,,new ,,edition ,,( ,,h9ts ,,on ,silv]$-,glass ,reflect+ ,,telescopes ,,manufactur$ ,,by ,,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]1 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,,) ,,directions ,,= ,,silv]+1 ,,adju/+1 c4 #ahgg4 ,,george ,,calv]1 ,,hill ,,h\se1 ,,wid=d1 ,,*elms=d1 ,,essex4 ,illu/ration3 decorative ,,h9ts ,,on ,silv]$-,glass ,reflect+ ,telescopes4 ,( ! v>i\s =ms ( ,telescopes n[ 9 use1 ea* has its own peculi> advantages2 b ! ,silv]$-,glass ,reflector is und\bt$ly ga9+ fav\r among our practical obs]v]s4 ,a well-figur$ speculum1 be+ p]fectly free f *romatic ab]ration1 gives1 9 a prop] condition ( ! atmosph]e1 ! f9e/ possible def9ition ( ! ,moon & planets1 ! m>k+s & col\rs ( ^! objects be+ excell5tly se52 :ile col\r$ />s1 su* z ,albireo 7 ,cygni71 or ,almaa* 7 ,&rom$71 are exce$+ly well %[n1 ! beautiful contra/ ( ! />s 9 ! =m] be+ especially noticeable 9 a reflector4 ,! advice ( 8,f4,r4,a4,s40 79 ! 8,engli% ,me*anic10 ,m>* #ba/1 #ahgc7 z to ! *oice ( a ,telescope1 may "h appropriately be quot$4 ,aft] express+ a pref]5ce = refractors :5 measur+ close d\ble-/>s1 he says1 8,b %\ld ! object ( y\r correspond5t be m]ely to reg>d ! wond]s & beauties ( ! ,heav5s1 or notably1 %\ld he purpose to devote himself to ! /udy ( ! physical /ructure ( ! ,moon & planets1 !n by all means let him obta9 ! l>ge/ reflector he c af=d2 its absolute a*romatism tells mo/ a/oni%+ly on ^! la/-nam$ objects40 ,?is is ! op9ion ( "o :o has great practical k ( ! diff]5t =ms ( ,telescopes4 ,if ,a*romatic ,telescopes ( l>ge ap]ture c\ld be made z *eaply z reflectors1 & 9 z conv5i5t a =m1 !y w\ld d\btless be pref]r$ = g5]al />-"w1 al?\gh ! ab]rations1 especially t ( col\r1 _c be s p]fectly correct$4 ,a silv]$-glass reflector is1 h[ev]1 mu* *eap] ?an a refractor1 &1 :5 ! ap]ture exce$s five or six in*es1 is mu* h&i] to "w1 & occupies less space1 be+ only ab\t half ! l5g? ( an a*romatic ( ! same ap]ture4 ,x is true t a reflector w give less light ?an an a*romatic ( equal ap]ture--b ?is is1 9 c]ta9 conditions ( ! atmosph]e1 a di/9ct advantage1 ! extra ap]ture to give ! same light add+ to ! def9ition & p5etrat+ p[]4 ,an example ( ?is is se5 9 ! beautiful def9ition giv5 by an unsilv]$ mirror on brilliant objects1 z ! ,sun1 ,moon1 & ,v5us4 ,9 l>ge a*romatics1 ! di/ress+ excess ( light has (t5 to be r$uc$ by dim9i%+ ! ap]ture or us+ a high] p[] ?an is conv5i5t2 & 9 su* cases a l[] & m suitable p[] c be employ$ ) a reflector4 ,:5 ! air is un/eady1 ! def9ition ( ,reflectors1 ow+ to _! tubes be+ op51 is m liable to fluctuate ?an t ( refractors1 al?\gh :5 a reflector does n give good def9ition on acc\nt ( ! atmosph]e1 a refractor ( ! same ap]ture w c]ta9ly n p]=m satisfactorily4 ,sir ,john ,h]s*el has %[n t :5 ! air 9 ! tube ( ev5 an a*romatic is di/urb$ 9 turn+ f "o object to ano!r1 good def9ition does n return until x is br\ght to re/4 ,9 ord] to r$uce ! vibration ( ! air 9 ! op5 tube1 & also t ( ! /&1 to a m9imum1 reflectors require to be v firmly & /eadily m\nt$1 & to h iron tubes4 ,_m ( ! specula made by me are n[ 9 obs]vatories1 :]e !y h be5 comp>$ ) a*romatics ( fir/-rate quality ) ! mo/ satisfactory results4 ,= in/ance1 sev]al #f-a_/b in* specula 7 tri$ ) two excell5t a*romatics ( #d-a_/b & #f in*es ap]ture1 :5 ! planet>y def9ition 0 consid]$ to be sup]ior ) ! reflectors2 & ! appe>ance ( ! />-discs1 ) equal ap]tures1 diff]$ little f ! beauty & h>dness ( ! images giv5 by ! a*romatics4 ,9 view+ />s ( great altitude1 ! use ( ! refractor is extremely inconv5i5t to ! obs]v]1 ^: position is necess>ily v uncom=table1 :ile ) ! ,newtonian reflector any "p ( ! heav5s may be obs]v$ ) ! same ease & com=t4 ,9 %ort1 a good speculum1 well m\nt$ & situat$1 is sure to be bo? pleas+ & satisfactory4 ,x is p]haps unnecess>y to rem9d ! read] t1 :5 ! def9+ p[]s ( a telescope are put to ! te/1 z mu* dep5ds on ! acut5ess ( ! obs]v]'s eye & ! practice he has _h1 z ^u ! p]fection ( ! in/rum5t & ! f95ess ( air4 ,x is a mi/ake to suppose t :5 ! />s appe> to be ! brighte/ to ! unaid$ eye1 def9ition w be at its be/1 ?\gh ?is may happ52 :5 x does s1 ! a/ronom] %\ld make ! mo/ possible use ( ! opportunity1 z su* nights are v sc>ce4 ,z a rule1 ! be/ nights are ^? :5 !re is ! slighte/ possible mi/9ess ( ! atmosph]e1 & = ! fa9te/ />s abs5ce ( bright moonlight4 ,! #e in* mirror is gu>ante$ to divide />s "o second ap>t ) ease1 & clos] ones 9 v f9e air4 ,! #h-a_/b w split su* difficult pairs z #b ,&rom$1 & #b ,botis4 ,an acute eye w ma/] ^! />s ) ev5 a less ap]ture on v fav\rable occasions1 #b ,&rom$ hav+ be5 se5 ) a #g-;in* /op ( a #aj-;in* mirror1 & ,mr4 ,sadl]1 ( ,honiton ,rectory1 has split ?is /> ) 8 #f-a_/b-;in* telescope4 ,x sometimes happ5s on fav\rable nights t ! mo/ difficult objects w be se5 ) ! same telescope1 :i* on o!r occasions _h fail$ to %[ !m z well z a mu* small] ap]ture _h done 9 v f9e air4 ,^! rem>ks equally apply to ! obs]vation ( m9ute />s & planet>y detail4 ,! amateur mu/ foll[ ! advice ( ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,w4 ,webb1 giv5 9 8,cele/ial ,objects0 7pages #ae-ag71 & mu/ cultivate t virtue applicable to all sci5tific inve/igation1 namely1 pati5ce4 ,! foll[+ int]e/+ & difficult objects may be look$ =1 ! p[]s us$ = _! obs]vation %\ld v>y f #aej to #cjj1 & = ! v close/ />s up to #ejj1 or ev5 /ill high]4 ,,te/s ,,= ,,specula4 ,,light ,,te/s4 #id ,ophiu*i4 #e 3 #g1 #ac4 #eh ,ceti4 #ce 3 #fe1 #ad4 ,crat]is4 #c 3 #d1 #ad4 #ae ,monoc]otis4 #be1 #ae 3 #f1 #ie1 #ae4 ,orionis4 #ae1 #bj 3 #d1 #ae1 #ab4 ,ceti4 #f 3 #de1 #ae4 ,trianguli4 #e 3 #ee1 #ae4 #agi ,piscium4 #c 3 #he1 #ae4 #aaj ,h]culis4 #ee 3 #e1 #af4 ,&rom$4 #de 3 #d1 #af4 ,equulei4 #ce1 #c1 #ej 3 #e1 #ac1 #af1 #ad4 #he ,virg9is4 #cj 3 #f1 #af4 #ee ,&rom$4 #be 3 #ee1 #af4 #agh;a ,delph9i4 #bj 3 #ge1 #af4 #bab ,libr4 #bj1 #aj 3 #f1 #af1 #h4 #ad ,monoc]otis4 #aj 3 #f1 #af4 #id ,ceti4 #e 3 #ee1 #af4 ,aquil4 #ae 3 #ce1 #af4 ,,sep>at+ ,,te/s4 #cc ,orionis4 #b 3 #f1 #h4 #eb ,orionis4 #ah 3 #f1 #h4 ,cygni4 #ah 3 #ce1 #i4 #b ,camelop>di4 #ag 3 #ee1 #ge4 ,aquil4 #ag 3 #f1 #g4 #b ,cancri4 #ad 3 #ee1 #g4 #i ,leonis4 #ab 3 #ge1 #ge4 ,orionis4 #a 3 #d1 #e4 ,arietis4 #a 3 #e1 #fe4 #d ,lyncis4 #a 3 #f1 #ge4 #cg ,pegasi4 #jh 3 #f1 #ge4 #gdi ,tauri4 #jh 3 #ga1 #gb4 #df ,arietis4 #jh 3 #h1 #i4 a ,cygni4 #jg3 #e1 #f4 ,delph9i4 #jg 3 #e1 #ee4 #bj ,draconis4 #jg 3 #g1 #ge4 #bhg ,draconis4 #jg 3 #g1 #h4 #agh;b ,delph9i4 #jf 3 #de1 #f4 ,draconis4 #jf 3 #de1 #fe4 #b ,&rom$4 #jf 3 #he1 #i4 #b ,botis4 #je 3 #h1 #he4 a ,botis4 #je 3 #de1 #de4 #g ,tauri4 #je 3 #f1 #fe4 #ajh ,draconis4 #je 3 #i1 #i4 ,h]culis4 #jc 3 #c1 #h4 #db ,com ,b]5ices4 #jc 3 #de1 #e4 ,leonis4 #jc 3 #fe1 #ge4 ,s9ce writ+ ! fir/ edition ( my catalogue1 ! writ] has receiv$ _m gratify+ acc\nts ( ! success ( ! 8,silv]$-,glass ,reflector40 ,_m private lett]s h be5 receiv$ by him f obs]v]s1 express+ _! delight & satisfaction4 ,?is has be5 s enc\rag+ t no pa9s h be5 sp>$1 nor any opportunities neglect$1 9 turn+ to ! be/ purpose e valuable lesson t cont9u$ practice & exp]i5ce may h sugge/$ 9 ! manipulation ( specula f "t to "t1 9 ord] to secure ! be/ means = obta9+ ! highe/ excell5ce ( def9+ p[]4 ,_m modifications & improvem5ts h be5 made 9 work+ & te/+ mirrors1 & special ma*9]y & appliances con/ruct$ = l>ge sizes4 ,b to complete my conditions suitable = truly figur+ & te/+ specula ( consid]able size1 ,i f\nd x necess>y to remove f ! traffic & tremor ( a t[n to a /ill & tranquil situation 9 ! c\ntry4 ,! tru? ( ! curve is s s5sibly & s]i\sly affect$ by vibration con/antly go+ on 9 & ne> a t[n1 t x is liable to a v>iety ( defects1 & ! surface becomes wavy & 8pluck$40 ,z an in/ance1 ,i may m5tion t my fir/ & mo/ conv9c+ pro( ( ! advantage ( ! /ill] situation 0 te/$ by an #ah-;in* speculum 7on :i* mu* lab\r _h be5 be/[$72 x 0 laid aside1 b successfully f9i%$ aft] removal1 & )\t undulations or any p]ceptible defect1 & ! ,obs]v] wrote me1 t 9 good air1 he 8saw ,sirius z a brilliant :ite dot1 )\t a ray or app5dage ( any k9d1 & cele/ial photographs obta9$ ) x are v f9e40 ,su* results 7 exce$+ly gratify+1 z !y 7 obta9$ ) mu* less lab\r & unc]ta9ly1 & ! t$i\s process ( ! f9al t\*es _h n to be repeat$ s _m times4 ,x is said t ! celebrat$ ,alvan ,cl>ke1 f ! same effects ( tremor1 nev] f9i%$ an object-glass to 8 satisfaction above-gr\nd2 & ,dr4 ,drap]1 te/+ 8 mirrors at ! c5tre ( curvature1 to avoid draughts1 c4 9 an ord9>y ap>tm5t1 resorts to an und]gr\nd "o4 ,9 ?is little book ( 8,h9ts0 x may be useful to rem9d ^? :o possess a speculum ( f9e quality t !y are n produc$ by a 8rule ( ?umb0--s to speak--& t ! diff]5ce betwe5 a speculum & a really f9e "o1 giv+ a maximum ( def9+ & illum9at+ p[]1 is ! result ( consid]able lab\r & ?\ght1 & des]ves c>eful usage4 ,! ,rev4 ,coop] ,key1 an amateur ( mu* exp]i5ce1 writes 9 ! 8,engli% ,me*anic10 t he 0 eight mon?s 7work+ sometimes eight h\rs a day71 giv+ 8 #ah in* speculum its f9al t\*es & corrections4 ,a well kn[n correspond5t ( ! 8,engli% ,me*anic10 8,hyp]ion10 tells u he f\nd x impossible to te/ 8 #h-a_/b in* mirror 9 an ord9>y room1 & _h to resort to a tunnel "u ! clay ( 8 g>d54 ,^? :o h ! means & p]sev]ance to make _! own mirror1 %\ld be c>eful n to proce$ ) ! f9i%+ t\*es until an h\r at night :5 _! work%op1 if 9 a t[n1 is free f tremor4 ,fir/ secure a well-gr\nd & c>efully-c5tr$ disc1 let ! poli% be z p]fect z possible be=e any attempt is made to figure4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 t e squ>e or portion ( ! poli%] is ( ! same consi/5cy & temp]ature1 t ! disc may n be act$ on irregul>ly4 ,to give ! pit* ?is quality x mu/ be well boil$ & 8pull$10 s t no air bubbles are 9 ! squ>es1 z ^! cause expansion or contraction z ! temp]ature ( ! ap>tm5t v>ies1 or t ( ! pit* & glass f friction4 ,x is mu* ! be/ plan to keep ! work%op to ! same uni=m temp]ature z ! poli%] 0 made =1 all[+ no draughts to pass ov] ! mirror :ile work+1 nor ! gas or lamp to be ne>4 ,:5 ! poli%] is w>m$--:i* x %\ld be aft] lay+ aside = any "t--x %\ld be w>m$ equally4 ,neglect ( ! above 9 mak+ ! poli%]1 or any incauti\s h&l+ ( ei!r ! disc or poli%]1 w be sure to cause defects1 :i* _c be cur$ b by retrac+ ! e>ly /eps 9 ! f9e gr9d+ ) an accurately c5t]$ tool4 ,! poli%+ successfully accompli%$1 ! process ( correct+ = p>allel rays is next proce$$ )4 ,at e /ep all possible c>e mu/ be tak5 to prev5t ! mirror f runn+ into an irregul> curve4 ,! importance ( ?is _c be too /rongly urg$1 if a speculum capable ( do+ ! be/ "w is desir$1 z ! curve mu/ be true1 regul>1 or uni=m1 to give ! highe/ def9+ & illum9at+ p[]4 ,an "u-correct$ mirror1 if ( a regul> curve1 w p]=m mu* bett] ?an a comp\nd correction1 exhibit+ at ! focal po9t mu* less lat]al ab]ration4 ,a brief explanation ( ?is may be ( use z f> z ! limits ( ^! pages w admit4 ,x w\ld be impossible to tea*1 by a m]e description ( me?ods1 h[ to comm5ce & f9i% (f a speculum ( good quality1 ev5 if e work+ secret & m9ute detail 7 unres]v$ly expla9$4 ,! only way is to ma/] suffici5t !ory1 & ! re/ w come by prolong$ c>e & p]sev]ance4 ,i /ate ?is because amateurs :o h be5 desir\s ( enjoy+ ! gratification ( obs]v+ ) a mirror ( _! own mak+ h writt5 = in=mation :i* !y h be5 q will+ ev5 to pay = lib]ally1 b h felt disappo9t$1 & p]haps ?\ght x some:at disc\rte\s1 on be+ told t :at !y want$ 0 impracticable & c\ld n be satisfactorily attempt$ by ! ,optician 9 writ+4 ,9 "s cases ,i h f9i%$ amateurs' "w on agreeable t]ms1 & :i* has l$ to a pleasant correspond5ce or acqua9tance4 ,^! rem>ks may prev5t "s future disappo9tm5t4 ,e "o is famili> ) ! fact t ! p>abola is ! only concave surface t c reflect rays ( light fall+ on its surface f an object at an inf9ite di/ance--su* z ! />s & planets practically are--to "o common focus1 or )\t ab]ration4 ,?is s]ies or column ( rays 7:i* is equal 9 diamet] to ! op5+ ( ! speculum71 rea* ! mirror )\t mak+ an angle to x or to ea* o!r1 !y travel side by side1 !y are all ( "o l5g?1 & are reflect$ to a po9t1 & are !re=e all ( ! same l5g? at ! prop] focal di/ance1 viz41 half ! radius ( ! curvature ( ! concave4 ,! prop]ties ( ! p>obola make ! ne>e/ possible approa* to x ( ! utmo/ importance4 ,x has be5 said t a consid]ably "u-correct$ surface1 if ( a true & uni=m curve1 is bett] ?an "o ) less ab]ration1 ) zones or sections ( v>i\s curves4 ,to expla9 ?is1 let u suppose an artificial /> at "s %ort di/ance1 say #ej y>ds1 ! p>abola w\ld n =m an image ( ?is at ! eye-piece )\t ab]ration2 x has = ?is di/ance too %ort a focus = ! c5tral rays1 & ! be/ disc is incl9$ to ! inn] focus1 because ! rays f ! object div]ge t[>ds x1 in/ead ( travell+ p>allel2 & !y rea* ! surface 7! c5tral rays comp>$ ) ! m>g9al71 at an angle equal to ! semi-diamet] ( ! mirror4 ,b1 if in/ead ( a p>abolic mirror an elliptical "o be us$1 :i* has "o ( its foci at #ej y>ds' di/ance1 ! image w be p]fect4 ,n[ place ! artificial /> at #ejj y>ds1 ! image w n[ be att5d$ ) p]ceptible ab]ration4 ,! long] focus ( ! ellipse mu/ be work$ fur!r & fur!r f ! mirror by %ort5+ ! focus ( ! c5tral rays4 ,correct x = ?is di/ance1 & aga9 remove ! artificial /> to a /ill great] di/ance1 repeat+ ! corrections z be=e & c>ry+ ! out] focus t[>ds ! object1 & ! inn] t[>ds ! mirror1 until ! rays f ! object become m & m p>allel1 & ! curve is ne>] & ne>] to ! p>abola1 or t ecc5tricity ( ellipse :i* acts bett] & bett] = di/ant objects or p>allel rays4 ,x is evid5t f ?is t if ! ellipse is correct$ v consid]ably t[>ds ! p>abola1 )\t irregul>ities1 & e "p ( ! surface correct$ regul>ly f ! c5tre to ! edge 7no "p ha/5+ m ?an ano!r71 t su* a surface1 ?\gh "u-correct$1 is mu* bett] ?an if "o portion is fully & ano!r "u-correct$1 especially if ! m imp]fect portion is t[>ds ! edge4 ,su* a comp\nd correction may %[ little or no out/&+ ab]ration at ! focal po9t1 b ! rays d n f9d a focus at ! same regul> pace z !y w\ld f a regul> curve--"o edge ( a zone w be com+ into focus :5 ano!r w\ld be go+ out4 ,) ! focuss+ screw !y are focuss$ to ! place :]e !y appe> to collapse1 & are mo/ satisfactory1 ?\gh1 9 reality1 ! rays at ! be/ place b5d ov] ea* o!r1 & ! def9ition is imp]fect4 ,f a />1 :i* is only a po9t1 ?is may be m tol]at$1 b on ! planets1 :]e ! image has a s5sible diamet]1 & is p]haps magnifi$ _m times1 ?is imp]fect curve is v inf]ior to ! regul> "o1 ^: error is all ( "o k9d4 ,! light is all !re some:]e1 b n ) any good effect4 ,!re is no prop] illum9ation or def9ition1 z rays are employ$ :i* are cross+ ! optical axis at v>y+ angles1 & ! result is confusion4 ,s ! amateur :o sets himself ! pleasant task ( mak+ 8 own speculum 7= !re are _m :o c bett] af=d ! lab\r ?an ! capital to pur*ase1 & ^: capabilities are ?us sup]ior to _! means71 ne$ n be disc\rag$ & give up ! pursuit because he _c obta9 ! be/ results by gett+ a p]fectly p>abolic glass4 ,b if he has be5 successful 9 remov+ a consid]able am\nt ( ! sph]ical error1 & advanc$ to ! elongat$ ellipse by ma9ta9+ a tru?ful curve1 8let well alone0 ) ?is disc1 & proce$ no fur!r1 b comm5ce ano!r1 tak+ c>e n to alt] ! fir/ until ! second is bett]1 & !n an improvem5t ( ! fir/ may be attempt$4 ,9 ! second attempt1 %\ld ! amateur lose control ov] ! regul>ity ( ! surface1 let him try x z an exp]im5t aga9/ ! fir/ on ! planets1 & he w n fail to appreciate ! diff]5ce1 & w be /imulat$ by fre% c\rage to get z ne> to ! p>abola z possible ) ! same accurate curve4 ,to produce a true & uni=m curve is1 h[ev]1 ! acme ( tr\bles1 :e!r x is desir$ to obta9 ! sph]ical1 or p>abola1 or any o!r curve4 ,x is g5]ally suppos$ t ! sph]ical curve is a v easy matt]1 s easy inde$ t x is difficult to avoid4 ,?is is a v great mi/ake--a sph]ical curve ( undeviat+ tru? is z difficult a problem z a true p>abola4 ,! sph]ical curve is ! only uni=m curve1 x has b "o focus1 & ! poli%] mu/ co9cide )1 & be ( ! same radius z ! glass1 at e in/ant4 ,?is is :y ! optician /rives to obta9 a semi-poli% ) ! gr9d] to less5 ! risk ( los+ 8 curve on ! poli%]1 = ! curves ( an object glass are sph]ical4 ,! curve mo/ liable to be obta9$ by ! amateur is ! sph]oidal1 a curve ) its m>g9al rays %ort] ?an ! c5tral1 or half ! radius ( curvature4 ,!re are no means ) ! telescope ( tell+ ! sph]oidal1 approximat+ to ! sph]e1 f ! sph]e4 ,!re are no means ( analyz+ ! exact "* ( a curve equal to c]ta9 me?ods at ! c5tre ( ! curvature1 b to accompli% ?is requires mu* practice & obs]vation1 ) 8surr\nd+s0 p]fectly free f vibration4 ,if ! amateur c ov]come ?is1 & lives 9 or v ne> a t[n1 he %\ld only "w at ! poli%+ & figur+ dur+ ! late h\rs ( ! night1 :5 traffic1 c4 h subsid$4 ,!n1 by c>efully prev5t+ any draughts 9 ! ap>tm5t1 & ) ! mirror ( ! same temp]ature z ! air 9 ! room1 he w !n be able to see h[ v>i$ & num]\s are ! *ances ( error 9 work+ a mirror1 & ! great c>e necess>y to avoid or cure !m4 ,he w f9d ! surface exce$+ly prone to receive zones & irregul>ities dur+ "w1 & mu* m s ?an to 8"w true40 ,! necessity = avoid+ incauti\s h&l+ or heat+ may be realiz$ by ! foll[+ little exp]im5t :5 "o c manage & und]/& x3--,place ! tip ( "o f+] on ! surface1 z x hangs 9 ! d>k room ready = te/+1 & ) v g5tle pressure let x rema9 long en\gh to spell "o's "n2 x w !n be se5 t ! feeble heat ( ! f+] has1 by expansion1 rais$ a m\nd on ! surface ( ! glass1 & ?\gh ?is am\nt ( swell+ mu/ be v small1 yet x is en\gh to ca/ a %ad[ across ! surface1 z if some?+ 7 laid on x1 & q t5 m9utes w elapse be=e ! heat w leave ?is spot & ! surface aga9 become level4 ,n[ if ! poli%] 7 plac$ on ! glass :ile ?is hillock 0 !re1 a p]man5t holl[ w\ld be ! result4 ,= a full acc\nt ( ^! me?ods 7( :i* ,f\cault 0 ! discov]]7 ! read] is ref]r$ to ,sir ,john ,h]s*el's & ,dr4 ,drap]'s works on ! telescope4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 n to leave too mu* ab]ration1 z !n ! c5tral disc is =m$ too positively outside ! focus1 & ! re/ ( ! light f ! object appe>s z obtrusive r+s & false light4 ,! ov]-correction is bad1 & act+ z a negative l5s ! disc is =m$ too ne> ! mirror4 ,su* a correction1 besides be+ objectionable on almo/ all classes ( objects1 prev5ts ! use ( ! 8,b>l[0 l5s1 & acts badly ) all k9ds ( positive or ,ramsd5 eye-pieces1 :i* improve "u-correct$1 b 8make bad worse0 ) ov]-correct$ surfaces4 ,if ^! few & brief h9ts %\ld /imulate ! indu/ri\s & p]sev]+ /ud5t to make 8 own telescope1 & ?us enjoy ! fruits ( 8 own lab\rs 7:i* may add a reli% & a pleasure to 8 a/ronomical "w71 !y w h s]v$ ! purpose = :i* !y are writt54 ,aft] a 8,h9t0 on ! *oice ( focus = ! mirror1 x only rema9s to say a few words ab\t ! plane1 z ?is1 ) ! l>ge speculum1 are ! only p>ts t ne$ be home-made z f> z ! optical "w is conc]n$4 ,nev] adopt a 8dumpy0 = g5]al use :]e high p[]s are sometimes want$1 = small & mod]ate sizes1 say #h to #ab diamet]s1 & = l>ge sizes n less ?an ab\t #f diamet]s ( ! mirror1 z ! l>g] ones practically admit ( a %ort] focus4 ,! %ort ones c be m\nt$ some:at *eap]1 b nev] *oose !m on ?is acc\nt1 !y w n make s satisfactory an in/rum5t1 & no adaptation ( 8,b>l['s0 w make x s4 ,to make ! plane1 provide ?ree well-turn$ metal discs ( #g in*es or #i in*es diamet]4 ,iron is ! be/1 z ! "w w g d[n clos]1 & ! plates or discs may be v ?ick--say an in*--& n s liable to 8spr+40 ,^! turn$ discs mu/ be scrap$ & gr\nd p]fectly flat on ea* o!r1 until !y are 9 good contact all ov]1 s t !re is no?+ betwe5 ! faces :5 te/+ !m4 ,9 ! e>li] /age ( 8tru+10 oil & col\r c be us$4 ,:5 ^! discs are prov$ true1 a disc ( plate glass1 same size1 is cem5t$ ) pit* on "o ( !m1 or on a ?ick disc ( glass1 & c>e mu/ be tak5 t x is n /ra9$ :ile on ! block dur+ work+4 ,truly gr9d ?is plate on "o ( ! tools to a f9e semi-poli%4 ,poli% on ! same tool ) a piece ( ?ick silk or alpaca1 laid ov] & cem5t$ d[n by a solution ( res9 dissolv$ 9 turp5t9e 7z mu* res9 z ! turp5t9e w dissolve71 !n1 ) ! tip ( ! f+]1 ?9ly sme> ov] ! tool & b9d r\nd ! edge ) cord1 & ! silk w keep 9 place4 ,fill up ! texture ( ! silk or alpaca ev5ly ) damp r\ge1 keep x uni=mly damp1 & nev] let ! r\ge & wat] "w ab\t4 ,x may be poli%$ on v h>d /ra9$ pit*1 b pit* = ! amateur is n s safe1 z x is liable 9 8 h&s to alt] its =m & de/roy ! tru? ( ! plane1 b x is ! quicke/ & h&ie/ if x c be manag$4 ,aft] ! poli% is p]fect remove ! plate f ! support & cut into squ>es a little l>g] ?an ! size ( ! int5d$ flat4 ,te/ ^! 9 ! telescope on a />4 ,if "o plane turns out bad1 ! :ole w mo/ likely be s1 & ano!r plate mu/ be work$ ) r5ew$ en]gy & c>e1 = a bad plane w spoil ! action ( ! speculum h[ev] good1 = !re is no way ( c\nt]act+ ! curv$ surface ( ! flat or second reflector4 ,! edge ( ! plate = ab\t an in* %\ld n be us$4 ,:5 a good plane is f\nd x c be edg$ by turn+ a piece ( wood a little less 9 diamet] ?an ! m9or axis ( ! plane requir$1 turn ! end squ>e1 & m>k a l9e ar\nd x di/ant f ! end equal to ! diamet]1 & cut ?r\gh to ! opposite edge1 & x w give ! oval & w appe> r\nd at #de1 ?is w m\nt nicely 9 brass tubes ( ! prop] size1 & a cov] %\ld be made to fit easy4 8,,! ,,equatorial40 ,fig4 #a is a modification ( ! ,g]man pr9ciple1 & x %\ld be a suffici5t recomm5dation to rem>k t x is ! pr9ciple us$ by a mak] ( su* exp]i5ce z ,mr4 ,john ,br[n+1 & is1 )\t d\bt1 ! v be/ /yle ( m\nt+ = a fix$ equatorial1 especially :5 clockwork is employ$1 because clock p[] is appli$ to ! pol> axis itself direct f ! driv+ worm4 ,! driv+ "p1 viz41 ! worm & :eel1 :i* is out ( ! obs]v]'s way 7be+ betwe5 ! /&>ds71 is n liable to meet ) accid5t1 & ! driv+ :eel be+ ne> ! l[] end ( ! axis1 is at ! mo/ rigid "p1 viz41 ! f\ndation ( ! in/rum5t4 ,z x has a long & v firm pol> axis1 & is connect$ ) ! f\ndation plate1 x secures ! utmo/ /ead9ess & fre$om f /ra94 ,an equatorial m\nt+1 ) two long & /iff %afts = ! axes1 has always ! advantage ( firmness2 ! hold+ portions ( ! in/rum5t be+ 9 masses1 are n liable to receive injury f bl[s1 & ?us be put radically out ( ord]4 ,no means %\ld be resort$ to to make an equatorial ( light weight2 an in/rum5t _c be light & slim & at ! same "t firm & /eady--no am\nt ( /eady+ rods1 spl9es or /r+s1 w make a sl5d] tripod = a refractor s /eady z a firmly made "o1 ) prop] size & weight 9 ! p>ts4 ,ano!r important advantage ( ?is k9d ( m\nt = a l>ge size is1 t al?\gh x has consid]able weight1 x is v conv5i5t to move & set up1 be+ built ( conv5i5t p>ts1 :i* are easy ( sep>ation & removal4 ,! uprights or /&>ds are sep>ate1 & are bolt$ to ! b$-plate1 ! upp] & l[] discs are readily deta*$ f ! /&4 ,! cradle & tube are 9 ?is con/ruction sep>able4 ,! tube ( ! telescope be+ susp5d$ ov] ! side ( ! /&1 is 9 ! mo/ conv5i5t position = obs]v+ objects at any altitude1 z ! /& is out ( ! way & cle> ( ! telescope4 ,! v>i\s disadvantages & objections to ! driv+ clock be+ c>ri$ by ! telescope are "h avoid$4 ,! clock1 :i* is l>ge & v p[]ful1 is bolt$ d[n to ! iron b$-plate1 & ! telescope1 n hav+ to c>ry ! clock or weight1 ! balance is nev] alt]$ nor ! rate ( ! clock di/urb$1 & ?us a /rong clock1 keep+ regul> "t1 & work+ mu* long] c be us$4 ,!y w drive #b-a_/b h\rs4 ,x w be readily und]/ood t a driv+ clock to enable ! in/rum5t to d ! mo/ exact & be/ "w mu/ be p[]ful & a good "t-keep]4 ,"l ,l9dsay has said t 8! clock %\ld h twice z mu* p[] z is us$10 o!rwise ! sp9dles1 c4 are p5t up1 & x is moreov] s5sible to any extra weight or "w be+ put ^u ! in/rum5t4 ,to give an idea ( ! effici5cy & regul>ity ( ?is clock1 ,i may m5tion t a ,newtonian telescope ( #ah in*es ap]ture1 int5d$ to c>ry a photographic cam]a ( #aab lbs4 weight1 ne$$ no additional provisions to d ! extra "w1 ! rate & p[] n be+ affect$4 ,!re is a me*anism 9 ! clock 8= mak+ up ( "t0 & 9 sett+ ! h\r circle c be us$ ) a jo9t h&le or hooks z a f9e screw-motion1 & c be appli$ :e!r ! clock is go+ or n4 ,!re is also a provision at ! f\ndation = ?r[+ ! in/rum5t out ( ! m]idian1 to foll[ ! motion ( ! moon or planets ) ! clock & 8mak] up40 ,! above m\nt+ is equally suitable = 8,cassegra9s0 & 8,newtonians10 to bo? ( :i* =ms x has be5 successfully appli$ up to #ah in*es ( ap]ture4 ,x is well suit$ = l>ge telescopes4 ,fig4 #b is a m\nt+ on ! same pr9ciple1 b ) a %ort] pol> axis1 & ! column is 9 "o ca/+4 ,x is well suit$ = mod]ate sizes1 & ! circles1 c4 are appli$ exactly z 9 ,fig4 #a1 b :5 a clock is want$ !re is no m\nt+ equal to ! =m]4 ,! 8,educational0 is a pla9 #f-a_/b in*1 ( #d to #f feet focus1 & is made to ?is patt]n1 ) revolv+ body & screw-motion = foll[+4 ,x is made z portable z x c be1 & is a /eady1 good-work+ in/rum5t1 & mu* approv$ (4 ,,! ,,univ]sal ,,alt-,,azimu?4 7,,fig4 #c47 ,9 ?is m\nt+ ,i h se5 little or no alt]ation ne$ful1 except t ! tube is n[ made to balance s t ! eye-tube c be rea*$ = objects 9 ! z5i? )\t ! obs]v] hav+ to elevate himself1 & ! elevat+ rod c be clamp$ )\t ! lev]1 ! legs ( ! /& are m curv$ & h m spread 9 !m4 ,?is 8,alt-,azimu?0 /& has met ) mu* approval2 & :]e portability is ( consid]ation & ! obs]v] has to set up & remove ! entire in/rum5t aft] e night's "w1 ?is1 or ! ,angle-,block /&1 w be f\nd ! mo/ conv5i5t1 m s ?an an equatorial 9 any =m4 ,!re is mu* less weight to remove1 & be+ 9 ?ree conv5i5t p>ts is m readily put toge!r & sep>at$ 9 ! d>k4 ,if ! /& & trunnions c be left 9 ! op5 air a v small cov]+ w s]ve to protect !m1 & !n ! tube alone has to be remov$4 ,! equatorial _c be too highly recomm5d$ :]e x c be a fixture & undi/urb$1 z :5 once got into prop] adju/m5ts its advantages c !n be realis$1 b n unless x is a p]man5t fixture4 ,! circles ( a portable equatorial c only be us$ = v r\gh read+1 & consequ5tly ! adju/m5ts are nev] 9 ord]1 & ! read+s are ( v limit$ use inde$4 ,,! ,,improv$ 8,,angle-,,block0 ,,/&4 7,,fig4 #d47 ,) respect to ! tube1 x is m\nt$ l ! ,alt-,azimu?1 b ) ! plane ( ! horizontal movem5t correspond+ to ! latitude ( ! place ( obs]vation1 & !re=e foll[+ objects ) "o screw movem5t is 9 reality a telescope ) equatorial motions4 ,x ne$ n be ( heavi] con/ruction ?an ! ,alt-,azimu?1 & !re is n ! d\ble weight ( c\nt]pois+1 c4 z 9 ! equatorial1 & :5 circles are n desir$ ?is w be ! mo/ economical1 h&ie/1 & easily manag$ in/rum5t1 z x p>takes ( ! equatorial =m or motions4 ,! telescope tube is well balanc$1 & ! decl9ation movem5t is easy & free1 & fitt$ ) a clamp screw1 s t :5 ! in/rum5t is turn$ on an object t object c !n be foll[$ by an endless screw4 ,x c be made to suit any latitude1 & by ! addition ( foot screws on a level floor1 c be got into suitable adju/m5ts1 & if x has to be remov$ 7= ! /& is v little heavi] ?an an ord9>y ,alt-,azimu?71 8guides0 c be provid$1 s t x c g v approximately into ! exact place aga9 :5 br\ght out = use4 ,!y are made1 :5 desir$1 ) a revolv+ body & f9e screw-motion 9 decl9ation4 ,,! 8,,popul> ,,reflector40 ,,) ,,angle-,,block ,,/&4--7,,fig4 #d47 ,! speculum is #e-a_/d in* diamet]1 & c>efully figur$1 & is recomm5d$ z a v useful in/rum5t4 ,! size & p[] ( ?is telescope has be5 adopt$ z t mo/ likely to meet ! means & requirem5ts ( a l>ge numb] ( amateurs4 ,_m pref] to comm5ce a/ronomical obs]vations ) 8some?+ inexp5sive10 & are l$ to beg9 ) ! popul> & well adv]tis$ #c in* refractor at #e4 ,^!1 except 9 a few *ance cases1 are sure to prove disappo9t+1 & are p]haps ! cause ( _! giv+ up any fur!r attempts to foll[ up ! subject ( a/ronomy1 :i* may o!rwise be s pleasantly & pr(itably pursu$ ) a reliable in/rum5t4 ,x is well kn[n t a less ap]ture ?an #d-a_/b in*es is insuffici5t to give ! obs]v] a satisfactory idea ( ! v>i$ & mo/ int]e/+ details ( ! planets1 & ! ev]-*ang+ outl9e & tone ( ! belts & m>k+s ( ,jupit]1 ,saturn1 & ,m>s4 ,l>ge ap]tures br+ out details :5 ! small] ones c only %[ a g5]al outl9e4 ,! =m] also del9eates m ) a l[] p[]1 provid+ ! focus is ( prop] l5g?4 ,! planets & nebul _c be se5 to advantage )\t ap]ture & focal l5g?4 ,! field ( view is !n flat1 ! object is prop]ly illum9at$1 ) %>p & crisp def9ition1 & is also mu* less subject to annoyance f trem\r1 ?r\gh ! necessity = con/ant adju/m5ts 9 ! fields1 c41 z is ! case ) small ap]tures1 = ! object is magnifi$ m 9 proportion4 ,a c]ta9 magnify+ p[] is necess>y 9 ord] t ! object may be suffici5tly l>ge to scrut9ize2 & ?is1 :e!r ! ap]ture is l>ge or small1 mu/ be f ab\t #aej to ab\t #cjj times = ! planets4 ,b #aej on a #c in* is a high p[] = ! quantity ( light obta9$1 to say no?+ ( ! sep>ate consid]ation & advantage ( long focus4 ,ap]ture is a quality or function ( ! telescope consid]$ sep>ately f light or focus4 ,= in/ance1 suppose a #e in* speculum is s ?9ly silv]$ t x gives ! exact degree ( light z a #b-a_/b in* refractor1 ! def9+ & sep>at+ p[] ( ! #e in* ap]ture w\ld be v sup]ior to ! #b-a_/b in*4 ,! 8,popul> ,reflector10 ) #e-a_/d in* speculum ( #e1 #e-a_/b1 to #f feet focus1 w be f\nd v suitable1 & if its illum9at+ p[] is n great] ?an a #d-a_/b in* refractor1 its def9+ & divid+ p[]s are sup]ior4 ,by *oos+ ! above focal l5g?s1 accord+ to circum/ances1 ! obs]v] c rea* ! eye-tube1 :ile /&+ erect = objects 9 ! z5i?1 & x is a great mi/ake to suppose t ! %ort] ! tube ! m h&y x becomes4 ,^! foci w n require a 8,b>l[0 l5s to flatt5 ! field4 ,! 8,b>l[0 is v useful = %ort foci :5 ! ap]ture is consid]able1 z x improves ! imp]fect correction = sph]ical error1 b ?is is mu* bett] correct$ 9 ! mirror itself ?an by a 8,b>l[0 l5s1 :i* _c be us$ )\t m ?an "o disadvantage4 ,!re mu/1 by its ins]tion1 be "s loss ( light1 :i* c ill be sp>$ ) small in/rum5ts1 & :5 us$ to obta9 magnify+ p[] !re is "s di/urbance ( col\r1 & ?is subtracts f ! beauty & purity ( ! def9ition ( a reflector4 ,!re is no?+ equal to a good eye-piece to obta9 p[]1 & flatness ( field by ! curve ( ! speculum4 ,) ! 8,popul> ,reflector0 & an outlay ( a few %ill+s on "s popul> books1 su* z ! excell5t "w 8,cele/ial ,objects10 by ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,w4 ,webb1 & "s fir/-class publications by ,mr4 ,r4 ,a4 ,proctor1 especially 8 small] /> atlas1 c41 ! amateur c comp>e ! "w he is !n capable ( do+ ) a l>ge & exp5sive refractor :i* might be beyond 8 rea*4 ,,! ,,adju/m5ts ,,( ,,! ,,equatorial4 ,:5 ! inexp]i5c$ amateur pur*ases an equatorial ) circles1 he %\ld n be )\t ! ?ird edition ( 8,*amb]'s ,h&book ( ,descriptive ,a/ronomy10 :i*1 besides be+ an excell5t book 9 o!r respects1 is a really practical guide to ! use & application ( ! ,equatorial1 & is indisp5sable to ! beg9n]4 ,he w !re f9d ! fulle/ details ( ! adju/m5ts to any degree ( exactness4 ,besides _m o!r matt]s he w be in/ruct$ 9 ! use & application ( app>atus to ! p]fect ,equatorial1 includ+ all k9ds ( eye-pieces1 micromet]s1 c41 c41 z well z o!r optical in/rum5ts & accessories4 ,! ,equatorials describ$ 9 ?is catalogue are provid$ ) e means ( adju/m5t4 ,! cradle conta9s p[]ful screws to set ! l9e ( sight at "r angles to ! decl9ation axis1 & %ift+ screws to place ! pol> axis 9 ! m]idian & to ! correct elevation1 & ) c>e & a few exp]im5ts ) ! adju/m5ts1 & by obs]vations ( "s catalogue />s1 ! v>i\s adju/m5ts w soon be correctly made1 & ! v]ni]s set accord+ly4 ,,! ,,cassegra94 ,?is is a =m ( reflect+ telescope b little kn[n4 ,?is is r /range1 s9ce x is a v mu* bett] pr9ciple ?an ! 8,gregorian10 s well kn[n to ! old obs]v]s4 ,h]s*el says x admits ( a !oretically p]fect telescope4 ,comp>$ ) ! 8,newtonian0 x has its advantages & disadvantages4 ,its pr9cipal advantages are1 fir/1 ! %ort5+ ( ! tube1 :i* 9 l>ge telescopes is sometimes v important4 ,secondly1 ! obs]v] has n to asc5d to ! eye-tube1 ! obs]vations be+ made at ! l[] end1 z ) a refractor4 ,! 8,cassegra90 has a flatt] field ( view1 ow+ to ! action ( ! curve ( ! second reflector caus+ ! rays to travel twice ! di/ance1 &1 add+ ! elem5t ( magnify+ p[]1 ! eye-pieces ne$ n be compos$ ( small l5ses4 ,! adju/m5ts are p]haps a little m tr\ble1 z ! l9e ( collimation mu/ be c>efully att5d$ to1 ?is requir+ only a little m c>e c soon be accompli%$1 & !n ! def9ition ( a good 8,cassegra90 is v pleas+4 ,among/ its disadvantages is ! necessity = ! obs]v] to gaze upw>ds z ) refractors1 :i*1 :5 ! object is at a consid]able altitude1 is di/ress+1 ?is is "o ( ! reasons :y ! 8,newtonian0 is s pleasant to use1 on acc\nt ( ! natural & easy position ( ! obs]v]4 ,! eye-piece be+ a fixture1 x is n q s conv5i5t to use "s ( ! accessories ( ! telescope4 ,b !re are means to ov]come ^! drawbacks1 & s make ! 8,cassegra90 ev5 m h&y ?an ! 8,newtonian40 ,i h m\nt$ an #ah in* speculum ( #ab feet focus 9 ! 8,cassegra90 =m1 s t objects at any altitude c\ld be obs]v$ ) ! greate/ possible ease4 ,a plane 0 fix$ ne> ! l>ge mirror to receive ! rays f ! convex reflector & to ?r[ !m out to ! side1 illum9at+ app>atus 7 fix$ "h1 & micromet]s1 c4 us$1 z if x 7 a 8,newtonian02 ! tube 0 ?us made %ort]1 & ! flat field ( a long focus realis$1 b !re w\ld be a little loss ( light 9 consequ5ce ( an extra reflection1 b ?is1 ) a l>ge ap]ture 7& ! fact t ! 8,cassegra90 gives a little m light ?an ! 8,newtonian07 c bett] be sp>$1 consid]+ ! conv5i5ce ga9$4 ,! obs]v] is n elevat$ = any altitudes1 & a l>ge telescope is actually occupy+ less room ?an a small "o4 ,x c be us$ ) or )\t ! diagonal4 ,i h1 by reque/1 fitt$ ! 8,cassegra90 ) means = two obs]v]s to view ! same object at ! same "t4 ,a p]=at$ plane 0 arrang$ to receive a portion ( ! conv]g+ rays & ?r[ !m to ! side ( ! tube into an eye-tube1 & ! rema9d] pass+ on to ! eye-tube at ! prop] place1 two images are ?us =m$1 & c be magnifi$ at w & view$ simultane\sly4 ,! p]=at$ plate 0 s arrang$ t x c\ld be remov$ at pleasure4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,,! ,,alt-,,azimu? ,,/&4 ,fig4 #c4 ,! ,telescope1 be+ balanc$ on trunnions1 c be mov$ f an elevation approa*+ ! z5i? to an almo/ horizontal position4 ,9 ord] t x may be secur$ any:]e betwe5 ^! extremes1 atta*$ to ! upp] "p ( ! telescope is an iron rod1 :i*1 slid+ ?r\gh ! end ( ! arm ( ! /&1 c be !re clamp$4 ,! telescope w n[ be clamp$ 9 ,altitude4 ,z ! progression ( cele/ial objects w app>5tly be v sl[1 res\rce mu/ be _h to ! smoo?ness ( motion obta9$ by a screw4 ,! upp] end ( ! ,altitude rod is !re=e tapp$ to receive a long screw ) a l>ge mill$ head1 jo9t$ to ! telescope body2 by revolv+ ?is head ! telescope is rais$ or depress$ accord+ly z ! screw is unscrew$1 or ! rev]se4 ,x is necess>y t ! screw %\ld be )drawn "s way f ! rod be=e clamp+ x1 prep>atory to foll[+ an object :i* has pass$ ! m]idian1 or is sett+2 z p]haps1 j :5 ! cle>e/ vision is obta9$1 ! obs]v] may be annoy$ by ! screw action be+ sudd5ly /opp$ by ! mill$ head com+ 9 contact ) ! top ( ! rod4 ,:5 view+ objects ne> ! z5i?1 & ! focus long1 ! h&le atta*$ to ! clamp w be f\nd useful1 z x c !reby be rea*$ )\t leav+ ! f9d]4 ,! h&le may be s plac$ t a d[nw>d pu% %\ld clamp1 & an upw>d pull release4 ,! second motion 9 ! ,alt-azimu? ,/&1 namely1 ,azimu?1 is obta9$ z foll[s3--,! /rong iron disc :i* =ms ! upp] fitt+ ( ! legs has its surface accurately turn$4 ,on ?is revolves an iron disc1 r less 9 diamet]1 to :i* ! trunnions :i* support ! telescope are atta*$4 ,! ma9 axis ( ?is disc passes ?r\gh ! c5tre ( ! l[] disc1 & !n ?r\gh a holl[ be>+ tube1 a cont9uation ( x4 ,all ^! fitt+s hav+ be5 mo/ c>efully turn$ & gr\nd toge!r1 great /ead9ess1 comb9$ ) facility ( horizontal movem5t1 is ensur$4 ,9 ord] t ?is motion c be communicat$ z ev5ly z possible1 res\rce mu/ be aga9 _h to a screw :i* is ?us appli$4 ,j )9 ! circumf]5ce ( ! l[] disc is a n>r[ groove1 turn$ to su* a dep? t ! r+ :i* is ?us sep>at$ f ! ma9 disc is /ill firmly held to x by ! uncut portion4 ,an iron clamp groov$ to ?is r+ holds ! nut ( a long screw1 ! pla9 end ( :i* is jo9t$ to ! upp] disc4 ,:5 ?is clamp is fix$ to ! r+1 any motion giv5 to ! screw w act on ! upp] disc1 & cause x to revolve1 & ?us ! :ole telescope w be sl[ly mov$ 9 ,azimu?4 ,! advantages ( ?is plan are _m1 ! mo/ important be+ ! rapidity & ease ) :i* ! telescope c be %ift$ f "o object to ano!r1 ev5 to ^? 9 contr>y directions2 all t is necess>y be+ to release ! clamp & turn ! telescope to ! object requir$4 ,! clamp be+ c>ri$ r\nd ) ! upp] disc1 c be fix$ directly ! desir$ position is obta9$1 :5 ! screw is at once 9 action4 ,%\ld x happ51 :il/ foll[+ an object1 t ! screw becomes exhau/$ f ! jo9t & clamp com+ toge!r1 ! clamp %\ld be releas$1 & ! screw turn$ suffici5tly 9 ! rev]se way to br+ x into action1 ! weight on ! upp] disc keep+ ! telescope mean:ile 9 position4 ,if ?is op]ation be rapidly p]=m$1 ! :ole l5g? ( screw c be br\ght 9 play be=e ! object has left ! field ( view ( ! f9d]1 & c ?us be easily ref\nd ) ! high] p[] ( ! telescope4 ,motion is appli$ to ! screw by means ( a ,hook's jo9t1 nam$ ?us f its inv5tor4 ,?is jo9t be+ furni%$ ) a long h&le1 enables ! obs]v]1 by means ( x1 to move ! ,telescope 9 ,azimu? at any rate1 & )\t remov+ 8 eye f ! eye-piece4 ,x w be se5 f ! prec$+ rem>ks t by means ( ! v]tical & horizontal screw motions1 ! telescope1 :5 clamp$1 c be mov$ 9 any direction ) ! greate/ facility1 p]mitt+ a cele/ial object to be obs]v$ ) high p[]s = a consid]able "t1 & ) ! greate/ pleasure & com=t to ! obs]v]4 ,illu/ration3 decorative ,illu/ration3 decorative ,,adju/m5ts4 ,^! in/rum5ts are always s5t out 9 correct adju/m5t1 & ) mod]ate c>e dur+ transit1 & aft]w>ds1 w rema9 s1 b z ! p]=mance ( ! in/rum5t greatly dep5ds on ! accuracy ( ! adju/m5ts ! foll[+ in/ructions w enable ! obs]v] n only to asc]ta9 :e!r !y are p]fect1 b also to r5d] !m s if f\nd defective4 ,^! adju/m5ts are by no means difficult1 & w be easily und]/ood by att5tion to ! foll[+ rem>ks3-- ,into ! draw tube screw ! 8adju/+ piece10 :i* is a small brass circle ) a hole 9 its c5tre ab\t #a_/bj ( an in* 9 diamet]4 7,! draw tube %\ld be 9 ab\t ! same position z :5 at focus ) an eyepiece47 ,place ! l>ge mirror 9 its cell 9 ! tube or body ( ! telescope1 tak+ c>e t ! ?ree bayonet-jo9t p9s are correctly plac$1 t is1 ) grooves po9t+ d[nw>d4 ,!y w be f\nd to drop easily into _! correspond+ holes2 c>e mu/ h[ev] be tak5 t ! grooves h gone well home4 ,bo? ! speculum & small mirror1 or 8flat10 mu/ be uncov]$4 ,on look+ ?r\gh ! ap]ture ( ! adju/+ piece1 if ! mirrors are 9 correct adju/m5t _! reflections w be se5 z foll[s3--! small oval mirror be+ plac$ at an angle ( #de w appe> circul>1 & reflect$ exactly 9 ! c5tre ( ?is circle w be se5 ! bright image ( ! l>ge mirror ) a d>k r\nd spot 9 its c5tre1 z %[n by ,fig4 #a4 ,?is d>k spot is ! d\ble reflection ( ! 8flat10 & %\ld be conc5tric ) bo? ! bright reflection ( ! l>ge mirror & ! circul> outl9e ( ! 8flat40 ,all ^! %\ld also be p]fectly conc5tric ) ! circle giv5 by ! /op 9 ! draw tube4 ,%\ld ^! circles n be all c5tral ! adju/m5ts are n p]fect & mu/ be rectifi$ z foll[s4 ,to adju/ ! 8,flat0 or small diagonal ,mirror4 ,if ! bright reflection ( ! l>ge mirror is se5 z a p]fect circle1 b n exactly 9 ! c5tre ( ! 8flat10 ! latt] requires adju/m5t2 = ?is purpose loos5 ! mill$ head screw at ! middle ( ! back ( ! 8flat0 :i* 9 l>ge in/rum5ts is made suffici5tly heavy to act z a c\nt]poise to prev5t vibration4 ,?is w all[ ! 8flat0 to be rotat$ by ! h& v]tically ) respect to ! tube ( ! telescope4 ,br+ ! bright circul> reflection ( ! mirror exactly c5tral 9 ?is direction1 & fa/5 9 position by screw+ up ! mill$ head screw or c\nt]poise4 ,if ! circul> reflection is q c5tral no fur!r adju/m5t is requir$1 b if n1 !n1 aft] complet+ ! v]tical adju/m5t1 z describ$1 proce$ to make ! horizontal adju/m5t by turn+ 9 "o or o!r direction ! mill$ head ( ! horizontal adju/m5t screw1 situat$ 9 front ( ! v]tical adju/m5t screw2 ?is w br+ ! circle ( light exactly into its prop] horizontal & c5tral position1 & ! adju/m5ts are !n complet$4 ,if ! bright reflection ( ! l>ge mirror is n se5 z a p]fect circle1 & ! small d>k spot n 9 ! c5tre1 ! speculum is out ( adju/m5t1 & consequ5tly ! adju/m5t ( ! 8flat0 is be/ p]=m$ by remov+ ! l>ge mirror or speculum ) its cell & s arrang+ ! body ( ! telescope t on look+ ?r\gh ! 8adju/+ piece0 a l>ge %eet ( :ite pap] spread on ! gr\nd a %ort di/ance f ! op5 end appe>s z a :ite circle ( light reflect$ 9 ! 8flat40 ,n[ br+ ?is :ite circle exactly into ! c5tre ( ! flat precisely 9 ! way describ$ above1 & on ?is be+ accompli%$ replace ! speculum uncov]$ ) its cell1 & proce$4 ,to adju/ ! l>ge ,mirror or ,speculum4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,fig4 #b4 ,fig4 #c4 ,fig4 #d4 ,:5 9 p]fect adju/m5t ! l>ge mirror view$ ?r\gh ! 8adju/+ piece0 %\ld appe> z be=e /at$1 z a complete bright circle1 ) ! image ( ! 8flat0 z a small] d>k circul> spot exactly 9 ! c5tre 7,fig4 #a74 ,%\ld ?is n be ! case x mu/ be rectifi$ by means ( ! ?ree adju/+ screws at ! back ( ! cell4 ,proce$ z foll[s3--,fir/ unloose 7by a few turns7 ! small clamp+ screws :i* pass ?r\gh ! l>g] holl[ adju/+ ones2 !n1 on look+ ?r\gh ! adju/+ piece ! relative position ( ! image ( ! 8flat0 %\ld be c>efully not$4 ,if ! d>k spot is ne>] ! bottom1 & consequ5tly m ( ! top "p ( ! bright circle is se5 7,fig4 #b71 ! mirror reflects too mu* ( ! upp] "p ( ! tube1 & !re=e ! top ( ! mirror leans too f> back & mu/ be pu%$ m =w>d by screw+ 9 ! top adju/+ screw 7a ,fig4 #a7 a little at a "t till ! d>k spot is c5tral4 ,%\ld ! spot be t[>ds ! top 7,fig4 #b inv]t$71 ! rev]se holds good & ! top adju/+ screw 7a7 mu/ be unscrew$ or ! two o!r adju/+ screws turn$ 94 ,%\ld ! spot be t[>ds ! left 7,fig4 #c71 screw up ! "r adju/+ screw 7c ,fig4 #a74 ,if t[>ds ! "r 7,fig4 #d71 screw up ! left adju/+ screw 7b ,fig4 #a74 ,! d>k spot is always fur!/ away f t "p ( ! tube :i* is too mu* reflect$1 & f ! adju/+ screw t mu/ be turn$ 9 to correct x4 ,:5 all ! adju/m5ts are consid]$ p]fect1 z 9 ,fig4 #a1 ! small screws are to be clamp$ up to keep ! adju/+ screws 9 position4 ,if1 aft] ! greate/ c>e has be5 tak5 9 adju/m5t1 a fl>e %\ld appe> on look+ at a /> 7say ( ! second magnitude7 ) an eye-piece ( a high p[]1 & ! diffraction r+s are n q conc5tric1 x c g5]ally be rectifi$ by turn+ ! l>ge screws ( ! mirror r\nd 9 cell a little at a "t4 ,if ?is does n remove ! fl>e ! adju/m5t ( ! 8flat04 is n suffici5tly correct & mu/ be alt]$ by means ( ! screws at its back4 ,if ! fl>e is at ! top or bottom ( ! /> ! 8flat0 mu/ be v slightly revolv$ by ! h&1 aft] unloos+ ! middle screw1 & :5 correct reclamp+ x4 ,if at ei!r side1 namely1 9 ! direction ( ! major axis ( ! 8flat0 & 9 a l9e ) ! tube1 ! 8flat0 mu/ be alt]$ by ! long screw4 ,x is always advisable to leave ! telescope = a %ort "t undi/urb$1 especially if1 on fir/ look+ at a />1 a fl>e %\ld appe>1 z ^! app5dages (t5 vani% :5 ! in/rum5t has be5 = a %ort "t 9 ! air4 ,^! adju/m5ts may at fir/ appe> some:at difficult1 b are r5d]$ rem>kably easy by obs]v+ h[ ! diff]5t screw movem5ts alt] ! positions ( ! reflections4 ,a useful te/ z to ! correctness ( ! adju/m5ts may be obta9$ by view+ a /> ) a high p[] eye-piece out ( focus4 ,:5 9 ! c5tre ( ! field x %\ld appe> z a bright lum9\s circle ) a circul> d>k spot 9 ! c5tre1 ! size ( ! bright circle dim9i%+ z ! focus is approa*$ & ! d>k spot rema9+ c5tral4 ,! cell m\nt ( ! l>ge mirror c be remov$ f ! tube & replac$ )\t di/urb+ its adju/m5ts1 b x is v advantage\s if ! entire in/rum5t c always be left undi/urb$ :5 n 9 use 9 an obs]vatory ( light con/ruction1 hav+ a skeleton revolv+ dome1 cov]$ ) well oil$ canvas or calico1 & made ) a wide op5+ & l>ge %utt]s4 ,! ,rev4 ,e4 ,l4 ,b]?on has describ$ 9 ! 8,engli% ,me*anic10 ,octob] #ac?1 #ahga1 an obs]vatory ( ?is k9d mo/ admirably suit$ to %elt] a reflector1 z ! temp]ature inside w\ld be z ne>ly z possible t ( ! ext]nal air1 & no annoyance f damp w\ld be exp]i5c$4 ,:]e an obs]vatory is n practicable ! telescope might be protect$ by a close fitt+ cov]+ ( l make4 ,bo? ! l>ge & small mirrors %\ld be protect$ by _! cov]s 7) :i* !y are provid$71 :5 n 9 use1 especially if left 9 ! op5 air4 ,! l>g] siz$ tubes h a door l>ge en\gh to admit ! cov] & s all[ ( its be+ put on ! l>ge mirror )\t ! necessity ( ! speculum be+ remov$ f ! body ( ! telescope4 ,to ,adju/ ! 8,f9d]40 ,direct ! telescope to any bright /> 7! ,pole-/> be+ by f> ! be/1 z x has v little app>5t motion71 & br+ ?is /> into ! c5tre ( ! field ( a l[-p[] eye-piece4 ,n[ adju/ ! 8f9d]0 by means ( ! ?ree screws be>+ on x1 till ! /> is bisect$ by ! cross wires se5 9 ! focus ( ! eye-l5s ( ! 8f9d]40 ,*ange ! l[ eye-piece to a high "o1 & p]fect ! adju/m5t z be=e describ$4 ,any well-def9$ t]re/rial object at a di/ance c be employ$ 9 ! day-"t to r\ghly adju/ ! 8f9d]10 leav+ ! f9al adju/m5ts to be made by a />4 ,! use ( ,/ops4 ,a /op #a_/d in* less 9 diamet] ?an ! speculum1 is (t5 useful1 9 ord] to cut (f ! int]nal reflections ( ! tube4 ,) mirrors #f-a_/b in*es 9 diamet] & "u /ops are seldom requir$2 ) ! #f-a_/b in* a #e in* /op may h[ev] sometimes be us$ ) advantage on v bright objects4 ,) an #h-a_/b in* mirror a #g in* /op (t5 improves planet>y def9ition4 ,) l>g] sizes ?an #h-a_/b in*es sev]al /ops ( diff]5t diamet] may be us$1 :5 exp]im5t w det]m9e :at size is be/ suit$ to ! condition ( ! atmosph]e1 & ! "* & brilliancy ( ! object to be obs]v$4 ,^! /ops c be easily cut out ( ?9 c>dbo>d & aft]w>ds black$ ) ,indian-ink or lampblack4 ,on ,obs]v+ ! ,sun4 ,no l>g] ap]ture ?an #d-a_/b in*es %\ld be employ$ = sol> obs]vation1 except ) a specially con/ruct$ 8,sol> ,eye-piece10 z ev5 a #d-a_/b in* speculum (t5 conc5trates suffici5t heat to crack ! col\r$ glass ( an ord9>y sun-cap1 if expos$ = any l5g? ( "t4 ,if a 8sol> eye-piece0 is employ$1 ! :ole ap]ture may be us$4 ,9 view+ ! moon a slightly t9t$ glass is (t5 mo/ useful1 especially to p]sons ) weak sight1 z x takes (f a great deal ( ! gl>e4 ,,to ,,silv] ,,& ,,poli% ,,! ,,specula4 ,! co/ ( silv]+ is trifl+1 & ) cleanl9ess & ord9>y c>e v little difficulty w be exp]i5c$4 ,! app>atus & *emicals requir$ consi/ ( ! foll[+ articles3-- ,,app>atus4--,a ,silv]+ ,vessel3--,?is %\ld be a flat-bottom$ circul> glass or glaz$ di%1 #a in* or m l>g] 9 diamet] ?an ! speculum to be silv]$1 & suffici5tly deep to all[ ( a /ratum ( fluid ( an in* or r m betwe5 ! face ( ! mirror & ! bottom ( ! di%1 ! top ( ! mirror be+ ne>ly level ) ! edge ( ! di%4 ,a ,mix+ ,vessel3--,a #dj oz4 glass measure w answ] well1 b c>e %\ld be tak5 n to scrat* ! sides :il/ /irr+1 or ! glass is liable to fly4 ,%\ld a measure n be procurable1 any receptacle ( suffici5t size may be us$1 b a glass "o is be/1 z x w all[ ( ! action ( ammonia be+ bett] obs]v$4 ,a ,box ( ,scales & ,weights4 ,a ,glass funnel & filt]+ pap]4 ,two ,glass ,rods = ,/irr+ purposes4 ,a ,five-ounce ,glass ,measure4 ,a ,te/ tube #c_/d or #a in* 9 diamet]4 ,"s ,clean ,cotton ,wool4 ,"s v f9e ,wa%-lea!r4 ,a ,support ( ,wood1 on :i* to cem5t ! speculum1 describ$ fur!r on4 ,all ^! articles %\ld be p]fectly clean & free f du/1 & ! ,glass ones well r9s$ ) di/ill$ wat] j be=e us+4 ,,*emicals4--,nitrate ,silv]4 ,pota% pure1 precipitat$ by ,alcohol4 ,sug> ( milk p[d]$4 ,nitric ,acid1 pure4 ,liquor ,ammoni4 ,di/ill$ wat]1 pure4 ,pit*4 ,f9e ,r\ge4 ,turp5t9e4 ,procure a /rip ( wood an in* or s less 9 diamet] ?an ! mirror1 & ( suffici5t l5g? to re/ securely on ! opposite sides ( ! silv]+ vessel4 ,p\r on ?is piece ( wood "s melt$ pit*1 & :il/ x is /ill hot1 place on x ! back ( ! speculum moi/5$ ) a little turp5t9e2 :5 cold1 rev]se1 & lay ! cem5t$ speculum face d[nw>ds1 susp5d$ 9 ! di%4 ,%\ld ! di/ance betwe5 ! face ( ! mirror & ! bottom ( ! di% be less ?an an in*1 raise ! mirror by means ( ?9 w$ges1 plac$ betwe5 ! /rip ( wood & ! edges ( ! di%4 ,b if1 on ! contr>y1 ! mirror %\ld be consid]ably m ?an an in* away f ! bottom1 :i* w occur if ! silv]+ vessel is v deep1 ! speculum mu/ be cem5t$ to a block ( wood ( suffici5t height1 screw$ to ! susp5d+ /rip1 in/ead ( be+ cem5t$ directly to ! /rip itself4 ,:5 ! speculum is prop]ly plac$ 9 ! di%1 namely1 ) ! front surface ab\t "o in* f ! bottom1 p\r 9 wat] till ! fluid rea*es ab\t #a_/d in* up ! side ( ! mirror4 ,measure ?is quantity1 z x w indicate ! total am\nt ( ! silv]+ solution requir$ to be prep>$4 ,to prep>e ! ,silv]+ ,solutions--make #c /&>d solutions z foll[s-- ,no4 #a4 ,nitrate ,silv] 9 cry/als #ajj gra9s4 ,di/ill$ wat] #d oz4 ,no4 #b4 ,pota% pure by alcohol #a oz4 ,di/ill$ wat] #be oz4 ,no4 #c4 ,p[d]$ sug> ( milk #a_/b oz4 ,di/ill$ wat] #d oz4 ,solution ,no4 #c mu/ be made j be=e us+4 ,! o!rs w keep if ! di/ill$ wat] employ$ 9 _! prep>ation is pure1 & ! solutions1 :5 made1 are kept 9 glass /opp]$ bottles4 ,suppose x is desir$ to silv] an #h-a_/b in* mirror1 proce$ z foll[s3--! total am\nt ( solution requir$ hav+ be5 asc]ta9$1 z be=e describ$1 p\r #b ozs4 ( solution ,no4 #a into ! mix+ vessel previ\sly well wa%$ & r9s$ ) di/ill$ wat]1 & cauti\sly add ,liquor ,ammoni4 ,a grey precipitate w be =m$2 cont9ue to add ! ammonia1 drop by drop1 till ! precipitate is j dissolv$ & ! solution becomes cle>4 ,! solution %\ld be well /irr$ ) a glass rod :il/ add+ ! ammonia4 ,n[ add #d oz4 ( solution ,no4 #b1 & re-dissolve ! br[n precipitate :i* is produc$ ) ,liquor ,ammoni z be=e describ$4 ,!re w n[ be ab\t #f-a_/b oz4 ( solution4 ,subtract ! #f-a_/b oz4 f ! total am\nt previ\sly asc]ta9$ to be requir$1 & ! rema9d] w be ! am\nt ( di/ill$ wat] to be add$4 ,add half ?is quantity ( di/ill$ wat] to ! #f-a_/b oz4 ( solution1 & add a drop at a "t ( solution ,no4 #a1 till !re is a slight precipitate1 :i* _c be re-dissolv$ by a consid]able am\nt ( /irr+ 7say = #b or #c m9utes72 !n add ! rema9+ half ( di/ill$ wat] & cov] up f du/ ! vessel conta9+ ! solution1 s z to all[ ! slight precipitate to settle4 ,!re is a po9t ( importance to be att5d$ to1 namely1 t no m ammonia is employ$ ?an is absolutely necess>y4 ,! total am\nt ( ammonia requir$ 9 ! #f-a_/b oz4 ( solution is ab\t #b drs4 ,to ,clean ! ,mirror4 ,fill ! end ( a te/ tube ) cotton wool1 leav+ pl5ty outside ! tube4 ,hav+ p\r$ a small quantity ( /rong nitric acid on ! front ( ! mirror1 rub ! acid well all ov] ! front & sides ) ! cotton wool bru%4 ,place ! speculum "u a wat] tap = a few m9utes till ! acid is wa%$ away1 & f9ally well r9se ) di/ill$ wat]2 !n place x 9 ! silv]+ vessel 7previ\sly ?or\ghly cleans$7 & p\r 9 di/ill$ wat] till x rea*es #a_/h in* up ! side ( ! speculum4 ,to ,mix ! ,solutions4 ,! precipitate hav+ settl$1 p\r into a clean vessel all t is cle> ( ! solution1 leav+ ab\t #b oz4 beh9d1 :i* w be turbid ) ! precipitate1 & !re=e useless4 ,! total am\nt w be aft]w>ds made correct by ! addition ( ! same quantity ( solution ,no4 #c4 ,hav+ filt]$ solution ,no4 #c1 w>m x to ab\t #ajj ,f4 by all[+ ! bottle to /& 9 w>m wat]1 or by heat+ 9 a small flask4 ,:5 ev]y?+ is q ready1 add #b oz4 ( ! filt]$ solution ,no4 #c1 :il/ w>m1 to ! cle> solution describ$ above1 & ?or\ghly mix4 ,to imm]se ! ,mirror4 ,remove ! mirror f ! di/ill$ wat]1 tak+ c>e n to t\* ! surface ( ! mirror1 & wipe ! back & edge ) "s clean cotton wool4 ,if ?is precaution is n tak5 ! wat] is liable to dra9 d[n ! sides ( ! mirror :il/ silv]+1 & cause /reaks at ! edge ( ! film4 ,hav+ p\r$ away ! di/ill$ wat] 9 ! silv]+ vessel1 sub/itute ! mix$ solutions1 & directly ! solution becomes slightly inky1 g5tly imm]se ! mirror1 tak+ c>e t no air bubbles1 or specks ( any k9d1 rema9 betwe5 ! surface ( ! mirror & ! solution4 ,! mirror %\ld n be remov$ f ! ba? until all ! silv] has be5 exhau/$ f ! solution4 ,?is may be kn[n by ! solution be+ cle> bel[ ! silv] film on ! surface ( ! liquid4 ,! "t requir$ w v>y f #de m9utes on a hot summ]'s day1 to #ij m9utes :5 ! !rmomet] %[s a l[ degree ( temp]ature4 ,9 ! latt] case x is bett] to h ! silv]+ ba? 9 a w>m room4 ,imm$iately ! mirror is remov$ f ! ba?1 ! silv]$ surface %\ld be well wa%$ by all[+ ord9>y wat] to fl[ on x f a tap1 = five m9utes or m1 !n f9ally r9se ) di/ill$ wat] & place ! mirror to dry ) ! silv]$ surface re/+ on "s blott+ pap]4 ,x is z well if ! mirror c be left undi/urb$ = a day or two1 z ! film w be firm]1 b x may be poli%$1 if desir$1 aft] dry+ = a few h\rs4 ,to ,poli% ! ,silv]$ ,surface4 ,make a c\ple ( poli%+ pads by fill+ two pieces ( v s(t wa%-lea!r ab\t six in*es squ>e loosely ) cotton wool1 & tie !m into balls4 ,g5tly remove any du/ t may h settl$ on ! film ) "s loose cotton wool1 & !n g ov] x ) "o ( ! pads 9 small circul> /rokes = ab\t #ae m9utes4 ,?is w consolidate ! film & fit x = poli%+4 ,spread a little ( ! f9e/ r\ge on a %eet ( writ+ pap]1 & impregnate ! o!r pad ) x4 ,g ov] ! film ) ! r\g$ rubb] ) ! same circul> /rokes till x is p]fectly poli%$1 :i* w take ano!r #ae m9utes or s4 ,nev] comm5ce ) ! r\g$ pad1 z ! surface may be injur$4 ,:5 once ! film has be5 consolidat$ x w rema9 s1 & c be repoli%$ _m times ) ! r\g$ pad %\ld x get t>ni%$4 ,! pads %\ld be kept f du/ 9 wide-m\!d bottles = future use4 ,) c>e ! film w la/ = a long "t1 especially if x is n all[$ to get damp1 & consequ5tly ! mirrors %\ld nev] be br\ght uncov]$ f ! cold air to a w>m] temp]ature4 ,! 8flat0 may be silv]$ & poli%$ 9 ! same way z ! speculum1 us+ a small] appropriate vessel = ! silv]+ solution4 ,to ,sep>ate ! mirror f ! ,wood5 ,support4 ,%\ld ! mirror be atta*$ directly to its support1 ins]t a *isel betwe5 !m1 :5 "o or two g5tle bl[s w cause !m to sep>ate1 b1 %\ld ! mirror be cem5t$ to a block1 /& ! mirror on edge1 :5 a slight tap on ! block w deta* x4 ,scrape (f any pit* t rema9s on ! back ( ! mirror1 us+ f9ally "s turp5t9e to wipe x clean4 ,great c>e %\ld be tak5 n to f+] ! film4 ,m>t9's process = ,silv]+4 ,prep>e f\r solutions ( any quantity4 ,keep 9 /opp]$ bottles4 ,solution #a4--;,dissolve #age gra9s ( pure nitrate ( silv] 9 #aj oz4 ( di/ill$ wat]4 ,solution #b4--;,dissolve #bfb gra9s ( pure nitrate ( ammonia 9 #aj oz4 ( di/ill$ wat]4 ,solution #c4--;,dissolve #a oz4 avoirdupois ( pure cau/ic pota% 7prep>$ by alcohol7 9 #aj oz4 ( pure di/ill$ wat]4 ,solution #d4--;,dissolve #a_/b oz4 avoirdupois ( pure sug> c&y 9 #e oz4 ( di/ill$ wat]1 !n add #cb gra9s ( t>t>ic acid & boil 9 a flask or o!r clean glaz$ vessel = #aj m9utes1 :5 cool add #a oz4 ( alcohol & !n dilute ) di/ill$ wat]1 s z to make up ! volume to #aj oz4 ,= silv]+ use equal p>ts ( ea*1 mix solutions #a & #b toge!r1 & #c & #d2 :5 ! mirror is ready mix ! :ole toge!r 9 ! silv]+ vessel & quickly susp5d ! mirror4 ,9 ! summ] "t1 if ! solution _c be kept 9 a v cool place1 ! mirror mu/ be q ready to be plac$ 9 ! ba?1 z ! solutions turn in/antly :5 mix$ toge!r4 ,illu/ration3 decorative ,,select$ ,,te/imonials #aa1 ,,well+ton ,,p>k ,,t]race1 ,,belfa/1 ,july #g?1 #ahgf4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,! night be=e la/ 0 a cle> night & ,i got ! #f-a_/b in* out1 & ?\gh ! air 0 n good :5 us+ a #c-a_/d in* refractor1 ,i 0 mu* pleas$ ) ! p]=mance ( ! mirror4 ,mr4 ,w4 came up ab\t #aa o'clock & /ay$ till "o1 we got x on ,saturn1 & al?\gh r l[ x 0 really a f9e sight1 ,mr4 ,w4 0 mu* pleas$4 ,! moon be+ ne> to full we c\ld n d mu* ) fa9t po9ts ( light4 ,y\rs s9c]ely1 ,w4 ,e4 ,,p>k9son4 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 #gd1 ,,hagley ,,road1 ,,edgba/on1 ,novemb] #bg?1 #ahgf4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h n[ got ! #e-;in* speculum fairly into adju/m5t1 & ,i am well pleas$ ) x4 ,la/ night1 ! sky be+ cle> = a %ort "t1 ,i turn$ x on ! moon1 ! def9ition ( m9ute crat]s 0 all t c\ld be desir$4 ,i hope to h bett] opportunities4 ,i am1 ,y\rs truly1 ,f4 ,g4 ,l4 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 #gd1 ,,hagley ,,road1 ,,edgba/on1 ,novemb] #ba/1 #ahgf4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h m\nt$ ! #e-;in* speculum on a simple equatorial & x works well4 ,i am sure x w turn out a f9e glass & ,i %all n regret ! "t & pa9s ,i h sp5t ov] x4 ,x is n q 9 adju/m5t yet1 :5 x is x w af=d me a treat4 ,i h j tri$ x once on ! ,orion ,nebula & ,trapezium1 details ( ,nebula well se51 & ! #e? /> 9 ,trapezium easy4 ,i am1 ,y\rs truly1 ,f4 ,g4 ,l4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,d[lais1 ,decemb] #bg?1 #ahgf4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h ?or\ghly te/$ ! speculum1 & am pleas$ to tell y x /ood its trials well4 ,y\rs truly1 ,d4 ,c4 ,c4 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,/4 ,,d5ies1 ,,s\?ampton1 ,augu/ #ad?1 #ahgf4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,) ref]5ce to y\r enquiry z to ! p]=mance ( ! #f-a_/b 94 reflector4 ,i h pleasure 9 /at+ t ,i am p]fectly satisfi$4 ,x readily divides ! te/ objects & %[s delta ,cygni ) z l[ a p[] z #afj4 ,! comes to ,sirius may be consid]$ an atmosph]ic te/1 p]haps1 b ,i h repeat$ly se5 x4 ,y\r /& ,i f9d v /eady & conv5i5t2 altoge!r ,i c fairly say t ,i consid] t ,i h an in/rum5t ( consid]able p[] at a comp>atively small co/4 ,i n[ f9d ! attempt to obs]ve ) a refractor ! rev]se ( pleasant4 ,! own] ( a #c-;in* refractor1 aft] us+ my reflector1 writes t he envies me its p[]1 ease1 def9ition1 & com=t 9 obs]v+4 ,i am1 ,de> ,sir1 ,y\rs truly1 ,a4 ,h4 ,s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,hilgay ,,rectory1 ,febru>y #bj?1 #ahgg4 ,,de> ,,mr4 ,,calv]1--,! sky la/ night cle>$ up 9 places & enabl$ me to try ! #aj-;in*2 !re 0 a slight haze1 b ,i nev] saw discs s p]fect & neat4 ,i felt c]ta9 x w\ld divide any?+ divisible4 ,cl\ds came up & put an end to "w4 ,i am1 ,de> ,sir1 ,y\rs s9c]ely1 ,/4 ,v4 ,b4 99 99 99 99 99 #be1 ,,hamilton ,,t]race1 ,,/4 ,,john',s ,,wood1 ,may #bf?1 #ahgg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h mu* pleasure 9 in=m+ y t ! v fir/ "t ,i saw ,saturn ?r\gh y\r #f-a_/b-;in* reflector1 ! def9ition ( ! planet 0 f> sup]ior to any?+ ,i _h obs]v$ be=e1 ev5 ) a good #d-a_/d-;in* refractor2 & on ano!r occasion ,i 0 greatly pleas$ ) ! cle> & easy view ( ! 8,comes0 to ,botis4 ,b ev5 )\t includ+ ! />s1 ! views ( ,saturn & ,jupit] ?r\gh my #f-a_/b-;in* mirror d alone 79 my op9ion7 well repay ! co/ ( ! telescope4 ,y\rs truly1 ,,wm4 ,l4 ,,lanca/]4 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 #cg1 ,,eaton ,,rise1 ,,eal+1 ,febru>y #ac?1 #ahgg4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i l ! #ah-;in* speculum1 & ,i ?9k x z good z x c be1 & if ! l>g] "o is z good ,i %all be delight$ ) x4 ,x gives beautiful /> images3 ,i see ,sirius z a brilliant dot1 a glori\s object )\t ray or fl>es ( any k9d4 ,i nev] saw x s well be=e4 ,y\rs truly1 ,a4 ,a4 ,c4 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 #cg1 ,,eaton ,,rise1 ,,eal+1 ,febru>y #crd1 #ahgg4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h tri$ ! #ah-;in* speculum on "s te/s1 & especially ! satellites ( ,uranus1 & x appe>s f9e1 v f9e4 ,:at ,i h done 9 photography promises well4 ,y\rs truly1 ,a4 ,a4 ,c4 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,s\!nd ,,on ,,sea1 ,m>* #ag?1 #ahgg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,circum/ances h prev5t$ me f mak+ _m obs]vations ( late1 b ,i am m confirm$ 9 my op9ion t my telescope ( y\r make is a v f9e in/rum5t4 7,a #f-a_/b-;in*47 ,i he>tily wi% y success1 :i* ,i feel sure y w obta91 z y are s pa9/ak+ & turn out a ?or\ghly reliable article4 ,i %all be curi\s to comp>e my bro!r's telescope ) m9e4 ,s9c]ely y\rs1 ,j4 ,l4 ,l4 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,gorle/one1 ,m>* #cj?1 #ahge4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,y h ask$ me = my op9ion ( ! #aj-;in* speculum4 ,i h te/$ x1 & c speak 9 ! highe/ t]ms ( its p]=mance4 ,def9ition 9 good air is z ne> p]fection z x is possible to imag9e4 ,su* te/s z ,cancri1 #b ,&rom$ are well divid$4 ,! #f? /> 9 ! trapezium /&s out well cle> ( its bright] neighb\r4 ,on ! moon any p[] may be appli$1 only less5+ ! light1 b reta9+ %>pness ( outl9e4 ,i h tri$ a good _m telescopes1 b nev] yet saw ^! #aj-;in* mirrors surpass$4 ,! image ( a /> disc exp&$ on ea* side ( ! focus is ( z ne>ly ! same appe>ance z possible4 ,y\rs truly1 ,w4 ,p4 ,,mat!ws4 99 99 99 99 99 #daf1 ,,brixton ,,road1 ,april #bj?1 #ahge4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,9 compliance ) y\r reque/1 ,i s5d p>ticul>s ( my obs]vation on ,draconis4 ,x 0 ab\t #ab4de ?is morn+ :5 ,i direct$ my #h-a_/b-;in* to ?is object1 ! air 0 v un/eady1 9 fact n ne>ly s good z "s nights lately1 & ,i well divid$ x ) a p[] ( #dej4 ,i !n us$ a #f-a_/b-;in* /op1 :i* ,i f\nd v mu* increas$ ! /ead9ess ( def9ition4 ,y\rs v respectfully1 ,p4 ,h4 99 99 99 99 99 #aj? ,july1 #ahgd4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i tri$ ! #f-a_/d-;in* mirror ,i _h f y = ! fir/ "t la/ night4 ,! night 0 n a good "o = def9ition1 b ,i 0 v mu* pleas$ inde$ ) its p]=mance4 ,y\rs truly1 ,c4 ,h4 ,w4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,honiton ,,rectory1 ,dec4 #bcrd1 #ahgd4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h be5 wi%+ to tell y h[ pleas$ ,i am at ! p]=mance ( y\r mirror4 ,_m ?anks = y\r k9d (f] to *ange ! mirror if ne$ful1 b ,i ?9k x c\ld h>dly be bett] ?an x is1 its p]=mance on diff]5t d\ble />s is mo/ excell5t4 ,i h exam9$ ne>ly #ajj ( ^! s9ce ,septemb] ) ! #f-a_/b-;in*1 mo/ ( !m v difficult1 b ! mirror came out well "u all te/s4 ,i s5d y a li/ ( "s ( ! objects ,i h exam9$4 ,y\rs truly1 ,h4 ,,sadl]4 ,aquil4--,divid$1 p[] #hj4 #ad-m4 ,webb might h be5 rat$ #ae-m4 #f-m41 #g-m4 #ae4 ,a ,b ,c ,a-,b ,a-,c ,aquil4--#c-a_/b1 #af1 #ad1 #if1 #aid4 ,comites easy1 #c o!r excessively m9ute ones1 n %[n by ! #aa-;94 refractor ) :i* ,p4 ,smy? measur$ ,b4,c4 ,f\nd #f-a_/b-;94 ,sept4 #ab?1 e/4 #ag mag4 #ajj to #aaj4 ,p]sei4--,my fri5d 8,l9ea0 sees two m9ute />s ) #dbh-;94 ,wray1 n 9 ,webb1 & ,wray himself sees an excessively difficult companion4 ,i see ^! #c />s easily ) #f-a_/b-;94 7,wray says 8 companion is 8v difficult ) #g-;94 refractor1 really only a glimpse />1 ev5 ) ! be/ atmosph]e071 & h add$ two m />s to ! gr\p4 ,delph9i4--,close d\ble discov]$ by ,burnham1 e/4 #jg4 ,9 contact #f-a_/b-;941 p[] #dcj4 ,coron ,borealis4--,v l[1 long pa/ m]idian1 9 contact #afd p[]4 a b c ,b a-b a-c b-,b ,equalei4--#e-a_/b1 #ac1 #ad1 #af3 #ce1 #ej1 #c4 #af-m4 n se51 ,webb #i-a_/c-;94 ,j divid$ #afd1 easy #dcj p[]4 ,two o!r companions 7n se5 by ,smy? or ,webb87 ,&rom$4--,! #af-m4 comes1 a v difficult te/1 easy2 o!r comites 7n se5 by ,smy? or ,webb87 se54 ,companion to ,vega pretty easy1 ,nov4 #ab?1 #cgm4 aft] sunset4 a b c ,b a-b b-,b a-c ,p4 #agh xx4 ,delph9i4--#g-a_/b1 #h1 #af1 #i3 #adc1 #jg1 #bj4 ,smy? #af by evanesc5t glimpses2 easy #afd p[]1 #f-a_/b-;94 #h-m4 well elongat$ 9 direction ( #bcj1 p[] #dcj4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,reg5t ,,road1 ,,great ,,y>m\?1 ,octob] #bd?1 #ahgd4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,d\btless y h anticipat$ he>+ f me1 relative to ! #aj-;in* telescope1 b ! wea!r has be5 s indiff]5t = delicate a/ronomical "w t x has n yet _h a fair trial4 ,9 middl+ good air1 :5 ,i c\ld use a r$uc$ ap]ture ) satisfactory results1 ! /> images rem9d$ me ( ! #f-a_/b-;in*1 :i* ,i consid]$ s sup]b a mirror t no?+ c\ld surpass its f9e p]=mance ei!r on />s or planets4 ,) ! recollections ( ! truly spl5did views ,i _h ( ,jupit] la/ season1 ,i c\nt mu* to see him ) ! #aj-;94 ,y\rs truly1 ,h4 ,,bly?4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,reg5t ,,road1 ,,great ,,y>m\?4 ,febru>y #bnd1 #ahge4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,9 reply to y\rs1 ,i h n _h a really good night to te/ sev]ely ! def9+ p[]s ( ! #aj-;in* mirror1 b judg+ f ! few difficult objects ,i h se51 ! mirror promises well1 & ,i h no d\bt ( its excell5ce4 ,i _h a f9e view ( ! gr& nebula 9 ,orionis1 & notic$ t ! #e? & #f? />s 7 q pla9ly se51 :5 ! ap]ture 0 r$uc$ to #e-a_/b-;in*es4 ,i consid] y\r /& a great improvem5t1 be+ v conv5i5t & /eady4 ,y\rs truly1 ,t4 ,,ay]s4 ,illu/ration3 decorative ,,catalogue ,,( ,silv]$ ,glass ,reflect+ ,telescopes1 c41 ,,& ,,_! ,,accessories1 ,,june1 #ahgg4 ,g4 ,calv]1 :ile introduc+ ! li/ ( prices bel[1 has ! greate/ confid5ce 9 call+ ! att5tion ( ! practical a/ronom] & ! amateur to ! v mod]ate prices *>g$1 consid]+ ! pr9ciple & /yle ( ! m\nt+1 & ! firm & well-fitt$ arrangem5ts 9 all ! p>ts4 ,! pr9ciple ( ! m\nt+ is t :i* is ! mo/ conv5i5t to use1 & ) ! greate/ degree ( /ead9ess ) ! easie/ movem5ts4 ,fig4 #a is ! be/ m\nt+ ev] appli$ to ! ,reflect+ ,telescope4 ,he is also able to /ate1 t ) 8 processes & special facilities = work+ l>ge specula1 & sub/antially m\nt+ !m1 he is prep>$ to con/ruct automatic equatorials ( l>ge sizes1 & ) any special arrangem5ts t may be requir$4 ,,silv]$ ,,glass ,,equatorial ,,telescopes1 v sub/antially & well-fitt$1 z 7,fig4 #b74 ,all ^! equatorials h revolv+ body4 s4 d4 #e-a_/d in* ,speculum f #d to #f feet focus1 ) #h in* h\r circles read+ to #e seconds ( "t1 & decl9ation circle read+ to #a m9ute1 two p[]s #cj #j #j #f-a_/b in* ,speculum ( f #e to #f-a_/b feet focus1 #aj in* rotat+ h\r circle1 read+ to #e seconds ( "t1 & decl9ation circle to #a m9ute ( arc1 ) #c p[]s--#ajj to #ejj #de #j #j #h-a_/b in* ,speculum z above ) #ab in* circles1 #d p[]s #gj #j #j #i-a_/d in* ,speculum z above ) #ab in* circles1 #e p[]s #gh #j #j #aj in* ,speculum z above ) #ab in* circles1 #e p[]s #ij #j #j #ab-a_/b in* ,speculum z above ) #ab in* circles1 #e p[]s #abj #j #j ,any ( ! above sizes m\nt$ on ,/& 7,fig4 #a71 f #e p] c5t4 extra4 ,fig4 #a is a v excell5t /&1 & admirably suit$ = l>ge in/rum5ts ) clock p[]1 & is conv5i5t to remove & adapt to diff]5t latitudes1 c41 see p4 #bj4 s4 d4 #ad1 #ae1 to #af in* ,speculum m\nt$ z 7,fig4 #a71 ) rotat+ h\r circle read+ to #e seconds & decl9ation to #a m9ute 7! diamet] ( ! circles nev] less ?an t ( ! ,speculum & (t5 l>g]7 #h p[]s f #ej to #gjj1 ) fir/-rate & v p[]ful driv+ clock1 fir/-class in/rum5t1 & complete f #bbj to #ccj #j #j #ag1 #ah1 to #bj in* ,speculum1 ) #aj p[]s1 f #ej to #hjj1 includ+ ,kelln]s1 ,huygh5ians1 & ,a*romatics1 f #cej to #ejj #j #j #bb to #bd in* ,speculum f #eej to #gej #j #j #cj in* ,speculum1 ) #ab p[]s & position micromet]1 & transit eye-pieces #ajjj #j #j ,prices w be =w>d$ = special arrangem5ts 9 any ( ^! l>ge sizes4 ,! ,,cassegra9 ,,telescope is a v conv5i5t =m1 & p]fect 9 p]=mance1 & 9 ?is =m a v l>ge in/rum5t requires comp>atively a mu* small] obs]vatory1 & is m conv5i5tly work$4 ,!y c be made s t ! image is ?r[n out at ! side & view$ diagonally1 z ) ! ,newtonian1 see p4 #ce4 ,cassegra9s f #e p] c5t4 extra4 s4 d4 ,driv+ ,clocks = #f to #aj in* #ce #j #j #ab #ah #dj #j #j #bj #cj #ej #j #j ,! ,,educational ,,reflector is a pla9 & v /eady & satisfactory in/rum5t1 m\nt$ on 7,fig4 #b7 /&1 )\t circles1 has revolv+ body1 & made s z to be portable4 s4 d4 #f-a_/b in* ,speculum 7cle> ap]ture71 & ( #d to #f-a_/b feet focus1 has screw-motion 9 "r asc5sion1 #b p[]s #be #j #j #h-a_/b in* speculum z above1 ) #c p[]s #dj #j #j ,any ( ^! equatorials c be1 accord+ to wi%1 fitt$ )\t ! circles1 c41 & disp5s+ ) t :i* is n ne$$1 s z to r$uce ! price to suit circum/ances & conv5i5ce4 ,! ,,popul> ,,reflector1 ) ,angle-,block ,/&1 ) endless screw-motion to foll[ ! />s ) equatorial motion4 s4 d4 #e-a_/d in* ,speculum1 ( f #d to #f feet focus1 ) #b p[]s #ae #ae #j 7,see p4 #bj1 ,fig4 #d74 ,reflect+ ,telescope on ,alt-azimu? ,/&1 z describ$ at page #ac1 fitt$ ) ,silv]$ ,glass ,speculum1 & provid$ ) ,two ,eye-pieces4 s4 d4 #e-a_/d in* ,speculum1 #d to #f feet focus #ai #aj #j #f-a_/b #d #f-a_/b #bd #j #j #h-a_/b #f-a_/b #cc #aj #j #aj #g #de #j #j #ab-a_/b #h #gj #aj #j ,reflect+ ,telescope on ,cradle ,/&1 & provid$ ) ,two ,eye-pieces4 s4 d4 #e-a_/d in* ,speculum1 #d to #f feet focus #ba #j #j #f-a_/b #d #f-a_/b or #e feet focus #bg #j #j #h-a_/b #f-a_/b #cf #j #j #aj #g #di #j #j #ab-a_/b #h #gf #j #j ,,silv]$-,,glass ,,specula 7unm\nt$74 ,,! ,,f9e/ ,,quality ,,gu>ante$4 s4 d4 #e-a_/d in* diamet] #d to #f feet focus #e #j #j #f-a_/b #d #f-a_/b #f #e #j #h-a_/b #f-a_/b #ac #j #j #aj #g #be #j #j #ab-a_/b #h #ch #aj #j #ad #h #ee #j #j #af #aj #ge #j #j #ah #ab #ajj #j #j #bj #ab #acj #j #j #bb #ae #afe #j #j #bd #ah #bjj #j #j #bf #bej #j #j #cj #cjj #j #j #cf #djj #j #j ,,silv]$-,,glass ,,diagonal ,,mirrors 7unm\nt$74 ,,f9e/ ,,quality ,,gu>ante$4 s4 d4 #a in* 9 ! m9or axis1 or n>r[e/ diamet] ( ! ellipse #a #j #j #a-a_/b ditto ditto ditto #a #aj #j #b ditto ditto ditto #b #j #j #b-a_/b ditto ditto ditto #b #aj #j #c ditto ditto ditto #c #c #j #c-a_/b ditto ditto ditto #d #d #j #d ditto ditto ditto #e #e #j ,,silv]+ ,,& ,,poli%+ ,,specula4 s4 d4 #e in* #j #f #j #f-a_/b #j #h #j #h-a_/b #j #aj #f #aj #j #ae #j #ab-a_/b #a #a #j ,diagonal ,planes #cs4 to #j #e #j ,,a/ronomical ,,eye-,,pieces4 ,,( ,,be/ ,,quality4 ,huygh5ian ,con/ruction ( ! foll[+ magnify+ p[]s on a #f-a_/b feet focus object-glass3-- s4 d4 #ce1 #fj1 #ij1 #acj1 #ahj1 #bjj ea* #j #ae #j #cbj1 #dej #a #a #j #faj #a #g #f ,all fitt$ ) ,sun%ades4 ,improv$ ,a*romatic1 ,ramsd5's ,con/ruction4 s4 d4 #ij1 #acj ea* #a #j #j #ahi1 #bej #a #aj #j #cbj1 #dej #a #ab #f #faj1 #gej #a #ae #j #hej #b #b #j ,kelln]'s ,con/ruction4 s4 d4 #cj1 #eh1 & #hj ea* #a #e #j ,,sol> ,,eye-,,pieces4 s4 d4 ,sol> ,diagonal1 ) true plane #a #ab #f ,dawes' ,sol> ,eye-piece #h #j #j ,b>l['s ,l5s #a #a #j ,day ,erect+ ,eye-piece #a #e #j ,col\r$ ,eye-piece ,cap = obs]v+ ! ,moon #j #d #j ,transit ,eye-pieces1 = use ) ,equatorials #a #as4 to #b #b #j ,adju/+ ,piece #j #b #f ,,micromet]s4 s4 d4 ,p>allel ,wire ,micromet] #e #e #j ,position ,micromet]s #h #hs4 to #ae #ae #j ,d\ble ,image ,micromet] #h #h #j ,illum9at+ ,app>atus f #h #j #j ,good ,in/rum5ts w be tak5 9 ex*ange & lib]ally all[$ =4 ,,george ,,calv]1 ,,hill ,,h\se1 ,,wid=d1 ,,*elms=d1 ,,essex4 ,illu/ration3 decorative ,,app5dix ,,to ,h9ts on ,silv]$ ,glass ,reflect+ ,telescopes4 ,! object ( ?is pamphlet is to give "s new & additional advice n conta9$ 9 my 8,h9ts on ,silv]$ ,glass ,reflect+ ,telescopes10 on silv]+ & adju/+ !m2 &1 z ! results ( cont9u$ & rec5t exp]i5ce1 x is hop$ !y may be useful1 & may prove an acceptable app5dix to my little book ( ,h9ts4 ,! fir/ ?+ to d aft] fa/5+ ! mirror to ! wood5 support1 is to susp5d x 9 ! di% 9 :i* x is to be silv]$1 & s to adju/ x t !re %all be "o in* betwe5 ! bottom ( ! mirror & ! bottom ( ! di%2 !n p\r 9 wat] to come a qu>t] ( an in* up ! sides ( ! glass--! quantity ?us f\nd is to be measur$1 & w be ! exact am\nt ( ! ba? :5 all ! solutions are mix$2 ?is w prev5t any hit* at an important mom5t1 & ! glass c be imm]s$ )\t delay or di/urbance4 ,next proce$ to wa% ! surface ) nitric acid1 tak+ c>e t ! acid does n run d[n ! sides1 z x is n s easily remov$ f ! f9e gr\nd sides z x is f ! poli%$ surface4 ,aft] g5tly b ?or\ghly rubb+ ! surface1 add a little wat]1 & aga9 g ov]2 !n wa% all (f1 & take a l>ge piece ( cotton wool & well sponge ! surface & sides ) pl5ty ( wat]1 & susp5d 9 a di% or plate ) wat] 9 x4 ,,to ,,prep>e ,,! ,,solutions4 ,! plan ,i adopt is ?is1--,i dissolve a l>ge quantity ( ! *emicals requir$ 9 "o-f\r? or "o-eigh? ! quantity ( wat] employ$ by ,m>t91 s t 9 a ,w9*e/] qu>t /opp]$ bottle ,i c keep a l>ge supply ready4 ,i make ! silv] & ammonia solutions eight times ! orig9al /r5g?1 ! pota% & sug> solutions f\r times only1 z ^! latt] solutions require m wat] to prop]ly prep>e !m4 ,en\gh solutions to silv] a #f-a_/b 94 mirror1 eight times are to be made4 ,dissolve #adjj gra9s ( nitrate ( silv] 9 #aj ounces ( wat] 7x may be clean fre% ra9 wat] filt]$1 if di/ill$ is difficult to obta91 & x w act v well71 b d n put ! silv] into ! exact #aj ounces1 b make up to exact #aj ounces aft] ! silv] is dissolv$4 ,x is ?us cond5s$ eight times4 ,d ! same ) ! nitrate ( ammonia1 by dissolv+ #bjif gra9s4 ,next prep>e ! pota% & sug> solutions1 cond5s$ to f\r times ! initial /r5g?4 ,dissolve #h ounces ( pota%1 & make up to exactly #bj ounces ( wat]2 if ?is is dissolv$ 9 a glass measure x w evolve suffici5t heat to break x2 x is safely done 9 a clean :ite jug4 ,la/ly1 dissolve #d ounces ( :ite sug> c&y ) #daf gra9s ( t>t>ic acid1 & boil t5 m9utes 9 a clean glaz$ vessel2 :5 cold1 add #h ounces ( alcohol1 & make up to #bj ounces ) wat]4 ,d n use ! solutions till all are ( ! same temp]ature1 nor on ! same day z !y are made2 & d n silv] until ! glass1 & ev]y?+ us$ are ( ! same temp]ature4 ,to insure ?is1 get ! mirror ready & susp5d 9 wat]1 ) ! solutions all collect$ 9 ! room 9 :i* ! silv]+ is to be done1 & let !m rema9 until next day4 ,n[1 rememb]+ h[ _m ounces 7 ne$$ to leave "o in* ( solution "u ! surface & a qu>t] ( an in* up ! sides ( ! #f-a_/b 94 mirror1 us+ a vessel ab\t #b in*es l>g] 9 diamet] ?an ! mirror1 p\r into a glass measure #aj drams ( ! silv] solution1 add next #aj drams ( ! ammonia1 !n #bj drams ( pota%2 if ! pota% turns ! mixture ?ick1 p\r x backw>ds & =w>ds into ano!r vessel1 or /ir x ) a /rip ( glass1 or a glass rod1 = half a m9ute2 if ! mixture does n turn cle> 7:i* x w n d if x has turn$ v ?ick on add+ ! pota%71 add cauti\sly1 drop by drop1 "s ( ! ammonia solution1 agitat+ x till x j cle>s2 d n filt] unless !re are a great _m float+ p>ticles ?r\gh us+ unfilt]$ wat]1 ! float+ p>ticles cause m9ute black spots1 :i* are1 h[ev]1 ( little consequ5ce1 z _! action is only ! loss ( s mu* light4 ,measure #bj drams ( ! sug>--& ! mirror be+ ready to dip 7! am\nt ) ! sug> add$ mu/ be ! requir$ quantity previ\sly asc]ta9$71 add ! sug>1 /ir well1 & imm]se :5 ! mixture beg9s to turn d>k ink col\r4 ,:5 silv]$1 well wa% ! mirror ) wat] ( ! same temp]ature z itself 7x may be safely spong$ ) a lump ( cotton wool71 & /& x on its edge on blott+-pap] to dry4 ,drops ( wat] /&+ long on x :5 dry+ w cause /a9s1 :i* w n readily poli% (f1 & inde$ ^! %\ld n be poli%$1 z x is n "r to poli% "o "p m ?an ano!r2 s x is be/ to leave !m1 or if ?is is object$ to1 re-silv] ! mirror1 :5 /&+ x 9 ! sun & w9d w soon dry ! surface1 b be c>eful n to let ! du/ settle on x4 ,d n w>m any?+2 if ! wea!r is cold1 ev]y?+ may be left _m h\rs 9 a w>m room1 b ! equal temp]ature is ( ! utmo/ importance--! actual temp]ature is n ( mu* consequ5ce4 ,m failures are due to unequal temp]ature ?an any o!r cause 9 ! h&s ( ! amateur4 ,"o c>eful & clev] amateur in=m$ me t he _h fail$ six times1 b on ! sev5?1 by att5d+ to ! advice giv5 above1 ! silv]+ 0 a p]fect success1 & all seem$ !n z easy & c]ta9 z x _h be=e seem$ unc]ta9 & difficult4 ,,! ,,f9al ,,adju/m5t ,,( ,a ,,newtonian ,,reflector ,,on ,a ,,/>4 ,! adju/m5ts be+ z ne> correctness z c be se5 by ! usual me?od ( proc$ure--( :i* ! fulle/ details are giv5 9 my little book1 ! telescope is ready to try on a />4 ,if all does n appe> satisfactory on fir/ obs]v+ ! />1 d n di/urb ! adju/m5ts = a :ile1 b wait until ! air is /eadi]1 :5 p]haps x w be q satisfactory4 ,if n1 turn x on a bright />2 if ! adju/m5ts are at fault1 ! black %ad[ ( ! flat1 :5 ! /> is out ( focus1 w n be c5tral 9 ! slightly exp&$ image1 b w be on "o side ( ! exp&$ disk4 ,use a p[] ( #bjj to #cjj4 ,if ! black spot is ne> "o ( ! sides correspond+ ) major axis ( flat1 ! side screw w put x "r4 ,we w assume t ! black spot is ne>] ! edge ( flat ne>e/ ! mirror1 & t ! eyepiece is beyond ! focus prop] = ! />2 !n unscrew ! side screw4 ,if ! spot is ne>] ! o!r edge ( flat1 screw x up little by little1 tak+ ! h& out ( ! telescope ea* "t1 & see :at ! effect is4 ,! movem5t & alt]ation c be wat*$ :ile ! h& is 9 ! tube4 ,if ! spot is se5 ei!r ! top or bottom ( ! flat t is 9 ! direction ( ! diamet] ( tube1 ! middle screw mu/ be slightly loos5$ & ! flat revolv$4 ,let ! screw j bite s z to hold1 & tight5 x :5 correct4 ,! def9ition ( a /> %\ld n[ be p]fect1 & by daylight obs]ve ! adju/m5ts2 x may appe> t ! reflect$ circles are n conc5tric1 b if ! def9ition on a /> is good 9 /ill air1 consid] ! appe>ances correct adju/m5ts1 except t ! reflection ( ! black spot on mirror may be made conc5tric4 ,x sometimes happ5s t a p]si/5t & rigid c5tre+ ( ! reflections on face ( flat are n ! positions = be/ def9ition1 p]haps f a slight optical ecc5tricity some:]e 9 ! in/rum5t4 ,! adju/m5ts ( a reflector are soon famili> & easy1 & !re is ?is to be said1 ! adju/m5ts c be manipulat$ ^u to any am\nt )\t ! slighte/ injury to ! in/rum5t2 !re is no dang] ( any sort1 & ! in/rum5t c be p]fect$ 9 its adju/m5ts by daylight1 & ?is makes x bo? pleasant & conv5i5t to leisurely "w at1 = exp]i5ce sake4 ,! in/rum5t ne$ n be out ( doors ei!r1 unless an artificial /> f a black p9's head--:i* is bett] 9 /rong sunlight ?an a !rmomet] bulb--is to be us$ in/ead ( a /> at night1 if s let x be z high z possible4 ,be c>eful n to screw up ! small screws too tight1 z ! f9e ?reads are liable to be spoil$ & ! screw made useless4 ,,! ,,durability ,,( ,,silv] ,,films4 ,x sometimes happ5s t ! films d n la/ s long z !y are expect$ to d1 t is1 !y sometimes lose _! spl5did lu/re soon] ?an !y %\ld d4 ,:5 x is rememb]$ t ?\gh ! process ( silv]+ is an easy op]ation to p]=m1 yet x is a delicate *emical "o1 9 :i* good results are be/ obta9$ :5 sev]al good conditions all meet toge!r1 ?is is n to be wond]$ at1 b x is c]ta9 ! in/ructions giv5 above w r$uce ! *ances ( failure to a m9imum1 & imp]fect results w be r>e4 ,! silv] usually la/s a long "t4 ,i "k silv] films t h be5 9 use = t5 ye>s4 ,d n suppose t a long & badly worn surface w fail to %[ ! detail & col\rs ( ! planets1 ! fulle/ detail also ( ! moon or ! />s4 ,x is surpris+ h[ long a silv]$ surface w cont9ue to d its full "w :ile its appe>ance is mu* det]iorat$2 pick+ up fa9t po9ts ( light t are ne> ! v limit ( its ap]ture & p[]1 seem alone to require ! p]fect & fre% film4 ,i "k silv] films t h be5 9 use = sev5 ye>s & h n be5 ev] re-poli%$4 ,t ! ,silv]$ ,glass ,reflect+ ,telescope is giv+ satisfaction & is capable ( p]=m+ ! be/ "w ( a telescope--be+ durable1 conv5i5t1 & p]fectly effici5t--may be ga!r$ f ! selection ( a v l>ge numb] ( satisfactory & mo/ gratify+ lett]s receiv$ by ! writ]2 & x has be5 mo/ enc\rag+ to f9d 9 all cases ! obs]v] is mo/ eag] to express 8 entire satisfaction1 & especially s :]e s _m h be5 prejudic$1 9 ! abs5ce ( exp]i5ce1 ) feel+s ( d\bt z to _! complete effici5cy1 & _m1 aga91 hav+ us$ f9e refractors4 ,x w be se51 too1 t _m h comm5c$ ) a small siz$ reflector1 & gone on increas+ _! optical p[] until !y h obta9$ a l>ge & p[]ful in/rum5t1 impos+ inde$ z comp>$ ) :at 0 consid]$ a p[]ful in/rum5t less ?an half a c5tury ago1 & at a fraction ( its co/4 ,! gratify+ success :i* ,i h a*iev$1 atte/$ by ! univ]sal satisfaction giv5 by ! in/rum5ts suppli$ by me1 is ! result ( unwe>y+ lab\r & untir+ pati5ce2 e speculum1 l>ge or small1 be+ figur$ ) my own h&s4 ,i h e facility = sett+ up in/rum5ts1 & = te/+1 work+1 & regulat+ !m 9 e "p on cele/ial objects4 ,! optical p>ts are1 !re=e1 n m]ely te/$ sep>ately & subsequ5tly me*anically adju/$1 b ea* & e in/rum5t is put toge!r & optically & me*anically te/$1 z a :ole1 be=e x is p]mitt$ to leave ! work%op4 ,e speculum is mo/ c>efully figur$1 & confid5tly gu>ante$ p]fect to ! extreme edge4 ,! employm5t ( 8/ops0 ( any k9d is q unnecess>y1 except on bad nights1 :5 ! ap]ture mu/ ( c\rse be suit$ to ! degree ( /ead9ess ( ! air4 ,=1 :e!r ! in/rum5t be a reflector or a refractor1 ! ap]ture & p[] us$ mu/ ( necessity be limit$ by ! atmosph]ic conditions "u :i* obs]vations are made4 ,x %\ld1 h[ev]1 be rememb]$ t ! reflector hav+ n only a mu* l>g] ap]ture ?an a refractor ( same focal l5g?1 &1 be+ op5 to ! influ5ce ( ! ext]nal air1 is n only affect$ by a relatively l>g] column ( air1 b is affect$ 9 a diff]5t way4 ,x frequ5tly happ5s t reflectors ( #f 94 to #ah 94 ap]ture1 are ( same focal l5g? z #e or #f in* refractors4 ,^! consid]ations w expla9 ! occasional use ( /ops1 & ! exp$i5cy ( hav+ !m ready to use :5 !y c be ( tempor>y advantage4 ,!re are nights 9 our climate :5 a #f in* ap]ture may be ! l>ge/ t c be us$ ) satisfaction or advantage2 inde$ x us$ to be accept$ z an incontrov]tible fact t an ap]ture ( ,g in*es 0 ! l>ge/ t c\ld be us$ on av]age nights 9 our c\ntry4 ,b !re are also n a few nights :5 l>ge ap]tures1 br+ great ga9 to _! =tunate possessors4 ,x is obvi\s t1 mutatis mut&is1 ^! conditions mu/ affect refractors z well z reflectors1 ) p]haps ?is diff]5ce1 t 9 ! case ( a reflector ! rays pass d[n ! tube & infr+e on ! speculum z a column ( p>allel rays2 consequ5tly all ! ext]nal rays ( ! column travel ne> ! surface ( ! tube = its entire l5g?4 ,?is be+ s1 x is obvi\s t until ! int]nal & ext]nal air & ! metal tube h "t to equalize 9 temp]ature1 x w be advantage\s1 9 all "w requir+ high p[]s1 su* z ! exam9ation ( difficult d\ble />s1 to 8/op (f0 = a "t ! extreme edge by a small diaphragm4 ,?is w occur especially on fro/y nights aft] a w>m f9e day4 ,:5 ! telescope is 9 ! op5 air1 ice w n infrequ5tly =m on ! top ( ! tube1 & ! effect w be at once obvi\s 9 ! irregul>ity ( a /> image at ! edge correspond+ to ! top ( ! tube4 ,! use ( a small diaphragm w at once obviate ?is defect & give p]fect images4 ,on su* nights a wood5 tube is pref]able to a metal "o4 ,x has be5 frequ5tly my exp]i5ce1 :5 f9ally te/+ an in/rum5t1 t :5 ,i h be5 dissatisfi$ ) its p]=mance1 & 9 ord] to trace ! cause ( ! app>5t defect1 h remov$ ! mirrors to my wood5 te/+ tube1 ,i h f\nd e defect remov$1 & imp]fect replac$ by p]fect images4 ,! explanation is simple4 ,n only is ! wood5 tube mu* l>g] 9 diamet] ?an ! specula1 b wood is ( itself less s5sible ?an metal to diff]5ces ( temp]ature4 ,to make ! tubes "s #b or #c in*es l>g] 9 diamet] ?an ! speculum w\ld cure ?is evil1 b x w\ld involve v>i\s inconv5i5ces & exp5ses 9 /ructure1 :i* w\ld m ?an outweigh ! advantage ( ov]com+ a h9drance :i* is aft] all only tempor>y & occasional4 ,! exp]im5t ( p]=at+ or v5tilat+ tubes has n[ be5 ?or\ghly & exhau/ively tri$1 ) ! result t !re is a fairly g5]al cons5sus ( exp]i5c$ op9ion aga9/ _! use4 ,! advantages are m]ely !oretical2 ! disadvantages are grave4 ,among !m are ! admission ( cross reflections 9 e direction1 ! admission ( du/1 imp]fect protection ( ! mirrors1 & a decid$ loss ( /r5g? & rigidity to ! tube4 ,,catalogue ,,( ,silv]$ ,glass ,reflect+ ,telescopes1 c41 ,,& ,,_! ,,accessories1 ,,octob]1 #ahhj4 ,g4 ,calv]1 :ile introduc+ ! li/ ( prices bel[1 has ! greate/ confid5ce 9 call+ ! att5tion ( ! practical a/ronom] & ! amateur to ! v mod]ate prices *>g$1 consid]+ ! pr9ciple & /yle ( ! m\nt+1 & ! firm & well-fitt$ arrangem5ts 9 all ! p>ts4 ,! pr9ciple ( ! m\nt+ is t :i* is ! mo/ conv5i5t to use1 & ) ! greate/ degree ( /ead9ess ) ! easie/ movem5ts4 ,fig4 #a is ! be/ m\nt+ ev] appli$ to ! ,reflect+ ,telescope4 ,he is also able to /ate t1 ) 8 processes & special facilities = work+ l>ge specula1 & sub/antially m\nt+ !m1 he is prep>$ to con/ruct automatic equatorials ( l>ge sizes1 & ) any special arrangem5ts t may be requir$4 ,fig4 #a is a v excell5t m\nt+1 & admirably suit$ = l>ge in/rum5ts1 especially :5 clock-p[] is appli$2 & z n[ manufactur$ by ,g4 ,,calv]1 is ! mo/ complete & reliable1 its details ( con/ruction be+ su* z to give ! greate/ fre$om ( motion & /ead9ess4 ,= l>ge sizes ! top ( pol> axis works on friction roll]s2 &1 z a sup]ior ,g]man /&1 its arrangem5ts & means ( a/ronomical z well z optical adju/m5ts1 are su* z to make x an in/rum5t ( precision4 ,to ensure ^! qualities _m well consid]$ arrangem5ts--entail+ c>eful & exp5sive workman%ip--mu/ be provid$2 details t d n easily admit ( description 9 an ord9>y catalogue1 or c be %[n 9 an engrav+1 b are duly appreciat$ by ! obs]v]1 :o w f9d _! value by practice4 ,! cradle b> is comp\nd ) f9e screw movem5t = p]fect+ collimation1 b to make ?is adju/m5t p]fect1 ! telescope tube mu/ be c5tr$ 9 a p[]ful la!1 & ! cradle & solid metal r+s 9 :i* ! tube revolves 7see illu/ration7 has to be turn$ & fitt$ ) true flanges or work+ be>+s2 ! me*anical & optical c5tres w !n co9cide4 ,! h\r circle1 to be truly divid$1 mu/ be truly made1 & is a solid :eel ( good sub/ance1 work+ on a second>y axis1 & rotat$ by me*anical means1 truly conc5tric1 ) a v /rong pol> axis4 ,! decl9ation circle has f9e tang5t screw movem5t1 ) d\ble action = sett+ ! read+s by mill$-head$ screw1 & also long driv+ rod f ! eye-piece to set & adju/ ! object 9 c5tre ( field4 ,!re is sl[ h& motion1 by a sep>ate :eel 9 "r asc5sion4 ,! clock-p[] is connect$ & disconnect$ in/antly1 by t\*+ ) ! f+] a small lev]1 conv5i5tly plac$ at a small door 9 ! clock case4 ,! clock w g at exactly ! same rate1 :e!r x is driv+ ! telescope or n1 & ! latt] beg9s to move at ! prop] spe$ ! in/ant ! lev] is mov$1 & ! connection ( ! telescope & clock made1 :i* is in/antly effect$ by ano!r lev]4 s4 d4 #ad1 #ae1 to #af in* ,speculum m\nt$ z 7,fig4 #a71 ) rotat+ h\r circle read+ to #e seconds & decimation to #a m9ute 7! diamet] ( ! circles nev] less ?an t ( ! ,speculum1 & (t5 l>g]7 #h p[]s1 f #ej to #gjj1 ) fir/-rate & v p[]ful driv+ clock1 fir/-class in/rum5t1 & complete f #bej to #cej #j #j #ag1 #ah1 to #bj in* ,speculum1 ) #aj p[]s1 f #ej to #hjj1 includ+ ,kelln]s1 ,huygh5ians1 & ,a*romatics1 f #cfj to #ejj #j #j #bb to #bd in* ,speculum f #fjj to #gjj #j #j #cj in* ,speculum1 ) #ab p[]s & position micromet]1 & transit eye-pieces #ajjj #j #j ,prices w be =w>d$ = special arrangem5ts 9 any ( ^! l>ge sizes4 s4 d4 ,driv+ ,clocks = #f to #h in* #ce #j #j #ab #ah #dj #j #j #bj #cj #ej #j #j ,^! are fitt$ ) gov]nor1 regulator1 & self-adju/+ break4 ,!y are made ( gun metal & /eel1 & e :eel is cut4 ,!y drive ) mo/ excell5t regul>ity1 & are1 :5 desir$1 made to beat seconds on a bell4 ,! :ole is enclos$ 9 a mahogany frame1 ) glass panels4 ,fig4 #b admits ( equal complet5ess1 c41 b ! /& is n s conv5i5t = clock-p[]4 ,,silv]$ ,,glass ,,equatorial ,,telescopes1 v sub/antially & well fitt$ z 7,fig4 #b74 ,all ^! equatorials h revolv+ body4 s4 d4 #e-a_/d in* ,speculum1 f #d to #f feet focus1 ) #g in* h\r circles1 read+ to #e seconds ( "t1 & decl9ation circle read+ to #a m9ute1 #b p[]s #cj #j #j #f-a_/b in* ,speculum1 ( f #e to #f-a_/b feet focus1 #aj in* rotat+ h\r circle1 read+ to #e seconds ( "t1 & decl9ation circle to #a m9ute ( arc1 ) #c p[]s--#ajj to #ejj #de #j #j #h-a_/b in* ,speculum1 z above1 ) #aj in* circles1 #d p[]s #gj #j #j #aj in* ,speculum1 z above1 ) #aj in* circles1 #e p[]s #ij #j #j #ab-a_/b in* ,speculum1 z above1 ) #aj in* circles1 #e p[]s #abj #j #j ,! ,,educational ,,reflector is a pla9 & v /eady & satisfactory in/rum5t1 m\nt$ on 7,fig4 #b7 /&1 )\t circles1 has revolv+ body1 & made s z to be portable4 s4 d4 #h-a_/b in* ,speculum z above1 ) #c p[]s #dj #j #j ,! ,,popul> ,,reflector 7,fig #c71 ) ,angle-,block /&1 ) endless screw-motion to foll[ ! />s ) equatorial motion4 s4 d4 #e-a_/d in* ,speculum1 ( f #d to #f feet focus1 ) #b p[]s #ae #ae #j ,^! are also made ) rotat+ body4 ,reflect+ ,telescope on ,alt-azimu? ,/&1 fitt$ ) silv]$ glass ,speculum1 & provid$ ) two eye-pieces4 s4 d4 #e-a_/d in* ,speculum1 #d to #f feet focus #ai #aj #j #f-a_/b #e #f-a_/b #be #j #j #h-a_/b #f-a_/b #cc #aj #j #aj #g #ej #j #j #ab-a_/b #h #gj #aj #j ,silv]$-,glass ,specula 7unm\nt$74 ,,! ,,f9e/ ,,quality ,,gu>ante$4 s4 d4 #e-a_/d in* diamet]1 #d to #f feet focus #e #j #j #f-a_/b #d #f-a_/b #f #e #j #h-a_/b #f-a_/b #ac #j #j #aj #g #be #j #j #ab-a_/b #h #ch #aj #j #ad #h #ee #j #j #af #aj #ge #j #j #ah #ab #ajj #j #j #bj #ab #acj #j #j #bb #ae #afe #j #j #bd #ah #bjj #j #j #bf #bej #j #j #cj #cjj #j #j #cf #djj #j #j ,silv]$-,glass ,diagonal ,mirrors 7unm\nt$74 ,,f9e/ ,,quality ,,gu>ante$4 s4 d4 #a in* 9 ! m9or axis1 or n>r[e/ diamet] ( ! ellipse #a #j #j #a-a_/b ditto ditto ditto #a #aj #j #b ditto ditto ditto #b #j #j #b-a_/b ditto ditto ditto #b #aj #j #c ditto ditto ditto #c #c #j #c-a_/b ditto ditto ditto #d #d #j #d ditto ditto ditto #e #e #j ,silv]+ & ,poli%+ ,specula4 s4 d4 #e in* #j #f #j #f-a_/b #j #h #j #h-a_/b #j #aj #f #aj #j #ae #j #ab-a_/b #a #a #j ,diagonal ,planes #cs4 to #j #e #j ,,a/ronomical ,,eye-,,pieces4 ,,( ,,be/ ,,quality4 ,huygh5ian ,con/ruction ( ! foll[+ magnify+ p[]s on a #f-a_/b feet focus object-glass3-- s4 d4 #ce1 #fj1 #ij1 #acj1 #ahj1 #bjj ea* #j #ae #j #cbj1 #dej #a #a #j #faj #a #g #f ,all fitt$ ) ,sun%ades4 ,improv$ ,a*romatic1 ,ramsd5's ,con/ruction4 s4 d4 #ij1 #acj ea* #a #j #j #ahi1 #bej #a #aj #j #cbj1 #dej #a #ab #f #faj1 #gej #b #b #j #hej #b #b #j ,kelln]'s ,con/ruction4 s4 d4 #cj1 #eh1 & #hj ea* #a #e #j ,sol> ,eye-,pieces4 s4 d4 ,sol> ,diagonal1 ) true plane #a #ab #f ,b>l['s ,l5s #a #a #j ,day ,erect+ ,eye-piece #a #e #j ,col\r$ ,eye-piece cap = obs]v+ ! ,moon #j #d #j ,transit ,eye-pieces1 = use ) ,equatorials #a #as4 to #b #b #j ,adju/+ ,piece #j #b #f ,good ,in/rum5ts w be tak5 9 ex*ange1 & lib]ally all[$ =4 ,,george ,,calv]1 ,,hill ,,h\se1 ,,wid=d1 ,,*elms=d1 ,,essex4 ,,lett]s ,,& ,,extracts ,,f ,,! ,,foll[+ ,,g5tlem54 ,f ,w4 ,e4 ,,p>k9son1 ,esq4 #aa1 ,,well+ton ,,p>k ,,t]race1 ,,belfa/1 ,july #g?1 #ahgf4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,! night be=e la/ 0 a cle> night1 & ,i got ! #f-a_/b in* out1 & ?\gh ! air 0 n good :5 us+ a #c-a_/d in* refractor1 ,i 0 mu* pleas$ ) ! p]=mance ( ! mirror4 ,mr4 ,w4 came up ab\t elev5 o'clock & /ay$ till "o2 we got x on ,saturn1 & al?\gh r l[ x 0 really a f9e sight--,mr4 ,w4 0 mu* pleas$4 ,! moon be+ ne> to full we c\ld n d mu* ) fa9t po9ts ( light4 ,y\rs s9c]ely1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,f4 ,g4 ,,lemman1 ,esq4 #gd1 ,,hagley ,,road1 ,,edgba/on1 ,novemb] #bg?1 #ahgf4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h n[ got ! #e in* speculum fairly into adju/m5t1 & ,i am well pleas$ ) x4 ,la/ night1 ! sky be+ cle> = a %ort "t1 ,i turn$ x on ! moon2 ! def9ition ( m9ute crat]s 0 all t c\ld be desir$4 ,i hope to h bett] opportunities4 ,i am1 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 7,f ! same ,g5tleman47 #gd1 ,,hagley ,,road1 ,,edgba/on1 ,novemb] #ba/1 #ahgf4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h m\nt$ ! #e in* speculum on a simple equatorial1 & x works well4 ,i am sure x w turn out a f9e glass1 & ,i %all n regret ! "t & pa9s ,i h sp5t ov] x4 ,x is n q 9 adju/m5t yet1 :5 x is x w af=d me a treat4 ,i h j tri$ x once on ! ,orion ,nebula & ,trapezium1 details ( ,nebula well se51 & ! #e? /> 9 ,trapezium easy4 ,i am1 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,d4 ,c4 ,,c>mi*ael1 ,esq4 ,,d[lais1 ,decemb] #bg?1 #ahgf4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h ?or\ghly te/$ ! speculum1 & am pleas$ to tell y x /ood its trials well4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,/4 ,,d5ies1 ,,s\?ampton1 ,augu/ #ad?1 #ahgf4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,) ref]5ce to y\r enquiry z to ! p]=mance ( ! #f-a_/b in* reflector1 ,i h pleasure 9 /at+ t ,i am p]fectly satisfi$4 ,x readily divides ! te/ objects1 & %[s delta ,cygni ) z l[ a p[] z #afj4 ,! comes to ,sirius may be consid]$ an atmosph]ic te/1 p]haps1 b ,i h repeat$ly se5 x4 ,y\r /& ,i f9d v /eady & conv5i5t2 altoge!r ,i c fairly say t ,i consid] t ,i h an in/rum5t ( consid]able p[] at a comp>atively small co/4 ,i n[ f9d ! attempt to obs]ve ) a refractor ! rev]se ( pleasant4 ,! own] ( a #c in* refractor1 aft] us+ my reflector1 writes t he envies me its p[]1 ease1 def9ition1 & com=t 9 obs]v+4 ,i am1 de> ,sir1 ,y\rs truly1 ,a4 ,h4 ,s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,w4 ,l4 ,,lanca/]1 ,esq4 #be1 ,,hamilton ,,t]race1 ,,/4 ,,john',s ,,wood1 ,may #bf?1 #ahgg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h mu* pleasure 9 in=m+ y t ! v fir/ "t ,i saw ,saturn ?r\gh y\r #f-a_/b in* reflector1 ! def9ition ( ! planet 0 f> sup]ior to any?+ ,i _h obs]v$ be=e1 ev5 ) a good #d-a_/d in* refractor2 & on ano!r occasion ,i 0 greatly pleas$ ) ! cle> & easy view ( ! 8,comes0 to ,botis4 ,b ev5 )\t includ+ ! />s1 ! views ( ,saturn & ,jupit] ?r\gh my #f-a_/b in* mirror d alone 79 my op9ion7 well repay ! co/ ( ! telescope4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,a4 ,a4 ,,common1 ,esq41 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 #cg1 ,,eaton ,,rise1 ,,eal+1 ,febru>y #ac?1 #ahgg4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i l ! #ah in* speculum1 & ,i ?9k x z good z x c be1 & if ! l>g] "o is z good ,i %all be delight$ ) x4#a ,x gives beautiful /> images2 ,i see ,sirius z a brilliant dot1 a glori\s object )\t ray or fl>es ( any k9d4 ,i nev] saw x s well be=e4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 ,footnote3 #a ,?is alludes to ! #cg in*1 !n "u consid]ation2 & ,i may n[ add t ,mr4 ,common is p]fectly satisfi$ ) x1 & 8consid] x a v f9e mirror40 99 99 99 99 99 7,f ! same ,g5tleman47 #cg1 ,,eaton ,,rise1 ,,eal+1 ,febru>y #crd1 #ahgg4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h tri$ ! #ah in* speculum on "s te/s1 & especially ! satellites ( ,uranus1 & x appe>s f9e1 v f9e4 ,:at ,i h done 9 photography promises well4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,j4 ,l4 ,,lanca/]1 ,esq4 ,,s\!nd-,,on-,,sea1 ,m>* #ag?1 #ahgg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,circum/ances h prev5t$ me f mak+ _m obs]vations ( late1 b ,i am m confirm$ 9 my op9ion t my telescope ( y\r make is a v f9e in/rum5t 7a #f-a_/b in*74 ,i he>tily wi% y success1 :i* ,i feel sure y w obta91 z y are s pa9/ak+ & turn out a ?or\ghly reliable article4 ,i %all be curi\s to comp>e my bro!r's telescope ) m9e4 ,s9c]ely y\rs1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,! ,,rev4 ,w4 ,p4 ,,mat!ws4 ,,gorle/one1 ,m>* #cj?1 #ahge4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,y h ask$ me = my op9ion ( ! #aj in* speculum4 ,i h te/$ x1 & c speak 9 ! highe/ t]ms ( its p]=mance4 ,def9ition 9 good air is z ne> p]fection z x is possible to imag9e4 ,su* te/s z ,cancri1 #b ,&rom$ are well divid$4 ,! #f? /> 9 ! ,trapezium /&s out well cle> ( its bright] neighb\r4 ,on ! moon any p[] may be appli$1 only less5+ ! light1 b reta9+ %>pness ( outl9e4 ,i h tri$ a good _m telescopes1 b nev] yet saw ^! #aj in* mirrors surpass$4 ,! image ( a /> disc exp&$ on ea* side ( ! focus is ( z ne>ly ! same appe>ance z possible4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 99 99 99 99 99 #daf1 ,,brixton ,,road1 ,april #bj?1 #ahge4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,9 compliance ) y\r reque/1 ,i s5d p>ticul>s ( my obs]vation on ,draconis4 ,x 0 ab\t #ab4de ?is morn+ :5 ,i direct$ my #h-a_/b in* to ?is object1 ! air 0 v un/eady1 9 fact n ne>ly s good z "s nights lately1 & ,i well divid$ x ) a p[] ( #dej4 ,i !n us$ a #f-a_/b in* /op1 :i* ,i f\nd v mu* increas$ ! /ead9ess ( def9ition4 ,y\rs v respectfully1 ,p4 ,h4 99 99 99 99 99 ,july #aj?1 #ahgd4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i tri$ ! #f-a_/d in* mirror ,i _h f y = ! fir/ "t la/ night4 ,! night 0 n a good "o = def9ition1 b ,i 0 v mu* pleas$ inde$ ) its p]=mance4 ,y\rs truly1 ,c4 ,h4 ,w4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,h4 ,,sadl]1 ,esq41 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,,honiton ,,rectory1 ,decemb] #bcrd1 #ahgd4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h be5 wi%+ to tell y h[ pleas$ ,i am at ! p]=mance ( y\r mirror4 ,_m ?anks = y\r k9d (f] to *ange ! mirror if ne$ful1 b ,i ?9k x c\ld h>dly be bett] ?an x is1 its p]=mance on diff]5t d\ble />s is mo/ excell5t4 ,i h exam9$ ne>ly #ajj ( ^! s9ce ,septemb] ) ! #f-a_/b in*1 mo/ ( !m v difficult1 b ! mirror came out well "u all te/s4 ,i s5d y a li/ ( "s ( ! objects ,i h exam9$4 ,y\rs truly1 ,h4 ,,sadl]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,aquil4--,divid$1 p[] #hj4 #ad-m4 ,webb might h be5 rat$ #ae-m4 #f-m41 #g-m4 #ae4 ,a ,b ,c ,a-,b ,a-,c ,aquil4--#c-a_/b1 #af1 #ad1 #if1 #aid4 ,comites easy1 #c o!r excessively m9ute ones1 n %[n by ! #aa in* refractor ) :i* ,p4 ,smy? measur$ ,b4,c4 ,f\nd #f-a_/b 94 ,sept4 #ab?1 e/4 #ag mag4 #ajj to #aaj4 ,p]sei4--,my fri5d 8,l9ea0 sees two m9ute />s ) #dbh 94 ,wray1 n 9 ,webb1 & ,wray himself sees an excessively difficult companion4 ,i see ^! #c />s easily ) #f-a_/b 94 7,wray says 8 companion is 8v difficult ) #g 94 refractor1 really only a glimpse />1 ev5 ) ! be/ atmosph]e071 & h add$ two m />s to ! gr\p4 ,delph9i4--,close d\ble discov]$ by ,burnham1 e/4 #jg4 ,9 contact #f-a_/b 941 p[] #dcj4 ,coron ,borealis4--,v l[1 long pa/ m]idian1 9 contact #afd p[]4 a b c n ,equalei4--#e-a_/b1 #ac1 #ad1 #af3 a-b #ce1 a-c #ej b-,b #c4 #af-m4 n se51 ,webb #i-a_/c 94 ,j divid$ #afd1 easy #dcj p[]4 ,two o!r companions 7n se5 by ,smy? or ,webb87 ,&rom$4--,! #af-m4 comes1 a v difficult te/1 easy2 o!r comites 7n se5 by ,smy? or ,webb87 se54 ,companion to ,vega pretty easy1 ,nov4 #ab?1 #cgm4 aft] sunset4 a b c ,b a-b b-,b a-c ,p4 #agh xx4 ,delph9i4--#g-a_/b1 #h1 #af1 #i3 #adc1 #j4g1 #bj4 ,smy? #af by evanesc5t glimpses2 easy #afd p[]1 #f-a_/b 94 #h-m4 well elongat$ 9 direction ( #bcj1 p[] #dcj4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,h4 ,,bly?1 ,esq4 ,,reg5t ,,road1 ,,great ,,y>m\?1 ,octob] #bd?1 #ahgd4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,d\btless y h anticipat$ he>+ f me1 relative to ! #aj in* telescope1 b ! wea!r has be5 s indiff]5t = delicate a/ronomical "w1 t x has n yet _h a fair trial4 ,9 middl+ good air1 :5 ,i c\ld use a r$uc$ ap]ture ) satisfactory results1 ! /> images rem9d$ me ( ! #f-a_/b in*1 :i* ,i consid]$ s sup]b a mirror t no?+ c\ld surpass its f9e p]=mance ei!r on />s or planets4 ,) ! recollections ( ! truly spl5did views ,i _h ( ,jupit] la/ season1 ,i c\nt mu* to see him ) ! #aj in*4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,t4 ,,ay]s1 ,esq4 ,,reg5t ,,road1 ,,great ,,y>m\?1 ,febru>y #bnd1 #ahge4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,9 reply to y\rs1 ,i h n _h a really good night to te/ sev]ely ! def9+ p[]s ( ! #aj in* mirror1 b judg+ f ! few difficult objects ,i h se51 ! mirror promises well1 & ,i h no d\bt ( its excell5ce4 ,i _h a f9e view ( ! gr& nebula 9 ,orionis1 & notic$ t ! #e? & #f? />s 7 q pla9ly se51 :5 ! ap]ture 0 r$uc$ to #e-a_/b in*es4 ,i consid] y\r /& a great improvem5t1 be+ v conv5i5t & /eady4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,a4 ,p4 ,,arnott4 ,,am ,,/reet1 ,,ed9burgh1 #h-a_/b ,,alt4 ,,azimu?4 ,febru>y #be?1 #ahgh4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h f\nd no difficulty 9 putt+ up ! in/rum5t1 & ! adju/m5ts d n appe> to be h>d to manage4 ,x is a v beautiful in/rum5t1 & ! case ) :i* its movem5ts are made is extraord9>y4 ,i am1 de> ,sir1 ,y\rs fai?fully1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,j4 ,,slat]1 ,esq4 ,,t[n ,,hall ,,squ>e1 ,,bolton1 ,septemb]1 #ahgg4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,la/ night1 ?r\gh a break 9 ! cl\ds1 ,i manag$ to get my fir/ look ) ! telescope 7an #h-a_/b74 ,i turn$ x on delta ,cygni4 ,! def9ition 0 r flutt]+1 b a #f-a_/b 94 /op enabl$ me to see x well ) #agj2 ! fir/ "t ,i h ev] divid$ ?is />#b ! col\r 0 obvi\s4 ,i !n tri$ ,pi ,aquil1 :i* 0 beautifully divid$4 ,i am mu* pleas$ ) ! in/rum5t & its p]=mance1 & :5 ,i d get a f9e night ,i expect great ?+s f my #h-a_/b 94 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 ,footnote3 #b ,! obs]v] _h us$ an #h-a_/b reflector1 h[ev]1 = "s ye>s4 99 99 99 99 99 7,ano!r ,lett] f ! same ,g5tleman47 ,,bolton1 ,decemb]1 #ahgg4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,z to ! adju/m5ts ( ! #h-a_/b 941 ,i h _h v little tr\ble1 & ,i h tri$ x aga9 on a few objects1 a few nights ago1 & ) a #g 94 /op1 & a p[] ( #cjj1 ,i split ,zeta ,cancri & ! close d\ble sf ,ca/or2 ) ! full ap]ture !y 7 v easy4 ,i h also split ,gamma ,&rom$ ) #g 94 /op1 & on a v f9e night4 ,i believe #f-a_/b 94 w\ld d x4 ,i j got a look1 on ,novemb] #g?1 at ! %ad[ ( ,titan1 on ,saturn's disc2 b 0 driv5 inside be=e ,i c\ld obs]ve ! "t ( its pass+ ! c5tre4 ,i h se5 ! ,moon on two occasions ) ! f9e/ def9ition ,i ev] saw4 ,altoge!r ,i am highly pleas$ & pr\d ( my telescope4 ,i h n yet tri$ _m fa9t objects2 /ill ,i saw ! ,crab nebula 9 ,taurus mu* ne>] ,"l ,rosse's draw+s ?an ,h]s*el's1 z giv5 by ,*amb]s4 ,i am1 de> ,sir1 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,g4 ,,bill+ton1 ,esq4 ,,wellwick1 ,,w5dov]1 ,july #ai?4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i am p]fectly satisfi$ ) ! mirror1 a #f-a_/b 941 n[ t ,i h tri$ x ) y\r flat1 & ,i h no difficulty 9 see+ /> disks :5 ! air is good4 ,i am1 de> ,sir1 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,s4 ,,toml9son4 ,,c>lisle ,,t]race1 ,,malahide1 #ahgg4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i write to tell y t ,i 0 v mu* pleas$ inde$ ) la/ night's obs]vations ) y\r #ah4 ,! /> disks 7 good & well cond5s$1 & /ray light well ga!r$ 91 & :5 a good night comes ,i h no d\bt ( x4 ,! m>k+s on ,m>s 7 well def9$4 ,i f9d ! advantage ( a l>ge ap]ture %[s itself4 ,i h no d\bt ,i pick$ up ! out] ,satellite1 b _c be c]ta9 till to-night1 if ,i am p]mitt$ to see x4 ,! only objection ,i h is its %ort focus1 z x s]i\sly complicates my lab\rs 9 mat*+ ! second>y convexes = ! ,cassegra9 =m--if y c help me 9 ! matt] ( a long] focus2 if n ,i am satisfi$ & ?ankful1 & mu/ only proce$ to ! te/+ process in* by in*4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ! same ,g5tleman4 ,,c>lisle ,,t]race1 ,,malahide1 ,novemb] #f?1 #ahgg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i _h int5d$ to write to y be=e1 b1 f v>i\s duties1 ,i h be5 oblig$ to po/pone x f day to day4 ,i h be5 work+ /eadily1 h[ev]1 ) y\r #ah1 & ,i l x ! m ,i use x4 ,! figure is wond]fully p]fect1 & ! def9ition ( planet>y details & m>k+s mo/ admirable4 ,on f\r occasions ,i h se5 ! ,satellites ( ,m>s2 ( ^! ,i c feel q c]ta9 ( two1 = x 0 held suffici5tly long to p]ceive a m>k$ *ange 9 position angle4 ,! int5sely small companion to a#b ,capricorni ,i h well se51 cleanly sep>at$1 & t 9 /rong daylight4 ,i am anxi\s = a good night to attack ,orionis4 ,dur+ ^! obs]vations ,i h be5 us+ ! telescope z a ,newtonion dur+ my "w at ! convexes2 b my lab\rs h be5 pleasantly int]cept$ by ! magnific5t & gorge\s views ( ! /> clu/]s & nebul--m beautiful & />tl+ ?an ,i c\ld possibly h imag9$1 & surpass+ f> any?+ ,i _h ev] pictur$ to my m9d4 ,y\rs v truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,major-,,g5]al ,,addisons1 ,c4,b4 ,,melton1 #ahgh4 ,,sir1--,y w be glad1 ,i "k1 to he> t ,i _h a v satisfactory ev5+ ) ! #ah 94 equatorial ye/]day1 & ! clock kept x 9 ! field )\t vibration ( any sort4 ,y\rs ob$i5tly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,j4 ,t4 ,,/ev5son1 ,esq4 ,,auckl&1 ,,new ,,zeal&1 #ahgg4 ,,de> ,,mr4 ,,calv]1--,s9ce writ+ to y ,i h be5 obs]v+ ) ! #f-a_/b 94 equatorial telescope1 & ,i h mu* pleasure 9 in=m+ y t ,i am greatly pleas$ ) its p]=mance4 ,! def9ition ( ! planets is beautiful4 ,i am happy to in=m y t ,i h f\nd a mo/ m9ute crat] 9 ,pic>d a1 x is mu* small] ?an ! te/ crat] 7m5tion$ 9 ,cel4 ,obj41 by ,,webb1 page #hc7 9 same =mation4 ,i wrote to ,mr4 ,,webb ab\t x1 & s9ce !n ,i h se5 x di/9ctly2 x is ano!r pro( ( ! excell5ce ( y\r telescope4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,j4 ,c4 ,,h>k]1 ,esq4 ,,k5dal1 #ahgh4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,aft] f\r mon?s use ( ! telescope ,i _h ( y 7an #h-a_/b 9471 ,i am able to tell y t ,i am mu* pleas$ ) its great excell5ce4 ,! def9ition ( ! mirror is v f9e1 & its p]=mance on ! ,moon be+ sup]b1 ) s high a p[] z #gjj4 ,! /& ,i f9d v /eady & conv5i5t1 & ! screw motions v smoo?4 ,i am1 de> ,sir1 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,e4 ,a4 ,,fry1 ,esq4 ,,birm+ham1 #ahgh4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i write to tell y t ,i l ! telescope v mu* 7#e-a_/d 94 equatorial72 ! mirror is1 z y say1 a gem1 & x is q a treat to look at ! my/]ies above4 ,saturday 0 a glori\s night1 ?\gh ! ,moon 0 r too bright4 ,altoge!r ,i am q satisfi$ ) ! telescope1 & ! f9i% is fir/-rate4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,j4 ,m4 ,,coates4 ,,! ,,godd>ds1 ,,m\lton1 ,,spald+4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i am able to report satisfactorily on ! mirror4 ,on ,saturday night la/ ,i divid$ #b ,botis1 p[] #cjj1 ) ! #h-a_/b4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ! same ,g5tleman4 ,,! ,,godd>ds1 ,,m\lton1 ,,spald+1 ,janu>y #ah?1 #ahgi4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h be5 wait+ = opportunities = te/+ obs]vations1 b !re h be5 few nights :5 ! wea!r & leisure "t h concurr$ 9 giv+ me a *ance4 ,h[ev]1 ,i c say ?is mu*1 t 9 lun> "w ,i h _h mu* pleasure f ! excell5t def9ition giv5 by ! #h-a_/b 94 ,i _h "s f9e views ( ,cop]nicus "u high p[]s n long s9ce1 & am anxi\sly await+ opportunities = clos] /udy ( a p>ticul> region4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,frank ,c4 ,,d5nett1 ,esq4 #aj1 ,,t]m9us ,,t]race1 ,,s\?ampton1 ,decemb] #aj?1 #ahgh4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,! #e-a_/d 94 is beautiful4 ,la/ night !re 0 a slight fro/y fog1 & ! air 0 v v /eady1 9 fact ,i only rememb] ab\t "o su* night s9ce ,novemb]1 #ahge4 ,saturn 0 %>p & h>d1 & ! %ad[ ( ! r+ int5sely black1 ) all p[]s f #afh to #cgb1 & ev5 ) #eej1 obta9$ by remov+ ! field l5s ( #cgb4 ,! v broad pol> caps pres5t$ a blui% grey1 r5d]$ m visible by contra/ ) a f9e p5umbral l9e ( a v slightly br[ni% grey close to ! s\? bord] ( ! r+1 & :i* seem$ to be diffus$ on ! s\? bord] 7i4e41 ! l9e 0 diffus$74 ,i %\ld fancy ! l9e "h ref]r$ to 0 less ?an #a ( arc broad2 consid]ably less6 ,turn+ f ,saturn1 ,i look$ at ,arietis1 ! pres5t di/ance ( :i* is only #aag2 ) all p[]s1 f #bac upw>ds1 ! compon5ts 7 visible z two t9y po9ts ( light ?or\ghly divorc$1 & ) #bhh p[]1 rem9d+ "o ( #b ,lyr1 z se5 ) #abj on a #b-c_/d 94 a*r41 only ! discs seem$ fre] f r+s4 ,lat] 9 ! ev5+1 :5 ! def9ition 0 m flutt]y1 ,orionis %>$ ! same fate z ,arietis1 be+ well sep>at$ ) ! same p[]s4 ,! pres5t di/ance ( ?is /> is only #aab4 ,rec5tly ,i divid$ ?is /> ) a #d-a_/b 94 /op on ! mirror1 p[] #bhh4 ,i h se5 ,arietis well ) ! same /op too4 ,i ?9k ,i h told y be=e t ! #e-a_/d 941 ) #cgb p[]1 0 successful 9 divid+ ,equulei1 ^: di/ance is only #jig4 ,?is is ! close/ /> ,i h yet divid$4 ,! ,moon is f9e too6 ,la/ night ,i caught a l>ge r+ close to ! t]m9ator1 ne> ! s\? pole 7= ! ,moon 0 only ab\t #b-a_/b h\rs pa/ full71 :i* 0 look$ at ov] ! nor!rn wall2 ! view 0 beautiful1 su* gradations ( light & %ade1 int]sp]s$ ) greys ( diff]5t hues1 :i* r5d] ! object sc>cely describable4 ,! f9e/ clefts & t9ie/ crat]lets are r5d]$ visible4 ,x is a puzzle to me h[ anyone 9 ! possession ( #af or #ag c g buy+ a refractor ( f #b-a_/b to #c-a_/d 94 ap]ture 9 pref]5ce to a silv]$ mirror4 ,x mu/ be f %e] ignorance ( ! beautiful views giv5 by ! latt]1 :i* is sup]ior 9 e way4 ,i d n ?9k !re is any o!r po9t on :i* ,i ne$ t\* n[1 s ,i mu/ beg to rema91 ,de> ,sir1 ,y\rs v truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,,jevon ,j4 ,,mus*amp ,,p]ry1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,,/4 ,,paul',s ,,vic>age1 ,,alnwick1 ,decemb] #bj?1 #ahgi4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i 0 v mu* int]e/$ 9 read+ y\r acc\nt ( ! gr9d+ & poli%+ ( ! #cg speculum1 9 ?is week's ,e4 ,m41 copi$ f ! 8,mon?ly ,notices0 ( ! ,r4 ,a4 ,s4 ,_h ,i only ! weal? ( my neighb\rs1 ,i w\ld give y an ord] = ! l>ge/ telescope y c\ld con/ruct4 ,e really good night gives me "s fre% pro( ( ! great excell5ce ( ! #f-a_/b 94 ,= in/ance1 on ,decemb] #ae?1 ,i cle>ly & /eadily saw ,enceladus4 ,i c\ld n1 ( c\rse1 h recogniz$ x _h x n be5 t ?is mon?'s 8,obs]vatory0 gave diagrams ( ! positions ( ! five inn] sats4 ( ,saturn1 = #h p4m4 on e day ( ?is mon?1 & a c>eful se>* = ,encel4 0 fully rew>d$ by a cle> & /eady view ( x at t "t 9 its prop] place4 ,on ?is feat ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,w4 ,,webb w>mly congratulat$ me1 & said t he _h se5 ,encel4 ) 8 #i-a_/c 8,)10 b only :5 ,saturn 0 hidd5 beh9d a b>4 ,i saw x cle>ly 9 exactly its prop] position )\t hid+ ! planet--p[] #djj4 ,i h also _h sev]al good views ( ,mr4 ,,webb',s new nebula 9 ,cygnus1 & h s5t him draw+s ( ! field1 :i* he confirms4 ,i h also made "s f9e draw+s ( ,jupit] & ,m>s4 ,on ,decemb] #ab?1 #aa p4m41 ,i tackl$ #gdi 79 ,taurus71 a v difficult te/ = my ap]ture1 only #jh1 & p]fectly split x ) p[] #cjj4 ,! night 0 sup]b4 ,:5 y consid] t ! !oretical limit ( divid+ p[] = a #f-a_/b is only #jg1 ,i ?9k ,i h done well to split a /> #jh 9 our climate4 ,fai?fully y\rs1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,g4 ,,f]guson1 ,esq41 ,m4,d4 ,,altidore ,,villa1 ,,pittville1 ,,*elt5ham1 ,june #bf?1 #ahgi4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i write to tell y t ,?ursday night be+ v f9e1 ,i _h a good opportunity ( try+ ! 7an #h-a_/b7 mirror on ,jupit]1 al?\gh ?is planet 0 l[] ?an x %\ld h be5 to give ! faire/ trial4 ,well1 ,i c only assure y t1 despite ! l[ position1 ,i nev] saw x s beautifully be=e4 ,! cont\r ( ! cl\ds1 p>ticul>ly "o orange "o1 sf1 ! delicate l9es1 & ! col\r+ ( ! belts1 7 all se5 ) a %>pness :i* ,i _h believ$ sc>cely atta9able1 & prov+ t ! result ( y\r lab\rs has be5 to effect a v real improvem5t 9 ! speculum4 ,not)/&+ ! good planet>y def9ition1 ! air 0 n tranquil en\gh = s]i\sly attack+ really difficult d\bles2 /ill ,i 0 mu* pleas$ ) its p]=mance on ,aquil4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ! same ,g5tleman4 ,july #bg?4 ,y\rs ( ,july #be? duly to h&4 ,i h ! speculum adju/$ 9 ! 8p9k0 ( accuracy4 ,/> discs are small & r\nd1 ) conc5tric diffraction r+s1 & q rayless except 9 ! case ( ! v brighte/ />s1 & ev5 ) ^! ! rays are v trifl+4 ,b = ! diffraction r+s1 :i* ,i fancy a really good night w mo/ly get rid (1 ,i %\ld1 ,i feel sure1 h readily divid$ ,coron4 ,! ,moon la/ night1 ?\gh v l[1 0 se5 ) mo/ gratify+ ease & %>pness4 ,altoge!r y w ga!r t ,i am m ?an satisfi$4 ,i am greatly gratifi$1 & w look =w>d to great pleasure z ! season advances4 ,y\rs fai?fully1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,,jevon ,j4 ,,mus*amp ,,p]ry1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,,/4 ,,paul',s ,,vic>age1 ,,alnwick1 ,augu/ #h?1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,y h inde$ surpass$ y\rself1 & y\r p]=mance is bett] ?an y\r promise4 ,! mirror arriv$ safely ye/]day1 & :5 ,i unpack$ x ,i 0 exce$+ly pleas$ ) its surface & g5]al appe>ance1 b ( c\rse t 0 a small matt]4 ,i wait$ till night to te/ x on a close d\ble4 ,i fir/ tri$ x on ,botis1 & al?\gh ! night 0 v bad ! def9ition x gave ( ! two />s ) #dej & full ap]ture 0 admirable1 consid]+ ! night4 ,aft] wait+ a long "t = cl\ds to cle> away1 ,i turn$ ! tube on t exce$+ly difficult te/1 ,cygni4 ,i consid] ?is /> to be "o ( ! sev]e/ te/s = any telescope1 reflector1 or refractor ( any ap]ture 9 ! :ole heav5s4 ,! p]=mance ( ! mirror ^u x1 ) ! full ap]ture1 0 simply ,,magnific5t1 ! small close companion /&+ out cle>ly1 well sep>at$ f its bright prim>y1 al?\gh ! night 0 n good4 ,i h>dly ?\ght x possible t ! f9e #ah in* mirror c\ld be excell$4 ,i am b\nd to confess t y h excell$ x4 ,to say t ,i am extremely grateful to y is a v poor expression ( my feel+s4 ,i am pleas$ & delight$ beyond measure ) ! sup]-excell5t #ah-a_/d 94 mirror y h s5t me4 ,cl\ds put an end to my "w la/ night1 b ,i h no d\bt t 9 ! future e night's obs]vations w only accumulate pro(s ( ! exquisite p]fection ( y\r h&iwork4 ,v fai?fully y\rs1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,extract f ! 8,engli% ,me*anic10 ,septemb] #crd1 #ahhj4 8,! telescope is a silv]$-glass ,newtonian reflector4 ,!re are two specula1 "o ( #ah 94 9 diamet]1 figur$ by ! celebrat$ ,,)1 9 #ahgh1 & is a magnific5t specim5 ( t em95t mak]'s h&iwork4 ,9 fact1 ,i am giv5 to und]/& t ,mr4 ,,coop] ,,key consid]$ t he _h atta9$ p]fection 9 ?is mirror1 & ( all m5 !n liv+ !re 0 no bett] judge ?an he4 ,! o!r is #ah-a_/d 94 9 diamet]1 & 0 orig9ally figur$ by ,mr4 ,,coop] ,,key himself2 b x 0 only p]fect ov] ! int]ior #ad 941 &1 consequ5tly1 :ile ! :ole ap]ture c\ld be us$ on ! moon & planets1 ?is 0 all ( x t c\ld be us$ ^u close d\bles4 ,i det]m9$1 !re=e1 to give ?is mirror to ,mr4 ,,calv] to re-figure1 &1 if possible1 excel ,mr4 ,,)',s speculum4 8,9 ord] t ,mr4 ,,calv] might "k ! ext5t ( 8 task1 ,i return$ home ?r\gh ,london & ,*elms=d1 br++ ) me bo? mirrors1 :i* ,mr4 ,,calv] te/$ = himself at ! c5tre ( curvature4 ,aft] ! trial 0 ov]1 he pron\nc$ ,mr4 ,,)',s mirror to be an exceptionally f9e "o1 & he>tily congratulat$ me on ! possession ( su* a beauty4 ,i left ! o!r "o ) him to be re-figur$4 8,& n[ to come to ! mo/ important "p ( all--! p]=mance ( ! #ah 94 ,,) mirror ^u close d\ble />s4 ,s9ce ! telescope came into my possession1 ,i h nev] _h a ?or\ghly good night2 b ev5 on an indiff]5t "o1 ,i h1 ) ! full ap]ture1 divid$ su* extremely difficult te/s z ,coron1 #b ,h]culis1 & ,cygni2 & ^! results 7 q suffici5t to %[ me t ! v high reputation ( its excell5t mak] is wor?ily & pr\dly ma9ta9$ by ?is mirror4 ,9 fact1 ! def9ition x gave "o night1 :5 ! ,scotti% ,a/ronom] ,royal 0 /ay+ ) me ( ,botis1 0 su*1 t ! ,pr(essor told me ,i c\ld n expect any telescope1 reflector1 or refractor1 ^u ! same object1 & on ! same night1 to d bett]4 ,h[ev]1 ,i knew ,mr4 ,,calv] 0 do+ 8 v utmo/ 9 ! hon\rable & praisewor?y competition to atta9 p]fection1 to give me a mirror :i* w\ld be> fav\rable comp>ison ) ,mr4 ,,)'s4 ,x rea*$ me ab\t a week ago1 & on ! same ev5+ ,i _h an opportunity ( te/+ x ^u :at ,i consid] to be "o ( ! v sev]e/ te/s t c be appli$ to any telescope1 reflector or refractor1 9 ! nor!rn heav5s1 t is ,cygni#c4 ,to make ! te/ z sev]e z possible1 ,i appli$ ! :ole ap]ture at once1 ) a p[] ( #cdg4 ,i 0 surpris$ & delight$ beyond measure ) ! result4 ,! small /> /ood out cle>ly sep>at$ f its bright prim>y1 & !re 7 two or ?ree diffraction r+s r\nd ! latt] unbrok5 9 any "p1 & equally bright all r\nd4 ,i consid] ! results :i* ,mr4 ,,calv] has atta9$ 9 ?is mirror _c possibly be excell$4 ,i measur$ ?is /> on two sep>ate nights1 & ! mean results are pos4 #cbhi1 di/4 #abi4 ,i also measur$1 ) ?is mirror1 ano!r difficult /> ( ! same "*1 namely1 ) a bright prim>y & small companion1 ,h]culis1 ) ! foll[+ results1 pos4 #aaac1 di/4 #ajc4 ,i make ! companion ( ?is /> a dusky blue1 or lav5d]4 ,z reg>ds ! light-grasp+ p[] ( ! mirror1 ,i turn$ x1 ! o!r night1 on ! m9ute pair betwe5 #a & #b ,capricorni1 :i* ,sir ,john ,h]s*el gave z ! te/ ( ! p[] ( any telescope & eye to obs]ve ! satellites ( ,uranus4 ,! night 0 v un/eady1 b ! m9ute />s ( ! pair 7 mo/ conspicu\s40 ,footnote3 #c ,,note4--,mr4 ,p]ry does n mean t ,cygni is "o ( ! mo/ difficult te/s z reg>ds ! di/ance ( ! compon5ts4 ,he has (t5 se5 x ) 8 #f-a_/b ,silv]$ ,glass ,reflector1 & ev5 ) a /op ( #e-a_/b on ! same in/rum5t2 b he 0 surpris$ at ! beauty & p]fection ( ! images--p]fect & unbrok5 r+s--& he knew t ^! appe>ances c\ld n h pres5t$ !mselves _h n ! figure ( ! mirror be5 ( extraord9>y p]fection4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,?os4 ,,we/lake1 ,esq4 ,,=d+bridge1 ,june1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i wrote y la/ ev5+1 & aft]w>ds _h my fir/ trial ) ! telescope 7a #aj 94 ,alt ,azimu?74 ,x turns out a beauty4 ,i _h ! full ap]ture on all ! ev5+1 ! air 0 v good1 b n p]fect4 ,alpha ,lyr 0 a spl5did object ) all p[]s1 a mo/ brilliant disk ) j indications ( circul> r+s--no w+s or rays4 ,i turn$ x on ,b ,cygni1 & ! beauty ( ! mirror /ood reveal$1 bo? />s p]fect disks1 ) j ! indication ( p]fect circul> defraction r+s1 & ! col\rs 7 mo/ beautiful1--no?+ c\ld possibly appe> f9]4 ,i consid] ! mirror p]fect1 & ! /& mo/ conv5i5t & smoo? & pleasant 9 action4 ,i am1 de> ,sir1 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,e4 ,h4 ,,l[e4 ,,wilmcote1 ,april1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,mr4 ,,calv]1--,i h be5 exce$+ly occupi$1 z !re has be5 a succession ( glori\sly f9e nights1 & ,i h secur$ ! ,nebul diagrams ,i s mu* wi%$ = ,mr4 ,,webb1--& ,i w\ld all[ no?+ to div]t me f !m--b ,i put x 7a #ae-a_/b 94 equatorial7 on ,zeta ,cancri1 & x 0 %[n beautifully4 ,i h be5 work+ at ! driv+ clock1 & x is "u capital control4 ,! great clu/] #ac ,m41 is a glori\s object1 & magnific5tly resolv$4 ,i see all ,i look = on ! ,moon4 ,fai?fully y\rs1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,w4 ,,scott1 ,esq4 ,,s\?wick1 ,,sund]l&1 ,july1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,dr4 ,blacklock1 & also ,mr4 ,bell1 h se5 ! mirror1 & pron\nce x p]fect1 & x p]=ms admirably4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,james ,l4 ,,mccance1 ,esq41 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,,putney ,,hill1 ,s4,w41 ,octob] #bcrd1 #ahgi4 ,,de> ,mr4 ,,calv]1--,wea!r & circum/ances h be5 v unfav\rable = do+ mu* "w ) ! #aj in* reflector s9ce ,i got x f y4 ,b ) :at ,i h se5 ) x ,i am v pleas$2 9 good wea!r ! views ( ! planets1 ,jupit] & 8 8,great ,r$ ,spot0 especially1 7 gr&4 ,! m\nt+ 7equatorial7 is q satisfactory1 & ! movem5ts "w smoo?ly & well4 ,y\rs v truly1 7,sign$47 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,frank ,c4 ,,d5nett1 ,esq4 #aj1 ,,t]m9us ,,t]race1 ,,s\?ampton1 ,july #aa?1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,x is a long "t ago t y ask$ me to write & let y "k h[ ,i lik$ ! #i-a_/b 94 ,i h n done s because ,i wi%$ fir/ to see :at 0 to be made ( ! planets4 ,la/ night1 at #ad;h #cjm1 ,i _h my fir/ peep at ,jupit] ?r\gh x1 & a gr& sight x 02 8 belts col\r$1 ?\gh n s vivid z !y are sometimes1 7 f9e 9 ! extreme2 &1 ?\gh ! p[] employ$ 0 only ! a*romatic #bae1 ! satellites 7 beautiful little discs1 "o especially %[+ ! t9t ( its surface4 ,a qu>t] ( an h\r lat] ,saturn 0 9 ! field ( view2 a gr& object1 sev]al ( ! satellites surr\nd+ x4 ,a little cl\d 0 com+ up ov] x1 s ,i c\ld n see s mu* ( ?is planet z ,i %\ld h lik$1 ?\gh amply suffici5t to prove inconte/ably its high class4 ,) d\ble />s ,i h n attempt$ mu*1 ?\gh on turn+ x on #b ,botis ,i f\nd ! division easy1 ! compon5ts be+ respectively slightly orange1 & dulli% :ite or pale yell[4 ,i h _h lots ( gr& views ( ! wond]s ( ! 8/> dep?s10 clu/]s1 & nebul1 notably #eg ,messi]1 ! ,r+ nebula1 9 ,lyra1 ! great ,orion nebula1 & ! m>vell\s ,:irlpool nebula1 ! *ief outl9es ( :i* 7 well %[n4 ,hi!rto ! in/rum5t has be5 *iefly employ$ on ! ,moon1 ! details ( :i* come out h>d & %>p 9 a beautiful mann]1 ) all p[]s up to #eae1 ! highe/ ,i h4 ,! #e-a_/d 94 pleas$ me v mu*1 b ! #i-a_/b 94 delights me4 ,y\rs fai?fully1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,g4 ,w4 ,,roy/on ,,pigott1 ,esq41 ,m4,d41 ,f4,r4,s41 ,f4,r4,a4,s41 c4 ,,ea/b\rne1 ,july1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,!re has be5 b little wea!r = te/+4 ,mr4 ,slack has be5 /ay+ ) me2 we are delight$ ) ! #h-a_/b1 & ?9k x a great beauty4 ,i c h>dly imag9e any mirror mu* bett]1 & ,i expect great precision f x4 ,i f9d its focus to be #fe in*es1 n q s mu* z my f9e ,dollond glass1 ( #c-c_/d 94 ap]ture4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,a4 ,,williams1 ,esq4 ,,cl>5ce ,,lodge1 ,,grafton ,,/reet1 ,,brighton1 ,augu/1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i _h int5d$ writ+ to y to express my pleasure 9 my #e-a_/d 94 telescope ne>ly a mon? ago1 b ?\ght ,i w\ld h ano!r look fir/1 & ! m ,i look ! m ,i am pleas$ ) x4 ,i _c n[ imag9e anyone pref]r+ a #c-a_/d 94 refractor to "o ( ^!4 ,i h _h no tr\ble at all ) ! adju/m5ts1 & if 0 to get out ( adju/m5t1 x c\ld be rectifi$ 9 ab\t five m9utes4 ,not)/&+ ! unsettl$ wea!r 7giv+ on an av]age only ab\t "o f9e night 9 eight71 ,i h exam9$ ne>ly two hundr$ d\ble />s 9 ! la/ ?ree mon?s1 "s ( !m v difficult4 ,i enclose a li/ ( a few1 :i* w %[ v well ! capabilities ( ! in/rum5t4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 ,,li/ ,,( ,,objects ,,se5 ,,) ,a #e-a_/d ,,in* ,,reflector4 ,scorpii 7#e1 #eb 3 #ac7 cle>ly divid$1 #ahf p[]4 ,lyr4 ,debilissima q easy2 #ahf1 #chj p[]s1 ?\gh ne>ly half ,moon4 #a ,h]culis 7#id1 #aj 3 #ajd74 ,j divid$1 #chj4 ,v difficult1 ow+ to its fa9tness4 ,vega4 #aa mag41 comes q pla91 only #dg m9utes be=e sunrise2 p[]s #aaj1 #ahf4 ,virg9is 7#e1 #ac 3 #dbg74 ,comes pla91 #aaj1 #ahf4 ,scorpii1 ! close pair 7#d1 #e 3 #jh71 well elongat$1 p[] #chj2 small /> 7#g1 #h 3 #afh7 divid$1 #aaj4 ,botis 7#d1 #e 3 #jhh7 elongat$ #ahf1 not*$ #chj1 & ) field l5s remov$1 all b divid$4 ,cygni 7#c1 #i 3 #afc71 #i pla91 #chj on sev]al occasions4 ,ant>es is *iefly an atmosph]ic te/1 b ! companion 0 q pla9 on "o occasion out ( ! ?ree ,i look$ = x4 #b ,botis 7#ge1 #h 3 #jfc71 consid]ably elongat$1 #chj4 ,coron 7#ee1 #f 3 #jfb71 slightly elongat$1 #chj2 b n ne>ly s mu* z #b ,botis4 #ef ,h]culis 7#fe1 #ac 3 #ae71 #ac easy1 all p[]s4 ,aquil 7#f1 #g 3 #ae74 ,j sep>at$1 #aaj2 #ad mag4 7,webb71 j visible1 #ahf4 ,equulei4 ,j divid$1 #ahf 7#eg1 #fb 3 #aj74 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,d4 ,,traill1 ,esq4 ,,balham1 ,m>* #e?1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h at pres5t to use ! telescope1 an #h-a_/b 94 ,alt ,azimu?1 out ( a w9d[1 & s at a great disadvantage1--9 fact _c give x a fair trial till ,i h ! h\se ready = x1 mean:ile ,i use x z occasions (f]1 & h be5 highly pleas$ ) x4 ,! views ( ! nebul> 9 ,orion resemble ^? ( ,,bond',s draw+s1 & %[s immeasurably above my #c-a_/d1 ( c\rse4 ,i ?9k ! mirror is p]fect f its p]=mance on l>ge />s ^: disks are small & r\nd1 )\t rays ( any k9d4 ,i am ?or\ghly satisfi$4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,hugh ,,auld1 ,esq4 ,,grosv5or ,,cresc5t1 ,,ed9burgh1 #ahgi4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h n be5 able to d mu* ) ! telescope1 a #e-a_/d ,angle-block1 ?r\gh ! unfav\rable wea!r = ! la/ f\r mon?s1 b ) ! opportunities ,i h _h its p]=mance is satisfactory2 x p]=ms well on />s ) high p[]s1 & ,i am sure x w be> a good deal high]4 ,i am v well pleas$ ) ! in/rum5t4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,,?os4 ,h4 ,,br[ne1 ,f4,r4,m4,s41 c4 ,,! ,,c$>s1 ,,high ,,wycombe1 ,febru>y #bf?1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i am exce$+ly pleas$ ) ! action ( y\r mirror 7an #h-a_/b 94 equatorial72 :at ,i h se5 ( sun1 moon1 planets1 & />s is spl5did4 ,i h _h a good _m telescopes1 b nev] lik$ "o s well z ! "o y h s5t me4 ,= ! fir/ day or two ,i c\ld d no?+ b admire x4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,,conybe>e ,w4 ,,bruce1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,,/4 ,,ni*olas' ,,rectory1 ,,c>diff1 ,july #ag?1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,mr4 ,,calv]1--,y w h be5 look+ = "s news ( me & ! #ab4 ,i h purposely delay$ writ+ until ,i 0 really 9 a position to say some?+ def9ite1 & y _h already he>d my high op9ion ( ! mirror4 ,let me at once say t t op9ion has be5 m ?an ju/ifi$4 ,! mirror is a beauty4 ,canon ,bee*ey & ,i got ,jupit] & ,saturn at #b4cj a4m4 ye/]day morn+--& !y 7 sup]b4 ,! ,canon decl>$ en?usia/ically1 t he 8_h nev] se5 ,saturn any?+ l t10 & ! la/ ?+ he said to me on ! subject z ,i p>t$ ) him to-day 01 8,y h got a v f9e in/rum5t inde$40 ,if ,i c\ld add any?+ m 9 its praise x w\ld be ?is1 t ,i am really go+ to build a new obs]vatory = x--my pres5t "o is too small & cramp$4 ,s9c]ely y\rs1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 7,ano!r ,lett] f ! same ,g5tleman47 ,,/4 ,,ni*olas' ,,rectory1 ,,ne> ,,c>diff1 ,augu/ #bh?1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,mr4 ,,calv]1--,! #ab in* surpasses all my expectations4 ,x has ! p]fection 9 figure ( ! incomp>able #aj in* ( y\rs1 :i* 0 its imm$iate pr$ecessor1 &1 9 grasp ( light1 ! diff]5ce 9 fav\r ( ! #ab in* ov] ! #aj in*1 a mo/ brilliant mirror1 is simply a/\nd+4 ,y may equal ! #ab in*--,i am sure y w1 :5ev] y make "o--b y w n easily beat x4 ,mr4 ,,sadl]1 ! well-kn[n & mo/ accurate obs]v]1 has himself work$ ) x1 & writes ( x to me z foll[s3--8,! #ab 94 is consid]ably sup]ior 9 light grasp+ p[] to ,h#b's #bj ft4 reflector1 & ! figure is a mu* f9] "o40 ,y\r skill & k9dness has plac$ me 9 ! front rank among amateur obs]v]s1 z f> z ! possession ( optical means is conc]n$4 ,i 0 afraid t ! ,g]man ,/& w\ld n prove s conv5i5t z ! 8,b]?on ,eque/rian ,/&10 b ,i f9d x is & f> m s4 ,! ,g]man ,/& is1 = any?+ above #f 941 decid$ly m solid & dep5dable1 & f> simpl] 9 any case4 ,! m]it ( ! 8,b]?on ,eque/rian0 =m is t x requires a small] obs]vatory4 ,v s9c]ely y\rs1 7,sign$47 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,w4 ,s4 ,,franks1 ,esq41 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,,leice/]1 ,augu/ #ai?1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,z ! #aa-a_/d 94 speculum has n[ be5 9 con/ant use = two ye>s1 ,i may be all[$ to express my op9ion1 ) all due delib]ation1 z to its p]=mance4 ,x has be5 tri$ ^u almo/ e conceivable object dur+ t p]iod ) uni=mly good results4 ,hav+ also a #e 94 a*romatic ( ! f9e/ quality1 ,i h be5 enabl$ to make a great numb] ( comp>isons betwe5 ! two in/rum5ts1 m\nt$ side by side3 & = f9e def9ition1 smallness ( /> discs1 & fre$om f *romatism1 ! reflector always came out victori\s4 ,^u fir/ mag4 />s1 no?+ c\ld surpass ! purity ( ! image 9 ! reflector2 b on imm$iately turn+ to ! a*romatic1 ! out/&+ violet rays 7 pa9fully obtrusive4 ,= r$ />s1 :i* are g5]ally small1 ! reflector seems especially adapt$4 ,i us$ to be r sceptical ab\t ! t9ts ( r$ />s1 b mu/ confess1 aft] see+ ! magnific5t t9ts ( sc>let & crimson :i* are %[n by a l>ge ap]ture1 t my d\bts h vani%$4 ,def9ition ^u ! planets1 9 good air1 is simply p]fect4 ,! detail on ,jupit] & ,saturn rem9ds "o ( an exquisite engrav+4 ,! f> di/ant ,neptune is p]fectly def9$ z a t9y disc1 & 8 moon /eadily visible ) ! #aa-a_/d 94 ,! facul & o!r ,sol> detail are br\ght out ) wond]ful di/9ctness4 ,z = ! ,moon1 ! crispness ( def9ition1 abs5ce ( col\r1 & imm5se numb] ( m9ute objects %[n by ! reflector1 leave no?+ to be desir$4 ,! gorge\s views ( clu/]s & nebul3 ! brilliantly cr[d$ fields 9 ! galaxy3 & ! endless v>iety ( /> col\rs & gr\ps are almo/ beyond description1 & mu/ be se5 to be appreciat$4 ,i c\ld fill pages ab\t objects se5 ) ! #aa-a_/d 94 mirror1 b w n occupy m space1 save to ?ank y = hav+ plac$ su* p]fect in/rum5ts )9 ! rea* ( amateurs4 ,y\rs fai?fully1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,w4 ,s4 ,,franks1 ,esq41 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,,leice/]1 ,septemb]1 #ahgh4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,mr4 ,,burnham is und\bt$ly 8facile pr9ceps10 z an obs]v] ( d\ble />s4 ,few m5 c\ld h discov]$ su* difficult objects z he has done ) a #f ,o4,g4 ,p]haps1 x ought to be conc$$ t ! usual =mula = sep>at+ p[]1 requires modification 9 8 case1 z ,pogson's =mula = 8m9ima visible0 did ) ,mr4 ,j4 ,w4 ,,w>d1 ( ,belfa/4 ,apropos ( ?is topic3 d y recollect ,mr4 ,,w>d',s discov]y ( sev]al additional comites to ,pxx #deb ,cygni8 ,"o ( !m ,mr4 ,,burnham only succe$$ 9 see+ ) ! greate/ difficulty ) ! #f ,o4,g4 :5 ! l>ge /> 0 hidd5 by a b>4 ,i c see ?is easily en\gh ) ! #aa-a_/d 94 mirror1 9 pres5ce ( ! bright] />4 ,:5 y h any int5d+ cu/om]s halt+ betwe5 two op9ions1 or 9 any way dubi\s ab\t reflectors--if y w ref] !m to me1 ,i %all h great pleasure 9 giv+ my te/imony4 ,reflectors h be5 v badly us$1 & 9 ju/ice to !m ,i %all n hesitate to express my hone/ conviction :5ev] x is ask$4 ,y\rs s9c]ely1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,philip ,,vallance1 ,esq4 ,,cobb ,,c\rt1 ,augu/ #bd?1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,mr4 ,,calv]1--,i write to ?ank y = ! v excell5t #ab 94 mirror y h work$ = me4 ,y "k t ,i h excell5t opportunities ( te/+ x by ^? ( ,)1 ,bird1 ,grubb1 ,murrell1 & o!rs2 & also = def9ition by a capital #f 94 refractor--& ,i c truly say x is surpass$ by none1 & equall$ by few3 x is q my fav\rite in/rum5t1 & has be5 a s\rce ( mu* enjoym5t ev] s9ce ,i h _h x1 & aga9 ,i ?ank y = work+ me su* a treasure4 ,i am1 de> ,mr4 ,calv]1 ,y\rs v truly1 7,sign$47 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,n4 ,s4 ,,godfrey1 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,,/4 ,,b>?olomew',s ,,vic>age1 ,,s\?sea1 ,augu/ #bcrd1 #ahgi4 ,,my ,,de> ,mr4 ,,calv]1--,! #ab in* mirror :i* y work$ & m\nt$ = me gives me p]fect satisfaction4 ,i ?9k ,i h _h suffici5t exp]i5ce ) telescopes to ju/ify ! expression ( a confid5t op9ion1 z at "o "t or o!r ,i ?9k ,i h _h #ac a*romatic telescopes by ,tulley1 ,dollond1 ,simms1 ,jones1 ,cooke1 & ,murrell1 ( ap]tures v>y+ f #b-a_/d to #g in*es1 besides #e graduat$ in/rum5ts4 ,! "o ,i _h be=e y\rs 0 an #h-a_/h ,)-,br[n+1 :i* ,) himself consid]$ ( z f9e a figure z he c\ld "w1 & x c]ta9ly 0 a beautiful mirror4 ,y\r #ab in* is q z p]fect 9 its def9ition4 ,i h soon on p>ticul>ly f9e ev5+s ,ca/or z two discs1 )\t w+ or ray4 ,i h sep>at$ ) ease ,leonis1 #b ,botis1 ,coron1 #b ,&rom$1 & _m o!rs ( t class4 ,! planets ,jupit] & ,saturn on f9e nights are magnific5t4 ,i c\ld g into m detail1 b ,i ?9k ! facts ,i h m5tion$ are suffici5t to convey an idea ( ! p]=mance ( ! mirror2 & ,i am p>ticul> 9 express+ my op9ion ?us /rongly1 because great names1 ) no exp]i5ce ( reflectors1 are committ$ to _! condemnation4 ,i am c]ta9 t "u fav\rable circum/ances !y are q equal 9 _! p]=mances to refractors4 ,i "k my #h-a_/h ,) 0 9 e way equal to my #g in* ,tr\ghton & ,simms1 & 9 light sup]ior1 :5 newly silv]$4 ,& :5 ! co/ is tak5 into consid]ation1 ,cooke's price ( a #aj in* ,o4,g4 be+ #cij1 )\t m\nt+1 & y\r price = a #aj in* mirror be+ only #be1 ,i c only express my a/oni%m5t t !re c exi/ any d\bt 9 ! sci5tific m9d ^u ! subject4 ,may ,i say t ,i %all be pleas$ to answ] any que/ions t any ( y\r int5d+ pur*as]s may wi% to ask4 ,i _c speak too highly ( y\r mirror4 ,i may add t ?r\gh ! c\rtesy ( its possessor1 ,a4 ,a4 ,,common1 ,esq41 ,i saw ,jupit] magnific5tly la/ ye> 9 ! #cg mirror y work$ = him4 ,i am1 my de> ,mr4 ,calv]1 ,v truly y\rs1 7,sign$47 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,,canon ,,/4 ,,v9c5t ,,bee*ey1 ,f4,b4,a4,s41 c4 ,,hilgay ,,rectory1 ,,d[nham1 ,,norfolk1 ,june #bbnd1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,,calv]1--,i really d n "k h[ to ?ank y en\gh = all ! pleasure y h giv5 me1 & = ! excell5ce ( ! "w y h done = me4 ,i l x m & m6 ,x is really z ne> p]fection z ,i c\ld ev] hope =4 ,ev5 at my old age ( ne>ly eighty1 ,i divide #a second />s l two dots1 & ,i us$ a p[] ( #gjj on my #h foot4 ,:at mirror b ( great excell5ce w\ld be> t p[]1 & give y two dots6 ,i w\ld n "p ) x = any?+4 ,:5 ,i h be5 to ,mr4 ,bruce he is com+ to me1 & we w try y\r #ab aga9/ my #aj4 ,he w h light1 a great ?+ = me1 b ,i d ?9k he _c h bett] def9ition4 ,i hope no?+ w prev5t 8 gett+ ! #ab 9 "t = u to adju/ & try x4 ,my telescope1 n[ complete1 is a gem1 & has giv5 me m pleasure ?an any o!r sci5tific ?+4 ,ev] mo/ s9c]ely y\rs1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,! ,,rev4 ,j4 ,,gwynne ,,hughes1 ,f4,m4,s41 c4 ,,maldon1 ,augu/ #cj?1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,all my fri5ds are greatly pleas$ ) ! #aj 94 reflector y h made me--) its g5]al appe>ance & sup]ior workman%ip4 ,! :eel at ! foot adds v mu* to its portability4 ,?o =m ( its /& is ! be/ ,i h se51 giv+ a complete sweep )\t any fre% adju/m5t4 ,! cell be>+ ! reflector drops into its place )\t any difficulty1 ev5 9 ! d>k4 ,! trials ,i h made ( ! in/rum5t h reveal$ a cle>ness & %>pness ( def9ition f> sup]ior to any?+ ( ! k9d ,i _h se5 be=e4 ,i am indebt$ to y = a s\rce ( b\ndless sci5tific int]e/ at v mod]ate exp5se4 ,) be/ wi%es1 ,i rema91 de> ,sir1 ,y\rs s9c]ely1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,walt] ,,goodacre1 ,esq4 ,,sev5 ,,si/]s ,,road1 ,may1 #ahgi4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,respect+ ! #e-a_/d 941 ,i am v mu* pleas$ ) x2 ! def9ition is v good4 ,z a pro( ( ! excell5ce ( ! mirror1 ,i may m5tion t ,i h on sev]al occasions se5 ! small crat] on ! floor ( ,helicon1 giv5 by ,,webb z a te/ = a #i 94 mirror4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 7,ano!r ,lett] f ! same ,g5tleman47 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,rev4 ,n4 ,s4 ,,godfrey1 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,octob] #d?1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h be5 able to get to use my telescope aga91 & s5d y "s ( my see+s4 ,june #ag?4-- ,h]culis4 ,/ill night1 #aj p4m41 light haze4 ,discs beautifully small4 ,occasionally )\t any int]f]5ce r+4 ,july #ah?4-- ,h]culis4 ,beautifully se51 p[] #dif1 ,cooke4 ,augu/ #af?4--,well se54 #f4ae p4m41 daylight4 ,augu/ #bf?4-- ,cygni4 ,mi/y4 ,adju/m5t beautiful4 ,small /> well se54 ,cassiope4 ,d\ble blue /> well divid$4 ,augu/ #bg?4-- ,h]culis4 ,bo? />s occasionally )\t ray or r+4 ,two brilliant dots4 ,col\r ( companion1 pale lilac4 ,full ap]ture4 ,p[] #bjg1 ,cooke4 #f p4m4 ,augu/ #cj?4--,dumb bell nebula4 ,well se54 ,n at all regul> 9 outl9e1 z giv5 by ,h4 ,sev]al glimpse />s4 ,septemb] #bd?4-- ,h]culis4 ,v f9e def9ition4 ,! difficulty ) ?is /> is cle>ly atmosph]ic4 ,i saw x well ) #h 94 ap]ture1 p[] #bjg3 b ! int]f]5ce r+ became ?ick] & cont9u\s all r\nd3 probably ow+ to ! l>g] size ( my diagonal prism1 ne>ly #b-a_/b 94 ,! planets are n[ aga9 simply magnific5t4 ,all ! usual details ,i see spl5didly ) full ap]ture ( #ab 941 & z %>p z if cut out ) a p5knife4 ,! great r$ spot is a wond]ful ph5om5on4 ,:at is x8 ,! great nebula 9 ,&rom$a1 se5 ?r\gh y\r f9e nebula p[] is a my/]i\s sight4 ,y seem to be look+ at some?+ :i* eludes y\r vision 7except ! nucleus72 y see x1 & yet1 gho/-l1 y see ?r\gh x4 ,i long = ! great nebula 9 ,orion4 ,i did n see x la/ ye> on acc\nt ( illness4 ,believe me1 ,my de> ,mr4 ,calv]1 ,v truly y\rs1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,t4 ,,hild]sley1 ,esq4 #cc1 ,,b]wick ,,/reet1 ,w41 ,septemb] #i?1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,i am v pleas$ to be able to tell y t ,i h got ! #h-a_/b 94 mirror into v fair adju/m5t--only a slight fl>e on "o side1 :i* ,i c\ld correct if cl\ds _h n come up1 & ,i h n _h a *ance s9ce1 z my "t is v limit$4 ,z x 01 comes to ,wega came out f9e2 also debilissima1 ,botis1 #b ,botis1 0 well se54 ,/ops made little improvem5t4 ,nebula 9 ,&rom$a v f9e1 bo? l>ge & small4 ,clu/]s 9 ,h]cules well resolv$1 & ,jupit] & ,saturn1 ?\gh l[ d[n1 7 gr&2 all is cle> ) any p[] or ap]ture4 ,y\rs truly1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,rev4 ,e4 ,a4 ,,fi%b\rne1 ,m4,a4 ,,m9or ,,canonries1 ,,ll&aff1 ,octob] #d?1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i s5d y my *eque1 :i* ,i d ) ! greate/ pleasure4 ,i am delight$ )1 ! telescope & ) its capabilities4 ,fai?fully y\rs1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,walt] ,,goodacre1 ,esq4 ,,london1 ,n41 ,septemb] #f?1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,! #h-a_/b 94 mirror :i* y suppli$ me ) dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ! ye>1 ,i h rec5tly m\nt$ z a simple equatorial4 ,& al?\gh ,i h _h b few opportunities at pres5t ( us+ ! same1 !y h be5 suffici5tly num]\s to prove1 beyond d\bt1 ! great excell5ce ( ! mirror4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! #crd ,septemb]1 ,i _h "s beautiful views ( ,jupit] & ,saturn4 ,9 ! =m] ! deep copp]y hue ( ! equatorial belts1 & ( ! l>ge spot1 at pres5t visible on 8 s\!rn hemisph]e1 7 /rik+ly conspicu\s1 z 7 _m m9ute details ( 8 surface4 ,9 ! case ( ,saturn1 ! gradations ( light on ! r+s1 & ! delicately t9t$ belts on ! planet itself1 also ! %>ply def9$ %ad[ ( ! planet on ! r+s 7 easily se54 ,its def9ition ( ! mo/ m9ute portions ( ! moon's surface1 leaves no?+ to be desir$1 :il/ its p]=mance on d\ble />s is equally satisfactory4 ,y\rs fai?fully1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,g4 ,w4 ,,roy/on ,,pigott1 ,esq41 ,m4,d41 ,f4,r4,s41 ,f4,r4,a4,s41 c4 ,,ea/b\rne1 ,octob] #d?1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,,sir1--,y\r figur+ ( ! #h-a_/b 94 mirror has giv5 me mu* satisfaction4 ,i see #a #b ,lyr1 & su* />s1 ) #fjj1 v %>p & cle>4 ,i h c\nt$ six satellites ( ,saturn1 & ! equatorial belt is v di/9ct4 ,la/ week ,i happ5$ to obs]ve ,jupit]1 :5 a black %ad[ ( a satellite 0 beautifully not*+ ! limb1 at ! same "t a small pe>l-l satellite 0 ab\t to egress f ! belts4 ,i saw1 also1 six sph]ical cl\dlets on ! belts4 ,y\rs fai?fully1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f ,,rev4 ,s4 ,,mills1 ,m4,a4 ,,droylsd51 ,septemb] #d?1 #ahhj4 ,,de> ,mr4 ,,calv]1--,to-night 0 an exceptional f9e night = ! />s1 ! l ( :i* ,i h n _h s9ce ,i got y\r #f-a_/b 94 ,i _h = a week or s be5 obs]v+ ) my home-made #h 941 b to-night aga9 recurr$ to y\rs1 & its sup]iority 0 all ! m conspicu\s & gratify+4 ,x q delight$ me afre%6 ,look+ at ,cygni1 ,i pick$ up two1 to me1 new />s1 :i* ,i ?9k fully completes ,mr4 ,,sadl]',s te/s 9 ?is field4 ,i m>k ! newly f\nd ones 9 r$4 ,?is only %[s t "o has only pati5tly to wat* & wait = a suitable obs]v+ night to get "o out ( a c]ta9 ap]ture x is capable ( %[+4 ,! va/ sup]iority ( y\r #f-a_/b 94 has q put my #h in* out ( c\rt66 ,y\rs fai?fully1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 7,f ! same ,g5tleman47 ,,droylsd5 ,,rectory1 ,,man*e/]1 ,july #cj?1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i c sc>cely express to y ! pleasure ,i h _h 9 ! use ( y\r spl5did #f-a_/b 94 mirror4 ,bo? 9 light grasp+ p[]1 & 9 ! sep>ation ( close d\ble />s1 x has f> surpass$ my highe/ expectations1 & q remov$ ! prejudice ,i ent]ta9$ aga9/ reflectors4 ,?\gh possess+ a fir/-class #d-a_/d 94 refractor1 equatorially m\nt$ 9 my obs]vatory1 ,i n[ use y\r mirror 9 pref]5ce1 9 ! m difficult & delicate obs]vations1 & ) x am able to ma/] ! mo/ sev]e te/s giv5 = #f-a_/b 94 ap]ture4 ,i w\ld n be )\t "o ( y\r f9ely figur$ mirrors1 n[ t ,i h te/$ _! m]its1 = any consid]ation4 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 99 99 99 99 99 7,f ! same ,g5tleman47 ,,! ,,rectory1 ,,droylsd51 ,octob] #d?1 #ahhj4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i h giv5 y\r #h-a_/b 94 mirror "o night's trial1 & x has greatly pleas$ me4 ,its resolution ( ! great clu/] 9 ,h]cules 0 truly magnific5t1 & ! cle>ness ) :i* x br\ght out />s v difficult ) #f-a_/b 94 0 highly gratify+4 ,i hope to turn x to v good acc\nt4 ,y\rs fai?fully1 7,sign$47 ,mr4 ,g4 ,,calv]4 ,illu/ration3 7,,fig4 #a47 ,illu/ration3 7,,fig4 #b47 ,illu/ration3 7,,fig4 #c47 ,pr9t]s3 ,,w>r5 ,,hall ,,lovitt1 #hh1 ,camd5 ,road1 ,london4 ,n4,w4 ,,transcrib]'s ,,note3 ,! con/elation ,botis also appe>s 9 ! orig9al spelt z ,bootis & ,botis ^! h all be5 correct$ to ,botis )\t be+ not$ bel[4 ,also v>iations 9 hyph5ation rema9 un*ang$4 ,! foll[+ typos are correct$ 9 ?is e-text & are %[n )9 ! text z ,orig9al ,replac$ by ,page #d ,_m ( ! speculas ,_m ( ! specula ,page #g on ! pit* or ! pit* ,page #bd & proce$ & proce$4 ,page #bh kept is glass kept 9 glass ,page #ca ,see p4 #bg1 ,fig4 #d ,see p4 #bj1 ,fig4 #d ,page #ci 7prices = #h-a_/b !n #f-a_/b7 7prices = #f-a_/b !n #h-a_/b7 7app5dix7 ,page #ad ,rev4 ,w4 ,p4 ,,mat!ws ,,rev4 ,w4 ,p4 ,,mat!ws ,page #bd 7a #aj 94 ,alt ,azimu?4 7a #aj 94 ,alt ,azimu?74 ,page #cb ,rev4 ,e4 ,a4 ,,fi%b\rne1 ,m4,a4 ,,rev4 ,e4 ,a4 ,,fi%b\rne1 ,m4,a4