,transcriber's ,note3 ,obvious printer  
errors have been corrected but  general 
stylistic inconsistencies have been left
 as is 7save for  standardising on 8per 
cent4074 ,asterisks are as they appeared
 in the  original3 possibly denoting    
items to check before printing4         
,pulp and ,paper ,magazine    ,a        
,semi-,monthly ,magazine ,devoted to the
 ,science and ,practice of the  ,pulp   
and ,paper ,manufacturing ,industry with
 an ,up-to-date ,review of  ,conditions 
in the ,allied ,trades4    ,official    
,journal of the ,technical ,section of  
the ,canadian ,pulp and  ,paper         
,association    ,published by ,the      
,industrial and ,educational ,press1    
,limited        #ce-de ,st4 ,alexander  
,street ,montreal4          ,phone ,main
 #bffb4      ,toronto ,office1 #bfc-bfe 
,adelaide ,st41 ,w4      ,phone ,main   
#fgfd4                         ,new     
,york ,office1 #bjf ,broadway4          
,published on the #ast and #aeth of each
 month4 ,changes in advertisements      

should be in ,publishers' hands ten days
 before date of issue4 ,the  editor     
cordially invites readers to submit     
articles of practical  interest which1  
on publication1 will be paid for4       
,,subscription to any address in ,canada
 and ,great ,britain1 #b4jj--,united    
,states #b4ej--;,foreign #c4ej4         
,single ,copies #bj;c4        ,,vol4    
,,xiii4          ,,montreal1 ,,october  
#ae1 #aiaf          ,no4 #bj            
,,pulp ,,and ,,paper ,,magazine ,,to    
,,be ,a ,,weekly      ,arrangements have
 now been completed for the turning of  
the ,pulp and  ,paper ,magazine into a  
weekly publication1 this forward step to
 be made  on the first of ,january1     
#aiag4    ,four years ago the present   
publishers of the ,pulp and ,paper      
,magazine  purchased that ,journal from 
the ,bigger  ,wilson ,company4 ,it was  
then a  small sized paper1 published    
once a month4 ,the first step taken by  
the  new publishers was to enlarge its  
size to the present dimensions and      

publish it twice a month4 ,now a second 
forward step has been taken and  the    
publication will shortly appear as a    
weekly4    ,no better evidence of the   
prosperity and progress made by the pulp
 and  paper industry can be given than  
that furnished by the ,pulp and ,paper  
,magazine4 ,it has grown in size1 in    
circulation1 in influence1 and in       
usefulness1 and today is the official   
organ of the technical section of  the  
,pulp and ,paper ,association1 and      
occupies a commanding place among  the  
,pulp and ,paper ,publications on the   
,continent4 ,under the leadership  of   
the ,pulp and ,paper ,magazine the      
,canadian ,pulp and ,paper ,association 
was formed1 the ,forest ,products       
,laboratory at ,mc,gill ,university     
created1 and the ,technical ,section of 
the ,pulp and ,paper ,association  made 
a possibility4    ,much of the success  
which has come to the ,pulp and ,paper  
,magazine must  be attributed to the two
 editors who have given it their best   

services1  namely ,mr4 ,a4 ,g4          
,mc,intyre and ,mr4 ,roy ,campbell4 ,as 
editors of the  ,pulp and ,paper        
,magazine1 they both have done much to  
further the best  interests of the      
industry1 and those associated with it4 
,arrangements have been completed       
whereby ,professor ,j4 ,newell          
,stephenson1 now head of the ,forestry  
,department of the ,university of       
,maine at ,orono1 will take over the    
editorship of the ,pulp and ,paper      
,magazine when it launches on its career
 as a weekly4 ,some facts  regarding the
 new editor appear elsewhere in this    
issue4          ,,the ,,price ,,of      
,,paper4      ,a somewhat serious crisis
 has arisen here in the relationship    
between  the newspaper publishers and   
the news print manufacturers4 ,a few    
days  ago a meeting of the ,canadian    
,press ,association was held in ,toronto
  at which the whole paper question was 
thoroughly discussed and a              
representative committee delegated to   

visit ,ottawa and register before  the  
,minister of ,finance their protests in 
regard to the shortage of  paper in     
,canada1 and the mounting prices of the 
same4 ,in ,ottawa they  were met by     
representatives of the ,pulp and ,paper 
,association1 and the  whole situation  
was carefully considered before the     
,minister and also  by the two          
organizations as separate bodies4       
,the newspaper men complained that they 
were unable to secure new  contracts for
 any length of time1 and that the prices
 asked for the  supplying of white paper
 were prohibitive and if paid would mean
 the  collapse of many newspapers4 ,they
 urged upon the ,government that an     
inquiry should be instituted into the   
cost of manufacturing news print  in    
,canada and1 following that1 such steps 
be taken by the ,government  as it      
should find necessary to safeguard the  
supply of news print for  ,canadian     
publishers4 ,the publishers suggested to
 the ,government that  either an embargo

 or export duty be placed on white paper
 or that the  ,government fix a maximum 
price above which manufacturers would   
not be  allowed to charge ,canadian     
publishers4    ,in refutation of the    
publishers' statements1 the news print  
manufacturers pointed out that the      
attack on the part of the  publishers   
had come without warning and that they  
had not consulted  or tried to negotiate
 with the news print manufacturers4     
,they further  pointed out that the cost
 of everything entering into the        
manufacture  of paper had advanced in   
price1 that old trade channels had been 
upset1  and that there was a great deal 
of uncertainty regarding the future     
cost of paper making materials4 ,the    
manufacturers agreed to call a  meeting 
of all their members and thoroughly     
discuss the matter and  later meet the  
publishers in a last effort to arrive at
 a satisfactory  solution4 ,it is       
understood that the manufacturers are   
asking an  increase of from #be to #cc  

over the figures now prevailing1 and if 
the publishers do not see their way     
clear to accept these terms the         
manufacturers will then ask for a       
,government inquiry into the cost  of   
paper making1 feeling satisfied that    
such an investigation would  vindicate  
them in the stand they have taken4      
,there is no doubt but that             
manufacturers of news print are being   
unjustly blamed for a condition of      
affairs over which they have no         
control4 ,they are not arbitrarily      
increasing the price of white paper4    
,everything entering into the           
manufacture of news print has advanced  
in price2 labor is scarce and commands  
higher wages2 dye stuffs have  advanced 
to almost unheard of prices2 in copper  
wire paper men are  competing against   
munition makers while a similar story   
can be told  in regard to every         
ingredient entering in their finished   
product4 ,in  addition to that a sudden 
and unprecedented demand resulting from 

improvement in business and a           
presidential election in the ,united    
,states has made the consumption of     
paper exceed production4 ,further1  the 
war has interfered with regular channels
 of trade and has shut-off  the whole of
 continental ,europe from the markets of
 the world with the  result that        
publishers who formerly depended on     
,europe have turned to  ,canada and the 
,united ,states in an effort to have    
their needs supplied4    ,the situation 
is undoubtedly embarrassing and may     
possibly work  hardships to some        
publishers1 but the whole of the world's
 business  fabric is confronted with    
extraordinary conditions4 ,it is as     
unreasonable to blame the manufacturers 
of news print for the advance  in the   
cost of white paper1 as it would be to  
blame the bridge builder  or the man who
 erects skyscrapers for advancing the   
price of steel4 ,in  the last analysis  
it is the war which is to blame4 ,the   
advance in the  cost of news print is   

not an arbitrary procedure1 but rather  
the result  of world conditions over    
which the paper makers have no control4 
,,the ,,gathering ,,in ,,new ,,york4    
,the over-worked words1 co-operation and
 service1 best describe the  spirit of  
the recent gathering held in ,new ,york1
 under the auspices of  the ,american   
,chemical ,society4 ,the affiliated     
organizations such as  the technical    
section of the ,pulp and ,paper         
,association met at the  same time1 and 
their deliberations were permeated with 
the same spirit  as characterized the   
chemical organization4    ,hundreds of  
the best chemical men on the continent1 
technical  experts from pulp and paper  
mills1 college men from all the great   
universities1 and others interested in  
the spread of technical and  chemical   
knowledge1 gathered in ,new ,york and   
gave their best4 ,men who  had          
experimented for years in the quiet of  
their own laboratories1  made public the
 results of their patient research work4

 ,technical  experts and college men    
vied with practical mill men in         
revealing the  things which they had    
found to be of benefit in the working   
out of the  manufacturing problems of   
the day4 ,there were no secrets1 the    
cards  were laid on the table1 and men  
who found a certain line of work1 or    
policy1 or experiments beneficial1      
frankly and freely made public the      
result of their findings4    ,the       
chemists felt that it was 8up to them0  
to make this continent  independent of  
,germany in chemical research4 ,the     
result of their two  years of effort    
were simply beyond belief2 even the     
chemists themselves  were surprised at  
the wonderful progress that had been    
made in  supplying dye-stuffs and other 
chemicals that were formerly obtained   
from ,germany4 ,if the war should       
continue another year1 this continent   
will be practically independent of the  
foreign dye-maker4    ,in much the same 
way1 satisfactory progress was made in  

connection with  the technical work of  
the ,pulp and ,paper ,association4 ,the 
papers read1  the discussions carried   
on1 and the conclusions reached1 marked 
further  progress in the work of the    
,association1 and made it more than ever
  apparent that the technical man is an 
increasingly important factor in  the   
modern paper mill4 ,a number of the     
papers read at the gathering  appear in 
this issue of the ,pulp and ,paper      
,magazine4          ,,production ,,and  
,,shipments4      ,the last weekly      
letter on production and shipment was   
sent out by the  ,news-,print           
,manufacturers ,association on ,october 
#gth4    ,the report from the ,western  
,territory for the week ending ,october 
#gth  shows production equivalent to    
#ajg4a1 and shipments equivalent to     
#ajc4h of maximum production capacity4  
,the report from the ,canadian          
,territory for the same week shows      
production equivalent to #ajj4a1 and    
shipments equivalent to #ig4b of        

maximum productive capacity4    ,a      
number of the mills have been running on
 other grades of papers1  and in the    
case of one large ,canadian mill1 low   
water has caused low  production4       
,there has been an increase in inventory
 during the week in question of  #dgf   
cents4 ,it will1 of course1 be          
understood that this increase is not    
surprising1 as it is impossible to      
maintain inventories at the same low    
figures reported last week4             
,new ,editor of ,pulp and ,paper        
,magazine      ,professor ,j4 ,newell   
,stephenson1 who is to assume the       
editorship of  ,the ,pulp and ,paper    
,magazine on the first of ,january1     
#aiag1 when it  changes from a          
bi-monthly to a weekly publication1 is  
at present head  of the paper making    
department in the ,university of ,maine1
 ,orono1 and  assistant professor of    
chemistry in the same university4 ,like 
so many  paper-makers from south of the 
,line1 ,mr4 ,stephenson realizes that   

the  future of the industry lies north  
of the #dith parallel1 and in casting   
in his lot with the ,pulp and ,paper    
,magazine1 he is but following a        
natural development4    ,illustration3  
,,prof4 ,j4 ,,newell ,,stephensen1 ,new 
,editor ,pulp and ,paper  ,magazine4    
,the new editor was born at ,new        
,rochelle1 ,n4,y41 and educated in the  
schools of that city and ,great         
,barrington1 ,mass4 ,after graduating   
from the high school1 he was employed as
 foreman in the ,stanley  ,instrument   
,company's ,watt ,meter ,factory4 ,later
 an opportunity to learn  paper-making  
presented itself and was taken advantage
 of by the subject  of this sketch4     
,encouraged by his employers1 the ,b4   
,d4 ,rising ,paper  ,company1 ,mr4      
,stephenson decided to go to college1   
and in #aije entered  the ,massachusetts
 ,institute of ,technology from which he
 graduated four  years later as a       
,chemical ,engineer4 ,the year following
 graduation was  spent at               

,lawrenceville1 ,n4,y41 as a teacher of 
drawing1 then came a  post in the       
,chemical ,engineering ,department of   
the ,rose ,polytechnical  ,institute of 
,terre ,haute1 ,indiana4 ,three years   
later the ,university  of ,maine        
established a ,pulp and ,paper ,course1 
and ,mr4 ,stephenson was  given charge  
of the ,paper-,making ,department4 ,two 
years ago he was made  assistant        
professor of chemistry4 ,while he has   
never been in actual  journalism1 ,mr4  
,stephenson was associate editor to his 
college paper1  and has done            
considerable writing for the various    
paper trade journals  in ,canada and the
 ,united ,states1 as a matter of fact1  
the work he did  in this connection1 led
 to his appointment as chairman on the  
,committee  on ,abstracts of the        
,technical ,committee of the ,american  
,pulp and ,paper  ,association4    ,mr4 
,stephenson takes up his duties on      
,january first4          ,,technical    
,,section ,,meeting ,,november #bdth4   

,the ,annual ,meeting of the ,technical 
,section of the ,canadian ,pulp and     
,paper ,association will be held in     
,montreal on ,friday1 ,november #bdth4  
,arrangements are being made for a most 
interesting meeting4 ,the  business to  
be considered is very important1 and    
there will be in  addition a programme  
of papers by experts which should be    
unusually  instructive and also should  
evoke good discussion4 ,dr4 ,j4 ,s4     
,bates1  ,chairman of the ,section has  
received assurance from ,mr4 ,ellwood   
,wilson1  ,forester to the ,laurentide  
,company1 of his being able to attend   
and  present a paper on 8,forestry in   
,connection with ,pulp ,mill            
,operation40  ,mr4 ,o4 ,f4 ,bryant of   
the ,forest ,products ,laboratories will
 discuss 8,pulp  ,wood ,measurements40  
,three other papers are expected        
concerning which  announcement will be  
made in the next issue of ,pulp and     
,paper ,magazine4    ,the original      
intention was to hold a two day meeting 

but the members of  the ,council feel   
that the extreme activity of pulp and   
paper mills at  the present time        
precludes the absence of technical men  
from the mills  for longer than one day4
    ,with the papers forthcoming it is  
expected that this will be one of the   
very best of the ,section meetings4     
,technical men are strongly urged to    
make preparations now to be in ,montreal
 for the occasion4          ,,chemical  
,,exposition4      ,that the ,third     
,national ,exposition of ,chemical      
,industries will be a  great success is 
already assured4 ,an additional third   
floor has already  been engaged1 and    
plans are being made to use the fourth  
floor4 ,in  addition it is hoped to have
 large sections showing the resources of
  the country awaiting development4     
,two prizes have been offered to the    
students of ,cooper ,union ,art         
,schools to draw up a poster seal for   
the next exposition4 ,the designs  for  
this purpose will be finished ,january  

#ast next year1 and prizes  awarded     
,february #ast4 ,all designs submitted  
and which the ,jury consider  fit1 will 
be exhibited during the next exposition4
           99       99       99       99
       99    ,among those interested in 
the pulp and paper lines1 who joined the
  ,entente delegation from ,ontario in  
visiting ,montreal1 ,three ,rivers and  
,quebec were ,w4 ,p4 ,gundy1 managing   
director of ,w4 ,j4 ,gage and ,co41 and 
,s4 ,j4 ,moore1 ,president of the ,f4   
,n4 ,burt ,co41 ,toronto4               
,,some ,,chemical ,,and ,,physical      
,,reactions ,,of ,,rosin ,,size         
,,solutions    ,paper read by ,j4 ,a4   
,de,c,e,w at the meeting of the         
,american ,chemical  ,society4      ,it 
is quite to be expected that in any     
class of chemical reactions  which occur
 under such varying conditions as those 
existing during the  precipitation of   
rosin size in paper mill practice1 there
 will be among  the various             
investigators a certain amount of       

disagreement regarding  the theoretical 
explanation of what actually takes      
place4 ,there is  also some confusion   
resulting from the termology which is   
commonly  used in describing sodium     
resinate compounds existing in rosin    
size1  as for example1 in the use of the
 phrase 8free rosin04 ,the purpose  of  
the following remarks is not to         
recapitulate the work of other          
investigators1 nor to criticize their   
conclusions1 but to submit a  short     
discussion of the effect upon the       
chemical reactions involved1 of  the    
various physical conditions in which the
 material may be used4    ,it is a well 
known fact that a rosin soap will easily
 dissolve an  equivalent amount of rosin
 to that which has been saponified1 and 
this extra rosin1 whether in solution in
 the size wax1 or whether in  suspension
 in a diluted solution1 is still called 
8free rosin0 in the  termology of the   
trade4 ,in order1 however1 to           
distinguish between the  various states 

in which the rosin might exist1 it      
should be divided  into three classes1  
consisting first1 of dissolved rosin1   
second1  colloidal rosin1 and third1    
rosin in suspension4 ,the reason for    
this is  that before the rosin soap can 
be used in the art of paper making it   
must first be brought into dilute       
aqueous solution4    ,if the soap should
 be readily soluble1 then dilution may  
take place  in cold water and           
consequently the diluting can be carried
 out within  the beater itself4 ,on the 
other hand1 if the rosin soap is not    
readily soluble in cold water1 owing to 
the fact that it contains a             
considerable quantity of dissolved      
rosin1 it is necessary to bring  it into
 a sufficiently dilute condition so that
 no further material  separation of     
rosin will take place when it comes in  
contact with the  paper stock4          
,obviously the difficulty of carrying   
out this operation  increases in        
proportion with the amount of extra     

rosin which is held in  solution in the 
rosin soap4    ,authorities disagree as 
to whether abietic acid is mono-basic or
  dibasic and it cannot be stated       
definitely whether rosin which is in    
complete solution in a rosin soap is    
there in the form of an acid  resinate1 
or whether it is merely dissolved rosin4
 ,it seems to the  writer that a fairly 
intelligible conception is obtained by  
assuming  that a sodium resinate        
containing rosin in solution1 is in fact
 an acid  resinate of the alkali metal  
and that from this solution insoluble   
acid  resinates of the heavy metals can 
be produced4    ,some interesting data  
on this subject is recorded by ,e4 ,o4  
,ellingson in  a paper before the       
,american ,chemical ,society1 #aiad1 the
 subject being  8,abietic acid and some 
of its salts40 ,in this investigation he
 shows  clearly that certain insoluble  
acid abietates were formed when a dilute
  aqueous solution of sodium abietate   
was added in small proportions to a     

dilute solution of a metallic salt4     
,the salts of ,chromium1 ,manganese1    
,nickel1 ,iron1 ,cadmium1 ,cobalt1      
,strontium1 ,copper1 all gave           
precipitates carrying an excess of      
abietic acid4 ,the one exception was the
 ,salt of ,aluminum1 which under        
exactly the same conditions produced a  
basic aluminum abietate4 ,from  this it 
is proven that a neutral sodium resinate
 solution when poured  into a dilute    
solution of sulphate of alumina1 will   
always produce a  precipitate of basic  
aluminum resinate4    ,on the other     
hand1 the investigations of ,naugebauer1
 republished in  ,paper ,,xi41 #aj-ag1  
shows that a neutral resinate when      
precipitated with  a considerable excess
 of sulphate of alumina1 will produce an
 acid  precipitate containing           
approximately #cc per cent4 of rosin    
excess1 and  with the maximum amount of 
alum the rosin acid in the precipitate  
does  not exceed #da per cent4    ,if we
 can accept the results of this         

investigator then it is evident  that   
insoluble acid resinates containing a   
limited amount of rosin  acids can be   
produced from a neutral sodium resinate 
by precipitation  with even an aluminum 
salt4    ,the results produced with     
sulphate of aluminum therefore1 will    
depend  largely upon the mass action of 
the materials1 chemical equilibrium     
being established in accordance with the
 relative amount and acidity of  the    
alum used4 ,in short1 if #ajj grs4 of   
rosin in the form of a neutral  resinate
 is precipitated with approximately #cc 
grs4 of alum1 we will  have as a result1
 a basic alum resinate4 ,if1 on the     
other hand1 it is  precipitated with    
#ccj grs4 of alum1 we would have an acid
 resinate  of alumina containing        
approximately #dj per cent4 of rosin    
acid4 ,with  less alum excess the amount
 of rosin acid in the precipitate will  
be  proportionately less4    ,if the    
basic aluminum resinates were a         
satisfactory water repellant  then the  

problem of paper sizing would be a very 
simple one1 and all  that would be      
necessary in practice would be to use   
the size and alum  in proper chemical   
equivalents4 ,all experience shows      
however1 that when  using a neutral     
resinate for sizing1 it is necessary to 
use a large  alum excess in order to    
obtain a sufficiently water repellant   
condition  in the paper4 ,the inference 
is that the insoluble acid resinates are
  essentially the agents which impart to
 the paper that resistance to  aqueous  
penetration called 8,sizing40           
,remington and his associates claim that
 resinate of alumina only1 is  formed   
when a neutral sodium resinate is       
precipitated with alum1 even  if the    
alum is used in excess1 but that it is  
decomposed by extraction  with alcohol  
and that this fact leads others to      
believe that a portion  of the rosin is 
uncombined4 ,these investigators publish
 the result of  #ej tests for sizing    
paper1 from which they draw their       

conclusions1  but it would seem that    
their methods of making the tests were  
quite  inefficient1 inasmuch as they    
used not less than #e per cent4 of      
rosin1  and as high as #ab per cent4    
without always getting sizing results4  
,now1  in mill practice1 a very poor    
size should give results with #c per    
cent4  of rosin1 while an efficient size
 should produce a very hard-sized  paper
 with an equivalent amount4 ,it would   
seem unwise to form any fixed           
conclusion from tests which gave such   
unsatisfactory results4    ,other       
investigators such as1 ,emil ,meuser and
 ,naugebauer1 7,paper1 ,june  #beth1    
#aiac71 and also ,otto ,kress           
,struthers 7,paper ,april #afth1 #aiac71
  have demonstrated by exhaustive tests 
that rosin acids are liberated  from a  
neutral resinate when alum is used in   
excess and that the amount  of these    
rosin acids may be from #cc per cent4 to
 #da per cent4 of the  total rosin1     
depending upon the alum excess used4    

,if an acid resinate of alumina         
containing #dj parts of rosin acids1 can
  be produced from #ajj parts of neutral
 resinate of soda and #ccj parts of     
sulphate of alumina1 then #bj parts of  
alum will be required to produce  the   
same results from an acid resinate of   
soda1 containing #dj per cent4  of rosin
 acids1 or with #bjj parts of alum one  
can produce from this an  aluminum      
resinate with #fd per cent4 of rosin    
acid4    ,these highly acid resinates   
are found to be very colloidal in       
character  and have great capacity for  
distribution within the paper pulp4     
,they  also show considerable resistance
 to dehydration and are thus able to    
retain their plastic character while the
 paper is being dried4 ,such  are the   
properties that these highly acid       
resinates seem to possess in  addition  
to their water repellant                
characteristics4    ,it has been        
demonstrated in paper mill tests that   
the rosin acids alone  are thrown out of

 solution from a rosin soap by means of 
acid1 can also  produce sizing results  
providing that the rosin acids          
precipitated  have a similar colloidal  
character to the aluminum precipitate4  
,the  practical difficulty1 however1 of 
obtaining colloidal precipitates when   
using acid1 makes this practice a very  
uncertain one1 for it would  be only    
under very favorable circumstances that 
this practice could  be carried out with
 success4 ,the same difficulty is       
experienced when  other metallic salts1 
7e4g417 the salts of iron or calcium1   
are used to  replace the aluminum       
sulphate1 for the precipitates from     
these are much  more dense and granular 
than those derived from aluminum4    ,it
 would seem therefore that the real     
necessity for the use of sulphate  of   
alumina for precipitating the rosin is  
not so much the necessity  for forming  
acid aluminum resinates1 but the fact   
that the rosin  precipitated in this way
 has a more colloidal character1 than   

that  thrown out of solution by other   
coagulants1 and consequently will  have 
greater covering power and efficiency as
 a water repellant4 ,this  explanation  
is opposed to the theory that rosin     
acids in the form of  emulsion or       
suspensions are efficient sizing agents1
 for it is obvious  that visible        
floating rosin has lost its colloidal   
character and its  covering power4      
,the fact is that the so called free    
rosin emulsions1 when properly  made1   
contain but a very small amount of rosin
 acid in the emulsified  form1          
practically all of it remaining in      
solution in the dilute soap4  ,the art  
of preparing good rosin size emulsions  
7using the term as  generally           
understood7 is therefore the ability to 
dilute a solution of  rosin acids1      
without the actual liberation of rosin  
in the emulsified  form4 ,the difficulty
 in doing this will explain the erratic 
results  obtained by ,remington and     
other investigators when endeavoring to 

determine the effect of rosin size      
containing dissolved rosin4    ,the     
laboratory difficulties involved are    
shown by an article by ,otto  ,kress and
 ,r4 ,t4 ,struthers1 published in       
,paper1 ,april #aiac4 ,their  results   
show that from a rosin saponified with  
#ae of sodium carbonate1  over #ih was  
obtained by them in hot dilute aqueous  
solution1 and  that from a rosin        
saponified with #aj of sodium carbonate1
 only #ej4f  was brought into actual    
solution in hot water4 ,it is quite     
possible  however1 to dilute such a     
rosin soap holding in solution about #de
  of rosin acids1 to an aqueous solution
 of #b solids1 without having  any of   
the rosin become insoluble4 ,in this    
condition all of the rosin  acids can   
enter into chemical reactions with other
 solutions and will  precipitate from   
solution in a very bulky colloidal mass4
    ,between the extremes of physical   
condition just described1 there are  a  
great number of intermediate stages4    

,the rosin acids may be partly          
liberated by dilution in the form of    
small visible floating particles  and   
coarse granular masses and a part may be
 in a state of colloidal  solution4 ,it 
is safe to say that all rosin particles 
which are  sufficiently coarse to be    
classed as suspensions1 have lost the   
greater  part of their sizing value4    
,that portion of the rosin acids which  
is in  colloidal solution is still      
effective for sizing purposes because it
  has the property of becoming fixed    
upon the fibres by absorption4 ,this    
action can only take place1 however1    
when the paper stock is free from  such 
electrolytes as may discharge the       
colloid before it reaches the  fibre4   
,dilute acid resinate solutions may     
contain variable proportions  of        
dissolved acid resinates1 colloidal     
rosin1 and rosin suspensions1  and the  
relative proportion of these is what    
determines the basis of  its            
waterproofing possibilities4 ,assuming  

that the sizing value of  these         
solutions varies directly with the      
amount of rosin acids that are  in true 
and colloidal solution1 we have a       
measure of efficiency which  checks very
 closely with actual mill results4      
,the maximum amount of rosin acids that 
can be held in stable solution  in a    
diluted rosin soap of from #a to #b1    
total solids1 is about #ej  of the total
 rosin content4 ,in such a solution     
there is always a  slight tendency      
towards hydrolysis which increases with 
the amount of  dilution1 but the fact   
that these solutions when once prepared 
can be  then boiled without             
decomposition1 shows that the solutions 
are fairly  well stabilized and also    
that there can be very little rosin then
  present in the colloidal form4    ,the
 conclusions which it is desired to     
submit as offering a  satisfactory      
explanation of practically all the      
phenomena in connection  with sizing    
paper with rosin is as follows3--       

7#a74 ,that the rosin acids which are   
precipitated from dilute solution  by   
means of a coagulant which will deposit 
the rosin in a colloidal  mass1 is the  
material which when properly            
incorporated into the paper  stock and  
dried therein1 produces the water       
resistant characteristic  known as      
sizing4    7#b74 ,that the results      
obtained from a given quantity of       
material are  largely dependent upon the
 character of the rosin colloid and its 
treatment during the process of         
manufacturing the paper4    7#c74 ,this 
product can be obtained in limited      
quantity from a neutral  resinate1 by   
the use of large excess of alum1 or it  
may be obtained in  large proportions   
from an acid resinate and a relatively  
less excess  of alum4 ,the maximum      
obtained from a neutral resinate being  
about #dj  of the total rosin1 and from 
an acid resinate about #gj of the total 
rosin1 when a sulphate of alumina       
containing no free acid is used4        

,american ,newspaper ,publishers'       
,association    ,committee on ,paper4   
,mr4 ,a4 ,g4 ,mc,intyre1 of ,toronto1   
has been appointed ,manager of the      
,committee on ,paper of the ,american   
,newspaper ,publishers' ,association4   
,his varied experience in paper and     
associated lines well qualifies him  to 
handle the paper situation at the       
present critical time4    ,mr4          
,mc,intyre has been both ,engineer and  
,manager of some of the most  successful
 paper companies in ,canada1 during     
which time he has designed  and built a 
number of mills1 together with having   
managed and operated  same as well4     
,illustration3 ,a4 ,g4 ,mc,i,n,t,y,r,e4 
,he has been associated with the        
following companies3    ,jonquiere ,pulp
 ,company4    ,price ,bros4  ,company1  
,limited4    ,bathurst ,lumber ,company1
 ,limited4    ,mattagami ,pulp and      
,paper ,company1 ,limited4    ,he also  
became ,editor of the ,pulp and ,paper  
,magazine1 when this  magazine was      

purchased by the present owners1 the    
,industrial   ,educational ,press1 and  
acted in this capacity for a year after 
its  re-organization4    ,he was also   
,superintendent and ,organizer of the   
,forests ,products  ,laboratories of    
,canada1 under the ,dominion            
,government1 located in  ,montreal1     
where a large technical staff are       
engaged in working on paper  making     
problems4    ,mr4 ,mc,intyre was also   
,organizer and first                    
,secretary-,treasurer of the  ,canadian 
,pulp and ,paper ,association1 and      
leaves the position of ,general         
,manager of the ,mattagami ,pulp and    
,paper ,company1 ,limited1 ,toronto1 to 
take up this work4    ,his experience   
has been a unique combination of paper  
mill engineering1  paper mill executive1
 publishing1 ,government expert work and
  association work4    ,the office of   
the ,committee on ,paper will be located
 in the ,world  ,building1 ,new ,york   
,city4    ,mr4 ,mc,intyre has made the  

following statement1 in connection with 
taking up this work3        8,i have    
accepted this work of the ,paper        
,committee1 with the      idea that     
something can be done to alleviate the  
present      serious condition for the  
consumers of newsprint paper4           
8,everyone knows there is a serious     
shortage in production      over the    
demand2 at the same time1 much can be   
done by both      manufacturers and     
consumers to adjust their business to   
the      present conditions4            
8,consumers must practise rigid         
economies1 making all papers            
non-returnable2 eliminating press room  
wastes and all avoidable                
consumption of paper4 ,if this does not 
bring the consumption      within the   
production1 sufficient new mills must be
 constructed      to take care of the   
normal consumption with the normal      
increase1 as there is only very little  
new tonnage proposed1      which will   
come on the market by #aiah4            

8,manufacturers must turn aside from    
export business1 taking      care of old
 and permanent customers2 should run    
mills at the      fullest possible      
capacity1 and at a reasonable margin of 
profit4        8,it has been distinctly 
understood with me before taking      up
 this work1 that the basis of relief    
will be mutual      understanding and   
information between manufacturer and    
consumer1 with sufficient increased     
tonnage provided1 either      by the    
present manufacturers1 or by a few of   
the consumers1      to protect the      
members of the ,american ,newspaper     
,publishers'      ,association in their 
supply of print paper40                 
,,market ,,values ,,of ,,paper ,,stocks4
      ,the present unprecedented        
situation in the paper industry has     
fomented  considerable speculative      
enthusiasm in ,canadian paper and pulp  
stocks4  ,trading in these issues on the
 ,montreal and ,toronto stock exchanges 
has increased very materially1 and      

prices are way up from the low of  the  
year4 ,canada produces half as much     
newsprint as the ,united ,states1  and  
she is increasing her capacity at a much
 faster rate than ,american  mills4     
,the following table shows the extent of
 the advance this year in a  number of  
prominent pulp and paper stocks listed  
on the ,montreal and  ,toronto          
exchanges3                              
,present        ,low      ,advance      
price        #aiaf        ,laurentide   
,paper           #aih        #agf       
#bb      ,wayagamack                    
#gd         #bg      #dg      ,riordon  
,pulp  ,paper        #ii         #eh    
#da      ,price ,brothers               
#ie         #fj      #ce      ,spanish  
,river com4          #ae         #c     
#ab      ,spanish pfd4                  
#dd         #bi      #ae      ,toronto  
,paper               #ee         #db    
#ac           99       99       99      
99       99    ,the ,conservation       
,commission calls the attention of      

,canada to  experiments showing that    
jack pine is well suited for making     
kraft  paper4 ,it will grow on poor land
 and is largely used in the ,west for   
fuel4          ,why ,paper is ,dearer   
,in a letter to the members of the      
,news-,print ,manufacturers ,association
  ,mr4 ,g4 ,f4 ,steele ably refutes the 
charge that the recent advance in the   
price of paper were arbitrary measures4 
,the writer was unavoidably absent from 
,new ,york when the monthly report  of  
production and shipments for the month  
of ,august was sent out from  this      
office on ,september #aith4    ,you have
 doubtless observed the decreased       
production in ,august as  compared with 
the month of ,july4 ,this was largely   
caused by the  difficulties encountered 
by one of the large ,canadian mills by a
  terrible forest fire1 which decreased 
operations for several weeks4 ,it  will 
doubtless occur1 however1 to every one  
of our members that due to  the terrific
 pressure which has been placed on the  

operation of the  mills during the past 
eight months1 that it is a great wonder 
that  production keeps up to the present
 high point4 ,machines are running  at a
 much greater speed then they were ever 
expected to run1 and  ordinary shut     
downs for repairs and replacements have 
not been made  this summer4 ,it is      
usually the custom for most news-print  
mills to shut  down at the end of the   
summer before freezing weather occurs1  
to run  their screening and tailings    
into wrappers4 ,i do not know of a      
single  mill which has indulged in this 
desirable practice this year1 and in    
order to get a supply of wrappers for   
the coming six months it may be         
necessary for some mills to stop making 
news-print paper temporarily  and run   
out their wrapper stock4    ,during the 
months of ,june1 ,july and ,august in   
normal years production  drops down     
materially1 and stocks are accumulated  
for the great ,fall  demand4 ,during the
 months of ,june1 ,july and ,august of  

this year1  instead of accumulating     
increased stocks1 you doubtless have    
observed  from the statement submitted  
to you that total stocks at hand at  all
 points1 including stocks on hand at    
mills1 in transit1 and at  destination  
points1 decreased #g1caf tons or #aj4f  
per cent44 ,it was  thought by those who
 are best posted in the industry that   
stocks  were at danger point on ,june   
#ast1 and that unless these stocks could
  be replenished there would be grave   
danger of the necessity of some  papers 
suspending publication temporarily      
because of the inability of  the mills  
to get paper to them in time for their  
requirements during  the coming ,fall   
and ,winter4 ,during the three months of
 ,june #ast to  ,september #ast1 #aiae1 
storage stocks increased as much as they
 have  declined this year4    ,during   
the past few weeks the newspapers have  
been full of violent  outcries1 uttered 
by publishers1 regarding the high price 
of news-print  paper4 ,there have come  

to my desk during a period of two weeks 
over  #a1ejj radical and abusive        
articles1 making all sorts of baseless  
and  unfounded charges against the      
manufacture of news-print paper4 ,it is 
quite evident that these newspaper      
publishers are more scared than hurt  up
 to this time1 for owing to the peculiar
 nature of this business  and the fact  
that the great bulk of the business is  
contracted for  the calendar year in the
 fall months of the preceding year1 it  
is the  belief of those who are best    
posted in the industry that on the      
average  the price of roll news-print   
paper which is sold on contract has not 
advanced up to this time more than #e or
 #b4jj per ton4 ,many newspapers  have  
taken advantage of the situation to     
raise subscription prices and  to raise 
their advertising rates1 when these same
 papers are paying no  higher price for 
their supply of news-print paper than   
they were paying  a year ago4    ,so    
much has been said about the price of   

news-print paper1 and so  little has    
been said about the rise in price of    
other commodities1 that  ,i have        
endeavored to make up a list gleaned    
from responsible commercial             
publications regarding the rise in other
 commodities4    ,just as soon as the   
price of news-print paper advances1 no  
matter how  little1 the newspaper       
publishers promptly outdo the ,prophet  
,jeremiah  with their lamentations and  
demand an immediate investigation on the
  part of the government4 ,we do not see
 the same demand when the prices  of    
other commodities advance4    ,the      
selling price of the raw materials      
entering into the manufacture  of       
news-print paper has increased to a very
 remarkable extent during  the past     
year4 ,many mills now making news-print 
paper are paying a  very much enhanced  
price for the cost of raw materials     
which they  have to purchase4 ,other    
mills purchasing the chemical and ground
 wood  pulps entering into the          

manufacture of their products are       
operating  on old contracts which expire
 with the calendar year4 ,there is every
  indication at the present time that   
the price of these two commodities      
after ,january #ast1 #aiag will be      
practically double the price which      
ruled a year ago1 and perhaps in the    
case of chemical pulp three or  four    
times the price which ruled a year ago4 
,the mills which are forced  to make    
news-print paper from these high priced 
raw materials will  necessarily have to 
charge what would seem like an          
inordinate price to  operate at a       
profit4    ,consider1 for example1 a    
paper mill which is dependent on the    
market  for its supply of raw material4 
,sulphite pulp1 of which news-print     
paper contains approximately #be1 is now
 selling around #ajj4jj at the  sulphite
 mills and the mill which converts it   
into news-print paper  will pay #be4jj  
per ton of paper for this item4 ,ground 
wood1 which  constitutes #ge of         

news-print paper1 is selling at #cj4jj  
per ton  ,f4,o4,b4 ground wood mill1 and
 the converting mill pays #bb4ej per ton
 of  paper for this4 ,as it takes       
approximately #aaj pounds of pulp to    
make  #ajj pounds of paper1 this brings 
the total cost per ton to #eb4be for    
the raw materials alone4 ,add to this a 
freight rate of #ab;c per hundred       
pounds for pulp1 #dj dry1 and the cost  
per ton of raw material comes  to       
#eh4he4 ,add to this the manufacturing  
costs which1 according to the  ,tariff  
,board figures in #aiaa amounted to     
#aj4ad in the ,united ,states1  and a   
larger figure in ,canada4 ,these costs  
have easily increased #ej  since #aiaa1 
which makes a total cost of the paper   
#gd4jf per ton4    ,the majority of     
paper mills make one or both grades of  
pulp1 in which  case increased          
expenditure is dependent on the         
increased cost of  pulpwood1 coal1      
labor1 machine clothing1 repair         
materials1 chemicals1  etc41 but the    

mills dependent on the market for raw   
materials have to  obtain large prices  
to operate at a profit4    ,in the year 
#aiad1 the average price of news-print  
paper was  approximately #b4jj per      
hundred pounds ,f4,o4,b4 cars at mill4  
,the largest  producer of news-print    
paper in the world1 is now charging for 
renewal  of contracts #c4jj per hundred 
pounds ,f4,o4,b4 mill or an increase  of
 #ej4 ,compare this increase with the   
increases in the following  commodities1
 taken from such authorities as3        
,r4 ,g4 ,dun  ,co4--8,,weekly ,,review04
        8,,the ,,annalist04             
,,bradstreet',s4        ,u4,s4 ,market  
,statistics 7,as quoted by the 8,n4,y4  
,,sun047        ,monthly ,summary of    
,u4,s4 ,commerce4    ,then follows a    
long list of articles in daily use which
 have advanced  from #be to #dfg per    
cent4 showing that the advance in the   
cost of paper  is not an isolated case4 
,the cost of living index accordingly to
 the  ,new ,york ,annalist increased    

from ,september #aiae to ,september     
#aiaf from  #ace to #ahe1 an increase of
 over #cg per cent41 and the market     
value of  securities listed on the ,new 
,york ,stock ,exchange increased from   
,july  #cjth1 #aiad to ,september #aiaf1
 deducting value of new editions1 by    
over  #c1jjj1jjj1jjj4jj1 a net increase 
of #cc per cent4    ,according to       
,bradstreet's1 out of #ajf commodities  
which their index  table embraces1 all  
but #ag advanced in price between       
,september #ast1  #aiae and ,september  
#ast1 #aiaf1 representing for the entire
 groups an  average increase of over    
#af4 ,according to ,dun's last review1  
out of  #cbh commodities quoted1 #db    
showed advances in price over the       
previous  week1 while but #be showed    
decreases4    ,there is another matter  
to be considered4 ,during #aiae there   
was a  decided increase in the price of 
practically every commodity1 except     
paper4 ,the ,journal of ,commerce quotes
 from the ,united ,states figures as    

follows3    8,wholesale prices of       
commodities in the ,united ,states      
averaged  considerably higher in #aiae  
than in the preceding year1 according to
  ,bulletin #bjj of the ,bureau of      
,labor ,statistics of the ,united       
,states  ,department of ,labor4         
999999,the ,bureau's weighted index     
number for ,december  7#aiae7 stood at  
#aje1 the highest point reached in any  
year since the  collection of data for  
the present series of reports on        
,wholesale  ,prices1 dating back to     
#ahij1 was begun4    8,violent          
fluctuations were recorded during #aiae 
in the prices of all  commodities1      
particularly drugs and chemicals and    
metal products4 999999,in  the fuel and 
lighting group999999 in ,august the     
prices again advanced  7after a ,spring 
slump7 the increase continuing for the  
rest of the  year4 999999,articles      
belonging to the food group were in the 
aggregate  highest in price in ,december
 and lowest in ,september4 ,the increase

  between ,january and ,december in this
 group was nearly #d40 ,the paper       
market1 however1 remained unchanged4    
,in other words1 the price of other     
commodities advanced rapidly during  the
 year #aiae1 while the price of         
news-print paper was stationary1 and  at
 the present time the advanced selling  
price of news-print paper does  not     
compare unfavorably with the high cost  
of living as evidenced by  practically  
all other staple commodities4           
,,coming ,,to ,,canada4      ,the       
,bryant ,paper ,company1 of ,kalamazoo1 
is planning the construction  of a pulp 
mill in ,canada1 involving the          
expenditure of approximately            
#a1ejj1jjj4 ,the company is now one of  
the largest book paper  manufacturers in
 the ,united ,states1 its daily output  
being #bjj tons4  ,it operates ten      
machines at present1 but has prepared   
plans and  specifications for the       
addition of two more machines1 each #aed
 inches  in width4          ,suggestions

 as to ,purchase of ,pulp ,wood         
,messrs4 ,c4 ,p4 ,winslow and ,r4       
,thelan of ,madison ,wis4 gave a very   
interesting paper on the consumption of 
,pulpwood and the best method of        
purchasing it4 ,a summary follows3--    
,the annual consumption of pulpwood in  
the ,united ,states amounts to          
approximately #d1cjj1jjj cords1         
representing an expenditure in the      
neighborhood of #cf1jjj1jjj per year by 
approximately #bej companies4  ,from    
these figures it is apparent that the   
question of proper pulpwood             
specifications is of wide importance4   
,while the value of pulpwood is         
dependent basically upon the tons of dry
  pulp that can be produced from a given
 number of dry tons of wood1 the  great 
quantity of the wood is bought and sold 
either on the basis of an  estimated and
 variable volume of wood in an assumed  
space1 or on the  theoretical quantity  
or volume of lumber which can be cut4   
,thus1 with  dry weight as the real and 

final measure1 we find substituted for  
it a  variable and indefinite volume1   
and the result in the long run is fair  
to neither seller nor purchaser4        
,while by far the greater proportion of 
pulpwood is purchased as  cordwood or by
 log scale1 it must not be overlooked   
that the use of  sawmill waste is       
steadily increasing1 and amounts to     
approximately #g4g  per cent4 of the    
total4 ,it is manifestly impossible to  
apply the log  scale to the measurement 
of such material4    ,while it is       
entirely evident that a completely      
satisfactory basis  of specification    
cannot be secured with a unit of measure
 based on  volume1 it is equally        
apparent that such unit of measure must 
continue  to be used very largely for   
this purpose4 ,it is desirable1         
therefore1  where perfection cannot be  
had1 to compromise on the issue1 and    
some  suggestions along this line are as
 follows3    #a4 ,an enumeration of the 
basic and fundamental principles which  

must  underlie any correct system of    
specification should show clearly the   
relation of yield of pulp to the dry    
weight of specific gravity of the  wood 
and the relation and probable variation 
of this dry weight in a  given volume4  
#b4 ,for the conditions where the cord  
will continue to be used as the  unit of
 measure1 the formulation of definite   
specifications to the end  that this    
unit of measure may come to represent an
 approximately fixed  volume of solid   
wood4    #c4 ,a study of the relation of
 actual cubic contents of logs of       
varying  sizes to the board foot        
measure1 as determined by the various   
log  scales used in the purchase of     
pulpwood4    #d4 ,a study into all      
phases of the question of supplying     
pulpwood in the  form of baled chips as 
the source of supply4 ,such a study     
should cover  such points as the        
quantity of chips secured from a ton or 
a stacked  cord of various forms of mill
 waste and from a standard cord1 the    

cost  and best methods of chipping1     
drying and baling1 and finally of       
methods  for determining the moisture   
content of the baled chip1 which would  
presumably be sold on a weight basis4   
#e4 ,attention to methods for limiting1 
describing and illustrating such  points
 as 8knotty10 8rough10 8doty10 8fire    
scarred10 8heart-rot10  8sap-rot10 etc4 
,all of these defects detract from the  
value of  the material1 but to just what
 extent is not at present generally     
established4    #f4 ,other points1 such 
as standard methods of determining the  
dry weight  and moisture content of the 
wood1 or of measurement of wood fiber   
dimensions1 also require attention4     
,guesses ,about ,pulpwood ,supply of    
,future      ,one of the most           
interesting papers read at the          
convention dealt with  the ,pulpwood    
,supply of the ,future4 ,it was by      
,prof4 ,p4 ,s4 ,lovejoy of the          
,university of ,michigan4    ,mr4       
,lovejoy pointed out that the amount of 

cotton or corn raised in the  country   
each year1 the regions of production and
 the approximate costs  and the sale    
values were known1 and that with about  
the same relative  degree of accuracy   
the principal items of timber production
 were known4  ,in the case of pulpwood1 
statistics compiled from reports of the 
mills  showed the consumption by        
species1 by ,states1 the amounts and    
kinds  imported and how these items     
compare with past performances4         
,attention is now being devoted1 ,mr4   
,lovejoy said1 to learning where  our   
remaining forests are and what is in    
them1 but the results are  far from     
satisfactory as compared with the record
 of manufacturing4  ,he asserted that we
 did not know now1 within #be per cent41
 what our  stand of saw timber is for   
the whole community or for a given      
region or  ,state4 ,practically nothing 
is known about the existing pulpwood    
supply1  so that guesses as to the      
future cannot be accurate1 but ,mr4     

,lovejoy  explained that there were many
 things upon which such guesses could be
  based4      ,competition ,between ,saw
 ,mill and ,pulp ,mill4    ,a condition 
that would have to be met was greater   
competition between  pulp mill and      
sawmill1 ,mr4 ,lovejoy said1 as the     
value of lumber was  constantly         
increasing while the merchantable grades
 of lumber were  declining4 ,the pulp   
mill is at a disadvantage in this       
respect2 that it  represents a greater  
capital than the sawmill and cannot be  
moved to a  new location4    ,on the    
other hand1 ,mr4 ,lovejoy continued1 the
 pulp mill owner is able  to use a      
poorer grade of material than the       
sawmill1 and every time a  new way of   
using still poorer material is found he 
increases his supply  of raw material   
and extends his period of operation at  
one place4  ,another way in which to    
increase his available raw material is  
to see  that the forests which are      
tributary to his plant are not burned   

out4  ,forest fires cannot be insured   
against and always result in the end in 
considerable loss to the industry4 ,a   
really efficient organization for  the  
prevention of fire can usually be       
maintained at from #b to #aj cents  per 
acre each year1 ,mr4 ,lovejoy stated1   
and it is cheaper and more  effective to
 protect large areas over a long period 
than otherwise4      ,wood ,end of ,pulp
 ,production ,wasteful4    ,mr4 ,lovejoy
 pointed out that in many cases the     
woods end of pulp  production was very  
wasteful4 ,as an example1 he cited a    
given forest  area1 having a stand of   
one-third beech1 birch and maple1       
one-third  spruce and one-third hemlock 
and balsam4 ,only a small part of the   
stand offers good log timber1 not       
sufficient to attract a sawmill4 ,a     
contractor is obtained to get out the   
pulp stock1 the mill specifying  that   
the stock shall not exceed #e per cent4 
species other than spruce4  ,the spruce 
comes out1 together with all the balsam 

that the contractor  can get by with4   
,that skins the stand1 but is not the   
worst of it4 ,a  lot of slash is left on
 the ground offering good material for a
 fire4  ,if fire does not come the wind 
throws a lot of balsam4 ,side-light     
hitting the hemlock parch-blights it and
 it dies4 ,conditions are  favorable to 
tree-destroying insects4 ,if the forest 
finally survives it  will not longer be 
a pulp-producing forest4    ,as a remedy
 for this condition1 ,mr4 ,lovejoy urged
 a dependable  inventory of the forest  
resources by combined ,federal1 ,state  
and  private agencies and the           
development of greater co-operation     
between  wood-using plants1 so that     
everything the forest produced could be 
utilized4 ,he suggested that private    
owners might be induced to go into  the 
business of raising timber1 rather than 
have all the forests owned  directly by 
the mills4      ,conservation of ,raw   
,materials ,essential4    ,the          
conservation of raw materials was       

essential to a well-organized  industry1
 and there was danger that the pulpwood 
supply might not  be protected4 ,growth 
of timber was slow1 a cord an acre being
 the  approximate annual rate for well  
worked forests4 ,the annual consumption 
is about #e1jjj1jjj cords of pulpwood in
 this country2 a tree of #ej  years of  
age is the best for the purpose4        
,working on this basis1 it  would       
clean-cut from #aej1jjj to #bjj1jjj     
acres each year to meet the  demand4    
,under the present system of            
unscientific cutting1 the number of     
acres cut over each year reaches several
 million4      #e1jjj1jjj ,acres of     
,timber ,land ,needed4    ,putting it   
another way1 ,mr4 ,lovejoy asserted that
 #e1jjj1jjj acres of  timber land were  
needed to establish the industry on such
 a basis1  provided that only #ajj1jjj  
acres were cut over each year4 ,compared
 with  the #ejj1jjj1jjj acres needed for
 all timber requirements of the ,united 
,states1 this is a small amount1 he     

explained1 and it is up to the  pulpwood
 men to see that it does not get lost in
 the shuffle4    ,fire and heavy taxes  
prevent the growing of timber from being
 an  attractive investment proposition  
to the individual1 but for a            
corporation it is different1 said ,mr4  
,lovejoy4 ,under proper management  the 
forest land will begin to render return 
at once4 ,several pulpwood  mills are   
already on this basis4    ,in closing1  
,mr4 ,lovejoy urged the importance of   
less severe competition  and greater    
co-operation4 ,such changes were        
radical1 but they must be  undertaken to
 preserve the industry4          ,,trade
 ,,enquiries4      ,a firm at ,bristol1 
,eng41 has asked the ,canadian ,trade   
and ,commerce  ,department for          
quotations for a contract on woodpulp   
board4 ,they desire  the board to be #dj
 inches by #de at about #ahj sheets to  
the ,british  cwt41 and ask for #ajj to 
#aej tons a year1 delivered ten tons per
 month4    ,a ,glasgow1 ,scot41 firm    

states that a large demand exists there 
for  straw-boards1 leather-boards and   
pulpwood-board4 ,they have forwarded    
samples to the ,department of ,trade and
 ,commerce at ,ottawa for  quotations4  
,two ,russian firms have asked the      
,dominion ,trade and ,commerce          
,department  for quotations for writing 
papers for commercial purposes4 ,they   
prefer white and light blue colors4     
,quotations for quantities c4i4f4       
,vladivostok1 desired4 ,they sent       
samples with their request4             
,sweden's ,production and ,export of    
,paper      ,translated from 8,papir    
,journalen0 ,christiania1 ,norway by the
 ,news-print  ,manufacturers'           
,association4    ,in the report of the  
,swedish ,chamber of ,commerce is said  
as a general  opinion about the ,swedish
 paper industry in #aiae1 that it has   
had to  pass through many troubles1 and 
that operation has been difficult and   
expensive4    ,of raw materials1        
pulpwood prices increased very early on 

account  of forced pitprops export1 and 
because pitprops used much timber       
previously chiefly had been used for    
wood pulp and cellulose1 that is  pine  
and spruce of large dimensions4 ,to a   
larger extent there were  made purchases
 of pulpwood in ,sweden for export to   
,norway1 which1 on  which account of the
 war1 could not supply its demand by    
imports from  ,russia4 ,on account of   
the purchases for foreign consumers1 the
 supply  in some places was so scant    
that several woodpulp and paper mills   
had  difficulties in covering their     
requirements4 ,these conditions caused a
  great rise in prices4 ,after repeated 
petitions from the ,swedish ,paper      
,mills ,association on ,november #fth1  
#aiae1 an embargo was declared on  the  
export of unrefined spruce and pine4 ,in
 spite of this1 felling and  purchases  
for foreign consumers have been         
continued1 in the hope that  licenses   
would be given liberally and likewise   
with the thought that  after the coming 

peace1 it would be possible to ship     
great quantities  of pulpwood from      
,sweden to countries1 where it then     
would be in great  demand4 ,in some     
parts of the country these conditions   
have brought  about an enormous wood    
felling which for a long time to come   
will  decrease the supply of pulpwood4  
,a number of requisites to the woodpulp 
and paper industry1 which must  be      
imported have not only increased in     
prices enormously1 but it has  been     
attended by many difficulties in        
obtaining the most necessary  supply4   
,the rise in prices of some raw         
materials and requirements have at the  
end of the year been estimated at the   
following figures3                      
per cent4      ,pulpwood has gone up    
#cj-fj      ,dyestuffs                  
#djj      ,chloride of lime             
#ajjj      ,coal                        
#djj-ejj      ,china clay               
#ajj-bjj      ,resin and other chemicals
                    #cjj      ,sulphur  

#afj-bjj      ,felts1 wires1 reserve    
parts1 oils and        everything else  
necessary to the        unhampered      
operation of the machines   #ajj-ejj    
,new machines to replace worn out ones1 
electric appliances1 etc4               
#fe-ejj    ,but in other respects too1  
the production has become more          
expensive1  for instance increased wages
 to employees and laborers on account   
of the famine1 greatly increased        
freights for imports and exports1       
considerably raised railway tariffs1    
etc4    ,all these items of increased   
cost in production and operation1 have1 
of course1 brought about an increase in 
the prices of paper1 so far as  this has
 been possible4 ,some buyers in foreign 
countries have consented  to an increase
 of price for deliveries on older       
contracts4 ,the sellers  in ,sweden1 by 
the bye have arranged to sell f4o4b4    
,swedish ports1 and  have avoided       
thereby the risk of increase in freight 
and insurance4  ,in the first half of   

last year1 the prices could be raised on
 a few  qualities4 ,but only in the     
latter half of the year came a          
systematic  co-operation among the      
,swedish producers for a regulation of  
prices1  and this price regulating was  
done in concurrence with the ,norwegian 
paper producers4    ,the foreign demand 
for paper has increased latterly1 and   
now very high  prices are offered for   
some qualities4 ,the demand for paper   
suitable  for the producing of yarn     
especially has been very great and of   
these  kinds of paper ,sweden has sold  
quite a good deal4 ,there has been a    
demand for paper yarns and textiles made
 therefrom2 but the production  thereof 
is very limited in ,sweden4 ,the        
production and the exports of  some     
other paper goods has increased during  
#aiae4 ,but the increase has  not       
always1 to cite the report mentioned1   
been as great as might have  been       
desired in order to get a firm hold on  
the world markets for the  ,swedish     

paper industry1 for which the present   
time is most favorable4          ,,the  
,,government',s ,,paper ,,bill4         
,the high cost of paper is hampering the
 work of the ,united ,states  government
 seriously4 ,publications are being cut 
down and plans are  under way to        
discontinue those of minor importance4  
,officials in all  departments put into 
effect today orders to conserve paper4  
,a principal  step is use of smaller    
type in printing4    ,the ,united       
,states government annually places the  
largest individual  contract made in    
this country for paper4 ,when paper     
required for  present fiscal year is    
ready for delivery1 general purchasing  
agents  have been warned that mills will
 not be able to meet a demand equally   
as great next year1 even at enormous    
increase in price4    ,dr4 ,o4 ,h4      
,briggs1 head of government general     
supply division says3  8,latest reports 
show a crisis in the paper industry1 and
 retrenchment  all along the line will  

be enforced4 ,government contract price 
for fine  grades of typewriting paper   
last year was #ab cents a pound4 ,today 
we  should have to pay #bj cents4 ,we   
are using #ajj different kinds of paper4
  ,since the war the price has jumped   
about #ajj and will continue to  soar40 
,government printing demands about #ae  
carloads daily and paper for its  use   
alone has amounted to more than         
#a1jjj1jjj a year4 ,printing paper  for 
this year's work costs #d cents1 but    
contracts for future supplies  will show
 #ajj increase or more in price4        
,,changes ,,at ,,forest ,,products      
,,laboratory      ,dr4 ,j4 ,s4 ,bates1  
,superintendent of the ,forest ,products
 ,laboratories1  has left for           
,shawinigan ,falls to assist the        
,imperial ,government in the  production
 of chemical products needed in         
munitions manufacture4 ,dr4  ,bates is  
8loaned0 to the ,imperial ,government by
 the ,dominion ,government  for the     
period of the war4    ,w4 ,boyd         

,campbell ,b4,sc41 ,assistant           
,superintendent1 who has been to the    
front for the past twelve months1 has   
returned to take up the duties of  ,dr4 
,bates until his return4           99   
99       99       99       99    ,there 
arrived #aj1cfh1jjj1jjj matches in ,new 
,york a few days ago from  ,sweden on   
,,ss4 ,stockholm to relieve shortage in 
,united ,states4 ,steamer  also brought 
#g1ejj bales of wood pulp4              
,,insurance ,,of ,,standing ,,timber    
,,regarded ,,as ,,feasible4             
,standing timber is one fire risk that  
hitherto has not been regarded  with    
favor by the fire insurance companies4  
,some insurance of this sort  has been  
written in ,canada by the ,london       
,lloyds on separate limited  tracts and 
an excess loss only1 the insured bearing
 all losses below  this limit4 ,the     
,phoenix ,insurance ,co41 of ,london1   
is1 however1 this  year writing some    
insurance upon green standing timber in 
,oregon and  ,washington1 with certain  

restrictions1 and at rates varying from 
#a  and #a per cent4 ,the timber must be
 accessible to markets1 not unduly      
exposed to fire hazard1 and only one    
risk is taken in each fire zone or  area
 indicated by the ,company4 ,no risk is 
written greater than #ag1ejj  in any one
 such area4    ,w4 ,r4 ,brown in an     
article on this subject in 8,american   
,forestry0 goes  in to some detail in   
discussing the possibilities of this    
subject4 ,he  summarizes the fire       
experiences within the territory of     
various fire  prevention associations1  
and his figures include the #bb1jjj1jjj 
acres  under the supervision of ,e4 ,c4 
,allen in the twelve western private    
fire prevention associations which he   
supervises2 the ,new ,hampshire         
,timberland ,owners' ,association with  
#a1jjj1jjj acres2 the ,northern  ,fire  
,protective ,association of ,michigan   
with #b1jjj1jjj acres2 the ,st4         
,maurice ,valley ,fire ,protective      
,association of ,quebec with an area of 

#h1jjj1jjj acres--the total of the four 
associations being #cc1jjj1jjj  acres4  
,the expenditure for forest ranging and 
fire prevention is  approximately #a    
cent an acre for the first three and    
cent an acre for  the ,canadian         
organization4 ,in the western           
associations the fire loss  for the year
 #aiaj was one-half of #a per cent4 ,in 
each association since  that time it has
 been much less than that figure1 except
 for #aiad in  the ,canadian            
association1 when one fire got away and 
the fire loss of  the year was          
three-fourths of #a per cent4 upon the  
timber valuation4  ,taking all four     
areas together and summarizing the      
figures for each  which ,mr4 ,allen     
gives1 the average yearly losses        
respectively were as  follows3    #aiaj1
 4#jje2 #aiaa1 4#jjjaga2 #aiab1         
4#jjjbcbh2 #aiac1 4#jjabfcf2 #aiad1     
4#jjbec2 #aiae1 4#jjdbg4    ,the writer 
concludes from these figures that in    
such protective areas  fire insurance   

should cost for the loss ratio not over 
one-half  per cent4 annually1 with      
another one-half per cent4 added for    
administration cost of the insurance    
plan4 ,he gives some further  experience
 upon which to base this conclusion4 ,in
 ,minnesota during the  last ten years1 
with its forest wealth of #bhj1jjj1jjj1 
the average  fire loss has been about   
#ajj1jjj or one-thirty-fourth of #a per 
cent4  annually4--,american ,lumberman4 
,,paper ,,clothes4      ,a new ,german  
textile in which paper is spun with     
about #bj per cent4 of  cotton is being 
exhibited in ,copenhagen4    ,unspun    
cotton in the form of down is glued to  
one side of endless rolls  of paper and 
the paper is then shorn into narrow     
bands1 which are spun  with the cotton  
side outwards4    ,danish experts were  
shown 8paper0 underclothing1 jerseys1   
sheets1  bandages1 and horse blankets1  
but the cost of production of the cloth 
is said to be too high to allow its     
competing with cotton and woolen  cloth 

under normal conditions4                
,,municipal ,,forestry4      ,forestry  
can never appeal to individual          
enterprise on a large scale4  ,returns  
are too slow4 ,as a national enterprise 
of the highest  importance it is gaining
 recognition1 and there is a tendency   
among  some ,american cities to take    
advantage of its many possibilities4    
,with  the exception of the vicinity of 
the ,great ,lakes1 the world's largest  
reservoir of pure fresh water1 cities   
must have water supplies from  available
 drainage or watershed areas4 ,these can
 be devoted to forestry  with advantage 
from a sanitary point of view1 and also 
with profit when  the trees begin to    
mature4 ,where convenient1 the forested 
area can  also be made to serve as      
public parks4 ,the city of ,fall ,river1
 ,mass41  began in #aiji to plant trees 
in ,watuppa ,pond ,reservation4 ,there  
are  #c1bcb acres of land belonging to  
the municipality in a natural forest    
condition and #a1eeb acres suitable for 

reforesting4 ,the trees are  supplied by
 the ,state ,forestry ,bureau4 ,the     
,metropolitan ,water ,board1  which     
represents ,boston and other cities in  
this matter1 has planted1  chiefly in   
the ,wachusetts ,reservation1 about     
#a1hjj acres with forest  trees4 ,in six
 years the ,state forestry service has  
furnished to the  cities of the ,state a
 sufficient number of trees to cover    
#a1dha acres1  and it is estimated that 
#ae1jjj acres in city reservoir tracts  
have  been put under some kind of forest
 treatment4 ,massachusetts has gone     
beyond the use of the watershed         
reservations for this purpose4 ,an act  
was passed by the ,legislature three    
years ago permitting cities to buy  land
 to be kept distinctly as forests1 quite
 aside from water purposes4  ,there are 
now several of these city forests in    
existence4    ,elsewhere in the ,united 
,states the same tendency exists4 ,in   
ten large  and middling-sized cities    
forest domains aggregating over #aej1jjj

 acres  are maintained1 and it is       
probable that municipal forests comprise
  #bej1jjj acres4 ,newark1 ,n4,j41 has a
 forest of #bb1jjj acres1 and in time   
the whole of it may be scientifically   
forested4 ,hartford1 ,conn41 has  a     
forest property of #d1jjj acres1 which  
is being developed for timber           
production4 ,here are examples for      
,canadian cities4 ,winnipeg's water     
development may be made to serve a      
double purpose4 ,even ,toronto's        
suburban ravines1 though unsuited and   
unnecessary for water supply1  might    
serve the dual purpose of timber        
production and park systems4  ,municipal
 trading has many critics1 often        
unreasonable1 but municipal  reforesting
 should be made a possibility where     
,provincial authority is  neglecting its
 duty in that regard and falling behind 
in the march of  progress4--,toronto    
,globe4          ,,publishers ,,to      
,,make ,,paper4      ,fifty newspaper   
publishers of ,florida are considering  

establishment of  a plant to manufacture
 paper from pulp of fibrous trees and   
bushes in  that state1 particularly     
palmetto4 ,investigations have shown    
fibrous  material is of better quality  
than spruce pulp which is used in       
manufacture of newsprint4           99  
99       99       99       99    ,in    
connection with the advance in paper    
issues1 timber limits1 which  normally  
have a value of about #a1jjj a square   
mile1 have risen to  #b1jjj a square    
mile4           99       99       99    
99       99    ,a prominent dealer who  
returned a few days ago from the ,quebec
  woodlands reports that the supply of  
pulpwood this year is but #ej per  cent4
 of what it was a year ago because of   
the inability to get labor4             
,,scarcity ,,of ,,paper ,,in ,,foreign  
,,countries4      ,the following        
information furnished by ,united ,states
 consuls and  published in the ,united  
,states ,commerce ,reports1 will be of  
interest to  the ,canadian paper        

trade3--      ,government ,may ,take    
,action to ,relieve ,brazilian          
,situation4    ,the scarcity of paper1  
and particularly of news-print paper1 in
 ,rio de  ,janeiro is still a serious   
matter4 ,while stocks have been         
replenished1  there are signs that      
another crisis is approaching4 ,the     
8,jornal do  ,commercio01 the leading   
daily paper of the city1 in an editorial
 on  ,july #g1 seriously proposed that  
unless the ,brazilian ,congress saw fit 
to reduce the import duties on          
news-print paper for a time1 all the    
newspapers of the country should begin  
to eliminate news that was  superfluous 
and print smaller daily editions so as  
to save paper4    ,the matter has       
attracted widespread attention1 perhaps 
on account of  the impressions that     
importers usually profit by a scarcity  
on the  local market to make exorbitant 
demands for what stocks they may have   
on hand4 ,although the serious situation
 now confronting the country has  been  

looming up threateningly for a long time
 past1 no effort seems to  have been    
made to save paper or to collect waste  
paper and rags4    ,senhor ,dunshee de  
,abrantee1 of the ,brazilian ,chamber of
 ,deputies1  himself a man familiar with
 journalism and the needs of the paper  
trade1 has already presented to         
,congress a proposed amendment to the   
forthcoming budget law1 providing that  
imported paper shall pay no duty  and   
only the expediente tax on entering the 
country4      ,spanish ,government      
,asked ,to ,seek ,remedy4    ,the       
scarcity of paper in ,spain has caused  
some anxiety1 and  representatives of   
,spanish publishers1 printers1 and      
manufacturers of  paper and cardboard   
have informed the ,government of their  
willingness  to postpone filling export 
orders until after the domestic demand  
for  their products has been fully met4 
,they also expressed a desire that  the 
,government fix prices and conditions to
 control the export of  raw materials   

used in paper manufacture4 ,accordingly1
 a royal order1  published ,june #ae1   
#aiaf1 appointed a commission1 a        
representative of  the ,government      
presiding1 formed of three delegates    
chosen from each  interested group1     
namely1 paper manufacturers1 newspaper  
publishers1  and those engaged in       
bookmaking arts4    ,this commission is 
to pass on all complaints formulated1   
proposing1  if necessary1 such methods  
as it judges opportune with respect to  
the export of paper and un-manufactured 
cardboard4 ,the custom house            
authorities must submit to this         
commission a sample of every class of   
paper or cardboard exported1 its origin1
 and the name of the exporter4    ,the  
paper-making interests in ,spain employs
 chiefly wood-pulp1 and its  price has  
increased about #he per cent since the  
war began4 ,imports of  wood-pulp in    
#aiac amounted to #fa1jjj metric tons of
 #b1bjd4f pounds  each2 in #aiad to     
#dj1jjj tons1 and in #aiae to #ej1jjj   

tons4 ,more than  half of this supply   
comes from ,sweden2 other sources are   
,germany and  ,norway4    ,wood-pulp and
 logs for making pulp coming from       
foreign countries were  exempted from   
the transport tax in ,march last1 and an
 export duty of #ah  pesetas gold per   
#ajj kilograms 7#a4eh per #ajj pounds7  
levied on endless  paper weighing from  
#da to #ej grams per square metre and   
containing  mechanical pulp4            
,,supply ,,and ,,demand ,,law ,,controls
 ,,paper ,,prices4      ,in his address 
before the ,new ,york ,business         
,publishers' ,association1  formerly the
 ,new ,york ,trade ,press ,association1 
at the ,advertising ,club  of ,new ,york
 on ,oct4 #b1 ,judge ,c4 ,f4 ,moore1    
secretary of the ,bureau of  ,statistics
 of the ,book ,paper ,manufacturers'    
,association1 declared that  there was a
 real paper famine in the ,united       
,states1 and that the law of  supply and
 demand was solely responsible for the  
present high prices of  book paper4     

,he went on to say that the people in   
the ,united ,states were enormously     
busy and that they were using more paper
 than ever before2 that there  was a    
more acute paper famine abroad than in  
,america1 that the mills  in the ,united
 ,states were all working day and night 
six days a week1  and that because of   
discouraging legislation passed by      
,congress in the  past the paper        
manufacturers had not been keen on      
building new plants  and installing new 
machinery when there was such a chance  
for keen  competition from abroad4 ,he  
asserted that there had been no         
agreement  by paper makers to boost the 
price or to regulate it4                
,,lockwood',s ,,directory4              
,lockwood's ,directory of the ,paper    
,stationery ,allied ,trades for #aiag1  
has just been received by the ,pulp and 
,paper ,magazines4 ,the work has  come  
to be regarded as a standard            
publication1 and is eagerly looked  for 
by those engaged in the pulp and paper  

industry4    ,the ,directory this year  
contains #gfh pages as compared with    
#gdb pages  for the previous year4 ,it  
contains a vast amount of information   
relating to paper dealers1 rag and paper
 stock dealers1 paper box               
manufacturers1 twine manufacturers1 wall
 paper makers1 envelope  manufacturers1 
paper bag producers1 trade associations1
 the stationary  trade1 water marks and 
brands1 etc4    ,the ,trade ,statistics 
contained in the ,paper are brought     
right up to  date1 which in view of the 
changed conditions brought about by the 
,european war1 make it of particular    
value4 ,the price to anyone engaged  in 
the trade is #c4jj4 ,it is published by 
the ,lockwood ,journal ,company1  #aj   
,east #cith ,st41 ,new ,york4           
,,the ,,wood ,,distillation ,,industry4 
,it is estimated by the ,new ,york      
,state ,college of ,forestry that #fdj  
cords of beech1 birch and maple wood are
 used every day in the wood             
distillation industry in ,new ,york     

,state4 ,the industry has been greatly  
stimulated by the ,european war inasmuch
 as acetate of lime1 of one the         
principal products of the industry1 is  
used in the manufacture of high         
explosives4          ,,three ,,idle     
,,mills4      ,at the present time there
 are but three idle pulp and paper mills
 in  ,canada1 two of which are located  
in ,british ,columbia1 and the third in 
,nova ,scotia4 ,these are all small     
mills1 and in contrast to that1 it  is  
only necessary to point out that all the
 other mills in ,canada are  working to 
capacity4           99       99       99
       99       99    ,the annual       
consumption of paper pulp wood in the   
,united ,states is  #d1cjj1jjj cords1   
representing an expenditure of          
#cf1jjj1jjj by  approximately #bej      
companies4          ,,shoes ,,like      
8,,the ,,wonderful ,,one ,,horse        
,,shay40      ,when a man is 8on his    
uppers0 he is in a very serious         
condition for  then his shoe soles have 

worn out and he has no money to buy     
more4  ,this expression therefore       
carries with it the assumption that the 
uppers of our shoes wear better than the
 soles4 ,it is a slang phrase of  recent
 introduction3 for can we not recall our
 boyhood days1 and see  those gorgeous  
patches on our ,sunday best wax calf    
shoes1 or our every  day high           
boots--patches which were striking      
emblems of the cobbler's  art8 ,yes1 the
 soles outwore the uppers then1 but they
 had other less  desirable qualities    
than durability4 ,hark back1 and you can
 hear again  that vibrant reverberation 
echoing upon the stillness of the       
,sabbath  morn as the deacon1           
contribution box in hand1 tip-toed up   
and down the  aisle2 every squeak of    
those blessed boots sounding like the   
droaning  of a rusty saw in a hemlock   
log4    ,times have changed1 however1   
since those happy days4 ,the ,chemist   
has  been busy1 and his achievements in 
the leather industry have been          

revolutionary4 ,in #ahhd1 ,augustus     
,schultz of ,new ,york ,city1 who was   
not  a tanner but a chemist1 patented a 
process for tanning with chromium       
salts4 ,as a result of this discovery1  
over ninety per cent4 of the  shoes worn
 throughout the world to-day are made   
with chrome-tanned  upper leather4 ,this
 chrome-tanned leather1 which1 we are   
proud to say  was made commercially     
possible in ,america1 is cheaper1 more  
durable1  easier to manufacture1 holds  
its shape better1 and1 in every other   
respect1 is superior to bark-tanned     
leather of former years4 ,this is  the  
reason why we do not wear patches on our
 shoe uppers to-day4    ,the sole       
leather of to-day1 it is claimed1 does  
not wear so well as  that of former     
years4 ,possibly this may be the case1  
but still the  statement is open to a   
question4 ,granted1 however1 that the   
sole  leather of fifty years ago did    
wear somewhat longer1 there are reasons 
why we should not care to return to its 

use4 ,in place of the old style         
leather1 which was a hard and as hard   
and as slippery as steel1 we now  have a
 leather which cuts well1 looks well1   
and1 above all else1 feels  well on the 
foot4 ,therefore1 looking to our comfort
 as we do1 we would  never be satisfied 
with the shoes that grandpa used to     
wear4    ,the meeting of the ,american  
,chemical ,society1 which was held in   
,new  ,york ,city during the week of    
,september #be to #cj1 and the          
,exposition of  ,chemical ,industries   
meeting there at the same time1 makes us
 wonder  if the chemist will soon be    
able to make the sole of a shoe wear as 
long as the upper4 ,something along this
 line may be forthcoming1 as it  is     
pretty well known in the trade that a   
sole leather can be produced  by means  
of a so-called chrome combination       
tannage which will outwear  bark-tanned 
leather three to one4 ,to prove this    
point1 a recent series  of tests were   
made on twenty mail carriers and twenty 

policemen in ,new  ,york ,city4 ,on the 
right shoe of each was a sole made from 
a chrome  combination1 and on the left  
was the best oak sole obtainable4 ,on   
the  average1 two oak soles wore through
 and the men were on the third  before  
the chrome combination saw its finish4  
,with the price of leather constantly   
going up and the supply of hides  not   
sufficient to meet the demand1 the time 
is soon coming when we  shall be forced 
to produce sole leather possessing a    
greater degree of  wearing quality4 ,we 
shall then have shoes on our feet which 
will be  like the proverbial1 8,one     
,horse ,shay02 for1 when they do go1    
even the  cobbler will not be able to   
find the pieces4          ,,work ,,of   
,,the ,,bureau ,,of ,,standards4        
,reference is made in a recent issue of 
the 8,scientific ,american0 to the      
excellent work being done at the ,bureau
 of ,standards1 ,washington1 ,d4,c4  ,in
 relation to the pulp and paper         
laboratory presided over by ,frederick  

,c4 ,clark1 a prominent member of the   
,technical ,association of the ,pulp    
and ,paper ,industry1 the 8,scientific  
,american0 says3    8,some time ago1 the
 ,government1 realizing that we were cut
 off from  supplies of rags and waste   
paper1 which heretofore had been        
imported in  large quantities1 appealed 
to the public to save such refuse       
material  and sell it to paper          
manufacturers4 ,as a result of this     
appeal1 a  manufacturer of waxed paper  
asked the ,department of ,commerce      
whether  any use could be made of       
clippings of his product4 ,in the       
production of  waxed paper sheets1 this 
company is burdened with large          
quantities of  clippings1 which have    
been hauled away by the carload and     
destroyed4  ,owing to the association of
 the paraffin wax with the fiber of the 
paper1 such clippings cannot be         
introduced into ordinary paper pulp40   
,,quebec',s ,,forest ,,economy4         
7,telegraph1 ,st4 ,john1 ,n4,b474       

,quebec1 some years ago1 established a  
provincial nursery1 and this  year1 in  
addition to the young trees planted on  
,crown lands1 the  provincial nursery   
shipped #djj1jjj seedlings to pulp and  
paper  companies which are reafforesting
 the lands they have cut over4 ,the     
,laurentide company alone bought        
#bej1jjj of these young trees4 ,a large 
number were sold to other pulp and paper
 companies1 and to private  individuals4
 ,the ,perthius seignory alone bought   
#ej1jjj seedlings this  year2 and this  
is the sixth year in succession during  
which trees have  been bought from the  
province for use in this seignory4 ,with
 this  example just over our provincial 
line fence1 ,new ,brunswick continues a 
policy of waste and neglect4            
,,paper ,,shortage ,,serious ,,in ,,new 
,,zealand4      ,new ,zealand paper     
shortage is interfering greatly with    
printing  business and the government is
 limiting publications turned out by    
it4 ,because of difficulty in getting   

paper1 managers of a number of          
publications talk of suspending4        
,supplies of certain lines of paper1    
cardboards1 pasteboards1 etc41 are      
almost impossible to obtain1 and it     
seems unlikely that this condition  will
 improve much until some time after the 
war1 unless ,american or  ,canadian     
manufacturers are able to relieve the   
situation4 ,scarcity of  envelopes is   
very marked1 and it is almost impossible
 to obtain certain  lines4 ,one firm in 
,auckland took orders for #be1jjj1jjj   
envelopes1 but  has been able to get    
orders accepted in the ,united ,states  
for only  #ae1jjj1jjj1 and to date only 
#e1jjj1jjj have been delivered4         
99       99       99       99       99  
,the output of pulp and paper from      
,british ,columbia last year was #ej1cjg
  tons of manufactured paper and #ac1jjj
 tons of sulphite pulp1 valued at       
#c1bjj1jjj4          ,,united ,,states  
,,notes    7,special to ,pulp and ,paper
 ,magazine74      ,october #ad1 #aiaf4  

,considerable interest was manifest in  
the ,new ,york paper circle  during the 
past fortnight by the resignation from  
the ,international  ,paper ,company of  
,arthur ,e4 ,wright4 ,mr4 ,wright has   
been connected with  the ,international 
for many years4 ,at one time he was     
,vice-,president  and ,sales ,manager1  
but several years ago he relinquished   
the former  position to devote his      
entire time to the daily distribution of
 the  company's #a1ejj tons of paper4   
,mr4 ,wright has been appointed         
,secretary  of the ,perkins-,goodwin    
,company at #cc ,west #dbnd ,street1    
,new ,york1 and  has already assumed his
 new duties4           99       99      
99       99       99    ,another        
addition to its mills is announced by   
the ,union ,bag  ,paper  ,company4 ,at  
the offices of the big concern in the   
,woolworth ,building1  ,new ,york1 it   
was said last week it had been decided  
to build a  plant at ,hudson ,falls1    
,n4,y41 for the manufacture of paper    

bags4 ,the  specifications call for a   
four story building1 #ajj by #djj feet4 
,work  will be begun immediately and    
when completed it is expected to        
increase  the company's pay roll by     
approximately #djj people4           99 
99       99       99       99    ,press 
dispatches from ,san ,francisco1 ,cal41 
state that the ,northwestern  ,compo    
,board ,company1 which1 by the way1 is a
 branch of the ,c4 ,a4 ,smith  ,lumber  
,company1 had negotiated with the ,union
 ,lumber ,company to utilize  its       
redwood refuse at ,fort ,bragg1 ,cal41  
for the manufacture of ,compo  board4   
,it is also understood that work will be
 started immediately upon  the erection 
of a suitable mill at that place4       
99       99       99       99       99  
,hans ,lagerlof1 ,president of the      
,scandinavian ,trading ,company1 with   
offices in the ,produce ,exchange       
,building1 ,new ,york1 has just returned
  from a protracted trip through        
,scandinavia4 ,mr4 ,lagerlof left the   

,states last ,july1 and relates some    
very interesting experiences during  his
 sojourn in the war zone4           99  
99       99       99       99    ,after 
being idle for about six years1 the old 
paper mills at ,mount  ,holly ,springs1 
,mass41 will shortly resume operations4 
,the ,mount ,holly  ,paper ,mills1      
,inc41 has been chartered in            
,massachusetts to take over the         
properties and good will of the old     
concern4 ,the officers of the new       
corporation are3 ,frank ,locke1         
,president2 ,h4 ,t4 ,maynard1           
,vice-,president  and ,general ,manager1
 and ,h4 ,a4 ,g4 ,locke1 ,treasurer4 ,it
 is stated that  the mills will be      
placed in operations as soon as repairs 
can be made  and new necessary machinery
 installed4           99       99       
99       99       99    ,the            
,northwestern ,paper ,company1 of       
,minneapolis1 ,minn41 has amended its   
charter increasing its capital from     
#a1jjj1jjj to #a1ejj1jjj4           99  

99       99       99       99    ,quite 
a number of the leading paper jobbers   
exhibited at the third  annual printing 
show at ,new ,york1 ,september #cjth to 
,october #gth1 where  they demonstrated 
their various grades of papers to the   
printers of the  country4 ,this         
exhibition has always interested the    
paper jobbers very  much1 and it was    
said that this year's show was attended 
by a greater  number of people than ever
 before4           99       99       99 
99       99    ,the correspondent on the
 ,pacific ,coast of one of the leading  
trade  journals states in a current     
dispatch that the ,hawley ,pulp and     
,paper  ,company is building a new pare 
mill at ,oregon ,city1 ,ore4 ,orders    
have  been placed for the machinery and 
excavation for a concrete foundation    
has begun4 ,it is expected that the mill
 will be ready for operation  about     
,spring time4           99       99     
99       99       99    ,it is          
understood on good authority that the   

,kalamazoo ,paper ,company1  ,kalamazoo1
 ,mich41 in order to have sufficient    
power to run its  new coating plant1    
will increase its present power plant by
 the  installation of a new #a1bej      
horsepower turbine engine4 ,other       
necessary  additions will also be added 
which will make the company have one of 
the largest power plants in the state4  
99       99       99       99       99  
,the ,delaware charters during the past 
fortnight listed the ,roberts  ,sulphite
 ,company4 ,objects of the new          
corporation are to deal in wood  pulp   
and paper stock4 ,the capital stock is  
placed at #b1ejj1jjj4           99      
99       99       99       99           
,another large pulp corporation to be   
reported during the past fortnight  is  
the ,filer ,fibre ,company4 ,this is a  
#cjj1jjj concern4 ,it proposes  to      
engage in the manufacture of wood pulp  
at ,manistee1 ,mich4 ,it is  understood 
that the concern1 which is backed by ,e4
 ,g4 ,filer1 will begin  immediately the

 building of its mill1 and be in        
operation sometime  about the early     
spring4           99       99       99  
99       99    ,fifty newspaper         
publishers of the ,state of ,florida1   
convened at  ,jacksonville on ,october  
#fth and #gth to discuss the high cost  
of  printing paper and consider the     
advisability of establishing a plant  in
 ,florida to manufacture paper from pulp
 of fibrous trees and bushes1           
particularly the palmetto4              
,investigations1 it is said1 have shown 
that  fibrous materials are of better   
quality than the spruce pulp which is   
used by the mills in the north4 ,several
 specimens were shown at the  meeting   
and those from the ,florida trees showed
 more tensile strength  than any of the 
other grades submitted4 ,it was said    
that the ,florida  editors will endorse 
and promote any move that will bring    
about the  establishment of a mill in   
that state4          ,,new ,,york       
,,markets4      ,new ,york1 ,n4,y41     

,october #g1 #aiaf4    ,the outlook in  
ground wood pulp is very discouraging1  
so far as the  consumer is concerned4   
,there is now a definite certainty that 
the  market must continue to grow more  
acute and that the value of pulp  will  
be on the ascendancy for some time4     
,while there has been no  material      
increase in the quotations reported for 
ground wood1 since our  last issue1     
these figures are beginning to represent
 nominal issues1  for it is becoming    
rather difficult to negotiate for such  
supplies4  ,now1 more than ever1 does   
the prediction1 made several months ago1
 that  ground wood pulp would reach     
#dj4jj per ton1 seem plausible4 ,from   
the  grinders come reports that they    
have little to offer4 ,they are working 
their mills to capacity fulfilling      
obligations which carry them through    
the balance of the year4 ,those mills   
which have surplus stocks are  asking   
tophigh prices4    ,it is most          
unfortunate at this time1 but it is     

understood that1 in  various parts of   
the country1 the water conditions are   
very poor and  that it is with          
difficulty many of the machines are     
being kept in  operation4 ,in fact1 some
 of the mills have been shut down a good
 part  of the time1 owing to lack of    
water power4 ,this is a very serious    
condition1 because the demand has       
reached extraordinary proportions4  ,not
 only is there the usual call for ground
 wood1 caused by the ,fall  business1   
but there is an added demand1 stimulated
 by the shortage of  sulphites and the  
rush of many mills to substitute1 as far
 as possible1  the ground wood pulp4    
,present quotations have already reached
 #cj per  ton1 f4o4b4 mill4             
,conditions in the sulphite markets seem
 to be growing worse1 rather  than      
showing any tendency to improve4        
,importations are very limited  and it  
is apparent that the foreign producers  
are not at all very  anxious to have    
much of their stock sent to his country4

 ,for1 they  say1 the continent of      
,europe presents a much better paying   
field4 ,it  is understood that the      
,germans1 the ,french1 ,italians1 and   
the other  countries which are able to  
get stock from ,sweden are paying       
whatever  is being asked--more than the 
current quotations in the ,united       
,states4  ,domestic mills are working to
 capacity and the volume of imports     
from ,canada has increased considerably1
 but the demand is of such  proportions 
that it is impossible for the           
manufacturers to keep up  with it4 ,a   
great deal of interest is reported in   
the market1 but mills  still hesitate   
about paying the very high prices and   
are buying very  cautiously1 in the hope
 that the situation will improve in the 
near  future4 ,but indications are far  
from warranting such hopes4 ,bleached   
sulphite is to-day quoted--nominally--at
 as high as #i;c for foreign  stock4    
,easy bleaching is going at about       
#f;c--whenever it can be had4  ,domestic

 unbleached is quoted at about #d;c1 but
 is also not available  in large        
quantities4 ,foreign strong unbleached  
remains at about #e;c to  #e;c4 ,krafts 
are to-day practically unobtainable4    
,the producers are  consuming whatever  
they have not already contracted to     
sell1 finding it  more profitable to    
convert the pulp into paper4 ,reports   
have been heard  of instances where     
manufacturers have not found it possible
 to live up  to their obligations and   
have had to stop deliveries on          
contracts4 ,the  nominal price for kraft
 pulp is about #e;c4    ,the rag market1
 as a whole1 is very quiet4 ,as the     
local dealers say1  the situation is    
dependent on the action of roofing rags 
and1 since  these are inactive1 the     
other grades are forced into a similar  
state4  ,reports from the roofing mills 
show that they are all working to       
capacity and that they have plenty of   
orders on hand4 ,however1 they  are all 
pretty well stocked with rags and have  

no need to come into  the market4 ,it   
seems to be understood in the trade1    
from the way the  buying is going on1   
that the manufacturers are conferring   
possibly  once a week and are informing 
each other of the various amounts of    
stock which have been offered by dealers
 and of the prices which have  been     
named4 ,in this way it has been possible
 for them to keep tabs  on the rag men  
and to keep the market from advancing4  
,because of the  inactivity in roofing1 
thirds and blues1 solid whites1 and the 
other  grades of old rags have not been 
moving very well1 nor have they been    
bringing the prices which the dealers   
expected they would be bringing  at this
 time of the year4 ,a slight increase1  
however1 was noted in  the demand for   
,no4 #a new white rags4 ,in fact1 one   
rumor had it that a  large lot of these 
rags had been sold at #aj;c4 ,it is     
known that a large  writing manufacturer
 refused an offer at #i;c and a little  
later wired an  acceptance1 but it was  

not taken4    ,rope has been looming up 
strong within the past few weeks and the
  market is now verging the #f;c mark4  
,it is understood that there are lots   
of stocks in ,england1 but these cannot 
be had because of the embargo so  the   
domestic manufacturers find themselves  
facing a scarcity in this  particular   
commodity4 ,the demand is now improving 
and bids fair to  continue so for some  
time4    ,the waste paper market has    
been characterized with considerable    
activity during the past few weeks4 ,the
 shortage of sulphite has  stimulated   
buying considerably and everyone is in  
the market looking  for stock4 ,hard    
white and soft white shavings1 in       
particular1 are in  strong demand and   
are reaching a stage where they will be 
hard to  obtain4 ,they are quoted about 
as follows3 hard white1 #d;c to #d;c2   
soft  white1 #c to #d;c4 ,the demand for
 ledger1 magazine and book stock is     
fairly strong and will most likely      
increase in strength1 if present        

indications are to be taken into        
account4 ,ledger stock is at #b;c to    
#b;c2 magazine1 at #a;c2 krafts1 at     
#c;c2 mixed papers1 at #fj;c to #fe;c4  
,in the paper market1 the acute         
situation remains unrelieved1 nor is    
there any apparent sign of relief       
visible4 ,this is true of all kinds  of 
paper4 ,the mills are all operating to  
capacity in the hope of  catching up    
with orders1 but this hope has been     
futile as will be  realized when it is  
understood that some of the             
manufacturers are still  working on     
orders received several months ago4     
,newsprint has been the  miracle of the 
industry4 ,despite all of the schemes   
which have been  published stating the  
many ways in which the newspapers were  
curtailing  their consumption and saving
 paper1 the demand is to-day as strong  
as it ever was4 ,the mills are shipping 
more than #ajj per cent4 of  their      
production--drawing from their reserve  
supplies1 so that these  have dwindled  

to a dangerous degree4 ,it would be hard
 to name a real  quotation for newsprint
 at the present time for the only lots  
to be had  are not those in the hands of
 jobbers who are asking as much as they 
can get for their stock4    ,wrapping   
papers are still very hard to get4 ,it  
will be interesting to  know that many  
of the large consumers of wrapping paper
 have reached  the stage where they find
 they cannot stand the cost and are     
making  price as follows3 so much for an
 article unwrapped1 and so much for an  
article wrapped4    ,r4 ,w4 ,,jolly4    
,,roof ,,trusses ,,collapse ,,at ,,plant
 ,,of ,,ontario ,,paper ,,company1      
,,limited4      ,on the #aith of        
,september six roof trusses on the new  
machine room  building1 which is under  
construction at the plant of the        
,ontario ,paper  ,company1 ,thorold1    
collapsed4    ,the building when        
completed will have fourteen trusses and
 at the  time of the accident six       
trusses had been erected with the       

exception  of riveting them4            
,seventy-five per cent4 of the rivet    
holes had been  filled with proper      
bolts4 ,the trusses were all tied       
together with  purlins of #f  #h ,long  
,leaf ,yellow ,pine4    ,when the six   
trusses were finished the guy line which
 held ,no4 #a truss  was slacked off as 
it was felt that the steel work would   
support  itself4 ,when the guy line was 
loose the entire six trusses simply     
toppled over without any warning4       
,mr4 ,sam ,bartlett1 who was working on 
this structure in the capacity of  iron 
worker was caught between the falling   
structure and an #ah #a4 beam  and was  
instantly killed4 ,he was a resident of 
,sydney1 ,nova ,scotia4    ,careful     
examination of the steel was made after 
the accident and while  a number of     
theories have been advanced to explain  
the failure nothing  definite can be    
determined4    ,the collapse will not   
delay construction materially as the    
wreckage has  been cleared away and new 

trusses are rapidly being built4        
,,where ,,quebec ,,leads4      ,not only
 does ,quebec take effective measures   
against fire in her  forest lands1 but  
she takes effective measures to keep the
 forests  in perpetuation1 where they do
 not cover cultivable land4 ,quebec     
some years ago established a provincial 
nursery1 and this year1 in  addition to 
the young trees planted on ,crown lands1
 the provincial  nursery shipped        
#djj1jjj seedlings to pulp and paper    
companies which  are reafforesting the  
lands they have cut over4 ,the          
,laurentide company  alone bought       
#bej1jjj of these young trees4 ,a large 
number were sold to  other pulp and     
paper companies and to private          
individuals4 ,the ,perthius  seignory   
alone bought #ej1jjj seedlings this     
year2 and this is the  sixth year in    
succession during which trees have been 
bought from the  province for use in    
this seignory4--,hamilton ,herald4      
,,regulations ,,re ,,wet ,,pulp4        

,with regard to the importation of wet  
sulphite wood-pulp from ,canada  and the
 ,united ,states1 according to a        
bulletin just issued by the ,trade  and 
,commerce ,department1 the ,british     
,royal ,commission on ,paper have       
decided that where they are satisfied   
that this pulp contains moisture  in    
excess of the quantity contained in     
ordinary dry pulp1 they will  grant     
licenses for that excess up to1 but not 
exceeding1 #dj per cent4  of the total  
weight1 in the case of pulp arriving in 
the ,united ,kingdom  after ,august #g4 
,the pulp must be imported on the       
ordinary licenses  issued by the        
commission4 ,the amount of moisture     
excess must be proved  by the           
certificate of a competent chemist4     
,,shingles ,,that ,,will ,,not ,,burn4  
,according to information in the hands  
of the ,west ,coast ,lumbermen's        
,association1 an ,iowa pharmacist after 
seventeen months experimenting1  has    
produced a liquid which makes wooden    

shingles absolutely fireproof4  ,in a   
test of the new fireproofing liquid1    
made at the ,university of  ,iowa by the
 inventor1 a block of wood one-half inch
 thick was saturated  with the          
fireproofing and then placed in running 
water for twenty-four  hours4 ,after    
that it was thoroughly dried again and  
held for one hour  over a ,bunsen       
burner1 which had a temperature of      
between #gjj and #a1jjj  degrees        
,fahrenheit1 that being a much greater  
heat1 it is said1 than is  developed in 
a conflagration4 ,the wood was not      
burned and only charred  very slightly  
at the point of the flame4 ,the new     
compound is reported  to be sufficiently
 low in cost to make it practical in    
connection with  shingle manufacture1   
and when a shingle is saturated the     
moisture drys  out1 leaving an insoluble
 mineral fireproofing substance in the  
fibre  cells of the wood1 which cannot  
be washed out with water and is said    
absolutely to prevent combustion4       

,,to ,,visit ,,canada4      ,a special  
trade commission from ,australia which  
will investigate  overseas methods of   
manufacture and production1 and         
conditions of  employment1 in timber1   
paper1 iron and other industries will   
shortly  come to ,canada4 ,the          
commission will be composed of experts1 
an equal  number of representatives of  
capital and labor being arranged for4   
,they  will also visit the ,united      
,states4           99       99       99 
99       99    ,two new wet machines are
 being placed in the ,foley pulp mill at
  ,thorold and a new grinder has been   
installed in the ,davey mill1 which  is 
connected with the ,foley plant and will
 shortly be operated in  conjunction    
with it4           99       99       99 
99       99    ,waste hemlock tanbark   
remaining after tannin is extracted is  
being used  by a number of mills in     
place of between #cj and #dj of         
expensive rag  stock ordinarily used in 
making felt roofing4           99       

99       99       99       99    ,a4 ,a4
 ,mc,diarmid1 has resigned his position 
as chief engineer on the  ,mattagami    
,pulp and ,paper ,co41 ,toronto1 and is 
now engaged in special  work at ,sault  
,ste4 ,marie4          ,,our ,,pulp     
,,and ,,paper ,,exports4      ,the      
increase in the exports of paper1 wood  
for pulp and pulp for the  twelve months
 ending ,june last is #bc4h per cent4   
,to a considerable  extent this is due  
to advancing prices4 ,it will be noticed
 that the  export of wood pulp during   
the period of the twelve months in      
question  has declined slightly4 ,there 
is more wood available at the present   
time  than a few months ago4 ,northern  
,ontario points report the most acute   
shortage1 although the situation there  
has improved somewhat4                  
#aiae4         #aiaf4      #aiaf4       
,to ,britain4    ,to ,u4,s4      ,paper 
#af1bjj1fce   #ba1bef1bif   #a1jcb1ghf  
#ag1gei1jah      ,pulpwood              
#f1dfc1abe     #f1ajb1agj         ----  

#f1ajb1agj      ,wood pulp              
#i1beg1jcf    #ab1bbj1ihh      #fgb1fgc 
#aj1gic1fdg                  -----------
   -----------   ----------             
-----------          ,total             
#ca1ibj1gif   #ci1egi1ded   #a1gje1dei  
#cd1fed1hce          ,,pulp ,,and       
,,paper ,,news      ,mr4 ,h4 ,moore1    
secretary of the ,clements ,paper ,co41 
,nashville1 ,tenn41  spent a few days in
 ,toronto and ,montreal recently calling
 upon the  trade4    ,w4 ,j4 ,gage1     
,president of ,w4 ,j4 ,gage and ,co41   
,toronto and the ,kinleith  ,paper ,co41
 ,st4 ,catharines1 has been awarded     
#d1jjj damages by  ,arbitrator ,p4 ,h4  
,brayton in his claim against the city  
of ,toronto4  ,in connection with the   
,bathurst street hill improvements a    
retaining  wall was built which stood   
against the ,gage property and the      
latter  contended that the site should  
be treated as a business location4 ,mr4 
,gage witnesses declared that the damage
 done was several times more  than what 

has been awarded4 ,the official         
arbitrator took the view that  the land 
occupied by the retaining wall should be
 paid for and no more  and handed out   
judgment accordingly4    ,at the annual 
meeting held recently in ,toronto1 the  
report of the  directors and the annual 
financial statement of the ,spanish     
,river ,paper  ,mills1 ,limited1 which  
have already been published in these    
columns1  were presented4 ,the          
improvement in the company's position   
was favorably  commented upon4 ,george  
,h4 ,mead was re-elected president1 ,p4 
,b4 ,wilson1  ,vice-president1 ,thomas  
,gibson1 ,secretary and ,a4 ,h4 ,chitty1
 ,treasurer4    ,so serious has become  
the shortage of news print in ,winnipeg1
 that  the newspapers of that city have 
discontinued giving free copies to      
employees while all correspondents have 
been cut off and no free  exchanges to  
other newspapers are given4    ,the     
district fire rangers around ,port      
,arthur have returned to their  homes   

having concluded their duties for the   
present season4 ,the loss  from fires in
 the ,thunder ,bay district this year   
was the smallest on  record4    ,john   
,rumelhart1 who was convicted of having 
stolen pulp wood in his  possession1 was
 sentenced at ,port ,arthur to          
twenty-six months in the  penitentiary4 
,in passing sentence upon him ,sir      
,glenholme ,falconbridge  stated that   
the rights of pulp wood owners must be  
respected4 ,the pulp  wood in question  
was from a storage room of the ,horrigan
 ,co41 which was  located at ,black     
,bay4    ,the engagement is announced of
 ,miss ,edna ,frances1 daughter of ,mr4 
and  ,mrs4 ,frank ,e4 ,mutton1 ,toronto1
 to ,flight ,lieutenant ,arthur ,w4     
,kilgour1  youngest son of ,mr4 ,robert 
,kilgour of ,toronto1 ,president of the 
,trent  ,river ,paper ,co41 ,frankford1 
,ont4 ,miss ,mutton left this week for  
,bombay1  ,india1 where the marriage    
will take place4    ,herbert ,c4        
,jarvis1 ,general ,manager of the       

,empire ,wall ,paper ,co41  ,limited1   
,toronto1 states that the price of all  
materials entering in  the manufacture  
of wall paper1 has increased by leaps   
and bounds during  the past few months  
and the end is not yet in sight4 ,a few 
months ago  prices were advanced and the
 company expected that this increase    
would  result in decreased sales but on 
the contrary the demand is steadily     
growing4 ,with the large contracts which
 the firm have1 ,mr4 ,jarvis says  that 
he hopes to maintain net prices about   
the same as are today4    ,a charter has
 been granted to ,canadian ,wood        
,products1 ,limited1 with  headquarters 
in ,toronto and a share capital of      
#dj1jjj4 ,the company  is empowered to  
manufacture and deal in lumber1 pulp and
 other forest  products4    ,ald4 ,a4   
,h4 ,stratton1 of ,peterboro1 who was   
for many years engaged in  the          
stationery and wall paper business in   
that city and is a brother  of the late 
,hon4 ,j4 ,r4 ,stratton1 proprietor of  

the ,peterboro ,examiner1  has1 in      
company with his brother-in-law1 ,t4 ,f4
 ,matthews1 purchased  the plant and    
business of the ,review ,printing and   
,publishing ,co41  ,peterboro1 which has
 been in liquidation4 ,the ,review is   
one of the  oldest in ,ontario being    
established in #ahec by the ,whites who 
later  became owners of the ,montreal   
,gazette4    ,the wholesale paper       
business in ,montreal formerly carried  
on by ,john ,r4  ,mac,gregor has been   
taken over by ,john ,r4 ,mac,gregor and 
,thomas ,harkness  and is now conducted 
under the name of the                   
,mac,gregor-,harkness ,paper ,co4       
,port ,arthur is to have a large        
sulphite plant1 a free site being  given
 the company on the north water front1  
of some 99#j acres4 ,an  agreement has  
been entered into between the           
corporation and has several  and astern 
capitalists4 ,the bylaw will be soon    
voted upon by the  ratepayers4 ,the     
first unit is to be started within      

thirty days after  the carrying of the  
measure1 and be completed and in        
operation within  one year4 ,it will    
have a capacity of fifty tons a day and1
 inside of  five years1 the capacity is 
to be increased to one hundred and fifty
  tons whereupon the company will       
receive a deed for a further tract of   
land of ninety-seven and one half acres4
 ,it is expected that by the  time the  
complete mill of one hundred and fifty  
tons is finished the  outlay on         
buildings and equipment will be in the  
neighborhood of five  million dollars4  
,it was stated recently1 both in reports
 on the street and in some  newspapers  
that ,hon4 ,g4 ,howard ,ferguson1       
,minister of ,lands1 ,forests  and      
,mines for ,ontario had entered into a  
secret deal with a large  paper company 
of ,appleton1 ,wis41 enabling that      
concern to export pulp  from eight      
thousand acres of ,crown lands in the   
,thunder ,bay district1  for manufacture
 in the ,united ,states4 ,it was rumored

 that the law  compelling all pulp wood 
on ,ontario ,crown lands to be first    
turned into  pulp or paper in the       
province1 before being sent out of the  
country1  had been set aside by the     
simple provision of selling the land to 
the  ,appleton firm4 ,hon4 ,mr4         
,ferguson has given an emphatic denial  
to the  charge1 in which he stated there
 is not a word of truth1 and adds  that 
no suggestion had ever been made to him 
to allow pulp wood to be  exported4 ,he 
pointed out1 in connection with tenders 
now being called  for the right to cut  
pulp wood and other timber on the ,pic  
river and  other territory in the       
,thunder ,bay district covering about   
#a1djj square  miles that the provisions
 clearly state that the successful      
bidder must  erect a pulp mill with a   
minimum capacity of one hundred and     
fifty  tons daily which1 with its       
equipment1 must cost not less than a    
million  dollars1 and also a paper mill 
with a capacity of one hundred tons a   

day4 ,the tenders for the ,pic ,river   
concession close on ,december #ast4     
,thomas ,gain1 sales manager of the ,don
 ,valley ,paper ,mills1 ,toronto1 who   
has been ill for some time1 is able to  
be around again and attend to  his      
duties4    ,rev4 ,dr4 ,a4 ,c4 ,crews1   
who is editor of the ,sunday ,school    
publications  of the ,methodist ,book   
and ,publishing ,house1 ,toronto1 has   
been elected  president of the ,toronto 
,chess ,club4    ,charles ,v4 ,syrett1  
of the ,victoria paper and ,twine ,co41 
,toronto1 has  returned from a motor    
trip to ,erie1 ,cleveland and other     
cities4 ,he also  visited the mills of  
the ,hammermill ,paper ,co4    ,thomas  
,wark1 who for some time has been       
superintendent of the ,deferiet  mill of
 the ,st4 ,regis ,paper ,co41 has       
resigned his position to enter  upon his
 new duties as superintendent of the    
,st4 ,maurice ,paper ,co4 at  ,cap      
,madeleine1 ,que4    ,a charter has been
 granted to the ,w4 ,e4 ,gallagher      

,printing ,co41  ,limited1 with a       
capital stock of fifteen thousand       
dollars and  headquarters in ,kitchener1
 ,ont4 to engage in printing1           
publishing1  engraving1 book-binding1   
etc4 as well as to deal in paper boxes  
and  stationery4 ,the incorporators of  
the company are ,w4 ,e4 ,gallagher1 ,a4 
,b4  ,robertson and ,c4 ,e4 ,cornell4   
,,laurentide ,,power ,,company4      ,an
 offering is being made of #a1ejj1jjj   
,laurentide ,power bonds at #ij  and    
interest4    ,the segregation of the    
,laurentide 7,paper7 ,company's water   
powers last  year1 to the ,laurentide   
,power ,company1 created a new and very 
powerful  factor in the hydro-electric  
situation in the ,province of ,quebec1  
and  particularly as regards ,montreal4 
,the new company was formed by the      
,laurentide 7,paper7 ,company1 with a   
capitalization of #g1ejj1jjj of common  
shares1 and the money derived  from the 
sale #e par value of first 7closed7     
mortgage bonds1 due #aidf1  and         

#aj1ejj1jjj of these securities was used
 to finance the development  of the     
water power to a present capacity of    
#abe1jjj horse-power4                   
,,canada',s ,,paper ,,exports4      ,in 
the year ended ,june #cj1 #aiaf1        
,canada's exports of paper were of a    
total value of #ba1bef1bif1 as against  
#af1bjj1fce in the corresponding  period
 in #aiae4 ,of this former amount       
#ag1gei1jah worth or more than  the     
total value of the #aiae export was sent
 to the ,united ,states4                
,,cheaper ,,dyes4      ,as a result of a
 discovery made at the ,forest ,products
 ,laboratory at  ,madison cheaper dyes  
are now available in the ,united        
,states4 ,it has  been found that dyes  
made of osage orange wood are a         
commercial success  and can be placed on
 the market at a considerably less cost 
than  foreign-made dyes can be          
purchased4 ,carloads of the wood are now
 in  transit1 consigned to eastern      
extract plants4           99       99   

99       99       99    ,the anti union 
,presbyterians are talking of           
establishing a weekly paper  to forward 
their cause4 ,the matter is being       
seriously taken up by the  ,publication 
on ,committee and the new paper will    
likely be a weekly4          ,,want ,,to
 ,,buy ,,donnacona4      ,according to a
 press despatch from ,watertown1 ,n4,y4 
as the ,pulp and  ,paper ,magazine was  
going to press the following story      
regarding the  attempted purchase of the
 ,donnacona ,paper ,company appeared3-- 
,the ,donnacona ,paper ,company1 with   
mills located at ,donnacona1 ,quebec1   
thirty miles from ,quebec ,city in the  
,st4 ,lawrence river1 is the prize  now 
sought by the ,french syndicate of      
,parisian newspaper publishers who      
failed some time ago to secure control  
of the ,remington ,paper and ,power     
,company's group of mills near here4    
,the ,french interests were unable to   
get permission from the ,government     
boards of ,france to send money from    

that country to the ,united ,states  in 
time to close the deal before their     
option expired4    ,the ,donnacona mills
 is a new mill1 having been in operation
 but a year4  ,it has an output of one  
hundred tons of paper a day4 ,a feature 
that  appeals to the fact that pulpwood 
can be bought much cheaper in ,canada   
than on this side4    ,g4 ,h4 ,p4       
,gould1 paper mill magnate and owner of 
the ,st4 ,regis and ,gould  ,paper      
,companies1 is president of the         
,donnacona company1 with ,walter ,n4    
,kernan1 of ,new ,york1 vice-president4 
,,an ,,american ,,view      ,according  
to an ,american exchange the following  
are the facts relating  to ,canada's    
pulp and paper industry3--    ,the new  
mills planned and in course of          
construction1 and the extensions  to    
existing ones1 will1 if carried out as  
intended1 add a per-diem  capacity of   
#hdj tons of newsprint before the end of
 #aiah4 ,during the  twelve months ended
 ,march last the amount of printing     

paper exported  was #dfc1bjd tons1 or at
 the rate of #a1edd tons per day1 as    
compared  with a tonnage of #bib1egi1 or
 #ige tons per day1 in the corresponding
  period ended ,march1 #aiad4           
,,international ,,paper ,,increases     
,,dividend      ,the ,international     
,paper ,company doubled its dividend    
last week by  declaring a quarterly     
distribution of #a per cent41 or #d per 
cent4 per  annum on the preferred stock1
 as compared with the #b per cent4      
annual  rate maintained since #aijh4    
,there is #bb1djg1jjj of the preferred  
outstanding4          ,,buying          
,,canadian ,,mills4      ,n4 ,m4 ,jones 
of ,bangor1 ,maine announces that at a  
conference of  capitalists in ,new      
,york1 from which he has just returned1 
the sale of  the largest pulp and paper 
mill in the ,canadian ,maritime         
,provinces  to a syndicate of ,maine and
 ,new ,york men was arranged4 ,the      
property1  for which it is said         
#b1jjj1jjj will be paid includes mills  

at the  ,reversing ,falls1 near ,st4    
,john1 ,n4,b41 and large timber lands in
 ,new  ,brunswick4 ,the syndicate       
includes ,hugh ,chisholm of ,portland1  
,president  of the ,oxford ,paper       
,company1 and ,maynard ,s4 ,bird1 also  
of ,portland4          ,,protect ,,your 
,,wire ,,rope ,,when ,,not ,,in ,,use4  
,when a shipment of wire rope is        
received and is not to be placed        
immediately into service1 see that it is
 stored away in a place  protected from 
the weather and any acid fumes4 ,it is  
advisable to coat  the outside layer of 
the reel or coil with a good lubricant4 
,the ,markets    7,special to ,pulp     
,paper ,magazine47      ,,canadian      
,,markets    ,the news print situation  
is now the livest subject among the     
trade and  the seriousness of conditions
 is being brought home to publishers as 
never before4 ,the mills are not as     
alleged by some responsible for it  all4
 ,while the war is unjustly charged with
 many ills in the way of  trade         

disturbances1 to attribute the present  
state of affairs entirely  to the       
hostilities in ,europe is quite correct1
 so far as ,canada is  concerned4       
,hundreds of men have joined the colors 
leaving most of the  plants short of    
help and owing to abnormal demand and   
the embargoes  which prevail1           
abroad--all due to the war1--there is   
not enough of that  very necessity      
commodity--white paper--to go around4   
,this in brief is1  the exact state of  
affairs4 ,in the past ,canadian mills   
were looking  for a market for their    
surplus product and were glad to make   
contracts  covering a long period of    
time4 ,news print was looked upon as    
staple  and the variation in price from 
year to year was small indeed4 ,now the 
manufacturers do not know which way to  
turn4 ,they could sell as much  again as
 they are marketing if they had the     
productive facilities but  of late      
months they have not been able to 8pile 
up reserves01 as the  banks state1 and  

the stocks on hand are rapidly          
diminishing4    ,the average publisher  
has read a great deal about this        
condition of  affairs but as there have 
been so many extravagant reports in all 
lines  prevailing during this stirring  
period1 he did not think there was  much
 truth in the statement4 ,it was only   
when the newspaper men tried  to renew  
contracts that he realized for the first
 time he was face to  face with a       
situation such as he has never been up  
against4 ,there is  no use blaming it on
 the mills4 ,they have done the best    
they could  under most trying           
circumstances4 ,they are running their  
plants to full  capacity and they have  
not unduly taken advantage of the       
situation to  boost prices in ,canada4  
,the increase asked is infinitesimal to 
what the  makers can obtain for their   
product on the other side4    ,the story
 is going the rounds1 and so far has not
 been denied1 that one  of the big new  
plants of ,canada was approached by     

,american interests  who offered to take
 the whole of its output for the coming 
year at four  and a half one cents at   
the mill but the proposition flattering 
as it  was1 was turned down as the firm 
would not under any circumstances  break
 faith with ,canadian customers4 ,some  
sixty per cent4 of the large  newspapers
 whose contracts are now being carried  
until the end of the  year and will have
 to be renewed are on the anxious seat4 
,a special meeting of the ,canadian     
,press ,association was held in         
,toronto last week at which there was a 
large attendance4 ,the situation  was   
thoroughly gone into4 ,the statement was
 made that the output in  ,canada is now
 some eighteen hundred tons a day1 yet  
only one sixth is  consumed in the      
,dominion1 the bulk of the product being
 exported to  the ,united ,states4 ,a   
deputation was sent to ,ottawa to       
interview the  ,minister of ,finance1   
,sir ,thomas ,white4 ,there             
representatives of the  pulp and paper  

interest were also assembled and the    
whole situation  was gone thoroughly    
into4 ,the result was that an offer was 
made by the  news print makers of three 
cents1 f4o4b4 mill4 ,this applies to    
large  contracts and on smaller the     
figures may be higher4 ,it was pointed  
out by the paper manufacturers1 that    
everything entering into the  production
 of news print has gone up from #be to  
four hundred per cent4  and that labor  
has advanced about twenty-five per cent4
    ,the upshot of the whole matter is  
that the newspaper publishers and  the  
mill operators have appointed such      
committees which who will go            
exhaustively into the problem4 ,a joint 
meeting will be held at an early  date  
before ,r4 ,w4 ,breadner1 who is the    
tariff expert for the ,dominion  and the
 question of supply1 cost and future    
outlook will be canvassed  thoroughly4  
,this meeting will be held in ,ottawa   
and if an amicable  arrangement cannot  
be reached1 the federal authorities may 

fix the  selling price4    ,one         
interesting statement was made at the   
conference and that was  if the fifty to
 sixty per cent4 increase went into     
effect on new  contracts1 it would mean 
an annual extra cost to ,canadian       
newspapers  of about two million        
dollars4 ,one peculiar feature is that  
while  publishers are talking of        
increased cost of producing papers the  
weekly newspaper men are the only ones  
who have so far raised their            
subscription rates4 ,the increase is    
from one dollar to one dollar and  half 
a year4 ,a few dailies that have been   
selling at three dollars in  the smaller
 cities have jumped their subscription  
price to four dollars  but the larger   
dailies still continued to be delivered 
at the old price  and the wonder is why 
the proprietors do not raise the figure 
for same4    ,in the book and writing   
line prices are stiff and are now fully 
fifty  per cent4 higher than they were a
 year ago4 ,the producers think there   

will be no further raise for some months
 and in view of abnormal  conditions    
generally the users of these kinds of   
papers appear to be  satisfied that the 
mills are not asking too much4 ,tissue  
plants are  running away behind in      
orders and have business enough on hand 
to keep  them going for the next four   
months even if no more orders were      
placed  with them4 ,the jobbers report  
that business is good and the demand for
  all lines of paper keeps up well4     
,there has been an advance on 8,b0      
manilla but other lines of wrappings and
 kraft remain unchanged4    ,ground wood
 pulp is in strong requisition and many 
inquiries for the  commodity can not be 
bought filled4 ,the price now quoted at 
the mill is  from twenty-eight dollars  
up and some deliveries in ,wisconsin and
 other  states have brought as high as  
thirty-five dollars4 ,easy bleaching    
sulphite is now sold at one hundred and 
twenty dollars at the mill and  some    
large business has been placed at this  

figure4 ,sulphate pulp  is quoted at one
 hundred and twenty dollars at the mill 
and is going  higher all the time4 ,very
 little is being offered4    ,in the rag
 and paper stock market manilla1 krafts1
 whites and mixed  papers are all in    
strong demand and there is a good       
business being  done4 ,the market for   
cotton and roofing rags is rather quiet4
 ,the  outlook for fall trade at firm   
prices is most promising4    ,there has 
been an increase of a cent a pound on   
all natural1 bleached  and half bleached
 grease proof4 ,genuine vegetable       
parchment is now  quoted from twenty to 
twenty-five cents4 ,it is likely that   
the latter  will be made in ,ontario    
before very long4 ,since the war broke  
out and  certain mills turned their     
attention to making specialties and     
former  brands of paper that have been  
imported1 the manufacturers of these    
are not sorry that they took the step4  
,their goods now have achieved a  fixed 
place in the favor of customers4        

,board of all kinds has taken a jump of 
about fifteen per cent4 and  the mills  
are a way behind in their orders4 ,the  
following prices will  prevail until the
 end of the year and are based on the   
minimum quantity  of car load lots--grey
 folding pulp board #ajj2 folding pulp  
#ij2 pulp  non bending #hj2 pulp non    
bending lined on side #ij2 filled board 
plain  #hj2 filled board lined one side 
#he2 filled board 7chip mills7 #gh2     
jute1 chip1 straw and straw chip #gj2   
same lined one side #ge4    ,the        
following are the ,toronto prices3      
,paper4        ,news 7rolls7 #c4jj up1  
at mill1 in carload lots4      ,news    
7sheets71 #c4be and higher for small    
lots1 at mill1          in carload lots4
      ,book papers 7carload71 ,no4 #c1  
#g4jj4      ,book papers 7ton lots71    
,no4 #c1 #g4jj;c to #h4jj;c4      ,book 
papers 7carload71 ,no4 #b1 #h4ej;c to   
#i4jj;c4      ,book papers 7ton lots71  
,no4 #b1 #h4ge;c to #i4ej;c4      ,book 
papers 7carload71 ,no4 #a1 #i4jj;c to   

#i4ge;c4      ,book papers 7ton lots71  
,no4 #a1 #i4be;c to #aj4jj;c4           
,sulphite bonds1 #aa cents up4          
,writings1 #i cents up4        ,grey    
,browns                                 
#c4ge to #d4be      ,fibre              
#f4ej to #g4ej      ,manila1 ,no4 #a    
#g4jj to #h4jj      ,manila1 ,b4        
#e4jj to #f4jj      ,unglazed ,kraft    
#h4ej to #i4ej      ,glazed ,kraft      
#i4jj to #aj4jj      ,tissues1 bleached 
#a4fj to #b4cj      ,tissues1 7manila or
 white sulphite7      #a4bj to #a4fj    
,tissues1 cap4                          
#hj;c to #a4ae      ,natural1           
greaseproof                             
#ac;c to #ah;c      ,half ,bleached     
,greaseproof                    #ae;c to
 #ai;c      ,bleached greaseproof       
#ag;c to #ba;c      ,genuine ,vegetable 
,parchment                  #bb;c to    
#be;c      ,drug papers1 whites and     
tints                 #i;c to #ab;c     
,paper bags1 ,manila                    
#cj discount4      ,paper bags1 kraft   

#ae discount4      ,confectionery bags  
#ae discount4      ,pulp4               
,f4,o4,b4 ,mill4      ,ground woodpulp  
#ca4jj to #cb4jj      ,easy ,bleaching  
,sulphite               #f;c            
,sulphite1 news grade           #e;c to 
#e;c      ,sulphite 7bleached7          
#h;c to #h;c      ,sulphate             
#f;c      ,paper ,stock        ,no4 #a  
hard shavings                 #d4jj     
,no4 #a soft white shavings             
#c4ej      ,no4 #a mixed shavings       
#hj;c      ,white blanks                
#a4ce      ,heavy ledger stock          
#b4ce      ,no4 #a book stock           
#a4eg      ,no4 #a ,manila envelope     
cuttings      #b4bj      ,no4 #a print  
,manilas                 #a4be          
,folded news                            
#gg      ,over issues                   
#gg      ,no4 #a clean mixed paper      
#fe;c      ,old white cotton            
#d4fe      ,thirds and blue             
#b4ge      ,no4 #a white shirt cuttings 
#g4be      ,black overall cuttings      

#b4ge      ,new light flannelettes      
#e4ej      ,ordinary satinets and flock 
#b4jj      ,tailor ,rags                
#a4ij      ,,montreal ,,markets4        
,book--,news--,writing and ,posters4    
,roll ,news1 #c4jj for carloads         
proportionate increase on small         
lots4        ,sheet ,news1 #c4be        
carloads1 #c4ej up small lots4          
,no4 #a ,book1 #g4ej to #h4be4          
,no4 #b ,book ,s4,c41 #f4ej in large    
quantities2 #g4be in small              
quantities4        ,no4 #c ,book ,f4,m41
 #f4jj in large quantities2 #f4ge in    
small      quantities4        ,writings1
 #f4ie to #aj4        ,writing ,manila1 
#f4ie4        ,cover papers1 #aa to     
#ad;c1 according to colors wanted4      
,colored ,poster1 #f to #g;c4    ,an    
extra charge of #aj;c per #ajj lbs4 will
 be made when ,book ,papers are  packed 
in frames1 and #ae;c per #ajj lbs4 when 
packed in cases4      ,wrapping ,papers4
    ,the following are the new prices on
 wrappings1 effective immediately3      

,car       #a-ton     ,small            
lots4      lots4     lots4      ,beaver1
 ,brown wrap #ajj lbs4                  
#d4jj      #d4be      #d4fj      ,no4 #b
 ,manila 7present stock7 #ajj lbs4      
#d4jj      #d4be      #d4fj      ,samson
 ,b41 #ajj lbs4                         
#e4be      #e4fj      #f4jj      ,no4   
,manila1 ,invincible ,fibre1 #ajj lbs4  
#e4ej      #e4he      #f4be             
,fibre lighter than basis #bdcf--dj1    
down to #bdcf--cj1 #e per          cent4
 extra4 ,this is in addition to the     
usual extra4      ,white ,wray1         
,cleaver1 #ajj lb4               #c4dj  
#c4fe      #c4ij          ,,dyes ,,and  
,,eye ,,fatigue4      ,the shortage of  
dyestuffs since the war has led to      
newsprint and some  other papers being  
made of 8natural0 darker shade of color1
 and the  ,madison laboratory has been  
investigating the question of whether   
this darker color produces any          
additional eye strain or eye fatigue4   
,the investigations show that it does   

not4 ,this is in line with the          
generally-held opinion previously that  
eye fatigue would be even less  where   
paper was not brilliantly white1 on     
account of the lessened  contrast       
between the ink and paper4