,illustration3 ,,chambers',s ,,journal  
,,of    ,,popular    ,,literature1      
,,science1 ,,and ,,art4    ,fourth      
,series    ,,conducted ,,by ,,william   
,,and ,,robert ,,chambers4    ,,no4     
#gcc4      ,,saturday1 ,,january #ab1   
#ahgh4      ,,price #a;d4          ,,the
 ,,jubilee ,,singers4      ,one of the  
most interesting and vivid of our       
recollections is that  of witnessing    
some scenes in negro slavery in the     
,united ,states1 now  upwards of twenty 
years ago--very nearly the close of the 
iniquity2  but of that nobody was aware4
 ,there was a novelty in seeing fairly  
dressed men and women brought out for   
sale by public auction1 and  in         
observing how the persons who came to   
buy carefully examined the  men's hands 
and the flexibility of their fingers1   
looked into their  mouths to make sure  
of their teeth1 and having effected a   
removal of  the coats and shirts1       
scanned the bare backs to discover      
whether they  had suffered by the lash4 

,just as in buying horses in a market1  
it  was quite a business affair2 and    
what was a little surprising1 the       
unfortunate objects of this degrading   
exhibition took all in good part4  ,but 
what else could they do8 ,in the grasp  
of power1 they knew that  resistance was
 worse than useless4 ,close by were     
cow-hide whips handled  by heartless    
ruffians voraciously chewing tobacco1 as
 if to keep up  the proper inspiration  
of brutality4 ,across the way was seen  
an ugly  brick building inscribed with  
the word ,,jail1 in tall black letters  
on  a white ground1 to which            
establishment1 in case of remonstrance1 
the  poor wretches would have been      
instantly marched for punishment4 ,doom 
hopeless6    ,the equanimity1 and indeed
 the good-humour1 with which these      
blacks  seemed to endure their fate1    
indicated1 we thought1 good points  of  
character4 ,nowhere in travelling about 
did we observe anything  positively     
disagreeable1 to remind us that the     

labourers in the fields  or the         
loiterers at doorways were slaves4      
,often1 we heard singing  and jollity1  
as if light-heartedness was on the whole
 predominant4  ,obviously1 slave-owners 
were not all ,legrees4 ,on the contrary1
 in  many instances they shewed a kind  
indulgence to their #8servants1' as     
they called them1 and were pleased to   
see them singing1 laughing1 and  making 
merry in the intervals of rest from     
labour4 ,perhaps this is not  saying    
much1 for the singing of slaves may be  
compared to the notes  of a bird in     
captivity1 to be admired1 but pitied4   
,anyway1 there was  a disposition to    
seek solacement in the outpouring of    
song4 ,if not  intellectually brilliant1
 the negro is naturally vivacious4 ,even
 when  he grows old1 he is still        
something of a boy1 with an inherent    
love of  frolic4 ,he is clever in       
picking up tunes1 and one of the        
complaints  which we heard against him  
in a free state was that if not looked  

after by his master1 he would           
continually go out to entertainments and
  dance all night4 ,a curious result of 
the taste for music has been the        
creation of what are known as negro     
melodies2 partly suggested by old       
,english airs1 and by the psalm and hymn
 tunes that had been heard at  church or
 in the devotional exercises of         
missionaries4 ,with a blended           
simplicity and oddity1 the negro airs   
which have gained currency are          
wonderfully harmonious and touching4    
,the time is well marked1 shewing       
correctness of ear1 and accordingly the 
pieces1 however eccentric  in language1 
are well adapted for singing in harmony 
by a number of  voices4 ,from the       
performances of the #8,christy          
,minstrels1' as they  are usually       
designated--white men with blackened    
faces imitative of  negroes--people will
 have a pretty good idea of the melodies
 we speak  of2 but we should say that   
the real thing is to be obtained only   

from a  band of genuine negroes1 who for
 some years have been travelling about1 
and who style themselves the ,jubilee   
,singers4 ,of these we want to say      
something4    ,as is well known1 the    
abolition of slavery in the ,united     
,states was  no deliberate act of       
national justice and humanity1 but took 
place  in consequence of a proclamation 
issued by ,president ,lincoln in the    
exigency of the civil war in #ahfb4     
,without preparation for freedom1  over 
four millions of slaves were thrown on  
their own resources4 ,they  could work1 
but comparatively few of them could     
read2 for it had been  hitherto penal to
 teach them4 ,considering their state of
 ignorance1 and  the good grounds they  
generally had for resenting past        
treatment1 they  behaved with a singular
 degree of moderation4 ,what1 however1  
was to be  done with such a mass of     
illiterates1 unaccustomed to            
self-reliance1  and who1 even if        
desirous of being taught1 had no means  

of being so8  ,here comes in a bright   
feature of the ,anglo-,saxon and        
,christian-minded  ,north4 ,within six  
months of the close of the war1         
societies of  benevolent individuals    
sprang up to extend the blessings of    
elementary  education to hordes of      
negroes2 and in which movement ladies   
appropriately took part4 ,in the        
confusion and rankling animosities  that
 prevailed in the ,south1 the efforts to
 uplift the negro by  means of schools  
were heroic1 often dangerous1 and always
 attended  with difficulty4 ,there was  
likewise much good done by the ,american
  ,missionary ,association4 ,schools1   
academies1 and preaching stations  were 
at length established in quarters where 
they were most needed4 ,to  complete the
 organisation of humanising influences1 
some thoughtful  individuals struck out 
the idea of establishing a ,university  
for the  higher education of the freed  
people1 and training them to go forth as
  ministers and teachers1 as well as    

leaders in various departments of  civil
 life4    ,it was easier to conceive    
this brilliant idea than to bring it to 
a practical issue4 ,where was the money 
to come from to build a  ,university1 to
 equip it properly1 and to pay for      
professors8 ,there  would even be a     
difficulty in finding a site1 for few   
land-owners in  a central situation     
would be willing to promote the         
elevation of the  coloured races4 ,the  
history of the way in which these       
preliminary  difficulties were overcome 
is about as interesting a narrative as  
we  ever read4 ,immense spirit and      
ingenuity were developed in bringing the
  scheme into shape4 ,without saying    
what it was for1 a suitable site was    
procured at the price of sixteen        
thousand dollars1 near ,nashville1 the  
capital of ,tennessee4 ,there were      
already a few frame-buildings on the    
spot1 which were employed to accommodate
 a school1 as a beginning of  the       
proposed educational operations4 ,the   

institution was called the  ,fisk       
,university1 in honour of ,general      
,clinton ,b4 ,fisk1 who had taken  a    
warm interest in the undertaking4 ,the  
establishment was opened in  ,january   
#ahff4    ,by-and-by the school1 or we  
might say schools1 throve4 ,thousands of
  negroes were taught by a band of eager
 teachers1 some of whom only a  short   
time before did not know one letter from
 another4 ,there was an  honest         
enthusiasm in the whole affair that     
brought with it the blessing  of        
success4 ,again we are called on to note
 what good is often done by  the quiet  
unprompted and unselfish energy of a    
single individual4 ,about  the time when
 the ,fisk ,university was organised1   
there cast up a young  man named ,white1
 who1 looking about for a means of      
livelihood1 took up  the profession of  
teacher4 ,he was the son of a village   
blacksmith in  the state of ,new ,york1 
had fought in several battles during the
 war1  and made himself useful in       

connection with the ,freedman's ,bureau 
at  ,nashville4 ,he had a special taste 
for vocal music1 with which he amused   
his leisure hours1 and this             
accomplishment along with good business 
habits1 made him very acceptable as a   
coadjutor in the ,university4  ,white   
started a singing class among the       
negroes1 male and female1 who  came to  
get lessons in reading2 and1 pleased    
with their aptitude1 he  fell upon the  
bold plan of drilling them as a choir of
 singers1 who  should travel through the
 ,northern cities in the hope of        
gathering  money to help the ,university
 funds4 ,getting his band into trim1 he 
set  out with them on a musical         
excursion in ,october #ahga1 carrying   
with  them the good wishes of all1 from 
the ,principal of the institution       
downwards4    ,in our own country1 the  
getting up of a university1 or even the 
enlargement of one1 is ordinarily a     
serious affair4 ,unless some wealthy    
person has bequeathed money for the     

purpose1 government is worried  for     
grants1 and the public are worried for  
subscriptions4 ,keeping  proceedings of 
this kind in view1 one can hardly fail  
to be amused  with the novel and heroic 
notion entertained by a dozen           
simple-minded  negroes in trying to     
collect fifty to a hundred thousand     
pounds  for a ,university by mere dint  
of singing a few simple hymns1 which    
illustrious dons of the musical         
profession would only laugh at4 ,yet1   
this is what was attempted4 ,led by     
,white as general manager1 and by  ,miss
 ,wells1 who took the oversight of the  
girls of the party1 the  negroes went on
 their way1 poorly clothed1 and with    
barely means to  pay for a night's      
lodging4 ,we observe by the history     
given of them1  that they trusted a good
 deal to kind treatment from            
,congregational  and other churches4    
,they got the gratuitous use of chapels 
for their  concerts1 or what were termed
 #8praise services1' and when they      

became  known1 engagements freely poured
 in upon them4 ,the sweetness of the    
voices1 the accuracy of the execution1  
the precision of the time1  and the wild
 simplicity of the words1 astonished the
 audiences who  listened to them2 the   
wonder being of course augmented by the 
fact of  their colour and the knowledge 
that only a few years ago these singers 
had been slaves4 ,although generally    
well received1 they had at first        
numerous difficulties to encounter4 ,the
 expense of travelling from town  to    
town was considerable4 ,to give a       
distinctive character to their          
enterprise1 they assumed the name of    
,jubilee ,singers1 significant of  their
 emancipation in #ahfb1 as the year of  
negro jubilee6    ,their first eminent  
successes were at ,new ,york1 ,boston1  
and in  ,connecticut4 ,the good-will of 
the people took the shape not only  of  
money contributions1 but of articles to 
furnish their proposed  ,university4 ,a 
firm at ,boston made them a present of a

 thousand dollar  organ4 ,the singing   
campaign of three months over the       
principal parts  of the ,northern states
 yielded1 after paying all expenses1 the
 sum of  twenty thousand dollars4 ,the  
company were received at the ,university
  with joy and thanksgiving--a          
prodigious triumph for ,white1 the      
planner  and conductor of the           
expedition4    ,encouraged by this      
success1 a second campaign followed1 and
 the result  was another sum of twenty  
thousand dollars1 making forty thousand 
that had now been secured4 ,in this     
expedition1 the party encountered       
various caste prejudices4 ,halls were   
refused to them2 at some  railway       
stations they were treated with         
indignity1 and hotel-keepers  declined  
to give them accommodation4 ,at one     
hotel where the keeper  received them1  
all the waiters deserted their posts1   
and the ,jubilee  ,singers waited on    
themselves and blackened their own      
boots4 ,these  misadventures were taken 

with good-humour4 ,having so far done   
well  within ,american territory1 the   
party resolved to try their fortune  in 
,great ,britain1 for which purpose they 
were favoured with letters  of          
introduction likely to advance their    
enterprise4 ,curiously enough1  cabin   
accommodation was refused to the party  
by one after another of  the leading    
ocean steamship lines4 ,at last they    
were received on board  one of the      
,cunard steamers1 and safely and        
agreeably landed in ,england4    ,the   
letters of introduction worked marvels4 
,we are to contemplate the  ,jubilee    
,singers one ,may afternoon in #ahgc1 at
 ,willis's ,rooms1 giving  a private    
concert to a select body of individuals1
 by invitation of  the ,earl of         
,shaftesbury and a ,committee of the    
,freedman's ,aid ,society4  ,there was a
 distinguished assemblage2 the singers  
did their best1 and  all were delighted4
 ,the ,duke and ,duchess of ,argyll were
 foremost in  expressing a desire to    

promote the object of the party1 and    
arranged  for a visit of the singers to 
,argyll ,lodge the next day4 ,this visit
 to  ,argyll ,lodge was a notable event4
 ,the ,queen1 who is always foremost  in
 works of intelligent benevolence1      
graciously attended for a short  time1  
and listened with manifest pleasure to  
the hymns which the  singers had learned
 in bondage4 ,her ,majesty in departing1
 communicated  through the ,duke her    
thanks for the gratification she had    
received4  ,these preliminary efforts   
insured to the ,jubilee ,singers a wide 
round  of popularity4 ,hospitable       
invitations poured in upon them from    
persons  of literary and political      
distinction4 ,among the most pleasurable
  of these invitations was one to       
breakfast from ,mr ,gladstone1 then     
prime-minister1 by whom they were       
cordially received4 ,after breakfast1   
the singers entertained the company with
 their wonderful music4 ,the  intense   
feeling with which they sang ,john      

,brown1 with the refrain--        ,john 
,brown died that the slave might be     
free1    electrified the audience2 and  
#8never1' said a spectator1 #8shall ,i  
forget ,mr ,gladstone's rapt            
enthusiastic attention4 ,his form was   
bent  forward1 his eyes were riveted2   
all the intellect and soul of his great 
nature seemed expressed in his          
countenance2 and when they had finished1
  he kept saying3 8,isn't it wonderful8 
,i never heard anything like it60'      
,after spending three months in ,london1
 the ,jubilee ,singers proceeded  to    
give a round of concerts in the         
principal towns of ,england and         
,scotland2 being everywhere well        
received by large and appreciative      
audiences4 ,financially1 the excursion  
was eminently successful4  ,nearly ten  
thousand pounds had been raised for the 
,fisk ,university1  besides special     
gifts for the purchase of philosophical 
apparatus1 and  donations of books for  
the library4 ,the money collected first 

and last  by the singers now amounted to
 about twenty thousand pounds1 which    
went a considerable way towards the     
building of the ,university1 which      
assumed shape and was opened in #ahge4  
,to reinforce the funds1 another  visit 
to ,great ,britain was determined on4   
,we cannot go into an account  of this  
second visit2 it is enough to say that  
the singers again made  their appearance
 in all the principal towns of ,england 
and ,scotland1  and were able to take   
back the sum of ten thousand pounds2    
making in  all as a result of their     
labours the sum of thirty thousand4     
,since  this time1 the party have made  
various excursions1 always increasing   
the funds for the erection of college   
buildings2 but of the exact  particulars
 we have no account4 ,one of the objects
 in view is to erect  a building called 
the ,livingstone ,missionary ,hall1     
designed1 as we  understand1 for the    
special preparation of missionaries for 
,africa4 ,the  latest statement we see  

on the subject is that the ,jubilee     
,singers have  gone on a visit to       
,germany1 to secure funds to complete   
this building  and further equip the    
,university for missionary work4    ,the
 vicissitudes of travelling at home and 
abroad during several years  led to     
changes in the company of singers4 ,when
 members were obliged to  retire1 others
 equally qualified took their place4 ,at
 different times  twenty-four persons in
 all have belonged to the company4 ,all 
of them  have been slaves or of slave   
parentage4 ,excepting a few mulattoes1  
all have been of a pure negro type2 and 
their respective histories  offer some  
interesting facts concerning the        
condition of people of  colour in the   
slave states up till the period of      
general emancipation4  ,it is gratifying
 to know that the extraordinary change  
of life from  privation and contumely to
 comfort and public respect has not     
uplifted  the feelings1 or materially   
altered the habits of the members of    

the corps4 ,in their moral and religious
 obligations they have ever  been       
irreproachable4 ,we are told that none  
of them uses tobacco2 and  their        
,english friends1 whose hospitalities   
have been so abundant1 are  equally     
surprised1 if not gratified1 to find    
that they are inveterate  abstainers    
from alcoholic liquors4 ,considering the
 temptations and  buffetings of their   
early life1 there is not a little to    
admire in the  conduct as well as in the
 accomplishments of the several         
individuals  composing the party4 ,the  
energetic yet modest way they have      
acquitted  themselves in the routine of 
the very peculiar duties imposed on     
them1  is probably not often met with in
 parties of higher pretensions4    ,we  
have now in brief told the story of the 
,jubilee ,singers1 and  it is more than 
ordinarily remarkable4 ,a handful of    
freed negro  slaves undertaking by      
voluntary efforts to collect funds      
wherewith  to establish and support a   

,university1 having for its object the  
higher education of the coloured        
population in the ,united ,states4  ,the
 enterprise has had no parallel4 ,these 
negroes do not beg1 nor do  they trouble
 people for subscriptions4 ,they only   
try to raise funds  by the exercise of  
their talents in an honest line of      
industry1 by  communicating pleasure to 
countless audiences4 ,amidst the frauds 
and commercial rascalities of pompous   
pretenders that are becoming  a scandal 
to the age1 the unselfish and noble     
endeavours of these  humble melodists   
stand out in marked contrast1 as        
something to applaud  and to redeem     
human nature4 ,the marvel of the        
enterprise has been  its universal      
success4 ,high and low are equally      
pleased4 ,professing  no particular     
knowledge in music1 but yielding to none
 in an ardent  admiration of the simpler
 class of national ballads and songs1 we
 have  listened to the melodies of the  
,jubilee ,singers with heartfelt        

delight4  ,whether with or without      
instrumental accompaniment1 the melodies
 might  be described as supplying a new 
relish4 ,it has been remarked that the  
greater number of the pieces are in the 
same scale as that in which  ,scottish  
music is written1 with the fourth and   
seventh tones omitted4  ,this would only
 indicate the untutored nature of their 
origin1 and  the wonder is greater at   
the effects produced4 ,nothing is left  
for  us to add but an advice to our     
readers4 ,it is1 to take the earliest   
opportunity to go and hear the ,,jubilee
 ,,singers4        ,w4 ,c4              
,,helena1 ,,lady ,,harrogate4           
,,chapter ,,ii4--,,at ,,carbery ,,chase4
    ,the horseman1 at whose approach the
 interesting inmate of ,the             
,traveller's ,rest had so abruptly      
withdrawn from the place of  observation
 whence he was contemplating the        
,elizabethan front of  ,carbery ,court1 
had scarcely recognised in the lounger  
smoking his pipe  beneath the elm1 the  

bronzed seafaring fellow whom he had    
frequently  of late encountered4 ,but as
 the man moved off with hasty step and  
an  evident dislike to observation1 the 
rider's eyes for a moment followed  him4
    #8,a queer customer that1' he said  
carelessly to himself4 #8,what is he1 ,i
  wonder8 ,if ,i saw that ugly face of  
his near ,ashdown ,park or ,newmarket   
,heath1 ,i'd lay a trifle that he was a 
racing tout2 in ,london ,i would  class 
him as a dog-dealer or dog-stealer1 or  
possibly a sham smuggler1  one of those 
gruff longshore-men who waylay you with 
their contraband  cabbage-leaf          
,trabucos2 but being here1 ,i think he  
has more the look  of a real one4'      
,having said which1 he rode on1 in the  
quiet enjoyment of a cigar1  towards the
 material of which it is unlikely that  
the leaf of any  ,british vegetable had 
contributed2 while no sound but the     
jingling of  the bridle-rein and the    
tramp of the horse's feet broke the     
silence4  ,overhead there soared aloft a

 living canopy of verdure1 formed by    
the mighty trees1 that seemed to throw1 
as it were1 a succession of  triumphal  
arches over the smooth carriage-road1   
flecked with broad bars  of light and   
shadow4 ,there were vistas here and     
there1 opening out  from between the    
massive trees1 on which an artist's eye 
might have  feasted1 dells clothed with 
beech and birch trees1 fairy glens      
through  which trickled some brooklet   
fresh from its cradle among the ridges  
of  ,dartmoor1 pools on which the       
water-lily floated1 and around which the
  deer bent down their antlered heads to
 drink4 ,but ,jasper ,denzil had  little
 or no appreciation of the charms of a  
landscape1 and as he rode  on1 the only 
comment which escaped him was evoked by 
the sight of the  superb old house1 its 
many windows glistening golden in the   
sloping  sun1 as though to challenge    
admiration4    #8,tiresome old jail6' he
 said1 tossing away the stump of his    
cigar4 #8,a  nice place to be mewed up  

in1 with the ,london season at          
high-pressure1  is this6 ,if it were    
mine to do as ,i liked with'---- ,but   
the only son  and heir of ,sir ,sykes   
,denzil did not definitely state the    
course that  he should pursue were he   
undisputed proprietor of ,carbery       
,chase4    ,jasper1 whose actual age may
 have been six or at the most seven and 
twenty1 was one of those men of whom it 
is puzzling to say whether  they look1  
for their years1 very youthful or       
surprisingly old4 ,he was  below the    
middle height1 and his smooth pale face 
seemed at first  sight almost boyish2   
but the cold glance of the small blue   
eyes1 the  firmness of the compressed   
lips1 and the tell-tale lines that were 
faintly visible at the angles of both   
eyes and mouth1 were not such as  we    
associate with ingenuous youth4         
,captain ,denzil 7,jasper had at an     
early age attained1 thanks to the       
golden ladder by which the offspring of 
wealthy men were wont to climb1  his    

captaincy in the light cavalry regiment 
to which he had till  recently belonged7
 had proved himself an expensive son to 
,sir ,sykes4  ,his fair moustache1      
pallid face1 and drawling accent were   
well known on  race-courses1 and quite  
familiar in those darkened rooms at     
fashionable  clubs where the fickle     
goddess ,chance is worshipped by        
card-players  around their lamp-lit     
green tables1 while it is honest        
daylight in the  workaday world beyond4 
,he rode into the yard and dismounted2  
but instead of immediately  entering the
 house1 lingered to exchange a          
thoughtful word or two as  to the signs 
of an incipient spavin in the off       
fore-leg of the fiery  chestnut which he
 had been riding4    #8,knew he wasn't  
sound of course1 when ,i bought him1'   
remarked the  captain1 with calm        
philosophy4 #8,a friend's horse never   
is1 especially  when the friend is such 
an impulsive open-hearted fellow as     
,charley  ,granger4 ,but he was cheap1  

and he has a turn of speed1 and ,i've   
entered  him for the ,pebworth          
,steeplechase1 and don't want to pay    
forfeit4 ,so  see to the bandages1      
,phillips1 will you2 and don't have him 
out1 except  for gentle exercise on the 
soft1 this fortnight4 ,we mustn't       
neglect  that leg4'    ,jasper was not  
one of those who care for a horse1 as   
some of us do1 for  the horse's own     
sake1 and out of genuine love for the   
noblest of the  dumb servants that do   
the bidding of mankind4 ,but he did     
regard the  genus equus as a very       
valuable instrument for gambling        
purposes1 and  as such to be tended with
 jealous care and helped1 when          
convenient1 to  victory on the turf4    
,with a slow step and a careless        
indolent manner1 ,jasper ,denzil crossed
  the paved yard1 and entered by a      
side-door the mansion that must  one day
 in the course of nature be his1 but of 
which as a place of  residence we have  
already heard him express an opinion the

 reverse  of flattering4 ,there was very
 little at ,carbery ,chase to amuse the 
captain1 cut off from his usual sources 
of excitement and a temporary  exile    
from ,london and its pleasures4 ,it was 
sorry work this pottering  business of  
picking up a few ten-pound bets on      
country courses1 or  winning paltry     
stakes by the aid of wretched platers4  
,it was better  than nothing no doubt2  
precisely as at ,monaco we see the      
ruined  millionaire1 ,spanish or        
,russian1 eagerly playing for silver    
when his  last rouleaux of louis-d'or   
have taken wing2 but he felt that it was
  a sore degradation for one whose dash 
and coolness had won dubious            
compliments from very great personages4 
,traversing a passage1 ,jasper presently
 crossed the great hall--full  of costly
 marbles brought from ,italy1 in days   
when there were no  manufacturers of the
 spurious antique--and opened the door  
of what was  known as the morning-room1 
cheerful and bright as a morning-room   

should  be1 and overlooking the         
rose-garden1 then glorious in its glow  
and  blush of tender colour4    ,two    
ladies were the occupants of the room1  
both young and both pretty1  though each
 of them had that likeness to ,jasper   
7her only brother7  which we so         
constantly trace in members of the same 
family4 ,lucy it  is true was           
dark-haired and dark-eyed2 while        
,blanche1 the younger and  taller of the
 two1 was delicately--perhaps too       
delicately--fair of  complexion1 and had
 hair of the palest gold4 ,sir ,sykes   
had been for  several years a widower2  
and all the ,denzil family1 with the    
exception  of the baronet himself1 were 
now present in that room1 through the   
,french windows of which came stealing  
in the fresh scent of roses4    #8,i saw
 you1 ,jasper1 from the pheasantry1 as  
you came up the park2 but  you did not  
see me1' said ,miss ,denzil1 smiling4   
#8,you did not stay1  then1 to see the  
finish of the ,pebworth cricket-match8' 

#8,i--no6' answered ,jasper with a yawn4
 #8,cricket is amusing1 ,i daresay1  to 
those who knock the ball about1 or to   
those who run to pick it up  again1 as  
the ,french countess said of our noble  
national game2 but it  is               
slow--fearfully slow4' ,and the captain 
yawned again4    #8,most things are1 ,i 
am afraid1 at ,carbery1' said ,blanche  
gently4--#8,we  have tried to amuse     
him--have we not1 ,lucy8--by dragging   
him with  us to such primitive          
merry-makings as lay within driving     
distance1  archery-meetings1            
flower-shows'----    #8,yes1 and all    
manner of ,arcadian entertainments of   
the same species1'  interrupted ,jasper1
 drumming with his ringed fingers on the
 glass of  the open window near which he
 was standing4 #8,i believe ,i had a    
narrow  escape from what they called a  
sillabub party at that old woman's      
7,lady  ,di ,horner's7 house at ,ottery 
,st ,luke's1 with a cow on the lawn and 
the  rest of it4 ,the natives1 ,i       

suppose1 like that kind of thing2 ,i    
don't4'  ,there was a half-peevish      
lassitude in his tone1 in his attitude1 
as he  spoke1 which added emphasis to   
words that were1 if ungracious1 perhaps 
not unkindly meant4 ,but his sisters    
were not in the least offended that     
their brother should shew so            
unaffectedly how little pleasure he took
  in their society1 and how complete was
 his distaste for their simple          
pleasures and homely occupations4 ,a    
grown-up brother is1 in the eyes  of    
good girls1 a hero by right of birth1   
and with ,lucy and ,blanche the  captain
 was a privileged person1 not to be     
judged by the standards of  ordinary    
ethics4    #8,if the governor1' said    
,jasper1 after a pause1 #8would ask     
people down  here--,i mean of course    
after town is empty--a houseful of      
people of  the right sort1 why then1 one
 might get through the autumn and winter
  without being moped to death4'        
,lucy shook her head4 #8,there is no    

chance1 brother1' she said1 #8that  papa
 should fill his house with what you    
would consider people of the  right     
sort4 ,the ,vanes will come of course1  
and the ,henshaws1 and'----    #8,never 
mind the rest of the names1' broke in   
the captain with a lazy  brusqueness2   
#8heavy county members1 who know more of
 the points of  a bullock than they do  
of those of a horse2 and their fat wives
 and  starched daughters4 ,what have ,i 
done1 to be buried alive in this way6'  
,women have this merit1 that they seldom
 retort1 as they might sometimes  do    
with crushing effect1 upon a man who    
bewails his hard lot1 be  his self-pity 
ever so unreasonable4 ,lucy and ,blanche
 ,denzil knew1  or guessed1 with        
tolerable accuracy that it was due to   
,jasper's own  extravagance that he no  
longer wore the gay trappings of a      
captain  of ,lancers1 and that the soles
 of his varnished boots were no longer  
familiar with the ,pall-,mall pavement4 
#8,i'll go in and see my father2 he's in

 the library1 ,i suppose8' said         
,jasper1 and without waiting for an     
answer1 he sauntered off4    ,sir ,sykes
 ,denzil was a man of methodical habits1
 and his son's  conjecture that he would
 be found at that hour in the library   
was  quite warranted1 not only by fact1 
but by his daily practice4 ,on  his way 
thither the young man passed by the     
suite of drawing-rooms1  only the       
smallest of which was ever used1 save on
 the occasions1 not  too frequent1 when 
some great dinner-party or possibly a   
dance at  ,carbery ,chase set all the   
neighbouring lanes and roads aglow with 
carriage-lamps4 ,with all its splendour1
 the ,court was what might be  described
 as a dull house2 the master of which   
had never made the most1  even for      
selfish purposes1 of his large share in 
the good things of  this world4    ,the 
library1 ,sir ,sykes's favourite room1  
was a stately apartment1 with  gilt     
cornices and a richly painted ceiling4  
,it overlooked the stone  terrace       

whereon1 amidst statues and marble vases
 overbrimming with  scarlet geraniums1  
the peacocks strutted4 ,the great       
central window was  of ancient stained  
glass1 and from its quaint panes in     
their leaden  setting flashed forth the 
lost colours of the blue and crimson1   
deemed  inimitable for centuries past1  
but which probably owed their peculiar  
beauty to the corroding touch of time4  
,this window1 of which honourable       
mention was made in the county          
guide-book aforesaid1 glimmered with    
heraldic blazonry1 wherein the couchant 
greyhounds of the present  owners of    
,carbery found no place4    ,the        
baronet1 who was seated at his          
writing-table1 strewn with papers1      
looked up as he heard the opening of the
 door1 and greeted his son  with rather 
a conventional smile of recognition4    
#8,so you are back with  us earlier than
 usual1 ,jasper1' he said1 in a tone    
that was polite1  but scarcely cordial4 
,the young man's voice1 as usual with   

him when  he addressed his father1 had  
lost much of the languid insolence which
  habit had rendered natural to him4    
#8,yes1 sir2 ,i don't care much for     
cricket1 so ,i did not stay to see the  
end of it4 ,so far as ,i could hear1 the
 ,zingari were beating the ,county      
hollow4 ,but as ,i said before1 that    
style of thing is not much in my  line4'
    #8,better for you1 my boy1 if it had
 been1' returned the baronet dryly4     
#8,a young fellow cannot break his      
health or ruin his fortunes at  cricket1
 as more fashionable pastimes may help  
him to do4'    ,the captain winced and  
reddened4 #8,i didn't expect a lecture1 
father1'  he said peevishly4 #8,indeed  
,i'm not likely to forget the crasher ,i
 came  down with1 that my misfortunes   
should be thrown in my teeth every day  
,i  live4'    #8,we will let the subject
 drop1' said the baronet after a        
momentary  pause4 #8,who were at        
,pebworth to-day8 ,no lack of company1  
,i suppose8 ,our  friends hereabouts are

 not all as complete cosmopolitans as   
you are1  ,jasper2 and some of the      
ladies at anyrate may have gone there in
 hopes  of seeing ,devon win the game4' 
,jasper half sullenly made answer that  
he could scarcely say who were  there4  
#8,fulfords and ,courtenays and the     
,carews1 and the people from  ,prideaux 
,park1 yes2 and the ,de ,vere girls1 and
 ,harrogate their brother4  ,the old    
,earl wasn't there1 and the ladies went 
on horseback4'    #8,lady ,gladys looks 
well on horseback1' observed ,sir ,sykes
 with a  sidelong glance at his son4    
#8,yes2 and rides nicely1' answered     
,jasper with an air of the most utter   
indifference2 and then the eyes of the  
father and the son met1 not  frankly1   
but as the eyes of two wary             
fencing-masters might do at the  instant
 of crossing swords4 ,sir ,sykes and    
,jasper were not1 so far as  outward    
seeming went1 in the least alike4 ,the  
common attribute of  worldliness they   
did indeed share1 but neither in looks  

nor in manner  did they resemble each   
other4 ,the baronet was a tall and      
handsome  man1 whose dark hair was now  
dashed with gray1 and his high forehead 
deeply lined1 but who still presented to
 the eyes of the world a showy  exterior
 and a bearing that was at once         
dignified and urbane4 ,that he  was not 
in perfect health could only be         
conjectured from the slowness  of his   
step1 and those faintly marked furrows  
near the corners of the  shapely mouth1 
in which a shrewd physician might have  
read of mischief  silently at work2 but 
to unprofessional scrutiny he appeared  
simply as  a gentleman of a goodly      
presence4    ,a melancholy man1 albeit a
 proud and a courteous one1 ,sir ,sykes 
was  known to be4 ,and singularly       
enough1 the baronet's sadness was       
supposed  to date from the day when he  
had lost1 long years ago1 the eldest of 
his three daughters1 a little girl to   
whom he was rumoured to have  been      
unusually attached4 ,this was the odder1

 because ,sir ,sykes was  not the sort  
of man who is generally credited with   
very deep feelings  or a peculiar       
strength of family affection4 ,he had   
borne his wife's  decease with polished 
equanimity2 but those who had known him 
in his  early poverty and in his        
subsequent prosperity averred that the  
lord of  ,carbery had never been the    
same man since the death of this child4 
#8,i wish1' said ,sir ,sykes1 speaking  
slowly1 and poising a gold-hafted       
paper-knife between his soft white      
fingers--#8,i wish ,i could see you     
married and settled4'    #8,the         
settling1 if1 as ,i suppose1 it means   
the making of a suitable  settlement1   
makes the main impediment to marrying1  
with some of us at  least1' rejoined    
,jasper with mock gravity2 but before   
his father could  reply1 a servant      
entered bringing a letter4 ,sir ,sykes  
mechanically took  up the letter from   
the silver tray and as mechanically     
opened it4 ,but  his eyes had hardly    

glanced at the first half-page before a 
great and  sudden change came over his  
calm face2 he grew white1 almost livid1 
to  his very lips1 and let his hand     
which held the open letter drop heavily 
upon the table4    #8,are you ill1 sir8'
 said ,jasper quickly and with a sort of
 anxiety  unusual with him4 ,it was     
impossible to avoid taking notice of the
  baronet's very evident emotion2       
impossible too not to connect the cause 
of it with the letter which ,sir ,sykes 
held in his hand4 ,but the master  of   
,carbery ,chase rallied himself1 and    
though his face was even ghastly  in its
 pallor and his breath came painfully1  
he managed to smile as he  rejoined3    
#8,not ill4 ,it is a mere pain1 a spasm 
at most1 which comes at  times1 but goes
 as quickly1 or nearly so1 as it comes4 
,it is a trifle1  not worth the talking 
about4 ,it is getting late1 and ,i have 
a note or  two to write and some papers 
to look over before the dressing-bell   
rings4 ,we shall meet at dinner         

presently4'    ,jasper rose to go4 #8,i 
hardly like'---- he began4    #8,i am   
better2 ,i am well2 it is nothing1'     
interrupted ,sir ,sykes  irritably2 and 
then blandly added3 #8,i thank you1 my  
dear boy1 for your  solicitude1 but ,i  
am best alone4'    ,jasper had not      
proceeded two paces along the carpeted  
corridor before  he heard the key of the
 library door turned from within4       
#8,i'd give a cool hundred1' said this  
exemplary youth1 #8to look over  my     
father's shoulder as he reads that      
letter4 ,to have a hold on the  governor
 would'---- ,he left the rest of the    
sentence unspoken1 and  passed on1      
leaving ,sir ,sykes in the locked-up    
library to the company of  his own      
solitary thoughts4                      
,,tiger-,,shooting4      ,tiger-shooting
 in ,india differs a trifle from the    
tame pursuit of  game in ,england--a    
very different thing indeed from the    
miserable  amusement of the battue1 in  
which hundreds of defenceless creatures 

are shot down without any chance of     
danger to the shooter4 ,to go out       
tiger-shooting is to run the risk of    
encountering a deadly enemy1 which  on  
grounds of public policy it is of       
importance to destroy4 ,so much as  a   
preliminary observation4    ,the danger 
connected with tiger-shooting varies    
very much in proportion  to the         
conditions under which it is prosecuted4
 ,thus a man on foot  following the     
fresh tracks of a tiger up to his lair1 
and shooting  him as he lies1 or        
following him up on foot when wounded1  
incurs the  maximum risk4 ,in all cases1
 after being wounded1 ungovernable fury 
and  a fierce longing for revenge take  
the place of that instinctive fear  or  
shyness of man which tigers share with  
all other wild animals4 ,this           
instinctive dread of man is so well     
known to the tribes who inhabit the     
forests of ,india1 that even solitary   
individuals will hail the prospect  of  
suddenly encountering a tiger1 provided1

 of course1 that he is not a  man-eater4
 ,they know their safety at such a      
moment lies in preserving a  composed   
attitude and demeanour4 ,the tiger will 
often yield the right  of way2 but if   
the human subject finds it necessary to 
set that example  in the way of         
politeness1 he knows it to be absolutely
 essential to the  preservation of his  
life that he should do so with every    
appearance  of self-possession1 and     
without any signs of fear or            
precipitancy4  ,a passage in ,king      
,richard ,,iii4 accurately reflects the 
line of  conduct which should be        
observed1 holding good as it does       
equally with  reference to the tiger3   
,to fly the boar1 before the boar       
pursues1      ,were to incense the boar 
to follow us1      ,and make pursuit    
where he did mean no chase4    ,in      
proportion to the successful days1 the  
number of blank days in  tiger-shooting 
is extraordinarily large1 as the        
experience of most  shikarees will      

confirm4 ,this is owing to #8hanks' or  
beats being so  often badly planned or  
mismanaged2 through which tigers escape 
which  might otherwise have easily been 
brought to book4 ,the dry and denuded   
state of an ,indian jungle during the   
hot weather makes that the most  fitting
 season for tiger-shooting4 ,indeed it  
is the only season in  which the sport  
can be undertaken with a reasonable     
prospect of  success4 ,the available    
covers for a tiger are then much reduced
 in  number and extent2 and in the      
inverse ratio are the chances increased 
of the animal's not betaking himself to 
some distant locality before  the plan  
of action which is intended to effect   
his destruction has  had time to develop
 itself4 ,in other words1 any faint and 
accidental  signs of a disturbance in a 
tiger's vicinity will rouse him from his
  lair1 and drive him to green patch or 
snug retreat miles away1 if the  weather
 be cool and cover abundant2 whereas    
with very hot weather and  extensive    

denudation of shade1 he will prefer     
remaining where he is  until the sounds 
assume too decided a character to be    
mistaken2 when  the probabilities are   
that the sportsman will be perfectly    
ready on his  making a move4    ,the    
great point to remember in arranging to 
hunt a tiger is that one  of his most   
prominent characteristics is            
cunning--and that this must  be met by  
cunning4 ,this is not sufficiently      
studied1 especially by  beginners4      
,eager and enthusiastic for the fray1   
and for the thrill  of satisfaction     
which the all-important moment of the   
actual kill  inspires1 the inexperienced
 sportsman is too apt to overlook those 
precautions and preparations which are  
essential aids to success2 or  he relies
 upon others for doing in the above     
respects what he should  attend to      
himself4 ,the first thing to be done on 
arriving at the ground  where a tiger   
has safely been marked down by the early
 despatched  scouts is to acquaint one's

 self thoroughly with its topography4   
,the  nature of the ground varies very  
much2 consisting sometimes of a pile  of
 rocks rising from a plain1 of a        
confused mass of hills1 or of a  large  
single hill1 a river or small           
water-course stocked with green  bushes1
 and with level jungle or perhaps open  
ground bordering on both  sides2 and so 
on4 ,on being roused from his lair in   
say a water-course  by the beaters1 a   
tiger is very likely to cross over into 
the jungle1  especially if another      
ravine is not far off to which he can   
retire4 ,he  does so with the express   
object of getting rid of his disturbers 
as  soon as possible2 or let us say that
 instinct tells him that an entire      
change of locality is most conducive to 
his safety4 ,on the other hand1  if     
there be no adjoining cover1 a tiger    
will keep to the same channel  and steal
 along its course4 ,the difference      
between the two cases  represents the   
comparative prospect of a tiger being   

bagged4 ,when a  tiger is compelled to  
steal along the channel from which he   
has been  roused1 the prospect becomes  
nearly a certainty1 assuming the #8hank'
 to  be conducted in a correct manner4  
,a very slight noise1 such as slight    
coughing1 will sometimes start  a tiger2
 while he will at other times refuse to 
move1 although even  shots should be    
fired into the bush or among the rocks  
where he may  be lying concealed4 ,as   
,colonel ,rice1 late of the ,bombay     
army1 very  justly remarks in his book  
entitled ,tiger-shooting in ,india--and 
the  writer's own experience is entirely
 corroborative of that statement--no    
two tigers can be depended on for       
behaving exactly alike under the  same  
circumstances4 ,an old tiger1 and       
especially one which has been  hunted   
before1 is extremely wary1 and very     
difficult to circumvent  with even good 
management2 while a young one readily   
falls a victim1  like any other         
greenhorn4 ,a tigress with young cubs is

 always very  savage1 and will sometimes
 charge anybody approaching her den or  
other  resting-place before her own     
presence is at all suspected4 ,three men
  in the service of the writer were once
 obliged to take refuge on a  rock only 
some six or seven feet high1 where an   
angry tigress bayed  them1 and          
repeatedly threatened to charge home for
 at least two hours4  ,one of the men   
was armed with a sword1 and the other   
two had nothing  but sticks in their    
hands4 ,the tigress crouched at the very
 foot of  the rock1 which was small but 
flat-topped1 over and over again4 ,she  
there alternately blinked and glared at 
the unfortunate men1 who only  succeeded
 in keeping her off from actually       
springing on them by dint  of vigorous  
and incessant shouting1 and constantly  
changing front1  according as the       
tigress herself kept moving from one    
side of the rock  to another1 and       
occasionally retiring a few paces1 and  
then stealing  forward and crouching    

again4 ,the state of their throats and  
the  terribly husky whisper to which    
their voices were in the end reduced1   
may easily be imagined4 ,however1 down  
to their humblest followers1  hunters as
 a rule are a merry set1 and directly   
actual danger has  passed away the      
danger is forgotten4    ,in large covers
 there are often outlets and lines of   
exit1 in addition  to those guarded by a
 party of say four or five sportsmen1   
who post  themselves at the most        
important points4 ,these all require to 
be  blocked up1 so that a tiger1 should 
he attempt to escape by any of  them1   
may be readily turned on to a path which
 will draw him under  fire4 ,one of the 
covers in which the writer was fortunate
 enough to  bag several tigers in       
different years1 consisted of a river of
 about a  hundred and fifty yards width1
 with ravines branching out at different
  points1 and low hills bordering the   
banks4 ,it was impracticable  with fewer
 than a hundred men1 and was best driven

 by elephants1 in  consequence of the   
thick and tangled state of the bushes4  
,it was a  piece of ground of the kind  
described above1 offering numerous      
outlets1  as the cover extended right   
under one of the banks1 and ran for some
  distance along the length of the      
river2 while the bank itself was  of no 
great height1 and might be ascended in a
 moment at any point4  ,the method of   
blocking up the outlets which the       
sportsmen themselves  cannot watch1 is  
to place over them1 on trees1 the       
sharpest and most  intelligent of the   
men that can be selected from among the 
beaters4  ,they should be instructed to 
strike the tree with a stone taken up in
  the hand for that purpose1 or to      
employ any other simple process of      
producing a noise1 so that the tiger may
 be headed back the moment he  is seen  
to be advancing1 and his intention is   
unmistakable4 ,a blank  shot will be    
necessary to turn a rapidly advancing   
tiger2 and a  matchlock or spare gun in 

the hands of a competent person should  
in  such cases be kept in reserve4 ,many
 of the rivers in ,india during the     
hunting season are perfectly dry beds1  
except as to a mere rill or  narrow     
stream4 ,the actual water's edge is1    
however1 almost sure to be  the tiger's 
position1 if fringed by bushes          
sufficiently large to afford  him       
shelter2 for he delights in lapping the 
water frequently1 and in  laving his    
limbs during the hottest hours of the   
day4    ,with respect to the height a   
tiger will clear at a bound or series of
  bounds1 some uncertainty seems to     
prevail4 ,in ,captain ,shakspeare's     
,wild ,sports of ,india1 the author1    
when twelve feet up a tree1  scarcely   
thought himself beyond the reach of the 
man-eater he was  expecting1 as he      
believed a tiger capable of springing   
over that  height4 ,in the book of      
,colonel ,gordon ,gumming 7a brother of 
the ,african  hunter71 a sad case is    
recorded of his gun-bearer being pulled 

out of  a tree and killed by a wounded  
tiger through incautiously standing     
only some eight feet above the ground4  
,but points of this nature are          
altogether of a secondary character1 the
 slightest vantage-ground being         
sufficient if the requisites are        
preserved of a cool head and steady     
hand to guide the management of an      
efficient weapon4    ,to the generality 
of tastes1 the most satisfactory method 
of hunting  tigers is with and upon a   
well-trained elephant4 ,but when the    
arrangements are on a very extensive    
scale1 they fail of anything like  due  
effect4 ,on special occasions1 elephants
 have been employed in the              
hunting-field by the score1 and also by 
the hundred1 as in the case of  the     
,prince of ,wales's excursions in       
,nepaul4 ,a cordon of eight hundred     
elephants was then employed to inclose a
 jungle and to drive the game  on to a  
central point2 but the bag1 though good1
 was disproportionately  small1 looking 

to the means and labour employed4       
,better results might  have been        
obtained if the ground had been         
traversed in sections with  only a few  
elephants1 though this would have       
required more time1 which  probably     
could not be spared4 ,the great object  
to be kept in view in  approaching a    
tiger for the purpose of obtaining a    
fair shot1 is to do  as little as       
possible towards startling the beast    
until within a few  yards1 even though  
obstructions such as bushes or rocks    
intervene2 for  when once a #8scare' is 
excited1 a tiger will break through an  
inclosing  line of elephants and        
probably escape altogether2 whereas by  
being  quietly followed up with scouts  
previously sent forward to note and     
telegraph his progress1 the chances are 
all in favour of the sportsman4    ,in  
hilly tracts where the hills run in long
 ridges and are flanked  or intersected 
by ravines1 as in ,rajpootana1          
tiger-shooting may at  all times be     

conducted on foot with comparative      
safety4 ,this was  successfully done by 
,colonel 7then ,lieutenant7 ,rice from  
twenty to  twenty-five years back4 ,he  
never once employed an elephant1 and    
treats  the notion of doing so with a   
certain amount of disdain4 ,confessing  
to a desire to employ his rifle on the  
tigers in the island of  ,singapore1    
which is 7or certainly was7 very much   
infested by them1  he remarks3 #8,there 
the old notion prevails that without    
elephants  tigers are best let alone4'  
,evidently the ,colonel does not        
consider  the elephant a necessary      
adjunct to the sport1 nor did he really 
find  it so4 ,there can1 however1 be no 
question that in large swamps and  grass
 tracts1 and in fact under all          
circumstances1 an elephant is a  most   
powerful auxiliary1 whose importance    
cannot be over-rated4 ,if  trees and    
such positions are taken to meet the    
tiger when he first  breaks1 the        
advantage of afterwards following him up

 on an elephant if  only wounded1 is too
 obvious to need any comment4 ,but it is
 of course  absolutely necessary that   
the elephant should be one which can be 
depended on for making a firm stand     
before a tiger4 ,the more steady the    
elephant1 the better the aim that can be
 taken2 but the uninitiated  should know
 that there is always some slight       
oscillatory movement in  an elephant1 so
 that a small though perhaps an         
infinitesimal measure  of calculation   
has to be applied in shooting from its  
back4 ,from a  neglect of this          
necessity1 tigers are sometimes missed  
at absurdly  close quarters1 though     
there may be no actual change in the    
elephant's  position to account for the 
circumstance1 and to justify the miss4  
,on  the other hand1 as sometimes       
happens1 an elephant may very seriously 
incommode or perhaps precipitate his    
rider to the ground1 by actually        
charging a tiger and dropping down on   
his knees1 in order the better  to crush

 the foe4 ,at the same time1 an elephant
 that bolts jeopardises  his rider's    
life in a worse degree1 by the reckless 
manner in which he  pursues his flight4 
,should the jungle consist of trees1    
there is almost  a certainty of the     
howdah being dashed up against them1 or 
of its being  swept off by some         
projecting bough1 which affords a clear 
passage to  the body of the elephant1   
but not to the howdah and those seated  
in it4  ,the latter1 therefore1 run a   
serious risk of being badly injured or  
of  losing their lives4    ,one         
important essential for the obtaining of
 sport is a liberal  expenditure of     
money4 ,it both sweetens labour and     
smooths the path  to danger4 ,to keep an
 elephant in prime hearty condition     
costs about  fifteen pounds a month1 and
 good elephants may occasionally be     
borrowed  from native chiefs through the
 instrumentality of political officers2 
but unless one has influence enough to  
insure his being thus favoured1  he     

should make up his mind to hunt on foot4
 ,many men have done1 and  still do so  
with the most satisfactory results2     
while with respect  to elephants1 some  
special elements of risk exist1 which   
prove fatal  entirely from a want of    
common forethought4 ,thus1 an           
unfortunate  officer of one of ,her     
,majesty's regiments serving in ,india  
ventured  into a jungle after a tiger1  
seated merely on the pad on which a     
howdah  is made to rest2 he was thrown  
off1 and fell into the jaws of the      
enraged beast4 ,a person seated in this 
manner is at any moment liable  to be   
thrown by a sudden swerve1 and such an  
occurrence is extremely  likely when a  
tiger charges1 or suddenly appears      
before an elephant4  ,the writer        
remembers an instance within his own    
experience of being  mounted on an      
elephant off whose back at least a      
hundred tigers had  at various times    
been killed1 and which was therefore    
generally very  staunch1 and of there   

being a second and third elephant on    
each side  of the first2 yet on a       
panther very little bigger than a large 
cat  charging from a bush1 the three    
elephants together turned in an instant 
and ignominiously retreated for about a 
dozen yards4 ,the shock of the  movement
 was so great that he was forced back on
 the seat from which he  had just risen 
the moment before1 and must have        
infallibly been hurled  to the ground   
had he been seated on a pad only4 ,it   
should therefore be  adopted as a rule  
never to be deviated from1 that a tiger 
should not  be approached on an elephant
 otherwise than in a properly           
constructed  howdah4    ,but as a       
contrast to the behaviour of the panther
 above referred to1 a  large tiger will 
sometimes altogether refuse to face an  
elephant1 and  will retreat from point  
to point of a cover until he at last    
becomes an  easy victim2 which shews in 
what extremely opposite lights the      
subject  requires to be looked at4      

,the duty of arranging a proper plan of 
attack upon a tiger in any  known       
position is sometimes delegated by the  
,english sportsman to  his head native  
shikaree1 who is qualified for that task
 both by a  certain aptitude and a      
considerable amount of experience2 but  
the  best of such men are apt sometimes 
to fail1 and close supervision of  them 
is consequently always necessary4       
,besides1 they are generally  trained by
 those who have them in their service2  
and a long course of  association and   
reciprocal action between master and    
servant is needed  to produce an        
efficient henchman4 ,it is therefore    
advisable for men  who are about to     
begin tiger-shooting to take their      
initiatory lessons  in jungle-craft     
under the guidance of some              
brother-sportsman1 who can  be looked on
 as a sort of distinguished professor   
who has already  graduated with honours 
in his studies4          ,,the          
,,bell-,,ringer4    ,,in ,,four         

,,chapters4      ,,chapter ,,ii4--,,the 
,,story ,,of ,,ruth4    #8,i can't think
 whatever's come over ,nathan2 he's that
 queer there's no  such thing as making 
of him out4' ,this remark was addressed 
by ,mark  ,day1 the tenor bell-ringer1  
to ,obadiah ,lang1 who rang the third   
bell1 a  few days after the events      
narrated in the previous chapter4       
#8,ay1' responded ,obadiah4 #8,there's  
the practisin' for ,christmas-eve1 the  
practisin' for the carols and for the   
hymns a' ,christmas-day2 he don't  seem 
to care about them at all1 and when ,i  
says to him3 8,how about the  evergreens
 for the church80 he stared hard1 and   
said3 8,i'll see20 and  walked off4'    
#8,that ain't all neither1' said ,mark  
,day4 #8,he's wonderful curious about   
his house4 ,he don't ask nobody in1 but 
stands agen the door1 with it  in his   
hand1 and seems afraid all the time you 
are talking to him4 ,my  opinion is1    
trouble's turned his brain4 ,if he don't
 alter1 ,i shall  speak to the parson4' 

#8,don't do nothing you're sorry for    
afterwards1' replied ,obadiah4  #8,y'   
see ,nathan ain't like one of us2 he    
mostly have his reasons for  everythink1
 which ain't the case with everybody    
nowadays3 it's all talk  and no do with 
the many4'    ,at this moment some one  
made his way to the churchyard1 and to  
that  some one1 the men touched their   
hats respectfully4 ,it was ,oliver      
,peregrine4 ,he brushed past quickly2   
but had the men been keen  observers1   
they might have noticed that his face   
was pale and his air  abstracted4 ,he   
was going for a long and solitary walk1 
his custom  when any matter disturbed   
him1 or as ,gertrude ,peregrine said1   
#8when  he had a fit of the blues4' ,he 
was not favoured by that young lady1    
who secretly wondered how ,patricia     
could fancy him4 ,to her sister1        
,gertrude said nothing of her choice1   
for ,patricia was reserved and  distant 
even to her nearest of kin4 ,few could  
imagine how deeply she  loved this      

silent studious man4 ,he himself was far
 from guessing the  depth of her        
affection1 his own being centred not on 
,patricia but on  her inheritance1 which
 would be his by marriage4 ,all his life
 he had  coveted a position with wealth 
to support it2 had determined to make it
  his2 had planned and worked for it2   
when1 just as he was on the point  of   
attaining his ends1 ,death stepped in1  
and for the time frustrated  his hopes4 
,again the time drew near1 and again    
,death intervened2 while  impatient of  
the delay1 the arrival of ,colonel      
,lindsay1 whom he well  remembered1     
proved a further source of annoyance4   
,oliver and the ,colonel had been secret
 antagonists in days gone by2  for the  
latter1 a brave1 honest1 ,god-fearing   
soldier1 disliked the  character of the 
younger man1 whom he mistrusted2 and    
from his long  and close intimacy with  
,squire ,peregrine1 felt at liberty to  
search  into matters of which he had    
heard1 but seen nothing4 ,after some    

years  spent in ,india1 he had returned1
 to find changes at ,linden ,hall which 
grieved and even displeased him4 ,he    
felt more than ever disposed to         
mistrust ,oliver1 but like a skilful    
tactician1 knew that his plans must  be 
laid with the utmost secrecy2 his       
enemies being the obstinate and         
unforgiving disposition of his old      
friend1 the craftiness of ,oliver1  and 
his ignorance of the whereabouts of the 
outlawed son1 to whom he  had acted as  
god-father1 and for whom he entertained 
a true affection4  ,he had heard the    
story as related by ,dobson1 whose      
fidelity was  unimpeachable2 but found  
that even that faithful dependent was   
obliged  to acknowledge that the case   
was as clear as the day1 and that ,mr   
,bertram would never be forgiven by his 
father4    #8,never1 sir1' concluded    
,dobson2 #8not if he was dying4'        
#8,and how about the girl's brother1    
,dobson8 ,you mentioned her  brother4   
,is he still alive8 ,and does he        

manifest a vindictive spirit            
towards--towards my god-son8'    #8,not 
he1 sir4 ,nathan ,boltz has forgiven him
 years ago4 ,poor ,ruth  forgave him    
long before she died2 but my master will
 never forgive him4  ,my mistress died  
with his name upon her lips2 ,i believe 
waiting for his  return had killed her4 
,it is a sad history1 sir4'    ,colonel 
,lindsay had made up his mind he would  
hear the story from  the lips of ,nathan
 himself1 and at once4 ,therefore1 on   
the evening  of the day when ,mark ,day 
and ,obadiah ,lang had conversed        
respecting  ,nathan1 there came a gentle
 tap on the cottage door1 which the     
owner  cautiously opened4 ,in a few     
words the ,colonel made it known that he
  desired to speak to him2 and with some
 hesitation ,nathan bid him  enter4 ,the
 ,colonel had excused himself after     
dinner from returning  to the           
drawing-room1 and had wrapped a large   
cloak over him by way  of disguise2 this
 and his fur cap and muffler prevented  

,nathan from  discovering the rank of   
his visitor until they were seated in   
the neat  and pleasant room in which he 
usually lived4 ,the cottage staircase   
led  from the kitchen to the floor      
above2 but the door which opened upon   
the  kitchen was shut4    ,nathan waited
 for ,colonel ,lindsay to speak2 he knew
 that he was a  visitor at the ,hall1   
and yet he shewed little anxiety        
concerning what  he might have to say to
 him4 ,but when the ,colonel1 with      
soldierly  authority1 made known who he 
was1 and that he came for the purpose of
  hearing the sad story of his sister's 
life1 in order to forward the  ends of  
justice2 then ,nathan's hands trembled1 
his lip quivered1 and in  a low voice he
 begged to be excused4    #8,no1'       
replied ,colonel ,lindsay with decision 
and yet kindness in his  tone2 #8you    
must tell me the whole of the           
particulars1 either here or in  a court 
of justice2 for ,i am determined to     
search them out1 for reasons  which ,i  

shall hereafter explain4'    ,nathan    
gazed at his visitor inquiringly1 then  
gathering his resolution  together1 he  
said3 #8,if your object1 ,colonel       
,lindsay1 be to bring the  offender to  
justice1 ,i must utterly decline either 
in this place or any  other to open my  
lips upon the subject4 ,i will never    
betray him4 ,i mean  that ,i will give  
no evidence1 not even if ,i am punished 
for withholding  it4' ,he spoke under   
considerable excitement1 but still with 
caution in  his manner4    ,this was not
 lost upon the ,colonel1 who answered3  
#8,would you shield  your sister's      
betrayer1 the man who beguiled her1 and 
then left her to  sustain herself as    
best she might8'    #8,he did not do    
that1' replied ,nathan2 #8she received  
an allowance as  long as she lived4 ,but
 ,i promised her on her dying bed never 
to reveal  anything concerning her2 and 
can ,i1 ought ,i to break that promise8'
    #8,yes6' answered the ,colonel      
decidedly4 #8,nathan ,boltz1 you may    

trust me  not to make use of my         
knowledge against the author of all this
 sorrow1  for the sake of my old friend1
 for the sake of his son4 ,can you not  
trust me8'    #8,yes1 sir1 ,i will trust
 you2 but you will not'---- ,he paused4 
#8,i will do nothing without your       
consent1' said ,colonel ,lindsay4 #8,and
  now1 let me hear it1 for time passes4 
,please1 begin at the beginning4'       
#8,my father1' began ,nathan1 #8was a   
,dutch sailor4 ,my mother died when     
,ruth was thirteen1 and ,i two years    
older4 ,after her death--which  happened
 at a time when my father had returned  
from a voyage--he did  not go to sea any
 more1 but became a labourer under      
,squire ,peregrine1  and kept a house   
for me and ,ruth4 ,the ,squire was very 
kind to my father  and his orphans2 and 
after a time ,ruth learned the          
dressmaking1 and  ,i was apprenticed to 
the head gardener at the ,hall4 ,my     
sister was a  beautiful girl1 the belle 
of the village1 and as modest as she was

  pretty4 ,we were very happy1 until the
 ,squire's son came home from  college1 
and began to notice ,ruth in a manner   
which led my father to  warn her to     
beware4 ,she smiled in her innocence1   
and told him he was  mistaken2 and as we
 saw little or nothing of ,mr ,bertram1 
the feeling  died out4 ,thus matters    
remained for more than a year4 ,but when
 ,i was  twenty and ,ruth eighteen1 the 
blow fell with crushing effect upon us  
all4 ,we rose one morning to find her   
gone1 and to hear that ,mr ,bertram  had
 also disappeared1 after forging his    
father's name for five hundred  pounds4 
,it was useless to pursue the fugitives1
 even if we had had any  clue to their  
flight2 and our desire was frustrated by
 orders from  ,squire ,peregrine to     
abandon all search4 ,day after day we   
waited and  hoped4 ,but it was some     
months before poor ,ruth made her way to
 us1  footsore and weary1 and begging   
forgiveness for her sin4 ,then we knew  
that he had not married her2 and my     

father went nigh mad with anger4 ,we    
had been poor1 but free from shame4 ,he 
thanked ,god that my mother was  dead2  
and followed her soon after the death of
 ,ruth's baby1 which lived  only a few  
weeks4 ,from time to time ,mr ,bertram  
sent her money1 and when  ,i mentioned  
him1 she always answered3 8,have        
patience1 ,nathan4 ,he will  marry me   
soon4 ,do not question me2 only trust   
me40 ,i was very bitter  against him    
then1 and would have killed him if we   
had met4 ,i told ,ruth  so2 and she     
shuddered and prayed we might never meet
 until he had done  her justice4 ,so the
 weary time went on2 poor ,ruth hopeful 
and patient2  so patient1 that ,i used  
to wonder how she could live alone year 
after  year and not try to find him1 not
 go mad with grief and disappointment4  
,but so it was4 ,i could never          
understand her4 ,we cannot all bear     
trouble  alike1 sir'----    ,nathan     
stopped suddenly1 and turned his face   
away4    #8,go on1' said ,colonel       

,lindsay1 rather anxiously1 consulting  
his watch2  and ,nathan obeyed4    #8,my
 sister and ,i lived together in this   
manner for more than ten years4  ,she   
supported herself by dressmaking1 and   
was fully employed1 for her  history was
 known1 and she was deeply pitied4 ,as  
she received a regular  allowance from  
,mr ,bertram1 she must have known at    
such times where he  was2 but never     
allowed me to see or hear anything of   
her proceedings4  ,sometimes my violence
 frightened her4 ,i know now how blind  
and wrong  ,i was4 ,the ,squire1 who is 
a true gentleman1 gave me the office of 
bell-ringer and sexton1 and made us many
 valuable presents2 and it was          
understood that no mention should ever  
be made by either of us of the  blight  
and sorrow of our life4 ,but one day    
when my sister heard from  ,mr ,dobson  
that his young master's name was struck 
out of the will1 and  that the young    
ladies were to be brought up in         
ignorance that they had  a brother1 she 

came home in great distress2 and one    
evening soon after1  when she had been  
with some work to a distant farm1 she   
fainted on this  spot where ,i now sit1 
causing me great alarm4 ,she would not  
reveal the  cause of her illness2 and   
from that time1 which was two years from
 the  date of ,mr ,bertram's flight1 ,i 
said nothing to her of her sorrow and   
its cause4 ,ten years after that her    
health gave way1 and ,i saw that her    
sickness was unto death4 ,inwardly1 ,i  
vowed vengeance on the man who had      
wrought this foul wrong2 outwardly1 ,i  
remained calmly waiting for the  end4   
,every luxury was sent her from the     
,hall2 but ,mrs ,peregrine did not      
visit her2 no doubt she was forbidden1  
as her nature was both gentle  and      
forgiving4 ,however1 when the end was   
near at hand1 ,ruth implored me  to     
fetch her1 and ,i did so4 ,the urgency  
of my manner prevailed1 and she  came   
immediately1 alone and on foot4 ,it was 
too late2 ,death had arrived  before    

her2 and after a few kind words to me1  
she left4 ,i found all  the money ,ruth 
had received from ,mr ,bertram put by1  
and used a portion  of it for funeral   
expenses4 ,from the day of her death ,i 
was a changed  man4 ,she had besought   
me1 charged me1 as ,i would meet her    
hereafter1  to conquer even a desire for
 vengeance1 and had commended ,mr       
,bertram  to my care and protection1    
should he ever return2 and so vehement  
was her manner and so solemn her tone1  
that ,i made a vow to obey her  dying   
injunction2 and have kept it4 ,i have   
forgiven1 as ,i hope to be  forgiven4'  
,again ,nathan paused1 while a strange  
peacefulness gathered over his  face4   
#8,have you finished8' inquired his     
visitor1 much moved4    #8,not quite4   
,soon after the date of ,ruth's death1  
all remittances  ceased2 and ,i         
concluded that he who had sent them was 
dead4 ,this was  one circumstance worth 
notice4 ,the other1 that shortly before 
her death  ,mrs ,peregrine sent for me1 

and charged me that should her son      
return1 ,i  would neither do nor say    
anything to widen the breach between him
 and  his father4 ,for 8,nathan10 she   
said1 8,i feel convinced that some day  
he  will return4 ,therefore1 for the    
sake of poor ,ruth1 who is gone1 and    
for my sake1 who will soon follow her1  
promise me that you will do what  you   
can to bring them together2 promise me1 
,nathan6 ,i have always been  so grieved
 that ,i was too late to hear what your 
sister had to say4  ,poor girl1 she had 
a claim on us1 although the world would 
have smiled  at the idea4 ,it is just   
possible that she might have been       
married to my  son4 ,what do you think80
    #8,i told her ,i thought not2 but   
added that my sister had been very      
secret in all that she had said and     
done4    #88',tis a great relief to     
speak of my poor boy10 said ,mrs        
,peregrine1 who  seemed to forget all   
difference in rank2 8and this will be   
the last  time1 ,nathan1 that we may    

meet on earth4 ,bear my words in mind4  
,my end  is peace1 but one cannot have  
peace without forgiveness40    #8,i left
 her almost awe-stricken2 it was so     
wonderful to have had this  lesson twice
 repeated4 ,neither had said a word of  
the wrong done to  them2 it seemed to   
have faded out before the joy and peace 
which filled  their hearts1 and which   
now fills mine4'    ,nathan paused1 and 
again the bright look stole into his    
face4    #8,well8' said ,colonel        
,lindsay4    #8,that is all1 sir1'      
answered ,nathan1 evidently relieved    
that his  visitor rose to go4           
#8,nothing more8' pursued the ,colonel1 
as he buttoned his cloak4 ,he  looked   
straight at ,nathan1 whose eyes fell    
before the soldier's  searching glance4 
#8,no1' he hesitated--#8nothing4'       
,there was silence4 ,suddenly a voice   
from a room above called #8,nathan6'    
twice4    #8,whose voice is that8'      
exclaimed ,colonel ,lindsay4 #8,i       
thought you lived  alone8'    #8,i do2  

but this is a friend who is ill1 and is 
staying with me for a  time4 ,excuse me1
 sir1 but ,i am wanted4'    ,again the  
call for ,nathan4    #8,go to your      
friend1' said the ,colonel2 #8,i will   
not detain you4 ,after  you have        
attended to his wants1 come back to me4'
    ,very unwillingly ,nathan opened the
 staircase door2 but no sooner had he   
turned to go upstairs than he found his 
visitor behind him4    #8,go on1' he    
said1 as he paused4 #8,i can read you   
like a book4' ,another  moment1 and     
,colonel ,lindsay had clasped the hands 
of ,bertram ,peregrine1  and ,nathan had
 left the two alone4    ,alone with     
,bertram1 the ,colonel heard his story1 
sympathised in his  trials1 related all 
that had been told him by the ,squire1  
and promised  to act as mediator between
 father and son2 for he entertained no  
doubts  as to the truth of the          
statement1 having always believed his   
god-son  sinned against rather than     
sinning4 ,at the same time he           

congratulated  himself on his true      
perception of character4    ,when       
,colonel ,lindsay returned to the ,hall 
he was in a fever of  anxiety1 distress1
 and hope2 what steps to take he could  
not tell1 but  determined to have but   
one confidant1 ,nathan ,boltz4          
,,chapter ,,iii4--,,tolling ,,the       
,,curfew4    ,oliver ,peregrine hated   
,nathan ,boltz2 but nobody suspected it1
 least of  all ,nathan himself4 ,oliver 
longed for the time to come when as     
,squire  of ,linden he could shew his   
hatred1 for which he considered he had  
satisfactory reasons3 one being1 that   
,nathan was a favourite in the  village 
and ,oliver was disliked2 another1 that 
he was a protg of the  ,squire's2 a     
third1 that he had been a great         
hinderance to ,oliver's  schemes4 ,and  
now this ,colonel ,lindsay seemed to be 
smitten with the  bell-ringer1 for he   
frequently engaged him in conversation  
and met him  in the belfry to inspect   
the bells4 ,evidently the ,colonel was  

mad on  the subject of bell-ringing4    
,but at the end of a fortnight it       
occurred to ,oliver1 who was always     
prying and suspecting1 that their       
visitor must have some deeper motive    
than this love of bells and their       
ringers4 ,he set himself to watch4      
,just now the ,hall was very quiet4     
,christmas would be kept entirely by    
themselves1 therefore ,oliver had plenty
 of leisure4 ,he said nothing to        
,patricia of his suspicions2 he was not 
communicative1 and she forbore  to      
question him4    ,to ,gertrude1 ,oliver 
had never appeared more distasteful than
 at this  time2 and she missed the      
presence of the sweet sister in whom she
  had confided2 for ,gertrude had her   
romance4 ,a very degrading affair       
,patricia would have called it4         
,however1 no one knew of it4 ,indeed    
,gertrude had dared scarcely confess it 
to herself4 ,she loved with the  depth  
and purity of a ,christian maiden4      
,whom8 ,none other than ,nathan  the    

bell-ringer6 ,fearful was ,gertrude of  
whispering his name even in  the        
solitude of her chamber4 ,yet it        
afforded her a melancholy pleasure  that
 he should have prepared the last       
resting-places of her mother and        
sister1 and that in some manner1 she did
 not quite know how1 his life  should be
 connected with her family4    #8,but   
what recompense can we make him1' she   
would argue1 #8in return for  ,bertram's
 wrong8 ,even my father acknowledges    
that he did this wrong1  and has made   
him pay in full the penalty of his sin4'
 ,and then she  would sigh1 as she felt 
how hopeless1 how almost criminal was   
her love4  ,in vain1 however1 she       
struggled against it4 ,in her eyes      
,nathan was the  true type of a         
gentleman2 and #8,oh6' she would cry1   
#8if ,bertram felt  thus for ,ruth1 how 
could he--how could he forsake her in   
her time of  need8'    ,sometimes       
,gertrude had feared that ,oliver       
,peregrine would discover  her secret1  

or suspect her1 from her having already 
refused certain  eligible connections   
approved by her father2 but she had no  
cause to  fear3 her family had not the  
most remote suspicion of the truth4     
,christmas drew near1 while ,colonel    
,lindsay continued his visits to the    
belfry1 where1 as we know1 certain      
weighty considerations detained  him in 
converse with ,nathan2 and several times
 ,oliver had watched the  ,colonel      
emerge from the cottage of the man he so
 detested4 ,at last1  with some         
difficulty1 ,oliver managed to play the 
eavesdropper1 and  gathered from their  
conversation that the subject of it was 
closely  connected with his uncle4      
#8,what--if8' he muttered to himself1   
but dared not complete his  question2   
and as he walked home1 after the        
,colonel had left ,nathan1  he grew more
 and more uneasy1 and determined to find
 out for himself  the secret of         
,nathan's attic window1 where for the   
last fortnight a  light had been        

observed4 ,conceive his annoyance when1 
on commencing a  cross-examination of   
the ,colonel in a friendly tone1 he     
found the old  soldier on his guard1 and
 ready to parry every attack4 ,foiled on
 every  side by the experienced veteran1
 ,oliver altered his tactics1 and made  
up his mind to use force1 as stratagem  
availed nothing1 and to wring  the      
secret from ,nathan ,boltz4    ,it was  
on a dark starless evening that ,nathan 
set out to toll the  curfew1 accompanied
 by ,bertram ,peregrine1 who having     
recovered in a  great measure from the  
effects of his fatigue and exposure1    
desired  to revisit the well-remembered 
church1 in which many of his ancestors  
were buried4 ,colonel ,lindsay had      
arranged to meet him there to decide    
upon an immediate course of action2 and 
the belfry was to be the scene  of their
 consultation4 ,nathan and his patient  
soon reached the belfry1  whence the    
tolling of the curfew was to be the     
signal for the ,colonel  to join them4  

,but ,oliver had invented a mysterious  
communication which  should detain the  
,colonel in waiting for an imaginary    
visitor1 and  give him the opportunity  
of going instead2 therefore while the   
soldier  waited impatiently at the ,hall
 for his unknown correspondent1 ,oliver 
borrowed his cloak1 and opening the door
 in the wall before mentioned1  entered 
the churchyard and repaired to the      
church4    #8,i hear the ,colonel2 he   
has just come in1' said ,nathan4 #8,will
 you shew  a light1 ,mr ,bertram8' ,as  
he spoke he continued the tolling of the
  curfew2 and his companion descended   
the stairs with the lantern in his      
hand2 but he saw no one1 for ,oliver was
 concealed in the deep shadow of  the   
porch4    ,just as ,bertram stepped     
forward saying3 #8,this way1 ,colonel   
,lindsay1'  the lantern was dashed from 
his hand1 and a violent blow felled him 
to  the ground4 ,he rose and grappled   
with his antagonist1 who maintained  a  
dead silence1 until slipping over the   

steps into the interior of  the church1 
they fell with violence on the stone    
floor2 at the same  moment ,bertram felt
 a sharp wound in his side1 and uttered 
a loud cry  as ,nathan rushed from the  
belfry bearing a candle in his hand4 ,he
 saw  before him ,oliver ,peregrine     
about to escape from the scene1 while   
his  cousin lay on the floor of the     
church bleeding and unconscious4    ,in 
a moment ,nathan had grasped ,oliver in 
a powerful grip1 the signal  for a      
terrible struggle1 during which1        
however1 the latter overpowered  his    
antagonist2 and the would-be murderer   
escaped in the darkness1 just  as       
,colonel ,lindsay1 who had begun to     
suspect treachery1 came hastily  upon   
the scene followed by ,dobson and two or
 three of the villagers4  ,the reason of
 the sudden stoppage of the bell was    
apparent to all4 ,with  faces of horror 
and affright they gazed upon ,nathan1   
who1 breathless  and trembling1         
supported the wounded man upon his arm4 

#8,what is it8 ,who is it8' demanded    
,colonel ,lindsay1 as he picked up  his 
cloak1 which lay in the porch2 but      
,nathan made no reply2 and  his         
interrogator saw that for some unknown  
reason he purposely kept  silence2 also 
that he took no notice of the cloak or  
the broken  lantern1 but signed to      
,dobson to help him to bear ,bertram    
from the  church4    ,colonel ,lindsay  
at once comprehended the manuvre2 and   
spreading out  the cloak1 they laid     
,bertram gently down upon it2 then      
,nathan1 assisted  by two labourers and 
the ,colonel1 raised him1 and preceded  
by ,dobson1  whose legs trembled beneath
 him1 bore their senseless burden       
through  the churchyard4 #8,to the      
,hall6' was the word of command1 given  
and  obeyed1 as they marched slowly but 
steadily through the grounds1 until     
they reached the principal entrance4    
,there a crowd of bewildered faces      
including those of ,squire ,peregrine1  
his daughters and servants1 met  their  

gaze4    #8,charles1' said ,colonel     
,lindsay1 #8,i bring you your son4 ,you 
dare not  refuse him a home if he is    
living1 or a grave if he be dead4'      
,the ,squire made no reply1 but sank    
upon the nearest chair and covered  his 
face with his hands4    #8,shew me to a 
room1' continued ,colonel ,lindsay4     
,now ,nathan and the gloomy procession  
moved up the broad staircase1  leaving  
those below watching their progress in  
dumb amazement4 ,patricia  was the first
 to recover1 and sign to her father to  
follow her to the  room they had just   
left4 ,her movement dispersed the crowd 
of servants  to wonder and talk among   
themselves2 while ,gertrude found       
herself  surrounded by her younger      
sisters1 who began eagerly plying her   
with  questions4 ,to all their          
importunities1 ,gertrude only answered3 
#8,do not  ask me--do not ask me2' and  
with the tears streaming down her face1 
which she in vain attempted to control1 
she mounted the staircase1 and  with a  

trembling hand knocked at the door of   
the room into which her  brother had    
been carried4 ,colonel ,lindsay answered
 her4    #8,may ,i come in8' she        
whispered2 and receiving permission1 she
 stepped  up to the bed1 around which   
the men were still busy4 ,one glance at 
her  apparently dying brother determined
 her4    #8,colonel ,lindsay1' she said 
with forced composure1 #8pray telegraph 
at  once for a physician4 ,papa cannot  
collect himself sufficiently2 but  ,i am
 sure he would wish it4' ,then turning  
to two young men who stood  waiting near
 the door1 she despatched them in all   
speed for the local  practitioner1 ,dr  
,downes4    ,then she addressed herself 
to ,nathan3 #8,you will watch my        
brother1 will  you not1 until ,i come   
back8 ,if he should return to           
consciousness1 he  will be glad to find 
you near him4' ,without waiting for a   
reply1 she  left the room quietly1 but  
soon returned1 prepared to act nurse to 
the  wounded man4    ,as ,nathan raised 

his eyes1 he thought he had never seen  
anything so  charming before2 nothing of
 which he had read could exceed the     
womanly  gentleness and loveliness of   
that fair face2 and his own flushed with
  shame as he allowed his eyes to dwell 
upon it longer than in his  opinion was 
consistent with good breeding4 #8,and at
 such a time1' said  ,nathan to himself1
 as he again bent over the prostrate    
form4    ,gertrude had brought with her 
an aged servant who had nursed them1 and
  still remained an inmate of the ,hall4
 ,in spite of the changes produced  by  
time and the circumstances under which  
she now saw him1 ,nurse  ,goodall       
recognised ,bertram at once1 and her    
agitation was extreme2  for being fully 
acquainted with every circumstance      
connected with his  flight1 she argued  
that there could be but one termination 
to this rash  proceeding on the part of 
,colonel ,lindsay--the expulsion of the 
son now  lying at the point of death    
from his father's roof2 for she knew    

full  well the obstinate character of   
the ,squire of ,linden1 and blamed the  
,colonel for thus precipitating the end4
    ,as yet1 no one in the ,hall knew   
anything further than that the son of   
the house had returned desperately      
wounded1 and that ,colonel ,lindsay  and
 ,nathan had brought him home3 all the  
rest was mystery unfathomable4  ,at this
 juncture1 the surgeon1 ,dr ,downes1    
entered the room in a little            
trepidation1 his visits to the ,hall    
being rare1 and this message having     
been sudden and brief4 ,the surgeon     
perceived a complicated case1 and  made 
an examination of his patient4 ,this    
done1 he inquired if any  person was    
present to whom the injured man was     
thoroughly accustomed4  ,colonel        
,lindsay mentioned ,nathan and himself4 
,the surgeon then  requested ,gertrude  
and the servants to retire1 and proposed
 to wait  with ,nathan the advent of the
 physician1 who had been telegraphed    
for4  ,colonel ,lindsay1 promising to   

introduce ,dr ,ferris directly he       
arrived1  left the room also1 and taking
 ,gertrude on his arm1 sought the       
,squire1  who was still in conversation 
with his eldest daughter4 ,patricia and 
her father received him coldly1 and     
positively declined to see ,bertram4    
#8,charles1' said the ,colonel1 #8,i    
have much to tell you1 which had better 
be said privately4 ,will you give me a  
few minutes in your library8'  ,the tone
 was so full of meaning1 that the       
,squire rose and led the way4  ,the     
result of their conference will be shewn
 in the conclusion of our  narrative4   
,,the ,,salt ,,marshes ,,of ,,brittany4 
,not the least interesting part of      
,france is the wide range of country    
watered by the ,loire4 ,it is here that 
feudal and historic remains may  best be
 studied2 fine old castles1 palaces1 and
 abbeys rise before the  traveller on   
all sides4 ,the gloomy ,blois1 where    
those arch enemies of  ,french liberty  
the ,guises1 were assassinated2 the     

castellated den of  ,plessis-les-,tours1
 where ,louis ,,xi4 carried out his     
deep-laid schemes1  so well described in
 ,quentin ,durward2 and the high towers 
and deep  vaults of ,amboise1 which tell
 of many a tragic conspiracy and        
massacre4  ,here too is the picturesque 
,chnonceaux1 with its rich ceilings and 
tapestry1 where ,mary ,queen of ,scots  
passed some happy days in her  sad life1
 and ,francis ,i4 drew around him his   
joyous court4 ,joan of  ,arc unfurled   
her banner in this interesting province2
 and the heroic  ,vendeans lie buried by
 thousands1 martyrs to their religion   
and their  king4 ,it is a bright sunny  
land2 the acacia hedges divide the      
fields  with their elegant white        
blossoms2 the vineyards are loaded with 
purple  grapes1 the apple orchards give 
abundance of cider2 a lazy kind of  land
 where the idler may kill time to his   
heart's content4 ,yet the  ,loire cannot
 boast of equal beauty with the ,seine2 
its raging waters  inundate the country 

in winter1 leaving dry shoals in summer2
 and near  its mouth1 the district      
called the ,marais is an uninteresting  
tract of  sand1 salt marshes1 and ponds4
 ,it is of this unpromising scene that  
we  would write1 where ten thousand     
persons find occupation in the making   
of salt4    ,the interest attaching to  
the people arises from their extreme    
simplicity4 ,thanks to the salubrity of 
the country1 they are a fine  hardy     
race1 the men tall and                  
well-proportioned1 the women celebrated 
for their fresh complexions4 ,watch them
 as they work in the salt-fields        
carrying heavy loads on their heads1    
barefoot1 in short petticoats1  and     
running rather than walking on the edge 
of the ponds4 ,but all this  is changed 
on grand fte days1 when the costume of  
their forefathers  in past centuries is 
worn4 ,it is called the marriage dress1 
as it  is first donned by the women on  
that day4 ,since it must last for a     
lifetime1 it is carefully laid aside for

 special occasions4 ,there is  the      
embroidered cap and white handkerchief  
for the shoulders1 edged  with lace2 the
 belt and bodice stitched with gold     
thread4 ,a gay violet  petticoat is     
partially covered by a white dress1 the 
sleeves of which  are either red or     
white2 and an apron of yellow or red    
silk adds to  the smart attire4 ,the red
 stockings are embroidered1 and the     
violet  sandals cover well-shaped feet4 
,as for the bridegroom to this pretty   
bride1 he adorns himself with a brown   
cloth shirt1 a muslin collarette1  full 
knickerbockers1 and no less than two    
waistcoats1 one white1 the  other blue1 
with a large black cloth mantle over    
all4 ,to complete  his toilet there is a
 three-cornered hat with velvet cords1  
white  embroidered stockings1 and white 
buckskin shoes4 ,such is the costume of 
,bourg-de-,batz2 but each village has   
its own distinctive coiffure4 ,the      
burning summer sun1 whose rays are      
reflected from the salt marshes as  if  

from a lens1 forces all to wear         
wide-brimmed hats for daily work2  the  
high winds and great changes of         
temperature necessitating double or     
triple woollen waistcoats2 yet even this
 time-honoured style of dress  has      
something picturesque about it4    ,let 
us cross to the left bank of the ,loire1
 and ascend the hill  into the little   
town of ,pellerin1 justly proud of its  
position and  commanding views4 ,from   
this vantage-ground the eye passes over 
the  indented coast-line where the      
points of ,mesquer1 ,croisic1 and many  
others advance into the sea4 ,the green 
pastures and pretty villas  of ,saint   
,etienne form the foreground to the     
barren reaches of the  salt district1   
which extends towards ,morbihan1        
occupying about six  thousand acres4    
,the commercial centre of the country is
 the town of  ,gurande1 perched on a    
hill1 and belonging to a long past age4 
,its  high ramparts1 built for defence  
in troublous times1 can only be  entered

 by four gates1 which bear the marks of 
portcullises4 ,enormous  trees entirely 
conceal it from the traveller1 who would
 fancy he was  approaching a green      
forest1 instead of an old fortified     
place belonging  to feudal times4 ,vines
 and cereals grow admirably on the      
higher  ground surrounding it1 to the   
very verge of the salt marshes1 which   
are utterly bare4 ,looking towards the  
sea1 the marks of its fury are          
apparent1 as if ,nature wished to       
collect all her weapons of defence for  
the inhabitants4 ,gigantic rocks of     
capricious forms1 sometimes rising  like
 a bundle of lances2 sometimes lying on 
the shore1 as if they were  ,egyptian   
sphinxes1 or lions turned into stone1   
and polished by the  waves2 or even     
resembling these very waves petrified in
 a moment on  some tempestuous day4     
,nothing is more easy to describe than a
 salt marsh4 ,imagine a  market-garden  
divided into squares2 but instead of the
 green  vegetables1 each square filled  

with water1 and the walks not level     
with1 but raised above the spaces about 
ten inches in height4 ,the              
parallelograms are termed in the        
vernacular illets4 ,these are filled    
with sea-water1 which pours in through  
conduits at high-tide1 the water  having
 been stored during a period of from    
fifteen to thirty days1 in  reservoirs  
attached to each marsh4 ,the system of  
canals through which  it passes is of a 
complicated nature2 and the production  
of the salt  constitutes1 so to speak1 a
 special branch of agriculture1 where   
the  visible help of man assists the    
hidden work of ,nature4 ,the ground must
  be dug and arranged in a particular   
manner1 that the saline particles  may  
crystallise1 just as a field where wheat
 grows and ripens4 ,thus1 it  is not    
surprising that the salt-workers adopt  
the professional terms of  the farmers4 
,at certain times they say #8,the marsh 
is in flower2' they  speak of the       
#8harvest' and of #8reaping the salt4'  

,it is in the illet1 where the water is 
only about an inch in depth1  that the  
salt forms1 thanks to the evaporation of
 the sun1 and to the  current which1    
slowly circulating through the different
 compartments1  assists the evaporation4
 ,the salt which then falls to the      
bottom of the  basin is raked out by the
 paludier into round hollows made at the
  edge at certain distances4 ,this is   
done every one or two days4 ,the art    
consists in raking up all the salt      
without drawing the mud with it4 ,in    
the salt marsh of ,gurande they collect 
separately a white salt1 which  forms on
 the surface under the appearance of    
foam1 and is used for the  salting of   
sardines4    ,it will easily be         
understood that everything depends on   
the sky2 above  all things1 the heat of 
the solar rays is necessary4 ,in cloudy 
weather  there is no crystallisation4   
,rainy seasons are most disastrous for  
the  paludiers4 ,the harvest varies from
 year to year2 but calculating the      

produce for ten years1 it amounts to    
three or four thousand pounds of  salt  
in each illet4 ,work begins in the month
 of ,june1 and is carried  on till      
,october4 ,the number of illets varies  
with the size of the  marsh2 that of    
,gurande contains about twenty-four     
thousand2 others  are much less4 ,the   
gathered salt is carried daily to some  
slope near  and packed in a conical     
form1 very much resembling the tents of 
a camp  when seen from a distance4 ,at  
,gurande the women are seen running in  
this direction1 carrying the salt on    
their heads in large wooden bowls1      
holding about fifty pounds2 whilst at   
,bourgneuf the men are employed1  who   
make use of willow-baskets borne on the 
shoulder4 ,if the salt is  sold         
immediately1 the cone is only covered   
with a little earth4 ,but it  more      
frequently happens that when the harvest
 is good1 speculators buy  large        
quantities to keep until the price      
rises1 and then large masses a  thousand

 pounds in weight are formed1 and       
protected by a thick layer of  earth4   
,like all kinds of property in ,france1 
the salt marshes are much  divided4     
,more than three thousand proprietors   
share that of ,gurande2  and there is a 
kind of co-operative partnership between
 the owner and  the worker1 the latter  
generally receiving a quarter of the    
profits1  out of which he pays the      
porters4 ,the gain is1 however1         
miserably  small2 and the wonder is how 
the various families manage to exist    
upon  it4 ,even if the wife and daughter
 help1 the whole family only earn  about
 two hundred and fifty-five francs a    
year--ten pounds of our  money2 and in  
consequence of the season when the salt 
is collected1  the paludier has no      
chance of increasing his income by      
assisting  the farmers1 and can only    
employ himself in the trifling labours  
of  winter4 ,so low1 indeed1 have the   
profits sunk1 that in some marshes the  
expenses have exceeded them2 in short   

there is no kind of property in  ,france
 that has for the last century undergone
 more terrible reverses  than this4     
,these changes are partly due to the    
railways1 which have  provided a much   
more efficient and rapid means of       
transport for the  east of ,france than 
for the west4    ,there are three large 
zones in the country where salt is      
found4 ,in  the eastern district it is  
derived from springs and mines2 but in  
the  present day the salt mines are     
treated like the springs4 ,instead of   
dividing the lumps with the pickaxe1    
galleries are cut through and  flooded  
with water2 when this is sufficiently   
saturated1 it is brought  to the surface
 and evaporated in heated caldrons4 ,the
 aid of the sun  is not required2 fine  
or rainy days do not count1 and the     
making of  salt becomes a trade for all 
the year round4 ,in the south the plan  
is  varied1 because there is no tide in 
the ,mediterranean ,sea4 ,here1 by the  
help of a mechanical apparatus1 the     

sea-water is pumped into enormous       
squares1 where it crystallises1 and the 
evaporation is accelerated by a         
continual circulation4 ,with a warm     
temperature and a cloudless sky1 the    
water requires to be renewed only at    
intervals1 whilst the salt itself  is   
not collected until the end of summer4  
,thus the poor workmen of  ,brittany    
have a more laborious and less          
remunerative task1 though the  salt is  
acknowledged to be of a finer quality4  
,the family life is necessarily of a    
very hard and parsimonious  character4  
,it is impossible to buy animal food2 a 
thin soup supplies  the morning and     
evening repast1 with poorly cooked      
potatoes at mid-day4  ,those who are    
near the sea can add the sardine and    
common shell-fish1  which are not worth 
the trouble of taking into the towns to 
sell4 ,the  cruel proverb1 #8,who       
sleeps1 dines1' finds here its literal  
application2  during the winter the     
people lie in bed all the day to save a 

meal4  ,there is a strong family        
affection apparent among them1 the      
father  exercising a patriarchal        
authority in the much-loved home4 ,if   
they go  away1 it is never for more than
 twenty leagues1 to sell the salt from  
door to door4 ,driving before them their
 indefatigable mules1 borne down  at    
starting with too heavy a load1 they    
penetrate through the devious  narrow   
lanes1 knowing the path to every hamlet 
or farmhouse where they  hope to meet   
with a customer4    ,the population of  
,bourg-de-,batz is said to be a branch  
of the ,saxon  race1 and has hitherto   
been so jealous of preserving an        
unbroken  genealogy that marriages are  
always made among themselves4 ,a union  
with  a stranger is felt to be a        
misalliance4 ,there are some local      
customs  still remaining which point to 
an ancient origin1 a visible legacy of  
paganism perpetuated to the present day4
 ,such is the festival which is         
celebrated at ,croisic in the month of  

,august in honour of ,hirmen1 a  pagan  
divinity in the form of a stone with a  
wide base lying near the  sea4 ,here1   
with grotesque movements1 the women     
execute round the stone  a sort of      
sacred dance1 and every young girl who  
is unfortunate enough  to touch it is   
certain not to be married during the    
year4 ,there is an  old chapel of ,st   
,goustan which shews the tenacity with  
which the people  hold to their         
traditions4 ,once a place for           
pilgrimages1 it has not been  used for  
sacred purposes during seventy years1   
and serves as a magazine  for arms4 ,yet
 the inhabitants of ,batz visit it      
yearly1 and especially  pray beneath the
 sacred walls at ,whitsuntide4          
,sunday is strictly kept as a day of    
rest from their toils2 then the  poorest
 dress in clean clothes1 men1 women1 and
 children going in  family groups to    
church4 ,after that1 relations and      
neighbours pay  visits4 ,man is no      
longer a beast of burden1 but shews that

 he has a  heart and a conscience2 a    
happy spirit of good temper and         
frankness  reigns everywhere4 ,indeed   
the high moral qualities of the natives1
  their love of education1 and strong   
attachment to their native soil1  make  
them a vigorous branch of the ,french   
nation1 and one calculated to  gain the 
traveller's respect4          ,,critical
 ,,oddities4      ,that short pithy     
criticisms are occasionally as pointed  
as those that  are more elaborated1 may 
be gleaned from the following1 which we 
cull  at random for the amusement of our
 readers4    ,a little calculation would
 have saved a well-known novelist being 
taken  to task by a fair graduate of    
,elmira ,college1 who thus relieved her 
mind by writing as follows to the       
,college magazine3 #8,in a novel of     
,miss ,braddon's1 a book of wonderful   
plot and incident1 the hero1 after      
coming to grief in a civilised country1 
went to ,australia to make his  fortune2
 and while yet an apprentice at the pick

 and shovel1 found an  immense nugget of
 gold1 which he hid1 now in one place1  
now in another1  and finally1 was       
obliged to carry in his under-shirt     
pocket for weeks4  ,when he reached home
 its sale made him immensely rich4 ,i   
had a little  curiosity in the matter1  
and obtaining the current price of gold1
  found1 by a simple computation1 that  
the nugget must have weighed a  hundred 
and ninety-four pounds4 ,a sizeable     
pocket that must have been6'    ,albert 
,smith had his pronouns criticised in   
the following neat way by  ,thackeray4  
,turning over the leaves of a young     
lady's album1 ,thackeray  came upon the 
following lines3        ,mont ,blanc is 
the ,monarch of ,mountains--            
,they crowned him long ago2      ,but   
who they got to put it on1              
,nobody seems to know4--,,albert        
,,smith4    ,and wrote underneath3      
,i know that ,albert wrote in a hurry3  
,to criticise ,i scarce presume2        
,but yet methinks that ,lindley ,murray1

        ,instead of #8who1' had written 
#8whom4'            ,w4 ,m4 ,,thackeray4
    ,not quite so good-naturedly did    
,chorley treat ,patmore's ,angel in the 
,house1 in his critical versicles3      
#8,the gentle reader we apprise1 ,that  
this new ,angel in the ,house1 ,contains
 a tale1 not very wise1 ,about a  parson
 and a spouse4 ,the author1 gentle as a 
lamb1 ,has managd his  rhymes to fit2   
,he haply fancies he has writ ,another  
,in ,memoriam4 ,how  his intended       
gathered flowers1 ,and took her tea1 and
 after sung1 ,is  told in style somewhat
 like ours1 ,for delectation of the     
young4' ,then  after giving #8some      
little pictures' in the poet's own      
language1 the  cruel critic went        
on--#8,from ball to bed1 from field to  
farm1 ,the tale  flows nicely purling   
on2 ,with much conceit there is no harm1
 ,in the  love-legend here begun4 ,the  
rest will come some other day1 ,if      
public  sympathy allows2 ,and this is   
all we have to say ,about the ,angel in 

the  ,house4'    ,this hardly amounted  
to faint praise1 a kind of encouragement
 ,mr  ,buckstone owned had a very       
depressing effect upon him when he      
ranked  among youthful aspirants to     
theatrical honours4 #8,i was1' said the 
comedian1 #8given by my manager a very  
good part to act1 which being  received 
by the public with roars of laughter1 ,i
 considered that my  future was made4 ,a
 worthy vendor of newspapers1 a great   
critic and  patron of the drama1 asked  
me for an order4 ,on giving him one1 ,i 
called  the next day expecting to hear a
 flattering account of my performance1  
but was disappointed4 ,determined to    
learn what effect my acting had         
produced on him1 ,i nervously put the   
question3 8,did you see me last  night80
 to which he replied3 8,o yes40 8,well10
 said ,i1 8were you  pleased80 ,and he  
again replied with his 8,o yes40 ,i then
 came to the  point with3 8,did you like
 my acting80 ,and he rejoined3 8,o yes2 
you made  me smile40'    ,a more        

appreciative critic was the lady who    
after seeing ,garrick  and ,barry       
severally play ,romeo1 observed that in 
the garden scene1  ,garrick's looks were
 so animated and his gestures so        
spirited1 that had  she been ,juliet she
 should have thought ,romeo was going to
 jump up to  her2 but that ,barry was so
 tender1 melting1 and persuasive1 that  
had  she been ,juliet she should have   
jumped down to him4    ,an old seaman   
after looking long at the picture of    
#8,rochester from the  ,river1' cried3  
#8,yes1 that's it--just opposite old    
,staunton's1 where  ,i served my        
time--just as it used to look when ,i   
was a youngster no  higher than my      
stick4 ,it's forty years since ,i saw   
the old place2 but  if the haze would   
only clear off1 ,i could point out every
 house6'    ,when ,m4 ,gondinet's ,free 
was produced at the ,porte ,st ,martin  
,theatre1  a ,parisian critic commended 
the playwright for rendering a good deal
 of  the dialogue inaudible by a liberal

 employment of muskets and cannon2  and 
then conjugated ,free thus3 #8,i am free
 to go to the play2 thou art  free to be
 bored by the first act2 he or she is   
free to be bored by act  second2 we are 
free to be bored by the third2 you are  
free to be bored  still more by the     
fourth and fifth acts2 and they are free
 to stay away  for the future4'    ,m4  
,gondinet's drama was seemingly as      
fitting a subject for the  pruning-knife
 as the play of which ,mark ,twain1     
speaking for himself and  partner1      
deposed3 #8,the more we cut out of it1  
the better it got along4  ,we cut out1  
and cut out1 and cut out2 and ,i do     
believe this would be  one of the best  
plays in the world to-day1 if our       
strength had held  out1 and we could    
have gone on and cut out the rest of    
it4'    ,an ,ohio politician #8on the   
stump1' stayed the torrent of his       
eloquence  for a moment1 and looking    
round with a self-satisfied air1 put the
  question3 #8,now1 gentlemen1 what do  

you think8' ,a voice from the crowd     
replied3 #8,well1 ,mr ,speaker1 if you  
ask me1 ,i think1 sir1 ,i do indeed1    
that if you and me were to stump the    
state together1 we could tell more  lies
 than any other two men in the country1 
sir2 and ,i'd not say a word  myself1   
sir1 all the time4' ,the orator must    
have felt as grateful as  the actor     
whose impersonation of the hero of      
,escaped from ,sing-,sing  impelled a   
weary pittite to proclaim aloud that the
 play would have  been better #8if that 
chap hadn't escaped from ,sing-,sing2'  
or the ,opera  tenor whose first solo   
elicited from ,pat in the upper regions 
the  despairing ejaculation3 #8,och1 my 
eighteen-pince6'    ,a young negro1     
carefully conducting an old blind woman 
through the  ,philadelphia ,exhibition1 
stopped in front of a statue of ,cupid  
and  ,psyche1 and thus enlightened his  
sightless companion3 #8,dis is a white  
mammy and her babby1 and dey has just   
got no clo' onto 'em at all1 and  he is 

a-kissin' of her like mischief1 to be   
shuah4 ,i's kind o' glad you  can't see 
'em1 'cause you'd be flustered like1    
'cause dey don't stay  in de house till 
dey dresses deyselves4 ,all dese figures
 seem to be  scarce o' clo'1 but dey is 
mighty pooty1 only dey be too white to  
be  any 'lation to you and me1 mammy4'  
,then turning to a statue in bronze3    
#8,dere be one nigger among 'em which is
 crying over a handkerchief4 ,dey  call 
him ,othello4 ,mebbe his mother is dead1
 and he can't fetch her to  de show1    
poor fellow6'    ,an ,american officer  
riding by the bronze statue of ,henry   
,clay in ,canal  ,street1 ,new ,orleans1
 was asked by his ,irish orderly if the 
,new ,orleans  #8fellers' were so fond  
of niggers that they put a statue of one
 in  their #8fashionablest' street4     
#8,that's not a nigger1 ,tom2 that's the
  great ,clay statue1' said the amused  
officer4 ,tom rode round the statue1    
dismounted1 climbed upon the pedestal1  
examined the figure closely1 and  then  

said3 #8,did they tell yez it was clay8 
,it looks to me like iron6'    ,tom's   
ignorance was more excusable than that  
of the ,yankee who1  learning on inquiry
 that the colossal equestrian figure in 
,union  ,square1 ,new ,york1 was        
#8,general ,washington1 the father of   
his country1'  observed3 #8,it is8 ,i   
never heard of him before2 but there is 
one thing  about him ,i do like--he does
 set a horse plaguy well4' ,a compliment
 to  the artist1 at all events4         
,perhaps ,salvini took it as a          
compliment when his ,othello was        
compared  to the awakening fury of the  
,hyrcanian tiger disturbed at his feast 
of blood1 and his ,hamlet described as  
#8a magnificent hoodlum on  his muscle1 
with a big mad on1 smashing things      
generally2' and the  ,boston actress was
 delighted to know her #8subtle grace1  
flexible as  the sinuosities of a       
morning mist1 yet thoroughly            
proportioned to  the curves of the      
character1 was most especially          

noticeable4' ,but  the ,hungarian prima 
donna must have felt a little dubious as
 to the  intentions of the critic who   
wrote of her3 #8,her voice is wonderful4
  ,she runs up and down the scale with  
the agility of an experienced cat       
running up and down a house-top1 and two
 or three fences thrown in4 ,she  turns 
figurative flip-flaps on every bar1     
tearing up the thermometer  to away     
above two hundred and twelve1 and       
sliding down again so far  below zero   
that one feels chilled to the bone4'    
,the fair singer would  probably have   
preferred something in this style3      
#8,miss ---- wore a rich  purple suit   
with a handsome shade of lavender1 a    
white over-garment1  tight-fitting1 with
 flowing sleeves1 and a white bonnet    
trimmed with  the same shades of purple 
and lavender1 and she sang finely4'     
,that has the merit of being            
intelligible4 ,the writer was not in    
such a  desperate condition as the      
,memphis theatrical reporter who lauded 

an  actress as #8intense yet expansive1 
comprehensive yet particular1 fervid    
without faultiness2 glowing and still   
controlled1 natural but refined1  daring
 anything1 fearing nothing but to       
violate grace2 pure as dew1  soft as the
 gush of distant music1 gentle as a star
 beaming through the  riven clouds4     
,with mystery of charms she comes near  
to us1 and melts  down our admiration   
into love2 but when we take her to us as
 something  familiar and delicious1 she 
floats away to the far heights of fame1 
and looks down on our despair with      
countenance of peaceful lustre and      
smiles as sweet as spring4' ,if the lady
 did not reciprocate1 her heart  must   
have been of adamant4          ,,the    
,,well-,,known ,,spot4          ,again  
with joy ,i view the waking shore1      
,where mem'ries live for ever in their  
green1      ,and from the solemn        
graveyard's checkered floor      ,gaze  
fondly o'er the all-enchanting scene4   
,the same sad rooks awake their mocking 

cries1      ,and drooping willows weep  
the early grave1      ,as o'er the dead 
the restless spirit flies1      ,tries  
vainly yet yon broken heart to save4    
,but1 hush6 sad soul1 nor leave this    
hallowed spot1      ,where peaceful     
slumber seals the closd eye4      ,the  
lonely sleeper now awaken not      ,by  
the rude raving1 or the deep-drawn sigh4
        ,oh1 let me mourn 7the fainting 
heart replies71      ,these new-made    
graves1 which take my wond'ring sight2  
,say1 who beneath this little tombstone 
lies1      ,or who this ,angel guards   
through the long night4        ,when    
last ,i saw1 no mounds lay heaving      
there1      ,no sexton rude had turned  
the resting sod4      ,alas1 how        
changed6 ,the holy and the fair         
,have sunk in death1 and triumphed in   
their ,god4        ,then let me pause1  
if here my ,maker stays1      ,and      
guards his saints from the inhuman foe4 
,his word is true2 my trembling heart   
obeys2      ,bless'd are the dead who to

 the ,saviour go4        ,now new       
refulgence breathes o'er all the scene2 
,yon lark's sweet warble now is sweeter 
still2      ,yon blady grass stands out 
in purer green2      ,and softer music  
tinkles from the rill4        ,for why8 
,o mark6 ,the cause is written here2    
,the pale-faced marble tells the        
softened tale1      ,that sweeteneth the
 sigh1 arrests the starting tear1       
,and lulls to silence the untimely wail4
            ,,astley ,h4 ,,baldwin4     
99       99       99       99       99  
,printed and ,published by ,w4  ,r4     
,,chambers1 #dg ,paternoster ,row1      
,,london1  and #cci ,high ,street1      
,,edinburgh4           99       99      
99       99       99    ,all ,rights    
,reserved4