,,nietzs*e ,,8 ,,life ,,& ,,works ,philosophies ,anci5t & ,mod]n ,,by ,,an?ony ,m4 ,,ludovici ,,au?or ,,( ',:o is to be ,ma/] ( ! ,_w8' ,,& ',notes to ,z>a?u/ra' ,,preface ,,by ,,dr4 ,,osc> ,,levy ,,con/able ,,company ,,ltd ,london #aiaj ,introduction ,! commission = a book on ,nietzs*e1 to =m ! late/ addition to a s]ies ( fam\s philosoph]s1 is mo/ c]ta9ly a sign t ! age ( adv]sity1 ?r\gh :i* ! e>li] ,nietzs*eans _h to /ruggle1 has at la/ come to an end4 ,= t5 consecutive ye>s !y _h _h no reply :atev] to _! propag&a1 & _! publications1 l\d z "s ( !m 71 prov$ z ineffective z cannon %ots fir$ into ! et]nity ( int]planet>y space4 ,f9ally1 h[ev]1 :5 ! e*o 0 at la/ he>d1 x gave back no?+ l ! orig9al s\nd3 x 0 an e*o ( groans & moans1 an e*o ( ro>+ disapproval & hiss+ mock]y4 ,yet ! ye>s roll$ on & on--& s did ! pr9t+-presses--hiss+ & ro>+ z mu* z ev]--b at la/1 _! ?und]s grew tam] & m subdu$--! tempe/ ( _! fury seem$ to die away 9 ! di/ance--occasionally a slight mutt] 0 /ill to be he>d1 b no m fla%es & hisses--& sudd5ly a /reak ( blue 0 obs]v$ ov] ! horizon1 foll[$ by a ray & smile ( sunlight--& a s(t zephyr ( subdu$ & t5tative complim5ts--& :5 our ,nietzs*e edition _h begun to appe> 9 its /ately volumes we 7 enabl$ to receive f our =m] enemies on bo? sides ( ! ,atlantic respectful congratulations4 ,& n[ all my brave fri5ds are radiant ) joy & optimism4 ,l ! w&]] 9 ! fairy tale1 :ile ! /orm ( disgu/ & l\d reproa* 0 rag+1 !y wrapp$ !mselves all ! m closely 9 _! cloaks1 & no impud5t w9d c\ld te> a %r$ ( g>m5ts f !m1 b n[ t ! sun ( approval has set 91 !y w\ld fa9 get out ( _! arm\r & enjoy ! f9e wea!r z a rew>d = pa/ p]ils4 ,has n ! spr+ come at la/8 ,are n ! gay fl[]s at our feet meant to welcome ! victori\s w>riors8444 ,are n ! ladies --ladies t f "t immemorial h lov$ ! w>rior 7especially :5 he is successful7--smil+ at u m glori\sly ev5 ?an ! sun8444 ,sun1 ladies1 fl[]s1 smiles--0 !re ev] a nic] comb9ation8444 ,b1 alas6 !re is an unimag9ative creature among ! gue/s1 an e>ne/ face among ! *e]ful1 a disbeliev] among ! fai?ful1 a d>k c\nt5ance amid ! bright assembly2--a be+ :o1 9 gl>+ contra/ to ! sun1 ! smiles1 & ! gaily-col\r$ dresses & sun%ades1 is keep+ a tight hold ^u a d>k umbrella--= he has an uncontrollable mi/ru/ ( ,engli% wea!r6 ,& ,i may claim t ,i n only "k ! meteorological conditions ( ,engl&1 b also ^? ( ! :ole ( mod]n ,europe4 ,i "k !m s well t ,i h ! greate/ d\bts :e!r ,nietzs*e's influ5ce w be /rong en\gh to )/& ! t]rible hurricane ( democracy :i* 9 our age is sweep+ ev]y?+ be=e x1 & leav+ a level pla9 9 its re>4 ,nietzs*e may h be5 ev] s "r1 b ,tru? & ,righte\sness d n always prevail 9 ?is _w ( ours1 inde$1 !y don't3 ! bible itself1 t o!rwise optimi/ic book1 lets ?is gr& secret out once & only once--9 ! /ory ( ,job4 ,! happy end+ 9 t book w deceive no reali/ic obs]v]3 x 0 add$ to ! /ory1 z x is add$ to mod]n plays & novels1 = ! edification & com=t ( ! audi5ce3 ! true /ory ( ,job 0 )\t x1 z 0 ! true /ory ( _m a brave man1 z 0 ! true /ory ( t great pope1 :o on 8 dea?b$ came out ) ! confession3 ,dilexi ju/itiam et odi iniquitatem1 propt]ea morior 9 exsilio1#a a confession :i* w5t 9 ! v tee? ( 8 own virtue-rew>d+ cre$ ) its happy-g-lucky tru/ 9 ! moral ord] ( ! univ]se4 ,nietzs*e may h be5 "r1 !re=e he may be unsuccessful4 ,i myself reg>d ,nietzs*e's views on art1 religion1 psy*ology1 morality1 z extremely s\nd2 ,i ?9k !y are prov$ bo? by hi/ory & by common exp]i5ce2 ,i ev5 suspect t !y c\ld be confirm$ by sci5ce1 if only sci5ce w\ld give up look+ at ! _w ?r\gh ! col\r$ spectacles ( democratic prejudice 444 b !n1 x is s difficult to give up ?is democratic prejudice2 = x is by no means simply a political op9ion4 ,democracy1 z a political cre$1 ne$ t]rify no "o2 = political cre$s succe$ ea* o!r l waves ( ! sea1 ^: ?und] is l\d & ^: end is fro?2 b ! driv+ p[] beh9d democracy is n a political "o1 x is religi\s --x is ,*ri/ianity4 ,a mighty religion /ill1 a religion :i* has gov]n$ ! _w = two ?\s& ye>s1 :i* has influ5c$ all philosophies1 all lit]atures1 all laws1 all cu/oms up to our own day1 till x has f9ally filt]$ into our he>ts1 our blood1 our sy/em1 & become "p & p>cel ( ourselves )\t our be+ aw>e ( x4 ,at ! pres5t mom5t we are all in/9ctive ,*ri/ians4 ,ev5 if ?is ,*ri/ian religion has be5 sev]ely w\nd$ by ,nietzs*e's criticism--& ,i believe ?is to be ! case--,i beg to sugge/ t a w\nd$ lion may /ill h m /r5g? ?an all ! fussy1 political1 rationali/ic1 agno/ic1 noncon=mi/1 ,nietzs*ean & sup]-,nietzs*ean mice put toge!r4 ,x 0 all ! brav]1 !re=e1 on ,nietzs*e's "p to assail su* a mighty enemy1 & to attack him exactly on ! spot :]e attack 0 mo/ ne$$1 if victory 7 to be won4 ,nietzs*e cle>ly recognis$ t ! canons ( criticism _h until n[ only be5 direct$ aga9/ ! out] works ( t /alw>t =tress--at dogmatic1 at sup]natural1 at ecclesia/ical ,*ri/ianity1 & t no "o _h yet d>$ to aim "r at ! v he>t ( ! cre$-- its morality1 :i*1 :ile ! %amfight]s 7 at "w outside1 0 be+ enorm\sly /r5g!n$ & consolidat$ f )94 ,?is morality1 h[ev]1 ,nietzs*e recognis$ z intimately connect$ ) mod]n democracy--& beh9d ! rosebu% ( democracy ) its fl[]y spee*es & its frat]nity- & lib]ty-blossoms1 ,nietzs*e cle>ly saw ! dragon ( an>*y & dissolution lurk+4 ,x 0 ! mortal fe> ( annihilation & ru9 :i* gave ,nietzs*e ! d>+ to fulm9ate aga9/ our religion ) su* imp]i%able ,di?yrambics4 ,he 0 ! fir/ to mean ! phrase1 crasez l'infme6 :i* 9 ,voltaire's m\? 0 only an epigrammatic exclamation4 ,= ,nietzs*e's great =]unn] on ! ,cont95t1 ,wolfgang ,goe!1 :o 0 also j z well aw>e h[ x w\ld all end1 0 mu* too prud5t a man to lay 8 inn]mo/ he>t b>e to 8 enemies1 he--! gr& old hypocrite ( ,weim>--gaug$ ! p[] ( ! contr>y curr5t correctly1 & wisely left ! op5 combat aga9/ ,*ri/ianity & democracy to 8 great colleague--to t man ( tragic wit1 to ,he9ri* ,he9e4 ,& !re 7 o!rs on ! ,cont95t--v few to be sure1 & no politician or man ( sci5ce or woman among !m--o!rs :o saw ! drift ( mod]n ideas3 all ( !m poets4 ,= poets are prophets3 _! s5sitive organisation feels ! fall ( ! glass fir/1 :ile _! pluck & _! pride1 _! duty & _! desire to face ! /orm drive !m into ! v ?ick ( x4 ,! ,g]man poet ,hebbel1 ! ,fr5* noveli/ ,/5dhal1 7 among/ !m4 ,a new ,mat!w ,arnold --! object ( my wi% = ?is c\ntry--w\ld p]haps l to include ano!r poet1 ! ,fr5*man ,alfr$ de ,vigny1 9 ^: j\rnal are to be f\nd ^? awe-inspir+ words aga9/ democracy3 ,alas6 x is ?\1 ,democracy1 t art ! des]t6 x is ?\ :o ha/ %r\d$ & blea*$ ev]y?+ b5ea? ?y monticles ( s&6 ,?y t$i\s flatness has cov]$ ev]y?+ & levell$ all6 ,= ev] & ev] ! valley & ! hill supplant ea* o!r2 & only f "t to "t a man ( c\rage is se53 he rises l a s&-:irl1 makes 8 t5 paces t[>ds ! sun1 & !n falls l p[d] to ! gr\nd4 ,& !n no?+ m is se5 save ! et]nal pla9 ( endless s&4 ,goe! & ,hebbel1 ,/5dhal & ,he9ri* ,he9e1 ,alfr$ de ,vigny & ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e1 all made _! t5 /eps t[>ds ! sun & are n[ sleep+ peacefully b5ea? ! dry s&s ( ,*ri/ian democracy4 ,_! works are read1 to be sure2 b alas6 h[ few und]/& _! mean+6 ,i see ?is & ,i %udd]4 ,& ,i rememb] ano!r mom5t 9 my life--a mom5t ( p]turbation too--a mom5t 9 :i* an idea ov]came me1 :i* has be5 haunt+ me ev] s9ce4 ,i 0 on a visit to ,mrs4 ,fr/]-,nietzs*e1 9 h] villa high up among/ ! hills ( ,weim>1 wait+ 9 ! draw+-room = my ho/ess to ent]4 ,x 0 ! fir/ "t t ,i _h /ood ^u ! holy gr\nd :]e ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e gave up 8 h]oic s\l1 & ,i 0 naturally impress$2 my eyes w&]$ rev]5tly ar\nd ! sc5e1 & ,i sudd5ly notic$ "s h&writ+ on ! wall4 ,! h&writ+ consi/$ ( a p[]ful lett] ,n :i* ! +5i\s build] _h engrav$ pr(usely ^u ! oak panels ( ! room4 ,! ,n1 ( c\rse1 rem9d$ me ( ano!r big ,n1 connect$ ) ano!r big "n1--! ,n :i* us$ to be engrav$ toge!r ) ! imp]ial cr[n & eagle ^u ! plate & regalia ( ,napoleon ,bonap>te4 ,!re 0 ano!r victim ( democracy3 ! man :o1 elevat$ by its revolution>y wave1 tri$ to /ifle & subdue ! an>*ical flood1 0 swall[$ up z ignom9i\sly z its o!r implacable oppon5t1 ! plucky p>son's son ( ! vic>age ( ,rck54 ,! mighty sword 9 ! beg9n+ & ! mighty p5 at ! end ( ! la/ c5tury 7 alike impot5t aga9/--,fate4 ,no d\bt1 ,i saw 9 t mom5t1 z ?\gh lit up by a fla%light1 ! fate ( ,europe cle>ly be=e my eyes4 ,a fate--an iron fate4 ,a fate unavoidable = a cont95t t w h no m guides1 no m great m54 ,a fate unavoidable = an age t spills its be/ blood ) ! c>elessness ( ignorance4 ,a fate unavoidable = a p t is driv5 by its v religion to disob$i5ce & an>*y4 ,& ,i ?\ght ( my own race1 :i* has se5 s _m fates1 s _m ages1 s _m empires decl9e--& !re 0 ,i1 ! et]nal ,jew1 witness+ ano!r cata/rophe4 ,& ,i %udd]$1 & :5 my ho/ess ent]$ ,i _h n yet recov]$ my brea?4 ,gruesome1 isn't x8 ,b :at if x %\ld n come true8 ,!re are no m prophets to-day1 says ! ,talmud scornfully4 ,well1 unlike my ance/or ,jonah1 :o became melan*olic :5 8 ann\ncem5t ( ! d[nfall ( ,n9eveh 0 n fulfill$1 ,i beg to say t ,i on ! contr>y %all be extremely delight$ to h prov$ a false prophet4 ,b ,i %all keep my umbrella all ! same4 ,,osc> ,,levy4 #ed ,russell ,squ>e1 ,london1 ,w4,c4 #a ',i h lov$ ju/ice & ,i h hat$ iniquity1 !re=e ,i die 9 exile4' ,cont5ts ,introduction ,*apt] ,i ,life & ,works ,*apt] ,,ii ,nietzs*e ! ,amorali/ ,*apt] ,,iii ,nietzs*e ! ,morali/ ,*apt] ,,iv ,nietzs*e ! ,evolutioni/ ,*apt] ,v ,nietzs*e ! ,sociologi/ ,summ>y & ,conclusion ,books ,useful to ! ,/ud5t ( ,nietzs*e ,abbreviations ,us$ 9 ,ref]r+ to ,nietzs*e's ,works ,d4 ,d4 ,dawn ( ,day4 ,z4 ,?us ,spake ,z>a?u/ra4 ,g4 ,e4 ,beyond ,good & ,evil4 ,g4 ,m4 ,! ,g5ealogy ( ,morals4 ,aph4 ,aphorism4 ,*apt] ,i ,life & ,works ,holy be ?y "n to all com+ g5]ations6 ,9 ! "n ( all ?y fri5ds1 ,i1 ?y pupil1 cry out our w>me/ ?anks to !e = ?y great life4 ,?\ wa/ "o ( ! noble/ & pure/ m5 t ev] trod ?is e>?4 ,& al?\gh ?is is kn[n to bo? fri5d & foe1 ,i d n deem x sup]flu\s to utt] ?is te/imony al\d at ?y tomb4 ,= we "k ! _w2 we "k ! fate ( ,sp9oza6 ,ar\nd ,nietzs*e's memory1 too1 po/]ity may ca/ %ad[s6 ,& !re=e ,i close ) ! words3 ,peace to ?y a%es6#a ,?is view1 express$ by ,pet] ,ga/1 ,nietzs*e's /aun*e/ fri5d & disciple1 at 8 ma/]'s graveside1 9 ,augu/ #aijj1 may be reg>d$ z typical ( ! ,nietzs*e en?usia/'s attitude t[>ds 8 ma/]4 ,on ! o!r h& we h ! assurance ( ,nietzs*e's oppon5ts & enemies t no?+ c\ld h be5 m utt]ly disa/r\s to mod]n society1 m p]nici\s1 dang]\s1 & ridicul\s ?an ,nietzs*e's life-"w4 ,at ! pres5t day ,nietzs*e is s pot5t a =ce & 8 influ5ce is increas+ ) su* rapidity t1 :atev] our call+ 9 life may be1 x behoves u to "k precisely :at he /&s =1 & to :i* ( ! op9ions above giv5 we %\ld subscribe4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! inquir] into ! life & works ( ?is int]e/+ man w f9d t he has well-nigh z _m by-names z he has read]s1 & n ! lea/ ( our difficulties 9 speak+ ab\t him w be to give him a fitt+ title1 descriptive ( 8 mission & ! way 9 :i* he und]/ood x4 ,"s d5y 8 "r to ! title philosoph]2 o!rs decl>e him to be a m]e an>*i/2 & a l>ge numb] reg>d all 8 lat] works z no m ?an a %all[ ?\gh brilliant rev]sal ( e accept$ doctr9e on e>?4 ,9 ord] to be able to provoke s mu* div]sity ( op9ion1 a man mu/ be n only v]satile b =cible4 ,nietzs*e 0 bo?4 ,!re is sc>cely a subject 9 ! :ole range ( philosophical ?\ght :i* he does n attack & bl[ up2 & he hurls =? 8 h>d1 poli%$ missiles 9 a mann] s de/ructive1 & at ! same "t ) su* accuracy ( aim1 t x is no wond] a *orus ( ill-us$ /rongholds ( traditional ?\ght n[ cry out aga9/ him z a di/urb] & annihilator ( _! peace4 ,yet1 ?r\gh all ! du/1 smoke1 & noise ( 8 implacable w>f>e1 !re are bo? a me?od & a mission to be disc]n$--a me?od & a mission 9 ! pursuit ( :i* ,nietzs*e is really z unsw]v+ z he seems caprici\s4 ,?r\gh\t 8 life & all 8 _m recantations & revulsions ( feel+1 he rema9$ fai?ful to "o purpose & to "o aim--! elevation ( ! type man4 ,h[ev] bewild]$ we may become b5ea? ! hail ( 8 epigrams1 treat+ ( e mom5t\s "q t has ev] agitat$ ! human m9d1 we /ill c trace ?is broad pr9ciple runn+ ?r\gh all 8 works3 8 desire to elevate man & to make him m wor?y ( humanity's great pa/4 ,ev5 9 8 attack on ,engli% psy*ologi/s1 naturali/s1 & philosoph]s1 9 ,! ,g5ealogy ( ,morals1 :at are 8 *>ges aga9/ !m8 ,he says !y debase man1 volunt>ily or involunt>ily1 by seek+ ! really op]ative1 really imp]ative & decisive factor 9 hi/ory precisely :]e ! intellectual pride ( man w\ld lea/ wi% to f9d x1 i4e4 9 vis in]ti1 9 "s bl9d & accid5tal me*anism ( ideas1 9 automatic & purely passive adaptation & modification1 9 ! compulsory action ( adju/m5t to environm5t4 ,aga91 9 8 attack on ! evolutioni/s' s-call$ /ruggle = exi/5ce1 ( :i* ,i %all speak m exhau/ively lat]1 x is ! sugge/ion t life--m]e exi/5ce 9 itself--is wor?y ( be+ an aim at all1 t he deprecates s pr(\ndly4 ,&1 once m1 x is ) ! view ( elevat+ man & 8 aspirations t he levels ! attack4 ,:atev] we may ?9k ( 8 me?ods1 !re=e1 at lea/ 8 aim 0 suffici5tly l(ty & hon\rable1 & we mu/ be> 9 m9d t he nev] %irk$ ! duties :i*1 rightly or wrongly1 he imag9$ w\ld help him to a*ieve x4 ,:at 0 ,nietzs*e8 ,if we accept 8 own def9ition ( ! philosoph]'s task on e>?1 we mu/ place him 9 ! front rank ( philosoph]s4 ,=1 accord+ to him1 ! creation ( new values1 new pr9ciples1 new /&>ds1 is ! philosoph]'s sole raison d'tre2 & ?is he c]ta9ly accompli%$4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 ) all ! s*ool philosoph]s1 we ask him to %[ u 8 sy/em1 we %all mo/ surely be disappo9t$4 ,9 ?is respect1 !re=e1 we may p]haps ne$ to modify our op9ion ( him4 ,be t z x may1 x is safe to ma9ta9 t he 0 a poet ( no mean ord]2 n a m]e v]sifi] or rhapsodi/1 b a poet 9 ! old ,greek s5se ( ! ^w1 i4e4 a mak]1 9 our "t su* m5 are s r>e t we are apt to "q :e!r !y exi/ at all1 = poeta/]s h de/roy$ our fai? 9 !m4 ,goe! 0 p]haps ! la/ example ( ! type 9 mod]n ,europe1 & al?\gh we may recall ! sci5tific a*ievem5ts ( m5 l ,mi*elangelo1 ,leon>do da ,v9ci & ,galileo1 we are n suffici5tly ready to associate _! div9+ & intuitive p[] 9 ! dep>tm5t ( sci5ce ) _! purely arti/ic & poetic a*ievem5ts1 despite ! fact t ! two are really insep>able4 ,kn[+ ! high au?ority ) :i* poets ( ?is ord] are wont to sneak1 x might be suppos$ t we %\ld approa* ,nietzs*e's innovations 9 ! realm ( sci5ce ) "s respect1 n 9 spite (1 b precisely ow+ to1 8 great poetic g5ius4 ,un=tunately to-day ?is no long] foll[s4 ,too ?or\ghly h we divorc$ sci5ce f emotion & feel+ 7v wrongly1 z ev5 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] & ,buckle bo? decl>$71 & n[1 :]ev] we see emotion or a sugge/ion ( passion1 we are too apt to purse our lips & /& on our gu>d4 ,:5 we consid] t ,nietzs*e 0 ultimately to prove ! bitt]e/ enemy ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! sev]e/ critic ( ! ecclesia/ic1 8 antec$5ts seem1 to say ! lea/1 rem>kable4 ,8 fa!r1 ,k>l ,ludwig ,nietzs*e1 born 9 #ahac1 0 a cl]gyman ( ! ,g]man ,prote/ant ,*ur*2 8 gr&fa!r _h also tak5 ord]s2 :il/ 8 gr&mo!r on 8 fa!r's side 0 desc5d$ f a long l9e ( p>sons4 ,nor d ?+s *ange v mu* :5 we turn to 8 "m's family2 = 8 mat]nal gr&fa!r1 ,oehl]1 0 also a cl]gyman1 &1 accord+ to ,nietzs*e's si/]1 he appe>s to h be5 a v s\nd1 ?\gh broad1 !ologian4 ,yet1 p]haps1 x is we :o are wrong 9 see+ any?+ /range 9 ! fact t a man ) su* or?odox antec$5ts %\ld h develop$ into a prophet & re=m] ( ,nietzs*e's /amp2 = we %\ld rememb] t only a long tradition ( discipl9e & /rict conv5tionality1 la/+ ov] a numb] ( g5]ations1 is able to re> t w-p[] & det]m9ation :i*1 z ! lives ( mo/ great m5 h %[n1 are ! fir/ conditions ( all epo*-mak+ movem5ts />t$ by s+le individuals4 ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e 0 born at ,rck5 ne> ,ltz51 9 ! ,prussian prov9ce ( ,saxony1 on ! #ae? ( ,octob] #ahdd4 ,f 8 e>lie/ *ildhood onw>ds ! boy seems to h be5 robu/ & active & does n appe> to h suff]$ f any ( ! ord9>y ailm5ts ( infancy4 ,9 ! biography writt5 by 8 si/] mu* /ress is laid ^u ?is fact1 :ile ! sometimes exceptional heal? enjoy$ by 8 p>5ts & ance/ors is duly emphasis$ by ! anxi\s biograph]4 ,elisabe? ,nietzs*e 7born 9 ,july #ahdf71 ! biograph] 9 "q1 is p]fectly ju/ifi$ 9 e/abli%+ ^! facts ) c>e2 = we "k t our poet philosoph] di$ insane1 & _m h s\ght to %[ t 8 insanity 0 h]$it>y & c\ld be trac$ ?r\gh\t 8 works4 ,nietzs*e's fa!r di$ 9 #ahdi1 & 9 ! foll[+ ye> ! family remov$ to ,naumburg4 ,!re ! boy receiv$ 8 e>ly s*ool+1 fir/ at a prep>atory s*ool & subsequ5tly at ! ,gymnasium--! ,gramm> ,s*ool--( ! t[n4 ,z a lad1 x is said t he 0 fond ( milit>y games1 & ( sitt+ alone1 & x appe>s t he w\ld recl9e = h\rs at 8 gr&mo!r ,nietzs*e's feet1 li/5+ to h] rem9isc5ces ( ! great ,napoleon4 ,t[>ds ! end ( #aheh ,mrs4 ,nietzs*e 0 (f]$ a s*ol>%ip = h] son1 = a t]m ( six ye>s1 9 ! ,l&es-,s*ule1 ,p=ta1 s fam\s = ! s*ol>s x produc$4 ,at ,p=ta1 :]e ! discipl9e 0 v sev]e1 ! boy foll[$ ! regul> s*ool c\rse & work$ ) great indu/ry4 ,8 si/] tells u t dur+ ?is p]iod he di/+ui%$ himself mo/ 9 8 private /udies & arti/ic ef=ts1 ?\gh ev5 9 ! ord9>y "w ( ! s*ool he 0 decid$ly above ! av]age4 ,x 0 "h1 too1 t he fir/ became acqua9t$ ) ,wagn]'s compositions1 & a ^w ought n[ p]haps to be said 9 reg>d to 8 musical /udies4 ,music1 we "k1 play$ any?+ b a m9or rle 9 8 lat] life1 z 8 ?ree important essays1 ,ri*>d ,wagn] 9 ,bayreu?1 ,! ,case ( ,wagn]1 & ,nietzs*e contra ,wagn]1 are ) u to prove4 ,i fe>1 h[ev]1 t x w be impossible to g v deeply into ?is "q "h1 save at ! co/ ( o!r /ill m important matt]s :i* h a prior claim to our att5tion4 ,let x !n suffice to say t1 z a boy1 ,nietzs*e's tal5t _h already become s noticeable t = "s "t ! "q :i* agitat$ ! eld]s 9 8 circle ( relatives & fri5ds1 among :om 7 "s compet5t judges1 0 :e!r he %\ld n give up all else 9 ord] to develop 8 great gift4 ,9 ! end1 h[ev]1 x 0 decid$ t he %\ld become a s*ol>1 & al?\gh he nev] entirely gave up compos+ & play+ ! piano1 music nev] atta9$ to any?+ beyond ! dignity ( a s]i\s hobby 9 8 life4 ,9 say+ ?is ,i naturally exclude 8 critical writ+s on ! subject1 :i* are at once valuable & important4 ,nietzs*e's six ye>s at ,p=ta 7 responsible = a l>ge numb] ( 8 subsequ5t ideas4 ,:5 we he> him lay+ p>ticul> /ress ^u ! value ( rigor\s tra9+ free f all s5tim5tality2 :5 we read 8 views conc]n+ au/]ity & ! importance ( law1 ord] & discipl9e1 we mu/ be> 9 m9d t he is speak+ ) an actual k ( ^! ?+s1 & ) pr(\nd exp]i5ce ( _! wor?4 ,! excell5ce ( 8 philological "w may also be ascrib$ to ! v s\nd tra9+ he receiv$ at ,p=ta1 & ! ,lat9 essay :i* he wrote on an orig9al subject 7,!ognis1 ! great ari/ocratic poet ( ,meg>a7 = ! leav+ exam9ation1 laid ! f\ndation ( all 8 subsequ5t op9ions on morality4 ,nietzs*e left ,p=ta 9 ,septemb] #ahfd & ent]$ ! ,univ]sity ( ,bonn1 :]e he /udi$ philology & !ology4 ,! latt] he ab&on$ six mon?s lat]1 h[ev]1 & 9 ! autumn ( #ahfe he left ,bonn = ,leipzig1 :i!r 8 fam\s tea*] ,rits*l _h prec$$ him4 ,betwe5 #ahfe & #ahfg 8 "w at ,leipzig prov$ ( ! utmo/ importance to 8 c>e]4 ,hell5ism1 ,s*op5hau] & ,wagn] n[ ent]$ into 8 life & became p>am\nt influ5ces ) him1 & ea* 9 its way det]m9$ :at 8 ultimate mission 0 to be4 ,hell5ism drew him ev] m /rongly to philology & to ! problem ( culture 9 g5]al2 ,s*op5hau] direct$ him to philosophy1 & ,wagn] taught him 8 fir/ /eps 9 a subject :i* 0 to be ! actual ,leit-motif ( 8 tea*+--,i ref] to ! "q ( ,art4 ,8 "w dur+ ^! two ye>s1 ardu\s ?\gh x 01 9 no way affect$ 8 heal?1 &1 despite 8 %ort-sight1 he tells u t he 0 !n able to endure ! greate/ /ra9 )\t ! smalle/ tr\ble4 ,be+ ( a robu/ & en]getic nature1 h[ev]1 he 0 anxi\s to discov] "s means ( employ+ 8 bodily /r5g?1 & x 0 = ?is reason t1 reg>dless ( ! int]ruption 9 8 "w1 he 0 en?usia/ic at ! ?\ght ( becom+ a soldi]4 ,9 ! autumn ( #ahfg he ent]$ ! f\r? regim5t ( ,field ,artill]y1 & x is said t he p]=m$ 8 duties to ! complete satisfaction ( 8 sup]iors4 ,b1 alas1 ?is la/$ b a %ort "t2 =1 z ! result ( an un=tunate fall f a re/ive horse1 he 0 compell$ to leave ! col\rs be=e he _h complet$ 8 t]m ( s]vice4 ,9 ,octob] #ahfh1 aft] a s]i\s illness1 ! /ud5t return$ to 8 "w at ,leipzig1 & n[ t ev5t took place :i* 0 p]haps ! mo/ triumphant & mo/ decisive 9 8 c>e]4 ,x 0 ,nietzs*e's ambition to get ,8 doctor's degree z soon z possible & !n to travel4 ,mean:ile1 h[ev]1 o!rs 7 busy det]m9+ :at he %\ld d4 ,"s philological essays :i* he _h writt5 9 8 /ud5t days1 & :i*1 ow+ to _! excell5ce1 _h be5 publi%$ by ! ,rhe9is*es ,museum1 _h attract$ ! att5tion ( ! educational ,bo>d ( ,ble4 ,"o ( ! ,bo>d communicat$ ) ,rits*l conc]n+ ,nietzs*e1 & ! reply ! le>n$ s*ol> s5t 0 s fav\rable t ! ,univ]sity ( ,ble imm$iately (f]$ ,rits*l's fav\rite pupil _! ,pr(essor%ip ( ,classical ,philology4 ,?is 0 an exceptional hon\r1 &1 to cr[n x1 ! ,univ]sity ( ,leipzig quickly grant$ ,nietzs*e 8 doctor's degree )\t fur!r exam9ation --truly a rem>kable occurr5ce 9 /raitlac$ & =mal ,g]many6 ,8 fir/ ye>s at ,ble are *iefly associat$ 9 our m9ds ) 8 inaugural address3 ,hom] & ,classical ,philology1 ) 8 action 9 reg>d to ! ,franco-,g]man w>1 & ) 8 lectures on ! ,future ( our ,educational ,in/itutions4 ,i c d no m ?an ref] to ^! "h1 b z reg>ds ! w> x is necess>y to g into fur!r detail4 ,9 ,july #ahgj1 ho/ilities op5$ betwe5 ,france & ,prussia4 ,n[1 al?\gh ,nietzs*e _h be5 =c$ to become a naturalis$ ,swiss subject 9 ord] to accept 8 appo9tm5t at ,ble1 he 0 lo? to rema9 inactive :ile 8 own c\ntrym5 f\ght = ! hon\r ( ,g]many4 ,he c\ld n1 h[ev]1 fight = ! ,g]mans )\t compromis+ ,switz]l&'s neutrality4 ,he !re=e w5t z a hospital att5dant1 & 9 ?is capacity1 aft] obta9+ ! necess>y leave1 he foll[$ 8 =m] compatriots to ! w>4 ,accord+ to ,elisabe? ,nietzs*e1 x 0 ?is act ( devotion :i* 0 ! cause ( all h] bro!r's subsequ5t ill-heal?4 ,9 ,ars-sur-,moselle1 :ile t5d+ ! sick & w\nd$1 ,nietzs*e contract$ dys5t]y f ^? 9 8 *>ge4 ,) 8 con/itution und]m9$ by ! ex]tions ( ! campaign1 he fell v s]i\sly ill1 & _h to be reliev$ ( 8 duties4 ,long be=e he 0 /rong en\gh to d s1 h[ev]1 he resum$ 8 "w at ,ble2 & n[ began t second phase ( 8 life dur+ :i* he nev] once recov]$ ! heal? he _h enjoy$ be=e ! w>4 ,9 ,janu>y #ahgb ,nietzs*e publi%$ 8 fir/ book1 ,! ,bir? ( ,trag$y4 ,x is really b a portion ( a mu* l>g] "w on ,hell5ism :i* he _h always _h 9 view f 8 e>lie/ /ud5t days1 & x may be said to h be5 prep>$ 9 two prelim9>y lectures deliv]$ at ,ble1 "u ! title ( ! ,greek ,musical ,drama1 & ,socrates & ,trag$y4 ,! "w 0 receiv$ ) en?usiasm by ,wagn]ians2 b among ,nietzs*e's philological fri5ds x succe$$ 9 r\s+ little m ?an d\bt & suspicion4 ,x 0 a sign t ! "y pr(essor 0 beg9n+ to ascribe too mu* importance to ,art 9 its influ5ce ^u ! _w1 & ?is ! dry m5 ( sci5ce c\ld n tol]ate4 ,betwe5 #ahgc & #ahgf1 ,nietzs*e1 :ile /ill at ,ble1 publi%$ f\r m essays :i*1 = matt] & =m1 prov$ to be among ! mo/ />tl+ productions t ,g]many _h read s9ce ,s*op5hau]'s prime4 ,_! au?or call$ ^! essays ,?\ghts out ( ,season1 & 8 aim 9 writ+ !m 0 und\bt$ly ! reg5]ation ( ,g]man culture4 ,! fir/ 0 an attack on ,g]man ,phili/9ism1 9 ! p]son ( ,david ,/rauss1 ! fam\s !ologian ( ,tb+51 :om ,nietzs*e dubb$ ! ,phili/9e ( ,culture1 & 0 calculat$ to *eck ! extreme smugness :i* _h sudd5ly invad$ all dep>tm5ts ( ?\ght & activity 9 ,g]many z ! result ( ! rec5t milit>y triumph4 ,! second1 ,! ,use & ,abuse ( ,hi/ory1 0 a prote/ aga9/ excessive indulg5ce 9 ! hi/orical s5se1 or ! love ( look+ backw>ds1 :i* ?reat5$ to p>alyse ! intellig5ce ( ,g]many 9 ^? days4 ,9 x ,nietzs*e tries to %[ h[ hi/ory is = ! few & n = ! _m1 & po9ts out h[ r>e are ^? :o h ! /r5g? to endure ! lesson ( exp]i5ce4 ,9 ! ?ird1 ,s*op5hau] z ,educator1 ,nietzs*e pits 8 great tea*] aga9/ all o!r dry-z-du/ philosoph]s :o make = /agnation 9 philosophy4 ,! f\r?1 ,ri*>d ,wagn] 9 ,bayreu?1 conta9s ,nietzs*e's la/ ^w ( praise z a fri5d ( ! great ,g]man musician4 ,9 x we already see signs ( 8 revulsion ( feel+2 b on ! :ole x is a panegyric writt5 ) love & conviction4 ,! f\r?1 ,ri*>d ,wagn] 9 ,bayreu?1 conta9s ,nietzs*e's la/ ^w ( praise z a fri5d ( ! great ,g]man musician4 ,9 x we already see signs ( 8 revulsion ( feel+2 b on ! :ole x is a panegyric writt5 ) love & conviction4 ,! only "o ( ! f\r ,?\ghts out ( ,season :i* creat$ mu* comm5t 0 ! fir/1 conc]n+ ,david ,/rauss1 & ?is gave rise to a l\d outcry aga9/ ! d>+ "y philologi/4 ,nietzs*e _h be5 v unwell ?r\gh\t ?is p]iod4 ,dyspepsia & heada*es1 br\ght on p>tly by ov]work1 rack$ him incessantly1 &1 9 addition1 he 0 gett+ ev] ne>] & ne>] to a f9al & irrevocable brea* ) ! greate/ fri5d ( 8 life--,ri*>d ,wagn]4 ,aft] obta9+ leave f ! au?orities he w5t to ,sorr5to1 :]e1 9 ! autumn ( #ahgf1 he began "w on 8 next important book1 ,human1 ,all-too-human1 ! book :i* 0 to "p him = ev] f ,wagn]4 ,9 ,febru>y #ahgh ! fir/ volume 0 ready = ! pr9t]1 & 0 publi%$ almo/ simultane\sly ) ,wagn]'s ,p>sifal1 :i* "w1 z is well kn[n1 0 ! dea?-bl[ to ,nietzs*e's fai? 9 8 =m] idol4 ,9 ,human1 ,all-too-human1 ,nietzs*e z a philosoph] is n yet /&+ on 8 own legs1 z x 74 ,he is only j beg9n+ to feel 8 way1 & is /ill deeply imm]s$ 9 ! ?\ght ( o!r m5--m p>ticul>ly t ( ! ,engli% positivi/s4 ,z a "w ( transition1 h[ev]1 ,human1 ,all-too-,human is exce$+ly int]e/+1 z are also its sequels ,miscellane\s ,op9ions & ,apoph!gms 7#ahgi7 & ,! ,w&]] & 8 ,%ad[ 7#ahhj74 ,b 9 none ( ^!1 z ! au?or himself admits1 is !re to be f\nd t c]ta9ty ( aim & treatm5t :i* *>act]is$ 8 lat] writ+s4 ,9 #ahgi1 ow+ to ill-heal?1 ,nietzs*e 0 compell$ to resign 8 pr(essor%ip at ! ,univ]sity ( ,ble1 & ! spr+ ( t ye> saw him an indep5d5t man ) an annual p5sion ( #cjjj francs1 g5]\sly grant$ to him by ! ,bo>d ( ,managem5t on ! acceptance ( 8 resignation4 ,) ?is p5sion & a small private income d]iv$ f a capital ( ab\t #adjj1 he 0 n de/itute1 ?\gh by no means afflu5t1 & :5 we rememb] t he 0 oblig$ to defray ! exp5ses ( publication 9 ! case ( almo/ e "o ( 8 books1 we may =m "s idea ( 8 actual res\rces4 ,f ?is "t =w>d ,nietzs*e's life 0 sp5t 9 travell+ & writ+4 ,v5ice1 ,m>i5bad1 ,zri*1 ,/4 ,moritz 9 ! ,ob]-,engad9e1 ,sils ,m>ia1 ,taut5b]g 9 ,?ur+ia1 ,g5oa1 etc41 etc4 7 among ! places at :i* he /ay$1 accord+ to ! season2 & dur+ ! ye> #ahhj 8 heal? mat]ially improv$4 ,9 ,janu>y #ahha he _h complet$ ! manuscript ( ! ,dawn ( ,day1 & is said to h be5 well satisfi$ ) 8 condition4 ,9 ! ,dawn ( ,day ,nietzs*e = ! fir/ "t beg9s to reveal 8 real p]sonality4 ,?is book is lit]ally ! dawn ( 8 great life "w1 & 9 x we f9d him grappl+ ) all ! problems :i* he 0 subsequ5tly to tackle ) su* a ma/]ly & c\rage\s h&4 ,x appe>$ 9 ,july #ahha & met ) b a poor reception4 ,inde$1 aft] ! publication ( ! la/ ( ! ,?\ghts out ( ,season ,nietzs*e appe>s to h creat$ v little /ir among 8 c\ntrym5--a fact :i*1 ?\gh x greatly depress$ him1 only made him r$\ble 8 en]gies4 ,9 ,septemb] #ahhb ,! ,joyful ,wisdom 0 publi%$--a book writt5 dur+ "o ( ! happie/ p]iods ( 8 life4 ,x is a v]itable fanf>e ( trumpets ann\nc+ ! triumphal entry ( its di/+ui%$ foll[] ,z>a?u/ra4 ,) x ,nietzs*e's f9al philosophical views are already mak+ headway1 & x is full ( ! love ( life & en]gy :i* p]meates ! gr& philosophical poem :i* 0 to come aft] x4 ,disappo9t$ by ! meagre success ( 8 works1 & hurt by ! attitude ( v>i\s fri5ds1 ,nietzs*e n[ retir$ into lonel9ess1 &1 settl+ d[n on ! beautiful bay ( ,rapallo1 began "w on t wond]ful moral1 psy*ological1 & critical rhapsody1 ,?us ,spake ,z>a?u/ra1 :i* 0 to prove ! greate/ ( 8 creations4 ,dur+ ! ye>s #ahhc-hd1 ! ?ree fir/ p>ts ( ?is "w 7 publi%$1 &1 ?\gh ea* "p 0 issu$ sep>ately & met ) ! same cold reception :i* _h be5 giv5 to 8 o!r works ( rec5t ye>s1 ,nietzs*e nev] once lo/ he>t or wav]$ 9 8 resolve4 ,x requir$1 h[ev]1 all ! sublime inspirations :i* we f9d express$ 9 t wond]ful ,book = all & ,none1 to enable a man to /& firmly & absolutely alone amid all ! h>d%ips & rev]ses t beset our an*orite poet ?r\gh\t ?is p]iod4 ,x 0 ab\t ?is "t t ,nietzs*e began to take *loral 9 ! hope ( ov]com+ 8 insomnia2 x 0 n[1 too1 t 8 si/] --! only relative = :om1 despite "s misund]/&+s1 he _h a real affection--became engag$ to a man ) :om he 0 utt]ly out ( sympa?y2 & all ! :ile negotiations1 into :i* ,nietzs*e _h ent]$ ) ! ,leipzig ,univ]sity = ! purpose ( secur+ ano!r pr(essorial *air1 7 becom+ ev] m hopeless4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ?is exposition ,i %all h to treat ( ! doctr9es enunciat$ 9 ,?us ,spake ,z>a?u/ra--inde$1 see+ t ?is "w conta9s all ,nietzs*e's ?\ght 9 a poetical =m1 x w\ld be q impossible to discuss any s+le t5et ( 8 philosophy )\t 9 "s way ref]r+ to ! book 9 "q4 ,i _c !re=e say mu* ab\t x at pres5t1 save t x is g5]ally admitt$ to be ,nietzs*e's opus magnum4 ,besides ! philosophical views exp\nd$ 9 ! f\r p>ts ( :i* x consi/s1 ! value ( its autobiographical passages is enorm\s4 ,9 x we f9d ! hi/ory ( 8 mo/ intimate exp]i5ces1 fri5d%ips1 feuds1 disappo9tm5ts1 triumphs1 & ! l2 & ! :ole is writt5 9 a /yle s magnetic & poetical1 t1 z a specim5 ( belles-lettres alone1 entirely ap>t f ! que/ions x treats1 ! "w _c & ought n to be ov]look$4 ,al?\gh !re is n[ sc>cely a ,european language into :i* ,z>a?u/ra has n be5 translat$1 al?\gh ! fame ( ! "w1 at pres5t1 is almo/ univ]sal1 ! reception x met ) at ! "t ( its publication 0 s unsatisfactory1 & misund]/&+ relative to its tea*+ became s g5]al1 t )9 a ye> ( ! issue ( its fir/ "p1 ,nietzs*e 0 already beg9n+ to see ! necessity ( br++ 8 doctr9es be=e ! public 9 a m def9ite & unmi/akable =m4 ,dur+ ! ye>s t foll[$--t is to say1 betwe5 #ahhc & #ahhf--?is plan 0 matur$1 & betwe5 #ahhf & #ahhi--! ye> ( our au?or's f9al breakd[n1 ?ree important books 7 publi%$ :i* may be reg>d$ z prose-sequels to ! poem ,z>a?u/ra4 ,^! books are3 ,beyond ,good & ,evil 7#ahhf71 ,! ,g5ealogy ( ,morals 7#ahhg71 & ,! ,twilight ( ! ,idols 7#ahhi72 :ile ! po/hum\s works ,! ,w to ,p[] 7#aija7 & ! little volume ,anti*ri/1 publi%$ 9 #ahie1 :5 its au?or 0 ly+ hopelessly ill at ,naumburg1 also belong to ! p]iod 9 :i* ,nietzs*e wi%$ to make 8 ,z>a?u/ra cle> & compreh5sible to 8 fell[s4 ,9 ! ensu+ *apt]s x w be my endeav\r to /ate briefly all t is vital 9 ! works j ref]r$ to4 ,:at rema9s to be relat$ ( ,nietzs*e's life is sad en\gh1 & is almo/ common k4 ,:5 8 si/] ,elizabe? m>ri$ ,dr4 ,fr/] & w5t to ,p>aguay ) h] sp\se1 ,nietzs*e 0 practically )\t a fri5d1 &1 _h x n be5 = ,pet] ,ga/'s devotion & help1 he w\ld probably h succumb$ to 8 con/itutional & m5tal tr\bles mu* soon] ?an he actually did4 ,be=e 8 la/ breakd[n 9 ,tur91 9 ,janu>y #ahhi1 ! only real enc\ragem5t he is ev] kn[n to h receiv$ 9 reg>d to 8 philosophical works came to him f ,cop5hag5 & ,p>is4 ,9 ! latt] city x 0 ,ta9e :o committ$ himself by prais+ ,nietzs*e1 & 9 ! =m] x 0 ,dr4 ,george ,br&es1 a clev] & le>n$ pr(essor1 :o deliv]$ a s]ies ( lectures on ! new message ( ! ,g]man philosoph]4 ,! news ( ,br&es' success 9 ,cop5hag5 9 #ahhh greatly bright5$ ,nietzs*e's la/ ye> ( au?or%ip1 & he correspond$ ) ! ,dani% pr(essor until ! end4 ,x has be5 rightly obs]v$ t ^! lectures 7 ! dawn ( ,nietzs*eism 9 ,europe4 ,z ! result ( ov]-"w1 excessive indulg5ce 9 drugs1 & a ho/ ( disappo9tm5ts & anxieties1 ,nietzs*e's great m9d at la/ collaps$ on ! #bnd or #crd ( ,janu>y #ahhi1 nev] aga9 to recov]4 ,! la/ words he wrote1 :i* 7 subsequ5tly f\nd on a slip ( pap] 9 8 /udy1 ?r[ m light ^u ! trag$y ( 8 breakd[n ?an all ! le>n$ m$ical treatises t h be5 writt5 ab\t 8 case4 ,i am tak+ n>cotic aft] n>cotic1 he said1 9 ord] to dr[n my angui%2 b /ill ,i _c sleep4 ,to-day ,i w c]ta9ly take su* a quantity z w drive me out ( my m9d4 ,f t "t to ! day ( 8 dea? 7#be? ,augu/ #aijj7 he l+]$ a helpless & unconsci\s invalid1 fir/ 9 ! c>e ( 8 ag$ "m1 & ultimately1 :5 ,elizabe? return$ a wid[ f ,p>aguay1 z 8 si/]'s belov$ *>ge4 ,= an op9ion ( ,nietzs*e dur+ 8 la/ phase ,i _c d bett] ?an quote ,pr(essor ,h5ri ,li*t5b]g] ( ,nancy1 :o saw ! invalid 9 #ahih2 & ) ?is sympa!tic ,fr5*man's valuable obs]vations1 ,i %all draw ?is *apt] to a close3-- ,9 ! gradual wane ( ?is en?usia/ic lov] ( life1 ( ?is apologi/ ( en]gy1 ( ?is prophet ( ,sup]man !re is some?+ inexpressibly sad--inexpressibly beautiful & peaceful4 ,8 br[ is /ill magnific5t--8 eyes1 ! light ( :i* seems to be direct$ inw>ds1 h an expression :i* is indef9ably & pr(\ndly mov+4 ,:at is go+ on )9 8 s\l8 ,nobody c say4 ,x is j possible t he may h pres]v$ a dim recollection ( 8 life z a ?9k] & a poet4 #a ,das ,leb5 ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e's by ,frau ,fr/]-,nietzs*e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,*apt] ,,ii ,nietzs*e ! ,amorali/ ,f a casual /udy ( ,nietzs*e's life x might be ga!r$ t he _h little "t = private m$itation or = any lonely brood+ ov] problems =eign to 8 s*ool & univ]sity /udies4 ,inde$1 f ! v mom5t :5 x 0 decid$ t he %\ld become a s*ol>1 to ! day :5 ! ,univ]sity ( ,leipzig grant$ him 8 doctor's degree )\t exam9ation1 8 exi/5ce seems to h be5 s :olly occupi$ by /r5u\s application to ! duties :i* 8 aspirations impos$ ^u him t1 ev5 if he _h _h ! w to d s1 x w\ld seem t he c\ld n h _h ! leisure to become engag$ 9 any s]i\s ?\ght outside 8 regul> "w4 ,nev]!less1 if we inquire into ! matt] m deeply1 we f9d to our a/oni%m5t1 t dur+ ! :ole ( t ardu\s p]iod--f 8 ?irte5? to ?is tw5ty-f\r? ye>--8 imag9ation did n once cease f play+ ar\nd problems ( ! highe/ import1 q unrelat$ to 8 s*ool & univ]sity subjects4 ,9 ! introduction to ,! ,g5ealogy ( ,morals1 he writes z foll[s3 --444 :ile b a boy ( ?irte5 ! problem ( ! orig9 ( evil haunt$ me3 to x ,i d$icat$1 9 an age :5 we h 9 he>t half-play1 half-,god1 my fir/ lit]>y *ild-play1 my fir/ philosophical composition2 &1 z reg>ds my solution ( ! problem !re91 well1 ,i gave1 z is b fair1 ,god ! hon\r1 & made him ,fa!r ( evil4#a ,& !n he cont9ues3 ,a little hi/orical & philological s*ool+1 toge!r ) an inborn & delicate s5se reg>d+ psy*ological que/ions1 *ang$ my problem 9 a v %ort "t into t o!r "o3 "u :at circum/ances & conditions did man inv5t ! valuations good & evil8 ,& :at is _! own specific value8 ,?is problem1 z /at$ "h1 seems /up5d\s en\gh2 9 fact1 x w\ld be difficult1 9 ! :ole realm ( human ?\ght1 to discov] a "q ( great] mom5t & intricacy2 & yet we %all see t ,nietzs*e 0 j z mu* born to attack & solve x z ,c>d9al ,newman seems1 f ! ,apologia pro ,vita ,sua1 to h be5 born to ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,if we reflect a mom5t1 we f9d t good & evil are c]ta9ly words t ex]cise a trem5d\s p[] 9 ! _w4 ,to atta* ! ^w good to any ?+ or de$ is to give x ! hall-m>k ( desirability3 on ! o!r h&1 to atta* ! ^w evil to x is tantam\nt to proscrib+ x f exi/5ce4 ,ev5 9 ! old ,engli% prov]b1 ,give a dog a bad "n & hang him1 we h a sugge/ion ( ! enorm\s =ce :i* has be5 compress$ into ! two monosyllables good & bad1 & be=e we s]i\sly take up ! problem1 x 7 well to pond] a :ile ov] ! really pr(\nd significance ( ^! two words4 ,nietzs*e1 z we h already obs]v$1 0 nev] 9 any d\bt z to _! importance3 8 life passion 0 ! desire to solve ! mean+1 ! orig91 & ! intr9sic value ( ! two t]ms2 & he did n re/ until he _h a*iev$ 8 end4 ,let u n[ exam9e :at morality--:at good & evil--means to almo/ ev]ybody to-day4 ,9 ! m9ds ( ne>ly all ^? p :o are nei!r /ud5ts nor actual tea*]s ( philosophy1 !re is a sup]/ition t good is a p]fectly def9ite & absolute value1 & t evil is kn[n unto all4 ,few seem to d\bt t ! mean+ ( ^! words has be5 fix$ once & = ev]4 ,! ord9>y ,european lives1 reads1 & sleeps1 ye> 91 ye> out1 "u ! delusion t all is q cle> 9 reg>d to "r & wrong4 ,su* a p]son is1 ( c\rse1 some:at aba%$ :5 y tell him t a c]ta9 p 9 ! ,ea/ practise infanticide & call x good or t a c]ta9 p 9 ! ,we/ always sep>ate at meals & eat ap>t & call ?is good4 ,he usually gets ov] ! difficulty1 h[ev]1 by say+ t !y "k no bett]1 & :5 at la/ he is h>d press$1 & is b\nd to admit t views ( good & bad1 sometimes ! rev]se ( 8 own1 actually d pres]ve & unite p 9 /range l&s1 he takes refuge 9 ! hope t all diff]5ces may "o day be brok5 d[n & t ! problem w ?us be solv$4 ,no su* facile %elv+ ( ! "q1 h[ev]1 c\ld satisfy ,nietzs*e4 ,f ! v outset he fre$ himself f all national & ev5 racial prejudices1 & c\ld see no p>ticul> reason :y ! k9d ( morality n[ prevail+ 9 ,europe1 or c\ntries l ,europe1 mu/ necess>ily & ultimately ov]come & supplant all o!rs4 ,he !re=e attack$ ! "q ) a p]fectly op5 m9d1 & ask$ himself :e!r he q und]/ood ! "p ! t]ms good & evil h play$ 9 human hi/ory4 ,is morality--its ju/ification 9 our mid/ & its mode ( action--compreh5d$ at all8--,he replies to ?is "q s d>+ly & s uprightly1 t at fir/ 8 cle>ness may only bewild] u4 ,^! t]ms good & evil1 he tells u1 are m]ely a means to ! acquisition ( p[]4 ,&1 inde$1 9 ! v resi/ance we (f] :5 he attempts to criticise our notions ( morality1 we tacitly ackn[l$ge t 9 ?is morality our /r5g? does actually reside4 ,no great] p[] on e>? 0 f\nd by ,z>a?u/ra ?an good & evil#b ,no p c\ld live )\t fir/ valu+2 if a p w ma9ta9 itself1 h[ev]1 x mu/ n value z its neighb\r value?4#c ,9 ! la/ s5t5ce we h seiz$ ,nietzs*e's clue to ! :ole "q4 ,if y w\ld ma9ta9 y\rself1 y _c & mu/ n value z y\r neighb\r values4 ,good & evil1 !n1 are n p]man5t absolute values2 !y are transi5t1 relative values1 s]v+ an end :i* c be expla9$ 9 t]ms ( biology & an?ropology4 ,b n[ let u halt a mom5t1 = ! sake ( cle>ness1 & let u inquire precisely h[ ,nietzs*e himself 0 l$ to ?is conclusion4 ,9 ! summ] ( #ahfd1 :5 he 0 9 8 tw5tie? ye>1 he 0 giv5 "s home "w to d :i* he 0 expect$ to h ready by ! end ( ! holidays4 ,x 0 to consi/ ( a ,lat9 !sis ^u "s optional subject1 & he *ose ,!ognis1 ! ,ari/ocratic ,poet ( ,meg>a4 ,:ile prep>+ ! "w he 0 /ruck ) ! au?or's use ( ! words good & bad z synonym\s ) ari/ocratic & plebeian1 & x 0 ?is valuable h9t :i* fir/ set him on ! "r track4 ,!ognis & 8 fri5ds1 be+ desir\s ( mak+ _! p[] prevail1 7 naturally compell$ to reg>d any =ce :i* assail$ t p[] z bad--bad1 9 ! s5se ( dang]\s to _! ord] ( p[]2 & ?us x came to pass t ,!ognis1 z an ari/ocrat 9 ! heat ( a /ruggle betwe5 an olig>*y & a democracy1 spoke ( ! democratic values z bad & ( ^? ( 8 own p>ty z good4 ,! writ+ ( ?is essay _h o!r consequ5ces :i* ,i %all only be able to ref] to 9 ! next *apt]2 b at pres5t let x suffice to say t1 9 recognis+ ! arbitr>y use made by ,!ognis ( ! epi!ts good & bad 9 designat+ ! olig>*y & ! democracy respectively1 ,nietzs*e 0 fir/ induc$ to look ^u morality m]ely z a weapon 9 ! /ruggle = p[]1 & he ?us fre$ himself f all ! usual bias :i* belongs to ! absoluti/'s /&po9t4 ,h5ce 8 claim to ! surname amorali/1 & 8 use ( ! phrase ,beyond ,good & ,evil1 z ! title ( "o ( 8 greate/ works4 ,let u1 h[ev]1 rememb] t al?\gh ,nietzs*e did und\bt$ly take up a position beyond good & evil1 9 ord] to free himself tempor>ily f ! gyves ( all tradition1 /ill ?is attitude 0 no m ?an a mom5t>y "o1 & he ultimately became z rigid a morali/ z ! mo/ exact+ c\ld desire4 ,x 0 a new morality1 h[ev]1 or p]haps a =gott5 "o1 :i* he ultimately prea*$1 & ) ! view ( prep>+ ! gr\nd = x he 0 9 a measure oblig$ to de/roy old idols4 ,he :o ha? to be a creator 9 good & evil1 says ,z>a?u/ra1 v]ily1 he ha? fir/ to be a de/roy]1 & to break values to pieces4#d ,assum+ ! position ( ! relativi/1 !n1 ,nietzs*e obs]v$ t1 all morality1 all use ( ! words good & evil1 is only an artifice = acquir+ p[]4 ,turn+ to ! animal k+dom1 he w5t 9 se>* ( support = 8 views1 & v soon discov]$ t1 9 biology at lea/1 no fact 0 at v>iance ) 8 g5]al hypo!sis4 ,9 nature e species ( organic be+ behaves z if its k9d alone ought ultimately to prevail on e>?1 &1 :e!r x try to effect ?is end by op5 aggression or c[>dly dissimulation1 ! motive 9 bo? cases is ! same4 ,! lion's good is ! antelope's evil4 ,if ! antelope believ$ ! lion's good to be its good1 x w\ld g & pres5t itself )\t fur!r ado be=e ! lion's jaws4 ,if ! lion believ$ ! antelope's good to be its good x w\ld adopt veget>ianism =?) & es*ew its c>nivor\s habits = ! re/ ( its days4 ,aga91 no p>asite c\ld %>e ! notions ( good & evil ent]ta9$ by its victim1 nei!r c\ld ! victims %>e ! notions ( good & evil ent]ta9$ by ! p>asite4 ,ev]y:]e1 !n1 ^? modes ( conduct are adopt$ & p]petuat$ by a species1 :i* mo/ conduce to ! preval5ce & ext5sion ( _! p>ticul> k9d1 & t species :i* fails to discov] ! class ( conduct be/ calculat$ to pres]ve & /r5g!n x gets ov]come 9 ! w> ( conduct :i* con/itutes ! incessant /ruggle = p[]4 ,n[1 apply+ ! k to man1 :at did ,nietzs*e f9d8 ,he f\nd !re 0 also a w> be+ wag$ betwe5 ! diff]5t modes ( conduct :i* n[ prevail among m51 & t :at "o man sets up z good is call$ evil by ano!r & vice v]s4 ,b ( ?is he soon became conv9c$1 t :5ev] & :]ev] good & evil _h be5 set up z absolute values1 !y _h be5 ?us elevat$ to p[] ) ! view ( pres]v+ & multiply+ "o specific type ( man4 ,all moralities1 !re=e1 7 b s _m ,trades ,union bann]s fly+ above ! heads ( diff]5t classes ( m51 wov5 & upheld by !m = _! own ne$s & aspirations4 ,s f>1 s good4 ,b !n1 if t 7 s1 ! "* ( a morality mu/ be det]m9$ by ! class ( m5 among :om x came into be+4 ,we %all see t ,nietzs*e did n hesitate to accept ?is conclusion1 & t if = a mom5t he decl>$3 ,no "o kn[e? yet :at is good & :at is evil6 ! next m9ute he 0 ask+ himself ?is se>*+ "q3 ,is our morality--t is to say1 ! p>ticul> table ( values :i* is gradually modify+ u--compatible ) an ideal wor?y ( man's inh]itance & pa/8 ,if ,nietzs*e has be5 call$ dang]\s1 p]nici\s & immoral1 x is because p h delib]ately ov]look$ ?is la/ "q ( 84 ,no ?9k] :o /ates & hone/ly sets out to answ] ?is "q1 z ,nietzs*e did1 des]ves to be sl&]$1 z he has be5 sl&]$1 by prejudic$ & int]e/$ p int5t on misund]/&+ only 9 ord] t !y may fl+ mud m freely4 ,nietzs*e ca/ 8 critical eye v s]i\sly ar\nd him1 & ! sight ( ! mod]n _w l$ him to ask ^! admitt$ly p]t95t que/ions3 ,is t :i* we h = c5turies held = good & evil1 really good & evil8 ,does our table ( e?ical pr9ciples seem to be fav\r+ ! multiplication ( a desirable type8 ,9 answ]+ ^! two inquiries1 ,nietzs*e un=tunately /orm$ ! mo/ =midable /rongholds ( mod]n society--,*ri/ianity & ,democracy2 & p]haps ?is acc\nts = ! fact t 8 fight 0 s unev5 & s hopeless4 ,! /r5g? ( mod]n ,europe1 if inde$ !re be any /r5g? 9 h]1 lies precisely on ! side ( ,*ri/ianity & ,democracy1 ! gr&mo!r & ! "m ( :at is call$ progress1 mod]nity2 & 9 assail+ ^!1 ,nietzs*e mu/ h kn[n t he 0 engag+ 9 a h&-to-h& /ruggle ) /ony-he>t$ adv]s>ies unaccu/om$ to giv+ qu>t] & unscrupul\s 9 _! me?ods4 ,nietzs*e cle>ly saw t if all moral codes are b weapons protect+ & help+ to univ]salise di/9ct species ( m51 !n ! ,*ri/ian religion ) its e?ical pr9ciples c\ld be no exception to ! rule4 ,x mu/ h be5 creat$ at "s "t & 9 "s place by "o :o _h ! int]e/s ( a c]ta9 type ( man at he>t1 & :o desir$ to make t type p>am\nt4 ,n[ if t 7 really s1 ! next "q t occurr$ to ,nietzs*e's m]cilessly logical m9d 0 ?is3 ,is ! ,*ri/ian religion1 ) its morality1 t5d+ to pres]ve & multiply a desirable type ( man8 ,to ?is la/ "q ,nietzs*e replies mo/ emphatically ,no6 ,b1 be=e go+ into ! reasons ( ?is flat negative1 let u fir/ pause to consid] ! age & ! circum/ances 9 :i* our au?or wrote & ?\ght4 ,long be=e ,nietzs*e _h rea*$ 8 prime ,david ,/rauss _h publi%$ 8 ,life ( ,jesus2 9 #ahfc1 :5 ,nietzs*e 0 /ill 9 8 te5s1 ,r5an publi%$ 8 ,vie de ,jsus1 & 9 ! meantime ,*>les ,d>w9 _h giv5 8 ,orig9 ( ,species to ! _w4 ,^! books _h be5 read by a ,europe t _h already /udi$ ,hume & ,lam>ck1 ,kant & ,s*op5hau]1 & 9 all directions a f9e e> c\ld n help he>+ ! fall+ timb]s ( ,*ri/ian dogma4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ?is g5]al "w ( de/ruction x 0 almo/ impossible = ,nietzs*e to rema9 unmov$ or indiff]5t1 & v soon he f\nd t he too 0 drawn into ! g5]al /ream ( ,european ?\ght2 b only to prove h[ completely he 0 indep5d5t ( x1 & 9 e way sup]ior to x4 ,he contemplat$ ! "w ( ! de/roy]s = "s "t ) amus$ int]e/2 & !n x sudd5ly occurr$ to him to inquire :e!r ^! zeal\s & well-mean+ h\sebreak]s 7 really do+ any la/+ good1 or :e!r all _! ef=ts 7 n p]haps a little misguid$4 ,true1 !y 7 pull+ ! embelli%m5ts f ! walls & 7 ca/+ ! mo/ *]i%$ idols ( ! ,*ri/ian ,fai? into ! du/4 ,b ! walls !mselves1 ! actual design ( ! edifice1 rema9$ unt\*$ & z /rong z ev]4 ,a few brok5 /ones1 a few compla9ts f ! prie/ly ar*ologi/s :o wi%$ to pres]ve !m1 & !n all ! noise subsid$6 ,europe rema9$ z x 0 be=e --t is to say1 /ill 9 possession ( a /ronghold ( ,*ri/ianity1 m]ely dive/$ ( its sup]flu\s ornam5t4 ,nietzs*e soon p]ceiv$ t1 9 spite ( all ! rubbi% & refuse :i* su* p z ,kant1 ,s*op5hau]1 ,/rauss1 ,r5an & o!rs _h made ( ,*ri/ian dogma1 ! ess5tial core ( ,*ri/ianity1 ! vital organ ( its body--its morality--_h s f> rema9$ absolutely intact4 ,nay1 he saw t x 0 actually be+ pla/]$ up & re/or$ by s*ol>s & m5 ( sci5ce :o v[$ t !y c\ld pr(f] reasonable1 rationali/ic1 & logical gr\nds 9 support ( x4 ,j z ,*ri/ian dogma & metaphysics _h be5 rationalis$ & philosophically prov$ by ! s*ol>s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 & ev5 z late z ,leibnitz2 s1 n[1 ,*ri/ian morality 0 be+ pres5t$ 9 a purely philosophical g>b by ! intellects ( ,europe4 ,hav+ rel9qui%$ ! dogma z no long] t5able1 all s*ol>s & m5 ( sci5ce 7 try+ ) r$\bl$ vig\r to bol/] up ,*ri/ian e?ics ) elaborate text-books & le>n$ treatises4 ,!re 7 "s :o accept$ x all z if x 7 innate 9 human nature1 & attribut$ x to a moral s5se2 !re 7 o!rs--good-natur$ biologi/s--:o 7 likewise desir\s ( leav+ x :ole1 & :o decl>$ ) conviction t x 0 ! natural outcome ( ! feel+s ( pleasure & pa92 & !re 7 yet o!rs :o assum$ t x mu/ h be5 evolv$ q automatically out ( exp$i5cy & non-exp$i5cy4 ,n "o ( ^! w\ld-be rationali/s1 h[ev]1 halt$ at ! ,*ri/ian t]ms good & bad !mselves1 9 ord] to ask himself :e!r1 l all ! o!r notions ( good & evil prevail+ else:]e "u ! %elt] ( o!r religions1 ^!1 ! ,*ri/ian notions1 might n h be5 inv5t$ at "s p>ticul> "t by a c]ta9 k9d ( man1 simply ) ! view ( pres]v+ & univ]salis+ 8 specific type4 ,brea?less f _! ef=ts at gett+ rid ( ! dogma1 !y did n dream t p]haps ! mo/ important "p ( ! "w /ill rema9$ to be done4 ,nietzs*e w5t to ! v f\ndation ( ! ,*ri/ian edifice4 ,he po9t$ to its morality & said3 if we are go+ to measure ! value ( ?is religion1 let u cease our petty qu>rels conc]n+ ! tru? or falsehood ( su* /ories z ! loss ( ! ,gad>5e sw9e1 or ! miracle ( ! loaves & fi%es1 & let u ?r[ ! :ole ( ,*ri/ian morality into ! scales & appraise its precise wor? z a sy/em ( e?ics4 ,nietzs*e w\ld h scorn$ to qu>rel ) ! ,*ur*1 z ,huxley did2 = mu* m important issues 7 at /ake4 ,! wor? ( a religion is measur$ by its morality2 because by its morality x m\lds & re>s m5 & reveals ! type ( man :o ultimately wi%es to prevail by means ( x4 ,) ! metaphysics & ! dogma ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ru9s all ar\nd him1 !re=e1 ,nietzs*e took a /ep v f> 9 advance ( ! rationali/ic iconocla/s ( 8 age4 ,he attack$ ,*ri/ian morals1 & decl>$ !m to be1 l all o!r morals1 m]ely a weapon 9 ! h&s ( a c]ta9 type ( man1 ) :i* t type /ruggl$ = p[]4 ,b bold z ?is /ep 01 x con/itut$ b ! fir/ ( a s]ies1 ! next ( :i* 0 to discov] ! type :i* _h laid ! f\ndations ( ! ,*ri/ian ideal4 ,if x c\ld be prov$ t ^! ,*ri/ian values _h be5 creat$ by a noble species ) ! object ( p]petuat+ t species1 !n ,*ri/ianity w\ld come =? f ! inquiry v9dicat$ to ! hilt1 & fill ! damage done to its dogma w\ld n h det]r$ ,nietzs*e f /&+ by x & uphold+ x to 8 v la/ brea?4 ,alas6 ,?+s turn$ out some:at diff]5tly & ,nietzs*e 0 n by any means ! lea/ pa9$ by ! result4 ,pursu+ ! inquiry ) 8 usual unfl9*+ & uncompromis+ hone/y1 & avoid+ no conclusion h[ev] unpleasant or fatal1 ,nietzs*e1 ! scion ( a pr(\ndly religions h\se1 ! lov] ( ord] & tradition1 ) ! blood ( g5]ations ( e>ne/ believ]s 9 8 ve9s1 f9ally f\nd himself compell$ to r5\nce & ev5 to condemn1 root & bran*1 ! fai? :i* _h be5 ! /r5g? & hope ( 8 =ebe>s4 ,be=e turn+ to ! next *apt]1 :]e ,i %all expla9 h[ he came to reg>d ?is /ep z inevitable1 x %\ld be said conc]n+ ,nietzs*e's philosophy 9 g5]al1 t x is ess5tially & ?r\gh & ?r\gh religi\s & almo/ prophetic 9 _s4 ,no c>eful read] ( 8 works c d\bt t ,nietzs*e 0 a deeply religi\s man4 ,a glance at ,?us ,spake ,z>a?u/ra alone w\ld conv9ce any "o ( ?is2 :ile 9 8 con/ant ref]5ces to religion ?r\gh\t 8 works1 z a /ep to high] intellectuality1#e z a means to invaluable cont5t$ness1#f z a measure ( discipl9e1#g z a p[]ful social factor1#h a m sub/antial confirmation ( ! fact is to be f\nd4 ,x is well to be> 9 m9d1 h[ev]1 ?r\gh\t our /udy ( ,nietzs*e1 t he _h a high] type always 9 view2 t he 0 also well aw>e t ?is type c\ld only be atta9$ by ! /rict obs]vance ( a new morality1 & t if he oppos$ o!r =ms ( morality--m p>ticul>ly ! ,*ri/ian =m--x 0 because he e>ne/ly believ$ t !y 7 re>+ an undesirable & ev5 despicable k9d ( man4 ,v]ily m5 h made = !mselves all _! good & evil4 ,v]ily !y did n take x3 !y did n f9d x3 x did n come d[n z a voice f heav54#i ,behold1 ! good & j6 ,:om d !y hate mo/8 ,him :o breake? up _! tables ( values2 ! break]1 ! law-break]3 he1 h[ev]1 is ! creator4#aj ,v]ily a muddy /ream is man4 ,"o mu/ be at lea/ a sea to be able to absorb a muddy /ream )\t becom+ unclean4 ,behold1 ,i tea* y ,sup]man3 he is t sea2 9 him y\r great contempt c s9k4#aa #a ,see also ,d4,d4 ,aph4 #ha4 #b ,z41 p4 #fg4 #c ,z41 p4 #fe4 #d ,z41 p4 #ach4 #e ,g4 ,e41 p4 #ha4 #f ,g4 ,e41 p4 #ha4 #g ,g4 ,e41 p4 #hj4 #h ,g4 ,m41 #crd ,essay1 ,aph4 #ae4 #i ,z41 p4 #fg4 #aj ,z41 p4 #bj4 #aa ,z41 p4 #h4 99 99 99 99 99 ,*apt] ,,iii ,nietzs*e ! ,morali/ ,conceiv+ all =ms ( morality to be b weapons 9 ! /ruggle = p[]1 ,nietzs*e conclud$ t e species ( man mu/ at "s "t or o!r h tak5 to moralis+1 & mu/ h call$ t good :i* its in/9cts approv$1 & t bad :i* its enemies in/9cts approv$4 ,9 ,beyond ,good & ,evil1 h[ev]1 he tells u t aft] mak+ a c>eful exam9ation ( ! f9] & co>s] moralities :i* h hi!rto prevail$ or /ill prevail on e>?1 he f\nd c]ta9 traits recurr+ s regul>ly toge!r1 & s closely connect$ ) "o ano!r1 t1 f9ally1 two prim>y types ( morality reveal$ !mselves to him4 ,t is to say1 aft] pass+ ! kn[n moralities ( ! _w 9 review1 he 0 able to classify !m broadly into two types4 ,he obs]v$ t ?r\gh\t human hi/ory !re _h be5 a cont9ual & implacable w> betwe5 two k9ds ( m52 x mu/ h begun 9 ! remote/ ages1 & x cont9ues to ?is day4 ,x is ! w> betwe5 ! p[]ful & ! impot5t1 ! /rong & ! weak1 ! giv]s & ! tak]s1 ! heal?y & ! sick1 ! happy & ! wret*$4 ,! p[]ful =m$ _! concept ( good1 & x 0 "o :i* ju/ifi$ _! /ronge/ in/9cts4 ,! impot5t likewise acquir$ _! view ( ! matt]1 :i* 0 (t5 precisely ! rev]se ( ! =m] view4 ,9 ?is way ,nietzs*e arriv$ at ! foll[+ broad g5]alisation3 t all ! moralities ( ! _w c\ld be plac$ "u "o ( two heads1 ,ma/] ,morality or ,slave ,morality4 ,9 ! fir/1 ! ma/] morality1 x is ! oak :i* cont5ds3 ,i mu/ rea* ! sun & spread broad br&ies 9 s do+2 ?is ,i call good1 & ! h]d t ,i %elt] may also call x good4 ,9 ! second1 ! slave morality1 x is ! %rub :i* says3 ,i also want to rea* ! sun1 ^! broad bran*es ( ! oak1 h[ev]1 keep ! sun f me1 !re=e ! oak's in/9cts are bad4 ,x is obvi\s t ^! two po9ts ( view exi/ & h exi/$ ev]y:]e on e>?4 ,ap>t f national & racial di/9ctions1 mank9d does fall into ! two broad classes ( ma/] & slave1 or rul] & subject4 ,we also "k t ea* ( ^! classes mu/ h develop$ its moral code1 & mu/ h tri$ to protect its conduct & life !re)4 ,b1 :at we did n "k until ,nietzs*e po9t$ ! fact out to u1 03 :i* morality is ! m desirable & ! m full ( promise = ! future8 ,admitt+ t ! ma/] & ! slave moralities are /ruggl+ = supremacy /ill1 :i* ( !m ought we to promote ) e means 9 our p[]8--:i* ( !m is go+ to make life m attractive1 m ju/ifiable1 & m acceptable on e>?8 ,^! are n[ que/ions ( ! utmo/ importance2 because x is precisely n[ t pessimism1 nihilism1 & o!r desp]ate fai?s are beg9n+ to set _! note ( int]rogation to human exi/5ce1 & to %ake our belief ev5 9 ! desirability ( our own survival4 ,x is n[ "t = u to discov] :5ce arises ?is contempt & horror ( life1 & to lay ! blame = x ei!r at ! door ( ! ma/] or ( ! slave morality4 ,9 ord] t we may und]/& h[ to set =? ^u ?is inquiry1 let u fir/ =m a m5tal image ( ! two codes z !y mu/ h be5 evolv$ by _! orig9ators4 ,nietzs*e rem9ds u be=e we />t1 h[ev]1#a t 9 mo/ communities ! two moralities h become s confus$ & m+l$1 9 ord] to e/abli% t compromise :i* is s de> to ! he>ts ( ! peaceful1 t x w\ld be almo/ a hopeless task to seek any society on e>? 9 :i* !y are n[ to be se5 juxtapos$ 9 %>p contra/4 ,be ?is z x may1 9 ord] to recognise ! blood ( ea* :5 we come across x1 we h only to ?9k ( :at mu/ h occurr$ :5 ! rul+ ca/e & ! rul$ class took to moralis+4 ,tak+ ! rul+ ca/e fir/1 x is cle> t 9 _! morality1 all is good :i* proce$s f /r5g?1 p[]1 heal?1 well-con/itut$ness1 happ9ess1 & awfulness2 = ! motive =ce beh9d ! p :o evolv$ x 0 simply ! w to dis*>ge a pl5itude1 a sup]abundance1 ( spiritual & physical weal?4 ,a consci\sness ( high t5sion1 ( a treasure t w\ld fa9 give & be/[1--?is is ! m5tal attitude ( ! nobles4 ,! anti!sis good & bad to ?is fir/ class means ! same z noble & despicable4 ,bad 9 ! ma/] morality mu/ be appli$ to ! c[>d1 to all acts t spr+ f weakness1 to ! man ) an eye to ! ma9 *ance1 :o w\ld =sake ev]y?+ 9 ord] to live4 ,! creator ( ! ma/] morality 0 he :o1 out ( ! v fulness ( 8 s\l1 transfigur$ all he saw & he>d1 & decl>$ x bett]1 great]1 m beautiful ?an x appe>$ to ! creator ( ! slave morality4 ,great arti/s1 great legislators1 & great w>riors belong to ! class t creat$ ma/] morality4 ,turn+ n[ to ! second class1 we mu/ be> 9 m9d t x is ! product ( a community 9 :i* ! /ruggle = exi/5ce is ! prime life-motor4 ,!re1 inasmu* z oppression1 suff]+1 we>9ess1 & s]vitude are ! g5]al rule1 all w be reg>d$ z good t t5ds to alleviate pa94 ,pity1 ! oblig+ h&1 ! w>m he>t1 pati5ce1 indu/ry1 & humility1--^! are und\bt$ly ! virtues we %all "h f9d elevat$ to ! highe/ places2 because !y are useful virtues2 !y make life endurable2 !y are helpful 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,to ?is class1 all t proce$s f /r5g?1 sup]abundance ( spiritual or bodily p[]1 or great heal?1 is look$ ^u ) loa?+ & mi/ru/1 :ile t :i* is awful is ! wor/ & greate/ evil4 ,he is good :o is am5able1 k9d1 unselfi%1 meek1 & submissive2 t is :y1 9 all communities :]e slave morality is 9 ! asc5dant1 a good fell[ always sugge/s a man 9 possession ( a fair modicum ( fooli%ness & s5tim5tality4 ,! creator ( slave-morality 0 "o :o1 out ( ! pov]ty ( 8 s\l1 transfigur$ all he saw & he>d1 & decl>$ x small]1 mean]1 & less beautiful ?an x appe>$ to ! creator ( ! ma/] values4 ,great misan?ropi/s1 pessimi/s1 demagogues1 ta/eless arti/s1 nihili/s1 spiteful au?ors & dramati/s1 & res5tful sa9ts belong to ! class t creat$ slave-morality4 ,! fir/ ord] ( values are active1 creative1 ,dionysiac4 ,! second are passive1 def5sive1 v5om\s1 subt]ranean2 to !m belong ,adaptation1 adju/m5t1 & utilit>ian relation%ip to environm5t4 ,n[1 see+ t mank9d is und\bt$ly m\ld$ by ! nature ( ! values :i* prevail ov] x1 x is manife/ly ( p>am\nt importance to ! philosoph] to "k :i* ord] ( values conduces to re> ! mo/ desirable species ( man1 & !n to advocate t ord]1 ) all ! art & sci5ce at 8 disposal4 ,nietzs*e saw two l9es ( life3 an asc5d+ & a desc5d+ l9e4 ,at ! end ( ! "o he pictur$ an ideal type1 robu/ 9 m9d & body1 ri* en\gh 9 _s & vig\r to make giv+ & be/[+ a necess>y condition ( its exi/5ce2 at ! end ( ! o!r l9e he already p]ceiv$ deg5]acy1 pov]ty ( blood & _s1 & a suffici5tly l[ degree ( vitality to make p>asitism a biological ne$4 ,he believ$ t ! fir/1 or noble morality1 :5 x prevail$1 made = an asc5d+ l9e ( life & !re=e fav\r$ ! multiplication ( a desirable type ( man2 & he 0 n[ equally conv9c$ t :5ev] ignoble or slave morality 0 supreme1 life n only t5d$ to foll[ ! desc5d+ l9e1 b t ! v m5 ^: exi/5ce x fav\r$ 7 ! lea/ likely to /em ! decl9+ tide4 ,h5ce x seem$ to him t ! mo/ ess5tial ( all tasks 0 to asc]ta9 :at k9d ( morality n[ prevail$1 9 ord] t we might imm$iately transvalue our values1 :ile !re 0 /ill "t1 if we believ$ ?is *ange to be necess>y4 ,:at !n are our pres5t values8 ,nietzs*e replies mo/ emphatically --!y are ,*ri/ian values4 ,9 ! la/ *apt] we saw t al?\gh ,*ri/ian dogma 0 v rapidly becom+ m]e wreckage1 its mo/ e>ne/ oppos]s & de/roy]s nev]!less clung ) fanatical fai? to ,*ri/ian morality4 ,?us1 9 addition to ! va/ multitude ( ^? pr(ess+ ! old religion1 !re 0 also a ho/ ( a!i/s1 agno/ics1 rationali/s1 & mat]iali/s1 :o1 z f> z ,nietzs*e 0 conc]n$1 c\ld q logically be class$ ) ^? :o 7 av[$ly ,*ri/ian4 ,&1 z = ! rema9d]--a few indiff]5t & p]haps nameless p1--:at c\ld !y matt]8 ,ev5 !y1 p]haps1 if h>d press$1 w\ld h betray$ a sneak+1 c[>dly tru/ 9 ,*ri/ian e?ics1 if only out ( a s5se ( security2 & ) ^! ! total sum ( ! civilis$ _w 0 fully made up4 ,p]haps to "s ?is may appe> a some:at sweep+ conclusion4 ,to su* z d\bt its ju/ice1 ! be/ advice t c be giv5 is to urge !m to consult ! lit]ature1 e?ical1 philosophical1 & o!rwise1 ( ^? writ]s :om !y w\ld consid] mo/ oppos$ to ,*ri/ianity be=e ! publication ( ,nietzs*e's works2 & !y w !n realise t1 ) v few exceptions1 mo/ly to be f\nd among un9flu5tial & uncreative iconocla/s1 ! :ole ( ! ,we/]n civilis$ _w 9 ,nietzs*e's "t 0 firmly ,*ri/ian 9 morals1 & mo/ firmly s1 p]haps1 9 ^? v qu>t]s :]e ! dogma ( ! religion ( pity 0 mo/ hone/ly disclaim$4 ,x _h !re=e become 9 ! highe/ degree necess>y to put ^! values "u ! philosophical microscope1 & to discov] to :i* ord] !y belong$4 ,0 ,*ri/ianity ! purveyor ( a noble or ( a slave morality8 ,! reply to ?is "q w\ld reveal ! :ole t5d5cy ( ! mod]n _w1 & w\ld also answ] ,nietzs*e's se>*+ inquiry3 ,are we on ! "r track8 ,pursu+ ,nietzs*e's me?od z closely z we c1 let u n[ turn to ,*ri/ianity1 z we f9d x to-day1 & see :e!r x is possible to br+ its values into l9e ) "o ( ! two broad classes spok5 ( 9 ?is *apt]4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ,nietzs*e discov]s t ,*ri/ianity is n a _w-approv+ fai?4 ,! v pivot ^u :i* x revolves seems to be ! sl&]+ & depreciat+ ( ?is _w1 toge!r ) ! praise & exaltation ( a hypo!tical _w to come4 ,to 8 m9d x seems to draw odi\s comp>isons betwe5 ! ?+s ( ?is e>? & ! bless+s ( heav54 ,f9ally1 x gu%es 9 a v unsportsmanlike mann] ov] an imag9>y beyond1 to ! detrim5t & disadvantage ( a "h1 ( ?is e>?1 ( ?is life1 & posits ano!r region--a ne!r region--= ! accommodation ( its enemies4#b ,:at1 n[1 is ! m5tal attitude ( ^! backworldsm51 z ,nietzs*e calls !m1 :o c see only ! _w's fil?8 ,:o is likely to ne$ ! ?\ght ( a beyond1 :]e he w live 9 bliss :ile ^? he hates w wri! 9 hell8 ,su* ideas occur only to c]ta9 m9ds4 ,d !y occur to ! m9ds ( ^? :o1 by ! v heal?1 /r5g?1 & happ9ess t is 9 !m1 transfigure all ! _w --ev5 ! ugl9ess 9 x--& decl>e x to be beautiful8 ,d !y occur to ! p[]ful :o c *a/ise _! enemies :ile _! blood is /ill up8 ,admitt+ t ! _w may be survey$ f a hundr$ diff]5t /&po9ts1 is ?is p>ticul> /&po9t :i* we n[ h "u our notice1 t ( a cont5t$1 optimi/ic1 sangu9e type1 or t ( a discont5t$1 pessimi/ic1 anmic "o8 ,to ! pure all ?+s are pure6--,i1 h[ev]1 say unto y3 ,to ! sw9e all ?+s are sw9i%4#c ,nietzs*e's s5sitive c> caught curi\s notes 9 ! daily dron+s ( ^? ar\nd him--notes t made him suspici\s ( ! :ole melody ( mod]n life1 & /ill m suspicions ( ! *orus execut+ x4 ,he he>d to 8 a/oni%m5t3 444 ! wret*$ alone are ! good2 ! poor1 ! impot5t1 ! l[ly alone are good2 only ! suff]]s1 ! ne$y1 ! sick1 ! ugly are pi\s only !y are godly2 !m alone bless$ness awaits--b ye1 ! pr\d & pot5t1 ye are = aye & ev]more ! wick$1 ! cruel1 ! lu/ful1 ! insatiable1 ! godless2 ye w also be1 to all et]nity1 ! unbless$1 ! curs$1 & ! damn$4#d ,he cont9u$ li/5+ int5tly1 &1 ) 8 e> attun$ anew1 ^! s5tim5ts broke /rangely ^u 8 s5ses3-- ,bless$ are ! poor 9 _s3 = !irs is ! ,k+dom ( ,heav54 ,bless$ are !y t m\rn3 = !y %all be com=t$4 ,bless$ are ! meek3 = !y %all inh]it ! e>?4 ,bless$ are ! peacemak]s3 = !y %all be call$ ! *ildr5 ( ,god4#e ,!re 0 no "t = brood+ ov] /ray ?\ghts2 !re 0 /ill mu* to be se5 & ho>d4 ,:5 y want to cat* "s "o napp+1 y keep y\r eye eag]ly ^u him1 & turn nei!r to ! "r nor to ! left4 ,nietzs*e1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 0 at ?is /age tread+ s(tly t[>ds ,europe :om he believ$ to be napp+4 ,9 8 lonely h]mit cell he 0 able to cat* all ! s\nds t rose f ! city b5ea? him1 & he he>d p]haps m ?an ! inhabitants !mselves4 ,he c\ld see !m all fight+ & qu>rell+1 & he 0 *e]$1 because he knew t :]e ! great fight = p[] ceases1 ! /&>d ( life falls4 ,b "s he saw 7 w\nd$1 o!rs 7 actually unfit = ! battlefield1 a l>ge numb] look$ tir$ & li/less1 & !re 7 yet o!rs--a goodly multitude--:o 7 res5tful at ! sight ( _! sup]iors & :o1 l sulky *ildr51 dropp$ _! arms 9 a pet & decl>$ t !y w\ld n play any m4 ,& :at 7 all ^! feeble & less viable mortals do+8 ,!y 7 cry+ al\d1 & mak+ _! deepe/ wi%es kn[n4 ,!y 7 elevat+ _! desid]ata to ! highe/ places among/ e>?ly virtues--& driv+ back ! o!rs ) words6 ,nietzs*e ?\ght ( ,reyn>d ! ,fox1 :o1 at ! v mom5t t he 0 ab\t to be hang$1 & ) ! rope already r\nd 8 neck1 succe$$ by 8 dialectical skill 9 p]suad+ ! cr[d to release him4 ,= ,nietzs*e c\ld he> ! we>y1 ! w\nd$1 & ! incapable ( ! fight1 cry+ q di/9ctly ?r\gh _! lips p>*$ = re/3 ,peace is good6 ,love is good6 ,love = "o's neighb\r is good6 ,ay1 & ev5 love = "o's enemy is good6#f ,& "s cri$3 ,x is ,god t av5ge? me6 to ^? :o oppress$ !m1 & o!rs said3 ,! ,"l av5ge me6#g ,:]eupon ,nietzs*e ?\ght ( ! ,jehovah ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ! ,god ( rev5ge & ?und]bolts2 he recall$ ! s5tim5t3 ,ye %all *ase y\r enemies & !y %all fall fall be=e y by ! sword1 & he wond]$ h[ ?is _h come to mean love y\r enemies1 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,_h ano!r type ( m5 p]haps made !mselves ,god's m\?piece8 ,yes1 t mu/ be s2 =1 9 _! holy book1 he came across ?is passage1 ascrib$ to "o ( _! greate/ sa9ts3 ,ha? n ,god made fooli% ! wisdom ( ?is _w8 ,= aft] t 9 ! wisdom ( ,god ! _w by wisdom knew ,god1 x pleas$ ,god by ! fooli%ness ( prea*+ to save !m t believe4 444 ,n _m wise m5 aft] ! fle%1 n _m mighty1 n _m noble are call$3 ,b ,god ha? *os5 ! fooli% ?+s ( ! _w to conf\nd ! wise3 & ,god ha? *os5 ! weak ?+s ( ! _w to conf\nd ! ?+s :i* are mighty3 ,& base ?+s ( ! _w1 & ?+s :i* are despis$1 ha? ,god *os51 yea & ?+s :i* are n1 to br+ to n\ght ?+s t are4#h ,"h1 ,nietzs*e tells u1 he began to hold 8 nose2 b he /ill li/5$2 = !re 0 yet m to be he>d4 ,f ! smiles t 7 break+ ov] ! lips ( ^? :o read ! above words1 he ga!r$ t !y mu/ h ov]come _! unhapp9ess4 ,yes1 inde$1 !y _h4 ,b :at did !y call x8 ,?is 0 important--ev5 ! ,*ri/ian view ( unhapp9ess seem$ significant to ,nietzs*e 9 ?is inquiry4 ,_! unhapp9ess1 _! wret*$ness1 !y call$ a trial1 a gift1 a di/9ction6 ,n really8 ,yes inde$6 ,z ,nietzs*e po9ts out3 ,!y are wret*$1 no d\bt1 all ^! mumbl]s & und]gr\nd =g]s1 ?\gh w>mly seat$ toge!r4 ,b !y tell u _! wret*$ness is a selection & di/9ction f ,god1 t ! dogs :i* are lov$ mo/ are :ipp$1 t _! mis]y may p]haps also be a prep>ation1 a trial1 a s*ool+2 p]haps ev5 m--some?+ :i* at "s "t to come w be refut$ & paid back ) imm5se int]e/ 9 gold4 ,no6 9 happ9ess4 ,?is !y call 'bless$ness4'#i ,at ?is po9t ,nietzs*e decl>es t he c\ld /& x no long]4 ,en\gh1 en\gh6 ,bad air6 ,bad air6 he cri$4 ,me?9ks ?is work%op ( virtue positively reeks4 ,he _h n[ realis$ 9 ^: company he _h be5 all ?is "t4 ,^! p :o halt$ at no?+ 9 ord] to elevate _! weaknesses to ! highe/ place among ! virtues1 & to monopolise goodness on e>?--:o call$ t good :i* 0 tame & s(t & h>mless1 because !y !mselves c\ld only survive 9 litt]s ( cotton wool2 :o col\r$ ! e>? ) ! d>kness t 0 9 _! own bodies2 --:o did n scruple to dub all manly & vital virtues odi\sly s9ful & wick$1 & :o pref]r$ to set ! life ( ! :ole _w at /ake1 r ?an ackn[l$ge t x 0 precisely _! own second-rate1 ?ird-rate1 or ev5 f\r?-rate1 vitality :i* 0 ! greate/ s9 ( all2 :o 9 "o & ! same brea? prea*$ _! utilit>ian univ]sal love to ! p[]ful1 & !n s5t !m to et]nal damnation 9 ano!r _w3 ,nietzs*e asks1 are ^! p ! support]s ( a noble or ( a slave morality8 ,! answ] is obvi\s1 & we ne$ n lab\r ! po9t4 ,b x 0 s obvi\s to ! lonely h]mit1 t ! ?\ght ( x fill$ him ) horror & dread1 & he 0 mov$ to leave 8 cell & to desc5d into ! pla91 :ile !re 0 yet "t1 ) ! object ( urg+ u to transvalue our values4 ,9 ,*ri/ian values1 ,nietzs*e read nihilism1 decad5ce1 deg5]ation1 & dea?4 ,!y 7 calculat$ to fav\r ! multiplication ( ! lea/ desirable on e>?3 &1 z su*1 despite 8 antec$5ts1 & ) 8 "o desire1 ! elevation ( ! type man1 always be=e him1 he condemn$ ,*ri/ian morality f top to bottom4 ,?is magnific5t attempt on ! "p ( ! l[1 ! base1 & ! wor?less1 to e/abli% !mselves z ! mo/ p[]ful on e>?1 mu/ be *eck$ at all co/s1 & ) t]rible e>ne/ness he exhorts u to alt] our values4 ,o my bre?r51 ) :om lie? ! greate/ dang] to ! :ole human future8 ,is x n ) ! good & ! j8 ,break up1 break up1 ,i pray y1 ! good & ! j6 ,?is condemnation ( ,*ri/ian values1 z slave values--:i* ,nietzs*e reg>d$ z 8 greate/ s]vice to mank9d--he says he w\ld write on all walls4 ,he tells u he came j 9 ! nick ( "t2 to-morr[ might be too late4 ,x is "t = man to fix 8 goal4 ,x is "t = man to plant ! g]m ( 8 highe/ hope4 ,8 soil is /ill ri* en\gh = t purpose4 ,b t soil w "o day be too poor & exhau/$1 & no l(ty tree w any long] be able to gr[ !reon4#aj #a ,g4 ,e41 p4 #bbg #b ,john xii4 #be2 #a ,john ii4 #ae1 #af2 ,james iv4 #d4 #c ,z41 p4 #bdi4 #d ,g4 ,m41 #a/ ,essay1 ,aph4 #g4 #e ,mat!w v4 #f ,mat!w xxiii4 #ci2 ,m>k xiii4 #ca2 ,luke x4 #bg2 ,mat!w v4 #dd4 #g #b ,luke xviii4 #g1 #h2 ,romans xii4 #ai2 ,revelation vi4 #aj4 #h ,i ,cor9?ians i4 #bj1 #ba1 #bf1 #bg1 #bh4 #i ,g4 ,m41 #a/ ,essay1 ,aph4 #ad4 ,see also ,epi/le to ! ,hebrews xii4 #f1 & ,revelation iii4 #ai4 #aj ,z41 p4 #ab 99 99 99 99 99 ,*apt] ,,iv ,nietzs*e ! ,evolutioni/ ,transvalue y\r values or p]i%6 ,?is 0 ! message ( ! h]mit ,nietzs*e to ! p inhabit+ ! valley into :i* he _h desc5d$4 ,transvalue y\r values6--t is to say1 make !m :at !y once 71 noble1 life-approv+1 virile6 ,= two ?\s& ye>s ! roll ( ! _w-:eel _h be5 rev]s$--,/5dhal _h said t _m ye>s be=e ,nietzs*e liv$--b x 0 left to ,nietzs*e1 ,/5dhal's admir] & pupil1 to tea* & prove ?is fact4 ,/5dhal1 too1 _h cri$ out aga9/ ! tam5ess1 ! lukew>mness1 ! effem9acy ( society2 b ,nietzs*e took up ?is cry ) a voice m braz5 ?an ,/5dhal's at a "t :5 mank9d 0 9 mu* great] ne$ ( x4 ,/5dhal _h po9t$ en?usia/ically to ! sun & to ! passion ( ! s\?1 & _h donn$ a moral respirator :5ev] he turn$ to face ! grey & depress+ atmosph]e ( nor!rn ideas & nor!rn tepidness4 ,nietzs*e foll[s 8 ma/]'s h9t ) alacrity1 b 9 do+ s conv]ts ,/5dhal's cl>ion notes into ?und]1 & ! gl9t ( ,/5dhal's rapi] into /rokes ( lightn+4#a ,:5 ,nietzs*e began to write ,europe 0 suff]+ f ! wor/ k9d ( spiritual illness--weakness ( w4 ,ev]y:]e com=t & fre$om f dang] 7 becom+ ! highe/ ideals2 ev]y:]e1 too1 virtue 0 be+ conf\nd$ ) ^? qualities :i* l$ to ! highe/ possible am\nt ( security & tame1 back-p>l\r pleasures2 & man 0 gradually develop+ into a h>mless dome/icat$ type ( animal1 capable ( p]=m+ a ho/ ( *>m+ little draw+-room tricks :i* rejoic$ ! he>ts ( 8 wom5folk4 ,sleep seem$ to be ! greate/ accompli%m5t4 ,x _h become all important to h a good night's re/1 & ev]y?+ 0 done to a*ieve ?is end4 ,a man no long] ask$ 8 he>t :at x dictat$1 :5 he /ood irresolute be=e a d>+ de$1 he simply consult$ ,morpheus1 :o w>n$ him t he c\ld n promise him a s(t pill[ if he did any?+ t 0 ev] s slightly naughty4 ,9 ! end1 ,morpheus w\ld prevail1 & ?us all ,europe 0 beg9n+ to snore peacefully ! :ole night ?r\gh1 ) m>vell\s regul>ity1 :ile manl9ess rott$ & dang] dw9dl$4#b ,nietzs*e prote/$ aga9/ ?is /ate ( affairs3--,:at is good8 ye ask4 ,to be brave is good4 ,let ! little s*oolgirls say3 ,to be good is sweet & t\*+ at ! same "t4 ,ye say1 a good cause w hall[ ev5 w>8 ,i say unto y3 a good w> hall[e? e cause4 ,w> & c\rage h done great] ?+s ?an love6#c ,i pass ?r\gh ?is p & keep m9e eyes op53 !y h become small]1 & ev] become small]3 ! reason !re( is _! doctr9e ( happ9ess & virtue4 ,= !y are mod]ate also 9 virtue--because !y want com=t4 ,) com=t1 h[ev]1 mod]ate virtue only is compatible4 ,( man !re is little "h3 !re=e d _! wom5 make !mselves manly4 ,= only he :o is man en\gh1 w save ! woman 9 woman4 ,9 _! he>ts1 !y want simply "o ?+ mo/ ( all3 t no "o hurt !m4 ,t1 h[ev]1 is c[>dice1 ?\gh x be call$ virtue4#d ,"s !re 71 ( c\rse1 :o 7 consci\s ( ! dreadful condition ( ?+s1 & :o deplor$ x1 )\t1 h[ev]1 be+ able to put _! f+] on ! root ( ! evil4 ,su* p 7 mo/ ( !m pessimi/s1 &1 at ! "t t ,nietzs*e liv$1 ,s*op5hau] 0 _! lead]4 ,s5sitive1 noble-m9d$1 arti/ic p1 depriv$ by rationali/ic & a!i/ic tea*]s ( ! belief 9 ,god1 felt ! ignobl5ess ( ,european hopes & aspirations1 & kn[+ ( no bett] cre$ & possess+ ! intellig5ce to see ! hopelessness ( ?+s "u ! rule ( ! values :i* !n prevail$1 !y succumb$ to a mood ( utt] despair1 subscrib$ to ,s*op5hau]'s horror & loa?+ ( ! _w1 & reg>d$ ! v optimism ( *ildhood ) suspicion & scorn4 ,= a :ile ,nietzs*e1 too1 0 an ard5t & devot$ foll[] ( ,s*op5hau]4 ,godlessness 0 bad en\gh to endure3 b ,godlessness 9 a _w ( un-pagan & effem9ate manhood1 0 too mu* = ! lov+ /ud5t ( classical antiquity1 & he turn$ to ,s*op5hau] z to "o :o1 he ?\ght1 w\ld und]/& h[ to /eel 8 he>t aga9/ life's mis]y4 ,b ?is opiate did n ma9ta9 its sway ov] ,nietzs*e long4 ,our poet 0 ( a type too c\rage\s & too vigor\s to be able to surr5d] himself s completely to sorr[ & to ,buddhi/ic consolations4 ,gradually he began to reg>d ! humble & resign$ attitude ( ! pessimi/ be=e life's h>d%ips & mod]nity's greyness z unwor?y ( a spirit$ & active man4 ,sl[ly x dawn$ ^u him t ! root ( ! evil lay1 n 9 ! con/itution ( ! e>?1 b 9 man himself1 & 9 man's actual values4 ,if man c\ld be r\s$ to pursue high] ideals2 if he c\ld be mov$ to kill ! poison\s snake ( ignoble values t _h crawl$ into 8 ?roat & *ok$ him :ile he 0 9 slumb]2#e 9 fact1 if man c\ld surpass himself & reg>d ! rev]sal ( ! _w's eng9es1 = ! la/ two ?\s& ye>s1 z ,/5dhal _h done--t is to say1 z ! grosse/ error & mo/ ridicul\s faux pas t _h ev] be5 made--!n1 ,nietzs*e ?\ght1 pessimism & ,s*op5hau] might g to ! deuce1 & consci\s1 s5sitive1 intellectual1 & arti/ic ,europe w\ld once m be able to smile in/ead ( %udd]+ at ! ?\ght ( mank9d's =m] qualities4 ,?us x 0 ! condemnation ( mod]n values1 toge!r ) ! ?\ght ( man's be+ able to surpass himself1 :i* gave ,nietzs*e ! gr\nds & ! necess>y /r5g? = ab&on+ pessimism & embrac+ t wise optimism :i* *>act]ises ! :ole ( 8 works aft] ,! ,joyful ,wisdom4 ,true1 ,god 0 dead2 b t ought only to make man feel m self-reliant1 m creative1 pr\d]4 ,und\bt$ly ,god 0 dead3 b man c\ld n[ hold himself responsible = himself4 ,he c\ld n[ seek a goal 9 manhood1 on e>?1 & "o t 0 at lea/ )9 ! compass ( 8 p[]s4 ,long en\gh _h he squ9t$ heav5w>ds1 ) ! result1 t he _h neglect$ 8 task on e>?4#f ,dead are all ,gods6 ,nietzs*e cries1 n[ we w t ,sup]man live6#g ,we are n[ be=e ,nietzs*e ! evolutioni/1 & we mu/ def9e him1 relatively to ^? o!r evolutioni/s ) :om we1 z ,engli% p1 are already famili>4 ,to beg9 )1 !n1 let u dispose ( ! fundam5tal "q3 ,nietzs*e's concept ( life4 ,we h _h life v>i\sly def9$ = u by our own writ]s1 & p]haps "o among ,nietzs*e's greate/ contempor>ies 9 ,engl&--,h]b]t ,sp5c]--def9$ x 9 ! mo/ *>act]i/ically ,engli% fa%ion4 ,sp5c] said3 ,life is activity1 or ! cont9u\s adju/m5t ( int]nal relations to ext]nal relations4 ,n[ !re is absolutely no?+ 9 ei!r ( ^! def9itions1 no sugge/ion or h9t1 :i* w\ld lead ! mo/ suspici\s to conjecture :at life really is4 7,activity7 reveals no?+ ( life's passions1 its hate1 its envy1 its covet\sness1 its h>d1 inexorable pr9ciples2 ! process ( ! cont9ual adju/m5ts ( int]nal relations to ext]nal relations might mean ! s]p5t's dige/ion ( its prey1 or ! tra9+ ( an op]a s+]'s voice1 & x might also be a sci5tific =mula = a moral ord] ( ?+s4 ,bo? def9itions are delightfully unh]oic & vague2 ?\gh !y d n compromise ! writ] !y compromise ) ev]y?+ else1 & to />t out ) !m is to %elve ! "q 9 a way :i* all[s ( our subsequ5tly weav+ all ! romance & sweetness possible into life1 & ( mak+ x z pretty z a little nurs]y /ory4 ,nietzs*e1 always eag] = a practical & tangible idea1 naturally c\ld n accept ^! two def9itions z express+ any?+ pr(\nd ab\t life at all4 ,look+ into ! race ( nature1 & read+ h] hi/ory f ! amoeba ) its pr$atory pseudo-podia1 to ! lion ) its murd]\s preh5sile claws1 he def9$ life practically1 uprightly1 & bravely1 z appropriation1 injury1 conque/ ( ! /range & weak1 suppression1 sev]ity1 obtrusion ( its own =ms1 incorporation1 &1 at lea/1 putt+ x milde/1 exploitation4#h ,?us1 z we see1 f ! />t ,nietzs*e closes 8 eyes at no?+1 he does n want life to be a pretty tale if x is n "o4 ,he wants to "k x z x is3 = he is conv9c$ t ?is is ! only way ( arriv+ at s\nd pr9ciples z to ! mann] 9 :i* human exi/5ce %\ld be l$4 ,appropriation1 !n1 he takes z a fact3 he does n argue x away1 any m ?an he tries to argue away injury1 conque/ ( ! /range & weak1 suppression1 & incorporation4 ,^! ?+s are only too app>5t1 & he /ates !m bravely 9 8 def9ition4 ,we "k life is all ?is2 b h[ mu* m com=table x is1 :5 we are sitt+ 9 our s(t easy-*airs be=e our *e]ful fires1 to ?9k t life is m]ely activity6 ,to believe t !re is a moral ord] 9 ! univ]se is to believe t ^! unpleasant ?+s 9 ,nietzs*e's def9ition w "o day be ov]come4 ,?is 0 ! position ,*ri/ianity assum$ f ! />t4 ,put1 ?\gh x 0 excusable 9 a religion fight+ = p[]1 & compell$ to use nice & attractive words = its foll[]s1 to suppose t all ! mis]y on e>? w "o day be trans=m$ by ,god's wisdom into p]fect bliss2 su* an attitude is q unp>donable 9 ! case ( a philosoph] or ev5 ( a poet4 ,:5 ,br[n+ *ant$ smugly3 ,god's 9 ,8 heav53 ,all's "r ) ! _w1 he confess$ himself a m$iocre _s ) "o /roke ( ! p54 ,& :5 ,sp5c] wrote t ! bl9d process ( evolution mu/ inevitably fav\r all *anges ( nature :i* increase life & augm5t happ9ess1 he did ! same4 ,we may n[ p]haps und]/& ,nietzs*e's impati5ce ( 8 pr$ecessors & contempor>ies1 :o refus$ to see precisely :at he saw 9 ! face ( nature4 ,b ev5 9 8 ext5d$ def9ition ( life1 ! mod]n biologi/ br+s himself no ne>] to ,nietzs*e's hone/ /&po9t1 & = ! foll[+ reasons3-- ,! mod]n biologi/ says1 ?is activity he speaks ( has a precise mean+4 ,x connotes ! /ruggle = exi/5ce1 or 9 o!r words self-def5ce4 7,aga9 he is look+ at life ?r\gh moral or ,*ri/ian glasses2 because if e ?+ on e>? is done 9 self-def5ce1 ev5 ! devil himself is argu$ out ( exi/5ce1 & ,god rema9s creator ( ! good alone47 ,nietzs*e replies by d5y+ ?is flatly4 ,he says t ! def9ition is aga9 inadequate4 ,he w>ns u n to conf\nd ,mal?us ) nature4#i ,he admits t ! /ruggle occurs1 b only z an exception4 ,! g5]al aspect ( life is n a /ate ( want or hung]2 x is r a /ate ( opul5ce1 luxuriance1 & ev5 absurd prodigality--:]e !re is a /ruggle1 x is a /ruggle = p[]4 --,w to p[] & n w to live is ! motive =ce ( life4 ,:]ev] ,i f\nd liv+ matt]1 he says1 ,i f\nd w to p[]1 & ev5 9 ! s]vant ,i f\nd ! ye>n+ to be ma/]4 ,only :]e !re is life1 !re is w3 ?\gh a n w to live1 b ?us ,i tea* !e--,,w ,,to ,,p[]4#aj ,is !re no aggression )\t ! /ruggle = exi/5ce8 ,is !re no voluptu\sness 9 a position ( p[] = u own sake8 ,( c\rse !re is6 ,& "o wond]s h[ ^! ,engli% biologi/s c\ld ev] h be5 s*oolboys )\t notic+ ^! facts4 ,z ,nietzs*e po9ts out1 h[ev]1 !y are e "o ( !m lab\r+ "u ! ,*ri/ian ideal /ill--9 spite ( all _! upsett+ ( ! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis1 & 9 spite ( all _! bla/+ ( ! miracles4 ,put1 if life is ! supreme aim ( all1 h[ is x t _m ?+s are valu$ high] ?an life by liv+ be+s8 ,if ! w to live sometimes f9ds itself ov]p[]$ by ano!r w--m p>ticul>ly 9 great w>riors1 great prophets1 great arti/s1 & great h]oes--:at is ?is mighti] =ce :i* ?us ov]p[]s x8 ,we h he>d :at ,nietzs*e calls x--x is ! ,w to ,p[]4 ,psy*ologi/s %\ld be?9k !mselves be=e putt+ d[n ! in/9ct ( self-pres]vation z ! c>d9al in/9ct ( an organic be+4 ,a liv+ ?+ seeks above all to dis*>ge its /r5g?--life itself is ,w to ,p[]2 self-pres]vation is only "o ( ! indirect & mo/ frequ5t results !re(4#aa ,9 spite ( ev]y?+ we h already said1 ,nietzs*e's disagreem5t ) our own biologi/s may /ill seem to _m b a play ^u words4 ,a mom5t's m$itation1 h[ev]--m p>ticul>ly ov] ! passage j quot$--w %[ t x is really mu* deep] ?an ?is4 ,x is "o ?+ to reg>d an animal z a m]e automaton1 pr[l+ ar\nd to satisfy its hung]1 & happy to rema9 inactive :5 ! s5sation ( hung] is appeas$1 & q ano!r to reg>d an animal z a batt]y ( accumulat$ =ces :i* mu/ be dis*>g$ at all co/s 7& = good or evil71 ) only tempor>y lapses ( purely self-pres]vative desires & self-pres]vative actions4 ,all ! diff]5t consequ5ces ( ^! two views w occur to ! ?9k] 9 an in/ant4 ,^u ?is basis1 !n1 ! ,w to ,p[]1 ,nietzs*e builds up a cosmogony :i* also assumes t species h be5 evolv$2 b aga91 9 ! processes ( t evolution he is at v>iance ) ,d>w9 & all ! natural-selectioni/s4 ,nietzs*e _c be p]suad$ t me*anical adju/m5t to ambi5t conditions1 or adaptation to environm5t--bo? purely passive1 meek1 & uncreative functions--%\ld be giv5 ! importance1 z det]m9+ factors1 :i* ! ,engli% & ,g]man s*ools give !m4 ,) ,samuel ,butl]1 he prote/s aga9/ ?is pit*=k+ ( m9d & _s out ( ! univ]se1 & po9ts imp]atively to an inn] creative w 9 liv+ organisms1 :i* ultimately makes environm5t & natural conditions subs]vi5t & subject4 ,9 ! ,g5ealogy ( ,morals#ab he makes x q cle> t he w\ld ascribe ! greate/ importance to a p[] 9 ! organism itself1 to ! highe/ function>ies 9 ! animal1 9 :i* ! life-w appe>s z an active & =mative pr9ciple1 & t ev5 9 ! matt] ( ! my/]i\s occurr5ce ( v>ieties 7sports7 he w\ld seek = inn] causes4 ,d>w9 himself ?rew out only a h9t 9 ?is direction2 t is :y x is safe to suppose t1 if ,nietzs*e & ,d>w9 are ev] reconcil$1 x w probably be precisely on ?is gr\nd4 ,9 ! ,orig9 ( ,species1 speak+ ( ! causes ( v>iability1 ,d>w9 said3 444 ,!re are two factors1 namely ! nature ( ! organism1 & ! nature ( ! conditions4 ,! =m] seem to be mu* ! m important1#ac = ne>ly simil> v>iations sometimes arise "u1 z f> z we c judge1 dissimil> conditions2 & on ! o!r h&1 dissimil> v>iations arise "u conditions :i* appe> to be uni=m4 ,?us diff]+ widely f ! or?odox s*ool ( evolutioni/s1 ,nietzs*e nev]!less believ$ _! hypo!sis to be s\nd2 b once m he has an objection to raise4 ,:y did !y halt :]e !y halt$8 ,if ! process is a fact1 if ?+s h become :at !y are1 & h n always be5 s2 !n :y %\ld we re/ on our o>s8 ,if x 0 possible = man to /ruggle up f b>b>ism1 & /ill m remotely f ! l[] ,primates1 & rea* ! z5i? ( 8 physical developm5t2 :y1 ,nietzs*e asks1 %\ld he n surpass himself & atta9 to ,sup]man by evolv+ 9 ! same decree volitionally & m5tally8 ,! mo/ c>eful ask to-day3 ',h[ is man pres]v$8' ,b ,z>a?u/ra aske? z ! only & fir/ "o3 ',h[ is man surpass$8'#ad ,all be+s 79 y\r g5ealogical ladd]7 h creat$ some?+ beyond !mselves1 & are ye go+ to be ! ebb ( ?is great tide8 ,behold ,i tea* y ,sup]man6#ae ,& n[1 aga91 at ! risk ( be+ monoton\s1 ,i mu/ po9t to yet ano!r diff]5ce betwe5 ,nietzs*e & ! prevail+ s*ool ( evolutioni/s4 ,:]eas ! latt]1 9 _! unscrupul\s optimism1 believ$ t out ( ! *aotic play ( bl9d =ces some?+ highly desirable & good w\ld ultimately be evolv$2 :]eas !y tacitly1 ?\gh n av[$ly1 believ$ t _! fitte/ 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce w\ld ev5tually prove to be ! be/--9 fact t we %\ld muddle ?r\gh to p]fection someh[1 & t some?+ really noble & important w\ld be sure to result f ,john ,br[n's conte/ ) ,h>ry ,smi? = ! highe/ place 9 an insurance (fice1 = in/ance2 ,nietzs*e disbeliev$ f ! bottom ( 8 he>t 9 ?is *ance play ( bl9d & mean+less t5d5cies4 ,he said3 ,giv5 a deg5]ate1 mean1 & base environm5t & ! fitte/ to survive !re9 w be ! man :o is be/ adapt$ to deg5]acy1 meanness1 & bas5ess--!re=e ! wor/ k9d ( man4 ,giv5 a community ( p>asites1 & x may be t ! flatte/1 ! slimie/1 & ! s(te/1 w be ! fitte/ to survive4 ,su* fai? 9 bl9d =ces ,nietzs*e reg>d$ m]ely z ! survival ( ! old ,*ri/ian belief 9 ! moral ord] ( ?+s1 fogg$ out 9 sci5tific app>el to suit mod]n ta/es4 ,he saw pla9ly1 t if man 7 to be elevat$ at all1 no bl9d /ruggle 9 8 pres5t conditions w\ld ev] effect t end2 = ! pres5t conditions !mselves make ^? ! fitte/ to survive 9 !m :o are p]sons ( absolutely undesirable gifts & prop5sities4 ,he decl>$ 7& "h we are 9 ! v he>t ( ,nietzs*eism7 t no?+ b a total *ange 9 ^! conditions1 a complete transvaluation ( all values1 w\ld ev] alt] man & make him m wor?y ( 8 pa/4 ,= x is values1 values1 & aga9 values1 t m\ld m51 & re> m51 & create m52 & ignoble values make ignoble m51 & noble values make noble m56 ,?us x 0 9 ! beg9n+1 is n[1 & ev] %all be1 tru? )\t end--= m54 ,nietzs*e realis$ all t c\ld /ill be made out ( man1 ?r\gh a fav\rable accumulation & augm5tation ( human p[]s & arrangem5ts2 he knew h[ unexhau/$ man /ill is = ! greate/ possibilities1 & h[ (t5 9 ! pa/ ! type man has /ood 9 my/]i\s & dang]\s crossways1 & has laun*$ =? ^u ! "r or ! wrong road1 impell$ m]ely by a :im1 or by a h9t f ! giant ,*ance4#af ,& n[1 he 0 det]m9$ t1 :e!r man wi%$ to li/5 or n1 at lea/ he %\ld be told ( ! ultimate disa/] t await$ him1 if he cont9u$ 9 8 pres5t direction4 ,=1 !re 0 yet "t6 ,x is to high] m5 t ,nietzs*e really makes 8 appeal1 ! lead]s & mislead]s ( ! mob4 ,he _h no conc]n ) ! multitude & !y did n ne$ him4 ,! _w _h se5 philosophies en\gh :i* _h advocat$ ! cause ( ! greate/ numb]--,engli% libr>ies 7 /ack$ ) su* works4 ,:at 0 requir$ 01 to conv]t ^? r>e m5 :o give ! direction--! heads ( ! v>i\s ?rongs--! vangu>d4 ,awake & li/51 ye lonely ones6 ,f ! future1 w9ds are com+ ) a g5tle beat+ ( w+s1 & !re come? good tid+s = f9e e>s4 ,ye lonely ones ( to-day1 ye :o /& ap>t1 ye %all "o day be a p3 f y1 :o h *os5 y\rselves1 a *os5 p %all arise & f x ,sup]man4#ag #a ,g4 ,e41 ,aph4 #bed1 #bee1 #bef4 #b ,see ,s*op5hau] on ,! ,vanity & ,suff]+ ( ,life4 #c ,z41 p4 #eb4 #d ,z41 pp4 #bjd1 #bje1 #bjf4 #e ,z41 pp4 #aib1 #aic4 #f ,see ,z41 p4 #ih et seq4 #g ,z41 p4 #ia4 #h ,g4 ,e41 p4 #bbf4 #i ,twilight ( ! ,idols1 ,"p #i1 ,aph4 #ad4 #aj ,z41 pp4 #acf1 #acg4 #aa ,g4 ,e41 p4 #bj4 #ab ,second ,essay1 ,aph4 #ab4 #ac ,! italics are m9e4--,a4 ,m4 ,l4 #ad ,z41 p4 #cea4 #ae ,z41 p4 #f4 #af ,g4 ,e41 p4 #acj4 #ag ,z41 p4 #hi4 99 99 99 99 99 ,*apt] ,v ,nietzs*e ! ,sociologi/ ,= ,nietzs*e1 z we are beg9n+ to see1 a fitt+ title is h>d to f9d4 ,unless we co9 new names = ?+s t h n yet be5 giv5 names1 ,nietzs*e rema9s )\t a title among 8 fell[ ?9k]s4 ,he has be5 call$ ! ar*-an>*i/1 :i* he is n2 he has be5 call$ ! prea*] ( brutality1 :i* he is n2 he has be5 call$ ! egoi/1 :i* he is n4 ,b all ^! titles 7 conf]r$ ^u him by p ^: int]e/ x 0 to r$uce him 9 ! public's e/eem4 ,if he mu/ be nam$1 h[ev]1 & we suppose he mu/1 ! be/ title w\ld obvi\sly be t :i* w\ld di/+ui% him mo/ exactly f 8 colleagues4 ,n[1 h[ does ,nietzs*e /& out f ! ranks ( almo/ all o!r philosoph]s8 ,by ! fact t he 0 ?r\gh\t 8 life an ,advocate ( ,high] ,man4 ,:]eas o!r philosoph]s & s*ol>s _h always ?\ght !y _h "s div9e message to imp>t 9 ! cause ( ! greate/ numb]2 ,nietzs*e--! typical m9] & und]m9]--believ$ t 8 mission 0 to /& = a neglect$ m9ority1 = high] m51 = ! gold 9 ! mass ( qu>tz4 ,no title !re=e c\ld be m fair1 & at ! same "t m ess5tially descriptive1 ?an ! ,advocate ( ,high] ,man1 & 9 giv+ ?is title to ,nietzs*e1 we imm$iately outl9e him aga9/ t assembly ( 8 colleagues :o 7 ,advocates ( ! ,greate/ ,numb]4 ,x is ( ! fir/ importance to humanity t its high] individuals %\ld be all[$ to atta9 _! full developm5t1 = only by means ( its h]oes c ! human race be l$ =w>d /ep by /ep to high] & ev] high] levels4 ,9 view ( ! fact t ,nietzs*e realis$ ?is1 "s ( 8 pr9ciples1 :5 giv5 g5]al application1 may v naturally appe> to be bo? iniquit\s & subv]sive1 & ^? :o read him ) ! idea t he is prea*+ a gospel = all are p]fectly ju/ifi$ if !y turn away 9 horror f 8 works4 ,! mi/ake !y make1 h[ev]1 is to suppose t he1 l mo/ o!r philosoph]s ) :om !y are famili>1 is an advocate ( ! greate/ numb]4 ,let u take a s+le in/ance4 ,9 ,! ,honey ,sacrifice#a ! phrase ,become :at ?\ art1 occurs4 ,n[ x is obvi\s t h[ev] legitimate ?is comm& may be :5 appli$ to ! highe/ & be/1 x becomes dang]\s & s$iti\s :5 appli$ to ea* individual ( ! mass ( mank9d4 ,& ?is expla9s ! numb] ( errors t are rife conc]n+ ,nietzs*e's gospel4 ,:5ev] ,nietzs*e spoke esot]ically1 8 enemies decl>$ t he 0 pron\nc+ maxims = ! greate/ numb]2 :5ev] he spoke = ! greate/ numb]1 z he does aga9 & aga9 9 8 allusions to ! m$iocre1 he 0 accus$ ( speak+ esot]ically4 ,h[ w\ld any o!r philosophy h f>$ "u su* misrepres5tation & calumny8 ,nietzs*e c\ld n believe 9 equality2 = )9 him ju/ice said m5 are n equal6 ,^? to :om x gives pleasure to ?9k t m5 are equal1 he conjures n to conf\nd pleasure ) tru?1 &1 l ,pr(essor ,huxley1 he f9ds himself oblig$ to recognise ! natural inequality ( m54 ,b1 f> f deplor+ ?is fact1 he w\ld fa9 h acc5tuat$ & int5sifi$ x4 ,?is inequality1 to ,nietzs*e1 is a condition to be exploit$ & to be made use ( by ! legislator4 ,! high] m5 ( a society 9 :i* gradations ( rank are recognis$ z a natural & desirable condition con/itute ! class 9 :i* ! hopes ( a real elevation ( humanity may be plac$4 ,! ,div9e ,manu1 ,laotse1 ,confucius1 ,muhammad1 ,jesus ,*ri/--all ^! m51 :o 9 _! sublime arrogance actually conv]t$ man into a mirror 9 :i* !y saw !mselves & _! doctr9es reflect$1 & :o 9 ?us conv]t+ man into a mirror really made him feel happy 9 ! function ( reflect+ alone3--^! lead]s are ! types ,nietzs*e ref]s to :5 he speaks ( high] m54 ,rul+1 l all o!r functions :i* require ! great to ju/ify !m1 has fall5 into disrepute1 ?anks to ! incompet5t amateurs t h tri$ _! h& at ! game4 ,z 9 ! ,f9e ,arts1 s 9 lead+ & rul+2 x is ! dilettantes t h brok5 our fai? 9 human p]=mances4 ,! really great rul] rea*es 8 z5i? 9 dom9at+ an epo*1 a p>ty1 a nation or ! _w1 to ! be/ advantage ( ea* ( ^!2 b x does n foll[ t ! motive p[] propell+ him %\ld necess>ily be ! consci\s pursuit ( ! be/ advantage ( ^? he rules1--?is is m]ely a =tuit\s circum/ance curi\sly associat$ ) greatness 9 rul+1--g5]ally speak+1 h[ev]1 8 only consci\s motive is ! gratification ( 8 inord9ate w to p[]4 ,! innoc5t fallacy ( democracy lies 9 suppos+ t by a m]e se>*1 by a m]e rummag+ & fumbl+ among a motley populace1 "o man or sev]al m5 c be f\nd1 :o are able to take ! place ( ! r>e & ideal rul]4 ,z if ! m]e fact ( se>*+ & rummag+ 7 n 9 itself a confession ( failure1--a confession t ?is man does n exi/6 ,= if he exi/$ he w\ld h ass]t$ himself6 he w\ld h ne$$ no democratic exploration p>ty to une>? him4 ,!re is no sor] mis=tune 9 all human de/9y1 ?an :5 ! p[]ful ( ! e>? are n at ! same "t ! fir/ m54 ,!n ev]y?+ become? false & w>p$ & mon/r\s4#b ,=1 my bre?r51 ! be/ %all rule3 ! be/ w rule6 ,& :]e ! tea*+ is diff]5t1 !re--! be/ is lack+4#c ,"h we obs]ve t ,nietzs*e advocat$ an ari/ocratic arrangem5t ( society4 ,a firm believ] 9 tradition1 law1 & ord]1 &1 9 spite ( 8 oppon5ts' accusations1 an undaunt$ enemy ( ,an>*y & laiss]-all]1 he saw 9 ,socialism & ,democracy no?+ m ?an two slave organisations = ! rais+ ( e individual to 8 highe/ p[]1 individuality made z g5]al z possible2 or1 9 o!r words1 ,socialism & ,democracy meant to ,nietzs*e ! annihilation ( all high] aims & hopes4 ,x meant valu+ all ! we$s & noble plants alike1 & ) su* a valuation1 ! noble plants1 be+ 9 ! m9ority1 mu/ necess>ily suff] & ultimately die out4 ,:]e ev]ybody is somebody1 nobody is anybody4 ,socialism1 i4e4 organis$ ,individualism1 seem$ to ,nietzs*e m]ely ! reflection 9 politics ( ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple t all m5 are alike be=e ,god4 ,grant immortality to e ,tom1 ,dick1 & ,h>ry1 &1 9 ! end1 e ,tom1 ,dick1 or ,h>ry w believe 9 equal rights be=e he c ev5 hope to rea* ,heav51 b to d5y ! privileges ( r>e m5 implies ! proscription f life ( all high trees ) broad br&ies1--^? broad br&ies t protect ! h]d f ! ra91 b :i* also keep ! sun f ! envi\s & ambiti\s %rub1--& ?us x w\ld mean t ! _w w\ld gradually assume ! appe>ance ( ^? va/ ,scot* moors ( gorse & hea!r1 :]e lib]alism & m$iocrity are rampant1 b :]e all l(t9ess is dead4 ,nietzs*e 0 a pr(\nd believ] 9 ! value ( tradition1 9 ! value ( g5]al discipl9e la/+ ov] long p]iods4 ,he knew t all t is great & la/+ & int5sely mov+ has be5 ! result ( ! law ( ca/es or ( ! laws gov]n+ ! individual memb]s ( a ca/e ?r\gh\t _m g5]ations4#d ,?is build+ up ( ! r>e man1 ( ! great man 7( ! cultivat$ type 9 a ,d>w9ian s5se7 z e sci5ti/ is aw>e1 is utt]ly fru/rat$ by any ?+ 9 ! way ( injudici\s & c>eless cross-bre$+ 7see ,d>w9 on ! deg5]ation ( ! cultivat$ types ( animals ?r\gh ! action ( promiscu\s bre$+71 by democratic msalliances ( all k9ds1 & by ! laiss] all] :i* is "o ( ! wor/ evils ( t k9d ( fre$om :i* t5ds to prevail :5 ! slaves ( a community h succe$$ 9 ass]t+ & express+ _! insignificant & mis]able little individualities4 ,believ+ all ?is1 ,nietzs*e c\ld n help b advocate ! re>+ ( a select & ari/ocratic ca/e1 & 9 none ( 8 exhortations is he m s9c]e ?an :5 he appeals to high] m5 to s[ ! se$s ( a nobility = ! future4 ,o my bre?r51 ,i consecrate y to be1 & %[ unto y ! way unto a n[ nobility4 ,ye %all become procreators & bre$]s & s[]s ( ! future4 ,v]ily1 ye %all n become a nobility "o might buy1 l %opkeep]s ) %opkeep]s' gold4 ,= all t ha? its fix$ price is ( little wor?4 ,n :5ce ye come be y\r hon\r 9 future1 b :i!r ye g6 ,y\r w1 & y\r foot t longe? to get beyond y\rselves1--be t y\r new hon\r6 ,y\r *ildr5's l& ye %all love 7be ?is y\r new nobility71 ! l& undiscov]$ 9 ! remote/ sea6 ,= x ,i bid y set sail & seek6#e ,e elevation ( ! type man1 says ,nietzs*e1 has hi!rto be5 ! "w ( an ari/ocratic society--& s w x always be--a society believ+ 9 a long scale ( gradations ( rank & diff]5ces ( wor? among human be+s1 & requir+ slav]y 9 "s =m or o!r4 ,)\t ! pa?os ( di/ance1 su* z gr[s out ( ! inc>nat$ diff]5ces ( classes1 out ( ! con/ant outlook+ & d[nlook+ ( ! rul+ ca/e on subord9ates & in/rum5ts1 & out ( _! equally con/ant practice ( obey+ & comm&+1 ( keep+ d[n & keep+ at a di/ance t o!r m my/]i\s pa?os c\ld nev] h aris51 ! long+ = an ev] new wid5+ di/ance )9 ! s\l itself1 ! =mation ( ev] high]1 r>]1 fur!r1 m ext5d$1 m compreh5sive /ates1 9 %ort1 j ! elevation ( ! type 'man1' ! cont9u$ 'self-surm\nt+ ( man1' to use a moral =mula 9 a sup]-moral s5se4#f ,i _c attempt to give a full acc\nt ( ! society ,nietzs*e w\ld fa9 h se5 e/abli%$ on e>?4 ,x w be f\nd exhau/ively describ$ 9 ,aph4 #eg ( ! ,anti*ri/3 :ile 9 ! book ( ,manu 7,max ,mll]'s ,sacr$ ,books ( ! ,ea/1 ,no4 #be71 simil> sociological prescriptions are to be f\nd1 correlat$ ) all ! impos+ ma*9]y ( div9e revelation1 sup]natural au?ority1 & religi\s e>ne/ness4 ,briefly1 ,nietzs*e says ?is3-- ,x is ridicul\s to pret5d to treat e "o )\t reg>d to ^? natural di/9ctions :i* are manife/$ by sup]ior intellectuality1 or exceptional muscul> /r5g?1 or m$iocrity ( spiritual & bodily p[]s1 or inf]iority ( bo?4 ,he tells u t x is n ! legislator1 b nature h]self1 :o e/abli%es ^! broad classes1 & to ignore !m :5 =m+ a society w\ld be j z fooli% z to ignore ! ord] ( rank among mat]ials & /ructural pr9ciples :5 build+ a monum5t4 ,?\gh ! base ( a pyramid does n require to be ( ! v f9e/ m>ble1 we "k x mu/ be bo? broad & massive4 ,nietzs*e decl>es t no society has any solid>ity :i* is n f\nd$ ^u a broad basis ( m$iocrity4 ,?\gh ! /ones get few] 9 ! lay]s z we asc5d to ! top ( ! pyramid1 we "k t _! gradation is necess>y if ! highe/ po9t is to be readi$4 ,nietzs*e believes 9 ! long scale ( gradations ( rank ) ! asc5d+ l9e lead+ always to ! highe/--ev5 if he be only a s+le individual4 ,?\gh ! v upp]mo/ po9t consi/s ( a s+le /one1 x is ar\nd t s+le /one t ! wea!r w rage mo/ furi\sly & ! sun %9e mo/ gorge\sly4 ,t s+le /one w be ! fir/ to cleave ! heavy %[]1 & ! fir/1 =1 to meet ! lightn+4 ,nietzs*e says3 ,life always becomes h>d] t[>ds ! summit1--! cold increases1 responsibility increases4#g ,saepius v5tis agitatur +5s p9us1 et celsae graviore casu decidunt turres1 f]iuntque summos fulgura montes4#h--;,,horace1 ,c>m4 ,,ii4 ,x4 ,?us he w\ld h ! intellectually sup]ior1 ^? :o c be> responsibility & endure h>d%ips1 at ! head4 ,b5ea? !m are ! w>riors1 ! physically /rong1 :o are ! gu>dians ( "r1 ! keep]s ( ord] & security1 ! k+ above all z ! highe/ =mula ( w>rior1 judge1 & keep] ( ! law4 ,! second 9 rank are ! executive ( ! mo/ intellectual4 ,& bel[ ?is ca/e are ! m$iocre4 ,h&icraft1 trade1 agriculture1 sci5ce1 ! great] "p ( art1 9 a ^w1 ! :ole compass ( bus9ess activity1 is exclusively compatible ) an av]age am\nt ( ability & pret5sion4 ,at ! v base ( ! social edifice1 ,nietzs*e sees ! class ( man :o ?rives be/ :5 he is well look$ aft] & closely obs]v$1--! man :o is happy to s]ve1 n because he mu/1 b because he is :at he is1--! man uncorrupt$ by political & religi\s lies conc]n+ equality1 lib]ty1 & frat]nity1--:o is half consci\s ( ! abyss :i* sep>ates him f 8 sup]iors1 & :o is happie/ :5 p]=m+ ^? acts :i* are n beyond 8 limitations4 ,he =e/alls ?is sket* ( 8 ideal society by enunciat+ ! moral code :]e) he w\ld transvalue our pres5t values1 & ,i %all n[ give ?is code )\t a s+le rem>k or comm5t1 feel+ q sure t ! read] :o has und]/ood ,nietzs*e s f> w n require any assi/ance 9 see+ t x is ! necess>y & logical outcome ( ! re/ ( 8 tea*+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:at is good8 ,all t increases ! feel+ ( p[]1 w to p[]1 p[] itself 9 man4 ,:at is bad8--,all t proce$s f weakness4 ,:at is happ9ess8--,! feel+ t p[] increases1 t resi/ance is ov]come4 ,n cont5t$ness1 b m p[]2 n peace at any price1 b w>f>e2 n virtue1 b capacity 7virtue 9 ! ,r5aissance /yle1 virt free f any moralic acid74#i 99 99 99 99 99 ,i _c well close ?is *apt] on ,nietzs*e's sociological views )\t t\*+ ^u two ( ! mo/ important elem5ts 9 mod]n society1 & 8 treatm5t ( !m4 ,i ref] to altruism & to pity4 ,i am m p>ticul>ly anxi\s to express myself cle>ly on ^! two po9ts1 inasmu* z ,i "k h[ _m errone\s op9ions are curr5t 9 reg>d to ,nietzs*e's attitude t[>ds !m4 ,9 all greg>i\s communities1 z is well kn[n1 altruism & pity h become v pot5t life-pres]v+ factors1 & x w\ld be h>d to f9d 9 ,europe to-day1 a city1 a t[n1 or a village1 9 :i* ^! two qualities are n consid]$ ! mo/ cr$itable ( virtues4 ,n[ ap>t f ! fact t ?is excessive praise ( compassion & selflessness is a sign ( slave values be+ 9 ! asc5dant1 we mu/ be> 9 m9d two ?+s3 7#a7 t "u our pres5t sy/em ( society1 9 :i* cruelties are p]petrat$ f> m brutal ?an any t c\ld be f\nd 9 antiquity1 a sort ( maudl9 s5tim5tality has aris5 among ! oppress+ classes1 :]eby !y attempt to c\nt]balance _! de$s ( oppression ) lavi% acts ( *>ity4 ,?is s5tim5tality is a sign t _! consci5ce is no long] clean = ! act ( oppress+2 because 9 _! he>t ( he>ts !y feel !mselves unwor?y ( be+ at ! top3 7#b7 t :]ev] two or ?ree human be+s collect toge!r1 a c]ta9 modicum ( altruism & compassion is a pr]equisite ( _! social unity4 ,dismiss+ obs]vation "o z ! m]e expression ( a regrettable fact :i* sc>cely requires sub/antiation1 & :i* is responsible = m ?an ?ree-qu>t]s ( ! anomalies t *>act]ise mod]n ,we/]n civilisation2 & pass+ ov] ! sugge/ion t ! excessive praise ( compassion & selflessness d5otes an asc5d5cy ( slave values 7= we h dealt ) ?is "q 9 ,*apt] ,,iii471 let u turn to ! m ab/ract proposition enunciat$ 9 obs]vation two & try to grasp ,nietzs*e's treatm5t ( x4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 let u und]/& t !re are two k9ds ( pity & selflessness1 j z !re are two k9ds ( g5]osity4 ,!re is ! pity1 ! selflessness & ! g5]osity :i* is prea*$ & prais$ z a virtue by him :o urg5tly requires !m because he is ill-con/itut$1 ne$y1 & hungry2 & !re is ! pity1 ! selflessness & ! g5]osity :i* sugge/s itself to ! man ov]fl[+ ) heal?1 tru/ 9 ! future1 & confid5ce 9 8 own p[]s4 ,to su* a man1 pity1 selflessness1 & g5]osity are a means ( dis*>g+ a c]ta9 pl5itude ( p[]1 & 9 8 case giv+ & be/[+ are natural functions4 ,9 ! fir/ in/ance1 ! ?ree virtues are prea*$ f a utilit>ian /&po9t :i* t5ds to increase an undesirable type2 9 ! second1 !y are ! sign ( ! exi/5ce ( a desirable type4 ,let u he> ,nietzs*e-- ,a man :o says3 ',i l t1 ,i take x = my own1 & mean to gu>d x & protect x f ev]yone'2 & ! man :o c conduct a case1 c>ry out a resolution1 rema9 true to an op9ion1 keep hold ( a woman1 puni% & ov]?r[ insol5ce2 a man :o has 8 indignation & 8 sword1 & to :om ! weak1 ! suff]+1 ! oppress$1 & ev5 ! animals will+ly submit & naturally belong2 9 %ort1 a man :o is a ma/] by nature--:5 su* a man has sympa?y1 well6 t sympa?y has value6 ,b ( :at acc\nt is ! sympa?y ( ^? :o suff]6 or ( ^? ev5 :o prea* sympa?y6 ,:]ev] we f9d any?+ ak9 to pity1 ev5 9 nature3 ! suckl+ ( ! "y1 ! ma9t5ance ( dep5dants 7! lion's attitude t[>ds ! jackal71 ! protection ( ! helpless "y 7z 9 _m fi% & mammals71 x is always ! sup]abundance ( ! giv] & 8 ,w to ,p[] :i* creates ! pitiful act4 ,b ! pity :i* mo/ ( u und]/& z a virtue 9 ,europe to-day1 is m]ely a sort ( sickly s5sitiv5ess & irritability t[>ds pa91 an effem9ate abs5ce ( control 9 ! pres5ce ( suff]+1 :i* has no?+ :atev] to d ) our p[]s ( alleviat+ ! mis]y we contemplate1 & :i* is only compatible ei!r ) excessive s5tim5tality or ) weak & ov]/ra9$ n]ves4 ,9 t case all x does is to add to ! mis]y ( ?is _w1 & to elevate to a virtue t :i* is p]haps "o ( ! sadde/ signs ( ! times4 ,x is !n indiscrim9ate1 ra%1 & %ort-sight$1 & gives rise to m evil ?an x tries to dispel4 ,ah1 :]e 9 ! _w h !re be5 great] follies ?an ) ! pitiful8 ,& :at 9 ! _w ha? caus$ m suff]+ ?an ! follies ( ! pitiful8 ,woe unto all lov+ ones :o h n an elevation :i* is above _! pity6#aj ,! legislator or ! lead] 7& x is to him1 rememb]1 t ,nietzs*e appeals71 is (t5 oblig$ to leave doz5s to die by ! wayside1 & has to d s ) a clean consci5ce4 ,if ! m>* he is organis+ requires c]ta9 sacrifices1 he mu/ be ready to make !m2 ! slavi% pity1 !n1 :i* w\ld sacrifice ! great] to ! less1 mu/ h be5 ov]come by him 9 8 own he>t41 & he mu/ h le>nt t h>dness :i* is wid] 9 its sympa?ies1 m presbyopic 9 its love1 & less imm$iate 9 its effect4 ,b he alone c feel l ?is :o has some?+ to give to ^? he leads1 i4e4 8 protection & guidance1 8 promise ( a bett] l&4 ,myself ,i w\ld sacrifice to my design1 & my neighb\r z well--su* is ! language ( creators4 ,all creators1 h[ev]1 are h>d4#aa ,n[ turn+ to ! "q ( egoism cru et v]t1 :i*1 accord+ to "s1 is ! v basis & core ( ,nietzs*eism1 :at are ! po9ts :i* /rike u mo/ 9 ,nietzs*e's /&po9t8 ,to beg9 )1 9 ?is "q1 z 9 all o!rs1 8 hone/y is p>am\nt1 & we become consci\s ( x ! mom5t we read 8 fir/ l9e on ! subject4 ,:]e ,nietzs*e discusses matt]s ( :i* o!rs are wont to speak ) heav+ brea/s1 florid language1 & te>ful voices1 he takes p>ticul> pa9s to be cle>1 concise1 calculat+ & cold--h5ce p]haps ! hatr$ he has provok$ 9 ^? :o dep5d = _! effect ^u ! impression ( b5evol5ce :i* _! wat]y eyes1 _! crack$1 good-natur$ voices1 & _! high-falut9' words make ^u a multitude4 ,nietzs*e puts 8 l+] on ! v c5tre ( ! "q ( egoism1 he simply says3 ,n e "o has ! "r to be an egoi/4 ,:]eas 9 "s egoism w\ld be a virtue1 9 o!rs x may be an insuff]able vice :i* %\ld be /amp$ out at all co/s4 ,9 :om !n is egoism a vice8 ,obvi\sly 9 him :o is physiologically bot*$1 bel[ m$iocrity 9 _s & body1 mean1 despicable1 & ev5 ugly4 ,egoism 9 su* a man means conc5trat+ c]ta9 int]e/s1 & n always ! lea/ valuable1 ^u ! promotion & enhancem5t ( an undesirable elem5t 9 society4 ,! egoism ( him :o is bel[ m$iocrity is a =m ( tyranny :i* leads to no?+1 save1 p]haps1 a ,heav5 :]e ! haute vole w consi/ ( ! :ole scum & dross ( humanity4 ,su* egoism leads humanity d[nw>ds3 x practically says3 ,i1 ! bungl$ & ! bot*$1 ,i ! poor 9 _s & body1 ,i ! mean1 despicable & ugly1 want my k9d to be all-important1 p>am\nt & on ! top--,i ! lea/ desirable wi% to prevail4 ,b ?is egoism w\ld mean humanity's ru91 x w\ld mean humanity's suicide & annihilation3 x w\ld c]ta9ly mean humanity's degradation4 ,:5 su* egoism says3 ,i w h all1 ! only dec5t retort is deafness4 ,:5 su* egoism says3 ,i h z mu* "r to live & fl\ri% z ! well-con/itut$1 ! sup]ior 9 _s & body1 ! beautiful & ! happy1 wisdom replies ) a %rill ( its %\ld]s4 ,& :5 su* egoism prea*es altruism--!n6 ,!n woe to all ^? :o are tempt$ to practise "o virtue m6 ,woe to humanity6 ,woe to ! :ole _w6 ,!re is1 on ! o!r h&1 a =m ( egoism1 :i* is bo? virtu\s & noble4 ,x is ! egoism ( him ^: multiplication w\ld make ! _w bett]1 m desirable1 happi]1 heal?i]1 sup]ior 9 _s & body4 ,egoism 9 su* a case is a moral duty2 :]ev]1 9 su* a case1 giv+1 be/[+--altruism 9 fact--is n compatible ) survival1 !n egoism becomes ! highe/ pr9ciple ( all1 & x is 9 su* circum/ances t altruism may become a vice4 ,n[ let u he> ,nietzs*e's own words3-- ,selfi%ness1 he says1 has z mu* value z ! physiological value ( him :o possesses x3 x may be v valuable or x may be vile & contemptible4 ,ea* individual may be look$ at ) respect to :e!r he repres5ts an asc5d+ or a desc5d+ l9e ( life4 ,:5 t is det]m9$1 we h a canon = det]m9+ ! value ( 8 selfi%ness4 ,if he repres5t ! asc5t 9 ! l9e ( life1 8 value is 9 fact v great--& on acc\nt ( ! collective life :i* 9 him makes a fur!r /ep1 ! conc]n ab\t 8 ma9t5ance1 ab\t provid+ 8 optimum ( conditions1 may ev5 be extreme444 ,if he repres5t desc5d+ developm5t1 decay1 *ronic deg5]ation1 or sick5+1 he has little wor?1 & ! greate/ fairness w\ld h him take away z little z possible f ! well-con/itut$4 ,he is !n no m ?an _! p>asite4#ab ,?is is all cle> en\gh2 b x is q conceivable t a misund]/&+ ( x might lead to ! mo/ p]v]t$ notions ( :at ,nietzs*e actually /ood =1 & :5 ,i he> p inveigh+ aga9/ ! s-call$ egoism ( 8 tea*+1 & decl>+ x poison\s on t acc\nt1 ,i (t5 wond] :e!r !y h really made any attempt at all to compreh5d ! above passage1 & :e!r !re is n p]haps some?+ wrong ) language itself1 t a ?\ght :i* to "s seems express$ s cle>ly & unmi/akably1 %\ld /ill prove confus+ & incompreh5sible to o!rs4 ,speak+ once m to high] m51 !n1 ,nietzs*e tells !m1 ) "s reason on 8 side1 t altruism may be _! greate/ dang]1 t altruism may be ev5 _! greate/ temptation1 t !re are times :5 !y mu/ avoid x z !y w\ld avoid a plague4 ,9 p]iods ( ge/ation1 :5 plans & dreams ( plans = ! elevation ( !mselves & _! fell[s are tak+ %ape 9 _! m9ds1 altruism may lure !m sideways1 x may make !m div]ge f _! pa?1 & x may make mank9d "o great ?\ght ! poor]4 ,9 ?is s5se1 & 9 ?is s5se alone1 does our au?or deprecate ! altrui/ic virtues2 b1 aga91 ,i v5ture to rem9d read]s t x is ! simple/ ?+ on e>? to awak5 suspicion aga9/ him by decl>+1 z "s h decl>$1 t 8 deprecation ( altruism applies to all4 ,no great] nons5se c\ld be talk$ ab\t ,nietzs*e ?an to say t he prea*$ univ]sal egoism4 ,univ]sal egoism z oppos$ to select egoism is beh9d all ! noisie/ movem5ts to-day--x is beh9d ,socialism1 ,democracy1 ,an>*y1 & ,nihilism--b x is n beh9d ,nietzs*eism1 & nobody :o reads him ) c>e c\ld ev] ?9k s4 ,) ^! obs]vations 9 m9d1 we c read ! foll[+ passages f ,?us ,spake ,z>a?u/ra )\t ei!r surprise or indignation2 inde$ we may ev5 le>n a new valuation f !m :i* w alt] our :ole outlook on life1 ?\gh no su* sudd5 revulsion ( feel+ ne$ necess>ily foll[ a /udy ( ,nietzs*e's doctr9e4 ,only :5 we h giv5 8 ?\ghts "t to become l9k$ up & co-ord9at$ 9 our m9ds are we likely to f9d t our view ( ! _w has become 9 ! lea/ decree trans=m$4 99 99 99 99 99 99 ,d ,i advise y to love y\r neighb\r8 lea!r d ,i advise y to flee f y\r neighb\r & to love ! mo/ remote4 ,high] ?an love to y\r neighb\r is love unto ! mo/ remote future man4 ,x is ! m remote 7y\r *ildr5 & y\r *ildr5's *ildr57 :o pay = y\r love unto y\r neighb\r4#ac ,y\r *ildr5's l& ye %all love 7be ?is love y\r new nobility671 ! l& undiscov]$ 9 ! remote/ sea6 ,= x ,i bid y\r sails seek & seek6 ,9 y\r *ildr5 ye %all make am5ds = be+ ! *ildr5 ( y\r fa!rs3 all ! pa/ %all ye ?us r$eem6 ,?is new table d ,i place ov] y6#ad #a ,z41 *ap4 lxi4 #b ,z41 p4 #bii4 #c ,z41 pp4 #bef1 #beg4 #d ,g4 ,e41 ,aph4 #ahh4 #e ,z41 pp4 #bdg1 #bdh4 #f ,g4 ,e41 p4 #bbc4 #g ,anti*ri/1 ,aph4 #eg4 #h ,! big p9e is m (t5 %ak5 by ! w9ds3 ! high] a t[]1 ! heavi] is ! fall !re(1 & x is ! tops ( ! m\nta9s t ! lightn+ /rikes4 #i ,anti*ri/1 ,aph4 #b4 #aj ,z41 pp4 #ajd1 #aje4 #aa ,z41 p4 #aje4 #ab ,! ,twilight ( ! ,idols1 ,p>4 #aj1 ,aph4 #cc4 #ac ,z41 pp4 #fi1 #gj4 #ad ,z41 p4 #bdh4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,summ>y ,,& ,,conclusion ,:5 we h done rubb+ our eyes & e>s at ! dazzl+ & />tl+ novelty ( all we h se5 & he>d1 let u ask ourselves calmly & dispassionately :at sort ( man ?is is :o has l$ u ?us f> into regions :i*1 f _! v unfamili>ity & exoticness1 may h seem$ to u bo? unpleasant & =bidd+4 ,?is is no "t = apologetics1 or = plead+ ext5uat+ circum/ances4 ,ev5 if ,nietzs*e's doctr9es h be5 pres5t$ 9 a =m too undilut$ to be invit+1 x w\ld sc>cely m5d matt]s1 n[1 to beg p>don fur !m2 & ,i h no int5tion ( do+ any?+ ( ! sort4 ,b ^! que/ions may be put )\t any fe> ( assum+ a p5it5tial attitude1 & ,i d n hesitate to put !m3 ,0 ! promise ( ,nietzs*e's life fulfill$8 ,did ! task he />t$ out )1 ! elevation ( ! type man1 receive 8 be/ /r5g?1 8 be/ endeav\rs1 8 s9c]e/ application8 ,h[ev] fundam5tally we may disagree ) 8 conclusions1 7 !y rea*$ by means ( an upright attempt at grappl+ ) ! problems8 ,to all ( ^? que/ions !re is b "o answ]1 & t answ] cle>s ,nietzs*e ( all ! sl&] & calumny to :i* he has be5 submitt$ = ! la/ ?irty ye>s4 ,h[ev] (t5 we may ?9k he has err$1 x is nons5se any long] to speak ( him z an an>*i/1 an advocate ( brutality1 a support] ( immorality 9 its wor/ mod]n s5se1 & a gu>dian sa9t ( savage passions4 ,if ,i h l$ any read]s to suspect t he 0 all ?is1 ,i c only entreat !m to turn z soon z possible to ! orig9al works !mselves1 & !re !y w f9d t x 0 ,i :o 0 wrong4 ,p]sonally ,i believe1 z ,hippolyte ,ta9e1 ,dr4 ,george ,br&es & ,wagn] believ$1 t ,nietzs*e's "w is great] ?an 8 own or ! next g5]ation c\ld ev] suspect4 ,que/ions su* z ,art1 ! future ( ,sci5ce1 & ! future ( ,religion1 :i* ,nietzs*e treats ) 8 cu/om>y skill1 ,i h be5 unable to f9d room =1 9 ?is "w4 ,b 9 ea* ( ^! dep>tm5ts1 ,i believe 7& 9 ?is belief ,i am by no means alone7 t ,nietzs*e's speculations may prove ( ! v highe/ value4 ,already 9 ,biology !re are signs t ,nietzs*e's conclusions are ga9+ gr\nd4 ,9 ,art1 z ,i hope to able to %[ else:]e1 8 doctr9es are likely to effect a salut>y revolution3 :ile1 9 ! dep>tm5ts ( hi/ory1 psy*ology1 jurisprud5ce & metaphysics1 speciali/s w d\btless arise :o w attempt to make innovations "u 8 lead]%ip4 ,= ! pres5t1 ?\gh ! outlook is bright] ?an x 01 ,nietzs*eism--t is to say3 free-spirit$ness1 intellectual brav]y2 ! ability to /& alone :5 e "o else has 8 arm l9k$ 9 some?+2 ! c\rage to face unpleasant1 fatal1 & disconc]t+ tru?s1--has n mu* hope ( v g5]al acceptance1 among ^? to :om x really ought to appeal4 ,calumny1 :i* _h a long />t1 has deaf5$ _m to ! cause & w cont9ue deaf5+ a l>g] numb] /ill1 until ! tru? is ultimately kn[n4 ,yet x is to be hop$ t read]s may le>n to be less satisfi$ ?an !y h be5 h]et(ore ) second-h& acc\nts ( :at ,nietzs*e /ood =1 & t v %ortly ev]ybody :o is int]e/$ 9 ! matt] w be able to reply to ! sl&]] ) facts cull$ f ,nietzs*e's life & works4 99 99 99 99 99 99 ,m9e enemies h gr[n /rong1 says ,z>a?u/ra1 & ,i h disfigur$ ! face ( my tea*+1 s t my de>e/ fri5ds h to blu% = ! gifts ,i gave !m4#a ,b l a w9d ,i %all "o day bl[ amid/ !m1 & take away _! brea? ) my _s2 ?us my future wille? x4 ,v]ily a /rong w9d is ,z>a?u/ra to all l[ l&s2 & 8 enemies & ev]y?+ t spitte? & spewe? he c\nselle? ) su* advice3 ,bew>e ( spitt+ aga9/ ! w9d4#b #a ,z41 pp4 #ie1 #if4 #b ,z41 p4 #aaf4 ,books ,useful to ! ,/ud5t ( ,nietzs*e ,,biographies3-- ,das ,leb5 ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e's1 by ,mrs4 ,fr/]-,nietzs*e4 ,er9n]ung5 an ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e1 by ,deuss54 ,nietzs*e1 se9 ,leb5 und se9 ,w]k1 by ,ra\l ,ri*t]4 ,,editions ,,( ,,works4 ,! complete works ( ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e4 ,edit$ by ,dr4 ,osc> ,levy4 7,! fir/ complete & au?oris$ ,engli% ,translation47 ,t4 ,n4 ,f\lis1 #ba ,pat]no/] ,squ>e4 ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e's ,w]ke4 ,libr>y ,edition #ae vols4----,pocket ,edition 7v good7 #aj vols4 ,,monographs4 ,bl>t1 ,nietzs*e's ,e?ik4 ------ ,nietzs*e's ,metaphysik4 ------ ,nietzs*e und ,ri*>d ,wagn]4 ,br&es1 ,g41 ,m5s*5 und ,w]ke4 ,common1 ,?os41 ,nietzs*e z ,critic4 ,f\ille1 ,a41 ,nietzs*e et l',immoralisme4 ,gaulti]1 ,j41 ,de ,kant ,nietzs*e4 ------ ,nietzs*e et la ,r=me philosophique4 ,k5n$y1 ,j4 ,m41 ,! ,qu9tess5ce ( ,nietzs*e4 ,li*t5b]g]1 ,h41 ,la ,philosophie de ,nietzs*e4 ,mgge1 ,nietzs*e ,8 ,life & ,works4 ,s]a1 ,leo1 ,on ! ,tracks ( ,life4 ,ti5es1 ,nietzs*e's ,/ellung zu d5 ,grundfrag5 d] ,e?ik g5etis* d>ge/ellt4 ,tille1 ,a41 ,von ,d>w9 bis ,nietzs*e4 ,zeitl]1 ,j41 ,nietzs*e's /hetik4 ,,nietzs*e',s ,,works3 ,au?oris$ ,v]sion3 edit$ by ,dr4 ,osc> ,levy4 ,?\ghts out ( ,season4 #b vols4 ,! ,bir? ( ,trag$y4 ,?us ,spake ,z>a?u/ra4 ,beyond ,good & ,evil4 ,! ,future ( our ,educational ,in/itutions4 ,human1 ,all too ,human4 ,vol4 i4 ,! ,w to ,p[]4 #b vols4 ,! ,g5ealogy ( ,morals4 ,! ,case aga9/ ,wagn]4 ,! ,joyful ,wisdom4 ,! ,dawn ( ,day4