ z a d\ble game4 ,if nei!r side rea*es #ia be=e ! pack runs out1 ! play] t comes ne>] to x w9s4 ,:5 two play aga9/ two z p>tn]s1 ea* takes an adv]s>y & plays aga9/ him individually1 ! scores be+ balanc$ at ! end by add+ ^? ( ! p>tn]s toge!r4