,transcrib]'s ,note ,italic text is indicat$ by und]scores1 & bold text by swung da%es4 ,,! ,,cultivation ,,& ,,manufacture ,,( ,,tea4 ,,! ,,cultivation ,,manufacture ,,( ,,tea1 ,,by ,,lieut4-,,col4 ,,edw>d ,,money1 ,,! ,,orig9al ,,manuscript ,,( ,,:i* ,,secur$ ,,! ,,prize ,,( ,,! ,,grant ,,gold ,,m$al ,,& ,rs4 #cjj1 ,,aw>d$ ,,by ,,! ,,agricultural ,,& ,,horticultural ,,society ,,( ,,india ,,9 ,,! ,,ye> #ahga4 ,,f\r? ,,edition1 ,,revis$ ,,& ,,supplem5t$ ,,by ,,additional ,,*apt]s4 ,,london3 ,w4 ,b4 ,,:itt+ham ,,co41 #ia1 ,,grace*ur* ,,/reet4 ,,calcutta3 ,,?ack] ,,co4 #ahhc4 ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,f\r? ,,edition4 ,six new ,*apt]s are add$4 ,s mu* has be5 done 9 ,tea s9ce ,i la/ wrote1 ,i f\nd x impossible to embody all 9 ! =m] book1 & s pref]r$ to give x sep>ately4 ,! new ,*apt]s treat (-- ,,c\ntries ,,outside ,,*9a ,,& ,,india ,,t ,,produce ,,tea4 ,,tea ,,/ati/ics4 ,,m>kets ,,= ,,tea ,,outside ,,great ,,brita94 ,,mak+ ,,indian ,,tea ,,kn[n ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,k+dom4 ,,tea ,,ma*9]y4 ,,weigh+ ,,& ,,bulk+ ,,( ,,indian ,,teas ,,at ,,cu/om ,,h\se4 ,a sep>ate & full ,index ( ! subjects treat$ ( 9 ! additions to ?is ,f\r? ,edition w be f\nd at ! end ( ! ,book4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,,ea/ ,,india ,,club1 ,,/4 ,,james',s ,,squ>e1 ,july1 #ahhc4 ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,?ird ,,edition4 ,! exp]i5ce ( f\r m ye>s1 :i* includes six mon?s' resid5ce 9 ! ,neilgh]ries1 is embodi$ 9 ! foll[+1 :ile ! :ole ( ! lett]-press ( ! ,second ,edition has be5 correct$ & revis$4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,,london1 ,april1 #ahgh4 ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,second ,,edition4 ,?ree ye>s' fur!r exp]i5ce1 & visit+ two ,tea di/ricts ,i _h n se5 be=e1 h enabl$ me to am5d :atev] 0 faulty 9 ! ,fir/ ,edition4 ,! :ole has be5 revis$1 & mu* new matt] is add$ ?r\gh\t4 ,a new ,*apt] at ! end on ! ,pa/1 ! ,pres5t1 & ! ,future ( ,indian ,tea w1 x is hop$1 be f\nd int]e/+4 ,an ,index 7a great want to ! ,fir/ ,edition7 is add$1 s t all in=mation on any po9t c be at once f\nd4 ,! manufacture ( ,gre5 ,tea1 ( :i* ,i 0 ignorant :5 ,i la/ wrote1 is giv51 & ! advisability ( t manufacture is discuss$4 ,9 its pres5t =m ,i hope & believe ?is little "w w be f\nd useful & int]e/+ to all connect$ ) ,tea4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,,d>jeel+1 ,may1 #ahgd4 ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,fir/ ,,edition4 ,! foll[+ ,essay 0 writt5 )1 fir/ly1 ! object ( compet+ = ! ,gold ,m$al & ! ,money ,prize (f]$ by ! ,agricultural & ,horticultural ,society ( ,india = ! be/ treatise on ! cultivation & manufacture ( ,tea2 &1 secondly1 ) ! view ( arrang+ ! hundr$s ( notes on ^! subjects1 :i*1 9 ! c\rse ( elev5 ye>s1 ,i _h collect$4 ,dur+ all ^! ye>s ,i h be5 a ,tea plant]1 mak+ fir/ = myself & o!rs a g>d5 9 ! ,himalayas1 & = ! la/ six ye>s do+ ! same ?+ = myself 9 ! ,*ittagong di/rict4 ,:5ev] ,i h visit$ o!r plantations 7& ,i h se5 a great numb] 9 _m di/ricts71 ,i h br\ght away notes ( all ,i saw4 ,up to ! la/1 at e su* visit1 ,i h le>nt some?+--if r>ely no?+ to foll[1 some?+ at lea/ to avoid4 ,i h n[ te/$ all & ev]y?+ connect$ ) ! cultivation & manufacture ( ,tea by my own exp]i5ce1 & ,i c only hope t :at ,i h writt5 w be f\nd useful to an indu/ry de/9$ yet1 ,i believe1 9 spite ( ! late panic--! natural result ( wild speculation--to play an important "p 9 ,india4 ,i h endeav\r$ to adapt ?is ,essay to ! wants ( a beg9n]1 z !re are _m ( t class n[1 & may yet be m 9 days to come1 :o mu/ feel1 z ,i (t5 h1 ! want ( a really practical "w on ,tea4 ,to ^? :o h ,tea prop]ties 9 unlikely climates & unlikely sites1 ,i w\ld say two words4 ,no view ,i h tak5 ( ! advantages ( diff]5t localities c 9 any way affect ! results ( ent]prises already ent]$ ^u4 ,b if ! note ( w>n+1 s\nd$ 9 ! foll[+ pages1 *ecks fur!r losses 9 ,tea1 already s va/1 :ile x fo/]s ! cultivation on remun]ative sites1 ,i %all n h writt5 9 va94 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,,sungoo ,,riv] ,,plantation1 ,,*ittagong1 ,novemb]1 #ahgj4 ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,pa/ ,,& ,,pres5t ,,f9ancial ,,prospect ,,( ,,tea #a ,,ii4 ,,lab\r1 ,,local ,,& ,,import$ #aj ,,iii4 ,,tea ,,di/ricts ,,& ,,_! ,,comp>ative ,,advantages4 ,,climate1 ,,soil1 ,c41 ,,9 ,,ea* #ac ,,iv4 ,,soil #ca ,v4 ,,nature ,,( ,,jungle #cd ,,vi4 ,,wat] ,,& ,,sanitation #ce ,,vii4 ,,lay ,,( ,,l& #cg ,,viii4 ,,lay+ ,,out ,a ,,g>d5 #db ,,ix4 ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,! ,,tea ,,plant #dg ,x4 ,,tea ,,se$ #ed ,,xi4 ,,comp>ison ,,betwe5 ,,s[+ ,,9 ,,nurs]ies ,,& ,,9 ,,situ #eg ,,xii4 ,,s[+ ,,se$ ,,9 ,,situ1 ,,id ,,e/1 ,,at ,,/ake #ei ,,xiii4 ,,nurs]ies #fb ,,xiv4 ,,manure #fg ,,xv4 ,,di/ances ,,ap>t ,,to ,,plant ,,tea-,,bu%es #ga ,,xvi4 ,,mak+ ,a ,,g>d5 #gc ,,xvii4 ,,transplant+ #gf ,,xviii4 ,,cultivation ,,( ,,made ,,g>d5s #ha ,,xix4 ,,prun+ #hf ,,xx4 ,,:ite ,,ants1 ,,crickets1 ,,& ,,blight #hi ,,xxi4 ,,fill+ ,,up ,,vacancies #ib ,,xxii4 ,,flu%+ ,,& ,,numb] ,,( ,,flu%es #ig ,,xxiii4 ,,leaf-,,pick+ #ajb ,,xxiv4 ,,manufacture4 ,,me*anical ,,contrivances #aji ,,xxv4 ,,sift+ ,,& ,,sort+ #acd ,,xxvi4 ,,boxes4 ,,pack+ #adg ,,xxvii4 ,,managem5t1 ,,acc\nts1 ,,=ms #aeb ,,xxviii4 ,,co/ ,,( ,,manufacture1 ,,pack+1 ,,transport1 ,c4 #afj ,,xxix4 ,,co/ ,,( ,,mak+ ,a #cjj-;,,acre ,,tea ,,g>d5 #afc ,,xxx4 ,,h[ ,,mu* ,,pr(it ,,tea ,,c ,,give #afh ,,xxxi4 ,,! ,,pa/1 ,,pres5t1 ,,& ,,future ,,( ,,indian ,,tea #agd ,,xxxii4 ,,c\ntries ,,outside ,,*9a ,,& ,,india ,,t ,,produce ,,tea #ahc ,,xxxiii4 ,,/ati/ics ,,reg>d+ ,,indian ,,tea #aid ,,xxxiv4 ,,m>kets ,,outside ,,great ,,brita9 #bjg ,,xxxv4 ,,mak+ ,,indian ,,tea ,,kn[n ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,k+dom #bah ,,xxxvi4 ,,tea ,,ma*9]y #bbb ,,xxxvii4 ,,weigh+ ,,& ,,bulk+ ,,( ,,indian ,,teas ,,at ,,cu/om ,,h\se #bgb ,,add5da ,,to ,,?ird ,,edition #bic ,,index #bii ,,prize ,,essay ,,on ,,! ,,cultivation ,,& ,,manufacture ,,( ,,tea ,,9 ,,india4 ,,premium1 ,,?ree ,,hundr$ ,,rupees ,,& ,,! ,,grant ,,gold ,,m$al4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,pa/ ,,& ,,pres5t ,,f9ancial ,,prospects ,,( ,,tea4 ,w ,tea pay8 ,c]ta9ly1 on a suitable site1 & 9 a good ,tea climate2 equally c]ta9ly n 9 a bad locality ) o!r drawbacks4 ,:y1 !n1 has ,tea only paid dur+ ! la/ few ye>s 787 ,simply because no?+ w pay1 :i* is emb>k$ on )\t ! requisite k2 & ?is 0 pre-em95tly ! case ) ,tea4 ,no?+ 0 kn[n ( ,tea =m]ly1 :5 ev]ybody ru%$ into x2 n mu* is kn[n ev5 n[4 ,/ill1 ) ^? drawbacks & _m o!rs1 ! ent]prise has surviv$1 & x is v c]ta9 ! day w nev] come t ,tea cultivation w cease 9 ,india4 ,i believe !re is no?+ w pay bett] ?an ,tea1 if emb>k$ on ) ! necess>y k 9 suitable places1 b fail+ ei!r ( ^! success mu/ n be hop$ =4 ,x 0 madness to expect aught b ru91 "u ! conditions :i* ! cultivation 0 ent]$ on 9 ! ,tea-fev] days4 ,p :o _h fail$ 9 ev]y?+ else 7 ?\ght q compet5t to make plantations4 ',tis true ,tea 0 s entirely a new ?+ at t "t1 b few c\ld be f\nd :o _h any k ( x4 ,/ill1 _h manag]s ) "s practice 9 agriculture be5 *os51 ! end w\ld n h be5 s disa/r\s4 ,b any "o--lit]ally any "o--0 tak51 & tea plant]s 9 ^? days 7 a /range m$ley ( retir$ or ca%i]$ army & navy (fic]s1 m$ical m51 eng9e]s1 vet]9>y surgeons1 /eam] capta9s1 *emi/s1 %op-keep]s ( all k9ds1 /able-keep]s1 us$-up policem51 cl]ks1 & goodness kn[s :o besides6 ,is x /range ! ent]prise fail$ 9 _! h&s8 ,w\ld x n h be5 mu* /rang] if x _h n8 ,?is 0 only "o ( ! _m necessities = failure4 ,i call !m 8necessities0 z !y appe> to h be5 s indu/ri\sly s\ght aft] 9 "s cases4 ,i mu/ detail !m %ortly1 = to expatiate on !m w\ld fill a book4 ,no g>d5 %\ld exce$ #ejj acres "u ,tea4 ,if highly cultivat$ "o ( ev5 half t size w pay enorm\sly1 f> bett] ?an a l>g] area ) l[ cultivation4 ,add1 say1 #djj acres = *>coal1 c41 mak+ #ijj or say #a1jjj acres ! outside area t c be requir$1 & ! outside t %\ld ev] h be5 pur*as$ = any "o e/ate4 ,in/ead ( ?is1 individuals & ,companies ru%+ into ,tea b\ght tracts ( five1 t51 fifte51 & tw5ty ?\s& acres4 ,! idea 0 t1 ?\gh x might n be all cultivat$1 by tak+ up s l>ge an area all ! local lab\r :]e !re 0 any w\ld be secur$4 ,(t51 h[ev]1 ^! l>ge tracts 7 pur*as$ :]e local lab\r !re 0 none1 & :at ! object !re 0 is a my/]y4 ,i conceive1 h[ev]1 !re 0 a hazy idea t if #ejj acres paid well1 #a1jjj w\ld pay d\ble1 & t ev5tually ev5 two or ?ree ?\s& acres w\ld be put "u ,tea & make ! =tunate possessor a millionaire4 ,9 %ort1 !re 7 no b\nds1 9 fancy1 to ! size a g>d5 might be made1 & ?us loss ,no4 #b took place :5 absurdly l>ge areas 7 b\ght ( ! ,gov]nm5t & l>ge areas cultivat$4 ,! only fair rules = ! sale ( wa/e l&s 7 ^? ( ,"l ,cann+1 :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate at home1 :o c\ld "k no?+ ( ! subject1 *ose to modify & upset4 ,in/ead ( ,rs4 #b-h p] acre = all wa/e l&s 7by no means a l[ price1 :5 ! co/ ( l& 9 ! ,colonies is consid]$7 & t ! applicant = ! l& 7:o _h1 p]haps1 sp5t mon?s seek+ = x7 %\ld h x1 ! illib]al & unju/ me?od ( putt+ ! l& up to auction ) an upset price ( ,rs4 #b-h 0 adopt$1 ! un=tunate seek]1 f9d]1 & applicant1 ?r\gh ^: lab\r ! l& _h be5 f\nd1 hav+ no advantage ov] any o!r bidd]4 ,! be/1 at lea/ ! mo/ successful plan 9 ^? days1 ?\gh z unfair & illib]al z ! ,gov]nm5t action1 0 to wait till "s "o1 :o 0 suppos$ to "k :at good ,tea l& 01 appli$ = a piece1 & !n bid half an anna m ?an he did1 & ?us secure x4 ,x paid mu* bett] ?an hunt+ ab\t = oneself1 & x 0 k9d & consid]ate on ! "p ( ,gov]nm5t to devise su* a plan6 ,9 ^? fev] days1 ) ! auction sy/em1 l&s almo/ always sold f> above _! value4 ,! mo/ absurd prices1 ,rs4 #aj & upw>ds p] acre1 7 sometimes paid = wild jungle l&s4 ,tracts1 :i* natives c\ld h1 & 9 "s cases did lease f ,gov]nm5t = inconceivably small sums1 repres5t+1 say1 at ?irty ye>s' pur*ase1 #d annas p] acre1 7 put up = auction ) a limit ( ,rs4 #b-h1 & sold p]haps at ,rs4 #h or #aj p] acre4 ,_h ! ,gov]nm5t giv5 l& gratis to ,tea cultivators ! policy w\ld h be5 a wise "o4 ,to d :at !y did 0 sc>cely act+ up to _! pr(ess$ wi% 8to develope ! res\rces ( ! c\ntry40 ,s9ce ! above 0 writt51 new rules h be5 publi%$ = ! sale ( wa/e l&s4 ,! objectionable auction sy/em is cont9u$1 & ! upset price is mu* enhanc$1 z foll[s3-- ,s*$ule ( ,rates ( ,upset ,prices4 ,upset price p] acre4 ,di/ricts ( ! ,assam ,division ,rs4 #h ,di/ricts ( ,ca*> & ,sylhet #h ,di/ricts ( ! ,*ittagong ,division #f ,di/ricts ( ! ,*ota ,nagpore ,division #e ,! ,soond]buns #e ,all o!r ,di/ricts #aj ,x is n likely t ,gov]nm5t w sell mu* l& at su* exorbitant rates4#a ,security ( title1 x is g5]ally ?\ght1 is "o ( ! advantages ( buy+ l& f ! ,/ate2 b ,i grieve to /ate my exp]i5ce is t ! rev]se is ! case1 & w s rema9 until ! foll[+ is done3-- ,fir/4 ,! ,gov]nm5t %\ld le>n :at is & :at is n !irs to sell4 ,su* an absurdity1 !n1 z ,gov]nm5t asc]ta9+1 ye>s aft] ! auction1 t !y _h sold l&s !y _h no "r to sell1 c\ld n be4 ,secondly4 ,t be=e l& is sold x be prop]ly survey$ & dem>cat$2 & :at might s easily h be5 done1 & :i* alone w\ld h comp5sat$ = mu* ( bad proc$ure 9 o!r respects1 t ! simple & obvi\s plan be=e ! sale1 ( s5d+ a ,european (ficial to %[ ! neighb\r+ villag]s & int5d+ pur*as]s ! b\nd>ies ( ! l& to be sold1 be resort$ to4 ,?is la/ simple exp$i5t w\ld h sav$ "s grantees ye>s ( litigation1 & _m a h>d ?\ght ( ! said grantees aga9/ ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,x w\ld naturally occur to any "o at all conv]sant ) ! subject2 b1 alas6 9 ,india ?is is (t5 n ! condition "u :i* laws are made4 ,b !re is ano!r difficulty at ! back ( all ?is4 ,?\gh ! ,wa/e ,l& ,rules enact t ! ,gov]nm5t1 & n ! grantee1 %all be ! def5dant 9 any claim = l& )9 a lot sold1 practically ! said enactm5t 9 no way saves grantees f litigation4 ,claimants = l& always plead t x is n )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ! l& sold1 & ergo ! grantee is made ! def5dant to prove t x is4 ,! villag]s nev] hav+ be5 %[n ! b\nd>ies by any ,gov]nm5t (ficial 7= x is n enact$ 9 ! ,wa/e ,l& ,rules71 ! "q :e!r ! l& claim$ is )9 or )\t ! b\nd>ies is an op5 "o1 n always easily decid$1 & ! suit runs its c\rse4 ,i ev5 "k ( cases :]e1 ?\gh survey has be5 *>g$ = at ! exorbitant rate ( f\r annas an acre1 ! out] b\nd>ies ( ! lot h nev] be5 survey$ at all1 b m]ely copi$ f old ,collectorate maps1 :i* %[$ ! b\nd>ies betwe5 ! zem9d>ee & wa/e l&s4#b ,is x /range1 !n1 if buy+ l&s f ,gov]nm5t is (t5 buy+ litigation1 worry1 loss ( "t & money4 ,9 _m c\ntries1 = example ,prussia 7!re ,i "k x is s1 = ,i h te/$ x aga9 & aga971 !re are (ficial records :i* c & d %[ to :om any l& 9 "q belongs4 ,?is may sc>cely be practicable 9 ,india1 b surely ! "q ( title be+1 z x is1 9 a f> worse /ate 9 ,india ?an 9 mo/ c\ntries1 any *ange w\ld be = ! bett]4 ,anyh[1 ! pres5t mode ! ,gov]nm5t adopts 9 sell+ l&s is a griev\s wrong to ! pur*as]s4 ,words _c describe ! worry & loss "s h suff]$ !reby1 & x might all be s easily avoid$4 ,i h above detail$ two ( ! drawbacks ,tea _h to cont5d ) 9 its infancy2 ! absurdly high price paid = l& 0 ! ?ird4 ,aga91 companies & proprietors ( g>d5s wi%+ to h l>ge areas "u cultivation gave _! manag]s simple ord]s to ext5d1 n judici\sly1 b 9 any case4 ,:at 0 ! result8 ,g>d5s might be se5 9 ^? days ) #bjj acres ( s-call$ cultivation1 b ) #fj or ev5 #gj p] c5t4 vacancies1 9 :i* ! great] "p ( ! lab\r available 0 employ$ 9 cle>+ jungle = #ajj acres fur!r ext5sion 9 ! foll[+ spr+4 ,i h se5 no g>d5 9 ,assam or ,ca*> ) less ?an #bj p] c5t4 vacancies1 _m ) f> m2 & yet mo/ ( !m 7 ext5d+4 ,i d n believe n[ any g>d5 9 all ,india exi/s ) less ?an #ab p] c5t4 vacancies1 b a plantation z full z ?is did n exi/ =m]ly4 ,z ! exp5diture on a g>d5 is 9 direct proportion to ! area cultivat$1 & ! yield ( ,tea likewise 9 direct proportion to ! numb] ( plants1 x foll[s ! c\rse adopt$ 0 ! "o exactly calculat$ to entail ! greate/ exp5diture = ! smalle/ yield4 ,?is unnecess>y1 ?is wilful ext5sion1 0 ! f\r? & a v s]i\s drawback4 ,"u ?is head ! f\r? drawback may also be includ$--! fact t ! we$s 9 all plantations 7 ahead ( ! lab\r2 t is to say1 t g>d5s 7 n kept clean4 ,?is is m or less ev5 ! case to-day2 x 0 ! inv>iable rule !n4 ,! consequ5ce 0 two-fold--fir/1 a small yield ( ,tea2 secondly1 an increas$ exp5diture2 = x is a fact t ! l& fifty m5 c keep always clean1 if ! we$s are nev] all[$ to gr[ to maturity & se$1 w take ne>] "o hundr$ if ! we$s once get ahead4 ,! results1 too1 diff] widely3 9 ! fir/ case ! soil is always cle>2 9 ! second cle> only at int]vals4 ,! fir/1 z obs]v$1 c be accompli%$ ) fifty1 ! latt] w take ne>ly d\ble ! m54 ,! fif? drawback ,i %all adv]t to aga9 lat]1 viz41 ! selection ( slop+ l&1 (t5 ! /eepe/ t c\ld be f\nd1 on :i* to plant ,tea4 ,! great mis*ief ?us entail$ w be fully describ$ else:]e4 ,x 0 ! fif?1 & n ! lea/1 antagoni/ic po9t to success4 ,numb] six 0 ! difficulty 9 ! transport ( se$ to any new locality1 = n9e times out ( t5 a l>ge proportion fail$2 & aga9 ! enorm\s co/ ( ,tea se$ 9 ^? days1 ,rs4 #bjj a maund 7,rs4 #ejj at lea/1 d$uct+ :at fail$1 0 its real price74 ,?is item ( se$ alone entail$ an enorm\s outlay1 & 0 ! six? difficulty ,tea cultivation _h to cont5d )4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 a s\rce ( great pr(it to ! old plantations1 & pr9cipally acc\nts = ! l>ge divid5ds paid = ye>s by ! ,assam ,company4 ,aga91 _m manag]s at t "t _h no exp]i5ce to guide !m 9 ! manufacture ( ,tea2 ea* made x 8 own way1 & (t5 turn$ out mo/ wor?less /uff4 ,!re is great ignorance on ! subject at ! pres5t "t1 b ^? :o "k lea/ to-day1 "k m ?an ! be/ in=m$ 9 ! ,tea-fev] p]iod4 ,indian ,tea 0 a new ?+ !n2 ! supply 0 small1 & x fet*$ comp>atively mu* high] prices ?an x does n[4 ,/ill mu* ( x 0 s bad t ! av]age price all r\nd 0 l[4 ,tea manufacture1 moreov]1 z g5]ally practis$ !n1 0 a mu* m elaborate & exp5sive process ?an x is n[4 ,?is w be expla9$ fur!r on1 "u ! head ( 8,tea ,manufacture20 ,i m]ely n[ /ate ! fact 9 support ( ! ass]tion t ! bad ,tea made 9 ^? days1 & ! exp5sive way x 0 done1 0 ! sev5? h9drance to successful ,tea cultivation4 ,(t5 9 ^? days 0 a small g>d5 made ( #cj or #dj acres1 & sold to a ,company z #aej or #bjj acres6 ,i am n jok+4 ,x 0 done ov] & ov] aga94 ,! price paid1 moreov]1 0 q out ( proportion to ev5 ! suppos$ area4 ,two or ?ree lakhs ( rupees 7#bj1jjjl4 or #cj1jjjl47 h be5 (t5 paid = su* g>d5s1 :5 n m ?an two ye>s old1 & #dj p] c5t4 ( ! exi/+ area1 vacancies4 ,! orig9al cultivators 8retir$0 & ! ,company c>ri$ on4 ,) su* drags ^u !m 7ap>t f all ! o!r drawbacks enum]at$7 c\ld success be ev5 hop$ =8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,i c\ld tell ( m difficulties ! cultivation _h to cont5d ) at ! outset1 b ,i h said en\gh to %[1 z ,i rem>k$1 8t x 0 n /range ,tea ent]prise fail$1 inasmu* z x w\ld h be5 mu* /rang] if x _h n40 ,d any ( ! difficulties enum]at$ exi/ n[8 ,& may a p]son emb>k+ 9 ,tea to-day hope1 ) reasonable hope1 = success8 ,yes1 c]ta9ly1 ,i ?9k z reg>d ! latt]--! =m] let u look into4#c ,p :o und]/& m or less ( ,tea are pl5tiful1 & a good manag]1 :o kn[s ,tea cultivation & ,tea manufacture well1 may be f\nd4 ,x w sc>cely pay to buy l& ( ! ,gov]nm5t at ! pres5t high rates1 b _m p hold l>ge tracts 9 good ,tea localities1 & w\ld readily sell4 ,!re is pl5ty ( flat l& to be got1 s no evil f slopes ne$ be incurr$4 ,tea se$ is pl5tiful & *eap4 ,! manufacture ( ,tea 7?\gh /ill progress+7 is simple1 economical1 & m or less kn[n4 ,anyh[ a beg9n] n[ w comm5ce :]e o!rs h left (f4 ,( c\rse to buy a made g>d5 *eap is bett] ?an to make "o2 b ! result 9 ?is case is ( c\rse no crit]ion ( :at pr(it may be expect$ f ,tea cultivation4 ,z _m ( ! items to be calculat$ "u ! heads ( cultivation1 manufacture1 & receipts w be bett] und]/ood aft] details on ^! subjects are gone into1 ,i %all res]ve ! consid]ation ( 8h[ mu* pr(it ,tea c give0 to ! end ( ?is treatise4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,s9ce ! ,second ,edition w5t to press1 fur!r ,rules = ,wa/e ,l&s h be5 enact$4 ,g5]ally speak+1 !y are only n[ leas$ to applicants4 #b ,i ne$ sc>cely obs]ve x is impossible to def9e l&s f maps alone )\t ! field-book4 #c ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,s9ce ! above 0 writt51 ,teas1 bo? ,indian & ,*9ese1 h _h a heavy fall1 due to ! simple fact t ! supplies h exce$$ ! dem&s4 ,b ) increas$ k & exp]i5ce1 produc]s c af=d to sell *eap]1 & ! pres5t absurdly l[ prices rul+ w1 ,i ?9k1 "w _! own cure4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,lab\r1 ,,local ,,& ,,import$4 ,:5 ! v l>ge am\nt ( lab\r requir$ to c>ry on a plantation is consid]$1 x is evid5t t facilities = x are a s9e qu non to success4 ,assam & ,ca*>1 ! two l>ge/ ,tea di/ricts1 are v ?9ly populat$1 & almo/ entirely dep5d5t on import$ lab\r4#d ,! exp5se ( ?is is great1 & x is ! "o1 & consequ5tly a great drawback to ^? prov9ces4 ,! only di/rict ,i "k ( ) a good ,tea climate & abundance ( local lab\r is ,*ittagong4#e ,sev]al o!r places h a good supply ( local lab\r1 b !n _! climates are n v suitable4 ,ea* coolie import$ co/s ,rs4 #cj & upw>ds 7x us$ to be mu* m7 ere he arrives on ! g>d5 & does any "w4 ,aft] arrival he has to be h\s$2 to be c>$ = & physick$ :5 sick2 to be paid :5 ill z :5 work+2 to h "w f\nd = him1 or paid to sit idle :5 !re is no "w2 & 9 addition to all ?is e dea?1 e des]tion1 is a loss to ! g>d5 ( ! :ole sum exp5d$ 9 br++ ! man or woman4 ,contra/ ?is ) ! advantages ( local lab\r4 ,9 _m cases no exp5se = build+s is necess>y1 z ! lab\r]s come daily to "w f adjac5t villages1 & 9 su* cases no exp5se is entail$ by sick m51 = ^! simply rema9 at home4 ,!re is no loss by dea? or des]tions4 ,:5 no "w is requir$ on ! g>d51 lab\r is simply n employ$4 ,all ?is makes local lab\r1 ev5 :]e ! rate ( wages is high1 v mu* *eap] ?an import$4 ,! action ( ,gov]nm5t 9 ! matt] ( import$ lab\r has mu* increas$ ! difficulties & exp5se necess>ily att5dant on x4 ,x is a vex$ & a v long "q :i* ,i c>e n to ent] into m9utely1 = x has be5 discuss$ already ad nauseam2 /ill ,i mu/ put on record my op9ion1 aft] look+ v closely into x1 t ! ,gov]nm5t has n act$ wisely1 inasmu* z any ,/ate int]f]5ce 9 ! relations ( employ] & employ$ 7outside ! protection :i* ! exi/+ laws give7 is a radical mi/ake4 ,z = ! law pass$ on ! subject to ! effect t a coolie :o has work$ out 8 agreem5t & volunt>ily ent]s into a new "o %all be1 z be=e1 "u ,gov]nm5t protection1 & 8 employ] answ]able z be=e to ,gov]nm5t1 = ! way he is h\s$1 treat$ :5 sick1 c41 x is n easy to see :y su* enactm5ts are m necess>y 9 8 case ?an 9 t ( any o!r hir$ s]vant or lab\r] ?r\gh\t all ,india4 ,all evid5ce collect$1 all enquiries made1 t5d to %[ t coolies are well treat$ on ,tea e/ates4 ,x is ! int]e/ ( ! proprietors & manag]s to d s1 & self-int]e/ is a f> m p[]ful inducem5t ?an any ! ,gov]nm5t c devise4 ,! m$dl+ caus$ by ! visits ( ! 8,protector ( ,coolies0#f to a g>d5 conduces to de/roy ! k9d feel+s :i* %\ld 7& 9 spite ( ^! h9drances (t5 d7 exi/ betwe5 ! proprietor or manag] & 8 m54 ,i d n hesitate 9 my belief t import$ coolies on ,tea plantations w\ld be bett] (f 9 _m ways 7 all ,gov]nm5t int]f]5ce aboli%$4 ,i d n decry ,gov]nm5t action to ! ext5t ( see+ ! coolies und]/& _! t]ms ( engagem5ts1 & are c>$ = on _! j\rney to ! ,tea di/ricts2 b once l&$ on ! g>d51 all ,gov]nm5t int]f]5ce %\ld cease4 ,! idea ( ! ,/ate lay+ d[n h[ _m squ>e y>ds ( jungle ea* coolie %all cle> 9 a day1 h[ _m squ>e feet he %all dig1 c41 c46 ,c any c]ta9 rates be laid d[n = su* "w8 ,is all jungle ! same1 all soil ! same2 & ev5 if su* rates c\ld be laid d[n1 h[ c ! rules be foll[$8 ,bah6 !y are n1 nev] w be1 & ! :ole ?+ is too *ildi% = s]i\s discussion4 ,x is n difficult to sit at a desk & frame laws & rules t look feasible on pap]4 ,x is q ano!r ?+ to c>ry !m out4 ,ov]-legislation is a cry+ evil 9 ,india1 b !re is /ill a worse1 namely1 legislation & (ficial action on subjects ( :i* ! said (ficials are utt]ly ignorant4 ,i h said en\gh to %[ import$ lab\r _c vie ) local1 nor w\ld x d s 7 all ! evils ( ,gov]nm5t int]f]5ce remov$4 ,i !re=e believe ,tea prop]ty 9 ,india w ev5tually pay be/ :]e local lab\r exi/s4 ,?is w naturally be ! case :5 o!r conditions are equal1 b s great are ! advantages ( local lab\r1 ,i believe x w also be ! case 9 spite ( mod]ate drawbacks4 ,,footnotes3 #d ,n s mu* s n[ z :5 ?is 0 fir/ writt54 #e ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,a portion ( ! ,we/]n ,doo>s may p]haps be add$1 b ! lab\r1 ?\gh adjac5t1 is n /rictly local4 ,up to ! pres5t1 h[ev]1 ,i h _h b little exp5se 9 import+ coolies to ! g>d5s !re 9 :i* ,i am int]e/$4 #f ,:at a designation6 ,:o inv5t$ x1 ,i wond]8 ,a clev] man1 d\btless1 = ,gov]nm5t int]f]5ce 0 probably 8 hobby1 & he quickly p]ceiv$ ! v title w\ld1 m or less1 r5d] ! (fice necess>y4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,tea ,,di/ricts ,,& ,,_! ,,comp>ative ,,advantages1 ,,climate1 ,,soil1 ,,etc41 ,,9 ,,ea*4 ,! ,tea di/ricts 9 ,india1 t is1 :]e ,tea is gr[n 9 ,india to-day1 are--#g #a4 ,assam4 #b4 ,! ,dehra ,dhoon4 #c4 ,kumaon 7,himalayas74 #d4 ,d>jeel+ 7,himalayas74 #e4 ,ca*> & ,sylhet4#h #f4 ,kangra 7,himalayas74 #g4 ,haz>eebaugh4 #h4 ,*ittagong4 #i4 ,t]ai bel[ ,d>jeel+4 #aj4 ,neilgh]ries 7,madras ,hills74 #aa4 ,we/]n ,doo>s4 ,9 fix+ on any di/rict to plant ,tea 91 f\r ?+s h to be consid]$--viz41 soil1 climate1 lab\r1 & means ( transport4 ,:5--! di/rict be+ select$--a site has to be *os51 all b ! second ( ^! h to be consid]$ aga91 & ! lay ( l&1 nature ( jungle1 wat]1 & sanitation are also ( great importance 9 *oos+ a site4 ,i w fir/1 !n1 discuss g5]ally ! ,tea di/ricts giv5 above z reg>ds ! advantages ( ea* = ,tea cultivation4 ,i h se5 & /udi$ ,tea g>d5s 9 all ! di/ricts nam$1 except ,no4 #b4 ,:at ,i "k ( ! ,dehra ,dhoon is f :at ,i h read1 & :at is g5]ally kn[n ( ! climate4 ,be=e1 h[ev]1 comp>+ ea* di/rict1 we %\ld "k :at are ! necessities ( ! ,tea plant z reg>ds climate & soil4 ,tea1 especially ! ,*9a v>iety1 w gr[ 9 v v>y+ climates & soils1 b x w n fl\ri% 9 all ( !m1 & if x does n fl\ri%1 & fl\ri% well1 x w c]ta9ly n pay4 ,! climate requir$ = ,tea is a hot damp "o4 ,z a rule1 a good ,tea climate is n a heal?y "o4 ,! ra9fall %\ld n be less ?an #hj to #ajj in*es p] annum1 & ! m ( ?is t falls 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! ye> ! bett]4 ,any climate :i*1 ?\gh possess+ an abundant ra9fall1 suff]s f dr\ght 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! ye> is n1 ct]is p>ibus1 s good z "o :]e ! ra9 is m equally diffus$4 ,all ! ,tea di/ricts w\ld yield bett] ) m ra9 9 ,febru>y1 ,m>*1 & ,april2 & !re=e "s1 :]e fogs prevail 9 ! morn+s at ! e>ly "p ( ! ye>1 are s f> b5efit$4 ,z any dr\ght is prejudicial to ,tea1 x /&s to reason hot w9ds mu/ be v bad4 ,^! w9ds argue great aridity1 & ! ,tea plant luxuriates 9 cont9ual moi/ure4 ,! less cold wea!r exp]i5c$ :]e ,tea is1 ! bett] = ! plant4 ,x c /&1 & w gr[ 91 great cold 7freez+ po9t1 & l[] 9 w9t]1 is f\nd 9 "s places :]e ,tea is71 b ,i d n ?9k x w ev] be gr[n to a pr(it on su* sites4 ,t ,tea requires a temp]ate climate 0 long believ$ & act$ ^u by _m to _! loss4 ,! climate _c be too hot = ,tea if ! heat is accompani$ ) moi/ure4 ,tea gr[n 9 temp]ate climes1 su* z mod]ate elevations 9 ! ,himalayas1 is q diff]5t to ! ,tea ( hot moi/ climates1 su* z ,ea/]n ,b5gal4 ,"s p l x bett]1 & c]ta9ly ! flav\r is m delicate2 b x is v mu* weak]1 & ! value ( ,indian ,tea 79 ! pres5t /ate ( ! home m>ket1 :]e x is pr9cipally us$ = giv+ 8body0 to ! wa%y /uff f ,*9a7 consi/s 9 its /r5g?4 ,ano!r all-important po9t 9 fix+ on a climate = ,tea is ! fact1 t ap>t f ! /r5g? ! yield is d\ble 9 hot1 moi/ climes1 :at x is 9 comp>atively dry & temp]ate ones4 ,a really pleasant climate to live 9 _c be a good "o = ,tea4 ,i may n[ discuss ! comp>ative m]its ( ! diff]5t ,tea di/ricts4 ,,assam4 ,?is is ! pr9cipal home ( ! indig5\s plant4 ,! climate 9 ! nor!rn portions is p]fect1 sup]ior to ! s\!rn1 z m ra9 falls 9 ! spr+4 ,! climate ( ! :ole ( ,assam1 h[ev]1 is v good = ,tea4 ,! ,tea plant yields mo/ abundantly :5 hot sun%9e & %[]s int]v5e4 ,= climate1 !n1 ,i accord ! fir/ place to ,nor!rn ,assam4 ,s\!rn ,assam is1 z obs]v$1 a little inf]ior4 ,! soil ( ?is prov9ce is decid$ly ri*4 ,9 _m places !re is a consid]able coat+ ( decay$ vegetation on ! surface1 & inasmu* z 9 all places :]e ,tea has be5 or is likely to be plant$ x is /rictly virg9 soil1 consid]able n\ri%m5t exi/s4 ,! prevail+ soil also is light & friable1 & ?us1 ) ! exception ( ! ri* oak soil 9 p>ts ( ! ,himalayas1 ,assam 9 ?is respect is second to none4 ,z reg>ds lab\r we mu/ c]ta9ly put x ! la/ on ! li/4 ,! ,assamese1 & !y are scanty1 won't "w1 s ! plant]s1 ) few exceptions1 are dep5d5t on import$ coolies2 & inasmu* z ! di/ance to br+ !m is enorm\s1 ! outlay on ?is head is l>ge1 & a sad drawback to successful ,tea cultivation4 ,! ,burhampootra--t va/ riv] :i* runs f "o end ( ,assam to ! o!r--gives an easy mode ( export = ! ,tea1 b /ill1 ow+ to ! di/ance f ! sea-bo>d1 x _c rank 9 ?is respect z high z "s o!rs4 ,,ca*>4 ,! indig5\s ,tea is also f\nd 9 a "p ( ?is prov9ce4 ,! climate diff]s b little f ,assam4 ,9 "o respect x is bett]2 m ra9 falls 9 ! spr+4 ,! soil is n equal to ,assamese soil2 x is m s&y1 & lacks ! p[]4 ,aga91 !re is mu* m flat l& fit = ,tea cultivation 9 ,assam1 & !re c be no d\bt z to ! advantage ( level surfaces4 ,z reg>ds transport ,ca*> has ! advantage1 = x has equally a wat]-way1 & is n s di/ant f ,calcutta4 ,! lab\r aspect is mu* ! same 9 ! two prov9ces1 bo? be+ almo/ entirely dep5d5t on import$ coolies2 b ,ca*> is ne>] ! lab\r fields ?an ,assam4 ,h[ev]1 aft] discuss+ sep>ately ! advantages ( ea* prov9ce1 ,i propose to draw up a tabul> /atem5t1 :i* w %[ at a glance ! comp>ative m]its ( ea* on ea* po9t discuss$4 ,,*ittagong4 ,?is is a comp>atively new locality = ,tea4 ,! climate is bett] ?an ,ca*> 9 ! "o respect t !re is less cold wea!r1 b inf]ior 9 ! m important fact t mu* less ra9 falls 9 ! spr+4 ,9 ?is latt] respect x is also inf]ior to ,assam1 p>ticul>ly to ,nor!rn ,assam4 ,!re is "o "p ( ,*ittagong1 ! ,hill ,tracts 7,tea has sc>cely be5 mu* tri$ !re yet71 :i*1 9 ! fact ( spr+ ra9s1 is sup]ior to o!r p>ts ( ! prov9ce1 z also 9 soil1 = x is mu* ri*] !re4 ,on ! :ole1 h[ev]1 ,*ittagong mu/ yield ! palm to bo? ,assam & ,ca*> on ! score ( climate1 & also1 ,i ?9k1 ( soil4 ,= ?\gh good ri* tracts are occasionally met )1 !y are n s pl5tiful z 9 ! two la/-nam$ di/ricts4 ,always1 h[ev]1 except+ ! ,hill ,tracts ( ,*ittagong2 !re ! soil is1 ,i ?9k1 q equal to ei!r ,assam or ,ca*>4 ,z reg>ds lab\r 7a v ess5tial po9t to successful ,tea cultivation71 ,*ittagong is mo/ =tunate4 ,) few exceptions 7& ^? only p>tial7 all ! plantations are c>ri$ on ) local lab\r1 :i*--except+ = ab\t two mon?s1 ! rice-"t--is abundant4 ,= transport 7be+ on ! coa/ ) a conv5i5t h>b\r1 a cont9ually increas+ trade1 %ips also runn+ direct to & f ,engl&71 x is v advantage\sly situat$4 ,*ittagong possesses ano!r advantage ov] all o!r ,tea di/ricts 9 its l>ge supply ( manure4 ,! c\ntry is ?ickly populat$1 & necess>ily l>ge h]ds ( cattle exi/4 ,! natives d n use manure = rice 7almo/ ! sole cultivation71 &1 consequ5tly1 plant]s c h x almo/ = ! ask+4 ,! enorm\s advantages ( manure 9 ,tea cultivation are n yet g5]ally appreciat$3 x w c]ta9ly d\ble ! ord9>y yield ( a ,tea g>d54 ,a *apt] is devot$ to ?is subject4 ,,t]ai ,,bel[ ,,d>jeel+4 ,i h se5 ?is1 & ! ,tea 9 x1 s9ce ,i wrote ! fir/ edition ( ?is ,essay4 ,! soil is v good = ,tea4 ,! climate is also a good "o1 b !re is n z mu* ra9 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! ye> z plant]s c\ld wi%4 ,mu* difficulty exi/s ab\t lab\r1 ow+ to ! v unheal?y climate4 ,z ! jungle is cle>$1 h[ev]1 ?is la/ objection w be 9 a measure got ov]4 ,z x /&s n[1 x is p]haps ! mo/ unheal?y ,tea locality 9 ,india4 ,communication w be v easy :5 ! ,nor!rn ,b5gal ,railway is f9i%$1 :i* x w be imm$iately4 ,except 9 ! po9t ( salubrity 7:i* is1 h[ev]1 an important "o71 ,i ?9k ?is locality a fav\rable "o = ,tea4 ,,! ,,dehra ,,dhoon4 ,i h he>d ! fir/ ,tea 9 ,india 0 plant$ "h4 ,! lucky m51 two (fic]s1 :o comm5c$ ! plantation1 sold x1 ,i believe1 9 its infancy1 to a company = five lakhs ( rupees4 ,:at visions did ,tea hold =? 9 ^? days6 ,9 climate ! ,dehra ,dhoon is f> f good4 ,! hot dry wea!r ( ! ,nor?-we/ is n at all suit$ to ! ,tea plant4 ,hot w9ds %rivel x up1 & ?\gh x recov]s :5 ! ra9s come d[n1 x _c ?rive 9 su* a climate4 ,"o fact w1 ,i ?9k1 prove ?is4 ,9 fav\rable climates1 ) good soil & mod]ate cultivation1 #ah flu%es or crops may be tak5 f a plantation 9 a season4 ,) l advantages1 & heavy manur+1 #bb or ev5 m may be _h4 ,9 ! 8,selections f ! ,records ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,india0 on ,tea1 publi%$ 9 #aheg 7a book to :i* _m owe _! ru971 ! foll[+ appe>s1 %[+ h[ small are ! numb] ( flu%es 9 ! ,nor?-we/3-- ,sid5ote3 ,?ree g5]al ga!r+s4 ,me?od ( ga!r+ ,tea ,leaves4--,! season = ga!r+ leaves g5]ally comm5ces ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,april1 & cont9ues until ,octob]2 ! numb] ( ga!r+s v>ies1 dep5d+ on ! moi/ness & dryness ( ! season4 ,if ! season be good1 t is to say1 if ra9 falls 9 ! cold wea!r & spr+1 & ! g5]al ra9s be fav\rable1 z _m z five ga!r+s may be obta9$4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 may be r$uc$ to ?ree g5]al p]iods = ga!r+--viz41 f ,april to ,june1 f ,july to ,augu/ #ae1 & f ,septemb] to ,octob] #ae4 ,if ! season be a dry "o1 no leaves ought to be tak5 (f ! bu%es aft] ,octob] #a1 z by do+ s !y are apt to be injur$4 ,if1 h[ev]1 !re are good ra9s 9 ,septemb]1 leaves c be pull$ until ,octob] #ae1 b no lat]1 z by ?is "t !y h got h>d & lea!ry & n fitt$ = mak+ good ,teas1 & x is necess>y to give ! plants good re/ 9 ord] to recruit4 ,"s plants cont9ue to ?r[ out new leaves until ! end ( ,novemb]2 b ^? =m$ dur+ ?is mon? are g5]ally small & t\gh4 ,:5 ?is 0 writt51 ! exp]i5ce detail$ relat$ to ,dehra ,dhoon1 ! ,kumaon1 & ,kangra g>d5s1 & we see t five flu%es or ga!r+s are ?\ght good4 ,x h[ev] makes matt]s 9 ?is respect 7f> f a g5]al fault 9 ! said 8,records07 worse ?an !y are4 ,t5 & twelve flu%es1 ) high cultivation1 c be got 9 ! ,nor?-we/4 ,b :at is ?is z aga9/ tw5ty & tw5ty-five8 ,lab\r is pl5tiful & *eap4 ,! great di/ance f ! coa/ makes transport v exp5sive4 ,,kangra4 ,?is is a *>m+ valley1 ) a delightful climate m fav\rable to ,tea ?an ! ,dehra ,dhoon1 /ill x is n a p]fect ,tea climate4 ,x is too dry & too cold4 ,! soil is good = ,tea1 bett] ?an t ( ! ,dhoon1 b inf]ior to "s ri* soils 9 ! ,himalayan oak =e/s4 ,local lab\r is obta9able at *eap rates4 ,di/ance makes transport = export v difficult2 b a good local m>ket n[ exi/s 9 ! ,punjab1 & a good deal ( ,tea is b\ght at ! fairs1 & tak5 away by ! wild tribes ov] ! bord]4 ,) ! limit$ cultivation !re1 ,i %\ld hope plant]s w f9d a m>ket = all _! produce4 ,manure mu/ be obta9able 7manure _h n be5 ?\ght ( = ,tea :5 ,i visit$ ,kangra71 & if lib]ally appli$1 x w increase ! yield greatly4 ,kangra is /rictly a ,himalayan di/rict1 b ! elevation is mod]ate1 if ,i rememb] "r1 ab\t #c1jjj feet1 & ! l& is s slightly slop+ x may almo/ be call$ level4 ,a great advantage ?is ov] ! /eep l&s1 on :i* mo/ ( ! ,himalayan g>d5s1 _m 9 ,ca*>1 & "s 9 ,assam & ,*ittagong1 are plant$4 ,kangra is n ! be/ place = a man :o wants to make money by ,tea2 b = "o :o w\ld be cont5t to settle !re1 & cont5t to make a livelihood by x1 a m desirable spot ) a m *>m+ climate c\ld n be f\nd4 ,l&1 h[ev]1 is n easily procur$4 ,! ,teas produc$ 9 ,kangra are ( a peculi>ly delicate flav\r1 & are consequ5tly highly e/eem$ 9 ! ,london m>ket4 ,,d>jeel+4 ,?is1 too1 ,i h se5 s9ce ,i publi%$ ! fir/ edition ( ?is ,essay4 ,! elevation ( ! /ation1 #f1ijj feet1 is f> too great2 b plantations l[] d[n d tol]ably well 7t is1 well = hill g>d5s74 ,! climate1 l all hill climates1 is too cold4 ,z reg>ds transport ! ,d>jeel+ plantations w be well situat$ :5 ! railroad n[ con/ruct+ is f9i%$4 ,l elevations 9 ,d>jeel+ & ,kumaon are 9 fav\r ( ! =m]1 fir/1 because ! latitude is less2 secondly1 because ,d>jeel+ has mu* m ra9 9 ! spr+4 ,i believe1 !re=e1 t ! hill plantations ( ,d>jeel+ h a bett] *ance ( pay+ ?an ! g>d5s 9 ,kumaon1 b1 z /at$ be=e1 no elevat$ g>d5s1 t is1 none 9 ! ,himalayas1 h any *ance 9 ! race aga9/ plantations 9 ! pla9s1 always provid+ ! latt] are 9 a good ,tea climate4 ,9 two respects1 h[ev]1 ,d>jeel+ is beh9d ,kumaon4 ,! soil is n s good1 & ! l& is mu* /eep]4 ,x is m ?an absurd1 "s ( ! /eeps on :i* ,tea is plant$ 9 ! =m]2 & su* precipices c1 ,i am sure1 nev] pay4 ,g>d5s1 b>ely remov$ above ! ,t]ai 7& !re are su* 9 ,d>jeel+71 c sc>cely be call$ 8elevat$10 & = !m ! rem>ks appli$ to ! ,t]ai are m fitt+4 ,z a broad rule x %\ld be recognis$ t ! l[] ,tea is plant$ 9 ! ,himalayas ! bett] *ance x has4 ,all ! plants 9 ! ,d>jeel+ g>d5s1 ) b few exceptions1 are ,*9a4 ,! ,*9a plant makes by f> ! be/ ,gre5 ,tea1 & ,i believe ! ,d>jeel+ g>d5s w\ld pay mu* bett] ?an !y d if !y alt]$ _! manufacture f black to gre54 7,see fur!r on1 "u ! head ( ,haz>eebaugh1 :at has be5 done 9 ?is way47 ,all ,himalayan g>d5s %\ld1 9 my op9ion1 make ,gre5 ,tea 7,kumaon has awoke to ! fact71 = all h ,*9a plants1 & c !re=e make f> bett] ,gre5 ,tea ?an c be produc$ f ! ,hybrid :i* is s g5]al 9 pla9 g>d5s4#i ,,kumaon4 ,x 0 9 ?is di/rict 7a *>m+ climate to live 91 ) magnific5t sc5]y to gaze at7 ,i fir/ plant$ ,tea 9 ,india1 & ,i mu* wi% = my own sake1 & t ( o!rs1 ,i _h n done s4 ,i knew no?+ ( ,tea at ! "t1 & ,i ?\ght a di/rict select$ by ,gov]nm5t = inaugurat+ ! cultivation mu/ necess>ily be a good "o4 ,no hill climate c be a good "o = ,tea2 b ! inn] "p ( ,kumaon1 v cold1 ow+ to its elevation1 high latitude1 & di/ance f ! pla9s1 is a peculi>ly bad "o4 ,yet !re x 0 ,gov]nm5t made nurs]ies1 di/ribut$ se$ gratis1 recomm5d$ ! site = ,tea 7see ! 8,records0 allud$ to71 & l$ _m on to _! ru9 by do+ s4 ,! int5tion ( ! ,gov]nm5t 0 good1 b ! (fic]s 9 *>ge ( ! ent]prise 7 mu* to blame1 p]haps n = mak+ ! mi/ake at fir/ 7no "o at ! fir/ knew :at climate 0 suitable71 b = p]petuat+ ! mi/ake1 :5 lat] v little enquiry w\ld h reveal$ ! tru?4 ,i believe x 0 guess$ at by ,gov]nm5t (ficials long ago1 b x 0 easi] to s+ ! old tune2 & a v exp5sive song x has prov$ to _m4#aj ,i ne$ sc>cely1 aft] ?is1 add t ,i d n approve ( ,kumaon = ,tea4 ,an exhil>at+ & brac+ climate = man is n suit$ to ! ,tea plant4 ,! di/rict has "o solit>y advantage--ri* soil4 ,i h nev] se5 ri*]1 m productive l& ?an exi/s 9 "s ( ! ,kumaon oak =e/s1 b ev5 ?is _c 9 ! case ( ,tea c\nt]-balance ! climate4 ,any crop :i* does n require mu* heat & moi/ure w gr[ to p]fection 9 t soil4 ,su* potatoes z x produces6 ,7 ! difficulties ( transport n s great1 a small =tune might be made by gr[+ !m4 ,c\ld any "p ( ,kumaon answ] = ,tea x w\ld be ! l[] elevations 9 ! out] ranges ( ! hills1 b ^! are precisely ! sites t h n be5 *os54 ,l$1 z 9 my own case1 p>tly by ! ,gov]nm5t example1 p>tly by ! wi% to be out ( sight ( ! 8horrid pla9s10 & 9 sight ( t glori\s panorama ! sn[y range1 plant]s h *os5 ! int]ior ( ,kumaon4 ,"s wisely 7,i 0 n "o ( !m7 select$ l[ sites1 valleys %elt]$ f ! cold w9ds2 b ev5 _! *oice has n avail$ mu*4 ,! fro/ 9 w9t] l+]s longe/ 9 ! valleys1 & ?\gh d\btless ! yield !re is l>g]1 ow+ to ! increas$ heat 9 summ]1 ! "y plants suff] mu* 9 ! w9t]4 ,! out] ranges1 ow+ to ! heat radiat+ f ! pla9s1 are comp>atively free f fro/1 b !re aga9 ! soil is n s ri*4 ,/ill !y w\ld unque/ionably be pref]able to ! int]ior4 ,lab\r is pl5tiful 9 ,kumaon & v *eap--,rs4 #d p] m5sem4 ,transport is v exp5sive4 ,x co/s n a little to s5d ,tea f ! int]ior ov] div]s ranges ( hills to ! pla9s4 ,x has !n "s days' j\rney by c>t ere x meets ! rail1 to :i* #a1jjj miles ( c>riage on ! railroad has to be add$4 ,s9ce ! above 0 writt51 ,kumaon has secur$ a good local m>ket1 & ,i believe sells mo/ ( its ,tea unpack$ to m]*ants :o come f ov] ! bord] to buy x4 ,x has also improv$ its position greatly by mak+ ,gre5 ,teas1 = :i*1 z obs]v$ be=e1 ! ,*9a plant is s well fitt$4 ,) ^? two advantages1 ?\gh ! climate is inf]ior1 ,i suspect t ,tea !re n[ pays bett] ?an 9 ,d>jeel+4 ,gurhwall is next to ,kumaon1 & s simil> t ,i h n ?\ght x necess>y to discuss x sep>ately4 ,! climate is ! same1 ! soil z a rule n s good4 ,!re is "o exception ?\gh1 a plantation ne> 8,lohba10 ! ,teas ( :i* 7ow+1 ,i conceive1 to its peculi> soil7 comm& high prices 9 ! ,london m>ket4 ,! g>d5s1 bo? 9 ,kumaon & ,gurhwall1 h be5 g5]ally mu* bett] c>$ = ?an ^? 9 ,ea/]n ,b5gal4 ,z a rule !y are private prop]ties manag$ by ! own]s4 ,,haz>eebaugh4 ,?is di/rict ,i h resid$ 9 s9ce ,i wrote ! fir/ edition ( ?is ,essay4 ,! climate is too dry1 & hot w9ds are felt !re4 ,a great comp5sation1 ?\gh1 is lab\r2 x is m abundant & *eap] 9 ?is di/rict ?an 9 any o!r4 ,! c>riage is all by l&1 & x is "s di/ance to ! rail4 ,b ! ,tea g>d5s at ,haz>eebaugh c nev] vie ) ^? 9 ,ea/]n ,b5gal1 inasmu* z ! climate is v inf]ior4 ,! soil is v poor4 ,,neilgh]ries4 ,! climate is sup]ior to ! ,himalayan1 = ! fro/ is v slight4 ,71 h[ev]1 m heat !re 9 summ]1 x w\ld be bett]4 ,"s ( ! ,teas h sold v well 9 ! ,london m>ket1 = z reg>ds delicacy ( flav\r !y take a high place4 ,! soil is good1 b ! temp]ate climate :i* holds on ^! 8blue m\nta9s0 is n fav\rable to a l>ge produce4 ,,we/]n ,,doo>s4 ,:5 ! second edition ( ?is "w 0 pr9t$1 ?is di/rict 0 unkn[n z ,tea locality4 ,my att5tion 0 direct$ to x 9 #ahgd2 ,i 0 ! second :o plant$ ,tea 9 x1 & ,i h n[ complet$ a g>d5 !re4 ,z reg>ds climate1 soil1 & lay ( l&1 x is p]fect1 & ,i believe x w ev5tually prove ! mo/ pay+ di/rict 9 ,india = ,tea4 ,! ,nor!rn ,b5gal ,railway1 j op5$1 gives x great advantages = transport4 ,hav+ n[ discuss$ ea* di/rict1 all ( :i*1 except ! ,dehra ,dhoon1 ,i h se51 ,i give1 9 fur!r elucidation1 ,meteorological ,tables4 ,= ^? n m5tion$ 9 ! tables ,i h fail$ to acquire ! necess>y in=mation4 ,my ?anks are due to ,dr4 ,coates1 at ,haz>eebaugh1 = 8 k9dness 9 supply+ me ) mu* ( ! data f :i* ! foll[+ tables are fram$3-- ,,table ,,( ,,elevation ,,& ,,temp]ature ,,( ,,tea ,,localities4 ,n4,b4--,! exact temp]ature ( o!r ,tea ,di/ricts n be+ kn[n1 ,i h conf9$ myself to ^!2 b g5]al rem>ks on ! elevation & temp]ature ( o!r ,tea localities w be f\nd else:]e4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,di/ricts ,place ,elevation ,details,janu>y ,febru>y ,m>* 9 feet ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,mon?ly #fag #fcj #gbf ,temp4 ,goalp>ah #chf ,d4 ,max4 #ggb #hgi #idj ,d4 ,m94 #dij #dhj #egb ---------------------------------------- --------------- ,,assam ,g[hatty #acd ,mon?ly #fcf #fgf #gde ,temp4 ---------------------------------------- --------------- ,seebsaugor #cgj ,mon?ly #fjj #fda #fic ,temp4 ---------------------------------------- --------------- ,debrooghur #cif ,mon?ly #fbb #fcd #gac ,temp4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,,ca*> ,ca*> #gf ,mon?ly #fbi #fff #gcd ,temp4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,,*ittagong,*ittagong #aia ,mon?ly #fhe #gbc #hje ,temp4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,mon?ly ,,d>- ,temp4 #db4b #dc4h #eb4j ,,jeel+ ,d>jeel+ #fieb ,d4 ,max4 #fbj #ffj #gbj ,d4 ,m94 #cbj #bhj #cij ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,mon?ly ,,*ota ,temp4 #fb4g #fg4a #gc4g ,,nagpore ,haz>eebaugh #bjaj ,d4 ,max4 #hbj #iaj #idj ,d4 ,m94 #ddj #dfd #eej ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,,neil- ,mon?ly ,,gh]ries ,ootacamund #gdij ,temp4 #eae #ebh #egc ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,april ,may ,june ,july ,augu/ ,septemb] ,octob] ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #ggf #gfj #hjc #hba #haf #hje #gge #igj #iaj #iaj #ibj #iae #ibj #hij #fbf #fgj #gjj #gcg #gcj #gja #fbc ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #ggd #hjd #hah #hcj #hbi #hbb #gib ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #gch #ghe #hbd #hcf #hce #hca #ghc ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #gbg #gga #hjg #hcg #hah #haj #gef ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #gfh #hji #hbb #hcc #hag #hab #gif ---------------------------------------- --------------------- #hce #hde #hdj #hbb #hbc #hcj #haf ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #eh4g #fb4a #fc4g #fd4i #fd4d #fc4j #eg4c #ghj #gij #gij #gij #gej #hjj #ghj #dhj #dhj #egj #ehj #eij #egj #ddj ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #he4f #hh4f #hc4h #gg4h #gi4c #gg4e #gb4f #ajgj #ajjj #ajcj #hij #hhj #hgj #hdj #fgj #gbj #gaj #gaj #gcj #gjj #eij ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #fja #fjh #egi #eeh #efa #efd #eei ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------- ,novemb] ,decemb] ,d4,j4,f4,m4,a4,m4,j4,j4,a4,s4,o4,n4,ye> ---------------------------------------- ------- #fij #fdf #fca #ged #hac #gef #gch #hdc #ghc #ejh #ejj ---------------------------------------- ------- #gaa #fee #fef #ggd #hbf #gge #geh ---------------------------------------- ------- #fid #fbd #fbb #gcg #hcb #gfi #gdj ---------------------------------------- ------- #fgd #faj #fbb #gcg #hba #gdg #gcb ---------------------------------------- -------- #gjf #fed #fdi #ggj #hbd #gga #gec ---------------------------------------- -------- #gcg #fhi #fii #hbh #hbh #gid #ghg ---------------------------------------- ------- #di4d #dd4g #dc4e #eg4f #fd4c #eh4d #ee4i #fij #fjj #chj #ccj ---------------------------------------- ------- #fd4h #fa4d #fc4g #hb4f #hj4c #ga4f #gd4e #ghj #gfj #ebj #ddj ---------------------------------------- ------- #eci #eai #eba #eid #eff #eed #eei ---------------------------------------- ------- ,n4,b4--,! lett]s 9 ! columns1 betwe5 ,decemb] & ! ye>1 ref] to mon?s2 ?us1 ,d4 ,j4 ,f4 is ,decemb]1 ,janu>y1 ,febru>y4 ,! figures %[ ! av]age temp]ature dur+ ^? mon?s4 ,,table ,,( ,,latitude1 ,,longitude1 ,,& ,,ra9fall ,,( ,,tea ,,localities4 ,n4,b4--,! exact ra9falls ( o!r ,tea ,di/ricts n be+ kn[n1 ,i h conf9$ myself to ^!2 b g5]al rem>ks on ! ra9fall 9 o!r ,tea localities w be f\nd else:]e4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,di/ricts ,place ,latitude,longitude ,details ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,av]age ra91 sev]al ,goalp>ah #bfaa #ijcf ye>s ,days ra9 fell 9 #ahfi ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,av]age ra91 sev]al ,,assam ,g[hatty #bf #e #iadc ye>s ,days ra9 fell 9 #ahfi ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,av]age ra91 sev]al ,seebsaugor #bg #b #idci ye>s ,days ra9 fell 9 #ahfi ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,av]age ra91 sev]al ,,ca*> ,ca*> #bddh #ibdc ye>s ,days ra9 fell 9 #ahfi ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,av]age ra91 sev]al ,*ittagong #bbbj #iadd ,,ye>s ,days ra9 fell 9 #ahfi ,,*itta- ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,,gong ,ra9 9 #ahfi ,hill ,tracts 8 8 ,days ra9 fell 9 #ahfi ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,av]age ra91 sev]al ,d>jeel+ #bg #c #hhah ye>s ,days ra9 fell 9 #ahfi ,,d>- ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,,jeel+ ,ra9 9 #ahfi ,we/]n 8 8 ,doo>s#aa ,days ra9 fell 9 #ahfi ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,av]age ra91 sev]al ,,*ota ,haz>ee- #bd #j #hebj ,,ye>s ,,nagpore baugh ,days ra9 fell 9 #ahfi ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,janu>y ,febru>y ,m>* ,april ,may ,june ,july ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #jdb #jgf #ahd #dhe #aagb #bcgb #bacc #b #b #d #h #ai #bd #bb ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #jgj #adc #adh #gbg #ajib #acbi #acjh #b #b #d #h #af #af #i ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #aah #bdc #cgg #ajae #aajd #aeef #adhg #aa #i #aj #ac #bb #ac #ai ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #jej #cec #fji #abfi #afab #aiee #bdeh #b #i #aj #af #ah #bj #ah ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #jcg #afb #aca #edf #idb #bbib #bbed #a #g #c #d #ad #ae #ba ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,nil #aij #aej #abee #ijj #abej #ahbj ,nil #d #d #g #ac #af #bb ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #jgf #afj #afe #cfb #gja #bgej #bidj #b #c #e #i #ag #bc #bf ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #jhj #bjj #aej #ffj #becj #bgcj #dfej #c #c #e #g #ae #ai #be ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #jdb #jeb #jge #jdb #acg #ajii #adfc #d ,nil #g ,nil #e #aa #bd ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,augu/ ,septemb] ,octob] ,novemb] ,decemb] ,total ---------------------------------------- ---------- #abfi #ajic #efa #jci #jbj #iddd #ah #ae #e ,nil ,nil #aai ---------------------------------------- ---------- #aaih #fhb #cbj #jdg #jab #gjgf #aj #ad #b ,nil #a #hd ---------------------------------------- ---------- #achh #aaac #ddf #abi #jfi #ijde #bc #ag #h ,nil #b #adg ---------------------------------------- ---------- #afhd #acij #ggg #gjc #jgi #abcc #be #ai #h ,nil ,nil #ade ---------------------------------------- ---------- #bcjd #acja #eic #bcj #jee #ajhdg #be #ag #e ,nil #a #aac ---------------------------------------- ---------- #adcj #abgj #egj ,nil #jej #hhhe #ai #ai #d ,nil #a #aji ---------------------------------------- ---------- #biji #ahjf #fef #jbj #jad #abiej #bb #bd #g #a #b #adh ---------------------------------------- ---------- #hcej #dfej #ifj 8 #bdj #bebjj #bh #bb #e 8 8 8 ---------------------------------------- ---------- #aadd #fbf #cea #jai #jjb #ejeb #af #ba #i ,nil #a #ih ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,i w n[ endeav\r to draw up a tabul> /atem5t ( ! respective advantages ( ! v>i\s ,tea di/ricts z reg>ds climate1 lab\r1 lay ( l&1 soil1 facilities ( procur+ manure & transport4 ,9 importance ,i reg>d !m 9 ! ord] giv54 ,i place lab\r be=e soil1 because ! fact is1 9 all ! prov9ces suitable & good soil = ,tea c be f\nd some:]e2 & !re=e1 :ile soil is all important 9 select+ a site1 x is second>y to lab\r 9 decid+ on a di/rict4 ,lay ( l& comes aft] lab\r4 ,:5 my in=mation on any po9t is n sure ,i place a note ( int]rogation4 ,:]e advantages are equal1 or ne>ly s1 ,i give ! same numb]1 & ! great] ! advantage ( a di/rict on ! po9t treat$ 9 ! column ! small] ! numb]4 ,?us1 "u ! head ( ,climate1 ,assam is m>k$ #a4 ,z ! foll[+ table gives no in=mation z to :i* ( all ! di/ricts possesses ! greate/ advantages1 all ?+s consid]$1 b only gives my op9ion ( ea* "u ea* head1 & ! subject clos$ 9 ?is way w\ld be unsatisfactory1 ,i may /ate t1 9 my op9ion1 ! *oice %\ld lie betwe5 ! ?ree fir/ & ! la/ on ! li/2 & my *oice w\ld be ! la/4 ,comp>ative advantages ( ! ,tea ,di/ricts 9 ,india z reg>ds climate1 lab\r1 lay ( l&1 soil1 manure1 & transport4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,tea ,di/ricts ,climate,lab\r,lay ( ,l&,soil,manure ,transport ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,assam #a #d #a #a #d #c ,ca*> #b #d #b #b #d #b ,wat] ,*ittagong #c #b #b #b #a #a c>riage ,*ittagong ,hill ,tracts #c #c #c #a #b #a ,t]ai bel[ ,d>jeel+ #b #d #a #a #c #e ,d>jeel+ #d #c #e #c #c #f ,haz>eebaugh #f #a #a #d #b #d ,kangra #d #c #a #c #c #i ,l& ,dehra ,dhoon #e #c #a #c #c #g c>riage ,kumaon #e #c #d #b #c #h ,neilgh]ries #d #c #b #b #c #d ,we/]n ,doo>s #a #c #a #a #d #a ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,footnotes3 #g ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,i give !m1 z f> z ,i "k1 9 ! ord] !y became ,tea di/ricts4 ,?\gh 9 ! said ord] !re is1 ,i believe1 no great error1 ,i may be op5 to correction 9 "o or two in/ances4 #h ,^! are virtually "o1 & ,i %all allude to bo? z ,ca*>4 #i ,:5 ?is 0 writt5 ! dem& = ,gre5 ,teas 9 ,europe 0 great] ?an x is n[4 ,/ill ,kumaon has f\nd a local m>ket = ,gre5 ,tea ov] ! bord]1 t is1 among ! ,asiatic tribes1 & ,d>jeel+ might d ! same4 #aj ,is x possible t ! cont9u$ deception 7x 0 no?+ less7 0 ow+ to ! fact t ,gov]nm5t _h g>d5s to sell !re8 ,!y 7 adv]tis$ = sale a long "t at absurd prices4 #aa ,! ra9fall giv5 = ! ,we/]n ,doo>s _c be reli$ on4 ,p]haps m ?an ! av]age fell 9 #ahfi1 b anyh[1 ,i %\ld ?9k #hc in*es regi/]$ = ,augu/ is an error4 ,i "k ! ye>ly fall !re is n #beb in*es4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,soil4 ,to pron\nce z precisely on soil z to climate is n easy4 ,! ,tea plant w gr[ on almo/ any soil1 & w fl\ri% on _m4 ,/ill !re are broad g5]al rules to be laid d[n 9 ! selection ( soils = ,tea1 :i* no "o c ignore ) impunity4 ,:5 fir/ ,i turn$ my att5tion to ,tea1 ,i collect$ soils f _m g>d5s1 not+ 9 ea* case h[ ! plants fl\ri%$4 ,i !n sat d[n to exam9e !m1 nev] d\bt+ to arrive at "s broad practical conclusions4 ,i 0 sadly disappo9t$4 ,i f\nd ! mo/ oppos+ soils n\ri%$1 app>5tly1 equally good plants4 ,i knew n !n mu* ab\t ,tea1 & judg$ ( ! ,tea bu%es mo/ly by ! size 7a v fallaci\s te/72 /ill1 aft]-exp]i5ce has conv9c$ me ,i 0 m or less "r 9 ! conclusion ,i !n came to1 t sev]al soils are good = ,tea4 ,no?+1 !n1 b broad g5]al rules c be laid d[n on ?is po9t1 = ,i defy anyone to select any "o soil z ! be/ = ,tea1 to ! exclusion ( o!rs4 ,a light s&y loam is p]haps z good a soil z any out ( ! ,himalayas4 ,x ought to be deep1 & ! m decay$ vegetable matt] !re is ly+ on its surface ! bett]4 ,if deep en\gh = ! desc5t ( ! tap-root1 say #c feet1 x matt]s n mu* :at ! subsoil is1 o!rwise a yell[i% r$ subsoil is an advantage4 ,?is subsoil is g5]ally a mixture ( clay & s&4 ,mu* ( ,assam1 ,ca*>1 & ,*ittagong is z ! above1 b1 z a rule1 x is ri*e/ 9 ,assam1 poore/ 9 ,*ittagong4 ,:]e ! loam is ( a greasy nature 7v diff]5t to clay71 ) a mixture ( s& 9 x1 x is sup]ior to ! above1 = x has m body4 ,all good ,tea soils mu/ h a fair proportion ( s&1 & if n o!rwise app>5t1 x may be detect$ by mix+ a little ( ! soil ) spittle & rubb+ x on ! h&4 ,if ! h& be !n held up t[>ds ! sun1 ! p>ticles ( s& w be se5 to gli/54 ,! soil s common 9 ,kumaon1 t is1 light ri* loam ) any am\nt ( decay$ vegetable matt] on x1 & ) a f]rug9\s r$di% yell[i% subsoil1 is1 ,i consid]1 ! f9e/ soil 9 ! _w = ,tea4 ,! ri* decay$ vegetable matt] is ! produce = c5turies ( oak leaves 9 ! ,himalayan =e/s1 &1 z all ! _w kn[s1 oak only gr[s 9 temp]ate climes4 ,x 0 long believ$ t ,tea w\ld ?rive be/ on poor soil4 ,! idea 0 due to ! description ( ,tea soils 9 ,*9a to be f\nd 9 ! fir/ books t treat$ ( ,tea4 ,b ! fact t ,tea1 z a rule1 is only gr[n 9 ,*9a on soil :i* is useless = any?+ else q alt]s ! case4 ,if a soil is light & friable en\gh1 x _c be too ri* = ,tea4 ,ball's book 8,on ! ,cultivation & ,manufacture ( ,tea 9 ,*9a0 has mu* on ,tea soils1 b ! op9ions ! au?or collect$ are sadly at v>iance1 & on ! :ole tea* no?+4 ,9 conclusion1 ,i w attempt to po9t out ! qualities 9 soils 9 :i* ! ,tea plant delights1 z also ! qualities x abhors4 ,x loves soils friable1 t is1 easily divid$ into all _! atoms4 ,?is argues a fair proportion ( s&1 b ?is %\ld n be 9 excess1 or ! soil w be poor4 ,! soil %\ld be por\s--imbib+ & p>t+ ) wat] freely4 ,! m decay$ vegetable matt] on its surface ! bett]4 ,to be avoid$ are /iff soils ( e k9d1 z also ^? :i* :5 !y dry1 aft] ra91 cake toge!r & split4 ,avoid also black-col\r$1 or ev5 d>k-col\r$ e>?s4 ,all soils good = ! ,tea plant are light col\r$4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! d>k col\r arises f decay$ vegetation1 t is n ! col\r ( ! soil1 &1 z obs]v$1 vegetable matt] is a great advantage4 ,judge ( col\r :5 soil is dry--= ev5 light-col\r$ soil looks d>k :5 wet4 ,soil :i* w make bricks w n gr[ ,tea2 & ?\gh ,i h sometimes se5 "y plants ?rive on /iff soil1 ,i d n believe 9 any /iff soil z a p]man5ce4 ,/ones1 if n 9 excess1 are advantage\s 9 all soils incl9$ to be /iff1 = !y help to keep !m op54 ,b !n !y mu/ n be l>ge1 z if s !y act z badly z a rocky sub/ratum prev5t+ ! desc5t ( ! tap-root4 ,! reason1 ,i take x1 :y ,tea ?rives be/ 9 light soils is t ! spongioles or ends ( ! fe$+ roots are v t5d]1 & d n easily p5etrate any o!r4 ,!re is m n\ri%m5t 9 /iff] soils1 b = ?is reason ! ,tea plant _c take advantage ( x4 ,if a *os5 soil be too /iff1 x may be mu* improv$ = ,tea by mix+ s& ) x4 ,h[ev]1 ev5 :]e s& is procurable ne>1 ! exp5se ( ?is is great4 ,:5 done1 ! s& %\ld be mix$ ) ! soil tak5 out ( ! holes 9 :i* ! plants are to be plac$ 7see ,transplant+71 & x may be done aga9 lat] by plac+ s& r\nd ! plants & digg+ x 94 ,all ?is ?\gh is extra lab\r & v exp5sive1 s none b a good ,tea soil %\ld ev] be select$1 & x is v easily f\nd1 = x exi/s 9 p>ts ( all ! di/ricts discuss$4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,nature ,,( ,,jungle4 ,i h n mu* to say "u ?is head4 ,i h he>d _m op9ions z to ! k9d ( trees & jungle t %\ld exi/ 9 contemplat$ cle>ances1 b ,i atta* little or no weight to !m1 at all ev5ts 9 ,b5gal4 ,9 ! ,himalayas x is some:at diff]5t4 ,!re oak trees %\ld be s\ght =2 _! exi/5ce inv>iably makes ri* soil4#ab ,fir1 on ! contr>y1 indicates poor soil4 ,at elevations1 h[ev]1 ! desid]atum ( a w>m aspect int]f]es1 = ! be/ oak =e/s are on ! cold] side4 ,i speak ( c\rse ( elevations practicable1 say ?ree or f\r ?\s& feet2 above ?is x is a wa/e ( money to try & cultivate ,tea4 ,9 ,b5gal ,i d n ?9k ! nature ( ! jungle on l& contemplat$ signifies mu*4 ,z a rule1 ! ?ick] ! jungle ! ri*] ! soil2 b 9 seek+ = a site l>ge trees %\ld n be a s9e qu non4 ,mu* ( ! co>se grass l& is v good1 & l>ge trees add enorm\sly to ! exp5se ( cle>+s4#ac ,x is n cutt+ !m d[n :i* is s exp5sive1 x is cutt+ !m up & gett+ rid ( !m by burn+1 or o!rwise1 aft] ! =m] is done4 ,i h discuss$ soil fully already1 & ne$ only add "h t if ! k to d s exi/s1 x is bett] to judge ( soil f ! soil itself ?an f ! vegetation on x1 ?\gh d\btless a fact t luxuriant vegetation indicates ri* soil4 ,,footnotes3 #ab ,! oak tree leaves cause a ri* deposit ( vegetable matt]4 #ac ,! ,we/]n ,doo>s are 9 _m p>ts cov]$ ) ?is co>se grass1 & n[h]e is !re bett] soil4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,wat] ,,& ,,sanitation4 ,^! may be discuss$ toge!r & %ortly4 ,( c\rse adjac5t wat]-c>riage is a great advantage = a g>d51 & x %\ld be obta9$1 if possible1 9 select+ a site4 ,! exp5se ( l&-c>riage1 :]e !re is no rail1 is great1 & ,tea cultivation requires all advantages to make x pay well4 ,b x is wat] = a g>d5 t p>ticul>ly conc]ns u n[4 ,x is n easy to f9d l& t c be irrigat$ 7?is is discuss$ else:]e71 b no lab\r or exp5se 9 gett+ su* l& w\ld be ?r[n away4 ,irrigation1 comb9$ ) high cultivation 9 o!r respects1 w give a yield p] acre undreamt (4 ,9 no case %\ld a plantation be made except :]e a runn+ /ream is h&y4 ,wat] is a necessity = se$l+s1 & a pl5tiful adjac5t supply ( x is a great desid]atum = ! com=t & heal? ( e s\l on ! g>d54 ,we all "k h[ dep5d5t ! natives are on wat]1 & x is evid5t facilities 9 ?is respect w conduce mu* 7:e!r ! lab\r be local or import$7 bo? to get & keep coolies4 ,norton's tube wells--a *eap & mo/ effici5t mode ( procur+ wat]--w1 ,i d\bt n1 be ev5tually mu* us$ on ,tea plantations4 ,x has be5 obs]v$ t1 z a rule1 a good ,tea climate is n a heal?y "o4 ,!re is no gett+ ov] ! fact1 & we c only make ! be/ ( x4 ,! h\se1 ! factories1 & all ! build+s %\ld be plac$ z high z possible1 & n v close to ea* o!r1 bo? = ! sake ( heal? & 9 ! ev5t ( fire4 ,! locality %\ld be well dra9$1 & cleanl9ess be atta9$ 9 e possible way4 ,give ! coolies good h\ses1 ) rais$ me*ans to sleep on1 & spr9kle occasionally c>bolic acid p[d] 9 y\r own h\se & ^? ( o!rs4 ,sanitation is1 h[ev]1 a l>ge subject4 ,x c be /udi$ else:]e4 ,g5]al ideas on x1 & on ! prop]ties ( ! commone/ m$ic9es1 are a great advantage to any int5d+ ,tea plant]4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,lay ,,( ,,l&4 ,! fir/ idea prevail+ ab\t ,tea 0 t x %\ld be plant$ on slopes4 ,x 0 ?\ght1 & truly1 t ! plant 0 impati5t ( /agnant wat]1 & s x is1 b x is n necess>y to plant x on slopes 9 consequ5ce4 ,pictures ( ,*9ese1 susp5d$ by *a9s 7inasmu* z ! locality c\ld n be o!rwise rea*$71 pick+ ,tea (f bu%es gr[+ 9 ! crevices ( rocks1 some:at help$ ?is notion2 & :5 /at$1 z x 01 t ! ,tea produc$ 9 su* places 0 ! f9e/1 & comm&$ ! highe/ price--:i* 0 n true--int5d+ plant]s 9 ,india w5t crazy 9 _! se>* = impracticable /eeps6 ,mu* ( ! failure 9 ,tea has aris5 f ?is fact1 = a great "p ( _m1 ! :ole ( "s1 g>d5s h be5 plant$ on l& s /eep t ! ,tea c nev] la/ or ?rive on x4 ,?is is especially ! case 9 p>ts ( ! ,d>jeel+ di/rict4 ,slop+ l& is objectionable 9 ! foll[+ respects4 ,x _c be highly cultivat$ 9 any way 7,i hold ,tea w only pay ) high cultivation71 = high cultivation consi/s 9 frequ5t digg+1 to keep ! soil op5 & get rid ( we$s1 & lib]al manur+4 ,if su* soil is dug 9 ! ra9y season1 x is wa%$ d[n to ! foot ( ! hill1 & if manure is appli$ at any "t ( ! ye>1 x exp]i5ces ! same fate :5 ! ra9 comes4 ,z x _c be dug1 we$s necess>ily ?rive & dim9i% ! yield by *ok+ ! plants4 ,! *oice is !re=e ( two evils3 8l[ cultivation & we$s10 or 8high cultivation :i* b>es ! roots ( ! plants 9 a twelvemon?40 ,( ! two1 ! fir/ mu/ be *os51 = if ! latt] 7 pursu$1 ! plants1 gett+ gradually m & m d5ud$ ( soil1 w\ld simply topple ov] 9 two or ?ree ye>s4 ,b *oos+ ! less] evil1 ! mis*ief is n conf9$ to ! bad effects ( l[ cultivation4 ,dig ! l& z little z y w1 ! great =ce ( ! ra9s wa%es d[n a good deal ( soil4 ,! plants d n s9k z ! soil l[]s1 & ! consequ5ce is t all ,tea plants on slopes h ! l[] side b>e ( e>? & ! roots expos$4 ,?is is m & m ! case ! /eep] ! slope4 ,^! expos$ roots %rivel up z ! sun acts on !m1 ! plant langui%es & yields v little leaf4 ,attempts are made to rem$y ! mis*ief by c>ry+ e>? up f bel[ ye>ly1 & plac+ x "u ! plant2 b ! exp5se ( do+ ?is is great1 & ! palliation is only tempor>y1 = ! same ?+ occurs aga9 & aga9 z ea* ra9y season returns4 ,! mis*ief is great] on /iff ?an on s&y soils1 = on ! =m] ! e>? is deta*$ 9 great pieces & c>ri$ d[n ! hill4 ,i "k "o g>d5 9 ,*ittagong1 a l>ge "o1 :]e ! evil is s great1 t ! soon] ! cultivation is ab&on$ ! bett] = ! own]s4 ,a great _m g>d5s 9 ,india1 inde$ ! majority1 are on slopes2 a few 9 ,assam1 ! great] numb] 9 ,ca*>1 "s 9 ,*ittagong1 & almo/ all ! ,himalayan plantations4 ,su* ( ^! z are on /eep slopes w1 ,i believe1 nev] pay1 & in/ead ( improv+ ye>ly 7z good g>d5s1 highly cultivat$1 %\ld d ev5 aft] !y h arriv$ at full be>+7 su*1 ,i fe>1 w det]iorate ye> by ye>4 ,plantations on mod]ate slopes ne$ n fail because ( ! slopes4 ,! evils slight slopes entail are n great1 b ! soon] ! fact is accept$ t slop+ _c vie aga9/ flat l& = ! cultivation ( ,tea ! bett]4 ,:]e only ! l[] p>ts ( slopes are plant$1 ! plants d v well4 ,! upp] "p be+ jungle ! wa% is n great1 & ! plants b5efit mu* by ! ri* vegetable matt] ! ra9 br+s d[n f above4 ,i h (t5 se5 v f9e plants on ! l[] "p ( slopes1 :]e ! upp] has be5 left 9 jungle1 & ,i %\ld n hesitate to plant su* portions if ! slope 0 mod]ate4 ,:]e teelah l&1 9 ,ea/]n ,b5gal1 or slop+ l& 9 ! ,himalayas1 ,*ittagong1 or else:]e1 has to be adopt$1 aspect is all-important4 ,a good aspect 9 "o climate is bad 9 ano!r4 ,9 ,assam1 ,ca*>1 ,*ittagong1 & all w>m places1 *oose ! coole/2 at high elevations 7temp]ate climes71 ! w>me/4 ,9 ! ,himalayas1 moreov]1 ! w>m] aspects are1 z a rule1 ! mo/ f]tile2 vice v]s 9 w>m localities4 ,_m a g>d51 :i* w\ld h done v well on ! mod]ate slopes *os5 _h only ! prop] aspects be5 plant$1 has be5 ru9$ by plant+ all sides ( teelahs or hills indiscrim9ately4 ,! s\!rn & we/]n slopes ( plantations 9 w>m sites are g5]ally v b>e ( plants4 ,n /range !y %\ld be s1 :5 ! p[] ( ! reflect$ rays ( ! aft]noon sun is consid]$4 ,aga91 9 cold climates plants _c ?rive on nor!rn aspects1 = _! great want 9 su* climes is heat & sun%9e4 ,let ! above fault1 !n1 be avoid$ 9 bo? cases1 = ?\gh d\btless a g>d5 is m h&y1 & looks bett] 9 "o piece plant$ all ov] )\t any int]v5+ jungle1 ev5 pat*es ( jungle look bett]1 & are decid$ly *eap]1 ?an b>e cultivat$ hills4 ,( flat l&1 aft] :at ,i h writt51 ,i ne$ n add mu*4 ,x is ( two k9ds1 table & valley l&2 ! =m] is v r>e 9 ,tea di/ricts1 at lea/ ( any ext5t1 :i* makes x wor? :ile to plant x4 ,!re are two g>d5s 9 ,*ittagong on su* flat table l&1 & !y are bo? do+ v well4 ,table l& _c be too flat1 = ! natural dra9age is s great no /agnant wat] c lie4#ad ,valley l& is n good if x is p]fectly flat4 ,x w !n be subject to inundation & /agnant wat]4 ,!re is no?+ t kills ! plant s surely & quickly z ! latt]4 ,ev5 q flat valleys c be made sweet by artificial dra9age1 b to d ?is a l[] level1 n too f> di/ant1 mu/ exi/1 & ! dang] is n q remov$ !n4 ,valleys 9 :i* no wat]-c\rse exi/s1 & :i* slope t[>ds ! m\? alone1 are to be avoid$1 = ! plants ne> ! m\? always get *ok$ ) s&4 ,! be/ valleys are ^? ) a g5tle slope bo? ways1 "o t[>ds ! l[e/ l9e ( ! valley1 be x a runn+ wat]-c\rse1 or a dry nullah :i* c>ries (f ra91 ! o!r t[>ds ! m\? ( ! valley4 ,su* valleys dra9 !mselves1 or at lea/ v little artificial dra9age is necess>y4 ,a valley ( ?is k9d1 ) a runn+ /ream ?r\gh x1 is mo/ valuable = ,tea1 & if ! o!r advantages ( soil & climate are pres5t x is simply a p]fect site4 ,su* h[ev] are n frequ5t4 ,if 9 su* valleys1 z is g5]ally ! case1 ! slope f ! head to ! m\? is en\gh1 ! runn+ /ream c be 8bund$0 7%ut up7 at a high level1 & br\ght along "o side at a suffici5t elevation to irrigate ! :ole4 ,i h nev] se5 b "o g>d5 9 a valley t fulfils all ^! conditions exactly4 ,x is 9 ,*ittagong2 ! soil is good1 lab\r pl5tiful1 & manure abundant4 ,x ought to d great ?+s1 = ! possibility ( irrigat+ plants 9 ! dry season 7:i*1 z obs]v$1 is v try+ 9 ,*ittagong7 w give sev]al extra flu%es 9 ! ye>4 ,( c\rse 9 ! wet season on su* l& ! wat] mu/ be all[$ to resume its natural c\rse4 ,n>r[ valleys are n wor? plant+4 ,no n>r[ tracts ( l&1 ) jungle on bo? sides1 are wor? ! exp5se ( cultivation1 = ! cont9ual encroa*m5t ( ! jungle gives mu* extra "w4 ,! plants1 moreov]1 9 v n>r[ valleys get half-buri$ ) soil wa%$ d[n f ! adjac5t slopes4 ,n>r[ valleys are !re=e1 9 any case1 bett] avoid$4 ,to conclude %ortly1 flat l&s c be highly cultivat$1 /eep slopes _c4 ,tea pays be/ 7p]haps n at all o!rwise7 ) high cultivation--ergo1 flat l&s are pref]able4 ,,footnote3 #ad ,i am n[ comm5c+ a second g>d5 9 ! ,we/]n ,doo>s on flat table l&1 & ! site is an exceptionally fav\rable "o4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,lay+ ,,out ,a ,,g>d54 ,by ?is ,i mean1 s divid+ x :5 fir/ made into p>ts1 t lat] ! said p>ts %all be easily recognis$1 & sep>ately or diff]5tly treat$1 z !y may require x4 ,! usual cu/om is to beg9 at "o end ( a plantation1 & dig x "r ?r\gh to ! o!r4 ,9 ! same way ) ! prun+ & pluck+1 & ,i believe ! sy/em is a v bad "o4 ,diff]5t portions ( g>d5s require diff]5t treatm5t1 inasmu* z !y diff] 9 soil1 & o!rwise4 ,"o "p ( a plantation is mu* m prolific ( we$s ?an ano!r--h[ absurd t x %\ld be clean$ no (t5]6 ,?is is only "o exemplification ( diff]5ce ( treatm5t1 b 9 _m ways x is necess>y1 mo/ ( all 9 pluck+ leaf4 ,all p>ts ( a plantation1 ow+ 9 "s places to ! diff]5t ages ( ! plants1 9 o!rs to ! v>iety 9 ! soil & its productive p[]s1 9 o!rs to slopes or to aspect1 d n yield leaf equally1 t is1 flu% does n foll[ flu% ) equal rapidity4 ,9 "s places 7suppos+ ea* "p to be pick$ :5 ! flu% is ready7 sev5 days' int]val w exi/ betwe5 ! flu%es1 9 o!rs n9e1 t51 or twelve2 b no att5tion1 z a rule1 is paid to ?is4 ,! pick]s h f9i%$ ! g>d5 at ! we/ end1 ! ea/ end is aga9 ready1 & :5 done1 ! middle "p w be tak5 9 h&1 be x ready or be x n6 ,x may be t ! middle "p flu%es quick] ?an any o!r2 9 ?is case ! flu% w be m ?an mature :5 x is tak51 9 fact x w h begun to h>d52 or x may be ! middle "p does n flu% z quickly z ! o!rs2 9 ?is case x w be pick$ be=e x is ready1 t is1 :5 ! flu% is too "y1 & ! yield w consequ5tly be small]4 ,i believe ! yield ( a plantation may be l>gely increas$ by att5d+ to ?is4 ,e ,tea e/ate %\ld be divid$ into g>d5s (1 say1 ab\t five to t5 acres ea*4#ae ,if no natural division exi/s1 small roads to act z su* %\ld be made4 ,m ?an ?is _c be done :5 ! plantation is fir/ laid out1 b :5 lat] ! plants yield1 any diff]5ce betwe5 ! productive p[]s ( diff]5t p>ts ( ! same g>d5 %\ld be not$1 & ^! divid$ (f into sections4 ,to d ?is latt] ) roads w\ld take up too mu* space1 & small masonry pill>s1 :itewa%$1 are ! be/4 ,f\r ( ^!1 "o at ea* corn] ( a section1 are en\gh1 & !y ne$ n be m ?an #c feet high & #a foot squ>e4 ,?us ea* g>d5 may1 :]e necess>y1 be divid$ into two sections1 :i*1 9 a #cjj-;acre e/ate1 p>tition$ (f into ?irty g>d5s1 w\ld give ab\t =ty to sixty sections4 ,no matt] :]e a section may be1 directly ! flu% on x is ready x %\ld be pick$4 ,:]e ! soil on any "o g>d5 is mu* ! same1 & obs]vation %[s ! plants all ov] x flu% equally1 x may be left all 9 "o4 ,i only lay d[n ! pr9ciple1 & ,i am v c]ta9 x works well1 ! pro( ( :i* is t1 :]e ,i h practis$ x1 "s sections dur+ ! season give ?ree1 f\r1 & five flu%es m ?an o!rs4 ,_h ! usual plan ( pick+ f "o end to ! o!r be5 adopt$1 !y w\ld h be5 all =c$ to give ! same numb]2 9 o!r words1 ! said extra flu%es w\ld h be5 lo/1 & fur!r loss occasion$ by "s flu%es be+ tak5 be=e !y 7 ready1 o!rs aft] a portion ( ! t5d] leaf _h h>d5$4 ,! be/ plan is simply to numb] ! g>d5s f #a upw>ds1 & ! sections 9 ea* g>d5 ! same way4 ,?us suppos+ ,no4 #e g>d5 is divid$ into ?ree sections1 !y w be kn[n respectively z #e-a1 #e-b1 & #e-c4 ,?is is ! be/ way = ! natives1 & ,i f9d !y soon le>n to designate ea* section4 ,i h a man ^: special duty 7?\gh he has o!r "w also7 x is to see ea* day :i* sections are ready to pick ! foll[+1 & ^?1 & ^? alone1 are pick$4 ,practice soon tea*es ! numb] ( pick]s requir$ = any giv5 numb] ( sections1 & t numb] only are put to ! "w4 ,if a portion is n complet$ t day1 x is ! fir/ tak5 9 h& ! next1 & if any day on no sections is ! flu% ready1 no leaf is pick$ ! foll[+4 ,ap>t f leaf-pick+1 ! g>d5 & section plan detail$ is useful 9 _m ways4 ,ea* g>d51 if n ea* section :i* mo/ requires x1 is dug1 prun$1 or manur$ at ! be/ "t1 & any spot on ! plantation is easily designat$4 ,! plan facilitates ! measurem5t ( "w1 & enables correct li/s ( ! flu%es ga!r$ to be kept4 ,x is ?us se5 :i* g>d5s yield be/1 & ! wor/ c1 by extra manur+1 be br\ght to equal ^?4 ,9 %ort1 ! advantages are _m1 too num]\s to detail4 ,( c\rse all ?is c be bett] done on a flat g>d5 ?an on "o plant$ on slopes1 & ?\gh x may n be possible to "w x out z mu* 9 detail on ! latt]1 /ill a good deal 9 t way c be done1 & ,i /rongly recomm5d x4 ,9 lay+ out a plantation keep x all z mu* toge!r z possible1 ! m x is 9 "o block ! easi] x is sup]vis$1 ! *eap] x is work$4 ,/ill d n1 ) a view to ?is1 take 9 any bad l&1 = bad l& w nev] pay4 ,let y\r l9es ( ,tea plants1 z f> z practicable1 run ) geometrical regul>ity4 ,y w lat] f9d1 bo? 9 measur+ "w & pick+ leaf1 great advantages !refrom4 ,9 g>d5s :]e ! l9es are n regul> portions are cont9ually be+ pass$ ov] 9 leaf-pick+1 & !reby n only is ! pres5t flu% f su* p>ts lo/1 b ! foll[+ is also ret>d$4 ,if y\r diff]5t g>d5s are s situat$ t ! roads ?r\gh !m1 t is f "o g>d5 to ! o!r1 c be along ! side ( any g>d5 )\t increas+ ! l5g? ( ! road1 by all means adopt t r\te4 ,!re is no su* good b\nd>y = a g>d5 z a road t is be+ cont9ually trav]s$4 ,x w save _m rupees by prev5t+ ! encroa*m5t ( jungle into a g>d51 & m space is ?us also giv5 = plants4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ( no use to d x if a road ?r\gh ! middle ( a g>d5 is %ort]1 z coolies w always take ! %orte/ r\te4 ,! l9es ( plants on slop+ gr\nd %\ld nei!r run up & d[n1 nor directly across ! slope4 ,if !y run up & d[n1 gutt]s or wat]-c\rses w =m betwe5 ! l9es1 & mu* additional e>? w be wa%$ away !reby4 ,if !y run "r across ! hill ! same ?+ w occur betwe5 ! trees 9 ea* l9e1 & ! l[] side ( ea* plant w h its roots laid v b>e4 ,x is on all slopes a *oice ( evils1 b if ! l9es are laid diagonally across ! hill1 s t ! slope along ! l9es %all be a mod]ate "o1 ! evil is r$uc$ z f> z x c be by any arrangem5t ( ! plants4 ,no1 ,i =got2 !re is "o o!r ?+4 ,! clos] ! l9es to ea* o!r1 & ! clos] ! plants 9 ! l9es to ea* o!r1 9 %ort1 ! m ?ickly ! gr\nd on slopes is plant$ ! less w be ! wa%1 = /ems & roots reta9 ! soil 9 its place1 & ! m !re are ! great] ! advantage4 ,:]e slopes are /eep 7?\gh1 rememb]1 /eep slopes are to be avoid$7 t]rac+ may be resort$ to ) advantage1 z ! wa%+ d[n ( ! soil is mu* *eck$ by x4 ,on flat l&1 ( c\rse1 x does n really signify 9 :i* directions ! l9es run1 b su* a g>d5 looks be/ if1 :5 ! roads are /raight1 ! l9es run at "r angles to !m4 ,9 lay+ out a g>d51 *oose a c5tral spot ) wat] h&y = y\r factory1 bungal[1 & all y\r build+s2 let y\r ,tea-h\ses be z close to y\r dwell+-h\se z possible1 s t dur+ ! manufactur+ "t y c be 9 & out at all h\rs ( ! day & night4 ,mu* ( y\r success w dep5d ^u ?is4 ,let all y\r build+s be z ne> to ea* o!r z !y c1 b /ill f> en\gh ap>t1 t any "o build+ may burn )\t endang]+ o!rs4 ,y ne$ n con/ruct any ,tea-build+s until ! ?ird ye>4 ,,footnote3 #ae ,a g>d5 ,i h j f9i%$ 9 ! ,we/]n ,doo>s is #cjj acres 9 ext5t1 all on flat l& )\t any breaks 9 ! cultivation1 & all divid$ into sections ( #e acres ea*4 ,be+ 9 "o l>ge block x is n divid$ into g>d5s at all1 only sections4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,! ,,tea ,,plant4 ,^! are _m1 b !y all arise f two species3 ! ,*9a plant1 ! common ,tea-bu% 9 ,*9a2 & ! indig5\s plant1 fir/ discov]$ "s =ty ye>s ago 9 ,assam4 ,^! are q diff]5t species ( ! same plant4 ,:e!r ! diff]5ce 0 produc$ by climate1 by soil1 or 9 :at way1 no "o kn[s1 & "h we h only to d ) ! facts t !y d diff] 9 e respect4 ,a purely indig5\s plant or tree 7= 9 its wild /ate x may m prop]ly be call$ ! latt]7 gr[s ) "o /em or trunk1 & runs up to #ae & #ah feet high4 ,x is always f\nd 9 ?ick jungle1 & w\ld ?us appe> to l %ade4 ,i believe x does :5 "y2 b ,i am q sure1 if ! jungle 7 cle>$ r\nd an indig5\s ,tea-tree f\nd 9 ! =e/1 x w\ld ?rive bett] f t day4 ,! ,*9a bu% 7= x is nev] m7 aft] ! second ye> has num]\s /ems1 & #f or #g feet w\ld seem to be its limit 9 height4 ,! l[e/ bran*es ( a ,*9a plant are close to ! gr\nd1 b 9 a pure cultivat$ indig5\s1 f #i in*es to #a foot above ! soil ! s+le /em is clean4 ,! indig5\s gr[s quick] aft] ! second or ?ird ye> ?an ! ,*9a1 if x has n be5 ov]-prun$ or ov]-pluck$ :5 "y4 ,9 o!r words1 x flu%es quick]1 = flu%+ is gr[+4 ,! indig5\s does n run s mu* to wood z ! ,*9a4 ,indig5\s se$l+s require to be wat]$ (t5] ?an ,*9a1 = ! latt] d n suff] z quickly f dr\ght4 ,! indig5\s tree has a leaf ( #i in*es long & m4 ,! leaf ( ! ,*9a bu% nev] exce$s #d in*es4 ,! indig5\s leaf is a bright pale gre51 ! ,*9a leaf a dull d>k gre5 col\r4 ,! indig5\s 8flu%es10 t is1 produces new t5d] leaf1 mu* m copi\sly ?an ! ,*9a1 & ?is 9 two ways3 fir/1 ! leaves are l>g]1 & ?us if only ev5 9 numb] exce$ 9 bulk :at ! ,*9a has giv52 & secondly1 x flu%es (t5]4 ,! infusion ( ,tea made f ! indig5\s species is f> m 8rasp+0 & 8pung5t0 ?an :at ! ,*9a plant c give1 & ! ,tea comm&s a mu* high] price4 ,! "y leaves1 f :i* alone ,tea is made1 are ( a mu* f9] & s(t] texture 9 ! indig5\s ?an 9 ! ,*9a2 ! =m] may be comp>$ to sat91 ! latt] to lea!r4 ,! "y leaves ( ! indig5\s1 moreov]1 d n h>d5 s quickly z ^? ( ! ,*9a2 ?us1 if !re is any unavoidable delay 9 pick+ a flu%1 ! loss is less ) ! =m]4 ,9 ! fact t unprun$ or unpick$ plants 7= pick+ is a m9iature prun+7 give few] & less succul5t "y leaves :i* h>d5 quick] ?an prun$ ones1 ! two v>ieties w\ld seem to be alike4 ,! ,*9a v>iety is mu* m prolific ( se$ ?an ! indig5\s2 ! =m] also gives x :5 y\ng]1 & z se$ *ecks leaf1 ! ,*9a is inf]ior 9 ?is z 9 o!r respects4 ,! ,*9a is by f> ! h>di] plant2 x is mu* easi] to re>1 & x w gr[ 9 widely diff]+ climates1 :i* ! indig5\s w n4 ,a pat* ( indig5\s ) a mature flu% on x is a pretty sight4 ,! plants all appe> z if cr[n$ ) gold 7!y are truly s if o!r advantages exi/71 & are a great contra/ to ! ,*9a v>iety if x c also be se5 ne>4 ,i h n[1 ,i ?9k1 po9t$ out ! lead+ *>act]i/ics ( ! two orig9al v>ieties ( ! ,tea plant1 & x /&s to reason no "o w\ld gr[ ! ,*9a :o c\ld get indig5\s4 ,b ! tru? is1 a pure specim5 ( ei!r is r>e4 ,! plants betwe5 indig5\s & ,*9a are call$ 8hybrids40 ,!y 7 9 ! fir/ in/ance produc$ by ! inoculation1 :5 close toge!r1 ( ! poll5 ( "o k9d into ! fl[] ( ! o!r1 & ! result 0 a true hybrid1 p>tak+ equally ( ! indig5\s & ,*9a *>act]i/ics2 b ! process 0 repeat$ aga9 & aga9 betwe5 ! said hybrid & an indig5\s or ,*9a1 & aga9 lat] betwe5 hybrids ( diff]5t degrees1 s t n[ !re are v _m v>ieties ( ! ,tea plant--#ajj or ev5 m--& no g>d5 is :olly indig5\s or :olly ,*9a4 ,s close d ! v>ieties run1 no "o c draw ! l9e & say :]e ! ,*9a becomes a hybrid1 ! hybrid an indig5\s4 ,?\gh z a rule ! "y leaves are light gre5 or d>k gre51 z ! plant approa*es ! indig5\s or ,*9a 9 its "*1 !re are a c]ta9 class ( bu%es all hybrid1 ^: "y leaves h /rong %ades ( crimson & purple4 ,"s ev5 are q r$1 o!rs q purple4 ,^! col\rs d n la/ z ! leaf h>d5s1 & ! matur$ leaves ( ^! plants d n diff] f o!rs4 ,plants ) ^! col\r$ leaves are prolific4 ,! ne>] ea* plant approa*es ! indig5\s1 ! high] its class & excell5ce1 ergo "o plantation is compos$ ( a mu* bett] class ( plants ?an ano!r4 ,_h ,*9a se$ nev] be5 introduc$ into ,india1 a v diff]5t /ate ( ?+s w\ld h exi/$ n[4 ,! cultivation w\ld n h be5 s l>ge1 b f> m valuable4 ,! propagation & re>+ ( ! indig5\s1 z obs]v$1 is difficult2 ! ,*9a is mu* h>di] :ile "y4 ,s difficult is x to re> successively ! pure indig5\s1 p]haps ! be/ plan1 7 x all to come ov] aga91 w\ld be to propagate a high-class hybrid & di/ribute x1 nev] all[+ any ,*9a se$ or plants to leave ! nurs]y1 :i* %\ld h be5 a ,gov]nm5t "o4 ,b we mu/ take ?+s z !y are4 ,! ,gov]nm5t nurs]ies 9 ! ,himalayas & ! ,dehra ,dhoon 7!re h nev] be5 any else:]e1 & worse sites c\ld n h be5 *os57 7 plant$ entirely ) ,*9a se$s1 ! se$l+s di/ribut$ all ov] ! c\ntry1 & ?us ! mis*ief 0 done4 ,! ,indian ,tea is va/ly sup]ior to ! ,*9ese1 & comm&s a mu* high] price at home1 b x is /ill v inf]ior to :at x w\ld h be51 _h n ,*9ese se$ be5 s recklessly import$ & di/ribut$ ov] ! c\ntry4 ,! home ( ! indig5\s ,tea tree is 9 ! deep luxuri\s jungles ( ,assam & ,ca*>4#af ,!re x gr[s into a good-siz$ tree4 ,i h se5 x #bj feet high4 ,^! are ( no use1 except = se$1 until !y are cut d[n4 ,:5 ?is is done1 !y ?r[ out _m new %oots1 cov]$ ) "y t5d] leaves1 fit = ,tea4 ,!y are1 ( c\rse1 f> too big to transplant1 b on "s sites :]e !y 7 num]\s1 t spot 0 *os5 = ! plantation1 & "s ( ^! are ! be/ g>d5s 9 ,assam & ,ca*>4 ,! indig5\s plant & high-class hybrid require a hot moi/ climate1 & w n !re=e fl\ri% 9 any p>ts ( ,india outside ,ea/]n ,b5gal4 ,i h tri$ !m 9 ! ,himalayas1 !re ! cold kills !m4 ,9 ,dehra ,dhoon & ,kangra ! climate is f> too dry2 besides1 ! hot w9ds 9 ! =m]1 & ! cold 9 ! latt]1 are prejudicial4 ,! ,t]ai "u ,d>jeel+ suits !m4 ,9 ,assam1 ,ca*>1 & ,*ittagong1 ! indig5\s & ! highe/ class hybrids w ?rive1 = ! climate ( all ?ree is suitable1 b p]haps ,nor!rn ,assam possesses ! be/ climate ( all = su* plants4 ,! ,himalayan g>d5s consi/ entirely ( ,*9ese plants mix$ occasionally ) a l[ class ( hybrid4 ,!y 7 all =m$ f ! ,gov]nm5t ,nurs]ies :]e no?+ b ,*9ese 0 re>$4 ,occasional importations ( ,assam & ,ca*> se$ w acc\nt = ! spr9kl+ ( l[ class hybrids :i* may be f\nd4 ,! same may be said ( ,dehra ,dhoon & ,kangra4 ,9 "s g>d5s 9 ! ,t]ai bel[ ,d>jeel+ a high class ( plant exi/s4 ,9 ,assam1 ,ca*>1 & ,*ittagong ! plantations v>y mu*1 b all h "s indig5\s & high class hybrids1 :ile _m g>d5s are compos$ ( no?+ else4 ,x is evid5t1 !n1 t ! value ( a g>d5 dep5ds mu* on ! class ( its plants1 & t a wise man w only propagate ! be/4 ,only ! se$ f good v>ieties %\ld be select$1 & gradually all inf]ior bu%es %\ld be root$ out & a good k9d sub/itut$4 ,:5 ?is %all h be5 sy/ematically done = a few ye>s on a good g>d51 :i* has o!r advantages1 ! yield p] acre w f> exce$ any?+ yet realis$ or ev5 ?\ght (4 ,gov]nm5t action 9 ! matt] ( ,tea has be5 prejudicial 9 _m ways1 b 9 none m s ?an :5 !y 7 do+ _! be/ to fo/] ! cultivation by di/ribut+ ,*9ese se$ & se$l+s gratis4 ,no "o c blame "h 7w\ld ! ,gov]nm5t 7 equally free f blame 9 all ,tea matt]s671 b ! mis*ief is none ! less4 ,x w nev] be possible to undo ! h>m !n done4 ,! se$ ( indig5\s1 hybrid1 & ,*9ese is l 9 appe>ance1 & _c be di/+ui%$4 ,?us1 :5 se$ =m]ly 0 got f a di/ance1 ! pur*as] 0 at ! m]cy ( ! v5dor4 ,high cultivation improves ! class ( a ,tea plant4 ,?us1 a purely ,*9a bu%1 if highly cultivat$ & well manur$1 w 9 two or ?ree ye>s assume a hybrid "*4 ,high cultivation w !re=e improve ! class ( all ! plants 9 a g>d52 b ! *eape/ & be/ plan ) l[ class ,*9ese plants is to root !m out & replace !m ) o!rs1 z w be expla9$ h]eaft]4 ,l[ class se$l+s %\ld also be root$ out ( nurs]ies4 ,i _c conclude ?is *apt] bett] ?an by giv+ an extract f ! 8,gov]nm5t ,records0 allud$ to 9 a previ\s *apt]1 & ,i add a few rem>ks at foot1 z o!rwise ! read] might be puzzl$ ) "s op9ions express$ :i* are s mu* at v>iance ) ! g5]ally receiv$ op9ions on ,tea to-day4 ,sid5ote3 ,sev]al v>ieties4 ,k9ds ( ,tea ,plants cultivat$4--8,:5 ,gov]nm5t resolv$ on try+ ! exp]im5t ( cultivat+ ,tea 9 ,india1 !y deput$ ,dr4 ,gordon to ,*9a to acquire in=mation respect+ ! cultivation & manufacture ( ,teas1 & to procure ,tea se$s4 ,aid$ by ,dr4 ,gutzlaff he procur$ a quantity ( se$s f ! m\nta9s 9 ! ,amoy di/ricts4 ,^! se$s 7 s5t to ! ,calcutta ,botanical ,g>d51 :]e !y 7 s[n 9 boxes4 ,on g]m9at+ !y 7 s5t up ! c\ntry 9 boats1 "s to ,assam & "s to ,gurhmuktesur1 & f !nce to ,kumaon & ,gurhwal4 ,f ^! plants date ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,tea plantations 9 ! ,himalayas4#ag ,tea 0 fir/ made 9 ,kumaon 9 #ahda1 & ! samples s5t to ,engl&1 & 7 pron\nc$ to be ( good quality1 fitt$ = ! home m>kets1 & simil> to ! ,oolong ,s\*ong v>ieties4 ,?us ,messrs4 ,?ompson1 ( ,m9c+ ,lane1 report on a sample s5t by u to ,dr4 ,royle 9 #ahdb3 #8,! samples ( ,tea receiv$ belong to ! ,oolong ,s\*ong k9d1 f9e-flav\r$ & /rong4 ,?is is equal to ! sup]ior black ,tea g5]ally s5t z pres5ts1 & bett] = ! mo/ "p ?an ! ,*9ese ,tea import$ = m]cantile purposes4'#ah ,by _m x 0 suppos$ t !re 7 diff]5t species ( ! ,tea plant1 & t ! species cultivat$ 9 ! s\? di/ricts ( ,*9a 0 diff]5t f t met ) 9 ! nor?4 ,to solve ?is my/]y1 & at ! same "t procure ! be/ v>ieties ( ! ,tea plant1 ,mr4 ,=tune 0 deput$ to ,*9a4 ,by him l>ge numb]s ( ,tea plants 7 s5t f diff]5t di/ricts ( ,*9a celebrat$ = _! ,teas1 & are n[ ?riv+ luxuriantly 9 all ! plantations ?r\gh\t ! ,kohi/an ( ! ,nor?-we/ ,prov9ces & ,punjab4 ,bo? gre5 & black ,tea plants 7 s5t1 ! =m] f ,:ey ,*[1 ,mooye51 ,*usan1 ,silv] ,isl&1 & ,te9 ,tang1 ne> ,n+po1 & ! latt] f ,woo-e ,san1 ,te9 ,san1 & ,ts9 ,gan1 9 ! ,woo-e di/rict4 ,b s simil> are ! gre5 & black ,tea plants to ea* o!r1 & ! plants f ! ,amoy di/ricts1 t ! mo/ practis$ eye1 :5 !y are mix$ toge!r1 _c sep>ate !m1 %[+ t !y are no?+ m ?an m]e v>ieties ( "o & ! same plant1 ! *anges 9 ! =m ( ! leaf be+ br\ght ab\t by cultivation4 ,moreov]1 ?r\gh\t ! plantation fifty v>ieties might easily be po9t$ out2 b !y run s into ea* o!r z to r5d] x impossible to assign !m any trivial "*1 & ! produce ( ! se$ ( diff]5t v>ieties does n produce ! same v>ieties only1 b sev]al v>ieties1 prov+ t ! *anges are entirely ow+ to cultivation2 nor d ! plants1 cultivat$ at #f1jjj feet 9 ! ,himalayas1 diff] 9 ! lea/ 9 _! v>ieties f ^? cultivat$ at #b1ejj feet ( altitude 9 ! ,dehra ,dhoon4 ,sid5ote3 ,assam species4 8,t ! ,assam plant is a m>k$ species is true1 x be+ di/+ui%$ by its l>ge membran\s & lanceolate leaf1 small fl[]1 & upright gr[?4 8,x is a v inf]ior plant = mak+ ,tea1 & its leaves are !re=e n us$4#ai ,?\gh ! plants receiv$ f ! diff]5t di/ricts ( ,*9a d n diff] f ^? fir/ s5t to ! plantations1 x is highly important to "k t ! ,tea plants f well-kn[n gre5 & black ,tea di/ricts ( ,*9a n[ exi/ 9 ! plantations1 z x is /at$ t local causes ex]t a great influ5ce 9 ! quality ( ! ,teas z mu* z ! manufacture does4 ,! exp5se1 !re=e1 incurr$ 9 /ock+ ! ,gov]nm5t plantations ) ! f9e/ k9ds & v>ieties ( ,tea plants procurable 9 ,*9a1 ?\gh great1 w be amply repaid4 ,f !m sup]ior k9ds ( ,tea are produc$40 ,! above extract is a sample ( ! said 8,records40 ,!y ab\nd 9 errors & highly col\r$ /atem5ts1 :i* induc$ _m to emb>k 9 ,tea on unfav\rable sites1 & 8! r$ book0 7x is b\nd 9 a r$ cov]7 is n exactly bless$ by ! majority ( ! ,himalayan plant]s6 ,,footnotes3 #af ,x is a s+ul> fact t none exi/s 9 ,nor!rn ,ca*>1 t is1 on ! nor!rn side ( ! riv]4 #ag ,& also ! introduction ( a bad class ( plants4--,e4 ,m4 #ah ,a s+le small sample ( ,tea v c>efully made1 & ) an am\nt ( lab\r :i* c\ld nev] be be/[$ on ! mass1 is little or no crit]ion4 ,tea is bett] made 9 ,kumaon 9 #ahgh ?an x 0 9 #ahdb1 b ,kumaon ,tea does n vie 9 price ) ,ea/]n ,b5gal produce4 ,all ! ,himalayan ,tea is weak1 ?\gh ( a delicate flav\r2 all ,tea gr[n at high elevation mu/ be s4--,e4 ,m4 #ai ,a little enquiry w\ld h %[n ?is 0 n true1 ev5 :5 x 0 writt54 ,all ,tea plant]s1 brok]s1 & all int]e/$ 9 ,tea1 "k n[ 7_m knew x !n7 t ! 8,assam species10 viz41 ! indig5\s1 makes ! mo/ valuable ,tea produc$4--,e4 ,m4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,tea ,,se$4 ,?\gh !re is a great diff]5ce 9 ,tea plants 7see la/ *apt]7 ! se$ ( all is ! same1 & x is !re=e impossible to say f :at class ( plants x has be5 ga!r$4 ,:5 ,tea se$ 0 v valuable 7x has sold 9 ! ,tea-fev] days z high z ,rs4 #bjj & ,rs4 #cjj p] maund7 x 0 ! object ( plant]s to gr[ z mu* z possible4 ,high class plants d n give mu* se$1 a plantation !re=e ) mu* on x %\ld be avoid$ 9 pur*as+ se$4 ,! ,tea fl[] 7! g]m ( next ye>'s se$7 appe>s 9 ! autumn1 & ! se$ is ripe at ! end ( ! foll[+ ,octob] or e>ly ,novemb]4 ,x takes ?us "o ye> to =m4 ,se$ is ripe :5 ! capsule becomes br[n1 & :5 break+ ! latt] ! inn] br[n cov]+ ( ! se$ adh]es to ! se$ & n to ! capsule4 ,"o capsule conta9s #a1 #b1 #c1 & sometimes ev5 #d se$s4 ,?\gh ! mass rip5s at ! end ( ,octob]1 "s rip5 e>li]2 ! capsule splits & ! se$ falls on ! gr\nd4 ,if1 !re=e1 all ! se$ f a g>d5 is requir$1 x is well to s5d r\nd boys all ,octob] to pick up su* se$s4 ,:5 ! se$ is pick$ at ! end ( ,octob] or e>ly ,novemb] ! mass is /ill 9 capsules4 ,x %\ld be laid 9 ! sun = half an h\r daily = two or ?ree days until mo/ ( ! capsules h split4 ,x is !n %ell$1 & ! clean se$ laid on ! floor ( any build+ :]e x w rema9 dry4 ,sunn+ x aft] %ell+ is objectionable4 ,! soon] x is s[n aft] x is %ell$ ! bett]4 ,if = any reason x is necess>y to keep x1 say a =tnight or ?ree weeks be=e s[+1 x is be/ kept t[>ds g]m9at+ 9 lay]s cov]$ ) dry m\ld4 ,b if to be kept long] leave x on ! dry floor z above1 tak+ c>e x is ?9ly spread 7n m ?an "o se$ ?ick if y h space7 & collect$ toge!r1 & re-spread e day to turn x4 ,= transport to a di/ance x %\ld be plac$ 9 co>se gunny bags only "o-?ird fill$4 ,if ^! are %ak5 & turn$ daily dur+ transit a j\rney ( a week w n v mat]ially injure ! se$4 ,= any long j\rney x is be/ plac$ 9 lay]s 9 boxes ) ?or\ghly dry & f9e *>coal betwe5 ! lay]s1 & %eets ( pap] "h & !re to prev5t ! *>coal runn+ to ! bottom4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to consid] h[ ,tea se$ c be utiliz$ :5 n saleable1 = se$ prev5ts leaf1 & !re=e x %\ld n be gr[n if !re is no m>ket = x4 ,x w1 h[ev]1 make oil1 b ! price x w\ld fet* = ?is purpose w\ld n comp5sate = ! dim9i%$ yield ( leaf x _h caus$4 ,x is also valuable z manure mix$ ) cattle-dung1 b x w\ld n pay to gr[ x = ?is purpose ei!r4 ,my advice !re=e is to all[ no m se$ on ! g>d5 ?an y require = y\r own use 7ev5 ! fulle/ g>d5s require "s ye>ly7 or ?an y c sell at a remun]ative price4 ,if ! object is to produce a consid]able quantity ( se$1 set ap>t a piece ( ! plantation = x1 & d n prune x at all4 ,a l>ge numb] w !n be produc$ on t piece4 ,if ! object is to gr[ z little se$ z possible aft] ! prun+ 9 ! cold wea!r1 :i* de/roys ! great] "p1 s5d r\nd boys to pick (f su* ( ! g]ms z rema94 ,if ?is is done ev] s c>efully1 "s w escape1 en\gh say to give "o maund se$ f #aj acres ( g>d51 & ?is z a rule is en\gh to fill up vacancies 9 a good g>d54 ,! foll[+ figures reg>d+ se$ w be f\nd useful1 b rememb] ! high] ! class ( plant ! less durable ! se$3-- ,sev5 maunds se$1 ) capsules1 give #d mds4 clean se$4 ,"o maund clean se$ 7fre%7 #bf1jjj se$s4 7t5 days old7 #cb1jjj 7"o mon? old7 #ce1jjj ,say !re=e1 9 r\nd numb]s1 t "o maund ,tea se$#cj1jjj se$s4 ,) good ,tea se$1 s[n %ortly aft] x is pick$1 ab\t #bj1jjj w g]m9ate4 ,if y get #h1jjj to g]m9ate ) se$ t has come a long di/ance1 y are lucky4 ,aft] a two mon?s' j\rney #c1jjj is probably ! outside :i* w be realis$4 ,my exp]i5ce1 ) se$ import$ into ano!r ,di/rict f ,assam or ,ca*>1 is t m ?an #d1ejj ,se$l+s _c be expect$ f ea* maund4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,comp>ison ,,betwe5 ,,s[+ ,,9 ,,nurs]ies ,,& ,,9 ,,situ4 ,9 ! "o case ! se$ is plac$ 9 nurs]ies at ! close ( ! ye>1 & ! "y plants transplant$ into ! g>d5 at beg9n+ ( ! foll[+ ra9s4 ,9 ! o!r ! se$ is 7at ! same "t1 viz41 close ( ! ye>1 if y c get x s soon7 s[n at once 9 ! plantation :]e ! plants are int5d$ to gr[4 ,ea* ( ^! plans has its advocates1 :o don't believe 9 ! o!r plan at all6 ,! "q is :i* is ! bett]8 ,_! respective advantages may be %ortly summ$ up z foll[s3-- ,,nurs]ies4 ,advantages4--,! se$ may be made to g]m9ate e>ly by wat]+4 ,aft] x g]m9ates ! plants c be wat]$ f "t to "t z !y require x4 ,artificial %ade 7a great help to ! g]m9ation ( ,tea se$7 c be giv54 ,! soil c be frequ5tly op5$1 & ! plants 9 e way bett] t5d$ 9 nurs]ies4 ,disadvantages4--,! plants lose at lea/ ?ree mon?s' gr[? :5 transplant$1 & may die4 ,! transplant+ necessitates lab\r at ! "t ( ! ye> x is mu* want$ = o!r "w4 ,! exp5se is great] ?an ! o!r plan1 = !re are ! nurs]ies to make & ! lab\r ( transplant+4 ,,9 ,,situ4 ,advantages4--,! plants ga9 "s ?ree mon?s 9 gr[? by n be+ mov$4 ,x saves lab\r at ! busy "t1 viz41 e>ly 9 ! ra9s4 ,x saves all ! lab\r ( transplant+1 t is1 x saves lab\r absolutely1 & gives lab\r :51 z /at$1 x is mu* requir$4 ,disadvantages4--,if ! e>ly ra9s 7t is1 ra9 9 ,decemb]1 ,janu>y1 & ,febru>y7 fail1 b few se$s g]m9ate4 ,9 ! case ( a new g>d51 ! soil mu/ be kept clean six or sev5 mon?s be=e x w\ld be necess>y by ! nurs]y plan4 ,no artificial %ade c be giv54 ,x w ?us be se5 t ! advocates ( bo? plans h mu* to urge 9 _! respective fav\rs4 ,:i* is bett]8 ,! advocates ( ea* plan are guid$ by ! climate !y h plant$ ,tea 91 & ! tru? is simply t ! bett] plan = "o place is n adapt$ to ano!r4 ,plant+ 9 situ :]e x w succe$ is by f> ! *eap] & bett]1 & x w d s :]ev] !re are c]ta9ly cold wea!r & spr+ ra9s4 ,?us 7see ra9 table7 x w (t5 succe$ 9 ,assam1 ,ca*>1 ,d>jeel+1 ! ,we/]n ,doo>s1 & p]haps ! ,t]ai bel[ ,d>jeel+4 ,x w fail 9 ,*ittagong1 ,dehra ,dhoon1 ,kumaon1 ,kangra1 & ,haz>eebaugh4 ,9 ,*ittagong1 = in/ance1 a g>d5 c\ld nev] be made by plant+ 9 situ1 or1 z x is g5]ally call$1 at /ake4#bj ,9 ?is & o!r matt]s adapt y\r op]ations to ! exi/+ climate4 ,i w n[ describe ! above two me?ods ( s[+ se$4 ,,footnote3 #bj ,9 no climate is ! success ( x c]ta91 = e>ly ra9s (t5 fail1 & !n x is all loss4 ,i w\ld1 !re=e1 9 all cases advise nurs]ies 9 res]ve4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,s[+ ,,se$ ,,9 ,,situ1 ,,id ,,e/1 ,,at ,,/ake4 ,x is nam$ 8at /ake0 because /akes are put along 9 l9es to %[ :]e ! ,tea trees are to be1 & ! se$ is s[n at ^? spots4 ,! modus op]&i is v simple4 ,a mon? be=e ! s[+ "t 7:i* %\ld be z soon z y c get ! se$71 at ea* /ake dig a hole at lea/ #i in*es diamet] & #ab in*es deep1 put ! soil tak5 out on ! sides1 tak+ c>e1 h[ev]1 if x be on a slope1 to put none above ! hole4 ,d n put ! soil ne> en\gh to ! pit to make x likely x w be wa%$ back4 ,su* soil z %\ld be wa%$ 9 ought to be ! new ri* surface soil4 ,= ?is reason ! upp] side ( ! hole %\ld be left free on slopes4 ,! pits are made a mon? be=eh& to admit ( ?is1 & to all[ ! action ( ! air on ! op5 sides to improve ! m\ld4 ,if lucky en\gh to h "o or two falls ( ra9 dur+ ! mon?1 ! holes w be m or less fill$ up ) soil em95tly calculat$ to in/igate rapid gr[?4 ,j be=e s[+ fill up ! pit ) surr\nd+ surface soil4 ,:e!r to mix a little manure ) x or n is a "q4 ,if x is virg9 soil1 & ri* 9 decay$ vegetation1 ,i say no2 if n virg9 soil1 & r poor1 yes2 b x mu/ be /rictly 9 mod]ation--n m1 say1 ?an a man c hold 9 bo? h&s to ea* hole4 ,9 fill+ up ! hole1 press ! soil d[n lightly two or ?ree times1 or x w all s9k lat]1 & y\r se$s be f> too deep4 ,:5 ! above is all done1 !re is a p]fect spot = ! reception ( ! se$4 ,! tap-root c readily desc5d 9 se>* ( moi/ure1 & ! lat]al rootlets c spread likewise4 ,!y 7! latt]7 w n rea* ! out] walls ( ! pit = six mon?s1 & w !n be /rong en\gh to =ce _! way ?r\gh4 ,n[ s[ ! se$4 ,put 91 say1 two or ?ree1 z ! se$ is good or bad1 six in*es ap>t2 pu% !m into ! s(t soil "o in*1 & put up ! /ake 9 ! c5tre to m>k ! spot4 ,keep ! place clean till foll[+ ra9s1 b all[ only h&-we$+ ne> ! "y se$l+s1 & occasionally op5 ! soil ) "s light h&-in/rum5t1 z a 8koorpee10 to ! dep? ( half-an-in*4 ,if all ! se$s g]m9ate1 & ! se$l+s escape crickets1 & all live1 at comm5cem5t ( ! ra9s leave ! be/ & transplant ! o!rs to any vacant spot4 ,y w succe$ ) "s1 n ) o!rs2 b d n be too anxi\s to take up ! sp>e ones ) e>? r\nd ! roots1 & ?us endang] ! "o plant left4 ,t ! se$l+ left be n injur$ is ! great po9t1 ! o!rs mu/ take _! *ance4 ,"s p believe 9 two1 or ev5 ?ree se$l+s toge!r1 & w\ld ?us advise !m to be all1 or p]haps two1 left4 ,i d n approve ( ! plan1 except1 p]haps1 ) ,*9ese plants4 ,plant z close z y w 9 ! l9es1 b give ea* plant its own home4 ,!re is ano!r mode ( plant+ at /ake1 :i* is1 ,i ?9k1 bett] ?an ! above4 ,lay ! se$ 9 alt]nate lay]s ( se$ & m\ld 9 b$s4 ,! se$s may be laid close to ea* o!r1 b n above ea* o!r1 ) m\ld1 say1 two in*es ?ick1 above1 & !n se$ aga94 ,:5 !y beg9 to bur/1 ready to %oot out _! roots1 exam9e ! se$s1 by tak+ (f ! soil f ea* lay]1 e ?ree or f\r days4 ,take out ^? t h bur/1 & plant ) ! eye or root side ( ! se$ d[nw>ds4 ,put all t h n bur/ back aga94 ,repeat ! op]ation aga9 & aga9 e second or ?ird day4 ,be c>eful & take !m up be=e ! root projects--t is1 directly ! coat+ has crack$4 ,by ?is means only "o se$ ne$ be put at ea* /ake1 = x is c]ta9 to g]m9ate1 & se$ may ?us be made to g mu* fur!r4 ,great c>e is1 h[ev]1 necess>y 9 ?is op]ation4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,nurs]ies4 ,*oose a level site1 )1 if possible1 ! comm& ( wat] at a high] level--anyh[ ) wat] h&y4 ,ei!r irrigat+ or h&-wat]+ = se$ b$s is a necessity if vigor\s & well-develop$ plants are to be look$ =4 ,! soil %\ld be ( ! light1 friable k9d recomm5d$ = ! ,tea-plant 7see 8,soil07 & ( ! same nature z ! soil ( ! g>d51 ! ultimate home ( ! plants4 ,?is latt] is all-important1 = se$l+s w nev] ?rive 7probably n live7 transplant$ into a new k9d ( m\ld1 p>ticul>ly a poor] k9d4 ,if possible1 ! soil ( ! se$ b$s %\ld be poor] ?an ! soil ( ! g>d5--on no acc\nt ri*]4 ,tak+ c>e x is ( ! same nature z ! g>d5 soil1 *oose ! poore/ y c f9d4 ,! pr9ciple is well kn[n 9 ,engl&1 & x applies equally to ,india4 ,f poor to ri* soil plants ?rive1 b nev] ! o!r way4 ,= ! above reason1 if y manure se$ b$s1 d x v sp>+ly4 ,artificial %ade = se$ b$s is a necessity2 at lea/ v _m m se$s w g]m9ate :5 x is giv54 ,natural %ade ov] se$ b$s is v bad2 =1 fir/ly1 8! dripp+s0 are highly injuri\s2 &1 secondly1 %ade is only requir$ till ! plants are two or ?ree in*es high2 aft] t any %ade is bad1 = plants br\ght up to ! "t ( transplant+ 9 %ade are nev] v h>dy4 ,se$ b$s1 :]e wat] is h&y1 %\ld n be dug deep4 ,if s dug1 & ! soil is consequ5tly loose a long way d[n1 ! tap-root w desc5d quickly1 & w be too long :5 transplant$4 ,z wat] c be giv5 :5 x is necess>y1 !re is no ne$ = ! tap-root to g d[n l[ 9 se>* ( moi/ure4#ba ,a long tap-root is g5]ally brok5 9 8lift+0 ! se$l+ f ! b$4 ,se$ b$s rais$1 z is ! usual cu/om1 above ! pa?s t run betwe5 !m1 are objectionable4 ,!y "p ) moi/ure too freely4 ,!y %\ld1 on ! contr>y1 be bel[ ! level ( ! pa?s1 & !re is ano!r advantage 9 ?is1 = ! said pa?s c !n be us$ p>tly z supports = ! artificial %ade1 & ?us d away ) ! exp5se ( long wood5 /akes4 ,z ! se$ b$s are only requir$ until ! beg9n+ ( ! foll[+ ra9s1 !re is no possibility ( _! suff]+ f excessive moi/ure4 ,:5 !y are requir$ to rema9 lat]1 ( c\rse ?is plan ( mak+ ! b$s l[] ?an ! pa?s w n d4 ,se$ is be/ s[n 9 drills1 six in*es ap>t1 & ea* se$ two1 or if space c be got1 ev5 ?ree in*es f its neighb\r4 ,?is facilitates ea* se$l+ be+ tak5 up lat]1 ) m or less ( a ball ( e>? r\nd ! roots--an all-important po9t 7see ,transplant+1 page #gf74 ,! l5g? ( ! b$s does n signify1 b ! bread? mu/ n be m ?an five feet1 s t a man on ! pa? on ei!r side c rea* to ! middle :ile h&-we$+ or op5+ ! soil4 ,aft] :at has be5 said no l5g?y directions = mak+ ! b$s are necess>y4 ,cut d[n1 burn1 or c>ry (f all jungle1 & !n take out all roots1 :e!r grass or o!r4 ,n[ make ! surface level4 ,aft] ?is m>k (f ! b$s & pa?s1 ! latt] "o foot broad only1 ) /r+ & pegs4 ,!n raise ! pa? six in*es above ! spots m>k$ (f = ! b$s4 ,?is latt] mu/ n be done by e>? f ! b$s1 b by e>? f outside ! int5d$ nurs]y4 ,next dig & pulv]ise ! soil ( ! b$s to a dep? ( six or sev5 in*es1 no m1 & level ! surface4 ,all is n[ ready = ! se$4 ,a /r+1 five feet long1 ) a small peg at ei!r end1 is giv5 to two m5 :o /& on ! pa? at ei!r side ( ! b$4 ,ea* man has a six-in* measure4 ,! /r+ is laid across ! b$1 beg9n+ at "o end & pegg$ d[n on ei!r side4 ,a drill is !n made along ! /r+ ab\t "o in* deep1 & ?is done ! /r+ is1 by means ( ! six-in* measure on ei!r side1 remov$1 & pegg$ d[n aga9 9 ! place = ! next drill4 ,se$s are !n s[n or plac$ along ! fir/ drill made1 two or ?ree in*es ap>t1 & ! e>? fill$ 94 ,?is is repeat$ aga9 & aga9 till ! :ole b$ is s[n4 ,if ! "* ( ! se$ is d\btful x mu/ be laid 9 ?ick]1 b ) good se$ two-&-a-half to ?ree in*es is ! be/ di/ance4 ,! s[+ f9i%$ ! artificial %ade has to be giv54 ,along ! pa?s1 at five feet ap>t1 put 9 =k$ /akes1 two feet long--viz41 six in*es into ! pa?1 & eighte5 in*es above x4 ,connect ^! ) "o ano!r by poles laid 9 ! =ks2 n[ lay o!r 7b ?9n]7 poles atta*$ to ! fir/ poles at ei!r end across & above ! b$2 & aga9 across ^! latt]1 t is along ! l5g? ( ! b$s1 split bamboos1 & !n b9d ! :ole framework "h & !re4 ,! said framework made w !n be two feet above ! b$s--viz41 eighte5 in*es ( /ake support1 & ! six-in* rais$ pa?s4 ,! eighte5 in*es ( op5+ all r\nd1 "u ! frame1 t is1 betwe5 ! frame & ! pa?1 all[s ! necess>y air to circulate2 :ile ! exp5se1 dang] f high w9ds1 & ! objectionable entrance ( ! sun at ! sides1 all ( :i* high artificial %ade is subject to1 are avoid$ by ?is l[ frame-"w4 ,mats are ! be/ to cov] ! frame-"w4 ,9 case ( accid5tal or inc5di>y fire !y are n s objectionable z grass1 = !y burn less & sl[]1 b mats are exp5sive4 ,any co>se grass 7fre$ f se$7 w answ]1 & x %\ld be laid on z ?9 z w suffice to give %ade4 ,! b$s may be wat]$1 if !re is no ra91 a =tnight aft] ! se$ is s[n1 & f "t to "t dur+ ! dry season1 :5ev] ! soil at a dep? ( ?ree or f\r in*es %[s no moi/ure4 ,! soil %\ld also be kept free ( we$s1 & aft] ! plants are ?ree or f\r in*es high1 ! spaces betwe5 ! drills %\ld be slightly /irr$ e n[ & !n4 ,aft] ! se$ has g]m9at$1 & ! se$l+s h1 say1 f\r leaves on !m1 ! artificial %ade %\ld be tak5 away4 ,b x mu/ be done gradually1 tak+ (f portions ( ! grass fir/1 s t ! "y se$l+s may by degrees be inur$ to ! hot sun4 ,?\gh cultivation1 z describ$1 by wat]+ & op5+ ! soil at times is well1 ^! %\ld n be done mu*1 or ! se$l+s w be too l>ge :5 ! "t comes to transplant !m4 ,l>ge se$l+s d n1 z a rule1 ?rive z well z mod]ate-siz$ ones1 aft] be+ transplant$4 ,among ! _m v absurd mi/akes made 9 ! cultivation ( ! ,tea plant1 none exce$s ! ridicul\s way ,tea se$ us$ to be s[n 9 ! ,gov]nm5t plantations 9 ! ,nor?-we/]n ,himalayas4 ,! se$ 0 s[n 9 drills1 z ,i h advis$1 b 9 six l9e> in*es ( ! drills1 :]e x is "r to put two1 or at mo/ ?ree1 se$s1 p]haps ?irty 7 plac$6 ,i d n exagg]ate2 ! drill1 six in*es deep1 0 fill$ ) !m4 ,_m & _m lacs ( se$1 9 ^? days wor? _m ?\s& rupees1 7 ?us sacrific$4 ,private plant]s 9 ! ,himalayas1 taught by ! ,gov]nm5t me?od1 once did ! same4 ,i believe ! absurd practice is explod$ n[4 ,se$ _c be s[n too soon aft] be+ pick$4 ,x is ripe e>ly 9 ,novemb]1 s ! b$s %\ld be all ready by ,novemb]1 & if ! se$ has n f> to come x c ?us be s[n e>ly t mon?4 ,to ea* maund !re are 9 r\nd numb]s #cj1jjj se$s1 7see page #ef74 ,! numb] ( plants x w take to fill an acre dep5ds1 ( c\rse1 on ! di/ances !y are set ap>t 7see page #gb71 b hav+ decid$ ?is po9t1 also ! area to be plant$1 & consequ5tly ! numb] ( maunds ( se$s to be s[n 7see page #ef71 ! foll[+ table w be f\nd useful 9 calculat+ ! size ( nurs]y requir$3-- ,table %[+ ! size ( nurs]y requir$ = "o maund & t5 maunds se$1 ! drills be+ #f in*es ap>t1 & ea* se$ #c in*es or #b in*es f its neighb\r4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ,di/ance ea*,area 9 sq4,area1 9 sq4 feet1,area1 includ+,size ( nurs]y1 se$ is set in*es ea*( b$s )\t pa?s requir$ includ+ ! ap>t 9 ! se$ wpa?s requir$ == ea* md4 pa?s to take 9 drill4 occupy4 ea* md4 = #aj mds4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------- #c in*es #ah #c1gfc #d1eac sq4 feet #ajj y>ds or by #eja sq4 y>ds4 #ej y>ds4 #b in*es #ab #b1ejj #b1iie sq4 feet #ajj y>ds or by #ccb sq4 y>ds4 #cc y>ds4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ,if nurs]ies = m ?an t5 maunds are requir$1 !n all[ #ajj y>ds to be ! bread?1 & = ea* extra t5 maunds add respectively = #c or #b in*es 7see #a/ column7 #ej or #cc y>ds to ! l5g?4 ,?us fifty maunds w require nurs]ies #ajj y>ds by #bej y>ds1 or #ajj y>ds by #afe y>ds1 accord+ z x is decid$ to plant ! se$ #c in*es or #b in*es ap>t 9 ! l9es4 ,,footnote3 #ba ,9 plant+ 8at /ake0 7see la/ ,*apt]7 ! conditions are diff]5t4 ,!re ! plant is 9 its p]man5t home1 & ! m quickly & deep] ! tap-root desc5ds ! bett]1 z ! plant w !n draw moi/ure f l[ d[n :5 ! soil is dry4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,manure4 ,an idea exi/$ =m]ly--got1 ,i believe1 f /ray ,*9am51 :o ,i don't ?9k knew mu* ab\t ,tea 9 any way--t manure1 ?\gh x increas$ ! yield1 spoilt ! flav\r ( ,tea4 ,! idea is oppos$ to all agricultural k1 = high cultivation1 :i* 9 no case c be c>ri$ out to p]fection )\t manure1 mu* improves ! /r5g? & flav\r ( all edibles1 ! product ( "m-e>?4 ,my fir/ exp]i5ce ( manure to ! ,tea plant 0 obta9$ 9 ! ,*ittagong di/rict f a small g>d5 close to ! /ation1 :i* has be5 = "s ye>s highly manur$4 ,i 0 /ruck ) ! frequ5cy & abundance ( ! flu%es & ! /r5g? & flav\r ( ! ,tea4 ,my high op9ion ( ! ,tea 0 lat] borne out by ! ,calcutta brok]s4 ,i allude to ! 8,pione]0 g>d51 close to ! ,*ittagong /ation4 ,dur+ ! be/ ,tea mon?s flu% succe$$ flu% at int]vals ( less ?an a week1 :ile eight to t5 maunds 7#fdj to #hjj lbs47 0 ! ye>ly yield p] acre6 ,! soil 0 v s&y & poor4 ,aft]-exp]i5ce %[$ me t manur+ ne>ly d\bles ! yield ( plants1 & t s f> f injur+ ! flav\r ( ,tea x improves x1 :ile x adds greatly to ! /r5g?4 ,i %all !re=e beg ! "q t manure is an advantage4 ,if any plant] d\bts1 let him try x1 & 8 d\bts w soon be solv$4 ,any manure is bett] ?an none1 b ,i believe "o ( ! be/ manures = ! ,tea plant 7always except+ night-soil & ! excrem5ts ( birds1 :i* _c be procur$7 is cattle manure4 ,x is n heat+1 l horse-dung1 & may be appli$ 9 l>ge quantities )\t any risk4 ,! fre%] x is appli$1 9 my op9ion1 ! bett]1 = x has !n f> m p[]4 ,if mix$ ) any vegetable refuse1 ! bulk be+ increas$1 x w g fur!r1 b ,i d n ?9k x is intr9sically any ! bett] = x4 ,!re are sev]al *emical manures adv]tis$ = ,tea plants4 8,money & ,pond]'s ,*emical ,manure10 lately pat5t$ by ,mr4 ,pond] & myself1 is said to h be5 v successful on sev]al g>d5s4 ,x is manufactur$ by ,mr4 ,j4 ,?ompson1 ,koo%tea1 ,b5gal1 :o w supply all details4 ,all g>d5 refuse %\ld be reg>d$ z manure & buri$ betwe5 ! plants4 ,i allude to ! prun+s ( ! bu%es & ! we$s at all times f ! l&4 ,to c>ry ^! (f ! gr\nd1 z ,i h sometimes se5 done1 is simply tak+ (f s mu* /r5g? f ! soil4 ,! gre5]1 too1 all ?is is buri$ ! bett]4 ,:5 x is consid]$ h[ mu* is tak5 f ! ,tea plant1 x is evid5t ! soil w be exhau/$1 soon] or lat]1 if no means are adopt$ to repair ! wa/e4 ,:]e manure _c be got ! wa/e mu/ be made up1 z f> z possible1 by return+ all o!r gr[? to ! soil4 ,b manure %\ld be got if possible1 = x w d\ble ! yield ( a g>d52 & highly conc5trat$ *emical manures w1 ,i am sure1 be ev5tually mu* us$ on ,tea g>d5s4 ,! be/ way to apply x1 if en\gh manure is procurable1 is r\nd ea* plant2 n close to ! /em 7! rootlets by :i* ! plant fe$s are n !re7 b ab\t #a foot f x4 ,dig a r\nd tr5* ) a kodalee1 ab\t #i in*es wide & #f in*es deep1 at ! above di/ance f ! /em1 lay 9 ! manure1 & replace ! soil at top4 ,if ! plants are "y ! tr5* %\ld be n>r[]1 %all[]1 & #f in*es1 in/ead ( #a foot1 f ! /ems4 ,if en\gh manure is n procurable = ?is 7! be/7 plan1 ! mo/ mu/ be done ) :at c be got1 z foll[s3--,if ! plants are full gr[n1 & !re is say #d feet betwe5 ! l9es1 dig a tr5* d[n ! c5tre & lay 9 ! manure4 ,! plants w !n be manur$ on two sides4 ,if ! plants are "y lay ! manure ne> !m on two sides1 if possible1 b fail+ t ev5 on "o side4 ,! pr9ciple is to lay ! manure at ! di/ance ! fe$+ rootlets are1 & ! old] ! plant ! great] di/ance ^! are f its /em4 ,z to ! quantity ( cattle manure4 ,say = plants f\r ye>s old & upw>ds 7if y\ng]1 less w be an equival5t7 "o maund to #bj trees is a mod]ate dose1 "o maund to #ae trees a good dose1 & "o maund to #aj trees highly lib]al manur+1 & z mu* z ! plants c take up4 ,say 9 r\nd numb]s ea* acre conta9s #b1ejj plants 7#d by #d--;a usual di/ance--gives #b1gbb plants1 z %[n at page #gb71 & say ! manure is procurable at ?ree annas a maund4#bb ,! foll[+ table %[s ! exp5se ( ea* degree ( manur+1 viz41 #aj1 #ae1 & #bj trees p] maund3-- ,table %[+ ! possible co/ & result ( manur+ ) cattle manure4 ,key3 ,a3 ,maunds ( manure p] acre at #b1ejj plants p] acre ,b3 ,co/ ( manure at #c annas p] maund ,n4,b4--,ans4 omitt$ ,c3 ,probable extra yield ( ,tea p] acre ,d3 ,value ( extra yield ( ,tea at ,rs4 #ej p] maund ,e3 ,pr(it by manur+ p] acre ,f3 ,d$uct+ ! probable co/ ( putt+ 9 ! manure1 ! foll[+ pr(it is %[n p] acre ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,rate ( ,manur+ ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,mds4 ,rs4 ,mds4 ,rs4 ,rs4 ,rs4 ,"o md4 to #aj plants #bej #dg #b-a_/b #abe #gh #gj ,"o md4 to #ae plants #aff #ca #b #ajj #fi #fb ,"o md4 to #bj plants #abe #bc #a-a_/b #ge #eb #df ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,x is n too mu* to calculate t ?is w add respectively #a-a_/b1 #b1 & #b-a_/b maunds ( ,tea p] acre to ! yield1 & ,i h c>ri$ ?is out 9 ! table & %[n ! results4 ,i q believe ! results %[n w be obta9$ by manur+1 & ,i base my op9ion on practice n !ory4 ,n4,b4--,i h d$uct$ ,rs4 #h = ! fir/1 ,rs4 #g = ! second1 & ,rs4 #f = ! ?ird1 z ! probable co/ ( putt+ 9 ! manure1 z x may h to be c>ri$ f ! factory to ! g>d54 ,if pur*as$ aft] be+ plac$ betwe5 ! l9es 7& if manure is b\ght ( adjac5t villag]s !y w s place x71 ! co/ w\ld be less4 ,! above table1 ( c\rse1 only applies to localities :]e cattle manure c be pur*as$ at #c annas p] maund1 includ+ c>riage to ! factory4 ,! value ( ! extra yield ( ,tea is e/imat$ at only ,rs4 #ej p] maund 9 ! above table1 because ! leaf :i* w give "o maund ( ,tea is wor? no m1 z foll[s3-- ,rs4 ,a4 ,p4 ,probable price obta9able = "o maund or #hj lbs4 ,tea 9 ,calcutta1 at #ad annas a lb4 all r\nd 7a fair calculation1 "o ye> ) ! o!r1 if x is well manufactur$74 #gj #j #j ,d$uct co/1 manufacture1 pack+1 transport1 & brok]'s *>ges z set out 9 ! *apt] on 8co/ manufacture10 page #afb #af #i #j -------------- ,value ( leaf :i* w make "o maund ,tea #ec #g #j ,b ,i pref] e/imat+ x at ,rs4 #ej only1 to be on ! safe side4 ,,footnote3 #bb ,x is br\ght & plac$ betwe5 ! l9es1 9 "o g>d5 9 ! ,*ittagong di/rict1 = "o to two annas a maund6 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,di/ances ,,ap>t ,,to ,,plant ,,tea ,,bu%es4 ,:5 ! idea exi/$1 :i* x did once1 t pl\ghs c\ld be us$ to cultivate a g>d5 betwe5 ! l9es1 ^! latt]1 ) ?is object1 7 plac$ unnecess>ily wide ap>t4 ,all di/ances may be se5 9 diff]5t g>d5s1 viz41 #f #f1 #f #c1 #f #d1 #e #d1 #e #e1 #d #c1 c41 c4 ,! pl\gh idea has n[h]e be5 f\nd to answ]1 & is explod$4#bc ,/ill1 ev5 = h& lab\r to cultivate1 & = facilities 9 pick+ leaf1 x is necess>y !re %\ld be room en\gh "o way to pass along4 ,cultivation "h means digg+1 & space en\gh = ?is mu/ be left betwe5 ! l9es4 ,giv+ s mu*1 :at is !n ! pr9ciple t %\ld guide u8 ,cle>ly1 ) a view to ! l>ge/ yield obta9able1 to place z _m plants on ! l& z x w be>4 ,f\r or #d-a_/b feet are1 ,i ?9k1 ! be/ di/ances betwe5 ! l9es4 ,!y give space en\gh = air to cultivate1 & to pass along1 ev5 :5 ! trees are full gr[n4 ,:]e manure is obta9able & ! soil c be kept up to a ri* /ate by ye>ly applications1 a g>d5 c sc>cely be plant$ too close4 ,i see no objection to trees t\*+ ea* o!r 9 ! l9es4 ,on consid]able slopes1 to prev5t ! wa% ( soil1 ! plants %\ld be plac$ z close z possible1 say #c-a_/b feet betwe5 & #b feet 9 ! l9es4 ,a closely plant$ g>d5 w gr[ less we$s ?an a widely plant$ "o1 & w consequ5tly be *eap] to "w4 ,z ! exp5diture on a g>d5 is 9 direct proportion to ! area1 & ! yield 9 direct proportion to ! numb] ( plants 7always suppos+ !re is p[] en\gh 9 ! soil to support !m71 x foll[s t a closely plant$ g>d5 mu/ be v mu* m pr(itable ?an ! rev]se4 ,hybrid plants gr[ to a l>g] size ?an ,*9ese1 & %\ld !re=e h m room4 ,! foll[+ is a useful table3-- ,table %[+ ! ,plants to an ,acre1 & ! ,area "o lakh ( se$l+s w cov]1 at ! di/ances nam$4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,squ>e ,! area 9 ,di/ances 9 ft4 ,plants 9 acres "o lakh ,,rem>ks feet to ea* "o acre ( se$l+s plant w cov] ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- #f by #f #cf #a1baj #hb-a_/b #f #e #cj #a1deb #fi #f-a_/b #d #bf #a1fge #ei-c_/d ,too wide = any #e #e #be #a1gdb #eg-a_/b plants4 #f #d #bd #a1hae #ee #f #c-a_/b #ba #b1jgd #dh ,= ,hybrids1 b #e #d #bj #b1agh #de-a_/b /ill ,i ?9k too wide4 #f #c #ah #b1dbj #da-a_/d ,good di/ances #d #d #af #b1gbb #cf-c_/d = ,hybrids4 #e #c #ae #b1ijd #cd-a_/b #d #c #ab #c1fcj #bg-a_/b ,*9ese = e>ly return4 #c-a_/b #c-a_/b #ab-a_/d #c1eee #bh #c-a_/b #c #aj-a_/b #d1adh #bd ,*9ese4 #f #c-a_/d #ai-a_/b #b1bcc #dd-c_/d ,hybrid4 #e #c-a_/d #af-a_/d #b1gbf #cf-c_/d ,*9ese4 #e #c-a_/b #ag-a_/b #b1dhi #dj #c-a_/b #b #g #f1bbc #af ,be/ di/ance = ,*9ese on /eep slopes4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,on flat l&s ,i advise-- ,hybrid1 if high-class #d #c-a_/b or #d-a_/b #d ,*9ese #c #c ,all ! foll[+ equal "o acre3-- #d roods4 #d1hdj squ>e y>ds4 #afj poles4 #dc1efj feet4 ,,footnote3 #bc ,l& be=e x is plant$ c be cultivat$ ) pl\ghs4 ,my manag] is us+ !m l>gely 9 ! ,we/]n ,doo>s1 ! l& be+ !re all flat4 ,he uses ,engli% pl\ghs1 b\ght ( ,ransomes & ,sims1 ,ipswi*1 ) bullocks1 & (t5 an elephant4 ,he f9ds ! latt] ! be/4 ,aft] pl\gh+ he uses ,engli% h>r[s4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,mak+ ,a ,,g>d54 ,i h n v mu* to say on ?is head1 z mo/ ( ! op]ations entail$ are treat$ sep>ately4 ,/ill a few directions on prim>y matt]s are requir$4 ,hav+ select$ a site & made arrangem5ts = ! ,tea se$ requir$ = ! fir/ ye>'s plant+1 y %\ld comm5ce op]ations e>ly 9 ,octob]1 ei!r by con/ruct+ ! nurs]y1 or cle>+ l& on ! propos$ site ( ! g>d51 z y may decide :i* mode ( plant+1 viz41 8nurs]ies10 or 8s[+ at /ake10 to adopt4#bd ,if ! latt]1 y %\ld beg9 to cut ! jungle some:at e>li]1 b x is no use beg9n+ to d ?is be=e ! middle ( ,septemb] 9 any case1 = be=e t ! jungle w\ld spr+ up aga9 s soon t x w\ld be lab\r lo/4 ,be=e y d any?+ decide h[ mu* y w cultivate ! fir/ ye>1 & make y\r arrangem5ts = se$ accord+ly4 ,"h let me advise y 9 no case to attempt m ?an #ajj acres4 ,if y d #ajj really well ! fir/ ye> y w h done v well4 ,rememb] y h also build+s 7?\gh few7 to con/ruct1 & try+ to d too mu* y may simply fail 9 all4 ,previ\s to ,octob] y %\ld h made y\rself ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) all y\r l&1 s t y c !n fix ) k on ! be/ sites = y\r build+s1 nurs]y1 & ,tea plantation4 ,y w f9d mu* on ^! matt]s 9 o!r *apt]s :i* %\ld be read c>efully4 ,^! respective sites hav+ be5 fix$ ^u1 & suppos+ y are go+ to plant 9 bo? ways1 f nurs]ies & 9 situ1 con/ruct ! nurs]ies z advis$ "u t head1 page #fb1 & also cut ! jungle on ! int5d$ g>d5 site4 ,!re is n mu* to say ab\t cutt+ jungle4 ,cut all ! bru%wood fir/ ne> ! gr\nd1 & ! big trees lat]1 s t :5 !y fall !y may lie on ! und]wood4 ,9 ! portion y int5d to plant at /ake y w n h "t to cut d[n ! big trees1 & _h bett] simply 8r+0 !m4 ,if ?is is prop]ly done1 t is1 if ! r+ is broad en\gh & deep en\gh 7less ?an "o foot broad & five in*es deep = l>ge trees is n safe71 !y w c]ta9ly die 9 a twelvemon?1 & w n give objectionable %ade m ?an half t "t4 ,9 ! "p to be plant$ 8at /ake0 y mu/ burn all ! cut jungle by ! end ( ,octob]1 & x w be well1 if y h lab\r en\gh1 to s5d m5 up ! big trees to cut (f ! bran*es be=eh&1 s t !y w m or less burn ) ! re/4 ,do+ ?is1 & pil+ up ! und]wood to be burnt r\nd ! base ( ! big trees1 w cause e>li] dea?1 & dim9i% ! objectionable %ade4 ,hav+ burnt ! jungle1 t is1 z mu* z w burn1 & c>ri$ (f ! re/ f ! p>ts to be plant$ at /ake1 dig out all ! small roots1 & t done1 dig ! :ole "s #d or #e in*es deep4 ,!n /ake x (f ) small bamboo /akes #ah in*es long1 %[+ :]e ! ,tea trees are to be 7see page #gb z to ! be/ di/ances71 & !n make y\r holes & plant y\r se$ at ea* /ake z direct$ at page #ei4 ,see ! way x is recomm5d$ to /ake l& z reg>ds its lay at pages #de & #df4 ,y w probably n h ! gr\nd ready be=e ! end ( ,novemb] 7d n attempt m ?an y c d to t date71 & !n take c>e & keep ! se$1 z direct$ at page #ee1 until x is s[n4 ,= ! "p to be plant$ f nurs]ies ! foll[+ ,june y h pl5ty ( "t4 ,n[h]e h ,i1 or anyone1 se5 l>ge vigor\s ,tea plants "u trees4 ,x is !re=e evid5t trees are hurtful1 & no m %\ld be left 9 a g>d5 ?an are requir$ = ! lab\r]s to sit "u occasionally1 & to collect leaf "u be=e x is tak5 to ! ,tea-h\se4 ,! trees t are left %\ld be ^? on ! sides ( roads4 ,"o to e two or ?ree acres is ample4 ,aft] !re=e cutt+ d[n all ! l[ jungle1 cut d[n all b ! said few trees 7x is *eap] 9 ! end ?an r++ !m71 & !n cut (f & cut up all ! bran*es into sizes t w burn readily4 ,cut up ! l>ge trunks also into l5g?s1 = all t w n burn mu/ be c>ri$ (f lat]4 ,leave all s ly+ until ,febru>y1 !n *oose a day ) a high w9d & fire x f ! w9dw>d side4 ,x may burn "s days4 ,!n collect all unburnt into heaps1 & fire aga9 & aga9 until no?+ m w burn4 ,n[ take out all roots1 big & small1 & :5 well dry1 /ack all ^!1 & :at 0 left be=e1 & fire aga9 & aga94 ,! l& %\ld n[ be tol]ably cle>1 & c be dug at once4 ,! roads %\ld be m>k$ (f be=e ?is1 = !y are bett] n dug4 ,n[ /ake ! l& at ! di/ances det]m9$ on1 & a mon? be=e ! ra9s1 or ev5 m1 if y are s f> advanc$1 make holes = ! "y se$l+s at ea* /ake1 precisely l ^? recomm5d$ = 8plant+ at /ake10 page #ei4 ,only1 if possible1 ^! %\ld be a little l>g] ea* way ?an !re advis$1 say #aj in*es diamet] & #ae in*es deep4 ,read c>efully ! direction z to ^? pits1 & foll[ !m out "h4 ,mu* ( ! success ( y\r plant+ dep5ds on ^! holes4 ,at ! fir/ comm5cem5t ( ! ra9s transplant1 z direct$ "u t head 9 ! next *apt]4 ,any l>ge heavy trunks1 :i* _c be easily c>ri$ (f ! l&1 may be plac$ longways betwe5 ! l9es1 b ! less ( dead timb] y leave ly+ ab\t ! g>d5s ! bett]4 ,,footnote3 #bd ,9 no case tru/ to ! latt] alone4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,transplant+4 ,if ! pits = ! plants h be5 all prep>$1 z direct$ at pages #ei & #ge1 ?is op]ation is simple en\gh4 ,a =tnight or s be=e x comm5ces tip all ! se$l+s 9 ! nurs]y4 ,take (f only ! clos$ leaf at ! head ( ea* "y plant 7see a leaf diagram1 page #ajd71 s t ! bud at ! base ( ! next leaf be n injur$4 ,do+ ?is w make ! se$l+s h>di] & enable !m e>li] to recov] ! transplant+4 ,on ! day y int5d to take up ! se$l+s f any b$1 if y h wat] en\gh at comm&1 flood ! b$4 ,?is1 z y take up ea* se$l+1 w cause ! soil1 be+ moi/1 to adh]e bett] to ! roots4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 "y plants transplant$ ) a ball ( e>? r\nd ! roots1 & ^? mov$ ) _! roots b>e1 is no less ?an ?ree mon?s' gr[?1 if ev5 x does n make ! diff]5ce betwe5 life & dea?4 ,proce$ ?us to ensure ! =m]4 ,at "o %ort end ( ! b$1 ! l[e/ if x is on a slope1 dig close to ! fir/ r[ ( se$l+s a tr5* s deep t its base %all be l[] ?an ! l[e/ end ( ! tap-roots4 ,!n ) a five or six-prong$ /eel =k 7?is is bett] ?an a spade1 = x does n cut ! rootlets7 put 9 betwe5 ! fir/ & second r[1 & press$ d[n ) ! foot to its head1 =ce c>efully s mu* ( ! r[ d[n into ! tr5*4 ,!n ) ! h& take up ea* se$l+ sep>ately1 help+ ! soil ) a v light pressure 7s light t x %all n *ange ! lat]al direction ( any ( ! rootlets7 to adh]e1 & place x 9 a l[ basket slop+4 ,d ?is aga9 & aga91 till two baskets are full1 :5 !y w be c>ri$1 banghy fa%ion1 to ! g>d54 ,:5 ! fir/ r[ is f9i%$ cle> away ! loose soil1 s t a simil> tr5* to ! fir/ %all be =m$1 & !n proce$ z above ) ! second r[1 & s on4 ,no fur!r directions = lift+ ! se$l+s out ( ! nurs]ies are requir$4 ,all is ready = _! reception 9 ! g>d5 if ! directions at pages #ei & #ge h be5 foll[$ out4 ,! "w n[ to be detail$ mu/ be done by c>eful m5 well sup]9t5d$4 ,9 ! s(t soil ( ! lately fill$ up pit1 describ$ at page #ei1 a hole is made ei!r ) ! h& or a n>r[ kodalee 7! =m]1 if ! soil has n settl$ mu*1 w suffice71 l>ge en\gh & deep en\gh to take 9 ! se$l+ ) all ! e>? atta*$ to x4 ,! se$l+ is !n put 9 & ! soil fill$ 9 & r\nd x1 :i* completes ! op]ation4 ,! mann]1 ?\gh1 9 :i* ?is is done is ( great consequ5ce4 ,f\r ?+s are all important3--7#a7 ,t ! tap-root %all n be turn$ up at ! end because ! hole is too %all[4 7#b7 ,t any rootlets project+ outside ! atta*$ e>? %all be laid 9 ! hole1 & %all pres]ve1 :5 ! soil is fill$ 91 _! lat]al direction4 7#c7 ,t ! coll> ( ! plant 7! spot :]e ! /em ent]$ ! e>? 9 ! nurs]y7 %all be1 :5 ! pit is fill$ up1 ab\t #a-a_/b in* high] ?an ! surface ( ! surr\nd+ e>?4 7#d7 ,t 9 fill+ 9 ! hole ! soil is press$ d[n en\gh to make x unlikely to s9k lat]1 b n en\gh to 8cake0 ! m\ld4 ,! foll[+ is ! consequ5ce ( failure 9 ^! f\r po9ts3-- #a4 ,probably dea?1 9 any case v mu* ret>d$ gr[?4 ,i h plant$ "s se$l+s s purposely1 ! majority di$2 ^? t liv$ recov]$ v sl[ly1 & digg+ !m up lat] ! tap-root 0 f\nd to h gone d[n aft] all by assum+ ! %ape ( ! lett] ,s1 ! gr[? d[nw>ds be+ f ! head ( ! lett]4 #b4 ,rootlets1 turn$ away f _! lat]al direction1 int]f]e ) o!r rootlets1 & ?\gh !y ev5tually gr[ "r if ! plant lives1 !y ret>d x4 #c4 ,fill 9 z y may 7unless y 8cake0 ! soil1 :i* induces worse evils7 ! plant s9ks a little2 ?us1 if n plac$ a little high1 x w ev5tually be too deep4 ,if on ! o!r h& plac$ too high1 ! rootlets & coll> w be expos$1 :i* is an evil4 #d4 ,unless ?is is att5d$ to ! plant w s9k too mu* & ! coll> be buri$2 likewise an evil1 :i* x takes ! "y se$l+ "s "t to recov]4 ,only fir/ tea*+ & !n practice w enable ei!r ,european or ,native to plant well4 ,?is is h[ x %\ld be done4 ,take ! se$l+ 9 ! left h&1 hold+ x by ! /em j above ! coll>2 !n take ! v end ( ! tap-root betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s ( ! "r h&1 & ?us put x d[n into ! hole 7y ?us insure ! tap-root be+ /raight74 ,n[ judge exactly ! height ( ! coll> t x be z direct$4 ,re/ ! left arm !n on ! gr\nd to keep ! plant /eady1 release ! tap-root1 & fill up ! hole ab\t "o-?ird1 press+ ! soil lightly4 ,! plant w !n be fix$1 & y c employ bo? h&s to fill up ! rema9d]1 & keep ! rootlets 9 a lat]al position4 ,press ! soil lightly z y d s1 & :5 all is fill$ up press x d[n a little h>d] r\nd ! /em ( ! plant4 ,all ! transplant+ %\ld be f9i%$ z e>ly 9 ! ra9s z possible4 ,a se$l+1 plant$ 9 ! fir/ fifte5 days ( ,june1 is wor? two plant$ 9 ,july1 & aft] ! latt] mon? x is g5]ally a case ( se$l+s & lab\r lo/4 ,days ) heavy ra9 are n good to plant 94 ,^? ) %[]s or light drizzl+ ra9 are be/4 ,:5 !re is v heavy ra9 ! soil 8cakes0 mu*4 ,f9e days1 if ! gr\nd is wet1 & if m ra9 may soon be look$ =1 are good1 bett] ?\gh if cl\dy ?an sunny4 ,:]e mu* plant+ has to be done1 ( necessity plant+ mu/ be c>ri$ on daily1 =1 z obs]v$1 x mu/ all be f9i%$ by end ( ,july at late/4 ,9 case ( a sunny break 9 ! wea!r1 /op plant+ aft] ! second day1 = e>ly ra9 to "y transplants is a necessity4 ,9 mak+ a g>d5 too mu* c>e _c be giv5 to ! way se$l+s are plac$ 9 _! homes4 ,j be=e s5d+ ! ?ird edition to press1 ,i saw 9 ! ,indian ,tea ,gazette "s details ( 8new transplant+ & transport+ tools10 pat5t$ by ,mr4 ,jeb54 ,i hope ^! w prove a success1 = su* are mu* want$1 & if !y w d all x is said !y c d1 a great boon w h be5 conf]r$ by ,mr4 ,jeb5 on ! ,tea indu/ry4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,w4 ,m\ntjoy1 ( ,p&awbrang1 ,arracan1 writes z foll[s reg>d+ ^! tools3-- 8,! ,transplant] has1 9 work+1 prov$ to be a complete success4 ,almo/ all ! rema9+ se$l+s h be5 transplant$ by ! aid ( y\r in/rum5t1 )\t ! slighte/ injury to _! roots or *eck to _! gr[?4 ,! fact is1 ! "y plants d n "k t !y h be5 transplant$1 & n[ t sun%9e has succe$$ ! late v heavy ra9s1 new & vigor\s gr[? is #8bur/+ out' f all ! se$l+s t 7 transplant$ by means ( y\r ,transplant]4 ,no manag] ( a ,tea or ,c(fee plantation1 :o _h once se5 ?is in/rum5t at "w1 w\ld ev] aga9 be likely to recur to transplant+ by h&1 & n a s+le se$l+ %\ld die :5 remov$ f ! nurs]y & c>ri$ to its place ( ultimate gr[? by means ( y\r ,transplant]4 ,y\r transplant+ app>atus is bett] ?an baskets1 & has moreov] ! great recomm5dation ( be+ v economical4 ,y\r ,transplant] w1 ) mod]ate c>e1 la/ = _m ye>s1 & comb9es ?or\gh economy ) ?or\gh effici5cy40 ,i am glad to give ! above extract1 = ,i look on ! inv5tion1 if successful1 z a mo/ important "o4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,cultivation ,,( ,,made ,,g>d5s4 ,z manur+1 :i* is "p ( ?is1 is treat$ sep>ately1 we h "h only to consid] ! be/ means ( /irr+ ! soil to give air to ! roots ( ! plants1 & to keep d[n we$s1 :i*1 if all[$1 injure ! yield va/ly4 ,unless :5 plants are full bl[n & 9 full be>+ 7& n ev5 !n unless !y are plant$ close7 x is n only n necess>y1 b a wa/e ( lab\r & money1 to op5 ! soil all ov] ! g>d5 ) a view ( /imulat+ or cultivat+ ! plants4 ,mu* money has be5 wa/$ 9 ?is way3 = in/ance1 9 a g>d5 plant$ #f by #f or #f by #e1 & ! plants b two ye>s old1 ,i h se5 ! :ole dug _m times 9 ! ye>4 ,! roots ( ! said plants did n protrude at t age m ?an #a foot or s1 :at good c\ld !y possibly d]ive f ! extra space dug8 ,! soil ov] ! rootlets ( ,tea plants _c be /irr$ too (t54 ,! (t5] x is done ! (t5] ! trees flu%1 & :5 "y ! m vigor\sly w !y gr[4 ,:at is ! be/ way to d x8 ,i believe simply by digg+ r\nd ea* plant4 ,i g to %[ :y ?is is1 ,i believe1 ! be/4 ,putt+ aside ! wa/e incurr$ 9 digg+ a :ole g>d5 :5 n necess>y1 ! way ! soil is !n dug ne> ! plants is1 ,i ?9k1 objectionable4 ,! gr\nd is dug 9 a /raight l9e up to ! plant1 & 9 do+ s1 if ! digg+ is deep1 roots are v apt to be cut4 ,aga91 :5 ! "w is task-"w1 ! m5 %irk z mu* z possible digg+ close up to ! /ems "u ! bran*es1 & ?us ! soil ov] mu* ( ! roots1 is n /irr$ at all4 ,?is is n easy to detect1 = y mu/ look "u ! bran*es ( ea* tree to see h[ ! "w has be5 done4 ,9 8digg+ r\nd plants0 ! m5 %\ld foll[ ! kodalee r\nd ! tree1 & ! position ( ! blade 9 ! same l9e z ! roots makes any injury v unlikely4 ,ev5 if task$1 z :5 ! "w is exam9$1 x is only r\nd ! plants1 x is m readily p]ceiv$ if ! gr\nd has n be5 /irr$ close up to ! /ems4 ,i !re=e pref] digg+ r\nd plants1 ) ! view ( cultivat+ !m1 to digg+ ! :ole g>d54 ,i believe ! object is bett] atta9$4 ,t x is mu* *eap] is evid5t4 ,! annulus1 or space to be dug r\nd1 beg9n+ #i in*es f ! /em1 v>ies ) ! age ( ! plant4 ,up to two ye>s "o kodalee 9 wid? w d1 & aft] t say #b feet4 ,! draw-hoe ( #h in*es wide is a bett] tool = ! above ?an ! kodalee1 especially z x is "w well suit$ to boys1 & ! 8draw-hoe0 is a light] tool4 ,till plants f se$ at /ake are a ye> old1 & till se$l+s f nurs]ies are ! same age1 calculat+ 9 ! latt] case f ! transplant+1 no kodalee or ev5 draw-hoe %\ld come ne> !m4 ,! soil r\nd = #f in*es %\ld be slightly op5$ once a mon? or s1 b x %\ld be done ) ! 8koorpee40 ,we h n[ discuss$ ! cultivation ( ! plants4 ,! above (t5 done1 say once a mon?1 if possible1 dur+ ! season1 ) judici\s prun+ & lib]al manur+1 con/itutes high cultivation4 ,did we$s n gr[ !re w\ld be no ne$ to d m1 b we$s d gr[1 & mu/ n be all[$4 ,! ri*] ! soil ! m we$s1 ! m manure y apply ! m we$s also4 ,we$s *oke ! plant & dim9i% ! yield4 ,we$s take f ! soil1 & f manure1 :5 giv51 ! /r5g? y want = y\r con/antly recurr+ flu%es4 ,if1 !re=e1 y h a l>ge crop ( we$s y h a small yield ( ,tea4 ,h[ to /op ?is8 ,!re is "o gold5 rule1 8nev] let !m get ahead ( y40 ,?is1 x is true1 argues ample lab\r2 b unless y h ample lab\r = ! area y cultivate1 bett] let y\r money lie 9 ! ,bank & n gr[ ,tea4 ,r$uce y\r area until y c keep ahead ( y\r we$s1 = keep ahead y mu/ if y wi% = success4 ,! secret ( keep+ ahead ( we$s is to de/roy !m :5 "y1 to d ?is aga9 & aga91 z (t5 z !y come up1 nev] all[+ !m to be> se$4 ,! kodalee1 an excell5t digg+ tool1 is n good = ?is3 y want a light] in/rum5t1 :i* c g ov] m gr\nd & w n op5 ! soil 9 ! dry season to any dep?4 ,! ,dut* hoe1 ! wide/ procurable 9 ! blade1 ) a long li! h&le ( #f feet1 is p]fect = ?is4 ,) we$s at ! height fit = a ,dut* hoe1 viz41 #c or #d in*es1 & n num]\s 7:i* !y w n be if y h 8kept ahead071 a man w easily d #de squ>e nulls1 id e/1 #gbj squ>e y>ds4 ,he w\ld n d m ?an #cj nulls ) a kodalee4 ,! ,dut* hoe mu/ be well kn[n4 ,x is us$ = we$+ drives & walks 9 ,engl&4 ,to conclude %ortly1 = 8hoe+ & we$+0 ,i recomm5d z foll[s3-- ,dig ! :ole g>d5 ?rice 9 ! ye>1 viz41 spr+1 ra9s1 & autumn4 ,bury all we$s z y dig 9 tr5*es betwe5 ! l9es4 ,9 ! int]vals use ! ,dut* hoe z (t5 z we$s appe>4 ,cultivate ! plants by digg+ r\nd !m once a mon? if possible4 ,d all ?is & y w f9d y\r g>d5 is kept clean & well cultivat$1 at f> less co/ ?an y incurr$ = cultivation :5 x 0 *ok$ ) we$s = mon?s toge!r1 :ile y\r yield w be at ! same "t mu* increas$4 ,if y keep y\r g>d5 ?us clean1 & d n all[ ! we$s to get ahead ( y1 ! foll[+ table %[s ab\t ! co/ ( ea* cultivation op]ation ea* "t y d x3-- ,key3 ,a3 ,digg+ ! :ole surface ,b3 ,digg+ r\nd plants ,c3 ,dut* hoe+ or we$+ ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,headman ,m5 at ,wom5 ,boys at ,total ,say 9 ,detail ( "w at #d-a_/b #c-a_/b at #b-a_/b co/ ,rs4 annas annas #c annas annas ---------------- ---------------------------------------- ------ ,a #c_/d #ab #e 44 #bacf #c ,b #a_/b 44 #d #e #aaci #b ,c #a_/b #d 44 44 #aadc #b ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,if we$s get ahead ! co/ 9 ea* case w be ne>ly d\ble ! above4 ,! foll[+ table1 :i* is z ne> ! m>k z any su* e/imate c be1 w be f\nd useful4 ,x w also be made use ( :5 calculat+ ! co/ ( mak+ a g>d5 9 ,*apt] ,,xxix41 pages #afd1 #afe1 & #aff4 ,table %[+ ! co/ p] annum ( keep+ up at its be/ #ajj acres ( ,tea f ! ye> x is plant$ until ! six? ye> inclusive4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,ye> ,rate p] acre,p] #ajj acres ,rem>ks p] annum ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,rs4 ,rs4 ,fir/ #ej #e1jjj ,! ye> ! se$ is s[n at /ake ,second #fj #f1jjj ,?ird #gj #g1jjj ,f\r? #hj #h1jjj ,fif? #ij #i1jjj ,six? #ajj #aj1jjj ,! plants %\ld be l>ge plants n[1 b !y w n be at full be>+ until ! eigh? ye>4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,! above rates 9 ! case ( a #cjj-;acre g>d5 mak+ w include ev]y?+ b build+s4 ,! rates are progressive1 because ! exp5diture on ! foll[+ increases1 or %\ld increase1 ye>ly4 #a4 ,manag]'s pay 7say e second ye>74 #b4 ,assi/ant 7fir/ ent]ta9$1 say ?ird ye>74 #c4 ,co/ & we> ( tools4 #d4 ,co/ ( prun+4 #e4 ,co/ ( cultivation4 #f4 ,co/ ( manure4 #g4 ,g5]al exp5ses4 ,no co/ = ,tea manufacture is includ$ 9 ! above1 z ?is is e/imat$ = sep>ately4 ,see table at pages #afj1 #afa1 & #afb4 ,keep+ up high cultivation 9 e way & manur+ lib]ally1 a made g>d5 9 full be>+ c be kept up to its highe/ produc+ p[]s 7includ+ ! pay ( ! manag]1 e/abli%m5t1 & ev]y?+ else7 = ,rs4 #ajj p] acre p] annum4 ,an acre ( ,tea may1 ,i am aw>e1 be kept up 9 a mann] = ,rs4 #ej or s ye>ly1 b ! pr(it on su* a plantation mu/ be nil4 ,on ! contr>y1 ) ! above exp5diture p] acre1 on a good & fav\rably locat$ g>d51 ! pr(it w be v l>ge4 ,see table at page #agb4 ,x is ) ,tea z ) all o!r cultivation4 ,x has be5 prov$ 9 ,engl&1 & 9 all o!r c\ntries :]e really high cultivation is foll[$ out1 t ! high] ! sy/em foll[$ ! great] ! pr(it4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,prun+4 ,x is /at$ else:]e at l5g? 7page #ajb7 :y ,i conceive prun+ to be necess>y = ! ,tea plant4 ,:e!r ,i am "r or n1 ! fact is c]ta9 t )\t prun+ v little leaf is produc$4 ,prun+ mu/ be done 9 ! cold wea!r :5 ! plant is hyb]nat+1 t is to say1 :5 ! sap is d[n4 ,! soon] aft] ! sap goes d[n x is done ! bett]1 = ! soon] ! tree w !n flu% 9 ! spr+4 ,!re h be5 _m !ories ab\t prun+ ,tea bu%es1 b none1 ,i ?9k1 wor? mu* practically1 = ! simple reason t x is impossible to prune #bej1jjj plants 7! numb] 9 a #ajj-;acre g>d51 at #b1ejj to ! acre7#be ) ! c>e & sy/em a g>d5] prunes a fav\rite fruit tree4 ,! op]ation mu/ be a co>se "o1 done by ignorant m51 9 l>ge numb]s at "o "t1 :o c 9 a measure be m or less taught1 & ! ne>] !y d "r ! bett]3 /ill1 really c>eful & sci5tific prun+ c nev] be c>ri$ out on a ,tea plantation4 ,! "t to d x1 too1 is v limit$4 ,x _c be begun be=e ! trees h done flu%+1 say1 at ! e>lie/1 middle ( ,novemb]1 or cont9u$1 if e>ly flu%es & a l>ge yield next season is look$ =1 beyond end ( ,janu>y1 at ! late/4 ,?us at ! mo/ two mon?s & a half is all ! "t giv54 ,i %all conf9e myself !re=e to giv+ su* directions z w be practically useful4 ,! be/ in/rum5t is ! common 8prun+ knife40 ,x cuts f> clean] ?an ! 8%e>s10 besides :i* ! natives v seldom use ! latt] well4 ,:at is call$ 9 ,engl& a 8h$ge-bill0 is useful to trim ! outsides ( ! trees4 ,if requir$ x mu/ be got f ,engl&1 z ,i d n ?9k x is procurable 9 ,calcutta4 ,:atev] in/rum5ts are us$ %\ld be kept v %>p1 & = ?is purpose1 besides %>p5+ !m e morn+ on ! gr9d+ /one1 ea* prun] %\ld be provid$ ) a small pocket 8hone40 ,! !ory1 & x is correct1 is 9 prun+1 to cut ne> above a bud or bran*1 b n ne> en\gh to injure !m4 ,! cut %\ld be q clean & slop+ upw>ds1 s t no?+ c lodge on x4 ,?is !ory c be1 & mu/ be1 /rictly c>ri$ out 9 cutt+ ! ?ick /ems & bran*es1 b x is q impossible to d x ) ! sl5d] bran*es or twigs ( ! tree4 ,prune s z to cause lat]al gr[?4 ,a ,tea plant %\ld nev] be all[$ to exce$1 say1 #d feet 9 height1 b ! wid] x is ! bett]4 ,prune (f all l[] bran*es t5d+ d[nw>ds1#bf = ! plant %\ld1 if possible1 be clean und]nea? to a height (1 say1 #f in*es4 ,?is clean /em high class plants h naturally1 n s ! ,*9ese1 or ! ,*9ese ca/ ( hybrid4 ,plants %\ld be m or less prun$ out 9 ! c5tre4 ,9 ! foll[+ spr+ "y wood is !n =m$ 9 ! he>t ( ! tree1 & x is only "y wood & %oots t give leaf4 ,plants1 if above two ye>s old 7see foot note next page71 exce$+ #b-a_/b feet 9 height at ! end ( ! season 7& all plants ( any age w7 may be prun$ d[n to #bj in*es1 b ! ?ick wood mu/ be prun$ d[n to v>y+ heights sev]al in*es l[]4 ,small plants mu/ naturally be m lightly prun$4 ,! be/ plan is1 ,i ?9k1 to h two gangs3 ,! fir/ to g ahead & cut out ! ?ick wood 7"h judgm5t is necess>y1 s let !m be ! be/ m57 to v>y+ heights1 f ab\t #aa to #ah in*es4 ,! second gang to foll[1 ea* ) a rod #bj in*es long1 to cut d[n all ! light wood left to t level4 ,all plants1 h[ l[ or h[ "y soev] !y may be1 mu/ be prun$ some:at4#bg ,! l[] _! /ature & ! less _! age ! less prun+ !y require4 ,( ! two extremes1 at lea/ ) ! ,tea plant1 x is probably bett] to ov] ?an to "u-prune4 ,! treatm5t ( ! plants1 ) ref]5ce to ! leaf to be tak5 9 ! spr+1 mu/ be a good deal regulat$ by ! way1 or r ! ext5t1 to :i* !y h be5 prun$4 ,on ?is po9t see page #ajc4 ,! co/ ( prun+ dep5ds on :e!r x is high or l[1 & :e!r ! plants are l>ge1 middl+1 or small4 ,! greate/ co/ is ab\t ,rs4 #f1 ! lea/ ab\t ,rs4 #c p] acre4 ,let all prun+s be buri$ betwe5 ! l9es ( plants1 if possible1 be=e ! leaves h ev5 )]$4 ,!y make capital manure1 b mu* ( ! virtue escapes if !y are all[$ to lie on ! gr\nd any "t be=e !y are buri$4 ,,footnotes3 #be ,9 a #ejj-;acre g>d5 ! numb] is #a1bej1jjj1 :i* ought all to be prun$ 9 two mon?s6 #bf ,! be/ plan ) ! l[e/ bran*es is to pull !m (f1 ) a %>p d[nw>d action1 z !n !y w n gr[ aga94 #bg ,b n be=e ! end ( #ah mon?s aft] transplant+1 z ! object at fir/ is to get a long tap-root to draw moi/ure f l[ d[n1 & ?is is be/ atta9$ by all[+ ! plant to gr[ z x w4 ,i look on ?is z all-important4 ,i c>e n h[ high a plant may gr[1 = #ah mon?s ,i w\ld 9 no way int]f]e ) its gr[?4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,:ite ,,ants1 ,,crickets1 ,,& ,,blight4 ,^! insects 7= blight1 too1 is said to be an insect7 are v de/ructive to ! ,tea plants4 ,! cricket1 h[ev]1 only injures x :5 q "y1 s we w consid] t little pe/ fir/4 ,:5 ,tea se$ g]m9ates1 & ! "y se$l+ is #b or #c in*es high1 ! cricket delights to cut ! /em & c>ry1 or try to c>ry1 ! two or ?ree gre5 leaves atta*$ to ! upp] "p into its hole4 ,ev5 aft] se$l+s are plant$ out1 if ! /ems are sl5d]1 x cuts !m4 ,to ! "y se$l+s1 9 nurs]ies or plant$ 8at /ake10 !y (t5 d great h>m1 kill+ 9 "s places "o-?ird or s4 ,x is mu* easi] to prev5t _! ravages 9 nurs]ies ?an 9 ?is latt] case1 simply because ! spot 9 :i* !y mu/ be s\ght & de/roy$ is circumscrib$ 9 ! "o1 almo/ unlimit$ 9 ! o!r4 ,only "o ?+ c be done4 ,employ boys 7!y soon get clev] en\gh at ! "w7 to hunt = _! holes & dig !m out4 ,! holes are m9ute1 b run d[n a long way4 ,! only plan to foll[ !m is to put 9 a ?9 pliable /ick & remove ! soil along x4 ,on gett+ to ! bottom ( ! /ick1 if x is n ! bottom ( ! hole1 y repeat ! op]ation till y d get to ! bottom1 & !re y w g5]ally f9d ! cricket4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ !y c be (t5 f\nd & caught outside _! holes4 ,! boys employ$ %\ld be paid = !m by ! numb] !y cat*4 ,!y c be plac$ alive & br\ght to ! factory 9 a holl[ bamboo1 & !n kill$ 9 "s m]ciful way4 ,:5 once a ,tea plant has got a /em z ?ick z a ?ick p5cil no cricket c hurt x4 ,!y are mu* worse 9 "s places ?an o!rs1 & 9 my exp]i5ce ,i h f\nd !m worse on l[ l&s4 ,! :ite ant is a mu* m =midable enemy ?an ! cricket4 ,!y d 7z all plant]s "k7 attack & de/roy liv+ bu%es4#bh ,:e!r !y fir/ attack "s small dead portion or n is a "q1 b practically x does n signify ! lea/1 = if !y d !y manage to f9d su* 9 ab\t "o-?ird ( ! trees 9 a g>d54 ,beg9n+ ) ! m9ute dead "p !y kill ahead ( !m z !y g1 & w1 ev5tually1 9 _m cases1 if left alone1 kill ! l>ge/ trees4 ,!y h a =midable enemy 9 ! small black ant :i* exi/s 9 myriads1 & kills ! :ite ant :5ev] ! latt] is n protect$ by ! e>!n tunnels he con/ructs4 ,9 _m places s great is ! pe/ t1 did ?is small black ant n exi/1 ,i believe no ,tea ,g>d5 c\ld /&4 ,f ! close ( ! ra9s to ! cold wea!r is ! wor/ "t = :ite ants1 & ! "t ! plant] %\ld gu>d p>ticul>ly aga9/ _! ravages4 ,at t "t if he exam9es 8 trees closely he w v likely f9d :ite ants on a qu>t] ( ! :ole4 ,digg+ r\nd ! plant :]e !y are di/urbs _! runs & does mu* good4 ,at ! same "t !y %\ld be bru%$ (f any "p ( ! tree !y h attack$1 & ! tree %\ld be well %ak54 ,all ?is1 h[ev]1 only does tempor>y good1 = !y (t5 are f\nd z ?ick z ev] on ! plant a week lat]4 ,tobacco wat] is b5eficial1 b 9 wet wea!r x is soon wa%$ (f4 ,k]os5e oil is v effici5t4 ,a little is put r\nd ! /em1 b x is exp5sive4 ,! next be/ ?+ ,i "k is ! e>? oil 7petroleum7 f ,burmah1 & ?is is *eap en\gh4 ,x is ?ick1 b us$ f a bottle x gets heat$ by ! sun & is !n q limpid4 ,:5 :ite ants are f\nd on a tree1 a little ) a small bru% is put on ! "p !y h attack$4 ,!y are also well %ak5 (f1 & a r+ ( oil is plac$ r\nd ! /em4 ,my exp]i5ce is t !y w n attack t tree aga9 = a long "t4 ,i 0 at fir/ fe>ful t bo? x & ! k]os5e 7! "o1 ,i believe1 is only a manufacture ( ! o!r7 w\ld injure ! trees1 b bo? are safe4 ,i /rongly recomm5d o!rs to try x1 if !y d\bt1 on a small spot only 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,:atev] is us$1 or :atev] is done1 :ite ants mu/ n be left to "w _! w 9 ! autumn4 ,all ! trees %\ld !n be exam9$ once at lea/1 & once aga91 if possible1 ! foll[+ spr+4 ,blight 7a s]i\s matt]1 ,i he>1 9 ,ca*>7 ,i "k b little (4 ,i d n rememb] he>+ any?+ ab\t x :5 ,i 0 !re1 n[ "s f\rte5 ye>s ago4 ,x is r>e 9 ! ,*ittagong di/rict1 b ,i h se5 "o or two trees attack$ ) x4 ,"u its influ5ce ! "y leaves get cov]$ ) br[n spots & %rivel4 ,x is mo/ de/ructive to ! yield ( a g>d54 ,f "o or two exp]im5ts made ,i believe prun+ (f all ! diseas$ bran*es1 & scrap+ back ! soil = a space ( #b feet r\nd ! /em1 s z almo/ to lay ! roots b>e1 w be f\nd b5eficial1 b ,i d n speak ) c]ta9ty4 ,all ! ,himalayan g>d5s are free f ^! ?ree pe/s detail$1 except t occasionally a few crickets h be5 se54 ,,footnote3 #bh ,a long controv]sy on ?is po9t lately took place 9 ! pap]s2 t is to say1 ! po9t discuss$ 01 :e!r :ite ants d or d n attack liv+ tea trees4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,fill+ ,,up ,,vacancies4 ,s difficult is ?is to d1 t ,i h he>d sev]al plant]s decl>e !y w\ld attempt x no fur!r1 b1 on ! contr>y1 accept ! vacancies 9 _! g>d5s z an unavoidable evil4 ,t x is difficult ,i1 too1 c c]tify4 ,se$l+s put into vacant spots ye> aft] ye> die1 ei!r 9 ! ra9s !y are plant$ or 9 ! foll[+ spr+4 ,if1 h[ev]1 a few y>ds (f a fre% piece ( l& is tak5 9 & plant$1 ! plants live4 ,:at is ! reason8 ,x c be no?+ connect$ ) ! soil1 = on adjac5t spots !y live & die4 ,x puzzl$ me a long "t1 b ,i believe ,i c n[ expla9 x4 ,fir/1 se$l+s plant$ 9 vacant spots 9 a g>d5 are nev] safe4 ,:5 9 ! ra9s !re are _m we$s 9 ! g>d5s1 & x is be+ dug1 ! "y se$l+s are n obs]v$1 are ei!r dug up1 or injur$ s by ! soil be+ dug close to !m1 t !y %ortly aft] die4 ,?is is1 ,i believe1 ! pr9cipal cause ( ! failure1 & x may be 9 a great measure1 if n entirely1 obviat$ by putt+1 fir/1 a high /ake on ei!r side ( ! se$l+1 & tak+ c>e x rema9s !re all ?r\gh ! ra9s4 ,secondly1 z an additional precaution1 & a v necess>y "o1 be=e any su* l& is dug1 s5d r\nd boys ) 8koorpies0 to clean away ! jungle r\nd ! "y plants1 & at ! same "t op5 ! soil slightly ov] _! roots4 ,do+ ?is 8cultivates0 !m1 & ! plants be+ app>5t1 ) ! newly-/irr$ vacant spaces r\nd !m1 are se5 by ! digg]s1 & are n likely to be damag$4 ,! second cause ( failure ,i attribute to ! old plants on ei!r side ( ! "y se$l+1 tak+ to !mselves all ! moi/ure !re may be 9 ! soil dur+ any dr\ght4 ,! "y se$l+1 ^: tap-root at ! "t is n a long "o 7= x is 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye> foll[+ ! ye> ( plant+ t ?is occurs71 is dep5d5t = life entirely on ! small am\nt ( moi/ure t exi/s 9 ! soil1 at t insignificant dep? 7say #h in*es74 ,b on two sides ( ! said se$l+'s tap-root1 & 9 fact surr\nd+ x1 if ! neighb\r+ ,tea bu%es are full gr[n1 are ! fe$+ rootlets ( ! big plants1 suck+ up all ! moi/ure atta9able 7! necessities ( all plants be+ !n great71 & leav+ none = ! poor "y se$l+1 :i* consequ5tly dies 9 ! unequal conte/4 ,?is la/ evil 79 climates :]e !re is a defici5cy ( spr+ ra9s1 &1 9 fact1 m or less 9 all ,tea localities1 = 9 none is !re z mu* ra9 z ! plants require 9 ! spr+7 !re is no means ( avoid+ z long z se$l+s1 aft] transplant+1 lose "t1 ! effect ( ! transplant+1 & ?us fail to atta9 a good dep? be=e ! said dry season4 ,9 fact1 unless some?+ is devis$1 ,i believe ) _m1 try+ to fill up vacancies is a loss ( "t & money4 ,! pits to plant 91 advis$ at page #ei1 %\ld ( c\rse be made 9 ^! vacant spots1 = !y help mu* t[>ds ! e>ly desc5t ( ! tap-root4 ,/ill !y c sc>cely avail suffici5tly to avoid ! evil1 if ! plant is ly+ in]t1 z is g5]ally ! case = two or ?ree mon?s aft] plant+2 ?is delay be+1 moreov]1 9 ! ra9s1 ! be/ gr[+ "t4 ,if we c devise any means to avoid ?is delay$ gr[? 9 ! "y se$l+ aft] x is transplant$1 !n ! tap-root1 be=e ! dr\ght ( next spr+1 w h desc5d$ l[ en\gh to ga!r moi/ure = itself2 t is1 f l[] dep? ?an ! great] numb] ( ! rootlets ( ! neighb\r+ big plants trav]se4 ,c\ld ?is be done1 & if ! means above detail$ are resort$ to1 to prev5t ! "y plants be+ injur$ :5 ! g>d5s are dug1 ,i see no reason :y vacancies %\ld n be successfully fill$ up4 ,!n might be se51 :at n[h]e c be se5 n[1 a ,tea g>d5 full ( plants1 t is1 ) no vacancies4 ,:5 x is consid]$ t _m g>d5s 9 all ! di/ricts h #cj or ev5 #dj p] c5t4 vacancies1 none less ?an say #ab p] c5t41 we may /rike a fair av]age & r\ghly compute ! vacancies 9 ,tea g>d5s ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry at #bj p] c5t4 ,9 o!r words1 ! yield ( ,tea f ,india1 ) ! same exp5diture n[ incurr$1 w\ld be "o-fif? m 7 plantations full6 ,i h %[n h[ ! fir/ evil c be obviat$4 ,i ?9k ! foll[+ w obviate ! second4 ,get e>!n pots made #g-a_/b in*es diamet] at ! head & #g-a_/b in*es deep1 l ! commone/ fl[] pots1 only ^! %\ld be ne>ly z wide at ! bottom z at ! top4 ,a circul> hole1 #b in*es diamet]1 mu/ be left 9 ! bottom4 ,fill ^! ) m\ld ( ! same nature z ! soil ( ! g>d5 :]e ! vacancies exi/4 ,put two or ?ree se$s 9 ea*1 all ne> ! c5tre1 & n m ?an half an in* bel[ ! surface4 ,place ^! pots1 s fill$1 ne> wat]1 & b5ea? artificial %ade1 z describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,:5 ! se$s h g]m9at$1 & ! se$l+s h two or ?ree leaves1 s t y c judge :i* is ! be/ class ( se$l+s 9 ea* pot1#bi root out all b "o1 ! be/ "o4 ,n[ remove ! %ade gradually1 wat] f "t to "t1 & let ! se$l+s gr[ 9 ! pots till ! ra9s4 ,hav+1 be=e ! ra9s1 made ! holes at ! vacancies z be=e describ$1 aft] ! fir/ fall c>ry ! pots to ! g>d5 & place ea* "o ne> a hole4 ,!n plant z foll[s4 ,/& ! pot on ! br9k ( ! hole1 hav+ previ\sly ) a hamm] brok5 ! bottom4 ,!n crack ! sides also g5tly1 & deposit pot & all 9 ! hole at ! prop] dep?4 ,if n en\gh brok51 ! sides ( ! pot may n[ be fur!r deta*$1 nay1 ev5 p>tially remov$4 ,n[ fill up ) e>? to ! top4 ,pieces ( ! pot left 9 ! hole w d no h>m2 b x1 ! pot1 mu/ be suffici5tly brok5 at ! bottom to all[ ( ! free desc5t ( ! tap-root1 z also en\gh brok5 at ! sides to all[ ( ! free spread+ ( ! rootlets4 ,if all ?is has be5 c>efully done1 s t ! m\ld 9 ! pot %all n h be5 %ak5 free ( ! rootlets1 ! se$l+s w n ev5 "k x has be5 transplant$4 ,its gr[? w n be delay$ = a day1 in/ead ( two or ?ree mon?s2 & by ! "t ! dry season comes1 ! tap-root w h desc5d$ f> en\gh to imbibe moi/ure4 ,ano!r plan to effect ! same object4 ,in/ead ( pots1 use co>se bamboo op5 wick]-"w baskets4 ,! split bamboo =m+ ! said wick]-"w ab\t half an in* wide1 ! int]/ices ab\t "o qu>t] ( an in* squ>e4 ,let ! diamet] ( ! basket be ! same at top & bottom1 viz41 #i in*es2 ! dep? ( ! basket #aj in*es4 ,:5 ! se$l+s 9 ! nurs]y are l>ge en\gh to enable y to select a good class ( plant1 transplant "o into ea* basket previ\sly fill$ ) soil4#cj ,?is be+ done :5 ! plants are v "y1 & !re be+ !n no difficulty 9 tak+ !m up ) e>? atta*$ to _! %ort tap-roots & rootlets1 !y w sc>cely be ?r[n back at all4 ,be+ ne> wat] !y c also be well t5d$4 ,put basket & all into ! vacant hole at ! beg9n+ ( ! ra9s1 & fill up z direct$ = ! pots4 ,! int]/ices w all[ ! fe$+ rootlets to pass ?r\gh1 besides ! basket rots quickly "u gr\nd1 s quickly x _c imp$e ! plant4 ,se$ is n s[n at once 9 ! baskets z 9 ! pots1 because ! baskets w\ld n la/ s long4 ,ev5 putt+ ! se$l+ 9 x dur+ 7say7 ,febru>y1 ! basket1 ) ! occasional wat]+ necess>y1 w1 m or less1 h rott$ be=e x is put into ! hole4 ,i h conclud$ a contract = t5 ?\s& pots & five ?\s& baskets at half an anna ea* = bo? k9ds4 ,two pice1 to ensure ! fill+ up ( a vacancy1 is n a l>ge outlay4 ,s9ce writ+ ! above ,i h _h exp]i5ce ( bo? ! above plans4 ,! pot sy/em is f> ! bett]1 & answ]s v well4#ca ,i am n[ try+ to improve ?is /ill fur!r by mak+ ! pots a little l>g]1 & plac+ a ?9 inn] l9+ ( t9 inside ea* ab\t half an in* f ! sides4 ,?is space is fir/ fill$ ) s&1 !n ! pot is fill$ ) m\ld1 & ! t9 pull$ out4 ,! same t9 w !re=e d = any numb] ( pots4 ,! se$ is !n put 94 ,i ?9k by ?is plan if1 :5 ab\t to plant1 ! m\ld 9 ! pot is well wett$1 t x1 ) ! se$l+1 c be turn$ out :ole 9 "o piece1 & !n put 9 ! hole )\t ! pot4 ,! same pots w\ld !n answ] ye> aft] ye>1 & ! exp5se w\ld be q nom9al4 ,if well done1 ! se$l+ 9 ?is1 z 9 ! =m] case1 w\ld n ev5 "k x _h be5 transplant$4#cb ,,footnotes3 #bi ,by 8be/ class0 ,i mean ! mo/ indig5\s class4 #cj ,m9d aga9 ?is be ( ! same nature z ! g>d5 soil4 #ca ,! baskets are too frail2 be+ (t5 wett$1 !y fall to pieces be=e ! plant+ "t4 #cb ,x may be t ! transplant+ & transport+ tools inv5t$ by ,mr4 ,jeb5 7see page #gi7 w solve ! difficulty ( fill+ up vacancies4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,flu%+ ,,& ,,numb] ,,( ,,flu%es4 ,! ,tea plant is said to flu% :5 x ?r[s out new %oots & leaves4 ,! "y leaves ?us produc$ are ! only ones fit to make ,tea1 & ! yield ( a plantation dep5ds !re=e entirely on ! frequ5cy & abundance ( ! flu%es4 ,! way a flu% is =m$ is fully expla9$ "u ! head ( 8leaf pick+0 7pages #ajc1 #ajd1 & #ajg74 ,! numb] ( flu%es 9 diff]5t plantations v>ies enorm\sly1 ow+1 fir/1 to climate2 secondly1 to soil2 ?irdly1 to ! prun+ adopt$2 f\r?ly1 to ! degree ( cultivation giv52 & fif?ly1 ?\gh n lea/1 to ! pres5ce or abs5ce ( manure4 ,h[ to secure all ^! advantages to _! fulle/ ext5t is %[n "u ^? heads1 & we h "h only to consid] :at is a l[1 a m$ium1 & a high rate ( flu%+ p] season4 ,9 do+ ?is we mu/ speak ( elevat$ 7z ,himalayan7 g>d5s sep>ately4 ,! cool climate ( heights makes x impossible = ,tea to flu% !re z on ! pla9s4 ,speak+ g5]ally ( elevat$ g>d5s 7! high] !y are ! %ort] ! p]iod1 & vice v]s71 sev5 mon?s may be consid]$ z ! av]age produc+ p]iod1 viz41 f beg9n+ ( ,april to end ( ,octob]1 & dur+ t "t twelve to fifte5 flu%es may be obta9$1 :i*1 ,i believe1 ) high cultivation & lib]al manur+1 c be increas$ to eighte54 ,9 all localities1 ) fav\rable ,tea climates1 ! plants flu% bo? = a long] p]iod & (t5]4 ,speak+ g5]ally also1 9 ?is case1 ( ! five be/ localities1 viz41 ,assam1 ,ca*>1 ,*ittagong1 ! ,t]ai bel[ ,d>jeel+1 & ! ,we/]n ,doo>s 7= ev5 9 ^! di/ricts _m advantages exi/ 9 "o g>d5 :i* d n 9 ano!r71 ! foll[+ is an approximation to ! flu%+ p]iods3-- ,upp] ,assam4--,febru>y #be? to ,novemb] #ae?4 ,l[] ,assam4--,febru>y #bj? to ,novemb] #bj?4 ,ca*>4--,febru>y #bj? to ,novemb] #bj?4 ,*ittagong4--,m>* #aj? to ,decemb] #bj?4 ,t]ai bel[ ,d>jeel+ & ,we/]n ,doo>s4--,m>* #a/ to ,novemb] #bj?4 ,! op5+ p]iod is a little late 9 ,upp] ,assam on acc\nt ( ! cold1 & closes a little e>li] = ! same reason4 ,l[] ,assam & ,ca*> are mu* alike4 ,! op5+ 9 ,*ittagong is lat] ?an 9 ! two j m5tion$ f want ( e>ly ra9s1 b ! season cont9ues long] on acc\nt ( ! l[ latitude & consequ5t def]r$ cold wea!r4 ,r\ghly1 !n1 r m ?an n9e mon?s may be assum$ z ! flu%+ p]iod = ^! di/ricts4 ,! next po9t is h[ (t5 d g>d5s 9 ^! localities flu% 9 t "t4 ,n v _m plant]s c say1 c]ta9ly1 h[ (t5 _! g>d5s h flu%$ 9 a season1 because !y are pick$ s irregul>ly1 & no acc\nt ( ! diff]5t flu%es kept4 ,enquir+ on ?is po9t1 :5 ,i 0 9 ,ca*> "s ?irte5 ye>s ago1 #i to #bd 7 ! m9imum & maximum numb]s giv5 me at diff]5t g>d5s1 %[+ h[ little 0 really kn[n ab\t x4 ,su* k z ,i h on ! subject is mo/ly d]iv$ f c>efully kept records ( my own g>d5 9 ! ,*ittagong di/rict4 ,! plantation is all work$ 9 sections1 9 ! way describ$ previ\sly1 & ! dates giv5 9 ! table bel[ are ! days ea* flu% 0 f9i%$ 7t is1 ! pick+ 0 f9i%$7 dur+ ! seasons #ahfi & #ahgj2 #ahfi be+ c>ri$ up to ! end ( ! season1 #ahgj up to ! date ,i wrote ! fir/ edition ( ?is ,essay4 ,9 ! table x w be obs]v$ !re is a great diff]5ce betwe5 ! two ye>s4 ,! section = :i* ! dates are giv5 0 plant$ f se$ b$s 9 ! mon? ( ,june1 #ahff4 ,9 #ahfi x 0 !re=e only ?ree ye>s old4 ,?is w p>tly acc\nt = ! fir/ flu% occurr+ a mon? e>li] 9 #ahgj1 z x 0 !n a ye> old]2 b =tunate e>ly ra9s 9 #ahgj _h also mu* to d ) x4 ---------------------------------------- ----------------- #ahfi ,int]val #ahgj ,int]val ,flu%es ------------- 9 days ------------- 9 days ,dates ,dates ---------------------------------------- ----------------- #a ,m>* #bb 44 ,febru>y #bb 44 #b ,may #f #dd ,m>* #cj #ce #c #bi #bc ,april #ac #aj #d ,june #aa #ab #be #ab #e #bc #ab ,may #e #i #f ,july #e #aa #ad #i #g #ag #ab #be #aa #h #ca #ad ,june #d #i #i ,augu/ #aj #i #ab #h #aj #ba #aa #bb #aj #aa ,sept4 #b #aa ,july #a #h #ab #ab #aj #h #g #ac #be #ac #af #h #ad ,octob] #i #ac #be #i #ae #bb #ac ,augu/ #b #g #af ,nov4 #b #aj #aa #i #ag #aa #i #ba #aj #ah #ai #h #bi #h #ai ,dec4 #d #ad ,sept #g #h #bj 44 44 #ah #aa #ba 44 44 #bg #i #bb 44 44 ,octob] #e #g ---------------------------------------- ----------------- ,av]age int]vals ,ne>ly #ad ,v little betwe5 ,flu%es4 days4 44 ov] #aj days4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------ ,9 #ahfi !re 0 no flu% betwe5 ,m>* #bbnd & ,may #f?1 a p]iod ( #dd days2 & 9 #ahgj1 none betwe5 ,febru>y #bbnd & ,m>* #cj?1 a p]iod ( #ce days1 a v long "t 9 bo? cases1 :i* is entirely acc\nt$ = by ! dry wea!r prevail+ at ,*ittagong 9 ! spr+ 7see "u head ( ,climate71 = 9 ,ca*>1 ,assam1 & ! ,we/]n ,doo>s two or ?ree flu%es w\ld h occurr$ 9 t "t4 ,!re 7 #ai flu%es 9 all 9 #ahfi1 & #bb 9 #ahgj1 up to ! "t ,i wrote1 s !re 7 probably 9 all #bg 9 ! latt] ye>4 ,9 ! table ,i give ! int]vals betwe5 ea* flu%4 ,x %[s an av]age ( #ad days 9 #ahfi to #aj days 9 #ahgj2 ! diff]5ce is due to ! increas$ age ( ! plants1 & ! lib]al manur+ giv5 9 ! cold wea!r #ahfi-gj4 ,su* a result z is %[n = #ahgj1 & ! probable result ( #bg flu%es to ! end ( t season1 c\ld n be obta9$ )\t high cultivation & lib]al manur+4 ,! l& 9 "q _h be5 manur$ e ye> s9ce x 0 plant$1 b an extra dose 0 giv5 9 ! cold wea!r ( #ahfi-gj4 ,! gr\nd 0 !re=e v ri*4 ,i ?9k1 !re=e1 #be flu%es 9 ! season may be look$ = on g>d5s 9 good ,tea climates1 :5 high cultivation & lib]al manur+ are resort$ to4 ,:]e manure _c be obta9$1 ,i ?9k1 ev5 if 9 o!r respects ! l& is highly cultivat$1 m ?an #bb flu%es w n be obta9$4 ,:]e nei!r manure nor high cultivation is giv51 above #ah flu%es w n be got4 ,x seems to be a g5]al idea ) plant]s 7see diagram1 page #ajd7 t :5 a flu% is pick$ ! succe$+ flu%1 at an int]val ( say sev5 to t5 days1 consi/s ( %oots f ! axis ( ! leaf d[n to :i* ! previ\s flu% 0 pick$4 ,?us 9 ! diagram1 suppos+ ! %oot to be pick$ d[n to ! black l9e above #b1 ! idea is ! next flu% w be a %oot spr++ f ! same place1 viz41 ! axis ( leaf d4 ,b x is n s4 ,9 ! above case x w take a :ole mon?1 aft] ! said %oot has be5 pick$1 be=e ! new %oot f ! base ( ! leaf d is ready to take1 probably six weeks 9 ,himalayan g>d5s4 ',tis true ! flu%es 9 fav\rable ,tea climates foll[ at ab\t sev5 to t5 days f ea* o!r1 b ^! are o!r %oots4 ,! replacem5t ( ! actual %oot tak5 is a :ole mon? 9 develop+4 ,i h c>efully wat*$ ?is1 & am sure ,i am "r4 ,) simil> treatm5t1 g>d5s 9 ,ca*>1 ,assam1 & ! ,we/]n ,doo>s w\ld probably give two or ?ree m flu%es 9 ! season ?an ,*ittagong1 because !re ! spr+ ra9s are mu* m abundant2 & ,i am v c]ta9 t1 if ! day ev] comes t manure 9 l>ge quantities is procurable 9 ^? di/ricts & is appli$1 ! yield on ^? g>d5s w be v l>ge4#cc ,! diff]5ce betwe5 v small & v l>ge pr(its is repres5t$ by #ah & #be flu%es1 s ,i /rongly advise all plant]s to cultivate highly1 & to get all ! manure !y possibly c4 ,if ev5 procur$ at a high figure1 x 7! manure7 w pay h& ov] h&4 ,,footnote3 #cc ,:]e new g>d5s are made on ri* virg9 soil1 to manure !m at all = ! fir/ few ye>s is1 ,i ?9k1 unnecess>y4 ,b ! ri*e/ soils on ,tea g>d5s get exhau/$ 9 "t1 & manure %\ld be appli$ be=e ?is po9t is arriv$ at4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,leaf ,,pick+4 ,! fir/ consid]ation is h[ to get ! l>ge/ quantity ( leaf )\t injur+ ! trees4 ,to a c]ta9 ext5t1 x is true t ! m a ,tea bu% is prun$ & pick$ ! m x w yield4 ,x appe>s z if ,nature 7 always try+ to repair ! viol5ce done to ! tree by giv+ new m\?s or leaves to brea! ) 9 place ( ^? tak5 away4 ,i may exemplify my mean+ 9 ano!r way4 ,a ,tea bu% :i* has z _m leaves on x z x requires w ?r[ out t>dily new %oots1 & _! numb] w be small4 ,9 o!r words1 a plant :i* is n prun$1 & f :i* ! "y leaves are n tak51 gr[s gradually l>ge & bu%y1 & !n gives up flu%+ altoge!r4 ,x has all ! leaves x requires1 & x has no necessity to ?r[ out m4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ,nature is too mu* tri$1 t is1 if too mu* viol5ce is done to h]1 %e sulks & w ex]t h]self no m4 ,up to ?is po9t1 !re=e1 x is well to urge h]4 ,h[ c we "k :5 we h rea*$ x8 ,only g5]al rules c be laid d[n4 ,exp]i5ce is ! great desid]atum on ?is & _m o!r subjects connect$ ) ,tea4#cd ,if ! plant c always be kept 9 su* a /ate t ! foliage1 )\t be+ v mu* s1 is /ill less ?an ,nature requires1 ,i conceive ! object w be atta9$4 ,! greate/ viol5ce is done to ! plant :5 x is prun$1 & reason w\ld seem to argue t :5 ?is viol5ce is repair+1 t is1 :5 ! fir/ %oots 9 ! spr+ %[ !mselves1 & until new m\?s 7or leaves7 9 suffici5t quantities exi/1 until !n b little leaf %\ld be pick$4 ,=tunately1 moreov]1 :ile 9 ! int]e/s ( ! plant ?is is ! be/ plan1 x also is ! mode by :i* ! l>ge/ yield ( leaf w be secur$ 9 ! season4 ,i g to %[ ?is4 ,! ord9>y size ( a good full-gr[n ,tea plant1 at ! end ( ! season1 is1 say1 #c-a_/b or #d feet high1 & #e feet diamet]4 ,x is prun$ d[n1 say1 to a height ( #b feet1 ) a diamet] ( #c feet4 ,x is !n little m ?an wood5 /ems & bran*es1 & to anyone ignorant ( ! modus op]&i 9 ,tea g>d5s1 x w\ld appe> z if a plantation s prun$ has be5 ru9$4 ,! tree rema9s s dur+ all its hyb]nat+ p]iod1 t is1 dur+ ! "t x is re/+ & ! sap is d[n 7?is p]iod is long] or %ort]1 z ! climate is a w>m or cold "o1 & x is always dur+ ! colde/ season71 b on ! return ( spr+ new %oots />t out f ! woody /ems & bran*es 9 ! foll[+ way3--,at ! axis or base ( ea* leaf is a bud1 ! g]m ( future bran*es1 ^! develop little by little1 until a new %oot is =m$ (1 say1 five or six leaves1 ) a clos$ bud at top4 ,!n if x be n pick$ ! said bud at top h>d5s4 ,at ! axis or base ( ea* ( ! said five or six leaves are o!r buds1 & ! next /ep is = "o1 two1 or ?ree ( ^! to develop 9 ! same way & =m new %oots4 ,! orig9al %oot gr[s ?ick] & high] until x becomes a wood5 bran* or /em4 ,! same process1 9 _! turn1 is repeat$ ) ! new %oots4 ,a diagram 7see next page7 w make my mean+ cle>4 ,we "h h a %oot fully develop$1 ( six leaves1 c\nt+ ! close leaf a at top z "o1 viz41 ! leaves a1 b1 c1 d1 e1 f4 ,! %oot has />t$ & develop$ f :at 0 orig9ally a bud at ,k1 at ! axis or base ( ! leaf ,h4 ,9 ! same way z =m]ly at ,k a bud exi/$1 :i* has n[ =m$ ! complete %oot or flu% ,k a1 s at ! base ( ! leaves c1 d1 e1 f1 exi/ buds #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 f :i* lat] new %oots w\ld spr+4 ,^! aga9 w\ld all h buds at ! base ( ! leaves1 de/9$ to =m fur!r %oots1 :i* aga9 w\ld be ! p>5ts ( o!rs1 & s on to ! end ( ! season1 or until ! tree is prun$4 ,illu/ration ,x w readily be se5 ! increase is trem5d\s4 ,x is only limit$ by ! p[] ( ! soil to fl+ out new %oots1 & ! necessities ( ! plant1 =1 z ,i h expla9$1 :5 z mu* foliage exi/s z ! plant requires1 b few new %oots are produc$4 ,n[ suppos+ ! %oot 9 ! diagram to be 7) p]haps ano!r n %[n at ,l7 ! fir/ on ! bran* ,i ,i 9 ! spr+ 7! said bran* hav+ be5 cut (f or prun$ at ! upp] ,i74 ,x is !n evid5t ! said %oot is de/9$ to be ! p>5t & produc] ( all ! v num]\s bran*es & innum]able %oots into :i* ! plant w ext5d 9 t direction4 ,x is1 9 o!r words1 ! goose :i* w lay all ! future eggs4 ,if1 eag] to beg9 ,tea mak+ e>ly1 ! plant] nips x (f1 ! ext5sion on t "p ( ! tree is ?r[n back _m weeks4 ,x may be tak5 (f at #a1 #b1 or #c 7! back l9es drawn %[ ! prop] way to pick leaf72 ! lea/ damage w be done if x is tak5 (f at #a1 ! mo/ at #c4 ,! said %oot ,k a is ! fir/ ef=t ( ,nature to repair ! viol5ce done to ! tree by prun+4 ,x is ! g]m ( _m o!r bran*es & %oots1 & x ought nev] to be tak54 ,i h1 ,i hope1 made s mu* pla94 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 ano!r consid]ation4 ,any %oot1 left to fully develop & h>d51 does n ?r[ out new %oots f ! exi/+ buds #a1 #b1 #c1 #d s quickly z "o *eck$ 9 its upw>d gr[? by nipp+ (f its head4 ,= in/ance1 suppos+ ! %oot "u consid]ation n to be ! fir/ ( ! season1 b on ! contr>y to be a %oot :5 ! plant has develop$ suffici5tly to make pick+ safe1 if tak5 (f at #b1 !n ! new gr[? f #b1 #c1 #d w be mu* quick] ?an x w\ld be _h ! :ole %oot be5 left intact4 ,our object !n ) fir/ %oots %\ld be to secure ?is advantage )\t de/roy+ any buds1 & ?is we c d by tak+ (f simply ! clos$ leaf at ! top a4 ,?is mu/ be done s z n to injure ! bud at ! base ( ! second leaf b 7,i h n numb]$ x1 = !re is no room 9 ! diagram to d s71 & we %all ?us leave all ! buds on ! %oot intact4 ,aga9 "h ! int]e/s ( ! plant1 & pr(it to ! plant]1 g h& 9 h&4 ,! clos$ bud a 9 ?is case w be f\nd v valuable4 ,i g to %[ ?is4 ,! value ( ,tea is increas$ :5 x %[s 8,pekoe tips40 ,only ! leaves a b make ^!4 ,!y are cov]$ ) a f9e silky :iti% d[n1 &1 if manufactur$ 9 a p>ticul> way1 make lit]ally :ite or v pale yell[ ,tea1#ce :i*1 mix$ ) ord9>y black ,tea1 %[ z 8,pekoe tips40 ,9 ord9>y leaf-pick+ ^! two leaves are tak5 ) all ! o!rs1 b un=tunately1 :5 manufactur$ ) !m1 !y lose ?is :ite or pale yell[ col\r1 & come out z black z all ! o!r ,tea4 ,z ! season goes on1 ?is is less & less ! case1 till t[>ds ! end ne>ly all ! a b leaves %[ orange-col\r$ 9 ! manufactur$ ,tea4 ,/ill !y are n :ite 7! be/ col\r7 z !y c be made :5 treat$ sep>ately4 ,no means h yet be5 devis$ to sep>ate !m be=e manufacture f ! o!r leaf1 & ?\gh sometimes pick$ sep>ate1 ! plan has s]i\s objections 7see next page74 ,9 ! case1 h[ev]1 ( ! fir/ two or ?ree flu%es ! welf>e ( ! plants dem&s t no m %\ld be tak51 & ?\gh ! quantity obta9$ w be small1 x w1 if c>efully manufactur$ s z to make 8:ite ,pekoe tips10 add "o or two annas a lb4 to ! value1 :5 mix$ ) x1 ( "o hundr$ times its own weight ( black ,tea6 ,m w be f\nd "u ?is head 9 ! ,tea manufactur+ "p4 ,i n[ beg ! "q t ! said d[ny leaves tak5 alone are v valuable4 ,9 detail+ ! mode ( pick+ ,i advocate1 x w\ld be t$i\s to g m9utely into ! reasons = ea* & ev]y?+4 ,i h said en\gh to expla9 a good deal1 b w add any?+ ( importance4 ,( ! latt] are ! foll[+4 ,tea c be made ( ! "y succul5t leaves only4 ,! y\ng] & m succul5t ! leaf ! bett] ,tea x makes4 ,?us a w make m valuable ,tea ?an b1 b ?an c1 & s on2 e is ! l[e/ leaf to make ,tea f1 = ?\gh a v co>se k9d c be made f f1 x does n pay to take x4 ,! /alk also makes good ,tea1 z f> z x is really succul5t1 t is1 d[n to ! black l9e j above #b4 ,! leaves are nam$ z foll[s f ! ,teas x is suppos$ !y w\ld make3-- a4--,fl[]y ,pekoe4 b4--,orange ,pekoe4 c4--,pekoe4 d4--,s\*ong1 #a/4 e4-- #bnd4 f4--,cong\4 a1 b1 c--,pekoe4 ,mix$ toge!r a1 b1 c1 d1 e--,pekoe ,s\*ong4 ,if !re be ano!r leaf bel[ f1 & x be tak51 x is nam$1 & w\ld make ,bohea4 ,ea* ( ^! leaves 0 at fir/ a fl[]y ,pekoe leaf 7a71 x !n became b1 !n c1 & s on4 ,t is to say1 z ! %oot develop$1 & a new fl[]y ,pekoe leaf 0 born1 ea* ( ! leaves bel[ assum$ ! next l[e/ grade4 ,c\ld ! leaves fit to make ea* k9d ( ,tea x is propos$ to make be pick$ & kept sep>ate1 & ea* be manufactur$ 9 ! way mo/ suitable to its age1 & ! ,tea to be produc$1 ! v be/ ( e k9d c\ld easily be manufactur$4 ,b ?is _c be2 ! price ( ,tea w n all[ x1 & ! lab\r to d x w\ld moreov] fail4 ,x has be5 attempt$ aga9 & aga9 to d x1 p>tly to ! ext5t ( tak+ ! ,pekoe leaves a1 b1 c sep>ate f ! o!rs 7= ! manufacture be/ suit$ to ^! upp] leaves is n suit$ to ! l[]71 b x has be5 z (t5 ab&on$1 & ,i d\bt if x is n[ practis$ any:]e4 ,i am sure x w nev] pay to d x4 ,pick+ leaf is a co>se op]ation4 ,x is p]=m$ by #hj or #ajj wom5 & *ildr5 toge!r1 & x is impossible to foll[ ea*1 & see x is done ! be/ way4 ,!y mu/ be taught1 *eck$1 & puni%$ if !y d wrong1 & !n x w be done m or less "r2 b p]fection is n atta9able4 ,i advise ! foll[+ plan 9 pick+4 ,please ref] to ! diagram3-- ,if ! g>d5 has be5 sev]ely prun$ 7z x ought to be7 take only ! bud a = two flu%es2 !n = two m nip ! /alk above #a1 tak+ ! upp] "p ( leaf c1 z %[n 7done ) "o motion ( ! f+]s74 ,b f ! fif? flu% take (f ! %oot at ! l9e above #b1 & by a sep>ate motion ( ! f+]s take (f ! "p ( leaf e :]e ! black l9e is drawn4 ,by ?is plan1 :5 ! ra9s beg91 ! trees w %[ a l>ge pick+ surface1 = pl5ty ( buds w h be5 pres]v$ = new gr[?4 ,aft] ! mon? ( ,augu/ y may pick l[] if y l1 z y _c hurt ! trees4 ,= in/ance1 y may nip ! /alk & upp] "p ( leaf e toge!r1 & sep>ately ! upp] "p ( f4 ,! pr9ciple ( pick+ is to leave ! bud at ! axis ( ! leaf d[n to :i* y pick intact4 ,"s plant]s pick all ?r\gh ! season at ! l9e above #a1 & take ! d & p]haps ! e leaf sep>ately4 ,i d n l ! plan1 = ?\gh x w make /rong ,teas1 ! yield w be small4 ,moreov]1 ! plants w =m s mu* foliage2 !y w n flu% well2 & aga91 !y w gr[ s high t boys :o pick w n readily rea* ! top4 ,%ortly1 ! pr9ciple ,i advocate is to prune sev]ely1 s t ! plant 9 self-def5ce mu/ ?r[ out _m new %oots2 to be sp>+ & t5d] ) ^! until ! viol5ce done to ! tree is 9 a measure1 b n q1 repair$2 !n1 till ,septemb]1 to pick s mu* t ! wants ( ! plant 9 foliage are nev] q atta9$2 & aft] ,septemb] to take all y c get4 ,i believe ?is pr9ciple 7= ! detail$ directions giv5 may be v>i$1 z = in/ance :5 trees h n be5 heavily prun$7 w give ! l>ge/ yield ( leaf1 & w c]ta9ly n injure ! plants4 ,,footnotes3 #cd ,see foot-note1 page #hf1 :i* %[s t = #ah mon?s aft] transplant+1 "y bu%es %\ld n be prun$ or pick$ at all4 #ce ,i mean manufactur$ ,tea4 ,! infusion is call$ liquor4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,manufacture4 ,,me*anical ,,contrivances4 ,to manufacture y\r leaf into good ,tea is c]ta9ly "o ( ! fir/ conditions = success4 ,x w avail little to h a good productive g>d5 if y make inf]ior ,tea4 ,! diff]5ce ( price betwe5 well & ill-manufactur$ ,tea is great1 say #d z4 or #f;d4 a lb41 & ?is alone w1 dur+ a season1 repres5t a l>ge pr(it or none4 ,=tunately = ,tea ent]prise1 ! m manufacture is /udi$ ! m does x appe> t to make good ,tea is a v simple process4 ,! _m op]ations or processes =m]ly consid]$ necess>y are n[ mu* r$uc$ on all g>d5s4 ,z !re 0 !n1 t is =m]ly1 s !re is n[1 no "o r\t9e recogniz$ by all1 or ev5 by ! majority2 /ill simplicity 9 manufacture is m & m mak+ its way ev]y:]e2 & z ! real fact is t to make ! be/ ,tea1 b v few1 & v simple1 processes are necess>y1 x is only a "q ( "t ere ! fact %all be univ]sally recognis$ & foll[$ out4 ,= in/ance1 pann+ ! 8roll0#cf 0 =m]ly univ]sally practis$4 ,"s pann$ once1 "s twice1 "s ev5 ?ree times6 ,b1 to-day1 pans are n us$ 9 mo/ g>d5s at all66 ,o!r processes1 or r 9 mo/ cases ! repetition ( !m1 h be5 also ei!r disc>d$ or abridg$4 ,b a %ort /atem5t ( manufacture 9 old days1 & ! simple/ mode ( manufacture1 w be/ illu/rate my mean+3-- ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,"o & a common old plan ,"o plan to-day by :i* ! be/ ,tea c be made ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,numb] ,numb] ,days ( ,detail ,days ( ,detail op]ations op]ations ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- #a/ #a ,)]+4 #a/ #a ,)]+4 #b #a/ ,roll+4 #b ,roll+4 #c #bnd #bnd #c ,f]m5t+4 #d ,f]m5t+4 #d ,sunn+ 7if sun74 #e #a/ ,pann+4 #e ,fir+ 7,dhol+74 #bnd #f #crd ,roll+4 #g #bnd ,pann+4 #h #d? ,roll+ #i ,sunn+4 #aj #a/ ,fir+ 7,dhol+74 #aa ,cool+ & crisp+4 #crd #ab #bnd ,fir+ 7,dhol+74 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- #c #ab ,total days & #b #e ,total days & op]ations4 op]ations4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,s mu* = simplicity1 & ,i affirm t no m ?an ! five op]ations detail$ are necess>y4 ,i %all try to %[ ?is fur!r on4 ,9 /udy+ ,tea manufacture ,i fir/ tri$1 9 ord] to get reliable data to g on1 to asc]ta9 ! effect ( ea* & e op]ation1 & n only t1 b ! effect on ! made ,tea ( ea* op]ation exagg]at$ & dim9i%$4 ,x w\ld be t$i\s1 & ( no use1 to set out 9 detail all ! exp]im5ts ,i conduct$1 ! results only ,i w try to give4 ,i began at ! beg9n+4 ,:y )] at all8 ,i made ,tea 7foll[+ out 9 ea* case all ! o!r processes detail$ 9 ! old plan7 ( #a/1 totally un)]$ leaves2 #bnd1 ( leaves b little )]$2 #crd1 ( leaves m$ium-)]$2 & #d?1 ( leaves ov]-)]$4 ,i arriv$ at ! foll[+ results3--,un)]$ or "u-)]$ leaves break 9 ! roll+ & give out l>ge quantities ( a light gre5 col\r$ juice dur+ ! same process4 ,! ,tea is mu* brok5 & ( a r$di% grey col\r4 ,! liquor is v pale 9 col\r1 cl\dy1 weak1 s(t1 & ta/eless4 ,ov]-)]$ leaf on ! o!r h& takes a good twi/ 9 ! roll+1 gives out b little juice1 :i* is ( a ?ick k9d1 & ( r$di% yell[ col\r4 ,! tea is well twi/$1 8*ubby0 9 appe>ance1 & black] ?an ord9>y4 ,! liquor ( an ord9>y dep? ( col\r1 cle>1 ) a mawki% ta/e4 ,! m$ium-)]$ leaves make good ,tea1 b ,i f\nd ! )]+ %\ld be r 9 excess ( :at is g5]ally done to ensure /r5g?4 ,i w %[ lat] to :at ext5t ,i ?9k leaf %\ld be )]$4 ,! next po9t 0 roll+4 ,i knew "s plant]s roll$ ! leaf h>d1 o!rs lightly4 ,t is1 "s roll$ ) =ce till mu* juice 0 express$1 o!rs ) a light h&1 all[+ little or no juice to be press$ out4 ,:i* 0 ! bett]8 ,aft] _m exp]im5ts ,i arriv$ at ! foll[+3--,h>d roll+ gives d>k] col\r$ & /rong] liquor ?an light roll+4 ,h>d roll+ de/roys ,pekoe tips1#cg inasmu* z ! juice express$ /a9s !m black4 ,light roll$ ,tea has !re=e _m m ,pekoe tips ?an h>d roll$4 ,h>d roll$ ,tea is some:at black] ?an light roll$4 ,9 all1 !re=e1 b ! po9t ( ,pekoe tips h>d roll+ is bett]4 ,! next "q 01 :at is ! advantage ( repeat$ roll+8 ,i roll$ twice1 pann+ once betwe51 vide old plan1 & f\nd ! ,tea z well made & z /rong z t roll$ ?ree or f\r times4 ,i !n decid$ to roll no m ?an twice4 ,! second "t 01 ,i !n ?\ght1 necess>y1 z ,i f\nd ! leaf ( ! roll op5$ 9 ! pan1 & a second roll+ 0 requisite to twi/ x aga94 ,b :at did pann+ d8 ,i he>d pans _h be5 discont9u$ 9 "s g>d5s4 ,9 :at way 0 pann+ an advantage8 ,i made ,tea1 f]m5t+ x betwe5 ! two roll+s1 b n pann+ x1 & x 0 equally good4 ,i tri$ aga9 & aga91 b nev] c\ld detect t pann+ caus$ any diff]5ce to ei!r ! ,tea1 ! liquor1 or ! out-turn4#ch ,9 %ort1 ?\gh ,i nev] f\nd pann+ did any h>m1 ,i equally f\nd x nev] did any good4 ,its use is1 9 fact1 simply b>r5 ( all results4 ,i !re=e disp5s$ ) x4 ,hav+ done s1 :y roll ! second "t at all8 ,i exp]im5t$1 & f\nd ! second roll+ z b>r5 ( results z ! pann+4 ,i _h n[ got rid ( op]ations #c1 #e1 #f1 #g1 & #h 9 ! old plan4 ,! next 0 ,no4 #i--8sunn+40 ,i made ,tea ) & )\t x1 & f\nd z foll[s3-- ,sunn+ betwe5 ! f]m5t+ & fir+ processes has no effect :atev] on ! liquor or ! out-turn1 b x makes ! ,tea r black]1 & z x drives (f mu* ( ! moi/ure 9 ! roll1 ! fir+ process aft] x is %ort] & does n consume s mu* *>coal4 ,:at little effect !re=e x has is good 7= if n cont9u$ too long1 x does n make ! ,tea too black7 & x is economical4 ,i !re=e decid$ on reta9+ x4#ci ,next came ! op]ations #aj1 #aa1 & #ab1 viz41 8fir/ fir+1 cool+ & crisp+1 & second fir+40 ,:]e ^! are done 7& !y are done 9 "s g>d5s n[7 ! usual ?+ is to half-fire ! roll ! same aft]noon & ev5+ x is made1 !n all[ x to 8cool & crisp0 all night1 & f9i% ! fir+ next day4 ,i tri$ ?is plan1 & also ! plan ,i h n[ adopt$1 ( do+ ! :ole fir+ at "o "t ! same ev5+4 ,i tri$ ! exp]im5t aga9 & aga91 & always f\nd ! ,tea1 ! liquor1 & ! out-turn 7 ! same 9 bo? cases4 ,9 %ort1 t ! ?ree op]ations did no m & no less ?an ! "o4 ,z ! ?ree entail extra lab\r & extra exp5se 9 *>coal ,i ab&on$ !m4 ,i ?us r$uc$ ! twelve op]ations detail$ to five1 & naturally by s do+ mu* decreas$ ! co/ ( manufactur+ ,tea4 ,i 9 no way lay claim to hav+ devis$ ?is simplicity myself4 ,"p _h be5 done by o!rs be=e ,i ev5 turn$ my att5tion to x1 & ,i h done no m ?an help ) _m to make ! manufacture ( ,tea a simple process4 ,i 0 n[ conv9c$ t 7?\gh ,i _h /ill mu* to le>n reg>d+ ! said five processes7 success 0 compris$ !re91 & t to multiply !m c\ld n avail4 ,! next consid]ation is--,:at are ! qualities desir$ 9 ,tea to enable x to comm& a good price at ! public auctions ei!r 9 ,calcutta or ,london8 ,! brok]s 9 ^! cases judge ( ! ,tea fir/1 value x1 & give _! report & valuation to int5d+ pur*as]s & sell]s4 ,f :at appe>ances & qualities d !y judge8 ,!y judge f ?ree ?+s1 fir/1 ! ,tea2 secondly1 ! liquor2 ?irdly1 ! out-turn4 ,! ,tea4--,! col\r %\ld be black1 b n a dead black1 r a greyi% black ) a gloss on x4 ,no r$ leaf %\ld be mix$ ) x1 x %\ld be all "o col\r4 ,! ,tea %\ld be regul>3 t is1 ea* leaf %\ld be ab\t ! same l5g?1 & %\ld h a uni=m close twi/1 9 all b 8brok5 ,teas40 7,^! latt] are call$ 8brok50 because ! leaf is m or less op5 & brok547 ,! ,tea %\ld also be regul> ( its k9d1 t is1 if ,pekoe all ,pekoe1 if ,cong\ all ,cong\2 = any /ray leaves 9 a ,tea ( ano!r k9d1 if ev5 ( a bett] k9d or class1 w r$uce its value4 ,9 ! high] class ( ,teas1 viz41 ,pekoes & brok5 ,pekoes1 ! m ,pekoe tips t are pres5t ! high]1 9 consequ5ce1 w its price be4 ,! ,liquor4--,9 ta/e ?is %\ld be /rong1 rasp+1 & pung5t1 )1 9 ! case ( ,pekoes1 a 8,pekoe flav\r40 ,!re are o!r words us$ 9 ! trade to p>ticul>ise c]ta9 ta/es1 b ! words !mselves w\ld tea* no?+4 ,tea ta/+ _c be le>nt f books4 ,if ! liquor is well flav\r$1 z a rule1 ! d>k] x is 9 ! cup ! bett]4 ,b to judge ( ,teas by ! col\r ( ! liquor alone is impossible1 = "s high-class ,teas h naturally a v pale liquor4 ,! ,out-turn4--,a good out-turn is g5]ally indicative ( a good ,tea4 ,x %\ld be all1 or ne>ly all1 "o col\r4 ,no black 7burnt7 leaves %\ld appe> 9 x4 ,a gre5i% t+e 9 "s ( ! leaves is n objectionable1 & is g5]ally indicative ( pung5t liquor1 b ! prevail+ col\r %\ld be t ( a bright new p5ny4 ,e plant] %\ld be m or less ( a ,tea-ta/]1 & %\ld ta/e 8 ,teas daily4 ,aft] a "t 7p>ticul>ly if he gets o!r ,teas to ta/e aga9/ 8 own7 he w le>n to recognise1 at all ev5ts1 a good z aga9/ a bad ,tea1 a /rong z aga9/ a weak ,tea1 c4 ,no ,tea %\ld be put away ) ! re/ until x has be5 ta/$4 ,x may be burnt or h o!r defects1 n app>5t till infus$1 & "o day's bad ,tea w br+ d[n consid]ably ! value ( a :ole b9 ( good ,tea4 ,! fancy1 among/ brok]s & deal]s1 = 8,pekoe tips10 9 all ,pekoe ,teas1 con/itutes ! "o great difficulty 9 ,tea manufacture4 ,if ! leaves :i* give 8,pekoe tips0 7see page #ajf7 are sep>at$ f ! o!r leaves1 & manufactur$ sep>ately & diff]5tly1 t is roll$ v little & v lightly1 n all[$ to f]m5t at all1 b sunn$ at once aft] roll+1 &1 if !re is sun en\gh1 f9i%$ 9 ! sun1 o!rwise by a v light & gradual heat--be/ plac$ above ! draw]s 9 ! ,dhole-h\se2 if ?is is done1 ,i say1 ^! w come out p]fect 8,pekoe tips0 ( a :ite col\r1 :i* is ! be/4 ,if n sep>at$ f ! o!r leaf1 b manufactur$ ) x1 ! sap f ! o!r leaves1 express$ 9 ! roll+1 /a9s ^! said leaves1 :i* are cov]$ ) a f9e :ite silk d[n1 & makes !m black l all ! re/ ( ! ,tea2 ! :ole ( :i* is !n valu$ l[] because !re are no 8,pekoe tips40 ,n[1 9 ! latt] case ! 8,pekoe tips0 are !re all ! same1 only !y don't %[4 ,! ,tea is really j z good1 9 fact a %ade bett]1 ) black ?an ) :ite or orange tips1#dj b x does n sell s well1 & z we _c argue ! brok]s or deal]s into a rational view ( ! case1 we mu/ hum\r _! fancy 7!y are virtually our ma/]s7 & give !m ! ,pekoe tips--if we c4 ,h[ are we to d x8 ,! plan ( pick+ ^! small leaves sep>ately1 9 ord] to manufacture !m sep>ately1 does n answ]2 x is too exp5sive2 x dim9i%es ! yield ( a g>d51 & lab\r = x fails4 ,all ?is is %[n at pages #ajg & #acj4 ,is !re any o!r way8 ,x may be done dur+ "s p]iods ( ! season :5 !re is n leaf en\gh on ! g>d5 to employ all ! leaf-pick]s1 by sett+ a numb] ( !m to sep>ate ! said two leaves f ! o!rs aft] ! :ole leaf is br\ght to ! factory4 ,?is is exp5sive1 b x pays :5 !re is lab\r to d x1 = !n ! ,teas c be made v %[y & ri* ) :ite ,pekoe tips4 ,an +5i\s plant]1 a ,mr4 ,mc,meekin1 9 ,ca*>1 inv5t$ a roll+ table ) ! object ( sep>at+ ! said leaves4 ,x is con/ruct$ ( batt5s1 & :ile roll+ ! leaf on x1 _m ( ! small leaves fall ?r\gh4 ,! said table is n[ well kn[n 9 ,ca*>1 & is 9 use 9 sev]al g>d5s4 ,i h tri$ x & f9d t x 9 a great measure answ]s its object1 b ! objection to x is t ! leaf mu/ be roll$ lightly1 & lightly-roll$ leaf1 z obs]v$1 does n make /rong ,tea4 ,! ,pekoe tips may be1 9 a great measure1 pres]v$ by roll+ all ! leaf lightly on a common table4 ,b !n aga9 ! ,tea is weak1 & ! plan w n give s _m ,pekoe tips z ,mc,meekin's table4 ,9 %ort1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( our k1 except by ! h& process 7a t$i\s & exp5sive "o = sep>at+ ! leaf71 /rong ,teas & ,pekoe tips are incompatible4 ,! difficulty is j :]e x 01 & w s rema9 until deal]s give up ask+ = ,pekoe tips 7n a likely ?+71 or till a ma*9e is inv5t$ to sep>ate quickly & *eaply ! two said small leaves f ! o!rs aft] !y h be5 all pick$ toge!r4 ,t su* a ma*9e is possible ,i am c]ta91 & ! inv5tor w\ld conf] a boon on ! ,tea int]e/ f> beyond ! inv5tor ( any o!r ma*9e1 = all ! o!r processes c be done by h& )\t mu* exp5se1 ?is _c4 ,i may "h notice su* ma*9es & contrivances z exi/ = *eap5+ ! manufacture ( ,tea1 or r su* z ,i "k (4 ,roll+-ma*9es h = _! object ! do+ away ) h& lab\r entirely = roll+ ! leaf4 ,k9mond's roll+-ma*9e is fir/ on ! li/1 = x is ! be/ yet inv5t$4#da ,k9mond's consi/s ( two circul> wood5 discs1 ! upp] "o mov+ on ! l[]1 :i* is /ation>y1 ) an ecc5tric motion4 ,! adjac5t faces ( ! said discs are made r\gh by /eps 9 ! wood1 cut 9 l9es div]g+ f ! c5tre to ! circumf]5ce1 & ov] ^! r\gh faces is nail$ co>se canvas4 ,! leaf is plac$ betwe5 ! discs & roll$ by ! motion describ$4 ,! l[] disc is arrang$ by means ( weights runn+ ov] pulleys1 s t x %all press aga9/ ! upp] ) any =ce desir$4 ,! motive p[]1 z design$ by ! inv5tor1 is ei!r manual1 animal1 or /eam4 ,mr4 ,k9mond %[$ me ?is ma*9e1 j aft] he _h inv5t$ x1 at ! ,assam ,company's ,plantations 9 ,assam1 & ,i h s9ce se5 x work+ by manual & /eam p[]4 ,) ! =m] x is q useless1 = by no arrangem5t c suffici5t or regul> =ce en\gh be appli$4 ,) ! latt] x does v well1 & on a l>ge g>d5 :i* w r5d] ! outlay = ! ma*9e & eng9e ju/ifiable 7! =m] is1 = su* a simple ma*9e1 v exp5sive71 x may probably ev5tually prove an economy4 ,n hav+ se5 x "u animal p[]1 ,i c give no positive op9ion z to h[ x w\ld answ]1 b ,i see no reason :y x %\ld n d well4 ,i believe w9d or wat] p[] might1 on suitable sites1 be easily appli$ to x1 & !y w\ld c]ta9ly be ! *eape/ ( any4 ,ano!r roll+-ma*9e 0 inv5t$ by a ,mr4 ,gibbon1 & a good deal us$ 9 ,ca*>4 ,i h nev] se5 x4 ,k9mond's is1 ,i believe1 ! be/ roll+-ma*9e yet inv5t$ 7?\gh x is fair to /ate ,i "k no o!r except by report71 b ,i d n believe 9 any ,tea roll+-ma*9e sup]s$+ entirely ! necessity ( h&-roll+4#db ,a roll+-ma*9e may be1 & is1 v useful to roll ! leaves p>tly1 t is1 to break ! cells1 & br+ ! leaf into t s(t ma%y /ate t v little h& lab\r w f9i% x4 ,no roll+-ma*9e yet inv5t$ c1 ,i ?9k1 d m ?an ?is1 & x is1 ,i ?9k1 d\btful if any w ev] be inv5t$ t w d m4 ,ma*9es d n give ! nice f9al twi/ :i* is obta9$ by ! h&4 ,i 0 told lately t mo/ ( ! g>d5s 9 ,ca*> t _h ma*9es _h dropp$ !m & gone back to h&-roll+4 ,i _c help ?9k+ ?is is a mi/ake4 ,!y %\ld use bo?1 ! h&-roll+ = ! f9al "p alone4 ,v few roll+-m5 w\ld !n suffice1 ) ! aid ( ! ma*9e1 to manufacture a l>ge quantity ( leaf4 ,i only "k ( "o o!r ,tea roll+-ma*9e1 :i* is ,nelson's4 ,x does n pr(ess to d m ?an prep>e ! gre5 leaf = roll+1 :i*1 z /at$ above1 is1 ,i ?9k1 all t any ma*9e w ev] d4 ,i h nev] se5 x work+1 b x appe>s simple1 be+ no?+ m ?an a mangle4 ,! leaf is plac$ 9 bags1 & !n compress$ "u roll]s atta*$ to a box1 weight$ ) /ones4 ,! prospectus /ates1 x w prep>e #hj lbs4 gre5 leaf 9 fifte5 m9utes1 & t "o man c !n f9i% z mu* ( su* prep>$ leaf 9 ?ree m9utes z w\ld occupy him twelve m9utes if ! same _h n be5 prep>$4 ,i see no?+ unlikely 9 ?is4 ,! ma*9e1 ?\gh inf]ior to ,k9mond's 9 its arrangem5t1 ought to be *eap en\gh to br+ x )9 ! rea* ( all4#dc ,i h already spok5 ( "o ( ,mc,meekin's inv5tions4 ,8 *e/-(-draw]s = fir+ ,tea is1 ,i ?9k1 sup]ior to 8 batt5 table4 ,x is n[ s well kn[n1 & 9 su* g5]al use1 t ,i %all describe x v %ortly4 ,x is no?+ m ?an a l[ *e/-(-draw]s1 or trays fitt$ 9 a frame "o above ! o!r1 ! bottom ( ea* tray be+ f9e iron wire1 s t ! heat ( ! *>coal1 9 ! masonry receptacle ov] :i* x is plac$1 asc5ds ?r\gh all ! draw]s & ?us dries or fires a l>ge quantity ( 8roll0 at ! same "t4 ,by ! old plan1 a s+le wick] sieve 0 ins]t$ inside a bamboo frame call$ a 8dhole10 :i* 0 plac$ ov] a *>coal fire made 9 a hole 9 ! gr\nd4 ,on ! sieve ! roll 0 plac$1 & all ! heat1 aft] pass+ ?r\gh ?is "o sieve1 0 wa/$4 ,mr4 ,mc,meekin's idea 0 to economise ?is heat by pass+ x ?r\gh sev]al draw]s4 ,mo/ plant]s use ^! draw]s1 & !re is no d\bt 9 ! space sav$1 & ! economy ( heat3 x is a great /ep 9 advance ov] ! old b>b>\s me?od1 :]e n only 0 ! heat wa/$ aft] pass+ ?r\gh "o sieve1 b a great deal 0 lo/ ?r\gh ! basket "w ( ! 8dhole0 itself4 ,/ill ,i d n advocate f\r1 /ill less five draw]s "o above ! o!r4 ,i ?9k ! /eam asc5d+ f ! l[] draw]s mu/1 m or less1 injure ! roll 9 ! upp] ones4 ,i conf9e myself to two1 & ev5 !n 9 ! top tray leave a small circul> space vacant by :i* ! /eam f ! l[] draw] c escape4 ,i utilize ! heat t escapes1 p>tially1 by plac+ 8dhallas0 9 ti]s above1 ) roll 9 !m4 ,^! are support$ by iron rods let into ! wall1 & are useful n only = p>tly dry+ ! roll1 b also = )]+ leaf :5 !re is no sun4 ,"s plant]s h propos$ to d away ) *>coal altoge!r "u ,mc,meekin's draw]s1 supply+ its place by hot air4 ,! fir/ po9t 9 consid]+ ?is inv5tion is ! "q :e!r ! fumes ( *>coal1 z "s ass]t1 are necess>y to make good ,tea4 ,if !y are n necess>y 7t is1 if !y produce no *emical effect on ! ,tea1 & !re=e heat f wood devoid ( smoke w\ld d z well7 !re c be no d\bt su* heat w\ld be *eap]1 & m "u comm&1 by ?is or "s o!r plan4 ,are !n ! fumes ( *>coal necess>y8 ,i d n "k t anyone c answ] ! qu]y4 ,i c]ta9ly _c1 = ,i h nev] made ,tea ) any o!r ag5t ?an *>coal1 & ,i h nev] met ) m ?an "o plant] :o _h4 ,he said ! ,tea 0 n good4 ,/ill x w\ld1 ,i ?9k1 require v c>eful & prolong$ exp]im5ts to e/abli% ! fact ei!r way4 ,speak+ !oretically1 z x appe>s1 ! only effect ( *>coal is to drive all ! moi/ure out ( ! roll & ?us make x ,tea1 ,i _c b believe o!r heat w\ld d z well4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a "q t only exp]i5ce c solve4#dd ,i h n[ 7f\r ye>s s9ce ! above 0 writt51 & at ! "t ,i am prep>+ ! second edition ( ?is essay7 be5 = "s "t employ$ on exp]im5ts ) a view to settle ! above "q4 ,:e!r ,i %all be able to devise a simple app>atus to effect ! manufacture ( ,tea )\t *>coal is d\btful1 b ,i c1 ,i ?9k1 n[ safely affirm t ! fumes ( *>coal are n necess>y to make ,tea4 ,on ?is po9t ,i am myself q satisfi$4 ,! advantages ( mak+ ,tea ) any fuel 7wood1 coal1 or any?+ else7 w\ld be num]\s3-- #a4--;,economy4 #b4--;,abs5ce ( *>coal fumes4 #c4--,less *ance ( fire 9 ,tea ,h\ses4 #d4--,probably r$uc$ temp]ature 9 ,factories4 #e4--;,great sav+ ( lab\r4 #f4--,sav+ ( fuel--= x takes mu* wood to make a giv5 weight ( *>coal4 ,9 addition to all ! above1 ! :olesale de/ruction ( =e/s t n[ takes place 9 all ,tea ,di/ricts1 9 ord] to supply ! *>coal = ,tea1 w\ld be mu* less5$4#de ,i h se5 a ma*9e adv]tis$ = pack+ ,tea1 t is to say1 = s press+ x d[n t a l>ge quantity %all g into a *e/4 ,i h nev] se5 ! ma*9e1 & s _c say h[ x works1 b ,i d n ?9k su* a ma*9e at all necess>y4 ,by ! mode ( pack+1 describ$ at page #aej1 z mu* ,tea z a *e/ w hold ) safety c be put into x4 ,if m 7 =c$ 91 ! *e/ w\ld probably come to pieces 9 transit4 ,i see a sift+ ma*9e is n[ be+ adv]tis$--8,jackson's sift+ ma*9e40 ,i h se5 draw+s ( x1 b n ! ma*9e itself4 ,9 ! "o respect1 t x is mu* l>g] ?an any?+ us$ hi!rto1 x is m likely to succe$4 ,!re is a ma*9e = sift+ & fann+ ,tea at "o & ! same "t4 ,i "k n :o inv5t$ x4 ,x is a simple w9n[+ ma*9e ) sieves plac$ 9 front ( ! fan4 ,by means ( a rod & crank atta*$ to ! axle ( ! revolv+ fan ! sieves are made to %ake f side to side :5 ! fann]s are turn$4 ,! ,tea is put into ! upp] sieve1 a co>se "o1 & pass+ successively ?r\gh f9] ones1 is ?us sort$ into diff]5t ,teas4 ,! op5 leaf at ! same "t is bl[n out by ! fan4 ,i pur*as$ "o1 b ,i d n f9d x does ! "w well4 ,sift+ ,tea is a nice process1 & ,i did n f9d x sort$ ! ,teas ) any nicety4 ,i h tak5 out ! sieves1 & use x n[ only = fann+1 :i* x does v well1 ?\gh no bett] ?an an app>atus :i* c\ld be con/ruct$ at "o-?ird ! co/4 ,i d n believe 9 any pres5t or future ma*9e = sift+ ,tea1 inasmu* z x is an op]ation :i*1 to be well done1 has to be cont9ually v>i$4 ,m w be said on ?is head fur!r on4 ,i h n[ detail$ %ortly all ! ,tea ma*9es or contrivances ,i "k1 or h he>d (1 & ,i ?9k !re is pl5ty ( room yet = inv5tors4#df ,! ma*9e1 z be=e obs]v$1 mo/ to be desir$ is "o to sep>ate ! small ,pekoe leaves f ! o!rs1 ere ! roll+ ( ! leaf is comm5c$4 ,if su* a ma*9e exi/$1 x w\ld mu* increase ! value ( all ,indian ,teas1 & if ! ,agricultural & ,horticultural ,society are incl9$ to (f] a prize = any ma*9e1 x %\ld be ?is4 ,at ! po9t :]e ! sep>ation %\ld take place1 ! /alk is mu* t5d]] ?an else:]e1 & ?is l$ me to ?9k a bl[ or concussion on ! mass ( gre5 leaf might effect ! object4 ,i atta*$ a b[ by ! c5tre to an immovable bo>d1 plac$ at "r angles to ! plane ( a table 7l ! back ( a dress+ table71 & !n1 caus+ leaf to drop f above1 subject$ x to %>p /rokes f ! /r+ ( ! b[4 ,x effect$ ! object p>tially1 = _m ,pekoe ends 7 deta*$1 b x bruis$ & cut ! o!r leaf too mu* also4 ,i believe a revolv+ b>rel1 ) blunt b ?9 n>r[ iron plates inside1 :i* w\ld /rike ! leaf plac$ )91 z ! b>rel 0 turn$1 w\ld p]haps answ]4 ,i give ! above idea = :at x is wor?1 = any inv5tive g5ius to improve on4 ,z x is impossible1 z f> z ,i c see1 to con/ruct any ma*9e :i* %\ld cut ! /alk only 9 ! "r place1 ergo1 ,i believe "s arrangem5t :i* w\ld take advantage ( ! fact1 t ! /alk is t5d]] !re ?an else:]e1 is ! only "o t c\ld answ]4 ,n[ to return to ! manufacture ( ,tea4 ,i w consid] ea* ( ! five op]ations detail$1 :i* ,i believe are all t are necess>y to make good ,tea1 sep>ately4 ,)]+4--,!re are sev]al te/s to %[ :5 leaf is )]$4 ,fre% leaf squeez$ 9 ! h&1 held ne> ! e>1 crackles1 b no s\nd %\ld be he>d f )]$ leaf4 ,aga91 fre% leaf1 press$ toge!r 9 ! palm ( ! h&1 :5 releas$1 spr+s back to ne>ly its orig9al bulk1 b )]$ leaf1 9 l circum/ances1 reta9s ! %ape into :i* x has be5 press$4 ,! /alk ( )]$ leaf w b5d d\ble )\t break+1 b fre% leaf /alks1 if b5t v little1 break4 ,practice1 ?\gh1 soon gives a te/ sup]ior to all ^!1 viz41 ! feel ( ! leaf4 ,prop]ly )]$ leaves are l old rags to lay hold (1 & no fur!r te/1 aft] a "t1 ?an ! feel ( ! leaf is necess>y4 ,! ag5ts = )]+ leaf are sun1 light1 heat1 & air4 ,( ^! ! mo/ p[]ful is sun1 = x comb9es all ! o!rs ) x4 ,light is a p[]ful ag5t1 = if "s leaf be plac$ 9 a p>tially d>k room1 & "s 9 a well-light$ v]&ah1 ! latt] w )] 9 half ! "t ! =m] w take4 ,if light & mod]ate v5tilation be pres5t1 heat is a rapid accessory to rapid )]+4 ,!re is (t5 great difficulty 9 )]+ leaf 9 ! ra94 ,x c be )]$ 9 ,tea pans1 b 8! out-turn0 is !n m or less injur$1 = aft] infusion ! out-turn comes out gre5 in/ead ( ! prop] 8new p5ny0 col\r4 ,)]+ 9 dholes is also objectionable = ! same reason1 ?\gh if ! heat is mod]ate ! gre5 effect is less4 ,x is fur!r a long & t$i\s op]ation4 ,space & light are ! great wants = )]+ leaf 9 wet wea!r4 ,bamboo me*ans1 ti] above ti]1 %\ld be con/ruct$ 9 e available space4 ,l>ge frames1 cov]$ ) wire me%1 may also be made 7by means ( weights runn+ ov] pulleys7 to run up to ! ro( ( any ,tea build+4 ,! leaf )]s well 9 su* frames1 = heat asc5ds1 & mu* heat is giv5 out by dholes4 ,x signifies n ?\gh :]e leaf is spread z long z !re is space & light4 ,h\ses made ( iron & glass w\ld be f> ! be/ = )]+ leaf1 =1 if well v5tilat$1 all ! necess>y ag5ts = )]+1 detail$ 9 ! la/ page1 w\ld be pres5t4 ,i d n d\bt ! day w come :5 ^! w be us$1 = prop]ly )]$ leaf is a necessity = good ,tea4#dg ,9 dry wea!r1 :5 leaf comes 9 f ! g>d51 spread x ?9ly any:]e & turn x once e>ly 9 ! night4 ,x w g5]ally be )]$ & ready to roll next morn+4 ,if n q ready1 !n put x outside 9 ! sun4 ,half an h\r's sunn+ w probably f9i% x4 ,9 wet wea!r1 if !re is any sun :5 x comes 91 or any "t t day1 take advantage ( ! sun to )] ! leaf p>tly1 s mu* t1 ) ! aft] )]+ all night "u cov]1 x w be ready next morn+4 ,if n ready next morn+1 put x out 9 ! sun1 if !re is any1 till x is ready4 ,9 v wet & cl\dy wea!r1 :5 !re is no sun & cont9ual ra91 s t ! leaf _c be put outside 7= rememb] t outside1 :5 !re is no sun1 ! light alone w )] x71 artificial )]+ ( "s k9d mu/ be resort$ to4 ,i h m5tion$ ! only means ,i "k ( = do+ ?is4 ,z prop]ly )]$ leaf is an important po9t 9 mak+ good ,tea1 x is well wor? :ile to keep "o or two m51 accord+ to ! quantity ( leaf1 = t "w alone4 ,!y soon le>n ! be/ way to d x1 & if made answ]able ! leaf is prop]ly ready = ! roll]s1 ! object is g5]ally atta9$4 ,9 ?is & e ?+ else 9 ,tea manufacture1 give diff]5t m5 diff]5t dep>tm5ts1 & make !m answ]able4 ,mu* tr\ble to ! manag]1 :o %\ld sup]vise all1 & mu* loss to ! proprietor f bad ,tea1 w !n be avoid$4 ,roll+4--,?is is a simple op]ation en\gh :5 ! m5 h got ! knack ( x4 ,"s plant]s advocate a circul> motion ( ! h&s :5 roll+1 "u ! impression x gives ! leaf a bett] twi/4 ,"s l roll+ x =w>d1 b br++ x back )\t lett+ x turn dur+ ! backw>d motion4 ,i believe 9 nei!r way1 = x appe>s to me to be roll$ no bett]1 or no worse1 by ^! plans ?an by ! ord9>y & quick] mode ( simply roll+ x any way4 ,! =w>d & backw>d motion is ! simple/ & quicke/1 & ! way all roll]s adopt1 :o are giv5 a c]ta9 quantity ( leaf 7say #cj lbs4 a fair am\nt7 to roll = _! day's "w4 ,9 ?is ord9>y roll+ ! ball 9 ! h&1 'tis true1 does n turn mu* 9 ! backw>d motion1 = 'tis m or less pull$ back1 b :e!r x turns or n does n1 ,i believe1 signify ! lea/4 ,roll+ 9 hot pans 0 =m]ly ext5sively practis$4 ,x is n mu* done n[4 ,i h tri$ ! plan1 b f\nd no advantage 9 x4 ,roll+ on co>se mats1 plac$ on ! floor1 might be se5 also4 ,:5 ,i visit$ ! ,assam ,company's g>d5s ne> ,naz]ah1 9 ,assam1 ,i saw x done !re4 ,x is a great mi/ake4 ,! co>se bamboo mat breaks ! leaf sadly1 & mu* ( ! sap or juice f ! leaf1 :i* adds mu* to ! /r5g? ( ! ,tea1 runs ?r\gh ! co>se mat1 & is lo/4 ,"o & ! pr9cipal reason :y ,indian ,tea is /rong] ?an ,*9ese is t 9 ,india ! sap or juice is g5]ally reta9$1 :ile 9 ,*9a x is1 /range to say1 purposely wa/$6 ,a /rong immovable smoo? table1 ) ! planks ( :i* x is =m$ well jo9$ toge!r1 s t no ap]tures exi/ = ! juice ( ! leaf to run ?r\gh1 is ! be/ ?+ to roll on4 ,if cov]$ ) a f9e seetul pattie mat1 nail$ d[n ov] ! edges ( ! table1 a /ill great] security is giv5 aga9/ ! loss ( any sap1 & ,i believe ! slightly r\gh surface ( ! mat enables ! leaf to roll bett]4 ,an edg+ ( wood "o in* above ! surface ( ! table %\ld be screw$ on to ! edges ov] ! mat1 if !re is "o1 to prev5t leaf fall+ (f4 ,! leaf is roll$ by a l9e ( m5 on ea* side ( su* a table 7#d-a_/b feet is a good wid? = x7 pass+ up f man to man1 f ! bottom ( ! table to ! top4 ,! passage ( ea* h&ful ( roll f man to man is regulat$ by ! man at ! end1 :o1 :5 ! roll 9 8 h& is ready 7t is1 roll$ en\gh71 =ms x into a tight compress$ ball 7a truncat$ %ape is ! mo/ conv5i5t7 & puts x away on an adjac5t /&4 ,:5 he does ?is1 ! roll ea* man has passes up "o /ep4 ,! roll is ready to make up into a ball1 :5 x is 9 a s(t ma%y /ate1 & :5 9 ! act ( roll+ x gives out juice freely4 ,none ( ?is juice mu/ be lo/1 x mu/ be mopp$ up into ! roll1 aga9 & aga9 9 its passage up ! table1 & f9ally into ! ball1 :5 made up4 ,!re w be "s co>se leaves 9 ! roll :i* _c be twi/$4 ,^!1 if left1 w\ld give mu* r$ leaf 9 ! ,tea4 ,!y %\ld be pick$ out by1 say1 ! ?ird or f\r? man f ! head ( ! table1 = x is only :5 ! leaf has be5 p>tly roll$ t !y %[4 ,! man :o picks out ! co>se leaf %\ld n roll at all4 ,he %\ld spread ! roll1 & pick out z mu* z he c1 betwe5 ! "t ( receiv+ & pass+ x on4 ,9 no case all[ roll to accumulate by him1 = if s kept x h>d5s & dries1 & gives extra "w to ! la/ roll]s to br+ x into ! ma%y /ate aga94 ,besides :i* ,i r ?9k1 any su* l5g!n$ /oppage 9 ! roll+ helps to de/roy ,pekoe ends1 & is c]ta9ly injuri\s to ! p]fect aft]-f]m5tation1 inasmu* z x 7! f]m5tation7 p>tly takes place !n4 ,?is f9i%es ! roll+ process4 ,ea* man z /at$ c d #cj lbs41 b !re is fur!r "w = him to be n[ describ$4 ,f]m5t+4--,! balls accumulat$ are all[$ to /& until f]m5t$4 ,i look on ?is be+ done to ! "r ext5t & no m1 z p]haps ! mo/ important po9t 9 ! :ole manufacture4 ,"s plant]s collect ! roll aft] roll+ 9 a basket1 & !re let x f]m5t1 in/ead ( mak+ x up into balls = t purpose z describ$4 ,i mu* pref] ! ball sy/em = ! foll[+ reasons3--,:5 a quantity is put into a basket toge!r & all[$ to f]m5t a c]ta9 "t1 :at 0 put 9 fir/ is naturally m f]m5t$ ?an :at 0 put 9 la/1 ! =m] probably ov]1 ! latt] "u-done4 ,! balls1 on ! contr>y1 c be ea* tak5 9 succession 9 ! ord] !y 7 laid on ! table1 & ?us ea* receive ! same am\nt ( f]m5tation4 ,i ?9k fur!r ! twi/ 9 ! leaf is bett] pres]v$ by ! ball plan1 & also t a l>ge quantity 9 a basket is apt to f]m5t too mu* 9 ! c5tre4 ,x is impossible to describe1 s t practical use %all be made ( x1 :5 ! balls are suffici5tly f]m5t$4 ,! outside ( ! ball is no good crit]ion4 ,x v>ies mu* 9 col\r1 affect$ by ! ext5t ! leaf 0 )]$4#dh ,y mu/ judge by ! inside4 ,p]haps z good a rule z any is t half ! twi/$ leaves inside %all be a ru/y r$1 half ( !m gre54 ,practice alone1 h[ev]1 w enable y to pron\nce :5 ! balls are prop]ly f]m5t$4 ,!re is no "t to be fix$ = x4 ,! process is quick] 9 w>m ?an cool wea!r4 ,! f]m5tation %\ld be /opp$ 9 ea* ball j at ! "r "t4 ,great exactitude 9 ?is is all-important1 & !re=e1 z ,i say1 ! balls %\ld be tak5 9 rotation z !y 7 laid d[n4 ,! f]m5tation is /opp$ by break+ up ! ball4 ,! roll is spread out v ?91 & at ! same "t any rema9+ co>se leaves are pick$ out4 ,?is concludes ! f]m5t+ process4 ,sunn+4--,! roll is !n )\t any delay put out 9 ! sun1 spread v ?9 on dhallas or mats4 ,:5 x has become blacki% 9 col\r x is collect$ & re-spread1 s t ! :ole ( x %all be affect$ by ! sun4 ,) bright sun%9e1 an h\r or ev5 less suns x suffici5tly4 ,x is !n at once plac$ 9 ! dholes1 :i* mu/ be all ready to receive x4 ,if ! wea!r is wet1 x mu/1 directly ! balls are brok5 up1 & ! co>se leaf is pick$ out1 be s5t to ! dholes4 ,?is is ! only plan 9 wet wea!r1 b ! be/ ,tea is made 9 f9e wea!r4 ,fir+ or ,dhol+4--,9 ! case ( wet wea!r1 unless y h v _m dholes1 fre% roll w come 9 long be=e ! fir/ is f9i%$4 ,! only plan 9 ?is case is to half d x4 ,half-fir$ ! roll does n injure ) any delay1 b ev5 half an h\r's delay1 betwe5 break+ up ! balls & comm5c+ to drive (f ! moi/ure1 is hurtful4 ,9 any b wet wea!r necessitat+ x ! roll c be fir$ at "o "t1 t is1 n remov$ f ! draw] until x has become ,tea4 ,! roll 9 ea* draw] mu/ be %ak5 up & re-spread two or ?ree times1 9 ! process ( fir+4 ,! draw] mu/ be tak5 (f ! fire to d ?is1 or "s ( ! roll w\ld fall ?r\gh into ! fire1 & ! smoke ?us eng5d]$ w\ld be hurtful4 ,if ! l[e/ draw] is made to slide 9 & out a framework cov]$ ) z9c %\ld be made to run into a groove bel[ x1 & ?is z9c protector %\ld be always run 9 be=e ! l[] draw] is mov$4 ,?is is "p ( ,mr4 ,mc,meekin's inv5tion1 & is v necess>y to prev5t roll f ! l[e/ draw] fall+ into ! fire :5 x 7! l[] draw]7 is mov$4 ,! roll rema9s 9 ! draw]s1 subject to ! heat ( ! *>coal bel[1 until x is q dry & crisp4 ,any piece !n tak5 betwe5 ! f+]s %\ld break ) ! slighte/ attempt to b5d x4 ,! manufacture is n[ complet$4 ,! roll has become ,tea4 ,all ! above op]ations %\ld be c>efully conduct$1 b ,i believe ! secret ( good ,tea consi/s simply 91 fir/1 /opp+ ! f]m5tation at ! "r mom5t2 &1 secondly1 9 comm5c+ to drive (f ! moi/ure imm$iately aft]4 ,i d n say t ! manufacture "h detail$ may n be improv$ ^u lat]1 b ,i d say t 9 ! results ( economy1 /rong liquor1 & well twi/$ leaf1 its results are v satisfactory1 & n surpass$ by any o!r mode at pres5t 9 vogue4 ,i d n pret5d t x w give ,teas ri* 9 ,pekoe tips4 ,to atta9 ?is1 light roll+ z %[n mu/ be resort$ to1 b j z f> z ,pekoe tips are procur$ s f> mu/ /r5g? be sacrific$4 ,until ! small ,pekoe leaves c be deta*$ & manufactur$ sep>ately1 ?is mu/ always be ! case4 ,f ! ,tea made z describ$ by sift+ & sort+1 all ! ord9>y black ,teas ( comm]ce1 z detail$ at page #acg1 c be produc$1 except+ 8,fl[]y ,pekoe40 ,to make ,fl[]y ,pekoe ! clos$ bud & ! "o op5 leaf ( ! %oot are alone tak51 & ^! are manufactur$ alone4 ,x does n1 z a rule1 pay to make ?is ,tea at all1 ?\gh x fet*es a long price4 ,x does n pay = ! foll[+ reasons3-- #a4 ,aft] ! head ( ! flu% is tak5 ! pick]s t foll[ d n readily recognise ! rema9d] ( ! %oot1 & consequ5tly omit to pick _m ( !m4 ,a heavy loss 9 ! yield is ?us entail$4 #b4 ,! aft] ,teas1 made )\t ^! small leaves1 are v inf]ior1 z !y are mu* weak]1 & totally devoid ( ,pekoe tips4 #c4 ,! lab\r1 & ergo ! exp5se ( pick+ ! flu%1 is d\ble4 ,! manufacture ( ,fl[]y ,pekoe is simple en\gh4 ,:5 ! two leaves f ea* %oot ( :i* x is made are collect$ !y are expos$ to ! sun1 spread out v ?91 until !y h well %rivell$4 ,!y are !n plac$ ov] small & sl[ *>coal fires1 & s roa/$ v sl[ly4 ,if ! above is well done1 ! ,pekoe tips 7& !re is little else7 come out a :iti% orange col\r4 ,! :it] !y are ! bett]4 ,if ! leaf is roll$ v lightly by ! h& be=e sunn+1 ! liquor w be d>k] & /rong]1 b ! col\r ( ! tips w n be s good4 ,fl[]y ,pekoe is q a fancy ,tea1 & = ! reasons giv5 above x c nev] pay to make x4 ,gre5 ,tea4 ,! pans = ?is %\ld be #b;ft4 #i;94 diamet] & #aa;94 9 dep?4 ,!y %\ld be ?ick pans1 :i* w n1 !re=e1 cool quickly4 ,_m are requir$ = ?is manufacture1 f\r or five = e maund ( ,tea to be made daily4 ,!y %\ld be set up 9 a slop+ position1 & ! arrangem5t ( ! fireplaces su* t ! wood to burn "u !m c be put 9 ?r\gh ap]tures lead+ into ! v]&ah4 ,"o *imney w d = e two pans1 & x %\ld be built high s z to give a good draught1 = hot fires are necess>y4 ,flat-blad$ /icks are us$ to /ir bo? ! leaf & ! ,tea 9 ! pans1 = ! h& _c be> ! heat4 ,! m5 :5 work+ ! ,tea 9 ! pans %\ld h high /ools to sit on1 = x is a n9e h\rs' job4 ,! bags 9 :i* 8! roll0 is plac$ at night %\ld be made ( ,no4 #c canvas1 #b feet long & #a foot broad4 ,i w n[ detail ! manufacture4 ,to make ,gre5 ,tea ! leaf mu/ be br\ght 9 twice 9 ! day4 ,:at comes 9 at "o o'clock is p>tly made ! same day4 ,! ev5+ leaf is left till ! foll[+ morn+1 lay+ x ?ick 7say #f in*es71 s t x w n )]4 ,b if ! "o o'clock or ! ev5+ leaf comes 9 wet1 !y mu/ bo? be dri$1 ! =m] be=e be+ put into ! pans1 ! latt] be=e be+ laid out = ! night4 ,! manufacture ?us beg9s twice daily1 viz41 morn+ & "o o'clock1 b 8! roll0 ( bo? ^! is treat$ toge!r up to ! "t 8! roll0 is ready to place 9 ! bags4 ,! leaf hav+ no moi/ure 9 x is plac$ fir/ 9 hot pans1 at a temp]ature ( say #afj1 & /irr$ ) /icks = ab\t sev5 m9utes1 until x becomes moi/ & /icky4 ,x is !n too hot to hold 9 ! h&4 ,x is !n roll$ = two or ?ree m9utes on a table until x gets a little twi/$4 ,!n lay x out on dhallas 9 ! sun 7say #b in*es ?ick7 = ab\t ?ree h\rs1 & roll x ?rice dur+ t "t1 always 9 ! sun4 ,x is ready to roll ea* "t :5 8! roll0 has become blacki% on ! surface4 ,x is n roll$ m ?an ?ree m9utes ea* "t1 & !n spread out z be=e4 ,if y put on a prop] numb] ( m5 to d ?is !y d ea* dhalla 9 succession1 & :5 !y h done ! la/1 8! roll0 9 ! fir/ dhalla w be blacki% on ! surface aga91 & ready to roll aga94 ,:5 ?ree roll+s are done1 ! roll %\ld h a good twi/ on x4 ,x is !n plac$ 9 ! pans1 at ! same heat z be=e1 & work$ ) /icks z be=e = two or ?ree m9utes1 until x becomes too hot to hold4 ,x is !n /uff$1 z tight z x c be /uff$1 into ! bags describ$ above1 putt+ z mu* into ea* bag z y c possibly get x to hold4 ,! m\? is !n ti$ up & ! bag beat5 ) a flat heavy /ick to consolidate ! mass inside1 & s x is left = ! night4 ,next morn+ x is tak5 out ( ! bags1 & work$ ) ! flat /icks z be=e 9 ! pans = n9e h\rs )\t int]mission4 ,! temp]ature #afj at fir/ d[n to #abj at ! la/4 ,dur+ & ow+ to ?is la/ process ! gre5 col\r is produc$4#di ,x is work$ quick] & quick] z ! h\rs pass4 ,! foll[+ are ! k9ds ( ,tea into :i* x is be/ sort$3-- #a4 ,ends #b4 ,"y ,hyson #c4 ,hyson ,! relative value is 9 ! ord] #d4 ,gunp[d] 9 :i* !y are numb]$4 #e4 ,du/ #f4 ,imp]ial ,! sort+ ( ,gre5 ,tea is a nic] op]ation1 & takes twice z long z sort+ ,black ,tea4 ,if !re are pans en\gh1 & ! "w is well arrang$1 !re %\ld be no night-"w ) ,gre5 ,tea1 = all %\ld be ov] by #e ,p4,m42 :]eas ) ,black ,tea night-"w is g5]ally a necessity4 ,! price obta9$ = ,gre5 ,tea is m dep5d5t on its appe>ance ?an 9 ! case ( ,black4 ,x is n easy to make ,black & ,gre5 ,tea 9 ! same factory4 ,gre5 ,tea1 if well made1 pays mu* bett] ?an ,black ,tea2 &1 z be=e obs]v$1 ,i ?9k all g>d5s ) ,*9ese plants %\ld adopt ! manufacture4#ej ,:5 once ! build+ is fitt$ = x1 & ! r\t9e e/abli%$1 ! ,gre5 ,tea manufacture is always pref]r$ by ^? :o h tri$ bo?4 ,! ,hybrid plant makes ! be/ ,black1 ! ,*9ese ! be/ ,gre5 ,tea4 ,,footnotes3 #cf ,9 describ+ manufacture ,i %all call ! leaf br\ght 9 8,leaf10 until x ent]s on ! roll+ process2 f t "t until ! dry+ ov] *>coal is conclud$1 8,roll20 & aft] t1 8,tea40 #cg ,pekoe tips are ! :iti% or orange-col\r$ ends t may be se5 9 ,pekoe ,tea4 ,see pages #aje1 #ajf1 & #aaf4 #ch ,! out-turn consi/s ( ! ,tea leaves aft] infusion4 #ci ,at ! end ( ! season1 h[ev]1 sunn+ has m ?an ! above effect4 ,x !n makes ! ,tea 8,*ubby0 9 =m1 ( a r$di% col\r1 & improves ! /r5g? ( ! liquor4 #dj ,x is bett]1 because ! 8tips0 hav+ be5 h>d-roll$ give /rong] liquor4 #da ,x 0 ! be/1 b is sup]s$$ by a new roll+-ma*9e 7,jackson's7 ,i h se5 q lately4 ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,jackson's roll+-ma*9e1 by a late ,calcutta legal decision1 is decl>$ to be simply ,k9mond's1 ) alt]ations4 ,z ,jackson is n[ prohibit$ f sell+ 8 ma*9es1 ,i presume ! two inv5tors w come to "s und]/&+ z to ! alt]ations1 :i* are mo/ c]ta9ly improvem5ts4 #db ,i _h n se5 ,jackson's ma*9e :5 ,i ?\ght z above4 #dc ,un=tunately x is n4 ,x is adv]tis$ at ,rs4 #cjj1 ) a ye>ly royalty ( ,rs4 #ej ! fir/ ye> & #bj aft]4 ,! royalty %\ld be dropp$1 & ! ma*9e sold = ,rs4 #aej1 :i* w\ld give ! inv5tor a good pr(it4 #dd ,note to #crd edition4--,x is a "q no long]4 ,_m besides myself h n[ prov$ t *>coal fumes are 9 no way necess>y4 #de ,see ?is subject fur!r discuss$ 9 ! ,add5da4 #df ,i n[ believe ,jackson's roll+-ma*9e1 previ\sly allud$ to1 w f9i% ! roll+ entirely4 #dg ,note to #crd edition--,i am n[ s5d+ out ! glass necess>y = a glass )]+ h\se to be erect$ on ! g>d5 j f9i%$ 9 ! ,we/]n ,doo>s4 #dh ,! m ! leaf is )]$ ! ?ick] 9 consi/5cy & ! small] 9 quantity ! juice t exudes1 z also ! yell[] 9 col\r4 ,fur!r1 ! m ! leaf is )]$ ! d>k] ! outside ( ! balls4 ,bright ru/y r$ is ! col\r produc$ ) mod]ately )]$ leaf2 v d>k gre5i% r$ ) mu* )]$ leaf4 #di ,mu* ,gre5 ,tea is col\r$1 b none f ,india has be5 s treat$4 #ej ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,s9ce ?is 0 writt5 ,gre5 ,teas h gone d[n consid]ably 9 value4 ,!y are /ill mu* us$ 9 ,am]ica1 b 9 ,great ,brita9 !re is b little dem& = !m4 ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,sift+ ,,& ,,sort+4 ,sift+ is a v important item 9 ! manufacture ( ,tea4 ,c>eful & judici\s sift+1 z contra/$ ) ! rev]se1 may make a diff]5ce ( two or ?ree annas a lb4 9 ! sale ( ,teas4 ,i 0 %[n "s ,tea q lately :i*1 z reg>ds 8liquor10 0 valu$ by ! brok]s at ,re4 #a-c p] lb41 b ! 8,tea0 at only #ad annas6 ,?is 0 entirely ow+ to faulty sift+ & sort+4 ,i don't believe 9 any ma*9e = ,tea sift+1 simply because x is n a regul> process4#ea ,= example1 y _c say t1 to make ,pekoe1 y mu/ fir/ use "o sieve1 !n ano!r1 & s on4 ,! sizes ( sieves to be us$1 & ! ord] 9 :i* !y are to be us$1 w v>y cont9ually1 z bo? are decid$ by v>y+ causes1 viz41 ! comp>ative f95ess or co>s5ess ( ! ,tea made daily1 ! great] or less pres5ce ( r$ leaf 9 x1 & 7because ,tea v>ies mu* dur+ ! season1 & gets co>se t[>ds ! end7 by ! "t ( ! ye>4 ,^! po9ts all necessitate *anges 9 ! sizes1 & ! ord] ( ! sieves4 ',tis true sieves might be *ang$ 9 a ma*9e z requir$1 b ! only ma*9e t c\ld ev5 pret5d to save lab\r w\ld be "o 9 :i* all ! sieves 7 arrang$ "o bel[ ! o!r1 & ?us ! ,tea w\ld fall ?r\gh ea* alt]nately1 ! motion be+ common to all4 ,b ?is won't d = ,tea sift+4 ,judgm5t mu/ be us$ to decide ! l5g? ( "t ea* sieve is to be %ak52 fur!r1 ) h[ mu* motion x %all be %ak51 c41 c4 ,b ?is is simply impossible ) any ma*9e1 ?\gh all necess>y to sift ,tea well4 ,! co/ ( ,tea sift+ by h& 7see page #afa7 is n eight annas p] maund1 includ+ pick+ out r$ leaf1 :i* mu/ be h&-"w4 ,good & bad sift+ w affect ! value ?ree annas p] lb4 or ,rs4 #ae p] maund6 ,) all p>ts ( ,tea manufacture x is well to employ ! same m5 cont9ually 9 ea* dep>tm5t1 b above all1 p]haps1 %\ld ?is be done 9 ,tea sift+4 ,a good sift] is a valuable man4 ,he kn[s ea* k9d ( ,tea by "n2 he kn[s :at sieves to use1 & ! ord] 9 :i* to use !m = ea* ,tea2 :at ! effect a l>g] or small] me% w h on ea* k9d1 c41 c4 ,9 fact1 he kn[s mu* m ( ! practical "p ( sift+ ?an 8 ma/] c1 ?\gh ! latt] is1 probably1 a bett] judge h[ f> ! ,teas are p]fect :5 made4 ,tea sieves are ( two k9ds1 bo? r\nd4 ,"o made ( brass wire1 ) wood5 sides1 #c-a_/b in*es high1 ! o!r cane1 ) bamboo sides1 #a-a_/d in*es high only4 ,! latt] are call$ 8,*9ese sieves10 & ?\gh ! brass ones are us$ 9 _m places1 !re is no possible comp>ison betwe5 !m1 = ! lab\r requir$ 9 ! use ( ! brass ones is mu* great]1 & ! results1 z reg>ds well sort$ ,tea1 mu* bett] ) ! ,*9ese4 ,bo? k9ds are numb]$ accord+ to ! numb] ( orifices 9 "o l9e> in*4 ,?us a ,no4 #f sieve has six orifices to ! in* 9 bo?2 b 9 ! brass k9d1 a ,no4 #f has six orifices includ+ ! wire2 9 ! ,*9ese k9d1 ! cane betwe5 ea* ap]ture is n includ$ 9 ! measure4 ,?us ! orifice 9 a ,no4 #f ,*9ese sieve is exactly #a_/f? ( an in* squ>e1 b some:at less 9 a brass sieve4 ,z ,i well "k brass sieves _c rema9 9 fav\r aft] ! o!rs h be5 only once tri$1 ,i %all conf9e my directions to ! ,*9ese k9d4#eb ,i practise1 & ,i advise1 ,tea to be sift$ daily4 ,! ,tea made "o day1 sift$ ! day aft]1 & 9 fact /or$ away 9 ! b9s ready sift$4 ,i f9d x is m c>efully done ?is way1 = by ! o!r plan a l>g] quantity be+ done at once by sev]al m51 !y _c1 f want ( practice1 be exp]t4 ,b by ! daily plan "o1 two1 or ?ree m51 z necess>y1 c always be kept on ! "w1 & consequ5tly !y le>n & d x well4 ,to sift ! foll[+1 ,*9ese sieves are requir$2 & if daily sift+ is resort$ to1 !y w be f\nd ample = any ord9>y-siz$ g>d53-- #d ( ,no4 #d #f ( ,no4 #f #f ( ,no4 #g #i ( ,no4 #i #i ( ,no4 #aj #f ( ,no4 #ab #d ( ,no4 #af4 ,previ\s to sift+ all r$ leaf %\ld be pick$ out ( ! ,tea4 ,?is1 z /at$ "u ! head ( 8,manufacture10 %\ld be done twice be=e ! 8roll0 is fir$2 b t[>ds ! end ( ! season especially1 "s w /ill rema9 9 ! made ,tea1 & ?is mu/ be c>efully sep>at$4 ,f :at ,i h said x is evid5t t no rules c be laid d[n z to :at sieves to employ to get out c]ta9 ,teas4 ,only practice c tea* ?is4 ,fur!r1 practice c only enable y to judge 9 a ,tea brok]'s po9t ( view ( diff]5t classes ( ,tea4 ,?is essay w\ld1 h[ev]1 be incomplete did x n conta9 a description ( ^!4 ,su* a description has be5 ably giv5 by ,mr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,hawor? 9 8 8,in=mation & ,advice = ! ,tea ,plant] f ! ,engli% ,m>ket0 7,j\rnal1 ,a4 ,h4 ,society ( ,india1 ,vol4 ,,xiv471 &1 z 8 k on ! subject is f> 9 advance ( m9e1 & consequ5tly m to ! po9t ?an any description ,i c\ld give1 ,i w close ?is *apt] ) ! foll[+ extract f 8 valuable pamphlet1 & tru/ he w excuse my do+ s3-- ,( ! ,diff]5t ,classes ( ,tea4 ,teas are arrang$ 9 v>i\s classes accord+ to ! size1 make1 & col\r ( ! leaf4 ,i treat fir/ & pr9cipally ( ! ,black descriptions1 z ,gre5 ,teas are manufactur$ 9 only a few ( ! ,tea-gr[+ di/ricts ( ,india4 ,! foll[+ classes come "u ! "n ( ,black ,tea3-- ,fl[]y ,pekoe4 ,brok5 ,pekoe4 ,orange ,pekoe4 ,pekoe ,du/4 ,pekoe4 ,! v>i\s brok5 ,brok5 ,mix$ ,tea4 ,pekoe ,s\*ong4 k9ds1 viz43-- ,brok5 ,s\*ong4 ,s\*ong4 ,brok5 ,leaf4 ,cong\4 ,fann+s4 ,bohea4 ,du/4 ,we occasionally meet ) o!r names1 b !y are g5]ally orig9al1 & ought n to be enc\rag$1 z a few simple t]ms l ! above are suffici5tly compreh5sive to describe all classes manufactur$4 ,p]haps be=e ent]+ into a detail$ description ( ! v>i\s classes x w be well to expla9 ! t]m 8,pekoe0 7pron\nc$ ,pek-oh71 :i* z we see occurs 9 s _m ( ! names above quot$4 ,x is said to be d]iv$ f ! ,*9ese words 8,pak ,ho10 :i* are said to signify :ite d[n4 ,! raw mat]ial con/itut+ ,pekoe :5 manufactur$ is ! "y bud j %oot+ =?1 or ! "y leaf j exp&$1 :i* on m9ute exam9ation w be f\nd to be cov]$ ) a :iti% velvety d[n4 ,on fir+ ^! "y leaves1 ! d[n simply und]goes a slight *ange 9 col\r to grey or greyi% yell[1 sometimes z f> z a yell[i% orange t9t4 ,:5 ! prep>$ ,tea consi/s entirely ( greyi% or gre5i% greyi% ,pekoe1 ) no or v little d>k leaf mix$1 x is call$ ,fl[]y ,pekoe4 ,fl[]y ,pekoe is pick$ f ! %rub entirely sep>ate f ! o!r descriptions ( ,tea1 only ! buds & "y leaves be+ tak54 ,9 ! prep>ation x is n subject$ s sev]ely to ! action ( heat z ! o!r classes ( ,tea1 & g5]ally pres]ves a uni=m gre5i% grey or silv]y grey t9t4 ,its /r5g? 9 liquor is v great1 flav\r m approa*+ t ( ,gre5 ,teas1 b inf9itely sup]ior1 hav+ ! /r5g? & a/r+5cy1 )\t ! bitt]ness1 ( ! gre5 descriptions4 ,! liquor is pale1 simil> to t ( ,gre5 ,tea1 & ! infus$ leaf is ( a uni=m gre5 hue4 ,9 _m in/ances1 :]e too mu* heat has be5 employ$1 we f9d d>k leaves int]mix$1 & ! prevail+ col\r1 gre51 is spr9kl$ ) leaves ( a salmony br[n t+e1 :i* is ! prop] col\r = ! out-turn ( any o!r ord9>y black leaf ,tea4 ,a v common mi/ake is to call an ord9>y ,pekoe1 t may conta9 an extra am\nt ( ,pekoe ends1 ,fl[]y ,pekoe4 ,:5 ?is class ( ,tea is /rong & ( ,fl[]y ,pekoe flav\r1 x is call$ by ! trade a ,pekoe ( ,fl[]y ,pekoe k9d4 ,9 ,engl& ,fl[]y ,pekoe sells1 z a rule1 f #ds4 #f;d4 to #fs4 #f;d4 p] lb4 ,"o p>cel has sold z high z #gs4 #f;d4 ,by _m p ! exp$i5cy ( mak+ ,fl[]y ,pekoe is mu* d\bt$4 ,! true ,fl[]y ,pekoe leaf is ! "o undevelop$ bud at ! end ( ea* twig4 ,to pick ?is alone1 )\t any ord9>y ,pekoe leaves1 involves a great deal ( tr\ble & exp5se1 & ,i ?9k ?\gh ! ,fl[]y ,pekoe be v valuable1 t ! acc\nt w\ld h>dly balance :5 we consid] ! det]ioration ( ! ,pekoe by ! ab/raction ( ! "y leaves4 ,! ord9>y ,pekoe is a ,tea ( blacki% or greyi% blacki% aspect1 b dott$ ov] ) greyi% or yell[i% leaves :i*1 on close inspection1 w be f\nd to possess ! d[ny appe>ance :i* gives ! "n to ,pekoe4 ,9 g5]al we d n f9d ! :ole leaf cov]$ ) d[n1 b only "p ( x1 :i* 9 its gr[? has be5 develop$ lat] ?an ! o!r p>ts4 ,^! are call$ by ! trade 8,pekoe ends0 :5 v small ,pekoe tips4 ,a ,pekoe is g5]ally ( good to f9e flav\r1 & v /rong1 & its liquor d>k4 ,its value is f #bs4 #i;d4 to #cs4 #h;d4 p] lb4 ,:5 ! ,pekoe ends are ( yell[i% or orange hue1 & ! leaf is v small & ev51 ! ,tea is call$ ,orange ,pekoe4 ,9 flav\r x is mu* ! same z an ord9>y ,pekoe1 & _m gr[]s d n sep>ate ! two v>ieties1 b s5d !m away 9 ! f9i%$ /ate mix$ toge!r4 ,its value is f #b;d4 to #d;d4 p] lb4 m ?an ,pekoe4 ,! t]m ,pekoe ,s\*ong is g5]ally appli$ to a ,pekoe t is defici5t 9 ,pekoe ends1 or to a bold1 ,s\*ong class leaf ) a few ends mix$4 ,we (t5 meet ) x appli$ to an unassort$ ,tea1 includ+ p]haps ,s\*ong1 ,cong\1 a few ,pekoe ends1 & "s brok5 leaves4 ,prices range f #bs4 #c;d4 to #bs4 #aj;d4 ,! "n ( ,brok5 ,pekoe indicates at once :at class ( ,tea x is1 namely1 ,pekoe :i* has be5 brok5 9 ! manipulation or o!rwise4 ,x possesses ! /r5g? & f9e flav\r ( a full leaf ( ,pekoe1 be+ !re=e only inf]ior to x 9 po9t ( leaf4 ,9 value x is v little inf]ior to ,pekoe1 sometimes z valuable1 or ev5 m s1 z ow+ to ! frangibility ( ! t5d] ,pekoe ends1 !y are sometimes brok5 (f 9 v l>ge quantity1 ?us add+ to ! value ( ! brok5 ,tea1 ?\gh at ! same "t det]iorat+ ! ,pekoe4 ,prices f #bs4 #f;d4 to #cs4 #d;d4 ,pekoe du/ is /ill small] brok51 s small 9 fact z actually to resemble du/4 ,x is ( great /r5g?1 ?\gh (t5 n pure 9 flav\r1 z frequ5tly any du/ or sweep+s f o!r ,tea is mix$ ) x to make ! lot l>g]4 ,! price ( ,pekoe du/ may range f #as4 #f;d4 to #bs4 #h;d4 ,a ,tea only slightly brok5 is (t5 call$ by ! plant] ,pekoe ,du/2 aga9 an ,orange ,pekoe is (t5 call$ ,brok5 ,pekoe1 & ! conv]se4 ,a k ( ! signification ( ^! & o!r t]ms w\ld tea* ! gr[] to be v c>eful 9 m>k+ 8 ,teas1 z ! nom5clature influ5ces to a great ext5t ! sale 9 ! home m>ket4 ,hav+ describ$ ! f9] ,teas1 we n[ come to ! consid]ation ( ! classes ( ,tea :i* =m ! bulk ( ! manufacture ( a g>d54 ,s\*ong may be tak5 z ! m$ium quality1 & :5 exp]i5ce & skill$ lab\r are employ$ 9 ! manufacture z ! bulk ( ! produce ( an e/ate4 ,! qualifications = be+ compreh5d$ "u ?is t]m are j simply an ev51 /raight1 or slightly curv$ leaf1 9 l5g? v>y+ say f #a_/b in* to #a-a_/b in*4 ,x has n ! deep /r5g? ( ,pekoe1 b is g5]ally ( good flav\r & ( fair /r5g?4 ,! prices ( ,s\*ong are f #as4 #aj;d4 to #bs4 #h;d4 ,cong\ comes next4 ,x may be ei!r a leaf ( ,s\*ong k9d1 b too l>ge to come "u t class1 or ?\gh ( smalli%-siz$ leaf1 too unev5ly made1 or too mu* curl$ 7s z to resemble little balls7 to be s classifi$4 ,! flav\r is mu* ! same z t ( ,s\*ong1 b ! ,tea has n s mu* /r5g?4 ,"s ( ! l[] & l>ge leaf k9ds may be only wor? p]haps f #as4 #c;d4 to #as4 #f;d41 :]eas ! f9] qualities sell z high z #bs4 to #bs4 #c;d4 p] lb4 ,bohea is aga9 l[] ?an a ,cong\4 ,x may be ei!r ( too l>ge a leaf to be call$ ,cong\1 or1 z is g5]ally ! case1 x may consi/ pr9cipally ( old leaf1 :i* on be+ fir$ does n atta9 ! greyi% blacki% col\r :i* is s desirable = all ! black leaf k9ds except ,fl[]y ,pekoe1 b rema9s ( a br[ni% or ev5 pale yell[i% hue4 ,x has sc>cely any /r5g?1 & is g5]ally ( co>se flav\r1 sometimes n1 b is nev] ( mu* value unless ( ,namuna k9d 7a t]m :i* w be describ$ h]eaft]74 ,we may quote prices at f #c;d4 to #as4 #b;d4 p] lb4 ,we n[ come to ! brok5 descriptions ( ^! middle & l[] classes ( ,tea4 ,brok5 ,mix$ ,tea is1 z its "n imports1 a mixture ( ! v>i\s k9ds ( ,tea brok54 ,x may h a v wide range1 include "s ( ! l[] classes or approa* ,brok5 ,pekoe 9 "* & value1 b ! k9d usually ?us nam$ is a ,tea wor? f #as4 #h;d4 to #bs4 #f;d41 g5]ally ( a blacki% aspect1 & conta9+ a few ,pekoe ends4 ,! t]m ,brok5 ,s\*ong is commonly & appropriately appli$ to a ,tea :i*1 ?\gh brok51 has "s approa* to a full leaf1 & t ( ! ev5 ,s\*ong "*4 ,its value may v>y1 say f #as4 #f;d4 to #bs4 #b;d4 ,brok5 leaf is a t]m ( great compreh5siv5ess1 b g5]ally is us$ to signify a ,tea wor? f #h;d4 to #as4 #a;d4 p] lb4 ,x may be ( a br[ni%1 br[ni% blacki%1 or blacki% col\r4 ,its /r5g? is seldom great1 b its flav\r may be fair or good1 b 9 ! l[] qualities x is g5]ally poor1 ?91 or co>se4 ,x w\ld be bett] to employ ?is t]m only z a g5]al "n ( ,brok5 ,tea1 & n to use x to signify any p>ticul> class1 z x is v indef9ite4 ,fann+s is simil> 9 col\r & class ( leaf to brok5 leaf z describ$ above2 9 value also mu* ! same1 p]haps on ! av]age a little l[]4 ,i suppose1 9 mo/ cases1 ! mode ( its sep>ation f ! o!r classes ( ,tea is1 z its "n implies1 by fann+4 ,du/ is a v small brok5 ,tea1 s small1 9 fact1 z to approa* ! m9ut5ess ( actual du/4 ,x is (t5 v co>se1 or 8e>?y0 9 flav\r1 ow+ p]haps to sweep+s & du/ hav+ become mix$ ) x4 ,its value is f #f;d4 to #as4 #f;d4 ,9 any ,tea ( ?is class wor? m ?an ^! quotations1 a few ,pekoe ends or tips w g5]ally be f\nd1 :i* br+ x "u ! "n ( ,pekoe ,du/4 ,we w n[ look at ,black ,teas 9 a body1 & po9t out :at is desirable & :at is objectionable 9 !m4 ,we h se5 t all ,teas :i* conta9 ,pekoe fet* high] prices ?an o!rs1 consequ5tly we inf] t ,pekoe is a desid]atum4 ,if we glance at ! descriptions ( ! v>i\s classes ( ,tea :i* h be5 giv5 above1 we %all f9d t x is an elem5t ( /r5g? & good flav\r4 ,i d n mean to say t any ,pekoe is /rong] or ( bett] flav\r ?an any ,tea :i* does n conta9 ,pekoe1 z ! soil1 ! climate1 ! cultivation1 ! manufacture1 & v>i\s o!r causes1 may influ5ce ! /r5g? & flav\r ( diff]5t ,teas2 b1 z a rule1 9 ,teas t are produc$ "u ! same circum/ances1 ! classes conta9+ ,pekoe are /rong] & ( bett] flav\r ?an ^? )\t x4 ,!re is ano!r class ( ,tea :i* ,i h n yet describ$ t possesses v great /r5g? & v f9e flav\r4 ,?is is ! class kn[n z ! 8,namuna0 k9d4 ,all read]s ( ^! pages :o h be5 connect$ ) ,india any "t w recognise ! ^w1#ec ?\gh !y may n q see h[ x comes to occupy ! position 9 :i* we consid] x4 ,x is said t its fir/ application 9 ?is mann] arose f a plant] hav+ s5t to ,engl& "s sample boxes ( ,tea ) ! ticket 8namuna0 on !m4 ,^! ,teas happ5$ to be ( ! peculi> description :i* n[ goes by t "n1 & :i* ,i proce$ to describe4 ,! ,london brok]s h always s9ce !n appli$ ! "n 8namuna0 to ?is class ( ,tea4 ,! leaf may h1 p]haps1 ! ord9>y greyi% blacki% aspect1 ) g5]ally a gre5i% t+e4 ,9 ! pot x produces a v pale liquor1 b on ta/+ x its quality belies ! poor ?9 appe>ance ( ! infusion4 ,x is v /rong1 /rong] by f> ?an ord9>y ,pekoe2 9 flav\r1 say1 ab\t half-way betwe5 a ,fl[]y ,pekoe & a ,gre5 ,tea1 q di/9ct f ! ,fl[]y ,pekoe flav\r1 possess+ some:at ( ! rasp+ bitt]ness ( ! ,gre5 ,tea class ) ! flav\r a little ref9$4 ,! out-turn is g5]ally gre51 sometimes has "s br[ni% leaves mix$4 ,any ( ! black leaf ,teas may be ( ?is ,class1 f ! ,pekoe to ! l[e/ du/1 & all ?r\gh\t ! scale1 if ! flav\r be di/9ct & pure1 may h _! value enhanc$ f #d;d4 to #aj;d4 p] lb4 ,simil> 9 e respect1 except "o1 is ! ,oolong k9d4 ,! "o want+ quality is ! /r5g?1 sometimes1 by-!-bye1 ! flav\r is a little diff]5t4 ,x may h ! gre5i%1 greyi% blacki% leaf 7?\gh g5]ally ! gre5 leaves are di/9ct f black ones1 ! ,tea ?us be+ compos$ ( greyi% blacki% leaves ) a few gre5 ones int]mix$71 always has ! pale liquor1 g5]ally ! gre5i% infus$ leaf2 b sometimes x is sadly int]m+l$ ) black leaves1 z x is a ,tea ^: flav\r is frequ5tly burnt out1 ?\gh its weakness & gre5 appe>ance are no d\bt (t5 caus$ by defici5t fir+4 ,teas ( ?is k9d on ! av]age sell bel[ ! ord9>ily-flav\r$ ,teas ( ! same class ( leaf4 ,9 ,teas ( ord9>y flav\r ! foll[+ rules hold good3--,! d>k] ! liquor ! /rong] ! ,tea1 & ! ne>] ! approa* ( ! col\r ( ! infus$ leaf to a uni=m salmony br[n1 ! pur] ! flav\r4 ,:5ev] we see any black leaves mix$ ) x 7! out-turn7 ! ,tea has be5 ov]-fir$1 & we may ei!r expect to f9d ! /r5g? burnt out ( x1 or else to f9d x m>r$ by hav+ a burnt or smoky flav\r incorporat$ ) x4 ,:5 y come across an altoge!r black or dirty br[n out-turn1 y may be c]ta9 ( pale liquor conta9+ little or no /r5g? & no flav\r to speak (1 unless sometimes x be s\r4 ,?is is a quality :i* ,i %all n[ t\* ^u1 & regret t ,i _c ) any c]ta9ty give any reliable in=mation :]eby ! plant] may gu>d aga9/ ?is greate/ ( faults4 ,x may h v>i\s grades1--slightly s\ri%1 s\ri%1 & s\r1 depreciat+ ! value ( ! ,tea1 say1 f #c;d4 to #as4 #f;d4 p] lb4 ,! flav\r ( a s\r ,tea is h>dly capable ( description4 ,x is n s acid z s\r milk1 9 fact1 n acid at all1 r a sweet flav\r ?an o!rwise be+ bl5d$ ) ! s\rness4 ,x is extremely unpleasant 9 its m develop$ grades1 & _c be easily und]/ood except by actual ta/+4 ,to ! un9itiat$ ?is fault is only p]ceptible 9 ! m /rongly m>k$ in/ances1 b to "o ( ! trade ! lea/ t5d5cy to x n only condemns ! p>cel at once1 b also causes him to suspect any o!r lots made at ! same or any o!r "t by ! same gr[]1 & x is a curi\s b unacc\ntable fact t "s two or ?ree g>d5s 7or gr[]s87 almo/ always produce ,teas hav+ ?is fault4 ,i w n cite all ! diff]5t explanations t h be5 (f]$ on ?is subject2 ,i w simply quote ! "o :i* seems to h ga9$ mo/ gr\nd1 & leave ^? m compet5t ?an myself to express any op9ion on ! subject4 ,! cause assign$ to :i* ,i ref] is t ! ,tea leaf aft] be+ pick$ is all[$ to rema9 too long 9 ! raw /ate be=e be+ fir$1 dur+ :i* "t x und]goes a process ( f]m5tation2 "s !n say t ?is causes s\rness1 :ile o!rs ma9ta9 t ! f]m5tation is absolutely necess>y = ! production ( a ,black ,tea4 ,! fact t we nev] meet ) s\rness 9 a ,gre5 ,tea1 "o feature 9 ! prep>ation ( :i* be+ t x is fir$ almo/ imm$iately on be+ ga!r$1 goes to corroborate ?is view4 ,burntness ,i h already ref]r$ to4 ,z ,i said be=e1 x may ei!r de/roy ! /r5g? & flav\r altoge!r1 or sometimes1 )\t de/roy+ ! /r5g?1 add an unpleasant burnt flav\r to x4 ,:5 ! ,tea has ! flav\r ( smoke ab\t x1 x is call$ smoky or smoky burnt4 ,by be+ burnt1 a ,tea may be det]iorat$ 9 value1 say f #b;d4 to #as4 p] lb4 ,! symptoms ( burntness are a dead black leaf 7z oppos$ to ! greatly-desir$ greyi%1 blacki% col\r7 hav+ a burnt smell :i* (t5 entirely neutralises ! natural aroma ( ! ,tea4 ,9 look+ ov] a brok]'s "* ( a p>cel ( ,teas1 y may occasionally meet ) ! t]ms 8fre% burnt10 8brisk burnt10 or 8malty burnt40 ,^! phrases d n c>ry a condemnatory mean+ ) !m4 ,! mean+ ( ! ^w burnt1 z us$ "h1 w\ld be bett] express$ by ! t]m 8fir$40 ,! t]m 8malty0 means ( full ri* flav\r1 p]haps f ! aroma ( ?is class ( ,tea resembl+ some:at t ( malt4 ,teas ( ! ?ree above descriptions1 y may h notic$1 (t5 fet* v good prices4 ,! mean+ ( ! ^w 8full10 appli$ to a liquor1 is h>dly appreciable except by ta/+4 ,x does n signify /r5g? or flav\r1 b is oppos$ to ?9ness4 ,a ,gre5 ,tea may be /rong or ( good flav\r1 b its liquor is nev] full4 ,fulness is g5]ally *>act]is$ by a d>k liquor4 ,! quality kn[n z 8body0 9 a w9e is some:at ak9 to fulness 9 a ,tea4 ,we speak ( a 8full0 leaf ,tea 9 contradi/9ction to a brok5 leaf4 8,*affy0 is g5]ally us$ 9 connection ) ,bohea & o!r br[n leaf classes ( ,tea4 ,a light 79 weight7 br[n1 op5 or flat leaf1 9 fact1 "o resembl+ *aff1 w\ld be call$ *affy4 ,! l[] classes ( ,tea1 especially ! du/s1 are (t5 describ$ z 8e>?y0 9 flav\r4 ,by ?is a co>se l[ flav\r is und]/ood1 p]haps (t5 caus$ by ! admixture ( real du/4 ,:5 ! make ( a ,tea is spok5 ( z a 8well made10 8fairly made10 c41 leaf1 ! effect ( ! manipulation or roll+ is ref]r$ to4 ,we may h a 8well made ev510 or a 8well made mix$ l>ge & small10 leaf4 ,we may h a 8/raight0 or 8curl$10 or1 z ! latt] is g5]ally express$ :5 appli$ to a l>ge leaf ,tea1 8twi/$0 leaf4 ,x may be 8flatti% made10 indicat+ t ?\gh ! leaf is n op5 x we>s a flatti% aspect1 or x may be op51 :i* betrays a want ( suffici5t or skilful manipulation4 ,a 8wiry0 leaf is small1 p]fectly roll$1 & v ?9 79 diamet]71 g5]ally r curl$1 s z 9 fact to resemble small pieces ( b5t wire4 ,x w be se5 at once t only ! f9] ,teas c h a wiry leaf1 pr9cipally ! ,orange ,pekoes & ,pekoes4 ,sometimes we meet ) a f9e ,s\*ong t may be ?us describ$4 ,gre5 ,teas4 ,z 9 ! ,nor?-we/ ,prov9ces ,gre5 ,teas =m ! bulk ( ! produce1 x w be well to give a %ort description ( !m1 ?\gh ! t5or ( my rem>ks bel[ w %[ ! g5]al op9ion z to ! desirability ( mak+ !m4#ed ,gunp[d] is ! mo/ valuable description1 its price rang+ f #bs4 #h;d4 to #cs4 #h;d4 p] lb4 ,in/ead ( possess+ ! long & ?9 f9i%$ leaf1 :i* is ! desid]atum ( ,black ,teas1 x is roll$ into little balls m or less r\nd1 v>y+ f "o-eigh? to "o-qu>t] ( an in* 9 diamet]4 ,sometimes x is n altoge!r compos$ ( r\nd leaf1 b has "s long leaf mix$4 ,:5 ! ,tea is ( ! %ape ( ,gunp[d]1 b is l>g] ?an ! size above quot$1 x is call$ ,imp]ial4 ,prices ( ,imp]ial are f #aj;d4 to #bs4 #f;d4 ,among/ ,gre5 ,teas ,hyson may be tak5 z ! p>allel ( ,s\*ong ( ! black leaf descriptions4 ,und\bt$ly !re is (t5 mu* "y ,pekoe leaf 9 x1 b all *ance ( discrim9at+ x 9 ! f9i%$ leaf is done away ) by ! *ange 9 col\r4 ,hysons sell f #as4 #b;d4 to #cs4 #f;d4 ,"y ,hyson is small] ?an ,hyson1 occasionally slightly brok54 ,x fet*es f #g;d4 to #bs4 #f;d4 ,hyson sk9 consi/s ( ! bold brok5 leaf ( ,hyson & ,"y ,hyson4 ,a small brok5 ,gre5 ,tea is seldom s5t on ! home m>ket4 ,! reason ( ?is is obvi\s4 ,:5 we consid] t ,hyson sk9 only fet*es f #g;d4 to #as41 x is app>5t t any?+ approa*+ a du/ w\ld give v little *ance ( a pr(it4 ,i h se5 "o or two p>cels1 too mu* brok5 to come "u ! title ( ,hyson sk91 sell at #c;d4 to #f;d4 p] lb4 9 ,london4 ,x w\ld be well if "s ( ! ,indian plant]s w\ld take a lesson f ! ,*9ese1 & n s5d home _! v l[ ,teas1 black or gre51 z !y are v difficult ( sale 9 ,london1 & 9 _m cases _c pay ! co/ ( pack+ & %ipp+4 ,! ,*9ese make a great quantity ( _! brok5 ,teas into ,brick ,tea1 & s5d x into ! ,c5tral ,prov9ces ( ,asia1 :]e x meets ) a ready sale4 ,i d n see :y ?is %\ld n be done by ! ,indian gr[]s4 ,!re is a l>ge consumption ( ,tea on ! o!r side ( ! ,himalayas1 n v f> f ,d>jeel+ & ,assam4 ,i he> also t 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! gr[+ di/ricts1 especially 9 ! ,nor?-we/ ,prov9ces1 ! natives are beg9n+ to consume l>gely1 & w pay #h z4 to #a rupee = a ,tea t c\ld n possibly fet* m ?an #as4 to #as4 #f;d4 p] lb4 9 ,engl&4 ,:e!r ! natives ( ,india1 z a :ole1 d or d n take to dr9k+ ,tea w h a mat]ial effect on ! future prospects ( ! article4 ,be=e dropp+ ! subject ( ,gre5 ,teas1 ,i w say a ^w or two z to ! exp$i5cy ( mak+ ,gre5 ,tea4 ,i h que/ion$ sev]al exp]i5c$ p on ! subject1 b none c tell me _! especial object 9 manufactur+ _! leaf into ,gre5 ,tea4 ,"o g5tleman told me t he ?\ght x 0 because _! ,tea-mak]s 7,*9am57 knew bett] h[ to make gre5s ?an blacks4 ,i h c>efully exam9$ ! leaf ( sev]al ( ! ,nor?-we/ ,gre5 ,teas1 &1 notic+ _! ,engli% sale prices1 consid] t !y w\ld h sold on ! av]age at lea/ #c;d4 p] lb4 high] _h !y be5 made into ,black ,tea4 ,! be/ way to te/ ?is w\ld be to h a ,gre5 & a ,black ,tea made f ! same leaf1 & !n to value ! "o aga9/ ! o!r4 ,i regret t ,i h nev] _h ! opportunity ( do+ ?is4 ,we notice t ! l>ge/ & mo/ exp]i5c$ produc]s nev] make ,gre5 ,tea4#ee ,i mu/ n pass ov] ,cap] )\t a %ort description4 ,x is a ,tea :i* is made 9 l>ge quantity 9 ,*9a1 ?\gh ,i h only se5 "o p>cel ( ,indian gr[?4 ,x =ms a l9k betwe5 ! black & gre5 descriptions4 ,! col\r ( ! leaf is a v d>k gre52 9 =m x is simil> to a gunp[d]1 ,imp]ial1 or r\nd leaf ,cong\4 ,! liquor is pale1 & ! out-turn gre52 flav\r p]haps ne>] to t ( a gre5 ?an ( a ,black ,tea4 ,,footnotes3 #ea ,we h yet to see :at ,jackson's ma*9e c d4 #eb ,ev5 to break ,tea on !m x is a mi/ake to use brass sieves4 ,tea is be/ brok5 by a wood5 roll]1 heavily weigh$ ) lead1 run 94 ,! glaze or gloss on ,tea is ?us pres]v$4 #ec ,i ne$ h>dly rem>k t ! ,h9du/ani ^w ,namuna 7pron\nc$ ,nemoona7 means sample4 #ed ,i ?9k ,i ne$ h>dly pause to correct ! popul> error t ! ,gre5 & ,black ,teas are made f two diff]5t species ( plant4 ,mo/ ( my read]s w "k t !y are bo? made f ! same leaf1 ! diff]5ce ly+ only 9 ! manufacture4 #ee ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,z previ\sly /at$ 9 foot-note page #acc1 ,gre5 ,teas are n[ b little us$ 9 ,great ,brita94 ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,,boxes4 ,,pack+4 ,by f> ! be/ ,tea boxes are ! teak ones made at ,rangoon4 ,! wood is imp]vi\s to insects ( all k9ds1 ev5 :ite ants4 ,sawn by ma*9]y ! pieces s5t to compose ea* box are v regul>4 ,! plank is half in*1 & ea* *e/ made up measures inside #bc by #ah by #ah-a_/b in*es1 & necess>ily outside #bd by #ai by #ai-a_/b in*es4 ,! inn] cubical cont5ts are #g1fei cubic in*es1 & ?is suffices = above "o maund ( f9e1 & "u a maund ( co>se ,tea4 ,ea* box is compos$ ( f\rte5 pieces--viz41 = ! two long sides ?ree ea*1 = ! two %ort sides two ea*1 two = ! bottom1 & two = ! lid4 ,by ! arrangem5t ( ?ree pieces 9 ! long sides1 & two only 9 ! %ort sides1 ! c5tre piece ( ea* long side is atta*$ to bo? ! %ort end pieces1 & ?us great /r5g? 9 ! box is ensur$1 !re be+ no place :]e x c possibly sep>ate at ! jo9ts4 ,^! boxes are n made to 8dovetail40 ,ea* piece 7& !y are sawn ) ma!matical regul>ity z to l5g?1 bread?1 & ?ickness7 mu/ be nail$ to its neighb\r4 ,! be/ nails = ?is are ! k9d call$ 8,fr5* ,p9s10 #a-c_/d in*es long4 ,! wood is sold at ,rangoon 9 bundles1 & c\ld be l&$ 9 ,calcutta = ab\t ,re4 #a-h or #a-ab p] box4 ,! boxes ne$ n be made up till %ortly be=e !y are want$1 & 9 ?is =m1 ( compact bundles ( %ort pieces1 are v conv5i5t = transport & /[age4 ,( c\rse 9 _m di/ricts ^! boxes are n procurable1 & local ones mu/ be made4 ,if s1 use h>d wood1 & make y\r boxes ab\t ! size giv5 above1 = small boxes add mu* to ! co/ ( freight4 ,let ! planks be #e_/h in* ?ick1 = #a_/b in*1 t is1 #d_/h in* bo>ds are n /rong en\gh1 except !y are ( teak or any o!r v good wood4 ,take c>e ! jo9ts ( ! sev]al pieces compos+ ! sides & ends d n co9cide at ! corn]s1 = if !y d ! box is v apt to come asund]4 ,! be/ way to arrange ! pieces is z describ$ above 9 ! ,rangoon boxes4 8,a =m0 mu/ be made on :i* ! inn] lead5 case %all be con/ruct$1 t is1 a well-made smoo? box1 to fit exactly into ! box y pack 94 ,x mu/ be "s #c in*es high] ?an ! int]ior ( ! orig9al box1 & h b>s runn+ across inside1 = h&les to lift x up1 & let ! lead case slip (f x1 aft] x 7! lead case7 is f9i%$4 ,sold] y\r lead case1 ov] y\r =m1 9 ! way to wa/e lea/ lead4 ,9 ! ,rangoon boxes describ$1 two l>ge1 two small %eets1#ef & "o piece1 #bb by #i in*es 7let 9 betwe5 ! two l>ge %eets7 suffices1 & !re is little or no wa/e4 ,! lead case ready1 hold up ! =m by ! inn] rods1 & let ! case slide (f4 ,put x at once into ! pack+-box1 tak+ c>e no nails protrude inside1 or any?+ else :i* w hurt x1 & ?us prep>e all ! boxes = ! break ( ,tea y are ab\t to pack4 ,"o great advantage ! ,rangoon boxes1 & 9 fact all ma*9e-sawn boxes1 h is _! equal1 or ne>ly equal1 weight4 ,pur*as]s ( ,teas1 at ! public auctions1 require 8! t>e0 ( boxes to be z ne> ! same weight z possible4 ,if ! t>es diff]1 say m ?an half-a-p\nd1 ! ,tea w be depreciat$ 9 value4#eg ,x is well !re %\ld be ab\t ! same weight ( ,tea 9 all ! boxes t conta9 any "o k9d1 b ?is is n ess5tial1 :i* equality 9 t>es is4 ,y\r boxes all ready & l9$ ) lead1 *oose a f9e day = pack+4 ,d ?is :e!r y f9ally dry ! ,tea 9 ! sun or ov] ! dholes2 = ev5 9 ! latt] case x is well to avoid a damp day4 ,b be=e y pack y mu/ bulk4 ,t is1 y mu/ mix all ! ,tea1 ( any "o k9d1 s intimately toge!r t samples tak5 out ( any numb] ( *e/s %all agree exactly4 ,?is c be done by turn+ out all ! ,tea on a l>ge clo? plac$ on ! floor1 & turn+ x ov] & ov]4 ,no two days' ,teas are exactly alike1 & y h p]haps a mon?'s ,teas to pack2 x is !re=e necess>y to mix !m well4 ,?\gh ,i "k _m plant]s ?9k ! fumes ( *>coal necess>y & b5eficial = ! la/ dry+1 ,i d n4 ,i h tri$ bo? sun & *>coal1 & no diff]5ce 0 p]ceptible4 ,! =m] co/s no?+1 is m commodi\s1 & ,i always apply x :5 possible4 ,! sun _c burn ! ,teas2 ! *>coal1 if ! heat is too great1 may4 ,:e!r y use sun or *>coal1 put ! ,tea hot into ! boxes4 ,! only object ( ! f9al dry+ is to drive (f ! moi/ure1 :i* ! ,tea w c]ta9ly1 9 a m or less degree1 h imbib$ s9ce its manufacture4 ,ev5 ! l>ge z9c-l9$ b9s :i* %\ld be fitt$ up 9 all ,tea /ores1 & 9 :i* ! ,tea is plac$ aft] manufacture1 w n entirely prev5t damp1 s 9 all cases a f9al dry+ is necess>y4 ,keep x 9 ! sun1 or ov] ! *>coal1 until x is hot ?r\gh\t1 hot en\gh to ensure all ! moi/ure hav+ be5 driv5 (f4 ,!n put into ! box en\gh to ab\t "o-qu>t] fill x4 ,n[ let two m5 rock ! box1 ov] a half-in* r\nd iron b>1 plac$ on ! gr\nd1 until ! ,tea has well settl$4 ,!n place a piece ( c>pet ov] ! ,tea1 ! exact size ( ! box1 & let a man /& inside & press x d[n a m9ute or two ) 8 feet4 ,n[ fill up ne>ly ano!r qu>t]1 & press x aga9 ov] ! c>pet z be=e4 ,repeat ?is1 putt+ less & less into ! box ea* "t1 z y ne> ! top1 until x is q full1 b d n rock x at all ! la/ two or ?ree times1 only press x ) ! feet z describ$4 ,no pat5t screw press1 or any?+ else1 w pack ! ,tea bett] or m closely ?an ?is plan1 & :5 ! m5 are practis$ at x1 y w f9d !re w n be a diff]5ce ( m ?an two or ?ree lbs4 9 ! ,teas ( any "o k9d put into ! boxes4#eh ,! box full1 j ev5 ) ! top1 & well press$ d[n to ! la/1 lay ov] ! ,tea a piece ( ! silv] pap]1 :i* is f\nd ins]t$ betwe5 ea* %eet 9 ! lead boxes4 ,?is prev5ts any sold] or res9 gett+ on ! ,tea :5 sold]+ ! top4 ,n[ fit on ! lead %eet top1 sold]1 & nail on ! wood5 lid4 ,weight ( ,tea 9 ea* box4--,! boxes ready l9$1 ) a lead cov] loose1 mu/ be all weigh$ be=e ! ,tea is pack$1 & aga9 aft] !y are fill$ & sold]$ d[n1 b be=e ! wood5 lid is put on4 ,! diff]5ce ( ^! weights1 m9us ! weight ( ! little sold] us$ 9 fa/5+ d[n ! top lead 7= :i* all[ say "o p\nd to give a m>g9 also71 w be ! net weight ( ,tea 9 ea* box4 ,?9 iron hoop+1 put r\nd bo? ends ( ! boxes1 mu* increases _! /r5g?1 & is n exp5sive4#ei ,/amp ea* box on its lid & on "o end4#fj ,use = ?is z9c plates1 ) ! necess>y m>ks cut out 9 !m4 ,a bru% run ov] ^! ) ! col\r+ matt] does ! "w well & quickly4 ,let ! /amp comprise ! k9d ( ,tea1 ! plantation or own]'s m>k1 ! numb] ( ! box1 & ! ye>2 = in/ance-- ,illu/ration3 ,pekoe4 ,a _/ _/ ,d ,x ,c _/ _/ ,b ,no4 #hj #ahga ,! invoice y s5d ) ! break mu/ give = ea* box ! numb]1 ! gross weight1 ! t>e1 ! net ,tea1 & ! k9d ( ,tea1 ) a decl>ation at foot t ! ,teas ( ea* k9d h be5 respectively well bulk$ & mix$ toge!r be=e pack+4 ,rememb] ! l>g] ! quantity ( ,tea1 ( any "o k9d1 to be sold at "o auction1 ! high] ! price x w probably fet*4 ,sell1 if possible1 tw5ty or ?irty *e/s ( "o k9d ( ,tea at ! same "t1 = small quantities z a rule sell bel[ l>ge1 bo? 9 ,calcutta & ,london4 ,equality ( t>es is ! mo/ important po9t to att5d to 9 pack+ ,teas4 ,x may be difficult1 b ) ma*9e-sawn boxes1 ne>ly ! same weight1 any diff]5ce mu/ be made up ) extra hoop+1 lead1 sold]1 or nails4 ,anyh[ x mu/ be done1 s t no t>es %all diff] m ?an half-a-p\nd 7see foot-note page #adi74 ,,footnotes3 #ef ,l>ge lead is #cg by #bb in*es2 small lead1 #be by #ai in*es4 #eg ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,?is matt] ( equal t>es is v important4 ,if !y diff] m ?an half-a-p\nd all ! ,tea is turn$ out & re-weigh$ 9 ,london1 :i* is a great loss 9 _m ways4 #eh ,x is n ess5tial t ! same quantity ( ,tea %all be 9 ea* box4 #ei ,?is %\ld1 except ! lid "p1 be put on ! boxes be=e ! ,tea is pack$4 #fj ,! object ( /amp+ ! end1 z well z ! lid1 is t :5 ! boxes are pil$ "o above ! o!r ! m>k c be read4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,,managem5t4 ,,acc\nts4 ,,=ms4 ,sy/em & ord]1 a good memory1 a good temp]1 firmness1 att5tion to details1 agricultural k1 indu/ry1 all ^!1 comb9$ ) a ?or\gh k ( ,tea cultivation & ,tea manufacture1 are ! requisites = ! successful managem5t ( a ,tea plantation4 ,to f9d m5 ) all ^! qualities is1 ,i all[1 n v easy1 /ill !y d exi/1 & su* a "o mu/ be _h if success 9 ,tea is look$ =4 ,be=e ! "w is giv5 out ea* day1 ! manag] %\ld decide exactly :at is mo/ requir$1 & apply x to t4 ,he %\ld write d[n1 :5 di/ribut+ ! m51 ! works1 & ! numb] employ$ on ea*4 ,?is pap] he %\ld c>ry 9 8 pocket1 & he c !n v]ify ! m5 at "w at ea* or any place :5 he visits x dur+ ! day4 ,! writ]1 ! moon%ee1 & ! jemad> 7if !re is "o71 %\ld write simil> pap]s :5 ! coolies are mu/]$ 9 ! morn+1 & ! manag] %\ld detail to ea* ( ^! m5 :i* "w !y are p>ticul>ly responsible =4 ,?is %\ld also be %[n 9 ! 8,morn+ ,pap]40 ,ea* ( ! above m5 !n measures out ! "w to ! coolies2 visits x once or (t5] 9 ! day1 & measures all t rema9s undone at night4 ,a daily report ( ! "w is kept1 writt5 by ! writ] 9 ! ev5+4 ,! two =ms giv5 bel[ are ^? ,i h adopt$4 ,! latt] is suit$ to local lab\r paid daily1 b x c easily be alt]$ to suit ei!r local lab\r paid mon?ly or import$ coolies4 ,?is is ! ,morn+ ,pap]4 ,"w to be done on #ahh 4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,detail,no4 ( ,g>d5,9 ^: *>ge,headman on ,probable ,actual ! ,"w numb] numb] ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,total ,coolies ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,! column ( 8,probable numb]s0 is giv5 s t be=e x is kn[n exactly h[ _m m5 w be pres5t = "w !y c be divid$ 9 ! mo/ likely way4 ,ea* headman 7call$ 8,mate10 8,mangee10 c41 9 diff]5t di/ricts7 is be/ designat$ by a lett] or numb]4 ,9 nei!r =m w\ld !re be room to put 9 names at l5g?4 ,! =m bel[ writt5 9 ! ev5+ is made into a book = ea* mon?4 ,! advantages ( x = aft] ref]5ce are great1 & x c ( c\rse be alt]$ to suit ! k9d ( lab\r employ$ on any g>d54 ,"w on = #ahh 4 ,detail ( ,"w,no4 ( ,mangees ,*upp ,coolies,measurem5t & ,g>d5 ,rem>ks ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ,z4 ,total at ,"w #c ,comm& #b-a_/b ,sick #b ,abs5t #a-a_/b ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,total #a ---------------------------------------- -------------- ,pick+ ,leaf ,mak+ ,tea ,tea ,sort+ --------------- ,cut --------------- ,total ,! foll[+ is ! plan ,i recomm5d = ! leaf-pick+ & ! ,tea acc\nts4 ,! leaf ( ea* pick] is be/ measur$ 9 ! field1 &1 z loads are collect$1 br\ght to ! factory by "o or two m5 ?r\gh\t ! day4 ,x entails a loss ( "t1 & fur!r a depreciation 9 ! leaf1 if x is kept long 9 a close mass 9 "o basket1 :i* is ! case :5 ea* pick] br+s 8 or h] leaf to ! factory twice a day4 ,! pick]s are paid s mu* p] basket1 hold+ 9 any case #b-a_/b lbs4 ,i f9d ! mo/ conv5i5t plan is to give ! mangee 9 *>ge ( ! pick]s tickets ( any k9d = ?is1 :i* tickets are *ang$ = money 9 ! ev5+4 ,z ea* load ( leaf comes 9 ?r\gh ! day x is weigh$1 & ?is gives a *eck on ! tickets giv5 by ! mangee or mate4 ,?is is ! mean+ ( ! two columns 9 ! =m bel[1 8tickets by leaf0 & 8tickets paid40 ,9 ! =m ! fir/ column ( 8leaf results0 %[s ! condition ( ! leaf :5 pick$1 :e!r wet 7,w7 or dry 7,d74 ,unless ?is 7 not$ ! prop] am\nt ( ,teas ! leaf ought to make c\ld n be kn[n1 & !re w\ld be no *eck aga9/ !ft1 :i* is c>ri$ on to a great ext5t 9 _m g>d5s4 ,z expla9$ previ\sly1 only ! sections ready 9 ea* g>d5 are pick$4 ,! sections are n ent]$ 9 ! =m1 only ! numb] ( ! g>d54 ,! flu%es n[ not$ are ! #bj?1 9 "s ! #ba/1 or #bbnd 9 o!rs4 ,! ,tea is calculat$ f ! leaf4 ,x %\ld be #be p] c5t4 if ! leaf is pick$ dry1 & #bb p] c5t4 if pick$ wet4 ,z ea* load comes 9 a memor&um is made z to :e!r x is dry or wet1 & ! figures 9 ! column 8,tea %\ld be0 are ?us f\nd4 ,! ,tea is weigh$ ! morn+ aft] x is made & ent]$ 9 ! column 8,tea made40 ,! p]c5tage x be>s to ! leaf is !n calculat$ & ent]$ 9 ! acc\nt column4 ,aft] sift+ ! :ole is weigh$ aga91 & ! result ent]$ 9 ! column 8,tea aft] sift+40 ,do+ ?is is v important1 = x *ecks !ft4 ,directly aft] x is weigh$ ?is second "t x is put 9 ! b9s 9 ! /ore4 ,daily ,leaf & ,tea ,acc\nt4 ---------------------------------------- ----------- ,,tea ,,results4 ---------------------------------------- ------- ,tea ,tea aft] ,date %\ld x is be ,tea made ,p] c5t4sift$ ---------------------------------------- ------- ,octob] ,sunday1 #a/ ,monday1 #bnd #aih #bjj #bd #aii ,tuesday1 #crd #bca #bcj #be #bcc ,w$nesday1 #d? ,?ursday1 #e? ,friday1 #f? ,saturday1 #g? ,total = ,mds4 lbs4 ! week #afcb ---------------------------------------- ------- ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,,leaf ,,results4 ---------------------------------------- -------- ,/ate ,tickets ,numb] ,flu%es ( ------------- ( ---------------,total leaf ,by leaf,paid ,g>d5 #bj #ba #bb leaf ---------------------------------------- ----- #bbj,w #c #agj #fjj;,d #daj #cfj #e #caj #g #aab #h #bbh #hbj ,d #dfb #ddj #c #eae #i #daj #ibe #a #dcj ,w #bjj #ahj #b #afj #c #baj #hjj ---------------------------------------- ----- ,if ?is sy/em is c>ri$ out1 no ,tea 7exce$+ a p\nd or s7 c be /ol5 )\t its be+ at once miss$1 & ! importance ( ?is _c be exagg]at$4 ,tea proprietors d n guess h[ mu* is lo/ 9 ?is way4 ,maunds ^u maunds might be /ol5 9 _m g>d5s1 & unless ! !ft 7 accid5tally discov]$ !re is no?+ 9 ! ,tea acc\nts to %[ x to ! manag]4 ,i h suppositi\sly fill$ up ! ?ree fir/ days ( ! =m4 ,! #hbj lbs4 leaf pick$ on ,sunday is made into ,tea on ,monday4 ,! #aih is writt5 d[n ,sunday ev5+4 ,on ,tuesday morn+1 :5 ! ,tea is weigh$ & f\nd to be #bjj lbs41 t is ent]$ 9 ! ,monday l9e1 z also ! p]c5tage4 ,on ,tuesday ev5+1 aft] x is sift$ & made into diff]5t ,teas1 x is weigh$ aga9 & f\nd to be #aii lbs41 & s ent]$4 ,9 dry wea!r aft] sift+1 ow+ to du/ fly+ (f1 x is always a little less4 ,9 wet wea!r1 on ! contr>y1 x increases 9 weight4 ,9 ! ,tuesday l9e :]e 8,w0 %[s x 0 a wet day & ! ,tea #bcj lbs4 be=e sift+ x1 is #bcc aft]w>ds4 ,?is is ow+ to moi/ure imbib$1 & x is ! only objection to sift+ daily1 :atev] ! wea!r4 ,! advantages ( ! plan1 ?\gh1 are s great1 z expla9$1 t ,i put up ) ?is1 & practically ,i d n f9d x detrim5tal4 ,( c\rse1 z previ\sly expla9$1 all moi/ure is driv5 (f be=e ! ,tea is pack$4 ,h[ev]1 to make all q safe1 aft] a v wet damp day1 ! ,teas might be re-dri$ = a few m9utes ov] *>coal be=e be+ put into _! respective b9s4 ,i d n d ?is myself ?\gh1 & d n ?9k x necess>y4 ,i hope n[ ,i h made ! above =m pla94 ,x is 9 a book1 & ea* page w hold "o week4 ,! total ( ! ,tea made 9 ! week is add$ up & %[n at foot1 & t am\nt is !n transf]r$ to ! cr$it side ( ! ,tea /ore acc\nt4 ,?us 7see bo? =ms7 #af maunds #cb lbs4 is cr$it$4 ,! =m giv5 on ! next page is also kept 9 a book1 & ! total ( "r-h& side subtract$ f ! left gives at any "t ! quantity ( ,tea 9 /ore4 ,tea ,/ore ,acc\nt4 ------------------------------------ ,,receipts ---------------------------------- ,tea made ,week end+ 9 week ,total on ,saturday -------------------- ,mds4 lbs4 ,mds4 lbs4 -------------------------------- ,br\ght ov] 44 44 44 #dje #h ,octob] #g? #af #cb #ad? #ae #j #ba/ #ag #aj #bh? #ad #dj ---------- #fc #b -------------------------------- ,c>ri$ ov] ---------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ,,exp5diture ---------------------------------------- --------------- ,tea 9 ea* ,date ,no4 ( ,invoice,to :om ,invoice ,total --------------------- ,mds4 lbs4 ,mds4 lbs4 ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,br\ght ov] 44 44 #cea #ad ,octob] #c #ae ------- #dj #ae #bj #af ------- #cc #aj ---------- #gc #be ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,c>ri$ ov] ---------------------------------------- --------------- ,reg>d+ acc\nts betwe5 ! manag] & 8 employ]s1 ,i ?9k !y %\ld be ( ! simple/ k9d4 ,if a man c be tru/$ he %\ld be tru/$2 if he _c1 no sy/em ( acc\nts w re/ra9 him1 & he %\ld be kick$ out4 ,a simple acc\nt curr5t1 furni%$ mon?ly1 %[+ "u few heads ! receipts & exp5diture1 is all t c be requir$4 ,x is n by any pap]s receiv$ f a manag] t an op9ion c be express$ z to h[ he does 8 "w1 & h[ ! plantation progresses4 ,a compet5t p]son visit+ ! g>d5 c easily asc]ta91 & 9 default ( ?is1 & comb9$ ) ?is1 ! only true te/ is ! balance %eet at ! end ( ea* season4 ,%ortly1 x is n by ! =m1 ! nicety1 ! detail ( acc\nts betwe5 manag] & employ]1 t success is ensur$ or ev5 =w>d$4 ,x is1 z f> z acc\nts are conc]n$1 by ! =ms & sy/em ! manag] adopts z betwe5 him & 8 subord9ates1 & ^! he %\ld be able to %[ are good to ! employ]1 or anyone deput$ by him to visit ! g>d54 ,! pr(it %[n ye>ly1 :e!r x is l>ge or small1 all ?+s consid]$1 is1 h[ev]1 ! only true ultimate te/4 ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4 ,,co/ ,,( ,,manufacture1 ,,pack+1 ,,transport1 ,,etc4 ,^! are z foll[3--,!y w v>y m or less accord+ to ! di/rict1 rate ( wages1 c41 b 9 ! =m ! tables are giv51 if n suitable to any case1 !y c easily be made s4 ,i h add$ sort+1 pack+1 freight to ,calcutta1 & brok]'s *>ges 9 ,calcutta1 to ! co/1 s t all is includ$ f ! mom5t ! gre5 leaf is pick$ (f ! trees till ! hamm] falls at ! public auction4 ,table co/ ( ,manufacture1 ,sort+1 ,pack+1 ,transport to ,calcutta1 & ,brok]'s ,*>ges = ea* maund ( ,tea4 ,manufacture4 ,,rs4 ,,z4 ,p4 ,,rs4 ,,z4 ,p4 #a head man ) ! pick]s1 say #j #d #j #cbj lbs4 gre5 leaf pick$1 at #a pice p] lb4#fa #e #j #j #a man )]+ above leaf1 at say #d annas #j #d #j #a_/d %>e head man 9 roll+ h\se #j #b #j #aj-b_/c m5 roll+ above1 at #cj lbs4 leaf p] man1 & say #d annas p] man #b #aj #h #a_/d boy cle>+ out a%es ( ,dhole h\se1 at say #b annas #j #j #f #a_/d %>e head man 9 ,dhole h\se #j #b #j #a man fir+ 8,dhole "w0 say #j #d #j #c_/d maund *>coal = ,dhole "w1 at #h annas #j #f #j ,lights = night "w1 viz41 turn+ gre5 leaf & dhol+1 say #j #d #j ,we> & te> ( dhallas1 baskets1 pick+ baskets1 fuel = artificial )]+1 c4 #j #a #aj ---------- #i #g #j ,sift+ & ,sort+4 #a-a_/b boys to pick out r$ leaf1 at say #b annas #j #c #j #a sift+ man1 at say #d annas #j #d #j ,we> & te> ( sieves1 say #j #j #c ---------- #j #g #c ,pack+4 #a box #a #ac #j #d %eets lead1 viz41 #b l>ge & #b small4 #a #f #f ,lab\r ( l9+ box ) lead1 sold]1 clos+ lead1 clos+ wood5 box1 /amp+1 & co/ ( nails #j #j #i ,lab\r ( dry+ previ\s to pack+1 :e!r 9 sun1 or ov] dholes1 includ+ *>coal1 if ! latt] are us$ #j #j #i ,lab\r ( fill+ ! box1 %ak+ x well1 & press+ d[n ! ,tea 7#b m57 #j #j #f ---------- #c #e #f ,transport4 ,freight to ,calcutta = "o maund ,tea1 say #a #ab #j ---------- #a #ab #j ,brok]'s ,*>ges 9 ,calcutta4 ,l&+1 lott+1 & adv]tis+ p] *e/ #j #ad #j ,brok]age at #a p] c5t4 on ! am\nt sale1 say ,rs4 #gj = ! maund #j #aa #c ---------- #a #i #c ----------- ,total = "o maund ( ,tea#fb #af #i #j ----------- ,n4,b4--,if m ?an two maunds ,tea are made p] day1 "s ( ! items "u head ( 8,manufacture0 w\ld be a little less4 ,see page #gj1 :]e x w be se5 t ea* maund ( ,tea is wor? to ! manufactur] 7aft] d$uct+ all co/s7 ,rs4 #ej4 ,,footnotes3 #fa ,9 practice ! basket 9 :i* ! leaf is measur$ be+ made to hold #b-a_/b lbs41 = :i* a ticket is giv51 repres5t+ #b pice1 ! leaf to make a maund ( ,tea does n really co/ s mu*4 #fb ,aft] exp]i5ce has %[n me ?is am\nt1 :5 any quantity ( ,tea is made1 is too high--,rs4 #ab to #ac w\ld be ne>] ! m>k4 ,,*apt] ,,xxix4 ,,co/ ,,( ,,mak+ ,a #cjj-;,,acre ,,tea ,,g>d54 ,9 ! foll[+ e/imate #ajj acres are suppos$ to be plant$ ! fir/ ye>1 #ajj acres ! second1 & #ajj acres ! ?ird4 ,to elucidate a table ,i %all draw up 9 ! next *apt] %[+ ! probable receipts & exp5diture on su* a g>d5 = a s]ies ( ye>s1 ,i %all suppose ?is plantation to be begun 9 #ahge1 & numb] ! ye>s accord+ly4 ,! exp5diture w\ld truly1 9 ! suppos$ case1 beg9 9 ! latt] "p ( #ahgd1 b x is m conv5i5t to reg>d x z comm5c+ #a/ ,janu>y1 #ahge4 ,i e/imate all new cultivation z plant$ 8at /ake10 t is1 ! se$ s[n 9 situ4 ,nurs]ies are only to fill up vacancies4 ,i %all n pret5d 9 ?is to g into m9ute details1 su* z are giv5 at page #hd1 = x is simply impossible to d s4 ,! co/ ( mak+ a plantation mu/ v>y greatly1 be+ det]m9$ by climate1 available lab\r & its rates1 lay ( l&1 nature ( jungle to cle>1 c41 c4 ,9 ?is e/imate only r\nd numb]s c be dealt )4 ,! prices ,i assume are av]age ones1 nei!r suit$ to v heavy jungle1 & v exp5sive lab\r1 or ! rev]se3-- #a/ ye> 7#ahge74 ,,rs4 ,,rs4 ,pur*ase #gjj acres l&1 at ,rs4 #h p] acre #e1fjj #dj maunds se$1 at ,rs4 #gjfc #b1hjj ,nurs]ies = vacancies & lab\r transplant+#fd #bjj ,fir/ tempor>y build+s #a1jjj ,all exp5diture to plant #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #hj p] acre#fe #h1jjj ,cultivat+ ! said #ajj acres fir/ ye>1 at ,rs4 #ej p] acre#ff #e1jjj ----- #bb1fjj #bnd ye> 7#ahgf74 #fj maunds se$1 at ,rs4 #gjfd #d1bjj ,nurs]ies & lab\r transplant+#fd #cjj ,repairs1 build+s & "s new ones /ill ( a tempor>y nature #ejj ,all exp5diture to plant ! second #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #gj p] acre#fe #g1jjj ,cultivat+ fir/ #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #fj1 second #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #ej p] acre#ff #aa1jjj ------ #bc1jjj #crd ye> 7#ahgg74 #gj maunds se$s1 at ,rs4 #gjfd #d1ijj ,nurs]ies & lab\r transplant+#fd #djj ,build+s = ,tea manufacture 7tempor>y7 & repairs to build+s #c1jjj ------ #h1cjj ,all exp5diture to plant ! ?ird #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #fj p] acre#fg #f1jjj ,cultivat+ fir/ #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #gj1 second at ,rs4 #fj1 ?ird at ,rs4 #ej p] acre#fh #ah1jjj ------ #bd1jjj ,int]e/ on fir/ ye>'s outlay1 two & a half ye>s1 second ye>'s outlay1 "o & a half ye>s1 ?ird ye>'s outlay half ye>1 at ,rs4 #e p] c5t4 p] annum4 #e1ceg ------ ,total exp5se to make ! #cjj-;acre g>d5 #hc1beg ,! g>d5 is n[ made at a co/1 includ+ int]e/ on all outlay ( ,rs4 #hc1beg1 & ,i am v confid5t t a good #cjj-;acre g>d5 c1 z set out1 be made = t sum4 ,! rates assum$ are s lib]al t a fair m>g9 is all[$ = bad se$ or any o!r mis=tune4 #d? ye> 7#ahgh74 #bj maunds se$1 at ,rs4 #gjfi #a1djj ,nurs]ies & lab\r transplant+#fi #ejj ,repairs1 build+s#gj #ejj ,cultivat+ fir/ #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #hj1 second at ,rs4 #gj1 ?ird at ,rs4 #fj p] acre#ga #ba1jjj ------ #bc1djj #e? ye> 7#ahgi74 #aj maunds se$s1 at ,rs4 #gjgb #gjj ,nurs]ies & lab\r transplant+#gb #ejj ,repairs1 build+s#gc #ejj ,cultivat+ fir/ #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #ij1 second at ,rs4 #hj1 ?ird at ,rs4 #gj p] acre#gd #bd1jjj ------ #be1gjj #f? ye> 7#ahhj74 ,nurs]ies & lab\r transplant+#gb #ejj ,repairs build+s#gc #ejj ,cultivat+ fir/ #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #ajj1 second at ,rs4 #ij1 ?ird at ,rs4 #hj p] acre#gd #bg1jjj ------ #bh1jjj #g? ye> 7#ahha74 ,nurs]ies & lab\r transplant+#gb #ejj ,build+ a p]man5t ,tea ,factory & ,tea ,/ore & repairs to build+#gc #ab1ejj ,cultivat+ fir/ #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #ajj1 second at ,rs4 #ajj1 ?ird at ,rs4 #ij p] acre#gd #bi1jjj ------ #db1jjj #h? ye> 7#ahhb74 ,nurs]ies & lab\r transplant+#gb #ejj ,new p]man5t h\ses = ,manag] & ,assi/ant1 & repairs to build+s#gc #h1ejj ,cultivat+ fir/1 second1 & ?ird #ajj acres1 at ,rs4 #ajj p] acre#gd #cj1jjj ------ #ci1jjj #i? ye> 7#ahhc71 & all ye>s aft]4 ,nurs]ies1 at ,rs4 #ejjge ,repairs to build+s1 at ,rs4 #ejjgf #a1jjj ,cultivat+ ! #cjj acres1 at ,rs4 #ajj p] acre#gg #cj1jjj ------ #ca1jjj ,no?+ is all[$ = int]e/ aft] ! ?ird ye>1 = soon aft] t1 viz41 fif? ye>1 ! g>d5 beg9s to give pr(its on ! ye>ly op]ations4 ,all ! above figures are c>ri$ out 9 ! table 9 ! next *apt]1 page #agb1 & h[ l>ge ! pr(its on ,tea may be w !re be se54 ,9 none ( ! e/imates ( co/1 up to ?is1 is ! exp5se ( manufactur+ ! ,tea includ$4 ,x w\ld h be5 v inconv5i5t to d s4 ,! co/ is s mu* p] maund ( ,tea1 & ,i pref] e/imat+ ! ,tea at its m>ket rate m9us ! co/ ( manufacture %[n at pages #gj & #afb4 ,,footnotes3 #fc ,! co/ = se$1 nurs]ies1 & transplant+ increases ea* ye> z ! area ov] :i* vacancies may exi/ enl>ges4 #fd ,see note #fc p4 #afc4 #fe ,! exp5diture = plant+ ! #ajj acres ea* ye> includes cutt+ & cle>+ jungle1 remov+ roots1 digg+1 /ak+1 pitt+1 & s[+ ! se$4 ,9 fact all exp5diture includ+ "p ( ! pay ( ,manag] & ,e/abli%m5t4 ,! rate p] acre decreases ea* ye>1 because ea* ye> !re is m exp5diture ( o!r k9ds1 :i* helps to pay = ! ,manag] & ,e/abli%m5t4 #ff ,! reason :y ! rate = cultivation on ! #ajj acres plant$ ea* ( ! ?ree fir/ ye>s increases ea* ye> is giv5 9 ! table & rem>ks at pages #hd & #he4 #fg ,see note #fe1 p4 #afd4 #fh ,see note #ff1 p4 #afd4 #fi ,! se$ to be b\ght is n[ less ea* ye>1 z x is produc$ on ! g>d51 & aft] ! fif? ye> no m has to be pur*as$4 ,f ! f\r?1 & all subsequ5t ye>s1 nurs]ies = vacancies are calculat$ at ,rs4 #ejj1 :i* is en\gh1 z ! g>d5 has be5 previ\sly ye>ly repl5i%$4 ,?is exp5diture w be cont9ual z long z ! g>d5 la/s1 = !re w always be "s vacancies to replace4 #gj ,rupees #ejj is a fair sum to e/imate = ord9>y annual repairs to build+s1 & x w be requir$ z long z ! g>d5 la/s4 ,a tempor>y ,factory 0 made 9 #ahgg1 & a p]man5t build+ is n[ all[$ = 9 #ahha4 ,p]man5t ,manag]'s & ,assi/ant's h\ses are also all[$ = 9 #ahhb4 ,! g>d5 c af=d ?is n[1 = ! pr(its are l>ge4 7,see table at page #agb47 #ga ,= ! rates assum$ "h see page #hd4 #gb ,see ,note #fi1 p4 #afe4 #gc ,see ,note #gj1 p4 #afe4 #gd ,see ,note #ga1 p4 #afe4 #ge ,see note #fi1 p4 #afe4 #gf ,see note #gj1 p4 #afe4 #gg ,see note #ga1 p4 #afe4 ,,*apt] ,,xxx4 ,,h[ ,,mu* ,,pr(it ,,tea ,,c ,,give4 ,we h already e/imat$ ! co/ ( mak+ & cultivat+ a plantation ( #cjj acres4 ,we mu/ n[ asc]ta9 h[ mu* ,tea t area w give ye>ly4 ,x is a v wide "q :at produce an acre ( ,tea w give4 ,! foll[+ is an extract f ! 8,report ( ! ,commission]s appo9t$ to enquire into ! /ate & prospects ( ,tea cultivation 9 ,assam & ,ca*>10 address$ to ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,b5gal1 & dat$ ,m>*1 #ahfh3-- 8,av]age produce p] acre40 8,! returns ( actual produce ( g>d5s 9 #ahfg :i* we h obta9$ are s few 9 numb] t x is impossible to take any g5]al av]age f !m4 ,! produce 9 ^! v>ies f ?ree-&-a-half maunds to "o-&-a-half maunds p] acre1 omitt+ ! m rec5tly =m$ g>d5s4 8,f in=mation receiv$ dur+ our t\r we h reason to believe t "s g>d5s produce m ?an ! highe/ rate p] acre "h m5tion$2 b1 9 ! abs5ce ( returns ( exact acreage & out-turn1 we _c notice ^! in/ances4 8,mr4 ,hawor?1 9 8 pamphlet already quot$1 speaks ( ! produce ( ,ca*> g>d5s z foll[s3-- 8#8,i believe t ?ree maunds p] acre is fully "o-?ird m ?an ! pres5t av]age yield ( g>d5s 9 ,ca*>1 aft] d$uct+ ! area ( plant "u yield+ age4 8#8,!re is no reason1 t ,i am aw>e (1 :y ! yield ( ,tea %\ld n soon be rais$ to f\r maunds1 & m gradually six maunds p] acre1 equal to tw5ty-f\r maunds ( leaf p] acre 7less ?an "o ton p] acre = a gre5 crop1 :i* is /ill a v small "o74 ,ev5 n[ !re are g>d5s 9 ,ca*> :i* give an av]age ( f five to six maunds p] acre ?is season4 ,"s ( ^! g>d5s h really no app>5t advantage ov] _! less =tunate neighb\rs1 beyond t ( a some:at bett] sy/em ( cultivation & prun+2 & ^! improvem5ts ev5 are to su* a small degree ahead ( ! g5]al practice1 t ,i feel ju/ifi$ 9 say+ ,i _c place a limit on :at ! increas$ yield %\ld be "u a m rational sy/em ( cultivation1 & ! application ( manures on a lib]al scale1 leav+ out ( consid]ation altoge!r :at might reasonably be expect$ f a good sy/em ( dra9age 9 addition4' 8,mr4 ,james ,/u>t1 ,manag] ( ! ,b5gal ,tea ,company's g>d5s 9 ,ca*>1 has also giv5 two maunds an acre z ! g5]al av]age ( ,ca*> g>d5s = ! pa/ season1 includ+ "y g>d5s ( two1 ?ree1 & f\r ye>s old4 8,we d n ?9k x necess>y to quote 9 detail ! op9ions ( all ! g5tlem5 exam9$ by u on ! subject ( av]age produce p] acre4 ,a g>d5 t c give f\r maunds p] acre is und\bt$ly a good "o1 & we h no d\bt !re are su*1 or ev5 bett]2 b we d n ?9k !y are s common z to w>rant our tak+ m ?an ?ree maunds z a safe av]age40 ,mr4 ,a4 ,c4 ,campbell1 ,extra ,assi/ant ,commission] at ,burpettah1 9 8 8,notes on ,tea ,cultivation 9 ,assam10 publi%$ 9 ! ,j\rnal ( ! ,agricultural & ,horticultural ,society ( ,india1 "p #c1 vol4 xii41 page #cji1 says3--8,good ,tea l& c be made to yield z high z sev5 maunds p] poora40 ,i =get exactly h[ mu* a poora is1 b ,i believe x is ne>ly an acre4 ,9 ! ,report to ,gov]nm5t by ! ,commission]s1 quot$ above1 at page #i1 ,mr4 ,t4 ,burl&1 aft] e/imat+ ! co/ ( cultivation p] acre p] m5sem at ,rs4 #i-aj-b1 adds3--8,) ! above exp5diture p] acre x is probable t mu* m ?an five maunds ( ,tea w be obta9$ f an acre ( fair plant40#gh ,all ^! e/imates1 h[ev]1 are bas$ on ! cultivation ( ,tea z c>ri$ on hi!rto ) few exceptions1 t is to say1 on g>d5s cov]$ ) we$s = _m mon?s 9 ! ye>1 & to :i* no manure has ev] be5 giv54 ,) su* cultivation1 p>ticul>ly on g>d5s plant$ on slopes1 ,i ?9k myself t ! yield w n exce$ f\r maunds at ! outside4 ,high cultivation & lib]al manur+ w1 ,i believe1 at lea/ d\ble ! above1 if ! plants are ( a high class4 ,h[ev]1 "h ,i give a table on ! subject :i* ,i h c>efully fram$4 ,e/imate ( probable yield p] acre on flat l&1 good soil1 9 a good ,tea climate1 & ) hybrid plants1 if really high cultivation & lib]al manur+ is c>ri$ out4 ------------------------------------ ,ye>,suppos$ ,ye>,e/imat$ yield p] acre 9 maunds#gi ------------------------------------ #a/ #ahge -- #bnd #ahgf -- #crd #ahgg #a_/b #d? #ahgh #b #e? #ahgihj #d #f? #ahhj #e #g? #ahha #f #h? #ahhb #g #i? #ahhc #g-a_/b #aj? #ahhdha #h ------------------------------------ ,i d n ?9k plants rea* to p]fect maturity "u eight or t5 ye>s4 ,t eight maunds p] acre z e/imat$ 9 ! table j giv5 c be realis$1 "u ! conditions /at$1 ,i h no d\bt :atev]1 b ,i am equally c]ta9 t ! size ( "s g>d5s 9 ,india mu/ be mu* r$uc$ if ev5 five or six maunds are look$ =4#hb ,n only mu/ !y be r$uc$ 9 size1 b !y mu/ be highly cultivat$1 mu/ be manur$1 & no vacancies all[$4 ,h[ev]1 ,i h dwelt on all ^! po9ts be=e1 & ne$ n repeat "h1 = unless ! read] is conv9c$ be=e ?is t a l>ge area & l[ cultivation won't pay1 x 7 wa/e to write m4 ,i n[ give a table %[+ ! result = twelve ye>s ( a plantation su* z ,i h advis$4 ,,table ,,%[+ ,,! ,,e/imat$ ,,results ,,= #ab ,,ye>s ,,( ,a #cjj-;,,acre ,,plantation1 ,,9 ,a ,,good ,,tea ,,climate1 ,,highly ,,cultivat$ ,,& ,,lib]ally ,,manur$4 ---------------------------------- ,,ye> ,,& ,,rate ,,( ,,yield+ ,,9 ,,maunds -------------------------------- #a #b #c ---------------------------- ,yield p] acre z p] page #agj,suppos$ ye> ,ye> -------------------------------- ,mds4 #a 44 #ahge #b 44 #ahgf #c #a_/b #ahgg #d #b #ahgh #e #d #ahgi #f #e #ahhj #g #f #ahha #h #g #ahhb #i #g-a_/b #ahhc #aj #h #ahhd #aa #h #ahhe #ab #h #ahhf -------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- -- ,,yield ,,9 ,,maunds ,,( #cjj ,,acres ,,& ,,its ,,value ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- #d #e #f #g #h ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ,rate yield ( #ajj,rate yield ( #ajj,rate yield ( #ajj ,total ye>ly ,value p] acres1 plant$ acres1 plant$ acres1 plant$ yield 9 maunds maund 9 #ahge 9 #ahgf 9 #ahgg ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ,mds4 ,mds4 ,mds4 ,mds4 44 44 44 44 ,rs4 #ej 44 44 44 44 p] maund1 #a_/b 44 44 #ej aft] #b #a_/b 44 #bej co/ ( #d #b #a_/b #fej manufacture1 #e #d #b #a1ajj pack+1 #f #e #d #a1ejj & #g #f #e #a1hjj transport #g-a_/b #g #f #b1jej are #h #g-a_/b #g #b1bej d$uct$1 #h #h #g-a_/b #b1cej see pages #h #h #h #b1djj #gj #afb ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,,ye>ly ,,results ---------------------------------------- ------------- #i #aj #aa #ab ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,receipt f,total exp5diture sale ( ,tea detail$ at pages,ye>ly ,pr(it,ye>ly ,loss #afd1 #afe1 #aff ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,rs4 ,rs4 ,rs4 ,rs4 44 #bb1fjj 44 #bb1fjj 44 #bc1jjj 44 #bc1jjj #b1ejj #cg1feghc 44 #ce1aeg #ab1ejj #bc1djj 44 #aj1ijj #cb1ejj #be1gjj #f1hjj 44 #ee1jjj #bh1jjj #bg1jjj 44 #ge1jjj #db1jjj #cc1jjj 44 #ij1jjj #ci1jjj #ea1jjj 44 #a1jb1ejj #ca1jjj #ga1ejj 44 #a1ab1ejj #ca1jjj #ha1ejj 44 #a1ag1ejj #ca1jjj #hf1ejj 44 #a1bj1jjj #ca1jjj #hi1jjj 44 ---------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ,,f9al ,,results ---------------------------------------- ---------------- #ac #ad #ae #af ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,total receipts,total exp5diture ,balance to ,balance to to end ( to end ( cr$it end (debit end ( ea* ye> ea* ye> ea* ye> ea* ye> ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,rs4 ,rs4 ,rs4 ,rs4 44 #bb1fjj 44 #bb1fjj 44 #de1fjj 44 #de1fjj #b1ejj #hc1beg 44 #hj1geg #ae1jjj #a1jf1feg 44 #ia1feg #dg1ejj #a1cb1ceg 44 #hd1heg #a1jb1ejj #a1fj1ceg 44 #eg1heg #a1gg1ejj #b1jb1ceg 44 #bd1heg #b1fg1ejj #b1da1ceg #bf1adc 44 #c1gj1jjj #b1gb1ceg #ig1fdc 44 #d1hb1ejj #c1jc1ceg #a1gi1adc 44 #f1jj1jjj #c1cd1ceg #b1fe1fdc 44 #g1bj1jjj #c1fe1ceg #c1ed1fdc 44 ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ---------------------------------- ,,rem>ks4 ---------------------------------- ,x w be se5 f ?is table z foll[s3-- #a4 ,ab\t ,rs4 #ij1jjj ( capital is necess>y to make a plantation z quick z ?is4 ,if made m gradually1 v mu* less w\ld suffice4 #b4 ,!re is no ye>ly pr(it until ! fif? ye>4 #c4 ,by ! eigh? ye> all ! outlay is recov]$4 ,?is table has be5 prep>$ ) great c>e1 & ! au?ority = ! figures assum$ has be5 arriv$ at 9 previ\s p>ts4 7,see head+s ( ! ,cols4 = ! pages & note at foot47 ,i believe ?is table repres5ts truly :at ,tea1 ) all ! necess>y advantages detail$ 9 ! next page1 c d4 ---------------------------------- ,at ! foll[+ pages w be f\nd ! calculations = ! figures assum$3--,col4 #b1 page #agj2 ,col4 #h1 pages #gj & #afb2 ,col4 #aj1 pages #afd1 #afe1 #aff4 ,! necessities = success 9 ,tea are3-- #a4 ,a good climate4 #b4 ,a good site4 #c4 ,p]fect k 9 ,tea cultivation & ,tea manufacture on ! proprietor's "p or t ( 8 manag]4 #d4 ,se$ f a high class ( plants4 #e4 ,local or *eap import$ lab\r4 #f4 ,facilities = manur+4 #g4 ,*eap transport4 ,d n disp5se1 ?\gh1 ) ev5 "o ( ! sev5 po9ts nam$1 = ! tru? is simply1 t ,tea w pay v well ) all ! above advantages1 b w utt]ly fail )\t !m4 ,su* is my advice to int5d+ beg9n]s4 ,to ^? :o h g>d5s1 ,i say1 r$uce y\r areas till ( ! size y c really cultivate !m highly1 & procure manure at any co/4 ,i %all n h writt5 9 va91 & ,tea ent]prise 9 ,india w fl\ri%1 if ! motto ( plant]s 9 future be-- 8,a full area1 highly cultivat$40 ,,footnotes3 #gh ,see my e/imate = cultivation at page #hd4 ,i !re e/imate ,rs4 #ajj p] acre p] annum f ! six? ye>1 s t ,mr4 ,burl& six ye>s ago _h come to ! same op9ion ab\t high cultivation t ,i hold4 #gi ,calculat+ ,tea by maunds is conv5i5t1 inasmu* z p\nds necessitate su* l5g?y figures = all calculations4 ,! maund "h employ$ is1 h[ev]1 q an arbitr>y measure4 ,x is n ! ,indian maund1 x equals & is repres5t$ exactly by #hj lbs4 ,any numb] ( maunds multipli$ by #hj w naturally give ! lbs4 ( ,tea4 #hj ,up to ?is po9t1 viz41 ! fif? ye> inclusive1 ! figures giv5 h be5 mu* m ?an realis$1 & t on a g>d5 ) #ae p] c5t4 vacancies4 ,x has be51 ?\gh1 highly cultivat$ & lib]ally manur$ f ! fir/4 #ha ,f ! fif? to ! t5? ye> is assumption1 except t ,i "k "o g>d5 :i*1 to my c]ta9 k1 has giv5 m !n t5 maunds an acre1 & ?is 9 spite ( ab\t #ae p] c5t4 vacancies4 ,! g>d5 is an old "o1 plant$ ab\t #ah ye>s ago4 ,x is also a v small "o4 ,! soil is v poor1 b ! plants are ( ! highe/ class4 ,x 0 mu* neglect$ till ab\t eight ye>s ago4 ,f t "t x has be5 highly cultivat$ 9 e way except 9 ! po9t ( irrigation1 = x has n t advantage4 ,x has be5 mo/ lib]ally manur$4 #hb ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,) high cultivation on a fav\rable site & 9 a really good ,tea climate1 ,i n[ believe #aj maunds p] acre w ev5tually be realis$4 #hc ,) int]e/1 see pages #afd & #afe4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxi4 ,,pa/1 ,,pres5t1 ,,& ,,future ,,( ,,indian ,,tea4 ,a few words on ! pa/1 ! pres5t1 & ! future ( ,indian ,tea w n[ conclude ?is ,essay1 & w1 ,i hope1 be acceptable to ! read]4 ,! subject is "o ( gr[+ importance1 b be+ a new "o1 !re are po9ts connect$ ) x on :i* ! public are v ignorant1 & %\ld be enlight5$4 ,to beg9 )1 ! foll[+ facts are n disput$ by ^? :o "k any?+ ( ! subject3-- #a4 ,indian ,teas h f> m body1 t is /r5g?1 ?an ,*9ese ,teas4 #b4 ,indian ,teas consequ5tly comm& a high] price at ! ,london sales ?an ,*9ese ,teas4 #c4 ,9 spite ( its high] price1 x is f> m economical ?an ! ,*9ese produce1 z1 g5]ally speak+1 "o-?ird ( ! quantity suffices4 #d4 ,!re are l&s en\gh 9 ,india to gr[ all ! ,tea requir$ = ,engl&'s use1 &1 inde$1 = all h] colonies4 ,if ^! are facts1 & ,i confid5tially affirm !y are s1 h[ is x t ! foll[+ holds 9 ,engl&8 #a4 ,indian ,tea is n kn[n to ! public4 #b4 ,except 9 "o or two %ops 9 ,london & ,glasg[1 unkn[n to ! mass ( ! p1 n an ounce ( pure ,indian ,tea c be b\ght 9 all ,engl&4 #c4 ,t ,india is ev5 a ,tea-produc+ c\ntry is sc>cely kn[n 9 ,engl&4#hd ,i ?9k ,i c expla9 "s ( ^! anomalies4 ,tea is an acquir$ ta/e3 by :i* ,i mean1 n only t ! adult :o _h nev] ta/$ ,tea w\ld n l x :5 fir/ (f]$ to him1 b also t1 ) ^? :o consume x regul>ly1 any ,tea t diff]s 9 flav\r f :at is habitually drunk is n reli%$4 ,x matt]s n :e!r x is intr9sically bett] or worse1 en\gh t ! flav\r is diff]5t1 = t reason x is n lik$4 ,indian ,tea diff]s widely f ,*9ese ,tea1 & = t reason is r>ely appreciat$ by ^? accu/om$ to ! latt]4 ,= a long "t x appe>$ z if ?is difficulty w\ld be a b> to ! g5]al introduction ( ,indian ,teas 9 ,engl&1 & s inde$ x w\ld h prov$1 _h ! %ort-sight$ policy adopt$ at ! comm5cem5t by "o or two ,indian ,companies t _! ,teas %\ld be sold retail & pure1 t is1 unmix$ ) ,*9ese1 be5 foll[$ out4 ,x did n avail to tell ,john ,bull x 0 bett] ,tea1 t x 0 f> /rong]1 t x 0 9 no way adult]at$2 = he simply %ook 8 head1 ! flav\r 0 diff]5t to :at use _h made him famili> )1 & he w\ld none ( x4 ,b little by little1 9 spite ( ! above1 x made its way4 ,groc]s soon f\nd t ! wor/1 id e/1 ! weake/ class ( ,*9ese ,teas receiv$ body & 7 made saleable by an addition ( ,indian ,tea4 ,x 0 n long aft] ?is t ! trade discov]$ t pretty well all ,*9ese ,teas 7 improv$1 if proportions ( ,indian ,teas 7 mix$ ) !m4 ,9 %ort1 ! fact 0 recognis$ by ,tea v5dors t ,*9ese ,teas 7 weak1 & mu* improv$ if mix$ ) ,indian4 ,! public 7 ?us educat$ to reli% ! sup]ior flav\r ( ,indian ,tea1 & did s1 :5 ! quantity mix$ ) ! ,*9ese 0 n s great z to make ! new flav\r too prononc4 ,little by little ! cu/om ( s mix+ became v g5]al1 s mu* s t x may almo/ be said to-day t if ,indian ,teas _c be pur*as$ pure1 no m c ,*9ese4 ,a mixture ( ,*9ese & ,indian ,tea1 ! latt] small z comp>$ ) ! =m]1 is :at is n[ g5]ally us$ 9 ,great ,brita94 ,?is is ! case to-day4 ,:at w x be 9 ! future8 ,z ! ,engli% palate is educat$ to l ! flav\r ( ,indian ,tea1 m & m ( x w be dem&$ 9 ! mixture made up = ! public1 & ?\gh ! day is di/ant1 nay1 may nev] arrive1 on acc\nt ( its great] co/1 :5 x w be g5]ally drunk pure1 ,i d n myself d\bt t ! dem& = x w g on /eadily increas+ = ye>s to come1 z x has = ye>s pa/4#he ,x is an important qu]y if1 ) a l>gely increas$ dem&1 ! supply w be equal to x4 ,v f> f all ,india has a good ,tea climate1 :i* is a peculi> "o1 & only exi/s 9 p]fection 9 ,assam1 ,ca*>1 ,*ittagong1 & l&s 9 ,b5gal close to ! foot ( ! ,himalayas4 ,b 9 ^! di/ricts alone !re are l&s suffici5t to supply ne>ly ! :ole _w ) ,tea1 s t x is n ! l&s :i* are want+1 ?\gh ! ,gov]nm5t prices = ! l&s are prohibitory & w *eck cultivation4 ,b 9 ,assam1 ,ca*>1 & ! ,t]ai bel[ ! ,himalayas lab\r is v sc>ce1 :ile 9 ,*ittagong ! area fit = ,tea is n l>ge1 s t ,i d n anticipate any v sudd5 increase ( ! cultivation1 ?\gh ye> by ye> x is on ! increase & w s cont9ue4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i d n--= ! reasons /at$1 viz41 t ,tea is an acquir$ ta/e & ?us a new k9d is n at fir/ palatable--anticipate any v sudd5 increase 9 ! dem&4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ,i am wrong1 & f a l>gely increas$ dem& ! prices ( ,indian ,teas rise1 ,i d n d\bt t ! cultivation w be greatly ext5d$1 & t aft] an int]val ( f\r ye>s 7x takes t "t = ! ,tea plant to produce7 ! supply w be equal to ! !n wants ( ! ,engli% m>ket4 ,! future ( ,indian ,tea is1 ,i ?9k1 a bright "o1 & ,i "k no?+ 9 :i* capital c be m pr(itably inve/$ if ! bus9ess is conduct$ ) k & exp]i5ce1 b to emb>k 9 x )\t ^! two requisites is ru94 ,a few figures may be giv5 "h4 ,! imports into ,great ,brita9 ( ,indian ,teas h be5 ye>ly increas+1 till 9 #ahgc !y am\nt$ to #ah1cfg1jjj lbs41 &1 judg+ f ! e/imate out "h ( ! produce ?is ye>1 viz41 #ahgd1 ! imports into ,great ,brita9 9 #ahgd w n be f> %ort ( #bj1jjj1jjj lbs4#hf ,b z ! annual consumption ( ,tea 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom is n less ?an #acj1jjj1jjj lbs41 ,india is /ill v f> f supply+ en\gh to give a mixture ( ?ree-f\r?s ,*9ese & "o-f\r? ,india ,tea4#hg ,! f9e/ ,*9ese ,tea sells 9 ,london 9 bond at #bs4 #d;d4 to #bs4 #f;d41 :ile ! f9e/ ,indian 9 bond fet*es #cs4 to #cs4 #f;d4#hh ,:at1 !n1 w be ! future ( ,indian ,tea8 ,x is an important qu]y4 ,! indu/ry is "o :i*1 if successful1 might atta9 to wide limits1 & help n a little to relieve ! ,indian ,/ate ,ex*equ]1 :ile x w\ld af=d occupation to _m a class ( ,engli%m5 :o at pres5t look ab\t 9 va9 = employm5t4 ,tea speculation has pass$ ?r\gh ! fir/ two prelim9>y phases to :i* mo/ new v5tures are liable4 ,fir/1 we _h ! wild ru%1 ! mad fev]1 :5 e man ?\ght t to own a few ,tea bu%es 0 to realise weal?4 ,9 ^? days exi/+ plantations 7 b\ght at eight & t5 times _! value2 nom9al areas ( #ejj acres 7 paid = :i*1 on subsequ5t measurem5t1 prov$ to be "u #ajj2 new g>d5s 7 comm5c$ on impossible sites1 & by m5 z manag]s :o n only did n "k a ,tea plant f a cabbage1 b :o 7 equally ignorant ( ! commone/ rules ( agriculture4 ,bo>ds highly paid1 ) secret>ies /ill m lib]ally remun]at$1 7 =m$ bo? 9 ,calcutta & ,london to c>ry on ! ent]prise2 &1 9 %ort1 money 0 lavi%$ 9 e conceivable way1 :ile mismanagem5t ran rampant 9 ea* dep>tm5t4 ,x is n /range t ! :ole ?+ collaps$3 ! wond] is x did n d s e>li]4 ,! second /age 0 !n ent]$ ^u4 ,numb]s _h be5 bitt51 & ! idea1 once =m$1 grew apace1 t ,tea c\ld n pay at all4 ,ev]yone want$ to sell1 & d[n w5t all ,tea %>es to a figure :i* only increas$ ! g5]al panic4 ,_m companies1 & n a few individuals1 unable to c>ry on1 _h to w9d up & sell _! e/ates = :atev] !y w\ld fet*4 ,g>d5s t _h co/ lakhs 7 sold = z _m hundr$s1 & ! v ^w 8,tea0 /ank 9 ! no/rils ( ! comm]cial public4 ,a few ( ! be/ companies held on1 z also su* individuals emb>k$ 9 ! speculation z c\ld wea!r ! /orm2 b "s ( ! companies 7 b[$ d[n ) heavy debts1 & x has be5 ) _m1 f t cause1 a los+ race ev] s9ce4 ,?is great sma% occurr$ 9 #ahfg4 ,i purpose1 !re=e1 to exam9e into ! future prospects ( ! indu/ry1 n[ t "t has be5 giv5 to te/ its vitality4 ,naturally ! mi/akes made at ! fir/ h n be5 repeat$ s9ce1 s ! speculation has _h m or less ( a fair *ance to %[ :at x c d4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! %>e li/ ( ,tea companies 9 ! public pr9ts does n at all repres5t ! true position ( ,tea prop]ty to-day4 ,x only gives ! divid5ds decl>$ & ! value ( ! %>es 9 ^? few limit$ liability companies :i* 7 able to wea!r ! /orm1 b :o1 9 common ) all ! o!rs1 7 b[$ d[n ) debt1 & are suff]+ up to ! pres5t "t1 bo? f t & ! numb]less mi/akes made at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ent]prise4 ,!re are a few notable exceptions1 ev5 among ! ,tea companies4 ,"s ( ^! h done v well1 pay l>ge divid5ds1 & are quot$ at a high premium1 :i* %[s t ,tea c & w pay ev5 ) ! disadvantages atta*$ to limit$ liability companies4 ,i mean t 9 ^! latt] "w is always exp5sively done1 & t mu* ( ! pr(its are swall[$ up by secret>ies1 directors1 c41 besides :i*1 g5]ally f int]e/$ motives1 ! ,teas are s5t home = sale :i* private plant]s "k f exp]i5ce is n ! be/ plan4 ,b to return to ! %>e li/4 ,! v _m g>d5s held by firms or private individuals are abs5t1 & inasmu* z _m ( ^! 7 begun m lately1 & consequ5tly1 ! blund]s made 9 o!r g>d5s 7 avoid$1 x is evid5t t _! position1 if x c\ld be asc]ta9$1 w\ld give ! true picture ne$$4 ,!re is "o class ( plantations :i* x w\ld be by no means fair to include4 ,i mean ^? g>d5s b\ght = a m]e song dur+ ! panic4 ,on _m ( ^! necess>ily enorm\s pr(its h be5 made1 b x proves no?+1 inasmu* z ! pr(its1 to be legitimate pr(its = criticism1 %\ld on ! debit side include ! :ole co/ incurr$ 9 mak+ ! plantation4 ,to =m a fair appreciation ( ! pr(its ,tea plant+ c give1 we mu/ select g>d5s con/ruct$ aft] k on ! subject 0 atta9$1 :]e good managem5t1 comb9$ ) economy 9 all details1 has be5 c>ri$ out1 & :]e ! necess>y natural conditions = success exi/--& su* are r>e4 ,b fir/ let me expla9 :at ,i mean by ! 8necess>y natural conditions = success40 ,manageable areas2 flat or ne>ly flat l& = ! g>d52 a good class ( indig5\s & hybrid plants2 local lab\r1 or anyh[ a good proportion ( ?is2 facilities = manur+2 a good soil2 a good ,tea climate2 & *eap means ( transport con/itute ^!1 & :]e !y exi/ ,i hold ,tea mu/1 & does1 pay well4 ,i don't believe 9 plantations ( #fjj or #hjj acres2 "s ( ^! pay1 b !y w\ld pay mu* bett] if r$uc$ 9 size4 ,a g>d5 ( #cjj acres1 yield+ ev5 at ! rate ( f\r maunds an acre1 w pay mu* bett] ?an ano!r ( #ejj acres1 yield+ b two & a-half or ?ree maunds4 ,! reason is obvi\s1 ! l>g] produce is aga9/ a small] exp5diture4 ,7 ,i to comm5ce a ,tea plantation to-day1 x %\ld n exce$ #cjj or #djj acres 9 size4 ,?is passion = l>ge areas is ! rock on :i*1 m ?an any o!r1 ,tea ,companies h wreck$ !mselves2 exp]i5ce has already %[n ?is1 & w %[ x m1 z "t goes on4 ,flat l& = ,tea g>d5s is a great desid]atum4 ,/eep l&s are difficult to cultivate2 ! soil is cont9ually wa%+ away f ! roots ( ! plants2 x is impossible to manure !m successfully1 & ! consequ5ce ( all ?is is t ! ,tea bu%es d n ?rive4 ,! ,*9ese plant gives a small & inf]ior produce1 ! indig5\s & hybrid k9d a l>g] & v sup]ior "o2 ?us ,i ?9k ! latt] "o ( ! 8necess>y conditions = success40 ,on ! o!r po9ts1 ) ! exception ( manur+1 no?+ ne$ be said1 inasmu* z _! necessity is evid5t2 b on ! po9t ( manure ,i mu/ say a few words4 ,! ,tea plant is be+ cont9ually d5ud$ ( its leaves2 no?+ is return$ to ! soil2 & consequ5tly 9 process ( "t t soil is exhau/$4 ,x 0 held once t manure de/roy$ ! flav\r ( ,tea4 ,?is idea1 at v>iance ) all agricultural exp]i5ce1 is n[ completely explod$1 l _m o!rs receiv$ f ! ,*9am5 :o fir/ came f ! ,fl[]y ,l& to tea* ! art ( ,tea cultivation & ,tea manufacture to ! ,indian public4 ,_m ( !m _h nev] p]haps se5 a ,tea bu%1 anyh[ 9 _m respects !irs 0 faulty tea*+1 & all exp]i5c$ plant]s are conv9c$1 & x is tru?1 t m k on ,tea exi/s 9 ,india ?an ,*9a at ! pres5t "t4 ,b to return to ! subject ( manure4 ,x is1 & is n[ g5]ally all[$ to be1 a necessity to ! l5g!n$ & successful ma9t5ance ( a plantation4 ,means = its production are n[ l>gely adopt$ 9 ,assam & ,ca*>1 & ! results w be a yield p] acre ! mo/ sangu9e h nev] dreamt (4 ,*ittagong1 on ?is head1 has great advantages2 manure 9 any quantity c !re be procur$ = a trifle1 & ! results h %[n its great value4 ,we h sc>cely yet ent]$ on ! ?ird /age to :i* any new speculation1 aft] ! two fir/ 7! wild v5ture1 & ! unreason+ panic h pass$71 t5ds2 b z k ( ! f9ancial results ( ,tea plantations 9 ! h&s ( private firms & private individuals increases1 t ?ird /age w dawn1 if x has n done s already4 ,x consi/s 9 a sob] appreciation ( ! subject oppos$ to bo? ! extremely exult+ & depress+ views pass$ ?r\gh1 & :5 x arrives1 ! great & successful future ( ,indian ,tea w be only a "q ( "t4 ,,footnotes3 #hd ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,! above ?ree /atem5ts1 q true :5 writt51 are n s n[4 ,! heavy fall 9 ! value ( bo? ,indian & ,*9ese ,teas 9 #ahgg1 :ile press+ h>d on ! ,indian produc]1 has c]ta9ly _h ! "o good effect = him ( mak+ ,indian ,teas m widely kn[n4 ,!y are g5]ally kn[n n[1 9 _m cases sold pure z ,indian ,tea1 & us$ by all retail deal]s to give ! body1 or /r5g? lack+ 9 mo/ ,*9ese k9ds4 #he ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,yes2 ! dem& has l>gely increas$1 b1 alas6 production has increas$ 9 a great] ratio4 ,9 %ort1 ! supply exce$s ! dem&1 & h5ce ! l[ prices n[ rul+4 ,z reg>ds ! use ( ,indian ,teas1 s mu* h ! ,engli% public be5 n[ made famili> ) _! flav\r1 !y1 z a rule1 reject any ,teas :i* h x n m or less4 ,9 fact1 ! ,engli% public1 z ,i pr$ict$ ye>s ago1 h n[ begun to l ! new flav\r1 & ev5 pure ,indian ,teas are n[ reli%$ by _m4 #hf ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,! imports h be5 z foll[s dur+ ! la/ ?ree ye>s3-- #ahge #be1fae1jjj4 #ahgf #bi1chd1jjj4 #ahgg #ca1hhb1jjj4 #hg ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,! annual consumption ( all ,teas 9 ,great ,brita9 9 #ahgg 03-- ,*9ese #aeh1jjj1jjj ,india #bh1jjj1jjj ----------- ,total #ahf1jjj1jjj #hh ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,9 #ahgf ! av]age prices ( ! two k9ds 9 bond 73--,*9ese1 #as4 #b;d42 ,indian1 #as4 #aj;d4 p] lb4 ,,additions ,,to ,,! ,,f\r? ,,edition4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxii4 ,,c\ntries ,,outside ,,*9a ,,& ,,india ,,t ,,produce ,,tea4 ,s mu* has ! indu/ry m>*$ s9ce ! ,?ird ,edition 0 publi%$ 9 #ahgh t ,i ?9k x well to add ! foll[+ pages to my book4 ,i w fir/ consid] ! c\ntries outside ,india & ,*9a :i* produce ,tea1 or wi% to d s4 ,,ceylon4 ,?is is likely to prove a =midable competitor4 ,z f> z ,i c ga!r1 ,tea plants 7( bo? ! ,assam & ,*9a k9ds7 7 introduc$ into ,ceylon 9 #ahda1 b x is only dur+ ! la/ few ye>s ,tea plant+ has be5 tak5 up 9 e>ne/4 ,a ,mr4 ,%&1 :o seems to h /udi$ ,tea 9 ,ceylon1 e/imates #ejj lbs4 p] acre z ! produce :5 9 full be>+4 ,?is is #f-a_/d maunds1 & ?\gh less ?an ! be/ ,indian g>d5s give1 x is consid]ably above ! av]age all ov] ,india4 ,ceylon ,tea f9ds a ready m>ket 9 ,london4 ,! p>cels v>y mu*1 z !y d f ,india1 b 9 ! pa/ ye> 7#ahhb7 _m v desirable lots 7 s5t home4 ,i believe1 take x all 9 all1 ,ceylon ,tea is no bett]1 & no worse1 ?an ,indian ,tea4 ,) ,tea prices z !y are to-day1 ,i w\ld n myself comm5ce ,tea cultivation 9 ,india1 ,ceylon1 or any:]e4 ,i feel sure1 !re=e1 if ,ceylon plant]s ru% into ,tea1 z !y did 9 ,india 9 times pa/1 !y w regret x4 ,b ,i he> t made ,tea g>d5s c be b\ght !re *eap1 & "u ^! circum/ances ,tea w probably pay ! pur*as]s well4 ,,johore4 ,h4,h4 ! ,mah>ajah !re has />t$ a small ,tea g>d51 b z !re are 9 x only two acres ( ,tea1 ! :ole ?+ is q an exp]im5t yet4 ,! climate is said to be fav\rable1 & l& easily acquir$4 ,*eap lab\r is ! difficulty4 ,may x long cont9ue s6 ,!re is too mu* ,tea already2 ! l[ prices rul+ result simply f supply exce$+ dem&4 ,?us ,i hope ,johore w n produce ,tea4 ,! foll[+ is f ! ,tea ,gazette3-- ,,tea ,,9 ,,johore4 ,we h lately publi%$ sev]al articles on ! subject ( ,tea 9 ,johore & ! prospects ( ,tea plantations 9 ! ,malay ,p59sula4 ,! soil & climate are all t c be desir$ = ! successful cultivation ( ! ,tea plant2 !re is abundance ( l& ly+ idle :i* c be obta9$ on advantage\s t]ms2 b all hopes ( e/abli%+ ! ,tea indu/ry on a prosp]\s foot+ are fru/rat$ by ! want ( *eap ,indian lab\r4 ,a correspond5t writes on ?is subject to ! ,ceylon ,obs]v] z foll[s3-- 8,i 0 pretty well disgu/$ ) ,johore at fir/4 ,i got su* fev] z ne>ly f9i%$ me up twice4 ,a new com] f ,ceylon says he _h ,wellawaya fev] & all o!r fev]s 9 ,ceylon1 b he nev] felt any?+ to come ne> ! sev]ity ( ,johore fev]4 ,lib]ian c(fee does fir/-class 9 ! l[ c\ntry4 ,cocoa is be+ tri$ ) app>5t success4 ,tea is also promis+4 ,y may h se5 ab\t "s samples sold 9 ,london1 at a high figure4 ,all ?is is nice en\gh1 b :at's ! good ( x :5 we h n a pl5tiful supply ( lab\r ov] :i* we c h complete control8 ,s y see1 ! burd5 ( my lett] is an indef9ite supply ( lab\r40 ,/r5u\s ef=ts are1 h[ev]1 be+ made to arrange ) ! ,gov]nm5t = ! importation ( lab\r]s f ?is c\ntry1 :i*1 if successful1 w inevitably result 9 ! cultivation on a l>ge scale ( ! ,tea plant 9 ,johore4 ,9 ano!r column w be f\nd a description ( ! ,mah>ajah ( ,johore's exp]im5tal ,tea plantation at ,tanjong ,putri1 ,johore4 ,,japan4 ,s5ds its ,teas pr9cipally to ,am]ica4 ,! ,tea is ( a gre5i% nature1 & exp]im5ts to manufacture black ,tea h n1 x seems1 be5 successful4 ,! foll[+ %\ld give a hope to ,indian ,tea plant]s3-- ,,japan ,,tea4 ,to ! ,editor ( ! ,japan ,h]ald4 ,de> ,sir1--,i read y\r article on ,tea conta9$ 9 la/ ,saturday's pap]1 an5t ! det]ioration 9 quality ( "o ( ! c\ntry's pr9cipal articles ( export1 & c fully confirm ! *ief po9ts conta9$ !re94 ,b 9 addition1 f my p]sonal exp]i5ce1 !re appe>s to exi/ a /eadily increas+ disreg>d ( c>e 9 ! prep>ation ( ! leaf up c\ntry1 & ! evil1 ?\gh exi/+ = ! la/ ?ree or f\r ye>s1 is mu* m manife/ ?is season1 & is wor?y ( be+ br\ght "u ! especial notice ( p>ties int]e/$ 9 ! welf>e ( ?is c\ntry's produce4 ,i submit = y\r inspection a sample ( co>se leaf sift$ out ( a p>cel ( good quality1 & ! proportion ( simil> /uff 9 ! *op am\nts to fully #c p] c5t41 v mu* affect+ ! good appe>ance ( ! fir$ leaf4 ,?is defect no d\bt arises f ! attempt$ production ( too great an am\nt ( cur$ leaf = ea* h& employ$ p] diem 9 ! process1 to be attribut$ no d\bt to ! enhanc$ co/ ( lab\r 9 ! int]ior4 ,b ! defect is ( vital importance = ! future ( ,japan ,teas 9 ,am]ica4 ,! buy] = di/ribution among/ consum]s 9 t c\ntry is greatly influ5c$ by ! 8appe>ance0 ( ! leaf1 despite its relative intr9sic quality 9 infusion1 9 comp>ison ) a ,tea ( worse appe>ance1 h5ce ! high fac+ & col\r+ at pres5t s mu* 9 vogue4 ,if ! ,japanese produc]s cont9ue ! pres5t /yle ( manufactur+ ! leaf up c\ntry1 s surely w ,japan ,teas decl9e 9 fav\r 9 ,am]ica1 z ! =eign %ipp] "h _c make up ! leaf prep>$ up c\ntry to ! /&>d requir$ by ! ,am]ican buy]s1 & ) ! prospect ( a possibility ( ,oolongs & ev5 blacks becom+ ere long dang]\s rivals ) consum]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 x behoves ! ,japanese ,tea gr[]s to turn _! att5tion t[>ds an improvem5t 9 production 9 _! own c\ntry be=e !y attempt to rival =eign competitors at ?is side4--,y\rs fai?fully1 ,,yamato4 ,yokohama1 ,aug4 #ai1 #ahha4 ,we h inspect$ ! sample ( co>se leaf ref]r$ to 9 ! above lett]1 & ?\gh we _c pret5d to any critical k ( ,tea1 we c confirm ! /atem5ts ( our correspond5t1 & hold ! specim5 at our (fice1 :]e x c be se5 by anyone desir\s ( do+ s4--,editor1 ,japan ,h]ald4 ,i "k n :]e ?is next extract came f1 b x appe>s !y und]/& adult]ation 9 ,japan3-- ,mr4 ,yanagiya might1 h[ev]1 h gone a /ep f>!r1 & h giv5 p>ticul>s ( ! v>i\s analyses1 & h m5tion$ t ! 8leaf0 ( ! v>i\s samples %[$ a l>ge proportion ( leaves q diff]5t to ^? ( ! ,tea %rub1 & = ! pres5ce ( :i* n ev5 ! a/ute =eign]--t bugbe> ( ,japanese comm]ce--c be held acc\ntable4 ,we h he>d ?is season l\d compla9ts ( ! pres5ce ( leaves entirely di/9ct f ^? ( ! ,tea plant among/ pur*ases4 ,^! consi/$ pr9cipally ( wi/]ia1 will[ & a species ( a%1 b ! native gr[]s 7 imp>tial1 & sev]al o!r species ( %rubs also contribut$ _! quota to ! frauds practis$ by ! ,japanese4 ,! probable reason ( ! fall+ (f 9 ! quantity ( "o ( ! lead+ articles ( export f ,japan is n difficult to guess at1 nor c ! ,japanese say t !y h n receiv$ full & timely w>n+ ( ! dang] ?reat5+ ! popul>ity ( ,japan ,tea4 ,a reckless ov]-production1 excessive & close pick+ ( ! %rubs1 & great c>elessness 9 prun+ & manur+ ! tree--caus$1 no d\bt1 9 no small degree by ! high rate ( wages 9 ! int]ior--is militat+ aga9/ ! realisation ( a good crop1 & ! peasant is too int5t ^u imm$iate pr(its to =ego ! pick+ ( ! ?ird crop ( a season "u exi/+ circum/ances4 ,! result ( all ?is has be5 t--at ! close ( la/ season--a quantity ( wor?less leaf 0 p\r$ ^u ! m>ket1 f9ally sold at almo/ nom9al figures1 & %ipp$ across to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :]e x rema9s an incubus on ! figures ( /ock1 & a s\rce ( future abhorr5ce to any un=tunate pur*as] t[>ds any?+ be>+ ! "n ( ,japan ,tea4 ,! foll[+ is f ! report ( ! ,japanese ,consul at ,san ,francisco4 ,i %\ld h ?\ght ! ,am]icans 7 too s5sible 8to pref] col\r$ ,teas30 ,x has h[ev] come to my k t 9 ! ,ea/]n ,/ates ! ,tea 0 analyz$1 & adult]ation 0 discov]$2 su* z ! admixture ( o!r leaves & poison\s +r$i5ts :i* are us$ = col\r+ ! ,tea be=e x is export$1 & t ! m>kets 9 ! ,ea/]n ,/ates be+ ov]/ock$1 no ,tea1 unless ( ! be/ quality1 c f9d pur*as]s4 ,?is is a v deplorable /ate ( affairs4 ,! col\r+ is made by ! =eign m]*ants resid+ 9 ,japan1 = ,am]icans pref] col\r$ ,tea1 & a few ,japanese m]*ants may h imitat$ !m1 & export$ on _! own acc\nt4 ,! exports ( ,japan ,tea to ,am]ica h decl9$ f sev5te5 to f\rte5 million 9 "o ye>6 ,n /range if all ! above is true4 ,! foll[+ f ! ,tea ,gazette be>s out :at ,i say above z to ,japan black ,tea3-- ,,japan ,,black ,,tea4 ,mr4 ,consul ,euslie writes f ,kanagawa 7,japan7 z foll[s conc]n+ black ,tea3--,?is has1 on ! :ole1 prov$ a failure1 al?\gh ! production cont9ues on a limit$ scale4 ,! climate & soil ( ?is c\ntry appe> unfitt$ to ! gr[? ( plants produc+ a leaf ( ! quality necess>y to make good black4 ,teas resembl+ good leaf cong\s c be made ) good & ev5 h&some leaf1 sev]al samples be+ 9 appe>ance v simil> to ,indian ,teas ( pekoe class1 b lack+ /r5g?1 & n be+ ne>ly equal to good ,*9ese ,foo*[ ,teas 9 t respect4 ,a small am\nt ( ^! ,teas has be5 %ipp$ to ,g]many on native acc\nt1 a ,g]man f9anci] provid+ ! necess>y funds2 b ?us f> ! outcome ( ^! %ipm5ts has n transpir$4 ,! results g5]ally ( #ahha h n prov$ z satisfactory z ^? ( ! prec$+ ye>2 ! :ole crop1 & m p>ticul>ly ! fir/ pick+1 %[s signs ( ha/y & c>eless prep>ation4 ,! am\nt ( ,tea export$ f ,japan 0 decid$ly 9 excess ( ! requirem5ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 & a consid]able portion ( ! %ipm5ts = ! ye> _h to be sacrific$ at prices :i* did n cov] lay+ d[n co/4 ,all ?is is hopeful = our ,indian ,teas1 z we c manufacture ! gre5i% ,tea !y l--t is1 we c d x if !y won't take our black1 b !y h begun to d s4 ,! above mode ( manufacture 9 ,japan is new to u 9 ,india4 ,! process ( /eam+ ! ,tea is z foll[s3--,z soon z pick$ x is at once /eam$1 all damp or wet leaves be+ ?r[n on "o side1 except+ ^? t may be a little wet ) dew4 ,9 ord] to obta9 ! prop] application ( heat1 a few leaves are put into a %all[ basket1 spread out ev5ly1 & ! lid put on2 ! basket is !n plac$ ov] a *>coal fire box or /ove1 a p]fume is at once p]ceiv$4 ,:5 ! gre5y smell has subsid$1 ! leaves are remov$1 spread on a piece ( new matt+1 & fann$ briskly s z to draw out ! heat4 ,aft] ! lapse ( "s little "t ! ,tea is plac$ 9 a tray1 & !n und]goes a fir+ process1 ! l5g? ( :i* is regulat$ ei!r by ! m9ute h& ( a wat* or ! beats ( a pulse1 & dep5ds a good deal on ! manipulator's own ideas4 ,,java4#hi ,mu* ( ?is ,tea goes to ,holl& & ,nor!rn ,g]many4 ,i "k ,tea cultivation 9 ,java is c>ri$ out v c>efully & v successfully1 b ?is "o fact is all ,i "k z to ,java or its ,teas4 ,,am]ica4 ,t ! prop] climate = ,tea c be f\nd !re 7a huge ,cont95t to *oose f67 goes )\t say+4 ,b equally sure is x t ,tea w n pay except lab\r is *eap4 ,by ! extract bel[1 x appe>s ,georgia has be5 select$ = exp]im5tal ,tea cultivation1 & ,i d\bt n x is a good selection3-- ,,tea ,,plant+ ,,9 ,,am]ica4 ,successful exp]im5ts h be5 made 9 ?is bran* ( cultivation 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z is %[n by a report j publi%$ by ,mr4 ,jackson1 a ,scot* g5tleman n[ settl$ 9 ,am]ica1 :o 0 at "o "t manag] ( ! e/ates ( ! ,scotti% ,assam ,company4 ,! ,commission] ( ,agriculture has1 at ,mr4 ,jackson's advice1 select$ a tract ( l& 9 ,georgia = an exp]im5tal f>m1 on :i* ! rais+ ( ,tea on an ext5d$ scale w be c>efully & ?or\ghly tri$4 ,samples ( ! ,teas already produc$ by ,mr4 ,jackson h be5 s5t to ,messrs4 ,?ompson1 tea m]*ants1 ,m9c+ ,lane1 ,london1 to be exam9$4 ,! reply 0 t--8,!y repres5t$ ,teas ( a high type4 ,! flav\r1 ?\gh n /rong1 is rem>kably fragrant4 ,9 appe>ance !y resemble ,indian ,tea1 b ! flav\r is m l t ( ! f9e/ ,*9ese black ,tea1 or ( ! hill ,teas ( ,india40 ,no reason :y ! ,teas %\ld n be good1 b ! lab\r difficulty w1 ,i ?9k1 prev5t ,tea pay+ !re1 z else:]e 9 ,am]ica1 = ,mr4 ,jackson himself1 :o cont9ues ! above1 asks fur!r on1 8,c we af=d to pay our lab\r]s f\r times z mu* z !y pay 9 ,india & /ill make ,tea a success80 ,he1 /range to say1 tries to prove 8yes40 ,i say no1 a ?\s& times no1 9 spite ( all ,mr4 ,jackson says4 ,i l1 h[ev]1 to give bo? sides ( a "q1 & s w let ,mr4 ,jackson speak = himself3-- ,! /ock cry cont9ually rais$ aga9/ ,tea culture 9 ?is c\ntry is1 h[ c y raise ,tea 9 a c\ntry :]e wages are s high8 ,y c cultivate ,tea at a pr(it only 9 a c\ntry :]e lab\r is at ! l[e/ possible m9imum1 & s on4 ,& s x is tak5 = grant$ t ! ,tea culture is to be all[$ to reta9 its antiquat$ =ms & sy/ems = all "t1 & t ! skill & intellig5ce ( a civiliz$ nation c d no?+ to raise x to a level ) correspond+ bran*es ( agriculture1 su*1 = in/ance1 z rice gr[+4 ,:at w\ld ! p ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a say if told t ! only way to cultivate rice at a pr(it 0 to s[ all _! se$ 9 nurs]y b$s &1 :5 spr\t$1 to transplant _! entire crop1 se$ by se$1 by h&1 z is done 9 ,india8 ,:at w\ld a ,m9nesota f>m] say if told t ! only implem5t ) :i* he c\ld pr(itably re> a crop ( corn 0 ! hoe1 wield$ by an att5uat$ skeleton ( a man8 ,if ! hundr$s ( weal?y ,tea plant]s 9 ,assam 7 told t !y mu/ return to ! orig9al sy/em ( manufactur+ _! ,teas by h&1 !y w\ld ?r[ up _! f>ms 9 despair4 ,sev5ty million p\nds ( ,tea are n[ annually manufactur$ by ma*9]y 9 ,india & ,java1 & ,i h satisfi$ myself t gre5 ,teas1 suitable = ! ,am]ican m>ket1 c be manufactur$ at "o-?ird ! co/ ( ! black ,teas prep>$ by ma*9]y = ! ,engli% m>ket4 ,!re is b "o division ( ,tea culture into :i* ! lab\r "q w\ld ent] at all1 & t is ! pick+ ( ! leaves4 ,ev]y?+ else c be c>ri$ on ) ! me*anical precision ( ! cultivator1 reap]1 & fl\tr+ mill4 ,is n ! real tru? ( ! matt] to be f\nd 9 ! fact t ! ,am]ican p "k no?+--absolutely no?+--( ! mod]n sy/em ( ,tea culture & manufacture1 & are !re=e 9 no position to =m a s\nd judgm5t ( ! possibilities ( _! c\ntry & c\ntrym5 9 reg>d to ,tea8 ,i say aga91 z ,i h (t5 said be=e1 t ! "q ( lab\r w prove no b>ri] to successful ,tea culture 9 ,am]ica4 ,let any :o are int]e/$ en\gh 9 ?is subject to feel sceptical ab\t x fav\r me ) a call at ,no4 #bbi ,ea/ ,f\r? ,/reet & ,i w take pleasure 9 %[+ !m :at a*ievem5ts mod]n skill & me*anical g5ius h already atta9$ & :at may v easily be accompli%$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,i believe t !n !re is a bright future 9 /ore = successful ,tea culture4 ,9 ano!r place ,mr4 ,jackson says he has always cultivat$ ) pl\ghs1 & done x successfully4 ,naturally ?is w\ld make 8 cultivation mu* *eap]1 & x is high "t1 z ,i say else:]e1 t we 9 ,india %\ld try & d ! same ?+4 ,we1 all ! _w kn[s1 h[ +5i\s1 h[ inv5tive ! ,am]icans are1 & ?us x is possible !y may by ! use ( ma*9]y = all bran*es ( manufacture1 by improv$ /eam-pl\ghs & o!r agricultural in/rum5ts :i* %all disp5se ) h& lab\r = cultivation1 s *eap5 ! co/ ( ,tea t its production w pay 9 spite ( ! high rate ( wages rul+4 ,only 9 ?is way1 h[ev]1 c ! indu/ry succe$ 9 ,am]ica1 & if x be done 7,i hope x may1 = we 9 ,india %all !n b5efit by ! ideas c>ri$ out71 ! ,unit$ ,/ates w add "o m laurel to ! _m !y h a*iev$ already 9 o!r bran*es ( comm]ce4 ,,natal4 ,tea "h too6 ,:]e1 alas6 is x n8 ,! foll[+ is 9 a report f ,natal3-- ,we h glanc$ at ! pa/ & se5 ! pres5t condition ( ! ,tea ent]prise4 ,! mo/ important matt] is /ill be=e u--! future ( ,tea 9 ,natal4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t an indu/ry may be pr(itable to enc\rage = local consumption1 & yet fail :5 x comes to be export$4 ,?is production 7,tea7 mu/ be look$ at z "o :i*1 if x progresses1 mu/ %ortly be export$4 ,?ree hundr$ acres ( ,tea 9 full be>+ w supply to ! full ! pres5t ne$ ( ! ,colony & its surr\nd+s1 i4e41 tak+ ! import returns z our guide2 & ev5 ) increas+ dem&1 t dem& c soon be met4 ,!re=e ! importance atta*+ to ! "q1 8,c we 9 ,natal gr[ ,tea to pay1 s z to compete ) o!r c\ntries 9 ! m>kets ( ! _w80 ,! ,tea-gr[+ di/ricts ( ,india1 till lately conf9$ to ,assam1 ,ca*>1 & neighb\rhood1 h n[ be5 ext5d$ to ! ,neilgh]ries & ,ceylon1 & ^! places1 till lately conf9+ !mselves to c(fee1 are leav+ t mo/ prec>i\s crop & gr[+ ,tea & c9*ona4 ,bo? ^! di/ricts at pres5t export ,tea to ,engl&4 ,x is said t ,tea is to be introduc$ into ,que5sl& & ! nor!rn t]ritory ( ,au/ralia2 & t ! ,s\!rn ,/ates ( ! ,union & ,cali=nia contemplate ,tea gr[+4 ,are we ju/ifi$1 !n1 9 believ+ t ,tea may be pr(itably export$ f ,natal8 ,be=e consid]+ ?is1 we h to be> 9 m9d t ,tea is plac$ 9 ! ,london m>ket 9 l>ge quantities at a v l[ price2 ,*9a ,teas z l[ z #e-a_/b;d4 p] lb4 9 bond1 & ,indian ,teas z l[ z #h;d4 p] lb4 9 bond2 b aga9 ! price ext5ds to #cs4 & ev5 #ds4 p] lb4 9 bond4 ,all ^! ?+s h to be weigh$ & well consid]$ by anyone be=e emb>k+ 9 ?is ent]prise to any great ext5t4 ,9 all matt]s ( agriculture ! lab\r "q is ! =emo/1 aft] x is kn[n t ! plant w fl\ri%4 ,to attempt to base ! success ( ?is p>ticul> indu/ry ^u any o!r ?an t ( coolie lab\r w\ld be fooli%1 z we all "k t ,kafirs are n to be reli$ ^u2 !re=e ! co/ ( lab\r has to be consid]$4 ,we well "k t all ! ,tea e/ates ( ,india h to be suppli$ ) import$ coolies--! natives ( ! di/ricts conc]n$ w n "w unless casually--b ! co/ ( coolies 9 ,natal mu/ be m ?an ! co/ ( coolies 9 ,assam--!re=e 9 t item ! advantage mu/ be 9 fav\r ( ! ,indian plant]4 ,c\ntries su* z ,que5sl& & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica mu/ ei!r import lab\r1 or pay a mu* high] rate ?an we d2 h5ce s f> z ^! c\ntries are conc]n$1 ,natal w hold its own4 ,i h n done yet4 ,"h is ano!r place :]e x seems !y mean to try ,tea4 ,i d hope t climate1 soil1 lab\r1 some?+ w be f\nd unsuitable4 ,,fiji ,,tea4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,e4 ,mason1 ( ! ,alpha ,tea & ,c(fee ,e/ate1 ,taviuni1 ,fiji1 has =w>d$ to ,mr4 ,j4 ,o4 ,moody1 ! exp]t1 ( ,melb\rne1 samples ( ! fir/ ,fijian ,tea produc$ 9 8 "p ( ! _w2 at ! same "t writ+ t e>ly next ye> he hop$ to pluck (f #cj acres plant$ ) ,tea1 & t ! samples s5t 7 ha/ily made 9 a b>rel ) a fry+-pan ( *>coal4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,o4 ,moody reports3--8,fiji ,pekoe leaf3 ,h&some1 small1 ev51 gold5 tipp$1 ev5ly & well f]m5t$4 ,fiji ,pekoe liquor3 ,v /rong1 full1 ri*1 & pung5t pekoe flav\r1 ?ick1 ) deep r$ infusion4 ,an invaluable ,tea = mix+1 & wor? ab\t #bs4 #f;d4 p] lb4 9 bond4 ,fiji ,pekoe ,s\*ong leaf3 ,well made1 wiry1 twi/$1 ri*1 black tippy leaf1 ev5ly & well f]m5t$ ,fiji ,pekoe ,s\*ong flav\r1 ) good1 bright1 r$ infusion4 ,a f9e ,tea to dr9k alone1 & wor? ab\t #as4 #i;d4 p] lb4 9 bond4 ,^! ,teas h ! "* ( good ,ceylon gr[?s1 & are 9 e respect suitable ,teas = g5]al consumption1 & su* samples are sure to meet ) ready sale 9 ,au/ralasia or ,great ,brita940 ,"h aga91 ,i am told1 ! lab\r "q is ! d\btful po9t4 ,tea _c be made to pay )\t *eap lab\r1 & ! soon] all ^! new ,tea c\ntries le>n ! lesson ! bett] = ! pockets ( ! projectors4 ,i may add1 ! bett] = ! ,indian plant]'s pocket too1 = any increase 9 ! supply is hurtful4 ,9 clos+ ?is *apt]1 ,i w\ld give "o ^w ( advice to int5d+ ,tea plant]s 9 ,india1 or inde$ any:]e4 ,!re is too mu* ,tea already1 :y plant m8 ,if y mu/ 8g into ,tea0 y may d s & probably make money1 b x w n be by plant+ x4 ,if y look ab\t y c buy a plantation ready made = f> less ?an y c\ld make su*1 & 9 do+ s !re is no reason :y x %\ld n pay1 & pay well4 ,if y make a g>d5 y w h five or six ye>s to wait = any return2 y attempt :at requires k & exp]i5ce to succe$ 91 & begg+ y\r success1 :o c say :at ! m>ket w be !n8 ,i h f> f exhau/$ ! subject ( ^! new ,tea fields1 b my space is limit$1 & sev]al o!r po9ts dem& att5tion4 ,,footnote3 #hi ,mu* ab\t ,java & its ,teas c be f\nd 9 a book entitl$ 8,java1 or ,h[ to ,manage a ,colony10 by ,j4 ,w4 ,b4 ,money4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #b vols4 ,hur/ & ,blackett4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiii4 ,,/ati/ics ,,reg>d+ ,,indian ,,tea4 ,z e>ly z #aghj a few ,*9ese plants 7 to be se5 9 ,calcutta cultivat$ by a ,colonel ,kyd4 ,! possibility ( cultivat+ ,tea 9 ,india 0 fir/ moot$ 9 #ahce-cf1 & ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t />t$ an exp]im5tal g>d5 at ,lukimpore 7,assam7 at t "t4 ,indig5\s ,tea 0 fir/ discov]$ 9 ,assam by a ,mr4 ,bruce 9 #ahcj4 ,9 #ahde & foll[+ ye>s ! ,gov]nm5t import$ l>ge quantities ( ,*9a se$ & e/abli%$ nurs]ies on ! ,himalayas4 ,tea plant+ 0 comm5c$ 9 ,india by ! ,assam ,company ab\t #ahdj1 & ! cultivation 0 und]tak5 9 o!r di/ricts 9 ! foll[+ ye>s3--,kumaon & ,gur:al1 #ahej2 ,ca*>1 #ahee2 ,dehra-,dhoon1 #ahee2 ,sylhet1 #aheg2 ,kangra1 #aheh2 ,d>jeel+1 #ahfj2 ,t]ai1 #ahfj2 ,*ittagong1 #ahfj2 ,neilgh]ries1 #ahfb2 ,*ota ,nagpore1 #ahgb2 ,doo>s1 #ahge4 ,?us x may be said ,tea plant+ 9 ,india dates f #ahdj by "o ,company1 b #ahej by individuals4 ,! foll[+ figures %[ ! imports ( ,indian ,teas into ,great ,brita9 s9ce #ahgj 9 millions ( p\nds3-- -------------- ,millions ,ye>( ,p\nds -------------- #gj #ac #ga #ae-a_/d #gb #ag #gc #ah-a_/d #gd #ag-a_/d #ge #be-a_/b #gf #bi-a_/d #gg #ca-c_/d #gh #cf #gi #ch-a_/b #hj #dd #ha #de-c_/d #hb #ed-c_/d -------------- ,i may "h rem>k t :ile ! imports ( ,indian ,teas h1 s9ce #ahgg1 increas$ by #bc million p\nds1 ! imports ( ,*9a ,teas h increas$ by #d million p\nds only 9 ! same "t4 ,! deliv]ies & /ocks 7 z foll[s = #ahha & #ahhb 9 millions ( p\nds3-- #ahha4 #ahhb4 ,deliv]ies #dh-c_/d #ej-a_/b ,/ocks on #ca/ ,decemb] #ah-a_/b #ba-c_/d ,dur+ ! la/ #c mon?s ( #ahhb ! deliv]ies av]ag$ #e million p\nds p] mon?4 ,9 ,janu>y1 #ahhc1 !y 7 #e-a_/b millions1 & 9 ,febru>y 7,i write 9 ,m>*7 #e millions4 ,deliv]ies at ?is rate mean #fj millions a ye>4 ,i e/imate ,indian produce = #ahhc at ab\t #fb millions4 ,d$uct ! probable quantity to be s5t to c\ntries outside ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 #e-a_/b & local consumption 9 ,india ------------------ ,leav+ available = ! home m>ket #ef-a_/b millions4 ,?us1 if deliv]ies cont9ue at ! pres5t rate1 dem& mu/ soon equal1 if n exce$1 supply1 & ! consequ5ce naturally mu/ be enhanc$ prices1 :i*1 h[ev]1 w surely to "s ext5t *eck ! deliv]ies4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a hopeful feature reg>d+ ,indian ,teas4 ,! ta/e = !m is increas+ greatly4 ,a v small p] c5tage ( ! public dr9k !m pure 7a l>ge p] c5tage 9 ,irel&71 b ! public g5]ally are n[ accu/om$ to ! /r5g? atta9$ only by mix+1 say "o ?ird ( ,indian to two ?irds ,*9a1 & w no?+ weak]4 ,?us retail deal]s mu/ cont9ue to use !m1 & ?us ?\gh1 z rem>k$1 increas$ prices w *eck deliv]ies1 !y w n d s ) ,indian ,teas to ! same ext5t !y w\ld ) ,*9a4 ,ano!r hopeful feature is 7= details see fur!r on7 a gr[+ dem& = ,indian ,tea is n[ e/abli%$ 9 ,au/ralia1 & has q lately comm5c$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,?us1 ,i ?9k1 ! increas$ produce f ,india 7:i* 9 no case c be l>ge = "s ye>s#ij7 w probably be met by ?is outside dem&1 leav+ no great] quantity ?an n[ available = ! home m>ket4 ,true ,ceylon 7a new field7 w increase ! supply1 b x w n be by mu* = "s "t4 ,take x all 9 all1 ,i look hopefully at ! prospects ( ,indian ,tea 9 ! future4 ,i nev] anticipate a range ( prices z good ev5 z rul$ 9 #ahha1 b a good deal bett] ?an we _h 9 #ahhb1 & ?us en\gh to make ! indu/ry a pay+ "o4 ,i h lately receiv$ a valuable pap] on ,indian ,tea /ati/ics f ,messrs4 ,g[ & ,wilson1 ,indian ,tea brok]s4 ,i _c transcribe ! diagram !y allude to1 b o!rwise ,i give ! complete pap] z s5t me3-- #ai1 ,little ,t[] ,/reet1 ,m9c+ ,lane1 ,london1 #ae? ,febru>y1 #ahhc4 8,,indian ,,tea ,,/ati/ics40 ,de> ,sir1--,n[ t ! annual figures are made up1 we beg to submit a /atem5t %[+ ! cont9u$ progress made by ,indian ,tea 9 public e/imation1 toge!r ) comp>ative figures relat+ to ! consumption ( ,*9a & ,indian ,teas1--,& rema91 de> ,sir1 y\rs fai?fully1 ,,g[ ,,& ,,wilson1 ,indian ,tea ,brok]s4 ,! v consid]able increase 9 ! home consumption ( ,indian ,tea dur+ ! la/ qu>t] ( #ahhb1 & ,janu>y ?is ye>1 once m attracts att5tion to ! gr[+ importance ( ,india z a field ( production1 & ! increas+ appreciation ( ! ,briti% public = ,indian ,teas1 :e!r us$ alone or mix$ ) ,*9a sorts4 ,not)/&+ ! *eck to consumption 9 ! e>ly "p ( #ahhb1 :5 ,indian m$ium & common ,teas 7 j #ej p] c5t4 de>] ?an !y n[ are1 ! av]age mon?ly deliv]ies ( ! fir/ ?ree mon?s 7 #c1fgj1jjj lbs41 or #bcj1jjj lbs4 a mon? m ?an ! av]age ( ! fir/ qu>t] ( #ahhj1 ) prices mu* ! same at bo? p]iods4 ,quotations la/ ye> rec$$ /ep by /ep1 &1 z prices dropp$1 s we f\nd ! consumption grew1 till = ! la/ qu>t] ( #ahhb1 ) its v l[ range ( prices1 ! av]age mon?ly deliv]ies rea*$ ! unprec$5t$ figures ( ov] #e-a_/d million p\nds4 ,! av]age mon?ly deliv]ies 9 ea* qu>t] ( ! la/ five ye>s h be5 z foll[s3-- 7,9 ?\s&s ( lbs41 #jjj's omitt$47 ,jan-,m>4 ,april-,june4 ,july-,sept4 ,oct-,dec4 #ahgh #c1baf #c1abi #b1hfi #c1jda #ahgi #c1ddd #b1fhh #b1dfa #c1aee #ahhj #c1dda #c1dah #c1ebb #d1bbh #ahha #d1aig #d1agb #c1hbd #d1jid #ahhb #c1fgj #d1abe #d1aaf #e1bed ,dur+ ! ye> #ahgh1 out ( e #ajj lbs4 ( all descriptions ( ,tea consum$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 #bc1 or "o 9 ab\t f\r-&-a-?ird1 0 ,indian ,tea4 ,la/ ye> ! proportion 0 #ca p] c5t41 or ne>ly "o 9 ?ree4 ,^! figures %[1 9 ! cle>e/ mann]1 h[ /eadily ,indian ,tea is becom+ popul>4 ,! unev5ness ( ! qu>t]ly deliv]ies ( ,*9a ,tea 9 ! ye> #ahgh & #ahgi is due to ! appreh5sions felt 9 ^? ye>s t ! duty w\ld be increas$4 ,9 consequ5ce1 cle>ances 7 ha/ily made be=e ! ,budget ann\ncem5t1 & ! deliv]ies imm$iately aft] sank to v l[ figures1 increas+ aga9 z /ocks ( retail]s 7 deplet$4 ,9 ,m>*1 #ahhj1 aga9 !re 0 a pressure to cle> ,teas1 :i* br\ght up ! total deliv]ies ( ! fir/ qu>t] to a high level4 ,a consid]able *eck 0 giv5 to deliv]ies ( ,indian ,teas dur+ ! latt] "p ( #ahha & ! e>ly "p ( #ahhb ?r\gh ! rise ( prices dur+ t p]iod4 ,! mo/ noticeable feature ( ! la/ ?ree cal5d> ye>s is ! /ation>9ess ( deliv]ies ( ,*9a ,teas at ! r$uction f ! level ( bo? #ahgh & #ahgi4 ,approximately ! deliv]ies ( ,*9a & ,indian ,teas 9 ! five ye>s end+ #ca/ ,decemb] 9 ea* case may be giv51 9 millions ( p\nds1 z foll[s3-- #ahgh4 #ahgi4 #ahhj4 #ahha4 #ahhb4 ,*9a #aba #abe #aae #aaa #aac ,indian #cg #ce #dd #di #ea ,! deliv]ies ( ,*9a ,tea h rec$$ f #abe million p\nds 9 #ahgi to #aac million p\nds 9 #ahhb1 :ile ! home consumption ( ,indian ,tea has increas$ f #ce million p\nds to #ea million p\nds 9 ! correspond+ ye>s4 ,not)/&+ ! supply ( ,indian ,tea = ! season #ahhb-c is e/imat$ at ! unprec$5t$ figure ( #ee million p\nds aga9/ ! actual imports 9 ! previ\s two season ye>s ( ab\t #ej million & #df million p\nds respectively1 x appe>s n unlikely ! consumption ( #ahhb-c w once aga91 z 9 #ahhj-ha1 ov]take ! supply & r$uce ! /ocks by ,july next to ! equival5t ( less ?an ?ree mon?s' deliv]ies4 ,we f9d t !re has be5 receiv$ to ! #ca/ ,decemb] la/1 #cc1bah1jjj lbs41 leav+ to arrive #ba1ghb1jjj lbs4 = ! six mon?s end+ #cj? ,june next1 to make up ! e/imat$ supply ( #ee million p\nds :i*1 accord+ to ,indian advices1 w be available = %ipm5t to ?is c\ntry4 ,! imports ( ! curr5t six mon?s1 !re=e1 w be b slightly 9 excess ( ^? ( ! correspond+ half-ye>1 :5 #bj1idh1jjj lbs4 7 receiv$2 = al?\gh ! %ipm5ts ( #ahhb-c are expect$ to %[ an excess ( m ?an five million p\nds ov] #ahha-b1 export]s ?is season h hurri$ =w>d _! ,teas e>ly & 9 ! six mon?s end$ ,decemb] #ca/ ! arrivals 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom 7 #cb1bah1jjj lbs4 aga9/ only #bh1idg1jjj lbs4 9 ! correspond+ half ( #ahha4 ,! significant feature ( ! movem5t1 h[ev]1 is ! v agreeable surprise1 mon? by mon?1 caus$ by ! publication ( ! deliv]y figures4 ,^! comp>e = ! la/ few mon?s z foll[s3-- ,deliv]ies ( ! la/ ,f\r ,mon?s comp>$ ) correspond+ ,mon?s4 ,octob]4 ,novemb]4 ,decemb]4 ,janu>y4 lbs4 lbs4 lbs4 lbs4 #ahhb-c #e1acb1jjj #e1agd1jjj #d1deg1jjj #e1ejb1jjj #ahha-b #d1cec1jjj #d1bje1jjj #c1gbd1jjj #d1ajd1jjj --------- --------- --------- --------- ,increase #ggi1jjj #ifi1jjj #gcc1jjj #a1cih1jjj ,a cont9uance ( simil> l>ge increases is mo/ probable1 especially z we comp>e ) ! relatively small deliv]ies ( ,febru>y to ,april inclusive ( la/ ye>1 :5 only #aj1dhi1jjj lbs4 7 tak5 f w>eh\se1 aga9/ #ab1ghb1jjj lbs4 9 ! same mon?s ( #ahha--;a decrease ( #b1bic1jjj 9 ?ree mon?s4 ,"p ( ! decrease may be attribut$ to ! !n high] range ( m$ium & common ,indian ,teas4 ,! net result ( ! above /ati/ics is t--) no mat]ially l>g] arrivals visible1 ev5 ) ! lib]al all[ance ( #e1jjj1jjj lbs4 increas$ %ipm5ts = ! crop ye>--! deliv]ies give e promise ( %[+ v consid]able expansion1 &1 z we h said1 ?reat5 = ! complete ye> to m ?an absorb ! extra supply4 ,to enable anyone to *eck & =m an indep5d5t op9ion on ! =eca/ we v5ture to give1 we pres5t bel[ ! imports & deliv]ies1 half-ye> by half-ye>1 = ! f\r seasons #ahgi-hj to #ahhb-hc inclusive1 ) ! totals ( ea* crop ye>3-- ,,imports ,,( ,,indian ,,tea4 #ahgi-hj4 #ahhj-ha4 #ahha-hb4 #ahhb-hc4 lbs4 lbs4 lbs4 lbs4 #a/ ,july to #ca/ ,dec4 #bc1ecg1jjj #bi1adb1jjj #bh1idg1jjj #cc1bah1jjj #a/ ,jan4 to #cj? ,june #ae1hfh1jjj #af1hai1jjj #bj1idh1jjj #iaba1ghb1jjj ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ,season ye> #ci1dje1jjj #de1ifa1jjj #di1hie1jjj #iaee1jjj1jjj ,,deliv]ies ,,( ,,indian ,,tea4 #ahgi-hj4 #ahhj-a4 #ahha-b4 #ahhb-c4 lbs4 lbs4 lbs4 lbs4 #a/ ,july to #ca/ ,dec4 #af1hdg1jjj #bd1ceb1jjj #bc1gee1jjj #bg1aji1jjj #a/ ,jan4 to #cj? ,june #ai1dfe1jjj #be1ajf1jjj #bc1chf1jjj #ibbh1hjb1jjj ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ,season ye> #cf1cab1jjj #di1deh1jjj #dg1ada1jjj #ibee1iaa1jjj ,^! figures %[ an e/imat$ supply to ! end ( ,june next ( #ba1ghb1jjj lbs41 & an e/imat$ consumption ( #bh1hjb1jjj4 ,! =m] is bas$ on ! /atem5ts t ! available supply = ! ,unit$ ,k+dom w be #ee million p\nds1 & ! latt] on ! actual deliv]y to ,janu>y inclusive1 & e/imat$ av]age deliv]ies ( #d1ejj1jjj lbs4 a mon? = ! rema9d] ( ! half-ye>4 ,hav+ ^! figures be=e u1 we c proce$ to calculate ! effect on /ocks4 ,at #ca/ ,decemb] la/ we _h 9 w>eh\se lbs4 a /ock ( #ba1gaf1jjj ,add six mon?s' imports to ,june #cj? #ba1ghb1jjj ---------- ,total supply #dc1dih1jjj ,d$uct e/imat$ deliv]ies six mon?s #bh1hjb1jjj ---------- ,leav+ probable /ock at #cj? ,june #ad1fif1jjj ,:i* w comp>e ) 7at #cj? ,june1 #ahhb7 #ae1iia1jjj ,9 /at+ ! deliv]ies at an av]age ( #d1ejj1jjj lbs4 = ! next five mon?s1 we h tak5 ?is am\nt m]ely = ! purpose ( arriv+ at a conclusion4 ,9 case ! deliv]ies ( ! mon?s ( ,febru>y to ,june inclusive av]age1 z is g5]ally expect$1 #e1jjj1jjj lbs4 a mon?1 ! /ocks at #a/ ,july next w be "u #ab1bjj1jjj lbs41 or #c-c_/d million lbs4 less ?an at ! correspond+ date4 ,we c b consid] ?is a v heal?y outlook1 especially z x is simultane\s ) ! e/imat$ decrease 9 ! supply ( ,*9a ,tea1 & ! possibility t ! %ipm5ts to ! ,unit$ ,k+dom may n rea* ! e/imate4 ,) respect to ! latt] cont+5cy1 we mu/ recollect t new m>kets are be+ rapidly develop$ = ,indian ,tea4 ,au/ralia1 ,am]ica1 & o!r p>ts ?an ! ,unit$ ,k+dom took ov] ?ree million p\nds f #a/ ,may to #ca/ ,decemb] la/ ye>1 comp>$ ) less ?an a ?ird ( t quantity %ipp$ !nce f ,india 9 ! correspond+ p]iod ( #ahha4 ,a cont9uance ( ?is rapid rate ( outside dem& w\ld consid]ably curtail our supply1 & develope ! gr[+ ,indian indu/ry4 ,,g[ ,,& ,,wilson1 #ai1 ,little ,t[] ,/reet1 ,london1 ,e4,c4 ,! diagram omitt$ %[s z foll[s3 x gives ! results qu>t]ly1 ,i only give !m ye>ly 9 millions ( p\nds4 ,,consumption ,,( ,,*9a ,,& ,,indian ,,teas ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,k+dom ,,= ,,! ,,la/ ,,five ,,ye>s4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ #ahgh4 #ahgi4 #ahhj4 #ahha4 #ahhb4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,*9a #abh-a_/b #abe-a_/d #aad-a_/b #aaa-a_/d #aad ,all are ,millions ,indian #cf #ce-a_/b #dc-c_/d #dh-a_/b #ea-a_/b ( ,p\nds4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,,totals4 #afd-a_/b #afj-c_/d #aeh-a_/d #aei-c_/d #afe-a_/b ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,?us1 :ile ,*9a ,tea consumption has decreas$ 9 five ye>s by f\rte5 & a-half millions ( p\nds1 ,indian has increas$ by fifte5 & a-half millions6 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! =m] table giv5 at page #aid deals ) imports1 ?is ) consumption1 & ?us ! diff]5ce 9 ! figures4 ,! foll[+ extract f ! ,tea ,gazette 7,janu>y1 #ahhc7 is int]e/+ 9 a /ati/ical po9t ( view3-- ,! exports to ,au/ralia 7:i*1 z x is well kn[n1 h increas$ m ?an tw5ty-fold 9 six ye>s7 n[ occupy a position only second to t ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom2 & if ! ,p4 & ,o4 ,company w\ld see its own int]e/1 x w\ld facilitate by e means 9 its p[] s important a developm5t ( a great indu/ry4 ,! ,/raits ,settlem5ts1 9 spite ( _! proximity to ,*9a1 took la/ ye> t5 times ! quantity !y took six ye>s ago2 & ,p]sia1 /range to say1 has tak5 #ed1gablbs4 aga9/ #ccdlbs4 9 #ahgf-gg--,turkey 9 ,asia & ,egypt1 toge!r1 hav+ tak5 also #ba1dhhlbs4 aga9/ #hhflbs4 9 ! same p]iod4 ,mr4 ,liot>d is ( op9ion t ^! are n a ti! ( ! op5+s t might be f\nd2 & x is to be hop$ t at ! ,am/]dam ,exhibition & else:]e ! ,tea ,syndicate w 9 no way relax its ef=ts4 ,! imports ( ,*9a ,tea to ,india h1 9 ! six ye>s also above ref]r$ to1 increas$ ab\t #fj p] c5t4 ,speak+ on ?is po9t1 we are ( op9ion t ! ,syndicate might well make ef=ts to increase ! local consumption ( ,indian ,tea to ! replacem5t ( ,*9as1 & we feel sure t su* organis$ ex]tion w\ld be foll[$ by v satisfactory results4 ,! re-export ( ,*9a ,tea f ,india %[s f\r times ! quantity ( six ye>s ago--by f> ! great] quantity go+ to ,p]sia & ,turkey 9 ,asia4 ,mr4 ,liot>d ?9ks t ! ,n4-,w4 ,p4 & ! ,punjab might appropriate a good deal ( ?is trade2 & f ! "* ( ! ,teas ( ^! di/ricts we are dispos$ to agree ) him4 ,! great increase ( export f ,k>a*i %[s t ?is1 to "s ext5t1 is be+ done4 ,! abolition ( ! duty on ,*9a ,tea import$ to ,india1 "u ! rec5t free trade policy1 appe>s to h _h a prejudicial effect on ! plant]s 9 ,nor!rn ,india--:o c ill af=d x4 ,! figures giv5 at ! comm5cem5t ( ! pamphlet %[ t ! numb] ( plantations 9 ,nor!rn ,india has increas$ 9 six ye>s f #hea to #a1dbb1 & ! area f #d1bdf to #g1dff acres2 ! outturn f #a1caa1aac lbs4 to #b1bga1ggc lbs4 ,^! figures speak ( great activity 9 production1 & %[ ! necessity = e ex]tion be+ employ$ to op5 out new m>kets4 ,a comb9$ ,syndicate = all ! di/ricts 9 ,nor!rn ,india1 on ! l9es ( ! "o n[ e/abli%$ 9 ,calcutta1 is sugge/$1 b h[ f> ?is is practicable we are n at pres5t prep>$ to say4 ,! foll[+1 too1 f ! ,tea ,gazette ?is ye> is 9 "s respects hopeful3-- ,we see f ! ,nor? ,*9a ,h]ald t ! exports ( ,tea f ,%anghai & ! ,yang-tse ports to ,engl& dur+ ! curr5t ye> h fall5 (f "s six & a-half million p\nds 7#h-a_/b p] c5t471 & t !re is also a decrease ( "s six million p\nds 9 ! quantity s5t to ,am]ica ?is la/ ye>--mak+ a diff]5ce ( ne>ly ?irty p] c5t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re has be5 an increase ( ne>ly ?ree million p\nds 7#de p] c5t47 9 ! direct export to ,russian ports4 ,two l>ge c>goes--"o ( ne>ly ?ree million p\nds de/9$ = ,engl&1 & "o ( almo/ two million p\nds b\nd = ,russia--7 lo/1 s t ! real increase ( ,*9a ,tea s5t to ,russia is only "o million p\nds1 :i* w\ld r$uce ! increase to ab\t #ae p] c5t4 ,! decrease ( ,tea s5t to ,engl& becomes ev5 great]1 r$uc+ ! receipts z comp>$ ) la/ ye> by ne>ly t5 million p\nds4 ,ano!r aspect ( ! "q mu/1 h[ev]1 be consid]$1 namely1 t ! real displacem5t1 i4e41 9 ! am\nt ( ,tea de/9$ = ! ,engli% m>ket1 w\ld be only six & a-half million p\nds1 & x is n safe to reckon on a recurr5ce ( loss ( su* a heavy quantity by %ipwreck4 ,! decrease ( ,*9a ,tea s5t to ,am]ica is almo/ entirely 9 gre5 ,teas1 !re be+ only a fall+ (f ( #dj1jjjlbs4 9 black1 z comp>$ ) "o ( ov] six millions 9 gre5 ,tea4 ,! fall+ (f z reg>ds ! ,engli% m>ket is mu* m ev5ly di/ribut$ betwe5 ! two v>ieties1 ! diff]5ce be+ great] 9 t ( black ?an ( gre5 ,tea4 ,:ile ,am]ica takes f ! ,%anghai ports ov] f\r times z mu* gre5 z black ,tea1 ,engl&1 on ! o!r h&1 takes elev5 times z mu* black ,tea z x does ( gre5 ,tea4 ,^! la/ facts might make x wor? ! :ile ( plant]s 9 ! ,nor?-,we/ ,prov9ces & 9 ! ,punjab to comb9e to exploit ! ,am]ican m>kets ) half-*e/s ( gre5 ,tea1 = ! manufacture ( :i* ^? di/ricts are fam\s1 & = :i* !re is s little dem& at pres5t 9 ! ,c5tral ,asian m>ket4 ,we m]ely ?r[ out ! sugge/ion1 kn[+ t mo/ ( ! plant]s 9 ^! p>ts c\ld ill af=d to risk mu* 9 su* an exp]im5t4 ,x is possible t ! ,syndicate "h1 :i* already %ips l>gely to ,am]ica1 might arrange to %ip gre5 ,tea = su* ( ! plant]s 9 ,nor!rn ,india z c>$ to jo9 ! ,calcutta body4 ,! ,am]ican dem& = gre5 ,tea is s l>ge1 t a quantity repres5t+ ! entire outturn ( ,nor!rn ,india w\ld =m b a small p]c5tage ( ! :ole1 & if ,indian gre5 ,tea f ! ,himalayas 7 tak5 up 9 t m>ket1 a dem& = ! :ole quantity produc$ might easily arise4 ,:e!r x w\ld ev] be able to compete ) ,*9a gre5 ,tea 9 ! matt] ( price we d n "k1 & we %\ld ?9k x w\ld be up-hill "w1 & att5d$ ) "s loss--9 ! fir/ in/ance at any rate4 ,! m ,tea ea* individual dr9ks1 ! bett] d\btless = ! produc]s4 ,x is satisfactory !re=e to f9d ! consumption p] head is increas+ 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom z foll[s3-- #ahgj4 #ahge4 #ahhj4 lbs4 lbs4 lbs4 #c4ha #d4dd #d4ei ,ne>ly #a lb4 p] head m 9 #ahhj ?an #ahgj6 ,a few figures z to ,indian ,teas 9 ,au/ralia & ,am]ica w f9i% ?is ,*apt] ( ,/ati/ics4 ,! consumption ( ,indian ,tea 9 ,au/ralia & ! ,colonies /&s z foll[s3-- #ahhj-ha ,little "u #c_/d ( a million lbs4 #ahha-hb ,ne>ly #a million #ahhb-hc ,e/imat$ #b million ,?is is a satisfactory increase1 b :5 we consid] h[ va/ is ! great ,au/ralasian field1 x /&s to reason two millions is b a small fraction ( :at x ev5tually may be4 ,! outdoor r\gh life1 l$ m or less 9 ! ,colonies1 makes its inhabitants ! l>ge/ ,tea dr9k]s 9 ! _w4 ,= in/ance1 ea* :ite d5iz5 9 ,new ,zeal& dr9ks ne>ly ?ree times z mu* ,tea z ea* p]son 9 ,great ,brita96 ,! foll[+ 0 ! consumption 9 lbs4 p] head 9 #ahgh3-- ,unit$ ,new ,k+dom4 ,victoria4 ,n4 ,s4 ,wales4 ,que5sl&4 ,zeal&4 #d4ff #f4ib #g4ec #i4af #aa4je ,i n[ give1 9 millions ( lbs41 ! consumption 9 #ahhj 9 ! same ,colonies3-- ,victoria4 ,n4 ,s4 ,wales4 ,que5sl&4 ,new ,zeal&4 #e-a_/b #e #b #c ,b :at va/ tracts exi/ outside ^!4 ,! total consumption ( all ! ,colonies mu/ be v l>ge4 ,we make ! be/ ,tea 9 ! _w 9 ,india1 :y %\ld we n h a l>ge %>e ( ! m>ket8 ,! population ( ,au/ralia is ne>ly #b-a_/d millions1 & ( ,tasmania & ,new ,zeal& ne>ly #c_/d million1 say ?ree millions 9 all1 or say ?ree-qu>t]s ( ! population ( ,london4 ,:at a field exi/s !re = ,indian ,tea6 ,,am]ica4 ,! ye>ly consumption 7,canada is includ$7 is ov] eighty million p\nds1 ne>ly all suppli$ by ,*9a & ,japan4 ,x is q lately ,indian ,teas h be5 s5t to ,am]ica2 s f>1 _! reception has be5 fav\rable4 ,b ! ,am]icans are accu/om$ to a gre5] ,tea ?an we make 9 ,india1 & ?is w prove a difficulty4 ,/ill we c make ! ,tea !y l1 if !y w buy x4 ,x is e>ly to speculate mu* z to ,am]ica1 b ,i ?9k we %all succe$ little by little1 especially z 9 ! ,/ates !y are awak+ to ! fact t bo? ,*9a & ,japan ,teas are adult]at$4 ,9 clos+ ?is *apt] ,i mu/ put on record ! fact1 kn[n to all 9 ,india1 t ! great success a*iev$ 9 ,au/ralia1 & ! op5+ ?us e>ly atta9$ 9 ,am]ica1 is entirely due to ! lab\rs ( ! ,calcutta ,tea ,syndicate1 & t ,i firmly believe1 mu* z !y h done1 !y w\ld h done /ill m _h !y be5 prop]ly support$ by l>g] supplies ( ,tea by ! plant]s 9 ,india1 :o1 z a class1 are /rangely bl9d to ! advantages ( co-op]ation4 ,i c only hope 9 ?is respect !y w d bett] 9 future4 ,,footnotes3 #ij ,x w n be l>ge because mu* 9 ! way ( ext5sions has n be5 execut$ lately4 ,a high] range ( prices w d\btless cause m l& to be cultivat$1 b no produce f su* w be available = f\r or five ye>s4 #ia ,e/imat$ on basis ( #ee1jjj1jjj lbs4 available = %ipm5t to ! ,unit$ ,k+dom4 #ib ,e/imat$ on av]age mon?ly deliv]ies1 ,febru>y to ,june inclusive1 ( #d1ejj1jjj lbs4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiv4 ,,m>kets ,,outside ,,great ,,brita94 ,i h =e/all$ a good deal on ! above 9 ! la/ *apt]1 s ?is w be %ort1 b1 ,i hope1 *e]+4 ,,au/ralia4 ,?is1 f ! correspond5t ( ! ,tea ,gazette 9 ,melb\rne1 z to ! size ( *e/s1 %\ld be att5d$ to3-- ,if ! plant] wi%es to get 8 ,tea direct into consumption1 ! packages mu/ be small1 to suit buy]s4 ,9 ! ,colonies a l>ge trade is done 9 #chlb4 half-*e/s4 ,!y are )9 ! pur*as+ p[] ( a num]\s class1 & are easy to h&le4 ,a fi]ce fight has be5 go+ on 9 ,melb\rne betwe5 ! advocates ( ,*9a & ,indian ,tea4 ,! latt] say ,*9a ,tea is (t5 adult]at$1 b ?is is disput$ by ! =m]4 ,( c\rse ,i _c say :i* is "r1 b *emical analysis1 to :i* ,*9a ,teas h be5 subject$ 9 ,melb\rne1 w\ld seem to prove t 9 "s cases !y are n pure4 ,we all "k ,*9a ,teas 9 ,london h1 9 sev]al in/ances1 be5 pron\nc$ unfit = consumption1 s x is possible1 ( c\rse1 t simil> ,teas are s5t to ,au/ralia4 ,! ,tea trade 9 ,*9a has tak5 al>m at our attempts on ! ,au/ralian m>ket4 ,?is is :at ! ,nor? ,*9a ,h]ald 7an organ ( ! ,*9a ,tea trade7 said lately3-- ,!re are no squeez+ m&>9s 9 ,india2 !re is ,european sup]vision 9 ! pack+ & fir+ ( ! leaf1 & ! plantations are connect$ ) civilisation by ! railway & ! telegraph4 ,ev]y?+ is done to give ,india an unfair advantage ov] ,*9a4 ,consequ5tly1 ,india tea ( ! same quality is f> *eap] 9 ,london ?an ! ill-regulat$ produce ( ,hank[ & ,foo*[1 & x is only ! cons]vatism ( ! consum]1 :o is n yet entirely habituat$ to ! ,indian flav\r1 t prev5ts our losses be+ mu* heavi] ?an !y are4 ,e ye> ?is pref]5ce = ! leaf t has be5 long] kn[n is we>+ away1 & our buy]s w soon h to reckon ) its disappe>ance4 ,z yet1 ,indian ,tea is h>dly tak5 on ! cont95t ( ,europe at all2 b "h1 too1 x w p5etrate soon] or lat]1 z x is do+ into ,am]ica & ,au/ralia1 & !n !re w be no corn] ( ! e>? :]e ! sway ( ,*9a ,tea w be undisput$4 ,until =eign]s c sup]vise ! pack+ ( ! leaf 9 ,*9a z !y d 9 ,india1 ! produce ( ! latt] c\ntry w cont9ue to h an unfair advantage4 ,! "t no d\bt w come :5 we %all be able to g up & buy ! raw leaf on its native hills1 pack x by our own me?ods1 & br+ x d[n by railway to ,%anghai = %ipm5t2 b = ye>s yet we lab\r "u ! disadvantage ( hav+ to buy x j z ! ,*9am5 *oose to prep>e x1 )\t any real k ( ! total crop at any "t1 or any imm$iate p[] to manipulate ! ,teas to suit ! ta/es ( consum]s4 ,m>k y1 ?is is an enemy's op9ion4 ,may 8 progno/ications be accompli%$ to ! lett]6 ,! foll[+ is f ! ,tea ,gazette lately receiv$3-- ,,! ,,calcutta ,,tea ,,syndicate4 ,we are glad to le>n t ?is mo/ useful body int5ds to cont9ue its op]ations 9 op5+ up1 :]ev] possible1 new m>kets1 al?\gh !re w be no m solicit+ supplies ( ,tea = ,au/ralia--! feel+ be+ t ! trade 9 ?is direction may n[ be left to take c>e ( itself4 ,! ,tea ,syndicate has done a great good1 & ^? able to %ip to ,au/ralia %\ld at once arrange to take ! fulle/ advantage ( ! op5+ made = !m4 ,we w\ld h wi%$ t ! ,syndicate _h cont9u$ actively its op]ations !re1 b p]haps !y are "r 9 leav+1 n[1 ! fur!r developm5t ( ! trade !y h s successfully f\nd$ to private ent]prise4 ,x w be ! fault ( own]s !mselves if !y d n take advantage ( ! l>ge m>ket op5$ to !m4 ,i conclude my notice ( ,au/ralia z a m>ket by ! foll[+1 also f ! ,tea ,gazette4 ,matt]s !re c]ta9ly look promis+ = ! ,indian plant]3-- ,,! ,,new ,,au/ralian ,,tea ,,association4 ,our fri5ds 9 ,au/ralia1 n[ t !y are conv9c$ ( ! purity & good quality ( our ,indian ,teas1 h det]m9$1 we are glad to see1 to foll[ 9 ! wake ( ! ,calcutta ,tea ,syndicate1 & pu% by unit$ ef=t ,indian ,teas ?r\gh\t ! ,au/ralian ,colonies4 ,kn[+ full well t no half-he>t$ measures w\ld be likely to succe$1 & t ! ef=ts ( a few individuals w\ld n meet ! requirem5ts ( ! m>ket1 our fri5ds 9 ,victoria & ,new ,s\? ,wales h comb9$1 & =m$ an association "u ! title ( ! 8,calcutta ,tea ,association10 = ! sale ( pure & unadult]at$ ,indian ,teas to :olesale m]*ants1 /orekeep]s1 & cu/om]s 9 g5]al4 ,l>ge & h&some premises h be5 tak5 9 ,k+ ,/reet1 ,melb\rne1 & ,*>lotte ,place1 ,sydney1 9 :i* ! op]ations ( ! ,association are to be c>ri$ on on a l>ge scale4 ,,am]ica4 ,! foll[+ is f ! ,daily ,news--a ,calcutta pap]3-- ,we 7 glad to note t our ,am]ican c\s9s 7 be+ induc$ to give "s ord]s4 ,if only ,indian ,tea 0 once tak5 up1 & became popul>1 its future w\ld be secur$4 ,! teem+ masses ( p 9 ! ,/ates w\ld consume m ,tea we %\ld imag9e ?an all ! ,engli% public1 provid$ ,indian ,tea took ! place ( ,*9a4 ,au/ralia s f> has done well1 b ! m>ket !re w\ld be easily glutt$1 :]eas1 if its use became g5]al1 x w\ld be almo/ impossible to glut ! ,am]ican m>ket4 ,! millions ( settl]s 9 ,am]ica & 9 ,canada all use ,tea at _! meals v mu* z an ,engli%man takes 8 be]1 s t ! inl& consumption mu/ be v l>ge4 ,9 ,au/ralia1 e %eph]d c>ries 8 pannik9 ( ,tea1 & ! am\nt he swall[s 9 twelve mon?s mu/ be pretty consid]able4 ,9 ! backwoods ( ,am]ica & ,canada1 ea* woodcutt] consumes ne>ly half a p\nd ( ,tea weekly1 s t1 ) its millions ( p1 ,am]ica c\ld easily dispose ( millions ( p\nds ( ,tea1 :i* w\ld n only cle> (f all ! surplus ,tea 9 ! ,london m>ket1 b w\ld probably cause a deficit4 ,we wond] if 9 our "t ?is gold5 era w take place4 ,?is f ! ,,tea ,,gazette3-- ,,tea ,,9 ,,am]ica4 ,a petition has be5 pres5t$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,congress ask+ = ! prohibition ( ! importation ( adult]at$ ,teas f ,*9a & ,japan1 :i* are at pres5t ext5sively sold4 ,?is1 x is ?\ght1 w lead to increas$ att5tion be+ paid to ,indian ,teas1 :i* are well kn[n to be pure & unadult]at$4 ,aga9 f same pap]3-- ,! circul> lately address$ to ! local ,tea plant+ int]e/ by ! ,committee ( ! ,calcutta ,syndicate1 report+ ! results ( ,mr4 ,sib?orp's ef=ts to create a m>ket = ,indian ,teas 9 ,am]ica1 op5s up a vi/a ( unprec$5t$ prosp]ity 9 ! future4 ,t ! population ( ,am]ica1 ! bulk ( :i* consi/ ( ! same races among :om ,indian ,tea has gr[n 9 fav\r s rapidly 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 %\ld p]si/ 9 reject+ x aft] a fair trial 0 priori highly improbable4 ,x 01 !re=e1 reasonably to be presum$ t :atev] difficulty might beset ! op5+ up ( ?is new m>ket w\ld consi/ *iefly 9 ! ob/acles to secur+ su* a trial4 ,mr4 ,sib?orp's report n only be>s out ?is view ( ! case1 b ju/ifies a confid5t expectation t ! ob/acles 9 "q1 s f> z !y h any real exi/5ce1 w spe$ily disappe>4 ,9 ,*icago1 s f> f hav+ _h to enc\nt] any ( ^? /rong trade prejudices :i* 7 met ) at fir/ 9 ,au/ralia1 ,mr4 ,sib?orp f\nd ! lead+ import]s1 ,messrs4 ,j4 ,doane & ,co41 ready to r5d] e assi/ance & confid5t ( be+ able to dispose ( five ?\s& half *e/s ! fir/ season1 )\t =c+ ! m>ket4 ,simil> success seems to h att5d$ 8 ef=ts 9 ,new ,york1 & a telegram has be5 receiv$ f him ord]+ a ?\s& half *e/s = %ipm5t to t port4 ,! importance ( ?is new m>ket is imm5sely enhanc$ by ! circum/ance t ! ,am]ican consumption ( ,tea is de/9$ to increase1 ow+ to m]e gr[? ( population1 at a rate n to be look$ = 9 any o!r c\ntry2 at su* a rate1 9 fact1 t if ,india c\ld only secure ! annual addition to ! dem& f ?is cause1 %e w\ld probably h to d\ble h] production 9 less ?an a g5]ation to enable h] to meet x4 ,s f> f see+ any reason :y %e %\ld n secure ?is am\nt ( cu/om 9 ! ,new ,_w1 we see none :y ! proportion ( ,india to o!r ,teas consum$ 9 ,am]ica %\ld n ultimately be z l>ge z 9 ,engl&1 :]e !re 0 once a /rong prejudice aga9/ ,indian ,tea4 ,:at possible =eign m>kets h we besides ,au/ralia & ,am]ica8 ,russia & _m ,european c\ntries are on ! c>ds1 & if ! ,calcutta ,syndicate w cont9ue its "w great results may ensue4 ,^? :o "k ! ,cont95t (t5 say1 & x is true1 t no good ,tea c be _h 9 ,france1 ,g]many1 or ,italy 7x is n s 9 ,russia71 & retail deal]s h (f]$ aga9 & aga9 7made ! (f]s to me7 to take l>ge quantities ( ! ,indian ,tea ( :i* ,i h %[n !m samples4 ,z ?is is s1 :y n supply !m8 ,b x _c be done well to any ext5t by individual plant]s4 ,! ,calcutta ,syndicate c\ld easily d x1 & ,i q believe !y w\ld f9d ! "w 9 ,europe easi] ?an 9 ,am]ica4 ,! ,am/]dam ,exhibition1 s soon to take place1 af=ds a great op5+1 & f all ,i he> x w be tak5 advantage (4 ,inhabitants f all c\ntries w be !re1 & ! fame ( our ,teas %\ld ?us spread ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,! ,tea ,gazette says3-- ,,! ,,am/]dam ,,exhibition4 ,x is int5d$ to h ,indian ,tea well repres5t$ at ! =?com+ ,exhibition at ,am/]dam2 & we tru/ t ! mo/ w be made ( ! opportunity4 ,!re is no reason :y we %\ld n succe$ 9 ,holl& z well z we h succe$$ 9 ,am]ica & ,au/ralia4 ,! rapid /rides go+ on 9 production mu/ be met by exceptionally active ex]tions to op5 out new m>kets1 & to see t ^? rec5tly op5$ out are n all[$ to drop = want ( fo/]+4 ,! effect ( ?is opportunity w be by no means limit$ to ,holl&1 z 9 all probability ?\s&s w flock to ! ,exhibition f adjac5t c\ntries1 & _m f all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,we hope t e advantage w be tak5 ( future ,int]national ,exhibitions 9 any "p ( ! _w by an adequate quasi-p]man5t organization 9 ,calcutta1 & we s9c]ely tru/ t ! exi/+ ,calcutta ,tea ,syndicate w n cease its mo/ useful op]ations until all ! _w b[s to ! great god ,indian ,tea4 ,! op]ations 9 c\ntries o!r ?an ,great ,brita9 dur+ ! la/ few ye>s %[ :at important developm5ts 9 ! ,tea trade ( ?is c\ntry are n[ tak+ place1 & e ex]tion is necess>y to ma9ta9 ^! successful results--= :i* ! indu/ry is s mu* indebt$ to ! ,syndicate4 ,,?ibet4 ,?is is a l>ge1 m\nta9\s1 & table l& c\ntry on ! nor!rn side ( ! ,himalayas4 ,x is at a v high elevation1 int5sely cold1 & v ?9ly populat$4 ,! ,?ibetans dr9k mu* ,tea p] head1 b !y use ,brick ,tea2 ?is is made ( ! co>se/ leaves compress$ ) "s glut9\s sub/ance4 ,!re is no difficulty 9 its manufacture4 ,at pres5t x is suppli$ by ,*9a1 :i* is close by1 b n ne>] ?an ,india4 ,_m ?9k mu* ( our co>se ,tea 7p>ticul>ly f ! ,himalayan g>d5s7 might f9d a m>ket 9 ,?ibet1 & ,i incl9e to ! belief !y are "r4 ,! quantity w\ld n be v l>ge1 8b e little helps40 ,=m]ly mu* ,tea 0 sold to ! native tribes ov] ! nor!rn bord] by ! g>d5s 9 ,kumaon1 ,gurwal1 & ,kangra4 ,:y ,i "k n1 b ,i he> ! trade has fall5 (f to "s ext5t2 ! ,teas are tak5 to ! ,c5tral ,asian m>kets4 ,i h done ) =eign m>kets1 b !re is yet ano!r & a v l>ge "o reg>d+ :i* no?+ has yet be5 done3 ,i allude to ! m>ket among ! natives ( ,india1 9 o!r words ,,! ,,local ,,m>ket4 ,! foll[+ is f ! ,calcutta ,engli%man on ! subject3-- ,! lett] ( our correspond5t 8,a4 ,e4 ,t40 calls att5tion = ! hundr$? "t to ! failure ( ! plant+ int]e/ to make ! mo/ ( ! local dem& = ,indian ,teas4 ,x is only necess>y to comp>e ! prices realis$ at ! public auctions ) ^? at :i* ev5 ! mo/ lib]al ( our retail firms (f] to supply _! cu/om]s ) su* ,teas to see t b a v small fraction ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! prime co/ ( ! ,tea & :at ! consum] has to pay = x goes into ! pocket ( ! plant]4 ,x is probably no exagg]ation to say t :ile ! consum] pays1 on ! av]age1 f twelve annas to a rupee p] p\nd m ?an ! actual co/ ( ! ,tea laid d[n 9 ,calcutta1 ! plant] may ?9k himself =tunate if he c appropriate f half an anna to an anna ( ?is sum4 ,by :atev] c\rse ( argum5t ! fact may be ju/ifi$1 x is c]ta9ly n ju/ifiable by ! equity ( ! case z x appe>s to ord9>y m9ds4 ,= x is ! plant] :o has borne ! heat & burd5 ( ! day1 & ! proportion :i* ! capital inve/$ by him be>s to ! ultimate return is imm5sely great] 9 8 case ?an 9 t ( ! retail deal]4 ,on :om does ! blame = ! cont9uance ( ?is /ate ( ?+s1 if blame !re be 9 ! matt]1 re/8 ,h>dly on ! public4 ,!y w\ld only be too glad to all[ ! ,tea plant]1 say1 f\r times 8 pres5t pr(it in/ead ( all[+ twelve times t pr(it to a middleman or a s]ies ( middlem54 ,! public1 h[ev]1 c give _! cu/om only to ^? :o bid = x1 & :o consult _! conv5i5ce 9 ! arrangem5ts !y make to secure x4 ,x is evid5tly ! plant]1 & ! plant] alone1 :o c move 9 ! matt]4 ,b :e!r out ( reg>d = ! int]e/s ( ! retail deal]1 or f a belief t ! game is n wor? ! c&le1 he does n move4 ,if !re 7 a retail ,tea trade wor?y ( ! "n1 9 ! prop] s5se ( ! t]m1 9 ,calcutta1 x w\ld probably n be to ! int]e/ ( plant]s to ent] into competition ) x4 ,b ?\gh we h _m retail e/abli%m5ts :o deal 9 ,tea1 its sale is1 9 ! great majority ( cases1 only "o item ( a v multif>i\s bus9ess1 ! pr(it on :i*1 z a :ole1 is probably n excessive "u all ! circum/ances ( ! case4 ,z to ! game n be+ wor? ! c&le1 t is possibly ! case if only ! pres5t dem& is consid]$4 ,b we are p]suad$ t x is o!rwise if reg>d is _h to ! expansion ( :i* t dem& is capable4 ,if ,indian ,tea 7 procurable 9 ! baza>s 9 p>cels ( mod]ate size at a reasonable advance on auction prices1 we believe t a l>ge native dem& = x w\ld rapidly gr[ up4 ,z x is1 an ext5sive bus9ess goes on 9 ,*9a ,tea ( ! mo/ wret*$ quality1 "s ( x sold 9 packets ( a few ounces1 & "s ( x loose 9 /ill small] quantities4 ,ev5 9 ,calcutta ?is ,tea is sold at prices :i* w\ld pay ! ,indian ,tea plant] a h&some pr(it1 :ile 9 ! int]ior x is sold at rates :i* w\ld h be5 high fifty ye>s ago4 ,surely a ,syndicate :i* ext5ds its ef=ts = ! popul>isation ( ,indian ,tea to su* di/ant & widely sep>at$ m>kets z ,au/ralia & ,am]ica might pr(itably make "s sy/ematic ef=t to promote its use among ! va/ population at its doors4 ,! "t may be f> di/ant :5 ! great bulk ( ?is population w adopt ,tea z an ord9>y bev]age2 b ! way 9 :i* ! habit ( us+ x has spread dur+ ! la/ t5 or fifte5 ye>s1 among all classes ( ! va/ population ( ,calcutta1 af=ds an indication ( possibilities v well wor? te/+4 ,:5 la/ 9 ,india ,i wrote on ?is subject l>gely1 b all to no avail4 ,! foll[+ 0 "o ( my lett]s :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,tea ,gazette3-- ,,! ,,m>ket ,,at ,,our ,,doors4--,,consumption ,,( ,,*9a ,,tea ,,9 ,,india4 ,! ,/atesman1 9 a rec5t article1 obs]ves z foll[s1 :ile discuss+ ! m>itime trade ( ,briti% ,india3-- 8,p]haps ! mo/ anomal\s import we h is ,tea4 ,x is h>dly conceivable t :ile ,indian ,tea cont9ues to advance 9 public e/imation at home1 we %\ld n only use ,*9a ,tea 9 ,india1 b t 9 increas+ quantities40#ic ,9 #ahgf-gg ! imports ( ,*9a ,teas 7 a little "u two millions1 b 9 #ahhj-ha z mu* ov] ?ree millions6 ,! ,/atesman /ates1 & truly1 t ! reason ( ?is is simply 8t ,indian ,tea is sold 9 too l>ge packets to be easily obta9able by ! g5]al public1 = x seems1 z reg>ds ,indian ,tea1 ! smalle/ quantity t c be b\ght is "o p\nd1 :]eas an ounce ( ,*9a ,tea c be pur*as$40 ,fur!r on1 ! ,/atesman k9dly alludes to my advocacy 9 ! ,tea ,gazette ( a company to sell ,tea 9 small packages to ! natives1 /at+ also t su* a trade is 8capable ( almo/ unlimit$ expansion at a fair pr(it10 :i* is exactly :at ,i h1 = "s "t1 be5 try+ to hamm] into ! heads ( ^? int]e/$ 9 ! ,tea indu/ry ( ,india4 ,n[1 ,sir1 is x n absurd t :ile ! bte noir ( our indu/ry is 8supply 9 excess ( dem&10 & :ile1 ) ?is dread1 we are try+ 7x seems ) success7 to op5 up new m>kets at ! ,antipodes & 9 ,am]ica1 we are neglect+ a m>ket at our v doors1 ! limits ( :i*1 ,i hold1 no man c =esee1 = is x n a m>ket :]e ! possible buy]s numb] #bjj millions8 ,is x n also m ?an absurd1 nay a v %ame to ^? int]e/$ 9 our indu/ry1 t :ile we h a bett] article ?an ,*9a ,tea1 we all[1 by our sup95ess & lack ( ent]prise1 m ?an ?ree million p\nds ( an inf]ior article to be sold 9 ! bir? place ( ! bett]8 ,& :y8 simply because we w n supply x 9 ! =m ! teem+ cr[d ( natives will+1 nay anxi\s1 to buy c avail !mselves ( x6 ,s9ce ,i advocat$ 9 y\r pap] ! =mation ( a company to sell ,tea to natives 9 small packets1 & %[$1 ,i ?\ght conclusively3 #a--,t ! capital requir$ 0 n l>ge 7say "o & a-half lakhs74 #b--,t ! %>ehold]s might expect v fair divid5ds4 #c--,t !re 0 no assignable limit to ! trade :i* might be develop$4 #d--,t if su* a company 0 />t$ & work$ well1 all fe> = ! future ( ,indian ,tea w\ld be at an end4 #e--,t e ,tea own]1 :o became a %>ehold]1 w\ld advance 8 own int]e/s by _m times m ?an ! divid5ds he w\ld receive--s9ce !n ,i h obta9$ f ,engl& e/imates ( all ! ma*9]y requir$ to bulk & pack ! ,teas1 advice f ! be/ firms z to ! mode s successful 9 ,engl&1 & ,i am m ?an ev] conv9c$ t ! company w\ld be a money-mak+ "o1 & t1 9 two words1 we %all sadly neglect our own int]e/s if we d n accompli% x4 ,aga91 s9ce my =m] articles ,i h spok5 to doz5s ( ,tea plant]s & ,tea own]s on ! subject1 & all ( !m ?9k highly ( ! s*eme1 :ile _m only wait = ! company to be laun*$ to take %>es4 ,i c\ld "n m ?an "o influ5tial native also :o is will+ to jo91 & ?is is a good sign1 =1 9 my op9ion1 a moiety ( ! directors %\ld be natives4 ,i w myself become a l>ge %>ehold]1 ?\gh ,i _c (f] my s]vices on ! bo>d1 = x mu/ be 9 ,calcutta1 & ,i d n reside !re4 ,i am conv9c$1 if ! company is laun*$1 ! %>es w be tak5 up 9 a week4 ,b if no "o 9 ,calcutta is public-spirit$ en\gh to laun* su* a company1 :y %\ld n an association ( a few individuals try to c>ry out ! s*eme4 ,i q believe ,tea proprietors w\ld help !m1 at />t+1 by supply+1 on reasonable cr$it1 ! co>se ,teas suitable4 ,7 ?is done1 ! ?9 edge ( ! w$ge w\ld be driv5 91 &1 if ! association succe$$1 !y might lat] transf] ! bus9ess at a fair pr(it to a company4 ,i _h writt5 s f> :5 ,i saw y\r rem>ks on ! same subject 9 y\r la/ issue4 ,i _c agree ) y 9 ?9k+ an association w\ld be bett] ?an a company1 b ,i say1 fail+ ! la/ let u h ! fir/--9 fact1 let u make a beg9n+4 ,i give "h bel[1 to save ! tr\ble ( ref]5ce1 ! la/ "p ( my =m] article3-- 8,i w n[1 9 conclusion1 %ortly e/imate = h[ mu* two & f\r ounce packets c\ld be sold to ! consum]4 8,suppos+ suitable ,teas c\ld be b\ght at six annas p] lb4 7& all ,tea plant]s "k t a v l>ge supply ( brok5 ,teas ) "s r$ leaf w\ld be available at t price71 "o ounce w\ld equal #d-a_/b pie or #i pie = #b ounces4 ,we may !n calculate ?us = ea* #b ounce packet3 ,r4 ,a4 ,p4 ,tea #j #j #i ,t9 foil1 company's m>k1 lab\r ( mak+ up packet1 we> & te>1 bulk+ ma*9]y #j #j #c ,pr(it to company #j #j #c ------- ,price at :i* company c\ld sell #b ounce packets #j #a #c ,pr(it to deal] or middleman #j #j #c ,pr(it to retail] #j #j #c ------- ,co/ to consum] = #b ounce packet #j #a #i 8,z mak+ up a #d ounce packet w\ld be *eap] 9 proportion1 & ! pr(it to company1 middleman1 & retail] ne$ n be d\ble ! #b ounce rate1 we may fairly say t #d ounce packets c\ld be sold at #c annas4 8,i h s5t to ,engl& = an e/imate ( ! necess>y ma*9]y1 s t if my project meets ) fav\r1 !re w lat] be no delay on t score40 ,surely ! above figures1 & ,i believe !y are s\nd1 h ! look ( success ab\t !m4 ,i he> x has be5 sugge/$ t pap] packets w\ld det]iorate by keep+1 b protect$ by a good wrapp] ( t9-foil inside1 ,i feel sure ?is w\ld n be ! case4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,no?+ has be5 done to ?is day2 & ?us1 to our %ame be x said1 we are all[+ a m>ket capable ( indef9ite expansion to rema9 dormant4 ,,footnote3 #ic ,) few exceptions x is b\ght by ! ,natives alone & = ! reason giv5 above4--,e4 ,m4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxv4 ,,mak+ ,,indian ,,tea ,,kn[n ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,k+dom4 ,sev]al plans h at times be5 propos$ 9 ,india ) a view to make ! m]its ( pure ,indian ,teas kn[n 9 ,engl&4 ,:5 ,i 0 la/ out !re ,i saw ! foll[+ lett] 9 ! ,calcutta ,/atesman1 & x appe>$ to me ! plan sugge/$ 0 9 e way an excell5t "o3-- ,,h[ ,,to ,,pu% ,,! ,,sale ,,( ,,tea4 ,to ! ,editor 8,/atesman40 ,sir1--,ref]r+ to y\r lead] ( to-day on ! subject ( sell+ ,tea at home1 ,i agree ) y t ,tea-gr[]s %\ld comb9e = retail+1 z !y h1 ?r\gh ! ,syndicate1 comb9$ = op5+ up new m>kets1 b !re mu/ be ! same _s ( ent]prise 9 ! "o case z 9 ! o!r4 ,n[1 ! m]e op5+ up ( %ops = ! sale ( ,indian ,teas1 involv+1 z x w\ld1 r5ts1 exp5sive e/abli%m5ts1 & bad debts1 w\ld n af=d ! necess>y scope1 nor w\ld x meet ! case4 ,! sy/em ( auction 9 ,m9c+ ,lane mu/ ) all its drawbacks cont9ue1 b x is surely possible to extract "s good f x4 ,let ag5cies = su* a comb9ation z y propose be e/abli%$ 9 all ! l>ge t[ns 9 ,great ,brita91 & weekly auctions ( packets ( ,tea f #b ounces to #e lbs4 or s be held 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ea* t[n1 s t e day except ,sunday !re w\ld be an auction go+ on some:]e4 ,let ! sales be bon fide to ! highe/ bidd] & = ca% on ! nail1 & ,i w promise t be=e a ye> is ov]1 z high prices w be paid at ^! auctions z are at pres5t realis$ by ,coop] & ,coop]1 :il/ ! dem& w\ld soon greatly exce$ ! supply4 ,if some?+ ( ! same k9d 7 done 9 ! baza>s ( ,india1 ! ta/e :i* s decid$ly exi/s among natives w\ld develop rapidly4 ,,matt4 ,,drews4 ,calcutta1 ,janu>y #d?1 #ahhb4 ,i wrote ! foll[+ rem>ks on ! above to ! same pap]3-- ,,indian ,,tea ,,sales ,,at ,,home4 ,to ! ,editor 8,/atesman40 ,sir1--,y\r article ( ,w$nesday on ! above1 & a lett] f ,mr4 ,drews 9 ,?ursday's pap]1 h int]e/$ me mu*4 ,z y truly say1 x is m ?an absurd t ! public at home %\ld pay #aej p] c5t4 = our ,teas above ! prices at :i* !y are sold 9 ,m9c+ ,lane1 & t ?is trem5d\s pr(it1 m9us #f;d4 duty1 %\ld all g into ! h&s ( ! retail deal]4 ,absurd z x is1 x is /ill a great fact1 & ! absurdity c only be increas$ 9 "o way1 & t is1 if we rema9 quiet1 accept ! position1 & d no?+4 ,t we ought to move1 & move quickly1 is v c]ta94 ,h[ be/ to act requires s]i\s consid]ation1 & ample discussion4 ,y advocate a company or association to sell our ,teas retail 9 all ! l>ge t[ns 9 ,great ,brita91 & advocate a subscription ( ,rs4 #aj p] mon? by ea* g>d5 9 ,india1 until ! bus9ess c\ld support itself4 ,no?+ c be done unless we all subscribe a small sum to set x go+1 & ! am\nt y m5tion 7,rs4 #abj = "o ye>2 ! necessity w\ld mo/ assur$ly la/ no long]7 %\ld fright5 no "o1 :ile1 if done g5]ally by ! ,indian g>d5s1 x w\ld be ample4 ,i w\ld sugge/1 !re=e1 t we %\ld beg9 ! matt] z set out bel[4 ,! foll[+ none ( ! v _m int]e/$ 9 ,tea c d5y3-- #a4 ,! l>ge pr(its made on ,indian ,teas at home are n realis$ by ! produc]s1 b by ! retail deal]s4 #b4 ,we c easily und]sell ! said retail deal]s1 to ! tune ( #ej p] c5t4 or m1 & /ill "w at a l>ge pr(it4 #c4 ,if ! retail deal]s 7 s und]sold1 an enorm\s cu/om w\ld ensue to u1 or r ! ag5ts we employ$4 #d4 ,if ,indian ,teas 7 procurable at a fair price all ov] ,great ,brita91 because ,indian ,tea is sup]ior to ,*9a1 because ^? :o h drunk ,indian nev] rev]t to ,*9a1 because ?\s&s w\ld !n ta/e our ,teas = ! fir/ "t1 & cont9ue _! use--,i say1 because ( all ?is1 little by little1 ! consumption w\ld increase 9 a ratio we d n dream ( n[4 #e4 ,! consumption s increas$1 we %\ld necess>ily1 because dem& exce$$ supply1 get good prices at ! public m>ts 9 ,calcutta & ,london1 & 9 consequ5ce !re( ! value ( all ,tea prop]ty 9 ,india w\ld be greatly enhanc$4 ,i believe all ! above w\ld c]ta9ly foll[ on a g5]al well-comb9$ movem5t on our "p2 b let u take ! wor/ view4 ,no "o c d5y t !y might d s4 ,w\ld ,rs4 #abj be a l>ge /ake f ea* g>d5 = ev5 ! *ance8 ,let u beg9 ?us3 ,op5 a li/ 9 y\r (fice = ! names ( ^? g>d5s will+ to jo94 ,"o ye>'s subscription1 at ,rs4 #aj p] mon?1 %\ld be ! limit f ea* g>d54 ,:5 en\gh names are collect$ to w>rant fur!r movem5t1 call a meet+ 9 ,calcutta1 & let ! next /eps be decid$ on1 & 9 ! int]val--agitate2 ,i w help to ! be/ ( my p[]1 & collect op9ions f all sides4 ,op5 ! li/ ) ! names ( ! ?ree g>d5s ,i repres5t 7z p] enclosure71 equival5t at once to a subscription ( ,rs4 #cfj4 ,n[1 z to ! "q--h[ to d x8 ,i give y my views1 b let !m be criticis$ & discuss$4 ,we want to d x1 & to d x ! be/ way4 ,:at ,i h be5 sugge/+ = mon?s 9 ! ,tea ,gazette1 z ! be/ ?+ to d 9 ,india--viz41 to sell ,tea by auction 9 conv5i5t =ms z to quantity = native consumption--is really :at ,i advise = ,engl&4 ,i am q at "o ) ,mr4 ,drews on ?is po9t4 7,i wi% y w\ld repr9t 8 valuable lett] above1 & !n my allusions to x w\ld be und]/ood47 ,retail %ops & all !y w\ld entail1 viz41 intricate sup]vision1 r5ts1 e/abli%m5ts1 & :at n1 necessitate details q outside our legitimate sph]e z produc]s4 ,no organisation we c\ld devise w\ld c>ry on successfully two or ?ree hundr$ %ops at home4 ,we 7t is1 ! company or ! association7 c\ld n effici5tly sup]9t5d su* a complicat$ bus9ess1 & we %\ld be *eat$ "r & left4 ,b let o!rs1 ,i say1 d ! "w = u at _! own risk1 z foll[s3-- ,sell ,teas 9 :ole1 half1 & qu>t] *e/s1 9 t9s ( #aj1 #e1 & #a lbs41 9 packets ( #h1 #d1 & #b ounces once a week 7! m>ket day7 9 c\ntry t[ns2 daily1 9 diff]5t localities 9 ,london1 ,birm+ham1 ,ed9burgh1 ,glasg[1 ,dubl91 & su* l cities--all by auction to ! highe/ bidd] = ca%1 9 lots :i* w\ld suit bo? retail deal]s & retail pur*as]s4 ,nev] m9d if !re be a loss at ! comm5cem5t2 ! quantities sold1 till we felt our way1 ne$ n be l>ge4 ,:at w\ld be ! result8 ,retail deal]s w\ld %ortly sell z mu* ,indian z ,*9a ,tea1 if !y c\ld get x4 ,our ,teas w\ld g into ?\s&s ( h\ses :]e x has nev] be5 ta/$ yet4 ,! dem& w\ld increase on all sides2 prices 9 ,m9c+ ,lane1 & consequ5tly 9 ,calcutta1 w\ld rise1 & no fe> ( a glutt$ m>ket c\ld !n exi/4 ,9 two words1 ,indian ,teas w\ld1 ,i believe1 six mon?s aft] su* op]ations 7 comm5c$1 become ! rage 9 ,engl&1 & we1 ! own]s ( ,tea prop]ty1 w\ld add #ej p] c5t4 to ! value ( our e/ates4 ,is n ev5 ! *ance ( all ?is wor? an outlay ( ,rs4 #abj = ea* g>d58 ,i am pr\d to head ! li/ ) my ,rs4 #cfj1 & ,i d beg ( all int]e/$ 9 ,tea to foll[ my lead4 ,9 ! plan ,i h sket*$1 l ,mr4 ,drews1 all ! op]ations w\ld be simple4 ,! necess>y sup]vision w\ld be small3 ! details easily arrang$4 ,! ,teas w\ld ( c\rse be b\ght 9 ! op5 m>ket 9 ,london & di/ribut$ = public auction to ! diff]5t localities4 ,!re might be "s loss at fir/ 7x is = ?is ! capital is want$71 b if always sold to ! highe/ bidd]1 !re w\ld be none--nay1 a h&some pr(it aft] a "t2 & ?\gh ,i d n ?9k ) ,mr4 ,drews1 nor %\ld ,i wi%1 t ! prices w\ld ev5tually equal ,coop] & ,coop]'s1 ,i d ?9k t ! said firm w\ld soon f9d x useless to adv]tise _! *eape/ ,indian ,tea at #c %ill+s a p\nd--,tea = :i* !y c]ta9ly paid no m ?an #ac p5ce6 ,i may add t ,i q agree ) ! la/ p>agraph ( ,mr4 ,drews' lett]2 b a sale = ,india & a sale = ,engl& are two diff]5t ?+s1 & ,i w n treat ( bo? toge!r4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,we/]n ,doo>s1 ,janu>y #g1 #ahhb4 ,alas6 9 ?is case1 l ! "o ( supply ( ,tea to natives1 no?+ practical came ( x4 ,a v few g>d5s agre$ to subscribe1 & ! matt] dropp$4 ,( all ! plans t h be5 moot$1 ?is ( ,mr4 ,drews ,i believe to be ! be/4 ,i wi% a small company 9 ,engl& w\ld try to initiate x4 ,no great] boon1 9 my op9ion1 c\ld be conf]r$ on ! ,indian ,tea indu/ry2 & 7 su* a ,company1 ) good names1 laun*$ 9 ,engl&1 a l>ge proportion ( ! %>es w\ld probably be tak5 9 ,india4 ,a v mod]ate capital w\ld suffice4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxvi4 ,,tea ,,ma*9]y4 ,s mu* has x be5 ext5d$ & improv$ s9ce ! ,?ird ,edition 0 publi%$1 ,i h mu* to say on ?is subject4 ,i w divide x into two head+s1 8,tea ,cultivation0 & 8,tea ,manufacture40 ,( c\rse ! ma*9es = ! la/ f> outnumb] ! fir/1 :i* are v few1 b mu* ( great importance to ! indu/ry w f9d its place "u ! fir/ head+-- ,ma*9]y & ,implem5ts = ,tea ,cultivation4 ,=m]ly1 ) prices z !y rul$1 ,tea paid "u mo/ circum/ances4 ,x is n s n[4 ,unless ,tea1 & good ,tea1 c be made *eap x is hopeless to look = pr(it f a ,tea g>d54 ,to cultivate *eaply1 & effici5tly1 is !re=e all important 7f> m important ?an has hi!rto be5 recogniz$71 & assur$ly ! m ma*9]y c be made to take ! place ( h& lab\r1 ! soon] %all we atta9 t end4 ,on ?is po9t ,i ne$ only obs]ve t 9 mo/ ( ! ,tea di/ricts 9 ,india lab\r has to be import$ at a great co/1 v>y+ f ,rs4 #ej to ,rs4 #ajj p] coolie1 & any?+ :i* w\ld less5 ?is want w\ld mat]ially help to success4 ,! foll[+1 sign$ 8,nil ,desp]&um10 appe>$ 9 ! ,tea ,gazette 9 ,augu/1 #ahha4 ,i q agree ) ! writ] & h myself (t5 express$ ! same op9ions3-- ,,pl\gh+ ,,& ,,hoe+ ,,ma*9]y4 ,de> ,sir1--,on look+ ov] y\r columns ,i h be5 surpris$ to see ! small att5tion paid to agricultural ma*9]y3 9 fact1 ,i c't f9d ! subject m5tion$1 al?\gh "o w\ld imag9e x 0 z important if n m s ?an manufactur+ ma*9]y4 ,v>i\s agricultural in/rum5ts1 su* z pl\ghs1 c41 h1 ,i "k1 be5 tri$ 9 old times1 & n ) ! be/ results to ! bu%es2 b !re is no reason :y1 because ! ord9>y ma*9es h fail$1 t plant]s %\ld be sunk 9 ! belief t t co/ly article ! coolie mu/ endure z long z ,tea does4#id ,i w n[ consid] ! cultivation implem5ts ,i "k (4 99 99 99 99 99 ,plant+ ,pots4--,^! are made ( clay1 c[ dung1 & cut /raw4 ,!y are plac$ 9 ! nurs]ies & ! ,tea se$ plant$ 9 !m4 ,:5 ! se$l+s are big en\gh to put out1 pot & all is buri$ :]e ! ,tea bu% is to be4 ,! pot be+ brok5 a little :5 plac$ 9 ! gr\nd1 ! ra9 soon de/roys x4 ,! se$l+ does n "k x has be5 transplant$1 & ! *eck ( six weeks or m1 exp]i5c$ by all transplants1 is entirely avoid$4 ,i "k n :o inv5t$ ! pots1 b ! idea is an excell5t "o4 ,jeb5s ,transplant]4--,?is is an implem5t = lift+ se$l+s )\t injur+ ! rootlets or di/urb+ ! soil ar\nd !m4 ,x is notic$ at page #gi fav\rably3 s9ce t "t 7#ahgh7 x has be5 us$ m or less 9 all ,tea di/ricts4 ,i h se5 _m op9ions bo? = & aga9/ x4 ,i believe ! tru? is x works v well 9 light soil1 & ) smalli% se$l+s1 b does n answ] 9 h>d soil or ) plants above #b-a_/b feet high4 ,:]e ! soil & size ( se$l+s are suitable1 x c]ta9ly saves mu* ( ! *eck exp]i5c$ o!rwise by transplants4 ,i "k ( no o!r peculi> implem5ts = ,tea cultivation4 ,! greate/ exp5se connect$ ) cultivation is1 naturally1 op5+ ! soil or digg+2 ! spade is nev] us$ 9 ,india & w\ld n answ]4 ,coolies dig ) a kodali1 a ?+ some?+ l a spade1 ) ! h&le set at "r angles to ! blade4 ,c\ld we disp5se ) ?is1 & cultivate betwe5 ! l9es ( ,tea ) pl\ghs ( any suitable patt]n1 :e!r work$ by /eam or animal p[]1 an enorm\s sav+ w\ld be effect$4 ,i am sure ! :ole space betwe5 two l9es ( ,tea c nev] be s done1 r\nd ea* & e bu% ! soil mu/ be op5$ by h&2 b ! c5tre space1 say ab\t #b-a_/b to #c feet1 c\ld1 ,i am conv9c$1 be s work$1 & ,i ?9k x is only a "q ( "t :5 x w be s treat$4 ,! plant+ community are gradually appreciat+ ! fact t some?+ may be done 9 ?is way4 ,! foll[+ appe>$ 9 ! ,tea ,gazette1 end ( #ahha1 re pl\gh+ by /eam3-- ,,pl\gh+ v4 ,,hoe+4 ,de> ,sir1--,i am glad to see by ! lett] ( a 8,man 9 ! ,kundah0 t "s manag]s h tak5 up ! idea ( pl\gh+ in/ead ( hoe+4 ,x is an idea :i* ,i h be5 d9n+ into ! e>s ( ,tea plant]s ev] s9ce ,i saw a ,tea g>d54 ,mr4 ,lyell des]ves cr$it1 & s w ev]yone :o assi/s to introduce pl\gh+ in/ead ( hoe+4 ,! sav+ ( lab\r w\ld be imm5se4 ,! g5tlem5 :o are int]e/$ 9 ! subject w be glad to le>n t ,i wrote home la/ mon? to sev]al lead+ agricultural ma*9]y p ask+ ! fulle/ p>ticul>s z to /eam pl\gh+ ma*9]y1 ) a view to see+ h[ f> suitable x w\ld be = ,tea cultivation4 ,z soon z all my in=mation arrives1 & ,i h ?\ght ! matt] out1 ,i w give ! plant+ community my op9ion4 ,i h1 z f> z ,i am p]sonally conc]n$1 already =m$ x1 & am confid5t t at no v di/ant date ! /eam pl\gh w sup]s$e ! dhang> or o!r h& lab\r4 ,b ( c\rse ,i mu/ make out a /rong case = x1 or my op9ions w\ld be suppos$ to arise f a pr(essional pr$ilection = ma*9]y4 ,f4 ,siligoorie1 #bg? ,novemb]1 #ahhb4 ,aga91 8,nil ,desp]&um10 quot$ above1 cont9ues3-- ,i enclose a report on ,d>by's ,digg] f ! ,times & ,pione]1 :i* %[s t x is an in/rum5t possess+ ! pr9ciple we require 9 deep hoe+1 viz41 turn+ ! e>? completely ov]1 & br++ ! subsoil to ! surface1 al?\gh ( c\rse f> too unwieldy1 co/ly1 & weighty to be us$ 9 ,tea4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ! fir/ /ep 9 ! "r direction1 z x closely copies spade action2 & we may hope t be=e long a ma*9e ) t pr9ciple1 & capable ( be+ work$ 9 a ,tea khet1 w be br\ght out4 ,= light hoe+1 la/ cold wea!r ,i procur$ f ,messrs4 ,vipan & ,headly1 ,*ur* ,gate1 ,leice/]1 ,engl&1 two exp&+ horse hoes1 :i* ,i work$ all ! hot wea!r1 & :i* did _! "w admirably & at a mu* *eap] rate ?an c be done by h& lab\r4 ,two ( ^! hoes hoe a #ab-;acre khet 9 six days up ! l9es ( ,tea & across !m1 b to make a ?or\gh job x is bett] to g ov] ! "w aga94 ,! total co/ ( ?is3-- ,plant$ #d #d ,pay ( boy & man #ab days #c #f #j ,= "o hoe ,food ( bullocks #d z4 p] diem1 ,b>ley #bd p] ,rupee #b #j #j ------- ,co/ ( light hoe+ #ab-;acre khet #e #f #j #b ------- ,aga9/ #aj #ab #j ,nirrikh = #acf bild>s1 light hoe+1 #bdj spaces1 #d #d1 p] diem #j-b-i ea* #bc #f #j ,or a sav+ ( m ?an #ajj p] c5t4 ,i gave "o #ab-;acre khet f\r ( ^! light hoe+s dur+ ! hot wea!r1 :i* s ?or\ghly de/roy$ ! grass se$s t1 al?\gh heavy ra9 has fall5 "h = ! la/ mon? & a-half1 ! grass 9 ?is khet is ?9 & n m ?an #f high1 a fact :i*1 to ^? :o "k h[ ! jungle spr+s up 9 cultivat$ gr\nd 9 ! ,doon :5 ! ra9s set 91 w be a suffici5t pro( ( ! success ( ^! in/rum5ts4 ,! frame ( ! hoe is only #g high1 & :5 ! blades are buri$ 9 ! gr\nd is only #d1 & z ! h&le projects f ! c5tre ( ! back ( ! hoe & n f ! sides1 !re is no dang] ( ! bu%es be+ injur$4 ,! hoe w exp& f #ad to #bj at back1 & f #c to #g 9 front2 & z ! /&>ds ( ! blades are curv$ outw>ds1 ! hoe 9 its greate/ expansion cultivates a bread? ( #bg ( gr\nd4 ,i f\nd t "o bullock 0 too weak to drag a hoe1 al?\gh a good pony 0 q equal to ! "w1 s put 9 a pair ( bullocks4 ,! bullocks & hoe take up betwe5 !m ?ree r[s ( ,tea at once1 ! bullocks on ea* outside r[ & ! hoe 9 ! c5tre "o4 ,a boy walk+ up ! c5tre r[ leads ! bullocks1 :i* are h>ness$ to ! hoe 9 ! same mann] z bullocks are h>ness$ to ! c\ntry pl\ghs1 b ) long] julas ( c\rse4 ,^! hoes are1 ,i f9d1 useless dur+ wet wea!r1 z !y clog dreadfully1 b dur+ hot dry wea!r !y are invaluable4 ,:at we n[ want is a ma*9e t1 ei!r by bullock1 horse1 or /eam p[]1 w d our deep hoe+ z well z ! light hoe does ! light hoe+4 ,?is is a matt] :i* ,i consid] ( vital int]e/ to own]s & %>ehold]s1 z1 unless 9 ^! days ( v l[ prices we c r$uce ! co/ ( production consid]ably1 we _c hope t ,tea w pay a fair int]e/ on ! money exp5d$1 & great l5g? ( "t lo/ 9 gett+ up a g>d54 ,,nil ,,desp]&um4 ,9 ! above1 two bullocks to drag ! pl\gh or digg] are evid5tly contemplat$4 ,my exp]i5ce is1 t two draught cattle _c be us$1 simply because !re is n room = !m betwe5 ! l9es ( ,tea4#ie ,if animal p[] is us$1 x mu/ be a s+le bullock alone4 ,h[ to h>ness a s+le bullock to ! pl\gh is ! "q4 ,a coll> ) a h+e bel[1 :i* all[s x to op5 at top1 may be put on f bel[1 & !n ! sides fa/5$ toge!r at ! top4 ,b ,i advise ano!r plan1 :i* ,i h se5 mo/ successfully practis$ 9 ,au/ria4 ,! traces1 jo9+ toge!r1 & ?us becom+ "o beh9d ! bullock1 are fa/5$ to ! horns1 & tightly connect$ ) a lea!r pad across ! animal's =ehead4 ,! bullock ?us pulls by 8 head1 & ,i am sure he c pull 9 no m effici5t or easi] way to himself4 ,bullocks 9 pairs1 or s+ly1 are ?us h>ness$ = pl\gh "w 9 ,au/ria1 & ,i h se5 s+le animals dragg+ pl\ghs ( mu* great] weight & p[] ?an we %\ld require 9 our ,tea g>d5s4 ,giv5 a prop] pl\gh1 & ,i feel sure a l>ge /rong bullock ?us h>ness$ w\ld be successful4 ,a really good ,tea g>d5 pl\gh has yet to be inv5t$4 ,all t is necess>y is to give "s agricultural ma*9i/s "h at home ! conditions necess>y = success1 & ,i pr$ict :at we want w\ld be soon =?com+4 ,i w myself try to d s1 let o!rs d ! same2 "o ( u is sure to succe$4 ,i give all ^! extracts to %[ t _m ?9k z ,i d4 ,cultivation ) pl\ghs ( any k9d c nev] be feasible except on flat l&4 ,! hill g>d5s 9 ,india mu/ 9 no case hope to introduce x2 b ,i s9c]ely tru/ ! plant]s 9 ,india :o own level g>d5s w n re/ till !y h solv$ ! problem1 & t ,messrs4 ,k9mond1 ,jackson1 & o!r inv5tors ( ,tea ma*9]y w give _! valuable aid4 ,! foll[+ two lett]s f ! ,tea ,gazette %[ ! difficulties to be enc\nt]$ 9 /eam cultivation3-- ,,/eam ,,cultivation ,,= ,,tea4 ,sir1--,z promis$ 9 y\r la/ issue1 ,i n[ write to say t ,i h receiv$ f ,engl& ! catalogues & price li/s ( ,messrs4 ,h[>d1 ( ,b$=d1 ,messrs4 ,b>=d & ,p]k9s1 & o!r mak]s ( /eam pl\gh+ ma*9]y4 ,messrs4 ,h[>d seem to ?9k t ! greate/ difficulty w\ld be 9 lift+ ! return rope ov] ! bu%es4 ,?is w\ld be c]ta9ly a difficulty1 b ! idea ( /eam cultivation = ,tea is s valuable t x is well wor? :ile ?9k+ ?is out4 ,i w 9 y\r fir/ issue = ,janu>y give a resum ( all ! in=mation glean$ f ! illu/rat$ catalogues & ! lett]s f ! eng9e]s at home on ! subject ( /eam pl\gh+1 & w !n be glad to co-op]ate ) any g5tlem5 int]e/$ 9 ,tea by giv+ my pr(essional op9ion & assi/ance )\t fee 9 endeav\r+ to solve ?is matt]4 ,i tru/1 %\ld ,i ev] h to write ano!r s]ies ( articles on ,tea ma*9]y = ! ,tea ,gazette1 ! /eam pl\gh may figure z "o ( ! ma*9es :i* ,i w h to describe z 9 use on ,tea g>d5s4 ,mean:ile ! pr9cipal difficulty 9 ! way seems to be ! %ift+ ( ! long wire pull+ rope ov] ! r[ ( bu%es4 ,let ^? int]e/$ 9 ! subject try to devise a spe$y & economical me?od ( do+ ?is4--,y\rs1 c41 ,c4 ,b4 ,,f]gus1 ,c4,e4 ,siligori1 #ag? ,decemb]1 #ahhb4 ,,z ,,to ,,/eam-,,pl\gh+ ,,on ,,tea ,,g>d5s4 ,sir1--,z promis$1 ,i give y a lett] reg>d+ ! "q z to :e!r /eam-pl\gh+ c\ld be :olly or p>tially introduc$ z a sub/itute = manual lab\r 9 ,tea g>d5s4 ,i h be5 9 communication ) sev]al ( ! lead+ mak]s ( /eam-pl\gh+ ma*9]y 9 ,engl&1 b notably ) ,messrs4 ,h[>d1 ( ,b$=d1 & ,messrs4 ,b>=d & ,p]k9s1 ( ,pet]bor\gh4 ,^! g5tlem5 =w>d$ me _! illu/rat$ catalogues 9 duplicate1 "o set ( :i* ,i s5t to y4 ,! fir/ "q t ensues 9 reg>d to ! subject is1 8,w\ld x pay1 ev5 if f\nd feasible80 ,9 ,assam1 ,ca*>1 ,sylhet & o!r places1 :]e lab\r is sc>ce1 x is probable t ! introduction ( /eam cultivation w\ld be a great boon to ! ,tea plant]4 ,! fir/ co/ ( a /eam-pl\gh+ app>atus ) ropes1 pl\gh1 & ev]y?+ complete z 9 use 9 ,engl& on :at is call$ ! 8s+le sy/em10 t is1 work+ ) only "o eng9e1 is ab\t #iej4 ,?is is heavy1 b z a mu* light] cultivator w\ld be us$ = ,tea1 ,i ?9k ! co/ might be r$uc$ to #hjj--say ,rs4 #aj1jjj on ! g>d54 ,"u mod]ately fav\rable circum/ances ! ma*9]y1 mak+ all all[ances = native att5dants1 & ! usual difficulties we h to enc\nt] 9 ,india ?r\gh _! laz9ess & /upidity1 %\ld cultivate #hjj to #a1jjj acres p] mon? ( tw5ty work+ days4 ,! rema9+ t5 days might be occupi$ 9 ! ra9s by tak+ ! eng9e & ge> f place to place :]e x might be requir$2 =1 z ! exp5se ( a /eam-pl\gh+ eng9e & app>atus w\ld be too mu* = any conc]n1 except a v l>ge "o1 to be>1 ,i sugge/ t two1 ?ree1 or f\r g>d5s unite & pur*ase "o4 ,!re ne$ be no cla%+ or qu>rell+ ab\t t]ms at ! end ( ! season3 ea* %\ld pay 8 %>e ( ! co/ ( fuel1 up-keep1 wages1 c41 accord+ to ! numb] ( days x 0 on ea* g>d54 ,x w\ld ?us be to ! int]e/ ( ea* manag] to =w>d x on to ! man ^: turn 0 next1 )\t delay4 ,rememb]1 please1 t 9 say+ t x w\ld cultivate s _m acres 9 su* a "t1 ,i mean t x w\ld cultivate two ways--t is up & d[n & across4 ,!re w\ld rema9 a little h&-hoe+1 c41 r\nd ! inn] "p ( ! roots ( ! bu%es1 b n mu*1 z ! cultivator ,i w\ld design w\ld g p>tly und]nea? ! lat]als & /ill n hurt ! roots1 ! out] l9es be+ mu* %ort] ?an ! inn] ones4 ,n[ x is a simple matt] to calculate1 accord+ to ! rates ( ! di/rict 9 :i* ! read] may be1 ! comp>ative co/ ( cultivat+ #a1jjj acres ( ,tea by h& & by ! /eam-pl\gh4 ,! pl\gh w\ld be work$ = ,tea by an #h-;,h4 ,p4 portable eng9e ( any mak]'s manufacture4 ,wages = "o eng9eman1 "o cooly to cut wood1 possibly "o pair bullocks & c>t-driv] to br+ b>rels ( wat]1 two coolies to %ift ! an*ors1 & two m to assi/ !m 7possibly7 9 %ift+ ! rope1 add$ to ! co/ ( fuel1 & #ae p] c5t4 p] annum add$ = repairs & det]ioration1 seems to be ! co/ ( work+4 ,?is w\ld be less5$ by ! rope & an*or-m5 & ! woodcutt] on ! days :5 ! pl\gh 0 n at "w4 ,add1 h[ev]1 ! co/ ( elephants or bullocks to take ! eng9e1 c41 f g>d5 to g>d51 & ,i ?9k x w be f\nd t ! sav+ 9 exp5se w\ld be v great on ! side ( ! /eam-pl\gh z reg>ds cooly lab\r4 ,n[1 z to ! feasibility ( ! s*eme4 ,x is difficult1 )\t ! aid ( plates1 to describe h[ /eam-pl\gh+ is done4 ,! eng9e rema9s /ation>y at "o corn] ( ! field4 ,ne> x is a l>ge d\ble w9dlass1 :i*1 :5 ! cultivator is at "w1 w9ds up ! dragg+ rope ) "o b>rel ( ! w9dlass1 :il/ f ! o!r ! rope is uncoil+1 :i* w drag ! pl\gh d[n ! next furr[4 ,:5 ! pl\gh comes to ! end ( ! furr[1 two m51 "o at ea* end ( ! rope1 %ift ! an*ors1 on :i* are ! pulleys r\nd :i* ! rope runs3 "o furr[ bread? =w>d ! pl\gh is d\ble1 "o set ( c\lt]s & %e>s be+ at "w1 :ile ! o!r set is tilt$ up 9 ! air by ! weight ( a man :o sits on & guides ! pl\gh4 ,:5 ! pl\gh is to return x is n turn$ r\nd1 b ! man simply tilts up into ! air ! set ( pl\ghs t h done _! "w1 & br+s d[n ! o!rs4 ,( c\rse pl\ghs l ?is w\ld n d = ,tea3 a special cultivator w\ld be ne$$4 ,at ! end ( ! furr[ ! motion ( ! w9dlass is rev]s$1 & ! drag rope becomes 9 its turn ! foll[+ rope4 ,9 ,engl& !re is an +5i\s me*anical contrivance = %ift+ ! an*ors1 :i* does away ) two m51 z x works automatically4 ,n[ ! greate/ difficulty 9 ! :ole matt]1 w be be/ expla9$ to ! read] 9 ,messrs4 ,h[>d's own language 9 _! lett] to me4 ,!y say3-- 8,! ob/acle to ! use ( /eam-pl\ghs ?r\gh r[s ( bu%es or trees is ! practical difficulty ( br++ ! slack or foll[+ rope into position = foll[+ ! implem5t back on its return j\rney4 ,! rope _c be lift$ ov] ! int]v5+ r[ ( bu%es1 & to employ draught animals to take ! rope up ! next alley betwe5 ! bu%es w\ld add to ! exp5se ( ! "w1 & w\ld imp$e x40 ,!y cont9ue3 8,if x is important t ! l& be brok5 up to a dep? ( #i in*es1 & ! ob/acles to effect+ ?is by animal p[] are practically insup]able1 ! /eam pl\gh work$ on ! s+le sy/em1 ) animals to convey ! slack f end to end ( ! l&1 w\ld probably be ! mo/ effectual & economical me?od ( work+40 ,n[ if ?is difficulty c\ld be ov]come 7& ,i confess x is a r =midable "o71 ,i q believe t on fairly /raight l&1 ev5 if some:at slop+1 ) /raight r[s ( bu%es1 & ! l& cle> ( /umps1 /eam cultivation w\ld be easy4 ,on hill g>d5s1 or g>d5s :]e ! ,tea is irregul>ly plant$1 on gr\nd mu* trav]s$ by nullahs or hav+ /umps left 91 ! /eam cultivator c\ld n "w4 ,!re may be "s me?od ( lift+ ! rope ov] ! bu%es4 ,coolies might be /ation$ at int]vals along ! r[1 & ) ! aid ( a v light block & tackle might hoi/ long bights ( ! rope high en\gh to cle> ! bu%es4 ,! block & tackle w\ld be fa/5$ to ! top ( a light pole4 ,"o man w\ld hold ! pole :ile ! o!r hove up1 & 7! pole be+ midway betwe5 ! two r[s7 might incl9e x ov] till above ! next r[ & !n l[] away4 ,a /rong #aj ft4 bamboo1 a pair ( light wood5 blocks1 & an in* & a half ,manilla rope1 w\ld be all t w\ld be requisite4 ,o!r projects = effect+ ?is may /rike "s ( y\r read]s1 & :at ,i want is1 t ^? :o may ?9k ! idea ( /eam-pl\gh+ ( any value %\ld co-op]ate toge!r to "w x out 9 a practical =m3 ,i w give e assi/ance 9 my p[]4 ,we c sc>cely hope1 9 ! pres5t depress$ /ate ( ! ,tea m>ket1 t proprietors w club toge!r to subscribe to br+ out a set ( /eam cultivat+ app>atus 9 ord] to in/itute exp]im5ts on ! subject4 ,%\ld #ahhc br+ bett] times1 some?+ ( ! sort might be done1 & x is z well to h ! matt] well ?\ght out & discuss$ be=eh&1 s t %\ld a s]ies ( exp]im5ts take place1 p w\ld be prep>$ = any cont+5cies :i* might arise1 & p]haps be bett] prep>$ to ov]come ^! difficulties ?r\gh ! matt] hav+ be5 previ\sly well discuss$4 ,x is n[ ! season = op5+ out ,tea g>d5s1 & "o piece ( advice ,i w\ld give to plant]s--t is ?is4 ,x is q possible t /eam pl\gh+ = ,tea cultivation is a ?+ ( ! future1 or may be ne>] ?an y imag9e3 !re=e be c>eful to h y\r l9es ( ,tea v /raight1 bo? along & across1 s t !re w\ld be no ob/acle to ! pl\gh or cultivator work+4 ,if y object to ! exp5se ( tak+ out /umps1 !y may rema9 91 z !y c\ld be tak5 out aft]w>ds4 ,i tru/ y\r read]s1 ,mr4 ,editor1 w n view ?is subject ) indiff]5ce1 b w co-op]ate 9 endeav\r+ to solve ! problem4--,i am y\rs fai?fully1 8,,tea ,,ma*9]y40 ,?\gh ! signatures diff]1 ,i conceive ,mr4 ,c4 ,b4 ,f]gus1 ,c4,e41 wrote ! second z well z ! fir/4 ,he has evid5tly pond]$ ! matt] well4 ,let o!rs d s too1 & ,i =etell t ! day is n f> di/ant :5 flat ,tea g>d5s w1 9 a great measure1 be cultivat$ by /eam or animal p[]4 ,:5 ?is is s1 ev5 #h annas 7say #aj;d47 p] lb4 = our ,tea all r\nd %\ld pay u well4 ,tea ,manufactur+ ,ma*9]y4 ,! processes 9 ,tea manufacture1 z g5]ally practis$ 9 ,india to-day1 are-- #a4 ,pluck+4 #b4 ,)]+4 #c4 ,sort+ gre5 leaf 9 a measure1 & sep>ation ( ,pekoe ,tips4 #d4 ,roll+4 #e4 ,f]m5t+4 #f4 ,dry+ or fir+4 #g4 ,sort+4 #h4 ,f9al heat+ be=e pack+4 ,no4 #c is n always done1 ! o!rs inv>iably4 ,i w consid] ! ma*9es inv5t$ = ea* process1 9 ! ord] ( ! said processes4 ,pluck+4--,no ma*9e has ev] be5 inv5t$ = ?is1 & ,i d n ?9k any is possible4 ,)]+4--,9 any b cont9u$ wet wea!r no artificial means are necess>y4 ,! leaf1 spread ?9ly & expos$ to ! action ( ! air bel[ & ar\nd 7=m] atta9$ by any k9d ( me%71 )]s p]fectly4#if ,9 cont9u$ wet wea!r artificial means are sometimes requir$4 ,! v>i\s ,dry]s 9 use 7see fur!r on7 are sometimes suppos$ to furni% ! means1 b _! use necessitates mu* lab\r1 nor is ! result satisfactory4 ,a good )]+ ma*9e 7x mu/ be on a l>ge scale7 might1 ,i ?9k1 be easily inv5t$2 !re is none at pres5t4 ,:y d none ( ! inv5tors ( o!r ,tea ma*9]y try to succe$ 9 ?is8 ,sort+ ,gre5 ,leaf4--,?is is sometimes attempt$ 9 a r\gh way by ! use ( sieves ( diff]5t me%es4 ,to sep>ate ! f9e f ! co>se leaf1 & 9 "s cases to elim9ate ! ,pekoe tips1 is ! object4 ,a ma*9e by ,john ,greig & ,co41 ( ,ed9burgh1 pr(esses to d ! latt]4 ,i h nev] se5 x1 b ,i d\bt any ma*9e ab/ract+ ! ,pekoe tips alone4 ,a ma*9e :i* w\ld1 h[ev]1 sep>ate ! f9e f ! co>se leaf previ\s to roll+ is1 ,i ?9k1 q feasible1 & x w\ld conduce mu* to good ,tea4 ,?is1 aga91 is an op5+ = inv5tors4 ,roll+4--,?is is p]haps ! mo/ important ( all processes 9 ,tea manufacture4 ,! object ( x is to break ! cells 9 ! ,tea & lib]ate ! sap 7f]m5tation c\ld n take place o!rwise71 & fur!r to give a tight roll or twi/ to ! leaf4 ,=m]ly ?is 0 always done by h& 7x is s done 9 ,*9a1 ,i believe1 to ?is day71 b ! process 0 l5g?y1 exp5sive & dirty4 ,i might p]haps add ineffici5t1 = d\btless ma*9e-roll$ ,tea is bett] done 7bett] 9 appe>ance1 bett] 9 liquor7 ?an h&-roll$4 ,i w n[ consid]-- ,tea ,roll+ ,ma*9es4 ,! inv5tors are ,jackson1 ,k9mond1 ,hawor?1 ,lyle1 ,greig & ,?ompson4 ,!re may be o!rs1 b ,i h n he>d ( !m4 ,jackson has inv5t$ five ma*9es4 ,! details ( ea*1 h[ mu* ea* c d1 ! te/imonials reg>d+ !m1 c41 w\ld fill _m pages4 ,all c be se5 9 ! illu/rat$ catalogue he supplies1 s ,i w only (f] a few g5]al rem>ks4 ,all plant]s "k ,jackson's roll]s1 & !y are held 9 high e/imation4 ,8 la/ inv5tion 7if ,i mi/ake n7 is ! ,rot>y ,tea ,roll]1 :i* is on q a diff]5t pr9ciple to ! o!rs4 ,x consi/s ( an elongat$ revolv+ b>rel or cyl9d]1 ) a polygonal int]nal surface1 & a roll] ) a flut$ ext]nal surface1 m\nt$ )9 ! said b>rel its :ole l5g?4 ,^! revolve 9 opposite directions 7! roll] ! quick]7 & ! leaf is roll$ 9 ! annulus betwe54 ,x is n yet kn[n :at ! success ( ?is la/ inv5tion w be4 ,n s ) 8 ,cross-action & ,excelsior ,roll]s4 ,^! are fir/-rate ma*9es1 & all :o h tri$ speak well ( !m4 ,k9mond inv5t$ ! fir/ ,tea roll] 7see page #aag71 _m ye>s ago4 ,_m improvem5ts result$1 ev5tually1 9 8 8,improv$ ,d\ble ,action ,tea ,roll]10 :i* is a v good ma*9e & has giv5 satisfaction to ! _m :o h us$ x4 ,f all ,i h he>d & se51 h[ev]1 ,i d\bt if1 take x all 9 all1 x is equal to ,jackson's ,cross ,action ,excelsior4 ,k9mond1 "s two ye>s ago1 inv5t$ a 8,c5trifugal ,roll]40 ,x 0 made 9 two sizes4 ,! small] seems to h done well1 n s ! l>g]2 "o ( ! latt] on ! ,phoolb>ry g>d5 79 :i* ,i am int]e/$7 has prov$ a failure4 ,b ,mr4 ,k9mond has q lately mat]ially alt]$ ! said ,c5trifugal ma*9es1 & is confid5t t !y w d well4 ,he is n[ leav+ = ,india ) "o1 & anticipates good results4 ,tea ma*9]y is /ill s mu* 9 its infancy t ! be/ ma*9es are likely to be improv$ ^u1 & p]haps sup]s$$ by o!rs1 b z ?+s are n[1 ,i ?9k1 ?\gh "s d n agree ) me1 t ,jackson has c>ri$ (f ! palm 9 roll]s4 ,! foll[+ two lett]s on roll]s appe>$ 9 ! ,tea ,gazette1 & are well wor? att5tion3-- ,,k9mond',s ,,improv$ ,,pat5t ,,d\ble ,,action ,,tea ,,roll+ ,,ma*9e4 ,sir1--,y h s repeat$ly ask$ plant]s to supply y ) in=mation reg>d+ 8,tea ma*9]y0 t x is a matt] ( surprise to me y h n be5 flood$ ) lett]s on ! subject4 ,i "k v little ab\t ,tea ma*9]y1 z ,i am n an eng9e]1 b ,i gladly contribute my quota ( k on ! subject4 ,i h be5 roll+ leaf = "s "t pa/ 9 "o ( ,k9mond's old ma*9es1 /yl$ 8 8,improv$ ,pat5t ,d\ble ,action ,tea ,roll+ ,ma*9e40 ,a ma*9e = f9e leaf ,i d n believe !re is 9 exi/5ce4 ,i h se5 sev]al ma*9es at "w on diff]5t factories1 & ,i %\ld say = f9e leaf ?is ma*9e ( ,k9mond's _c be beat4#ig ,a few improvem5ts c\ld no d\bt be made1 & ,i feel sure ,mr4 ,k9mond himself is aw>e ( ?is1 & is q compet5t to make !m4 ,i h se5 ,mr4 ,k9mond's 8,comp\nd ,action ,c5trifugal0 at "w4 ,i d n consid] x a success4 ,x c]ta9ly _c hold a c&le to 8 8,pat5t ,d\ble ,action40 ,i w\ld /rongly recomm5d ,mr4 ,k9mond to improve ! latt]1 & =ego ! =m]1 unless he c make "s v mat]ial alt]ations to x4 ,! roll f ! 8,c5trifugal0 comes out hot & flat1 :]eas t f 8 8,pat5t ,d\ble ,action0 is turn$ out n only p]fectly cool1 b has a p]fect twi/4#ih ,= co>se leaf1 ,jackson's 8,excelsior0 is a spl5did ma*9e4 ,i %\ld say a factory c\ld n want two bett] ma*9es ?an "o ( ,k9mond's 8,pat5t ,d\ble ,action0 & "o ( ,jackson's 8,excelsior0 ,roll]s--! =m] = f9e1 ! latt] = co>se leaf4 ,w "s ( my bro!r plant]s k9dly give _! exp]i5ce1 & ?us fur!r enlight5 an anxi\s ,,enquir]4 ,,tea ,,roll+ ,,ma*9]y4 ,de> ,sir1--,i w be glad if "s ( y\r num]\s read]s w k9dly furni% results ( trials1 or ( exp]i5ce1 ( ,k9mond's ,comp\nd ,action ,c5trifugal ,tea ,roll+ ,ma*9e4 ,i h tri$ x repeat$ly1 & f9d x n only heats ! gre5 leaf a great deal too mu*1 b 9 addition cuts1 ,i may say into m9cemeat1 ab\t #e ( ! leaf 9 ! process ( roll+4 ,i am n an eng9e]1 & !re=e _c /ate = c]ta9 :]e ! fault lies1 b ,i fancy ! ribs ( ! two revolv+ plates are some:at at fault4 ,if !y 7 broad] & bold]1 ! ma*9e might1 p]haps1 be a bett] success4 ,! gre5 leaf does n come out suffici5tly roll$4 ,! major portion ( ! roll is too flat4 ,p]haps ,mr4 ,k9mond w k9dly help by giv+ a h9t or two to a p]plex$ ,tea-h\se 8,,assi/ant40 ,hawor?'s ,roll]4--,?is ma*9e 0 inv5t$ long ago4 ,! leaf is plac$ 9 bags & s roll$4 ,9 "s respects ! ma*9e resembles a mangle4 ,x has n be5 l>gely us$1 & ?us is n mu* kn[n4 ,i h no p]sonal exp]i5ce ( its wor?1 b h he>d mu* ( x f an old fri5d ( m9e1 ,mr4 ,c>t]1 ( ! ,*&pore ,tea ,e/ate1 ,*ittagong4 ,he has1 ,i believe1 _h "o f ! fir/ on 8 plantation1 & ?9ks v well ( x4 ,mr4 ,c>t] is a fir/-rate judge on all ,tea matt]s4 ,he conduct$ "s exp]im5ts to te/ ! value ( ,tea roll$ by ,jackson's & ,hawor?'s ,roll]s1 & did x ) great c>e1 t ! quality ( leaf1 ! )]+1 ! dry+1 all b ! two modes ( roll+ %\ld be exactly ! same4 ,! samples 7 !n s5t to ,calcutta & valu$4 ,results z bel[3-- ,messrs4 ,c>ritt & ,co4's report on ! samples is dat$ ,calcutta1 #bi? ,octob]1 #ahha1 viz43-- ,*&pore leaf roll$ by ,hawor?'s ma*9e3--,l>ge irregul> op5 unassort$ leaf1 brisk1 fair flav\r1 little /rong--,re4 #j-i-i4 ,*&pore leaf roll$ by ,jackson's ma*9e3--,leaf pref]able1 clos] roll$1 liquor inf]ior1 n v /rong--,re4 #j-i-j4 ,sungoo leaf roll$ by ,hawor?'s ma*9e3--,r l>ge irregul> loosely twi/$ unassort$ leaf1 flav\ry1 little brisk--,re4 #j-i-c4 ,sungoo leaf roll$ by ,jackson's ma*9e3--,leaf little pref]able1 liquor inf]ior1 want+ briskness--,re4 #j-h-i4 ,by above x appe>s ,hawor?'s gave bett] liquor1 & ,jackson's ! be/ ,tea 9 appe>ance4 ,f all ,i h he>d ,i ?9k x likely ,hawor?'s roll] has n receiv$ ! att5tion x des]ves4 ,lyle's ,roll]4--,i h nev] se5 ?is4 ,f ! draw+ be=e me x has no resemblance to o!r roll]s4 ,! inv5tor claims = x simplicity1 *eapness1 /r5g?1 durability1 good roll+1 & l>ge outturn ) a m9imum ( lab\r4 ,"o te/imonial ,i h se5 speaks v highly ( its capabilities4 ,greig's ,roll]4--,?is ,i h n se5 or he>d (4 ,i c only give ! description s5t me by ! inv5tor3-- ,! ,greig ,l9k & ,lev] ,tea ,roll+ ,ma*9e1 work$ by "o man1 & suitable = roll+ ! f9e/ nibs )\t break+ !m1 or to cru% ! co>se/ leaf into brok5 black at w4 ,x c roll a l>ge or small quantity equally well4 ,price #gj1 deliv]$ 9 ,ed9burgh4 ,small size suitable = cattle ge>1 #de4 ,cattle ge>1 #bj1 deliv]$ 9 ,ed9burgh4 ,! ,calcutta ,ag5t ( ! ,luckea ,m\ng ,lung ,tea ,e/ate1 ,sonada1 ,d>jeel+1 9 s5d+ remittance = a l>ge size ma*9e :i* has be5 work+ !re all ! pa/ season1 says3 8,i am in=m$ ! ma*9e does its "w 9 a mo/ satisfactory mann]1 roll+ bett] ?an by h&3 ,i am pleas$ to h to /ate ?is40 ,?ompson's ,*all5ge ,roll]4--,?is 7q lately inv5t$7 ?\gh giv5 la/ is likely1 by all ,i he>1 to /& well among roll]s4 ,i h no draw+ or description ( x1 b :y ,i ?9k well ( x is t a ,tea eng9e]1 ,mr4 ,ansell1 ( ,kurseong1 :o ?or\ghly und]/&s ,tea ma*9]y1 ?9ks s highly ( ! ma*9e t he has recomm5d$ its pur*ase by ! ,phoolb>ry ,tea ,company4 ,i h e fai? 9 ,mr4 ,ansell's judgm5t1 & feel confid5t !re=e ! ma*9e mu/ be a good "o4 ,"o feature & advantage claim$ = x is1 8free contact ( ! leaf ?r\gh\t ! roll ) ! out] air40 ,i may conclude my rem>ks on roll]s ) a qua9t lett] 7f ,tea ,gazette7 by a native4 ,if he c judge ( ,tea ma*9]y z well z he c write ,engli% 8 op9ion is wor? pres]v+3-- ,,tea ,,roll+ ,,ma*9]y4 ,de> ,sir--,on ! subject ( ,tea-leaf roll+ ma*9]y1 ! 7to all appe>ance7 /rangely opposite results ,i h obta9$ f ma*9es ( ! same make h l$ me to ! foll[+ conclusions1 viz43-- #a4 ,all 8g5uses0 ( ma*9es are equally good4 #b4 ,!re are h>dly two 8species0 ( ! same g5us :i* give simil> results4 #c4 ,*ang+ ! 8fix+s0 ( a ma*9e makes all ! diff]5ce 9 ! _w4 ,ergo a good me*anic w h a good ma*9e :e!r he patronize ,jackson1 ,k9mond1 ,hawor?1 or any o!r inv5tor4 ,i ?9k ) y\r correspond5t 8,a ,voice f ,assam0 t ! ma*9e t gives ! roll quickly1 & 9 a cont9u\s supply1 is ! be/4 ,i w\ld defy any man to prove t any inv5tor has x 8all 8 own way10 = ,i c]ta9ly h n f\nd x s 9 my exp]i5ce4 ,y\rs truly1 ,,kol ,,mi/ry4 ,be=e go+ to press ,i receiv$ draw+ & description ( 8,?ompson's ,*all5ge ,roll]40 ,x is impossible to judge ( its m]its by ! draw+1 b "s v /rong te/imonials are app5d$--"o mu* 9 its fav\r f ,mr4 ,ansell1 ! ,tea eng9e] above m5tion$4 ,by ! te/imonials 7m ?an "o f m5 ,i "k7 ! foll[+ advantages appe> to h be5 obta9$3-- 8,ball+0 ( ! leaf is avoid$4 ,! tips are kept q bright4 ,heat+ prev5t$4 ,simplicity ( 8fe$0 & 8dis*>ge40 ,"o att5dant1 a m9imum ( motive p[]1 & l[ pric$4 ,a good twi/ atta9$4 ,simplicity 9 ! ma*9e1 & ease ( transport & erection4 ,if all ! above are facts1 ,i q ?9k ! 8,*all5ge0 w prove a great success4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! foll[+1 writt5 by me to ! ,tea ,gazette1 may be wor? ! att5tion ( ,tea-roll+ ma*9e inv5tors3-- ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,improv+ ,,! ,,drums ,,& ,,! ,,faces ,,( ,,! ,,roll]s ,,9 ,,tea ,,roll+ ,,ma*9]y4 ,sir1--,! foll[+ idea1 sugge/$ to me by a plant] up "h1 may be practicable or n1 b 9 any case x is wor? lett+ ! pat5tees ( ,tea-roll+ ma*9es "k x4 ,9 days gone by :5 iron work$ 9 contact ) iron on ! faces ( roll]s ! col\r ( ! outturn 7t is ! infus$ ,tea leaves7 0 q de/roy$4 ,t is n[ rem$i$1 b !re is /ill an evil ( less importance4 ,! wood on ! said faces ( ! roll]s absorbs ! sap ( ! leaf1 & unless !y are wa%$ v clean1 ! said old sap is apt to contam9ate1 m or less1 ! new leaf4 ,c\ld n ?is be rectifi$ by mak+ ! faces ( ! roll]s ( porcela9 or iron 7l camp crock]y7 & ! drums ( opaque co>se glass8 ,bo? ^!1 if !y w\ld /&1 c\ld easily be wa%$ q clean4 ,i give ! idea1 giv5 to me1 = :at x is wor?1 & w\ld invite ! op9ion ( o!r plant]s on x4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,d>jeel+1 ,novemb] #aj?1 #ahhj4 ,f]m5t+ is ! next process 9 ! li/4 ,aft] ! leaf is roll$ x is put toge!r2 "s make x up 9 truncat$ balls1 "s put x 9 baskets1 b 9 ei!r case x is all[$ to /& until a giv5 am\nt ( f]m5tation has set 94 ,?is is done 9 ! w>m atmosph]e ( ! factory4 ,naturally no ma*9e is requir$ = ?is process2 b %elves1 at v>y+ height f ! factory floor1 are useful to regulate ! f]m5tation1 inasmu* z ! high] ! %elf ! w>m] ! air1 & w>m? ha/5s ! process4 ,?is plan ( %elves 0 devis$ by ,mr4 ,j4 ,flem+1 at ! ,phoolb>ry ,g>d51 & x seem$ to me to answ] well4 ,dry+ or ,fir+ comes next4 ,up to ?is po9t ! leaf is ( a br[ni% gre5 col\r1 & s(t4 ,aft] ! dry+ x is black & crisp1 9 fact1 made ,tea4 ,by ! dry+ process all ! moi/ure 9 ! mass is driv5 (f4 ,= _m ye>s *>coal only 0 us$ to fire ,tea1 & x 0 an e/abli%$ belief t ! fumes giv5 out by ! said *>coal _h "s *emical effect on ! ,tea--9 fact1 t good ,tea c\ld n be made )\t x4 ,:51 twelve ye>s ago1 ,i publi%$ ! ,fir/ ,edition ( ?is ,essay1 ,i _h begun to d\bt ! s\ndness ( ! above belief1 & f\r ye>s lat] ,i _h ?or\ghly satisfi$ myself ( its fallacy4 ,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 till #ahgg-gh t ,i devis$ a means ( fir+ ,teas )\t *>coal4 ,! inv5tion 0 well receiv$1 & ?\ght well (4 ,at all ev5ts1 x prov$ :at ,i _h long urg$--viz41 t any fuel1 if contact ) ! smoke 0 avoid$1 w\ld dry ,tea4 ,my inv5tion 0 a v crude "o1 & quickly sup]s$$ by f> m p]fect designs2 /ill ,i h ! satisfaction ( kn[+ t on ?is head ,i h done mu* to p]fect ,tea manufacture1 & t ! conviction ,i _h atta9$ to 9 #ahgd is n[ g5]al & practis$ ?r\gh\t ,india4 7,pages #aai-aba1 #bie1 to end ( ,add5da1 be> out ! above rem>ks47 ,i w n[ consid] ! v>i\s ,tea-,dry+ ,ma*9es4 ,rob]tson's ,typhoon4--,?is is a late inv5tion3 x 0 notic$ 9 ! ,tea ,gazette 9 #ahha4 ,x _h1 h[ev]1 made a great noise at end ( #ahhj1 & s well 0 x spok5 (1 _m1 9 ! e>ly "p ( #ahha1 pur*as$ x4 ,! foll[+ 0 ! report z to its m]its 7,tea ,gazette1 ,septemb]1 #ahha73-- ,,rob]tson',s ,,typhoon4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,m4 ,rob]tson1 manag] ( ! ,arcuttipore ,tea ,company's ,g>d5s1 has inv5t$ a new ,tea-dry+ app>atus :i* he has nam$ ! 8,typhoon40 ,a numb] ( ! plant]s ( 8 di/rict met at 8 g>d51 by invitation1 to te/ ! m]its ( 8 ma*9e4 ,we quote ! v]dict record$ by !m 9 _! own words1 & also app5d ! brok]s' report on ! ,teas :i* 7 manufactur$ 9 _! pres5ce dur+ ! trial4 ,! 8,typhoon0 is a simple & inexp5sive con/ruction ( brick & iron1 :i* c be erect$ )\t skill$ lab\r4 ,! heat+ mat]ial us$ is coke1 & ! quantity ( coke requir$ = a maund ( ,tea is /at$ to be "o qu>t] ( a maund4 ,! out-turn f ! 8,typhoon0 we f\nd to be at ! rate ( "o half maund ( ?or\ghly dri$ ,tea p] h\r1 & ! mann] 9 :i* ! "w 0 done 0 to our entire satisfaction1 "s ( u ?9k+ t ! app>atus 0 capable ( do+ m4 ,! inv5tor leads u to und]/& t ! entire co/ ( con/ruction & mat]ial w n be ov] ,rs4 #cjj1 & we d n see t ?is sum ne$ be exce$$4 ,we are unanim\sly ( op9ion t unless ! dry]s at pres5t 9 use are v mat]ially r$uc$ 9 price1 !y w be beat5 (f ! field by ! 8,typhoon40 ,messrs4 ,william ,moran ,co4's report on ! ,teas is z foll[s3-- ,typhoon ,teas4 ,london ,cal4 ,equi4 value4 ,ex4 #a-h-a_/b4 ,pekoe1 v well made leaf1 ) ends1 good brisk flav\r #a #aj #ad ,orange ,pekoe1 v well twi/$ leaf1 good am\nt ( tip1 v good brisk flav\r #b #j #ae-a_/d ,br4 ,pekoe1 leafy black ,br4 ,pekoe1 "s ends /rong #b #a #a ,pekoe ,s\*ong1 well twi/$ leaf1 "s ends good flav\r #a #c #i ,s\*ong1 small good ev5 grey leaf1 brisk #a #a #g-a_/b ,! above are v desirable ,teas z reg>ds leaf & liquor4 ,! foll[+ are "s ( ! *ief features & advantages ( ?is ma*9e3 #a4 ,! l[ co/4 #b4 ,durability1 !re be+ no?+ except ! trays t c suff] f we> & te>4 #c4 ,! small quantity ( fuel requir$--ab\t #a_/d maund ( coke = kut*a fir+ #a maund ( ,tea4 #d4 ,ease 9 /ok+1 ! furnace n requir+ att5tion (t5] ?an once e "o & a-half to two h\rs4 #e4 ,absolute & imm$iate control ov] ! temp]ature1 :i* c be rais$ or l[]$ in/antane\sly4 #f4 ,no 8gett+ up heat0 requir$4 ,9 fifte5 m9utes aft] beg9n+ to light ! fire ! app>atus is ready = "w4 #g4 ,requires no tr\blesome clean+ out4 #h4 ,quantity4 ,! app>atus is capable ( dry+ at lea/ #dj lbs4 an h\r1 & has frequ5tly dri$ ov] #ej lbs4 #i4 ,quality ( ,tea is equal to t obta9$ by any process hi!rto introduc$4 ,( c\rse all ! above 0 v fav\rable1 & its l[ price ga9$ x _m pur*as]s4 ,i ?9k1 z a fir/ success1 x beat any ma*9e yet inv5t$4 ,b1 alas6 its fall 0 sudd5 z its rise1 =1 judg+ f sev]al lett]s 9 ! ,tea ,gazette1 ! pur*as]s 7 n satisfi$ ) its capabilities1 & ,i d\bt consequ5tly if x is n[ manufactur$2 /ill ,i may be wrong4 ,all5's ,tea ,dry+ ,app>atus4--,i h nev] se5 ?is1 & h n he>d mu* ab\t x4 ,advantages claim$ = x are--#a4 ,quick dry+4 #b4 ,coke c be us$ z a dry+ ag5t1 #aj se]s to "o maund ( ,tea4 #c4 ,only manual lab\r requir$4 #d4 ,n necess>y to turn ! ,tea4 #e4 ,p]fect control ov] temp]ature4 ,i h ?ree te/imonials to its m]its be=e me1 "o f an eng9e]1 & all ?ree speak highly ( x4 ,! foll[+ lett] f ! inv5tor to ! ,tea ,gazette gives fur!r in=mation3-- ,,all5',s ,,pat5t ,,dry+ ,,ma*9e4 ,de> ,sir1--,"s "t back y\r valuable pap] conta9$ a description & r\gh draw+ ( my ,pat5t ,dry+ ,ma*9e4 ,i n[ beg to say t ! ma*9e is 9 ! m>ket4 ,i w simply /ate "h t x c dry "o maund ( ,tea p] h\r1 or ab\t equival5t to f\r maunds ( leaf4 ,x _c burn ! ,tea z 9 o!r ma*9es1 yet x ?or\ghly dries x at "o fill ( ! ma*9e4 ,x takes half a maund ( ,tea at ea* fill1 & e leaf ( ?is is done 9 exactly ! same "t2 no turn+ ov]1 *ang+ ( trays1 or fur!r look+ aft] ! ,tea1 aft] ! roll has be5 plac$ 9 ! ma*9e on ! trays4 ,temp]ature c be l[]$ f #cjj to #ajj 9 two or ?ree seconds1 & run up aga9 9 five to sev5 m9utes4 ,x w burn any fuel4 ,fireplace #b-a_/b #c1 :5 kept regul>ly ?ree qu>t]s full ( firewood or coal ab\t #f to #h in*es ?ick1 :ile ma*9e is dry+1 w suffice 7half a maund ( fuel to a maund ( ,tea %\ld be ample74 ,! appe>ance & f9e flav\r ( ,tea dri$ 9 ?is ma*9e by fan beats *>coal2 no gloss is lo/ on ! ,tea f %ak+ up & turn+ ov]1 & ! ,tea is black1 ) glossy appe>ance & good flav\r4 ,! foll[+ are valuation & reports on ?is ma*9e's dri$ ,tea1 by ,messrs4 ,william ,moran & ,co41 to :om "s ( bulk or r\gh ,tea 0 s5t4--,y\rs1 c41 ,j4 ,c4 ,,all54 ,i omitt$ to extract ! brok]'s reports1 b !y 7 fav\rable4 ,i ?9k x likely ?is ,dry] is well suit$ to small g>d5s1 :i* _c af=d /eam motive p[]4 ,davidson's ,sirocco4--,_m ( ^!1 ov] #bjj1 h be5 set up 9 all ! ,tea di/ricts2 x has done good "w 9 its "t3 _h x n done s x w\ld n s long 7"s ye>s7 h comm&$ att5tion4 ,:5 x came out x 01 ,i ?9k1 ! be/ ma*9e go+4 ,i d\bt mu* t be+ ! case n[4 ,x requires no motive p[]1 & is ?us1 9 t respect1 *eap to "w4 ,! foll[+ lett] to ! ,tea ,gazette 9 _m respects embodies my views ( ! ma*9e3-- ,,! ,,sirocco4 ,de> ,sir1--,z bo? sides ( a "q1 viz4 = & aga9/1 %\ld be /at$ be=e ! public = _! judgm5t1 ,i ?9k ,i may say t1 z f> z we h se5 9 pr9t1 ! 8,sirocco0 is a 8fir/ rate ,tea-dry+ ma*9e40 ,i beg to /ate t all does n appe> 9 pr9t1 ?\gh :at does appe> !re may be q true1 & q "r too = ! sell] to get z _m sales ( x z he c1 = :o w\ld be su* an ass z to cry d[n 8 own inv5tion or any?+ else he wi%$ to pr(it by4 ,! 8,sirocco10 z ,i h se5 7& ,i h se5 ov] t51 & among/ !m ! late/ improv$ ones71 does n ?or\ghly fire (f ! ,tea )\t burn+ x3 ! ,tea mu/ be tak5 out ( ! ma*9e :5 ?ree p>ts fir$1 & all[$ to cool1 :5 its own heat1 & ! fact ( x be+ ga!r$ 9 "o place1 give suffici5t heat to f9i% ! kut*a fir+1 b pucka batti is requir$ aft] t4 ,aga91 ! adv]tisem5t w\ld lead "o to suppose t ! dry+ is effect$ by means ( ! draught ( hot air entirely3 n[ if ?is 7 ! case1 :5 ! fires are fir/ light$ 9 ! ma*9e1 ! hot air w\ld at once be ( suffici5t heat to dry ,tea2 b ?is is n ! case1 = ! :ole iron "w1 9 fact1 ! :ole app>atus1 iron "w1 c41 has to be heat$ up by fire1 & :5 a little (f r$ hot1 ! ,tea is put 9 & fir$4 ,i d n mean to say t hot air does n asc5d ?r\gh ! ,tea1 b ,i cont5d t ! heat ( ! iron has m to d ) ! dry+2 !re is no detrim5t to ! ,tea1 ,i feel conv9c$1 :e!r x is dri$ by hot iron or hot air1 b !re is a v consid]able detrim5t to ! ma*9e4 ,let pur*as]s ask any eng9e]1 or ev5 blacksmi?1 h[ quickly iron burns away1 & he c tell !m4 ,up to date no d\bt ! 8,sirocco0 has se5 its run3 ov] #bjj are adv]tis$ z 9 use1 b x is n[ beat5 by two ma*9es :i* h come out lately1 & :i* beat ! 8,sirocco0 entirely z to quantity dri$ & simplicity ( work+1 & = durability %\ld la/ any "t by c>eful look+ aft]4 ,"o is ,rob]tson's1 :i* is firebrick1 & ! o!r ,all5's2 bo? ^! ma*9es = durability _c be surpass$3 ! diff]5ce 9 results betwe5 ! two is1 t "o dries e tray ( ,tea 9 ! same "t )\t turn+ ov]1 & ! o!r requires to h ! ,tea turn$ ov] & ! trays *ang$1 c41 z 9 ! 8,sirocco40 ,! 8,sirocco10 no d\bt1 0 a good ,tea-dry+ ma*9e 9 its "t1 & ! inv5tor des]ves ! greate/ cr$it = x1 b x has be5 improv$ ^u1 z is always inevitably ! case 9 ma*9]y4 ,i tru/ no (f5ce w be tak5 by ! 8,sirocco0 inv5tor1 z su* is n int5d$4 ,any answ] ( 8 w be gladly read4 ,ca*>4 ,y\rs fai?fully1 ,,pucka ,,tea4 ,!re may h be5 an answ]1 b ,i did n see x4 ,gibbs & ,b>ry's ,tea ,dry]4--,?is ma*9e has be5 lately inv5t$4 ,i saw x :5 n z complete z x is n[4 ,i h tri$ to get details1 b fail$4 ,x mu/ h m]it1 h[ev]1 = ?\gh a late ma*9e1 "s ?irty-six are n[ 9 op]ation2 ,i he>d "o good judge speak v well ( x4 ,m are1 ,i he>1 be+ despat*$ to ,india4 ,no trays are us$ ) ?is ,dry]4 ,%&'s ,dry]4--,?is hails f ,ceylon4 ,/eam = dry+ ,tea is n q a new idea4 ,i saw an app>atus to use /eam 9 ,ca*> ye>s ago4 ,! great advantage claim$ = ?is ,dry] is t ,tea _c be burnt4 ,x is q a new inv5tion4 ,?is1 f ! ,tea ,gazette1 describes x3-- ,a ,,new ,,tea ,,dry]4 ,a g5tleman 9 ,colombo1 ,ceylon1 a ,mr4 ,c4 ,%&1 z we m5tion$ 9 our la/1 has inv5t$ a new pat5t ,tea ,dry]4 ,! foll[+ is a description ( 8 inv5tion3-- ,! b>bacue-%ap$ /eam-heat$ ,tea ,dry] is ! *eape/1 mo/ economical & safe/ dry+ ma*9e4 ,z ?is ma*9e c be made any l5g? & wid?1 ! quantity ( leaf :i* c be manufactur$ is only limit$ by ! ext5t ( dry+ surface4 ,"o1 #e feet wide1 & #ae feet long1 w admit ( ab\t =ty p\nds ( ,tea be+ spread z ?9ly z on ,sirocco trays1 &1 if heat$ to #aej ,fahr5heit1 w\ld dry a maund p] h\r4 ,! /eam = heat+ ?9 galvaniz$ iron dry+ surface is g5]at$ 9 ! space 7#c in*es7 betwe5 x & ! ?9 boil] plate bottom4 ,! ma*9e1 :i* is made /eam-tight1 is p>tially fill$ ) wat]1 & plac$ on a fire /ove4 ,x is evid5t t a comp>atively small quantity ( fuel w g5]ate suffici5t /eam to heat a l>ge surface1 especially if ! smoke flue is plac$ "u ! :ole l5g? ( ! ma*9e4 ,z x is impossible to fire-burn ! ,tea1 dri$ by ! /eam-heat$ ,dry]1 ! enorm\s advantage ( be+ indep5d5t ( ! c>e & judgm5t ( coolies1 & ( ! necessity ( un9t]rupt$ ,european sup]vision1 is too evid5t to require comm5t4 ,!n comes ! figure ( ! ,dry] ) ! foll[+ note3-- 8,b>bacue-%ap$ ,tea ,dry]4--,! f> end %\ld be slightly high] ?an t ov] ! fire1 to all[ ! space ov] x to be full ( wat]4 ,an app>atus = escape ( /eam & supply+ wat] is ins]t$ 9 ! end plate cov]+ ! boil]40 ,! ,ceylon ,obs]v]1 ref]r+ to ! above1 asks ! foll[+ que/ions3-- ,is x really impossible by means ( /eam to ov]-heat1 ?\gh we may n1 inde$ _c1 8fire-burn0 ,tea8 ,& :5 a boil] is employ$ to g5]ate /eam1 d we become q indep5d5t ( ! c>e & judgm5t ( coolies1 & avoid ! necessity ( un9t]rupt$ ,european sup]vision8 ,w n a !rmomet] be necess>y to indicate ! prop] degree ( heat1 w x n require close wat*+1 & w !re n be dang] ( ! boil] explod+ if neglect$8 ,! dang] may be r$uc$ to a m9imum1 b we %\ld be glad ( pro( t x _c exi/4 ,mr4 ,%& 9 reply writes--,) ref]5ce to y\r rem>ks & qu]ies reg>d+ my ,tea-dry+ ma*9e1 w y all[ me to m5tion t1 z x is n int5d$ to su/a9 any pressure ( /eam1 ! dry+ surface _c easily be heat$ ov] #aej degrees4 ,z a matt] ( c\rse1 ! ,tea takes a long] "t to dry ?an :5 made by ,siroccos1 9 :i* ! temp]ature is ma9ta9$ at #bge degrees1 b ! ext5t ( dry+ surface available makes ?is a matt] ( second>y importance4 ,i did n mean t no c>e or att5tion is requir$ to keep up fire & supply boil+ wat] p]iodically f a ci/]n plac$ ov] ! flue2 b y c und]/& t ! same c>e1 judgm5t & obs]vation is n requir$ to dry ,tea at a comp>atively l[ temp]ature z at a v high "o3 = in/ance1 x does n injure c(fee to all[ x to rema9 on ! b>bacue aft] x is ?or\ghly dry2 b put x 9 a roa/]1 & :at c>e & judgm5t is n requir$ to p]fect ! roa/+6 ,no d\bt1 by ! use ( ,siroccos & o!r mod]n appliances1 ! risk ( fire-burn+ is n[ greatly dim9i%$1 b ^! /ill require great c>e 9 %ift+ ! trays & wat*+ ! !rmomet]4 ,?is con/ant wat*+ is obviat$ by ! use ( my ma*9e1 & all ! sup]9t5d5t has to d is to feel :5 ! ,tea becomes crisp & dry4 ,he has ! security t1 if ?is is neglect$ to be done at ! mom5t x is suffici5tly dry1 no injury takes place by its rema9+ on ! heat$ surface4 ,! ma*9e is especially adapt$ = r$ry+ ,tea be=e pack+1 ?is be+ an op]ation c>ri$ on at a l[ temp]ature1 & requir+ a good deal ( c>e4 ,!re are1 x is well kn[n1 two difficulties connect$ ) ! prop] manufacture ( ,tea1 requir+ at pres5t ! con/ant sup]vision ( ! sup]9t5d5t3 ^! are f]m5tation & fir+4 ,if ! necessity ( closely wat*+ ! latt] c be disp5s$ )1 x gives ! sup]9t5d5ts m "t to direct ! f]m5tation1 on :i* ! col\r ( ! infus$ leaf1 & consequ5tly ! value1 s greatly dep5ds4 ,i h n[ consid]$ all ! ,dry]s ,i "k ( except ,k9mond's & ,jackson's4 ,i h purposely left ^! to ! la/4 ,:ile 9 ! case ( ,roll]s ,i ?\ght ,jackson _h done be/1 9 ,dry]s ,i mo/ decid$ly aw>d ! fir/ place to ,k9mond4 ,jackson's ,dry]4--,a long & exhau/ive report ^u x f ,mr4 ,c>t]1 ( ! ,*&pore ,g>d51 ,*ittagong1 appe>s 9 ! ,tea ,gazette1 ,novemb] #g1 #ahha4 ,x is too long to ins]t "h4 ,no "o c read x & d\bt t ! trials 7 mo/ c>efully conduct$1 & )\t bias ( any k9d4 ,! results are n 9 fav\r ( ! ma*9e4 ,moreov]1 7 ,jackson's ,dry]s a real success ,i %\ld h be5 aw>e ( ! fact long ago4 ,i incl9e to ! belief ,mr4 ,jackson ?9ks he c d bett]1 = he has lately br\ght out a ,self-act+ ,tea ,dry] reg>d+ :i* ! foll[+ appe>$ 9 ! ,tea ,gazette3-- ,,jackson',s ,,new ,,self-,,act+ ,,tea ,,dry]4 ,messrs4 ,w4 & ,j4 ,jackson h inv5t$ a new app>atus t w deal ) ! ,tea itself ?r\gh\t ! dry+ process1 & ?us1 !y submit1 secure a p]fection 9 ! dessication ( ! leaf n hi!rto obta9$4 ,! objects arriv$ at by ! new inv5tion are z foll[s3-- #a4--;,aft] ! leaf is f$ into ! ma*9e x requires no m att5tion until x is dis*>g$ dry4 #b4--;,e individual leaf is simultane\sly expos$ 9 precisely a simil> mann] to ! action ( ! heat$ air1 ?us produc+ an unv>i$ & p]fectly ev5 dri$ leaf4 #c4--,! ,tea is /eadily b v sl[ly kept 9 motion1 !reby disp5s+ ) ! t$i\s & tir+ wat*fulness ( att5dants1 hi!rto requir$ 9 ,tea dry+ on ! tray sy/em4 #d4--,!re are no trays ab\t ! ma*9e to h&le1 & x is1 !re=e1 ?or\ghly durable & _c get out ( ord]4 ,9 op]at+ ) ! ma*9e1 a boy or att5dant has simply to spread ! leaf on a sl[ly mov+ fe$+ web or b&1 :i* c>ries x =w>d & places x 9 ! ma*9e1 :]e x is /eadily b inactively kept 9 motion1 & 9 due c\rse is dis*>g$ dry & crisp f a %oot at ! deliv]y end2 s long1 !re=e1 z ! att5dant cont9ues to supply ! ma*9e ) leaf1 x w /eadily dry & dis*>ge x1 & %\ld he h occasion to leave ! ma*9e at any "t1 no injury c take place to ! leaf 9 ! app>atus1 z x mu/ pass on & be dis*>g$4 ,! leaf is cont9u\sly1 b v sl[ly1 turn$ ov]1 dis5tangl$ & individually pres5t$ to ! action ( ! heat$ air by a peculi> comb9ation ( conc5tric cyl9d]s1 ?us ensur+ n only ! mo/ uni=m f]m5tation1 b ! dry+ ( ea* leaf be+ simultane\sly effect$ alike mu/ produce an unv>i$ briskness & quality ( liquor n obta9able f any ( ! me?ods ( dry+ at pres5t kn[n4 ,! ma*9e w dry ab\t =ty maunds ( gre5 leaf p] day1 & w be approximately #i long1 #c-a_/b wide1 & #h high4 ,! app>atus w take v little driv+1 :i* c ei!r be effect$ by /eam or h& p[]4 ,x is v simple1 easily erect$1 & self-conta9$4 ,i "k no?+ ab\t ?is new ,dry] beyond :at is pr9t$ above1 & ,i r d\bt if any h yet be5 set up4 ,if ! advantages detail$ are truly all realis$1 !y are d\btless ( mu* value4 ,k9mond's ,dry]4--,i %all devote extra space to ?is1 = ,i believe 9 x4 ,i h se5 x work+ = a long "t on ! ,phoolb>ry ,g>d51 & ,i cont9ue s9ce ,i left ,india to receive good reports ( x4 ,?is is :at ! inv5tor himself says ( x rec5tly3-- ,?is ,tea-dry+ ma*9e cont9ues to give great satisfaction4 ,! improvem5ts made la/ ye> consid]ably increas$ ! out-turn ( ,tea1 & r$uc$ ! am\nt ( fuel requir$4 ,fur!r improvem5ts h ?is ye> be5 introduc$ 9 fa/5+ ! iron plates at ! corn]s ( ! trays ) copp] rivets1 & o!rwise /r5g!n+ ! trays1 rem$y+ _m small defects sugge/$ by plant]s :o are us+ ! ,dry]s1 & 9 improv+ ! arrangem5t ( ! fire-bricks ov] ! furnace4 ,! latt]1 z well z "s ( ! small] alt]ations1 7 sugge/$ by ,mr4 ,ansell 7inv5tor ( ! sift+ ma*9e :i* be>s 8 "n71 an eng9e] :o has _h great exp]i5ce 9 & ar\nd ,d>jeel+ 9 erect+ & work+ all ! ?ree sizes ( ^! ,dry]s4 ,?is is ! only ,tea-dry+ ma*9e :i* c keep pace ) ! l>ge/ roll+ ma*9es4 ,x is made 9 ?ree sizes4 ,! capacity ( ! smalle/ or ,no4 #a ,dry] is "o maund ( pucka ,tea p] h\r4 ,! capacity ( ,no4 #b ,dry] is two maunds p] h\r1 & t ( ,no4 #c ,dry] is ?ree maunds p] h\r4 ,! consumption ( fuel is less ?an "o maund ( wood fuel to "o maund ( pucka ,tea dri$4 ,"o ( ! great advantages ( ?is ,tea ,dry] is ! facility x gives = f9al fir+ be=e pack+4 ,! enhanc$ price ( ,tea :i* has be5 dri$ & f9al fir$ 9 ?is ,dry] is well %ewn 9 ! high av]age ( #as4 #f;d4 p] lb41 :i* ! ,scotti% ,assam ,company's ,teas h fet*$ ?is season4 ,see lett]s annex$ f _! sup]9t5d5t 9 ,assam1 ,mr4 ,cruick%anks1 & _! secret>y 9 ,ed9burgh1 ,mr4 ,m(fat4 ,:5 f9al fir+ ,tea ) ! ,dry]1 x is f\nd conv5i5t to place a f9e gauze cov] ov] ! top trays 9 ea* comp>tm5t1 to prev5t any ( ! ,tea du/ be+ c>ri$ away ) ! hot air :i* passes ?r\gh ! ,tea4 ,9 ord] to get ! maximum quantity ( "w f ! ,dry]1 ! trays mu/ be spread ) roll$ leaf twice z ?ick z t us$ :5 ,tea is dri$ ov] *>coal1 :]e !re is no =c$ curr5t ( air1 & aft] ! ,tea has be5 half-dri$1 !n ! ,tea on two trays %\ld be spread on "o tray1 & ! dry+ f9i%$4 ,9 ! ,dry]s n[ 9 c\rse ( con/ruction1 ! trays h be5 made "o-half deep]1 s t ! half-dri$ ,tea on ?ree trays %\ld be f9i%$ 9 "o tray4 ,! out-turn ( ! ma*9e is greatly dim9i%$ :5 ! =ego+ me?od is n obs]v$2 & ow+ to its non-obs]vance1 _m ( ! ,dry]s 9 use h nev] be5 work$ to _! greate/ capacity4 ,! ,dry] %\ld be l9$ outside ) "o ?ickness ( bricks--!y are ! *eape/ & be/ non-conductors ( heat--inf]ior or badly-burn$ bricks may be us$4 ,bo? ends ( ! ,dry] %\ld be l9$1 & bo? sides & elb[s z high z ! trays4 ,! top may ei!r h a l9+ ( bricks1 or f\r in*es ?ick ( s& or clay4 ,:5 ! ,dry] is l9$ r\nd ) bricks1 x n only greatly r$uces ! consumption ( fuel1 b by prev5t+ ! radiation ( heat1 x enables ! m5 to increase ! out-turn ( pucka ,tea4 ,! ,dry] is extremely simple & compact--! ,no4 #b size occupies a space ( ab\t #g feet long & #c feet wide4 ,! fan ( ?is ,dry] requires ab\t half a horse-p[] to drive x4 ,! fan %\ld be driv5 at a spe$ ( #ejj revolutions p] m9ute4 ,! pulley on ! fan sp9dle is #g-a_/b in*es diamet] & #d in*es wide4 ,ow+ to ! satisfaction giv5 by ^! ,dry]s ?is season1 an exceptionally l>ge numb] ( ord]s are on h&1 & al?\gh a numb] ( ea* size is g5]ally kept 9 /ock1 ! pat5tee w be oblig$ to ^? requir+ ,dry]s = next season to k9dly s5d 9 _! ord]s e>ly4 ,no4 #a ,dry]1 capable ( dry+ "o maund ( pucka ,tea p] h\r1 #aej2 ,no4 #b ,dry]1 capable ( dry+ two maunds ( pucka ,tea p] h\r1 #bbj2 ,no4 #c ,dry]1 capable ( dry+ ?ree maunds ( pucka ,tea p] h\r1 #cjj4 ,^! prices are f4o4b4 9 ,london4 ,london ,ag5ts--,messrs4 ,geo4 ,williamson & ,co41 #g1 ,ea/ ,india ,av5ue2 ,calcutta ,ag5ts--,messrs4 ,williamson1 ,magor & ,co41 #d1 ,mangoe ,lane4 ,! be/ ( ! ?ree sizes is ,no4 #c4 ,i h q lately s5t out two ( !m1 "o = ! ,phoolb>ry1 "o = ! ,lee% ,company's ,g>d5s1 bo? 9 ! ,we/]n ,doo>s4 ,i ?9k ! prices are mu* too high1 & might ) advantage 7to bo? inv5tor & plant]s7 be r$uc$2 b z to ! excell5ce ( ! ma*9e !re c1 ,i ?9k1 be no d\bt4 ,my op9ion is %>$ by _m4 ,i h be=e me _m te/imonials z to its excell5ce4 ,space =bids me ins]t+ !m "h1 b ,mr4 ,k9mond or 8 ag5ts w s5d !m on application4 ,9 ,m>*1 #ahha1 s satisfi$ 0 ,i ev5 !n ) ! ,dry] 7bo? ! manag]1 ,mr4 ,pillans1 at ,phoolb>ry1 & ,i am /ill m s n[71 ,i wrote ! foll[+ to ! ,tea ,gazette1 & ,i give x "h z details are embodi$3-- ,,k9mond',s ,,tea ,,dry]4 ,to all int]e/$ 9 ,tea 9 ,india1 & _! "n is legion1 ,tea manufactur+ ma*9]y & its capabilities mu/ be a subject ( great int]e/4 ,?\gh ,tea prices may1 & ,i ?9k to a c]ta9 ext5t w1 revive1 ! old scale :i* exi/$ previ\s to ! late s]i\s fall w nev] probably return4 ,h[ s]i\s ! fall has be5 w be appreciat$ :5 ,i /ate t g>d5s :i* previ\sly realis$ #ad annas to #a rupee = _! produce ?9k n[ !y d well if !y obta9 an av]age ( #aj annas4 ,?us1 an av]age ( #ab annas 7ev5 if ! p>tial rise ,i hope = takes place7 w probably be m ?an mo/ ,indian plantations w get 9 ! future4 ,9 two words1 ! ,tea indu/ry ( ,india is pass+ ?r\gh a p]iod ( depression & a crisis :i* argues 8! survival ( ! fitte/40 ,n only mu/ plantations1 de/9$ to la/1 produce l>gely1 !y mu/ also make good ,teas at a small co/4 ,?is latt]1 ,i hold1 bo? z reg>ds quality & economy1 c only be atta9$ by ! use ( ma*9]y2 & ?us1 :at is ! be/ k9d ( roll+ ma*9e1 ! be/ description ( dry]1 equalis]1 & sift+ app>atus1 is an all-important po9t4 ,tea ma*9]y is /ill q 9 its infancy4 ,v>i\s z are ! ma*9es 9 use1 & sup]ior z "s are to o!rs1 p]haps none ( !m are yet q p]fect4 ,/ill1 plant]s _c af=d to wait = ultimate p]fection1 = ?\gh any ma*9es b\ght to-day w probably be m or less out ( date 9 a few ye>s' "t1 he :o waits mu/ g to ! wall 9 ! mean:ile4 ,realis+ ?is fact1 z ^? :o "k ! subject d1 !y 7& !y are _m7 ask eag]ly3-- 8,:i* ( ! sev]al ma*9es = ! diff]5t processes 9 ,tea manufacture %all we buy80 ,i h n n[1 p]haps1 ! k to discuss fairly ! sev]al m]its ( ! v>i\s ma*9es = ea* diff]5t process1 b z ,tea ,dry]s hold an important place 9 ! li/1 & ,i h1 p]haps1 an exceptional exp]i5ce ( "o k9d1 ,i purpose to give y\r read]s ! b5efit !re(4 ,ye>s ago1 :5 ,i fir/ moot$ ! idea t ,tea c\ld be fir$ )\t *>coal1 x 0 sc\t$4 ,x 0 said1 8,! fumes ( *>coal _h "s *emical & necess>y effect40 8,! ,*9ese w\ld n h us$ x f "t immemorial _h a sub/itute1 & a *eap] "o1 be5 practicable40 ,su* 7 ! objections4 ,x is n[ no long] a "q4 ,a great "p1 p]haps ! great] "p1 ( ! ,indian produce is to-day work$ ) o!r fuel1 & x is only a "q ( "t :5 all ( x w be s4 ,x is g5]ally admitt$ t ,tea prep>$ 9 ,dry]s is m valuable ?an t fir$ ov] *>coal2 & begg+ ! "q t ! fumes ( *>coal are n necess>y 7! old idea is v ne>ly explod$71 x is reasonable t x %\ld be s2 =1 if !re is "o ?+ c]ta9 9 ,tea manufacture1 x is t spe$ is necess>y4 ,*>coal dry+ took on an av]age #de m9utes2 ,tea is fir$ 9 ! be/ ,dry]s 9 eight m9utes4 ,9 respect ( spe$1 ,k9mond's ,dry] 7:i* is ! "o ,i advocate7 is c]ta9ly unequall$4 ,:51 z 9 l>ge factories1 #cj or #dj maunds ( ,tea h to be made daily1 x is evid5t t1 ct]is p>ibus1 ! ma*9e :i* w d mo/ 9 a giv5 "t & giv5 space mu/ be ! be/4 ,9 ^! respects also ,k9mond's ,dry] /&s well1 = ! small size 7,no4 #a7 w d "o maund1 & ! l>g] size 7,no4 #b7 w turn out two maunds p] h\r4 ,9 o!r words1 9 a work+ day ( #ab h\rs 7& ,i all[ no m1 = ,i d n believe 9 night "w7 #ab & #bd maunds daily are ! capacities ( ! two sizes4 ,consid]+ t ! said two sizes1 ) necess>y /okehole1 tables1 c41 occupy respectively n m ?an #bjj & #bfj squ>e feet ( space 9 a factory1 ! satisfactory results1 9 bo? ! above respects1 are unque/ionable4 ,tea made at night1 bo? because ! col\r ( x 9 its diff]5t /ages _c be well se5 7let ! light be :at x w71 & also because sup]9t5d5ce _c !n be s close1 is nev] s good z day-made ,tea4 ,?is is :y ,i d n believe 9 night "w2 & x is also a v important extra reason :y ma*9]y 7:i* by its spe$ enables all ! necess>y ,tea to be made by daylight7 w prove su* a great & la/+ advantage4 ,:5 ,k9mond's ,dry] 0 fir/ con/ruct$1 x 0 propos$ to "w x at #cjj degrees4 ,lat] exp]i5ce has prov$ #bfj degrees is bett] & suffici5t2 b ( c\rse m "t is ?us tak51 & ) ! old sizes "o & two maunds p] h\r c\ld n be turn$ out at ! l[] temp]ature4 ,! ma*9es are n[ made "o-fif? l>g] to obviate ?is4 ,! fan is work$ at #fjj revolutions p] m9ute1 & ?is is f\nd to be ! be/ spe$4 ,sev]al alt]ations1 & important ones1 h be5 made s9ce ! fir/ ma*9es 7 con/ruct$1 b ,i w m5tion !m %ortly1 = !y w only be und]/ood by ^? :o "k ! ,dry]--#a4 ,! trays n[ take out alt]nately bo? sides4 #b4 ,! f9e ,tea or dhole trays take out indep5d5tly4 #c4 ,outside be>+s are suppli$ to ! fan %aft or sp9dle3 ?us ! lubricat+ oil _c n[ run d[n into ! fan cas+4 #d4 ,! *imney is mov$ =w>d1 & ?us heats a l>g] am\nt ( air & r$uces fuel4 ,aft] ! necess>y temp]ature has once be5 obta9$1 "o maund ( wood w fire "o maund ( ,tea4 ,?is is an outside e/imate4 ,! great feature 9 ,k9mond's ,dry] is ! fact t a sep>ate bla/ ( hot air is =c$ ?r\gh ! ,tea on ea* tray4 ,9 all o!r ,dry]s ,i h he>d (1 ! same hot air passes ?r\gh ea* tray successively1 & moi/ure is consequ5tly m or less c>ri$ upw>ds ?r\gh ea*4 ,x is pr9cipally 9 ?is respect1 & 9 ! l>ge quantity ( "w x executes1 t ,i consid] ! excell5ce ( ,k9mond's ,dry] to consi/4 ,x rema9s only to give %ortly ! results ( a long s]ies ( exp]im5ts ) ,k9mond's ,dry]4 ,! valuations 7 made by m ?an "o ,calcutta brok]3-- ,class4 ,*>coal dri$4 ,ma*9e dri$4 ,pekoe ,rs4 #j #aa #j ,rs4 #j #ad #j ,brok5 ,pekoe ,rs4 #j #aj #j ,rs4 #a #a #f ,pekoe #j #a #f #j #a #aj ,brok5 ,pekoe #j #a #e #j #b #g ,^! 7 made f ! same leaf1 at ! same "t1 ) e c>e4 ,9 "o ( my g>d5s1 aft] ,k9mond's ,dry] 0 obta9$1 ! ,teas av]ag$ upw>ds ( #b annas p] lb4 m all r\nd4 ,! ,dry] c also be us$ = )]+ leaf1 b 9 my op9ion no ,tea ,dry] is fit = t "w1 inasmu* z to d a l>ge quantity takes f> too mu* "t4 ,artificial )]+ is only necess>y :5 ! wea!r is wet & cold1 & ! ma*9e to d x %\ld d a l>ge quantity at a "t4 ,no ,tea ,dry] c d ?is4 ,a ma*9e fitt$ = t "w has yet to be inv5t$1 unless ,bak]'s ,wet ,leaf ,dry]1 ( :i* ,i h he>d good acc\nts1 b h n se51 w\ld answ]4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,s9ce ! above 0 writt51 fur!r improvem5ts & alt]ations 7sugge/$ by ,mr4 ,ansell1 ! ,tea eng9e]1 & ,mr4 ,pillans1 manag] at ,phoolb>ry7 h be5 c>ri$ out4 ,! ma*9e is n[ v p]fect1 & ,i consid] x ! be/ ,dry] at pres5t 9 ! m>ket4 ,mr4 ,k9mond has inv5t$ q lately a coke-burn+ ,dry]4 ,he is n[ tak+ ?is ) him to ,india to try x1 & has s5t me ! foll[+ prospectus ( x3-- ,! ,coke ,burn+ ,tea ,dry] has be5 made to meet ! want ( ,tea di/ricts :]e wood fuel is sc>ce1 & coke c be obta9$ at a reasonable price4 ,! upp] "p ( ! ,coke ,burn+ ,tea ,dry] is exactly ! same z ! ,no4 #b ,wood ,burn+ ,dry]1 :i* is adapt$ to burn any k9d ( fuel1 b its capacity is a little m1 be+ f #b-a_/d to #b-a_/b maunds pucka ,tea p] h\r4 ,"o maund ( pucka ,tea c be dri$ ) ! consumption ( ab\t #a_/d maund ( coke4 ,besides its l>ge capacity = do+ "w1 & its small consumption ( coke1 ! ,coke ,burn+ ,dry] has o!r advantages4 ,x is ne>ly "o-half less 9 weight ?an ! ,wood ,burn+ ,dry]1 :i* means "o-half sav+ 9 freight4 ,x requires no f\ndation or brickwork ( any k9d2 & tak+ into consid]ation ! quantity ( "w x does1 x is ! *eape/ ,dry] 9 ! m>ket--co/+ only #ahj1 f4o4b4 9 ,engl&4 ,i "k no?+ ( ?is ,coke ,dry]4 ,its price comp>es fav\rably ) 8 o!r ,dry]s4 ,9 ,april1 #ahha1 ! foll[+ lead]1 writt5 by me1 appe>$ 9 ! ,calcutta ,/atesman4 ,?\gh o!r ,tea matt]s are includ$ 7all ( int]e/71 ,i give x "h z fur!r te/imony to ! m]its ( ,k9mond's ,dry]3-- ,! days are pass$ :5 ,tea plant]s hop$ to make a =tune 9 a few ye>s4 ,!re are ma9ly two reasons = ?is4 ,fir/ly1 ! prices ( ,tea h fall5 greatly1 9 _m cases #cj & #dj p] c5t4 ,?is is due to ! fact t supply1 9 ! case ( ,indian ,tea1 has ov]tak5 dem&4 ,/ill1 !re is "s com=t to all int]e/$ 9 ! indu/ry to be d]iv$ f ! l[ prices :i* h rul$ dur+ ! la/ two ye>s4 ,s *eap h ,indian ,teas be5 t ! att5tion ( ! trade has !reby be5 direct$ to !m1 & consequ5tly ! deliv]ies ( ! la/ few mon?s h exce$$ any kn[n previ\sly4#ii ,x is calculat$ by ^? be/ able to judge1 t if ! pres5t rate ( deliv]ies 9 ,london cont9ues1 ! /ock 9 ,june next w n exce$ twelve million p\nds1 & ! tru? is1 /range z x may appe>1 t bel[ ?is po9t x is n well t ! /ock 9 h& %\ld fall1 because1 if x does1 deal]s w n be able to meet _! requirem5ts1 & w !n p]=ce buy m ,*9a4 ,l[ z prices are1 we !re=e1 nev]!less1 consid] ! /ati/ical position ( ,tea to-day z good4 ,!re is ano!r po9t :i* %\ld give com=t & hope to ! ,indian plant]1 9 spite ( ! fact t we are heavily h&icapp$ 9 our race ) ,*9a1 inasmu* z ow+ to m exp5sive lab\r our co/ ( production mu/ exce$ !irs4 ,?is s\rce ( hope is ! great po9t n[ g5]ally admitt$1 t ,indian ,tea is bett] & goes fur!r ?an ,*9a ,tea4 ,! exp]i5ce ( ea* ( u c quote in/ances ( individuals dropp+ ,*9a ,tea1 & tak+ to ,india2 :o kn[s ( anyone do+ ! rev]se8 ,we admit ! ta/e = ,indian ,tea is m or less an acquir$ "o4 ,/ill1 ! public at home h already be5 educat$ to ! ta/e by ! ye>ly increas+ proportion ( ,indian mix$ ) ,*9a ,tea4 ,speak+ g5]ally 7?\gh ! exceptions are _m & increase ye>ly71 x is true t ,indian ,tea is n obta9able pure1 b no m is ,*9a4 ,! bulk ( ! ,tea n[ sold to ! public 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom is a mixture1 ?ree p>ts ,*9a & "o ,indian1 & all po9ts to ! fact t 9 a few m ye>s ! g5]al mixture w be half-&-half4 ,we are ?us surely pav+ ! way1 9 o!r words1 tea*+ ! ,engli% public to l ,indian ,tea1 & ! broad fact t1 once us$1 x is nev] ab&on$ = its rival is surely a v hopeful feature4 ,! tru? is t 7 x possible to make ! population ( ,engl&1 ,au/ralia1 & ,am]ica dr9k ,indian ,tea = "o week only1 ! dem& aft] t week w\ld be enorm\s1 & we %\ld he> no m ( 8supply exce$+ dem&20 nay1 m1 _m ?\s&s (1 acres w\ld at once be add$ to ! pres5t cultivation 9 ,india4 ,b we h some:at w&]$ f ! "q we set out )1 viz41 :y ,tea does n pay n[ z x once did4 ,! fir/ reason we h giv52 ! second is t !re is n[ no m>ket = ,tea se$4 ,?is la/ reason is little dwelt on1 b x is a v important factor4 ,! days 7 :5 ,rs4 #cjj p] maund1 & ev5 m1 7 paid = ,tea se$1 & ?\gh ?is did n la/ long1 ! price = _m ye>s up to #ahgh 0 ab\t ,rs4 #ajj4 ,n[ x is simply unsaleable4 ,! receipts = ,tea se$1 dur+ all ^! ye>s1 =m$ a l>ge "p ( mature g>d5 e>n+s1 &1 to quote "o in/ance1 !reto 9 a great measure 7 due ! big divid5ds paid by ! ,assam ,company4 ,b ?\gh ,tea prices may1 & we ?9k w1 improve1 x is n likely we %all ev] aga9 see ! rates obta9able =m]ly4 ,?is be+ s1 x is probable t only ^? plantations 9 ! future w pay t produce ,tea *eaply4 ,h[ is ?is to be done8 ,^? g>d5s t are heavily weight$ by unsuitable climates1 by a bad class ( plant1 by slopes :i* are too /eep1 by inord9ately exp5sive lab\r1 or o!r causes1 w h a h>d "t ( x1 b plantations ) natural advantages ne$ 9 no way despair4 ,?\gh1 z we said above1 we _c1 9 ! matt] ( *eap lab\r1 vie ) ,*9a1 we h a great advantage ov] ! ,fl[]y ,l& z reg>ds economy ( production 9 ano!r respect4 ,we allude to ! use ( ma*9]y1 :i* does mu* n[1 & w d m & m z ea* ye> passes1 to r$uce ! co/ ( production4 ,ma*9]y 9 ! manufacture ( ,tea is1 we believe1 almo/ unkn[n 9 ,*9a4 ,!re ea* & e op]ation is p]=m$ by h&2 "h 9 ,india _m n[ d1 & ev5tually all w1 )]1 roll1 fire1 & sort by ! help ( ma*9es4 ,x says n a little = ! ent]prise & ! inv5tive g5ius ( ! ,anglo-,saxon race t1 :ile 9 ,*9a ! manufacture ( ,tea dates back _m c5turies1 & yet all ! ,tea is /ill made by h&1 we 9 ,india1 :o h only plant$ ,tea "s =ty ye>s1 h inv5t$ ma*9es & use !m to-day = ea* & e op]ation 9 manufacture4 ,x is b z ye/]day t we import$ ,*9am5 to tea* u ! modus op]&i4 ,we n[ "k f> m ?an !y d on ! subject1 & v]ily ! pupil has beat5 8 ma/]4 ,?\gh ma*9]y r$uces ! co/ ( production1 & 9 m ?an "o case improves ! quality ( ,tea1 & plant]s "k x1 ! difficulty be=e !m to-day is to "k :i* is ! be/ ma*9e = ea* op]ation4 ,unanimity on ?is po9t is n to be expect$ yet4 ,"o swe>s by ,jackson1 ano!r by ,k9mond1 o!rs by ,ansell1 ,b>ry1 ,lyle1 ! inv5tor ( ! ,sirocco1 & s on4 ,! ma*9es & names ( inv5tors are _m1 & ea* has its disciples4 ,p]haps ! mo/ fav\rite roll+ ma*9es are ,jackson's & ,k9mond's1 b we see ! latt] has j produc$ :at he calls a 8,c5trifugal ,roll+ ,ma*9e0 :i* he ?9ks w sup]s$e all o!rs4 ,we h n se5 x1 ?\gh x is at "w on sev]al g>d5s1 & s c give no op9ion ab\t x2 b ano!r ( ,k9mond's ma*9es1 8 ,dry]1 we "k well4 ,x 0 long a moot po9t if ,tea c\ld be effici5tly fir$ by any o!r ag5t ?an *>coal4 ,_m affirm$ t ! fumes ( *>coal 7 necess>y2 & :51 ye>s ago1 ,colonel ,money1 s well kn[n by 8 writ+s 9 ,tea matt]s1 affirm$ f exp]im5ts t *>coal 0 n necess>y1 b t any fuel w\ld d ! "w1 few believ$ him1 = p said x 0 impossible to cr$it t ! ,*9ese w\ld h gone on us+ *>coal 7s mu* m exp5sive ?an o!r fuel7 = c5turies1 7 x n a necessity4 ,:at ,colonel ,money !n pr$ict$ has already come to pass4 ,mu* ( ! ,tea n[ produc$ 9 ,india nev] sees *>coal at all1 & x is v c]ta9 t 9 two or ?ree ye>s all ,indian ,tea w be fir$ by ma*9]y4 ,we say ?is is c]ta9 simply because1 ap>t f ! sav+ effect$ by us+ o!r fuel1 ! value ( ,teas fir$ by ma*9]y is increas$4 ,x is natural x %\ld be s because1 by ! use ( ! be/ ma*9es inv5t$ = t purpose1 ! heat c be regulat$ to a nicety1 an impossibility by ! old mode ( *>coal fir+4 ,k9mond's ,dry] is1 9 our op9ion1 ! be/ ,tea ,dry] ma*9e yet inv5t$4 ,space =bids our describ+ x m9utely 7besides1 only ^?1 & !y are few1 :o und]/& ,tea ma*9]y w\ld appreciate our description71 b its g5]al features we w %ortly t\* on4 ,9 ! comp>atively small space x occupies 9 a factory1 & 9 ! l>ge quantity ( "w x does 9 a giv5 "t1 we ?9k x unrivall$4 ,?is la/ feature does away ) ! necessity ( night-"w1 :i*1 ap>t f o!r drawbacks1 is prejudicial to ! excell5ce ( ,tea1 because1 among o!r reasons1 its col\r _c !n be appreciat$ 9 its sev]al /ages4 ,tea made at night is nev] v good4 ,) suffici5t motive p[]1 suffici5t roll+ ma*9]y1 & ,k9mond's ,dry]s1 ! factory 7let ! leaf ga!r$ be :at x may7 c be %ut up at d>k4 ,k9mond's ,dry] may yet be improv$ ^u by himself or by o!rs1 b z x n[ /&s x possesses a feature peculi> to itself1 & all important4 ,! hot air1 driv5 by a fan 7! spe$ ( :i*1 "u control1 regulates ! temp]ature71 does n pass successively ?r\gh ! diff]5t trays1 = ! hot air1 dry+ ! ,tea 9 ea* tray1 has a sep>ate inlet & outlet4 ,by ?is means is avoid$ ! objection ( c>ry+ ! moi/ure absorb$ by ! hot air f "o tray to ! o!r4 ,ano!r peculi>ity 9 ! ma*9e is1 t ! same air is us$ aga9 & aga91 be+ re-dri$ & re-heat$ ea* "t4 ,by ?is two advantages are obta9$3 7#a7 fuel is sav$1 x is easi] to heat air :i* /ill reta9s caloric ?an fre% air2 7#b7 ! aroma ( ,tea is v volatile1 & :5 hot air1 :i* dries x1 passes away1 "s ( ! ess5ce & /r5g? ( ! ,tea goes ) x4 ,b "h ! same air be+ us$ aga9 & aga91 ! volatile ess5ce 7h[ mu* :o c say87 is return$ to ! ,tea4 ,x is reasonable to suppose t ?is w increase ! value ( ! ,tea2 inde$1 we "k x did s mat]ially 9 "o g>d5 la/ season4 ,we d n d\bt t ! unanimity want+ at pres5t among/ plant]s z reg>ds ma*9]y w m or less come ) "t1 b only long exp]i5ce c settle ! m]its ( rival ma*9]y4 ,"o ?+1 h[ev]1 is v c]ta9--if ! exports ( ,indian ,tea ev] vie 9 quantity ) ,*9a1 x w be due to ! use ( ma*9]y 9 manufacture4 ,i may /ate t ,k9mond & "s o!r inv5tors ( ,dry]s claim = !m t 9 wet wea!r gre5 leaf may be )]$ by _! means4 ,b1 z ,i /at$ "s pages back1 ,i d n ?9k any ,dry]s suitable = )]+4 ,t ma*9e has yet to be inv5t$4 ,to conclude my rem>ks on dry]s1 ,i give 7aga9 f ! ,tea ,gazette7 an e/imate ( ! co/ ( dry+ by ! old primitive mode ) *>coal1 & ) ma*9es4 ,!re 0 no signature to ! lett]4 ,i _c say if ! figures assum$ are q correct1 b 9 any case ! ma*9es h mu* ! be/ ( x3-- ,,tea ,,dry+ ,,ma*9]y v4 ,,*>coal4 ,de> ,sir1--,tea dry+ by ma*9]y v]sus ,tea dry+ by *>coal fires ov] *oolahs is1 ,i believe1 /ill discuss$ z to ! relative m]its ( ea*4 ,i w try & give y a fair e/imate ( co/1 & speak f exp]i5ce z f> z ,i "k relative to ! m]its1 ills1 c41 c41 ( bo? modes ( fir+4 #a/4 ,*>coal fir+ & its m]its4--,except = ^? :o p]si/ t ! fumes ( *>coal are necess>y to make good ,tea1 ,i c see no m]it :atev] 9 *>coal dry+1 ei!r 9 co/1 quality1 rapidity1 sav+ ( lab\r1 or any?+ else1 ov] ma*9e-dri$ ,tea4 ,co/ p] maund ,tea ( ,tea dri$ ov] *oolahs by *>coal4 ,r4 ,a4 ,p4 ,*>coal at #h annas p] maund1 #a-a_/b maunds #j #ab #j #a ,battiwallah at annas #d-f1 kut*a fir+ #j #d #f ,d4 pucka fir+1 say #j #j #f --------- ,co/ ( fir+ by *>coal ,rs4 #a #a #j ,n4,b4--,notice ! lab\r /aff requir$ = ?ree mon?s 9 ! ye> to make *>coal2 ! imm5se space 7& heat7 tak5 up by *oolahs2 co/ ( timb] us$ = *>coal2 ! numb] ( trays1 gauze1 iron1 c41 c41 requir$2 ! masonry & c>p5t]'s "w always m or less out ( repair2 loss ( small tea fall+ ?r\gh trays1 c41 c4 ,n[ let u take ,co/ ( ma*9e-dri$ ,tea p] maund4 ,r4 ,a4 ,p4 #a/4 ,^? ma*9es :i* dry by coke1 say co/ ( coke #j #h #j #c m5 at annas #d-f p] #e maunds ,tea ab\t #j #b #h --------- ,co/ ( dry+ p] maund ,tea = a ma*9e1 dry+ by coke #e maunds 9 #aj h\rs #j #aj #h ,i n[ give an e/imate ( co/ ( #a maund ,tea dri$ by a ma*9e ( simil> capabilities1 b dry+ ) any sort ( fuel--coal1 wood1 grass1 bamboo1 c41 say #b maunds ( firewood at #f pie p] maund #a anna p] #a maund ,tea4 ,n4,b4--,price ( firewood at #c pie p] maund %\ld be ne>] ! m>k4 #c m5's pay1 annas #d-f = #e maunds 9 #aj h\rs annas #b-h p] maund4 ,! analysis ( ! above comes to ?is-- ,r4 ,a4 ,p4 ,*>coal dry+ #a #a #j ,coke #j #aj #hajj ,wood fire #j #c #h ,we read ( ma*9es dry+ ) any fuel1 & do+ d\ble ! ,tea ( :at ,i h e/imat$ above1 & h[ p c /ill /ick to *>coal beats me4--7,no signature47 ,sort+ or ,sift+ is ! next process--t is to say1 divid+ ! ,tea 7by pass+ x ?r\gh sieves7 into diff]5t k9ds1 z ,pekoe1 ,brok5 ,pekoe1 ,pekoe ,s\*ong1 & ,brok5 ,tea4 ,all d n divide x ?us1 = "s make o!r k9ds also4 ,9 ! body ( ?is ,essay 7page #abb7 ,i say1 8,i d n believe 9 any pres5t or future ma*9e = sift+ ,tea40 ,i did n !n2 t 0 9 ! e>ly days ( ,tea2 b ,i 0 wrong4 ,a sift+ ma*9e1 on ! l>ge scale on :i* ,tea is n[ made1 is ess5tial = e g>d54 ,jackson's ,sift]4--,i h se5 ?is1 & he>d x well spok5 (1 b ,i h no exp]i5ce ( x4 ,greig's ,sift]4--,?is ,i h n se51 b f ! draw+ ,i h ,i %\ld d\bt if x w\ld sift en\gh p] day = a l>ge g>d54 ,pridham's ,sift]4--,?is is q a new ?+4 ,i "k no?+ ( x4 ,! fact is1 ! manag] at ,phoolb>ry & ,i h be5 s ?or\ghly satisfi$ ) ! ,sift] we use !re 7,ansell's7 ,i c\ld conceive no?+ bett]1 & ,i h n !re=e look$ into ! matt] ( ,sift]s4 ,9 ,janu>y1 #ahha1 ,i s5t an article to ! ,tea ,gazette describ+ ,ansell's ,sift]1 & z ,i ?\ght !n ,i ?9k n[4 ,i believe x is by f> ! be/ ,tea ,sift] yet inv5t$4 ,_m are ! te/imonials1 too1 9 its fav\r4 ,! price1 #hj1 is too high2 b ! manufactur]s 7,ransomes1 ,head & ,jeffries1 ( ,ipswi*7 advise me !y propose r$uc+ x to #gj4 ,ev5 t1 ,i ?9k1 is too mu*2 b !re c be no "q ! use ( x effects a great sav+ 9 a factory4 ,?is is my article3-- ,,ansell',s ,,sift+1 ,,sort+1 ,,& ,,fann+ ,,ma*9e4 ,janu>y #bg1 #ahha4 ,9 ! days gone by1 ,tea cultivation 01 to ^? comm5c+ a ,tea c>e]1 ! ?+ to /udy4 ,^? days are pass$4 ,none are emb>k+ 9 new g>d5s1 & b few are ext5d+ exi/+ cultivation4 ,prices h fall5 s w(ully t all t ,tea plant]s ?9k ( to-day is h[ to make :at !y h pay4 ,i believe 9 ,tea /ill4 ,i ?9k ! pres5t l[ range ( prices _c la/1 & ,i ?9k s simply because ,i "k ,tea w n be cultivat$ ye> aft] ye> at a loss4 ,b ! pres5t crisis is v s]i\s3 x means1 9 five words1 8! survival ( ! fitte/10 & ev5 ! fitte/ w n succe$1 unless e advantage is tak5 ( all exi/+ ,tea k4 ,tea manufacture is n[ ! mo/ important bran* 9 ! indu/ry4 ,we h advanc$ greatly 9 ! la/ few ye>s2 b ,tea manufacture1 z reg>ds economy 9 do+ x1 is yet comp>atively 9 its infancy4 ,/ill we h done a great deal s9ce ! indig5\s plant 0 discov]$ 9 ! jungles ( ,assam1 n[ ne>ly fifty ye>s ago2 we h advanc$ m 9 ,tea manufacture ?an ! ,*9ese1 :o h be5 mak+ ,tea _m c5turies4 ,t is to say1 ,i affirm t ! ,indian ,tea plant] ( ord9>y intellig5ce kn[s m ( bo? ,tea cultivation & ,tea manufacture to-day ?an any ( 8 ,*9ese contempor>ies4 ,! ,*9aman gr[s ,tea1 & makes ,tea1 z he taught u to d x tw5ty to ?irty ye>s ago4 ,! pupil 9 ?is case has c]ta9ly beat5 8 ma/]4 ,we h made "s improvem5ts 9 ,tea plant+ & ,tea cultivation1 b :]e we h left our tea*]s f> beh9d is 9 manufacture4 8,johnny0 makes 8 ,tea z 8 fa!r made x be=e him1 taught by 8 gr&fa!r :o made x ! same way2 &1 = aught we "k1 no improvem5ts1 9 t way1 h tak5 place 9 ! c\rse ( _m c5turies4 ,all is h& lab\r2 ma*9]y to !m is unkn[n4 ,! mo/ primitive ideas 9 ,tea manufacture are /ill adh]$ to4 ,9 support ( ! latt]1 ,i w quote "o in/ance3 ,tea1 f "t immemorial1 has always be5 dri$ by *>coal 9 ,*9a2 no o!r way is kn[n !re n[4 ,h[ is x "h 9 ,india8 ,a l>ge proportion ( ! produce is fir$ ) o!r fuel1 aid$ by ma*9]y2 & x is only a "q ( "t 7& a v %ort "t7 :5 ! :ole ( x w be ?us prep>$4 ,i c\ld quote o!r in/ances3 let ?is suffice1 = no comp>ison c be drawn betwe5 ,tea manufacture z foll[$ out 9 ,*9a & ,india 9 ?is ye> #ahha4 ,! =m] is z crude z x 0 two or five hundr$ ye>s ago3 ! latt] 7?\gh /ill f> f p]fection7 9 its _m details1 9 its num]\s ma*9es clev]ly contriv$ to save lab\r & bett] ! ,teas1 is a /rik+ illu/ration ( ! activity1 ! en]gy1 ! inv5tive g5ius ( ! ,anglo-,saxon race6 ,an ,indian ,tea factory1 well set up ) ma*9]y--t is to say ) a gre5-leaf dry+ app>atus1 roll+ ma*9es1 ,tea dry]s1 equalis]s1 & sift+ & sort+ ma*9es1 all driv5 by an eng9e ( #ae-;horse p[]--(f]s a wond]ful contra/ to a ,*9ese ,tea factory1 :]e all is h&work4 ,b m /range /ill is ! comp>ison alongside ( ! fact1 t 9 ! =m] case ! indu/ry dates back only "s ?irty ye>s2 9 ! latt] _m c5turies4 ,tea ma*9]y is de/9$ to "w great results 9 ,india4 ,:5 br\ght to p]fection 7x is f> on ! road n[71 x w s *eap5 ! co/ ( manufacture t1 ?\gh lab\r is de>] ) u ?an 9 ,*9a1 we %all1 ?anks !reto1 be able to lay d[n our ,teas at *eap] rates ?an ! produce ( ! ,fl[]y ,l&4 ,if ,indian ,tea ev] vies 9 quantity ) ,*9a 9 ! ,tea-consum+ c\ntries ( ! _w1 x w be due entirely to ! economy effect$ by our ma*9]y4 ,i d n myself anticipate t ,indian ,teas w ev] beat ,*9a out ( ! field1 b1 inasmu* z our ,teas are bett]1 because ! ta/e = ,indian ,tea is gr[+ apace1 ,i d believe ! day w come 7x w sc>cely be 9 our "t7 t ! ,tea exports f ,india w equal ^? f ,*9a2 &1 z ,i said be=e1 to ma*9]y1 f> m ?an to any?+ else1 w t end be due4 ,!re is !re=e no "q ( m importance to ! ,indian plant] to-day ?an ,tea ma*9]y4 ,x is a difficult "q too1 because s _m ma*9es1 = ea* ( ! diff]5t necess>y processes1 are vie+ 9 competition = public fav\r4 8,:i* is ! be/ ma*9e to buy80 is ! "q "o he>s ask$ daily4 ,i propose1 ) y\r leave1 to write a s]ies ( articles on ,tea ma*9]y1 po9t+ out1 z f> z 9 me lies1 ! advantages & defects ( ^? :i* comm5d !mselves mo/ to me1 = ,i wi% to give plant]s1 ?r\gh y\r pap]1 ! advantage ( my exp]i5ce2 & z my express+ an op9ion 9 no way precludes o!rs f do+ ! same1 & ,i "k y\r columns are op5 to all1 ,i w\ld invite discussion on rival m]its1 & ?us c]ta9ly b5efit ! ,tea indu/ry4 ,i w to-day describe :at1 ,i ?9k1 is ! be/ ,tea sift+ & fann+ ma*9e extant4 ,x is true x is ! la/ ma*9e us$ 9 manufacture1 b t does n signify2 ,i w take all ! o!rs 9 turn4 ,! said ma*9e is ! inv5tion ( an able man & eng9e]1 ,mr4 ,c4 ,w4 ,ansell1 well kn[n 9 ! ,d>jeel+ di/rict = 8 k ( ,tea ma*9]y4 ,he has be5 = _m ye>s employ$ z an eng9e] 9 ,tea factories4 ,i he>d ( 8 ma*9e :5 ,i 0 lately 9 ,engl&1 & w5t d[n to ,ipswi* to ! manufactory ( ,messrs4 ,ransomes1 ,sims1 & ,head to see x4 ,?\gh difficult to judge ( x1 z !re 0 no ,tea :]e) to te/ x1 ,i 0 s pleas$ ) ! pr9ciple t ,i ord]$ "o4 ,! co/ 0 #hj4 ,x has n[ be5 work+ on "o ( my g>d5s "s ?irte5 mon?s1 & 9 e way x has prov$ a great success4 ,b to describe x1 z f> z ,i c1 9 a few words3-- ,its l5g? is #ai feet1 its bread? #e feet4 ,! ,tea1 9 bulk1 is deliv]$ ?r\gh a hopp] f an upp] floor1 on :at ,i w call ! ,a end ( ! ma*9e1 to di/+ui% x f ! o!r end1 :i* ,i w "n ,b4 ,! pr9ciple ( all o!r sift]s 7except ,jackson's71 z f> z ,i "k1 is1 t ! succe$+ trays ( diff]+ wire me% are arrang$ "o bel[ ! o!r1 ! slope all be+ ! same way1 t is--f ,a to ,b4 ,?is plan is objectionable 9 ! foll[+ way3 if ! ,tea has be5 well roll$ & cl+s toge!r1 a good deal ( ! f9e ,teas t are 9 ! mass or bulk (t5 passes "s di/ance d[n1 p]haps ov] half ! tray or wire-me% l5g?1 be=e fall+ ?r\gh4 ,if !y d s1 & ! object is to sift out any p>ticul> class on ! next succe$+ tray1 !re is only half ! l5g? ( me% left to trav]se to effect ! object1 in/ead ( ! :ole l5g? ( ! tray4 ,?is is obviat$ 9 practice by pu%+ ! ,teas cont9ually back up ! incl9$ tray2 b ?is is done at ! exp5se ( extra lab\r & mak+ ! ,teas du/y & grey4 ,! above objection is obviat$ 9 ,ansell's ma*9e4 ,x consi/s ( f\r slopes1 b ea* ( ^! incl9e d[nw>ds1 alt]nately1 diff]5t ways--viz41 ,no4 #a 7! upp]71 f ,a to ,b2 ,no4 #b1 f ,b to ,a2 ,no4 #c1 f ,a to ,b2 ,no4 #d1 f ,b to ,a1 & bel[ ! me% ( ea* slope is a c>ry+ t9 tray1 slop+ ! same way1 :i* c>ries all ! ,tea :i* falls ?r\gh ea* me% d[n to ! head ( ! succe$+ slope1 :ile 9 ea* case ! ,tea :i* w n pass ?r\gh ! me% is deliv]$ sep>ately4 ,! above arrangem5t1 h[ev]1 does n hold ) ! upp] or ,no4 #a slope4 ,?is consi/s ( two wire trays or me%es1 ) ! c>ry+ tray bel[ ! l[] "o4 ,su* ( ! bulk z w n pass ?r\gh ! upp] tray is deliv]$ on ! head ( ,no4 #b slope1 at ! ,b end ( ! ma*9e4 ,:at passes ?r\gh ! upp] tray1 b w n pass ?r\gh ! l[]1 is deliv]$ by a side %oot at ! ,b end ( ! ma*9e1 & is 8,no4 #a ,pekoe40 ,:at passes ?r\gh bo? sieves on to ! c>ry+ tray is also deliv]$ by an opposite side %oot f ! ,b end ( ! ma*9e1 & is 8,brok5 ,pekoe40 ,betwe5 ,nos4 #a & #b slopes is an air *amb]1 :i*1 z ! bulk left on ! upp] sieve ( ,no4 #a slope falls on ! head ( slope ,no4 #b 7a bla/ be+ s5t ?r\gh x by a fan at ! ,a end ( ! ma*9e71 drives out ( ! said fall+ bulk all r$ leaf1 /alks1 fann+s1 c4 ,no4 #b slope receives ! bulk at ! ,b end ( ! ma*9e1 aft] ! r$ leaf & fann+s are tak5 out z /at$ above1 & :at w n pass ?r\gh ! me% is deliv]$ at ! back ( ! ,a end ( ! ma*9e1 & is 8,cong\20 :ile :at does fall ?r\gh ! me% into ! c>ry+ tray bel[ x 7:i* is /ill bulk1 consi/+ ( 8,pekoe10 8,pekoe ,s\*ong10 & 8,s\*ong0 mix$7 is deliv]$ at ! ,a end ( ! ma*9e on to ! head ( ,no4 #c slope4 ,:at w n pass ?r\gh ! me% ( ,no4 #c slope is deliv]$ at ! ,b end ( ! ma*9e 9 front1 & is 8,s\*ong20 :ile :at does pass ?r\gh ! me% ( ,no4 #c slope on to ! c>ry+ tray bel[ 7/ill bulk1 consi/+ ( 8,pekoe0 & 8,pekoe ,s\*ong07 is deliv]$ on to ! head ( ,no4 #d slope at ! ,b end ( ! ma*9e4 ,no4 #d slope has no c>ry+ tray3 x w\ld be useless4 ,:at w n pass ?r\gh ! me% is deliv]$ at ! ,a end ( ! ma*9e1 & is 8,pekoe ,s\*ong20 :ile :at does pass ?r\gh ! me% falls on ! floor ( ! factory & is ! rema9+ 8,pekoe10 t is1 8,pekoe ,no4 #b40 ,! sort+ is s f> f9i%$1 & ! results are ! foll[+ ,teas1 plac$ r\nd ! ma*9e ?us3--8,pekoe ,no4 #a10 at ! left side ( ,b end2 8,brok5 ,pekoe10 at "r side ( ,b end2 8,r$ ,leaf & ,fann+s10 "s di/ance 9 front ( ,b end2 8,s\*ong10 also 9 front ( ,b end1 b ne>] to ! ma*9e2 8,cong\10 at back ( ,a end2 8,pekoe ,s\*ong10 also at back ( ,a end1 b ne>] ! ma*9e2 8,pekoe ,no4 #b10 on ! floor bel[ ! ma*9e4 ,) ,teas ?us m9utely sort$1 all possible requirem5ts are provid$ =1 & ! plant] c1 by mix+ or o!rwise1 make any numb] ( classes he may *oose4 ,x w be obs]v$ t 8,pekoe0 is tak5 out twice1 result+ 9 8,nos4 #a & #b ,pekoe40 ,^! diff] slightly1 b are bett] mix$ toge!r4 8,:y take !m out sep>ately10 "s exclaim1 8to mix !m toge!r aga980 ,b !re are ?ree v good reasons3 fir/ly1 ! 8,pekoe0 is tak5 out at ! comm5cem5t1 previ\s to fann+1 to prev5t ! small or brok5 ,pekoe tips be+ bl[n out 9 t process2 secondly1 ! 8#a/ ,pekoe0 be+ tak5 out ?us e>ly1 its appe>ance is n injur$ by pass+ ov] a l>ge am\nt ( sieve-me% area2 & ?irdly1 all ! 8,pekoe0 is ?us extract$1 :i* x c\ld n be1 z f> z ,i c see1 by any o!r process4 ,f all ! k9ds detail$ above1 ,i make only f\r--viz41 8,pekoe10 8,brok5 ,pekoe10 8,pekoe ,s\*ong10 & 8,brok5 ,tea20 b o!rs c d z !y w4#aja ,! ma*9e is ( c\rse driv5 by /eam4#ajb ,! movem5t ( all ! trays is a backw>d & =w>d "o ( #c in*es longitud9al semi-circul> motion1 ! latt] movem5t be+ imp>t$ by ! /eel spr+ hang]s4 ,only a small am\nt ( p[] is requir$ to drive ! ma*9e1 viz41 "u half horse4 ,i mu/ "h conclude my description4 ,n[ z to ! am\nt ( "w ! ma*9e w d4 ,i speak f actual exp]i5ce :5 ,i /ate :at foll[s3-- ,x w sift & fan sev5 maunds ( ,tea p] h\r4 ,! only h& lab\r requir$ to supplem5t x is a few 7a v few7 wom5 to pick out any =eign sub/ances out ( ! 8,cong\40 ,at our g>d5 9 ,we/]n ,doo>s1 #a1bfj maunds ( ,tea 7 made 9 #ahhj1 & all sift$ by ?is ma*9e1 ! h& lab\r besides be+ only #dd wom5 dur+ ! :ole season1 or ab\t "o-fif? ( a woman p] day4 ,! ma*9e requires only two m5 to "w x cont9ually1 & "o boy to fe$ x f ! upp] floor4 ,i c ?9k ( no possible objection to ?is ma*9e1 or ev5 ( any possible improvem5t4 ,i believe1 9 ! case ( a #cjj-;acre g>d5 ) a dec5t am\nt ( produce1 ! ma*9e1 9 its sav+ ( h& lab\r1 pays = itself 9 "o ye>1 :il/ ! ,teas are mu* improv$ 9 appe>ance by its use1 & fet* high] prices4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,i add two m lett]s 9 fav\r ( ! ma*9e f ! same pap]3-- ,,ansell',s ,,pat5t ,,tea ,,sort+ ,,& ,,w9n[+ ,,ma*9e4 ,sir1--,9 respond to y\r call = in=mation reg>d+ ,tea ma*9]y1 ,i am happy to supply y ) my exp]i5ce ( ,ansell's ,pat5t ,tea ,sort+ & ,w9n[+ ,ma*9e4 ,i h be5 sift+ ! :ole ( my ,teas1 ?r\gh x ?is season1 & am !re=e 9 a position to /ate :at ,i ?9k ( x4 ,i consid] x a mo/ useful ma*9e1 & a great sav] ( lab\r4 ,) f\r m51 ,i d ) x 9 "o day an am\nt ( "w :i* )\t x ,i w\ld h to employ f tw5ty to tw5ty-five m5 to accompli%4--,y\rs1 c41 8,,sift]40 ,,ansell',s ,,sift+ ,,ma*9e4 ,a correspond5t writes f ,london to ! ,ceylon ,obs]v] z foll[s3--,ansell's ,pat5t ,tea ,sort] seems to be an article :i* w lat] be mu* us$ 9 ,ceylon4 ,9 a memo4 be=e me !re is an extract f ,messrs4 ,george ,williamson & ,co41 :o say3--8,! manag] ( our ,majilighur ,g>d5 writes3--#8,i h n[ _h suffici5t exp]i5ce ( ,ansell's ,sift] to be able to report v fav\rably ^u x4 ,x does its "w ?or\ghly & cleanly1 &1 ow+ to ! comp>atively small space x occupies1 little or no loss occurs ev5 ( ! f9e/ du/4 ,sixte5 maunds 9 n9e h\rs is :at ,i f9d to be ab\t its capabilities1 & f\r boys d all ! "w connect$ ) x4 ,x has effect$ a great sav+ 9 ! ,tea h\se ?is ye>1 & has q done away ) h&-siev+1 except equaliz+ ! brok5 ,pekoe & brok5 ,tea--a v trivial op]ation4'0 ,pack+4--,?is is ! f9al process4 ,unless ,teas are pack$ directly !y are made1 !y require to be heat$ once m to drive (f any moi/ure imbib$4 ,?is c be done 9 a way 9 mo/ ( ! dry]s describ$1 p]haps 9 ,k9mond's be/ ( all4#ajc ,?is concludes my rem>ks on ,tea ma*9]y2 b ,i %all n h a m appropriate place ?an ?is to m5tion ! ornam5tal t9 boxes devis$ by ,messrs4 ,h>vey ,bros4 & ,tyl]1 z a new mode ( pack+ ,teas4 ,! foll[+ is an article ( m9e on ! subject to ! ,tea ,gazette1 writt5 9 #ahhj3-- ,i saw lately t9 ,tea boxes made to hold #bj lbs41 :i* are manufactur$ by ,messrs4 ,h>vey ,bro!rs & ,tyl]1 #ba1 ,m9c+ ,lane4 ,i 0 mu* pleas$ ) !m1 = ,i =esaw t by _! use great good to ! ,indian ,tea indu/ry w\ld accrue4 ,i w5t to ,m9c+ ,lane1 & _h a long talk ) ! firm1 & came away conv9c$ t ! fact ( ! said boxes %\ld be kn[n f> & wide 9 ,india4 ,! boxes measure #ae-c_/d by #aj #ae_/af?s by #aj #e_/af?s4 ,!y are h&somely illu/rat$ ) ,indian ,tea plantation subjects4#ajd ,ea* piece runs into a groove 9 ! adjo9+ "o1 s t "o m9ute w put a box toge!r1 & a t\* ( sold] "h & !re completes x2 !y are !n p]fectly air-tight4 ,! boxes are v sightly4 ,price is n[ #bs4 #e;d4 p] box4 ,boxes s5t to ,calcutta up to ?is h be5 *>g$ #bs4 #g;d4 ,! price is dep5d5t on ! fluctuat+ price ( t91 :i* is some:at l[] n[4 ,( c\rse !y are s5t out 9 pieces4 ,cases hold+ pieces = #ajj boxes weigh #d cwt4 ,! firm tell me t ,messrs4 ,s*ne1 ,kilburn & ,co41 & ,messrs4 ,begg1 ,dunlop & ,co41 9 ,calcutta1 h consignm5ts ( ! boxes1 s any ( y\r read]s c see !m4 ,9 my op9ion !re are sev]al advantages1 to be d]iv$ f _! use3-- #a4 ,!y w help to op5 up new m>kets4 ,! unga9ly1 unwieldly packages we h us$ hi!rto are c]ta9ly detrim5tal1 at lea/ :]e ,indian ,teas are n kn[n4 ,by ! use ( ^! t9 boxes ! sale ( our ,teas w\ld1 ,i am sure1 be ext5d$ at home1 & !y w\ld also give great facilities = successfully introduc+ ,indian ,tea into ,au/ralia1 ,canada1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,cape1 c4 ,x seems "s ,indian ,tea has already be5 s5t home 9 ^! t9s1 & ,i am told x met ) a ready sale1 q to #h;d4 p] lb4 ov] :at x w\ld h br\ght 9 *e/s4 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 too good to la/1 b less ?an "o p5ny a lb4 increase w\ld pay = _! use4 #b4 ,! sale ( ,indian ,tea 9 ,india w\ld be develop$ by us+ !m4 #c4 ,! t>es ( ^! boxes is & mu/ be exact1 viz41 #c lbs4 #ae-a_/b oz41 s only a few w\ld be op5$ at ! ,cu/om ,h\se1#aje & ! great loss by ! det]ioration ( ,tea be+ expos$ 7few "k h[ great x is7 w\ld be avoid$4 #d4 ,!re is no d\bt ,tea w keep bett] 9 transit 9 ^! boxes ?an 9 our old packages4 ,h[ (t5 are ! latt] brok5 & ! lead torn6 ,?is evil w\ld be q avoid$4 ,!re seems to me to be b "o d\btful po9t4 ,! boxes _c be s5t loose on bo>d %ip3 h[ !n are !y to be pack$8 ,*e/s hold+ f\r t9 boxes 7 recomm5d$1 b !y d n smile on me4 ,true1 !y might be made v light3 /ill !y w\ld add to ! size1 weight1 & co/ consid]ably4 ,i ?9k crates ( /rong light batt5s w\ld answ] p]fectly1 & six1 or p]haps eight boxes might !n be plac$ 9 ea*4 ,h[ev]1 ?is is a matt] ( detail1 :i* exp]i5ce w\ld quickly decide4 ,to cont9ue ! advantages3 #e4 ,teas pack$ 9 ^! boxes1 & s sold1 w\ld n be us$ = bol/]+ up ,*9a rubbi%4 ,!y w\ld be drunk pure1 & ?us ! great desid]atum ( tea*+ ! public1 bo? "h & abroad1 to use ,indian ,tea by itself1 w\ld be1 9 a measure1 atta9$4 ,i d n say t any plant] %\ld pack all 8 ,teas 9 ?is new way4 ,! mass ( ,indian ,tea1 d :at we may1 w /ill be us$ to mix ) ,*9a4 ,aga91 ! highe/ class ( ,indian ,teas are n ! ones to comm5ce )4 ,z a rule !y are too exp5sive = ! public to use !m alone4 ,ord9>y ,teas1 or p]haps a mixture :i* c\ld be sold *eaply1 & w\ld be a good h\sehold ,tea1 is :at ,i %\ld recomm5d4 ,x is j ?is k9d :i* is n[ su* a drug 9 ! m>ket1 & necess>ily ! div]sion ( "s ( ?is into o!r *annels w\ld help u greatly4 #f4 ,a consid]able sav+ 9 ! loss ( ,tea at ! ,cu/om ,h\se w\ld result by ! use ( ^! boxes1 z ! foll[+ figures w %[4 ,to beg9 )1 ! trade all[ance ( #a lb4 p] package :i* is n[ all[$ ! buy]1 & :i* is ( c\rse a loss to ! produc]1 w\ld be avoid$2 = ?is all[ance does n apply to any package "u a gross weight ( #bh lbs41 & ^! t9s ) #bj lb4 #b oz4 ( ,tea 9 !m1 w weigh gross only #bd lbs4 #a-a_/b oz4 ,to make ! figures bel[ cle>1 ,i mu/ /ate t ! rule ( ! ,cu/om ,h\se is to disc>d fractions ( a p\nd bo? 9 ! gross & ! t>e4 ,b 9 ! gross ! numb] bel[ is writt51 9 ! t>e ! numb] above4 ,?us1 if ! gross weight ( a package is #acb-a_/b lbs41 ! gross is writt5 #acb4 ,if ! t>e ( a package is #cg-a_/d lbs41 x is writt5 #ch4 ,n[ to take "o extreme case1 to %[ ! loss on our ord9>y ,indian packages3 a *e/ weighs gross1 say1 #acb lbs4 #ae oz42 x is /ill writt5 #acb lbs4 ,! t>e ( ! said package weighs1 say1 #cg lbs4 #a oz43 x is writt5 #ch4 ,! t>e d$uct$ f ! gross gives ! net weight ( ,tea4 ,9 ?is case #acb m9us #ch equals #id lbs41 :i* is all ! produc] is paid =4 ,b ! net weight ( ,tea 9 ! box is #acb lbs4 #ae ozs41 m9us #cg lbs4 #a oz41 equals #ie lbs4 #ad ozs41 & ?us on su* a package !re is a loss ( exactly #a lb4 #ad ozs4 ,add to ?is ! trade all[ance ( "o p\nd1 & ! :ole loss is #b lbs4 #ad ozs41 :i* is ab\t #c p] c5t4 ,x w be obs]v$ t by ?is cu/om ! advantage1 z reg>ds ! duty ( #f;d4 p] lb41 is on ! side ( ! payee1 b none ! less is x to ! loss ( ! produc]4 ,! case quot$ above is1 ( c\rse1 an extreme "o1 b 9 practice ,i believe ! loss ( ,tea on ,indian packages1 includ+ ! trade all[ance1 is n mu* "u #b lbs4 ,9 ! case ( our ord9>y ,indian packages1 if we c\ld regulate our t>es exactly1 s z to make ! gross weight only "o ounce above ! :ole numb]1 & ! t>e "o ounce bel[ ! :ole numb]1 ! loss w\ld necess>ily be mu* decreas$4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is impossible1 =1 z a rule1 ! t>es are "o or two p\nds less :5 !y arrive 9 ,engl& ?an :5 !y left ! g>d51 ow+ to ! wood dry+ 9 transit2 & ?us x is q a *ance :at ! real t>es come out "h4 ,b1 ) ! t9 boxes 9 "q1 ! t>es1 t is _! weight1 be+ fix$ & equal1 & n liable to *ange1 we c s arrange ! weights t ! loss w be v trifl+1 ?us3-- lbs4 ozs4 ,! box weighs #c #ae-a_/b ,we put 9 ,tea #bj #b -------- ,gross ,weight #bd #a-a_/b -------- ,9 ! ,cu/oms ! gross is writt5 #bd lbs4 ,& ! t>e is writt5 #d ------ ,! ,tea paid = w be #bj lbs4 t is a loss ( only #b ounces1 or n mu* above half p] c5t41 in/ead ( ?ree p] c5t41 z %[n 9 ! old packages4 ,%ortly1 to conclude ?is po9t4 ,9 ! case ( ! old packages by no means c we help ourselves2 b1 z %[n1 ) ! t9 boxes1 ! loss ne$ be v little4 ,r\ghly1 ! co/ ( us+ ^! t9 boxes w\ld be1 all told1 f #a-a_/b;d4 to #a-c_/d;d4 p] lb41 & ) our lead-l9$ boxes x av]ages p]haps p] p5ny4 ,! diff]5ce ( a halfp5ny1 or ev5 ?ree f>?+s1 "o p\nd w\ld n be mu* = ! advantages detail$4 ,"o po9t ,i h =gott54 ,if #ejj boxes are ord]$1 ! plantation m>k is put on ! ends ( ! boxes gratis4 ,if less ?an #ejj are ord]$1 ! additional co/ = ?is w\ld be ab\t #e4 ,i hope ! ,syndicate 9 ,calcutta w try ^! boxes4 ,i %all c]ta9ly d s4 ,i enclose ! directions = mak+ up ! t9s1 & hope y w ins]t !m at ! foot ( ?is lett]4 ,read+ ov] ! above1 !re is "o po9t ,i f9d n obs]v$ on z reg>ds ! loss ( ,tea at ! ,cu/om ,h\se4 ,by ! mode ( weigh+1 z expla9$1 ! produc] (t5 loses #b or #c p] c5t41 b /ill1 /range to say1 9 practice1 ?is loss is sometimes m ?an c\nt]balanc$ by ! increas$ weight ( ! ,tea due to ! moi/ure imbib$ :ile expos$ 7if boxes are brok5 9 ! transit7 anyh[ at ! ,cu/om ,h\se4 ,b ,i ne$ n po9t out t ?is ga9 is de>ly b\ght by ! det]ioration ( ! ,tea4 ,! ,cu/om ,h\se proc$ure is bad 9 e way4 ,m on ?is subject lat]4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,! foll[+ is also f ! ,tea ,gazette1 & is mu* 9 fav\r ( ! boxes3-- ,,pack+ ,,( ,,tea ,,9 ,,t9 ,,boxes4 ,9 our issue ( ,novemb] #g?1 #ahha1 we ins]t$ a %ort editorial note que/ion+1 on ! au?ority ( c]ta9 correspond5ts1 ! advisability ( us+ t9 ,tea boxes = ! pack+ ( ,tea1 at ! same "t ask+ our read]s to fav\r u ) _! op9ions on ! subject1 9 case we 7 mis9=m$4 ,our invitation has met ) a response f sev]al qu>t]s1 & ! correspond5ce we h receiv$ leads u to alt] ! op9ion we =m]ly held on ! subject4 ,a g5tleman l>gely int]e/$ 9 ,tea1 b 9 no way connect$ ) ! manufactur]s ( ! pat5t t9 boxes1 writes to u f ,engl&3-- 8,i made enquiries z to ! condition 9 :i* ,tea pack$ 9 ,messrs4 ,h>vey ,bro!rs & ,tyl]'s lacqu]$ t9 boxes is turn$ out 9 ,london4 ,i f\nd t ! ,tea 0 n at all injur$ by ?is me?od ( pack+1 b t its condition is q z good z t ( ,tea pack$ 9 *e/s4 ,messrs4 ,w4 ,j4 & ,h4 ,?ompson assur$ me t y 7 entirely mi/ak5 9 y\r rem>ks z to ! contam9ation1 b !y ?\ght t an objection to ! pack+ 9 ! lacqu]$ t9 boxes 0 ! lab\r ( putt+ up 9 ^! boxes4 ,catalogues 7 %[n me 9 :i* ,i saw t ! ,teas 9 ! lacqu]$ t9 boxes fet*$ high] rates ?an ! same ,teas pack$ 9 *e/s1 ! diff]5ce be+ 9 "o case #c;d4 p] lb40 ,?is is c]ta9ly a mo/ fav\rable te/imony1 & com+ z x does f a dis9t]e/$ p>ty1 :o writes simply 9 def5ce ( :at he consid]s ! "r1 we _c b accept ( 8 /atem5t 9 its entirety4 ,ano!r correspond5t writes3-- 8,i n[ give y a few ( ! sales ( ^! boxes made at public auction dur+ ! la/ mon?1 %ew+ ! pref]5ce ( ! trade = ,tea s pack$1 & ! high] prices realis$4 ,public ,sale #crd ,novemb]4 s4 d4 ,koliab>4 #bh *e/s ,pekoe #a #aj-a_/b p] lb4 ,k4 ,assam4 #bh cases1 ea* #d t9 boxes #b #c_/d ,public ,sale #af? ,novemb]4 ,m4,l4,b4,d4,s4,a4 #cj *e/s ,pekoe #b #a_/d #cj cases1 ea* #d t9 boxes #b #b-a_/b #bj *e/s ,s\*ong #a #c-a_/b #bj cases1 ea* #d t9 boxes #a #d-c_/d ,public ,sale #bcrd ,novemb]4 ,m4,l4,b4,l4,p4 #bj *e/s ,pekoe #a #f-c_/d #ai cases1 ea* #d t9 boxes #a #i-c_/d 8,9 e case ! above ,teas 7 pack$ out ( ! same heap 9 ,india1 & ! diff]5ce 9 ! sell+ price arises *iefly f ! bett] condition ( ! ,tea on arrival1 & ! gr[+ pref]5ce ( ! c\ntry trade = ,teas s pack$40 ,! foll[+ is wor? notice3-- ,,hoop ,,iron4 ,! ,ceylon ,obs]v] says3 8,! plant]s %\ld note ! foll[+ 7writes to u a ,london firm7--,f quotations ly+ be=e u ! prices ( #bb gauge iron hoop+ are z foll[s3 #a_/b;941 #afes4 p] ton2 #e_/h;941 #aajs4 p] ton2 #c_/d;941 #gjs42 #g_/h;941 #fjs42 #a;941 #ejs4 ,?us by us+ "o in* hoop+1 less ?an "o-?ird ! price is paid4 ,! n>r[] ! hoop+1 ! m difficult is x to manufacture40 ,x is also n s /rong4 ,,footnotes3 #id 8,nil ,desp]&um0 evid5tly =esees :at mu/ be soon] or lat]4 ,all int]e/$ 9 ,tea1 own]s1 plant]s1 & inv5tors1 %\ld aid to a*ieve ! result4 #ie 8,nil ,desp]&um0 takes up ?ree spaces--"o bullock 9 ea* outside space & ! hoe 9 ! c5tre4 ,i don't l ! plan4 ,x c\ld n be done :]e ! tea plants are high4 #if ,9 wet wea!r especially ! w>m air g5]at$ 9 ! factory by ! fires 9 x helps ! process4 #ig ,?is1 aft] ! previ\s s5t5ce1 is obscure4--,e4 ,m4 #ih ,i agree ) 8,enquir]0 9 ?is4--,e4 ,m4 #ii ,!y are /ill high] n[4 ,! la/ ?ree mon?s !y h av]ag$ five millions4--,e4 ,m4 #ajj ,i %\ld be glad to be set "r if ,i h n rightly calculat$ ! price ( coke4--7,writ] ( ! lett]47 #aja ,i advise only ^! f\r k9ds4 ,:5 ! trad] becomes m s5sible1 ?ree or ev5 two w\ld be bett]1 b z x is n[ f\r are necess>y4 #ajb ,) a driv+ belt f ! eng9e %aft+4 #ajc ,heat+ be=e pack+ has to be done on a l>ge scale4 ,none ( ! ,dry]s notifi$ are l>ge en\gh4 ,a special ma*9e %\ld be devis$4 #ajd ,top is 8,! ,tea ,g>d520 front1 8,weigh+ ,leaf20 back1 8,pack+20 ends1 8,elephant ) ,h[dah10 or1 if desir$1 ! plantation m>k4 #aje ,! foll[+ are ! numb]s to be op5$ by ! ,cu/om ,h\se regulations3-- ,f #a to #e #a to be turn$ out4 #f #dj #c #da #hj #d #ha #abj #e #aba #bjj #f #bja #cjj #h #cja #ejj #aj #eja #hjj #ab #hja & upw>ds #af ,?is applies to packages ( all sizes & k9ds1 if ! t>es are equal or ne>ly s4 ,if ! diff]5ce 9 ! t>es are n great1 an av]age is /ruck4 ,if t>es are v>i\s all are turn$ out6 ,,*apt] ,,xxxvii4 ,,weigh+ ,,& ,,bulk+ ,,( ,,indian ,,teas ,,at ,,cu/om ,,h\se4 ,"o misappreh5sion ) "s exi/s on ?is head4 ,! weigh+ is done by ! ,cu/oms to asc]ta9 ! am\nt = duty4 ,! bulk+ is done at ! reque/ ( ! v5dor1 ! brok] :o is to sell x1 or ! pur*as]1 & x has to be paid =4 ,two di/9ct injuries are inflict$ on ! produc] by ! pres5t ,cu/om ,h\se sy/em-- #a4 ,! ,tea is mu* damag$ by exposure4 #b4 ,! quantity f\nd is always less ?an ! actual4 ,n[ z to ,no4 #a4 ,:5 we consid] h[ damp ! ,london atmosph]e is at ! be/1 h[ 9 foggy days x teems ) moi/ure1 is x n v c]ta9 t ,teas expos$ to x1 (t5 = days1 det]iorate8 ,:at c>e we take 9 ,india heat+ be=e pack+--c>efully ) lead & sold]1 exclud+ all air--& !n ! ,teas on arrival "h are treat$ z above6 ,x is simply mon/r\s4 ,! foll[+ extract f a lett] to ,home & ,colonial ,mail sets out ! case =cibly3-- ,! blame ought n entirely to be laid ^u ! plant]1 h[ev]1 = c]ta9 facts h come to our k dur+ ! pres5t week z reg>ds ! mann] 9 :i* ,indian ,teas are bulk$ at "s ( ! ,london w>eh\ses1 :i* some:at expla9s h[ depreciation 9 quality comes ab\t4 ,we b\ght sev]al breaks ( ,tea 9 ! sales ?is week1 :i* 7 /at$ to be bulk$ & ready = sampl+ six days be=e ! sale2 & yet we "k = a fact t "s ( ^? v ,teas 7 n put back into ! *e/ till ! day aft] ! sale1 if ev5 !n4 ,m or less moi/ure is always to be f\nd 9 ! ,london atmosph]e1 p>ticul>ly 9 ra9y wea!r1 & !re c be no "q t incalculable injury w\ld be done to a f9e ,tea by sev5 days' exposure on ! floor ( a w>eh\se4 ,! damage & loss falls entirely on ! buy]4 ,! effects ( x are n se5 at once1 b !re c be little d\bt t a gradual depreciation sets 91 consequ5t on ! absorption ( moi/ure4 ,no r$ry+ process foll[s2 ! ,tea is simply fill$ back into ! *e/s :5 sev5 days ( neglect h done :at mis*ief is possible4 ,is x to be wond]$ at t samples drawn f su* a break ( ,tea a few mon?s aft] x has be5 bulk$ 9 ,london w h lo/ all _! fre%ness & malty smell8 ,j4 ,c4 ,,taylor ,,& ,,colman4 ,i h no reason to ?9k ! delay above is v unusual1 & ,i mu/ add to ! above1 t :5 ! *e/s are clos$ no attempt is made ev5 to cov] ! top ) lead1 mu* less to resold] x4 ,"s pap] on top is all attempt$4 ,i ne$ say no m to prove t ! quality ( ,indian ,teas is mo/ s]i\sly damag$ at ! ,cu/om ,h\se4 ,n[ z to ,no4 #b4 ,! loss 9 quantity to produc]4 ,! foll[+ article1 :i* ,i wrote to ! ,indian ,tea ,gazette 9 #ahha1 %[s h[ inv>iable ! loss mu/ be3-- ,! loss ( ,tea by ! mode adopt$ at ! ,cu/om ,h\se 9 ,engl& is great4 ,:5 ,teas are sold at ,calcutta1 ?\gh ! ,engli% ,cu/om ,h\se regulations d n !n affect u imm$iately1 !y d s indirectly4 ,if pur*as]s 9 ,calcutta ga9 by our ,teas1 !y w bid m2 if !y lose1 !y w bid less4 ,besides1 _m ,teas are sold 9 ,london4 ,to und]/& :at foll[s1 x is necess>y to rememb] t-- ,g>d5 ,invoices nev] g to ,cu/om ,h\se4 ,cu/om ,h\se arrives at weight ( ,tea by weigh+ ! package = 8gross10 & !n turn+ out ,tea1 weigh+ box1 lead1 nails1 iron hoop+1 9 fact all b ,tea1 = 8t>e20 gross weight1 m9us t>e1 is ! weight ( ,tea !y dem& duty on1 & ! weight s f\nd by ,cu/om ,h\se is all ! produc] or import] gets paid =4#ajf ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t ! less ,tea decl>$ by ,cu/oms means a loss to produc] & a ga9 to buy]4 ,to ! latt] 9 two ways1 viz41 less ,tea to pay = ?an is really !re1 & a sav+ ( #f;d4 p] lb4 duty6 ,b to %[1 n[1 h[ ! loss occurs4 ,:5 weigh+ = gross1 ! fractions ( a p\nd are disc>d$2 :5 weigh+ = t>es1 ! p\nds above ! actual weight are writt54 ,! greate/ loss t c occur by ?is me?od1 on "o package1 is #a p\nd #ad ounces ( ,tea4 ,x 7?is greate/ loss7 mu/ always occur :5 ! gross is #a ounce %ort ( a p\nd1 & ! t>e #a ounce m ?an ! p\nd4 ,,no4 #a ,,example4 ,gross & t>e c be put at any figures z to p\nds4 ,x w always come out ! same4 ,say1 !re=e1 lbs4 oz4 ,gross #acb #ae actual weights tak5 at ,t>e 7d$uct$7 #cg #a ,cu/om ,h\se4 ---------- ,actual ,tea 9 *e/ #ie #ad ,by rule quot$ ! gross & t>e weights are set d[n at ,cu/om ,h\se-- lbs4 ,gross #acb ,t>e 7d$uct$7 #ch ----- ,actual ,tea ?us paid = #id p\nds--on :i* duty is also paid4 ,!re=e ! loss on ! *e/ is #a p\nd #ad ounces4 ,! lea/ loss t c take place 7:5 ounces occur 9 gross & t>e7 is #b ounces4 ,to insure ?is ! gross mu/ be #a ounce m ?an ! p\nd1 & ! t>e #a ounce bel[4 ,,no4 #b ,,example4 ,say any figures 9 p\nds4 lbs4 oz4 ,gross #acc #a actual weights tak5 at ,t>e 7d$uct$7 #cf #ae ,cu/om ,h\se4 -------- ,actual ,tea 9 *e/ #if #b ,b aga91 by rule quot$1 x is writt5 by ,cu/oms-- lbs4 ,gross #acc ,t>e 7d$uct$7 #cg ----- ,actual ,tea paid = #if p\nds1 on :i* duty is also paid4 ,!re=e ! loss on *e/ is #b ounces only4 ,n[ did weights turn out ! same 9 ,london t !y 7 on ! g>d51 we c\ld1 by do+ z 9 la/ example1 insure only ! above trifl+ #b ounce loss4 ,b x is n s4 ,! wood dries & ?us makes bo? ! gross & t>e less4 ,! loss !n comes out any?+ betwe5 #b ounces & #a p\nd #ad ounces4 ,i f9d ! foll[+ simple rule w give ! exact loss on ea* & e weight ( bo? gross & t>e4 ,rule4--,add ! ounces above a p\nd 9 ! gross to ! ounces %ort ( a p\nd 9 ! t>e4 ,! sum ( ! two1 9 ounces1 w be ! loss ( ,tea on ! package4 ,?is is only "p ( ! article4 ,i break (f "h to add a few rem>ks m appropriate n[ ?an :at ,i !n wrote4 ,!re are means by :i* ?is v>y+ loss1 ( :i* ! maximum is #a p\nd #ad ounces1 c be r$uc$ to #d ounces only on ea* & e *e/4 ,i admit ! proc$ure is sc>cely practical1 b z no?+ c demon/rate bett] ! absurdity ( ! sy/em z pursu$ at ! ,cu/oms1 ,i give x "h4 ,h[ c we insure ! lea/ loss1 tak+ into consid]ation ! fact t ! weights ( bo? ! gross & t>e1 because ( ! wood dry+ & light5+ 9 transit1 c nev] come out ! same at ! ,cu/om ,h\se 9 ,london z !y 7 on ! g>d54 ,we c d x ?us3 ! ,tea if well pack$ 9 a *e/ 9 no way alt]s 9 weight dur+ transit4 ,if dry1 :5 put up1 x _c become light]2 if ! lead5 cov]+ is air-tight1 x c absorb no moi/ure1 :i* w\ld ( c\rse make x heavi]4 ,i !re=e beg ! "q t x is a fix$ quantity1 = x mu/ be s if well pack$4 ,we h !re=e only to consid] ! gross & ! t>e1 &1 z %[n1 ! loss 9 ,tea1 v>y+ f #b ounces to #a p\nd #ad ounces1 dep5ds entirely on ! weights ^! are f\nd to be at ! ,cu/om ,h\se4 ,9 o!r words1 if we c insure ! gross !re be+ b little ov] any ev5 numb] ( p\nds1 & ! t>e !re be+ b little bel[ any o!r ev5 numb] ( p\nds1 we atta9 7approximately7 ! lea/ loss we c be mulct$ 94 ,begg+ ! "q t we c add to1 or detract f1 ! gross weight ( ea* *e/ 9 ! ,cu/om ,h\se 7be=e x is put into ! scales by ! (fic] !re7 by ! addition or subtraction ( a few nails if ! weight is ne>ly :at we want1 or pieces ( hoop iron if ! actual v>ies mu* f ! desir$ weight--,i say1 if we c d ?is1 we c insure approximately ! m9imum ( loss4 ,i g to %[ h[ ?is is to be done4 ,pack ! ,tea 9 ! usual way1 b :atev] ! quantity x is desir$ to put into ! *e/ 7x c be v>i$ ) ea* class1 = x matt]s n :at ! weight is 9 p\nds7 add to x #d ounces1 & be v c>eful t ! :ole weight ( ,tea is exactly ! numb] ( p\nds requir$1 plus #d ounces--= ! :ole success ( ! plan dep5ds on ?is weight be+ exact4 ,no?+ m is requir$ to be done at ! ,factory ?an has be5 done hi!rto1 = x matt]s n "o /raw1 z reg>ds ! success ( ! plan1 :at ! gross & t>e ( ea* package is1 nor :at ! weight ( ,tea is1 z long z exactly #d ounces above an ev5 numb] ( p\nds is !re2 nei!r does x signify h[ mu* ! wood light5s 9 transit1 & ?us decreases ! weights :i* 7 f\nd at ,factory = gross & t>e4 ,! next /ep mu/ be tak5 at ! ,cu/om ,h\se 9 ,london4 ,let ! import] or ! produc]'s ag5t att5d & weigh ea* package himself nicely1 any "t be=e ! weights are to be tak5 by ! ,cu/oms4 ,!n let him make ea* package #b ounces above ! ev5 numb] ( p\nds4 ,?is w be easy en\gh1 by ! addition or subtraction ( a few nails or hoop iron4 ,= in/ance1 suppose ! *e/ to weigh #adj p\nds #f ounces1 he w\ld take away nails or hoop iron weigh+ #d ounces4 ,if x weigh$ #adj p\nds #ac ounces1 he w\ld1 by add+ #e ounces m nails or hoop iron1 make x #ada p\nds #b ounces4 ,all w\ld !n be f9i%$1 & ea* & e package s treat$ w\ld give a loss 9 ,tea ( #d ounces only4 ,if my plan c\ld be c>ri$ out 7z ! m9imum loss o!rwise is #b ounces1 & ! maximum #a p\nd #ad ounces ! mean is "o p\nd71 we save a loss ( ! said p\nd on ea* *e/1 m9us ! loss we comp\nd =1 viz41 #d ounces4 ,t is to say1 we ga9 #ab ounces on ea* package :i*1 9 a break ( #b or #c hundr$ *e/s1 means a good deal to ! produc] or ,cu/oms6 ,i w give "o example 9 figures4 ,any o!r possible figures c be tri$3 x w always come out ! same1 if ! weight ( ,tea is exactly #d ounces above any giv5 numb] ( p\nds4 ,,no4 #c4 ,,example4 lbs4 oz4 ,results at ,g>d54 ,tea1 any numb] ( p\nds ) #d ounces add$ 7say7 #ajj #d ,t>e 7any figure7 7say7 #dc #f ------- ,gross at ,g>d5 #adc #aj ------- ,! wood light5s 9 transit any am\nt 7x is immat]ial71 say #ae ounces4 lbs4 oz4 ,! weights at ! ,cu/om ,h\se ,gross #adb #aa !n become ,t>e #db #g ------- ,weight ,tea z be=e #ajj #d ------- ,at ,cu/om ,h\se 7z detail$7 by add+ #g ounces ( nails or hoop iron make lbs4 oz4 ,gross #adc #b ,! t>e w !reby necess>ily be increas$ #g oz4 & become ,t>e #db #ad ------- ,weight tea z be=e #ajj #d ------- lbs4 ,^! weights are writt5 at ,gross #adc ,cu/om ,h\se ,t>e #dc ---- ,weight ( ,tea f\nd by ,cu/oms is #ajj p\nds :i* is a loss ( #d ounces only z /at$4 ,7 ! plan feasible1 ! ga9 to ! ,indian plant]s w\ld be l>ge4 ,say ?is ye> 7#ahhc71 fifty-sev5 million p\nds are import$1 & n9ety p\nds p] *e/ is tak5 z ! av]age1 ?is gives ov] #fjj1jjj *e/s1 & #ab ounces sav$ on ea* #dej1jjj p\nds1 ( ,tea1 :i* at #ab annas p] p\nd1 ,rs4 #c1cg1jjj4 ,! ga9 to ! ,cu/oms w\ld be #dej1jjj sixp5ces #aa1bej4 ,?is increase to ! ,cu/oms w\ld be atta9$ by simply 7?\gh /ill keep+ "u ! actual weight ( ,tea 9 ea* *e/7 tak+ ! cont5ts m correctly4 ,! above %[s1 if figures w %[ any?+1 t a great loss to bo? ! produc] & ,cu/oms takes place by ! sy/em 9 vogue4 ,z ! only object ( ! ,cu/oms %\ld be to arrive at ! true weight ( ,tea 9 ! mo/ exp$iti\s & simple way1 h[ v absurd is ! sy/em pursu$6 ,:at ! t>e is c 9 no way signify to !m2 all !y really want is ! weight ( ! ,tea4 ,! absurdity ( ! sy/em is prov$ by ! fact 7demon/rat$7 t ! results to bo? produc] & ,cu/oms c be alt]$ by ! addition or subtraction 9 ! ,cu/om-h\se ( a few nails6 ,h[ easy to weigh ! ,tea itself6 ,:at possible objection c exi/8 ,! ,indian ,tea ,di/ricts ,association hav+ fail$ to move ! ,cu/oms1 h q lately address$ ! foll[+ ,memorial to ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,india3-- ,,to ,,! ,,"r ,,hon\rable ,,! ,,e>l ,,( ,,kimb]ley1 ,,h] ,,maje/y',s ,,secret>y ,,( ,,/ate ,,= ,,india4 ,! ,petition ( ! ,indian ,tea ,di/ricts ,association %ewe?-- ,t y\r ,petition]s are a body repres5t+ ! int]e/s connect$ ) ! cultivation ( ,tea 9 ,briti% ,india1 9 :i* ent]prise ,briti% capital to ! ext5t ( ov] fifte5 millions /]l+ has be5 inve/$4 ,t ! indu/ry dates f ! ye> #ahch1 :5 ! fir/ consignm5t ( ,indian ,tea1 consi/+ ( #def lbs41 rea*$ ! ,london m>ket4 ,t ! imports ( ,indian ,tea = ! ye> end+ #cj? ,june1 #ahhb1 7 #di1ejc1jjj lbs41 hav+ a value ( m ?an #c1cjj1jjj /]l+2 :ile ! e/imat$ importation = ! curr5t season is upw>ds ( #ee1jjj1jjj lbs41 or fully "o-?ird ( ! entire consumption ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom = ! ye>4 ,t ! contribution to ! ,rev5ue accru+ f ,cu/oms' import duty on ! above quantity ( ,tea w exce$ a million & a qu>t] /]l+4 ,t ! :ole ( ?is l>ge quantity is manufactur$ & pack$ on betwe5 #b1gjj & #b1hjj sep>ate e/ates1 situat$ on v>i\s p>ts ( ,h4,m4's ,indian dom9ions4 ,t ! boxes 9 :i* ! ,teas are pack$ are 9 great "p made ( su* wood z c be obta9$ on ! sev]al e/ates1 or pur*as$ f ! neighb\r+ ,=e/ ,dep>tm5t1 & x is v important on economic gr\nds1 z also 9 ! manife/ int]e/s ( ! di/ricts1 t ?is %\ld be exclusively ! case4 ,t x has be5 f\nd1 "u ^! conditions1 practically impossible to meet ! imp]ative ,cu/om-h\se /&>d ( close uni=mity ( t>e weight :5 ! *e/s rea* ! ,bond$ ,w>eh\ses "h4 ,t y\r ,petition]s h reason to compla9 ( ! sy/em ( weigh+ ! ,teas 9 ! said w>eh\ses = ! purpose ( levy+ ! duty4 ,t ! pres5t sy/em ( weigh+ is to weigh ea* package 9 ! gross1 !n to turn out ! cont5ts1 weigh ! empty case1 & ?us arrive at ! nett weight ( ! cont5ts4 ,t ! only exception to ?is rule is :5 ! package1 i4e41 ! empty cases1 9 a ,break closely approximate 9 weight4 ,t by ! said sy/em ( weigh+1 two s]i\s injuries are inflict$ on ! gr[] & import] ( ,indian ,tea1 viz43-- ,9 ! fir/ place1 a loss ( weight is su/a9$ by ! fractions ov] ! ev5 p\nd 9 bo? gross & t>e be+ giv5 aga9/ ! sell]1 & 9 fav\r ( ! buy]1 am\nt+1 x may be1 to #a lb4 #ae oz41 or an av]age ( ab\t #a lb4 9 e package weigh+ ov] #bh lbs4 gross1 9 addition to ! usual trade all[ance ( #a lb4 p] package4 ,secondly1 & by f> ! m s]i\s grievance1 v great injury is caus$ to ! ,teas by ! process ( turn+ !m out ( ! packages1 9 :i* !y arrive h]metically seal$1 = ! purpose ( weigh+ ! empty packages4 ,! ,teas are ?us expos$ to ! atmosph]e1 ! humidity ( :i* !y readily absorb1 & su/a9 fur!r s]i\s injury & depreciation by breakage f r\gh h&l+ 9 ! process ( repack+3 ! lead l9+s also are s torn 9 ! process z to be r5d]$ comp>atively useless = ! purpose = :i* !y 7 int5d$1 elicit+ l\d compla9ts f ! trade ( ! rapid loss ( condition ( ! ,teas4 ,t ! concession ( ?is ,petition1 by r5d]+ x unnecess>y to turn out m ?an a small p]c5tage ( ! *e/s to te/ ! correct weight ( cont5ts1 w\ld admit ( ! ,teas be+ bulk$ 9 ,india2 & :ile x w\ld free ! indu/ry f an injuri\s & vexati\s re/riction1 & admit ( ! ,teas rea*+ ! consum] 9 a pur] & s\nd] condition1 x w\ld also greatly simplify & r$uce ! "w ( ! ,cu/oms4 ,t ! =ego+ /ati/ics significantly demon/rate ! importance ( ! ,indian ,tea indu/ry to bo? ,engl& & ,india1 & con/itute a claim to ! fav\rable consid]ation ( bo? ,gov]nm5ts1 especially t ( ,india1 on ! gr\nd ( ! b5efit accru+ to ! di/ricts 9 :i* x is conduct$1 & ! increm5t ( ,/ate rev5ue to :i* x has directly & indirectly conduc$4 ,t hav+ reg>d to ! exi/+ close & h>d5+ competition ) ,*9a1 ,japan1 & o!r ,tea produc+ c\ntries1 y\r ,petition]s naturally feel aggriev$ t ! important indu/ry !y repres5t %\ld be hamp]$ 9 ! conte/ by ! re/rictive & sup]flu\s imp$im5t =m+ ! subject ( _! petition4 ,t y\r ,petition]s h unsuccessfully urg$ on ! ,commission]s ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,cu/oms ! adoption ( ?is *ange ( sy/em1 & !re=e v5ture to address y\r ,lord%ip4 ,t y\r ,petition]s beg to ref] to ! accompany+ copies ( correspond5ce betwe5 ! ,association & ! ,commission]s ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,cu/oms annex$ to ?is ,petition4 ,t ! accompany+ ,memorial sign$ by ! lead+ m]cantile firms & o!rs 9 ,calcutta1 int]e/$ 9 ! gr[? & export ( ,indian ,tea1 is an illu/ration ( ! feel+ 9 ,india on ! subject ( ?is ,petition4 ,y\r ,petition]s !re=e pray-- ,t y\r ,lord%ip w k9dly take su* /eps z may be necess>y to secure = y\r ,petition]s ! relief s\ght =4 ,& y\r ,petition]s w ev] pray1 c4 ,t4 ,d4 ,,=sy?1 ,*airman ( ! ,association4 ,,erne/ ,,tye1 ,secret>y4 ,! foll[+ reply 0 receiv$3-- ,,india ,,(fice1 ,s4,w41 #bh? ,febru>y1 #ahhc4 ,,sir1--,i am direct$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,india 9 ,c\ncil to ackn[l$ge ! receipt ( ! ,memorial address$ to ! ,,e>l ,,( ,,kimb]ley by ! ,indian ,tea ,di/ricts ,association1 respect+ ! me?od ( weigh+ ,indian ,tea at ! ,cu/om ,h\se4 ,9 reply1 ,i am to in=m y t ! ,memorial has be5 =w>d$ to ! ,lords ,commission]s ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,treasury1 ) ! expression ( ,,"l ,,kimb]ley',s hope t :atev] is practicable may be done to rem$y ! grievance compla9$ ( by ! memoriali/s 9 ! int]e/s ( ! ,indian ,tea trade4 ,i am1 ,sir1 y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 7,sign$7 ,j4 ,k4 ,,cross4 ,! ,secret>y1 ,indian ,tea ,di/ricts ,association4 ,x is possible1 !re=e1 t "s improvem5t w n[ be accompli%$4#ajg ,b at ! ,,crut*$ ,,fri>s ,w>eh\se 7belong+ to ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,india ,docks7 a great advance has already be5 made4 ,! ,tea !re is n[ bulk$1 & re-pack$ by ma*9]y4 ,! ,directors mo/ k9dly invit$ me to come & witness ! process4 ,i w5t1 & 0 m ?an pleas$ ) :at ,i saw4 ,! ma*9]y1 & all connect$ ) ! process1 is s well describ$ 9 an article 9 ! ,home & ,colonial ,mail1 ,i _c d bett] ?an give x "h3-- ,,tea ,,bulk+ ,,at ,,! ,,ea/ ,,& ,,we/ ,,india ,,dock ,,company',s ,,w>eh\ses1 ,,9 ,,crut*$ ,,fri>s4 ,x is n a little /range t ! importance ( effect+ improvem5ts 9 ! pres5t sy/em ( ,tea bulk+1 :i* has ex]cis$ ! m9ds ( ,tea gr[]s & import]s s mu* ( late1 %\ld h hi!rto be5 neglect$ or ignor$ by ! proprietors ( ! v>i\s bond$ w>eh\ses 9 ,london :]e9 ! ,tea is bulk$ & /or$4 ,t ,tea may be1 & only too commonly is1 bulk$ by an antiquat$ & unsatisfactory process is a fact :i* is well kn[n to all :o are int]e/$ 9 ! matt]4 ,h[ ?is result is arriv$ at w be se5 lat] on2 at pres5t we desire to %[ t at lea/ at "o w>eh\se ! "q has receiv$ ! att5tion :i* x des]ves1 & to expla91 s f> z may be possible1 ! /eps :i* h be5 tak5 9 ! matt]4 ,x is1 !n1 t old & p[]ful body1 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,india ,dock ,company1 :o h tak5 up ! matt]4 ,at ! in/ance ( ,mr4 ,du ,plat ,taylor1 ! able & en]getic secret>y ( ! company1 support$ by ! equally en]getic w>eh\se sup]9t5d5t1 ,mr4 ,rob]t ,adams1 ! arrangem5ts = bulk+ ,tea at ! w>eh\se ( ! ,company h be5 v greatly improv$4 ,m ?an ?is2 !re has be5 inv5t$ & set up a special & v +5i\s ma*9e = ! bulk+ ( ,tea 9 a mann] :i* avoids all ! fail+s ( ! old sy/em4 ,:at ?is ma*9e is1 & :at its peculi> m]its are1 w be/1 & p]haps only1 be cle>ly und]/ood by a brief description ( ! two sy/ems z we lately saw !m 9 op]ation at ! w>eh\ses ( ! company 9 ,crut*$ ,fri>s1 :i* we may m5tion are ne>] ?an any o!rs to ,m9c+-lane1 an advantage secur+ to plant]s & import]s ! c]ta9ty t _! ,teas w be sampl$ by ! trade g5]ally4 ,"u ! old sy/em1 !n1 ea* *e/ ( a break1 aft] hav+ be5 subject$ to c]ta9 prelim9>y =malities1 is op5$1 & ! ,tea turn$ out 9 a heap on ! floor ( ! w>eh\se4 ,:5 ?is is done ! ,tea is bulk$ by means ( wood5 spades1 ea* spadeful be+ ?r[n to ! top ( ! c5tral heap1 s t x falls ov] & on all sides4 ,"h ! ,tea lies until x is plac$ back aga9 9 ! *e/s aft] !y are t>$1 !re be+ a consid]able int]val at "s ( ! ,london w>eh\ses betwe5 ! bulk+ & refill+4 ,! refill+ is ?us accompli%$4 ,! ,tea is fir/ put into bags & weigh$ on a ma*9e at ! side ( ! bulk4 ,! bag & *e/ are !n tak5 (f ! weigh+ ma*9e & ! cont5ts ( ! bag are empti$ into ! *e/4 ,! ,tea1 h[ev]1 requires "s pressure to =ce x into ! *e/1 & ?is pressure is obta9$ by an exp$i5t ( a v primitive k9d4 ,:5 ! *e/ is p>tly fill$ a man gets 9 & presses d[n ! ,tea by tread+ on x4 ,s soon z ! ,tea is all 9 ! *e/ ! package is prop]ly secur$1 & ! op]ation is complet$4 ,n[ ! s]i\s faults ( ?is plan are at once app>5t4 ,9 ! fir/ place ! ,tea1 be+ 9 heaps on ! floor ( ! w>eh\se ) a l>ge surface expos$ to ! atmosph]e1 runs ! risk ( los+ a great deal ( its fre%ness & aroma1 ?is risk be+ l>gely increas$ by ! doors ( ! w>eh\se be+ kept op5 9 ord] to dis*>ge or to receive m]*&ise 9 all wea!rs4 ,no atmosph]ic influ5ces are calculat$ to b5efit ,tea4 ,!n1 aga91 ! %ovell+ ( ! ,tea by means ( wood5 spades1 & ! tread+ into ! *e/s1 c h>dly d o!rwise ?an injure ! ,tea--! fill+ 9 a m9or degree & ! tread+ to a m s]i\s ext5t1 ! result be+1 ( c\rse1 t ! ,tea is depreciat$4 ,! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,india ,dock ,company h made ! be/ ( ?is primitive me?od ( ,tea bulk+4 ,9 ! fir/ place x is insi/$ on 9 _! w>eh\ses t previ\s to trampl+ ! ,tea into ! *e/s1 a clo? %all be plac$ ov] x to pres]ve x f ! dirt ( ! man's boots1 & to "s ext5t f injury--a precaution :i*1 /range z x may seem1 is n tak5 9 e bond$ w>eh\se4 ,!n1 aga91 ,mr4 ,adams1 ! w>eh\se sup]9t5d5t--:o c\ld h>dly h ! int]e/s ( plant]s & import]s m at he>t 7 he 89 ,tea0 himself--uses 8 be/ endeav\rs to refill ! boxes ) z little delay z possible1 & ?us to prev5t x f be+ injur$ by undue exposure to ! atmosph]e4 ,he also keeps ! floors ( ! w>eh\se z clean z practicable4 ,b feel+ t ! be/ ef=ts1 h[ev] well devis$1 & h[ev] /r5u\sly c>ri$ out1 mu/ necess>ily be att5d$ ) b p>tial success1 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,india ,dock ,company h erect$--z has already be5 m5tion$--a ,tea bulk+ ma*9e1 a device :i* is +5i\s & m]itori\s1 & :i* seems to be1 s f> z x has be5 tri$1 a great success4 ,?is ma*9e1 design$ by ,mr4 ,tydeman1 ( ! company's eng9e]+ /aff1 & con/ruct$ "u 8 sup]vision1 consi/s1 fir/ly1 ( a l>ge holl[ revolv+ drum weigh+ ne>ly two & a-half tons1 & ( suffici5t capacity to ?or\ghly bulk ab\t #ej *e/s ( ,tea4 ,! drum is made to hold ab\t #ajj *e/s ( ,tea1 :i* leaves ample space = ! bulk+ ( ! above quantity4 ,inside ?is drum are frames fitt$ at int]vals ) iron rods1 & ext5d+ at v>y+ angles f ! axle ( ! drum to its extremity4 ,ext]nally ! drum has two op5+s = ! reception ( ! ,tea1 & two small] ones = its dis*>ge4 ,9 a l9e ) ! axle ( ! drum1 "s height f ! floor1 is a plat=m to :i* ! *e/s are convey$ by a d\ble lift :i* simultane\sly asc5ds ) a full *e/ & br+s d[n an empty "o4 ,adjuncts to ! ma*9e are a weigh+ ma*9e1 a press]1 & f\r beat]s--( ! two latt] ! nature & object w be imm$iately app>5t4 ,! process ( bulk+ z effect$ by ?is ma*9e is briefly z foll[s3 ,! drum be+ revolv$ till its receiv+ op5+s are level ) ! plat=m1 a *e/ ( ,tea is rais$1 z be=e expla9$1 & ! cont5ts exam9$ on ! door ( ! drum1 :i* falls back into a horizontal position = t purpose1 !n by clos+ ! tray or door ! ,tea is pass$ into ! drum4 ,! lift !n br+s up ano!r full *e/ & takes d[n ! empti$ "o1 :i* is at once tak5 to a scale = t>+ purposes1 & s ! process is cont9u$ till ! break is exhau/$4 ,?is fill+ process c be c>ri$ on at bo? sides ( a drum at once1 z !re are two op5+s & two lifts4 ,! ,tea be+ 91 ! drum is made to revolve1 :5 ! iron frames ?or\ghly mix ! ,tea 9 a v few revolutions--?ree w\ld suffice4 ,! drum has n[ to be empti$1 & ?is op]ation is effect$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3--,! revolution ( ! drum is /opp$ :5 ! op5+s ?r\gh :i* ! ,tea is releas$ are br\ght ov] ! weigh+ ma*9es--!re are two = great] exp$ition--on :i* are plac$ ! *e/s ready to receive x4 ,! deliv]y doors 7work$ by lev]s7 be+ op5$1 ! ,tea is all[$ to desc5d till ! *e/ is ab\t half full1 :5 ! press] & beat]s are br\ght into play by hydraulic pressure4 ,! press] is a piece ( flat iron ab\t an in* 9 ?ickness1 removable at pleasure1 & v>ies 9 size to fit ei!r a *e/ or a box4 ,! beat]s are f\r pieces ( ! same metal1 :i* support ! *e/ s soon z x is on ! weigh+ ma*9e4 ,:5 ! *e/ is p>tly fill$1 ! beat]s are releas$1 &1 by ! action ( a :eel1 are made to /rike all f\r sides ( ! *e/1 & ?us %ake ! ,tea d[n4 ,! press] is also br\ght d[n to press ! ,tea 94 ,! action ( bo? ( ^! ag5ts c be regulat$ to any requir$ degree ( =ce4 ,?us by degrees ! *e/ is fill$1 & 7! support+ beat]s hav+ be5 releas$ & ! press] rais$7 is weigh$ & ultimately remov$4 ,su*1 9 brief1 is ! action ( ! new ,tea bulk+ ma*9e4 ,"o or two po9ts1 h[ev]1 rema9 to be m5tion$4 ,! p[] by :i* ! ma*9e is actuat$ is hydraulic4 ,! press] w n injure ! ,tea4 ,! beat]s s]ve ! triple purpose ( hold+ ! *e/ 9 position on ! weigh+ ma*9e1 ( support+ x %\ld x be ( weak con/ruction1 & ( mat]ially assi/+ ! repack+ ( ! ,tea4 ,! beat+ action does n 9 any way injure ! *e/s4 ,our read]s w also be pleas$ to "k t c]ta9 v m>k$ improvem5ts ev5 ^u ! above describ$ are already 9 h& by ?is ,dock ,company--improvem5ts :i* w greatly increase ! value & usefulness ( _! ma*9]y = bulk+ ,teas4 ,to descant on ! advantages ov] ! old sy/em ( bulk+ :i* are possess$ by ! ma*9e :i* has be5 describ$ w\ld be little bett] ?an a wa/e ( "t4 ,yet "s few po9ts may be briefly ref]r$ to4 ,fir/1 cleanl9ess is secur$1 = f fir/ to la/ ! ,tea is nev] t\*$ by h& or foot4 ,aga91 ! ,tea _c be injur$1 nor c x lose its aroma1 = x is nev] expos$ to ! atmosph]e at all4 ,in/ead ( be+ all[$ to lie on ! floor ( ! w>eh\se = any p]iod1 ! entire process ( bulk+ is complet$ )\t break or delay4 ,! ,directors ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,india ,dock ,company are n1 ( c\rse1 s sangu9e z to imag9e t ! old sy/em ( bulk+ w be at once ab&on$2 inde$1 !y h1 z has be5 m5tion$1 tak5 /eps to improve t sy/em2 !y d1 h[ev]1 ?9k t x %\ld be ab&on$1 & to t end h adopt$ ! ,tea ,bulk+ ,ma*9]y z an alt]native1 & an immeasurably sup]ior process4 ,t !y are ju/ifi$ 9 ?is view !re c be no d\bt 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o h witness$ bo? ! sy/ems 9 op]ation4 ,! said ma*9]y is at ! ,,crut*$ ,,fri>s ,w>eh\se alone1 & x is1 ( c\rse1 v desirable ! ma*9]y %\ld be adopt$ 9 all ,tea w>eh\ses4 ,?is end w be quickly br\ght ab\t if ^? :o s5d _! ,tea home1 & ! import]s "h1 insi/ on _! ,tea be+ s5t to ?is "o w>eh\se t has ! ma*9]y4 ,:at an advantage to own]s & manag]s ( ,tea e/ates is ! fact t ,tea bulk$ by ma*9]y at ,,crut*$ ,,fri>s is n expos$ to ! *angeable ,engli% atmosph]e1 or at lea/ n = m ?an a few m9utes1 & consequ5tly is n s likely to be class$ z 8flat40 ,h[ _m plant]s are !re :o1 aft] tak+ especial c>e 9 ! manufacture ( _! crop1 f9d to _! *agr9 t on arrival 9 ,london 7& aft] exposure probably = "s days71 ! %ipm5t is describ$ z 8flat10 & wor? s _m p5ce p] lb4 less ?an if ! atmosph]ic exposure _h n occurr$4 ,x appe>s to me t v little1 add$ to ! help ?is new ma*9]y gives1 w\ld n[ d away ) all ! injury ! produc] & ! ,tea has hi!rto borne 9 ! ,cu/oms4 ,s mu* has n[ be5 accompli%$ by ?is ma*9]y1 ! ,tea is well bulk$1 & receives no injury :atev] !reby4 ,b two fur!r improvem5ts are requir$3-- #a4 ,t ! actual weight ( ,tea 9 ea* *e/ 7disc>d+ ounces7 be record$1 & t ?us ! loss to ! produc] & ! ,cu/oms1 detail$ above1 be avoid$4 #b4 ,t ! lead at top ( ! ,tea be c>efully replac$ & resold]$1 s t e *e/ %all leave ! ,cu/om ,h\se 9 z good condition z x ent]$ x4 ,v little addition to ! ma*9]y detail$ above w\ld accompli% ! fir/4 ,! *e/ ready to receive ! ,tea1 plus ! lid & top lead 7:i* %\ld h be5 c>efully remov$71 might be weigh$ on ! plat=m at ! side ( ! big drum 7by simply mak+ ! said plat=m a weigh+ ma*9e7 & weigh$ aga9 :5 fill$1 ) ! lid & lead laid on x4 ,! diff]5ce ( ! two weights w\ld1 ( c\rse1 be ! weight ( ! ,tea4 ,! second is a "q ( exp5se2 x w\ld n be great if done sy/ematically4 ,! *e/ %\ld be c>efully op5$1 & ! top lead remov$ 9 a squ>e piece ne>ly ! size ( ! box4 ,:5 replac$1 a n>r[ /rip ( lead1 sold]$ d[n on ei!r side1 w\ld make ! cov]+ complete4 ,ju/ice w n be done to ,indian ,teas till ?is la/ is accompli%$4 ,:o %\ld be> ! exp5se8 ,! *e/s are receiv$ into ! ,cu/oms = ! b5efit ( ! ,rev5ue1 & :o c d\bt1 7 ! "q tri$ 9 a ,c\rt ( ,law1 t !y are b\nd to return !m 9 z good condition z !y 7 receiv$4 ,!y d n1 & h nev] done s1 & ,i only wond] ! trade has /ood x s long1 & has n su$ !m4 ,7 ! c\rse ,i advise foll[$ out1 !re w\ld rema9 no cause ( compla9t1 & ! trifl+ co/ ( sold]+ on ! lid aga9 %\ld d\btless1 !re=e1 be borne by ! ,cu/oms4 ,b 9 reality ! ,cu/oms w\ld su/a9 no loss--9 fact1 ! o!r way4 ,i h %[n cle>ly at page #bgh t 7 ! weight ( ,tea correctly record$1 ! ,cu/oms w\ld receive 9 duty upw>ds ( #aa1jjj ea* ye> f ,indian ,tea m ?an x does n[4 ,to re-sold] ! lids on ! boxes w\ld co/ no?+ l t2 & highly z ,indian ,tea is ?\ght ( n[1 h[ mu* high] /ill w\ld x /& 7 x n injur$ to ! frightful ext5t x is 9 pass+ ?r\gh ! ,cu/oms4 ,,conclusion4 ,i lit on ! foll[+ 9 ! ,home & ,colonial ,mail j be=e go+ to press1 & x is too p]t95t to mu* 9 prec$+ pages to omit3-- ,,! ,,*9a ,,tea ,,trade4 ,! influ5ce ( ! expansion ( ! ,indian ,tea ent]prise on ! trade 9 ,*9a is be+ felt4 ,we h m ?an once adv]t$ to ! fact t ! gr[+ use ( ! well-flav\r$ ,teas ( ,india w\ld dim9i% ! consumption ( ! bett] grades ( ,*9a ,tea1 & t ! effect ( ! competition betwe5 ! two c\ntries w\ld be fir/ se5 9 ! fall+ (f 9 ! dem& = s-call$ f9e ,*9a ,tea4 ,! foll[+ lett]1 :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,times ,money article lately1 confirms ?is view1 & ref]s to ! pres5t uns\nd condition ( ! ,*9a ,tea trade3-- 8,sir1--,9 view ( ! op5+ ( ! ,tea season 9 ,*9a1 a few rem>ks ^u ! pres5t position & future prospects ( ?is important trade may n be inopportune4 8,x is no secret t = "s ye>s pa/ ! losses ( m]*ants h be5 s]i\s1 & t :ile mo/ ( ! weal?y firms s long kn[n z connect$ ) ,*9a h ei!r entirely ceas$ to import ,tea1 or h r$uc$ _! op]ations to a v small compass1 ! trade has be5 c>ri$ on by new h\ses possess+ b little capital1 :o are enabl$1 by ! competition ( ! banks1 to d a l>ge bus9ess by draw+ bills on ,*9a1 n only = ! :ole co/ ( ! ,teas pur*as$1 b also = _! commissions on ^! pur*ases--t is to say1 = an unrivall$ pr(it ( #c p] c5t4 ,! "q1 ,:o has s f> paid ! losses ( ! pa/ two ye>s8 is "o t greatly ex]cises ! m9ds ( ! trade4 ,_m suppose t l>ge balances are be+ c>ri$ ov] 9 ! books ( "s ( ! banks1 or by ! ,*9ese1 & t x is ! hope ( rec\p+ a portion ( ?is loss t induces ! banks or ! ,*9am5 to support ^? :o w\ld o!rwise be oblig$ to rel9qui% ! trade4 ,! ,*9ese h also a fur!r inducem5t to support su* firms1 s9ce x is p>tly ?r\gh !m t ^? high prices are e/abli%$ 9 ,*9a at ! op5+ ( ! season :i* entail s mu* loss aft]w>ds4 ,z a result ( ^! prices1 ab\t #cj p] c5t4 m f9e ,cong\ is produc$ ?an 7on acc\nt ( ! competition ( ! ,indian gr[?7 c be consum$ except at ! price ( m$ium ,tea4 ,h[ l>ge ! excess is may be ga!r$ f ! fact t1 al?\gh #e1jjj1jjj lbs4 ( ?is class ( ,tea 0 lo/ la/ ,july 9 ! #8,moskwa' & ! #8,fleurs ,ca/le1' yet /ocks 9 ,russia h increas$ by ab\t #cj1jjj half-*e/s1 & !re is /ill s l>ge a quantity on ?is m>ket t x c only be realiz$ at a loss ( f #e;d4 to #f;d4 p] lb4 on ! ,*9a co/2 ?us "s ,teas1 said to h co/ 9 ,hank[ #as4 #h;d4 to #as4 #i;d41 h be5 rec5tly sold z l[ z #as4 #c;d41 & o!rs co/+ #as4 #g;d4 9 ,foo*[1 h be5 sold at #as4 #a;d4 p] lb4 8,x is evid5t f ! above t m]*ants z a rule d n realize ! imm5se *ange t has be5 br\ght ab\t 9 ! conditions ( ! trade by ! enorm\s increase 9 ! use ( ,indian ,tea1 :i* n[ =ms ab\t "o-?ird ( ! entire home consumption1 & competes mo/ly ) ! f9] qualities ( ,*9a cong\2 nor ! fact t all engag$ 9 ! trade are becom+ ye> by ye> m av]se to hold+ /ock on acc\nt ( ! heavy *>ges involv$1 & ! risk ( det]ioration 9 quality4 ,yet1 z ! :ole twelve mon?s' supply ( fir/ crop ,tea arrives )9 ?ree mon?s ( ! op5+ ( ! season1 x is pla9 t "s "o mu/ hold ! balance1 :i* c only be done ) safety if ! ,tea be b\ght at a v l[ price4 8,! "o rem$y = ! pres5t condition ( ?+s is t ! great bulk ( ! s-call$ f9e ,teas %\ld be b\ght 9 ,*9a at _! pres5t value on ?is m>ket--viz41 at ab\t #e;d4 to #f;d4 bel[ ! prices giv5 = !m 9 rec5t ye>s4 ,) ! l>ge accumulat$ /ocks 9 ,russia1 & consequ5tly r$uc$ ord]s f t c\ntry1 ! ye>ly-increas+ supply ( ,indian ,tea1 & ! pres5t prices "h1 "o w\ld ?9k t su* a c\rse w\ld at once be adopt$4 ,un=tunately1 h[ev]1 s mu* ( ! ,tea is b\ght on commission1 & ! ,russian ag5ts seem s reckless z to ! prices :i* !y give1 t any su* prud5t action c h>dly be hop$ =4 ,x w\ld1 !re=e1 be wise = hold]s ( %>es 9 ,ea/]n banks1 z well z all :o h be5 9 ! habit ( intru/+ ord]s to buy+ ag5ts 9 ,*9a1 to pond] ! =ego+ facts1 :i* c be easily v]ifi$ by a ref]5ce to any ( ! trade circul>s le/ _! money %\ld be lo/ 9 ! cra% :i* mu/ c]ta9ly take place if ! pa/ policy ( ,tea buy]s 9 ,*9a be cont9u$4--,i am1 c41 8,a4 ,b40 ,w ^? w>n$ be wise 9 "t1 & n swamp ! ,home ,m>ket ) ,*9a ,teas c]ta9 to be sold at a loss8 ,:o c say8 ,b 8,a4 ,b40 is evid5tly ma/] ( ! subject1 & if 8 advice 9 n tak51 ! ,*9a ,tea 8cra%0 he pr$icts w n be a small "o4 ,:5 ,*9a ,teas are n s5t home to realise a c]ta9 loss1 our ,indian ,teas w h fair] play4 ,i _c conclude )\t ackn[l$g+ ! great help ,i h d]iv$ f ! pages ( ! ,tea ,gazette 9 writ+ ^! additions to my ,f\r? ,edition4 99 99 99 99 99 ,s9ce my rem>ks on ,ceylon 7 pr9t$1 ,i h acquir$ mu* fur!r in=mation reg>d+ ! ,tea indu/ry 9 t isl&1 & ! prospects c]ta9ly seem v fav\rable4 ,anyh[1 !re seems to be no d\bt t ,ceylon = ,tea (f]s q z good a field z any "p ( ,india1 always suppos+ t good sites are select$ & ! area to *oose f is l>ge4 ,! future m>ket = ,tea is really1 z reg>ds ,ceylon1 ! only d\btful po9t1 & consequ5tly 7z at page #ahc7 ,i advise ! plant]s !re to act ) caution4 ,:]e x is propos$ to put c(fee l&s "u ,tea1 ( c\rse "o great advantage 9 economy w be ga9$1 inasmu* z !re w be no jungle cle>+ or previ\s cultivation4 ,b "h aga9 caution is necess>y4 ,make sure ! soil is n worn out1 = ,tea1 ?\gh x w gr[1 w n yield l>gely on su*4 99 99 99 99 99 ,june1 #ahhc4 ,p4,s4--,! foll[+ are ! new rules lately issu$ by ! ,cu/oms reg>d+ ! future treatm5t ( ,indian ,teas4 ,! weight ( ,indian ,tea = duty may1 if desir$ by ! import]s1 be asc]ta9$ "u ! foll[+ regulations3-- #a4 ,! ,tea on arrival to be weigh$ to asc]ta9 ! gross weight ( ea* package4 #b4 ,) ea* entry ! import] to give an endorsem5t ( ! net cont5ts ( ea* package4 #c4 ,to te/ ! accuracy ( ?is endorsem5t1 #aj p] c5t4 ( ea* break to be turn$ out & weigh$ net4 #d4 ,if ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! weight giv5 ( any package & ! weight f\nd exce$s or is less ?an #c lbs41 ! :ole p>cel %\ld be weigh$ net4 #e4 ,duty to be *>g$ on ! av]age weight ( ! packages weigh$ net1 unless ! import] elects to weigh ! :ole p>cel 9 ! usual way4 #f4 ,:5 ! av]age ( ! packages weigh$ net am\nts to s _m p\nds & a-half1 an additional p\nd w be *>g$ on ea* ( ! :ole p>cel2 :5 ! fraction is less ?an half a p\nd x is to be reject$4 #g4 ,! new sy/em to come into op]ation on ,july ! #a/ next4 ,,footnotes3 #ajf ,if t>es are ne>ly equal1 & if ,teas are well bulk$ 9 ,india1 only "s packages 7ab\t #aj p] c5t47 are op5$1 & an av]age t>e /ruck4 ,b ?is 9 no way saves ! loss 9 quantity ( ,tea1 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 less ,tea is ?us injur$4 #ajg ,s9ce ,i wrote ! above ! ,cu/oms h fram$ new rules = ,indian ,teas4 ,! absurd t>e sy/em is done away )4 ,,add5da ,,to ,,! ,,?ird ,,edition4 ,! foll[+ f ! ,indian ,economi/1 reg>d+ ,indian ,teas 9 g5]al & ,neilgh]ry ,teas 9 p>ticul>1 is n out ( place "h4 ,at ! same "t ,i d n agree ) ! writ]1 = ,i believe t 9 ! /r5g? & pung5cy ( ,indian ,teas consi/s _! value3-- ,,indian ,,tea4 8,t ! ,teas ( ,india h at l5g? come to be fully appreciat$ 9 ,engl& may be tak51 we presume1 z an admitt$ fact2 & x is ( importance t plant]s %\ld direct _! att5tion to modify+ _! me?ods ( manufacture s z to suit ! public ta/e1 &1 if possible1 turn out an article free f ! objections /ill advanc$ aga9/ ! ,indian leaf z a daily bev]age4 ,!re are1 we "k1 ^? :o argue t en\gh has be5 done1 & t consum]s w acquire a ta/e = ! produce ( our g>d5s 9 "t2 b we h daily evid5ce t 9 ! mo/ trivial matt]s !re is no great] tyrant ?an ! public4 ,x behoves ^? !n :o cat] = ?is tyrant to consult its ta/e & satisfy its dem&s1 h[ev] exact+ & caprici\s !y may be4 ,! rem>ks we are ab\t to make are bas$ on exp]im5ts & enquiries ext5d+ ov] "s ye>s 9 ?is c\ntry & 9 ,engl&1 & we leave ^? engag$ 9 ! ent]prise to e/imate _! value4 ,all ,teas gr[n 9 ! pla9s ( ,india are kn[n to ! trade 9 ,london "u ! g5]al "n ( ,assam1 & are *iefly us$ = mix+1 seldom rea*+ ! consum] 9 a pure /ate4 ,:5 !y d1 ! objections rais$ are t ! leaf is too pung5t & r\gh = mo/ palates2 & pur*as]s are 9 ! habit ( mix+ x ) ,*9ese to tone d[n ^? a/r+5t qualities4 ,9 o!r words1 x wants ! delicacy ( flav\r :i* is ! *ief *>act]i/ic ( ! ,*9ese leaf1 mean+ ( c\rse t v5d$ by respectable h\ses1 n ! abom9able tra% t =m$ "p ( ! c>goes ( ! ,lalla ,rookh & ,s>p$on1 conta9+1 accord+ to ,dr ,le!by's ,analysis1 #8#dj to #de p] c5t4 ( iron fil+s & #ai p] c5t4 ( silica4' ,nor is ?is lack ( delicacy ( flav\r to be lightly reg>d$1 = ! ef=ts ( our manufactur]s h be5 direct$ unwitt+ly & indirectly to fo/] ! peculi>ity1 z ! te/ ( ,indian ,tea has hi!rto be5 its /r5g? & pung5cy1 to fit x = salt+ weak1 ?91 inf]ior sorts ( ,*9ese4 ,?is is :at ! deal]s h dem&$1 & :at1 consequ5tly1 brok]s 9 _! turn h insi/$ on1 ) ! result t ! out-turn ( our ,assam & ,ca*> plantations is n[1 if any?+1 too p[]ful to suit public ta/e4 ,:e!r means ( manipulation may be hit ^u by :i* aroma c be reta9$ )\t sacrific+ /r5g?1 we leave ^? mo/ int]e/$ to det]m9e2 b x is wor?y ( note t ?is objection to /r5g? & r\ghness is almo/ conf9$ to wom51 ! /]n] sex pref]r+ ,assam unmix$1 :ile ! work+ classes ( bo? sexes are unanim\s 9 fav\r ( ! unadult]at$ ,indian article4 ,exp]im5ts 7 fur!r tri$ by sub/itut+ ,neilgh]ry ,tea1 & aft] a %ort int]val ! v]dict ( ! majority 0 9 its fav\r4 ,we ne$ n[ only po9t out ! diff]5ce 9 ! manufacture betwe5 ! two ,teas1 leav+ o!rs to decide que/ions reg>d+ ! be>+ ( climate or altitude4 ,up to ! "t ( f9i%+ roll+1 ! manipulation ( ! leaf is id5tical1 c>e be+ tak5 to reta9 ! juice2 b t made on ! hills in/ead ( be+ almo/ imm$iately plac$ ov] *oolas 0 spread out ?9ly on tables all night1 9 a temp]ature ( #ed deg41 su/a9+ consequ5t loss ( /r5g? by evaporation1 b develop+ an aroma t e/abli%$ x at once 9 fav\r4 ,s successful has ?is ,neilgh]ry ,tea be5 at home1 t (f]s are n[ receiv$ by plantation proprietors = _! produce at half-a-cr[n p] lb4 free on bo>d1 9 ,madras4 ,?is w\ld seem to indicate t ! aroma is g5]at$ by ! action ( cold ^u ! damp leaf :ile 9 a /ate ( #8susp5d$ f]m5tation2' =1 previ\s to exp]im5t+ ) consum]s1 ! samples 7 submitt$ to ,m9c+ ,lane brok]s & pron\nc$ s\nd1 9 corroboration ( :i* op9ion ! bulk f :i* !y 7 tak5 sold at auction = #bs4 #b-a_/b;d41 s t f]m5tation 7i4e4 s\rness7 _h be5 c>efully avoid$4 ,we "k t ! climate ( ,assam & temp]ature ( ! ,tea-h\ses r5d] ! keep+ ( roll$ leaf ev5 = an h\r fatal to s\ndness2 b %\ld ! developm5t ( ?is aroma be really due to #8susp5sion ( f]m5tation' is x n wor? :ile adopt+ "s contrivance = cool+ d[n a *amb] set aside = ! purpose ( spread+ out ! roll$ leaf to ! temp]ature requir$8 8,! "q :e!r delicacy is due to altitude alone & n to manufacture might be asc]ta9$ by exp]im5t4 ,let a quantity ( gre5 leaf be s5t d[n f "o ( ! ,neilgh]ry g>d5s1 & work$ up 9 ! pla9s at ! foot ( ! hills1 & an equal quantity s5t up f "o ( ! ,assam g>d5s1 say to ,%illong1 & manufactur$ on ! ,neilgh]ry pr9ciples !re1 & ! result !n comp>$4 ,?is exp]im5t w\ld co/ little & det]m9e a n unimportant "q3 = all engag$ 9 ,tea are int]e/$ 9 us+ _! be/ endeav\rs to fit x = public consumption1 & to gu>d x aga9/ ,*9ese 9 any %ape or =m :atev]40 ,note by ! ,au?or4--,t 8delicacy ( flav\r10 & 8want ( /r5g?0 ) x1 is due to altitude has long ago be5 admitt$1 & any exp]im5ts on t head w\ld1 ,i ?9k1 be q unnecess>y4 ,! exp]im5ts z to manufacture on ! ,neilgh]ries are int]e/+1 & %\ld be fur!r look$ into4 ,e4 ,m4 ,i h at la/ complet$ exp]im5ts ) a view to d away ) ! use ( *>coal 9 ,tea manufacture1 & ,i ?9k ) success4 ,! 8,furnace ,teas10 = s ,i purpose nam+ !m1 h 9 mo/ cases be5 pron\nc$ by ! ,calcutta brok]s to be sup]ior to simil> samples ( ! same day's leaf1 made 9 ! usual way ov] *>coal4 ,no?+ b ! heat g5]at$ by any fuel plac$ 9 furnaces sunk "u gr\nd outside ! ,tea-h\se is us$4 ,no motive p[] ( any k9d is employ$4 ,! app>atus is v simple4 ,x is *eap to erect & v durable 9 "*4 ,z ! app>atus ) :i* ! ,teas up to ! pres5t "t h be5 made is a rude & imp]fect "o1 hav+ disadvantages :i* mu/ tell m or less on ! excell5ce ( ! ,teas s manufactur$1 & z1 ev5 ) ^! disadvantages1 ! ,teas are pron\nc$ by ! brok]s at lea/ equal to *>coal-dri$ ,teas1 x is n too mu* to hope t ) a p]fect app>atus 7"o ( :i* w be erect$ imm$iately7 ,teas w be improv$ 9 value by ?is new inv5tion4 ,! foll[+ w be %ortly ! advantages ( ?is new process1 ev5 suppos+ ! ,teas are no bett]3-- #a4 ,economy4--,?is w possibly be ev5 great] ?an :at is set out 9 ! extract ( ! local pap] bel[2 = ! fact t ! ,tea is nev] plac$ ov] *>coal until ! :ole is ignit$1 & has become 8live *>coal10 is n !re recogniz$1 mu* ( ! caloric ?us escapes4 #b4 ,cleanl9ess & abs5ce ( *>coal du/4 #c4 ,abs5ce ( ! objectionable fumes ( *>coal4 #d4 ,immunity f fire 9 ,tea-h\ses4 #e4 ,great] spe$ 9 ! fir+ process1 & ! sav+ ( all ! lab\r employ$ to make *>coal4 #f4 ,r$uc$ temp]ature 9 ,tea-h\ses4 ,if all ! advantages are1 z ,i expect !y w be1 atta9$1 ! life ( a ,tea plant] w be m pleasant ?an hi!rto4 ,! foll[+ is ! op9ion ( ! new process express$ by ! ,d>jeel+ ,news ( #a/ ,augu/3-- 8,x has long be5 a "q1 :i* all plant]s 7 desir\s to solve1 if ! fumes ( *>coal 7 necess>y to make ,tea1 t is to say1 if any *emical action 0 produc$ on ! ,tea by ! said fumes1 & if n1 :e!r x w\ld n be possible to d ! fir+ 9 "s o!r & f> *eap] way4 8,! "q has1 we believe1 be5 solv$ by ,colonel ,edw>d ,money1 & if s1 = ! inv5tion is q a new "o1 a boon ( great magnitude w h be5 conf]r$ on ! ,tea int]e/ ( ,india4 ,we congratulate ?is di/rict z be+ ! bir?place ( ! improvem5t4 8,! app>atus at pres5t 9 use at ,soom1 & :i* we h se5 work+1 is a r\gh & crude "o made on ! spot4 ,?is1 & ! m p]fect plans f :i* l>g] & bett] ones are to be made1 are readily %[n by ,colonel ,money to anyone visit+ ,soom2 b until ! inv5tion is pat5t$1 x is n well to describe x 9 pr9t4 ,suffice if we say ! inv5tion is a rem>kably simple "o--*eap to erect--durable 9 its "*1 & ! work+ !re( unatt5d$ ) any exp5se :atev]1 beyond ! co/ ( ! fuel 7:i* may be ( any k9d71 & :i* ( c\rse w be _m times less ?an *>coal4 8,if true1 z we he>1 t x takes #c-a_/b maunds ( wood g5]ally to make "o maund ( *>coal1 & if also true1 z ,colonel ,money sugge/s1 t ! caloric 9 "o maund ( wood equals ! caloric 9 two maunds ( *>coal1 x !n foll[s t ea* maund ( wood1 put into ,colonel ,money's furnace1 equals sev5 maunds ( wood to make *>coal4 8,( c\rse ! above are m or less r&om figures1 b !y suffice to %[ t ! sav+ ( fuel w be v great--a boon ( c\rse to plant]s1 b a boon also to ! ,=e/ ,dep>tm5t & to ,india4 8,we knew ( ! inv5tion "s "t back1 b we =bore to notice x until ! brok]s' reports on ! ,tea s made _h be5 receiv$4 ,we h n[ se5 ^!4 ,samples ( #8*>coal' & #8furnace' ,tea 7 s5t d[n1 made f ! same leaf1 ! same day1 & manufactur$ 9 "o up to ! 8fir+0 process4 ,two brok]s give ! high] value to ! furnace ,tea1 "o to ! *>coal k9d--b ! diff]5ce is small4 8,we believe1 z "o ( our mo/ exp]i5c$ plant]s1 :o has ta/$ ! ,teas1 be5 to ,soom1 & se5 ! brok]s' reports1 says1 t #8! ,tea dri$ by ! furnace app>atus w be at lea/ equal to t prep>$ ov] *>coal4' 8,z ,colonel ,money is already kn[n z an au?ority 9 ,tea1 & z he has /at$ to u 8 belief t #8*>coal days' = ,tea are n[ at an end1 we await ) confid5ce ! ultimate success ( 8 inv5tion1 :i* ev5 if x makes no bett] ,tea w c]ta9ly make x f> *eap]1 :ile ! dirt f *>coal du/ w be done away )1 ! temp]ature ( ! ,tea-h\ses mu* r$uc$1 & ! delet]i\s fumes ( *>coal1 s v objectionable f a sanit>y po9t ( view 9 ,tea manufacture1 w be kn[n no m40 ,aga91 #bi? ,augu/1 a mon? lat]1 ! ,d>jeel+ ,news fur!r rem>ks3-- 8,we allud$ rec5tly to ,colonel ,money's v +5i\s plan = dry+ ,tea )\t *>coal4 ,s9ce !n 8 app>atus has be5 9 full "w at ,soom1 & has be5 inspect$ by numb]s ( ! ,d>jeel+ plant]s1 "o & all ( :om h1 we und]/&1 report$ mo/ fav\rably on its work+4 ,samples ( ,tea manufacture h be5 f "t to "t s5t to ,calcutta brok]s = _! op9ion1 & reports h be5 receiv$ f fifte51 ( :om sev5 are 9 fav\r ( ,tea made by ! old *>coal process1 sev5 are 9 fav\r ( ! new furnace process1 & "o reports t ! ,tea made by ea* process is exactly ! same4 8,colonel ,money is n[ tak+ /eps to erect 8 improv$ furnace1 :i* w be 9 work+ ord] by ! end ( ,septemb]1 & ! :ole ,octob] crop ( ,soom ,tea w be fir$ by ! new furnace4 8,colonel ,money has appli$ = a pat5t1 & z soon z ?is is grant$ we hope to give our read]s a description ( ! app>atus4 ,= obvi\s reasons x w\ld n be advisable to d s be=e !n4 ,we may m5tion "h t "o ( ! mo/ intellig5t & practical plant]s 9 ?is di/rict has ord]$ "o ( ,colonel ,money's flues = 8 private g>d54 8,( ! comm]cial success ( ,colonel ,money's app>atus we h no d\bt :atev]1 & we tru/ t ,colonel ,money w reap a h&some pr(it f 8 v +5i\s inv5tion1 :i* w be an und\bt$ boon n only to ?is di/rict1 b to all ! ,tea-produc+ di/ricts ( ,india4 8,"o po9t :i* has /ruck u z good 9 ,colonel ,money's app>atus is t ! temp]ature ( ! ,tea-h\se is consid]ably l[]$ dur+ ! fir+ process z comp>$ ) ! op5 *ulas1 & t !re is no free c>bonic acid gas all[$ to escape into ! ,tea-h\se1 s t ^? v unpleasant symptoms ( sl[ poison+ :i* (t5 %[ !mselves 9 plant]s & ,tea-mak]s w be unkn[n 9 future4 ,at our sugge/ion ,colonel ,money has decid$ to keep a regi/] ( ! maximum temp]ature ( ! ,tea-h\se1 :il/ ! op5 *ulas cont9ue 9 use1 & to comp>e x ) ! temp]ature :5 ! new app>atus has sup]s$$ !m1 also to te/ = free c>bonic acid gas 9 ! air ) ea* process4 8,we are conv9c$ t :5 ! figures are available our read]s w be r a/oni%$ at ! diff]5ce f a sanit>y po9t ( view4 8,on ! :ole1 we ?9k t ,colonel ,money's inv5tion is by f> ! mo/ important application ( common s5se & sci5tific k to ,tea manufacture t we h yet se51 & we are almo/ c]ta9 t 8 app>atus w be=e long be adopt$ ?r\gh\t ! ,indian ,tea di/ricts40#ajh ,,footnote3 #ajh ,note to ,?ird ,edition4--,no4 ,! furnace has be5 erect$ b on two or ?ree g>d5s4 ,o!r inv5tions h s9ce be5 br\ght =w>d1 & ! :ole matt] is /ill 9 an unc]ta9 /ate--,i mean z to :i* ( ! sev]al app>atuses is ! be/4 ,i believe 9 m9e /ill1 & int5d to erect x on ! ,we/]n ,doo> ,g>d5s 9 :i* ,i am int]e/$1 b1 ( c\rse1 ,i am n an imp>tial judge6 ,"o ?+1 h[ev]1 ,i lay claim to1 & t is1 t ,i 0 ! fir/ to %[ by practical results t ! fumes ( *>coal are 9 no way necess>y to make ,tea4 ,note to ,f\r? ,edition4--,s9ce ! above note 0 writt5 7n[ five ye>s ago7 _m ,tea ,dry+ ,ma*9es h be5 inv5t$ 7see pages #bdj to #bei71 & ,i mo/ will+ly admit !y are all bett] ?an my furnace app>atus4 ,! fir/ inv5tor r>ely atta9s p]fection1 & z 9 my case1 he g5]ally lab\rs = ! b5efit ( ^? :o come aft]6--,,edw>d ,,money4 ,,index4 ,area requir$ = a g>d51 #b -- l>ge1 a mi/ake1 #b ,boxes1 #adg -- co/ (1 #afa ,climate1 #ad -- 9 ea* di/rict1 #ad to #be -- want$1 #ad -- ra9fall1 #ad1 #bh -- ra9 table1 #bh -- temp]ature table1 #bf -- elevation table1 #bf -- cold1 #ad -- hot w9ds1 #ad -- affects flav\r ( tea1 #ae -- good = tea1 bad = man1 #ae1 #ce ,cultivation1 #ha -- :at is x1 #ha -- :5 a wa/e ( lab\r1 #ha -- by digg+ r\nd ea* plant1 #hb -- we$s n to get ahead1 #hc -- ,dut* hoe =1 #hc -- co/ ea* op]ation p] acre1 #hd -- co/ (1 to #f? ye>1 #hd -- co/ ( 9 full be>+1 #he ,di/ricts1 #ac -- :i* be/1 #cj -- ra9fall 91 #bh -- cold 91 #bf -- ( ,assam1 #ae -- ( ,ca*>1 #af -- ( ,*ittagong1 #af -- ( ,t]ai bel[ ,d>jeel+1 #ah -- ( ,dehra ,dhoon1 #ah -- ( ,kangra1 #ai -- ( ,d>jeel+1 #bj -- ( ,kumaon1 #bb -- ( ,gurhwal1 #bd ,di/ricts ( ,haz>eebaugh1 #bd -- ( ,neilgh]ries1 #bd -- ( ,we/]n ,doo>s1 #be -- meteorological table (1 #bf -- comp>ative advantages (1 #cj -- soil (1 #ac to #be -- jungle (1 #ac to #be -- lay ( l& (1 #ac to #be -- price wa/e l&s 91 #d -- elevation (1 #bf -- temp]ature (1 #bf ,di/ances = plants1 #gb -- table (1 #gb -- regulat$ by class1 #gb -- be/1 #gb ,flu%es1 #ig -- numb] (1 #ig to #aja -- way =m$1 #ajd -- diff] 9 di/ricts1 #ih -- int]vals betwe51 #ii ,hills & ,pla9s-- -- comp>ison (1 *ap4 iii4 -- high elevations bad1 d4 -- table ( elevation1 #bf ,jungle1 #cd -- :at be/ 9 ,himalayas1 #cd -- n ( mu* consequ5ce 9 ,b5gal1 #cd ,jungle1 co>se grass1 #cd -- cutt+1 #ge ,lab\r1 #aj -- local1 #aj1 #aa1 #ab -- import$1 #aj1 #aa1 #ab -- gov]nm5t action1 #aj1 #aa -- co/ ( import$1 #aj ,lab\r 9 tea di/ricts1 *ap4 iii4 ,lay+ out a g>d51 #db ,lay ( l& & aspect1 #cg -- flat1 slop+1 /eep1 #g1 #ac1 #ce -- aspect1 #ci -- valleys1 #dj -- n>r[ valleys1 #dj ,lay ( l& & selection ( /eep l&1 #g1 #cg -- disadvantages ( /eep l&1 #cg -- l9es on /eep l&1 #df -- plants close on /eep l&1 #de ,leaf-pick+1 #ajb -- pr9ciples (1 #ajb -- diagram ( %oot1 #ajd -- teas made f ea* leaf1 #ajg -- _c make sep>ate teas 9 practice1 #ajg -- prun+ connect$ )1 #ajb -- mi/akes 91 #db -- h[ %oots =m1 #ajd -- mode (1 #ajd ,manufacture1 #aji -- importance ( good1 #aji -- old & new plan1 #aaj -- )]+1 #aaj1 #aaa1 #abc -- roll+1 #aaa1 #aab -- pann+1 #aji1 #aab -- sunn+1 #aab1 #abh -- tea1 h[ judg$1 #aac -- ,pekoe tips1 #aje1 #ajf1 #aad1 #aae1 #aaf1 #abb -- /rong teas & ,pekoe tips incompatible1 #aaf -- f]m5t+ or col\r+1 #abg -- fir+ or dhol+1 #abh -- ( fl[]y ,pekoe1 #acj ,manufacture ( gre5 tea1 #acj1 #add -- sift+ & sort+1 #acd1 #ace1 #acf1 #afa -- sieves1 #ace -- ,*9ese sieves be/1 #ace -- classes ( tea1 #acg -- co/ (1 #afj -- ignorance (1 #g ,manufacture1 co>se leaf1 #abf -- burntness1 #adc ,manure1 #fg -- advantages (1 #ag1 #fg -- h[ to apply1 #fh -- quantity1 #fi -- co/ (1 #fi -- k9ds (1 #fg -- results (1 #fi ,managem5t1 acc\nts1 =ms1 #aeb -- :at qualities requir$ = a ,manag]1 #aeb -- =ms1 #aec -- acc\nts1 #aeh ,mak+ a g>d51 #gc -- g5]al in/ructions =1 #gc ,me*anical contrivances1 #aaf -- ,mc,meekin's roll+ table1 #aaf -- ,k9mond's roll+ ma*9e1 #aaf -- ,nelson's roll+ ma*9e1 #aah -- ,jackson's roll+ ma*9e1 #aaf -- ,mc,meekin's draw]s1 #aai -- ,money's furnace1 #aba1 #bif -- sift+ ma*9es1 #aba -- ma*9e requir$ to sep>ate ! leaves1 #abb -- pack+ ma*9es1 #aba ,miscellane\s3-- ,transport1 *ap4 iii4 -- 9 ea* di/rict1 *ap4 iii4 ,gre5 tea1 #ba1 #acj1 #add ,/agnant wat]1 #dj ,inundation1 #dj ,sections1 #db ,yield1 #dc1 #agj ,l9es ( plants1 #de1 #df ,roads1 #de ,relative price gre5 & black teas1 #acc ,yield fir/ #aj ye>s1 #agj ,necessities = tea1 #agc1 #ahj ,pa/1 pres5t1 & future ( ,indian tea1 #agd ,/range facts ab\t tea1 #agd ,imports1 #agg ,annual consumption1 #agg ,collapse ( tea speculation1 #agh ,%>e li/ to-day1 #agi ,money matt]s3 w tea pay81 #a -- :y has x n paid sometimes81 #a1 #f -- cause ( failures1 #a to #h -- wilful ext5sions1 #f -- price paid = g>d5s1 #h -- faulty area sold1 #h -- co/ ( mak+ a #cjj-;acre g>d51 #afc -- h[ mu* pr(it tea c give1 #afh -- table1 result #cjj acres = #ab ye>s1 #agb ,pack+1 #adg -- lead case =1 #adg -- l>g] ea* break ! bett]1 #aea -- co/ (1 #afa ,plant+ at /ake1 #ei -- advantages (1 #eg -- disadvantages (1 #eh -- mode (1 #ei ,prun+1 #hf -- "t =1 #hf -- in/rum5ts =1 #hg -- height to prune1 #hh -- co/ (1 #hh ,sale ,l&s1 ,wa/e ,l&s-- -- sale wa/e l&s1 #c -- auction sy/em1 #c -- price wa/e l&s1 #d -- title1 #d ,sanitation1 #ce ,se$1 #ed -- transport (1 #ee -- price (1 #g -- %ade1 natural1 #fb -- d4 artificial1 #fd -- h[ to s[1 #eg -- :5 ripe1 #ed -- treatm5t (1 #ed ,se$ z manure1 #ee -- numb] 9 #a maund1 #ef -- proportions t g]m9ate1 #ef -- ,gov]nm5t gave se$1 #ea -- indig5\s hybrid & ,*9a alike1 #ea -- h[ to increase1 #ee -- nurs]ies or /ake plant+ be/1 #eg ,soil1 #ca -- only g5]al rules =1 #ca -- s&y1 #ca -- greasy1 #cb -- poor1 #cb -- ,ball on1 #cb -- friable & por\s1 #cb -- 9 ,tea di/ricts1 #ac1 #be1 #ca -- clay1 #cc -- decay$ vegetation1 #cc -- = se$ b$s1 #fb ,transplant+1 #gf -- holes =1 #ei1 #gf -- mode (1 #gg -- results ( bad1 #gg -- :5 to be f9i%$1 #gh -- be/ days =1 #gi ,vacancies1 #ib -- difficult to fill up1 #ib -- :y difficult1 #ib -- be/ plan to fill up1 #ib -- l>ge proportion (1 #f ,v>ieties ( tea plants1 #dg ,:ite-ants1 ,crickets1 ,blight1 #hi -- h>m done by crickets1 #hi -- h>m done by :ite-ants1 #ij -- h>m done by blight1 #ia -- rem$ies = crickets1 #ij -- d4 :ite-ants1 #ia -- d4 blight1 #ia ,we$s1 #hb -- ahead ( lab\r1 #hc ,,index ,,to ,,! ,,additions ,,9 ,,f\r? ,,edition4 ,agricultural ma*9]y1 #bbc ,am]ica1 #ahe1 #bjd1 #bje1 #bji ,am/]dam ,exhibition1 #bjb to #baa ,any fuel v]sus *>coal1 #bci1 #beh ,au/ralia1 #bja1 #bjb1 #bjd1 #bje1 #bjg to #bji ,brick tea1 #bab ,calcutta ,syndicate1 #bjb1 #bjf1 #bjh1 #baj1 #baa1 #bab1 #bad ,*9a tea trade1 #bhh ,*9a1 #aid to #aih1 #bja to #bjg1 #baj to #bab1 #bhh ,consumption ( ,*9a & ,indian ,tea1 #bja ,cont95t ( ,europe1 #bjb1 #baa ,damage to tea by proc$ure 9 ,london1 #bgb1 #bgc ,d>by's digg]1 #bbe ,date ( comm5cem5t ( tea cultivation 9 ea* di/rict1 #aid ,deliv]ies & /ocks1 #aie1 #aig to #bja ,discov]y ( indig5\s tea1 #aid ,dry]s1 by ,rob]tson1 ! ,typhoon1 #bdj1 #bda ,all51 #bdb ,davidson1 ! ,sirocco1 #bdc1 #bdd ,gibbs & ,b>ry1 #bdd ,%&1 #bdd1 #bde1 #bdf ,jackson1 #bdf to #bdh ,k9mond1 #bdh to #beg ,f]m5t+ ,%elves1 #bci1 #beh ,fir/ tea 9 ,india1 #aid ,greate/ & lea/ possible loss by ,cu/om ,h\se proc$ure1 #bgd1 #bge ,gre5 tea1 #bjc1 #bjd ,himalayan g>d5s1 #bab ,hoop iron1 #bga ,h[ loss by ,cu/om ,h\se proc$ure c\ld be avoid$1 #bge to #bgh ,imports into ,great ,brita91 #aid1 #aie1 #aih to #bjj1 #bjc ,increase ( ,indian ,imports into ,great ,brita91 #aie ,indian produce = #ahhc1 #aie ,indian v]sus ,*9a tea1 #bai ,jeb5s' transplant]1 #bbc ,local m>ket 9 ,india1 #bac to #bah ,loss ( tea by proc$ure 9 ,london1 #bgb1 #bgc ,loss on ,*9a teas1 #bhh to #bij ,ma*9]y1 #bbb to #bga ,mak+ ,indian tea kn[n 9 ,unit$ ,k+dom1 #bah to #bba ,manufactur+ ma*9]y1 #bca to #bga ,m>kets outside ,great ,brita91 #bjg to #bag ,money loss to produc]s & ,cu/oms by me?od ( weigh+ 9 vogue1 #bgh ,new mode bulk+ at w>eh\se 9 ,crut*$ ,fri>s1 #bhb to #bhf -- requir$ fur!r1 #bhg1 #bhh ,new ,zeal&1 #bje ,ornam5tal t9 boxes by ,h>vey ,bros4 & ,tyl]1 #bff to #bga ,petition ( ,indian ,tea ,di/ricts ,association re mode ( weigh+ teas1 #bgi to #bha ,plant+ pots1 #bbc ,plantations 9 ,nor!rn ,india1 #bjc ,pl\gh+1 #bbc to #bca ,processes ( manufacture1 #bca to #bga ,roll]s by ,jackson1 #bcc1 #bce1 #bcg ,k9mond1 #bcc1 #bcd1 #bce1 #bcg ,hawor?1 #bce1 #bcg ,lyle1 #bcf ,greig1 #bcf ,?omson1 #bcg1 #bch ,russia1 #bjc1 #baa ,sift]s1 by ,jackson1 #bei ,greig1 #bei ,pridham1 #bei ,ansell1 #bfj to #bff ,sort] = gre5 leaf by ,greig ,co41 #bcb ,/ati/ics ( ,indian tea1 #aid to #bjf ,tea outside ,*9a & ,india1 #ahc to #aib ,ceylon1 #ahc ,johore1 #ahd ,japan1 #ahe to #ahh1 #bje1 #baj ,java1 #ahh ,am]ica1 #ahh to #aij1 #bja1 #bjc1 #bje1 #bjf1 #bjh ,natal1 #aia ,fiji1 #aib ,tea consumption p] head1 #bjd1 #bje ,tea ,gazette--,?is is allud$ to 9 mo/ pages1 7see #bij7 ,?ibet1 #bab ,weigh+ & bulk+ by ,cu/oms1 #bgb to #bhh ,weigh+ teas by ,cu/oms1 ,! new rules1 #bij1 #bia ,)]+ ma*9e1 #bcb1 #bec1 #beg ,w4 ,b4 ,,:itt+ham ,,& ,,co41 ,,pr9t]s1 #ia1 ,,grace*ur* ,,/reet1 ,,london4 ,,ransomes1 ,,head ,,jeff]ies1 ,,ipswi* ,,london4 ,illu/ration ,,sole ,,manufactur]s ,,( ,,ansell',s ,,pat5t ,,tea ,,sort]4 ,,late/ ,,report4 7,f ,mr4 ,d4 ,m4 ,,lumsd51 ,manag] ( ! ,borelli ,company's ,g>d5s1 ?r\gh ,messrs4 ,j4 ,,williamson ,co41 ,london1 ,febru>y #h?1 #ahhc47 8,i f9d t us+ ,,ansell',s ,sift] ,i h sp5t ,rs4 #ghj less on my sort+ ?an la/ ye>1 besides sort+ #ejj maunds m ,tea2 s ,i may safely calculate t la/ season's work+ paid = ! ma*9e40 ,,manufactur]s ,,also ,,( ,portable & ,fix$ ,eng9es1 = burn+ ,coal1 ,wood1 & ,vegetable refuse4 ,pl\ghs specially suit$ = ,indian ,agriculture4 ,catalogues & all in=mation on application to ,,ransomes1 ,,head ,,jeff]ies1 #i1 ,grace*ur* ,/reet1 ,london1 & ,orwell ,works1 ,ipswi*2 ,mr4 ,c4 ,w4 ,,ansell1 ,woodcot1 ,kurseong1 ,b5gal2 ,messrs4 ,,gill&]s1 ,,arbu?not ,co41 ,calcutta4 ,,briti% ,,india ,,/eam ,,navigation ,,company1 ,,limit$4 ,,fleet ,,( ,,/eam]s4 ,,abyss9ia ,,africa ,,agra 99,,almora ,,arabia ,,arcot ,,asia ,,assyria ,,avagyee ,,baghdad ,,bancoora ,,bhund>a ,,booldana 99,,bulimba ,,burmah ,,bu%e] ,,byculla ,,calcutta ,,can>a ,,*&a ,,*ilka ,,*9dw>a ,,*9sura ,,*upra 99,,*yebassa ,,coconada ,,colaba ,,commilla ,,culna 99,,dacca 99,,dorunda 99,,eldorado ,,ellora ,,e?iopia ,,euphrates ,,goa ,,golconda ,,goorkha 99,,goalp>a ,,h5zada ,,himalaya ,,huz>a ,,india ,,java ,,kangra ,,k]bela ,,kh&alla ,,kilwa ,,madras ,,madura ,,mahratta ,,malda ,,mecca ,,m$9a 99,,m]k>a 99,,nav>9o ,,n]budda ,,n[%]a ,,nuddea ,,ori5tal ,,pa*umba ,,patna ,,pemba ,,punjaub ,,purulia 99,,quetta ,,rajpootana ,,rangoon 7,paddle7 99,,rewa 99,,roma ,,sat>a ,,sc9dia ,,secundra ,,simla ,,sirdhana ,,sirsa 99,,w>oonga 7,build+7 99,/eam]s ( ! ,briti% ,india ,association1 runn+ on ! ,trunk ,l9es f ,london to ,india & ,que5sl&4 ,! v>i\s s]vices ( ! ,company are arrang$ to correspond ) ! arrivals & dep>tures ( ! ,ov]l& ,mail ,packets4 ,london to ,colombo1 ,madras1 & ,calcutta4--,=tnightly4 ,london to ,java & ,que5sl&4--,e #bh days4 ,call+ at ,port ,said1 ,suez1 ,ad51 ,batavia1 ,?ursday ,isl&1 ,cookt[n1 ,t[nsville1 ,b[51 ,mackay1 ,rockhampton1 & ,brisbane4 ,london to ,kurra*ee1 ,bombay1 & ,malab> ,coa/ ,ports4--,=tnightly4 ,call+ at ,algi]s1 ,port ,said1 ,suez1 ,ad51 ,kurra*ee1 ,bombay1 & ,malab> ,coa/ ,ports2 & e alt]nate ,/eam] call+ at ,lisbon1 ! latt] connect+ at ,ad5 ) ! ,company's ,ea/ ,african ,mail ,/eam]s = ,zanzib>1 ,mozambique1 ,quillimane1 ,inhambane1 & ,delagoa ,bay4 ,calcutta to ,*ittagong1 ,akyab1 ,ky\k ,phyoo1 & ,rangoon4--,weekly4 ,calcutta to ,rangoon & ,m\lme94--,weekly4 ,calcutta to ,rangoon1 ,m\lme91 ,p5ang1 ,malacca1 & ,s+apore4--,=tnightly4 ,rangoon to ,p5ang 7,coa/+74--,five-,weekly4 ,rangoon & ,m\lme94--,weekly4 ,rangoon1 ,tavoy1 & ,m]gui4--,=tnightly4 ,madras & ,rangoon4--,=tnightly4 ,calcutta & ,bombay 7,coa/+74--,weekly4 ,bombay & ,kurra*ee4--,bi-weekly4 ,bombay & ,p]sian ,gulf4--,weekly4 ,! ,ne!rl&s ,india ,/eam ,navigation ,company's ,mail ,/eam]s = ,padang1 ,sam>ang1 ,s\rabaya1 c41 run 9 connection ) ! ,briti% ,india ,company's ,/eam]s4 ,pass5g]s book$ ?r\gh to all ,ports 9 ,india1 ,burmah1 ! ,/raits ,settlem5ts1 ! ,malay ,ar*ipelago1 ! ,s\dan1 ,nor? & ,ea/ ,coa/ ( ,africa4 ,= all in=mation apply to ,,gray1 ,,dawes ,,co41 #ac1 ,au/9 ,fri>s1 & ,,gellatly1 ,,hankey1 ,,sewell ,,co41 #aji1 ,lead5hall ,/reet1 & #ea1 ,pall ,mall1 ,s4,w41 ,london2 ,,b9ny ,,co41 ,madras2 ,,al/ons1 ,,scott ,,co41 & ,,d>ley1 ,,butl] ,,co41 ,colombo2 ,,mack9non1 ,,mack5zie ,,co4 7,manag+ ,ag5ts 9 ,india71 ,calcutta1 ,bombay1 & ,kurra*ee4 ,,h5ry ,s4 ,,k+ ,,co41 ,,ag5ts ,,& ,,bank]s1 #fe ,,cornhill1 & #de ,,pall ,,mall1 ,,london4 ,bank+ & ,india ,(fice ,ag5cy #de ,pall ,mall4 ,%ipp+ & ,supply ,dep>tm5t #fe ,cornhill4 ,baggage ,w>eh\se #ad ,wor%ip ,/41 ,f9sbury4 ,bran* ,firms3 ,,k+1 ,,k+ ,,co4 ,bombay4 ,,k+1 ,,hamilton ,,co4 ,calcutta4 ,,k+1 ,,baillie ,,co4 ,liv]pool4 ,bank+ ,acc\nts kept ^u ! usual t]ms4 ,deposits receiv$ = fix$ p]iods at rates ( int]e/ :i* may be le>n$ on application4 ,circul> ,notes & ,lett]s ( ,cr$it issu$1 payable 9 all ! pr9cipal cities ( ! _w4 ,inve/m5ts & ,sales effect$ 9 all ,briti%1 ,indian1 ,am]ican1 & ,=eign ,securities free ( *>ge4 ,remittances made to1 & ,drafts pur*as$ or collect$ on1 any city 9 ! _w4 ,pay1 ,p5sions1 c41 collect$1 & ,divid5ds & ,c\pons realis$4 ,,supply ,,& ,,=w>d+ ,,dep>tm5t4 ,miscellane\s ,goods suppli$ on ! mo/ advantage\s t]ms4 ,newspap]s & o!r ,p]iodicals despat*$ ) ! utmo/ regul>ity4 ,b]?s select$ & ,passages engag$ by all l9es ( ,/eam]s )\t *>ge4 ,baggage collect$1 %ipp$1 & insur$4 ,pass5g]s ,homew>d met on arrival at ,london1 ,liv]pool1 or ,plym\?1 & _! effects cle>$ ?r\gh ! ,cu/oms & =w>d$1 or w>eh\s$ to await in/ructions4 ,goods & ,p>cels =w>d$ to all p>ts ( ! _w1 or receiv$ f ,abroad & =w>d$ to de/9ation4 8,,! ,,ov]l& ,,mail10 a ,summ>y ( ,home ,intellig5ce = ,india1 ,*9a1 & ! ,ea/1 = despat* weekly4 ,annual ,subscription1 includ+ po/age1 vi ,br9disi1 #a #abs4 #f;d41 payable 9 advance4 8,,! ,,homew>d ,,mail ,,& ,,(ficial ,,gazette10 a ,summ>y ( ,intellig5ce f ,india1 ,*9a1 & ! ,ea/1 publi%$ on ! arrival ( ea* ,mail vi ,br9disi4 ,annual ,subscription1 includ+ po/age1 #a #fs41 payable 9 advance4 ,w4 ,b4 ,,:itt+ham ,,co4',s ,,publications4 #ia1 ,,grace*ur* ,,/reet1 ,,london4 ,ag5ts to ,gov]nm5t by ,appo9tm5t = ! ,sale ( ! ,india ,(fice ,publications4 ,f\r? ,edition1 ) important ,additional ,*apt]s4 ,price #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,tea--,,cultivation ,,& ,,manufacture4 ,by ,lieut4-,col4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,,op9ions ,,( ,,! ,,press ,,on ,,! ,,?ird ,,edition4 ,! ,saturday ,review1 9 ! c\rse ( an ext5d$ notice1 says3--8,we ?9k t ,col4 ,money has done good s]vice by ?r[+ into ! =m ( a book an essay :i* ga9$ ! ,prize aw>d$ by ! ,agricultural & ,horticultural ,society ( ,india1 9 #ahgb4 ,! au?or is "o ( a well-kn[n ,anglo-,indian family4444 ,he has _h pl5ty ( practical exp]i5ce1 & has te/$ ! lab\rs ( o!r m54444 ,col4 ,money's g5]al rules & pr9ciples1 z f> z we c =m a judgm5t1 seem to h reason z well z exp]i5ce on _! side4444 ,no tea plant] c af=d to disreg>d 8 exp]i5ce40 ,! ,indian ,agriculturi/ says3--8,col4 ,money has advanc$ ) ! times1 & ! "w "u review may well be consid]$ ! /&>d "w on ! subject1 & x ought to be 9 e tea plant]'s h& 9 ,india1 ,ceylon1 ,java1 ,japan1 ,*9a or ,am]ica2 ! m]it & /]l+ value ( 8 essay has be5 univ]sally & des]v$ly ackn[l$g$4444 ,we recomm5d our read]s :o require full in=mation & s\nd advice on ! subject to procure ,col4 ,money's book40 ,all5's ,indian ,mail says3--8,! p>ticul>s ( ?is great indu/ry1 :i* comprises 7,tea7 ,cultivation & ,manufacture1 are giv5 9 ! "w ( ,col4 ,money4 ,! ,?ird ,edition exp&$ f ! orig9al prize ,essay publi%$ 9 #ahgb1 by ! results ( ! au?or's practical exp]i5ce & obs]vations up to ! pres5t "t1 supplies full details ( ! orig9 & progress ( an ,indian ,tea ,g>d51 & t 9 a v lucid & readable =m4444 ,! publication ( s ?or\gh1 cle> & in/ructive a directorium z ,col4 ,money's "w is 9 itself a pro( ( ! att5tion devot$ to ?is important indu/ry1 :i* has a great future be=e x4 ,no "o :o desires to und]/& ! condition ( its developm5t2 /ill m--no "o :o has a pecuni>y int]e/ 9 a ,tea ,g>d51 c feel t ! subject ( tea is kn[n until ?is "w has be5 /udi$40 ,! ,*9a ,express says3--8,! exp]i5ce ga9$ s9ce #ahgb is add$ to ! "w1 & x n[ =ms a mo/ complete guide to ! tea plant]4 ,! great progress ! cultivation ( tea is mak+ 9 ,india r5d]s a practical "w ( ?is k9d v valuable2 & ! me?od 9 :i* ,colonel ,money deals ) ! subject %[s 8 ?or\gh k ( x40 ,! ,scotsman says3--8,) respect to ! conditions ( climate & soil necess>y = successful tea cultivation1 ! requirem5ts ( ! plant 9 ! way ( wat]1 c41 ! v>ieties be/ suit$ = culture 9 ! v>i\s di/ricts1 ! lay+ out ( ! tea g>d51 & all ! v>i\s details ( cultivation & manufacture1 ,colonel ,money writes ) ! au?ority d]iv$ f _m ye>s ( exp]i5ce2 & 9 ! pres5t edition ! fruits ( 8 late/ exp]i5ce are embodi$4 ,to new beg9n]s 9 tea cultivation ?is book mu/ be ( ! greate/ value1 :ile x w be f\nd full ( int]e/ by outsid]s :o may be desir\s ( in=mation ab\t ! condition & prospects ( an important dep>tm5t ( agricultural indu/ry40 ,! ,produce ,m>kets ,review says3--8,colonel ,money is a practical tea plant]1 & 8 "w is ! /&>d "w on ! subject1 s t x %\ld be procur$ by all :o are int]e/$ 9 ! subject4 ,! new edition is greatly enl>g$1 & correct$ by ! exp]i5ce ( ! pa/ six ye>s40 ,! ,plant]s' ,gazette says3--8,! cultivation ( tea 9 ! ,briti% dom9ions is becom+ a rapidly ext5d+ indu/ry1 & we are glad to see t ,colonel ,money's prize essay has rea*$ a ?ird edition1 = x is full ( practical in=mation & des]ves to be /udi$ by e tea plant]40 ,! ,man*e/] ,exam9] says3--8,dur+ ! la/ few ye>s ! fact t ,india is a tea-produc+ c\ntry has become m g5]ally kn[n 9 ,engl&2 b few p "k t ! f9e/ ,indian teas are m exp5sive ?an ! be/ ( ,*9ese gr[?1 &1 t ! av]age price ( ! tea gr[n 9 ,india is high] ?an t :i* comes f ! ,fl[]y ,l&4 ,ano!r piece ( in=mation giv5 9 ?is book is n less sugge/ive2 we mean t :i* assures u t ,india is capable ( produc+ z mu* tea z w\ld meet ! wants ( great ,brita9 & all h] colonies4 ,b ! culture is yet 9 its infancy4 ,colonel ,money's treatise is "o ( ! mo/ complete & exhau/ive ( ! k9d we h ev] read4 ,he seems to anticipate all possible difficulties2 8 w>n+s & 8 c\nsels embrace e bran* ( ! subject1 & only a practical man c\ld h writt5 !m4 ,"o w\ld ?9k t a tea gr[] ( common s5se c\ld sc>cely make blund]s ) su* an admirable guide be=e him2 & ! comm]cial side ( ! ent]prise is discuss$ 9 ! same c>eful mann] z ! agricultural40 ,! ,broad ,arr[ says3--8,9 ?is "w we h ! results ( eighte5 ye>s' exp]i5ce ( a tea plant] 9 ,india1 & ! au?or has s writt5 x t ! beg9n] w f9d x invaluable1 = he has _h 8 wants specially 9 view4 ,x is1 s f> z we "k1 ! be/1 z x is c]ta9ly ! mo/ practical1 book ab\t tea t has be5 publi%$40 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,clo?1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,tea ,,bl5d+4 ,a ,h&book = ! ,tea ,trade2 a ,guide to ,tea ,m]*ants1 ,brok]s1 ,deal]s & ,consum]s1 9 ! ,secret ( ,successful ,tea ,mix+4 ,,op9ions ,,( ,,! ,,press4 ,! ,field says3--8,?is is a practical & au!ntic little text book on ! pr9ciples involv$ 9 ,tea ,bl5d+40 ,! ,groc]'s ,*ronicle says3--8,! book ought to be 9 ! h&s ( e groc] ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom40 ,! ,groc]'s ,j\rnal says3--8,we cordially recomm5d #8,! ,art ( ,tea ,bl5d+' to our read]s z giv+ useful in/ruction & guidance40 ,all5's ,indian ,mail says3--8,! au?or gives full te*nical in/ructions = ! pr(essional tea-bl5d] & tea-ta/]2 & 9 do+ s1 he imp>ts mu* in=mation t w be f\nd bo? valuable & int]e/+ to ! tea-dr9k+ public40 ,broad ,arr[ says3--8,a trad] %\ld be able by its aid to make a "n z a teaman1 & realise ! result :i* ! h\sewife only ne$s--a g5tle h9t z to ! opportunity ( ex]cis+ real judgm5t & correct ta/e 9 a matt] ( su* important family int]e/ z tea40 ,! ,groc] says3--8,?is is ! ?ird edition ( a book :i* we h previ\sly notic$ ) fav\r1 & :i* has met ) consid]able success4 ,al?\gh ! art ( successful tea-bl5d+ is n "o :i* c well be glean$ f m]e book-lore--practical exp]i5ce be+ ess5tial to its acquisition--!re are _m "y beg9n]s1 & possibly also "s old] h&s1 :o w d]ive a good deal ( in=mation f ! "w n[ "u notice4 ,x has evid5tly be5 prep>$ ) mu* c>e1 & 9 its way is a v useful h&book40 ,! ,daily ,*ronicle says3--8,?is capital h&book1 :i* w prove ( great s]vice to m]*ants1 brok]s1 & all engag$ 9 ! tea trade1 has rea*$ a ?ird edition4 ,= consum]s we may extract ! in=mation t wat] = mak+ tea %\ld be s(t & pure2 x %\ld be boil$ quickly1 & us$ :5 at ! boil+ po9t2 ! tea w be at its be/ 9 r less ?an t5 m9utes1 los+ "p ( its flav\r if all[$ to /& long]40 ,! ,groc]'s ,gazette3--8,?is is a "w :i* has n[ rea*$ its ?ird edition1 & :i* fully be>s out its claim z an excell5t h&book on ! subject4 ,n only is x a useful book to all pr(essionally engag$ 9 ! trade1 b x is also calculat$ to educate ^? :o h n _h ! b5efit ( a practical exp]i5ce1 by tea*+ !m h[ to obta9 a k ( ! diff]5t classes ( teas & ! prop] me?od ( mix+ !m4 ,to ! mature groc] ! "w w be ( int]e/1 :ile ! un9itiat$ may by its aid le>n h[ to select prop] teas1 please 8 cu/om]'s palate1 & su/a9 8 reputation by keep+ up ! "* ( 8 mix+s40 ,price #bhs4 ,,! ,,tea ,,cyclop,,dia4 ,a ,compilation1 by ! ,editor ( ! ,indian ,tea ,gazette1 ( ,in=mation on ,tea1 ,tea ,sci5ce & ,cultivation1 ,soils & ,manures1 ,/ati/ics1 c41 ) ,col\r$ ,plates on ,blights4 #cej pages4 ,! ,groc] says3--8,"o ( ! mo/ valuable & exhau/ive contributions to tea lit]ature :i* we rememb] to h se54444 ,! cultivation ( ! plant 9 ! diff]5t di/ricts & prov9ces1 ! selection ( soils & manures1 & build+s = its manufacture1 c41 are all ably treat$ 9 ?is "w2 & z x deals ?or\ghly ) ! sci5tific1 /ati/ical1 & dome/ic bran*es ( ! subject1 x is a manual des]v+ ! att5tion ( ! tea plant]1 import]1 deal]1 & consum]4 ,! exp]i5ce ( practical gr[]s & cultivators is "h fully n>rat$1 ! op9ions ( ! mo/ compet5t au?orities on disput$ po9ts are cle>ly giv5 & expla9$2 &1 9 %ort1 e matt] connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( ! tea trade1 z a gr[+ indu/ry & a wid5+ *annel ( comm]ce1 is gone into ) a complet5ess & precision :i* leave no?+ to be desir$40 ,! ,am]ican ,groc] says3--8,! ,tea ,cyclopdia is "o we c comm5d to our import]s1 groc]s1 & deal]s1 z be+ ! mo/ complete "w ( its k9d on ,indian teas1 z well z furni%+ innum]able items ( int]e/ to ^? engag$ 9 ! sale ( ,*9a & ,japan teas40 ,fancy bo>ds1 price #bs4 ,clo?1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,woman',s ,,=titude-- ,a ,tale ( ! ,indian ,mut9y4 ,by ,lieut4-,col4 ,,edw>d ,,money4 ,,op9ions ,,( ,,! ,,press4 ,public ,op9ion says3--8,! au?or has manag$ to convey ! *>act]i/ic tone ( g>rison talk 9 a v cle> mann]4444 ,!re is mu* good n>rative & brilliancy ( dialogue40 ,! ,scotsman says3--8,writt5 ) mu* _s 444 x w be full ( int]e/ to anybody :o c>es to "k :at ,european life & ,society 7 9 ,india 9 ! la/ days ( #8,john ,company4'0 ,! ,daily ,*ronicle says3--8,! horrors enact$ at ,cawnpore dur+ ! ,indian ,mut9y give a tragic int]e/ to ?is ?rill+ tale40 ,capital & ,lab\r says3--8,! plot ( ! tale is c>efully con/ruct$ & well work$ out1 & :ile ! ma9 purpose is always kept 9 view1 opportunity is tak5 to depict "s ( ! phases ( ,anglo-,indian life1 :ile ! *>act]s 9 ! /ory are clev]ly portray$1 & ! att5tion ( ! read] is nev] all[$ to flag40 ,cr[n #hvo4 clo? elegant1 bevell$ bo>ds1 gilt edges4 ,price #es4 ,pla91 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,jemima4 ,a ,/ory ( ,engli% ,family ,life4 ,by ,,adelaide4 ,) ,frontispiece4 ,,op9ions ,,( ,,! ,,press4 ,! ,times says3--8#8,jemima1' by ,adelaide1 is ano!r tale t girls %\ld c>e to read1 ) suffici5t proportion ( /ory1 & ( a m orig9al type ?an girls' books g5]ally are4 ,! hum\r1 ( :i* !re is an unusual proportion = su* works1 is n1 p]haps1 ( a v subtle or ri* quality1 b x is easy & simple1 & appropriate to ! *>act]s4 ,any hum\r1 s long z x is nei!r vulg> nor obsc5e1 is surely pref]able to ! long-drawn melan*oly :i* is too apt to p]vade girls' books--= :at reason we c\ld nev] und]/&2 girls are no m naturally prone to sadness ?an boys40 ,! ,scotsman says3--8,a bett] /ory ( its k9d ?an #8,jemima' _c easily be met )4 ,! book is writt5 ) a fre%ness & exub]ant buoyancy ( mann] t suit ! subject admirably40 ,! ,academy says3--8#8,jemima' is a v natural & *>m+ /ory ( a v natural & *>m+ little girl4 ,x is exactly :at x pret5ds to be--#8a /ory ( ,engli% family life'--b x has a di/9ctness ( quality :i* is by no means common 9 /ories ( ,engli% family life40 ,! ,daily ,*ronicle says3--8,! /ory ( ,engli% family life told by ,adelaide1 "u ! title ( #8,jemima1' is ( a mu* m reali/ic "*4 ,lively & amus+ ?r\gh\t1 !re is also an elem5t ( good s5se introduc$1 :i* keeps ! juv5ile escapades )9 reasonable b\nds1 & extracts a lesson ev5 f naught9ess40 ,cr[n #hvo4 #b vols4 #ajs4 ea*4 ,,vocabul>y ,,( ,,! ,,engli%-,,malay ,,languages-- ,) ,notes4 ,engli%-,malay ,vocal ,dialogues4 ,by ,,frank ,a4 ,,swett5ham4 ,demy #hvo41 clo?1 price #gs4 #f;d4 ,,hi/orical ,,sket*es ,,( ,,savage ,,life ,,9 ,,polynesia-- ,) ,illu/rative ,clan ,songs4 ,by ,rev4 ,w4 ,w4 ,,gill1 ,b4,a4 ,second & ,revis$ ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 clo? elegant4 ,price #bs4 ,,s]monic ,,fancy ,,"w ,on ! ,figures ( our ,fir/ ,acqua9tances 9 ,lit]ature4 ,by ,,john ,,paul ,,rit*ie4 ,i4 ,little ,jack ,horn]4 ,! ,_s ( ,self-,satisfaction4 ,,ii4 ,pet] ,:ite4 ,h[ we are l$ by ! ,nose4 ,,iii4 ,humpty ,dumpty4 ,! ,_s ( ,exclusiv5ess4 ,,iv4 ,little ,miss ,muffit4 ,! ,education ( ,fe>4 ,v4 ,jack ,spratt & 8 ,wife4 ,! ,p]fect ,law ( ,lib]ty4 ,,vi4 ,jack & ,jill4 ,! ,climb+ ,_s & its ,incumbrances4 ,,vii4 ,little ,bo-peep4 ,! ,recov]y ( ! ,lo/ ,%eep4 ,,viii4 ,beauty & ! ,bea/4 ,! ,union ( ! ,/rong & ,beautiful4 ,,op9ions ,,( ,,! ,,press ,,on ,,! ,,fir/ ,,edition4 ,! ,lit]>y ,*ur*man says3--8,pung5t1 amus+1 & replete ) clev] satire40 ,! ,*ri/ian says3--8,9 ?is +5i\s & novel exp]im5t1 gravity & mir? g h& 9 h&4 ,! /yle is en]getic & po9t$1 & ! matt] pregnant & sugge/ive40 ,! ,sword & ,tr[el says3--8,v clev]40 ,! ,noncon=mi/ says3--8,"u ! guise ( comm5t>y on texts f old nurs]y rhymes & /ories1 ,mr4 ,rit*ie really gives u "s admirable disc\rses--#8,s]monic ,fancy ,"w' 9 v de$4 ,x is a/oni%+ h[1 by ! help ( a slight ve9 ( p>adox & a nimble fancy1 he c pass1 almo/ imp]ceptibly1 f mild fun to v sad e>ne/1 t\*+ n a few ( our mo/ +ra9$ faults 9 ! mo/ effici5t way40 ,! ,scotsman says3--8,a clev]1 :olesome1 readable little book40 ,! ,homili/ says3--8,! s]mons are really good4 ,!y h satire1 b x is satire :i* consumes religi\s rubbi% & nons5se4 ,!y h fun & hum\r1 b y are made to laugh 9 ord] t y may ?9k ) m vig\r & s]i\sness40 ,! ,freeman says3--8,! #8,famili> ,texts' are ! old nurs]y rhymes treat$ homiletically4 ,9 ! /yles adopt$ we fancy we c trace resemblances to ^? ( "s ( ! popul> prea*]s ( our day4 ,! wit is n )\t wisdom4 ,! satire is n de/itute ( s5se4 ,x is ! sort ( book t a read] ) any hum\r 9 him w f9d x difficult to lay d[n be=e he has read x "r ?r\gh40 ,capital & ,lab\r says3--8,a droll book & yet conta9+ mu* qua9t wisdom 9 se>*+ out & apply+ pr9ciples ( tru? & common s5se4444 ,z a :ole1 & consid]+ its heal?y tone & practical scope1 we he>tily comm5d ?is h&some little volume4 ,x is a f9e specim5 ( ! comb9$ arts ( ! typograph] & bookb9d]1 & its attractive ext]ior ought to draw _m read]s1 :o w !n be *>m$ ) ! cont5ts & ) ! unconv5tional me?od ( treatm5t40 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,clo? elegant1 gilt edges1 price #es4 ,pla91 #ds4 #f;d4 ,,won ,,by ,,wait+4 ,a ,/ory ( ,home ,life 9 ,france & ,engl&4 ,by ,,edna ,,lyall4 ,) ,frontispiece by ,,frank ,,murray4 ,,op9ions ,,( ,,! ,,press4 ,! ,daily ,news says3--8,! book is full ( promise1 ! /ory soon deep5s into real int]e/ & develops consid]able p[] ( con/ruction & "* draw+40 ,! ,spectator says3--8,! *>act]s are drawn ) consid]able skill1 ) =ce1 & )\t exagg]ation40 ,! ,academy says3--8,! ,dean's daught]s are p]fectly real *>act]s--! le>n$ ,cornelia especially2--! little impulsive ,fr5* h]o9e1 :o endures _! cold hospitality & at la/ w9s _! affection1 is ?or\ghly *>m+2 :ile ?r\gh\t ! book !re runs a gold5 ?read ( pure bro!rly & si/]ly love1 :i* pleasantly rem9ds u t ! mak+ & m>r+ ( m>riage is n1 aft] all1 ! sum total ( real life40 ,! ,freeman says3--8,a v pleas+ & well-writt5 tale3 full ( graphic descriptions ( ,fr5* & ,engli% life1 ) incid5ts & *>act]s well su/a9$4 ,a book ) su* pleasant read+1 & ) su* a heal?y tone & influ5ce1 is a great boon to ! "y p 9 our families40 ,clo? elegant1 #es4 ,,poems1 ,,dome/ic ,,& ,,miscellane\s4 ,by ,,james ,,giles4 ,! ,%effield ,indep5d5t says3--8,v pretty poems1 full ( a da9ty & airy melody4 ,x is beautifully got up40 ,public ,op9ion says3--8,mr4 ,giles has evid5tly a true poetical in/9ct40 ,! ,lit]>y ,_w says3--8,full ( g5tle human feel+1 dome/ic t5d]ness1 & pati5t submissive ?9k+40 #hvo4 clo?4 ,price #gs4 #f;d4 ,,old ,,ceylon4 ,sket*es ( ,ceylon ,life 9 ! ,old5 ,"t4 ,by ,,john ,,capp]4 ,) ,illu/rations by ,ceylon ,arti/s4 8,readable & ent]ta9+ sket*es40 ,new & ,enl>g$ ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 clo? elegant4 ,price #gs4 #f;d4 ,,seats ,,& ,,saddles1 ,bits & ,bitt+1 ,draught & ,h>ness1 & ! ,prev5tion & ,cure ( ,re/iv5ess 9 ,horses4 ,by ,major ,,francis ,,dwy]4 ,,op9ions ,,( ,,! ,,press ,,on ,,! ,,new ,,edition4 ,bell's ,life says3--8,! "w :i* ,major ,dwy] has s successfully c>ri$ ?r\gh ! press 9 two =m] editions is1 = ! ?ird "t1 pres5t$ to ! public 9 a new & enl>g$ =m4 ,9 all ! details ( horse managem5t ! au?or is p]fectly at home1 & ! practical way 9 :i* he deals ) 8 subject _c fail to be appreciat$ by eque/rians or ^? :o keep /uds4 ,! fir/ portion ( ! volume is devot$ to a l5g?y diss]tation on ! all-important subject ( ,seats & ,saddles4 ,^! *apt]s af=d mu* valuable in=mation ga9$ by a c>eful /udy1 n only ( ! framework ( ! animal consid]$ f a me*anical po9t ( view1 b also ( ! influ5ce ( ! saddle 9 its relation to ! seat ( ! rid]4444 ,we assure our read]s t ! :ole cont5ts ( ! book are well wor? p]usal4 ,x may be well1 h[ev]1 to m5tion t ! "q ( bits & bitt+ is ?or\ghly consid]$1 :ile ,"p ,,iii4 is tak5 up ) rem>ks on ! true pr9ciples :i* %\ld be obs]v$ 9 matt]s ( draught & h>ness4 ,! conclud+ portion ( ! book deals ) t wor/ ( all vices 9 ! horse1 re/iv5ess1 its prev5tion & cure40 ,! ,saturday ,review says3--8,x is a book :i* we %\ld recomm5d to ! notice ( "y cavalry (fic]s40 ,limp clo?1 pla91 #as4 ,clo? gilt1 gilt or r$ edges1 #as4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,liv+ ,,epi/le2 ,or1 ,! ,influ5ce ( ,*ri/ian ,"*4 ,! ,*ri/ian says3--8,unfl9*+ 9 its loyalty to ! highe/ ( all /&>ds1 simple 9 its del9eation ( :at ,*ri/ian "* %\ld be1 e>ne/ 9 its appeals to ! he>t & to common s5se1 ?is little book br+s to its read]s a draught ( cle>1 pure air1 & ought to s5d !m on _! way invigorat$ & quick5$ 9 _! desires aft] hol9ess40 ,! ,freeman says3--8,a really +5i\s & beautiful exposition ( ! inspir$ description ( ,*ri/ian life4 ,! volume is f ! p5 ( ! late ,dr4 ,j5kyn1 =m]ly ( ,c[>d ,college1 & is wor?y ( a place by ! side ( o!r works we owe him40 ,9 ,l>ge ,cr[n #hvo4 clo? elegant1 bevell$ bo>ds4 ,price #ads4 ,,p]?%ire ,,9 ,,bygone ,,days-- ,"o ,hundr$ ,biographical ,essays4 ,by ,p4 ,r4 ,,drummond1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,,op9ions ,,( ,,! ,,press4 ,! ,noncon=mi/ says3--8,! volume is simply full ( ! racie/ mat]ial1 on ! :ole well laid out1 & _c fail to prove ( int]e/ to _m beyond ! circle ( ,p]?%ire m5 into ^: h& x may h ! good =tune to come4 ,mr4 ,drummond _h no purpose to s]ve 9 writ+ ! book beyond giv+ v5t to 8 wide k & 8 love ( ! subject4 ,he 0 a booksell] 9 ,p]?1 & x is evid5t t to no?+ 9 lit]ature or 9 human life 0 he indiff]5t4 ,all ! notables he knew2 & he treasur$ up ana ye> by ye> simply because x fell 9 ) 8 ta/es & enjoym5ts to d s4444 ,! book is full ( delici\s morsels40 ,! ,a!num says3--8,x conta9s a great deal ( s\nd s5se1 & _m amus+ /ories40 ,price #a;d4 ,/iff ,pap]1 #b;d4 ,) ,gold ,bead1 head & foot1 #d;d4 ,oak ,bead1 #f;d4 ,h&somely ,fram$1 #es4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,p',s ,,political ,,almanack1 ,a ,%eet ,cal5d>1 edit$ by ,,john ,,noble1 ( ! ,london & ,c\nties ,lib]al ,union4 ,! ,daily ,news says3--8,x is ornam5t$ ) an excell5t engrav+ ( ! ,victoria ,t[]4 ,x %\ld hang 9 e ,lib]al ,club 9 ! ,k+dom40 #ajj ,copies1 po/ free1 #hs42 #ejj ,copies1 po/ free1 #a #aes42 #a1jjj ,copies1 po/ free1 #c4 ,if #a1jjj copies are tak51 ! names ( ! ,(fic]s ( ,local ,societies & _! ,bran*es are pr9t$ at foot free ( *>ge4 ,price #cs4 #f;d4 ,,sa*s',s ,,g]man ,,gramm>-- ,a ,complete ,gramm> ( ,pure ,mod]n ,high-,g]man4 ,a ,new & ,practical ,me?od ( ,le>n+ ! ,g]man ,language4 ,by ,h4 ,,sa*s4 ,! ,daily ,telegraph says3--8,a complete introduction to pure mod]n ,high-,g]man on true pr9ciples40 ,price #f;d4 ,clo?1 #as4 ,,/ray ,,h9ts ,,on ,,lawn ,,t5nis1 ,) late/ ,club ,rules4 ,by ,,nemo4 ,includ+ ,directions = mak+ ! ,be/ & ,*eape/ ,poles yet inv5t$--)\t ,guy ,ropes4 ,price #gs4 #f;d4 ,,:itt+ham',s ,,skeleton ,,telegraph ,,code-- ,a ,secret ,expansive ,code = ord9>y ,bus9ess ,purposes--) ,code ,words repres5t+ ,p\nds ,/]l+1 ,numb]s1 e ,date 9 ! ,ye>1 ,weights1 c41 9 addition to ,words & ,spaces available = #d1ejj ,special ,messages--all ,code ,words revis$ "u ! late/ ,int]national ,regulations4 ,! ,/&>d says3--8,appe>s to u to answ] admirably ! purpose = :i* compos$40 #hvo41 roan1 price #es4 ,! 8#ahha0 ,code1 #abs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,social ,,code3 ,compil$ = ,family ,use 9 ,telegraph+ to ,fri5ds abroad4 8,! be/ ( its k9d40 ,price #es4 ,,! ,,premium ,,calculator-- ,an ,(fice ,manual1 ) ,cut ,index1 = ! use ( ,und]writ]s1 c4 ,by ,c4 ,,mckay ,,smi?4 ,,dr4 ,,ag]',s ,,telegraph ,,codes4 ,g5]al ,comm]cial1 #b #aes42 ,/&>d1 #ajj1jjj ,words1 #e #es42 ,%ipp+1 #bas42 ,skeleton1 #af1jjj ,words & ,spaces1 #abs4 #f;d42 ,corn ,m]*ants1 #a #aas4 #f;d4 ,w4 ,b4 ,,:itt+ham ,,co41 ,,manufactur+ ,,& ,,export ,,/ation]s ,,pr9t]s1 ,booksell]s & ,publi%]s1 & ,acc\nt ,book ,mak]s1 #ia1 ,,grace*ur* ,,/reet1 ,,london4 7,works3 #d1 ,:ite ,h>t ,c\rt1 ,bi%opsgate47 ,,/ation]y ,,dep>tm5t4 ,all ,articles ( ,,comm]cial ,,/ation]y on ,export t]ms4 ,m]*ants1 ,bank]s1 & ,companies' ,,l$g]s & ,,acc\nt ,,books1 ,p>*m5t1 ,vellum1 ,loan1 & all k9ds ( ,pr9t+ & ,writ+ ,pap]s1 ,:olesale & ,retail4 ,lett] & ,note ,pap] & ,envelopes ( e description4 ,,designs suppli$ = ,bills ( ,ex*ange1 ,bills ( ,lad+1 ,scrip ,c]tificates & ,bonds1 ,promissory ,notes1 & ,bank]s' ,*eques4 ,c>d ,plates ,engrav$1 ,dies ,cut1 & ,cre/ or ,monogram ,/amp$4 ,,pr9t+ ,,dep>tm5t4 ,e ,bran* ( ,,lett]press ,,pr9t+ 9 ,late/ ,/yles f ,new ,types4 ,bus9ess ,circul>s1 ,prices ,curr5t1 & ,m]cantile ,pr9t+ ( all k9ds4 ,books1 ,p]iodicals1 & ,pamphlets1 ,pr9t$ to ,e/imate4 ,,li?ographic ,,pr9t+4 ,li?ographic ,lett]s1 ,fac-simile or o!rwise1 ,bank]s & ,m]*ants' ,circul>s1 ,auctione]'s ,e/ate ,plans1 ,policies & ,cal5d>s ,design$ & ,produc$ 9 e v>iety ( ,/yle4 ,,book ,,dep>tm5t4 ,books s5t ,po/ ,free1 on receipt ( ! ,publi%$ ,price1 to any "p ( ,engl&1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,egypt1 ,briti% ,india1 & ,cont95tal ,c\ntries )9 ! ,po/al ,union4 ,,newspap]s & ,,p]iodicals4 ,despat*$ ) regul>ity to any "p ( ! ,_w4 ,au?oris$ ,,ag5ts = ! ,supply ( ! ,bills ( ,lad+ ( ! 8,p59sul> & ,ori5tal10 ! 8,briti% ,india10 ! 8,messag]ies ,m>itimes10 & o!r /eam ,navigation ,companies4 ,,acc\nt ,,books4 ,messrs4 ,w4 ,b4 ,:itt+ham ,co4 invite att5tion to ! unsurpass$ ,/r5g? & ,f9i% ( ! ,l$g]s :i* !y ,manufacture4 ,! same ,workman%ip & ,mat]ials :i* = m ?an ,half-a-,c5tury h e/abli%$ ! reputation ( ^! ,acc\nt ,books are gu>ante$4 ,w4 ,b4 ,,:itt+ham ,,co41 #ia1 ,grace*ur*-/41 ,london4 ,transcrib]'s ,note ,! foll[+ app>5t errors h be5 correct$3 p4 #ad x well *ang$ to x w p4 #id wonld *ang$ to w\ld p4 #ig fiftee5 *ang$ to fifte5 p4 #ajg a4 *ang$ to a1 p4 #aci leafs *ang$ to leaves p4 #agg 7note7 0-- *ang$ to 03-- p4 #ahg simili> *ang$ to simil> p4 #bjc consid]$4 *ang$ to consid]$1 p4 #bdc litle *ang$ to little p4 #bfd viz1 *ang$ to viz41 p4 #bfd seive-me% *ang$ to sieve-me% p4 #bgc loose *ang$ to lose p4 #bgc t>e4 *ang$ to t>e1 p4 #bhj he gross *ang$ to ! gross p4 #bii ,haz>eebagh *ang$ to ,haz>eebaugh p4 #cjj ,transport1 *ap *ang$ to ,transport1 *ap4 p4 #cja title *ang$ to -- title ,adv]tisem5t ,*ap]s *ang$ to ,*apt]s ,adv]tisem5t ,,p]iodicals *ang$ to ,,p]iodicals4 ,inconsi/5t spell+1 hyph5ation1 italics & punctuation h o!rwise be5 kept z pr9t$4 ,tables h be5 refactor$ = accessibility4