,,! ,,analogy ,,( ,,religion1 ,,to ,,! ,con/itution & ,c\rse ( ,nature4 ,,to ,,:i* ,,are ,,add$ ,,two ,,brief ,,diss]tations3 ,i4 ,,on ,,p]sonal ,,id5tity4--,,ii4 ,,on ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,virtue4 ,,by ,,joseph ,,butl]1 ,d4,c4,l4 ,ejus ,analogi hc vis e/1 ut id quod dubium e/ ad aliquid simile1 de quo non quritur ref]at ut inc]ta c]tis probet4--,,qu9til4 l4 i4 c4 #f4 ,,) ,,an ,,introduction1 ,,notes1 ,,conspectus1 ,,& ,,ample ,,index1 ,,by ,,h[>d ,,malcom1 ,d4,d4 ,,presid5t ,,( ,,! ,,univ]sity1 ,,lewisburg1 ,,p5nsylvania4 ,,sev5te5? ,,edition4 ,,philadelphia3 ,j4 ,b4 ,,lipp9cott ,,co4 #ahgc4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #aheg1 by ,j4 ,b4 ,,lipp9cott ,,co4 9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 & = ! ,ea/]n ,di/rict ( ,p5nsylvania4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,,editor',s ,,introduction #e 0 ,,preface #ai 0 ,,conspectus #ba ,,au?or',s ,,adv]tisem5t #ff 0 ,,introduction #fg ,,"p ,i4 ,,( ,,natural ,,religion4 ,,*ap4 ,i4--,a ,future ,life #gg ,,*ap4 ,,ii4--,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,god by ,rew>ds & ,puni%m5ts #ie ,,*ap4 ,,iii4--,! ,moral ,gov]nm5t ( ,god #aje ,,*ap4 ,,iv4--,probation1 z imply+ ,trial1 ,difficulties1 & ,dang] #abh ,,*ap4 ,v4--,probation1 z int5d$ = ,moral ,discipl9e & ,improvem5t #acf ,,*ap4 ,,vi4--,! ,op9ion ( ,necessity1 consid]$ z influ5c+ ,practice #aeg ,,*ap4 ,,vii4--,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,god1 consid]$ z a ,s*eme or ,con/itution1 imp]fectly compreh5d$ #aga ,,conclusion #ahj ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,( ,,reveal$ ,,religion4 ,,*ap4 ,i4--,! ,importance ( ,*ri/ianity #ahf ,,*ap4 ,,ii4--,! suppos$ ,presumption aga9/ a ,revelation1 consid]$ z miracul\s #bjb ,,*ap4 ,,iii4--,our ,incapacity ( judg+1 :at 7 to be expect$ 9 a ,revelation2 & ! ,cr$ibility1 f ,analogy1 t x mu/ conta9 ?+s appe>+ liable to ,objections #bji ,,*ap4 ,,iv4--,*ri/ianity1 consid]$ z a ,s*eme or ,con/itution1 imp]fectly compreh5d$ #bbc ,,*ap4 ,v4--,! ,p>ticul> ,sy/em ( ,*ri/ianity2 ! ,appo9tm5t ( a ,m$iator1 & ! ,r$emption ( ! ,_w by him #bcj ,,*ap4 ,,vi4--,want ( ,univ]sality 9 ,revelation2 & ( ! suppos$ ,defici5cy 9 ! ,pro( ( x #bdg ,,*ap4 ,,vii4--,! ,p>ticul> ,evid5ce = ,*ri/ianity #bfc ,,*ap4 ,,viii4--,objections aga9/ argu+ f ! ,analogy ( ,nature to ,religion #bif ,,conclusion #cjf ,,diss]tations4 ,,diss]tation ,i4--,p]sonal ,id5tity #cag ,,diss]tation ,,ii4--,! ,nature ( ,virtue #cbd ,,index ,,to ,,"p ,i #ccc ,,index ,,to ,,"p ,,ii #cdc ,editor's ,introduction ,,joseph ,,butl] 0 born at ,wantage1 ,engl&1 ,may #ah?1 #afib1 ! y\nge/ ( eight *ildr54 ,! biographies ( t day 7 few & meagre2 & 9 few cases is ?is s mu* to be regrett$ z 9 ,butl]'s4 ,x w\ld h be5 bo? int]e/+ & pr(itable to trace ! developm5t & occupations ( "o ( ! mightie/ ( human m9ds4 ,b no cotempor>y ga!r$ up ! incid5ts ( 8 life1 & n[ all ef=ts to elicit !m h be5 )\t success4 ,8 fa!r 0 a prosp]\s dry-goods m]*ant1 :o1 at ! "t ( 8 son's bir?1 _h retir$ f bus9ess ) a compet5cy1 & resid$ 9 a suburban mansion call$ 8,! ,priory10 /ill 9 exi/5ce4 ,be+ a non-con=mi/1 he educat$ ,joseph at a 8diss5t+0 academy at ,gl\ce/]1 "u ,,samuel ,,jones1 a g5tleman ( great ability1 & a skilful in/ructor1 :o rais$ up "s ( ! greate/ m5 ( _! day4#a ,x 0 :ile a memb] ( ?is academy1 & ab\t ! age ( tw5ty-"o1 t ,butl] disclos$ to ! _w 8 wond]ful p[] ( ab/ract reason+1 9 8 fam\s correspond5ce ) ,samuel ,cl>ke1 9 relation to t em95t au?or's 8,demon/ration ( ! ,be+ & ,attributes ( ,god40 ,?is correspond5ce is n[ g5]ally ins]t$ at ! end ( t "w4 ,mr4 ,butl] hav+ delib]ately adopt$ ,episcopal views1 & resolv$ to unite himself ) ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*1 8 fa!r1 ) praisewor?y lib]ality1 s5t him to ,ox=d1 :]e he ent]$ ,oriel ,college1 ,m>*1 #agad4 ,( 8 college life !re is no acc\nt2 nor ( ! "t & place ( 8 ord9ation4 ,he remov$ to ,london 9 #agah1 on receiv+ ! appo9tm5t ( 8,prea*] at ! ,rolls40 ,8 fam\s ,fifte5 ,s]mons 7 prea*$ 9 t *apel1 & publi%$ be=e resign+ ! place1 ) a d$ication to ,sir ,joseph ,jekyl1 8z a p>t+ m>k ( gratitude = ! favors receiv$ dur+ 8 connection ) t le>n$ society40 ,"o ( ,butl]'s w>me/ college fri5ds 0 ,edw>d ,talbot second son ( a cl]gyman :o aft]w>ds became ,bi%op ( ,durham4 ,?is admirable "y man di$ ( smallpox2 9 8 la/ h\rs recomm5d+ ,butl] to 8 fa!r's patronage2 & sc>cely _h t g5tleman atta9$ ! see ( ,durham1 be=e he gave ,mr4 ,b4 ! liv+ ( ,haughton1 f :5ce he transf]r$ him1 9 #agbe1 to ! ri*] b5efice ( ,/anhope4 ,on receiv+ ?is honorable & lucrative appo9tm5t1 he resign$ ! ,lecture%ip at ! ,rolls1 & 9 ! autumn ( #agbf retir$ to 8 beautiful resid5ce at ,/anhope4 ,"h1 )\t a family to occupy 8 "t1 he devot$ himself to 8 great "w1 ! ,analogy3 us+ horseback ex]cise1 see+ little company1 liv+ ab/emi\sly & c>+ = 8 flock4 ,sev5 ye>s ?us roll$ away2 :5 to draw him f :at seem$ to 8 fri5ds too great retirem5t & application1 ,"l-,*ancellor ,talbot made him 8 *apla91 & aft]w>ds1 9 #agcf1 gave him a preb5d's /all 9 ,ro*e/]4 ,9 #agcf1 ,butl] be+ n[ =ty-f\r1 ,c>ol9e1 consort ( ,george ,,ii41 appo9t$ him 8,cl]k ( ! ,closet10 an (fice :i* m]ely requir$ 8 att5dance at ! ,que5's ap>tm5ts e ev5+1 f sev5 to n9e4 ,be+ n[ 9 ,london1 conv5i5t to ! press1 & enjoy+ bo? leisure & compet5cy1 he publi%$ 8 immortal ,,analogy--! *]i%$ "w ( 8 life4 ,! ,que5 0 delight$ ) ! book1 & made h]self ma/] ( its glori\s array ( reason+4 ,b %e di$ ! same ye>1 & he lo/ n only a patroness1 b a fri5d4 ,he return$ to 8 b5efice at ,/anhope1 ! income ( :i* _h be5 held dur+ 8 resid5ce 9 ,london4 ,on h] dea?-b$1 ! ,que5 _h urg$ h] husb& to promote h] honor$ *apla9 to a bi%opric2 & next ye>1 ! see ( ,norwi* becom+ vacant1 ! ,bi%op ( ,bri/ol 0 translat$ to x1 & ! see ( ,bri/ol giv5 to ,butl]4 ,bri/ol 0 ! poore/ bi%opric 9 ,engl&1 its emolum5ts be+ b #b1jjj p] annum2 less ?an ^? ( ! rector%ip ( ,/anhope4 ,butl] di/9ctly disclos$ 8 disappo9tm5t 9 8 lett] to ! m9i/] ,walpole1 accept+ ! position2 & decl>$ t he did n ?9k x 8v suitable to ! condition ( 8 =tune1 nor answ]able to ! recomm5dation ) :i* he 0 honor$40 ,! k+ 0 n displeas$ at ?is c&or1 & 9 #agdj improv$ 8 income by giv+ him1 9 addition to 8 bi%opric1 ! pr(itable & influ5tial (fice ( ,dean ( ,/4 ,paul's4 ,butl]1 :o _h reta9$ ! liv+ ( ,/anhope along ) 8 bi%opric1 n[ resign$ t rector%ip4 8,! ri* rev5ues10 says ,pr(essor ,fitzg]ald1 8( ! ,dean]y ( ,/4 ,paul1 enabl$ him to gratify 8 ta/e at ,bri/ol40 ,he exp5d$ ab\t #be1jjj 9 improv+ & beautify+ ! episcopal resid5ce & g>d5s4 ,he fo/]$ useful *>ities1 & employ$ 8 weal? = o!rs r ?an = himself4 ,9 #agej1 ^u ! dea? ( ,dr4 ,edw>d ,*&l]1 ,bi%op ( ,durham1 ,butl] 0 promot$ to t see1 ! mo/ honorable & lucrative 9 ,engl&4 ,he _h be=e be5 (f]$ ! ,primacy1 on ! dea? ( ,ar*bi%op ,pott]1 b decl9$ x1 ) ! rem>k t 8x 0 too late = him to try to support a fall+ *ur*40 ,on assum+ 8 diocese at ,durham1 ,butl] deliv]$ & publi%$ 8 fam\s ,*>ge to ! ,cl]gy1 ^u 8,! ,use & ,importance ( ,ext]nal ,religion40 ,he 0 at once assail$ vigor\sly1 9 pamphlets & pap]s1 by ,ar*deacon ,blackburn1 ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,l9dsay1 & o!rs1 on ! *>ge ( ,pop]y2 an imputation :i* is /ill sometimes ca/ ^u him1 & :i* f9ds "s sl5d] support 9 8 sett+ up a m>ble cross ov] ! communion-table at ,bri/ol4 ,t he nev] 0 a ,papi/1 is n[ s evid5t1 t we c acc\nt = ! imputation only by ! /rong jeal\sy ( ! ,romi% ,*ur* !n preval5t4 ,butl] n[ became /ill m munific5t4 ,8 private *>ities 7 exce$+ly g5]\s1 & 8 public ones seem$ sometimes to bord] on extravagance4 ,he gave #b1jjj a ye> to ! c\nty hospital1 & (t5 gave away ?\s&s ( doll>s at a "t4 ,b ?\gh q lavi% 9 build+s & ornam5ts1 z well z 9 b5evol5ce1 he 0 rem>kably frugal 9 8 p]sonal exp5ses4 ,x is said ( him1 by ,rev4 ,john ,newton1 t on "o occasion1 :5 a di/+ui%$ visitor d9$ ) him by appo9tm5t1 ! provision consi/$ ( a s+le jo9t ( meat1 & a pudd+4 ,! bi%op rem>k$ to 8 gue/ on t occasion1 t he 8_h long be5 disgu/$ ) ! fa%ionable exp5se ( "t & money 9 ent]ta9m5ts1 & 0 det]m9$ t x %\ld receive no c\nt5ance f 8 example40 ,( 8 amusem5ts we "k little except t he took mu* horseback ex]cise1 & (t5 employ$ 8 secret>y1 ,mr4 ,emms1 to play = him on ! organ4 ,butl] held ! see ( ,durham less ?an two ye>s4 ,symptoms ( g5]al physical decay betray$ !mselves ab\t ! "t ( 8 promotion1 & 9 spite ( all t skill & affection c\ld prompt1 he sunk to re/ ,june #af?1 #ageb1 ag$ sixty4 ,he 0 nev] m>ri$4 ,a consid]able numb] ( 8 s]mons & *>ges h be5 pr9t$1 b are too philosophical to be g5]ally read4 ,8 great "w is ! ,analogy1 publi%$ 9 #agcf1 & f t day read & admir$ by e highly-cultivat$ m9d4 ,he 0 induc$ to write by a /ate ( ?+s v rem>kable 9 ! hi/ory ( religion4 ,debau*]y & infidelity 7 almo/ univ]sal1 n 9 any "o class ( society b 9 all4 ,engl& _h rea*$ ! culm9at+ po9t ( irreligion1 & ! firm re-e/abli%m5t ( ,episcopacy _h z yet done no?+ to m5d ! nation's morals4 ,piety 0 deem$ a m>k ( ignorance & vulg>ity1 & multitudes ( ^? :o pr(ess$ x 7 p]secut$ to dungeons & dea?4 ,infidel writ]s1 w>m$ into life by c\rt corruption1 became m num]\s & audaci\s ?an ev] be=e4 ,_! me?ods ( attack+ ,*ri/ianity 7 v>i\s2 b ! mo/ successful !n1 z always1 0 to impugn c]ta9 doctr9es & decl>ations ( ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures1 z irrational1 & h5ce reject ! :ole4 ,!y g5]ally admitt$ ! ,be+ & p]fection ( ,god1 & extoll$ ! suffici5cy ( natural religion2 b d5i$ any revelation1 or any necessity = "o4 ,! v]dict ( ! _w 0 t ! ,bible is n au!ntic1 t man is n acc\ntable1 nor ev5 probably immortal1 t ,god nei!r rew>ds nor puni%es1 & t pres5t indulg5ce1 z f> z our nature admits1 is bo? wise & safe4 ,bi%op ,d[nam1#b "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ ( ! cl]gy1 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury writes ?us3 8,9 ^! times1 if a man d b labor to keep a good consci5ce1 ?\gh he m$dle n ) matt]s ( /ate1 if he make consci5ce ( swe>+1 sanctify ! ,sabba?1 frequ5t s]mons1 or ab/a9 f ! common corruptions ( ! times1 he %all /raightway be condemn$ = a puritan1 & be less favor$ ?an ei!r a c>nal gospell]1 or a close ,papi/40 ,x 0 consid]$ settl$1 especially 9 polite circles1 t ,*ri/ianity1 aft] s long a preval5ce1 _h be5 f\nd out to be an impo/ure4 ,! cl]gy1 z a body1 did no?+ to dispel ?is moral gloom1 b r increas$ x by _! viol5t & sc&al\s conduct4 ,9 ! sad language ( ,bi%op ,w>burton1 8,religion _h lo/ its hold on ! m9ds ( ! p40 ,he adds ) great po9t1 8,?\gh a rule ( "r may direct ! philosoph] to a pr9ciple ( action2 & ! po9t ( honor may keep up ! ?+ call$ mann]s1 among g5tlem53 yet no?+ b religion c ev] fix a sob] /&>d ( behavior among ! common p40 ,ev5 ! univ]sities 7 on ! side ( irreligion2 = pr(essor%ips1 z well z pulpits1 7 giv5 to m51 n = positive wor? & fitness1 b = possess+ qualities !n mo/ 9 vogue ) ^? :o held ! appo9t+ p[]4 ,su* 7 ! try+ times :i* _h driv5 our pilgrim fa!rs to seek a home amid ! wilds ( an unexplor$ cont95t1 & to face ! dang]s ( sea & savage4 ,x mu/ ev] be reg>d$ z among ! highe/ in/ances ( ,god's br++ good out ( evil1 t ?is outrage\s rampancy ( infidelity br\ght out a ho/ ( *ampions = ! tru? ( ,8 ^w2 :o boldly met ! odium ( disciple%ip1 & wag$ battle 9 su* /yle t ! ,dei/ical controv]sy 0 settl$ =ev]4 ,nev] 0 a dispute m det]m9$ on bo? sides1 & nev] 0 victory m complete4 ,lit]>y infidelity n only recoil$1 b 0 r\t$2 & c nev] aga9 prevail4 ,h5ce=?1 no s*ol> w ev] treat ! evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity z a subject ( ridicule or contempt4 ,:5 we contra/ ! /up5d\s le>n+1 & p[]ful logic1 ( ! ,*ri/ian writ]s ( t c5tury1 ) ! sup]ficial & almo/ contemptible productions ( ! writ]s aga9/ :om !y cont5d$1 we are tempt$ to wond] :y su* p[] %\ld be requisite to ov]?r[ su* weakness4 ,b we mu/ rememb]1 t frail logic & %all[ consid]ations1 w p]suade m5 to indulge _! vices2 :ile ! s\nde/ reason+s & ! mo/ impressive inducem5ts1 ) difficulty lead !m to self-re/ra9t & true hol9ess4 ,! infidel writ]s ( t day h sunk into su* oblivion t _! works are n[ seldom f\nd b 9 great libr>ies2 & ev5 well-educat$ p]sons sc>cely "k m ( !m ?an _! names4 ,yet s p]fectly did _! pr9ciples accord ) ! temp] ( ! times & ! univ]sal depravity ( ! c>nal he>t1 t !y enjoy$ ! highe/ popul>ity ) all classes4 ,=ev] honor$ be ! names ( t noble b&1 :o1 9 face ( su* odds1 e/abli%$ ! au?ority ( ! ,bible1 & left ! advocates ( a!ism & immorality )\t a lurk+-place4#c ,9 ?is noble cohort ,butl] /&s conspicu\s3 & to him1 ,i ?9k1 m ?an to all ! o!rs1 is to be attribut$ ! sudd5 & total ov]?r[ ( infidelity1 :5 x 0 9 its glory4 ,z a metaphysician1 few h equall$ him4 ,:at he add$ to ! sci5ce1 has ev] s9ce rema9$ a "p ( x1 :i* c be said ( sc>cely ano!r4 ,he advanc$ m t 0 new1 =tifi$ old positions m ably1 & appli$ speculation to religion m usefully ?an any be=e him4 ,our language furni%es no pr(\nd] ?9k+4 ,m]ely to und]/& him is an honorable di/9ction1 & requires no small previ\s tra9+ ( ! p[] ( att5tion4 ,z a polemic1 he is ke51 sagaci\s1 c&id1 pati5t1 p]sev]+1 calm1 inv5tive1 & pr(\nd3 e page indicates t repose ( m9d1 :i* belongs only to true greatness1 comb9$ ) a full k ( ! subject4 ,s f> z ,i am able to judge1 he nev] presses a consid]ation beyond its j limits1 & seldom introduces an illu/ration :i* has n ! =ce ( an argum5t4 ,fallacies he seems to aboli% at a t\*4 ,! ,analogy employ$ mu* ( 8 life4 ,x 0 begun 9 8 tw5tie? ye>1 b 0 n publi%$ till he 0 =ty-five4 ,su* a mode ( writ+ nev] makes l>ge books1 = ! matt]1 con/antly revis$1 becomes con/antly cond5s$4 ,! ,analogy is s cond5s$1 z t to make a satisfactory synopsis is sc>cely practicable4 ,h5ce1 ?\gh my ,conspectus & notes h aid$ my pupils to und]/& & rememb] ! argum5t1 !y d n 9 any measure obviate ! necessity ( /udy+ ! book itself4 ,if !y d n increase ! numb] ( ^? :o %all /udi\sly p]use ! book itself1 my aim & expectations w be disappo9t$4 ,to ?is "w no reply has ev] be5 attempt$6 ,ext5sive z is its diffusion1 & great z is its ackn[l$g$ influ5ce1 infidelity has _h ! highe/ inducem5ts to attempt to set x aside4 ,writt5 = a pres5t purpose1 & mo/ signally accompli%+ x1 x is yet s writt5 z to endure1 9 full value1 ?r\gh all com+ "t4 ,x is und\bt$ly 8! mo/ orig9al & ! mo/ pr(\nd "w extant1 9 any language1 on ! philosophy ( religion10#d 8! mo/ argum5tative & philosophical def5ce ( ,*ri/ianity ev] submitt$ to ! _w40#e ,writ]s 9 def5ce ( ,*ri/ianity _h1 be=e ,butl]1 amply discuss$ ! sev]al dep>tm5ts ( evid5ces2 b /ill !re rema9$ objections4 ,! /ructure ( ! globe1 ! c\rse ( nature1 ! organization ( animals1 c4 7 affirm$ to contradict revelation4 ,its doctr9es & duties1 moreov]1 7 pron\nc$ inconsi/5t ) s\nd reason4 ,butl] repeats none ( ! old argum5ts1 b conf9es himself to ! %[+ t ! decl>ations ( revelation are 9 p]fect h>mony ) facts se5 daily 9 ! _w1 & :i* all admit4 ,t ! _w might n h be5 ord]$ & gov]n$ o!rwise1 he does n *oose to dispute4 ,tak+ ?+s z !y are1 & closely /udy+ ! connection betwe5 "o ?+ & ano!r1 we ought to inquire :at c\rse ( action on our "p1 w con=m to ! ne$s ( su* a nature & su* circum/ances4 ,our bodies are con/ruct$ ( p>ts1 all adapt$ to ea* o!r1 & also to "o g5]al end4 ,s too1 our s\ls4 ,& ! two toge!r h relations & adaptations1 :i* may1 to "s ext5t at lea/1 indicate :at is design$ to be ! g5]al end ( our exi/5ce4 ,if ,*ri/ianity befits ^! sev]al p>ts ( our mix$ nature & _! obvi\s uses1 !n !re is no?+ incongru\s betwe5 ! two2 & no objections aga9/ ,*ri/ianity c be drawn f ! c\rse ( nature4 ,on ! contr>y1 all seems to be gov]n$ z ! gospel decl>es x is1 & %[s t ! ,au?or ( man & ! ,au?or ( ! ,bible is ! same4 ,?is is /ill m impressive :5 we consid] t we h a moral faculty2 = x is ! v object & bus9ess ( ?is faculty to deal ) "r & wrong1 good & evil2 ! facts & magnitudes ( :i* are obvi\s 9 ! c\rse ( nature4 ,if ,*ri/ianity does1 9 an especial mann]1 befit ?is faculty1 if x is adapt$ to promote our g5]al rectitude & happ9ess1 & if x conta9s no pr9ciple :i* is n disc]nible 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! visible _w1 !n !re is no discrepancy betwe5 ,*ri/ianity & ,provid5ce4 ,?is is ,butl]'s position4 ,he conf9es himself to prov+ su* an analogy betwe5 revelation & ! daily c\rse ( ?+s1 z t no?+ kn[n 9 ! univ]se c be (f]$ 9 dispro( ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! mode ( w>f>e 0 new4 ,)\t pr(ess+ to prove ,*ri/ianity to be true1 he demon/rates t x _c be prov$ to be false2 & t if x be ev5 probable1 ! rejection ( x is a gross folly & a trem5d\s haz>d4 ,e objection aga9/ x he proves to be equally =cible aga9/ facts :i* con/antly occur1 & :i* all admit1 ?\gh none pr(ess to und]/&4 ,?us leav+ ! ramp>ts ( ! *ur* to be gu>d$ by ! mighty m5 :o _h valiantly ma9ta9$ its def5ce1 he quietly walk$ out into ! camp ( ! enemy1 & spik$ e gun6 ,x has be5 said t ! :ole argum5t ( ! 8,analogy0 seems to be built on ,ecclesia/icus xlii4 #bd3 8,all ?+s are d\ble1 "o aga9/ ! o!r1 & ,god ha? made no?+ imp]fect40 ,if x be s1 x involves no disp>agem5t to h receiv$ ?us ! sem9al idea ( ?is immortal "w4 ,:o else has s glori\sly disc]n$ & exp&$ ! pr(\nd philosophy ( ! son ( ,sirac8 ,o!rs h utt]$ s5tim5ts :i* seem to involve ! :ole exposition ( ,butl]4 ,orig5 affirms t 8he :o believes ! ,scripture to h proce$$ f ,him :o is ! ,au?or ( nature1 may well expect to f9d ! same sort ( difficulties 9 x1 z are f\nd 9 nature40 ,%all we assign to ,orig5 ! :ole cr$it ( ! 8,analogy08 ,z well might we be/[ all our admiration = ! delightful pap]s ( ,addison1 9 ! ,spectator1 to ! classical au?ors f :om he select$ appropriate mottoes6 ,by su* a rule1 ! entire m]it ( ?is mo/ ,*ri/ian "w ( ,butl] %\ld be attribut$ to ! pagan ,qu9tilian1 f :om he d]ives ! motto :i* s appropriately graces 8 title-page4 ,a rapid sket* ( ! outl9e ( ! argum5t w aid ! /ud5t at 8 outset4 ,he beg9s by tak+ = grant$ ! exi/5ce ( an intellig5t ,au?or & ,gov]nor ( ! univ]se4 ,!n1 f ! conditions & *anges obs]v$ 9 ! visible _w1 he argues ! folly ( object+ to revelation on acc\nt ( doctr9es :i* d b decl>e ! same g5]al laws & ! same pr9ciples ( gov]nm5t4 ,t !re is ?is h>mony1 he proves2 & h5ce ! probability t ! same sort ( gov]nm5t w prevail h]eaft]1 :i* prevails n[4 ,he demon/rates t man is "u exactly su* a probation 9 ?is _w1 & z to ?is _w1 z revelation affirms him to be "u1 z to ! next2 & t emb>rassm5ts produc$ by ! doctr9e ( necessity1 involve nature no less ?an religion4 ,he !n ev9ces ! ne$ t man %\ld be plac$ 9 a /ate ( tra9+ & trial1 if he is ev] to be qualifi$ = bett] conditions2 & t ?is _w1 z n[ gov]n$1 is exactly adapt$ to give t tra9+1 & to produce su* a "* z w insure happ9ess "u any possible cont+5cies4 ,?is is ! argum5t ( ,"p ,i4 ,proce$+ to exam9e ,*ri/ianity1 he discusses its importance1 its pro(s1 ! unavoidabl5ess ( its conta9+ /range ?+s1 ! absurdity ( expect+ fully to compreh5d its /atem5ts1 & ! abundance ( its evid5ce = c&id m9ds1 ?\gh !y are n1 & ought n to be1 irresi/ible4 ,he answ]s n only ! objections to ,*ri/ianity1 b ! objections aga9/ its pro(s2 :i* he %[s are v diff]5t ?+s4 ,?\gh he keeps rigidly to ! refutation ( objections1 & n[h]e m$dles ) ! direct evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity1 yet1 by remov+ e objection1 he does 9 fact confirm its claims4 ,?is cle>+ away ( objections1 aft] ! usual pro(s are pres5t$1 cr[ns & completes ! evid5ce4 ,?us ! ultimate result ( a /udy ( 8 book is n only negative b positive2 & su* has be5 its effect on e c&id & compet5t /ud5t4 ,we %\ld rememb] t we h no "r to require ! removal ( objections1 & t !re=e ! :ole ( ,butl]'s "w is 9 fact sup]]ogatory2 a concession & k9dness to su* z h d\bts1 ei!r hone/ or capti\s4 ,our only rightful dem& ( ,*ri/ianity is = cr$5tials4 ,x pres5ts ^! 9 its nature1 its miracles1 its prophecies1 its propagation1 its influ5ce1 & its success4 ,if ^! are compet5t1 we %\ld b[ to its tea*+s4 ,to suppose t we are capable ( judg+ ( ! propriety ( all ,god's law1 or ev5 to und]/& 8 reasons = x1 if !y 7 disclos$1 is absurd4 ,x is true we naturally presume t a revelation 9 words1 & a revelation by natural objects & ! visible ord] ( ?+s1 w\ld co9cide2 b to f9d out ! fact or ! ext5t ( su* co9cid5ce1 is n our fir/ bus9ess4 ,we are to weigh ! te/imony 9 favor ( religion1 embrace x1 if suffici5t1 & attribute ! obscurity ( any "p1 to our pres5t want ( capacity4 ,! solution ( difficulties s]ves to confirm our fai? 9 ,*ri/ianity1 b has no place 9 our gr\nd ( reception3 & we h no "r to wait = su* solution1 h[ev] pa9ful & emb>rass+ may be ! difficulties4 ,ano!r1 & p]haps ev5 m important1 use ( ! 8,analogy10 is to dissipate ! prejudices & objections to ,*ri/ianity :i* prev5t a c&id /udy ( its evid5ces4 ,^! prepossess & poison ! m9d1 & ob/ruct or abate ! =ce ( ! be/ argum5ts4 ,few1 if any1 aft] a c>eful exam9ation ( ! positive evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity1 conclude !m to be inadequate4 ,b _m are !y1 :o hav+ he>d objections :i* _! scanty le>n+ does n enable !m to answ]1 & _! no less scanty int]e/ 9 ! subject does n induce !m to exam9e1 or :i* _! incl9ations lead !m to *]i%1 ca/ x all aside4 ,9 ?is way !y relieve !mselves f ! labor ( inve/igation1 z well z _! compunctions ( consci5ce2 :ile !y indulge bo? _! love ( s9 & pride ( s+ul>ity4 ,an in/ance ( ! use ( ?is book to su* a m9d1 we h 9 ! case ( ,*alm]s4 ,he _h read1 :5 a "y man1 sev]al infidel productions4 ,_! semblance ( logic & le>n+1 & sup]cili\s confid5ce ( /yle1 dispos$ him to reg>d all religion z m]e sup]/ition4 ,8 m9d 0 poison$4 ,accu/om$ z he _h be5 to ! positive & precise reason+s ( ma!matics1 he c\ld n f9d simil> pro(s = ,*ri/ianity4 ,b he 0 induc$1 by "s fri5ds1 to /udy ,butl]'s ,analogy4 ,?is1 z he expresses x1 took ,*ri/ianity 8out ( ! class ( unlikelihoods40 ,x br\ght him to ! inve/igation1 z if ! evid5ce 0 nei!r plus nor m9us4 ,he exam9$ ! evid5ces z he w\ld h done a decl>ation t ,cic]o weigh$ j "o hundr$ & fifty p\nds2 op5 to ! smalle/ pro( or presumption on ! positive side ( ! "q4 ,deliv]$ f prejudice1 n only aga9/ ,*ri/ianity b aga9/ its pro(s1 he soon saw ! madness ( deism1 & immovably accept$ ! ^w ( ,god1 ?\gh he did n1 at t "t1 feel its trans=m+ p[] on 8 own he>t4 ,long aft]w>ds he writes1 8,i _c r5d] suffici5t homage to ! argum5t1 :i* fir/1 address+ itself to ! subject-matt] ( ,*ri/ianity1 relieves x ( all dispro(1 & pron\nces x wor?y ( a trial2 & !n1 address+ itself to ! evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity1 relieves x ( all objections1 & makes good1 to t evid5ce1 all ! entir5ess & effici5cy :i* natively belong to x40 ,ye>s aft]w>ds he said1 8,butl] made me a ,*ri/ian40 ,t x did f> m = him ?an to effect 8 *ange ( s5tim5t1 t x cont9u$ to be a light 9 8 firmam5t1 is t\*+ly told 9 ! ,preface ( 8 ,bridgewat] ,treatise1 :]e he says1 8,i h d]iv$ great] aid f ! views & reason+s ( ,butl]1 ?an ,i h be5 able to f9d1 besides1 9 ! :ole range ( our extant au?or%ip40 ,to ! s9c]e believ] 9 ! ^w ( ,god ! /udy ( ,butl] is ( great use4 ,d\bts are among ,satan's tri$ weapons1 & (t5 haunt ! holie/1 especially if ( a contemplative turn4 ,!y see goodness oppress$1 & vice rampant2 ! _w rul$ by wick$ m51 & tru? mak+ its way ) difficulty4 ,_! he>ts are traitor\s1 _! surr\nd+s full ( temptation1 & ! direct evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity !y may nev] h /udi$4 ,to su* ! analogical argum5t comes ) full p[]1 meets a c&id exam9ation1 & prevails4 ,to no ,*ri/ian is ?is book s useful z ! m9i/]4 ,he is con/antly confront$ by ! difficulties :i* ,butl] s triumphantly h&les4 ,"h he is furni%$1 n only ) a %ield to protect 8 own m9d f subtle d>ts1 b a sword to demoli% ! cavil1 & def5d ! sy/em ( :i* he is a public tea*]4 ,to all p]sons ?is book is ( great value4 ,we arrive at c]ta9ty 9 b few ( our decisions1 & are (t5 oblig$1 ev5 9 matt]s ( great mom5t1 to act on probability4 ,?us we employ precautions :5 an evil is n c]ta9 to occur4 ,if ! evil w\ld be v s]i\s1 we adopt ! precaution1 :5 !re is b little probability1 or p]haps a b>e possibility1 ( its occurr5ce4 ,n[1 ,butl] has %[n t if ! pro(s ( revelation 7 weak1 nay1 if x _h absolutely no pro(1 nay fur!r1 if on fair exam9ation !re appe>$ n ev5 a probability ( its tru?1 /ill !re w\ld rema9 a possibility1 & ?is alone1 consid]+ ! trem5d\s issues at /ake1 %\ld make e man a ,*ri/ian4 ,?is argum5t _c be appli$ to ,mahometanism or any o!r religion1 because aga9/ ^? mu* may be advanc$ z dispro(4 ,our au?or1 hav+ %[n ! utt] abs5ce ( dispro(1 %uts u up to ! reception ( ,*ri/ianity1 7 its tru? b>ely possible4 ,!re h n be5 want+ p]sons to disp>age ! 8,analogy10 because x af=ds1 z !y say1 no direct pro( ( revelation4 ,z well might we dem& a discussion ( *emi/ry 9 a "w on a/ronomy4 ,scores ( writ]s prove ,*ri/ianity1 & "h we h "o to relieve u f ! difficulties :i* beset x1 & objections :i* /ill rema94 ,!re is an aspect 9 :i* ! ,analogy may be said to contribute ! be/ ( pro(4 ,:at c g fur!r t[>ds e/abli%+ a po9t1 ?an to demon/rate t !re is no pro( ( ! contr>y8 ,:at c %[ ! fallacy ( a set ( objections1 m ?an to prove t !y might be urg$ ) no less =ce aga9/ ! obvi\s c\rse ( nature8 ,?is use ( analogy is con=mable to ! sev]e/ logic1 & ?\gh (f]+ no pret5ce ( positive argum5t1 goes f> t[>ds e/abli%+ full conviction4 8,! probabilities10 says ,,/ew>t1 8result+ f a concurr5ce ( diff]5t analogies1 may rise s high z to produce an effect on ! belief sc>cely di/+ui%able f moral c]ta9ty40 ,:5 x is consid]$ t ,butl]'s argum5t is :olly 9 addition to ! cumulative mass ( direct & almo/ irresi/ible evid5ce1 & removes ev5 ! objections :i* att5d ! subject1 we see ! rejection ( ,*ri/ianity to be inexpressibly ra% & absurd4 ,we see ! skeptic condemn$ at 8 own b>1 = act+ 9 ! mo/ mom5t\s ( all possible conc]ns1 9 a mann] ! v opposite ( t :i* he calls s5sible & prud5t 9 8 ord9>y affairs4 ,! 8,analogy0 e/abli%es1 beyond cavil1 /rong presumptions t ,*ri/ianity is true1 aside f all inspection ( its pro(s4 ,! man1 !re=e1 :o really und]/&s ?is book1 & refuses to be a ,*ri/ian1 is l$ by 8 lu/s & n 8 reason4 ,"s admir]s ( ?is book h lam5t$ z a defect1 its want ( evangelical t9cture1 & its exclusive ref]5ce to natural ?+s4 ,to me1 ?is is a prime recomm5dation4 ,7 x o!rwise1 ! reason+ w\ld be 9 a circle4 ,! v /ructure ( ! argum5t dem&s t x %\ld avoid quotations f ! ,bible4 ,x mu/ be admitt$1 h[ev]1 t "s expressions1 tak5 j z !y /&1 )\t qualification by ! curr5t ( ! argum5t1 t5d to lead a/ray4 ,= in/ance1 8,!re is no?+ 9 ! human m9d contr>y to virtue40 8,m5's happ9ess & virtue are left to !mselves40 8,religion requires no?+ :i* we are n well able to p]=m40 8,our rep5tance is accept$1 to et]nal life40 8,our relations to ,god are made kn[n by reason40 ,su* expressions are n to be tak5 alone1 b z expla9$ by ! g5]al drift ( s5tim5t & doctr9e4 ,no "o c be famili> ) 8 works1 )\t f9d+ ! fulle/ evid5ce t ,*ri/ianity 0 to ,butl] inf9itely m ?an a cre$ or a ritual4 ,nor %\ld we =get t su* expressions are n to be int]pret$ by ! t5or ( ! 8,analogy0 only1 b by t ( 8 :ole #8,works4' ,ev5 if x be judg$ t he ev]y:]e fails to express himself 9 su* phrase z we usually call evangelical1 x %\ld be rememb]$ t he 0 a ,*ur*-(-,engl& man1 at a "t :5 !re 0 a p[]ful reaction aga9/ ! evangelism ( ! ,puritans1 & :5 a real lack ( emotional piety 0 g5]al 9 8 *ur*4 ,t he did n enjoy 9 8 la/ illness1 :i* ext5d$ ov] a long p]iod1 t su/a9+ s5se ( ! love ( ,*ri/ :i* he>ty ,*ri/ians g5]ally feel1 is c]ta94 ,a fri5d1 try+ to relieve 8 depression1 rem9d$ him ( 8 excell5t life1 & especially 8 wide lib]alities4 ,he imm$iately repli$1 8l am b a /ew>d6 ,all is ,81 intru/$ to me1 to promote 8 glory & ! good ( mank9d2 h[ c ,i "k t ,i h n abus$ ! tru/8 ,i reflect on all ^! ?+s1 & !y fill my s\l ) t]ror by ! feel+ ( responsibility !y awak540 ,on ano!r occasion1 8 *apla9 s\ght to soo! 8 tr\bl$ _s by ref]r+ to ! ext5sive influ5ce ( 8 ,analogy 9 reclaim+ skeptics4 ,8 reply 01 8,i began ! ,analogy ) a view to ! glory ( ,god2 b z ,i proce$$1 visions ( ! fame x might br+ me m+l$ !mselves ) my motives1 & all 0 pollut$ & made s9ful6 ,! book may be a bless+ to o!rs1 b x weighs l lead on my s\l40 8,admit all ?is10 t5d]ly repli$ ! *apla92 8yet has n ,jesus said1 #8,:osoev] come? unto me %all 9 no wise be ca/ out'80 ,in/antly ! ,bi%op rais$ himself 9 ! b$1 exclaim+1 8,h[ wond]ful t ! =ce ( ?is passage nev] /ruck me be=e6 #8,:osoev]1'--all1 ,,all6 #8,9 no wise1'--no am\nt ( s9 c prev5t acceptance6 ,*ri/'s righte\sness w hide ! iniquities ( all :o accept 8 (f] ( m]cy60 ,f t "t1 = weeks1 ,butl] spoke to all :o approa*$ him1 ( a full & free salvation4 ,he di$ triumphantly repeat+ ?is passage4 ,if all t is said ( ! lack ( evangelical s5tim5t 9 ,butl] or 8 book be conc$$1 x c]ta9ly _c impair ei!r ! value ( ! analogical argum5t1 or ! =ce ( our au?or's use ( x4 ,v>i\s circum/ances conspire to make ! /udy ( 8,! ,analogy0 difficult4 ,! nature ( ! reason+--! concis5ess1 & (t5 obscurity ( ! /yle--! dislocation ( p>ts by frequ5t digressions--! arre/ ( a close c\rse ( reason+ to answ] objections--& ! ab/rus5ess ( ! subject itself--comb9e to make ! full compreh5sion ( its import difficult4 ,mack9to% says1 8,no ?9k] s great1 0 ev] s bad a writ]40 ,b ?is1 l "s o!r objections ( ,sir ,james1 is /at$ too /rongly4 ,! language is good1 s9ewy ,saxon1 & w endure :5 mu* t is n[ call$ f9e writ+1 w seem grotesque4 ,/ill x is possible to write philosophy 9 bett] phrase1 z has be5 %[n by at lea/ two great m51 ,b]keley & ,/ew>t4 ,_h ,butl] b possess$ ! gl[+ /yle ( ,b]keley1 or ! smoo?1 graceful1 & transp>5t diction ( ,dugald ,/ew>t1 8 "w1 in/ead ( s]v+ only = close ?9k]s1 or a college text-book1 w\ld h be5 read by all classes1 & bani%$ t vulg> infidelity :i* flippant writ]s /ill dissem9ate4 ,t x is ?us re/rict$ 9 its influ5ce is a mis=tune to ! _w4 ,b he wrote = a class1 & did 8 "w completely4 ,lit]>y infidelity 0 conqu]$4 ,vulg>1 ignorant1 lic5ti\s infidelity1 w always exi/1 & is ev5 n[ deplorably preval5t4 ,bo? ,europe & ,am]ica conta9 conceit$ & malignant ignoramuses1 :o by _! sne]s1 _! cavils1 & _! audacity1 make havoc ( s\ls4 ,( ^!1 ,tom ,pa9e is a type1 ^: book1 ! contempt ( cultivat$ m9ds1 cont9ues to be sold & read4 ,= ?is class ( p]sons1 8,baxt]'s ,call10 or 8,alle9e's ,al>m10 are f> m suitable ?an treatises on ! evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity1 or ev5 ,butl]'s ,analogy4 ,editor's ,preface4 ,! text is ! result ( a c>eful collation ( ! v>i\s pr9cipal editions4 ,occasionally solecisms are correct$1 & a ^w transpos$ or put 9 italics1 :5 a s5t5ce c\ld ?us be made p]spicu\s4 ,! au?or _h a fa%ion ( beg9n+ a l>ge proportion ( 8 s5t5ces ) 8&10 8b10 8n[10 8inde$10 8h[ev]10 c41 :i* (t5 s]v$ to p]plex1 & 9 su* cases !y h be5 omitt$4 ,long p>agraphs1 compreh5d+ diff]5t topics1 h be5 s divid$ z to correspond ) ! true analysis2 :i* w greatly assi/ ! /ud5t 9 detect+ ! successive /ages ( ! argum5t4 ,special pa9s has be5 tak5 to correct & improve ! punctuation4 ,hundr$s ( s5t5ces h ?us be5 r5d]$ m p]spicu\s1 & _m :i* 7 obscure1 h be5 made lucid4 ,9 no respect 0 ,butl]'s /yle1 z pr9t$1 s defective4 ,! ,conspectus is made mu* ampl] ?an any o!r1 = ?is reason3 t /ud5ts are apt to cont5t !mselves ) su* help in/ead ( ma/]+ ! full discussion by ! au?or4 ,9 ! pres5t case !y _c s d1 = su* is ! fulness ( ! ,conspectus1 t if !y ma/] ?is1 !y h ma/]$ ! subject itself 9 full4 ,notes by ! pres5t editor are di/+ui%$ f ^? ( ! au?or by be+ enclos$ 9 brackets4 ,!y are design$ to op5 out fur!r views1 to elucidate ! text1 to facilitate ext5d$ rese>*es1 & to sugge/ topics = conv]sation 9 ! class-room4 ,! ,index has co/ f> m labor ?an w\ld be suppos$1 & may n be ( mu* b5efit to ! und]graduate4 ,its advantages w n be small to him 9 aft] life :5 he desires to recur to p>ticul> topics4 ,! g5]al s*ol> w f9d x enables him to make use ( ! book = occasional ref]5ce4 ,)\t x ! "w is n complete = ! class-room1 /ill less = ! libr>y4 ,t /ud5ts ( ! ,analogy ne$ help1 is confess$2 & all attempts to furni% x h be5 k9dly receiv$4 ,z is rem>k$ by ,bi%op ,wilson1 8,8 argum5t1 cle> & conv9c+ z x is to a prep>$ m9d1 is n obvi\s to ! "y read]1 ^: exp]i5ce ( life be+ small1 & 8 habits ( reflection feeble1 has n ! furniture necess>y = compreh5d+1 at fir/1 ! ?\ghts & conclusions ( su* a m9d4 ,! /yle is too close1 too neglig5t1 too obscure1 to be suitable = ! "y40 ,if x be ask$ :y1 ) sev]al exi/+ helps to ! /udy ( ! ,analogy1 ,i (f] ano!r1 ,i frankly reply1 because ,i h f\nd none ( !m satisfactory1 ei!r to ! public or to myself4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"s tea*]s pref] _! text-books to be accompani$ by a set ( que/ions4 ,su* w f9d 9 ?is edition all !y desire4 ,!y h only to enunciate ea* s5t5ce ( ! ,conspectus 9 ! int]rogative =m1 & !y w h e possible "q prep>$ to _! h&4 ,conspectus ( ! ,au?or's ,introduction4 ,i4 ,:at is probable evid5ce8 #a4 ,x diff]s f demon/ration 9 t x admits ( degrees2 ( all degrees4 #a47 ,"o probability does n beget assurance4 #b47 ,b ! slighte/ presumption makes a probability4 #c47 ,! repetition ( x may make c]ta9ty4 #b4 ,:at con/itutes probability is lik5ess2 9 reg>d to ! ev5t itself1 or its k9d ( evid5ces1 or its circum/ances4 #a47 ,?is daily af=ds presumptions1 evid5ce1 or conviction3 accord+ z x is occasional1 common1 or con/ant4 #b47 ,measures our hopes & fe>s4 #c47 ,regulates our expectations z to m5's conduct4 #d47 ,enables u to judge ( "* f conduct4 #c4 ,x is an imp]fect mode ( judg+1 & adapt$ to be+s ( limit$ capacities4 #d4 ,:]e bett] evid5ce _c be _h1 x con/itutes moral obligation1 ev5 ?\gh great d\bts rema94 #a47 ,we are z mu* b\nd to d :at1 on ! :ole1 appe>s to be be/1 z if we knew x to be s4 #b47 ,9 que/ions ( great mom5t1 x is reasonable to act :5 ! favorable *ances are no great] ?an ! unfavorable4 #c47 ,!re are numb]less cases 9 :i* a man w\ld be ?\ght di/ract$ if he did n act1 & t e>ne/ly1 :]e ! *ances ( success 7 greatly aga9/ him4 ,,ii4 ,! use & application ( probabilities4 ,%all n g fur!r into ! nature ( probable evid5ce1 nor inquire :y lik5ess begets presumption & conviction2 nor h[ f> analogical reason+ c be r$uc$ to a sy/em2 b %all only %[ h[ j & conclusive ?is mode ( reason+ is4 #a4 ,9 det]m9+ our judgm5ts & practice4 #a47 ,!re may be cases 9 :i* its value is d\btful4 #b47 ,!re may be seem+ analogies1 :i* are n really su*4 #c47 ,b z a mode ( argum5t1 x is p]fectly j & conclusive4 #b4 ,9 not+ correspond5cies betwe5 ! diff]5t p>ts ( ,god's gov]nm5t4 #a47 ,we may expect to f9d ! same sort ( difficulties 9 ! ,bible1 z we d 9 ,nature4 #b47 ,to d5y ! ,bible to be ( ,god1 because ( ^! difficulties1 requires u to d5y t ! _w 0 made by him4 #c47 ,if !re be a lik5ess betwe5 revelation & ! sy/em ( nature1 x af=ds a presumption t bo? h ! same au?or4 #d47 ,to reason on ! con/ruction & gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 )\t settl+ f\ndation-pr9ciples1 is m]e hypo!sis4 #e47 ,to apply pr9ciples :i* are c]ta91 to cases :i* are n applicable1 is no bett]4 #f47 ,b to jo9 ab/ract reason+s to ! obs]vation ( facts1 & argue1 f kn[n pres5t ?+s1 to :at is likely or cr$ible1 mu/ be "r4 #g47 ,we _c avoid act+ ?us1 if we act at all4 #c4 ,9 its application to religion1 reveal$1 z well z natural4 ,?is is ! use :i* w be made ( analogy 9 ! foll[+ "w4 ,9 s us+ x1 #a47 ,x w be tak5 = prov$ t !re is an intellig5t ,creator & ,rul]4 --,!re are no presumptions aga9/ ?is1 prior to pro(4 --,!re are pro(s3--f analogy1 reason1 tradition1 c4 --,! fact is n d5i$ by ! g5]ality ( skeptics4 #b47 ,no reg>d w be paid to ^? :o idly speculate z to h[ ! _w might h be5 made & gov]n$4 --,su* prat+ w\ld am\nt to ?is3 ,all creatures %\ld h be5 made at fir/ z happy z !y c\ld be4 ,no?+ ( haz>d %\ld be put ^u !m4 ,%\ld h be5 secur$ 9 _! happ9ess4 ,all puni%m5ts avoid$4 --,x is a suffici5t reply to su* talk t mank9d h n faculties = su* speculations4 #c47 ,we are1 to "s ext5t1 judges z to ends2 & may conclude t ,nature & ,provid5ce are design$ to produce virtue & happ9ess2 b ( ! means ( produc+ ^! 9 ! highe/ degree1 we are n compet5t judges4 --,we "k n ! ext5t ( ! univ]se2 --,nor ev5 h[ "o p]son c be/ be br\ght to p]fection4 --,we are n (t5 compet5t to judge ( ! conduct ( ea* o!r4 --,z to ,god1 we may presume t ord] w prevail 9 8 univ]se2 b are no judges ( 8 modes = accompli%+ ?is end4 #d47 ,in/ead ( va9ly1 & p]haps s9fully1 imag9+ s*emes = ,god's conduct1 we mu/ /udy :at is4 --,discov]+ g5]al laws4 --,comp>+ ! kn[n c\rse ( ?+s ) :at revelation tea*es u to expect4 ,,iii4 ,! =ce ( ?is use ( ,analogy4 #a4 ,sometimes is practically equival5t to pro(4 #b4 ,confirms :at is o!rwise prov$4 #c4 ,%[s t ! sy/em ( revelation is no m op5 to ridicule1 ?an ! sy/em ( nature4 #d4 ,answ]s almo/ all objections aga9/ religion4 #e4 ,to a great ext5t answ]s objections aga9/ ! pro(s ( religion4 ,,iv4 ,g5]al scope ( ! book4 #a4 ,! div9e gov]nm5t is consid]$1 z conta9+ 9 x1 ,*ap4 #a4 ,man's future exi/5ce4 0 #b4 ,9 a /ate ( rew>d or puni%m5t4 0 #c4 ,?is accord+ to our behavior4 0 #d4 ,our pres5t life probation>y4 0 #e4 ,& also discipl9>y4 0 #f4 ,not)/&+ ! doctr9e ( necessity4 0 #g4 ,or any app>5t want ( wisdom or goodness4 #b4 ,reveal$ religion is consid]$1 ,*ap4 #a4 ,z important4 0 #b4 ,z prov$ by miracles4 0 #c4 ,z conta9+ /range ?+s4 0 #d4 ,z a s*eme imp]fectly compreh5d$4 0 #e4 ,z c>ri$ on by a m$iator4 0 #f4 ,z hav+ su* an am\nt ( evid5ce z ,god saw fit to give4 0 #g4 ,z hav+ suffici5t & full evid5ce4 ,conspectus ( ! ,analogy4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,a ,,future ,,life4 ,w n discuss ! subject ( id5tity2 b w consid] :at analogy sugge/s f *anges :i* d n de/roy2 & ?us see :e!r x is n probable t we %all live h]eaft]4 ,i4 ,! probabilities t we %all survive dea?4 #a4 ,x is a law ( nature t creatures %\ld exi/ 9 diff]5t /ages1 & 9 v>i\s degrees ( p]fection4 --,worms turn into flies4 --,eggs are hat*$ into birds4 --,our own pres5t /ate is z diff]5t f our /ate 9 ! womb1 z two /ates ( ! same be+ c be4 --,t we %all h]eaft] exi/ 9 a /ate z diff]5t f ! pres5t z ! pres5t is f our /ate 9 ! womb1 is accord+ to analogy4 #b4 ,we n[ h capacities = happ9ess1 action1 mis]y1 c41 & !re is always a probability t ?+s w cont9ue z !y are1 except :5 exp]i5ce gives u reason to ?9k !y w be alt]$4 ,?is is a g5]al law2 & is our only natural reason = expect+ ! cont9uance ( any ?+4 #c4 ,!re is no reason to appreh5d t dea? w de/roy u4 ,if !re 01 x w\ld arise f ! nature ( dea?2 or f ! analogy ( nature4 #a47 ,n f ! nature ( dea?4 --,we "k n :at dea? is4 --,b only "s ( its effects4 --,^! effects d n imply ! de/ruction ( ! liv+ ag5t4 --,we "k little ( :at ! ex]cise ( our p[]s dep5ds ^u2 & no?+ ( :at ! p[]s !mselves dep5d on4 --,we may be unable to ex]cise our p[]s1 & yet n lose !m--e4g4 sleep1 swoon4 #b47 ,n f analogy4 --,reason %[s no connection betwe5 dea? & our de/ruction4 --,we h no faculties by :i* to trace any be+ beyond x4 --,! possession ( liv+ p[]s1 up to ! v mom5t :5 our faculties cease to be able to trace !m1 is a probability ( _! cont9u+4 --,we h already surviv$ wond]ful *anges4 --,to live aft] dea? is analog\s to ! c\rse ( nature4 ,,ii4 ,presumptions aga9/ a future life4 #a4 ,t dea? de/roys u4 ,ans4 #a4 ,?is is an assumption t we are comp\nd & mat]ial be+s1 & h5ce disc]ptible2 :i* is n true4 #a47 ,consci\sness is a s+le1 indivisible p[]1 & ( c\rse ! subject ( x mu/ be4 #b47 ,! mat]ial body is n ourself4 #c47 ,we c easily conceive ( our hav+ m limbs1 or ( a diff]5t k9d1 or ( hav+ m or few] s5ses1 or ( hav+ no bodies at all1 or ( h]eaft] animat+ ^! same bodies1 remodell$4 #d47 ,! dissolution ( a succession ( new & /range bodies1 w\ld h no t5d5cy to de/roy u4 ,ans4 #b4 ,?\gh ! absolute simplicity ( ! liv+ be+ _c be prov$ by exp]im5t1 yet facts lead u s to conclude4 ,we lose limbs1 c4 ,our bodies 7 once v small1 b we might1 !n1 h lo/ "p ( !m4 ,!re is a con/ant de/ruction & r5ewal go+ on4 #a47 ,?us we see t no c]ta9 bulk is necess>y to our exi/5ce1 & unless x 7 prov$ t !re is1 & t x is l>g] ?an an indissoluble atom1 !re is no reason to presume t dea? de/roys u1 ev5 if we are disc]ptible4 #b47 ,! liv+ ag5t is n an int]nal mat]ial organism1 :i* dies ) ! body4 ,because --,our only gr\nd = ?is presumption is our relation to o!r sy/ems ( matt]4 ,b we see ^! are n necess>y to u4 --,x w n d to say t lo/ portions ( ! body 7 n ess5tial--:o is to det]m9e8 --,! relation betwe5 ! liv+ ag5t1 & ! mo/ ess5tial p>ts ( ! body1 is only "o by :i* !y mutually affect ea* o!r4 #c47 ,if we reg>d our body z made up ( organs ( s5se1 we come to ! same result4 --,we see ) ! eyes1 j z we d ) glasses4 ,! eye is n a recipi5t1 any m ?an a telescope4 --,x is n pret5d$ t vision1 he>+1 c4 c be trac$ cle> up to ! p]cipi5t2 b s f> z we c trace p]ceptions1 ! organ does n p]ceive4 --,9 dreams we p]ceive )\t organs4 --,:5 we lose a limb we d n lose ! direct+ p[]2 we c\ld move a new "o1 if x c\ld be made1 or a wood5 "o4 ,b ! limb cut (f has no p[] ( mov+4 --,?us1 our loss ( ! organs ( p]ception & motion1 n be+ ! de/ruction ( ! p[]1 !re is no gr\nd to ?9k t ! de/ruction ( o!r organs or in/rum5ts w\ld de/roy u4 ,objection4 ,^! obs]vations apply equally to brutes4 ,ans4 #a4 ,be x s4 ,p]haps !y are immortal3--may h]eaft] improve3 we "k n :at lat5t p[]s !y may h4 #a47 ,! human be+ at "o p]iod looks z little likely to make great intellectual atta9m5ts2 = a long "t he has capacities = virtue & religion1 b _c use !m4 #b47 ,_m p]sons g out ( ! _w :o nev] became able to ex]cise ^! capacities2 e4g4 infants4 ,ans4 #b4 ,if brutes 7 immortal1 x does n prove !m to be moral ag5ts4 #a47 ,x may be necess>y1 = aught we "k1 t !re %\ld be liv+ creatures n moral ag5ts1 nor rational4 #b47 ,all difficulties z to :at w\ld become ( !m1 are f\nd$ 9 our ignorance4 #b4 ,t our s\ls1 ?\gh n mat]ial1 s dep5d ^u ! bodily /ructure1 t we _c survive its de/ruction4 ,ans4 #a4 ,reason1 memory1 c4 d n dep5d on ! body1 z p]ceptions by ! s5ses d4 ,dea? may de/roy ^? in/rum5ts1 & yet n de/roy ! p[]s ( reflection4 ,ans4 #b4 ,human be+s exi/1 "h1 9 two v diff]5t /ates1 ea* hav+ its own laws3 s5sation & reflection4 ,by ! fir/ we feel2 by ! second we reason & w4 #a47 ,no?+ :i* we "k to be de/roy$ at dea?1 is necess>y to reflect+ on ideas =m]ly receiv$4 #b47 ,?\gh ! s5ses act l scaffolds1 or lev]s1 to br+ 9 ideas1 yet :5 once 91 we c reflect1 c4 )\t _! aid4 ,ans4 #c4 ,!re are diseases :i* prove fatal1 c41 yet d n1 9 any "p ( _! c\rse1 impair ! intellect2 & ?is indicates t !y d n de/roy x4 #a47 ,9 ! diseases allud$ to1 p]sons h _! reflective p[]1 9 full1 ! v mom5t be=e dea?4 #b47 ,n[1 :y %\ld a disease1 at a c]ta9 degree1 utt]ly de/roy p[]s :i* 7 n ev5 affect$ by x1 up to t po9t8 #c4 ,t dea? at lea/ susp5ds our reflective p[]s1 or int]rupts our cont9u+ to exi/ 9 ! l /ate ( reflection :i* we d n[4 ,ans4 ,!re appe>s s little connection betwe5 our p[]s ( s5sation & our p[]s ( reflection t we _c presume t :at might de/roy ! =m]1 c\ld ev5 susp5d ! latt]4 #a47 ,we daily see reason1 memory1 c4 ex]cis$ )\t any assi/ance1 t we "k (1 f our bodies4 #b47 ,see+ !m 9 lively ex]cise to ! la/1 we mu/ inf] t dea? is n a discont9uance ( _! ex]cise1 nor ( ! enjoym5ts & suff]+s ( su* ex]cise4 #c47 ,our po/hum\s life may be b a go+ on1 ) additions4 ,l ! *ange at our bir?--:i* produc$ n a susp5sion ( ! faculties we _h be=e1 nor a total *ange 9 our /ate ( life2 b a cont9uance ( bo?1 ) great alt]ations4 #d47 ,dea? may b at once put u into a high] /ate ( life1 z our bir? did2 our relation to bodily organs may be ! only h9d]ance to our ent]+ a high] condition ( ! reflective p[]s4 #e47 ,7 we ev5 sure t dea? w\ld susp5d our intellectual p[]s1 x w\ld n furni% ev5 ! l[e/ probability t x w\ld de/roy !m4 ,objec4 ,f ! analogy ( plants4 ,ans4 ,?is furni%es poets ) apt illu/rations ( our frailty1 b af=ds no prop] analogy4 ,plants are de/itute ( p]ception & action1 & ?is is ! v matt] 9 "q4 ,,rem>ks4 #a4 ,x has be5 %[n1 t conf9+ ourselves to :at we "k1 we see no probability ( ev] ceas+ to be3--x _c be conclud$ f ! reason ( ! ?+3--nor f ! analogy ( nature4 #b4 ,we are !re=e to g ^u ! belief ( a future exi/5ce4 #c4 ,our go+ into new sc5es & conditions1 is j z natural z our com+ into ! _w4 #d4 ,our condition may naturally be a social "o4 #e4 ,! advantages ( x may naturally be be/[$1 accord+ to "s fix$ law1 9 proportion to "o's degrees 9 virtue4 #a47 ,p]haps n s mu* z n[ by society2 b by ,god's m imm$iate action4 #b47 ,yet ?is w be no less natural1 i4e4 /at$1 fix$1 or settl$4 #c47 ,our notions ( :at is natural1 are enl>g$ by great] k ( ,god & 8 works4 #d47 ,!re may be "s be+s 9 ! _w1 to :om ! :ole ( ,*ri/ianity is z natural z ! visible c\rse ( nature seems to u4 #f4 ,^! probabilities ( a future life1 ?\gh !y d n satisfy curiosity1 answ] all ! purposes ( religion1 z well z demon/ration4 #a47 ,ev5 a demon/ration ( a future /ate1 w\ld n demon/rate religion1 b w\ld be reconcilable ) a!ism4 #b47 ,b z religion implies a future /ate1 any presumption aga9/ su* a /ate1 w\ld be a presumption aga9/ religion4 #c47 ,! =ego+ obs]vations remove all presumptions ( t sort1 & prove to a great probability1 a fundam5tal doctr9e ( religion4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,gov]nm5t ,,( ,,god ,,by ,,rew>ds ,,& ,,puni%m5ts4 ,! "q ( a future life is r5d]$ mom5t\s by our capacity = happ9ess & mis]y4 ,especially if t happ9ess or mis]y dep5ds on our pres5t conduct4 ,we %\ld feel ! deepe/ solicitude on ?is subject4 ,& t if !re 7 no pro( ( a future life & int]e/1 o!r ?an ! probabilities j discuss$4 ,i4 ,9 ! pres5t _w our pleasures & pa9s are1 to a great ext5t1 9 our own p[]4 #a4 ,we see !m to be consequ5ces ( our actions4 #b4 ,& we c =esee ^! consequ5ces4 #c4 ,our desires are n gratifi$1 )\t ! "r k9d ( ex]tion4 #d4 ,by prud5ce we may enjoy life2 ra%ness1 or ev5 neglect may make u mis]able4 #e4 ,:y ?is is s is ano!r matt]4 #a47 ,x may be impossible to be o!rwise4 #b47 ,or x may be be/ on ! :ole4 #c47 ,or ,god's plan may be to make only ! good happy4 #d47 ,or ! :ole plan may be incompreh5sible to u4 ,objec4 ,x may be said 8?is is only ! c\rse ( nature40 ,ans4 ,x is grant$3 b #a4 ,! c\rse ( nature is b ! w ( ,god4 ,we admit t ,god is ! natural gov]nor ( ! _w3 & mu/ n turn r\nd & d5y x because 8 gov]nm5t is uni=m4 #b4 ,our natural =esight ( ! consequ5ces ( actions1 is 8 appo9tm5t4 #c4 ,! consequ5ces !mselves1 are 8 appo9tm5t4 #d4 ,our ability to =esee ^! consequ5ces1 is ,god's in/ruction h[ we are to act4 ,objec4 ,by ?is reason+ we are in/ruct$ to gratify our appetites1 & su* gratification is our rew>d = s do+4 ,ans4 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,=ese5 pleasures & pa9s are prop] motives to action 9 g5]al2 b we may1 9 p>ticul> cases1 damage ourselves by indulg5ce4 ,our eyes are made to see )1 b n to look at e ?+3--= in/ance ! sun4 ,x foll[s1 f :at has be5 said1 t ,,ii4 ,we are1 n[1 actually "u ,god's gov]nm5t1 9 ! /ricte/ s5se4 #a4 ,admitt+ t !re is a ,god1 x is n s mu* a matt] ( speculation1 z ( exp]i5ce1 t he gov]ns u4 #b4 ,! annex+ ( pleasures & pa9s to c]ta9 actions1 & giv+ notice !m1 is ! v ess5ce ( gov]nm5t4 #c4 ,:e!r by direct acts ^u u1 or by contriv+ a g5]al plan1 does n affect ! argum5t4 #a47 ,if magi/rates c\ld make laws :i* %\ld execute !mselves1 _! gov]nm5t w\ld be f> m p]fect ?an x is4 #b47 ,god's mak+ fire burn u1 is z mu* an in/ance ( gov]nm5t1 z if he directly inflict$ ! burn1 :5ev] we t\*$ fire4 #d4 ,h5ce ! analogy ( nature %[s no?+ to r5d] incr$ible ! ,bible doctr9e ( ,god's rew>d+ or puni%+ accord+ to our actions4 ,additional rem>ks on ,puni%m5t4 ,z m5 object *iefly to future puni%m5t1 x is prop] to %[ fur!r t ! c\rse ( adm9i/ration1 z to pres5t puni%m5t1 is analog\s to :at religion tea*es z to ! future4 ,inde$ !y add cr$ibility to x4 ,& ought to raise ! mo/ s]i\s appreh5sion4 ,i4 ,circum/ances to be obs]v$ t\*+ pres5t puni%m5ts4 #a4 ,!y (t5 foll[ acts :i* produce pres5t pleasure or advantage4 #b4 ,! suff]+s (t5 f> exce$ ! pleasure or advantage4 #c4 ,!y (t5 foll[ remotely4 #d4 ,aft] long delay !y (t5 come sudd5ly4 #e4 ,z ^? remote effects are n c]ta9ly =ese51 !y may n be ?\ght ( at ! "t2 or if s1 !re is a hope ( escap+4 #f4 ,!re are opportunities ( advantage1 :i* if neglect$ d n recur4 #g4 ,?\gh1 9 "s cases1 m5 :o h s9n$ up to a c]ta9 po9t1 may retrieve _! affairs1 yet 9 _m cases1 re=mation is ( no avail4 #h4 ,inconsid]at5ess is (t5 z disa/r\s z wilful wrong-do+4 #i4 ,z "s puni%m5ts by civil gov]nm5t1 are capital1 s are "s natural puni%m5ts4 #a47 ,seem int5d$ to remove ! (f5d] out ( ! way4 #b47 ,or z an example to o!rs4 ,,ii4 ,^! ?+s are n accid5tal1 b proce$ f fix$ laws4 #a4 ,!y are matt]s ( daily exp]i5ce4 #b4 ,proce$ f ! g5]al laws1 by :i* ! _w is gov]n$4 ,,iii4 ,!y s closely resemble :at religion tea*es1 z to future puni%m5t1 t bo? might be express$ 9 ! same words4 e4g4 ,prov]bs1 *4 i4 ,! analogy suffici5tly answ]s all objections aga9/ ! ,scripture doctr9e ( future puni%m5t1 su* z #a47 ,t our frailty or temptations annihilate ! guilt ( vice4 #b47 ,or ! objection f necessity4 #c47 ,or t ! ,almighty _c be contradict$4 #d47 ,or t he _c be (f5d$4 ,,rem>ks4 #a4 ,su* reflections are t]rific1 b ought to be /at$ & consid]$4 #b4 ,disreg>d ( a h]eaft] _c be ju/ifi$ by any ?+ %ort ( a demon/ration ( a!ism4 ,ev5 skeptical doctr9es af=d no ju/ification4 #c4 ,!re is no pret5ce ( reason = presum+ t ! lic5ti\s w n f9d x bett] = !m t !y _h nev] be5 born4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,moral ,,gov]nm5t ,,( ,,god4 ,z ! /ructure ( ! _w %[s intellig5ce1 s ! mode ( di/ribut+ pleasure & pa91 %[s gov]nm5t4 ,t is1 ,god's natural gov]nm5t1 su* z a k+ ex]cises ov] 8 subjects4 ,b ?is does n1 at fir/ sight1 det]m9e :at is ! moral "* ( su* gov]nm5t4 ,i4 ,:at is a moral or righte\s gov]nm5t8 #a4 ,n m]e rew>d+ & puni%+4 #b4 ,b do+ ?is accord+ to "*4 #c4 ,! p]fection ( moral gov]nm5t is do+ ?is exactly4 ,objec4 ,god is simply & absolutely b5evol5t4 ,ans4 ,b5evol5ce1 inf9ite 9 degree1 w\ld dispose him to produce ! greate/ possible happ9ess1 reg>dless ( behavi\r4 ,?is w\ld rob ,god ( o!r attributes2 & %\ld n be ass]t$ unless x c be prov$4 ,& :e!r x c be prov$ is n ! po9t n[ 9 h&4 ,! "q is n :e!r !re may n be1 9 ! univ]se1 be+s to :om he manife/s absolute b5evol5ce1 :i* might n be incompatible ) ju/ice2 b :e!r he treats u s4 #d4 ,x mu/ be own$ to be va/ly difficult1 9 su* a disord]$ _w1 to e/imate ) exactness ! ov]plus ( happ9ess on ! side ( virtue3 & !re may be exceptions to ! rule4 ,b x is f> f be+ d\btful t on ! :ole1 virtue is happi] ?an vice1 9 ?is _w4 ,,ii4 ,! beg9n+s ( a righte\s adm9i/ration1 are se5 9 nature4 #a4 ,x has be5 prov$ 7*4 ii47 t ,god gov]ns3 & x is reasonable to suppose t he w\ld gov]n righte\sly4 #a47 ,any o!r rule ( gov]nm5t w\ld be h>d] to acc\nt =4 #b47 ,! ,bible doctr9e t h]eaft] ! good %all be happy1 & ! wick$ mis]able1 is no m ?an an expectation t a me?od ( gov]nm5t1 n[ begun1 %all be c>ri$ on4 #b4 ,! opposite consequ5ces ( prud5ce & ra%ness1 %[ a "r con/itution ( nature2 & our ability to =esee & control ^! consequ5ces1 %[s t we are "u moral law4 #c4 ,god has s con/ruct$ society t vice1 to a great degree1 is actually puni%$ by x4 #a47 ,)\t ?is1 society c\ld n exi/4 #b47 ,?is is ,god's gov]nm5t1 ?r\gh society2 & is z natural1 z society4 #c47 ,s9ce ! c\rse ( ?+s is ,god's appo9tm5t1 m5 are unavoidably acc\ntable = _! behavi\r4 ,objec4 ,society (t5 puni%es good actions1 & rew>ds wick$ness4 ,ans4 #a4 ,?is is n necess>y1 & consequ5tly n natural4 #b4 ,good actions are nev] puni%$ by society z good1 b because consid]$ bad4 #d4 ,by ! c\rse ( nature1 virtue is rew>d$1 & vice puni%$1 z su*1 :i* proves a moral gov]nm5t2 z w be se5 if we rightly di/+ui% betwe5 actions & _! qualities4 #a47 ,an action may produce pres5t gratification ?\gh x be wrong3 9 :i* case ! gratification is 9 ! act1 n ! morality ( x3 9 o!r cases ! enjoym5t consi/s :olly 9 ! quality ( virtu\sness4 #b47 ,vice is naturally att5d$ ) uneas9ess1 appreh5sion1 vexation1 remorse1 c4 --,?is is a v diff]5t feel+ f t produc$ by m]e mis=tune4 --,m5 com=t !mselves "u mis=tune1 t x 0 n _! own fault4 #c47 ,hone/ & good m5 are befri5d$ z su*4 #d47 ,injuries are res5t$ z imply+ fault2 & good (fices are reg>d$ ) gratitude on acc\nt ( ! int5tion1 ev5 :5 !y fail to b5efit u4 --,?is is se5 9 family gov]nm5t1 :]e *ildr5 are puni%$ = falsehood1 fretfulness1 c41 ?\gh no "o is hurt4 --,& also 9 civil gov]nm5t1 :]e ! abs5ce or pres5ce ( ill int5tion goes f> 9 det]m9+ ! p5alty ( wrong-do+4 #e47 ,! :ole c\rse ( ! _w1 9 all ages & relations1 turns mu* ^u approbation & disapprobation4 #f47 ,! v fact ( our hav+ a moral nature1 is a pro( ( our be+ "u ,god's moral gov]nm5t4 --,we are plac$ 9 a condition :i* unavoidably op]ates on our moral nature4 --,h5ce x arises t rew>d to virtue & reprobation ( vice1 z su*1 is a rule1 nev] inv]t$4 ,if x be ?\ght t !re are in/ances to ! contr>y1 7:i* is n s17 !y are evid5tly mon/r\s4 --,! degree 9 :i* virtue & vice receive prop] returns1 is n ! "q n[1 b only ! ?+ itself1 9 "s degree4 #g47 ,x is admitt$ t virtue sometimes suff]s1 & vice prosp]s2 b ?is is disord]1 & n ! ord] ( nature4 #h47 ,x foll[s1 t we h 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 a decl>ation f ,god1 = virtue & aga9/ vice4 ,s f> z a man is true to virtue1 is he on ! side ( ! div9e adm9i/ration4 ,su* a man mu/ h a s5se ( security1 & a hope ( some?+ bett]4 #e4 ,?is hope is confirm$ by obs]v+ t virtue has necess>y t5d5cies beyond _! pres5t effects4 #a47 ,^! are v obvi\s ) reg>d to individuals4 #b47 ,are z real1 ?\gh n s pat5t1 9 reg>d to society4 --,! p[] ( a society "u ! direction ( virtue1 t5ds to prevail ov] p[] n s direct$1 j z p[] "u direction ( reason1 t5ds to prevail ov] brute =ce4 --,z ?is may n be conc$$1 we w notice h[ ! case /&s1 z to reason3 ,l5g? ( "t1 & prop] opportunity1 are necess>y = reason to triumph ov] brutes4 ,rational be+s1 disunit$1 envi\s1 unju/1 & trea*]\s1 may be ov]come by brutes1 unit+ !mselves by in/9ct3 b ?is w\ld be an inv]t$ ord] ( ?+s4 --,a l t5d5cy has virtue to produce sup]iority4 ,by mak+ ! good ( society1 ! object ( e memb] ( x4 ,by mak+ e "o indu/ri\s 9 8 own sph]e4 ,by unit+ all 9 "o bond ( v]acity & ju/ice4 #c47 ,if ! "p ( ,god's gov]nm5t :i* we see1 & ! "p we d n see1 make up "o s*eme1 !n we see a t5d5cy 9 virtue to sup]iority4 #d47 ,b to produce t sup]iority !re mu/ be --,a =ce proportion$ to ! ob/acles4 --,suffici5t lapse ( "t4 --,a fair field ( trial2 su* z ext5t ( "t1 adequate occasions1 & opportunities = ! virtu\s to unite4 #e47 ,^! ?+s are d5i$ to virtue 9 ?is life1 s t its t5d5cies1 ?\gh real1 are h9d]$4 #f47 ,b x may h all requisite advantages h]eaft]4 --,et]nity w be la/+ en\gh4 --,good m5 w unite2 z !y _c d n[1 scatt]$ ov] ! e>?1 & ignorant ( "o ano!r4 --,o!r ord]s ( virtu\s be+s w jo92 = ! v nature ( virtue is a bond ( union4 #g47 ,! t5d5cy ( su* an ord] ( ?+s1 s f> z se5 by vici\s be+s 9 any "p ( ! univ]se1 w\ld be to ! am5dm5t ( all :o 7 capable ( x1 & _! recov]y to virtue4 #h47 ,all ?is goes to %[ t ! h9d]ances to virtue are cont+5t1 & t its b5eficial t5d5cies are ,god's decl>ations 9 its favor4 #i47 ,if ! prec$+ consid]ations are ?\ght to be too speculative1 we may easily come to ! same result by reflect+ on ! supremacy :i* any e>?ly nation w\ld atta91 by entire virtue = _m ages4 ,,rem>ks4 ,consid] n[ ! g5]al sy/em ( religion4 ,! gov]nm5t ( ! _w is "o2 x is moral2 virtue %all 9 ! end prevail ov] wick$ness2 & to see ! importance & fitness ( su* an arrangem5t we h only to consid] :at w\ld be ! /ate ( ?+s1 if vice _h ^! advantages1 or virtue ! contr>y4 ,objec4 ,:y may n ?+s be n[ go+ on 9 o!r worlds1 & cont9ue always to g on 9 ?is _w1 9 ! same mix$ & disord]$ /ate z at pres5t8 ,ans4 ,we are n prov+ t ,god's moral gov]nm5t is p]fect1 or ! tru? ( religion1 b only see+ :at !re is 9 ! c\rse ( nature1 to confirm x1 suppos+ x to be kn[n4 ,7 !re no?+ to judge by1 b ! pres5t di/ribution ( pleasure & pa91 we %\ld h no gr\nd to conclude t h]eaft] we %\ld be rew>d$ or puni%$ exactly accord+ to our des]ts4 ,b ev5 !n !re w\ld be no indication t vice is bett] ?an virtue4 ,/ill ! prec$+ obs]vations confirm ! doctr9e ( future retribution2 =1 #a47 ,!y %[ t ! ,au?or ( nature is n indiff]5t to virtue & vice4 #b47 ,t future di/ributive ju/ice w\ld diff] n 9 k9d1 b 9 degree only1 f ,god's pres5t gov]nm5t4 ,x w\ld be ! effect1 t[>ds :i* we see ! t5d5cy4 #c47 ,t high] rew>ds & puni%m5ts may be h]eaft]4 #d47 ,t we %\ld expect x to be s2 because ! t5d5cies ( vice & virtue are immutable1 :ile ! h9d]ances are only artificial4 ,,summ>y4 ,?is enum]ates ! /eps ( ! argum5t1 9 ! =ego+ *apt]1 9 z cond5s$ a =m z possible4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,a ,,/ate ,,( ,,probation4 ,! doctr9e ( probation compreh5ds sev]al p>ticul>s4 ,b ! mo/ common notion is t our future int]e/s are dep5d+2 & dep5d+ on ourselves4 ,& t we h opportunities = bo? good & bad conduct1 & temptations to ea*4 ,?is is n exactly ! same z our be+ "u moral gov]nm5t2 = x implies allurem5t to evil1 & difficulties 9 be+ good4 ,h5ce ne$s to be consid]$ by itself4 ,doctr9e4 ,,! ,,natural ,,gov]nm5t ,,( ,,god1 ,,9 ,,?is ,,_w1 ,,puts ,,u ,,on ,,trial ,,z ,,to ,,! ,,?+s ,,( ,,?is ,,_w2 ,,& ,,s ,,implies1 ,,:at ,,religion ,,tea*es1 ,,t ,,8 ,,moral ,,gov]nm5t ,,puts ,,u ,,on ,,trial ,,z ,,to ,a ,,future ,,_w4 ,i4 ,s f> z we are tempt$ to d :at w damage our future temporal int]e/s1 s f> we are "u probation z to ^? int]e/s4 #a4 ,! annex+ ( pleasures & pa9s to actions1 z good or bad1 & enabl+ u to =esee _! effect1 implies t our int]e/s1 9 "p at lea/1 dep5d on ourselves4 #b4 ,we (t5 blame ourselves & o!rs = evils1 z result+ f misconduct4 #c4 ,x is v c]ta9 t we (t5 miss possible good1 & incur evils1 n = want ( kn[+ bett]1 b ?r\gh our fault4 #d4 ,e "o speaks ( ! haz>ds ( "y p]sons1 f o!r causes ?an ignorance4 ,,ii4 ,^! natural or temporal trials are analog\s to our moral & religi\s trial4 #a4 ,9 bo? cases1 :at con/itutes ! trial1 is ei!r 9 our circum/ances or 9 our nature4 #a47 ,"s w\ld d "r b = viol5t or extraord9>y temptations4 #b47 ,o!rs w seek evil1 & g out ( _! way aft] wick$ indulg5ce1 :5 !re are no ext]nal temptations4 #c47 ,b ev5 ^? :o err ?r\gh temptation1 mu/ h t )9 :i* makes !m susceptible ( temptation4 #d47 ,s t we are 9 a l /ate ( probation ) respect to bo? pres5t & future int]e/s4 #b4 ,if we proce$ to obs]ve h[ mank9d behave 9 bo? capacities1 we see ! same analogy4 #a47 ,"s sc>cely look beyond ! pres5t gratification4 #b47 ,"s are driv5 by _! passions aga9/ _! bett] judgm5t & feeble resolutions4 #c47 ,"s %amelessly g on 9 op5 vice4 #d47 ,"s p]si/ 9 wrong-do+1 ev5 "u /rong appreh5sions ( future mis]y4 #c4 ,! analogy is no less pla9 9 reg>d to ! influ5ce ( o!rs ^u u4 #a47 ,bad example4 #b47 ,wrong education4 #c47 ,corruptions ( religion4 #d47 ,g5]al preval5ce ( mi/akes z to true happ9ess4 #d4 ,9 bo? cases neglig5ce & folly br+ difficulty z well z vice4 ,,iii4 ,! disadvantages we labor "u f our fall5 & disord]$ /ate1 are ! same1 9 relation to bo? e>?ly & future int]e/s4 ,?is disadvantage af=ds no gr\nd ( compla9t2 =1 #a4 ,we may manage to pass our days 9 com=t & peace4 #b4 ,& s may we obta9 ! security & com=t ( religion4 #c4 ,we might z well compla9 t we are n a high] ord] ( be+s4 ,,rem>ks4 #a4 ,x is ?us prov$ t ! /ate ( trial1 :i* religion says we are 91 is cr$ible2 = x exactly corresponds to :at we see4 #a47 ,if f bir? till dea? we 7 9 a con/ant security ( enjoym5t1 )\t c>e or correctness1 x w\ld be a presumption aga9/ religion4 #b47 ,x might1 if we _h no exp]i5ce1 be urg$ t an inf9itely good ,be+ w\ld n expose u to ! haz>d ( mis]y4 ,?is is inde$ a difficulty1 & mu/ rema9 s2 b /ill ! c\rse ( nature is z x is4 #c47 ,! mis]ies :i* we br+ on ourselves are no m unavoidable ?an our deportm5t4 #b4 ,x has be5 prov$ t we are 9 dang] ( misc>ry+ z to our int]e/s1 bo? pres5t & future4 #c4 ,! sum ( ! :ole is1 t z we d n h pres5t enjoym5ts & honors =c$ ^u u1 9 spite ( misconduct1 s ?is may be ! case1 z to t *ief & f9al good :i* religion proposes4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,probation ,,int5d$ ,,= ,,moral ,,discipl9e ,,& ,,improvem5t4 ,:y we %\ld be plac$ 9 ! condition spok5 ( 9 ! la/ *apt]1 is a "q :i* _c be answ]$4 ,x may be t we c\ld n und]/&1 if told4 ,& if we c\ld1 x might injure u to "k1 j n[4 ,x c]ta9ly is consi/5t ) ,god's righte\s gov]nm5t4 ,religion tells u t we are s plac$ 9 ord] to become qualifi$ = a bett] /ate4 ,?is1 ?\gh a v p>tial answ] to ! inquiry :y we are s plac$1 answ]s an inf9itely m important "q1--viz43 ,:at is our bus9ess "h8 ,i4 ,we are plac$ 9 ?is /ate ( trial1 = our improvem5t 9 virtue1 z ! requisite qualification = future security & happ9ess4 #a4 ,e creature is design$ = a p>ticul> way ( life4 #a47 ,happ9ess dep5ds on ! congruity betwe5 a creature's nature & its circum/ances4 #b47 ,man's "* might be s *ang$ z to make him incapable ( happ9ess on e>?4 #c47 ,or he might be plac$1 )\t *ang+ 8 nature1 9 a _w :]e he mu/ be wret*$1 = want ( ! prop] objects to answ] to 8 desires4 #d47 ,s t )\t det]m9+ :at is ! future condition ( good m51 we "k !re mu/ be necess>y qualifications to make u capable ( enjoy+ x4 #b4 ,human be+s are s con/itut$ z to become fit = new & diff]5t conditions4 #a47 ,we n only acquire ideas1 b /ore !m up4 #b47 ,we c become m exp]t 9 any k9d ( action4 #c47 ,& c make settl$ alt]ations 9 our temp]s4 #d47 ,we c =m habits--bo? bodily & m5tal4 ,z ^! op]ate 9 produc+ radical *anges 9 human "*1 we w look = a mom5t at ! process4 --,nei!r p]ceptions1 nor k1 are habits2 ?\gh necess>y to =m+ !m4 --,!re are habits ( p]ception1 h[ev]1 & habits ( action3 ! =m] are passive1 ! latt] active4 --,habits ( body are produc$ by ext]nal acts1 & habits ( m9d by ! ex]tion ( pr9ciples2 i4e4 c>ry+ !m out4 --,resolutions to d well are acts1 & may help t[>ds =m+ good habits4 ,b m]e !oriz+1 & =m+ pictures 9 ! m9d1 n only d n help1 b may h>d5 ! m9d to a contr>y c\rse4 --,passive impressions1 by repetition gr[ weak]4 ,?us famili>ity ) dang] less5s fe>4 --,h5ce active habits may be =m$ & /r5g!n$1 by act+ accord+ to c]ta9 motives or excitem5ts1 :i* gr[ less s5sibly felt & less & less felt1 z ! habit /r5g!ns4 ,?us ! sight ( di/ress excites ! passive emotion ( pity1 & ! active pr9ciple ( b5evol5ce4 ,b inquir+ out cases ( di/ress 9 ord] to relieve !m1 causes dim9i%$ s5sitiv5ess at ! sight ( mis]y1 & /rong] b5evol5ce & aptitude 9 reliev+ x4 ,s admonition1 exp]i5ce1 & example1 if act$ ^u1 produce good2 if n1 h>d54 #e47 ,! =mation ( a habit may be imp]ceptible & ev5 inexplicable1 b ! ?+ itself is matt] ( c]ta9 exp]i5ce4 #f47 ,a habit once =m$1 ! action becomes easy & (t5 pleasurable3 opposite incl9ations gr[ weak]3 difficulties less3 & occasions m frequ5t4 #g47 ,?us1 a new "*1 9 sev]al respects1 is =m$4 #c4 ,we %\ld n h ^! capacities = improvem5t & = ! recon/ruction ( "*1 if x 7 n necess>y4 #a47 ,!y are necess>y1 ev5 z to ?is life4 --,we are n qualifi$1 at fir/1 = mature life3 und]/&+ & /r5g? come gradually4 --,if we _h !m 9 full1 at bir?1 we %\ld at fir/ be di/ract$ & bewild]$1 & our faculties w\ld be ( no use previ\s to exp]i5ce4 ,ignorant ( any employm5t1 we c\ld n provide = ourselves4 --,s t man is an un=m$1 unf9i%$ creature1 ev5 z to ?is _w1 till he acquire k1 exp]i5ce1 & habits4 #b47 ,provision is made = our acquir+1 9 y\?1 ! requisite qualities = manhood4 --,*ildr5 le>n1 f _! v bir?1 ,! nature & use ( objects4 ,! subord9ations ( dome/ic life4 ,! rules ( life4 --,"s ( ?is le>n+ is acquir$ s ins5sibly1 z to seem l in/9ct1 b "s requires great c>e & labor1 & ! do+ ( ?+s we are av]se to4 --,accord+ z we act dur+ ?is =mative p]iod1 is our "* =m$2 & our capacity = v>i\s /ations 9 society det]m9$4 --,e>ly opportunities lo/1 _c be recov]$4 #c47 ,our /ate ( discipl9e ?r\gh\t ?is life1 = ano!r1 is exactly ( ! same k9d3 & compreh5d$ "u "o g5]al law4 --,if we c\ld n see h[ ! pres5t discipl9e fitt$ u = a high] life1 x w\ld be no objection4 ,we d n "k h[ food1 sleep1 c4 enl>ges ! *ild's body2 nor w\ld we expect su* a result1 prior to exp]i5ce4 ,nor d *ildr5 und]/& ! ne$ ( ex]cise1 temp]ance1 re/ra9t1 c4 --,we ?us see a g5]al analogy ( ,provid5ce indicat+ t ! pres5t life is prep>atory4 #d4 ,if virtue is a necess>y qualification = future happ9ess1 !n we see our ne$ ( ! moral culture ( our pres5t /ate4 #a47 ,analogy indicates t our future /ate w be social4 --,nature furni%es no %ad[ ( unreasonabl5ess 9 ! ,scripture doctr9e t ?is future community w be "u ! m imm$iate gov]nm5t ( ,god4 --,nor ! lea/ pro( t its memb]s w n require ! ex]cise ( v]acity1 ju/ice1 c4 t[>ds ea* o!r2 & t "* :i* results f ! practice ( su* virtues4 --,c]ta9ly ! univ]se is "u moral gov]nm5t2 & a virtu\s "* mu/1 9 "s way1 be a condition ( happ9ess 9 t /ate4 #b47 ,we are defici5t1 & 9 dang] ( deviat+ f :at is "r4 --,we h desires = outw>d objects4 --,! times1 degrees1 c4 ( gratify+ ^! desires1 are1 ( "r1 subject to ! control ( ! moral pr9ciple4 --,b t pr9ciple nei!r excites !m1 nor prev5ts _! be+ excit$4 --,!y may exi/1 :5 !y _c be lawfully gratifi$1 or gratifi$ at all4 --,:5 ! desire exi/s1 & ! gratification is unlawful1 we are tempt$4 #c47 ,! only security is ! pr9ciple )94 --,! /r5g!n+ ( ?is less5s ! dang]4 --,x may be /r5g!n$1 by discipl9e & ex]cise4 ,not+ examples4 ,att5d+ to ! "r1 & n to pref]5ce4 ,consid]+ our true int]e/s4 --,:5 improv$1 x becomes1 9 proportion to its /r5g?1 our security f ! dang]s ( natural prop5sions4 --,virtue1 become habitual by discipl9e1 is improv$ virtue2 & improv$ virtue mu/ produce increas$ happ9ess1 if ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w is moral4 #d47 ,ev5 creatures made upright may fall4 --,! fall ( an upright be+1 is n acc\nt$ = by ! nature ( lib]ty2 = t w\ld only be say+ t an ev5t happ5$ because x might happ54 --,b f ! v nature ( prop5sions4 --,a f9itely p]fect be+ w\ld h prop5sions correspond+ to its surr\nd+s2 its und]/&+2 & its moral s5se2 & all ^! 9 due proportions4 --,su* a be+ w\ld h prop5sions1 ?\gh ! object might n be pres5t1 or ! indulg5ce might be contr>y to its moral s5se2 & ?is w\ld h "s t5d5cy1 h[ev] small1 to induce gratification4 --,! t5d5cy w\ld be increas$ by ! frequ5cy ( occasions2 & yet m by ! lea/ indulg5ce1 ev5 9 ?\ght2 till1 "u peculi> conjunctures1 x w\ld become effect4 --,! fir/ transgression might s utt]ly disord] ! con/itution1 & *ange ! proportions ( =ces1 z to lead to a repetition ( irregul>ities2 & h5ce to ! con/ruction ( bad habits1 & a deprav$ "*4 #e47 ,on ! contr>y1 a f9itely p]fect be+ may atta9 high] virtue1 & m security1 by obey+ ! moral pr9ciple4 --,= ! dang] w\ld less51 by ! increas$ submissiv5ess ( prop5sions4 --,! moral pr9ciple w\ld ga9 =ce by ex]cise4 #f47 ,?us vice is n only crim9al1 b degrad+2 & virtue is n only "r1 b improv+4 --,! degree ( improvem5t may be su* t ! dang] ( s9n+ may be almo/ inf9itely less5$4 --,yet ! security may always be ! habits =m$ 9 a /ate ( discipl9e2 mak+ su* a /ate altoge!r fit & necess>y4 #g47 ,?is c\rse ( reason+ is va/ly /rong] :5 appli$ to fall5 & corrupt creatures4 --,! upright ne$ improvem5t2 ! fall5 mu/ be r5ew$4 --,discipl9e is exp$i5t = ! "o2 necess>y = ! o!r2 & ( a sev]] sort4 ,,ii4 ,! pres5t _w is peculi>ly fit = su* discipl9e z we ne$4 #a4 ,surr\nd+ evils t5d to produce mod]ation1 practical k1 c4 v diff]5t f a m]e speculative k ( our liability to vice & mis]y4 #b4 ,our exp]i5ce 9 ?is _w1 ) "r views & practice1 may leave et]nal impressions = good4 #c4 ,e act ( self-gov]nm5t 9 ! ex]cise ( virtue1 mu/1 f ! v make ( our nature1 =m habits ( virtue1 & a m int5se virtu\s pr9ciple4 #d4 ,resolute & p]sev]+ resi/ance to p>ticul> & viol5t temptations1 is a cont9u$ act ( virtue1 & t 9 a high] degree ?an if ! s$uction 7 transi5t & weak4 #e4 ,self-d5ial is n ess5tial to virtue1 b is almo/ ess5tial to discipl9e & improvem5t4 #a47 ,because actions mat]ially virtu\s1 :i* h no difficulty1 b agree ) our incl9ations1 may be done m]ely f incl9ation1 & s n be really virtu\s4 #b47 ,b :5 !y are done 9 face ( dang] & difficulty1 virtu\sness is increas$1 & confirm$ into a habit4 ,objec4 #a4 ,z our intellectual or physical p[]s may be ov]task$1 s may our moral4 ,ans4 ,?is may be s 9 exceptional cases1 b x does n confute ! argum5t4 ,9 g5]al1 x holds good4 ,all t is int5d$ to be prov$ is1 t ?is _w is int5d$ to be a /ate ( improvem5t1 & is fitt$ = x4 #a47 ,"s sci5ces :i* ( !mselves are highly improv+1 require a try+ measure ( att5tion1 :i* "s w n submit to4 #b47 ,x is admitt$ t ?is _w discipl9es _m to vice3 b ?is vici\sness ( _m is ! v ?+ :i* makes ! _w a virtu\s discipl9e to good m54 ,! :ole end 9 plac+ mank9d z !y are we "k n2 b ^! ?+s are evid5t--! virtues ( "s are ex]cis$3--& s ex]cis$ z to be improv$3 & improv$ beyond :at !y w\ld be 9 a p]fectly virtu\s community4 #c47 ,t all1 or ev5 ! g5]ality1 d n improve1 is no pro( t _! improvem5t 0 n int5d$4 ,( se$s & animals n "o 9 a million comes to p]fection2 yet su* z d1 evid5tly answ] an end = :i* !y 7 design$4 ,! appe>ance ( wa/e 9 reg>d to se$s1 c4 is j z unacc\ntable1 z ! ru9 ( moral ag5ts4 ,objec4 #b4 ,rectitude aris+ f hope & fe>1 is only ! discipl9e ( self-love4 ,ans4 ,ob$i5ce is ob$i5ce1 ?\gh prompt$ by hope or fe>3 & a c\rse ( su* ob$i5ce1 =ms a habit ( x3 & di/9ct habits ( v>i\s virtues1 by repress+ incl9ation :5ev] ju/ice1 v]acity1 c4 require4 ,beside1 v]acity1 ju/ice1 reg>d to ,god's au?ority1 & self-int]e/1 are co9cid5t2 & ea*1 sep>ately1 a j pr9ciple4 ,to beg9 a good life f ei!r ( !m1 & p]si/1 produces t v "* :i* corresponds to our relations to ,god1 & secures happ9ess4 ,objec4 #c4 ,! virtues requisite = a /ate ( afflictions1 & produc$ by x1 are n want$ to qualify u = a /ate ( happ9ess4 ,ans4 ,su* is n ! v]dict ( exp]i5ce4 ,passive submission is ess5tial to "r "*4 ,prosp]ity itself begets extravagant desires2 & imag9ation may produce z mu* discont5t z actual condition4 ,h5ce1 ?\gh we may n ne$ pati5ce 9 heav51 we %all ne$ t temp] :i* is =m$ by pati5ce4 ,self-love w\ld always co9cide ) ,god's comm&s1 :5 our int]e/ 0 rightly und]/ood2 b x is liable to error4 ,!re=e1 ,,habits ( resignation are necess>y1 = all creatures2 & ! prop] discipl9e = resignation is affliction4 ,objec4 #d4 ,! tr\ble & dang] ( su* discipl9e1 might h be5 avoid$ by mak+ u at once1 :at we are int5d$ to become4 ,ans4 ,:at we are to be1 is ! effect ( :at we are to d4 ,god's natural gov]nm5t is arrang$ n to save u f tr\ble or dang]1 b to enable & incl9e u to g ?r\gh !m4 ,x is z natural = u to seek means to obta9 ?+s1 z x is to seek ! ?+s2 & 9 worldly ?+s we are left to our *oice1 :e!r to improve our p[]s & s bett] our condition1 or to neglect improvem5t & s g )\t ! advantage4 ,analogy1 !re=e1 makes ! same arrangem5t cr$ible1 z to a future /ate4 ,,iii4 ,?is /ate ( discipl9e may be necess>y = ! display ( "*4 #a4 ,n to ! all-kn[+ ,be+1 b to 8 creation1 or "p ( x1 & 9 _m ways :i* we "k n4 #b4 ,x may be a means 9 dispos+ ( m5 accord+ to "*4 #c4 ,& ( %[+ creation t !y are s dispos$ (4 #d4 ,su* display ( "* c]ta9ly contributes1 l>gely1 to ! g5]al c\rse ( ?+s consid]$ 9 ?is *apt]4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,( ,,necessity ,,z ,,influ5c+ ,,conduct4 ,fatali/s h no "r to object to ,*ri/ianity1 = !y ( c\rse hold ! doctr9e to be compatible ) :at !y see 9 nature4 ,! "q is1 :e!r x be n equally compatible ) :at ,*ri/ianity tea*es4 ,to argue on ! supposition ( s great an absurdity z necessity1 is puzzl+2 & ! obscurity & puzzle ( ! argum5t mu/ !re=e be excus$4 ,i4 ,necessity does n de/roy ! pro( ( an intellig5t ,au?or & ,gov]nor ( ! _w4 #a4 ,x does n exclude design & delib]ation4 #a47 ,?is is matt] ( actual exp]i5ce & consci\sness4 --,necessity does n acc\nt = ! exi/5ce ( any ?+1 b is only a circum/ance relat+ to its orig94 ,in/ance ! case ( a h\se3 ! fatali/ admits t x _h a build]1 & ! only "q w\ld be1 0 he oblig$ to build x z he did8 #b47 ,x is ! same z to ! con/ruction ( ! _w4 ,to say x exi/s by necessity mu/ mean x _h a mak]1 :o act$ by necessity3 = necessity is only an ab/ract notion1 & c d no?+4 #c47 ,we say ,god exi/s by necessity1 because we intuitively disc]n t !re mu/ be an inf9ite ,be+1 prior to all causes2 b we _c say t e ?+ s exi/s4 ,! fact t _m *anges 9 nature are produc$ by man's contrivance is a pro( ( ?is4 #d47 ,?us ?\gh ! fatali/ does n *oose to mean by necessity an ag5t act+ necess>ily1 he is oblig$ to mean ?is4 #e47 ,& x also foll[s t a ?+'s be+ done by necessity does n exclude design4 #b4 ,x does n exclude a belief t we are 9 a /ate ( religion4 #a47 ,suppose a fatali/ to educate a *ild on 8 own pr9ciples1--viz43 t he _c d o!rwise ?an he does2 & is n subject to praise or blame4 7,x might be ask$1 w\ld he1 if possess$ ( common s5se1 s educate 8 *ild87 --,! *ild w\ld be delight$ ) 8 fre$om2 b w\ld soon prove a pe/1 & g to de/ruction4 --,he w\ld meet ) *ecks & rebuffs1 :i* w\ld tea* him t he 0 acc\ntable4 --,he w\ld1 9 ! end1 be conv9c$ ei!r t 8 doctr9e 0 wrong1 or t he _h reason$ inconclusively ^u x1 & misappli$ x4 #b47 ,to apply fatalism to practice1 9 any o!r way1 w\ld be f\nd equally fallaci\s3 e4g4 t he ne$ n take c>e ( 8 life4 #c47 ,no su* absurdity foll[s ! doctr9e ( fre$om4 --,reason+ on ?is gr\nd is ju/ifi$ by all exp]i5ce4 --,! con/itution ( ?+s is z if we 7 free4 #d47 ,if ! doctr9e ( necessity be true1 & yet1 :5 we apply x to life1 always misleads u2 h[1 !n1 c we be sure x w\ld n mislead u ) respect to future int]e/s8 #e47 ,x foll[s t if !re are pro(s ( religion on ! supposition ( fre$om1 !y are j z conclusive on ! supposition ( necessity4 #c4 ,x does n refute ! notion t ,god has a w & a "*4 #a47 ,x does n h9d] u f hav+ a w & a "*2 f be+ cruel1 or b5evol5t1 or j1 c4 #b47 ,if necessity be plead z ! excuse = crime1 x equally excuses ! puni%m5t ( crime2 = if x de/roys ! s9 ( ! "o1 x de/roys ! s9 ( ! o!r4 #c47 ,! v assumption ( inju/ice 9 puni%+ crime1 %[s t we _c rid ourselves ( ! notion ( ju/ice & inju/ice4 ,objec4 ,if necessity be reconcilable ) ! "* ( ,god1 z portray$ 9 ,*ri/ianity1 does x n de/roy ! pro( t he has t "*2 & s de/roy ! pro(s ( religion8 ,ans4 ,no4 ,happ9ess & mis]y are n our fate1 b ! results ( our conduct4 ,god's gov]nm5t is t ( a fa!r & a magi/rate2 & 8 natural rule ( gov]nm5t mu/ be v]acity & ju/ice4 ,we %all proce$ to %[ t1 ,,ii4 ,necessity does n de/roy ! pro(s ( religion4 #a4 ,x is a pla9 fact t ,god rew>ds & puni%es4 #a47 ,he has giv5 u a moral faculty1 by :i* we disc]n betwe5 actions1 & approve or disapprove1 c4 #b47 ,?is implies a rule1 a peculi> k9d ( rule2 i4e4 "o f :i* we _c dep>t )\t be+ self-condemn$4 #c47 ,! dictates ( our moral faculty are ,god's laws1 ) sanctions4 ,x n only raises a s5se ( duty1 b a s5se ( security 9 obey+1 & dang] 9 disobey+2 & ?is is an explicit sanction4 #d47 ,god's gov]nm5t mu/ con=m to ! nature he has giv5 u2 & we mu/ inf] t 9 ! up%ot happ9ess w foll[ virtue1 & mis]y vice4 #e47 ,h5ce religi\s wor%ip is a duty1 if only z a means ( keep+ up ! s5se ( ?is gov]nm5t4 #f47 ,no objection f necessity c lie aga9/ ?is c\rse ( pro(4 --,! conclusion is :olly & directly f facts2 n f :at might appe> to u to be fit1 b f :at 8 actions tell u he wills4 #b4 ,natural religion has ext]nal evid5ce :i* necessity1 if true1 does n affect4 #a47 ,suppose a p]son conv9c$ ( ! tru?s ( natural religion1 b ignorant ( hi/ory1 & ( ! pres5t /ate ( mank9d1 he w\ld inquire3 --,h[ ?is religion came8 --,h[ f> ! belief ( x ext5d$8 --,if he f\nd t "s "o _h totally prop\nd$ x1 z a d$uction ( reason1 !n1 ?\gh its evid5ces f reason w\ld n be impair$1 its hi/ory w\ld furni% no fur!r pro(4 #b47 ,b su* an "o w\ld f9d1 on ! contr>y1 --,t ess5tially x _h be5 pr(ess$ 9 all c\ntries4 --,& c be trac$ up ?r\gh all ages4 --,& 0 n reason$ out1 b reveal$4 #c47 ,^! ?+s are ( great weight4 --,%[+ natural religion to be con=m$ to ! common s5se ( mank9d4 --,& ei!r t x 0 reveal$1 or =ces itself ^u ! m9d4 --,! rude /ate ( ! e>ly ages leads to ! belief ( its be+ reveal$1 & su* is ! op9ion ( ! le>n$4 #c4 ,e>ly pret5ces to revelation indicate "s orig9al real "o f :i* !y 7 copi$4 --,! hi/ory ( revelation is z old z hi/ory itself4 --,su* a fact is a pro( ( religion1 aga9/ :i* !re is no presumption4 --,& indicates a revelation prior to ! exam9ation ( ! book said to conta9 x2 & indep5d5t ( all consid]ations ( its be+ corrupt$1 or d>k5$ by fables4 #d4 ,x is ?us app>5t t ! ext]nal evid5ce ( religion is consid]able2 & is n affect$ by ! doctr9e ( necessity4 ,,rem>ks4 #a4 ,! dang] ( tak+ cu/om1 c4 = our moral rule4 #a47 ,we are all liable to prejudice4 #b47 ,reason may be impair$1 p]v]t$1 or disreg>d$4 #c47 ,! matt] 9 h& is ( inf9ite mom5t4 #b4 ,! =ego+ obs]vations am\nt to practical pro(4 ,objec4 ,probabilities :i* _c be confut$1 may be ov]balanc$ by great] probabilities3 mu* m by demon/ration4 ,n[1 z ! doctr9e ( necessity mu/ be true1 x _c be t ,god gov]ns u z if we 7 free :5 he kn[s we are n4 ,ans4 ,?is br+s ! matt] to a po9t1 & ! answ] is n to be evad$1--viz43 t ! :ole con/itution & c\rse ( ?+s %[s ?is reason+ to be false1 be ! fallacy :]e x may4 ,! doctr9e ( fre$om %[s :]e1--viz43 9 suppos+ ourselves necess>y ag5ts :5 9 fact we are free4 ,admitt+ ! doctr9e ( necessity1 ! fallacy evid5tly lies 9 d5y+ t necess>y ag5ts are acc\ntable2 = t !y are rew>d$ & puni%$ is und5iable4 ,,conclusion4--,x foll[s t necessity1 if true1 nei!r proves t ,god w n make 8 creatures happy or mis]able accord+ to _! conduct1 nor de/roys ! pro(s t he w d s4 ,t is1 necessity1 practically1 is false4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,div9e ,,gov]nm5t ,a ,,s*eme ,,imp]fectly ,,compreh5d$4 ,moral gov]nm5t1 z a fact1 has n[ be5 consid]$2 x rema9s = u to remove objections aga9/ its wisdom & goodness4 ,a ?+ be+ true does n prove x to be good4 ,9 argu+ z to its tru?1 analogy c\ld only %[ x to be cr$ible4 ,b1 if a moral gov]nm5t be admitt$ z a fact1 analogy makes x cr$ible t x is a s*eme or sy/em1 & t man's compreh5sion ( x is necess>ily s limit$1 z to be inadequate to det]m9e its inju/ice4 ,?is we %all f9d to be ! case4 ,doctr9e4 ,,on ,,! ,,supposition ,,t ,,god ,,ex]cises ,,moral ,,gov]nm5t1 ,,! ,,analogy ,,( ,,nature ,,tea*es ,,t ,,x ,,mu/ ,,be ,a ,,s*eme1 ,,& ,,"o ,,q ,,beyond ,,our ,,compreh5sion4 ,i4 ,! ord]+ ( nature is a s*eme2 & makes x cr$ible by analogy1 t moral gov]nm5t is a s*eme4 #a4 ,! p>ts curi\sly correspond to ea* o!r2 individuals to individuals1 species to species1 ev5ts to ev5ts2 & all ^! bo? imm$iate & remote4 #b4 ,?is correspond5ce embraces all ! pa/1 & all ! future2 includ+ all creatures1 actions1 & ev5ts4 #a47 ,!re is no ev5t1 :i* does n dep5d = its occurr5ce on "s fur!r ?+1 unkn[n to u2 we _c give ! :ole acc\nt ( any "o ?+4 #b47 ,?+s app>5tly ! mo/ insignificant1 seem to be necess>y to o!rs1 ( ! greate/ importance4 #c4 ,if su* is ,god's natural gov]nm5t1 x is cr$ible t su* is 8 moral gov]nm5t4 #a47 ,9 fact !y are s bl5d$ z to make "o s*eme4 --,"o is subs]vi5t to ! o!r1 j z ! vegetable k+dom subs]ves ! animal1 & our animal organization subs]ves our m5tal4 --,e act ( ,god seems to look beyond ! occasion1 & to h ref]5ce to a g5]al plan4 --,!re is evid5tly a previ\s adju/m5t4 ,! p]iods1 c4 = try+ m54 ,! in/rum5ts ( ju/ice4 ,! k9ds ( retribution4 #b47 ,! :ole comprises a sy/em1 a v small "p ( :i* is kn[n to u3 !re=e no objections aga9/ any "p c be insi/$ on4 #c47 ,?is ignorance is univ]sally ackn[l$g$1 except 9 argu+ aga9/ religion4 ,t x ought to be a valid answ] to objections aga9/ religion1 we proce$ to %[4 --,suppose x to be ass]t$ t all evils might h be5 prev5t$ by repeat$ int]positions2 or t m good might h be5 s produc$2 :i* w\ld be ! utmo/ t c\ld be said3 /ill1 --,our ignorance w\ld v9dicate religion f any objections aris+ f app>5t disord]s 9 ! _w4 --,! gov]nm5t ( ! _w might be good1 ev5 on ^? suppositions2 = at mo/ !y c\ld b sugge/ t x might be bett]4 --,at any rate1 !y are m]e ass]tions4 --,in/ances may be alleg$1 9 ?+s mu* less out ( rea*1 ( suppositions palpably impossible1 :i* all d n see to be s3 nor any1 at fir/ sight4 #d47 ,x foll[s t our ignorance is a satisfactory answ] to all objections aga9/ ! div9e gov]nm5t4 --,an objection aga9/ an act ( ,provid5ce1 no way connect$ ) any o!r ?+1 z be+ unju/1 c\ld n be answ]$ by our ignorance4 --,b :5 ! objection is made aga9/ an act relat$ to o!r & unkn[n acts1 !n our ignorance is a full answ]4 --,"s unkn[n relation1 or unkn[n impossibility1 may r5d] ! act n only good1 b good 9 ! highe/ degree4 ,,ii4 ,consid] "s p>ticul> ?+s1 9 ! natural gov]nm5t ( ,god1 ! l ( :i* we may inf]1 by analogy1 to be conta9$ 9 8 moral gov]nm5t4 #a4 ,no ends are accompli%$ )\t means4 #a47 ,(t51 means v disagreeable br+ ! mo/ desirable results4 #b47 ,h[ means produce ends1 is n le>n$ by reason1 b exp]i5ce4 #c47 ,9 _m cases1 be=e exp]i5ce1 we %\ld h expect$ contr>y results4 #d47 ,h5ce we may inf] t ^? ?+s :i* are object$ aga9/ ,god's moral gov]nm5t1 produce good4 #e47 ,x is evid5t t our n see+ h[ ! means "w good1 or _! seem+ to h an opposite effect1 (f]s no presumption aga9/ _! fitness to "w good4 #f47 ,!y may n only be fit1 b ! only means ( ultimate good4 ,objec4 ,?\gh our capacity ( vice & mis]y may promote virtue1 & our suff]+ = s9 be bett] ?an if we 7 re/ra9$ by =ce1 yet x w\ld h be5 bett] if evil _h n ent]$ ! _w4 ,ans4 ,x is grant$ t ?\gh s9ful acts may produce b5efits1 to refra9 f !m w\ld produce m4 ,we h curative pa9s1 yet pa9 is n bett] ?an heal?4 #b4 ,natural gov]nm5t is c>ri$ on by g5]al laws4 #a47 ,nature %[s t ?is is be/3 all ! good we enjoy is because !re are g5]al laws4 ,!y enable u to =eca/ = ! procurem5t ( good4 #b47 ,x may n be possible1 by g5]al laws1 to prev5t all irregul>ities1 or rem$y !m4 #c47 ,direct int]positions might p]haps rem$y _m disord]s aris+ "u !m1 b ?is w\ld h bad effects4 --,enc\rag+ improvid5ce4 --,leav+ u no rule ( life4 --,e int]position w\ld h di/ant effects3 s t we c\ld n guess :at w\ld be ! :ole result4 ,if x be repli$ t ^? di/ant effects might also be correct$ by direct int]positions--?is is only talk+ at r&om4 ,objec4 ,if we are s ignorant z ?is :ole argum5t supposes1 we are too ignorant to und]/& ! pro(s ( religion4 ,ans4 #a4 ,total ignorance ( a subject precludes argum5t1 b p>tial ignorance does n4 ,we may1 9 v>i\s degrees1 "k a man's "*1 & ! way he is likely to pursue c]ta9 ends2 & yet n "k h[ he ought to act to ga9 ^? ends4 ,9 ?is case objections to 8 mode ( pursu+ ends may be answ]$ by our ignorance1 ?\gh t he does act 9 a c]ta9 mann] is capable ( pro(4 ,s we may h evid5ce ( ,god's "* & aims1 & yet n be compet5t judges z to 8 measures4 ,our ignorance is a good answ] to ! difficulties ( religion1 b no objection to religion itself4 ,ans4 #b4 ,if our ignorance did invalidate ! pro(s ( religion1 z well z ! objections1 yet is x und5iable t moral obligations rema9 unaffect$ by our ignorance ( ! consequ5ces ( ob$i5ce or violation4 ,! consequ5ces ( vice & virtue may n be fully kn[n1 yet x is cr$ible t !y may be su* z religion decl>es3 & ?is cr$ibility is an obligation1 9 po9t ( prud5ce1 to ab/a9 f s94 ,ans4 #c4 ,our answ]s to ! objections aga9/ religion1 are n equally valid aga9/ ! pro(s ( x4 ,answ]s rehe>s$4 ,ans4 #d4 ,our answ]s1 ?\gh !y may be said to be bas$ on our ignorance1 are really n s1 b on :at analogy tea*es conc]n+ our ignorance1--viz43 t x r5d]s u incompet5t judges4 ,!y are bas$ on exp]i5ce1 & :at we d "k2 s t to cr$it religion is to tru/ to exp]i5ce1 & to disreg>d x is ! contr>y4 ,,conclusion4 #a4 ,! reason+ ( ! la/ *apt] leads u to reg>d ?is life z "p ( a l>g] plan ( ?+s4 #a47 ,:e!r we are connect$ ) ! di/ant p>ts ( ! univ]se1 is unc]ta92 b x is v cle> we are connect$1 m or less1 ) pres5t1 pa/1 & future4 #b47 ,we are evid5tly 9 ! mid/ ( a s*eme1 n fix$ b progressive2 & "o equally incompreh5sible1 :e!r we reg>d ! pres5t1 pa/1 or future4 #b4 ,?is s*eme conta9s z mu* t is wond]ful z religion does3 = x c]ta9ly w\ld be z wond]ful t all nature came into exi/5ce )\t a ,creator1 z t !re %\ld be a ,creator3 & z wond]ful t ! ,creator %\ld act )\t any rule or s*eme1 z t he %\ld act ) "o2 or t he %\ld act by a bad rule1 r ?an a righte\s "o4 #c4 ,our v nature compels u to believe t ! w & "* ( ! ,au?or ( nature1 is j & good4 #d4 ,:atev] be 8 "*1 he =m$ ! _w z x is1 & controls x z he does1 & has assign$ u our "p & lot4 #e4 ,irrational creatures act _! "p1 & receive _! lot1 )\t reflection1 b creatures endu$ ) reason1 c h>dly avoid reflect+ :i!r we g1 & :at is ! s*eme1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* we f9d ourselves4 ,"h foll[s a recapitulation ( ! book4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,importance ,,( ,,*ri/ianity4 ,e "o mu/ admit t we ne$ a revelation4 ,few1 if any1 c\ld reason out a sy/em1 ev5 ( natural religion4 ,if !y c\ld1 !re is no probability t !y w\ld4 ,su* z might1 w\ld /ill feel ! want ( revelation4 ,to say t ,*ri/ianity is sup]flu\s1 is z wild z to say all are happy4 ,no exactness 9 att5d+ to natural religion c make ,*ri/ianity ( small importance4 ,if ,*ri/ianity be f ,god1 we mu/ obey1 unless we "k all 8 reasons = giv+ x3 & also t ^? reasons no long] exi/2 at lea/ 9 our case4 ,?is we _c "k4 ,! importance ( ,*ri/ianity appe>s if we reg>d x ,i4 ,z a republication ( natural religion4 #a4 ,x gives ! moral sy/em ( ! univ]se4 #a47 ,free f corruptions2 tea*+ t --,jehovah creat$ all ?+s4 -- 0 gov]ns all ?+s4 --,virtue is 8 law4 --,mank9d w be judg$ accord+ to "*4 #b47 ,x publi%es its facts au?oritatively4 #c47 ,) va/ly m cle>ness2 e4g4 ! doctr9es ( a future /ate3 dang] ( s93 efficacy ( rep5tance4 #d47 ,) ! advantage ( a visible *ur*1 di/+ui%$ f ! _w by peculi> in/itutions4 ,objec4 ,! p]v]sions ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! little good x has done4 ,ans4 #a4 ,natural religion is no less p]v]t$1 & has done less good4 #b4 ,! b5efits ( ,*ri/ianity are n small4 #c4 ,! evils ascrib$ to x1 are n its effects4 ,?+s are to be judg$ by _! g5u9e t5d5cies4 #d4 ,! light ( reason1 no m ?an revelation =ces acquiesc5ce4 #e47 ,) ! additional advantage t e ,*ri/ian1 is b\nd to in/ruct & p]suade o!rs4 ,,ii4 ,z conta9+ tru?s n discov]able by natural reason4 #a4 ,a mode ( salvation = ! ru9$4 #b4 ,duties unkn[n be=e4 #c4 ,our relations to ! ,son & ,holy ,gho/4 #a47 ,h5ce ! =m ( baptism4 #b47 ,pi\s reg>ds to ,*ri/1 & ! ,holy ,gho/1 bas$ on our relations to !m4 #d4 ,! mann] ( ext]nal wor%ip4 ,,iii4 ,! fe>ful haz>d ( neglect+ ,*ri/ianity4 #a4 ,^? :o ?9k natural religion suffici5t1 mu/ admit t ,*ri/ianity is highly important4 #b4 ,our relations to ,*ri/ be+ made kn[n1 our religi\s reg>d to him is an evid5t obligation4 #c4 ,^! relations be+ real1 !re is no reason to ?9k t our neglect ( behav+ suitably to !m1 w n be att5d$ ) ! same k9d ( consequ5ces z foll[ ! neglect ( duties made kn[n by reason4 #d4 ,if we are corrupt & deprav$1 & s unfit = heav51 & if we ne$ ,god's ,holy ,_s to r5ew our nature1 h[ c x be a slight ?+ :e!r we make use ( ! means = obta9+ su* assi/ance8 #e4 ,?us1 if ,*ri/ianity be ei!r true1 or m]ely cr$ible1 x is mo/ ra% & presumptu\s to treat x lightly4 ,,rem>ks4 #a4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 positive & moral obligations4 #a47 ,= moral precepts we c see ! reason3 = positive we _c4 #b47 ,moral duties are su* prior to comm&2 positive duties are su* because comm&$4 #c47 ,! mann] 9 :i* a duty is made kn[n1 does n make x moral or positive4 #b4 ,! gr\nd ( reg>d+ moral duties z sup]ior to positive4 #a47 ,bo? h ! nature ( moral comm&s4 #b47 ,if ! two conflict1 we mu/ obey ! moral4 --,positive in/itutions are means to moral ends4 --,ends are m excell5t ?an means4 --,ob$i5ce to positive in/itutions1 has no value b z proce$+ f moral pr9ciple4 #c47 ,bo? moral & positive duties are reveal$1 & s are on a level2 b ! moral law is also int]wov5 ) our v nature1 & s its precepts mu/ prevail :5 ! two int]f]e4 #c4 ,!re is less necessity = det]m9+ _! relative au?ority1 ?an "s suppose4 #a47 ,?\gh man is dispos$ to outw>d & ritual religion1 no?+ c give u acceptance ) ,god1 )\t moral virtue4 #b47 ,scripture always lays /ress on moral duties4 #c47 ,x is a great weakness1 ?\gh v common1 to make light ( positive in/itutions1 because less important ?an moral4 --,we are b\nd to obey all ,god's comm&s4 --,a precept1 m]ely positive1 admitt$ to be f ,god1 creates moral obligation1 9 ! /ricte/ s5se4 ,,conclusion4 ,?is acc\nt ( ,*ri/ianity %[s our great obligation to /udy ! ,scriptures4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,presumptions ,,aga9/ ,a ,,revelation1 ,,consid]$ ,,z ,,miracul\s4 ,hav+ %[n ! ne$ ( revelation1 we n[ exam9e ! presumptions aga9/ x4 ,! analogy ( nature is g5]ally suppos$ to af=d presumptions aga9/ miracles4 ,!y are deem$ to require /rong] evid5ce ?an o!r ev5ts4 ,i4 ,analogy furni%es no presumptions aga9/ ! g5]al s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity4 #a4 ,x is no presumption aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 t x is n ! discov]y ( reason1 or ( exp]i5ce4 #b4 ,nor is x a presumption aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 t x conta9s ?+s unlike ! app>5t c\rse ( nature4 #a47 ,we _c suppose e ?+1 9 ! va/ univ]se1 to be j l :at is ! c\rse ( nature 9 ?is little _w4 #b47 ,ev5 )9 ! pres5t compass ( our k1 we see _m ?+s greatly unlike4 #c4 ,if we *oose to call :at is unlike our kn[n c\rse ( ?+s1 miracul\s1 /ill t does n make x improbable4 ,,ii4 ,!re is no presumption aga9/ su* a revelation1 z we %\ld n[ call miracul\s1 be+ made1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! _w4 #a4 ,!re 0 !n no c\rse ( nature1 z to ?is _w4 #b4 ,:e!r man !n receiv$ a revelation involves a "q n ( miracles1 b ( fact4 #c4 ,creation 0 a v diff]5t ex]tion ( p[] f t :i* rules ! _w1 n[ x is made4 #d4 ,:e!r ! p[] ( =m+ /opp$ :5 man 0 made2 or w5t on1 & =m$ a religion = him1 is m]ely a "q z to ! degree or ext5t1 to :i* a p[] 0 ex]t$4 #e4 ,!re is !n no presumption f analogy aga9/ suppos+ man _h a revelation :5 creat$4 #f4 ,all tradition & hi/ory tea*es t he _h1 :i* am\nts to a real & mat]ial pro(4 ,,iii4 ,!re is no presumption aga9/ miracles1 or a miracul\s revelation1 aft] ! c\rse ( nature 0 settl$4 #a4 ,su* a presumption1 requires ! adduction ( "s p>allel case4 #b4 ,?is w\ld require u to "k ! hi/ory ( "s o!r _w4 #c4 ,ev5 !n1 if drawn f only "o o!r _w1 ! presumption w\ld be v prec>i\s4 ,to be m p>ticul>1 #a4 ,!re is a /rong presumption aga9/ any tru? till x is prov$--:i* yet is ov]come by almo/ any pro(4 --,h5ce ! "q ( a presumption aga9/ miracles1 involves only ! degree ( presumption1 7n :e!r ! presumption is peculi> to miracles17 & :e!r t degree is su* z to r5d] !m incr$ible4 #b4 ,if we leave out religion1 we are 9 total d>kness z to ! cause or circum/ances on :i* ! c\rse ( nature dep5ds4 --,five or six ?\s& ye>s may h giv5 occasion & reasons = miracul\s int]positions ( ,provid5ce4 #c4 ,tak+ 9 religion1 !re are di/9ct reasons = miracles2 to af=d additional in/ruction2 to atte/ ! tru? ( in/ruction4 #d4 ,miracles mu/ n be comp>$ ) common ev5ts1 b ) uncommon2 e>?quakes1 pe/il5ce1 c4 ,,conclusion4 #a4 ,!re are no analogies to r5d] miracles incr$ible4 #b4 ,on ! contr>y1 we see good reasons = !m4 #c4 ,!re are no presumptions aga9/ !m1 peculi> to !m1 z di/+ui%$ f o!r unusual ph5om5a4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,our ,,incapacity ,,( ,,judg+ ,,:at ,,%\ld ,,be ,,expect$ ,,9 ,a ,,revelation ,,f ,,god4 ,beside ! objectors to ! evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity1 !re are _m :o object to its nature4 ,!y say x is n full en\gh3 has 9 x fooli% ?+s3 gives rise to sup]/ition3 subs]ves tyranny3 is n univ]sally kn[n3 n well arrang$3 figurative language1 c4 ,x is grant$ t if x conta9$ immoralities or contradictions !y w\ld %[ x to be false4 ,b o!r objections aga9/ religion1 aside f objections aga9/ its evid5ces1 are frivol\s3 z w n[ be %[n4 ,let ! /ud5t look to ! =ce ( ! pro(s1 r ?an any consequ5ces :i* may be drawn f !m4 ,i4 ,! ,scripture in=ms u ( a s*eme ( gov]nm5t1 9 addition to ! mat]ial laws ( ! _w4 #a4 ,if bo? ^! s*emes1 ! physical & ! moral1 co9cide & =m "o :ole1 !n our inability to criticise ! sy/em ( nature1 r5d]s x cr$ible t we are incompet5t to criticise ! sy/em ( grace4 #b4 ,nature %[s _m ?+s we %\ld n h expect$1 prior to exp]i5ce4 #c4 ,h5ce x is altoge!r likely x w\ld be s 9 religion4 #d4 ,if a citiz5 is incompet5t to judge ( ! propriety ( ! g5]al laws ( 8 gov]nm5t1 he is equally incompet5t to judge :5 & h[ f> ^? laws %\ld be susp5d$1 or deviat$ f4 ,,ii4 ,we are no bett] judges ( h[ revelation %\ld be imp>t$4 ,:e!r to e man1 or to "s = o!rs2 or :at mode or degree ( pro( %\ld be giv52 or :e!r ! k %\ld be giv5 gradually or sudd5ly4 #a4 ,we are n able to judge h[ mu* new k ought to be giv5 by revelation4 #b4 ,nor h[ f>1 nor 9 :at way1 ,god %\ld qualify m5 to transmit any revelation he might make4 #c4 ,nor :e!r ! evid5ce %\ld be c]ta91 probable1 or d\btful4 #d4 ,nor :e!r all %\ld h ! same b5efit f x4 #e4 ,nor :e!r x %\ld be 9 writ+1 or v]bal4 ,if x be said t if n 9 writ+ x w\ld n h answ]$ its purpose3 ,i ask1 :at purpose8 ,:o kn[s :at purposes w\ld be/ suit ,god's g5]al gov]nm5t8 #f4 ,all :i* %[s x to be absurd to object to p>ticul> ?+s 9 revelation z unsuitable4 ,,iii4 ,h5ce ! only "q1 conc]n+ ! tru? ( revelation is1 :e!r x is a revelation4 #a4 ,no obscurities1 c4 c\ld ov]?r[ ! au?ority ( a revelation4 #b4 ,x c only be ov]?r[n by nullify+ ! pro(s4 #c4 ,?\gh ! pro(s c\ld be %[n to be less /rong ?an is affirm$1 x /ill %\ld control our conduct4 ,,iv4 ,modes ( argu+1 :i* are p]fectly j1 9 relation to o!r books1 are n s z to ! ,bible4 #a4 ,we are compet5t judges ( common books1 b n ( ,scripture4 #b4 ,our only inquiry %\ld be to f9d out ! s5se4 #c4 ,9 o!r books1 int]nal improbabilities weak5 ext]nal pro(2 b 9 reg>d to revelation1 we sc>cely "k :at are improbabilities4 #a47 ,^? :o judge ! ,scripture by preconceiv$ expectations1 w imag9e !y f9d improbabilities4 #b47 ,& s !y w\ld by ?us judg+ 9 natural ?+s4 --,x w\ld seem v improbable1 prior to exp]i5ce1 t man %\ld be bett] able to det]m9e ! magnitudes & motions ( heav5ly bodies1 ?an he is to det]m9e ! causes & cures ( disease1 :i* mu* m ne>ly conc]ns him4 --,or t we %\ld sometimes hit ^u a ?+ 9 an in/ant1 ev5 :5 ?9k+ ( some?+ else1 :i* we _h be5 va9ly try+ to discov] = ye>s4 --,or t language %\ld be s liable to abuse1 t e man may be a deceiv]4 --,or t brute in/9ct %\ld ev] be sup]ior to reason4 ,v4 ,su* obs]vations apply to almo/ all objections to ,*ri/ianity1 z di/+ui%$ f objections aga9/ its evid5ce4 ,= in/ance1 ! disord]ly mann] 9 :i* "s1 9 ! apo/olic age us$ _! miracul\s gifts4 #a4 ,?is does n prove ! acts n miracul\s4 #b4 ,! p]son hav+ any su* gift1 w\ld h ! same p[] ov] x :i* he w\ld h ov] any o!r ability1 & might p]v]t x4 #c4 ,to say :y 0 he n also endu$ ) prud5ce1 to re/ra9 its use1 is b say+ :y did n ,god give a high] degree ( miracul\s end[m5t8 ,z to :i* we are n compet5t judges4 #d4 ,god does n conf] 8 natural gifts1 7memory1 eloqu5ce1 k1 c47 only on ^? :o are prud5t & make ! be/ use ( !m4 #e4 ,nor is worldly in/ruction1 by educators1 commonly giv5 9 ! happie/ mann]4 ,,vi4 ,!re is a resemblance betwe5 religion & nature 9 sev]al o!r respects4 #a4 ,9 bo?1 common & necess>y ?+s1 are pla92 b to 8g on to p]fection0 9 ei!r1 requires exact & labori\s /udy4 #b4 ,! h9d]ances to bo? religi\s & physical k1 are ! same 9 k9d4 ,a m p]fect k may be br\ght ab\t1 #a47 ,by ! progress ( le>n+ & lib]ty4 #b47 ,by /ud5ts att5d+ to intimations ov]look$ by ! g5]ality4 #c4 ,x is n wond]ful t our k ( ,bible tru? %\ld be small2 = ! natural _w has laid op5 to inspection1 = ?\s&s ( ye>s1 & yet only lately are any great discov]ies made4 #d4 ,p]haps ^! sci5tific discov]ies1 are to be ! means ( op5+ & asc]ta9+ ,bible tru?4 ,objec4 ,! cases are n p>allel2 = natural k is ( no consequ5ce1 comp>$ to spiritual4 ,ans4 #a4 ,! cases are p>allel2 = natural k is z important to our natural well-be+1 z spiritual k is to our spiritual well-be+4 ,ans4 #b4 ,if ! cases 7 n p>allel1 !re are pl5ty ( o!r analogies1 :i* %[ t ,god does n disp5se 8 gifts accord+ to our notions ( _! value4 ,objec4 #b4 ,if ,*ri/ianity be int5d$ = ! recov]y ( m51 :y n soon] introduc$1 & m widely diffus$8 ,ans4 ,! objection is j z /rong aga9/ ! natural sci5ces4 ,nay1 if ! light ( nature & ( revelation are bo? f ! same s\rce1 we might expect t revelation w\ld h be5 introduc$ & diffus$ j z x is4 #a47 ,rem$ies = disease are kn[n b to a few1 or n kn[n at all1 nor to any )\t c>e & /udy4 #b47 ,:5 propos$ by discov]]s1 !y h be5 treat$ ) d]ision1 & ! use reject$ by ?\s&s :om !y might h cur$4 #c47 ,! be/ rem$ies h be5 us$ unskilfully1 & s made to produce m disease4 #d47 ,_! b5efit may come v sl[ly4 #e47 ,9 "s cases !y may be :olly ineffectual4 #f47 ,!y maybe s disagreeable t _m w n submit to use !m1 ev5 ) ! prospect ( a cure4 #g47 ,sometimes ! rem$y may be entirely out ( rea* if we 7 ready to take x4 ,all ?is reason+ may be appli$ to ,*ri/ianity4 ,,vii4 ,hav+ obviat$ all objections to ,*ri/ianity1 f its conta9+ ?+s we %\ld n h expect$1 we w n[ consid] ! objections aga9/ its morality4 #a4 ,reason may judge1 z to :e!r revelation conta9s ?+s contr>y to ju/ice1 & wisdom1 c4 z ^? attributes are taught by natural religion4 ,b no su* objections are advanc$1 except su* z w\ld equally condemn ! con/itution ( nature4 #b4 ,!re are inde$ p>ticul> precepts1 to p>ticul> p]sons1 :i* w\ld be immoral1 b = ! precept4 ,! precept *anges ! nature ( ! action4 #c4 ,none are contr>y to immutable morality4 ,we are nev] comm&$ to cultivate ! pr9ciples ( +ratitude1 trea*]y1 c4 #d4 ,god may comm& ! tak+ ( life or prop]ty because ^! are 84 #e4 ,! only real difficulty is1 t su* comm&s are liable to be p]v]t$ by ! wick$ to _! own horrid purposes2 & to mislead ! weak4 ,b su* objections d n lie aga9/ revelation1 z su*1 b aga9/ ! v notion ( religion z a trial4 #f4 ,! sum ( ! :ole is1 objections aga9/ ! s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity d n affect its tru?2 s9ce !re are no objections aga9/ its morality4 ,h5ce objections aga9/ x1 aside f its evid5ces1 are frivol\s4 ,objections aga9/ ! evid5ce1 w be consid]$ 9 a subsequ5t *apt]1 i4e4 *4 vii4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,*ri/ianity ,a ,,s*eme ,,imp]fectly ,,und]/ood4 ,9 ! la/ *apt] x 0 %[n t we might expect1 be=eh&1 t a revelation w\ld conta9 /range ?+s1 & ?+s liable to great objections4 ,?is abates ! =ce ( su* objections1 or r precludes !m4 ,b x may be said ?is does n %[ su* objectionable ?+s to be good1 or cr$ible4 ,x 0 a suffici5t answ] *4 vii4 "p i4 to objections aga9/ ! c\rse ( nature1 t x 0 a s*eme1 imp]fectly compreh5d$4 ,if ,*ri/ianity be a s*eme1 ! l objections admit ( a l answ]4 ,9 /udy+ ?is *apt]1 let *ap4 vii4 "p i4 be kept 9 view4 ,i4 ,*ri/ianity is a s*eme1 beyond our compreh5sion4 #a4 ,god's g5]al plan is to conduct ?+s gradually1 s t1 f9ally1 e "o %all receive :at he des]ves4 #b4 ,*ri/ianity is a p>ticul> arrangem5t1 "u ?is g5]al plan3 is a "p ( x1 & conduces to its completion4 #c4 ,x is itself a complicat$ & my/]i\s economy4 #a47 ,its arrangem5ts began f ! fall ( man4 #b47 ,v>i\s disp5sations1 patri>*al1 prophetic1 c4 7 prep>atory to x4 #c47 ,at a c]ta9 juncture 9 ! condition ( ! _w ,jesus ,*ri/ came4 #d47 ,! mission ( ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 "p ( ?is economy4 #e47 ,*ri/ n[ presides ov] x1 & w e/abli% ! *ur*1 judge ! _w1 give up ! k+dom1 c4 c4 #d4 ,( c\rse1 we c compreh5d b little ( su* a s*eme4 #e4 ,we pla9ly see1 f :at is reveal$1 t !re is v mu* unreveal$4 #f4 ,?us x is evid5t t we are z little capable ( judg+ z to ! :ole sy/em ( religion1 z we are z to ! :ole sy/em ( nature4 ,,ii4 ,9 bo? mat]ial & spiritual ?+s1 means are us$ to accompli% ends4 #a4 ,h5ce a ?+ may seem fooli% to u1 because we d n "k its object & end4 #b4 ,its seem+ fooli% to u1 is no pro( t x is s4 ,,iii4 ,*ri/ianity is c>ri$ on by g5]al laws1 no less ?an nature4 #a4 ,:y d we say !re are laws ( nature8 #a47 ,we inde$ "k "s su*4 ,b no?+ ( ! laws ( _m ?+s1 e4g4 ,pe/il5ce4 ,/orms4 ,e>?quakes4 ,div]sities ( human p[]s4 ,association ( ideas4 #b47 ,h5ce we call _m ?+s accid5tal1 :i* we "k are n matt]s ( *ance1 b are subject to g5]al laws4 #c47 ,x is a v little way t we c trace ?+s to _! g5]al laws4 #d47 ,we attribute _m ?+s to su* laws1 only by analogy4 #b4 ,j = ! same reasons1 we say t miracles comport ) ,god's g5]al laws ( wisdom4 ,^! laws may be unkn[n to u2 b no m s ?an ^? by :i* "s die z soon z born1 or live to old age1 or h sup]ior und]/&+s1 c4 #c4 ,we see no m reason to reg>d ! frame & c\rse ( nature z a s*eme1 ?an we h to reg>d ,*ri/ianity z su*4 #a47 ,if ! fir/ is a s*eme1 !n ,*ri/ianity1 if true1 w\ld be likely to be a s*eme4 #b47 ,z ,*ri/ianity is reveal$ b 9 "p1 & is an arrangem5t to accompli% ends1 !re w\ld ( c\rse seem to u1 9 x1 irregul>ities2 j z we see 9 nature4 #c47 ,!re=e objections aga9/ ! "o1 are answ]$ 9 ! same mann] z objections aga9/ ! o!r4 99 99 99 99 99 ,hav+1 9 a previ\s *apt]1 *4 iii41 answ]$ objections to ,*ri/ianity z a matt] ( fact1 & 9 ?is1 z a g5]al "q ( wisdom & goodness1 ! next ?+ is to discuss objections 9 p>ticul>4 ,z "o ( ^! is direct$ aga9/ ! s*eme1 z j n[ describ$1 x w be consid]$ "h4 ,objec4 ,*ri/ianity is a r\ndab\t1 & p]plex$ contrivance2 j su* z m51 = want ( und]/&+ or p[]1 are oblig$ to adopt1 9 _! designs4 ,ans4 #a47 ,god uses j su* complex arrangem5ts 9 ! natural _w4 ,! my/]y is q z great 9 nature z 9 grace4 #b47 ,we d n "k :at are means1 & :at are ends4 #c47 ,! natural _w1 & its gov]nm5t1 are n fix$1 b progressive4 #d47 ,great l5g? ( "t is requir$ 9 "s *anges2 e4g4 animals1 vegetables1 geological p]iods1 c4 #e47 ,"o /ate ( life is a prep>ation & means = atta9+ ano!r4 #f47 ,man is impati5t1 b ,jehovah delib]ate4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,( ,a ,,m$iator1 ,,& ,,r$emption ,,by ,,him4 ,no?+ 9 ,*ri/ianity is s mu* object$ to z ! position assign$ to ,*ri/2 yet no?+ is m unju/4 ,! :ole _w exhibits m$iation4 ,i4 ,our exi/5ce1 & all its satisfactions1 are by ! m$ium ( o!rs4 #a4 ,if s 9 ! natural _w1 :y n 9 ! spiritual8 #b4 ,! objection !re=e is n only aga9/ ,*ri/'s m$iation1 b all m$iation4 ,,ii4 ,we _c "k all ! ends = :i* ,god puni%es1 nor by :om he %\ld puni%4 #a4 ,future puni%m5t may be z natural a sequ5ce ( s91 z a brok5 limb is ( fall+ f a precipice4 #b4 ,?is is n tak+ puni%m5t out ( ! h&s ( ,god1 & giv+ x to nature2 x is only di/+ui%+ ord9>y ev5ts f miracul\s4 ,,iii4 ,9 natural provid5ce1 ,god has made provision t ! bad consequ5ces ( actions d n always foll[4 #a4 ,we may say ,god c\ld h prev5t$ all evil4 ,b we see he p]mits x1 & has provid$ relief1 & ev5 sometimes p]fect rem$ies = x4 #a47 ,?us ! bad consequ5ces ( trifl+ on a precipice may be prev5t$ by a fri5d1 if we d n reject 8 assi/ance4 #b47 ,we may ourselves d mu* t[>ds prev5t+ ! bad consequ5ces ( our misde$s4 #c47 ,/ill m if assi/$4 #b4 ,x might h be5 p]fectly j if x 7 n s2 b t x is s1 %[s compassion1 z di/+ui%$ f goodness4 #c4 ,! c\rse ( nature af=ds _m in/ances ( su* compassion4 #d4 ,?us analogy sanctions an arrangem5t1 by :i* ! ru9\s consequ5ces ( vice or folly may be av]t$1 at lea/ 9 "s cases4 #e4 ,if ! consequ5ces ( ra% & inconsid]ate acts1 :i* we sc>cely call vici\s1 are (t5 s s]i\s1 we may appreh5d t ! bad consequ5ces w be great]1 9 proportion z ! irregul>ity is great]4 #f4 ,a dissolute disreg>d to all religion1 if !re be a religion1 is incomp>ably m repreh5sible ?an ! m]e neglects1 imprud5cies1 c4 ( ?is life4 #g4 ,z ! effects ( worldly imprud5ce & vice are (t5 mis]y1 ru91 & ev5 dea?1 no "o c say :at may be ! consequ5ces ( blasphemy1 contempt ( ,god1 & f9al imp5it5ce4 #h4 ,nor c any "o tell1 h[ f> ! consequ5ces ( su* great wick$ness c possibly be prev5t$1 consi/5tly ) ! et]nal rule ( "r4 #i4 ,/ill !re w\ld1 f analogy1 be "s hope ( room = p>don4 ,,iv4 ,!re is no probability t any ?+ we c\ld d alone1 w\ld entirely prev5t ! effects ( our irregul>ities4 #a4 ,we d n "k all ! reasons = puni%m5t1 nor :y x %\ld be fit to remit puni%m5t4 #b4 ,nor d we "k all ! consequ5ces ( vice1 & s %\ld n "k h[ to prev5t !m4 #c4 ,vice impairs m5's abilities = help+ !mselves4 #d4 ,misconduct makes assi/ance necess>y1 :i* o!rwise w\ld n h be54 ,:y %\ld n ! same ?+s be s1 z to our future int]e/s8 #e4 ,9 temporal ?+s1 behav+ well 9 "t to come1 does n repair old errors1 :y %\ld x z to future ?+s8 #f4 ,7 x s 9 all cases x w\ld be contr>y to all our notions ( gov]nm5t4 #g4 ,x c\ld n be det]m9$ 9 :at degree1 or 9 :at cases1 x w\ld be s1 ev5 if we knew x might 9 "s cases4 #h4 ,! efficacy ( rep5tance1 z urg$ 9 opposition to atonem5t1 is contr>y to ! g5]al s5se ( mank9d2 z %[n by ! preval5ce ( propitiatory sacrifices4 ,v4 ,9 ?is /ate ( appreh5sion1 awak5$ by ! light ( nature1 revelation comes 91 & tea*es positively1 ! possibility ( p>don & safety4 #a4 ,confirms our fe>s z to ! unprev5t$ consequ5ces ( s94 #b4 ,decl>es ! _w to be 9 a /ate ( ru94 #c4 ,t rep5tance alone w n secure p>don4 #d4 ,t !re is a mode ( p>don1 by int]position4 #e4 ,t ,god's moral gov]nm5t is compassionate1 z well z 8 natural gov]nm5t4 #f4 ,t he has provid$1 by ! int]position ( a m$iator1 to save m54 #g4 ,all ?is seems to put man 9 a /range /ate ( helpless degradation4 ,b x is n ,*ri/ianity :i* puts him s4 ,all philosophy & hi/ory %[ man to be degrad$ & corrupt4 ,,vi4 ,scripture1 9 addition to confirm+ ! dim te/imony ( ! light ( nature1 reveals a ,*ri/1 z m$iator & propitiatory sacrifice4 #a4 ,he is 8t prophet40 #a47 ,decl>$ ! w ( ,god4 #b47 ,publi%$ anew ! law ( nature4 #c47 ,taught ) au?ority4 #d47 ,reveal$ ! "r mann] ( wor%ip4 #e47 ,reveal$ ! exact use ( rep5tance4 #f47 ,reveal$ future rew>ds & puni%m5ts4 #g47 ,set u a p]fect example4 #b4 ,he has a k+dom :i* is n ( ?is _w4 #a47 ,f\nd$ a *ur*4 #b47 ,gov]ns x4 #c47 ,( x1 all :o obey him are memb]s4 #d47 ,ea* ( ^! %all live & reign ) him =ev]4 #c4 ,he is a propitiatory sacrifice4 #a47 ,h[ 8 sacrifice becomes efficaci\s1 we are n exactly told4 #b47 ,conjectures may be absurd2 at lea/ _c be c]ta94 #c47 ,if any compla9 = want ( fur!r in/ruction1 let him produce 8 claim to x4 #d47 ,"s1 because !y _c expla91 leave x out ( _! cre$2 & reg>d ,*ri/ only z a tea*]4 #e47 ,we _h bett] accept ! b5efit1 )\t disput+ ab\t h[ x 0 procur$4 ,,vii4 ,we are n judges1 antec$5t to revelation1 :e!r a m$iator 0 necess>y1 nor :at %\ld be ! :ole nature ( 8 (fice4 #a4 ,we "k n h[ future puni%m5t w\ld h be5 inflict$4 #b4 ,nor all ! reasons :y x w\ld be necess>y4 #c4 ,! satisfaction by ,*ri/1 does n repres5t ,god z indiff]5t :e!r he puni%es ! innoc5t or guilty4 #a47 ,we see1 9 ?is _w1 ! innoc5t =c$ to suff] = ! faults ( ! guilty4 #b47 ,b ,*ri/ suff]$ volunt>ily4 #d4 ,?\gh1 f9ally1 e "o %all receive accord+ to 8 own des]ts2 yet1 dur+ ! progress ( ,god's s*eme1 vic>i\s suff]+s may be necess>y4 #a47 ,god comm&s u to assi/ o!rs1 ?\gh 9 _m cases x co/s u suff]+ & toil4 #b47 ,"o p]son's suff]+s (t5 t5d to relieve ano!r4 #e4 ,vic>i\s atonem5t = s9n]s1 s]ves to v9dicate ! au?ority ( ,god's laws1 & to det] m5 f s94 #f4 ,objections to vic>i\s suff]+ are obvi\sly n objections to ,*ri/ianity1 b to ! :ole c\rse ( nature4 #g4 ,! objection1 !re=e1 am\nts to no?+ m ?an say+ t a div9e arrangem5t is n necess>y1 or fit1 because ! objector does n see x to be s2 ?\gh he mu/ own he is no judge1 & c\ld n und]/& :y x %\ld be necess>y1 if x 7 s6 ,,viii4 ,we h no reason to expect ! same in=mation t\*+ ,god's conduct1 z we h 9 relation to our own duty4 #a4 ,god in/ructs u by exp]i5ce4 #b4 ,?is exp]i5ce1 ?\gh suffici5t = our purposes1 is an inf9itely small "p ( 8 provid5ce4 #c4 ,! ?+s n und]/ood involve ,god's appo9tm5t1 & ,*ri/'s execution2 b :at is requir$ ( u1 we are cle>ly in=m$4 #d4 ,ev5 ! reasons = ,*ri/ian precepts are made obvi\s4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,suppos$ ,,lack ,,( ,,pro( ,,( ,,revelation1 ,,& ,,its ,,want ,,( ,,univ]sality4 ,x has be5 ?\ght to be a positive argum5t aga9/ revelation1 t its evid5ces are n adequate1 & t x is n univ]sally kn[n & believ$4 ,b ! argum5t am\nts to j ?is1 t ,god w\ld n be/[ on u any favor1 except 9 su* a mode & degree z we ?\ght be/1 & did exactly ! same = ev]ybody else4 ,su* a notion1 all analogy contradicts4 ,i4 ,m5 act 9 _! mo/ important conc]ns on d\btful evid5ce4 #a4 ,x is (t5 absolutely impossible to say :i* ( two modes ( act+ w give mo/ pleasure or pr(it4 #b4 ,if x 7 possible1 we _c "k :at *anges temp]1 satiety1 ill heal?1 c4 might produce1 s z to de/roy our pleasure4 #c4 ,we _c =esee :at accid5ts may cut x all (f4 #d4 ,/rong objections & difficulties may atta* to ! c\rse ( action we adopt1 :i* yet all w\ld admit ought n to det] u4 #e4 ,we may1 aft] all1 be deceiv$ by appe>ances1 or by our passions1 c4 #f4 ,m5 ?9k x reasonable to engage 9 pursuit ( advantage1 ev5 :5 ! probabilities ( success are aga9/ !m4 ,,ii4 ,z to ! light ( ,*ri/ianity n be+ univ]sal4 #a4 ,temporal good is enjoy$ 9 v diff]5t degrees ev5 among creatures ( ! same species4 #b4 ,yet x is c]ta9 t ,god gov]ns4 #c4 ,we may prud5tly or imprud5tly use our good ?+s4 #d4 ,! ,jewi% religion 0 n univ]sal4 #e4 ,if x be int5d$ t ,*ri/ianity %\ld be a small light1 %9+ 9 a great & wide-spread d>kness1 x w\ld be p]fectly uni=m ) o!r p>ts ( ,god's provid5ce4 #f4 ,if "s h ,*ri/ianity s corrupt$1 & int]polat$1 z to cause ?\ghtful p]sons to d\bt x1 z is ! case 9 "s c\ntries2 & if1 :]e x is ! pure/1 "s le>n mu* less f x ?an !y might1 !re are manife/ p>allels 9 ,god's natural disp5sations4 #g4 ,no m is expect$ ( any "o1 ?an is equitable "u 8 circum/ances4 #h4 ,e "o is b\nd to get rid ( 8 ignorance1 z f> z he c1 & to in/ruct 8 neighbor4 #i4 ,if revelation 7 univ]sal1 9 ext5t & degree1 diff]5t und]/&+s1 educations1 temp]s1 l5g? ( lives1 & outw>d advantages1 w\ld soon make ! k ( x z diff]5t z x is at pres5t4 ,,iii4 ,practical reflections4 ,fir/4 ,t ! evid5ce ( religion is n su* z unavoidably to conv9ce all1 may be "p ( our probation4 #a4 ,x gives scope = a wise or vici\s use ( our und]/&+4 ,j z is ! case 9 common affairs4 #b4 ,intellectual inatt5tion to s s]i\s a matt]1 is z immoral1 z disob$i5ce aft] conviction ( ! tru?4 ,secondly4 ,if ! evid5ce is really d\btful1 x puts u on probation4 #a4 ,if a man 7 9 d\bt :e!r a c]ta9 p]son _h done him ! greate/ favor1 or :e!r 8 :ole temporal int]e/ dep5d$ on him1 he ought n to reg>d t p]son z he w\ld if !re 7 no reason to ?9k s4 #b4 ,s if !re is only reason to appreh5d t ,*ri/ianity may be true1 we are z mu* b\nd to exam9e1 c4 z we w\ld be b\nd to obey1 if we knew x 0 true4 #c4 ,consid]+ ! inf9ite importance ( religion1 !re is n mu* diff]5ce z to :at ought to be ! mode ( life ( ^? :o are conv9c$ & ^? :o d\bt its tru?4 ,_! hopes & fe>s are ! same 9 k9d1 ?\gh n 9 degree2 & s _! obligations are mu* ! same4 #d4 ,d\bts presuppose "s evid5ce1 belief m1 & c]ta9ty m /ill4 ,ea* /ate %\ld influ5ce our conduct1 & does s1 9 common ?+s4 #e4 ,x %[s a m5tal defect n to see evid5ce unless x is gl>+2 & a corrupt he>t n to be influ5c$ by x unless ov]p[]+4 ,?irdly4 ,difficulties z to believ+ religion1 are no m a gr\nd ( compla9t1 ?an difficulties 9 practis+ x4 #a4 ,!y con/itute a :olesome discipl9e4 #a47 ,9 all[+ an unfair m9d to deceive itself4 #b47 ,9 requir+ belief & ! practice ( virtue "u "s unc]ta9ties4 #b4 ,9 ! case ( "s m9ds1 speculative difficulties z to ! evid5ce ( religion is ! pr9cipal trial4 ,a full conviction ( its tru? w\ld con/ra9 "s to ob$i5ce4 ,f\r?ly4 ,! difficulties may be 9 ! objector r ?an 9 ! religion4 #a4 ,n suffici5tly 9 e>ne/ to be in=m$4 #b4 ,secretly wi%es religion n to be true4 #c4 ,looks at objections r ?an replies4 #d4 ,treats ! subject ludicr\sly4 ,fif?ly4 ,! pro( ( ,*ri/ianity is level to common m54 #a4 ,!y are capable ( be+ conv9c$ ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 & ( _! moral acc\ntability4 #b4 ,& !y c und]/& ! evid5ce ( miracles1 & ! fulfilm5t ( prophecy4 #c4 ,if !y are capable ( see+ ! difficulty1 !y are capable ( und]/&+ ! pro(4 #d4 ,if !y pick up objections f he>say1 & w n or _c exam9e !m ?or\ghly1 !y mu/ rema9 ignorant1 j z !y d z to ! sci5ces4 ,objec4 ,our directions %\ld be too pla9 to admit ( d\bt2 l ^? ( an e>?ly ma/]4 ,ans4 ,! e>?ly ma/] only wants 8 "w done1 & is c>eless z to ! /ate ( ! he>t2 b z ! :ole ( morality consi/s 9 ! /ate ( ! he>t1 ! cases are n p>allel4 ,f9ally4 ,! cr$ibility ( our be+ 9 a /ate ( probation is j z great z ! cr$ibility ( !re be+ any religion4 ,our probation may be :e!r we *oose to in=m ourselves z to our duty1 & !n :e!r we *oose to d x4 ,su* is exactly ! case z to temporal matt]s4 ,to disc]n :at is be/ (t5 requires difficult consid]ation1 & yet leaves d\bts3 & n reflect+ c>efully1 or n act+ ev5 :5 !re may be d\bt1 is (t5 fatal4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,positive ,,evid5ces ,,( ,,*ri/ianity4 ,hav+ consid]$ ! objections bo? to ! g5]al s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity1 & to p>ticul> doctr9es 9 x1 x only rema9s to consid] ! positive evid5ce ( its tru?2 i4e4 :at analogy tea*es ) reg>d to t evid5ce4 ,!re are _m evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity1 beside ^? f miracles or prophecy1 :i* are ! pr9cipal2 embrac+ a great v>iety ( pro(s1 direct & collat]al1 & rea*+ ?r\gh all pa/ "t4 ,we %all n[ consid] ! pro(s f ,,miracles & ,,prophecy4 ,i4 ,miracles4 #a4 ,bible hi/ory gives ! same evid5ce = ! miracles describ$1 z = common ev5ts4 #a47 ,! miracles are evid5tly n put 9 = ornam5t1 z spee*es are by hi/orians & poets put into ! m\?s ( h]oes4 #b47 ,! acc\nts ( !m h be5 quot$ z g5u9e1 by v>i\s writ]s1 f t day to ?is4 #c47 ,^! acc\nts are confirm$ by subsequ5t ev5ts2 & ! miracles alone1 c acc\nt = ^? ev5ts4 #d47 ,! only fair way ( acc\nt+ = ^! /atem5ts1 & _! reception 9 ! _w1 is t ! ?+s really happ5$4 #e47 ,! /atem5ts %\ld be admitt$ till disprov$1 ev5 if d\btful4 #b4 ,paul's ,epi/les h evid5ces ( g5u95ess1 beyond :at c atta* to m]e hi/ory4 #a47 ,additional4 ,8 evid5ce is q deta*$4 ,he receiv$ ! gospel n 9 common ) ! o!r apo/les1 b sep>ately1 & direct f ,*ri/1 aft] 8 asc5sion4 #b47 ,peculi>4 ,he speaks ( ,*ri/'s miracles & ^? ( o!rs incid5tally1 z famili> facts1 fully believ$ by ^? to :om he wrote4 #c4 ,*ri/ianity dem&s cr$5ce on ! gr\nd ( its miracles1 & 0 s receiv$ by great numb]s1 at ! "t & on ! spot2 :i* is ! case ) no o!r religion4 #a47 ,its fir/ conv]ts embrac$ x on ?is gr\nd4 #b47 ,x is n conceivable t !y w\ld h done s1 at su* fe>ful sacrifice1 unless fully satisfi$ ( ! tru? ( ^! miracles4 #c47 ,su* a pr(ession & sacrifices furni% ! same k9d ( evid5ce z if !y _h te/ifi$ to ! tru? ( ! miracles 9 writ+4 #d47 ,x is real evid5ce1 = !y _h full opportunity to in=m !mselves4 #e47 ,x is a sort ( evid5ce di/9ct f direct hi/ory1 ?\gh ( ! same nature4 #f47 ,m5 are suspici\s z well z cr$ul\s1 & sl[ to believe aga9/ _! int]e/s1 z ^! did4 #d4 ,x lies ^u unbeliev]s to %[ :y all ?is array ( pro( is to be reject$2 b 9 su* an important conc]n we %all proce$ to notice "s possible objections4 ,objec4 #a4 ,en?usia/s make simil> sacrifices = idle follies4 ,ans4 #a4 ,?is objection ignores ! di/9ction betwe5 op9ions & facts4 ,suff]+ = an op9ion is no pro( ( its tru?2 b 9 atte/ation ( obs]v$ facts1 x is pro(4 #b4 ,en?usiasm weak5s te/imony1 x is true1 ev5 z to facts2 & s does disease1 9 p>ticul> in/ances4 ,b :5 great numb]s1 n weak1 nor neglig5t1 affirm t !y saw & he>d c]ta9 ?+s1 x is ! fulle/ evid5ce4 #c4 ,to reject te/imony on ! gr\nd ( en?usiasm1 requires t ! ?+s te/ifi$ be incr$ible2 :i* has n be5 %[n1 z to religion1 b ! contr>y4 #d4 ,religion is n ! only ?+ 9 reg>d to :i* witnesses are liable to en?usiasm4 ,9 common matt]s1 we get at ! tru? ?r\gh witnesses1 ?\gh influ5c$ by p>ty _s1 cu/om1 humor1 romance1 c4 c4 ,objec4 #b4 ,en?usiasm & knav]y may h be5 comb9$ 9 ! apo/les & fir/ ,*ri/ians4 ,ans4 ,su* a mixture is (t5 se51 & is (t5 reprov$ 9 ,scripture2 b n m 9 religi\s ?an 9 common affairs4 ,m5 9 all matt]s deceive !mselves & o!rs1 9 e degree1 yet human te/imony is good gr\nd ( belief4 ,objec4 #c4 ,m5 h be5 delud$ by false miracles4 ,ans4 ,n (t5] ?an by o!r pret5ces4 ,objec4 #d4 ,fabul\s miracles h hi/orical evid5ce4 ,ans4 #a4 ,if ?is 7 equal to t = ,scripture miracles1 ! evid5ce = ! latt] w\ld n be impair$4 ,! objection really am\nts to ?is1 t evid5ce prov$ n to be good1 de/roys evid5ce :i* is good & unconfut$6 ,or to ?is1 t if two m51 ( equal reputation1 te/ify1 9 cases n relat$ to ea* o!r1 & "o is prov$ false1 ! o!r mu/ n be believ$6 #b4 ,no?+ c rebut te/imony1 b pro( t ! witness is incompet5t1 or misl$4 #c4 ,aga9/ all su* objections mu/ be set ! fact t ,*ri/ianity 0 too s]i\s a matt] to all[ ! fir/ conv]ts to be c>eless z to its evid5ce2 & also t _! religion =bid !m to deceive o!rs4 ,,ii4 ,z to ! evid5ce f prophecy4 #a4 ,obscurity z to "p ( a prophecy does n invalidate x1 b is1 z to u1 z if t "p 7 n writt51 or 7 lo/4 ,we may n see ! :ole prophecy fulfill$1 & yet see en\gh fulfill$ to p]ceive 9 x m ?an human =esight4 #b4 ,a long s]ies ( prophecies1 all applicable to c]ta9 ev5ts1 is pro( t su* ev5ts 7 int5d$4 ,?is answ]s ! objection t p>ticul> prophecies 7 n int5d$ to be appli$ z ,*ri/ians apply !m4 ,my?ological & satirical writ+s greatly resemble prophecy4 ,n[ we apply a p>able1 or fable1 or satire1 m]ely f see+ x capable ( su* application4 ,s if a long s]ies ( prophecies be applicable to ! pres5t /ate ( ! _w1 or to ! com+ ( ,*ri/1 x is pro( t !y 7 s int5d$4 ,besides1 ! anci5t ,jews1 be=e ,*ri/1 appli$ ! prophecies to him1 j z ,*ri/ians d n[4 #c4 ,if x c\ld be %[n t ! prophets did n und]/& _! own pr$ictions1 or t _! prophecies are capable ( be+ appli$ to o!r ev5ts ?an ^? to :i* ,*ri/ians apply !m1 x w\ld n abate ! =ce ( ! argum5t f prophecy1 ev5 ) reg>d to ^? in/ances4 ,=1 #a47 ,to "k ! :ole mean+ ( an au?or we mu/ "k ! :ole mean+ ( 8 book1 b kn[+ ! mean+ ( a book is n kn[+ ! :ole m9d ( ! au?or4 #b47 ,if ! book is a compilation1 ! au?ors may h mean+s deep] ?an ! compil] saw4 ,if ! prophets spoke by inspiration1 !y are n ! au?ors1 b ! writ]s ( prophecy1 & may n h kn[n all t ! ,div9e ,_s int5d$4 ,b ! fulfilm5t ( ! prophecy %[s a =esight m ?an human4 ,,rem>k4 ,?is :ole argum5t is j & real2 b x is n expect$ t ^? w be satisfi$ :o w n submit to ! p]plexity & labor ( und]/&+ x2 or :o h n mode/y & fairness en\gh to all[ an argum5t its due weight2 or :o wilfully disc>d ! :ole inve/igation4 ,,! ,,g5]al ,,argum5t ,we n[ proce$ to ,,! ,,g5]al ,,argum5t embrac+ bo? direct & circum/antial evid5ce4 ,a full discussion w\ld require a volume1 & _c be expect$ "h2 b some?+ %\ld be said1 especially z mo/ que/ions ( difficulty1 9 practical affairs1 are settl$ by evid5ce aris+ f circum/ances :i* confirm ea* o!r4 ,! ?+ ass]t$ is t ,god has giv5 u a revelation decl>+ himself to be a moral gov]nor2 /at+ 8 sy/em ( gov]nm5t2 & disclos+ a plan = ! recov]y ( mank9d out ( s91 & rais+ !m to p]fect & f9al happ9ess4 ,i4 ,consid] ?is revelation z a hi/ory4 #a4 ,x furni%es an acc\nt ( ! _w1 z ,god's _w4 #a47 ,god's provid5ce1 comm&s1 promises1 & ?reat5+s4 #b47 ,di/+ui%es ,god f idols4 #c47 ,describes ! condition ( religion & ( its pr(essors1 9 a _w consid]$ z apo/ate & wick$4 #d47 ,political ev5ts are relat$ z affect+ religion1 & n = _! importance z m]e political ev5ts4 #e47 ,! hi/ory is cont9u$ by prophecy1 to ! end ( ! _w4 #b4 ,x embraces a va/ v>iety ( o!r topics2 natural & moral4 #a47 ,?us furni%+ ! l>ge/ scope = criticism4 #b47 ,s t d\bts ( its tru? confirm t tru?1 = 9 ?is enlight5$ age ! claims ( a book ( su* a nature c\ld be easily & f9ally %[n to be false1 if !y 7 s4 #c47 ,none :o believe 9 natural religion1 hold t ,*ri/ianity has be5 ?us confut$4 #c4 ,x conta9s a m9ute acc\nt ( ,god's select+ "o nation = 8 peculi> p1 & ( 8 deal+s ) !m4 #a47 ,int]positions 9 _! behalf4 #b47 ,?reats ( disp]sion1 c4 if !y rebell$4 #c47 ,promises ( a ,messiah z _! pr9ce2 s cle>ly z to raise a g5]al expectation1 c4 #d47 ,=etell+ 8 rejection by !m1 & t he %\ld be ! ,savior ( ! ,g5tiles4 #d4 ,describes m9utely ! arrival ( ! ,messiah1 & 8 life & labors2 & ! result1 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( a new religion4 ,,ii4 ,z to ! au!nticity ( ?is hi/ory4 ,suppose a p]son ignorant ( all hi/ory b ! ,bible1 & n kn[+ ev5 t to be true1 7 to inquire into its evid5ce ( au!nticity1 he w\ld f9d1 #a4 ,t natural religion owes its e/abli%m5t to ! tru?s conta9$ 9 ?is book4 ,?is no m disproves natural religion1 ?an our le>n+ a proposition f ,euclid1 %[s t ! proposition 0 n true be=e ,euclid4 #b4 ,! great antiquity ( revelation4 #c4 ,t its *ronology is n contradict$ b confirm$ by kn[n facts4 #d4 ,t !re is no?+ 9 ! hi/ory itself to awak5 suspicion ( its fidelity4 #a47 ,e ?+ said to be done 9 any age or c\ntry1 is con=mable to ! mann]s ( t age & c\ntry4 #b47 ,! *>act]s are all p]fectly natural4 #c47 ,all ! dome/ic & political incid5ts are cr$ible4 ,"s ( ^!1 tak5 alone1 seem /range to "s1 9 ?is day2 b n m s ?an ?+s n[ occurr+4 #d47 ,transcrib]s may h made errors1 b ^! are n m num]\s ?an 9 o!r anci5t books2 & none ( !m impair ! n>rative4 #e4 ,t pr(ane au?ors confirm ,scripture acc\nts4 #f4 ,t ! cr$ibility ( ! g5]al hi/ory1 confirms ! acc\nts ( ! miracles1 = !y are all int]wov51 & make b "o /atem5t4 #g4 ,t !re c]ta9ly 0 & is su* a p z ! ,jews2 ^: =m ( gov]nm5t 0 f\nd$ on ^! v books ( ,moses2 & ^: ackn[l$gm5t ( ! ,god ( ! ,bible1 kept !m a di/9ct race4 #h4 ,t "o ,jesus1 ( ,jewi% extraction1 arose at ! "t :5 ! ,jews expect$ a ,messiah1 0 reject$ by !m1 z 0 prophesi$1 & 0 receiv$ by ! ,g5tiles1 z 0 prophesi$4 #i4 ,t ! religion ( ?is ,jesus spread till x became ! religion ( ! _w1 not)/&+ e sort ( resi/ance2 & has cont9u$ till n[4 #aj4 ,t ! ,jewi% gov]nm5t 0 de/roy$1 & ! p disp]s$ into all l&s2 & /ill = _m c5turies1 cont9ue to be a di/9ct race1 pr(ess+ ! law ( ,moses4 ,if ?is sep>at5ess be acc\nt$ =1 9 any way1 x does n de/roy ! fact t x 0 pr$ict$4 ,,conclusion4 #a4 ,recapitulation ( ! prec$+ t5 obs]vations4 #b4 ,add ! fact t !re are obvi\s appe>ances 9 ! _w1 aside f ! ,jews1 :i* correspond to prophetic hi/ory4 #c4 ,^! appe>ances1 comp>$ ) ,bible hi/ory1 & ) ea* o!r1 9 a jo9t view1 w appe> to be ( great weight1 & w\ld impress "o :o reg>d$ !m = ! fir/ "t1 m ?an !y d u :o h be5 famili> ) !m4 #d4 ,! prec$+ discussion1 ?\gh n ?or\gh1 am\nts to pro( ( some?+ m ?an human 9 ?is matt]4 #a47 ,! suffici5cy ( ^! pro(s may be d5i$1 b ! exi/5ce ( !m _c be4 #b47 ,! con=mity ( prophecies to ev5ts may be said to be accid5tal1 b ! con=mity itself _c be d5i$4 #c47 ,^! collat]al pro(s may be pron\nc$ fanciful1 b x _c be said !y are no?+4 ,probabilities may n am\nt to demon/ration1 b !y rema9 probabilities4 #e4 ,^? :o w set d[n all seem+ completions ( prophecy1 & judge ( !m by ! common rules ( evid5ce1 w f9d t toge!r !y am\nt to /rong pro(4 ,because probable pro(s1 add$ toge!r1 n only increase evid5ce1 b multiply x4 #f4 ,x is v well to obs]ve objections2 b x %\ld be rememb]$ t a mi/ake on "o side is f> m dang]\s ?an a mi/ake on ! o!r2 & ! safe/ conclusion is ! be/4 #g4 ,religion1 l o!r ?+s1 is to be judg$ by all ! evid5ce tak5 toge!r4 ,unless all its pro(s be ov]?r[n1 x rema9s prov$4 ,if no pro( s+ly 7 suffici5t1 ! :ole tak5 toge!r might be4 #h4 ,x is mu* easi] to />t an objection1 ?an to compreh5d ! unit$ =ce ( a :ole argum5t4 #i4 ,?us x appe>s t ! positive evid5ce ( revelation _c be de/roy$1 ?\gh x %\ld be less5$4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,objections ,,aga9/ ,,! ,,analogical ,,argum5t4 ,if all made up _! m9ds ) prop] c>e & c&or1 !re w\ld be no ne$ ( ?is *apt]4 ,b "s d n try to und]/& :at !y condemn2 & our mode ( argum5t is op5 to objections1 especially 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o judge )\t ?9k+4 ,! *ief objections w !re=e be consid]$4 ,!y are ^!3--x does n solve difficulties 9 revelation to say t !re are z great 9 natural religion3--x w n make m5 religi\s to %[ !m t x is z important z worldly prud5ce1 = %[+ t1 does n make !m prud5t3--! ju/ice ( ,god 9 ! sy/em ( religion1 is n prov$ by %[+ x is z app>5t z 9 8 natural provid5ce3--no reason+ f analogy c c>ry full conviction3--mank9d w n r5\nce pres5t pleasures1 = a religion :i* is n free f d\bt4 ,to ea* ( :i* a reply w n[ be giv54 ,i4 ,z to requir+ a solution ( all difficulties4 #a4 ,?is is b resolv+ to compreh5d ! nature ( ,god1 & ! :ole plan ( 8 gov]nm5t ?r\gh\t et]nity4 #b4 ,x is always "r to argue f :at is kn[n1 to :at is disput$4 ,we are con/antly s do+4 ,! mo/ em95t physician does n und]/& all diseases1 yet we d n despise :at he does "k4 #c4 ,x is v important to f9d t objections aga9/ revelation are j z /rong1 n only aga9/ natural religion1 b aga9/ ! c\rse ( nature4 ,,ii4 ,z to m5's hav+ z little reason = worldly pursuits1 z !y h = be+ religi\s4 #a4 ,if m5 c be conv9c$ t !y h z mu* reason to be religi\s z !y h to practise worldly prud5ce1 !n !re is a reason = be+ religi\s4 #b4 ,if religion proposes great] ?an worldly int]e/s1 & has ! same reasons = belief1 !n x has proportionally a great] claim4 #c4 ,if religion be+ left d\btful1 proves x to be false1 !n d\bts z to ! success ( any worldly pursuit %[ x to be wrong4 ,yet we con/antly act1 ev5 9 ! mo/ important affairs1 )\t c]ta9ty ( be+ "r4 ,,iii4 ,z to ! ju/ice & goodness ( ,god 9 religion4 #a4 ,our bus9ess is n to v9dicate ,god1 b to le>n our duty1 gov]n$ z we are2 :i* is a v diff]5t ?+4 ,x has be5 %[n t if we knew all ?+s1 pres5t1 pa/1 & future1 & ! relations ( ea* ?+ to all o!r ?+s1 we might see to be j & good :at n[ d n seem s3 & x is probable we %\ld4 #b4 ,we d n say t objections aga9/ ,god's ju/ice & goodness are remov$ by %[+ ! l objections aga9/ natural provid5ce1 b t !y are n conclusive1 because !y apply equally to :at we "k to be facts4 #c4 ,! exi/5ce ( objections does n de/roy ! evid5ce ( facts4 ,! fact = in/ance t ,god rew>ds & puni%es1 ?\gh m5 may ?9k x unju/4 ,ev5 necessity1 plead = human acts1 does no m to aboli% ju/ice ?an x does inju/ice4 #d4 ,?\gh ! reasonabl5ess ( ,*ri/ianity _c be %[n f analogy1 ! tru? ( x may4 ,! tru? ( a fact may be prov$ )\t reg>d to its quality4 ,! reasonabl5ess ( obey+ ,*ri/ianity is prov$1 if we b>ely prove ,*ri/ianity itself to be possible4 #e4 ,?\gh analogy may n %[ ,*ri/ian precepts to be good1 x proves !m to be cr$ible4 ,,iv4 ,! analogical argum5t does n remove d\bt4 #a4 ,:at op9ion does any man hold1 ab\t :i* !re c be no d\bt8 ,ev5 ! be/ way ( pres]v+ & enjoy+ ?is life1 is n agre$ ^u4 ,:e!r our measures w accompli% our objects1 is always unc]ta92 & /ill m :e!r ! objects1 if accompli%$1 w give u happ9ess4 ,yet m5 d n on ?is acc\nt refuse to make ex]tion4 #b4 ,?is objection ov]looks ! v nature ( religion4 ,! embrac+ ( x presupposes a c]ta9 degree ( c&or & integrity1 to try :i*1 & ex]cise1 & improve x1 is its int5tion4 ,j z w>n+ a man ( dang]1 presupposes a disposition to avoid dang]4 #c4 ,religion is a probation1 & has evid5ce en\gh z su*2 & w\ld n be su*1 if x compell$ ass5t4 #d4 ,we nev] mean by suffici5t evid5ce1 su* an am\nt z necess>ily det]m9es a man to act1 b only su* z w %[ an action to be prud5t4 ,v4 ,z to ! small influ5ce ( ! analogical argum5t4 #a4 ,z j obs]v$1 religion is a te/1 & an ex]cise1 ( "*2 & t "s reject x is no?+ to our purpose4 ,we are inquir+ n :at sort ( creature man is1 b :at he %\ld be4 ,?is is ea* man's own conc]n4 #b4 ,religion1 z a probation1 accompli%es its end1 :e!r individuals believe or n4 #c4 ,ev5 ?is objection admits t religion has "s weight1 & ( c\rse x %\ld h "s influ5ce2 & if s1 !re is ! same reason1 ?\gh n s /rong1 = publi%+ x1 t !re w\ld be1 if x 7 likely to h great] influ5ce4 ,,fur!r4 ,x mu/ be consid]$ t ! reason+ 9 ?is treatise is on ! pr9ciples ( o!r m51 & argum5ts ( ! utmo/ importance are omitt$1 because n univ]sally admitt$4 ,?us z to ,fatalism1 & ! ab/ract fitness or unfitness ( actions4 ,! g5]al argum5t is j a "q ( fact1 & is "h s treat$4 ,ab/ract tru?s are usually advanc$ z pro(2 b 9 ?is "w1 only facts are adduc$4 ,t ! ?ree angles ( a triangle are equal to two "r angles1 is an ab/ract tru?3 b t !y s appe> to u1 is only a matt] ( fact4 ,t !re is su* a ?+ z ab/ract "r & wrong1 :i* det]m9es ! w ( ,god 9 rew>d+ & puni%+1 is an ass]tion ( an ab/ract tru?1 z well z a fact4 ,suppose ,god 9 ?is _w rew>d$ & puni%$ e man exactly z he obey$ or disobey$ 8 consci5ce1 ?is w\ld n be an ab/ract tru?1 b a fact4 ,& if all ackn[l$g$ ?is z a fact1 all w\ld n see x to be "r4 ,if1 in/ead ( 8 do+ x n[1 we say he w d x h]eaft]1 ?is too is n an ab/ract tru?1 b a "q ( fact4 ,?is fact c\ld be fully prov$ on ! ab/ract pr9ciples ( moral fitness2 b )\t !m1 !re has n[ be5 giv5 a conclusive practical pro(2 :i* ?\gh x may be cavill$ at1 & %[n n to am\nt to demon/ration1 _c be answ]$4 ,h5ce x may be said z to ! =ce ( ?is treatise1 #a4 ,to su* z are conv9c$ ( ! tru? ( revelation1 z prov$ on ! pr9ciples ( lib]ty & moral fitness1 x w furni% a full confirmation4 ,to su* z d n admit ^? pr9ciples x is an orig9al pro(4 #b4 ,^? :o believe w f9d objections remov$1 & ^? :o disbelieve w f9d !y h no gr\nds = _! scepticism2 & a good deal beside4 #c4 ,?us ?\gh "s may ?9k too mu* is "h made ( analogy1 yet !re c be no d5y+ t ! argum5t is real4 ,x confirms all facts to :i* x c be appli$2 & ( _m is ! only pro(4 ,x is /rong on ! side ( religion1 & ought to be reg>d$ by su* z pref] facts to ab/ract reason+s4 ,,conclusion4 ,recapitulates ! g5]al /ructure & design ( ! argum5t1 ! classes ( p]sons = ^: b5efit x is p>ticul>ly adopt$1 & decl>es ^? :o reject ,*ri/ianity to be :olly )\t excuse4 ,adv]tisem5t prefix$ to ! ,fir/ ,edition4 ,if ! read] %\ld "h meet ) any ?+ :i* he _h n be=e att5d$ to1 x w n be 9 ! obs]vations ^u ! con/itution & c\rse ( nature1 ^! be+ all obvi\s1 b 9 ! application ( !m2 9 :i*1 ?\gh !re is no?+ b :at appe>s to me ( "s real weight1 & !re=e ( great importance1 yet he w obs]ve sev]al ?+s1 :i* w appe> to him ( v little1 if he c ?9k ?+s to be ( little importance1 :i* are ( any real weight at all1 ^u su* a subject ( religion4 ,h[ev]1 ! prop] =ce ( ! foll[+ treatise lies 9 ! :ole g5]al analogy consid]$ toge!r4 ,x is come1 ,i "k n h[ to be tak5 = grant$1 by _m p]sons1 t ,*ri/ianity is n s mu* z a subject ( inquiry2 b t x is1 n[ at l5g?1 discov]$ to be fictiti\s4 ,accord+ly !y treat x1 z if1 9 ! pres5t age1 ?is 7 an agre$ po9t among all p ( disc]nm5t2 & no?+ rema9$1 b to set x up z a pr9cipal subject ( mir? & ridicule1 z x 7 by way ( reprisals1 = its hav+ s long int]rupt$ ! pleasures ( ! _w4 ,on ! contr>y1 ?us mu* at lea/1 w be "h f\nd1 n tak5 = grant$ b prov$1 t any reasonable man1 :o w ?or\ghly consid] ! matt]1 may be z mu* assur$1 z he is ( 8 own be+1 t x is n s cle> a case1 t !re is no?+ 9 x4 ,!re is1 ,i ?9k1 /rong evid5ce ( its tru?2 b x is c]ta9 no "o c1 ^u pr9ciples ( reason1 be satisfi$ ( ! contr>y4 ,! practical consequ5ce to be drawn f ?is1 is n att5d$ to by e "o :o is conc]n$ 9 x4 ,may1 #agcf4 ,,introduction4 ,probable evid5ce is ess5tially di/+ui%$ f demon/rative by ?is1 t x admits ( degrees2 & ( all v>iety ( !m1 f ! highe/ moral c]ta9ty1 to ! v l[e/ presumption4 ,we _c inde$ say a ?+ is probably true ^u "o v slight presumption = x2 because1 z !re may be probabilities on bo? sides ( a "q1 !re may be "s aga9/ x2 & ?\gh !re be n1 yet a slight presumption does n beget t degree ( conviction1 :i* is impli$ 9 say+ a ?+ is probably true4 ,b t ! slighte/ possible presumption is ( ! nature ( a probability1 appe>s f h5ce2 t su* l[ presumption1 (t5 repeat$1 w am\nt ev5 to moral c]ta9ty4 ,?us a man's hav+ obs]v$ ! ebb & fl[ ( ! tide to-day1 af=ds "s sort ( presumption1 ?\gh ! l[e/ imag9able1 t x may happ5 aga9 to-morr[3 b ! obs]vation ( ?is ev5t = s _m days1 & mon?s1 & ages toge!r1 z x has be5 obs]v$ by mank9d1 gives u a full assurance t x w4 ,t :i* *iefly con/itutes probability is express$ 9 ! ^w likely1 i4e4 l "s tru?1#f or true ev5t2 l x1 9 itself1 9 its evid5ce1 9 "s 7m or few]7 ( its circum/ances4#g ,= :5 we det]m9e a ?+ to be probably true1 suppose t an ev5t has or w come to pass1 x is f ! m9d's rem>k+ 9 x a lik5ess to "s o!r ev5t1 :i* we h obs]v$ has come to pass4 ,?is obs]vation =ms1 9 numb]less daily in/ances1 a presumption1 op9ion1 or full conviction1 t su* ev5t has or w come to pass2 accord+ z ! obs]vation is1 t ! l ev5t has sometimes1 mo/ commonly1 or always1 s f> z our obs]vation rea*es1 come to pass at l di/ances ( "t1 or place1 or ^u l occasions4 ,h5ce arises ! belief1 t a *ild1 if x lives tw5ty ye>s1 w gr[ up to ! /ature & /r5g? ( a man2 t food w contribute to ! pres]vation ( its life1 & ! want ( x = su* a numb] ( days1 be its c]ta9 de/ruction4 ,s likewise ! rule & measure ( our hopes & fe>s conc]n+ ! success ( our pursuits2 our expectations t o!rs w act s & s 9 su* circum/ances2 & our judgm5t t su* actions proce$ f su* pr9ciples2 all ^! rely ^u our hav+ obs]v$ ! l to :at we hope1 fe>1 expect1 judge2 ,i say1 ^u our hav+ obs]v$ ! l1 ei!r ) respect to o!rs or ourselves4 ,?us1 ! pr9ce#h :o _h always liv$ 9 a w>m climate1 naturally conclud$ 9 ! way ( analogy1 t !re 0 no su* ?+ z wat]'s becom+ h>d1 because he _h always obs]v$ x to be fluid & yield+4 ,we1 on ! contr>y1 f analogy conclude1 t !re is no presumption at all aga9/ ?is3 t x is supposable !re may be fro/ 9 ,engl& any giv5 day 9 ,janu>y next2 probable t !re w on "s day ( ! mon?2 & t !re is a moral c]ta9ty1 i4e4 gr\nd = an expectation )\t any d\bt ( x1 9 "s "p or o!r ( ! w9t]4 ,probable evid5ce1 9 its v nature1 af=ds b an imp]fect k9d ( in=mation2 & is to be consid]$ z relative only to be+s ( limit$ capacities4 ,= no?+ :i* is ! possible object ( k1 :e!r pa/1 pres5t1 or future1 c be probable to an inf9ite intellig5ce2 s9ce x _c b be disc]n$ absolutely z x is 9 itself1 c]ta9ly true1 or c]ta9ly false4 ,b to u1 probability is ! v guide ( life4 ,f ^! ?+s x foll[s1 t 9 que/ions ( difficulty1 or su* z are ?\ght s1 :]e m satisfactory evid5ce _c be _h1 or is n se52 if ! result ( exam9ation be1 t !re appe>s ^u ! :ole1 any ev5 ! l[e/ presumption on "o side1 & none on ! o!r1 or a great] presumption on "o side1 ?\gh 9 ! l[e/ degree great]2 ?is det]m9es ! "q1 ev5 9 matt]s ( speculation4 ,9 matt]s ( practice1 x w lay u "u an absolute & =mal obligation1 9 po9t ( prud5ce & ( int]e/1 to act ^u t presumption or l[ probability1 ?\gh x be s l[ z to leave ! m9d 9 v great d\bt :i* is ! tru?4 ,= surely a man is z really b\nd 9 prud5ce to d :at ^u ! :ole1 accord+ to ! be/ ( 8 judgm5t1 appe>s to be = 8 happ9ess1#i z :at he c]ta9ly kn[s to be s4 ,fur!r1 9 que/ions ( great consequ5ce1 a reasonable man w ?9k x conc]ns him to rem>k l[] probabilities & presumptions ?an ^!2 su* z am\nt to no m ?an %[+ "o side ( a "q to be z supposable & cr$ible z ! o!r3 nay1 su* ev5 z b am\nt to mu* less ?an ?is4 ,= numb]less in/ances might be m5tion$ respect+ ! common pursuits ( life1 :]e a man w\ld be ?\ght1 9 a lit]al s5se1 di/ract$1 :o w\ld n act1 & ) great application too1 n only ^u an ev5 *ance1 b ^u mu* less1 & :]e ! probability or *ance 0 greatly aga9/ 8 succe$+4#aj ,x is n my design to inquire fur!r into ! nature1 ! f\ndation1 & measure ( probability2 or :5ce x proce$s t lik5ess %\ld beget t presumption1 op9ion1 & full conviction1 :i* ! human m9d is =m$ to receive f x1 & :i* x does necess>ily produce 9 e "o2 or to gu>d aga9/ ! errors1 to :i* reason+ f analogy is liable4 ,?is belongs to ! subject ( ,logic2 & is a "p ( t subject :i* has n yet be5 ?or\ghly consid]$4 ,inde$ ,i %all n take ^u me to say1 h[ f> ! ext5t1 compass1 & =ce1 ( analogical reason+1 c be r$uc$ to g5]al heads & rules2 & ! :ole be =m$ into a sy/em4 ,b ?\gh s little 9 ?is way has be5 attempt$ by ^? :o h treat$ ( our intellectual p[]s1 & ! ex]cise ( !m2 ?is does n h9d] b t we may be1 z we unque/ionably are1 assur$1 t analogy is ( weight1 9 v>i\s degrees1 t[>ds det]m9+ our judgm5t & our practice4 ,nor does x 9 any wise cease to be ( weight 9 ^? cases1 because p]sons1 ei!r giv5 to dispute1 or :o require ?+s to be /at$ ) great] exactness ?an our faculties appe> to admit ( 9 practical matt]s1 may f9d o!r cases 9 :i* x is n easy to say1 :e!r x be1 or be n1 ( any weight2 or in/ances ( seem+ analogies1 :i* are really ( none4 ,x is en\gh to ! pres5t purpose to obs]ve1 t ?is g5]al way ( argu+ is evid5tly natural1 j1 & conclusive4 ,= !re is no man c make a "q b t ! sun w rise to-morr[1 & be se51 :]e x is se5 at all1 9 ! figure ( a circle1 & n 9 t ( a squ>e4 ,h5ce1 namely f analogical reason+1 ,orig5#aa has ) s+ul> sagacity obs]v$1 t 8he :o believes ! ,scripture to h proce$$ f him :o is ! ,au?or ( nature1 may well expect to f9d ! same sort ( difficulties 9 x1 z are f\nd 9 ! con/itution ( nature40 ,& 9 a l way ( reflection x may be add$1 t he :o d5ies ! ,scripture to h be5 f ,god ^u acc\nt ( ^! difficulties1 may1 = ! v same reason1 d5y ! _w to h be5 =m$ by him4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if !re be an analogy or lik5ess betwe5 t sy/em ( ?+s & disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 :i* revelation in=ms u (1 & t sy/em ( ?+s & disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 :i* exp]i5ce toge!r ) reason in=ms u (1 i4e4 ! kn[n c\rse ( nature2 ?is is a presumption1 t !y h bo? ! same au?or & cause2 at lea/ s f> z to answ] objections aga9/ ! =m]'s be+ f ,god1 drawn f any ?+ :i* is analogical or simil> to :at is 9 ! latt]1 :i* is ackn[l$g$ to be f him2 = an ,au?or ( nature is "h suppos$4 ,=m+ our notions ( ! con/itution & gov]nm5t ( ! _w ^u reason+1 )\t f\ndation = ! pr9ciples :i* we assume1 :e!r f ! attributes ( ,god1 or any ?+ else1 is build+ a _w ^u hypo!sis1 l ,des ,c>tes4 ,=m+ our notions ^u reason+ f pr9ciples :i* are c]ta91 b appli$ to cases to :i* we h no gr\nd to apply !m1 7l ^? :o expla9 ! /ructure ( ! human body1 & ! nature ( diseases & m$ic9es1 f m]e ma!matics17 is an error mu* ak9 to ! =m]3 s9ce :at is assum$ 9 ord] to make ! reason+ applicable1 is ,hypo!sis4 ,b x mu/ be all[$ j1 to jo9 ab/ract reason+s ) ! obs]vation ( facts1 & argue f su* facts z are kn[n1 to o!rs t are l !m2 f t "p ( ! div9e gov]nm5t ov] intellig5t creatures :i* comes "u our view1 to t l>g] & m g5]al gov]nm5t ov] !m :i* is beyond x2 & f :at is pres5t1 to collect :at is likely1 cr$ible1 or n incr$ible1 w be h]eaft]4 ,?is me?od !n ( conclud+ & det]m9+ be+ practical1 & :at1 if we w act at all1 we _c b act ^u 9 ! common pursuits ( life2 be+ evid5tly conclusive1 9 v>i\s degrees1 proportionable to ! degree & exactness ( ! :ole analogy or lik5ess2 & hav+ s great au?ority = its introduction into ! subject ( religion1 ev5 reveal$ religion2 my design is to apply x to t subject 9 g5]al1 bo? natural & reveal$3 tak+ = prov$1 t !re is an intellig5t ,au?or ( nature1 & natural ,gov]nor ( ! _w4 ,= z !re is no presumption aga9/ ?is prior to ! pro( ( x3 s x has be5 (t5 prov$ ) accumulat$ evid5ce2 f ?is argum5t ( analogy & f9al causes2 f ab/ract reason+s2 f ! mo/ anci5t tradition & te/imony2 & f ! g5]al cons5t ( mank9d4 ,nor does x appe>1 s f> z ,i c f9d1 to be d5i$ by ! g5]ality ( ^? :o pr(ess !mselves dissatisfi$ ) ! evid5ce ( religion4 ,z !re are "s1 :o1 in/ead ( ?us att5d+ to :at is 9 fact ! con/itution ( nature1 =m _! notions ( ,god's gov]nm5t ^u hypo!sis3 s !re are o!rs1 :o indulge !mselves 9 va9 & idle speculations1 h[ ! _w might possibly h be5 fram$ o!rwise ?an x is2 & ^u supposition t ?+s might1 9 imag9+ t !y %\ld1 h be5 dispos$ & c>ri$ on aft] a bett] model1 ?an :at appe>s 9 ! pres5t disposition & conduct ( !m4#ab ,suppose n[ a p]son ( su* a turn ( m9d1 to g on ) 8 rev]ies1 till he _h at l5g? fix$ ^u "s p>ticul> plan ( nature1 z appe>+ to him ! be/4--,"o %all sc>ce be ?\ght guilty ( detraction aga9/ human und]/&+1 if "o %\ld say1 ev5 be=eh&1 t ! plan :i* ?is speculative p]son w\ld fix ^u1 ?\gh he 7 ! wise/ ( ! sons ( m51 probably w\ld n be ! v be/1 ev5 accord+ to 8 own notions ( be/2 :e!r he ?\ght t to be s1 :i* af=d$ occasions & motives = ! ex]cise ( ! greate/ virtue1 or :i* 0 productive ( ! greate/ happ9ess1 or t ^! two 7 necess>ily connect$1 & run up into "o & ! same plan4 ,x may n be amiss1 once = all1 to see :at w\ld be ! am\nt ( ^! em5dations & imag9>y improvem5ts ^u ! sy/em ( nature1 or h[ f> !y w\ld mislead u4 ,x seems !re c\ld be no /opp+1 till we came to "s su* conclusions z ^!3 t all creatures %\ld at fir/ be made z p]fect & z happy z !y 7 capable ( ev] be+3 t no?+1 surely1 ( haz>d or dang] %\ld be put ^u !m to d2 "s indol5t p]sons w\ld p]haps ?9k no?+ at all3 or c]ta9ly1 t effectual c>e %\ld be tak51 t !y %\ld1 :e!r necess>ily or n1 yet ev5tually & 9 fact1 always d :at 0 "r & mo/ conducive to happ9ess2 :i* w\ld be ?\ght easy = inf9ite p[] to effect1 ei!r by n giv+ !m any pr9ciples :i* w\ld endang] _! go+ wrong1 or by lay+ ! "r motive ( action 9 e in/ance be=e _! m9ds 9 s /rong a mann]1 z w\ld nev] fail ( induc+ !m to act con=mably to x3 & t ! :ole me?od ( gov]nm5t by puni%m5ts %\ld be reject$ z absurd2 z an awkw>d r\ndab\t me?od ( c>ry+ ?+s on2 nay1 z contr>y to a pr9cipal purpose1 = :i* x w\ld be suppos$ creatures 7 made1 namely1 happ9ess4 ,n[1 )\t consid]+ :at is to be said 9 p>ticul> to ! sev]al p>ts ( ?is tra9 ( folly & extravagance1 :at has be5 above intimat$1 is a full direct g5]al answ] to x2 namely1 t we may see be=eh& t we h n faculties = ?is k9d ( speculation4 ,= ?\gh x be admitt$ t1 f ! fir/ pr9ciples ( our nature1 we unavoidably judge or det]m9e "s ends to be absolutely 9 !mselves pref]able to o!rs1 & t ! ends n[ m5tion$1 or if !y run up into "o1 t ?is "o is absolutely ! be/2 & consequ5tly t we mu/ conclude ! ultimate end design$1 9 ! con/itution ( nature & conduct ( ,provid5ce1 is ! mo/ virtue & happ9ess possible2 yet we are f> f be+ able to judge :at p>ticul> disposition ( ?+s w\ld be mo/ fri5dly & assi/ant to virtue2 or :at means might be absolutely necess>y to produce ! mo/ happ9ess 9 a sy/em ( su* ext5t z our own _w may be1 tak+ 9 all t is pa/ & to come1 ?\gh we %\ld suppose x deta*$ f ! :ole ?+s4 ,inde$ we are s f> f be+ able to judge ( ?is1 t we are n judges :at may be ! necess>y means ( rais+ & conduct+ "o p]son to ! highe/ p]fection & happ9ess ( 8 nature4 ,nay1 ev5 9 ! little affairs ( ! pres5t life1 we f9d m5 ( diff]5t educations & ranks are n compet5t judges ( ! conduct ( ea* o!r4 ,our :ole nature leads u to ascribe all moral p]fection to ,god1 & to d5y all imp]fection ( him4 ,& ?is w =ev] be a practical pro( ( 8 moral "*1 to su* z w consid] :at a practical pro( is2 because x is ! voice ( ,god speak+ 9 u4 ,h5ce we conclude1 t virtue mu/ be ! happ9ess1 & vice ! mis]y1 ( e creature2 & t regul>ity & ord] & "r _c b prevail f9ally 9 a univ]se "u 8 gov]nm5t4 ,b we are 9 no sort judges1 :at are ! necess>y means ( accompli%+ ?is end4 ,let u !n1 in/ead ( t idle & n v innoc5t employm5t ( =m+ imag9>y models ( a _w1 & s*emes ( gov]n+ x1 turn our ?\ghts to :at we exp]i5ce to be ! conduct ( nature ) respect to intellig5t creatures2 :i* may be resolv$ into g5]al laws or rules ( adm9i/ration1 9 ! same way z _m ( ! laws ( nature respect+ inanimate matt] may be collect$ f exp]im5ts4 ,let u comp>e ! kn[n con/itution & c\rse ( ?+s ) :at is said to be ! moral sy/em ( nature2 ! ackn[l$g$ disp5sations ( ,provid5ce1 or t gov]nm5t :i* we f9d ourselves "u1 ) :at religion tea*es u to believe & expect2 & see :e!r !y are n analog\s & ( a piece4 ,^u su* a comp>ison x w1 ,i ?9k1 be f\nd t !y are v mu* s3 t bo? may be trac$ up to ! same g5]al laws1 & resolv$ into ! same pr9ciples ( div9e conduct4 ,! analogy "h propos$ to be consid]$ is ( pretty l>ge ext5t1 & consi/s ( sev]al p>ts2 9 "s m1 9 o!rs less exact4 ,9 "s few in/ances p]haps1 x may am\nt to a real practical pro(2 9 o!rs n s4 ,yet 9 ^! x is a confirmation ( :at is prov$ o!rwise4 ,x w und5iably %[1 :at too _m ne$ to h %[n !m1 t ! sy/em ( religion1 bo? natural & reveal$1 consid]$ only z a sy/em1 & prior to ! pro( ( x1 is n a subject ( ridicule1 unless t ( nature be s too4 ,& x w af=d an answ] to almo/ all objections aga9/ ! sy/em bo? ( natural & reveal$ religion2 ?\gh n p]haps an answ] 9 s great a degree1 yet 9 a v consid]able degree an answ] to ! objections aga9/ ! evid5ce ( x3 = objections aga9/ a pro(1 & objections aga9/ :at is said to be prov$1 ! read] w obs]ve are diff]5t ?+s4 ,! div9e gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 impli$ 9 ! notion ( religion 9 g5]al & ( ,*ri/ianity1 conta9s 9 x3 t mank9d is appo9t$ to live 9 a future /ate2#ac t !re e "o %all be rew>d$ or puni%$2#ad rew>d$ or puni%$ respectively = all t behavi\r "h1 :i* we compreh5d "u ! words1 virtu\s or vici\s1 morally good or evil3#ae t our pres5t life is a probation1 a /ate ( trial1#af & ( discipl9e1#ag = t future "o2 not)/&+ ! objections1 :i* m5 may fancy !y h1 f notions ( necessity1 aga9/ !re be+ any su* moral plan z ?is at all2#ah & :atev] objections may appe> to lie aga9/ ! wisdom & goodness ( x1 z x /&s s imp]fectly made kn[n to u at pres5t3#ai t ?is _w be+ 9 a /ate ( apo/asy & wick$ness1 & consequ5tly ( ru91 & ! s5se bo? ( _! condition & duty be+ greatly corrupt$ among/ m51 ?is gave occasion = an additional disp5sation ( ,provid5ce2 ( ! utmo/ importance2#bj prov$ by miracles2#ba b conta9+ 9 x _m ?+s appe>+ to u /range1 & n to h be5 expect$2#bb a disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 :i* is a s*eme or sy/em ( ?+s2#bc c>ri$ on by ! m$iation ( a div9e p]son1 ! ,messiah1 9 ord] to ! recov]y ( ! _w2#bd yet n reveal$ to all m51 nor prov$ ) ! /ronge/ possible evid5ce to all ^? to :om x is reveal$2 b only to su* a "p ( mank9d1 & ) su* p>ticul> evid5ce1 z ! wisdom ( ,god ?\ght fit4#be ,! design !n ( ! foll[+ treatise w be to %[1 t ! sev]al p>ts pr9cipally object$ aga9/ 9 ?is moral & ,*ri/ian disp5sation1 includ+ its s*eme1 its publication1 & ! pro( :i* ,god has af=d$ u ( its tru?2 t ! p>ticul> p>ts pr9cipally object$ aga9/ 9 ?is :ole disp5sation1 are analog\s to :at is exp]i5c$ 9 ! con/itution & c\rse ( nature or ,provid5ce2 t ! *ief objections !mselves :i* are alleg$ aga9/ ! =m]1 are no o!r ?an :at may be alleg$ ) l ju/ness aga9/ ! latt]1 :]e !y are f\nd 9 fact to be inconclusive2 & t ?is argum5t f analogy is 9 g5]al unansw]able1 & und\bt$ly ( weight on ! side ( religion1#bf not)/&+ ! objections :i* may seem to lie aga9/ x1 & ! real gr\nd :i* !re may be = diff]5ce ( op9ion1 z to ! p>ticul> degree ( weight :i* is to be laid ^u x4 ,?is is a g5]al acc\nt ( :at may be look$ = 9 ! foll[+ treatise4 ,i %all beg9 x ) t :i* is ! f\ndation ( all our hopes & ( all our fe>s2 all our hopes & fe>s1 :i* are ( any consid]ation2 ,i mean a future life4 ,,! ,,analogy ,,( ,,religion4 ,,"p ,i4 ,natural ,religion4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,a ,,future ,,life4#bg ,/range difficulties h be5 rais$ by "s conc]n+ p]sonal id5tity1 or ! sam5ess ( liv+ ag5ts1 impli$ 9 ! notion ( our exi/+ n[ & h]eaft]1 or 9 any two successive mom5ts2 :i*1 :oev] ?9ks x wor? :ile1 may see consid]$ 9 ! fir/ diss]tation at ! end ( ?is treatise4 ,b )\t reg>d to any ( !m "h1 let u consid] :at ! analogy ( nature1 & ! sev]al *anges :i* we h und]gone1 & ^? :i* we "k we may und]go )\t be+ de/roy$1 sugge/1 z to ! effect :i* dea? may1 or may n1 h ^u u2 & :e!r x be n f !nce probable1 t we may survive ?is *ange1 & exi/ 9 a future /ate ( life & p]ception4 ,i4 ,f our be+ born into ! pres5t _w 9 ! helpless imp]fect /ate ( infancy1 & hav+ arriv$ f !nce to mature age1 we f9d x to be a g5]al law ( nature 9 our own species1 t ! same creatures1 ! same individuals1 %\ld exi/ 9 degrees ( life & p]ception1 ) capacities ( action1 ( enjoym5t & suff]+1 9 "o p]iod ( _! be+1 greatly diff]5t f ^? appo9t$ !m 9 ano!r p]iod ( x4 ,9 o!r creatures ! same law holds4 ,= ! diff]5ce ( _! capacities & /ates ( life at _! bir? 7to g no high]7 & 9 maturity2 ! *ange ( worms into flies1 & ! va/ enl>gem5t ( _! locomotive p[]s by su* *ange3 & birds & insects bur/+ ! %ell ( _! habitation1 & by ?is means ent]+ into a new _w1 furni%$ ) new accommodations = !m1 & f9d+ a new sph]e ( action assign$ !m2 ^! are in/ances ( ?is g5]al law ( nature4 ,?us all ! v>i\s & wond]ful trans=mations ( animals are to be tak5 into consid]ation "h4 ,! /ates ( life 9 :i* we ourselves exi/$ =m]ly1 9 ! womb & 9 our infancy1 are almo/ z diff]5t f our pres5t 9 mature age1 z x is possible to conceive any two /ates or degrees ( life c be4 ,!re=e t we are to exi/ h]eaft]1 9 a /ate z diff]5t 7suppose7 f our pres5t1 z ?is is f our =m]1 is b accord+ to ! analogy ( nature2 accord+ to a natural ord] or appo9tm5t ( ! v same k9d1 ) :at we h already exp]i5c$4 ,,ii4 ,we "k we are endu$ ) capacities ( action1 ( happ9ess & mis]y3 = we are consci\s ( act+1 ( enjoy+ pleasure & suff]+ pa94 ,n[ t we h ^! p[]s & capacities be=e dea?1 is a presumption t we %all reta9 !m ?r\gh & aft] dea?2 inde$ a probability ( x abundantly suffici5t to act ^u1 unless !re be "s positive reason to ?9k t dea? is ! de/ruction ( ^? liv+ p[]s2 because !re is 9 e case a probability1 t all ?+s w cont9ue z we exp]i5ce !y are1 9 all respects1 except ^? 9 :i* we h "s reason to ?9k !y w be alt]$4 ,?is is t k9d#bh ( presumption or probability f analogy1 express$ 9 ! v ^w cont9uance1 :i* seems our only natural reason = believ+ ! c\rse ( ! _w w cont9ue to-morr[1 z x has done s f> z our exp]i5ce or k ( hi/ory c c>ry u back4 ,nay1 x seems our only reason = believ+1 t any "o sub/ance n[ exi/+ w cont9ue to exi/ a mom5t long]2 ! self-exi/5t sub/ance only except$4 ,?us if m5 7 assur$ t ! unkn[n ev5t1 dea?1 0 n ! de/ruction ( our faculties ( p]ception & ( action1 !re w\ld be no appreh5sion t any o!r p[] or ev5t1 unconnect$ ) ?is ( dea?1 w\ld de/roy ^! faculties j at ! in/ant ( ea* creature's dea?2 & !re=e no d\bt b t !y w\ld rema9 aft] x2 :i* %[s ! high probability t our liv+ p[]s w cont9ue aft] dea?1 unless !re be "s gr\nd to ?9k t dea? is _! de/ruction4#bi ,=1 if x w\ld be 9 a mann] c]ta9 t we %\ld survive dea?1#cj provid$ x 7 c]ta9 t dea? w\ld n be our de/ruction1 x mu/ be highly probable we %all survive x1 if !re be no gr\nd to ?9k dea? w be our de/ruction4 ,?\gh ,i ?9k x mu/ be ackn[l$g$1 t prior to ! natural & moral pro(s ( a future life commonly insi/$ ^u1 !re w\ld arise a g5]al confus$ suspicion1 t 9 ! great %ock & alt]ation :i* we %all und]go by dea?1 we1 i4e4 our liv+ p[]s1 might be :olly de/roy$2 yet ev5 prior to ^? pro(s1 !re is really no p>ticul> di/9ct gr\nd or reason = ?is appreh5sion at all1 s f> z ,i c f9d4 ,if !re be1 x mu/ arise ei!r f ! reason ( ! ?+1 or f ! analogy ( nature4 ,b we _c argue f ! reason ( ! ?+1 t dea? is ! de/ruction ( liv+ ag5ts1 because we "k n at all :at dea? is 9 itself2 b only "s ( its effects1 su* z ! dissolution ( fle%1 sk91 & bones4 ,^! effects d 9 no wise appe> to imply ! de/ruction ( a liv+ ag5t4 ,besides1 z we are greatly 9 ! d>k1 ^u :at ! ex]cise ( our liv+ p[]s dep5ds1 s we are :olly ignorant :at ! p[]s !mselves dep5d ^u2 ! p[]s !mselves z di/+ui%$1 n only f _! actual ex]cise1 b also f ! pres5t capacity ( ex]cis+ !m2 & z oppos$ to _! de/ruction3 = sleep1 or c]ta9ly a swoon1 %[s u1 n only t ^! p[]s exi/ :5 !y are n ex]cis$1 z ! passive p[] ( motion does 9 inanimate matt]2 b %[s also t !y exi/1 :5 !re is no pres5t capacity ( ex]cis+ !m3 or t ! capacities ( ex]cis+ !m = ! pres5t1 z well z ! actual ex]cise ( !m1 may be susp5d$1 & yet ! p[]s !mselves rema9 unde/roy$4 ,s9ce !n we "k n at all ^u :at ! exi/5ce ( our liv+ p[]s dep5ds1 ?is %[s fur!r1 !re c no probability be collect$ f ! reason ( ! ?+1 t dea? w be _! de/ruction3 because _! exi/5ce may dep5d ^u some:at 9 no degree affect$ by dea?2 ^u some:at q out ( ! rea* ( ?is k+ ( t]rors4 ,s t !re is no?+ m c]ta91 ?an t ! reason ( ! ?+ %[s u no connection betwe5 dea? & ! de/ruction ( liv+ ag5ts4 ,nor c we f9d any ?+ ?r\gh\t ! :ole analogy ( nature to af=d u ev5 ! slighte/ presumption1 t animals ev] lose _! liv+ p[]s2 mu* less if x 7 possible1 t !y lose !m by dea?3 = we h no faculties :]e) to trace any beyond or ?r\gh x1 s z to see :at becomes ( !m4 ,?is ev5t removes !m f our view4 ,x de/roys ! s5sible pro(1 :i* we _h be=e _! dea?1 ( _! be+ possess$ ( liv+ p[]s1 b does n appe> to af=d ! lea/ reason to believe t !y are1 !n1 or by t ev5t1 depriv$ ( !m4 ,our kn[+ t !y 7 possess$ ( ^! p[]s1 up to ! v p]iod to :i* we h faculties capable ( trac+ !m1 is itself a probability ( _! reta9+ !m beyond x4 ,?is is confirm$1 & a s5sible cr$ibility is giv5 to x1 by obs]v+ ! v great & a/oni%+ *anges :i* we h exp]i5c$2 s great1 t our exi/5ce 9 ano!r /ate ( life1 ( p]ception & ( action1 w be b accord+ to a me?od ( provid5tial conduct1 ! l to :i* has be5 already ex]cis$ ev5 ) reg>d to ourselves2 accord+ to a c\rse ( nature1 ! l to :i* we h already gone ?r\gh4 ,h[ev]1 z "o _c b be greatly s5sible1 h[ difficult x is to sil5ce imag9ation en\gh to make ! voice ( reason ev5 di/9ctly he>d 9 ?is case2 z we are accu/om$1 f our y\? up1 to indulge t =w>d1 delusive faculty1 ev] obtrud+ beyond its sph]e2 7( "s assi/ance inde$ to appreh5sion1 b ! au?or ( all error17 z we pla9ly lose ourselves 9 gross & crude conceptions ( ?+s1 tak+ = grant$ t we are acqua9t$ ) :at inde$ we are :olly ignorant (3 x may be prop] to consid] ! imag9>y presumptions1 t dea? w be our de/ruction1 aris+ f ^! k9ds ( e>ly & la/+ prejudices2 & to %[ h[ little !y really am\nt to1 ev5 ?\gh we _c :olly dive/ ourselves ( !m4 ,&1 ,i4 ,all presumption ( dea?'s be+ ! de/ruction ( liv+ be+s1 mu/ g ^u supposition t !y are comp\nd$2#ca & s1 disc]ptible4 ,b s9ce consci\sness is a s+le & indivisible p[]1 x %\ld seem t ! subject 9 :i* x resides mu/ be s too4 ,= 7 ! motion ( any p>ticle ( matt] absolutely "o & indivisible1 s z t x %\ld imply a contradiction to suppose "p ( ?is motion to exi/1 & "p n to exi/1 i4e4 "p ( ?is matt] to move1 & "p to be at re/1 !n its p[] ( motion w\ld be indivisible2 & s also w\ld ! subject 9 :i* ! p[] inh]es1 namely1 ! p>ticle ( matt]3 = if ?is c\ld be divid$ into two1 "o "p might be mov$ & ! o!r at re/1 :i* is contr>y to ! supposition4 ,9 l mann] x has be5 argu$1#cb &1 = any ?+ appe>+ to ! contr>y1 ju/ly1 t s9ce ! p]ception or consci\sness1 :i* we h ( our own exi/5ce1 is indivisible1 s z t x is a contradiction to suppose "o "p ( x %\ld be "h & ! o!r !re2 ! p]ceptive p[]1 or ! p[] ( consci\sness1 is indivisible too3 & consequ5tly ! subject 9 :i* x resides1 i4e4 ! consci\s be+4 ,n[1 ^u supposition t ! liv+ ag5t ea* man calls himself1 is ?us a s+le be+1 :i* !re is at lea/ no m difficulty 9 conceiv+ ?an 9 conceiv+ x to be a comp\nd1 & ( :i* !re is ! pro( n[ m5tion$2 x foll[s1 t our organiz$ bodies are no m ourselves or "p ( ourselves1 ?an any o!r matt] ar\nd u4 ,& x is z easy to conceive1 h[ matt]1 :i* is no "p ( ourselves1 may be appropriat$ to u 9 ! mann] :i* our pres5t bodies are2 z h[ we c receive impressions f1 & h p[] ov]1 any matt]4 ,x is z easy to conceive1 t we may exi/ out ( bodies1 z 9 !m2 & t we might h animat$ bodies ( any o!r organs & s5ses :olly diff]5t f ^! n[ giv5 u2 & t we may h]eaft] animate ^! same or new bodies1 v>i\sly modifi$ & organiz$2 z to conceive h[ we c animate su* bodies z our pres5t4 ,& la/ly1 ! dissolution ( all ^! sev]al organiz$ bodies1 suppos+ ourselves to h successively animat$ !m1 w\ld h no m conceivable t5d5cy to de/roy ! liv+ be+s ourselves1 or deprive u ( liv+ faculties1 ! faculties ( p]ception & ( action1 ?an ! dissolution ( any =eign matt]1 :i* we are capable ( receiv+ impressions f1 & mak+ use (1 = ! common occasions ( life4 ,,ii4 ,! simplicity & absolute on5ess ( a liv+ ag5t _c1 f ! nature ( ! ?+1 be prop]ly prov$ by exp]im5tal obs]vations4 ,b z ^! fall 9 ) ! supposition ( its unity1 s !y pla9ly lead u to conclude c]ta9ly1 t our gross organiz$ bodies1 ) :i* we p]ceive objects ( s5se1 & ) :i* we act1 are no "p ( ourselves2 & !re=e %[ u1 t we h no reason to believe _! de/ruction to be ours3 ev5 )\t det]m9+ :e!r our liv+ sub/ance be mat]ial or immat]ial4 ,= we see by exp]i5ce1 t m5 may lose _! limbs1 _! organs ( s5se1 & ev5 ! greate/ "p ( ^! bodies1 & yet rema9 ! same liv+ ag5ts4 ,p]sons c trace up ! exi/5ce ( !mselves to a "t1 :5 ! bulk ( _! bodies 0 extremely small1 9 comp>ison ( :at x is 9 mature age3 & we _c b ?9k1 t !y might !n h lo/ a consid]able "p ( t small body1 & yet h rema9$ ! same liv+ ag5ts2 z !y may n[ lose great "p ( _! pres5t body1 & rema9 s4 ,& x is c]ta91 t ! bodies ( all animals are 9 a con/ant flux2#cc f t nev]-ceas+ attrition1 :i* !re is 9 e "p ( !m4 ,n[1 ?+s ( ?is k9d unavoidably tea* u to di/+ui%1 betwe5 ^! liv+ ag5ts ourselves1 & l>ge quantities ( matt]1 9 :i* we are v ne>ly int]e/$2 s9ce ^! may be ali5at$1 & actually are 9 a daily c\rse ( succession1 & *ang+ _! own]s2 :il/ we are assur$1 t ea* liv+ ag5t rema9s "o & ! same p]man5t be+4#cd ,& ?is g5]al obs]vation leads u on to ! foll[+ ones4 ,fir/1 ,t we h no way ( det]m9+ by exp]i5ce1 :at is ! c]ta9 bulk ( ! liv+ be+ ea* man calls himself3 & yet1 till x be det]m9$ t x is l>g] 9 bulk ?an ! solid elem5t>y p>ticles ( matt]1 :i* !re is no gr\nd to ?9k any natural p[] c dissolve1 !re is no sort ( reason to ?9k dea? to be ! dissolution ( x1 ( ! liv+ be+1 ev5 ?\gh x %\ld n be absolutely indisc]ptible4 ,secondly1 ,f our be+ s ne>ly relat$ to & int]e/$ 9 c]ta9 sy/ems ( matt]1 7suppose our fle% & bones17 & aft]w>ds ceas+ to be at all relat$ to !m1 ! liv+ ag5ts1 ourselves1 rema9+ all ?is :ile unde/roy$ not)/&+ su* ali5ation2 & consequ5tly ^! sy/ems ( matt] n be+ ourselves1 x foll[s fur!r t we h no gr\nd to conclude any o!r 7suppose int]nal7 sy/ems ( matt]1 to be ! liv+ ag5ts ourselves2 because we c h no gr\nd to conclude ?is1 b f our relation to & int]e/ 9 su* o!r sy/ems ( matt]3 & !re=e we c h no reason to conclude :at befalls ^? sy/ems ( matt] at dea?1 to be ! de/ruction ( ! liv+ ag5ts4 ,we h already sev]al times ov]1 lo/ a great "p or p]haps ! :ole ( our body1 accord+ to c]ta9 common e/abli%$ laws ( nature1 yet we rema9 ! same liv+ ag5ts4 ,:5 we %all lose z great a "p1 or ! :ole1 by ano!r common e/abli%$ law ( nature1 dea?1 :y may we n also rema9 ! same8 ,t ! ali5ation has be5 gradual 9 "o case1 & 9 ! o!r w be m at once1 does n prove any ?+ to ! contr>y4 ,we h pass$ unde/roy$ ?r\gh ^? _m & great revolutions ( matt]1 s peculi>ly appropriat$ to u ourselves2 :y %\ld we imag9e dea? w be s fatal to u8 ,nor c x be object$1 t :at is ?us ali5at$ or lo/1 is no "p ( our orig9al solid body1 b only adv5titi\s matt]4 ,because we may lose entire limbs1 :i* mu/ h conta9$ _m solid p>ts & vessels ( ! orig9al body2 or if ?is be n admitt$1 we h no pro(1 t any ( ^! solid p>ts are dissolv$ or ali5at$ by dea?4 ,?\gh we are v ne>ly relat$ to t extrane\s or adv5titi\s matt]1 :il/ x cont9ues unit$ to & di/5d+ ! sev]al p>ts ( our solid body1 yet aft] all1 ! relation a p]son be>s to ^? p>ts ( 8 body1 to :i* he is mo/ ne>ly relat$1 am\nts b to ?is1 t ! liv+ ag5t1 & ^? p>ts ( ! body1 mutually affect ea* o!r4#ce ,! same ?+1 ! same ?+ 9 k9d ?\gh n 9 degree1 may be said ( all =eign matt]1 :i* gives u ideas1 & ov] :i* we h any p[]4 ,f ^! obs]vations ! :ole gr\nd ( ! imag9ation is remov$1 t ! dissolution ( any matt]1 is ! de/ruction ( a liv+ ag5t1 f ! int]e/ he once _h 9 su* matt]4 ,?irdly1 ,if we consid] our body some:at m di/9ctly1 z made up ( organs & in/rum5ts ( p]ception & ( motion1 x w br+ u to ! same conclusion4 ,?us ! common optical exp]im5ts %[1 & ev5 ! obs]vation h[ sight is assi/$ by glasses %[s1 t we see ) our eyes 9 ! same s5se z we see ) glasses4 ,nor is !re any reason to believe1 t we see ) !m 9 any o!r s5se2 any o!r1 ,i mean1 :i* w\ld lead u to ?9k ! eye itself a p]cipi5t4 ,! l is to be said ( he>+2 & our feel+ di/ant solid matt] by means ( some?+ 9 our h&1 seems an in/ance ( ! l k9d1 z to ! subject we are consid]+4 ,all ^! are in/ances ( =eign matt]1 or su* z is no "p ( our body1 be+ in/rum5tal 9 prep>+ objects =1 & convey+ !m to1 ! p]ceiv+ p[]1 9 a mann] simil> to ! mann] 9 :i* our organs ( s5se prep>e & convey !m4 ,bo? are 9 a l way in/rum5ts ( our receiv+ su* ideas f ext]nal objects1 z ! ,au?or ( nature appo9t$ ^? ext]nal objects to be ! occasions ( excit+ 9 u4 ,glasses are evid5t in/ances ( ?is2 namely ( matt] :i* is no "p ( our body1 prep>+ objects = & convey+ !m t[>ds ! p]ceiv+ p[]1 9 l mann] z our bodily organs d4 ,& if we see ) our eyes only 9 ! same mann] z we d ) glasses1 ! l may ju/ly be conclud$1 f analogy1 ( all our o!r s5ses4 ,x is n int5d$1 by any ?+ "h said1 to affirm1 t ! :ole app>atus ( vision1 or ( p]ception by any o!r s5se1 c be trac$ ?r\gh all its /eps1 q up to ! liv+ p[] ( see+1 or p]ceiv+3 b t s f> z x c be trac$ by exp]im5tal obs]vations1 s f> x appe>s1 t our organs ( s5se prep>e & convey objects1 9 ord] to _! be+ p]ceiv$1 9 l mann] z =eign matt] does1 )\t af=d+ any %ad[ ( appe>ance1 t !y !mselves p]ceive4 ,& t we h no reason to ?9k our organs ( s5se p]cipi5ts1 is confirm$ by in/ances ( p]sons los+ "s ( !m1 ! liv+ be+s !mselves1 _! =m] occupi]s1 rema9+ unimpair$4 ,x is confirm$ also by ! exp]i5ce ( dreams2 by :i* we f9d we are at pres5t possess$ ( a lat5t1 & :at w\ld be o!rwise an unimag9$ unkn[n p[] ( p]ceiv+ s5sible objects1 9 z /rong & lively a mann] )\t our ext]nal organs ( s5se1 z ) !m4 ,s also ) reg>d to our p[] ( mov+1 or direct+ motion by w & *oice2 ^u ! de/ruction ( a limb1 ?is active p[] evid5tly rema9s1 unless5$2 s t ! liv+ be+1 :o has suff]$ ?is loss1 w\ld be capable ( mov+ z be=e1 if x _h ano!r limb to move )4 ,x c walk by ! help ( an artificial leg4 ,x c make use ( a pole or a lev]1 to rea* t[>ds itself & to move ?+s1 beyond ! l5g? & ! p[] ( its arm2 & ?is x does 9 ! same mann] z x rea*es & moves1 ) its natural arm1 ?+s ne>] & ( less weight4 ,nor is !re s mu* z any appe>ance ( our limbs be+ endu$ ) a p[] ( mov+ or direct+ !mselves2 ?\gh !y are adapt$1 l ! sev]al p>ts ( a ma*9e1 to be ! in/rum5ts ( motion to ea* o!r2 & "s p>ts ( ! same limb1 to be in/rum5ts ( motion to ! o!r p>ts4 ,?us a man det]m9es t he w look at an object ?r\gh a microscope2 or be+ lame1 t he w walk to su* a place ) a /aff1 a week h5ce4 ,8 eyes & 8 feet no m det]m9e 9 ^! cases1 ?an ! microscope & ! /aff4 ,nor is !re any gr\nd to ?9k !y any m put ! det]m9ation 9 practice2 or t 8 eyes are ! se]s1 or 8 feet ! mov]s1 9 any o!r s5se ?an z ! microscope & ! /aff are4 ,^u ! :ole1 !n1 our organs ( s5se1 & our limbs1 are c]ta9ly in/rum5ts1#cf :i* ! liv+ p]sons ourselves make use ( to p]ceive & move )3 !re is n any probability1 t !y are any m2 nor consequ5tly1 t we h any o!r k9d ( relation to !m1 ?an :at we h to any o!r =eign matt] =m$ into in/rum5ts ( p]ception & motion1 suppose into a microscope or a /aff2 7,i say any o!r k9d ( relation1 = ,i am n speak+ ( ! degree ( x7 nor consequ5tly is !re any probability1 t ! ali5ation or dissolution ( ^! in/rum5ts1 is ! de/ruction ( ! p]ceiv+ & mov+ ag5t4 ,& ?us our f9d+ t ! dissolution ( matt]1 9 :i* liv+ be+s 7 mo/ ne>ly int]e/$1 is n _! dissolution2 & t ! de/ruction ( sev]al ( ! organs & in/rum5ts ( p]ception & ( motion belong+ to !m1 is n _! de/ruction2 %[s demon/ratively1 t !re is no gr\nd to ?9k t ! dissolution ( any o!r matt]1 or de/ruction ( any o!r organs & in/rum5ts1 w be ! dissolution or de/ruction ( liv+ ag5ts1 f ! l k9d ( relation4 ,& we h no reason to ?9k we /& 9 any o!r k9d ( relation to any ?+ :i* we f9d dissolv$ by dea?4 ,b x is said1 ^! obs]vations are equally applicable to brutes3#cg & x is ?\ght an insup]able difficulty1 t !y %\ld be immortal1 & by consequ5ce capable ( ev]la/+ happ9ess4 ,n[ ?is mann] ( expression is bo? invidi\s & weak3 b ! ?+ int5d$ by x1 is really no difficulty at all1 ei!r 9 ! way ( natural or moral consid]ation4 ,= #a1 ,suppose ! invidi\s ?+1 design$ 9 su* a mann] ( expression1 7 really impli$1 z x is n 9 ! lea/1 9 ! natural immortality ( brutes1 namely1 t !y mu/ arrive at great atta9m5ts1 & become rational & moral ag5ts2 ev5 ?is w\ld be no difficulty1 s9ce we "k n :at lat5t p[]s & capacities !y may be endu$ )4 ,!re 0 once1 prior to exp]i5ce1 z great presumption aga9/ human creatures1 z !re is aga9/ ! brute creatures1 arriv+ at t degree ( und]/&+1 :i* we h 9 mature age4 ,= we c trace up our own exi/5ce to ! same orig9al ) !irs4 ,we f9d x to be a g5]al law ( nature1 t creatures endu$ ) capacities ( virtue & religion %\ld be plac$ 9 a condition ( be+1 9 :i* !y are altoge!r )\t ! use ( !m1 = a consid]able l5g? ( _! duration2 z 9 infancy & *ildhood4 ,& great "p ( ! human species1 g out ( ! pres5t _w1 be=e !y come to ! ex]cise ( ^! capacities 9 any degree4 #b4 ,! natural immortality ( brutes does n 9 ! lea/ imply1 t !y are endu$ ) any lat5t capacities ( a rational or moral nature4 ,! economy ( ! univ]se might require1 t !re %\ld be liv+ creatures )\t any capacities ( ?is k9d4 ,& all difficulties z to ! mann] h[ !y are to be dispos$ (1 are s app>5tly & :olly f\nd$ 9 our ignorance1 t x is wond]ful !y %\ld be insi/$ ^u by any1 b su* z are weak en\gh to ?9k !y are acqua9t$ ) ! :ole sy/em ( ?+s4 ,!re is !n absolutely no?+ at all 9 ?is objection1 :i* is s rhetorically urg$1 aga9/ ! greate/ "p ( ! natural pro(s or presumptions ( ! immortality ( human m9ds2 ,i say ! greate/ "p1 = x is less applicable to ! foll[+ obs]vation1 :i* is m peculi> to mank9d4 ,,iii4 ,z x is evid5t our pres5t p[]s & capacities ( reason1 memory1 & affection1 d n dep5d ^u our gross body 9 ! mann] 9 :i* p]ception by our organs ( s5se does2 s !y d n appe> to dep5d ^u x at all1 9 any su* mann] z to give gr\nd to ?9k1 t ! dissolution ( ?is body w be ! de/ruction ( ^! our pres5t p[]s ( reflection1 z x w ( our p[]s ( s5sation2 or to give gr\nd to conclude1 ev5 t x w be s mu* z a susp5sion ( ! =m]4 ,human creatures exi/ at pres5t 9 two /ates ( life & p]ception1 greatly diff]5t f ea* o!r2 ea* ( :i* has its own peculi> laws1 & its own peculi> enjoym5ts & suff]+s4 ,:5 any ( our s5ses are affect$1 or appetites gratifi$ ) ! objects ( !m1 we may be said to exi/ or live 9 a /ate ( s5sation4 ,:5 none ( our s5ses are affect$ or appetites gratifi$1 & yet we p]ceive1 & reason1 & act1 we may be said to exi/ or live 9 a /ate ( reflection4 ,n[ x is by no means c]ta91 t any ?+ :i* is dissolv$ by dea?1 is 9 any way necess>y to ! liv+ be+1 9 ?is its /ate ( reflection1 aft] ideas are ga9$4 ,=1 ?\gh1 f our pres5t con/itution & condition ( be+1 our ext]nal organs ( s5se are necess>y = convey+ 9 ideas to our reflect+ p[]s1 z c>riages1 & lev]s1 & scaffolds are 9 ar*itecture3#ch yet :5 ^! ideas are br\ght 91 we are capable ( reflect+ 9 ! mo/ int5se degree1 & ( enjoy+ ! greate/ pleasure1 & feel+ ! greate/ pa91 by means ( t reflection1 )\t any assi/ance f our s5ses2 & )\t any at all1 :i* we "k (1 f t body :i* w be dissolv$ by dea?4 ,x does n appe> !n1 t ! relation ( ?is gross body to ! reflect+ be+ is1 9 any degree1 necess>y to ?9k+2 to intellectual enjoym5ts or suff]+s3 nor1 consequ5tly1 t ! dissolution or ali5ation ( ! =m] by dea?1 w be ! de/ruction ( ^? pres5t p[]s1 :i* r5d] u capable ( ?is /ate ( reflection4 ,fur!r1 !re are in/ances ( mortal diseases1 :i* d n at all affect our pres5t intellectual p[]s2 & ?is af=ds a presumption1 t ^? diseases w n de/roy ^! pres5t p[]s4 ,inde$1 f ! obs]vations made above1#ci x appe>s1 t !re is no presumption1 f _! mutually affect+ ea* o!r1 t ! dissolution ( ! body is ! de/ruction ( ! liv+ ag5t4 ,by ! same reason+1 x mu/ appe> too1 t !re is no presumption1 f _! mutually affect+ ea* o!r1 t ! dissolution ( ! body is ! de/ruction ( our pres5t reflect+ p[]s3 inde$ in/ances ( _! n affect+ ea* o!r1 af=d a presumption ( ! contr>y4 ,in/ances ( mortal diseases n impair+ our pres5t reflect+ p[]s1 evid5tly turn our ?\ghts ev5 f imag9+ su* diseases to be ! de/ruction ( !m4 ,sev]al ?+s inde$ greatly affect all our liv+ p[]s1 & at l5g? susp5d ! ex]cise ( !m2 z = in/ance dr[s9ess1 increas+ till x ends 9 s\nd sleep3 & h5ce we might h imag9$ x w\ld de/roy !m1 till we f\nd by exp]i5ce ! weakness ( ?is way ( judg+4 ,b 9 ! diseases n[ m5tion$1 !re is n s mu* z ?is %ad[ ( probability1 to lead u to any su* conclusion1 z to ! reflect+ p[]s :i* we h at pres5t4 ,= 9 ^? diseases1 p]sons ! mom5t be=e dea? appe> to be 9 ! highe/ vigor ( life4 ,!y discov] appreh5sion1 memory1 reason1 all entire2 ! utmo/ =ce ( affection2 a s5se ( "*1 ( %ame & honor2 & ! highe/ m5tal enjoym5ts & suff]+s1 ev5 to ! la/ gasp4 ,^! surely prove ev5 great] vigor ( life ?an bodily /r5g? does4 ,n[ :at pret5ce is !re = ?9k+1 t a progressive disease :5 arriv$ to su* a degree1 ,i mean t degree :i* is mortal1 w de/roy ^? p[]s1 :i* 7 n impair$1 :i* 7 n affect$ by x1 dur+ its :ole progress q up to t degree8 ,& if dea? by diseases ( ?is k9d1 is n ! de/ruction ( our pres5t reflect+ p[]s1 x w sc>ce be ?\ght t dea? by any o!r means is4 ,x is obvi\s t ?is g5]al obs]vation may be c>ri$ fur!r4 ,!re appe>s to be s little connection betwe5 our bodily p[]s ( s5sation1 & our pres5t p[]s ( reflection1 t !re is no reason to conclude1 t dea?1 :i* de/roys ! =m]1 does s mu* z susp5d ! ex]cise ( ! latt]1 or int]rupt our cont9u+ to exi/ 9 ! l /ate ( reflection :i* we d n[4#dj ,= susp5sion ( reason1 memory1 & ! affections :i* !y excite1 is no "p ( ! idea ( dea?1 nor impli$ 9 our notion ( x4 ,our daily exp]i5c+ ^! p[]s to be ex]cis$1 )\t any assi/ance1 t we "k (1 f ^? bodies :i* w be dissolv$ by dea?2 & our f9d+ (t51 t ! ex]cise ( !m is s lively to ! la/2 af=d a s5sible appreh5sion1 t dea? may n p]haps be s mu* z a discont9uance ( ! ex]cise ( ^! p[]s1 nor ( ! enjoym5ts & suff]+s :i* x implies4#da ,s t our po/hum\s life1 :atev] !re may be 9 x additional to our pres5t1 may yet n be beg9n+ entirely anew2 b go+ on4 ,dea? may1 9 "s sort & 9 "s respects1 answ] to our bir?2 :i* is n a susp5sion ( ! faculties :i* we _h be=e x1 or a total *ange ( ! /ate ( life 9 :i* we exi/$ :5 9 ! womb2 b a cont9uation ( bo?1 ) su* & su* great alt]ations4 ,nay1 = aught we "k ( ourselves1 ( our pres5t life & ( dea?1 dea? may imm$iately1 9 ! natural c\rse ( ?+s1 put u into a high] & m enl>g$ /ate ( life1 z our bir? does2#db a /ate 9 :i* our capacities2 & sph]e ( p]ception & ( action1 may be mu* great] ?an at pres5t4 ,= z our relation to our ext]nal organs ( s5se1 r5d]s u capable ( exi/+ 9 our pres5t /ate ( s5sation2 s x may be ! only natural h9d]ance to our exi/+1 imm$iately1 & ( c\rse2 9 a high] /ate ( reflection4 ,! tru? is1 reason does n at all %[ u1 9 :at /ate dea? naturally leaves u4 ,b 7 we sure1 t x w\ld susp5d all our p]ceptive & active p[]s2 yet ! susp5sion ( a p[] & ! de/ruction ( x1 are effects s totally diff]5t 9 k9d1 z we exp]i5ce f sleep & a swoon1 t we _c 9 any wise argue f "o to ! o!r2 or conclude ev5 to ! l[e/ degree ( probability1 t ! same k9d ( =ce :i* is suffici5t to susp5d our faculties1 ?\gh x be increas$ ev] s mu*1 w be suffici5t to de/roy !m4#dc ,^! obs]vations toge!r may be suffici5t to %[1 h[ little presumption !re is1 t dea? is ! de/ruction ( human creatures4 ,h[ev]1 !re is ! %ad[ ( an analogy1 :i* may lead u to imag9e x1--viz43 ! suppos$ lik5ess :i* is obs]v$ betwe5 ! decay ( vegetables1 & ( liv+ creatures4 ,?is lik5ess is inde$ suffici5t to af=d ! poets v apt allusions to ! fl[]s ( ! field1 9 _! pictures ( ! frailty ( our pres5t life4 ,b 9 reason1 ! analogy is s f> f hold+1 t !re appe>s no gr\nd = ! comp>ison1 z to ! pres5t "q2 because "o ( ! two subjects comp>$ is :olly void ( t1 :i* is ! pr9cipal & *ief ?+ 9 ! o!r2 ! p[] ( p]ception & ( action2 :i* is ! only ?+ we are inquir+ ab\t ! cont9uance (4 ,s t ! de/ruction ( a vegetable1 is an ev5t n simil> or analog\s to ! de/ruction ( a liv+ ag5t4 ,if1 z 0 above intimat$1 leav+ (f ! delusive cu/om ( sub/itut+ imag9ation 9 ! room ( exp]i5ce1 we w\ld conf9e ourselves to :at we d "k & und]/&2 if we w\ld argue only f t1 & f t =m our expectations1 x w\ld appe> at fir/ sight1 t z no probability ( liv+ be+s ev] ceas+ to be s1 c be conclud$ f ! reason ( ! ?+1 s none c be collect$ f ! analogy ( nature2 because we _c trace any liv+ be+s beyond dea?4 ,b z we are consci\s t we are endu$ ) capacities ( p]ception & ( action1 & are liv+ p]sons2 :at we are to g ^u is1 t we %all cont9ue s1 till we =esee "s accid5t or ev5t1 :i* w endang] ^? capacities1 or be likely to de/roy u3 :i* dea? does 9 no wise appe> to be4 ,?us1 :5 we g out ( ?is _w1 we may pass into new sc5es1 & a new /ate ( life & action1 j z naturally z we came into ! pres5t4 ,& ?is new /ate may naturally be a social "o4#dd ,& ! advantages ( x1 advantages1 ( e k9d1 may naturally be be/[$1 accord+ to "s fix$ g5]al laws ( wisdom1 ^u e "o 9 proportion to ! degrees ( 8 virtue4 ,& ?\gh ! advantages ( t future natural /ate %\ld n be be/[$1 z ^! ( ! pres5t 9 "s measure are1 by ! w ( ! society2 b entirely by 8 m imm$iate action1 ^u :om ! :ole frame ( nature dep5ds3 yet ?is di/ribution may be j z natural1 z _! be+ di/ribut$ "h by ! in/rum5tality ( m54 ,inde$1 ?\gh "o %\ld all[ any confus$ undet]m9$ s5se1 :i* p please to put ^u ! ^w natural1 x w\ld be a %ortness ( ?\ght sc>ce cr$ible1 to imag9e1 t no sy/em or c\rse ( ?+s c be s1 b only :at we see at pres5t3#de especially :il/ ! probability ( a future life1 or ! natural immortality ( ! s\l1 is admitt$ ^u ! evid5ce ( reason2 because ?is is really bo? admitt+ & d5y+ at once1 a /ate ( be+ diff]5t f ! pres5t to be natural4 ,b ! only di/9ct mean+ ( t ^w is1 /at$1 fix$1 or settl$2 s9ce :at is natural z mu* requires & presupposes an intellig5t ag5t to r5d] x s1 i4e4 to effect x cont9ually1 or at /at$ times1 z :at is sup]natural or miracul\s does to effect x = once4 ,h5ce x mu/ foll[1 t p]sons' notion ( :at is natural1 w be enl>g$ 9 proportion to _! great] k ( ! works ( ,god1 & ! disp5sations ( 8 provid5ce4 ,nor is !re any absurdity 9 suppos+1 t !re may be be+s 9 ! univ]se1 ^: capacities1 & k1 & views1 may be s ext5sive1 z t ! :ole ,*ri/ian disp5sation may to !m appe> natural1 i4e4 analog\s or con=mable to ,god's deal+s ) o!r p>ts ( 8 creation2 z natural z ! visible kn[n c\rse ( ?+s appe>s to u4 ,= !re seems sc>ce any o!r possible s5se to be put ^u ! ^w1 b t only 9 :i* x is "h us$2 simil>1 /at$1 or uni=m4 ,?is cr$ibility ( a future life1 :i* has be5 "h insi/$ ^u1 h[ little soev] x may satisfy our curiosity1 seems to answ] all ! purposes ( religion1 9 l mann] z a demon/rative pro( w\ld4 ,inde$ a pro(1 ev5 a demon/rative "o1 ( a future life1 w\ld n be a pro( ( religion4 ,=1 t we are to live h]eaft]1 is j z reconcilable ) ! s*eme ( a!ism1 & z well to be acc\nt$ = by x1 z t we are n[ alive is3 & !re=e no?+ c be m absurd ?an to argue f t s*eme1 t !re c be no future /ate4 ,b z religion implies a future /ate1 any presumption aga9/ su* a /ate1 is a presumption aga9/ religion4 ,! =ego+ obs]vations remove all presumptions ( t sort1 & prove1 to a v consid]able degree ( probability1 "o fundam5tal doctr9e ( religion2 :i*1 if believ$1 w\ld greatly op5 & dispose ! m9d s]i\sly to att5d to ! g5]al evid5ce6 ( ! :ole4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,gov]nm5t ,,( ,,god ,,by ,,rew>ds ,,& ,,puni%m5ts4 ,t :i* makes ! "q conc]n+ a future life to be ( s great importance to u1 is our capacity ( happ9ess & mis]y4 ,& t :i* makes ! consid]ation ( x to be ( s great importance to u1 is ! supposition ( our happ9ess & mis]y h]eaft] dep5d+ ^u our actions "h4 ,inde$1 )\t ?is1 curiosity c\ld n b sometimes br+ a subject1 9 :i* we may be s highly int]e/$1 to our ?\ghts2 especially ^u ! mortality ( o!rs1 or ! ne> prospect ( our own4 ,b reasonable m5 w\ld n take any fur!r ?\ght ab\t h]eaft]1 ?an :at %\ld happ5 ?us occasionally to rise 9 _! m9ds1 if x 7 c]ta9 t our future int]e/ no way dep5d$ ^u our pres5t behavior2 :]eas1 on ! contr>y1 if !re be gr\nd1 ei!r f analogy or any ?+ else1 to ?9k x does1 !n !re is reason also = ! mo/ active ?\ght & solicitude1 to secure t int]e/2 to behave s z t we may escape t mis]y1 & obta9 t happ9ess1 9 ano!r life1 :i* we n only suppose ourselves capable (1 b :i* we appreh5d also is put 9 our own p[]4 ,& :e!r !re be gr\nd = ?is la/ appreh5sion1 c]ta9ly w\ld des]ve to be mo/ s]i\sly consid]$1 7 !re no o!r pro( ( a future life & int]e/1 ?an t presumptive "o1 :i* ! =ego+ obs]vations am\nt to4 ,9 ! pres5t /ate1 all :i* we enjoy1 & a great "p ( :at we suff]1 is put 9 our own p[]4 ,pleasure & pa9 are ! consequ5ces ( our actions2 & we are endu$ by ! ,au?or ( our nature ) capacities ( =esee+ ^! consequ5ces4 ,we f9d by exp]i5ce t he does n s mu* z pres]ve our lives1 exclusive ( our own c>e & att5tion1 to provide ourselves )1 & to make use (1 t su/5ance1 by :i* he has appo9t$ our lives %all be pres]v$2 & )\t :i*1 he has appo9t$1 !y %all n be pres]v$4 ,9 g5]al we =esee1 t ! ext]nal ?+s1 :i* are ! objects ( our v>i\s passions1 c nei!r be obta9$ nor enjoy$1 )\t ex]t+ ourselves 9 su* & su* mann]s3 b by ?us ex]t+ ourselves1 we obta9 & enjoy ^! objects1 9 :i* our natural good consi/s2 or by ?is means ,god gives u ! possession & enjoym5t ( !m4 ,i "k n1 t we h any "o k9d or degree ( enjoym5t1 b by ! means ( our own actions4 ,by prud5ce & c>e1 we may1 = ! mo/ "p1 pass our days 9 tol]able ease & quiet3 on ! contr>y1 we may1 by ra%ness1 ungov]n$ passion1 wilfulness1 or ev5 by neglig5ce1 make ourselves z mis]able z ev] we please4 ,& _m d please to make !mselves extremely mis]able1 i4e4 to d :at !y "k be=eh& w r5d] !m s4 ,!y foll[ ^? ways1 ! fruit ( :i* !y "k1 by in/ruction1 example1 & exp]i5ce1 w be disgrace1 & pov]ty1 & sickness1 & untimely dea?4 ,?is e "o obs]ves to be ! g5]al c\rse ( ?+s2 ?\gh x is to be all[$1 we _c f9d by exp]i5ce1 t all our suff]+s are ow+ to our own follies4 ,:y ! ,au?or ( nature does n give 8 creatures promiscu\sly su* & su* p]ceptions1 )\t reg>d to _! behavior2 :y he does n make !m happy )\t ! in/rum5tality ( _! own actions1 & prev5t _! br++ any suff]+s ^u !mselves1 is ano!r matt]4#df ,p]haps !re may be "s impossibilities 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 :i* we are unacqua9t$ )4#dg ,or less happ9ess1 x may be1 w\ld ^u ! :ole be produc$ by su* a me?od ( conduct1 ?an is by ! pres5t4 ,or p]haps div9e goodness1 ) :i*1 if ,i mi/ake n1 we make v free 9 our speculations1 may n be a b>e s+le disposition to produce happ9ess2 b a disposition to make ! good1 ! fai?ful1 ! hone/1 happy4 ,p]haps an inf9itely p]fect m9d may be pleas$ ) see+ 8 creatures behave suitably to ! nature :i* he has giv5 !m2 to ! relations :i* he has plac$ !m 9 to ea* o!r2 & to t :i* !y /& 9 to himself3 t relation to himself1 :i*1 dur+ _! exi/5ce1 is ev5 necess>y1#dh & :i* is ! mo/ important "o ( all3 p]haps1 ,i say1 an inf9itely p]fect m9d may be pleas$ ) ?is moral piety ( moral ag5ts1 9 & = itself2 z well z ^u acc\nt ( its be+ ess5tially conducive to ! happ9ess ( 8 creation4 ,or ! :ole end1 = :i* ,god made1 & ?us gov]ns ! _w1 may be utt]ly beyond ! rea* ( our faculties3 !re may be some:at 9 x z impossible = u to h any conception (1 z = a bl9d man to h a conception ( colors4 ,h[ev] ?is be1 x is c]ta9 matt] ( univ]sal exp]i5ce1 t ! g5]al me?od ( div9e adm9i/ration is1 =ew>n+ u1 or giv+ u capacities to =esee1 ) m or less cle>ness1 t if we act s & s1 we %all h su* enjoym5ts1 if s & s1 su* suff]+s2 & giv+ u ^? enjoym5ts1 & mak+ u feel ^? suff]+s1 9 consequ5ce ( our actions4 8,b all ?is is to be ascrib$ to ! g5]al c\rse ( nature10 ,true4 ,?is is ! v ?+ :i* ,i am obs]v+4 ,x is to be ascrib$ to ! g5]al c\rse ( nature3 i4e4 n surely to ! words or ideas1 c\rse ( nature2 b to ,him :o appo9t$ x1 & put ?+s into x2 or to a c\rse ( op]ation1 f its uni=mity or con/ancy1 call$ natural2#di & :i* necess>ily implies an op]at+ ag5t4 ,= :5 m5 f9d !mselves necessitat$ to confess an ,au?or ( nature1 or t ,god is ! natural gov]nor ( ! _w1 !y mu/ n d5y ?is aga91 because 8 gov]nm5t is uni=m4 ,!y mu/ n d5y t he does ?+s at all1 because he does !m con/antly1#ej because ! effects ( 8 act+ are p]man5t1 :e!r 8 act+ be s or n2 ?\gh !re is no reason to ?9k x is n4 ,9 %ort1 e man1 9 e ?+ he does1 naturally acts ^u ! =e?\ght & appreh5sion ( avoid+ evil or obta9+ good3 & if ! natural c\rse ( ?+s be ! appo9tm5t ( ,god1 & our natural faculties ( k & exp]i5ce are giv5 u by him1 !n ! good & bad consequ5ces :i* foll[ our actions1 are 8 appo9tm5t1 & our =esight ( ^? consequ5ces1 is a w>n+ giv5 u by him1 h[ we are to act4 8,is ! pleasure !n1 naturally accompany+ e p>ticul> gratification ( passion1 int5d$ to put u ^u gratify+ ourselves 9 e su* p>ticul> in/ance1 & z a rew>d to u = s do+80 ,no1 c]ta9ly4 ,nor is x to be said1 t our eyes 7 naturally int5d$ to give u ! sight ( ea* p>ticul> object1 to :i* !y d or c ext5d2 objects :i* are de/ructive ( !m1 or :i*1 = any o!r reason1 x may become u to turn our eyes f4 ,yet !re is no d\bt1 b t our eyes 7 int5d$ = u to see )4#ea ,s nei!r is !re any d\bt1 b t ! =ese5 pleasures & pa9s belong+ to ! passions1 7 int5d$1 9 g5]al1 to induce mank9d to act 9 su* & su* mann]s4 ,f ?is g5]al obs]vation1 obvi\s to e "o1 7t ,god has giv5 u to und]/&1 he has appo9t$ satisfaction & delight to be ! consequ5ce ( our act+ 9 "o mann]1 & pa9 & uneas9ess ( our act+ 9 ano!r1 & ( our n act+ at all2 & t we f9d ^! consequ5ces1 :i* we 7 be=eh& in=m$ (1 uni=mly to foll[27 we may le>n1 t we are at pres5t actually "u 8 gov]nm5t 9 ! /ricte/ & mo/ prop] s5se2 9 su* a s5se1 z t he rew>ds & puni%es u = our actions4 ,an ,au?or ( nature be+ suppos$1 x is n s mu* a d$uction ( reason1 z a matt] ( exp]i5ce1 t we are ?us "u 8 gov]nm5t2 "u 8 gov]nm5t1 9 ! same s5se1 z we are "u ! gov]nm5t ( civil magi/rates4 ,because ! annex+ ( pleasure to "s actions1 & pa9 to o!rs1 9 our p[] to d or =be>1 & giv+ notice ( ?is appo9tm5t be=eh& to ^? :om x conc]ns1 is ! prop] =mal notion ( gov]nm5t4 ,:e!r ! pleasure or pa9 :i* ?us foll[s ^u our behavior1 be ow+ to ! ,au?or ( nature's act+ ^u u e mom5t :i* we feel x2 or to 8 hav+ at once contriv$ & execut$ 8 own "p 9 ! plan ( ! _w2 makes no alt]ation z to ! matt] be=e u4 ,= if civil magi/rates c\ld make ! sanctions ( _! laws take place1 )\t int]pos+ at all1 aft] !y _h pass$ !m2 )\t a trial1 & ! =malities ( an execution3 if !y 7 able to make _! laws execute !mselves1 or e (f5d] to execute !m ^u himself2 we %\ld be j 9 ! same s5se "u _! gov]nm5t !n1 z we are n[2 b 9 a mu* high] degree1 & m p]fect mann]4 ,va9 is ! ridicule1 ) :i* "o =esees "s p]sons w div]t !mselves1 ^u f9d+ less] pa9s consid]$ z in/ances ( div9e puni%m5t4 ,!re is no possibility ( answ]+ or evad+ ! g5]al ?+ "h int5d$1 )\t d5y+ all f9al causes4 ,= f9al causes be+ admitt$1 ! pleasures & pa9s n[ m5tion$ mu/ be admitt$ too z in/ances ( !m4 ,& if !y are2 if ,god annexes delight to "s actions1 & uneas9ess to o!rs1 ) an app>5t design to induce u to act s & s2 !n he n only disp5ses happ9ess & mis]y1 b also rew>ds & puni%es actions4 ,if1 = example1 ! pa9 :i* we feel1 ^u do+ :at t5ds to ! de/ruction ( our bodies1 suppose ^u too ne> approa*es to fire1 or ^u w\nd+ ourselves1 be appo9t$ by ! ,au?or ( nature to prev5t our do+ :at ?us t5ds to our de/ruction2 ?is is altoge!r z mu* an in/ance ( 8 puni%+ our actions1 & consequ5tly ( our be+ "u 8 gov]nm5t1#eb z decl>+ by a voice f heav51 t if we act$ s1 he w\ld inflict su* pa9 ^u u2 & inflict+ x1 :e!r x be great] or less4 ,?us we f9d1 t ! true notion or conception ( ! ,au?or ( nature1 is t ( a ma/] or gov]nor1 prior to ! consid]ation ( 8 moral attributes4 ,! fact ( our case1 :i* we f9d by exp]i5ce1 is1 t he actually ex]cises dom9ion or gov]nm5t ov] u at pres5t1 by rew>d+ & puni%+ u = our actions1 9 z /rict & prop] a s5se ( ^! words1 & ev5 9 ! same s5se1 z *ildr51 s]vants1 subjects1 are rew>d$ & puni%$ by ^? :o gov]n !m4 ,?us ! :ole analogy ( nature1 ! :ole pres5t c\rse ( ?+s1 mo/ fully %[s1 t !re is no?+ incr$ible 9 ! g5]al doctr9e ( religion1 t ,god w rew>d & puni% m5 = _! actions h]eaft]3 no?+ incr$ible1 ,i mean1 aris+ out ( ! notion ( rew>d+ & puni%+4 ,= ! :ole c\rse ( nature is a pres5t in/ance ( 8 ex]cis+ t gov]nm5t ov] u1 :i* implies 9 x rew>d+ & puni%+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,z div9e puni%m5t is :at m5 *iefly object aga9/1 & are mo/ unwill+ to all[2 x may be prop] to m5tion "s circum/ances 9 ! natural c\rse ( puni%m5ts at pres5t1 :i* are analog\s to :at religion tea*es u conc]n+ a future /ate ( puni%m5t2 inde$ s analog\s1 t z !y add a fur!r cr$ibility to x1 s !y _c b raise a mo/ s]i\s appreh5sion ( x 9 ^? :o w att5d to !m4 ,x has be5 n[ obs]v$1 t su* & su* mis]ies naturally foll[ su* & su* actions ( imprud5ce & wilfulness1 z well z actions m commonly & m di/9ctly consid]$ z vici\s2 & t ^! consequ5ces1 :5 !y may be =ese51 are prop]ly natural puni%m5ts annex$ to su* actions4 ,! g5]al ?+ "h insi/$ ^u1 is1 n t we see a great deal ( mis]y 9 ! _w1 b a great deal :i* m5 br+ ^u !mselves by _! own behavior1 :i* !y might h =ese5 & avoid$4 ,n[ ! circum/ances ( ^! natural puni%m5ts1 p>ticul>ly des]v+ our att5tion1 are su* z ^!4 ,(t5times !y foll[1 or are inflict$ 9 consequ5ce (1 actions :i* procure _m pres5t advantages1 & are accompani$ ) mu* pres5t pleasure2 = in/ance1 sickness & untimely dea? are ! consequ5ce ( intemp]ance1 ?\gh accompani$ ) ! highe/ mir?1 & jollity4 ,^! puni%m5ts are (t5 mu* great]1 ?an ! advantages or pleasures obta9$ by ! actions1 ( :i* !y are ! puni%m5ts or consequ5ces4 ,?\gh we may imag9e a con/itution ( nature1 9 :i* ^! natural puni%m5ts1 :i* are 9 fact to foll[1 w\ld foll[1 imm$iately ^u su* actions be+ done1 or v soon aft]2 we f9d on ! contr>y 9 our _w1 t !y are (t5 delay$ a great :ile1 sometimes ev5 till long aft] ! actions occasion+ !m are =got2 s t ! con/itution ( nature is su*1 t delay ( puni%m5t is no sort nor degree ( presumption ( f9al impunity4 ,aft] su* delay1 ^! natural puni%m5ts or mis]ies (t5 come1 n by degrees1 b sudd5ly1 ) viol5ce1 & at once2 h[ev]1 ! *ief mis]y (t5 does4 ,z c]ta9ty ( su* di/ant mis]y foll[+ su* actions1 is nev] af=d$ p]sons1 s p]haps dur+ ! actions1 !y h seldom a di/9ct1 full expectation ( its foll[+3#ec & _m times ! case is only ?us1 t !y see 9 g5]al1 or may see1 ! cr$ibility1 t intemp]ance1 suppose1 w br+ aft] x diseases2 civil crimes1 civil puni%m5ts2 :5 yet ! real probability (t5 is1 t !y %all escape2 b ?+s not)/&+ take _! de/9$ c\rse1 & ! mis]y inevitably foll[s at its appo9t$ "t1 9 v _m ( ^! cases4 ,?us also ?\gh y\? may be alleg$ z an excuse = ra%ness & folly1 z be+ naturally ?\ghtless1 & n cle>ly =esee+ all ! consequ5ces ( be+ untractable & pr(ligate1 ?is does n h9d]1 b t ^! consequ5ces foll[2 & are griev\sly felt1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole c\rse ( mature life4 ,habits contract$ ev5 9 t age1 are (t5 utt] ru93 & m5's success 9 ! _w1 n only 9 ! common s5se ( worldly success1 b _! real happ9ess & mis]y1 dep5ds1 9 a great degree1 & 9 v>i\s ways1 ^u ! mann] 9 :i* !y pass _! y\?2 :i* consequ5ces !y = ! mo/ "p neglect to consid]1 & p]haps seldom c prop]ly be said to believe1 be=eh&4 ,9 numb]less cases1 ! natural c\rse ( ?+s af=ds u opportunities = procur+ advantages to ourselves at c]ta9 times1 :i* we _c procure :5 we w2 nor ev] recall ! opportunities1 if we h neglect$ !m4 ,inde$ ! g5]al c\rse ( nature is an example ( ?is4 ,if1 dur+ ! opportunity ( y\?1 p]sons are indocile & self-will$1 !y inevitably suff] 9 _! future life1 = want ( ^? acquirem5ts1 :i* !y neglect$ ! natural season ( atta9+4 ,if ! husb&man lets se$time pass )\t s[+1 ! :ole ye> is lo/ to him beyond recov]y4 ,?\gh aft] m5 h be5 guilty ( folly & extravagance up to a c]ta9 degree1 x is (t5 9 _! p[]1 to retrieve _! affairs1 to recov] _! heal? & "*1 at lea/ 9 good measure2 yet real re=mation is 9 _m cases1 ( no avail at all t[>ds prev5t+ ! mis]ies1 pov]ty1 sickness1 infamy1 naturally annex$ to folly & extravagance exce$+ t degree4 ,!re is a c]ta9 b\nd to imprud5ce & misbehavior1 :i* be+ transgress$1 !re rema9s no place = rep5tance 9 ! natural c\rse ( ?+s4 ,x is fur!r v mu* to be rem>k$1 t neglects f inconsid]at5ess1 want ( att5tion1#ed n look+ ab\t u to see :at we h to d1 are (t5 att5d$ ) consequ5ces altoge!r z dreadful1 z any active misbehavior1 f ! mo/ extravagant passion4 ,& la/ly1 civil gov]nm5t be+ natural1 ! puni%m5ts ( x are s too3 & "s ( ^! puni%m5ts are capital2 z ! effects ( a dissolute c\rse ( pleasure are (t5 mortal4 ,s t _m natural puni%m5ts are f9al#ee to him :o incurs !m1 if consid]$ only 9 8 temporal capacity2 & seem inflict$ by natural appo9tm5t1 ei!r to remove ! (f5d] out ( ! way ( be+ fur!r mis*iev\s1 or z an example1 ?\gh frequ5tly a disreg>d$ "o1 to ^? :o are left beh9d4 ,^! ?+s are n :at we call accid5tal1 or to be met ) only n[ & !n2 b !y are ?+s ( e day's exp]i5ce4 ,!y proce$ f g5]al laws1 v g5]al ones1 by :i* ,god gov]ns ! _w 9 ! natural c\rse ( 8 provid5ce4#ef ,& !y are s analog\s1 to :at religion tea*es u conc]n+ ! future puni%m5t ( ! wick$1 s mu* ( a piece ) x1 t bo? w\ld naturally be express$ 9 ! v same words1 & mann] ( description4 ,9 ! book ( ,prov]bs1#eg = in/ance1 wisdom is introduc$1 z frequ5t+ ! mo/ public places ( resort1 & z reject$ :5 %e (f]s h]self z ! natural appo9t$ guide ( human life4 ,h[ long1 speak+ to ^? :o are pass+ ?r\gh x1 h[ long1 ye simple ones1 w ye love folly1 & ! scorn]s delight 9 _! scorn+1 & fools hate k8 ,turn ye at my repro(4 ,behold1 ,i w p\r out my _s ^u y1 ,i w make kn[n my words unto y4 ,b ^u be+ neglect$1 ,because ,i h call$1 & ye refus$1 ,i h /ret*$ out my h&1 & no man reg>d$2 b ye h set at n\ght all my c\nsel1 & w\ld none ( my repro(3 ,i also w laugh at y\r calamity1 ,i w mock :5 y\r fe> come?2 :5 y\r fe> come? z desolation1 & y\r de/ruction come? z a :irlw9d2 :5 di/ress & angui% come ^u y4 ,!n %all !y call ^u me1 b ,i w n answ]2 !y %all seek me e>ly1 b !y %all n f9d me4 ,?is passage1 e "o sees1 is poetical1 & "s p>ts ( x are highly figurative2 b ! mean+ is obvi\s4 ,& ! ?+ int5d$ is express$ m lit]ally 9 ! foll[+ words2 ,= t !y hat$ k1 & did n *oose ! fe> ( ! ,"l----!re=e %all !y eat ( ! fruit ( _! own way1 & be fill$ ) _! own devices4 ,= ! security ( ! simple %all slay !m1 & ! prosp]ity ( fools %all de/roy !m4 ,! :ole passage is s equally applicable to :at we exp]i5ce 9 ! pres5t _w1 conc]n+ ! consequ5ces ( m5's actions1 & to :at religion tea*es u is to be expect$ 9 ano!r1 t x may be que/ion$ :i* ( ! two 0 pr9cipally int5d$4 ,inde$ :5 "o has be5 recollect+ ! prop] pro(s ( a future /ate ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 no?+ me?9ks c give "o s s5sible an appreh5sion ( ! latt]1 or repres5tation ( x to ! m9d1 z obs]v+1 t aft] ! _m disreg>d$ *ecks1 admonitions1 & w>n+s1 :i* p meet ) 9 ! ways ( vice & folly & extravagance1 w>n+s f _! v nature1 f ! examples ( o!rs1 f ! less] inconv5i5ces :i* !y br+ ^u !mselves1 f ! in/ructions ( wise & virtu\s m53 aft] ^! h be5 long despis$1 scorn$1 ridicul$3 aft] ! *ief bad consequ5ces1 temporal consequ5ces1 ( _! follies1 h be5 delay$ = a great :ile1 at l5g? !y break 9 irresi/ibly1 l an arm$ =ce3 rep5tance is too late to relieve1 & c s]ve only to aggravate _! di/ress1 ! case is become desp]ate3 & pov]ty & sickness1 remorse & angui%1 infamy & dea?1 ! effects ( _! own do+s1 ov]:elm !m beyond possibility ( rem$y or escape4 ,?is is an acc\nt ( :at is2 9 fact1 ! g5]al con/itution ( nature4 ,x is n 9 any sort meant1 t1 accord+ to :at appe>s at pres5t ( ! natural c\rse ( ?+s1 m5 are always uni=mly puni%$ 9 proportion to _! misbehavior4 ,b t !re are v _m in/ances ( misbehavior puni%$ 9 ! sev]al ways n[ m5tion$1 & v dreadful in/ances too2 suffici5t to %[ :at ! laws ( ! univ]se may admit1 &1 if ?or\ghly consid]$1 suffici5t fully to answ] all objections aga9/ ! cr$ibility ( a future /ate ( puni%m5ts1 f any imag9ations1 t ! frailty ( our nature & ext]nal temptations1 almo/ annihilate ! guilt ( human vices3 z well z objections ( ano!r sort2 f necessity1 f suppositions1 t ! w ( an inf9ite ,be+ _c be contradict$1 or t he mu/ be incapable ( (f5ce & provocation4#eh ,reflections ( ?is k9d are n )\t _! t]rors to s]i\s p]sons1 ev5 ! mo/ free f en?usiasm1 & ( ! greate/ /r5g? ( m9d2 b x is fit t ?+s be /at$ & consid]$ z !y really are4 ,!re is1 9 ! pres5t age1 a c]ta9 fe>lessness ) reg>d to :at may be h]eaft] "u ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 :i* no?+ b a univ]sally ackn[l$g$ demon/ration on ! side ( a!ism c ju/ify2 & :i* makes x q necess>y1 t m5 be rem9d$1 & if possible made to feel1 t !re is no sort ( gr\nd = be+ ?us presumptu\s1 ev5 ^u ! mo/ sceptical pr9ciples4 ,=1 may x n be said ( any p]son ^u 8 be+ born into ! _w1 he may behave s z to be ( no s]vice to x1 b by be+ made an example ( ! woeful effects ( vice & folly8 ,t he may1 z any "o may1 if he w1 incur an infam\s execution f ! h&s ( civil ju/ice1 or 9 "s o!r c\rse ( extravagance %ort5 8 days2 or br+ ^u himself infamy & diseases worse ?an dea?8 ,s t x _h be5 bett] = him1 ev5 ) reg>d to ! pres5t _w1 t he _h nev] be5 born4 ,& is !re any pret5ce ( reason = p to ?9k !mselves secure1 & talk z if !y _h c]ta9 pro(1 t1 let !m act z lic5ti\sly z !y w1 !re c be no?+ analog\s to ?is1 ) reg>d to a future & m g5]al int]e/1 "u ! provid5ce & gov]nm5t ( ! same ,god8 ,,*apt] ,,iii4#ei ,,! ,,moral ,,gov]nm5t ,,( ,,god4 ,z ! manifold appe>ances ( design1 & ( f9al causes1 9 ! con/itution ( ! _w1 prove x to be ! "w ( an intellig5t m9d1 s ! p>ticul> f9al causes ( pleasure & pa9 di/ribut$ among/ 8 creatures1 prove t !y are "u 8 gov]nm5t2 :at may be call$ 8 natural gov]nm5t ( creatures endu$ ) s5se & reason4 ,?is implies some:at m ?an seems usually att5d$ to1 :5 we speak ( ,god's natural gov]nm5t ( ! _w4 ,x implies gov]nm5t ( ! v same k9d ) t :i* a ma/] ex]cises ov] 8 s]vants1 or a civil magi/rate ov] 8 subjects4 ,^! latt] in/ances ( f9al causes1 z really prove an intellig5t ,gov]nor ( ! _w1 9 ! s5se n[ m5tion$1 & be=e#fj di/9ctly treat$ (2 z any o!r in/ances ( f9al causes prove an intellig5t ,mak] ( x4 ,b ?is alone does n appe> at fir/ sight to det]m9e any ?+ c]ta9ly1 conc]n+ ! moral "* ( ! ,au?or ( nature1 consid]$ 9 ?is relation ( gov]nor2 does n asc]ta9 8 gov]nm5t to be moral1 or prove t he is ! righte\s ,judge ( ! _w4 ,moral gov]nm5t consi/s1 n 9 b>ely rew>d+ & puni%+ m5 = _! actions1 :i* ! mo/ tyrannical may d1 b 9 rew>d+ ! righte\s1 & puni%+ ! wick$3 9 r5d]+ to m5 accord+ to _! actions1 consid]$ z good or evil4 ,& ! p]fection ( moral gov]nm5t consi/s 9 do+ ?is1 ) reg>d to all intellig5t creatures1 9 an exact proportion to _! p]sonal m]its or dem]its4 ,"s m5 seem to ?9k ! only "* ( ! ,au?or ( nature to be t ( simple absolute b5evol5ce4 ,?is1 consid]$ z a pr9ciple ( action & inf9ite 9 degree1 is a disposition to produce ! greate/ possible happ9ess1 )\t reg>d to p]sons' behavior1 o!rwise ?an z su* reg>d w\ld produce high] degrees ( x4 ,& suppos+ ?is to be ! only "* ( ,god1 v]acity & ju/ice 9 him w\ld be no?+ b b5evol5ce conduct$ by wisdom4 ,surely ?is ought n to be ass]t$1 unless x c be prov$2 = we %\ld speak ) cauti\s rev]5ce ^u su* a subject4 ,:e!r x c be prov$ or no1 is n ! ?+ "h to be inquir$ into2 b :e!r 9 ! con/itution & conduct ( ! _w1 a righte\s gov]nm5t be n disc]nibly plann$ out3 :i* necess>ily implies a righte\s gov]nor4 ,!re may possibly be 9 ! creation be+s1 to :om ! ,au?or ( nature manife/s himself "u ?is mo/ amiable ( all *>act]s1 ?is ( inf9ite absolute b5evol5ce2 = x is ! mo/ amiable1 suppos+ x n1 z p]haps x is n1 incompatible ) ju/ice2 b he manife/s himself to u "u ! "* ( a righte\s gov]nor4 ,he may1 consi/5tly ) ?is1 be simply & absolutely b5evol5t1 9 ! s5se n[ expla9$3 b he is 7= he has giv5 u a pro( 9 ! con/itution & conduct ( ! _w t he is7 a gov]nor ov] s]vants1 z he rew>ds & puni%es u = our actions4 ,& 9 ! con/itution & conduct ( x1 he may also h giv51 besides ! reason ( ! ?+1 & ! natural presages ( consci5ce1 cle> & di/9ct intimations1 t 8 gov]nm5t is righte\s or moral3 cle> to su* z ?9k ! nature ( x des]v+ _! att5tion1 & yet n to e c>eless p]son1 :o ca/s a transi5t reflection ^u ! subject4#fa ,x is p>ticul>ly to be obs]v$1 t ! div9e gov]nm5t1 :i* we exp]i5ce ourselves "u 9 ! pres5t /ate1 tak5 alone1 is all[$ n to be ! p]fection ( moral gov]nm5t4 ,yet ?is by no means h9d]s1 b t !re may be some:at1 be x m or less1 truly moral 9 x4 ,a righte\s gov]nm5t may pla9ly appe> to be c>ri$ on to "s degree1 en\gh to give u ! appreh5sion t x %all be complet$1 or c>ri$ on to t degree ( p]fection :i* religion tea*es u x %all2 b :i* _c appe>1 till mu* m ( ! div9e adm9i/ration be se51 ?an c be se5 9 ! pres5t life4 ,! design ( ?is *apt] is to inquire h[ f> ?is is ! case3 h[ f>1 ov] & above ! moral nature#fb :i* ,god has giv5 u1 & our natural notion ( him z righte\s gov]nor ( ^? 8 creatures1 to :om he has giv5 ?is nature2#fc ,i say h[ f> besides ?is1 ! pr9ciples & beg9n+s ( a moral gov]nm5t ov] ! _w may be disc]n$1 not)/&+ & amid/ all ! confusion & disord] ( x4 ,"o might m5tion "h1 :at has be5 (t5 urg$ ) great =ce1 t1 9 g5]al1 less uneas9ess & m satisfaction1 are ! natural consequ5ces#fd ( a virtu\s ?an ( a vici\s c\rse ( life1 9 ! pres5t /ate1 z an in/ance ( a moral gov]nm5t e/abli%$ 9 nature2 an in/ance ( x collect$ f exp]i5ce & pres5t matt] ( fact4#fe ,b x mu/ be own$ a ?+ ( difficulty to weigh & balance pleasures & uneas9esses1 ea* among/ !mselves1 & also aga9/ ea* o!r1 s z to make an e/imate ) any exactness1 ( ! ov]plus ( happ9ess on ! side ( virtue4 ,& x is n impossible1 t1 amid/ ! inf9ite disord]s ( ! _w1 !re may be exceptions to ! happ9ess ( virtue2 ev5 ) reg>d to p]sons1 ^: c\rse ( life f _! y\? up has be5 blameless3 & m ) reg>d to ^? :o h gone on = "s "t 9 ! ways ( vice1 & h aft]w>ds re=m$4 ,= suppose an in/ance ( ! latt] case2 a p]son ) 8 passions inflam$1 8 natural faculty ( self-gov]nm5t impair$ by habits ( indulg5ce1 & ) all 8 vices ab\t him1 l s _m h>pies1 crav+ _! accu/om$ gratification2 :o c say h[ long x might be1 be=e su* a p]son w\ld f9d m satisfaction 9 ! reasonabl5ess & pres5t good consequ5ces ( virtue1 ?an difficulties & self-d5ial 9 ! re/ra9ts ( x8 ,exp]i5ce also %[s1 t m5 c to a great degree1 get ov] _! s5se ( %ame1 s z t by pr(ess+ !mselves to be )\t pr9ciple1 & av[+ ev5 direct villany1 !y c support !mselves aga9/ ! infamy ( x4 ,b z ! ill actions ( any "o w probably be m talk$ (1 & (t5] ?r[n 9 8 way1 ^u 8 re=mation2 s ! infamy ( !m w be mu* m felt1 aft] ! natural s5se ( virtue & ( honor is recov]$4 ,uneas9ess ( ?is k9d ought inde$ to be put to ! acc\nt ( =m] vices3 yet x w be said !y are 9 "p ! consequ5ces ( re=mation4 ,/ill ,i am f> f all[+ x d\btful1 :e!r virtue1 ^u ! :ole1 be happi] ?an vice 9 ! pres5t _w4 ,if x 71 yet ! beg9n+s ( a righte\s adm9i/ration may1 beyond all "q1 be f\nd 9 nature1 if we w att5tively inquire aft] !m4#ff ,i4 ,9 :atev] mann] ! notion ( ,god's moral gov]nm5t ov] ! _w might be treat$1 if x did n appe>1 :e!r he 7 9 a prop] s5se our gov]nor at all2 yet :5 x is c]ta9 matt] ( exp]i5ce1 t he does manife/ himself to u "u ! "* ( a gov]nor 9 ! s5se expla9$1#fg x mu/ des]ve to be consid]$1 :e!r !re be n reason to appreh5d1 t he may be a righte\s or moral gov]nor4 ,s9ce x appe>s to be fact1 t ,god does gov]n mank9d by ! me?od ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 accord+ to "s settl$ rules ( di/ribution2 x is surely a "q to be ask$1 :at presumption is !re aga9/ 8 f9ally rew>d+ & puni%+ !m accord+ to ?is p>ticul> rule1 namely1 z !y act reasonably1 or unreasonably1 virtu\sly or vici\sly8 ,r5d]+ m5 happy or mis]able by ?is rule1 c]ta9ly falls 91 mu* m falls 91 ) our natural appreh5sions & s5se ( ?+s1 ?an do+ s by any o!r rule :atev]2 s9ce rew>d+ & puni%+ actions by any o!r rule1 w\ld appe> mu* h>d] to be acc\nt$ =1 by m9ds =m$ z he has =m$ ours4 ,be ! evid5ce ( religion !n m or less cle>1 ! expectation :i* x raises 9 u1 t ! righte\s %all1 ^u ! :ole1 be happy1 & ! wick$ mis]able1 _c possibly be consid]$ z absurd or *im]ical2 because x is no m ?an an expectation1 t a me?od ( gov]nm5t already begun1 %all be c>ri$ on1 ! me?od ( rew>d+ & puni%+ actions2 & %all be c>ri$ on by a p>ticul> rule1 :i* unavoidably appe>s to u at fir/ sight m natural ?an any o!r1 ! rule :i* we call di/ributive ju/ice4 ,nor1 ,,ii4 ,ought x to be entirely pass$ ov]1 t tranquillity1 satisfaction1 & ext]nal advantages1 be+ ! natural consequ5ces ( prud5t managem5t ( ourselves1 & our affairs2 & ra%ness1 pr(ligate neglig5ce1 & wilful folly1 br++ aft] !m _m inconv5i5ces & suff]+s2 ^! af=d in/ances ( a "r con/itution ( nature1 z ! correction ( *ildr51 = _! own sakes1 & by way ( example1 :5 !y run into dang] or hurt !mselves1 is a "p ( "r education4#fh ,?us1 t ,god gov]ns ! _w by g5]al fix$ laws1 t he has endu$ u ) capacities ( reflect+ ^u ?is con/itution ( ?+s1 & =esee+ ! good & bad consequ5ces ( behavior1 pla9ly implies "s sort ( moral gov]nm5t2 s9ce f su* a con/itution ( ?+s x _c b foll[1 t prud5ce & imprud5ce1 :i* are ( ! nature ( virtue & vice1#fi mu/ be1 z !y are1 respectively rew>d$ & puni%$4 ,,iii4 ,f ! natural c\rse ( ?+s1 vici\s actions are1 to a great degree1 actually puni%$ z mis*iev\s to society2 & besides puni%m5t actually inflict$ ^u ?is acc\nt1 !re is also ! fe> & appreh5sion ( x 9 ^? p]sons1 ^: crimes h r5d]$ !m obnoxi\s to x1 9 case ( a discov]y2 ?is /ate ( fe> be+ (t5 itself a v consid]able puni%m5t4 ,! natural fe> & appreh5sion ( x too1 :i* re/ra9s f su* crimes1 is a decl>ation ( nature aga9/ !m4 ,x is necess>y to ! v be+ ( society1 t vices1 de/ructive ( x1 %\ld be puni%$ z be+ s2 ! vices ( falsehood1 inju/ice1 cruelty3 :i* puni%m5t !re=e is z natural z society1 & s is an in/ance ( a k9d ( moral gov]nm5t1 naturally e/abli%$1 & actually tak+ place4 ,&1 s9ce ! c]ta9 natural c\rse ( ?+s is ! conduct ( provid5ce or ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 ?\gh c>ri$ on by ! in/rum5tality ( m51 ! obs]vation "h made am\nts to ?is1 t mank9d f9d !mselves plac$ by him 9 su* circum/ances1 z t !y are unavoidably acc\ntable = _! behavior2 & are (t5 puni%$1 & sometimes rew>d$1 "u 8 gov]nm5t1 9 ! view ( _! be+ mis*iev\s1 or em95tly b5eficial to society4 ,if x be object$ t good actions & su* z are b5eficial to society1 are (t5 puni%$1 z 9 ! case ( p]secution & 9 o!r cases2 & t ill & mis*iev\s actions are (t5 rew>d$3#gj x may be answ]$ di/9ctly1 fir/1 t ?is is 9 no sort necess>y1 & consequ5tly n natural 9 ! s5se 9 :i* x is necess>y1 & !re=e natural1 t ill or mis*iev\s actions %\ld be puni%$3 & 9 ! next place1 t good actions are nev] puni%$1 consid]$ z b5eficial to society1 nor ill actions rew>d$1 "u ! view ( _! be+ hurtful to x4 ,s t x /&s good1 )\t any ?+ on ! side ( vice to be set ov] aga9/ x1 t ! ,au?or ( nature has z truly direct$1 t vici\s actions1 consid]$ z mis*iev\s to society1 %\ld be puni%$1 & put mank9d "u a necessity ( ?us puni%+ !m1 z he has direct$ & necessitat$ u to pres]ve our lives by food4 ,,iv4 ,9 ! natural c\rse ( ?+s1 virtue z su* is actually rew>d$1 & vice z su* puni%$3 :i* seems to af=d an in/ance or example1 n only ( gov]nm5t1 b ( moral gov]nm5t1 begun & e/abli%$2 moral 9 ! /ricte/ s5se1 ?\gh n 9 t p]fection ( degree1 :i* religion tea*es u to expect4 ,9 ord] to see ?is m cle>ly1 we mu/ di/+ui% betwe5 actions !mselves1 & t quality ascrib$ to !m1 :i* we call virtu\s or vici\s4#ga ,! gratification itself ( e natural passion1 mu/ be att5d$ ) delight2 & acquisitions ( =tune1 h[ev] made1 are acquisitions ( ! means or mat]ials ( enjoym5t4 ,an action !n1 by :i* any natural passion is gratifi$1 or =tune acquir$1 procures delight or advantage2 ab/ract$ f all consid]ation ( ! morality ( su* action4 ,consequ5tly1 ! pleasure or advantage 9 ?is case1 is ga9$ by ! action itself1 n by ! morality1 ! virtu\sness or vici\sness ( x2 ?\gh x be p]haps virtu\s or vici\s4 ,to say t su* an action or c\rse ( behavior1 procur$ su* pleasure or advantage1 or br\ght on su* inconv5i5ce & pa91 is q a diff]5t ?+ f say+1 t su* good or bad effect 0 ow+ to ! virtue or vice ( su* action or behavior4 ,9 "o case1 an action ab/ract$ f all moral consid]ation1 produc$ its effect3 9 ! o!r case1 = x w appe> t !re are su* cases1 ! morality ( ! action "u a moral consid]ation1 i4e4 ! virtu\sness or vici\sness ( x1 produc$ ! effect4 ,n[ ,i say virtue z su*1 naturally procures consid]able advantages to ! virtu\s1 & vice z su*1 naturally occasions great inconv5i5ce & ev5 mis]y to ! vici\s1 9 v _m in/ances4 ,! imm$iate effects ( virtue & vice ^u ! m9d & temp]1 are to be m5tion$ z in/ances ( x4 ,vice z su* is naturally att5d$ ) "s sort ( uneas9ess1 & n uncommonly1 ) great di/urbance & appreh5sion4 ,t inw>d feel+1 :i*1 respect+ less] matt]s & 9 famili> spee* we call be+ vex$ ) oneself1 & 9 matt]s ( importance & 9 m s]i\s language1 remorse2 is an uneas9ess naturally aris+ f an action ( a man's own1 reflect$ ^u by himself z wrong1 unreasonable1 faulty1 i4e4 vici\s 9 great] or less degrees3 & ?is manife/ly is a diff]5t feel+ f t uneas9ess1 :i* arises f a s5se ( m]e loss or h>m4 ,:at is m common1 ?an to he> a man lam5t+ an accid5t or ev5t1 & add+--b h[ev] he has ! satisfaction t he _c blame himself = x2 or on ! contr>y1 t he has ! uneas9ess ( be+ s5sible x 0 8 own do+8 ,?us also ! di/urbance & fe>1 :i* (t5 foll[ ^u a man's hav+ done an injury1 arise f a s5se ( 8 be+ blamewor?y2 o!rwise !re w\ld1 9 _m cases1 be no gr\nd ( di/urbance1 nor any reason to fe> res5tm5t or %ame4 ,on ! o!r h&1 inw>d security & peace1 & a m9d op5 to ! sev]al gratifications ( life1 are ! natural att5dants ( innoc5ce & virtue4 ,to :i* mu/ be add$ ! complac5cy1 satisfaction1 & ev5 joy ( he>t1 :i* accompany ! ex]cise1 ! real ex]cise ( gratitude1 fri5d%ip1 b5evol5ce4 ,& "h1 ,i ?9k1 ought to be m5tion$ ! fe>s ( future puni%m5t1 & peaceful hopes ( a bett] life1 9 ^? :o fully believe1 or h any s]i\s appreh5sion ( religion3 because ^! hopes & fe>s are pres5t uneas9ess & satisfaction to ! m9d1 & _c be got rid ( by great "p ( ! _w1 ev5 by m5 :o h ?\ght mo/ ?or\ghly ^u ! subject ( religion4 ,& no "o c say1 h[ consid]able ?is uneas9ess or satisfaction may be1 or :at ^u ! :ole x may am\nt to4#gb ,9 ! next place comes 9 ! consid]ation1 t all hone/ & good m5 are dispos$ to befri5d hone/ good m5 z su*1 & to disc\nt5ance ! vici\s z su*1 & d s 9 "s degree2 inde$ 9 a consid]able degree3 f :i* favor & disc\ragem5t _c b arise consid]able advantage & inconv5i5ce4 ,?\gh ! g5]ality ( ! _w h little reg>d to ! morality ( _! own actions1 & may be suppos$ to h less to t ( o!rs1 :5 !y !mselves are n conc]n$2 yet let any "o be kn[n to be a man ( virtue1 someh[ or o!r he w be favor$ & good (fices w be done him1 f reg>d to 8 "*1 )\t remote views1 occasionally1 & 9 "s l[ degree1 ,i ?9k1 by ! g5]ality ( ! _w1 z x happ5s to come 9 _! way4 ,public honors too & advantages are ! natural consequ5ces1 & sometimes at lea/1 ! consequ5ces 9 fact1 ( virtu\s actions2 ( em95t ju/ice1 fidelity1 *>ity1 love to our c\ntry1 consid]$ 9 ! view ( be+ virtu\s4 ,& sometimes ev5 dea? itself1 (t5 infamy & ext]nal inconv5i5ces1 are ! public consequ5ces ( vice z vice4 ,= in/ance1 ! s5se :i* mank9d h ( tyranny1 inju/ice1 oppression1 additional to ! m]e feel+ or fe> ( mis]y1 has d\btless be5 in/rum5tal 9 br++ ab\t revolutions1 :i* make a figure ev5 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,= x is pla91 t m5 res5t injuries z imply+ fault9ess1 & retaliate1 n m]ely "u ! notion ( hav+ receiv$ h>m1 b ( hav+ receiv$ wrong2 & !y h ?is res5tm5t 9 behalf ( o!rs1 z well z ( !mselves4 ,s likewise ev5 ! g5]ality are1 9 "s degree1 grateful & dispos$ to return good (fices1 n m]ely because su* a "o has be5 ! occasion ( good to !m1 b "u ! view1 t su* good (fices impli$ k9d int5tion & good des]t 9 ! do]4 ,to all ?is may be add$ two or ?ree p>ticul> ?+s1 :i* _m p]sons w ?9k frivol\s2 b to me no?+ appe>s s1 :i* at all comes 9 t[>ds det]m9+ a "q ( su* importance1 z1 :e!r !re be or be n1 a moral in/itution ( gov]nm5t1 9 ! /ricte/ s5se moral1 visibly e/abli%$ & begun 9 nature4 ,! p>ticul> ?+s are ^!3 ,t 9 dome/ic gov]nm5t1 :i* is d\btless natural1 *ildr5 & o!rs also are v g5]ally puni%$ = falsehood1 inju/ice1 & ill-behavior1 z su*1 & rew>d$ = ! contr>y3 :i* are in/ances ( v]acity & ju/ice & "r behavior1 z su*1 naturally en=c$ by rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 m or less consid]able4 ,t1 ?\gh civil gov]nm5t be suppos$ to take cognizance ( actions 9 no o!r view ?an z prejudicial to society1 )\t respect to ! immorality ( !m1 yet z su* actions are immoral1 s ! s5se :i* m5 h ( ! immorality ( !m1 v greatly contributes1 9 diff]5t ways1 to br+ (f5d]s to ju/ice4 ,& t entire abs5ce ( all crime & guilt 9 ! moral s5se1 :5 pla9ly appe>+1 w almo/ ( c\rse procure1 & circum/ances ( aggravat$ guilt prev5t1 a remission ( ! p5alties annex$ to civil crimes1 9 _m cases1 ?\gh by no means 9 all4 ,^u ! :ole !n1 besides ! good & bad effects ( virtue & vice ^u m5's own m9ds1 ! c\rse ( ! _w does1 9 "s measure1 turn ^u ! approbation & disapprobation ( !m z su*1 9 o!rs4 ,! s5se ( well & ill do+1 ! presages ( consci5ce1 ! love ( good *>act]s & dislike ( bad ones1 honor1 %ame1 res5tm5t1 gratitude1 all ^!1 consid]$ 9 !mselves1 & 9 _! effects1 d af=d manife/ real in/ances1 ( virtue z su* naturally favor$1 & ( vice z su* disc\nt5anc$1 m or less1 9 ! daily c\rse ( human life2 9 e age1 9 e relation1 9 e g5]al circum/ance ( x4 ,t ,god has giv5 u a moral nature1#gc may mo/ ju/ly be urg$ z a pro( ( our be+ "u 8 moral gov]nm5t3 b t he has plac$ u 9 a condition1 :i* gives ?is nature1 z "o may speak1 scope to op]ate1 & 9 :i* x does unavoidably op]ate2 i4e4 influ5ce mank9d to act1 s z ?us to favor & rew>d virtue1 & disc\nt5ance & puni% vice1 ?is is n ! same1 b a fur!r additional pro( ( 8 moral gov]nm5t2 = x is an in/ance ( x4 ,! fir/ is a pro(1 t he w f9ally favor & support virtue effectually3 ! second is an example ( 8 favor+ & support+ x at pres5t1 9 "s degree4 ,if a m di/9ct inquiry be made1 :5ce x arises1 t virtue z su* is (t5 rew>d$1 & vice z su* is puni%$1 & ?is rule nev] inv]t$1 x w be f\nd to proce$1 9 "p1 imm$iately f ! moral nature itself1 :i* ,god has giv5 u2#gd & also 9 "p1 f 8 hav+ giv5 u1 toge!r ) ?is nature1 s great a p[] ov] ea* o!r's happ9ess & mis]y4 ,=1 fir/1 x is c]ta91 t peace & delight1 9 "s degree & ^u "s occasions1 is ! necess>y & pres5t effect ( virtu\s practice2 an effect aris+ imm$iately f t con/itution ( our nature4 ,we are s made1 t well-do+ z su*1 gives u satisfaction1 at lea/ 9 "s in/ances2 ill-do+ z su*1 9 none4 ,&1 secondly1 f our moral nature1 jo9$ ) ,god's hav+ put our happ9ess & mis]y 9 _m respects 9 ea* o!r's p[]1 x _c b be1 t vice z su*1 "s k9ds & in/ances ( x at lea/1 w be infam\s1 & m5 w be dispos$ to puni% x z 9 itself dete/able2 & ! villa9 w by no means be able always to avoid feel+ t infamy1 any m ?an he w be able to escape ?is fur!r puni%m5t1 :i* mank9d w be dispos$ to inflict ^u him1 "u ! notion ( 8 des]v+ x4 ,b !re c be no?+ on ! side ( vice1 to answ] ?is2 because !re is no?+ 9 ! human m9d contradictory1 z ! logicians speak1 to virtue4 ,= virtue consi/s 9 a reg>d to :at is "r & reasonable1 z be+ s2 9 a reg>d to v]acity1 ju/ice1 *>ity1 9 !mselves3 & !re is surely no su* ?+1 z a l natural reg>d to falsehood1 inju/ice1 cruelty4 ,if x be ?\ght1 t !re are in/ances ( an approbation ( vice1 z su*1 9 itself1 & = its own sake1 7?\gh x does n appe> to me1 t !re is any su* ?+ at all27 x is evid5tly mon/r\s3 z mu* s1 z ! mo/ ackn[l$g$ p]v]sion ( any passion :atev]4 ,su* in/ances ( p]v]sion !n be+ left out1 z m]ely imag9>y1 or at lea/ unnatural2 x mu/ foll[1 f ! frame ( our nature1 & f our condition1 9 ! respects n[ describ$1 t vice _c at all be1 & virtue _c b be1 favor$ z su* by o!rs1 ^u "s occasions1 & happy 9 itself1 9 "s degree4 ,= :at is "h insi/$ ^u1 is n ! degree 9 :i* virtue & vice are ?us di/+ui%$1 b only ! ?+ itself1 t !y are s 9 "s degree2 ?\gh ! :ole good & bad effect ( virtue & vice z su*1 is n inconsid]able 9 degree4 ,b t !y mu/ be ?us di/+ui%$ 9 "s degree1 is 9 a mann] necess>y3 x is matt] ( fact ( daily exp]i5ce1 ev5 9 ! greate/ confusion ( human affairs4 ,x is n pret5d$ b t1 9 ! natural c\rse ( ?+s1 happ9ess & mis]y appe> to be di/ribut$ by o!r rules1 ?an only ! p]sonal m]it & dem]it ( *>act]s4 ,!y may sometimes be di/ribut$ by way ( m]e discipl9e4 ,!re may be ! wise/ & be/ reasons1 :y ! _w %\ld be gov]n$ by g5]al laws1 f :5ce su* promiscu\s di/ribution p]haps mu/ foll[2 & also :y our happ9ess & mis]y %\ld be put 9 ea* o!r's p[]1 9 ! degree :i* !y are4 ,& ^! ?+s1 z1 9 g5]al1 !y contribute to ! rew>d+ virtue & puni%+ vice1 z su*1 s !y (t5 contribute also1 n to ! inv]sion ( ?is1 :i* is impossible1 b to ! r5d]+ p]sons prosp]\s1 ?\gh wick$2 afflict$1 ?\gh righte\s2 &1 :i* is worse1 to ! rew>d+ "s actions1 ?\gh vici\s1 & puni%+ o!r actions1 ?\gh virtu\s4#ge ,b all ?is _c dr[n ! voice ( nature 9 ! conduct ( ,provid5ce1 pla9ly decl>+ itself = virtue1 by way ( di/9ction f vice1 & pref]5ce to x4 ,= our be+ s con/itut$ z t virtue & vice are ?us naturally favor$ & disc\nt5anc$1 rew>d$ & puni%$1 respectively z su*1 is an intuitive pro( ( ! int5t ( nature1 t x %\ld be s2 o!rwise ! con/itution ( our m9d1 f :i* x ?us imm$iately & directly proce$s1 w\ld be absurd4 ,b x _c be said1 because virtu\s actions are sometimes puni%$1 & vici\s actions rew>d$1 t nature int5d$ x4 ,=1 ?\gh ?is great disord] is br\ght ab\t1 z all actions are1 by means ( "s natural passion2 yet ?is may be1 z x und\bt$ly is1 br\ght ab\t by ! p]v]sion ( su* passion1 implant$ 9 u = o!r1 & ^? v good purposes4 ,& inde$ ^! o!r & good purposes1 ev5 ( e passion1 may be cle>ly se54 ,we h !n a decl>ation1 9 "s degree ( pres5t effect1 f ,him :o is supreme 9 nature1 :i* side he is (1 or :at "p he takes2 a decl>ation = virtue1 & aga9/ vice4 ,s f> !re=e z a man is true to virtue1 to v]acity & ju/ice1 to equity & *>ity1 & ! "r ( ! case1 9 :atev] he is conc]n$2 s f> he is on ! side ( ! div9e adm9i/ration1 & co-op]ates ) x3 & f h5ce1 to su* a man1 arises naturally a secret satisfaction & s5se ( security1 & implicit hope ( some:at fur!r4 ,v4 ,?is hope is confirm$ by ! necess>y t5d5cies ( virtue1 :i*1 ?\gh n ( pres5t effect1 yet are at pres5t disc]nible 9 nature2 & s af=d an in/ance ( some:at moral 9 ! ess5tial con/itution ( x4 ,!re is1 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 a t5d5cy 9 virtue & vice to produce ! good & bad effects n[ m5tion$1 9 a great] degree ?an !y d 9 fact produce !m4 ,= in/ance2 good & bad m5 w\ld be mu* m rew>d$ & puni%$ z su*1 7 x n1 t ju/ice is (t5 artificially elud$1#gf t *>act]s are n kn[n1 & _m1 :o w\ld ?us favor virtue & disc\rage vice1 are h9d]$ f do+ s1 by accid5tal causes4 ,^! t5d5cies ( virtue & vice are obvi\s ) reg>d to individuals4 ,b x may require m p>ticul>ly to be consid]$1 t p[] 9 a society1 by be+ "u ! direction ( virtue1 naturally increases1 & has a necess>y t5d5cy to prevail ov] opposite p[]1 n "u ! direction ( x2 9 l mann]1 z p[]1 by be+ "u ! direction ( reason1 increases1 & has a t5d5cy to prevail ov] brute =ce4 ,!re are sev]al brute creatures ( equal1 & sev]al ( sup]ior /r5g?1 to t ( m52 & possibly ! sum ( ! :ole /r5g? ( brutes may be great] ?an t ( mank9d2 b reason gives u ! advantage & sup]iority ov] !m2 & ?us man is ! ackn[l$g$ gov]n+ animal ^u ! e>?4 ,nor is ?is sup]iority consid]$ by any z accid5tal2 b z :at reason has a t5d5cy1 9 ! nature ( ! ?+1 to obta94 ,& yet p]haps difficulties may be rais$ ab\t ! mean+1 z well z ! tru?1 ( ! ass]tion1 t virtue has ! l t5d5cy4 ,to obviate ^! difficulties1 let u see m di/9ctly1 h[ ! case /&s ) reg>d to reason2 :i* is s readily ackn[l$g$ to h ?is advantage\s t5d5cy4 ,suppose !n two or ?ree m51 ( ! be/ & mo/ improv$ und]/&+1 9 a desolate op5 pla91 attack$ by t5 times ! numb] ( bea/s ( prey3 w\ld _! reason secure !m ! victory 9 ?is unequal combat8 ,p[] !n1 ?\gh jo9$ ) reason1 & "u its direction1 _c be expect$ to prevail ov] opposite p[]1 ?\gh m]ely brutal1 unless ! "o be>s "s proportion to ! o!r4 ,aga93 put ! imag9>y case1 t rational & irrational creatures 7 ( l ext]nal %ape & mann]3 x is c]ta91 be=e !re 7 opportunities = ! fir/ to di/+ui% ea* o!r1 to sep>ate f _! adv]s>ies1 & to =m a union among !mselves1 !y might be ^u a level1 or 9 sev]al respects ^u great disadvantage2 ?\gh unit$ !y might be va/ly sup]ior3 s9ce union is ( su* efficacy1 t t5 m5 unit$1 might be able to accompli%1 :at t5 ?\s& ( ! same natural /r5g? & und]/&+ :olly ununit$1 c\ld n4 ,9 ?is case1 brute =ce might m ?an ma9ta9 its gr\nd aga9/ reason1 = want ( union among ! rational creatures4 ,or suppose a numb] ( m5 to l& ^u an isl& inhabit$ only by wild bea/s2 m5 :o1 by ! regulations ( civil gov]nm5t1 ! inv5tions ( art1 & ! exp]i5ce ( "s ye>s1 c\ld !y be pres]v$ s long1 w\ld be really suffici5t to subdue ! wild bea/s1 & to pres]ve !mselves 9 security f !m3 yet a conjuncture ( accid5ts might give su* advantage to ! irrational animals z !y might at once ov]p[]1 & ev5 extirpate1 ! rational ones4 ,l5g? ( "t !n1 prop] scope1 & opportunities = reason to ex]t itself1 may be absolutely necess>y to its prevail+ ov] brute =ce4 ,fur!r3 !re are _m in/ances ( brutes succe$+ 9 attempts1 :i* !y c\ld n h und]tak51 _h n _! irrational nature r5d]$ !m incapable ( =esee+ ! dang] ( su* attempt1 or ! fury ( passion h9d]$ _! att5d+ to x3 & !re are in/ances ( reason & real prud5ce prev5t+ m5's und]tak+ :at1 x has appe>$ aft]w>ds1 !y might h succe$$ 9 by a lucky ra%ness4 ,9 c]ta9 conjunctures1 ignorance & folly1 weakness & discord1 may h _! advantages4 ,s t rational animals h n necess>ily ! sup]iority ov] irrational ones2 b1 h[ improbable soev] x may be1 x is evid5tly possible1 t 9 "s globes ! latt] may be sup]ior4 ,& 7 ! =m] :olly at v>iance & disunit$1 by false self-int]e/ & envy1 by trea*]y & inju/ice1 & consequ5t rage & malice aga9/ ea* o!r1 :il/ ! latt] 7 firmly unit$ among !mselves by in/9ct1 ?is might greatly contribute to ! introduc+ su* an inv]t$ ord] ( ?+s4 ,= e "o w\ld consid] x z inv]t$3 s9ce reason has1 9 ! nature ( x1 a t5d5cy to prevail ov] brute =ce2 not)/&+ ! possibility x may n prevail1 & ! necessity1 :i* !re is1 ( _m concurr+ circum/ances to r5d] x preval5t4 ,n[ ,i say1 virtue 9 a society has a l t5d5cy to procure sup]iority & additional p[]3 :e!r ?is p[] be consid]$ z ! means ( security f opposite p[]1 or ( obta9+ o!r advantages4 ,x has ?is t5d5cy1 by r5d]+ public good1 an object & end1 to e memb] ( ! society2 by putt+ e "o ^u consid]ation & dilig5ce1 recollection & self-gov]nm5t1 bo? 9 ord] to see :at is ! mo/ effectual me?od1 & also 9 ord] to p]=m _! prop] "p1 = obta9+ & pres]v+ x2 by unit+ a society )9 itself1 & s increas+ its /r5g?2 &1 :i* is p>ticul>ly to be m5tion$1 unit+ x by means ( v]acity & ju/ice4 ,= z ^! la/ are pr9cipal bonds ( union1 s b5evol5ce or public _s1 undirect$1 unre/ra9$ by !m1 is1 nobody kn[s :at4 ,& suppose ! invisible _w1 & ! invisible disp5sations ( ,provid5ce1 to be1 9 any sort1 analog\s to :at appe>s3 or t bo? toge!r make up "o uni=m s*eme1 ! two p>ts ( :i*1 ! "p :i* we see1 & t :i* is beyond our obs]vation1 are analog\s to ea* o!r3 !n1 !re mu/ be a l natural t5d5cy 9 ! d]iv$ p[]1 ?r\gh\t ! univ]se1 "u ! direction ( virtue1 to prevail 9 g5]al ov] t :i* is n "u its direction2 z !re is 9 reason1 d]iv$ reason 9 ! univ]se1 to prevail ov] brute =ce4 ,b !n1 9 ord] to ! preval5ce ( virtue1 or t x may actually produce1 :at x has a t5d5cy to produce2 ! l concurr5ces are necess>y1 z are1 to ! preval5ce ( reason4 ,!re mu/ be "s proportion1 betwe5 ! natural p[] or =ce :i* is1 & t :i* is n1 "u ! direction ( virtue3 !re mu/ be suffici5t l5g? ( "t2 = ! complete success ( virtue1 z ( reason1 _c1 f ! nature ( ! ?+1 be o!rwise ?an gradual3 !re mu/ be1 z "o may speak1 a fair field ( trial1 a /age l>ge & ext5sive en\gh1 prop] occasions & opportunities1 = ! virtu\s to jo9 toge!r1 to ex]t !mselves aga9/ lawless =ce1 & to reap ! fruit ( _! unit$ labors4 ,n[ inde$ x is to be hop$1 t ! disproportion betwe5 ! good & bad1 ev5 "h on e>?1 is n s great1 b t ! =m] h natural p[] suffici5t to _! prevail+ to a consid]able degree1 if circum/ances w\ld p]mit ?is p[] to be unit$4 ,=1 mu* less1 v mu* less1 p[] "u ! direction ( virtue1 w\ld prevail ov] mu* great] n "u ! direction ( x4#gg ,h[ev]1 good m5 ov] ! face ( ! e>? _c unite2 because1 7among o!r reasons17 !y _c be suffici5tly asc]ta9$ ( ea* o!r's *>act]s4 ,& ! kn[n c\rse ( human ?+s1 ! sc5e we are n[ pass+ ?r\gh1 p>ticul>ly ! %ortness ( life1 d5ies to virtue its full scope 9 sev]al o!r respects4 ,! natural t5d5cy :i* we h be5 consid]+1 ?\gh real1 is h9d]$ f be+ c>ri$ into effect 9 ! pres5t /ate3 b ^! h9d]ances may be remov$ 9 a future "o4 ,virtue1 to borr[ ! ,*ri/ian allusion1 is militant "h2 & v>i\s unt[>d accid5ts contribute to its be+ (t5 ov]borne3 b x may combat ) great] advantage h]eaft]1 & prevail completely1 & enjoy its consequ5t rew>ds1 9 "s future /ates4 ,neglect$ z x is1 p]haps unkn[n1 p]haps despis$ & oppress$ "h2 !re maybe sc5es 9 et]nity1 la/+ en\gh1 & 9 e o!r way adapt$1 to af=d x a suffici5t sph]e ( action2 & a suffici5t sph]e = ! natural consequ5ces ( x to foll[ 9 fact4 ,if ! s\l be naturally immortal1 & ?is /ate be a progress t[>ds a future "o1 z *ildhood is t[>ds mature age1 good m5 may naturally unite1 n only among !mselves1 b also ) o!r ord]s ( virtu\s creatures1 9 t future /ate4 ,= virtue1 f ! v nature ( x1 is a pr9ciple & bond ( union1 9 "s degree1 among all :o are endu$ ) x1 & kn[n to ea* o!r2 s z t by x1 a good man _c b recomm5d himself to ! favor & protection ( all virtu\s be+s1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole univ]se1 :o c be acqua9t$ ) 8 "*1 & c any way int]pose 9 8 behalf 9 any "p ( 8 duration4 ,"o might add1 t suppose all ?is advantage\s t5d5cy ( virtue to become effect1 among "o or m ord]s ( creatures1 9 any di/ant sc5es & p]iods1 & to be se5 by any ord]s ( vici\s creatures1 ?r\gh\t ! univ]sal k+dom ( ,god2 ?is happy effect ( virtue w\ld h a t5d5cy1 by way ( example1 & possibly 9 o!r ways1 to am5d ^? ( !m :o are capable ( am5dm5t1 & ( be+ recov]$ to a j s5se ( virtue4 ,if our notions ( ! plan ( ,provid5ce 7 enl>g$ 9 any sort proportionable to :at late discov]ies h enl>g$ our views ) respect to ! mat]ial _w1 repres5tations ( ?is k9d w\ld n appe> absurd or extravagant4 ,!y are n to be tak5 z int5d$ = a lit]al del9eation ( :at is 9 fact ! p>ticul> s*eme ( ! univ]se1 :i* _c be kn[n )\t revelation3 = suppositions are n to be look$ on z true1 because n incr$ible3 b !y are m5tion$ to %[1 t our f9d+ virtue to be h9d]$ f procur+ to itself su* sup]iority & advantages1 is no objection aga9/ its hav+1 9 ! ess5tial nature ( ! ?+1 a t5d5cy to procure !m4 ,& ! suppositions n[ m5tion$ d pla9ly %[ ?is3 = !y %[1 t ^! h9d]ances are s f> f be+ necess>y1 t we ourselves c easily conceive1 h[ !y may be remov$ 9 future /ates1 & full scope be grant$ to virtue4 ,& all ^! advantage\s t5d5cies ( x are to be consid]$ z decl>ations ( ,god 9 its favor4 ,?is h[ev] is tak+ a pretty l>ge compass3 ?\gh x is c]ta91 t1 z ! mat]ial _w appe>s to be1 9 a mann]1 b\ndless & imm5se1 !re mu/ be "s s*eme ( ,provid5ce va/ 9 proportion to x4 ,b let u return to ! e>? our habitation2 & we %all see ?is happy t5d5cy ( virtue1 by imag9+ an in/ance n s va/ & remote3 by suppos+ a k+dom or society ( m5 ^u x1 p]fectly virtu\s1 = a succession ( _m ages2 to :i*1 if y please1 may be giv5 a situation advantage\s = univ]sal mon>*y4 ,9 su* a /ate1 !re w\ld be no su* ?+ z faction3 b m5 ( ! greate/ capacity w\ld ( c\rse1 all along1 h ! *ief direction ( affairs will+ly yield$ to !m2 & !y w\ld %>e x among !mselves )\t envy4 ,ea* ( ^! w\ld h ! "p assign$ him1 to :i* 8 g5ius 0 peculi>ly adapt$2 & o!rs1 :o _h n any di/+ui%$ g5ius1 w\ld be safe1 & ?9k !mselves v happy1 by be+ "u ! protection & guidance ( ^? :o _h4 ,public det]m9ations w\ld really be ! result ( ! unit$ wisdom ( ! community3 & !y w\ld fai?fully be execut$1 by ! unit$ /r5g? ( x4 ,"s w\ld contribute 9 a high] way1 b all 9 "s way1 to ! public prosp]ity3 & 9 x1 ea* w\ld enjoy ! fruits ( 8 own virtue4 ,& z inju/ice1 :e!r by fraud or =ce1 w\ld be unkn[n among !mselves1 s !y w\ld be suffici5tly secur$ f x 9 _! neighbors4 ,= cunn+ & false self-int]e/1 conf$]acies 9 inju/ice1 ev] slight1 & accompani$ ) faction & inte/9e trea*]y2 ^! on "o h& w\ld be f\nd m]e *ildi% folly & weakness1 :5 set 9 opposition aga9/ wisdom1 public _s1 union inviolable1 & fidelity on ! o!r3 all[+ bo? a suffici5t l5g? ( ye>s to try _! =ce4 ,add ! g5]al influ5ce1 :i* su* a k+dom w\ld h ov] ! face ( ! e>?1 by way ( example p>ticul>ly1 & ! rev]5ce :i* w\ld be paid x4 ,x w\ld pla9ly be sup]ior to all o!rs1 & ! _w mu/ gradually come "u its empire2 n by means ( lawless viol5ce2 b p>tly by :at mu/ be all[$ to be j conque/2 & p>tly by o!r k+doms submitt+ !mselves volunt>ily to x1 ?r\gh\t a c\rse ( ages1 & claim+ its protection1 "o aft] ano!r1 9 successive exig5cies4 ,! head ( x w\ld be a univ]sal mon>*1 9 ano!r s5se ?an any mortal has yet be52 & ! ,ea/]n /yle w\ld be lit]ally applicable to him1 t all p1 nations1 & languages %\ld s]ve him4 ,& ?\gh inde$ our k ( human nature1 & ! :ole hi/ory ( mank9d1 %[ ! impossibility1 )\t "s miracul\s int]position1 t a numb] ( m51 "h on e>?1 %\ld unite 9 "o society or gov]nm5t1 9 ! fe> ( ,god & univ]sal practice ( virtue2 & t su* a gov]nm5t %\ld cont9ue s unit$ = a succession ( ages3 yet admitt+ or suppos+ ?is1 ! effect w\ld be z n[ drawn out4 ,?us = in/ance1 ! wond]ful p[] & prosp]ity promis$ to ! ,jewi% nation 9 ! ,scripture1 w\ld be1 9 a great measure1 ! consequ5ce ( :at is pr$ict$ ( !m2 t ! p %\ld be all righte\s1 & inh]it ! l& =ev]2#gh 7 we to und]/& ! latt] phrase ( a long cont9uance only1 suffici5t to give ?+s "t to "w4 ,! pr$ictions ( ?is k9d1 = !re are _m ( !m1 _c come to pass1 9 ! pres5t kn[n c\rse ( nature2 b suppose !m come to pass1 & !n1 ! dom9ion & prem95ce promis$ mu/ naturally foll[1 to a v consid]able degree4 ,consid] n[ ! g5]al sy/em ( religion2 t ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w is uni=m1 & "o1 & moral2 t virtue & "r %all f9ally h ! advantage1 & prevail ov] fraud & lawless =ce1 ov] ! deceits z well z ! viol5ce ( wick$ness1 "u ! conduct ( "o supreme gov]nor3 & f ! obs]vations above made1 x w appe> t ,god has1 by our reason1 giv5 u to see a peculi> connection 9 ! sev]al p>ts ( ?is s*eme1 & a t5d5cy t[>ds ! completion ( x1 aris+ out ( ! v nature ( virtue3 :i* t5d5cy is to be consid]$ z some?+ moral 9 ! ess5tial con/itution ( ?+s4 ,if any "o %\ld ?9k all ?is to be ( little importance1 ,i desire him to consid]1 :at he w\ld ?9k1 if vice _h1 ess5tially & 9 its nature1 ^! advantage\s t5d5cies2 or if virtue _h ess5tially ! contr>y ones4 ,x may be object$1 t not)/&+ all ^! natural effects & natural t5d5cies ( virtue1 yet ?+s may be n[ go+ on ?r\gh\t ! univ]se1 & may g on h]eaft]1 9 ! same mix$ way z "h at pres5t ^u e>?3 virtue sometimes prosp]\s1 sometimes depress$2 vice sometimes puni%$1 sometimes successful4 ,! answ] to :i* is1 t x is n ! purpose ( ?is *apt]1 nor ( ?is treatise1 prop]ly to prove ,god's p]fect moral gov]nm5t ov] ! _w1 or ! tru? ( religion2 b to obs]ve :at !re is 9 ! con/itution & c\rse ( nature1 to confirm ! prop] pro( ( x1 suppos$ to be kn[n3 & t ! weight ( ! =ego+ obs]vations to ?is purpose may be ?us di/9ctly prov$4 ,pleasure & pa9 are1 to a c]ta9 degree1 say to a v high degree1 di/ribut$ among u )\t any app>5t reg>d to ! m]it or dem]it ( *>act]s4 ,& 7 !re no?+ else conc]n+ ?is matt] disc]nible 9 ! con/itution & c\rse ( nature1 !re w\ld be no gr\nd f ! con/itution & c\rse ( nature1 to hope or to fe> t m5 w\ld be rew>d$ or puni%$ h]eaft] accord+ to _! des]ts3 :i*1 h[ev]1 x is to be rem>k$1 implies1 t ev5 !n !re w\ld be no gr\nd f appe>ances to ?9k1 t vice ^u ! :ole w\ld h ! advantage1 r ?an t virtue w\ld4 ,?us ! pro( ( a future /ate ( retribution w\ld re/ ^u ! usual kn[n argum5ts = x2 :i* are ,i ?9k pla9ly unansw]able2 & w\ld be s1 ?\gh !re 7 no additional confirmation ( !m f ! ?+s above insi/$ on4 ,b ^! ?+s are a v /rong confirmation ( !m4 ,=1 ,fir/1 ,!y %[ t ! ,au?or ( nature is n indiff]5t to virtue & vice4 ,!y am\nt to a decl>ation1 f him1 det]m9ate & n to be evad$1 9 favor ( "o1 & aga9/ ! o!r2 su* a decl>ation1 z !re is no?+ to be set ov] aga9/ or answ]1 on ! "p ( vice4 ,s t 7 a man1 lay+ aside ! prop] pro( ( religion1 to det]m9e f ! c\rse ( nature only1 :e!r x 7 mo/ probable1 t ! righte\s or ! wick$ w\ld h ! advantage 9 a future life2 !re c be no d\bt1 b t he w\ld det]m9e ! probability to be1 t ! =m] w\ld4 ,! c\rse ( nature !n1 9 ! view ( x n[ giv51 furni%es u ) a real practical pro( ( ! obligations ( religion4 ,secondly1 ,:51 con=mably to :at religion tea*es u1 ,god %all rew>d & puni% virtue & vice z su*1 s z t e "o %all1 ^u ! :ole1 h 8 des]ts2 ?is di/ributive ju/ice w n be a ?+ diff]5t 9 k9d1 b only 9 degree1 f :at we exp]i5ce 9 8 pres5t gov]nm5t4 ,x w be t 9 effect1 t[>ds :i* we n[ see a t5d5cy4 ,x w be no m ?an ! completion ( t moral gov]nm5t1 ! pr9ciples & beg9n+ ( :i* h be5 %[n1 beyond all dispute1 disc]nible 9 ! pres5t con/itution & c\rse ( nature4 ,?irdly1 ,z "u ! natural gov]nm5t ( ,god1 our exp]i5ce ( ^? k9ds & degrees ( happ9ess & mis]y1 :i* we d exp]i5ce at pres5t1 gives j gr\nd to hope =1 & to fe>1 high] degrees & o!r k9ds ( bo? 9 a future /ate1 suppos+ a future /ate admitt$3 s "u 8 moral gov]nm5t our exp]i5ce1 t virtue & vice are1 9 ! mann]s above m5tion$1 actually rew>d$ & puni%$ at pres5t1 9 a c]ta9 degree1 gives j gr\nd to hope & to fe>1 t !y may be rew>d$ & puni%$ 9 a high] degree h]eaft]4 ,x is ackn[l$g$ inde$ t ?is alone is n suffici5t gr\nd to ?9k1 t !y actually w be rew>d$ & puni%$ 9 a high] degree1 r ?an 9 a l[]3 b !n1 ,la/ly1 ,!re is suffici5t gr\nd to ?9k s1 f ! good & bad t5d5cies ( virtue & vice4 ,= ^! t5d5cies are ess5tial1 & f\nd$ 9 ! nature ( ?+s3 :]eas ! h9d]ances to _! becom+ effect are1 9 numb]less cases1 n necess>y1 b artificial only4 ,n[ x may be mu* m /rongly argu$1 t ^! t5d5cies1 z well z ! actual rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 ( virtue & vice1 :i* arise directly out ( ! nature ( ?+s1 w rema9 h]eaft]1 ?an t ! accid5tal h9d]ances ( !m w4 ,& if ^! h9d]ances d n rema92 ^? rew>ds & puni%m5ts _c b be c>ri$ on mu* f>!r t[>ds ! p]fection ( moral gov]nm5t3 i4e4 ! t5d5cies ( virtue & vice w become effect2 b :51 or :]e1 or 9 :at p>ticul> way1 _c be kn[n at all1 b by revelation4 ,^u ! :ole3 !re is a k9d ( moral gov]nm5t impli$ 9 ,god's natural gov]nm5t3#gi virtue & vice are naturally rew>d$ & puni%$ z b5eficial & mis*iev\s to society2#hj & rew>d$ & puni%$ directly z virtue & vice4#ha ,! notion ( a moral s*eme ( gov]nm5t is n fictiti\s1 b natural2 = x is sugge/$ to our ?\ghts by ! con/itution & c\rse ( nature3 & ! execution ( ?is s*eme is actually begun1 9 ! in/ances "h m5tion$4 ,& ^! ?+s are to be consid]$ z a decl>ation ( ! ,au?or ( nature1 = virtue1 & aga9/ vice3 !y give a cr$ibility to ! supposition ( _! be+ rew>d$ & puni%$ h]eaft]2 & also gr\nd to hope & to fe>1 t !y may be rew>d$ & puni%$ 9 high] degrees ?an !y are "h4 ,all ?is is confirm$1 & ! argum5t = religion1 f ! con/itution & c\rse ( nature1 is c>ri$ on f>!r1 by obs]v+1 t !re are natural t5d5cies1 &1 9 innum]able cases1 only artificial h9d]ances1 to ?is moral s*eme's be+ c>ri$ on mu* f>!r t[>ds p]fection1 ?an x is at pres5t4#hb ,! notion !n ( a moral s*eme ( gov]nm5t1 mu* m p]fect ?an :at is se51 is n a fictiti\s1 b a natural notion2 = x is sugge/$ to our ?\ghts1 by ! ess5tial t5d5cies ( virtue & vice4 ,^! t5d5cies are to be consid]$ z intimations1 z implicit promises & ?reat5+s1 f ! ,au?or ( nature1 ( mu* great] rew>ds & puni%m5ts to foll[ virtue & vice1 ?an d at pres5t4 ,inde$1 e natural t5d5cy1 :i* is to cont9ue1 b :i* is h9d]$ f becom+ effect by only accid5tal causes1 af=ds a presumption1 t su* t5d5cy w1 "s "t or o!r1 become effect3 a presumption proportionable 9 degree to ! l5g? ( ! duration1 ?r\gh :i* su* t5d5cy w cont9ue4 ,f ^! ?+s toge!r1 arises a real presumption1 t ! moral s*eme ( gov]nm5t e/abli%$ 9 nature1 %all be c>ri$ on mu* f>!r t[>ds p]fection h]eaft]2 &1 ,i ?9k1 a presumption t x w be absolutely complet$4 ,f ^! ?+s1 jo9$ ) ! moral nature :i* ,god has giv5 u1 consid]$ z giv5 u by him1 arises a practical pro(#hc t x w be complet$3 a pro( f fact2 & !re=e a di/9ct "o f t :i* is d$uc$ f ! et]nal & unalt]able relations1 ! fitness & unfitness ( actions4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,probation1 ,,z ,,imply+ ,,trial1 ,,difficulties1 ,,& ,,dang]4#hd ,! g5]al doctr9e ( religion1 t our pres5t life is a /ate ( probation = a future "o1 compreh5ds "u x sev]al p>ticul> ?+s1 di/9ct f ea* o!r4 ,! fir/ & mo/ common mean+ ( x seems to be1 t our future int]e/ is n[ dep5d+1 & dep5d+ ^u ourselves2 t we h scope & opportunities "h1 = t good & bad behavior1 :i* ,god w rew>d & puni% h]eaft]2 toge!r ) temptations to "o1 z well z inducem5ts ( reason to ! o!r4 ,& ?is1 9 a great measure1 is ! same z say+1 t we are "u ! moral gov]nm5t ( ,god1 & to give an acc\nt ( our actions to him4 ,= ! notion ( a future acc\nt & g5]al righte\s judgm5t1 implies "s sort ( temptations to :at is wrong3 o!rwise !re w\ld be no moral possibility ( do+ wrong1 nor gr\nd = judgm5t1 or discrim9ation4 ,b !re is ?is diff]5ce1 t ! ^w probation is m di/9ctly & p>ticul>ly expressive ( allurem5ts to wrong1 or difficulties 9 adh]+ uni=mly to :at is "r1 & ( ! dang] ( misc>ry+ by su* temptations1 ?an ! words moral gov]nm5t4 ,a /ate ( probation !n1 z ?us p>ticul>ly imply+ 9 x trial1 difficulties1 & dang]1 may require to be consid]$ di/9ctly by itself4#he ,z ! moral gov]nm5t ( ,god1 :i* religion tea*es u1 implies t we are 9 a /ate ( trial ) reg>d to a future _w1 s also 8 natural gov]nm5t ov] u implies t we are 9 a /ate ( trial1 9 ! l s5se1 ) reg>d to ! pres5t _w4 ,natural gov]nm5t by rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 z mu* implies natural trial1 z moral gov]nm5t does moral trial4 ,! natural gov]nm5t ( ,god "h meant1#hf consi/s 9 8 annex+ pleasure to "s actions1 & pa9 to o!rs1 :i* are 9 our p[] to d or =be>1 & giv+ u notice ( su* appo9tm5t1 be=eh&4 ,?is necess>ily implies1 t he has made our happ9ess & mis]y1 or our int]e/1 to dep5d 9 "p ^u ourselves4 ,s f> z m5 h temptations to any c\rse ( action1 :i* w probably occasion !m great] temporal inconv5i5ce & uneas9ess1 ?an satisfaction1 s f> _! temporal int]e/ is 9 dang] f !mselves2 or !y are 9 a /ate ( trial ) respect to x4 ,n[ p (t5 blame o!rs1 & ev5 !mselves1 = _! misconduct 9 _! temporal conc]ns4 ,& we f9d _m are greatly want+ to !mselves1 & miss t natural happ9ess1 :i* !y might h obta9$ 9 ! pres5t life3 p]haps e "o does 9 "s degree4 ,b _m run !mselves into great inconv5i5ce1 & into extreme di/ress & mis]y1 n ?r\gh incapacity ( kn[+ bett]1 & do+ bett]1 = !mselves1 :i* w\ld be no?+ to ! pres5t purpose1 b ?r\gh _! own fault4 ,^! ?+s necess>ily imply temptation1 & dang] ( misc>ry+1 9 a great] or less degree1 ) respect to our worldly int]e/ or happ9ess4 ,e "o too1 )\t hav+ religion 9 8 ?\ghts1 speaks ( ! haz>ds :i* "y p run1 ^u _! sett+ out 9 ! _w3 haz>ds f o!r causes1 ?an m]ely _! ignorance1 & unavoidable accid5ts4 ,& "s c\rses ( vice1 at lea/1 be+ contr>y to m5's worldly int]e/ or good2 temptations to ^! mu/ at ! same "t be temptations to =ego our pres5t & our future int]e/4 ,?us 9 our natural or temporal capacity1 we are 9 a /ate ( trial1 i4e4 ( difficulty & dang]1 analog\s1 or l to our moral & religi\s trial4 ,?is w m di/9ctly appe> to any "o1 :o ?9ks x wor? :ile1 m di/9ctly1 to consid]1 :at x is :i* con/itutes our trial 9 bo? capacities1 & to obs]ve1 h[ mank9d behave "u x4 ,t :i* con/itutes ?is trial1 9 bo? ^! capacities1 mu/ be some?+ ei!r 9 our ext]nal circum/ances1 or 9 our nature4 ,=1 on ! "o h&1 p]sons may be betray$ into wrong behavior ^u surprise1 or ov]come ^u any o!r v s+ul> & extraord9>y ext]nal occasions1 :o w\ld1 o!rwise1 h pres]v$ _! "* ( prud5ce & ( virtue3 9 :i* cases1 e "o1 9 speak+ ( ! wrong behavior ( ^! p]sons1 w\ld impute x to su* p>ticul> ext]nal circum/ances4 ,on ! o!r h&1 m5 :o h contract$ habits ( vice & folly ( any k9d1 or h "s p>ticul> passions 9 excess1 w seek opportunities1 &1 z x 71 g out ( _! way1 to gratify !mselves 9 ^! respects1 at ! exp5se ( _! wisdom & _! virtue2 l$ to x1 z e "o w\ld say1 n by ext]nal temptations1 b by su* habits & passions4 ,& ! acc\nt ( ?is la/ case is1 t p>ticul> passions are no m co9cid5t ) prud5ce1 or t reasonable self-love1 ! end ( :i* is our worldly int]e/1 ?an !y are ) ! pr9ciple ( virtue & religion2 b (t5 draw contr>y ways to "o1 z well z to ! o!r3 & s su* p>ticul> passions are z mu* temptations1 to act imprud5tly ) reg>d to our worldly int]e/1 z to act vici\sly4#hg ,:5 we say1 m5 are misl$ by ext]nal circum/ances ( temptation2 x _c b be und]/ood1 t !re is some:at )9 !mselves1 to r5d] ^? circum/ances temptations1 or to r5d] !m susceptible ( impressions f !m4 ,s :5 we say1 !y are misl$ by passions2 x is always suppos$1 t !re are occasions1 circum/ances1 & objects1 excit+ ^! passions1 & af=d+ means = gratify+ !m4 ,!re=e1 temptations f )91 & f )\t1 co9cide1 & mutually imply ea* o!r4 ,! sev]al ext]nal objects ( ! appetites1 passions1 & affections1 be+ pres5t to ! s5ses1 or (f]+ !mselves to ! m9d1 & s excit+ emotions suitable to _! nature2 n only 9 cases :]e !y c be gratifi$ consi/5tly ) innoc5ce & prud5ce1 b also 9 cases :]e !y _c1 & yet c be gratifi$ imprud5tly & vici\sly3 ?is z really puts !m 9 dang] ( volunt>ily =ego+ _! pres5t int]e/ or good1 z _! future2 & z really r5d]s self-d5ial necess>y to secure "o1 z ! o!r3 i4e4 we are 9 a l /ate ( trial ) respect to bo?1 by ! v same passions1 excit$ by ! v same means4 ,?us mank9d hav+ a temporal int]e/ dep5d+ ^u !mselves1 & a prud5t c\rse ( behavior be+ necess>y to secure x1 passions inord9ately excit$1 :e!r by means ( example1 or by any o!r ext]nal circum/ance1 t[>ds su* objects1 at su* times1 or 9 su* degrees1 z t !y _c be gratifi$ consi/5tly ) worldly prud5ce1 are temptations2 dang]\s1 & too (t5 successful temptations1 to =ego a great] temporal good = a less2 i4e4 to =ego :at is1 ^u ! :ole1 our temporal int]e/1 = ! sake ( a pres5t gratification4 ,?is is a description ( our /ate ( trial 9 our temporal capacity4 ,sub/itute n[ ! ^w future = temporal1 & virtue = prud5ce2 & x w be j z prop] a description ( our /ate ( trial 9 our religi\s capacity2 s analog\s are !y to ea* o!r4#hh ,if1 f consid]ation ( ?is our l /ate ( trial 9 bo? capacities1 we g on to obs]ve f>!r1 h[ mank9d behave "u x2 we %all f9d !re are "s1 :o h s little s5se ( x1 t !y sc>ce look beyond ! pass+ day3 !y are s tak5 up ) pres5t gratifications1 z to h1 9 a mann]1 no feel+ ( consequ5ces1 no reg>d to _! future ease or =tune 9 ?is life3 any m ?an to _! happ9ess 9 ano!r4 ,"s appe> to be bl9d$ & deceiv$ by inord9ate passion1 9 _! worldly conc]ns1 z mu* z 9 religion4 ,o!rs are n deceiv$1 b z x 7 =cibly c>ri$ away by ! l passions1 aga9/ _! bett] judgm5t1 & feeble resolutions too ( act+ bett]4#hi ,& !re are m51 & truly n a few1 :o %amelessly av[1 n _! int]e/1 b _! m]e w & pleasure1 to be _! law ( life3 & :o1 9 op5 defiance ( e ?+ reasonable1 w g on 9 a c\rse ( vici\s extravagance1 =esee+1 ) no remorse & little fe>1 t x w be _! temporal ru92 & "s ( !m1 "u ! appreh5sion ( ! consequ5ces ( wick$ness 9 ano!r /ate4 ,to speak 9 ! mo/ mod]ate way1 human creatures are n only cont9ually liable to g wrong volunt>ily1 b we see likewise t !y (t5 actually d s1 ) respect to _! temporal int]e/s1 z well z ) respect to religion4 ,?us our difficulties & dang]s1 or our trials 9 our temporal & our religi\s capacity1 z !y proce$ f ! same causes1 & h ! same effect ^u m5's behavior1 are evid5tly analog\s1 & ( ! same k9d4 ,x may be add$1 t ! difficulties & dang]s ( misc>ry+ 9 our religi\s /ate ( trial1 are greatly increas$1 & "o is ready to ?9k1 are 9 a mann] :olly made1 by ! ill behavior ( o!rs2 by a wrong education1 wrong 9 a moral s5se1 sometimes positively vici\s2 by g5]al bad example2 by ! di%one/ artifices :i* are got into bus9ess ( all k9ds2 &1 9 v _m p>ts ( ! _w1 by religion's be+ corrupt$ into sup]/itions1 :i* indulge m5 9 _! vices4 ,9 l mann]1 ! difficulties ( conduct+ ourselves prud5tly 9 respect to our pres5t int]e/1 & our dang] ( be+ l$ aside f pursu+ x1 are greatly increas$1 by a fooli% education2 &1 aft] we come to mature age1 by ! extravagance & c>elessness ( o!rs1 ) :om we h int]c\rse3 & by mi/ak5 notions1 v g5]ally preval5t1 & tak5 up f common op9ion1 conc]n+ temporal happ9ess1 & :]e9 x consi/s4 ,p]sons1 by _! own neglig5ce & folly 9 temporal affairs1 no less ?an by a c\rse ( vice1 br+ !mselves into new difficulties1 &1 by habits ( indulg5ce1 become less qualifi$ to g ?r\gh !m3 & "o irregul>ity aft] ano!r1 emb>rasses ?+s to su* a degree1 t !y "k n :]eab\t !y are2 & (t5 makes ! pa? ( conduct s intricate & p]plex$1 t x is difficult to trace x out2 difficult ev5 to det]m9e :at is ! prud5t or ! moral "p4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 wrong behavior 9 "o /age ( life1 y\?2 wrong1 ,i mean consid]+ ourselves only 9 our temporal capacity1 )\t tak+ 9 religion2 ?is1 9 sev]al ways1 increases ! difficulties ( "r behavior 9 mature age2 i4e4 puts u into a m disadvantage\s /ate ( trial 9 our temporal capacity4 ,we are an inf]ior "p ( ! creation ( ,god4 ,!re are natural appe>ances ( our be+ 9 a /ate ( degradation4#ij ,we c]ta9ly are 9 a condition1 :i* does n seem1 by any means1 ! mo/ advantage\s we c\ld imag9e or desire1 ei!r 9 our natural or moral capacity1 = secur+ ei!r our pres5t or future int]e/4 ,h[ev]1 ?is condition1 l[1 & c>eful1 & unc]ta9 z x is1 does n af=d any j gr\nd ( compla9t4 ,=1 z m5 may manage _! temporal affairs ) prud5ce1 & s pass _! days "h on e>? 9 tol]able ease & satisfaction1 by a mod]ate degree ( c>e3 s likewise ) reg>d to religion1 !re is no m requir$ ?an :at !y are well able to d1#ia & :at !y mu/ be greatly want+ to !mselves1 if !y neglect4 ,& = p]sons to h t put ^u !m1 :i* !y are well able to g ?r\gh1 & no m1 we naturally consid] z an equitable ?+2 suppos+ x done by prop] au?ority4 ,nor h we any m reason to compla9 ( x1 ) reg>d to ! ,au?or ( nature1 ?an ( 8 n hav+ giv5 u advantages belong+ to o!r ord]s ( creatures4 ,,rem>ks4 ,! ?+ "h insi/$ ^u is1 t ! /ate ( trial1 :i* religion tea*es u we are 91 is r5d]$ cr$ible1 by its be+ ?r\gh\t uni=m & ( a piece ) ! g5]al conduct ( ,provid5ce t[>ds u1 9 all o!r respects )9 ! compass ( our k4 ,inde$ if mank9d1 consid]$ 9 _! natural capacity1 z inhabitants ( ?is _w only1 f\nd !mselves1 f _! bir? to _! dea?1 9 a settl$ /ate ( security & happ9ess1 )\t any solicitude or ?\ght ( _! own3 or if !y 7 9 no dang] ( be+ br\ght into inconv5i5ces & di/ress1 by c>elessness1 or ! folly ( passion1 ?r\gh bad example1 ! trea*]y ( o!rs1 or ! deceitful appe>ances ( ?+s3 7 ?is our natural condition1 !n x might seem /range1 & be "s presumption aga9/ ! tru? ( religion1 t x repres5ts our future & m g5]al int]e/1 z n secure ( c\rse1 b z dep5d+ ^u our behavior1 & requir+ recollection & self-gov]nm5t to obta9 x4 ,x !n might be alleg$1 8,:at y say is our condition1 9 "o respect1 is n 9 any wise ( a sort ) :at we f9d1 by exp]i5ce1 is our condition 9 ano!r4 ,our :ole pres5t int]e/ is secur$ to our h&s1 )\t any solicitude ( ours2 & :y %\ld n our future int]e/1 if we h any su*1 be s too80 ,b s9ce1 on ! contr>y1 ?\ght & consid]ation1 ! volunt>y d5y+ ourselves _m ?+s :i* we desire1 & a c\rse ( behavior1 f> f be+ always agreeable to u1 are absolutely necess>y to our act+ ev5 a common dec5t1 & common prud5t "p1 s z to pass ) any satisfaction ?r\gh ! pres5t _w1 & be receiv$ ^u any tol]able good t]ms 9 x3 s9ce ?is is ! case1 all presumption aga9/ self-d5ial & att5tion be+ necess>y to secure our high] int]e/1#ib is remov$4 ,_h we n exp]i5ce1 x might1 p]haps speci\sly1 be urg$1 t x is improbable any ?+ ( haz>d & dang] %\ld be put ^u u by an inf9ite be+2 :5 e ?+ :i* has haz>d & dang] 9 our mann] ( conception1 & w end 9 error1 confusion1 & mis]y1 is already c]ta9 9 8 =ekn[l$ge4 ,inde$1 :y any ?+ ( haz>d & dang] %\ld be put ^u su* frail creatures z we are1 may well be ?\ght a difficulty 9 speculation2 & _c b be s1 till we "k ! :ole1 or at lea/ mu* m ( ! case4 ,b /ill ! con/itution ( nature is z x is4 ,our happ9ess & mis]y are tru/$ to our conduct1 & made to dep5d ^u x4 ,some:at1 &1 9 _m circum/ances1 a great deal too1 is put ^u u1 ei!r to d1 or to suff]1 z we *oose4 ,all ! v>i\s mis]ies ( life1 :i* p br+ ^u !mselves by neglig5ce & folly1 & might h avoid$ by prop] c>e1 are in/ances ( ?is3 :i* mis]ies are1 be=eh&1 j z cont+5t & undet]m9$ z conduct1 & left to be det]m9$ by x4 ,^! obs]vations are an answ]#ic to ! objections aga9/ ! cr$ibility ( a /ate ( trial1 z imply+ temptations1 & real dang] ( misc>ry+ ) reg>d to our g5]al int]e/1 "u ! moral gov]nm5t ( ,god4 ,& !y %[1 t1 if we are at all to be consid]$ 9 su* a capacity1 & z hav+ su* an int]e/1 ! g5]al analogy ( ,provid5ce mu/ lead u to appreh5d ourselves 9 dang] ( misc>ry+1 9 diff]5t degrees1 z to ?is int]e/1 by our neglect+ to act ! prop] "p belong+ to u 9 t capacity4 ,= we h a pres5t int]e/ "u ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 :i* we exp]i5ce "h ^u e>?4 ,?is int]e/1 z x is n =c$ ^u u1 s nei!r is x (f]$ to our acceptance1 b to our acquisition2 & 9 su* mann]1 z t we are 9 dang] ( miss+ x1 by means ( temptations to neglect1 or act contr>y to x2 & )\t att5tion & self-d5ial1 we mu/ & d miss x4 ,x is !n p]fectly cr$ible1 t ?is may be our case1 ) respect to t *ief & f9al good1 :i* religion proposes to u4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,probation1 ,,z ,,int5d$ ,,= ,,moral ,,discipl9e ,,& ,,improvem5t4 ,f ! consid]ation ( our be+ 9 a probation-/ate1 ( s mu* difficulty & haz>d1 naturally arises ! "q1 h[ we came to be plac$ 9 x8 ,b su* a g5]al inquiry z ?is w\ld be f\nd involv$ 9 insup]able difficulties4 ,=1 ?\gh "s ( ^! difficulties w\ld be less5$1 by obs]v+ t all wick$ness is volunt>y1 z is impli$ 9 its v notion2 & t _m ( ! mis]ies ( life h app>5t good effects3 yet1 :5 we consid] o!r circum/ances belong+ to bo?1 & :at mu/ be ! consequ5ce ( ! =m] 9 a life to come1 x _c b be ackn[l$g$ pla9 folly & presumption1 to pret5d to give an acc\nt ( ! :ole reasons ( ?is matt]2 ! :ole reasons ( our be+ allott$ a condition1 out ( :i* s mu* wick$ness & mis]y1 s circum/anc$1 w\ld 9 fact arise4 ,:e!r x be n beyond our faculties1 n only to f9d out1 b ev5 to und]/&2 or1 ?\gh we %\ld be suppos$ capable ( und]/&+ x1 yet1 :e!r x w\ld be ( s]vice or prejudice to u to be in=m$ ( x1 is impossible to say4 ,b z our pres5t condition c 9 no wise be %[n to be inconsi/5t ) ! p]fect moral gov]nm5t ( ,god3 s religion tea*es u we 7 plac$ 9 x1 t we might qualify ourselves1 by ! practice ( virtue1 = ano!r /ate :i* is to foll[ x4 ,?is1 ?\gh b a p>tial answ]1 a v p>tial "o inde$1 to ! inquiry n[ m5tion$2 is yet a m satisfactory answ] to ano!r1 :i* is ( real1 & ( ! utmo/ importance to u to h answ]$1--viz43 ,:at is our bus9ess "h8 ,! kn[n end !n1 :y we are plac$ 9 a /ate ( s mu* affliction1 haz>d1 & difficulty1 is1 our improvem5t 9 virtue & piety1 z ! requisite qualification = a future /ate ( security & happ9ess4 ,! beg9n+ ( life1 consid]$ z an education = mature age 9 ! pres5t _w1 appe>s pla9ly1 at fir/ sight1 analog\s to ?is our trial = a future "o3 ! =m] be+ 9 our temporal capacity1 :at ! latt] is 9 our religi\s capacity4 ,"s obs]vations common to bo?1 & a m di/9ct consid]ation ( ea*1 w m di/9ctly %[ ! ext5t & =ce ( ! analogy betwe5 !m2 & ! cr$ibility1 :i* arises f h5ce1 z well z f ! nature ( ! ?+1 t ! pres5t life 0 int5d$ to be a /ate ( discipl9e = a future "o4 ,i4 ,e species ( creatures is1 we see1 design$ = a p>ticul> way ( life2 to :i*1 ! nature1 ! capacities1 temp]1 & qualifications1 ( ea* species1 are z necess>y z _! ext]nal circum/ances4 ,bo? come into ! notion ( su* /ate1 or p>ticul> way ( life1 & are con/itu5t p>ts ( x4 ,*ange a man's capacities or "*1 to ! degree 9 :i* x is conceivable !y may be *ang$1 & he w\ld be altoge!r incapable ( a human c\rse ( life1 & human happ9ess2 z incapable1 z if1 8 nature cont9u+ un*ang$1 he 7 plac$ 9 a _w1 :]e he _h no sph]e ( action1 nor any objects to answ] 8 appetites1 passions1 & affections ( any sort4 ,"o ?+ is set ov] aga9/ ano!r1 z an anci5t writ] expresses x4#id ,our nature corresponds to our ext]nal condition4 ,)\t ?is correspond5ce1 !re w\ld be no possibility ( any su* ?+ z human life & happ9ess3 :i* life & happ9ess are1 !re=e1 a result f our nature & condition jo9tly3 mean+ by human life1 n liv+ 9 ! lit]al s5se1 b ! :ole complex notion commonly und]/ood by ^? words4 ,s t )\t det]m9+ :at w be ! employm5t & happ9ess1 ! p>ticul> life1 ( good m5 h]eaft]2 !re mu/ be "s det]m9ate capacities1 "s necess>y "* & qualifications1 )\t :i* p]sons _c b be utt]ly incapable ( x3 9 l mann]1 z !re mu/ be "s1 )\t :i* m5 w\ld be incapable ( _! pres5t /ate ( life4 ,,ii4 ,! con/itution ( human creatures1 & inde$ ( all creatures :i* come "u our notice1 is su*1 z t !y are capable ( naturally becom+ qualifi$ = /ates ( life1 = :i* !y 7 once :olly unqualifi$4 ,9 imag9ation we may inde$ conceive ( creatures1 incapable ( hav+ any ( _! faculties naturally enl>g$1 or z be+ unable naturally to acquire any new qualifications4 ,b ! faculties ( e species kn[n to u1 are made = enl>gem5t2 = acquirem5ts ( exp]i5ce & habits4 ,we f9d ourselves1 9 p>ticul>1 endu$ ) capacities1 n only ( p]ceiv+ ideas1 & ( k or p]ceiv+ tru?1 b also ( /or+ up ideas & k by memory4 ,we are capable1 n only ( act+1 & ( hav+ diff]5t mom5t>y impressions made ^u u2 b ( gett+ a new facility 9 any k9d ( action1 & ( settl$ alt]ations 9 our temp] or "*4 ,! p[] ( ! two la/ is ! p[] ( habits4 ,b nei!r ! p]ception ( ideas1 nor k ( any sort1 are habits2 ?\gh absolutely necess>y to ! =m+ ( !m4 ,h[ev]1 appreh5sion1 reason1 memory1 :i* are ! capacities ( acquir+ k1 are greatly improv$ by ex]cise4 ,:e!r ! ^w habit is applicable to all ^! improvem5ts1 & 9 p>ticul> h[ f> ! p[]s ( memory & ( habits may be p[]s ( ! same nature1 ,i %all n inquire4 ,b t p]ceptions come into our m9ds readily & ( c\rse1 by means ( _! hav+ be5 !re be=e1 seems a ?+ ( ! same sort1 z read9ess 9 any p>ticul> k9d ( action1 proce$+ f be+ accu/om$ to x4 ,aptness to recollect practical obs]vations1 ( s]vice 9 our conduct1 is pla9ly habit 9 _m cases4 ,!re are habits ( p]ception1 & habits ( action4 ,an in/ance ( ! =m]1 is our con/ant & ev5 involunt>y read9ess1 9 correct+ ! impressions ( our sight conc]n+ magnitudes & di/ances1 s z to sub/itute judgm5t 9 ! room ( s5sation1 imp]ceptibly to ourselves4 ,x seems z if all o!r associations ( ideas n naturally connect$1 might be call$ passive habits2 z prop]ly z our read9ess 9 und]/&+ languages ^u sight1 or he>+ ( words4 ,our read9ess 9 speak+ & writ+ !m1 are in/ances ( active habits4 ,= di/9ctness1 we may consid] habits1 z belong+ to ! body1 or to ! m9d3 & ! latt] w be expla9$ by ! =m]4 ,"u ! =m] are compreh5d$ all bodily activities or motions1 :e!r graceful or unbecom+1 :i* are ow+ to use3 "u ! latt]1 g5]al habits ( life & conduct2 su* z ^? ( ob$i5ce & submission to au?ority1 or to any p>ticul> p]son2 ^? ( v]acity1 ju/ice1 & *>ity2 ^? ( att5tion1 indu/ry1 self-gov]nm5t1 envy1 rev5ge4 ,habits ( ?is latt] k9d seem produc$ by repeat$ acts1 z well z ! =m]4 ,& z habits belong+ to ! body are produc$ by ext]nal acts1 s habits ( ! m9d are produc$ by ! ex]tion ( inw>d practical pr9ciples2 i4e4 by c>ry+ !m into act1 or act+ ^u !m2 ! pr9ciples ( ob$i5ce1 ( v]acity1 ju/ice1 & *>ity4 ,nor c ^? habits be =m$ by any ext]nal c\rse ( action1 o!rwise ?an z x proce$s f ^! pr9ciples3 because x is only ^! inw>d pr9ciples ex]t$1 :i* are /rictly acts ( ob$i5ce1 ( v]acity1 ( ju/ice1 & ( *>ity4 ,s likewise habits ( att5tion1 indu/ry1 self-gov]nm5t1 are 9 ! same mann] acquir$ by ex]cise2 & habits ( envy & rev5ge by indulg5ce1 :e!r 9 outw>d act1 or 9 ?\ght & int5tion2 i4e4 inw>d act3 = su* int5tion is an act4 ,resolutions to d well1 are also prop]ly acts4 ,& endeavor+ to en=ce ^u our own m9ds a practical s5se ( virtue1 or to beget 9 o!rs t practical s5se ( x1 :i* a man really has himself1 is a virtu\s act4 ,all ^!1 !re=e1 may & w contribute t[>ds =m+ good habits4 ,b go+ ov] ! !ory ( virtue 9 "o's ?\ghts1 talk+ well1 & draw+ f9e pictures1 ( x2 ?is is s f> f necess>ily or c]ta9ly conduc+ to =m a habit ( x1 9 him :o ?us employs himself1 t x may h>d5 ! m9d 9 a contr>y c\rse1 & r5d] x gradually m ins5sible2 i4e4 =m a habit ( ins5sibility to all moral consid]ations4 ,=1 f our v faculty ( habits1 passive impressions1 by be+ repeat$1 gr[ weak]4 ,?\ghts1 by (t5 pass+ ?r\gh ! m9d1 are felt less s5sibly3 be+ accu/om$ to dang]1 begets intrepidity1 i4e4 less5s fe>2 to di/ress1 less5s ! passion ( pity2 to in/ances ( o!rs' mortality1 less5s ! s5sible appreh5sion ( our own4 ,f ^! two obs]vations toge!r1 t practical habits are =m$ & /r5g!n$ by repeat$ acts1 & t passive impressions gr[ weak] by be+ repeat$ ^u u1 x mu/ foll[1 t active habits may be gradually =m+ & /r5g!n+1 by a c\rse ( act+ ^u su* & su* motives & excitem5ts1 :ile ^! motives & excitem5ts !mselves are1 by proportionable degrees1 gr[+ less s5sible2 i4e4 are cont9ually less & less s5sibly felt1 ev5 z ! active habits /r5g!n4 ,& exp]i5ce confirms ?is3 = active pr9ciples1 at ! v "t t !y are less lively 9 p]ception ?an !y 71 are f\nd to be1 someh[1 wr\ght m ?or\ghly into ! temp] & "*1 & become m effectual 9 influ5c+ our practice4 ,! ?ree ?+s j m5tion$ may af=d in/ances ( x4 ,p]ception ( dang] is a natural excitem5t ( passive fe>1 & active caution3 & by be+ inur$ to dang]1 habits ( ! latt] are gradually wr\ght1 at ! same "t t ! =m] gradually less5s4 ,p]ception ( di/ress 9 o!rs is a natural excitem5t1 passively to pity1 & actively to relieve x3 b let a man set himself to att5d to1 inquire out1 & relieve di/ress$ p]sons1 & he _c b gr[ less & less s5sibly affect$ ) ! v>i\s mis]ies ( life1 ) :i* he mu/ become acqua9t$2 :5 yet1 at ! same "t1 b5evol5ce1 consid]$ n z a passion1 b z a practical pr9ciple ( action1 w /r5g!n3 & :ile he passively compassionates ! di/ress$ less1 he w acquire a great] aptitude actively to assi/ & befri5d !m4 ,s also at ! same "t t ! daily in/ances ( m5's dy+ ar\nd u give u daily a less s5sible passive feel+ or appreh5sion ( our own mortality1 su* in/ances greatly contribute to ! /r5g!n+ a practical reg>d to x 9 s]i\s m52 i4e4 to =m+ a habit ( act+ ) a con/ant view to x4 ,?is seems fur!r to %[1 t passive impressions made ^u our m9ds by admonition1 exp]i5ce1 or example1 ?\gh !y may h a remote efficacy1 & a v great "o1 t[>ds =m+ active habits1 yet c h ?is efficacy no o!rwise ?an by induc+ u to su* a c\rse ( action3 & t x is n be+ affect$ s & s1 b act+1 :i* =ms ^? habits3 only x mu/ be always rememb]$1 t real endeavors to en=ce good impressions ^u ourselves are a species ( virtu\s action4 ,nor d we "k h[ f> x is possible1 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 t effects %\ld be wr\ght 9 u at once1 equival5t to habits2 i4e4 :at is wr\ght by use & ex]cise4 ,! ?+ insi/$ on is1 n :at may be possible1 b :at is 9 fact ! appo9tm5t ( nature3 :i* is1 t active habits are to be =m$ by ex]cise4 ,_! progress may be s gradual1 z to be imp]ceptible 9 its /eps3 x may be h>d to expla9 ! faculty1 by :i* we are capable ( habits1 ?r\gh\t its sev]al p>ts2 & to trace x up to its orig9al1 s z to di/+ui% x f all o!rs 9 our m9d3 & x seems z if contr>y effects 7 to be ascrib$ to x4 ,b ! ?+ 9 g5]al1 t our nature is =m$ to yield to use & ex]cise1 9 "s su* mann] z ?is1 is matt] ( c]ta9 exp]i5ce4 ,?us1 by accu/om+ ourselves to any c\rse ( action1 we get an aptness to g on1 a facility1 read9ess1 & (t5 pleasure1 9 x4 ,! incl9ations :i* r5d]$ u av]se to x1 gr[ weak]2 ! difficulties 9 x1 n only ! imag9>y b ! real ones1 less52 ! reasons = x (f] !mselves ( c\rse to our ?\ghts ^u all occasions2 & ! lea/ glimpse ( !m is suffici5t to make u g on1 9 a c\rse ( action1 to :i* we h be5 accu/om$4 ,practical pr9ciples appe> to gr[ /rong]1 absolutely 9 !mselves1 by ex]cise2 z well z relatively1 ) reg>d to contr>y pr9ciples2 :i*1 by be+ accu/om$ to submit1 d s habitually1 & ( c\rse4 ,?us a new "*1 9 sev]al respects1 may be =m$2 & _m habitudes ( life1 n giv5 by nature1 b :i* nature directs u to acquire4 ,,iii4 ,inde$ we may be assur$1 t we %\ld nev] h _h ^! capacities ( improv+ by exp]i5ce1 acquir$ k1 & habits1 _h !y n be5 necess>y1 & int5d$ to be made use (4 ,& accord+ly we f9d !m s necess>y1 & s mu* int5d$1 t )\t !m we %\ld be utt]ly incapable ( t :i* 0 ! end = :i* we 7 made1 consid]$ 9 our temporal capacity only3 ! employm5ts & satisfactions ( our mature /ate ( life4 ,nature does 9 no wise qualify u :olly1 mu* less at once1 = ?is mature /ate ( life4 ,ev5 maturity ( und]/&+1 & bodily /r5g?1 n only are arriv$ at gradually1 b are also v mu* ow+ to ! cont9u$ ex]cise ( our p[]s ( body & m9d f infancy4 ,if we suppose a p]son br\ght into ! _w ) bo? ^! 9 maturity1 z f> z ?is is conceivable1 he w\ld pla9ly at fir/ be z unqualifi$ = ! human life ( mature age1 z an idiot4 ,he w\ld be 9 a mann] di/ract$1 ) a/oni%m5t1 & appreh5sion1 & curiosity1 & susp5se3 nor c "o guess1 h[ long x w\ld be1 be=e he w\ld be famili>iz$ to himself & ! objects ab\t him1 en\gh ev5 to set himself to any ?+4 ,x may be que/ion$ too1 :e!r ! natural in=mation ( 8 sight & he>+ w\ld be ( any mann] ( use to him 9 act+1 be=e exp]i5ce4 ,& x seems1 t m5 w\ld be /rangely head/rong & self-will$1 & dispos$ to ex]t !mselves ) an impetuosity1 :i* w\ld r5d] society insupportable1 & ! liv+ 9 x impracticable1 7 x n = "s acquir$ mod]ation & self-gov]nm5t1 "s aptitude & read9ess 9 re/ra9+ !mselves1 & conceal+ _! s5se ( ?+s4 ,want ( e ?+ ( ?is k9d :i* is le>nt w\ld r5d] a man z incapable ( society1 z want ( language w\ld2 or z 8 natural ignorance ( any ( ! p>ticul> employm5ts ( life w\ld r5d] him incapable ( provid+ himself ) ! common conv5i5ces1 or supply+ ! necess>y wants ( x4 ,9 ^! respects1 & probably 9 _m m ( :i* we h no p>ticul> notion1 mank9d is left by nature1 an un=m$1 unf9i%$ creature2 utt]ly defici5t & unqualifi$1 be=e ! acquirem5t ( k1 exp]i5ce1 & habits1 = t mature /ate ( life1 :i* 0 ! end ( 8 creation1 consid]+ him z relat$ only to ?is _w4 ,b1 z nature has endu$ u ) a p[] ( supply+ ^? defici5cies1 by acquir$ k1 exp]i5ce1 & habits2 s likewise we are plac$ 9 a condition1 9 infancy1 *ildhood1 & y\?1 fitt$ = x2 fitt$ = our acquir+ ^? qualifications ( all sorts1 :i* we /& 9 ne$ ( 9 mature age4 ,h5ce *ildr51 f _! v bir?1 are daily gr[+ acqua9t$ ) ! objects ab\t !m1 ) ! sc5e 9 :i* !y are plac$1 & to h a future "p2 & le>n+ some?+ or o!r1 necess>y to ! p]=mance ( x4 ,! subord9ations1 to :i* !y are accu/om$ 9 dome/ic life1 tea* !m self-gov]nm5t 9 common behavior abroad1 & prep>e !m = subjection & ob$i5ce to civil au?ority4#ie ,:at passes be=e _! eyes1 & daily happ5s to !m1 gives !m exp]i5ce1 caution aga9/ trea*]y & deceit1 toge!r ) numb]less little rules ( action & conduct1 :i* we c\ld n live )\t2 & :i* are le>nt s ins5sibly & s p]fectly1 z to be mi/ak5 p]haps = in/9ct1 ?\gh !y are ! effect ( long exp]i5ce & ex]cise2 z mu* s z language1 or k 9 p>ticul> bus9ess1 or ! qualifications & behavior belong+ to ! sev]al ranks & pr(essions4 ,?us ! beg9n+ ( our days is adapt$ to be1 & is1 a /ate ( education 9 ! !ory & practice ( mature life4 ,we are mu* assi/$ 9 x by example1 in/ruction1 & ! c>e ( o!rs2 b a great deal is left to ourselves to d4 ,& ( ?is1 z "p is done easily & ( c\rse2 s "p requires dilig5ce & c>e1 ! volunt>y =ego+ _m ?+s :i* we desire1 & sett+ ourselves to :at we %\ld h no incl9ation to1 b = ! necessity or exp$i5ce ( x4 ,= t labor & indu/ry1 :i* ! /ation ( s _m absolutely requires1 !y w\ld be greatly unqualifi$ =1 9 maturity1 z ^? 9 o!r /ations w\ld be = any o!r sorts ( application2 if bo? 7 n accu/om$ to !m 9 _! y\?4 ,&1 accord+ z p]sons behave !mselves1 9 ! g5]al education :i* all g ?r\gh1 & 9 ! p>ticul> ones adapt$ to p>ticul> employm5ts1 _! "* is =m$1#if & made to appe>2 !y recomm5d !mselves m or less2 & are capable (1 & plac$ 91 diff]5t /ations 9 society4 ,! =m] "p ( life1 !n1 is to be consid]$ z an important opportunity1 :i* nature puts into our h&s2 & :i*1 :5 lo/ is n to be recov]$4 ,& our be+ plac$ 9 a /ate ( discipl9e ?r\gh\t ?is life1 = ano!r _w1 is a provid5tial disposition ( ?+s1 exactly ( ! same k9d1 z our be+ plac$ 9 a /ate ( discipl9e dur+ *ildhood1 = mature age4 ,our condition 9 bo? respects is uni=m & ( a piece1 & compreh5d$ "u "o & ! same g5]al law ( nature4 ,if we 7 n able at all to disc]n1 h[ or 9 :at way ! pres5t life c\ld be our prep>ation = ano!r2 ?is w\ld be no objection aga9/ ! cr$ibility ( its be+ s4 ,we d n disc]n1 h[ food & sleep contribute to ! gr[? ( ! body2 nor c\ld h any ?\ght t !y w\ld1 be=e we _h exp]i5ce4 ,nor d *ildr5 at all ?9k1 on ! "o h&1 t ! sports & ex]cises1 to :i* !y are s mu* addict$1 contribute to _! heal? & gr[?2 nor1 on ! o!r1 ( ! necessity :i* !re is = _! be+ re/ra9$ 9 !m4 ,nor are !y capable ( und]/&+ ! use ( _m p>ts ( discipl9e1 :i* nev]!less !y mu/ be made to g ?r\gh1 9 ord] to qualify !m = ! bus9ess ( mature age4 ,7 we n able !n to discov]1 9 :at respects ! pres5t life c\ld =m u = a future "o2 yet no?+ w\ld be m supposable ?an t x might1 9 "s respects or o!r1 f ! g5]al analogy ( ,provid5ce4 ,& ?is1 = aught ,i see1 might reasonably be said1 ev5 ?\gh we %\ld n take 9 ! consid]ation ( ,god's moral gov]nm5t ov] ! _w4 ,b1 ,,iv4 ,take 9 ?is consid]ation1 & consequ5tly1 t ! "* ( virtue & piety is a necess>y qualification = ! future /ate1 & !n we may di/9ctly see1 h[1 & 9 :at respects1 ! pres5t life may be a prep>ation = x2 s9ce we want1 & are capable (1 improvem5t 9 t "*1 by moral & religi\s habits2 & ! pres5t life is fit to be a /ate ( discipl9e = su* improvem5t3 9 l mann] z we h already obs]v$1 h[1 & 9 :at respects1 infancy1 *ildhood1 & y\?1 are a necess>y prep>ation1 & a natural /ate ( discipl9e1 = mature age4 ,no?+ :i* we at pres5t see1 w\ld lead u to ! ?\ght ( a solit>y inactive /ate h]eaft]4 ,if we judge at all f ! analogy ( nature1 we mu/ suppose1 accord+ to ! ,scripture acc\nt ( x1 t x w be a community4 ,& !re is no %ad[ ( any ?+ unreasonable 9 conceiv+1 ?\gh !re be no analogy = x1 t ?is community w be1 z ! ,scripture repres5ts x1 "u ! m imm$iate1 or1 if su* an expression may be us$1 ! m s5sible gov]nm5t ( ,god4 ,nor is our ignorance1 :at w be ! employm5ts ( ?is happy community1 nor our consequ5t ignorance1 :at p>ticul> scope or occasion !re w be = ! ex]cise ( v]acity1 ju/ice1 & *>ity1 among ! memb]s ( x ) reg>d to ea* o!r1 any pro(1 t !re w be no sph]e ( ex]cise = ^? virtues4 ,mu* less1 if t 7 possible1 is our ignorance any pro(1 t !re w be no occasion = t frame ( m9d1 or "*1 :i* is =m$ by ! daily practice ( ^? p>ticul> virtues "h1 & :i* is a result f x4#ig ,?is at lea/ mu/ be own$ 9 g5]al1 t1 z ! gov]nm5t e/abli%$ 9 ! univ]se is moral1 ! "* ( virtue & piety mu/1 9 "s way or o!r1 be ! condition ( our happ9ess or ! qualification = x4 ,f :at is above obs]v$1 conc]n+ our natural p[] ( habits1 x is easy to see1 t we are capable ( moral improvem5t by discipl9e4 ,& h[ greatly we want x1 ne$ n be prov$ to any "o :o is acqua9t$ ) ! great wick$ness ( mank9d2 or ev5 ) ^? imp]fections1 :i* ! be/ are consci\s (4 ,b x is n p]haps di/9ctly att5d$ to by e "o1 t ! occasion :i* human creatures h = discipl9e1 to improve 9 !m ?is "* ( virtue & piety1 is to be trac$ up high] ?an to excess 9 ! passions1 by indulg5ce & habits ( vice4 ,mank9d1 & p]haps all f9ite creatures1 f ! v con/itution ( _! nature1 be=e habits ( virtue1 are defici5t1 & 9 dang] ( deviat+ f :at is "r2 & !re=e /& 9 ne$ ( virtu\s habits1 = a security aga9/ ?is dang]4 ,=1 toge!r ) ! g5]al pr9ciple ( moral und]/&+1 we h 9 our inw>d frame v>i\s affections t[>ds p>ticul> ext]nal objects4 ,^! affections are naturally1 & ( "r1 subject to ! gov]nm5t ( ! moral pr9ciple1 z to ! occasions ^u :i* !y may be gratifi$2 z to ! times1 degrees1 & mann]1 9 :i* ! objects ( !m may be pursu$4 ,b ! pr9ciple ( virtue c nei!r excite !m1 nor prev5t _! be+ excit$4 ,on ! contr>y1 !y are naturally felt1 :5 ! objects ( !m are pres5t to ! m9d1 n only be=e all consid]ation :e!r !y c be obta9$ by lawful means1 b aft] x is f\nd !y _c4 ,! natural objects ( affection cont9ue s2 ! necess>ies1 conv5i5ces1 & pleasures ( life1 rema9 naturally desirable1 ?\gh !y _c be obta9$ innoc5tly3 nay1 ?\gh !y _c possibly be obta9$ at all4 ,& :5 ! objects ( any affection :atev] _c be obta9$ )\t unlawful means2 b may be obta9$ by !m3 su* affection1 ?\gh its be+ excit$1 & its cont9u+ "s "t 9 ! m9d1 be z innoc5t z x is natural & necess>y1 yet _c b be conceiv$ to h a t5d5cy to incl9e p]sons to v5ture ^u su* unlawful means3 & !re=e mu/ be conceiv$ z putt+ !m 9 "s dang] ( x4 ,n[ :at is ! g5]al security aga9/ ?is dang]1 aga9/ _! actually deviat+ f "r8 ,z ! dang] is1 s also mu/ ! security be1 f )93 f ! practical pr9ciple ( virtue4#ih ,! /r5g!n+ or improv+ ?is pr9ciple1 consid]$ z practical1 or z a pr9ciple ( action1 w less5 ! dang]1 or increase ! security aga9/ x4 ,& ?is moral pr9ciple is capable ( improvem5t1 by prop] discipl9e & ex]cise3 by recollect+ ! practical impressions :i* example & exp]i5ce h made ^u u3 &1 in/ead ( foll[+ humor & m]e incl9ation1 by cont9ually att5d+ to ! equity & "r ( ! case1 9 :atev] we are engag$1 be x 9 great] or less matt]s2 & accu/om+ ourselves always to act ^u x1 z be+ itself ! j & natural motive ( action2 & z ?is moral c\rse ( behavior mu/ necess>ily1 "u ! div9e gov]nm5t1 be our f9al int]e/4 ,?us ! pr9ciple ( virtue1 improv$ into a habit1 ( :i* improvem5t we are ?us capable1 w pla9ly be1 9 proportion to ! /r5g? ( x1 a security aga9/ ! dang] :i* f9ite creatures are 91 f ! v nature ( prop5sion1 or p>ticul> affections4 ,?is way ( putt+ ! matt]1 supposes p>ticul> affections to rema9 9 a future /ate2 :i* x is sc>ce possible to avoid suppos+4 ,& if !y d2 we cle>ly see1 t acquir$ habits ( virtue & self-gov]nm5t may be necess>y = ! regulation ( !m4 ,h[ev]1 ?\gh we 7 n di/9ctly to take 9 ?is supposition1 b to speak only 9 g5]al2 ! ?+ really comes to ! same4 ,= habits ( virtue1 ?us acquir$ by discipl9e1 are improvem5t 9 virtue3 & improvem5t 9 virtue mu/ be advancem5t 9 happ9ess1 if ! gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se be moral4 ,f ^! ?+s we may obs]ve1 7& x w fur!r %[ ?is our natural & orig9al ne$ ( be+ improv$ by discipl9e17 h[ x comes to pass1 t creatures made upright1 fall2 & h[ ^? :o pres]ve _! uprightness1 raise !mselves by s do+1 to a m secure /ate ( virtue4 ,to say t ! =m] is acc\nt$ = by ! nature ( lib]ty1 is to say no m1 ?an t an ev5t's actually happ5+ is acc\nt$ = by a m]e possibility ( its happ5+4 ,b x seems di/9ctly conceivable f ! v nature ( p>ticul> affections or prop5sions4 ,=1 suppose creatures int5d$ = su* a p>ticul> /ate ( life1 = :i* su* prop5sions 7 necess>y3 suppose !m endu$ ) su* prop5sions1 toge!r ) moral und]/&+1 z well includ+ a practical s5se ( virtue z a speculative p]ception ( x2 & t all ^! sev]al pr9ciples1 bo? natural & moral1 =m+ an inw>d con/itution ( m9d1 7 9 ! mo/ exact proportion possible2 i4e4 9 a proportion ! mo/ exactly adapt$ to _! int5d$ /ate ( life2 su* creatures w\ld be made upright1 or f9itely p]fect4 ,n[ p>ticul> prop5sions1 f _! v nature1 mu/ be felt1 ! objects ( !m be+ pres5t2 ?\gh !y _c be gratifi$ at all1 or n ) ! all[ance ( ! moral pr9ciple4 ,if !y c be gratifi$ )\t its all[ance1 or by contradict+ x1 !n !y mu/ be conceiv$ to h "s t5d5cy1 9 h[ l[ a degree soev]1 yet "s t5d5cy1 to induce p]sons to su* =bidd5 gratification4 ,?is t5d5cy1 9 "s "o p>ticul> prop5sion1 may be increas$1 by ! great] frequ5cy ( occasions naturally excit+ x1 ?an ( occasions excit+ o!rs4 ,! lea/ volunt>y indulg5ce 9 =bidd5 circum/ances1#ii ?\gh b 9 ?\ght1 w increase ?is wrong t5d5cy2 & may increase x fur!r1 till1 peculi> conjunctures p]haps conspir+1 x becomes effect2 & dang] ( deviat+ f "r1 ends 9 actual deviation f x2 a dang] necess>ily aris+ f ! v nature ( prop5sion1 & :i* !re=e c\ld n h be5 prev5t$1 ?\gh x might h be5 escap$1 or got innoc5tly ?r\gh4 ,! case w\ld be1 z if we 7 to suppose a /raight pa? m>k$ out = a p]son1 9 :i* a c]ta9 degree ( att5tion w\ld keep him /eady3 b if he w\ld n att5d1 9 ?is degree1 any "o ( a ?\s& objects1 cat*+ 8 eye1 might lead him out ( x4 ,n[ x is impossible to say1 h[ mu* ev5 ! fir/ full ov]t act ( irregul>ity might disord] ! inw>d con/itution2 unsettle ! adju/m5ts1 & alt] ! proportions1 :i* =m$ x1 & 9 :i* ! uprightness ( its make consi/$3 b repetition ( irregul>ities w\ld produce habits4 ,?us ! con/itution w\ld be spoil$2 & creatures made upright1 become corrupt & deprav$ 9 _! settl$ "*1 proportionably to _! repeat$ irregul>ities 9 occasional acts1#ajj ,on ! contr>y1 ^! creatures might h improv$ & rais$ !mselves1 to a high] & m secure /ate ( virtue1 by ! contr>y behavior3 by /eadily foll[+ ! moral pr9ciple1 suppos$ to be "o "p ( _! nature3 & ?us )/&+ t unavoidable dang] ( defection1 :i* necess>ily arose f prop5sion1 ! o!r "p ( x4 ,=1 by ?us pres]v+ _! integrity = "s "t1 _! dang] w\ld less52 s9ce prop5sions1 by be+ inur$ to submit1 w\ld d x m easily & ( c\rse3 & _! security aga9/ ?is less5+ dang] w\ld increase2 s9ce ! moral pr9ciple w\ld ga9 additional /r5g? by ex]cise3 bo? :i* ?+s are impli$ 9 ! notion ( virtu\s habits4 ,?us vici\s indulg5ce is n only crim9al 9 itself1 b also depraves ! inw>d con/itution & "*4 ,& virtu\s self-gov]nm5t is n only "r 9 itself1 b also improves ! inw>d con/itution or "*3 & may improve x to su* a degree1 t ?\gh we %\ld suppose x impossible = p>ticul> affections to be absolutely co9cid5t ) ! moral pr9ciple2 & consequ5tly %\ld all[1 t su* creatures z h be5 above suppos$1 w\ld =ev] rema9 defectible1 yet _! dang] ( actually deviat+ f "r may be almo/ inf9itely less5$1 & !y fully =tifi$ aga9/ :at rema9s ( x2 if t may be call$ dang]1 aga9/ :i* !re is an adequate1 effectual security4 ,/ill1 ?is _! high] p]fection may cont9ue to consi/ 9 habits ( virtue =m$ 9 a /ate ( discipl9e1 & ?is _! m complete security rema9 to proce$ f !m4 ,?us x is pla9ly conceivable1 t creatures )\t blemi%1 z !y came out ( ! h&s ( ,god1 may be 9 dang] ( go+ wrong2 & s may /& 9 ne$ ( ! security ( virtu\s habits1 additional to ! moral pr9ciple wr\ght into _! natures by him4 ,t :i* is ! gr\nd ( _! dang]1 or _! want ( security1 maybe consid]$ z a defici5cy 9 !mselves1 to :i* virtu\s habits are ! natural supply4 ,& z !y are naturally capable ( be+ rais$ & improv$ by discipl9e1 x may be a ?+ fit & requisite1 t !y %\ld be plac$ 9 circum/ances ) an eye to x3 9 circum/ances peculi>ly fitt$ to be to !m a /ate ( discipl9e = _! improvem5t 9 virtue4 ,b h[ mu* m /rongly mu/ ?is hold ) respect to ^? :o h corrupt$ _! natures1 are fall5 f _! orig9al rectitude1 & ^: passions are become excessive by repeat$ violations ( _! inw>d con/itution6 ,upright creatures may want to be improv$3 deprav$ creatures want to be r5ew$4 ,education & discipl9e1 :i* may be 9 all degrees & sorts ( g5tl5ess & ( sev]ity1 are exp$i5t = ^?3 b mu/ be absolutely necess>y = ^!4 ,= ^!1 discipl9e ( ! sev]] sort too1 & 9 ! high] degrees ( x1 mu/ be necess>y1 9 ord] to we> out vici\s habits2 to recov] _! primitive /r5g? ( self-gov]nm5t1 :i* indulg5ce mu/ h weak5$2 to repair1 z well z raise into a habit1 ! moral pr9ciple1 9 ord] to _! arriv+ at a secure /ate ( virtu\s happ9ess4 ,:oev] w consid] ! ?+1 may cle>ly see t ! pres5t _w is peculi>ly fit to be a /ate ( discipl9e = ?is purpose1 to su* z w set !mselves to m5d & improve4 ,=1 ! v>i\s temptations ) :i* we are surr\nd$2 our exp]i5ce ( ! deceits ( wick$ness2 hav+ be5 9 _m in/ances l$ wrong ourselves2 ! great vici\sness ( ! _w2 ! inf9ite disord]s consequ5t ^u x2 our be+ made acqua9t$ ) pa9 & sorr[1 ei!r f our own feel+ ( x1 or f ! sight ( x 9 o!rs2 ^! ?+s1 ?\gh "s ( !m may inde$ produce wrong effects ^u our m9ds1 yet :5 duly reflect$ ^u1 h1 all ( !m1 a direct t5d5cy to br+ u to a settl$ mod]ation & reasonabl5ess ( temp]3 ! contr>y bo? to ?\ghtless levity1 & also to t unre/ra9$ self-w1 & viol5t b5t to foll[ pres5t incl9ation1 :i* may be obs]v$ 9 undiscipl9$ m9ds4 ,su* exp]i5ce1 z ! pres5t /ate af=ds1 ( ! frailty ( our nature2 ( ! b\ndless extravagance ( ungov]n$ passion2 ( ! p[] :i* an inf9ite be+ has ov] u1 by ! v>i\s capacities ( mis]y :i* he has giv5 u2 9 %ort1 t k9d & degree ( exp]i5ce1 :i* ! pres5t /ate af=ds u1 t ! con/itution ( nature is su* z to admit ! possibility1 ! dang]1 & ! actual ev5t1 or creatures los+ _! innoc5ce & happ9ess1 & becom+ vici\s & wret*$2 has a t5d5cy to give u a practical s5se ( ?+s v diff]5t f a m]e speculative k1 t we are liable to vice1 & capable ( mis]y4 ,& :o kn[s1 :e!r ! security ( creatures 9 ! highe/ & mo/ settl$ /ate ( p]fection1 may n 9 "p arise1 f _! hav+ _h su* a s5se ( ?+s z ?is1 =m$1 & habitually fix$ )9 !m1 9 "s /ate ( probation4 ,& pass+ ?r\gh ! pres5t _w ) t moral att5tion1 :i* is necess>y to ! act+ a "r "p 9 x1 may leave ev]la/+ impressions ( ?is sort ^u our m9ds4 ,to be a little m di/9ct3 allurem5ts to :at is wrong1 difficulties 9 ! dis*>ge ( our duty1 our n be+ able to act a uni=m "r "p )\t "s ?\ght & c>e1 & ! opportunities :i* we h1 or imag9e we h1 ( avoid+ :at we dislike or obta9+ :at we desire1 by unlawful means1 :5 we ei!r _c d x at all1 or at lea/ n s easily1 by lawful ones1 ^! ?+s1 i4e4 ! sn>es & temptations ( vice1 are :at r5d] ! pres5t _w peculi>ly fit to be a /ate ( discipl9e1 to ^? :o w pres]ve _! integrity3 because !y r5d] be+ ^u our gu>d1 resolution1 & ! d5ial ( our passions1 necess>y 9 ord] to t end4 ,! ex]cise ( su* p>ticul> recollection1 int5tion ( m9d1 & self-gov]nm5t1 9 ! practice ( virtue1 has1 f ! make ( our nature1 a peculi> t5d5cy to =m habits ( virtue2 z imply+1 n only a real1 b also a m cont9u$1 & a m int5se ex]cise ( ! virtu\s pr9ciple1 or a m con/ant & a /rong] ef=t ( virtue ex]t$ into act4 ,?us suppose a p]son to "k himself to be 9 p>ticul> dang]1 = "s "t1 ( do+ any ?+ wrong1 :i* yet he fully resolves n to d2 cont9u$ recollection & keep+ ^u 8 gu>d1 9 ord] to make good 8 resolution1 is a cont9u$ ex]t+ ( t act ( virtue 9 a high degree1 :i* ne$ h be51 & p]haps w\ld h be51 only in/antane\s & weak1 _h ! temptation be5 s4 ,x is inde$ ridicul\s to ass]t1 t self-d5ial is ess5tial to virtue & piety3#aja b x w\ld h be5 ne>] ! tru?1 ?\gh n /rictly ! tru? itself1 to h said1 t x is ess5tial to discipl9e & improvem5t4 ,= ?\gh actions mat]ially virtu\s1 :i* h no sort ( difficulty1 b are p]fectly agreeable to our p>ticul> incl9ations1 may possibly be done only f ^! p>ticul> incl9ations1 & s may n be any ex]cise ( ! pr9ciple ( virtue1 i4e4 n be virtu\s actions at all2 yet1 on ! contr>y1 !y may be an ex]cise ( t pr9ciple3 & :5 !y are1 !y h a t5d5cy to =m & fix ! habit ( virtue4 ,b :5 ! ex]cise ( ! virtu\s pr9ciple is m cont9u$1 (t5] repeat$1 & m int5se2 z x mu/ be 9 circum/ances ( dang]1 temptation1 & difficulty1 ( any k9d & 9 any degree2 ?is t5d5cy is increas$ proportionably1 & a m confirm$ habit is ! consequ5ce4 ,?is und\bt$ly holds to a c]ta9 l5g?3 b h[ f> x may hold1 ,i "k n4 ,nei!r our intellectual p[]s1 nor our bodily /r5g? c be improv$ beyond a c]ta9 degree3 & bo? may be ov]wr\ght4 ,possibly !re may be some?+ analog\s to ?is1 ) respect to ! moral "*2 :i* is sc>ce wor? consid]+4 ,i m5tion x only1 le/ x %\ld come into "s p]sons' ?\ghts1 n z an exception to ! =ego+ obs]vations1 :i* p]haps x is2 b z a confutation ( !m1 :i* x is n4 ,& !re may be sev]al o!r exceptions4 ,obs]vations ( ?is k9d _c be suppos$ to hold m9utely1 & 9 e case4 ,x is en\gh t !y hold 9 g5]al4 ,& ^! pla9ly hold s f>1 z t f !m may be se5 di/9ctly1 7:i* is all t is int5d$ by !m17 t ! pres5t _w is peculi>ly fit to be a /ate ( discipl9e1 = our improvem5t 9 virtue & piety3 9 ! same s5se z "s sci5ces1 by requir+ & engag+ ! att5tion1 n to be sure ( su* p]sons z w n1 b ( su* z w1 set !mselves to !m1 are fit to =m ! m9d to habits ( att5tion4 ,inde$ ! pres5t /ate is s f> f prov+1 9 ev5t1 a discipl9e ( virtue to ! g5]ality ( m51 t on ! contr>y !y seem to make x a discipl9e ( vice4 ,& ! vici\sness ( ! _w is1 9 diff]5t ways1 ! great temptation :i* r5d]s x a /ate ( virtu\s discipl9e1 9 ! degree x is1 to good m54 ,! :ole end1 & ! :ole occasion1 ( mank9d's be+ plac$ 9 su* a /ate z ! pres5t1 is n pret5d$ to be acc\nt$ =4 ,t :i* appe>s amid/ ! g5]al corruption1 is1 t !re are "s p]sons1 :o1 hav+ )9 !m ! pr9ciple ( am5dm5t & recov]y1 att5d to & foll[ ! notices ( virtue & religion1 be !y m cle> or m obscure1 :i* are af=d$ !m2 & t ! pres5t _w is n only an ex]cise ( virtue 9 ^! p]sons1 b an ex]cise ( x 9 ways & degrees1 peculi>ly apt to improve x3 apt to improve x1 9 "s respects1 ev5 beyond :at w\ld be1 by ! ex]cise ( x1 requir$ 9 a p]fectly virtu\s society1 or 9 a society ( equally imp]fect virtue ) !mselves4 ,b t ! pres5t _w does n actually become a /ate ( moral discipl9e to _m1 ev5 to ! g5]ality1 i4e4 t !y d n improve or gr[ bett] 9 x1 _c be urg$ z a pro(1 t x 0 n int5d$ = moral discipl9e1 by any :o at all obs]ve ! analogy ( nature4 ,=1 ( ! num]\s se$s ( vegetables & bodies ( animals1 :i* are adapt$ & put 9 ! way to improve to su* a po9t or /ate ( natural maturity & p]fection1 we d n see p]haps t "o 9 a million actually does4 ,f> ! greate/ "p ( !m decay be=e !y are improv$ to x2 & appe> to be absolutely de/roy$4 ,yet no "o1 :o does n d5y all f9al causes1 w d5y1 t ^? se$s & bodies1 :i* d atta9 to t po9t ( maturity & p]fection1 answ] ! end = :i* !y 7 really design$ by nature2 & !re=e t nature design$ !m = su* p]fection4 ,i _c =be> add+1 ?\gh x is n to ! pres5t purpose1 t ! appe>ance ( su* an amaz+ wa/e 9 nature1 ) respect to ^! se$s & bodies1 by =eign causes1 is to u z unacc\ntable1 z1 :at is mu* m t]rible1 ! pres5t & future ru9 ( s _m moral ag5ts by !mselves1 i4e4 by vice4 ,aga9/ ?is :ole notion ( moral discipl9e1 x may be object$1 9 ano!r way2 t s f> z a c\rse ( behavior1 mat]ially virtu\s1 proce$s f hope & fe>1 s f> x is only a discipl9e & /r5g!n+ ( self-love4 ,b do+ :at ,god comm&s1 because he comm&s x1 is ob$i5ce1 ?\gh x proce$s f hope or fe>4 ,a c\rse ( su* ob$i5ce w =m habits ( x4 ,& a con/ant reg>d to v]acity1 ju/ice1 & *>ity1 may =m di/9ct habits ( ^! p>ticul> virtues2 & w c]ta9ly =m habits ( self-gov]nm5t1 & ( d5y+ our incl9ations1 :5ev] v]acity1 ju/ice1 or *>ity requires x4 ,nor is !re any f\ndation = ?is great nicety1 ) :i* "s affect to di/+ui% 9 ?is case1 9 ord] to depreciate all religion proce$+ f hope or fe>4 ,=1 v]acity1 ju/ice1 & *>ity1 reg>d to ,god's au?ority1 & to our own *ief int]e/1 are n only all ?ree co9cid5t2 b ea* ( !m is1 9 itself1 a j & natural motive or pr9ciple ( action4 ,he :o beg9s a good life f any "o ( !m1 & p]sev]es 9 x1 z he is already 9 "s degree1 s he _c fail ( becom+ m & m1 ( t "* :i* is correspond5t to ! con/itution ( nature z moral2 & to ! relation :i* ,god /&s 9 to u z moral gov]nor ( x3 nor consequ5tly c he fail ( obta9+ t happ9ess1 :i* ?is con/itution & relation necess>ily suppose connect$ ) t "*4 ,^! sev]al obs]vations1 conc]n+ ! active pr9ciple ( virtue & ob$i5ce to ,god's comm&s1 are applicable to passive submission or resignation to 8 w3 :i* is ano!r ess5tial "p ( a "r "*1 connect$ ) ! =m]1 & v mu* 9 our p[] to =m ourselves to4 ,x may be imag9$1 t no?+ b afflictions c give occasion = or require ?is virtue2 t x c h no respect to1 nor be any way necess>y to qualify =1 a /ate ( p]fect happ9ess3 b x is n exp]i5ce :i* c make u ?9k ?us4 ,prosp]ity itself1 :ile any ?+ suppos$ desirable is n ours1 begets extravagant & unb\nd$ ?\ghts4 ,imag9ation is altoge!r z mu* a s\rce ( discont5t1 z any ?+ 9 our ext]nal condition4 ,x is inde$ true1 t !re c be no scope = pati5ce1 :5 sorr[ %all be no m2 b !re may be ne$ ( a temp] ( m9d1 :i* %all h be5 =m$ by pati5ce4 ,=1 ?\gh self-love1 consid]$ m]ely z an active pr9ciple lead+ u to pursue our *ief int]e/1 _c b be uni=mly co9cid5t ) ! pr9ciple ( ob$i5ce to ,god's comm&s1 our int]e/ be+ rightly und]/ood2 because ?is ob$i5ce1 & ! pursuit ( our own *ief int]e/1 mu/ be 9 e ease "o & ! ?+3 yet x may be que/ion$1 :e!r self-love1 consid]$ m]ely z ! desire ( our own int]e/ or happ9ess1 c1 f its nature1 be ?us absolutely & uni=mly co9cid5t ) ! w ( ,god2 any m ?an p>ticul> affections c3#ajb co9cid5t 9 su* sort1 z n to be liable to be excit$ ^u occasions & 9 degrees1 impossible to be gratifi$ consi/5tly ) ! con/itution ( ?+s1 or ! div9e appo9tm5ts4 ,s t habits ( resignation may1 ^u ?is acc\nt1 be requisite = all creatures3 habits1 ,i say2 :i* signify :at is =m$ by use4 ,h[ev]1 9 g5]al x is obvi\s t bo? self-love & p>ticul> affection 9 human creatures consid]$ only z passive feel+s1 di/ort & r5d ! m9d2 & !re=e /& 9 ne$ ( discipl9e4 ,n[ d5ial ( ^? p>ticul> affections1 9 a c\rse ( active virtue & ob$i5ce to ,god's w1 has a t5d5cy to mod]ate !m2 & seems also to h a t5d5cy to habituate ! m9d1 to be easy & satisfi$ ) t degree ( happ9ess :i* is allott$ u1 i4e4 to mod]ate self-love4 ,b ! prop] discipl9e = resignation is affliction4 ,a "r behavior "u t trial2 recollect+ ourselves s z to consid] x 9 ! view1 9 :i* religion tea*es u to consid] x1 z f ! h& ( ,god1 receiv+ x z :at he appo9ts1 or ?9ks prop] to p]mit1 9 8 _w & "u 8 gov]nm5t2 ?is w habituate ! m9d to a dutiful submission4 ,su* submission1 toge!r ) ! active pr9ciple ( ob$i5ce1 make up ! temp] & "* 9 u1 :i* answ]s to 8 sov]eignty2 & :i* absolutely belongs to ! condition ( our be+1 z dep5d5t creatures4 ,nor c x be said1 t ?is is only break+ ! m9d to a submission to m]e p[]2 = m]e p[] may be accid5tal1 & prec>i\s1 & usurp$3 b x is =m+ )9 ourselves ! temp] ( resignation to ,8 rightful au?ority1 :o is1 by nature1 supreme ov] all4 ,^u ! :ole3 su* a "*1 & su* qualifications1 are necess>y = a mature /ate ( life 9 ! pres5t _w1 z nature alone does 9 no wise be/[2 b has put x ^u u1 9 great "p1 to acquire1 9 our progress f "o /age ( life to ano!r1 f *ildhood to mature age2 put x ^u u to acquire !m1 by giv+ u capacities ( do+ x1 & by plac+ u1 9 ! beg9n+ ( life1 9 a condition fit = x4 ,& ?is is a g5]al analogy to our condition 9 ! pres5t _w1 z 9 a /ate ( moral discipl9e = ano!r4 ,x is 9 va9 to object aga9/ ! cr$ibility ( ! pres5t life's be+ int5d$ = ?is purpose1 t all ! tr\ble & ! dang] unavoidably accompany+ su* discipl9e1 might h be5 sav$ u1 by our be+ made at once ! creatures & ! *>act]s1 :i* we 7 to be4 ,= we exp]i5ce1 t :at we 7 to be1 0 to be ! effect ( :at we w\ld d3 & t ! g5]al conduct ( nature is1 n to save u tr\ble or dang]1 b to make u capable ( go+ ?r\gh !m1 & to put x ^u u to d s4 ,acquirem5ts ( our own1 exp]i5ce & habits1 are ! natural supply to our defici5cies1 & security aga9/ our dang]s3 s9ce x is z pla9ly natural to set ourselves to acquire ! qualifications1 z ! ext]nal ?+s1 :i* we /& 9 ne$ (4 ,9 p>ticul>1 x is z pla9ly a g5]al law ( nature1 t we %\ld ) reg>d to our temporal int]e/1 =m & cultivate practical pr9ciples )9 u1 by att5tion1 use1 & discipl9e1 z any ?+ :atev] is a natural law2 *iefly 9 ! beg9n+ ( life1 b also ?r\gh\t ! :ole c\rse ( x4 ,! alt]native is left to our *oice3 ei!r to improve ourselves1 & bett] our condition2 or1 9 default ( su* improvem5t1 to rema9 defici5t & wret*$4 ,x is !re=e p]fectly cr$ible1 f ! analogy ( nature1 t ! same may be our case1 ) respect to ! happ9ess ( a future /ate1 & ! qualifications necess>y = x4 ,!re is a ?ird ?+1 :i* may seem impli$ 9 ! pres5t _w's be+ a /ate ( probation2 t x is a !atre ( action1 = ! manife/ation ( p]sons' *>act]s1 ) respect to a future "o3 n1 to be sure1 to an all-kn[+ ,be+1 b to 8 creation or "p ( x4 ,?is may1 p]haps1 be only a consequ5ce ( our be+ 9 a /ate ( probation 9 ! o!r s5ses4 ,h[ev]1 x is n impossible1 t m5's %[+ & mak+ manife/1 :at is 9 _! he>t1 :at _! real "* is1 may h respect to a future life1 9 ways & mann]s ) :i* we are n acqua9t$3 p>ticul>ly x may be a means1 7= ! ,au?or ( nature does n appe> to d any ?+ )\t means17 ( _! be+ dispos$ ( suitably to _! *>act]s2 & ( its be+ kn[n to ! creation1 by way ( example1 t !y are ?us dispos$ (4 ,b n to ent] ^u any conjectural acc\nt ( ?is2 "o may j m5tion1 t ! manife/ation ( p]sons' *>act]s contributes v mu*1 9 v>i\s ways1 to ! c>ry+ on a great "p ( t g5]al c\rse ( nature1 respect+ mank9d1 :i* comes "u our obs]vation at pres5t4 ,i %all only add1 t probation1 9 bo? ^! s5ses1 z well z 9 t treat$ ( 9 ! =ego+ *apt]1 is impli$ 9 moral gov]nm5t2 s9ce by p]sons' behavior "u x1 _! *>act]s _c b be manife/$1 & if !y behave well1 improv$4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,op9ion ,,( ,,necessity1 ,,consid]$ ,,z ,,influ5c+ ,,practice4 ,?r\gh\t ! =ego+ treatise x appe>s1 t ! condition ( mank9d1 consid]$ z inhabitants ( ?is _w only1 & "u ! gov]nm5t ( ,god :i* we exp]i5ce1 is greatly analog\s to our condition1 z design$ = ano!r _w1 or z "u t f>!r gov]nm5t1 :i* religion tea*es u4 ,if !re=e any ass]t1 z a fatali/ mu/1 t ! op9ion ( univ]sal necessity is reconcilable ) ! =m]2 !re imm$iately arises a "q 9 ! way ( analogy1 :e!r he mu/ n also own x to be reconcilable ) ! latt]1 i4e4 ) ! sy/em ( religion itself1 & ! pro( ( x4 ,! read] !n w obs]ve1 t ! "q n[ be=e u is n absolute1 i4e4 :e!r ! op9ion ( fate be reconcilable ) religion2 b hypo!tical1 :e!r1 ^u supposition ( its be+ reconcilable ) ! con/itution ( nature1 x be n reconcilable ) religion also4 ,or1 :at pret5ce a fatali/1 n o!r p]sons1 b a fatali/1 has to conclude f 8 op9ion1 t !re c be no su* ?+ z religion4 ,& z ! puzzle & obscurity1 :i* mu/ unavoidably arise f argu+ ^u s absurd a supposition z t ( univ]sal necessity1 w1 ,i fe>1 easily be se52 x w1 ,i hope1 z easily be excus$4#ajc ,s9ce x has be5 all along tak5 = grant$1 z a ?+ prov$1 t !re is an intellig5t ,au?or ( nature1 or natural ,gov]nor ( ! _w2 & s9ce an objection may be made aga9/ ! pro( ( ?is1 f ! op9ion ( univ]sal necessity1 z x may be suppos$1 t su* necessity w itself acc\nt = ! orig9 & pres]vation ( all ?+s2 x is requisite1 t ?is objection be di/9ctly answ]$2 or t x be %[n1 t a fatality suppos$ consi/5t ) :at we c]ta9ly exp]i5ce1 does n de/roy ! pro( ( an intellig5t ,au?or & ,gov]nor ( nature2 be=e we proce$ to consid]1 :e!r x de/roys ! pro( ( a moral ,gov]nor ( x1 or ( our be+ 9 a /ate ( religion4 ,:5 x is said by a fatali/1 t ! :ole con/itution ( nature1 ! actions ( m51 e ?+1 & e mode & circum/ance ( e ?+1 is necess>y1 & c\ld n possibly h be5 o!rwise2 x is to be obs]v$1 t ?is necessity does n exclude delib]ation1 *oice1 pref]5ce1 & act+ f c]ta9 pr9ciples1 & to c]ta9 ends3 because all ?is is matt] ( und\bt$ exp]i5ce1 ackn[l$g$ by all1 & :at e man may1 e mom5t1 be consci\s (4 ,h5ce x foll[s1 t necessity1 alone & ( itself1 is 9 no sort an acc\nt ( ! con/itution ( nature1 & h[ ?+s came to be & to cont9ue z !y are2 b only an acc\nt ( ?is circum/ance relat+ to _! orig9 & cont9uance1 t !y c\ld n h be5 o!rwise1 ?an !y are & h be54 ,! ass]tion1 t e ?+ is by necessity ( nature1 is n an answ] to ! "q2 ,:e!r ! _w came into be+ z x is1 by an intellig5t ,ag5t =m+ x ?us1 or n3 b to q ano!r "q2 ,:e!r x came into be+ z x is1 9 t way & mann] :i* we call necess>ily1 or 9 t way & mann] :i* we call freely8 ,= suppose f>!r1 t "o :o 0 a fatali/1 & "o :o kept to 8 natural s5se ( ?+s1 & believ$ himself a free ag5t1 7 disput+ toge!r1 & v9dicat+ _! respective op9ions2 & !y %\ld happ5 to in/ance a h\se2 !y w\ld agree t x 0 built by an ar*itect4 ,_! diff]5ce conc]n+ necessity & fre$om w\ld occasion no diff]5ce ( judgm5t conc]n+ ?is2 b only conc]n+ ano!r matt]2 :e!r ! ar*itect built x necess>ily or freely4 ,suppose !y %\ld proce$ to inquire conc]n+ ! con/itution ( nature4 ,9 a lax way ( speak+1 "o ( !m might say1 x 0 by necessity2 & ! o!r1 by fre$om3 b if !y _h any mean+ to _! words1 z ! latt] mu/ mean a free ag5t1 s ! =m] mu/ at l5g? be r$uc$ to mean an ag5t1 :e!r he w\ld say "o or m1 act+ by necessity3 = ab/ract notions c d no?+4 ,we inde$ ascribe to ,god a necess>y exi/5ce1 uncaus$ by any ag5t4 ,= we f9d )9 ourselves ! idea ( inf9ity1 i4e4 imm5sity & et]nity1 impossible1 ev5 9 imag9ation1 to be remov$ out ( be+4 ,we seem to disc]n intuitively1 t !re mu/1 & _c b be1 some?+1 ext]nal to ourselves1 answ]+ ?is idea1 or ! ar*etype ( x4 ,h5ce1 7= ?is ab/ract1 z mu* z any o!r1 implies a concrete7 we conclude1 t !re is1 & _c b be1 an inf9ite & imm5se et]nal be+1 exi/+ prior to all design contribut+ to 8 exi/5ce1 & exclusive ( x4 ,f ! scant9ess ( language1 a mann] ( speak+ has be5 introduc$2 t necessity is ! f\ndation1 ! reason1 ! acc\nt ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god4 ,b x is n alleg$1 nor c x be at all int5d$1 t e ?+ exi/s z x does1 by ?is k9d ( necessity3 a necessity antec$5t 9 nature to design3 x _c1 ,i say1 be meant t e ?+ exi/s z x does1 by ?is k9d ( necessity1 ^u sev]al acc\nts2 & p>ticul>ly because x is admitt$1 t design1 9 ! actions ( m51 contributes to _m alt]ations 9 nature4 ,if any d5y ?is1 ,i %all n pret5d to reason ) !m4 ,f ^! ?+s x foll[s2 ,fir/1 ,t :5 a fatali/ ass]ts1 t e ?+ is by necessity1 he mu/ mean1 by an ag5t act+ necess>ily2 he mu/1 ,i say1 mean ?is1 = ,i am v s5sible he w\ld n *oose to mean x4 ,secondly1 ,t ! necessity1 by :i* su* an ag5t is suppos$ to act1 does n exclude intellig5ce & design4 ,s t1 7 ! sy/em ( fatality admitt$1 x w\ld j z mu* acc\nt = ! =mation ( ! _w1 z = ! /ructure ( a h\se1 & no m4 ,necessity z mu* requires & supposes a necess>y ag5t1 z fre$om requires & supposes a free ag5t1 to be ! =m] ( ! _w4 ,& ! appe>ances ( design & ( f9al causes 9 ! con/itution ( nature z really prove ?is act+ ag5t to be an intellig5t design]1 or to act f *oice2 ^u ! s*eme ( necessity1 suppos$ possible1 z ^u t ( fre$om4 ,x appe>+ ?us1 t ! notion ( necessity does n de/roy ! pro( t !re is an intellig5t ,au?or ( nature & natural ,gov]nor ( ! _w2 ! pres5t "q1 :i* ! analogy be=e m5tion$ sugge/s1#ajd & :i*1 ,i ?9k1 x w answ]1 is ?is3 ,:e!r ! op9ion ( necessity1 suppos$ consi/5t ) possibility1 ) ! con/itution ( ! _w1 & ! natural gov]nm5t :i* we exp]i5ce ex]cis$ ov] x1 de/roys all reasonable gr\nd ( belief1 t we are 9 a /ate ( religion3 or :e!r t op9ion be reconcilable ) religion2 ) ! sy/em1 & ! pro( ( x4 ,suppose !n a fatali/ to educate any "o1 f 8 y\? up1 9 8 own pr9ciples2 t ! *ild %\ld reason ^u !m1 & conclude1 t s9ce he _c possibly behave o!rwise ?an he does1 he is n a subject ( blame or comm5dation1 nor c des]ve to be rew>d$ or puni%$4 ,imag9e him to eradicate ! v p]ceptions ( blame & comm5dation out ( 8 m9d1 by means ( ?is sy/em2 to =m 8 temp]1 & "*1 & behavior to x2 & f x to judge ( ! treatm5t he 0 to expect1 say1 f reasonable m51 ^u 8 com+ abroad into ! _w3 z ! fatali/ judges f ?is sy/em1 :at he is to expect f ! ,au?or ( nature1 & ) reg>d to a future /ate4 ,i _c =be> /opp+ "h to ask1 :e!r any "o ( common s5se w\ld ?9k fit1 t a *ild %\ld be put ^u ^! speculations1 & be left to apply !m to practice4 ,& a man has little pret5ce to reason1 :o is n s5sible1 t we are all *ildr5 9 speculations ( ?is k9d4 ,h[ev]1 ! *ild w\ld d\btless be highly delight$ to f9d himself fre$ f ! re/ra9ts ( fe> & %ame1 ) :i* 8 play-fell[s 7 fett]$ & emb>rass$2 & highly conceit$ 9 8 sup]ior k1 s f> beyond 8 ye>s4 ,b conceit & vanity w\ld be ! lea/ bad "p ( ! influ5ce1 :i* ^! pr9ciples mu/ h1 :5 ?us reason$ & act$ ^u1 dur+ ! c\rse ( 8 education4 ,he mu/ ei!r be all[$ to g on & be ! plague ( all ab\t him1 & himself too1 ev5 to 8 own de/ruction1 or else correction mu/ be cont9ually made use (1 to supply ! want ( ^? natural p]ceptions ( blame & comm5dation1 :i* we h suppos$ to be remov$2 & to give him a practical impression1 ( :at he _h reason$ himself out ( ! belief (1 t he 0 9 fact an acc\ntable *ild1 & to be puni%$ = do+ :at he 0 =bid4 ,x is !re=e 9 reality impossible1 b t ! correction :i* he mu/ meet )1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 education1 mu/ conv9ce him1 t if ! s*eme he 0 in/ruct$ 9 7 n false1 yet t he reason$ inconclusively ^u x1 & someh[ or o!r misappli$ x to practice & common life2 z :at ! fatali/ exp]i5ces ( ! conduct ( ,provid5ce at pres5t1 ought 9 all reason to conv9ce him1 t ?is s*eme is misappli$1 :5 appli$ to ! subject ( religion4#aje ,b suppos+ ! *ild's temp] c\ld rema9 /ill =m$ to ! sy/em1 & 8 expectation ( ! treatm5t he 0 to h 9 ! _w1 be regulat$ by x2 s z to expect t no reasonable man w\ld blame or puni% him1 = any ?+ :i* he %\ld d1 because he c\ld n help do+ x3 ^u ?is supposition x is manife/ he w\ld1 ^u 8 com+ abroad into ! _w1 be insupportable to society1 & ! treatm5t :i* he w\ld receive f x w\ld r5d] x s to him2 & he c\ld n fail ( do+ some?+ v soon1 = :i* he w\ld be deliv]$ ov] into ! h&s ( civil ju/ice4 ,& ?us1 9 ! end1 he w\ld be conv9c$ ( ! obligations he 0 "u to 8 wise in/ructor4 ,suppose ?is s*eme ( fatality1 9 any o!r way1 appli$ to practice1 su* practical application ( x w be f\nd equally absurd2 equally fallaci\s 9 a practical s5se4 ,= in/ance1 t if a man be de/9$ to live su* a "t1 he %all live to x1 ?\gh he take no c>e ( 8 own pres]vation2 or if he be de/9$ to die be=e t "t1 no c>e c prev5t x1 !re=e all c>e ab\t pres]v+ "o's life is to be neglect$3 :i* is ! fallacy in/anc$ 9 by ! anci5ts4 ,on ! contr>y1 none ( ^! practical absurdities c be drawn f reason+1 ^u ! supposition t we are free2 b all su* reason+ ) reg>d to ! common affairs ( life is ju/ifi$ by exp]i5ce4 ,!re=e1 ?\gh x 7 admitt$ t ?is op9ion ( necessity 7 speculatively true2 yet1 ) reg>d to practice1 x is z if x 7 false1 s f> z our exp]i5ce rea*es3 t is1 to ! :ole ( our pres5t life4 ,=1 ! con/itution ( ! pres5t _w1 & ! condition 9 :i* we are actually plac$1 is1 z if we 7 free4 ,& x may p]haps ju/ly be conclud$1 t s9ce ! :ole process ( action1 ?r\gh e /ep ( x1 susp5se1 delib]ation1 incl9+ "o way1 det]m9+1 & at la/ do+ z we det]m9e1 is z if we 7 free1 !re=e we are s4#ajf ,! ?+ "h insi/$ ^u is1 t "u ! pres5t natural gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 we f9d we are treat$ & dealt )1 z if we 7 free1 prior to all consid]ation :e!r we are s or n4 ,7 ?is op9ion !re=e ( necessity admitt$ to be ev] s true2 yet su* is 9 fact our condition & ! natural c\rse ( ?+s1 t :5ev] we apply x to life & practice1 ?is application ( x always misleads u1 & _c b mislead u1 9 a mo/ dreadful mann]1 ) reg>d to our pres5t int]e/4 ,h[ !n c p ?9k !mselves s v secure1 t ! same application ( ! same op9ion may n mislead !m also1 9 "s analog\s mann]1 ) respect to a future1 a m g5]al1 & m important int]e/8 ,=1 religion be+ a practical subject2 & ! analogy ( nature %[+ u1 t we h n faculties to apply ?is op9ion1 7 x a true "o1 to practical subjects2 :5ev] we d apply x to ! subject ( religion1 & !nce conclude1 t we are free f its obligations1 x is pla9 ?is conclusion _c be dep5d$ ^u4 ,!re w /ill rema9 j reason to ?9k1 :atev] appe>ances are1 t we deceive ourselves2 9 some:at ( a l mann]1 z :5 p fancy !y c draw contradictory conclusions f ! idea ( inf9ity4 ,f ^! ?+s toge!r1 ! att5tive read] w see x foll[s1 t if ^u supposition ( fre$om ! evid5ce ( religion be conclusive1 x rema9s s1 ^u supposition ( necessity1 because ! notion ( necessity is n applicable to practical subjects3 i4e4 ) respect to !m1 is z if x 7 n true4 ,nor does ?is conta9 any reflection ^u reason1 b only ^u :at is unreasonable4 ,= to pret5d to act ^u reason1 9 opposition to practical pr9ciples1 :i* ! ,au?or ( our nature gave u to act ^u2 & to pret5d to apply our reason to subjects1 ) reg>d to :i*1 our own %ort views1 & ev5 our exp]i5ce1 w %[ u1 x _c be dep5d$ ^u2 & su*1 at be/1 ! subject ( necessity mu/ be2 ?is is vanity1 conceit1 & unreasonabl5ess4 ,b ?is is n all4 ,we f9d )9 ourselves a w1 & are consci\s ( a "*4 ,n[ if ?is1 9 u1 be reconcilable ) fate1 x is reconcilable ) x 9 ! ,au?or ( nature4 ,besides1 natural gov]nm5t & f9al causes imply a "* & a w 9 ! ,gov]nor & ,design]2#ajg a w conc]n+ ! creatures :om he gov]ns4 ,! ,au?or ( nature !n be+ c]ta9ly ( "s "* or o!r1 not)/&+ necessity2 x is evid5t ?is necessity is z reconcilable ) ! p>ticul> "* ( b5evol5ce1 v]acity1 & ju/ice1 9 him1 :i* attributes are ! f\ndation ( religion1 z ) any o!r "*3 s9ce we f9d ?is necessity no m h9d]s m5 f be+ b5evol5t1 ?an cruel2 true1 ?an fai?less2 j1 ?an unju/2 or1 if ! fatali/ pleases1 :at we call unju/4 ,x is said inde$1 t :at1 ^u supposition ( fre$om1 w\ld be j puni%m5t1 ^u supposition ( necessity1 becomes manife/ly unju/3 because x is puni%m5t inflict$ = do+ t :i* p]sons c\ld n avoid do+4 ,z if ! necessity1 :i* is suppos$ to de/roy ! inju/ice ( murd]1 = in/ance1 w\ld n also de/roy ! inju/ice ( puni%+ x6 ,h[ev]1 z little to ! purpose z ?is objection is 9 itself1 x is v mu* to ! purpose to obs]ve f x1 h[ ! notions ( ju/ice & inju/ice rema91 ev5 :ile we endeavor to suppose !m remov$2 h[ !y =ce !mselves ^u ! m9d1 ev5 :ile we are mak+ suppositions de/ructive ( !m3 = !re is n1 p]haps1 a man 9 ! _w1 b w\ld be ready to make ?is objection at fir/ ?\ght4 ,b ?\gh x is mo/ evid5t1 t univ]sal necessity1 if x be reconcilable ) any ?+1 is reconcilable ) t "* 9 ! ,au?or ( nature1 :i* is ! f\ndation ( religion2 8,yet1 does x n pla9ly de/roy ! pro( t he is ( t "*1 & consequ5tly ! pro( ( religion80 ,by no means4 ,= we f9d1 t happ9ess & mis]y are n our fate1 9 any su* s5se z n to be ! consequ5ces ( our behavior2 b t !y are ! consequ5ces ( x4#ajh ,we f9d ,god ex]cises ! same k9d ( gov]nm5t ov] u1 :i* a fa!r ex]cises ov] 8 *ildr51 & a civil magi/rate ov] 8 subjects4 ,n[1 :atev] becomes ( ab/ract que/ions conc]n+ lib]ty & necessity1 x evid5tly appe>s to u1 t v]acity & ju/ice mu/ be ! natural rule & measure ( ex]cis+ ?is au?ority or gov]nm5t1 to a ,be+ :o c h no competitions1 or int]f]+ ( int]e/s1 ) 8 creatures & 8 subjects4 ,b z ! doctr9e ( lib]ty1 ?\gh we exp]i5ce its tru?1 may be p]plex$ ) difficulties1 :i* run up into ! mo/ ab/ruse ( all speculations2 & z ! op9ion ( necessity seems to be ! v basis ^u :i* infidelity gr\nds itself2 x may be ( "s use to (f] a m p>ticul> pro( ( ! obligations ( religion1 :i* may di/9ctly be %[n n to be de/roy$ by ?is op9ion4 ,! pro( f f9al causes ( an intellig5t ,au?or ( nature is n affect$ by ! op9ion ( necessity2 suppos+ necessity a ?+ possible 9 itself1 & reconcilable ) ! con/itution ( ?+s4#aji ,x is a matt] ( fact1 indep5d5t on ?is or any o!r speculation1 t he gov]ns ! _w by ! me?od ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts3#aaj & also t he ha? giv5 u a moral faculty1 by :i* we di/+ui% betwe5 actions1 & approve "s z virtu\s & ( good des]t1 & disapprove o!rs z vici\s & ( ill des]t4#aaa ,?is moral disc]nm5t implies1 9 ! notion ( x1 a rule ( action1 & a rule ( a v peculi> k9d3 = x c>ries 9 x au?ority & a "r ( direction2 au?ority 9 su* a s5se1 z t we _c dep>t f x )\t be+ self-condemn$4#aab ,& t ! dictates ( ?is moral faculty1 :i* are by nature a rule to u1 are moreov] ! laws ( ,god1 laws 9 a s5se includ+ sanctions2 may be ?us prov$4 ,consci\sness ( a rule or guide ( action1 9 creatures :o are capable ( consid]+ x z giv5 !m by _! ,mak]1 n only raises imm$iately a s5se ( duty1 b also a s5se ( security 9 foll[+ x1 & ( dang] 9 deviat+ f x4 ,a direction ( ! ,au?or ( nature1 giv5 to creatures capable ( look+ ^u x z su*1 is pla9ly a comm& f him3 & a comm& f him necess>ily includes 9 x1 at lea/1 an implicit promise 9 case ( ob$i5ce1 or ?reat5+ 9 case ( disob$i5ce4 ,b !n ! s5se or p]ception ( good & ill des]t1#aac :i* is conta9$ 9 ! moral disc]nm5t1 r5d]s ! sanction explicit1 & makes x appe>1 z "o may say1 express$4 ,= s9ce 8 me?od ( gov]nm5t is to rew>d & puni% actions1 8 hav+ annex$ to "s actions an insep>able s5se ( good des]t1 & to o!rs ( ill1 ?is surely am\nts to decl>+1 ^u :om 8 puni%m5ts %all be inflict$1 & 8 rew>ds be be/[$4 ,he mu/ h giv5 u ?is disc]nm5t & s5se ( ?+s1 z a pres5tim5t ( :at is to be h]eaft]3 t is1 by way ( in=mation be=eh&1 :at we are f9ally to expect 9 ?is _w4 ,!re is !n mo/ evid5t gr\nd to ?9k1 t ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 ^u ! :ole1 w be f\nd to correspond to ! nature :i* he has giv5 u3 & t1 9 ! up%ot & issue ( ?+s1 happ9ess & mis]y %all1 9 fact & ev5t1 be made to foll[ virtue & vice respectively2 z he has already1 9 s peculi> a mann]1 associat$ ! ideas ( !m 9 our m9ds4 ,& h5ce might easily be d$uc$ ! obligations ( religi\s wor%ip1 7 x only to be consid]$ z a means ( pres]v+ ^u our m9ds a s5se ( ?is moral gov]nm5t ( ,god1 & secur+ our ob$i5ce to x3 :i* yet is an extremely imp]fect view ( t mo/ important duty4 ,no objection f necessity c lie aga9/ ?is g5]al pro( ( religion4 ,none aga9/ ! proposition reason$ ^u1 t we h su* a moral faculty & disc]nm5t2 because ?is is a m]e matt] ( fact1 a ?+ ( exp]i5ce1 t human k9d is ?us con/itut$3 none aga9/ ! conclusion2 because x is imm$iate & :olly f ?is fact4 ,= ! conclusion1 t ,god w f9ally rew>d ! righte\s & puni% ! wick$1 is n "h drawn1 f its appe>+ to u fit#aad t he %\ld2 b f its appe>+1 t he has told u1 he w4 ,& ?is he ha? c]ta9ly told u1 9 ! promise & ?reat5+1 :i* x ha? be5 obs]v$ ! notion ( a comm& implies1 & ! s5se ( good & ill des]t :i* he has giv5 u1 m di/9ctly expresses4 ,?is reason+ f fact is confirm$1 & 9 "s degree ev5 v]ifi$1 by o!r facts2 by ! natural t5d5cies ( virtue & ( vice2#aae & by ?is1 t ,god1 9 ! natural c\rse ( 8 provid5ce1 puni%es vici\s actions z mis*iev\s to society2 & also vici\s actions z su* 9 ! /ricte/ s5se4#aaf ,s t ! g5]al pro( ( religion is unansw]ably real1 ev5 ^u ! wild supposition :i* we are argu+ ^u4 ,x mu/ be obs]v$ fur!r1 t natural religion has1 besides ?is1 an ext]nal evid5ce2 :i* ! doctr9e ( necessity1 if x c\ld be true1 w\ld n affect4 ,= suppose a p]son1 by ! obs]vations & reason+ above1 or by any o!r1 conv9c$ ( ! tru? ( religion2 t !re is a ,god1 :o made ! _w1 :o is ! moral gov]nor & judge ( mank9d1 & w ^u ! :ole deal ) e "o accord+ to 8 works3 ,i say1 suppose a p]son conv9c$ ( ?is by reason1 b to "k no?+ at all ( antiquity1 or ! pres5t /ate ( mank9d3 x w\ld be natural = su* a "o to be inquisitive1 :at 0 ! hi/ory ( ?is sy/em ( doctr9e2 at :at "t1 & 9 :at mann]1 x came fir/ into ! _w2 & :e!r x 7 believ$ by any consid]able "p ( x4 ,7 he ^u inquiry to f9d1 t a p>ticul> p]son1 9 a late age1 fir/ ( all propos$ x1 z a d$uction ( reason1 & t mank9d 7 be=e :olly ignorant ( x2 !n1 ?\gh its evid5ce f reason w\ld rema91 !re w\ld be no additional probability ( its tru?1 f ! acc\nt ( its discov]y4 ,b in/ead ( ?is be+ ! fact1 he w\ld f9d1 on ! contr>y1 :at c\ld n b af=d him a v /rong confirmation ( its tru?3 ,fir/1 ,t some:at ( ?is sy/em1 ) m or few] additions & alt]ations1 ha? be5 pr(ess$ 9 all ages & c\ntries1 ( :i* we h any c]ta9 in=mation relat+ to ?is matt]4 ,secondly1 ,t x is c]ta9 hi/orical fact1 s f> z we c trace ?+s up1 t ?is :ole sy/em ( belief1 t !re is "o ,god1 ! creator & moral gov]nor ( ! _w1 & t mank9d is 9 a /ate ( religion1 0 receiv$ 9 ! fir/ ages4 ,& ,?irdly1 ,t z !re is no h9t or intimation 9 hi/ory1 t ?is sy/em 0 fir/ reason$ out2 s !re is express hi/orical or traditional evid5ce1 z anci5t z hi/ory1 t x 0 taught fir/ by revelation4 ,n[ ^! ?+s mu/ be all[$ to be ( great weight4 ,! fir/ ( !m1 g5]al cons5t1 %[s ?is sy/em to be con=mable to ! common s5se ( mank9d4 ,! second1 namely1 t religion 0 believ$ 9 ! fir/ ages ( ! _w1 especially z x does n appe> t !re 7 !n any sup]/iti\s or false additions to x1 _c b be a fur!r confirmation ( its tru?4 ,= x is a pro( ( ?is alt]native3 ei!r t x came into ! _w by revelation2 or t x is natural1 obvi\s1 & =ces itself ^u ! m9d4 ,! =m] ( ^! is ! conclusion ( le>n$ m54 ,& :oev] w consid]1 h[ unapt = speculation rude & uncultivat$ m9ds are1 w1 p]haps f h5ce alone1 be /rongly incl9$ to believe x ! tru?4 ,& z x is %[n 9 ! second "p#aag ( ?is treatise1 t !re is no?+ ( su* peculi> presumption aga9/ a revelation 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! _w1 z !re is suppos$ to be aga9/ subsequ5t ones2 a sceptic c\ld n1 ,i ?9k1 give any acc\nt1 :i* w\ld appe> m probable ev5 to himself1 ( ! e>ly pret5ces to revelation2 ?an by suppos+ "s real orig9al "o1 f :5ce !y 7 copi$4 ,& ! ?ird ?+ above m5tion$1 t !re is express hi/orical or traditional evid5ce1 z anci5t z hi/ory1 ( ! sy/em ( religion be+ taught mank9d by revelation1 ?is mu/ be admitt$ z "s degree ( real pro(1 t x 0 s taught4 ,= :y %\ld n ! mo/ anci5t tradition be admitt$ z "s additional pro( ( a fact1 aga9/ :i* !re is no presumption8 ,?is pro( is m5tion$ "h1 because x has its weight to %[1 t religion came into ! _w by revelation1 prior to all consid]ation ( ! prop] au?ority ( any book suppos$ to conta9 x2 & ev5 prior to all consid]ation1 :e!r ! revelation itself be uncorruptly h&$ d[n1 or mix$ & d>k5$ ) fables4 ,?us ! hi/orical acc\nt1 :i* we h ( ! orig9 ( religion1 tak+ 9 all circum/ances1 is a real confirmation ( its tru?1 no way affect$ by ! op9ion ( necessity4 ,& ! ext]nal evid5ce1 ev5 ( natural religion1 is by no means inconsid]able4 ,x is c>efully to be obs]v$1 & ought to be recollect$ aft] all pro(s ( virtue & religion1 :i* are only g5]al1 t z speculative reason may be neglect$1 prejudic$1 & deceiv$1 s also may our moral und]/&+ be impair$ & p]v]t$1 & ! dictates ( x n imp>tially att5d$ to4 ,?is inde$ proves no?+ aga9/ ! reality ( our speculative or practical faculties ( p]ception8 aga9/ _! be+ int5d$ by nature1 to in=m u 9 ! !ory ( ?+s1 & in/ruct u h[ we are to behave1 & :at we are to expect 9 consequ5ce ( our behavior4 ,yet our liabl5ess1 9 ! degree we are liable1 to prejudice & p]v]sion1 is a mo/ s]i\s admonition to u to be ^u our gu>d1 ) respect to :at is ( su* consequ5ce1 z our det]m9ations conc]n+ virtue & religion2 & p>ticul>ly n to take cu/om1 & fa%ion1 & slight notions ( honor1 or imag9ations ( pres5t ease1 use1 & conv5i5ce to mank9d1 = ! only moral rule4#aah ,! =ego+ obs]vations1 drawn f ! nature ( ! ?+1 & ! hi/ory ( religion1 am\nt1 :5 tak5 toge!r1 to a real practical pro( ( x1 n to be confut$3 su* a pro( z1 consid]+ ! inf9ite importance ( ! ?+1 ,i appreh5d1 w\ld be admitt$ fully suffici5t1 9 reason1 to influ5ce ! actions ( m51 :o act ^u ?\ght & reflection1 if x 7 admitt$ t !re is no pro( ( ! contr>y4 ,b x may be said2 8,!re are _m probabilities1 :i* _c inde$ be confut$2 i4e4 %[n to be no probabilities1 & yet may be ov]balanc$ by great] probabilities1 on ! o!r side2 mu* m by demon/ration4 ,& !re is no occasion to object aga9/ p>ticul> argum5ts alleg$ = an op9ion1 :5 ! op9ion itself may be cle>ly %[n to be false1 )\t m$dl+ ) su* argum5ts at all1 b leav+ !m j z !y are4#aai ,n[ ! me?od ( gov]nm5t by rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 & especially rew>d+ & puni%+ good & ill des]t z su* respectively1 mu/ g ^u supposition1 t we are free & n necess>y ag5ts4 ,& x is incr$ible1 t ! ,au?or ( nature %\ld gov]n u ^u a supposition z true1 :i* he kn[s to be false2 & !re=e absurd to ?9k1 he w rew>d or puni% u = our actions h]eaft]2 especially t he w d x "u ! notion1 t !y are ( good or ill des]t40 ,"h !n ! matt] is br\ght to a po9t4 ,& ! answ] is full1 & n to be evad$1--viz43 t ! :ole con/itution & c\rse ( ?+s1 ! :ole analogy ( ,provid5ce1 %[s beyond possibility ( d\bt1 t ! conclusion f ?is reason+ is false2 :]ev] ! fallacy lies4 ,! doctr9e ( fre$om inde$ cle>ly %[s :]e3 9 suppos+ ourselves necess>y1 :5 9 tru? we are free ag5ts4 ,b1 ^u ! supposition ( necessity1 ! fallacy lies 9 tak+ = grant$1 t x is incr$ible necess>y ag5ts %\ld be rew>d$ & puni%$4 ,t1 someh[ or o!r1 ! conclusion n[ m5tion$ is false1 is mo/ c]ta94 ,= x is fact1 t ,god does gov]n ev5 brute creatures by ! me?od ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 9 ! natural c\rse ( ?+s4 ,m5 are rew>d$ & puni%$ = _! actions1 puni%$ = actions mis*iev\s to society z be+ s1 puni%$ = vici\s actions z su*2 by ! natural in/rum5tality ( ea* o!r1 "u ! pres5t conduct ( ,provid5ce4 ,nay1 ev5 ! affection ( gratitude1 & ! passion ( res5tm5t1 & ! rew>ds & puni%m5ts foll[+ f !m1 :i* 9 g5]al are to be consid]$ z natural1 i4e4 f ! ,au?or ( nature2 ^! rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 be+ naturally#abj annex$ to actions consid]$ z imply+ good int5tion & good des]t1 ill int5tion & ill des]t2 ^! natural rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 ,i say1 are z mu* a contradiction to ! conclusion above1 & %[ its falsehood1 z a m exact & complete rew>d+ & puni%+ ( good & ill des]t z su*4 ,s t if x be incr$ible1 t necess>y ag5ts %\ld be ?us rew>d$ & puni%$2 !n1 m5 are n necess>y b free2 s9ce x is matt] ( fact1 t !y are ?us rew>d$ & puni%$4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 :i* is ! supposition we h be5 argu+ ^u1 x be insi/$ t m5 are necess>y ag5ts2 !n1 !re is no?+ incr$ible 9 ! fur!r supposition ( necess>y ag5ts be+ ?us rew>d$ & puni%$3 s9ce we ourselves are ?us dealt )4 ,f ! :ole !re=e x mu/ foll[1 t a necessity suppos$ possible1 & reconcilable ) ! con/itution ( ?+s1 does 9 no sort prove t ! ,au?or ( ,nature w n1 nor de/roy ! pro( t he w1 f9ally & ^u ! :ole1 9 8 et]nal gov]nm5t1 r5d] 8 creatures happy or mis]able1 by "s means or o!r1 z !y behave well or ill4 ,or1 to express ?is conclusion 9 words con=mable to ! title ( ! *apt]1 ! analogy ( nature %[s u1 t ! op9ion ( necessity1 consid]$ z practical1 is false4 ,& if necessity1 ^u ! supposition above m5tion$1 do? n de/roy ! pro( ( natural religion1 x evid5tly makes no alt]ation 9 ! pro( ( reveal$4 ,f ^! ?+s likewise we may le>n1 9 :at s5se to und]/& t g5]al ass]tion1 t ! op9ion ( necessity is ess5tially de/ructive ( all religion4 ,fir/1 9 a practical s5se2 t by ?is notion1 a!i/ical m5 pret5d to satisfy & enc\rage !mselves 9 vice1 & ju/ify to o!rs _! disreg>d to all religion4 ,& secondly1 9 ! /ricte/ s5se2 t x is a contradiction to ! :ole con/itution ( nature1 & to :at we may e mom5t exp]i5ce 9 ourselves1 & s ov]turns e ?+4 ,b by no means is ?is ass]tion to be und]/ood1 z if necessity1 suppos+ x c\ld possibly be reconcil$ ) ! con/itution ( ?+s1 & ) :at we exp]i5ce1 7 n also reconcilable ) religion3 = ^u ?is supposition1 x demon/rably is s4#aba ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,gov]nm5t ,,( ,,god1 ,,consid]$ ,,z ,a ,,s*eme ,,or ,,con/itution1 ,,imp]fectly ,,compreh5d$4 ,?\gh x be ackn[l$g$1 z x _c b be1 t ! analogy ( nature gives a /rong cr$ibility to ! g5]al doctr9e ( religion1 & to ! sev]al p>ticul> ?+s conta9$ 9 x1 consid]$ z s _m matt]s ( fact2 & likewise t x %[s ?is cr$ibility n to be de/roy$ by any notions ( necessity3 /ill1 objections may be insi/$ ^u1 aga9/ ! wisdom1 equity1 & goodness ( ! div9e gov]nm5t impli$ 9 ! notion ( religion1 & aga9/ ! me?od by :i* ?is gov]nm5t is conduct$2 to :i* objections analogy c be no direct answ]4 ,= ! cr$ibility1 or ! c]ta9 tru?1 ( a matt] ( fact1 does n imm$iately prove any ?+ conc]n+ ! wisdom or goodness ( x2 & analogy c d no m1 imm$iately or directly1 ?an %[ su* & su* ?+s to be true or cr$ible1 consid]$ only z matt]s ( fact4 ,b if1 ^u supposition ( a moral con/itution ( nature & a moral gov]nm5t ov] x1 analogy sugge/s & makes x cr$ible1 t ?is gov]nm5t mu/ be a s*eme1 sy/em1 or con/itution ( gov]nm5t1 z di/+ui%$ f a numb] ( s+le unconnect$ acts ( di/ributive ju/ice & goodness2 & likewise1 t x mu/ be a s*eme1 s imp]fectly compreh5d$1 & ( su* a sort 9 o!r respects1 z to af=d a direct g5]al answ] to all objections aga9/ ! ju/ice & goodness ( x3 !n analogy is1 remotely1 ( great s]vice 9 answ]+ ^? objections2 bo? by sugge/+ ! answ]1 & %[+ x to be a cr$ible "o4 ,n[ ?is1 ^u inquiry1 w be f\nd to be ! case4 ,=1 ,fir/1 ,^u supposition t ,god ex]cises a moral gov]nm5t ov] ! _w1 ! analogy ( 8 natural gov]nm5t sugge/s & makes x cr$ible1 t 8 moral gov]nm5t mu/ be a s*eme1 q beyond our compreh5sion3 & ?is af=ds a g5]al answ] to all objections aga9/ ! ju/ice & goodness ( x4 ,secondly1 ,a m di/9ct obs]vation ( "s p>ticul> ?+s conta9$ 9 ,god's s*eme ( natural gov]nm5t1 ! l ?+s be+ suppos$1 by analogy1 to be conta9$ 9 8 moral gov]nm5t1 w fur!r %[1 h[ little weight is to be laid ^u ^! objections4 ,i4 ,^u supposition t ,god ex]cises a moral gov]nm5t ov] ! _w1 ! analogy ( 8 natural gov]nm5t sugge/s & makes x cr$ible1 t 8 moral gov]nm5t mu/ be a s*eme1 q beyond our compreh5sion2 & ?is af=ds a g5]al answ] to all objections aga9/ ! ju/ice & goodness ( x4 ,x is mo/ obvi\s1 analogy r5d]s x highly cr$ible1 t1 ^u supposition ( a moral gov]nm5t1 x mu/ be a s*eme4 ,= ! _w1 & ! :ole natural gov]nm5t ( x1 appe>s to be s3 to be a s*eme1 sy/em1 or con/itution1 ^: p>ts correspond to ea* o!r1 & to a :ole1 z really z any "w ( art1 or z any p>ticul> model ( a civil con/itution & gov]nm5t4 ,9 ?is great s*eme ( ! natural _w1 individuals h v>i\s peculi> relations to o!r individuals ( _! own species4 ,:ole species are1 we f9d1 v>i\sly relat$ to o!r species1 ^u ?is e>?4 ,nor d we "k1 h[ mu* fur!r ^! k9ds ( relations may ext5d4 ,&1 z !re is n any action or natural ev5t1 :i* we are acqua9t$ )1 s s+le & unconnect$1 z n to h a respect to "s o!r actions & ev5ts2 s possibly ea* ( !m1 :5 x has n an imm$iate1 may yet h a remote1 natural relation to o!r actions & ev5ts1 mu* beyond ! compass ( ?is pres5t _w4 ,!re seems inde$ no?+1 f :5ce we c s mu* z make a conjecture1 :e!r all creatures1 actions1 & ev5ts1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( nature1 h relations to ea* o!r ,b1 z x is obvi\s1 t all ev5ts h future unkn[n consequ5ces2 s if we trace any ev5t1 z f> z we c1 into :at is connect$ ) x1 we %all f9d1 t if x 7 n connect$ ) some?+ fur!r 9 nature1 unkn[n to u1 some?+ bo? pa/ & pres5t1 su* ev5t c\ld n possibly h be5 at all4 ,nor c we give ! :ole acc\nt ( any "o ?+ :atev]2 ( all its causes1 ends1 & necess>y adjuncts2 ^? adjuncts1 ,i mean1 )\t :i* x c\ld n h be54 ,by ?is mo/ a/oni%+ connection1 ^! reciprocal correspond5ces & mutual relations1 e ?+ :i* we see 9 ! c\rse ( nature is actually br\ght ab\t4 ,?+s seem+ly ! mo/ insignificant imag9able1 are p]petually obs]v$ to be necess>y conditions to o!r ?+s ( ! greate/ importance2 s t any "o ?+ :atev]1 may = aught we "k to ! contr>y1 be a necess>y condition to any o!r4 ,! natural _w !n1 & natural gov]nm5t ( x1 be+ su* an incompreh5sible s*eme2 s incompreh5sible1 t a man mu/1 really 9 ! lit]al s5se1 "k no?+ at all1 :o is n s5sible ( 8 ignorance 9 x2 ?is imm$iately sugge/s1 & /rongly %[s ! cr$ibility1 t ! moral _w & gov]nm5t ( x may be s too4#abb ,inde$ ! natural & moral con/itution & gov]nm5t ( ! _w are s connect$1 z to make up toge!r b "o s*eme3 & x is highly probable1 t ! fir/ is =m$ & c>ri$ on m]ely 9 subs]vi5cy to ! latt]2 z ! vegetable _w is = ! animal1 & organiz$ bodies = m9ds4 ,b ! ?+ int5d$ "h is1 )\t inquir+ h[ f> ! adm9i/ration ( ! natural _w is subord9ate to t ( ! moral1 only to obs]ve ! cr$ibility1 t "o %\ld be analog\s or simil> to ! o!r3 t !re=e e act ( div9e ju/ice & goodness may be suppos$ to look mu* beyond itself1 & its imm$iate object2 may h "s ref]5ce to o!r p>ts ( ,god's moral adm9i/ration1 & to a g5]al moral plan2 & t e circum/ance ( ?is 8 moral gov]nm5t may be adju/$ be=eh& ) a view to ! :ole ( x4 ,= example3 ! det]m9$ l5g? ( "t1 & ! degrees & ways1 9 :i* virtue is to rema9 9 a /ate ( w>f>e & discipl9e1 & 9 :i* wick$ness is p]mitt$ to h its progress2 ! times appo9t$ = ! execution ( ju/ice2 ! appo9t$ in/rum5ts ( x2 ! k9ds ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 & ! mann]s ( _! di/ribution2 all p>ticul> in/ances ( div9e ju/ice & goodness1 & e circum/ance ( !m1 may h su* respects to ea* o!r1 z to make up altoge!r a :ole1 connect$ & relat$ 9 all its p>ts2 a s*eme or sy/em1 :i* is z prop]ly su*1 z ! natural _w is1 & ( ! l k9d4 ,suppos+ ?is to be ! case1 x is mo/ evid5t1 t we are n compet5t judges ( ?is s*eme1 f ! small p>ts ( x :i* come )9 our view 9 ! pres5t life3 !re=e no objections aga9/ any ( ^! p>ts c be insi/$ ^u by reasonable m54#abc ,?is our ignorance1 & ! consequ5ce "h drawn f x1 are univ]sally ackn[l$g$ ^u o!r occasions2 & ?\gh sc>ce d5i$1 yet are univ]sally =got1 :5 p]sons come to argue aga9/ religion4 ,& x is n p]haps easy1 ev5 = ! mo/ reasonable m51 always to be> 9 m9d ! degree ( our ignorance1 & make due all[ances = x4 ,^u ^! acc\nts1 x may n be useless to g a little fur!r1 9 ord] to %[ m di/9ctly1 h[ j an answ] our ignorance is1 to objections aga9/ ! s*eme ( ,provid5ce4 ,suppose !n a p]son boldly to ass]t1#abd t ! ?+s compla9$ (1 ! orig9 & cont9uance ( evil1 might easily h be5 prev5t$ by repeat$ int]positions2#abe int]positions s gu>d$ & circum/anc$1 z w\ld preclude all mis*ief aris+ f !m4 ,or1 if ?is 7 impracticable1 t a s*eme ( gov]nm5t is itself an imp]fection1 s9ce m good might h be5 produc$1 )\t any s*eme1 sy/em1 or con/itution at all1 by cont9u$ s+le unrelat$ acts ( di/ributive ju/ice & goodness2 because ^! w\ld h occasion$ no irregul>ities4 ,f>!r ?an ?is1 x is presum$1 ! objections w n be c>ri$4 ,yet ! answ] is obvi\s3 t 7 ^! ass]tions true1 /ill ! obs]vations above1 conc]n+ our ignorance 9 ! s*eme ( div9e gov]nm5t & ! consequ5ce drawn f x1 w\ld hold1 9 great measure2 en\gh to v9dicate religion1 aga9/ all objections f ! disord]s ( ! pres5t /ate4 ,7 ^! ass]tions true1 yet ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w might be j & good not)/&+2 =1 at ! mo/1 !y w\ld inf] no?+ m ?an t x might h be5 bett]4 ,b !y are m]e arbitr>y ass]tions2 no man be+ suffici5tly acqua9t$ ) ! possibilities ( ?+s1 to br+ any pro( ( !m to ! l[e/ degree ( probability4 ,= h[ev] possible :at is ass]t$ may seem1 yet _m in/ances may be alleg$1 9 ?+s mu* less out ( our rea*1 ( suppositions absolutely impossible1 & r$ucible to ! mo/ palpable self contradictions1 :i*1 n e "o w\ld p]ceive to be su*2 nor p]haps any "o1 at fir/ sight suspect4 ,f ^! ?+s1 x is easy to see di/9ctly1 h[ our ignorance1 z x is ! common1 s x is really a satisfactory answ]1 to all objections aga9/ ! ju/ice & goodness ( ,provid5ce4 ,if a man1 contemplat+ any "o provid5tial disp5sation1 :i* _h no relation to any o!rs1 %\ld object1 t he disc]n$ 9 x a disreg>d to ju/ice1 or a defici5cy ( goodness2 no?+ w\ld be less an answ] to su* objection1 ?an our ignorance 9 o!r p>ts ( provid5ce1 or 9 ! possibilities ( ?+s1 no way relat$ to :at he 0 contemplat+4 ,b :5 we "k n b ! "p object$ aga9/ may be relative to o!r p>ts unkn[n to u2 & :5 we are unacqua9t$ ) :at is1 9 ! nature ( ! ?+1 practicable 9 ! case be=e u2 !n our ignorance is a satisfactory answ]2 because1 "s unkn[n relation1 or "s unkn[n impossibility1 may r5d] :at is object$ aga9/1 j & good2 nay good 9 ! highe/ practicable degree4 ,,ii4 ,h[ little weight is to be laid ^u su* objections1 w fur!r appe>1 by a m di/9ct obs]vation ( "s p>ticul> ?+s conta9$ 9 ! natural gov]nm5t ( ,god1 ! l to :i* may be suppos$1 f analogy1 to be conta9$ 9 8 moral gov]nm5t4 ,fir/1 ,z 9 ! s*eme ( ! natural _w1 no ends appe> to be accompli%$ )\t means3 s we f9d t means v undesirable1 (t5 conduce to br+ ab\t ends 9 su* a measure desirable1 z greatly to ov]balance ! disagreeabl5ess ( ! means4 ,& 9 cases :]e su* means are conducive to su* ends1 x is n reason1 b exp]i5ce1 :i* %[s u1 t !y are ?us conducive4 ,exp]i5ce also %[s _m means to be conducive & necess>y to accompli% ends1 :i* means1 be=e exp]i5ce1 we %\ld h ?\ght1 w\ld h _h ev5 a contr>y t5d5cy4 ,f ^! obs]vations relat+ to ! natural s*eme ( ! _w1 ! moral be+ suppos$ analog\s to x1 arises a great cr$ibility1 t ! putt+ our mis]y 9 ea* o!r's p[] to ! degree x is1 & mak+ m5 liable to vice to ! degree we are2 & 9 g5]al1 t ^? ?+s :i* are object$ aga9/ ! moral s*eme ( ,provid5ce1 may be1 ^u ! :ole1 fri5dly & assi/ant to virtue1 & productive ( an ov]balance ( happ9ess3 i4e4 ! ?+s object$ aga9/ may be means1 by :i* an ov]balance ( good1 w 9 ! end1 be f\nd produc$4 ,& f ! same obs]vations1 x appe>s to be no presumption aga9/ ?is1 t we d n1 if inde$ we d n1 see ^? means to h any su* t5d5cy1 or t !y seem to u to h a contr>y "o4 ,?us ^? ?+s1 :i* we call irregul>ities1 may n be s at all2 because !y may be means ( accompli%+ wise & good ends m consid]able4 ,x may be add$1 z above1 t !y may also be ! only means1 by :i* ^! wise & good ends are capable ( be+ accompli%$4 ,x may be prop] to add1 9 ord] to obviate an absurd & wick$ conclusion f any ( ^! obs]vations1 t ?\gh ! con/itution ( our nature1 f :5ce we are capable ( vice & mis]y1 may1 z x und\bt$ly does1 contribute to ! p]fection & happ9ess ( ! _w2 & ?\gh ! actual p]mission ( evil may be b5eficial to x3 7i4e4 x w\ld h be5 m mis*iev\s1 n t a wick$ p]son _h himself ab/a9$ f 8 own wick$ness1 b t any "o _h =cibly prev5t$ x1 ?an t x 0 p]mitt$37 yet not)/&+1 x might h be5 mu* bett] = ! _w1 if ?is v evil _h nev] be5 done4 ,nay x is mo/ cle>ly conceivable1 t ! v commission ( wick$ness may be b5eficial to ! _w1 & yet1 t x w\ld be inf9itely m b5eficial = m5 to refra9 f x4 ,= ?us1 9 ! wise & good con/itution ( ! natural _w1 !re are disord]s :i* br+ _! own cures2 diseases1 :i* are !mselves rem$ies4 ,_m a man w\ld h di$1 _h x n be5 = ! g\t or a fev]2 yet x w\ld be ?\ght madness to ass]t1 t sickness is a bett] or m p]fect /ate ?an heal?2 ?\gh ! l1 ) reg>d to ! moral _w1 has be5 ass]t$4 ,secondly1 ,! natural gov]nm5t ( ! _w is c>ri$ on by g5]al laws4 ,= ?is !re may be wise & good reasons3 ! wise/ & be/1 = aught we "k to ! contr>y4 ,& t !re are su* reasons1 is sugge/$ to our ?\ghts by ! analogy ( nature2 by our be+ made to exp]i5ce good ends to be accompli%$1 z inde$ all ! good :i* we enjoy is accompli%$1 by ?is means1--viz43 t ! laws1 by :i* ! _w is gov]n$1 are g5]al4 ,we h sc>ce any k9d ( enjoym5ts1 b :at we are1 9 "s way or o!r1 in/rum5tal 9 procur+ ourselves1 by act+ 9 a mann] :i* we =esee likely to procure !m3 n[ ?is =esight c\ld n be at all1 7 n ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w c>ri$ on by g5]al laws4 ,& ?\gh1 = aught we "k to ! contr>y1 e s+le case may be1 at l5g?1 f\nd to h be5 provid$ = ev5 by ^!3 yet to prev5t all irregul>ities1 or rem$y !m z !y arise1 by ! wise/ & be/ g5]al laws1 may be impossible 9 ! nature ( ?+s2 z we see x is absolutely impossible 9 civil gov]nm5t4 ,b !n we are ready to ?9k1 t1 ! con/itution ( nature rema9+ z x is1 & ! c\rse ( ?+s be+ p]mitt$ to g on1 9 o!r respects1 z x does1 !re might be int]positions to prev5t irregul>ities2 ?\gh !y c\ld n h be5 prev5t$1 or rem$i$ by any g5]al laws4 ,!re w\ld inde$ be reason to wi%1 :i*1 by-!-way1 is v diff]5t f a "r to claim1 t all irregul>ities 7 prev5t$ or rem$i$ by pres5t int]positions1 if ^! int]positions w\ld h no o!r effect ?an ?is4 ,b x is pla9 !y w\ld h "s visible & imm$iate bad effects3 = in/ance1 !y w\ld enc\rage idl5ess & neglig5ce2 & !y w\ld r5d] d\btful ! natural rule ( life1 :i* is asc]ta9$ by ?is v ?+1 t ! c\rse ( ! _w is c>ri$ on by g5]al laws4 ,& fur!r1 x is c]ta9 !y w\ld h di/ant effects1 & v great ones too2 by means ( ! wond]ful connections be=e m5tion$4#abf ,s t we _c s mu* z guess1 :at w\ld be ! :ole result ( ! int]positions desir$4 ,x may be said1 any bad result might be prev5t$ by fur!r int]positions1 :5ev] !re 0 occasion = !m3 b ?is aga9 is talk+ q at r&om1 & 9 ! d>k4#abg ,^u ! :ole !n1 we see wise reasons1 :y ! c\rse ( ! _w %\ld be c>ri$ on by g5]al laws1 & good ends accompli%$ by ?is means3 & = aught we "k1 !re may be ! wise/ reasons = x1 & ! be/ ends accompli%$ by x4 ,we h no gr\nd to believe1 t all irregul>ities c\ld be rem$i$ z !y arise1 or c\ld h be5 preclud$1 by g5]al laws4 ,we f9d t int]positions w\ld produce evil1 & prev5t good3 &1 = aught we "k1 !y w\ld produce great] evil ?an !y w\ld prev5t2 & prev5t great] good ?an !y w\ld produce4 ,& if ?is be ! case1 !n ! n int]pos+ is s f> f be+ a gr\nd ( compla9t1 t x is an in/ance ( goodness4 ,?is is intelligible & suffici5t3 & go+ fur!r1 seems beyond ! utmo/ rea* ( our faculties4 ,x may be said1 t 8aft] all1 ^! suppos$ impossibilities & relations are :at we are unacqua9t$ )2 & we mu/ judge ( religion1 z ( o!r ?+s1 by :at we d "k1 & look ^u ! re/ z no?+3 or h[ev]1 t ! answ]s "h giv5 to :at is object$ aga9/ religion1 may equally be made use ( to invalidate ! pro( ( x2 s9ce _! /ress lies s v mu* ^u our ignorance40 ,b1 ,fir/1 ,?\gh total ignorance 9 any matt] does inde$ equally de/roy1 or r preclude1 all pro( conc]n+ x1 & objections aga9/ x2 yet p>tial ignorance does n4 ,= we may 9 any degree be conv9c$1 t a p]son is ( su* a "*1 & consequ5tly w pursue su* ends2 ?\gh we are greatly ignorant1 :at is ! prop] way ( act+1 9 ord] ! mo/ effectually to obta9 ^? ends3 & 9 ?is case1 objections aga9/ 8 mann] ( act+1 z seem+ly n conducive to obta9 !m1 might be answ]$ by our ignorance2 ?\gh ! pro( t su* ends 7 int5d$1 might n at all be invalidat$ by x4 ,?us1 ! pro( ( religion is a pro( ( ! moral "* ( ,god1 & consequ5tly t 8 gov]nm5t is moral1 & t e "o ^u ! :ole %all receive accord+ to 8 des]ts2 a pro( t ?is is ! design$ end ( 8 gov]nm5t4 ,b we are n compet5t judges1 :at is ! prop] way ( act+1 9 ord] ! mo/ effectually to accompli% ?is end4#abh ,!re=e our ignorance is an answ] to objections aga9/ ! conduct ( ,provid5ce1 9 p]mitt+ irregul>ities1 z seem+ contradictory to ?is end4 ,n[1 s9ce x is s obvi\s1 t our ignorance may be a satisfactory answ] to objections aga9/ a ?+1 & yet n affect ! pro( ( x2 till x c be %[n1 x is frivol\s to ass]t1 t our ignorance invalidates ! pro( ( religion1 z x does ! objections aga9/ x4 ,secondly1 ,suppose unkn[n impossibilities1 & unkn[n relations1 might ju/ly be urg$ to invalidate ! pro( ( religion1 z well z to answ] objections aga9/ x2 & t1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 ! pro( ( x 7 d\btful4 ,/ill1 let ! ass]tion be despis$1 or let x be ridicul$1 x is und5iably true1 t moral obligations w\ld rema9 c]ta91 ?\gh x 7 n c]ta9 :at w\ld1 ^u ! :ole1 be ! consequ5ces ( obs]v+ or violat+ !m4 ,=1 ^! obligations arise1 imm$iately & necess>ily1 f ! judgm5t ( our own m9d1 unless p]v]t$1 :i* we _c violate )\t be+ self-condemn$4 ,& !y w\ld be c]ta9 too1 f consid]ations ( int]e/4 ,= ?\gh x 7 d\btful1 :at w be ! future consequ5ces ( virtue & vice2 yet x is1 h[ev]1 cr$ible1 t !y may h ^? consequ5ces1 :i* religion tea*es u !y w3 & ?is cr$ibility is a c]ta9#abi obligation 9 po9t ( prud5ce1 to ab/a9 f all wick$ness1 & to live 9 ! consci5ti\s practice ( all t is good4 ,?irdly1 ,! answ]s above giv5 to ! objections aga9/ religion _c be made use ( to invalidate ! pro( ( x4 ,=1 ^u suspicion t ,god ex]cises a moral gov]nm5t ov] ! _w1 analogy does mo/ /rongly lead u to conclude1 t ?is moral gov]nm5t mu/ be a s*eme1 or con/itution1 beyond our compreh5sion4 ,a ?\s& p>ticul> analogies %[ u1 t p>ts ( su* a s*eme1 f _! relation to o!r p>ts1 may conduce to accompli% ends1 :i* we %\ld h ?\ght !y _h no t5d5cy to accompli%3 nay ends1 :i* be=e exp]i5ce1 we %\ld h ?\ght su* p>ts 7 contradictory to1 & _h a t5d5cy to prev5t4 ,!re=e all ^! analogies %[1 t ! way ( argu+ made use ( 9 object+ aga9/ religion is delusive3 because !y %[ x is n at all incr$ible1 t1 c\ld we compreh5d ! :ole1 we %\ld f9d ! p]mission ( ! disord]s object$ aga9/ to be consi/5t ) ju/ice & goodness2 & ev5 to be in/ances ( !m4 ,n[ ?is is n applicable to ! pro( ( religion1 z x is to ! objections aga9/ x2#acj & !re=e _c invalidate t pro(1 z x does ^! objections4 ,la/ly1 ,f ! obs]vation n[ made1 x is easy to see1 t ! answ]s above giv5 to ! objections aga9/ ,provid5ce1 ?\gh1 9 a g5]al way ( speak+1 !y may be said to be tak5 f our ignorance2 yet are by no means tak5 m]ely f t1 b f some?+ :i* analogy %[s u conc]n+ x4 ,= analogy %[s u positively1 t our ignorance 9 ! possibilities ( ?+s1 & ! v>i\s relations 9 nature1 r5d]s u incompet5t judges1 & leads u to false conclusions1 9 cases simil> to ?is1 9 :i* we pret5d to judge & to object4 ,s t ! ?+s above insi/$ ^u are n m]e suppositions ( unkn[n impossibilities & relations3 b !y are sugge/$ to our ?\ghts1 & ev5 =c$ ^u ! obs]vation ( s]i\s m51 & r5d]$ cr$ible too1 by ! analogy ( nature4 ,!re=e to take ^! ?+s into ! acc\nt1 is to judge by exp]i5ce & :at we d "k3 & x is n judg+ s1 to take no notice ( !m4 ,,conclusion4 ,! obs]vations ( ! la/ *apt] lead u to consid] ?is little sc5e ( human life1 9 :i* we are s busily engag$1 z hav+ a ref]5ce1 ( "s sort or o!r1 to a mu* l>g] plan ( ?+s4 ,:e!r we are1 any way1 relat$ to ! m di/ant p>ts ( ! b\ndless univ]se1 into :i* we are br\ght1 is altoge!r unc]ta94 ,b x is evid5t1 t ! c\rse ( ?+s1 :i* comes )9 our view1 is connect$ ) "s ?+s1 pa/1 pres5t1 & future1 beyond x4#aca ,s t we are plac$1 z "o may speak1 9 ! middle ( a s*eme1 n fix$ b progressive1 e way incompreh5sible3 incompreh5sible1 9 a mann] equally1 ) respect to :at has be51 :at n[ is1 & :at %all be4 ,?is s*eme _c b conta9 9 x "s ?+s z wond]ful1 & z mu* beyond our ?\ght & conception1#acb z any ?+ 9 t ( religion4 ,=1 w any man 9 8 s5ses say1 t x is less difficult to conceive1 h[ ! _w came to be & to cont9ue z x is1 )\t1 ?an )1 an intellig5t ,au?or & ,gov]nor ( x8 ,or1 admitt+ an intellig5t ,gov]nor ( x1 t !re is "s o!r rule ( gov]nm5t m natural1 & ( easi] conception1 ?an t :i* we call moral8 ,inde$1 )\t an intellig5t ,au?or & ,gov]nor ( nature1 no acc\nt at all c be giv51 h[ ?is univ]se1 or ! "p ( x p>ticul>ly 9 :i* we are conc]n$1 came to be1 & ! c\rse ( x to be c>ri$ on1 z x is3 nor any1 ( its g5]al end & design1 )\t a moral gov]nor ( x4 ,t !re is an intellig5t ,au?or ( nature1 & natural ,gov]nor ( ! _w1 is a pr9ciple gone ^u 9 ! =ego+ treatise2 z prov$1 & g5]ally kn[n1 & confess$ to be prov$4 ,& ! v notion ( an intellig5t ,au?or ( nature1 prov$ by p>ticul> f9al causes1 implies a w & a "*4#acc ,n[1 z our :ole nature1 ! nature :i* he has giv5 u1 leads u to conclude 8 w & "* to be moral1 j1 & good3 s we c sc>ce 9 imag9ation conceive1 :at x c be o!rwise4 ,h[ev]1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is 8 w & "*1 :atev] x be1 he =m$ ! univ]se z x is1 & c>ries on ! c\rse ( x z he does1 r ?an 9 any o!r mann]2 & has assign$ to u1 & to all liv+ creatures1 a "p & a lot 9 x4 ,irrational creatures act ?is _! "p1 & enjoy & und]go ! pleasures & ! pa9s allott$ !m1 )\t any reflection4 ,b "o w\ld ?9k x impossible1 t creatures endu$ ) reason c\ld avoid reflect+ sometimes ^u all ?is2 reflect+1 if n f :5ce we came1 yet1 at lea/1 :i!r we are go+2 & :at ! my/]i\s s*eme1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* we f9d ourselves1 w1 at l5g?1 come out & produce3 a s*eme 9 :i* x is c]ta9 we are highly int]e/$1 & 9 :i* we may be int]e/$ ev5 beyond conception4#acd ,= _m ?+s prove x palpably absurd to conclude1 t we %all cease to be1 at dea?4 ,p>ticul> analogies d mo/ s5sibly %[ u1 t !re is no?+ to be ?\ght /range1 9 our be+ to exi/ 9 ano!r /ate ( life4 ,& t we are n[ liv+ be+s1 af=ds a /rong probability t we %all cont9ue s2 unless !re be "s positive gr\nd1 & !re is none f reason or analogy1 to ?9k dea? w de/roy u4 ,7 a p]suasion ( ?is k9d ev] s well gr\nd$1 !re w\ld1 surely1 be little reason to take pleasure 9 x4 ,inde$ x c h no o!r gr\nd1 ?an "s su* imag9ation1 z t ( our gross bodies be+ ourselves2 :i* is contr>y to exp]i5ce4 ,exp]i5ce too mo/ cle>ly %[s u ! folly ( conclud+1 f ! body & ! liv+ ag5t affect+ ea* o!r mutually1 t ! dissolution ( ! =m] is ! de/ruction ( ! latt]4 ,& !re are rem>kable in/ances ( _! n affect+ ea* o!r1 :i* lead u to a contr>y conclusion4 ,! supposition1 !n1 :i* 9 all reason we are to g ^u1 is1 t our liv+ nature w cont9ue aft] dea?4 ,& x is inf9itely unreasonable to =m an in/itution ( life1 or to act1 ^u any o!r supposition4 ,all expectation ( immortality1 :e!r m or less c]ta91 op5s an unb\nd$ prospect to our hopes & our fe>s3 s9ce we see ! con/itution ( nature is su*1 z to admit ( mis]y1 z well z to be productive ( happ9ess1 & exp]i5ce ourselves to p>take ( bo? 9 "s degree2 & s9ce we _c b "k1 :at high] degrees ( bo? we are capable (4 ,& !re is no presumption aga9/ believ+ fur!r1 t our future int]e/ dep5ds ^u our pres5t behavior3 = we see our pres5t int]e/ do?2 & t ! happ9ess & mis]y1 :i* are naturally annex$ to our actions1 v frequ5tly d n foll[1 till long aft] ! actions are done1 to :i* !y are respectively annex$4 ,s t 7 speculation to leave u unc]ta91 :e!r x 7 likely1 t ! ,au?or ( nature1 9 giv+ happ9ess & mis]y to 8 creatures1 ha? reg>d to _! actions or n1 yet1 s9ce we f9d by exp]i5ce t he ha? su* reg>d1 ! :ole s5se ( ?+s :i* he has giv5 u1 pla9ly leads u1 at once & )\t any elaborate inquiries1 to ?9k t x may1 inde$ mu/1 be to good actions *iefly t he ha? annex$ happ9ess1 & to bad actions mis]y2 or t he w1 ^u ! :ole1 rew>d ^? :o d well1 & puni% ^? :o d evil4 ,to confirm ?is f ! con/itution ( ! _w1 x has be5 obs]v$1 t "s sort ( moral gov]nm5t is necess>ily impli$ 9 t natural gov]nm5t ( ,god1 :i* we exp]i5ce ourselves "u2 t good & bad actions1 at pres5t1 are naturally rew>d$ & puni%$1 n only z b5eficial & mis*iev\s to society1 b also z virtu\s & vici\s3 & t !re is1 9 ! v nature ( ! ?+1 a t5d5cy to _! be+ rew>d$ & puni%$ 9 a mu* high] degree ?an !y are at pres5t4 ,& ?\gh ?is high] degree ( di/ributive ju/ice1 :i* nature ?us po9ts out & leads t[>ds1 is prev5t$ = a "t f tak+ place2 x is by ob/acles1 :i* ! /ate ( ?is _w unhappily ?r[s 9 its way1 & :i* !re=e are 9 _! nature tempor>y4 ,n[1 z ^! ?+s 9 ! natural conduct ( ,provid5ce are obs]vable on ! side ( virtue2 s !re is no?+ to be set aga9/ !m on ! side ( vice4 ,a moral s*eme ( gov]nm5t !n is visibly e/abli%$1 &1 9 "s degree1 c>ri$ into execution3 & ?is1 toge!r ) ! ess5tial t5d5cies ( virtue & vice duly consid]$1 naturally raise 9 u an appreh5sion1 t x w be c>ri$ on fur!r t[>ds p]fection 9 a future /ate1 & t e "o %all !re receive accord+ to 8 des]ts4 ,& if ?is be s1 !n our future & g5]al int]e/1 "u ! moral gov]nm5t ( ,god1 is appo9t$ to dep5d ^u our behavior2 not)/&+ ! difficulty1 :i* ?is may occasion1 ( secur+ x1 & ! dang] ( los+ x3 j 9 ! same mann] z our temporal int]e/1 "u 8 natural gov]nm5t1 is appo9t$ to dep5d ^u our behavior2 not)/&+ ! l difficulty & dang]4 ,=1 f our orig9al con/itution1 & t ( ! _w :i* we inhabit1 we are naturally tru/$ ) ourselves2 ) our own conduct & our own int]e/4 ,& f ! same con/itution ( nature1 especially jo9$ ) t c\rse ( ?+s :i* is ow+ to m51 we h temptations to be unfai?ful 9 ?is tru/2 to =feit ?is int]e/1 to neglect x1 & run ourselves into mis]y & ru94 ,f ^! temptations arise ! difficulties ( behav+ s z to secure our temporal int]e/1 & ! haz>d ( behav+ s z to misc>ry 9 x4 ,!re is !re=e no?+ incr$ible 9 suppos+ !re may be ! l difficulty & haz>d ) reg>d to t *ief & f9al good1 :i* religion lays be=e u4 ,! :ole acc\nt1 h[ x came to pass t we 7 plac$ 9 su* a condition z ?is1 mu/ inde$ be beyond our compreh5sion4 ,b x is 9 "p acc\nt$ = by :at religion tea*es u1 t ! "* ( virtue & piety mu/ be a necess>y qualification = a future /ate ( security & happ9ess1 "u ! moral gov]nm5t ( ,god2 9 l mann]1 z "s c]ta9 qualifications or o!r are necess>y = e p>ticul> condition ( life1 "u 8 natural gov]nm5t3 & t ! pres5t /ate 0 int5d$ to be a s*ool ( discipl9e1 = improv+ 9 ourselves t "*4 ,n[ ?is int5tion ( nature is r5d]$ highly cr$ible by obs]v+2 t we are pla9ly made = improvem5t ( all k9ds2 t x is a g5]al appo9tm5t ( ,provid5ce1 t we cultivate practical pr9ciples1 & =m )9 ourselves habits ( action1 9 ord] to become fit = :at we 7 :olly unfit = be=e2 t 9 p>ticul>1 *ildhood & y\? is naturally appo9t$ to be a /ate ( discipl9e = mature age2 & t ! pres5t _w is peculi>ly fitt$ = a /ate ( moral discipl9e4 ,&1 :]eas objections are urg$ aga9/ ! :ole notion ( moral gov]nm5t & a probation>y /ate1 f ! op9ion ( necessity2 x has be5 %[n1 t ,god has giv5 u ! evid5ce1 z x 71 ( exp]i5ce1 t all objections aga9/ religion1 on ?is head1 are va9 & delusive4 ,he has also1 9 8 natural gov]nm5t1 sugge/$ an answ] to all our %ort-sight$ objections1 aga9/ ! equity & goodness ( 8 moral gov]nm5t2 & 9 g5]al he has exemplifi$ to u ! latt] by ! =m]4 ,^! ?+s1 :i* x is to be rememb]$1 are matt]s ( fact1 ought1 9 all common s5se1 to awak5 mank9d2 to induce !m to consid] 9 e>ne/ _! condition1 & :at !y h to d4 ,x is absurd1 absurd to ! degree ( be+ ridicul\s1 if ! subject 7 n ( s s]i\s a k9d1 = m5 to ?9k !mselves secure 9 a vici\s life2 or ev5 9 t immoral ?\ghtlessness1 into :i* f> ! greate/ "p ( !m are fall54 ,! cr$ibility ( religion1 aris+ f exp]i5ce & facts "h consid]$1 is fully suffici5t1 9 reason1 to engage !m to live 9 ! g5]al practice ( all virtue & piety2 "u ! s]i\s appreh5sion1 ?\gh x %\ld be mix$ ) "s d\bt1#ace ( a righte\s adm9i/ration e/abli%$ 9 nature1 & a future judgm5t 9 consequ5ce ( x3 especially :5 we consid]1 h[ v que/ionable x is1 :e!r any ?+ at all c be ga9$ by vice1#acf h[ unque/ionably little z well z prec>i\s1 ! pleasures & pr(its ( x are at ! be/1 & h[ soon !y mu/ be p>t$ ) at ! longe/4 ,=1 9 ! delib]ations ( reason1 conc]n+ :at we are to pursue & :at to avoid1 z temptations to any ?+ f m]e passion are suppos$ out ( ! case1 s inducem5ts to vice1 f cool expectations ( pleasure & int]e/ s small & unc]ta9 & %ort1 are really s insignificant1 z1 9 ! view ( reason to be almo/ no?+ 9 !mselves2 & 9 comp>ison ) ! importance ( religion !y q disappe> & are lo/4 ,m]e passion may inde$ be alleg$1 ?\gh n z a reason1 yet z an excuse1 = a vici\s c\rse ( life4 ,& h[ sorry an excuse x is1 w be manife/ by obs]v+1 t we are plac$ 9 a condition 9 :i* we are unavoidably inur$ to gov]n our passions1 by be+ necessitat$ to gov]n !m3 & to lay ourselves "u ! same k9d ( re/ra9ts1 & z great ones too1 f temporal reg>ds1 z virtue & piety1 9 ! ord9>y c\rse ( ?+s1 require4 ,! plea ( ungov]nable passion !n1 on ! side ( vice1 is ! poore/ ( all ?+s2 = x is no reason1 & a poor excuse4 ,! prop] motives to religion are ! prop] pro(s ( x1 f our moral nature1 f ! presages ( consci5ce1 & our natural appreh5sion ( ,god "u ! "* ( a righte\s ,gov]nor & ,judge3 a nature1 & consci5ce1 & appreh5sion1 giv5 u by him2 & f ! confirmation ( ! dictates ( reason1 by life & immortality br\ght to light by ! ,gospel2 & ! wra? ( ,god reveal$ f heav5 aga9/ all ungodl9ess & unrighte\sness ( m54 ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,"p4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,reveal$ ,religion4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,importance ,,( ,,*ri/ianity4#acg ,"s p]sons1 ^u pret5ce ( ! suffici5cy ( ! light ( nature1 av[$ly reject all revelation1 z 9 its v notion incr$ible1 & :at mu/ be fictiti\s4 ,& inde$ x is c]ta91 no revelation w\ld h be5 giv51 _h ! light ( nature be5 suffici5t 9 su* a s5se1 z to r5d] "o n want$ & useless4 ,b no man1 9 s]i\sness & simplicity ( m9d1 c possibly ?9k x s1 :o consid]s ! /ate ( religion 9 ! hea!n _w be=e revelation1 & its pres5t /ate 9 ^? places :i* h borr[$ no light f x3 p>ticul>ly ! d\btfulness ( "s ( ! greate/ m51 conc]n+ ?+s ( ! utmo/ importance1 z well z ! natural inatt5tion & ignorance ( mank9d 9 g5]al4 ,x is impossible to say1 :o w\ld h be5 able to h reason$ out t :ole sy/em1 :i* we call ,natural ,religion1 9 its g5u9e simplicity1 cle> ( sup]/ition3 b !re is c]ta9ly no gr\nd to affirm t ! g5]ality c\ld4 ,if !y c\ld1 !re is no sort ( probability t !y w\ld4 ,admitt+ !re 71 !y w\ld highly want a /&+ admonition to rem9d !m ( x1 & inculcate x ^u !m4 ,& fur!r1 7 !y z mu* dispos$ to att5d to religion1 z ! bett] sort ( m5 are2 yet ev5 ^u ?is supposition1 !re w\ld be v>i\s occasions = sup]natural in/ruction & assi/ance1 & ! greate/ advantages might be af=d$ by !m4#ach ,s t to say revelation is a ?+ sup]flu\s1 :at !re 0 no ne$ (1 & :at c be ( no s]vice1 is1 ,i ?9k1 to talk q wildly & at r&om4 ,nor w\ld x be m extravagant to affirm1 t mank9d is s entirely at ease 9 ! pres5t /ate1 & life s completely happy1 t x is a contradiction to suppose our condition capable ( be+1 9 any respect1 bett]4 ,!re are o!r p]sons1 n to be rank$ ) ^!1 :o seem to be gett+ into a way ( neglect+1 & z x 71 ov]look+ revelation1 z ( small importance provid$ natural religion be kept to4 ,) little reg>d ei!r to ! evid5ce ( ! =m]1 or to ! objections aga9/ x1 & ev5 ^u supposition ( its tru?2 8! only design ( x10 say !y1 8mu/ be1 to e/abli% a belief ( ! moral sy/em ( nature1 & to en=ce ! practice ( natural piety & virtue4 ,! belief & practice ( ^! 71 p]haps1 mu* promot$ by ! fir/ publication ( ,*ri/ianity3 b :e!r !y are believ$ & practis$1 ^u ! evid5ce & motives ( nature or ( revelation1 is no great matt]10#aci ,?is way ( consid]+ revelation1 ?\gh x is n ! same ) ! =m]1 yet bord]s ne>ly ^u x1 & v mu*1 at l5g? runs up into x3 & requires to be p>ticul>ly consid]$1 ) reg>d to ! p]sons :o seem to be gett+ into ?is way4 ,! consid]ation ( x w likewise fur!r %[ ! extravagance ( ! =m] op9ion1 & ! tru? ( ! obs]vations 9 answ] to x1 j m5tion$4 ,& an inquiry into ! importance ( ,*ri/ianity1 _c be an improp] introduction to a treatise conc]n+ ! cr$ibility ( x4 ,n[1 if ,god has giv5 a revelation to mank9d1 & comm&$ ^? ?+s :i* are comm&$ 9 ,*ri/ianity2 x is evid5t1 at fir/ sight1 t x _c 9 any wise be an indiff]5t matt]1 :e!r we obey or disobey ^? comm&s3 unless we are c]ta9ly assur$1 t we "k all ! reasons = !m1 & t all ^? reasons are n[ ceas$1 ) reg>d to mank9d 9 g5]al1 or to ourselves 9 p>ticul>4 ,x is absolutely impossible we c be assur$ ( ?is4#adj ,= our ignorance ( ^! reasons proves no?+ 9 ! case3 s9ce ! :ole analogy ( nature %[s1 :at is inde$ 9 itself evid5t1 t !re may be inf9ite reasons = ?+s1 ) :i* we are n acqua9t$4 ,b ! importance ( ,*ri/ianity w m di/9ctly appe>1 by consid]+ x m di/9ctly3 ,fir/1 z a republication1 & ext]nal in/itution1 ( natural or ess5tial religion1 adapt$ to ! pres5t circum/ances ( mank9d1 & int5d$ to promote natural piety & virtue3 ,secondly1 z conta9+ an acc\nt ( a disp5sation ( ?+s1 n discov]able by reason1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* sev]al di/9ct precepts are enjo9$ u4 ,= ?\gh natural religion is ! f\ndation & pr9cipal "p ( ,*ri/ianity1 x is n 9 any s5se ! :ole ( x4 ,i4 ,*ri/ianity is a republication ( ,natural religion4 ,x in/ructs mank9d 9 ! moral sy/em ( ! _w3 t x is ! "w ( an inf9itely p]fect ,be+1 & "u 8 gov]nm5t1 t virtue is 8 law1 & t he w f9ally judge mank9d 9 righte\sness1 & r5d] to all accord+ to _! works1 9 a future /ate4 ,&1 :i* is v mat]ial1 x tea*es natural religion 9 its g5u9e simplicity2 free f ^? sup]/itions1 ) :i* x 0 totally corrupt$1 & "u :i* x 0 9 a mann] lo/4 ,revelation is1 fur!r1 an au?oritative publication ( natural religion1 & s af=ds ! evid5ce ( te/imony = ! tru? ( x4 ,inde$ ! miracles & prophecies record$ 9 ,scripture1 7 int5d$ to prove a p>ticul> disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 i4e4 ! r$emption ( ! _w by ! ,messiah3 b ?is does n h9d]1 b t !y may also prove ,god's g5]al provid5ce ov] ! _w1 z our moral gov]nor & judge4 ,& !y evid5tly d prove x2 because ?is "* ( ! ,au?or ( nature1 is necess>ily connect$ ) & impli$ 9 t p>ticul> reveal$ disp5sation ( ?+s3 x is likewise cont9ually taught expressly1 & insi/$ ^u1 by ^? p]sons :o wr\ght ! miracles & deliv]$ ! prophecies4 ,s t inde$ natural religion seems z mu* prov$ by ! ,scripture revelation1 z x w\ld h be51 _h ! design ( revelation be5 no?+ else ?an to prove x4 ,b x may possibly be disput$1 h[ f> miracles c prove natural religion2 & notable objections may be urg$ aga9/ ?is pro( ( x1 consid]$ z a matt] ( speculation3 b consid]$ z a practical ?+1 !re c be none4 ,= suppose a p]son to tea* natural religion to a nation1 :o bid liv$ 9 total ignorance or =getfulness ( x2 & to decl>e t he 0 commission$ by ,god s to d2 suppose him1 9 pro( ( 8 commission1 to =etell ?+s future1 :i* no human =esight c\ld h guess$ at2 to divide ! sea ) a ^w2 fe$ great multitudes ) bread f heav52 cure all mann] ( diseases2 & raise ! dead1 ev5 himself1 to life2 w\ld n ?is give additional cr$ibility to 8 tea*+1 a cr$ibility beyond :at t ( a common man w\ld h2 & be an au?oritative publication ( ! law ( nature1 i4e4 a new pro( ( x8 ,x w\ld be a practical "o1 ( ! /ronge/ k9d1 p]haps1 :i* human creatures are capable ( hav+ giv5 !m4 ,! ,law ( ,moses !n1 & ! ,gospel ( ,*ri/1 are au?oritative publications ( ! religion ( nature2 !y af=d a pro( ( ,god's g5]al provid5ce1 z moral ,gov]nor ( ! _w1 z well z ( 8 p>ticul> disp5sations ( provid5ce t[>ds s9ful creatures1 reveal$ 9 ! ,law & ! ,gospel4 ,z !y are ! only evid5ce ( ! latt]1 s !y are an additional evid5ce ( ! =m]4 ,to %[ ?is fur!r1 let u suppose a man ( ! greate/ & mo/ improv$ capacity1 :o _h nev] he>d ( revelation1 conv9c$ ^u ! :ole1 not)/&+ ! disord]s ( ! _w1 t x 0 "u ! direction & moral gov]nm5t ( an inf9itely p]fect ,be+2 b ready to "q1 :e!r he 7 n got beyond ! rea* ( 8 faculties3 suppose him br\ght1 by ?is suspicion1 into great dang] ( be+ c>ri$ away by ! univ]sal bad example ( almo/ e "o ar\nd him1 :o appe>$ to h no s5se1 no practical s5se at lea/1 ( ^! ?+s3 & ?is1 p]haps1 w\ld be z advantage\s a situation ) reg>d to religion1 z nature alone ev] plac$ any man 94 ,:at a confirmation n[ mu/ x be to su* a p]son1 all at once1 to f9d1 t ?is moral sy/em ( ?+s 0 reveal$ to mank9d1 9 ! "n ( t inf9ite ,be+1 :om he _h f pr9ciples ( reason believ$ 93 & t ! publi%]s ( ! revelation prov$ _! commission f him1 by mak+ x appe>1 t he _h intru/$ !m ) a p[] ( susp5d+ & *ang+ ! g5]al laws ( nature4 ,nor mu/ x by any means be omitt$1 = x is a ?+ ( ! utmo/ importance1 t life & immortality are em95tly br\ght to light by ! ,gospel4 ,! great doctr9es ( a future /ate1 ! dang] ( a c\rse ( wick$ness#ada & ! efficacy ( rep5tance1 are n only confirm$ 9 ! ,gospel1 b are taught1 especially ! la/ is1 ) a degree ( light1 to :i* t ( nature is b d>kness4 ,fur!r4 ,z ,*ri/ianity s]v$ ^! ends & purposes1 :5 x 0 fir/ publi%$1 by ! miracul\s publication itself1 s x 0 int5d$ to s]ve ! same purposes 9 future ages1 by means ( ! settlem5t ( a visible *ur*3#adb ( a society1 di/+ui%$ f common ones1 & f ! re/ ( ! _w1 by peculi> religi\s in/itutions2 by an in/itut$ me?od ( in/ruction1 & an in/itut$ =m ( ext]nal religion4 ,miracul\s p[]s 7 giv5 to ! fir/ prea*]s ( ,*ri/ianity1 9 ord] to _! introduc+ x into ! _w3 a visible *ur* 0 e/abli%$1 9 ord] to cont9ue x1 & c>ry x on successively ?r\gh\t all ages4 ,_h only ,moses & ! prophets1 ,*ri/ & 8 apo/les1 taught1 & by miracles prov$1 religion to _! contempor>ies2 ! b5efits ( _! in/ructions w\ld h rea*$ b a small "p ( mank9d4 ,*ri/ianity mu/ h be51 9 a great degree1 sunk & =got 9 a v few ages4 ,to prev5t ?is1 appe>s to h be5 "o reason :y a visible *ur* 0 in/itut$2 to be l a city ^u a hill1 a /&+ memorial to ! _w ( ! duty :i* we owe our ,mak]3 to call m5 cont9ually1 bo? by example & in/ruction1 to att5d to x1 &1 by ! =m ( religion1 ev] be=e _! eyes1 rem9d !m ( ! reality2 to be ! repository ( ! oracles ( ,god2 to hold up ! light ( revelation 9 aid to t ( nature1 & to propagate x1 ?r\gh\t all g5]ations1 to ! end ( ! _w--! light ( revelation1 consid]$ "h 9 no o!r view1 ?an z design$ to en=ce natural religion4 ,& 9 proportion z ,*ri/ianity is pr(ess$ & taught 9 ! _w1 religion1 natural or ess5tial religion1 is ?us di/9ctly & advantage\sly laid be=e mank9d1 & br\ght aga9 & aga9 to _! ?\ghts1 z a matt] ( inf9ite importance4 ,a visible *ur* has also a fur!r t5d5cy to promote natural religion1 z be+ an in/itut$ me?od ( education1 orig9ally int5d$ to be ( peculi> advantage to ^? :o con=m to x4 ,= "o end ( ! in/itution 01 t1 by admonition & repro(1 z well z in/ruction1 by a g5]al regul> discipl9e1 & public ex]cises ( religion1 ! body ( ,*ri/1 z ! ,scripture speaks1 %\ld be edifi$2 i4e4 tra9$ up 9 piety & virtue = a high] & bett] /ate4 ,?is settlem5t1 !n1 appe>+ ?us b5eficial1 t5d+ 9 ! nature ( ! ?+ to answ]1 &1 9 "s degree1 actually answ]+1 ^? ends1 x is to be rememb]$1 t ! v notion ( x implies positive in/itutions2 = ! visibility ( ! *ur* consi/s 9 !m4 ,take away e ?+ ( ?is k9d1 & y lose ! v notion itself4 ,s t if ! ?+s n[ m5tion$ are advantages1 ! reason & importance ( positive in/itutions 9 g5]al is mo/ obvi\s2 s9ce )\t !m ^! advantages c\ld n be secur$ to ! _w4 ,& x is m]e idle wantonness1 to insi/ ^u kn[+ ! reasons1 :y su* p>ticul> ones 7 fix$ ^u r ?an o!rs4 ,! b5efit aris+ f ?is sup]natural assi/ance1 :i* ,*ri/ianity af=ds to natural religion1 is :at "s p]sons are v sl[ 9 appreh5d+4 ,& yet x is a ?+ di/9ct 9 itself1 & a v pla9 obvi\s "o4 ,= w any 9 good e>ne/ really say1 t ! bulk ( mank9d 9 ! hea!n _w 7 9 z advantage\s a situation1 ) reg>d to natural religion1 z !y are n[ among u3 t x 0 laid be=e !m1 & en=c$ ^u !m1 9 a mann] z di/9ct1 & z mu* t5d+ to influ5ce _! practice8 ,! objections aga9/ all ?is1 f ! p]v]sion ( ,*ri/ianity1 & f ! supposition ( its hav+ _h b little good influ5ce1 h[ev] innoc5tly !y may be propos$1 _c be insi/$ ^u z conclusive1 ^u any pr9ciples1 b su* z lead to d[nright ,a!ism2 because ! manife/ation ( ! law ( nature by reason1 :i*1 ^u all pr9ciples ( ,!ism1 mu/ h be5 f ,god1 has be5 p]v]t$ & r5d]$ ineffectual 9 ! same mann]4 ,x may inde$1 ,i ?9k1 truly be said1 t ! good effects ( ,*ri/ianity h n be5 small2 nor its suppos$ ill effects1 any effects at all ( x1 prop]ly speak+4 ,p]haps1 too1 ! ?+s done h be5 aggravat$2 & if n1 ,*ri/ianity ha? be5 (t5 only a pret5ce1 & ! same evils 9 ! ma9 w\ld h be5 done ^u "s o!r pret5ce4 ,h[ev]1 great & %ock+ z ! corruptions & abuses ( x h really be51 !y _c be insi/$ ^u z argum5ts aga9/ x1 ^u pr9ciples ( ,!ism4 ,= "o _c proce$ "o /ep 9 reason+ ^u natural religion1 any m ?an ^u ,*ri/ianity1 )\t lay+ x d[n z a fir/ pr9ciple1 t ! disp5sations ( ,provid5ce are n to be judg$ ( by _! p]v]sions1 b by _! g5u9e t5d5cies3 n by :at !y d actually seem to effect1 b by :at !y w\ld effect if mank9d did _! "p2 t "p :i* is ju/ly put & left ^u !m4 ,x is altoge!r z mu* ! language ( "o z ( ! o!r3 ,he t is unju/1 let him be unju/ /ill3 & he t is holy1 let him be holy /ill4#adc ,! light ( reason does n1 any m ?an t ( revelation1 =ce m5 to submit to its au?ority2 bo? admoni% !m ( :at !y ought to d & avoid1 toge!r ) ! consequ5ces ( ea*2 & aft] ?is1 leave !m at full lib]ty to act j z !y please1 till ! appo9t$ "t ( judgm5t4 ,e mom5t's exp]i5ce %[s1 t ?is is ,god's g5]al rule ( gov]nm5t4#add ,to return !n3 ,*ri/ianity be+ a promulgation ( ! law ( nature2 be+ moreov] an au?oritative promulgation ( x2 ) new light1 & o!r circum/ances ( peculi> advantage1 adapt$ to ! wants ( mank9d2 ^! ?+s fully %[ its importance4 ,x is to be obs]v$ fur!r1 t z ! nature ( ! case requires1 s all ,*ri/ians are comm&$ to contribute1 by _! pr(ession ( ,*ri/ianity1 to pres]ve x 9 ! _w1 & r5d] x su* a promulgation & en=cem5t ( religion4 ,= x is ! v s*eme ( ! ,gospel1 t ea* ,*ri/ian %\ld1 9 8 degree1 contribute t[>ds cont9u+ & c>ry+ x on3 all by unit+ 9 ! public pr(ession & ext]nal practice ( ,*ri/ianity2 "s by in/ruct+1 by hav+ ! ov]sight & tak+ c>e ( ?is religi\s community1 ! *ur* ( ,god4 ,n[ ?is fur!r %[s ! importance ( ,*ri/ianity2 &1 :i* is :at ,i *iefly int5d1 its importance 9 a practical s5se3 or ! high obligations we are "u1 to take x into our mo/ s]i\s consid]ation2 & ! dang] !re mu/ necess>ily be1 n only 9 treat+ x despitefully1 :i* ,i am n n[ speak+ (1 b 9 disreg>d+ & neglect+ x4 ,= ?is is neglect+ to d :at is expressly enjo9$ u1 = cont9u+ ^? b5efits to ! _w1 & transmitt+ !m d[n to future times4 ,& all ?is holds1 ev5 ?\gh ! only ?+ to be consid]$ 9 ,*ri/ianity 7 its subs]vi5cy to natural religion4 ,,ii4 ,*ri/ianity is to be consid]$ 9 a fur!r view2 z conta9+ an acc\nt ( a disp5sation ( ?+s1 n at all discov]able by reason1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* sev]al di/9ct precepts are enjo9$ u4 ,*ri/ianity is n only an ext]nal in/itution ( natural religion1 & a new promulgation ( ,god's g5]al provid5ce1 z righte\s gov]nor & judge ( ! _w2 b x conta9s also a revelation ( a p>ticul> disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 c>ry+ on by 8 ,son & ,_s1 = ! recov]y & salvation ( mank9d1 :o are repres5t$ 9 ,scripture to be 9 a /ate ( ru94 ,& 9 consequ5ce ( ?is revelation be+ made1 we are comm&$ to be baptiz$1 n only 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 b also1 ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/3 & o!r obligations ( duty1 unkn[n be=e1 to ! ,son & ! ,holy ,gho/1 are reveal$4 ,n[ ! importance ( ^! duties may be judg$ (1 by obs]v+ t !y arise1 n f positive comm& m]ely1 b also f ! (fices :i* appe>1 f ,scripture1 to belong to ^? div9e p]sons 9 ! ,gospel disp5sation2 or f ! relations1 :i* we are !re in=m$1 !y /& 9 to u4 ,by reason is reveal$ ! relation1 :i* ,god ! ,fa!r /&s 9 to u4 ,h5ce arises ! obligation ( duty :i* we are "u to him4 ,9 ,scripture are reveal$ ! relations1 :i* ! ,son & ,holy ,_s /& 9 to u4 ,h5ce arise ! obligations ( duty2#ade :i* we are "u to !m4 ,! tru? ( ! case1 z "o may speak1 9 ea* ( ^! ?ree respects be+ admitt$3 t ,god is ! gov]nor ( ! _w1 ^u ! evid5ce ( reason2 t ,*ri/ is ! m$iator betwe5 ,god & man1 & ! ,holy ,gho/ our guide & sanctifi]1 ^u ! evid5ce ( revelation3 ! tru? ( ! case1 ,i say1 9 ea* ( ^! respects be+ admitt$1 x is no m a "q1 :y x %\ld be comm&$1 t we be baptiz$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,son & ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 ?an t we be baptiz$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r4 ,?is matt] seems to require to be m fully /at$4#adf ,let x be rememb]$ !n1 t religion comes "u ! tw(old consid]ation ( int]nal & ext]nal3 = ! latt] is z real a "p ( religion1 ( true religion1 z ! =m]4 ,n[1 :5 religion is consid]$ "u ! fir/ notion1 z an inw>d pr9ciple1 to be ex]t$ 9 su* & su* inw>d acts ( ! m9d & he>t1 ! ess5ce ( natural religion may be said to consi/ 9 religi\s reg>ds to ,god ! ,fa!r ,almighty3 & ! ess5ce ( reveal$ religion1 z di/+ui%$ f natural1 to consi/ 9 religi\s reg>ds to ! ,son1 & to ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,! obligation we are "u1 ( pay+ ^! religi\s reg>ds to ea* ( ^! div9e p]sons respectively1 arises f ! respective relations :i* !y ea* /& 9 to u4 ,h[ ^! relations are made kn[n1 :e!r by reason or revelation1 makes no alt]ation 9 ! case3 because ! duties arise out ( ! relations !mselves1 n out ( ! mann] 9 :i* we are in=m$ ( !m4 ,! ,son & ,_s h ea* 8 prop] (fice 9 t great disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 ! r$emption ( ! _w2 ! "o our ,m$iator1 ! o!r our ,sanctifi]4 ,does n !n ! duty ( religi\s reg>ds to bo? ^! div9e p]sons1 z imm$iately arise to ! view ( reason1 out ( ! v nature ( ^! (fices & relations2 z ! good-w & k9d int5tion1 :i* we owe to our fell[-creatures1 arise out ( ! common relations betwe5 u & !m8 ,b x w be ask$1 8,:at are ! inw>d religi\s reg>ds1 appe>+ ?us obvi\sly due to ! ,son & ,holy ,_s2 z aris+1 n m]ely f comm& 9 ,scripture1 b f ! v nature ( ! reveal$ relations1 :i* !y /& 9 to u80 ,i answ]1 ! religi\s reg>ds ( rev]5ce1 honor1 love1 tru/1 gratitude1 fe>1 hope4 ,9 :at ext]nal mann] ?is inw>d wor%ip is to be express$1 is a matt] ( pure reveal$ comm&1 z p]haps ! ext]nal mann]1 9 :i* ,god ! ,fa!r is to be wor%ipp$1 may be m s ?an we are ready to ?9k4 ,b ! wor%ip1 ! int]nal wor%ip itself1 to ! ,son & ,holy ,gho/1 is no fur!r matt] ( pure reveal$ comm&1 ?an z ! relations !y /& 9 to u are matt] ( pure revelation3 = ! relations be+ kn[n1 ! obligations to su* int]nal wor%ip are obligations ( reason1 aris+ out ( ^? relations !mselves4 ,9 %ort1 ! hi/ory ( ! gospel z imm$iately %[s u ! reason ( ^! obligations1 z x %[s u ! mean+ ( ! words1 ,son & ,holy ,gho/4 ,if ?is acc\nt ( ! ,*ri/ian religion be j1 ^? p]sons :o c speak lightly ( x1 z ( little consequ5ce1 provid$ natural religion be kept to1 pla9ly =get1 t ,*ri/ianity1 ev5 :at is peculi>ly s call$1 z di/+ui%$ f natural religion1 has yet some:at v important1 ev5 ( a moral nature4 ,= ! (fice ( our ,"l be+ made kn[n1 & ! relation he /&s 9 to u1 ! obligation ( religi\s reg>ds to him is pla9ly moral1 z mu* z *>ity to mank9d is2 s9ce ?is obligation arises1 be=e ext]nal comm&1 imm$iately out ( t 8 (fice & relation itself4 ,^? p]sons appe> to =get1 t revelation is to be consid]$1 z in=m+ u ( some:at new1 9 ! /ate ( mank9d1#adg & 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w3 z acqua9t+ u ) "s relations we /& 91 :i* c\ld n o!rwise h be5 kn[n4 ,^! relations be+ real 7?\gh be=e revelation we c\ld be "u no obligations f !m1 yet ^u _! be+ reveal$71 !re is no reason to ?9k1 b t neglect ( behav+ suitably to !m w be att5d$ ) ! same k9d ( consequ5ces "u ,god's gov]nm5t1 z neglect+ to behave suitably to any o!r relations1 made kn[n to u by reason4 ,ignorance1 :e!r unavoidable or volunt>y1 s f> z we c possibly see1 w j z mu*1 & j z little1 excuse 9 "o case z 9 ! o!r3 ! ignorance be+ suppos$ equally unavoidable1 or equally volunt>y1 9 bo? cases4 ,if !re=e ,*ri/ be inde$ ! m$iator betwe5 ,god & man1 i4e4 if ,*ri/ianity be true2 if he be inde$ our ,"l1 our ,savior1 & our ,god1 no "o c say1 :at may foll[1 n only ! ob/9ate1 b ! c>eless disreg>d to him1 9 ^? high relations4 ,nay1 no "o c say1 :at may foll[ su* disreg>d1 ev5 9 ! way ( natural consequ5ce4#adh ,=1 z ! natural consequ5ces ( vice 9 ?is life are d\btless to be consid]$ z judicial puni%m5ts inflict$ by ,god1 s = aught we "k1 ! judicial puni%m5ts ( ! future life may be1 9 a l way or a l s5se1 ! natural consequ5ce ( vice3#adi ( m5's violat+ or disreg>d+ ! relations :i* ,god has plac$ !m 9 "h1 & made kn[n to !m4 ,if mank9d are corrupt$ & deprav$ 9 _! moral "*1 & s are unfit = t /ate1 :i* ,*ri/ is gone to prep>e = 8 disciples2 & if ! assi/ance ( ,god's ,_s be necess>y to r5ew _! nature1 9 ! degree requisite to _! be+ qualifi$ = t /ate2 7all :i* is impli$ 9 ! express1 ?\gh figurative decl>ation1 ,except a man be born ( ! ,_s1 he _c ent] into ! k+dom ( ,god3#aej7 suppos+ ?is1 is x possible any s]i\s p]son c ?9k x a slight matt]1 :e!r or no he makes use ( ! means1 expressly comm&$ by ,god1 = obta9+ ?is div9e assi/ance8 ,especially s9ce ! :ole analogy ( nature %[s1 t we are n to expect any b5efits1 )\t mak+ use ( ! appo9t$ means = obta9+ or enjoy+ !m4 ,n[ reason %[s u no?+1 ( ! p>ticul> imm$iate means ( obta9+ ei!r temporal or spiritual b5efits4 ,?is !re=e we mu/ le>n1 ei!r f exp]i5ce or revelation4 ,& exp]i5ce1 ! pres5t case does n admit (4 ,! conclusion f all ?is evid5tly is1 t ,*ri/ianity be+ suppos$ ei!r true or cr$ible1 x is unspeakable irrev]5ce1 & really ! mo/ presumptu\s ra%ness1 to treat x z a light matt]4 ,x c nev] ju/ly be e/eem$ ( little consequ5ce1 till x be positively suppos$ false4 ,nor d ,i "k a high] & m important obligation :i* we are "u1 ?an t ( exam9+ mo/ s]i\sly into its evid5ce1 suppos+ its cr$ibility2 & ( embrac+ x1 ^u supposition ( its tru?4 ,! two foll[+ d$uctions may be prop] to be add$1 9 ord] to illu/rate ! =ego+ obs]vations1 & to prev5t _! be+ mi/ak54 ,fir/1 ,h5ce we may cle>ly see1 :]e lies ! di/9ction betwe5 :at is positive & :at is moral 9 religion4 ,moral precepts1 are precepts ! reasons ( :i* we see3 positive precepts1 are precepts ! reasons ( :i* we d n see4#aea ,moral duties arise out ( ! nature ( ! case itself1 prior to ext]nal comm&4 ,positive duties d n arise out ( ! nature ( ! case1 b f ext]nal comm&2 nor w\ld !y be duties at all1 7 x n = su* comm&1 receiv$ f ,him ^: creatures & subjects we are4 ,b ! mann] 9 :i* ! nature ( ! case or ! fact ( ! relation1 is made kn[n1 ?is do? n d5om9ate any duty ei!r positive or moral4 ,t we be baptiz$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r is z mu* a positive duty1 z t we be baptiz$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,son1 because bo? arise equally f reveal$ comm&3 ?\gh ! relation :i* we /& 9 to ,god ! ,fa!r is made kn[n to u by reason1 & ! relation we /& 9 to ,*ri/1 by revelation only4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! disp5sation ( ! ,gospel be+ admitt$1 gratitude z imm$iately becomes due to ,*ri/1 f 8 be+ ! volunt>y m9i/] ( ?is disp5sation1 z x is due to ,god ! ,fa!r1 f 8 be+ ! f\nta9 ( all good2 ?\gh ! fir/ is made kn[n to u by revelation only1 ! second by reason4 ,h5ce also we may see1 &1 = di/9ctness' sake1 x may be wor? m5tion+1 t positive in/itutions come "u a tw(old consid]ation4 ,!y are ei!r in/itutions f\nd$ on natural religion1 z baptism 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r2 7?\gh ?is has also a p>ticul> ref]5ce to ! gospel disp5sation1 = x is 9 ! "n ( ,god1 z ! ,fa!r ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/37 or !y are ext]nal in/itutions f\nd$ on reveal$ religion2 z baptism 9 ! "n ( ! ,son2 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,secondly1 ,f ! di/9ction betwe5 :at is moral & :at is positive 9 religion1 appe>s ! gr\nd ( t peculi> pref]5ce1 :i* ! ,scripture tea*es u to be due to ! =m]4 ,! reason ( positive in/itutions 9 g5]al1 is v obvi\s2 ?\gh we %\ld n see ! reason1 :y p>ticul> ones are pit*$ ^u r ?an o!rs4 ,:oev]1 !re=e1 in/ead ( cavill+ at words1 w att5d to ! ?+ itself1 may cle>ly see1 t positive in/itutions 9 g5]al1 z di/+ui%$ f ?is or t p>ticul> "o1 h ! nature ( moral comm&s2 s9ce ! reasons ( !m appe>4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ! ext]nal wor%ip ( ,god is a moral duty1 ?\gh no p>ticul> mode ( x be s4 ,c>e !n is to be tak51 :5 a comp>ison is made betwe5 positive & moral duties1 t !y be comp>$ no fur!r ?an z !y are diff]5t2 no fur!r ?an z ! =m] are positive1 or arise out ( m]e ext]nal comm&1 ! reasons ( :i* we are n acqua9t$ )2 & z ! latt] are moral1 or arise out ( ! app>5t reason ( ! case1 )\t su* ext]nal comm&4 ,unless ?is caution be obs]v$1 we %all run into endless confusion4 ,n[ ?is be+ premis$1 suppose two /&+ precepts enjo9$ by ! same au?ority2 t1 9 c]ta9 conjunctures1 x is impossible to obey bo?2 t ! =m] is moral1 i4e4 a precept ( :i* we see ! reasons1 & t !y hold 9 ! p>ticul> case be=e u2 b t ! latt] is positive1 i4e4 a precept ( :i* we d n see ! reasons3 x is indisputable t our obligations are to obey ! =m]2 because !re is an app>5t reason = ?is pref]5ce1 & none aga9/ x4 ,fur!r1 positive in/itutions1 all ^? ,i suppose :i* ,*ri/ianity enjo9s1 are means to a moral end3 & ! end mu/ be ackn[l$g$ m excell5t ?an ! means4#aeb ,nor is obs]vance ( ^! in/itutions any religi\s ob$i5ce at all1 or ( any value1 o!rwise ?an z x proce$s f a moral pr9ciple4 ,?is seems to be ! /rict logical way ( /at+ & det]m9+ ?is matt]2 b w1 p]haps1 be f\nd less applicable to practice1 ?an may be ?\ght at fir/ sight4 ,!re=e1 9 a m practical1 ?\gh m lax way ( consid]ation1 & tak+ ! words1 moral law & positive in/itutions1 9 ! popul> s5se1 ,i add1 t ! :ole moral law is z mu* matt] ( reveal$ comm&1 z positive in/itutions are3 = ! ,scripture enjo9s e moral virtue4 ,9 ?is respect !n !y are bo? ^u a level4 ,b ! moral law is1 moreov]1 writt5 ^u our he>ts2 int]wov5 into our v nature4 ,& ?is is a pla9 intimation ( ! ,au?or ( x1 :i* is to be pref]r$1 :5 !y int]f]e4 ,b !re is n altoge!r s mu* necessity = ! det]m9ation ( ?is "q1 z "s p]sons seem to ?9k4 ,nor are we left to reason alone to det]m9e x4 ,=1 ,fir/1 ,?\gh mank9d h1 9 all ages1 be5 greatly prone to place _! religion 9 peculi> positive rites1 by way ( equival5t = ob$i5ce to moral precepts2 yet1 )\t mak+ any comp>ison at all betwe5 !m1 & consequ5tly )\t det]m9+ :i* is to h ! pref]5ce1 ! nature ( ! ?+ abundantly %[s all notions ( t k9d to be utt]ly subv]sive ( true religion1 z !y are1 moreov]1 contr>y to ! :ole g5]al t5or ( ,scripture2 & likewise to ! mo/ express p>ticul> decl>ations ( x1 t no?+ c r5d] u accept$ ( ,god1 )\t moral virtue4 ,secondly1 ,^u ! occasion ( m5tion+ toge!r positive & moral duties1 ! ,scripture always puts ! /ress ( religion ^u ! latt]1 & nev] ^u ! =m]4 ,?is1 ?\gh no sort ( all[ance to neglect ! =m]1 :5 !y d n int]f]e ) ! latt]1 is yet a pla9 intimation1 t :5 !y d1 ! latt] are to be pref]r$4 ,& z mank9d are = plac+ ! /ress ( _! religion any:]e1 r ?an ^u virtue2 le/ bo? ! reason ( ! ?+1 & ! g5]al _s ( ,*ri/ianity1 appe>+ 9 ! intimation n[ m5tion$1 %\ld be ineffectual aga9/ ?is preval5t folly1 our ,"l himself1 f ^: comm& alone ! obligation ( positive in/itutions arises1 has tak5 occasion to make ! comp>ison betwe5 !m & moral precepts2 :5 ! ,ph>isees c5sur$ him1 = eat+ ) publicans & s9n]s2 & also :5 !y c5sur$ 8 disciples1 = pluck+ ! e>s ( corn on ! ,sabba? day4 ,^u ?is comp>ison1 he has det]m9$ expressly1 & 9 =m1 :i* %all h ! pref]5ce :5 !y int]f]e4 ,& by deliv]+ 8 au?oritative det]m9ation 9 a prov]bial mann] ( expression1 he has made x g5]al3 ,i w h m]cy1 & n sacrifice4#aec ,! propriety ( ! ^w prov]bial1 is n ! ?+ insi/$ ^u3 ?\gh ,i ?9k ! mann] ( speak+ is to be call$ s4 ,b t ! mann] ( speak+ v rem>kably r5d]s ! det]m9ation g5]al1 is surely indisputable4 ,=1 _h x be5 said only1 t ,god pref]r$ m]cy to ! rigid obs]vance ( ! ,sabba?1 ev5 !n1 by p>ity ( reason1 mo/ ju/ly might we h argu$1 t he pref]r$ m]cy likewise1 to ! obs]vance ( o!r ritual in/itutions2 & 9 g5]al1 moral duties1 to positive ones4 ,& ?us ! det]m9ation w\ld h be5 g5]al2 ?\gh its be+ s 7 inf]r$ & n express$4 ,b z ! passage really /&s 9 ! ,gospel1 x is mu* /rong]4 ,= ! s5se & ! v lit]al words ( our ,"l's answ]1 are z applicable to any o!r in/ance ( a comp>ison1 betwe5 positive & moral duties1 z to t ^u :i* !y 7 spok54 ,& if1 9 case ( competition1 m]cy is to be pref]r$ to positive in/itutions1 x w sc>ce be ?\ght1 t ju/ice is to give place to !m4 ,x is rem>kable too1 t1 z ! words are a quotation f ! ,old ,te/am5t1 !y are introduc$1 on bo? ! =em5tion$ occasions1 ) a decl>ation1 t ! ,ph>isees did n und]/& ! mean+ ( !m4 ,?is1 ,i say1 is v rem>kable4 ,=1 s9ce x is sc>ce possible1 = ! mo/ ignorant p]son1 n to und]/& ! lit]al s5se ( ! passage 9 ! prophet2#aed & s9ce und]/&+ ! lit]al s5se w\ld n h prev5t$ _! condemn+ ! guiltless1#aee x c h>dly be d\bt$1 t ! ?+ :i* our ,"l really int5d$ 9 t decl>ation 01 t ! ,ph>isees _h n le>n$ f x1 z !y might1 :]e9 ! g5]al _s ( religion consi/s3 t x consi/s 9 moral piety & virtue1 z di/+ui%$ f ritual obs]vances4 ,h[ev]1 x is c]ta9 we may le>n ?is f 8 div9e application ( ! passage1 9 ! ,gospel4 ,b1 z x is "o ( ! peculi> weaknesses ( human nature1 :51 ^u a comp>ison ( two ?+s1 "o is f\nd to be ( great] importance ?an ! o!r1 to consid] ?is o!r z ( sc>ce any importance at all3 x is highly necess>y t we rem9d ourselves1 h[ great presumption x is1 to make light ( any in/itutions ( div9e appo9tm5t2 t our obligations to obey all ,god's comm&s :atev] are absolute & indisp5sable2 & t comm&s m]ely positive1 admitt$ to be f him1 lay u "u a moral obligation to obey !m3 an obligation moral 9 ! /ricte/ & mo/ prop] s5se4 ,to ^! ?+s ,i _c =be> add+1 t ! acc\nt n[ giv5 ( ,*ri/ianity mo/ /rongly %[s & en=ces ^u u ! obligation ( se>*+ ! ,scriptures1 9 ord] to see1 :at ! s*eme ( revelation really is2 in/ead ( det]m9+ be=eh&1 f reason1 :at ! s*eme ( x mu/ be4#aef ,inde$ if 9 revelation !re be f\nd any passages1 ! seem+ mean+ ( :i* is contr>y to natural religion2 we may mo/ c]ta9ly conclude1 su* seem+ mean+ n to be ! real "o4#aeg ,b x is n any degree ( a presumption aga9/ an int]pretation ( ,scripture1 t su* int]pretation conta9s a doctr9e1 :i* ! light ( nature _c discov]2#aeh or a precept1 :i* ! law ( nature does n oblige to4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,suppos$ ,,presumption ,,aga9/ ,a ,,revelation ,,consid]$ ,,z ,,miracul\s4 ,hav+ %[n ! importance ( ! ,*ri/ian revelation1 & ! obligations :i* we are "u s]i\sly to att5d to x1 ^u supposition ( its tru?1 or its cr$ibility1 ! next ?+ 9 ord]1 is to consid] ! suppos$ presumptions aga9/ revelation 9 g5]al2 :i* %all be ! subject ( ?is *apt]3 & ! objections aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian 9 p>ticul>1 :i* %all be ! subject ( "s foll[+ ones4#aei ,= x seems ! mo/ natural me?od1 to remove ! prejudices aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 be=e we proce$ to ! consid]ation ( ! positive evid5ce = x1 & ! objections aga9/ t evid5ce4#afj ,x is1 ,i ?9k1 commonly suppos$1 t !re is "s peculi> presumption1 f ! analogy ( nature1 aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian s*eme ( ?+s1 at lea/ aga9/ miracles2 s z t /rong] evid5ce is necess>y to prove ! tru? & reality ( !m1 ?an w\ld be suffici5t to conv9ce u ( o!r ev5ts1 or matt]s ( fact4 ,inde$ ! consid]ation ( ?is suppos$ presumption _c b be ?\ght v insignificant1 by _m p]sons4 ,yet1 z x belongs to ! subject ( ?is treatise2 s x may t5d to op5 ! m9d1 & remove "s prejudices1 h[ev] ne$less ! consid]ation ( x be1 ^u its own acc\nt4 ,i4 ,i f9d no appe>ance ( a presumption1 f ! analogy ( nature1 aga9/ ! g5]al s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity1 t ,god creat$ & invisibly gov]ns ! _w by ,jesus ,*ri/2 & by him also w h]eaft] judge x 9 righte\sness1 i4e4 r5d] to e "o accord+ to 8 works2 & t good m5 are "u ! secret influ5ce ( 8 ,_s4 ,:e!r ^! ?+s are1 or are n1 to be call$ miracul\s1 is p]haps only a "q ab\t words2 or h[ev]1 is ( no mom5t 9 ! case4 ,if ! analogy ( nature raises any presumption aga9/ ?is g5]al s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity1 x mu/ be1 ei!r because x is n discov]able by reason or exp]i5ce2 or else1 because x is unlike t c\rse ( nature1 :i* is4 ,b analogy raises no presumption aga9/ ! tru? ( ?is s*eme1 ^u ei!r ( ^! acc\nts4 ,fir/1 ,!re is no presumption1 f analogy1 aga9/ ! tru? ( x1 ^u acc\nt ( its n be+ discov]able by reason or exp]i5ce4 ,suppose "o :o nev] he>d ( revelation1 ( ! mo/ improv$ und]/&+1 & acqua9t$ ) our :ole sy/em ( natural philosophy & natural religion2 su* a "o c\ld n b be s5sible1 t x 0 b a v small "p ( ! natural & moral sy/em ( ! univ]se1 :i* he 0 acqua9t$ )4 ,he c\ld n b be s5sible1 t !re mu/ be innum]able ?+s1 9 ! disp5sations ( ,provid5ce pa/1 9 ! invisible gov]nm5t ov] ! _w at pres5t c>ry+ on1 & 9 :at is to come2 ( :i* he 0 :olly ignorant1#afa & :i* c\ld n be discov]$ )\t revelation4 ,:e!r ! s*eme ( nature be1 9 ! /ricte/ s5se1 inf9ite or n2 x is evid5tly va/1 ev5 beyond all possible imag9ation4 ,& d\btless t "p ( x1 :i* is op5 to our view1 is b z a po9t 9 comp>ison ( ! :ole plan ( ,provid5ce1 rea*+ ?r\gh\t et]nity pa/ & future2 9 comp>ison ( :at is ev5 n[ go+ on1 9 ! remote p>ts ( ! b\ndless univ]se1 nay1 9 comp>ison ( ! :ole s*eme ( ?is _w4 ,& !re=e1 t ?+s lie beyond ! natural rea* ( our faculties1 is no sort ( presumption aga9/ ! tru? & reality ( !m2 because x is c]ta91 !re are innum]able ?+s1 9 ! con/itution & gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se1 :i* are ?us beyond ! natural rea* ( our faculties4 ,secondly1 ,analogy raises no presumption aga9/ any ( ! ?+s conta9$ 9 ?is g5]al doctr9e ( ,scripture n[ m5tion$1 ^u acc\nt ( _! be+ unlike ! kn[n c\rse ( nature4 ,= !re is no presumption at all f analogy1 t ! :ole c\rse ( ?+s1 or div9e gov]nm5t naturally unkn[n to u1 & e ?+ 9 x1 is l to any ?+ 9 t :i* is kn[n2 & !re=e no peculi> presumption aga9/ any ?+ 9 ! =m]1 ^u acc\nt ( its be+ unlike to any ?+ 9 ! latt]4 ,& 9 ! con/itution & natural gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 z well z 9 ! moral gov]nm5t ( x1 we see ?+s1 9 a great degree1 unlike "o ano!r3 & !re=e ought n to wond] at su* unlik5ess betwe5 ?+s visible & invisible4 ,h[ev]1 ! s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity is by no means entirely unlike ! s*eme ( nature2 z w appe> 9 ! foll[+ "p ( ?is treatise4 ,! notion ( a miracle1 consid]$ z a pro( ( a div9e mission1 has be5 /at$ ) great exactness by div9es2 & is1 ,i ?9k1 suffici5tly und]/ood by e "o4 ,!re are also invisible miracles1#afb ! ,inc>nation ( ,*ri/1 = in/ance1 :i*1 be+ secret1 _c be alleg$ z a pro( ( su* a mission2 b require !mselves to be prov$ by visible miracles4 ,revelation itself too is miracul\s2 & miracles are ! pro( ( x2 & ! suppos$ presumption aga9/ ^! %all pres5tly be consid]$4 ,all :i* ,i h be5 obs]v+ "h is1 t1 :e!r we *oose to call e ?+ 9 ! disp5sations ( ,provid5ce1 n discov]able )\t revelation1 nor l ! kn[n c\rse ( ?+s1 miracul\s2 & :e!r ! g5]al ,*ri/ian disp5sation n[ m5tion$ is to be call$ s1 or n2 ! =ego+ obs]vations seem c]ta9ly to %[1 t !re is no presumption aga9/ x f ! analogy ( nature4 ,,ii4 ,!re is no presumption1 f analogy1 aga9/ "s op]ations1 :i* we %\ld n[ call miracul\s2 p>ticul>ly none aga9/ a revelation at ! beg9n+ ( ! _w3 no?+ ( su* presumption aga9/ x1 z is suppos$ to be impli$ or express$ 9 ! ^w1 miracul\s4#afc ,a miracle1 9 its v notion1 is relative to a c\rse ( nature2 & implies some?+ diff]5t f x1 consid]$ z be+ s4 ,n[1 ei!r !re 0 no c\rse ( nature at ! "t :i* we are speak+ (2 or if !re 71 we are n acqua9t$ :at ! c\rse ( nature is1 ^u ! fir/ peopl+ ( worlds4 ,!re=e ! "q1 :e!r mank9d _h a revelation made to !m at t "t1 is to be consid]$1 n z a "q conc]n+ a miracle1 b z a common "q ( fact4 ,& we h ! l reason1 be x m or less1 to admit ! report ( tradition1 conc]n+ ?is "q1 & conc]n+ common matt]s ( fact ( ! same antiquity2 = in/ance1 :at "p ( ! e>? 0 fir/ peopl$4 ,or ?us3 ,:5 mank9d 0 fir/ plac$ 9 ?is /ate1 !re 0 a p[] ex]t$1 totally diff]5t f ! pres5t c\rse ( nature4 ,n[1 :e!r ?is p[]1 ?us :olly diff]5t f ! pres5t c\rse ( nature1 7= we _c prop]ly apply to x ! ^w miracul\s27 :e!r ?is p[] /opp$ imm$iately aft] x _h made man1 or w5t on1 & ex]t$ itself fur!r 9 giv+ him a revelation1 is a "q ( ! same k9d1 z :e!r an ord9>y p[] ex]t$ itself 9 su* a p>ticul> degree & mann]1 or n4 ,or suppose ! p[] ex]t$ 9 ! =mation ( ! _w be consid]$ z miracul\s1 or r1 be call$ by t "n2 ! case w n be diff]5t3 s9ce x mu/ be ackn[l$g$1 t su* a p[] 0 ex]t$4 ,= suppos+ x ackn[l$g$1 t our ,savior sp5t "s ye>s 9 a c\rse ( work+ miracles3#afd !re is no m presumption1 wor? m5tion+1 aga9/ 8 hav+ ex]t$ ?is miracul\s p[]1 9 a c]ta9 degree great]1 ?an 9 a c]ta9 degree less2 9 "o or two m in/ances1 ?an 9 "o or two few]2 9 ?is1 ?an 9 ano!r mann]4 ,x is evid5t !n1 t !re c be no peculi> presumption1 f ! analogy ( nature1 aga9/ suppos+ a revelation1 :5 man 0 fir/ plac$ ^u e>?4#afe ,add1 t !re does n appe> ! lea/ intimation 9 hi/ory or tradition1 t religion 0 fir/ reason$ out3 b ! :ole ( hi/ory & tradition makes = ! o!r side1 t x came into ! _w by revelation4 ,inde$ ! /ate ( religion1 9 ! fir/ ages ( :i* we h any acc\nt1 seems to suppose & imply1 t ?is 0 ! orig9al ( x among mank9d4#aff ,& ^! reflections toge!r1 )\t tak+ 9 ! peculi> au?ority ( ,scripture1 am\nt to real & a v mat]ial degree ( evid5ce1 t !re 0 a revelation at ! beg9n+ ( ! _w4 ,n[ ?is1 z x is a confirmation ( natural religion1 & !re=e m5tion$ 9 ! =m] "p ( ?is treatise2#afg s likewise x has a t5d5cy to remove any prejudices aga9/ a subsequ5t revelation4 ,,iii4 ,b /ill x may be object$1 t !re is "s peculi> presumption1 f analogy1 aga9/ miracles2 p>ticul>ly aga9/ revelation1 aft] ! settlem5t & dur+ ! cont9uance ( a c\rse ( nature4 ,n[ ) reg>d to ?is suppos$ presumption1 x is to be obs]v$ 9 g5]al1 t be=e we c h gr\nd = rais+ :at c1 ) any propriety1 be call$ an argum5t f analogy1 = or aga9/ revelation consid]$ z some?+ miracul\s1 we mu/ be acqua9t$ ) a simil> or p>allel case4 ,b ! hi/ory ( "s o!r _w1 seem+ly 9 l circum/ances ) our own1 is no m ?an a p>allel case3 & !re=e no?+ %ort ( ?is c be s4 ,yet1 c\ld we come at a presumptive pro(1 = or aga9/ a revelation1 f be+ in=m$1 :e!r su* _w _h "o1 or n2 su* a pro(1 be+ drawn f "o s+le in/ance only1 mu/ be inf9itely prec>i\s4 ,m p>ticul>ly3 ,fir/1 ,!re is a v /rong presumption aga9/ common speculative tru?s1 & aga9/ ! mo/ ord9>y facts1 be=e ! pro(#afh ( !m2 :i* yet is ov]come by almo/ any pro(4 ,!re is a presumption ( millions to "o1 aga9/ ! /ory ( ,cs>1 or ( any o!r man4 ,= suppose a numb] ( common facts s & s circum/anc$1 ( :i* we _h no k9d ( pro(1 %\ld happ5 to come into "o's ?\ghts2 e "o w\ld1 )\t any possible d\bt1 conclude !m to be false4 ,& ! l may be said ( a s+le common fact4 ,h5ce x appe>s1 t ! "q ( importance1 z to ! matt] be=e u1 is1 conc]n+ ! degree ( ! peculi> presumption suppos$ aga9/ miracles2 n :e!r !re be any peculi> presumption at all aga9/ !m4 ,=1 if !re be ! presumption ( millions to "o1 aga9/ ! mo/ common facts2 :at c a small presumption1 additional to ?is1 am\nt to1 ?\gh x be peculi>8 ,x _c be e/imat$1 & is z no?+4 ,! only mat]ial "q is1 :e!r !re be any su* presumptions aga9/ miracles1 z to r5d] !m 9 any sort incr$ible4 ,secondly1 ,if we leave out ! consid]ation ( religion1 we are 9 su* total d>kness1 ^u :at causes1 occasions1 reasons1 or circum/ances1 ! pres5t c\rse ( nature dep5ds2 t !re does n appe> any improbability = or aga9/ suppos+1 t five or six ?\s& ye>s may h giv5 scope#afi = causes1 occasions1 reasons1 or circum/ances1 f :5ce miracul\s int]positions may h aris54 ,& f ?is1 jo9$ ) ! =ego+ obs]vation1 x w foll[1 t !re mu/ be a presumption1 beyond all comp>ison great]1 aga9/ ! p>ticul> common facts j n[ in/anc$ 91 ?an aga9/ miracles 9 g5]al2 be=e any evid5ce ( ei!r4 ,?irdly1 ,take 9 ! consid]ation ( religion1 or ! moral sy/em ( ! _w1 & !n we see di/9ct p>ticul> reasons = miracles3 to af=d mank9d in/ruction additional to t ( nature1 & to atte/ ! tru? ( x4 ,?is gives a real cr$ibility to ! supposition1 t x might be "p ( ! orig9al plan ( ?+s1 t !re %\ld be miracul\s int]positions4 ,la/ly1 ,miracles mu/ n be comp>$ to common natural ev5ts1 or to ev5ts :i*1 ?\gh uncommon1 are simil> to :at we daily exp]i5ce3 b to ! extraord9>y ph5om5a ( nature4 ,& !n ! comp>ison w be betwe5 ! presumption aga9/ miracles1 & ! presumption aga9/ su* uncommon appe>ances1 suppose1 z comets1 & aga9/ !re be+ any su* p[]s 9 nature z magnetism & electricity1 s contr>y to ! prop]ties ( o!r bodies n endu$ ) ^! p[]s4 ,& be=e any "o c det]m9e1 :e!r !re be any peculi> presumption aga9/ miracles1 m ?an aga9/ o!r extraord9>y ?+s2 he mu/ consid]1 :at1 ^u fir/ he>+1 w\ld be ! presumption aga9/ ! la/ m5tion$ appe>ances & p[]s1 to a p]son acqua9t$ only ) ! daily1 mon?ly1 & annual c\rse ( nature respect+ ?is e>?1 & ) ^? common p[]s ( matt] :i* we e day see4 ,^u all ?is ,i conclude2 t !re c]ta9ly is no su* presumption aga9/ miracles1 z to r5d] !m 9 any wise incr$ible3 t1 on ! contr>y1 our be+ able to disc]n reasons = !m1 gives a positive cr$ibility to ! hi/ory ( !m1 9 cases :]e ^? reasons hold3 & t x is by no means c]ta91 t !re is any peculi> presumption at all1 f analogy1 ev5 9 ! l[e/ degree1 aga9/ miracles1 z di/+ui%$ f o!r extraord9>y ph5om5a3 ?\gh x is n wor? :ile to p]plex ! read] ) inquiries into ! ab/ract nature ( evid5ce1 9 ord] to det]m9e a "q1 :i*1 )\t su* inquiries1 we see#agj is ( no importance4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,our ,,incapacity ,,( ,,judg+1 ,,:at ,,7 ,,to ,,be ,,expect$ ,,9 ,a ,,revelation2 ,,& ,,! ,,cr$ibility1 ,,f ,,analogy1 ,,t ,,x ,,mu/ ,,conta9 ,,?+s ,,liable ,,to ,,objections4 ,besides ! objections aga9/ ! evid5ce = ,*ri/ianity1 _m are alleg$ aga9/ ! s*eme ( x2 aga9/ ! :ole mann] 9 :i* x is put & left ) ! _w2 z well z aga9/ sev]al p>ticul> relations 9 ,scripture3 objections drawn f ! defici5cies ( revelation3 f ?+s 9 x appe>+ to m5 fooli%ness2#aga f its conta9+ matt]s ( (f5ce1 :i* h l$1 & x mu/ h be5 =ese5 w\ld lead1 into /range en?usiasm & sup]/ition1 & be made to s]ve ! purposes ( tyranny & wick$ness2 f its n be+ univ]sal2 &1 :i* is a ?+ ( ! same k9d1 f its evid5ce n be+ s conv9c+ & satisfactory z x might h be53 = ?is la/ is sometimes turn$ into a positive argum5t aga9/ its tru?4#agb ,x w\ld be t$i\s1 inde$ impossible1 to enum]ate ! sev]al p>ticul>s compreh5d$ "u ! objections "h ref]r$ to2 !y be+ s v>i\s1 accord+ to ! diff]5t fancies ( m54 ,!re are p]sons :o ?9k x a /rong objection aga9/ ! au?ority ( ,scripture1 t x is n compos$ by rules ( art1 agre$ ^u by critics1 = polite & correct writ+4 ,& ! scorn is inexpressible1 ) :i* "s ( ! prophetic p>ts ( ,scripture are treat$3 p>tly ?r\gh ! ra%ness ( int]pret]s2 b v mu* also1 on acc\nt ( ! hi]oglyphical & figurative language1 9 :i* !y are left u4 ,"s ( ! pr9cipal ?+s ( ?is sort %all be p>ticul>ly consid]$ 9 ! foll[+ *apt]s4 ,b my design at pres5t is to obs]ve 9 g5]al1 ) respect to ?is :ole way ( argu+1 t1 ^u supposition ( a revelation1 x is highly cr$ible be=eh&1 t we %\ld be incompet5t judges ( x to a great degree3 & t x w\ld conta9 _m ?+s appe>+ to u liable to great objections2 9 case we judge ( x o!rwise1 ?an by ! analogy ( nature4 ,!re=e1 ?\gh objections aga9/ ! evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity are mo/ s]i\sly to be consid]$1 yet objections aga9/ ,*ri/ianity itself are1 9 a great measure1 frivol\s3 almo/ all objections aga9/ x1 except+ ^? :i* are alleg$ aga9/ ! p>ticul> pro(s ( its com+ f ,god4 ,i express myself ) caution1 le/ ,i %\ld be mi/ak5 to vilify reason2 :i* is inde$ ! only faculty we h :]e) to judge conc]n+ any ?+1 ev5 revelation itself3 or be misund]/ood to ass]t1 t a suppos$ revelation _c be prov$ false1 f int]nal *>act]s4 ,=1 x may conta9 cle> immoralities or contradictions2 & ei!r ( ^! w\ld prove x false4 ,nor w ,i take ^u me to affirm1 t no?+ else c possibly r5d] any suppos$ revelation incr$ible4 ,yet /ill ! obs]vation above1 is1 ,i ?9k1 true beyond d\bt2 t objections aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 z di/+ui%$ f objections aga9/ its evid5ce1 are frivol\s4 ,to make out ?is1 is ! g5]al design ( ! pres5t *apt]4 ,) reg>d to ! :ole ( x1 ,i _c b p>ticul>ly wi%1 t ! pro(s might be att5d$ to2 r ?an ! ass]tions cavill$ at1 ^u acc\nt ( any unacceptable consequ5ces1 real or suppos$1 :i* may be drawn f !m4 ,=1 aft] all1 t :i* is true1 mu/ be admitt$1 ?\gh x %\ld %[ u ! %ortness ( our faculties3 & t we are 9 no wise judges ( _m ?+s1 ( :i* we are apt to ?9k ourselves v compet5t ones4 ,nor w ?is be any objection ) reasonable m52 at lea/ ^u second ?\ght x w n be any objection ) su*1 aga9/ ! ju/ness ( ! foll[+ obs]vations4 ,z ,god gov]ns ! _w & in/ructs 8 creatures1 accord+ to c]ta9 laws or rules1 9 ! kn[n c\rse ( nature2 kn[n by reason toge!r ) exp]i5ce3 s ! ,scripture in=ms u ( a s*eme ( div9e ,provid5ce1 additional to ?is4 ,x relates1 t ,god has1 by revelation1 in/ruct$ m5 9 ?+s conc]n+ 8 gov]nm5t1 :i* !y c\ld n o!rwise h kn[n2 & rem9d$ !m ( ?+s1 :i* !y might o!rwise "k2 & atte/$ ! tru? ( ! :ole by miracles4 ,n[ if ! natural & ! reveal$ disp5sation ( ?+s are bo? f ,god1 if !y co9cide ) ea* o!r1 & toge!r make up "o s*eme ( ,provid5ce2 our be+ incompet5t judges ( "o1 mu/ r5d] x cr$ible1 t we may be incompet5t judges also ( ! o!r4 ,^u exp]i5ce1 ! ackn[l$g$ con/itution & c\rse ( nature is f\nd to be greatly diff]5t f :at1 be=e exp]i5ce1 w\ld h be5 expect$2 & su* z1 m5 fancy1 !re lie great objections aga9/4 ,?is r5d]s x be=eh& highly cr$ible1 t !y may f9d ! reveal$ disp5sation likewise1 if !y judge ( x z !y d ( ! con/itution ( nature1 v diff]5t f expectations =m$ be=eh&2 & liable1 9 appe>ance1 to great objections3 objections aga9/ ! s*eme itself1 & aga9/ ! degrees & mann]s ( ! miracul\s int]positions by :i* x 0 atte/$ & c>ri$ on4 ,?us1 suppose a pr9ce to gov]n 8 dom9ions 9 ! wise/ mann] possible1 by common kn[n laws2 & t ^u "s exig5cies he %\ld susp5d ^! laws2 & gov]n1 9 sev]al in/ances1 9 a diff]5t mann]4 ,if "o ( 8 subjects 7 n a compet5t judge be=eh&1 by :at common rules ! gov]nm5t %\ld or w\ld be c>ri$ on2 x c\ld n be expect$1 t ! same p]son w\ld be a compet5t judge1 9 :at exig5cies1 or 9 :at mann]1 or to :at degree1 ^? laws commonly obs]v$ w\ld be susp5d$ or deviat$ f4 ,if he 7 n a judge ( ! wisdom ( ! ord9>y adm9i/ration1 !re is no reason to ?9k he w\ld be a judge ( ! wisdom ( ! extraord9>y4 ,if he ?\ght he _h objections aga9/ ! =m]2 d\btless1 x is highly supposable1 he might ?9k also1 t he _h objections aga9/ ! latt]4 ,& ?us1 z we fall into inf9ite follies & mi/akes1 :5ev] we pret5d1 o!rwise ?an f exp]i5ce & analogy1 to judge ( ! con/itution & c\rse ( nature2 x is evid5tly supposable be=eh&1 t we %\ld fall into z great1 9 pret5d+ to judge 9 l mann] conc]n+ revelation4 ,nor is !re any m gr\nd to expect t ?is latt] %\ld appe> to u cle> ( objections1 ?an t ! =m] %\ld4 ,^! obs]vations1 relat+ to ! :ole ( ,*ri/ianity1 are applicable to inspiration 9 p>ticul>4 ,z we are 9 no sort judges be=eh&1 by :at laws or rules1 9 :at degree1 or by :at means1 x 7 to h be5 expect$1 t ,god w\ld naturally in/ruct u2 s ^u supposition ( 8 af=d+ u light & in/ruction by revelation1 additional to :at he has af=d$ u by reason & exp]i5ce1 we are 9 no sort judges1 by :at me?ods1 & 9 :at proportion1 x 7 to be expect$ t ?is sup]natural light & in/ruction w\ld be af=d$ u4 ,we "k n be=eh&1 :at degree or k9d ( natural in=mation x 7 to be expect$ ,god w\ld af=d m51 ea* by 8 own reason & exp]i5ce3 nor h[ f> he w\ld enable & effectually dispose !m to communicate x1 :atev] x %\ld be1 to ea* o!r2 nor :e!r ! evid5ce ( x w\ld be c]ta91 highly probable1 or d\btful2 nor :e!r x w\ld be giv5 ) equal cle>ness & conviction to all4 ,nor c\ld we guess1 ^u any good gr\nd ,i mean1 :e!r natural k1 or ev5 ! faculty itself1 by :i* we are capable ( atta9+ x1 reason1 w\ld be giv5 u at once1 or gradually4 ,9 l mann]1 we are :olly ignorant1 :at degree ( new k1 x 7 to be expect$1 ,god w\ld give mank9d by revelation1 ^u supposition ( 8 af=d+ "o3 or h[ f>1 or 9 :at way1 he w\ld int]pose miracul\sly1 to qualify !m1 to :om he %\ld orig9ally make ! revelation1 = communicat+ ! k giv5 by x2 & to secure _! do+ x to ! age 9 :i* !y %\ld live2 & to secure its be+ transmitt$ to po/]ity4 ,we are equally ignorant1 :e!r ! evid5ce ( x w\ld be c]ta9 or highly probable1 or d\btful3#agc or :e!r all :o %\ld h any degree ( in/ruction f x1 & any degree ( evid5ce ( its tru?1 w\ld h ! same3 or :e!r ! s*eme w\ld be reveal$ at once1 or unfold$ gradually4#agd ,nay we are n 9 any sort able to judge1 :e!r x 7 to h be5 expect$1 t ! revelation %\ld h be5 committ$ to writ+2 or left to be h&$ d[n1 & consequ5tly corrupt$1 by v]bal tradition1 & at l5g? sunk "u x1 if mank9d s pleas$1 & dur+ su* "t z !y are p]mitt$1 9 ! degree !y evid5tly are1 to act z !y w4 ,b x may be said1 8t a revelation 9 "s ( ! above-m5tion$ circum/ances1 "o1 = in/ance1 :i* 0 n committ$ to writ+1 & ?us secur$ aga9/ dang] ( corruption1 w\ld n h answ]$ its purpose40 ,i ask1 :at purpose8 ,x w\ld n h answ]$ all ! purposes1 :i* x has n[ answ]$1 & 9 ! same degree3 b x w\ld h answ]$ o!rs1 or ! same 9 diff]5t degrees4 ,& :i* ( ^! 7 ! purposes ( ,god1 & be/ fell 9 ) 8 g5]al gov]nm5t1 we c\ld n at all h det]m9$ be=eh&4 ,n[ s9ce we h no pr9ciples ( reason1 ^u :i* to judge be=eh&1 h[ x 7 to be expect$ t revelation %\ld h be5 left1 or :at 0 mo/ suitable to ! div9e plan ( gov]nm5t1 9 any ( ! =em5tion$ respects2 x mu/ be q frivol\s to object aft]w>ds z to any ( !m1 aga9/ its be+ left 9 "o way1 r ?an ano!r3 = ?is w\ld be to object aga9/ ?+s1 ^u acc\nt ( _! be+ diff]5t f expectations1 :i* has be5 %[n to be )\t reason4 ,?us we see1 t ! only "q conc]n+ ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity is1 :e!r x be a real revelation2 n :e!r x be att5d$ ) e circum/ance :i* we %\ld h look$ =3 & conc]n+ ! au?ority ( ,scripture1 :e!r x be :at x claims to be2 n :e!r x be a book ( su* sort1 & s promulg$1 z weak m5 are apt to fancy a book conta9+ a div9e revelation %\ld be4 ,!re=e1 nei!r obscurity1 nor seem+ inaccuracy ( /yle1 nor v>i\s read+s1 nor e>ly disputes ab\t ! au?ors ( p>ticul> p>ts1 nor any o!r ?+s ( ! l k9d1 ?\gh !y _h be5 mu* m consid]able 9 degree ?an !y are1 c\ld ov]?r[ ! au?ority ( ! ,scripture3 unless ! prophets1 apo/les1 or our ,"l1 _h promis$1 t ! book conta9+ ! div9e revelation %\ld be exempt f ^? ?+s4 ,nor inde$ c any objections ov]?r[ su* a k9d ( revelation z ! ,*ri/ian claims to be1 7s9ce !re are no objections aga9/ ! morality ( x1#age7 b su* z c %[1 t !re is no pro( ( miracles wr\ght orig9ally 9 atte/ation ( x2 no appe>ance ( any ?+ miracul\s 9 its obta9+ 9 ! _w2 nor any ( prophecy1 t is1 ( ev5ts =etold1 :i* human sagacity c\ld n =esee4 ,if x c be %[n1 t ! pro( alleg$ = all ^! is absolutely none at all1 !n is revelation ov]turn$4 ,b 7 x all[$1 t ! pro( ( any "o or all ( !m is l[] ?an is all[$2 yet1 :il/ any pro( ( !m rema9s1 revelation w /& ^u mu* ! same foot x does at pres5t1 z to all ! purposes ( life & practice1 & ought to h ! l influ5ce ^u our behavior4 ,f ! =ego+ obs]vations too1 x w foll[1 & ^? :o w ?or\ghly exam9e into revelation w f9d x wor? rem>k+1 t !re are sev]al ways ( argu+1 :i* ?\gh j ) reg>d to o!r writ+s1 are n applicable to ,scripture3 at lea/ n to its prophetic p>ts4 ,we _c argue1 = in/ance1 t su* & su* _c be ! s5se or int5t ( a passage ( ,scripture1 =1 if x _h1 x w\ld h be5 express$ m pla9ly1 or repres5t$ "u a m apt figure or hi]oglyphic4 ,yet we may ju/ly argue ?us1 ) respect to common books4 ,& ! reason ( ?is diff]5ce is v evid5t4 ,9 ,scripture we are n compet5t judges1 z we are 9 common books1 h[ pla9ly x 7 to h be5 expect$1 t ! s5se %\ld h be5 express$1 or "u h[ apt an image figur$4 ,! only "q is1 :at appe>ance !re is1 t ?is is ! s5se2 & sc>ce at all1 h[ mu* m det]m9ately or accurately x might h be5 express$ or figur$4#agf 8,b is x n self-evid5t1 t int]nal improbabilities ( all k9ds weak5 ext]nal probable pro(80 ,d\btless4 ,b to :at practical purpose c ?is be alleg$ "h1 :5 x has be5 prov$ be=e1#agg t real int]nal improbabilities1 :i* rise ev5 to moral c]ta9ty1 are ov]come by ! mo/ ord9>y te/imony2 & :5 x n[ has be5 made to appe>1 t we sc>ce "k :at are improbabilities1 z to ! matt] we are "h consid]+3 z x w fur!r appe> f :at foll[s4 ,f ! obs]vations made above x is manife/1 t we are n 9 any sort compet5t judges1 :at sup]natural in/ruction 7 to h be5 expect$2 & x is self-evid5t1 t ! objections ( an incompet5t judgm5t mu/ be frivol\s4 ,yet x may be prop] to g "o /ep fur!r1 & obs]ve1 t if m5 w be reg>dless ( ^! ?+s1 & pret5d to judge ( ! ,scripture by preconceiv$ expectations2 ! analogy ( nature %[s be=eh&1 n only t x is highly cr$ible !y may1 b also probable t !y w1 imag9e !y h /rong objections aga9/ x1 h[ev] really unexceptionable4 ,= s1 prior to exp]i5ce1 !y w\ld ?9k !y _h1 aga9/ ! circum/ances1 & degrees1 & ! :ole mann] ( t in/ruction1 :i* is af=d$ by ! ord9>y c\rse ( nature4 ,7 ! in/ruction :i* ,god af=ds to brute creatures by in/9cts & m]e prop5sions1 & to mank9d by ^! toge!r ) reason1 matt] ( probable pro(1 & n ( c]ta9 obs]vation3 x w\ld be reject$ z incr$ible1 9 _m in/ances ( x1 only ^u acc\nt ( ! means by :i* ?is in/ruction is giv51 ! seem+ disproportions1 ! limitations1 necess>y conditions1 & circum/ances ( x4 ,= in/ance3 w\ld x n h be5 ?\ght highly improbable1 t m5 %\ld h be5 s mu* m capable ( discov]+1 ev5 to c]ta9ty1 ! g5]al laws ( matt]1 & ! magnitudes1 pa?s1 & revolutions1 ( heav5ly bodies2 ?an ! occasions & cures ( di/emp]s1 & _m o!r ?+s 9 :i* human life seems s mu* m ne>ly conc]n$1 ?an 9 a/ronomy8 ,h[ caprici\s & irregul> a way ( in=mation w\ld x be said2 is t ( inv5tion1 by means ( :i* nature in/ructs u 9 matt]s ( sci5ce1 & 9 _m ?+s1 ^u :i* ! affairs ( ! _w greatly dep5d3 t a man %\ld1 by ?is faculty1 be made acqua9t$ ) a ?+ 9 an in/ant1 7:5 p]haps he is ?9k+ ( some?+ else17 :i* he has 9 va9 be5 se>*+ aft]1 x may be1 = ye>s4 ,s likewise ! imp]fections att5d+ ! only me?od1 by :i* nature enables & directs u to communicate our ?\ghts to ea* o!r1 are innum]able4 ,language is1 9 its v nature1 inadequate1 ambigu\s1 liable to inf9ite abuse1 ev5 f neglig5ce2 & s liable to x f design1 t e man c deceive & betray by x4 ,&1 to m5tion b "o in/ance m2 t brutes1 )\t reason1 %\ld act1 9 _m respects1 ) a sagacity & =esight va/ly great] ?an :at m5 h 9 ^? respects1 w\ld be ?\ght impossible4 ,yet x is c]ta9 !y d act ) su* sup]ior =esight3 :e!r x be _! own1 inde$1 is ano!r "q4 ,f ^! ?+s1 x is highly cr$ible be=eh&1 t ^u supposition t ,god %\ld af=d m5 "s additional in/ruction by revelation1 x w\ld be ) circum/ances1 9 mann]s1 degrees1 & respects1 aga9/ ! cr$ibility ( :i* we %\ld be apt to fancy we _h great objections4 ,nor are ! objections aga9/ ! ,scripture1 nor aga9/ ,*ri/ianity 9 g5]al1 at all m or great]1 ?an ! analogy ( nature w\ld be=eh&--n p]haps give gr\nd to expect2 7= ! analogy may n be suffici5t1 9 "s cases1 to gr\nd an expectation ^u27 b no m nor great]1 ?an analogy w\ld %[ x1 be=eh&1 to be supposable & cr$ible1 t !re might seem to lie aga9/ revelation4 ,by apply+ ^! g5]al obs]vations to a p>ticul> objection1 x w be m di/9ctly se51 h[ !y are applicable to o!rs ( ! l k9d2 & inde$ to almo/ all objections aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 z di/+ui%$ f objections aga9/ its evid5ce4 ,x appe>s f ,scripture1 t1 z x 0 n unusual 9 ! apo/olic age1 = p]sons1 ^u _! conv]sion to ,*ri/ianity1 to be endu$ ) miracul\s gifts2 s1 "s ( ^? p]sons ex]cis$ ^! gifts 9 a /rangely irregul> & disord]ly mann]2#agh & ?is is made an objection aga9/ _! be+ really miracul\s4 ,n[ ! =ego+ obs]vations q remove ?is objection1 h[ consid]able soev] x may appe> at fir/ sight4 ,=1 consid] a p]son endu$ ) any ( ^! gifts1 = in/ance t ( tongues3 x is to be suppos$1 t he _h ! same p[] ov] ?is miracul\s gift1 z he w\ld h _h ov] x1 _h x be5 ! effect ( habit1 ( /udy & use1 z x ord9>ily is2 or ! same p[] ov] x1 z he _h ov] any o!r natural end[m5t4 ,consequ5tly1 he w\ld use x 9 ! same mann] z he did any o!r2 ei!r regul>ly1 & ^u prop] occasions only1 or irregul>ly1 & ^u improp] ones3 accord+ to 8 s5se ( dec5cy1 & 8 "* ( prud5ce4#agi ,:]e !n is ! objection8 ,:y1 if ?is miracul\s p[] 0 inde$ giv5 to ! _w to propagate ,*ri/ianity1 & atte/ ! tru? ( x1 we might1 x seems1 h expect$1 t o!r sort ( p]sons %\ld h be5 *os5 to be inve/$ ) x2 or t ^! %\ld1 at ! same "t1 h be5 endu$ ) prud5ce2 or t !y %\ld h be5 cont9ually re/ra9$ & direct$ 9 ! ex]cise ( x3 i4e4 t ,god %\ld h miracul\sly int]pos$1 if at all1 9 a diff]5t mann]1 or high] degree4 ,b1 f ! obs]vations made above1 x is und5iably evid5t1 t we are n judges 9 :at degrees & mann]s x 7 to h be5 expect$ he %\ld miracul\sly int]pose2 ^u supposition ( 8 do+ x 9 "s degree & mann]4 ,nor1 9 ! natural c\rse ( ,provid5ce1 are sup]ior gifts ( memory1 eloqu5ce1 k1 & o!r tal5ts ( great influ5ce1 conf]r$ only on p]sons ( prud5ce & dec5cy1 or su* z are dispos$ to make ! prop]e/ use ( !m4 ,nor is ! in/ruction & admonition naturally af=d$ u = ! conduct ( life1 p>ticul>ly 9 our education1 commonly giv5 9 a mann] ! mo/ suit$ to recomm5d x2 b (t5 ) circum/ances apt to prejudice u aga9/ su* in/ruction4 ,"o might g on to add1 !re is a great resemblance betwe5 ! light ( nature & ( revelation1 9 sev]al o!r respects4 ,practical ,*ri/ianity1 or t fai? & behavior :i* r5d]s a man a ,*ri/ian1 is a pla9 & obvi\s ?+3 l ! common rules ( conduct1 ) respect to ord9>y temporal affairs4 ,! m di/9ct & p>ticul> k ( ^? ?+s1 ! /udy ( :i* ! apo/le calls go+ on unto p]fection1#ahj & ( ! prophetic p>ts ( revelation1 l _m p>ts ( natural & ev5 civil k1 may require v exact ?\ght1 & c>eful consid]ation4 ,! h9d]ances too1 ( natural1 & ( sup]natural light & k1 h be5 ( ! same k9d4 ,& z x is own$ ! :ole s*eme ( ,scripture is n yet und]/ood2 s1 if x ev] comes to be und]/ood1 be=e ! re/itution ( all ?+s1#aha & )\t miracul\s int]positions1 x mu/ be 9 ! same way z natural k is come at3 by ! cont9uance & progress ( le>n+ & ( lib]ty2#ahb & by p>ticul> p]sons att5d+ to1 comp>+1 & pursu+1 intimations scatt]$ up & d[n x1 :i* are ov]look$ & disreg>d$ by ! g5]ality ( ! _w4 ,= ?is is ! way 9 :i* all improvem5ts are made2 by ?\ghtful m5's trac+ on obscure h9ts1 dropp$ u by nature z x 71 accid5tally1 or :i* seem to come into our m9ds by *ance4 ,nor is x at all incr$ible1 t a book :i* has be5 s long 9 ! possession ( mank9d1 %\ld conta9 _m tru?s z yet undiscov]$4 ,=1 all ! same ph5om5a1 & ! same faculties ( inve/igation1 f :i* su* great discov]ies 9 natural k h be5 made 9 ! pres5t & la/ age1 7 equally 9 ! possession ( mank9d1 sev]al ?\s& ye>s be=e4 ,& possibly x might be int5d$1 t ev5ts1 z !y come to pass1 %\ld op5 & asc]ta9 ! mean+ ( sev]al p>ts ( ,scripture4 ,x may be object$1 t ?is analogy fails 9 a mat]ial respect3 = t natural k is ( little or no consequ5ce4 ,b ,i h be5 speak+ ( ! g5]al in/ruction :i* nature does or does n af=d u4 ,& besides1 "s p>ts ( natural k1 9 ! m common re/ra9$ s5se ( ! words1 are ( ! greate/ consequ5ce to ! ease & conv5i5ce ( life4 ,b suppose ! analogy did1 z x does n1 fail 9 ?is respect2 yet x might be abundantly suppli$1 f ! :ole con/itution & c\rse ( nature3 :i* %[s1 t ,god does n disp5se 8 gifts accord+ to our notions ( ! advantage & consequ5ce !y w\ld be ( to u4 ,& ?is 9 g5]al1 ) 8 me?od ( disp5s+ k 9 p>ticul>1 w\ld toge!r make out an analogy full to ! po9t be=e u4 ,b x may be object$ /ill fur!r & m g5]ally2 8,! ,scripture repres5ts ! _w z 9 a /ate ( ru91 & ,*ri/ianity z an exp$i5t to recov] x1 to help 9 ^! respects :]e nature fails3 9 p>ticul>1 to supply ! defici5cies ( natural light4 ,is x cr$ible !n1 t s _m ages %\ld h be5 let pass1 be=e a matt] ( su* a sort1 ( s great & s g5]al importance1 0 made kn[n to mank9d2 & !n t x %\ld be made kn[n to s small a "p ( !m8 ,is x conceivable1 t ?is supply %\ld be s v defici5t1 %\ld h ! l obscurity & d\btfulness1 be liable to ! l p]v]sions1 9 %ort1 lie op5 to all ! l objections1 z ! light ( nature itself80#ahc ,)\t det]m9+ h[ f> ?is1 9 fact1 is s1 ,i answ]2 x is by no means incr$ible1 t x might be s1 if ! light ( nature & ( revelation be f ! same h&4 ,m5 are naturally liable to diseases3 = :i* ,god1 9 8 good provid5ce1 has provid$ natural rem$ies4#ahd ,b rem$ies exi/+ 9 nature h be5 unkn[n to mank9d = _m ages2 are kn[n b to few n[2 probably _m valuable ones are n kn[n yet4 ,great has be5 & is ! obscurity & difficulty1 9 ! nature & application ( !m4 ,circum/ances seem (t5 to make !m v improp]1 :]e !y are absolutely necess>y4 ,x is aft] long labor & /udy1 & _m unsuccessful endeavors1 t !y are br\ght to be z useful z !y are2 aft] high contempt & absolute rejection ( ! mo/ useful we h2 & aft] disputes & d\bts1 :i* h seem$ to be endless4 ,! be/ rem$ies too1 :5 unskilfully1 mu* m :5 di%one/ly appli$1 may produce new diseases2 & ) ! righte/ application ! success ( !m is (t5 d\btful4 ,9 _m cases !y are n effectual3 :]e !y are1 x is (t5 v sl[ly3 & ! application ( !m1 & ! necess>y regim5 accompany+ x1 is n uncommonly s disagreeable1 t "s w n submit to !m2 & satisfy !mselves ) ! excuse1 t if !y w\ld1 x is n c]ta9 :e!r x w\ld be successful4 ,& _m p]sons1 :o labor "u diseases1 = :i* !re are kn[n natural rem$ies1 are n s happy z to be always1 if ev]1 9 ! way ( !m4 ,9 a ^w1 ! rem$ies :i* nature has provid$ = diseases are nei!r c]ta91 p]fect1 nor univ]sal4 ,& inde$ ! same pr9ciples ( argu+1 :i* w\ld lead u to conclude1 t !y mu/ be s1 w\ld lead u likewise to conclude1 t !re c\ld be no occasion = !m2 i4e4 t !re c\ld be no diseases at all4 ,& !re=e our exp]i5ce t !re are diseases1 %[s t x is cr$ible be=eh&1 ^u supposition nature has provid$ rem$ies = !m1 t ^! rem$ies may be1 z by exp]i5ce we f9d !y are1 nei!r c]ta91 nor p]fect1 nor univ]sal2 because x %[s1 t ! pr9ciples ^u :i* we %\ld expect ! contr>y are fallaci\s4 ,& n[1 :at is ! j consequ5ce f all ^! ?+s8 ,n t reason is no judge ( :at is (f]$ to u z be+ ( div9e revelation4 ,= ?is w\ld be to inf] t we are unable to judge ( any ?+1 because we are unable to judge ( all ?+s4 ,reason c1 & x ought to judge1 n only ( ! mean+1 b also ( ! morality & ! evid5ce ( revelation4 ,fir/1 ,x is ! prov9ce ( reason to judge ( ! morality ( ! ,scripture2 i4e4 n :e!r x conta9s ?+s diff]5t f :at we %\ld h expect$ f a wise1 j1 & good ,be+2 7= objections f h5ce h be5 n[ obviat$37 b :e!r x conta9s ?+s pla9ly contradictory to wisdom1 ju/ice1 or goodness2 to :at ! light ( nature tea*es u ( ,god4 ,& ,i "k no?+ ( ?is sort object$ aga9/ ,scripture1 except+ su* objections z are =m$ ^u suppositions1 :i* w\ld equally conclude1 t ! con/itution ( nature is contradictory to wisdom1 ju/ice1 or goodness2 :i* mo/ c]ta9ly x is n4 ,!re are1 inde$1 "s p>ticul> precepts 9 ,scripture1 giv5 to p>ticul> p]sons1 requir+ actions1 :i* w\ld be immoral & vici\s1 7 x n = su* precepts4 ,b x is easy to see1 t all ^! are ( su* a k9d1 z t ! precept *anges ! :ole nature ( ! case & ( ! action2 & bo? con/itutes & %[s t n to be unju/ or immoral1 :i*1 prior to ! precept1 mu/ h appe>$ & really be5 s3 :i* may well be1 s9ce none ( ^! precepts are contr>y to immutable morality4 ,if x 7 comm&$1 to cultivate ! pr9ciples1 & act f ! _s ( trea*]y1 +ratitude1 cruelty2 ! comm& w\ld n alt] ! nature ( ! case or ( ! action1 9 any ( ^! in/ances4 ,b x is q o!rwise 9 precepts1 :i* require only ! do+ an ext]nal action3 = in/ance1 tak+ away ! prop]ty1 or life ( any4 ,= m5 h no "r1 ei!r to life or prop]ty1 b :at arises solely f ! grant ( ,god4 ,:5 ?is grant is revok$1 !y cease to h any "r at all 9 ei!r3 & :5 ?is revocation is made kn[n1 z surely x is possible x may be1 x mu/ cease to be unju/ to deprive !m ( ei!r4 ,& ?\gh a c\rse ( ext]nal acts1 :i* )\t comm& w\ld be immoral1 mu/ make an immoral habit2 yet a few deta*$ comm&s h no su* natural t5d5cy4 ,i ?\ght prop] to say ?us mu* ( ! few ,scripture precepts1 :i* require1 n vici\s actions1 b actions :i* w\ld h be5 vici\s1 b = su* precepts2 because !y are sometimes weakly urg$ z immoral1 & great weight is laid ^u objections drawn f !m4 ,to me !re seems no difficulty at all 9 ^! precepts1 b :at arises f _! be+ (f5ces3 i4e4 f _! be+ liable to be p]v]t$1 z inde$ !y are1 by wick$ design+ m51 to s]ve ! mo/ horrid purposes2 & p]haps to mislead ! weak & en?usia/ic4 ,& objections f ?is head are n objections aga9/ revelation2 b aga9/ ! :ole notion ( religion1 z a trial3 & aga9/ ! g5]al con/itution ( nature4 ,secondly1 ,reason is able to judge1 & mu/1 ( ! evid5ce ( revelation1 & ( ! objections urg$ aga9/ t evid5ce3 :i* %all be ! subject ( a foll[+ *apt]4#ahe ,! consequ5ce ( ! =ego+ obs]vations is1 t ! "q ^u :i* ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity dep5ds1 is sc>cely at all :at objections !re are aga9/ its s*eme1 s9ce !re are none aga9/ ! morality ( x1 b :at objections !re are aga9/ its evid5ce2 or1 :at pro( !re rema9s ( x1 aft] due all[ances are made = ! objections aga9/ t pro(3 because x has be5 %[n1 t ! objections aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 z di/+ui%$ f objections aga9/ its evid5ce1 are frivol\s4 ,= surely v little weight1 if any at all1 is to be laid ^u a way ( argu+ & object+1 :i*1 :5 appli$ to ! g5]al con/itution ( nature1 exp]i5ce %[s n to be conclusive3 & su*1 ,i ?9k1 is ! :ole way ( object+ treat$ ( ?r\gh\t ?is *apt]4 ,x is resolvable into pr9ciples1 & goes ^u suppositions1 :i* mislead u to ?9k1 t ! ,au?or ( nature w\ld n act1 z we exp]i5ce he does2 or w\ld act1 9 su* & su* cases1 z we exp]i5ce he does n 9 l cases4 ,b ! unreasonabl5ess ( ?is way ( object+ w appe> yet m evid5tly f h5ce1 t ! *ief ?+s ?us object$ aga9/ are ju/ifi$1 z %all be fur!r %[n1#ahf by di/9ct1 p>ticul>1 & full analogies1 9 ! con/itution & c\rse ( nature4 ,x is to be rememb]$1 t1 z frivol\s z objections ( ! =ego+ sort aga9/ revelation are1 yet1 :5 a suppos$ revelation is m consi/5t ) itself1 & has a m g5]al & uni=m t5d5cy to promote virtue1 ?an1 all circum/ances consid]$1 c\ld h be5 expect$ f en?usiasm & political views1 ?is is a presumptive pro( ( its n proce$+ f !m1 & s ( its tru?3 because we are compet5t judges1 :at might h be5 expect$ f en?usiasm & political views4#ahg ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,*ri/ianity1 ,,consid]$ ,,z ,a ,,s*eme ,,or ,,con/itution1 ,,imp]fectly ,,compreh5d$4 ,z ha? be5 n[ %[n1#ahh ! analogy ( nature r5d]s x highly cr$ible be=eh&1 t1 suppos+ a revelation to be made1 x mu/ conta9 _m ?+s v diff]5t f :at we %\ld h expect$1 & su* z appe> op5 to great objections3 & t ?is obs]vation1 9 good measure1 takes (f ! =ce ( ^? objections1 or r precludes !m4 ,x may be alleg$1 t ?is is a v p>tial answ] to su* objections1 or a v unsatisfactory way ( obviat+ !m3 because x does n %[ at all1 t ! ?+s object$ aga9/ c be wise1 j1 & good2 mu* less1 t x is cr$ible !y are s4 ,x w !re=e be prop] to %[ ?is di/9ctly2 by apply+ to ^! objections aga9/ ! wisdom1 ju/ice1 & goodness ( ,*ri/ianity1 ! answ] above#ahi giv5 to ! l objections aga9/ ! con/itution ( nature3 be=e we consid] ! p>ticul> analogies 9 ! latt]1 to ! p>ticul> ?+s object$ aga9/ 9 ! =m]4 ,n[ t :i* af=ds a suffici5t answ] to objections aga9/ ! wisdom1 ju/ice1 & goodness ( ! con/itution ( nature1 is its be+ a con/itution1 a sy/em1 or s*eme1 imp]fectly compreh5d$2#aij a s*eme 9 :i* means are made use ( to accompli% ends2 & :i* is c>ri$ on by g5]al laws4 ,= f ^! ?+s x has be5 prov$1 n only to be possible1 b also to be cr$ible1 t ^? ?+s :i* are object$ aga9/ may be consi/5t ) wisdom1 ju/ice1 & goodness2 nay1 may be in/ances ( !m3 & ev5 t ! con/itution & gov]nm5t ( nature may be p]fect 9 ! highe/ possible degree4 ,if ,*ri/ianity !n be a s*eme1 & ( ! l k9d2 x is evid5t1 ! l objections aga9/ x mu/ admit ( ! l answ]4 ,&1 ,i4 ,*ri/ianity is a s*eme1 q beyond our compreh5sion4 ,! moral gov]nm5t ( ,god is ex]cis$1 by gradually conduct+ ?+s s 9 ! c\rse ( 8 provid5ce1 t e "o1 at l5g? & ^u ! :ole1 %all receive accord+ to 8 des]ts2 & nei!r fraud nor viol5ce1 b tru? & "r1 %all f9ally prevail4 ,*ri/ianity is a p>ticul> s*eme "u ?is g5]al plan ( ,provid5ce1 & a "p ( x1 conducive to its completion1 ) reg>d to mank9d3 consi/+ itself also ( v>i\s p>ts1 & a my/]i\s economy1 :i* has be5 c>ry+ on f ! "t ! _w came into its pres5t wret*$ /ate1 & is /ill c>ry+ on1 = its recov]y1 by a div9e p]son1 ! ,messiah2 :o is to ga!r toge!r 9 "o ! *ildr5 ( ,god1 t are scatt]$ abroad1#aia & e/abli% an ev]la/+ k+dom1 :]e9 dwelle? righte\sness4#aib ,9 ord] to x2 aft] v>i\s manife/ations ( ?+s1 relat+ to ?is great & g5]al s*eme ( ,provid5ce1 ?r\gh a succession ( _m ages3 7,= ! ,_s ( ,*ri/ :i* 0 9 ! prophets1 te/ifi$ be=eh& 8 suff]+s1 & ! glory t %\ld foll[3 unto :om x 0 reveal$1 t n unto !mselves1 b unto u !y did m9i/] ! ?+s :i* are n[ report$ unto u by !m t h prea*$ ! ,gospel2 :i* ?+s ! angels desire to look into3#aic7--;aft] v>i\s disp5sations look+ =w>d & prep>atory to1 ?is f9al salvation3 9 ! fulness ( "t1 :5 inf9ite wisdom ?\ght fit2 ,he1 be+ 9 ! =m ( ,god1--made himself ( no reputation1 & took ^u him ! =m ( a s]vant1 & 0 made 9 ! lik5ess ( m53 & be+ f\nd 9 fa%ion z a man1 he humbl$ himself1 & became ob$i5t to dea?1 ev5 ! dea? ( ! cross4 ,:]e=e ,god also ha? highly exalt$ him1 & giv5 him a "n1 :i* is above e "n3 t at ! "n ( ,jesus e knee %\ld b[1 ( ?+s 9 heav51 & ?+s 9 ! e>?1 & ?+s "u ! e>?3 & t e tongue %\ld confess1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ is ,"l1 to ! glory ( ,god ! ,fa!r4#aid ,p>ts likewise ( ?is economy are ! miracul\s mission ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 & 8 ord9>y assi/ances giv5 to good m53#aie ! invisible gov]nm5t1 :i* ,*ri/ at pres5t ex]cises ov] 8 *ur*3 t :i* he himself ref]s to 9 ^! words3 ,9 my ,fa!r's h\se are _m mansions--,i g to prep>e a place = y3#aif & 8 future return to judge ! _w 9 righte\sness1 & completely re-e/abli% ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,= ! ,fa!r judge? no man2 b ha? committ$ all judgm5t unto ! ,son3 t all m5 %\ld honor ! ,son1 ev5 z !y honor ! ,fa!r4#aig ,all p[] is giv5 unto him 9 heav5 & 9 e>?4#aih ,& he mu/ reign1 till he ha? put all enemies "u 8 feet4 ,!n come? ! end1 :5 he %all h deliv]$ up ! k+dom to ,god1 ev5 ! ,fa!r2 :5 he %all h put d[n all rule1 & all au?ority & p[]4 ,& :5 all ?+s %all be subdu$ unto him1 !n %all ! ,son also himself be subject unto him t put all ?+s "u him1 t ,god may be all 9 all4#aii ,surely little ne$ be said to %[1 t ?is sy/em1 or s*eme ( ?+s1 is b imp]fectly compreh5d$ by u4 ,! ,scripture expressly ass]ts x to be s4 ,& inde$ "o _c read a passage relat+ to ?is great my/]y ( godl9ess1#bjj b :at imm$iately runs up into some?+ :i* %[s u our ignorance 9 x2 z e ?+ 9 nature %[s u our ignorance 9 ! con/itution ( nature4 ,& :oev] w s]i\sly consid] t "p ( ! ,*ri/ian s*eme1 :i* is reveal$ 9 ,scripture1 w f9d s mu* m unreveal$1 z w conv9ce him1 t1 to all ! purposes ( judg+ & object+1 we "k z little ( x1 z ( ! con/itution ( nature4 ,our ignorance1 !re=e1 is z mu* an answ] to our objections aga9/ ! p]fection ( "o1 z aga9/ ! p]fection ( ! o!r4#bja ,,ii4 ,x is obvi\s too1 t 9 ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation1 z mu* z 9 ! natural s*eme ( ?+s1 means are made use ( to accompli% ends4 ,! obs]vation ( ?is furni%es u ) ! same answ]1 to objections aga9/ ! p]fection ( ,*ri/ianity1 z to objections ( ! l k9d1 aga9/ ! con/itution ( nature4 ,x %[s ! cr$ibility1 t ! ?+s object$ aga9/1 h[ fooli%#bjb soev] !y appe> to m51 may be ! v be/ means ( accompli%+ ! v be/ ends4 ,& _! appe>+ fooli%ness is no presumption aga9/ ?is1 9 a s*eme s greatly beyond our compreh5sion4#bjc ,,iii4 ,! cr$ibility1 t ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation may h be51 all along1 c>ri$ on by g5]al laws1#bjd no less ?an ! c\rse ( nature1 may require to be m di/9ctly made out4 ,consid] !n1 ^u :at gr\nd x is we say1 t ! :ole common c\rse ( nature is c>ri$ on accord+ to g5]al =e-orda9$ laws4 ,we "k inde$ sev]al ( ! g5]al laws ( matt]2 & a great "p ( ! natural behavior ( liv+ ag5ts is r$ucible to g5]al laws4 ,b we "k 9 a mann] no?+1 by :at laws1 /orms1 tempe/s1 e>?quakes1 fam9e1 pe/il5ce1 become ! in/rum5ts ( de/ruction to mank9d4 ,& ! laws by :i* p]sons born into ! _w at su* a "t & place are ( su* capacities1 g5iuses1 temp]s2 ! laws by :i* ?\ghts come into our m9d1 9 a multitude ( cases2 & by :i* innum]able ?+s happ51 ( ! greate/ influ5ce ^u ! affairs & /ate ( ! _w4 ,^! laws are s :olly unkn[n to u1 t we call ! ev5ts :i* come to pass by !m1 accid5tal2 ?\gh all reasonable m5 "k c]ta9ly1 t !re _c1 9 reality1 be any su* ?+ z *ance2 & conclude t ! ?+s :i* h ?is appe>ance are ! result ( g5]al laws1 & may be r$uc$ to !m4 ,x is b an exce$+ little way1 & 9 b a v few respects1 t we c trace up ! natural c\rse ( ?+s be=e u1 to g5]al laws4 ,x is only f analogy1 t we conclude ! :ole ( x to be capable ( be+ r$uc$ to !m3 only f our see+ t "p is s4 ,x is f our f9d+1 t ! c\rse ( nature1 9 "s respects & s f>1 goes on by g5]al laws1 t we conclude ?is ( ! re/4 ,if t be a j gr\nd = su* a conclusion1 x is a j gr\nd also1 if n to conclude1 yet to appreh5d1 to r5d] x supposable & cr$ible1 :i* is suffici5t = answ]+ objections1 t ,god's miracul\s int]positions may h be51 all along 9 l mann]1 by g5]al laws ( wisdom4 ,?us1 t miracul\s p[]s %\ld be ex]t$1 at su* times1 ^u su* occasions1 9 su* degrees & mann]s1 & ) reg>d to su* p]sons1 r ?an o!rs2 t ! affairs ( ! _w1 be+ p]mitt$ to g on 9 _! natural c\rse s f>1 %\ld1 j at su* a po9t1 h a new direction giv5 !m by miracul\s int]positions2 t ^! int]positions %\ld be exactly 9 su* degrees & respects only2 all ?is may h be5 by g5]al laws4 ,^! laws are inde$ unkn[n to u3 b no m unkn[n ?an ! laws f :5ce x is1 t "s die z soon z !y are born1 & o!rs live to extreme old age2 t "o man is s sup]ior to ano!r 9 und]/&+2 ) innum]able m ?+s1 :i*1 z 0 be=e obs]v$1 we _c r$uce to any laws or rules1 ?\gh x is tak5 = grant$1 !y are z mu* r$ucible to g5]al ones1 z gravitation4 ,if ! reveal$ disp5sations ( ,provid5ce1 & miracul\s int]positions1 be by g5]al laws1 z well z ,god's ord9>y gov]nm5t 9 ! c\rse ( nature1 made kn[n by reason & exp]i5ce2 !re is no m reason to expect t e exig5ce1 z x arises1 %\ld be provid$ = by ^! g5]al laws or miracul\s int]positions1 ?an t e exig5ce 9 nature %\ld be1 by ! g5]al laws ( nature4 ,yet !re might be wise & good reasons1 :y miracul\s int]positions %\ld be by g5]al laws2 & :y ^! laws %\ld n be brok5 9 ^u1 or deviat$ f1 by o!r miracles4 ,^u ! :ole !n1 ! appe>ance ( defici5cies & irregul>ities 9 nature is ow+ to its be+ a s*eme b 9 "p made kn[n1 & ( su* a c]ta9 p>ticul> k9d 9 o!r respects4 ,we see no m reason :y ! frame & c\rse ( nature %\ld be su* a s*eme1 ?an :y ,*ri/ianity %\ld4 ,& t ! =m] is su* a s*eme1 r5d]s x cr$ible1 t ! latt]1 ^u supposition ( its tru?1 may be s too4 ,& z x is manife/1 t ,*ri/ianity is a s*eme reveal$ b 9 "p1 & a s*eme 9 :i* means are made use ( to accompli% ends1 l to t ( nature3 s ! cr$ibility1 t x may h be5 all along c>ri$ on by g5]al laws1 no less ?an ! c\rse ( nature1 has be5 di/9ctly prov$4 ,f all ?is x is be=eh& cr$ible t !re might1 ,i ?9k probable t !re w\ld1 be ! l appe>ance ( defici5cies & irregul>ities 9 ,*ri/ianity1 z 9 nature3 i4e4 t ,*ri/ianity w\ld be liable to ! l objections1 z ! frame ( nature4 ,& ^! objections are answ]$ by ^! obs]vations conc]n+ ,*ri/ianity2 z ! l objections aga9/ ! frame ( nature are answ]$ by ! l obs]vations conc]n+ ! frame ( nature4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! objections aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 consid]$ z a matt] ( fact1#bje hav+1 9 g5]al1 be5 obviat$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]2 & ! same1 consid]$ z made aga9/ ! wisdom & goodness ( x1 hav+ be5 obviat$ 9 ?is3 ! next ?+1 accord+ to ! me?od propos$1 is to %[1 t ! pr9cipal objections1 9 p>ticul>1 aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 may be answ]$1 by p>ticul> & full analogies 9 nature4 ,& z "o ( !m is made aga9/ ! :ole s*eme ( x toge!r1 z j n[ describ$1 ,i *oose to consid] x "h1 r ?an 9 a di/9ct *apt] by itself4 ,! ?+ object$ aga9/ ?is s*eme ( ! gospel is1 8t x seems to suppose ,god 0 r$uc$ to ! necessity ( a long s]ies ( intricate means1 9 ord] to accompli% 8 ends1 ! recov]y & salvation ( ! _w3 9 l sort z m51 = want ( und]/&+ or p[]1 n be+ able to come at _! ends directly1 are =c$ to g r\ndab\t ways1 & make use ( _m p]plex$ contrivances to arrive at !m10 ,n[ e ?+ :i* we see %[s ! folly ( ?is1 consid]$ z an objection aga9/ ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,=1 accord+ to our mann] ( conception1 ,god makes use ( v>iety ( means1 :at we (t5 ?9k t$i\s ones1 9 ! natural c\rse ( provid5ce1 = ! accompli%m5t ( all 8 ends4 ,inde$ x is c]ta9 !re is some:at 9 ?is matt] q beyond our compreh5sion3 b ! my/]y is z great 9 nature z 9 ,*ri/ianity4 ,we "k :at we ourselves aim at1 z f9al ends3 & :at c\rses we take1 m]ely z means conduc+ to ^? ends4 ,b we are greatly ignorant h[ f> ?+s are consid]$ by ! ,au?or ( nature1 "u ! s+le notion ( means & ends2 s z t x may be said1 ?is is m]ely an end1 & t m]ely a means1 9 8 reg>d4 ,& :e!r !re be n "s peculi> absurdity 9 our v mann] ( conception1 conc]n+ ?is matt]1 some?+ contradictory aris+ f our extremely imp]fect views ( ?+s1 x is impossible to say4 ,h[ev]1 ?is mu* is manife/1 t ! :ole natural _w & gov]nm5t ( x1 is a s*eme or sy/em2 n a fix$1 b a progressive "o3 a s*eme 9 :i* ! op]ation ( v>i\s means takes up a great l5g? ( "t1 be=e ! ends !y t5d to c be atta9$4 ,! *ange ( seasons1 ! rip5+ ( fruits1 ! v hi/ory ( a fl[]1 are in/ances ( ?is3 & s is human life4 ,?us vegetable bodies1 & ^? ( animals1 ?\gh possibly =m$ at once1 yet gr[ up by degrees to a mature /ate4 ,& ?us rational ag5ts1 :o animate ^! latt] bodies1 are naturally direct$ to =m ea* 8 own mann]s & "*1 by ! gradual ga9+ ( k & exp]i5ce1 & by a long c\rse ( action4 ,our exi/5ce is n only successive1 z x mu/ be ( necessity2 b "o /ate ( our life & be+ is appo9t$ by ,god1 to be a prep>ation = ano!r2 & t to be ! means ( atta9+ to ano!r succe$+ "o3 infancy to *ildhood2 *ildhood to y\?2 y\? to mature age4 ,m5 are impati5t1 & = precipitat+ ?+s3 b ! ,au?or ( nature appe>s delib]ate ?r\gh\t 8 op]ations2 accompli%+ 8 natural ends by sl[ successive /eps4#bjf ,& !re is a plan ( ?+s be=eh& laid out1 :i*1 f ! nature ( x1 requires v>i\s sy/ems ( means1 z well z l5g? ( "t1 9 ord] to ! c>ry+ on its sev]al p>ts into execution4 ,?us1 9 ! daily c\rse ( natural provid5ce1 ,god op]ates 9 ! v same mann]1 z 9 ! disp5sation ( ,*ri/ianity2 mak+ "o ?+ subs]vi5t to ano!r2 ?is1 to some?+ fur!r2 & s on1 ?r\gh a progressive s]ies ( means1 :i* ext5d1 bo? backw>d & =w>d1 beyond our utmo/ view4 ,( ?is mann] ( op]ation1 e ?+ we see 9 ! c\rse ( nature is z mu* an in/ance1 z any "p ( ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,p>ticul> ,,sy/em ,,( ,,*ri/ianity2 ,,! ,,appo9tm5t ,,( ,a ,,m$iator1 ,,& ,,! ,,r$emption ,,( ,,! ,,_w ,,by ,,him4 ,!re is n1 ,i ?9k1 any ?+ relat+ to ,*ri/ianity1 :i* has be5 m object$ aga9/1 ?an ! m$iation ( ,*ri/1 9 "s or o!r ( its p>ts4 ,yet ^u ?or\gh consid]ation1 !re seems no?+ less ju/ly liable to x4#bjg ,=1 ,i4 ,! :ole analogy ( nature removes all imag9$ presumption aga9/ ! g5]al notion ( a ,m$iator betwe5 ,god & man4#bjh ,= we f9d all liv+ creatures are br\ght into ! _w1 & _! life 9 infancy is pres]v$1 by ! in/rum5tality ( o!rs3 & e satisfaction ( x1 "s way or o!r1 is be/[$ by ! l means4 ,s t ! visible gov]nm5t1 :i* ,god ex]cises ov] ! _w1 is by ! in/rum5tality & m$iation ( o!rs4 ,h[ f> 8 invisible gov]nm5t be or be n s1 x is impossible to det]m9e at all by reason4 ,! supposition1 t "p ( x is s1 appe>s1 to say ! lea/1 altoge!r z cr$ible1 z ! contr>y4 ,!re is !n no sort ( objection1 f ! light ( nature1 aga9/ ! g5]al notion ( a m$iator betwe5 ,god & man1 consid]$ z a doctr9e ( ,*ri/ianity1 or z an appo9tm5t 9 ?is disp5sation3 s9ce we f9d by exp]i5ce1 t ,god does appo9t m$iators1 to be ! in/rum5ts ( good & evil to u3 ! in/rum5ts ( 8 ju/ice & 8 m]cy4 ,& ! objection "h ref]r$ to is urg$1 n aga9/ m$iation 9 t high1 em95t1 & peculi> s5se1 9 :i* ,*ri/ is our m$iator2 b absolutely aga9/ ! :ole notion itself ( a m$iator at all4 ,,ii4 ,z we mu/ suppose1 t ! _w is "u ! prop] moral gov]nm5t ( ,god1 or 9 a /ate ( religion1 be=e we c ent] into consid]ation ( ! reveal$ doctr9e1 conc]n+ ! r$emption ( x by ,*ri/3 s t supposition is "h to be di/9ctly notic$4 ,n[ ! div9e moral gov]nm5t :i* religion tea*es u1 implies t ! consequ5ce ( vice %all be mis]y1 9 "s future /ate1 by ! righte\s judgm5t ( ,god4 ,t su* consequ5t puni%m5t %all take effect by 8 appo9tm5t1 is necess>ily impli$4 ,b1 z x is n 9 any sort to be suppos$1 t we are made acqua9t$ ) all ! ends or reasons1 = :i* x is fit t future puni%m5ts %\ld be inflict$1 or :y ,god has appo9t$ su* & su* consequ5t mis]y to foll[ vice2 & z we are altoge!r 9 ! d>k1 h[ or 9 :at mann] x %all foll[1 by :at imm$iate occasions1 or by ! in/rum5tality ( :at means2 s !re is no absurdity 9 suppos+ x may foll[ 9 a way analog\s to t 9 :i* _m mis]ies foll[ su* & su* c\rses ( action at pres5t2 pov]ty1 sickness1 infamy1 untimely dea? by diseases1 dea? f ! h&s ( civil ju/ice4 ,!re is no absurdity 9 suppos+ future puni%m5t may foll[ wick$ness ( c\rse1 z we speak1 or 9 ! way ( natural consequ5ce f ,god's orig9al con/itution ( ! _w2 f ! nature he has giv5 u1 & f ! condition 9 :i* he places u2 or 9 a l mann]1 z a p]son ra%ly trifl+ ^u a precipice1 9 ! way ( natural consequ5ce1 falls d[n2 9 ! way ( natural consequ5ce ( ?is1 breaks 8 limbs1 & 9 ! way ( natural consequ5ce1 )\t help1 p]i%es4 ,"s good m5 may p]haps be (f5d$ ) he>+ x spok5 ( z a supposable ?+ t future puni%m5ts ( wick$ness may be 9 ! way ( natural consequ5ce3 z if ?is 7 tak+ ! execution ( ju/ice out ( ! h&s ( ,god1 & giv+ x to nature4 ,b !y %\ld rememb]1 t :5 ?+s come to pass accord+ to ! c\rse ( nature1 ?is does n h9d] !m f be+ 8 do+1 :o is ! ,god ( nature3 & t ! ,scripture ascribes ^? puni%m5ts to div9e ju/ice1 :i* are kn[n to be natural2 & :i* mu/ be call$ s1 :5 di/+ui%$ f su* z are miracul\s4 ,aft] all1 ?is supposition1 or r ?is way ( speak+1 is "h made use ( only by way ( illu/ration ( ! subject be=e u4 ,= s9ce x mu/ be admitt$1 t ! future puni%m5t ( wick$ness is n a matt] ( arbitr>y appo9tm5t1 b ( reason1 equity1 & ju/ice2 x comes = aught ,i see1 to ! same ?+1 :e!r x is suppos$ to be inflict$ 9 a way analog\s to t 9 :i* ! temporal puni%m5ts ( vice & folly are inflict$1 or 9 any o!r way4 ,& ?\gh !re 7 a diff]5ce1 x is all[able1 9 ! pres5t case1 to make ?is supposition1 pla9ly n an incr$ible "o1 t future puni%m5t may foll[ wick$ness 9 ! way ( natural consequ5ce1 or accord+ to "s g5]al laws ( gov]nm5t already e/abli%$ 9 ! univ]se4 ,,iii4 ,^u ?is supposition1 or ev5 )\t x1 we may obs]ve some:at1 mu* to ! pres5t purpose1 9 ! con/itution ( nature or appo9tm5ts ( ,provid5ce3 ! provision :i* is made1 t all ! bad natural consequ5ces ( m5's actions %\ld n always actually foll[2 or t su* bad consequ5ces1 z1 accord+ to ! settl$ c\rse ( ?+s1 w\ld inevitably h foll[$ if n prev5t$1 %\ld1 9 c]ta9 degrees1 be prev5t$4 ,we are apt presumptu\sly to imag9e1 t ! _w might h be5 s con/itut$1 z t !re w\ld n h be5 any su* ?+ z mis]y or evil4 ,on ! contr>y we f9d ! ,au?or ( nature p]mits x3 b !n he has provid$ reliefs1 & 9 _m cases p]fect rem$ies = x1 aft] "s pa9s & difficulties2 reliefs & rem$ies ev5 = t evil1 :i* is ! fruit ( our own misconduct2 & :i*1 9 ! c\rse ( nature1 w\ld h cont9u$1 & end$ 9 our de/ruction1 b = su* rem$ies4 ,& ?is is an in/ance bo? ( sev]ity & ( indulg5ce1 9 ! con/itution ( nature4 ,?us all ! bad consequ5ces1 n[ m5tion$1 ( a man's trifl+ ^u a precipice1 might be prev5t$4 ,& ?\gh all 7 n1 yet "s ( !m might1 by prop] int]position1 if n reject$3#bji by ano!r's com+ to ! ra% man's relief1 ) 8 own lay+ hold on t relief1 9 su* sort z ! case requir$4 ,p]sons may d a great deal !mselves t[>ds prev5t+ ! bad consequ5ces ( _! follies3 & m may be done by !mselves1 toge!r ) ! assi/ance ( o!rs _! fell[-creatures2 :i* assi/ance nature requires & prompts u to4 ,?is is ! g5]al con/itution ( ! _w4 ,n[ suppose x _h be5 s con/itut$1 t aft] su* actions 7 done1 z 7 =ese5 naturally to draw aft] !m mis]y to ! do]1 x %\ld h be5 no m 9 human p[] to h prev5t$ t naturally consequ5t mis]y1 9 any in/ance1 ?an x is 9 all3 no "o c say1 :e!r su* a m sev]e con/itution ( ?+s might n yet h be5 really good4 ,b1 on ! contr>y1 provision be+ made by nature1 t we may & d1 to s great degree1 prev5t ! bad natural effects ( our follies2 ?is may be call$ m]cy or compassion 9 ! orig9al con/itution ( ! _w3 compassion1 z di/+ui%$ f goodness 9 g5]al4 ,&1 ! :ole kn[n con/itution & c\rse ( ?+s af=d+ u in/ances ( su* compassion1 x w\ld be accord+ to ! analogy ( nature1 to hope1 t h[ev] ru9\s ! natural consequ5ces ( vice might be1 f ! g5]al laws ( ,god's gov]nm5t ov] ! univ]se2 yet provision might be made1 possibly might h be5 orig9ally made1 = prev5t+ ^? ru9\s consequ5ces f inevitably foll[+3 at lea/ f foll[+ univ]sally1 & 9 all cases4 ,_m1 ,i am s5sible1 w wond] at f9d+ ?is made a "q1 or spok5 ( z 9 any degree d\btful4 ,! g5]ality ( mank9d are s f> f hav+ t awful s5se ( ?+s1 :i* ! pres5t /ate ( vice & mis]y & d>kness seems to make b reasonable1 t !y h sc>ce any appreh5sion or ?\ght at all ab\t ?is matt]1 any way3 & "s s]i\s p]sons may h spok5 unadvis$ly conc]n+ x4 ,b let u obs]ve1 :at we exp]i5ce to be1 & :at1 f ! v con/itution ( nature _c b be1 ! consequ5ces ( irregul> & disord]ly behavior3 ev5 ( su* ra%ness1 wilfulness1 neglects1 z we sc>ce call vici\s4 ,n[ x is natural to appreh5d1 t ! bad consequ5ces ( irregul>ity w be great]1 9 proportion z ! irregul>ity is s4 ,& !re is no comp>ison betwe5 ^! irregul>ities1 & ! great] in/ances ( vice1 or a dissolute pr(ligate disreg>d to all religion2 if !re be any ?+ at all 9 religion4 ,= consid] :at x is = creatures1 moral ag5ts1 presumptu\sly to introduce t confusion & mis]y into ! k+dom ( ,god1 :i* mank9d h 9 fact introduc$3 to blaspheme ! ,sov]eign ,"l ( all2 to contemn 8 au?ority2 to be injuri\s1 to ! degree !y are1 to _! fell[-creatures1 ! creatures ( ,god4 ,add t ! effects ( vice 9 ! pres5t _w are (t5 extreme mis]y1 irretrievable ru91 & ev5 dea?3 & ^u putt+ all ?is toge!r1 x w appe>1 t z no "o c say1 9 :at degree fatal ! unprev5t$ consequ5ces ( vice may be1 accord+ to ! g5]al rule ( div9e gov]nm5t2 s x is by no means intuitively c]ta91 h[ f> ^! consequ5ces c\ld possibly1 9 ! nature ( ! ?+1 be prev5t$1 consi/5tly ) ! et]nal rule ( "r1 or ) :at is1 9 fact1 ! moral con/itution ( nature4 ,h[ev]1 !re w\ld be l>ge gr\nd to hope1 t ! univ]sal gov]nm5t 0 n s sev]ely /rict1 b t !re 0 room = p>don1 or = hav+ ^? p5al consequ5ces prev5t$4 ,yet1 ,,iv4 ,!re seems no probability1 t any ?+ we c\ld d w\ld alone & ( itself prev5t !m3 prev5t _! foll[+1 or be+ inflict$4 ,b "o w\ld ?9k at lea/1 x 7 impossible t ! contr>y %\ld be ?\ght c]ta94 ,= we are n acqua9t$ ) ! :ole ( ! case4 ,we are n in=m$ ( all ! reasons1 :i* r5d] x fit t future puni%m5ts %\ld be inflict$3 & !re=e _c "k1 :e!r any ?+ we c\ld d w\ld make su* an alt]ation1 z to r5d] x fit t !y %\ld be remitt$4 ,we d n "k :at ! :ole natural or appo9t$ consequ5ces ( vice are2 nor 9 :at way !y w\ld foll[1 if n prev5t$3 & !re=e c 9 no sort say1 :e!r we c\ld d any ?+ :i* w\ld be suffici5t to prev5t !m4 ,our ignorance be+ ?us manife/1 let u recollect ! analogy ( nature or ,provid5ce4 ,=1 ?\gh ?is may be b a slight gr\nd to raise a positive op9ion ^u1 9 ?is matt]2 yet x is suffici5t to answ] a m]e arbitr>y ass]tion1 )\t any k9d ( evid5ce1 urg$ by way ( objection aga9/ a doctr9e1 ! pro( ( :i* is n reason1 b revelation4 ,consid] !n3 p ru9 _! =tunes by extravagance2 !y br+ diseases ^u !mselves by excess2 !y incur ! p5alties ( civil laws2 & surely civil gov]nm5t is natural2 w sorr[ = ^! follies pa/1 & behav+ well = ! future1 alone & ( itself prev5t ! natural consequ5ces ( !m8 ,on ! contr>y1 m5's natural abilities ( help+ !mselves are (t5 impair$2 or if n1 yet !y are =c$ to be behold5 to ! assi/ance ( o!rs1 ^u sev]al acc\nts1 & 9 diff]5t ways2 assi/ance :i* !y w\ld h _h no occasion =1 _h x n be5 = _! misconduct2 b :i*1 9 ! disadvantage\s condition !y h r$uc$ !mselves to1 is absolutely necess>y to _! recov]y1 & retriev+ _! affairs4 ,s9ce ?is is our case1 consid]+ ourselves m]ely z inhabitants ( ?is _w1 & z hav+ a temporal int]e/ "h1 "u ! natural gov]nm5t ( ,god1 :i* h[ev] has a great deal moral 9 x2 :y is x n supposable t ?is may be our case also1 9 our m important capacity1 z "u 8 p]fect moral gov]nm5t1 & hav+ a m g5]al & future int]e/ dep5d+8#baj ,if we h misbehav$ 9 ?is high] capacity1 & r5d]$ ourselves obnoxi\s to ! future puni%m5t1 :i* ,god has annex$ to vice3 x is pla9ly cr$ible1 t behav+ well = ! "t to come may be--n useless1 ,god =bid--b :olly insuffici5t1 alone & ( itself1 to prev5t t puni%m5t3 or to put u 9 ! condition :i* we %\ld h be5 91 _h we pres]v$ our innoc5ce4 ,?\gh we ought to reason ) all rev]5ce1 :5ev] we reason conc]n+ ! div9e conduct3 yet x may be add$1 t x is cle>ly contr>y to all our notions ( gov]nm5t1 z well z to :at is1 9 fact1 ! g5]al con/itution ( nature1 to suppose1 t do+ well = ! future %\ld1 9 all cases1 prev5t all ! judicial bad consequ5ces ( hav+ done evil1 or all ! puni%m5t annex$ to disob$i5ce4 ,we h manife/ly no?+ f :5ce to det]m9e1 9 :at degree1 & 9 :at cases1 re=mation w\ld prev5t ?is puni%m5t1 ev5 suppos+ t x w\ld 9 "s4 ,& ?\gh ! efficacy ( rep5tance itself alone1 to prev5t :at mank9d _h r5d]$ !mselves obnoxi\s to1 & recov] :at !y _h =feit$1 is n[ insi/$ ^u1 9 opposition to ,*ri/ianity2 yet1 by ! g5]al preval5ce ( propitiatory sacrifices ov] ! hea!n _w1 ?is notion ( rep5tance alone be+ suffici5t to expiate guilt1 appe>s to be contr>y to ! g5]al s5se ( mank9d4#baa ,^u ! :ole !n2 _h ! laws1 ! g5]al laws ( ,god's gov]nm5t be5 p]mitt$ to op]ate1 )\t any int]position 9 our behalf1 ! future puni%m5t1 = aught we "k to ! contr>y1 or h any reason to ?9k1 mu/ inevitably h foll[$1 not)/&+ any ?+ we c\ld h done to prev5t x4 ,v4 ,9 ?is d>kness1 or ?is light ( nature1 call x :i* y please1 revelation comes 92 & confirms e d\bt+ fe>1 :i* c\ld ent] into ! he>t ( man1 conc]n+ ! future unprev5t$ consequ5ce ( wick$ness4 ,x supposes ! _w to be 9 a /ate ( ru9 7a supposition :i* seems ! v gr\nd ( ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation2 & :i*1 if n provable by reason1 yet is 9 no wise contr>y to x27 & tea*es u too1 t ! rules ( div9e gov]nm5t are su*1 z n to admit ( p>don imm$iately & directly ^u rep5tance1 or by ! sole efficacy ( x4 ,b tea*es at ! same "t1 :at nature might ju/ly h hop$1 t ! moral gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se 0 n s rigid1 b t !re 0 room = an int]position1 to av]t ! fatal consequ5ces ( vice2 :i* !re=e1 by ?is means1 does admit ( p>don4 ,revelation tea*es u1 t ! unkn[n laws ( ,god's m g5]al gov]nm5t1 no less ?an ! p>ticul> laws by :i* we exp]i5ce he gov]ns u at pres5t1 are compassionate1#bab z well z good 9 ! m g5]al notion ( goodness3 & t he ha? m]cifully provid$1 t !re %\ld be an int]position to prev5t ! de/ruction ( human k9d2 :atev] t de/ruction unprev5t$ w\ld h be54 ,god s lov$ ! _w1 t he gave 8 only begott5 ,son1 t :osoev] believe?1 n1 to be sure1 9 a speculative1 b 9 a practical s5se1 t :osoev] believe? 9 him1 %\ld n p]i%3#bac gave 8 ,son 9 ! same way ( goodness to ! _w1 z he af=ds p>ticul> p]sons ! fri5dly assi/ance ( _! fell[-creatures1 :51 )\t x1 _! temporal ru9 w\ld be ! c]ta9 consequ5ce ( _! follies3 9 ! same way ( goodness1 ,i say1 ?\gh 9 a transc5d5t & inf9itely high] degree4 ,& ! ,son ( ,god lov$ u1 & gave himself = u1 ) a love1 :i* he himself comp>es to t ( human fri5d%ip3 ?\gh1 9 ?is case1 all comp>isons mu/ fall inf9itely %ort ( ! ?+ int5d$ to be illu/rat$ by !m4 ,he int]pos$ 9 su* a mann] z 0 necess>y & effectual to prev5t t execution ( ju/ice ^u s9n]s1 :i* ,god _h appo9t$ %\ld o!rwise h be5 execut$ ^u !m2 or 9 su* a mann]1 z to prev5t t puni%m5t f actually foll[+1 :i*1 accord+ to ! g5]al laws ( div9e gov]nm5t1 mu/ h foll[$ ! s9s ( ! _w1 _h x n be5 = su* int]position4#bad ,if any ?+ "h said %\ld appe>1 ^u fir/ ?\ght1 inconsi/5t ) div9e goodness2 a second1 ,i am p]suad$1 w entirely remove t appe>ance4 ,= 7 we to suppose ! con/itution ( ?+s to be su*1 z t ! :ole creation mu/ h p]i%$1 _h x n be5 = some?+1 :i* ,god _h appo9t$ %\ld be1 9 ord] to prev5t t ru93 ev5 ?is supposition w\ld n be inconsi/5t1 9 any degree1 ) ! mo/ absolutely p]fect goodness4 ,/ill x may be ?\ght1 t ?is :ole mann] ( treat+ ! subject be=e u supposes mank9d to be naturally 9 a v /range /ate4 ,& truly s x does4 ,b x is n ,*ri/ianity :i* has put u into ?is /ate4 ,:oev] w consid] ! manifold mis]ies1 & ! extreme wick$ness ( ! _w2 t ! be/ h great wrongnesses )9 !mselves1 :i* !y compla9 (1 & endeavor to am5d2 b t ! g5]ality gr[ m pr(ligate & corrupt ) age2 t ev5 morali/s ?\ght ! pres5t /ate to be a /ate ( puni%m5t3 &1 t ! e>? our habitation has ! appe>ances ( be+ a ru93 :oev]1 ,i say1 w consid] all ^!1 & "s o!r obvi\s ?+s1 w ?9k he has little reason to object aga9/ ! ,scripture acc\nt1 t mank9d is 9 a /ate ( degradation2 aga9/ ?is be+ ! fact3 h[ difficult soev] he may ?9k x to acc\nt =1 or ev5 to =m a di/9ct conception ( ! occasions & circum/ances ( x4 ,b t ! crime ( our fir/ p>5ts 0 ! occasion ( our be+ plac$ 9 a m disadvantage\s condition1 is a ?+ ?r\gh\t & p>ticul>ly analog\s to :at we see 9 ! daily c\rse ( natural provid5ce2 z ! recov]y ( ! _w by ! int]position ( ,*ri/ has be5 %[n to be s 9 g5]al4 ,,vi4 ,! p>ticul> mann] 9 :i* ,*ri/ int]pos$ 9 ! r$emption ( ! _w1 or 8 (fice z ,m$iator1 9 ! l>ge/ s5se1 betwe5 ,god & man1 is ?us repres5t$ to u 9 ! ,scripture4 ,he is ! light ( ! _w2#bae ! reveal] ( ! w ( ,god 9 ! mo/ em95t s5se4 ,he is a propitiatory sacrifice2#baf ! ,lamb ( ,god3#bag &1 z he volunt>ily (f]$ himself up1 he is /yl$ our ,high ,prie/4#bah ,&1 :i* seems ( peculi> weight1 he is describ$ be=eh& 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 "u ! same *>act]s ( a prie/1 & an expiatory victim4#bai ,& :]eas x is object$1 t all ?is is m]ely by way ( allusion to ! sacrifices ( ! ,mosaic law1 ! ,apo/le on ! contr>y affirms1 t ! law 0 a %ad[ ( good ?+s to come1 & n ! v image ( ! ?+s3#bbj & t ! prie/s t (f] gifts accord+ to ! law--s]ve unto ! example & %ad[ ( heav5ly ?+s1 z ,moses 0 admoni%$ ( ,god1 :5 he 0 ab\t to make ! tab]nacle4 ,= see1 sai? he1 t ?\ make all ?+s accord+ to ! patt]n %[$ to !e 9 ! m\nt2#bba i4e4 ! ,levitical prie/hood 0 a %ad[ ( ! prie/hood ( ,*ri/2 9 l mann] z ! tab]nacle made by ,moses 0 accord+ to t %[$ him 9 ! m\nt4 ,! prie/hood ( ,*ri/1 & ! tab]nacle 9 ! m\nt1 7 ! orig9als2 ( ! =m] ( :i* ! ,levitical prie/hood 0 a type2 & ( ! latt] ! tab]nacle made by ,moses 0 a copy4 ,! doctr9e ( ?is epi/le !n pla9ly is1 t ! legal sacrifices 7 allusions to ! great & f9al atonem5t to be made by ! blood ( ,*ri/2 & n t ?is 0 an allusion to ^?4 ,nor c any ?+ be m express & det]m9ate ?an ! foll[+ passage4 ,x is n possible t ! blood ( bulls & ( goats %\ld take away s94 ,:]e=e :5 he come? into ! _w1 he sai?1 ,sacrifice & (f]+1 i4e4 ( bulls & ( goats1 ?\ w\lde/ n1 b a body ha/ ?\ prep>$ me4 ,lo6 ,i come to d ?y w1 ,o ,god4 ,by :i* w we are sanctifi$41 ?r\gh ! (f]+ ( ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ once = all4#bbb ,& to add "o passage m ( ! l k9d3 ,*ri/ 0 once (f]$ to be> ! s9s ( _m3 & unto !m t look = him %all he appe> ! second "t1 )\t s92 i4e4 )\t be>+ s91 z he did at 8 fir/ com+1 by be+ an (f]+ = x2 )\t hav+ our iniquities aga9 laid ^u him1 )\t be+ any m a s9-(f]+3--unto !m1 t look = him %all he appe> ! second "t1 )\t s91 unto salvation4#bbc ,nor d ! inspir$ writ]s at all conf9e !mselves to ?is mann] ( speak+ conc]n+ ! satisfaction ( ,*ri/2 b decl>e an efficacy 9 :at he did & suff]$ = u1 additional to & beyond m]e in/ruction1 example1 & gov]nm5t1 9 great v>iety ( expression3 ,t ,jesus %\ld die = t nation1 ! ,jews3 & n = t nation only1 b t also1 pla9ly by ! efficacy ( 8 dea?1 he %\ld ga!r toge!r 9 "o ! *ildr5 ( ,god t 7 scatt]$ abroad3#bbd t he suff]$ = s9s1 ! j = ! unju/3#bbe t he gave 8 life1 himself1 a ransom3#bbf t we are b\ght1 b\ght ) a price3#bbg t he r$eem$ u ) 8 blood3 r$eem$ u f ! curse ( ! law1 be+ made a curse = u3#bbh t he is our advocate1 int]cessor1 & propitiation3#bbi t he 0 made p]fect1 or consummate1 ?r\gh suff]+s2 & be+ ?us made p]fect1 he became ! au?or ( salvation3#bcj t ,god 0 9 ,*ri/ reconcil+ ! _w to himself2 by ! dea? ( 8 ,son1 by ! cross2 n imput+ _! trespasses unto !m3#bca & la/ly1 t ?r\gh dea? he de/roy$ him t _h ! p[] ( dea?4#bcb ,*ri/ hav+ ?us humbl$ himself1 & become ob$i5t to dea?1 ev5 ! dea? ( ! cross2 ,god also ha? highly exalt$ him1 & giv5 him a "n1 :i* is above e "n3 ha? giv5 all ?+s into 8 h&s3 ha? committ$ all judgm5t unto him2 t all m5 %\ld honor ! ,son1 ev5 z !y honor ! ,fa!r4#bcc ,=1 wor?y is ! ,lamb t 0 sla91 to receive p[]1 & ri*es1 & wisdom1 & /r5g?1 & honor1 & glory1 & bless+4 ,& e creature :i* is 9 heav51 & on ! e>?1 he>d ,i1 say+1 ,bless+1 & honor1 & glory1 & p[]1 be unto him t sitte? ^u ! ?rone1 & unto ! ,lamb =ev] & ev]4#bcd ,^! passages ( ,scripture seem to compreh5d & express ! *ief p>ts ( ,*ri/'s (fice1 z ,m$iator betwe5 ,god & man1 s f>1 ,i mean1 z ! nature ( ?is 8 (fice is reveal$2 & x is usually treat$ ( by div9es "u ?ree heads4 ,fir/1 ,he 01 by way ( em95ce1 ! ,prophet3 t ,prophet t %\ld come into ! _w1#bce to decl>e ! div9e w4 ,he publi%$ anew ! law ( nature1 :i* m5 _h corrupt$2 & ! v k ( :i*1 to "s degree1 0 lo/ among !m4 ,he taught mank9d1 taught u au?oritatively1 to live sob]ly1 righte\sly1 & godly 9 ?is pres5t _w1 9 expectation ( ! future judgm5t ( ,god4 ,he confirm$ ! tru? ( ?is moral sy/em ( nature1 & gave u additional evid5ce ( x2 ! evid5ce ( te/imony4#bcf ,he di/9ctly reveal$ ! mann]1 9 :i* ,god w\ld be wor%ipp$1 ! efficacy ( rep5tance1 & ! rew>ds & puni%m5ts ( a future life4 ,?us he 0 a prophet 9 a s5se 9 :i* no o!r ev] 04 ,to :i* is to be add$1 t he set u a p]fect example1 t we %\ld foll[ 8 /eps4 ,secondly1 ,he has a k+dom :i* is n ( ?is _w4 ,he f\nd$ a ,*ur*1 to be to mank9d a /&+ memorial ( religion1 & invitation to x2 :i* he promis$ to be ) always ev5 to ! end4 ,he ex]cises an invisible gov]nm5t ov] x1 himself1 & by 8 ,_s3 ov] t "p ( x :i* is militant "h on e>?1 a gov]nm5t ( discipl9e1 = ! p]fect+ ( ! sa9ts1 = ! edify+ 8 body3 till we all come 9 ! unity ( ! fai?1 & ( ! k ( ! ,son ( ,god1 unto a p]fect man1 unto ! measure ( ! /ature ( ! fulness ( ,*ri/4#bcg ,( ?is ,*ur*1 all p]sons scatt]$ ov] ! _w1 :o live 9 ob$i5ce to 8 laws1 are memb]s4 ,= ^! he is gone to prep>e a place1 & w come aga9 to receive !m unto himself1 t :]e he is1 !re !y may be also2 & reign ) him =ev] & ev]3#bch & likewise to take v5geance on !m t "k n ,god1 & obey n 8 ,gospel4#bci ,aga9/ ^! p>ts ( ,*ri/'s (fice ,i f9d no objections1 b :at are fully obviat$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is *apt]4 ,la/ly1 ,*ri/ (f]$ himself a propitiatory sacrifice1 & made atonem5t = ! s9s ( ! _w2 :i* is m5tion$ la/1 9 reg>d to :at is object$ aga9/ x4 ,sacrifices ( expiation 7 comm&$ ! ,jews1 & obta9$ among mo/ o!r nations1 f tradition1 ^: orig9al probably 0 revelation4 ,& !y 7 cont9ually repeat$1 bo? occasionally1 & at ! returns ( /at$ times3 & made up great "p ( ! ext]nal religion ( mank9d4 ,b n[ once 9 ! end ( ! _w ,*ri/ appe>$ to put away s9 by ! sacrifice ( himself4#bdj ,?is sacrifice 01 9 ! highe/ degree & ) ! mo/ ext5sive influ5ce1 ( t efficacy = obta9+ p>don ( s91 :i* ! hea!ns may be suppos$ to h ?\ght _! sacrifices to h be51 & :i* ! ,jewi% sacrifices really 7 9 "s degree1 & ) reg>d to "s p]sons4#bda ,h[ & 9 :at p>ticul> way x _h ?is efficacy1 !re are n want+ p]sons :o h endeavor$ to expla93 b ,i d n f9d t ! ,scripture has expla9$ x4 ,we seem to be v mu* 9 ! d>k conc]n+ ! mann] 9 :i* ! anci5ts und]/ood atonem5t to be made1 i4e4 p>don to be obta9$ by sacrifices4 ,& if ! ,scripture has1 z surely x has1 left ?is matt] ( ! satisfaction ( ,*ri/ my/]i\s1 left some:at 9 x unreveal$1 all conjectures ab\t x mu/ be1 if n evid5tly absurd1 yet at lea/ unc]ta94 ,nor has any "o reason to compla9 = want ( fur!r in=mation1 unless he c %[ 8 claim to x4 ,"s h endeavor$ to expla9 ! efficacy ( :at ,*ri/ has done & suff]$ = u1 beyond :at ! ,scripture has au?oriz$3 o!rs1 probably because !y c\ld n expla9 x1 h be5 = tak+ x away1 & conf9+ 8 (fice z ,r$eem] ( ! _w1 to 8 in/ruction1 example1 & gov]nm5t ( ! *ur*4 ,:]eas ! doctr9e ( ! ,gospel appe>s to be1 n only t he taught ! efficacy ( rep5tance1 b r5d]$ x ( ! efficacy ( :i* x is1 by :at he did & suff]$ = u3 t he obta9$ = u ! b5efit ( hav+ our rep5tance accept$ unto et]nal life3 n only t he reveal$ to s9n]s1 t !y 7 9 a capacity ( salvation1 & h[ !y might obta9 x2 b moreov] t he put !m into ?is capacity ( salvation1 by :at he did & suff]$ = !m2 put u into a capacity ( escap+ future puni%m5t1 & obta9+ future happ9ess4 ,& x is our wisdom ?ankfully to accept ! b5efit1 by p]=m+ ! conditions1 ^u :i* x is (f]$1 on our "p1 )\t disput+ h[ x 0 procur$ on 84 ,=1 ,,vii4 ,s9ce we nei!r "k by :at means puni%m5t 9 a future /ate w\ld h foll[$ wick$ness 9 ?is3 nor 9 :at mann] x w\ld h be5 inflict$1 _h x n be5 prev5t$2 nor all ! reasons :y its infliction w\ld h be5 ne$ful1 nor ! p>ticul> nature ( t /ate ( happ9ess1 :i* ,*ri/ is gone to prep>e = 8 disciples3 & s9ce we are ignorant h[ f> any ?+ :i* we c\ld d1 w\ld1 alone & ( itself1 h be5 effectual to prev5t t puni%m5t to :i* we 7 obnoxi\s1 & recov] t happ9ess :i* we _h =feit$2 x is mo/ evid5t we are n judges1 antec$5tly to revelation1 :e!r a m$iator 0 or 0 n necess>y1 to obta9 ^? ends3 to prev5t t future puni%m5t1 & br+ mank9d to ! f9al happ9ess ( _! nature4 ,= ! v same reasons1 ^u supposition ( ! necessity ( a m$iator1 we are no m judges1 antec$5tly to revelation1 ( ! :ole nature ( 8 (fice1 or ( ! sev]al p>ts ( :i* x consi/s2 or ( :at 0 fit & requisite to be assign$ him1 9 ord] to accompli% ! ends ( div9e ,provid5ce 9 ! appo9tm5t4 ,h5ce x foll[s1 t to object aga9/ ! exp$i5cy or usefulness ( p>ticul> ?+s1 reveal$ to h be5 done or suff]$ by him1 because we d n see h[ !y 7 conducive to ^? ends1 is highly absurd4 ,yet no?+ is m common to be met )1 ?an ?is absurdity4 ,if x be ackn[l$g$ be=eh&1 t we are n judges 9 ! case1 x is evid5t t no objection c1 ) any %ad[ ( reason1 be urg$ aga9/ any p>ticul> "p ( ,*ri/'s m$iatorial (fice reveal$ 9 ,scripture1 till x c be %[n positively n to be requisite or conducive to ! ends propos$ to be accompli%$2 or t x is 9 itself unreasonable4 ,!re is "o objection made aga9/ ! satisfaction ( ,*ri/1 :i* looks to be ( ?is positive k9d3 t ! doctr9e ( 8 be+ appo9t$ to suff] = ! s9s ( ! _w1 repres5ts ,god z be+ indiff]5t :e!r he puni%$ ! innoc5t or ! guilty4 ,n[ f ! =ego+ obs]vations we may see ! extreme slightness ( all su* objections2 & 7?\gh x is mo/ c]ta9 all :o make !m d n see ! consequ5ce7 t !y conclude altoge!r z mu* aga9/ ,god's :ole orig9al con/itution ( nature1 & ! :ole daily c\rse ( div9e ,provid5ce 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 7i4e4 aga9/ ! :ole s*eme ( ,!ism & ! :ole notion ( religion17 z aga9/ ,*ri/ianity4 ,= ! _w is a con/itution or sy/em1 ^: p>ts h a mutual ref]5ce to ea* o!r3 & !re is a s*eme ( ?+s gradually c>ry+ on1 call$ ! c\rse ( nature1 to ! c>ry+ on ( :i* ,god has appo9t$ u1 9 v>i\s ways1 to contribute4 ,& :51 9 ! daily c\rse ( natural provid5ce1 x is appo9t$ t innoc5t p %\ld suff] = ! faults ( ! guilty1 ?is is liable to ! v same objection1 z ! in/ance we are n[ consid]+4 ,! inf9itely great] importance ( t appo9tm5t ( ,*ri/ianity1 :i* is object$ aga9/1 does n h9d] b x may be1 z x pla9ly is1 an appo9tm5t ( ! v same k9d1 ) :at ! _w af=ds u daily examples (4 ,nay1 if !re 7 any =ce at all 9 ! objection1 x w\ld be /rong]1 9 "o respect1 aga9/ natural provid5ce1 ?an aga9/ ,*ri/ianity3 because "u ! =m] we are 9 _m cases comm&$1 & ev5 necessitat$ :e!r we w or no1 to suff] = ! faults ( o!rs2 :]eas ! suff]+s ( ,*ri/ 7 volunt>y4 ,! _w's be+ "u ! righte\s gov]nm5t ( ,god does inde$ imply1 t f9ally1 & ^u ! :ole1 e "o %all receive accord+ to 8 p]sonal des]ts3 & ! g5]al doctr9e ( ! :ole ,scripture is1 t ?is %all be ! completion ( ! div9e gov]nm5t4 ,b dur+ ! progress1 &1 = aught we "k1 ev5 9 ord] to ! completion ( ?is moral s*eme1 vic>i\s puni%m5ts may be fit1 & absolutely necess>y4 ,m5 by _! follies run !mselves into extreme di/ress2 into difficulties :i* w\ld be absolutely fatal to !m1 7 x n = ! int]position & assi/ance ( o!rs4 ,god comm&s by ! law ( nature1 t we af=d !m ?is assi/ance1 9 _m cases :]e we _c d x )\t v great pa9s1 & labor1 & suff]+s to ourselves4 ,we see 9 :at v>iety ( ways "o p]son's suff]+s contribute to ! relief ( ano!r3 & h[1 or by :at p>ticul> means1 ?is comes to pass1 or foll[s1 f ! con/itution & laws ( nature1 :i* came "u our notice3 &1 be+ famili>iz$ to x1 m5 are n %ock$ ) x4 ,s t ! reason ( _! insi/+ ^u objections ( ! =ego+ k9d aga9/ ! satisfaction ( ,*ri/ is1 ei!r t !y d n consid] ,god's settl$ & uni=m appo9tm5ts z 8 appo9tm5ts at all2 or else !y =get t vic>i\s puni%m5t is a provid5tial appo9tm5t ( e day's exp]i5ce4 ,& !n1 f _! be+ unacqua9t$ ) ! m g5]al laws ( nature or div9e gov]nm5t ov] ! _w1 & n see+ h[ ! suff]+s ( ,*ri/ c\ld contribute to ! r$emption ( x1 unless by arbitr>y & tyrannical w1 !y conclude 8 suff]+s c\ld n contribute to x any o!r way4 ,& yet1 :at has be5 (t5 alleg$ 9 ju/ification ( ?is doctr9e1 ev5 f ! app>5t natural t5d5cy ( ?is me?od ( our r$emption2 its t5d5cy to v9dicate ! au?ority ( ,god's laws1 & det] 8 creatures f s92 ?is has nev] yet be5 answ]$1 & is ,i ?9k pla9ly unansw]able3 ?\gh ,i am f> f ?9k+ x an acc\nt ( ! :ole ( ! case4 ,b1 )\t tak+ ?is into consid]ation1 x abundantly appe>s1 f ! obs]vations above made1 t ?is objection is n an objection aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 b aga9/ ! :ole g5]al con/itution ( nature4 ,& if x 7 to be consid]$ z an objection aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 or consid]+ x z x is1 an objection aga9/ ! con/itution ( nature2 x am\nts to no m 9 conclusion ?an ?is1 t a div9e appo9tm5t _c be necess>y or exp$i5t1 because ! objector does n disc]n x to be s3 ?\gh he mu/ own t ! nature ( ! case is su*1 z r5d]s him incapable ( judg+1 :e!r x be s or n2 or ( see+ x to be necess>y1 ?\gh x 7 s6 ,x is inde$ a matt] ( great pati5ce to reasonable m51 to f9d p argu+ 9 ?is mann]3 object+ aga9/ ! cr$ibility ( su* p>ticul> ?+s reveal$ 9 ,scripture1 t !y d n see ! necessity or exp$i5cy ( !m4 ,= ?\gh x is highly "r1 & ! mo/ pi\s ex]cise ( our und]/&+1 to inquire ) due rev]5ce into ! ends & reasons ( ,god's disp5sations3 yet :5 ^? reasons are conceal$1 to argue f our ignorance1 t su* disp5sations _c be f ,god1 is inf9itely absurd4 ,! presumption ( ?is k9d ( objections seems almo/ lo/ 9 ! folly ( !m4 ,& ! folly ( !m is yet great]1 :5 !y are urg$1 z usually !y are1 aga9/ ?+s 9 ,*ri/ianity analog\s or l to ^? natural disp5sations ( ,provid5ce1 :i* are matt] ( exp]i5ce4 ,let reason be kept to3 & if any "p ( ! ,scripture acc\nt ( ! r$emption ( ! _w by ,*ri/ c be %[n to be really contr>y to x1 let ! ,scripture1 9 ! "n ( ,god1 be giv5 up4 ,b let n su* poor creatures z we are1 g on object+ aga9/ an inf9ite s*eme1 t we d n see ! necessity or usefulness ( all its p>ts1 & call ?is reason+2 &1 :i* /ill fur!r height5s ! absurdity 9 ! pres5t case1 p>ts :i* we are n actively conc]n$ 94 ,= x may be wor? m5tion+1 ,la/ly1 ,t n only ! reason ( ! ?+1 b ! :ole analogy ( nature1 %\ld tea* u1 n to expect to h ! l in=mation conc]n+ ! div9e conduct1 z conc]n+ our own duty4 ,god in/ructs u by exp]i5ce1 7= x is n reason1 b exp]i5ce :i* in/ructs u17 :at good or bad consequ5ces w foll[ f our act+ 9 su* & su* mann]s3 & by ?is he directs u h[ we are to behave ourselves4 ,b1 ?\gh we are suffici5tly in/ruct$ = ! common purposes ( life3 yet x is b an almo/ inf9itely small "p ( natural provid5ce1 :i* we are at all let into4 ,! case is ! same ) reg>d to revelation4 ,! doctr9e ( a m$iator betwe5 ,god & man1 aga9/ :i* x is object$1 t ! exp$i5cy ( "s ?+s 9 x is n und]/ood1 relates only to :at 0 done on ,god's "p 9 ! appo9tm5t1 & on ! ,m$iator's 9 ! execution ( x4 ,= :at is requir$ ( u1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is graci\s disp5sation1 is ano!r subject1 9 :i* none c compla9 = want ( in=mation4 ,! con/itution ( ! _w1 & ,god's natural gov]nm5t ov] x1 is all my/]y1 z mu* z ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation4 ,yet "u ! fir/ he has giv5 m5 all ?+s p]ta9+ to life2 & "u ! o!r all ?+s p]ta9+ unto godl9ess4 ,& x may be add$1 t !re is no?+ h>d to be acc\nt$ = 9 any ( ! common precepts ( ,*ri/ianity3 ?\gh if !re 71 surely a div9e comm& is abundantly suffici5t to lay u "u ! /ronge/ obligations to ob$i5ce4 ,b ! fact is1 t ! reasons ( all ! ,*ri/ian precepts are evid5t4 ,positive in/itutions are manife/ly necess>y to keep up & propagate religion among mank9d4 ,& our duty to ,*ri/1 ! int]nal & ext]nal wor%ip ( him2 ?is "p ( ! religion ( ! ,gospel manife/ly arises out ( :at he has done & suff]$1 8 au?ority & dom9ion1 & ! relation :i* he is reveal$ to /& 9 to u4#bdb ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,want ,,( ,,univ]sality ,,9 ,,revelation2 ,,& ,,! ,,suppos$ ,,defici5cy ,,9 ,,! ,,pro( ,,( ,,x4 ,x has be5 ?\ght by "s p]sons1 t if ! evid5ce ( revelation appe>s d\btful1 ?is itself turns into a positive argum5t aga9/ x3 because x _c be suppos$1 t1 if x 7 true1 x w\ld be left to subsi/ ^u d\btful evid5ce4 ,& ! objection aga9/ revelation f its n be+ univ]sal is (t5 insi/$ ^u z ( great weight4 ,! weakness ( ^! op9ions may be %[n1 by obs]v+ ! suppositions on :i* !y are f\nd$3 :i* are really su* z ^!2 t x _c be ?\ght ,god w\ld h be/[$ any favor at all ^u u1 unless 9 ! degree :i* we ?9k he might1 & :i*1 we imag9e1 w\ld be mo/ to our p>ticul> advantage2 & also t x _c be ?\ght he w\ld be/[ a favor ^u any1 unless he be/[$ ! same ^u all2 suppositions1 :i* we f9d contradict$1 n by a few in/ances 9 ,god's natural gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 b by ! g5]al analogy ( nature toge!r4 ,p]sons :o speak ( ! evid5ce ( religion z d\btful1 & ( ?is suppos$ d\btfulness z a positive argum5t aga9/ x1 %\ld be put ^u consid]+1 :at t evid5ce is1 :i* !y act ^u ) reg>d to _! temporal int]e/s4 ,x is n only extremely difficult1 b 9 _m cases absolutely impossible1 to balance pleasure & pa91 satisfaction & uneas9ess1 s z to be able to say on :i* side is ! ov]plus4 ,!re are ! l difficulties & impossibilities 9 mak+ ! due all[ances = a *ange ( temp] & ta/e1 = satiety1 disgu/s1 ill heal?3 any ( :i* r5d] m5 incapable ( enjoy+1 aft] !y h obta9$ :at !y mo/ eag]ly desir$4 ,numb]less too are ! accid5ts1 besides t "o ( untimely dea?1 :i* may ev5 probably disappo9t ! be/-conc]t$ s*emes3 & /rong objections are (t5 se5 to lie aga9/ !m1 n to be remov$ or answ]$1 b :i* seem ov]balanc$ by reasons on ! o!r side2 s z t ! c]ta9 difficulties & dang]s ( ! pursuit are1 by e "o2 ?\ght ju/ly disreg>d$1 ^u acc\nt ( ! appe>+ great] advantages 9 case ( success1 ?\gh !re be b little probability ( x4 ,la/ly1 e "o obs]ves our liabl5ess1 if we be n ^u our gu>d1 to be deceiv$ by ! falsehood ( m51 & ! false appe>ances ( ?+s3 & ?is dang] mu/ be greatly increas$1 if !re be a /rong bias )91 suppose f indulg$ passion1 to favor ! deceit4 ,h5ce arises t great unc]ta9ty & d\btfulness ( pro(1 :]e9 our temporal int]e/ really consi/s2 :at are ! mo/ probable means ( atta9+ x2 & :e!r ^? means w ev5tually be successful4 ,& numb]less in/ances !re are1 9 ! daily c\rse ( life1 9 :i* all m5 ?9k x reasonable to engage 9 pursuits1 ?\gh ! probability is greatly aga9/ succe$+2 & to make su* provision = !mselves1 z x is supposable !y may h occasion =1 ?\gh ! pla9 ackn[l$g$ probability is1 t !y nev] %all4 ,^? :o ?9k ! objection aga9/ revelation1 f its light n be+ univ]sal1 to be ( weight1#bdc %\ld obs]ve1 t ! ,au?or ( nature1 9 numb]less in/ances1 be/[s t ^u "s1 :i* he does n ^u o!rs1 :o seem equally to /& 9 ne$ ( x4 ,inde$ he appe>s to be/[ all 8 gifts ) ! mo/ promiscu\s v>iety among creatures ( ! same species3 heal? & /r5g?1 capacities ( prud5ce & ( k1 means ( improvem5t1 ri*es1 & all ext]nal advantages4 ,z !re are n any two m5 f\nd1 ( exactly l %ape & features2 s x is probable !re are n any two1 ( an exactly l con/itution1 temp]1 & situation1 ) reg>d to ! goods & evils ( life4 ,yet1 not)/&+ ^! unc]ta9ties & v>ieties1 ,god does ex]cise a natural gov]nm5t ov] ! _w2 & !re is su* a ?+ z a prud5t & imprud5t in/itution ( life1 ) reg>d to our heal? & our affairs1 "u t 8 natural gov]nm5t4 ,z nei!r ! ,jewi% nor ,*ri/ian revelation h be5 univ]sal2 & z !y h be5 af=d$ to a great] or less "p ( ! _w1 at diff]5t times2 s likewise at diff]5t times1 bo? revelations h _h diff]5t degrees ( evid5ce4 ,! ,jews :o liv$ dur+ ! succession ( prophets1 t is1 f ,moses till aft] ! ,captivity1 _h high] evid5ce ( ! tru? ( _! religion1 ?an ^? _h1 :o liv$ 9 ! int]val betwe5 ! la/-m5tion$ p]iod1 & ! com+ ( ,*ri/4 ,& ! fir/ ,*ri/ians _h high] evid5ce ( ! miracles wr\ght 9 atte/ation ( ,*ri/ianity1 ?an :at we h n[4 ,!y _h also a /rong presumptive pro( ( ! tru? ( x1 p]haps ( mu* great] =ce1 9 way ( argum5t1 ?an _m ?9k1 ( :i* we h v little rema9+2 ,i mean ! presumptive pro( ( its tru?1 f ! influ5ce :i* x _h ^u ! lives ( ! g5]ality ( its pr(essors4 ,& we1 or future ages1 may possibly h a pro( ( x1 :i* !y c\ld n h1 f ! con=mity betwe5 ! prophetic hi/ory1 & ! /ate ( ! _w#bdd & ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,& fur!r3 if we 7 to suppose ! evid5ce1 :i* "s h ( religion1 to am\nt to little m ?an see+ t x may be true2 b t !y rema9 9 great d\bts & unc]ta9ties ab\t bo? its evid5ce & its nature1 & great p]plexities conc]n+ ! rule ( life3 o!rs to h a full conviction ( ! tru? ( religion1 ) a di/9ct k ( _! duty2 & o!rs sev]ally to h all ! int]m$iate degrees ( religi\s light & evid5ce1 :i* lie betwe5 ^! two--if we put ! case1 t = ! pres5t1 x 0 int5d$ t revelation %\ld be no m ?an a small light1 9 ! mid/ ( a _w greatly ov]spread1 not)/&+ x1 ) ignorance & d>kness3 t c]ta9 glimm]+s ( ?is light %\ld ext5d1 & be direct$1 to remote di/ances1 9 su* a mann] z t ^? :o really p>took ( x %\ld n disc]n :5ce x orig9ally came3 t "s 9 a ne>] situation to x %\ld h its light obscur$1 &1 9 diff]5t ways & degrees1 int]cept$3 & t o!rs %\ld be plac$ )9 its cle>] influ5ce1 & be mu* m enliv5$1 *e]$1 & direct$ by x2 b yet t ev5 to ^! x %\ld be no m ?an a light %9+ 9 a d>k place3 all ?is w\ld be p]fectly uni=m1 & ( a piece ) ! conduct ( ,provid5ce1 9 ! di/ribution ( its o!r bless+s4 ,if ! fact ( ! case really 71 t "s h receiv$ no light at all f ! ,scripture2 z _m ages & c\ntries 9 ! hea!n _w3 t o!rs1 ?\gh !y h1 by means ( x1 _h ess5tial or natural religion en=c$ ^u _! consci5ces1 yet h nev] _h ! g5u9e ,scripture revelation1 ) its real evid5ce1 propos$ to _! consid]ation2 & ! anci5t ,p]sians & mod]n ,mahometans may possibly be in/ances ( p 9 a situation some:at l to ?is2 t o!rs1 ?\gh !y h _h ! ,scripture laid be=e !m z ( div9e revelation1 yet h _h x ) ! sy/em & evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity s int]polat$1 ! sy/em s corrupt$1 ! evid5ce s bl5d$ ) false miracles1 z to leave ! m9d 9 ! utmo/ d\btfulness & unc]ta9ty ab\t ! :ole2 :i* may be ! /ate ( "s ?\ghtful m51 9 mo/ ( ^? nations :o call !mselves ,*ri/ian3 & la/ly1 t o!rs h _h ,*ri/ianity (f]$ to !m 9 its g5u9e simplicity1 & ) its prop] evid5ce1 z p]sons 9 c\ntries & *ur*es ( civil & ( ,*ri/ian lib]ty2 b t ev5 ^! p]sons are left 9 great ignorance 9 _m respects1 & h by no means light af=d$ !m en\gh to satisfy _! curiosity1 b only to regulate _! life1 to tea* !m _! duty1 & enc\rage !m 9 ! c>eful dis*>ge ( x4 ,i say1 if we 7 to suppose ?is some:at ( a g5]al true acc\nt ( ! degrees ( moral & religi\s light & evid5ce1 :i* 7 int5d$ to be af=d$ mank9d1 & ( :at has actually be5 & is _! situation1 9 _! moral & religi\s capacity2 !re w\ld be no?+ 9 all ?is ignorance1 d\btfulness1 & unc]ta9ty1 9 all ^! v>ieties1 & suppos$ disadvantages ( "s 9 comp>ison ( o!rs1 respect+ religion1 b may be p>allel$ by manife/ analogies 9 ! natural disp5sations ( ,provid5ce at pres5t1 consid]+ ourselves m]ely 9 our temporal capacity4 ,nor is !re any ?+ %ock+ 9 all ?is1 or :i* w\ld seem to be> h>d ^u ! moral adm9i/ration 9 nature1 if we w\ld really keep 9 m9d1 t e "o %all be dealt equitably )3 in/ead ( =gett+ ?is1 or expla9+ x away1 aft] x is ackn[l$g$ 9 words4 ,all %ad[ ( inju/ice1 & inde$ all h>% appe>ances1 9 ?is v>i\s economy ( ,provid5ce1 w\ld be lo/1 if we w\ld keep 9 m9d1 t e m]ciful all[ance %all be made1 & no m be requir$ ( any "o1 ?an :at might h be5 equitably expect$ ( him1 f ! circum/ances 9 :i* he 0 plac$2 & n :at might h be5 expect$1 _h he be5 plac$ 9 o!r circum/ances3 i4e4 9 ,scripture language1 t e man %all be accept$ accord+ to :at he _h1 n accord+ to :at he _h n4#bde ,?is h[ev] does n by any means imply1 t all p]sons' condition "h is equally advantage\s ) respect to futurity4 ,& ,provid5ce's design+ to place "s 9 great] d>kness ) respect to religi\s k1 is no m a reason :y !y %\ld n endeavor to get out ( t d>kness1 & o!rs to br+ !m out ( x1 ?an :y ignorant & sl[ p 9 matt]s ( o!r k %\ld n endeavor to le>n1 or %\ld n be in/ruct$4 ,x is n unreasonable to suppose1 t ! same wise & good pr9ciple1 :atev] x 01 :i* dispos$ ! ,au?or ( nature to make diff]5t k9ds & ord]s ( creatures1 dispos$ him also to place creatures ( l k9ds 9 diff]5t situations4 ,& t ! same pr9ciple :i* dispos$ him to make creatures ( diff]5t moral capacities1 dispos$ him also to place creatures ( l moral capacities 9 diff]5t religi\s situations2 & ev5 ! same creatures1 9 diff]5t p]iods ( _! be+4 ,! acc\nt or reason ( ?is is also mo/ probably ! acc\nt :y ! con/itution ( ?+s is su*1 z t creatures ( moral natures or capacities1 = a consid]able "p ( t duration 9 :i* !y are liv+ ag5ts1 are n at all subjects ( morality & religion2 b gr[ up to be s1 & gr[ up to be s m & m1 gradually f *ildhood to mature age4 ,:at1 9 p>ticul>1 is ! acc\nt or reason ( ^! ?+s1 we mu/ be greatly 9 ! d>k1 7 x only t we "k s v little ev5 ( our own case4 ,our pres5t /ate may possibly be ! consequ5ce ( some?+ pa/1 ( :i* we are :olly ignorant3 z x has a ref]5ce to some:at to come1 ( :i* we "k sc>ce any m ?an is necess>y = practice4 ,a sy/em or con/itution1 9 its notion1 implies v>iety2 & s complicat$ a "o z ?is _w1 v great v>iety4 ,s t 7 revelation univ]sal1 yet1 f m5's diff]5t capacities ( und]/&+1 f ! diff]5t l5g?s ( _! lives1 _! diff]5t educations & o!r ext]nal circum/ances1 & f _! diff]5ce ( temp] & bodily con/itution1 _! religi\s situations w\ld be widely diff]5t1 & ! disadvantage ( "s 9 comp>ison ( o!rs1 p]haps1 altoge!r z mu* z at pres5t4 ,! true acc\nt1 :atev] x be1 :y mank9d1 or su* a "p ( mank9d1 are plac$ 9 ?is condition ( ignorance1 mu/ be suppos$ also ! true acc\nt ( our fur!r ignorance1 9 n kn[+ ! reasons :y1 or :5ce x is1 t !y are plac$ 9 ?is condition4 ,! foll[+ practical reflections may des]ve ! s]i\s consid]ation ( ^? p]sons1 :o ?9k ! circum/ances ( mank9d or _! own1 9 ! =em5tion$ respects1 a gr\nd ( compla9t4 ,fir/1 ,! evid5ce ( religion n appe>+ obvi\s1 may con/itute "o p>ticul> "p ( "s m5's trial 9 ! religi\s s5se3 z x gives scope1 = a virtu\s ex]cise1 or vici\s neglect ( _! und]/&+1 9 exam9+ or n exam9+ into t evid5ce4 ,!re seems no possible reason to be giv51 :y we may n be 9 a /ate ( moral probation1 ) reg>d to ! ex]cise ( our und]/&+ ^u ! subject ( religion1 z we are ) reg>d to our behavior 9 common affairs4 ,! =m] is z mu* a ?+ )9 our p[] & *oice z ! latt]4 ,& ,i suppose x is to be laid d[n = c]ta91 t ! same "*1 ! same inw>d pr9ciple1 :i*1 aft] a man is conv9c$ ( ! tru? ( religion1 r5d]s him ob$i5t to ! precepts ( x1 w\ld1 7 he n ?us conv9c$1 set him ab\t an exam9ation ( x1 ^u its sy/em & evid5ce be+ (f]$ to 8 ?\ghts3 & t 9 ! latt] /ate 8 exam9ation w\ld be ) an imp>tiality1 s]i\sness1 & solicitude1 proportionable to :at 8 ob$i5ce is 9 ! =m]4 ,& z inatt5tion1 neglig5ce1 want ( all s]i\s conc]n1 ab\t a matt] ( su* a nature & su* importance1 :5 (f]$ to m5's consid]ation1 is1 be=e a di/9ct conviction ( its tru?1 z real depravity & dissolut5ess1 z neglect ( religi\s practice aft] su* conviction3 s active solicitude ab\t x1 & fair imp>tial consid]ation ( its evid5ce be=e su* conviction1 is z really an ex]cise ( a morally "r temp]2 z is religi\s practice aft]4 ,?us1 t religion is n intuitively true1 b a matt] ( d$uction & inf]5ce2 t a conviction ( its tru? is n =c$ ^u e "o1 b left to be1 by "s1 collect$ ) he$ful att5tion to premises2 ?is z mu* con/itutes religi\s probation1 z mu* af=ds sph]e1 scope1 opportunity1 = "r & wrong behavior1 z any ?+ :atev] does4 ,& _! mann] ( treat+ ?is subject1 :5 laid be=e !m1 %[s :at is 9 _! he>t1 & is an ex]tion ( x4 ,secondly1 ,x appe>s to be a ?+ z evid5t1 ?\gh x is n s mu* att5d$ to1 t if1 ^u consid]ation ( religion1 ! evid5ce ( x %\ld seem to any p]sons d\btful1 9 ! highe/ supposable degree2 ev5 ?is d\btful evid5ce w1 h[ev]1 put !m into a g5]al /ate ( probation 9 ! moral & religi\s s5se4 ,=1 suppose a man to be really 9 d\bt1 :e!r su* a p]son _h n done him ! greate/ favor2 or1 :e!r 8 :ole temporal int]e/ did n dep5d ^u t p]son2 no "o1 :o _h any s5se ( gratitude & ( prud5ce1 c\ld possibly consid] himself 9 ! same situation1 ) reg>d to su* p]son1 z if he _h no su* d\bt4 ,9 tru?1 x is z j to say1 t c]ta9ty & d\bt are ! same1 z to say ! situations n[ m5tion$ w\ld leave a man z entirely at lib]ty 9 po9t ( gratitude or prud5ce1 z he w\ld be1 7 he c]ta9 he _h receiv$ no favor f su* p]son2 or t he no way dep5d$ ^u him4 ,?us1 ?\gh ! evid5ce ( religion :i* is af=d$ to "s m5 %\ld be little m ?an !y are giv5 to see1 ! sy/em ( ,*ri/ianity1 or religion 9 g5]al1 to be supposable & cr$ible2 ?is ought 9 all reason to beget a s]i\s practical appreh5sion1 t x may be true4 ,& ev5 ?is w af=d matt] ( ex]cise = religi\s susp5se & delib]ation1 = moral resolution & self-gov]nm5t2 because ! appreh5sion t religion may be true does z really lay m5 "u obligations1 z a full conviction t x is true4 ,x gives occasion & motives to consid] fur!r ! important subject2 to pres]ve att5tively ^u _! m9ds a g5]al implicit s5se t !y may be "u div9e moral gov]nm5t1 an awful solicitude ab\t religion1 :e!r natural or reveal$4 ,su* appreh5sion ought to turn m5's eyes to e degree ( new light :i* may be _h1 f :atev] side x comes2 & induce !m to refra91 9 ! mean "t1 f all immoralities1 & live 9 ! consci5ti\s practice ( e common virtue4 ,especially are !y b\nd to keep at ! greate/ di/ance f all dissolute pr(an5ess1 = ?is ! v nature ( ! case =bids2 & to treat ) highe/ rev]5ce a matt]1 ^u :i* _! own :ole int]e/ & be+1 & ! fate ( nature1 dep5d4 ,?is behavior1 & an active endeavor to ma9ta9 )9 !mselves ?is temp]1 is ! bus9ess1 ! duty1 & ! wisdom ( ^? p]sons1 :o compla9 ( ! d\btfulness ( religion3 is :at !y are "u ! mo/ prop] obligations to4 ,& su* behavior is an ex]tion (1 & has a t5d5cy to improve 9 !m1 t "*1 :i* ! practice ( all ! sev]al duties ( religion1 f a full conviction ( its tru?1 is an ex]tion (1 & has a t5d5cy to improve 9 o!rs3 o!rs1 ,i say1 to :om ,god has af=d$ su* conviction4 ,nay1 consid]+ ! inf9ite importance ( religion1 reveal$ z well z natural1 ,i ?9k x may be said 9 g5]al1 t :oev] w weigh ! matt] ?or\ghly may see1 !re is n ne> s mu* diff]5ce1 z is commonly imag9$1 betwe5 :at ought 9 reason to be ! rule ( life1 to ^? p]sons :o are fully conv9c$ ( its tru?1 & to ^? :o h only a s]i\s d\bt+ appreh5sion1 t x may be true4 ,_! hopes1 & fe>s1 & obligations1 w be 9 v>i\s degrees3 b1 z ! subject-matt] ( _! hopes & fe>s is ! same1 s ! subject-matt] ( _! obligations1 :at !y are b\nd to d & to refra9 f1 is n s v unlike4 ,x is to be obs]v$ fur!r1 t1 f a "* ( und]/&+1 or a situation ( influ5ce 9 ! _w1 "s p]sons h x 9 _! p[] to d inf9itely m h>m or good1 by sett+ an example ( pr(an5ess & av[$ disreg>d to all religion1 or1 on ! contr>y1 ( a s]i\s1 ?\gh p]haps d\bt+1 appreh5sion ( its tru?1 & ( a rev]5t reg>d to x "u ?is d\btfulness2 ?an !y c d1 by act+ well or ill 9 all ! common int]c\rses among mank9d4 ,consequ5tly !y are mo/ highly acc\ntable = a behavior1 :i*1 !y may easily =esee1 is ( su* importance1 & 9 :i* !re is mo/ pla9ly a "r & a wrong2 ev5 admitt+ ! evid5ce ( religion to be z d\btful z is pret5d$4 ,! gr\nd ( ^! obs]vations1 & t :i* r5d]s !m j & true1 is1 t d\bt+ necess>ily implies "s degree ( evid5ce = t1 ( :i* we d\bt4 ,= no p]son w\ld be 9 d\bt conc]n+ ! tru? ( a numb] ( facts s & s circum/anc$1 :i* %\ld accid5tally come into 8 ?\ghts1 & ( :i* he _h no evid5ce at all4 ,& ?\gh 9 ! case ( an ev5 *ance1 & :]e consequ5tly we 7 9 d\bt1 we %\ld 9 common language say1 t we _h no evid5ce at all = ei!r side2 yet t situation ( ?+s1 :i* r5d]s x an ev5 *ance & no m1 t su* an ev5t w happ51 r5d]s ?is case equival5t to all o!rs1 :]e !re is su* evid5ce on bo? sides ( a "q1#bdf z leaves ! m9d 9 d\bt conc]n+ ! tru?4 ,inde$ 9 all ^! cases1 !re is no m evid5ce on "o side ?an on ! o!r2 b !re is 7:at is equival5t to7 mu* m = ei!r1 ?an = ! tru? ( a numb] ( facts1 :i* come into "o's ?\ghts at r&om4 ,?us1 9 all ^! cases1 d\bt z mu* presupposes evid5ce1 9 l[] degrees1 z belief presupposes high]1 & c]ta9ty high] /ill4 ,any "o1 :o w a little att5d to ! nature ( evid5ce1 w easily c>ry ?is obs]vation on1 & see1 t betwe5 no evid5ce at all1 & t degree ( x :i* af=ds gr\nd ( d\bt1 !re are z _m int]m$iate degrees1 z !re are1 betwe5 t degree :i* is ! gr\nd ( d\bt1 & demon/ration4 ,& ?\gh we h n faculties to di/+ui% ^! degrees ( evid5ce ) any sort ( exactness2 yet1 9 proportion z !y are disc]n$1 !y ought to influ5ce our practice4 ,x is z real an imp]fection 9 ! moral "*1 n to be influ5c$ 9 practice by a l[] degree ( evid5ce :5 disc]n$1 z x is 9 ! und]/&+1 n to disc]n x4 ,& z1 9 all subjects :i* m5 consid]1 !y disc]n ! l[] z well z high] degrees ( evid5ce1 proportionably to _! capacity ( und]/&+2 s1 9 practical subjects1 !y are influ5c$ 9 practice1 by ! l[] z well z high] degrees ( x1 proportionably to _! fairness & hone/y4 ,& z1 9 proportion to defects 9 ! und]/&+1 m5 are unapt to see l[] degrees ( evid5ce1 are 9 dang] ( ov]look+ evid5ce :5 x is n gl>+1 & are easily impos$ ^u 9 su* cases2 s1 9 proportion to ! corruption ( ! he>t1 !y seem capable ( satisfy+ !mselves ) hav+ no reg>d 9 practice to evid5ce ackn[l$g$ to be real1 if x be n ov]be>+4 ,f ^! ?+s x mu/ foll[1 t d\bt+ conc]n+ religion implies su* a degree ( evid5ce = x1 z1 jo9$ ) ! consid]ation ( its importance1 unque/ionably lays m5 "u ! obligations be=e m5tion$1 to h a dutiful reg>d to x 9 all _! behavior4 ,?irdly1 ,! difficulties 9 :i* ! evid5ce ( religion is involv$1 :i* "s compla9 (1 is no m a j gr\nd ( compla9t1 ?an ! ext]nal circum/ances ( temptation1 :i* o!rs are plac$ 92 or ?an difficulties 9 ! practice ( x1 aft] a full conviction ( its tru?4 ,temptations r5d] our /ate a m improv+ /ate ( discipl9e1#bdg ?an x w\ld be o!rwise3 z !y give occasion = a m att5tive ex]cise ( ! virtu\s pr9ciple1 :i* confirms & /r5g!ns x m1 ?an an easi] or less att5tive ex]cise ( x c\ld4 ,speculative difficulties are1 9 ?is respect1 ( ! v same nature ) ^! ext]nal temptations4 ,= ! evid5ce ( religion n appe>+ obvi\s1 is to "s p]sons a temptation to reject x1 )\t any consid]ation at all2 & !re=e requires su* an att5tive ex]cise ( ! virtu\s pr9ciple1 s]i\sly to consid] t evid5ce1 z !re w\ld be no occasion =1 b = su* temptation4 ,& ! suppos$ d\btfulness ( its evid5ce1 aft] x has be5 9 "s sort consid]$1 af=ds opportunity to an unfair m9d ( expla9+ away1 & deceitfully hid+ f itself1 t evid5ce :i* x might see2 & also = m5's enc\rag+ !mselves 9 vice1 f hopes ( impunity1 ?\gh !y d cle>ly see ?us mu* at lea/1 t ^! hopes are unc]ta94 ,9 l mann] ! common temptation to _m in/ances ( folly1 :i* end 9 temporal infamy & ru91 is ! gr\nd = hope ( n be+ detect$1 & ( escap+ ) impunity2 i4e4 ! d\btfulness ( ! pro( be=eh&1 t su* fooli% behavior w ?us end 9 infamy & ru94 ,on ! contr>y1 suppos$ d\btfulness 9 ! evid5ce ( religion calls = a m c>eful & att5tive ex]cise ( ! virtu\s pr9ciple1 9 fairly yield+ !mselves up to ! prop] influ5ce ( any real evid5ce1 ?\gh d\btful2 & 9 practis+ consci5ti\sly all virtue1 ?\gh "u "s unc]ta9ty1 :e!r ! gov]nm5t 9 ! univ]se may n possibly be su*1 z t vice may escape ) impunity4 ,& 9 g5]al1 temptation1 mean+ by ?is ^w ! less] allurem5ts to wrong & difficulties 9 ! dis*>ge ( our duty1 z well z ! great] ones2 temptation1 ,i say1 z su* & ( e k9d & degree1 z x calls =? "s virtu\s ef=ts1 additional to :at w\ld o!rwise h be5 want+1 _c b be an additional discipl9e & improvem5t ( virtue1 z well z probation ( x 9 ! o!r s5ses ( t ^w4#bdh ,s t ! v same acc\nt is to be giv51 :y ! evid5ce ( religion %\ld be left 9 su* a mann]1 z to require1 9 "s1 an att5tive1 solicit\s1 p]haps pa9ful ex]cise ( _! und]/&+ ab\t x2 z :y o!rs %\ld be plac$ 9 su* circum/ances1 z t ! practice ( its common duties1 aft] a full conviction ( ! tru? ( x1 %\ld require att5tion1 solicitude1 & pa9s3 or1 :y appe>+ d\btfulness %\ld be p]mitt$ to af=d matt] ( temptation to "s2 z :y ext]nal difficulties & allurem5ts %\ld be p]mitt$ to af=d matt] ( temptation to o!rs4 ,! same acc\nt also is to be giv51 :y "s %\ld be ex]cis$ ) temptations ( bo? ^! k9ds2 z :y o!rs %\ld be ex]cis$ ) ! latt] 9 su* v high degrees1 z "s h be51 p>ticul>ly z ! primitive ,*ri/ians 74 ,nor does !re appe> any absurdity 9 suppos+1 t ! speculative difficulties1 9 :i* ! evid5ce ( religion is involv$1 may make ev5 ! pr9cipal "p ( "s p]sons' trial4 ,= z ! *ief temptations ( ! g5]ality ( ! _w are ! ord9>y motives to inju/ice1 or unre/ra9$ pleasure1 or to live 9 ! neglect ( religion1 f t frame ( m9d :i* r5d]s _m p]sons almo/ )\t feel+ z to any ?+ di/ant1 or :i* is n ! object ( _! s5ses2 s !re are o!r p]sons )\t ?is %all[ness ( temp]1 p]sons ( a deep] s5se z to :at is invisible & future2 :o n only see1 b h a g5]al practical feel+1 t :at is to come w be pres5t1 & t ?+s are n less real = _! n be+ ! objects ( s5se2 & :o1 f _! natural con/itution ( body & ( temp]1 & f _! ext]nal condition1 may h small temptations to behave ill1 small difficulty 9 behav+ well1 9 ! common c\rse ( life4 ,n[ :5 ^! latt] p]sons h a di/9ct full conviction ( me tru? ( religion1 )\t any possible d\bts or difficulties1 ! practice ( x is to !m unavoidable1 unless !y d a con/ant viol5ce to _! own m9ds2 & religion is sc>ce any m a discipl9e to !m1 ?an x is to creatures 9 a /ate ( p]fection4 ,yet ^! p]sons may possibly /& 9 ne$ ( moral discipl9e & ex]cise1 9 a high] degree ?an !y w\ld h by su* an easy practice ( religion4 ,or x may be requisite1 = reasons unkn[n to u1 t !y %\ld give "s fur!r manife/ation#bdi :at is _! moral "*1 to ! creation ( ,god1 ?an su* a practice ( x w\ld be4 ,?us 9 ! great v>iety ( religi\s situations 9 :i* m5 are plac$1 :at con/itutes1 :at *iefly & peculi>ly con/itutes1 ! probation1 9 all s5ses1 ( "s p]sons1 may be ! difficulties 9 :i* ! evid5ce ( religion is involv$3 & _! pr9cipal & di/+ui%$ trial may be1 h[ !y w behave "u & ) respect to ^! difficulties4 ,circum/ances 9 m5's situation 9 _! temporal capacity1 analog\s 9 good measure to ?is respect+ religion1 are to be obs]v$4 ,we f9d "s p]sons are plac$ 9 su* a situation 9 ! _w1 z t _! *ief difficulty ) reg>d to conduct1 is n ! do+ :at is prud5t :5 x is kn[n2 = ?is1 9 numb]less cases1 is z easy z ! contr>y3 b to "s ! pr9cipal ex]cise is1 recollection & be+ ^u _! gu>d aga9/ deceits1 ! deceits suppose ( ^? ab\t !m2 aga9/ false appe>ances ( reason & prud5ce4 ,to p]sons 9 "s situations1 ! pr9cipal ex]cise ) respect to conduct is1 att5tion 9 ord] to in=m !mselves :at is prop]1 :at is really ! reasonable & prud5t "p to act4 ,f\r?ly4 ,z ,i h hi!rto gone ^u supposition1 t m5's dissatisfaction ) ! evid5ce ( religion is n ow+ to _! neglects or prejudices2 x mu/ be add$1 on ! o!r h&1 9 all common reason1 & z :at ! tru? ( ! case pla9ly requires %\ld be add$1 t su* dissatisfaction possibly may be ow+ to ^?1 possibly may be m5's own fault4 ,=1 ,if !re are any p]sons1 :o nev] set !mselves he>tily & 9 e>ne/ to be in=m$ 9 religion3 if !re are any1 :o secretly wi% x may n prove true2 & are less att5tive to evid5ce ?an to difficulties1 & m to objections ?an to :at is said 9 answ] to !m3 ^! p]sons w sc>ce be ?\ght 9 a likely way ( see+ ! evid5ce ( religion1 ?\gh x 7 mo/ c]ta9ly true1 & capable ( be+ ev] s fully prov$4 ,if any accu/om !mselves to consid] ?is subject 9 ! way ( mir? & sport3 if !y att5d to =ms & repres5tations1 & inadequate mann]s ( expression1 in/ead ( ! real ?+s int5d$ by !m3 7= signs (t5 c be no m ?an inadequately expressive ( ! ?+s signifi$37 or if !y sub/itute human errors 9 ! room ( div9e tru?2 :y may n all1 or any ( ^! ?+s1 h9d] "s m5 f see+ t evid5ce1 :i* really is se5 by o!rs2 z a l turn ( m9d1 ) respect to matt]s ( common speculation & practice1 does1 we f9d by exp]i5ce1 h9d] !m f atta9+ t k & "r und]/&+1 9 matt]s ( common speculation & practice1 :i* m fair & att5tive m9ds atta9 to8 ,& ! effect w be ! same1 :e!r _! neglect ( s]i\sly consid]+ ! evid5ce ( religion1 & _! indirect behavior ) reg>d to x1 proce$ f m]e c>elessness1 or f ! gross] vices2 or :e!r x be ow+ to ?is1 t =ms & figurative mann]s ( expression1 z well z errors1 adm9i/] occasions ( ridicule1 :5 ! ?+s int5d$1 & ! tru? itself1 w\ld n4 ,m5 may indulge a ludicr\s turn s f> z to lose all s5se ( conduct & prud5ce 9 worldly affairs1 & ev51 z x seems1 to impair _! faculty ( reason4 ,& 9 g5]al1 levity1 c>elessness1 passion1 & prejudice d h9d] u f be+ rightly in=m$1 ) respect to common ?+s3 & !y may1 9 l mann]1 & p]haps1 9 "s fur!r provid5tial mann]1 ) respect to moral & religi\s subjects3 may h9d] evid5ce f be+ laid be=e u1 & f be+ se5 :5 x is4 ,! ,scripture#bej does decl>e1 t e "o %all n und]/&4 ,& x makes no diff]5ce1 by :at provid5tial conduct ?is comes to pass3 :e!r ! evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity 01 orig9ally & ) design1 put & left s1 z t ^? :o are desir\s ( evad+ moral obligations %\ld n see x2 & t hone/-m9d$ p]sons %\ld3 or1 :e!r x comes to pass by any o!r means4 ,fur!r3 ,fif?ly4 ,! g5]al pro( ( natural religion & ( ,*ri/ianity does1 ,i ?9k1 lie level to common m53 ev5 ^?1 ! greate/ "p ( ^: "t1 f *ildhood to old age1 is tak5 up ) provid+ = !mselves & _! families ! common conv5i5ces1 p]haps necess>ies1 ( life3 ^? ,i mean1 ( ?is rank1 :o ev] ?9k at all ( ask+ aft] pro(1 or att5d+ to x4 ,common m51 7 !y z mu* 9 e>ne/ ab\t religion1 z ab\t _! temporal affairs1 are capable ( be+ conv9c$ ^u real evid5ce1 t !re is a ,god :o gov]ns ! _w3 & !y feel !mselves to be ( a moral nature1 & acc\ntable creatures4 ,& z ,*ri/ianity entirely falls 9 ) ?is _! natural s5se ( ?+s1 s !y are capable1 n only ( be+ p]suad$1 b ( be+ made to see1 t !re is evid5ce ( miracles wr\ght 9 atte/ation ( x1 & _m appe>+ completions ( prophecy4 ,?is pro(1 ?\gh real & conclusive1 is liable to objections1 & may be run up into difficulties2 :i* h[ev] p]sons :o are capable n only ( talk+ (1 b ( really see+1 are capable also ( see+ ?r\gh3 i4e4 n ( cle>+ up & answ]+ !m1 s z to satisfy _! curiosity1 = ( su* k we are n capable ) respect to any "o ?+ 9 nature2 b capable ( see+ t ! pro( is n lo/ 9 ^! difficulties1 or de/roy$ by ^! objections4 ,b !n a ?or\gh exam9ation into religion ) reg>d to ^! objections1 :i* _c be ! bus9ess ( e man1 is a matt] ( pretty l>ge compass1 &1 f ! nature ( x1 requires "s k1 z well z "t & att5tion2 to see1 h[ ! evid5ce comes out1 ^u balanc+ "o ?+ ) ano!r1 & :at1 ^u ! :ole1 is ! am\nt ( x4 ,if p]sons :o pick up ^! objections f o!rs1 & take = grant$ !y are ( weight1 ^u ! ^w ( ^? f :om !y receiv$ !m1 or1 by (t5 retail+ ( !m1 come to see or fancy !y see !m to be ( weight2 w n prep>e !mselves = su* an exam9ation1 ) a compet5t degree ( k2 or w n give t "t & att5tion to ! subject1 :i*1 f ! nature ( x1 is necess>y = atta9+ su* in=mation3 9 ?is case1 !y mu/ rema9 9 d\btfulness1 ignorance1 or error3 9 ! same way z !y mu/1 ) reg>d to common sci5ces1 & matt]s ( common life1 if !y neglect ! necess>y means ( be+ in=m$ 9 !m4 ,p]haps x w /ill be object$1 t if a pr9ce or common ma/] 7 to s5d directions to a s]vant1 he w\ld take c>e1 t !y %\ld always be> ! c]ta9 m>ks1 :o !y came f1 & t _! s5se %\ld be always pla93 s z t !re %\ld be no possible d\bt if he c\ld help x1 conc]n+ ! au?ority or mean+ ( !m4 ,! prop] answ] to all ?is k9d ( objections is1 t1 :]ev] ! fallacy lies1 x is ev5 c]ta9 we _c argue ?us ) respect to ,him :o is ! ,gov]nor ( ! _w3 & t he does n af=d u su* in=mation1 ) respect to our temporal affairs & int]e/s1 exp]i5ce abundantly %[s4 ,h[ev]1 !re is a full answ] to ?is objection1 f ! v nature ( religion4 ,! reason :y a pr9ce w\ld give 8 directions 9 ?is pla9 mann] is1 t he absolutely desires an ext]nal action done1 )\t conc]n+ himself ) ! motive or pr9ciple ^u :i* x is done3 i4e4 he reg>ds only ! ext]nal ev5t1 or ! ?+'s be+ done2 & n at all1 prop]ly speak+1 ! do+ ( x1 or ! action4 ,:]eas ! :ole ( morality & religion consi/+ m]ely 9 action itself1 !re is no sort ( p>allel betwe5 ! cases4 ,b if ! pr9ce be suppos$ to reg>d only ! action2 i4e4 only to desire to ex]cise1 or 9 any s5se prove1 ! und]/&+ or loyalty ( a s]vant2 he w\ld n always give 8 ord]s 9 su* a pla9 mann]4 ,x may be prop] to add1 t ! w ( ,god1 respect+ morality & religion1 may be consid]$ ei!r z absolute1 or z only conditional4 ,if x be absolute1 x c only be ?us1 t we %\ld act virtu\sly 9 su* giv5 circum/ances2 n t we %\ld be br\ght to act s1 by ?is *ang+ ( our circum/ances4 ,& if ,god's w be ?us absolute1 !n x is 9 our p[]1 9 ! highe/ & /ricte/ s5se1 to d or to contradict 8 w2 :i* is a mo/ weighty consid]ation4 ,or 8 w may be consid]$ only z conditional1 t if we act s & s1 we %all be rew>d$3 if o!rwise1 puni%$3 ( :i* conditional w ( ! ,au?or ( nature1 ! :ole con/itution ( x af=ds mo/ c]ta9 in/ances4 ,^u ! :ole3 t we are 9 a /ate ( religion necess>ily implies1 t we are 9 a /ate ( probation3 & ! cr$ibility ( our be+ at all 9 su* a /ate be+ admitt$1 !re seems no peculi> difficulty 9 suppos+ our probation to be1 j z x is1 9 ^? respects :i* are above object$ aga9/4 ,!re seems no pret5ce1 f ! reason ( ! ?+1 to say1 t ! trial _c equitably be any ?+1 b :e!r p]sons w act suitably to c]ta9 in=mation1 or su* z admits no room = d\bt2 s z t !re c be no dang] ( misc>riage1 b ei!r f _! n att5d+ to :at !y c]ta9ly "k1 or f ov]be>+ passion hurry+ !m on to act contr>y to x4 ,=1 s9ce ignorance & d\bt1 af=d scope = probation 9 all s5ses1 z really z intuitive conviction or c]ta9ty2 & s9ce ! two =m] are to be put to ! same acc\nt z difficulties 9 practice2 m5's moral probation may also be1 :e!r !y w take due c>e to in=m !mselves by imp>tial consid]ation1 & aft]w>ds :e!r !y w act z ! case requires1 ^u ! evid5ce :i* !y h1 h[ev] d\btful4 ,& ?is1 we f9d by exp]i5ce1 is frequ5tly our probation1#bea 9 our temporal capacity4 ,=1 ! in=mation :i* we want ) reg>d to our worldly int]e/s is by no means always giv5 u ( c\rse1 )\t any c>e ( our own4 ,& we are greatly liable to self-deceit f inw>d secret prejudices1 & also to ! deceits ( o!rs4 ,s t to be able to judge :at is ! prud5t "p1 (t5 requires mu* & difficult consid]ation4 ,!n aft] we h judg$ ! v be/ we c1 ! evid5ce ^u :i* we mu/ act1 if we w live & act at all1 is p]petually d\btful to a v high degree4 ,& ! con/itution & c\rse ( ! _w 9 fact is su*1 z t want ( imp>tial consid]ation :at we h to d1 & v5tur+ ^u extravagant c\rses because x is d\btful :at w be ! consequ5ce1 are (t5 naturally1 i4e4 provid5tially1 altoge!r z fatal1 z misconduct occasion$ by he$less inatt5tion to :at we c]ta9ly "k1 or disreg>d+ x f ov]be>+ passion4 ,sev]al ( ! obs]vations "h made may well seem /range1 p]haps un9telligible1 to _m good m54 ,b if ! p]sons = ^: sake !y are made ?9k s1 7p]sons :o object z above1 & ?r[ (f all reg>d to religion "u pret5ce ( want ( evid5ce27 ,i desire !m to consid] aga91 :e!r _! ?9k+ s be ow+ to any ?+ un9telligible 9 ^! obs]vations1 or to _! own n hav+ su* a s5se ( religion & s]i\s solicitude ab\t x1 z ev5 _! /ate ( scepticism does 9 all reason require8 ,x ought to be =c$ ^u ! reflection ( ^! p]sons1 t our nature & condition necess>ily require u1 9 ! daily c\rse ( life1 to act ^u evid5ce mu* l[] ?an :at is commonly call$ probable3 to gu>d1 n only aga9/ :at we fully believe w1 b also aga9/ :at we ?9k x supposable may1 happ52 & to engage 9 pursuits :5 ! probability is greatly aga9/ success1 if x ev5 be cr$ible1 t possibly we may succe$ 9 !m4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,p>ticul> ,,evid5ce ,,= ,,*ri/ianity4 ,! presumptions aga9/ revelation1 & objections aga9/ ! g5]al s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity1 & p>ticul> ?+s relat+ to x1 be+ remov$1 !re rema9s to be consid]$1 :at positive evid5ce we h = ! tru? ( x2 *iefly 9 ord] to see1 :at ! analogy ( nature sugge/s ) reg>d to t evid5ce1 & ! objections aga9/ x3 or to see :at is1 & is all[$ to be1 ! pla9 natural rule ( judgm5t & ( action1 9 our temporal conc]ns1 9 cases :]e we h ! same k9d ( evid5ce1 & ! same k9d ( objections aga9/ x1 t we h 9 ! case be=e u4 ,9 ! evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity !re seem to be sev]al ?+s ( great weight1 n r$ucible to ! head1 ei!r ( miracles1 or ! completion ( prophecy1 9 ! common acceptation ( ! words4 ,b ^! two are its direct & fundam5tal pro(s3 & ^? o!r ?+s1 h[ev] consid]able !y are1 yet ought nev] to be urg$ ap>t f its direct pro(s1 b always to be jo9$ ) !m4 ,?us ! evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity w be a long s]ies ( ?+s1 rea*+1 z x seems1 f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w to ! pres5t "t1 ( great v>iety & compass1 tak+ 9 bo? ! direct & also ! collat]al1 pro(s1 & mak+ up1 all ( !m toge!r1 "o argum5t4 ,! conviction aris+ f ?is k9d ( pro( may be comp>$ to :at !y call ! effect1 9 ar*itecture or o!r works ( art2 a result f a great numb] ( ?+s1 s & s dispos$1 & tak5 into "o view4 ,i %all !re=e1 fir/1 make "s obs]vations relat+ to miracles1 & ! appe>+ completions ( prophecy2 & consid] :at analogy sugge/s1 9 answ] to ! objections br\ght aga9/ ?is evid5ce4 ,&1 secondly1 ,i %all endeavor to give "s acc\nt ( ! g5]al argum5t n[ m5tion$1 consi/+ bo? ( ! direct & collat]al evid5ce1 consid]$ z mak+ up "o argum5t3 ?is be+ ! k9d ( pro(1 ^u :i* we det]m9e mo/ que/ions ( difficulty1 conc]n+ common facts1 alleg$ to h happ5$1 or seem+ likely to happ52 especially que/ions relat+ to conduct4 ,fir/1 ,i %all make "s obs]vations ^u ! direct pro( ( ,*ri/ianity f miracles & prophecy1 & ^u ! objections alleg$ aga9/ x4#beb ,i4 ,n[ ! foll[+ obs]vations relat+ to ! hi/orical evid5ce ( miracles wr\ght 9 atte/ation ( ,*ri/ianity appe> to be ( great weight4 #a4 ,! ,old ,te/am5t af=ds u ! same hi/orical evid5ce ( ! miracles ( ,moses & ( ! prophets1 z ( ! common civil hi/ory ( ,moses & ! k+s ( ,israel2 or1 z ( ! affairs ( ! ,jewi% nation4 ,& ! ,gospels & ! ,acts af=d u ! same hi/orical evid5ce ( ! miracles ( ,*ri/ & ! apo/les1 z ( ! common matt]s relat$ 9 !m4 ,?is inde$ c\ld n h be5 affirm$ by any reasonable man1 if ! au?ors ( ^! books1 l _m o!r hi/orians1 _h appe>$ to aim at an ent]ta9+ mann] ( writ+1 & h5ce int]sp]s$ miracles 9 _! works1 at prop] di/ances & ^u prop] occasions4 ,^! might h animat$ a dull relation1 amus$ ! read]1 & engag$ 8 att5tion4 ,& ! same acc\nt w\ld naturally h be5 giv5 ( !m1 z ( ! spee*es & descriptions giv5 by su* au?ors3 ! same acc\nt1 9 a mann]1 z is to be giv51 :y ! poets make use ( wond]s & prodigies4 ,b ! facts1 bo? miracul\s & natural1 9 ,scripture1 are relat$ 9 pla9 unadorn$ n>ratives1 & bo? ( !m appe>1 9 all respects1 to /& ^u ! same foot ( hi/orical evid5ce4#bec ,fur!r3 "s p>ts ( ,scripture1 conta9+ an acc\nt ( miracles fully suffici5t to prove ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity1 are quot$ z g5u9e1 f ! age 9 :i* !y are said to be writt51 d[n to ! pres5t3 & no o!r p>ts ( !m1 mat]ial 9 ! pres5t "q1 are omitt$ to be quot$ 9 su* mann]1 z to af=d any sort ( pro( ( _! n be+ g5u9e4 ,&1 z common hi/ory1 :5 call$ 9 "q 9 any in/ance1 may (t5 be greatly confirm$ by contempor>y or subsequ5t ev5ts m kn[n & ackn[l$g$2 & z ! common ,scripture hi/ory1 l _m o!rs1 is ?us confirm$2 s likewise is ! miracul\s hi/ory ( x1 n only 9 p>ticul> in/ances1 b 9 g5]al4 ,=1 ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,jewi% & ,*ri/ian religions1 :i* 7 ev5ts contempor>y ) ! miracles relat$ to be wr\ght 9 atte/ation ( bo?1 or subsequ5t to !m1 ^! ev5ts are j :at we %\ld h expect$1 ^u supposition su* miracles 7 really wr\ght to atte/ ! tru? ( ^? religions4 ,^! miracles are a satisfactory acc\nt ( ^? ev5ts3 ( :i* no o!r satisfactory acc\nt c be giv52 nor any acc\nt at all1 b :at is m]ely imag9>y & inv5t$4 ,x is to be add$1 t ! mo/ obvi\s1 ! mo/ easy & direct acc\nt ( ?is hi/ory1 h[ x came to be writt51 & to be receiv$ 9 ! _w z a true hi/ory1 is t x really is s2 nor c any o!r acc\nt ( x be easy & direct4 ,n[1 ?\gh an acc\nt1 n at all obvi\s1 b v f>-fet*$ & indirect1 may be & (t5 is1 ! true acc\nt ( a matt]1 yet x _c be admitt$ on ! au?ority ( its be+ ass]t$4 ,m]e guess1 supposition1 & possibility1 :5 oppos$ to hi/orical evid5ce1 prove no?+1 b t hi/orical evid5ce is n demon/rative4 ,! j consequ5ce f all ?is1 ,i ?9k is1 t ! ,scripture hi/ory 9 g5]al is to be admitt$ z an au!ntic g5u9e hi/ory1 till some?+ positive be alleg$ suffici5t to invalidate x4 ,no man w d5y ! consequ5ce to be1 t x _c be reject$1 or ?r[n by z ( no au?ority1 till x c be prov$ to be ( none2 ev5 ?\gh ! evid5ce n[ m5tion$ = its au?ority 7 d\btful4 ,?is evid5ce may be confront$ by hi/orical evid5ce on ! o!r side1 if !re be any3 or g5]al incr$ibility 9 ! ?+s relat$1 or inconsi/5ce 9 ! g5]al turn ( ! hi/ory1 w\ld prove x to be ( no au?ority4 ,b s9ce1 ^u ! face ( ! matt]1 ^u a fir/ & g5]al view1 ! appe>ance is1 t x is an au!ntic hi/ory1 x _c be det]m9$ to be fictiti\s1 )\t "s pro( t x is s4 ,! foll[+ obs]vations 9 support ( ^!1 & co9cid5t ) !m1 w greatly confirm ! hi/orical evid5ce = ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity4 #b4 ,! ,epi/les ( ,paul1 f ! nature ( epi/ol>y writ+1 & moreov] f sev]al ( !m be+ writt51 n to p>ticul> p]sons b to *ur*es1 c>ry 9 !m evid5ces ( _! be+ g5u9e1 beyond :at c be 9 a m]e hi/orical n>rative1 left to ! _w at l>ge4 ,?is evid5ce1#bed jo9$ ) t :i* !y h 9 common ) ! re/ ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 seems n to leave s mu* z any p>ticul> pret5ce = d5y+ _! g5u95ess1 consid]$ z an ord9>y matt] ( fact1 or ( criticism3 ,i say p>ticul> pret5ce1 = d5y+ x2 because any s+le fact1 ( su* a k9d & su* antiquity1 may h g5]al d\bts rais$ conc]n+ x1 f ! v nature ( human affairs & human te/imony4 ,!re is also to be m5tion$ a di/9ct & p>ticul> evid5ce ( ! g5u95ess ( ! epi/le *iefly ref]r$ to "h1 ! fir/ to ! ,cor9?ians2 f ! mann] 9 :i* x is quot$ by ,clem5s ,romanus1 9 an epi/le ( 8 own to t *ur*4#bee ,n[ ^! epi/les af=d a pro( ( ,*ri/ianity1 deta*$ f all o!rs1 :i* is1 ,i ?9k1 a ?+ ( weight2 & also a pro( ( a nature & k9d peculi> to itself4 ,=1 ,9 !m ! au?or decl>es1 t he receiv$ ! ,gospel 9 g5]al1 & ! in/itution ( ! ,communion 9 p>ticul>1 n f ! re/ ( ! apo/les1 or jo9tly toge!r ) !m1 b alone1 f ,*ri/ himself2 :om he decl>es likewise1 con=mably to ! hi/ory 9 ! ,acts1 t he saw aft] 8 asc5sion4#bef ,s t ! te/imony ( ,paul is to be consid]$1 z deta*$ f t ( ! re/ ( ! apo/les4 ,he decl>es fur!r1 t he 0 endu$ ) a p[] ( work+ miracles1 z :at 0 publicly kn[n to ^? v p1 speaks ( frequ5t & great v>iety ( miracul\s gifts z !n subsi/+ 9 ^? v *ur*es1 to :i* he 0 writ+2 :i* he 0 reprov+ = sev]al irregul>ities1 & :]e he _h p]sonal oppos]s4 ,he m5tions ^! gifts incid5tally1 9 ! mo/ easy mann]1 & )\t ef=t2 by way ( repro( to ^? :o _h !m1 = _! indec5t use ( !m2 & by way ( depreciat+ !m1 9 comp>ison ( moral virtues4 ,9 %ort he speaks to ^! *ur*es1 ( ^! miracul\s p[]s1 9 ! mann] any "o w\ld speak to ano!r ( a ?+1 :i* 0 z famili>1 & z mu* kn[n 9 common to !m bo?1 z any ?+ 9 ! _w4#beg ,& ?is1 z ha? be5 obs]v$ by sev]al p]sons1 is surely a v consid]able ?+4 #c4 ,x is an ackn[l$g$ hi/orical fact1 t ,*ri/ianity (f]$ itself to ! _w1 & dem&$ to be receiv$1 ^u ! allegation1 7i4e4 z unbeliev]s w\ld speak1 ^u ! pret5ce17 ( miracles1 publicly wr\ght to atte/ ! tru? ( x1 9 su* an age2 & t x 0 actually receiv$ by great numb]s 9 t v age1 & ^u ! pr(ess$ belief ( ! reality ( ^! miracles4 ,& ,*ri/ianity1 includ+ ! disp5sation ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 seems di/+ui%$ by ?is f all o!r religions4 ,i mean1 t ?is does n appe> to be ! case ) reg>d to any o!r2 = surely x w n be suppos$ to lie ^u any p]son1 to prove by positive hi/orical evid5ce1 t x 0 n4 ,x does 9 no sort appe> t ,mahometanism 0 fir/ receiv$ 9 ! _w ^u ! foot ( suppos$ miracles1#beh i4e4 public ones3#bei =1 z revelation is itself miracul\s1 all pret5ce to x mu/ necess>ily imply "s pret5ce ( miracles4 ,& x is a kn[n fact1 t x 0 imm$iately1 at ! v fir/1 propagat$ by o!r means4 ,& z p>ticul> in/itutions1 :e!r 9 ,paganism or ,pop]y1 said to be confirm$ by miracles aft] ^? in/itutions _h obta9$1 are n to ! purpose3 s1 7 !re :at might be call$ hi/orical pro(1 t any ( !m 7 introduc$ by a suppos$ div9e comm&1 believ$ to be atte/$ by miracles2 ^! w\ld n be 9 any wise p>allel4 ,= s+le ?+s ( ?is sort are easy to be acc\nt$ =1 aft] p>ties are =m$1 & h p[] 9 _! h&s2 & ! lead]s ( !m are 9 v5]ation ) ! multitude2 & political int]e/s are bl5d$ ) religi\s claims1 & religi\s di/9ctions4 ,b be=e any ?+ ( ?is k9d1 = a few p]sons1 & ^? ( ! l[e/ rank1 all at once1 to br+ ov] su* great numb]s to a new religion1 & get x to be receiv$ ^u ! p>ticul> evid5ce ( miracles2 ?is is q ano!r ?+4 ,i ?9k x w be all[$ by any fair adv]s>y1 t ! fact n[ m5tion$1 tak+ 9 all ! circum/ances1 is peculi> to ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,h[ev]1 ! fact itself is all[$1 t ,*ri/ianity obta9$1 i4e4 0 pr(ess$ to be receiv$ 9 ! _w1 ^u ! belief ( miracles1 imm$iately 9 ! age 9 :i* x is said ^? miracles 7 wr\ght3 or t ?is is :at its fir/ conv]ts w\ld h alleg$1 z ! reason = _! embrac+ x4 ,x is n to be suppos$ t su* numb]s ( m51 9 ! mo/ di/ant p>ts ( ! _w1 %\ld =sake ! religion ( _! c\ntry1 9 :i* !y _h be5 educat$2 sep>ate !mselves f _! fri5ds1 p>ticul>ly 9 _! fe/ival %[s & solemnities1 to :i* ! common p are s greatly addict$1 & :i* 7 ( a nature to engage !m mu* m1 ?an any ?+ ( t sort among u3 & embrace a religion1 :i* c\ld n b expose !m to _m inconv5i5ces1 & inde$ mu/ h be5 a giv+ up ! _w 9 a great degree1 ev5 f ! v fir/1 & be=e ! empire engag$ 9 =m aga9/ !m3 x _c be suppos$1 t su* numb]s %\ld make s great1 & to say ! lea/1 s inconv5i5t a *ange 9 _! :ole in/itution ( life1 unless !y 7 really conv9c$ ( ! tru? ( ^? miracles1 ^u ! k or belief ( :i* !y pr(ess$ to make x4 ,& x w1 ,i suppose1 readily be ackn[l$g$1 t ! g5]ality ( ! fir/ conv]ts to ,*ri/ianity mu/ h believ$ !m3 t z by becom+ ,*ri/ians !y decl>$ to ! _w1 !y 7 satisfi$ ( ! tru? ( ^? miracles2 s ?is decl>ation 0 to be cr$it$4 ,& ?is _! te/imony is ! same k9d ( evid5ce = ^? miracles1 z if !y _h put x 9 writ+1 & ^! writ+s _h come d[n to u4 ,& x is real evid5ce1 because x is ( facts1 :i* !y _h capacity & full opportunity to in=m !mselves (4 ,x is also di/9ct f ! direct or express hi/orical evid5ce1 ?\gh x is ( ! same k9d3 & w\ld be all[$ to be di/9ct 9 all cases4 ,= 7 a fact expressly relat$ by "o or m anci5t hi/orians1 & disput$ 9 aft] ages2 t ?is fact is ackn[l$g$ to h be5 believ$ by great numb]s ( ! age 9 :i* ! hi/orian says x 0 done1 w\ld be all[$ an additional pro( ( su* fact1 q di/9ct f ! express te/imony ( ! hi/orian4 ,! cr$ulity ( mank9d is ackn[l$g$3 & ! suspicions ( mank9d ought to be ackn[l$g$ too2 & _! backw>dness ev5 to believe1 & great] /ill to practise1 :at makes aga9/ _! int]e/4 ,& x mu/ p>ticul>ly be rememb]$1 t education1 & prejudice1 & au?ority1 7 aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 9 ! age ,i am speak+ (4 ,s t ! imm$iate conv]sion ( su* numb]s is a real presumption ( some:at m ?an human 9 ?is matt]4#bfj ,i say presumption1 = x is n alleg$ z a pro( alone & by itself4 ,nor ne$ any "o ( ! ?+s m5tion$ 9 ?is *apt] be consid]$ z a pro( by itself3 & yet all ( !m toge!r may be "o ( ! /ronge/4#bfa ,^u ! :ole3 z !re is l>ge hi/orical evid5ce1 bo? direct & circum/antial1 ( miracles wr\ght 9 atte/ation ( ,*ri/ianity1 collect$ by ^? :o h writ ^u ! subject2 x lies ^u unbeliev]s to %[ :y ?is evid5ce is n to be cr$it$4 ,?is way ( speak+ is1 ,i ?9k1 j2 & :at p]sons :o write 9 def5ce ( religion naturally fall into4 ,yet1 9 a matt] ( su* unspeakable importance1 ! prop] "q is1 n :om x lies ^u1 accord+ to ! rules ( argum5t1 to ma9ta9 or confute objections3 b :e!r !re really are any1 aga9/ ?is evid5ce1 suffici5t1 9 reason1 to de/roy ! cr$it ( x4 ,h[ev]1 unbeliev]s seem to take ^u !m ! "p ( %[+ t !re are4 ,!y allege1 t numb]less en?usia/ic p1 9 diff]5t ages & c\ntries1 expose !mselves to ! same difficulties :i* ! primitive ,*ri/ians did2 & are ready to give up _! lives = ! mo/ idle follies imag9able4 ,x is n v cle>1 to :at purpose ?is objection is br\ght4 ,= surely1 e "o1 9 e case1 mu/ di/+ui% betwe5 op9ions & facts4 ,& ?\gh te/imony is no pro( ( en?usia/ic op9ions1 or ( any op9ion at all2 yet x is all[$1 9 all o!r cases1 to be a pro( ( facts4 ,a p]son's lay+ d[n 8 life 9 atte/ation ( facts or ( op9ions1 is ! /ronge/ pro( ( 8 believ+ !m4 ,& if ! apo/les & _! contempor>ies did believe ! facts1 9 atte/ation ( :i* !y expos$ !mselves to suff]+s & dea?2 ?is _! belief1 or r k1 mu/ be a pro( ( ^? facts3 = !y 7 su* z came "u ! obs]vation ( _! s5ses4 ,& ?\gh x is n ( equal weight1 yet x is ( weight1 t ! m>tyrs ( ! next age1 not)/&+ !y 7 n eye-witnesses ( ^? facts1 z 7 ! apo/les & _! contempor>ies1 _h1 h[ev]1 full opportunity to in=m !mselves :e!r !y 7 true or n1 & gave equal pro( ( _! believ+ !m to be true4 ,b en?usiasm1 x is said1 greatly weak5s ! evid5ce ( te/imony ev5 = facts1 9 matt]s relat+ to religion3 "s seem to ?9k x totally & absolutely de/roys ! evid5ce ( te/imony ^u ?is subject4 ,! p[]s ( en?usiasm1 & ( diseases too1 :i* op]ate 9 a l mann]1 are inde$ v wond]ful1 9 p>ticul> in/ances4 ,b if great numb]s ( m51 n appe>+ 9 any peculi> degree weak1 nor "u any peculi> suspicion ( neglig5ce1 affirm t !y saw & he>d su* ?+s pla9ly1 ) _! eyes & _! e>s1 & are admitt$ to be 9 e>ne/2 su* te/imony is evid5ce ( ! /ronge/ k9d we c h1 = any matt] ( fact4 ,possibly x may be ov]come1 /rong z x is1 by incr$ibility 9 ! ?+s ?us atte/$1 or by contr>y te/imony4 ,& 9 an in/ance :]e "o ?\ght x 0 s ov]come1 x might be j to consid]1 h[ f> su* evid5ce c\ld be acc\nt$ = by en?usiasm2 = x seems z if no o!r imag9able acc\nt 7 to be giv5 ( x4 ,b till su* incr$ibility be %[n1 or contr>y te/imony produc$1 x _c surely be expect$1 t s f>-fet*$1 s indirect & wond]ful an acc\nt ( su* te/imony1 z t ( en?usiasm mu/ be2 an acc\nt s /range1 t ! g5]ality ( mank9d c sc>ce be made to und]/& :at is meant by x2 x _c1 ,i say1 be expect$ t su* an acc\nt w be admitt$ ( su* evid5ce2 :5 !re is ?is direct1 easy1 & obvi\s acc\nt ( x1 t p really saw & he>d a ?+ n incr$ible1 :i* !y affirm1 s9c]ely & ) full assurance1 !y did see & he>4 ,grant+ !n t en?usiasm is n 7/rictly speak+7 an absurd1 b a possible acc\nt ( su* te/imony1 x is manife/1 t ! v m5tion ( x goes ^u ! previ\s supposition1 t ! ?+s s atte/$ are incr$ible3 & !re=e ne$ n be consid]$1 till !y are %[n to be s4 ,mu* less ne$ x be consid]$1 aft] ! contr>y has be5 prov$4 ,& ,i ?9k x has be5 prov$1 to full satisfaction1 t !re is no incr$ibility 9 a revelation1 9 g5]al2 or 9 su* a "o z ! ,*ri/ian1 9 p>ticul>4 ,h[ev]1 z religion is suppos$ peculi>ly liable to en?usiasm1 x may j be obs]v$1 t prejudices almo/ )\t numb]1 & )\t "n1 su* z romance1 affection1 humor1 a desire to engage att5tion1 or to surprise1 p>ty _s1 cu/om1 little competitions1 unacc\ntable lik+s & dislik+s2 ^! influ5ce m5 /rongly 9 common matt]s4 ,& z ^! prejudices are (t5 sc>ce "k a or reflect$ ^u by ! p]sons !mselves :o are influ5c$ by !m1 !y are to be consid]$ z influ5ces ( a l k9d to en?usiasm4 ,yet human te/imony1 9 common matt]s1 is naturally & ju/ly believ$1 not)/&+4 ,x is intimat$ fur!r1 9 a m ref9$ way ( obs]vation1 t ?\gh x %\ld be prov$1 t ! apo/les & fir/ ,*ri/ians c\ld n1 9 "s respects1 be deceiv$ !mselves1 & 9 o!r respects1 _c be ?\ght to h int5d$ to impose ^u ! _w1 yet x w n foll[ t _! g5]al te/imony is to be believ$1 ?\gh truly h&$ d[n to u3 because !y might /ill 9 "p1 i4e4 9 o!r respects1 be deceiv$ !mselves1 & 9 "p also design$ly impose ^u o!rs2 :i*1 x is add$1 is a ?+ v cr$ible1 f t mixture ( real en?usiasm1 & real knav]y1 to be met ) 9 ! same *>act]s4#bfb ,i mu/ confess1 ,i ?9k ! matt] ( fact conta9$ 9 ?is obs]vation ^u mank9d is n to be d5i$2 & t some?+ v mu* ak9 to x is (t5 suppos$ 9 ,scripture z a v common case1 & mo/ sev]ely reprov$4 ,b x 7 to h be5 expect$1 t p]sons capable ( apply+ ?is obs]vation z appli$ 9 ! objection1 might also frequ5tly h met ) ! l mix$ "*1 9 in/ances :]e religion 0 q out ( ! case4 ,! ?+ pla9ly is1 t mank9d are naturally endu$ ) reason1 or a capacity ( di/+ui%+ betwe5 tru? & falsehood2 & z naturally !y are endu$ ) v]acity1 or a reg>d to tru? 9 :at !y say3 b f _m occasions !y are liable to be prejudic$ & biass$ & deceiv$ !mselves1 & capable ( int5d+ to deceive o!rs1 9 e degree3 insomu* t1 z we are all liable to be deceiv$ by prejudice1 s likewise x seems to be n an uncommon ?+1 = p]sons :o1 f _! reg>d to tru?1 w\ld n inv5t a lie entirely )\t any f\ndation at all1 to propagate x ) height5+ circum/ances1 aft] x is once inv5t$ & set a-go+4 ,& o!rs1 ?\gh !y w\ld n propagate a lie1 yet1 :i* is a l[] degree ( falsehood1 w let x pass )\t contradiction4 ,b not)/&+ all ?is1 human te/imony rema9s /ill a natural gr\nd ( ass5t2 & ?is ass5t a natural pr9ciple ( action4 ,x is object$ fur!r1 t h[ev] x has happ5$1 ! fact is1 t mank9d h1 9 diff]5t ages1 be5 /rangely delud$ ) pret5ces to miracles & wond]s4 ,b x is by no means to be admitt$1 t !y h be5 (t5]1 or are at all m liable to be deceiv$ by ^! ?an by o!r pret5ces4 ,x is add$1 t !re is a v consid]able degree ( hi/orical evid5ce = miracles1 :i* are1 on all h&s1 ackn[l$g$ to be fabul\s4 ,b suppose !re 7 ev5 ! l hi/orical evid5ce = ^!1 to :at !re is = ^? alleg$ 9 pro( ( ,*ri/ianity1 :i* yet is 9 no wise all[$1 b suppose ?is2 ! consequ5ce w\ld n be1 t ! evid5ce ( ! latt] is n to be admitt$4 ,nor is !re a man 9 ! _w1 :o 9 common cases1 w\ld conclude ?us4 ,= :at w\ld su* a conclusion really am\nt to b ?is1 t evid5ce1 confut$ by contr>y evid5ce1 or any way ov]balanc$1 de/roys ! cr$ibility ( o!r evid5ce1 nei!r confut$ nor ov]balanc$8 ,to argue t because !re is1 if !re 71 l evid5ce f te/imony1 = miracles ackn[l$g$ false1 z = ^? 9 atte/ation ( ,*ri/ianity1 !re=e ! evid5ce 9 ! latt] case is n to be cr$it$2 ?is is ! same z to argue1 t if two m5 ( equally good reputation _h giv5 evid5ce 9 diff]5t cases no way connect$1 & "o ( !m _h be5 convict$ ( p]jury1 ?is confut$ ! te/imony ( ! o!r6 ,^u ! :ole !n1 ! g5]al obs]vation1 t human creatures are s liable to be deceiv$1 f en?usiasm 9 religion1 & pr9ciples equival5t to en?usiasm 9 common matt]s1 & 9 bo? f neglig5ce2 & t !y are s capable ( di%one/ly endeavor+ to deceive o!rs2 ?is does inde$ weak5 ! evid5ce ( te/imony 9 all cases1 b does n de/roy x 9 any4 ,& ^! ?+s w appe>1 to diff]5t m51 to weak5 ! evid5ce ( te/imony1 9 diff]5t degrees3 9 degrees proportionable to ! obs]vations !y h made1 or ! notions !y h any way tak5 up1 conc]n+ ! weakness & neglig5ce & di%one/y ( mank9d2 or conc]n+ ! p[]s ( en?usiasm1 & prejudices equival5t to x4 ,b x seems to me1 t p d n "k :at !y say1 :o affirm ^! ?+s to de/roy ! evid5ce f te/imony :i* we h1 ( ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,no?+ c de/roy ! evid5ce ( te/imony 9 any case1 b a pro( or probability1 t p]sons are n compet5t judges ( ! facts to :i* !y give te/imony2 or t !y are actually "u "s indirect influ5ce 9 giv+ x1 9 su* p>ticul> case4 ,till ?is be made out1 ! natural laws ( human actions require1 t te/imony be admitt$4 ,x c nev] be suffici5t to ov]?r[ direct hi/orical evid5ce1 indol5tly to say1 t !re are s _m pr9ciples1 f :5ce m5 are liable to be deceiv$ !mselves1 & dispos$ to deceive o!rs1 especially 9 matt]s ( religion1 t "o kn[s n :at to believe4 ,& x is surpris+ p]sons c help reflect+1 t ?is v mann] ( speak+ supposes !y are n satisfi$ t !re is no?+ 9 ! evid5ce1 ( :i* !y speak ?us2 or t !y c avoid obs]v+1 if !y d make ?is reflection1 t x is on su* a subject1 a v mat]ial "o4#bfc ,ov] aga9/ all ^! objections is to be set ! importance ( ,*ri/ianity1 z :at mu/ h engag$ ! att5tion ( its fir/ conv]ts1 s z to h r5d]$ !m less liable to be deceiv$ f c>elessness1 ?an !y w\ld 9 common matt]s2 & likewise ! /rong obligations to v]acity1 :i* _! religion laid !m "u3 s t ! fir/ & mo/ obvi\s presumption is1 t !y c\ld n be deceiv$ !mselves nor deceive o!rs4 ,& ?is presumption1 9 ?is degree1 is peculi> to ! te/imony we h be5 consid]+4 ,9 argum5t1 ass]tions are no?+ 9 !mselves1 & h an air ( positiv5ess :i* sometimes is n v easy3 yet !y are necess>y1 & necess>y to be repeat$2 9 ord] to connect a disc\rse1 & di/9ctly to lay be=e ! view ( ! read]1 :at is propos$ to be prov$1 & :at is left z prov$4 ,n[ ! conclusion f ! =ego+ obs]vations is1 ,i ?9k1 beyond all d\bt1 ?is3 t unbeliev]s mu/ be =c$ to admit ! ext]nal evid5ce = ,*ri/ianity1 i4e4 ! pro( ( miracles wr\ght to atte/ x1 to be ( real weight & v consid]able2 ?\gh !y _c all[ x to be suffici5t1 to conv9ce !m ( ! reality ( ^? miracles4 ,& z !y mu/1 9 all reason1 admit ?is2 s x seems to me1 t ^u consid]ation !y w\ld1 9 fact1 admit x2 ^? ( !m1 ,i mean1 :o "k any ?+ at all ( ! matt]2 9 l mann] z p]sons1 9 _m cases1 own !y see /rong evid5ce f te/imony1 = ! tru? ( ?+s1 :i* yet !y _c be conv9c$ are true3 cases1 suppose1 :]e !re is contr>y te/imony2 or ?+s :i* !y ?9k1 :e!r ) or )\t reason1 to be incr$ible4 ,b !re is no te/imony contr>y to t :i* we h be5 consid]+3 & x has be5 fully prov$1 t !re is no incr$ibility 9 ,*ri/ianity 9 g5]al1 or 9 any "p ( x4 ,,ii4 ,z to ! evid5ce = ,*ri/ianity f prophecy1 ,i %all only make "s few g5]al obs]vations1 :i* are sugge/$ by ! analogy ( nature2 i4e4 by ! ackn[l$g$ natural rules ( judg+ 9 common matt]s1 conc]n+ evid5ce ( a l k9d to ?is f prophecy4 #a4 ,! obscurity or un9telligibl5ess ( "o "p ( a prophecy does n1 9 any degree1 invalidate ! pro( ( =esight1 aris+ f ! appe>+ completion ( ^? o!r p>ts1 :i* are und]/ood4 ,= ! case is evid5tly ! same1 z if ^? p>ts :i* are n und]/ood 7 lo/1 or n writt5 at all1 or writt5 9 an unkn[n tongue4 ,:e!r ?is obs]vation be commonly att5d$ to or n1 x is s evid5t1 t "o c sc>ce br+ oneself to set d[n an in/ance 9 common matt]s1 to exemplify x4 ,h[ev]1 suppose a writ+1 p>tly 9 ciph]1 & p>tly 9 pla9 words at l5g?2 & t 9 ! "p "o und]/ood1 !re appe>$ m5tion ( sev]al kn[n facts2 x w\ld nev] come into any man's ?\ghts to imag9e1 t if he und]/ood ! :ole1 p]haps he might f9d1 t ^? facts 7 n 9 reality kn[n by ! writ]4 ,inde$1 bo? 9 ?is example & 9 ! ?+ int5d$ to be exemplifi$ by x1 our n und]/&+ ! :ole 7! :ole1 suppose1 ( a s5t5ce or a p>agraph7 might sometimes occasion a d\bt1 :e!r "o und]/ood ! lit]al mean+ ( su* a "p3 b ?is comes "u ano!r consid]ation4 ,= ! same reason1 ?\gh a man %\ld be incapable1 = want ( le>n+1 or opportunities ( inquiry1 or f n hav+ turn$ 8 /udies ?is way1 ev5 s mu* z to judge :e!r p>ticul> prophecies h be5 ?r\gh\t completely fulfill$2 yet he may see1 9 g5]al1 t !y h be5 fulfill$ to su* a degree1 z1 ^u v good gr\nd1 to be conv9c$ ( =esight m ?an human 9 su* prophecies1 & ( su* ev5ts be+ int5d$ by !m4 ,= ! same reason also1 ?\gh1 by means ( ! defici5cies 9 civil hi/ory1 & ! diff]5t acc\nts ( hi/orians1 ! mo/ le>n$ %\ld n be able to make out to satisfaction1 t su* p>ts ( ! prophetic hi/ory h be5 m9utely & ?r\gh\t fulfill$2 yet a v /rong pro( ( =esight may arise1 f t g5]al completion ( !m1 :i* is made out4 ,z mu* p]haps1 z ! giv] ( prophecy int5d$ %\ld ev] be af=d$ by su* p>ts ( prophecy4 #b4 ,a long s]ies ( prophecy be+ applicable to su* & su* ev5ts1 is itself a pro( t x 0 int5d$ ( !m3 z ! rules by :i* we naturally judge & det]m9e1 9 common cases p>allel to ?is1 w %[4#bfd ,?is obs]vation ,i make 9 answ] to ! common objection aga9/ ! application ( ! prophecies1 t1 consid]+ ea* ( !m di/9ctly by itself1 x does n at all appe>1 t !y 7 int5d$ ( ^? p>ticul> ev5ts to :i* !y are appli$ by ,*ri/ians2 & !re=e x is to be suppos$1 t if !y meant any ?+1 !y 7 int5d$ ( o!r ev5ts unkn[n to u1 & n ( ^! at all4 ,n[ !re are two k9ds ( writ+1 :i* be> a great resemblance to prophecy1 ) respect to ! matt] be=e u3 ! my?ological1 & ! satirical1 :]e ! satire is to a c]ta9 degree conceal$4 ,& a man might be assur$1 t he und]/ood :at an au?or int5d$ by a fable or p>able relat$ )\t any application or moral1 m]ely f see+ x to be easily capable ( su* application1 & t su* a moral might naturally be d$uc$ f x4 ,& he might be fully assur$1 t su* p]sons & ev5ts 7 int5d$ 9 a satirical writ+1 m]ely f its be+ applicable to !m4 ,&1 agreeable to ! la/ obs]vation1 he might be 9 a good measure satisfi$ ( x1 ?\gh he 7 n en\gh in=m$ 9 affairs1 or 9 ! /ory ( su* p]sons to und]/& half ! satire4 ,=1 8 satisfaction t he und]/ood ! mean+1 ! int5d$ mean+1 ( ^! writ+s1 w\ld be great] or less 9 proportion z he saw ! g5]al turn ( !m to be capable ( su* application2 & 9 proportion to ! numb] ( p>ticul> ?+s capable ( x4 ,& ?us1 if a long s]ies ( prophecy is applicable to ! pres5t /ate ( ! *ur*1 & to ! political situations ( ! k+doms ( ! _w1 "s ?\s& ye>s aft] ^! prophecies 7 deliv]$2 & a long s]ies ( prophecy deliv]$ be=e ! com+ ( ,*ri/ is applicable to him2 ^! ?+s are 9 !mselves a pro(1 t ! prophetic hi/ory 0 int5d$ ( him1 & ( ^? ev5ts3 9 proportion z ! g5]al turn ( x is capable ( su* application1 & to ! numb] & v>iety ( p>ticul> prophecies capable ( x4 ,& ?\gh1 9 all j way ( consid]ation1 ! obvi\s completion ( prophecies is to be all[$ to be ?us explanatory (1 & to det]m9e1 _! mean+2 yet x is to be rememb]$ fur!r1 t ! anci5t ,jews appli$ ! prophecies to a ,messiah be=e 8 com+1#bfe 9 mu* ! same mann] z ,*ri/ians d n[3 & t ! primitive ,*ri/ians int]pret$ ! prophecies respect+ ! /ate ( ! *ur* & ( ! _w 9 ! la/ ages1 9 ! s5se :i* ! ev5t seems to confirm & v]ify4 ,f ^! ?+s x may be made appe>3 #c4 ,t ! %[+ ev5 to a high probability1 if t c\ld be1 t ! prophets ?\ght ( "s o!r ev5ts1 9 su* & su* pr$ictions1 & n ^? :i* ,*ri/ians allege to be completions ( ^? pr$ictions2 or t su* & su* prophecies are capable ( be+ appli$ to o!r ev5ts ?an ^?1 to :i* ,*ri/ians apply !m--t ?is w\ld n confute or de/roy ! =ce ( ! argum5t f prophecy1 ev5 ) reg>d to ^? v in/ances4 ,=1 obs]ve h[ ?is matt] really is4 ,if "o knew su* a p]son to be ! sole au?or ( su* a book1 & 0 c]ta9ly assur$1 or satisfi$ to any degree1 t "o knew ! :ole ( :at he int5d$ 9 x2 "o %\ld be assur$ or satisfi$ to su* degree1 t "o knew ! :ole mean+ ( t book3 = ! mean+ ( a book is no?+ b ! mean+ ( ! au?or4 ,b if "o knew a p]son to h compil$ a book out ( memoirs1 :i* he receiv$ f ano!r1 ( va/ly sup]ior k 9 ! subject ( x1 especially if x 7 a book full ( great intricacies & difficulties2 x w\ld 9 no wise foll[1 t "o knew ! :ole mean+ ( ! book1 f kn[+ ! :ole mean+ ( ! compil]3 = ! orig9al au?or ( !m1 might h1 & !re w\ld be no presumption1 9 _m cases1 aga9/ suppos+ him to h1 "s fur!r mean+ ?an ! compil] saw4 ,to say !n t ! ,scriptures1 & ! ?+s conta9$ 9 !m1 c h no o!r or fur!r mean+ ?an ^? p]sons _h1 :o fir/ recit$ or wrote !m1 is evid5tly say+1 t ^? p]sons 7 ! orig9al1 prop]1 & sole au?ors ( ^? books1 i4e4 t !y are n inspir$3 :i* is absurd1 :ile ! au?ority ( ^! books is "u exam9ation2 i4e4 till y h det]m9$ !y are ( no div9e au?ority at all4 ,till ?is be det]m9$1 x mu/ 9 all reason be suppos$1 n inde$ t !y h1 7= ?is is tak+ = grant$ t !y are inspir$27 b t !y may h1 "s fur!r mean+ ?an :at ! compil]s saw or und]/ood4 ,&1 ^u ?is supposition1 x is supposable also1 t ?is fur!r mean+ may be fulfill$4 ,ev5ts correspond+ to prophecies1 int]pret$ 9 a diff]5t mean+ f t1 9 :i* ! prophets are suppos$ to h und]/ood !m2 af=ds 9 a mann]1 ! same pro(1 t ?is diff]5t s5se 0 orig9ally int5d$1 z x w\ld h af=d$1 if ! prophets _h n und]/ood _! pr$ictions 9 ! s5se x is suppos$ !y did3 because !re is no presumption ( _! s5se ( !m be+ ! :ole s5se ( !m4 ,& x has be5 already %[n1 t ! app>5t completions ( prophecy mu/ be all[$ to be explanatory ( its mean+4 ,s t ! "q is1 :e!r a s]ies ( prophecy has be5 fulfill$1 9 a natural or prop]1 i4e4 9 any real s5se ( ! words ( x4 ,= su* completion is equally a pro( ( =esight m ?an human1 :e!r ! prophets are1 or are n1 suppos$ to h und]/ood x 9 a diff]5t s5se4 ,i say1 suppos$3 =1 ?\gh ,i ?9k x cle>1 t ! prophets did n und]/& ! full mean+ ( _! pr$ictions1 x is ano!r "q1 h[ f> !y ?\ght !y did2 & 9 :at s5se !y und]/ood !m4 ,h5ce may be se51 to h[ little purpose ^? p]sons busy !mselves1 :o endeavor to prove1 t ! prophetic hi/ory is applicable to ev5ts ( ! age 9 :i* x 0 writt51 or ( ages be=e x4 ,to h prov$ ?is1 be=e !re 0 any appe>ance ( a fur!r completion ( x1 might h answ]$ "s purpose2 = x might h prev5t$ ! expectation ( any su* fur!r completion4 ,?us c\ld ,porphyry h %[n1 t "s pr9cipal p>ts ( ! book ( ,daniel1 = in/ance ! sev5? v]se ( ! sev5? *apt]1 :i* ! ,*ri/ians int]pret$ ( ! latt] ages1 0 applicable to ev5ts1 :i* happ5$ be=e or ab\t ! age ( ,antio*us ,epiphanes2 ?is might h prev5t$ !m f expect+ any fur!r completion ( x4 ,&1 unless !re 0 !n1 z ,i ?9k !re mu/ h be51 ext]nal evid5ce conc]n+ t book1 m ?an is come d[n to u2 su* a discov]y might h be5 a /umbl+-block 9 ! way ( ,*ri/ianity itself3 consid]+ ! au?ority :i* our ,savior has giv5 to ! book ( ,daniel1 & h[ mu* ! g5]al s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity presupposes ! tru? ( x4 ,b ev5 ?is discov]y1 _h !re be5 any su*1#bff w\ld be ( v little weight ) reasonable m5 n[2 if ?is passage1 ?us applicable to ev5ts be=e ! age ( ,porphyry1 appe>s to be applicable also to ev5ts1 :i* succe$$ ! dissolution ( ! ,roman empire4 ,i m5tion ?is1 n at all z int5d+ to ins9uate1 t ! division ( ?is empire into t5 p>ts1 = x pla9ly 0 divid$ into ab\t t numb]1 71 alone & by itself1 ( any mom5t 9 v]ify+ ! prophetic hi/ory3 b only z an example ( ! ?+ ,i am speak+ (4 ,?us ^u ! :ole1 ! matt] ( inquiry evid5tly mu/ be1 z above put1 ,:e!r ! prophecies are applicable to ,*ri/1 & to ! pres5t /ate ( ! _w1 & ( ! *ur*2 applicable 9 su* a degree1 z to imply =esight3 n :e!r !y are capable ( any o!r application4 ,?\gh ,i "k no pret5ce = say+ ! g5]al turn ( !m is capable ( any o!r4 ,^! obs]vations are1 ,i ?9k1 j1 & ! evid5ce ref]r$ to 9 !m real3 ?\gh !re may be p :o w n accept ( su* imp]fect in=mation f ,scripture4 ,"s too h n integrity & reg>d en\gh to tru?1 to att5d to evid5ce1 :i* keeps ! m9d 9 d\bt1 p]haps p]plexity1 & :i* is mu* ( a diff]5t sort f :at !y expect$4 ,x pla9ly requires a degree ( mode/y & fairness1 beyond :at e "o has1 = a man to say1 n to ! _w b to himself1 t !re is a real appe>ance ( great weight 9 ?is matt]1 ?\gh he is n able ?or\ghly to satisfy himself ab\t x2 b t x %all h its influ5ce ^u him1 9 proportion to its app>5t reality & weight4 ,x is mu* m easy1 & m falls 9 ) ! neglig5ce1 presumption1 & wilfulness ( ! g5]ality1 to det]m9e at once1 ) a decisive air1 ,!re is no?+ 9 x4 ,! prejudices aris+ f t absolute contempt & scorn1 ) :i* ?is evid5ce is treat$ 9 ! _w1 ,i d n m5tion4 ,= :at c be said to p]sons1 :o are weak en\gh 9 _! und]/&+s to ?9k ?is any presumption aga9/ x2 or1 if !y d n1 are yet weak en\gh 9 _! temp] to be influ5c$ by su* prejudices1 ^u su* a subject8 ,secondly1 ,i %all endeavor to give "s acc\nt ( ! g5]al argum5t = ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity1 consi/+ bo? ( ! direct & circum/antial evid5ce consid]$ z mak+ up "o argum5t4 ,to /ate & exam9e ?is argum5t fully1 w\ld be a "w mu* beyond ! compass ( ?is :ole treatise2 nor is s mu* z a prop] abridgm5t ( x to be expect$ "h4 ,yet ! pres5t subject requires to h "s brief acc\nt ( x giv54 ,= x is ! k9d ( evid5ce1 ^u :i* mo/ que/ions ( difficulty1 9 common practice1 are det]m9$3 evid5ce aris+ f v>i\s co9cid5ces1 :i* support & confirm ea* o!r1 & 9 ?is mann] prove1 ) m or less c]ta9ty1 ! po9t "u consid]ation4 ,i *oose to d x also3 ,fir/1 because x seems to be ( ! greate/ importance1 & n duly att5d$ to by e "o1 t ! pro( ( revelation is n "s direct & express ?+s only1 b a great v>iety ( circum/antial ?+s also2 & t ?\gh ea* ( ^! direct & circum/antial ?+s is inde$ to be consid]$ sep>ately1 yet !y are aft]w>ds to be jo9$ toge!r2 = t ! prop] =ce ( ! evid5ce consi/s 9 ! result ( ^? sev]al ?+s1 consid]$ 9 _! respects to ea* o!r1 & unit$ into "o view4 ,9 ! next place1 because x seems to me1 t ! matt]s ( fact "h set d[n1 :i* are ackn[l$g$ by unbeliev]s1 mu/ be ackn[l$g$ by !m also to conta9 toge!r a degree ( evid5ce ( great weight1 if !y c\ld be br\ght to lay ^! sev]al ?+s be=e !mselves di/9ctly1 & !n ) att5tion consid] !m toge!r2 in/ead ( t cursory ?\ght ( !m1 to :i* we are famili>iz$4 ,= be+ famili>iz$ to ! cursory ?\ght ( ?+s z really h9d]s ! weight ( !m f be+ se51 z f hav+ its due influ5ce ^u practice4 ,! ?+ ass]t$1 & ! tru? ( :i* is to be inquir$ into1 is ?is3 ,t ov] & above our reason & affections1 :i* ,god has giv5 u = ! in=mation ( our judgm5t & ! conduct ( our lives1 he has also1 by ext]nal revelation1 giv5 u an acc\nt ( himself & 8 moral gov]nm5t ov] ! _w1 imply+ a future /ate ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts2 i4e4 ha? reveal$ ! sy/em ( natural religion3 7= natural religion may be ext]nally#bfg reveal$ by ,god1 z ! ignorant may be taught x by _! fell[-creatures7--t ,god1 ,i say1 has giv5 u ! evid5ce ( revelation1 z well z ! evid5ce ( reason1 to asc]ta9 ?is moral sy/em2 toge!r ) an acc\nt ( a p>ticul> disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 :i* reason c\ld no way h discov]$1 & a p>ticul> in/itution ( religion f\nd$ on x1 = ! recov]y ( mank9d out ( _! pres5t wret*$ condition1 & rais+ !m to ! p]fection & f9al happ9ess ( _! nature4 ,?is revelation1 :e!r real or suppos$1 may be consid]$ z :olly hi/orical4 ,= prophecy is no?+ b ! hi/ory ( ev5ts be=e !y come to pass2 doctr9es also are matt]s ( fact2 & precepts come "u ! same notion4 ,! g5]al design ( ,scripture1 :i* conta9s 9 x ?is revelation1 ?us consid]$ z hi/orical1 may be said to be1 to give u an acc\nt ( ! _w 9 ?is "o s+le view1 z ,god's _w3 by :i* x appe>s ess5tially di/+ui%$ f all o!r books1 s f> z ,i h f\nd1 except su* z are copi$ f x4 ,x beg9s ) an acc\nt ( ,god's creation ( ! _w1 9 ord] to asc]ta91 & di/+ui% f all o!rs1 :o is ! object ( our wor%ip1 by :at he has done3 9 ord] to asc]ta91 :o he is1 conc]n+ ^: provid5ce1 comm&s1 promises1 & ?reat5+s1 ?is sacr$ book1 all along1 treats2 viz4 ! ,mak] & ,proprietor ( ! _w1 he ^: creatures we are1 ! ,god ( nature3 9 ord] likewise to di/+ui% him f ! idols ( ! nations1 :i* are ei!r imag9>y be+s1 i4e4 no be+s at all2 or else "p ( t creation1 ! hi/orical relation ( :i* is "h giv54 ,& ,john1 n improbably ) an eye to ?is ,mosaic acc\nt ( ! creation1 beg9s 8 ,gospel ) an acc\nt ( our ,savior's pre-exi/5ce1 & t all ?+s 7 made by him2 & )\t him1 0 n any ?+ made t 0 made3#bfh agreeably to ! doctr9e ( ,paul1 t ,god creat$ all ?+s by ,jesus ,*ri/4#bfi ,?is be+ premis$1 ! ,scripture1 tak5 toge!r1 seems to pr(ess to conta9 a k9d ( an abridgm5t ( ! hi/ory ( ! _w1 9 ! view j n[ m5tion$3 t is1 a g5]al acc\nt ( ! condition ( religion & its pr(essors1 dur+ ! cont9uance ( t apo/asy f ,god1 & /ate ( wick$ness1 :i* x ev]y:]e supposes ! _w to lie 94 ,& ?is acc\nt ( ! /ate ( religion c>ries ) x "s brief acc\nt ( ! political /ate ( ?+s1 z religion is affect$ by x4 ,revelation inde$ consid]s ! common affairs ( ?is _w1 & :at is go+ on 9 x1 z a m]e sc5e ( di/raction2 & _c be suppos$ to conc]n itself ) =etell+ at :at "t ,rome1 or ,babylon1 or ,greece1 or any p>ticul> place1 %\ld be ! mo/ conspicu\s seat ( t tyranny & dissolut5ess1 :i* all places equally aspire to be2 _c1 ,i say1 be suppos$ to give any acc\nt ( ?is wild sc5e = its own sake4 ,b x seems to conta9 "s v g5]al acc\nt ( ! *ief gov]nm5ts ( ! _w1 z ! g5]al /ate ( religion has be51 is1 or %all be1 affect$ by !m1 f ! fir/ transgression1 & dur+ ! :ole int]val ( ! _w's cont9u+ 9 its pres5t /ate1 to a c]ta9 future p]iod1 spok5 ( bo? 9 ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t1 v di/9ctly1 & 9 great v>iety ( expression3 ,! times ( ! re/itution ( all ?+s3#bgj :5 ! my/]y ( ,god %all be f9i%$1 z he ha? decl>$ to 8 s]vants ! prophets3#bga :5 ! ,god ( heav5 %all set up a k+dom1 :i* %all nev] be de/roy$3 & ! k+dom %all n be left to o!r p1#bgb z x is repres5t$ to be dur+ ?is apo/asy1 b judgm5t %all be giv5 to ! sa9ts1#bgc & !y %all reign3#bgd & ! k+dom & dom9ion1 & ! greatness ( ! k+dom "u ! :ole heav51 %all be giv5 to ! p ( ! sa9ts ( ! ,mo/ ,high4#bge ,^u ?is g5]al view ( ! ,scripture1 ,i w\ld rem>k1 h[ great a l5g? ( "t ! :ole relation takes up1 ne> six ?\s& ye>s ( :i* are pa/2 & h[ great a v>iety ( ?+s x treats (2 ! natural & moral sy/em or hi/ory ( ! _w1 includ+ ! "t :5 x 0 =m$1 all conta9$ 9 ! v fir/ book1 & evid5tly writt5 9 a rude & unle>n$ age2 & 9 subsequ5t books1 ! v>i\s common & prophetic hi/ory1 & ! p>ticul> disp5sation ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,n[ all ?is toge!r gives ! l>ge/ scope = criticism2 & = ! confutation ( :at is capable ( be+ confut$1 ei!r f reason1 or f common hi/ory1 or f any inconsi/5ce 9 its sev]al p>ts4 ,& x des]ves1 ,i ?9k1 to be m5tion$1 t :]eas "s imag9e ! suppos$ d\btfulness ( ! evid5ce = revelation implies a positive argum5t t x is n true2 x appe>s1 on ! contr>y1 to imply a positive argum5t t x is true4 ,=1 c\ld any common relation ( su* antiquity1 ext5t1 & v>iety 7= 9 ^! ?+s ! /ress ( :at ,i am n[ obs]v+ lies7 be propos$ to ! exam9ation ( ! _w3 t x c\ld n1 9 an age ( k & lib]ty1 be confut$1 or %[n to h no?+ 9 x1 to ! satisfaction ( reasonable m52 w\ld be ?\ght a /rong presumptive pro( ( its tru?4 ,inde$ x mu/ be a pro( ( x1 j 9 proportion to ! probability1 t if x 7 false1 x might be %[n to be s3 :i*1 ,i ?9k1 is sc>ce pret5d$ to be %[n1 b ^u pr9ciples & 9 ways ( argu+1 :i* h be5 cle>ly obviat$4#bgf ,nor does x at all appe>1 t any set ( m51 :o believe natural religion1 are ( ! op9ion1 t ,*ri/ianity has be5 ?us confut$4 ,b to proce$3 ,toge!r ) ! moral sy/em ( ! _w1 ! ,old ,te/am5t conta9s a *ronological acc\nt ( ! beg9n+ ( x1 & f !nce1 an unbrok5 g5ealogy ( mank9d = _m ages be=e common hi/ory beg9s2 & c>ri$ on z mu* f>!r z to make up a cont9u$ ?read ( hi/ory1 ( ! l5g? ( betwe5 ?ree & f\r ?\s& ye>s4 ,x conta9s an acc\nt ( ,god's mak+ a cov5ant ) a p>ticul> nation1 t !y %\ld be 8 p1 & he w\ld be _! ,god1 9 a peculi> s5se2 ( 8 (t5 int]pos+ miracul\sly 9 _! affairs2 giv+ !m ! promise1 & long aft]1 ! possession1 ( a p>ticul> c\ntry2 assur+ !m ( ! greate/ national prosp]ity 9 x1 if !y w\ld wor%ip him1 9 opposition to ! idols :i* ! re/ ( ! _w wor%ipp$1 & obey 8 comm&s2 & ?reat5+ !m ) unexampl$ puni%m5ts if !y disobey$ him1 & fell into ! g5]al idolatry3 insomu* t ?is "o nation %\ld cont9ue to be ! obs]vation & ! wond] ( all ! _w4 ,x decl>es p>ticul>ly1 t ,god w\ld scatt] !m among all p1 f "o end ( ! e>? unto ! o!r2 b t :5 !y %\ld return unto ! ,"l _! ,god1 he w\ld h compassion ^u !m1 & ga!r !m f all ! nations1 :i!r he _h scatt]$ !m3 t ,israel %\ld be sav$ 9 ! ,"l1 ) an ev]la/+ salvation2 & n be a%am$ or conf\nd$ _w )\t end4#bgg ,& z "s ( ^! promises are conditional1 o!rs are z absolute z any ?+ c be express$3 t ! "t %\ld come1 :5 ! p %\ld be all righte\s1 & inh]it ! l& =ev]3 t ?\gh ,god w\ld make a full end ( all nations :i!r he _h scatt]$ !m1 yet w\ld he n make a full end ( !m3 t he w\ld br+ aga9 ! captivity ( 8 p ,israel1 & plant !m ^u _! l&1 & !y %\ld be no m pull$ up out ( _! l&3 t ! se$ ( ,israel %\ld n cease f be+ a nation =ev]4#bgh ,x =etells1 t ,god w\ld raise !m up a p>ticul> p]son1 9 :om all 8 promises %\ld f9ally be fulfill$2 ! ,messiah1 :o %\ld be1 9 a high & em95t s5se1 _! ano9t$ ,pr9ce & ,savior4 ,?is 0 =etold 9 su* a mann]1 z rais$ a g5]al expectation ( su* a p]son 9 ! nation1 z appe>s f ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & is an ackn[l$g$ fact2 an expectation ( 8 com+ at su* a p>ticul> "t1 be=e any "o appe>$ claim+ to be t p]son1 & :5 !re 0 no gr\nd = su* an expectation1 b f ! prophecies3 :i* expectation1 !re=e1 mu/ 9 all reason be presum$ to be explanatory ( ^? prophecies1 if !re 7 any d\bt ab\t _! mean+4 ,x seems moreov] to =etell1 t ?is p]son %\ld be reject$ by ! nation to :om he _h be5 s long promis$1 ?\gh he 0 s mu* desir$ by !m4#bgi ,& x expressly =etells1 t he %\ld be ! ,savior ( ! ,g5tiles2 & t ! completion ( ! s*eme conta9$ 9 ?is book1 & !n begun1 & 9 its progress1 %\ld be some?+ s great1 t 9 comp>ison ) x1 ! re/oration ( ! ,jews alone w\ld be b ( small acc\nt4 ,x is a light ?+ t ?\ %\lde/ be my s]vant to raise up ! tribes ( ,jacob1 & to re/ore ! pres]v$ ( ,israel3 ,i w also give !e = a light to ! ,g5tiles1 t ?\ maye/ be = salvation unto ! end ( ! e>?4 ,&1 ,9 ! la/ days1 ! m\nta9 ( ! ,"l's h\se %all be e/abli%$ 9 ! top ( ! m\nta9s1 & %all be exalt$ above ! hills2 & all nations %all fl[ into x--= out ( ,zion %all g =? ! law1 & ! ^w ( ! ,"l f ,j]usalem4 ,& he %all judge among ! nations--& ! ,"l alone %all be exalt$ 9 t day1 & ! idols he %all utt]ly aboli%4#bhj ,! ,scripture fur!r conta9s an acc\nt1 t at ! "t ! ,messiah 0 expect$1 a p]son rose up 9 ?is nation1 claim+ to be t ,messiah1 to be ! p]son to :om all ! prophecies ref]r$1 & 9 :om !y %\ld c5t]3 t he sp5t "s ye>s 9 a cont9u$ c\rse ( miracul\s works2 & endu$ 8 imm$iate disciples & foll[]s ) a p[] ( do+ ! same1 z a pro( ( ! tru? ( t religion1 :i* he commission$ !m to publi%3 t inve/$ ) ?is au?ority & p[]1 !y made num]\s conv]ts 9 ! remote/ c\ntries1 & settl$ & e/abli%$ 8 religion 9 ! _w2 to ! end ( :i* ! ,scripture pr(esses to give a prophetic acc\nt ( ! /ate ( ?is religion among mank9d4#bha ,let u n[ suppose a p]son utt]ly ignorant ( hi/ory1 to h all ?is relat$ to him out ( ! ,scripture4 ,or suppose su* an "o1 hav+ ! ,scripture put into 8 h&s1 to rem>k ^! ?+s 9 x1 n kn[+ b t ! :ole1 ev5 its civil hi/ory1 z well z ! o!r p>ts ( x1 might be1 f beg9n+ to end1 an entire inv5tion2 & to ask1 ,:at tru? 0 9 x1 & :e!r ! revelation "h relat$ 0 real1 or a fiction8 ,&1 in/ead ( a direct answ]1 suppose him1 all at once1 to be told ! foll[+ confess$ facts2 & !n to unite !m into "o view4 ,let him fir/ be told1 9 h[ great a degree ! pr(ession & e/abli%m5t ( natural religion1 ! belief t !re is "o ,god to be wor%ipp$1 t virtue is 8 law1 & t mank9d %all be rew>d$ & puni%$ h]eaft]1 z !y obey & disobey x "h2 9 h[ v great a degree1 ,i say1 ! pr(ession & e/abli%m5t ( ?is moral sy/em 9 ! _w is ow+ to ! revelation1 :e!r real or suppos$1 conta9$ 9 ?is book3 ! e/abli%m5t ( ?is moral sy/em1 ev5 9 ^? c\ntries :i* d n ackn[l$ge ! prop] au?ority ( ! ,scripture4#bhb ,let him be told also1 :at numb] ( nations d ackn[l$ge its prop] au?ority4 ,let him !n take 9 ! consid]ation1 ( :at importance religion is to mank9d4 ,& ^u ^! ?+s he might1 ,i ?9k1 truly obs]ve1 t ?is suppos$ revelation's obta9+ & be+ receiv$ 9 ! _w1 ) all ! circum/ances & effects ( x1 consid]$ toge!r z "o ev5t1 is ! mo/ conspicu\s & important ev5t 9 ! hi/ory ( mank9d3 t a book ( ?is nature1 & ?us promulg$ & recomm5d$ to our consid]ation1 dem&s1 z if by a voice f heav51 to h its claims mo/ s]i\sly exam9$2 & t1 be=e su* exam9ation1 to treat x ) any k9d ( sc(f+ & ridicule1 is an (f5ce aga9/ natural piety4 ,x is to be rememb]$1 t h[ mu* soev] ! e/abli%m5t ( natural religion 9 ! _w is ow+ to ! ,scripture revelation1 ?is does n de/roy ! pro( ( religion f reason1 any m ?an ! pro( ( ,euclid's ,elem5ts is de/roy$1 by a man's kn[+ or ?9k+1 t he %\ld nev] h se5 ! tru? ( ! sev]al propositions conta9$ 9 x1 nor _h ^? propositions come into 8 ?\ghts1 b = t ma!matician4 ,let su* a p]son z we are speak+ ( be1 9 ! next place1 in=m$ ( ! ackn[l$g$ antiquity ( ! fir/ p>ts ( ?is book2 & t its *ronology1 its acc\nt ( ! "t :5 ! e>?1 & ! sev]al p>ts ( x1 7 fir/ peopl$ ) human creatures1 is no way contradict$1 b is really confirm$1 by ! natural & civil hi/ory ( ! _w1 collect$ f common hi/orians1 f ! /ate ( ! e>?1 & f ! late inv5tion ( arts & sci5ces4 ,& z ! ,scripture conta9s an unbrok5 ?read ( common & civil hi/ory1 f ! creation to ! captivity1 = betwe5 ?ree & f\r ?\s& ye>s2 let ! p]son we are speak+ ( be told1 9 ! next place1 t ?is g5]al hi/ory1 z x is n contradict$1 b confirm$ by pr(ane hi/ory#bhc z mu* z !re w\ld be reason to expect1 ^u supposition ( its tru?2 s !re is no?+ 9 ! :ole hi/ory itself1 to give any reasonable gr\nd ( suspicion ( its n be+1 9 ! g5]al1 a fai?ful & lit]ally true g5ealogy ( m51 & s]ies ( ?+s4 ,i speak "h only ( ! common ,scripture hi/ory1 or ( ! c\rse ( ord9>y ev5ts relat$ 9 x1 z di/+ui%$ f miracles1 & f ! prophetic hi/ory4 ,9 all ! ,scripture n>rations ( ?is k9d1 foll[+ ev5ts arise out ( =ego+ ones1 z 9 all o!r hi/ories4 ,!re appe>s no?+ relat$ z done 9 any age1 n con=mable to ! mann]s ( t age3 no?+ 9 ! acc\nt ( a succe$+ age1 :i* "o w\ld say c\ld n be true1 or 0 improbable1 f ! acc\nt ( ?+s 9 ! prec$+ "o4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! *>act]s1 :i* w\ld raise a ?\ght ( _! be+ feign$2 b all ! int]nal m>ks imag9able ( _! be+ real4 ,x is to be add$ also1 t m]e g5ealogies1 b>e n>ratives ( ! numb] ( ye>s1 :i* p]sons call$ by su* & su* names liv$1 d n c>ry ! face ( fiction2 p]haps d c>ry "s presumption ( v]acity3 & all unadorn$ n>ratives1 :i* h no?+ to surprise1 may be ?\ght to c>ry some:at ( ! l presumption too4 ,& ! dome/ic & ! political hi/ory is pla9ly cr$ible4 ,!re may be incid5ts 9 ,scripture1 :i*1 tak5 alone 9 ! nak$ way !y are told1 may appe> /range2 especially to p]sons ( o!r mann]s1 temp]1 education3 b !re are also incid5ts ( und\bt$ tru?1 9 _m or mo/ p]sons' lives1 :i*1 9 ! same circum/ances1 w\ld appe> to ! full z /range4#bhd ,!re may be mi/akes ( transcrib]s1 !re may be o!r real or seem+ mi/akes1 n easy to be p>ticul>ly acc\nt$ =3 b !re are c]ta9ly no m ?+s ( ?is k9d 9 ! ,scripture1 ?an :at 7 to h be5 expect$ 9 books ( su* antiquity2 & no?+1 9 any wise1 suffici5t to discr$it ! g5]al n>rative4 ,n[1 t a hi/ory1 claim+ to comm5ce f ! creation1 & ext5d+ 9 "o cont9u$ s]ies1 ?r\gh s great a l5g? ( "t1 & v>iety ( ev5ts1 %\ld h su* appe>ances ( reality & tru? 9 its :ole contexture1 is surely a v rem>kable circum/ance 9 its favor4 ,& z all ?is is applicable to ! common hi/ory ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 s !re is a fur!r cr$ibility1 & a v high "o1 giv5 to x by pr(ane au?ors3 _m ( ^! writ+ ( ! same times1 & confirm+ ! tru? ( cu/oms & ev5ts1 :i* are incid5tally z well z m purposely m5tion$ 9 x4 ,& ?is cr$ibility ( ! common ,scripture-hi/ory1 gives "s cr$ibility to its miracul\s hi/ory3 especially z ?is is int]wov5 ) ! common1 s z t !y imply ea* o!r1 & bo? toge!r make up "o relation4 ,let x !n be m p>ticul>ly obs]v$ to ?is p]son1 t x is an ackn[l$g$ matt] ( fact1 :i* is inde$ impli$ 9 ! =ego+ obs]vation1 t !re 0 su* a nation z ! ,jews1 ( ! greate/ antiquity1 ^: gov]nm5t & g5]al polity 0 f\nd$ on ! law1 "h relat$ to be giv5 !m by ,moses z f heav53 t natural religion1 ) rites additional yet no way contr>y to x1 0 _! e/abli%$ religion1 :i* _c be said ( ! ,g5tile _w3 & t _! v be+ z a nation1 dep5d$ ^u _! ackn[l$gm5t ( "o ,god1 ! ,god ( ! univ]se4 ,=1 suppose 9 _! captivity 9 ,babylon1 !y _h gone ov] to ! religion ( _! conqu]ors1 !re w\ld h rema9$ no bond ( union1 to keep !m a di/9ct p4 ,& :ile !y 7 "u _! own k+s1 9 _! own c\ntry1 a total apo/asy f ,god w\ld h be5 ! dissolution ( _! :ole gov]nm5t4 ,!y 9 su* a s5se nationally ackn[l$g$ & wor%ipp$ ! ,mak] ( heav5 & e>?1 :5 ! re/ ( ! _w 7 sunk 9 idolatry1 z r5d]$ !m1 9 fact1 ! peculi> p ( ,god4 ,?is rem>kable e/abli%m5t & pres]vation ( natural religion among !m1 seems to add peculi> cr$ibility to ! hi/orical evid5ce = ! miracles ( ,moses & ! prophets4 ,because ^! miracles are a full satisfactory acc\nt ( ?is ev5t1 :i* pla9ly ne$s to be acc\nt$ =1 & _c be o!rwise4 ,let ?is p]son1 suppos$ :olly ignorant ( hi/ory1 be acqua9t$ fur!r1 t "o claim+ to be ! ,messiah1 ( ,jewi% extraction1 rose up at ! "t :5 ?is nation1 f ! prophecies above m5tion$1 expect$ ! ,messiah3 t he 0 reject$1 z x seem$ to h be5 =etold he %\ld1 by ! body ( ! p1 "u ! direction ( _! rul]s3 t 9 ! c\rse ( a v few ye>s1 he 0 believ$ on & ackn[l$g$ z ! promis$ ,messiah1 by great numb]s among ! ,g5tiles1 agreeably to ! prophecies ( ,scripture1 yet n ^u ! evid5ce ( prophecy1 b ( miracles1#bhe ( :i* miracles we h also /rong hi/orical evid5ce2 7by :i* ,i mean "h no m ?an mu/ be ackn[l$g$ by unbeliev]s2 = let pi\s frauds & follies be admitt$ to weak51 x is absurd to say !y de/roy our evid5ce ( miracles wr\ght 9 pro( ( ,*ri/ianity37#bhf t ?is religion approv+ itself to ! reason ( mank9d1 & c>ry+ its own evid5ce ) x1 s f> z reason is a judge ( its sy/em1 & be+ no way contr>y to reason 9 ^? p>ts ( x :i* require to be believ$ ^u ! m]e au?ority ( its ,au?or2 t ?is religion1 ,i say1 gradually spread & support$ itself = "s hundr$ ye>s1 n only )\t any assi/ance f temporal p[]1 b "u con/ant disc\ragem5ts1 & (t5 ! bitt]e/ p]secutions f x2 & !n became ! religion ( ! _w3 t 9 ! mean "t ! ,jewi% nation & gov]nm5t 7 de/roy$ 9 a v rem>kable mann]1 & ! p c>ri$ away captive & disp]s$ ?r\gh ! mo/ di/ant c\ntries2 9 :i* /ate ( disp]sion !y h rema9$ fifte5 hundr$ ye>s3 & t !y rema9 a num]\s p1 unit$ among !mselves1 & di/+ui%$ f ! re/ ( ! _w1 z !y 7 9 ! days ( ,moses1 by ! pr(ession ( 8 law2 & ev]y:]e look$ ^u 9 a mann]1 :i* "o sc>ce kn[s h[ di/9ctly to express1 b 9 ! words ( ! prophetic acc\nt ( x1 giv5 s _m ages be=e x came to pass3 ,?\ %alt become an a/oni%m5t1 a prov]b1 & a byword1 among all nations :i!r ! ,"l %all lead !e4#bhg ,! appe>ance ( a /&+ miracle1 9 ! ,jews rema9+ a di/9ct p 9 _! disp]sion1 & ! confirmation :i* ?is ev5t appe>s to give to ! tru? ( revelation1 may be ?\ght to be answ]$1 by _! religion's =bidd+ !m int]m>riages ) ^? ( o!r nations1 & prescrib+ !m _m peculi>ities 9 _! food1 by :i* !y are deb>r$ f incorporat+ ) ! p 9 ^: c\ntries !y live4 ,?is is n1 ,i ?9k1 a satisfactory acc\nt ( t :i* x pret5ds to acc\nt =4 ,b :at does x pret5d to acc\nt =8 ,! correspond5ce betwe5 ?is ev5t & ! prophecies2 or ! co9cid5ce ( bo?1 ) a long disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 ( a peculi> nature1 t[>ds t p8 ,no4 ,x is only ! ev5t itself1 :i* is (f]$ to be ?us acc\nt$ =3 :i* s+le ev5t1 tak5 alone1 ab/ract$ f all su* correspond5ce & co9cid5ce1 p]haps w\ld n h appe>$ miracul\s3 b t correspond5ce & co9cid5ce may be s1 ?\gh ! ev5t itself be suppos$ n4 ,?us ! concurr5ce ( our ,savi\r's be+ born at ,be?lehem1 ) a long =ego+ s]ies ( prophecy & o!r co9cid5ces1 is d\btless miracul\s2 ! s]ies ( prophecy1 & o!r co9cid5ces1 & ! ev5t1 be+ admitt$3 ?\gh ! ev5t itself appe>s to h be5 br\ght ab\t 9 a natural way2 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 no "o c be c]ta94 ,z sev]al ( ^! ev5ts seem1 9 "s degree expressly1 to h v]ifi$ ! prophetic hi/ory already1 s likewise !y may be consid]$ fur!r1 z hav+ a peculi> aspect t[>ds ! full completion ( x2 z af=d+ "s presumption t ! :ole ( x %all1 "o "t or o!r1 be fulfill$4 ,?us1 t ! ,jews h be5 s wond]fully pres]v$ 9 _! long & wide disp]sion2 :i* is inde$ ! direct fulfill+ ( "s prophecies1 b is n[ m5tion$ only z look+ =w>d to some:at yet to come3 t natural religion came =? f ,judea1 & spread1 9 ! degree x has done ov] ! _w1 be=e lo/ 9 idolatry2 :i*1 toge!r ) "s o!r ?+s1 h di/+ui%$ t v place1 9 l mann] z ! p ( x are di/+ui%$3 t ?is great *ange ( religion ov] ! e>? 0 br\ght ab\t "u ! pr(ession & ackn[l$gm5t1 t ,jesus 0 ! promis$ ,messiah3 ?+s ( ?is k9d naturally turn ! ?\ghts ( s]i\s m5 t[>ds ! full completion ( ! prophetic hi/ory1 conc]n+ ! f9al re/oration ( t p2 conc]n+ ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ev]la/+ k+dom among !m1 ! k+dom ( ! ,messiah2 & ! future /ate ( ! _w1 "u ?is sacr$ gov]nm5t4 ,su* circum/ances & ev5ts1 comp>$ ) ^! prophecies1 ?\gh no completions ( !m1 yet w\ld n1 ,i ?9k1 be spok5 ( z no?+ 9 ! argum5t1 by a p]son ^u 8 fir/ be+ in=m$ ( !m4 ,!y fall 9 ) ! prophetic hi/ory ( ?+s /ill future1 give x "s additional cr$ibility1 & h ! appe>ance ( be+ some:at 9 ord] to ! full completion ( x4 ,inde$ x requires a good degree ( k1 & great calmness & consid]ation1 to be able to judge ?or\ghly ( ! evid5ce = ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity1 f t "p ( ! prophetic hi/ory :i* relates to ! situation ( ! k+doms ( ! _w1 & to ! /ate ( ! *ur*1 f ! e/abli%m5t ( ,*ri/ianity to ! pres5t "t4 ,b x appe>s f a g5]al view ( x1 to be v mat]ial4 ,& ^? p]sons :o h ?or\ghly exam9$ x1 & "s ( !m 7 m5 ( ! coole/ temp]s1 greate/ capacities1 & lea/ liable to imputations ( prejudice1 insi/ ^u x z det]m9ately conclusive4 ,,conclusion4 ,suppose n[ a p]son q ignorant ( hi/ory1 fir/ to recollect ! passages above m5tion$ out ( ,scripture1 )\t kn[+ b t ! :ole 0 a late fiction1 !n to be in=m$ ( ! correspond5t facts n[ m5tion$1 & to unite !m all into "o view3 t ! pr(ession & e/abli%m5t ( natural religion 9 ! _w is greatly ow+1 9 diff]5t ways1 to ?is book1 & ! suppos$ revelation :i* x conta9s2 t x is ackn[l$g$ to be ( ! e>lie/ antiquity2 t its *ronology & common hi/ory are entirely cr$ible2 t ?is anci5t nation1 ! ,jews1 ( :om x *iefly treats1 appe> to h be51 9 fact1 ! p ( ,god1 9 a di/+ui%$ s5se2 t1 z !re 0 a national expectation among !m1 rais$ f ! prophecies1 ( a ,messiah to appe> at su* a "t1 s "o at ?is "t appe>$ claim+ to be t ,messiah2 t he 0 reject$ by ?is nation1 b receiv$ by ! ,g5tiles1 n ^u ! evid5ce ( prophecy1 b ( miracles2 t ! religion he taught support$ itself "u ! greate/ difficulties1 ga9$ gr\nd1 & at l5g? became ! religion ( ! _w2 t 9 ! mean "t ! ,jewi% polity 0 utt]ly de/roy$1 & ! nation disp]s$ ov] ! face ( ! e>?2 t not)/&+ ?is1 !y h rema9$ a di/9ct num]\s p = s _m c5turies1 ev5 to ?is day2 :i* n only appe>s to be ! express completion ( sev]al prophecies conc]n+ !m1 b also r5d]s x1 z "o may speak1 a visible & easy possibility t ! promises made to !m z a nation1 may yet be fulfill$4 ,to ^! ackn[l$g$ tru?s1 let ! p]son we h be5 suppos+ add1 z ,i ?9k he ought1 :e!r e "o w all[ x or no1 ! obvi\s appe>ances :i* !re are1 ( ! /ate ( ! _w1 9 o!r respects besides :at relates to ! ,jews1 & ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 hav+ s long answ]$1 & /ill answ]+ to ! prophetic hi/ory4 ,suppose1 ,i say1 ^! facts set ov] aga9/ ! ?+s be=e m5tion$ out ( ! ,scripture1 & s]i\sly comp>$ ) !m2 ! jo9t view ( bo? toge!r mu/1 ,i ?9k1 appe> ( v great weight to a consid]ate reasonable p]son3 ( mu* great] inde$1 ^u hav+ !m fir/ laid be=e him1 ?an is easy = u1 :o are s famili>iz$ to !m1 to conceive1 )\t "s p>ticul> att5tion = t purpose4 ,all ^! ?+s1 & ! sev]al p>ticul>s conta9$ "u !m1 require to be di/9ctly & mo/ ?or\ghly exam9$ into2 t ! weight ( ea* may be judg$ (1 ^u su* exam9ation1 & su* conclusion drawn1 z results f _! unit$ =ce4 ,b ?is has n be5 attempt$ "h4 ,i h gone no fur!r ?an to %[1 t ! g5]al imp]fect view ( !m n[ giv51 ! confess$ hi/orical evid5ce = miracles1 & ! _m obvi\s appe>+ completions ( prophecy1 toge!r ) ! collat]al ?+s#bhh "h m5tion$1 & !re are sev]al o!rs ( ! l sort2 t all ?is toge!r1 :i*1 be+ fact1 mu/ be ackn[l$g$ by unbeliev]s1 am\nts to real evid5ce ( some:at m ?an human 9 ?is matt]3 evid5ce mu* m important1 ?an c>eless m51 :o h be5 accu/om$ only to transi5t & p>tial views ( x1 c imag9e2 & inde$ abundantly suffici5t to act ^u4 ,& ^! ?+s1 ,i appreh5d1 mu/ be ackn[l$g$ by unbeliev]s4 ,= ?\gh !y may say1 t ! hi/orical evid5ce ( miracles wr\ght 9 atte/ation ( ,*ri/ianity1 is n suffici5t to conv9ce !m1 t su* miracles 7 really wr\ght3 !y _c d5y1 t !re is su* hi/orical evid5ce1 x be+ a kn[n matt] ( fact t !re is4 ,!y may say1 ! con=mity betwe5 ! prophecies & ev5ts is by accid5t3 b !re are _m in/ances 9 :i* su* con=mity itself _c be d5i$4 ,!y may say1 ) reg>d to su* k9d ( collat]al ?+s z ^? above m5tion$1 t any odd accid5tal ev5ts1 )\t mean+1 w h a mean+ f\nd 9 !m by fanciful p3 & t su* z are fanciful 9 any "o c]ta9 way1 w make out a ?\s& co9cid5ces1 :i* seem to favor _! peculi> follies4 ,m51 ,i say1 may talk ?us3 b no "o :o is s]i\s1 c possibly ?9k ^! ?+s to be no?+1 if he consid]s ! importance ( collat]al ?+s1 & ev5 ( less] circum/ances1 9 ! evid5ce ( probability1 z di/+ui%$ 9 nature1 f ! evid5ce ( demon/ration4 ,9 _m cases inde$ x seems to require ! true/ judgm5t1 to det]m9e ) exactness ! weight ( circum/antial evid5ce3 b x is v (t5 altoge!r z conv9c+1 z t :i* is ! mo/ express & direct4 ,?is g5]al view ( ! evid5ce = ,*ri/ianity1 consid]$ z mak+ "o argum5t1 may also s]ve to recomm5d to s]i\s p]sons1 to set d[n e ?+ :i* !y ?9k may be ( any real weight at all 9 pro( ( x1 & p>ticul>ly ! _m seem+ completions ( prophecy3 & !y w f9d1 t1 judg+ by ! natural rules1 by :i* we judge ( probable evid5ce 9 common matt]s1 !y am\nt to a mu* high] degree ( pro(1 ^u su* a jo9t review1 ?an c\ld be suppos$ ^u consid]+ !m sep>ately1 at diff]5t times2 h[ /rong soev] ! pro( might be=e appe> to !m1 ^u su* sep>ate views ( x4 ,= probable pro(s1 by be+ add$1 n only increase ! evid5ce1 b multiply x4#bhi ,nor %\ld ,i dissuade any "o f sett+ d[n1 :at he ?\ght made = ! contr>y side4 ,b !n x is to be rememb]$1 n 9 ord] to influ5ce 8 judgm5t1 b 8 practice1 t a mi/ake on "o side may be1 9 its consequ5ces1 mu* m dang]\s1 ?an a mi/ake on ! o!r4 ,& :at c\rse is mo/ safe1 & :at mo/ dang]\s1 w be ?\ght a v mat]ial consid]ation1 :5 we delib]ate1 n conc]n+ ev5ts1 b conc]n+ conduct 9 our temporal affairs4 ,to be influ5c$ by ?is consid]ation 9 our judgm5t1 to believe or disbelieve ^u x1 is inde$ z mu* prejudice1 z any ?+ :atev]4 ,&1 l o!r prejudices1 x op]ates contr>y ways1 9 diff]5t m52 = "s are incl9$ to believe :at !y hope1 & o!rs :at !y fe>4 ,& x is manife/ unreasonabl5ess to apply to m5's passions 9 ord] to ga9 _! ass5t4 ,b 9 delib]ations conc]n+ conduct1 !re is no?+ :i* reason m requires to be tak5 into ! acc\nt1 ?an ! importance ( x4 ,=1 suppose x d\btful1 :at w\ld be ! consequ5ce ( act+ 9 ?is1 or 9 ! contr>y mann]3 /ill1 t tak+ "o side c\ld be att5d$ ) little or no bad consequ5ce1 & tak+ ! o!r might be att5d$ ) ! greate/1 mu/ appe>1 to unprejudic$ reason1 ( ! highe/ mom5t t[>ds det]m9+ h[ we are to act4 ,! tru? ( our religion1 l ! tru? ( common matt]s1 is to be judg$ ( by all ! evid5ce tak5 toge!r4 ,& unless ! :ole s]ies ( ?+s :i* may be alleg$ 9 ?is argum5t1 & e p>ticul> ?+ 9 x1 c reasonably be suppos$ to h be5 by accid5t 7= "h ! /ress ( ! argum5t = ,*ri/ianity lies72 !n is ! tru? ( x prov$3 9 l mann]1 z if 9 any common case1 num]\s ev5ts ackn[l$g$1 7 to be alleg$ 9 pro( ( any o!r ev5t disput$2 ! tru? ( ! disput$ ev5t w\ld be prov$1 n only if any "o ( ! ackn[l$g$ ones did ( itself cle>ly imply x1 b1 ?\gh no "o ( !m s+ly did s1 if ! :ole ( ! ackn[l$g$ ev5ts tak5 toge!r c\ld n 9 reason be suppos$ to h happ5$1 unless ! disput$ "o 7 true4 ,x is obvi\s1 h[ mu* advantage ! nature ( ?is evid5ce gives to ^? p]sons :o attack ,*ri/ianity1 especially 9 conv]sation4 ,= x is easy to %[1 9 a %ort & lively mann]1 t su* & su* ?+s are liable to objection1 t ?is & ano!r ?+ is ( little weight 9 itself2 b impossible to %[1 9 l mann]1 ! unit$ =ce ( ! :ole argum5t 9 "o view4 ,la/ly1 z x has be5 made appe>1 t !re is no presumption aga9/ a revelation z miracul\s2 t ! g5]al s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! pr9cipal p>ts ( x1 are con=mable to ! exp]i5c$ con/itution ( ?+s1 & ! :ole p]fectly cr$ible3 s ! acc\nt n[ giv5 ( ! positive evid5ce = x1 %[s1 t ?is evid5ce is su*1 z1 f ! nature ( x1 _c be de/roy$1 ?\gh x %\ld be less5$4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,objections ,,aga9/ ,,argu+ ,,f ,,! ,,analogy ,,( ,,nature1 ,,to ,,religion4 ,if e "o w\ld consid]1 ) su* att5tion z !y are b\nd1 ev5 9 po9t ( morality1 to consid]1 :at !y judge & give *>act]s (2 ! occasion ( ?is *apt] w\ld be1 9 "s good measure at lea/1 sup]s$$4 ,b s9ce ?is is n to be expect$2 = "s we f9d d n conc]n !mselves to und]/& ev5 :at !y write aga9/3 s9ce ?is treatise1 9 common ) mo/ o!rs1 lies op5 to objections1 :i* may appe> v mat]ial to ?\ghtful m5 at fir/ sight2 &1 besides t1 seems peculi>ly liable to ! objections ( su* z c judge )\t ?9k+1 & ( su* z c c5sure )\t judg+2 x may n be amiss to set d[n ! *ief ( ^! objections :i* occur to me1 & consid] !m to _! h&s4 ,!y are su* z ^!3 8,t x is a poor ?+ to solve difficulties 9 revelation1 by say+1 t !re are ! same 9 natural religion2 :5 :at is want+ is to cle> bo? ( !m ( ^! _! common1 z well z o!r _! respective1 difficulties2 t x is a /range way inde$ ( conv9c+ m5 ( ! obligations ( religion1 to %[ !m1 t !y h z little reason = _! worldly pursuits3 & a /range way ( v9dicat+ ! ju/ice & goodness ( ! ,au?or ( nature1 & ( remov+ ! objections aga9/ bo?1 to :i* ! sy/em ( religion lies op51 to %[1 t ! l objections lie aga9/ natural provid5ce2 a way ( answ]+ objections aga9/ religion1 )\t s mu* z pret5d+ to make out1 t ! sy/em ( x1 or ! p>ticul> ?+s 9 x object$ aga9/1 are reasonable--especially1 p]haps "s may be inatt5tive en\gh to add1 mu/ ?is be ?\ght /range1 :5 x is confess$ t analogy is no answ] to su* objections3 t :5 ?is sort ( reason+ is c>ri$ to ! utmo/ l5g? x c be imag9$ capable (1 x w yet leave ! m9d 9 a v unsatisfi$ /ate2 & t x mu/ be unacc\ntable ignorance ( mank9d1 to imag9e !y w be prevail$ ) to =ego _! pres5t int]e/s & pleasures1 f reg>d to religion1 ^u d\btful evid5ce40 ,n[1 z plausible z ?is way ( talk+ may appe>1 t appe>ance w be f\nd 9 a great measure ow+ to half views1 :i* %[ b "p ( an object1 yet %[ t indi/9ctly1 & to undet]m9ate language4 ,by ^! means weak m5 are (t5 deceiv$ by o!rs1 & ludicr\s m51 by !mselves4 ,& ev5 ^?1 :o are s]i\s & consid]ate1 _c always readily dis5tangle1 & at once cle>ly see ?r\gh ! p]plexities1 9 :i* subjects !mselves are involv$2 & :i* are height5$ by ! defici5cies & ! abuse ( words4 ,to ?is latt] sort ( p]sons1 ! foll[+ reply to ea* "p ( ?is objection sev]ally1 may be ( "s assi/ance2 z x may also t5d a little to /op & sil5ce o!rs4 ,fir/1 ,! ?+ want$1 i4e4 :at m5 require1 is to h all difficulties cle>$4 ,& ?is is1 or at lea/ = any ?+ we "k to ! contr>y1 x may be1 ! same z requir+ to compreh5d ! div9e nature1 & ! :ole plan ( ,provid5ce f ev]la/+ to ev]la/+6 ,b x ha? always be5 all[$ to argue f :at is ackn[l$g$1 to :at is disput$4 ,& x is 9 no o!r s5se a poor ?+1 to argue f natural religion to reveal$1 9 ! mann] f\nd fault )1 ?an x is to argue 9 numb]less o!r ways ( probable d$uction & inf]5ce1 9 matt]s ( conduct1 :i* we are cont9ually r$uc$ to ! necessity ( do+4 ,inde$ ! epi!t poor may be appli$1 ,i fe> z prop]ly1 to great "p or ! :ole ( human life1 z x is to ! ?+s m5tion$ 9 ! objection4 ,is x n a poor ?+1 = a physician to h s little k 9 ! cure ( diseases1 z ev5 ! mo/ em95t h8 ,to act ^u conjecture & guess1 :]e ! life ( man is conc]n$8 ,und\bt$ly x is3 b n 9 comp>ison ( hav+ no skill at all 9 t useful art1 & be+ oblig$ to act :olly 9 ! d>k4 ,fur!r3 s9ce x is z unreasonable1 z x is common1 to urge objections aga9/ revelation1 :i* are ( equal weight aga9/ natural religion2 & ^? :o d ?is1 if !y are n confus$ !mselves1 deal unfairly ) o!rs1 9 mak+ x seem t !y are argu+ only aga9/ revelation1 or p>ticul> doctr9es ( x1 :5 9 reality !y are argu+ aga9/ moral provid5ce2 x is a ?+ ( consequ5ce to %[1 t su* objections are z mu* levell$ aga9/ natural religion1 z aga9/ reveal$4 ,objections1 :i* are equally applicable to bo?1 are prop]ly speak+ answ]$1 by its be+ %[n t !y are s1 provid$ ! =m] be admitt$ to be true4 ,& )\t tak+ 9 ! consid]ation h[ di/9ctly ?is is admitt$1 x is pla9ly v mat]ial to obs]ve1 t z ! ?+s object$ aga9/ 9 natural religion are ( ! same k9d ) :at is c]ta9 matt] ( exp]i5ce 9 ! c\rse ( provid5ce1 & 9 ! in=mation :i* ,god af=ds u conc]n+ our temporal int]e/ "u 8 gov]nm5t2 s ! objections aga9/ ! sy/em ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! evid5ce ( x1 are ( ! v same k9d ) ^? :i* are made aga9/ ! sy/em & evid5ce ( natural religion4 ,h[ev]1 ! read] ^u review may see1 t mo/ ( ! analogies insi/$ ^u1 ev5 9 ! latt] "p ( ?is treatise1 d n necess>ily require to h m tak5 = grant$ ?an is 9 ! =m]2 viz4 t !re is an ,au?or ( nature1 or natural ,gov]nor ( ! _w3 & ,*ri/ianity is v9dicat$1 n f its analogy to natural religion1 b *iefly f its analogy to ! exp]i5c$ con/itution ( nature4 ,secondly1 ,religion is a practical ?+1 & consi/s 9 su* a det]m9ate c\rse ( life1 z :at1 !re is reason to ?9k1 is comm&$ by ! ,au?or ( nature1 & w1 ^u ! :ole1 be our happ9ess "u 8 gov]nm5t4 ,if m5 c be conv9c$1 t !y h ! l reason to believe ?is1 z to believe t tak+ c>e ( _! temporal affairs w be to _! advantage2 su* conviction _c b be an argum5t to !m = ! practice ( religion4 ,& if !re be really any reason = believ+ "o ( ^!1 & endeavor+ to pres]ve life1 & secure ourselves ! necess>ies & conv5i5ces ( x2 !n !re is reason also = believ+ ! o!r1 & endeavor+ to secure ! int]e/ x proposes to u4 ,& if ! int]e/1 :i* religion proposes to u1 be inf9itely great] ?an our :ole temporal int]e/2 !n !re mu/ be proportionably great] reason = endeavor+ to secure "o1 ?an ! o!r2 s9ce1 by ! supposition1 ! probability ( our secur+ "o is equal to ! probability ( our secur+ ! o!r4 ,?is seems pla9ly unansw]able1 & has a t5d5cy to influ5ce fair m9ds1 :o consid] :at our condition really is1 or ^u :at evid5ce we are naturally appo9t$ to act2 & :o are dispos$ to acquiesce 9 ! t]ms ^u :i* we live1 & att5d to & foll[ t practical in/ruction1 :atev] x be1 :i* is af=d$ u4 ,b ! *ief & prop] =ce ( ! argum5t ref]r$ to 9 ! objection1 lies 9 ano!r place4 ,! pro( ( religion1 x is said1 is involv$ 9 su* inextricable difficulties1 z to r5d] x d\btful2 & t x _c be suppos$ t if x 7 true1 x w\ld be left ^u d\btful evid5ce4 ,"h !n1 ov] & above ! =ce ( ea* p>ticul> difficulty or objection1 ^! difficulties & objections tak5 toge!r are turn$ into a positive argum5t aga9/ ! tru? ( religion2 :i* argum5t w\ld /& ?us4 ,if religion 7 true1 x w\ld n be left d\btful1 & op5 to objections to ! degree 9 :i* x is3 !re=e t x is ?us left1 n only r5d]s ! evid5ce ( x weak1 & less5s its =ce1 9 proportion to ! weight ( su* objections1 b also %[s x to be false1 or is a g5]al presumption ( its be+ s4 ,n[ ! obs]vation1 t f ! natural con/itution & c\rse ( ?+s1 we mu/ 9 our temporal conc]ns1 almo/ cont9ually1 & ev5 9 matt]s ( great consequ5ce1 act ^u evid5ce ( a l k9d & degree to ! evid5ce ( religion1 is an answ] to ?is argum5t4 ,because x %[s1 t x is accord+ to ! conduct & "* ( ! ,au?or ( nature to appo9t we %\ld act ^u evid5ce l to t1 :i* ?is argum5t presumes he _c be suppos$ to appo9t we %\ld act ^u3 x is an in/ance1 a g5]al "o1 made up ( num]\s p>ticul> ones1 ( some:at 9 8 deal+ ) u1 simil> to :at is said to be incr$ible4 ,z ! =ce ( ?is answ] lies m]ely 9 ! p>allel1 :i* !re is betwe5 ! evid5ce = religion & = our temporal conduct2 ! answ] is equally j & conclusive1 :e!r ! p>allel be made out1 by %[+ ! evid5ce ( ! =m] to be high]1 or ! evid5ce ( ! latt] to be l[]4 ,?irdly1 ,! design ( ?is treatise is n to v9dicate ! "* ( ,god1 b to %[ ! obligations ( m53 x is n to ju/ify 8 provid5ce1 b to %[ :at belongs to u to d4 ,^! are two subjects1 & ought n to be conf\nd$4 ,?\gh !y may at l5g? run up into ea* o!r1 yet obs]vations may imm$iately t5d to make out ! latt]1 :i* d n appe>1 by any imm$iate connection1 to ! purpose ( ! =m]2 :i* is less our conc]n1 ?an _m seem to ?9k4 ,=1 fir/1 ,x is n necess>y we %\ld ju/ify ! disp5sations ( ,provid5ce aga9/ objections1 any f>!r ?an to %[1 t ! ?+s object$ aga9/ may1 = aught we "k1 be consi/5t ) ju/ice & goodness4 ,suppose !n1 t !re are ?+s 9 ! sy/em ( ?is _w1 & plan ( ,provid5ce relat+ to x1 :i* tak5 alone w\ld be unju/3 yet x has be5 %[n unansw]ably1 t if we c\ld take 9 ! ref]5ce1 :i* ^! ?+s may h to o!r ?+s1 pres5t pa/ & to come2 to ! :ole s*eme1 :i* ! ?+s object$ aga9/ are p>ts (2 ^! v ?+s might1 = aught we "k1 be f\nd to be1 n only consi/5t ) ju/ice1 b in/ances ( x4 ,inde$ x has be5 %[n1 by ! analogy ( :at we see1 n only possible t ?is may be ! case1 b cr$ible t x is4 ,& ?us objections1 drawn f su* ?+s1 are answ]$1 & ,provid5ce is v9dicat$1 z f> z religion makes its v9dication necess>y4 ,h5ce x appe>s1 ,secondly1 t objections aga9/ ! ,div9e ju/ice & goodness are n endeavor$ to be remov$1 by %[+ t ! l objections1 all[$ to be really conclusive1 lie aga9/ natural provid5ce3 b ^? objections be+ suppos$ & %[n n to be conclusive1 ! ?+s object$ aga9/1 consid]$ z matt]s ( fact1 are f>!r %[n to be cr$ible1 f _! con=mity to ! con/itution ( nature2 = in/ance1 t ,god w rew>d & puni% m5 = _! actions h]eaft]1 f ! obs]vation1 t he does rew>d & puni% !m = _! actions "h4 ,& ?is1 ,i appreh5d1 is ( weight4 ,?irdly1 x w\ld be ( weight1 ev5 ?\gh ^? objections 7 n answ]$4 ,=1 !re be+ ! pro( ( religion above set d[n2 & religion imply+ sev]al facts2 = in/ance aga91 ! fact la/ m5tion$1 t ,god w rew>d & puni% m5 = _! actions h]eaft]2 ! obs]vation1 t 8 pres5t me?od ( gov]nm5t is by rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 %[s t future fact n to be incr$ible3 :atev] objections m5 may ?9k !y h aga9/ x1 z unju/ or unm]ciful1 accord+ to _! notions ( ju/ice & m]cy2 or z improbable f _! belief ( necessity4 ,i say1 z improbable3 = x is evid5t no objection aga9/ x1 z unju/1 c be urg$ f necessity2 s9ce ?is notion z mu* de/roys inju/ice1 z x does ju/ice4 ,f\r?ly1 ,?\gh objections aga9/ ! reasonabl5ess ( ! sy/em ( religion _c inde$ be answ]$ )\t ent]+ into consid]ation ( its reasonabl5ess2 yet objections aga9/ ! cr$ibility or tru? ( x may4 ,because ! sy/em ( x is r$ucible into :at is prop]ly matt] ( fact3 & ! tru?1 ! probable tru? ( facts1 may be %[n )\t consid]ation ( _! reasonabl5ess4 ,nor is x necess>y1 ?\gh1 9 "s cases & respects1 x is highly useful & prop]1 yet x is n necess>y1 to give a pro( ( ! reasonabl5ess ( e precept enjo9$ u1 & ( e p>ticul> disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 :i* comes into ! sy/em ( religion4 ,inde$ ! m ?or\ghly a p]son ( a "r disposition is conv9c$ ( ! p]fection ( ! ,div9e nature & conduct1 ! f>!r he w advance t[>ds t p]fection ( religion1 :i* ,john#bij speaks (4#bia ,b ! g5]al obligations ( religion are fully made out1 by prov+ ! reasonabl5ess ( ! practice ( x4 ,& t ! practice ( religion is reasonable1 may be %[n1 ?\gh no m c\ld be prov$1 ?an t ! sy/em ( x may be s1 = aught we "k to ! contr>y3 & ev5 )\t ent]+ into ! di/9ct consid]ation ( ?is4 ,fif?ly1 ,x is easy to see1 t ?\gh ! analogy ( nature is n an imm$iate answ] to objections aga9/ ! wisdom1 ! ju/ice1 or goodness1 ( any doctr9e or precept ( religion2 yet x may be1 z x is1 an imm$iate & direct answ] to :at is really int5d$ by su* objections2 :i* is1 to %[ t ! ?+s object$ aga9/ are incr$ible4 ,f\r?ly1 ,x is mo/ readily ackn[l$g$1 t ! =ego+ treatise is by no means satisfactory2 v f> inde$ f x3 b s w\ld any natural in/itution ( life appe>1 if r$uc$ into a sy/em1 toge!r ) its evid5ce4 ,leav+ religion out ( ! case1 m5 are divid$ 9 _! op9ions1 :e!r our pleasures ov]balance our pa9s3 & :e!r x be1 or be n1 eligible to live 9 ?is _w4#bib ,& 7 all su* controv]sies settl$1 :i* p]haps1 9 speculation1 w\ld be f\nd involv$ 9 great difficulties2 & 7 x det]m9$ ^u ! evid5ce ( reason1 z nature has det]m9$ x to our h&s1 t life is to be pres]v$3 /ill1 ! rules :i* ,god has be5 pleas$ to af=d u1 = escap+ ! mis]ies ( x1 & obta9+ its satisfactions1 ! rules1 = in/ance1 ( pres]v+ heal?1 & recov]+ x :5 lo/1 are n only fallible & prec>i\s1 b v f> f be+ exact4 ,nor are we in=m$ by nature1 z to future cont+5cies & accid5ts1 s z to r5d] x at all c]ta91 :at is ! be/ me?od ( manag+ our affairs4 ,:at w be ! success ( our temporal pursuits1 9 ! common s5se ( ! ^w success1 is highly d\btful4 ,& :at w be ! success ( !m 9 ! prop] s5se ( ! ^w2 i4e4 :at happ9ess or enjoym5t we %all obta9 by !m1 is d\btful 9 a mu* high] degree4 ,inde$ ! unsatisfactory nature ( ! evid5ce1 ) :i* we are oblig$ to take up1 9 ! daily c\rse ( life1 is sc>ce to be express$4 ,yet m5 d n ?r[ away life1 or disreg>d ! int]e/s ( x1 ^u acc\nt ( ?is d\btfulness4 ,! evid5ce ( religion !n be+ admitt$ real1 ^? :o object aga9/ x1 z n satisfactory1 i4e4 z n be+ :at !y wi% x1 pla9ly =get ! v condition ( our be+3 = satisfaction1 9 ?is s5se1 does n belong to su* a creature z man4 ,&1 :at is m mat]ial1 !y =get also ! v nature ( religion4 ,=1 religion presupposes1 9 all ^? :o w embrace x1 a c]ta9 degree ( integrity & hone/y2 :i* x 0 int5d$ to try :e!r m5 h or n1 & to ex]cise 9 su* z h x1 9 ord] to its improvem5t4 ,religion presupposes ?is z mu*1 & 9 ! same s5se1 z speak+ to a man presupposes he und]/&s ! language 9 :i* y speak2 or z w>n+ a man ( any dang] presupposes t he ha? su* a reg>d to himself1 z t he w endeavor to avoid x4 ,!re=e ! "q is n at all1 ,:e!r ! evid5ce ( religion be satisfactory2 b ,:e!r x be1 9 reason1 suffici5t to prove & discipl9e t virtue1 :i* x presupposes4 ,n[ ! evid5ce ( x is fully suffici5t = all ^? purposes ( probation2 h[ f> soev] x is f be+ satisfactory1 z to ! purposes ( curiosity1 or any o!r3 & inde$ x answ]s ! purposes ( ! =m] 9 sev]al respects1 :i* x w\ld n d1 if x 7 z ov]p[]+ z is requir$4 ,besides1 :e!r ! motives or ! evid5ce = any c\rse ( action be satisfactory1 mean+ "h1 by t ^w1 :at satisfies a man t su* a c\rse ( action w 9 ev5t be = 8 good2 ?is ne$ nev] be1 & ,i ?9k1 /rictly speak+1 nev] is1 ! practical "q 9 common matt]s4 ,! practical "q 9 all cases is1 ,:e!r ! evid5ce = a c\rse ( action be su* z1 tak+ 9 all circum/ances1 makes ! faculty )9 u1 :i* is ! guide & judge ( conduct1#bic det]m9e t c\rse ( action to be prud5t4 ,inde$1 satisfaction t x w be = our int]e/ or happ9ess1 abundantly det]m9es an action to be prud5t3 b evid5ce almo/ inf9itely l[] ?an ?is1 det]m9es actions to be s too2 ev5 9 ! conduct ( e day4 ,fif?ly1 ,z to ! objection conc]n+ ! influ5ce :i* ?is argum5t1 or any "p ( x1 may1 or may n be expect$ to h ^u m52 ,i obs]ve1 z above1 t religion be+ int5d$ = a trial#bid & ex]cise ( ! morality ( e p]son's "*1 :o is a subject ( x2 & !re be+1 z ,i h %[n1 su* evid5ce = x1 z is suffici5t1 9 reason1 to influ5ce m5 to embrace x3 to object1 t x is n to be imag9$ mank9d w be influ5c$ by su* evid5ce1 is no?+ to ! purpose ( ! =ego+ treatise4 ,= ! purpose ( x is n to inquire1 :at sort ( creatures mank9d are2 b :at ! light & k1 :i* is af=d$ !m1 requires !y %\ld be3 to %[ h[1 9 reason1 !y ought to behave2 n h[1 9 fact1 !y w behave4 ,?is dep5ds ^u !mselves1 & is _! own conc]n2 ! p]sonal conc]n ( ea* man 9 p>ticul>4 ,h[ little reg>d ! g5]ality h to x1 exp]i5ce inde$ does too fully %[4 ,b religion1 consid]$ z a probation1 has _h its end ^u all p]sons1 to :om x has be5 propos$ ) evid5ce suffici5t 9 reason to influ5ce _! practice3 = by ?is means !y h be5 put into a /ate ( probation2 let !m behave z !y w 9 x4 ,?us1 n only revelation1 b reason also1 tea*es u1 t by ! evid5ce ( religion be+ laid be=e m51 ! designs ( ,provid5ce are c>ry+ on1 n only ) reg>d to ^? :o w be influ5c$ by x1 b likewise ) reg>d to ^? :o w n4 ,la/ly1 ! objection "h ref]r$ to1 all[s ! ?+ insi/$ ^u 9 ?is treatise to be ( "s weight2 & if s1 x may be hop$ x w h "s influ5ce4 ,& if !re be a probability t x w h any at all1 !re is ! same reason 9 k9d1 ?\gh n 9 degree1 to lay x be=e m51 z !re w\ld be1 if x 7 likely to h a great] influ5ce4 ,fur!r1 ,i desire x may be consid]$1 ) respect to ! :ole ( ! =ego+ objections1 t 9 ?is treatise ,i h argu$ ^u ! pr9ciples ( o!rs1#bie n my own3 & h omitt$ :at ,i ?9k true1 & ( ! utmo/ importance1 because by o!rs ?\ght un9telligible1 or n true4 ,?us ,i h argu$ ^u ! pr9ciples ( ! fatali/s1 :i* ,i d n believe3 & h omitt$ a ?+ ( ! utmo/ importance :i* ,i d believe1--viz4 ! moral fitness & unfitness ( actions1 prior to all w :atev]2 :i* z c]ta9ly det]m9e ! div9e conduct1 z speculative tru? & falsehood necess>ily det]m9e ! div9e judgm5t4 ,inde$ ! pr9ciple ( lib]ty1 & t ( moral fitness1 s =ce !mselves ^u ! m9d1 t morali/s1 anci5t z well z mod]n1 h =m$ _! language ^u x4 ,& probably x may appe> 9 m9e1 ?\gh ,i h endeavor$ to avoid x2 &1 9 ord] to avoid x1 h sometimes be5 oblig$ to express myself 9 a mann]1 :i* w appe> /range to su* z d n obs]ve ! reason = x4 ,b ! g5]al argum5t "h pursu$1 does n at all suppose1 or proce$ ^u ^! pr9ciples4 ,n[1 ^! two ab/ract pr9ciples ( lib]ty & moral fitness be+ omitt$1 religion c be consid]$ 9 no o!r view1 ?an m]ely z a "q ( fact3 & 9 ?is view x is "h consid]$4 ,x is obvi\s1 t ,*ri/ianity1 & ! pro( ( x1 are bo? hi/orical4 ,ev5 natural religion is1 prop]ly1 a matt] ( fact4 ,=1 t !re is a righte\s ,gov]nor ( ! _w1 is s3 & ?is proposition conta9s ! g5]al sy/em ( natural religion4 ,b !n1 sev]al ab/ract tru?s1 & 9 p>ticul> ^? two pr9ciples1 are usually tak5 into consid]ation 9 ! pro( ( x3 :]eas x is "h treat$ ( only z a matt] ( fact4 ,to expla9 ?is2 ,t ! ?ree angles ( a triangle are equal to two "r ones1 is an ab/ract tru?2 b t !y appe> s to our m9d1 is only a matt] ( fact4 ,?is la/ mu/ h be5 admitt$1 if any ?+ 01 by ^? anci5t sceptics1 :o w\ld n admit ! =m]3 b pret5d$ to d\bt1 :e!r !re 7 any su* ?+ z tru?1 or :e!r we c\ld c]ta9ly dep5d ^u our faculties ( und]/&+ = ! k ( x 9 any case4 ,! ass]tion t !re is1 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 an orig9al /&>d ( "r & wrong 9 actions1 indep5d5t ^u all w1 b :i* unalt]ably det]m9es ! w ( ,god1 to ex]cise t moral gov]nm5t ov] ! _w1 :i* religion tea*es1 7i4e4 f9ally & ^u ! :ole to rew>d & puni% m5 respectively z !y act "r or wrong27 conta9s an ab/ract tru?1 z well z matt] ( fact4 ,b suppose t 9 ! pres5t /ate1 e man )\t exception1 0 rew>d$ & puni%$1 9 exact proportion z he foll[$ or transgress$ t s5se ( "r & wrong1 :i* ,god has implant$ 9 8 nature3 ?is w\ld n be at all an ab/ract tru?1 b only a matt] ( fact4 ,& ?\gh ?is fact 7 ackn[l$g$ by e "o1 yet ! same difficulties might be rais$ z n[ are1 conc]n+ ! ab/ract que/ions ( lib]ty & moral fitness4 ,& we %\ld h a pro(1 ev5 ! c]ta9 "o ( exp]i5ce1 t ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w 0 p]fectly moral1 )\t tak+ 9 ! consid]ation ( ^? que/ions3 & ?is pro( w\ld rema91 9 :at way soev] !y 7 det]m9$4 ,?us1 ,god hav+ giv5 mank9d a moral faculty1 ! object ( :i* is actions1 & :i* naturally approves "s actions z "r1 & ( good des]t1 & condemns o!rs z wrong1 & ( ill des]t2 t he w1 f9ally & ^u ! :ole1 rew>d ! =m] & puni% ! latt]1 is n an ass]tion ( an ab/ract tru?1 b ( :at is z m]e a fact1 z 8 do+ s at pres5t w\ld be4 ,?is future fact ,i h n1 inde$1 prov$ ) ! =ce ) :i* x might be prov$1 f ! pr9ciples ( lib]ty & moral fitness2 b )\t !m h giv5 a really conclusive practical pro( ( x1 :i* is greatly /r5g!n$ by ! g5]al analogy ( nature2 a pro( easily cavill$ at1 easily %[n n to be demon/rative1 7& x is n (f]$ z su*27 b impossible1 ,i ?9k1 to be evad$1 or answ]$4 ,?us ! obligations ( religion are made out1 exclusive ( ! que/ions conc]n+ lib]ty & moral fitness2 :i* h be5 p]plex$ ) difficulties & ab/ruse reason+s1 z e ?+ may4 ,h5ce !re=e may be obs]v$ di/9ctly1 :at is ! =ce ( ?is treatise4 ,x w be1 to su* z are conv9c$ ( religion ^u ! pro( aris+ out ( ! two la/ m5tion$ pr9ciples1 an additional pro( & confirmation ( x3 to su* z d n admit ^? pr9ciples1 an orig9al pro( ( x1#bif & a confirmation ( t pro(4 ,^? :o believe1 w "h f9d ! s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity cle>$ ( objections1 & ! evid5ce ( x 9 a peculi> mann] /r5g!n$4 ,^? :o d n believe w at lea/ be %[n ! absurdity ( all attempts to prove ,*ri/ianity false1 ! pla9 und\bt$ cr$ibility ( x2 &1 ,i hope1 a good deal m4 ,?us1 ?\gh "s p]haps may s]i\sly ?9k1 t analogy1 z "h urg$1 has too great /ress laid ^u x2 & ridicule1 unansw]able ridicule1 may be appli$1 to %[ ! argum5t f x 9 a disadvantage\s light2 yet !re c be no "q1 b t x is a real "o4 ,= religion1 bo? natural & reveal$1 imply+ 9 x num]\s facts2 analogy1 be+ a confirmation ( all facts to :i* x c be appli$1 & ! only pro( ( mo/1 _c b be admitt$ by e "o to be a mat]ial ?+1 & truly ( weight on ! side ( religion1 bo? natural & reveal$4 ,& x ought to be p>ticul>ly reg>d$ by su* z pr(ess to foll[ nature1 & to be less satisfi$ ) ab/ract reason+s4 ,,conclusion4 ,:atev] acc\nt may be giv5 ( ! /range inatt5tion & disreg>d1 9 "s ages & c\ntries1 to a matt] ( su* importance z religion2 x w\ld1 be=e exp]i5ce1 be incr$ible1 t !re %\ld be ! l disreg>d 9 ^?1 :o h _h ! moral sy/em ( ! _w laid be=e !m1 z x is by ,*ri/ianity1 & (t5 inculcat$ ^u !m3 because ?is moral sy/em c>ries 9 x a good degree ( evid5ce = its tru?1 ^u its be+ b>ely propos$ to our ?\ghts4 ,!re is no ne$ ( ab/ruse reason+s & di/9ctions1 to conv9ce an unprejudic$ und]/&+1 t !re is a ,god :o made & gov]ns ! _w1 & w judge x 9 righte\sness2 ?\gh !y may be necess>y to answ] ab/ruse difficulties1 :5 once su* are rais$3 :5 ! v mean+ ( ^? words1 :i* express mo/ intelligibly ! g5]al doctr9e ( religion1 is pret5d$ to be unc]ta92 & ! cle> tru? ( ! ?+ itself is obscur$ by ! intricacies ( speculation4 ,to an unprejudic$ m9d1 t5 ?\s& ?\s& in/ances ( design _c b prove a design]4 ,& x is intuitively manife/1 t creatures ought to live "u a dutiful s5se ( _! ,mak]2 & t ju/ice & *>ity mu/ be 8 laws1 to creatures :om he has made social1 & plac$ 9 society4 ,! tru? ( reveal$ religion1 peculi>ly s call$1 is n inde$ self-evid5t1 b requires ext]nal pro(1 9 ord] to its be+ receiv$4 ,yet inatt5tion1 among u1 to reveal$ religion1 w be f\nd to imply ! same dissolute immoral temp] ( m9d1 z inatt5tion to natural religion3 because1 :5 bo? are laid be=e u1 9 ! mann] !y are 9 ,*ri/ian c\ntries ( lib]ty1 our obligations to inquire into bo?1 & to embrace bo? ^u supposition ( _! tru?1 are obligations ( ! same nature4 ,revelation claims to be ! voice ( ,god3 & our obligation to att5d to 8 voice is surely moral1 9 all cases4 ,& z x is insi/$1 t its evid5ce is conclusive1 ^u ?or\gh consid]ation ( x2 s x (f]s itself ) obvi\s appe>ances ( hav+ some?+ m ?an human 9 x1 & !re=e 9 all reason requires to h its claims mo/ s]i\sly exam9$ into4 ,x is to be add$1 t ?\gh light & k1 9 :at mann] soev] af=d$1 is equally f ,god2 yet a miracul\s revelation has a peculi> t5d5cy1 f ! fir/ pr9ciples ( our nature1 to awak5 mank9d1 & inspire !m ) rev]5ce & awe4 ,& ?is is a peculi> obligation1 to att5d to :at claims to be s1 ) su* appe>ances ( tru?4 ,x is !re=e mo/ c]ta91 t our obligations to inquire s]i\sly into ! evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity1 &1 ^u supposition ( its tru?1 to embrace x1 are ( ! utmo/ importance1 & moral 9 ! highe/ & mo/ prop] s5se4 ,let u !n suppose1 t ! evid5ce ( religion 9 g5]al1 & ( ,*ri/ianity1 has be5 s]i\sly inquir$ into1 by all reasonable m5 among u4 ,yet we f9d _m pr(ess$ly to reject bo?1 ^u speculative pr9ciples ( infidelity4 ,all ( !m d n cont5t !mselves ) a b>e neglect ( religion1 & enjoy+ _! imag9>y fre$om f its re/ra9ts4 ,"s g mu* beyond ?is4 ,!y d]ide ,god's moral gov]nm5t ov] ! _w4 ,!y r5\nce 8 protection1 & defy 8 ju/ice4 ,!y ridicule & vilify ,*ri/ianity1 & blaspheme ! au?or ( x2 & take all occasions to manife/ scorn & contempt ( revelation4 ,?is am\nts to an active sett+ !mselves aga9/ religion2 to :at may be consid]$ z a positive pr9ciple ( irreligion1 :i* !y cultivate )9 !mselves2 &1 :e!r !y int5d ?is effect or n1 r5d] habitual1 z a good man does ! contr>y pr9ciple4 ,o!rs1 :o are n *>geable ) all ?is pr(ligat5ess1 yet are 9 av[$ opposition to religion1 z if discov]$ to be gr\ndless4 ,n[ admitt+1 :i* is ! supposition we g ^u1 t ^! p]sons act ^u :at !y ?9k pr9ciples ( reason1 7& o!rwise !y are n to be argu$ )17 x is really inconceivable1 t !y %\ld imag9e !y cle>ly see ! :ole evid5ce ( x1 consid]$ 9 itself1 to be no?+ at all3 nor d !y pret5d ?is4 ,!y are f> inde$ f hav+ a j notion ( its evid5ce3 b !y w\ld n say its evid5ce 0 no?+1 if !y ?\ght ! sy/em ( x1 ) all its circum/ances1 7 cr$ible1 l o!r matt]s ( sci5ce or hi/ory4 ,_! mann] ( treat+ x mu/ proce$1 ei!r f su* k9d ( objections aga9/ all religion1 z h be5 answ]$ or obviat$ 9 ! =m] "p ( ?is treatise2 or else f objections1 & difficulties1 suppos$ m peculi> to ,*ri/ianity4 ,?us1 !y ent]ta9 prejudices aga9/ ! :ole notion ( a revelation1 & miracul\s int]positions4 ,!y f9d ?+s 9 ,scripture1 :e!r 9 incid5tal passages1 or 9 ! g5]al s*eme ( x1 :i* appe> to !m unreasonable4 ,!y take = grant$1 t if ,*ri/ianity 7 true1 ! light ( x mu/ h be5 m g5]al1 & ! evid5ce ( x m satisfactory1 or r ov]p[]+3 t x mu/ & w\ld h be51 9 "s way1 o!rwise put & left1 ?an x is4 ,n[ ?is is n imag9+ !y see ! evid5ce itself to be no?+1 or inconsid]able2 b q ano!r ?+4 ,x is be+ =tifi$ aga9/ ! evid5ce1 9 "s degree ackn[l$g$1 by ?9k+ !y see ! sy/em ( ,*ri/ianity1 or some?+ :i* appe>s to !m necess>ily connect$ ) x1 to be incr$ible or false2 =tifi$ aga9/ t evid5ce1 :i* might o!rwise make great impression ^u !m4 ,or1 la/ly1 if any ( ^! p]sons are1 ^u ! :ole1 9 d\bt conc]n+ ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity2 _! behavior seems ow+ to _! tak+ = grant$1 ?r\gh /range inatt5tion1 t su* d\bt+ is1 9 a mann]1 ! same ?+ z be+ c]ta9 aga9/ x4 ,to ^! p]sons1 & to ?is /ate ( op9ion conc]n+ religion1 ! =ego+ treatise is adapt$4 ,=1 all ! g5]al objections aga9/ ! moral sy/em ( nature hav+ be5 obviat$1 x is %[n1 t !re is n any peculi> presumption at all aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 consid]$ ei!r z n discov]able by reason1 or z unlike to :at is s discov]$2 nor any1 wor? m5tion+1 aga9/ x z miracul\s1 if any at all2 none1 c]ta9ly1 :i* c r5d] x 9 ! lea/ incr$ible4 ,x is %[n1 t1 ^u supposition ( a div9e revelation1 ! analogy ( nature r5d]s x be=eh& highly cr$ible1 ,i ?9k probable1 t _m ?+s 9 x mu/ appe> liable to great objections2 & t we mu/ be incompet5t judges ( x1 to a great degree4 ,?is obs]vation is1 ,i ?9k1 unque/ionably true1 & ( ! v utmo/ importance4 ,b x is urg$1 z ,i hope x w be und]/ood1 ) great caution n to vilify ! faculty ( reason1 :i* is ! c&le ( ! ,"l )9 u2#big ?\gh x c af=d no light1 :]e x does n %9e2 nor judge1 :]e x has no pr9ciples to judge ^u4 ,! objections "h spok5 (1 be+ fir/ answ]$ 9 ! view ( objections aga9/ ,*ri/ianity z a matt] ( fact1 are 9 ! next place consid]$ z urg$ m imm$iately aga9/ ! wisdom1 ju/ice1 & goodness ( ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation4 ,& x is fully made out1 t !y admit ( exactly ! l answ]1 9 e respect1 to :at ! l objections aga9/ ! con/itution ( nature admit (3 t1 z p>tial views give ! appe>ance ( wrong to ?+s1 :i*1 ^u fur!r consid]ation & k ( _! relations to o!r ?+s1 are f\nd j & good2 s x is p]fectly cr$ible1 t ! ?+s object$ aga9/ ! wisdom & goodness ( ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation1 may be r5d]$ in/ances ( wisdom & goodness1 by _! ref]5ce to o!r ?+s beyond our view4 ,because ,*ri/ianity is a s*eme z mu* above our compreh5sion1 z t ( nature2 & l t1 a s*eme 9 :i* means are made use ( to accompli% ends1 & :i*1 z is mo/ cr$ible1 may be c>ri$ on by g5]al laws4 ,& x ought to be att5d$ to1 t ?is is n an answ] tak5 m]ely or *iefly f our ignorance3 b f some?+ positive1 :i* our obs]vation %[s u4 ,=1 to l objections1 ! l answ] is exp]i5c$ to be j1 9 numb]less p>allel cases4 ,! objections aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation1 & ! me?od by :i* x is c>ri$ on1 hav+ be5 ?us obviat$1 9 g5]al1 & toge!r2 ! *ief ( !m are consid]$ di/9ctly1 & ! p>ticul> ?+s object$ to are %[n cr$ible1 by _! p]fect analogy1 ea* ap>t1 to ! con/itution ( nature4 ,?us1 if man be fall5 f 8 primitive /ate1 & to be re/or$1 & inf9ite wisdom & p[] engages 9 accompli%+ our recov]y3 x 7 to h be5 expect$1 x is said1 t ?is %\ld h be5 effect$ at once2 & n by su* a long s]ies ( means1 & su* a v>i\s economy ( p]sons & ?+s2 "o disp5sation prep>atory to ano!r1 ?is to a fur!r "o1 & s on ?r\gh an indef9ite numb] ( ages1 be=e ! end ( ! s*eme propos$ c be completely accompli%$2 a s*eme conduct$ by inf9ite wisdom1 & execut$ by almighty p[]4 ,b n[1 on ! contr>y1 our f9d+ t e ?+ 9 ! con/itution & c\rse ( nature is ?us c>ri$ on1 %[s su* expectations conc]n+ revelation to be highly unreasonable2 & is a satisfactory answ] to !m1 :5 urg$ z objections aga9/ ! cr$ibility1 t ! great s*eme ( ,provid5ce 9 ! r$emption ( ! _w may be ( ?is k9d1 & to be accompli%$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,z to ! p>ticul> me?od ( our r$emption1 ! appo9tm5t ( a ,m$iator betwe5 ,god & man3 ?is has be5 %[n to be mo/ obvi\sly analog\s to ! g5]al conduct ( nature1 i4e4 ! ,god ( nature1 9 appo9t+ o!rs to be ! in/rum5ts ( 8 m]cy1 z we exp]i5ce 9 ! daily c\rse ( ,provid5ce4 ,! condition ( ?is _w1 :i* ! doctr9e ( our r$emption by ,*ri/ presupposes1 s mu* falls 9 ) natural appe>ances1 t hea!n morali/s inf]r$ x f ^? appe>ances3 inf]r$ t human nature 0 fall5 f its orig9al rectitude1 & 9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 degrad$ f its primitive happ9ess4 ,h[ev] ?is op9ion came into ! _w1 ^! appe>ances kept up ! tradition1 & confirm$ ! belief ( x4 ,& z x 0 ! g5]al op9ion "u ! light ( nature1 t rep5tance & re=mation1 alone & by itself1 0 n suffici5t to d away s91 & procure a full remission ( ! p5alties annex$ to x2 & z ! reason ( ! ?+ does n at all lead to any su* conclusion2 s e day's exp]i5ce %[s u1 t re=mation is n1 9 any sort1 suffici5t to prev5t ! pres5t disadvantages & mis]ies1 :i*1 9 ! natural c\rse ( ?+s1 ,god has annex$ to folly & extravagance4 ,yet !re may be gr\nd to ?9k1 t ! puni%m5ts1 :i*1 by ! g5]al laws ( div9e gov]nm5t1 are annex$ to vice1 may be prev5t$3 t provision may h be51 ev5 orig9ally1 made1 t !y %\ld be prev5t$ by "s means or o!r1 ?\gh !y c\ld n by re=mation alone4 ,= we h daily in/ances ( su* m]cy1 9 ! g5]al conduct ( nature3 compassion provid$ = mis]y1#bih m$ic9es = diseases1 fri5ds aga9/ enemies4 ,!re is provision made1 9 ! orig9al con/itution ( ! _w1 t mu* ( ! natural bad consequ5ces ( our follies1 :i* p]sons !mselves alone _c prev5t1 may be prev5t$ by ! assi/ance ( o!rs2 assi/ance :i* nature enables1 & disposes1 & appo9ts !m to af=d4 ,by a me?od ( goodness analog\s to ?is1 :5 ! _w lay 9 wick$ness1 & consequ5tly 9 ru91 ,god s lov$ ! _w1 t he gave 8 only-begott5 ,son to save x3 & he be+ made p]fect by suff]+1 became ! au?or ( et]nal salvation to all !m t obey him4#bii ,inde$ nei!r reason nor analogy w\ld lead u to ?9k1 9 p>ticul>1 t ! int]position ( ,*ri/1 9 ! mann] 9 :i* he did int]pose1 w\ld be ( t efficacy = recov]y ( ! _w1 :i* ! ,scripture tea*es u x 04 ,b nei!r w\ld reason nor analogy lead u to ?9k1 t o!r p>ticul> means w\ld be ( ! efficacy1 :i* exp]i5ce %[s !y are1 9 numb]less in/ances4 ,!re=e1 z ! case be=e u does n admit ( exp]i5ce2 s1 t nei!r reason nor analogy c %[ h[1 or 9 :at p>ticul> way1 ! int]position ( ,*ri/1 z reveal$ 9 ,scripture1 is ( t efficacy1 :i* x is !re repres5t$ to be2 ?is is no k9d nor degree ( presumption aga9/ its be+ really ( t efficacy4 ,fur!r3 ! objections aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 f ! light ( x n be+ univ]sal1 nor its evid5ce s /rong z might possibly be giv51 h be5 answ]$ by ! g5]al analogy ( nature4 ,t ,god has made su* v>iety ( creatures1 is inde$ an answ] to ! =m]3 b t he disp5ses 8 gifts 9 su* v>iety1 bo? ( degrees & k9ds1 among creatures ( ! same species1 & ev5 to ! same individuals at diff]5t times2 is a m obvi\s & full answ] to x4 ,& x is s f> f be+ ! me?od ( ,provid5ce 9 o!r cases1 to af=d u su* ov]be>+ evid5ce1 z "s require 9 pro( ( ,*ri/ianity2 t on ! contr>y1 ! evid5ce ^u :i* we are naturally appo9t$ to act 9 common matt]s1 ?r\gh\t a v great "p ( life1 is d\btful 9 a high degree4 ,& admitt+ ! fact1 t ,god has af=d$ to "s no m ?an d\btful evid5ce ( religion2 ! same acc\nt may be giv5 ( x1 z ( difficulties & temptations ) reg>d to practice4 ,b z x is n impossible1#cjj surely1 t ?is alleg$ d\btfulness may be m5's own fault2 x des]ves _! mo/ s]i\s consid]ation1 :e!r x be n s4 ,h[ev]1 x is c]ta91 t d\bt+ implies a degree ( evid5ce = t ( :i* we d\bt3 & t ?is degree ( evid5ce z really lays u "u obligations z demon/rative evid5ce4 ,! :ole ( religion !n is ?r\gh\t cr$ible3 nor is !re1 ,i ?9k1 any ?+1 relat+ to ! reveal$ disp5sation ( ?+s1 m diff]5t f ! exp]i5c$ con/itution & c\rse ( nature1 ?an "s p>ts ( ! con/itution ( nature are f o!r p>ts ( x4 ,if s1 ! only "q :i* rema9s is1 ,:at positive evid5ce c be alleg$ = ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity8 ,?is too 9 g5]al has be5 consid]$1 & ! objections aga9/ x e/imat$4 ,d$uct1 !re=e1 :at is to be d$uct$ f t evid5ce1 ^u acc\nt ( any weight :i* may be ?\ght to rema9 9 ^! objections1 aft] :at ! analogy ( nature has sugge/$ 9 answ] to !m3 & !n consid]1 :at are ! practical consequ5ces f all ?is ^u ! mo/ sceptical pr9ciples "o c argue ^u 7= ,i am writ+ to p]sons :o ent]ta9 ^! pr9ciples73 & ^u su* consid]ation x w be obvi\s1 t immorality1 z little excuse z x admits ( 9 itself1 is greatly aggravat$1 9 p]sons :o h be5 made acqua9t$ ) ,*ri/ianity1 :e!r !y believe x or n3 because ! moral sy/em ( nature1 or natural religion1 :i* ,*ri/ianity lays be=e u1 approves itself1 almo/ intuitively1 to a reasonable m9d1 ^u see+ x propos$4 ,9 ! next place1 ) reg>d to ,*ri/ianity1 x w be obs]v$ t !re is a middle betwe5 a full satisfaction ( ! tru? ( x1 & a satisfaction ( ! contr>y4 ,! middle /ate ( m9d betwe5 ^! two consi/s 9 a s]i\s appreh5sion1 t x may be true1 jo9$ ) d\bt :e!r x is s4 ,& ?is1 ^u ! be/ judgm5t ,i am able to make1 is z f> t[>ds speculative infidelity1 z any sceptic c at all be suppos$ to g1 :o has _h true ,*ri/ianity1 ) ! prop] evid5ces ( x1 laid be=e him1 & has 9 any tol]able measure consid]$ !m4 ,= ,i w\ld n be mi/ak5 to compreh5d all :o h ev] he>d ( x2 because x seems evid5t1 t 9 _m c\ntries call$ ,*ri/ian1 nei!r ,*ri/ianity nor its evid5ce1 is fairly laid be=e m54 ,& 9 places :]e bo? are1 !re appe> to be "s :o h v little att5d$ to ei!r1 & :o reject ,*ri/ianity ) a scorn proportionate to _! inatt5tion2 & yet are by no means )\t und]/&+ 9 o!r matt]s4 ,n[ x has be5 %[n1 t a s]i\s appreh5sion t ,*ri/ianity may be true1 lays p]sons "u ! /ricte/ obligations ( a s]i\s reg>d to x1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( _! life2 a reg>d n ! same exactly1 b 9 _m respects ne>ly ! same ) :at a full conviction ( its tru? w\ld lay !m "u4 ,la/ly1 x w appe>1 t blasphemy & pr(an5ess1 ) reg>d to ,*ri/ianity1 are absolutely )\t excuse4 ,!re is no temptation to x1 b f ! wantonness ( vanity or mir?2 & ^?1 consid]+ ! inf9ite importance ( ! subject1 are no su* temptations z to af=d any excuse = x4 ,if ?is be a j acc\nt ( ?+s1 & yet m5 c g on to vilify or disreg>d ,*ri/ianity1 :i* is to talk & act z if !y _h a demon/ration ( its falsehood1 !re is no reason to ?9k !y w\ld alt] _! behavior to any purpose1 ?\gh !re 7 a demon/ration ( its tru?4 ,,diss]tations4 ,,( ,,p]sonal ,,id5tity4 ,,( ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,virtue4 ,adv]tisem5t4 ,9 ! fir/ copy ( ^! pap]s1 ,i _h ins]t$ ! two foll[+ diss]tations into ! *apt]s1 on a ,future ,life1 & on ! ,moral ,gov]nm5t ( ,god2 ) :i* !y are closely connect$4 ,b z ^! d n directly fall "u ! title ( ! =ego+ treatise1 & w\ld h kept ! subject ( x too long out ( sight1 x seems m prop] to place !m by !mselves4 ,,diss]tation ,i4 ,p]sonal ,id5tity4 ,:e!r we are to live 9 a future /ate1 z x is ! mo/ important "q :i* c possibly be ask$1 s x is ! mo/ intelligible "o :i* c be express$ 9 language4 ,yet /range p]plexities h be5 rais$ ab\t ! mean+ ( t id5tity or sam5ess ( p]son1 :i* is impli$ 9 ! notion ( our liv+ n[ & h]eaft]1 or 9 any two successive mom5ts4 ,& ! solution ( ^! difficulties ha? be5 /rang] ?an ! difficulties !mselves4 ,=1 p]sonal id5tity has be5 expla9$ s by "s1 z to r5d] ! inquiry conc]n+ a future life ( no consequ5ce at all to u ! p]sons :o are mak+ x4 ,& ?\gh few m5 c be misl$ by su* subtleties2 yet x may be prop] to consid] !m a little4 ,:5 x is ask$ :]e9 p]sonal id5tity consi/s1 ! answ] %\ld be ! same1 z if x 7 ask$ :]e9 consi/s similitude1 or equality2 t all attempts to def9e w\ld b p]plex x4 ,yet !re is no difficulty at all 9 asc]ta9+ ! idea4 ,= z1 ^u two triangles be+ comp>$ or view$ toge!r1 !re arises to ! m9d ! idea ( similitude2 or ^u twice two & f\r1 ! idea ( equality3 s likewise1 ^u comp>+ ! consci\sness ( "o's self1 or "o's own exi/5ce1 9 any two mom5ts1 !re z imm$iately arises to ! m9d ! idea ( p]sonal id5tity4 ,& z ! two =m] comp>isons n only give u ! ideas ( similitude & equality2 b also %[ u t two triangles are alike1 & twice two & f\r are equal3 s ! latt] comp>ison n only gives u ! idea ( p]sonal id5tity1 b also %[s u ! id5tity ( ourselves 9 ^? two mom5ts2 ! pres5t1 suppose1 & t imm$iately pa/2 or ! pres5t1 & t a mon?1 a ye>1 or tw5ty ye>s pa/4 ,9 o!r words1 by reflect+ ^u t :i* is myself n[1 & t :i* 0 myself tw5ty ye>s ago1 ,i disc]n !y are n two1 b "o & ! same self4 ,b ?\gh consci\sness ( :at is pa/ does ?us asc]ta9 our p]sonal id5tity to ourselves1 yet to say1 t x makes p]sonal id5tity1 or is necess>y to our be+ ! same p]sons1 is to say1 t a p]son has n exi/$ a s+le mom5t1 nor done "o action1 b :at he c rememb]2 inde$ none b :at he reflects ^u4 ,& "o %\ld really ?9k x self-evid5t1 t consci\sness ( p]sonal id5tity presupposes1 & !re=e _c con/itute1 p]sonal id5tity2 any m ?an k1 9 any o!r case1 c con/itute tru?1 :i* x presupposes4 ,?is wond]ful mi/ake may possibly h aris5 f h5ce2 t to be endu$ ) consci\sness is insep>able f ! idea ( a p]son1 or intellig5t be+4 ,=1 ?is might be express$ inaccurately ?us1 t consci\sness makes p]sonality3 & f h5ce x might be conclud$ to make p]sonal id5tity4 ,b ?\gh pres5t consci\sness ( :at we at pres5t d & feel is necess>y to our be+ ! p]sons we n[ are2 yet pres5t consci\sness ( pa/ actions or feel+s is n necess>y to our be+ ! same p]sons :o p]=m$ ^? actions1 or once _h ^? feel+s4 ,! inquiry1 :at makes vegetables ! same1 9 ! common acceptation ( ! ^w1 does n appe> to h any relation to ?is ( p]sonal id5tity3 because1 ! ^w same1 :5 appli$ to !m & to a p]son1 is n only appli$ to diff]5t subjects1 b x is also us$ 9 diff]5t s5ses4 ,= :5 a man swe>s to ! same tree1 z hav+ /ood fifty ye>s 9 ! same place1 he means only ! same z to all ! purposes ( prop]ty1 & uses ( common life2 & n t ! tree has be5 all t "t ! same1 9 ! /rict philosophical s5se ( ! ^w4 ,= he does n "k1 :e!r any "o p>ticle ( ! pres5t tree be ! same ) any "o p>ticle ( ! tree :i* /ood 9 ! same place fifty ye>s ago4 ,& if !y h n "o common p>ticle ( matt]1 !y _c be ! same tree 9 ! prop] philosophic s5se ( ! ^w same3 x be+ evid5tly a contradiction 9 t]ms1 to say !y are1 :5 no "p ( _! sub/ance1 & no "o ( _! prop]ties is ! same3 no "p ( _! sub/ance1 by ! supposition2 no "o ( _! prop]ties1 because x is all[$1 t ! same prop]ty _c be transf]r$ f "o sub/ance to ano!r4 ,!re=e :5 we say ! id5tity ( sam5ess ( a plant consi/s 9 a cont9uation ( ! same life1 communicat$ "u ! same organization1 to a numb] ( p>ticles ( matt]1 :e!r ! same or n2 ! ^w same1 :5 appli$ to life & to organization1 _c possibly be und]/ood to signify1 :at x signifies 9 ?is v s5t5ce1 :5 appli$ to matt]4 ,9 a loose & popul> s5se !n1 ! life & ! organization & ! plant are ju/ly said to be ! same1 not)/&+ ! p]petual *ange ( ! p>ts4 ,b 9 /rict & philosophical language1 no man1 no be+1 no mode ( be+1 no any ?+1 c be ! same ) t1 ) :i* x has inde$ no?+ ! same4 ,n[ sam5ess is us$ 9 ?is latt] s5se1 :5 appli$ to p]sons4 ,! id5tity ( ^!1 !re=e1 _c subsi/ ) div]sity ( sub/ance4 ,! ?+ "h consid]$1 & z ,i ?9k1 demon/ratively det]m9$1 is propos$ by ,mr4 ,locke 9 ^! words1 ,:e!r x2 i4e4 ! same self or p]son1 be ! same id5tical sub/ance8 ,& he has sugge/$ :at is a mu* bett] answ] to ! "q1 ?an t :i* he gives x 9 =m4 ,= he def9es p]son1 a ?9k+ intellig5t be+1 c41 & p]sonal id5tity1 ! sam5ess ( a rational be+4#cja ,! "q !n is1 :e!r ! same rational be+ is ! same sub/ance3 :i* ne$s no answ]1 because be+ & sub/ance1 9 ?is place1 /& = ! same idea4 ,! gr\nd ( ! d\bt1 :e!r ! same p]son be ! same sub/ance1 is said to be ?is2 t ! consci\sness ( our own exi/5ce1 9 y\? & 9 old age1 or 9 any two jo9t successive mom5ts1 is n ! same individual action1#cjb i4e4 n ! same consci\sness1 b diff]5t successive consci\snesses4 ,n[ x is /range t ?is %\ld h occasion$ su* p]plexities4 ,= x is surely conceivable1 t a p]son may h a capacity ( kn[+ "s object or o!r to be ! same n[1 :i* x 0 :5 he contemplat$ x =m]ly3 yet 9 ?is case1 :]e1 by ! supposition1 ! object is p]ceiv$ to be ! same1 ! p]ception ( x 9 any two mom5ts _c be "o & ! same p]ception4 ,& ?us1 ?\gh ! successive consci\snesses1 :i* we h ( our own exi/5ce1 are n ! same1 yet are !y consci\snesses ( "o & ! same ?+ or object2 ( ! same p]son1 self1 or liv+ ag5t4 ,! p]son1 ( ^: exi/5ce ! consci\sness is felt n[1 & 0 felt an h\r or a ye> ago1 is disc]n$ to be2 n two p]sons1 b "o & ! same p]son2 & !re=e is "o & ! same4 ,mr4 ,locke's obs]vations ^u ?is subject appe> ha/y3 & he seems to pr(ess himself dissatisfi$ ) suppositions1 :i* he has made relat+ to x4#cjc ,b "s ( ^? ha/y obs]vations h be5 c>ri$ to a /range l5g? by o!rs2 ^: notion1 :5 trac$ & exam9$ to ! bottom1 am\nts1 ,i ?9k1 to ?is3#cjd 8,t p]sonality is n a p]man5t1 b a transi5t ?+3 t x lives & dies1 beg9s & ends cont9ually3 t no "o c any m rema9 "o & ! same p]son two mom5ts toge!r1 ?an two successive mom5ts c be "o & ! same mom5t3 t our sub/ance is inde$ cont9ually *ang+2 b :e!r ?is be s or n1 is1 x seems1 no?+ to ! purpose2 s9ce x is n sub/ance1 b consci\sness alone1 :i* con/itutes p]sonality3 :i* consci\sness1 be+ successive1 _c be ! same 9 any two mom5ts1 nor consequ5tly ! p]sonality con/itut$ by x40 ,h5ce x mu/ foll[1 t x is a fallacy ^u ourselves1 to *>ge our pres5t selves ) any ?+ we did1 or to imag9e our pres5t selves int]e/$ 9 any ?+ :i* befell u ye/]day2 or t our pres5t self w be int]e/$ 9 :at w befall u to-morr[3 s9ce our pres5t self is n1 9 reality1 ! same ) ! self ( ye/]day1 b ano!r l self or p]son com+ 9 its room1 & mi/ak5 = x2 to :i* ano!r self w succe$ to-morr[4 ,?is1 ,i say1 mu/ foll[4 ,= if ! self or p]son ( to-day1 & t ( to-morr[1 are n ! same1 b only l p]sons2 ! p]son ( to-day is really no m int]e/$ 9 :at w befall ! p]son ( to-morr[1 ?an 9 :at w befall any o!r p]son4 ,x may be ?\ght1 p]haps1 t ?is is n a j repres5tation ( ! op9ion we are speak+ (3 because ^? :o ma9ta9 x all[1 t a p]son is ! same z f> back z 8 remembrance rea*es4 ,inde$ !y use ! words1 id5tity1 & same p]son4 ,nor w language p]mit ^! words to be laid aside2 s9ce if !y 71 !re mu/ be ,i "k n :at ridicul\s p]iphrasis sub/itut$ 9 ! room ( !m4 ,b !y _c1 consi/5tly ) !mselves1 mean1 t ! p]son is really ! same4 ,= x is self-evid5t1 t ! p]sonality _c be really ! same1 if1 z !y expressly ass]t1 t 9 :i* x consi/s is n ! same4 ,& z1 consi/5tly ) !mselves1 !y _c1 s1 ,i ?9k x appe>s1 !y d n mean1 t ! p]son is really ! same1 b only t he is s 9 a fictiti\s s5se3 9 su* a s5se only z !y ass]t1 = ?is !y d ass]t1 t any numb] ( p]sons :atev] may be ! same p]son4 ,! b>e unfold+ ?is notion1 & lay+ x ?us nak$ & op51 seems ! be/ confutation ( x4 ,h[ev]1 s9ce great /ress is said to be put ^u x1 ,i add ! foll[+ ?+s4 ,fir/1 ,?is notion is absolutely contradictory to t c]ta9 conviction1 :i* necess>ily & e mom5t rises )9 u1 :5 we turn our ?\ghts ^u ourselves1 :5 we reflect ^u :at is pa/1 & look =w>d ^u :at is to come4 ,all imag9ation ( a daily *ange ( t liv+ ag5t :i* ea* man calls himself1 = ano!r1 or ( any su* *ange ?r\gh\t our :ole pres5t life1 is entirely borne d[n by our natural s5se ( ?+s4 ,nor is x possible = a p]son 9 8 wits to alt] 8 conduct1 ) reg>d to 8 heal? or affairs1 f a suspicion1 t1 ?\gh he %\ld live to-morr[1 he %\ld n1 h[ev]1 be ! same p]son he is to-day4 ,yet1 if x be reasonable to act1 ) respect to a future life1 ^u ! notion t p]sonality is transi5t1 x is reasonable to act ^u x1 ) respect to ! pres5t4 ,"h !n is a notion equally applicable to religion & to temporal conc]ns4 ,e "o sees & feels ! inexpressible absurdity ( x 9 ! latt] case2 !re=e1 if any c take up ) x 9 ! =m]1 ?is _c proce$ f ! reason ( ! ?+1 b mu/ be ow+ to inw>d unfairness1 & secret corruption ( he>t4 ,secondly1 ,x is n an idea1 or ab/ract notion1 or quality1 b a be+ only1 :i* is capable ( life & action1 ( happ9ess & mis]y4 ,n[ all be+s confess$ly cont9ue ! same1 dur+ ! :ole "t ( _! exi/5ce4 ,consid] !n a liv+ be+ n[ exi/+1 & :i* has exi/$ = any "t alive4 ,?is liv+ be+ mu/ h done & suff]$ & enjoy$1 :at x has done & suff]$ & enjoy$ =m]ly1 7?is liv+ be+1 ,i say1 & n ano!r7 z really z x does & suff]s & enjoys1 :at x does & suff]s & enjoys ?is in/ant4 ,all ^! successive actions1 enjoym5ts1 & suff]+s1 are actions1 enjoym5ts1 & suff]+s1 ( ! same liv+ be+4 ,& !y are s1 prior to all consid]ation ( its rememb]+ or =gett+3 s9ce rememb]+ or =gett+ c make no alt]ation 9 ! tru? ( pa/ matt] ( fact4 ,& suppose ?is be+ endu$ ) limit$ p[]s ( k & memory1 !re is no m difficulty 9 conceiv+ x to h a p[] ( kn[+ itself to be ! same liv+ be+ :i* x 0 "s "t ago1 ( rememb]+ "s ( its actions1 suff]+s1 & enjoym5ts1 & =gett+ o!rs1 ?an 9 conceiv+ x to "k or rememb] or =get any ?+ else4 ,?irdly1 ,e p]son is consci\s1 t he is n[ ! same p]son or self he 0 z f> back z 8 remembrance rea*es3 s9ce :5 any "o reflects ^u a pa/ action ( 8 own1 he is j z c]ta9 ( ! p]son :o did t action1 namely1 himself :o n[ reflects ^u x1 z he is c]ta9 t ! action 0 done at all4 ,nay1 v (t5 a p]son's assurance ( an action hav+ be5 done1 ( :i* he is absolutely assur$1 arises :olly f ! consci\sness t he himself did x4 ,?is he1 p]son1 or self1 mu/ ei!r be a sub/ance1 or ! prop]ty ( "s sub/ance4 ,if he1 a p]son1 be a sub/ance2 !n consci\sness t he is ! same p]son is consci\sness t he is ! same sub/ance4 ,if ! p]son1 or he1 be ! prop]ty ( a sub/ance1 /ill consci\sness t he is ! same prop]ty is z c]ta9 a pro( t 8 sub/ance rema9s ! same1 z consci\sness t he rema9s ! same sub/ance w\ld be2 s9ce ! same prop]ty _c be transf]r$ f "o sub/ance to ano!r4 ,b ?\gh we are ?us c]ta91 t we are ! same ag5ts1 liv+ be+s1 or sub/ances1 n[1 :i* we 7 z f> back z our remembrance rea*es2 yet x is ask$1 :e!r we may n possibly be deceiv$ 9 x8 ,& ?is "q may be ask$ at ! end ( any demon/ration :atev]3 because x is a "q conc]n+ ! tru? ( p]ception by memory4 ,he :o c d\bt1 :e!r p]ception by memory c 9 ?is case be dep5d$ ^u1 may d\bt also1 :e!r p]ception by d$uction & reason+1 :i* also include memory1 or inde$ :e!r intuitive p]ception c4 ,"h !n we c g no fur!r4 ,= x is ridicul\s to attempt to prove ! tru? ( ^? p]ceptions1 ^: tru? we c no o!rwise prove1 ?an by o!r p]ceptions ( exactly ! same k9d ) !m1 & :i* !re is j ! same gr\nd to suspect2 or to attempt to prove ! tru? ( our faculties1 :i* c no o!rwise be prov$1 ?an by ! use or means ( ^? v suspect$ faculties !mselves4#cje ,,diss]tation ,,ii4 ,! ,nature ( ,virtue4 ,t :i* r5d]s be+s capable ( moral gov]nm5t1 is _! hav+ a moral nature1 & moral faculties ( p]ception & ( action4 ,brute creatures are impress$ & actuat$ by v>i\s in/9cts & prop5sions3 s also are we4 ,b additional to ?is1 we h a capacity ( reflect+ ^u actions & *>act]s1 & mak+ !m an object to our ?\ght3 & on do+ ?is1 we naturally & unavoidably approve "s actions1 "u ! peculi> view ( _! be+ virtu\s & ( good des]t2 & disapprove o!rs1 z vici\s & ( ill des]t4 ,t we h ?is moral approv+ & disapprov+#cjf faculty1 is c]ta9 f our exp]i5c+ x 9 ourselves1 & recognis+ x 9 ea* o!r4 ,x appe>s f our ex]cis+ x unavoidably1 9 ! approbation & disapprobation ev5 ( feign$ *>act]s2 f ! words "r & wrong1 odi\s & amiable1 base & wor?y1 ) _m o!rs ( l signification 9 all languages appli$ to actions & *>act]s3 f ! _m writt5 sy/ems ( morals :i* suppose x1 s9ce x _c be imag9$1 t all ^! au?ors1 ?r\gh\t all ^! treatises1 _h absolutely no mean+ at all to _! words1 or a mean+ m]ely *im]ical3 f our natural s5se ( gratitude1 :i*1 implies a di/9ction betwe5 m]ely be+ ! in/rum5t ( good1 & int5d+ x3 f ! di/9ction e "o makes betwe5 injury & m]e h>m1 :i*1 ,hobbes says1 is peculi> to mank9d2 & betwe5 injury & j puni%m5t1 a di/9ction pla9ly natural1 prior to ! consid]ation ( human laws4 ,x is manife/ t great "p ( common language1 & ( common behavior ov] ! _w1 is =m$ ^u supposition ( su* a moral faculty2 :e!r call$ consci5ce1 moral reason1 moral s5se1 or div9e reason2 :e!r consid]$ z a s5tim5t ( ! und]/&+1 or z a p]ception ( ! he>t2 or1 :i* seems ! tru?1 z includ+ bo?4 ,nor is x at all d\btful 9 ! g5]al1 :at c\rse ( action ?is faculty1 or practical disc]n+ p[] )9 u1 approves & :at x disapproves4 ,=1 z mu* z x has be5 disput$ :]e9 virtue consi/s1 or :atev] gr\nd = d\bt !re may be ab\t p>ticul>s2 yet1 9 g5]al1 !re is 9 reality a univ]sally ackn[l$g$ /&>d ( x4 ,x is t1 :i* all ages & all c\ntries h made pr(ession ( 9 public3 x is t1 :i* e man y meet puts on ! %[ (3 x is t1 :i* ! prim>y & fundam5tal laws ( all civil con/itutions ov] ! face ( ! e>? make x _! bus9ess & endeavor to en=ce ! practice ( ^u mank9d3 namely1 ju/ice1 v]acity1 & reg>d to common good4 ,x be+ manife/ !n1 9 g5]al1 t we h su* a faculty or disc]nm5t z ?is1 x may be ( use to rem>k "s ?+s m di/9ctly conc]n+ x4 ,fir/1 ,x ought to be obs]v$1 t ! object ( ?is faculty is actions1#cjg compreh5d+ "u t "n active or practical pr9ciples3 ^? pr9ciples f :i* m5 w\ld act1 if occasions & circum/ances gave !m p[]2 & :i*1 :5 fix$ & habitual 9 any p]son1 we call 8 "*4 ,x does n appe>1 t brutes h ! lea/ reflex s5se ( actions1 z di/+ui%$ f ev5ts3 or t w & design1 :i* con/itute ! v nature ( actions z su*1 are at all an object to _! p]ception4 ,b to ours !y are3 & !y are ! object1 & ! only "o1 ( ! approv+ & disapprov+ faculty4 ,act+1 conduct1 behavior1 ab/ract$ f all reg>d to :at is 9 fact & ev5t ! consequ5ce ( x1 is itself ! natural object ( ! moral disc]nm5t2 z speculative tru? & falsehood is ( speculative reason4 ,int5tion ( su* & su* consequ5ces1 is inde$1 always includ$2 = x is "p ( ! action itself3 b ?\gh ! int5d$ good or bad consequ5ces d n foll[1 we h exactly ! same s5se ( ! action1 z if !y did4 ,9 l mann] we ?9k well or ill ( *>act]s1 ab/ract$ f all consid]ation ( ! good or ! evil1 :i* p]sons ( su* *>act]s h x actually 9 _! p[] to d4 ,we nev]1 9 ! moral way1 applaud or blame ei!r ourselves or o!rs1 = :at we enjoy or :at we suff]1 or = hav+ impressions made ^u u1 :i* we consid] z altoge!r out ( our p[]3 b only = :at we d or w\ld h done1 _h x be5 9 our p[]3 or = :at we leave undone1 :i* we might h done1 or w\ld h left undone1 ?\gh we c\ld h done4 ,secondly1 ,our s5se or disc]nm5t ( actions z morally good or evil1 implies 9 x a s5se or disc]nm5t ( !m z ( good or ill des]t4 ,x may be difficult to expla9 ?is p]ception1 s z to answ] all ! que/ions :i* may be ask$ conc]n+ x3 b e "o speaks ( su* & su* actions z des]v+ puni%m5t2 & x is n1 ,i suppose1 pret5d$1 t !y h absolutely no mean+ at all to ! expression4 ,n[ ! mean+ pla9ly is n1 t we conceive x = ! good ( society1 t ! do] ( su* actions %\ld be made to suff]4 ,= if1 unhappily1 x 7 resolv$1 t a man1 :o by "s innoc5t action1 0 infect$ ) ! plague1 %\ld be left to p]i%1 le/1 by o!r p's com+ ne> him1 ! infection %\ld spread2 no "o w\ld say he des]v$ ?is treatm5t4 ,innoc5ce & ill des]t are inconsi/5t ideas4 ,ill des]t always supposes guilt3 & if "o be no "p ( ! o!r1 yet !y are evid5tly & naturally connect$ 9 our m9d4 ,! sight ( a man 9 mis]y raises our compassion t[>ds him2 & if ?is mis]y be inflict$ on him by ano!r1 our indignation aga9/ ! au?or ( x4 ,b :5 we are in=m$1 t ! suff]] is a villa91 & is puni%$ only = 8 trea*]y or cruelty2 our compassion exce$+ly less5s1 & 9 _m in/ances our indignation :olly subsides4 ,n[ :at produces ?is effect is ! conception ( t 9 ! suff]]1 :i* we call ill des]t4 ,^u consid]+ !n1 or view+ toge!r1 our notion ( vice & t ( mis]y1 !re results a ?ird1 t ( ill des]t4 ,& ?us !re is 9 human creatures an association ( ! two ideas1 natural & moral evil1 wick$ness & puni%m5t4 ,if ?is association 7 m]ely artificial or accid5tal1 x 7 no?+3 b be+ mo/ unque/ionably natural1 x greatly conc]ns u to att5d to x1 in/ead ( endeavor+ to expla9 x away4 ,x may be obs]v$ fur!r1 conc]n+ our p]ception ( good & ( ill des]t1 t ! =m] is v weak ) respect to common in/ances ( virtue4 ,"o reason ( :i* may be1 t x does n appe> to a spectator1 h[ f> su* in/ances ( virtue proce$ f a virtu\s pr9ciple1 or 9 :at degree ?is pr9ciple is preval5t3 s9ce a v weak reg>d to virtue may be suffici5t to make m5 act well 9 _m common in/ances4 ,on ! o!r h&1 our p]ception ( ill des]t 9 vici\s actions less5s1 9 proportion to ! temptations m5 are ?\ght to h _h to su* vices4 ,=1 vice 9 human creatures consi/+ *iefly 9 ! abs5ce or want ( ! virtu\s pr9ciple2 ?\gh a man be ov]come1 suppose by tortures1 x does n f !nce appe> to :at degree ! virtu\s pr9ciple 0 want+4 ,all t appe>s is1 t he _h x n 9 su* a degree1 z to prevail ov] ! temptation2 b possibly he _h x 9 a degree1 :i* w\ld h r5d]$ him pro( aga9/ common temptations4 ,?irdly1 ,our p]ception ( vice & ill des]t arises f1 & is ! result (1 a comp>ison ( actions ) ! nature & capacities ( ! ag5t4 ,= ! m]e neglect ( do+ :at we ought to d1 w\ld1 9 _m cases1 be det]m9$ by all m5 to be 9 ! highe/ degree vici\s4 ,?is det]m9ation mu/ arise f su* comp>ison1 & be ! result ( x2 because su* neglect w\ld n be vici\s 9 creatures ( o!r natures & capacities1 z brutes4 ,x is ! same also ) respect to positive vices1 or su* z consi/ 9 do+ :at we ought n4 ,= e "o has a diff]5t s5se ( h>m done by an idiot1 madman1 or *ild1 & by "o ( mature & common und]/&+2 ?\gh ! action ( bo?1 includ+ ! int5tion1 :i* is "p ( ! action1 be ! same3 z x may be1 s9ce idiots & madm51 z well z *ildr51 are capable n only ( do+ mis*ief b also ( int5d+ x4 ,n[ ?is diff]5ce mu/ arise f some:at disc]n$ 9 ! nature or capacities ( "o1 :i* r5d]s ! action vici\s2 & ! want ( :i*1 9 ! o!r1 r5d]s ! same action innoc5t or less vici\s3 & ?is pla9ly supposes a comp>ison1 :e!r reflect$ ^u or n1 betwe5 ! action & capacities ( ! ag5t1 previ\s to our det]m9+ an action to be vici\s4 ,h5ce arises a prop] application ( ! epi!ts1 incongru\s1 unsuitable1 disproportionate1 unfit1 to actions :i* our moral faculty det]m9es to be vici\s4 ,f\r?ly1 ,x des]ves to be consid]$1 :e!r m5 are m at lib]ty1 9 po9t ( morals1 to make !mselves mis]able )\t reason1 ?an to make o!r p s3 or dissolutely to neglect _! own great] good1 = ! sake ( a pres5t less] gratification1 ?an !y are to neglect ! good ( o!rs1 :om nature has committ$ to _! c>e4 ,x w\ld seem1 t a due conc]n ab\t our own int]e/ or happ9ess1 & a reasonable endeavor to secure & promote x1 7:i* is1 ,i ?9k1 v mu* ! mean+ ( ! ^w prud5ce1 9 our language27 x w\ld seem1 t ?is is virtue1 & ! contr>y behavior faulty & blamable2 s9ce1 9 ! calme/ way ( reflection1 we approve ( ! fir/1 & condemn ! o!r conduct1 bo? 9 ourselves & o!rs4 ,?is approbation & disapprobation are altoge!r diff]5t f m]e desire ( our own1 or ( _! happ9ess1 & f sorr[ ^u miss+ x4 ,= ! object or occasion ( ?is la/ k9d ( p]ception is satisfaction or uneas9ess3 :]eas ! object ( ! fir/ is active behavior4 ,9 "o case1 :at our ?\ghts fix ^u is our condition3 9 ! o!r1 our conduct4 ,x is true inde$1 t nature has n giv5 u s s5sible a disapprobation ( imprud5ce & folly1 ei!r 9 ourselves or o!rs1 z ( falsehood1 inju/ice1 & cruelty3 ,i suppose1 because t con/ant habitual s5se ( private int]e/ & good1 :i* we always c>ry ab\t ) u1 r5d]s su* s5sible disapprobation less necess>y1 less want+1 to keep u f imprud5tly neglect+ our own happ9ess1 & fooli%ly injur+ ourselves1 ?an x is necess>y & want+ to keep u f injur+ o!rs2 to ^: good we _c h s /rong & con/ant a reg>d3 & also because imprud5ce & folly1 appe>+ to br+ its own puni%m5t m imm$iately & con/antly ?an injuri\s behavior1 x less ne$s ! additional puni%m5t1 :i* w\ld be inflict$ ^u x by o!rs1 _h !y ! same s5sible indignation aga9/ x1 z aga9/ inju/ice1 & fraud1 & cruelty4 ,besides1 unhapp9ess be+ 9 itself ! natural object ( compassion1 ! unhapp9ess :i* p br+ ^u !mselves1 ?\gh x be wilfully1 excites 9 u "s pity = !m2 & ?is ( c\rse less5s our displeasure aga9/ !m4 ,/ill x is matt] ( exp]i5ce1 t we are =m$ s z to reflect v sev]ely ^u ! great] in/ances ( imprud5t neglect & fooli% ra%ness1 bo? 9 ourselves & o!rs4 ,9 in/ances ( ?is k9d1 m5 (t5 say ( !mselves ) remorse1 & ( o!rs ) "s indignation1 t !y des]v$ to suff] su* calamities1 because !y br\ght !m ^u !mselves1 & w\ld n take w>n+4 ,p>ticul>ly :5 p]sons come to pov]ty & di/ress by a long c\rse ( extravagance1 & aft] frequ5t admonitions1 ?\gh )\t falsehood or inju/ice2 we pla9ly1 d n reg>d su* p z alike objects ( compassion ) ^?1 :o are br\ght into ! same condition by unavoidable accid5ts4 ,f ^! ?+s x appe>s1 t prud5ce is a species ( virtue1 & folly ( vice3 mean+ by folly1 some?+ q diff]5t f m]e incapacity2 a ?\ghtless want ( t reg>d & att5tion to our own happ9ess1 :i* we _h capacity =4 ,& ?is ! ^w prop]ly includes2 &1 z x seems1 9 its usual acceptation3 = we sc>cely apply x to brute creatures4 ,h[ev]1 if any p]son be dispos$ to dispute ! matt]1 ,i %all v will+ly give him up ! words virtue & vice1 z n applicable to prud5ce & folly3 b mu/ insi/1 t ! faculty )9 u1 :i* is ! judge ( actions1 approves ( prud5t actions1 & disapproves imprud5t ones3 ,i say prud5t & imprud5t actions z su*1 & consid]$ di/9ctly f ! happ9ess or mis]y :i* !y occasion4 ,& by ! way1 ?is obs]vation may help to det]m9e :at ju/ness !re is 9 ! objection aga9/ religion1 t x tea*es u to be int]e/$ & selfi%4 ,fif?ly1 ,)\t inquir+ h[ f>1 & 9 :at s5se1 virtue is resolvable into b5evol5ce1 & vice into ! want ( x2 x may be prop] to obs]ve1 t b5evol5ce1 & ! want ( x1 s+ly consid]$1 are 9 no sort ! :ole1 ( virtue & vice4 ,= if ?is 7 ! case1 9 ! review ( "o's own "*1 or t ( o!rs1 our moral und]/&+ & moral s5se w\ld be indiff]5t to e ?+1 b ! degrees 9 :i* b5evol5ce prevail$1 & ! degrees 9 :i* x 0 want+4 ,t is1 we %\ld nei!r approve ( b5evol5ce to "s p]sons r ?an to o!rs1 nor disapprove inju/ice & falsehood ^u any o!r acc\nt1 ?an m]ely z an ov]balance ( happ9ess 0 =ese5 likely to be produc$ by ! fir/1 & ( mis]y by ! second4 ,on ! contr>y1 suppose two m5 competitors = any ?+ :atev]1 :i* w\ld be ( equal advantage to ea* ( !m2 ?\gh no?+ inde$ w\ld be m imp]t95t1 ?an = a /rang] to busy himself to get "o ( !m pref]r$ to ! o!r2 yet su* endeavor w\ld be virtue1 9 behalf ( a fri5d or b5efactor1 ab/ract$ f all consid]ation ( di/ant consequ5ces3 z t examples ( gratitude1 & ! cultivation ( fri5d%ip1 w\ld be ( g5]al good to ! _w4 ,aga91 suppose "o man %\ld1 by fraud or viol5ce1 take f ano!r ! fruit ( 8 labor1 ) int5t to give x to a ?ird1 :o he ?\ght w\ld h z mu* pleasure f x z w\ld balance ! pleasure :i* ! fir/ possessor w\ld h _h 9 ! enjoym5t1 & 8 vexation 9 ! loss ( x2 suppose also t no bad consequ5ces w\ld foll[3 yet su* an action w\ld surely be vici\s4 ,nay fur!r1 7 trea*]y1 viol5ce1 & inju/ice1 no o!rwise vici\s1 ?an z =ese5 likely to produce an ov]balance ( mis]y to society2 !n1 if 9 any case a man c\ld procure to himself z great advantage by an act ( inju/ice1 z ! :ole =ese5 inconv5i5ce1 likely to be br\ght ^u o!rs by x1 w\ld am\nt to2 su* a piece ( inju/ice w\ld n be faulty or vici\s at all3 because x w\ld be no m ?an1 9 any o!r case1 = a man to pref] 8 own satisfaction to ano!r's1 9 equal degrees4 ,! fact1 !n1 appe>s to be1 t we are con/itut$ s z to condemn falsehood1 unprovok$ viol5ce1 inju/ice1 & to approve ( b5evol5ce to "s pref]ably to o!rs1 ab/ract$ f all consid]ation1 :i* conduct is likelie/ to produce an ov]balance ( happ9ess or mis]y4 ,!re=e1 7 ! ,au?or ( nature to propose no?+ to himself z an end b ! production ( happ9ess1 7 8 moral "* m]ely t ( b5evol5ce2 yet ours is n s4 ,^u t supposition inde$1 ! only reason ( 8 giv+ u ! above m5tion$ approbation ( b5evol5ce to "s p]sons r ?an o!rs1 & disapprobation ( falsehood1 unprovok$ viol5ce1 & inju/ice1 mu/ be1 t he =esaw ?is con/itution ( our nature w\ld produce m happ9ess1 ?an =m+ u ) a temp] ( m]e g5]al b5evol5ce4 ,b /ill1 s9ce ?is is our con/itution1 falsehood1 viol5ce1 inju/ice1 mu/ be vice 9 u2 & b5evol5ce to "s1 pref]ably to o!rs1 virtue2 ab/ract$ f all consid]ation ( ! ov]balance ( evil or good1 :i* !y may appe> likely to produce4 ,n[ if human creatures are endu$ ) su* a moral nature z we h be5 expla9+1 or ) a moral faculty1 ! natural object ( :i* is actions3 moral gov]nm5t mu/ consi/ 9 r5d]+ !m happy & unhappy1 9 rew>d+ & puni%+ !m1 z !y foll[1 neglect1 or dep>t f1 ! moral rule ( action int]wov5 9 _! nature1 or sugge/$ & en=c$ by ?is moral faculty2#cjh 9 rew>d+ & puni%+ !m ^u acc\nt ( _! s do+4 ,i am n s5sible t ,i h1 9 ?is fif? obs]vation1 contradict$ :at any au?or design$ to ass]t4 ,b "s ( great & di/+ui%$ m]it1 h1 ,i ?9k1 express$ !mselves 9 a mann]1 :i* may occasion "s dang]1 to c>eless read]s1 ( imag9+ ! :ole ( virtue to consi/ 9 s+ly aim+1 accord+ to ! be/ ( _! judgm5t1 at promot+ ! happ9ess ( mank9d 9 ! pres5t /ate2 & ! :ole ( vice1 9 do+ :at !y =esee1 or might =esee1 is likely to produce an ov]balance ( unhapp9ess 9 x3 ?an :i* mi/akes1 none c be conceiv$ m t]rible4 ,= x is c]ta91 t "s ( ! mo/ %ock+ in/ances ( inju/ice1 adult]y1 murd]1 p]jury1 & ev5 ( p]secution1 may1 9 _m supposable cases1 n h ! appe>ance ( be+ likely to produce an ov]balance ( mis]y 9 ! pres5t /ate2 p]haps sometimes may h ! contr>y appe>ance4 ,?is reflection might easily be c>ri$ on1 b ,i =be>4 ,! happ9ess ( ! _w is ! conc]n ( ,him :o is ! "l & ! proprietor ( x3 nor d we "k :at we are ab\t1 :5 we endeavor to promote ! good ( mank9d 9 any ways1 b ^? :i* he has direct$2 t is inde$ 9 all ways n contr>y to v]acity & ju/ice4 ,i speak ?us ^u supposition ( p]sons really endeavor+1 9 "s sort1 to d good )\t reg>d to ^!4 ,b ! tru? seems to be2 t su* suppos$ endeavors proce$1 almo/ always1 f ambition1 ! _s ( p>ty1 or "s indirect pr9ciple1 conceal$ p]haps 9 great measure f p]sons !mselves4 ,& ?\gh x is our bus9ess & our duty to endeavor1 )9 ! b\nds ( v]acity & ju/ice1 to contribute to ! ease1 conv5i5ce1 & ev5 *e]fulness & div]sion ( our fell[-creatures3 yet1 f our %ort views1 x is greatly unc]ta91 :e!r ?is endeavor w1 9 p>ticul> in/ances1 produce an ov]balance ( happ9ess ^u ! :ole2 s9ce s _m & di/ant ?+s mu/ come into ! acc\nt4 ,& t :i* makes x our duty is1 t !re is "s appe>ance t x w1 & no positive appe>ance suffici5t to balance ?is1 on ! contr>y side2 & also1 t su* b5evol5t endeavor is a cultivation ( t mo/ excell5t ( all virtu\s pr9ciples1 ! active pr9ciple ( b5evol5ce4 ,h[ev]1 ?\gh v]acity1 z well z ju/ice1 is to be our rule ( life2 x mu/ be add$1 o!rwise a sn>e w be laid 9 ! way ( "s pla9 m51 t ! use ( common =ms ( spee*1 g5]ally und]/ood1 _c be falsehood2 & 9 g5]al1 t !re c be no design$ falsehood1 )\t design+ to deceive4 ,x mu/ likewise be obs]v$1 t 9 numb]less cases1 a man may be "u ! /ricte/ obligations to :at he =esees w deceive1 )\t 8 int5d+ x4 ,= x is impossible n to =esee1 t ! words & actions ( m51 9 diff]5t ranks & employm5ts1 & ( diff]5t educations1 w p]petually be mi/ak5 by ea* o!r4 ,& x _c b be s1 :ile !y w judge ) ! utmo/ c>elessness1 z !y daily d1 ( :at !y are n1 p]haps1 en\gh in=m$ to be compet5t judges (1 ev5 ?\gh !y consid]$ x ) great att5tion4 ,,footnotes #a ,among ^! 7 ,jones1 au?or ( ! admirable ,treatise on ! ,canon ( ! ,new ,te/am5t3 ,l>dn]1 ,maddox1 ,*&l]1 ,ar*bi%op ,seck]1 c4 #b ,s]mon at ,spittle1 on ,abraham's trial4 #c ,among !m 7 ,,cudwor?1 born #afag2 8,intel4 ,sy/4 ( ! ,univ]se30 ,,boyle1 #afbf2 8,?+s above ,reason30 ,,/ill+fleet1 #afce2 8,lett]s to a ,dei/30 ,sir ,i4 ,,newton1 #afdb2 8,obs]vations on ,prophecy30 ,,leslie1 #afej2 8,%ort ,me?od ) ,dei/s30 ,,l[?1 #affa1 ,v9dic4 ( ! ,div9e ,au?or ( ! ,bible3 ,,k+1 #affi2 8,orig9 ( ,evil30 ,,sam4 ,,cl>k1 #afge2 8,evid5ces ( ,nat4 & ,rev4 ,religion30 ,,wat]l&1 #afhc2 8,scripture ,v9dicat$30 ,,l>dn]1 #afhd2 8,cr$ibility ( ,gospel ,hi/ory30 ,,lel&1 #afia2 8,view ( ,dei/ical ,writ]s10 & 8,advantage & ,necessity ( ,rev430 ,,*&l]1 #afic2 8,def9ition ( ,*ri/ianity10 on 8,prophecy10 c43 ,,w>burton1 #afih2 8,div9e ,leg4 ( ,moses20 ,bi%op ,,newton1 #agjd2 8,on ! ,prophecies30 ,,watson1 #agcg2 8,apology = ,*ri/ianity10 7aga9/ ,gibbon17 & also 8,apology = ! ,bible10 7aga9/ ,pa9e47 #d ,,mc9to%3 8,progress ( ,e?ical ,philosophy40 #e ,,br\gham3 8,disc4 on ,nat4 ,!ology40 #f ,v]isimile4 #g ,^! ?ree ways ( be+ 8l10 are v di/9ct f ea* o!r4 ,! fir/ is equival5t to a logical induction4 ,! second produces belief1 because ! same evid5ce made u believe 9 a simil> case4 ,! ?ird is j an analogy1 9 ! popul> s5se ( ! t]m4 #h ,! /ory is told by ,mr4 ,locke 9 ! ,*apt] ( ,probability4 #i ,?is is good common s5se1 & m5 always act ?us if prud5t4 ,b x is n en\gh ?us to act 9 ! matt] ( salvation4 8,he t believe? n %all be damn$30 ,m>k xvi4 #af4 8,he t believe? ha? ev]la/+ life30 ,john iii4 #cf4 8,) ! he>t man believe? unto righte\sness30 ,rom4 x4 #aj4 ,belief is "p ( ! s9n]'s duty 9 submitt+ himself to ,god2 & n m]ely a "q ( prud5ce4 #aj ,see ,"p ,,ii4 *ap4 vi4 #aa ,philocal4 p4 #bc1 ,ed4 ,cant4 #ab ,"s ( ^! speculations1 c>ri$ to ! full measure ( absurdity & impiety1 may be f\nd 9 ,bayle's great 8,hi/orical & ,critical ,diction>y40 ,see z in/ances1 ! articles ,,orig51 ,,mani*,,u1 ,,paulicians4 #ac ,*4 i4 #ad ,*4 ii4 #ae ,*4 iii4 #af ,*4 iv4 #ag ,*4 v4 #ah ,*4 vi4 #ai ,*4 vii4 #bj ,"p ,,ii4 ,*4 i4 #ba ,*4 ii4 #bb ,*4 iii4 #bc ,*4 iv4 #bd ,*4 v4 #be ,*4 vi4 vii4 #bf ,*4 viii4 #bg ,?is *apt] ,dr4 ,*alm]s reg>ds z ! lea/ satisfactory 9 ! book3 n because lack+ 9 j analogies1 b because infect$ ) ! obscure metaphysics ( t age4 ,8 reason+1 h[ev]1 only s]ves to %[ t ,b4 has p]haps made too mu* ( ! argum5t f ! indivisibility ( consci\sness2 & by no means t he does n fairly use x4 ,we c]ta9ly _c object t ! subject ( id5tity is n made pla94 ,:o has expla9$ id5tity1 or motion1 or cohesion1 or cry/allization1 or any ?+8 ,locke goes squ>ely at ! subject ( p]sonal id5tity1 7see ,essay1 *4 #bg17 b has r5d]$ u small aid4 ,8 def9ition is1 8,exi/5ce itself1 :i* det]m9es a be+ ( any sort1 to a p>ticul> "t & place1 incommunicable to two be+s ( ! same k9d40 ,i _h r def9e x 8! un9t]rupt$ cont9uance ( be+40 ,:at ceases to exi/1 _c aga9 exi/3 = !n x w\ld exi/ aft] x _h ceas$ to exi/1 & w\ld h exi/$ be=e x exi/$4 ,locke makes consci\sness to con/itute id5tity1 & argues t a man & a p]son are n ! same2 & t h5ce if ,i kill a man1 b 0 n consci\s ( :at ,i did1 or h utt]ly =gott51 ,i am n ! same p]son4 ,watts %[s up ?is notion ( ,locke v ludicr\sly4 ,butl]1 9 8 8,diss]tation10 urges t consci\sness presupposes id5tity1 z k presupposes tru?4 ,on ,locke's !ory1 no p]son w\ld h exi/$ any e>li] ?an ! p]iod to :i* 8 memory ext5ds4 ,we _c suppose ! s\l made up ( _m consci\snesses1 nor c\ld memory1 if mat]ial1 spread itself ov] successive ye>s ( life4 #bh ,i say k9d ( presumption or probability2 = ,i d n mean to affirm t !re is ! same degree ( conviction1 t our liv+ p[]s w cont9ue aft] dea?1 z !re is1 t our sub/ances w4 #bi ,de/ruction ( liv+ p[]s1 is a mann] ( expression unavoidably ambigu\s2 & may signify ei!r ! de/ruction ( a liv+ be+1 s z t ! same liv+ be+ %all be incapable ( ev] p]ceiv+ or act+ aga9 at all2 or ! de/ruction ( ^? means & in/rum5ts by :i* x is capable ( its pres5t life1 ( its pres5t /ate ( p]ception & ( action4 ,x is "h us$ 9 ! =m] s5se4 ,:5 x is us$ 9 ! latt]1 ! epi!t pres5t is add$4 ,! loss ( a man's eye is a de/ruction ( liv+ p[]s 9 ! latt] s5se4 ,b we h no reason to ?9k ! de/ruction ( liv+ p[]s1 9 ! =m] s5se1 to be possible4 ,we h no m reason to ?9k a be+ endu$ ) liv+ p[]s1 ev] loses !m dur+ its :ole exi/5ce1 ?an to believe t a /one ev] acquires !m4 #cj ,! next p>agraph indicates t ,butl] does n1 z ,*alm]s ?9ks1 consid] ?is argum5t z 8h&+ u ov] to an absolute demon/ration40 ,x j places all argum5ts = & aga9/ ! s\l's future life1 9 t balanc$ condition1 :i* leaves u to le>n ! fact f revelation1 free f presumptions aga9/ its tru?4 ,?is view ( ! case entirely relieves ! objection z to ! future life ( brutes2 & %[s h[ entirely we mu/ rely on revelation1 z to ! future1 bo? ( man & bea/4 #ca ,dodwell _h publi%$ a book1 9 :i* he argues t human s\ls are n naturally immortal1 b become s1 by ! p[] ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 9 reg5]ation4 ,dr4 ,cl>ke repli$4 ,! controv]sy 0 cont9u$ by ,coll9s4 ,dr4 ,c4 wrote f\r tracts on ! subject4 ,^! 8presumptions0 =m ! base ( mat]ialism1 & h5ce ! d5ial ( a future /ate4 ,surely1 ?\ghts & feel+s1 if mat]ial1 h ext5sion4 ,b c any "o conceive ( love a foot long1 or ang] an in* ?ick8 ,h[ sup]ior to ! gloomy mi/s ( mod]n infidels h ev5 pagans be56 ,cic]o makes ,cato say1 8,! s\l is a simple1 uncomp\nd$ sub/ance1 )\t p>ts or mixture3 x _c be divid$1 & s _c p]i%40 ,& 9 ano!r place1 8,i nev] c\ld believe t ! s\l lo/ its s5ses by escap+ f s5seless matt]2 or t su* a release w n enl>ge & improve its p[]s20 & aga91 8,i am p]suad$ t ,i %all only beg9 truly to live1 :5 ,i cease to live 9 ?is _w10 ,x5ophon reports ,cyrus z say+1 9 8 la/ mom5ts1 8,o my sons6 d n imag9e t :5 dea? has tak5 me f y1 ,i %all cease to exi/40 #cb ,see ,dr4 ,cl>ke's ,lett] to ,mr4 ,dodwell1 & ! def5ces ( x4 #cc ,z e p>ticle ( our bodies is *ang$ )9 sev5 ye>s1 an av]age life w\ld take u ?r\gh _m su* *anges4 ,if ! m9d *anges ) ! body1 x w\ld be unju/ = an old man to be made to suff] = ! s9s ( 8 y\?4 ,to escape ?is1 ! mat]iali/ is driv5 to affirm t ! :ole is n alt]$1 ?\gh e p>ticle be *ang$4 ,?is argum5t f ! con/ant flux is irresi/ible4 ,x proves our id5tity1 & t matt] & m9d are n ! same4 ,does x n also de/roy all presumption t ! ,ego _c exi/ )\t ?is p>ticul> body8 #cd ,see ,diss]tation ,i4 #ce ,! m9d affects ! body1 z mu* z ! body does ! m9d4 ,love1 ang]1 c4 quick5 ! circulation2 fe> *ecks x2 t]ror may /op x altoge!r4 ,mania is z (t5 produc$ by moral1 z by physical causes1 & h5ce ( late moral means are resort$ to = cure4 ,! bra9 ( a maniac1 seldom %[s1 on dissection1 any d]angem5t4 ,b ?is does n prove t !re 0 no functional d]angem5t4 #cf 8,s4 ,:at %all we say1 !n1 ( ! %oemak]8 ,t he cuts ) 8 in/rum5t only1 or ) 8 h&s also8 ,a4 ,) 8 h&s also4 ,s4 ,does he use 8 eyes also1 9 mak+ %oes8 ,a4 ,yes4 ,s4 ,b are we agre$ t he :o uses1 & :at he uses1 are diff]5t8 ,a4 ,yes4 ,s4 ,! %oemak]1 !n1 & h>p]1 are diff]5t f ! h&s & eyes !y use8 ,a4 ,x appe>s s4 ,s4 ,does a man !n use 8 :ole body8 ,a4 ,c]ta9ly4 ,s4 ,b he :o uses1 & t :i* he uses are diff]5t4 ,a4 ,yes4 ,s4 ,a man !n is some?+ diff]5t f 8 own body40 ,,plat4 ,,alcibi4 ,,prim4 p4 #abi1 ,d4 ,/allb4 ,ed4 8,x may easily be p]ceiv$ t ! m9d bo? sees & he>s1 & n ^? p>ts :i* are1 s to speak1 w9d[s ( ! m9d40 8,nei!r are we bodies2 nor d ,i1 :ile speak+ ?is to !e1 speak to ?y body40 8,:atev] is done by ?y m9d1 is done by !e40 ,,cic]o1 ,tusc4 ,disput4 ,i4 #bj1 #df & #bb1 #eb4 8,! m9d ( ea* man is ! man2 n t figure :i* may be po9t$ out ) ! f+]40 ,,cic41 de ,rep4 b4 #f1 s4 #bd4 #cg ,butl]'s argum5t1 if advanc$ = pro( w\ld prove too mu*1 n only z to brutes b z to man2 = x w\ld prove pre-exi/5ce4 ,& ?is is really ! t5et1 7i4e4 transmigration17 ( ^? :o arrive at ! doctr9e ( immortality only by philosophy4 ,philosophy _c e/abli% ! doctr9e ( a future /ate1 nor c x af=d any presumptions aga9/ ei!r a future or a pre-exi/5t /ate4 ,no?+ is ga9$ by insi/+ t reason tea*es ! true doctr9e ( ! s\l2 any m ?an !re w\ld be by insi/+ t by x we le>n$ ! doctr9e ( a tr9ity1 or atonem5t4 ,philosophy does tea* t ,he :o c create1 "u inf9ite div]sity ( =ms1 c su/a9 exi/5ce1 9 any mode he pleases4 ,! read] :o *ooses to look fur!r into ! discussion z to ! immortality ( brutes1 w f9d x spread out 9 ,,polignac',s ,anti-,lucretius1 & /ill m 9 ,,bayle',s ,diction>y1 "u ! articles ,,p]eira1 & ,,ror>ius4 ,! topic is also discuss$ 9 ,,des ,,c>tes on ! ,passions3 ,,baxt] on ,! ,nature ( ! ,s\l3 ,,hume',s ,essays1 ,essay #i3 ,,se>*',s ,light ( ,nature3 ,,*eyne',s ,philosophical ,pr9ciples3 ,,wag/aff on ! ,immortality ( ,brutes3 ,,edw>ds' ,critical & ,philosophical ,ex]citations3 ,,watt',s ,essays1 ,essay #i3 ,,collib]',s ,enquiry3 ,,locke on ! ,und]/&+1 b4 #b1 *4 ix43 ,,ditton on ! ,resurrection3 ,,willis ,de ,anima ,brut4 #ch ,x is z absurd to suppose t a bra9 ?9ks1 z t an eye sees1 or a f+] feels4 ,! eye no m sees1 ?an ! telescope or spectacles4 ,if ! n]ve be p>alyz$1 !re is no vision1 ?\gh ! eye be p]fect4 ,a few words spok5 or read1 may at once deprive ( sight1 or knock a p]son d[n4 ,! m9d sometimes survives ! body4 ,swift1 utt]ly helpless f palsy1 reta9$ 8 faculties4 ,9 "s1 ! body survives ! m9d4 ,,morgagni1 ,,hall]1 ,,bonnet1 & o!rs1 h prov$ t !re is no "p ( ! bra91 n ev5 ! p9eal gl&1 :i* has n be5 f\nd de/roy$ by disease1 :]e !re _h be5 no halluc9ation ( m9d1 nor any suspicion ( su* disease1 dur+ life4 #ci ,pp4 #hd1 #he4 #dj ,we are told by sceptics t 8m9d is ! result ( a curi\s & complicat$ organization40 ,a m]e jumble ( words6 ,b 7 ! m9d mat]ial1 !re is no evid5ce t dea? w\ld de/roy x3 = we d n see t dea? has any p[] ov] matt]4 ,! body rema9s ! v same z x does 9 a swoon1 till *emical *anges beg94 #da ,!re are ?ree di/9ct que/ions1 relat+ to a future life1 "h consid]$3 ,:e!r dea? be ! de/ruction ( liv+ ag5ts2 if n1 ,:e!r x be ! de/ruction ( _! pres5t p[]s ( reflection1 z x c]ta9ly is ! de/ruction ( _! pres5t p[]s ( s5sation2 & if n1 ,:e!r x be ! susp5sion1 or discont9uance ( ! ex]cise ( ^! pres5t reflect+ p[]s4 ,n[1 if !re be no reason to believe ! la/1 !re w be1 if t 7 possible1 less = ! next1 & less /ill = ! fir/4 #db ,?is1 accord+ to ,/rabo1 0 ! op9ion ( ! ,bra*mans1 1 1 1 ,lib4 xv4 p4 #ajci1 ,ed4 ,am/4 #agjg4 8,= !y ?9k t ! pres5t life is l t ( ^? :o are j ready to be born2 & t dea? is a bir? into ! real life1 & a happy "o to ^? :o h practis$ philosophy40 ,to :i* op9ion p]haps ,anton9us may allude 9 ^! words1 1 1 1 4 ,lib4 ix4 c4 #c4 ,z ?is la/ passage may1 by "s1 be ?\ght indelicate1 x is left untranslat$4 #dc ,! increase ( a =ce 9 any direction1 _c ( itself *ange t direction4 ,an arr[ %ot f a b[1 t[>ds an object1 does n aim at "s o!r object1 by be+ %ot ) m =ce4 #dd ,our nature w always be ours1 or we %\ld cease to be ourselves1 & become some?+ else4 ,& ?is nature is social4 ,e "o feels1 at lea/ sometimes1 t he is n complete 9 himself = ! production ( happ9ess2 & s looks r\nd = t :i* may fit 8 wants1 & supply :at he _c produce f )94 ,h5ce amusem5ts1 ( a ?\s& k9ds1 are resort$ to1 & /ill m1 society4 ,society is a want ( ! m9d2 z food is ( ! body4 ,society1 su* z p]fectly suits our real nature1 & calls out1 9 a "r mann]1 its e attribute1 w\ld secure our p]fect happ9ess4 ,b ,su* society mu/ include ,god4 #de ,see ,"p ,,ii4 *ap4 ii4 & ,"p ,,ii4 *ap4 iv4 #df ,objections & difficulties belong to all subjects1 9 "s ( _! be>+s4 ,+5i\s & unc&id m5 may />t o!rs1 :i* c>e & c&or may remove4 ,x is !re=e no pro( ( weakness 9 a doctr9e1 t x is attack$ ) objections1 bo? real & m]ely plausible4 ,error has be5 spread by two opposite means3--a dogmatic insi/+ on d\btful po9ts1 & an untea*able cavill+ at c]ta9 tru?4 #dg ,"p ,i4 *ap4 vii4 #dh ,our relation to ,god is 8ev5 necess>y10 because we are 8 creatures3 s t ! relation mu/ endure s long z we endure4 ,b our relations to o!r creatures are cont+5t1 & may be *ang$ or abrogat$4 #di ,pp4 #ic1 #id4 #ej 8,! t]ms nature1 & p[] ( nature1 & c\rse ( nature1 are b empty words1 & m]ely mean t a ?+ occurs usually or frequ5tly4 ,! rais+ ( a human body out ( ! e>? we call a miracle1 ! g5]ation ( "o 9 ! ord9>y way we call natural1 = no o!r reason ?an because "o is usual ! o!r unusual4 ,did m5 usually rise out ( ! e>? l corn we %\ld call t natural40 ,dr4 ,,cl>ke1 ,controv4 ) ,leibnitz4 #ea ,t man consi/s ( p>ts1 is evid5t2 & ! use ( ea* "p1 & ( ! :ole man1 is op5 to inve/igation4 ,9 exam9+ any "p we le>n :at x is1 & :at x is to d3 e4g4 ! eye1 ! h&1 ! he>t4 ,s ( m5tal faculties2 memory is to pres]ve ideas1 %ame to det] u f ?+s %ameful1 compassion to induce u to relieve di/ress4 ,9 obs]v+ our :ole make1 we may see an ultimate design1--viz43 n p>ticul> animal gratifications1 b intellectual & moral improvem5t1 & happ9ess by t means4 ,if ?is be our end1 x is our duty4 ,to disreg>d x1 mu/ br+ puni%m5t2 = %ame1 angui%1 remorse1 are by ! laws ( m9d1 ! sequ5ces ( s94 ,see ,,law',s ,notes on ,k+'s ,orig9 ( ,evil4 #eb ,x is almo/ amaz+ t philosophy1 because x discov]s ! laws ( matt]1 %\ld be plac$ 9 antagonism ) ! ,bible :i* reveals a sup]9t5d+ ,provid5ce4 ,! ,bible itself tea*es ?is v result ( philosophy1--viz43 t ! _w is gov]n$ by g5]al laws4 ,see ,prov4 viii4 #bi3 ,job4 xxxviii4 #ab1 #bd1 #ca1 #cc3 ,ps4 cxix4 #ij1 #ia3 ,j]4 xxxi4 #ce1 & xxxiii4 #be4 #ec ,see ,"p ,,ii4 *ap4 vi4 #ed ,"p ,,ii4 *ap4 vi4 #ee ,! g5]al consid]ation ( a future /ate ( puni%m5t1 mo/ evid5tly belongs to ! subject ( natural religion4 ,b if any ( ^! reflections %\ld be ?\ght to relate m peculi>ly to ?is doctr9e1 z taught 9 ,scripture1 ! read] is desir$ to obs]ve1 t ,g5tile writ]s1 bo? morali/s & poets1 speak ( ! future puni%m5t ( ! wick$1 bo? z to ! duration & degree ( x1 9 a l mann] ( expression & ( description1 z ! ,scripture does4 ,s t all :i* c positively be ass]t$ to be matt] ( m]e revelation1 ) reg>d to ?is doctr9e1 seems to be1 t ! great di/9ction betwe5 ! righte\s & ! wick$1 %all be made at ! end ( ?is _w2 t ea* %all !n receive accord+ to 8 des]ts4 ,reason did1 z x well might1 conclude t x %\ld1 f9ally & ^u ! :ole1 be well ) ! righte\s1 & ill ) ! wick$3 b x c\ld n be det]m9$ ^u any pr9ciples ( reason1 :e!r human creatures might n h be5 appo9t$ to pass ?r\gh o!r /ates ( life & be+1 be=e t di/ributive ju/ice %\ld f9ally & effectually take place4 ,revelation tea*es u1 t ! next /ate ( ?+s aft] ! pres5t is appo9t$ = ! execution ( ?is ju/ice2 t x %all be no long] delay$2 b ! my/]y ( ,god1 ! great my/]y ( 8 suff]+ vice & confusion to prevail1 %all !n be f9i%$2 & he w take to him 8 great p[] & w reign1 by r5d]+ to e "o accord+ to 8 works4 #ef ,our language furni%es no f9] specim5s ( ! argum5t analogical4 ,butl] "h seizes ! v po9ts1 :i* are mo/ plausible & mo/ insi/$ on1 z %[+ ! h>%ness & unreasonabl5ess ( ,*ri/ianity2 & ov]?r[s !m at a /roke by simply direct+ att5tion to ! same ?+s1 9 ! univ]sally obs]v$ c\rse ( nature4 #eg ,*ap4 i4 #eh ,see *aps4 iv4 & vi4 #ei ,?is *apt]1 m ?an any o!r1 c>ries ! =ce ( positive argum5t4 ,if 9 ?is _w1 we h pro(s t ,god is a moral gov]nor1 !n 9 ord] to ev9ce t we %all be "u moral gov]nm5t h]eaft]1 we h only to supply an int]m$iate consid]ation1--viz43 t ,god1 z su*1 mu/ be un*angeable4 ,! argum5t1 z j rem>k$1 assumes a sub/antive =m1 because admitt$ facts1 z to ?is _w1 exhibit+ ! v pr9ciples on :i* ,god's gov]nm5t goes at pres5t1 compel u n only to suppose t ! pr9ciples ( ,god w rema91 b to believe s4 #fj ,*ap4 ii4 #fa ,! objections aga9/ religion1 f ! evid5ce ( x n be+ univ]sal1 nor s /rong z might possibly h be51 may be urg$ aga9/ natural religion1 z well z aga9/ reveal$4 ,& !re=e ! consid]ation ( !m belongs to ! fir/ "p ( ?is treatise1 z well z ! second4 ,b z ^! objections are *iefly urg$ aga9/ reveal$ religion1 ,i *oose to consid] !m 9 ! second "p4 ,& ! answ] to !m !re1 *4 vi41 z urg$ aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 be+ almo/ equally applicable to !m z urg$ aga9/ ! religion ( nature2 to avoid repetition1 ! read] is ref]r$ to t *apt]4 #fb ,diss]tation ,,ii4 #fc ,*ap4 vi4 #fd ,see ,"l ,%aftesbury's ,inquiry conc]n+ ,virtue1 ,"p ,,ii4 #fe ,at ! f\ndation ( moral improvem5t1 lies ! conviction t :at is "r1 is our happ9ess1 no less ?an our duty4 ,?is aga9 is bas$ ^u a conviction t ,god gov]ns ju/ly2 & has all p[] ov] u = good or evil4 ,z creation is full ( ! evid5ces ( design1 s is ,provid5ce4 ,& z ! human m9d %[s1 9 its /ructure1 ! mo/ exquisite m>ks ( design1 s ! gov]nm5t ( m9d %[s a f9al object = all our faculties4 ,among ! attributes ( m9d we obs]ve1 conspicu\s1 a disposition to seek ends1 lay plans1 & sacrifice pres5t indulg5ce to future & great] good3 & a facility 9 le>n+ h[ to subord9ate "o ?+ to ano!r1 s z to secure success 9 our plans4 ,?is1 ) consci5ce to approve or disapprove our modes1 con/itutes an evid5t adapt$ness to a moral gov]nm5t on ! "p ( ,god2 & w\ld be worse ?an sup]flu\s1 if !re be no su* gov]nm5t4 ,e rule ( action1 d$uc$ by reason f ! light ( nature1 may fairly be reg>d$ z ,god's law2 & ! inconv5i5ces result+ f wrong actions1 are ,god's retributions4 ,^! retributions1 felt or obs]v$1 are div9e tea*+s1 say+1 emphatically1 if y act ?us y %all receive ?us4 ,we d actually s judge1 9 relation to physics4 ,e rule ( motion1 di/ance1 gravitation1 heat1 electricity1 c4 c41 is receiv$ z ,god's law2 & we w\ld deem x insane to act 9 opposition4 #ff ,consult ,,capp on ! ,gov4 ( ,god3 ,,twisse ,v9dici ,prov4 ,dei3 ,,witti*ii ,excre4 ,!ol43 ,,dwight',s ,!ol43 ,,m>t9ius de ,gub]natione ,mundi3 ,,lief*ild on ,provid5ce3 ,,morton on d43 ,,%]lock on d43 ,,ru!r=d on d43 & ! ,s]mons ( ,?os4 ,lel&1 ,porteus1 ,topp+1 ,hunt1 ,davies1 ,horseley1 ,s\?1 ,wi%e>t1 ,se$1 ,coll+s1 & ,doddridge4 #fg ,*ap4 ii4 #fh ,9 ! /ructure ( man1 physical & m5tal1 we f9d no contrivances = disease or pa91 s t 9 g5]al ^? :o con=m to ! laws ( _! be+1 enjoy happ9ess2 & suff]+ is *iefly ! result ( our own conduct4 ,b1 z )\t revelation we c\ld only le>n ! evil ( vice1 by its effects1 & w\ld (t5 le>n x too late to retrieve our affairs1 or our s\ls' peace1 ,god has 9 m]cy giv5 =? 8 tea*+s1 by :i*1 be=eh&1 we may "k ! effects ( actions4 #fi ,see ,diss]tation ,,ii4 #gj ,x 0 cont5d$ by ,,m&eville 9 8 8,fable ( ! ,bees10 t private vices1 z luxury = in/ance1 are (t5 conducive to ! well-be+ ( society4 ,?is idea is fully refut$ by ,,w>burton1 ,div9e ,legation ( ,moses1 b4 #a3 ,,b]keley1 ,m9ute ,philosoph]1 ,dial4 #b3 & by ,,br[n1 ,*>act]i/ics1 ,ess4 #b4 #ga ,a /rong illu/ration ( ?is di/9ction is se5 9 ! 8deliv]+ up0 ( our ,savior to be crucifi$4 ,z to ! m]e act ( deliv]+ up1 we f9d x ref]r$1 #a4 ,to ,god ! ,fa!r1 ,john iii4 #af3 ,acts ii4 #bc3 ,rom4 viii4 #cb4 #b4 ,to ,*ri/ himself1 ,eph4 v4 #b1 & v4 #be1 c4 ,9 ?is la/ passage x is lit]ally deliv]$ himself4 #c4 ,to ! ,jewi% rul]s1 ,luke xx4 #bj3 ,m>k xii4 #ab4 #d4 ,to ,pontius ,pilate1 ,matt4 xxvii4 #bf3 ,m>k xv4 #ae3 ,john xix4 #f4 #e4 ,to ,judas1 ,matt4 xxvi4 #ae3 ,zec4 xi4 #ab4 ,z to ! m]e act1 ,judas & ,pilate did j :at ,god ! ,fa!r1 & our ,"l ,jesus did4 ,b h[ inf9itely unlike ! qualities ( ! act6 #gb 8,:5 "o supposes he is ab\t to die1 !re comes ov] him a fe> & anxiety ab\t ?+s 9 reg>d to :i* he felt none be=e4 ,= ! /ories :i* are told ab\t ,hades1 t su*1 z h practis$ wrong1 mu/ !re suff] puni%m5t1 al?\gh made light ( = a :ile1 ^! torm5t ! s\l le/ !y %\ld be true4 ,b he :o is consci\s ( innoc5ce1 has a pleasant & good hope1 :i* w support old age40 ,,plato1 ,respub4 i4 s4 #e4 #gc ,see ,diss]tation ,,ii4 #gd ,aside f revelation1 our ideas ( ! div9e attributes mu/ be d]iv$ f a k ( our own4 ,among ^! is our moral s5se1 :i* con/ra9s u to consid] "r & wrong z an immutable di/9ction1 & moral wor? z our highe/ excell5ce4 ,h5ce we ascribe p]fect virtue to ,god4 ,x does n foll[ f su* reason+1 t we =m a ,deity aft] our own conceptions1 = x is b ! argum5t a =tiori1 8,he t =m$ ! eye1 %all he n see8 ,he t tea*e? man k1 %all he n "k80 ,ps4 xciv4 #i4 ,we d n conceive ( a ,deity :o sees j z we d2 b t he sees1 = he makes sight4 ,s we inf] t he has moral attributes1 because we h !m1 f him4 ,?is po9t is n suffici5tly press$ ^u infidels4 ,!y readily ackn[l$ge ,god's physical attributes1 because ! argum5t is address$ to _! und]/&+1 b d5y 8 moral ones1 because _! he>ts are h>d5$ ?r\gh ! deceitfulness ( s94 #ge ,x is easy to see t ! occasional disadvantages ( virtue1 are no less conducive to moral excell5ce1 ?an its be+ g5]ally advantage\s4 ,9 view ( its g5]al advantages1 we are virtu\s ) a prop] & comm&$ view to our in/9ctive desire = happ9ess4 ,9 face ( its disadvantages1 we cultivate virtue = its own sake4 #gf ,! common rem>k1 8virtue br+s its own rew>d10 is true only ) qualifications4 ,! apo/les1 z to ?is life1 7 ! mo/ mis]able ( m53 7#a ,cor4 xv4 #i47 ,virtue does n always br+ e>?ly rew>ds4 ,! gr& support ( ! good is drawn f consid]ations ( t future /ate :i* ! infidel d5ies4 ,obs]ve1 #a4 ,we _c suppose t ,god w\ld s con/ruct man1 z t 8 pr9cipal com=t & rew>d = virtue1 is a delusion4 #b4 ,v good p]sons are (t5 beset ) pa9ful d\bts & fe>s1 z to _! future safety4 ,w\ld ,god all[ su* d\bts1 if ! expectation ( future happ9ess 7 ! only rew>d ( virtue8 #c4 ,?is rew>d1 at be/1 is private2 b = ! enc\ragem5t ( virtue1 x mu/ h obvi\s triumphs4 ,on ! o!r h&1 bad m5 gr[ call\s to ! rebukes ( consci5ce1 s t great s9n]s suff] less f remorse ?an small ones1 & :at is worse1 owe _! tranquillity to _! guilt4 ,aga91 he :o kills a good man1 :olly deprives him ( 8 only rew>d1 if ?is life alone gives x4 ,& ! villa9 :o kills himself1 escapes 8 only puni%m5t4 ,virtu\s p]sons1 9 ! /rong language ( ,,rob]t ,,hall1,a w\ld be 8! only p]sons :o are :olly disappo9t$ ( _! object2 ! only p]sons :o 7by a fatal & irrep>able mi/ake71 expect+ an imag9>y happ9ess 9 an imag9>y _w1 lose _! only opportunity ( enjoy+ ^? pres5t pleasures1 ( :i* o!rs avail !mselves2 doom+ !mselves to grasp at %ad[s1 :ile !y neglect ! sub/ance1 & h>ass$ ) a p]petual /ruggle aga9/ _! natural prop5sities & passions1 & all 9 va960 ,a ,s]mon on ! ,vanity ( ,man4 #gg ,because1 s soon z any community1 or collection ( p]sons1 conclude a man to be :olly vici\s 9 8 c\rse1 & )\t any re/ra9t ( consci5ce1 he is at once %orn ( 8 influ5ce1 & w soon be /ripp$ ( all p[] ( mis*ief4 ,on ! o!r h&1 we see ! might ( virtue un>m$ ) p[]1 9 ,lu!r1 9 ,rog] ,williams1 9 ,wm4 ,p5n1 & innum]able o!r in/ances4 #gh ,isa4 lx4 #ba4 #gi ,p4 #aji4 #hj ,p4 #aaj1 c4 #ha ,p4 #aaa1 c4 #hb ,p4 #aah1 c4 #hc ,see ?is pro( drawn out briefly1 *4 vi4 #hd ,?is *apt] is "o ( _m attempts to acc\nt = ! mixture ( suff]+ & enjoym5t 9 ?is _w2 & dem&s close exam9ation bo? ( its !ory & its argum5ts4 ,! /ud5t may consult1 z he has opportunity1 ,,mus,i ,disput43 ,,holtzsfusii ,disp4 de ,lapsu ,prim4 ,hom9um3 ,,seld5 de ,laps4 ,angelorum3 ,,/apf]i ,in/43 ,,witsii ,econom4 ,fd43 ,,bate',s ,h>mony ( ! ,div9e ,attrib43 ,,calcott on ! ,fall3 ,,%uck=d on ! ,creation ( ,man3 ,,manton',s ,s]mons3 ,,s\?',s d43 ,,toplady',s d43 ,,pe>son on ! ,cre$3 ,,le ,,cl]c',s ,diss43 ,,h5ly',s ,diss]t43 ,,k5nicott on ! ,tree ( ,life3 & ,,fabricius de ,primo ,peccato ,angelorum ,lapsorum4 #he ,! evils ( life1 are n to be reg>d$ z ent]+1 necess>ily1 into ,god's plan ( probation2 & !y are n "h s pres5t$4 ,! ,scriptures %[ t all suff]+ is ei!r punitive1 or ca/igatory4 ,man at fir/ 0 to be tri$ by temptations1 n by suff]+s4 #hf ,*ap4 ii4 #hg ,see ,s]mons prea*$ at ! ,rolle1 #agbf1 #b;d ed4 p4 #bje1 c4 ,pref4 p4 #be1 c4 ,s]m4 p4 #ba1 c4 #hh 8,if we p]si/ 9 our objection1 not)/&+ ^! analogies1 !n %\ld we conclude1 ei!r t we are "u ! regim5 ( an unrighte\s ,deity1 or t !re is no ,deity at all40--,dr4 ,,*alm]s4 #hi ,%all we be ( su*8 ,%all we =get or disreg>d ! great fact t :5 dea? has transf]r$ u to o!r conditions1 we1 our prop] selves1 w rema98 ,no long]1 inde$1 unit$ ) fle% & blood1 surr\nd$ ) h\ses1 l&s1 bus9ess1 or enjoym5ts1 su* z ! pres5t1 b /ill ourselves4 ,/ill ) wants to be suppli$1 desires to be gratifi$1 & capacities to be employ$ & develop$6 #ij ,"p ,,ii4 *ap4 v4 #ia ,?is is "o ( ^? passages1 rem>k$ on 9 our introduction1 z a /atem5t n prop]ly expla9$ or gu>d$4 ,we _c suppose ! au?or1 to h ov]look$ ! great fact ( man's fall & corruption4 ,t ! argum5t prop]ly consid]$1 /&s good1 is ! v]dict ( su* a man z ,,*alm]s4 ,aft] speak+ ( human helplessness 9 matt]s ( religion1 he says1 8,!re is no?+ 9 ?is helplessness to break ! analogies on :i* to f\nd ! negative v9dication t =ms ! great & und\bt$ a*ievem5t ( ?is volume4 ,! analogy lies "h3--t if a man wills to obta9 prosp]ity 9 ?is life1 he may1 if obs]vant ( ! rules :i* exp]i5ce & wisdom prescribe1 9 g5]al1 make x good4 ,& if he wills to atta9 bless$ness 9 ! next life1 he %all1 if obs]vant ( :at religion prescribes1 mo/ c]ta9ly make x good2 9 con=mity ) ! decl>ation1 #8he t seeke? f9de?4'0 #ib ,x comes to ?is3--good ?+s1 9 ?is life1 are n =c$ ^u u2 = we may refuse !m1 or turn any ( !m into evils4 ,nor are !y (f]$ = our m]e acceptance3 b only z ! results ( self-control & pa9s-tak+4 ,s is x1 z to heav54 #ic ,!y are an answ]1 b a cavil rema9s1--viz43 8! diff]5ce betwe5 temporal & et]nal ?+s1 is s va/ t ! cases are n analog\s40 ,fairly consid]$1 ! cases are analog\s1 diff]+ only 9 degree1 & n at all 9 pr9ciple4 ,:at w\ld be wrong on a great scale1 is wrong on a small "o4 ,p]haps ! analogy may be press$ fur!r4 ,z ! happ9ess & life ( "s animals1 may be sacrific$ = ! b5efit ( man1 :y may n ! happ9ess & life ( "s m51 be sacrific$ = ! good ( innum]able be+s ( a high] ord]1 :o witness ! affairs ( ?is e>?8 ,x w\ld b be secur+ 8! greate/ good ( ! greate/ numb]40 ,no analogies c\ld tea* ?is1 = analogies ( c\rse tea* no?+4 ,b if ! ,scriptures conta9$ ?is doctr9e1 imm5sely m repugnant ?an t :i* our au?or is "h def5d+1 w\ld analogy (f] repellant presumptions8 #id ,t is1 ! son ( ,sirac1 :o says1 8,all ?+s are d\ble1 "o aga9/ ano!r2 & ,he ha? made no?+ imp]fect3 "o ?+ e/abli%$ ! good ( ano!r30 ,ecclesia/icus xlii4 #bd4 #ie ,consult ,,millman',s ,hi/4 ( ,*ri/1 vol4 i43 ,,prie/ley',s ,in/itutes ( ,nat4 & ,rev4 ,rel41 vol4 i4 *4 i43 & ,,:ately',s ,pol4 ,econ41 sec4 #e4 #if ,we are too apt to ov]look ! effect ( actions on ! actor2 7:i* is (t5 ! *ief effect7 9 improv+ or impair+ 8 own p[]s4 ,a razor us$ to cut wood or /one1 is n only put to an improp] use1 b spoil$ = ! use :i* is prop]4 ,b ?is is a fa9t illu/ration4 ,! razor may be %>p5$ aga92 b h[ %all we re/ore a blunt$ s5sibility1 an enfeebl$ judgm5t1 or a vitiat$ appetite8 ,our wrong-do+ inflicts worse results on ourselves ?an on our victims2 & ! evil may spread disa/] ov] our :ole future4 ,h5ce ! "y make a fatal blund] :5 !y suppose t an occasional indulg5ce 9 impropriety may be compatible ) g5]al welf>e1 & improvem5t4 ,in/ead ( balanc+ ! pros & cons ( a p>ticul> act1 9 ! scale ( utility or pleasure1 !y %\ld m>k well its effects on !mselves4 ,see ! description ( h[ an upright be+ may fall2 9 a subsequ5t "p ( ?is *apt]4 #ig 8,x might seem1 at fir/ sight1 t if our /ate h]eaft] pres5t$ no temptations to falsehood1 inju/ice1 c41 our habit ( indulg+ ^! vices "h w\ld be no disqualification = su* a /ate2 & our =m+ ! contr>y habits no qualification4 ,b habits ( v]acity1 ju/ice1 c4 are n m]ely securities aga9/ temptations to ! contr>y1 b ne$ful = cons]v+ ! pr9ciples ( love ( tru?1 ju/ice1 c4 ,z our happ9ess dep5ds ^u ! ratio betwe5 our circum/ances & our dispositions1 our happ9ess1 9 a /ate :]e ?+s are ord]$ s z to give no scope = ! practice ( falsehood1 inju/ice1 c41 mu/ dep5d on our hav+ =m$ a love = _! opposites4 ,besides1 ! circum/ances ( ! future life may be su* z only to remove temptations f *>act]s =m$ by su* moral discipl9e z we und]go 9 ?is life1 & n all ?+s t c\ld be temptations to any "o40--,,pr(4 ,,fitzg]ald4 #ih ,x may be ?\ght1 t a s5se ( int]e/ w\ld z effectually re/ra9 creatures f do+ wrong4 ,b if by a s5se ( int]e/ is meant a speculative conviction or belief1 t su* & su* indulg5ce w\ld occasion !m great] uneas9ess1 ^u ! :ole1 ?an satisfaction2 x is contr>y to pres5t exp]i5ce to say1 t ?is s5se ( int]e/ is suffici5t to re/ra9 !m f ?us indulg+ !mselves4 ,& if by a s5se ( int]e/ is meant a practical reg>d to :at is ^u ! :ole our happ9ess2 ?is is n only co9cid5t ) ! pr9ciple ( virtue or moral rectitude1 b is a "p ( ! idea itself4 ,& x is evid5t ?is reasonable self-love wants to be improv$1 z really z any pr9ciple 9 our nature4 ,= we daily see x ov]mat*$1 n only by ! m boi/]\s passions1 b by curiosity1 %ame1 love ( imitation1 by any ?+1 ev5 indol5ce3 especially if ! int]e/1 ! temporal int]e/1 suppose1 :i* is ! end ( su* self-love1 be at a di/ance4 ,s greatly are pr(ligate m5 mi/ak51 :5 !y affirm !y are :olly gov]n$ by int]e/$ness & self-love2 & s little cause is !re = morali/s to disclaim ?is pr9ciple4--,see p4 #aca4 #ii ,discipl9e is ma9ly promot$ by a c>eful reg>d to acts ( small individual mom5t4 ,! subject+ ( trivial acts to moral consid]ations1 is ! sure1 & ! only mode ( self-culture4 ,^! acts are embryo habits1 & we may (t5 see cle>ly ! moral "* ( a habit1 :5 ! s+le act seems indiff]5t4 ,?us view$1 ! importance ( s+le acts w seldom seem small4 ,a s+le cig>1 "o glass ( w9e = convivial purposes1 "o /ory told ) exagg]ations1 may *ange ! complexion ( our "*1 & ( our :ole de/9y6 ,x is do+ or refus+ to d1 f a law-abid+ reg>d to consequ5ces1 t con/itutes self-discipl9e4 ,papi/s :olly err 9 tea*+ ! repression ( bodily desires z 9 itself virtu\s4 ,indulg5ce may be ei!r an ob/acle or an aid to moral progress1 accord+ to our reason = indulg5ce4 ,:5 we c repress an appetite or passion :5ev] indulg5ce w\ld be wrong1 its ma/]y ov] u is brok52 & :5 ! passions & appetites act rightly1 f =ce ( virtu\s habit1 )\t direct volition1 discipl9e is complete4 ,ascetic acts are only useful z means1 & s long z !y are ascetic 7askesis7 are pro(s ( imp]fect ob$i5ce4 ,discipl9e is good only z discipl9e2 & :5 complete1 *anges f a /ruggle betwe5 pr9ciple & incl9ation1 to a spontane\s habit1 & p]man5t m5tal peace4 #ajj ,*alm]s objects to ?is hypo!tical fall ( man1 t x wants h>mony ) ! ,scripture acc\nt4 ,b ,i d n see ! =ce ( ! objection4 ,butl] ( c\rse does n copy ! ,scripture acc\nt1 = he w\ld !n dep>t f ! aim & nature ( 8 book4 ,! ,bible says man fell sudd5ly1 no less 9 8 /ate ?an 9 8 "*4 ,butl] says t we c\ld n reason out h[ mu* disord] & damage w\ld ensue f ! fir/ s93 & 9 say+ ?is1 avoids any incongruity ) ! ,mosaic acc\nt1 :i* tells u h[ mu*4 ,:at ,b4 says ( ! =mation ( habit1 by repeat$ transgressions1 c]ta9ly _c be ga9say$4 ,adam 8di$10 ! v day he ate ! =bidd5 fruit4 ,! s9n] 8lives0 ! v day he believes on ! only-begott5 ,son ( ,god4 ,increase ( guilt1 or gr[? 9 grace are pr$icable 9 bo? in/ances4 ,9 bo? also !re is an in/ant transition into a new relation%ip ) ,god4 #aja ,a =c$ or reluctant ob$i5ce is :olly incompatible ) e>?ly happ9ess2 b may1 9 ! highe/ degree promote our future happ9ess4 ,x w n long m> our happ9ess1 ev5 "h2 because be+ bas$ on pr9ciple1 & e/abli%$ by habit1 x w1 9 process ( "t1 be sup]s$$ by prompt & pleasurable submission4 ,?us a p]son habitually virtu\s1 is h>dly consci\s ( self-d5ial2 a fact notic$ by ,ari/otle4 8,he :o ab/a9s f bodily pleasures & delights1 is virtu\s 9 ?is v ab/95ce2 b he :o is tr\bl$ by x is undiscipl9$40 ,e?ic4 ,nic4 ii4 #c4 #ajb ,p4 #ade4 #ajc ,! /ud5t %\ld le>n to di/+ui% betwe5 ! k9ds ( necessity4 ,!re is--#a4 8,logical necessity10 :i* requires ! admission ( a consequ5t to a premise #b4 8,moral necessity10 :i* requires means 9 ord] to ends4 8,physical necessity10 :i* is ! compulsory connection ( sequ5ces to antec$5ts1 9 ! mat]ial _w4 #d4 8,metaphysical necessity10 :i* belongs to ,god only1 z exi/+ et]nally & immutably4 ,all ^! exi/ & op]ate1 & by !m we gov]n ourselves4 ,b !re are v>i\s o!r k9ds ( necessity1 errone\s & p]nici\s1 :i* may be gr\p$ "u two heads3--#a4 8,a!i/ic10 sometimes call$ ! ,democritic1 :i* ascribes all ?+s to ! me*anical laws ( matt]4 #b4 8,!i/ic10 :i* admits ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 b d5ies to him moral "*1 & makes him ! arbitr>y & only ag5t 9 ! univ]se1 & creatures n responsible4 ,see ,,coll+s on ,provid5ce1 ,,price',s ,diss]tations1 ,,ru!r=d on ,provid5ce1 ,,*>nock',s ,s]mons1 & ,,:ately',s ,logic4 #ajd ,p4 #aeg4 #aje ,p4 #aeh4 #ajf ,,hume says1 8?\gh man1 9 tru?1 is a necess>y ag5t1 hav+ all 8 actions det]m9$ by fix$ & immutable laws1 yet1 ?is be+ conceal$ f him1 he acts ) ! conviction ( be+ a free ag5t40 ,:i* is ! same z to say t ,god int5d$ to conceal f m5 an important fact1 involv+ ! :ole subject ( "r & wrong1 b ,mr4 ,hume f\nd him out6 #ajg ,by w & "* is meant t :i*1 9 speak+ ( m51 we %\ld express1 n only by ^! words1 b also by ! words temp]1 ta/e1 dispositions1 practical pr9ciples3 t :ole frame ( m9d1 f :5ce we act 9 "o mann] r ?an ano!r4 #ajh ,*ap4 ii4 #aji ,p4 #aeg1 c4 #aaj ,*ap4 ii4 #aaa ,diss]t4 ,,ii4 #aab ,s]m4 #b1 at ! ,rolls4 #aac ,diss]t4 ,,ii4 #aad ,h[ev]1 ,i am f> f int5d+ to d5y1 t ! w ( ,god is det]m9$1 by :at is fit1 by ! "r & reason ( ! case2 ?\gh "o *ooses to decl9e matt]s ( su* ab/ract speculation1 & to speak ) caution :5 "o does speak ( !m4 ,b if x be intelligible to say1 t x is fit & reasonable = e "o to consult 8 own happ9ess1 !n fitness ( action1 or ! "r & reason ( ! case1 is an intelligible mann] ( speak+4 ,& x seems z inconceivable1 to suppose ,god to approve "o c\rse ( action1 or "o end1 pref]ably to ano!r1 :i* yet 8 act+ at all f design implies t he does1 )\t suppos+ some:at prior 9 t end1 to be ! gr\nd ( ! pref]5ce2 z to suppose him to disc]n an ab/ract proposition to be true1 )\t suppos+ some:at prior 9 x1 to be ! gr\nd ( ! disc]nm5t4 ,x do? n !re=e appe>1 t moral "r is any m relative to p]ception1 ?an ab/ract tru? is2 or t x is any m improp] to speak ( ! fitness & lightness ( actions & ends1 z f\nd$ 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 ?an to speak ( ab/ract tru?1 z ?us f\nd$4 #aae ,p4 #aah4 #aaf ,p4 #aaj1 c4 #aag ,*ap4 ii4 #aah ,diss]tation ,,ii4 #aai ,pp4 #fh1 #ga4 #abj ,s]m4 #h?1 at ! ,rolls4 #aba ,consult1 9 favor ( ! doctr9e ( necessity1 a!i/ical writ]s g5]ally2 su* z ,fi*te1 ,hegel1 ,d',holback1 ,comte1 ,cr\sse1 ,m>t9eau1 ,l]\x1 & ,holyoake--also1 ,,bel%am',s ,essays1 ,,coll9s on ,lib]ty1 ,,crombie on ,phil4 ,necessity1 ,,hobbes' ,lib]ty & ,necessity1 & ,levia?an1 ,,prie/ley on ,lib]ty1 ,,h>tley on ,man1 & ,,edw>ds on ! ,w4 ,aga9/ ! doctr9e1 see ,,beattie',s ,works1 ,"p #b2 ,replies to ,hobbes by ,,bramhall & ,,lawson2 ,replies to ,prie/ley by ,,palm] & ,,bryant2 ,,grove on ,lib]ty2 ,,cl>ke',s ,s]mons at ! ,boyle ,lectures2 ,,gibb',s ,contemplations2 ,,k+',s ,orig9 ( ,evil2 ,,reid on ! ,m9d2 ,,watts on ,lib]ty2 ,,h>ris' ,boyle ,lectures2 ,,jackson',s ,def5ce2 ,,butt]wor? on ,moral ,gov]nm5t4 #abb ,,maimonides makes use ( ! foll[+ similitude4 8,suppose "o ( good und]/&+1 ^: "m _h di$ soon aft] he 0 born to be br\ght up on an isl&1 :]e he saw no human be+ b 8 fa!r nor ! female ( any bea/4 ,?is p]son :5 gr[n up inquires h[ m5 are produc$4 ,he is told t !y are br$ 9 ! womb ( "o ( ! same species & t :ile 9 ! womb we are v small & !re move & are n\ri%$4 ,! "y man inquires :e!r :5 ?us 9 ! womb we did n eat1 & dr9k1 & brea!1 z we d n[1 & is answ]$1 ,no4 ,!n he d5ies x1 & (f]s demon/ration t x c\ld n be s4 ,= says he1 if ei!r ( u cease to brea! our life is gone2 & h[ c\ld we h liv$ close %ut up 9 a womb = mon?s8 ,s if we cease to eat & dr9k1 we die1 & h[ c\ld ! *ild live s = mon?s8 & ?us he satisfies himself t x is impossible man %\ld come into exi/5ce 9 su* a mann]40 #abc ,let u imag9e a p]son to be tak5 to view "s great hi/orical pa9t+1 be=e :i* hangs a ?ick curta94 ,! att5dant raises ! curta9 a few in*es4 ,c ! spectator1 f ! unmean+ /rip ( =egr\nd1 d]ive any conception ( ! figures yet conceal$8 ,mu* less is he able to criticize _! proportions1 or beauty1 or p]spective1 or ev5 ! design ( ! arti/8 ,! small fragm5t ( a tree1 or fl[]1 or animal1 or build+1 may seem q unmean+ & ev5 ugly1 ?\gh ! :ole w\ld pres5t beauty1 fitness1 or gr&eur4 ,n[ ! portion ( ,god's dom9ions )9 our survey1 is z utt]ly insignificant1 comp>$ to ! univ]se1 & its int]m9able duration1 z1 an atom comp>$ to a planet or a man's age to et]nity4 ,! conclud+ obs]vations ( ?is *apt]1 abundantly remove e difficulty z to su* ignorance be+ z valid aga9/ ! pro(s ( religion1 z x is aga9/ objections to x4 #abd ,no truly philosophical m9d c be arrogant2 because ! wid] ! range ( ?\ght1 ! great] are ! discov]ies ( our ignorance4 ,! "y /ud5t may well hesitate to decide po9ts1 on :i* ! pr(\nde/ ?9k]s take opposite sides1 & :5 consci\s ( inability intru/ himself to ! guidance ( ^? ^: lives are be/4 #abe ,pp4 #agg1 #agh4 #abf ,p4 #agc1 c4 #abg ,p4 #age4 #abh ,pp4 #gb1 #gc4 #abi ,p4 #fh1 & ,"p ,,ii4 *ap4 vi4 #acj ,s]m4 at ! ,rolls1 p4 #cab1 #b;d ed4 #aca ,p4 #agb1 c4 #acb ,see ,"p ,,ii4 *4 ii4 #acc ,p4 #agc4 #acd ,! rema9d] ( ?is *apt] is a recapitulation ( ! :ole argum5t f ! beg9n+2 & %\ld be c>efully conn$4 #ace ,"p ,,ii4 *4 vi4 #acf ,p4 #ajh4 #acg ,!re is a slight indication 9 ?is *apt] t ,butl] falls into ! old plan ( settl+ ! necessity ( ,*ri/ianity1 be=e det]m9+ its tru?4 ,paley disc>ds ?is ord] ( arrangem5t1 9 8 v fir/ s5t5ce2 & ) good reason4 ,! necessity ( revelation is an ab/raction2 ! pro(s ( x are pat5t facts4 ,to hold 9 abeyance ! cr$5tials pres5t$ by ,*ri/ianity1 till we fir/ satisfy ourselves t ,god c\ld or w\ld make any su* ann\ncem5ts1 is unphilosophical & irrev]5t4 ,?is *apt] discusses ! importance r ?an ! necessity ( revelation2 & s is a fitt+ comm5cem5t ( ! discussion4 ,e tru? disclos$ 9 revelation1 ov] & above ! tru?s :i* natural religion furni%es1 proves ! necessity ( revelation1 if we w\ld "k any ?+ ( su* tru?s4 ,& x is su* tru?s :i* con/itute ! v peculi>ities ( revelation1 & tea* ! way ( salvation1 = ! s9ful & helpless4 #ach ,no "o c read ! writ+s ( ! great sages ( antiquity )\t a full & sad conviction t 9 relation to ! "* ( ,god1 ! s9fulness ( man1 ! future /ate1 & ! rules ( liv+1 ^? prime po9ts on :i* we ne$ k1 !y 7 almo/ pr(\ndly ignorant4 ,see on ?is po9t1 ,,lel&',s ,adv4 & ,necess43 ,,*alm]s' ,nat4 ,!ol43 ,,mcco%',s ,div4 ,gov43 ,,pascal',s ,?\ghts3 ,,w>burton',s ,div4 ,legation4 #aci ,inv5is multos----propt]ea nolle fi]i ,*ri/ianos1 quia quasi sufficiunt sibi de bona vita sua4 ,b5e viv]e opus e/1 ait4 ,quid mihi prcepturus e/ ,*ri/us8 ,ut b5e vivam8 ,jam b5e vivo4 ,quid mihi necess>ius e/ ,*ri/us2 nullum homicidium1 nullum furtum1 nullam rap9am facio1 res ali5as non concupisco1 nullo adult]io contam9or8 ,nam inv5iatur 9 vita mea aliquid quod repreh5datur1 et qui repreh5d]it faciat ,*ri/ianum4 ,aug4 9 ,psal4 xxxi4 ,y f9d _m :o refuse to become ,*ri/ians1 because !y feel suffici5t ( !mselves to lead a good life4 8,we ought to live well40 says "o4 8,:at w ,*ri/ tea* me8 ,to live well8 ,i d live well1 :at ne$ !n h ,i ( ,*ri/8 ,i commit no murd]1 no !ft1 no robb]y4 ,i covet no man's goods1 & am pollut$ by no adult]y4 ,let "s "o f9d 9 me any ?+ to c5sure1 & he :o c d s1 may make me a ,*ri/ian40 #adj ,! true mode ( di/+ui%+ a tempor>y1 local1 or individual comm& f su* z are ( univ]sal & p]petual obligation1 is well laid d[n by ,,wayl&1 ,mor4 ,sci4 *4 ix4 sec4 #b4 #ada ,natural religion %[s u ! dang] ( s92 b n ! inf9ite dang] ( et]nal retribution1 & ! hopelessness ( re/oration aft] dea?4 ,& z to ! efficacy ( rep5tance1 x r opposes t doctr9e ?an tea*es x4 ,at lea/ x does n tea* t rep5tance may be accept$1 s z n only to cancel guilt1 b re/ore to ! favor ( ,god4 #adb 8,*ri/ianity 0 left ) ,*ri/ians1 to be transmitt$1 9 l mann] z ! religion ( nature _h be5 left1 ) mank9d 9 g5]al4 ,!re 0 h[ev] ?is diff]5ce t by an in/itution ( ext]nal religion ) a /&+ m9i/ry = in/ruction & discipl9e1 x pleas$ ,god to unite ,*ri/iana into visible *ur*es1 & all along to pres]ve !m ov] a great "p ( ! _w1 & ?us p]petuate a g5]al publication ( ! ,gospel40 ,,butl]',s s]mon be=e ! ,soc4 = ,prop4 ! ,gospel4 ,he goes on to %[1 9 t disc\rse1 t ^! *ur*es1 h[ev] corrupt any may become1 are repositories = ! writt5 oracles ( ,god1 & s c>ry ! antidote to _! h]esies4 #adc ,rev4 xxii4 #aa4 #add 8,x is no real objection to ?is1 ?\gh x may seem s at fir/ sight1 to say t s9ce ,*ri/ianity is a rem$ial sy/em1 design$ to obviate ^? v evils :i* h be5 produc$ by ! neglect & abuse ( ! light ( nature1 x ought n to be liable to ! same p]v]sions4 ,because--#a4 ,*ri/ianity is n design$ prim>ily to rem$y ! defects ( nature1 b ( an unnatural /ate ( ru9 into :i* m5 7 br\ght by ! ,fall4 ,& #b4 ,x is rem$ial ( ! defects ( nature 9 a great degree1 by its giv+ additional advantages4 #c4 ,x might be impossible t x %\ld be rem$ial 9 a great] degree ?an x is1 )\t de/roy+ man's free ag5cy2 :i* w\ld be to de/roy its own end1 ! practice ( virtue40--,,fitzg]ald',s ,notes4 #ade ,,*alm]s 7,nat4 ,!ol41 b4 v4 *4 iv47 makes ?is v pla94 ,he %[s ! e?ics ( natural religion to be "o ?+ & its objects ano!r4 ,natural religion discloses no ,r$eem] or ,sanctifi]2 b x tea*es h[ we %\ld reg>d su* a p]son1 if !re be "o4 ,x tea*es love & con=mity to su* a be+ by ! relation 9 :i* we ( c\rse /& to him4 ,h[ we are to express t love & ob$i5ce x _c tea*4 #adf ,see ,! ,nature1 ,obligation1 & ,efficacy1 ( ! ,*ri/ian ,sacram5ts1 c41 by ,,wat]l&1 & ,,collib] ( ,reveal$ ,religion1 z !re quot$4 #adg ,if ,*ri/ianity 7 b 8a republication ( natural religion10 or z ,t9dall says1 8z old z creation10 :y d dei/s oppose x8 ,x does inde$ republi% natural religion1 b x adds /up5d\s tru?s beside4 ,if x gave u no new light1 no new motives1 x w\ld be b a trem5d\s curse1 mak+ u all ! m responsible1 & none ! m in/ruct$ or secure4 #adh ,p4 #id4 #adi ,*4 v4 #aej ,john iii4 #e4 #aea ,?is is ! di/9ction betwe5 moral & positive precepts consid]$ respectively z su*4 ,b yet1 s9ce ! latt] h some:at ( a moral nature1 we may see ! reason ( !m1 consid]$ 9 ?is view4 ,moral & positive precepts are 9 "s respects alike1 9 o!r respects diff]5t4 ,s f> z !y are alike1 we disc]n ! reasons ( bo?2 s f> z !y are diff]5t1 we disc]n ! reasons ( ! =m]1 b n ( ! latt]4 ,see p4 #ahi1 c4 #aeb ,)\t (f]+ ! lea/ objection to :at is "h said ( ! comp>ative value ( moral & positive in/itutions1 x %\ld n be ov]look$ t sometimes1 ob$i5ce to a positive rite is m indicative ( an ob$i5t _s1 ?an ob$i5ce to a moral rule4 ,! latt] is urg$ by its intr9sic propriety1 ov] & above ! comm&1 & appeals to sev]al ( our f9] impulses4 ,! =m] re/s s+ly on our rev]5ce = ! w ( ,god4 ,!re are _m :o w\ld repel a temptation to /eal1 or to lie1 :o yet are ins5sible to ! duty ( baptism or ! ,"l's supp]4 #aec ,matt4 ix4 #ac1 & xii4 #g4 #aed ,hosea vi4 #f4 #aee ,see ,matt4 xii4 #g4 #aef ,see *4 iii4 #aeg ,dr4 ,,angus judici\sly rem>ks on ?is s5t5ce1 8,?is s5tim5t1 z und]/ood by ,butl]1 is j1 b v liable to abuse4 ,cle>ly1 ! ,bible mu/ be s int]pret$ z to agree ) all kn[n tru?1 :e!r ( natural religion or natural sci5ce4 ,at ! same "t1 to correct ! !ology ( ! ,bible by ! !ology ( nature1 z f9ite & guilty m5 und]/& x1 may involve ! rejection ( ,bible !ology entirely2 & ( ! v light & tea*+ x 0 int5d$ to supply4 ,! conv]se ( ,butl]'s /atem5t is equally true1 & ev5 m important4 ,if 9 natural !ology !re be f\nd any facts1 ! seem+ lesson ( :i* is contr>y to reveal$ religion1 su* seem+ lesson is n ! real "o40 ,practically1 x w be f\nd t seem+ mean+s ( ,scripture1 really errone\s1 are correct$ by o!r p>ts ( ,scripture itself4 ,i und]/& ,butl] z only affirm+ t we mu/ int]pret ,scripture accord+ to immutable pr9ciples1 & kn[n tru?4 ,! infidel rejects x = n con=m+ to 8 assum$ hypo!sis4 #aeh ,p4 #bjc4 #aei ,*aps4 iii41 iv41 v41 vi4 #afj ,*ap4 vii4 #afa ,p4 #agb4 #afb ,papi/s urge t ! actual conv]sion ( ! bread & w9e 9 ! ,eu*>i/ is an invisible miracle4 ,b an invisible miracle is su* because wr\ght "u circum/ances :i* exclude exam9ation3 :ile transub/antiation invites & facilitates exam9ation4 ,x is wr\ght publicly1 & con/antly1 & yet _c be discov]$ to be a miracle4 ,inde$ x supposes ! work+ ( a second miracle1 to make ! fir/ invisible4 #afc ,paley %[s conclusively t a d5ial ( miracles leads n only to a d5ial ( revelation1 b a d5ial ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 all ( ^: extraord9>y acts are necess>ily miracul\s4 #afd ,,:ately1 9 8 ,logic1 b4 iii41 has %[n ! folly ( ! ,dei/ical attempts to expla9 our ,savior's miracles z m]e natural ev5ts4 ,hav+ labor$ to %[ ?is ( "s "o ( ! miracles1 !y !n d s z to ano!r1 & !nce inf] t all 7 accid5tal conjunctures ( natural circum/ances4 ,he says1 !y might z well argue 8t because x is n improbable "o may ?r[ sixes once 9 a hundr$ ?r[s1 !re=e x is no m improbable t "o may ?r[ sixes a hundr$ times runn+40 ,,fitzg]ald says1 8! improbability ( a :ole s]ies ( /range natural ev5ts1 tak+ place unacc\ntably1 "o aft] ano!r1 am\nts to a f> great] improbability ?an is involv$ 9 ! admission ( miracles40 #afe ,t man1 at fir/1 mu/ h _h sup]natural in/ructions1 or 9 o!r words "s revelations1 is %[n by ,ar*bi%op ,,:ately 9 8 8,orig9 ( ,civilization40 ,rev4 ,,samuel ,,/anhope ,,smi? expresses 8 conviction1 bo? f reason & hi/ory1 t man 9 8 savage /ate c\ld n ev5 h pres]v$ life )\t in/ruction f 8 ,creator4 #aff ,! ma9t5ance by ! ,jews1 ( a sy/em ( pure ,!ism1 ?r\gh s _m & s rude ages1 )\t be+ sup]ior1 or ev5 equal to _! neighbors1 9 sci5ce & civilization1 c only be acc\nt$ = on ! presumption ( a revelation4 #afg ,p4 #aff1 c4 #afh ,,mills 7,logic1 *ap4 #bd1 #e17 po9ts out :at he deems a mi/ake ( 8"s ( ! writ]s aga9/ ,hume on ,miracles10 9 conf\nd+ ! improbability ( an ev5t1 be=e its occurr5ce1 ) ! improbability aft]w>ds2 t is1 consid]+ !m equal 9 degree4 ,he fully proves t ! great ,laplace fell into ?is error1 & ! /ud5t %\ld consult ! passage4 ,pr(4 ,,fitzg]ald holds ,butl] to h fall5 into ! mi/ake adv]t$ to by ,mills2 & quotes ! latt] au?or 9 a way :i* seems to make him say t su* is 8 op9ion also4 ,i d n s und]/& ,mills1 nor d ,i see t ,butl] has conf\nd$ ^! mean+s2 b ! v contr>y4 ,he expressly affirms1 & mo/ truly1 t ! /ronge/ presumption may lie aga9/ 8! mo/ ord9>y facts be=e ! pro( :i* yet is ov]come by almo/ any pro(40 ,butl]'s position "h1 may be ?us illu/rat$4 ,suppose a hundr$ numb]s to be put 9 a box1 & x is propos$ to draw out ! numb] #db4 ,n[ !re are #ii *ances to #a aga9/ draw+ t1 or any o!r giv5 numb]4 ,b suppose a *ild tells y he put ! hundr$ numb]s into a box1 & drew out "o1 & x prov$ to be #db2 y at once believe1 = t 0 z likely to come z any o!r4 ,! pro( ( ,*ri/ianity f prophecy becomes amaz+ly /rong1 ?us view$4 ,!re are _m pr$ictions1 = in/ance t ,*ri/ %\ld be born at a c]ta9 "t1 & place1 & "u c]ta9 v p>ticul> circum/ances4 ,! probabilities aga9/ su* a conjuncture ( ev5ts are almo/ inf9ite2 yet !y happ5$ exactly z =etold4 #afi ,= in/ance1 a mass ( ice or sn[1 may imp]ceptibly accumulate = an age1 & !n sudd5ly fall & ov]:elm a village4 ,or a planet1 or comet1 may h be5 gradually ne>+ our e>? = a million ( ye>s1 )\t produc+1 z yet1 any effect on our orbit2 b 9 process ( "t1 its proximity may "w great *anges 9 our condition4 #agj ,p4 #bjh4 #aga #a ,cor4 i4 #bh4 #agb ,see ,*ap4 vi4 #agc ,see ,*ap4 vi4 #agd ,see note1 page #bah4 #age ,p4 #bbj4 #agf ,x is n to be und]/ood t ,butl] w\ld n h ! ord9>y rules ( int]pretation appli$ to ! ,holy ,scriptures4 ,because ! int]pretation1 8if n ga!r$ out ( ! words1 mu/ be br\ght into !m40 ,we _c int]pret !m z if we knew be=eh&1 :at ! ,holy ,gho/ meant to say2 z ,,sp9oza proposes to d1 9 8 ,philosophia ,scriptur ,int]pretes4 ,! /ud5t w d well to consult ,,b5son',s ,hulsean ,lectures on ,scripture ,difficulties3 ,,k+',s ,morsels ( ,criticism3 ,,/orr1 ,ex]tationes ,exeget43 ,,mi*aelis1 ,introd4 ad4 ,nov4 ,te/43 & ,,featley',s ,key4 #agg ,pp4 #bjg1 #bjh4 #agh ,see #a ,cor4 xii4 #a-aj3 xiii4 #a3 & xiv4 #a-ai4 #agi 8,! p[] ( heal+1 or work+ miracles1 is1 dur+ ! :ole c\rse ( its op]ation1 "o cont9u$ arre/ or div]sion ( ! g5]al laws ( matt] & motion4 ,x 0 !re=e fit t ?is p[] %\ld be giv5 occasionally4 ,b ! speak+ ) tongues1 :5 once ! gift 0 conf]r$1 became !nce=? a natural p[]2 j z ! free use ( memb]s ( ! body1 aft] be+ re/or$1 by miracle1 to ! ex]cise ( _! natural functions4 ,9 heal+1 ! apo/les are to be consid]$ z ! work]s ( a miracle2 9 speak+ /range tongues1 z p]sons on :om a miracle is p]=m$40--,,w>burton1 ,doct4 ( ,grace1 b4 i4 *4 iii4 #ahj ,heb4 vi4 #a4 #aha ,acts iii4 #ba4 #ahb ,! doctr9e ( 8developm5t0 has ( late be5 popul> 9 "s qu>t]s4 ,butl] "h %[s ! only safe notion we may ent]ta9 on t subject4 8,exact ?\ght1 & c>eful consid]ation0 may %[ u h[ to confute speci\s h]esies1 exp\nd emb>rass+ passages1 dissipate pa9ful d\bts1 & remove _m prejudices or misappreh5sions4 ,b revelation is complete z x /&s4 ,we may hope = progress 9 !ology z 9 o!r sci5ces2 n 9 ! developm5t ( new facts or fai?1 z ,papi/s & ,soc9ians pret5d1 b 9 ! increase ( s\nd wisdom1 aid$ by a m p]fect int]pretation ( ,god's ^w4 #ahc ,*ap4 vi4 #ahd ,*ap4 v4 #ahe ,*ap4 vii4 #ahf ,*ap4 iv4 latt] "p1 & v4 vi4 #ahg ,?is pregnant p>agraph %\ld receive v full att5tion4 ,we "k mu* ( m51 little ( ,god4 ,:at m5 are likely to d1 or say1 9 c]ta9 circum/ances1 is (t5 v cle>2 & g5]ally may be guess$ at4 ,b :at ,god w\ld d or say 9 new cont+5cies1 :o %all attempt to prescribe or pr$ict8 ,we are poorly qualifi$ to ass]t t su* & su* decl>ations c\ld n h come f inf9ite wisdom2 b we are q compet5t to affirm t su* & su* ?+s c\ld n h come f human contrivance or en?usiasm4 #ahh ,9 ! =ego+ *apt]4 #ahi ,"p ,i1 *4 vii41 to :i* ?is all along ref]s4 #aij 8,x is ! la/ /ep ( reason to "k !re is an inf9ity ( ?+s :i* surpass x40--,,pascal4 8,! wall ( adamant :i* b\nds human inquiry1 has sc>cely ev] be5 discov]$ by any adv5tur]1 till he 0 ar\s$ by ! %ock t drove him back40--,sir ,,jas4 ,,mack9to%4 8,( ! d>k p>ts ( revelation !re are two sorts3 "o :i* may be cle>$ up by ! /udi\s2 ! o!r :i* w always reside )9 ! %ad[ ( ,god's ?rone :]e x w\ld be impiety to intrude40--,,w>burton4 8,a ,*ri/ianity )\t my/]y is z unphilosophical z x is unscriptural40--,,angus4 #aia ,john xi4 #eb4 #aib #b ,pet] iii4 #ac4 #aic #a ,pet] i4 #aa1 #ab4 #aid ,phil4 ii4 #f-aa4 #aie ,! influ5ces ( ! ,holy ,_s are n only 8giv5 to good m510 b are s5t ^u _m :o live unm9dful ( et]nity1 quick5+ _! consci5ces1 enlight5+ _! und]/&+s & arre/+ _! passions1 & ?us x is !y are conv]t$ unto ! tru? 9 ,*ri/4 #aif ,john xiv4 #b4 #aig ,john v4 #bb1 #bc4 #aih ,matt4 xxviii4 #ah4 #aii #a ,cor4 xv4 #bh4 #bjj #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 #bja ,p4 #agd1 c4 #bjb #a ,cor4 i4 #ah-be4 #bjc ,pp4 #agh1 #agi4 #bjd ,pp4 #ahj1 #aha4 #bje ,p4 #agb1 c4 #bjf 8,provid5ce hurries n himself to display to-day ! consequ5ce ( ! pr9ciple he ye/]day ann\nc$4 ,he w draw x out 9 ! lapse ( ages ,ev5 accord+ to our reason+ logic is none ! less sure1 because x is sl[40--,,guizot on ,civilization1 ,lect4 ,i4 ,h[ impressively is ?is s5tim5t su/a9$ by mod]n geology1 & a/ronomy6 #bjg 8,philosoph]s make %ameful & dang]\s mi/akes1 :5 !y judge ( ! ,div9e economy4 ,he _c1 !y tell u1 act ?us1 x w\ld be contr>y to 8 wisdom1 or 8 ju/ice1 c4 ,b :ile !y make ^! p]emptory ass]tions !y %[ !mselves to be unacqua9t$ ) ! fundam5tal rules ( _! own sci5ce1 & ) ! orig9 ( all late improvem5ts4 ,true philosophy w\ld beg9 ! o!r way1 ) obs]v+ ! con/itution ( ! _w1 h[ ,god has made u1 & 9 :at circum/ances he has plac$ u1 & !n f :at he has done1 =m a sure judgm5t :at he w\ld d4 ,?us might !y le>n #8! invisible ?+s ( ,god f ^? :i* are cle>ly se5' ! ?+s :i* are n accompli%$ f ^? :i* are40--,,p[ell',s ,use & ,abuse ( ,philosophy4 #bjh #a ,tim4 ii4 #e4 #bji ,! int]position ( a man ( kn[n probity & wor? (t5 saves ! ?\ghtless or ! guilty f puni%m5t4 ,m$iation is se5 9 a ?\s& =ms 9 ! arrangem5ts ( social life2 & ! common s5se ( all mank9d approves ( x4 ,! release ( ! (f5d+1 by ! int]cession ( ! good1 & all ! b5efits ( advice1 caution1 example1 in/ruction1 p]suasion1 & au?ority1 are in/ances ( m$iation4 #baj ,,mr4 ,,newman notices a di/9ction betwe5 ! facts ( revelation1 & its pr9ciples2 & consid]s ! argum5t f analogy m conc]n$ ) its pr9ciples ?an ) its facts4 8,! reveal$ facts are special & s+ul>1 f ! nature ( ! case1 b ! reveal$ pr9ciples are common to all ! works ( ,god2 & if ! ,au?or ( nature be ! au?or ( grace1 x may be expect$ t ! pr9ciples display$ 9 !m w be ! same1 & =m a connect+ l9k betwe5 !m4 ,9 ?is id5tity ( pr9ciple1 lies ! analogy ( natural & reveal$ religion1 9 ,butl]'s s5se ( ! ^w4 ,! ,inc>nation is a fact1 & _c be p>allel$ by any ?+ 9 nature3 ! doctr9e ( m$iation is a pr9ciple1 & is abundantly exemplifi$ 9 nature40--,essay on ,developm5ts4 #baa ,! /ud5t w f9d ! inadequacy ( rep5tance to cancel guilt1 beautifully exhibit$ by ,,wayl&1 ,mor4 ,sci5ce3 ,,magee1 ,atonem5t3 ,,h[e1 ,liv+ ,temple4 #bab ,p4 #bcb1 c4 #bac ,john iii4 #af4 #bad ,x _c1 ,i suppose1 be imag9$1 ev5 by ! mo/ cursory read]1 t x is1 9 any sort1 affirm$ or impli$ 9 any ?+ said 9 ?is *apt]1 t none c h ! b5efit ( ! g5]al r$emption1 b su* z h ! advantage ( be+ made acqua9t$ ) x 9 ! pres5t life4 ,b x may be ne$ful to m5tion1 t sev]al que/ions1 :i* h be5 br\ght into ! subject be=e u1 & det]m9$1 are n 9 ! lea/ ent]$ into "h1 que/ions :i* h be51 ,i fe>1 ra%ly det]m9$1 & p]haps ) equal ra%ness contr>y ways4 ,= in/ance1 :e!r ,god c\ld h sav$ ! _w by o!r means ?an ! dea? ( ,*ri/1 consi/5tly ) ! g5]al laws ( 8 gov]nm5t4 ,& _h n ,*ri/ come into ! _w1 :at w\ld h be5 ! future condition ( ! bett] sort ( m52 ^? j p]sons ov] ! face ( ! e>?1 = :om ,manasses 9 8 pray],a ass]ts1 rep5tance 0 n appo9t$4 ,! mean+ ( ! fir/ ( ^! que/ions is greatly ambigu\s3 & nei!r ( !m c prop]ly be answ]$1 )\t go+ ^u t inf9itely absurd supposition1 t we "k ! :ole ( ! case4 ,& p]haps ! v inquiry1 ,:at w\ld h foll[$1 if ,god _h n done z he has1 may h 9 x "s v great impropriety3 & ought n to be c>ri$ on any fur!r ?an is necess>y to help our p>tial & inadequate conceptions ( ?+s4 ,a ,! 8pray] ( ,manasses0 is "o ( ! apocryphal books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 :i* next prec$es 8,maccabees40 #bae ,john i41 & viii4 #ab4 #baf ,rom4 iii4 #be1 v4 #aa3 #a ,cor4 v4 #g3 ,eph4 v4 #b3 #a ,john ii4 #b3 ,matt xxvi4 #bh4 #bag ,john i4 #bi1 #cf1 & ?r\gh\t ! book ( ,revelation4 #bah ,?r\gh\t ! epi/le to ! ,hebrews4 #bai ,isa4 liii43 ,dan4 ix4 #bd3 ,ps4 cx4 #d4 #bbj ,heb4 x4 #a4 #bba ,heb4 viii4 #d1 #e4 #bbb ,heb4 x4 #d1 #e1 #g1 #i1 #aj4 #bbc ,heb4 ix4 #bh4 #bbd ,john xi4 #ea1 #eb4 #bbe #a ,pet4 iii4 #ah4 #bbf ,matt4 xx4 #bh3 ,m>k x4 #de3 #a ,tim4 ii4 #f4 #bbg #b ,pet4 ii4 #a3 ,rev4 xiv4 #d3 #a ,cor4 vi4 #bj4 #bbh #a ,pet4 i4 #ai3 ,rev4 v4 #i3 ,gal4 iii4 #ac4 #bbi ,heb4 vii4 #be3 #a ,john ii4 #a1 #b4 #bcj ,heb4 ii4 #aj43 v4 #i4 #bca #b ,cor4 v4 #ai3 ,rom4 v4 #aj3 ,eph4 ii4 #af4 #bcb ,heb4 ii4 #ad4 ,see also a rem>kable passage 9 ! book ( ,job1 xxxiii4 #bd4 #bcc ,phil4 ii4 #h1 #i3 ,john iii4 #ce1 & v4 #bb1 #bc4 #bcd ,rev4 v4 #ab1 #ac4 #bce ,john vi4 #ad4 #bcf ,p4 #ahh1 c4 #bcg ,eph4 iv4 #ab1 #ac4 #bch ,john xiv4 #b1 #c3 ,rev4 iii4 #ba1 & xi4 #ae4 #bci #b ,!ss4 i4 #h4 #bdj ,heb4 ix4 #bf4 #bda ,consult ,,magee1 on ,atonem5t3 ,,/apf]i ,in/itutiones3 ,,turret91 ,de ,satisfactione3 ,,*alm]s1 ,disc\rses3 ,,ow51 ,satis4 ( ,*ri/4 #bdb ,p4 #aid1 c4 #bdc ,?is objection is ably urg$ by ,,t9dall4 ,! answ] ( our au?or is complete4 ,we %\ld rememb]1 t twice 9 ! hi/ory ( mank9d1 revelation has be5 univ]sal4 ,! fir/ pair1 & ! occupants ( ! ark1 compris$ ! :ole population4 ,b h[ soon 0 light reject$6 ,*ri/ianity is univ]sal1 9 nature & int5tion2 is to become s 9 fact2 & accord+ to a v probable con/ruction ( prophecy1 w cont9ue to be univ]sal1 = ?ree hundr$ & sixty ?\s& ye>s4 #bdd ,may n ?is be a pr9cipal object ( ! ,apocalypse8 ,z ! book ( ,daniel furni%$ a con/ant & p[]ful support to ! fai? ( ! ,jew1 by ! con/ant developm5t ( prophecy1 s ! ,apocalypse1 rightly /udi$ mu/ p[]fully1 & ?r\gh all "t1 support ! fai? ( ! ,*ri/ian by ! cont9ual unfold+ & v]ification ( its pr$ictions4 #bde #b ,cor4 viii4 #ab4 #bdf ,introduction4 #bdg ,"p ,i4 *ap4 v4 #bdh ,"p ,i4 *ap4 iv4 & pp4 #aef1 #aeg4 #bdi ,pp4 #aef1 #aeg4 #bej ,dan4 xii4 #aj4 ,see also ,isa4 xxix4 #ac1 #ad3 ,matt4 vi4 #bc1 & xi4 #be1 & xiii4 #aa1 #ab3 ,john iii4 #ai1 & v4 #dd3 #a ,cor4 ii4 #ad1 & #b ,cor4 iv4 #d3 #b ,tim4 iii4 #ac2 & t affectionate z well z au?oritative admonition1 s v _m times inculcat$1 ,he t ha? e>s to he>1 let him he>4 ,grotius saw s /rongly ! ?+ int5d$ 9 ^! & o!r passages ( ,scripture ( ! l s5se1 z to say1 t ! pro( giv5 u ( ,*ri/ianity 0 less ?an x might h be51 = ?is v purpose3 ,ut ita s]mo ,evangelii tanquam lapis esset ,lydius ad quem +5ia sanabilia explor>5tur4 ,de ,v]4 ,r4 ,c4 lib4 ii4 ,s t ! ,gospel %\ld be a t\*/one1 to te/ ! hone/y ( m5's dispositions4 #bea ,pp4 #ajj1 #beg1 c4 #beb ,see ,,witsii ,meletemeta1 ,diss4 ,,iv43 ,,pfafii ,disput43 ,,campbell on ,miracles3 ,,d\glass' ,crit]ion3 ,,f>m]',s ,diss]tations3 ,,paley',s ,evid43 ,,taylor',s ,apol4 ( ,b5 ,mordecai3 ,,tuck]',s ,light ( ,nat43 ,,watson',s ,tracts1 vol4 iv43 ,,jort9',s ,s]mons3 ,bp4 ,,fleetwood',s ,essays3 ,,boyle ,lectures3 ,,l>dn]',s ,cr$ibility4 #bec 8,! miracles ( ! ,jewi% hi/orian1 are intimately connect$ ) all ! civil affairs1 & make a necess>y & insep>able "p4 ,! :ole hi/ory is f\nd$ 9 !m2 x consi/s ( little else2 & if x 7 n a hi/ory ( !m1 x w\ld be a hi/ory ( no?+40--,,bol+broke1 ,po/hum\s ,works1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bgi4 #bed ,an admirable "w on ?is recondite mode ( prov+ ! tru? ( ! ,new ,te/am5t n>rative1 is ,,paley',s ,hor ,paul94 ,! same dep>tm5t ( evid5ce is ably h&l$ by ,,birk1 9 8 ,hor ,evangelic1 & ,hor ,apo/olic3 ,,graves on ! ,p5tateu*3 & ,,blunt 9 8 8,undesign$ ,co9cid5ces bo? ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t40 ,,grotius1 ,de ,v]itate1 has "s excell5t passages on ! same subject4 #bee ,clem4 ,rom4 ,ep4 #a4 c4 #dg4 ,,clem5t1 :o is "h quot$1 liv$ 9 ! fir/ c5tury1 & is m5tion$ ,phil4 iv4 #c4 ,8 epi/le to ! ,cor9?ians1 writt5 9 ,greek1 conta9s ! passage "h ref]r$ to1 :i* may be ?us translat$3 8,take ! lett] ( ! bless$ ,paul ! ,apo/le4 ,:at did he write to y1 9 ! fir/ beg9n+ ( ! ,gospel8 ,truly he s5t y a div9ely inspir$ lett] ab\t himself1 & ,cephas1 & ,apollos40 #bef ,gal4 i43 #a ,cor4 xi4 #bc1 c43 #a ,cor4 xv4 #h4 #beg ,rom4 xv4 #ai3 #a ,cor4 xii4 #h1 #i1 #aj-bh1 c41 & xiii4 #a1 #b1 #h1 & ! :ole #ad? *apt]3 #b ,cor4 xii4 #ab1 #ac3 ,gal4 iii4 #b1 #e4 #beh ,see ! ,koran1 *ap4 xiii4 & *ap4 xvii4 #bei ,,mahomet expressly decl>es t he work$ no public miracles 9 confirmation ( 8 mission1 8because ! =m] nations h *>g$ !m ) impo/ure40 ,he claims1 h[ev]1 to h _h private miracul\s assurances ( 8 mission1 & mo/ prepo/]\s !y 74 ,,:ately1 9 8 ,*ri/ian ,evid5ces1 has h&l$ ?is aspect ( miracles ) great ability4 ,see also ,,paley',s ,evid5ces1 sec4 #c3 & ,,gibbon',s ,decl9e & ,fall1 *ap4 #a4 #bfj ,,alex&]1 9 8 ,evid5ces1 & sev]al o!r writ]s h plac$ ?is argum5t 9 a v conv9c+ light4 ,,arnobius1 "o ( ! e>lie/ ,*ri/ian writ]s1 asks1 8,%all we say t ! m5 ( ^? times 7 inconsid]ate1 deceitful1 /upid1 & bruti% en\gh to feign hav+ se5 :at !y nev] saw8 & t :5 !y might h liv$ 9 peace & com=t1 !y *ose gratuit\s hatr$ & obloquy80 ,! rejection ( ,*ri/ianity by s _m 9 ! fir/ age 0 ! result ( ! cont9u$ action ( p]sonal & h]$it>y prejudice & depravity1 capable ( resi/+ any supposable evid5ce4 ,! reception ( ,*ri/ianity by multitudes1 "u ! same evid5ces1 & to _! imm$iate p]sonal damage1 %[s /rongly t !re 0 en\gh evid5ce to produce ^? effects4 ,?us ! rejection by "s does n c\nt]vail ! acceptance by o!rs4 #bfa ,p4 #bid1 c4 #bfb ,comp>e ,,butl]',s ,s]mons2 on ,balaam1 & on ,self-deceit4 #bfc ,see ! =ego+ *apt]4 #bfd 8,:5ev] a g5]al s*eme is kn[n to be pursu$ by a writ]1 t s*eme becomes ! true key 9 ! h&s ( 8 read]1 = unlock+ ! mean+ ( p>ticul> p>ts1 :i* w\ld o!rwise n be se5 cle>ly to ref] to su* s*eme4 ,! inspir$ writ]s _h "o common & pr$om9ant s*eme 9 view1 :i* 0 to be> te/imony to ,jesus4 ,:atev] passages occur 9 _! writ+s1 :i* be> an apt & easy resemblance to ! hi/ory ( ,jesus1 may1 or r mu/ 9 all reasonable con/ruction1 be appli$ to him40--,,hurd on ! ,proph41 p4 #aag4 #bfe ,consult on ?is po9t1 ,,gulick1 ,!ologia ,prophetica3 ,,vitr+a1 ,obs]vationes3 ,,h5g/5burg1 ,*ri/ologia3 ,,horsley',s ,tracts & ,s]mons3 ,,k+',s ,morsels ( ,criticism3 ,,waugh',s ,diss]tations3 ,,lyall',s ,propdia ,prophetica4 #bff ,x appe>s t ,porphyry did no?+ wor? m5tion+ 9 ?is way4 ,= ,j]ome on ! place says3 ,duas po/]iores be/ias--9 uno ,mac$onum regno ponit4 ,& z to ! t5 k+s2 ,decem reges enum]at1 qui fu]unt svissimi3 ipsosque reges non unius ponit regni1 v]bi gratia1 ,mac$oni1 ,syri1 ,asi1 et gypti2 s$ de div]sis regnis unum efficit regum ord9em4 8,! two latt] bea/s he places 9 "o ( ! ,mac$onian k+doms40 8,he reckons up t5 k+s :o _h be5 excessively cruel & ^! n k+s ( "o c\ntry1 z ,mac$onia1 = in/ance1 or ,syria1 or ,asia1 or ,egypt2 b makes up 8 set ( k+s out ( diff]5t k+doms40 ,9 ?is way ( int]pretation1 any ?+ may be made ( any ?+4 #bfg ,p4 #ahi1 c4 #bfh ,john i4 #c4 #bfi ,eph4 iii4 #i4 #bgj ,acts iii4 #ba4 #bga ,rev4 x4 #g4 #bgb ,dan4 ii4 #dd4 #bgc ,dan4 vii4 #bb4 #bgd ,rev4 xi4 #ag1 #ah2 xx4 #f4 #bge ,dan4 vii4 #bg4 #bgf ,*ap4 ii4 iii4 c4 #bgg ,deut4 xxviii4 #fd2 xxx4 #b1 #c3 ,isa4 xlv4 #ag4 #bgh ,isa4 lx4 #ba3 ,j]4 xxx4 #aa2 xlvi4 #bh3 ,amos ix4 #ad1 #ae3 ,j]4 xxxi4 #cf4 #bgi ,isa4 viii4 #ad1 #ae2 xlix4 #e2 *ap4 liii43 ,mal4 i4 #aj1 #aa1 & *ap4 iii4 #bhj ,isa4 xlix4 #f1 *ap4 ii41 *ap1 xi41 *ap4 lvi4 #g3 ,mal4 i4 #aa4 ,to :i* mu/ be add$1 ! o!r prophecies ( ! l k9d1 sev]al 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & v _m 9 ! ,old2 :i* describe :at %all be ! completion ( ! reveal$ plan ( ,provid5ce4 #bha ,see ,,davidson',s ,disc4 on ,proph43 ,,blaney on ,daniel's ,,lxx4 ,weeks3 ,,hurd',s ,introd4 to ! ,/udy ( ,proph43 ,,jort9',s ,s]4 at ,boyle ,lect43 ,,full]',s ,gosp4 its own ,witness1 "p ii43 ,,waugh',s ,diss43 ,,ap?orpe',s ,disc\rses4 #bhb ,p4 #bej4 #bhc ,hundr$s ( in/ances might be adduc$1 9 :i* pr(ane hi/orians corroborate ! /atem5ts ( ! ,scriptures4 ,! foll[+ are m]ely specim5s3 ,,diodorus ,,siculus1 ,,/rabo1 ,,tacitus1 ,,pl9y1 & ,,sol9us1 speak ( ! de/ruction ( ,sodom & ,gomorrah4 ,! lives ( ,david & ,solomon are giv5 9 ! rema9s ( ! ,,ph,,nician ,,annals1 9 ,,damasc5us1 & ,,eupolemus4 ,,m5&] describes ! c>ry+ away ( ! ,t5 ,tribes by ,salmanasor4 ,,suetonius1 ,,tacitus1 ,,pl9y ! y\ng]1 & ,,num5ius1 speak ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,8 miracles are own$ by ,,celsus1 ,,porphyry1 ,,julian1 & ,jewi% writ]s oppos$ to ,*ri/ianity4 ,,suetonius1 ,,tacitus1 ,,pl9y1 ,,julian1 & o!rs describe 8 be+ put to dea?2 & ,,tacitus says t _m 7 put to dea? = adh]+ to 8 religion4 ,,phlegon m5tions ! miracles ( ,pet]2 & ,paul is enum]at$ among em95t au?ors1 9 a fragm5t ( ,,long9us4 #bhd ,?is ?\ght is elaborat$ ) skill by ,,:ately 9 8 8,hi/oric ,d\bts40 ,he takes up all ! popul> infidel objections z to ! life ( ,*ri/1 & applies !m ) undim9i%$ or ev5 increas$ =ce aga9/ ! evid5ces t su* a man z ,buonap>te ev] exi/$4 ,,johnson 9 a lively sally once said--8#8,x is easy to be on ! negative side4 ,i d5y t ,canada is tak54 ,! ,fr5* are a mu* m num]\s p ?an we2 & x is n likely !y w\ld all[ u to take x4' #8,b ! ,gov]nm5t h ann\nc$ ! fact4' #8,v true4 ,b ! m9i/ry h put u to an enorm\s exp5se by ! w> 9 ,am]ica1 & x is _! int]e/ to p]suade u t we h got some?+ = our money4' #8,b ! fact is confirm$ by ?\s&s :o 7 at ! tak+ ( x4' #8,aye1 b ^! m5 h an int]e/ 9 deceiv+ u3 !y don't want y %\ld ?9k ! ,fr5* h beat !m4 ,n[ suppose y g ov] & f9d x s1 t w\ld only satisfy y\rself2 = :5 y come back we w n believe y4 ,we w say y h be5 brib$4'0--,,boswell4 #bhe ,p4 #bfg1 c4 #bhf ,p4 #bgj1 c4 #bhg ,deut4 xxviii4 #cg4 #bhh ,all ! p>ticul> ?+s m5tion$ 9 ?is *apt]1 n r$ucible to ! head ( c]ta9 miracles1 or det]m9ate completions ( prophecy4 ,see p4 #bfc4 #bhi ,butl] /ates ?is argum5t ) m ?an 8 usual brevity1 & its =ce is n se5 )\t reflection4 8,if contrivance or accid5t c\ld h giv5 to ,*ri/ianity any ( its app>5t te/imonies1 its miracles1 its prophecies1 its morals1 its propagation1 or ! "* ( its f\nd]1 !re c\ld be no room to believe1 or ev5 imag9e1 t all ^! appe>ances ( great cr$ibility1 c\ld be unit$ toge!r1 by any su* means4 ,if successful craft c\ld h contriv$ its public miracles1 or ! pret5ce ( !m1 x requires ano!r rea* ( craft1 to adopt its prophecies to ! same object4 ,fur!r1 x requir$ n only a diff]5t1 b a totally opposite art to conceive & promulgate its admirable morals4 ,aga91 its propagation1 9 defiance ( ! p[]s & t]rors ( ! _w1 impli$ /ill o!r qualities ( action4 ,la/ly1 ! model ( ! life ( its f\nd]1 is a "w ( su* orig9ality & wisdom1 z c\ld be ! (fspr+ only ( consummate p[]s ( inv5tion1 or r nev] c\ld h be5 devis$1 b mu/ h come f real life4 ,! hypo!sis s9ks "u its incr$ibility4 ,ea* ( ^! suppositions ( contrivance1 be+ arbitr>y & unsupport$1 ! climax ( !m is an extravagance40--,,davison1 on ,prophecy4 #bij #a ,john iv4 #ah4--8,!re is no fe> 9 love10 c4 #bia ,ob$i5ce f dread1 if x cont9ue to be ! only motive1 precludes advance t[>d p]fection2 = 8,he t fe>e? is n made p]fect 9 love40 ,b ob$i5ce f a disc]nm5t ( ! reasonabl5ess & b5efic5ce ( religion1 & ( ! p]fections ( its ,au?or1 increases love till x 8ca/e? out fe>40 #bib ,see a discussion ( ?is subject1 9 ,,bayle',s ,hi/orical & ,biographical ,diction>y3 art4 ,,x5ophanes3 notes ,d1 ,e1 ,f1 ,g4 #bic ,see ,diss]tation ,,ii4 #bid ,x is rem>k$ by ,,dean ,,fitzg]ald1 t 8,x is n inconceivable t ! ,almighty %\ld apply su* a te/ ( m5's c&or & fidelity1 z %\ld require !m fir/ to act ^u a ?+ z true1 be=e !y 7 s fully satisfi$ ( its tru? z to leave no d\bt rema9+4 ,su* a c\rse ( action might be ! appo9t$1 & = all we "k1 ! only possible way ( ov]com+ habits ( ?\ght & feel+1 repugnant to ! belief dem&$1 s t a fix$ religi\s fai? might be ! rew>d1 z x 71 ( a s9c]e c\rse ( prud5t behavior40 #bie ,by argu+ ^u ! pr9ciples ( o!rs1 ! read] w obs]ve is meant1 n prov+ any ?+ f ^? pr9ciples1 b not)/&+ !m4 ,?us religion is prov$1 n f ! op9ion ( necessity2 :i* is absurd3 b1 not)/&+ or ev5 ?\gh t op9ion 7 admitt$ to be true4 #bif ,p4 #ada1 c4 #big ,prov4 xx4 #bg4 #bih ,s]m4 at ! ,rolls1 p4 #ajf4 #bii ,john iii4 #af3 ,heb4 v4 #i4 #cjj ,p4 #beh1 c4 #cja ,locke's ,works1 vol4 i4 p4 #adf4 #cjb ,locke1 pp4 #adf1 #adg4 #cjc ,locke1 p4 #aeb4 #cjd ,see an answ] to ,dr4 ,cl>ke's ,?ird ,def5ce ( 8 ,lett] to ,mr4 ,podwell1 #b;d edit4 p4 #dd1 #ef1 c4 #cje 8,"o is cont9ually rem9d$ ?r\gh\t ?is diss]tation1 ( :at is call$ ,! common-s5se s*ool ( ,scot* metaphysicians4 ,nor c !re be any d\bt t ,,reid1 9 p>ticul>1 0 l>gely indebt$ to ,butl]1 ( ^: writ+s he 0 a dilig5t /ud5t1 = =m+ t sob] & manly "* ( und]/&+ :i* is1 ,i ?9k1 8 great m]it40--,,fitzg]ald4 #cjf ,?is way ( speak+ is tak5 f ,epictetus1,a & is made use ( z seem+ ! mo/ full1 & lea/ liable to cavil4 ,& ! moral faculty may be und]/ood to h ^! two epi!ts1 & applaud+ & condemn+ ^u a d\ble acc\nt2 because1 ^u a survey ( actions1 :e!r be=e or aft] !y are done1 x det]m9es !m to be good or evil2 & also because x det]m9es itself to be ! guide ( action & ( life1 9 contradi/9ction f all o!r faculties1 or natural pr9ciples ( action2 9 ! v same mann] z speculative reason directly & naturally judges ( speculative tru? & falsehood3 & at ! same "t is att5d$ ) a consci\sness ^u reflection1 t ! natural "r to judge ( !m belongs to x4 ,a ,arr4 ,epict4 lib4 i4 cap4 i4 #cjg -- 1 ,virtue & vice are n 9 feel+1 b 9 action1 ,m4 ,anton1 lib4 ix4 #af4 ,virtutis laus omnis 9 actione consi/it4 ,! :ole praise ( virtue1 dep5ds on action4 ,cic4 ,(f4 lib4 i4 cap4 #f4 #cjh ,p4 #ade4 ,,index ,,to ,,"p ,i4 ,,ref]5ces ,,to ,,! ,,editor',s ,,notes ,,are ,,9 ,,brackets4 ,ab/ract reason+s may mislead1 #afb fitness ( ?+s1 note #aff ,actions di/+ui%$ f _! qualities1 #aaa manife/ "*1 #aef rew>d$ & puni%$1 #ih ?is _w a !at] (1 #aef :at sort ex]cise virtue1 #aeb ,active & passive impressions1 #adj ,advantages ( virtue1 #aac may nev] recur1 #aja ,affections1 excit$ by objects1 #ade ne$ control1 #aff "p ( our con/itution1 #adg ,affliction1 a discipl9e1 #aej *iefly ( our own mak+1 #ajj ,ag5t1 ! liv+1 n comp\nd$1 #ha ,ali5ation ( p>ts ( our body1 #hd ,all ?+s made d\ble1 #acg ,allurem5ts1 use (1 #aea ,analogy answ]s objections z to a pres5t /ate ( trial1 #ace z to modes ( exi/5ce1 #gh c>ry+ ! =ce ( positive argum5t1 #aje deals only ) facts1 #aga indicates future puni%m5t1 #aja may am\nt to pro(1 #afh objections :i* x _c answ]1 #aga ! only pro( ( "s ?+s1 #gi ,antiquity ( religion1 #afg ,a!i/s n argu$ )1 9 ?is treatise1 #aha ,beg9n+s ( a righte\s gov]nm5t se5 on e>?1 #ajg ,bible1 tea*es ! exi/5ce ( g5]al laws1 #ii ,bodies n necess>y to u1 #hb n ourselves1 #hc only in/rum5ts1 #he1 #hf _! solid elem5ts1 #hh ,bodily & m5tal habits1 #acd ,bra91 does n ?9k1 #hi ,brahm9ical notion ( dea?1 #ib ,brutes1 are !y immortal81 #hh may h great] /r5g? ?an man1 #aai "u man's control1 #aai ,capacities1 /ate ( 9 infancy1 #hh n de/roy$ by dea?1 #hi n dep5d5t on ! body1 #gi ,causes & ends incompreh5sible1 #agb ,*anges compatible ) id5tity1 #gh1 #hc ,"* manife/$ by probation1 #aef n giv5 b acquir$1 #aee :at x means1 note #afc ,consci5ce1 h[ x acts1 #afd implies gov]nm5t1 #aae a rule1 #afd au?ority1 #afd future retribution1 #afe may be impair$1 #afh p]v]t$1 #afh ,consci\sness an indisc]ptible entity1 #hb presupposes id5tity1 #gg ,consequ5ces may sometimes be avoid$1 #ajb may be =ese51 #ih %[ a moral gov]nm5t1 #ih ,c\rse ( nature con/ant1 #ig ,creatures f9itely p]fect1 #adg may fall1 #adh h ea* a way ( life1 #acg ,dang] ( wrong do+1 h[ increas$1 #acb ,dea? & bir? simil>1 #ia enl>ges our sph]e1 #ib has no p[] ov] matt]1 #ia is n a susp5sion ( our p[]s1 #ia is n our de/ruction1 #hj :at x is1 #hj ,decay ( vegetables1 inf]5ce f1 #ib ,def9itions ( id5tity1 #gg ,deliv]+ up ( ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 #aaa ,de/ruction ( se$s1 #aec ,diff]5t /ates ( human exi/5ce1 #hi ,difficulties belong to all subjects1 #if ex]cise ! virtu\s pr9ciple1 #aeb ,disadvantages ( virtue tempor>y1 #abf ,discipl9e1 its true nature & use1 #adh ,disease n de/ructive to ! s\l1 #ij sometimes rem$ial1 #agg ,disord] produc$ by s91 #adh ,di/ress excites passive pity & active relief1 #adj ,di/ributive ju/ice a natural rule1 #aaj ,div9e gov]nm5t a s*eme1 ,,*ap4 ,,vii4 ,dome/ic gov]nm5t1 #aad ,dreams1 :at !y prove1 #hf ,e>?ly satisfactions atta9able1 #ahc ,effects ( actions on ! actor1 #adc ,ends (t5 produc$ by unlikely means1 #ahj ,enjoym5ts 9 our own p[] to a great degree1 #ie ,error1 h[ spread1 #if ,evid5ce ( natural religion1 #aff ,evil1 may possibly be useful1 #agg its possible orig91 #adg n a necess>y "p ( probation1 #abh ,exceptions to ! happ9ess ( virtue1 #ajh ,exp]i5ce indisp5sable1 #ada ,faculties1 human1 n p]fect at fir/1 #ada ,fall ( man1 #acc1 #adh ,fallacy 9 fatalism1 #afi ,fall5 creatures require discipl9e1 #aej ,fatalism1--see ,necessity4 ,fe> a prop] motive to ob$i5ce1 #aed ,folly1 de/ructive1 z well z crime1 #acb ,=mal notion ( gov]nm5t1 #ii ,f\ndation ( moral improvem5t1 #ajh ,future advantages1 h[ proportion$1 #ic ,future exi/5ce probable1 ,,*ap4 ,i4 ( brutes1 #gi ,future int]e/ dep5d5t on conduct1 #ie ,future life1 a solemn subject1 #ie n an inactive condition1 #add reconcilable ) a!ism1 #id ?is life prep>atory to x1 ,,*ap4 ,v4 ,future puni%m5t cr$ible1 #ajc ,future retribution1 h[ prov$1 #abe ,future /ate diff]5t f ! pres5t1 #gh br+s u into new sc5es1 #ic may h temptations1 #ade social1 #add w n require su* virtues z does ! pres5t life1 #aed ,g5]al laws gov]n ! _w1 #agg1 #ii produce puni%m5t1 #ajc wisdom ( !m1 #agh ,g5]al me?od ( ,god's gov]nm5t1 #ig ,g5]al sy/em ( religion1 #abd ,gradual improvem5t1 a wise arrangem5t1 #ada1 #adb ,,god an intellig5t gov]nor1 #ajf det]m9$ by :at is fit1 #aff gov]ns by human in/rum5ts1 #aaa gov]ns ju/ly1 #ajh has a w & a "*1 #afc 8 aims incompreh5sible1 #ig 8 attributes inf]r$ f our own1 #aae 8 g5]al gov]nm5t1 #ig 8 gov]nm5t j & good1 #agf 8 indirect comm&s1 #afe moral gov]nm5t (1 ,,*ap4 ,,iii4 natural 0 1 0 ,,ii4 necess>ily exi/5t1 #aei n indiff]5t to human actions1 #abe n simply b5evol5t1 #ajf rew>ds & puni%es1 #afi ! only necess>y be+1 #aei ,good actions1 h[ puni%$1 #aaa ,good habits necess>y ev5 to ! virtu\s1 #adi ,good m5 befri5d$ z su*1 #aab _c n[ all unite1 #aba ,good n =c$ ^u u1 #acd ,gov]nm5t1 civil1 an ord9ance ( ,god1 #aaa consid]$ z a s*eme1 ,,*ap4 ,,vii4 ( ,god1 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 n p]fect$ 9 ?is _w1 #ajg ! =mal notion ( x1 #ih ! p]fection (1 #ajf ,habits1 h[ =m$1 c41 #aci necess>y to u h]eaft]1 #ade ( resignation1 #aee (t5 ru9\s1 #aja ( virtue an improvem5t 9 virtue1 #adg passive1 #ach %ape ! "*1 #ada ,happ9ess n always ! imm$iate rew>d ( virtue1 #ajh n giv5 promiscu\sly1 #ach requisites =1 #acg ! result ( virtue1 #aah ,helplessness ( man1 #ach ,high] degrees ( retribution probable1 #abg ,h9d]ances to virtue1 #aba ,hi/ory ( religion1 #afi ,hone/ m5 befri5d ! hone/1 #aab ,hope & fe> appeal to self-love1 #aec are j pr9ciples ( action1 #aed ,human life prep>atory1 #add ,hume's wond]ful discov]y1 #afb ,human p[]s may be ov]task$1 #aeb ,id5tity does n dep5d on ! sam5ess ( ! body1 #hc ( liv+ ag5ts1 #gg1 #gh n explicable1 #gg ,ignorance ackn[l$g$ on all subjects b religion1 #agd answ]s objections1 #age ! argum5t f1 #ahj total1 de/roys pro(1 #agh ,illu/ration ( ! modification ( an action by its int5tion1 #aaa ,imag9ation a s\rce ( discont5t1 #aed produces mu* error1 #ha ,immortality ( brutes1 #hh ,improvem5t by discipl9e1 #add by habit1 #adg ( our faculties gradual1 #ada wisdom ( ?is1 #adb ,incompreh5sibility ( ,god's plans1 #ig ,inconsid]at5ess de/ructive1 #ajb ,inf]iority ( brute =ce1 #aai ,infidelity unju/ifiable1 #aje ,insignificance ( our k1 #agd ,int]e/ co9cid5t ) virtue1 #aed n a suffici5t re/ra9t1 note #adf ,int]positions to prev5t irregul>ities1 #agg w\ld produce evil1 #agh ,int5tional good rew>d$1 #aad ,irregul>ities p]haps unavoidable1 #agg seem+ may n be su*1 #agf ,inw>d peace att5ds virtue1 #aab ,k+dom1 idea ( a p]fect1 #abc ,k ( man insignificant1 #agd ,lib]ty does n acc\nt = ! fall1 #adg impli$ 9 our pres5t condition1 #afb ,life a probation1 #abh "o "p ( x prep>atory to ano!r1 #adb :at is x int5d$ =1 #acg ,liv+ ag5t n subject to dea?1 #gi ,liv+ p[]s1 see ,dea?4 ,locke on human id5tity1 #gg ,maimonides1 8 similitude1 #agc ,man an inf]ior "p ( creation1 #acc a sy/em ( p>ts1 #ih by nature social1 #ic capable ( improvem5t1 #ade connect$ ) pres5t1 pa/1 & future1 #aha dealt ) z if free1 #afb has a moral nature1 #aae 8 fall n acc\nt$ = by 8 free ag5cy1 #adg 8 helplessness1 #ach kn[s no?+ fully1 #agc may become qualifi$ = new /ates1 #acg n a compet5t judge ( ,god's s*emes1 #agd requires moral culture1 #ade ,mania (t5 produc$ by moral causes1 #he ,mat]ialism1 its philosophical absurdity1 #ha ,matt] & m9d n ! same1 #hc affect ea* o!r1 #he ,means le>n$ by exp]i5ce1 #agf man n a compet5t judge ( ! fitness ( !m1 #agh n always agreeable1 #agf ,m5 (t5 miss possible temporal good1 #abi ,m5's temporal int]e/s greatly dep5d on !mselves1 #aca ,might ( un>m$ virtue1 #aba ,m9d influ5c$ by ! passions1 #aca is ! man1 #hg its effects on ! body1 #he may survive ! body1 #hi ! only real p]cipi5t1 #he uses ! body z an in/rum5t1 #hg ,miracles1 prop]ly speak+1 n unnatural1 #id ,mis]ies z cont+5t z conduct1 #ace g5]ally are avoidable1 #ajj ,mixture ( suff]+ & enjoym5t 9 ?is _w1 #abh ,moral & natural gov]nm5t ( ,god simil> to ea* o!r1 #ahd ,moral attributes ( ,god may be inf]r$ f our own1 #aae ,moral discipl9e1 ,,*ap4 ,v4 ,moral gov]nm5t ( ,god1 ,,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,moral improvem5t1 basis (1 #ajh ,moral _w1 its app>5t irregul>ities1 #agf ,my/]y ( ,god1 f9i%$1 note #ajb ,natural1 ! true mean+ ( ! ^w1 #id ,natural gov]nm5t ( ,god1 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,natural religion1 its evid5ces n affect$ by ! doctr9e ( necessity1 #aff pro( (1 #aff tea*es ! doctr9e ( puni%m5t1 #ajb ,necess>y ag5ts may be puni%$1 #afi ,necess>y bulk ( "o's self1 #hd ,necess>y exi/5ce ( ,god1 #aei ,necess>y t5d5cies ( virtue1 #aah ,neglig5ce & folly disa/r\s1 #acb ,necessity consigns u to a fallacy1 #afi contradicts ! con/itution ( nature1 #agj de/roys no pro( ( religion1 #agj diff]5t k9ds (1 #aeg does n exclude design1 #afj doctr9e (1 ,,*ap4 ,,vi4 n an ag5t1 #aei n applicable to practice1 #afc n 9 conflict ) religion1 #afj our condition indicates fre$om1 #afb reconcilable ) religion1 #afh ! doctr9e absurd1 #aeg :at x means1 #aeh writ]s = & aga9/1 #agj ,new sc5es 9 ! next _w1 #ic ,ob$i5ce1 reluctant1 useful1 #aeb ,objections1 aga9/ a pro( & aga9/ a ?+ to be prov$1 #agi aga9/ ! s*eme ( ,provid5ce1 #agd analogy ( plants1 #ib ,*ri/ianity n univ]sal1 #afi c\rse ( nature1 #ig de/ruction ( se$s1 #aec diff]5ce betwe5 temporal & et]nal ?+s1 #ace discipl9e might h be5 avoid$1 #aef ,god simply b5evol5t1 #ajf good & evil may be mix$ 9 ! next _w1 #abd gratification ( appetites natural & prop]1 #ih ignorance1 ! argum5t f invalidates ! pro( ( religion1 #agh immortality ( brutes1 #hg incr$ible t necess>y ag5ts %\ld be puni%$1 #afi irregul>ities ( ! moral _w1 #agf necessity de/roys ! pro( ( religion1 #afe our p[]s may be ov]task$1 #aeb probabilities may be ov]balanc$ by probabilities1 #afi puni%m5ts are only natural ev5ts1 #ii rectitude aris+ f hope & fe>1 sordid1 #aec rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 #ie s9 ne$ n h ent]$ ! _w1 #agg society puni%es good actions1 #aaa special int]positions might prev5t evil1 #agg1 #agh to ! doctr9e ( necessity1 ,,*ap4 ,,vi4 to ! doctr9e ( future puni%m5ts1 #ajj-ajc virtue sometimes puni%$1 #aaa virtues ( ! pres5t life n want$ h]eaft]1 #aed _w discipl9es "s to vice1 #aec ,obligation c]ta91 :5 pro(s are n1 #agi ,occasional disadvantages ( virtue1 #aag ,occasional indulg5ces 9 wrong-do+ awfully dang]\s1 #adc ,"o p]iod ( life prep>atory to ano!r1 #adb ,opportunities once lo/ irrecov]able1 #adc ,organs ( s5se m]e in/rum5ts1 #hi ,our moral nature proves a moral gov]nm5t1 #aae ,pa91 no contrivance = x 9 man1 #aaj ,p>tial ignorance does n de/roy pro(1 #agh ,passions c>ry away ! judgm5t1 #aca make our condition "o ( trial1 #acj may acc\nt = ! fall ( man1 #adg may be excit$ :]e gratification is impossible or unlawful1 #adf may rema9 9 a future /ate1 #adg %\ld be subject to ! moral pr9ciple1 #ade ! b>e excitem5t (1 n crim9al1 #ade b dang]\s1 #adf ,passive habits1 #ach ,passive impressions weak5$ by repetition1 #aci ,passive submission ess5tial1 #aee ,peace ( ! virtu\s1 #aab ,p]ception1 in/rum5ts (1 #he possible )\t in/rum5ts1 #hf ,p]fection ( moral gov]nm5t1 #ajf1 #ajg ( an e>?ly k+dom1 #abc ,p]secution unnatural1 #aaa ,philosophy nev] arrogant1 #agd :at x _c tea*1 #hg ,pleasure n a suffici5t reason = action1 #ih & pa9 mo/ly dep5d on ourselves1 #ie ! di/ribution indicates moral gov]nm5t1 #aje ,p[]s may be improv$ by ex]cise1 #ach may be ov]task$1 #aeb may exi/ & n be ex]cis$1 #hj no reason = suppos+ t dea? w de/roy !m1 #ha ,practical pro(1 :at1 #afh ,pres5t exi/5ce unacc\nt$ = by a!ism1 #id ,presumptions t dea? w de/roy u1 #ha t x w susp5d our exi/5ce1 #ia ,presumptu\sness unju/ifiable1 #aje ,private vices n public b5efits1 #aaa ,probabilities 9 favor ( religion may be ov]balanc$ by probabilities aga9/ x1 #afi ,probation1 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4 applies to ! pres5t life z well z ! future1 #acj does n necess>ily imply suff]+1 #abh implies allurem5ts1 #abi is m ?an moral gov]nm5t1 #abh requires sev]e discipl9e1 #aej ,pro(s ( natural religion1 #aff ( religion n affect$ by ! doctr9e ( necessity1 #afj ,prop5sions necess>ily create temptations1 #adf are excit$ by _! appropriate objects1 #adg ,prop] gratification ( ! appetites1 #ih ,prosp]ity ( a virtu\s community1 #abc may beget discont5t1 #aed ,provid5ce1 objections to ,god's1 #adj1 #agd ,public _s a fruit ( virtue1 #abj ,puni%m5t an al>m+ subject1 #aje especially consid]$1 #ajj great] h]eaft] ?an n[1 #abg 9 a future /ate cr$ible1 #ajc1 #abe is ,god's voice ( in/ruction1 #ajh is sometimes capital1 #ajb n unju/1 #afc (t5 long delay$1 #aja (t5 ov]takes sudd5ly1 #aja ( virtu\s actions1 #aaa religi\s & natural simil>1 #ajj results f folly z well z crime1 #acb ! result ( g5]al laws1 #ajc ,quotations4 ,ari/otle1 #aeb ,*alm]s1 #aca1 #ach1 #adh ,cic]o1 #hb1 #hf ,cl>ke1 #ig ,fitzg]ald1 #ade ,rob]t ,hall1 #aah ,hume1 #afb ,maimonides1 #agc ,m&eville1 #aaa ,plato1 #hg1 #aac ,son ( ,sirac1 #acg ,/rabo1 #ib ,ra%ness1 consequ5ces (1 #if ,reason an incompet5t judge ( means1 #agh gives p[] ov] brute =ce1 #aai ne$s exp]i5ce1 #ada n dep5d5t on bodily p[]s1 #hi requires a fair opportunity1 #aai-aba ,recapitulation ( ! :ole argum5t1 #ahj ,rectitude1 is self-int]e/ a prop] motive to x81 #aec ,ref]5ces to o!r au?ors4 ,bates1 #abh ,baxt]1 #hh ,bayle1 #hh ,beattie1 #agj ,bel%am1 #agj ,b]keley1 #aaa ,bonnett1 #hi ,bramhall1 #aga ,br[n1 #aaa ,bryant1 #aga ,butt]wor?1 #ajg ,calcott1 #abh ,capp1 #aji ,*alm]s1 #gg1 #gi1 #adh ,*>nock1 #aeh ,*eyne1 #hh ,cl>ke1 #hb1 #ha1 #ig1 #aga ,collib]1 #hh ,coll+s1 #aeh1 #agj ,compte1 #agj ,crombie1 #agj ,cr\se1 #agj ,davies1 #aji ,d',holba*1 #agj ,desc>tes1 #hh ,ditton1 #hh ,doddridge1 #aji ,dodwell1 #ha ,dwight1 #aji ,edw>ds1 #hh1 #agj ,fabricius1 #abh ,fi*te1 #agj ,gibbs1 #aga ,grove1 #aga ,hall]1 #hi ,h>ris1 #aga ,h>tley1 #agj ,hegel1 #agj ,h5ly1 #abh ,hobbes1 #agj ,holtzfusius1 #abh ,holyoake1 #agj ,horseley1 #aji ,hume1 #hh ,hunt1 #aji ,jackson1 #aga ,konnicott1 #abh ,k+1 #ih1 #aga ,law1 #ih ,lawson1 #aga ,le ,cl]c1 #abh ,lel&1 #aji ,l]\x1 #agj ,lief*ild1 #aji ,locke1 #hh ,manton1 #abh ,m>t9eau1 #agj ,m>t9ius1 #aai ,milman1 #adb ,morgagni1 #hi ,morton1 #aji ,musu1 #abh ,palm]1 #aga ,pe>son1 #abh ,polignac1 #hh ,porteus1 #aji ,price1 #aeh ,prie/ley1 #adb1 #agj ,reid1 #agj ,ru!r=d1 #aji1 #aeh ,se>*1 #hh ,se$1 #aji ,seld51 #abh ,%aftesbury1 #ajh ,%]lock1 #aji ,%uck=d1 #abh ,son ( ,sirac1 #acg ,s\?1 #aji1 #abh ,/apf]1 #abh ,/rabo1 #ib ,toplady1 #abh ,topp+1 #aji ,twisse1 #aji ,wag/aff1 #hh ,w>burton1 #aaa ,watts1 #gg1 #hh1 #aga ,:ately1 #adb1 #aeh ,willis1 #hh ,wi%e>t1 #aji ,witsius1 #abh ,witti*ius1 #aji ,reflection n dep5d5t on s5sation1 #ia ,re=mation is att5d$ ) discom=t1 #ajh may n prev5t p5alties1 #ajb ,relation betwe5 u & our bodies1 #he ,relations ( ?+s1 limitless1 #agc ,religion a "q ( fact1 #afe hi/orical evid5ce (1 #afh pr(ess$ 9 all ages1 #afg its pro(s n affect$ by ! doctr9e ( necessity1 #agj nor by our ignorance1 #agh ,reluctant ob$i5ce pr(itable1 #aeb ,rem$ies (t5 v disagreeable1 #agf ,rep5tance may be too late1 #ajd ,requisites to ! sup]iority ( reason1 #aai ( virtue1 #abj1 #aba ,res5tm5t ( injuries1 #aad ,resignation a temp] consonant ) ,god's sov]eignty1 #aee ess5tial to virtue1 #aed ! fruit ( affliction1 #aee ! habit necess>y h]eaft]1 #aee ,retributions are div9e tea*+s1 #ajh ,revelation1 antiquity (1 #afg n improbable1 #afg n univ]sal1 note #ajg ,rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 h[ di/ribut$1 #abf ,satisfactions ( virtue1 #ajh ,s*eme ( ,god incompreh5sible1 #agb ,self-d5ial1 its relations to pres5t happ9ess1 #acd n ess5tial to piety1 #aeb ,self-discipl9e1 :at1 #adh ,self-love a j pr9ciple ( action1 #aed appeal$ to1 #aec h[ mod]at$ & discipl9$1 #aee n a suffici5t re/ra9t1 note #adf reasonable & safe1 #acj ,s5sation n necess>y to reflection1 #ia ,s5ses n p]cipi5ts1 #he ,sev]e discipl9e necess>y1 #aej ,similitude ( a hi/orical pa9t+1 #agd ,simplicity ( ! liv+ ag5t1 #hc ,s91 :y n kept out ( ! _w1 #agg ,skepticism does n ju/ify irreligion1 #aje ,social1 our nature ess5tially su*1 #ic ,society mu/ puni% vice1 #aaj natural & necess>y1 #ic sometimes puni%es ! good1 #aaa ,s\l a simple sub/ance1 #hb n de/roy$ ) ! body1 #gi n naturally immortal1 #ha ,s\ls ( brutes1 #hh ,special int]positions ( ,provid5ce1 #agg1 #agh ,/ages ( exi/5ce1 #gh ,/ate ( probation1 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,/ate ( discipl9e & improvem5t1 ,,*ap4 ,v4 ,submissive temp] necess>y1 #aee ,subord9ations exce$+ly b5eficial1 #adb ,subs]vi5cies 9 nature1 #agc ,suff]+s may be avoid$1 #ie n necess>y to ! cultivation ( virtue1 #abh ,temporal & religi\s probation simil>1 #acb ,temptations increas$ by bad examples1 #acb & by =m] errors1 #acb int5d$ = our improvem5t1 #acf involve probation1 #abi may improve or injure u1 #aec security aga9/ _! evils1 #adf s\rces (1 to upright be+s1 #adg ! necess>y result ( prop5sions1 #adf ,t5d5cies ( virtue1 #aah h9d]$1 #aba ess5tial1 n accid5tal1 #abf ,t]ms 8nature0 & 8c\rse ( nature01 #ig ,!oriz+ no aid to virtue1 #aci ,?\ghtlessness (t5 fatal1 #aja ,transmigration ( s\ls1 #hg ,trials manife/ "*1 #aef may exi/ 9 a future /ate1 #adg produc$ by our prop5sions1 #aca qualify = a bett] /ate1 #add unreasonable ones are n inflict$1 #acc :y we are subject$ to !m1 #acf ,ultimate design ( man1 #ih ,und]/&+ may be p]v]t$1 #afh ,uneas9ess produc$ by =m] s9s1 #aji ,union ( good be+s1 #abb ,unju/ifiabl5ess ( religi\s indiff]5ce1 #aje ,upright creatures may fall1 #adg ne$ good habits1 #adi ,univ]se & its gov]nm5t imm5se1 #abc ,vice actually puni%$ by society #aaj1 #aaa mu/ produce uneas9ess1 #aab nev] rew>d$ z su*1 #aaf n only crim9al b deprav+1 #adi (t5 increas$ by trials1 #aec puni%$ z su*1 #aad ,vici\s m5 lose _! influ5ce1 #aba ,virtue a bond ( union1 #abb z su*1 rew>d$ on e>?1 #aaa 8br+s its own rew>d01 #aah has occasional disadvantages1 #aag h9d]ances accid5tal1 #aba h[ & :y rew>d$1 #aaa improv$ by trials1 #aea its b5efits to a community1 #abc natural1 n vice1 #aaf n always rew>d$ 9 ?is life1 #ajh on ! :ole happi] ?an vice1 #aac secures peace1 #aab t5d5cies ess5tial1 #abf t5ds to give p[]1 #aah1 #aba ,virtu\s be+s ne$ virtu\s habits1 #adi ,virtu\s habits a security1 #adg h[ =m$1 #aci improve virtue1 #adg necess>y 9 a future /ate1 #ade ,voice ( nature is = virtue1 #aag ,wa/e ( se$s1 #aec ,wick$ness may produce "s b5efits1 #agg volunt>y1 #acf ,w & "* ( ,god1 h[ det]m9$1 note #aff :at !y mean1 note #afc ,wond]ful discov]y ( ,hume1 #afb ,_w a sy/em ( subord9ations1 #agc a !at] = ! manife/ation ( "*1 #aef discipl9es "s to vice1 #aec fitt$ = man's discipl9e1 #aej gov]n$ by fix$ laws1 #aaj ,y\? a det]m9+ p]iod1 #aja if lo/1 n to be recov]$1 #adc its b5eficial subord9ations1 #adb ,,index ,,to ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,ref]5ces ,,to ,,! ,,editor',s ,,notes ,,are ,,9 ,,brackets ,a common absurdity1 #bdc ,ab/ract tru? di/+ui%$ f facts1 #cje1 #ahf ,absurdity ( "s objections to ,*ri/ianity1 #bde ,abuse ( our natural end[m5ts1 #bag ,accid5tal1 :at ev5ts are s call$1 #bbf ,acc\ntability gradually increases1 #bea ,actions1 def9ition (1 9 morals1 #bfa di/+ui%$ f ?+s done1 #bfa _! bad consequ5ces sometimes escap$1 #bcb virtue & vice consi/ 9 !m1 #bfa ,advantage1 z prop] a consid]ation 9 religion z 9 temporal affairs1 #bih v>i\sly be/[$1 #bdi1 #cab ,analogy a confirmation ( all facts to :i* x c be appli$1 #cjf af=ds no argum5t aga9/ ! s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity1 #bjc nor aga9/ miracles1 #bjc answ]s presumptions aga9/ miracles1 #bjg does n prove ! wisdom ( ,god1 #cja does n tea* t ! :ole ( ,god's gov]nm5t is l t on e>?1 #bjd easily cavill$ at1 b unansw]able1 #cjf betwe5 natural in=mation & t d]iv$ f inspiration1 #bab betwe5 ! rem$ies ( nature & ^? ( grace1 #bai betwe5 ! gospel & human discov]ies1 #bai betwe5 ! light ( nature & ( revelation1 #bah betwe5 ! use ( natural gifts1 & miracul\s1 #bag betwe5 ! gov]nm5t ( ,god & t ( a human ma/]1 #bfa its small influ5ce on m51 #cjc h[ us$ 9 ?is treatise1 #cjf may %[ our duty1 b n ! design ( ! requirem5t1 #bdf objections to ?is mode ( argu+1 ,,*ap4 ,,viii4 %[s t !re may be inf9ite reasons = ?+s1 ) :i* we are n acqua9t$1 #ahh ! only gr\nd = "s ( our k1 #cjf ,antidote to h]esies1 #aia ,apocalypse1 its pr9cipal object1 #bdi ,appe>ances ( m5 & ?+s deceptive1 #bdh ,argum5ts prop] z to human writ+s1 are n s z to ,scripture1 #bad ,atonem5t1 h[ held by ! anci5ts1 #bda makes ! innoc5t suff] = ! guilty1 #bdc ,au?or ( nature tak5 = grant$1 #bih ,au?oritativ5ess ( revelation1 #ahi ,baptism a te/ ( ob$i5ce1 #aii comm&$ & important1 #aid :y ! =m ( words1 #aid ,bible1 h[ to be int]pret$1 #bjb1 #bae ,brutes1 _! great sagacity1 #baf ,b\nd>y ( human inquiry1 #bbc ,c&or necess>y 9 judg+ ( ,*ri/ianity1 #cjb ,*ance1 really no su* ?+1 #bbf ,*>act]s drawn 9 ,scripture evid5tly unfeign$1 #bhg ,*ri/ a m$iator1 ,,*ap4 ,v4 a prophet1 #bdj a prie/ & k+1 #bda 8 hi/ory1 z giv5 9 ,scripture1 #bhe 8 pre-exi/5ce taught1 #bhb 8 satisfaction1 #bci 8 suff]+s volunt>y1 #bdc mann] ( 8 int]position1 #bch n m]ely a tea*] & example1 #bdb (f]$ himself a propitiatory sacrifice1 #bda ,*ri/ianity a fe>ful curse1 if x give no m light ?an natural religion1 #aif a "q ( fact1 #cja a rem$ial sy/em1 #aic an au?oritative republication ( ! religion ( nature1 #ahh1 #ahi a p>ticul> s*eme "u a g5]al plan1 #aid1 #bbd a s*eme imp]fectly compreh5d$1 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4 a s*eme reveal$ b 9 "p1 #bbf br+s life & immortality to light1 #aij c\ld n possibly be a contrivance1 #bbb1 #bid dem&s att5tion1 if b>ely probable1 #bec has evid5ces besides miracles & prophecy1 #bfc 9 :at degree rem$ial1 #aic is a real revelation1 #bac is con=mable to ! con/itution ( ?+s1 #bie its b5efits require ! use ( means1 #aig its e/abli%m5t & preval5ce1 ! mo/ conspicu\s & important ev5t 9 hi/ory1 #bhf its evid5ces1 ,,*ap4 ,,vii4 its good effects n small1 #aib its precepts pla9 & obvi\s1 #bah its pro( hi/orical1 #cjd its pro(s liable to objection1 #bfj m5 b\nd to exam9e its evid5ce1 #aig miracles & prophecy its direct & fundam5tal pro(s1 #bfc mu/ h my/]ies1 #bbc no objection to ! morality ( x1 #bad1 #bbj1 #bbb n m]ely a republication ( natural religion1 #aif n prim>ily design$ to rem$y ! defects ( nature1 #aic n ! discov]y ( reason1 #ahh objections to its evid5ce1 #baj objections to its nature1 #baj (f]$ to "s 9 a corrupt /ate1 #bej prescribes new duties1 #aid pres]ves natural religion 9 ! _w1 #aia propagat$ aga9/ all ob/ructions1 #bid ra%ness ( treat+ x lightly1 #aid1 #aif1 #aig requires means to accompli% ends1 #bbe reveals a p>ticul> disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 #aid reveals important facts1 #aif "s ( its d>k p>ts may be cle>$ up1 o!rs _c1 #bbc tea*es m ?an natural religion1 #aid ! evils ascrib$ to x1 are n its evils1 #aib ! "o great "q conc]n+ x1 #bac1 #bad ! only religion pr(ess$ly confirm$ by miracles1 #bfh to be transmitt$ by ,*ri/ians1 #aij univ]sal1 9 nature & int5tion1 #bdh :at alone c\ld disprove x1 #bie :y n rem$ial to a great] degree1 #aic :y n soon] promulgat$1 #bai ,*ri/ians b\nd to spread ,*ri/ianity1 #aij primitive1 _! te/imony1 #bfg ,*ur* m5 b\nd to support x1 #aic pres]ves a k ( religion1 #aia visible1 its design1 #aij1 #aia ,circum/antial evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity1 #bfc1 #bha (t5 z conv9c+ z direct te/imony1 #bid ,clem5s ,romanus1 te/imony (1 #bff 8 lett] to ! ,cor9?ians1 #bff ,climax ( infidel extravagance1 #bid ,co9cid5ce ( natural & reveal$ religion1 #baa1 #bah ,co9cid5ces ( ,scripture1 #bff ,comp>ison1 h[ x may mislead u1 #bja ,compassion di/9ct f goodness1 #bcc visible 9 ! con/itution ( ! _w1 #bcc ,consequ5ces ( infidelity2 m dang]\s ?an ^? ( fai?1 #bid ( s91 (t5 av]t$1 #bcc ,conv]sational objections to revelation1 #bie ,conv]sion1 h[ produc$1 #bbe ,c\rse ( nature diff]5t f :at we might h suppos$1 previ\s to exp]i5ce1 #baa none at ! beg9n+1 #bje our total d>kness z to its causes1 #bjh ,creation ,mosaic acc\nt (1 ref]r$ to by ,john1 #bhb a diff]5t ex]tion ( p[] f gov]nm5t1 #bje :y ,scripture describes x1 #bha ,creatures ( l moral qualities plac$ 9 diff]5t religi\s situations1 #bea ,cr$ulity ( mank9d ackn[l$g$1 #bfi ,cumulative pro( ( ,*ri/ianity1 #bjg ,daniel 8 book _h m evid5ce ( au!nticity ?an has come to u1 #bgi 8 pr$ictions a support ( ,jewi% fai?1 #bdi quot$ by ,*ri/1 #bgi ,d>k p>ts ( revelation1 #bbc ,degrees ( evid5ce h degrees ( weight1 #bee require nice exam9ation1 #beh ,dei/ical explanation ( ,*ri/'s miracles1 #bjf ,dei/s1 :y d !y oppose ,*ri/ianity1 #aif ,depravity ( man obvi\s1 #bch doctr9e (1 #bah ,des]t ( good & ill1 ! notion (1 #cje ,developm5t1 ( tru?1 #bah mod]n1 doctr9e (1 #bah ,diff]5ces ( religi\s advantages may h l reasons z ^? = diff]5t temporal advantages1 #bea w\ld rema9 if revelation 7 univ]sal1 #beb ,difficulties absurdity ( requir+ !m to be all remov$1 #big z to ! evid5ce ( religion1 analog\s to ^? att5d+ ! practice ( x1 #bef _c be solv$ by analogy1 #bif speculative1 may be ! *ief trials ( "s1 #beg ! disc]nm5t :i* c see !m1 might suffice to see ?r\gh !m1 #bfj ,direct & circum/antial evid5ce mu/ be tak5 toge!r1 #bhj ,diseases ( body & m9d1 analog\s z to _! rem$ies1 #bbj ,disob$i5ce1 )\t possible excuse1 #bec ,disp5sations1 prep>atory "o to ano!r1 #caj ,disreg>d ( religion a great pr(ligacy1 #bcc ,di/9ction betwe5 moral & positive obligation1 #aih1 #aih betwe5 acts & pr9ciples1 #bce betwe5 tempor>y1 individual1 & univ]sal comm&s1 #ahh ,d\bt af=ds scope = probation1 #bfb ex]cises our virtu\s pr9ciples1 #bef implies "s evid5ce1 #beb1 #bed1 #bhc involves "s obligation1 #bfc puts u ^u probation1 #bec ,d\btful evid5ce %\ld h "s influ5ce1 #bee ,duties aris+ f reveal$ relations1 #aie moral & positive1 #aid ,e>?1 its appe>ances confirm ,scripture1 #bch ,effect ( ,adam's transgression1 #bch ( comb9$ probabilities1 #bid1 #bid ,efficacy ( rep5tance1 #aij n taught by ! light ( nature1 #aij ,end1 ,god's n kn[n1 #bdf ,en?usiasm is n peculi> to religion1 #bgb impairs no te/imony = ,*ri/ianity1 #bga may (t5 weak5 te/imony1 #bga sometimes mix$ ) knav]y1 #bgb ! abs5ce ( all sign ( x 9 ,*ri/ianity1 a presumptive pro( 9 its favor1 #bbb w n acc\nt = ! spread ( ,*ri/ianity1 #bgj ,en?usia/s make z great sacrifices z ,*ri/ians1 #bgj ,epi/les ( ,paul1 pro( f1 #bff ,et]nal retribution n taught by natural religion1 #aij ,e?ics ( natural religion di/+ui%$ f its objects1 #aid ,ev5ts exp\nd ,scripture1 #bai ,evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity impregnable1 #bie collat]al & direct to be view$ toge!r1 #bid f miracles & prophecy1 #bfg imp]fect1 %\ld yet influ5ce practice 9 proportion to its degree1 #bee ( circum/ances may be mo/ direct1 #bid ( religion1 op5 to all1 #bfj ( religion1 ! same 9 k9d z t :i* controls u 9 temporal ?+s1 #beh mu* l[] ?an satisfactory (t5 det]m9es u1 #cjc n only increas$ b multipli$ by a comb9ation ( probabilities1 #bid1 #bid reason ! prop] judge (1 #bba requires c>eful sift+1 #bef c&or 9 judg+1 #cjb1 #cjc safety always 9 admitt+ x1 #bid :y liable to objection1 #beg ,evil1 rem$ies provid$ = x1 #bai1 #bcb ,exagg]ation practis$ by _m :o w n lie1 #bgb ,ext]nal mann] ( he>t wor%ip1 #aie ,exp]i5ce af=ds no presumption aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 #bjc corroborates ,*ri/ian doctr9es1 #bde tea*es ! effects ( actions1 #bdf ,extravagance ( "s objections1 #ahg1 #ahh ,facts analogy ! only pro( ( "s1 #cjf di/+ui%$ f ab/ract tru?s1 #cje ( revelation di/+ui%$ f its pr9ciples1 #bce ,fall ( man1 assum$ z a fact1 #bcf confirm$ by appe>ances1 #bch ,falsehood1 its degrees & inducem5ts1 #bgb ,false miracles h deceiv$ _m1 #bgc h "s hi/oric evid5ce1 #bgc ,fatali/s1 _! pr9ciples argu$ ^u1 #cjd ,fe> ca/ out by love1 #cja ,fitness1 moral1 #cjd1 #cje ,flippant objections to ,*ri/ianity1 #bie ,folly1 a real vice1 #bhj ,=esight ( brutes1 #baf ,future puni%m5ts1 all ! reasons = !m n kn[n1 #bcd n arbitr>ily appo9t$1 #bcb natural sequ5ces1 #bca1 #bcb r5d]$ cr$ible by temporal puni%m5ts1 #cjj ,g5ealogy ( mank9d giv5 9 ,scripture1 #bhc ,g5]al laws a wise arrangem5t1 #bbg d n r5d] miracles incr$ible1 #bbg control ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation1 #bbf few ev5ts c be trac$ up to !m1 #bbf miracles may be _! results1 #bbf1 #bbg ! gr\nd ( believ+ !re are su*1 #bbf ?+s call$ accid5tal gov]n$ by !m1 #bbf ,geology1 its impressive lessons1 #bbi ,,god a ma/] giv+ laws1 #bfa all 8 reasons = giv+ a comm& mu/ be c]ta9ly kn[n1 & kn[n to h pass$ away1 be=e we c safely disreg>d x1 #ahh duties t[>ds him z ! ,fa!r1 #aid1 #aie gov]ns by m$iation1 #bcj 8 gov]nm5t %[s compassion1 #bcc progressive1 #bbi 8 means & ends we _c di/+ui%1 #bbh 8 provid5ce1 objections to x idle1 #cjj1 #cja 8 reasons n assign$1 #bdf 8 w1 z absolute or conditional1 #bfa h[ he w\ld act 9 cont+5cies1 unkn[n1 #bbb h[ to be wor%ipp$1 a pure matt] ( revelation1 #aie in/ructs u by exp]i5ce1 #baa1 #bdf little kn[n1 #bbb n indiff]5t z to :o suff]1 #bdc reveals our duties1 n 8 plans1 #bdf ! real au?or ( ! prophecies1 #bgf ,good & evil unequally di/ribut$1 #bdh ,gov]nm5t ( ,god sometimes1 app>5tly1 t>dy 9 its results1 #bbd1 #bbe ,gradual gr[? ( causes1 #bjh ,happ9ess n always secur$ by well-laid s*emes1 #bdg ,haz>d ( neglect+ ,*ri/ianity1 #bfb ,hea!n _w1 condition (1 #ahf1 #bej ,hi]oglyphic & figurative language ( ,scripture1 #baj ,h9d]ances to natural & spiritual k simil>1 #bah ,hi/ory ( miracles1 #bfd ( ! ,jews confirm$ by _! condition1 #bhi1 #bij ( ! orig9 ( religion1 #bjf furni%es no p>allel to revelation1 #bjg prophecy is hi/ory anticipat$1 #bha ,scripture1 has n be5 invalidat$1 #bhc ,holy ,_s1 its op]ations on ! he>t1 #bbe ,human contrivance unequal to "s ?+s1 #bbb ,human life1 9 :at s5se x may be call$ poor1 #big ,human te/imony1 reliable not)/&+ ! preval5ce ( falsehood1 #bgc ,id5tity ( pr9ciple betwe5 natural & reveal$ religion1 #bce ,ignorance ( hea!n writ]s1 #ahg ( o!r worlds1 =bids objections to ,*ri/ianity on ! gr\nd ( miracles1 #bjg ( ! laws ( miracles1 n great] ?an ( natural laws1 #bef ( ! reason ( our pres5t condition1 #bea mu* ( x our own fault1 #bei ,imag9ation may fancy unreal co9cid5ces1 #bic ,immorality n au?oriz$ 9 ,scripture1 #bba1 #bbb ,impassable limit to human k1 #bbc ,imp]ceptible accumulation ( =ces1 #bjh ,imp]fect k1 bett] ?an act+ 9 ! d>k1 #big ,imp]fection ( language1 #baf ,importance ( revelation1 ,,*ap4 ,i4 an ab/raction1 #ahf precludes ! idea t ! fir/ witnesses 7 c>eless1 #bgd ,improbability be=e & aft] an ev5t1 #bjg ( ! ,dei/ical !ory great] ?an t ( miracles1 #bjf ,inadequacy ( rep5tance1 #bcf ,inatt5tion to religion1 real depravity1 #beb1 #cjg prev5ts conv9cem5t1 #beh ,inc>nation an invisible miracle1 #bjd _c be p>allel$1 #bce ,influ5ce ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 #bbe ( ! analogical argum5t1 #cjc ,innoc5t sometimes suff] = ! guilty1 #bdc ,inspiration1 ! prop] k9d & ext5t ( x n discov]able by reason1 #bab n to be int]pret$ l o!r writ+s1 #bab ,inspir$ writ]s1 key to _! mean+1 #bgf _! "o great s*eme1 #bgf %[ a =esight m ?an human1 #bgh1 #bgi ,in/ruction f ,god to savages1 #bjf ,int]cession by ! good = ! bad1 #bcb ,int]e/1 temporal1 n always app>5t1 #cjb ,int]positions ( m5 = ea* o!r1 #bcb ,int]nal improbabilities weak5 ext]nal pro(1 #bae ,int]pretation ( ,scripture1 #bae ,irregul>ity1 really no su* ?+1 #bbf :5ce ! appe>ance (1 #bbg ,irregul>ities ( m51 consequ5ces proportion$ to magnitude1 #bcc ,irreligion an aggravat$ s91 #bcc especially 9 p]sons 9 high /&+1 #bed n ju/ifiable on any pret5ce1 #bef1 #cab ,inv5tion an irregul> way ( in=mation1 #baf ,invisible miracles1 #bjd ?+s ( ,god1 h[ le>n$1 #bcj ,jews ,god's deal+ ) !m1 #bij _! cont9uance1 a /&+ miracle1 #bij _! hi/ory confirm$ by facts1 #bia _! sy/em ( ,!ism1 #bjf ,jewi% miracles1 a "p ( civil hi/ory1 #bfe ,john1 8 allusion to ,*ri/1 9 ! beg9n+ ( 8 gospel1 #bhb 8 doctr9e agrees ) t ( ,paul1 #bhb ,k+dom ( ,*ri/ on e>?1 #bda ,k pr(\nd1 n necess>y to piety1 #bah sci5tific & religi\s1 h ! same difficulties1 #bah ,k ( ,scripture1 improv$ 9 ! same way z k ( ! sci5ces1 #bah unequally di/ribut$1 #bdi ,language necess>ily ambigu\s1 #baf ( ! prophecies1 (t5 figurative1 #baj ,laplace1 error (1 #bjg ,levity de/ructive to religi\s influ5ce1 #bei ,lib]ty belief ( our1 unavoidable1 #cjd ( ! w1 n discuss$1 note #cjd necess>y to ! progress ( k1 #bah ! pr9ciple s natural t language is =m$ on x1 #cjd ,life future1 br\ght to light by ! gospel1 #aij may be tak5 away by comm&1 #bba n ?r[n away because success is unc]ta91 #cjb :e!r desirable or n1 #cja ,light ( nature display$ 9 ! ,scriptures1 #ahh does n tea* our future condition1 #aij favors ! doctr9e ( a ,m$iator1 #bcj has left ! greate/ hea!n 9 d\bt1 #ahf ,ludicr\s turn1 dang] (1 #bei ,mahometanism n receiv$ on ! foot+ ( miracles1 #bfh ,mahometans & anci5t ,p]sians1 h[ situat$ z to revelation1 #bej ,man accept$ accord+ to :at he ha?1 #bea 8 circum/ances no gr\nd ( compla9t1 #beb 8 obligation to /udy ! ,scriptures1 #bjb1 #bfb mu/ be r5ew$1 #aig ,manasses1 pray] (1 #bcg ,mann] ( wor%ip a matt] ( pure revelation1 #aie ,m>tyrs c\ld n h be5 impo/ors1 #bgb _h full k ( facts1 #bfi1 #bga ! full =ce ( _! te/imony1 #bfi _! obligations to v]acity1 #bgd 7 n en?usia/s1 #bga ,means z relat$ to ends1 #bbe ,m$iation se5 ev]y:]e1 #bcj exemplifi$ 9 social life1 #bcb ,m$iator1 appo9tm5t (1 ,,*ap4 ,v4 ! notion (1 natural1 #bcj ! ,scripture doctr9e (1 #bch-bdj :e!r "o 0 necess>y1 #bdc :y mo/ object$ to1 #bdc ,m$ium betwe5 full satisfaction ( a tru? & full satisfaction to ! contr>y1 #cac ,memory1 eloqu5ce1 c4 imprud5tly us$1 #bag ,m5 apt to be delud$ by pret5ces1 #bgc _! conduct may be guess$ at1 #bbb ,m]cy se5 9 ! con/itution ( ! _w1 #bcc ,messiah came at ! expect$ "t1 #bhe 8 mission1 #bbd ,m9ut5ess ( pr$ictions t\*+ ,*ri/1 #bjg ,miracles admitt$ evid5ce = su* z are false does n impair ! evid5ce ( ,*ri/ian1 #bgc contr>y to ! c\rse ( nature81 #bjf d5y+ !m leads to ,a!ism1 #bje disord]ly use (1 #bag di/9ct reasons = !m1 #bjh l>ge hi/orical evid5ce = _! tru?1 #bgj mann] 9 :i* relat$1 #bfd no argum5t ( analogy aga9/ !m1 #bje-bjg none p>allel to ^? ( ,scripture1 #bjg n m]e embelli%m5ts1 #bfd n to be comp>$ to common ev5ts1 #bji n[ise incr$ible1 #bji occasions = !m likely to arise 9 ! c\rse ( ages1 #bjh ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 insep>able f hi/ory1 #bfe op]ate by g5]al laws1 #bbf ,pagan & ,popi%1 7 wr\ght aft] ^? sy/ems _h obta9$1 #bfh peculi> to ! ,jewi% & ,*ri/ian religions1 #bfh receiv$ z g5u9e f ! fir/1 #bfh1 #bfi regulat$ by g5]al laws1 #bbg satisfactorily acc\nt = ! exi/5ce ( ,*ri/ianity1 #bfe %\ld be comp>$ to uncommon ev5ts1 #bji ! cr$5tials ( ,*ri/ianity1 #bfg ! evid5ce ( _! tru? at fir/1 #bdi ! "q ( _! tru? only "o ( degree 9 po9t ( evid5ce1 #bjh ! only satisfactory acc\nt ( "s ev5ts1 #bfe ! real nature ( presumptions aga9/ !m1 #bjh ! t]m a relative "o1 #bje _! direct pro( ( ,*ri/ianity1 #bfd _! evid5ce ! same z t = common facts1 #bfd _! =ce z pro(s1 #ahi visible & invisible1 #bjd1 #bjd :at evid5ce arises f _! hav+ be5 accept$ z true by ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 #bfh writ]s ^u1 #bfd1 #bfh ,miracul\s p[] creation n prop]ly an act (1 #bje misus$ by "s1 #bag1 #bfg pret5ces (1 h delud$ "s1 #bgc :y be/[$1 #aij ,misconduct creates ne$ ( assi/ance1 #bce ,mi/ake ( "s ( ,hume's oppon5ts1 #bjg ,mi/akes ( philosoph]s dang]\s1 #bcj ( transcrib]s1 c41 #bbh ,mod]n geology1 lesson f1 #bbi ,moral action1 ! nature (1 #bfa an action becomes su* by comm&1 #bba ,moral duties4 ,see ,positive4 ,moral faculty1 its object1 #cje ,moral gov]nm5t4 ,see ,gov]nm5t4 ,moral precepts4 ,see ,positive4 ,moral sy/em reveal$ to mank9d1 #aij ,morality ( ,scripture1 reason a judge (1 #bbj ,my/]ies to be expect$ 9 revelation1 #bbc1 #bbd z _m 9 nature z 9 ,scripture1 #bdf ,my/]y ( godl9ess1 #bbe ,my?ological writ+s resemble prophecy1 #bgf ,n>ratives ( ,scripture unadorn$1 #bbh ,natural consequ5ces ( vice are judicial puni%m5ts1 #aig & spiritual ?+s analog\s 9 importance1 #bai end[m5ts (t5 abus$1 #bag ,natural light comp>$ to revelation1 #bah ,natural religion & reveal$1 co9cide1 #baa z mu* p]v]t$ z ,*ri/ianity1 #aib c\ld n h be5 reason$ out1 #aib discloses no ,r$eem]1 #aid its e?ics & objects di/+ui%$1 #aid its light :olly insuffici5t1 #ahg might be au!nticat$ by miracles1 #aij moral sy/em (1 #ahg taught & confirm$ by ,*ri/ianity1 #ahh1 #bhf1 #bib :at x does n tea*1 #aij1 #aid ,nature c>ri$ on by uni=m laws1 #bbf implies ! ag5cy ( ,god1 #bca its light insuffici5t1 #ahf ,nature & obligation ( sacram5ts1 note #aie ,necessity ( revelation1 #ahf ,neglig5ce prev5ts ! recognition ( tru?1 #beh :olly inexcusable1 #aig ,ob$i5ce f dread1 #cja or disob$i5ce1 an important matt]1 #ahh to a positive rite1 especially indicative ( piety1 #aii ,objections to c]ta9 precepts ( ,scripture1 z immoral1 #bba to prophecy1 f its obscurity1 #bge to revelation1 are ( equal weight aga9/ natural religion1 #ig to ! analogical argum5t1 z su*1 ,,*ap4 ,,viii4 to ! di/ribution ( good & evil1 #bdh-bej to ! doctr9e ( m$iation1 ,,*ap4 ,v4 to ! evid5ce = miracles1 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 to ! unequal di/ribution ( religi\s k1 #bdi ,objections to ,*ri/ianity z a matt] ( fact1 #cja z a rem$ial sy/em1 #aic1 #bai z a r\ndab\t1 p]plex$ contrivance1 #bbh z defici5t 9 po9t ( tru?1 #bdg z a s*eme1 #bji z my/]i\s1 #bbc z to its wisdom & goodness1 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4 z unimportant1 ,,*ap4 ,i4 atonem5t makes ! innoc5t suff] = ! guilty1 #bbg1 #bdc conta9s ?+s unlike ! c\rse ( nature1 #bjd does n remove difficulties1 #bbc has be5 p]v]t$1 #aib has be5 productive ( evils1 #aib has int]nal improbabilities1 #bbe-bbg disclos$ to ! _w s rec5tly1 #bai disord]ly use ( miracul\s gifts1 #bbg has small influ5ce1 #aib1 #cjc if true w\ld n be left d\btful1 #bii is n satisfactory1 #bfj1 #bfa its doctr9e ( m$iation1 ,,*ap4 ,v4 its ext]nal pro( weak5$ by int]nal improbabilities1 #bae its lack ( evid5ce1 ,,*ap4 ,,vi4 its late introduction1 #bai may be advanc$ flippantly1 b _c be s answ]$1 #bie natural ?+s too unimportant to furni% analogies 9 its favor1 #bai n j & good1 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4 n necess>y1 #adg n univ]sal1 ,,*ap4 ,,vi41 #bdh sl[ly develop$1 #bai "s ( its precepts immoral1 #bba suffici5cy ( natural religion1 #ahg vic>i\s suff]+s1 #bde ,obligation arises f ! b>e supposabl5ess ( ,*ri/ianity1 #bec1 #bfb ,obligations to ,god aris+ out ( relation%ip1 #aif ,obscurity 9 "p ( a prophecy1 does n impair ! evid5ce ( =esight1 #bge ,(f5d]s (t5 %ield$ by fri5ds1 #bcb ,(fices ( ,*ri/ z a m$iator1 #bch-bdj ,op9ions mu/ be di/+ui%$ f facts1 #bgj ,ord9>y rules ( int]pretation1 #bae ,pagan & ,popi% miracles easily acc\nt$ =1 #bfh ,p>ables %[ :at ! au?or int5d$1 #bgf ,p>tial views give an appe>ance ( wrong1 #cji ,passion h9d]s correct judgm5t1 #bei ,paul1 8 sep>ate te/imony1 #bff h[ he receiv$ ! gospel1 #bfg summ>y ( 8 te/imony1 #bfg ,p]fection ( religion1 :at8 ,,*ap4 ,,viii4 ,p]sons = :om ?is treatise is writt51 #cji ,philosophy1 its true mode ( proce$+1 #bcj ,piety sup]ior to ritual obs]vances1 #bja ,pleasures & pa9s1 :i* ov]balance8 #cja ,political ev5ts1 h[ m5tion$ 9 ,scripture1 #bhb ,popi% doctr9e ( a miracle at ! ,eu*>i/1 #bjd ,popul> conv]sational objections1 #bie ,porphyry's mode ( int]pretation frivol\s1 note #bgi objections to ! book ( ,daniel1 #bgi ,positive evid5ce ( ,*ri/ianity1 ,,*ap4 ,,vii4 ,positive in/itutions belong to ! notion ( a *ur*1 #aib lay u "u ! /ricte/ obligation1 #bjb means to moral ends1 #aii m5 dispos$ to dep5d on !m1 #bjj necess>y to keep up & propagate religion1 #bdf n to be made light (1 #bja n to sup]s$e moral ob$i5ce1 #bjj ! reason ( !m (t5 obvi\s1 #aih two modes ( view+ !m1 #aih ,positive precepts comp>$ ) moral1 #aih1 #bja create moral obligations1 #bba ,p[] ( heal+1 #bag ,practice %\ld be influ5c$ by probability1 #bed ,pr$ictions ( ,*ri/ v num]\s & m9ute1 #bjg1 #bjh ,prejudice a h9d]ance to k1 #beh a m>k ( weakness1 #bhj z ho/ile to tru? z en?usiasm1 #bgb op]ates contr>y ways1 #bid ,pres]vation ( ! ,jews z a di/9ct race1 #bia ,presumptions aga9/ miracles1 #bje aga9/ revelation z miracul\s1 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 none aga9/ ! g5]al s*eme ( ,*ri/ianity1 #bjc none peculi> to miracles1 #bjg /rong1 ov]come by weak pro(1 #bjg1 #bjg ,prie/hood ( ,*ri/1 #bch ,jewi%1 typical ( ,*ri/1 #bci ,pr9ciples argu$ ^u 9 ?is treatise1 #cjd ,progressions 9 our exi/5ce1 #bbi ,progress 9 !ology probable1 #bah ,probable pro(s1 by be+ add$1 n only increase evid5ce1 b multiply x1 #bid ,probability %\ld influ5ce practice1 #bed ,pr(ane hi/ory corroborates ,scripture /atem5ts1 #bhg ,pro(s ( ,*ri/ianity a t\*/one ( hone/y1 #bei level to common m51 #bfj "s important ones omitt$ 9 ?is treatise1 & :y1 #cjd :y n m pla91 #bfa ,prophecy a jo9t review ( prophecies furni%es a f> /rong] pro( ?an exam9ation 9 detail1 #bid a s]ies (1 be+ applicable to c]ta9 ev5ts1 is pro( t x 0 int5d$ ( !m1 #bgf comp>$ to compil$ memoirs1 #bgh creat$ ! expectation ( a ,messiah1 #bhd confirm$ by appe>ances1 #bib evid5ce f1 #bge express$ 9 figurative language1 #bge h[ und]/ood by anci5t ,jews1 #bgg 9 relation to ! ,jews1 #bhd is hi/ory anticipat$1 #bha its obscurity1 #bge its pro(s amaz+ly /rong1 #bjg may n always h be5 und]/ood by ! writ]1 #bgh proves =esight1 #bgf1 #bgi sometimes obscur$ by int]pret]s1 #baj summ>y (1 conc]n+ ,*ri/1 #bhd use (1 to future ages1 #bdi writ]s ^u1 #bgg1 #bhe ,prophet1 ,*ri/ a1 #bdj ,prophets n ! au?ors ( :at !y wrote1 #bgh _! s5se ( _! pr$ictions n necess>ily ! :ole s5se1 #bgh :e!r !y _h 9 view ! ev5ts :i* ,*ri/ians consid] fulfilm5ts1 #bgg ,prov]bial1 use ( ! ^w1 #bja ,provid5ce1 nev] ha/y1 #bbi objections to x useless1 #cjj1 #cja ! c\rse (1 progressive1 #bbi ,prov9ce ( reason1 #bbj ,prud5ce1 its be/ plans (t5 fru/rat$1 #bdg (t5 requires u to act ) unc]ta9 prospect ( success1 #bdg1 #bdh ,puni%m5t foll[s wick$ness1 ( c\rse1 #bca in/ances ( vic>i\s1 #bdd n always avoid$ by re=mation1 #bce n promiscu\sly inflict$1 #bdc provision made = escap+ x1 #bcb1 #caa we _c ( ourselves escape x1 #bcd we _c "k :y su* & su* are inflict$1 #bca ,quotations ,angus1 #bjb1 #bbc ,augu/9e1 note #ahg ,arnobius1 #bfi ,clem5s ,romanus1 #bff ,davidson1 #bid ,fitzg]ald1 #cjc ,grotius1 #bei ,guizot1 #bbi ,hurd1 #bgf ,dr4 ,johnson1 #bhh ,mahomet1 #bfh ,p[ell1 #bcj ,w>burton1 #bag1 #bbc ,:ately1 #bjf ,ra%ness ( int]pret]s1 #baj ( treat+ religion lightly1 #aig ,reason c\ld n h inv5t$ ,*ri/ianity1 #bjf c\ld n asc]ta9 ! p[] ( p5it5ce1 #aid discov]s our relation to ,god ! ,fa!r1 #aid b n our relation to ! ,son & ,holy ,gho/1 #aid1 #aif its limits v n>r[1 #bbc its prop] prov9ce1 #bbj mu/ h "r pr9ciples1 #bbj ne$s ! aid ( exp]i5ce 9 judg+ ( ! consequ5ces ( actions1 #bdf n suffici5t to con/ruct a sy/em ( natural religion free f sup]/ition1 #ahf our only faculty = judg+ ev5 revelation1 #baj requires ! importance ( a "q to be tak5 into acc\nt1 #bie tea*es no?+ ( ! c]ta9 means ( ei!r temporal or spiritual good1 #aig v incompet5t to judge :at a revelation ought to be1 #baj-bab ,reason+ by analogy to any ext5t1 leaves ! m9d unsatisfi$1 #bif ,r$emption agreeable to our natural notions1 #bce analog\s to natural rem$ies1 #bcb conjectures ab\t x mu/ be unc]ta91 #bdb mode (1 n discov]able by reason1 #bdc m5 n compet5t judges ( its plan1 #bdc on :om are its b5efits1 note #bcg ,scripture acc\nt (1 #bci1 #bdj we %\ld be ?ankful = x1 )\t disput+ h[ x 0 procur$1 #bdb ,ref]5ces to o!r au?ors ,alex&]1 #bfi ,ap?orpe1 #bhe ,bayle1 #cja ,b5son1 #bae ,birk1 #bff ,blaney1 #bhe ,blunt1 #bff ,bol+broke1 #bfe ,boswell1 #bhh ,boyle1 #bfd ,butl]1 #aij1 #bgb ,campbell1 #bfd ,celsus1 #bhg ,*alm]s1 #ahg1 #aid1 #bdb ,collib]1 #aie ,damasc5us1 #bhg ,davidson1 #bhe ,diodorus ,siculus1 #bhg ,eupolemus1 #bhg ,featley1 #bae ,fitzg]ald1 #aic1 #bjf1 #bjg ,fleetwood1 #bfd ,full]1 #bhe ,gibbon1 #bfh ,graves1 #bff ,grotius1 #bff ,gulick1 #bgg ,h5g/5burg1 #bgg ,horseley1 #bgg ,h[e1 #bcf ,hurd1 #bhe ,jort91 #bfd1 #bhe ,julian1 #beg ,k+1 #bae1 #bgg ,l>dn]1 #bfd ,lel&1 #ahg ,long9us1 #bhg ,lyall1 #bgg ,mc,cosh1 #ahg ,mack9to%1 #bbc ,magee1 #bcf1 #bdb ,manasses1 #bcg ,m5&]1 #bhg ,mi*aelis1 #bae ,mills1 #bjg ,newman1 #bce ,num5ius1 #bhg ,ow51 #bdb ,paley1 #bje1 #bff1 #bfh ,pascal1 #ahg1 #bbc ,pfaffius1 #bfd ,phlegon1 #bhg ,phnician ,annals1 #bhg ,pl9y1 #bhg ,porphyry1 #bgi1 #bhg ,samuel ,/anhope ,smi?1 #bjf ,sol9us1 #bhg ,sp9oza1 #bae ,/apf]1 #bdb ,/orr1 #bae ,/rabo1 #bhg ,suetonius1 #bhg ,tacitus1 #bhg ,taylor1 #bfd ,t9dall1 #aif1 #bdh ,tuck]1 #bfd ,turret91 #bdb ,vitr+a1 #bgf ,w>burton1 #ahg ,wat]l&1 #aie ,watson1 #bfd ,waugh1 #bgg1 #bhe ,wayl&1 #ahh1 #bcf ,:ately1 #bjf1 #bfh1 #bhh ,witsius1 #bfd ,re=mation does n always preclude puni%m5t1 #bce ,reg>d due to ! ,son & ,holy ,_s1 #aie ,reg>d to ,god z ,creator1 ! ess5ce ( natural religion1 #aie ,rejection ( ,*ri/ by _m1 at fir/1 ! argum5t f x1 #bfi =etold1 #bhe ,relations1 be+ le>n$1 duties are p]ceiv$1 #aid ,relations ( man to ,deity1 #aid to ! ,son & ,holy ,gho/1 #aie ,religion a practical ?+1 #bih a "q ( fact1 #cja1 #cjd af=ds p>ticul> reasons = miracles1 #bjh confirm$ by ! e/abli%m5t ( a *ur*1 #aia consid]$ z ext]nal & int]nal1 #aie d\bt ( its evid5ce does n release f moral obligation1 #bed has its end on all p]sons to :om propos$1 #cjc1 #cjc if true1 :y susceptible ( any possible d\bt8 #bii its acceptance safe1 #bie its g5]al _s intimat$1 #bjj1 #bja its great importance1 #bed its introduction into ! _w1 #bjf its reasonabl5ess fully %[n1 if x c only be prov$ t x may be reasonable1 #cja its v nature ov]look$ by ^? :o insi/ t x %\ld h ov]:elm+ evid5ce1 #cjb may be true1 ?\gh d\btful1 #bii mu/ be judg$ by its evid5ces tak5 toge!r1 #bid n a ?+ reason$ out1 #bjf n equally taught to all m51 #bjf objections to x remov$ by analogy1 #cjj presupposes c&or 9 ^? :o exam9e x1 #bef1 #cjb1 #cjc reason may judge ( its morality1 #bbj reasonable1 = aught :i* c be %[n to ! contr>y1 #cja ! p]ception (1 #cjb ! view ( x tak5 9 ?is treatise1 #bii ! evid5ce = x may be less5$1 b _c be de/roy$1 #bie :y its evid5ces are all[$ to admit ( d\bt1 #bdi1 #bec1 #bii ,relief = evils provid$1 #bcb ,rem$ial nature ( ,*ri/ianity1 #aic ,rem$ies provid$ 9 nature1 #bai1 #bcb may be unskilfully us$1 #bbj %[ ! compassion ( ,god1 #bcc & also 8 /rictness1 #bcd ,rep5tance _c cancel guilt1 #bcf1 #bcf g5]al s5se ( mank9d on ! subject1 #bcf its efficacy n taught by natural religion1 #aij its efficacy taught 9 ! ,scriptures1 #aij n suffici5t to preclude disa/]1 #bcd1 #bce ,revelation a p>ticul> "p ( a great plan1 #bbd acc\nts = ! ,!ism ( ! ,jews1 #bjf at ! beg9n+ ( ! _w1 w\ld n be miracul\s1 #bje _c be neglect$ ) impunity1 #bfj-bfb consid]$ z miracul\s1 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 consid]$ hi/orically1 #bha diff]5ce betwe5 its facts & its pr9ciples1 #bce discov]s new relations1 & s new duties1 #aid di/+ui%$ f natural religion1 #aie does n compel ass5t1 #bec has twice be5 univ]sal1 #bdh h[ x c\ld be ov]turn$1 #bad its disclosures1 ( c\rse1 c\ld n h be5 anticipat$1 #baa1 #bab its measure ( evid5ce puts u on probation1 #bec its facts necess>ily s+ul>1 #bce no m diff]5t f ! c\rse ( nature ?an "s p>ts ( ! c\rse ( nature are diff]5t f o!r p>ts1 #cab necess>y1 ,,*ap4 ,i4 republi%es & confirms natural religion1 #ahh1 #ahi no?+ incr$ible 9 x1 #bga tea*es t ,god's laws are compassionate1 #bcf ! use ( unwritt5 revelation1 #bac :at is to be expect$ 9 revelation1 #baj1 #bab ,rev]5ce = ! w ( ,god1 #aii ,ridicule ( ,scripture an (f5ce aga9/ natural piety1 #bhf easi] ?an exam9ation1 #bei ! great weakness ( be+ influ5c$ by x1 #bhj ,roman ,empire m5tion$1 #bgi ,rules = heal? v fallible & inexact1 #cjb ( ,biblical int]pretation1 #bae ,sacrifices comm&$1 #bda expiatory1 #bci h[ ! anci5ts reg>d$ !m1 #bdb le>n$ by ! hea!n f tradition1 #bda really efficaci\s1 #bdb ! preval5ce (1 #bcf ,sacrifice ( ,*ri/ an objection to x1 #bdc h[ efficaci\s1 n taught1 #bdb prop] & real1 #bci-bda puts u into a capacity = salvation1 #bdb volunt>y1 #bdd ,safety an important consid]ation 9 judg+1 #bid ,satirical writ+s1 h[ und]/ood1 #bgf1 #bgg ,s*eme ( nature1 va/1 #bjd progressive1 #bbi ,s*eme ( provid5ce1 if und]/ood1 w\ld ju/ify facts :i* are object$ to1 #cjj ,s*emes1 ! be/ may be disconc]t$1 #bdg ,sci5ce confirms ,scripture hi/ory1 #bhg ,scorn ( prophetic diction1 #baj ,scripture ann\nces a g5]al re/oration ( ?+s1 #bhb antiquity (1 #bhg *>act]s evid5tly n feign$1 #bhg confirm$ by pr(ane au?ors1 #bhh confirm$ by ! /ate ( ! e>?1 #bhg consid]$ hi/orically1 #bha conta9s an abridg$ hi/ory ( ! _w1 #bhb expos$ to criticism1 #bhc exp\nd$ by itself1 #bjb gives a hi/ory ( ?is _w z ,god's _w1 #bha gives an acc\nt ( civil gov]nm5ts only z !y affect$ religion1 #bhb has int]nal evid5ce ( tru?1 #bhg hi/ory g5u9e1 #bfe h[ di/+ui%$ f o!r books1 #bha-bhc h[ to be int]pret$1 #bjb if false c\ld be %[n to be s1 #bhc includes a hi/ory ( ?\s&s ( ye>s1 #bhc includes ! *ronology ( ne>ly f\r ?\s& ye>s1 #bhd its au?ority ! great "q1 n its cont5ts1 #bad its *ronicles confirm$ by hi/ory1 #bhg its evid5ces comprise a s]ies ( ?+s ( great v>iety & rea*+ to ! beg9n+ ( "t1 #bfc its evid5ces n int5d$ to be ov]p[]+1 #bec its great pro(s are miracles & prophecy1 #bfd its relation to miracles only to be acc\nt$ = on ! supposition ( _! tru?1 #bfe its /rang5ess n surpris+1 #bhh its /yle object$ to1 #baj its tru? mu/ be judg$ ( by ! evid5ce tak5 toge!r1 #bie may conta9 ?+s n yet discov]$1 #bah miracles1 _! fir/ reception1 #bfe naturalness ( its /atem5ts1 #bhg n compos$ by rules ( art1 #baj no?+ improbable relat$ 9 any "p1 #bhg n to be judg$ by preconceiv$ expectation1 #bae n to be judg$ exactly z o!r books1 #bad ord9>y rules ( int]pretation1 #bae our duty to se>* x1 #bjb1 #bfb precepts1 "s give (f5ce1 #baj reveals our relation to ! ,son & ,holy ,_s1 #aid ! possibility ( its tru? dem&s inve/igation1 #beh tru?s n discov]able by reason1 #bjc v>iety ( topics introduc$1 #bhc writt5 9 a rude age1 #bhc :y x describes creation1 #bhb ,se>*+ ! ,scriptures a great duty1 #bjb ,self-deceit1 our liability to x1 #bfb ,s]i\s appreh5sion may comport ) d\bt1 #cac ,%ameful mi/akes ( philosoph]s1 #bcj ,simil>ity ( objections to religion & nature1 #bih ,s9c]ity ( belief prov$ by dy+ = x1 #bgj ,skepticism no ju/ification ( irreligion1 #bec ,sorr[ _c ( itself re/ore abus$ b5efits1 #bcd ,speak+ ) tongues1 #bag ,speculative difficulties simil> to ext]nal temptations1 #bef ! *ief trial ( "s1 #beg1 #bei ,spread ( ,*ri/ianity unacc\ntable if x 7 an impo/ure1 #bij ,/&+ m9i/ry1 :at =1 #aia ,/rang5ess ( "s ,scripture ev5ts1 #bhh ,/upidity ( ! m>tyrs1 if ins9c]e1 #bfi ,subs]vi5ces1 ! _w a sy/em (1 #bbi ,success1 temporal1 always unc]ta91 #cjb ,suff]+1 ignorance does n prev5t x ei!r 9 temporal or spiritual ?+s1 #aif ,suff]+s ( ,*ri/ v9dicate ,god's law1 #bdd ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 #bfi ,suffici5cy ( light ( nature pret5d$1 #ahf ,summ>y ( ,jewi% hi/ory1 #bhd ( ! hi/orical evid5ce ( ,scripture1 #bib ,sup]natural in/ructions necess>y f ! fir/1 #bjf ,temporal int]e/s n always disc]n$1 #bdg1 #bdh manag$ by prud5t p]sons on ! v pr9ciples propos$ by religion z to spiritual int]e/s1 #bih1 #bii ,temporal int]e/s (t5 decid$ by consid]ations :i* fall %ort ( demon/ration1 #bii ,tempor>y comm&s1 di/+ui%$ f p]petual1 #ahh ,temptation a :olesome discipl9e1 #bef e>?ly & spiritual simil>1 #bef calls =? virtu\s ef=t1 #beg ,te/imony c be de/roy$ only by c\nt]-te/imony1 or by ! incompet5cy ( ! witness1 #bgd = miracles n m5tion$ 9 ,scripture1 does n impair ! te/imony = ^? !re record$1 #bgc ( ,paul1 sep>ate & indep5d5t1 #bff ( pr(ane au?ors to ! tru? ( ,scripture hi/ory1 #bhg ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 #bfi1 #bga mu/ be judg$ c&idly1 #bei none c\nt] to ,*ri/ianity1 #bge slight1 ov]comes /rong presumptions1 #bjh unconfut$1 mu/ be admitt$1 #bgc value (1 less5$ by en?usiasm1 #bga ,!ism ( ! ,jews acc\nt$ =1 #bjf ,!ology ( ! ,bible1 n to be correct$1 #bjb ,?+s :i* x is unreasonable to dispute1 #cjg ,?\ghtlessness ( m51 #bcc ,tradition tea*es t !re 0 a revelation at ! beg9n+1 #bje ( ! fall ( man1 #caa ,transub/antiation1 #bje ,trial by speculative difficulties1 analog\s to o!r trials1 #bef ,true philosophy inductive1 #bcj ,tru? ( ,*ri/ianity prov$1 unless ! :ole ( its hi/ory & influ5ce c be acc\nt$ = by accid5t1 #bie ,tru?1 h[ develop$1 #bah !1 ( an ev5t may be fully prov$1 ?\gh no "o ( sundry pro(s may be complete1 #bie :e!r !re is any su* ?+1 d5i$ by skeptics1 #cje ,tw(old effect ( ! analogical argum5t1 #cje ,unbeliev]s1 ackn[l$gm5t (1 #bhi _c d5y a con=mity betwe5 prophecy & ev5ts1 #bic ,und]/&+1 its "r use1 #bde ,undesign$ co9cid5ces 9 ,bible hi/ory1 #bff ,undet]m9ate language deceives _m1 #big ,unequal di/ribution ( religi\s k1 #bdi ,unfair deal+ ( objectors1 #big ,unreasonabl5ess ( apply+ to passion = guidance1 #bie ,unsatisfactory evid5ce1 m5 (t5 oblig$ to act ^u x1 #cjb ,v>iety 9 ! di/ribution ( ,god's gifts1 #bdi1 #cab ,va/ness ( ! s*eme ( nature1 #bjd ,v]acity ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 #bgd ,vic>i\s puni%m5ts witness$ e day1 #bdd det] f s91 #bde ,vice appo9t$ to be puni%$1 #bca bl9ds m5 to j evid5ce1 #bee its effects 9 ! pres5t _w1 #bcd its natural consequ5ces are ,god's judicial inflictions1 #aig its real enormity1 #bcd n palliat$ by any suppos$ lack ( evid5ce = religion1 #bee ,v9dication ( religion by analogy impossible1 #bif ( ! "* ( ,god1 n attempt$ 9 ?is treatise1 #bii1 #cjj ,way ( salvation = ! helpless1 #ahf ,w ( ,,god1 z absolute or conditional1 #bfa ,_w1 wick$ness (1 #bch ,wor%ip1 mode (1 a matt] ( pure revelation1 #aie ,writ]s on ! atonem5t1 #bdb ,*ri/ian sacram5ts1 #aie miracles1 #bfd1 #bfh necessity ( revelation1 #ahg prophecy1 #bgg-bhe ,scripture difficulties1 #bae undesign$ co9cid5ces1 #bff ,,! ,,end4